text:
- What is ricin?
Ricin is a poison that can be made from the waste left over from processing castor beans. It can be in the form of a powder, a mist, or a pellet, or it can be dissolved in water or weak acid. It is a stable substance, meaning it is not affected much by extreme conditions such as very hot or very cold temperatures.
- Is ricin fatal?
Yes, several deaths have resulted after a victim was injected with ricin. People also have been poisoned with ricin after eating castor beans. However, most cases of eating castor beans do not result in poisoning, because it is difficult to release the ricin from castor beans. Also, ricin is not as well absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract when compared to injection or inhalation.
- How do I protect myself and others from exposure to ricin?
Because no antidote exists, the most important factor is avoiding ricin exposure in the first place. If exposure cannot be avoided, the most important factor is then getting the ricin off or out of the body as quickly as possible.
- How is exposure to ricin treated?
No antidote exists for ricin. Ricin poisoning is treated by giving the victim supportive medical care to minimize the effects of the poisoning. The types of supportive medical care would depend on several factors, such as the route by which the victim was poisoned (that is, by inhalation, ingestion, or injection). Care could include such measures as helping the victim breathe and giving him or her intravenous fluids and medications to treat swelling
- What are the signs and symptoms of exposure to ricin?
Within a few hours of inhaling significant amounts of ricin, the likely symptoms would be coughing, tightness in the chest, difficulty breathing, nausea, and aching muscles. Within the next few hours, the body's airways (such as lungs) would become severely inflamed (swollen and hot), excess fluid would build up in the lungs, breathing would become even more difficult, and the skin might turn blue. Excess fluid in the lungs would be diagnosed by x-ray or by listening to the chest with a stethoscope.
If someone swallows a significant amount of ricin, he or she would have internal bleeding of the stomach and intestines that would lead to vomiting and bloody diarrhea. Eventually, the person's liver, spleen, and kidneys might stop working, and the person could die.
Injection of a lethal amount of ricin at first would cause the muscles and lymph nodes near the injection site to die. Eventually, the liver, kidneys, and spleen would stop working, and the person would have massive bleeding from the stomach and intestines. The person would die from multiple organ failure. Death from ricin poisoning could take place within 36 to 48 hours of exposure, whether by injection, ingestion, or inhalation. If the person lives longer than 5 days without complications, he or she will probably not die.
- What are the long term effect of exposure to ricin?
No long-term direct effects are known to exist from ricin exposure that did not result in symptoms. Following severe ricin poisoning, the damage done to vital organs may be permanent or have lasting effects.
- What do I do if I suspect I was exposed to ricin?
Unintentional ricin poisoning is highly unlikely. CDC has no reports of intentional ricin poisoning. If people think they might have been exposed to ricin, however, they should contact the regional poison control center at 800-222-1222
- What do I do if I suspect I was exposed to ricin?
Unintentional ricin poisoning is highly unlikely. CDC has no reports of intentional ricin poisoning. If people think they might have been exposed to ricin, however, they should contact the regional poison control center at 800-222-1222.
- Is ricin contagious?
Ricin poisoning is not contagious. It cannot be spread from person to person through casual contact.
- Is there a vaccine or antidote for exposure to ricin?
No antidote exists for ricin.
- How does exposure to ricin occur?
It would take a deliberate act to make ricin and use it to poison people. Accidental exposure to ricin is highly unlikely. Pellets of ricin, or ricin dissolved in a liquid, can be injected into people's bodies.
People can breathe in ricin mist or powder and be poisoned. Ricin can also get into water or food and then be swallowed. Depending on the route of exposure (such as injection), as little as 500 micrograms of ricin could be enough to kill an adult. A 500-microgram dose of ricin would be about the size of the head of a pin. A much greater amount would be needed to kill people if the ricin were inhaled (breathed in) or swallowed.
- How is ricin used?
Ricin has some potential medical uses, such as bone marrow transplants and cancer treatment (to kill cancer cells).
- How is ricin used?
Ricin has some potential medical uses, such as bone marrow transplants and cancer treatment (to kill cancer cells).
- How is ricin used?
Ricin has some potential medical uses, such as bone marrow transplants and cancer treatment (to kill cancer cells).
- What is the likelihood that ricin could be used?
Ricin has been used in the past and may also be used again.
- What other risks are there for exposure to ricin?
Although it is unknown whether certain populations such as children, pregnant women, the elderly, people who are immunocompromised, or people with respiratory or gastrointestinal (GI) tract illnesses are at higher risk, the possibility of higher risk does exist. People who have existing illnesses of the respiratory or GI tract may have pre-existing tissue irritation or damage as a result of their illness. If this damaged or irritated tissue is exposed to ricin, the result may be further injury and greater absorption of the ricin toxin.
- Are there any historical uses or accidents involving ricin?
In 1978, Georgi Markov, a Bulgarian writer and journalist who was living in London, died after he was attacked by a man with an umbrella. The umbrella had been rigged to inject a poison ricin pellet under Markov's skin.
Some reports have indicated that ricin may have been used in the Iran-Iraq war during the 1980s and that quantities of ricin were found in Al-Qaeda caves in Afghanistan.
In February 2004, ricin was found in the Dirksen Senate office building.
- How can people get more information about ricin?
People can get more information by contacting the agencies listed on this page: Biological / Chemical Agent Information
@(Model.BulletStyle == CivicPlus.Entities.Modules.Layout.Enums.BulletStyle.Decimal ? "ol" : "ul")>


text:
Ladies and gentlemen, today we're going to talk about asparagus. Now most of us associate asparagus as sort of a Western style vegetable, something you find in a fancy restaurant sitting pretty next to your steak (such as this side dish at Mandarin Grill), or being wrapped in bacon and BBQ-ed (ala BBQ Addict's menu).
You will be right, but I've always known asparagus from Sambal Belacan Asparagus, one of my favorite dishes from childhood, a Hokkien/Penang Nyonya specialty of sort.
ingredients for sambal asparagus – sambal, garlic, ginger, dried shrimp
This dish is also surprisingly simple to make, but it is mighty handy if you've already have some ready made sambal belacan. For instruction on how to make a jar of wholesome sambal belacan, click here – sambal belacan fried rice.
Anyway, here's the ingredients:
- a bunch of asparagus, cut into 2-3 inches, only retain the top 2 sections, throw away the bottom wooden parts
- 2 table spoon sambal belacan
- 15 shalots
- 10 cloves of garlic
- 10 dried shrimps
- 4 fresh prawns, peeled
the secret is the steaming
Cooking this dish is fast and simple too!
- use pastel and mortar to pound shallots, garlic, and dried shrimp
- marinate peeled prawns with salt for a couple minutes
- heat up a couple table spoon of cooking oil in medium heat
- throw in prawns first, then everything else
- fry for 5 minutes, then add a quarter cup of water, and close the lid to steam the vegetable for 2-3 minutes
- remove lid and fry again till water evaporates
- food is ready to serve!
a few prawns go a long way
The secret to cooking asparagus is really the steaming part, since the vegetable can be a little tough if not properly cooked, but frying it too long will get the outer layer burnt. So there you go, another recipe from yours truly who reignite the cooking passion ever since our kitchen is renovated. 😀
I've recently gotten Astro B.yond PVR installed at home too, and check out what sort of programmes we have recorded.
Yes, mostly cooking shows. It's brilliant, I can't tell you how many times I missed out crucial part of cooking show just because they go over it a tad too fast. With the PVR's record function this problem is a thing of a past. Of course PAUSE and REWIND function comes in mighty handy too.
I'll be reviewing the PVR's function soon too. In the mean time, happy cooking!

subset: commoncrawl


text: OK, I've tried everything I can find on the site but I cannot seem to accomplish the following: 1. Change my logon name from my CCA membership number (272151) to my usual logon name (fwardell). Edit Profile offers no help. 2. Get the BMW CCA emblem to appear (as an avatar, I guess). I'm a member in good standing - since 2001. Edit Profile offers no help. I tried the CCA website about verifying my membership (http://stage.bmwcca.org/index.php?...fy_mem&stype=4), which made the verificaiton, but still no emblem. 3. Get my signature photo to actuall show up in my posts. My Profile shows I do have a Signature Picture but it never shows up in posts. A little help would be appreciated. 272151


text:
Previous Lesson
Complete and Continue
This Awakening Spirit
Inspirational Talks by Camille
"Creative Fulfillment: If it's already done, what's mine to do?"
Set Your Real Self Free
The Prosperous Life
Fine Tune Your Decision Making!
The Road to Happiness
The Art of Letting Go
I Fought the Law and the Law Won
Just Passing Through
Grief Loss and the Eternal Life
Loose Change
Spiritual Maturity
Peace is You
Match Point
A Common Unity
The Christ
The Kingdom of Heaven is at Hand
Inspirational Interviews from The Camille Conte Show
Craig Hamilton - Founder of Integral Enlightenment
Ana Hulub - Forgiveness Facilitator
Lee Klinger Lesser - Sensory Awareness Facilitator
Chuck Hunner - Labyrinth Maker
Tosha Silver - Author, "Outrageous Openness"
Rev. Rainbow Johnson - Sacred Elder
Suraj Holzwarth - The Grandmother Drum
The Road to Happiness
Lesson content locked
If you're already enrolled,
you'll need to login
Enroll in Course to Unlock


