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Karen, welcome and as always here at DWT tell us your favorite drink?
Hmmm, I'd have to say it's a toss up between beer and a good margarita. I love a good wheat beer in a frosted mug. But a schooner margarita along with chips and salsa can't be beat.
It's amazing to me how you were able to do this, but you have three books coming out in the next four months! Tell us a little something about them.
My October book PROFILE OF SEDUCTION is the third book in my Cordasic Legacy mini-series, though it's a stand-alone story too. It's the thought-provoking tale of a woman trying to overcome having been a prisoner of a serial killer. She thinks capturing the bad guy will be enough, but maybe learning to love can carry her further.
In December I have COLTON'S CHRISTMAS BABY, which is the sixth book in the Colton's of Montana series. That book features another interesting character. My hero, Damien Colton, has just been released from prison for a crime he didn't commit.
And then in January I have LONE WOLF, another one of my PACK (Shapeshifter) stories for Harlequin Nocturne. It's the romance between a werewolf and a vampire, and the amazing child who results from their union.
Werevampie babies! Love it. Let's take you back… when did you first get that writing spark?
I've always been a reader and in my mid-twenties I had to have surgery and stay home for eight weeks, so I wrote my first Harlequin (which never sold). Believe it or not, I didn't have a computer and wrote it on an old electric typewriter!
Writers who could write a book on a typewriter amaze me! I would have given up after the first bottle of whiteout. Tell us what are you favorite and least favorite parts of being a published writer?
My favorite part is a tie between seeing the cover for the first time and seeing the book in the store. I also love getting fan mail. The least favorite part would be those pesky deadlines! They get in the way of life sometimes!
Tell me about it! Although I do think sometimes those business deadlines are necessary. You've written both - single title and category. What are some pros and cons of both?
With single-title, you have to do more promotion. The book stays on the shelf longer and because of the longer length, you have more time to explore the story. Category has way better distribution and though it's only out one month, it reaches a lot more people.
Interesting. I think most people would think the opposite, but in some cases Harlequin is really the best way to get your name out there. Tell us what you are reading right now?
I just finished reading a book called THE DUFF (DESIGNATED UGLY FAT FRIEND) by Kody Keplinger and another called GREYHOUND by Stefan Piper. They are both Young Adult books and were both amazing. I've been reading a lot in that genre because I would like to write one myself.
Young Adult! That genre totally has it going on right now. And finally - the question always makes me pause when I think about it – if you could have written any book on your keeper shelf which one would it have been?
OMG, anything by LyVryle Spencer or Lisa Kleypas. They are both amazing writers. Also, one of the best trilogies I've read lately – THE HUNGER GAMES by Suzanne Collins. Since I got my Kindle for Christmas, I've read a lot of amazing books in all kinds of genres. Though I still mainly read romance, my favorite. Which is why I write it!


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Buy a House or Pay Off Student Debt
Dear Dave,
We're on Baby Step 1 of your plan, and we have $1,000 saved. We have a baby, my husband brings home about $2,000 a month, and we have $50,000 in debt, the majority of which is student loans. My mother-in-law has offered to let us move in with her for a while in order to pay off our debts more quickly and save up to buy a house. Does this sound like a good idea?
Dear Ann,
If your husband can get his income up, I'd prefer that you guys maintain your own residence. Moving in with a parent would be my last choice, if for no other reason than keeping your independence and maintaining some dignity. Plus, it'll just be better for your marriage. But you don't need to even think about buying a house until you first clean up the mess you've made.
Still, if things get so tight you feel like you have to take your mother-in-law up on her offer, make it for a very limited amount of time. Write it down as an agreement too. I'd say a minimum of six months, but definitely no more than a year. During this time you guys need to get on a killer budget, knock out a bunch of debt, and pile up as much cash in savings as you can. Then, find yourselves an inexpensive place to rent for a while. Hopefully, by that time your husband's income will have increased.
But the big thing is to get stuff straight in your mind about this situation. Make sure everyone involved knows the arrangement is temporary and that you and your husband are serious about doing the hard work it'll take to put your financial house in order. You guys shouldn't still be living with a parent two or three years down the road!
Dear Dave,
Recently, I got married and I have $10,000 in student loan debt. I have $50,000 that came from my grandmother, but the money is in a trust controlled by my father, who is an attorney. He says I should use it all to buy a small house outright. I think it makes more sense to pay down my student loan debt. Who's right?
Dear Elizabeth,
Why not completely pay off the student loan, and put $40,000 toward a big down payment on a house? I'm sorry, but your dad is just plain wrong on this one. You should be debt-free before you buy property, because if you aren't, Murphy will move into your spare bedroom. Plus, he'll bring his three cousins—Broke, Desperate and Stupid—with him.
Now, part of the reason I'm saying your dad is wrong is based on the assumption that you guys are going to be responsible and live on a plan that's logical and mature. If he knows better and has seen evidence that you're irresponsible, he may have decided he's not releasing the money in a way that would allow you to potentially blow it all.
So really, a lot of it depends on where you and your husband are in the growth process as a young married couple. Are you going to budget and live on less than you make? Are you going to have a plan and clearly defined goals for your future and your money, perhaps use the remaining $40,000 as a methodology to build up an even bigger down payment? Or, are you going to use the fact that the student loan is gone to consume even more?
In other words, how grown-up are you going to be?
Dave Ramsey is America's most trusted voice on money and business. He's authored four New York Times best-selling books: Financial Peace, More Than Enough, The Total Money Makeover and EntreLeadership. The Dave Ramsey Show is heard by more than 5 million listeners each week on more than 500 radio stations. Follow Dave on Twitter at @DaveRamsey and on the web at daveramsey.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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Aurora theater shooting report shows delays in fire, ambulance response
The fire department says it was not notified until 17 minutes after the attack that it was needed at the back of the theater
The Associated Press
AURORA, Colo. — Police and fire officials failed to tell each other when and where rescuers were needed following the Aurora theater shootings, according to reports obtained by the Denver Post that portray a chaotic and confused scene.
The incident reports and a fire department internal review obtained by the Denver Post through an open-records request provided more information about when emergency medical responders arrived on scene and when they were notified there were gunshot victims behind Theater 9.
By that time, ambulances were stuck behind parked cars, police vehicles and 1,400 fleeing moviegoers.
"We didn't really hear the cry for people needed at the rear of the theater until (later)," said Aurora Deputy Fire Chief Danny Wilcox.
That notification from fire dispatch to emergency medical workers was 17 minutes after the shooting was reported at 12:38 a.m. on July 20. A fire commander had directed ambulances to a nearby staging area to await further instructions. Police officers had been telling their dispatchers they needed medical help at the rear of the theater for at least seven minutes.
Police said officers had to transport some of the most critically injured in the back of police cars. Many of the injured patients, who were spread over eight locations, drove themselves to the hospital after getting emergency medical treatment.
Initial reports indicated there was only one person shot and that there were possible bombs in the front and rear of the theater.
James Holmes is charged with killing 12 people and injuring 70. Prosecutors said they will seek the death penalty.
The 27-page internal report does not thoroughly review the actions of responders and commanders or assign fault for a response that ended with nearly more patients transported to hospitals in police cars than in ambulances. It also does not address why so many ambulances sat unused at a nearby a staging area. Nor does it make recommendations for future disasters.
Fire officials said the report was intended to be a written timeline of events.
The city declined to comment, citing a court-issued gag order. Medical examiners, citing the gag order, have not released autopsy reports on the victims.
An outside review was put on hold after the Arapahoe County district attorney said it could hinder prosecution of Holmes.
Information from: The Denver Post


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The Board has agreed to extend the carport usage program (see original post here) until December 31, 2021 subject to payment of a fee of $150 + VAT (Total $168) per carport. The spaces shall be allocated on a first paid, first-served basis with preference being given to those that took advantage of the program in the previous year provided that payment is made before the expiration date.
The spaces are numbered in accordance with the sequence below starting from the West and heading East. Unauthorized vehicles parked in any of these locations after December 31, 2020, shall be subject to removal and storage charges.
To start the application process, please complete the form below and the office will contact you to finalize arrangements.


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Runners Stop During Race to Thank 95-Year-Old Veteran in Touching Tribute [VIDEO]
You really ought to know the way to San Jose.
During last weekend's San Jose 408K Race, several runners jumped off the course to shake hands with 95-year-old World War Two veteran Joe Bell.
Bell was on hand, decked out in his complete uniform, to support the race, which raises funds for the Pat Tillman Foundation, a charity that helps military families.
One runner started the trend before others quickly followed suit, showing that no matter what their age, veterans are always appreciated.


