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Zionism was a nationalist political movement by East European Jews dedicated to reestablishing the Jewish state in the land of Israel, starting in the late 19th century. The goal was achieved with the independence of Israel in 1948, and the term now connotes political support for the continued existence of this Jewish nation.
Although Jews have been returning to their homeland throughout the last two thousand years, the movement in its modern form began in the 1890s.
For many centuries there was talk but no action; Jews did not have their own country, and most were restricted to ghettos. By 1810 the French Revolution and Napoleon liberated most of the Jews of Europe from the ghettos, allowing a new level of mobility. The Romanticism of the 19th century inspired a modern Jewish identity that led to much talk of their own nation. The movement was inspired by the writings of Moses Hess, David Luzatto, Leo Pinsker, Zvi Kalischer, and Yehudah Alkalai; funding came from philanthropists Moses Montefiore, Edmond de Rothschild, and Maurice de Hirsch.
The first wave of settlement began operations in Palestine in the 1880s; Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire until it collapsed in 1918.[1]
The first Zionist Congress met in Basel, Switzerland in August 1897, attracting 204 Jews from 15 countries. Under the leadership of Theodor Herzl (1860-1904), it resolved that "Zionism aims at the creation of a home for the Jewish people in Palestine to be secured by public law," and encouraged organized emigration and colonization. Herzl formed the World Zionist Congress, making it an effective worldwide political movement. Despite opposition from assimilationist Jews and internal divisions the Zionist organization gathered strength. After Herzl died in 1904, the leadership of the movement passed to the "practicals" notably Dr. Chaim Weizmann, who argued that Zionism should concern itself with the Jewish cultural renaissance and gradual settlement efforts in Palestine as well as with diplomatic efforts to create a legal foundation for the settlements. In 1905 one faction withdrew when the majority rejected a British proposal for establishing a Jewish homeland in Uganda, Africa.
Settlement in Palestine
A second, much larger wave of settlement began after the revolutionary upheavals in Russia in 1905. Most settlers supported socialist versions of Zionism, both Marxist and non-Marxist. They pioneered a new type of settlement, the kibbutz (or "kvutzah"), a cooperative in which land was owned and worked communally by the Jewish settlers. These idealistic immigrants had an influence on the development of Zionism and the state of Israel far out of proportion to their numbers. The immigrants were aided by the Jewish National Fund (Keren Kayemeth), established by the Zionist Organization to buy land in Palestine as the inalienable property of the Jewish people. By 1914, 12,000 Jews were cultivating 100,000 acres in 43 agricultural settlements. The total Jewish population was 100,000. Zionists idealized the muscular young Jews tilling the soil of the Holy Land; the heroic self-image of the brave pioneer stood in stark contrast to Gentile stereotypes of the feminized Jewish weakling or the avaricious Jew-as-money changer.
During World War I, the British government sought Jewish support. In 1917 Weizmann secured from the British government the Balfour Declaration, which promised support for "the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people," though nothing was to be done that might "prejudice the civil and religious rights of the existing non-Jewish communities." It did not promise an independent state—in Palestine. The League of Nations created a British mandate, with full control over Palestine in 1922.
In a third wave of settlement, tens of thousands of Jews arrived, mostly from Europe. They lived separately from the Arabs, though in close proximity.
The British cooperated with the Jewish Agency, which was responsible for Jewish immigration and development. Financing came from the Zionist Organization, which by the 1920s was largely funded by the large Jewish community in the United States. Institutions of national life developed rapidly. The Jews in Palestine were represented by an elected council (Vaad Leumi); it became the parliament (Knesset) of Israel in 1948. Although most settlers were farm workers, there was a very active trade union movement, the Histadrut, which also provided social welfare services. A military force, the Haganah, became an unofficial army. A new fund, the Keren Hayesod, provided capital for the development of Jewish cooperative and communal villages, which were grouped in federations of all persuasions, from religious orthodoxy to Marxism. New schools were founded, topped off by the Hebrew University, opened in 1926, a scientific center at Rehovoth, headed by Dr. Weizmann, and a Technical College at Haifa.
Hard times in the Great Depression led many to return to Europe or America; the Jewish population fell to 200,000 in 1933. The rise of Hitler, however, set off a wave of immigration, and by 1939 the Jewish population had reached 446,000. The rapid growth intensified the opposition of the Arabs. There were Arab riots against British support of a Jewish national home in 1921 and 1929, and from 1936 to 1939 there was rebellion throughout the Arab areas of Palestine. The British responded with a White Paper in 1939 that attempted to impose final limits on Jewish immigration and land purchases, but the situation of Jews in Europe was so desperate that immigration increased illegally. The British refusal to make further concessions to Jewish demands provoked attacks by Jewish terrorists of the Irgun, an underground organization Zvai Leumi, commanded by Menachem Begin, and its offshoot (from 1940) the Stern Gang.
In 1947, the UN recommended the ending of the British mandate and the partition of the country into Arab and Jewish states; Jerusalem was to be internationalized. Zionists reluctantly supported this proposal, while Arabs rejected it. Fighting broke out and on May 14, 1948, the British high commissioner departed, and the same day the Vaad Leumi declared the independence of the State of Israel, which was quickly recognized by both the United States and the Soviet Union. The next day five Arab countries launched a military attack against Israel. But they were quickly defeated, allowing Israel to annex half of Jerusalem and half of the territory allotted to the Palestinian Arabs, while Jordan annexed the remainder of Palestine except for the Gaza Strip, which was occupied by Egypt.
The next three years 1948-51 saw a mass immigration in which approximately 700,000 Jews emigrated to the new state, mostly Holocaust survivors from Europe, thereby doubling the Jewish population.
United States
see American Jews
Zionism grew rapidly in the U.S. after 1900, based largely among Yiddish-speaking recent immigrants from Russia. The Reform Jews, of German background, largely opposed the movement with the main exception of Louis Brandeis, the Supreme Court justice who became a key leader. There were three main groups in 1918: the Zionist Organization of America had 149,000 members, the Mizrachi religious Zionists had 18,000 and the Labor Zionists ( Poalei Zion) had 7,000. The pro-Zionist Yiddish language daily newspapers of the period—the Yidishes Tageblat, Morgen Zhurnal, the Maccabaean, and Der Tog—together had a combined circulation in 1917 of over 200,000.
The Labor Zionists, although originally founded in Europe on the basis of socialism, had Americanized and largely abandoned socialism in the 1920s. Membership of all three plummeted during the early 1920s, but soared the after Arab massacres of Jews in Palestine in 1929 and the coming to power of Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933.[2]
World War II marked a decisive watershed. The 1942 Biltmore Conference was a major step toward the activist program of David Ben Gurian and helped turn American Jews away from the pro-British approach of Weizmann. The American Jewish Conference, in August 1943, gave voice to the collective anguish of American Jewry over the full-scale annihilation of the Jews of Europe by the Nazis. The horror of the Holocaust shaped and galvanized American Zionism. It convinced many previously hostile or neutral American Jews that statehood was the best answer to the plight of the Jews of Europe. It catapulted Abba Hillel Silver and his fellow-activists to power and enabled them to transform the Zionist movement into a powerful force not only in the Jewish community but in the wider arena of American politics. For example, the new sensibility was embraced by President Harry S. Truman, who overrode his vehemently anti-Zionist State Department.[3]
Conflict as total war
The fighting between the Yishuv and the Palestinians, November 1947-14 May 1948, and the war between Israel and invading Arab armies, 15 May 1948-July 1949, represented a total war, as did the Six Day War pf 1967. The life and death of Israel were at stake and required the mobilization of not only the military but also the civilian population, the economy, and the social and political institutions of the Jewish community—as well as mobilizing support from the diaspora in the United States. These crises are a central part of Zionist memories and identity, in combination with memory of the Holocaust, and permanently shaped the Israeli-Arab situation as well as the evolution of the Israeli and Palestinian societies.[4]
Zionism, and Israel, are based on the connection between the Jewish religion and 'Jewishness,' which gives Israel and Zionism 'extraterritorial' power and rights ranging outside the country. This is similar to the ideologies dominant in Ireland, Tibet, and Armenia, where nationalist movements and nation-states are closely linked to religious heritage, a culture of forced diaspora, and the 'extraterritorial' power of their cultural or ethnic identities.
Opposition to Zionism
With few exceptions, Muslims around the world are hostile to Zionism and Israel, often to the point of promising the destruction of the state. The Palestinian Arabs, many of whom fled during the unrest that followed the reestablishment of the Israeli state are among those opposed to its existence, as are many other Arabs who are allied with them.
Since the 1960s anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism formed part of a larger ideological package consisting of anticolonialism, anticapitalism, and a deep suspicion of US policies. In the eyes of members of the developing countries, Jews became a symbol of the West and legitimate targets for hatred.
Iran espouses the most radical anti-Israeli or anti-Zionist position in the Muslim Middle East, calling for the elimination of Israel. Drawing on anti-Jewish traditions in Shi`i Islam, Ayatollah Khomeini, founder of the Islamic Republic, maintained that Zionism is the culmination of the Jewish-Christian conspiracy against Islam and undermines its historical mission. Fusing together Islamic and European anti-Jewish and anti-Zionist ideologies, Iran became a disseminator of Holocaust denial in the Middle East and a sponsor of Western Holocaust deniers. Iran's Holocaust denial, which aims at demolishing the legitimacy of the Jewish state, denies Jewish history and deprives the Jews of their human dignity by presenting their worst tragedy as a scam[5]
Zionism is sharply criticized in the U.S. and Europe by non-Jews who believe that Palestinians are poorly treated by Israel. In the U.S. other critics complain that pro-Israeli interest groups such as the American Israel Public Affairs Committee have an excessive amount of influence over US policy. In general, most of the left-wing parties in Europe today oppose Zionism and are hostile to Israel.
Jewish anti-Zionism
In the United States and Europe, until World War II the Reform Jews generally opposed Zionism—often denouncing it because it was the opposite of assimilation and American identity. In the U.S. opposition was centered in the American Council for Judaism.[6] With the establishment of Israel in 1948 the opposition softened, and when the Six Day War in 1967 showed Israel was vulnerable to attack, most previously negative Jews became supportive.[7]
In the U.S., many leftist Jews such as Noam Chomsky are hostile to Israel, and are often very friendly to Hamas and the Palestinian cause.
In Israel a small minority of religious Jews, most prominently the Neturei Karta sect, are anti-Zionist for theological reasons. After the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948, three important secular Jewish groups opposed an all-Jewish nation state because it was too religious. The Jewish Labor Bund retained its long-standing critical view of Zionism. Together with the Communist Party of Israel and the socialist Matzpen organization, it fought against Zionism both outside and inside Israel. The Bund challenged Israel's domination over the Jewish diaspora, its discrimination against Arabs in Israel, and its refusal to grant the Palestinians the right to self-determination. However, because of an understanding with the Communists, the Bund was not able to proclaim its ideas in the Israeli Knesset. The Bund remained a minor organization in Israel that had only limited success in the promotion of the Yiddish language and culture. The most important ideological change in the period 1948-72 was the strengthening of the right-wing and social democratic currents in the party. As regards the Bund's approach to the question of Israel/Palestine, the Bund's most significant shift was from advocating a binational federated state to advocating a federation of two nation-states.
Christian Zionists
- See: Christian Zionism
The movement was theoretical and theological until recent decades, when it became the basis for widespread support for Israel among American Fundamentalists.
Further reading
- Brenner, Michael, and Shelley Frisch. Zionism: A Brief History (2003) excerpt and text search
- Cohen, Naomi. The Americanization of Zionism, 1897-1948 (2003). 304 pp. essays on specialized topics
- Laqueuer, Walter. A History of Zionism: From the French Revolution to the Establishment of the State of Israel (2003) good history by a leading scholar excerpt and text search
- Medoff, Rafael. "Recent Trends in the Historiography of American Zionism," American Jewish History 86 (March 1998), 117-134.
- Sachar, Howard M. A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time (2007) excerpt and text search
- Urofsky, Melvin I. American Zionism from Herzl to the Holocaust (1995), the standard history
- Wigoder, Geoffrey, ed. New Encyclopedia of Zionism and Israel (2nd ed. 2 vol. 1994); 1521pp
Primary sources
- Hertzberg, Arthur. The Zionist Idea: A Historical Analysis and Reader (1997), 648pp, major primary sources plus very good introduction
See also
- American Jews
- Louis Brandeis, Zionist leader in U.S.
- Menachem Begin
- Liberal Christianity#Liberal Christianity's Anti-Zionism
- Henry Ford
External links
- Zionism and Israel Information Center
- Zionism and the Creation of Israel
- Zionism.
- Zionism from the Jewish Virtual Library
- Revisionist Zionism
- ↑ Britain was in control of Palestine from 1917 to 1948, and from 1922 Britain had a mandate to rule from the League of Nations.
- ↑ Urofsky (1995)
- ↑ The State Department wanted good relations with the Arabs of the Middle East; the plight of the Jews was not a priority in Foggy Bottom.
- ↑ Moshe Naor, "Israel's 1948 War of Independence as a Total War," Journal of Contemporary History 2008 43(2): 241-257
- ↑ Meir Litvak, "The Islamic Republic of Iran and the Holocaust: Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism," ''Journal of Israeli History'' 2006 25(1): 267-284.
- ↑ Thomas A. Kolsky, Jews Against Zionism: The American Council for Judaism, 1942-1948 (1990).
- ↑ Ilan Kaisar, "Mobilizing American Jewish Liberals to Support American Zionism," The Journal of Israeli History (1994) 15:231-256;


