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If Google's Really Proud Of Google+, It Should Share Some Real User Figures
Google+ now has 170 million users. Well, 170 million who have "upgraded" to Google+, whatever that means. It's the latest in crazy numbers from Google. The people who actually do use Google+ as a social network deserve better than this PR spin. It's time for Google to properly report their numbers, lest outsiders begin believing […]
Google+ now has 170 million users. Well, 170 million who have "upgraded" to Google+, whatever that means. It's the latest in crazy numbers from Google. The people who actually do use Google+ as a social network deserve better than this PR spin. It's time for Google to properly report their numbers, lest outsiders begin believing the "ghost town" moniker.
Do I sound tired? I am. We get numbers that aren't numbers, and this from the company that once spent a month in crisis mode back in 2005 when competitor Yahoo claimed to have more web pages indexed than it did. Oh dear. We had to have much navel gazing about how exactly one should count what a web page was. In the end, Google effectively declared that counting pages no longer matter. The famous web page count in the Google home page was dropped.
Google seems somewhat desperate to show that its social network — sorry, its social layer — is a success, and so we get these slippery numbers that mean so little.
The Official Numbers So Far
Let's recap the figures that Google has diligently reported since Google+ began:
- July 2011: 10 million
- October 2011: 40 million (30 million gain, 10 million per month)
- January 2012: 90 million (50 million gain, 16.7 million per month)
- April 2012: 170 million (80 million gain, 26.7 million per month)
I could make a little chart to show what skyrocketing growth is going on there, but why bother. The numbers don't really mean anything, and it's becoming absurd that Google keeps quoting them as if they do.
What's A User?
When the 10 million figure came out last July from Google, there was some poking at it but not a lot of heavy examination of what exactly a "user" meant.
When the 40 million figure came out, more starting wondering about how exactly someone was counted as a Google+ user. As it turned out, anyone who had created a Google+ account got counted, whether they were actively using that account or not. As I wrote then:
How about the 40 million figure that Google released today. Those are simply the number of people who have signed up for Google Plus, the company tells me. It's not an active user figure.
More accurately, it would be called the sign-up figure. Some of those will be active. Indeed, millions will have signed up within the past month, when Google+ opened to anyone. The mere act of signing up would make the active, at least for a bit longer. But not all of them.
What is the active user figure for Google Plus? That's not something Google's giving out, right now.
What's An Active User?
Oh, you want active users? OK, Google seemed to say. When the next figure came out in Jaunary, about Google+ having 90 million users, we were treated to learning there was a 60 percent "engagement" rate among these people.
But wait, as it turned out, it's not that those people are engaging on Google+ itself. Rather, they are people who have Google+ accounts who also do something within Google. From Page's written comments in an investor call at the time:
I have some amazing data to share there for the first time: +users are very engaged with our products — over 60% of them engage daily, and over 80% weekly.
Over six months into its product, and Google was still dodging a fairly simple question. How many people actually use the Google+ social network itself. You know, like people use Facebook, logging in to read posts, see photos, comment on things or share? How hard could this be to answer, if Google really wanted to?
The Virtual Ghost Town
Google didn't want to, not until a Wall Street Journal called Google+ a "virtual ghost town" compared to Facebook:
The Wall Street Journal calls you a ghost town? That demands action. Soon after, Google spilled some new figures to the New York Times in hopes of damage control:
About 50 million people who have created a Google Plus account actively use the company's Google Plus-enhanced products daily, Mr. Gundotra said. Over a 30-day period, he said, that number is 100 million active users.
Excellent. 100 million active users of Google+. That's crystal clear. If it's frosted crystal, that is, because the NYT article went on:
Although these numbers sound impressive, the catch is that Google Plus-enhanced properties include YouTube, the Android Marketplace and Google.com, the company's flagship search engine. Yet Google contends that these numbers illustrate that more than 100 million people have signed up for a Google Plus account and are now actively engaging with Google Plus-related products across the company.
What Isn't A Google+ Enhanced Product?
Yes, everyone knows that YouTube is a "Google Plus-related" product. Technically, I should write that as a "Google+-related product," a mess of punctuation caused by the lame name Google gave to its social network. Someone please get Justin Timberlake, er, Sean Parker to do a meeting with Page and say "drop the +."
Sorry, I digress. YouTube — which existed for years before Google+ — is now just some product related to Google+, I guess. I suppose that Google Search is some Google+-related product. Heck, basically I guess Google itself is now just Google+. Do anything there, and maybe that counts?
Bring in Guy Kawasaki!
At the SXSW conference last month, Kawasaki (above in the hat) diligently tried to get Vic Gundotra (on the right), the Google senior vice president who oversees social, to answer the question. Were these people actually using Google+? From my live blogging:
Guy's not happy, wants to know how many people do stuff just at Google+. Vic says that's the wrong way to measure, that measuring like that means things that happen at unnamed competitors [cough Facebook] might not even get counted properly for them, if you think that way.
Yeah, no answer.
Count The Google+ Social Layer?
Now we have this 170 million "upgraded" to Google+ figure that Google posted yesterday. What does that mean? Rafe Needleman at CNET diligently tried for clarity:
What does that really mean? Are 170 million people using the social network the way they use Facebook? I talked to Gundotra, as well as VP of Product for Google+ Bradley Horowitz, on a special Reporters' Roundtable interview this morning.
When I asked Gundotra how many people are using Google+, he deftly told me I was looking at it wrong. "You have to understand what Google+ is," he said. "It's really the unification of all of Google's services, with a common social layer."
No, we're not looking at it wrong. Google is just refusing to answer the question for its own reasons — which is probably because Google+ has far less activity as a standalone social network than either Facebook or Twitter. Perhaps even less than Pinterest, for that matter.
No, Let's Count The Actual Network
When Facebook says it has over 800 million active users, it really seems to mean people who came into Facebook and used the service in some way in a given month. They seem to be logged in and somehow actively using their accounts.
When Google talks about Google+ usage, saying someone was logged in and then visited one of the myriad of Google properties where some Google+ icon has spread like an outbreak of measles isn't cutting it for me. That's not using Google+. It's not. Sorry, it's not.
Using Google+ in my definition — and I think for many people who care — means they logged in with the specific purpose of reading content at plus.google.com — the actual Google+ social network, which really is a network independent of the "layer" that it powers elsewhere. It can also include people who made use of a Google+ option outside of plus.google.com to share content or to +1 it (oh, how I hate writing +1 and +1'ing things, more punctuation nightmares).
Perhaps it might include anyone who sees things like Google +1 badges or buttons that are personalized for them when they surf the web, if they're logged in to Google, such as the ones we have here.
This gets tricky. Does Facebook count the same? With Facebook, if those things are personalized, it's because someone deliberately logged into Facebook to use the social network at some point recently. With Google+, those buttons might light up because they logged in simply to check Gmail — and if they have also have Google+ account — that triggers up the social buttons even though they never went into Google+ itself.
Postscript – Facebook let me know this after my story went live:
As you indicate, the 845 million number is a monthly active user number. An active user is someone who has visited Facebook.com and logged-in (or been logged in) or who has taken an action with a Facebook feature (e.g. clicked "like", etc…). If the user doesn't do any of those things for 30 days, they aren't considered an active user. If they only see social plugins across the web–even if those social plugins include social context such as friends' photos, friends' likes, friends' recommendations–but doesn't click anything, they are not an active user.
Tricky, but still, we all know Google has solid activity numbers that could be shared. When they aren't shared, that just makes it sound like Google is trying to hide that there's really no social activity. In turn, that supports the entire "ghost town" thing Google's trying to dispel.
Google+ Is The Apple Store For Google Fans
Here's the thing. I don't believe that Google+ is a ghost town. I think — I know — there's activity there. I think Google+ is also a huge success for Google. I even agree with the idea that Google+ is a "social layer." I've just had my fill, my complete fill, of the PR dodge and spin when it comes to Google+ numbers. I think Google would come off better if it was just frank about stuff.
I've been meaning to write my "Google+ Is Like The Apple Store For Google" piece for some time. Maybe I'll never get to it now. But you know when you go into an Apple Store, and it's filled with sometimes scary Apple fanatics who seem to have arrived at a holy place? That's Google+ for Google.
If Google+ isn't anything else, it's a place that Google fans can call home. It's a place that Google's never really had before, a spot for its millions (and let's face it, there are millions) of fanboys and fangirls to rejoice in all things Google.