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Facebook earlier this summer sparked criticism over a study in which it manipulated the feeds of some of its users, but the dating site OkCupid says what Facebook did is normal, and that in fact it has run its own user-behavior tests.
In 2012, Facebook altered the amount of positive and negative content in users' feeds, to see the impact of the posts on their mood. The feeds of less than 700,000 users out of Facebook's 1.32 billion total were altered. The ethics of the study were called into question, with one U.S. senator calling on the U.S. Federal Trade Commission to investigate whether the study violated Facebook's policies and FTC laws around "unfair or deceptive acts or practices."
The dating site OkCupid, however, says experiments like Facebook's are necessary for testing features and products, and for making websites better.
"Guess what everybody: If you use the Internet, you're the subject of hundreds of experiments at any given time, on every site," OkCupid said in a blog post on Monday. "That's how Web sites work."
OkCupid uses an algorithm to show users other people the site thinks would make good matches, partly using a questionnaire.
The company has run its own experiments, such as when it removed users' photos from their profiles, or told people they were good matches when the algorithm said otherwise. Not surprisingly, people sent more messages when OkCupid told them they were compatible, the company said.
OkCupid terms of use are broad. The information the site collects about its users may be used to "perform research and analysis about your use of, or interest in, our products, services, or content, or products, services or content offered by others," the company says in its terms.
Facebook, meanwhile, constantly tweaks its algorithms to determine what posts to show to users and when. Part of the controversy over Facebook's study though, was whether Facebook was being sneaky in how it did it.
Facebook's terms, though few may read them, are also broad. Users' information may be used "for internal operations, including troubleshooting, data analysis, testing, research and service improvement."


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₹ 2,967.00
Main Benefits Of HT NIL Capsule:-
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- Regulates cholesterol levels
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Generally, it is seen that many people, who suffer from high blood pressure issue, do not go for proper treatment. Though, they face the issues but they keep a distance from the proper treatment. The reason is the distaste about the idea of medicines. The chemical formulations that have taken over all forms of treatment, is not a welcome thing for those patients who are aware of its negative impacts on the body. That's why they prefer natural remedies for high blood pressure and alternative treatments.
The patient of high blood pressure often indulge in those activities, mostly unknowingly which increase the complexity of the issue like insignificant physical movement, lack of nourishments, tension and depression, etc. The secret to cure is not in ignoring the conditions and also not in thinking about it. It is in its proper treatment. If you leave the circumstance as it is, then it gradually incurs significant harm. The blood arteries get thick with time and prevent the blood flow in its pace which further reduces the efficiency of heart.
High blood pressure is such an issue which brings other issues that interferes in day to day life actions. The heart is the focal point of body and blood flow is the life line of it. The problems in these two affect the whole body parts and functionality at a large scale.
What Exactly Is High Blood Pressure Issue?
High blood pressure is a situation when blood arteries becomes thick and prevents the proper full flow of blood. It puts the unnecessary pressure on the heart functionality. The slow blood flow reduces the level of oxygen and nutrition in the body which further affects the efficiency of the body parts. The overall impact results in the reduced body energy and work efficiency. The reason for clogged blood vessels is due to abnormality in the fatty molecule metabolism in the body which results in extra cholesterol in blood plasma. By and large, hypertension or high blood pressure is categorized into three different types;
- Prehypertension – Upper rate 120-139 and Lower rate 80-89
- Hypertension Stage 1 – Upper rate 140-159 and Lower rate 90-99
- Hypertension Stage 2 – More than 160 and More than 100
Symptoms Of High Blood Pressure:
These are the main symptoms that follow if a person is facing the high blood pressure issue-
- Breath shortness and trouble in breathing properly
- Headache for quite a time because of restrictions in blood circulation that affect the sensory system
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Irregular and fast thumping of heart
- Strange feeling that keeps on coming
- Feeling like Vomiting
Main Causes Of High Blood Pressure:
a.) Stress –One of the major reasons for this issue and many other issues in the body. In modern times, stress has become an integral part of life but to avoid its negative impact, it should be released time to time by doing the things you love. It keeps your heart healthy and out of pressure.
b.) Overweight–The unhealthy lifestyle invites overweight issue and the overweight issue in turn invites numerous issues in the body. If you are an overweight person, then most likely you will also suffer from high blood pressure issue as well. The explanation for this is the abundance fat that obstructs the veins and limits the blood flowing way.
c.) Age – Age is likewise the fundamental factor for this. With age, veins tend to restrict and it raises the blood pressure levels.
d.) Inactive Way of life – A person with low physical activity stays on high danger of getting
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e.) Excess use of salt – Salt increases the blood circulation rate which makes the heart to pump
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f.) Smoking and Alcohol consumption – Smoking is injurious to health is true in all senses. A man
with consistent smoking habit gets into hypertension issue as a reward of his deeds. Besides, alcohol is the
killer of all the good things in your body and soul. It thickens the blood arteries and reduces the blood flow.
g.) High Fat eating regimen – Habitual use of high fat food expands the danger of this issue.
Tension,depression, anxiety and similar psychological factors bring negative impact on your heart.
h.) Diabetes – Diabetes is specifically identified with hypertension.
i.) Oral contraceptives and medications – If a person is on long duration restorative course, then his/her odds to have the hypertension issue rises.
j.) Pregnancy – Pregnancy causes transitory hypertension issue which could keep going for pointless long time if legitimate medication is not done in due time.
World is changing rapidly and so, one cannot take the risk to stand still. Instead of chemical formulations, you can now simply rely on this natural and completely safe formulation which has already benefitted millions of people throughout the world. Use this medicine and feel the power of natural herbs yourself.
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The prescribed dosage is 2 capsules a day but it is recommended to first call our specialists to get the complete details regarding the prescription and other important aspects.


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Life insurance can serve different purposes for different people. Sure, number one--providing for your loved ones--is pretty straightforward. But there are other roles life insurance plays and reasons why avoiding it can cause confusion and even lawsuits. Here are five benefits of life insurance: 1. To provide your loved ones with immediate liquidity... »
March 7, 2019
Many people get caught up writing sympathy notes, thinking they need to say something profound and not coming up with anything. This often results in procrastination, which leads to not sending a sympathy note at all, which is one of the worst things you can do. Amy Cunningham, who also... »
January 16, 2019
A special thanks to our guest blogger, Beverly Nelson. With more people becoming caregivers for aging family every day, Beverly aims to provide as many resources as possible to help caregivers access the support they need. ____________________________________________________________________________________ We often find in this life the most important things are sometimes the... »
November 29, 2018
While upbringing often dictates one's thoughts and beliefs about what happens after death, personal experiences will alter that perspective in a heartbeat (or lack of one.) Here are six personal accounts of near-death experiences. "I've died twice, medically speaking. The first time was due to a motorcycle accident. When I... »
October 30, 2018
Tea. Cake. Death. Not exactly your everyday trio. Yet Death Cafes are on the rise. Started in Switzerland in 2004 by sociologist and anthropologist Bernard Crettaz, the objective of Death Cafes is to increase the awareness of death with a view to helping people make the most of their... »
October 29, 2018
Although not always enforceable, you can put pretty much anything into your last will and testament--and these people did. Here are 5 off-the-wall last requests. Jeremy Bentham died in 1832, and upon his direction his head and skeleton were preserved and dressed in a suit. His body has been on display... »
October 26, 2018
You may think this is a Halloween hoax. Think again. Ambrosia is a Monterey, California startup company that is selling plasma transfusions harvested from teenagers at $8,000 a pop. A 2014 Harvard University study that demonstrated young blood renews old mice seems to have spearheaded the latest in what has become,... »
October 25, 2018
The Queen of Soul and Prince will be singing the tunes of intestacy in the great Carnegie Hall in the sky. Both died without a will, leaving their families to contend with lengthy court proceedings. According to Don Wilson, Franklin's attorney for the past 28 years, it didn't seem... »
September 6, 2018
Anthony Bourdain's will debunked initial guesstimates that he was worth $16 million--or did it? The assets named in his will put his estate, which he left primarily to his 11-year-old daughter Ariane, at $1.2 million. That breaks down to $425,000 in savings, $35,000 in brokerage money, $250,000 in personal property, and... »
July 6, 2018
1 2 3 4 Next »
The rapid decrease of burial space in Tokyo sparked an architectural competition to design a vertical cemetery. Arch Out Loud, the research initiative that issued the challenge, fielded 460 proposals from 54 countries and 6 continents. Architects and designers were asked to incorporate Japan's cultural identity relating to death, as... »
May 18, 2018


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Made by Laurel Denise
Laurel's handwriting makes every bracelet feel personal, meaningful and presents as the ultimate thoughtful gift. Made using the highest quality leather, each bracelet is entirely handmade in the US. Our pieces whisper encouragement - made simple, understated, and petite on purpose. This bracelet is meant to be a private reminder and piece of inspiration just for you.
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- The clasp and extender chain is made from antiqued brass.


