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2030.2 - Melbourne ... A Social Atlas, 2001
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 11/02/2003
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2001 Census Social Atlas for Melbourne Launched
The Australian Bureau of Statistics' 2001 Census Social Atlas for Melbourne was officially launched today by the Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer, Senator Ian Campbell.
The Social Atlas features colour maps of the key social, demographic and economic characteristics of Melbourne at the time of the 2001 Census.
Senator Campbell said the series was a rich source of information for all Australians.
"The extensive range and depth of information will be a very useful resource for many different organisations and groups in the community, particularly schools," he said.
"The Social Atlas really is a great way to discover Melbourne."
The launch of the Melbourne atlas completes the series of Social Atlases for each Australian city, which have been released progressively since the end of last year. Social Atlases for Canberra and Darwin were also released today.
All of the social atlases feature a common set of maps on topics such as population, ethnicity, education, families, income, labour force and dwellings. They also include maps highlighting unique characteristics of individual capital cities.
"The census is a major project conducted every five years to gather information critical for the planning of our nation," Senator Campbell said.
"The 2001 Census received excellent support from the Australian public."
Media please note:
The Social Atlas for Melbourne was released at today's launch. A fact sheet summarising the main findings accompanies this media release. A comprehensive information kit containing a hard copy publication of the Social Atlas and CD ROM of broadcast/print quality versions of the maps is available to the media on request for reporting purposes.
The 2001 Census Social Atlas for Melbourne was released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics today.
The social atlas features colour maps of the key social, demographic and economic characteristics of your capital city, at the time of the 2001 Census.
Some of the points of interest for Melbourne were:
Population growth:
Melbourne's population of 3,203,088 is nearly 70% of the population of Victoria, and has grown by more than 218,000 people or 7.2% between the 1996 and 2001 censuses. More than half this population growth reflected residential developments in the outer and fringe suburbs such as Caroline Springs in the west, Roxburgh Park in the north and Narre Warren South in the south-east.
In addition, redevelopments in the city centre, and inner suburbs such as Docklands and Southbank, also contributed to an increase in population in these areas, and reversed the population decline in the inner city areas. Population growth in the local government areas of Melbourne and Port Phillip represented 12% of Melbourne's overall growth between 1996 and 2001. As with all capital cities in Australia part of this inner city growth is associated with an increase in medium or high density housing.
Population ageing:
As for all Australian capital cities, the proportion of younger persons to the total population is steadily declining. The average across all capital cities of the proportion of people aged under 25 years was 35.2% in 2001, compared with 39% in 1991. In Melbourne, people aged under 25 years comprised 34% of the population in 2001, compared with 38% in 1991.
University qualifications:
There was an increase in the proportion of people with university qualifications in Melbourne. They made up 24% of the labour force in 2001, compared with 14.6% in 1991. This is consistent with the national trend where all Australian capital cities reported an increase in the proportion of people with university qualifications since the 1991 census. The average across all Australian capital cities of the proportion of people with university qualifications was 22.0% of the labour force in 2001 compared with 14% in 1991. Melbourne remains higher than the national average.
People living alone:
More than 270,400 people lived alone in Melbourne. People living alone increased from 6.9% of the total population in 1991 to 8.6% in 2001. More than 36% of all people living alone were people aged 65 years or older.
Travel to work:
In Melbourne, more than 76% of employed people travelled to work by car. Less than 13% of employed people used public transport to get to work, and this group was most concentrated within 8 kilometres of the city centre, in an area serviced by an extensive tram network, as well as by trains and buses.
Internet use:
34% of the Melbourne population aged 5 years or older used the internet at home in the week before census night and nearly 60% of these people were aged less than 35 years. People attending school or undertaking tertiary studies comprised 38% of all internet users.
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[310 U.S. 41, 42] Messrs. Walter W. Blood and Frank N. Bancroft, both of Denver, Colo., for appellant.
[310 U.S. 41, 43] Messrs. George K. Thomas, of Cripple Creek, Colo., and Henry E. Lutz and Byron G. Rogers, both of Denver, Colo., for appellee.
Mr. Justice REED delivered the opinion of the Court.
This appeal involves the validity of the Public Revenue Service Tax Act of Colorado.1 The act, section 5, imposes upon the services specified in the act, a percentage tax based upon the value of the services rendered or performed by any person subject to its provisions. [310 U.S. 41, 44] Section 5(c) imposes a tax equivalent to two per cent of the value of services rendered by 'banks, finance companies, trust companies and depositories ....' The person rendering the services 'shall be liable and responsible for the payment of the entire amount ....' Section 6. He is required to remit all taxes collected and due the state from him to the treasurer less three per cent to cover the expense of the service. Under section 6(b) persons rendering or performing the services are required 'as far as practicable, (to) add the tax imposed ... to the value of services or charges showing such tax as a separate and distinct item and when added such tax shall constitute a part of such value of service or charge, shall be a debt from the user to the person rendering or performing service until paid, and shall be recoverable at law in the same manner as other debts.' By subsection (d) the person rendering the service is forbidden to hold out directly or indirectly that he will assume or absorb the tax. By section 7 the user may recover illegally collected taxes. Where services are rendered which become a part of an article subject to a sales tax, the services are exempt and the person performing the service recovers where they are illegally assessed. Section 3. By section 12, all sums paid by the user as taxes are public money and trust funds of the State of Colorado. It is made a misdemeanor, section 17, for any person rendering or performing services to refuse to make the returns required. The state treasurer is made administrator of the act and given authority to issue regulations. Section 19. The usual separability clause is contained in the act. Section 22.
The definitions of the act appear in section 2. By its subsection (c) the term 'services rendered or performed' is defined as those rendered for a valuable consideration by a person covered by the act for the ultimate user thereof. 'The term 'user' shall mean the person for whom or for whose benefit services are rendered or performed.' [310 U.S. 41, 45] By subsection (e) taxpayer is defined as 'any person obligated to account to the state treasurer for taxes collected or to be collected or due the state under the terms of this act.' Subsection (h) provides for a credit on future taxes of a tax paid on accounts eventually found worthless.
Under the rules and regulations issued by the treasurer on the Public Revenue Service Tax Act, the service tax is construed as invalid as applied to so-called banking services. 2
Under rule 27, however, such service as the furnishing of safety vaults by depositories or banks is held to come within the act, and the two per cent tax applies to the charges made for this service. These regulations were approved by the judgment and decree of the trial court and that judgment was affirmed in all particulars by the Supreme Court of Colorado. 98 P.2d 1120
While section 4(a) makes it unlawful for any person to render the defined services without 'first having obtained a license therefor,' the treasurer demands no license fees from a national bank. Such exception was held proper by the lower court. 3
The appellant here, the Colorado National Bank, was a national banking corporation duly organized and existing under the national banking act. The bank operated a safe-deposit service under its own name and in the building and vaults used for its other banking activities. The rentals received for the use of that portion of its vaults utilized for safe- deposit boxes were reported to the Comtroller of the Currency as income in the bank; the fixtures employed in the business are part of the assets of the bank and are supervised by the Comptroller of the Currency. [310 U.S. 41, 46] The appellee Bedford, as treasurer of the State of Colorado and administrator of the Service Tax Act, demanded payment from appellant bank of two per cent of the value of the services rendered by the bank to its safe deposit box customers. The bank refused payment and the treasurer brought this action under the Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act, Colorado Stat.Ann.1935, c. 93, 78, 79, for a declaration of rights to the effect that the services performed by the bank are taxable pursuant to the Service Tax Act. The bank answered claiming the state statute as applied to it was repugnant to the Constitution and laws of the United States; setting up the immunity of national banks from state taxation except as permitted by R.S. section 5219;4 claiming that the safe-deposit business of national banks was authorized by Congress and therefore was part of its federally authorized business, immune from taxation whether the bank or the user of its services is the taxpayer. The bank further contended that even though it is not the taxpayer and the tax burden as such is not unlawful, the burden of collection, report and visitation materially interfere with the performance of its national banking functions. A general demurrer to the answer was filed.
The trial court sustained the bank. The supreme court first affirmed by an equally divided court and then on re- [310 U.S. 41, 47] hearing reversed5 and remanded the case to the district court. The trial court entered a second judgment declaring as prayed by the treasurer, which judgment was affirmed by the supreme court on the authority of the former decision.
This appeal is here under section 237(a) of the Judicial Code, 28 U.S. C.A. 344(a). The treasurer makes the point that as the federal question raised was the immunity to the exaction of the bank as a federal instrumentality withdrawn from state taxation by congressional action, the determination that the tax was on a non-banking activity foreign to its federal character and on the user of the services eliminated the necessity of a decision on the federal question. As the statute was held valid after the conclusion of the Supreme Court of Colorado that the manner of state taxation of national banks must accord with R.S. section 5219 and must not intefere with federal functions, 6 it seems clear the federal question as to the validity of the statute as tested by the Constitution and laws of the United States was necessarily involved and decided. This gives this Court jurisdiction of the appeal. 7
Gully v. First National Bank,8 relied upon by the treasurer, dealt with the right to remove to a federal court9 because the cause of action arose under the federal laws,10 but the issue here is the right to appeal where a state statute is held valid against a defense of repugnancy to the same laws. 11 The difference is brought out [310 U.S. 41, 48] in the Gully case, where it is said: 'If there were no federal law permitting the taxation of shares in national banks, a suit to recover such a tax would not be one arising under the Constitution of the United States, though the bank would have the aid of the Constitution when it came to its defense.' 12