I've experienced this firsthand in my time at Google. I've learned that if I share anything negative about Google, I can expect to get comments, sometimes many, asking why I hate Google or am biased against Google.
This was a pretty new experience for me. Usually, I've had to explain why I'm not biased in favor of Google. But the true believers of Google now have a gathering place where fair criticism can turn into an anti-Google tirade.
Remember that WSJ "ghost town" piece I mentioned? It was written by Amir Efrati, who's a pretty nice guy. He also has a Google+ page. Watch the Google fans go wild there:
Nearly 400 comments, on and on, all to mock him for a previous article suggesting that Google+ was a ghost town. Yeah, point received. Gotta say, it also doesn't make Google+ look good. But then again, check out the comments on any active Facebook post, and that's a pretty sad reflection on humanity sometimes, especially the political posts.
An Excellent Way To Interact With Googlers
Still, the fans have place to gather. And more positively, it's a place where people who want Google products to improve can make posts and know they'll be seen by Googlers who actually work on those products. That's wonderful. No sarcasm — that's a wonderful thing to have.
But it's really not just about Google fans being there. There are all types of people there, who have found a home. No, Facebook isn't seriously threatened by Google+, any more than Google is seriously threatened by the Bing search engine. But some people do want an alternative to Facebook, and Google has launched a successful alternative. No question, I'd say.
The Successful Facebook Alternative
After all, what is the serious Facebook competitor? Where's the place you can go and do all the things that Facebook offers in one place — connecting, sharing photos, videos, making groups, reading what's shared?
Twitter? As John Battelle so eloquently put it in 2009, Twitter is a pencil. Yes, it's a pencil that has grown with more colors. But it's still largely about sharing things quickly, in the moment. It's not a multifaceted social network like Facebook (which, I'll add, I'm glad for. I like Twitter as a pencil).
Until Google+, Facebook had no real competitor. Even if Google+ is a far distant second, that's far ahead of say where Microsoft is — which is not even in the race (unless you count Xbox, which sometimes should get counted — but it's a social network of a different sort).
Coming from nowhere to being second, especially when so many pundits thought Google "didn't get social" is a remarkable achievement. The people at Google+ should feel very proud of what they've carved out, of a new community hub they've created that people are actively using and calling home. Beyond that, if Facebook really is worth $100 billion, it seems like Google has created great value in being an alternative, if it's still far behind in usage.
There Is Activity
As for nothing happening on Google+, I always enjoyed hitting the "What's Hot" area, which was renamed yesterday to be "Explore." There are interesting, fun, fascinating or important things in there that are shared hundreds of times, often with hundreds of comments.
A calculator like an Xbox controller! Shared nearly 1,000 times, with over 2,000 +1's and nearly 500 comments:
Facebook's Focus On Discovery, Not Search
Facebook could easily eclipse these types of figures, of course. In fact, Facebook doesn't need "Explore" because there's so much going on at Facebook that it understands the far bigger challenge is helping people explore what they're already getting in their news feed from people in their networks.
I've been asked a lot recently about whether I believe Facebook will create its own search engine, because the rumors that never die have started again. I don't, not a web-wide one.
Among other reasons, I think Facebook won't because it understands that doing social right, when you're at the scale Facebook handles, is ensuring that people discover what's interesting to them rather than having to search for it.
Social = discovery, a kissing cousin of search, but not the same. And social is what Facebook is focused on. That's plenty to chew on. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg has said as much repeatedly, such as to Charlie Rose last year, about wanting to do "one thing incredibly well." That means continuing to perfect social.
Remember When Google Did Search?
Ironically, doing one thing well used to be Google's philosophy. Technically, it still is:
It's best to do one thing really, really well.
We do search. With one of the world's largest research groups focused exclusively on solving search problems, we know what we do well, and how we could do it better. Through continued iteration on difficult problems, we've been able to solve complex issues and provide continuous improvements to a service that already makes finding information a fast and seamless experience for millions of people. Our dedication to improving search helps us apply what we've learned to new products, like Gmail and Google Maps. Our hope is to bring the power of search to previously unexplored areas, and to help people access and use even more of the ever-expanding information in their lives.
Yeah, Google does one thing really well. Search. Then it did AdSense. And Blogger. And Gmail. And selling books, music and videos through Google Play, which is so related to search. And Google+. Just all those one things really well. Someone at Google should either kill that philosophy page or update it, because it's just embarrassing now.
But that brings me back (you all still with me?), to that Twitter is a pencil thing I mentioned. See, John was paraphrasing that from something that Louis Monier, one of the cofounders of AltaVista, said about search:
I will never forget that quote, from AltaVista founder Louis Monier, as he bemoaned the devolution of his creation into Yet Another Portal. He was devoted to the idea that AltaVista would do one thing – search – and do it well. But AltaVista was instead turned into a bawdy image of Yahoo, AOL, Lycos, Excite, and all the other portals of the late 90s.
And along came Google, which by 2000 had gained a reputation as the Best Search on the Web.
Will Google Break The "Pencil" That Is Search?
The amazing thing now is watching the Google+ification of Google Search and hearing people I know wish for the Google they used to have. I even joked myself today on Twitter:
Sometimes, I kind of miss when Google was a search engine.
That generated more than 50 retweets, so many that Twitter won't report higher than 50+ (Twitter, what's up with that?). It struck a chord. Can I haz my old Google back?
How on earth can Google, in its quest to chase Facebook, be potentially screwing up its search engine in the way that Yahoo, AltaVista and others screwed their search engines up chasing after portal gold. Google's very success comes from being the pencil, the sharp, focused search engine from when others forgot search. Could it really be making the same mistake that its competitors did?
Perhaps. But I do think that most people outside the chattering technosphere classes are probably still happy with Google's search, maybe noticing some changes here or there but perhaps not as strongly as those who are hyper-attuned to all the Google+ification that's been going on.
Google+ Does Help Search, But Balance, Please
I also think there are very good reasons why Google does need Google+ to improve search. It's easy to forget that Google+ was originally just Google +1 and positioned as a search product. That product can allow Google to directly gather important signals it needs to help improve search quality, because it simply can't keep relying on links as it has. The articles below, if you really care, explain more about this:
- When Everyone Gets The Vote: Social Shares As The New Link Building
- Is Google's "Over Optimization Penalty" Its "Jump The Shark" Moment In Web Search?
Yes, Google+ is part of search, part of that pencil. But it should be a balanced part, not a part that makes me feel like the pencil is uncomfortable to hold. I think Google has some way to go to getting that balance right.
Google+ Is A Layer
And yes, Google+ is indeed a layer that goes throughout Google properties. That was handy PR spin for Google when it launched Google+, to act like it wasn't launching a "me too" Facebook competitor. It continues to be spin that you hear, and I continue to be irritated when I hear it.
But it isn't all spin. Google+ does help unite Google properties in exactly the way that Facebook's Zuckerberg said last year any company should be thinking about, a way to make their products social. Sure, Zuckerberg would like to see that be social through Facebook. But he believes in social as something any company should do. Google's a company. Google's socializing its products, just with a Google layer rather than a Facebook one.
But Don't Deny Google+ As A Social Network
Where Google goes wrong, to bring this all back to where I started, is the self-denial of the standalone Google+ social network itself, which exists outside the layer. It's a unique, independent place that million of people happily call home. They turn to it each day, deliberately, not just because they're checking their Gmail or watching a YouTube video or doing a Google search. They're using the Google+ the social network itself.
Those people deserve to be counted, to know their population, not to be "layerized" simply because Google seems ashamed the numbers aren't as big as Facebook's. Google should be proud of those people and what it has accomplished, and giving real figures would show that pride.
In the end, the number game really doesn't matter much, anyway. Zuckerberg already knew that eventually Google would find a way to count hundreds of millions to seemingly challenge Facebook. That's why soon after Google+ launched, he talked about citing "active user" figures as nearing an end of usefulness, with the real focus being on the amount of sharing happening.
Facebook still cites active users, 845 million as of December 2011, on its stats page. Maybe eventually, active users will go the way of how search engines used to cite web pages indexed, a figure that's outgrown its usefulness as a helpful metric. But if we're still using active users now, I'd sure like to see Google provide a better figure along with other metrics.
Related Articles
- Google, Twitter Flaunt Social Stats … It's Like 2003 All Over Again
- Larry Page: Google+ Now Has 40 Million Users
- Why You Can't Compare Google+ User Figures To Facebook & Twitter
- Google+ Hits 90 Million Users, 60 Percent Engage Daily
- No, Google+ Doesn't Have A 60 Percent Engagement Rate
- Vic Gundotra: Google+ Doesn't Intrude On Social With Ads, Piss Off Developers By Changing APIs
- Is Google's "Over Optimization Penalty" Its "Jump The Shark" Moment In Web Search?
