text:
Theresa Robertson's bedside oxygen alarm sounded at 2:52 a.m., sending an urgent beep through the South Shore Hospital emergency room.
The alarm came as something of a surprise. The 46-year-old visual artist from Weymouth, who suffered from diabetes, congestive heart failure, and other serious health problems, had arrived at the nearby community hospital complaining of shortness of breath the previous afternoon. But by midnight, her vital signs were stable and she was resting peacefully.
Now, in the wee hours of Oct. 11, 2010, a new, more serious problem emerged. Four minutes after nurses responded to the oxygen alarm, Robertson had no pulse. The staff began pushing on her chest, racing to keep her alive.
The cause of Robertson's crisis, it would later be learned, was a precipitous drop in her blood glucose — severe hypoglycemia. The deadly turn was the result of a medication error, lawyers for her family say, and that error can be traced in part to a major innovation in modern medical practice: electronic health records.
President Obama and Congress poured $30 billion in taxpayer subsidies into the push for digital medical records beginning in 2009, with only a few strings attached and no safety oversight of the vendors who sell the systems.
The move was touted as a way to improve patient care and help rein in medical costs. Five years later, the explosion in the use of the electronic records has created the potential for efficiencies and safety benefits but also new risks for patients, the scope of which still is not fully understood.
RELATED | Laurence H. Tribe: A death blow for Obamacare?
Academics, policy gurus, health care leaders, and patient safety advocates generally agree that the American medical system has long needed to abandon its old paper charts and catch up with the rest of the digital age. For instance, wider use of bar-coding in hospitals, matching patient wristbands with the drugs they are given, is creating a safer environment, specialists say.
But the scramble by doctors and hospitals to cash in on the incentives has thrust complex, balky, unwieldy, and error-prone computer systems into highly sensitive clinical settings at a record pace. From 2008 to 2013, the percent of US doctor's offices with electronic health records rose from 17 to 48 percent. Growth in hospitals was even more dramatic, from 13 to 70 percent.
The scope and pace of change has been far beyond the capacity of medical institutions and government regulators to track, many officials and health care safety advocates agree.
Yet, facing staunch resistance to any regulation by the politically influential health records industry, the Obama administration has opted against mandatory reporting that would enable officials to track unsafe conditions, injuries, and deaths relating to these systems — to draw lessons, that is, from the tragedies of patients such as Theresa Robertson.
In her case, nurses gave her an excessive amount of insulin with three injections, over about two hours, that sent her glucose levels plummeting, her family alleges in a lawsuit.
Multiple orders issued
The nurses were acting in response to multiple orders for insulin that had been entered into two separate prescribing systems used by the hospital — one digital, one involving paper and a fax — and were listed under the names of different doctors, the lawyers said.
"The root cause is having two different systems that weren't interacting with each other. It creates human error," said Nicholas Cappiello, a malpractice lawyer at Lubin & Meyer in Boston who represents the family. "Essentially, the right hand didn't know what the left hand was doing."
South Shore Hospital said it stands behind the care it provided to Robertson. A spokeswoman for the Weymouth hopsital, said it is not accurate to claim that the use of electronic and paper health records at the same time was the "central issue" in the case, but she refused to discuss any details of the incident, citing requirements for patient confidentiality.
The hospital, pointing to the ongoing litigation, also declined to say what actions it had taken in the wake of Robertson's death, including whether any doctors or nurses were disciplined.
Numerous adverse and even tragic incidents such as Robertson's insulin overdose have been traced to errors related to electronic records.
One study of malpractice claims published this year, by safety researchers for a Harvard-affiliated malpractice insurance group, CRICO, produced an unsettling snapshot of the problem. The researchers sifted through a large database of malpractice claims from Boston and other health care centers around the country, looking for cases in which the use or misuse of electronic heath records was suspected of causing harm.
They found 147 instances in which electronic health records contributed to "adverse events" that affected patients — half of them designated as serious. The cases were culled from a one-year period of newly filed malpractice claims overlapping 2012 and 2013, a total pool of around 5,700 cases.
Forty-six of those events resulted in patient death, CRICO officials told the Globe — a toll that before now has not been disclosed publicly.
RELATED: South Shore Hospital cleared in deaths of two women after childbirth
Faulty use of "hybrid" paper and electronic records (the sort of confusion-inducing circumstance at South Shore Hospital that is alleged by lawyers for Robertson's family) was among the most frequently cited examples of harm in the review.
The analysts also identified as hazards: medical staff entering incorrect data; improper use of a computer's "cut-and-paste" function to duplicate, without updating, daily notes on patients; and computer crashes that caused loss of data and left medical staff temporarily without access to critical records.
The study bolstered findings of an earlier review by a medical quality and safety group, the nonprofit ECRI Institute, which ranked electronic data hazards as the No. 1 patient safety concern for 2014. The Pennsylvania-based nonprofit analyzed voluntary reports of 171 events in 36 hospitals across the country — most causing harm to patients but also many "near misses."
That study period spanned just nine weeks.
At least three of the 171 cases were suspected or confirmed to have resulted in a patient's death.
Such devastating errors can be triggered not only by computer glitches that generate flawed information but also through human error compounded by poor systems design and sloppy implementation, both supporters and critics of the federal program told the Globe.
The systems can be complex, time-draining, and frustrating to use, especially early on. Hospital staff members routinely override automatic warnings, cut corners, and develop "workarounds" as they struggle to balance caring for patients with the demands of cumbersome drop-down menus and other forms that appear on their computer screens.
RELATED | Andrew Dreyfus: The last health care reform optimist
Savings not fully realized
This was not part of the promise when the Obama administration won passage of the massive subsidy program as part of the economic stimulus package in 2009. White House officials sold the concept with claims that widespread use of computers in hospitals and doctors' offices would improve patient care and save tens of billions of dollars a year.
While making sense intuitively, those claims have yet to be realized, and the estimates of cost savings have thus far turned out to be dramatically overblown. What has become clear to specialists in the field is that medical errors and "near misses" related to digital records — many inconsequential, but some serious — are a threat that needs more attention.
In 2011, the Institute of Medicine said the lack of a central repository for reporting error-prone software, patient injuries, and deaths, combined with nondiclosure and confidentiality clauses in vendor contracts, "pose unacceptable risks to safety."
It strongly recommended that the Obama administration mandate that vendors report "deaths, serious injuries, and unsafe conditions" to a centralized, government-designated entity. Such reports should be made available to the public, it said, without information that would identify individual patients and providers.
Three years later, no such reporting system exists.
The Food and Drug Administration, along with the Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT, the division of the Department of Health and Human Services in charge of distributing the subsidies for digital records systems, said in April that they do not intend to exercise safety oversight of clinical record-keeping or of computer systems that manage prescriptions. Nor do they plan to impose a system of mandatory death and injury reporting.
Voluntary reporting of adverse events to private safety associations, with no public disclosure, will remain the norm, the agencies said.
The industry — while supporting voluntary reporting systems — contends that mandatory reporting of injuries and death would discourage medical staff from revealing mistakes, for fear of repercussions.
RELATED: Reports find deficiencies in health care law enrollments
"We have felt that reporting by both providers and vendors should be voluntary. That is most consistent with the notion of a learning environment," said Mark Segal, the current chairman of the Electronic Health Records Association, a leading industry trade group, and a vice president at GE Healthcare, which markets digital records systems.
But critics say the government's hands-off approach is wrong. It's as though, they say, jetliner pilots were flying in poorly designed cockpits with malfunctioning equipment, and repeatedly slamming into mountains, while the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Transportation Safety Board decided not to regulate — or even keep a list of the crashes and near misses.
"There's certainly got to be a focus on safety that currently does not exist," said Ross Koppel, an adjunct professor of sociology at the University of Pennsylvania who has studied the systems extensively and whose warnings about patient harm have been published in respected academic journals. "You don't have to kill somebody to know that the accelerator pedal is sticking."
Records system vendors have insisted that academic studies analyzing safety issues be "blinded" so dangers are not publicly linked to specific systems, said Dr. David Bates, executive director of the Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice at Brigham and Women's Hospital and a leading member of a government advisory panel. Bates is a foremost advocate for digital records adoption, but he is critical of the industry on key points regarding hazards reporting.
RELATED: Medical records at your fingertips
"Vendors have resisted in sharing of screen shots, and screen shots of safety issues," Bates said in an interview with the Globe. "Vendors have blocked that."
What information does trickle outside the walls of hospitals and executive suites is in the limited form of malpractice claims and internal hospital reviews following adverse events — reviews that are typically shrouded in confidentiality but are sometimes disclosed in litigation.
Health care authorities urgently need to fill in the blanks, said Dr. Alan Brookstone, a physician and cofounder of a service that rates the performance of digital records systems.
"Is this technology doing the job right? Is it doing it safely and accurately?" he said. "There's almost like a missing link."
Government-funded change
Multibillion-dollar subsidies for electronic health records were part of a campaign promise Barack Obama made during the 2008 campaign. Installing the systems, he said, was crucial to reforming the health care system.
The goal was to make sure "medical records are actually on computers,'' Obama said in an October 2008 debate against Republican John McCain, "instead of you filling forms out in triplicate when you go to the hospital. That will reduce medical errors and reduce costs.''
The president's call for change was rooted in digital innovations that began in Boston a half-century ago but failed to keep pace with the rest of the modern economy.
MIT and Harvard scientists experimented with computers to facilitate patient care and speed access to patient information at Massachusetts General Hospital in the 1960s, with government grants from the National Institutes of Health. They built rudimentary systems that transmitted data at the agonizingly slow rate of 10 characters per second.
