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An unobtrusive, very good-looking and extremely practical guard for the frame of your new KTM.
Everyone knows the problem: your boots scrape against the frame, and gradually damage the surface. Mud and sand can also scratch the frame tubes. Not only does it look unattractive, but it also encourages rust. Our well-fitting frame guard in tough plastic is the perfect solution to this problem. Couldn't be easier to fit - and it blends well with the vehicle's overall appearance.


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Following news that boyfriend Cory Monteith's tragic death on Saturday, July 13, was caused by a lethal mix of heroin and alcohol, a rep for Lea Michele tells Us that the Glee actress is "deeply grateful" for her fans' widespread support.
"Lea is deeply grateful for all the love and support she's received from family, friends, and fans," a rep for Michele tells Us. "Since Cory's passing, Lea has been grieving alongside his family and making appropriate arrangements with them. They are supporting each other as they endure this profound loss together. We continue to ask the media to respect the privacy of Lea and Cory's family."
On Tuesday, July 16, the British Columbia Coroners Service confirmed that Monteith — who was 31 years old at the time of his passing — had "died of a mixed drug toxicity, involving heroin and alcohol."
"There is no evidence to suggest Mr. Monteith's death was anything other than a most-tragic accident," the report stated. "Mr. Monteith's family has been made aware of the circumstances surrounding the death. On behalf of the family members, the BC Coroners Service asks that the media respect their privacy at this difficult time."
Monteith, who had opened up about past substance abuse struggles, had checked into a rehabilitation center earlier this year after admitting that he had relapsed into his addiction habits. The star completed the program in April, and celebrated his 31st birthday with Michele in May.
"Lea and Cory were planning on moving in together after he got back from Vancouver," an insider told Us Weekly of the couple, adding that they "weren't talking engagement or marriage yet but it was heading that way."
"They were 100 percent happy and together and in love at the time of his death," the source added.

subset: commoncrawl


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Ramos makes progress behind plate for bullpens
VIERA, Fla. -- Nationals catcher Wilson Ramos took a few more steps forward at Washington's Minor League complex on Monday. He was behind the plate for two bullpen sessions, marking the first time he was able to catch two sessions in one day since having major surgery on his right knee last May.
Ramos was even able to block a couple of balls thrown by reliever Ryan Perry, which pleased the 25-year-old backstop. Ramos was initially scared to block the ball because he thought he would feel pain in his knee.
"The knee feels good. My knee is strong. It didn't get tired at all," Ramos said. "We are going step by step. Today, it was another step. I don't feel any pain."
Manager Davey Johnson is optimistic Ramos will be ready for Opening Day, when he is expected to serve as the backup to Kurt Suzuki.
"I just go by what I see," Johnson said. "[Ramos] was blocking balls, bouncing well. He looked normal."


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Seattle Children's Hospital Chooses IBM Big Data Technology For Faster, More Accurate DiagnosesJune 6, 2013 No Comments
Armonk, N.Y. and Seattle, WA – 6 June, 2013: IBM (NYSE:IBM) and Brightlight today announced that Seattle Children's Hospital is using IBM Big Data technology to improve treatment of its young patients. With over 350,000 patient visits annually and thousands of data points associated with each patient, Seattle Children's Hospital can run queries on patient data in seconds, rather than minutes, to provide quicker, more effective care and diagnosis.
Working with Brightlight and IBM and using the IBM PureData System for Analytics, Seattle Children's Hospital doctors and nurses now have quicker and more accurate insights into the thousands of data points associated with each patient. Based on a specific question or issue to address, the system runs analytics on the data helping provide better insight into commonalities of treatments for diseases, for example. Physicians can then tailor treatments and prescribe medications more accurately.
Previously, these types of queries would take minutes or hours, causing delays and limiting the ability to use data to improve operations and care. Now, thanks to the IBM PureData System, some queries that were running in five minutes are now taking only four seconds. And other queries that used to take several weeks for an analyst to compile manually into spreadsheets are now accomplished on demand.
The result: Quicker, more effective analysis to improve care and diagnosis for patients.
The IBM PureData System for Analytics pulls together vast amounts of data from 10 different source systems at the hospital, including Electronic Medical Records, billing and general ledger systems, providing hospital staff with a holistic, on-demand view of trends in the patient care process. Clinicians can also look back and evaluate treatment protocols and determine where the hospital needs to allocate more resources.
The access to unprecedented amounts of data in today's interconnected world creates an opportunity for deeper insight, earlier intervention and more informed decision-making. Yet, $750 billion continues to be wasted annually on missed opportunities along with unnecessary, error-prone and inefficiently delivered services1.
"Working with Brightlight and using the IBM big data system, we are able to fully understand the hospital's 'Big Data' – the thousands of data points associated with each child – immediately, as needed," said Wendy Soethe, Manager, Enterprise Data Warehouse at Seattle Children's Hospital. "As we get deeper into data, we're actually able to see new commonalities in treatments so we can better identify new protocols, make improvements in care, and ultimately make a difference in the type of care children are receiving."
The hospital was previously using a Microsoft SQL Server data warehouse, yet needed to integrate the increasing amount of data in its electronic medical record and billing systems and initiate a high-priority program for the hospital – the Clinical Standard Work (CSW) program. The CSW program defines patient populations and prescribes an optimal protocol for each population, ensuring every patient at Seattle Children's Hospital receives the same high standard of care.
Since the CSW program is a high priority for the hospital, a technology platform that could integrate many different systems for better analytics and reporting was critical. And, instead of analysts spending days pulling data from different systems into Excel spreadsheets or Access databases, Seattle Children's Hospital needed a solution that was more efficient and provided self-service, on demand capabilities.
"The IBM PureData System for Analytics has provided the hospital with a way to deliver the right data to answer the right question at the right time," Soethe said.
"We're extremely excited for Seattle Children's and what the future holds for their analytics capabilities now that they have an enterprise-class solution in place," said David Overcash, CTO and Co-Founder of Brightlight Consulting. "With the right technology in place, we were able to work very closely with them to ensure a 'best practice' approach to the implementation so they could get optimal performance. They're now in a position to really leverage data like never before, all in the name of providing better care for children, and we feel great about that!"
For more than 100 years, Seattle Children's Hospital has met the unique physical, emotional, and developmental needs of children and young adults in the Pacific Northwest. It is consistently ranked among the best children's hospitals in the United States by U.S. News & World Report magazine and received Magnet stat in 2008 – an honor bestowed on fewer than four percent of all hospitals in the country.
To view videos of how Seattle Children's Hospital is turning Big Data into Smarter Care, please visit: http://bit.ly/10GgtGi and http://bit.ly/13yl0Pw. The case study can be found here: http://bit.ly/10pHxdR.
The IBM PureData System is a member of the IBM PureSystems family of expert integrated systems that also includes the IBM PureFlex System and IBM PureApplication System. The IBM PureSystems family offers clients an alternative to current enterprise computing models, where multiple and disparate systems require significant resources to set up and maintain. For more information on IBM PureSystems, visit www.ibm.com/puresystems
For more information about IBM, please visit www.ibm.com/bigdata
For more information about Brightlight, please visit http://www.brightlightconsulting.com/
(1) Institute of Medicine, "Best Care at Lower Cost: The Path to Continuously Learning Health Care in America." http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13444#description


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Is it time for the Sixers to trade Evan Turner?
"The enigma" seems to be a fitting nickname for Evan Turner, because after three seasons with the 76ers it is still difficult for the franchise and its fans to figure him out.
Despite displaying flashes of excellence, including his 2012 playoff performance, Turner has struggled to fit in and find a role with the team. In three NBA season he has been a consistent starter and has also been relegated to a reserve, and this fluctuation has been extremely frustrating.
It seems that as far as the fan base is concerned, Turner has run out of time. The results of our Sixers Stay or Go survey illustrated that the majority of fans feel it is finally time to trade Turner, and the respondents may be right.
Inconsistencies have defined his career, as you never know exactly what you are going to get from E.T. on any given night. Are you going to get the tenacious Turner, who can lock down a premier wing player and is fearless on the offensive end? Or are you going to get the anemic Turner, who goes 1-7 in fifteen minutes of forgettable play?
The Sixers toyed with trading Turner, along with center Spencer Hawes, for Atlanta's Josh Smith late last season, eventually opting to hold on to the former second-overall draft pick. While the Smith deal didn't work out, it demonstrates that the organization is not opposed to trading Turner, and with the Sixers facing an offseason of uncertainty and lacking a true team identity, now may be an ideal time to make a move.
Although he possesses the tools to be an extremely effective NBA player, Turner has not yet developed into the consistent, versatile offensive option the Sixers thought they could build around. Unfortunately, the franchise cannot afford to continue depending on his eventual development. The Sixers are in a sorry, uncertain state and Turner provides more questions than answers.
Based on his on-court effectiveness, it seems as though Turner would be at his best in a point-forward type role, or as a glue guy on a team where there are already established options. Such scenarios would free Turner up to play his game without being so heavily depended on for offensive output.
Turner thrives with the ball in his hand, in the open court, and taking it to the rim; duties already held here by Jrue Holiday. So while such skills may take a backseat with the Sixers, there are several other organizations out there that would find Turner's skill set very valuable.
At 24, Turner is still young and has the opportunity to add a lot to his game, making him attractive to potential suitors. At this early stage in his career, the Sixers could still get some serious value for the former Ohio State standout.
What to do with Turner is a question that needs to be answered along with a fistful of other issues looming large over the Sixers this summer. It only seems logical to try and trade Turner for some value, rather than continuously trying to force him to fit.