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Rule #1 - Be Patient - Rule #2 - Don't ask when, if you don't contribute - Rule #3 - You have coding skills - LinuxMCE's small brother is available: http://www.agocontrol.com
Hi all,I'm trying to find out if it possible to have OTA HD cards in the media director and not located in the core? I'm hoping that I can have an OTA HD card(s) in one media director and that it will store the HD .tp stream back to the core. Once stored at the core, I would then be able to playback on any media director ( assuming they have the ability to playback .tp/.ts streams ). Maybe it does this and I'm just to dense to see it but I want to make sure it will work before I go re-wiring 1/2 my house.Thank You,-Brian
I'm guessing by "HD cards" the poster is asking about ATSC (OTA hi definition) capture cards. If I understand correctly, this is something that is supported in Myth. Essentially, you'd need to run a myth backend on each of the media directors. The master backend running on the core would schedule the tuners. One easier option that you should look at would be using the HdHomerun (http://www.silicondust.com/) This device puts two HD tuners on the network. This is supported by MythTV and lets you avoid having to string coax to each of your MDs. You can stick it somewhere out of the way. This would simplify your MD MythTV setup as well.
I'm in the UK so can I ask a question about HD? Why would you want to distribute them like this and secondly how many channels can a single card receive at the same time? I assume HD channels are mux'd like standard def or HD channels are here in Europe.CheersAndrew
QuoteI'm in the UK so can I ask a question about HD? Why would you want to distribute them like this and secondly how many channels can a single card receive at the same time? I assume HD channels are mux'd like standard def or HD channels are here in Europe.CheersAndrewI'm not sure about what you mean by why would you want to distribute them like this, but I assume you are asking why the OP wants to have his media directors also be HD capture sources. In that case it is likely do to cabling. If they already have cables ran to various rooms in the house, then by having each media director be, in essence, a mythbackend, they can use multiple HD tuners without having to cram them all inside a single box; the upside is ease of having multiple HD sources, the major and obvious downside is that every machine must be configured, always on (when you expect them to be, or able to be remotely turned on at will).One great alternative is the HDHomeRun which means no need to have every system in the house always on or to have multiple "backends" setup. Instead 1 backend with several HDHomeRuns or even a single HDHomeRun to do 2 HD captures at the same time..Your second part about how many channels are muxed, well just 1 in reality. The stations here are a little new to the whole concept of multiplexing. Instead of showing multiple shows on the sub channels, they offer 2 versions of the same show: SDTV and HDTV which usually just translates to 4:3 or 16:9 and either 480i or 1080i/720p So, in general you need a tuner for every channel you want to watch as each station has it's own separate mux and show the same program on all of their mux's.To say that visually:Channel 2 is the analog version of 2.1Channel 2 and 2.1 will show the same program, and if 2.2 exists it will show the same program in a lesser digital format (such as SDTV at 480i/4:3 ratio) while channel 2 will show the same thing but analog and 2.1 will show the HDTV 16:9 1080i with DD 5.1 surround of the same program.Hope that helps.-Chad


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Groo - 'The Hogs of Horder' #1 (2009).
Sergio Aragonés Domenech was born in San Mateo, Spain, but moved to France and eventually Mexico, because of the Civil War. He grew up in Mexico City, producing streams of cartoons for his friends. In 1953, one of these friends sent some to the Mexican humor magazine Ja Ja, which printed them. He also began a collaboration with the magazine Mañana.
'The Smokehouse Five'.
He studied architecture for a while, and worked as a clown and pantomime artist, which he learned under the guidance of Alejandro Jodorowsky. Aragonés headed for the USA in 1962, where he began his longtime collaboration with MAD magazine. Aragonés became known for his section 'A Mad Look At....' and his many pantomime comic strips, called marginals, which were inserted into the margins and between panels of the magazine. Aragonés has contributed to nearly every issue of MAD since 1963.
'Louder Than Words'.
In the late sixties, Aragonés began a collaboration with DC Comics, drawing for titles like 'Angel and the Ape', 'Inferior Five', 'Young Romance' and 'Jerry Lewis', as well as some horror anthologies. He also served as a plotter for other artists and co-created serials like the western 'Bat Lash' and the humor title 'Plop!' (1973-1976).
'Buzz and Bell'.
He started his classic fantasy parody 'Groo the Wanderer' with scripts by Marc Evanier in the alternative comic book Destroyer Duck in 1982. As a creator-owned book, 'Groo' has since been published by a number of publishers, including Pacific Comics, Eclipse Comics, Marvel Comics (under the Epic Comics imprint), Image Comics and Dark Horse Comics. Other serials by Aragonés at the time were 'The Smokehouse Five' and 'Buzz and Bell', which were distributed in Europe to publishers like Dupuis (Belgium) and Carlsen (Germany) through the Strip Art Features syndicate.
'Maggie's Crib' (2010).
Aragonés and Evanier continued their collaboration throughout the 1990s with series like 'Fanboy', 'Boogeyman', 'Magnor', 'Blair Witch?' and a series in which they trash famous characters: 'Sergio Aragonés Massacres Marvel', 'Sergio Aragonés Destroys DC', and 'Sergio Aragonés Stomps Star Wars'. His artwork has appeared on hundreds of advertisements and editorial features, and his animation has been featured on numerous TV shows. In recent years, he has a regular feature in the 'Bart Simpson' comic book, called 'Maggie's Crib'.
Together with artist Giorgio Cavazzano, Aragonés collaborated on the gag comic 'Oran et Outang/C'est La Jungle' in the magazine Spirou. In 2007 Aragonés scripted an issue of 'The Spirit', drawn by Jason Armstrong.
In 1990 Aragonés paid graphic tribute to François Walthéry in the collective homage book 'Natacha. Special 20 Ans' (Marsu Productions, 1990), which celebrated the 20th anniversary of Walthéry's series 'Natacha'.
Drawing on a napkin for Lambiek (1982).
Sergio Aragonés was a strong graphic influence on Carlos Castellanos, Larie Cook, Luc Cromheecke, Graeme MacKay, Monkey Punch and Juanele Tamal.
Sergio Aragonès in Leipzig (Photo: Henrik Bernd).


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Newpath Learning Chromosomes, Genes and DNA Student Learning Guide with Online Lesson
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I don't want to give any more details away in case, at the time of my death, this lost masterpiece is uncovered and published to rampant and unbridled success, akin to Edwin Drood or The Love of the Last Tycoon. I wouldn't want to spoil that for my descendants. But I will give you a glimpse at some of the masterly interior illustrations.
|This is called "The Chaos Mutants Attack Dwarves". Not sure why the dwarf on the left has his axe in his belt right in the middle of a battle. Frankly I think he deserves to be clubbed in the face with a massive morning star.
|This is Rikki the Tigerman. In the first scene in which he appears, he bites the head off something that has "the body of a huge ogre and the head of an elephant" and then introduces himself as "An expert scout and fighter". Show off.


