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Yahoo! My Yahoo! Mail More Yahoo! Services Account Options New User? Sign Up Sign In Help Yahoo! Search web search Home Singapore Asia Pacific World Business Entertainment Sports Technology Australia China India Indonesia Japan Malaysia Philippines Thailand Vietnam Pakistan cricketers in betting probe dropped AFP - Friday, September 3 Send IM Story Print TAUNTON, England (AFP) - – The three Pakistan cricketers at the centre of a betting scandal have been released from the squad for the remainder of the tour of England, team manager Yawar Saeed said Thursday. Speaking to reporters ahead of Pakistan's one-day game against Somerset Saeed said Test captain Salman Butt and bowlers Mohammad Aamer and Mohammad Asif had been dropped from the two upcoming Twenty20 games. Pakistan would also seek replacements for the five one-day limited overs games against England, Saeed added, denying the trio had been suspended. "The T20 squad will remain what it is here this morning, ie 13 people," Saeed said. "When we play the one-day internationals we will be asking for replacements to make the squad up to 16. "The (three) players have not been suspended." Butt, Aamer and Asif were named in a report by Britain's News of the World tabloid newspaper, which alleged the players conspired to arrange for deliberate no-balls to be bowled at precise points in last week's Test match against England. Saaed added he could not comment about the trio's state of mind, saying: "They are still here. I cannot answer anything on their behalf because investigations are being made by Scotland Yard and the ICC (International Cricket Council) and others. "The game must go on, cricket will be played at its best." England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) chairman Giles Clarke told reporters at the ground: "The England and Wales Cricket Board welcomes the announcement of the Pakistan Cricket Board's squad for the Natwest T20 and NatWest ODI series." Presently, Pakistan are unable to play home matches after an armed attack on Sri Lanka's team bus in Lahore in March last year. Clarke, chairman of the ICC's Pakistan task team, said he was working with other officials to draw up a plan to safeguard cricket in the country. "We naturally have many challenges at ICC to face. Cricket fans across the world can be assured that we will be doing so," he said. England and Pakistan play the first of two Twenty20 internationals, both in Cardiff, on Sunday. The teams then face each other in a five-match one-day international series starting at Chester-le-Street, Durham's headquarters ground, in north-east England, on September 10. Recommend Send IM Story Print Related Articles World Bank, IMF step up aid to Pakistan AFP - 13 minutes ago Pakistan gets IMF relief, tightens security Reuters - 24 minutes ago Pakistan cricketers claim innocence in betting scam AFP - 32 minutes ago China landslides kill eight, 40 missing AFP - Friday, September 3 Bumper-to-bumper as epic China traffic jam returns AFP - Friday, September 3 News Search Top Stories Abbas, Netanyahu relaunch peace talks ECB hikes growth, inflation forecasts Disasters 'scream' call for climate action: UN ECB holds rate as investors await bank measures Hurricane Earl closes in on US East Coast More Top Stories » ADVERTISEMENT Most Popular Most Viewed Most Recommended Exercise cuts genetic obesity risk by 40 percent: study 'Prostitute' Carla Bruni deserves death: Iran media Greece smoking ban takes effect Diabetes drug fights lung cancer in mice: study 'Animal' Blair's memoirs risk opening old wounds More Most Viewed » Obama endorses mosque plan near Ground Zero Earth's upper atmosphere shrinking, scientists say Tiger's ex breaks her silence on sex scandal Belgian man dies of South Asian superbug Most US students think Beethoven is a dog More Most Recommended » Elsewhere on Yahoo! Financial news on Yahoo! Finance Stars and latest movies Best travel destinations More on Yahoo! News Home Singapore Asia Pacific World Business Entertainment Sports Technology Subscribe to our news feeds Top StoriesMy Yahoo!RSS » More news feeds | What are news feeds? Also on Yahoo! Answers Groups Mail Messenger Mobile Travel Finance Movies Sports Games » All Yahoo! Services Site Highlights Singapore Full Coverage Most Popular Asia Entertainment Photos World Cup 2010 Copyright © 2010 Yahoo! Southeast Asia Pte. Ltd. (Co. Reg. No. 199700735D). All Rights Reserved. Terms of Service | Privacy Policy | Community | Intellectual Property Rights Policy | Help
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Fairenoom History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
The lineage of the name Fairenoom begins with the Anglo-Saxon tribes in Britain. It is a result of when they lived at Farnham, in several different counties including Buckinghamshire, Dorset, Essex, Suffolk, and the West Riding of Yorkshire. They were derived from pre-existing names for towns, villages, parishes, or farmsteads. In this case the surname Fairenoom was originally derived from the Old English words fearn + hamm which means a fern-covered homestead or property.
Early Origins of the Fairenoom family
The surname Fairenoom was first found in one of the many villages names Farnham throughout England in the following counties or shires: Dorset, Essex, North Yorkshire, Suffolk, and Surrey. Farnham Common and Farnham Royal are located in Buckinghamshire. [1]
The name has numerous listings in the Domesday Book with various spellings that were in use at the time: Fernham, Dorset; Phernham Essex; Fareham North Yorkshire; Farnham, Suffolk; and Fernham Surrey. Farnham Royal was listed as Fernham Riall. [2]
While one would suppose the surname originated from one or more of the aforementioned locals, another reference suggests we must look to Leicestershire, specifically Quorndon to find the surname's true origin as in "this ancient family was certainly seated at Quorndon two descents before the reign of Edward I." [3]
Early History of the Fairenoom family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Fairenoom research. Another 100 words (7 lines of text) covering the years 1290, 1312, 1483, 1753, 1642, 1636 and are included under the topic Early Fairenoom History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Fairenoom Spelling Variations
Only recently has spelling become standardized in the English language. As the English language evolved in the Middle Ages, the spelling of names changed also. The name Fairenoom has undergone many spelling variations, including Farnham, Farnhams, Farnhan, Fearnham, Farneham and others.
Early Notables of the Fairenoom family (pre 1700)
Notables of the family at this time include Richard Farnham (d. 1642), fanatic, "a weaver who came from Colchester to Whitechapel about 1636, where he and a fellow-craftsman, John Bull, announced that they were prophets inspired with 'the...
Migration of the Fairenoom family to Ireland
Some of the Fairenoom family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.
Migration of the Fairenoom family
To escape the unstable social climate in England of this time, many families boarded ships for the New World with the hope of finding land, opportunity, and greater religious and political freedom. Although the voyages were expensive, crowded, and difficult, those families that arrived often found greater opportunities and freedoms than they could have experienced at home. Many of those families went on to make significant contributions to the rapidly developing colonies in which they settled. Early North American records indicate many people bearing the name Fairenoom were among those contributors: Thomas and Ralph Farnham who had came to Roxbury, Massachusetts in 1634; as did Henry Farnham of Warwickshire, who settled there in 1644. Alice, Mary, and Ralph Farnham settled in Boston Massachusetts in 1635.

subset: commoncrawl


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Roberta A. Pagon, a professor of pediatrics at the University of Washington, explains.