The genesis of the present system of national banks is the National Bank Act of June 3, 1864.13 It was called 'An Act to provide a National Currency, secured by a Pledge of United States Bonds, and to provide for the Circulation and Redemption thereof.' From this act, correlated with the Federal Reserve Act,14 there has developed the present nationwide banking facilities. R.S. section 5153, 12 U.S.C.A. 90, makes these associations the depositories of public money. Though the national banks' usefulness as an agency to provide for currency has diminished markedly, their importance as general bankers shows a constant growth. 15 We may assume that national banks possess only the powers conferred by Congress. 16 These are set out in R.S., section 5136, as frequently amended, and include 'all such incidental powers as shall be necessary to carry on the business of banking,' with the proviso 'that in carrying on the business commonly known as the safe- [310 U.S. 41, 49] deposit business the association shall not invest in the capital stock of a corporation organized under the law of any State to conduct a safe- deposit business in an amount in excess of 15 per centum of the capital stock of the association actually paid in and unimpaired and 15 per centum of its unimpaired surplus.' 17 We have recently found the authority to secure federal funds within these incidental powers, coupled with a long- continued practice recognized by the Comptroller of the Currency. 18 The right to accept special deposits is recognized by the banking act. 19 These are monies and other valuables the identical deposits of which are kept, preserved and returned in kind. It differs little if at all from a safe- deposit business. The language of the proviso of section 24, just quoted, is the language suitable to impose restrictions on a recognized power, not the language that would be used in creating a new power. As the limitation on the power to invest in real estate protected in a measure customers and stockholders from risky investments,20 the banks own investment in safety deposit facilities evidently did not seem to Congress to require the same regulation as the purchase of stock in a safedeposit corporation. A subsidiary safedeposit corporation would give priority to the creditors of the subsidiary over the depositors and other creditors of the bank itself. The obvious fact, known to all, is that national banks do and for many years have carried on a safe-deposit business. State banks, quite usually, are given the power to [310 U.S. 41, 50] conduct a safe-deposit business. 21 We agree with the appellant bank that such a generally adopted method of safeguarding valuables must be considered a banking function authorized by Congress. 22
We may assume, as did the Supreme Court of Colorado, that the tax is invalid, if laid upon the bank as an instrumentality of government in the incidents referred to in the preceding section;23 that its banking operations are free from state taxation except as Congress may permit;24 that Congress permits the taxation only of shares and real estate;25 and that Congress may inter- [310 U.S. 41, 51] vene to protect its instrumentalities from any other tax which threatens their usefulness. 26
Congress has not legislated against taxation of the cusomers of national banks. This court has approved a tax assessed upon the deposits of customers of national banks. 27 By section 6 of the Colorado act the 'person rendering or performing services shall be liable' for the payment of the tax imposed. But as subsection (b) of that same section requires the tax paid to be added to the charges for service 'as a separate and distinct item' and makes it a debt from the user of the services until paid, the tax is upon the user of the safe deposit boxes, not upon the bank. Furthermore, as by section 2(h) credit is given to the bank for taxes paid on accounts subsequently found worthless and the bank is in a position to require payment of box rentals and taxes in advance, there is no occasion for a bank ever to have saddled upon it any part of the tax burden.
In First National Bank v. Commonwealth of Kentucky,28 this Court determined a similar question in favor of the validity of the state tax. The case was decided in 1869. At that time the applicable federal statute 29 read: 'Sec. 41. ... Provided, That nothing in this act shall be construed to prevent all the shares in any of the said associations, held by any person ..., from being included in the valuation of the personal property of such person ... in the assessment of taxes imposed by or under state authority at the place where such bank is located, and not elsewhere ....'
The statute of Kentucky laid a tax of fifty cents on each share. The same statute enacted: 'The cashier of [310 U.S. 41, 52] a bank ... whose stock is taxed, shall, on the first day in July of each year, pay into the Treasury the amount of tax due. If such tax be not paid, the cashier and his sureties shall be liable for the same, and twenty per cent. upon the amount; and the said bank or corporation shall thereby forfeit the privilege of its charter.' Gen.St.Ky.1883, c. 92, art. 10, 1.
A national bank refused payment on the ground that it as a bank was not subject to state taxation. It was decided that this was a tax on shares, that the state in a legal proceeding against the shareholder could have garnisheed the bank and that because the bank was a federal instrumentality was no reason for not requiring it to collect and pay over the money from the shareholder. A similar tax was upheld in Des Moines Nat. Bank v. Fairweather. 30
The person liable for the tax, primarily, cannot always be said to be the real taxpayer. The taxpayer is the person ultimately liable for the tax itself. 31 The funds which were received by the State came from the assets of the user, not from those of the federal instrumentality, the bank. 32 The Colorado Supreme Court holds the user is the taxpayer. 33 The determination of the state court as to the incidence of the tax has great weight with us and, when it follows logically the language of the act, as here, is controlling. 34 As the user directly furnishes the funds for the tax, not as an ultimate consumer with a transferred burden but by section 12 of the act as the responsible obligor, we conclude the tax is upon [310 U.S. 41, 53] him not upon the bank. The Constitution or laws of the United States do not forbid such a tax.
The tax being a permissible tax on customers of the bank, it is settled by our prior decisions that the statutory provisions requiring collection and remission of the taxes do not impose an unconstituional burden on a federal instrumentality. 35 Especially is this true since the bank under the Colorado act is allowed three per cent of the tax for the financial burden put upon it by the obligation to collect.
[ Footnote 1 ] Session Laws of Colorado, 1937, c. 240, p. 1144. The act was amended and re-enacted May 1, 1939. Session Laws of Colorado, 1939, c. 158, p. 526. This later act is not material in this appeal.
[ Footnote 2 ] Rules and Regulations, Public Revenue Service Tax Act of 1937, No. 10, republished October 27, 1937.
[ Footnote 3 ] Bedford v. Colorado Nat. Bank, 104 Colo. 311, 315, 91 P.2d 469.
[ Footnote 4 ] 12 U.S.C. 548, 12 U.S.C.A. 548.
[ Footnote 5 ] Bedford v. Colorado Nat. Bank, supra.
[ Footnote 6 ] Ibid.
[ Footnote 7 ] California Powder Works v. Davis, 151 U.S. 389, 393 , 14 S.Ct. 350, 351; Indiana ex rel. Anderson v. Brand, 303 U.S. 95, 98 , 58 S.Ct. 443, 445, 113 A.L.R. 1482; cf. Owensboro National Bank v. Owensboro, 173 U.S. 664 , 19 S.Ct. 537; Clement National Bank v. Vermont, 231 U.S. 120 , 34 S.Ct. 31; Federal Land Bank v. Crosland, 261 U.S. 374 , 43 S.Ct. 385, 29 A.L.R. 1.
[ Footnote 8 ] 299 U.S. 109 , 57 S.Ct.96.
[ Footnote 9 ] Judicial Code, 28, 28 U.S.C.A. 71.
[ Footnote 10 ] Judicial Code, 24, 28 U.S.C.A. 41.
[ Footnote 11 ] Judicial Code, 237(a), 28 U.S.C.A. 344(a).
[ Footnote 12 ] 299 U.S. at page 115, 57 S.Ct. at page 99.
[ Footnote 13 ] 13 Stat. 99, 100.
[ Footnote 14 ] 38 Stat. 251, 12 U.S.C.A. 221 et seq.
[ Footnote 15 ] April 6, 1940, Treasury Daily Statement shows $172,081,172 in national bank notes outstanding on March 1, 1940. Compare with $1,122,452, 661 outstanding October 31, 1914. Report of the Comptroller of Currency, 1935, p. 833. On March 1, 1940, there was outstanding over $5,000,000,000 in Federal Reserve notes.
The number of national banks as of October 31, 1938, is 5247, capital accounts (capital surplus and undivided profits) $3,305,575,000, and deposits $27,103,881,000. Report of the Comptroller of the Currency, 1938.
[ Footnote 16 ] Texas & Pacific Ry. v. Pottorff, 291 U.S. 245, 253 , 54 S.Ct. 416, 417; Marion v. Sneeden, 291 U.S. 262 , 54 S.Ct. 421.
[ Footnote 17 ] 12 U.S.C. 24, 12 U.S.C.A. 24.
[ Footnote 18 ] Inland Waterways Corporation, etc. v. Young, 309 U.S. 517 , 60 S.Ct. 646, 84 L.Ed. --, decided March 25, 1940.
[ Footnote 19 ] R.S. 5228, 12 U.S.C. 133, 12 U.S.C.A. 133.
[ Footnote 20 ] 12 U.S.C. 29, 12 U.S.C.A. 29:
First. Such as shall be necessary for its accommodation in the transaction of its business.'
[ Footnote 21 ] Paton's Digest, 1926, Vol. 2, p. 2246, lists 24 states and territories which authorize their banks to conduct a safe deposit business. For example, Maine Act of 1923, c. 144, 6, (V), authorizes savings banks to 'own, maintain and let safe deposit boxes and vaults.' Ohio Gen.Code, 1921, 710-109, empowers banks to let out safe deposit boxes. California, Gen.Laws 1923, Act 652, 30, any bank may conduct a safe deposit department, but shall not invest more than one-tenth of its capital and surplus in such safe-deposit department.
[ Footnote 22 ] The language of the proviso first appeared in an act to further amend the national banking laws of the Federal Reserve Act enacted February 25, 1927, 44 Stat. 1224, section 2(b). Only immaterial verbal changes have occurred since the first adoption.
Referring to this proviso the House report said: 'The second proviso regulates the safe-deposit business of national banks and prohibits them from investing an amount in excess of 15 per cent of capital and surplus in a corporation organized to conduct a safe-deposit business in connection with the bank. This is a business which is regularly carried on by national banks and the effect of this provision is also primarily regulative.' H.Rep. No. 83, 69th Cong., 1st Sess., p. 4.
[ Footnote 23 ] Cf. Osborn v. United States Bank, 9 Wheat. 738, 862; Ownsboro National Bank v.Owensboro, 173 U.S. 664, 668 , 19 S.Ct. 537, 538; Bank of California v.Richardson, 248 U.S. 476, 483 , 39 S.Ct. 165, 166. Also Smith v. Kansas City Title Co., 255 U.S. 180, 212 , 41 S.Ct. 243, 249.
[ Footnote 24 ] Farmers', etc., National Bank v. Dearing, 91 U.S. 29 ; Easton v. Iowa, 188 U.S. 220 , 23 S.Ct. 288; First National Bank v. California, 262 U.S. 366 , 43 S.Ct. 602.
[ Footnote 25 ] R.S. 5219; Owensboro National Bank v. Owensboro, 173 U.S. 664, 668 , 676 S., 19 S.Ct. 537, 540.
[ Footnote 26 ] Pittman v. Home Owners' Loan Corp., 308 U.S. 21 , 60 S.Ct. 15, 124 A.L.R. 1263, decided November 6, 1939, and cases cited; James v. Dravo Contracting Co, 302 U.S. 134, 160 , 58 S.Ct. 208, 221, 114 A.L.R. 318; First National Bank v. Missouri, 263 U.S. 640, 656 , 44 S.Ct. 213, 215.
[ Footnote 27 ] Clement National Bank v. Vermont, 231 U.S. 120, 133 , 34 S.Ct. 31, 34.
[ Footnote 28 ] 9 Wall. 353.
[ Footnote 29 ] 13 Stat. 111.
[ Footnote 30 ] 263 U.S. 103, 111 , 44 S.Ct. 23, 25; cf. Gully v. First National Bank, 299 U.S. 109, 116 , 57 S.Ct. 96, 99.
[ Footnote 31 ] Stahmann v. Vidal, 305 U.S. 61 , 59 S.Ct. 41.
[ Footnote 32 ] Helvering v. Therrell, 303 U.S. 218, 225 , 58 S.Ct. 539, 543.
[ Footnote 33 ] Bedford v. Colorado Bank, 104 Colo. 311, 319, 91 P.2d 469; cf. Bedford v. Hartman Brothers, 104 Colo. 190, 194, 89 P.2d 584.
[ Footnote 34 ] Clement National Bank v. Vermont, 231 U.S. 120, 134 , 34 S.Ct. 31, 35.
[ Footnote 35 ] First National Bank v. Commonwealth of Kentucky, 9 Wall. 353; Des Moines Bank v. Fairweather, 263 U.S. 103, 111 , 44 S.Ct. 23, 25; cf. Waite v. Dowley, 94 U.S. 527 ; Monamotor Oil Co. v. Johnson, 292 U.S. 83, 93 , 54 S.Ct. 575, 578; Code of Iowa, 1931, 5093-a5; Felt & Tarrant Co. v. Gallagher, 306 U.S. 62, 68 , 59 S.Ct. 376, 378; McGoldrick v. Berwind-White Coal Co., 309 U.S. 33 , 60 S.Ct. 388, 84 L.Ed. --, decided January 29, 1940.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Then again, it's not hard to be better than The Love Guru. Woah wait. Wasn't Jessica Alba in The Love Guru. Was she forced at gunpoint? Because, you know, she's all discerning and sh-t right?
Anyway, there's another Canadian who is making a movie about hockey. And, well, it sounds awesome. Jay Baruchel co-wrote the Goon script with Evan Goldberg. He's shooting it right now in Winnipeg. Which I love. Because that's the heart of it right there. If you're going to make a movie about minor league hockey, Manitoba is authentic. And Baruchel claims this will be authentic:
"(Goon is for) hockey fans and f-cking fight fans."
Dude, for some Canadians, many Canadians, that's like porn.
Here's an official production still from the studio featuring Baruchel and Seann William Scott, the lead actor in the film. Also attached – exclusive new photos of Liev Schreiber shooting scenes yesterday on the ice. Looks like he'll be the rival enforcer? Kinda like Racki in Youngblood?
You know, Rob Lowe had a way with sex scenes, non? I need to get Youngblood on DVD.
Rob Lowe, Patrick Swayze, and Keanu Reeves ALL IN ONE MOVIE.
Exclusive photos from Punkd Images


