text:
The Backstage Series brings some of our most sought-after and experimental taproom beers to a much larger audience. Every single 750mL bottle of these limited batches is intended for Founders fans to share, celebrate and thoroughly enjoy. And each release affirms that we are following our passion: beer that is brewed for us. It will always be about producing the best beer we can and offering it to those who share our enthusiasm.
Backstage Series beers are brewed sporadically throughout the year in limited supply. These beers are not on a set schedule and may or may not ever be brewed again. Regardless, rest assured that whatever comes next will be amazing and unique.
You don't need to be 21 to check out our Careers.


text:
Hoofsmart.com clinic
Hoof Trimming for Horse Owner's 101 Clinic, April 16, 2016, presented by Leitha Lee, Hoofsmart.com. For future educational and equine learning opportunities stay tuned to Cash Point Equine Training Center, Ardmore, TN, Ed and Bonnie Dervage. If you are looking at this you already know Leitha Lee's FB page is an incredible resource. You may download these images for personal use. You may also share from this site to social media. If you download for the internet a small image will do. If you intend to print for personal use, download the image at the original size. File will be large but quality will be maximized. Thank you, Joanne Lowery.Read More

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Saluta, probabilmente per sempre, la pallacanestro statunitense uno dei personaggi più amati e controversi degli ultimi 20 anni: Tracy McGrady, 15 nella lega a spasso tra Toronto Orlando e Houston (oltre ai recenti "camei" a NY,Detroit e Atlanta), lascia l'NBA per approdare ai Qingdao DoubleStar, ambiziosa formazione militante nel campionato cinese.
Il rammarico, per lui i suoi fan e probabilmente per gli amanti di questo sport, che si legge tra le righe della sua dichiarazione d'addio, è che non sia mai stato capace di raggiungere (per demerito suo o altrui, decidetelo voi) traguardi importanti.
Queste le parole rilasciate sul suo network ufficiale.
There are times in life that a new road presents itself and it appears this time has come for me now. I am so proud of what I have accomplished these past 15 years playing in the NBA. It was a dream entering the league as I just turned 18 years old. I worked hard and poured my heart and soul into this game. I consider myself a student of the game as I have watched, studied and played with and agai
nst the best players in the world. The NBA was my University and I learned so much. The gratitude I feel is really immeasurable. I have experienced the best moments a player can experience and have had some dark ones too. Both equally important in helping shape me into the man I am today.
As I leave the league for now, there have been so many profound people who inspired me along my way. I have to say thank you for guiding me and having an enormous influence on the way I played basketball. Isaiah Thomas, Rich Devos, Leslie Alexander and John Gabriel, you believed in me and I thank you. Jeff Van Gundy, you exemplified the brilliance of what a great coach is. Steven A. Smith, you gave us players a voice and for that I thank you. Doug Christy, Charles Oakley, Dee Brown, Mugsy Bogues, Antonio Davis, Dell Curry, Kevin Willis, you all showed a young kid from Auburndale Florida how to be a better player. Kobe, you made me work harder and it was an honor to play against you. And Yao, we shared an experience together that will always be with me, thank you. Sonny & Pam Vaccarro showed me how there is loyalty and genuine friendship in this business. Arn Tellem and Tim Hoy, 15 years and you are still my agents. Thank you for guiding me throughout my career. When all is said and done, there is so many that made an impact on my life. I am one blessed man to have the love and never ending support of my wife CleRenda and the best 4 kids a man can ask for. But most important, I give glory and thanks to God. It is thru Him that I have been so blessed and I am forever thankful.
As I enter this next chapter, I am excited to play for Qingdao Eagles in China. I have been to China several times in the last few years and I love the people and the country. It will be an honor to play for them. Thank you to every fan that has followed me and believed in me. Injuries and all, I wouldn't have changed a thing. I am proud of the mark I left on this game and am grateful to have been a part this league. It was a dream to play in front of all of you, each night, in every stadium. Thank you.
"It's just giving people opportunities.."


text:
Proliant ML110 G6 Overview
HP ProLiant ML110 Generation 6 (G6)
What's New
Standard Features
8 total (4 rear, 2 front panel, 2 internal (one for USB Tape connectivity))
Windows Server
Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)
NOTE: For more information on HP's Certified and Supported ProLiant
Servers for OS and Virtualization Software and latest listing of software
drivers available for your server, please visit our Support Matrix at:
and our driver download page https://www.hp.com/support/ML110G6
HP LO100i Advanced
HP LO100i Lights-Out 100 with Optional LO100i Advanced Licenses for Virtual
KVM and Virtual Media.
NOTE: For more information, please refer
to the QuickSpecs for the LO100i found at: www.hp.com/go/lo100
HP ProLiant ML110 G6 Easy Set-up CD
The HP ProLiant Easy Set-up CD optimizes single-server setup, providing
a simple way to deploy reliable and consistent server configurations.
The HP ProLiant 100 Series Easy Set-up CD ships standard with the ML110
It offers essential single-server deployment tools for HP ProLiant 100
series servers that simplify HP entry server setup, providing a repeatable
way to deploy reliable and consistent single-server configurations. The
HP ProLiant Easy Set-up CD assists with the OS installation process by
preparing the system for installing "off-the-shelf" versions
of Windows operating system software and automatically integrating optimized
HP ProLiant server software drivers and utilities. Users enjoy the following
NOTE: For the latest information about
other related software; please visit the HP Insight Control Management
Software Portfolio at: https://h18004.www1.hp.com/products/servers/management/
and the HP ProLiant Easy Set-up CD Web site at: www.hp.com/servers/easysetup
Optional Features
HP Factory Express offers configuration, customization, integration and
deployment services for HP servers and/or storage products. Customers
can choose how their factory solutions are built, tested, integrated,
shipped and deployed.
Factory Express offers service packages for simple configuration, racking,
installation, complex configuration and design services as well as individual
factory services, such as image loading, asset tagging and custom packaging
HP products supported through Factory Express include a wide array of
servers and storage: HP Integrity, HP ProLiant, HP ProLiant Server Blades,
HP BladeSystem, HP 9000 servers, as well as, the MSAxxxx, VA7xxx, EVA,
XP, rackable tape libraries and configurable network switches.
For more information on Factory Express services for your specific server
model please contact your sales representative or go to: https://www.hp.com/go/factory-express
The HP eConfigure Enterprise Configurator now provides factory default
racking for our HP hardware portfolio. This approach is aligned with our
strategic direction to meet the needs and expectations of our valued customers.
If you require "custom" rack configuration, please contact HP's
Customer Business Center or an Authorized Partner for assistance. https://www.hp.com/products/configurator.
