text:
|14 years
|+1d4 years
(15 - 18 years)
|+1d6 years
(15 - 20 years)
|+2d6 years
(16 - 26 years)
1 This category includes barbarians, oracles, rogues, and sorcerers.
2 This category includes bards, cavaliers, fighters, gunslingers, paladins, rangers, summoners, and witches.
3 This category includes alchemists, clerics, druids, inquisitors, magi, monks, and wizards.
|Base Height
|Height Modifier
|Base Weight
|Weight Modifier
|4 ft. 10 in.
|+2d12 in.
(5 ft - 6 ft. 10 in.)
|150 lbs.
|+(2d12×7 lbs.)
(164 - 318 lbs.)
|4 ft. 5 in.
|+2d12 in.
(4 ft. 7 in. - 6 ft. 5 in.)
|110 lbs.
|+(2d12×7 lbs.)
(124 - 278 lbs.)
As seen by civilized races, half-orcs are monstrosities, the result of perversion and violence—whether or not this is actually true. Half-orcs are rarely the result of loving unions, and as such are usually forced to grow up hard and fast, constantly fighting for protection or to make names for themselves. Half-orcs as a whole resent this treatment, and rather than play the part of the victim, they tend to lash out, unknowingly confirming the biases of those around them. A few feared, distrusted, and spat-upon half-orcs manage to surprise their detractors with great deeds and unexpected wisdom—though sometimes it's easier just to crack a few skulls. Some half-orcs spend their entire lives proving to full-blooded orcs that they are just as fierce. Others opt for trying to blend into human society, constantly demonstrating that they aren't monsters. Their need to always prove themselves worthy encourages half-orcs to strive for power and greatness within the society around them.
Physical Description: Half-orcs average around 6 feet tall, with powerful builds and greenish or grayish skin. Their canine teeth often grow long enough to protrude from their mouths, and these "tusks," combined with heavy brows and slightly pointed ears, give them their notoriously bestial appearance. While half-orcs may be impressive, few ever describe them as beautiful. Despite these obvious orc traits, half-orcs are as varied as their human parents.
Society: Unlike half-elves, where at least part of society's discrimination is born out of jealousy or attraction, half-orcs get the worst of both worlds: physically weaker than their orc kin, they also tend to be feared or attacked outright by humans who don't bother making the distinction between full orcs and half bloods. Even on the best of terms, half-orcs in civilized societies are not exactly accepted, and tend to be valued only for their physical abilities. On the other hand, orc leaders have been known to deliberately spawn half-orcs, as the half breeds make up for their lack of physical strength with increased cunning and aggression, making them natural leaders and strategic advisors. Within orc tribes, half-orcs find themselves constantly striving to prove their worth in battle and with feats of strength. Half-orcs raised within orc tribes are more likely to file their tusks and cover themselves in tribal tattoos. Tribal leaders quietly recognize that half-orcs are often more clever than their orc cousins and often apprentice them to the tribe's shaman, where their cunning might eventually strengthen the tribe. Apprenticeship to a shaman is a brutal and often short-lived distinction, however, and those half-orcs who survive it either become influential in the tribe or are eventually driven to leave.
Half-orcs have a much more mixed experience in human society, where many cultures view them as little more than monsters. They often are unable even to get normal work, and are pressed into service in the military or sold into slavery. In these cultures, half-orcs often lead furtive lives, hiding their nature whenever possible. The dark underworld of society is often the most welcoming place, and many half-orcs wind up serving as enforcers for thieves guilds or other types of organized crime. Less commonly, human cities may allow half-orcs a more normal existence, even enabling them to develop small communities of their own. These communities are usually centered around the arena districts, the military, or mercenary organizations where their brute strength is valued and their appearance is more likely to be overlooked. Even surrounded by their own kind, half-orc life isn't easy. Bullying and physical confrontation comes easy to a people who have been raised with few other examples of behavior. It is, however, one of the best places for young half-orcs to grow up without prejudice, and these small enclaves are one of the few places where half-orc marriages and children are truly accepted and sometimes cherished.
Even more rarely, certain human cultures come to embrace half-orcs for their strength. There are stories of places where people see half-orc children as a blessing and seek out half-orc or orc lovers. In these cultures, half-orcs lead lives not much different from full-blooded humans.
Relations: Elves and dwarves tend to be the least accepting of half-orcs, seeing in them too great a resemblance to their racial enemies, and other races aren't much more understanding. A lifetime of persecution leaves the average half-orc wary and quick to anger, yet people who break through his savage exterior might find a well-hidden core of empathy. Human societies with few orc problems tend to be the most accommodating, and half-orcs dwelling there can often find work as mercenaries and enforcers. Even in places where there is a general tolerance for half-orcs, however, many humans mistreat them when they can get away with it.
Half-orcs are envious of the measure of acceptance half-elves have within human and elven society and resent their physical beauty, which contrasts starkly to the half-orcs' brutish appearance. While half-orcs avoid antagonizing their half-breed cousins directly, they won't hesitate to undermine them if the opportunity presents itself.
Of all the other races, half-orcs are most sympathetic with halflings, who often have an equally rough lot in life. Half-orcs respect the halfling's ability to blend in and disappear and admire their perpetually cheerful outlook on life in spite of hardships. Halflings fail to appreciate this fact because they usually are too busy avoiding the large, intimidating half-orcs.
Alignment and Religion: Forced to live either among brutish orcs or as lonely outcasts in civilized lands, most half-orcs are bitter, violent, and reclusive. Evil comes easily to them, but they are not evil by nature—rather, most half-orcs are chaotic neutral, having been taught by long experience that there's no point doing anything but that which directly benefits themselves. Half-orcs worship the human or orc gods venerated in the area where they were raised. Those who live alongside humans most often worship human gods of war, freedom, or destruction. Half-orcs raised in orc tribes find themselves most drawn to the gods of blood, fire, and iron—depending more on what god the tribe worships rather than the half-orcs' personal preference. Many half-orcs are contrary about religion, either ignoring it entirely, or getting deeply involved in it and trying to find meaning in a life filled with hate and misunderstanding; even a half-orc divine spellcaster may wrestle with doubt and anger about religion and faith.
Adventurers: Staunchly independent, many half-orcs take to lives of adventure out of necessity, seeking to escape their painful pasts or improve their lot through force of arms. Others, more optimistic or desperate for acceptance, take up the mantle of crusaders in order to prove their worth to the world. Half-orcs raised in orc societies often take up the brutish ways of those around them, becoming fighters, barbarians, or rangers. Half-orcs who survive their shaman training may eventually succeed their masters as tribal shamans, or flee the tribe and practice their magic as outcasts or explorers.
Half-orcs are just as likely to have children that possess an innate talent for sorcery as any other race, with the abyssal, destined, and elemental (fire) bloodlines being the most common types of sorcerers. Half-orcs are fascinated by alchemy, and its destructive capabilities make its usefulness obvious in any orc tribe. Half-orc alchemists treat themselves as living experiments, even to the point of trying to separate their orc and human halves through alchemy. Other alchemists use their powers to enhance their physical abilities and thus increase their status within orc communities.
In human societies, half-orcs have a few more options. Many find it easy to take advantage of the brute strength and work as mercenaries or caravan guards. Crime is another easy route for half-orcs, as there are plenty of criminals looking for a strong arm. Half-orc clerics in human communities are fairly rare; the more religious half-orcs more often turn to (or get pushed to) the martial aspects of religious service and become paladins or inquisitors. Half-orcs usually lack the patience and money required to become a wizard.
Males names: Ausk, Davor, Hakak, Kizziar, Makoa, Nesteruk, Tsadok.
Female names: Canan, Drogheda, Goruza, Mazon, Shirish, Tevaga, Zeljka.
Standard Racial Traits
- Ability Score Racial Traits: Half-orc characters gain a +2 bonus to one ability score of their choice at creation to represent their varied nature.
- Type: Half-orcs are Humanoid creatures with both the human and orc subtypes.
- Size: Half-orcs are Medium creatures and thus have no bonuses or penalties due to their size.
- Base Speed: Half-orcs have a base speed of 30 feet.
- Languages: Half-orcs begin play speaking Common and Orc. Half-orcs with high Intelligence scores can choose from the following: Abyssal, Draconic, Giant, Gnoll, and Goblin. See the Linguistics skill page for more information about these languages.
Feat and Skill Racial Traits
- Intimidating: Half-orcs receive a +2 racial bonus on Intimidate checks due to their fearsome nature.
Offense Racial Traits
- Orc Ferocity: Once per day, when a half-orc is brought below 0 hit points but not killed, he can fight on for 1 more round as if disabled. At the end of his next turn, unless brought to above 0 hit points, he immediately falls unconscious and begins dying.
- Weapon Familiarity: Half-orcs are proficient with greataxes and falchions and treat any weapon with the word "orc" in its name as a martial weapon.
Senses Racial Traits
- Darkvision: Half-orcs can see in the dark up to 60 feet.
Other Racial Traits
Alternate Racial Traits
The following alternate racial traits may be selected in place of one or more of the standard racial traits above. Consult your GM before selecting any of these new options.
- Acute Darkvision: Some half-orcs have exceptionally sharp darkvision, gaining darkvision 90 feet. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity. FAQ: Can I select this racial trait if I have a racial trait that replaces darkvision? No. You need to have darkvision as a racial trait in order to select acute darkvision as a racial trait. [Source]
- Beastmaster: Some half-orcs have a spiritual kinship with fantastical beasts, capturing them for sport or living and hunting with them. A half-orc with this trait treats whips and nets as martial weapons and gains a +2 racial bonus on Handle Animal checks. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity.
- Behind the Veil (1 RP): Characters with this trait gain a +2 bonus on Bluff and Sleight of Hand checks while benefiting from concealment or cover. Half-orcs can take this trait in place of intimidating, also gaining the shadow blending fetchling racial trait. Source PPC:BoS
- Bestial: The orc blood of some half-orcs manifests in the form of particularly prominent orc features, exacerbating their bestial appearances but improving their already keen senses. They gain a +2 racial bonus on Perception checks. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity.
- Burning Assurance (from the Desert): Half-orcs from desert terrain lack the chip on their shoulder that many others of their kind acquire as a result of prejudice, and their self-confidence puts others at ease. Desert half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +2 racial bonus on Diplomacy checks. This racial trait replaces the intimidating racial trait. Source: BOG
- Cavewight: Some half-orcs live far below the surface, seeking freedom in winding cave complexes. Half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +1 racial bonus on Knowledge (dungeoneering) and Survival checks made underground. This racial trait replaces the intimidating racial trait.
- Chain Fighter: Some half-orcs have escaped from slavery and reforged the chains of their imprisonment into deadly weapons. Half-orcs with this racial trait are proficient with flails and heavy flails, and treat dire flails and spiked chains as martial weapons. This racial trait replaces weapon familiarity.
- City-Raised: Half-orcs with this trait know little of their orc ancestry and were raised among humans and other half-orcs in a large city. City-raised half-orcs are proficient with whips and longswords, and receive a +2 racial bonus on Knowledge (local) checks. This racial trait replaces weapon familiarity.
- Cliffside Charger (from the Mountains): Half-orcs from mountainous terrain are accustomed to traveling in the steep terrain of their mountain homes. When in mountain terrain, mountain half-orcs with this racial trait can move through natural difficult terrain at their normal speed; magically altered terrain affects them normally. In addition, they gain a +10 foot racial bonus to their speed while charging. This racial trait replaces the orc ferocity and weapon familiarity racial traits. Source: BOG
- Dimdweller (2 RP): Whenever characters with this trait benefit from concealment or full concealment due to darkness or dim light, they gain a +2 racial bonus on Intimidate, Perception, and Stealth checks. Half-orcs can take this trait in place of weapon familiarity. Source PPC:BoS
- Divided Attention: Half-orcs must learn to divide their attention among multiple threats to stay alive, since both humans and orcs often attempt to put them in their place. Half-orcs gain a +1 dodge bonus to AC against foes who flank them. This racial trait replaces intimidating and orc ferocity. Source PCS:ISR
- Dragon Sight (2 RP): Half-orcs with this trait gain some of the keen senses of dragonkind. They have darkvision with a range of 120 feet. This replaces darkvision and intimidating. Source PPC:LoD
- Dragon Slayer (2 RP): Some half-orcs train to defend their kind against dragons that would take advantage of or enslave them. Half-orcs with this trait gain a +2 dodge bonus to their AC against dragons and a +1 racial bonus on attack rolls against dragons. This trait replaces orc ferocity. Source PPC:LoD
- Dusksight (2 RP): When making ranged attacks, characters with this trait can reroll the miss chance granted by cover to any target in dim light, and take the better of the two rolls. The miss chance for total concealment applies normally. Half-orcs can take this trait in place of weapon familiarity, also gaining low-light vision. Source PPC:BoS
- Evader (from the Underdark): Having lived all your life at the mercy of savage underworld creatures, you've developed a knack for finding your way about silently in the dark. You gain a +5 racial bonus on Survival checks to avoid becoming lost, and a +1 racial bonus on Stealth checks. This racial trait replaces the intimidating racial trait. Source: BOG
- Fey Magic (2 RP): The character has a mystic connection to one terrain type, selected from the ranger's favored terrain list. The character selects three 0-level druid spells and one 1st-level druid spell. If the character has a Charisma score of 11 or higher, when in the selected terrain, she gains these spells as spell-like abilities that can be cast once per day. The caster level for these effects is equal to the user's character level. The DC for the spell-like abilities is equal to 10 + the spell's level + the user's Charisma modifier. These spells are treated as being from a fey source for the purposes of the druid's resist nature's lure class feature and similar abilities. This trait replaces orc ferocity. Source: HotW
- Fey Thoughts (1 RP): Select two of the following skills: Acrobatics, Bluff, Climb, Diplomacy, Disguise, Escape Artist, Fly, Knowledge (nature), Perception, Perform, Sense Motive, Sleight of Hand, Stealth, Swim, or Use Magic Device. The selected skills are always class skills for the character. This trait replaces racial weapon familiarity. Source: HotW
- Forest Walker: More at home in the forests and jungles of the world, these half-orcs are well adapted to their surroundings. Half-orcs with this trait have low-light vision and gain a +2 racial bonus on Climb checks. This racial trait replaces darkvision.
- Gatecrasher: Many half-orcs revel in acts of wanton destruction. Half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +2 racial bonus on Strength checks to break objects and on sunder combat maneuver checks. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity.
- Hatred: Half-orcs raised among orcs must prove themselves against their people's enemies. Half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +1 racial bonus on attack rolls against humanoids of the dwarf, elf, and human subtypes because of their special training against these hated foes. This racial trait replaces intimidating and orc ferocity.Source PPC:AoE
- Human-Raised: Some half-orcs raised as humans lack their cousins' ferocity and training in orc weapons, but pick up a bit of their human parents' skills. They gain the human's skilled racial trait. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity and weapon familiarity. Source PCS:ISR