Reflexive sneezing induced by light, and sunlight in particular, is estimated to occur in 18 to 35 percent of the population and is known as the photic sneeze reflex (PSR) or the ACHOO (autosomal dominant compulsive helio-ophthalmic outbursts of sneezing) syndrome. Its genetic nature has been known for at least the last 25 years; it is periodically discussed in the medical literature and lay press. Observations that emerging from dim light into sunlight or turning to face directly into the sun commonly triggers the reflex prompted early inquiries into the trait. The number of induced sneezes--which seems to be genetically mediated and can be predicted within a family--is constant from episode to episode and typically numbers two or three.
Some consequences of the PSR include danger to automobile drivers when emerging from dim light, such as a tunnel, into full sunlight, and disruption of outdoor group photos. More recently, reports in publications oriented to military medicine have noted the potential danger to pilots experiencing the PSR. In fact, studies conducted by the military revealed that the PSR is not mediated by specific wavelengths of light and thus cannot be mitigated by the use of filtering lenses; rather the investigators concluded that the PSR is induced by changes in light intensity. Others have not found flickering light to precipitate the PSR. Exactly how sunlight causes some people to sneeze remains unknown.


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Boulder, CO, October 1, 2007 – NeuroMark, a Boulder, Colorado company, announced today the immediate availability of a genetic test to identify people at risk of suicidal ideation—thoughts of committing suicide—when prescribed an antidepressant drug. The test, called the Mark-C™ test, is expected to help restore public confidence in antidepressant medication and help to reduce a recently announced spike in suicide rates among U.S. youth. "This is an exciting example of the power of genetics to address a critical need and make important drugs safer for patients worldwide," stated Kim Bechthold, NeuroMark's CEO.
In September 2007, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), announced that in 2004 there was a 8% rise in suicide rates among 10-19 year olds, the year that the FDA issued public health warnings linking antidepressant drugs with suicidal ideation and behavior. "The largest percentage increase in rates from 2003 to 2004 was among females aged 10—14 (75.9%), followed by females aged 15—19 years (32.3%) and males aged 15—19 years (9%)," according to the CDC.
In a statement, the company said, "We feel a sense of responsibility, given the current climate, to provide the test to physicians immediately so that they may identify patients who would benefit from closer monitoring or even a change in therapy. It is our hope that this early test will encourage more people to consider antidepressant drug treatment who would benefit from it."
"Before the NeuroMark test, we couldn't differentiate between the subset of patients who were at risk of suicidal ideation and those who could more safely take an antidepressant drug," stated NeuroMark president Dr. Peter Tolias. "The Mark-C test is highly predictive and identifies citalopram-treated patients who are at high risk for suicidal ideation. The test also identifies people at low risk, giving the physician more confidence in prescribing citalopram," he added.
A Nation-Wide Confirmatory Study
In a unique move, the company is inviting physicians and patients across the country to participate in prospectively collecting data to confirm and extend the predicted risk of the Mark-C test. The data will be compiled in the Mark-C Outcomes Database and participating physicians and patients will be notified as new data they submit confirms and extends the predictive value and clinical utility of the test.
Patients can participate by filling out a short QUIDS-SR "self-described" inventory at each appointment with their doctor. The inventory is submitted by their doctor to the database where scientists will study the results and extended information. In this way each patient is contributing to further developing the test for other patients. The patient's identity is not disclosed and each patient will be advised when the database is updated and expanded. This is the first nationwide prospective gathering of data conducted in partnership with patients and families and their physicians.
The test is being made available in accordance with the requirements and standards of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA). An FDA-approved version of the test is expected to be available within a year.
Importance of Identifying Those at Risk by Examining Genes
It is widely known that antidepressant use decreases the risk of suicide; a recent study of 200,000 depressed veterans found that those taking an antidepressant had one-third the risk of suicide of those who were not. "That is why identifying the small number of patients at risk is so beneficial for the clinician; many more patients can safely benefit from treatment," a company official stated.
In a discovery announced today in the American Journal of Psychiatry, scientists at the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) have identified the first set of genes associated with the risk for treatment emergent suicidal ideation when a patient is prescribed the widely used antidepressant drug citalopram, which is available under the brand name Celexa® and various generic versions. NeuroMark's Mark-C test, a first-in-class test, includes the genetic markers announced today by the NIMH and the American Journal of Psychiatry, and additional markers chosen to increase the predictive power of the test. Authors of the study, "Genetic Markers of Suicidal Ideation Emerging During Citalopram Treatment of Major Depression," stated that patients found at risk for suicidal ideation "may benefit from closer monitoring, alternative treatments and/or specialty care."
FDA Black Box Warning Cited as Possible Cause of Rise
The public health warning linking antidepressant medications with suicidal thinking and behavior in young adults was issued by the FDA and European regulatory agencies in 2003 and 2004. "Black box" labeling is the highest level of warning and was mandated to be placed on all classes of antidepressant drugs by the agency. A decrease in the use of antidepressant drugs began in that year. The decrease in prescribing is linked to the significant rise in U.S. suicide rates that began in the same year, according to a recently published paper by Gibbons et al. in the September issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry. The increase in suicides came after a 28% decline in suicides rates over a 15 year period. According to Nemeroff, et.al, (Archives of General Psychiatry, April 2007) antidepressant drug prescriptions declined by an average of 4% per month from April 2002 to February 2004.
According to the CDC, suicides account for more than 32,000 deaths annually in the U.S. The National Alliance for the Mentally Ill reports that suicide deaths consistently outnumber homicide deaths by a margin of three to two.
There was broad news coverage in 2004 of the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior associated with antidepress- ant drugs and the action taken by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The U.S. agency recently expanded the warning label to include people up to the age of 24.
Genes Identified in the NIMH STAR*D Trial
A study, called the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression Study (STAR*D), sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Institute for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, the National Human Genome Research Institute, the NIH and the Swedish Research Council, enrolled 4,000 patients over four years. The study was the largest trial of its kind ever undertaken. Participating patients were diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder and ranged in age from 18 to 75. Patients submitting DNA numbered 1,915. The scientists chose 768 genetic markers to screen in the 68 genes that sampled five broad signaling pathways of potential importance in antidepressant drugs. Suicidal ideation emerged during treatment in 120 out of 1742 patients sampled in the study. Suicidal ideation occurred very early in the course of treatment, 69% by the 21st day and 92% by the 28th day. It also occurred upon change in medication dose. After the end of the 14 week treatment period the authors studied, suicidal ideation persisted in 37% of patients and fluctuated in 15%, or a total of 52% of patients. Twenty-four percent of patients carrying the genetic markers went into remission compared to 42.8% of controls.
How the Mark-C Test Works
The Mark-C test is very simple. It requires a cotton swab to be brushed inside of the patient's cheek to obtain a sample of DNA. Test results are reported to the physician Test results are reported to the physician within 2-4 days from receipt of the sample. Two of the markers probed by the Mark-C test reside in genes that encode receptors for the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. These are the genes GRIK2 and GRIA3, both of which encode ionotropic glutamate receptors, the most prominent neuronal membrane receptors in the mammalian brain activated by normal neurophysiologic processes.