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The singleton is a useful design pattern for allowing only one instance of your class, but common mistakes can inadvertently allow more than one instance to be created. In this article, I'll show you how that can happen and how to avoid it.
The singleton's purpose is to control object creation, limiting the number to one but allowing the flexibility to create more objects if the situation changes. Since there is only one singleton instance, any instance fields of a singleton will occur only once per class, just like static fields.
Singletons often control access to resources such as database connections or sockets. For example, if you have a license for only one connection for your database or your JDBC driver has trouble with multithreading, the singleton makes sure that only one connection is made or that only one thread can access the connection at a time. If you add database connections or use a JDBC driver that allows multithreading, the singleton can be easily adjusted to allow more connections.
Moreover, singletons can be stateful; in this case, their role is to serve as a unique repository of state. If you are implementing a counter that needs to give out sequential and unique numbers (such as the machine that gives out numbers in the deli), the counter needs to be globally unique. The singleton can hold the number and synchronize access; if later you want to hold counters in a database for persistence, you can change the private implementation of the singleton without changing the interface.
On the other hand, singletons can also be stateless, providing utility functions that need no more information than their parameters. In that case, there is no need to instantiate multiple objects that have no reason for their existence, and so a singleton is appropriate.
The singleton should not be seen as way to implement global variables in Java; rather, along the lines of the factory design patterns, the singleton lets you encapsulate and control the creation process by making sure that certain prerequisites are fulfilled or by creating the object lazily on demand.
However, in certain situations, two or more singletons can mysteriously materialize, disrupting the very guarantees that the singleton is meant to provide. For example, if your singleton
Frame is meant as a global user interface for your application and two are created, your application will have two
Frames on the screen -- quite confusing for the user. Further, if two counters are created where one was intended, then clients requesting numbers will not get the desired sequence 1, 2, 3... but rather a multiple sequence such as 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3.... Additionally, if several instances of a database-connection singleton are created, you might start receiving
SQLExceptions complaining about "too many database connections."
In this article, I'll describe those phenomena and how to avoid them. After discussing how to implement the singleton, I'll go over the sometimes surprising causes for the phenomena one by one, showing you how they occur and how you can avoid making those mistakes. I hope that in the process you will learn about classloading, multithreading, distributed systems, Design Patterns, and other interesting topics, as I did.
Implementing singletons
There are a few ways to implement singletons. Although you can get singleton-like behavior with static fields and methods [for example,
java.lang.Math.sin(double)], you gain more flexibility by creating an instance. With singletons implemented as single instances instead of static class members, you can initialize the singleton lazily, creating it only when it is first used. Likewise, with a singleton implemented as single instance, you leave open the possibility of altering the class to create more instances in the future. With some implementations of the singleton, you allow writers of subclasses to override methods polymorphically, something not possible with static methods.
Most commonly, you implement a singleton in Java by having a single instance of the class as a static field. You can create that instance at class-loading time by assigning a newly created object to the static field in the field declaration, as seen in Listing 1.
Listing 1
public class MySingleton { private static MySingleton _instance = new MySingleton(); private MySingleton() { // construct object . . . } public static MySingleton getInstance() { return _instance; } // Remainder of class definition . . .
Alternatively, you can instantiate it lazily, on first demand, as seen in Listing 2. You keep the constructor private to prevent instantiation by outside callers.
Listing 2
public class MySingleton { private static MySingleton _instance; private MySingleton() { // construct object . . . } // For lazy initialization public static synchronized MySingleton getInstance() { if (_instance==null) { _instance = new MySingleton(); } return _instance; } // Remainder of class definition . . . }
Both singleton implementations do not allow convenient subclassing, since
getInstance(), being static, cannot be overridden polymorphically. Other implementations prove more flexible. While I don't have the space to describe alternative implementations in detail, here are a couple of possibilities:
- If you implement a factory class with a method that returns the singleton instance, you allow yourself flexibility in the runtime class of the return value, which can be either
MySingletonor a subclass thereof. You may have to make the constructor nonprivate to make that work.
- You can have a
SingletonFactoryclass with a globally accessible map of class names or
Classobjects to singleton instances. Again, the runtime type of the instances can be either the type indicated by the class name or a subclass, and the constructor will not be private.
For other possible implementations, see "Implementing the Singleton Pattern in Java" in Resources. As I discuss the singleton, keep the above implementations in mind, although many of those phenomena can occur for any implementation of the singleton.
Now that we've looked briefly at implementation, let's turn to the heart of this article: how two singletons can exist simultaneously.
Multiple singletons in two or more virtual machines
When copies of the singleton class run in multiple VMs, an instance is created for each machine. That each VM can hold its own singleton might seem obvious but, in distributed systems such as those using EJBs, Jini, and RMI, it's not so simple. Since intermediate layers can hide the distributed technologies, to tell where an object is really instantiated may be difficult.
For example, only the EJB container decides how and when to create EJB objects or to recycle existing ones. The EJB may exist in a different VM from the code that calls it. Moreover, a single EJB can be instantiated simultaneously in several VMs. For a stateless session bean, multiple calls to what appears, to your code, to be one instance could actually be calls to different instances on different VMs. Even an entity EJB can be saved through a persistence mechanism between calls, so that you have no idea what instance answers your method calls. (The primary key that is part of the entity bean spec is needed precisely because referential identity is of no use in identifying the bean.)
The EJB containers' ability to spread the identity of a single EJB instance across multiple VMs causes confusion if you try to write a singleton in the context of an EJB. The instance fields of the singleton will not be globally unique. Because several VMs are involved for what appears to be the same object, several singleton objects might be brought into existence.
Systems based on distributed technologies such as EJB, RMI, and Jini should avoid singletons that hold state. Singletons that do not hold state but simply control access to resources are also not appropriate for EJBs, since resource management is the role of the EJB container. However, in other distributed systems, singleton objects that control resources may be used on the understanding that they are not unique in the distributed system, just in the particular VM.
Multiple singletons simultaneously loaded by different class loaders
When two class loaders load a class, you actually have two copies of the class, and each one can have its own singleton instance. That is particularly relevant in servlets running in certain servlet engines (iPlanet for example), where each servlet by default uses its own class loader. Two different servlets accessing a joint singleton will, in fact, get two different objects.
Multiple class loaders occur more commonly than you might think. When browsers load classes from the network for use by applets, they use a separate class loader for each server address. Similarly, Jini and RMI systems may use a separate class loader for the different code bases from which they download class files. If your own system uses custom class loaders, all the same issues may arise.
If loaded by different class loaders, two classes with the same name, even the same package name, are treated as distinct -- even if, in fact, they are byte-for-byte the same class. The different class loaders represent different namespaces that distinguish classes (even though the classes' names are the same), so that the two
MySingleton classes are in fact distinct. (See "Class Loaders as a Namespace Mechanism" in Resources.) Since two singleton objects belong to two classes of the same name, it will appear at first glance that there are two singleton objects of the same class.
Singleton classes destroyed by garbage collection, then reloaded
When a singleton class is garbage-collected and then reloaded, a new singleton instance is created. Any class can be garbage-collected when no other object holds reference to the class or its instances. If no object holds a reference to the singleton object, then the singleton class may disappear, later to be reloaded when the singleton is again needed. In that case, a new singleton object will be created. Any static or instance fields saved for the object will be lost and reinitialized.
This problems exists in older VMs. JDK 1.2 VMs, in particular, conform to a newer class garbage collection model that forbids any class in a given classloader to be collected until all are unreferenced (see Programming Java threads in the real world, Part 7" in Resources). You can avoid class garbage collection in the older VMs by holding a reference to the singleton class or object in some other object that persists for the program's life. You can also set your VM to have no class garbage collection (
-Xnoclassgc on the JRE 1.3, or
-noclassgc on the IBM JVM). Keep in mind that if you have a long-running program that frequently reloads classes (perhaps through special class loaders such as the remote class loaders), you have to consider whether that could cause a problematic buildup of garbage classes in the VM.
Purposely reloaded singleton classes
Classes are reloaded not only after class garbage-collection; they can also be reloaded at Java programs' request. The servlet specifications allow servlet engines to do that at any time. When the servlet engine decides to unload a servlet class, it calls
destroy(), then discards the servlet class; later, the servlet engine can reload the servlet class, instantiate the servlet object, and initialize it by calling
init(). In practice, the process of unloading and reloading may occur in a servlet engine when a servlet class or JSP changes.
Like the previous two cases, the present case involves newly loaded classes. Here, however, classes are ditched on purpose, while a new copy of the class loads.
Depending on the servlet engine, when an old servlet class is discarded, the associated classes might not be, even if they have changed. So if a servlet gets a reference to a singleton object, you may find that there is one singleton object associated with the old servlet class and one associated with the new.
As servlet engines differ in their class-reloading policies, the singleton behavior is unpredictable unless you understand how your servlet engine's class-loading mechanisms work.
Similar problems can occur if you hold a reference from another object to a servlet and some chain of references keeps that object from the garbage collector. Then, when the servlet class should be discarded, it cannot be, and you may find the servlet class loaded twice in the VM.
Multiple instances resulting from incorrect synchronization
One of the common singleton implementations uses lazy initialization of the one instance. That means that the instance is not created when the class loads, but rather when it is first used. (See Listing 2.) A common mistake with that implementation is to neglect synchronization, which can lead to multiple instances of the singleton class. (See Listing 3.)
Listing 3
// error, no synchronization on method public static MySingleton getInstance() { if (_instance==null) { _instance = new MySingleton(); } return _instance; }
Two singletons will be created if the constructor runs and simultaneously another thread calls the method. Thread-safe code is particularly important in singletons, since that Design Pattern is meant to give the user a single point of access that hides the complexities of the implementation, including multithreading issues.
Multiple instances can be created even if you add a
synchronized(this) block to the constructor call, as in Listing 4:
Listing 4
// Also an error, synchronization does not prevent // two calls of constructor. public static MySingleton getInstance() { if (_instance==null) { synchronized (MySingleton.class) { _instance = new MySingleton(); } } return _instance; }
In the correct solution, seen in Listing 5, make
getInstance() a synchronized method:
Listing 5
// correct solution public static synchronized MySingleton getInstance() { // . . . continue as in Listing 3
Double-checked locking is another common solution but, unfortunately, it does not work (see Listing 6).
Listing 6
// Double-checked locking -- don't use public static MySingleton getInstance() { if (_instance==null) { synchronized (MySingleton.class) { if (_instance==null) { _instance = new MySingleton(); } } } }
In this situation, we intend to avoid the expense of grabbing the lock of the singleton class every time the method is called. The lock is grabbed only if the singleton instance does not exist, and then the existence of the instance is checked again in case another thread passed the first check an instant before the current thread.
Unfortunately, double-checked locking causes problems. To wit, compiler optimizations can make the assignment of the new singleton object before all its fields are initialized. (See "Double-checked locking is broken" in Resources.) The only practical solution is to synchronize the
getInstance() method (as in Listing 2).
Multiple singletons arising when someone has subclassed your singleton
The Singleton design pattern is meant to give you control over access to the singleton class. While I have mostly discussed the control of instantiation, other code can access your class another way: by subclassing it.
The uniqueness of the class cannot be imposed as a compile-time constraint on the subclass unless you use a private constructor. If you want to allow subclassing, for example, you might make the constructor protected. A subclass could then expose a public constructor, allowing anyone to make instances. Since an instance of a subclass is an instance of your superclass, you could find multiple instances of the singleton.
Multiple singletons created by a factory specially asked to create multiple objects
One of the strengths of the Singleton design pattern, as opposed to static methods, is that if you change your mind and want more than one, the singleton class can be easily altered.
For example, most servlets run as singletons in their servlet engines. Since that can cause threading problems, in one alternative (not recommended, but available) the servlet can implement
SingleThreadModel. In that case, the servlet engine may, if necessary, create more than one servlet instance. If you are used to the more common singleton servlets, you may forget that some servlets can occur in multiple instances.
Copies of a singleton object that has undergone serialization and deserialization
If you have a serialized object and deserialize it twice in different
ObjectOutputStreams, or with calls
ObjectOutputStream.reset() between deserializations, you get two distinct objects, not two references to the same object.
Likewise, when you serialize an object with an
ObjectOutputStream, the closure of its graph of references serializes with it. If the
ObjectOutputStream closes and a new one opens, or if
reset() is called on the
ObjectOutputStream, the graph of references breaks and a new one is started. So if you serialize one singleton twice, the two serialized objects take on separate identities.
The object serialization of the
java.io package is not the only way to serialize Java objects. New mechanisms of object serialization with XML have been developed, including those associated with SOAP, WDDX, and KOALA, among others. With all those mechanisms, a reconstituted object loses its referential identity, and you have to consider carefully whether your singleton is still a singleton.
Multiple singletons caused by problems in a factory
In some implementations of creational design patterns in the factory family, the factory is a singleton structured to create an instance of another class. That second class might not have any singleton-like protection against multiple instantiation, on the grounds that the factory will ensure that it constructs only one instance.
If you accidentally have more than one factory object for one of the reasons above, you will still have two of the created objects, even if each factory object is built correctly.
Singletons are a useful way to control access to a class, making sure that only one instance can exist. In some none-too-uncommon circumstances, however, multiple instances can occur, even in a class coded as a singleton. By being aware of the possibility, you can be sure that your singleton really is a singleton.
In this article, I've presented some ways that the multiple singleton might emerge. If you've discovered any others, I'd be interested in hearing about them.
My thanks to Alexander Radzin for valuable comments on this article.