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How to Fix Windows 7 Temp Issue on Workgroup and Domain Environment?
1) Before do anything, restart the computer 2 or 3 times to see whether it's going back to your old correct profile. Go to next step if this doesn't work.
2) Rename the temp profile registry and revert back the old registry settings for the correct profile. This method works most of the time for me in Workgroup and domain environment.
a) Log in with temp profile.
b) Start registry editor by typing regedit in find box of Windows 7.
c) Navigate the following location.
d) You will see similar keys under profile list, but one with .bak, as shown below.
e) The key with .bak is for the correct old profile. Currently your Windows 7 computer logged in with fresh (temporary) profile with same key. So, rename the new profile key (which is not having.bak) and remove .bak from correct profile key.
f) That's it. Log off and log in (or restart) with your username and password. You must get your correct profile with icons and profile settings back in Windows 7, if you are lucky enough.
Still if Windows 7 laptop loads with temporary profile and creates a registry key with .bak, that means user profile is really corrupted and Operating System is not reading it properly.
3) Few times this method worked for me, repair the corrupted files. Usually the corrupted 'Ntuser' files cause this issue. So, run the check disk for partition which is having user profile.
press key Y
After restarting for check disk, if you see corrupted entries and repairing process inside your user profile folder, then you can hope for good news here. If it finds and repairs any files especially Ntuser files, you may get your old Windows 7 profile back.
If above steps do not help you out, then we need to create a new profile with new username.
Create New User Account
Basically, we need to create a new user account, login with it and transfer the data from old user profile to new user profile. It is easy in workgroup environment as you can create new username locally, but it is tricky in domain environment. Because the existing user account is already there on domain server and nothing wrong with it. Also, creating a new different domain user account will cause issues on corporate emails, domain groups membership and shared permissions.
So, we need to treat both cases separately.
4)Create new username in non-domain (workgroup environment) from control panel or computer management. Make sure to add the new user to administrators' group.
Login with new username and start copying your old data from old profile. I normally copy below data,
a) My Documents (Music, videos and downloads)
b) Desktop
c) Favorites
d) Any outlook PST files (find more information about location of PST files here)
But Microsoft suggests copying entire old user profile (except 3 files) as shown in this official site link.
5) New user profile in domain environment.
Since we can't delete and create new domain user account for this purpose, we will play around with client computer only. Let's completely remove the user profile and recreate again.
Copy the important user data (a to do in above step 4) or entire folders from corrupted profile to new location. Double-check that you have copied all required folders and files from old profile, because we are going to delete it now.
Go to Advanced settings of System as shown below, click on Settings (user profiles), select the corrupted user profile, which is not loading properly in Windows 7, then press Delete button. Delete button will be enabled only if you login with different user account.
This will remove the entire user profile and related user SID from computer including the registry keys we talked about earlier. You can cross check the proper removal of user account (SID) by checking the C:\Users folder. Once it is removed properly, restart the computer and login with same username (which was not loading earlier). The computer should create a new user profile as this is the first time the user is logging on. You need to copy back your old important data to new profile and set email outlook etc. If required.
I hope these tips help to fix temporary profile issue on Windows 7