By the 1990s and early 2000s, hospitals across the country used fast and modern computer systems for patient billing and administration. But the use of electronic records for tracking patient care and prescribing lagged. Thick paper files dominated clinical practice, even as other sectors of the American economy went digital.
Blame for the slow pace of change is often traced to simple economics: Doctors and hospitals had and largely still have little business incentive to become more efficient in the way they deliver care. Under traditional fee-for-service models, they just send bills to insurance companies or to Medicare and Medicaid, the big government entitlement programs.
Any savings or efficiencies would benefit the insurers paying the bills — not the providers. So why should providers invest hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars in computer record management systems?
RELATED | Kent Greenfield: The Supreme Court's subterfuge
"Computerization in health care was a market failure," said Dr. Robert Wachter, a physician and medical school professor at the University of California, San Francisco. "The idea that you would need a federal incentive program to get United Airlines to computerize or Walmart to computerize is laughable."
In Washington, a groundswell built in the 2000s to solve that market failure with billions in federal cash, led by lawmakers such as the late Senator Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts.
Researchers, including a cadre of digital medicine gurus in Boston, argued that electronic health records were a prerequisite of health care market reforms.
Among the most prominent of these academics was Harvard professor David Blumenthal, the former head of health information systems at Partners Healthcare — the corporate parent of Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital and the umbrella group for the biggest health care network in Massachusetts.
Blumenthal advised Obama on health care policy during the 2008 presidential campaign. He co-authored Obama's campaign forecast that wiring the health care economy and other reforms would save the "typical American family" $2,500 a year.
Soon after the election, Blumenthal went to work for the Obama administration. He became head of the Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT, putting him in charge of deciding how to dole out the $30 billion in subsidies that Democrats pushed through in early 2009 as part of the $787 billion economic stimulus package.
Individual physicians can receive up to $44,000 over five years for installing the systems and showing they meet minimum performance standards. Hospitals get between $2 million and $6.3 million. That's the carrot. The stick is a system of financial penalties, in the form of reduced Medicare reimbursements, for providers who are not operating on the new systems after 2015.
The overriding consideration at the time was getting the computer systems in place, not regulatory oversight, because most academics and industry officials believed the computers would enhance safety, Blumenthal said in an interview.
"The overwhelming evidence was that electronic health records improve safety, and I still think that is going to be the case," he said.
RELATED | Steven Syre: Code book changes put hospitals in bureaucratic bind
Blumenthal, who returned to Harvard in 2011 and now runs the Commonwealth Fund, a health policy foundation in New York, likened challenges encountered in the massive launch of electronic health records to the early days of President Dwight Eisenhower's plan to lace the country with interstate highways.
"If you had gone and looked at the Eisenhower highway system in 1959, it was nowhere near completion," he said. "Road safety was inadequate. The cars on it were polluting and dangerous."
Obama and the Democrats, meanwhile, have received support from heavy-hitting campaign contributors from the digital records industry, some of which has been reported in the news media and by conservative bloggers.
They include:
Paul Egerman, an entrepreneur from Weston who founded and sold two digital health care companies, has contributed heavily to Democrats and is a "bundler" of campaign donations who raised money for Obama's reelection in 2012. He serves on a key administration advisory panel for health records, the Health IT Policy Committee.
Egerman hosted a fund-raiser featuring the president at his Weston home in June, benefiting the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee. Egerman did not respond to a request for comment.
Judith Faulkner, the chief executive of Epic Systems, which makes the software used by the most physician offices in America, is a longtime supporter of Congressional Democrats, including Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren. She contributed to Obama's first presidential campaign and also served on the Health IT Policy Committee, alongside Egerman, advising Blumenthal and his successors. Faulkner declined a request for an interview.
Glen Tullman, the former chief executive of digital health records company Allscripts, based in Chicago, was a major Democratic contributor and technology adviser to Obama's 2008 campaign. Tullman began contributing to Obama's political campaigns in 2004; business profiles of Tullman have reported how he worked out at the same gym and played basketball with the future president. Tullman did not respond to a request for comment.
Inside the White House, Obama brought on board a key health care adviser with strong ties to the electronic records industry.
RELATED: Health data industry fights FDA oversight
Nancy Ann DeParle, a former Clinton administration official, spent eight years on the board of e-records company Cerner, from 2001 to 2009.
In the three years before she quit the Cerner board to join the administration in 2009, Cerner paid her $591,000 in cash and company stock. In an interview, DeParle pointed out that she arrived in the administration after the $30 billion in incentives had already been passed by Congress.
Doctors' software struggles
As the Obama administration settled into Washington, the influence of the health records industry trade organization, the Health Information Management System Society, and its offshoot, the Electronic Health Records Association, quickly grew.
Their representatives said in interviews that the rapid growth of digital records in physician offices and hospitals since 2009 is solid proof the Obama incentives worked. Sales of such systems are expected to grow another 7.1 percent next year and reach $9.3 billion by the end of 2015, according to tech consulting firm Accenture.
"All of the concerns and issues that need to be addressed need to be balanced out against that kind of fundamental success," said Segal, the GE Healthcare executive who is chairman of the Electronic Health Records Association. "The landscape has entirely changed."
But surveys show many physicians are unhappy with that landscape. One large poll of doctors showed an increase in those who were "very dissatisfied" with their digital systems grew from 11 percent in 2010 to 21 percent in 2012. The number in the same survey who said they were "satisfied" dropped from 39 percent to 27 percent.
Medical professionals told the Globe in interviews that they don't want to go back to paper charts — computers are better.
But they also want computer systems that work better.
"These are not programs that you would see Steve Jobs designing. It's very nonintuitive. I can't figure out where to find key pieces of information," said Darshak Sanghavi, a Massachusetts pediatric cardiologist and fellow at the Brookings Institution.
At his 10-physician family practice in Hamilton and two other North Shore towns, Dr. Hugh Taylor, an early adopter of the digital records and a big supporter, said even he finds them frustrating to use — with complex drop-down menus for prescriptions and multiple boxes listing symptoms to check. Physicians struggling with the software, he said, call it "death by a thousand clicks."
But vendors have not had a strong incentive to improve, Taylor said, because once physicians purchase a system and have all their old patient data entered into the computers, they are stuck, with little ability to shop around and switch because of technical and financial barriers.
RELATED: Rollout of new medical billing system has some on edge
The number of companies selling such systems to physicians has skyrocketed to more than 700 — making picking the right system difficult for busy physicians.
"There's a lot of fly-by-night health information companies who started an electronic health record product to reap government subsidies," said Dan Haley, vice president for government affairs and a registered lobbyist for athenahealth inc., a health IT company in Watertown. "This is a rich pot of money put on the table."
Some worry many of those companies will go out of business once the incentives run dry.
David Brailer, former president George W. Bush's health records czar and a staunch advocate for the electronic records systems, said the Obama stimulus money turned a market that was growing organically, if more slowly, into a "Frankenstein."
"It's a government-funded bubble," Brailer said. "What do we do for doctors who bought (in under) the subsidy program and now their vendor is not around?"
Congress triggered another lobbying flurry when, in 2012, it told the Department of Health and Human Services to come up with a regulatory framework for digital records, and the department convened a working group to study the issue.
The panel turned out to be loaded with industry representatives, including executives from Cerner and Philips Healthcare, two of the largest digital records vendors. The result was predictable, one participant said: industry domination.
"The whole show was pretty much directed by a lot of these people who are in the field, the industry people,'' said Mary Mastenbrook, a former FDA medical device safety investigator who volunteered as a consumer representative on the workgroup.
The workgroup recommended in September 2013 that the FDA and the Office of National Coordinator for Health IT maintain their hands-off approach to regulating electronic health records. It added that workgroup members "generally endorse" mandatory reporting. But that was only mentioned in passing — in a tiny footnote — buried on the bottom of the 42d slide of a PowerPoint presentation.
In April, the FDA and ONC came out with proposed regulatory framework. The recommendation for mandatory adverse event reporting, sought three years ago by the Institute of Medicine, was nowhere to be found. The current national coordinator for Health IT, Karen DeSalvo, declined to explain why mandatory reporting was left out.
"It's a draft," she said.
The FDA also did not answer when asked why it did not adopt mandatory reporting. It said the voluntary system it proposed will permit the government to assemble the necessary data.
Deadly errors, costly fixes
Some major errors relating to computerized medical records have found their way into headlines. In Chicago, a pharmacy technician typed incorrect information into a computer, resulting in the death of a premature baby boy who was injected with excessive sodium chloride.
In Rhode Island in 2011, a hospital network said 2,000 patients might have been given ordinary doses of medication, when they were supposed to receive time-release versions. No injuries were reported.
But most reports do not receive media attention. The CRICO study of incidents was released this year in a relatively obscure journal, Patient Safety and Quality Healthcare.
It lists the myriad ways electronic records contributed to errors that affected patient care. A history of an aneurysm was left out of a patient's record during a conversion from paper files to digital. The aneurysm burst and the patient died during a subsequent procedure because the physician was unaware of the history.
A medical staff member accidently opened up the wrong patient file — something that is fairly easy to do, say specialists — and ordered up medication for a different person. A computer crash causes nursing notes for an entire shift to vanish.
When Theresa Robertson went to the emergency room at South Shore Hospital in October 2010, she had a voluminous medical history, dating back to when she developed insulin-dependent diabetes as a young child.