text:
dnl aclocal.m4 generated automatically by aclocal 1.4 dnl Copyright (C) 1994, 1995-8, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved. dnl This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, dnl but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without dnl even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A dnl PARTICULAR PURPOSE. # Do all the work for Automake. This macro actually does too much -- # some checks are only needed if your package does certain things. # But this isn't really a big deal. # serial 1 dnl Usage: dnl AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(package,version, [no-define]) AC_DEFUN(AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE, [AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_INSTALL]) PACKAGE=[$1] AC_SUBST(PACKAGE) VERSION=[$2] AC_SUBST(VERSION) dnl test to see if srcdir already configured if test "`cd $srcdir && pwd`" != "`pwd`" && test -f $srcdir/config.status; then AC_MSG_ERROR([source directory already configured; run "make distclean" there first]) fi ifelse([$3],, AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(PACKAGE, "$PACKAGE", [Name of package]) AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(VERSION, "$VERSION", [Version number of package])) AC_REQUIRE([AM_SANITY_CHECK]) AC_REQUIRE([AC_ARG_PROGRAM]) dnl FIXME This is truly gross. missing_dir=`cd $ac_aux_dir && pwd` AM_MISSING_PROG(ACLOCAL, aclocal, $missing_dir) AM_MISSING_PROG(AUTOCONF, autoconf, $missing_dir) AM_MISSING_PROG(AUTOMAKE, automake, $missing_dir) AM_MISSING_PROG(AUTOHEADER, autoheader, $missing_dir) AM_MISSING_PROG(MAKEINFO, makeinfo, $missing_dir) AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_MAKE_SET])]) # # Check to make sure that the build environment is sane. # AC_DEFUN(AM_SANITY_CHECK, [AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether build environment is sane]) # Just in case sleep 1 echo timestamp > conftestfile # Do `set' in a subshell so we don't clobber the current shell's # arguments. Must try -L first in case configure is actually a # symlink; some systems play weird games with the mod time of symlinks # (eg FreeBSD returns the mod time of the symlink's containing # directory). if ( set X `ls -Lt $srcdir/configure conftestfile 2> /dev/null` if test "[$]*" = "X"; then # -L didn't work. set X `ls -t $srcdir/configure conftestfile` fi if test "[$]*" != "X $srcdir/configure conftestfile" \ && test "[$]*" != "X conftestfile $srcdir/configure"; then # If neither matched, then we have a broken ls. This can happen # if, for instance, CONFIG_SHELL is bash and it inherits a # broken ls alias from the environment. This has actually # happened. Such a system could not be considered "sane". AC_MSG_ERROR([ls -t appears to fail. Make sure there is not a broken alias in your environment]) fi test "[$]2" = conftestfile ) then # Ok. : else AC_MSG_ERROR([newly created file is older than distributed files! Check your system clock]) fi rm -f conftest* AC_MSG_RESULT(yes)]) dnl AM_MISSING_PROG(NAME, PROGRAM, DIRECTORY) dnl The program must properly implement --version. AC_DEFUN(AM_MISSING_PROG, [AC_MSG_CHECKING(for working $2) # Run test in a subshell; some versions of sh will print an error if # an executable is not found, even if stderr is redirected. # Redirect stdin to placate older versions of autoconf. Sigh. if ($2 --version) < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1; then $1=$2 AC_MSG_RESULT(found) else $1="$3/missing $2" AC_MSG_RESULT(missing) fi AC_SUBST($1)]) # Like AC_CONFIG_HEADER, but automatically create stamp file. AC_DEFUN(AM_CONFIG_HEADER, [AC_PREREQ([2.12]) AC_CONFIG_HEADER([$1]) dnl When config.status generates a header, we must update the stamp-h file. dnl This file resides in the same directory as the config header dnl that is generated. We must strip everything past the first ":", dnl and everything past the last "/". AC_OUTPUT_COMMANDS(changequote(<<,>>)dnl ifelse(patsubst(<<$1>>, <<[^ ]>>, <<>>), <<>>, <<test -z "<<$>>CONFIG_HEADERS" || echo timestamp > patsubst(<<$1>>, <<^\([^:]*/\)?.*>>, <<\1>>)stamp-h<<>>dnl>>, <<am_indx=1 for am_file in <<$1>>; do case " <<$>>CONFIG_HEADERS " in *" <<$>>am_file "*<<)>> echo timestamp > `echo <<$>>am_file | sed -e 's%:.*%%' -e 's%[^/]*$%%'`stamp-h$am_indx ;; esac am_indx=`expr "<<$>>am_indx" + 1` done<<>>dnl>>) changequote([,]))])
Initial import of p4filter code.
This contains a solaris2.6 binary but
no others.


text:
|We moved!!!
What I enjoyed at the old Mess was the interaction the posts generated, the comments from readers, and even the snarky banter. The new blog on Wix didn't allow comments at first, and when they finally added a comment app, it didn't really work well and sometimes was lost at the bottom of the page. Useless. It also didn't have a subscribe option, so that people would get my smartass life commentary straight to their emails, which made traffic a ghost town at times. So, without those options, the posts dwindled and almost stopped altogether.
That is, until now. Wix finally stepped up their game and fixed it so we had both of those options. While it's still not exactly the way I would prefer it, it's much better than before and a step in the right direction. So, the two weeks before 2018, I uploaded the old blog to the new site and got it ready for your reading pleasure once again. You can stop by subscribe, share, and even comment. All the things I enjoyed at the old Mess will now be available at the new and we're ready to start the new year off right.
This is not the same as being subscribed to my newsletter. The two will have totally different content. One is for announcements and updates, while the other, The Mess That Is Me, is back to what it used to be, weekly posts of sharing aspects of my life as well as my cracked mind. And I'm hoping you join me. All you need to do is click this link - http://www.robbiecox.net/blog-c12fo - and subscribe, then interact. After all, that's what it's all about. If you're a part of the old Mess, you'll still have to subscribe, because they wouldn't allow me to transfer you over. I hope you continue to follow me as we look toward the future and the journey moves onward. I'm not sure what's coming, but I know it's going to be great. See you at The Mess!


text:
Nani said to be thrilled with the success of Ninnu Kori ... Read More ..
Tamil hero Dhanush is popular among Telugu audience .... Read More ..
Mega hero Varun Tej's debut film 'Mukunda' didn't give the expected result. .. Read More ..
Juliana's drama in the recent episode of the Tamil version of Bigg Boss .. Read More ..
Nayanthara is a known figure to nearly half of India .. Read More ..
Starring : Prabhas, Anushka Shetty, Rana Daggubati, Tamannaah Bhatia
Listen to Kaashmora Audio Songs online only at MyMazaa.com
Starring : Dhanush, Trisha Krishnan
Listen to Naruda Donaruda Audio Songs
Nani, Anu Emmanuel | Gopi Sunder | Virinchi Varma
Dinesh, Nandita, Bala Saravanan, Chaya Singh, John Vijay | Justin Prabhakaran
Sivakarthikeyan, Keerthi Suresh, Sathish | Anirudh Ravichander | Vivek, Vignesh Sivan
Starring : Mohanlal, Jr NTR, Samantha Ruth Prabhu, Nithya Menen
Starring : Naga Chaitanya, Manjima Mohan, Baba Sehgal, Rana Daggubati
Starring : Vikram, Nayantara, Nithya Menen, Nassar
Story:-Satya Marthanda(Kalyan Ram) is an easy going youth based…
Prabhu deva is back with a bang in Tamil cinema…
Mirzya (Mirziya) is a romantic thriller movie directed by Rakesh…
Rekka Movie Review:Vijay Sethupathi's latest film 'Rekka' is released worldwide…
Remo is all about how an aspiring actor who disguises…
Sunil Filmography
Indian celebrity Filmography | Celebrity Profile
Indian celebrity Filmography | Celebrity Profile
Indian celebrity Filmography | Celebrity Profile
Indian celebrity Filmography | Celebrity Profile
Nani, Anu Emmanuel | Gopi Sunder | Virinchi Varma
Chiranjeevi, Kajal Aggarwal | Devi Sri Prasad | V V Vinayak
Banana Bread Recipe
Chocolate Cake I Recipe
Sour Cream Cut-Outs Recipe
Chocolate Cake I Special
learn To Cook Onion Pakodas
Vegetable Rice Recipe
Sweet Potato Casserole II Recipe
Learn how to make Mexican Pasta
Sweet Potato Fries Recipe
Learn how to make Cedar Planked Salmon
The Best Meatloaf Recipes
Grilled Lamb with Brown Sugar Glaze Specail
Pork Tenderloin with Dijon Marsala Sauce Recipe
Cedar Planked Salmon
Funny Animal Jokes
Children Funny Jokes
Funny Doctor Jokes
Vijay Sethupathi, Tamannaah Bhatia, Aishwarya Rajesh, Srushti Dange | Yuvan Shankar Raja
Live it, Love it, Share it
Shruti Hassan Unseen Hot Pic
Jr NTR Son Abhay at Janatha Garage Sets Album
Starring : Vishal, Sri Divya
Starring Vijay Sethupathi, Tamannaah, Aishwarya Rajesh, Srushti Dange
Pandiyarajan Son Prithivi Marriage Reception Album
Everyone goes through high and low phases at work .. Read More ..
Baldness is defined as the partial or complete loss of hair or lack of growth of hair. About 70% .. Read More ..
Unhealthy lifestyle. It's a common contributor of our biggest health .. Read More ..
Though you might blame intense period cravings on your hormones .. Read More ..
Healthy foodies may agree on many nutrition topics .. Read More ..
Cyclone is currently located 520 kms south-southeast of Nellore, 490 kms east-southeast of Machilipatnam and 480 kms east-northeast of Chennai. andhra pradesh More …
Though India ranked second after China in California and New York, It holds the top spot in Texas. 47 percent of the total foreign students in US are from Asia. More …
Love Hyderabad, city's latest selfie spot at the Tank Bund continues to be defaced with foot-marks, spit stains and scribbles on the typographic structure. More …
Sehwag told IANS here: "In context of Indian Premier League, there is nothing that Bollywood is doing except buying teams because they have a lot of money. More …
Tendulkar was nominated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to spread awareness about cleanliness when the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan was launched. sachin tendulkar More …
Starring : Unnikrishnan
Starring : Kadri Gopalnath
Music : Harris Jayaraj
Starring : Kadri Gopalnath | Music : Kadri Gopalnath
Starring : Manu Katche, Hossam Ramzy, AR Rahman
Daily, Weekly, Monthly Horoscope