Service and Support
For increased uptime, productivity and ROI - HP Care Pack packaged
services for Servers
These days, you need to get the most out of your server investment - you
can't afford not to. When you buy HP server products and solutions, it's
also a good time to think about what levels of service and support you
may need. To help take the worry out of deploying, designing, maintaining,
and managing your environment, we've designed a portfolio of service options
that are as: flexible, reliable and scalable as your server. Unlike server-only
vendors, we take a holistic approach to your entire environment, bridging
storage, servers, blades, software and network infrastructures with our
HP Care Pack packaged services for Servers.
Protect your business beyond the warranty
When it comes to robustness and reliability, standard warranties on today's
computing equipment have matured just as the technologies have matured.
Good news on some fronts - but also a source of potential problems and
subsequent consequences that come from depending on standard warranties
alone. Standard warranty protects against product defects and some causes
of downtime - but not the business. By using a standard approach to warranty
uplifts, such as HP Care Pack Services, you can reduce downtime risks
and be more certain of operational consistency for both mission-critical
and standard business computing. Simply put, HP Care Pack Services normalize
the warranty of combined products - helping you proactively guard against
unplanned downtime.
Extending warranties with HP Care Pack Services
For cost-effective upgrading or extending your standard warranty, HP Care
Pack Services offer a suite of standard reactive hardware and software
support services that are sold separately, or combined as with our Support
Plus and Support Plus 24 services. The portfolio also provides a combination
of proactive and reactive services, such as Proactive 24 Service and Critical
Service. In addition, with HP Proactive Select we offer an innovative
approach to service delivery that gives you the flexibility to acquire
the specific proactive services you need today, then add services as your
needs evolve. HP Proactive Select offers a broad set of technical or per-event
type service options - including server, storage, and network, SAN device,
and software, environment, installation and education services. Services
that you can mix and match depending on your specific requirements, from
preliminary planning and equipment delivery to installation, configuration,
integration, and testing, through every level of ongoing support. Our
HP Care Pack packaged services for Servers assures help when you need
it most. And for many products, post-warranty HP Care Pack Services are
available when your original warranty has expired.
HP Server Services: Offering reliability, flexibility and value -
just like your storage
HP Server Services offers a full spectrum of customer care, from technology
support to complex migrations to complete completely managed services.
HP Factory Express provides customization, integration and deployment
services for turnkey solutions. HP Education offers flexible, comprehensive
training on server networking and server software to help your IT staff
get the most out of your investments. And HP Financial solutions extend
innovative financing and asset management programs to cost-effective buy,
manage and eventually retire your older equipment.
HP Server Services, the trusted business technology experts who manage
your technology in action, because when technology works, business works.
HP Care Pack Services are sold by HP and HP Authorized Service Partners:
NOTE: Care Pack Services availability
may vary by product and country.
3-Year HP Hardware Support Onsite Service, 4-hour response, 13x5
Delivering increased equipment availability and productivity with rapid-response
onsite and remote support for your HP hardware, as well as selected multivendor
equipment, this flexible HP Care Pack Service covers desktops, workstations,
servers, storage systems, network equipment, and printing.
Choose 4-Hour Same Business Day Hardware Support when you need to:
Service feature highlights
3-Year HP Hardware Support Onsite Service, Next-day response (9x5)
HP ProLiant services: Our integrated service portfolio covers the
entire solution lifecycle for x86 server environments - from installation
and support through the design, deployment, and management of complex
IT environments - so that you can confidently address any IT and business
HP Hardware Support Onsite Service provides high-quality remote assistance
and onsite support for your covered hardware, helping you to improve product
Service feature highlights
HP ProLiant Server Hardware Installation
HP Installation Service provides for the basic installation of HP branded
servers, workstations, desktop systems, notebook PCs, thin clients, storage
devices, printers, networking, and software products. The Installation
Service is part of a suite of HP deployment services that are designed
to give you the peace of mind that comes from knowing your HP and HP-supported
products have been installed by an HP specialist in accordance with the
manufacturer's product documentation.
3-Year HP Hardware Support Onsite Service, 4-hour response, 24x7
As an alternative to our recommended support level, for customers who
need same day response server level 24x7.
Provides high-quality remote assistance and onsite support for your covered
hardware, helping you to improve product uptime.
Service benefits:
3-Year HP Hardware Support Onsite Call-to-Repair (CTR) Service - 24-hour
As an alternative to our recommended support level, for customers
who need committed call-to-repair for server hardware.
HP Hardware Support Onsite 24x7 24-Hour Call-to-Repair Service provides
your IT manager access to a team of support specialists. They will quickly
begin troubleshooting the system to help return the hardware to operating
condition within a maximum of 24 hours from the initial service request.
HP is committed to repairing your hardware within a maximum of six hours.
The benefits include:
3-Year HP Hardware Support Onsite Call-to-Repair (CTR) Service - 6-hour
As an alternative to our recommended support level, for customers who
need committed call-to-repair for server hardware.
HP Hardware Support Onsite 24x7 6-Hour Call-to-Repair Service provides
your IT manager access to a team of support specialists. They will quickly
begin troubleshooting the system to help return the hardware to operating
condition within a maximum of six hours from the initial service request.
HP is committed to repairing your hardware within a maximum of six hours.
The benefits include:
HP eSupport is a portfolio of technology-based services that assist you
with managing your business environment - from the desktop to the data
Support Portal
The HP support portal provides one-stop access to the information, tools
and services you need to manage the daily operations of your IT environment.
Features include:
Access to certain features of the support portal requires an HP service
agreement. To access the support portal, visit: https://www.hp.com/support
HP Insight Remote Support software delivers secure remote support for
your HP Servers and Storage, 24 X 7, so you can spend less time solving
problems and more time focused on your business. You can have your systems
remotely monitored for hardware failure using secure technology that's
been proven at thousands of companies around the world. In many cases,
you can avoid problems before they occur.
HP Services continues to be recognized for service and support excellence
by customers, partners, industry organizations and publications around
the world. Recent honors and award reflect our services team's dedications,
technical expertise, professionalism and uncompromising commitment to
customer satisfaction. For a list of all our awards, please visit: https://h20219.www2.hp.com/services/cache/433028-0-0-225-121.htm
For more information about HP Care Pack Services for Servers, please
visit: https://www.hp.com/services/servers
To learn more on HP ProLiant servers and HP BladeSystem, please contact
your HP sales representative or HP Authorized Channel Partner, or visit:
or www.hp.com/services/bladesystem.