- When Everyone Gets The Vote: Social Shares As The New Link Building
- Google+ Gets A New Look With Interactive Navigation & "Timeline-esque" Profiles
Opinions expressed in this article are those of the guest author and not necessarily MarTech. Staff authors are listed here.
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Maintenance and care
- High-quality oils increase the service life of linear slides
- Ideal for product maintenance and care
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Track Oil for Linear Guides
1 pce.
Oil Can for Linear Guides
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Grease for Linear Guide Carriage Units
1 pce.
Grease Gun for Linear Guide Carriage Unit D14
1 pce.

subset: commoncrawl


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Adorable room!ReplyDelete
that's a cute idea. i actually did a similar thing with that ikea frame: i spray painted it cream but hung it up empty on a wall of frames in my living room. the pink is adorable, though.ReplyDelete
I'm in love with this artwork! I have developed a mini obsession with all things cupcake so I have to make one of these. Thanks for the great idea!!ReplyDelete
So what kind of camera do use??? Your pictures are amazing!
Based on these pictures I'd say your little girl has an amazingly cute, girly room! I'm sure my girls would be in heaven in that kind of room!ReplyDelete
Thank you! I'm sure I (I mean Jack) will love it!!! :)ReplyDelete
Ok, that is the cutest cupcake EVER!! thanks for sharing!ReplyDelete
So. Cute. You are like, chock full of great ideas!!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousDecember 4, 2009 at 7:12 PM
Popes: I am lucky enough to be able to use my dad's camera, which I think is a Canon 30D? Or something? (sounds like an undergarment to me, but I think that's what he told me it was.) It's a great camera though! he has nice lenses, too, which is another bonus :o)ReplyDelete
Cute, cute, cute.ReplyDelete
I love it! So cute and simpleReplyDelete
Oh my gosh, adorable!ReplyDelete
What an excellent idea!! I think I'm gonna pick up some cute dollar store frames, paint them, then give this a try! Maybe do some ballet slippers for my dd room!! Your daughters room is so sweet!ReplyDelete
I LOVE your blog! I read and reread it nearly everyday!!
That is the sweetest thing! I adore cupcakes. And I was just at IKEA today looking at that frame. Adorable!ReplyDelete
Very cute. We are moving and I get to re-do my DD's room so I will be trying this technique!! Maybe make the cupcake for my sewing room! :)ReplyDelete
Where did you get that piano? Who makes it? That is super cute! My daughter loves playing the piano.
What a great idea! And wow, your daughter has the coolest pink room. I want to do a snow angel on the pink rug! Looks way too soft.ReplyDelete
Cute Christmas tree idea too!
- AnonymousOctober 16, 2010 at 6:58 PM
Ok, so this is too adorable and a little like Déjà vu! I made my grand-daughters room in the same theme and here is the Déjà vu part.... she has the exact same piano in her room! How weird is that? I actually never saw a room done in this theme or heard about it until after I came up with the idea and then googled it. Too weird. I would love to see more photos of the room you did.ReplyDelete
thanks for all your talents.


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Bernie Sanders Warns Voters Are Angry
(Reuters) — Vermont U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders warned that a growing number of Americans were losing faith in the political system at a New Hampshire site that often hosts presidential primary debates. But he said he is "many, many months" away from deciding on a White House run.
Liberal independent Sanders, 72, covered a raft of issues in an hour-long speech before taking questions from an audience of about 220 people at Saint Anselm College's New Hampshire Institute of Politics in Manchester, New Hampshire.
"What exists all over America today is that millions and millions and millions of people – working people, low income people, young people – they look at the political process and they say, 'Not for me,'" Sanders said in a speech that touched on the widening wealth and income gap in the United States, national security, health care and climate change.
"There are a lot of angry people out there."
Earlier in the week, Sanders told his hometown Burlington Free Press newspaper that if he were to run for president in 2016, it would be important to perform well in the neighboring New Hampshire's first-in-the-nation nominating primary.
On Saturday he said he still had "plenty of time" to make up his mind on whether to run.
"We're giving thought about it, but we've got many, many months," he said in an interview.
Sanders would face an uphill battle were he to seek the Democratic nomination or run as an independent. Polls show former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who has not yet said whether she will run in 2016, as the undisputed front-runner with about five times the support of Vice President Joe Biden, her closest potential challenger.
High school history teacher Branden Grant, 27, said he drove 100 miles (160 km) from Pomfret, Connecticut, to hear Sanders speak.
"He's very authentic and sticks to his word and fights the good fight," Grant said. "I like what Bernie says."
But Richard Polonsky, 68, of Bedford, New Hampshire, said he doubted Sanders would have a shot at the White House.
"I would be surprised if he would have a chance of winning, even though I think he should," Polonsky said. "It's a tough road at this point."
Even Sanders had more immediate goals, urging voters to support Democratic candidates in the 2014 Congressional election, to help the party he is most closely allied with hold its 55-43 majority in the upper chamber.
"The first thing we have to do is make sure the Republicans do not gain control over the Senate," said Sanders, who is not up for re-election this year. "I'll be working very hard on it."


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There are biscuits and there are biscuits. There are biscuits that you serve with chili, with barbecue or alongside some eggs and grits. And there are biscuits that you bring out in a warmed basket with a cloth napkin draped over them at a dinner party, to sop up a braise or slather with honey-butter. These biscuits are of the latter variety but I suspect they will quickly become your one and only biscuit because if you're anything like me, you'll wonder where they've been your whole life.
Because they're so easy, it might feel like you are cheating: Five ingredients. A sifter, a mixing bowl and a puddle of melted butter. (That's so going to be my first album title, I've decided.) Three minutes to assemble and twelve minutes to bake. And they remain the richest, lightest biscuits I've ever had, with serious plushness within and the faintest crunch at the edges, which sound as you tear one open as if you'd broken a cookie in half but then turned the volume on that sound way down. Or, uh, a very faint crunch.
And here's the thing with biscuits (and scones, for that matter) — they're the best when you've first baked them. Sure, I tried a stale one 24 hours later (for research, people, of course) and it wasn't so bad but I chalk that up to them being extra-awesome from the get-go. But you don't need to make them at the 11th hour, biscuits freeze excellently unbaked. Go ahead and make them whenever you have time, flash freeze them and store them in a freezer bag for a later day or freeze them right on your buttered or parchment-lined baking sheet so they're ready to go when you are. You can bake them still frozen, they'll just need an extra few minutes in the oven. And then you never have an excuse not to have freshly baked biscuits on the ready. You know, unless you ate them all without sharing, stashing them in your cheeks or something.
Biscuits and scones, an apparent obsession of mine, previously: Buttermilk Chive Biscuits (the perfect chili/barbecue/breakfast-variety biscuit, plus or minus the chives), Jalapeno-Cheddar Scones, Dreamy Cream Scones (like this, plus butter, sugar and dried fruit), Meyer Lemon and Fresh Cranberry Scones, Rhubarb Cobbler and Strawberry Shortcakes
Ever had a muffin, scone or biscuit that tasted tinny? The cure is so easy!
One year ago: Spelt Everything Crackers
Two years ago: Latkes
Three years ago: German Pancakes and Winter Panzanella
Cream Biscuits
Adapted from James Beard's American Cookery
The original recipe has you brush your baking sheet with melted butter (and increases the amount by two tablespoons) but for whatever reason, the butter not covered by biscuits just got smoky in my oven so I'm voting for you to just line your sheets with parchment. If you find dipping the biscuits in butter difficult (hard to grasp if the dough is soft), just brush them generously instead.
Made about 10 biscuits, perhaps a dozen if I had been stricter about the height and scrap-usage
3 tablespoons (45 grams) melted butter
2 cups (250 grams) all-purpose flour, plus more for dusting the surface
1 tablespoon (15 grams) baking powder
1/2 teaspoon salt
1 tablespoon (15 grams) sugar (optional)
1 1/2 cups (355 ml) heavy cream
Preheat the oven to 425°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Melt butter in a small pot or microwave dish, and set aside. Sift two cups flour, the baking powder, salt and (if using) sugar into a large bowl. Fold in 1 1/4 cups cream. If the dough is not soft or easily handled, fold in the remaining 1/4 cup cream, little by little. (I ended up using two additional tablespoons, or half the unused cream.)