text:
Privacy Policy
General Overview
The purpose of this Privacy Policy is to disclose to you what information we may collect, how we may collect it, with whom we may share it, and certain other matters related to such information, including the choices you have regarding our collection of information and our use and disclosure to other parties of information we may have collected from you.
Bay To Breakers is committed to protecting your privacy. We use the information we collect about you to process and complete the commercial transactions you request, and to provide you with a more personalized experience on our site. We have created this privacy policy statement in order to demonstrate our firm commitment to protecting the privacy of all of our customers and visitors. The following Privacy Policy discloses the information-gathering and dissemination practices and policies of Bay To Breakers.
Except as otherwise discussed in this Privacy Policy, this document only addresses the use and disclosure of information we collect from you online. For some services, we either collect and transfer personal information to a service provider, or you may visit other merchants through links on our site who may collect and use your personal information. We encourage you to ask questions and to be very cautious before you disclose your personal information to others.
Please read the following to learn more about our data collection policies and practices.
1. Types of Information that may be collected.
2. How is information collected?
3. How we use the information we collect.
4. With whom the information may be disclosed.
5. What choices do I have about collecting, using, and sharing my information?
6. What security precautions are in place to protect against the loss, misuse, or alteration of your information?
7. Chat Rooms, Forums, and Message Boards.
8. Links to other Websites.
9. A special note for parents concerning privacy.
10. Limitation of Liability.
11. Notification of changes and acceptance of the Privacy Policy.
12. Correcting and updating personal information.
13. Whom do I contact with questions or concerns about this privacy policy.
Types of information that may be collected.
The personally identifiable information we collect is used to facilitate delivery of tickets and/or other products and/or services to our customers. In the process of providing these products and/or services, we require our customers to provide certain personally identifiable information. Specific details may include, but are not limited to the following and may be subject to change:
In the case of contests, promotions, and/or newsletter registrations or other features that may or may not involve a purchase: We may require all users and/or customers wishing to participate in any of our contests, drawings, sweepstakes, promotions, newsletters, Fantasy Games, Webcasts or other interactive features which may or may not require a purchase to complete an entry form which will require the submission of certain personally-identifiable information.
The personally-identifiable information that may be collected in an entry form includes, but may not be limited to: customer's first name, last name, zip code, phone number, age and email address. Winners of contests, drawings, sweepstakes, and/or promotions will be required to provide additional personally identifiable information such as a shipping address and telephone number. If the privacy policy varies for a particular sweepstakes or promotion, that information will be disclosed in the sweepstakes or promotion rules.
In the case of a ticket or other product and/or service which involves a purchase on our Site: In order to complete the purchase of a product and/or service, an online credit card transaction is required. During this process we generate and collect certain personally identifiable information.
The personally identifiable information that may be collected from our customers in completion of a product and/or service purchase, includes, but may not be limited to: customer's first and last name, first and last name of the credit card owner, credit card billing address, credit card number, credit card security code, credit card expiration date, customer's shipping address, phone number, and email address. You may also have the opportunity to permit us to maintain this information in a personal profile for you so you do not have to re-enter the information each time you make a purchase.
If a customer sends us personal correspondence, such as emails or letters, we may collect such information into a file specific to such customer.
How is information collected?
We may collect information from you in several different areas on our Site, including but not limited to those described below:
You may be asked first to complete a registration form and provide personally-identifiable information. You may also be asked to choose a user ID and password in order to take advantage of certain features our Site may choose to offer, including, but not limited to, newsletters, contests, forums, fantasy, webcasts or other subscription based services.
Newsletters and Site Emails
We may offer free newsletters to share information with you about our Site, about us and our affiliates and subsidiaries, or about our business partners and advertisers and sponsors. You may receive a newsletter either by registering for a particular newsletter or in conjunction with a special feature or membership for which you have registered on our Site. You may cancel your free email subscription by following the instructions provided on our Site or in the designated area of the newsletters or emails.
Contests or Sweepstakes
We may operate contests and sweepstakes through our Site, which may require registration. Your personally identifiable information may be used to contact you for winner notification, prize delivery confirmation or other related purposes. Your entry in the contest or sweepstakes may also result in your being added to our mailing lists as well as those of our promotional partners associated with the contest or sweepstakes. Acceptance of a prize may require you (unless prohibited by law) to allow us to post publicly some of your information on our Site, such as on a winner's page, in the event you win a contest or sweepstakes. In some instances, a third-party advertiser or sponsor may operate or host a contest or sweepstakes on our Site, and collect your information. In those cases, where we are not the operator or host of the contest or sweepstakes, we have no control over the information collected and accordingly urge you to review the official rules of the contest/sweepstakes as well as the advertiser's or sponsor's privacy policy applicable to the contest or sweepstakes before participating.
Surveys or Voting
From time-to-time we may request personally-identifiable information from you via surveys or voting polls. Participation is voluntary and you will have the opportunity to decide whether or not to disclose information. At times, you may have to register to vote or to take part in a survey.
As with many Websites, our Site uses standard technology called "cookies," which are small data files that are transferred to your computer when you allow your browser to accept cookies. Cookies automatically identify your Web browser to our Site whenever you visit our Site, and make using our Site easier for you by saving your passwords, purchases, and preferences. By tracking how and when you use our Site, cookies help us determine which areas are popular and which are not. Many improvements and updates to the Site are based on data obtained from cookies. Accepting cookies allows you, among other things, to personalize your experience on our Site. Cookies may also allow our Site to present to you advertising which may be of interest to you. If you do not want information collected through the use of cookies, you generally can opt out of providing this information by turning the cookies off in your browser; however, some areas of our Site may not provide you with a personalized experience if you have disabled the use of cookies.
IP Addresses and Click-stream Data
We may collect IP addresses and/or click-stream data for purposes of system administration, to improve our Site and to report aggregate information to our advertisers and sponsors or other internal uses. An IP address is a number that is automatically assigned to your computer whenever you access the Internet. Our computers identify your computer by its IP address. When you request Web pages from our Site, our computers log your IP address.
Click-stream data is information collected by our computers when you request Web pages from our Site. Click-stream data may include such information as the page served, the time, the source of the request, the type of browser making the request, the preceding page view and other such non-personal information. When analyzed, this data helps us analyze how visitors arrive at our Site, what type of content is most popular, what type of visitors in the aggregate are interested in particular kinds of content and advertising, and the like.
Transaction Information
If you place an order or subscribe for any of the services offered on our Site, we will ask you to complete an order form that will request certain information from you, including financial information such as a credit card number and expiration date and general contact, billing and shipping information. We will use this information to complete the transaction that you have requested, e.g., to deliver the information, products or other services that you order, and to invoice you. Such information is collected and stored through encrypted means for your protection.
Fantasy Games
When you register to play Fantasy games, you may be asked to provide personally identifiable information.
How we use the information we collect?
We internally use personally identifiable information about our customers to improve our marketing and promotional efforts, to statistically analyze site usage, to improve our content and product offerings and to customize our Site's content and layout. We believe these uses allow us to improve our Site and provide better service to our customers.
We may use information in the file we maintain about a customer to resolve disputes and troubleshoot problems.
With whom the information may be disclosed
In order to process your requests we may provide your personally-identifiable information to service providers or other companies who work on our behalf in order, for example, to process the transaction and deliver the tickets or other goods or services you have ordered. When we do so, we use reasonable efforts to assure that they comply with our privacy policy and applicable law. Information we collect may be accessed by a variety of parties, depending upon the purpose for which the information was provided, and the context in which the information was provided.
If you purchase a ticket to a specific event on our Site, your first name, last name, physical address, phone number and email address may be provided to the management of the artist(s) for that event.
While we believe any disclosure of your information will result in opportunities that may be of interest to you, you have the right to opt out from receiving any future communications by contacting such third party directly. You may also opt out from receiving future communications from [Bay To Breakers] through one of the following methods: (i) clicking on the appropriate links contained in our email communications; (ii) sending us a written request to the following address: Privacy Policy, C/O AEG Digital, 800 West Olympic Blvd., Suite 200, Los Angeles, CA 90015 or (iii) emailing: [email protected].
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NASHVILLE, Tenn. — Kayla McBride seemingly did whatever she wanted, and enjoyed herself while she did it.
The All-American senior guard shed defenders with behind-the-back dribbles and quick cross-overs before scoring. She set the tone, refusing to let for Notre Dame's pursuit of a perfect season end and her Irish teammates followed her lead into Tuesday night's championship game.
In one of the most impressive games of her career, McBride scored 28 points to lead Notre Dame to an 87-61 win over Maryland Sunday night.
"She was truly special," Notre Dame coach Muffet McGraw said. "She was having fun out there and that was the key. She was hitting shots from all over."
The Irish (37-0) will play UConn, setting up a title matchup of undefeated teams for the first time in NCAA history. It's the third time in four years that Notre Dame has been in the title game. The Irish are looking for their first title since winning it all in 2001.
"It means a lot as a senior," McBride said. "I'm so proud of this team. We went through a lot of adversity, especially after losing 'Ace'. We're going to go in and look at the film and be ready for the game."
Notre Dame played without senior Natalie Achonwa, who suffered a torn ACL in the regional final victory over Baylor. The entire team wore shirts in warmups with Achonwa's No. 11 and the 6-foot-3 forward's nickname "Ace" on the back. She helped her team warm up, passing the ball and offering words of encouragement.
McGraw, who was The Associated Press coach of the year, was concerned coming into the game about her team's ability to rebound against the bigger Terrapins without Achonwa. Her team practiced all week on boxing out and not allowing second shots.
It worked. The Irish dominated the Terrapins (28-7) on the boards, outrebounding them in record fashion. Notre Dame had a 50-21 rebounding advantage, including a 19-4 mark on the offensive end. It was the widest rebounding margin ever in a Final Four game, shattering the previous mark of 19 set by Louisiana Tech in 1989. Maryland broke the national semifinals record for fewest rebounds in a game of 25 set by Minnesota in 2004.
"We thought the game would be won on the boards and I think it was," McGraw said. "To hold them to four offensive rebounds for the game was amazing. We did a great job boxing out and really limited their rebounds. Kayla McBride got us off to a phenomenal start."
Said Maryland star Alyssa Thomas: "They wanted it more. They beat us at our own game."
Notre Dame also befuddled Maryland on defense, forcing the Terps into turnovers and poor shots with ever-changing defenses. Thomas, who finished with 14 points, was constantly double-teamed and rarely got good looks at the basket.
Thomas ended her career as the school's all-time leading scorer and rebounder. She had waited four years to make the Final Four. Coach Brenda Frese took her out with 1:33 left, giving her star a long hug as she headed to the bench.
This was Maryland's first trip to the Final Four since winning the championship in 2006. The Terps were intent on crashing the party and ruining Notre Dame's perfect season.
For the first 12 minutes they were able to keep the game close. They only trailed 23-21 before McBride and Notre Dame took control with a 10-0 run. McBride had the first five points hitting a layup and converting a nifty three-point play.
Taya Reimer, who replaced Achonwa in the starting lineup, scored her first points of the game on a layup to cap the burst and make it 33-21. The teams traded baskets over the next few minutes and the Irish led 37-27 before closing the half by scoring 11 of the final 15 points, including a crisp pass from Reimer to a cutting McBride for a layup — a play often run between Achonwa and McBride.
The first half was similar to the first meeting in the regular season when the Irish jumped all over the Terrapins, taking a 22-point advantage before Maryland rallied.
There was no comeback this time.
"Obviously the better team won," Frese said. "Notre Dame did a terrific job. They took advantage and set the tone from the first possession. We really struggled to have an answer for (Jewell) Loyd and McBride."
Lloyd finished with 16 points and McBride slammed the door. She scored five straight points, including a 3-pointer and a pullup jumper that made it 59-37 with 15:46 left. The Terrapins never challenged the rest of the way.
"I was trying to have fun. The last few games I've been pressing a little bit. I tried to do too much," McBride said. "I let this game come to me. I got us out and gave us that confidence but (my teammates) took care of the rest."
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International pressure is mounting on Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi to leave Libya, but he told an American television network that Libyans love him and he has no plans to step down. Meantime, U.S. officials have come out with their strongest statement yet that Mr. Gadhafi must go, and anti-Gadhafi forces in Zawiya say they are repelling troops loyal to the Libyan leader.
Zawiya is 50 kilometers west of Tripoli. Witnesses tell VOA that troops and tanks loyal to Moammar Gadhafi are lined up along the coastline, blocking the city's access to the sea.
One man who says he is a protest leader told VOA what happened Monday evening as pro-Gadhafi forces tried to enter the town. "Security militia that protects Gadhafi launched an attack from the west side of Zawiya. What happened then, we managed to kill three armed militiamen and destroy their car. The rest of them fled," he said.
Another man said protesters in Zawiya have few weapons and he does not think Libyans alone can topple Mr. Gadhafi. "I think there has to be outside intervention. Forces should close on him, arrest him and rid the Libyans from him. Because as the situation goes on, we will witness daily massacres.," he said.
The Obama adminstration on Monday increased its condemnation of Mr. Gadhafi. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said, "Gadhafi has lost the legitimacy to govern and it is time for him to go without futher violence or delay."
But Moammar Gadhafi told ABC News he plans to stay in Libya because his people love him. "They love me, all my people with me. They love me, all. They will die to protect me, my people. No, no," he said.
This is what Susan Rice, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, has to say about that. "It sounds just frankly delusional. When he can laugh and talk to American and international journalists while he is slaughtering his people, it only underscores how unfit he is to lead, and how disconnected he is from reality," she said.
VOA has received this video posted on YouTube. The time frame is not known, but it appears to show Mr. Gadhafi's son, Saif al-Islam Gadhafi, promisings weapons to supporters.
"They are saying that the police have run away. But today, we will prove the opposite that police are with Libya. Do you need weapons? You will receive all the support, all the facilities and weapons. Everything will be okay and you will be victorious," he said.
But Saif al-Islam Gadhafi denied to ABC News that the government has been ruthless with the Libyan people. "Show me a single attack. Show me a single bomb. Show me the casualties," he said.
VOA spoke to one woman in Libya via Skype. She says the proof is in the local hospitals. "A man who was hit with an RPG [rocket propelled grenade] in his chest. I saw pictures of a man who was hit with a 14 and a half anti-aircraft weaponry. These are weapons that are supposed to be used on aircraft, not human beings," she said.
The woman asked that we not show her face. She says everyone is tense where she lives, even though forces loyal to Mr. Gadhafi have switched sides to help residents. "They are volunteers that are setting up and the police and army have joined forces with the protesters. The police officers are stationed throughout the city," she said.
The woman told VOA she does not know what will happen next in Libya. All she wants is to be free and for her child to be safe to play on a playground.