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You'll need 10 cups of popped popcorn to make these, which we got from using roughly 1/2 cup kernels, popping them the good 'ol fashioned way on the stove. How much oil you use is up to you - I drizzled in about 2 tablespoons, but you could get away with as little as one. You could also use more, but this is what worked for us.
Into those airy bites, we tossed in a handful of squishy miniature marshmallows and heaps of broken graham crackers. To be able to keep everything cohesive, make sure the crackers are not too large - think slightly smaller or the same size as the popcorn, about 1/2" in size. Either use a knife and hack away at the sheets (it will take about 8 to 10 rectangles for the amount needed) or use your hands to snap off small chunks. Rather than a bowl, combine the trio of ingredients in a large roasting pan if you have one - this will give you ample room to stir.
What holds the popcorn balls together? Instead of a boiled sugar syrup that you may be more accustomed to, these are made just like Rice Krispie Bars! Butter, marshmallows and a couple pinches of salt, all melted together, are first spiked with vanilla, then poured all over the popcorn concoction. Stirred to coat, leave the mixture be for a couple minutes so you don't burn your fingerprints off. As soon as it was comfortable, scoops of the popcorn were formed into tidy spheres - just be sure to keep your hands coated with cooking spray (or even better, a smear of butter!) to keep any stickiness to a minimum.
To fulfill the S'mores aspect, chocolate needs to make an appearance, right? Instead of working chunks or chips of chocolate into the mixture, each crunchy, yet easy-to-eat ball, is showered in a drizzle of melted bittersweet chocolate. If your kitchen is cool enough, you can keep these stored at room temperature for a day or so before they start to loose their crunch. I, however, don't have that ability today - not only is it a scorcher outside today (hurray for a recipe that doesn't heat up the oven!), inside the house isn't much cooler.
We are having work done on the master bathroom (which means the doors are being left open as they go in and out all day!), so I'll most likely need to keep the balls in the refrigerator to keep the chocolate firm. I also plan on wrapping each individually in either plastic wrap or dropping them into a cellophane bag.
S'Mores Popcorn Balls

subset: commoncrawl


text: in my installation of ISPConfig 2.1.1 (i know not the latest) the pop3 service doesnt seem to be running. im using postfix following EXACTLY how the Suse 10.0 Perfect Install guide says. SOmeone let me know how to get the pop3 service running. Obviosuly this is causeing errors in basicly everything that has to do with mail. (i.e. Webmail, which i just installed) Webmail gives me a php "connection refused on localhost:110" or something like that which means the pop3 service isnt running. also ISPConfig says its "stopped" and it doesnt show up in "netstat -tap" by the way, falko is the man and my new idol


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The following instructions apply to all implementation methods.
Configure tools and roles
- On the System Admin page, select Institution Roles and add a role for a grader (if desired). You can use existing roles for Grade Journey as well.
- In System Admin > Building Blocks > Installed Tools, make the Blackboard Grade Journey Service building block available.
- Open the Blackboard Grade Journey Service menu and select Settings > Grade Extract Settings (Outgoing Data).
- Under Extract Course Role Requirement, update the institution role to select the desired role and select Submit.
- In System Admin > Tools, find Blackboard Grade Journey Service in the list. Make the Grade Approval and Transfer Tool available to new and existing courses.
Notification settings
If desired, you can configure notification settings in Grades Journey. When certain actions occur within the system, the individuals you choose will receive messages describing the activity.
- Select Notification Settings.
- Choose the notification type to edit:
- Select Assignments and Grade Columns to configure the notifications when grade columns have been processed.
- Select Grades Extract to configure the notifications when grades have been extracted.
- Select Grade Event Notification to configure notifications when grade columns have been changed.
- Assign values for To Address, From Address, Subject, and Body.
- Follow the instructions on your screen to include tokens.


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No Google Play? No Problem! Buy our apps directly from our eStore
Click here to visit the Zero Noise Apps eStore for great discounts on our app purchases. You can pay by Paypal or any Credit Card.
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Here are the ratings for the new Charlie's Angels. In this remake of the 1970s hit TV series, three beautiful and adventurous young women (Annie Ilonzeh, Minka Kelly, and Rachael Taylor) work for mysterious Charlie Townsend (voice of Victor Garber) and his detective agency. The first season of Charlie's Angels typically airs on Thursday nights at 8pm on the ABC network.
Here are the TV show's ratings for the 2011-12 season, the best way to tell if Charlie's Angels is going to be cancelled or renewed for season two. Check out our ABC ratings report card to see how this show's numbers compare with the others on the network.
These figures will be updated as the weeks progress so be sure to bookmark and return to this page:
Episode 01-08 (final episode)
Not on the schedule.
Episode 01-07: Thursday, 11/10/11
1.1 in the demo (-8% week-to-week change) with 5.10 million; fifth in the timeslot.
Season average: 1.37 in the demo with 6.24 million.
Demo average rank: #15 of 15 scripted TV shows on the network (Fall 2011 – Spring 2012).
Episode 01-06: Thursday, 11/3/11
1.2 in the demo (0% week-to-week change) with 5.4 million; fifth in the timeslot.
Season average: 1.42 in the demo with 6.43 million.
Demo average rank: #15 of 15 scripted TV shows on the network (Fall 2011 – Spring 2012).
Episode 01-05: Thursday, 10/20/11
1.2 in the demo (-8% week-to-week change) with 5.57 million; fourth in the timeslot.
Season average: 1.5 in the demo with 6.66 million.
Demo rank: #14 of 14 scripted TV shows on the network (Fall 2011 – Spring 2012).
UPDATE: Charlie's Angels has now been cancelled. Production has been shut down after eight episodes. For now, the 10/20 episode is still on the schedule.
Episode 01-04: Thursday, 10/13/11
1.3 in the demo (+8% week-to-week change) with 5.91 million; fifth in the timeslot.
Season average: 1.5 in the demo with 6.93 million.
Demo average rank: #13 of 13 scripted TV shows currently on the network.
Episode 01-03: Thursday, 10/6/11
1.2 in the demo (-20% week-to-week change) with 5.9 million; tied for fourth in the timeslot with The Vampire Diaries.
Season average: 1.6 in the demo with 7.27 million.
Demo average rank: #12 of 12 scripted TV shows currently on the network.
Episode 01-02: Thursday, 9/29/11
The premiere had poor numbers and week two did even worse with a 1.5 in the demo and 7.11 million. That's a week-to-week loss of 29% in the demo. The show was fourth in the timeslot and barely beat CW's Vampire Diaries. It would not be a surprise if ABC pulled this disaster soon. What is it about the network's luck with this timeslot?
Season average: 1.8 demo with 7.94 million.
Episode 01-01: Thursday, 9/22/11
This remake certainly isn't a hit right out of the gate. It attracted only a 2.1 in the 18-49 demographic and 8.76 million viewers. The premiere was in third place for the timeslot and the network's worst-performing scripted series of the week.
On the positive side, based on the 15-minute breakdown of the ratings, most viewers who tuned in to see the premiere stuck with it for the entire hour. That's a positive sign for the second episode because the new Charlie's Angels can't afford to lose any viewers.
Note: These ratings are collected by the Nielsen company and are the final national numbers. These are different from the fast affiliate numbers which are just estimates of the actual ratings and are reported on by most other outlets. The final nationals are typically released within 24 hours of the programming or, in the case of weekends and holidays, a couple days later.
What do you think? Do you like the new Charlie's Angels TV series? Do you think it should be cancelled or renewed for a second season?
Image courtesy ABC.