She was legally blind. She had received a transplanted kidney, donated by her sister, a few years earlier. She had congestive heart failure. She had coronary artery disease with a bypass. She had peripheral vascular disease with chronic ulcers on her left heel and ankle.
Multiple illnesses complex
Seriously sick people with multiple ailments create extra complexity for those using computerized medical records — with multiple screens to scroll through, long lists of medications, and numerous test results.
"The more complex the case, the more confusing the picture that electronic health record screens will present,'' said Scot Silverstein, a health IT expert and safety activist who advises malpractice lawyers. "All it takes is one mistake in a complex and frail patient to seriously harm them or kill them.''
According to a narrative provided in legal documents by Robertson's lawyers, the quantity of insulin she received in the South Shore Hospital caused a "severe hypoglycemic episode.''
Medical staff managed to get her heart started after her cardiac arrest, but it was too late. She was diagnosed with a shortage of glucose supply to the brain that caused serious brain damage.
Medical staff transferred Robertson from the emergency room to the intensive care unit, where she remained in a vegetative state. Family members, who declined to be interviewed, decided to withdraw life support.
She died Oct. 17, six days after arriving in the emergency room for shortness of breath.
For its electronic health records, South Shore Hospital contracted with two outside vendors: Meditech, a Westwood company that is among the largest in the industry and was co-founded by one of the early Mass. General researchers in the field, and DrFirst, a Maryland company that markets electronic prescribing software.
Both companies declined to respond to questions about the Robertson family claims.
In a promotional video filmed 11 months before Robertson arrived at the hospital, DrFirst's chief strategy officer, Massachusetts cardiologist Dr. Thomas Sullivan, discussed South Shore as an example of institutions that were building new information systems in response to the $30 billion in government incentives.
"I have to admit, they've been catalyzed by the availability of billions of dollars now that we've never had before this past year,'' Sullivan said.
"If there's anything that makes people stand up and get interested in modernizing their health information technology,'' he said, "it's the sight and sound and the smell of funds from the government.''
Related coverage:
• Honoring a once-scorned voice for medical openness
• Comparing doctors can be daunting, poll says
• Laurence H. Tribe: A death blow for Obamacare?
• Andrew Dreyfus: The last health care reform optimist
• Kent Greenfield: The Supreme Court's subterfuge
Tracy Jan of the Globe staff contributed to this report. Christopher Rowland can be reached at crowland@globe- .com. Follow him on Twitter @GlobeRowland.


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Autumn marks the new school year, business year and CMIS year
It's that time again. Autumn and the new school year and we are about to take another major step with CMIS, the Content Management Interoperability Services proposed standard at OASIS, and we will be that much closer to having CMIS become an official standard. As of today, a majority of the technical committee has voted to put the CMIS specification to public review with zero no votes.I was recently reminded that I wrote about the public introduction of CMIS around the same time last year. This was the time that IBM, Microsoft and EMC decided it was time to announce the Content Management Interoperability Services that they started October 2006 and release it to OASIS to become an official standard. At that time Alfresco was fortunate enough to have been involved in the process for the previous year before joining the original three, along with Open Text, BEA and SAP. For the year before that, IBM, Microsoft and EMC broke away from AIIM iECM committee to speed up a process that itself had been going since Autumn 2005. Much of the groundwork was laid with iECM and the parallel, but Java-focused JSR-283 committee. All in all, this will not be a fly-by-night standard, but a standard that has been carefully deliberated, considered and grounded in real world use cases.
This last year has seen the number of vendors participating increase substantially with plenty of beneficial results. We have had a few face to face meetings that have triggered some great collaboration in a very competitive industry. The number of eyes looking at the spec has increased, but so have the minds contributing new ideas and expertise. SAP presented real world requirements that needed security in the form of ACLs, so something that we had been willing to punt on before, we added in. Microsoft, IBM, SAP and other owners of search engines participated in a working group to define APIs to get changes to a repository to keep search indexing up to date. Also, Day and Nuxeo set up an Apache project to share Java API and SPI components along with Gabriele Columbro from Alfresco and our friends at SourceSense. David Caruana, Alfresco's chief architect, contributed interfaces to handle renditions and specifically thumbnail previews.
More importantly, committee members were building real life implementations of the specification at each stage to really test its implementability and completeness. As Ethan Gur-esh from Microsoft once said, "I relish the fact that CMIS is retrospective." It can work with existing repositories, not be overly prescriptive, but still describe a powerful content application platform. Regular plug-fests ensured that the systems interoperated with each other. This alone distinguishes it from all other content management standardization initiatives - real life integration matching the current state of the specification. Dave Caruana's Java test harness, now in Chemistry, provided a tool for other vendors to test the completeness of their server implementations.
Developers started creating new applications based upon the early specs, such as CMIS Spaces and CMIS Explorer, which tested its usability as a platform interface for content-centric applications. CMIS's initial focus on real-life use cases has so far paid off as the level of functionality seems to match new applications being built and existing applications integrate content management capability, such as Drupal, Joomla and Confluence have with Alfresco through CMIS. I certainly encouraged anyone who wanted to integrate with Alfresco to do so using CMIS.
Today, unless some catastrophic event occurs, CMIS will go into public review. This is the last step in OASIS before becoming an official standard. As the process is laid out, it could take a maximum of 6 months for completion of the step and CMIS becoming a standard. It also means that only typos and minor corrections will change in the spec, currently at version 0.7. The determination of the spec leads, David Choy from EMC as Chairman and Al Brown from IBM and Ethan Gur-esh from Microsoft as Editors, has ensured that we got to this point and they have done an excellent job marshalling the process along. Everyone on the committee seems determined to see this to as speedy a completion as possible. It seems likely that CMIS will become a standard in the first quarter of 2010. I can't see anything getting in the way of this other than the US government disapproving or Google, whichever is more powerful. All the rest of the major players backing the standard. (Craig Randall, formerly of EMC Documentum, just popped up at the last call representing Adobe.)
Being the eternal optimist, I have very high hopes for CMIS, but I believe I have reason to be optimistic. I have seen it before first hand with SQL. Without vendor lock-in, it will now be possible to build content-rich applications that can run against many different systems. Customers will be able to move content from repository to another. It will be much easier to find stuff in random repositories without having to build multiple connectors. As the breadth of applications and utilities becomes available against these repositories, usage and deployment of content repositories will become more widespread and grow a much bigger pie for all vendors. As Alan Pelz-Sharpe reports in CMS Watch, CMIS is already gaining traction in 15% of AIIM members before it has reached standard status.
I'm really looking forward to this new year!

subset: commoncrawl


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KENSINGTON, Md., -- "Shopping for a prom dress is very stressful," says Ruth Silverstein.
She thought shopping online for her daughter Tanya's dress would be a breeze.
Silverstein says, "She could look at this dress and say, 'This is exactly what I want. And, they're going to make it exactly to my size.'"
They clicked onto fabhomecomingdress.com, found prom dresses discounted up to 60 percent, and placed an order.
"It was $200 or so," Ruth Silverstein says.
What they got was a poorly crafted gown made with inferior materials.
"The whole thing is kind of off centered, ahh, the pleats are really poorly sewn," says Tanya Silverstein.
Ruth didin't have much success when she tried to contact the company by emailor through the website.
She ended up buying a completely different dress from a local retailer.
"If a website is offering a dress that's exactly, exactly like another dress that sells for $600 somewhere else and they're offering it to you for $200, they're telling you that they're going to make alterations. Well, that's just not reasonable," says WUSA 9 Call For Action partner Shirley Rooker.
Tanya wasn't the only one with a stolen prom princess moment.
"I had to get it taken in in the back about maybe like an inch and half, two inches. Also, the buttons that secure the top are strings, so I was really nervous it could come off at any moment," says Giselle Gamero.
Lori Amsellem says she never received the $268 prom dress for her daughter.
So, she took a gamble and ordered a second prom dress from a different knockoff website. When it did arrive, she says, "Couldn't pull it up because the material on the inside that they lined it with has no give, very stiff."
She had to buy more material, create a corset, and tie her daughter, Felice, into the dress.
All of the moms spent more money to have the shoddy dresses either replaced, redesigned, or resewn.
"You are risking it because getting a refund from some of these companies may be impossible," Shirley Rooker says.
Your best bet is to go with a reputable prom dress site. Also, check for complaints, check the return policies, and make sure you can talkwith someone before you buy a thing.


text:
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text:
2pac:Picture Me Rollin'
|"Picture Me Rollin'"
|All Eyez on Me (1996)
Yeah -- clear enough for ya? (Is that right?)
(Hahahahaha) Yeah
(Hehehehe) Why niggaz look mad? (Is that right?)
Y'all supposed to be happy I'm free!
Y'all niggaz look like y'all wanted me to stay in jail, hahah!
Hoe bustaz
Picture me rollin in my 500 Benz
I got no love for these niggaz, there's no need to be friends
They got me under surveillance, that's what somebody be tellin
Know there's dope bein sold, but +I+ ain't the one sellin!
Don't want to be another number
I got a fuckin gang of weed to keep from goin under
The federales wanna see me dead - niggaz put prices on my head
Now I got two Rottwillers by me bed, I feed em lead
Now I'm released, how will I live? Will God forgive me
for all the dirt a nigga did, to feed kids?