Pre-configured Models
Entry Model
HP ML110 G6 G6950 NHP SATA Server
Base Model
HP ML110 G6 X3430 NHP SATA Server
Performance model
HP ML110 G6 X3450 NHP SATA Server
Smart Buys
HP S-Buy ML110 G6 X3430 NHP SATA Server
HP S-Buy ML110 G6 X3430 NHP SATA SBS 08 Server
HP S-Buy ML110 G6 X3440 NHP SATA Server
HP S-Buy ML110 G6 i3-530 Server
HP S-Buy ML110 G6 i3-540 Server
HP S-Buy ML110 G6 i3-540 Server
Configuration Information-Factory Integrated Models
ML110 G6 Core Options
Additional Options
HP StorageWorks Ultrium 448 SAS Internal Drive
NOTE: Connection using HP P212
Smart Array Controller SAS ( 462828-B21) recommended.
NOTE: The increasing power of new high-performance processor technology
requires increased cooling efficiency for rack-mounted servers. The 10000
G2 Series Racks provide enhanced airflow for maximum cooling, allowing
these racks to be fully loaded with servers using the latest processors.
CAUTION: If a third-party rack is used, observe the following additional
requirements to ensure adequate airflow and to prevent damage to the equipment:
CAUTION: Always use blanking panels to fill all remaining empty
front panel U-spaces in the rack. This arrangement ensures proper airflow.
Using a rack without blanking panels results in improper cooling that
can lead to thermal damage.
HP Memory
Removable Media
Recommended Controller
Power Specifications
Efficiency (%)
Power Factor
Leakage Current (mA)
Maximum Inrush Current (A peak)
Maximum Inrush Current duration (mS)
System Specifications
Rated Line Voltage
(HxWxD, maximum)
Embedded NC107i PCIe Gigabit Server Adapter (Embedded)
Environment-friendly Products and Approach
Hewlett-Packard offers end-of-life HP product return, trade-in, and recycling
programs in many geographic areas. For trade-in information, please go
to: https://www.hp.com/go/green.
To recycle your product, please go to: https://www.hp.com/go/green
or contact your nearest HP sales office. Products returned to HP will
be recycled, recovered or disposed of in a responsible manner.
The EU WEEE directive (2002/95/EC) requires manufacturers to provide treatment
information for each product type for use by treatment facilities. This
information (product disassembly instructions) is posted on the Hewlett
Packard web site at: https://www.hp.com/go/green.
These instructions may be used by recyclers and other WEEE treatment facilities
as well as HP OEM customers who integrate and re-sell HP equipment.


text:
iPad owners cradle their iPads while watching TV anyway, so it makes perfect sense for TiVo to make a remote control app for them. Plus, it seems like you can go beyond just remote control functionality to a sort of split-screening.
Here's the quick feature list:
• Gesture based control - Take complete control of all recordings, even dragging forward and back through a show with a simple tap or swipe
• Start watching what you want - Launch a recorded show, live TV or streaming video with the swipe of a finger
• Program guide - Browse your full-screen TV program guide without interrupting TV viewing
• Schedule - Schedule one-time recordings and Season Pass recordings from the device at home or on-the-go
• Get more from your shows and movies - Explore cast and crew and other recommendations of your favorite shows without interrupting the big screen
• Search - Search for all of your favorite TV shows, movies, actors or directors across both broadcast and broadband from Netflix, Amazon Video On Demand, and more
• Share comments with your friends - From within the TiVo Premiere App, comment and share your thoughts to Facebook or Twitter about the show you are currently watching
Doing stuff while not interrupting your TV show sounds pretty amazing—kind of like Google TV, but without having to do picture-in-picture. Searching, scheduling and browsing seems useful as well. I like the way you're thinking, TiVo. [TiVo]


text:
Alberto Korda Born Alberto Díaz Gutiérrez September 14, 1928
Havana, Cuba
Died May 25, 2001 (aged 72) Paris, France
Known for Photographer of Guerrillero Heroico
Alberto Díaz Gutiérrez, better known as Alberto Korda or simply Korda (September 14, 1928 in Havana, Cuba – May 25, 2001 in Paris, France) was a Cuban photographer, remembered for his famous image Guerrillero Heroico of Argentine Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara.
Korda, whose real name was Alberto Díaz Gutiérrez, was born on 14 September 1928 in Havana, Cuba. He got his first taste of photography when he took his father's Kodak 35mm and began taking pictures of his girlfriend.
Korda was the son of a railway worker, and took many jobs before beginning as a photographer's assistant. Korda began his career as a photographer who shot pictures at banquets, baptisms and weddings. He would run back to his studio to develop the film, then return to the event and sell his photographs as a souvenir.
The quality of Korda's work as a beginner was very poor; after a few months the image became blurry and the paper yellowed.
When he opened his first studio Korda had an opportunity to learn from his mistakes and to stop the yellowing process by using the right chemicals for the correct durations of time. In 1953 Korda opened his first studio with a photographer named Luis Pierce. Initially Korda and Pierce took a variety jobs ranging from fashion to advertisements.
Most of the jobs were photographed by his studio partner, in order to keep their business going. It was the money generated by these jobs that allowed Korda to develop his unique style of looking at an image from another angle, different from the traditional photographer's studios.
It was this style that Studios Korda quickly became identified with achieving.
In the early years Korda was most interested in fashion because it allowed him to pursue his two favorite things, photography and beautiful women.
Korda became Cuba's premiere fashion photographer. Korda disliked artificial lighting he said it was "a travesty of reality" and only used natural light in his studio. He was master of black-and-white photography who looked for perfect composition and framing. Korda had unique creative ambition that he used to rise above in style when compared to the unimaginative cultural perspective of traditional Cuban photography.
This unique creativity turned the Korda Studio into something more than just a prosperous business; it became an art studio.[3] "My main aim was to meet women", he once confessed.[citation needed] His second wife, Natalia (Norka) Menendez, was a well known Cuban fashion model.
The relationship between Fidel Castro and Korda could not be defined by one label or title. For Castro, Korda was more than an official photographer, a friend or personal photographer. They never discussed the salary or the title, their relationship wasn't boss and worker. Thus, Korda was very relaxed, and interested in everything and everyone. Every photo he took was a symbol of the revolution, instead of a documentary of the events of the revolution.
The Cuban Revolution was the turning point in Korda's career. His career plans were completely changed with the success of the revolutionaries. In 1959 the newly established newspaper offered the largest space for photographers to display their photographs, and Korda became part of the revolutionary cause. Korda Says, "Nearing 30, I was heading toward a frivolous life when an exceptional event transformed my life:
The Cuban Revolution. It was at this time that I took this photo of a little girl, who was clutching a piece of wood for a doll. I came to understand that it was worth dedicating my work to a revolution which aimed to remove these inequalities." He got caught up in the ideals of the revolution and began photographing its leaders. As Revolution photographer Korda always worked at his own photographic tempo.