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Open Wide And Say Yee-Haw! Dentist Goes West In Song
"I'm living the dream." Just hearing the phrase is probably enough to make you roll your eyes and groan. Yet Montana songwriter D.W. Groethe knows someone who, years ago, managed to do just that.
"He was my dentist," Groethe says.
No joke. In fact, Groethe wrote a song in honor of the man who at one time cleaned his teeth.
"So I'm in his office one day, and I'd known him for years," Groethe says. "And he goes, 'Dave, you're going to have to find another dentist. I've sold my practice.' And I've got my mouth full of stuff, so I'm goin' [makes sound like his mouth is full of tubes] — you know, that kind of thing. And I said, 'What?' finally. 'What are you going to do?'
"And he stopped and, with a straight look in my face, he says, 'My whole life, all I've wanted to be is a cowboy.'
"And then, a few years after that, I went down to Medora to the Dakota Cowboy Poetry Gathering. And here comes George walking up — he's got a big old cowboy hat on, the whole works like that. And I went to myself, 'You know, he actually did it!' He sold her out, moved down south of Baker, Mont. He bought an outfit down there, and started raising longhorns and taking care of the horses and everything else they have down there. I mean, he was a cowboy. And he's never been happier.
"A few years back, I was reading a little article in the regional section in the paper. And there's this little headline — it says, 'Medora Man Has North Dakota's Largest Herd of Longhorns.' And, by God, if he didn't. I just laughed when I read this article. And it was within probably that evening, and if not that evening it was certainly by the next evening, I'd written that song."
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


text:
Who | What | Where is ?
Are you ?
a Moto
2/06 Motodom.com duo was invited to speak and present their program for better health in youth, at the Montana School Principals' state conference, and state conference for Montana PTA.
Our opening speech for
Principals' State Conference
Click to listen:
|You're into..?
Heave H.O.E. has to be the the best way to show new players the easiest ways to throw the flying disc.
Tom Monroe,
World Champion
PDGA Hall of Fame Inductee 1993
Multimedia resources for teaching / learning accurate Frisbee disc throws and games.
DVD | PE Clinics
Health & PE
Lesson Plan
Frisbee Activity Unit,
Course Of DISCovery Education (CODE)
Based on Heave H.O.E. DVD
Throwing Tips, Techniques, Tricks.
Plus Basic Instructions for Disc Golf,
Ultimate, Freestyle, Folf & Dogs.
We are focusing on practical living (physical activity and nutrition). A Heave H.O.E. package was given to each attendee in an academy in which 30 P.E. and Health teachers participated to learn how to incorporate DISC golf into their curriculum. The academy was funded by a grant from the Kentucky Dept. of Education.
Dr. Heather R. Adams-Blair
Exercise & Sports Science
Eastern Kentucky University
Our program teaches students about nutrition and physical activity. We gave flying discs to 10,000 children in 12 schools, and a Heave H.O.E. lesson plan package to all the P.E. teachers. All the teachers felt that Heave H.O.E. was really helpful in teaching the kids the proper throwing method.
Chefs For Kids
University Las Vegas Nevada
Cooperative Extension Service
I thought Heave H.O.E. was excellent. It goes through step-by-step how to use a Frisbee with skill and ease. I highly recommend itThe Heave H.O.E. movement keeps floating on the cutting edge, connecting high profile stuff like: obesity, youth-at-risk, after school program needs, latch-key kids, alternative to computer games and TV, etc,.
for all ages!
Christina Chapan,
BS Elementary Ed.,
MA Curriculum & Development
David M. Young,
University Professor,
An advocate for Healthier Communities
Heave H.O.E. offers clear instructions for those ready to get serious about flying disc play, and those just wanting to toss accurately to friends.
Arthur Coddington,
Eleven Time! World Freestyle Champion
Heave H.O.E. is a useful tool in teaching anyone how to improve their throw.
Joy Endicott,
Coach & TD,
University Arkansas
Ultimate Team
A timely how-to program for achieving consistent disc-throwing accuracy.
American Library Assoc., Booklist
For beginners, for adults teaching children, and for people with Frisbee experience. -extremely helpful-
Ralph Stever, LAC
Lincoln County
Prevention Specialist
Our school PE teacher incorporated Motodom's lesson plans into her classes and today in Troy we finished installing the Troy Timber Beast Disc Golf Park located in a 21 acre wooded county park across the street from the school. We had our first Family tournament in May and a Pro/amateur Disc Golf tournament on June. Frisbee's are flying all over the place in Troy. All of our community came together to finance and build our Disc Golf park and Craig and Doug's enthusiasm for both Frisbee and life helped add to our younger students becoming more involved with the sport.
It was a pleasure to work with Motodom on this project and we are presently in negotiations to bring their assembly to middle schools in Libby and Eureka MT next fall. If they happen to be in your neck of the woods ask them to drop by your schools and share their talents. It will change your perspective on what a Frisbee is.
This is a specialty PE lesson plan that was created to give your students the clearest and most concise Frisbee instructions available today for Health and PE classes. Start your youth on a lifetime of disc sport enjoyment that is beginning to lead thousands of students to better health worldwide!
Each lesson includes using key segments of the acclaimed Heave H.O.E. DVD to transfer valuable throwing tips that all your students crave to know and put to use.
When shown to new players (of even the youngest ages!) Heave H.O.E. instructions have proven to advance everyone's Frisbee throwing skills in just one casual viewing. And for those who go on to study it, their throwing skills will leap forward 10 years, in 25 minutes! A revolutionary seed in the history of Frisbee instruction, and a "must see" for every PE and Health class.
The lesson plan is a 10 lesson course which, introduces your students to Ultimate, Disc Golf and Freestyle. However, select parts can easily be used in supplemental clinics that dramatically improve the forehand and backhand throws.
A highly recommended handout, starts to get children using their newfound skills in various ways throughout their neighborhoods, for day after day of free, outooor, Frisbee disc fun.
Or enhance the disc sport program that you currently teach, and watch your students gain greater and greater accuracy and distances with Frisbee discs while they play! Your students will be more quickly, and more certainly, on the path of using disc sport activities for better health over their lifetime!
Your students will also begin sharing this throwing knowledge with others, as a sign of friendship. We ask them to help spread these instructions to others.
The lessons are easy for you to setup and oversee. Including key instructions to adjust for the various abilities of specific age groups: 6-10; 11-15; high school; and adult/college. And how to adjust to different group sizes, from 5 children to 50.
Also included are two samples of the discs that we suggest you use for quickest results and best player satisfaction.
Errol C. Grapevine, TX
"The Heave H.O.E. method is an excellent example of teaching beginners how to throw a disc. I have been disc golfing for some time and for months I was unable to properly teach my daughter (age 12) how to throw a disc. Like Motodom says, "in 25 min of watching this DVD," you can learn to throw a disc. My daughter, on her 3rd throw after watching Heave H.O.E., threw an Innova disc 175 feet! She thinks Heave H.O.E. is great. Thanks Motodom for a wonderful teaching tool."
*FRISBEE is a
registered trademark of Wham-O, Inc.
Additional discs can be orderedas a separate option,
please see below.
(Review from Amazon.com)
by: Paul Grubb Spokane, WA USA -November 9, 2004
"I bought Heave H.O.E. because I was desperate for material to entertain my high school disc club on rainy days. I am the faculty moderator for a couple of dozen high school disc throwers. We play golf every Tuesday and ultimate on Thursdays. This week I showed them Heave H.O.E. and afterwards they ran to the gym. The kids lit up as they began to excel at a previously unachieved pace. I have been playing for years and finally I learned how these throws work. The most beneficial part is that I can teach them now. In addition, this DVD is helping my kids learn the philosophy behind the sport that has taken many of us a long time to understand. The instructions are simple and straightforward, nothing too fancy and totally in keeping with what hucking a disc is all about. If you want to learn very quickly how to flick, skip or pitch a disc with predictable accuracy this is a great DVD."
Lesson Plan Package
1 Instructor's book
+1 Video
(Or Ask For)
Includes easy to use menus
for learning & teaching!
+ 2 FRISBEE Disc
$59.75+$8 s/h
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Bozeman Chronicle Article
U.S. Surgeon General suggests Frisbee to fight obesity
David Satcher |1999 | National TV Turnoff Week, April 21-28
UNICEF Gives
5 Million Iraqi Children
FRISBEEs & PE Lesson Plan
Effective Trauma Therapy in Iraq & Tsunami-hit Schools.
UNICEF Press Release | School In A Box Program | Jan 2005
10,000 Nevada Youth Get A Free Disc & C.O.D.E.
Lesson Plan in Schools
Effective Health Education For Obesity Prevention Program.
University of Nevada Cooperative Extension | Chef's for Kids 2005
Helped by grant from American Academy of Physician's Assistants AAPA .
Frisbees in Fallujah
14,000 imprinted with "friendship" in English and Arabic. Marines requested Frisbees from Spirit of America
" The next time we went to visit the village, we took as many frisbees as we could fit into the open space in the back of our hummers.." Lt. Col. McNease
Your Inventory Needs
For Using the Total CODE Lesson Plan:
(Assumes you need the following numbers of discs for classes of 30 students and under.)
Heave H.O.E. is not only well done, it also sends a good positive image and message of disc sports in general .
Cary Silberman
1st place Advanced Am
2003 Memorial
MT State Disc Golf Champ 2004
I was very impressed with Heave H.O.E., and as an instructor myself, I found it very informative. A must see for beginners, a great tool for intermediates.
Michelle Baker
1st place 2002 Masters Cup (Master)
Several common throwing errors are diagnosed, so if you're having difficulty with that tough forehand toss, give Heave H.O.E. a shot!
The Internet Disc Shoppe
I played the DVD to a class, and they liked it a lot. Each kid seemed to have a favorite skill they were going to try.
Arthur Coddington,
Eleven Time! World Freestyle Champion
Recently, through a grant to Clark County NV, 13 schools were given a flying disc for each student, +10,000 total, as an obesity intervention program for schools at risk for obesity issues. At the same time, these students were educated with the CODE Lesson plan in all their Health and PE classes.
Yesterday a group of teenagers removed my hurricane shutters. During a well-deserved break, they received their first Heave HOE disc lesson... and enjoyed it!
Earl Carswell,
After Hurricane Katrina
See Earl's Frisbee Targets


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We conduct an active listening during the last quarter of 2015 around three insurance companies in Spain: Adeslas, Sanitas and DKV.
Thanks to active listening and online conversations analysis through monitoring tools, you can find opinions and issues of consumers in relation to a brand or product. In this way, we get enough data to be able to react and adapt our social media strategies quickly and easily.
In this report, we can find out what Internet users think about these three insurance companies over the last three months of last year. One of the topics that include more conversations on the Internet about DKV Seguros and Sanitas are promotions or sponsorship in Sport and actions on CSR, such as: the DKV Women's Race, Sanitas Running Brand, Trailwalker (DKV) or the sponsored of Sanitas with Real Madrid football team. Furthermore, we found that the Twitter posts of these insurances have an average reach about more than 24,000 users, of which more than 3,600 users, on average, are engaging with these brands on Twitter.
For further information or to get this report for free, fill in this form:


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Issa Goes Directly to Agencies to Specify Spending Cuts
Letters to heads of 17 departments seek alternatives to sequester.
The top House oversight chairman has plunged into the debate over sequestration by writing to 17 major agencies in search of specific programs or funding streams that could be cut as an alternative to current law's across-the-board requirement.
Rep. Darrell Issa, R-Calif., chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, said in a letter dated March 1, "We cannot avert sequestration without a plan to end the undisciplined and unsustainable federal spending that resulted in the sequester in the first place. Raising taxes on the American people for a second time this year is not the solution to sequestration."
Chiefs of all major departments, from Defense to State to Interior to Homeland Security, are asked to supply "a targeted list of programmatic spending reductions that would be more beneficial to the American people than across-the-board sequestration; and, a list of programs no longer necessary to meet the goals of the agency."
Issa is seeking to put into action recommendations his committee has received from inspectors general. On Tuesday, he will hold a hearing on waste, focusing on the Transportation and Education departments.