One life to live, it's so hard to be positive
when niggaz shootin at your crib
Mama, I'm still thuggin, the world is a war zone
My homies is inmates, and most of them dead wrong
Full grown, finally a man, just scheamin on ways
to put some green inside the palms of my empty hands
Just picture me rollin
Flossin a Benz on rims that isn't stolen
My dreams is censored, my hopes are gone
I'm like a fiend that finally sees when all the dope is gone
My nerves is wrecked, heart beatin and my hands is swollen
thinkin of the G's I'll be holdin, picture me rollin
Can you see me now? Heheheh
Move to the side a little bit so you can get a CLEAR picture
Can you see it? Hahah
Pictue me rollin
Yeah nigga!
Ay but peep how my nigga Syke do it to you
Guess who's back?
I got ki's, comin from overseas
Cost a nigga two hundred G's
I'm a street comando, Nino for example
This lavish lifestyle is hard to handle
So I got to floss cause I'm more like a boss playa
Thug, branded to be a women layer
So mny playa haters, imitaters steady swangin
Make me wanna start back bangin
So I'm caught up in the game, dress code changed
Packin forty glocks, contain em or rearrange
All that jealousy and envy comin from my enemies
While I'm sippin on Re-mi
in front of black Lexus, Chevy's on the roam
Ninety-six big body, sittin on chrome
As we head up out the zone, stone-facin is on
You can admire, but don't look too long
I'm livin a dream with triple beams and my pockets bulgin
It's hard to imagine -- picture me rollin!
[Danny Boy]
Picture, picture me, picture me rollin
Rollin, picture me rollin
Wheelin, picture me rollin in
Picture me yea yeah
Mmm, I gots to get the fuck up in it, formulate a caper
Cause a nigga straight sufferin from lack of havin paper
My bitch fin' to have a bastard, see?
So I needs to hit a lick, drastically
I see some baldin-ass niggaz and they slippin in my spot
And, uh, diggin the plots (so what?)
Checkin in the park, 'Pac
We caught em sleepin, he didn't peep you niggaz creepin?
This how we do it every weekend
I dump for madness, it's time to count the profit
CPO, we got the bomb spot, nigga time to clock it
I get the liquor, and you could get the females
This crooked shit that we inflictin gettin street sales
Move smooth as a motherfucker, me and my nine
I'm as cool as a motherfucker, I'ma get mine
Now we satisfied, got the pockets on swollen
Boss Hog and this 'Pac nigga... picture us rollin
[Danny Boy]
Picture me roll-hoee-ollin
Picture me, picture me rollin
[2Pac] {speaks while Danny Boy keeps singing}
Is y'all ready for me?
Picture me rollin roll call
You know there's some muh'fuckers out there I just could not forget about
I wanna make sure they can see me
Number one on my list: Clinton Correctional Facilities
All you bitch ass C.O.'s
Can you niggaz see me from there?
Ballin on y'all punk ass, ahhaahahah!
Picture me rollin, baby
Yeah, all them niggaz up in them cell blocks
I told y'all niggaz when I come home it's on
Hmm, that's right nigga, picture me rollin
Oh, I forgot! The D.A.
Yeah, that bitch had a lot to talk about in court
Can the hoe see me from here?
Can you see me, hoe?
Picture me rollin
And all you punk police -- can you see me?
Am I clear to you?
Picture me rollin nigga, legit
Free like O.J. all day
You can't stop me
You know I got my niggaz up in this motherfucker
Manute, Pain, Syke, ?, Mopreme, ??
Can you picture us rollin?
Can you see me hoe? Hehehe
Is y'all ready for me? .. We up out this bitch
Any time y'all wanna see me again
Rewind this track right here, close your eyes
and picture me rollin


text:
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[223 U.S. 524, 525] Solicitor General Lehmann, the late Solicitor General Bowers, and Mr. Barton Corneau, Special Assistant to the Attorney General, for appellant.
[223 U.S. 524, 527] Messrs. James Piper, Francis K. Carey, and A. A. Hoehling, Jr., for appellees.
Mr. Chief Justice White delivered the opinion of the court:
Whether or not the United States is responsible in damages because of a refusal to permit the carrying out of an alleged contract made with a copartnership, the Ellicott Machine Company, who are appellees, for the construction for the Isthmian Canal Company of six steel dump barges, is the issue here required to be decided. From a judgment for $10,000, entered in the court of claims, in favor of the Ellicott Machine Company, because of the refusal referred to, the United States took this appeal.
It will conduce to a clear understanding of the controversy to fully summarize the facts found below, and we proceed to do so.
After two unsuccessful attempts to procure satisfactory proposals for the construction and delivery of the six steel dump barges, the Isthmian Canal Commission, by advertisement and specifications, dated May 29, 1906, invited the proposals which culminated in the making of the alleged contract. One of the clauses of the advertisement reads as follows:
... * *
In the specifications, among other things, it was recited as follows:
... * *
As shown by an excerpt in the margin, the weight and
Floor beams forward and aft of the hoppers and in the rake should not be less than 10" deep, and extended in one piece to the turn of the bilges. They will be spaced 24" center to center. Frames to be not less than 3 1/2" x 5 3/8", angles overlapping the floors not less than 18", and connected with them and to floor beams with proper gusset plates. Bilges to be of as short radius as it is practicable to bend the angles and plates.
In addition to the transverse bulkheads mentioned above, there will be a watertight bulkhead at each end of each rake.
Transverse water-tight bulkheads will be made of 10.2 pound plate with double-riveted lap joints, stiffened with vertical angle bars 3" x 3" x 5 1/6", spaced 2" apart, except that the plates forming the ends of the hoppers will be of 21-pound plate, stiffened with 4" x 4" x 3/8" angle bars, spaced 2' apart.
In the space forward and aft of the hoppers there should be a central longitudinal bulkhead of 10.2 pound plate, fastened at the top of the floor beams and deck beams by 4" x 4" x 3/8" angle; it will be stiffened by vertical 3" x 3" x 5 1/16" angles, spaced 2' apart. This bulkhead should extend from the hoppers to each end of the barges.
In addition to this bulkhead there will be 2 longitudinal lattice trusses, one on each side, midway from the center bulkhead to the side of the hull. They will have top and bottom cord of 3" x 3" x 5/16" angles, riveted to each floor and deck beam, lattice bars to be 3" x 3" x 5/16" angles made in double panels, and joined top and bottom with proper gusset plates with not less than 3 rivets in each landing. These trusses will extend from the hoppers to the rake.
In the rake there should be a 3" x 3" x 3/8" angle stanchion secured to each deck beam and floor timber on line with the said trusses.
Deck beams to be of 5" x 3/8" Z bars spaced one to each frame, each beam to be attached to its frame by 5/16" gusset.
Gunwales to be not less than 4 1/2" x 4 1/2" x 7/16" angle running inside the side plating and below the deck. [223 U.S. 524, 533] dimensions of the structural materials were prescribed with much detail under the head of 'Framing.' In reply to this advertisement, appellee submitted a proposal to construct the desired barges, 'subject to specifications of circular 310-C, with such modifications as are here shown on drawing No. 2105, dated June 7, submitted herewith.' The plan referred to, as so submitted, showed the outline of a barge 101 feet 4 inches long, 30 feet wide, and 10 feet 6 inches in height, and a note on it read as follows:
After examination of the bids by F. B. Maltby, division engineer on the Canal Zone, that official returned the bids to the general purchasing officer of the Commission [223 U.S. 524, 534] in Washington, accompanied by a letter dated June 26, 1906. Therein, among other things, Mr. Maltby said: 'It is noted that the drawing submitted by the Ellicott Machine Works does not show any detail, as required by the specifications. It is assumed, however (and we should insist on it), that the framing will be in strict accordance with our specifications.' A sketch was inclosed 'showing the desired arrangement of the hinges on the hopper doors and the method of securing timber lining to hoppers,' and various suggestions were made explanatory of the details shown on this sketch. Thereupon D. W. Ross, purchasing officer, prepared and transmitted to the Ellicott firm a draft of contract for the construction and delivery of the barges, but it was returned with the suggestion that article 1 thereof be rewritten, so as to provide for the construction of--
In the letter returning said draft of contract, it was stated that--
Claimant also, at the request of said Ross, addressed [223 U.S. 524, 535] a letter, dated July 27, 1906, to Maltby, in which it submitted--
In said letter, this statement also was made:
The alleged contract, the subject of this controversy, was then executed, F. P. Shonts, chairman of the Commission, signing for the party of the first part. Following a recital that 'the Isthmian Canal Commission, for and on behalf of the United States of America, and the said Ellicott Machine Company, had covenanted and agreed, to and with each other, as follows.' The first article of the contract was inserted, reading as follows:
It was provided in article 3 as follows: [223 U.S. 524, 536] 'Article 3. That the party of the first part, by its duly authorized agent, shall have the right to inspect at any time during the process of construction of these barges, any and all material and workmanship used, or to be used, in said construction, and such inspection of said barges, and of the material used, or to be used, in the construction thereof, and of the workmanship thereon, may be made by the party of the first part, or its duly authorized agent, at any place where said materials may be found, and at the place of coustruction of said barges. In addition to the above, when said barges, or either of them, are pronounced by the party of the second part to be completed and ready for final inspection, such inspection may be made by the party of the first part, by its duly authorized agent, at the place or places where such barges, or either of them, have been constructed, such inspection being for the purpose of determining whether the same, or either of them, meet the requirements set forth in the letters, specifications, and blue print mentioned in article 1 hereof, and all of said inspections, whether preliminary or final, the party of the first part, by its duly authorized agent, shall have the right to reject any and all material used, or to be used, in the construction of said barges, or either of them, or in the workmanship thereon, when, in the judgment of the party of the first part, by its duly authorized agent, the same or any part thereof, does not conform to the requirements above mentioned.'
