text:
Expert's Rating
- Archives deleted files
- Has extensive customization options
- Scheduled syncs run in background
- Can't create bootable duplicates
- Doesn't sync file ownership outside user's folder
Our Verdict
ChronoSync 3.3.6 from Econ Technologies is about as full-featured as synchronization programs get. It's easy enough for a novice to use immediately, but has enough geeky options to satisfy the most demanding propellerhead.
You begin by selecting the folders or volumes to synchronize, one on the left side of the interface, one on the right. Then you choose a type of synchronization from a pop-up menu. You can copy everything from the left to the right, or vice versa, with any of several approaches; you can also synchronize bidirectionally. There's also a checkbox to determine whether or not the software should synchronize deletions. Click on a button to synchronize the files, and ChronoSync copies them as you've specified. To prevent unintended actions, ChronoSync offers a Trial Synchronization mode that shows you what will happen when you sync, but doesn't copy any files. You can also click on the Analyze button to get a live view of the files in both locations and their status relative to each other.
The program gives you a great deal of control over every aspect of file synchronization. You can choose whether to preserve modification dates for folders whose contents have changed; avoid creating empty folder hierarchies; preserve or omit Finder comments; and more. You can also select any of numerous file attributes that, if different between the two sides, will trigger a sync, including Finder flags, access permissions, and locked status-metadata that many syncing programs ignore when comparing files.
If your synchronization needs are highly specific, you can use ChronoSync's extensive Rules interface to create patterns for including and/or excluding items. Rules can include any of a vast range of criteria, including the file name, size, Finder label, and nearly any other attribute you can think of. For example, you could look for files that are locked and larger than 50MB, and which were created in the last three days, or those with a Finder label of Red but not the word "book" in the title-all in a single rule.
ChronoSync creates a document representing each synchronization setup. If you want to synchronize more than one folder simultaneously, you can create a container that includes multiple sync documents. Each document can run on a schedule, and the ChronoSync application need not be running at sync time; a background process launches and completes the sync, interrupting you only if there's a conflict that requires your attention.
Instead of deleting files to make two folders identical, ChronoSync can move extra files into a special archive folder—letting you undo deletions if you later realize you needed one of those files. Similarly, when a given file is different in the two folders being synchronized, ChronoSync can archive the older version rather than simply overwriting it with the newer one. In these respects, ChronoSync acts more like a backup program than a synchronization program, and in many situations it can handle either sort of task with aplomb.
Although ChronoSync preserves most Mac OS X metadata correctly during syncs, it is unable to set ownership correctly for files and folders not owned by the current user; this effectively prevents it from being reliable for synchronizing applications or other files outside your user's folder. (Econ Technologies does offer a limited workaround for this issue, available on request from its tech support department.) According to the developer, the next major release will be able to preserve all file ownership data correctly (and also offer, for the first time, the option to create a bootable duplicate of an entire disk).
Macworld's buying advice
ChronoSync 3.3.6 is impressive as a synchronization program and capable as backup software, too. Although users will have to wait for the next release (a free upgrade for paid customers) to get proper copying of file ownership and bootable duplicates, the current version of ChronoSync can meet virtually any other synchronization need.
[Joe Kissell is the senior editor of TidBits and the author of numerous e-books about OS X.]


text:
Attention to detail in both design and manufacture of the displacement sensor ensures precision measurement throughout the linear displacement transducer's life.
Solartron Metrology offers a large range of displacement sensors to suit multiple applications with different cable outlets (radial or axial), multiple measuring ranges, different cable types like steel braided which provides additional protection for displacement sensors that are being used in harsh environments. If you cannot find the product you need please contact your local sales office or distributor.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Jun 7, 2007
I talked with Bruce Williams about the Ruby community near the
Boulder, living in snow, the RailsEdge, Rails Plugins and UI
Frameworks. We talked about the tools that are available to
Ruby and Rails developers and how these combined with attitude
within the community may have created the sweet spot that Rails now
occupies. He also mentions that conferences should blur the
line between speaker and attendee.
Bruce is a great guy and I think you will enjoy this interview.
- bob payne


text:
Apache Overview HOWTO
Daniel Lopez Ridruejo, email@example.com
v0.9, 2002-10-10
This document gives you an overview of the different Apache projects,
such as the Apache HTTP server and the Tomcat Servlet and JSP engine.
