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Content Map Terms
Test Overview
A urine test checks different components of urine, a waste product made by the kidneys. A regular urine test may be done to help find the cause of symptoms. The test can give information about your health and problems you may have.
The kidneys take out waste material, minerals, fluids, and other substances from the blood to be passed in the urine. Urine has hundreds of different body wastes. What you eat and drink, how much you exercise, and how well your kidneys work can affect what is in your urine.
More than 100 different tests can be done on urine. A regular urinalysis often includes the following tests:
- Colour. Many things affect urine colour, including fluid balance, diet, medicines, and diseases. How dark or light the colour is tells you how much water is in it. Vitamin B supplements can turn urine bright yellow. Some medicines, blackberries, beets, rhubarb, or blood in the urine can turn urine red-brown.
- Clarity. Urine is normally clear. Bacteria, blood, sperm, crystals, or mucus can make urine look cloudy.
- Odour. Urine does not smell very strong, but it has a slightly "nutty" odour. Some diseases cause a change in the odour of urine. For example, an infection with E. coli bacteria can cause a bad odour, while diabetes or starvation can cause a sweet, fruity odour.
- Specific gravity. This checks the amount of substances in the urine. It also shows how well the kidneys balance the amount of water in urine. The higher the specific gravity, the more solid material is in the urine. When you drink a lot of fluid, your kidneys make urine with a high amount of water in it, which has a low specific gravity. When you do not drink fluids, your kidneys make urine with a small amount of water in it, which has a high specific gravity.
- pH. The pH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline (basic) the urine is. A urine pH of 4 is strongly acidic, 7 is neutral (neither acidic nor alkaline), and 9 is strongly alkaline. Sometimes the pH of urine is affected by certain treatments. For example, your doctor may instruct you how to keep your urine either acidic or alkaline to prevent some types of kidney stones from forming.
- Protein. Protein normally isn't found in the urine. Fever, hard exercise, pregnancy, and some diseases, especially kidney disease, may cause protein to be in the urine.
- Glucose. Glucose is the type of sugar found in blood. Normally there is very little or no glucose in urine. When the blood sugar level is very high, as in uncontrolled diabetes, the sugar spills over into the urine. Glucose can also be found in urine when the kidneys are damaged or diseased.
- Nitrites. Bacteria that cause a urinary tract infection (UTI) make an enzyme that changes urinary nitrates to nitrites. Nitrites in urine show a UTI may be present.
- Leukocyte esterase (WBC esterase). Leukocyte esterase shows leukocytes (white blood cells [WBCs]) in the urine. WBCs in the urine may mean a UTI is present.
- Ketones. When fat is broken down for energy, the body makes substances called ketones (or ketone bodies). These are passed in the urine. Large amounts of ketones in the urine may mean a very serious condition, diabetic ketoacidosis, is present. A diet low in sugars and starches (carbohydrates), starvation, or severe vomiting may also cause ketones to be in the urine.
Microscopic analysis. In this test, urine is spun in a special machine (centrifuge) so the solid materials (sediment) settle at the bottom. The sediment is spread on a slide and looked at under a microscope. Things that may be seen on the slide include:
- Red or white blood cells. Blood cells aren't found in urine normally. Inflammation, disease, or injury to the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra can cause blood in urine. Strenuous exercise, such as running a marathon, can also cause blood in the urine. White blood cells may be a sign of infection or kidney disease.
- Casts. Some types of kidney disease can cause plugs of material (called casts) to form in tiny tubes in the kidneys. The casts then get flushed out in the urine. Casts can be made of red or white blood cells, waxy or fatty substances, or protein. The type of cast in the urine can help show what type of kidney disease may be present.
- Crystals. Healthy people often have only a few crystals in their urine. A large number of crystals, or certain types of crystals, may mean kidney stones are present or there is a problem with how the body is using food (metabolism).
- Bacteria, yeast cells, or parasites. There are no bacteria, yeast cells, or parasites in urine normally. If these are present, it can mean you have an infection.
- Squamous cells. The presence of squamous cells may mean that the sample is not as pure as it needs to be. These cells do not mean there is a medical problem, but your doctor may ask that you give another urine sample.
Why It Is Done
A urine test may be done:
- To check for a disease or infection of the urinary tract. Symptoms of a urine infection may include coloured or bad-smelling urine, pain when urinating, finding it hard to urinate, flank pain, blood in the urine (hematuria), or fever.
- To check the treatment of conditions such as diabetes, kidney stones, a urinary tract infection (UTI), high blood pressure (hypertension), or some kidney or liver diseases.
- As part of a regular physical examination.
How To Prepare
Do not eat foods that can colour the urine, such as blackberries, beets, and rhubarb, before the test. Do not exercise strenuously before the test.
Tell your doctor if you are menstruating or close to starting your menstrual period. Your doctor may want to wait to do the test.
Your doctor may ask you to stop taking certain medicines that colour the urine. These include vitamin B, rifampin, and phenytoin (Dilantin). Be sure to tell your doctor if you are taking diuretics, which may affect the test results.
Talk to your doctor any concerns you have regarding the need for the test, its risks, how it will be done, or what the results will mean. To help you understand the importance of this test, fill out the medical test information form .
How It Is Done
A routine urine test can be done in your doctor's office, clinic, or lab. You may also be asked to collect a urine sample at home and bring it with you to the office or lab for testing.
Collecting a urine sample from a small child or baby is done by using a special plastic bag with tape around its opening. The bag is placed around the child's genitals until he or she urinates. Then you carefully remove the bag. To collect a urine sample from a very sick baby, a doctor may use a urinary catheter through the urethra or a needle through the baby's belly directly into the bladder (suprapubic tap).
Clean-catch midstream one-time urine collection
- Wash your hands to make sure they are clean before collecting the urine.
- If the collection cup has a lid, remove it carefully and set it down with the inner surface up. Do not touch the inside of the cup with your fingers.
- Clean the area around your genitals.
- A man should retract the foreskin, if present, and clean the head of his penis with medicated towelettes or swabs.
- A woman should spread open the genital folds of skin with one hand. Then she can use her other hand to clean the area around the urethra with medicated towelettes or swabs. She should wipe the area from front to back so bacteria from the anus is not wiped across the urethra.
- Begin urinating into the toilet or urinal. A woman should hold apart the genital folds of skin while she urinates.
- After the urine has flowed for several seconds, place the collection cup into the urine stream and collect about 60 mL (2 fl oz) of this "midstream" urine without stopping your flow of urine.
- Do not touch the rim of the cup to your genital area. Do not get toilet paper, pubic hair, stool (feces), menstrual blood, or anything else in the urine sample.
- Finish urinating into the toilet or urinal.
- Carefully replace and tighten the lid on the cup, and then return it to the lab. If you are collecting the urine at home and cannot get it to the lab in an hour, refrigerate it.
Double-voided urine sample collection
This method collects the urine your body is making right now.
- Urinate into the toilet or urinal. Do not collect any of this urine.
- Drink a large glass of water, and wait about 30 to 40 minutes.
- Then get a urine sample. Follow the instructions above for collecting a clean-catch urine sample.
Return the urine sample to the lab. If you are collecting the urine at home and cannot get it to the lab in an hour, refrigerate it.
24-hour urine collection
Your doctor may ask you to collect your urine for 24 hours.
- The collection period usually starts in the morning. When you first get up, urinate—but don't save this urine. Write down the time that you urinated to mark the beginning of your 24-hour collection period.
- For the next 24 hours, collect all your urine. Your doctor will usually provide you with a large container that holds about 4 L (1 gal) and has a small amount of preservative in it. Urinate into a smaller, clean container, and then pour the urine into the large container. Avoid touching the inside of the container with your fingers.
- Keep the large container in the refrigerator during the collection period.
- Urinate for the final time at or just before the end of the 24-hour period. Add this urine to the large container, and write down the time.
- Avoid getting toilet paper, pubic hair, stool (feces), menstrual blood, or other foreign matter in the urine sample.
Return the urine sample to the lab.
How It Feels
There is no discomfort in collecting a urine sample.
There is no chance for problems in collecting a urine sample.
A urine test checks different components of urine, a waste product made by the kidneys.
The normal values listed here—called a reference range—are just a guide. These ranges vary from lab to lab, and your lab may have a different range for what's normal. Your lab report should contain the range your lab uses. Also, your doctor will evaluate your results based on your health and other factors. This means that a value that falls outside the normal values listed here may still be normal for you or your lab.
Normal: Pale to dark yellow
Abnormal: Many foods and medicines can affect the colour of the urine. Urine with no colour may be caused by long-term kidney disease or uncontrolled diabetes. Dark yellow urine can be caused by dehydration. Red urine can be caused by blood in the urine.
Normal: Clear
Abnormal: Cloudy urine can be caused by pus ( white blood cells), blood ( red blood cells), sperm, bacteria, yeast, crystals, mucus, or a parasite infection, such as trichomoniasis.
Normal: Slightly "nutty" odour
Abnormal: Some foods (such as asparagus), vitamins, and antibiotics (such as penicillin) can cause urine to have a different odour. A sweet, fruity odour may be caused by uncontrolled diabetes. A urinary tract infection (UTI) can cause a bad odour. Urine that smells like maple syrup can mean maple syrup urine disease, when the body can't break down certain amino acids.