- Inured: Half-orcs raised by orcs often become desensitized to the violence around them. Half-orcs with this trait gain a +4 bonus on Will saving throws to avoid sanity damage caused by encountering monsters, extreme violence, or death. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity. Source PRG:HA
- Low-Light Vision (1 RP): Feyborn half-orcs gain low-light vision. This trait replaces darkvision. Source: HotW
- Monstrous Sympathy: Some half-orcs know how monsters think. They receive a +2 racial bonus on Bluff, Diplomacy, and Sense Motive checks against evil creatures. This racial trait replaces intimidating and orc ferocity. Source PRG:HA
- Orc Atavism: Some half-orcs have much stronger orc blood than human blood. Such half-orcs count as only half-orcs and orcs (not also humans) for any effect related to race. They gain a +2 bonus to Strength and a –2 penalty to one mental ability score of their choice. Finally, they gain the ferocity universal monster ability. This racial trait replaces the half-orc's usual racial ability score modifiers, as well as intimidating, orc blood, and orc ferocity. Source PCS:ISR
- Overlooked Mastermind: Some half-orcs use half-orcs' brutish stereotypes to their advantage, causing others to underestimate their intelligence and scheming. Such half-orcs gain a +2 racial bonus on Bluff, Diplomacy, and Sense Motive checks. This bonus increases to +4 against other humanoids. They also receive a +2 racial bonus on Bluff checks to feign ignorance and Sense Motive checks to intercept secret messages, and this stacks with the above bonus. This racial trait replaces intimidating, orc ferocity, and weapon familiarity. Source PCS:ISR
- Pain Tolerance: Some half-orcs have an increased tolerance for pain. They gain DR 1/— against nonlethal damage and receive a +2 racial bonus on saving throws against spells and spell-like effects with the pain descriptor. This racial trait replaces intimidating and orc ferocity. Source PRG:HA
- Pariah: While many cultures discriminate against half-orcs, in some, particularly dwarven communities, half-orcs are complete social pariahs. It goes without saying that such a culture does not provide outlets for a half-orc to practice with traditional orc weapons. The few half-orcs who survive to adulthood in such harsh social climates are deeply scarred by their abusive treatment and find it hard to express and understand normal emotions. Such half-orcs gain a +2 racial bonus on saving throws against emotion and fear effects and a –2 penalty on Bluff, Diplomacy, and Sense Motive checks. This racial trait replaces weapon familiarity. Source PCS:ISR
- Poison Minion (4 RP): Drow sometimes augment their slaves and frontline warriors by making them toxic, causing their bodies to internally produce mawbane poison (see below). The resulting poisonous creature makes a potent weapon in the effort to discourage neighboring monsters. Any creature that hits such a character with a bite attack is immediately exposed to its poison. The save DC for this poison is equal to 10 + 1/2 the character's Hit Dice + the character's Constitution modifier. Mawbane Poison—ingested; save Fortitude as above; frequency 1/round for 4 rounds; effect 1d2 Constitution damage; cure 1 save. Half-orcs can take this trait in place of orc ferocity and weapon familiarity. Source PPC:BoS
- Projection: Some half-orcs channel negative emotions through magic. The DCs of any saving throws against spells with the fear or pain descriptor they cast increase by 1. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity and weapon familiarity. Source PRG:HA
- Rock Climber: Half-orcs from mountainous regions are excellent climbers, and sometimes ambush prey by leaping down from above. Half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +1 racial bonus on Acrobatics and Climb checks. This racial trait replaces the intimidating trait.
- Sacred Tattoo: Many half-orcs decorate themselves with tattoos, piercings, and ritual scarification, which they consider sacred markings. Half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +1 luck bonus on all saving throws. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity.
- Scavenger: Some half-orcs eke out a leaving picking over the garbage heaps of society, and must learn to separate rare finds from the inevitable dross. Half-orcs with this racial trait receive a +2 racial bonus on Appraise checks and on Perception checks to find hidden objects (including traps and secret doors), determine whether food is spoiled, or identify a potion by taste. This racial trait replaces the intimidating trait.
- Sea Raider: Half-orcs frequently take up sailing as pirates, raiders, and fishers, where they are known as tenacious fighters. They gain a +2 racial bonus on Profession (sailor) checks and Craft checks to repair ships, and a +1 racial bonus on damage rolls against foes and objects in or on top of the water. This racial trait replaces darkvision. Source PCS:ISR
- Shadowhunter (2 RP): Characters with this trait deal 50% weapon damage to incorporeal creatures when using non-magical weapons (including natural and unarmed attacks), as if using magic weapons. They also gain a +2 bonus on saving throws to remove negative levels, and recover physical ability damage from attacks by undead creatures at a rate of 2 points per ability score per day (rather than the normal 1 point per ability score per day). Half-orcs can take this trait in place of their bonus feat, also gaining Iron Will as a bonus feat. Source PPC:BoS
- Shadowplay (1 RP): Characters with this trait cast spells with the darkness, light, or shadow descriptor at +1 caster level. Half-orcs can take this trait in place of intimidating, also gaining the gnome's illusion resistance racial trait. Source PPC:BoS
- Shaman's Apprentice: Only the most stalwart survive the years of harsh treatment that an apprenticeship to an orc shaman entails. Half-orcs with this trait gain Endurance as a bonus feat. This racial trait replaces the intimidating trait.
- Skilled: Second- and third-generation half-orcs often favor their human heritage more than their orc heritage. Half-orcs with this trait gain 1 additional skill rank per level. This racial trait replaces darkvision.
- Smog Sight: Half-orcs with this racial trait can see double the normal range in dense fog and smoke (including magic effects like obscuring mist) and ignore concealment from smoke or fog for targets within 5 feet. This racial trait replaces darkvision. Source PRG:HA
- Squalid: Some half-orcs exist in surroundings so filthy and pestilent that even orcs would have difficulty living in them. Half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +2 racial bonus on saving throws made to resist nausea, the sickened condition, and disease. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity.
- Stoic: Some half-orcs learn to suppress their strong emotions. They don't usually gain morale bonuses, but instead gain a +2 racial bonus on saving throws against emotion and fear effects, and the DC to intimidate them increases by 2. They can choose to gain morale bonuses when they would normally be able to do so, but if they do, they lose the benefits from this racial trait for 24 hours. This racial trait replaces intimidating and orc ferocity. Source PRG:HA
- Toothy: Some half-orcs' tusks are large and sharp, granting a bite attack. This is a primary natural attack that deals 1d4 points of piercing damage. This racial trait replaces orc ferocity.
- Unflinching Valor (from cold regions): Many fearsome arctic predators consider young frostkin easy prey, but some frostkin manage to surpass their fear and fight off these beasts in time for help to arrive. Winter half-orcs with this racial trait gain a +2 racial bonus on saving throws against fear effects, and a +1 racial bonus to CMD to avoid being grappled. This racial trait replaces the intimidating racial trait. Source: BOG
- Voice in the Darkness (2 RP): Prerequisite(s): Charisma 13+. Characters who practice coercion and intimidation in the Underworld or on the Shadow Plane learn to do so in dim light or no light at all. As long as they are in dim light or darker conditions, characters with this trait gain a +2 bonus on Intimidate and Stealth checks. Half-orcs can take this trait in place of intimidating. Source PPC:BoS
- Warded Skin (from the Jungle): Half-orcs from jungles are often protected by elaborate tattoos that redirect demonic magic. Jungle half-orcs with this racial trait gain spell resistance against divine magic equal to 6 + their level. Additionally, divine spells cast on them by demon worshipers have a 10% chance of failure. This racial trait replaces the orc ferocity racial trait. Source: BOG
- War-Leader: Some orcs seek out human mates in hopes of birthing intelligent leaders for their interminable war efforts. When nature and luck smile upon this endeavor and a half-orc child shows cunning, that child is raised with many harrowing opportunities to learn how to best lead on the battlefield. Such half-orcs gain a +2 bonus on Diplomacy and Profession (soldier) checks as well as to their Leadership score (for the purpose of the Leadership feat). Armies they control in mass combat gain a +1 bonus to Morale. This racial trait replaces darkvision and orc ferocity. Source PCS:ISR
Racial Subtypes
You can combine various alternate racial traits to create subraces or variant races, such as the following.
- Arena-Bred: Many half-orcs are born and raised to fight in the arena, and in many cases have two half-orc parents or even a half-orc and a human parent. These arena-bred half-orcs lose the brutal physical appearance of their orc ancestors and look more human. They have the city-raised and skilled alternate racial traits.
- Deep Kin: Some half-orcs are descended from clans that remained in the eternal darkness below the surface. Half-orcs from these clans tend to be smaller and more at home underground than those descended from surface-dwelling orcs. These half-orcs have the acute darkvision and cavewight alternate racial traits.
- Feral: Half-orc children who are abandoned as infants or small children rarely survive in the wild, but a few manage to scrape out a meager existence as "wild children," tough enough to live but completely uncivilized. Feral half-orcs have the forest walker and toothy alternate racial traits.
- Mountain Clan: Half-orcs from the more mountainous regions tend to be more agile and alert to the echoing sounds of their homeland. Mountain clan half-orcs have the bestial and rock climber racial traits.
- Mystic: Orc shamans are brutal teachers who sometimes kill or maim their most promising students in order to eliminate what could be a potential rival. Half-orcs who survive years of abuse by an orc shaman master are deeply scarred and altered by the experience. Shaman trainees learn early that cunning and luck are often the only things that offer a chance of survival. They have the shaman's apprentice and sacred tattoo alternate racial traits.
Favored Class Options
Can a half-orc select human racial favored class options?
Yes. Half-elves and half-orcs may select racial favored class options, archetypes, traits, and so on, as if they were a full member of both races (a half-elf can select elf and human rules elements, a half-orc can select human and orc rules elements).
Edit 9/26/13: This is a reversal of an earlier ruling. This resolves a discrepancy between this FAQ, another APG FAQ, and a Core Rulebook FAQ.
The following favored class options are available to all characters of this race who have the listed favored class, and unless otherwise stated, the bonus applies each time you select the favored class reward.
- Alchemist: Add +1/2 to the alchemist's bomb damage.
- Alchemist: Gain a +1/2 bonus on Strength checks to break objects and on sunder combat maneuver checks when under the effects of a mutagen that increases the alchemist's Strength or Constitution score. Source PRG:HA
- Arcanist: Gain a +1 bonus on concentration checks made due to taking damage while casting arcanist spells.
- Barbarian: Add +1 to the barbarian's total number of rage rounds per day.
- Bard: Add +1 to the bard's total number of bardic performance rounds per day.
- Bard: Gain a +1/2 bonus on Bluff checks to pass secret messages, Sense Motive checks to discern secret messages, and Linguistic checks to decipher unusual handwriting. Source PRG:HA
- Bloodrager: Increase the bloodrager's total number of bloodrage rounds per day by 1.
- Brawler: Add 1/4 to the brawler's effective level to determine her unarmed strike damage.
- Hunter: Add 1 hit point to the hunter's animal companion. If the hunter replaces his animal companion, the new animal companion gains these bonus hit points.
- Cavalier: Add +1 hit point to the cavalier's mount companion. If the cavalier ever replaces his mount, the new mount gains these bonus hit points.
- Cleric: Select one domain power granted at 1st level that is normally usable a number of times per day equal to 3 + the cleric's Wisdom modifier. The cleric adds +1/2 to the number of uses per day of that domain power.
- Druid: Add +1/3 to the druid's natural armor bonus when using wild shape.
- Fighter: Add a +2 bonus on rolls to stabilize when dying.
- Fighter: The fighter gains 1/2 point of DR/— against nonlethal damage (maximum DR 10/—). Source PRG:HA
- Gunslinger: Add a +1/3 bonus on attack rolls when using the pistol whip deed.
- Hunter: Add 1 hit point to the hunter's animal companion. If the hunter replaces his animal companion, the new animal companion gains these bonus hit points.
- Inquisitor: Add a +1/2 bonus on Intimidate checks and Knowledge checks to identify creatures.
- Investigator: Gain a +1/3 bonus on critical hit confirmation rolls made while using studied combat (maximum bonus of +5). This bonus does not stack with those gained through Critical Focus and similar effects.
- Kineticist: [see errata at right] Add 1/3 point of fire damage to fire-element blasts that deal fire damage. Source: PRG:OA
- Magus: Add +1/2 point of fire damage to spells that deal fire damage cast by the magus.
- Medium: When gaining a taboo, the medium can use spirit surge without incurring influence an additional 1/4 time per day. Source: PRG:OA
- Mesmerist: Increase the mesmerist's bonus damage from painful stare by 1/2 point. Source: PRG:OA
- Monk: Add +1 to the monk's CMD when resisting a grapple and +1/2 to the number of stunning attacks he can attempt per day.
- Occultist: Deal an additional 1/2 point of damage with focus powers. Source: PRG:OA
- Oracle: Add one spell known from the oracle spell list. This spell must be at least one level below the highest spell level the oracle can cast.
- Paladin: Add +1/3 on critical hit confirmation rolls made while using smite evil (maximum bonus of +5). This bonus does not stack with Critical Focus.
- Psychic: Gain a +1 bonus on concentration checks required because of taking damage while casting spells from the psychic class. Source: PRG:OA
- Ranger: Add +1 hit point to the ranger's animal companion. If the ranger ever replaces his animal companion, the new animal companion gains these bonus hit points.
- Rogue: Add +1/3 on critical hit confirmation rolls made while using sneak attack (maximum bonus of +5). This bonus does not stack with Critical Focus.
- Shaman: Add one spell from the cleric spell list that isn't on the shaman spell list to the list of spells the shaman knows. This spell must be at least 1 level below the highest spell level the shaman can cast.
- Skald: Increase the skald's total number of raging song rounds per day by 1.
- Slayer: Gain a +1/3 bonus on critical hit confirmation rolls made while using sneak attack (maximum bonus of +5). This bonus doesn't stack with those gained through Critical Focus and similar effects.
- Sorcerer: Add +1/2 point of fire damage to spells that deal fire damage cast by the sorcerer.
- Spiritualist: Add 1 hit point to the spiritualist's phantom. Source: PRG:OA
- Summoner: Add +1 hit point to the summoner's eidolon.
- Swashbuckler: Gain a +1/3 bonus on all critical hit confirmation rolls made while using the precise strike deed (maximum bonus of +5). This bonus doesn't stack with those gained through Critical Focus and similar effects.
- Vigilante: Add 1/2 to the DC increase from unshakable. Source PRG:UI
- Warpriest: Gain a +2 bonus on rolls to stabilize when dying.
- Witch: Add +1 skill rank to the witch's familiar. If the half-orc ever replaces her familiar, the new familiar gains these bonus skill ranks.
- Wizard: Add a +1 bonus on concentration checks made due to taking damage while casting wizard spells.
The elf favored class bonus for kineticists mentions it applies when elemental overflow applies, but the dwarf and half-orc do not. Should they also apply only when elemental overflow applies?
Yes, they should both apply only when elemental overflow applies, like the elf favored class bonus. This will be reflected in the next errata.
Racial Archetypes
The following racial archetypes are available to half-orcs:
Racial Feats
The following feats are available to a half-orc character who meets the prerequisites.
- Beast Rider
- Blood Vengeance
- Brutal Grappler
- Deathless Initiate
- Deathless Master
- Deathless Zealot
- Destroyer's Blessing
- Ferocious Resolve
- Ferocious Summons
- Ferocious Tenacity
- Fight On
- Fire God's Blessing
- Gore Fiend
- Horde Charge
- Ironguts
- Ironhide
- Keen Scent
- Pass for Human
- Razortusk
- Resilient Brute
- Smash
- Smell Fear
- Surprise Follow-Through
- Surprise Follow-Through, Improved
- Sympathetic Rage
- Tenacious Survivor
- Thrill of the Kill
- War Singer