There are 4.2 million new prescriptions written per year in the U.S. for citalopram including the brand drug Celexa® and a number of generic citalopram drugs according to IMS Health's 2006 National Prescription Drug Audit.
For more information visit www.neuromark.com
***Editors Note: For an interview with NeuroMark officials, please use contact at top of page.
American Journal of Psychiatry


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Published September 9, 2018
From Owerri
The Inspector General of Police, Ibrahim Idris, has told the operatives of the reformed Federal Special Anti-Robbery Squad to desist from checking citizens' bank accounts details.
The IG also warned the F-SARS operatives not to invade people's phones and laptops unless they have a court order or an instruction from the commissioner of police in charge of a state police command.
Speaking during a workshop on the reformed F-SARS in Owerri, Imo state, the IGP warned that any F-SARS operatives who violate the new rules would be dismissed from the force immediately.
Ibrahim, who was represented by the Deputy commissioner of police in charge of the IGP's X-Squad, Amaechi Elumelu, said that any F-SARS operative who handles cases not related to armed robbery and kidnapping would equally be dismissed from the Nigeria police force.
He said that under the new era in F-SARS, the operatives must be professional and respect the rights and privileges of all citizens.
The IGP recalled that in the past, F-SARS was considered the most elitist and professional Unit of the Police force because of its conduct.
He regretted that in the last two years, the Unit had been riddled with allegations of abuse and excesses which made the public to call for its disbandment.
He said "under the reformed F-SARS, it is illegal to search suspects phones, computers, or inquire about their bank account details without proper authorization."
"Henceforth, the F-SARS Commanders must get directives from the State Commissioners before invading people's privacies. Any officer who disobeys will be dismissed."
The police boss disclosed that all operatives of F-SARS would undergo medical evaluation in order to guarantee their mental, psychological, emotional conditions.
He advised all F-SARS operatives to be computer literate in order to adapt to the current innovations going on in the department.
The police boss warned the operatives not to detain any suspect for more than 48 hours without a remand order from the court.
He also called for the establishment of a medical department in F-SARS so as to provide medical assistance to sick suspects.
The F-SARS commander in Imo state, Geoffrey Victor, a chief superintendent of police, said that the Unit under his supervision would obey and carry out the IGP's instructions under the reformed F-SARS to the letter


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Amazon App Store Download for FREE, please leave us positive feedback: http://www.amazon.com/KING-NET-Insect-Invasion-3D-Game/dp/B00M3QBQNY/
Play Online: using your PC or MAC (Tested using Chrome, Firefox and Microsoft Edge).
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Use Firefox or Internet Explorer to play online.
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Submarine Happy Dive Online Game is an Infinite Game. The longer you play the more you love this game.
Official Website: SubmarineHappyDive.com
For iPhone/iPad. Download it here: https://itunes.apple.com/en/app/id910046548
For Android device. Download it here: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.que.submarine2d
Play Submarine Happy Dive 2D Game (Tested using Chrome, Firefox and Microsoft Edge).
Downed 2D Game is a fall down to the maze. Avoid being caught by the electric lines and all cute monster to stay alive. You score every time you pass the maze. It's fun to play. It's a touch control (left and right) or use tilt control. Go to Setting to change it.
Official Website: Downed.com
For iPhone. Download it here: https://itunes.apple.com/en/app/id907365657
Martian Invasion is a 2D Game, it's fun to play. Destroy all Martian's Invader.
Official Website: MartianInvasion.com
For iPhone/iPad. Download it here: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/martian-invasion/id914295791


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[AUTHENTICITY CERTIFIED: Text version below transcribed directly from audio]
Thank you, Senator. I, too, am really pleased that President Obama and Mrs. Obama have come down to Dallas. I also want to welcome [the] vice president and Mrs. Biden; Mr. Mayor; Chief Brown; elected officials; members of the law enforcement community.
Today the nation grieves, but those of us who love Dallas and call it home have had five deaths in the family. Laura and I see members of law enforcement every day. We count -- We count them as our friends. And we know, like for every other American, that their courage is our protection and shield.
We're proud of the men we mourn and the community that has rallied to honor them and support the wounded. Our mayor and police chief and our police department have been mighty inspirations for the rest of the nation.
These slain officers were the best among us:
- Lorne Ahrens, beloved husband to detective Katrina Ahrens and father of two;
- Michael Krol, caring son, brother, uncle, nephew, and friend;
- Michael Smith, U.S. Army veteran, devoted husband, and father of two;
- Brent Thompson, Marine Corps vet, recently married;
- Patrick Zamarippa, U.S. Navy Reserve combat veteran, proud father, and loyal Texas Rangers fan.
With their deaths, we have lost so much. We are grief stricken, heartbroken, and forever grateful.
Every officer has accepted a calling that sets them apart. Most of us imagine if the moment called for, that we would risk our lives to protect a spouse or a child. Those wearing the uniform assume that risk for the safety of strangers. They and their families share the unspoken knowledge that each new day can bring new dangers.
But none of us were prepared, or could be prepared, for an ambush by hatred and malice. The shock of this evil still has not faded.
At times it seems like the forces pulling us apart are stronger than the forces binding us together. Argument turns too easily into animosity. Disagreement escalates too quickly into de-humanization.
Too often we judge other groups by their worst examples, while judging ourselves by our best intentions. And this has -- And this has strained our bonds of understanding and common purpose.
But Americans, I think, have a great advantage. To renew our unity, we only need to remember our values. We have never been held together by blood or background. We are bound by things of the spirit, by shared commitments to common ideals.
At our best, we practice empathy, imagining ourselves in the lives and circumstances of others. This is the bridge across our nation's deepest divisions.
And it's not merely a matter of tolerance, but of learning from the struggles and stories of our fellow citizens and finding our better selves in the process.
At our best, we honor the image of God we see in one another. We recognize that we are brothers and sisters, sharing the same brief moment on Earth and owing each other the loyalty of our shared humanity.
At our best, we know we have one country, one future, one destiny. We do not want the unity of grief, nor do we want the unity of fear. We want the unity of hope, affection, and high purpose.
We know that the kind of just, humane country we -- we want to build, that we have seen in our best dreams, is made possible when men and women in uniform stand guard. At their best, when they're trained and trusted and accountable, they free us from fear.
The Apostle Paul said, "For God gave us a spirit not of fear, but of strength and love and self-control."1 Those are the best responses to fear in the life of our country; and they're the code of the peace officer.
Today, all of us feel a sense of loss -- but not equally. I'd like to conclude with the word of the families, the spouses, and especially the children of the fallen: Your loved one['s] time with you was too short. They did not get a chance to properly say goodbye. But they went where duty called. They defended us, even to the end. They finished well. We will not forget what they did for us.
Your loss is unfair. We cannot explain it. We can stand beside you and share your grief. And we can pray that God will comfort you with a hope deeper than sorrow and stronger than death.
May God bless you.
1 2 Timothy 1: 7
Audio Source: C-SPAN.org
Page Updated: 7/25/20
Page Updated: 7/25/20
U.S. Copyright Status: Text = Uncertain. Audio = Property of AmericanRhetoric.com.