Specific gravity
Normal: 1.005–1.030 footnote 1
Abnormal: A very high specific gravity means very concentrated urine, which may be caused by not drinking enough fluid, loss of too much fluid (excessive vomiting, sweating, or diarrhea), or substances (such as sugar or protein) in the urine. Very low specific gravity means dilute urine, which may be caused by drinking too much fluid, severe kidney disease, or the use of diuretics.
Normal: 4.6–8.0 footnote 1
Abnormal: Some foods (such as citrus fruit and dairy products) and medicines (such as antacids) can affect urine pH. A high (alkaline) pH can be caused by severe vomiting, a kidney disease, some urinary tract infections, and asthma. A low (acidic) pH may be caused by severe lung disease (emphysema), uncontrolled diabetes, aspirin overdose, severe diarrhea, dehydration, starvation, drinking too much alcohol, or drinking antifreeze (ethylene glycol).
Normal: None
Abnormal: Protein in the urine may mean that kidney damage, an infection, cancer, high blood pressure, diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or glomerulonephritis is present.
Protein in the urine may also mean that heart failure, leukemia, poison (lead or mercury poisoning), or pre-eclampsia (if you are pregnant) is present.
Normal: 1–15 milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL) or 60–830 micromoles per litre (mcmol/L) in a 24-hour sample. footnote 1
A one-time urine collection, if normal, will be negative for glucose. footnote 1
Abnormal: Intravenous (IV) fluids can cause glucose to be in the urine. Too much glucose in the urine may be caused by uncontrolled diabetes, an adrenal gland problem, liver damage, brain injury, certain types of poisoning, and some types of kidney diseases. Healthy pregnant women can have glucose in their urine, which is normal during pregnancy.
Normal: None
Abnormal: Ketones in the urine can mean uncontrolled diabetes, a very low-carbohydrate diet, starvation or eating disorders (such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia), alcohol use disorder, or poisoning from drinking rubbing alcohol (isopropanol). Ketones are often found in the urine when a person does not eat (fasts) for 18 hours or longer. This may occur when a person is sick and cannot eat or vomits for several days. Low levels of ketones are sometimes found in the urine of healthy pregnant women.
Microscopic analysis
Normal: Very few or no red or white blood cells or casts are seen. No bacteria, yeast cells, parasites, or squamous cells are present. A few crystals are normally seen.
Red blood cells in the urine may be caused by kidney or bladder injury, kidney stones, a urinary tract infection (UTI), inflammation of the kidneys ( glomerulonephritis), a kidney or bladder tumour, or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). White blood cells (pus) in the urine may be caused by a urinary tract infection, bladder tumor, inflammation of the kidneys, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or inflammation in the vagina or under the foreskin of the penis.
Depending on the type, casts can mean inflammation or damage to the tiny tubes in the kidneys, poor blood supply to the kidneys, metal poisoning (such as lead or mercury), heart failure, or a bacterial infection.
Large amounts of crystals, or certain types of crystals, can mean kidney stones, damaged kidneys, or problems with metabolism. Some medicines and some types of urinary tract infections can also increase the number of crystals in urine.
Bacteria in the urine mean a urinary tract infection (UTI). Yeast cells or parasites (such as the parasite that causes trichomoniasis) can mean an infection of the urinary tract.
The presence of squamous cells may mean that the sample is not as pure as it needs to be. These cells do not mean there is a medical problem, but your doctor may ask that you give another urine sample.
Normal: 800–2,500 millilitres (mL) per 24 hours. footnote 1
What Affects the Test
Reasons you may not be able to have the test or why the results may not be helpful include:
- If you are having your menstrual period.
- Taking medicines, such as diuretics, erythromycin, trimethoprim, or high doses of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) taken with an antibiotic, such as tetracycline.
- Having an X-ray test with contrast material in the past 3 days.
- Not getting the urine sample to the lab in 1 hour.
What To Think About
- Some urine tests can be done using a home test kit.
- Other substances that may be checked during a urine test include:
- Bilirubin. This is a substance formed by the breakdown of red blood cells. It is passed from the body in stool. Bilirubin is not found in urine. If it is present, it often means that the liver is damaged or that the flow of bile from the gallbladder is blocked. For more information, see the topic Bilirubin.
- Urobilinogen. This is a substance formed by the breakdown of bilirubin. It is also passed from the body in stool. Only small amounts of urobilinogen are found in urine. Urobilinogen in urine can be a sign of liver disease (cirrhosis, hepatitis) or that the flow of bile from the gallbladder is blocked.
- Bence Jones protein. This is an abnormal protein found in the urine of about 50% of people with a rare type of cancer called multiple myeloma. A urine test is often done when multiple myeloma is suspected. The protein test done during a regular urine test does not check for Bence Jones protein.
- To lower the chance of contaminating the urine sample with bacteria, a health professional may collect a urine sample by using a urinary catheter. A catheter may be used to collect urine from a person in the hospital who is very ill or who can't give a clean-catch sample. Using a catheter allows a clean sample to be collected.
- If an abnormal result is found during a urine test, more tests may be done, such as a urine culture, X-ray of the kidneys (intravenous pyelogram [IVP]), or cystoscopy.
Related Information
- Fischbach FT, Dunning MB III, eds. (2009). Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Other Works Consulted
- Chernecky CC, Berger BJ (2008). Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures, 5th ed. St. Louis: Saunders.
- Fischbach FT, Dunning MB III, eds. (2009). Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- Pagana KD, Pagana TJ (2010). Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
Current as of: June 17, 2021
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine
Brian D. O'Brien MD - Internal Medicine
Martin J. Gabica MD - Family Medicine
E. Gregory Thompson MD - Internal Medicine
Avery L. Seifert MD - Urology
Current as of: June 17, 2021
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine & Brian D. O'Brien MD - Internal Medicine & Martin J. Gabica MD - Family Medicine & E. Gregory Thompson MD - Internal Medicine & Avery L. Seifert MD - Urology
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Learn how we develop our content.
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WASHINGTON - Global warming is leading to such severe storms, droughts, and heat waves that nations should prepare for an unprecedented onslaught of deadly and costly weather disasters, an international panel of climate scientists says in a report issued Wednesday.
The greatest danger from extreme weather is in highly populated, poor regions of the world, the report warns, but no corner of the globe - from Mumbai to Miami - is immune. The document by a Nobel Prize-winning panel of climate scientists forecasts stronger tropical cyclones and more frequent heat waves, deluges, and droughts.
The 594-page report blames the scale of recent and future disasters on a combination of human-directed climate change, population shifts, and poverty.
In the past, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, founded in 1988 by the United Nations, has focused on the slow, inexorable rise of temperatures and oceans as part of global warming. This report is the first to look at the less common but far more noticeable extreme weather changes, which recently have been costing on average $80 billion yearly in damage.
"We mostly experience weather and climate through the extreme,'' said Stanford University climate scientist Chris Field, who is one of the report's top editors. "That's where we have the losses. That's where we have the insurance payments. That's where things have the potential to fall apart.
"There are lots of places that are already marginal for one reason or another,'' Field said. But it's not just poor areas: "There is disaster risk almost everywhere.''
The scientists say that some places, particularly parts of Mumbai in India, could become uninhabitable from floods, storms, and rising seas. In 2005, over 24 hours nearly 3 feet of rain fell on the city, killing more than 1,000 people and causing massive damage. Roughly 2.7 million people live in areas at risk of flooding.
Other cities at lesser risk include Miami, Shanghai, Bangkok, China's Guangzhou, Vietnam's Ho Chi Minh City, Myanmar's Yangon (formerly Rangoon), and India's Kolkata (formerly Calcutta). The people of small island nations, such as the Maldives, may also need to abandon their homes because of rising seas and fierce storms.
"The decision about whether or not to move is achingly difficult, and I think it's one that the world community will have to face with increasing frequency in the future,'' Field said in a news conference Wednesday.
This report — the summary of which was issued in November — is unique because it emphasizes managing risks and how taking precautions can work, Field said. In fact, the panel's report uses the word "risk'' 4,387 times.
Field pointed to storm-and-flood-prone Bangladesh, an impoverished country that has learned from its past disasters. In 1970, a Category 3 tropical cyclone named Bhola killed more than 300,000 people. In 2007, a stronger cyclone killed 4,200 people. Despite the loss of life, the country is considered a success story because it was better prepared and invested in warning and disaster prevention, Field said.
A country that was not as prepared, Myanmar, was hit with a similar-size storm in 2008, which killed 138,000 people.
The study forecasts that some tropical cyclones — including hurricanes in the United States — will be stronger because of global warming, but the number of storms should not increase and may drop slightly.
Other specific changes in severe weather that the scientists said they had the most confidence in predicting include more heat waves and record hot temperatures worldwide, and increased downpours in Alaska, Canada, northern and central Europe, East Africa, and north Asia.
The chairman of the climate change panel, Rajendra Pachauri, said that while all countries are getting hurt by increased climate extremes, the overwhelming majority of deaths are happening in poorer, less developed places. That, combined with the fact that richer countries are generating more greenhouse gases from the burning of fossil fuels, makes the issue of weather extremes one of fairness.
However, extremes aren't always deadly. Sometimes, they are just strange.
Study coauthor David Easterling of the National Climatic Data Center said this month's heat wave, while not deadly, fits the pattern of worsening extremes. The United States has set nearly 6,800 high temperature records in March.
"It's pretty hard to deny the fact that there's got to be some climate signal,'' Easterling said.''