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Coming soon: Haymeadow Trail
Colorado High School Cycling League Director Kate Rau has never seen anything like it before.
"This is the first time that I know of that a trail is being made specifically for a CHSC race," she said.
And it's not just any race. The approximately 6-mile trail in Eagle will host the state championship race in which an estimated 350 high school riders will compete Oct. 20.
"It's pretty common to see existing trails modified for a race, but not this," Rau said. "It's unique to have a partnership between public and private entities and a race promoter to create a trail that will remain open for the public."
Construction has already started on the loop trail, which sits entirely on the privately owned Haymeadow property adjacent to the Eagle Pool and Ice Rink.
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Eagle Mayor Yuri Kostick said he's been working on this deal for three years. The town negotiated a "revocable license agreement" with Haymeadow owner Ric Newman that allows the town to build the trail and grants public access. If Newman ever revokes the license, the town will be reimbursed for its investment on a sliding scale. Eagle Town Board voted, 6-1, April 9 to allocate $60,000 for the trail's construction.
"The synergy that's happening between the Eagle Outdoor Festival (May 10-11) and this race is really elevating what's happening in the community," Kostick said Monday when he walked the trail's route with Rau and others, following miles of pink survey flags through sage and juniper.
"There isn't an official name for the trail yet," Kostick said. "People are calling it the Haymeadow Trail but there are a few ideas."
Rau was along to provide input for the difficulty level of the course. Other people along on the hike were Eagle Open Space Director John Staight, Eagle Trustee Scott Turnipseed, Eagle resident, former professional mountain bike racer and veteran trail consultant John Bailey, and Scott Schlosser, who is a member of the ECO Trails committee and is also an experienced biker.
"It's kind of like having a ski slope in your backyard," said Schlosser, who was there as an unofficial consultant for Newman.
Staight said the trail will be open to the public for biking and hiking.
Bailey's background
Bailey has been mountain biking since the 1980s and started racing about the same time he started his career at Vail Resorts, where he still works as a general manager. He raced professionally from 1990 to 1992 and all those elements in his life ultimately put him on a path to the Olympics.
"The Vail Valley Foundation wanted to host the world championships for mountain bike racing, but to do that, Vail had to prove itself by hosting a World Cup event," he said.
He was enlisted to help design a course in Vail that was appealing and challenging to riders, and also conducive to spectators – requirements for any good race course. They came up with a clover design in which looped riders through the heart of town several times during one lap.
Vail has hosted two world championships since then, Bailey said.
The success and people he met in Vail took Bailey to the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Ga. It was the first time mountain biking was included in the Games and Bailey helped design and build the race course.
"It took a couple of years to put that course together," he said. "It was a small venue – a horse park – and it didn't have much elevation gain. I learned a lot about how to use terrain. We needed parts to make it difficult, places for riders to eat and rest and make it spectator friendly."
Besides those considerations, a lot of thought also goes into being environmentally conscious.
"We have to consider potential wildlife issues, and things like water retention and runoff," Bailey said.
On Monday there were parts of an existing single-track trail that Bailey said would be moved to cut down on the trail's visibility (a trail on flat ground is less visible than one angling up a hillside) and make it more sustainable (a trail on flat ground is not as prone to erosion).
"It's pretty amazing we have a resource like Bailey," Schlosser said.
Trail builders
Momentum Trail Concepts started construction Saturday. The company is based in Denver and has become known for it's reputable work for big events all over the country since it started five years ago. It consists entirely of three friends who do all the work together – Steve Wentz, Matt Thompson and Mihai Moga. The men have built bike trails since 1998.
"We met as professional downhill bike racers," Moga said. "We had other jobs but we started this company together because this is what we love."
The work demands a strong back and tough hands as well as some heavy machinery. There are three primary roles, which the men alternate. One of them leads, creating the trail's foundation with a backhoe. The second man smooths out the general path and the third puts all the finishing touches on it.
"I really like polishing the trail," Moga said. "There are things on the trail you can't see with your eyes but you can feel them on a bike."
Sometimes the challenge is creating a feature that isn't felt on a bike, like a slight out-slope that will direct water off the side of the path.
"That's important because otherwise the water will run down the middle of the path and wash it out," Moga said.
The construction will take about 45 days. Volunteers are likely to be enlisted at some point – Eagle's Hardscrabble Trails Coalition is ready to help with that – but Moga said they won't be needed for most of the construction.
"Volunteers are generally most useful for the cleanup stage, when we disburse the leftover debris like branches and rocks that we moved out of the way and piled up on the side," he said. "For the trail construction itself, it's better to have fewer people so that we can control the quality."
The trail
The trail is entirely on Haymeadow property, though it will connect with the Pool and Ice Rink Trail – on Bureau of Land Management property to the north – at two or three points.
"We would need a permit to use BLM land, and that's a closed process right now because the agency is updating its travel management plan," Kostick said. "The BLM also charges a per-user fee for events like this race. The idea for this course is that it is 100 percent on town land."
The trail is designed to have two loops. One loop is shorter for the junior varsity riders, which will cut off some distance as well as elevation gain.
"We need 1.5 to 2 miles of crux for the varsity riders," Rau said, pointing out other concerns, such as how much speed riders will have when crossing a bridge.
Two bridges are currently needed for the course as planned. Kostick hopes to have them made with beetle-kill wood. A long, buried culvert might be the safer option that is needed, however.
Since there is a wide range of ability among high school riders, the course will be intermediate as far as technical obstacles go. Most of the challenge will be in the distance and hill climbs, including a big climb and descent at the end.
"There will be a mix of single and double track so that there are areas for passing," Rau said. "We also want safe and easy access in case there are any injuries."
The race will start in the dirt lot between the Eagle Pool and Ice Rink and the BMX bike track.
"We'll have about 40 teams and all their tents there," Rau said.
Kostick said that the event will bring about 500 people to town.
As the group hiked the course, they noted several areas where spectators will "camp" with good views of the action. There are certainly many good views all along the loop.
"This is a huge investment for the town of Eagle," Rau said. "People don't know yet how good the mountain biking is here."