He wasn't pushed by the press or by any other requests. Where ever the revolution took Castro Korda followed. One of Korda's most recognizable images was of Castro's visit to the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. in April 1959. Castro's travels took Korda all around Cuba, overseas, and the Soviet Union. In 1963 photos of Fidel and Nikita Khrushchev, taken by Korda, illustrated the differences in both men that were evident in their respective politics.
In 1959 Fidel went back to the Sierra Maestra, the remote mountain region, where the revolutionary army began its attacks on the army of the Fulgencio Batista regime. Korda's style was to move to the front of whatever group Fidel was leading in order to get the shots he wanted. When Korda came back to his home, his daughter couldn't recognize him. His hair and beard were long and hadn't showered for months. Korda took many pictures for the newspaper and called the series "Fidel Returns to the Sierra."
Fidel always liked Korda's photos and never stopped him when he attempted to take his picture. He worked freely without thinking about political consequences, in order to get what he wanted in his photos.
Korda was a photographer for the Cuban newspaper Revolución when he produced on March 5, 1960 the iconic image of Che Guevara that became a worldwide symbol of revolution and rebellion. He never received any royalties for the image, because Castro did not recognize the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works.
In 2000, he sued Smirnoff over the use of the image in advertisement. Commenting on the illicit use of his photograph, the artist said, "As a supporter of the ideals for which Che Guevara died, I am not averse to its reproduction by those who wish to propagate his memory and the cause of social justice throughout the world, but I am categorically against the exploitation of Che's image for the promotion of products such as alcohol, or for any purpose that denigrates the reputation of Che". His out-of-court settlement of US $50,000 was donated to the Cuban healthcare system. He said,
"If Che were still alive, he would have done the same". However, he told a BBC World Service reporter that he did approve of the 1999 Che Jesus adaptation of the image used by the Churches Advertising Network to promote church attendance in the UK. The truth is that Korda gave the picture for free to Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, an Italian publisher who had published Doctor Zhivago and went on to publish Castro's diaries.
After the revolution, Korda became Fidel Castro's personal photographer for 10 years, accompanying Castro on trips and in meetings with foreign personalities. During this time he also took pictures of demonstrations, sugar cane harvests and factory scenes.
Other less-known Fidel Castro images by Korda include shots of Castro staring warily at a tiger in a New York zoo, playing golf and fishing with Che Guevara, skiing and hunting in Russia, and with Ernest Hemingway.
Korda's work also includes pictures of Castro's rebels riding into Havana after their triumph, and one known as The Quixote of the Lamp Post showing a Cuban wearing a straw hat and sitting on a lamp post against a sea of people during a rally.
Later life and death
From 1968 to 1978 he concentrated on underwater photography until a Japanese exhibition in 1978 stimulated international interest in his work. He appeared briefly in the pre-title sequence of Wim Wenders' film Buena Vista Social Club in 1999, although he was uncredited.
Korda suffered a fatal heart attack in Paris in 2001 while presenting an exhibition of his work. He is buried in the Colon Cemetery, Havana.


text:
Getting Started
- Check that the internal cabinetry dimensions are correct (see Diagram 1a/b).
- Unpack the refrigerator as per instructions on carton.
- Due to the size of the refrigerator(s), it is essential that assembly of the surround kit be undertaken with a minimum of two able- bodied persons.
- It is important to include adequate venting to the top of the refrigerator, to ensure efficient operation.
- The installation of the refrigerator(s) can be at floor level as shown in Diagram 1a or installed above the toe kick board as in Diagram 1b.
- Rollers and feet must be fitted.
- Refrigerators installed above the toe kit should have a floor base constructed to support the total weight of the loaded refrigerator(s) placed on it.
The placement of the 16mm MDF or plywood under the refrigerator(s) on either installation type is to allow the fitment of the bottom trim that covers it. It is optional.


text:
CIF - M11 Size 0 3P - 3P+N (125A-160A) metal enclosure
Fusible switches, are available from 32 to 800A in 2P - 3P - 3P+N (according to models) & 4P upon request.
They combine in a compact unit the function of a switch-disconnector with the protection against overloads and short-circuits given by the fuses. Protection against accidental over voltages in equipments connected between phase and neutral (our standard 3P+N) whit advanced switched neutral pole (early make – late break).


text:
You are here
Belgium: A Country of Permanent Immigration
Belgium is often overlooked as a country of immigration because of its size and its less known history of immigration. Yet over the last three decades Belgium has become a permanent country of settlement for many different types of migrants. Migration, asylum, and integration policies have largely been responsive in nature, reacting to circumstance, rather than pursuing a long-term vision. It is only in recent years that policymakers have started to develop new policies and legislation in a more consistent way. Public opinion, heated immigration debates, and a consistent rise of right-wing parties have no doubt played a role in this as well.
From Post-War Labor Migration to Permanent Settlement
The Benelux region has historically been highly mobile. In the aftermath of the two World Wars, and more intensively since the 1960s, Belgium set out to attract inflows of immigrant labor migration. Bilateral agreements were concluded with Southern European and Northern African countries as well as Turkey within a flexible work-permit regime accompanied by lenient family reunification rules.
By the end of the 1960s, the government had adopted a more restrictive labor migration policy, in response to the economic recession and rising unemployment at the time. In 1974, a formal cap was introduced to limit economic migration.
Separately, Belgium has served as the capital of the European Union since the end of the 1950s, hosting most of its institutions. As a result, increasing numbers of EU citizens have since then settled in Belgium, both temporarily and permanently. By now, EU citizens make up more than half of the total non-national population in Belgium.
After labor migration was limited, immigration to Belgium was mostly via family reunification and asylum. Since the 1990s, the number in asylum applications has steadily increased up until 2012; for the first time, applications for every month in 2012 so far have been lower than the same month in 2011.
The Belgian government designed both labor migration and asylum policy in response to circumstantial economic or humanitarian needs, without a long-term vision. The first effort towards more comprehensive immigration law was only introduced in 1980. Similarly, citizenship and integration policies were shaped in a laissez-faire way for decades. Only in recent years has the government begun reforming these policies, starting with asylum and family reunification. Additionally, the government decided to bring the competences for asylum and migration policies together under the auspices of a single Asylum and Migration State Secretary.
Finally, it is important to note that Belgium is a country of two linguistic and political realities. This has become increasingly conflictual over the last decade, partly demonstrated through the continuous rise of the right in Flanders. This dynamic has been largely absent in Wallonia. Migration policies seem not to have been directly affected by this tension. However, increased politicization of migration coupled with the inevitable need to consistently reform migration policy is pushing policymakers to develop more long-term policies for the future.