Northeastern University engineering and environment professor Auroop Ganguly, who did not take part in writing the report, praised it and said the extreme weather it highlights "is one of the major and important types of what we would call 'global weirding.' '' Some experts have been using the phrase more often to describe climate extremes.

subset: commoncrawl


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Vila Nova de Gaia City
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Regional Focus
Multipurpose terminal opened
Ten years after the project was launched, the Puerto Aguadulce joint terminal near Buenaventura (Colombia) was officially inaugurated. ICTSI and PSA International can reap what they have sown, supported by the expanded Panama Canal in the background. more
A third Panama?
The Panama Canal has registered record cargo passage figures since December. This late boom has reinvigorated visions in Costa Rica or Nicaragua for alternative canals across Central America. The feasibility of these projects has not yet been substantiated, however. more
Eyeing Japanese metropolises
There is strong demand for modern warehousing in Japan's metropolitan regions. E-Shang Redwood is considered one of Asia's top logistics real estate specialists. Now the state-owned Azeri fund Sofaz is investing in one of the company's funds. more
Heart transplants for the region
Waiting lists for organ transplants are getting longer in Saudi Arabia. Once a donor has been found and the recipient determined, then the transport has to be carried out very quickly. Saudia Cargo is now building on its extensive experience in this field. more
Creating a basis for strong demand
Economic turbulence has not bypassed the rainbow nation either. Karl Socikwa, the managing director of Transnet Port Terminals, has nevertheless established that there is a silver lining to today's clouds. The state-owned corporation Transnet has already started with its... more
Figures tell the story
Researchers working at Stellenbosch University have published their latest logistics barometer. It reveals that the share of logistics costs in GDP has risen; and that the sector's employees are inadequately trained, overall. more
West hopes to come up trumps
North America, with the USA above all, of course, is currently in an intense realignment process. The latest political changes go hand in hand with modifications to the economy. It will thus be advantageous to first await the direction the country is set to take. Ongoing port... more
Great business
Mark Whitehead has headed Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited (Hactl), a ground-handler founded in 1976, since 2010. ITJ editor Andreas Haug met the Brit at Tiaca's Air Cargo Forum in Paris and learnt about common and differentiating regional factors. more
The state to the rescue
The collapse of the South Korean shipping line Hanjin was the latest wake-up call for the shipping industry. The situation of most lines currently remains rather insecure. Now the Taiwanese government has decided to step in. more
Under starter's orders
We had the pleasure of meeting Robert Mills, an Englishman from Yorkshire who has been handling business development at Bahrain International Airport for the past three and a half years, at Tiaca's Air Cargo Forum in Paris. BIA is one of the important pieces in the great... more


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Google's Brazil chief detained in YouTube case
(AP)—Google Inc.'s head of operations in Brazil was detained by the country's federal police Wednesday after the company failed to heed a judge's order to take down YouTube videos that the court ruled violate Brazilian electoral law.
The detention came as another court ordered YouTube to remove clips of an anti-Islam film that has been blamed for deadly protests by Muslims around the globe, both joining a spate of court-ordered content-removal cases against Google's video-sharing website in Brazil.
The arrest of Google executive Fabio Jose Silva Coelho was announced in Sao Paulo. A press release issued by the federal police said he was not expected to remain in jail and should be released later in the day after signing a document promising to appear in court.
Brazil's strict electoral laws limit what critics can say on television, radio and the Internet about candidates for office. Ahead of municipal elections next month, Google has received repeated requests to remove Web videos that allegedly violate those restrictions.
A judge in Mato Grosso do Sul state ordered Coelho's arrest Tuesday because the company had not removed YouTube videos that make incendiary comments about an alleged paternity suit aimed at Alcides Bernal, who is running for mayor of the city of Campo Grande. That ruling also included a statewide, 24-hour suspension of Google and YouTube. It was not immediately clear if and how that aspect of the ruling might be carried out.
Google said Tuesday that it was appealing the decision. "Being a platform, Google is not responsible for the content posted on its site," the company said in an emailed statement from Sao Paulo.
A judge in the southern state of Parana earlier ordered Google to pay $500,000 for each day that it balked at fulfilling an order to remove other videos criticizing a candidate. In the northeastern state of Paraiba, a judge ordered the imprisonment of another Google executive in Brazil, also for not removing videos from YouTube attacking a mayoral candidate, but that order was overruled by a higher court.
Eva Galperin of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, which promotes digital freedom, said the rash of Brazilian cases was "disappointing, but not surprising" ahead of the country's nationwide municipal elections on Oct. 7 and Oct. 28.
"The Internet is global, but laws are made nation by nation," she said. "There is a struggle between nation states and their laws and the freedom of expression policies of companies that host content all over the globe."
In a separate case pending against Google, Sao Paulo-based judge Gilson Delgado Miranda gave the site 10 days to remove video clips from "Innocence of Muslims," which has angered many Muslims around the world by its depiction of the Prophet Mohammed and his followers as thugs. After the 10-day window, Google will face fines of $5,000 a day for every day the clips remain accessible in Brazil, according to the statement on the court's website.
The company did not respond to requests Wednesday for comment about the case.
The "Innocence of Muslims" ruling resulted from a lawsuit by a group representing Brazil's Muslim community, the National Union of Islamic Entities, which claimed the film violates the country's constitutional guarantee of religious freedom for all faiths.
In a statement on the group's website, Mohamad al Bukai, the head of religious matters for the Sao Paulo-based organization, hailed the ruling.
"Freedom of expression must not be confused with giving disproportionate and irresponsible offense, which can provoke serious consequences for society," al Bukai said.
Dozens of people have been killed in violence linked to protests over "Innocence of Muslims," which portrays the Prophet Muhammad as a fraud, a womanizer and a child molester.
Attempts by courts and officials in several countries to remove the clips have revived the debate over freedom of expression.
The judge in the Brazilian case acknowledged that banning content from sites like YouTube is a thorny issue, according to excerpts of the ruling cited in the National Union of Islamic Entities' statement.
"This type of jurisprudence cannot be confused with censorship," Miranda is quoted as writing. In the excerpts, the judge defines censorship as "the undue restriction of the civic consciousness."
YouTube routinely blocks video in specific countries if it violates laws there. It also removes video deemed to infringe copyrights, show pornography, contain hate speech or violate other guidelines. However, none of those restrictions had been applied in Brazil to the "Innocence of Muslims."
Google is now selectively blocking the video clips in countries that include Libya and Egypt. Google has said it made the decision to block the video in such places due to "the sensitive situations" there.
Galperin of the Electronic Frontier Foundation questioned whether a ban was really necessary in Brazil, which has seen no protests or rioting that have swept the Muslim world in recent weeks.
"The notion that there's a need to take it down to prevent violence is ludicrous," she said.
Miranda's ruling came on the same day that Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff addressed the United Nations and urged an end to prejudice against Muslims.
Google has said it has been so inundated by requests from governments worldwide to remove online content that it has begun releasing a summary of the demands, most relating to legitimate attempts to enforce laws on issues ranging from personal privacy to hate speech.
But Google, which has been locked in a high-profile battle with China's leaders over online censorship in the communist nation since 2010, says it increasingly fields requests from government agencies trying to use their power to suppress political opinions and other material they don't like.
Brazilian government agencies alone submitted a total of 194 content-removal requests during the final half of last year, according to a summary released by Google in June. Running just behind that was the United States, where police, prosecutors, courts and other government agencies submitted 187 requests to remove content over the same period.
Brazil and other parts of Latin America are crucial to Google's growth strategy. Company executives have said that Latin America is the country's fastest-growing market.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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DO Qualification Kit provides documentation, test cases, and procedures that let you qualify Simulink and Polyspace software verification tools for projects based on DO-178C, DO-278A, and related supplements. The kit contains tool qualification plans, tool operational requirements, and other materials required for qualifying software verification tools. With the kit, you can streamline certification of embedded systems developed using supported Simulink and Polyspace products.
Tool qualification kits are available for specific versions of Simulink and Polyspace verification tools based on DO-330, Software Tool Qualification Considerations. You can modify the artifacts in the tool qualification kit for your specific project and include them in the DO-178C and DO-278A certification packages submitted for certification.
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Complaining about the length of a film can be a cop-out, a lazy way to avoid dissecting actual content in favor of basically whining about how valuable your free time is. But jokes about The Five-Year Engagement being long enough to legally make its audience common-law married aside, the duration of this and other Judd Apatow–produced movies has become a discussion point of substantial merit.
Constantly clocking in well past two hours, the length of these films suggests a pretense that is (hopefully) unintentional. Basically, it feels like the creators must think awful highly of their passably sweet, slightly dramatic endeavors, in which everybody drops the F-bomb and at least one dude drops trou, in order to allot them more than 120 minutes.
For example, nothing about the giggle-funny script and generally affable characters in Engagement seems to warrant more than 90 minutes — tops. Tom (Jason Segel) is a successful chef who works with his horny, idiot broth er, Alex (Chris Pratt). Violet (Emily Blunt) is pursuing her graduate degree in psychology when she's not coddling her weepy sister, Suzie (Allison Brie). Although Tom and Violet love each other with a passion reserved for Hallmark cards and contrived plots, circumstances keep forcing them to delay their impending nuptials.