text: Since making its Open Graph applications platform available two months ago, Facebook Timeline apps have grown in a big way: Today at the SXSW conference, the social networking company announced that nearly 3,000 Timeline apps are now available. These new applications let users share a variety of actions with their Facebook friends, such as what they're reading or what they're watching. In a news release, Facebook said that businesses that have launched a Timeline app are seeing an increase in engagement and growth. Pinterest, an up-and-coming social network, has increased the number of Facebook users visiting its site by more than 60 percent. Goodreads, a site that helps people discover and share books, and Pose, a fashion and beauty app, have both also seen significant upticks in referral traffic. The number of daily active users at Goodreads has increased 77 percent and Pose has seen a 500 percent increase in daily signups for their mobile app and website. [Tips for Facebook Timeline Apps: Beware What You Share]In addition to the news about some of its most successful Timeline apps, Facebook also announced the release of eight new ones launching this week at SXSW. These include the following: Foursquare: Users can now add their Foursquare check-ins to their Timelines and maps, share their badges and see the top places they've checked into. Nike: As of last week, people can use the Nike FuelBand iPhone app to find friends and see a leader board of how much "fuel" they've earned versus their friends. Facebook says Nike will make achievements and milestones available for users to post directly to their Timeline. VEVO: Video site Vevo introduced integration that lets users sign into Vevo.com with their Facebook account, get personalized video playlists based on the artists they've "liked," discover new music through friends and post music from VEVO to their Timeline. Fandango: The new Fandango Timeline app lets users add the clips they watch, the movies they rate and the films they want to see. [A How-To Guide for the New Facebook Business Pages]Viddy: Viddy, a mobile app for creating quick videos and adding filters, announced its new Timeline app, too. With it, people can add clips to their Timelines as they shoot them. Endomondo: Endomondo, a fitness site, added a Timeline app so people can share their workouts, progress and favorite routs with friends. RootMusic: RootMusic's Timeline app lets people mark their favorite songs and artists and the concerts they plan on attending from the Facebook Pages of bands. As users click "favorite," "going to go" and "wants to go," their picks will be added to their Timeline. To browse the complete list of available Timeline apps, and to search by category, visit Facebook's Apps Directory. Kristin Burnham covers consumer technology, social networking and enterprise collaboration for CIO.com. Follow Kristin on Twitter @kmburnham. Follow everything from CIO.com on Twitter @CIOonline and on Facebook. Email Kristin at email@example.com


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Course Setting Options
(This function is only available in course setting projects!)
Choose the Options command from the Course Setting menu to display the Course Options dialog box.
Event Title
Enter the name of the event. The event title appears on top of the control description.
Course Title
Choose wheter the Course Title shall be displayed with the Classes, the Course Name and Classes or the Course Name only.
Choose wheter the controls shall be numbered with the Number, the Number and Code or the Code only.
Distance from Circle to Number
Enter the default distance from the control circle to the number in mm.
Full Stop Behind Control Number
Check this option if a full stop shall be placed behind each control number.
White Outline on Control Number
This function is only available for ISSOM 2007 and ISOM 2017 course setting projects. ToDo.
Connection Lines
Define a distance from the circle to the connection line in this field.
Control Description
Thicker Horizontal Line
Choose between a thicker horizontal line in the IOF Symbol Control Description every third or every fourth line or not at all.
Maximum Length
Define the maximum length of the control description in rows in this field.
Number of Start
Check this option so that the number of the start appears in the control description.
Control Description on the Map
Box Size
Define the size of a box in the control description in this field. Click the Standard button to set the value to 6.00 mm.
IOF International Specification for Control Description 2004: The description sheet boxes should be between 5mm and 7mm.
White Background
Check this option to get a white background behind the control description on the map.
Check the Draw white background even in draft mode option to show the control description with white background also in draft mode. Use this option if you prefer to print your maps in draft mode.
Activate the option, switch to draft mode and move both draft mode sliders in the View toolbar to the right position.
Select a course and click the Preview button. The course overprint now is transparent, but the white background of the control description is opaque and blocks out the orienteering map.
OCAD does not block out only the control description. Furthermore, OCAD blocks out all objects drawn with this opaque color used in the symbol 760.00 White background. By default it is the color number 203 White background.
Example: If you also like a framing of the control numbers in draft mode, select the symbol 703.000 Course: Control number, edit the symbol and change the color from 204 Purple transparent to 202 Purple. Click on the Framing tab, enter the new Line width (0.2mm) and change the Framing color to the opaque color 203 White background.
Close this dialog. The control numbers have now a white framing.
Add Control Descriptions for All Controls
Check this option to add the control description on the All Controls map, too.
XML Export
Activate this check box to export the relay variation within the XML export, too. This is an extension of the IOF specification.
Back to the Course Setting for Orienteering page.


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If you plan on staying put in Atlanta for a while, make your time feel homier by renting a townhouse. A townhouse gives you room to stretch out and comes with the conveniences of living in a real home, like a fully-stocked kitchen, a big sofa—perfect for mid-afternoon naps—and a washer and dryer in the unit.
Renting a townhome is a smart plan if you're bringing the whole family. Rather than trying to cram everyone into a single hotel room, you can give the kids their own room for extra privacy while keeping everyone under the same roof. The kitchen can be a lifesaver, giving you the means to brew a soothing up of joe in the morning and whip up a mound of pancakes that will put a smile on everyone's face.
For ultimate relaxation, choose a townhome outside the main tourist attractions—you'll avoid traffic jams during the busy season and develop a better understanding of Atlanta's true character. Get to know your neighbors to see what life is really like in the area and get great restaurant recommendations from those who really know what they're talking about.
Travelocity is your ticket to short-term and long-term townhouse rentals. With prices ranging from cheap to luxury, we can accommodate a tight budget or find you upscale townhomes with a view and other posh amenities. Whether you're visiting Atlanta for an extended work assignment, need a place for your family to live while you relocate, or simply want to truly get to know this fascinating city, a townhome rental is a great option. Let Travelocity find the perfect townhouse rental for you.
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|Hilton Atlanta, Atlanta Marriott Marquis, Hyatt Regency Atlanta Downtown, Courtland Grand Hotel, Trademark Collection by Wyndham, The Westin Peachtree Plaza, Atlanta, The Westin Atlanta Airport