Breakdown of the Foreign Population
Immigrants made up almost 18 percent of the entire population in 2010. However, people without Belgian nationality represent only 10 percent (see Table 1) of the total population because of Belgium's flexible naturalization policy which has allowed for approximately 30,000 naturalizations annually. Citizens from the 27 EU Member States make up just over half of the total foreign population in Belgium, most of which are from the EU-15 (see Table 2). The immigrant population from Italy, France, and the Netherlands constitute more than 40 percent of the total immigrant population. Moroccans make up almost 8 percent and Turkish nearly 4 percent. These numbers present a somewhat skewed picture as non-EU nationals tend to naturalize more frequently than EU nationals.
In 1984, the Belgian Nationality Code established the principle of jus soli and simplified the process for naturalization; for example, after continuous residence of seven years people could declare their wish to naturalize. This legislation was amended several times, most drastically in 2000 (commonly known as the accelerated naturalization law or "snel-Belg-wet") when this residence requirement for naturalization was shortened to three years (and even to two years for stateless applicants and refugees).
Unlike other European countries such as the Netherlands or France, the Belgian Nationality Code has never stipulated any formal integration conditions. Since its entry into force, almost 800,000 people have acquired the Belgian nationality. Of those, the majority are third-country nationals. While more than three-quarters of Turkish and Northern African nationals acquire Belgian citizenship, this is the case for only 30 percent of the EU-27 nationals. The high proportion of naturalizations has led to a new proposal intended to tighten the existing naturalization conditions by introducing formal integration requirements including proof of economic participation and knowledge of language. It also increases the minimum residence to five years and broadens the possibilities for loss of citizenship. The proposal, which has been on the table for the last two years, has finally been approved by Parliament in October 2012 and is expected to enter into force on January 1, 2013.
Family Migration
Since the Belgian government limited economic migration in 1974, family migration represents nearly half of the overall immigration to Belgium, followed by refugees and students.
As with citizenship legislation, Belgium reformed its flexible family reunification policy in 2011. The new bill introduced stricter conditions for family reunification and a stronger legal framework to combat marriage fraud. As in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, the sponsor must prove that he or she possesses sufficient and independent income (120 percent of minimum wage), housing, and health insurance. Only partners and minor children qualify for family reunification, and the time period for demonstrating a stable relationship has doubled from one to two years. In addition, applicants must now meet certain integration criteria. No formal evaluation or data are available, but a decrease in approval rates has been confirmed since the adoption of the new law. The legislative implications of this new law have widely been recognized as controversial, and have raised questions of validity.
Student migration has been on the rise in Belgium and is expected to increase further. It makes up the second largest category after family migration, without taking into account humanitarian migration. Roughly 30,000 students (65 percent) of the total foreign student population in Belgium are from the European Union, and two-thirds from neighboring countries France and the Netherlands. Compared to the European average, Belgium receives a higher number of foreign students (see Tables 2 and 3), but receives a relatively similar proportion compared to its neighboring countries. Only the United Kingdom stands out, attracting 30 percent of the total foreign student population in Europe.
Asylum Seekers and Unauthorized Immigrants
The number of asylum seekers has been steadily rising in Belgium over the last three decades (see Figure 2). Asylum applications have peaked particularly throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, due in part to political instability in countries like former Yugoslavia and Iran. In peak years, Belgium received disproportionately high inflows compared to its neighboring countries (see Table 4), equal to about 11 percent of all asylum applications submitted in the European Union. Over the last decade, the main countries of origin have been Russia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Iraq, and Serbia.
Asylum applications in Belgium peaked in 2009-10 following the visa liberalization in the Western Balkans. This mostly concerned Roma minorities from Southern Serbia and from Macedonia whose applications were ineligible due to visa-free travel to the European Union. Belgium, together with other receiving countries such as Germany, requested to speed up negotiations on the proposal introducing a safety mechanism to the existing EU Visa Code Regulation for the temporary suspension of visa-free travel in case of an emergency situation. The Belgian government responded more concretely with dissuasion campaigns in the region and with the creation of a list of safe countries – to which Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Kosovo, Serbia, Montenegro, and India have been added – to improve and speed up asylum application procedures. For the first time, overall asylum applications for every month in 2012 so far have been lower than the same month in 2011.
The Belgian government has struggled to ensure sufficient capacity for receiving asylum seekers, particularly over the past decade. Before the 2007 Reception Law, no material support framework existed for asylum applicants beyond the admissibility phase of their asylum procedure. To respond to the increasing reception needs, the government has attempted to address this issue by providing more human and financial resources to structurally expand reception places and improve the process and follow-up of asylum procedures.
Similarly, policymakers have been struggling to respond to the growing issue of unauthorized migrants over the last two decades. There is no comprehensive data, but estimates put the numbers between 40,000 and 140,000 in 2007. Belgium has attempted to address this with a longstanding voluntary return policy in cooperation with the International Organization for Migration, bilateral readmission agreements, and scattered regularization programs, though a comprehensive approach is lacking. In 2009, new regularization (and integration) criteria were introduced, but the subsequent regularization campaign in 2009 has been received with mixed feelings by both supporters and opponents. Despite the government's intention to drastically respond to irregular migration, the new regularization criteria and campaign were very much a piecemeal approach to an issue which requires a comprehensive answer, not just legislatively but also structurally and financially.
Economic Migration and Labor Market Integration
The number of work permits issued by the Belgian government has decreased over time. Only 12 percent of all long-term permits issued in 2011 were for remunerated labor. This can be explained by two factors. Firstly, the Belgian government cancelled the bilateral work agreements and subsequent work permits in the 1970s. After this, work permits were limited to more highly skilled immigrant workers. Secondly, Belgium receives increasing numbers of EU free movement workers, who live and work in Belgium but do not require work or residence permits under the European free movement legislation. As a result, it is difficult to paint a complete picture of the total number of non-Belgian workers.
Overall, Belgium scores very low on labor market integration of third-country nationals compared to other European countries. There is a stark difference between the labor market integration of EU and non-EU nationals. According to 2011 Eurostat labor force data, less than 40 percent of the non-EU population in Belgium is employed as opposed to more than 60 percent of EU nationals – the lowest average of all its neighboring countries, and contrasting with an average of more than 50 percent employed third-country nationals in EU-27. Particularly non-EU women have very low employment rates: just over 25 percent are employed compared to an average of 45 percent employment rate of non-EU women across the EU-27. Additionally, non-EU immigrants in Belgium were hit harder by the economic crisis and unemployment in recent years than the native population, though EU citizens coming from Southern and Eastern Europe were also affected. One possible explanation for such low scores is that these numbers only represent those third-country nationals who have registered as either employed or unemployed. This also brings up the issue of Belgium's fairly large shadow economy and of potential economic activity that goes unregistered. Another reason why so few third-country nationals are employed may be Belgium's comparatively attractive unemployment benefits.