First they delay because Alex knocks up and then marries Suzie. Then they delay because Violet's career takes them to Michigan, where Tom is miserable. After the short stint in Michigan turns into an indefinite one, they delay again. Although Segel and director Nicholas Stoller should be praised for penning a romantic comedy in which conflict doesn't hinge on a single misunderstanding that could be cleared up with a brief conversation, the third act's pensive meandering is just exhausting. Trim about 45 minutes, and the laugh-to-overly-drawn-out revelation ratio plummets to a delightful level.
Thank the good lord both Blunt and Segel are inherently endearing — extra props to Blunt for making us believe she's sexually attracted to the oddly shaped, bizarrely mole-dappled Segel. Without any Bridesmaidlevel set-piece laugh extravaganzas (like sink and street pooping), Engagement finds its humor in quieter moments, like Brie's incredible delivery while choking back tears and Pratt's oblivious one-liners.
The third act is so full of unnecessary detours that it feels like road construction designed by Daedalus, and it undermines the (thin) integrity of the characters. Watching Tom and Violet carry on as they do throughout the last 30 minutes makes them less compassionate, less endearing and far more grating. Still, with Blunt delivering perhaps her most charming performance and Segel wringing every last drip of amusement from even his facial hair, this is remarkably pleasant. Had Engagement built on its believable conflict and likable casting with judicious editing and a thoughtful conclusion, it may have stood as a semi-classic. Instead, it logs as yet another mildly engaging overlong diversion from Team Apatow.
—This review first appeared in The Reader of Omaha, Neb.
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Diarrhoeal disease
Key facts
- Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. It is both preventable and treatable.
- Each year diarrhoea kills around 760 000 children under five.
- A significant proportion of diarrhoeal disease can be prevented through safe drinking-water and adequate sanitation and hygiene.
- Globally, there are nearly 1.7 billion cases of diarrhoeal disease every year.
- Diarrhoea is a leading cause of malnutrition in children under five years old.
Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old, and is responsible for killing around 760 000 children every year. Diarrhoea can last several days, and can leave the body without the water and salts that are necessary for survival. Most people who die from diarrhoea actually die from severe dehydration and fluid loss. Children who are malnourished or have impaired immunity as well as people living with HIV are most at risk of life-threatening diarrhoea.
Diarrhoea is defined as the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day (or more frequent passage than is normal for the individual). Frequent passing of formed stools is not diarrhoea, nor is the passing of loose, "pasty" stools by breastfed babies.
Diarrhoea is usually a symptom of an infection in the intestinal tract, which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms. Infection is spread through contaminated food or drinking-water, or from person-to-person as a result of poor hygiene.
Interventions to prevent diarrhoea, including safe drinking-water, use of improved sanitation and hand washing with soap can reduce disease risk. Diarrhoea can be treated with a solution of clean water, sugar and salt, and with zinc tablets.
There are three clinical types of diarrhoea:
- acute watery diarrhoea – lasts several hours or days, and includes cholera;
- acute bloody diarrhoea – also called dysentery; and
- persistent diarrhoea – lasts 14 days or longer.
Scope of diarrhoeal diseaseDiarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of child mortality and morbidity in the world, and mostly results from contaminated food and water sources. Worldwide, 780 million individuals lack access to improved drinking-water and 2.5 billion lack improved sanitation. Diarrhoea due to infection is widespread throughout developing countries.
In developing countries, children under three years old experience on average three episodes of diarrhoea every year. Each episode deprives the child of the nutrition necessary for growth. As a result, diarrhoea is a major cause of malnutrition, and malnourished children are more likely to fall ill from diarrhoea.
DehydrationThe most severe threat posed by diarrhoea is dehydration. During a diarrhoeal episode, water and electrolytes (sodium, chloride, potassium and bicarbonate) are lost through liquid stools, vomit, sweat, urine and breathing. Dehydration occurs when these losses are not replaced.
The degree of dehydration is rated on a scale of three.
- Early dehydration – no signs or symptoms.
- Moderate dehydration:
- thirst
- restless or irritable behaviour
- decreased skin elasticity
- sunken eyes
- Severe dehydration:
- symptoms become more severe
- shock, with diminished consciousness, lack of urine output, cool, moist extremities, a rapid and feeble pulse, low or undetectable blood pressure, and pale skin.
CausesInfection: Diarrhoea is a symptom of infections caused by a host of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms, most of which are spread by faeces-contaminated water. Infection is more common when there is a shortage of adequate sanitation and hygiene and safe water for drinking, cooking and cleaning. Rotavirus and Escherichia coli are the two most common etiological agents of diarrhoea in developing countries.
Malnutrition: Children who die from diarrhoea often suffer from underlying malnutrition, which makes them more vulnerable to diarrhoea. Each diarrhoeal episode, in turn, makes their malnutrition even worse. Diarrhoea is a leading cause of malnutrition in children under five years old.
Source: Water contaminated with human faeces, for example, from sewage, septic tanks and latrines, is of particular concern. Animal faeces also contain microorganisms that can cause diarrhoea.
Other causes: Diarrhoeal disease can also spread from person-to-person, aggravated by poor personal hygiene. Food is another major cause of diarrhoea when it is prepared or stored in unhygienic conditions. Water can contaminate food during irrigation. Fish and seafood from polluted water may also contribute to the disease.
Prevention and treatmentKey measures to prevent diarrhoea include:
- access to safe drinking-water;
- use of improved sanitation;
- hand washing with soap;
- exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life;
- good personal and food hygiene;
- health education about how infections spread; and
- rotavirus vaccination.
- Rehydration: with oral rehydration salts (ORS) solution. ORS is a mixture of clean water, salt and sugar. It costs a few cents per treatment. ORS is absorbed in the small intestine and replaces the water and electrolytes lost in the faeces.
- Zinc supplements: zinc supplements reduce the duration of a diarrhoea episode by 25% and are associated with a 30% reduction in stool volume.
- Rehydration: with intravenous fluids in case of severe dehydration or shock.
- Nutrient-rich foods: the vicious circle of malnutrition and diarrhoea can be broken by continuing to give nutrient-rich foods – including breast milk – during an episode, and by giving a nutritious diet – including exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life – to children when they are well.
- Consulting a health professional , in particular for management of persistent diarrhoea or when there is blood in stool or if there are signs of dehydration.
WHO responseWHO works with Member States and other partners to:
- promote national policies and investments that support case management of diarrhoea and its complications as well as increasing access to safe drinking-water and sanitation in developing countries;
- conduct research to develop and test new diarrhoea prevention and control strategies in this area;
- build capacity in implementing preventive interventions, including sanitation, source water improvements, and household water treatment and safe storage;
- develop new health interventions, such as the rotavirus immunization; and
- help to train health workers, especially at community level.
For more information contact:WHO Media centre
Telephone: +41 22 791 2222
E-mail: email@example.com


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Apple will be in the house again at Tuesday's State of the Union — the house being First Lady Michelle Obama's luxury suite. This time, it will be Apple CEO Tim Cook getting the prime seat, just as Steve Jobs' widow Laurene Powell Jobs got the golden ticket in 2012.
Now the First Lady is never one to hold her tongue. And there's usually a lot of time to kill as the President takes his time walking in, smiling and shaking hands with everyone, including people he disdains. Looooot of time for small talk up in the First Lady's box. So here's a couple of ice-breaker questions for FLOTUS to ask Cook:
1. "Why is Apple hoarding $137 billion? You say you are "seriously" looking at sharing it. Shareholders want to know — even if you call their lawsuit "a silly sideshow."
2. "Did you have trouble finding the Capitol? Hope you didn't use the Apple map app. Hohohohohohohoho!"
3. "Oh, god, I hope your next big thing isn't an iWatch. Can you say waste of time?"
Any other suggestions for what Michelle Obama should ask Tim Cook?
Here's the official White House bio for Cook, courtesy of the White House:
Tim Cook (Cupertino, CA)
CEO of Apple
Before being named CEO in August 2011, Tim was Apple's Chief Operating Officer and was responsible for all of the company's worldwide sales and operations, including end-to-end management of Apple's supply chain, sales activities, and service and support in all markets and countries. He also headed Apple's Macintosh division and played a key role in the continued development of strategic reseller and supplier relationships, ensuring flexibility in response to an increasingly demanding marketplace.
Prior to joining Apple, Tim was vice president of Corporate Materials for Compaq and was responsible for procuring and managing all of Compaq's product inventory. Previous to his work at Compaq, Tim was the chief operating officer of the Reseller Division at Intelligent Electronics. Tim also spent 12 years with IBM, most recently as director of North American Fulfillment where he led manufacturing and distribution functions for IBM's Personal Computer Company in North and Latin America.
Tim earned an M.B.A. from Duke University, where he was a Fuqua Scholar, and a Bachelor of Science degree in Industrial Engineering from Auburn University.


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Teknic Gear & Accessories
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Teknic makes high-performance motorcycle gear utilizing the finest materials and technological innovations. Focusing most of their efforts in the leather arena, Teknic produces feature-packed motorcycle race suits and motorcycle jackets. In addition, the lineup of Teknic gear has some excellent motorcycle gloves and boots. Teknic also produces many women-specific garments designed and produced for the contours of a woman's body.


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When we see a new build by [Gord] from Gord's Garage, we never know what to expect. He seems to be pretty skilled at whatever he puts his hand to, with a great design sense and impeccable craftsmanship. You might expect him to tone it down a little for a STEM-outreach wind turbine project then, but when you get a chance to impress 28 fifth and sixth graders, you might as well go for it.