text:
What Is An Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust (ILIT)?
An Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust (ILIT) is used to avoid estate taxes on insurance payouts.
By establishing an ILIT and paying policy benefits directly into an Irrevocable Trust, beneficiaries are shielded from the income and estate taxes that come from directly receiving proceeds from Life Insurance policies.
Without an ILIT, any benefits that an insurance policy pays out are subject to estate tax, and ultimately reduce the total amount of money that beneficiaries of a policy receive.
How To Create An Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust
In order to create an ILIT, you must establish an Irrevocable Trust, typically with the trustee being your spouse or children and the beneficiaries of the trust being your spouse or children. The insurance policy is then transferred to the Trustee of trust, meaning that you no longer own the policy and thus can no longer count any future payouts from the policy among your assets.
The ILIT is named as the beneficiary of your life insurance policy, so that when you die, the payout will go directly into the ILIT and will not have to go through probate. This way, the beneficiaries of the trust can receive the benefits of the life insurance policy without having to pay income or estate taxes.
There are many moving parts and small things to pay attention to when setting up an ILIT, but it can be hugely beneficial to your family. If you want to set up an ILIT but you're feeling overwhelmed by the idea of figuring all this out on your own, you might want to contact a local trust and estate attorney who can help you make these arrangements.
Paying Premiums
When a Life Insurance policy is held in an ILIT, the simplest way to pay premiums is to fund the trust, and have the trust pay the premiums. You can transfer money to the trust, and then the trustee of the trust can write checks from the dedicated bank account associated with the trust to pay the insurance premiums.
Taxes On Funds Transferred Into The Trust
You may transfer up to $14,000 per year into the ILIT, tax-free. This is because $14,000 is the annual gift tax exclusion for 2013. If you transfer more than $14,000 into the trust in a given year, the transferred amount over $14,000 will be subject to federal gift tax.
Be Aware Of Bank Fees
The sole purpose of the insurance trust bank account is to pay the premiums on the insurance policy. Many banks have standard monthly or annual fees based on the minimum balance in the bank account, as a basic charge for having the account, or for other reasons. Be aware of these fees and any changes to the fees on the account. If the account goes into overdraft, which can often happen with unannounced fee changes, the account will be blocked, and any attempt to pay insurance premiums will be prevented. This can be highly dangerous, as any lapse in payment of insurance premiums may result in an automatic cancelation of those policies and a forfeiting of all funds that had been put into the policy.
To avoid this type of situation, try to find a bank account where you can put in a minimum balance that eliminates all fees. If you can't do that, be aware of monthly fees that may chew through any funds in the account and lead to insurance policies becoming invalidated.
Related Read: Trusts Cheat Sheet
- All The Information You Need To Share About...It's incredibly sad to think of our pets without us, but here's your chance...Read more
- Estate Planning For Your PetsAmerica is approaching a belly rub crisis. Or, in the case of cats, that...Read more
- What To Say To Someone Grieving The Loss Of A PetFor most people, it's not just a dog, cat, or other domesticated animal....Read more
- Planuary: Organizing For The New YearIf the turn of a new year inspires you to finally get your life in order, we...Read more