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Q: Emily, can you tell me a little bit about what you are doing today?
I am an ESL teacher for Milwaukee Public Schools. Last year I started the ESL Program at a high school; we received many new students that came from other countries like Somalia, Iraq, Malaysia and Thailand. I am also the only ESL teacher at another high school. I spend my mornings at one school and my afternoons at the other. Half of my students are from Spanish-speaking backgrounds and the other half come from all over the world. There are 22 languages represented in my classroom. I have been teaching for MPS for two years and spent one year teaching in Bulgaria as a Fulbright English Teaching Assistant or an ETA.
Q: Can you describe what it was like to start this ESL program at your school, as well as what it was like teaching in Bulgaria.
I was actually the first Fulbright ETA to teach at my school in Silistra, Bulgaria. I was in a very small city, which gave me the opportunity to be really immersed in the culture. I enjoyed teaching there, but it is very different from teaching in the United States. Bulgaria is a post-communist country, and I could see how this affects the school. Creativity in teaching, for example, wasn't something that was necessarily valued there as it is here, so that was a little challenging for me. I really loved my students there and loved being able to live in another culture.
Being the first ETA there in that school helped to prepare me for the following year where I jumped into a new school that had never had an ESL program before. I was coming into a new setting with no expectations for me or no big shoes I had to fill. It was nice in that it gave me freedom to make decisions and didn't force me to compare myself to anyone that came before (since no one had), but it did require a lot of extra work from me. I think I worked harder last year starting that program than I have ever worked for anything before in my life.
Q: What would you say is your most important job as a teacher?
For me, my most important task each day is to make sure that my students leave my classroom knowing they are loved and that they belong. Community is the core of my classroom. I have students coming from all over the world and sometimes it can be tempting for them to feel like they are different or even an outcast. I think it is so important for them to feel part of our classroom community which is beautiful and diverse, and that they are an integral part of it. I know that if a student feels comfortable and part of a community, like they belong, it will be much easier for them to learn the things I teach them. Before I teach them anything in English, I want them to feel a sense of welcome and belonging.
Q: How do you think Northwestern impacted your life?
The education I received really did prepare me for what I am doing now. The ESL professors and the cooperating teachers I had helped prepare me well so that on day one, I felt prepared and equipped to create curriculum, manage a class, and love the students in front of me. The Intercultural Studies program helped me to gain experience in working with people from all over the world and being comfortable in unknown or uncomfortable places. It is also really cool how God used my Intercultural Studies trip to prepare me for my future job I have now. On the trip, we went to Japan, Thailand, Malaysia and Jordan. Last year, I received students from Thailand, Malaysia and Jordan. For me to be able to look them in the eye and greet them with a word from their language that I learned or to say that I have been to their country was huge in helping me gain their trust and build a relationship with them.
Q: Can you talk a little bit about how you grew in your faith while at Northwestern?
I learned a lot about trust during my time at Northwestern. There were a lot of unknowns: "How will I pay for this? How will I know what to do in the future?" But, I learned how to place my trust in Christ and trust that he will provide the finances and answers in time. I also learned about my identity in Christ.
Q: Is there a particular example of this that stands out to you?
The strongest memory that is coming to mind was during my senior year. During the first week of senior year, my aunt, who I was very close with, passed away very young from cancer. I had a really difficult time with it and was very angry at God for allowing it to happen. I remember one of the first chapels of the year, Drew Shepp, who was part of Campus Ministries at the time, played the hymn "It is Well" and I remember him saying, "My hope for all of you is that by the end of this year, you can sing 'It is well with my soul' and mean it." I remember sitting in my grief and not knowing if I ever could. Through the chapels that year, the Bible Studies, and working through the grief with a counselor at Northwestern, by the end of the year, I was able to sing it and mean it and was able to trust God again. Despite the grief and pain, that process was very monumental in my faith journey. I was able to see His love for me and my family even through such a tragedy.
Q: How do you think Northwestern impacted your worldview?
At Northwestern, I learned a lot about serving, and the importance of having a servant's heart. This has hugely impacted my worldview as I seek to be His servant no matter where I am and no matter who I am with. I also learned about the relentless love of God. At Northwestern, I learned that Jesus loves without conditions and now I seek to love the world like that.