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South African wine has a history dating back to 1659 with the first bottle being produced in Cape Town by its founder and gouverner Jan van Riebeeck. Access to international markets led to new investment in the South African wine market. Production is concentrated around Cape Town and almost exclusively located within the Western Cape province, with major vineyard and production centres at Constantia, Paarl, Stellenbosch and Worcester.
There are about 60 appellations within the Wine of Origin (WO) system, which was implemented in 1973 with a hierarchy of designated production regions, districts and wards. WO wines must only contain grapes from the specific area of origin. "Single vineyard" wines must come from a defined area of less than 6 hectares. An "Estate Wine" can come from adjacent farms if they are farmed together and wine is produced on site. A ward is an area with a distinctive soil type or climate and is roughly equivalent to a European appellation.[1]
Main article: History of South African wine
The roots of the South African wine industry can be traced to the explorations of the Dutch East India Company, which established a supply station in what is now Cape Town. A Dutch surgeon, Jan van Riebeeck, was assigned the task of managing the station and planting vineyards to produce wines and grapes. This was intended to ward off scurvy amongst sailors during their voyages along the spice route to India and the East. The first harvest was made on 2 February 1659 (as noted in Van Riebeeck's log) seven years after the landing in 1652.[2][3] The man succeeding Van Riebeeck as governor of the Cape of Good Hope, Simon van der Stel, sought to improve the quality of viticulture in the region. In 1685, he purchased a large 750 hectares (1,900 acres) estate just outside Cape Town, establishing the Constantia wine estate. After Van der Stel's death, the estate fell into disrepair, but was revived in 1778 when it was purchased by Hendrik Cloete.[4]
Many growers gave up on winemaking, and instead chose to plant orchards and alfalfa fields to feed the growing ostrich feather industry. The growers that did replant with grapevines chose high-yielding grape varieties such as Cinsaut. By the early 1900s, more than 80 million vines had been replanted, creating a wine lake. Some producers would pour unsaleable wine into local rivers and streams. The imbalance between supply and demand that caused depressed prices prompted the South African government to fund the formation of the Koöperatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika Bpkt (KWV) in 1918. Started as a co-operative, the KWV soon grew in power and prominence eventually setting policies and prices for the entire South African wine industry. To deal with the wine glut, the KWV restricted yields and set minimum prices that encouraged the production of brandy and fortified wines.[4]
For much of the 20th century, the South African wine industry received minimal international attention. Its isolation was exacerbated by the boycotts of South African products in protest against the country's system of Apartheid. It was not until the 1990s when Apartheid was ended, and the world's export market opened up, that South African wines began to experience a renaissance. Many producers in South Africa quickly adopted new viticultural and winemaking technologies. The presence of flying winemakers from abroad brought international influences and focus on well-known varieties such as Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay. The reorganisation of the powerful KWV co-operative into a private business sparked further innovation and improvement in quality. Vineyard owners and wineries who had previously relied on the price-fixing structure that bought their excess grapes for distillation were forced to become more competitive by shifting their focus to the production of quality wine. In 1990, less than 30% of all the grapes harvested were used for wine production meant for the consumer market with the remaining 70% being distilled into brandy, sold as table grapes and juice, or discarded. By 2003, the numbers had been reversed with more than 70% of the grapes harvested that year reaching the consumer market as wine.[4]
See also: Climate of South Africa and Geography of South Africa
South Africa is located at the tip of the African continent with most wine regions located near the coastal influences of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. These regions have a mostly Mediterranean climate that is marked by intense sunlight and dry heat. Winters tend to be cold and wet with potential snowfall at higher elevations. The threat of springtime frost is rare with most wine regions seeing a warm growing season between November and April. The majority of annual precipitation occurs in the winter months and ranges from 250 millimetres (9.84 in) in the semi-desert-like region of Klein Karoo to 1,500 millimetres (59.06 in) near the Worcester Mountains.[4] Regions closer to the coast, or in the rain shadow of inland mountain chains like the Drakenstein, Hottentots Holland and Langeberg, will have more rain than areas further inland. In many South African wine regions irrigation is essential to viticulture. The Benguela current from Antarctica brings cool air off the south Atlantic coast that allows the mean temperatures of the area to be lower than regions of comparable latitude.[5] A strong wind current, known as the Cape Doctor, brings gale-force winds to the wine regions in the Cape which have the positive benefit of limiting the risk of various mildew and fungal grape disease as well as tempering humidity, but can also damage grapevines that are not protected.[4]
During the harvest months of February and March, the average daily temperatures in many South African wine regions is 23 °C (73 °F) with spikes up to 40 °C (104 °F) not uncommon in the warm inland river valleys around the Breede, Olifants and Orange Rivers. On the Winkler scale, the majority of South African wine regions would be classified as Region III locations with heat summation and degree days similar to the California wine region of Oakville in Napa Valley. Warmer regions such as Klein Karoo and Douglas fall into Region IV (similar to Tuscany) and Region V (similar to Perth in Western Australia) respectively. New plantings are the focus in cooler climate sites in the Elgin and Walker Bay regions which are characterised as Region II with temperatures closer to the Burgundy and Piedmont.[4]
The wine regions of South Africa are spread out over the Western and Northern Cape regions, covering 500 kilometres (310 mi) west to east and 680 kilometres (420 mi) north-south. Within this wide expanse is a vast range of macroclimate and vineyard soil types influenced by the unique geography of the area which includes several inland mountain chains and valleys. Within the Stellenbosch region alone, there are more than 50 unique soil types. In general, the soils of South Africa tend to retain moisture and drain well, having a significant proportion of clay (often at least 25% of the composition) with low pH levels around 4. The pH levels of the soils are often adjusted with lime and calcium treatment. Other soil types found in South Africa include granite and sandstone in Constantia, shale in Elgin and arenaceous shale in Walker Bay.[4] Near the river valleys, the soils are particularly lime rich with a high proportion of sand and shale.[6]
South Africa is the eighth largest wine producer in the world and the world's sixth largest exporter of wine. South Africa exports R10.3 billion (roughly US$ 600 million) worth of wine annually. In 2022 a total of 90,512 hectares of land used for wine grape cultivation by 2,613 wine grape producers for 536 cellars, the industry employed 269,096 people. The country produces 1.13 billion liters of wine annually with 81% being consumed domestically. In 2019 the wine industry's contribution to the national economy was R55 billion.[7]
Drafted in 1973, the "Wine of Origin" (WO) programme legislates how wine regions of South Africa are defined and can appear on wine labels. While some aspects of the WO are taken from the French Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) system, the WO is concerned primarily with accuracy in labelling and does not place any additional regulations on wine regions such as permitted varieties, trellising methods, irrigation and crop yields. Wine regions under the WO system fall under one of four categories – the largest and most generic are geographical units (such as the Western Cape region) which include the smaller, but still largely defined regions (such as Overberg), followed by districts (like Walker Bay) and then finally wards (such as Elgin). The Eastern Cape province is South Africa's most recent wine region. While geographical units, regions and districts are largely defined by political boundaries – wards are the level of origin designation that is most defined by unique terroir characteristics.[4]
See also: Wine regions of South Africa
As of 2003, South Africa was 17th in terms of area planted with vines, with the country owning 1.5% of the world's grape vineyards with 110,000 hectares (270,000 acres). Yearly production among South Africa's wine regions is usually around 10 million hL (264 million US gallons) which regularly puts the country among the top ten wine producing countries in the world. The majority of wine production in South Africa takes place in the Cape, particularly the south-west corner near the coastal region. The historical heart of South African wine has been the area near the Cape Peninsula and modern-day Cape Town. This area is still of prominence in the industry being home to the major wine regions of Constantia, Stellenbosch and Paarl. Today, wine is grown throughout the Western Cape and in parts of the Northern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape regions. The river regions along the Breede Valley, Olifants and Orange Rivers are among the warmest areas and are often the location of bulk wine production and distillation. The cooler climate regions east of Cape Town along the Indian Ocean coast, such as Walker Bay and Elgin, have seen vast expansion and development in recent years as producers experiment with cool climate varietals and wine styles.[4]
Below are some notable Wine of Origins districts.[4]
The Constantia Valley is located south of Cape Town on the Cape Peninsula that juts out into the Atlantic Ocean. Because of its location, the region receives oceanic influences on each side that create a cooling effect contributing to a long, slow ripening period in the summer where average daily temperatures fall between 18–19 °C (64–66 °F). Winters are often moderate and mild but wet with annual precipitation usually over 1,000 millimetres (39.37 in). The soil of the region is composed primarily of Table Mountain sandstone with high concentrations of loam and granite.[4] The area grows a wide range of grapes with Sauvignon blanc being particularly noted.[5] The area is now home to 11 wine farms (Andrews, 2017). It is the oldest winegrowing region in the country, with the farm Groot Constantia being the oldest wine estate. Another well-known name in the region is Klein Constantia, which was established in 1685 by the VOC Governor of the Cape Simon van der Stel. Their fame reached its peak when Napoleon Bonaparte ordered as much as 1,126 liters (297 gallons) of Constantia wine "Vin de Constance" shipped in wooden casks each year to Longwood House, his home in exile on St Helena from 1815 until his death in 1821.[8]: 77
The Stellenbosch district is the second oldest wine region in South Africa, after Constantia, and is responsible for around 14% of the country's annual wine production. First planted in 1679, Stellenbosch is located 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of Cape Town. The region is surrounded by the Helderberg, Simonsberg and Stellenbosch Mountains and receives some climatic influences from nearby False Bay. The bay tempers the climate and keeps average temperatures during the summer growing season to around 20 °C (68 °F), just slightly warmer than Bordeaux. Vineyard soil types range from decomposed granite on the hillside near the mountains to sandy, alluvial loam in the valleys near the rivers.[4]
The seven wards of Stellenbosch-Banghoek, Bottelary, Devon Valley, Jonkershoek Valley, Papegaaiberg, Polkadraai Hills and Simonsberg-Stellenbosch – are well known for their red wine production that demonstrate terroir distinction – particularly Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinotage and Shiraz.[4] Simonsberg was the first wine ward to gain individual distinction. White wine production centres on Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc which are often blended together. The western reaches of Stellenbosch, such as Bottelary and near Elsenburg also include a sizeable portion of Chenin blanc plantings in areas rich in light, sandy soils.[5]
For most of the 20th century, Paarl was for all practical purposes the heart of the South African wine industry. It was the home of the KWV as well as the annual Nederburg Wine Auction where the reputation of a vintage or an estate could be established. Gradually, the focus shifted southwards to Stellenbosch where Stellenbosch University gained a more prominent role in the South African wine industry with its viticulture and winemaking programmes. The transfer of power from the KWV to a private business further shifted the focus away from Paarl. However, the terroir driven wines of its wards, the Franschhoek Valley and Wellington, have revitalised interest in the area in recent years.[5]
The fortified wine produced in Paarl and nearby Tulbagh can be designated with the unique WO of Boberg relating to its proximity to the Berg River.[6] This was repealed in 2019 and is no longer an approved label designation.[9]
The Franschhoek Valley was founded by Huguenot settlers who brought with them from their native France their traditions and winemaking expertise. The ward includes some higher elevation vineyard sites which can produce full flavoured white wines with noticeable acidity levels.[5]
Franschhoek will soon be South Africa's first wine region to form a classification system (Appellation Grand Prestige) for its wines, with Semillon, Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon being identified as the area's most tried-and-trusted grapes over a number of decades.
The Breede River Valley, located east of the Drakenstein Mountains, is a warm climate region that can be very dry and arid in some places.[6] The river itself provides easy access to irrigation which makes bulk wine production of high yield varieties commonplace. The Robertson district is located closest to the river along alluvial soils and the occasional calcium-rich outcrop of land. The average annual precipitation is generally below 400 millimetres (15.75 in), making irrigation essential. Temperatures during the summer growing season are normally around 22 °C (72 °F). The Bonnievale ward is the most notable sub-region of Robertson, noted for its Chardonnay and Shiraz wines.[4]
The Worcester district is responsible for more wine than any other wine region in the country with one fifth to one quarter of the entire South African yearly wine production coming from this area.[5] Located just beyond Du Toit's Peak in the Breede River Valley, Worcester includes a broad fertile plain that relies on irrigation due to its dry, arid climate. The area's large and numerous co-operatives produce sizeable amounts of fortified wine as well as Muscadel and Hanepoot based dessert wines. In recent years, the Slanghoek ward and the Breedekloof district have been successful growing botrytised and dry Sauvignon blanc wines. The Worcester district is home to nearly half of all the Semillon, and a third of Ruby Cabernet, planted in South Africa with sizeable plantings of Colombard and Chenin blanc.[4]
The cool climate Overberg region has been the site of the most recent interest and development in the South African wine industry, particularly with increased plantings of Chardonnay and Pinot noir. The entire area received very little attention until the late 20th century and was not even classified in 1973 within the original Wine of Origins programme.[5] The maritime climate of Walker Bay and the cool, higher elevation vineyards of Elgin located east of Cape Town, have had success producing these varietals as well as Sauvignon blanc.[4]
The Klein Karoo region (meaning Little Karoo) has a semi-desert climate and was known mostly for sheep and ostrich farming. The region stretches from Montagu in the west to the village of De Rust in the east. In Calitzdorp warm temperatures are moderated by sea breezes that start in the late afternoon, and cool night time temperatures.[6] Wine production in the area is largely centred on fortified "port-style" wine and Muscadels.[4]
The Atlantic influenced West Coast region includes the wine making areas of Durbanville, Olifants River, Piketberg and Swartland. While this region was known historically for its large, bulk wine production, in recent years, producers have focused on premium wine production such as plantings of Sauvignon blanc in the Groenekloof area near Darling and Pinotage in unirrigated farmland of the Swartland.[5] In the Olifants River region, Chenin blanc and Colombard are popular. The area is also home to South Africa's biggest single co-operative winery – the Vredendal Co-operative.[4]
The Northern Cape wine regions located along the Orange River include the hottest wine producing areas in South Africa. Wine production here was slow to take root, delayed to the 1960s when better irrigation and temperature control fermentation technology became available. Today, the area is responsible for nearly 12% of all the wine produced in South Africa – mostly by large co-operatives for bulk wine production.[4] The Hartswater region, located 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Kimberley, is South Africa's northernmost wine region.[6]
KwaZulu-Natal was designated as a Geographical Unit in 2005 and is one of South Africa's most recent wine regions. The first wine estate in this region was The Stables Wine Estate, and the region's first Wine of Origin wine was released by Tiny and Judy van Niekerk in July 2006. The Stables Wine Estate went bankrupt in 2012.[10] Current cultivars doing well in the growing wine region of KwaZulu-Natal are: Sauvignon Blanc, Pinotage, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. With mild summer temperatures, the region boasts South Africa's coolest vineyards.
The Eastern Cape followed soon after through the pioneering efforts of Ronnie and Janet Vehorn. In 2009, Harrison Hope Wine Estate was registered as the first wine estate in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The estate made history again with its 2009 Merlot becoming the first certified estate wine ever produced in the Eastern Cape region.[citation needed] Situated in the Amatola Mountains, this area enjoys high temperatures in summer with little to no humidity. Unfortunately, late frost, hail, summer rainfall, and duiker make for some of the harshest conditions for wine grapes. Grapes grown in this region include: Chardonnay, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Pinotage, Sauvingnon Blanc and Shiraz.[citation needed]
The Ruiterbosch ward, located southwest of the Klein Karoo around Mossel Bay, has a generally cool climate influenced primarily by the Indian Ocean. The area is planted largely with Riesling, Sauvignon blanc and Pinot noir.[4] The Cederberg located east of the southern reaches of the Olifants rivers includes some of the highest elevated vineyards in South Africa, planted at altitudes more than 1,000 metres (3,300 ft).[6]
Historically vineyards in South Africa were planted with untrellised bush vines planted 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in) apart at a density of 7,000 vines per hectare (2,800 vines per acre). Following the phylloxera devastation, the focus of viticulture in South Africa was more on quantity rather than quality. Vineyards were planted with high yield varieties, widely spaced to facilitate the use of mechanical harvesting. In the late 20th century, more producers began to focus on quality wine production and adopted modern viticultural practices. Vines were planted to an average density of 3,300 per hectare (1,300 per acre) and pruned to keep yields down to 49–56 hl/ha (2.8–3.2 tons/acre). The most common form of trellising found in South Africa is the vertical hedge row system that uses a split cordon supported on a wire kept around 0.75 metres (2.5 ft) off the ground. The grapevine leaves are trained upright on separate wires that allow plenty of sunshine to reach the grapes, but provide enough coverage to keep them from being sunburned. The vines are usually pruned to allow four to five spurs each with two to three buds (potential grape clusters) per cordon.[4] Heat is also a concern come harvest time with some wineries harvesting only at night in the cooler temperatures under floodlights.[6]
The lack of precipitation in many wine regions make irrigation a necessity. Sprinkler and drip irrigation systems are used to provide anywhere from 200–700 millimetres (7.9–27.6 in) of extra water a year. Modern winemakers are developing new techniques and an understanding of the role that water stress plays in the development of quality wine grape production. Producers who do not irrigate will sometimes use the phrase "dryland" or "dry farmed" on their wine labels as a marketing angle. Besides irrigation, an important concern for vineyard owners is the threat of vineyard pests such as mealy bugs[4] and baboons.[11] To combat these hazards, some vineyard owners will utilise Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programmes such as the importation of ladybugs, a natural predator of mealy bugs.[4]
While ocean winds keep some fungus and mildew threats at bay, downy mildew and powdery mildew (known regionally as "white rust") can pose an occasional threat during the wet winter season. Near harvest time, botrytis can also appear, being a hazard or a welcome visitor depending on whether or not botrytised wine production is the goal. Another threat is diseased and virus-infected rootstock.[5] After the phylloxera devastation, vineyards in South Africa were replanted with American rootstock (nowadays most commonly 99 Richter, 110 Richter and 101-14 Mgt). Some of these imported rootstocks were infected with various virus such as corky bark, fanleaf and leafroll, which soon spread to other vineyards. These virus-infected vines have a shortened lifespan and difficulties with photosynthesis, which can lead to poor ripening of phenolic compounds in the grape and low quality wine. Since the 1980s, efforts have been undertaken by the South African wine industry to quarantine and promote healthy virus-free vineyards. Additionally, work has been undertaken in clonal research to identify which grape varieties grow best in which climate and wine region.[4]
Following the end of Apartheid and the opening of export markets, the South African wine industry had a substantial learning curve to overcome in order to be competitive on the world's wine market. The Vine Improvement Programme (VIP) was established to bring modern viticultural understanding to the industry. The first phase launched in the late 20th century focused on virus-free and yield controlling rootstock as well as clonal research. The second phase, which is ongoing, focuses on matching up various combinations of grape varieties, clones and rootstock to specific terroir that can produce quality wine. Over the last 20+ years, the work of the VIP has brought the South African wine industry to the forefront of viticultural advances.[6]
The winemaking traditions of South Africa often represent a hybridisation of Old World wine making and the new. Since the end of Apartheid, many producers have been working on producing more "international" styles of wine that can succeed on the world market. Flying winemakers from France, Spain and California have brought new techniques and styles to South Africa. In the 1980s, the use of oak barrels for fermentation and ageing became popular. The use of chaptalisation is illegal in South Africa as the country's warm climate makes attaining sufficient sugar and alcohol levels for wine production non-problematic. Winemakers more often have problems with low acidity levels which require supplementation with additional acids like tartaric acid.[4]
Today the focus of the South African wine industry is on increasing the quality of wine production – particularly with the more exportable and fashionable red grape varieties. Traditionally, South African red wines had a reputation for being coarse in texture with rustic flavours. The Afrikaans word dikvoet used to describe these wines meant literally "thick foot". In the vineyards, growers focused on yield control for better ripeness, while winemakers used modern techniques to create softer, fleshier wines.[5] Temperature control fermentation as well as controlled malolactic fermentation were more widely used as well as less dependency on filtration as a means of stabilisation.[4]
The South African wine industry has a long history of fortified wine production producing wines known colloquially as "Cape port" (though the term "Port" is protected by the European Union and refers only to the wines from the Douro region of Portugal). These wines are made from a variety of grapes, such as Shiraz and Pinotage, as well as Portuguese varieties like Tinta Barroca, Touriga Nacional, Souzão and Fernão Pires. The minimum alcohol level for these wines must be 16.5–22%. The many styles of "Cape port" closely parallel their Portuguese counterparts and include:[6]
In addition to port-style wine, South African wine makers also produce "sherry-style" wines produced in a solera system and a unique vin de liqueur made from Muscat known as Jerepigo (or Jerepiko). With Jerepigo, the brandy is added to the must prior to fermentation, which leaves the wine with a residual sugar (RS) level of at least 160 grams per litre. South Africa's long history of late harvest dessert wines include the modern-day Edel Laat-oes wines infected with noble rot (known locally as Edelkeur) and containing at least 50 grams of residual sugar per litre. Wine labelled simply as Laat-oes is from grapes harvested late, but not infected with botrytis. These wines must have an alcohol content of at least 10% and residual sugar levels between 10 and 30 grams per litre. Wines above 30 grams RS may be called Spesiale Laat-oes or "special late harvest" which may imply that some grapes infected with botrytis were used.[6]
Sparkling wines in South Africa are produced with both the Charmat and the traditional "Champagne Method". The first champagne method wines produced in South Africa came from the Simonsig estate (in Stellenbosch) in 1971. To distinguish South African sparkling wines (and to comply with European Union regulations protecting the term "Champagne" and champenois), wines made in this traditional bottled fermented method are labelled as Methode Cap Classique (or MCC). These wines have been traditionally made using Sauvignon blanc and Chenin blanc, but in recent years have seen more of the traditional "Champagne grapes" of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier being used. Red sparkling wine made from Pinotage can also be found.[6]
South African labelling law focuses largely on geographical origins, falling under the purview of the Wine of Origin legislation. Single vineyard designated wine can be produced, provided the vineyard is registered with the government and all grapes used in the production of the wine were grown in that vineyard. While the term "estate" no longer qualifies as a designation of geographic origins, wineries can still label "estate wines" provided all the grapes were grown, and the wine was vinified and bottled on the same property. The South African Wine & Spirit Board operates a voluntary programme that allows South African wines to be "certified" for quality and accuracy in labelling. Under this certification process, vintage dated wine must be composed of at least 85% grapes that were harvested that vintage year. Varietal wines must also be composed of at least 85% of the listed varietal. Blends, such as a Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinotage blend, can have both varietals listed on the label provided the two wines were vinified separately. A wine that has been "co-fermented", with both grapes crushed and vinified together such as a Shiraz-Viognier, cannot list both varietals. As of 2006, about 35% of Cape wineries participated in this voluntary programme.[4]
|Chenin Blanc
|Cabernet Sauvignon
|Sauvignon Blanc
Grape varieties in South Africa are known as cultivar, with many common international varieties developing local synonyms that still have a strong tradition of use.[4] These include: Chenin blanc (Steen), Riesling (until recently known locally as Weisser Riesling),[13] Crouchen (known as Cape Riesling), Palomino (the grape of the Spanish wine Sherry known locally as "White French"), Trebbiano (Ugni Blanc), Sémillon (Groendruif) and Muscat of Alexandria (Hanepoot).[14] However, wines that are often exported overseas will usually have the more internationally recognised name appear on the wine label. In 2015, SAWIS (South African Wine Information and Systems) reported that the country had 100,146 hectares of vineyards, with about 55% planted with white varieties.[12] Chenin blanc has long been the most widely planted variety, still accounting for over 18% of all grape area planted in South Africa as of 2015, though it is slowly decreasing in overall share of vineyard area. In the 1980s and 1990s, interest in international varieties saw increase in plantings of Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc. Other white grape varieties with significant plantings include Colombard (also spelled locally as Colombar), Cape Riesling, Gewürztraminer, Hanepoot, Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains, Riesling and Sémillon. Both red and white mutants of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains as well as Chenel and Weldra, two Chenin blanc-Ugni blanc crossings, are used for brandy distillation and fortified wine production.[4]
From the 1990s, plantings of red grape varieties rose steadily. In the late 1990s, less than 18% of all the grapes grown in South Africa were red. By 2009 that number had risen to 44%. For most of the 20th century, the high yielding Cinsaut was the most widely planted red grape variety, but the shift in focus to quality wine production has seen plantings of the grape steadily decline to where it represented just 2% of all South Africa vineyards in 2009.[13] In its place, Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz and Pinotage have risen to prominence with Cabernet Sauvignon being the most widely grown red grape variety covering 12% of all plantings in 2009. Other red grape varieties found in South Africa include: Carignan, Gamay (often made in the style of Beaujolais wine with carbonic maceration), Grenache, Petit Verdot, Cabernet Franc, Pontac, Ruby Cabernet, Tinta Barroca and Zinfandel.[4]
There is a wide range of lesser known groups that are used to feed the country's still robust distilled spirits and fortified wine industry. These grapes usually produce bland, neutral wine that lends itself well to blending and distillation but is rarely seen as varietal bottlings. These include: Belies, False Pedro, Kanaän, Raisin blanc, Sultana and Servan.[4]
Main article: Pinotage
Pinotage, a crossing of Pinot noir and Cinsaut, has seen its plantings rise and fall due to the current fashion of the South African wine industry. Today, it is the second most widely planted red grape variety in South Africa.[5] While there are supporters who want to make the grape South Africa's signature variety, critics of the grape note that hardly any other wine region in the world has planted this variety due to its flaws.[6] In the early 1990s, as Apartheid ended and the world's wine market was opening up, winemakers in South Africa ignored Pinotage in favour of more internationally recognised varieties like Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon. Towards the end of the 20th century, the grape's fortunes began to turn, and by 1997 it commanded higher prices than any other South African grape. It is a required component (30–70%) in "Cape blends". Here it is made into the full range of styles, from easy-drinking quaffing wine and rosé to barrel-aged wine intended for cellaring. It is also made into a fortified "port-style", and even a red sparkling wine. The grape can be very dependent on the style of winemaking, with well made examples having the potential to produce deep coloured, fruity wines that can be accessible early as well as age.[15] However, critics of the variety believe that the variety's flaws – green vegetal flavours and tannins, and susceptibility to developing banana and nail polish acetate aromas – are present in far more examples of Pinotage that reach the consumer market.[6] Pinotage reached its zenith in 2001, covering 7.3% of the total vineyard area,[16] but this has since decreased to 6%.[13]
The South African wine industry has been led by many powerful organisations in both the private sector and through governmental agencies. Unlike other New World wine regions, the South African wine industry is largely influenced by several large co-operatives.[5] The Koöperatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika Bpkt (KWV) was a co-operative first created through the funding and encouragement of the South African government as a force to stabilise and grow the South African wine industry. As the KWV is now a privately owned winemaking co-operative, some of its regulatory responsibilities have fallen to other organisations such as the South African Wine & Spirit Board. The Wine & Spirit Board runs the voluntary certification programme that allows South African wines to be "certified" for quality and accuracy in labelling. In addition to being subject to various labelling guidelines, wines are blind tasted by a panel of experts for quality, and are put through an analytic test for faults. Like the vintage and varietal labelling guidelines, these tests are voluntary, but wines that are not submitted for testing are liable for random testing for health requirements.[4]
The Wine & Spirits board also operates the South African Wine Industry Trust (SAWIT) and provides funding for the marketing and development of SAWIT. Established in 1999 by a joint agreement between the South African government and the KWV, which put forth 369 million rand ($46 million US$), SAWIS works to promote the export market for South African wines abroad, and the development of new technologies and education. Additionally, SAWIS works with the Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) programme to promote the black community's involvement in the South African wine industry – including ownership opportunities for vineyards and wineries.[4]
Wine competitions are held to assess whether a wine is of good quality and whether it is true to its character. The most prominent South African wine competitions include:[17]
The origins of winegrowing in South Africa can be fixed with unusual accuracy. A crucial moment was recorded on 2 February 1659 in the logbook of Jan van Riebeeck, commander of the tiny settlement at the foot of Africa.
Jan van Riebeeck writes in his journal that the harvest amounted to twelve "mengelen" (about fourteen litres) of must.