text: A traditional acoustic guitar version of We Wish You A Merry Christmas, a festive classic! Sit back with a glass of mulled wine and a mince pie and let the guitar play all your christmas favorites! Perfect for this holiday season, full of joy, festive feelings, and christmas vibes, great for a wide range of visuals for this christmas season!


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Ex-nurse appeals encouraging suicides conviction
ST. PAUL, Minn. (AP) — The attorney for an ex-nurse found guilty of encouraging two depressed people to commit suicide is asking the Minnesota Court of Appeals to overturn his conviction, saying his actions were constitutionally protected free speech.
In papers filed Friday, defense attorney Terry Watkins argues that the trial court created a new category of prohibited speech, in violation of U.S. Supreme Court rulings, when it found that William Melchert-Dinkel broke a Minnesota law against encouraging suicides.
Melchert-Dinkel acknowledges he gave the victims — a British man and Canadian woman — advice over the Internet on how to hang themselves. But his attorney argues they had already decided to commit suicide, and his communications did not lead them to do something they wouldn't have otherwise done.
The trial court rejected the free-speech arguments.


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From there, our operations and maintenance offer is delivered by a team that thrives on solving our clients' operational challenges and improving their cost base and service efficiency.
Through our asset management team, we deliver scheduled maintenance services and upgrades, with shutdown capability for major events and turnaround projects.Clients consistently benefit from our specialist experience, tailored solutions and flexibility. With project and production certainty being paramount, we draw on the best of our commercial, project, risk, technology and people management skills to deliver excellence at the lowest whole-of-life cost.
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New Ebola Drug 100 Percent Effective In Monkeys
New Ebola Drug 100 Percent Effective In Monkeys
The Ebola virus first emerged in 1976, striking fear with the uncontrollable bleeding it causes and mortality rates up to 90 percent. Ever since then, scientists have been struggling to find a way to treat the infection or protect against it.
There has been progress, but nothing quite like the report in the May 28 issue of the scientific journal The Lancet. A team led by Thomas Geisbert of Boston University has used an experimental drug to protect monkeys from death after injecting them with massive doses of the most lethal strain of Ebola.
"We were stunned," Geisbert says. "I've been working with this virus for my whole career -- 23 or 24 years -- and we've had some mild successes where maybe we could go up to 50 percent protection," he said. "But I was really shocked that we got complete protection."
Virologist Heinz Feldmann of the National Institute on Allergies and Infectious Diseases, who often collaborates with Geisbert but was not involved in this work, called the results "a milestone" -- and not just for treatment of Ebola.
"I think this will most likely also work for other related viral hemorrhagic fevers," Feldmann said, such as Marburg, Lassa and Crimean-Congo fever. All are deadly to one degree or another and cause outbreaks in Africa and elsewhere.
Monkey Experiments
The drug that Geisbert's team devised, in collaboration with a British Columbia biotech company called Tekmira Pharmaceuticals, is a departure from other anti-Ebola measures. It contains snippets of RNA derived from three of the virus' seven genes. That "payload" is packaged in protective packets of nucleic acid and fat molecules.
These little stealth missiles attach to the Ebola virus' replication machinery, "silencing" the genes from which they were derived. That prevents the virus from making more viruses.
The drug worked in rodents, but rodents aren't a good indicator of how Ebola infections work in primates, such as humans. For that, researchers need nonhuman primates.
The Geisbert team did two sets of monkey experiments to test the novel drug. First, they injected four macaques with super-lethal doses of the Zaire strain of Ebola -- the deadliest. They gave something like 30,000 times more virus than was needed to kill the animals, to set the severest test for the experimental drug.
Then, 30 minutes later, they injected three of the monkeys with the drug. They repeated the dose the next day and again on days three and five after the Ebola infection.
Two out of the three monkeys survived with only mild Ebola symptoms. The third one died, as did a control animal that didn't get the drug.
"Then we went back and said, maybe this is such a lethal infection, we could improve the outcome by increasing the number of treatments," Geisbert said. So they gave daily injections of the experimental drug over seven days. This time, all four monkeys given the experimental drug sailed through with mild or no Ebola symptoms. The untreated control animal died.
Human Cases Different
Of course, in the real world, people infected with Ebola might not get the drug within 30 minutes of infection like these monkeys did. So Geisbert is planning another set of experiments.
"Can we go 24 hours or 48 hours or 72 hours before we start treatment?" he wondered. "Can we increase the window and still achieve 100 percent protection?"
If these experiments pan out, it will be necessary to do safety studies in humans. That is, healthy volunteers would be given the drug to see if it causes any problems. But there's no ethical way to do the usual clinical trials in human Ebola patients -- and it would be logistically impossible, too, because natural Ebola outbreaks are unpredictable, usually in remote areas of Central Africa, and the virus moves quickly.
Recognizing these difficulties, the Food and Drug Administration eight years ago devised an "animal rule" for such viruses. Under the rule, if there's an animal "model" of infection that closely mimics the human disease, and the experimental treatment protects these animals, the FDA will consider those data as evidence of efficacy, along with studies demonstrating the drug is safe in healthy human volunteers.
Lack Of Will
But Feldmann worries that the money and commercial interest won't be there to invest in studies to bring the new Ebola drug to market.
"I personally feel that there is not the will to do this," Feldmann said. "And one reason for that, of course, is money."
The implications of having a successful treatment for Ebola -- and perhaps those other hemorrhagic fevers -- loom large. It could be life-saving for three groups of people:
-- People infected in the periodic outbreaks in Africa and other areas where hemorrhagic fevers occur, along with caregivers and public health workers who try to cope with such epidemics;
-- People who could get infected if terrorists got hold of Ebola or a similar virus and used it as a weapon, along with first responders and caregivers caught up in such an attack; and
-- Laboratory workers who periodically get infected accidentally with Ebola and other hemorrhagic fever viruses through needlesticks and bites from infected animals.
Accidental Infections
Researchers in this exotic field, of course, are eager to have a treatment that works when laboratory accidents happen. It has already occurred at least a half-dozen times, and sometimes lab workers have died. It's likely to occur more often, because new maximum-containment laboratories are opening in the U.S. and elsewhere to work with these dangerous microbes.
"You don't have to be extremely smart to predict that as more people work with this, the bigger chance there is that incidents like this [will happen] to laboratory workers," Feldmann said.
He vividly recalls an episode about a year ago. A laboratory worker in Germany accidentally stuck herself with a syringe loaded with concentrated Ebola virus, and Feldmann was among international experts conferenced in to help decide what to do for her.
The woman ended up getting an experimental vaccine that Feldmann had developed when he worked for Health Canada, and Canadian authorities managed to fly the vaccine to Hamburg within 40 hours of the needlestick.
She didn't die, or even get seriously ill, but nobody can say whether it's because of the experimental vaccine. It's possible she escaped infection in the first place.
Still, the episode haunts Feldmann.
"In a few months or years, we're going to sit around and try to do something for a colleague who was unlucky and got bitten by an infected animal in the lab or had a needlestick," he said. "We have all the proper protocols in place, but we're still humans and we make mistakes. It's just a matter of time when the next incident will happen."


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In just less than two weeks, my new novel, Wonders of the Invisible World, will be released. I'm incredibly excited for this book to find its way to readers. The local book launch event for the book will be held at Barnes and Nobles in Boardman, Ohio on September 11th, at 7 PM, where I'll give a reading and then sign books for attendees. Please join if you can. If you want, you can RSVP on the Facebook invitation to the event, so B&N has a general idea of headcount for the event.
For those of you who aren't local but would still like a signed copy of the novel, you can pre-order signed copies from the loveliest bookstore in Madison, Wisconsin, A Room of One's Own, who will be sending books with signed bookplates to readers who order the book through them.
You can call or use a special pre-order page on their website. Info is here:
To pre-order via the bookstore's website, click here.
By phone:
Thanks very much for your pre-orders, wherever you may be ordering from. Every copy helps!