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SCDA- Lime Rock Park- UNMUFFLED event- JUNE 13thLime Rock Park
About this event
SCDA- Lime Rock Park- UNMUFFLED Track Day- Saturday, JUNE 13th: 1-6pm
OPEN to Experience drivers only: INTERMEDIATE 1, 2, and Advanced drivers. Racecars also welcomed!
ALL SCDA COVID19 Protocols will be in effect, more info here: https://scda1.com/scda-covid-19-protocols/
Sign up with confidence- Covid 19 cancellation policy.
The Sports Car Driving Association, LLC is pleased to be finally be return to Lime Rock Park for multiple events throughout our 2020 track driving season! This 1.53 facility is a roller coaster ride that deserves its nickname as the Road Racing Center of the East. From the challenging uphill, to the fast 90 degree West Bend turn, to the exhilarating downhill turn - this track has it all. These events sell out quickly, and registration is handled on a first come, first serve basis. Mark your calendars now for this exciting SCDA Lime Rock track day!
This SCDA driving event will be run in our half day format from 1-6pm. Event on Saturday, JUNE 13th is open to Intermediate 1, 2, and Advanced run groups/experience levels. Drivers must be qualified to drive without instructor assistance.
Participants can expect:
- Four on track driving sessions (25mins each session)
In an effort to provide maximum levels of safety, quality, and fun at our events, the SCDA will provide trained and certified flaggers at the corner stations. This ensures that our drivers can focus on one thing- improving their driving skills. This event is geared towards all skill level drivers, from Novice to Advanced. We would like to remind you that Spec Miatas are available for rent at this event.
RUN GROUPS AVAILABLE: SATURDAY, JUNE 13th: 1pm-6pm- UNMUFFLED (no sound restriction)
INTERMEDIATE 1 is also known as the Blue Run Group. (Must have prior experience driving solo without an instructor)
INTERMEDIATE 2 is also known as the White Run Group. (More experienced Intermediate group)
ADVANCED is also known as the Red Run Group. (Highest level- years of track experience)
Event Price:
SCDA Lime Rock Park event entry fees are $399 retail for a single day
Download the SCDA Lime Rock Full Day Schedule for: 6/13 1pm-6pm (INT1, INT2, and ADV groups only)
Click Here for track information on the Lime Rock Park facility
Please CONTINUE to Register:
Event requirements
The Sports Car Driving Association welcomes all driving enthusiasts to attend our events. In the interest of clarification, we would like to outline the basic criteria that should be met, in order to place you in the appropriate run group. We make every effort to ensure that drivers are placed in run groups with other drivers of comparable experience levels. This will ensure that run groups are balanced, safe and fun. This guideline is meant to serve as a tool to help you decide where you would fit in best within SCDA.
Run Group Criteria:
Novice group- NOT available at this event, if unsure if you qualify for INT 1, please email us
INTERMEDIATE 1 is also known as the Blue Run Group. (Must have prior experience driving solo without an instructor)
INTERMEDIATE 2 is also known as the White Run Group. (More experienced Intermediate group)
ADVANCED is also known as the Red Run Group. (Highest level- years of track experience)
*Please note that the above is a rough guideline, more info on the SCDA website. Please contact firstname.lastname@example.com if you are not sure of which group or make a comment during the registration form.
Sound Limit at this event: UNMUFFLED (no sound limit!!!)
PPE: Please make sure you bring a facemask, hand sanitizer, and your own pen. Please see our Covid19 protocols. Please note they are subject to change. https://scda1.com/scda-covid-19-protocols/
Helmets with a SA-2010 or SA-2015 rating are REQUIRED for all SCDA Events
Helmets with an M-rating are not Acceptable. Motorcycle helmets do not have the proper safety requirements for car use, specifically a rollbar multi-impact test.
Helmets MUST have one of these two labels on the inside.
Helmets may be available to rent for $50 upon request, limited sizes and rentals are available. If you are not able to get one prior to event, email us approximate size and we will add a helmet to your entry and charge $50 to card on file.
Helmet Suppliers:
- SCDA Partner Black Armor Helmets Use coupon code SCDA5 for a 5% discount.
- Driving Impressions
- HMS Motorsports
For safety reasons, all convertibles (Boxster, Miata, Corvette, BMW Z4, Honda S2000, Pontiac Solstice etc.) are required to have a roll bar that meets the following two criteria in order to be eligible to run during any event. 1) The roll bar must be in the fixed position and visible at all times. This means that roll bars which are designed to automatically deploy are not acceptable unless they are in the full upright and locked position at all times. 2) The roll bar must allow the driver to pass the "broomstick" test which means that the top of the drivers helmet must be below the line from the top of the roll bar to the top of the windshield. There are aftermarket roll bars and/or seats which can be used to help meet these requirements. If your convertible meets these standards, then you are welcome to participate! Factory hard tops are acceptable at most tracks, as well.


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After upsetting Courteney Cox by dishing intimate details about their separation on Howard Stern's Sirius Satellite Radio show, David Arquette returned to the airwaves Wednesday morning — and blabbed some more.
He told Stern he got weepy after having sex for the first time following their separation.
"After the first girl I slept with … a few days later … I was, like, crying…" he said. "It was the end of all the intimacy I shared with my wife. It was like a new thing. It was like … putting that away."
He said the sex — presumably with waitress Jasmine Waltz — wasn't as special because it lacked "that emotional love that I always had with Court."
Asked if he's sleeping with anyone new these days, Arquette, 39, replied, "…There's some stuff happening," and then admitted bedding a blonde Australian he met at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel.
When Stern recommended Arquette date Jennifer Aniston, Arquette laughed. "Not right, not good," he said.
When it came to the separation, he said he and Cox, 46, didn't sign a prenup – and that she's worth $100 million.
He also admitted he has been "drinking a little more" since Cox left him. (He even downed a few on his way to Stern's show. "I did, yes," he said. "I was on the red eye.")
The biggest message he tried to convey? He's "still f*****g in love with my wife," he said.
When Stern asked if Cox doesn't want to be with him, Arquette replied, "I don't know about that … we gotta kind of make this separation more separate … It's just not so easy to communicate."
He said they are still on good terms, even though she "got really pissed" when she heard his first interview with Stern. (He said she was in "our therapist's office … [then] we talked it all out and then we took a walk, and it was great.")
He played coy when asked if she was seeing her Cougar Town costar Brian Van Holt, whom Arquette called "a cool guy … Any guy would be blessed to be with her. … I don't have any hard feelings for anyone. This is life and we are just going through it publicly."
Arquette was much more tight-lipped later in the morning during an appearance on LIVE! with Regis & Kelly.
He denied ever cheating on Cox, with whom he has a daughter, Coco, 6. "I was faithful to my wife for 11 years," he insisted. "Completely devoted."
He went on to say that the two had been separated for a while with an agreement that they could date other people. "I didn't want to get labeled as a cheater," he explained. "I'm just trying to be honest about what I'm doing."
For now, he sees their separation as a necessary. "We're at very different places," he said. "She wants real calm and growth. I'm feeling a little wild."
Asked whether they could reconcile he replied, "There's always a chance. I love her with all my heart."


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Tony Parker talks about playing for legacy with Spurs, France
Published September 5, 2015 04:00 AM
When you talk about the greatest European players in NBA history, Tony Parker's name has to come up. He's a four-time NBA champion including one where he was Finals MVP (2007), a six-time All-Star, four times All-NBA second team, plus he has a European championship where he was the unquestioned leader of the French team.
At age 33, he is back defending that Euro title starting today (Saturday).You can bet Gregg Popovich would prefer Parker be back in San Antonio prepping for the season in a lower-risk environment, but Parker told ESPN that playing for this title is about his legacy, and he can't pass it up.
"My idol was Michael Jordan," Parker said. "He was always motivated to get better. Lots of people have asked me, 'Tony, why do you continue to play for the French national team? There's nothing to prove.' But I'm motivated, to play as long as possible, to use my talents for as long as possible and to push my limits."You look for things to motivate you. There's history you can look at. There have been many great teams that have come before you: Yugoslavia, the great teams, Spain [now]. They're a super example for us. ... Perhaps in 10, 15, 20 years, we'll have inspired the basketball players of France."
Parker is the best player ever to come out of France (a country that had 10 players on NBA rosters at the start of last season). When the discussion turns to the greatest European player ever in the NBA the first answer is usually Dirk Nowitzki, and with good reason. But Parker should be mentioned in that same breath.
Now, he says, "it's an honor to be in a conversation for the best European player in history. You don't think of that when you start. You have all the names, guys like [Toni] Kukoc, [Drazen] Petrovic who stood out in European basketball. It's bizarre to think of someone from France being near No. 1."
It's not as bizarre as it used to be, which is part of Parker's legacy.