Integration on the Policy Agenda
For a long time, integration policies in Belgium were designed in an equally laissez-faire and ad hoc approach as the other migration and asylum policies. The Belgian government introduced integration as a policy concept as part of general migration legislation in the late 1980s, but without any formal or coercive requirements. Integration and reception became a competence of the communities, to which other policies regarding social inclusion were added, such as housing, urban planning and education.
In the 1990s, the Center for Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism was established, responsible for the promotion of equality of opportunity and to combat all forms of discrimination and exclusion. Integration Decrees were introduced in both communities in the mid-1990s. The integration policy in Wallonia has historically always been focused on social inclusion in general, while the Flemish approach has shifted from a minority policy in the 1990s and 2000s (similar to the Dutch example) to an overall inclusive policy regardless of origins in 2009. In both communities, integration supporting frameworks for language, access to the labor market and housing already exist, but both communities are considering defining their policies more extensively in the future.
At the regional level, cities have been steadily adapting to the increasingly multicultural environment regarding newcomer initiatives, language learning, etc. The 2012 regional elections are a testimony of the changing Belgian demography: almost all electoral lists had representatives from a migrant or minority background. Research has shown that migrants in Belgium identify themselves with their city and local environment more so than with the country of Belgium or a linguistic community. Even if a more right-wing wind might blow at the community level in Flanders, cities in both communities are likely to continue structurally approaching the social inclusion of their urban areas as a whole, regardless of the possible introduction of obligatory integration measurements.
The New Migration-Integration-Islam Debate
What makes overall migration and integration all the more complex in Belgium is its dual linguistic and political system. Historically, public opinion in Flanders has been much more (center-) right, while the public opinion in Wallonia has always been much more (center-) left. This has been reflected in the power balance between parties in the federal government. Recently, however, the political composition of the regional governments no longer corresponds with the composition of the federal government, as the Flemish government has shifted much more toward the right. This is likely to put the Belgian federal system under increasing pressure in the years to come.
In Flanders, public opinion has fueled a steady rise of the far right party Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest) in the last three decades. Nevertheless, both the Flemish and federal governments have been able to avoid Vlaams Belang from entering into both regional and national government – despite its electoral victories of up to a third of all votes – because of a consistent cordon sanitair, an agreement between all parties never to enter into government with Vlaams Belang at local, regional or federal level. Over the last decade, the non-xenophobic, right-wing, separatist party, N-VA (New Flemish Alliance), has increasingly acquired ground on the political scene at the expense of Vlaams Belang.
Overall, the migration-integration-Islam debate has been much more polemic and heated in Flanders than in Wallonia. If N-VA continues to gain influence in the future, they are expected to push for a more acceptable right-wing reform of migration policy. However, it is debatable whether the consistent rise of right-wing parties has had a direct effect on the recent legislative reforms regarding family reunification and citizenship. Firstly, these are federal competencies for which agreement from all communities – Belgium's linguistically-based political entities – is needed. Secondly, the reality of Belgian society today has pushed policymakers for more consistent reforms in migration and asylum policy, decided by the federal government, of which N-VA is not a part (yet). As a result, the current and future governments are likely to continue evaluating and reforming migration legislation in Belgium, not because of shifts in political party politics, but because of the concrete needs of a diverse and sustainable welfare society.
Belgium, a Country of Permanent Immigration
The evolution of migration, asylum, and integration policies in Belgium has shown that there is a clear need to think about these policies more holistically, comprehensively, and proactively at the federal, regional, and local levels – and several steps have already been taken in that direction. At the federal legislative level, important reforms have been passed (or are about to) regarding family reunification, asylum, and citizenship. Both the Flemish and French-speaking communities have reformed integration and social inclusion policies in the last decade, though this area remains a work in progress. Apart from newcomer integration frameworks, both communities are increasingly aware of the need for mainstream inclusive policies such as for education. The French-speaking community has passed a major education reform in 2006, postponing the beginning of secondary education (and the accompanying selection) to the age of 14 instead of 12, thereby extending general basic education for everyone. The Flemish community has been debating and attempting to implement such as reform since 2009, but this has been met with much resistance, especially from the center-right.
In the two biggest cities, demographic data is proof of the permanent diverse nature of Belgium: in Antwerp, nearly 38 percent of its population is of foreign origin, while approximately 18 percent have a foreign nationality; in Brussels, nearly 62 percent is of foreign origin and approximately 31 percent have a foreign nationality. The Brussels-Capital Region is of course extremely diverse not just because of general immigration, but also due to the vast community of European nationals working for the European institutions. The ratio of net migration is expected to stabilize over the next decades and even slightly decrease. Nevertheless, Belgium will need to accommodate the present and future permanent diverse character of its population, not in the least by improving both opportunities and outcomes in the education system and in the labor market of its entire population.
Aantal asielaanvragen blijft dalen. 2012. De Redactie. September 28, 2012. Available online.
Belgian Federal Justice Department. 1980. Law on access to the territory, residence, settlement and expulsion of foreigners. Available online.
Belgian Federal Justice Department. August 8, 1983. Law establishing a national registry of natural persons. Available online.
Belgian Federal Justice Department. June 28, 1984. Code of Belgian Nationality. Available online.
Belgian Federal Justice Department. 2000. Circular on the Law of 1 March 2000 amending certain provisions relating to the Belgian nationality. April 25, 2000. Available online.
Belgian Immigration Office. 2009. België stimuleert terugkeer van illegale vreemdelingen. Available online.
Belgian Chamber of Representatives, Plenary Session. April 28, 2011. Available online.
Centrum voor gelijkheid van kansen en voor racismebestrijding. 2011. Migratie Jaarverslag 2010. Available online.
Centrum voor gelijkheid van kansen en voor racismebestrijding. 2012. Migratie Jaarverslag 2011. Available online.
Council of the European Union. 2012. Press Release 3195th Council meeting Justice and Home Affairs. October 25-26, 2012. Available online.
EMN Belgium. 2012. Lijst veilige herkomstlanden goedgekeurd door ministerraad. March 23, 2012. Available online.
European Commission. 2011. Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Regulation (EC) No 539/2001 listing the third countries whose nationals must be in possession of visas when crossing the external borders and those whose nationals are exempt from that requirement. May 24, 2011. Available online.
European Statistical System (Eurostat). 2012. Belgium. Available online.
Ghijs, Inge. 2009. Marokkanen en Turken voelen zich nauwelijks Vlaming. De Standaard. November 23, 2009. Available online.