text:
Plea Agreement
The United States of America and defendant Executive Relocation International, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia and defendant's counsel, hereby enter into the following Plea Agreement pursuant to Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(a)(1) and 11(c)(1)(B).
1. Offense and Maximum Penalties
The defendant agrees to waive indictment and plead guilty to a criminal information charging the defendant with one count of conspiracy to restrain trade, in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1. The defendant understands that the statutory maximum penalty which may be imposed upon conviction for a violation of 15 U.S.C. § 1 is a fine equal to the greatest of:
In addition, the defendant understands that:
2. Factual Basis for the Plea
The defendant will plead guilty because the defendant is in fact guilty of the charged offense. The defendant admits the facts set forth in the statement of facts filed with this plea agreement and agrees that those facts establish guilt of the offense charged beyond a reasonable doubt. The statement of facts, which is hereby incorporated into this plea agreement, constitutes a stipulation of facts for purposes of Section 1B1.2(a) of the Sentencing Guidelines. In addition, this plea agreement and statement of facts, together with the record that will be created by the United States and the defendant at the plea and sentencing hearings will provide sufficient information concerning the defendant, the crimes charged in this case, and the defendant's role in the crimes to enable the meaningful exercise of sentencing authority by the Court, as required under 18 U.S.C. § 3553.
3. Assistance and Advice of Counsel
The defendant is satisfied that the defendant's attorney has rendered effective assistance. The defendant understands that by entering into this agreement, defendant surrenders certain rights as provided in this agreement. The defendant understands that the rights of criminal defendants include:
4. Role of the Court and the Probation Office
The defendant understands that the Court has jurisdiction and authority to impose any sentence within the statutory maximum described in Paragraph 1, and that the Court will determine the defendant's actual sentence in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). The defendant understands that the Court has not yet determined a sentence and that any estimate of the advisory sentencing range under the U.S. Sentencing Commission's Sentencing Guidelines Manual the defendant may have received from the defendant's counsel, the United States, or the Probation Office, is a prediction, not a promise, and is not binding on the United States, the Probation Office, or the Court. Additionally, pursuant to the Supreme Court's decision in United States v. Booker, 125 S. Ct. 738 (2005), the Court, after considering the factors set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a), may impose a sentence above or below the advisory sentencing range, subject only to review by higher courts for reasonableness. The United States makes no promise or representation concerning what sentence the defendant will receive, and the defendant cannot withdraw its guilty plea based upon the actual sentence. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties agree that there exists no aggravating or mitigating circumstance of a kind, or to a degree, not adequately taken into consideration by the Sentencing Commission in formulating the Guidelines that should result in a sentence outside of the advisory Guidelines range. The parties agree not to seek or support any sentence outside of the advisory guideline range. The parties further agree that the recommended sentence is reasonable.
5. Waiver of Appeal, Collateral Attack, FOIA and Privacy Act Rights
The defendant also understands that 18 U.S.C. § 3742 affords a defendant the right to appeal the sentence imposed. Nonetheless, the defendant knowingly waives the right to appeal the conviction and any sentence within the statutory maximum described above (or the manner in which that sentence was determined) on the grounds set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3742 or on any ground whatsoever, in exchange for the concessions made by the United States in this plea agreement. This agreement does not affect the rights or obligations of the United States as set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3742(b). The defendant further waives its right to collaterally attack its guilty plea or the sentence imposed by any means, on any ground. The defendant also waives all rights, whether asserted directly or by a representative, to request or receive from any department or agency of the United States any records pertaining to the investigation or prosecution of this case, including without limitation any records that may be sought under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. § 552, or the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. § 552a.
6. Sentencing Agreement
Pursuant to Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(c)(1)(B), the United States and the defendant agree that the appropriate disposition of Count I is, and agree jointly to recommend, that the Court impose a sentence requiring the defendant to pay to the United States a criminal fine of $72,600 for the charged conduct relating to the transportation of household goods owned by U.S. military and civilian Department of Defense personnel ("military household goods"). The parties recommend a total fine of $72,600 derived from:
Twenty percent (20%) of approximately $484,000, the total volume of commerce attributable to the defendant's conduct as described in the criminal information and the statement of facts; a culpability score of 3; and a multiplier of 0.75 pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 2R1.1(d)(2); 8C2.6.
The United States and the defendant understand that the Court retains complete discretion to accept or reject the recommended sentence. The defendant understands that, as provided in Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(c)(3)(B), if the Court does not impose a sentence consistent with the recommendation contained in this plea agreement, it nevertheless has no right to withdraw its guilty plea. The United States and the defendant agree to request jointly that the Court accept the defendant's guilty plea and impose sentence on an expedited schedule, as early as the date of arraignment, based upon the record provided by the defendant and the United States pursuant to Fed. R. Crim. P. 32(c)(1)(A)(ii) and U.S.S.G. § 6A1.1. The Court's denial of the request to impose sentence on an expedited schedule will not void this plea agreement.
7. Administrative Action
The defendant understands that it may be subject to administrative action by federal or state agencies other than the United States Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, based upon the conviction resulting from this plea agreement, and that this plea agreement in no way controls whatever action, if any, other agencies may take. The United States agrees, however, that, if requested, it will advise the appropriate officials of any governmental agency considering such administrative action of the fact, manner, and extent of the cooperation of the defendant as a matter for that agency to consider before determining what administrative action, if any, to take.
8. Special Assessment
Before sentencing in this case, the defendant agrees to pay a mandatory special assessment of four hundred dollars ($400.00) pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3013(a)(2)(B), in addition to any fine imposed.
9. Payment of Monetary Penalties
The defendant understands and agrees that, pursuant to Title 18, United States Code, Sections 3613, whatever monetary penalties are imposed by the Court will be due and payable within fifteen (15) days after the imposition of sentence and subject thereafter to immediate enforcement by the United States as provided in Section 3613. Furthermore, the defendant agrees to provide all of its financial information to the United States and the Probation Office and, if requested, to participate in a pre-sentencing debtor's examination. If the Court imposes a schedule of payments, the defendant understands that the schedule of payments is merely a minimum schedule of payments and not the only method, nor a limitation on the methods, available to the United States to enforce the judgment.
10. Immunity from Further Prosecution
Upon acceptance of the guilty plea called for by this plea agreement and the imposition of sentence, and subject to the cooperation requirements of Paragraph 11, the United States agrees that it will not bring further criminal charges against the defendant, or against the defendant's current or former officers, directors, and employees for any act or offense committed before the date of this plea agreement that was undertaken either in furtherance of any antitrust conspiracy or any conspiracy to defraud the United States aimed at fixing, designating, or establishing the rates bid for the transportation of military household goods. With respect to current or former officers, directors, and employees, this nonprosecution agreement applies to them only for acts committed while acting as an officer, director, or employee of the defendant. The nonprosecution terms of this paragraph do not apply to civil matters of any kind, to any violation of the federal tax or securities laws, or to any crime of violence.
11. Defendant's Cooperation
The defendant agrees to cooperate fully and truthfully with the United States in the prosecution of this case, the current federal investigation of violations of federal antitrust and related criminal laws involving the transportation of military household goods, any other federal investigation resulting therefrom, and any litigation or other proceedings arising or resulting from any such investigation to which the United States is a party ("Federal Proceedings"). The ongoing, full, and truthful cooperation of the defendant shall include, but not be limited to:
Defendant is further hereby on notice that the defendant may not violate any federal, state, or local criminal law while cooperating with the United States. Nothing in this agreement places any obligation on the government to seek the defendant's cooperation or assistance.
12. Use of Information Provided by the Defendant Under This Agreement
Pursuant to Section 1B1.8 of the Sentencing Guidelines, no truthful information that the defendant provides pursuant to this agreement will be used to enhance the defendant's guidelines range. The United States will bring this plea agreement and the full extent of the defendant's cooperation to the attention of other prosecuting offices if requested. Nothing in this plea agreement, however, restricts the Court's or Probation Office's access to information and records in the possession of the United States. Furthermore, nothing in this agreement prevents the government in any way from prosecuting the defendant should the defendant provide false, untruthful, or perjurious information or testimony.
13. Defendant Must Provide Full, Complete and Truthful Cooperation
This plea agreement is not conditioned upon charges being brought against any other entity or the result of any other proceeding against any other entity. This plea agreement is not conditioned upon any outcome in any pending investigation. This plea agreement is not conditioned upon any result in any future prosecution which may occur because of the defendant's cooperation. This plea agreement is not conditioned upon any result in any future grand jury presentation or trial involving charges resulting from this investigation. This plea agreement is, however, conditioned upon the defendant providing full, complete and truthful cooperation.
14. Breach of the Plea Agreement and Remedies
The defendant agrees that, should the United States determine in good faith, during the period that any Federal Proceeding is pending, that the defendant has failed to provide full and truthful cooperation, as described in Paragraphs 11 and 13 of this plea agreement, or have otherwise violated any provision of this plea agreement, the United States will notify counsel for the defendant in writing by personal or overnight delivery or facsimile transmission and may also notify counsel by telephone of its intention to void any of its obligations under this plea agreement (except its obligations under this paragraph), and the defendant shall be subject to prosecution for any federal crime of which the United States has knowledge including, but not limited to, the substantive offenses relating to the investigation resulting in this plea agreement. The defendant agrees that, in the event that the United States is released from its obligations under this plea agreement and brings criminal charges against the defendant for any offense referred to in Paragraph 10 of this plea agreement, the statute of limitations period for such offense will be tolled for the period between the date of the signing of this plea agreement and six (6) months after the date the United States gave notice of its intent to void its obligations under this plea agreement.
The defendant understands and agrees that in any further prosecution of it resulting from the release of the United States from its obligations under this plea agreement, because of the defendant's violation of the plea agreement, any documents, statements, information, testimony, or evidence provided by the defendant, or by any current or former directors, officers, or employees of the defendant, to attorneys or agents of the United States, federal grand juries, or courts, and any leads derived therefrom, may be used against the defendant in any such further prosecution. The defendant unconditionally waives its right to challenge the use of such evidence in any such further prosecution, notwithstanding the protections of Fed. R. Evid. 410.
15. Nature of the Agreement and Modifications
This written agreement constitutes the complete plea agreement between the United States, the defendant, and the defendant's counsel. The defendant and its counsel acknowledge that no threats, promises, or representations have been made, nor agreements reached, other than those set forth in writing in this plea agreement, to cause the defendant to plead guilty. Any modification of this plea agreement shall be valid only as set forth in writing in a supplemental or revised plea agreement signed by all parties. The undersigned corporate representative is authorized to enter this plea agreement on behalf of the defendant as evidenced by the Resolutions of the Board of Directors of the defendant attached to, and incorporated by reference in, this plea agreement. The undersigned attorneys for the United States have been authorized by the Attorney General of the United States to enter this plea agreement on behalf of the United States. A facsimile signature shall be deemed an original signature for the purpose of executing this plea agreement. Multiple signature pages are authorized for the purpose of executing this plea agreement.
Defendant's Representative's Signature: As corporate representative for defendant Executive Relocation International, Inc., I have consulted with counsel for the corporation and fully understand all rights of the defendant with respect to the pending Criminal Information. Further, I fully understand all rights with respect to 18 U.S.C. § 3553 and the provisions of the Sentencing Guidelines Manual that may apply in this case. I have read this plea agreement and carefully reviewed every part of it with counsel for the defendant. I understand this agreement and voluntarily accept it on behalf of the defendant.
Defense Counsel's Signature: I am counsel for defendant Executive Relocation International, Inc. in this case. I have fully explained to the defendant its rights with respect to the pending Criminal Information. I have reviewed 18 U.S.C. § 3553 and the Sentencing Guidelines Manual, and have fully explained to the defendant the provisions that may apply in this case. I have carefully reviewed every part of this plea agreement with the defendant's Board of Directors and with the corporate representative of the defendant, Charles L. Bailey. To my knowledge, the defendant's decision to enter into this agreement, to accept benefits under the agreement, and to be bound by certain obligations under the agreement are informed and voluntary decisions.