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[193 U.S. 38, 39] This action was brought under 7 of the act of July 2, 1890 (26 Stat. at L. 209, chap. 647, U. S. Comp, Stat. 1901, p. 3202), commonly called the anti-trust act. The section reads as follows:
Plaintiffs in error (defendants below) seek to review the judgment of the circuit court of appeals for the ninth circuit (52 C. C. A. 621, 115 Fed. 27), affirming a judgment for plaintiffs, entered in the circuit court for the northern district of California, upon a verdict of a jury. 106 Fed. 38.
It appeared in evidence on the trial in the United States circuit court that the plaintiffs for many years prior to the commencement of this action had been copartners, doing business as such in the city of San Francisco in the state of California, and dealing in tiles, mantels, and grates, and that The Tile, Mantel, & Grate Association of California, and the officers and members thereof, had since on or about the-day of January, 1898, constituted under that name an unincorporated organization composed of wholesale dealers in tiles, mantels, and grates, who were citizens and residents of the city and county of San Francisco, or the city of Sacramento, or the city of San Jos e in the state of California, and such organization was also composed of the manufacturers of tiles, mantels, [193 U.S. 38, 40] and grates, who were residents of other states, and engaged in the sale of their manufactured articles (among others) to the various other defendants in the state of California. There were no manufacturers of tiles within the state of California, and all the defendants who were residents of that state and who were also dealers in tiles, in the prosecution of their business, procured the tiles from outside the state of California and from among those manufacturers who were made defendants herein. The manufacturers and dealers were thus engaged in the prosecution of a business which, with reference to the sales of tiles, amounted to commerce between the states. Under these circumstances the dealers in tiles, living in San Francisco, or within a radius of 200 miles thereof, and being some of the defendants in this action, together with the eastern manufacturers of tile, who are named as defendants herein, formed an association called The Tile, Mantel, & Grate Association of California. The objects of the association, as stated in the constitution thereof, were to unite all acceptable dealers in tiles, fireplace fixtures, and mantels in San Francisco and vicinity (within a radius of 200 miles) and all American manufacturers of tiles, and by frequent interchange of ideas advance the interests and promote the mutual welfare of its members.
By its constitution, article I., 1, it was provided that any individual, corporation, or firm engaged in or contemplating engaging in the tile, mantel, or grate business in San Francisco, or within a radius of 200 miles thereof (not manufacturers), having an established business and carrying not less than $3,000 worth of stock, and having been proposed by a member in good standing and elected, should, after having signed the constitution and by-laws governing the association, and upon the payment of an entrance fee as provided, enjoy all the privileges of membership. It was provided in the second section of the same article that all associated and individual manufacturers of tiles and fireplace fixtures throughout the United States might become nonresident members of the association upon the payment of an entrance fee as provided, and after having signed the constitution and bylaws governing [193 U.S. 38, 41] the association. The initiation fee was, for active members, $25, and for nonresident members $10, and each active member of the association was to pay $10 per year as dues, but no dues were charged against nonresidents.
An executive committee was to be appointed whose duty it was to examine all applications for membership in the association and report on the same to the asociation. It does not appear what vote was necessary to elect a member, but it is alleged in the complaint that it required the unanimous consent of the association to become a member thereof, and it was further alleged that by reason of certain business difficulties there were members of the association who were antagonistic to plaintiffs, and who would not have permitted them to join if they had applied, and that plaintiffs were not eligible to join the association for the further reason that they did not carry at all times stock of the value of $3,000.
The by-laws, after providing for the settlement of disputes between the members and their customers, by reason of liens, foreclosure proceedings, etc., enacted as follows, in article III.:
The term 'list prices,' referred to in the seventh section, was a list of prices adopted by the association, and when what are called 'unset' tile were sold by a member to any one not a member, they were sold at the list prices so adopted, which [193 U.S. 38, 42] were more than 50 per cent higher than when sold to a member of the association.
The plaintiffs had established a profitable business and were competing with all the defendants who were dealers, and engaged in the business of purchasing and selling tiles, grates, and mantels in San Francisco prior to the formation of this association. The plaintiffs had also before that time been accustomed to purchase all their tile from tile manufacturers in eastern states (who were also named as parties defendant in this action), and all of those manufacturers subsequently joined the association. The plaintiffs were not members of the association and had never been, and had never applied for membership therein, and had never been invited to join the same.
The proof shows that by reason of the formation of this association the plaintiffs have been injured in their business, because they were unable to procure tile from the manufacturers at any price, or from the dealers in San Francisco, at less than the price set forth in the price list mentioned in the seventh section of the by-laws, supra, which was more than 50 per cent over the price at which members of the association could purchase the same. Before the formation of the association the plaintiffs could and did procure their tile from the manufacturers at much less cost than it was possible for them to do from the dealers in San Francisco after its formation.
There was proof on the part of the defendants below that the condition of carrying $3,000 worth of stock, as mentioned in the constitution, had not always been enforced, but there was no averment or proof that the article of the constitution on that subject had ever been altered or repealed.
The jury rendered a verdict for $500 for the plaintiffs, and, pursuant to the provisions of the seventh section of the act, judgment for treble that sum, together with what the trial court decided to be a reasonable attorney's fee, was entered for the plaintiffs.
Mr. William M. Pierson for plaintiffs in error.
[193 U.S. 38, 44] Mr. Joseph C. Campbell and Messrs. Campbell, Metson & Campbell for defendants in error.
Statement by Mr. Justice Peckham:
Mr. Justice Peckham, after making the foregoing statement, delivered the opinion of the court:
The question raised by the plaintiffs in error in this case is, whether this association, described in the foregoing statement of facts, constituted or amounted to an agreement or combination in restraint of trade within the meaning of the so-called antitrust act of July 2, 1890?
The result of the agreement when carried out was to prevent the dealer in tiles in San Francisco, who was not a member of the association, from purchasing or procuring the same upon any terms from any of the manufacturers who were such members, and all of those manufacturers who had been accustomed to sell to the plaintiffs were members. The nonmember [193 U.S. 38, 45] dealer was also prevented by the agreement from buying tiles of a dealer in San Francisco who was a member, excepting at a greatly enhanced price over what he would have paid to the manufacturer or to any San Francisco dealer who was a member, if he, the purchaser, were also a member of the association. The agreement, therefore, restrained trade, for it narrowed the market for the sale of tile in California from the manufacturers and dealers therein in other states, so that they could only be sold to the members of the association, and it enhanced prices to the nonmember as already stated.