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Many family researchers often overlook the fact that they are not alone in the quest for information about their ancestors. Genealogy Today has a variety of resources for locating genealogists that researching the same surnames, as well as, an index of thousands of surname web sites. You'll probably hear the term "query" used when speaking with other family researchers. A query is nothing more than a post to a message board stating a specific ancestor or surname someone is looking for -- it's much like a classified ad in a newspaper, except that most are free. Using the Search feature, you can check across many of the databases at Genealogy Today, including Family Tree Climbers, Lost and Found and Birthroots. After searching, feel free to post some queries for the names your are looking for.
One of the things we tell new and experienced genealogists is to always check what other researchers may have already published about the surnames in your family tree. Most people react to this by saying, "yeah, sure, we checked out some web sites about our family names," which is a good start, but did you realize that many researchers have spent money to publish their family histories in PRINT -- some over 100 years ago! This is an untapped resource that many genealogists overlook. Genealogy Today has partnered with different publishers and has a searchable index containing references to over 6,000 of these self-published family histories. Prices of these reprints vary by the age of the book and the number of pages it contains.
A great resource for finding out what life was like in the towns where your ancestors lived is the local historical or genealogical society. They are often the keepers of local directories, newspaper archives and sometimes even have lists of people buried in local inactive cemeteries. When contacting a local society, keep in mind that they are usually run by volunteers who are more than willing to help, but don't expect them to do your research for you. To find a local society, we recommend Society Hill -- it's a free directory and lists the addresses of thousands of societies with links to their web sites. This information is available in our genealogy directory.
With a long tradition both in the United States and Europe dating back to the 1800's, funeral cards (also sometimes called mass, mourning or remembrance cards) are an excellent source of information for genealogists. You may have some in your closet, or your Mom may have collected them over the years. Be sure to ask all of your relatives. Genealogy Today has been scanning and indexing funeral cards, and you can search by surname. Just visit our Funeral Cards Online page.
If you're interested in learning additional family history techniques and want to keep up with the latest trends, read "Everyday Genealogy" written by Bob Brooke. Each month Bob highlights an area of family research of interest to people who have been looking for their ancestors. To make sure you don't miss a single article, sign up for the "Family Tree Digest" newsletter.
Another excellent source of local information is newspapers. While many newspapers have web site, few have made available access to any archives. Looking for articles about your relatives from 40 years ago remains a laborious chore of visiting a local library that has microfilm reels. Recently, Ancestry.com made available a searchable online newpaper archive, which is accessible for a small annual subscription. The power of this new service is that you can actually search for keywords (including surnames) and find information. For example, if you knew that an ancestor was involved in an event (like a parade or fire); you can search for their surname plus the keyword. It's very powerful and saves enormous amounts of time. New papers are being added regularly. Click here to learn more about the Historical Newspaper Col lection.
Most people are familiar with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (whose members are often referred to as Mormons), but most family researchers do not know that they are a fabulous resource for genealogy. Mormon beliefs about the eternal nature of the family, and the need for deceased ancestors to receive certain ordinances lead them to an active interest in family history. The LDS organization has, for many years, recorded primary documents from around the world on microfilm. They also run the largest genealogy library in the world in Salt Lake City, Utah. Locally in cities around the world, they operate Family History Centers (FHC) within their churches where anyone can visit and access the wonderful LDS collection. More recently, they expanded the capabilities of their web site, FamilySearch.org, and many of their indexes can be accessed online. From there you can then order a microfilm be sent to your local FHC to view the actual primary document you're looking for.
In addition to the LDS church, there are many commercial and independent groups that have transcribed information and make it accessible online. Our genealogy directory is an excellent resource for finding local free and subscription-based transcriptions for over 30,000 cities, and all counties and states in the United States. This directory can also help you locate local newspapers, libraries and adoption resources.
As a family researcher, you're probably quite familiar with dozens of web sites and are searching for multiple surnames. To help keep your efforts organized, you can sign up for a free membership to Team Roots. As a member of Team Roots, you get access to innovative tools that make using this site more effective. You can store a list of the primary surnames you're working on, bookmark favorite sites or features, keep track of the queries you post, and a whole lot more. Click here to join Team Roots now and instantly take advantage of these free tools.
Not every aspect of genealogy can be distilled down to step-by-step research techniques. In fact, many people "stumble" upon crucial facts by luck. Serendipity, a collection of unique stories submitted by genealogists about their most surprising research discoveries, is a project that tracks this supernatural part of family history. Interesting stories like: a failed cemetery search ends in a major discovery when their car breaks down in front of an ancestor's grave; or a researcher finds an elusive relative when he bumps a microfiche reader and finds them indexed under the wrong name; or a woman studying land records discovers that her own house is on the same land her family once owned! If you have an interesting story to share, feel free to stop by and submit it.
Be sure to stop by our Marketplace and browse through the Prints and Charts area for items to help document your findings for presentation to your friends and family.
After you have built up your family tree to several generations, and collected details on the lives of your nearest ancestors, you might be interested in digging further back in time to research additional branches, which you can do in our Research Tools section. Or perhaps you would like to formally learn how to become a genealogist and understand what it takes to become certified. If this is the case, visit our Advanced Topics section.