subset: commoncrawl


text:
By Mick Adams, Capgemini UK
World-class Enterprise Architecture is all about creating definitive collateral that defines how the architecture delivers value for societal value.
I know that's a big, bold claim, but there're enough dreamers and doers that are making this happen right now. World-class EA tackles big industry issues and offers big, brave solutions. The Open Group has already published several whitepapers at on this… banking, anyone? no problem… public services? Absolutely. World-class EA tackles these industry verticals and a bunch of others to describe a truly holistic model that unlocks value. Take a look at the World Class EA White Paper available in The Open Group's online bookstore. Highlights of the whitepaper include:
- Selection of industry drivers and potential architecture response
- Suggested maturity model to calibrate organizations
- Example of applying a maturity rating
- Set of templates and suggested diagrams to provision TOGAF® 9 content
The work is ongoing; it's not definitive yet. We are looking for more problem definitions and solutions to drive a collective global mindset forward to ensure that IT delivers benefits across the entire value chain. If we agree on what the problems are, prioritize and work on them in a wholly collegiate manner, the industry is in a better place as a consequence. My view is that The Open Group is the only viable platform to provision BIG IT to industry and society.
The Open Group India is running an event soon that I'm hoping will further refine world-class EA. The IT industry in India is flying red hot, and thriving at the moment. I've been lucky enough to work with some of the boldest and most innovative entrepreneurial people in the world that happen to come from India. There is an absolute passion for learning and contribution on the sub continent like no other. At The Open Group India event, we will discuss:
- Defining the BIG IT topics for today
- Insights about IT and EA
- Providing/provisioning demonstrable value to make a difference
The countdown has begun to The Open Group India Conference. If you want to know what's happening in architecture right now, or want to influence what could happen to our industry in India or globally, come along.
World-class EA will be a topic of discussion at The Open Group India Conference in Chennai (March 7), Hyderabad (March 9) and Pune (March 11). Join us for best practices and case studies in the areas of Enterprise Architecture, Security, Cloud and Certification, presented by preeminent thought leaders in the industry.


text:
Tuesday, December 09, 2008
Amped up Cream Cheese Brownies...
Jeff came home with a surprise for me to open up last Friday - it contained a lovely card with a couple very generous gift cards. It is such a pleasure taking the time to bake and share a treat each week with them - in fact, I look forward to every Tuesday! I am touched that they took the time to sign and send that card along! So, if you are reading this, thank you!
On to the treats! Before I started with the brownie base, I prepared the cream cheese topping by simply combining cream cheese with just a touch of granulated sugar, an egg and a couple spoonfuls of flour.
Once that was smooth, the rich base started by melting together chunks of butter with bitter unsweetened chocolate. You can do this in the microwave, but I just tossed the two into a saucepan and it only took a couple minutes over low heat. When combined, you'll want to let the mixture rest for at least 5 or so minutes - while it isn't super hot by any means, you don't want to take the chance of cooking the eggs when you add them! To the slightly cooled mess of dark goo, a shower of sugar is stirred in, followed by a few room temperature eggs, a dribble of milk and a shot of your best vanilla. The dry ingredients are stirred in and when just combined, a scoop of toasted, chopped pecans are folded in, along with a handful of a chopped chocolate-covered toffee bars. We used Heath bars, but there are at least a couple brands out there to choose from. While we only needed a portion here, you'll need about 2 chopped bars (roughly 1 1/2 ounces each) worth for the entire recipe.
To get the marbled effect on top, most of the brownie batter is spread into a smooth layer inside the baking pan, with dollops of that cream cheese mixture we prepared first randomly dropped over. Spoonfuls of the remaining brownie batter are then dropped in between the cream cheese dollops. This way, you only need to swirl the top layer together, leaving most of the brownie base underneath alone. Another scoop of toasted, chopped pecans is sprinkled over, along with the remaining bits from the chopped toffee bars - to encourage these additions to stick after baking, be sure to give them a gentle press into the top layer.
Doneness for brownies can always be tricky, but for the best texture with these, you'll want to take them out when a toothpick placed near the center comes out with moist crumbs attached - this doesn't mean raw batter though, it just doesn't need to come out clean. Don't be afraid to check a couple minutes early either, especially if your nose tells you they are ready!
My swirls on top looked spiffy and all before putting the extra dose of nuts and toffee, but once those were added, the effect was kind of lost - so I wouldn't put too much effort into that next time. The texture of the brownie base landed somewhere between fudgy and cake-y - a little chewy, pretty moist and not too dense. While these brownies call for quite a bit of sugar, using the very bitter chocolate explains the need for the extra. Fairly sweet, yes, but not cloyingly so, especially with the smooth cream cheese layer on top. Neither of us are the biggest fan of nuts in brownies, but we both thought they worked well here to cut through the chocolate-y richness. Oh, and please do us both a favor, don't forget to toast those nuts first - that extra nutty depth is always welcome. Besides adding little crunchy nuggets throughout, the caramel tone from the toffee bits were also a special treat!
11 comments:
i would definately thank you too if i got your amazing treats every week!! glad you were recognized for your efforts :) These look absolutely AMAZING, and i bet they ship well, hehe!ReplyDelete
I love a good cream cheese swirl brownie. And with Heath and pecans too!? Outta this world!ReplyDelete
Oh do they look good. A friend of mine uses Heath bars as a brownie topping along with whipped cream that has a spoonful of Irish Cream.....Yours is a nice variation. Love the cream cheese!ReplyDelete
I'm likin' the look of your amped up brownies, very nice! Great photos, too!ReplyDelete
It's so funny to see these on your blog because I had made them a while back and was just taking a peek at my pictures of them last night. Haven't blogged them yet. These were gooood!!ReplyDelete
TTFN - Is that a hint? =)ReplyDelete
JTB - Agreed!
Debbie - Thanks!
Ingrid - You should give them a try!
Lori - How come you haven't posted about them yet?
- Anonymous12/12/2008 01:02:00 AM
Woah, now this is the ultimate brownie! I'll definitely be adding this to my recipe list!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous12/14/2008 10:17:00 AM
Thanks for another amazing and beautiful recipe. They look so decadent and elegant! I definitely have to add these to my list of holiday treats!ReplyDelete
Megan and Jociecee - Let us know if you try these brownies!ReplyDelete
oe, these brownies are absolutely amazing. I made them as a dessert for our employee Christmas party and they were a huge hit, not a crumb left at the end of the night. I also made a batch to give as gifts to friends and they ignored all the other goodies on the plates to gobble these up. I can see that these brownies are now my "go to" dessert for when I need something wonderful and impressive. Thanks so much for this recipe.ReplyDelete
Laurie - Good to hear! I'll have to make these again soon... I agree, they were so tasty!ReplyDelete