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- nanowire wire drawing
wire, thread or slender rod, usually very flexible and circular in cross section, made from various metals and alloys, including iron, steel, brass, bronze, copper, aluminum, zinc, gold, silver, and platinum. The processes used are all fundamentally the same.
The first known writing relating to wire and its manufacture appears in the Bible (Exodus 39:3): "And gold leaf was hammered out and cut into threads . . . ." Round wire was probably made by cutting plates into narrow strips, which were then hammered and filed round. These wires were very short, and it was necessary to braze or hammer several pieces end to end to make substantial lengths.
For several centuries wire was drawn through metal dies by hand, in short lengths. The section to be drawn was hammered to a point so that it could be pushed through the hole in the die. The wiredrawer grasped it with his hands or with tongs and pulled it through the die, the amount of reduction being limited by the strength of the wiredrawer. Various means were used to augment his strength, such as seating him in a hanging chair so that by bracing his legs against the die-holding structure he could pull with his arms and push with his legs. Larger wire had to be made by hammering or rolling or both.
In the 19th century requirements for large tonnages and great lengths of steel and copper wire became acute, especially after the invention of wire rope, the development of the telegraph in the 1840s, and the invention of the telephone and barbed wire later in the century. These demands were met by the Bessemer and the open-hearth steelmaking processes and new machinery and methods of rolling rods.
Wire nowadays is drawn from a hot-rolled section of steel called a rod. (Rods of some of the softer metals may be formed by extrusion or casting instead of rolling.) The rods are cleaned of scale (oxides that form on the surface) by immersion in dilute sulfuric acid. Other acids or a molten salt bath, such as of sodium hydride, may be used, as may mechanical scalers, depending on the material. Metallic grit blasting is sometimes used to clean spring wire. After acid cleaning, the metal is washed and immersed in a coating solution, such as a lime emulsion, borax, or phosphate, to neutralize any remaining acid and act as a lubricant in subsequent wire-drawing operations.
The wire-drawing process consists of pointing the rod, threading the pointed end through the die, and attaching the end to a drawing block as shown in the figure. The block, revolved by an electric motor, pulls the lubricated rod through the die, reducing it in diameter and increasing its length. For smaller sizes of wire, the reduction cannot be performed in a single draft, and a multiple-block machine is used, consisting of a number of single-block machines built together in one unit.


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LeBron, Heat follow familiar pattern to 27th straight victory
There are some more interesting tests ahead on the schedule this week — Chicago, a New Orleans team that just ended the Nuggets win streak, then San Antonio. Games where the Heat can't just coast along and flip a switch.
But they did follow that pattern again Monday — and it worked again. The Heat cruised to their 27th straight win following the pattern of recent games:
The other team comes out fired up, Miami doesn't match their intensity and the opponent take an early lead. Then Miami follows LeBron James on a big run, pulls away in the second half and wins handily.
Monday night that pattern led to a 108-94 win for the Heat that extended their winning streak to 27 games. As has been drummed into your head by now that is the second longest in NBA history and six games short of the NBA record of 33 from the 1972 Lakers.
The Heat players really don't want to talk about it, but it's an amazing feat. And it's a streak kept alive Monday not so much because the Heat were focused on the game — LeBron was decidedly unfocused for much of the night — but because the Heat (even with Dwyane Wade sitting out his second straight game to rest his knee) had much more talent on the court than a banged-up Magic team.
Jameer Nelson was the key to Orlando getting out to an early lead (which never reached double digits but was steady). Nelson knocked down shots (he finished with 27 points on 20 shots) and was making the quick, smart pass when the Heat started trapping him. Orlando took care of the ball, Miami turned it over and the Magic had the lead.
That lead was at 42-37 midway through the second quarter when the Heat flipped the switch for the first time that night — Miami closed the half on n an 18-4 run. The Magic shot 2-of-19 to close out the half and Miami led by nine, in part because they were 8-of-15 from three in the first 24 minutes.
The third quarter started out pretty much like the first half of the game (and really the first half of the Heat season — they coasted again. And Nelson was making plays again — he capped a 15-4 Magic run to tie the game 68-68 with less than three minutes to go in the third quarter.
Then LeBron woke up — he started with a monster dunk that ignited a 10-0 Heat run to close out the third quarter. That run grew to 20-2 into the fourth. The Magic were turning the ball over against the pressure defense, and when you do that against the Heat you get Ray Allen threes in transition and LeBron alley-oop finishes.
It became a rout; before you could blink it was 88-70 Miami. Orlando put on some little runs in the fourth (they play hard for Jacque Vaughn), but the Heat pushed them back, expanded their lead and won handily.
LeBron James feigned frustration (or, maybe not so feigned) when taken out of the game one rebound short of a triple-double — 24 points, 11 assists and 9 rebounds. Allen and Chris Bosh each chipped in a dozen, Mario Chalmers had 17.
Miami's streak is going to get put to a tougher test the rest of the week, but the flip side is they may be more focused from the opening tip. To keep their streak alive from here on out, they are going to have to change the pattern.