Starting with an idea from his daughter's teacher for wind turbines each kid could make, [Gord] applied a little lean methodology so the kids would be able to complete the build in the allotted time. The design is simple – a couple of old CDs holding vertical sections of PVC tubing to catch the breeze and spin neodymium magnets over four flat coils of magnet wire. It's enough to light a single LED and perhaps a kid's imagination.
As simple as the turbine is, the process of building it needed to be stripped of as much unnecessary work as possible, and [Gord] really shines here. He built jigs and fixtures galore, pre-built some assemblies, and set up well-organized workstations for each step of the build. Everything was clearly labeled, adult volunteers were trained using the video after the break, and a good time was had by all.
Sometimes the hack isn't in the product but in the process, and [Gord] managed to hack a success out a potential disaster of disappointed kids. If getting a taste of [Gord]'s style makes you want to see more, check out his guitar fretting jig or his brake rotor mancave clock.


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What happens if there are others like her?
What happens to the world?
So asks a survivor of Prom Night, the name the media has given to the tragedy that befell Chamberlain, Maine, on the night and early morning of May 27/28, 1979. Despite all the investigations and interviews and biographies and memoirs about that unbelievable event, it's a question no one can answer. It's a question that leapt out and haunted me deeply when I read it, because it is an innocent, honest question, one that intuits the unimaginable changes and dangers humanity faces if the powers that Carrie White had at her command are also shared with unknown people the planet over. With no answer forthcoming, both its terror and its perception are enhanced. With such invisible forces at the hands of our fellow man, what hope would any of us have to survive such rage? Always at the mercy of someone who can... well, as an academic commentator on the Prom Night horror posits: For if Carrie White is the truth, then what of Newton?
The infamous opening gym shower sequence alone, of menstrual blood and sanitary napkins and the horrifying chant "Plug it up, plug it up, plug it up" is surely one of the most humiliating moments in horror, and still taps into that cringing shadow in us that is both the bullied and the bully. Fewer than 10 pages into his first novel and King has given us one of the greatest imaginings of abjection in pop fiction.
The girls who assaulted Carrie are given a week-long detention - avoidance of which will result in suspension and loss of prom tickets. When the girls' gym coach, Miss Desjardin, pushes Chris and screams at her when telling the girls how far over the line the girls went and gets personal ("if any of you girls think I'm wearing my teacher hat right now, you're making a bad mistake"), Chris Hargensen thinks her lawyer father will sue the school and fire the coach. But in the novel's most satisfying scene, slick legal eagle Daddy Hargensen is sent packing by Principal Gayle after Gayle states the school can easily sue Chris and her cohorts for criminal assault on Carrie White.
"You apparently haven't realized all the implications of in loco parentis in this matter, Mr. Hargensen. The same umbrella that covers your daughter also covers Carrie White. And the minute you file for damages on the ground of physcial and verbal abuse, we will cross-file against your daughter on those same grounds for Carrie White."
Hargensen's mouth dropped open.
Hargensen's mouth dropped open.
"Aren't you getting to be the Joan of Arc around here? I seem to remember you were in there pitching with the rest of us."
"Yes," Sue said, trembling. "But I stopped."
"Oh, aren't you just it?" Chris marveled. "Oh my yes. Take your root beer with you. I'm afraid I might touch it and turn to gold."
How dare Sue think she's better than the rest of the evil children who assaulted Carrie White? This pecking order of high school society, so often a mainstay of popular entertainment even for people decades removed from the setting, is seen in sharp relief. While Chris gets an almost erotic thrill - probably no "almost" about it from the vibe of her and Billy's trysts - from doling out "punishment," Sue is ashamed, even mystified, of her involvement with the shower incident, and this is the impetus for her getting her boyfriend Tommy Ross to ask Carrie White to the senior prom. Poor doomed good-kid Tommy, huh? No good deed, etc.
Still, Sue is uncomfortable about her own motives and afraid to examine them too deeply, lest she discover a jewel of selfishness glowing and winking at her from the black velvet of her subconscious. Does she enjoy a manipulative power over Tommy, as Chris does over Billy? Tommy comes across as utterly sincere in his brief relationship with Carrie White. But Sue must protect what she has: And having something she had always longed for - a sense of place, of security, of status - she found that it carried uneasiness with it like a darker sister. Ah-ha! the reader should think, and this darker sister has a name, it's right there.
The Black Man grinned at her with his jackal mouth, and his scarlet eyes knew all the secrets of woman-blood.
Mother Margaret, our true villain, is almost unbelievably deranged. Her religious hysteria is her sole characterization, and even in her back story we find that she was always maniacal. Carrie's powers have exposed themselves when she was a child, and the infant was only saved by her late father. Their arguments are exhausting, leaving you drained, despairing even. What adolescent could live in such choking insane environs? In times of stress and rebellion, Carrie makes her talents known as she flexes flexes FLEXES and terrifies Margaret with whirling dervishes of plates, tables, knickknacks, bursting lightbulbs, etc.... except now Carrie is practically an adult, and Margaret has little say any longer. No more will Carrie be dragged into the prayer room, the altar, the worst place of all, the home of terror, the cave where all hope, all resistance to God's will - and Momma's - was extinguished.
And what of Carrie herself? King is sympathetic but not sentimental. Her thoughts and impressions are scattered everywhere, in parenthetical snippets and well-drawn passages of her inner life: her utter fear of being tricked again, her bewilderment about the most basic facts of physical life, her growing confidence in her skills - her dressmaking and her unfathomable power - as well as her growing distrust of her mother... and perhaps a tiny hopeful glimmer that her prom night with Tommy Ross will be no trick. Carrie is no freak, but desires a normalcy she knows she'll never have; in a school notebook she sadly quotes Dylan: "Till she finally sees that she's like all the rest." No, her mother is the freak; Chris Hargensen might be one too, but Carrie is the one with the tragic flaw, that power that allows her an otherworldly vengeance upon the guilty and the innocent alike.
Many of the surviving townspeople inexplicably know Carrie White was responsible, even though they did not know her on sight. As they saw her on the streets wreaking her havoc, they knew. How did they know? the investigators ask; how did they know Carrie if they'd never seen her before? They knew it. They just did. Her psychic emanations, her desperate flailing about in pain and despair, impress themselves upon the besieged and innocent townsfolk. And when Sue finds the pig-bloodied and mortally wounded Carrie and is overwhelmed by the swirling images psychically transmitted... Sue still can't help but think the bleeding freak on this oil-stained asphalt suddenly seemed meaningless and awful in its pain and dying. She thinks that, and she stumbles away, screaming, and then of course, oh but of course, she feels the slow course of dark menstrual blood down her thighs.
If this is truth, what will happen to the world? What of Newton?
recent New Yorker article that refreshingly refrained from the sort of backhanded complimentary tone which that mag often adopts when talking about bestselling writers of pop fiction, the perceptive author writes "Carrie succeeds because it feels accurate about things that are unreal... There are lots of writers who tell it like it is, but only a few who, with such commitment and intensity, tell it like it isn't." Goddamn right. Commitment and intensity, that's what I want!
And there's a comfort I find in revisiting King's prose and storytelling - for better or worse - a feeling of settling back with old friends, with his familiar stylistic tics and peccadilloes, the warmth of his humanity and the coldness of his horrors. You can trust King. Sure, he may get some of the details wrong - a slip into cliche or a banal metaphor, a weak phrasing, a character from central casting - but as we all know, when King is good he's great, his commitment paramount, and you can read it, see it, fucking feel it, from the very first pages of Carrie, his very first book.


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After more than 20 years, Florida's largest regional sub and grill chain, The New Miami Subs Grill, announced its return to Miami's Magic City.
Three new restaurant franchises, Miami Springs, Miami, and South Beach, will open in 2012 and 2013. Each will reflect the new modernized look and feel to come for the iconic franchise chain.
The first of the new restaurants will open at South Royal Poinciana Boulevard in Miami Springs, Florida, in mid-November.
Veteran Miami Subs franchisee John Nakis will open The New Miami Subs Grill in Miami Springs.
Representing the next generation of the brand, the Miami Springs location will offer hip and modernized interiors, 24-hour service, a breakfast menu, and the reintroduction of beer and champagne, which were original mainstays at the successful franchise operation.
Miami Subs in Miami Springs will be a measure of the upcoming facelift to expect from the iconic franchise chain, which is currently undergoing significant brand development to ready for domestic and worldwide expansion.
Nakis, a successful businessman, has been with Miami Subs since its beginnings, opening his first restaurant in 1992 and three more locations in Dade County and Tallahassee, Florida.
Though he left the franchise after a change in ownership in 1999, Nakis continued to follow the brand's movement.
Nakis says his decision to return to the franchise and join the brand's revival movement came after the introduction of the new ownership and an appointed management team by CEO Richard Chwatt in 2010.
"I am excited to see the changes taking shape at Miami Subs," Nakis says. "The evolution of the brand is readily apparent through recent new menu introductions and renovations. Now that international music sensation Pitbull is involved with the brand, there are definitely some exciting new changes to come."
The announcement marks a momentous achievement for Miami Subs.
"John was one of our best franchisees," CEO Chwatt says. "We are elated to welcome him back on board and find it very fitting that he be the one leading the new expansion into Miami."