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CINCINNATI, Ohio (CNN) -- A conservative radio talk-show host said that "he's had it up to here" with Sen. John McCain after the GOP presidential candidate repudiated the commentator's remarks about Sens. Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama at a campaign event.
"John McCain threw me under a bus -- under the 'Straight Talk Express,' " Bill Cunningham told CNN on Tuesday, referring to McCain's campaign bus.
Earlier Tuesday, Cunningham spoke at a McCain campaign event in Cincinnati and called Obama a "hack, Chicago-style Daley politician."
"All is going to be right with the world when the great prophet from Chicago takes the stand, and the world leaders who want to kill us will simply be singing 'Kumbaya' around the table of Barack Obama," the commentator told the crowd.
Cunningham, known for his flame-throwing style, repeatedly used Obama's middle name -- Hussein -- during his remarks, made as a warm-up for the audience waiting to hear McCain speak.
In his first public comment since Tuesday's event, Cunningham defended his use of Hussein, which he called "a proud Muslim name." Watch Cunningham sound off to CNN's John Roberts »
"I have nothing but respect for my Muslim brothers and sisters," he said. "The ones who oppose that particular name, they're the ones with the problem, not me. His name is Barack Hussein Obama."
The radio-show host also compared Clinton unfavorably to first lady Laura Bush during the rally. Watch what was said at the Ohio rally »
McCain, who was not onstage as Cunningham spoke, said he was told about the "disparaging remarks."
"I absolutely repudiate such comments, and again I will take responsibility -- it will never happen again. It will never happen again," he said. Watch McCain's reaction »
In a statement, Obama campaign spokesman Bill Burton said that McCain's remarks were appreciated: "It is a sign that if there is a McCain-Obama general election, it can be intensely competitive, but the candidates will attempt to keep it respectful and focused on issues."
Cunningham said McCain "ought to attack Democrats and quit attacking conservatives like me."
"I, for one, regret that John McCain is the nominee of the conservative party," he said.
McCain on Wednesday said his concern wasn't necessarily with what Cunningham said, but where he said it.
"I don't intend in any way to tell talk-show hosts or anyone else in America what they should say or not say. This is a country that people believe in free speech," McCain said. "The reason why I had to repudiate that was because it was a campaign event associated with my campaign."
Cunningham told CNN that organizers in Cincinnati asked him to speak.
"They told me to fire up the crowd ... get them fired up and give them some red meat," he said.
Local campaign workers confirmed Cunningham's account.
Cunningham also disputed McCain's contention that the two had never met, saying he has met the senator twice.
"But I'm not going to meet him again. I've had it up to here with John McCain. I'm joining Ann Coulter in supporting Hillary Rodham Clinton," he said.
McCain staffers said the senator does not recall meeting Cunningham, but it is possible that they may have done so briefly at an event.
"But does Sen. McCain know him? No," an aide said.
McCain has drawn criticism from other conservative voices, including radio hosts Rush Limbaugh, Laura Ingraham, Hugh Hewitt and Lars Larson.
The senator from Arizona has been at odds with some of the GOP's conservative base for his stance on immigration, support of campaign finance reform and his votes against President Bush's tax cuts. McCain has said he would make the Bush tax cuts permanent. E-mail to a friend
CNN's Dana Bash, Evan Glass, John King and Shirley Zilberstein contributed to this report.
All About John McCain • Hillary Clinton • Barack Obama