text:
Shark Week is upon us, and rather than be fooled by sharky fakery or outright lies, how about some real, true, scientifically-accurate shark science? Here's a piece I originally wrote in August, 2012.
The largest fish in the ocean is the whale shark (Rhincodon typus). This massive, migratory fish can grow up to twelve meters in length, but its enormous mouth is designed to eat the smallest of critters: plankton. While the biggest, the whale shark isn't the only gigantic filter-feeding shark out there: the basking shark and the megamouth shark also sieve enormous amounts of the tiny organisms from the sea in order to survive.
While scientists like Al Dove and Craig McClain (of Deep Sea News) are learning more and more about the basic biology and behavior of these magnificent creatures, other scientists are busy investigating their neuroanatomy. A few years ago, Kara E. Yopak and Lawrence R. Frank from the University of California in San Diego got their hands on two whale shark brains from an aquarium, and put them into an MRI scanner.
But they weren't just interested in imaging the brains of the whale sharks. What they wanted to know was how the organization of whale shark brains compared to the brains of other shark species for which scientists had previously obtained neuroanatomical data. Would the brains of two species be more similar if they shared a recent evolutionary ancestor, and were therefore more genetically related? Or would shark brains be more similar among species that shared a similar lifestyle, such as those that patrol the middle and surface of the water column (pelagic sharks, such as the great white, oceanic whitetip, blue, mako, and whale sharks) versus those that live along the sea floor (benthic sharks, such as the nurse and cat sharks). Or perhaps the brains of sharks would be grouped according to their habitat, such as those that live in coastal waters, around reefs, or in the open ocean. Maybe shark brains ought to be grouped according to behavioral specialization, such as hunting methods. Answers to these questions could shed some important light on brain evolution, both in sharks as well as more generally.
They found that – compared with other shark species – the brains of whale sharks were smaller than expected given their body size. The same is true for great white sharks, basking sharks, and sand tiger sharks. While those three species all belong to a group of sharks known as the lamniformes, whale sharks belong to a different evolutionary grouping called orectolobiformes. Interestingly, the habitat and lifestyle of the whale shark is also more similar to the lamniformes than it is to the rest of the orectolobiformes.
By contrast, the closest genetic relative to the whale sharks that was included in the analysis – the tawny nurse shark, another of the orectolobiformes – had a brain that was larger than expected for its body size. Compared to its evolutionary relatives, the whale shark represented a decrease in brain size.
It has been suggested that large brains are correlated with increasing cognitive demands that a given species might face. Therefore, it is possible that the relatively smaller brains of the plankton predators were, as Yopak and Frank say, "related to their opportunistic passive predation strategies," which is likely less cognitively demanding than more active hunting behaviors. Similar patterns have been found among birds, mammals, and other types of fishes as well: at first glance, neuroanatomy appears as if it might be tied to hunting behavior.
However, a closer look complicates the picture a bit. "One of the most notable characteristics" of the whale shark brain, according to the researchers, was its "large and highly foliated" cerebellum, compared with other species. Despite its smaller brain overall, the whale shark has a larger cerebellum.
The whale shark shared this characteristic with not with its own cousins, but with thresher sharks and basking sharks, again, both members of the lamniformes. In fact, the cerebellum accounts for between 28 and 32 percent of the brains of these species. It is generally thought that the cerebellum is involved in organizing motor programs, including maintaining awareness of motor coordination and correcting errors in the execution of motor commands. Useful skills for an active hunter like the thresher, to be sure, but how necessary are they for sharks like the whale and basking, that hunt by swimming with their mouths agape, passively straining the plankton out of the seawater? Hunting strategy might account for some of the variation in brain anatomy among sharks, but there's clearly more going on.
Indeed, other shark species with similarly complex cerebellums are those that require high agility for prey capture, such as hammerhead and thresher sharks, but also basking sharks which, like the whale shark, are filter-feeders. However, the whale shark migrates over extremely long distances, and is also known to migrate vertically within the water column. It has also been observed suspending itself vertically to feed, a maneuver that requires a high level of coordination. The anatomy of the cerebellum, then, has less to do with hunting, and more to do with motor coordination requirements more generally.
Ultimately, Yopak and Frank concluded that the brain was "more similar in species with analogous but independently evolved lifestyles than those that shared taxonomic classification." In other words, at least among sharks, brain anatomy is defined more by the environment in which the shark lives, and by its lifestyle, than by genetic classification. The similar brains of whale and basking sharks, for example, are the result of convergent evolution. The two species independently evolved similar brains due to similar habitats and lifestyles, despite being separated by at least 289 million years of evolution.
As is the case for most scientific investigations, the questions are usually simpler than the answers. While something like hunting strategy may at least partially explain the smaller relative brain size of species like the whale shark and basking shark, other characteristics like the need for complex motor sequences seems to account for the relatively bigger cerebellums in those same species. Of course, something as complex as brain anatomy would be multiply determined. So the question simply becomes more nuanced: how do all those variables interact and combine to build a brain? Given the vastly disparate environments that they inhabit and distinctive behaviors that they display, sharks will continue to serve as useful model species as we strive to answer that question.
Yopak KE, & Frank LR (2009). Brain size and brain organization of the whale shark, Rhincodon typus, using magnetic resonance imaging. Brain, behavior and evolution, 74 (2), 121-42 PMID: 19729899
Images: Header image of "smiling" whale shark, and image of vertically feeding whale shark both by Dr. Al Dove, used with permission.


text:
Billing Glossary
Estimated Bill: An indication that we could not obtain an actual meter reading. The next actual reading will adjust for any differences between actual and estimated use.
Budget Billing Plan: UI's Budget Billing plan is a free service offered to residential customers to distribute your electricity costs evenly over the year.
Kilowatt-Hour (kWh): A measure of electricity. One kWh equals one thousand watts used for one hour. If you use one 100-watt bulb for ten hours, you use one kWh. The number of kWhs on your bill is the total you used for the days covered by this bill.
Late Payment Charge (LPC): A charge for the unpaid and overdue portion of the previous bill, minus payments and credits. It is calculated at the percentage shown on this bill.
Competitive Transition Assessment (CTA): A calculation allowing your electric distribution company to recover past prudent investments in generation assets (called stranded costs), as approved by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority (PURA, formerly known as the DPUC [Department of Public Utility Control]).
Combined Public Benefits Charge is the combination of the following three charges:
- Conservation and Load Management Program: A charge funding programs that promote energy conservation and efficiency.
- Renewable Energy Investment: An investment funding programs that promote the use of renewable (or environmentally friendly) fuel sources, such as solar power, wind, fuel cells, methane gas from landfills, biomass, trash-to-energy, and water.
- Systems Benefit Charge: A charge funding public costs such as public education, hardship protection, and nuclear plant decommissioning.
Transmission Charge: A charge for the delivery of electricity over high voltage lines
Distribution Charge: A charge for the delivery of electricity over the poles and wires to customer homes and businesses
Generation Services Charge: A charge for the production of your electric energy (open to competition)
*RMR Contracts "Reliability Must Run": Payments that assure that certain generating facilities continue to operate
*System Congestion: Incremental costs associated with operating less economic generation due to transmission system limitations
Decoupling Adjustment: The Decoupling Adjustment allows UI to recover or pass back to customers the difference between actual revenue versus allowed revenue requirement. It's important to note that the mechanism can translate into either a charge or credit.
Pension Tracker & Earnings Sharing: The Pension Tracker & Earnings Sharing protects both the customer and the company from recovering too much or too little for expenses related to pension obligations and allowed return on equity (ROE).
* Part of Federally Mandated Congestion Costs: any cost imposed by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) as part of the New England Standard Market Design.


text:
Pest Control South Gate, CA California 90280
Pest Control in South Gate
Pest Control in South Gate Affordable Local Pest Control South Gate CA 90280 - CALL US California Pest Control, Exterminator, Treatment and Removal of Fleas, Ants, Bees, Wasps & Hornets, Beetles, Birds, Cockroaches, Fleas, Flies, Termites, Termite inspection, Mosquitoes, Pantry Pests, Rodents, Spiders, Termites, Ticks, Scorpions, Bees, Weevils, Rats, Stinging Pests, Slugs and Snails, Horntails, Mice, Silverfish, Millipedes, Wasps, Hornets, Springtails, Moths, Centipedes, Psocids, Stink Bugs. Pest Control Near Me In South Gate California
Phone : 1-888-537-0213
Zankli.net Pest Control in South Gate
Pest Control South Gate Zankli.net Local pest control service. Exterminator near me in South Gate. Including treatment of termites and termite inspections. 1-888-537-0213
Phone : 1-888-537-0213


text:
Once during your turn, after you flip any coins for an attack, you may ignore all results of those coin flips and begin flipping those coins again. You can't use more than 1 Victory Star Ability each turn.
The Pokémon Company International is not responsible for the content of any linked website that is not operated by The Pokémon Company International. Please note that these websites' privacy policies and security practices may differ from The Pokémon Company International's standards.
Pokemon.com administrators have been notified and will review the screen name for compliance with the Terms of Use.
Your request could not be completed. Please try again. If the problem persists, please contact Customer Support.