text:
Why Cooper Union Matters
On a clear night in early November, hundreds of people filed into the Great Hall at Cooper Union. By 7:00, the auditorium's 900 seats were full and hundreds of people crammed into standing room at the back. The event was not open to the public and security guards in the lobby were checking everyone for some form of Cooper ID. The current student body is counted at 918, so it only took a quick glance around to see that the event had drawn far more than just current students. Both faculty and alumnae had also come out in great numbers for the emergency meeting that had been called with Cooper Union's Chairperson of the Board of Trustees, Mark Epstein, and his much quieter fellow Board member Richard Lincer.
At issue was the recently leaked information that the Board of Trustees was considering charging tuition to Cooper students—a move that many believe would radically undermine the philosophy that is at the institution's core. Financial newspapers and business journals have reported widely in the last few years on the safety of Cooper's endowment and on the wisdom of many of its investment strategies, and so the news that the school carried a deficit of over eight million dollars during the summer of this year sent shockwaves throughout the community. When, only some months later, that deficit was recalculated and announced to be over 16 million, it sent people reeling. The late October leak that the Board seemed to have decided that converting Cooper Union to a tuition-based institution may be the only way to keep the school solvent was met with bewilderment by students and faculty members alike, who demanded to know what, exactly, was going on.
While financial transparency was unfortunately not one of the results of the November meeting, what did become clear was a paradigmatic divide between the representatives of the Cooper Board and the people who actually comprise the institution. Early on and then repeatedly throughout the meeting, Mr. Epstein assured those seated in the hall that current Cooper students would not be asked to pay tuition. This position was met initially with a kind of dumbfounded silence and then each time it was repeated, grumblings grew louder. It seemed difficult for Epstein to imagine that self-interest had not motivated the attendance of those gathered before him. Indeed, it seemed plain to all but Epstein that a collective purpose had stirred this group together.
Cooper Union is an all-scholarship institution. That means that students who get in (an exceedingly and increasingly difficult task) do not pay tuition for their education. In the current educational climate where astronomical tuition and routine hikes are the norm, Cooper's policy is both unusual and unique. Something very particular happens inside an all-scholarship classroom that simply does not happen anywhere else. Because every student is guaranteed a full scholarship, the playing field is leveled—there is no price on anyone's head—which creates a palpable bond between students that enhances learning. But something perhaps even more critical happens in this kind of environment. Because not a single Cooper student has taken out loans to pay impossibly high tuition fees, conversations and explorations can move beyond the instrumentalized notion of education that is so prevalent elsewhere.
It may be a rapidly receding notion, but the students at Cooper are engaged in nothing less than the pursuit of knowledge and thinking for their own sake. The philosophy that courses through the institution is that education is a higher good, one that enriches the individual and, in so doing, enriches the human community. In this framework, education has its own value—and this is what makes Cooper Union radical and worth saving, perhaps even worth imitating: It is operating on a fundamentally different idea of what education is, and what it can be. So unfamiliar has this notion become, so fully has it been absented from current educational discourse, that it now rings of privilege or luxury—some kind of Enlightenment-era credo available only to the patriarchal elite. But when did it become okay to think that if an idea or a theory does not have an immediate, measurable, quantifiable economic use value it is a privilege to learn about it? When did such complacency develop around this kind of argument, enabling it to become the silent and seemingly obvious norm?
Since the 1980s, universities have responded to the pressures of economy by increasingly commercializing themselves, selling their educations as a product. That education has faltered as a result of this is evident all around us. The discourse has become one of investment: Exorbitant loans are justified on the grounds of the value of the product they purport to put out—namely, students that generate income (which then, in theory, enables them to pay off their educational debt). This model keeps education squarely in the place of an instrument within a distinctly capitalist frame, and it has far-reaching consequences. It has already shaped the way schools prioritize disciplinary weight inside the curriculum so that humanities and arts budgets have dwindled to almost nothing. It has limited the nature of discussions in the classroom and the priorities of the students so that it has become commonplace for students to demand higher grades for mediocre work, because of an over-concern with their own marketability once they pass through the institution's walls. The difference, at Cooper Union, is that because education is regarded as a higher good and not exclusively as a marketable product, the learning process is able to move outside of a solely capitalist frame. An all-scholarship school makes other kinds of thought possible because of the freedom it allows for thinking and learning to roam outside of mere supply and demand, investment and product.
American higher education now justifies itself on economic grounds: that we are producing the workforce for a global world. Such rhetoric has defined its function and has become its purpose. When was the last time debates around education articulated the virtues of higher thought, scholarship, a liberal education in the sense of one that frees the mind? When was the last time we explored the impact an idea, a novel, or a work of art can have on a person and on what they might decide to do with it? The danger of losing Cooper Union to the privatized, tuition-based educational model is not simply that we would lose one of the last bastions of non-instrumentalized education. The danger lies also in the fact that it would be like jumping out of the frying pan and into the fire, as even tuition-based institutions are faltering everywhere. And we are only now beginning to conceive of the economic impact that six billion dollars of collective student loan debt will have for generations to come. At a time when conventional structures are failing all around us, this seems like the moment to re-invent, re-imagine, re-conceive of what education is, and so what a school like Cooper might be—perhaps even how other schools can follow its model. Instead, the current Board of Trustees threatens to revert to examples that arguably don't work. At the end of the long meeting with Chairperson Mark Epstein, Professor Sohnya Sayres, a humanities professor who has been at Cooper for two decades, spoke eloquently about how concerning it was to her that at no point had any Board member been able to articulate the value of what Cooper is, what it does, and what it stands for. Her point was both philosophical and financial: "If you can't defend it, you can't get people to donate to it!"
Sayres's point returns to the particular financial problem Cooper Union finds itself in, and the possible ways it might pull itself out. Both the new president, Jamshed Bharucha, and the Board of Trustees repeatedly talk about needing to generate more revenue in order to sustain the school. Indeed, while tuition seems to be the only solution they have seriously engaged, Bharucha has responded to community pressure by appointing a "revenue task force" to investigate other options, because tuition comes with its requisite problems. There are students of wealthy families at Cooper Union who could conceivably afford to pay tuition fees but as soon as the institution ceases being need-blind, it would find itself in the same strange boat as so many other schools that tend to have two admissions lists: those for the students they actually want and those for the students who can afford it. Whether or not Cooper could maintain the excellence that has been its reputation with such a divide is questionable.
Perhaps more concerning is that if Cooper entered into the tangle that would inevitably ensue by trying to charge tuition, it stands to jeopardize the peculiar tax status it now enjoys. In 1902, Cooper Union acquired the land that the Chrysler building now stands on. Each year, the owners of the building come up with property tax that would usually be paid to the city of New York but, in a strange series of contested court proceedings stretching back to 1931, that property tax gets paid directly to Cooper Union. This tax equivalency status is one of the institution's major sources of revenue. While President Bharucha has dismissed the idea that charging tuition could undermine this agreement, the precedent is one that has been historically difficult to defend—and it seems to hinge on the argument that the institution is of direct benefit to the city. In many ways, Peter Cooper's intention to provide an education specifically for underserved communities—for the working classes and poor women—is a mandate to which it would be wise to recommit. This is the link that allows a private school to benefit from public tax money. While it is easy to decry the agreement as inequitable, and while attempts have been made to tear it down (notably by the city's few Republican mayors), it represents a rare and important commitment to education—a commitment the institution would do well to match by pledging to more faithfully represent the demographic constituents of the city. Whether or not charging tuition would jeopardize this status is up for debate. What is certain is that there can be no guarantee that charging tuition would pull the school out of its troubles. And once tuition is charged, the school is no longer itself anyway.
In all of these discussions, the emphasis tends to be on the need to generate more revenue. What goes unmentioned or strategically obfuscated are the institution's itemized expenditures. How much does it really cost to educate someone? Of the commonplace tuition fees, how much goes to what are known as "administrative costs" and how much is direct instructional expense? It seems that in the turn towards privatized education, a Wall Street mentality has slipped into the mix: If you deliver a product and you do it well, you get a bonus, and that bonus—that administrative cost—is shouldered by the students you supposedly need more tuition from in order to educate.
The annual operating budget at Cooper Union has been quoted at 61 million dollars per year. While numbers have been bandied about that show total expenses, they are slippery at best and a clear picture of how much it costs to run the institution has yet to be released. Some information is available in the public tax record that Cooper, along with any other institution of higher learning, is required to file with the state. And these documents reflect a very disturbing trend. In the last 10 years, administrative costs at Cooper have doubled. Payments to the officers of the institution (the president and the various administrative and academic deans) have also doubled in a decade. This does not seem to have any direct relationship to an increase in the duties of these officers, nor does it seem to have a logical relationship to the number of students for which each officer is responsible. For example, at Cooper Union, the architecture school has the least number of students and the engineering school makes up the largest population. The assumption would be that the managerial work of the respective deans of these schools would be proportional to the number of students, and their compensation would reflect the same. But somehow, the dean of the engineering school is paid the least of the three schools' deans, and the architecture school dean is paid the most.
Similarly, while full-time faculty salaries have gone up only 2.5 percent per year, as is regulated by their union, salaries of the administrators have increased at much higher rates. In 2009, then President George Campbell's total compensation package was $668,473—which included a cash bonus (for what, exactly, it is unclear) in the amount of $175,000. Staggered by these numbers, I looked at many other schools to see if their administrators were getting comparable packages—schools that, unlike Cooper, depend on tuition revenue for significant percentages of their budgets. I looked at schools like Vassar (a school that stopped being need-blind in 1997 and currently charges upwards of fifty thousand dollars per year to its 2400 students) and found that George Campbell's compensation packages were well above average. He was also the only president of a college that I could find who received a cash bonus.
I have had a somewhat illustrious career as a second-class faculty member—i.e., an adjunct professor—teaching at some of the country's most esteemed institutions: Wesleyan University, Bard College, U.C. Berkeley, and Cooper Union among them. I was hired to teach at Cooper in 2006 when I was a doctoral candidate and my semester's fee for 14 weeks was $4,500. Sometime later, after completing my Ph.D. and spending a year as a post-doctoral fellow at the Center for the Humanities at Wesleyan University, I returned to Cooper Union. It was the fall of 2009 and I was re-hired by the college's dean of the humanities at the exact same rate I was paid in 2006. I was told at the time that the budget could not accommodate any fee increase for having received my Ph.D., nor could it afford paying any increase for the standard annual rates of inflation. That same year, the dean who hired me received a compensation package valued at $239,724.
Seventy percent of Cooper Union's classes are taught by people like me: non-tenured faculty. For the most part, we have no job security, no health insurance, and no hope for a salary increase; moreover, we are generally considered expendable in that, if we won't work under those conditions, the school can easily find someone who will. I find it troubling that the institution now justifies the need for more revenue without making public its detailed expenses. The vast disparity between the value Cooper assigns to my work as a teacher and to a dean's work as an administrator makes questionable the idea that it costs a lot to educate someone. Exactly where is the money going?
That there is a need to re-evaluate our educational priorities seems clear. Something that has gone unmentioned during the discussions around charging tuition at Cooper is the fact that student loan debt is the only kind of debt that can never be forgiven. Even a declaration of bankruptcy will not absolve you of it. I recently attended a meeting of the Arts & Labor working group that has grown out of the Occupy Wall Street movement. An older artist spoke to us about no longer being able to afford her student loan fees (fees for a loan she took out in 1968). The government has begun to take her loan payments out of her monthly disability and Social Security checks—a story that impacted many of us gathered there who easily saw ourselves in similar straits.
To teach at Cooper Union is, and always has been, an honor—not because of what I get paid or any accolades I may receive, but because of the sheer wonder of what happens inside a Cooper classroom. Of all the many places I have taught, it is the only place where the openness of thought, the eagerness around intellectual exploration, the transformative nature of a liberal—a liberating—education is both palpable and electric. If the institution is now in trouble, let all that are a part of it see the numbers so that everyone might participate in a solution. Now is the time to re-think and re-structure, to move toward a future model: one that values instruction, one that honors educational costs without inflating them, one that chooses to protect future student generations from the kind of debt peonage that is everywhere. A question worth asking is whether the current Board of Trustees is up for this kind of re-imagining. Is it wise to entrust those who got the school into this predicament with the task of getting it out?
What is needed now is a vision: a way of seeing long down the line to a time when perhaps there will be many all-scholarship schools, when the value of a free education is once again understood, proclaimed, protected. This debate does not only affect the community of Cooper Union. If you believe that all people should have the chance to broaden their minds, if you hope to engage in higher education, if you have children you want to send to college, if you struggle under the weight of student loan debt—then this is your fight, too.