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How to Maintain Your ZÜCA
Wear and tear are normal, and we understand that you love your ZÜCA. Did you know that you don't have to replace the whole ZÜCA Frame if a part breaks down? We've got you covered with wheels, handles, front wrappers and velcro for replacement.
Explore the options below and learn how to extend the life of your ZÜCA.
Please Call ZÜCA
Customer Service
We Can Help!
If you prefer to speak to a real person you can call our Customer Service Department at 800-799-6548.


text: If you intend to get into the China Importing business, most experts would suggest that you should personally go to China. There, you can meet in person with your potential suppliers, brokers, and even physically inspect the products you plan to import to your country. But China has sets of practices, quite different than at home. In addition, an unknown language is to speak Chinese. How should you act and behavior? So you are with this dilemma, here are a few tips that should be useful if you are on a business trip in China.


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Old Bowling Green Reservoir Dam is a dam located just 1.8 miles from Bowling Green, in Pike County, in the state of Missouri, United States, near Tarrants, MO. Fishermen will find a variety of fish including largemouth bass and others here.
Join us as we discuss the Missouri Fishing License options, fishing rules and fishing regulations.
Please remember to check with the local Fish and Wildlife department to ensure the stream is open to the public. Now get out there and fish! Check out our Fishing Times chart to determine when the fish will be most active.
"Largemouth fishing is slow but can be caught on worms or flukes...." Draper Branch
"The freshwater Drum are bitting nightcrawlers very well...." North Fork Salt River
"The freshwater Drum are bitting nightcrawlers very well...." Middle Fork Salt River
Tips, tactics, gear reviews for everything from bass and bluegills to stripers and bluefish - if it's fishing related, we cover it.
Get the latest outdoor news regularly.


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- Authoress
- Crits and Contests
- Success Stories
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- Contact
- Baker's Dozen Success Stories
- General Success Stories
- Published Authors
- Secret Agent Success Stories
- Peter Adam Salomon
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- Home
Monday, April 20, 2009
Secret Agent Unveiled: KATE SCHAFER TESTERMAN
Kate's bio:
After nearly ten years with industry powerhouse agency Janklow & Nesbit Associates, Kate Schafer Testerman formed kt literary in early 2008, where she concentrates on middle grade and YA fiction as well as diving into some adult commercial fiction and narrative nonfiction. Bringing to bear the experience of working with a large agency, she's looking forward to concentrating on all aspects of working with her authors, offering hands-on experience, personal service, and a surfeit of optimism.
Her clients include Maureen Johnson, Alyson Noël, Ellen Booraem, S. Terrell French French, Lili Wilkinson, Josie Bloss, and Matthew Cody, among other exciting newcomers. Kate is a graduate of the University of Delaware's Honors Program, a former cast member of the New York Renaissance Faire, and an avid collector of shoes. Her interests cover a broad range including teen chick lit, urban fantasy and magical realism, adventure stories, and romantic comedies. She is an active member of the SCBWI.
What Kate is currently looking for:
"As always, I'm a sucker for a good romantic comedy -- my first choice would be one for a YA audience, but I love women's fiction as well. Some editor friends and I were lamenting the lack of a good Veronica Mars-esque teen detective story, so I'd love to find one of those, and as a former theatre geek, ice skater, and gymnast, I'd love to find YA novels that truly delve into those worlds as well. Beyond that, my interests get more general: adventure stories that keep me up too late reading, especially for middle grade, romances that make me swoon, and anything that makes me laugh out loud. I concentrate on YA and middle grade fiction, women's fiction, and do the very rare popculture narrative nonfiction -- something like Around the World in 80 Dates or Round Ireland With a Fridge."
And there you have it! As always, feel free to leave a personal thank-you for Kate in the comment box.
Coming up: This round's winners!
22 comments:
Thanks so much for taking the time to do this. And, although you weren't too keen on my submission, #22. I'm always anxious to hear what my words sound like in someone else's head.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousApril 20, 2009 at 9:15 AM
Thanks for being a Secret Agent Kate. I always find it helpful to see my MS through the eyes of someone else. This is a great forum for me to grow as a writer, develop a thicker skin and dance around like a giddy fool when I do get a compliment ;o)ReplyDelete
Kim #37
Thank you for the time and (incredible) effort you put into this. Your comments on my entry (#42) were very thoughtful and informative (constructive criticism is ALWAYS a good thing to me).ReplyDelete
Thanks, again!!
I wasn't playing this time around, but I always like seeing what agents think, so thanks!ReplyDelete
Thank you Kate, for taking the time to be a Secret Agent. I was an entrant, and I appreciate the comments you gave me. #36ReplyDelete
- AnonymousApril 20, 2009 at 9:52 AM
Thanks Kate for taking the time to share your thoughts on my entryReplyDelete
#13. I appreciate your candor and suggestion.
Thank you for the feedback, Kate! I know it takes a huge amount of time and effort to be a Secret Agent. I'm grateful for your willingness and honesty.ReplyDelete
Thank you for all your feedback. I know we are all busy, and I wasn't able to critique nearly as many as I would have liked to. (I did read all of them.) But you took the time to read all 50 and comment in a meaningful way. Thanks again.ReplyDelete
This exercise has me reworking my first page, and I wasn't even in the contest.ReplyDelete
Great feedback, love the honesty. I'll be trying to get mine in the next go-round (as long as it's my genre).
I read them all, but didn't critique as much as cheerlead a few. I will be more involved next time.
Thanks to Miss Snark's First Victim and Ms. Schafer!
So it was Kate!ReplyDelete
She already rejected my partial, but she did give some great feedback that resulted in major rewrites to the whole ms. I moved on, and it is now out with three other agents. Yeah, Kate, for not just sending out a form rejection.
And thanks for being this month's agent. I'm looking forward to see who the winners are.
This was an invaluable help - a peek inside an agents mind as she reads 50 first pages. I learned a great deal from all of your comments. Thanks again.
Laurie (#38)
I didn't participate but love the inside look at an agents thoughts. Frankly, it scares me - and that's a good thing.ReplyDelete
I'm wondering if Kate can give a good answer to this ... what I write sort of borders somewhere between YA and adult fiction. Is there any hard and fast answer for where exactly that line is?ReplyDelete
- AnonymousApril 20, 2009 at 12:06 PM
Thanks for all your feedback! As a result I've already gone back and revised! Great having you here!!!ReplyDelete
Good question Klo! I would also like to hear Kate's answer to that.ReplyDelete
And thanks Kate!And Authoress. It's so nice to be able to know the "why" behind the no.
Thanks, all! It was fun to be here and read your comments on the same material! Klo, would you mind sending me your question in an email to email@example.com? I'd love to answer it, and if it goes to that address, then I most definitely will -- on my blog at http://www.ktliterary.com/daphneReplyDelete
It got a bit tough in the trenches here and there, but I'm glad I made it through. The tips to tighten up that ever-important first page are priceless! Thanks to Kate for your time and consideration of all 50 entries, and to you Authoress, for being such a gracious hostess. (Hugs from #27)ReplyDelete
Thank you Kate! Your feedback was incredibly helpful and we were lucky that Authoress and yourself take the time to do things like these :)ReplyDelete
Thanks again!
Kate and Authoress, thanks for hosting the contest. The time you put into the writing community is a true service.ReplyDelete
Fellow writers, thank you for all the comments and suggestions. I'm glad most readers were able to get a mental picture of a totally impractical swimsuit. Also, thanks for making me feel young again with all the fun YA pieces.
Just wanted to thank you for your time. You comments on all the posts were very insightful.ReplyDelete
Thanks, Kate. You have such great things to say on all the entries. I know that takes tons of time. So thanks again!ReplyDeleteReplies
Thanks for your thoughts. It was helpful cause now i learned exactly new information about kate schafer. I think you shoud post this information on Twitter where a large amount of users could see it and don`t forget to buy twitter followers and quickly boost their number.Delete


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Item #5164136X0
The essential cotton poplin.
Pair it with jeans, and this lightweight garment-washed poplin is ready for 9–5 comfort. Toss on a tie and jacket, and it's ready for dinner after, too. That's the beauty of poplin: it's effortlessly versatile. Combed cotton and 40s width yarns make this one smooth yet strong, and we've finished it with a buttondown collar, chest pocket and box pleat for a classic look and comfortable fit.


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"There was no brief — it was pure experimentation."- Eric Avar
The Nike Air Foamposite One is a shoe that opened minds and assisted a generation of players. What many don't know is that it was inspired by sunglass protection. Uniting the Advanced group, then known as A.P.E. (Advanced Product Engineering), marketing and the designers at Nike, lead designer Eric Avar recalls the question, "Okay, what could we do? How do we step outside of the norm of the way we look at design and manufacturing shoes?"
During a meeting, a molded sunglass case on the table became a focal point. Made of EVA foam with a fabric cover, the case was lightweight, but it had structure and form. It inspired Avar and the team. "We were like, 'Wow, wouldn't that be great if we were able to do a shoe like that?' It was one piece, it was seamless design and it just conformed around the object."
That inspiration was just the start of a three-year endeavor to develop and refine manufacturing techniques that could reach that end goal. It was a total team effort of designers, developers and engineers.
A poured PU envelope would create a seamless fluid structure. Add the performance attributes of Nike's best basketball footwear at the time and you had a radical departure in design — a high-performing shoe with an unorthodox appearance.
The Foamposite now needed its athlete. "We had it and we'd been working with it for some time and were, quite honestly, a little undecided on what to do with it," recalled Avar. On meeting Penny Hardaway to discuss the Nike Air Penny III, Avar brought along an early Foamposite sample. "I wasn't sure I was even going to show that sample to him. We had other ideas we were presenting. But he leaned over, looked into the bag and said, 'What is that?' He reached in, grabbed it and he says, 'This is my next shoe!' I was like, 'Okay! There's the go-to-market strategy!'"
Perhaps subconsciously, Penny was the target all along. Adding iridescent colors to the Foamposite was a logical step in a bold new process, showcasing the dimensions of the shoe and its seamless build. But why blue? Avar feels it was an unconscious decision. "I think that was one of the reasons I picked blue —I had Penny in mind."