text:
NASA satellites see remnant low Dolores go out kicking
The remaining clouds and showers that were once tropical storm Dolores are fading at sea, more than 940 miles west of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. Dolores has now weakened into a remnant low pressure area but continues to kick up 11 foot high waves at sea.
On Friday, July 17 at 6:30 a.m. EDT, Dolores' fragmented showers and thunderstorms were located near 20 degrees north latitude and 125 degrees west longitude moving northwest near 15 knots (17 mph). Sustained winds were still around 20 knots (23 mph) and its minimum central pressure had gone up to 1006 millibars.
Two NASA satellites captured a good view of Dolores before she really started falling apart. NASA's Quick Scatterometer (QuikScat) captured Dolores' fading winds and CloudSat saw what Dolores' clouds looked like from a sideways view.
QuikScat saw Dolores' winds swirling inside her clouds by using microwaves to peer into them. It flew over Dolores and captured an image at 10:01 p.m. EDT on July 15 (0201 UTC July 16). QuikScat can actually determine the speed of a tropical cyclone's rotating winds using microwave technology. QuikScat imagery is false-colored to show different wind speeds, the highest winds are always shown in purple, indicating winds over 40 knots (46 mph). Small barbs are used in the images to indicate wind direction and point to areas of heavy rain.
NASA's CloudSat satellite has the unique capability of seeing a tropical storm from its side. CloudSat's Cloud Profiling Radar captured a sideways look across Dolores on July 16. It took a 3 minute scan across the storm from 4:59-5:02 a.m. EDT (09:59-10:02 UTC) to create an image of the entire storm.
For comparison CloudSat images are combined with other satellite images that show the storm from the top down. The recent CloudSat image was compared with an image from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-11) combined with NASA's Aqua satellite around the same time.
The colors indicate the intensity of the reflected radar energy. The top of Dolores' clouds are over 14 kilometers (8.7 miles) high.
The blue areas along the top of the clouds indicate cloud ice. The highest clouds in Dolores at the time of the image were as cold as -40 Celsius (-40 Fahrenheit) to -60C (-76 Fahrenheit). CloudSat images show the ground or sea level as a solid line along the bottom. That line disappears where there is strong rainfall exceeding 30mm/hr (1.18 inches/hour).
Dolores is expected to make her final kick over the weekend and fade into the waters of the Eastern Pacific.


text:
A fungus that has torn through frog populations worldwide kills by dehydrating the hapless amphibians, disrupting electrolyte balance and causing cardiac arrest.
The fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which is responsible for chytridiomycosis disease, has caused massive frog death on a global scale, threatening many species with extinction. When the fungus reached the Sierra Nevada mountains in California, it slashed mountain yellow-legged frog populations by more than 75 percent in only about four years. The frog (Rana muscosa) is now listed as endangered.
Laboratory experiments had established how the fungus operates, but a new study is the first to observe the disease in action in the wild. San Francisco State University biologist Vance Vredenburg and colleagues collected blood samples and skin swabs from more than 100 yellow-legged frogs over the course of the summer of 2004, the year the outbreak hit the Sierra region.
"It's really rare to be able to study physiology in the wild like this, at the exact moment of a disease outbreak," study researcher Jamie Voyles, a University of California Berkeley ecologist, said in a statement. The researchers reported their work Wednesday (April 25) in the journal PLoS ONE.
The findings confirmed what researchers had seen in the lab: Infection by the fungus seems to disrupt the frogs' balance of fluids and electrolytes, which are minerals found in the blood that are crucial for muscle function, proper blood pH and hydration.
"The mode of death discovered in the lab seems to be what's actually happening in the field," Vredenburg said in a statement, "and it's that understanding that is key to doing something about it in the future."
In the lab, the disease is easy to treat with antifungal drugs, Vredenburg said. But transferring that treatment to the wild is difficult. Biologists are now experimenting with ways to treat wild frogs. The new research suggests that treating individual frogs with electrolyte supplements could offer a glimmer of hope for survival, Vredenburg said.
Researchers are also working to understand how the disease spreads in the wild. Pacific chorus frogs may be carriers of the disease, according to research published in March in the journal PLoS ONE.
You can follow LiveScience senior writer Stephanie Pappas on Twitter @sipappas. Follow LiveScience for the latest in science news and discoveries on Twitter @livescience and on Facebook.
Copyright 2012 LiveScience, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Community Fellowship: Sounds Of My City By Katie Needs
This is a guest post by one of the SoundCloud Community Fellows, Katie Needs.
"I pay attention to the sounds in my environment with the same focus and awareness that I use to listen to music. The act of focusing on that moment, that place and time, leads me to hear that place differently, to understand it in new ways." – Andra McCartney
Who am I?
Hi everyone! My name is Katie, and I'm very excited to be a part of SoundCloud's first class of Community Fellows!
I am a proud Canadian, born and raised just north of Toronto. I moved to the big city 6 years ago to study at the University of Toronto, where I did my Bachelor's degree in Music Education and a Master's in Information. I care a lot about information literacy and global literacy issues, and recently traveled to Guatemala with Librarians Without Borders to work at a not-for-profit school where we helped re-organize and establish great programs for their new library. I also love food – cooking, baking, eating, and blogging about it – music (all sorts), and traveling. In fact I love traveling so much that I'm moving to Berlin in September!
For a while now, it has been a big goal of mine to get out and explore the parts of Toronto that I've never visited during my time here. If you didn't already know, Toronto is the largest city in Canada, it houses over 2.5 million people residing in over 240 distinct neighborhoods, with about 90 of them found in the Downtown area. With that much sprawl it's no wonder I haven't seen it all!
As I started exploring, I began noticing the sounds around me. I began to think that maybe instead of focusing my attention only on the "Kodak moments" – and don't get me wrong, I take a lot of photos – perhaps using the SoundCloud mobile app to isolate and feature my "sonic experiences" would be another really cool way to map and document my Toronto travels. And thus, the Sounds of My City project was born!
My Fellowship project:
Sounds of My City is basically a collaborative, community-oriented exploration of the many sounds found in and around Toronto. An audio ethnography, if you will. With so many distinct neighbourhoods to visit in the Downtown area alone, Toronto provides the perfect environment to explore, experience and record the sounds that define and make each one familiar and unique. Especially in the summertime, with all the great and culturally diverse events and festivals that happen almost every day! The thing is, I don't want to do this alone.
So, why not engage with my fellow Torontonians, and encourage them to collect sounds from their adventures, daily commutes, or neighbourhoods? The best part about Toronto is that it is different things for different people – the idea of my Toronto really resonates – and I think that's what can make this project really interesting! As such, I'm calling on my fellow citizens, and even visitors to the city to help me out! I want us to capture the best, most unique, and even worst parts of Toronto's sonic landscape, collaboratively. I hope that you'll join me in acoustically mapping our great city, and that together we can get out and explore Toronto and document all its wonderful heritage, culture, voices and eccentricities, one sound at a time.
The best part about this project, I think, is that it's got a global reach, too! Every city, town, backyard across the world has its own unique acoustic ecology! What does your city sound like?
Get involved!
So, do you want to participate? It's easy! You can check the Sounds of My City blog for more information, or, if you are all ready to share you sounds with me – click "Submit" on the project blog over on Tumblr, or drop your sounds directly into the Sounds of My City group on SoundCloud. You can also follow the project on Twitter @soundsofmycity!
I hope that you'll join me and share the sounds of your city! Oh and here are a few of my favorites from the Sounds of My City project below:
Trippiest busker by katieneeds
This busker presents himself at the most random times during the days and years, and it always catches me off guard. I've heard this sound at various intersections around the University of Toronto area for the past 6 years now, and I have never seen the person who is actually playing this instrument (and what is it?! A zither, maybe?). It's totally bizarre and awesome.
Waves at Wards Island by katieneeds
This is a recording of the waves at Ward's Island Beach, on the Toronto Islands. It was a great day outside, the water wasn't totally freezing, and a nice group of strangers fashioned a coal oven right in the sand and brought enough dough and toppings to make 40 fresh pizzas to share! The best summer day, hands down.
Old City Hall bells, 4:45pm by michelle.t.davies
A great user-submitted sound, this one is a snapshot of the bells at Old City Hall at around 4:45 pm on a Wednesday. You can hear the Queen streetcar passing by, the iconic chimes of the bells, and then Michelle exclaiming her satisfaction with her recording,"…nice". Nice.


text:
|Hot Black Asses, Big Black Butts and Round Ebony Booties – All Here and Ready for Some Hardcore Action
Enjoy the hottest black babes with the roundest rears only here at EbonyAssPorno. EbonyAssPorno brings you the biggest collection of hot black babes who would like nothing more than a hard, deep fuck and some naughty kinky fun. Enjoy a 3-day trial access at EbonyAssPorno.com for just $1.95.
|Webmasters click here18 U.S.C. 2257 Record-Keeping Requirement Compliance Statement.