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[This is a multi-page
article. Click here to go to page
It's time to move on to another part of the park, to find "America's Favorite Family".
From the Court of Liberty, you'll need to drive west, to the "Revelation" section.
TV audiences have always enjoyed sitcoms revolving around idealized, All-American families: think "The Cosby Show " (1984-1992), "The Brady Bunch" (1969-1974), "Father Knows Best" (1954-1960) and "Leave It To Beaver" (1957-1963).
But "The Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet" preceded them all, and outlasted them all. It ran for a whopping 14 years - from 1952 to 1966. The gentle sitcom featured the Nelsons, made up of easy-goin' father Ozzie Nelson (a former bandleader in real life), his real wife (a singer in Ozzie's band), Harriet Nelson, and their two actual sons, Ricky & David.
America watched the Nelsons grow up. By the time the show ended, the youngest (Ricky Nelson), who was just 12 when the show started, was 26 years old, and as a singer, had already become a teenage heartthrob, burnt up the charts, and had seen his popularity start to wane.
To find the Nelsons, from the Court of Liberty area, drive farther to the west, to the "Revelation." section (refer to the map they give you at the main gate). Just go to the intersection of Evergreen Drive and Crystal Lane, where the "Murmuring Trees" section forms a narrow peninsula that juts to the west. Stop at the very western tip of this peninsula.
But it requires a hike up a steep hillside, so I wouldn't recommend it to anyone with heart problems.
The Nelsons are buried on the steep hillside directly
across Evergreen Drive from this tip. Walk straight up (south) this hillside,
13 rows up (two rows past a large tree), and you'll find the graves the
graves of Ozzie & Harriet, side by side. (A round marker in the
grass near their graves reads 3540).
To find singer Ricky Nelson's (1940-1985) grave, just go two rows up and two markers to the left (east) of Ozzie's.
After growing up on his parents' TV show, Ricky tried his hand at rock 'n' roll (to impress a girl) and became a major teen idol. He began recording in the late 1950's and peaked in the early '60s, scoring numerous chart hits such as "Hello, Mary Lou," "Travelin' Man" and "Fools Rush In".
At the time, Ricky was a sort of "safe" Elvis Presley, a trusted boy-next-door who helped rock 'n' roll gain acceptance with a more conservative, suburban audience.
In his later years, he had a comeback of sorts with the 1972 hit, "Garden Party".
Alas, Ricky joined the long list of rock stars who died young, when, in 1985, he lost his life in a tragic plane crash.
His headstone reads: "Eric Hilliard
Nelson". (Hilliard was Harriet's maiden name.)
In the same general vicinity is the grave of the legendary baseball manager, Leo Durocher (1905-1991), who became known for the expression "Nice guys finish last" (even though that was a misquote of what he really said at the time).
Nicknamed "Leo the Lip", Durocher spent 20 years as a National League manager, and won 2,008 games, for a .540 winning percentage. His teams (the Dodgers, Giants & Cubs) made it into the World Series three times: 1941, 1951 & 1954, (when his Giants won the Series), and Leo made it into the Hall of Fame. He was married for a while to actress Laraine Day, who starred in Hitchcock's "Foreign Correspondent". (Laraine is also buried here at FLHH, in the Revelation section, Lot 3310, Space 4, which sounds like it should be very close to Leo's).
Leo's grave is hard to find. It's listed as being
in the Hillside section, lot 3311, space 2. But it's only about 350 feet
southeast of the Nelsons' graves, on the same slope. It's 14 rows up from
the curb (just one row lower than the Nelsons), and 3 rows up from
a tall tree with a large knot on its SE side (four rows, if you count
the row at the tree). The tree itself is 11 rows up from the curb.
To the east one section, in the "Morning Light" section, is 'Uncle Joe' from the 1960's rural sitcom "Petticoat Junction," Edgar Buchanan (1903-1979), located in grave #7780. I'm told his grave is way up near at the top of the hill, in the 2nd row from the very top
In the same section, in grave #8034, is George
Stevens (1904-1975),
the director of "Giant," "The Greatest
Story Ever Told," "Gunga Din" and "The
Diary of Anne Frank".
(Be warned that the hillsides
in these two sections are very steep and difficult to climb. Exercise reasonable
OK next, we're heading to the grave of Jack Soo (1917-1979), the actor who played the role of 'Detective Nick Yemana', in the hit '70s sitcom "Barney Miller".
With his droll, deadpan delivery, Soo fit well into the show's ensemble cast at the fictional New York 12th precinct police station, playing the laid-back 'Nick', who made terrible coffee every day. But he died of cancer before the show ended its run. I don't know how much truth there is to it, but the story is told that Jack's last words (spoken to "Barney Miller" star Hal Linden), were "It must have been the coffee."
Before "Barney Miller", Jack had the role of 'Sammy' in the 1961 movie musical, "Flower Drum Song".
Unfortunately, Jack's grave is very hard to find, because it's in the middle of a large lawn (the Eternal Love section, space 3980), with no clear landmarks to guide you. But I'll do my best to describe how to find it.
Take Evergreen Drive back down the hill (northeast), back towards the main entrance, and keep an eye out for a white church, called the Church of the Hills (not the Old North Church near the Court of Freedom) on your left (west) side.
When you see the church, park on Evergreen drive, with the front of the church facing you (but far away across the lawn). On the other side of Evergreen Drive, you'll see a white statue of a woman with her arms raised in an odd position. Get out and walk from that statue towards the front of the church. As you near the center of the big lawn in between, you'll see a relatively small tree near the center of the lawn. Go to the tree. You'll find Jack's grave two rows to the right (northeast) of the tree, and three or four spaces farther back (southeast) from the church.
(Click on the small photo of the church to the left to see a larger image. You may want to print it out and use it as a comparison reference when you get there.)
But be warned, instead of his worn, bronze marker
reading "Jack Soo", it bears his original name, Goro Suzuki
(with "Jack Soo" printed below it in smaller letters). During
WW2, Japanese Americans were persecuted because we were at war with Japan
(Soo's family ended up in a detention camp). So, many Japanese changed
their names to sound Chinese. Hence, Suzuki was shortened to Soo.
One more page to go, as we discover the graves
1 - Page 2 - Page
3 - Page 4 - Page
5 - Page 6 - Page 7
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Copyright © 1999-2022-Gary Wayne
All Rights Reserved
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The student portal is a commonly-used phrase to describe the login page where students can provide a username and password to gain access to the organization's programs and other learning-related accessories.
The portal is of great value to both students and staff because many CU academic activities such as admission letter printing, course registration, accessing of transcripts, etc can be done. Though, in some cases, there is an official eLearning portal where students can conveniently learn at a distance.
There are easy steps to follow to log in to the CU portal. The links below will take you to the login page where you will have to input your login ids. The process is the same for all portals of the Institution.
- CU Students portal: http://crawforduniversityportal.com/
- Crawford University Website: http://crawforduniversity.edu.ng/
Solutions to common issues
The common issues students usually face with logging in to the portal are forgotten passwords, emails, ids, and web-related problems.
The management may use cybersecurity features to reduce the risk of information theft from attackers. The downside to these security features is that they may also affect the legit students who wish to use the student portal.
However, If You have any issues concerning logging into the Student Portal, kindly drop a comment below.
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You can also use the contact information provided on the contact page to reach Us. if We are unable to help You, the contacts from the University can be an alternative.
Contact Address: Faith City, Ketu Adie-Owe, Lusada – Igbesa, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Postal Address: P.M.B. 2001, Igbesa, Ogun State, Nigeria.
The above contacts are from the University and can be used for reaching out to the University for assistance.