text:
Rock Exotica Rockstar 3-D Rig Plate
The rockStar gives rigging professionals a variety of advantages over flat rigplates. Now professionals have the ability to connect multiple lines from several dimensions to create a floating anchor that before the release of our first 3D rigplate, was cumbersome and complex.
Rigging Plate Technical Notice (.pdf)
Declaration of Conformity (.pdf)
Rock Exotica Specifications
Weight: 7.4 oz (470gm)
Breaking Strength: 36 kN
Width: 3.0" (75 mm)
Height: 3.7" (93 mm)
Depth: 2.6" (65 mm)
Certification: CE, NFPA "G"
Specialized Rigplates


text: Posted on March 19, 2003September 10, 2020 © 2023 by Linda Moulton HoweCattle Mutilation – The Unthinkable Truth Chapter 3, Part Three Click here to subscribe and get instant access to read this report. Click here to check your existing subscription status. Existing members, login below: Username or E-mail Password Remember Me Forgot Password Login © 1998 - 2023 by Linda Moulton Howe.All Rights Reserved.


text:
- From: Guus Schreiber <firstname.lastname@example.com>
- Date: Mon, 14 Jan 2013 15:34:54 +0100
- To: "Phillips, Addison" <firstname.lastname@example.com>
- CC: Eric Prud'hommeaux <firstname.lastname@example.com>, Sandro Hawke <email@example.com>, "email@example.com" <email@example.com>, RDF WG <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Addison, The RDF WG is going ahead under the assumption that we have dealt with all your issues, given your last response [1]. I would appreciate if you could acknowledge this, assuming this is also your take on it. In that case: could you also close the open issues on Turtle [2]? Thanks in advance for checking this! Best, Guus [1] http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rdf-comments/2012Dec/0001.html [2] http://www.w3.org/International/track/products/34/all On 11-12-12 07:35, Phillips, Addison wrote: > Hello Eric, et al, > > Some responses follow. > > Addison > >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Eric Prud'hommeaux [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] >> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2012 3:46 PM >> >> = I18N-ISSUE-178 = >>> I'm *not* satisfied with the resolution of this issue. >>> >>> In Section 6.5 you added a directly link to the IANA Language Subtag registry, >> calling the contents "registered language tags" (which is incorrect, these are >> language subtags, used to form language tags). >> >> s{registered language tags}{registered language subtags} done > > Thanks. > >> >>> No reference is made to BCP 47. TURTLE effectively does not specify any >> standard for language tags and does not require validity or even "well- >> formedness" of language tags. Please address this issue by adding an explicit >> reference to BCP 47 (preferably a normative reference). >> >> Section 6.5 specifies the syntactic constraints on the language. Section 7 >> specifies the binding to RDF, including >> "Literals are composed of a lexical form and an optional language tag [BCP47] >> or datatype IRI." >> Also, the href on "language tag" points to the part of the RDF concepts doc >> which says defines language tag: >> "a non-empty language tag as defined by [BCP47]. The language tag must be >> well-formed according to section 2.2.9 of [BCP47]…" > > I swear I looked at this. Must. Drink. More. Coffee. > >> >>> The link to the language subtag registry, please note, occurs in this sentence: >>> >>> The strings @prefix and @base match the pattern for LANGTAG, though >> neither "prefix" nor "base" are registered language tags. >>> >>> Shouldn't the EBNF include the magick strings "prefix" and "base" in the >> LANGTAG production? While that production "permits" these strings, it is often >> customary to call out reserved values. >> >> I floated a version of the grammar which explicitly included "prefix" and "base" >> as alternatives in a productions for langtag >> <http://email@example.com> but that thread >> got derailed by a discussion about how parsers work. Because these language >> tags aren't registered and couldn't be tested by valid documents, the WG >> decided to leave their inclusion undefined <http://www.w3.org/2011/rdf- >> wg/meeting/2012-06-20#line0176>. > > No worries. I don't think this is critical. >> >> >> = I18N-ISSUE-180 = >>> you have added the Unicode references requested, but these take the wrong >> form. For example, at #turtle-literals in your draft, you say: >>> >>> Literals delimited by ' (U+27), may not contain the characters ', LF (U+0A), >> or CR (U+0D). >>> >>> Unicode literals should always be at least four hex digits (U+0027, U+000D, >> etc.). Please search your document for "U+" and fix each one (this is a quick >> job). >> >> done, apart from the grammar which follows the XML notation #xN >> <http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#sec-notation>. > > Thanks! > >> (This changed "(U+0 to U+FFFF)" to "(U+0000 to U+FFFF)" in the media type, >> which will require a registry update some time this century.) > > (Sets alarm on the Long Now clock...) > >> >> >> = I18N-ISSUE-183 = >>> After your proposal, there were several comments from I18N and from other >> people. You didn't change the example so that the data types would be a good >> example. I think we're not satisfied with this one, although I would class this as >> an editorial comment and recognize that the point of the example is to show >> the different data types, not to model any real-life data. Still... bad examples >> like this are the bane of my existence. >> >> I'm sympathetic to your existential bane, having several myself. Perhaps I can >> enlist you to help formulate a better example. >> > ... >> >> While in theory it's better to use e.g. gYear, it's vanishingly rare to find real >> examples. Also, the example is explicitly for the syntactic shortcuts in Turtle >> which produce integers, decimals and doubles. >> >> My runner-up examples is from chemistry, a not terribly alien domain: >> >> [[ >> @prefix : <http://example.org/elements> . >> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium> >> :atomicNumber 2 ; # xsd:integer >> :atomicMass 4.002602 ; # xsd:decimal >> :specificGravity 1.663E-4 . # xsd:double >> ]] >> (Half-lives and that sort of thing get us back into the gYear problem.) >> >> This one's a bit specialized, plus the element that has an atomic mass of >> 4.002602 isn't really the same thing as the gas with the specific gravity. >> Thoughts? > > I like this example, even if it is slightly arcane. It meets the various quibbles. As I said, I hate bad examples, but I'd need to spend some time to invent a similar example. Perhaps on my flight to Seattle tomorrow..... > >> >> = I18N-ISSUE-189 = >>> We requested that you incorporate the obs-language-tag production directly >> or by reference. I'm satisfied with your reasons for not modifying the EBNF, but >> not with the text that describes the handling of language tags (see issue 178 >> above). >> >> You may be now that I've pointed out that the parsing section stipulates that >> LANGTAGs must be BP47-compliant. > > Yup. >> >> >> = I18N-ISSUE-190 = >>> Eric explained that PN_CHARS_BASE was derived from [2] and "presumably >> leveraged the wisdom that went into XML identifiers". However, the XML >> reference is incomplete in "erasing" combining marks (which was, in fact, the >> purpose) and it was created a Long Time Ago. The additional complexity that >> having this production introduces to TURTLE is probably unnecessary. However, >> I have no objection to keeping things as they are, as EBNF contains no ready >> means of doing anything better and it doesn't hurt anything to keep some >> combining marks from being used badly. >> >> I read your response as saying that today the XML WG would use a different >> production because they missed removing some combining characters (so XML >> names are limited to those characters which have a single codepoint in NFC?). >> Presumably, this would change no existing data. Do you have the list of the >> changes? > > It's... not that simple. > > XML names are not limited to characters with single NFC code points and purposefully so. While we often use Latin letters and combining accents as examples of combining marks, these are, in practice, rarely used and the recommendation is to use NFC (pre-composed) code points where possible for interoperability reasons. However, what is often overlooked is that many scripts use combining marks as an inherent and unavoidable way that the text is encoded. Cf. http://people.w3.org/rishida/docs/unicode-tutorial/part3#vowel-signs > > So the problem isn't that there are a few more combining marks in the block reserved for that. It is that there are many combining marks strewn around Unicode and that making an EBNF list of them is prohibitively complex. What's more, new scripts get added to Unicode in each release and many of these require combining marks (making the old list obsolete). So what I'm basically saying is that, were we to do it over, we might use the Unicode properties instead of trying to make a list or we might handle this in some different manner (several approaches exist). While I applaud Turtle for trying to address the normalization problem, in practice, though, it's somewhat moot. Defining a triple name (or other token) that starts with a combining mark won't happen naturally with "real" data and may hurt if you do it--so enforcing it at the grammar level may not be a huge priority. Somewhat like we used to (try to) say that NFC/"include normalization" needed to be enforced tooth-and-nail, but now mostly confine ourselves to health warnings. > > Ideally, I think you'd put an NFC health warning ("use NFC content for interoperability"), remove the extra rules, and point out that starting a token with a combining mark is a Bad Idea. But given that you have working implementations, et al, I'd just leave most of it alone. > >>> Perhaps we can resolve >> things "live"? >> >> That'd be like party time at TPAC. >> Let's see what remains after a few cycles and then we can see if we need to >> board each others' ships. > > Sounds good (resists temptation to add pirate joke). > >
Received on Monday, 14 January 2013 14:35:29 UTC