In article 8, among other things it was provided as follows:
By article 9 it was agreed that payment would be made of the stipulated price for the six barges 'upon their construction and delivery in accordance with the terms of this contract and the papers attached hereto.' [223 U.S. 524, 537] It was provided in the last article of the contract as follows:
Two days after the execution of the contract, claimants presented to the government inspector of dredges a list of materials intended to be used by them in the construction of said barges, but upon examination of said list it was found by said inspector of dredges that the dredges which the claimants proposed to construct were different from those described in circular letter and specifications 310-C, set forth in the petition, the principal component parts or members being reduced in weight, size, and power of resistance, and thereupon the same was disapproved by the officers of the government. Demand was thereupon made that the claimants should adhere to the original specifications, which they refused to do, and, as a result, the United States abrogated the contract.
Soon afterwards this suit was commenced. By the petition judgment for $ 30,000 was demanded [223 U.S. 524, 538] as the 'gains and profits which claimants would have made had they constructed the barges in accordance with the contract, as the terms of that instrument were construed by the contracting firm.' The court of claims, as already stated, gave judgment against the United States for the sum of $10,000. There is no statement in the findings as to the loss sustained by the claimants. Evidently, however, the conclusion to award the sum stated was based upon the hypothesis mentioned in the closing paragraph of the opinion of the court below, reading as follows:
A motion to dismiss the appeal first requires attention. The facts are as follows:
The judgment against the United States was entered on May 18, 1908. Eighty-four days afterwards, on August 10, 1908, defendant filed a motion for a new trial. This motion was argued and submitted on November 23, 1908, and was overruled on January 4, 1909, in the term which began on December 7, 1908. Seventeen days afterwards, on January 21, 1909, the United States filed a motion to amend the findings of fact; on February 8, 1909, the motion was argued and submitted; and on February 15, 1909, the motion was overruled in part and allowed in part. Ten days afterwards, on February 25, 1909, the United States made application for and gave notice of an appeal 'from the judgment rendered in the above-entitled cause on the 4th day of January, 1909.' [223 U.S. 524, 539] The grounds for the motion to dismiss are these: (a) that the appeal was not taken within ninety days after judgment (Rev. Stat. 708, U. S. Comp. Stat. 1901, p. 575), and (b) that the appeal prayed for and allowed was not from the judgment of January 4, 1909, 'but was merely from the order overruling the motion for a new trial.'
The motion is without merit. The general rule governing the subject of prosecuting error or taking appeals from final judgments or decrees is, we think, applicable to judgments or decrees of the court of claims, and that rule treats a judgment or decree properly entered in the cause as not final for the purposes of appeal until a motion for a new trial or a petition for rehearing, as the case may be, when entertained by the court, has been disposed of; and the time for appeal begins to run from the date of such disposition. Kingman & Co. v. Western Mfg. Co. 170 U.S. 675, 680 , 681 S., 42 L. ed. 1192, 1194, 18 Sup. Ct. Rep. 786. It is, we think, also manifest that the appeal was taken upon the hypothesis just stated, that the judgment entered did not become a final judgment for the purposes of appeal until the motion for a new trial had been disposed of. Texas & P. R. Co. v. Murphy, 111 U.S. 488 , 28 L. ed. 492, 4 Sup. Ct. Rep. 497.
Coming to the merits. The claimant in effect reiterates in the argument at bar the position taken by the court below in the opinions by it rendered, reported in 43 Ct. Cl. 469 and 44 Ct. Cl. 127. We shall therefore dispose of the case by reviewing the opinions of the court below.
In the opinion delivered upon the original hearing it was observed that 'the litigation in this case resulted from what seems to have been an apparent misunderstanding by the agents of the defendants, as to certain changes in the terms of an original advertisement for bids for the construction of the said six steel dump barges of a specified size, strength, and weight,' etc. It was, however, held that the contract was clear and unambiguous in terms, and that the evidence 'revealed a degree of negligence [223 U.S. 524, 540] on the part of the agents of the defendants from which they could not be allowed to extricate themselves by the abrogation of a duly executed contract in order to shift from themselves responsibility.' The claimants, it was said, in their second bid, made part of the contract, had in detail specifically set forth the strength, weight, and measurement of the barges, and that 'the only difference in the barges which the claimant proposed in its contract to construct under its bid was a difference in weight of framing and plates from those contained in the advertisement of the defendant's circular No. 310-C.' The claimants, however, it was further observed, had called the attention of the defendant to the great difference between its then bid and the prior bid, and before the execution of the contract had noted on the blue print submitted by them and attached to the contract 'the net weight of the barges,' and stated that 'this weight was to be distributed in such manner as the defendants might instruct.' The printed specifications, it was held, although made part of the contract, could not govern, since the letter of claimants of July 27 and the blue print would have to be entirely ignored. It was also said that the materials proposed to be used by the claimants in the construction of the barges, although 'reduced in weight, size, and power of resistance' from those prescribed by the specifications, did not constitute 'a substitution of different strength and material for those provided in the specifications of the defendant as to the manner of constructing the barges, but was 'rather a modification thereof.'
We have, however, reached the conclusion, as well from the fact that the specifications were expressly made part of the contract as from various provisions of the contract which we have excerpted, that it cannot in reason be held that the specifications must be ignored, and as they cannot, therefore, be treated as having been abrogated, [223 U.S. 524, 541] it inevitably follows that the alleged contract should have been held void for uncertainty.
It is, we think, in reason, impossible to construe the 'modifications' referred to in the first article of the contract as having relation to the dimensions, etc., of the material so specifically described in the portions of the specifications embraced under the heading 'Framing,' since in that event a clear inconsistency would arise between the terms of that article and the terms of the specifications, also constituting part of the contract. And although this conclusion is, we think, so certain as to require no additional demonstration than the mere consideration of the terms of the two provisions, its conclusiveness is an addition convincingly shown by an analysis of the contract as a whole. The provision of article 3 in regard to the right of the government at any time during the progress of the work on the barges to inspect all the material furnished clearly imports that the contract had precisely settled the character of such material. So also does the provision in the same article in regard to final inspection, wherein it is provided: 'Such inspection being for the purpose of determining whether the same, or either of them, meet the requirements set forth in the letters, specifications, and blue prints mentioned in article 1 hereof, and all of said inspections, whether preliminary or final, the party of the first part, by its duly authorized agent, shall have the right to reject any and all material used, or to be used, in the construction of said barges, or either of them, or in the workmanship thereon, when, in the judgment of the party of the first part, by its duly authorized agent, the same or any part thereof does not conform to the requirements above mentioned.' Again, prominence is given in article 8 to the fact that, in the construction of the barges, the specifications are to be given effect, the provision being that 'the barges herein contracted for shall be completed in accordance with the specifications, [223 U.S. 524, 542] letter, and blue print annexed hereto and made a part hereof. . . .' So, also, in article 9, payment is to be made only when the barges have been constructed and delivered 'in accordance with the terms of this contract and the papers attached hereto,' of which papers the specifications formed a part. Article 12 also clearly negates the conception that it could have been intended by the parties that material parts of the specifications should be treated as not forming a portion of the contract, although declared by its terms to be a part thereof, since the binding efficacy of the specifications as to material is therein emphasized. The article, in substance, provided that no change or modification 'involving an alteration in the specifications as to character, quantity, and quality, whether of labor or material, as would either increase or diminish the cost of the work,' should be made unless 'agreed upon in writing by the contracting parties, the agreement setting forth fully the reasons for such change, and giving clearly the quantities and price both of material and labor thus substituted for those specified in the original contract,' etc. Manifestly, this article was drawn upon the conception, not that the contract did not, but that it did specifically, provide as to what material should be furnished for the work, and no other source could be resorted to for light as to the material contracted to be supplied than the specifications which it is now urged ought by construction to be removed from the contract.
Thus viewing the contract as a whole and determining that the specifications, so far as the 'framing' schedule is concerned, should have been treated as unaffected by the provisions of article 1, it is evident that there was a conflict so irreconcilable between essential provisions of the assumed contract as to render it impossible to enforce it as an agreement between the parties. This result of the absolutely antagonistic and destructive character of essential provisions of the contract, one upon the other, can [223 U.S. 524, 543] only be escaped by indulging in one of two hypotheses; either that the terms of the advertisement and specifications as incorporated in the assumed contract overshadowed and virtually destroyed the proposals resulting from the bid of the claimant, which also was incorporated in the contract, or, conversely, that the proposals which the bid embraced had the effect of setting at naught the provisions of the specifications. But if the first assumption were indulged in, it would clearly result that there was no right to recover, since that right is based upon the theory that the specifications are not binding and need not be complied with; and if the second were indulged, the same result would follow, since it would then come to pass that the contract was so irresponsive to and destructive of the advertised proposals as to nullify them, and therefore cause it to result that the contract was one made without the competitive bidding which was necessary to give it validity.
Under the circumstances, therefore, the court erred in treating the contract as a valid agreement, and in awarding judgment against the United States.
Judgment reversed.
The deck should have a checkered stringer streak on each side 30" wide and about 7/16" thick; remaining deck may be of 15-pound plating.
All plating to be worked 'in' and 'out' on longitudinal streaks, longitudinal laps to be double-riveted. All girth seams to be double- riveted to butt straps.
There should be a nosing or fender streak of 8" x 8" yellow pine supported by 4" x 4" x 3/8" angles top and bottom. This nosing should extend entirely about the barge. On each side of the full length there should be a second fender streak of the same section about 3' below the deck.