Hanseeuw, Laurent. 2012. Belgie, Immigratienatie: Statitieken en Evoluties. Itinera 9. May 15, 2012. Available online.
Kruispunt Migratie-Integratie. 2011. Nieuwsbrief Vreemdelingenrecht en Internationaal Privaatrecht. September 22, 2011. Available online.


text:
BERLIN- Stephen Decatur's varsity volleyball, rewarded this week with a number-three seed in the Class 3A-East region tournament, team opens its state playoff run tonight with a home match against Northeast High of Anne Arundel County.
The Seahawks, seeded third in the Class 3A-East Region tournament, which gets underway tonight, will face 14-seed Northeast at home. If Decatur advances, it will face the winner of the first-round match between Reservoir and Meade.
The Seahawks finished the regular season with an impressive 12-3 record. After splitting four early matches, Decatur won seven in a row at one point and 10 of its last 11 matches. The Seahawks were strong all season, with 10 of the 12 wins coming in 3-0 sweeps. On the season, Decatur won 41 individual games and lost just 12.


text:
Market Preview: Are China's Losses Driving Futures Prices?US - Weekly U.S. Market Preview w/e 13th July, provided by Steve R. Meyer, Ph.D., Paragon Economics, Inc.
Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) Lean Hogs futures prices surged upward on Thursday buoyed by rumors that China was shopping for pork in the United States. The rumors were not confirmed, but traders took August futures up the daily limit of $3.00 to close at $74.075, its highest level since June 19.
The limit move broke several key technical resistance items, including a former support line at $71.80 and the 50-day moving average at $73.18. Though not up the daily limit, the other deferred CME Lean Hogs contracts also broke through key technical resistance.
This could well be a wonderful opportunity for pork producers who failed to price hogs during earlier rallies. While it would be nice for October and December to hit new highs, waiting that long may not be prudent. October is back above $68.50 and December ended the day at $67.00. Those prices are clearly back in the black, given the recent decline in corn prices.
Back to China, I don't know whether to believe the rumors or not. We do know that China's pig industry has been hit hard by "fever disease" or "blue ear" or a new strain of porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome or something. Earlier reports had indicated 20 million pigs had died. That would be devastating here, but that's only about 5% of China's herd. Saying "only" is not intended to minimize the importance of such a loss, if it has occurred. Rather, it's an effort to keep the loss in the perspective of China's enormous pork industry.
I have been thinking that something must be brewing on the chicken export front, given what has happened to leg quarter prices. Figure 1 shows the rally of these prices to record high levels in recent weeks. That has occurred as chicken production has increased by 2.4%, 3.1% and 4.5%, respectively, for the past three weeks. Inventories of chicken legs and leg quarters on May 31 (the last data available) were at 59% and 74%, respectively, of year-ago levels, so this product is moving somewhere and that usually means exports.
Export data, of course, runs two months in arrears, so all we know at present is that chicken exports through April were down 4.6%. May data will be released on Friday.
Weaned Pig Price Slippage
Another reason that I am urging producers to look at pricing opportunities on this rally in Lean Hogs futures is what has been happening in the weaned pig and feeder pig markets. Figure 2 shows spot prices and weighted average prices (includes pigs sold under contracts) for weaned pigs and 40-lb. feeders. Note that the weaned pig spot price reported by USDA reached a low for the life of this USDA report at $24.57/head the week of June 15, and that low twice was broken again with last week's price plunging below $20/head. The decline in 40-lb. pig prices is nearly as dramatic though they have not reached a low for the life of this USDA report -- at least not yet.
Declining weaned pig and feeder pig prices are nothing new for June and July as the normal seasonal low occurs in August. But this decline is larger and faster than normal and has occurred as cash and futures prices for corn have fallen -- a change that should have bolstered weaned pig and feeder pig prices. Pig numbers in the USDA reports have not been large by historical standards, but it could be that there are larger numbers of unreported pigs. There's no good way to know that except by seeing what the reported prices are doing.
Extremely low pig prices tell me that there were plenty of pigs farrowed from mid-May through late June. If that is so, slaughter in mid-November through December could be higher than anticipated.
It all fits with my concerns about larger supplies due to effective and available circovirus vaccines. Whether demand from China, or wherever, is strong enough to overcome larger numbers remains to be seen.


text:
Liberals brag about having won the hearts and minds of America, as if, through logic and argument, they've persuaded people to accept their bankrupt European socialist ideas.
Democrats haven't changed anyone's mind. They changed the people.
More white people voted for Mitt Romney this year than voted for Ronald Reagan in 1980. Barack Obama lost white voters by 20 points — the widest margin since 1984.
But in 1980, whites were 88 percent of the electorate. In 2012, they were 72 percent of the electorate. Not only that, but the non-white electorate is far more Democratic than it was in 1980.
If the same country that voted in 1980 had voted in 2012, Romney would have won a bigger landslide than Reagan did.
Most Americans don't realize that, decades ago, the Democrats instituted a long-term plan to gradually turn the United States into a Third World nation. The country would become poorer and less free, but Democrats would have an unbeatable majority!
Under Teddy Kennedy's 1965 immigration act, our immigration policy changed from one that replicated the existing ethnic population to one that strictly favored unskilled immigrants from the Third World. Since 1968, 85 percent of legal immigrants have come from what is euphemistically called "developing countries."
We can't admit computer scientists from Spain fleeing their failing socialist nation because we have to make room for a recent Senegalese immigrant's brother-in-law with no skills but great needs.
Jonas Salk's parents would be unable to immigrate to America today. But the good news is: Rich liberals and soulless businessmen have no trouble finding cheap busboys, gardeners and nannies! (Whom they underpay, requiring taxpayers to make up the difference.)
If yuppies had to compete with well-educated European immigrants, they might be a little less enlightened on the immigration question. As it is, only unskilled workers, mostly blacks and Latinos, are harmed by our immigration policies.
Because recent immigrants have no skills, they arrive in dire need of government assistance. Their desperation has been an enormous boon to the Democratic Party.
Thirty-nine percent of native households receive some form of government assistance. By contrast, 57 percent of immigrant households — legal immigrants — get government assistance. We can't do anything about the native population, but why on Earth is America taking in immigrants who require taxpayer support?
If you come to America and immediately go on welfare, by definition, you are not a desirable immigrant. Except as a voter for the Democratic Party.
In the last 40 years, California's non-Hispanic white population has been cut in half, from 80 percent to 40 percent. Meanwhile, the Hispanic population has exploded from less than 10 percent to nearly 40 percent — mostly poor Mexicans.
And with that change, California went from being the state that produced anti-tax initiatives, Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan to a state that is absolutely untouchable by Republicans (see Meg Whitman and Carly Fiorina) and just enacted the highest tax rate in any state.