The New Miami Subs Grill franchise chain has been on an uptick since Chwatt's new ownership and appointed management team took effect in 2010.
Achieving record-breaking sales comparisons store by store, year over year, for 72 out of 74 weeks respectively, Chwatt attributes this to the franchise's focus on revitalizing the brand through renovation, relocation, and a commitment to downsizing existing locations that simply don't fall in line with projected growth plans.
Recently, the Fort Lauderdale–based chain announced aggressive expansion efforts in Latin America for 2012 and 2013, as well as an equity partnership with Armando Christian Perez, the international music sensation also known as "Pitbull."


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< Changes
Smaller Cloud Image Footprint
Shrink the footprint of our cloud images as far as reasonably, and within the given timeframe, possible.
- Name: Cloud SIG / Joe Brockmeier
- Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
- Release notes owner:
- Product: All Cloud Images (duh!)
- Responsible WG: Cloud
Current status
Detailed Description
Space is precious in the cloud, therefore the Cloud SIG tries to keep the images' footprint as small as reasonably possible. Several approaches are ongoing in this regard and while they are hardly worth mentioning individually, the combined effort is going to be noticeable.
Benefit to Fedora
- Official Fedora cloud images will become smaller.
- Possibility to install Fedora with a smaller footprint.
As mentioned, there's really various changes that are quite independent of each other but share the common goal.
- Proposal owners:
- Investigate replacing network initscripts with systemd-networkd (if it is ready; ifcfg-* file compatibility is probably a requirement)
- Make sure only just kernel-core, not kernel and kernel-drivers, is installed (see the related change: Changes/Modular_Kernel_Packaging_for_Cloud).
- Make sure only the packages really required are installed.
- Use %packages --excludedocs to to skip installing docs.
- Use %packages --instLangs= to ship only just English.
- Tweak the locales (in %post) so that local-archive ships with only just English instead of all languages. We might skip this one if it seems too much tinkering. Work is going on to have proper support for this in the glibc package (see rhbz#156477 - also, c#30 shows the necessary tinkering).
- Other developers:
- Packages that are part of any cloud image (and in the long run all packages) must use %license instead of %doc for the license file(s) so we can skip shipping docs but still ship licenses. (See separate change Changes/Use license macro in RPMs for packages in Cloud Image
- cloud-init should no longer require python-cheetah and needs to be refactored (upstream) accordingly.
- Release engineering: Nothing.
- Policies and guidelines:
- Packaging Guidelines need to reflect that license files must be tagged with %license instead of %docs (FPC#411).
Upgrade/compatibility impact
N/A because upgrading cloud images is not supported (as they target cattle, not pets). Still, none of the changes should affect (unsupported) upgrade attempts.
How To Test
Launching one of the Fedora Cloud Images in your favorite IaaS cloud:
- Make sure everything still works as expected, particularly anything you've done regularly with the official F20 cloud image.
- Verify cloud-init functionality works expected, doing anything you've ever done with any cloud-init enabled image - or anything the upstream docs say you can do.
- Verify NetworkManager, dhclient, etc. are missing but network connectivity is up and running (i.e. was set up properly through DHCP).
- Verify kernel and kernel-drivers are missing.
- Verify docs are missing but license files are present.
- Verify non-English languages are missing.
User Experience
The same as always, except less space is used on freshly launched images, and therefore less updates become necessary which also results in less ingress being used.
Hopefully none other than mentioned in Scope.
Contingency Plan
Every single change is independent of the others, so if doesn't make it, the others still can. Single changes that don't meet the deadline are simply dropped and changes reverted to the previous configuration if necessary.
- Blocks release? No
- Blocks product? No
N/A, but the hints mentioned in Scope should suffice to get the idea.
Release Notes
TODO: add notes accordingly to implemented changes.
All Fedora cloud images have now been optimized for a smaller footprint to save resources.


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Thursday, December 21, 2017
Nominations Needed ("The Book Was Better" Poll)
Anything times stamped after 1:15 on the US-west coast will no longer be part of the poll.
Sorry for the inconvenience but it had been days.
Something a little different for our next poll, so listen close.
There are lots of good book made into good movies (The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo, Lord of the Rings, Harry Potter). And there are tons of okay books made into pretty decent movies (Hunger Games, Life of Pi). And of course the bad books made into bad movies are innumerable.
But today's poll is about those movies that somehow hide treasures in their source literature. Where the book isn't just better, but it's "SO MUCH BETTER, OH MY GOD YOU HAVE TO READ IT!"
This isn't a poll about the best book or about the best movie. It's about the movies no one seems to know are really books or no one seems to know just how goddamned good the book is.
1- As always, I leave the semantics to your best judgement because I'd rather be inclusive. The last thing I want to do is police whether or or not a book is "good" enough or a movie NOT good enough to count.
2- You may nominate two (2) books. Remember that I am the worst sort of human imaginable who hates free will and all things that smell like liberty. I will NOT take any books beyond the second that you suggest. (I will consider everything after your second rec in a long list to be "seconds" if the work is nominated before or after yours.)
3- You may (and should) second as many nominations of others as you wish. That is the only way they'll be making it to the final poll.
4- Put your nominations here. Not on my Facebook wall. Not on Writing About Writing's FB page. Not on Google. HERE. I will take nominations on reminder posts; however, they may not get the seconds you need to go onto our poll because no one will see them. But I can't sift through all the social media cross posting. (Every poll there are great nominations on FB or Google that never make the poll because they just weren't here to be seconded.)
5- Try to keep in mind the perimeters of the poll. The Martian is a good book and a good movie, but the former is almost a script of the latter with a few changes. What this poll is about is the books that are vastly, wonderfully better.
6- "Best" means whatever you as a reader think it should. Most challenging. Most engaging. Most fun. Most literary. The most epic sub-plots that were never in the movie. It's up to you what "best" means.
OH AND BY THE WAY....the poll that is up (best modern fantasy) still needs your vote.
316 comments:
One entry: 'The World According to Garp'. John Irving's novel was a cultural touchstone for so many among us from that era.ReplyDelete
The screenwriters destroyed it.
Poltergeist was a great movie (IMHO...I was twelve when it came out, and it scared the bejeezus out of me). I don't know if the book is BETTER per se, but I think it goes above and beyond the usual rushed-novel-based-on-a-hit-movie fare. Author James Kahn shows us a lot more of Tangina's POV, and the other-dimensional doings on the other side of the closet--a very welcome supplement to the celluloid story.ReplyDelete
Northern Lights (The Golden Compass) - Philip PullmanReplyDeleteReplies
...and a FB commenter nominated Watership Down. Heartily seconded.ReplyDeleteReplies
The Neverending Story (I'm leaving the comment because it didn't work for someone who tried to comment here).ReplyDelete
1. A Long Way Down (the book had a laugh-out-loud gallows humor to go along with its heartwarming message about four unlikely friends who help each other avoid suicide. The humor not at all captured on screen and wasn't really attempted.)ReplyDelete
2. Ghost World (this graphic novel was superbly poignant and was only really half-adapted by the movie, which devoted a large amount of screen time to a character played by Steve Buscemi that appeared in only two or three panels of the book)
Dylan JamesReplies
About a boy was similarly disappointing. Film didn't even mention Kurt Cobain. (Legal reasons I believe.)Delete
My nominations are The Lightning Thief and Eragon.ReplyDeleteReplies
1. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. Part II if you have to pick, but both were horrendous.ReplyDelete
2. A lot of Stephen King adaptations. Pet Cemetery is the one that comes to mind the most. Mostly for the spoiled ending and the zero-horror factor.
Ender's Game. The book is sublime - ana analysis of strategic thinking, a reflection on the struggles of youth, a statement on the nature of pragmatism and abuse...ReplyDelete
The movie pulls the rug out from all of that in its opening narration, and reduces the whole story to an abridged and lacklustre action sci fi. Also, I don't know if anyone was aware of this, but Ben Kingsley is not a Maori.Replies
Seconding Ender's GameDelete
Also seconding Ender's Game, although I liked the movie. I just don't think it can stand on its own; you need to have read and memorized the book to get it.Delete
Second Ender's game.Delete
Second Enders GameDelete
Yes to Enders Game.Delete
Second Enders GameDelete
Yes. Ender's Game. Yet another second. (Or should it be a "third".Delete
1. World War ZReplyDelete
2. EragonReplies
1. Harry Potter. Specifically, the Prisoner of Azkaban. I don't know what the director was thinking but between the talking shrunken head, Miggle clothes at school, magic being done outside of school (Harry would have been expelled in the very first scene), and the complete cut of very real subplot (crookshanks/scabbers Fight. Seriously. Ron and Hermione didn't speak to each other for half the book) and every other major change it shouldn't have even been called Harry Potter.ReplyDelete
2. Ella Enchanted. This is one of the most well-written and creative Cinderella stories of all time. The movie was a sideshow attraction.Replies
I second Ella Enchanted and Harry PotterDelete
I was going to say Ella Enchanted as well.Delete
I agree, Ella Enchanted robbed Ella of her victory.Delete
Second HP Prisoner of AzkabanDelete
I second Harry PotterDelete
Effing yes, Prisoner of Azkaban. I was going to say the whole HP series, but if we have to go by single books, then definitely that one.Delete
1. The Name of the Rose - in my opinion, the massive amount of historical background that was completely ignored in the movie annoyed me, when watching it again right after reading the book.ReplyDelete
2. The Hobbit, although I can't quite understand why the film trilogy had to end up so abysmally bad.Replies
My nominations:ReplyDelete
1. The Princess Bride - while the movie was still quite good (for a change), the book is far, far superior, and I think lots of folks still don't realize there is one.