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Seven Secrets Not on Credit Reports
Do you feel like your credit report is spying on you?
Sometimes it seems like just about everything personal is included in your credit history, including your name, address and Social Security number. Even your birth date is on it.
But you still have a few secrets even your credit report doesn't know.
Here are seven items that lenders won't see when they pull your credit report.
Your Salary
Salaries haven't "been on a report since the early 1990s," says John Ulzheimer, president of consumer education for SmartCredit.com. Even then, it was "highly dubious" because the information came from the consumers themselves, he adds.
If you ask someone what they will make this year, there are "too many variables," such as layoffs, raises, commissions and bonuses to get an accurate answer, says Ulzheimer.
Another reason you won't see salaries on credit reports: "Income really isn't a measure of creditworthiness," he says. "It's a measure of capacity."
Your credit report and your credit scores are meant to tell "a creditor whether or not you're going to make a payment, not whether you can make a payment," Ulzheimer says.
Other income sources that also don't appear on your credit report: unemployment benefits, alimony, child support or public assistance.
Your Employment Status
Lose your job and you probably feel like the bad news is tattooed on your forehead. One place no one will see it: your credit report.
Even if you tell individual lenders, such as your mortgage holder, that information won't make it onto your credit report.
Employment information, though, could be there and will vary slightly depending on which of the three credit bureau reports a lender pulls.
Names of your employer or past employers could be on the report if you applied for credit and listed them on applications, says Rod Griffin, director of public education for Experian, one of the three major credit reporting agencies. But an Experian report won't list your job title or dates of employment, he says.
Your Equifax report will list your last known employer and occupation, but not your dates of employment or whether you're still employed, says Jennifer Costello, director of public relations with the credit bureau.
Your TransUnion report will list, "if available," your current employer and occupation, plus the date employment was verified, the hiring date and/or the date the information was reported, says Clifton O'Neal, spokesman for the bureau. It also lists the same information for the previous employer, he says.
Your Spouse's Credit History
Merging lives doesn't mean merging credit files.
Contrary to popular belief, marriage doesn't result in one joint credit file for both parties, says Ulzheimer.
When someone pulls your credit, whether you're married or not, the lender will see only your individual credit history, along with the debts and accounts with your name on them.
Some of those obligations may show that you're a joint account holder, co-signer or authorized user on certain accounts, says Ulzheimer. However, your report won't show the names of the other people on those accounts, or your relationships to them.
If you live in a community property state and your spouse defaults on his or her individual debts, then a collection action for the debts, which could be considered yours also, could show up on your credit report, he says.
One thing you might notice no matter where you live: When you pull your own credit report, some versions will include your spouse's name, says Ulzheimer. But the reports lenders and others view won't have that.
Your Criminal Past
Relax: That arrest for trespassing when you were a teenager won't affect your credit. That's because it won't show up on your credit report.
Credit bureaus don't include criminal conduct on credit reports, says Ulzheimer.
Three exceptions: First, if you have a financial snafu that also involves the court system, such as a judgment or lien, it will show up on your credit report.
Child support payments can also show up as a regular debt on your credit report, says Costello.
And if you receive a fine or ticket, don't pay it and it goes to collection, then that collection activity could show up on your report. But it would appear as a debtor trying to collect an overdue debt. There wouldn't be any details on the initial infraction, says Costello.
Medical Debt
The Fair Credit Reporting Act prohibits listing information on your report that jeopardizes your medical privacy. Often, this means medical debt doesn't appear unless it goes to collections, says Ulzheimer.
One possible exception: Pay with a credit card or through a third-party lender and the balance could show as a regular debt, minus any medical information, he says.
In collections, medical debt can pop up on a credit report. But privacy rights are still in effect.
For Experian, the report lists the item as medical debt, along with the balance, default date and collection status. There is "no information on the type of condition treated, where you received the treatment, the name of the medical collection company -- anything that would be of concern," Griffin says.
For Equifax, the report includes "the name of the creditor (i.e., medical corporation, treating agency, doctor's office) but would not include information denoting that it is for medical services," says Costello. If the provider's name breaches confidentiality, the provider more than likely would report using the "parent company or holding entity" instead, she says.
For TransUnion, says O'Neal, it includes the balance in collections and that it's medical debt, with no information on providers or services.
Nontraditional Loans
Pawned some valuables? Taken out a payday loan? Signed for a car title loan?
Those transactions don't show up on your credit report, says Ulzheimer.
"But if you default and the lender enlists a collection agency to come after you for the balance, that action likely will go on your report," he says.
Another item that doesn't show up on credit reports: reloadable debit cards. "They are not on your credit report because they are not credit," Ulzheimer says.
One "lender" that's also often missing from credit reports: utility providers.
While some power, gas and phone companies routinely report to credit bureaus and as a result, show up on your credit report, more often they don't, Ulzheimer says.
When that can change: If you dodge a bill that goes into collections, you can probably expect that notation to end up on your report.
Your Net Worth
A credit report is basically a list of all your current and recent past debts and obligations.
What's missing from the report: assets that you own outright.
Which means it can't include your net worth. That surprises some consumers, says Ulzheimer. "A lot of people think their net worth is on a credit report."
"There's nothing on a credit report that talks about how much money you have in the bank, the money you have in a brokerage account, your stock options" or any other assets, he says. "And if you own a piece of property free and clear, there's nothing on your credit report."
Also not on the report: the worth of your home or home equity, says Ulzheimer. "The value of your home is not on your credit report."
The only related item that you could see: your mortgage, plus any loans or liens you have on the property.


text:
BeChronized provides Reliable & Affordable Sports Timing Solutions for Cyclocross.
Specialized in Transponder Timing Technology, we're able to offer you a complete Timing Solution
including Photo-finish systems according to your needs.
Please find below an introduction of our solutions for illustration purpose.
As every project is different, don't hesitate to contact us for a tailor made solution and quotation.
For Cyclocross races we use our Pro or Elite Decoder in combination of a stand-alone loop box and the ProActive Transponder.
The Decoder is the device which receives the transponder passing times to be further processed into our Timing Software installed on the Timekeeper's computer. The stand-alone loop box is a timing line, the finish line.
All Cyclocross riders have a ProActive Transponder attached to their wrist, ankle, bike or BIB number. Each Transponder has a unique code a.k.a. Transponder Number in order to identify each participant and to record the exact time at which they pass the finish line.
The Timing Software allows the management, processing, displaying and printing of your Cyclocross event on timing and results level.
Next to our Transponder Timing Solution we're also able to provide you complementary products or solutions like a Photo-finish system or LED scoreboards or video walls.
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text:
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A Walk in the Woods Rediscovering America on the Appalachian Trail Bill Bryson 1999
A classic from the New York Times bestselling author of A Short History of Nearly Everything and The Body. Back in America after twenty years in Britain, Bill Bryson decided to reacquaint himself with his native country by walking the 2,100-mile Appalachian Trail, which stretches from Georgia to Maine.
The at offers an astonishing landscape of silent forests and sparkling lakes and to a writer with the comic genius of Bill Bryson, it also provides endless opportunities to witness the majestic silliness of his fellow human beings. For a start there's the gloriously out-of-shape Stephen Katz, a buddy from Iowa along for the walk.
Despite Katz's overwhelming desire to find cozy restaurants, he and Bryson eventually settle into their stride, and while on the trail they meet a bizarre assortment of hilarious characters.
But A Walk in the Woods is more than just a laugh-out-loud hike. Bryson's acute eye is a wise witness to this beautiful but fragile trail, and as he tells its fascinating history, he makes a moving plea for the conservation of America's last great wilderness. An adventure, a comedy, and a celebration, A Walk in the Woods has become a modern classic of travel literature.


text: Hello world! by Beans Web Design | Mar 4, 2017 | Uncategorized | 1 comment Welcome to Beans Web Design. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start blogging! 1 Comment Anonymous on March 4, 2017 at 8:44 pm Reply Submit a Comment Cancel replyYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *Comment * Name * Email * Website