The same has happened, or is happening, to other states, such as Colorado, New Mexico, Illinois and New York. If Texas ever flips, Republicans will never win another presidential election. The two major political parties will be the Nancy Pelosi Democratic Party and the Chuck Schumer Democratic Party.
Republicans' low-tax, small-government philosophy will eventually become popular with today's struggling Hispanics, but not before America is ruined with socialist policies promoted by populist hucksters so strangely beguiling to poor people the world over.
Even when they agree with Republicans on the issues, poor immigrants tend to vote tribally. It's perfectly possible to get the following answers from a recent immigrant:
— How do you feel about abortion?
It's taking a life.
— What should we do about criminals?
Lock them up and throw away the key.
— Do you support raising taxes?
No, the government takes too much already.
— How do you feel about overpaid, well-pensioned government workers with no-show jobs?
It ticks me me off.
— Do you support gay marriage?
Absolutely not.
— How are you going to vote?
Many recent immigrants oppose abortion, gay marriage and big government. The problem is that poor, uneducated people — the Democratic base — are easily demagogued into voting "for the race."
A white person can vote for a Republican or a Democrat without anyone saying to him, "HOW CAN YOU VOTE AGAINST YOUR RACE?" But that is exactly how poor Hispanics and blacks are pressured into voting Democratic.
Noticeably, the No. 1 issue Obama had in his favor this year was not his record of accomplishment. It was that a majority of voters agreed with the statement: Obama "cares for people like me." That's how Hugo Chavez got elected.
Running Hispanics won't help Republicans. Ask Gary Franks, Lynn Swann or Michael Steele if being black won them the black vote.
Promoting amnesty won't help — ask John McCain, who won about the same percentage of the Hispanic vote as Romney did.
Or ask California's Hispanics, only 4 percent of whom oppose Republican immigration policies. Their main beef with the GOP is that they view Republicans as "the rich."
The only hope is to run another appealing Republican candidate in four years — when we're not up against an incumbent president — and return our immigration policy to one that helps America and not just the Welfare Party.


text:
At the the Cosmetic Ingredient Review's (CIR) 108th Expert Panel meeting, it approved fumaric acid at 5%; requested more data on Basic Violet 3, 1 and 4; deemed licorice extract and allantoin safe; reviewed the article claiming a link between moisturizers and UVB-induced tumors; and requested a carcinogenicity study on toluene-3,4-diamine as a hair dye ingredient.
The panel approved the use of the fumaric acid group in cosmetic formulations not exceeding a concentration of 5%. Though this concentration is below the 24% of diisostearyl fumarate reported in lipsticks, the panel noted that, "for such a high concentration to be considered safe, interested parties should provide human repeat insult patch test data demonstrating that such a concentration in formulation is not sensitizing."
The CIR made final safety assessments of Basic Violet 3, allantoin, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) leaf extract, maltitol, maltitol laurate, methylisothiazolinone, and Zea mays (corn) oil. The reviewers found allantoin, licorice extract, maltitol, maltitol laurate, methylisothiazolinone and Zea mays (corn) oil and their related complexes safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentrations given in the assessment. Basic Violet 3, 1 and 4 were found to have insufficient data to support their safety in hair dye. The review called for more information.
The reviewers also made final amended safety assessments on Cocos nucifera (coconut) oil, Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seed oil, sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium picramate, picramic acid and tall oil acid. All of these ingredients and their complexes were deemed safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration given in the assessment.
Tentative amended safety assessments were made on cocamidopropyl betaine, cellulose, cellulose polymers, sodium myreth sulfate and toluene-2,5-diamine. Cocamidopropyl betaine was found safe in the present concentrations, provided that the content of DMAPA and amidoamine are not high enough to induce sensitization. Cellulose and cellulose polymers and their complexes were deemed safe in current concentrations. Similarly, sodium myreth sulfate and its complexes were found to be safe at current concentrations, provided that they are formulated to be non-irritating. Although the panel found toluene-2,5-diamine and toluene-2,5-diamine sulfate safe as hair dye ingredients at current concentrations, it found insufficient data to support the safety of toluene-3,4-diamine as a hair dye ingredient. The panel called for a 2-year dermal carcinogenicity studying using the methods of the National Toxicology Program.
The panel will re-review ethylester of PVM/MA copolymer, sesame oil ans sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and their complexes. In addition re-review summaries were approved for chlorhexidine group, acetamide MEA and methenamine. There are new scientific literature reviews available for quaternijm-15 and xylene. Persons interested in reviewing or commenting on the reviews of available safety tests and related data on these ingredients have 60 days to do so.
The panel reviewed the Le et al. article titled "Tumorigenic Effect of Some Commonly Used Moisturizing Creams when Applied Topically to UVB-Pretreated High-Risk Mice" in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology and noted, "The hairless mice used in the study have skin that is not at all like human skin, and, as the study authors state, making any suggestion about the implications for human skin isn't possible."
Two reports on butyl myristate and dilauryl thiodipropionate and their complexes were tabled. The next CIR meeting will take place on Dec. 8-9, 2008, at which time the panel will review a numbe of PEGs, sodium cocoyl isethionate and HC Yellow No. 2. For more information, visit www.cir-safety.org.


text:
I love orchids, and this year for the first time I went to the Pacific Orchid Expo in San Francisco. I saw some amazing plants and flowers. I left the event very inspired and decided to try the technique many growers use of mounting the orchids on branches or boards, where they can hang vertically. Orchids love being suspended because it allows their roots to drain freely. The visual effect is beautiful, and allows gardeners to make the most of small spaces. Try to find some coco fiber instead of dirt for this project; orchids thrive in it, and it is also very lightweight.
Sphagnum moss
Small amount of dirt or coco fiber
Fiskars Floral Shears
18-gauge floral wire
Step 1: Wait until the orchid you want to plant has finished blooming, then cut the stem at the base. Remove the plant from its pot and shake loose any bark or dirt from its roots.
Step 2: Loop a length of wire around 2 opposite corners of the board. Twist the 2 ends of the wire together in the back.
Step 3: Next, lay a pile of sphagnum moss on the center of the board. Then add a handful of dirt on top. Add the orchid to the pile on the board. Cover it with a second handful of dirt, and a final layer of moss.
Step 4: Secure it to the board with wire. Wrap wire back and forth, starting at one of the pre-wired corner. Lace the new length of wire across the moss and orchid several times. Tug the wires tight to cinch them down and hold the plant against the board firmly. The board can be hung indoors or out.
2 thoughts on "How to Plant an Orchid Vertically"
Hey is this serious?
Comments are closed.