2. World War Z (totally agree on this one) - movie horrible, book great.
3. Jurassic Park - movie was fun, but the book is WAY better.
4. Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep/Bladerunner - great movie, great story, so hard to lump this in, but I think it qualifies since only die-hard science fiction lovers know the source material for the movie.Replies
Starship TroopersReplyDeleteReplies
this. So much this.Delete
Seconding Starship TroopersDelete
Third through infinity for Starship Troopers. It's not my favorite Heinlein book, but the movie was fraki drek.Delete
4thed + for Starship TroopersDelete
A book about a youth realizing the nature of active citizenship vs just living somewhere gets tuned into a b rate sci-fi shoots movie.
They couldn't even get the military or aliens right...
(Plus gratuitous nudity, shoehorned romantic subplot, and somehow painting a service based democratic republic as a militaristic fascist state)
Concur for whatever number we're onDelete
1. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. The reunion between Black and Lupin was much more poignant in the book.ReplyDelete
2. The Martian. It was an ok movie, but not that good. The book was outstanding! So much funnier and more interesting.Replies
seconding The MartianDelete
I agree with both of these. I feel like Lupin was miscast. I did not like Thewlis in that role at all. And the Martian felt rushed and boring at the same time. The book was great though.Delete
I go with The Martian. The book is awesome for those of us who do science, but the movie is "oh, look, he can fly like Ironman!"...Delete
This comment has been removed by the author.ReplyDelete
Starship Troopers is interesting, in that the director publicly stated that he hated the book. :)ReplyDeleteReplies
Seconding! The book is completely different... don't agree with its viewpoint, but very well done!Delete
The Power of One. SERIOUSLY incredible book, abysmal film.ReplyDelete
(1) We Can Remember It For You Wholesale - Phillip K. Dick. ("Total Recall")ReplyDelete
(2) The Running Man - Stephen King, as Richard Bachman. ("The Running Man")
In both cases, the movies were abominations that abandoned the writing of the author and instead went completely 80's Tinsel Town. The screenwriters for each managed to use some of the key words from the original material (such as protagonist names), but otherwise got what I will charitably describe as, "lazy," trusting that Arnold Schwarzenegger's draw would automatically put butts in seats. And though he gave signature Schwarzenegger, he could not rescue these films from the steaming sewage the screenwriters vomited up.
The original works, on the other hand, are very worth the reader's time.Replies
1. Clan of the Cave Bear: the book is fascinating and fun; the movie was heinous.ReplyDelete
2. Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith - The book allows so much insight into character thoughts showing Anikin's spiral into darkness; something that clearly doesn't come across no matter how many "deep thinking moments " Hayden Christensen tried to show us.Replies
Regarding Star Wars, this calls for some clarification: can novelizations of movies (where the book was adapted from the screenplay, not the other way around) count, or only cases where the book was the original form of the story and the movie an inferior adaptation of it?Delete
Second for Clan of the Cave Bear.Delete
Star wars is not a real novel. The book came after the movie. It does not count I thinkDelete
Watchmen and The HobbitReplyDeleteReplies
I, Robot. The film was shite.ReplyDelete
Jumper. The book was really good and went into fairly deep themes... the film was just an adventure. Enjoyable enough, but so disappointing.Replies
second iRobot for the sheer staggering hubris of thinking you could begin to translate that Corpus into a single action movie...Delete
This comment has been removed by the author.Delete
Huge second on I Robot. As an "inspired by" film it wasn't *that* bad. But it wasn't an adaptation. And it wasn't really *good* either.Delete
Second JumperDelete
1. Wuthering heights: the film was slow enough to be painful
2. The scarlet letter
Fever Pitch by Nick HornbyReplyDelete
The book is one of the seminal books about sport fandom.
Both the original British movie adaptation and the 2005 Jimmy Fallon baseball-ified adaptation struggle to tell anything resembling a compelling story.
The Bourne Ultimatum and EragonReplyDelete
Erigon (I have a feeling this is a popular suggestion. That was just terribly terrible and the book had so many plots that were never picked up on. They turned a multi faced deep read into a good vs bad plus dragon story.)ReplyDelete
I'm afraid I have to put in the second as LOTRs Return of the King. Not because it wasn't a good film but OH MY GOD THEY CUT OUT MY FAVOURITE PARTS OF THE ENTIRE SERIES. The Raising of the Shire was Completely missed. Character development skipped in favour of hours and hours of battle scenes.
On a side note, if you do the opposite of this and have the 'the film was actually much better' post I'm definitely nominating Stardust.
Gone with the Wind. Margaret Mitchell spends pages and pages describing beauty and heartache and catastrophe that just can't be captured on film.ReplyDelete
The Giver. It was my first dystopian novel as a kid and I was fascinated from beginning to end. The movie felt half hearted and Taylor Swift's appearance was incredibly distracting.ReplyDelete
I'm kind of shocked that no one has mentioned Dune! I am owed this was one of the foundational Classics of speculative fiction of any kind. I can't say I've watched all the movie adaptations, but the one or two that I've seen have been insanely horrible.ReplyDeleteReplies
Watchmen and the Dark TowerlReplyDeleteReplies
1. Eragon by Christopher PaoliniReplyDelete
2. Voyage of the Dawn Treader by C.S. LewisReplies
Starship Troopers by RAH.ReplyDelete
I have to nominate The Mist of Avalon. I know it was a TV mini-series but the book was so much more than the dinky mini-series.ReplyDeleteReplies
I Second That!Delete
The Mini Series states at the beginning that Morgaine has been forever villified, but nothing that she does in the Mini Series comes close to painting her as evil.
That and they glossed over so many important plot points of the novel.
The Time-Traveler's Wife by Audrey Niffenegger. The movie failed to capture the beauty of the story, the heartbreak of it.ReplyDelete
1. The Lord of the Rings ffs. It is not really a hidden gem - it is even mentioned in the description - but, from my experience, people stopped reading it, and when they do have a look, the movie infuences what they think way too much.ReplyDelete
2. Dune. Yep.
1. World War Z. The movie is decent on it's own, but it's complete garbage compated to the book.ReplyDelete
2. War of the Worlds. Because H.G. Wells always deserves love.
1. StardustReplyDelete
2. Blue is the Warmest ColorReplies
Practical Magic, Alice Hoffman.ReplyDelete
...only two???
1) V for Vendetta - Watchmen was way closer to the GN, and I feel did a decent job. But V for Vendetta...
Unfortunately, if you haven't read it, you don't realize that the book is way better.
2) Eaters of the Dead (as 13th Warrior in movie form)
Second/Third/Fourth etc on Eragon
Seconding Twilight (should anyone mention it LOL)
Second on Northern Lights (As Golden Compass in movie form, from the His Dark Materials trilogy - Philip Pullman)
1. The Black Cauldron. The Chronicles of Prydain is one of the best YA fantasy series ever written, and Disney very loosely adapted the first two books into the single worst (artistically speaking; it's not as morally objectionable as "Song of the South") feature film in their entire animated canon, the picture that damned near killed off Disney Animation altogether.ReplyDelete
2. The Jungle Book. I actually walked out of the 1978 re-release or so with my dad, because he had read me the book, and freakin' Disney turned my favorite character, Kaa, not only into a villain but into a *silly* villain. Because obviously a snake couldn't possibly be a positive character; Kaa in the book is just as important a mentor and protector to Mowgli as Baloo and Bagheera.Replies
1) Prince Caspian (Chronicles of Narnia BOOK 2), C.S. LewisReplyDelete
2) Patriot Games, Tom Clancy
Both of my nominations are for the same reason: a fundamental change of character for a main 'tagonist takes me out of the movies.
In Caspian, Peter's actions are so fundamentally against how he thinks and acts in the book that it feels like they forgot that he had years to learn strategy and planning, something the book makes abundantly clear.
And in what I feel is even a worse example, one of the main antagonists in Patriot Games is Miller, who goes from a cold, calculating irish terrorist struggling against his more hot-head tendencies towards a real, if demented, goal, to a straight-up psychopath that, at the end, seems to be killing for killing's sake. Ruined what I thought wasn't a bad movie up 'til that point.Replies
World War Z. WORLD WAR Z. WORLD WAR Z!!!ReplyDelete
Seriously there are so many great options, but World War Z is the first and only book I immediately started rereading after finishing the final page, and what the film did to that novel was a travesty! The actual novel is full of amazing intricacies and world-building created from real-world cultures and politics, and it is obvious that Max Brooks put such a huge amount of research into it that it was clearly a labour of love, and then the film removes all the amazing things from it for a standard zombie film? Awful.
I also want to nominate Carrie by Stephen King. While most of the main story beats made it into the major adaptations (more the recent one than the earlier one), the book features a lot of expanded material explaining her abilities, as well as a much grander scope of the destruction wrought by them.ReplyDelete
I Am Legend by Richard Matheson. Better than all three movie versions.ReplyDelete
The Three MusketeersReplyDelete
John Carter of Mars
Eragon. Do not get me started on that horrible movie.ReplyDelete
Congo - Michael CrichtonReplyDelete
The Mangler - Stephen King
Peter Pan. I love many of the movies, but none truly showcase the novel which is darker than any film adaptationsReplyDelete
A Wrinkle in Time. So far--I have high hopes for the new one.ReplyDelete
The Time Traveler's Wife. Even though I liked the movie quite a bit.