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I would happily put either side of Grosse Scheidegg on any top ten list of great Alpine cycling climbs. Both sides are very challenging …. and unbelievably beautiful.
This weekend I cycled the Grindelwald side (and up to First). Strangely (for me, at least), I cycled both sides last year and never blogged about it, so I thought I'd write a single post here outlining both sides.
Grosse Scheidegg (1962 metres) is a mountain pass in central Switzerland linking Grindelwald and Meiringen. Located in the Berner Oberland, the climb is dominated by some of the highest mountains in Europe including the Jungfrau, as well as the renowned Eiger north face.
The top part of the road on both sides is closed to car traffic, but regular Post Buses do come flying up and down every now and then.
For more routes in the Berner Oberland see here.
#1 West – Grindelwald side – & above to First
Three kilometres from the start in pretty but very touristy village of Grindelwald, the road becomes a narrow bike/bus only route:
The climb is through untreed alpine pastures often with grazing cows, but it rubs up against high mountains the entire way up. There is not much more to say: it's simply a steep, tiny, well-surfaced road to paradise. This weekend, I remembered, between gasps, to enjoy the fabulous environment.
A couple of photos of Doreen conquering Grosse Scheidegg in 2012:
Don't stop at the Summit!
This weekend, I purposely brought a hybrid bike, so I could continue higher along one of the truly great paths I have ever pedaled. From the summit at Grosse Scheidegg there is a road along the ridge that leads to First. Some of it is paved, but much is bumpy gravel, especially the last very steep kilometre to First (2167 metres).
Much of this extension is fairly easy, but the views ……. I know …… I am repeating myself. Let me just show a few photos:
First is at the top of a cable car that starts in Grindelwald, and lots of hikers ride up for the views and a gentle hike to a nearby lake. Cycling is forbidden past this point due to all the walkers.
#2 East – Meiringen Side
Below is from a 2010 blog post
Perhaps it was the perfect weather or the fresh snow on the high mountains, but this is one of the most beautiful, big climbs I've ever done.
This is a very steep climb. Starting near Meiringen, there are two possible starts: The Route 8 National route (fine for road bike) or the Route 1 national mountain bike route (some gravel / quieter). Both are steep, narrow roads through the woods and soon join up with each other (see map below).
After surviving the first several kilometres, the views become staggering. High mountains and glaciers straight ahead.
Most of the route climbs along side a mountain river – sometimes a babbling brook, sometimes a raging torrent, and sometimes an impressive waterfall (see below).
After a couple of easier kilometres about half way up, the road turns up again, with probably the steepest ramp of the climb in the high teens for a few hundred metres. But the ever improving views help ease the pain in the legs.
There were lots of cyclists around, some driving up and descending, some starting half way up, and the bravest starting from the bottom.
At the top is a nice little restaurant and views of more mountains including the famous Eiger north face (over my left shoulder in pic below). To see details of cycling up this other – also spectacular – side to Grosse Scheidegg, from Grindelwald, see here.
It's possible to do a great loop, continuing down to Grindelwald, then Interlake, then back to Meiringen – best done on a Hybrid or Mountain bike to enjoy traffic-avoiding trails lower down as well as a great route alongside the Brienzer see.
But I wanted to head back down the way I came and have a look at the Reichenbach falls (marked on map).
This is where Sherlock Holmes was believed to have fallen to his death along with the evil Moriarty. It is a short hike from the road, with a walk to various look-out points. In Meiringen below, there is a Sherlock Holmes museum, statue, etc.
For more routes in the Berner Oberland see here.
I would happily put either side of Grosse Scheidegg on any top ten list of great Alpine cycling climbs. Both sides are very challenging .... and unbelievably beautiful. The top stretches are closed to traffic. And with a mountain bike one can even go above Grosse Scheidegg for even better views. Truly Paradise.
Quiet / No Traffic
Fun Factor


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Donor Information
|Gifts and Appraisals
|Professional Appraisal Associations
|Local Appraisers
|Further Information
|Rare Book Collection
The University Libraries welcome and accept gifts that enhance the strengths of the existing collections and support the instructional and research programs of the University. Like purchases, gifts are selected for the collections using criteria outlined in the Collection Development Policy.
Donors should be aware that all gifts are accepted with the understanding that upon receipt the University becomes the owner of the material and, as such, reserves the right to determine retention, location, cataloging treatment, and other considerations relating to the use and disposition.
As an interested party, the library cannot participate in the appraisal process. The responsibilities of the donor and donee are fully defined by the Internal Revenue Service. While there are many details, the principal points to remember are:
Professional Appraisal Associations
|American Society of Appraisers
555 Herndon Parkway, Suite 125
Herndon, VA 20170
Phone: (800) 272-8258
Fax: (703) 742-8471
Email: email@example.com
Website: www.appraisers.org
|The Appraisers Association of America
386 Park Avenue South, Suite 2000
New York, NY 10016
Phone: (212) 889 5404
Fax: (212) 889 5503
Email: email@example.com
Website: www.appraisersassoc.org
|International Society of Appraisers
Riverview Plaza Office Park
16040 Christensen Road Suite 102
Seattle, WA 98188-2929
Phone: 206-241-0359
Fax: 206-241-0436
Email: email@example.com
Website: www.isa-appraisers.org
|Art Dealers Association of America
575 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10022
Phone: (212) 940-8590
Fax: (212) 940-6484
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Website: https://artdealers.org/appraisal-service
Local Appraisers
Local dealers who specialize in book appraisals are:
|Michael Hatcher
2521 N. Downer Avenue
Milwaukee, WI 53211
Phone: (414) 962-2756
|Andrew McLean
111 Eleventh Street
Racine, WI 53403
Phone: (262) 287-3159
Further Information
Questions concerning gifts to the Marquette University Libraries may be directed to:
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Sign up now to stream Sorcerous Stabber Orphen: Revenge, subs, tons of dubs, OVA's, simulcasts, plus the all new Dubcast℠ editions and more!
A strange talisman bearing even stranger runes causes its wearer to move at the speed of sound. The gang races against the clock before things get really out of hand!
Wanting a vacation, Orphen, Majic, and Cleao take a trip to a hot spring. When rumors of an evil sorcerer surface, Orphen is suspected.
While Orphen gains the support of one of the local hotels, a hot springs tycoon has the entire area under his control, forcing the smaller resorts out of business.
Orphen and his friends meet up with Lycoris, and Cleao believes unsavory things about her intentions.
Volcan finds himself in a supernatural dilemma, after a visit to a mysterious lake with a long-standing legend that it grants wishes.
Orphen and his friends come into contact with a man seeking to free his fianceé from the grip of a powerful sorcerer. The bigger problem? It's his father.
The self proclaimed hero Black Tiger, or Shrimp Man, makes his triumphant return. He isn't alone though, as someone else is hoping to steal his thunder.
The gang stops off for a much needed rest. Orphen sends the girls to do a bit of shopping, sparking an adventure of their own as they get mixed up in a robbery.
With funds running low, Lycoris needs a plan. It looks like it's time for some odd jobs! Even Orphen has been brought in to earn a few coins, all thanks to some nude modeling.
A strange talisman bearing even stranger runes causes its wearer to move at the speed of sound. The gang races against the clock before things get really out of hand!
The gang wants to make a stop at a hot spring, instead stumbling across a paradoxical subspace that has been created by Volcan's desires -- but he's not even aware of it.
The next stop is the famous Honeymoon Mecca! Majic is quite the ladies man, drawing the jealousy of Eris, who happens to be in town with Harita to keep an eye on Orphen.
Flame Soul strikes! While Majic and Cleao team up with Black Tiger and White Club to fend off the monsters ravaging the city, Flame Soul is making Orphen stand trial.
Lycoris catches a cold that could stop everything, but Orphen is positive that he has the cure. While he and Majic hunt, Cleao is working on brewing up a home remedy.
The worst possible fate befalls the group: they run out of money, and even the Knighthood refuses continued finance.
While Orphen and Cleao fight again, Volkan and Dortin convince themselves they're on the moon, but they are in for quite the rude awakening and plenty of punishment.
The girls decide that it's time for a little relaxation, while Majic and Orphen work their tails off to pay for everything. But when a monster is running amok, who can relax?
While Cleao, Majic, and Lycoris enjoy some relaxation in a small cottage, Orphen has one big problem: himself. Five of him.
On their way to the Royal Public Order of Knighthood, Majic and Cleao manage to stop by their home in Totokanta for a visit to their family. Lycoris begins acting stranger.
Lycoris decides to leave so that she can find her home, and is plagued by memories long forgotten. Meanwhile, Majic debates becoming a sorcerer and training with Esperanza.
Esperanza has kidnapped Majic, and Orphen is determined to get him back. Together with Cleao and Lycoris, they head for Erukarena's Temple. Flame Soul has other plans.
The group chases Magic, who's been kidnapped. In the midst of the chaos, Flame Soul has been reborn using the body of his mother and launches an attack.
Orphen and the group arrive at the ancient temple ruins, where they find the Macgregors and Elkarna. MacGregor and Orphen begin their battle.
When Orphen realizes the reason behind all of the events that have happened up to this point, he throws himself into battle with Elkarna to protect everything.


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Is it possible to reduce the sourness in my bread
I used a starter with a bit of wholewheat and rye instead of using my regular white starter for my recent bake and bulk fermented in the fridge for 18 hrs as I had to go out on Sat. afternoon and was too late to bake by the time I got home and had to wait till Sunday morning. The bread was fine but I found it a little sour, (not sure if this could be due to the ww/rye starter as it smells stronger than my white starter). The taste is acceptable to me, ( I have not choice since I made it) but I'm hesitant to give my breads away to friends who may find the sourness overwhelming. I read in the posts that longer fermentation time results in a better flavour but does " better flavour" mean sourness in this case? I've never had the opportunity to taste an original sourdough bread so I'm unable to tell if the level of acidity in my bread is right or too much.
My question then is whether the level of acidity can be adjusted through timing or do I need to change the feeding ratio of my starter. Any advice would be appreciated, thank you.
P.S. I have used the "Search" function and came up with Debra Winks' article on Lactic Acid Fermentation. This is all too technical and scientific for a simple-minded home baker such as I to fully comprehend, Just trying to understand the complexities of sourdough is enough for me to want to give up and just settle for simple yeasted breads!!