The plaintiffs endeavored in vain to procure tile for the purposes of their business from these tile manufacturers, but the latter refused to deal with them because plaintiffs were not members of the association. It is not the simple case of manufacturers of an article of commerce between the several states refusing to sell to certain other persons. The agreement is between manufacturers and dealers belonging to an association in which the dealers agree not to purchase from manufacturers not members of the association, and not to sell unset tile to any one not a member of the association for less than list prices, which are more than 50 per cent higher than the prices would be to those who were members, while the manufacturers who became members agreed not to sell to anyone not a member, and in case of a violation of the agreement they were subject to forfeiting their membership. By reason of this agreement, therefore, the market for tile is, as we have said, not only narrowed, but the prices charged by the San Francisco dealers for the unset tile to those not members of the association are more than doubled. It is urged that the sale of unset tile, provided for in the seventh section of the bylaws, is a transaction wholly within the state of California and is not in any event a violation of the act of Congress which applies only to commerce between the states. The provision as to this sale is but a part of the agreement, and it is so united with the rest as to be incapable of separation without at the same time altering the general purpose of the agreement. The whole agreement is to be construed as [193 U.S. 38, 46] one piece, in which the manufacturers are parties as well as the San Francisco dealers, and the refusal to sell on the part of the manfacturers is connected with and a part of the scheme which includes the enhancement of the price of the unset tile by the San Francisco dealers. The whole thing is so bound together that when looked at as a whole the sale of unset tile ceases to be a mere transaction in the state of California, and becomes part of a purpose which, when carried out, amounts to and is a contract or combination in restraint of interstate trade or commerce.
Again, it is contended the sale of unset tile is so small in San Francisco as to be a negligible quantity; that it does not amount to 1 per cent of the business of the dealers in tile in that city. The amount of trade in the commodity is not very material, but even though such dealing heretofore has been small, it would probably largely increase when those who formerly purchased tile from the manufacturers are shut out by reason of the association and their nonmembership therein from purchasing their tile from those manufacturers, and are compelled to purchase them from the San Francisco dealers. Either the extent of the trade in unset tile would increase between the members of the association and outsiders, or else the latter would have to go out of business, because unable to longer compete with their rivals who were members. In either event, the combination, if carried out, directly effects a restraint of interstate commerce.
It is also contended that, as the expressed object of the association was to unite therein all the dealers in San Francisco and vicinity, the plaintiffs had nothing more to do than join the association, pay their fees and dues, and become like one of the other members. It was not, however, a matter of course to permit any dealer to join. The constitution only provided for 'all acceptable dealers' joining the association. As plaintiffs were not invited to be among its founders, it would look as if they were not regarded as acceptable. However that may be, they never subsequently to its formation applied for admission. It is plain that the question of their admission, if they had so applied, was one to be arbitrarily [193 U.S. 38, 47] determined by the association. The constitution provided for the appointment of an executive committee, whose duty it was to examine all applications for membership in and to report on the same to the association, after which it was to decide whether the applicants should be admitted or not. If they were not acceptable, the applicant would not be admitted, and whether they were or not was a matter for the arbitrary decision of the association. Its decision that they were not acceptable was sufficient to bar their entrance.
Again, it appears that plaintiffs were not eligible under the constitution because they did not always carry stock worth $3,000, which, by 1 of article I., was made a condition of eligibility to membership. True, it was stated in evidence that this provision had not been enforced, but there was no averment or proof that it had been repealed, and there was nothing to prevent its enforcement at any time that an application was made by anyone who could not come up to the condition. The case stands, therefore, that the plaintiffs had not been asked to join the association at its formation; that they did not fill the condition provided for in its constitution as to eligibilty, and that if they had applied their application was subject to arbitrary rejection.
The plaintiffs, however, could not, by virtue of any agreement contained in such association, be legally put under obligation to become members in order to enable them to transact their business as they had theretofore done, and to purchase tile as they had been accustomed to do before the association was formed.
The consequences of nonmembership were grave, if not disastrous, to the plaintiffs. It has already been shown how the prices of tile were enhanced so far as plaintiffs were concerned, and how, by means of this combination, interstate commerce was affected.
The purchase and sale of tile between the manufacturers in one state and dealers therein in California was interstate commerce within the Addyston Pipe Case, 175 U.S. 211 , 44 L. ed. 136, 20 Sup. Ct. Rep. 96. It was not a combination or monopoly among manufacturers simply, but one between them and dealers in the manufactured article, [193 U.S. 38, 48] which was an article of commerce between the states. United States v. E. C. Knight Co. 156 U.S. 1 , 39 L. ed. 325, 15 Sup. Ct. Rep. 249, did not, therefore, cover it. It is not brought within either Hopkins v. United States, 171 U.S. 578 , 43 L. ed 290, 19 Sup. Ct. Rep. 40, or Anderson v. United States, 171 U.S. 604 , 43 L. ed. 300, 19 Sup. Ct. Rep. 50. In the first case it was held that the occupation of the members of the association was not interstate commerce, and in the other that the subject- matter of the agreement did not directly relate to, embrace, or act upon interstate commerce, for the reasons which are therein stated at length. Upon examination we think it is entirely clear that the facts in the case at bar bear no resemblance to the facts set forth in either of the above cases and are not within the reasoning of either. The agreement directly affected and restrained interstate commerce.
The case we regard as a plain one and it is unnecessary to further enlarge upon it.
There is one other question which, although of secondary importance, is raised by the plaintiffs in error. After the rendition of the verdict the plaintiffs below claimed a reasonable attorney's fee under the seventh section of the act, and made proof of what would be a reasonable sum therefor, from which it appeared that it would be from $750 to $1,000. The trial court awarded to the plaintiffs $750. The verdict being only for $ 500, the plaintiffs in error claimed that the allowance was an improper and unreasonable one. The trial took some five days. The judgment in effect pronounced the association illegal. The amount of the attorney's fee was within the discretion of the trial court, reasonably exercised, and we do not think that in this case such discretion was abused.
The judgment is affirmed.
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I was just watching the marvelous To Kill a Mockingbird recently, such a beautiful film, and one of my forever favorites. Gregory Peck as Atticus is one of my all time heroes, and the entire movie was perfectly cast.
For those of you unfamiliar with it, To Kill a Mockingbird recalls the tale of young Scout Finch (Mary Badham) growing up in Alabama during the Depression, her father Atticus is a trial lawyer. When Atticus is called upon to defend a black man accused of rape, we see the tale unfold through Scout's eyes. It's a tale of prejudice and suspicion, but also a tale of the simple wonders of childhood, and how Scout learns compassion and tolerance. I cannot recommend it enough. (And as for the new prequel, Go Set a Watchman –– at first I was eager to read it, but now not so much as Atticus has been recast late in his life as a bigot…Can't bring myself to read it–Yet.)
Anyway, it may seem trivial to point all the actors here who also appeared on Star Trek, but it just goes to show how caring the casting directors of Trek took great care to hire the best character actors. Enjoy.
First of all, Atticus' friend and Sheriff of the town, Heck Tate, is played by Frank Overton, who TOS fans recognize as Elias Sandoval from This Side of Paradise:
Scout's summertime friend Dill Harris is played by a tiny John Megna, who would grow quite a bit a mere three years later to play the nasty 'Bonk Bonk!" boy in Miri:
The father of the mysterious neighbor Boo Radley is played by veteran actor Richard Hall, who was also Goro in The Paradise Syndrome.
At the trial, Judge Taylor is Paul Fix, who'd be Dr. Mark Piper in Where No Man Has Gone Before.
Atticus' opponent, Prosecutor Mr. Gilmer is played perfectly by the versatile William Windom, who cemented his Trek fame as Commodore Decker in The Doomsday Machine.