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The White Rose Exhibit
Die Weiße Rose
An exhibit chronicling The White Rose resistance group in Nazi Germany.
November 9, 2013–January 27, 2014
UW Seattle Campus
Odegaard Undergraduate Library
First, second and third floors
Formed in 1942 by University of Munich students, The White Rose was a small, non-violent Nazi resistance group in
Germany that spearheaded a nine-month anonymous leaflet and graffiti campaign calling for active opposition to Adolf
Hitler's regime. Seven members of the group were executed in 1943 and many others were imprisoned. The groups 6th leaflet,
known as the "Manifesto of the Students of Munich," was later airdropped over Germany in June 1943 by Allied planes.
For more information on the exhibit and ongoing related events, visit: wsherc.org/events/109-white-rose
Opening Event: Film Screening
Sophie Scholl: The Final Days
November 20, 2013, 6:30pm
Odegaard Undergraduate Library, Room 220
For more information about the film screening, visit: germanics.washington.edu
To request disability accommodations contact the University of Washington Disability Services Office at least
10 days in advance of the event: 206-543-6450; 206-685-7264 (fax); 206-543-6452 (TTY); or email@example.com (email).
UW Department of Germanics
Washington State Holocaust Education Resource Center
UW Odegaard Undergraduate Library


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At the time, IMSc had three major subject disciplines Physics, Mathematics and Computer Science. These areas are interlinked and yet separate. The fundamental idea is that the Borromean rings present such a relationship between three entities. Since all the areas are pursued in their theoretical/abstract guise at IMSc, it is also natural that the logo be abstractly definable rather than merely drawn, sketched or photographed. At the same time it should be physically realisable and the abstract definition should be capable of being presented as an algorithm. Finally, it would be nice if other numerological accidents were present to enhance the beauty, applicability and intricacy of the logo.
Subsequently, a fourth group has been established at IMSc (Computational Biology) but the logo has been retained.
The physical description
The logo consists of a collection of three "golden" rectangles made out of tubing which extrudes along as the orthogonal plane sections of an icosahedron. Eight equilateral triangles made of "rope" lie in the eight octants and join the appropriate corners of the rectangles. The shape outlined is a regular isocahedron. The letters "IMSc" will float at the centre of this shape.
Ruler and Compass construction
The planar version of this logo can be constructed using ruler and compass as explained below. We begin by constructing a regular hexagon with side of length a. We also construct the length b = a ⋅ (√5 - 1) which is the side of a golden rectangle with longer side of length a; this construction is part of the construction of a regular pentagon. Let X, Y and Z be the diagonals of the regular hexagon. Let X- and X+ be segments of length b which are parallel to X and lie with their centres at the two ends of Z. Similarly, place Y - and Y + which are of length b and parallel to Y at the ends of X, and again Z- and Z+ which are of length b and parallel to Z and lie at the ends of Y . The end points of these last six lines are the corners of the projection of the icosahedron.
So let Z± (respectively X± and Y ±be the lines parallel to Z (repsectively X and Y ) which join the appropriate endpoints of X± (respecitvely Y ± and Z±. The parallelogram bounded by X± and Z± (repsectively bounded by Y ± and X±, and bounded by Z± and Y ±) is the planar projection of a rectangle in the XZ plane (repsectively Y X plane and ZY plane). These three rectangles are linked in the topological type of borromean rings. Moreover, each corner of each rectangle lies in exactly one quadrant of the corresponding plane. The coordinate planes divide space into eight octants, each of which is bounded by three quadrants. We can thus join the three corners that lie in each octant to get the eight triangles.
Some other aspects
As is well known the group of symmetries of the icosahedron has been extensively studied by Felix Klein. It is isomorphic to the group of projective automorphisms of a projective line over a fields with 5 elements. This group is one of the few finite groups that occurs within the special orthogonal group in three dimensions; through the relation between the latter group and the special unitary group in two complex dimensions, there has been some interest in the icosahedral group from theoretical physicists.... notably string theorists. The crystallographic nature of this group has also attract theoretical chemists.
The above representation of the Borromean Rings is known to have inspired the scultor John Robinson to make a real scuplture very similar to the one above. This figure is known to have enthused geometer H. S. M. Coxeter as well. Borromean rings and the surrounding inter-linkage have resulted in their extensive use in all kinds of geometrical art and a number of other logos (but none of the logos seem to use this particular representation!).
There is a lot of literature (and mysticism!) surrounding the golden rectangle at its relation to the Fibonnacci sequence. It is also the simplest example of the Chakravala (or continued fraction) solution of the quadratic equation x2 - Dy2 = 1 (with D = 1).
The icosahedron is also closely related to the singularity x3 + y5 = z12 + z22 + .... + zn2. John Milnor showed that the link of this singularity is an "exotic" sphere for n = 2; it is homeomorphic to but not diffeomorphic to a 7-dimensional sphere.


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But then again, considering the way this winter has gone, maybe not.
The Nor'easter that moved through the area overnight Monday into Tuesday did result in bands of heavy snow -- and in some parts of the area, significant accumulation.
As expected, the storm had the biggest impact farthest east. Since this storm pales in comparison to last week's, we have not received nearly as many reports. So if you don't see your town, please add the total by leaving a comment here.
Here are some totals.
Fairfield County
Bethel 9 inches, 10:20 a.m. Tuesday
Easton 9.5 inches, 11:55 a.m. Tuesday
Greenwich 2.5 inches, 10:30 a.m. Tuesday
Monroe 6.5 inches, 12:44 p.m. Tuesday
New Canaan 5.5 inches, 10:30 a.m. Tuesday
New Fairfield 6.5 inches, 10:35 p.m. Tuesday
Newtown 10.8 inches, 10:25 a.m. Tuesday
Ridgefield 8.3 inches, 12:30 p.m. Tuesday
Trumbull, 6 inches, Tuesday
Armonk 4.1 inches, 10:45 a.m. Tuesday
Mahopac, 5 inches, Tuesday
Orange County
Greenville 4.8 inches, 10 a.m. Tuesday
Highland Mills 4.5 inches, 10:20 a.m. Tuesday
Mount Hope 5.0 inches, 12:24 p.m. Tuesday
Bergen County
Palisades Park 0.8 inches, 10 a.m. Tuesday
Please add your town's total by leaving a comment here.
Click here to follow Daily Voice Armonk and receive free news updates.


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The boisterous crowd who came to cheer the Croatian Davis Cuppers at the Spaladium Arena in Split could not boost their home team past the more experienced Serbian posse at this weekend's Davis Cup quarterfinal tie. The decisive 4-1 rout puts the team of Djokovic, Tipsarevic, Troicki, and Zimonjic in the semifinals — a first for their country in Davis Cup history. (Scoreline: Tie details)
Still, props to Marin Cilic for wearing his checkered Fila tee and notching the one "W" for Croatia (the second singles rubber, against Troicki). The lanky 21-year-old was gracious in his post-match presser, picking Nole and his team to the take the Cup this year.
The Serbs — pampered in their digs — showed up in a variety of kits all showcasing their country's colors. Nole picked a solid red polo from Sergio Tacchini while Nenad opted for a more playful version in Lacoste. Troicki sprinkled some blue in his Los tee while Janko and his bangs stayed safe with Fila. On the Croatian side, Ljubicic and Dodig's Li Ning kits were both as uninspired as their play.
(images via Getty Images)