Turn dough onto a floured surface, mound it into a ball and, using your hands, press it to a thickness of about 3/4 inch. Cut into rounds, 2 1/2 inches in diameter. Gather dough scraps and continue to make rounds. Dip the top of each round in melted butter and arrange on the baking sheet. Bake until golden, 12 to 15 minutes. Serve immediately, or flash freeze for future use. [Biscuits can be baked straight from the freezer, and additional few minutes baking time will be needed, usually around 3 to 5.]


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The Annals of Taxonomy: Getting into Alignment…
From Geekosystem, "The Ten Greatest Alignment Charts of All Time":
… we can tell you definitively that alignment charts seem to be blowing up all over the place lately… For those not familiar with them, alignment charts draw from classic Dungeons and Dragons, breaking characters down by two axes: Law-Chaos (lawful, neutral and chaotic) and Good-Evil (good, evil, and neutral). An alignment chart in meme terms, then, is a 3×3 grid comprised of nine characters from a given movie, game, or other pop culture happening.
Like this:
See them all– from The Big Lebowski and The Office to Technology Pioneers and Dr. Who— here.
As we consider our own places in the scheme of things, we might recall that it was on this date in 1907 that Pike Place Market, the longest continuously-running public farmers market in the US, opened in Seattle. It currently serves roughly 10 million visitors per year.


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The Cholas rose to power during a time when medieval kings built immense Hindu temples—such as Bhrihadishvara temple (Tanjore temple) in Thanjavur, completed in 1013—to assert their authority and link themselves to the divine. Under the Cholas, these temples were constructed as sacred palaces to house and honor Shiva and his family. The structures also were intended to confer divine approval on Chola rule and ensure the safety and growth of the empire. Wealthy patrons of the upper classes gave jewelry, silks, and other goods to the temples to connect to Shiva, increase their social standing, align themselves with the royal family, and receive special temple privileges. Families of modest income gave gifts of lamps or flowers.
Temples functioned both as centers of religious life and practice and as hubs of economic, political, and social activity. Entire town economies were bound up in temples, which employed everyone from priests to cooks to gardeners. In the Chola period, temples even served as banks, offering an interest rate of 12.5 percent on loans in the eleventh century. Temples also became sites for major religious pilgrimages, attracting devout worshippers.
The artistic impact of temples during the Chola period cannot be underestimated. Artisans who built and decorated the temples, bronze makers who populated them with images of deities, musicians who played sacred songs for everything from daily worship to major annual festivals, and female dancers who performed for the gods during these religious rituals were among many who contributed to this rich artistic culture. It was in this environment that the bronze sculpture of Shiva Nataraja became the state deity and iconic image of the Chola family.
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While recently wandering the rotting underbelly of my favorite local urban wasteland at 3 a.m., I was accosted by a roughneck gang of thugs who demanded my wallet. With a grandfatherly sense of duty I handed it over to them; then they clonked me over the noggin and ran off.
Six hours later, after brushing off most of the garbage that came from the dumpster in which they'd thrown me, I was overcome with a shock of rage. My face turned beet-red with anger and revulsion. These thugs hadn't said please! Not only that, their grammar in general was atrocious.
Here are just a few snippets of our evening's conversation as I recall it:
"Hey, old man. You think you feelin' lucky tonight?"
"Gimme your money, or I'll knife you dead."
"I gots the cash, now smack the geezer and run!"
My entire face reddens with pique at the thought of the momentous amount of wasted tax dollars that this shameless display of bad grammar represents.
When I was a young man, my gang always chose a designated grammarian before we hit the streets. We looted, harassed and destabilized neighborhoods with impeccable speech. If somebody was caught using "ain't" or a double negative during our looting and vandalizing, it was the designated grammarian's task to point this out to the offender. First he'd recite the proper usage from Strunk and White's The Elements of Style, then he'd whap the ignoramus in the ribs with a pipe.
Today, I see hardly any of this vigilance.
After my ordeal, I decided to see if things are as bad with other alternative youth recreational organizations. I made it a point to follow around several of the most vicious, murderous, drug-shoving gangs to observe their grammar. At rst I felt rather nostalgic for the moonshine-running and fun-loving mob activity of my youth. I look back with the greatest fondness to my days as a thug with my trusty Unabridged Oxford Dictionary at my side. But these images were quickly dashed by my further observation of the sad state of today's gang language.
I rst chose a group of personable young folks who called themselves the 99th Street Death Machine. At rst their youthful antics charmed me, particularly a little drive-by shooting organized by their leader, a surly 18-year-old who went by the name of Attitude.
But my charm soon turned to rock-bottom disgust as I heard their language: double negatives everywhere—a gut-wrenching penchant for the use of slang over the proper King's English. In one heated exchange alone, overheard during a shootout over a heroin deal gone bad, I heard 16 slang words, 10 swear words, ve dangling participles, and a rambling subjunctive clause that just begged for placement in a more appropriate syntax.
I went on to observe 26 more gangs, all with the same damning results. If today's teachers can't teach proper grammatical usage to our youth during the few classes they attend before dropping out, I say let's save ourselves some tax dollars and close down the schools altogether. No wonder our nation is lagging behind Japan: Our schools are failing our gangs.
Also, a good vocabulary helps young people get things done more efciently. If the gang members who mugged me had expressed their desires properly, they would have secured my wallet far more quickly, giving them extra time for other important criminal activity.
I have another proposal that could kill two birds with one stone: Use some of the trillions of dollars that are wasted supporting billions of shiftless welfare freeloaders by putting them to work teaching proper English to today's incoherent street gangs. There's a whole generation of felonious drug dealers out there looking to us to help them learn before they offend more delicate sensibilities.
It's something to think about the next time you're running for your life at 3 a.m. through a park, pursued by a carload of frisky teenagers shouting threats in incomprehensible slang. Wouldn't it be a relief to understand what they are shouting at you, for once?


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Tseng dropped after missing tee timeCARLSBAD, California - Defending champion and formerly top-ranked Yani Tseng was dropped from the Kia Classic after missing her 9:10 a.m. pro-am tee time on Wednesday.
"I'm embarrassed to admit that I wasn't feeling well last night and accidentally overslept and missed my tee time for the pro-am this morning," Tseng said in a statement released by the U.S. LPGA Tour.
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The Taiwanese star will return to play from April 4-7 in the Kraft Nabisco Championship, the first major championship of the year, at Mission Hills in Rancho Mirage.


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Filmography links and data courtesy of The Internet Movie Database.
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text:
We tried to establish contacts with the Polish underground too. In January 1943 Franka Sultanik organized an underground group which kept in contact with the Polish underground revolutionary movement. The plans of this group were cancelled because of the deportation of its members to German concentration camps.
Unfortunately, no activity of the Polish underground movement took place in our district. It is surprising when we examine the district of Zaglembie because it was a large center of laborers most of whom had a communist tendency.
So where had all their activists and organizers disappeared? Indeed, the
advanced Polish intelligentsia and a considerable number of the workers'
activists were expelled to the concentration camp in Dachau, or to the
general-government areas, but it is a fact that no comprehensive terror acts
occurred in our district. A Polish underground movement acted only in two
neighboring villages: Pilica and Wolbrom. From the German local newspapers we
learnt about raids on police-stations, an explosion of ammunition dumps, the
murder of Germans and Polish policemen and more. We negotiated with the
president of the Judenrat in Pilica, Fogel, who was in touch with the Polish
underground, for including our members with the Polish partisans, but this was
not practicable because the partisans in this place did not concentrate in
camps or forests (the forests around us were very scarce), but came from
amongst the local population of the villages and small towns, performed raids
according to plans which had been prepared beforehand, committed terror acts
and returned back to their homes. With the help of Fogel we contacted a certain
Terla from Wolbrom who assisted us in buying weapons in Warsaw and in acquiring
forged Polish cards and so on.
The Polish Gestapo agent
Nevertheless, we did not give up the attempts to contact the Polish partisans. At the beginning of June, 1943, Marek Folman returned from Warsaw to Kibbutz Bedzin. For a long while he had been with the Polish partisans around Warsaw-Radom. He too confirmed that those partisans did not want to accept Jews into their ranks, and he was an exception only because of his Aryan appearance. In Bedzin Marek met a certain Christian, named Socha, who lived in Sosnowiec and whom he had known from Warsaw as a general in the army of the partisans. That Christian agreed to take groups of our members to the partisans in the area of Miechów-Krakow, provided that all of them carry their personal weapon. After a visit of two of our members in his flat, which impressed them as a home of very poor people, with very poor children (all this was probably acted out, as planned before), it was decided to send the first group, which consisted of ten members. They received leather coats, new shoes and weapon. They were also given a password according to which a certain Pole was supposed to connect between them and the partisans in an intended place. Three days later, the Pole returned with a password.