And finally, although he wasn't in the original series, the poor defendant, Tom Robinson, is played with heartbreaking anguish by Brock Peters. Peters would later have prominent roles in Star Trek IV (Voyage Home) and Star Trek VI (Undiscovered Country) as Admiral Cartwright and in Star Trek Deep Space Nine as Joseph Sisko, the father of Commander Sisko 🙂


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The term "present truth" has come to mean much to God's Church over the past few years, and it is possibly going to mean more to us now.
The "present truth"—truth that we have at this moment in time—truth that is "presently" with us is a possible reality that is not easy to carry. We have believed that Jesus Christ would begin his return in the atmosphere of this earth today, the Sabbath day of May 26th. We have believed this to be a matter of timing for sundown in Jerusalem toward the end of May 26th.
As I write this, that time is just about here and nothing has begun in the world that would signal the need or purpose for that reality—Christ's return. Yes, it could still take place, as the timing in this present day of a worldwide observance of God's Sabbath is still ongoing. Such is fully in God's hands and according to His will, as to what comes to pass and when. It is true that after the captivity of Judah in Babylon that the Jewish people began using the Babylon system of counting time and God did begin to deal with them more according to the type of system they had begun to use. Certainly the weekly Sabbath and annual Holy Days were still counted according to God's calendar of timing.
So today, I will still look for the possible fulfillment of all those things we have looked forward to right up to the end of the Sabbath day in Hawaii, as that is the timing used today in this modern world.
Yet I feel compelled to write this post, as I strongly feel it is necessary for God's people right now. I will still look for the possibility of Christ's coming right up until the very end of this Sabbath on earth. For the sake of all God's people, I hope that there is not more we must learn concerning Christ's return, but it appears we likely do have more to "see." We know there is much that God has been revealing, in the manner that He has, which is due to a great spiritual war that continues right up to the coming of Jesus Christ. We have come to "see" (by experience and revelation from God) that God reveals to us what we need when we need it, especially during this end-time and the closing out of this age of mankind, with the process of bringing to an end Satan's influence and rule in this world.
A Heavy Heart
The expression that best describes some of my emotion and empathy toward God's Church at this time is that of a "heavy heart." Though many ridicule and shake their head in disbelief of what we have published for this world over the past few years, and they will undoubtedly become worse after this time, I understand their disbelief. I also understand our belief and our holding fast to the truth God has revealed to us.
As the hours progressed this morning toward what we have looked to as a final countdown to Christ's coming, there have been those things that have been flooding my mind that I have not wanted to address, but felt I should. I have experienced this every time in the past when God has begun revealing His will and purpose to me—revelation of more truth—understanding and clarification of truth already given.
We have indeed gone through many mixed feelings over the past few weeks as we have approached this Pentecost of 2012. The anticipation of such an event right up to the last minute reminds me of Abraham when he was about to follow through with the sacrifice of his own son. The feelings and emotion of such a time cannot be understood nor appreciated until having experienced something similar in faith. We now relate more to Noah than we ever did in the past. Such is pleasing to God that people remain faithful to the end when God intervenes to fulfill His word or to reveal another way. God revealed another way to Abraham. As I consider these truths, I understand the outrage that some will manifest by these words. I also understand the relief that God is giving me to "see" what He is revealing concerning "another way," or an addition and clarification of "His way" to bring the end-time to a close.
By the end of this day, in the last time zone for this Sabbath day, if Jesus Christ has not begun his return to this earth, then we will do as a minister in the Netherlands said to me today concerning what God admonishes His people to do, "We move forward." Indeed we will, for we know God's Church.
So candidly, I am disappointed that Jesus Christ hasn't begun his return. But I am also excited to know that there remains a short work in front of us. That will be explained in the Pentecost sermon that I will be organizing and prerecording as soon as I finish writing this post.
I wasn't disappointed when God revealed to us that the two witnesses are not literally killed and then lie dead in the streets of Jerusalem for 3 ½ days. That revelation was easy to receive. That which God is now revealing is a little more difficult because we had our hope so set on Christ coming on this Pentecost. Knowing that he may not is indeed disappointing, but it is not something to shake our faith in any manner. Instead, we take the good with the bad and we move forward!
That which is most important is that we follow God where ever He leads and however He leads us. The reality is that due to what God is now revealing, I am also encouraged to see that much of what was written in 2008 – God's Final Witness will become more meaningful and more powerfully revealed.
These things I am writing at this moment are being done so quickly in order to inform all God's people that we are to "be strong and of good courage." What we are living is not easy, but it is all for a very great purpose. Do not become discouraged, even though we know what is ahead will be difficult. People will have to face matters of employment, humility, finances, ridicule, etc., but we move forward ever thankful that the past 3 ½ years were not of great physical tribulation on this earth with the suffering it would have brought with it. But what is ahead is not easy. It will be difficult, but God will see us through.
Having said all this, I am now going to begin working on the Pentecost sermon that will be posted as soon as it is finished, just as this past Sabbath's prerecorded sermon was posted. In this manner we can begin regrouping and refocusing on what lies ahead. Time passes and our hardships and trials will pass, and in all this God will be with you and give you the strength and intervention you need to move forward.
This Pentecost sermon will explain much. God has been merciful to us and has revealed so much to us over the past few years. He continues to do so. Wait on Him for He will not forsake us nor leave us.
Through all this my initial hope remains the same, as the sun has not set on the 26th in all the world. But if we must go forward, then so be it! God's will be done.


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10-Frame West Beetle Trap Complete
In stock
West Beetle trap fits on a level bottom board (not Included)
Use this trap any time beetles are present. However since Small Hive Beetles (S.H.B.) are temperature sensitive it will be far more effective during late spring to fall when beetles are out of the cluster and most active. Included with your West Beetle Trap are wooden spacers needed to modify your bottom board (not included), to allow the honey bees to enter and exit the hive while the West Beetle Trap is in place.
Before installing the West Beetle Trap, thoroughly clean and scrape, if necessary, any debris or burr comb from the bottom board that may interfere with the proper placement of the West Beetle Trap. It is critical that the trap is level before adding the vegetable oil. Place trap on bottom and fill 1/2 with oil, purchased separately. Place cover on trap. Do not pour oil through the trap cover, as any spilled oil may cause bee mortality. At this time you may reassemble your hive and start trapping beetles! Periodic cleaning of the traps is necessary. Check traps every 7-14 days.Tips: The manipulation of your colony will disturb the S.H.B. hiding spots causing them to move around in the colony and find the trap sooner. Storage and Disposal After use, discard used oil in an approved manner. Clean traps and store away from direct sunlight and any pesticides. BOTTOM BOARD NOT INCLUDED
Ship wt. 5 lbs.
|Shipping Type
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|Hive Width Compatible
|Treatment Type
|Hive Beetle
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text:
Finally saying out loud what many have long sensed and/or demanded, Greg Daniels has confirmed that the next season of The Office will be its last, assuaging any lingering fears that the show was hoping to just keep going like this. Daniels—whose return to the series he described as "the last chance to make an artistic ending for the show"—made the announcement on a conference call, during which he also let out a few details on the upcoming season that could be considered spoilers, should you have any remaining vested interest in plot details on The Office.