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Citation: 223 U.S. 524
Docket No: No. 85
Decided: February 26, 1912
Court: United States Supreme Court
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text:
RED BANK, N.J., Nov. 11, 2010 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc. (NYSE:HOV), a leading national homebuilder, announced that senior management will be presenting at the 2010 Citi North American Credit Conference on Thursday, November 18, 2010 at 11:15 a.m. ET.
The presentation will be webcast live through the "Investor Relations" section of Hovnanian Enterprises' website at . It is suggested that participants access the webcast event page at least five minutes before the live event. For those who are not available to listen to the live webcast, an archive of the broadcast will be available under the "Audio Archives" section of the "Investor Relations" page on the Hovnanian website at .
About Hovnanian Enterprises®
Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc., founded in 1959 by Kevork S. Hovnanian, is headquartered in Red Bank, New Jersey. The Company is one of the nation's largest homebuilders with operations in Arizona, California, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Maryland, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia. The Company's homes are marketed and sold under the trade names K. HovnanianHomes, Matzel & Mumford, Brighton Homes, Parkwood Builders, Town & Country Homes and Oster Homes. As the developer of K. Hovnanian's Four Seasons communities, the Company is also one of the nation's largest builders of active adult homes.
Additional information on Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc., including a summary investment profile and the Company's 2009 annual report, can be accessed through the "Investor Relations" section of the Hovnanian Enterprises' website at . To be added to Hovnanian's investor e-mail or fax lists, please send an e-mail to email@example.com or sign up at .
The Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc. logo is available at http://www.globenewswire.com/newsroom/prs/?pkgid=7499
CONTACT: Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc. J. Larry Sorsby, Executive Vice President & CFO Jeffrey T. O'Keefe, Director of Investor Relations 732-747-7800


text:
Microsoft is releasing a patch on Monday for older versions of its Internet Explorer browser, deviating from its normal repair schedule due to the seriousness of the problem.
The vulnerability, which is present in IE 6, 7, and 8, is a memory corruption issue. It can be exploited by an attacker via a drive-by download, a term for loading a website with attack code that delivers malware to a victim's computer if the person merely visits the website.
Microsoft released a quick fix for the issue earlier this month, but did not have a more permanent patch ready when it released its monthly batch of patches last Tuesday. The company will occasionally release an emergency patch if the software vulnerability is considered a high risk.
"While we have still seen only a limited number of customers affected by the issue, the potential exists that more customers could be affected in the future," wrote Dustin Childs, group manager for the company's Trustworthy Computing Group, on a company blog on Sunday.
The patch, which will be released at 10 a.m. PST, will be distributed through Windows Update. Childs wrote users will not have to uninstall the quick fix before applying the patch, which will be installed automatically for those who have automatic updates enabled.
Security vendor Symantec credited a group called Elderwood as finding the IE vulnerability due to similarities in the attack code that uses the vulnerability with other attack code.
The Elderwood group has discovered as many as nine other vulnerabilities since 2009 and appears to favor targeting defense contractors, human rights groups, non-governmental organizations and IT service providers, according to a Symantec report issued in September.
Send news tips and comments to firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow me on Twitter: @jeremy_kirk


text:
Photokina 2016 kicked off with something rather special. We held a press conference to tell the world about a little project we've been working on for a few years now.
The world's press gathered in the Koelnmesse in Cologne, Germany in eager anticipation to see what we were planning to bring to the world of photography.
Toru Takahashi, Senior Vice President of Fujifilm Corporation, was welcomed to the stage to talk about our long history of launching amazing products at Photokina.
Although Photokina started in 1950, Fujifilm's first appearance was in 1966 and has attended the show, which runs every two years, for every show since.
- 1968 saw us launch the FUJICA 690 medium format rangefinder.
- 1978 was the launch of the "FUJINON W Series" of large format lenses.
- 1988 saw the world's first digital camera, the DS-1P.
- 2010 saw the announcement of the X100 – the launch that combined our analogue legacy expertise with our digital future.
We hope that 2016 will be another historical landmark in our Photokina announcement history, as this was the year that we announced our new format – GFX – which will be available from early 2017.
The FUJIFILM X Series is focused on the perfect balance of size, mobility and image quality and has brought back the joy of photography to many people.
GFX, with its large sized sensor, will provide the ultimate image quality, whilst also inheriting a lot of "X DNA".
These two systems will complement each other perfectly. They are the two answers from Fujifilm for this era of photographic creativity.
Once the video finished playing, Toshi Iida, General Manager for Sales & Marketing was welcomed up onto the stage to explain more about this new camera format.
"G Format" – the name comes from Fujifilm's heritage of Medium Format cameras – the G690, GS645, GX680 etc…
The sensor that will be in the first G Format camera will be a huge 43.8 x 32.9mm in size. It's 1.7x bigger than a standard 35mm sensor and the first generation sensor will record 51.4 million pixels. This means that if you compare it to a 35mm sensor of the same pixel count, each pixel is 70% larger which allows them to capture a larger amount of light.
Toshi went on to explain that the sensor is completely brand new. It has been designed and customised for the G Format. It has specially shaped micro lenses that will collect light very effectively and the silicon process has also been optimised to maximise resolution and widen dynamic range.
This new sensor will sit behind a newly designed mount called the "G Mount". This mount will have a 4mm thick plate to ensure it is strong and stiff, and will be equipped with a 12-pin terminal to supply power to support the AF speed.
There is no mirror in the G Format system. One reason for this is mirror shock which affects image quality. Additionally, the mirror constrains lens design. The typical flange-back distance on a Medium Format SLR is about 70mm. This will be approximately 26.7mm which will give us more flexibility to design high quality, small lenses.
The back focus can be as short as 10mm so there is less drop-off on the light's final part of the journey onto the sensor's surface.
Toshi then spoke about the shutter. The mount is equipped with a focal plane shutter so the maximum shutter speed will be 1/4000th to allow capture of fast moving subjects or shooting in bright scenes with wide aperture settings.
Moving onto lenses, Toshi introduced our new range – "GF Lenses". This large sensor is going to need high quality lenses as without excellent glass, there is no point having such a large sensor.
The lenses should last many decades after launch. To ensure they are future proof they have been designed to confidently operate with sensors of up to 100 megapixels in the future.
We set ourselves new standards that the lenses must meet. Normally, MTF of 35mm lenses is measured at 30 and 10 lines per mm. When converted to 33×44 sensor, this would be the equivalent of measuring at 20 and 7 lines per mm. However, the MTF of GF Lenses will be measured at 40 and 20 lines per mm. All GF Lenses will have to exceed this standard.
All lenses will be designed to be sharp regardless of the aperture setting and thanks to a large sized sensor, the image will hardly be affected by diffraction at all..
Our philosophy for lens design has always been to minimise correction of signal processing. Our XF Lenses for X Series are a good example. This philosophy will be applied to the GF Lenses.
The system will ideally be launched with the following lenses available:
- GF63mm F2.8 Prime Standard
- GF32-64mm F4 Zoom Standard
- GF120mm F4 Macro
And the following lenses will hopefully be available before the end of 2017:
- GF45mm F2.8
- GF23mm F4
- GF110mm F2
G – Fujifilm's Medium Format heritage
F – Film-look image quality
X – Design and operability of X Series
The first GFX camera body will be the GFX 50S. With the weight of around 800g, it's incredibly small and light compared to existing Medium Format cameras and even lighter and smaller than most 35mm DSLR cameras. With it's tilting LCD you will be able to shoot at waist level.
You can attach the Electronic Viewfinder that is included with the camera to shoot in an SLR style.
You can even add a tilting adaptor between the EVF and the camera and can shoot in any angle with your eye on the viewfinder which helps with low-angle shooting.
To allow you to precisely control focusing you can also use an optional external screen.
Toshi finished his presentation by saying that GFX is here to re-invent Medium Format.
"We will look back on Photokina 2016 in the future and I believe we will say it was a game changing event." – Toshi Iida, General Manager for Sales & Marketing
Photokina 2016 is on until 25th September 2016 and the GFX camera and GF lenses can be seen behind a glass show case on our booth in Hall 4.2.


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Ellbind History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
Today's generation of the Ellbind family bears a name that was brought to England by the migration wave that was started by the Norman Conquest of 1066. The Ellbind family lived in Normandy where it was derived from the ancient English given name Albin, meaning white.
Early Origins of the Ellbind family
The surname Ellbind was first found in St. Taurin, Evreux, Normandy, in the year 980, as St. Aubyn. This distinguished name arrived with the Conqueror through Sir John Aubyn, and settled in Barnstaple in Devon, where he became a patron of Barnstable Abbey. The family were granted many estates and they were recorded under the name Alban in the Domesday Book.
Early History of the Ellbind family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Ellbind research. More information is included under the topic Early Ellbind History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Ellbind Spelling Variations
Before English spelling was standardized a few hundred years ago, spelling variations of names were a common occurrence. Elements of Latin, Norman French and other languages became incorporated into English throughout the Middle Ages, and name spellings changed even among the literate. The variations of the surname Ellbind include Albone, Allibone, Hallibone, Albin, Allbahn, Alibone, Allbones, Allbone, Alban, Aubyn, Aubyn, Aubin, Auban, Ellibone, Elbin, Ellban, Ellbone and many more.
Early Notables of the Ellbind family (pre 1700)
Outstanding amongst the family at this time was John Allibond (1597-1658), Master of Magdalen College School; Peter Allibond (1560-1629), an English translator of theological treatises from the French and Latin; Henry Albin (1624-1696), an English minister from Batcombe, Somerset who was...