text:
I'm working on becoming more compassionate.
His Holiness the Dalia Lama believes that compassion forms the basis for ethical behavior. My interest in compassion is less noble. I find that when I remember to shift my attention from analysis to compassion, I always learn something.
Two articles published last week have tested my capacity for compassion.
Before reading them, I would have been hard-pressed to feel even a stitch of empathy for fashion models or a cup of human kindness for college athletes… sorry. You see what I mean? I can't even get through the sentence without a tongue-in-cheek metaphor. Now I find that I'm left with more questions than answers.
In the October 2011 issue of Atlantic Monthly, Pulitzer Prize winning author and civil rights historian Taylor Branch shines a harsh light on the National Collegiate Athletic Association (or NCAA) in his article, The Shame of College Sports. Branch provides a history of the NCAA while demonstrating—case-after-case—how the twin ideals of "Student-Athlete" and "Amateurism" are actually contrived structures that allow institutions and private corporations to make billions of dollars from the labor of 18 to 20 year olds who are not afforded basic employment or property rights.
In one example—a case that's currently in the court system—Ed O'Bannon, former UCLA basketball player of the year, complains that UCLA and the NCAA continue to derive revenue from the sale of video games starring an Ed O'Bannon character. Even though O'Bannon is neither an amateur nor a student-athlete, he has no right to the use of his image by UCLA and the NCAA.
When I attended school at UCLA, I worked at one of the college cafeterias. I saw first hand how athletes were treated. I was responsible one year for figuring out how to account for the food that the football team ate so that we could charge the athletic department—all 130 members of the team ate for free! The players couldn't be bothered to stop at the cash registers so that we could ring up what they had taken from the food line. Eventually, we decided to section off a portion of the dining room and provide a separate meal service for them.
The first thing I feel about college athletes—and I'm not proud of this—is disdain. Media coverage of the overt and covert perks has increased in recent months with stunning confessions of sports agents and college boosters wooing high school stars to this or that campus. Branch's article shocked me; not because of the disheartening stories of how money has corrupted the ideals of amateurism, but because I had never viewed the athletes as victims of a system that trades on their talent while providing lopsided benefits to institutions who simply provide a venue and access to a voracious audience.
In the September 15 edition of the New York Times, Ashley Mears, an assistant professor of sociology at Boston University, wrote an op-ed piece about another elite group that supports a multi-billion dollar industry without basic employment rights: fashion models. Mears points out that while Fashion Week brings upwards of $400 million to New York City each year, most of the freelance runway models work without benefits; they don't have any control over the conditions of their work; and, in many cases, they aren't paid at all.
Interestingly, both for fashion models and college athletes, about 1 percent of them ever make a career out their endeavors. That 1 percent gets a lot of attention and a lot of money; the rest fade back into society often without the basic education and skills of the average, non-celebrity college graduate.
It's hard to feel compassion for people who are revered and that's my point.
I'm not taking sides on the issue of how society treats college athletes and fashion models. The issues are complicated and all that money creates counterproductive incentives.
What I woke up to last week is how my own perceptions represent a kind of systems-blindness. Ignorance of the structures that support our ways of life makes it easy to have opinions and judgments. Having compassion for people constrained by the institutions that enable our way of life is an opening through which we can ask whether we're satisfied with the ethics of the underlying structures—structures to which we are generally blind.
Ignorance may be bliss, but that doesn't make ignorance aspirational.
Read other posts by Jay G. Cone
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|man pages section 2: System Calls Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library
- make a symbolic link to a file
#include <unistd.h> int symlink(const char *path1, const char *path2);
int symlinkat(const char *path1,int fd, const char *path2);
The symlink() function creates a symbolic link path2 to the file path1. Either name may be an arbitrary pathname, the files need not be on the same file system, and path1 may be nonexistent.
The file to which the symbolic link points is used when an open(2) operation is performed on the link. A stat() operation performed on a symbolic link returns the linked-to file, while an lstat() operation returns information about the link itself. See stat(2). Unexpected results may occur when a symbolic link is made to a directory. To avoid confusion in applications, the readlink(2) call can be used to read the contents of a symbolic link.
The symlinkat() function is equivalent to the symlink() function except in the case where path2 specifies a relative path. In this case the symbolic link is created relative to the directory associated with the file descriptor fd instead of the current working directory. If the file descriptor was opened without O_SEARCH, the function checks whether directory searches are permitted using the current permissions of the directory underlying the file descriptor. If the file descriptor was opened with O_SEARCH, the function does not perform the check.
If symlinkat() is passed the special value AT_FDCWD in the fd parameter, the current working directory is used and the behavior is identical to a call to symlink().
Upon successful completion, 0 is returned. Otherwise, -1 is returned, errno is set to indicate the error, and the symbolic link is not made.
The symlink() and symlinkat() functions will fail if:
Write permission is denied in the directory where the symbolic link is being created, or search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix of path2.
The directory where the entry for the new symbolic link is being placed cannot be extended because the user's quota of disk blocks on that file system has been exhausted; the new symbolic link cannot be created because the user's quota of disk blocks on that file system has been exhausted; or the user's quota of inodes on the file system where the file is being created has been exhausted.
The file referred to by path2 already exists.
The path1 or path2 argument points to an illegal address.
The path argument includes non-UTF8 characters and the file system accepts only file names where all characters are part of the UTF-8 character codeset.
An I/O error occurs while reading from or writing to the file system.
Too many symbolic links are encountered in translating path2.
The length of the path2 argument exceeds PATH_MAX, or the length of a path2 component exceeds NAME_MAX while _POSIX_NO_TRUNC is in effect.
A component of the path prefix of path2 does not exist.
The directory in which the entry for the new symbolic link is being placed cannot be extended because no space is left on the file system containing the directory; the new symbolic link cannot be created because no space is left on the file system which will contain the link; or there are no free inodes on the file system on which the file is being created.
The file system does not support symbolic links.
A component of the path prefix of path2 is not a directory.
The file path2 would reside on a read-only file system.
The symlinkat() function will fail if:
fd was not opened with O_SEARCH and the permissions of the directory underlying fd do not permit directory searches.
The path2 argument does not specify an absolute path and the fd argument is neither AT_FDCWD nor a valid file descriptor open for reading or searching.
The symlink() and symlinkat() functions may fail if:
More than {SYMLOOP_MAX} symbolic links were encountered during resolution of the path2 argument.
The length of the path2 argument exceeds {PATH_MAX} or pathname resolution of a symbolic link in the path2 argument produced an intermediate result with a length that exceeds {PATH_MAX}.
The symlinkat() function may fail if:
The path2 argument is not an absolute path and fd is neither AT_FDCWD nor a file descriptor associated with a directory
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
cp(1), link(2), open(2), readlink(2), stat(2), unlink(2), attributes(5)


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Tiger-parrots show their true evolutionary stripes
Recently released genetic research from CSIRO and New Mexico State University in the US is helping scientists better understand how Australian birds evolved.
The researchers found that the tiger-parrots of New Guineas rainforests named for their striped or barred plumage - are not, as has been widely accepted, closely related either to a group of rosella-like parrots found in Australia and Oceania, nor a similar group found in Asia and Africa.
In the latest edition of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, they report that tiger-parrots instead occupy their own perch on the parrot evolutionary tree.
Co-author, the Director of CSIROs Australian National Wildlife Collection (ANWC) Dr Leo Joseph, said the findings will help improve our understanding of how parrots have evolved.
This research on tiger-parrots and some other enigmatic Australian parrots such as the little-known Night Parrot of inland Australian deserts sheds light on the bigger picture of parrot evolution for Australia and New Guinea, Dr Joseph said.
It has shown for the first time, for example, that tiger-parrots represent a very early branch of the parrot evolutionary tree in Australia and New Guinea.
The research teams quest has been to understand the true places of parrots such as the Night Parrot and the tiger-parrots in the ecological and evolutionary history of parrots across the Australian continent.
During our research on these oddball parrots of Australia and New Guinea, we affirmed that the Australian parrots are far from one cohesive group. They appear, instead, to be made up of about five different main branches of the parrot evolutionary tree, Dr Joseph said.
We have shown that the New Guinea tiger-parrots arent rosella-like parrots and that their resemblance in some aspects of their appearance to rosellas probably indicates some plumage characters that have been part of the evolution of parrots of Australia and New Guinea for a long time.
We also showed, because we included so many other parrots, that they arent even part of the Asian and African assemblage with which they have even more often been associated.
In fact, it seems they are something nobody had really appreciated a very early branch of the Australian and New Guinean evolutionary tree of parrots, he said.
Dr Joseph said that by being able to accurately trace who is related to whom in a group of organisms, scientists can better understand how the evolutionary process affects diversity in the living world.
Provided by CSIRO


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GLENDALE, Ariz., Jan. 3 (UPI) -- Curtis McElhinney made 34 saves for his second shutout of the campaign Thursday, carrying Columbus to a 2-0 victory over Phoenix.
It was the fourth career shutout for McElhinney, who is playing for his fifth NHL club in six seasons.
Nathan Horton, making his Columbus debut after recovering from shoulder surgery, opened the scoring with 4:10 to go in the second period.
Horton signed a seven-year contract with the Blue Jackets last summer after spending six seasons with Florida and three with Boston.
The other Columbus goal came from R.J. Umberger on the power play midway through the third period.
Mike Smith made 31 saves in the loss.


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The Nexus 7 with 16GB of storage reappeared "in stock" Wednesday on the Google Play store after it was unavailable on the site and in many retail stores in the U.S. for about a week.
Google launched its Nexus 7 tablet at its Google I/O conference in San Francisco. (Image: Google)
A Google spokeswoman said Friday that the 16GB version selling for $249 would come back soon to Google Play, but didn't indicate a date. It wasn't immediately clear when the site began re-selling it, and Google didn't respond to a request to comment. The Google Play site says it will take three to five business days to deliver the 16GB version.
The 8 GB version, selling for $199, has been available on Google Play since the Nexus 7 went on sale July 13. In addition to shortages on Google Play, the 16GB version is still listed as on "back order" at GameStop, and for sale "in store only" with a special order at Staples. Various retailers said they had trouble meeting demand for the larger-capacity Nexus 7 nearly from the start of sales.
Gabe Donnini, a data solutions engineer for Chitika Insights, said Google's restock of the 16 GB version didn't come as a surprise. "The company was expending a lot of effort into making sure that they could meet consumer demand," he said."The shortage was never projected to be a long-term issue."
Chitika runs an online advertising network and has been providing monthly measurements of Web usage with various tablet computers in North America.
Chitika found that when the Nexus 7 was released, the tablet "experienced a jump in [Web] usage that has not been seen outside of the iPad."
In a blog, Chitika wrote that the Nexus 7 posted "impressive" Web usage across the Chitika Ad Network "particularly for a device which has only been widely available for such a short period of time."
The iPad far exceeds other tablets in terms of total Web usage, taking 91%. Among all the other tablets, the Samsung Galaxy Tab has the largest share, followed in order by the Acer Iconia, Barnes & Noble Nook, Toshiba Thrive, Asus Transformer, BlackBerry PlayBook, Kindle Fire, Motorola Xoom, and then the Nexus 7. Nexus 7 had a .33% share of the non-iPad tablets in the week from July 16 to 22, Chitika said.
Donnini said that even with the shortage of Nexus 7 16GB units, its usage levels over the Web have put the device on par with other successful tablet launches such as the Kindle Fire, which sold 4 million units in the first quarter on the market at the end of 2011.
"I'd look for the Nexus 7 to establish a leading presence among Android-powered tablets by the end of 2012," Donnini added in an email.
Matt Hamblen covers mobile and wireless, smartphones and other handhelds, and wireless networking for Computerworld. Follow Matt on Twitter at @matthamblen or subscribe to Matt's RSS feed. His email address is email@example.com.
See more by Matt Hamblen on Computerworld.com.
Read more about tablets in Computerworld's Tablets Topic Center.


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Download on : Apple App Store Google Play
Look for alternatives on : Windows Store (PC)
Sky UK Limited doesn't seem to want to develop this application on PC... but that's no reason to give up ! Would you like to download and install Sky Q on Windows 10? Vote for this app on WishApplist! After a certain number of votes, we will contact the publisher to let them know that many of you want to download it. The more of us who ask for it, the more likely it is to land on PC! You can also login to your account to be alerted when this app is available.