Among them: "more drama in the Jim and Pam storyline;" a more aggressive, Outward Bound-trained Andy tormenting Nellie; a return from Roy, who invites Jim and Pam to his wedding; and the addition of the previously announced Clark Duke and also Jake Lacy as two twentysomething pals "hired to go through the 4,000-plus unanswered customer complaint voicemails" after Mindy Kaling's Kelly leaves. Perhaps most intriguing of all, the audience is finally "going to see who's behind the documentary," setting up the potential for all sorts of theorizing. Is it aliens? We're going to guess "aliens."


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1 And God remembered Noah, and every living animal, and all the cattle that were with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters were checked. 2 The fountains also of the deep, and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained; 3 And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated. 4 And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat.
5 And the waters decreased continually, till the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen. 6 And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made: 7 And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, till the waters were dried from off the earth. 8 Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground; 9 But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned to him into the ark; for the waters were on the face of the whole earth. Then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in to him into the ark. 10 And he stayed yet other seven days, and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark; 11 And the dove came in to him in the evening, and lo, in her mouth was an olive-leaf plucked off: So Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth. 12 And he stayed yet other seven days, and sent forth the dove; which returned not again to him any more. 13 And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and behold, the face of the ground was dry. 14 And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dried.
15 And God spoke to Noah, saying, 16 Go forth from the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons' wives with thee. 17 Bring forth with thee every living animal that is with thee, of all flesh, of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping animal that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly on the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth. 18 And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him: 19 Every beast, every creeping animal, and every fowl, and whatsoever creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went out of the ark.
20 And Noah built an altar to the LORD, and took of every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and offered burnt-offerings on the altar. 21 And the LORD smelled a sweet savor; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake; for the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth: neither will I again smite any more every living animal as I have done.


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text:
|Little Known Asian Animals With a Promising Economic Future
source ref: b18ase.htm
Washington, D.C. 1983
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the Councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the Committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropiate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was established by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and of advising the federal government. The Council operates in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy under the authority of its congressional charter of 1863, which establishes the Academy as a private, nonprofit, self-governing membership corporation. The Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in the conduct of their services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. It is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine were established in 1964 and 1970, respectively, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences.
The Board on Science and Technology for International Development (BOSTID) of the Office of International Affairs addresses a range of issues arising from the ways in which science and technology in developing countries can stimulate and complement the complex processes of social and economic development. It oversees a broad program of bilateral workshops with scientific organizations in developing countries and conducts special studies. BOSTID's Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation publishes topical reviews of technical processes and biological resources of potential importance to developing countries.
This report has been prepared by an ad hoc advisory panel of the Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation, Board on Science and Technology for International Development, Office of International Affairs, National Research Council. Program costs for the study were provided by the Office of Technical Resources, Bureau for Asia, Agency for International Development, under Grant No. ASB-0249-SS-00-1026-00 and the Office of the Science Advisor, Agency for International Development, under Grant No. DAN/ 5538-G-SS-1023-00.
Funding for this printing was provided by the Office of Agriculture, Bureau for Science and Technology, Agency for International Development, Washington, D.C., under Grant No. DAN 1406-G-SS-4001-00.
First Printing, June 1983
Second Printing, July 1984
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 83-061909
Participants in the Study
HUGH POPENOE, Director, International Programs in Agriculture, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA, Chairman
AMBAR ROESYAT, Research Institute for Animal Husbandry, Bogor, Indonesia
1. B. ARKA, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
J. S. F. BARKER, Professor of Animal Sciences and Head of Department, The University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
KURT BENIRSCHKE, Research Department, San Diego Zoological Garden, San Diego, California, USA
BEN BERESKIN, Research Geneticist, Nonruminant Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Animal Science Institute, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
RALEIGH A. BLOUCH, World Wildlife Fund, Bogor, Indonesia
W. BONGERS, Nature Conservation Department, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
I. BONNEMAIRE, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Sciences Agronomiques Appliquees, Dijon, France
A. A. BOSMA, Vakgroep Funktionele Morfologie, Rijksuniversiteit, Utrecht, The Netherlands
D. BUTCHER, Assistant Director, Western Plains Zoo, Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia
G. S. CHILD, Wildlife and Parks Management Officer, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy
W. ROSS COCKRILL, International Animal Consultant, Almansil, Algarve, Portugal
PAUL CONRY, Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources, Department of Agriculture, Guam
HAROLD J. COOLIDGE, Former President, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Beverly, Massachusetts, USA
W. P. CROWCROFT, General Director, Metropolitan Zoo, Toronto, Canada
TONY J. CUNHA, Dean Emeritus, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California, USA
D. DEPPNER, Tropical Livestock Consultant, Washington, D.C., USA
C. DEVENDRA, Head, Feed Resources and Animal Nutrition Branch, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Selangor, Malaysia
J. M. DOLAN, San Diego Zoological Garden, San Diego, California, USA DUKUT SULARSASA, Department of Tropical Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
H. EPSTEIN, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Israel (retired)
T. FINNIE, Taronga Zoo, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
H. FISCHER, Director, Institute of Tropical Veterinary Medicine, JustusLiebig-Universitat, Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany
IAN FLETCHER, Project for Animal Research and Development, Bogor, Indonesia
ANNIE P. GRAY, Commonwealth Bureau of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Edinburgh, Scotland (retired)
R. B. GRIFFITHS, Director, Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy
1. R. GRiMWOOD, Nairobi, Kenya
COLIN P. GROVES, Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia
ULRICH HALDER, Swiss League for Nature Conservation, Basel, Switzerland
CHARLES G. HICKMAN, Livestock Consultant, A. Mithat Efendi Sokak No. 36/11, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
D. HOFFMAN, Veterinarian, Project for Animal Research and Development, Bogor, Indonesia
J. H. G. HOLMES, Department of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
H. HUITEMA, Veterinarian, Osterbeek, The Netherlands
J. H. HUTASOIT, Director-General, Livestock Services, Jakarta, Indonesia
BENT JORGENSEN, Director, Copenhagen Zoo, Copenhagen, Denmark
NAT KlEFFER, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
F. WAYNE KING, Director and Professor, Florida State Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
GRAHAM W. M. KIRBY, Principal Animal Production Officer, Department of Primary Production, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
HEINZ-GEORG KLOS, Director, Zoologischer Garten, Berlin, West Germany