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Estimated read time: 4-5 minutes
This archived news story is available only for your personal, non-commercial use. Information in the story may be outdated or superseded by additional information. Reading or replaying the story in its archived form does not constitute a republication of the story.
TOKYO (AP) — Matt Stutzman has no arms. He was born that way. But he has — pardon the pun — a disarming sense of humor.
The American is known as the "Armless Archer," a silver medalist from the 2012 Paralympics who will be among the favorites for gold at this year's Tokyo Paralympics.
Asked in a visit to Tokyo what sport he would pursue if he weren't an archer, Stutzman replied: "I want to be a champion arm wrestler."
This from a guy who has no arms, but only small stumps protruding from his shoulders.
"I want people to know that I'm just a normal guy, and I like to laugh. And I like to make people laugh," Stutzman said in an interview with The Associated Press.
If normal means commonplace, or ordinary, that's not Stutzman. A better word is "extraordinary."
He uses humor to put people at ease, or poke fun at misconceptions they have about disabilities.
"The other day I was walking up a flight of stairs and I passed a guy and he says: 'Whoa, how are you doing that?' I mean, I have legs. Because I don't have arms people sometimes assume I can't do anything — ever. Including walking, apparently, or thinking."
Stutzman can do everything he says, except — and here comes the humor again — wash dishes, vacuum or change diapers. Actually he can do those chores, too, but jokes about his disability as a way out.
With no arms or hands, he has learned to use his feet. He shaves with his feet, drives a car with his feet, and eats with his feet. In fact, he said he can also use chopsticks with his feet.
"I'm not that efficient," he said, much like any chopstick beginner.
His house where he's raising three sons as a single father has no modifications, which is the way his father and mother — Leon and Jean Stutzman — raised him when they adopted him at 13 months.
He also shoots a bow and arrow with his feet. He sits in a chair, uses a strap around his chest that lets him grab the arrow. To draw back the bow, he pushes his leg away from his chest. Then sets himself and releases.
He has beaten all comers — archers with disabilities and the rest — and holds a record for the longest, most accurate shot by an archer — 310 yards. He has also hit targets at 500 yards, and even 800 yards — though these are not officials records.
Unable to find work and trying to support a family, Stutzman went deer hunting about a decade ago to put food on the table for his family in Fairfield, Iowa, in the southeastern part of the state. It was his early experiment with the bow.
"People at the time would say if I had arms they would hire me," he explained. "I'd say, I can't just grow arms. Just give me a chance to show what I can do."
He took to the bow so well that by 2012 he had won a Paralympic silver medal in London. He came up short in Rio de Janeiro, partly because of a defective piece of equipment. But he's become increasingly famous, picking up sponsors and motivational speaking engagements.
"Archery changed my life," he said. "I went from living off of Social Security, which was $600 a month, to now I don't need Social Security. I can take care of my kids. Now people know who I am. This is bigger than archery now."
Stutzman said he lost about 60 pounds (about 27 kilograms) since Rio and is training harder than ever to get the gold medal.
"I could live without it, but kind of like redemption a little bit," he said.
What really matters now is the way he can reach people, who recognize him because of the Paralympics and intense media coverage.
"My main focus is people who don't have a physical disability, and kids," he said. "People who think they have it rough and you look at them and they are completely fine. That gets under my skin because I have an excuse to sit at home and do nothing. But you are perfectly fine and you are sitting on the couch complaining. That's dumb."
More AP sports: https://apnews.com/apf-sports and https://twitter.com/AP\_Sports
Copyright © The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Speculation Wednesday
Today is Speculation Wednesday which is just like Speculation Thursday but on a Wednesday. I know, I'm brilliant. We're gonna speculate about a few things today. And all of these things will lead to one big speculation. It's gonna rule:
Dear Michael Oregano,
I did some research about you. I found a fan site so I could be better informed. First off, you were in Almost Famous and on Will & Grace? Dude! I just thought you were a guy that dated Kristen- maybe her next door neighbor or something! Turns out you really are an actor- I thought you just said that so you could feel cooler next to Robert Pattinson.
Anyway, your fan site isn't updated as much as some other sites out there (say, any one of the gazillion Rob sites!), but I found no evidence to suggest you are currently off filming a moving picture anywhere. I also checked out IMDB and it looks like from the 4 things you've done with your life since 2007, 2 are completed and 2 are in post-production. This evidence brings me to conclude that you are at home, in LA. So…
- Why weren't you at the MTV awards? Did you hear your girlfriend was up for a few things? In fact… she won.
- Why didn't you join Rob, Kristen & 3 others for dinner after the MTV awards if you were told to stay away by Summit and/or Kristen's management?
- Why did Kristen supposedly stay at a hotel the night of the MTV awards when she could've stayed at your place, instead of a hotel or driving home to the valley?
In fact…. where are you? Why has there been no sign of you since those pictures surfaced of you and Kristen happily skipping down the street, holding hands in Vancity?
I'm gonna speculate that the rumors are true and you and Kristen are no longer together.
Dear Nikki Reed,
I'm concerned. Where were you Sunday night? How in the world was Mike Newton at the MTV awards to accept the award for best picture and Rosalie Hale wasn't? Were you off pretending to be in college somewhere? I, too, preformed some research on you and found no evidence to suggest that you are off filming anywhere. Being the Los Angeles resident you are, you should have been there.
All this confusion over Sunday night is forcing me to admit something I haven't wanted to… Because by admitting this, I might as well shoot Moon & myself in the feet. It discredits us. It truly does. You see, for so long we have shared with the world, no PROVED to the world that you and Kristen are fake lesbians. But I am now being forced to speculate that you and Kristen are not only no longer fake lesbians, but you're no longer even friends. Moon & I might as well pack up our computers and call it quits right now.
The sudden appearance of your new bff from that band Sage and the Dills arosed my suspicions long ago. But the lack of hand-holding, "we're just friends," googly-eyed (possible nipple tweeking) photos emerging of you and Kristen has forced me to speculate that your friendship with Kristen has ended.
All this speculation must be leading to something, right? Of course. Find out after the jump!
Dear Rob & Kristen,
Okay. Fine. You win. I already said that Oregano is out of the picture. I broke the news about the broken fake-lesbian relationship between you & Nikki, Kristen. What more do you want? Do I actually have to say it? Outloud!? Fine.
I speculate, sadly, not-wilingly and broken-heartedly, that Rob & Kristen are together
And I'm not just talking like I did before when I was 93.7% sure you were banging. This time I'm 97.586% sure you're in a full-blown relationship. Flowers and all Don't brush your teeth before morning sex and all (let's be honest- Rob isn't a flowers kinda guy)
Those rumors about you at the same hotel really shook me this time. First of all, I saw the paps pictures the next morning. I spied a peek-a-boo Kristen through the car window. You were really there. Secondly, this wasn't your $79/night Holiday Inn Express off the freeway. This was The Charlie Hotel which features 14 bungalows. BUNGALOWS. Not Rooms. Cute, little houses for making love. I bet you put that popcorn trophy from MTV to good use, didn't you?
So this is it. This is me admitting that the Robsten-ers might actually be right. There is still 2.314% of me that thinks maybe you just rented a private bungalow because you've taken up Hinduism and you are wanting to feel closer to your faith by staying in a "bengal style home" (thanks to the Bungalow page on Wikipedia), or maybe you were both wanting to get in better shape for Eclipse so you rented out a place with enough space & your committment to your bodies is so great that you worked out all night. Perhaps you even invited Michael and Nikki over to "talk" and work out all the problems between the four of you. 2.314% of me believes one of these reasons. But the rest of me? The rest is sadly, irrevocably, unconditionally admitting you're together. It's over. Well, it's over until you go Ryan Gosling-Rachel McAdams on us. Then I'll find happiness again.
PS: Mike & Nik: now that you're both "free," ever think of becoming Nik-Regano?
PPS: It's so fun to use "irrevocably" and "unconditionally" in places it doesn't make sense. I can see why Stephanie Meyer did it so often!
Tags: , broken friendship, Bungalow, fake lesbians, gossip, Kristen Stewart, Michael Arangano, Michael Arangano and Kristen Stewart, Michael Arangano and Kristen Stewart broke up, michael oregano, Nikki Reed, Nikki reed and kristen stewart, Oregano, Robert Pattinson, Robert Pattinson and Kristen Stewart, Robert Pattinson and Kristen Stewart rent a bungalow, Robsten, Rumors, Speculation, Speculation Wednesday, The Charlie Hotel