text:
One of the answers to my "controversial opinions" question on Stack Overflow claims that "programming is so easy a five year old can do it."
I'm sure there are some aspects of programming which a five year old can do. Other parts are apparently very hard though. Today I came to the following conclusion:
- If your code deals with arbitrary human text, it's probably broken. (Have you taken the Turkey test recently?)
- If your code deals with floating point numbers, it's probably broken.
- If your code deals with concurrency (whether that means database transactions, threading, whatever), it's probably broken.
- If your code deals with dates, times and time zones, it's probably broken. (Time zones in particular are hideous.)
- If your code has a user interface with anything other than a fixed size and a fixed set of labels (no i18n), it's probably broken.
You know what I like working with? Integers. They're nice and predictable. Give me integers, and I can pretty much predict how they'll behave. So long as they don't overflow. Of have an architecture-and-processor-dependent size.
Maybe you think I'm too cynical. I think I'm rather bullish, actually. After all, I used the word "probably" on all of those bullet points.
The thing that amazes me is that despite all this hardness, despite us never really achieving perfection, programs seem to work well enough most of the time. It's a bit like a bicycle – it really shouldn't work. I mean, if you'd never seen one working, and someone told you that:
- You can't really balance when it's stationary. You have to go at a reasonable speed to stay stable.
- Turning is a lot easier if you lean towards the ground.
- The bit of the bike which is actually in contact with the ground is always stationary, even when the bike itself is moving.
- You stop by squeezing bits of rubber onto the wheels.
Would you not be a touch skeptical? Likewise when I see the complexity of software and our collective failure to cope with it, I'm frankly astonished that I can even write this blog post.
It's been a hard day. I achieved a small victory over one of the bullet points in the first list today. It took hours, and I pity my colleague who's going to code review it (I've made it as clear as I can, but some things are just designed to mess with your head) – but it's done. I feel simultaneously satisfied in a useful day's work, and depressed at the need for it.


text:
The REAL Reasons Women Divorce. Learn Why Women End Most Marriages. Plus, Find Out The Specific Pattern Women Follow Before Divorcing Their Husbands.
For Betrayed Men And Women In Limbo
Women's Relationships Today Follow A Very Predictable Pattern
Marriage –>Infidelity –>IDENTITY CRISIS –>Separation –>Divorce
Betrayed Husband…
Like most men, you probably didn't see your wife's affair coming, not only because your wife may not have seemed all that interested in sex; but also because you have the belief that your wife is a "good girl." Unfortunately, up until very recently, men were regularly divorced by their wives without ever knowing about their wives' affairs and infidelities.
Woman In Limbo…
If you're a woman, like most women, prior to cheating on your husband, you always proclaimed yourself to be "not the type" who would ever cheat. However, also like most women, AFTER they've cheated, you're shocked and disturbed by your behavior; but at the same time — you can't give up the affair — or — let go of the idea of a new relationship. .
Learn How Women Process Infidelity. Find Out Why Cheating Can Catapult Women Into Full-Blown Identity Crisis That Ultimately Leads To The Demise Of Their Marriages.
Women's relationships and marriages have been following the same pattern for a long time, and they will continue to follow the same predictable pattern unless we develop an accurate understanding of females – particularly in regard to their sexuality.
My name is Michelle Langley. I've been immersed in women's infidelity issues for almost 20 years. I've written two books on the subject and I've also been coaching men and women through female infidelity issues for over a decade now; and the fact is many of our societal beliefs about females are grossly distorted and some are completely erroneous.
Unfortunately, society's preoccupation with male infidelity and male commitment issues has and continues to keep a light from being shined too closely on female infidelity and female commitment issues.
The media has finally begun to acknowledge, albeit to a small degree, the widespread problem of female infidelity. But to be clear, female infidelity is one of the most prevalent problems that couples are facing today in their relationships.
When people write and speak about why women cheat, they often regurgitate outdated information or intentionally leave out basic information — because it's not politically correct to talk about women's true sexual nature.
However, without these missing pieces of information, it's impossible to understand, and to subsequently fix, many of the real problems couples are facing today in their relationships.
My Story…
Shortly after my 27th birthday, I began to feel very different. I had been happily married for 4years and then, suddenly out of nowhere, I began feeling bored and unhappy. In an attempt to figure out what was causing my unhappiness, I looked for answers in books, tried to talk to my Mother and eventually went to see a psychologist. All of the information I received attributed the way I was feeling to my husband, and similar to the majority of women, I began to view my husband as the culprit too.
Currently, Women Are Initiating 70 – 75% Of All Divorces
Later, through my own research, I discovered that what I was experiencing was quite normal. In fact, women are the most likely to divorce in their late twenties and thirties after an average of 4 years of marriage. During this time, it's quite common for women to experience a pre-midlife crisis, which is similar to the male midlife crisis, only with an important difference – a difference that can actually make women more likely to cheat than men.
The "Stages" That Women Often Experience During The Course Of Their Long-Term Relationships
Several years into my research I was able to identify distinctive patterns and behaviors in the women I interviewed. I categorized these into four separate "stages" that women often experience during the course of their long-term relationships. The stages begin with a loss of sexual desire.
Stage 1
Women at Stage 1 feel as though something is missing in their lives. They have all the things that they wanted—a home, a family, a great husband—but they feel they should be happier. Over time, many women in this stage begin to lose interest in sex. It is not uncommon for them to spend a great deal of energy trying to avoid physical contact with their husbands because they fear it might lead to a sexual encounter. They frequently complain of physical ailments to avoid having sex and often try to avoid going to bed at the same time as their husbands. They view sex as a job, not unlike doing the dishes or going to the grocery store. Some women in Stage 1 claim they feel violated when their husbands touch them. Their bodies freeze up and they feel tightness in their chest and/or a sick feeling in their stomach. The majority of women in Stage 1 feel as though there is something wrong with them, that they are in some way defective. They are also fearful that their disinterest in sex will cause their husbands to cheat, or worse yet, leave them.
Stage 2
Women at Stage 2 experience reawakened desire stimulated by an encounter outside the marital relationship. Whether these encounters with a "new" man involves sex or remain platonic, women will typically give a tremendous amount of emotional significance to these encounters. Many women in this stage haven't felt any sexual desire for a long time. Many experience tremendous guilt and regret, regardless of whether their new relationships are sexual, merely emotional, or both. Most begin to experience what could be termed an identity crisis—even those who try to put the experience behind them. Constant reminders are everywhere. They feel guilt when the topic of infidelity arises, whether in the media, in conversations with family and friends, or at home with their husbands. Women in this stage can no longer express their prior disdain for infidelity without feeling likea hypocrite. They feel as though they have lost a part of themselves. Reflecting society's belief that women are either "good" or "bad," women will question their "good girl" status and feel that they might not be deserving of their husbands. Many will try to overcome feelings of guilt by becoming more attentive toward and appreciative of their husbands. However, over time many women will move from appreciation to justification. In order to justify their continued desire for other men, women will begin to attribute these desires to needs that are not being met in their marriage, or to their husband's past behavior. Many women will become negative and sarcastic when speaking of their husbands and their marriages and it is not uncommon for an extramarital affair to follow.
Stage 3
Women at Stage 3 are involved in affairs, ending affairs, or contemplating divorce. Women who are having affairs experience feelings unlike anything they have experienced before. They feel "alive" again and many believe they have found their soul mates. These women are experiencing feelings associated with a chemically altered state, or what is typically referred to as being in love. These women are also typically in tremendous pain, the pain of choosing between their husbands and their new love interests. They typically believe that what they are doing is wrong and unfair to their husbands, but yet are unable to end their affairs. Many often try several times. Prior to meeting with their lovers, they will vow that it will be the last time, but they are unable to stick with their decisions. Unable to end their extramarital relationships, women at Stage 3 conclude that their lovers are soul mates because they are unaware that they have become addicted to the high caused by chemicals released during the initial stages of a relationship. Many live in a state of limbo for years. "Should I stay married or should I get a divorce?" this is the question continuously on the minds of women at Stage 3 – it is also common for women at this stage to attempt to initiate a separation. In most cases, husbands of women at Stage 3, will launch futile attempts to make their wives happy by being more attentive, spending more time at home and helping out around the house. Regardless of women's past and present complaints, the last thing women at Stage 3 want, is to spend more time with their husbands.
The reason many women will give for their desire to separate is a "search for self." They convince their husbands that they might be able to save their marriage if they can just have time to themselves. They tell their husbands that time apart is the only hope of improving their current situation. Women at this stage want to free themselves of the restrictions of marriage and spend more time with their lovers. Most think that eventually their confusion will disappear. They think they will eventually know with certainty whether they want to stay married or get divorced and be with their lovers. Separation allows women at this stage, to enjoy the high they experience with their lovers without giving up the security of their marriages. Husbands of Stage 3 women are often unaware that their wives are having affairs. Their lack of suspicion is typically due to their wife's disinterest in sex and in their belief that their wife is a "good girl."
Women at Stage 3 may also be experiencing the ending of an extramarital affair, and the ending may not have been their decision. They may have been involved with single men who either lost interest because the relationship could not progress or who became attracted to another women who was single. Women whose affairs are ending often experience extreme grief. They may become deeply depressed and express tremendous anger toward their husbands. They are typically unaware that they are experiencing chemical withdrawal due to sudden changes in their brain chemistry. As a result, many will feel that they have missed their chance at happiness due to their indecisiveness. Believing they have become more aware of what they want and need from a mate, women at this stage will often place the utmost importance on finding a "new" relationship that will give them the feeling they experienced in their affairs. Anew relationship with a new partner will also represent a clean slate, a chance for these women to regain their "good girl" status. Some women will search for new partners during their separations. Others will return to their marriages, but not emotionally and still continue to search. Some women will resume sporadic sexual relations with their husbands in an effort to safeguard their marriage until they make a decision. Although they are often not sexually attracted to their husbands, desire is temporarily rekindled when they suspect their husbands are unfaithful, are contemplating infidelity, or when their husbands show signs of moving on.
Stage 4
The women in stage four included those who chose to stay married and continue their affairs and those who chose to divorce. Some of the women who continued their affairs stated that marital sex was improved by maintaining the extramarital relationship. Some thought the lover was a soul mate, but for one reason or another did not leave their husband and did not feel torn between the two. Others realized that their feelings were intensified by not sharing day-to-day living arrangements with their lover. Almost all of the women in this latter category were having affairs with married men. They believed their affairs could continue indefinitely without disrupting either partner's primary relationship. The women who chose divorce and were in the beginning stages of a new relationship typically expressed relief at having finally made a decision and reported feeling normal again. Many of the divorced women who had remarried and were several years into their new marriages seemed somewhat reluctant to talk about the specifics of their past experiences. However, they did mention feelings of guilt and regret for having hurt their children and ex-spouses only to find themselves experiencing similar feelings in the new relationship.
Understand One Of The Most Prevalent And Complex Problems Couples Are Facing Today In Their Relationships — Female Infidelity.
Women are cheating and relationships are ending because men and women lack necessary information. Today's relationship problems are solvable, but you have to understand what the real problem is. The information in Women's Infidelity should be common knowledge to couples, both married and unmarried, and to dating males and females. Trying to have a relationship today without the information in this book is like to trying to read without knowing the letters of the alphabet. This is not an exaggeration ─ it's a fact.
Reviews and Letters from Readers
"…chapter [2], alone, is worth the US cover price…what is here is impressive…" Donna Dillman, GRIP Magazine
"I just happened across your website today and what I've found is truly enlightening. As a psychologist I did have occasion to study marriage and marriage counseling…Clearly there is a significant absence of information such as yours being disseminated to graduating psychologists in training. Having been down the marital breakup path, I can also clearly attest to the accuracy of your conclusions…I do thank-you for writing such an insightful and informative book and will share it with my numerous friends who are currently experiencing similar marital challenges, as well as some of my professional colleagues who are more directly involved in working with couples…" - Dr. D
I wish to congratulate you…yours is by far the most razor-sharp study of female infidelity ever done. Ever. And that's not hyperbole… - Richard James
"I can't thank you enough for publishing your book, which I downloaded and last night read cover to cover until 2:30am. What struck me was that many times in the book, you described my wife's behavior – right on down to verbatim quotes – and mine in frighteningly accurate detail. I have a better understanding of what has happened. Her relationship did not get physical, but it would have eventually, I'm sure. Understanding why is a huge part of forgiving her…I've made more progress with your book in a few hours than we have with a therapist in 6 weeks. With any luck, you may have been a major factor in saving our marriage. Thank you, thank you, thank you." - A loving, and…less confused, husband
"I just read your book cover to cover. Two sittings… much of it with… my wife. We can never thank you enough. I believe it was key to saving our marriage." - Keith Vaughn
"Before reading your book, I had been living in limbo for almost two years. I was so confused and I felt like I was going crazy. I even went to a psychologist to try and figure out what was wrong with me. I had just about given up all hope and then I heard you on the radio talking about your book. Thank you so much for writing this book. For the first time in a long time I finally feel like I'm getting back to normal again." - Justine Pace
"I heard you on the radio and I thought you may have some answers for me since I had just caught my wife cheating. I was wondering why this was happening so I ordered your book. I received your book the other day and read it cover to cover. I was amazed. It seemed to be written about my marriage." - Tom Brickner, Los Angeles
Women's Infidelity: Living In Limbo Explains:
• Why females push males for commitment
• Why females "think" they're naturally monogamous and why males think so too
• Why women can't tell men what they really want
• Why women like getting married but not being married
• Why women lose sexual desire for their husbands and what women really do want sexually
• Why women are more likely than men to become addicted to affair sex
• Why marriage and fidelity can actually be MORE difficult for women than it is for men
• Why women overwhelmingly initiate the majority of all divorces – even when they're married to men who love and treat them well
• Why and how men unknowingly make the problem worse by doing exactly the opposite of what they need to do in order to fix the problem
Women's Infidelity II: Breaking Out of Limbo Explains:
• How to get clear about what you're really doing
• How to understand your feelings for your husband – what it really means when you say, "I love him, but I'm not "in" love with him
• How to know if your feelings for the "other man" are real
• How to know if there's a possibility for a future with the other man
• How to stop your circular thinking
• How to end your confusion and move forward in 7 clearly defined steps
The Women's Infidelity Books Are Recommended By Counselors And Therapists All Over The World
Living in limbo is so painful. In fact, it's one of the most painful experiences we can go through in our relationships. I've interviewed several hundred people in this situation and I've also been there myself. When I was in limbo, I felt like I had an ailment, a condition of some sort. At the time, I just knew I had something and whatever it was, it wasn't normal.
For several reasons, which I explain in my book, infidelity and marital limbo are quickly becoming the norm for women and, as I've already pointed out, women are also initiating 70 – 75% of all divorces.
I sincerely believe that the information in Women's Infidelity is crucial for both males and females, regardless of their relationship status. However, if you're currently struggling with women's infidelity issues, you absolutely NEED this information to make educated decisions. In fact, it would simply be a mistake to end a relationship or make other life-changing decisions prior to reading my books. The Women's Infidelity books are recommended by counselors and therapists all over the world. My books have helped tens of thousands of men and women … and they can help you, too.
─ Michelle Langley
More Letters from Readers
"I am a couples counselor … I am utterly amazed at the accuracy of what Michelle has written. I would like to make these books available in my office for clients."
Dr. Lacey London ON
"Your book was more informative than all the counseling that I have had in the past year." - Ashley Baxter
"I don't know how I can ever thank you. Your book saved my marriage. After I read it I had my wife read it. My wife and I have now not only reconciled but we also have a much more honest relationship." - Mark Brennin
"Thank you for bringing everything into focus. It took guts to put this information out there and I can't thank you enough for doing it. " - Allissa Misloch
"What I find so disturbing is that I could have been in counseling for another 10 years and I still would not have learned anything about what I learned from your books. I am grateful to you for putting this information out there for people like me who have been hurting and confused for so long." - Julie Heckner