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It can't be easy being Thom Yorke. If you can strip away the obvious benefits of being a 'rock star', and the massive assumptions most people make about what this entails, then famous people are essentially just like everyone else. Success and money do not automatically equal happiness or fulfillment, or even satisfaction and comfort.
Take into consideration the myriad complexities that public life can create if you allow it to do so. In the case of Radiohead, and even more so with Yorke specifically, there are all sorts of issues that arise from being in the public eye. Attempts to use bands to create political capital are well documented throughout the past few decades, as are Radiohead's responses: they refused to meet with Tony Blair (he has 'no environtmental credentials') whilst agreeing to meet with Gordon Brown; they released a press statement denying suggested links between a request for 'Fake Plastic Trees' by Tory hopeful David Cameron and its appearance in a subsequent setlist; they've been criticised politically both for doing an unbranded, independent 'big top' tour and then a few years later agreeing to headline V, the most anodyne, corporate festival of them all. For Thom Yorke, it isn't as simple as happily trotting up to Number 10, Noel Gallagher style. Because, if you look for them, there are strings everywhere: tripwires, traps, manipulation, conspiracy, hypocrisy and injustice. It could almost be that Radiohead (a name suggested by EMI back when they were still a high school band called On a Friday) really are tuned in to having the potential ramifications of everything they do beamed directly into the brain.
So nobody expected Thom Yorke's first solo album to be a basket of roses. This album has a pervasive nervousness and tension throughout; a taut mass of tick-tock waiting-room-clock beats, scratchy guitar parts and uptight synth. The opener and title track is a softly issued threat, or a statement of intent, "The more you try to erase me, the clearer I appear" _echoing the (similarly disenfranchised) Morrissey line _"the more you ignore me the closer I get". From a hissy piano loop beginning, it spreads into a deceptively soft chorus cushioned with ten-deep reverbed vocals, then dissolves slowly into distorted synth and gentle howls.
This is an album that's at its best when the hooks come to the fore. 'Black Swan''s scrawny picked guitar and clicky beat is both indelibly catchy and quietly brooding, 'Harrowdown Hill' (a timely sideways glance at the death of Dr David Kelly) builds into a cold, menacing and lonely conspiracy tale ("don't walk the plank like I did - you'll be dispensed with"), and 'Atoms For Peace' contains rare moments of optimism ("no more talking about the old days - it's time for something great"). While these high points are probably worth buying this album for alone, it's a bit of a shame that some of the other tracks aren't quite in the same league. But with Thom Yorke's singing voice as the centrepiece of the album, from mumbled semi-coherent rants and mantras to his soaring falsetto, even a song that doesn't sound entirely memorable is worth listening to.
So, while The Eraser might not be a genre-busting classic like Kid A or OK Computer it's a good, solid record nonetheless - even if many people might find that the skip button gets used just that little bit too often for it to be the masterpiece they may have been hoping for.
7John Brainlove's Score


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This diocese of the German Empire takes its name from the ancient Benedictine abbey of Fulda. To systematize the work of evangelizing Germany, St. Boniface organized a hierarchy on the usual ecclesiastical basis; in Bavaria the Dioceses of Salzburg, Freising, Ratisbon, and Passau; in Franconia and Thuringia, Würzburg, Eichstätt, Buraburg near Fritzlar, and Erfurt. To facilitate missionary work farther north, especially among the Saxons, he sought a suitable spot for the location of a monastery. He chose for this mission St. Sturmius, who, after journeying far and wide, found an appropriate place in the great forest of Buchonia, in the district of Grabfeld on the Fulda. Boniface sanctioned this choice of a location, and petitioned Carloman, to whom the country round about belonged, to grant him the site for a monastery. Carloman yielded to the saint's request, and also induced the Frankish nobles who had estates in the vicinity to bestow a part of them on the Church. On 12 March, 744, St. Sturmius took solemn possession of the land, and raised the cross. The wilderness was soon cleared, and the erection of the monastery and church, the latter dedicated to the Most Holy Redeemer, begun under the personnel direction of St. Boniface. He appointed St. Sturmius first abbot of the new foundation, which he intended to surpass in greatness all existing monasteries of Germany, and to be a nursery for priests. The rule was modelled on that of the Abbey of Monte Cassino, as Sturmius himself had gone to Italy (748) for the express purpose of becoming familiar with it. To secure absolute autonomy for the new abbey, Boniface obtained from Pope Zachary a privilege, dated 4 November, 751, placing it immediately under the Holy See, and removing it from all episcopal jurisdiction. The authenticity of this document has frequently been called into question, but on the whole it is considered as well established. (For further details see Tangl in "Mitteilungen des Instituts für österreichische Geschichtsforschung", 1899; and B. Sepp, "Die Fuldaer Privilegien Frage", Ratisbon, 1908.) In 753 Pepin gave the royal sanction to this exemption from episcopal jurisdiction. Boniface showed his love for Fulda when he charged that his remains should be laid to rest there.
Under the prudent administration of St. Sturmius (d. 779), the monastery soon rose to greater splendour; from an early period the tomb of St. Boniface made it a national sanctuary for Christian Germany. Great success crowned the agricultural work of the monks, and small colonies which were established in different places gradually became the centres of villages and civil communities. Soon Fulda was the mother-house of a number of smaller monasteries, which were later administered by provosts under the superiorship of the abbot. The gifts of German princes, nobles, and private individuals increased the landed possessions of the abbey so rapidly that they soon extended over distant parts of Germany; there were estates in Thuringia, Saxony, Hesse, Bavaria, Lorraine, Swabia: possessions along the Rhine, in East Frisia, and even at Rome (the church of Sant' Andrea). Even in artistic and literary lines Fulda rose to great importance. On the site of the first church, which had been artistically decorated by Sturmius, there rose under Abbots Baugulf (779-802), Ratgar (802-17), Eigil (818-22), and Rabanus Maurus (822-42) a magnificent edifice which roused the admiration of contemporaries, and even of posterity, and exerted a lasting influence on architectural and artistic activity in distant places. In addition to architecture, sculpture and painting were zealously cultivated. The monastic school established by Sturmius began to flourish during the time of Charlemagne and Alcuin, and, under Rabanus Maurus, particularly, was the chief nursery of civilization and learning in Germany, and became celebrated throughout Europe. It was open not only to theological students, but also to young men desiring to embrace secular careers. The curriculum embraced the subjects usually taught during the Middle Ages: the seven liberal arts (grammar, rhetoric, dialectics, arithmetic, geometry, physics, and astronomy), the different branches of theology, and the German language. Among the most renowned pupils of this school were: Rabanus Maurus, Walafried Strabo, Servatus Lupus, Otfried of Weissenburg, Rudolfus Fuldensis, Williram, Probus, and Meginhard; among the laity: Einhard, Bernhard, King of Italy, and Ulrich von Hutten. Rabanus also founded a library to familiarize the Germans with religious and classical literature, and the zeal of the monks soon produced rich treasures of valuable manuscripts. Unfortunately the greater part of this library disappeared during the looting of the abbey by the Hessians in 1631, and has not since been discovered.
Gradually the monastery rose to a commanding position in the German Empire. From 968 the abbot was primate of all the Benedictine monasteries of Germany and Gaul; from the time of Otto I, arch-chancellor of the empress, whom he crowned jointly with the Elector of Mainz; from the twelfth century he was a prince of the empire; from 1184 had the privilege of sitting at the left of the emperor; and from 1360 the imperial banner was borne before him by a knight. This glory, however, was not wholly without shadows. The monastic discipline was relaxed to such a degree that Abbot Marquard (1150-65) undertook to carry out a reform by introducing the regulations in force at Hirsau (Consuetudines Hirsaugienses). The importance of the school as a centre of learning also declined. The great wealth of the abbey in landed possessions, tithes, revenues, and regalia drew an increasing number of nobles to the monastery. By the twelfth century the monks of noble birth had monopolized the seats of the chapter and, in the course of time, practically all the important offices of the abbey itself, as well as the provostships of the dependent houses, were held by members of the German nobility. The difficulty of administering the vast landed possessions caused the abbots to grant certain sections in fief, which eventually resulted in great losses to the abbey; for the feudatories frequently turned their positions to their own personal interests, and sought to convert the fiefs into private property. One of the most notable illustrations of the greed of these monastic stewards is shown by the action of Count Johann von Ziegenhain in the fourteenth century, who, in an insurrection of the burgers of the city of Fulda against Abbot Heinrich VI von Hohenberg (1315-53), headed an attack on the monastery. Not infrequently, too, the obligations of the abbots as princes of the empire, and the demands made upon them by the state proved most detrimental to the interests of the monastery and its inmates. In 1294, on application of the convent, the pope enjoined a separation of the abbatial and the conventual tables, which was put into effect in 1300 under Abbot Heinrich V von Weilnau (1288-1313) (cf. Rübsam, "Heinrich V. von Weilnau, Fürstabt von Fulda", Fulda, 1879). Imperial capitulations, of which there are records as early as the time of Heinrich VII von Kranlucken (1353-72), especially those of Johann I von Merlau (1395-1440), the "Old Statutes of 1395", restricted to a considerable degree the authority of the abbot over the convent, and raised correspondingly the independent status of that institution. In the mother-house the dean eventually replaced the abbot for all practical purposes. For centuries the chapter preserved this independence, which involved the almost complete exclusion of the abbot from the ecclesiastical organization of his monastery.
At a comparatively early date the teachings of the Reformers found access to the chapter of Fulda, with which, in 1513, the Abbey of Hersfeld had been united; and Abbot Johannes III von Henneberg (1521-41) was forced to consent to a decree of reform favouring the spread of the new doctrines. The zealous Abbot Balthasar von Dermbach (1570-1606) proved an earnest restorer of discipline in the chapter, vigorously inaugurating the work of the Counter-Reformation. Banished by the members of the chapter and their colleagues in 1576, he was unable to return to his abbey until 1602, great progress having been made meanwhile by the imperial administrators in restoring the Catholic Faith. The foundation of a Jesuit college in 1571 was the signal for the reflorescence of the school, which had sunk to comparative insignificance. In addition to the Jesuit gymnasium, Gregory XIII founded (1584) a papal seminary, which he placed under the direction of the Jesuits. Both of these institutions have contributed largely to the maintenance and spread of the Catholic Faith in Germany. A similar zeal for reform was displayed by Balthasar's second successor, Johann Bernhard Schenk von Schweinsberg (1623-32), whose exertions, together with the decrees of several papal visitors, particularly Pietro Luigi Caraffa (1627), restored to the abbot a certain measure of his proper authority, over against that of the chapter and the professors of noble birth. The decrees of reform issued by Caraffa, against which the provosts rebelled after the nuncio's departure, were repeatedly confirmed by the Holy See. The capitulars and provosts of noble birth still retained the privilege of admitting into the chapter only such as could show a certain number of noble ancestors, and this prerogative received papal confirmation in 1731. During the Thirty Years War the chapter was again menaced; in 1631, Landgrave Wilhelm V of Hesse, by virtue of a treaty with Gustavus Adolphus, received the abbey in fief to Sweden, and sought gradually to make Protestantism predominant. After the battle of Nördlingen, however, he no longer had power over Fulda. When the turmoil of the war had ceased, the abbey experienced a period of peace and prosperity. In 1732 the Jesuit and Benedictine schools were united, enlarged, and converted into a university. Benedict XIV raised the abbey to the rank of a bishopric (5 Oct., 1752), with the retention of its monastic organization. The first prince-bishop was Amand von Buseck (1737-56), the collegiate chapter of one dean and fourteen capitulars being now the cathedral chapter.
By the Imperial Delegates' Enactment (Reichsdeputationshauptschluss) of 1802 the abbey was secularized, and bestowed on the Prince of Orania as a secular principality; it embraced at this time forty sq. miles, with a population of 100,000. Under Napoleon, in 1809, it was ceded to the Grand Duchy of Frankfort; in 1815, to Hesse-Kassel, with which, in 1866, it passed to Prussia. The university was closed under the law of secularization, and the papal seminary was converted into an episcopal seminary. The last prince-bishop, Adalbert III von Harstall (1788-1802), died in 1814.
In accordance with the Bulls "Provida solersque" of 1821 and "Ad dominici gregis custodiam" of 1827, the Diocese of Fulda was re-established in 1829, and made suffragan to the ecclesiastical province of the Upper Rhine, the first bishop being Johann Adam Rieger (1829-31).
In 1857 and 1871 the boundaries of the new diocese were so altered as to define the territory now embraced within it. It was seriously affected by the Kulturkampf, the see being vacant from 1873 to 1881, and the seminary closed between 1873 and 1886; some of the religious communities suppressed at that time have never been re-established. The present bishop (1909) is Joseph Damian Schmitt, consecrated in 1907.
The Diocese of Fulda embraces the Prussian administrative district of Kassel of the province of Hesse-Nassau, Bockenheim (a section of the civic circle of Frankfort-on-the-Main in the administrative district of Wiesbaden), the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar, and one parish of the Grand Duchy of Hesse; Catholic population in 1900 was 167,306, in 1909 about 200,000. It comprises the exempt civic district of Fulda, with 3 parishes and 14 deaneries; for the care of souls, 150 parishes and curacies; 40 chaplaincies and posts as assistants; 53 administrative and teaching positions. The bishop is elected by the cathedral chapter, which consists of a dean, 4 capitulars and 4 prebends. The clergy employed in the care of souls in 1909 number 226 secular and 26 regular priests, giving a total of 252 active clergy, including pastors, curates, chaplains, and assistant priests, as well as priests engaged in the work of teaching and administrative offices. The following orders and congregations are represented in the diocese: Franciscans, at Fulda and Salmünster, with (1907) 35 fathers, and 40 brothers; Oblates of Mary Immaculate, at Hünfeld, with 28 fathers, and 29 brothers; Brothers of Mercy, at Fulda, with 6 brothers. Communities of women are: 1 abbey of Benedictine nuns at Fulda, with 35 sisters; 1 monastery of the English Ladies at Fulda, with 36 sisters; Ursulines at Fritzlar, 32 sisters; Sisters of Mercy of St. Vincent de Paul, 44 communities, with 363 sisters; Poor Servants of Christ, at Frankfort-Bockenheim, 18 sisters; Grey Nuns of St. Elizabeth, at Eisenach, 9 sisters; Vincentians at Kassel, 27 sisters; School Sisters of Divine Mercy at Kassel, 26 sisters.
The diocesan institutions are: the episcopal seminary at Fulda, with eight professors of theology; the episcopal gymnasium or preparatory seminary at Fulda; the episcopal Latin schools at Amöneburg, Geisa, Hünfeld, and Orb; the school for orphaned boys at Sannerz; a similar institution for girls at Maberzell, near Fulda; the reform school for young women at Horas near Fulda; St. Joseph's House for Orphans and First Communicants at Hünfeld; the Lioba Hospital for Incurables at Fulda; and the asylum for imbeciles at Fulda. The most important church of the diocese is the cathedral at Fulda, in the style of the Renaissance, erected by Prince-Abbot Adalbert von Schleifras (1704-12) on the site of the church built by Abbot Baugulf and his successors. It contains precious altars, a rich treasury, and, as its most important shrine, the tomb of St. Boniface, at which the bishops of Prussia, Baden, and Würtemberg gather once a year (cf. Pfaff, "Der Dom zu Fulda", 2nd ed., Fulda, 1855). Mention should also be made of the church of St. Michael at Fulda, dating from Carlovingian times; the church on the Petersberg near Fulda; the church of St. Peter at Fritzlar, erected early in the thirteenth century; and the Protestant church of St. Elizabeth at Marburg, a noble specimen of the thirteenth century Gothic. The most popular place of pilgrimage in the diocese is the tomb of St. Boniface.
BROUWER, Fuldensium antiquitates libri IV (Antwerp, 1612); SCHANNAT, Corpus traditionum Fuldensium (Leipzig, 1724); IDEM, Fuldischer Lehn-hof (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1726); IDEM, Vindiciæ quorundam archivi Fuldensis diplomatum (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1728); DRONKE, Traditiones et antiquitates Fuldenses (Kassel, 1844); IDEM, Codex diplomaticus Fuldensis (Kassel, 1850; index, 1862); ARND, Geschichte des Hochstifts Fulda (Frankfort, 1862); GEGENBAUER, Das Kloster Fulda im Karolingerzeitalter (2 vols., 1871, 1873); KOMP, Die zweite Schule Fuldas und das päpstliches Seminar (Fulda, 1877); IDEM in Kirchenlex., s.v.; LOTZ, Die Hochschule zu Fulda, in Hessenland, XII (1898); HEYDENREICH, Das älteste Fuldaer Cartular (Leipzig, 1899); RICHTER, Die ersten Anfänge der Bau- und Kunsttätigkeit des Klosters Fulda (Fulda, 1900); IDEM, Quellen und Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Abtei und der Diözese Fulda, I-III (Fulda, 1904-07); Schematismus der Diözese Fulda (Fulda, 1904; new ed., 1909); Festgabe zum Bonifatiusjubilæum, 1905 (Fulda, 1905); a collection of original documents relating to Fulda is in the course of preparation.
APA citation. (1909). Fulda. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06313b.htm
MLA citation. "Fulda." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06313b.htm>.
Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Gerald Rossi.
Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. September 1, 1909. Remy Lafort, Censor. Imprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. My email address is webmaster at newadvent.org. Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads.