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Gold medals for individual athletes go to Master Mark Richardson (AUS), Grand Master Juan Ashton (PUR), Kahuna Tom Curren (USA), Grand Kahuna Craig Schieber (CRI) and Women Master Layne Beachley (AUS)
Check the video highlights, pictures and news at www.elsalvadorisawmsc.com
El Salvador ISA World Masters Surfing Championship
October 23, 2011
La Libertad, El Salvador
The USA won the Eduardo Arena ISA World Team Trophy. The final day had contestable 3-to-4 feet waves under amazingly clear skies at a beach packed with local and international fans.
Team USA's debut in the ISA World Masters Surfing Championship proved to be more than successful. They are taking home the Team Trophy, the Kahunas Gold and Silver Medals won by Tom Curren and Jim Hogan. Also Grand Kahunas and Women Masters Copper Medals were won by Allen Sarlo and Alissa Cairns respectively.
The team also had Masters Sean Mattison and Jason Senn, and Grand Masters Dean Randazzo and David Giddings placing in top 16 positions.
"Of course, the great performances in the Kahunas with Tom Curren and Jimmy Hogan were key," said Team USA Head Coach, Ian Cairns. "But it was also a good, consistent performance by the whole team, as most of our guys made the finals. In this event you have to make the finals; you must have all of your team do well. We had a great time in El Salvador and to come out as champions, it's just really amazing for us."
Final Results – Team Medalists
Gold: USA
Silver: Brazil
Bronze: South Africa
Copper: Puerto Rico
Beachley Wins Her Eighth World Title
Seven-Time ASP World Champion, Layne Beachley, added an eighth World Title to her trophy cabinet. An ISA Masters World Title that came three years after she retired from professional surfing shows that her surfing skills remain intact.
In the final, Beachley was solid, posting 13.10 (6.50+6.60) to beat Heather Clark (RSA, second), Andrea Lopes (BRA, third) and Alissa Cairns (USA, fourth).
"It feels really satisfying to come home with the Gold. I have eight world titles now!" said Beachley. "To have the whole team at the rocks supporting me was a really great experience. We are doing the country proud and I was really honored to surf for Australia. This was a wonderful experience and I hope to come back next year."
Final results – Women Masters
Gold: Layne Beachley (AUS)
Silver: Heather Clark (RSA)
Bronze: Andrea Lopes (BRA)
Copper: Alissa Cairns (USA)
Schieber Gives Costa Rica its First-Ever ISA Gold Medal
Stylish Craig "Tequila" Schieber was the surprise of the day, winning the first ISA Gold in the history of Costa Rican surfing. Coming from the Repechage rounds, Schieber was quick and effective in the 25-minute final match-up. A combined total of 9.86 (6.33+3.53) was enough to win the World Title.
"I have no words to describe how this feels. I'm so happy! Thank you to the ISA for making this event. I still can't believe it. I guess now I'm Tequila Gold," laughed Schieber. "I hope this becomes an inspiration for all the young great surfers we have in Costa Rica. I would like to see them winning gold medals and maybe even some day a team gold medal."
Final results – Grand Kahunas
Gold: Craig Schieber (CRI)
Silver: Chris Knutsen (RSA)
Bronze: Nick Pearson (AUS)
Copper: Allen Sarlo (USA)
Curren Writes Another Entry into the History Book of Surfing
The three-time ASP World Champion, 1980 ISA Junior Gold Medalist and 1982 ISA Open Gold Medalist entered into surfing's history books once again by becoming the first surfer ever to have won the Gold in the main three ISA signature events (Juniors, Open and Masters).
After a slow start, Curren found a nice right that that he ripped with strong and stylish turns, earning him an 8.17. He backed that up with a 4.60 that was worthy of a Gold Medal.
"This is a great feeling and I'm really stoked about the team we have," said Curren after the final. "It's really fun to be part of the team, and having Ian as a coach has been great this week. Being a World Champion in three ISA divisions is a great addition to my resume."
Final Results – Kahunas
Gold: Tom Curren (USA)
Silver: Jim Hogan (USA)
Bronze: David Malherbe (RSA)
Copper: David Husadel (BRA)
Ashton Wins His Fourth Gold
Today, Puerto Rican Juan Ashton became the "poster boy" for the ISA World Masters Surfing Championships. His victory in the Grand Masters division gave him four gold medals in the four ISA Masters events held in the last 5 years.
With seven minutes remaining until the end of the final, Ashton was third and needed a 7-point ride. A set wave came on his final wave and after combining six solid turns, he received a 7.77 from the judges, jumping straight to the first place and to the top of the podium.
An overjoyed and pumped up Ashton screamed the number "four," while smiling and hugging his peers all the way from the point at Punta Roca to the podium. He said afterwards, "I can't put this into words. I guess I just didn't give up, and I was like, 'I can do it; I just need one more wave.'" With seven minutes left, I got that wave and I surfed it almost with my eyes closed; I was so pumped to make it all the way trough. I'm just super happy."
Final results – Grand Masters
Gold: Juan Ahston (PUR)
Silver: Jojo de Olivença (BRA)
Bronze: Fabio Gouveia (BRA)
Copper: Andre Malherbe (RSA)
Mark Richardson Wins the Masters Division
Australian Mark Richardson came all the way from the first round of the Repechage, surfing in seven heats before making it to the final and ending up being crowned the ISA Masters World Champion.
A former ISA Medalist and Australian Professional Champion, Richardson knew how to take advantage of his amazing backhand approach. He started strong by posting an 8.17 and ended the same way with a 7.17, making a total of 15.34, the highest combined score of the day.
Afterwards, an emotional Richardson, hugging his young son, said, "I'm just so stoked, I came third in the World Surfing Games in 2004, when I was winning and with one minute to go, a wave was taken away from me and I was left in third. So this is the one that I really wanted to win. I'm so happy it happened!"
Final Results – Masters
Gold: Mark Richardson (AUS)
Silver: Carlos Cabrero (PUR)
Bronze: Gary Van Wieringen (RSA)
Copper: Ross Williams (HAW)
Closing Ceremony
A colorful Closing Ceremony took place at the podium stage immediately after the last final ended. The dignitaries present were El Salvador Minister of Tourism, Jose Napoleón Duarte; La Libertad Mayor, Carlos Molina; El Salvador Surfing Association President, Saburo Okuzawa; ISA Contest Director Marcos Bukao, and ISA Director General Bob Mignogna.
ISA President Fernando Aguerre did not attend, as he's in California recovering from a surfing injury. From home in a recorded message, he stated, "I would like to extend my warmest congratulations to all the organizers, to the people and government of El Salvador and certainly to all the delegations and the athletes for this incredible competition. Some of you are going home with medals, but all of you are champions. Thank you for making it to El Salvador and I hope to see you next year at the ISA World Masters Surfing Championship."
Tourism Minister, José Napoleón Duarte, gave thanks to the ISA and all the delegations for coming to his country. He also commented, "This event shows that this is the right moment for developing the sport and therefore tourism in El Salvador."
After all the winning medals were awarded, ISA Director General Bob Mignogna, in the name of ISA President, Fernando Aguerre, declared officially closed the El Salvador ISA World Masters Surfing Championship.
With another edition of the annual ISA World Masters Surfing Championship successfully complete, the ISA looks forward to announcing the location of the premiere world team masters surfing event for 2012.
Country Final Standings
1 United States 9396
2 Brazil 9086
3 South Africa 8886
4 Puerto Rico 8618
5 Australia 8480
6 Hawaii 7664
7 Costa Rica 6090
8 Argentina 6016
9 France 5821
10 Peru 5548
11 Venezuela 5363
12 Trinidad & Tobago 5335
13 El Salvador 5230
14 Ecuador 5030
15 Uruguay 3640
16 Mexico 2240
17 Sweden 1905
18 Germany 1680
19 Switzerland 680
20 Panama 500
21 New Zealand 450
The ISA World Masters Surfing Championship is sponsored by El Salvador Impresionante, Alcaldía del Puerto de La Libertad, Surfos, Alcatel, TACA), El Gráfico, Olas Permanentes Magazine, TIGO, Decameron, Cushe, Maya Realty, Yamaha, Alamo, La Femenina, CONJUVE, Amate Travel, Línea Ejecutiva, Surfline, Hospital de la Mujer, Arreconsa, Torogoz, Pepsi, Adrenaline, Gray Line El Salvador, CASATUR and POLITUR
The International Surfing Association (ISA) is recognized by the International Olympic Committee as the World Governing Authority for Surfing. It was originally founded as the International Surfing Federation in 1964 and has been running Open Division World Championships since 1964, Junior World Championships since 1980, and Masters World Championships since 2007. The ISA also sanctions the World Kneeboard Titles and the Tandem Surfing World Title, and will hold the first World Bodyboard Championship in 2011, and the first World Standup Paddle (SUP) and Paddleboard Championship in 2012.
ISA membership includes the surfing National Governing Bodies of 69 countries on five continents. Its headquarters are located in San Diego, California. It is presided over by Fernando Aguerre (Argentina), first elected President in 1994 in Rio de Janeiro and re-elected seven times since. The ISA´s three Vice-Presidents are Alan Atkins (AUS), Karín Sierralta (PER) and Debbie Beacham (USA).


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For three years in a row I taught classes in Ukraine. The students were so diligent and were like sponges for the information I had to give them. The best part was that I was teaching them design ideas and not a specific project.
Recently I celebrated my birthday and two of my Ukranian students, Lena Koroleva and Miri Tsoi gathered together several of their quilts and took these wonderful photographs and sent then to me along with birthday wishes. I remember with joy each of the classes I taught in Ukraine and it makes me so proud to see that they have taken the design ideas and turned them into their own quilts.
It is also wonderful to see that they are passing those skills on. A few days earlier, Lena also sent me photographs of students in classes they are teaching. This was the message she attached with the photos:
"Ukraine is experiencing hard times, but people rallied around our common disaster, all helping each other, to help the army and refugees from areas captured. In occupied by terrorists city of Donetsk live almost all my relatives (Donetsk is a city in which I was born and lived for more than 30 years). I am very worried about them.
Yesterday I and Miri Tsoi organized for refugee children from the Donetsk region free master classes on patchwork."
With all the strife going on in that country right now it is great to see that Patchwork is still going on and brings some measure of joy to the people.