Only later did we realize that he had led us to false partisans. Then the second group set out, also of ten members. Only because of lack of weapons didn't they send out a larger group. Two days later, one of this group returned Ajzyk Najman (amongst the survivors in Israel) and gave the following account: we went happily across villages in which we were welcomed by the farmers who knew we were going to join the partisans. As night was falling, when we reached the forest, we sat down to rest. Our Polish companion went off, saying he was going to fetch water. After a short while he returned with a jar of water and went away again. Suddenly we were surrounded by a group of horsemen and before we managed to hold our arms and defend ourselves, we were attacked by a shower of bullets of machineguns. Only by sheer miracle was I not hit and survived. When the Germans had left, I started to run as fast as my legs could carry me. We understood then that the Pole was nothing but a Gestapo agent who had handed over our friends to them.
We lost nineteen dear, young and devoted friends: from kibbutz Dror
Alter Goldblum, Szmul Finkelsztajn, Cypora Morad, Icchak Kriwka, Mordechai
Bacharz, and Liwek Goldsztajn. From Hashomer Hatzair Dawid Kozlowski, Hela
Katzengold, Moszele Awerbuch. From Gordonia Abram Tenenberg, Israel Szajntal,
Eliasz and Sala and another four friends from Hanoar Hazioni and Hashomer
Hadati whose names are not known to me.
|Lajbisz Banak,
a distinguished citizen of Bedzin, sitting in the street
with his furniture after his apartment was confiscated by the Nazis
For the time being we had no other choice but continue with the building of the
bunkers, which we had started even before the latest deportations, and
equipping them with weapons. This involved great difficulties. After the Warsaw
Ghetto Revolt broke out, on April 19, 1943, it was hard to get in touch with
friends there.
[Page 360]
We sent Netka of the Gordonia group to Warsaw in order to contact Eliezer Geler, or another member, but she returned after a short while without having found any of the members, whose addresses in the Aryan zone of Warsaw were in her possession. Still, in every bunker of the movements there was some money and some weapon, because despite the closed borders and the strict censorship we managed to obtain, in different ways, money from the connection chamber in Switzerland and also from Warsaw. We divided the money and weapon among the five bunkers. The kibbutz had set up two bunkers for its members, the Hashomer Hatzair one, and Gordonia two. They had prepared daring plans like the big plan to surround the Ghetto with a belt of grenades, and as soon as the Germans make their first attack, set them off and explode them. The main point was to defend themselves with the weapons they were holding. Unfortunately, we did not know that so little time was left, and the storm of the total deportation prevented us from carrying out our plans.
We don't know how during the last deportation of two thousand and eight hundred were killed although many of them fought fiercely, with weapons in their hands, against the deportation. Regretfully, no living witnesses among the defenders were left alive. We found out by chance that on the second day, when the Germans approached a house in the Ghetto of Srodula to start the deportation, 30 Jews, armed with sticks, knives and stones attacked them. In this battle between the Jewish group and the enemy, who outnumbered them in people and arms as well, and which lasted a whole hour, all died, to the last person.
We don't know how the members of Gordonia fell on the farm. Their bunker was out of town, and not a single witness was left alive. They were brave boys and also had arms. From the chaos in that place it was clear that people fought and died there. The members from the kibbutz, all seven of them, who were in the bunker with the brave Frumka Plotnicka, fell with their weapons in their hands. Before dying they managed to kill two Gestapo officers who were approaching the bunker.
The Germans put a siege on the bunker and flooded it with machine gun fire. The members fought back until the end, when they took their last breath.
Indeed, the idea of self-defense penetrated deep amongst all walks of the
Jewish population, but alas, we did not have the means to carry it out. For
that, we will never forgive our Polish neighbors, who on days of trial and
tribulation and seeing our desperate and hopeless struggle against the armed
gangs of murderers, did not help us get weapons. Our means were meager: knives
and stones against machine guns. There is no doubt that if the pioneering youth
in Bedzin and Sosnowiec had owned sufficient arms, there would have been
respectable defense. Unfortunately, we lack details also about the cases of
defense and the few battles that took place. The dead took their heroic stories
of their deaths into their graves.
by Chajka Klinger (Rozenberg)[1]
Translated by Nitsa Bar-Sela
|The following are excerpts from the long article of the late Chajka Klinger, member of kibbutz Haogen, which was published in the book of Hashomer Hatsair, vol. 1, Sifriyat Hapoalim, Publication Merhaviya, 1956.
The war had destroyed everything. We decided to start anew: to organize Bnei Midbar [Sons of the Desert] scouts, establish a center, learn and teach.
The youth were completely neglected. The children were raised in the street. Poverty increased. Kids in rags sold bread on street corners and stood in entrances of buildings with baskets full of rolls and pretzels blackened by soot. The girls, in Aryan attire, would travel to small towns and the nearby villages and smuggle food products. In no time these children became experts at all kinds of trade, from eggs to dollars and gold. They learned how to organize street gangs. One sharp whistle of one of them one standing guard would warn the others of the appearance of a German. In a minute they would run in all directions and vanish.
We started work with enthusiasm. First of all we organized the children of the poor neighborhoods in town. We did not have a plan, but our hearts were filled with devotion. We sowed the first seed and after us others began to sprout. A competition of public activity began. We could hear children using Hebrew words, singing songs in Hebrew and addressing each other with Hazak Ve'ematz (Be strong and brave).
At that time the Jewish kehila approached the leaders of the youth Histadrut organizations and suggested they undertake the cultivation of 450 dunams of land which the Germans forced the Jews to work. The kehila [Jewish community] was headed by Moniek Meryn, an adventurer and gambler who collaborated with the Germans. Although it was his suggestion, we accepted it gladly. We saw an opportunity to provide training for the adults. That land had been untouched for thirty years, and was three kilometers away from the city. They started work without any experience, without training. Every day a group of youth would go out with hoes and shovels. The dead field was coming to life. We had neither horse nor plow. We cultivated the land with shovels. The farmers stood at a distance and laughed at us, but we did not despair. Songs and laughter could be heard from the farm at all times.
We had assembled sixty people there. There was no longer need to walk on foot six kilometers every day from town there and back. Now we could turn the work group into a real Hachshara [training camp]. We opened clubs to further the teaching of the history of the Kibbuz movement, the question of the Jews and of agricultural problems.
The farm became the center of pioneering life in Zaglembie. Here were held
of the various leaderships, gatherings of small groups and of the
larger ones. There was some magnetic power to this farm. In town there
was hunger,
sadness, sicknesses and epidemics. On the farm there was happiness, laughter and
joy. We did not even wear the letter J [Jude / Jew] there.
[Page 361]
On Saturdays, the youngsters arrived here from town and played games. The elderly came too. Hundreds of people. This was the only place where Jews could breathe fresh air freely.
In the cultural field we, the Hashomer members, were very active. We influenced the opinions of the youth dramatically. We presented our vision to them, which until now had been known to the youth of Zaglembie. It started a storm of discussions on nationalism, socialism, and the ideology of Hashomer Hatsair. We had a Chanukah party which was very successful. The orphanage hall was brightly lit. At the front of the entrance the small Sons of the Desert stood and kept guard so as not to let any German come near. It had been very difficult to get the hall from the kehila. Here the children forgot the whole world. No war! No Germans! The children staged a play which had been written by them: to be in Erez Israel, to work on the land, to be like the Maccabeans and fight against the enemy
Our educational work in town was very demanding. How could we hold discussions while the children were hungry, freezing, wearing rags?! We went to the kehila committee and asked for houses and money to set up cheap kitchens and clubs for the children. They liked our suggestion and started to carry it out right away. In a short while clubs for the older children, kindergartens for babies and shelters for children aged 5-6 were founded. They had liked our suggestion but they rejected our councellors for fear of their influence on the children.
At about that time the first Shaliach (emissary) arrived from Warsaw. It was Eliezer Geller from "Gordonia". We were so excited by his visit and so thirsty for every little piece of information. Almost all the youth factions welcomed him.