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Kelly Clarkson to Sing on 'Saturday Night Live'
Tonight (Saturday, Jan. 7), Kelly Clarkson will return to the stage of 'Saturday Night Live' where she will perform her hit singles 'Mr. Know It All' and 'Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You).'
Clarkson's appearance on SNL tonight will mark the pop singer's third time gracing the famous stage. "It's a legendary stage," Clarkson tells MTV. "I've been watching it since I was a kid — I think we all have. I'm a big fan of the show. [Plus], it's a fun environment. You don't feel like you're working."
Unfortunately for those who are fans of Clarkson's comical 'SNL' skits in the past when she appeared on the show, the star will solely be sticking to singing duties for her latest appearance, leaving the bulk of the skits to this week's host, Charles Barkley.
"We're literally flying in and out," Clarkson says of the time spent on the SNL set this weekend. "I start touring in like days, so we're literally going to Connecticut [after my performance]."
Look for Clarkson's performance on 'Saturday Night Live' tonight when it airs beginning at 11:30PM ET on NBC.
Watch Kelly Clarkson's Interview With MTV About Her SNL Performance


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— Fifty years after becoming the first U.S. astronaut to orbit the Earth, John Glenn will be bestowed with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian honor.
Since 1963, the Presidential Medal of Freedom has been awarded to individuals for "meritorious contributions to the security or national interests of the United States, to world peace, or to cultural or other significant public or private endeavors," according to the White House.
Glenn is a former Marine Corps Colonel, NASA astronaut, and Senator. In 1962, he was the third American in space and the first to circle the planet. Nearly four decades after his first mission and a quarter century after being elected to Congress, Glenn lifted off on board the space shuttle to become the oldest person to fly in space at the age of 77.
President Barack Obama named Glenn among the 2012 honorees who will be awarded with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in late spring. Twelve others were chosen with Glenn to receive the medal, including former Secretary of State Madeline Albright, legendary musician Bob Dylan, and Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist Toni Morrison.
Obama said that despite their different backgrounds, each of the honorees have "made a lasting contribution to the life of our nation."
"They've challenged us, they've inspired us, and they've made the world a better place," the president said. "I look forward to recognizing them with this award."
America's dreams personified
The news of the honor came just months after NASA and the nation celebrated the Feb. 20, 2012, 50th anniversary of Glenn's Mercury-Atlas 6 mission aboard his Friendship 7 spacecraft.
Glenn took center stage again earlier this month, helping to induct his second ride to space — shuttle Discovery — into the Smithsonian on April 19.
"NASA sends its warmest congratulations to Senator John Glenn," NASA's chief Charles Bolden said in a statement about the Presidential Medal of Freedom. "Both of John's historic missions to space personified America's dreams and what we believed we could be."
"John Glenn helped this nation forge a path to a brighter future with greater capabilities," Bolden said.
In addition to referencing Glenn's spaceflight experiences, the White House release that announced the award also highlighted the Senator's political achievements. He was an architect and sponsored the 1978 Nonproliferation Act and served as chairman of the Senate Government Affairs committee from 1987 until 1995.
Glenn retired from Congress in 1999 after representing his home state of Ohio for 25 years.
Award-winning astronaut
With this honor, Glenn joins the small group of astronauts who've been awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
The crew of the first moon landing, Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins, were bestowed the honor soon after their return to Earth in 1969. A year later, the Apollo 13 crew, Jim Lovell, Fred Haise and Jack Swigert, as well as Apollo 14 lunar module pilot Ed Mitchell, were similarly honored.
The Apollo 13 Mission Control team, led by Sig Sjoberg, Glynn Lunney, Milt Windler, Gerry Griffin and Gene Kranz, as well as former Johnson Space Center director George Abbey were also recognized by President Richard Nixon with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Among his many earlier awards, Glenn was presented with the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in 1978. NASA's highest award, it was given to Glenn by President Jimmy Carter.
Last November, Glenn received the Congressional Gold Medal, which with the Presidential Medal of Freedom is considered the highest civilian honors. Together with the Apollo 11 crew, Glenn was among the first astronauts to be awarded the Gold Medal.


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Anybody who gets a chance, this Saturday James "Scotty" Doohan's ashes are set to be launched into space via rocket from New Mexico.
I will certainly raise a glass of Scotch whiskey to the sky to remember him, and I encourage all of you to do the same.
And finally, a few more of Doohan's best Trek quotes (thanks to Curtis Fox):
A can't change the laws of physics. A've got to have thirty minutes.
Now you're an engineer
Inform them of what? A new weapon that's invisible? Raving lunatics, that's what they'll call us! They'll say we're so desperate to exonerate the captain that we'll say anything.
How many times da I have to tell ya...the right tool for the right job!
That suits me, I just bought a boat
NCC-1701. No bloody A, B, C, or D.