text:
AIM's Kincaid on "Clinton's alleged lesbianism": "[A]s explosive as Senator Barack Obama's mysterious upbringing as a Muslim"
In his May 2007 "Cliff's Notes" report, Cliff Kincaid, editor and writer at right-wing media "watchdog" organization Accuracy in Media, wrote: "The sex scandal the media won't touch involves Senator Hillary Clinton's [D-NY] alleged lesbianism." Kincaid later added: "This matter is as explosive as Senator Barack Obama's [D-IL] mysterious upbringing as a Muslim in Indonesia and his quick conversion to Christianity."
As Media Matters for America has repeatedly documented (here, here, here, here, and here), several right-wing media figures have attempted to advance rumors that Clinton is either bisexual or a lesbian. In suggesting that Clinton is a lesbian, Kincaid cited Edward Klein's widely discredited book, The Truth about Hillary (Sentinel, June 2005), and "[c]onservative writer Jack Wheeler [who] flatly asserted in a Washington Times column, based on his sources, that [Clinton] is bisexual." In his 2004 Times op-ed, Wheeler wrote:
One reason is that it's too blindingly obvious that Mr. Clinton's book should have been titled "My Lie." All of that stuff about Hillary being mad, making him sleep on the couch, going to marriage counselors for a year, yada yada, is all made up. They have had a pact for decades: He gets to fool around with women, and she gets to fool around with women (plus the occasional man like Vince Foster).
Yes, she's bisexual -- I disclosed that in an infamous Strategic Investment column in January 1993, and Dick Morris publicly revealed it a few years ago. You knew that, right?
Moreover, despite Kincaid's statement regarding "Obama's mysterious upbringing as a Muslim in Indonesia and his quick conversion to Christianity," the Chicago Tribune reported on March 25 that "[i]nterviews with dozens of former classmates, teachers, neighbors and friends show that Obama was not a regular practicing Muslim when he was in Indonesia":
Attention on U.S. Sen. Barack Obama's childhood in Indonesia has so far focused on whether he was a Muslim and whether one of his schools was a fundamentalist Islamic madrassa.
Although his campaign has denied that Obama was a practicing Muslim, the "Islam" issue is not likely to go away soon for the presidential candidate. Some Americans link the religion with terrorism and see Indonesia, the world's most populous Muslim nation, as being an alien place, a world away from the White House.
But initial reports have distorted the reality of the four years Obama spent in Indonesia, from 1967 to 1971. In fact, Obama's religious upbringing in Indonesia depended more on the conventions of the schools he attended than on any decision by him, his mother or his stepfather. When he was at a Catholic school for three years, he prayed as a Catholic.
When he was at a public school for a year, he learned about Islam.
Obama's stepfather, Lolo Soetoro, was much more of a free spirit than a devout Muslim, according to former friends and neighbors. And the school described as an Islamic madrassa in media reports actually was a public school, so progressive that teachers wore miniskirts and all students were encouraged to celebrate Christmas.
Interviews with dozens of former classmates, teachers, neighbors and friends show that Obama was not a regular practicing Muslim when he was in Indonesia, despite being listed as a Muslim on the registration form for the Catholic school, Strada Asisia, where he attended 1st through 3rd grades.
At the time, the school most likely registered children based on the religion of their fathers, said Darmawan, Obama's former teacher. Because Soetoro was a Muslim, Obama was listed as a Muslim, she said.
The enrollment form from the Catholic school, which has been cited as evidence that Obama was a Muslim in Indonesia, also was rife with errors. It listed Obama as an Indonesian, listed his previous school incorrectly and failed to list his mother, Ann, at all.
In a January article -- anonymously authored and sourced -- InsightMag.com reported that "researchers connected to" Clinton had said that Obama "spent at least four years in a so-called Madrassa, or Muslim seminary, in Indonesia." The accusation about Clinton was unsubstantiated, and the underlying claim that Obama attended a madrassa has been debunked. Media Matters noted Washington Post media critic Howard Kurtz' statement that "[t]he allegations got a big boost from Rupert Murdoch's media empire, with the New York Post running this headline: 'Osama' Mud Flies at Obama.' And Murdoch's Fox News Channel touted the claims on two programs."
Media Matters also noted that, on May 14, another anonymously authored InsightMag.com column recycled various Clinton myths and falsehoods, asking: "Did [Clinton] have an affair with Vince Foster -- as was reported in The American Spectator in the 1990s? Is she a lesbian, as has also been rumored for years?"
Kincaid makes occasional appearances on television as a pundit, most recently on the April 4 edition of CNN's Lou Dobbs Tonight, during which he warned of "submersion of U.S. sovereignty to this emerging trilateral entity, the North American community," adding, "And that means here in the U.S., we would have to accept the more liberal laws such as acceptance of gay marriage in Canada."


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Book review: One Cornish Summer by Liz Fenwick
It's an awe-inspiring place that gets under your skin and was put firmly on the reading map in the mid-20th century by author Howard Spring whose many Helston-based novels seduced readers into seeking out this hidden Cornish gem.
Eighty or more years later, another writer is finding inspiration in the rich history and beauties of the Lizard for a string of compelling novels, including the critically acclaimed Under a Cornish Sky, A Cornish Affair and The Returning Tide.
A Massachusetts-born expat, Fenwick fell in love with an Englishman and now enjoys family life in beautiful Cornwall whilst channelling her literary talents and energies into atmospheric and beautifully crafted novels that connect with both the landscape and the human condition.
In One Cornish Summer, Fenwick moves into top gear for an emotion-packed, cross-generational story of two women from the same family struggling to cope with the present because of secrets in their past.
When historian and academic Hebe Courtenay is diagnosed with genetic, early-onset Alzheimer's, the fiercely clever and independent 54-year-old struggles to make sense of what it will mean for her, her job and the man she loves.
The doctors tell her she has only about six months of good cognitive ability left but already most of her memories seem 'just out of reach.' By chance, Hebe reads in a magazine that historic Helwyn House on the Lizard peninsula, where her family spent many summers, is for sale by auction and she becomes determined to buy it.
Once home to a 17th century royalist called Thomas Grylls – a man who was 'a lover, a hero' and 'a model Cavalier' – the crumbling Cornish mansion with a mystery in its past has a special place in Hebe's heart… for more reasons than one.
Meanwhile, Hebe's niece and society photographer Lucy Trevillion is having her own crisis after a scandalous affair with a high-profile married man. The newspapers have got hold of the story and 28-year-old Lucy seizes the chance to follow her aunt to Cornwall.
Curious about what has driven Hebe there after so many years, Lucy also has to face up to a dark secret she has kept since her last summer at Helwyn House with her dysfunctional family more than ten years ago.
As Lucy battles with her demons, Hebe finds comfort in remembered snatches of the John Donne poems she knows and loves so well, and tries to disconnect herself from the man at the centre of her life back in London.
But, in the famous words of Donne, 'no man is an island, entire of itself,' and both women must accept that the only way forward is to come to terms with their past, and embrace life and love whatever the future holds.
Fenwick brings us her best novel yet in One Cornish Summer as she casts her humane and discerning eye over family bonds, relationships, the nature of love, and the power of the landscape to inspire, console and renew.
There are moments of intense and tear-jerking poignancy as Hebe struggles with her cruel illness and tries desperately to cling on to the memories that are slowly being fractured beyond repair. But there is hope here too, the dark humour that helps the afflicted to keep on battling, and the exquisite truths of Donne's poetry that litter the remnants of Hebe's remembrance.
Serious issues are tackled with sensitivity and insight, stunning Cornwall takes a lead role, and local history comes gloriously alive, but Hebe and Lucy are the undoubted stars… two women finding solace in their unexpected friendship and by sharing their secrets, uncovering the things that really matter in life.
Immaculately researched and emotionally astute, this is a fabulous holiday read with heart, drama, history and humour.
(Orion, trade paperback, £12.99)