Later on, Tosia arrived. She came with no name or address to contact. She just walked along the street, looking at people, at faces, at clothes, searching a Shomer. She had hoped she would be able to recognize one as soon as she saw him. And indeed she did. She approached Szoszana and asked her if she knew where Lea Pejsachson lived. Szoszana looked at her suspiciously, but the behavior and the voice of the stranger filled her with trust. She offered to take her there. On their way to the Jewish neighborhood, a small Son of the Desert came near her and whispered Hazak (the password of the Hashomer). Tosia heard it.
Are you in Hashomer Hatsair? she asked Szoszana.
Yes, answered Szoszana. Suddenly it struck her. Tosia! From Warsaw!
Yes, I am Tosia she answered calmly. Szoszana could hardly stop herself from dancing in the middle of the street.
The Ken (the Hashomer center) was like on fire. The rumor spread fast. Tosia started working right away. Every moment was precious. No time to eat. We ran with her from one meeting to another.
We decided to make good use of her visit and gathered the Scouts in the orphanage. Tosia delivered a speech. Suddenly a whisper spread among the organizers. A message had arrived from the kehila committee: we had to stop immediately because the police were at our heels. We were sorry that the meeting was abandoned, but Tosia comforted us, Don't worry. This meeting will be remembered by the small ones even more, and their hatred for the Germans will increase.
We held a census of all our groups in the district. We counted a thousand two hundred Shomrim. We were proud. Before the war we had been half of what we were today.
We had a meeting on the farm and Tosia was present. As an opening, there was a short lecture on the ideology and an account of the work done in various parts of Poland. One of the main things we decided on was the issue of furthering the studies. We had to intensify national education, bring Erez Israel [Land of Israel] closer to the youth, nourish their love for it and strengthen their faith in the victory of G-d.
The delegates had left long ago, and we, the more senior activists, were still sitting with Tosia. Like us, she was tired, exhausted from the load of work, but filled with optimism. We will meet again, we will, she said, in the Kibbutz.
Part of her spirit was installed in us and we felt relieved. Her faith imbued us with hope. She left us and promised to peep in again soon. Of all the people whose death we heard about, the news of Tosia's surprised us most. Even today she stands before me, just as she did when she came to the farm those days: smiling, gay, full of stamina and faith in the future.
New decrees were issued, each one worse than its former. The Arbeitseinsatz (the mobilization of labor gangs) worsened. All our people were put into the list. We started fighting against the kehila" committee. We stopped being docile children. We resisted openly. And when they threatened us with the whip of the labor-camp, our members didn't go. They hid and didn't see their homes for weeks.
Our first victim was Lea Pejsachson. Lea went to the camp. She wrote us letters about the watery soup, about the daily starvation ration of 300 grams of bread, about the beating of women. But that did not hurt much, she wrote. The worst was that among the women in the camp were those who were traitors, characterless women who flattered every German. Lea could not sit calm. She relentlessly incited the girls until the revolt was ripe. One day they decided that at 2:00 a.m. they would hold meetings in all the barracks. And so they did. At two o'clock all of them woke up, set up guards at the doors and threatened the traitors. One of them, who were in Lea's barrack, heard the threat and burst out laughing: the Lagerführer (camp-commander) is her best friend. Who should she be afraid of? Then one of the girls approached her and slapped her face. Then she was beaten by the girls again and again. After that all of them hurried to their beds and pretended to be sleeping. The day after, all of them waited for the response of the beaten traitor, but she had learnt her lesson and kept her mouth shut. After that the atmosphere in the camp changed. Only a few knew what an impressive part Lea had in that change.
We removed her out of the camp almost forcefully. She did not want to leave. She declared that she could not save herself and leave the others behind. She explained that she was needed there, but we needed her too. Lea returned but others were sent away. We fought over every single person. We knew that each of us filled an important role in the camp, but more important roles awaited them in the movement.
One day the head of the kehila came to us and told us excitedly that the Germans were ready to allow us to set up kibbutzim. He couldn't stop praising the Germans who were ready to carry out the produktivizatzye [productiveness] of the Jewish youth. There were some amongst us who were attracted by the idea, but the majority rejected it. There was a bitter argument in the Hechalutz committee. We demanded rebellion, resistance and sabotage under any circumstances. The labor camp was a curse and it should be treated as such. We should not go and should prevent others from going. Still people went, under coercion and also without being coerced.
Meanwhile, horrible news from the camps started to pour in. People did not want to volunteer any more. The community was in distress and it was time for the Jewish militia to find and extract their prey from the basements and the attics.
When the camps had been filled with the poor, it was time for the wealthier who
until now had redeemed themselves with their money. In Rasner's
shop they did not touch anybody. On the contrary. He would often
demand people from the camps and add them to his list of laborers. His
workshop manufactured clothes for the Wehrmacht[2].
It started with 50-100 workers and increased to three thousand. Rasner was a
decent man. He did a lot for the Jews and knew exactly what he was doing.
[Page 362]
Mordechai's arrival revolutionized the life of the youth in our district. He told us about Vilna and the massacres there, gave an account of Ponar, revealed the truth about the death camps and spoke about preparations for resistance in various places. He re-enkindled hope in our hearts and passed on the message of revolt to us. A new meaning was poured into our lives: defense. We set out to form a Jewish fighting organization in Zaglembie.
We began to issue a newspaper which included political news from Poland and abroad. Lipek Minc from Sosnowiec sat daily at the radio and meticulously took notes. It was our duty not to allow the Jewish public to slumber. We were compelled to spread the naked truth no matter how bitter it was: a mass murder of the Jewish people was in process.
The kehila began receiving pieces of information about our work. Moniek Meryn was furious. He found out that the storm was initiated by Mordechai Anielewicz and "Hashomer Hatsair". They could not of rest. They were afraid. They decided to teach us a lesson by taking action.
The Germans arrested Lipek Minc and Cwi Dunski, two of the directors of the
center in Sosnowiec. Meryn dared enter Cwi's cell, as the Germans'
secret emissary, in order to extract information from him. He spoke deceitfully:
I am also a Zionist. I've come to save you.They sat in prison for two months, and then, under a special order, they were sent to Auschwitz, where they were hanged. According to another source, Cwi Dunski was killed in jail and only Lipek was sent to Auschwitz.
If you are a Zionist, I am not a Zionist answered Cwi and slapped his face.
We did not relent. We continued our activities. In our newspaper we waged a relentless war gainst the community and the militia. There had also been a secret order issued to get rid of Meryn. The public gradually became aware of our existence.
Hard days came. One aktzia occurred after another. Thousands went like lambs to the slaughter. Such multitudes, if organized wisely, could have overcome, even empty handedly, the few Germans who carried out the aktzia. Our youngsters stood in the courtyard clenching their fists, restraining their fury.
The true face of the kehila was revealed. It was proven beyond doubt that it was nothing but a compliant tool in the hands of the Germans. It was said about Meryn that he used to go to the Germans with suggestions in order to preempt their wishes. His secretary Fanny Czarna worked with him. She was a woman of many talents but she was also heartless. For a long while these two managed to get many exemptions for the Jews of Zaglembie, but Bedzin's turn arrived too.
We were short of arms so we decided to send Edzia Pejsachson to Warsaw. She was caught on her way back with the merchandise, but still managed to do a lot for us. In Warsaw, she described our situation and due to this description they decided to send us merchandise on a regular basis.
Then Astrid (Zosia Miller) came to us from Warsaw and brought the first tools. We were overjoyed to receive them but we also grieved greatly for Edzia's loss. With her death she brought about the beginning of action. We started training. Baruch Gaptak (Dror) was the instructor.
After a while our friend Ina Gelbard went to Warsaw, but what she brought was not much. We built a workshop to manufacture more ammunition. We needed grenades and Molotov cocktails. Our workshop started to make excellent grenades. Our boys also built a radio set.
We started to dig bunkers and not only for us, but for all the Jews. Our boys went from house to house teaching and instructing people how to build them. We tried to send members to the partisans but only a small number of them reached their destination. We were left few in number.
The last deportation arrived. All of our ammunition was collected into Baruch's bunker. The bunker was discovered and the arms taken away, but at the price of quite a few Germans whom we managed to kill. Most of the farm people were also deported. Only few escaped.
This was the end of the story of Hashomer Hatsair and the pioneer
movement in Bedzin.
Translated by Nitsa Bar-Sela
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the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
for verification.