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The Baby Orangutan is a complete control solution for small robots, all packed into a tiny 1.2″ x 0.7″ 24-pin DIP package. Its compact design eliminates bulkier components such as the LCD and switches while retaining the most essential features of the Orangutan robot controller line: a programmable ATmega48 or ATmega328P AVR microcontroller and a dual H-bridge for direct control of two DC motors. This integrated motor driver sets the Baby Orangutan B apart from similarly-sized microcontroller boards from other manufacturers. Two on-board indicator LEDs, a trimmer potentiometer, a 20 MHz resonator, and reverse battery protection round out the basic hardware features of the Baby Orangutan.
The removal of the larger Orangutan components also allows for a significantly improved manufacturing process that allows Pololu to offer the Baby Orangutan B at a very affordable price. Because the Orangutans are based on Atmel's powerful AVR microcontrollers, the Orangutans deliver significantly higher performance than other similar controller boards. The availability of free development software, such as the Atmel Studio IDE and the WinAVR GCC C/C++ compiler, and low-cost programmers, such as the Pololu USB AVR programmer, make the Baby Orangutan B a truly outstanding value. We offer a combination deal that lets you save when you buy a USB AVR programmer with your Baby Orangutan.
For those not necessarily interested in robotics, the Baby Orangutan B is also a great introduction to the AVR microcontrollers because of its size and price. All you need to get started is a low-cost programmer and a power source. You can fit a substantial design even on a small breadboard since you won't need the space for basic components such as the voltage regulator and resonator. The source code for several sample projects is available under our resources tab; these examples are intended to help you get up and running quickly with your new AVR-based controller.
- overall unit dimensions: 1.2″ x 0.7″
- input voltage: 5-13.5 V (15 V absolute maximum)
- two bidirectional motor ports can deliver ~1 A continuous (3 A peak) per channel
- programmable 20 MHz Atmel ATmega48 AVR microcontroller (4 KB flash, 512 bytes SRAM, 256 bytes EEPROM) or Atmel ATmega328P AVR microcontroller (32 KB flash, 2 KB RAM, 1 KB EEPROM)
- 18 user I/O lines, 16 of which can be used for digital I/O and 8 of which can be used as analog input channels
- 1 user LED
- user potentiometer tied to ADC7
- 20 MHz external resonator
- pinout is compatible with the Orangutan SV-328, Orangutan LV-168, and 3pi robot, so the same code will generally work on all of these devices
- comprehensive user's guide
ATmega48, ATmega168, and ATmega328 comparison
The Baby Orangutan B is available with either the ATmega48 or ATmega328P AVR microcontroller (the ATmega168 version has been discontinued). The main differences between the mega48 and mega328P are memory size, boot loader support, and interrupt vector size. The mega328 can also run at lower voltages than the mega48 and mega168 for frequencies below 10 MHz.
|4K Bytes
|16K Bytes
|32K Bytes
|512 Bytes
|1024 Bytes
|2048 Bytes
|256 Bytes
|512 Bytes
|1024 Bytes
|Interrupt Vector Size
|1 instruction word/vector
|2 instruction words/vector
|2 instruction words/vector
|Boot Loader Section
|128, 256, 512, or 1024 words
(256, 512, 1024, or 2048 bytes)
|256, 512, 1024, or 2048 words
(512, 1024, 2048, or 4096 bytes)
Note: As of July 25, 2011, the Baby Orangutan B-48 is only available for high-volume orders. Please contact us if you are interested in placing such an order. The Baby Orangutan B-328 continues to be available as normal.
Included components
The compact module can be used as a DIP component on breadboards or prototyping boards, or the pin-less versions can be used for space-constrained installations in miniature robots. The 0.1″ header pins are included with the Baby Orangutan B but are not soldered in. Power pins, one of the motor outputs, and several I/O lines are all accessible from one side to enable use of the Baby Orangutan as a single in-line pin (SIP) package for applications that do not require all of the I/O lines. The small size and low cost of the Baby Orangutan makes it a perfect option for primary control of small robots or for auxiliary control on larger robots.
Note: The Baby Orangutan B-168 has been replaced by the Baby Orangutan B-328, which uses the newer ATmega328P microcontroller to provide 32 KB of program memory, 2 KB of RAM, and 1 KB of EEPROM. The ATmega328P is essentially a drop-in replacement for the ATmega168, so the code that works on the Baby Orangutan B-168 should work with minimal modification on the Baby Orangutan B-328 (the Pololu AVR Librarynow supports the ATmega328P).


text: San Antonio, TX - SABCS 2001- Dr. Dan Hayes speaks at the Case Problems in Advanced Breast Cancer at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium here that explores research into Breast Cancer. The symposium is sponsored by the San Antonio Cancer Institute. © Photo by Todd Buchanan/2001 for the Medical Journal.


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Cell-free System for the examination of apoptotic activity
In our lab we use the term 'cell-free system' when we talk about the examination of apoptotic activity in cytoplasmic extracts. The cytoplasmic extracts may be prepared from cells which were treated in culture with an apoptosis-inducing agent or from untreated cells. In the latter case, apoptotic activity can be induced by addition of apoptotic stimuli (such as recombinant active caspases or cytochrome c) to the extracts. Apoptotic activity in the cytoplasmic extracts can be examined by the measurement of enzymatic caspase-acticity, by western blots of proteins processed during apoptosis (caspases and their substrates), or by using isolated cell nuclei as indicators for apoptotic factors inducing nuclear morphological changes and/or DNA fragmentation. It was in 1993 when the first paper described that a cell-free system can mimic characteristic features of apoptosis in intact cells (Lazebnik et al., 1993, J. Cell Biol., 123(1): 7-22). Indeed, it has become clear that the apoptotic pathways acting in the cytoplasm function independently from the nucleus and thus, cell-free systems appear to be appropriate model systems which represent at least part of the apoptotic machinery and signaling mechanisms. Cell-free systems have been previously successfully applied in the dissection of biochemical mechanisms during the apoptotic process, such as the identification and characterization of the 'apoptosome', AIF, and the DNA fragmentation factor ICAD (Zou et al., 1997, Cell, 90:405-413; Susin et al., 1999, Nature, 397: 441-446; Enari et al., 1998, Nature, 391: 43-50). Also signaling pathways such as the caspase-cascade have been studied under cell-free conditions, poviding insight into activation patterns and inhibitor-specificities (Mesner et al., 1999, JBC, 274 22635-22645; Faleiro et al., 1997, EMBO, 16(9): 2271-2281; Takahashi et al., 1997, Oncogene, 14: 2741-2752). The protocols described below are derived essentially from Lazebnik et al., 1993, J. Cell Biol., 123(1): 7-22 and Fearnhead et al., 1997, Genes and Dev., 11: 126-1276.
Activation of apoptotic activity in cytoplasmic extracts and measurement of the resulting caspase enzymatic acticity
Activation of apoptotic activity in cytoplasmic extracts for western blot analysis
Reconstitution of activated cytoplasmic extracts with isolated nuclei. Analysis of apoptotic activity by qualitative DNA laddering assay and DAPI staining.
Reconstitution of activated cytoplasmic extracts with isolated radioactive nuclei. Analysis of apoptotic activity by quantitative, radioactive DNA fragmentation assays or DAPI staining.
Radioactive DNA fragmentation assay
Radioactive nuclei (e.g from ALVA31 cells) were prepared as described in the protocol "Isolation of cell nuclei for the application in a cell-free system". Prior to use in the cell-free system, 5x104 nuclei in NSB (5 µl of 107 nuclei per ml) were distributed in 0.5 ml microfuge tubes and were washed once in 50 µl DB. The nuclei were then incubated in cytoplasmic extracts (final protein concentration 7.5 mg/ml) in the presence or absence of 10 µM cyt c and 1 mM dATP in a total volume of 10 µl for 4 h at 37°C (650 nuclei/µg protein).
Here is an example for a reaction mix for this kind of experiment:
y corresponds to 75 µg protein, and x is calculated so that the final volume is 10 µl.
After incubation, the nuclei were transferred from the microfuge tubes into the wells of a 96 well plate; the nuclei's DNA was harvested on a glassfiber membrane and the retented radioactivity measured by scintillation counting. Experiments were run in triplicate or pentuplicate for each condition. The percentage of DNA fragmentation was calculated as follows:
( [cpm of nuclei in pure extracts] - [cpm of nuclei in extracts + cyto c/dATP] ) / [cpm of nuclei in pure extracts] x 100
Extract Dilution Buffer (DB):
RECIPE for 500 µl:
10 mM HEPES (pH 7.0)
supplemented with ATP regeneration system:
2 mM ATP
100 µl of 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.0 incl.
5 µl of 200 mM ATP in water
365 µl H2O nuclease free
Add DTT and ATP regeneration system always fresh to the buffer, just before use!
Caspase Assay Buffer (CAB):
RECIPE for 50 ml:
50 mM PIPES
838.4 mg PIPES
add 40 ml H2O, adjust pH=7.2 using KOH (about 200 µl of 1M KOH), then fill up to the final volume of 50 ml.
1mM DTT is always added fresh to the buffer, just before use.
Lysis Buffer (for DNA isolation from nuclei)
RECIPE for 50 ml:
50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0
5 ml of 0.5 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.2
add 43 ml H2O
TE Buffer
RECIPE for 50 ml:
50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0
5 ml of 0.5 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.2
add 44.9 ml H2O
4% Paraformaldehyde in PBS
RECIPE for 100 ml:
Solution is good for at least 1 year.