KUSMAT TANUDIMADJA, Professor of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institut Pertanian, Bogor, Indonesia
JOHN K. LOOSLI, Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
JOHN A. LUKAS, White Oak Plantation, Yulee, Florida, USA
A. A. MACDONALD, Vakgroep Funktionele Morfologie, Rijksuniversiteit, Utrecht, The Netherlands
JOHN MACKINNON, Representative, World Wildlife Fund, Bogor, Indonesia
ROBERT E. McDOWELL, Professor, Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
JEFFREY A. McNEELY, Executive Officer, Commission on National Parks and Protected Areas, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland, Switzerland
ADRIAN G. MARSHALL, Honorary Secretary, Institute of South-east Asian Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, Scotland
[AN L. MASON, Animal Breeding Consultant, Edinburgh, Scotland
GEERT MONTSMA, Vakgroepen Veefokkerij, Veehouderij, Tropische Veehouderij, Wageningen, The Netherlands
J. B. MORAN, Senior Research Officer, Animal and Irrigated Pastures Research Institute, Kyabram, Victoria, Australia
ROBERT H. MILLER, Chief, Milk Secretion and Mastitis Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
JAN NARI, Director, Central Research Institute for Animal Science, Bogor, Indonesia
HARVEY NEESE, President, Agri-Food Systems International, Inc., Troy, Idaho, USA
I. M. NITIS, Department of Animal Nutrition and Tropical Pasture Production, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
WILLIAM L. R. OLIVER, Chairman, lUCN/SSC Pigs and Peccaries Specialist Group, Jersey, Channel Islands, United Kingdom
JOHN PAYNE, Wildlife Section, Forest Department, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia
W.J.A. PAYNE, Tropical Animal Breeding Consultant, London, England
RALPH W. PHILLIPS, Arlington, Virginia, USA
DONALD L. PLUCKNETT, Scientific Advisor, Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, Washington, D.C., USA
DAVID W. ROBINSON, Associate Dean, International Programs, University of California, Davis, California, USA
PATRICK J. ROBINSON, Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
D. H. L. ROLLINSON, Animal Production Officer, Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
CLIVE ROOTS, Director, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
J. A. SAYER, Nature Conservation and National Parks Project, FAO, Rangoon, Burma
R. E. SATTER, Nature Conservation and National Parks Project, FAO, Rangoon, Burma
GEORCE B. SCHALLER, New York Zoological Society, New York, New York, USA
JOHN SCHOTTLER, Principal Animal Production Officer, Department of Primary Industry, Lae, Papua New Guinea
GEORGE SEIFERT, CSIRO, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
ROGER V. SHORT, Professor of Reproductive Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
C. C. SINHA, Outdoor Recreation and Wildlife Research Division, Forest Research Institute, College, Laguna, Philippines
FREDERICK J. SIMOONS, Professor, Department of Geography, University of California, Davis, USA
C. D. SIMPSON, Senior Extension Specialist, Department of Agricultural, Technical and Extension Services, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
P. SITORUS, Research Institute for Animal Production, Bogor, Indonesia
A. J. SMITH, Royal School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
D. J. STOLP-DIEPEVEEN, Department of Tropical Animal Production, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
SUBANDRlYO, Research Institute for Animal Production, Bogor, Indonesia
W. SUMADI, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
L. M. TALBOT, World Wildlife Fund International, Gland, Switzerland
WARREN D. THOMAS, Director, Los Angeles Zoo, Los Angeles, California, USA
J. L. THROP, Director, Taronga Zoo, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
ALLEN D. TILLMAN, Private Consultant in Animal Production, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
DONALD G. TULLOCH, Division of Wildlife Research, CSIRO, Winnellie, Northern Territory, Australia
HELEN NEWTON TURNER, Genetics Research Laboratories, CSIRO, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
B. VAN PUIJENBROECK, Curator of Mammals, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
E. J. WARWICK, Visiting Professor, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
WARTOMO HARDJOSUBROTO, Lecturer in Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
R. H. WHARTON, Chief Research Scientist, CSIRO, Long Pocket Laboratories, Brisbane, Australia
J. L. WHEELER, Project Manager, Project for Animal Research and Development, Bogor, Indonesia
M.H. WOODFORD, Wildlife Veterinarian, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy
B.A.YOUNG, Department of Animal Science, the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
M.ZULBARDI, Research Institute for Animal Production, Bogor, Indonesia
NOEL D. VIETMEYER, Professional Associate, Board on Science and Technology for International Development, Asian Animals Study Director
National Research Council Staff
F. R. RUSKIN, BOSTID Editor
MARY JANE ENGQUIST, Staff Associate
CONSTANCE RECKS, Administrative Secretary
It is high time that the world was made aware of the valuable, large ruminant genetic resources of Southeast Asia.
J. B. MORAN Livestock Specialist Animal and Irrigated Pastures Research Institute Kyabram, Victoria, Australia
Without utilization preservation is doomed to failure. Local breeds able to perform well in difficult habitats, such as in sparse vegetation, mountainous terrain, or the tropics, should be used for their agricultural potential. Breeds that demonstrate hybrid vigor on crossing with improved or exotic breeds also merit utilization. Genetically unique breeds should be retained for scientific studies of genetics, evolution, and biochemistry. And aesthetically attractive and historically important breeds should be maintained in parks and preserves for their educational and cultural values.
I. L. MASON Animal Breeding Consultant Edinburgh. Scotland


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Iran ready to halt 20% uranium enrichment, West must reciprocate – Lavrov
Iran has confirmed it is prepared to halt its enrichment of 20-percent uranium, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said, urging Western nations to end their sanctions against Tehran.
"For the first time in many years, there are encouraging signs in the process of settlement of the situation with the Iranian nuclear program," he said in the interview to Kuwait's KUNA news agency, that was published on Russian Foreign Ministry's website.
"Without going into details, the Iranians confirm the most important [point]: Their readiness to stop 20 percent uranium enrichment at its current levels," Lavrov said."This could become a breakthrough agreement, significantly alleviating existing problems, including concerns about the possibility of advanced uranium enrichment to a weapons-grade level."
Such a move "implies significant reciprocal steps by the Six," the minister added, referring to the group of world powers seeking to peacefully resolve the issue of Iran's nuclear program.
"The international community must adequately respond to the
constructive progress made by Iran, including gradual suspension
and lifting of sanctions, both unilateral and those introduced by
the UN Security Council. It would be a shame not to take
advantage of this opportunity," Lavrov concluded.
News of Iran's possible concessions over its nuclear program comports with promises made by Iranian President-elect Hassan Rowhani, who vowed to make the program more transparent.
Still, the moderate cleric stressed on Monday that Tehran would not consider halting the country's uranium enrichment activities entirely. Rowhani insisted that Iran's nuclear activities are "within the framework of law," and dubbed the international sanctions "baseless."
Despite numerous accusations by Israel and the US that it is secretly conducting military nuclear research, Iran has maintained that its nuclear program is only for civilian purposes.
At his first media conference since winning the presidential elections, Rowhani – who previously headed Iran's delegation during nuclear talks with the six world powers – said that Tehran's nuclear activities "are already transparent," but "the only way to end the sanctions is to increase the transparency and trust" between Iran and the international community.
Washington has been expecting changes in Iran's hardline stance on the nuclear issue following the country's presidential elections. White House Chief of Staff Denis McDonough said Sunday on 'Face the Nation' that Washington is ready to work with the new administration in Tehran, "If he lives up to his obligations under the UN Security Council resolution to come clean on this illicit nuclear program."
But Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu remained unconvinced: "The international community must not become caught up in wishes and be tempted to relax the pressure on Iran to stop its nuclear program," he said.
President-elect Rowhani will assume office in August. He believes
that he can heal the "old wound" of troubled US-Iran relations if
Washington stops interfering in Tehran's internal affairs and
permanently ends its "bullying" practices towards Iran.


text:
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