text:
Founded in 1994. Dedicated to publishing articles on the information and knowledge society, information and knowledge management, organizational communication management, investigations of media management, media culture, international and intercultural communication. Indexed in the Scopus database from 2018. More about the journal in About the Journal.
The journal is a free-to-access, free-to-publish journal run by Vilnius University. We do not charge any subscriptions or fees to read articles, to publish or submit.
We encourage readers to sign up for the publishing notification service for this journal. Use the Register link at the top of the home page for the journal.
This registration will result in the reader receiving the Table of Contents by email for each new issue of the journal. This list also allows the journal to claim a certain level of support or readership. We assure that your name and email address will not be used for other purposes.
If you find our articles interesting and want to support what we are doing, we'd really like you to join the journal.
Feel free to share the content of the journal with your network.


text:
Thank you for choosing to open an account via Collins Sarri Statham Investments. The trading account will be opened with Saxo Capital Markets UK Ltd. If you have any queries regarding your application please do not hesitate to contact your introducing broker:
Collins Sarri Statham Investments
+44 (0)20 8057 6380
Before applying for an account, please familiarise yourself with these documents: General Business Terms, Commissions, Charges & Margin Schedule, Order Execution Policy and Conflict of Interest Policy. Some products on our platforms are traded on margin and losses can exceed deposits. Please ensure you understand the risks.
Minimum deposit £500Open Account


text:
Anthony's Pizzeria is located at 721 Jericho Tpke, Huntington Station, NY-11746. An interactive
Map of Anthony's Pizzeria is shown below.
View details of Anthony's Pizzeria.
Copyright © 2023 PizzaShops.info. All rights reserved.
Information deemed reliable, but not guaranteed.
All Brand Names, Trademarks and Logos are properties of their respective owners.


text:
|Perl Monk, Perl Meditation
Rex(Wrecks)by Rex(Wrecks) (Curate)
|on Aug 02, 2001 at 05:10 UTC ( #101553=user: print w/replies, xml )
|Need Help??
Bio...uhh yeah.
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict ;
Since coming to the Monastary and participating it amazes me how many questions get answered with those 2 lines of code. Before I came here -w was part of my standard boilerplate and use strict was there if I remembered. Since then use strict has become part of my boilerplate. If you don't have a boilerplate, make one and use it. For a sample boilerplate, see my scratchpad and for a program that makes dynamic boilerplates, see makeperl.pl.


text:
Google's cloud-hosted search application for e-commerce sites has been upgraded with on-the-fly results that drop down from the query box as shoppers type their search terms, the company announced on Tuesday.
The feature is based on the Google Instant feature that the company added to its general Web search engine in September, but it has been adapted for the Commerce Search product, which retailers purchase to power the search function of their e-stores.
"The search-as-you-type feature here has been geared and customized to the needs of retailers," said Nitin Mangtani, a Google group product manager.
For example, the Instant implementation of Commerce Search displays product images, shows brands and includes prices, all key elements for people shopping for an item, he said.
This new version of Commerce Search, dubbed 3.0, also serves up product recommendations based on users' queries and site browsing.
For example, Commerce Search can tell users that people who viewed a particular product also viewed other ones. It can also inform users which product people ended up buying after viewing this product. Commerce Search also tells users which products people bought in addition to a specific product.
The idea here is to make the online search and shopping experience more interactive, and in that way closer to the experience of walking into a physical store and seeing related products at a glance on shelves and getting advice from a sales associate, he said.
This recommendation capability is rolling out as a Labs feature, so IT administrators have to turn it on for their Websites.
Commerce Search now also informs shoppers about availability of products in nearby local physical outlets, in case they prefer to buy it at their neighborhood store.
"It's like real-time inventory availability information," Mangtani said.
Commerce Search now also has new merchandising capabilities to let retailers promote certain products based on queries and create banner areas.
Pricing for Commerce Search starts at $25,000 and is based on the number of products in the e-store's search index and on the number of queries run per year.