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text:
Hammond Digital Leslie "Cream" Pedal
Hammond Organ USA announces the release at the 2013 Winter NAMM of their first-ever Digital Leslie Pedal. Designed and built in America, the Leslie Pedal allows the distinctive rotary, moving sound of a Leslie to be added to any, guitar, bass, keyboard, or studio rig.
Derived from the state-of-the art Digital Leslie onboard the new Hammond Sk series stage keyboards and the flagship B-3mkII Organ, the Leslie Pedal evokes vintage 122 and 147 Leslies, and the Model 18, basis of the classic Vibratone Guitar cabinet made famous by Stevie Ray Vaughn and others. The fourth model replicates the distinctive PR-40 stationary speaker cabinet, which was standard issue with Hammond Organs in the 50's and 60's, and a "secret weapon" for many vintage studio guitar recordings.
Rotary controls allow adjustment of virtual mic placement, ramp up and down speeds, overdrive, horn and bass balance, EQ and overall volume. Three footswitches provide true bypass, speed and brake control, stereo in/out. A gain switch allows the Leslie Pedal to be used in a guitar effects chain, or direct inject into a sound reinforcement system/keyboard amp.


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Friday, 21 April 2017
Home Heating Safety
A day or two ago, I was cleaning his home when I found a one-inch bit of charcoal consumed into one of my love seat pads! It originated from a bit of wood that flew from my chimney to the love seat. While all that little lump of coal did was consume a gap in the furniture, my home could have gone up on fire! I am grateful that i should simply turn the love seat pad around to shroud the consume check!
Most home flames occur amid the winter months than whatever other time of year, when the comfortable warmth of a chimney is at its generally welcoming. Not exclusively are flames a peril, space warmers are regularly used to warmth rooms that need an additional lift; in addition, home warming gadgets can create a plenitude of dangerous carbon monoxide gas.
Seniors matured 65 and more established are three times more inclined to bite the dust or be harmed in a house fire than other age gatherings. That, as well as on the off chance that you live in a more up to date home, reports are stating you may have less time to get away from a fire on account of synthetics. Here are some critical home warming wellbeing tips to recall:
1) Check Your Chimney and Fireplace for Hazards
Have the stack pipe checked every year in the event that you or your cherished one uses a wood-consuming chimney. Ensure that there is a screen or glass before the chimney to get any wild starts or moving logs. Keep combustible questions, for example, tights and window ornaments far from the chimney when being used.
2) Get the Proper Fire Extinguisher
Get an ABC multipurpose fire douser for your home, read the manual so you and your friends and family know how to utilize it, and store it in a place where it is effortlessly available if there should arise an occurrence of a fire. OSHA gives some accommodating tips for the work environment, cabin they can apply to your home also.
3) Check On Smoke and CO Alarms
Ensure each room has a smoke indicator, particularly the kitchen, parlor, and all spots where it's in all likelihood a fire will begin. You require CO finders outside each dozing region, so they can wake you up in case of a carbon monoxide flare-up; CO is at its most fatal when you are sleeping since you are not ready to escape the house. Check all smoke and carbon monoxide indicators and ensure the sum total of what batteries have been supplanted. Introduce extra locators in the event that you discover regions without them.
4) Remember Space Heater Safety!
Keep in mind that space radiators require space! Anything that can consume ought to be kept no less than three feet far from the warmer. In case you're hoping to purchase another space radiator get one that naturally stop if the warmer falls over if there should be an occurrence of a mischance.


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Black, Latino Shifts In Chicago Lead To Map Flap
It's been map-drawing time all across the country, as cities and states create new districts for state lawmakers, members of Congress and city council members based on 2010 Census numbers.
In Chicago, where African-Americans left in droves during the past decade and the Latino population rose, leaders are redrawing the boundaries of the city's 50 wards. What's at stake is representation and political clout.
Population Changes
The 2010 Census shows that more than 200,000 residents left Chicago during the past decade; 181,000 were black. It was a different story during the 20th century as thousands of black Southerners arrived at Chicago's Illinois Central Railroad Station seeking the promised land of the North. Their arrival was part of "The Great Migration" of African-Americans that began during World War I and continued years later. The station no longer exists, and demographer Robert Paral says the pattern of migration has changed dramatically during this century.
Merle Huckabee, a stay-at-home mom, is among the black Chicagoans who decided to leave Chicago. In 2006, Huckabee moved with her husband, James, and their two daughters to Hazel Crest, Ill.
Hazelcrest is a small, integrated but predominantly black village, a picturesque suburb about 30 miles south of Chicago's downtown. Yellow leaves fall from the tree branches arching over the wide street that leads into the development of single-family homes, condos and townhomes where the Huckabees live. There's a tennis court and pool near the entrance of her street. It's peaceful here, she says. The family used to live near Roseland, a high crime area of Chicago.
"For us, it was about our kids. It was about a better school system for our children, and it was about safety," Huckabee says.
Chicago's population dropped to nearly 2.7 million, and African-Americans moved to suburbs — and many out of Illinois entirely. Whites left the city, too, albeit on a smaller scale, and Chicago's Asian and Latino populations grew — the Latino population by slightly more than 25,000.
Resources And Voting Power
The Voting Rights Act protects African-Americans and Latinos in the redistricting process in an effort to ensure that minorities have a chance of being elected to public office relative to their share of the population. And in this Democratic town, race is more of a factor than partisan politics during redistricting.
Chicago Alderman Howard Brookins, head of the Chicago City Council's Black Caucus, says redistricting may not be at the forefront of the public's conscience, but it is extremely important.
"It means resources. It means voting power," Brookins says. That power, Brookins says, has allowed black Chicagoans to help elect several firsts — a black mayor of Chicago in the 1980s, two African-American U.S. senators and even a president.
"And so, with that extra oomph, we have been able to get people in higher offices," he says.
At a recent public hearing of the City Council's Latino Caucus, residents came to have their say about a new ward map for Chicago. Chicagoan Juan Calderon says his relatives live in several Latino neighborhoods.
"I definitely think due to the increase among the numbers of Latinos, it's important for us to have equitable representation across the board in the city of Chicago," Calderon said.
Calderon said it would mean more attention paid to issues important to Latinos. In the Logan Square neighborhood where the hearing was held, there's a diverse population — Latinos, African-Americans and Eastern Europeans. And while the spotlight is on African-Americans and Latinos, neighborhood resident Alexander Denell said race shouldn't matter.
"On the other hand, I am with Americans of Polish descent, and I do want to stand up and say we Polish-Americans do count," Denell said.
What it all means is that the redistricting effort has begun in earnest.
Chicago Alderman Ray Suarez says that just as the City Council's Black Caucus has offered a version of a city ward map, the Latino Caucus will do likewise.
"In the past, when the Latino community was coming to growth in our city, we were never consulted. And I think we're going to try to do the best we can for all of our communities, but our responsibility in the end is the Latino community," Suarez said.
The city's Latino population is now at nearly 30 percent. Alderman Danny Solis, who heads the City Council's Latino Caucus, says the ward map the Black Caucus proposed is simply a starting point. It would drop one majority black ward and create two more majority Latino wards.
"The numbers we have now are not enough. The figure speaks for themselves. We are in need of more Hispanic wards in the city of Chicago," Solis says.
The question is, at whose expense? Aldermen here expect the once-in-a-decade remap process to be challenging as whites, Latinos, African-Americans and Asians decide district boundaries. They hope to avoid a referendum and expensive court battles they've seen before.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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South African Journal of Science
On-line version ISSN 1996-7489
Print version ISSN 0038-2353
S. Afr. j. sci. vol.106 n.1-2 Pretoria Jan./Feb. 2010
Breaking tradition with scientific learning
Theresa Wossler
Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
Book Title: Pathways to scientific teaching
Book Cover:
Edited by: Diane Ebert-May; Janet Hodder
Publisher: Sinauer Associates, Inc.; 2008, p. 212. US$ 29.95*
Pathways to scientific teaching is a compilation of previously published, two-paged articles in Frontiers in ecology and the environment, a publication of the Ecological Society of America. In 2004, this publication instituted a new education section, entitled Pathways to scientific teaching, in response to a challenge given to professional societies to stress the need for reform in education. The idea behind this reform is that science should be taught as rigorously as it is practiced.