Migration of the Ellbind family
In England at this time, the uncertainty of the political and religious environment of the time caused many families to board ships for distant British colonies in the hopes of finding land and opportunity, and escaping persecution. The voyages were expensive, crowded, and difficult, though, and many arrived in North America sick, starved, and destitute. Those who did make it, however, were greeted with greater opportunities and freedoms that they could have experienced at home. Many of those families went on to make important contributions to the young nations in which they settled. Early immigration records have shown some of the first Ellbinds to arrive on North American shores: Thomas Allibone who arrived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1813; Engel Albin settled in America in 1707.


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Author : Admin
LUCKY SEVERSON, correspondent: This ragtag parade in northwest Thailand, in the area known as the Golden Triangle, is a celebration of sorts, but it also has a very serious purpose, and one that has had dangerous consequences.
(speaking to Thai man): How was he killed?
PIPOB UDOMITTIPONG: He was stabbed to death.
SEVERSON: You think that he was killed because of his environmental work?
UDOMITTIPONG: Of course, definitely.
SEVERSON: Why?
UDOMITTIPONG: Because there was no other reason. He's such a nice man. If you meet in person, he's a very amicable man. He has no enemies whatsoever.
Pipob Udomittipong
SEVERSON: What was so unusual about the killing was that the victim held a position of great respect in Thai society. The victim was a Buddhist monk, an environmental activist.
Susan Darlington is writing a book about Thailand's environmental Buddhism.
PROFESSOR SUSAN DARLINGTON (Hampshire College): There were 18 human rights and environmental activists who were assassinated in Thailand in a three-year period, none of whose murders were solved. So somebody was feeling threatened and had the power to push back and try to send perhaps warnings or to stop these people altogether.
SEVERSON: Sulak Sivaraksa is a noted Buddhist scholar who has written over a hundred books. He claims he knows who was pushing back against the monks who were trying to protect the forests: international corporations with financial ties to some corrupt generals in the Thai military.
SULAK SIVARAKSA (International Network of Engaged Buddhists): Unfortunately the big loggers, in cooperation with generals, they don't care. They cut the trees, and the monks protested, and they even arrested monks. Not before in history that monks had been arrested.
SEVERSON: Darlington is a professor of anthropology and Asian studies at Hampshire College in Massachusetts. She says it wasn't until the late 1980s, after whole forests had vanished, that monks became activists.
(speaking to Professor Darlington): We're talking about whole forests, clear cutting?
DARLINGTON: Clear cutting to either get the logs-the teak forests were going at a rapid rate, other hardwoods-or cutting down forest to make room for intensive agriculture.
Senior monk Anek
SEVERSON: The forests went away, and the animals, too, and then in 1988 catastrophic floods caused people to reevaluate what they had been told was progress.
DARLINGTON: Up to three hundred people were killed from the floods, and most experts pointed to this and said the flooding would not have occurred if there hadn't been such severe deforestation.
SEVERSON: Sulak Sivaraksa founded the International Network of Engaged Buddhists. He says Buddhism's views of the environment are both moral and spiritual.
SIVARAKSA: Buddhism believes that we are all interrelated, not only among human beings but to all sentient beings, including animals, nature, the river, the trees, the clouds, the sun, the moon, we all related. We are brothers and sisters. So if you harm any of these you harm yourself.
DARLINGTON: Buddhists' primary motivation, primary goal is to end suffering, and destruction of the environment causes suffering on many levels. Therefore as monks it is part of our role to make people aware of this and to undertake actions to prevent this and to protect the forests that still exists.
SEVERSON: To protect to the forests, one monk did something radical, just as they are doing here now. He started tying orange robes around trees, in effect ordaining the trees.
DARLINGTON: He was called crazy, and a national newspapers called for him to disrobe from the sangha [community or order], that this was not appropriate behavior for a monk, he's misusing the religion. But meanwhile other monks began to do tree ordinations as well. "You can't ordain a tree. What does that mean?" So people started debating, what does it mean to ordain a tree?
SEVERSON: To the monks, it meant making the forests sacred, off limits to exploitation. The idea has caught on with some villagers, like these. The forests rangers with the guns are not official rangers. They're volunteers who patrol the mountainside looking for timber poachers. Senior monk Anek took us to an area near his village that was clear-cut in the dark of the night. August 21st there was a forest here. August 22nd it was gone. Three acres of prized hardwood disappeared overnight. Anek says he doesn't think monks' robes wrapped around trees would have prevented this.
INTERPRETER (translating senior Buddhist monk Anek): He says it might not deter them because they are investors from outside, they have no respect for the culture, they have no respect for the tradition. He's saying that he feels sad because it took them many years to preserve this.
SEVERSON: Anek says he still gets threats for ordaining trees but not as many as before and not as severe. He doesn't think this area was clear cut for the trees, but instead for the land, which foreign companies are using for huge farming operations, like the tangerine plantations that stretch for miles along rolling hills that were once covered with pristine forests. Unfortunately for the locals, the companies are hiring cheap labor from nearby Burma. So they're losing the land and their ability to live off it. In the middle of the plantations there is a Buddhist monastery that acts as a buffer against development. The senior monk here is also an environmental activist. His name is Abbot Kittisap.
(speaking to Buddhist abbot): But you're not fearful?
Because of his activism, and because he is testifying in the trial of the murdered monk who was his friend, Abbot Kittsop has 24-hour-a-day police protection, the gentlemen you see here. The abbot says he is still fearful for his safety, but his conscience keeps him going. Even though it's been four years since the controversial killing, no one has been convicted of the crime, and recently the chief investigator confirmed many people's suspicions when he accused the police of tampering with the evidence. Many here don't think justice will ever be served, but Susan Darlington says that doesn't mean the monks have not made progress. The Thai government, for instance, has cracked down on illegal logging.
DARLINGTON: I think the role of Buddhism in protecting the environment has come a long way. These monks really do, they put a moral standard into the environmental movement that makes people really stop and think. It brings a spiritual element to it.
SEVERSON: Others like Sulak say spirituality also requires action.
SIVARAKSA: Spirituality is not merely personal contemplation, not only meditation, that you feel peaceful and then you feel "I'm alright, Jack." I think that's is dangerous. It's escapism.
SEVERSON: Sulak Sivaraksa, who received the Right Livelihood Award, also known as the alternative Nobel Peace Prize, says many Westerners and many Buddhists alike do not understand the meaning of engaged Buddhism.
SIVARAKSA: In fact, meditation only helps you to be peaceful. But you must also confront social suffering as well as your own personal suffering, and people suffer now because of the environment.
SEVERSON: The generals and the developers still have the upper hand, but the battle for the land, and the hearts and mind of the people is not over. Ordinary people are now beating a drum for the monks.
For Religion & Ethics Newsweekly, I'm Lucky Severson north of Chang Mai, Thailand.
Source: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/episodes/january-15-2010/forest-monks/5472/


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LONDON -- This was not what the Americans expected.
Oh sure, being atop the standings by a comfortable margin after their qualifying session in women's gymnastics, that went according to plan. But world champion Jordyn Wieber, a heavy favorite to add the Olympic gold, won't even get to contend for the all-around title after finishing behind teammates Aly Raisman and Gabby Douglas. Countries are limited to two gymnasts in the all-around and event finals.
It was a stunner for Wieber, who had lost only two all-around competitions since 2008 -- though both to fellow Americans -- and it left her teammates reeling.
"I was really surprised, and I feel awful because she wanted it so bad," said Raisman, Wieber's closest friend on the team and the one who knocked her out of the all-around. "But she should still feel proud because she's an Olympian. We have to stay calm and focused on team finals."
The 17-year-old Wieber was sobbing as she made her way through the mixed zone, so distraught she couldn't speak to reporters. A quote attributed to her and distributed by the London Games' internal news agency said: "It is a bit of a disappointment. It has always been a dream of mine to compete in the all-around final of the Olympics."
Tweeted Wieber: "Thank you all for your love and support. I am so proud of our team today and I can't wait for team finals!!"
The Americans finished with 181.863 points, more than 11 ahead of Britain, even with a weak finish on floor exercise.
They remained atop the standings, with Russia and China unable to catch them.
Russia, runner-up to the United States at last year's world championships, is 1.5 points back after scoring 180.429 in the second-to-last session Sunday. China, the defending Olympic champion, is a distant third at 176.637. Britain is fourth.
European champion Romania, another medal contender, competes later Sunday.
The team final is Tuesday.
"That's what I told her, she's going to handle this with as much class as she handled the victories. Make no excuses," said John Geddert, the U.S. coach and Wieber's personal coach. "The job's not done yet. Team USA has got a big day on Tuesday."
The Americans have come into the last two Olympics as world champions, only to leave without gold. But this team is stronger, top to bottom, than the 2004 and even 2008 squads, and has a swagger LeBron James and his buddies would appreciate. That starts with Wieber, who is normally as steady and reliable as a metronome.
If anyone was going to avoid the 16-year curse of world champions going without Olympic gold, it was going to be her.
But she's appeared vulnerable these last few months while Raisman and Douglas have been on the rise.
Wieber stepped slightly out of bounds on vault, had a form break on a handstand on uneven bars and a few wobbles on balance beam. But it was floor exercise that really cost her. She got too much power on one of her tumbling passes and had to steady herself with a step back -- and out of bounds. The deduction left her on the all-around bubble with Raisman, the world bronze medalist on floor, still waiting her turn.