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It is said that a picture is worth a thousand words and that Helen of Troy (Fig 1) had a face that launched a thousand ships. Why is the number 1000 significant to those of us at Dryad today? (Especially since its place in literature is ultimately an accident of our decimal number system [1]).
First, it encourages us that Dryad's multipronged approach to making data available for reuse (raising awareness of the issues, coordinating data archiving policy across journals, providing a user-friendly submission interface, paying attention to the incentives of researchers) is bearing fruit. As a result of this strategy, the rate of submissions continues to grow; over 60% of submissions are from the past nine months alone. Since a picture is worth a thousand words, see Fig 2.
We are mindful will take some time before we can measure the impact of the availability of these data for reuse, but there are encouraging signs from the frequency with which data are being downloaded. We will discuss those results in a separate post.
What else can we learn from these first 1000 submissions? One is the importance of making data submission integral to publication. While there are 88 different journals in which the corresponding articles appear, about three quarters of the submissions come from the first nine journals that worked to integrate manuscript and data submission with Dryad [4]. Journal policy matters, and the enthusiasm with which journals implement policy matters.
As far as disciplinary diversity goes, the first 1000 submissions are dominated by journals in evolutionary biology and ecology. Dryad's first biomedical journal partner, BMJ Open, was integrated within the past few months, and as a result of many other new journal partnerships being developed, we expect submissions to the repository to represent a much broader array of basic and applied biosciences in the near future.
Interestingly, most of the deposits are relatively small in size. Counting all files in a data package together, almost 80% of data packages are less than one megabyte. Furthermore, the majority of data packages contain only one data file and the mean is a little less than two and a half. As one might expect, many of the files are spreadsheets or in tabular text format. Thus, the files are rich in information but not so difficult to transfer or store.
We are pleasantly surprised to report that most authors, most of the time, see the value in having their data released at the same time as the article is published. Authors are making their data available immediately upon publication, or earlier, for over 90% of data files. In nearly all cases where files are put under embargo, authors choose to release them one-year post-publication rather than requesting a longer embargo from the journal.
Thomson Reuters indexes more than half a million abstracts annually in BIOSIS. A difficult-to-estimate, but undoubtedly substantial, fraction of this literature reports on data that cannot be, or is not, archived in a specialized public data repository. This helps put Dryad's 1000 data packages in perspective. As a discipline, we still have a long way to go to preserve and make available for reuse all the "published" data that has no home. But every data package that is submitted to Dryad is a little victory for the transparency and robustness of science.
So here's to the first thousand. May they have plenty of company in the coming years.
- Things might have turned out very differently judging by the presence early vertebrate fossils with more than five digits (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polydactyly_in_early_tetrapods)
- To celebrate, we are sending a Dryad-logo coffee mug to Dr. Reinmar Hager, who submitted the 1000th data package.
- Random cool fact about the number 1000. It is "the smallest number that generates three primes in the fastest way possible by concatenation of decremented numbers (1000999, 1000999998997, and 1000999998997996995994993 are prime) … [excluding] the number itself" (see http://primes.utm.edu/curios/page.php/1000.html).
- This includes a collection of legacy data packages from the Systematic Biology archives that was submitted en masse to Dryad in mid-2009.


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I just recently rebuilt my dell laptop system and I can't remember what I did to get my wireless card working the first time. Here's what I have so far...
lo="lo 127.0.0.1"
INTERFACES=(lo eth0 !eth1)
DAEMONS=(syslogd klogd hotplug pcmcia network netfs crond xinetd !archstatsrc cups lisa acpid kdm)
alias eth0 3c59x
alias eth1 orinoco
lsmod does not show orinoco in use and iwconfig returns:
lo no wireless extensions.
sit0 no wireless extensions.
eth0 no wireless extensions.
eth1 no wireless extensions.
Can anyone help me get iwconfig to recognize that eth1 is a wireless device?
I'm trying to get such a pcmcia card working atm.
I just added pcmcia-cs to default runlevel
and added hotplug, which detects it.
[root@moses linux-2.6.7]# lsmod
Module Size Used by
orinoco_cs 7688 1
orinoco 44428 1 orinoco_cs
hermes 8320 2 orinoco_cs,orinoco
rtl8150 12160 0
ohci_hcd 20484 0
snd_maestro3 22440 0
snd_ac97_codec 68356 1 snd_maestro3
snd_pcm 91780 1 snd_maestro3
snd_page_alloc 9480 1 snd_pcm
snd_timer 23556 1 snd_pcm
snd 50276 4 snd_maestro3,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm,snd_timer
soundcore 8160 1 snd
pci_hotplug 11524 0
evdev 7936 0
tsdev 6016 0
and iwconfig:
[root@moses linux-2.6.7]# iwconfig
lo no wireless extensions.
sit0 no wireless extensions.
eth1 no wireless extensions.
eth0 IEEE 802.11-DS ESSID:"SmartClan" Nickname:"HERMES I"
Mode:Managed Frequency:2.457GHz Access Point: 00:00:00:00:00:00
Bit Rate:11Mb/s Tx-Power=15 dBm Sensitivity:1/3
Retry limit:4 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Encryption key:736D-6172-742D-6E65-7477-6F72-6B
Power Management:off
maybe this will help you :?
the problem I am having is I can't get it to talk to my AP
I've written a bashscript for it, but I get erorrs:
iwconfig eth0 mode Ad-Hoc
iwconfig eth0 ap 00:0d:88:a6:8e:8c
iwconfig eth0 essid SmartClan
iwconfig eth0 channel 6
iwconfig eth0 key s:********
iwconfig eth0 enc open
and when I run it:
[root@moses conf.d]# ./wlan
Error for wireless request "Set AP Address" (8B14) :
SET failed on device eth0 ; Operation not supported.
it doesn't like setting the AP's address
If I set it to Managed mode it complains about setting the channel..
so I dunno!!
I used to have this very same error when using my rt2400-based driver. After loading the module, the card would go into a scanning mode, after which changing the ssid would be impossible. The bug report is at
https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.p … tid=648844
What should be done is to load the module for the card and change the ssid in the same script, so the card doesn't have a chance to get into 'scanning' mode.
thanks for the thought.
this card won't actually go into scanning mode, even if I force it!
anyway I have it all working now.
iwconfig eth0 mode Ad-Hoc
iwconfig eth0 essid SmartClan
iwconfig eth0 channel 6
iwconfig eth0 key s:****
iwconfig eth0 enc open
dhcpcd eth0
did the trick
although it would be nice if it was wlan0 instead of eth0.. any ideas?
The point of putting everything into a script is so that the card does NOT have the chance to go into scanning mode
Anyway, since the thing is working now, no problems huh
About the change from eth* to wlan*, this was discussed on the rt2400 forums, and it seems as if such a change might not be so simple, it might require a mini code rewrite. Since function calls and a whole bunch of watchacallamalits would have to be changed.
Either way, there does not seem to be any standard for wireless aliases. Some call it eth*, some wlan*, and some ra*(after RaLink, the original creator of the rt2400 chipset)
It doesn't really matter, anyway, as long as it works fine
true, true.
thanks for your help all the same!
I'm just happy it's finally all working
and I'm really enjoying archlinux too
I have a very similar start up script that used to work for me before I re-installed. Now it doesn't work at all. I'm having a horrible time getting this to work and I can't imagine what I'm missing. I've double checked all my backed up configuration files and that doesn't fix it. I've read all the other posts about wireless configurations and they're not much help solving my problem either.
Does iwconfig show eth0 as your wireless device upon startup? I can not get that to happen for me. Can anyone help?
iwconfig is a utility that simply controls the settings of the wireless connection, nothing more. It does not automatically get invoked on startup, you have to call it seperately after booting.
In your console, type in iwconfig or /sbin/iwconfig and post the output over here.
What were you using before? archlinux?
In the rc.conf, treat the wireless device just as you would a normal ethernet connection(put in the module entry, if required and set up the interface, dhcp or manually, however it should be done)
sounds like it might be a driver problem.
can you post lsmod?
also, IF your wlan card has the driver loaded correctly, and if wlan is supported in the kernel, then iwconfig should show something like this:
[root@moses root]# iwconfig
lo no wireless extensions.
sit0 no wireless extensions.
eth0 IEEE 802.11-DS ESSID:"SmartClan" Nickname:"HERMES I"
Mode:Ad-Hoc Frequency:2.437GHz Cell: 00:80:C8:B5:C8:A2
Bit Rate:11Mb/s Tx-Power=15 dBm Sensitivity:1/3
Retry limit:4 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Encryption key:736D-6172-742D-6E65-7477-6F72-6B Security mode:open
Power Management:off
Link Quality:0 Signal level:0 Noise level:0
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0
if not, then the driver is not loaded correctly or you don't have wlan in kernel is my guess.
I see now that I worded my question poorly. I understand what iwconfig does and have been using it as you described. (Yes, I did use arch previously. I liked it so much I re-installed it over my windows partition.) I have been treating my wireless card just like any other network card but nothing seems to work. iwconfig shows no wireless cards and nothing I do seems to fix that. Any ideas?
$ lsmod
Module Size Used by
prism2_cs 76808 1
p80211 32272 1 prism2_cs
eth1394 18568 0
ohci_hcd 20484 0
ohci1394 32388 0
ieee1394 96568 2 eth1394,ohci1394
3c59x 36264 0
snd_intel8x0m 17224 2
pci_hotplug 11524 0
tsdev 6016 0
evdev 7936 0
nvidia 4815476 14
sd_mod 17280 0
cdc_acm 8992 0
ppp_async 10624 0
ppp_generic 27412 1 ppp_async
slhc 6912 1 ppp_generic
usb_storage 97936 0
snd_seq_oss 33664 0
snd_seq_midi_event 7040 1 snd_seq_oss
snd_seq 53776 4 snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi_event
snd_pcm_oss 51880 0
snd_mixer_oss 18304 1 snd_pcm_oss
snd_intel8x0 32556 2
snd_ac97_codec 68356 2 snd_intel8x0m,snd_intel8x0
snd_pcm 91780 4 snd_intel8x0m,snd_pcm_oss,snd_intel8x0
snd_timer 23556 2 snd_seq,snd_pcm
snd_page_alloc 9480 3 snd_intel8x0m,snd_intel8x0,snd_pcm
gameport 3968 1 snd_intel8x0
snd_mpu401_uart 7040 1 snd_intel8x0
snd_rawmidi 21540 1 snd_mpu401_uart
snd_seq_device 6920 3 snd_seq_oss,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi
snd 50276 20 snd_intel8x0m,snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi_even t,snd_seq,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_intel8x0,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm,snd_ timer,snd_mpu401_uart,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_device
soundcore 8160 1 snd
ide_scsi 14852 0
$ iwconfig
lo no wireless extensions.
sit0 no wireless extensions.
eth0 no wireless extensions.
eth1 no wireless extensions.
wlan0 no wireless extensions.
$ more /etc/modprobe.conf
# /etc/modprobe.conf (for v2.6 kernels)
alias eth0 3c59x
alias eth1 orinoco_cs
alias usb-controller usb-uhci
alias char-major-116* snd
options snd cards_limit=1
alias snd-card-0 snd-intel8x0
alias char-major-14* soundcore
alias sound-slot-0 snd-card-0
alias sound-service-0-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-0-1 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-0-8 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/sound/dsp snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/sound/sequencer snd-seq-oss
alias /dev/sound/mixer snd-mixer-oss
install snd-intel8x0 /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install snd-intel8x0 && { /usr/sb
in/alsactl restore; }
remove snd-intel8x0 /usr/sbin/alsactl store
alias /dev/nvidia* nvidia
your modprobe.conf says
alias eth1 orinoco_cs
while your 'lsmod' says 'prism2_cs'
i think you should change your modprobe.conf to
alias eth1 prism2_cs
I had once made that same mistake(assuming this is it), assuming 'via_rhine' instead of using 'sis900'
I got it working finally...
/etc/pcmcia/wlan-ng.conf only had drivers for prism2_cs. To get it working I copied the /etc/pcmcia/config file over the /etc/pcmcia/wlan-ng.conf file (after backing it up of course). This made it work (because the orinoco driver is listed in the file now) so I'm going to clean everything out of my new wlan-ng.conf that doesn't have anything to do with my wireless card to help reduce console noise. This works without any mention of my wireless device in rc.conf or modprobe.conf.
There may be a more elegant way to do this but at least this seems to work for me.
Thanks for all the help!
So which one do you use? prism2_cs or orinoco_cs?
Since your lsmod says prism2_cs but you seem to now have added the orinoco_cs to the wlan-ng.conf file.
Congratulations on getting it working
orinoco_cs is the driver I'm currently using. prism2_cs no longer shows up in lsmod. That driver was mapped to my card in my old wlan-ng.conf file so that's why it was showing up in lsmod but becuase it was the wrong driver for my card, nothing would work properly.
Thanks again for the help.