One of the major concerns about science education is that it often consists of fact-jammed lectures, based on a lecturer-centred approach rather than an interactive, student-centred one. Moreover, large, introductory courses usually involve teaching students from diverse backgrounds, who differ in levels of knowledge, skill and motivation. Consequently, the underlying objective of this book is to suggest methods and teaching strategies to lecturers and teachers seeking to promote student-centred learning. The book introduces science educators to a variety of teaching, learning and assessment strategies by adapting various mainstream ecological journal articles as instructional material. Its methodology focuses on the teaching of large classes, while at the same time employing cooperative learning strategies which are deemed effective. Although Pathways to scientific teaching does not present novel information (it was previously published in Frontiers in ecology and the environment), its new format now conveniently provides that series of articles as a compact handbook.
The first chapter describes how to structure and maintain an active learning environment through scientific discovery. Subsequent chapters each start with a synopsis of how students learn and proceed by giving advice on how to encourage student-centred learning. The book is divided into six main areas: organizing classroom flow, doing science, reading science, assessment techniques, homework strategies, and practical advice for faculty interested in classroom research. Each section is written as an instructional unit to promote active learning and also serves as a guide to instructors on how they can incorporate such strategies within a classroom environment. Each section lists the learning goals for a particular teaching approach, as well as a step-by-step strategy to engage students, the time that should be allocated to each activity, and homework activities if applicable. Some of the pedagogical approaches communicated include:
the learning cycle (the construction of understanding through interaction)
learning through debate, role playing, data interpretation and statistical testing
developing critical thinking skills through problem solving and case studies
'jigsaw' strategies for cooperative learning (placing emphasis on the value of each student's contribution)
building conceptual models and concept maps
designing and solving experimental procedures
peer assessment
'Just-in-Time Teaching' (a teaching and learning strategy based on the interaction between web-based study assignments and an active learner classroom).
Each learning goal and accompanying activity can be completed within one or two formal teaching periods.
Diane Ebert-May is a plant ecologist, and her field of interest is long-term ecological research on alpine tundra plant communities. She is also an advocate of learner-centred instruction, which led her to expand her research programme to include questions concerning the teaching and learning of biology. Together with Janet Hodder, who is the academic coordinator of the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, she set up a national network of teaching collaborators to mentor each other and inform their classroom teaching through research. This was made possible through the Faculty Institutes for Reforming Science Teaching programme, funded by the US National Science Foundation, in which many faculty members from campuses across the US have participated. This initiative has subsequently brought about significant changes in US science teaching methodology, as well as expanding the understanding of how people learn.
The reformation of instructional practice in higher education must begin with the efforts of academic staff. An excellent first step would be to select effective strategies that promote active learning. To this end, this book offers a number of engaging examples and practical approaches that can be implemented by any academic teacher.
Postal address:
Department of Botany and Zoology
Stellenbosch University
Private bag X1
Matieland 7602, South Africa
email: email@example.com
This article is available at: http://www.sajs.co.za
* Book price at time of Review


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The Mysterious Arc of Venus
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June 4, 2012: When Venus transits the sun on June 5th and 6th, an armada of spacecraft and ground-based telescopes will be on the lookout for something elusive and, until recently, unexpected: The Arc of Venus.
"I was flabbergasted when I first saw it during the 2004 transit," recalls astronomy professor Jay Pasachoff of Williams College. "A bright, glowing rim appeared around the edge of Venus soon after it began to move into the sun."
For a brief instant, the planet had turned into a "ring of fire."
Researchers now understand what happened. Backlit by the sun, Venus's atmosphere refracted sunlight passing through layers of air above the planet's cloudtops, creating an arc of light that was visible in backyard telescopes and spacecraft alike.
It turns out, researchers can learn a lot about Venus by observing the arc. Indeed, it touches on some of the deepest mysteries of the second planet.
"We do not understand why our sister planet's atmosphere evolved to be so different than Earth's," explains planetary scientist Thomas Widemann of the Observatoire de Paris.
Earth and Venus are similar distances from the sun, are made of the same basic materials, and are almost perfect twins in terms of size. Yet the two planets are wrapped in stunningly dissimilar blankets of air. Venus's atmosphere is almost 100 times more massive than Earth's and consists mainly of CO2, a greenhouse gas that raises the surface temperature to almost 900°F. Clouds of sulfuric acid tower 14 miles high and whip around the planet as fast as 220 mph. A human being transported to this hellish environment would be crushed, suffocate, desiccate, and possibly ignite.
For the most part, planetary scientists have no idea how Venus turned out this way.
"Our models and tools cannot fully explain Venus, which means we lack the tools for understanding our own planet," points out Widemann. "Caring about Venus is caring about ourselves."
One of the biggest mysteries of Venus is super-rotation. The whole atmosphere circles the planet in just four Earth days, much faster than the planet's spin period of 243 days. "The dynamics of super-rotation are still a puzzle despite a wealth of data from landmark missions such as NASA's Pioneer Venus, Russia's Venera and VEGA missions, NASA's Magellan and more recently ESA's Venus Express."
This is where the Arc of Venus comes in. The brightness of the arc reveals the temperature and density structure of Venus's middle atmosphere, or "mesosphere," where the sunlight is refracted. According to some models, the mesosphere is key to the physics of super-rotation. By analyzing the lightcurve of the arc, researchers can figure out the temperature and density of this critical layer from pole to pole.
When the arc appeared in 2004, the apparition took astronomers by surprise; as a result, their observations were not optimized to capture and analyze the fast-changing ring of light.
This time, however, they are ready. Together, Pasachoff and Widemann have organized a worldwide effort to monitor the phenomenon on June 5th, 2012. "We're going to observe the arc using 9 coronagraphs spaced around the world," says Pasachoff. "Observing sites include Haleakala, Big Bear, and Sacramento Peak. Japan's Hinode spacecraft and NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory will also be gathering data."
Pasachoff has some advice for amateur astronomers who wish to observe the arc. "The best times to look are ingress and egress--that is, when the disk of Venus is entering and exiting the sun. Ingress is between 22:09 and 22:27 UT on June 5th; egress occurs between 04:32 and 04:50 UT. Be sure your telescope is safely filtered. Both white light and H-alpha filters might possibly show the arc."
Enjoy the show!
Author: Dr. Tony Phillips | Production editor: Dr. Tony Phillips | Credit: Science@NASA
|More Information
The 2012 Transit of Venus -- Science@NASA
The ISS Transit of Venus -- Science@NASA
James Cook and the Transit of Venus -- Science@NASA
Live webcast of the 2012 Transit of Venus
Transit of Venus Images From the ISS -- from the International Space Station (available during and after the Transit)


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PLEASE NOTE: 18+. Max Bet £5. £10 deposit using promo code 888ODDS. Free bets are granted within 72 hours and expires after 7 days. Free bet stakes not included in returns. Deposit balance is available for withdrawal at any time. Withdrawal restrictions & full T&Cs apply.
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Glam Brunch Date Satin Shorts
Glam Brunch Date Satin Shorts
Delivery Times
Delivery Times
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to you via e-mail. If your item(s) are available for immediate shipment (within 1-2 business days), we will process the charges and submit the order for shipment.
The delivery time frame is between 5 to 12 business days
however, you may receive your items much earlier depending on your location. We will send you tracking information within 24 hours of your order leaving the warehouse to the e-mail address you provided when checking out. If you do not receive tracking information from us within 3 business days of your order, feel free to follow up with us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
You are able to cancel your order with no penalty. Cancel
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We are working on providing exact delivery timeframes per product. In the meantime, below is a rule of thumb for how long your purchase will take to arrive.
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Shipping in the U.S.: All orders will take from 1 - 3 business days to process. After processing, our delivery times range from 3 to 12 business days depending on warehouse location. Please use chat if you would like to check the shipping duration for a particular product before ordering. You can also email us at firstname.lastname@example.com, or our whatsapp +1 404-860-2980
International Shipping: Same processing duration as the U.S. and delivery times range from 8 - 21 business days. Please reach out for specific product delivery times.
These satin shorts give an effortless sophistication to any outfit! The shorts are high waisted and beautiful pop of color, perfect for the warm weather. Pair with a neutral top to give the shorts all of the attention!
- Pattern type: Solid
- Style: Urban
- Features: Pockets
- Length: Shorts
- Material composition: 97% polyester, 3% spandex
- Care instructions: Machine wash cold. Tumble dry low.
- Imported
- The model is wearing a size Small.
- Product measurements:
S: hip 37 in, rise 12 in, inseam 3 in, waist 25 in
M: hip 39 in, rise 12.5 in, inseam 3 in, waist 27 in
L: hip 41 in, rise 13 in, inseam 3 in, waist 29 in