Hm, guess I have a theme going.
The Neverending Story. The book is one of my all-time favorites, but in the movie, the visuals sucked, the acting sucked worse, and they lopped off the ENTIRE SECOND HALF of the story, which was the best part! Should have called it the Ending-Far-Too-Early Story!ReplyDelete
World War Z. What made the book great was the documentary-like presentation, with an interviewer (narrator) who explicitly downplayed his own importance in favour of the interviewees. The stories were varied and with many different viewpoints from all over the world, from army veterans to doctors to common civilians. The book was so intriguing because it truly felt like a documentary of an apocalyptic event. It felt real.ReplyDelete
So naturally, the movie has a predictable, linear, conventional story of a man trying to save his wife and daughter (because we can't ever have it the other way around), and that man is Brad-goddamned-Pitt. Of all possible actors they could have chpsen for the "anonymous" reporter, the one who thought he was the least important factor in the book, they cast Brad Pitt, so you already know the reporter's role has to be expanded to allow him to hog the camera as much as possible.
Additionally, the book's zombies were the slow, lurching kind and this had a LOT to do with how mankind viewed them and dealt with them. They were terrifying because of their relentlessness, not so much their strength. Humans can run but will eventually grow fatigued, worn down by hunger, pain and stress until they can no longer escape. The zombies will keep on advancing, impervious to pain or hunger, never resting.
The lesson mankind thus has to learn is one of patience, persistence and cooperation. Panic and running away will solve nothing, the zombies must be dispatched with a copl, calculated approach. It's a years-long process of rebuilding, showing us that there are no magic solutions to big, societal problems. Starting over means rethinking our old ways and coming up with sustainable, long-term solutions.
In the movie, the zombies are fast, like a tidal wave washing over humanity. There is no time for psychological tension. They don't so much wear you down ovr time as attack in violent bursts, with shock and awe. The movie completely abolishes the lessons learned in the book, of solutions taking a long time for proper rebuilding, and goes with the typical Hollywood approach of simply blowing things up.
In short, everything that made World War Z great was turned on its head in the movie, until the end result didn't resemble it in the slightest. The only thing they have in common is the title. It pains me to think some people may be avoiding the brilliant book because they saw the movie first and think the book must be boring, cliché tripe as well.
1. The Lightning Thief. As a St. Louisan, I had so been looking forward to the kickass scene at the Arch which was summarily deleted.ReplyDelete
2. Every single filmed version of Dracula. Nobody has done it justice yet.
3. Ditto for Little Women.
4. The Hobbit, for which I mourn.Replies
Remains of the day.ReplyDelete
I was surprised how different the movie's approach was. The book is about values, and how the butler found meaning in being a good butler. He suppresses his emotions because that's part of doing his job efficiently. There's an ethic to it. In the movie he just comes across as cold and it changes the entire meaning of the story.
A Prayer for Owen Meany by John Irving—the book was dark and humorous and characteristically Irving, but the movie (Simon Birch, because Irving didn't want the book title applied) just falls short.ReplyDelete
Cell, by Stephen King; andReplyDelete
The Stand, by Stephen King.
I was going to note the Dark Tower by Stephen King, as it's an abomination, but someone beat me to it. Seconded quite a few of the other posts!
Jane Eyre. I loved the Jane Eyre movie, but it's impossible to relay Jane's brilliant internal dialog on screen. No movie will ever capture that complexity in the right way.ReplyDelete
1. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. It managed to capture almost none of the humor of the book.ReplyDelete
2. Marvel's Civil War. They turned the deep questions of vigilantism and power from the graphic novel and replaced it with a weird squabble and convuluting a backstory to make the squabble work.Replies
1. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the GalaxyReplyDelete
2. The Secret Garden
2nd Hitchhiker's GuideReplyDelete
Anna SH said...ReplyDelete
I nominate
- Game of thrones
- Inkheart
- PS I love you
- EVERY SINGLE count of monte christo
Love in the Time of Cholera
Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close
Shane - if you read it you knowReplyDelete
Catch 22
Child 44. They completely change the ending which ruins the whole plot. Bloody good film though.ReplyDelete
Nominating Cat in the Hat (is there a worse movie?) and Ella Enchanted.ReplyDeleteReplies
1. Let the right on in. The film is in no way a bad film. The book is just gorgeous in its many, many voices and its unglorified disgusting cruelty.ReplyDelete
2. The devil wears Prada. The book depicts someone getting increasingly seduced by the system of her workplace with none of her friends or family able to understand. The film is about Merryl Streep being delighfully evil. That's fine, but far less interesting.
Dracula. It hasn't been filmed properly yet.ReplyDelete
Little Women.
1. Princess Bride by William Goldman. I read the book first. Was exited to see the film. Was extremely disappointed. Mind you that was somewhere in the middle of 2000. I guess the eighties vibe didn't help in the matter. At time it feels more like a play than a film. And though the film is generally praised, it could've been so, so much more. It didn't come close to the greatness of the book.ReplyDelete
2. One Flew Over the Cuckoo's nest by Ken Kesey. Again a critically acclaimed film but I just didn't like it. Of course the film is quite different from the book. It's more or less even a different story and I just couldn't bring myself to like Nickholson's character.
Forrest Gump by Winston GroomReplyDelete
I understand the social relevancy of the movie and how the book went overboard blah blah blah. The book was INFINITELY better. He and Jenny got it on like rabbits and I'll never forgive the directors for ruining Lieutenant Dan.
Choke by Chuck Pala...the Fight Club guy.Replies
I second Forrest Gump. That would've been my third choice. And true. In the book Gump wasn't just one "happy accident" after another. He kicked ass and had more personality than his character in the film.Delete
The Sword of Truth series by Terry Goodkind (the tv adaptation is called Legend of the Seeker)ReplyDelete
1. The Fletch books, by Gregory McDonald. All aspiring writers should read and study how McDonald constructs these funny, emotionally complex but sparely written novels. Go and see how he makes a few lines of dialogue do the work of a page of exposition, how he trusts the reader to weave together the economically provided threads of worldbuilding into a tough, beautiful fabric. Read the novels, too. My favourite among them, A World Too Wide.ReplyDelete
2. Howl's Moving Castle, by Diana Wynne Jones. Not to disparage the wonderful Miyazaki adaptation, but the book is far more complex and fascinating.
Hunger Games (the first book). The film isn't that bad as film, but it fails to capture how young the characters actually were, something I believe to be a major thing in the novels.ReplyDelete
Also the Moomin books, though it's a television series and not a movie, to be specific. The problem is that they turned the books, which had a lot of depth and reflection over real life in them and a constant development, into a children's show. I sadly don't think anyone really knows how serious the series (of books) became in the end.
1) The Shining. Stanley Kubriks' film had practically nothing that resembled the book.ReplyDelete
First - The Dark Tower - Stephen KingReplyDelete
Second - The Cider House Rules - John Irving (despite Charlize Theron's amazingly gorgeous back, the movie came nowhere near the novel)
First -- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. Dumbledore's beautiful speech to the students of all the schools is delivered to just Harry in the movie. By doing so, it's impact is lessened.ReplyDelete
Second -- The Once and Future King
The Tale of Despereaux. Adored the book. The movie basically shared a name and an animal. :(ReplyDelete
The Hogfather - no Pratchett adaptation will likely ever do justice.
Seconding The Giver.
1) The Percy Jackson movies were a great disappointment. Among other things, they left out an important minor character (Clarisse) from the first movie and so had to shoehorn her into the next movie. They couldn't even get Annabeth's hair color right.ReplyDelete
2) The Guardians of Ga'Hoole children's book series was distorted into the Legends of the Guardians: Owls of Ga'Hoole movie. The movie is basically the first five books stuffed into a blender, broken down into individual plot points, and then dumped out to produce a sped-up and mixed-around version of a slightly similar plot with characters that have the same names as those in the books. Very disappointing.
3) The Eragon movie was way off, too. Soundtrack was decent, though, but not good enough to redeem the movie.
Just to be contrary, since the movie technically came out first, I nominate:ReplyDelete
Star Trek: The Motion Picture
Novelization by Gene Roddenberry
(based on the screenplay by Harold Livingston and the story by Alan Dean Foster)
The first Star Trek movie is often regarded as one of the worst Trek movies (except possibly Final Frontier with the weird Vulcan taking them to the centre of the galaxy). The book however actually redeems the story, adds useful subplots and insight to the characters (particularly the new ones, Decker and Ilia, but also Spock). It is also often considered canonical since it was written by Star Trek's creator. As the best selling feature, you dont have to sit through the extensive title credits and the prolonged scene where they approach the ship very, very, slowly...
Not sure if this will get seconded since it's a late nomination, but at least wanted to share for people who might not normally read post-production film novelizations.
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.I was really disappointed when they reduced the amount of mayhem the twins left when they left the school.ReplyDelete
1. GAME OF THRONES!!! The books are sooooo much more in depth.ReplyDelete
2. Percy Jackson - The Lightning Thief. The movie - WTF? They changed vital story lines to make it more "Hollywood'.
Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince.ReplyDelete
Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief.
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