text:
About Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder that causes a person's bones to break easily, often from little or no apparent trauma.
What is Osteogenesis imperfecta?
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder that causes a person's bones to break easily, often from little or no apparent trauma. OI is also called "brittle bone disease." OI varies in severity from person to person, ranging from a mild type to a severe type that causes death before or shortly after birth. In addition to having fractures, people with OI also have teeth problems (dentinogenesis imperfecta), and hearing loss when they are adults. People who have OI may also have muscle weakness, loose joints (joint laxity) and skeletal malformations.
OI occurs in approximately 1 in 20,000 individuals, including people diagnosed after birth. OI occurs with equal frequency among males and females and among racial and ethnic groups. Life expectancy varies depending on how severe the OI is, ranging from very brief (lethal form, OI type II) to average.
There are four well-known types of OI. These types are distinguished mostly by fracture frequency and severity and by characteristic features. Three additional types of OI (type V, VI and VII) have also been identified.
The vast majority (90 percent) of OI is caused by a single dominant mutation in one of two type I collagen genes: COL1A1 or COL1A2.The COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes provide instructions for making proteins that are used to create a larger molecule called type I collagen. This type of collagen is the most common protein in bone, skin and other tissues that provide structure and strength to the body (connective tissues). OI type VII is caused by recessive mutations in the CRTAP gene.
What are the symptoms of Osteogenesis imperfecta?
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) causes bones to be fragile and easily broken and is also responsible for other health problems.
Type I OI is the mildest form of the condition. People who have type I OI have bone fractures during childhood and adolescence often due to minor trauma When these individuals reach adulthood they have fewer fractures.
Type II OI is the most severe form of OI. Infants with type II have bones that appear bent or crumpled and fractured before birth. Their chest is narrow and they have fractured and misshapen ribs and underdeveloped lungs. These infants have short, bowed arms and legs; hips that turn outward; and unusually soft skull bones. Most infants with type II OI are stillborn or die shortly after birth, usually from breathing failure.
Type III OI also has relatively severe signs and symptoms. Infants with OI type III have very soft and fragile bones that may begin to fracture before birth or in early infancy. Some infants have rib fractures that can cause life-threatening problems with breathing. Bone abnormalities tend to get worse over time and often interfere with the ability to walk.
Type IV OI is the most variable form OI. Symptoms of OI type IV can range from mild to severe. About 25 percent of infants with OI type IV are born with bone fractures. Others may not have broken bones until later in childhood or adulthood. Infants with OI type IV have leg bones that are bowed at birth, but bowing usually lessens as they get older.
Some types of OI are also associated with progressive hearing loss, a blue or grey tint to the part of the eye that is usually white (the sclera), teeth problems (dentinogenesis imperfecta), abnormal curvature of the spine (scoliosis) and loose joints. People with this condition may have other bone abnormalities and are often shorter in stature than average.
How is Osteogenesis imperfecta diagnosed?
OI is often inherited from an affected parent. The diagnosis of OI is made on the basis of family history and/or clinical presentation. Frequent fractures, short stature, a blue hue to the white part of the eye (blue sclera), teeth problems (dentinogenesis imperfecta) and hearing loss that progresses after puberty may be present.
X-rays are also used to diagnose OI. X-ray findings include fractures that are at different stages of healing; an unexpected skull bone pattern called Wormian bones; and bones in the spine called "codfish vertebrae."
Laboratory testing for OI may include either biochemical testing or DNA-based sequencing of COL1A1 and COL1A2. Biochemical testing involves studying collagens taken from a small skin biopsy. Changes in type I collagen are an indication of OI.
DNA sequencing of COL1A1 and COL1A2 is used to identify the type I collagen gene mutation responsible for the altered collagen protein. DNA testing requires a blood sample for DNA extraction. Both tests are relatively sensitive, detecting approximately 90 percent and 95 percent, respectively, of individuals with the clinical diagnosis of OI. Normal biochemical and molecular testing in a child with OI warrants additional testing of less common collagen genes (CRTAP and P3H (LEPRE1)) responsible for some of the rare recessive forms of OI.
What is the treatment for Osteogenesis imperfecta?
There is currently no cure for OI. Treatment involves supportive therapy to decrease the number of fractures and disabilities, help with independent living and maintain overall health. OI is best managed by a medical team including the child's own doctor, and genetic, orthopedic and rehabilitation medicine. Supportive therapy is unique to each individual depending on the severity of their condition and their age.
Physical and occupational therapies to help improve their ability to move, to prevent fractures and to increase muscle strength are often useful.
Fractures are treated as they would be in children and adults who do not have OI. An orthopedic treatment called intramedullary rodding (placing rods in the bones) is used to help with positioning of legs that helps with more normal functioning when necessary.
A newer treatment with medication called biophosphonates is being used to help with bone formation and to decrease the need for surgery.
Is Osteogenesis imperfecta inherited?
Most types of OI are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Almost all infants with the severe type II OI are born into families without a family history of the condition. Usually, the cause in these families is a new mutation in the egg or sperm or very early embryo in the COL1A1 or COL1A2 gene. In the milder forms of OI, 25-30 percent of cases occur as a result of new mutations. The other cases are inherited from a parent who has the condition. Whether a person has OI due to a new mutation or an inherited genetic change, an adult with the disorder can pass the condition down to future generations.
In autosomal dominant inherited OI, a parent who has OI has one copy of a gene mutation that causes OI. With each of his/her pregnancies, there is a 1 in 2 (50 percent) chance to pass on the OI gene mutation to a child who would have OI, and a 1 in 2 (50 percent) chance to pass on the normal version of the gene to a child who would not have OI.
Rarely, OI can be inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Most often, the parents of a child with an autosomal recessive disorder are not affected but are carriers of one copy of the altered gene. Autosomal recessive inheritance means two copies of the gene must be altered for a person to be affected by the disorder. The autosomal recessive form of type III OI usually results from mutations in genes other than COL1A1 and COL1A2.
Additional Resources on Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Talking With Your Primary Care Doctor: A Guide for People With OI
Last updated: July 5, 2017