Raisman needed less than a 15 to knock Wieber down to third place, and she got that easily -- and then some. She gets such great height on her tumbling passes that you could park a Mini Cooper beneath her; and she lands them with such pinpoint accuracy you want to check her feet for glue.
She finished with a score of 15.325, which moved her to the top of the standings and bumped out Wieber.
How this will impact the squad could be an even bigger concern than any other country. The Americans are a tight-knit bunch -- Wieber, Raisman and McKayla Maroney talk or message each other every day -- and such a shock to their traditional order has the potential to threaten that chemistry.
"We will deal with that. We will try to help her as much as possible," national team coordinator Martha Karolyi said. "I would be very disappointed, too. She is reigning world champion, also U.S. champion. Today she wasn't quite as sharp. She was very good but not quite as sharp and the other two girls surpassed her. So we will give her all the support. I think she gave a very nice effort, no major errors. What can you do? Sport is sport."
If they can regroup, the world champions showed they have the goods to win only their second Olympic title, and first since the Magnificent Seven in 1996.
All four of the Americans do Amanars, one of the toughest vaults in the world -- a roundoff onto the takeoff board, back handspring onto the table and 2.5 twisting somersaults before landing. It's got a start value -- the measure of difficulty -- of 6.5, a whopping 0.7 above the vault most other gymnasts will do, and it gives the USA a massive advantage after just one event.
Even worse for rivals, the Americans make those vaults look easy. Douglas' toes were so pointed in the air she looked like a directional arrow while Maroney's legs were ruler straight. Each American took a hop on their landing, but it was a minor deduction and the U.S. left the event with a score of 47.633.
They held their own on uneven bars thanks to Douglas and Kyla Ross, who missed last year's world championships because she was too young and now flits between bars like a hummingbird, weightless and graceful. Douglas, dubbed "The Flying Squirrel" by Karolyi because of her release moves, wowed the crowd by flipping so high above the bar she could have changed the overhead lights.
Her feet slammed into the mat on her dismount, and delighted coach Liang Chow sprinted around the end of the podium, pumping his fist.
Douglas scored a 15.333, and the Americans were cruising.
Raisman may not have Douglas' elegance or magnetic smile, but she is steady and solid. She scored a 15.1 or better on all but one event Sunday.
"Aly had the meet of her life today," Geddert said. "What a time to have it. I couldn't be happier for her. She's a great kid. She deserves it. It's a great thing for her."
Information from The Associated Press was used in this report.


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Uruguay continues to be a world leader in OLPC deployments. Today they become the first country in the world to receive the production run of the newest low-power XO-1.75, perhaps the lowest power laptop in the world.
Today at the 2012 Annual Meeting of the Inter-American Development Bank, OLPC and Plan Ceibal announced Uruguay will be the first country to receive the newest low-power model of the XO laptop. Uruguay began working with OLPC in 2007 and by mid-2010 achieved complete laptop saturation, providing XO's to all 570,000 primary school children in the country. The project recently ordered 60,000 XO 1.75's in order to take advantage of the many breakthrough hardware and software features in the new model.
"We are deeply committed to making One Laptop a Child a reality for all our children because we believe that digital fluency is essential to a 21st century education,†said Miguel Brechner, Director of the Technological Laboratory of Uruguay and in charge of Plan Ceibal. "The XO laptop empowers children by allowing them to explore the world, be creative, learn by doing and collaborate and share with their classmates and communities.â€
During its 2012 Annual Meeting in Montevideo, representatives from the Inter-American Development Bank will visit several schools to see how children and teachers are integrating XO laptops into their classrooms. The XO 1.75 provides significant advances in technology that reduce power consumption and make the laptop more rugged for children's use. This is the first laptop from OLPC to incorporate an ARM-based processor from Marvell, which has collaborated closely with One Laptop per Child on technology development.
The Marvell Armada 610 processor in the XO 1.75 uses very low power, 4 Watts when in use and 200 milliWatts when idle — which is a quarter of the power consumption of most processors on the market. Power consumption is a major challenge for laptop deployments in remote and rural regions where electricity is scarce or non-existent.
The XO 1.75 will also feature a new operating system release with the newest version of the Sugar learning environment. Developed under OLPC's leadership with contributions from the Sugar Labs and the global Sugar development community, the new version of Sugar includes significant improvements in usability, performance and easier self-discovery of how Sugar works.
"We salute Plan Ceibal for its leadership in providing all Uruguayan children access to a modern education," said Rodrigo Arboleda, Chairman and CEO of the One Laptop per Child Association. "Uruguay is a great example of a well-planned, well-executed deployment that is having a positive impact on children's educational development."


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Homeopathic medicines Weleda Tubes granules or globules doses can be used in a variety of symptoms, so it is not possible to determine the indications and dosage of a specific preparation.
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Tips and instructions TABACUM D6 D10 Tube granules HOMEOPATHY Weleda
Remove the tab, reverse Weleda tube and gently pull the cap.
Turn the tube to bring down the required number of granules in the cap and remove the pellets under the tongue.
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Use a no mint toothpaste (such Homéodent BOIRION).
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If you're looking for a healthy snack of appetizer for St Patrick's Day, these green deviled eggs are the perfect solution.
My mom adds hard boiled eggs to her guacamole, so I thought why not add guacamole to hard boiled eggs? The results were lovely, and since I was testing them out for the blog, I actually enjoyed them for lunch.
These are a fun, "clean" snack or appetizer, not just as a green food for St Patrick's day, but for anytime of the year. Loaded with a good dose of healthy fats and perfect for any dietary restriction – vegetarian, gluten-free, weight watchers, low-carb, paleo, and more!
Guacamole Deviled Eggs
Servings: 12 • Size: 1 piece • Old Points: 1 • Weight Watchers Points+: 1
Calories: 44 • Fat: 3 g • Protein: 3 g • Carb: 2 g • Fiber: 1 g • Sugar: 0.2 g
Sodium: 30 mg (without salt)
- 6 large eggs, hard boiled (recipe here[1])
- 1 medium haas avocado
- 2-3 tsp fresh lime juice
- 1 tsp red onion, minced
- 1 tbsp minced jalapeno
- 1 tbsp fresh cilantro, chopped
- kosher salt and fresh ground pepper, to taste
- 1 tbsp diced tomato
- pinch chile powder (for garnish)
Peel the cooled hard boiled eggs.
Cut the eggs in half horizontally, and set the yolks aside.
In a bowl, mash the avocado and 2 whole egg yolks; discard the rest. Mix in lime juice, red onion, jalapeño, cilantro, salt and pepper and adjust to taste. Gently fold in tomato.
Scoop heaping spoonfuls of the guacamole into the 12 halved eggs. Sprinkle with a little chile powder for color and arrange on a platter.
- ^ recipe here (www.gordon-ramsay-recipe.com)
This recipe has already been read 678 times!


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'It would be fatal if we were still shipping the same Raspberry Pi in 2016'
We caught up with Eben Upton, the creator of the Raspberry Pi
There can be few people as busy as Eben Upton. As the person most credited with bringing the Raspberry Pi into existence, he's been at the heart of its delivery; overseeing the minutiae of its design, its production and its incredible rise to mainstream recognition.
At the same time, the foundation has moved manufacturing to Wales, launched both the Model A and a camera module, and continues to push the Pi into new territories. In between fielding requests from potential partners and international media outlets, he was able to spare us a couple of hours for an interview.
He discusses everything from the project's inception to the difficulty in taking on the establishment.
Linux Format: How difficult has it been to adapt to the success of the Raspberry Pi?
Eben Upton: I think a lot of the heavy lifting in terms of the logistics and the scale has obviously been taken on by RS and Element 14 (the two manufacturers of the Raspberry Pi).
LXF: Had you always planned to use them?
EU: That was the idea, originally, because even before we launched we realised we'd probably have success beyond the scale we'd ever be able to cope with, and we had enough money to build the 10,000 - we had a quarter of a million dollars...
I think it was the point when we released the first SDCARD image for the device and we had 50,000 downloads, or the buggy alpha quality operating system from the team of people who didn't know whether it was going to exist yet, that was the point where we realised we were in trouble [laughs], and that we needed to think again about our model.
LXF: This is at the end of 2011?
EU: Yes, so if we'd stuck with our original model I think we would have spent the whole of last year dealing with the first day's demand. While it felt like we spent the whole of last year dealing with the first day's demand, we actually only spent 3 to 4 months. We certainly wouldn't have got anywhere - we might have got to 100,000 in our first year if we were really lucky, instead of being able to get to a million scale.
So from Raspberry Pi's point of view, I think we 'magicked' away quite a lot of the scale by handing over to these organisations who were all about scale. I mean, those are around the scale of Amazon's logistics operations. RS say they ship 44,000 packages a day. So although this is significant volume for them, it's not close to doubling their volume.
LXF: The launch was an event!
EU: Yes, absolutely. I think we'd been living it for maybe 9 months and they [RS and Element] had only been living it for a month or two.
Getting the word out
LXF: Liz (head of communications for the Raspberry Pi Foundation and Eben's wife) also did a good job of building anticipation.
EU: Absolutely, so I think it was a surprise for them. I think it turned into a very good surprise for them - it has become a good bit of business for both companies and you can see they've both been growing. I think there are scaling things for us. It's changed our view of what it is we're trying to do, and that's been the challenge for us.
LXF: And what about on a personal level?
EU: Certainly there is a sense… I wouldn't say it's less fun, but it's more serious. Because there are people whose jobs depend on this. It was never the idea for there to be people whose jobs depended on this, and not people here but people who make them and the people who distribute them.
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