It provides pointers for further information and implementation
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Apache Software Foundation
1.2 Structure of this document
2. Apache
2.1 Architecture
2.1.1 2.1.1 Apache 1.3
184.108.40.206 Process-based Web server
126.96.36.199 Windows support
126.96.36.199 Modular
2.1.2 2.1.2 Apache 2.0
22.214.171.124 Multi Processing Modules
184.108.40.206 Protocol Modules
22.214.171.124 Module and filter architecture.
184.108.40.206 Compatibility issues
184.108.40.206 Portable
2.2 Security
2.2.1 Authentication
2.2.2 Access Control
2.3 Proxy
2.4 Performance and scalability
2.4.1 Load Balancing
2.4.2 Compression
2.5 CGI scripts
2.6 Development Platform Integration
2.6.1 Perl
2.6.3 Python
2.6.4 Tcl
2.6.5 Microsoft technologies
184.108.40.206 .Net
2.6.6 Java
2.6.7 Modules for other languages
2.7 Management
2.7.1 Build tools
2.7.2 User Interfaces for Apache
2.8 Publishing
2.9 Protocol modules
2.10 Virtual Hosting
2.11 Commercial support
3. ASF Projects
3.1 Applications and Frameworks
3.1.1 3.1.1 Servers
22.214.171.124 Tomcat
184.108.40.206 JAMES (Java Apache Mail Enterprise Server)
22.214.171.124 Lucene
220.127.116.11 Jetspeed
3.1.2 3.1.2 Content management
22.214.171.124 Slide
184.108.40.206 Alexandria
3.1.3 3.1.3 Frameworks
22.214.171.124 Turbine
188.8.131.52 Avalon
3.2 Presentation
3.2.1 Cocoon
3.2.2 Velocity
3.2.3 AxKit
3.2.4 Xalan
3.3 Parsers and Document Access libraries
3.3.1 Xerces
3.3.2 Batik
3.4 Interoperability
3.4.3 XML security
3.5 Development
3.5.1 Apache Portable Runtime
3.5.2 Ant
3.5.3 Byte Code Library
3.5.4 Log4j
3.5.5 ORO and Regexp
3.5.6 Struts
3.5.7 Taglibs
3.5.8 Database
3.5.9 Commons
3.6 Testing
3.6.1 httpd-test
3.6.2 Cactus
3.6.3 JMeter
3.6.4 Lakta
3.6.5 Watchdog
4. Where to find more information
4.1 Websites
4.2 Books
4.3 Support forums
5. Contacting the Author
5.1 Translations
6. Open Content Open Publication License
1. Introduction
This document gives you an overview of the Apache world, including
Apache Software Foundation projects such as the Apache web server and
commercial and open source third party software. Apache is the most
popular server on the Internet . New
Apache users, especially those coming from a Windows background, are
often unaware of the possibilities of Apache, its useful addons and,
more in general, how everything works together. This document aims to
show a general picture of such possibilities with a brief description
of each one and pointers for further information. The information has
been gathered from many sources, including projects' web pages,
conference talks, mailing lists, Apache websites and my own hands-on
experience. Full credit is given to these authors. Without them and
their work, this document would not have been possible or necessary.
Copyright 2002 Daniel Lopez Ridruejo
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the Open Content Open Publication License, Version
1.1. A copy of the license is included in the appendix entitled "Open
Content Open Publication License", or at www.opencontent.org/openpub/.
1.1. Apache Software Foundation
The Apache Software Foundation provides support for the Apache
community of open-source software projects. The Apache projects are
characterized by a collaborative, consensus based development process,
an open and pragmatic software license, and a desire to create high
quality software that leads the way in its field. We consider
ourselves not simply a group of projects sharing a server, but rather
a community of developers and users.
The ASF is home to many successful Open Source projects, such as the
Tomcat Servlet/JSP engine and the ANT build tool.
You can learn more about the foundation here
1.2. Structure of this document
The first part of this document deals with the Apache Web Server and
related modules. It covers the history, architecture and capabilities
of the server and describes ways in which you can extend and customize
The second part of this document covers projects of the Apache
Software Foundation, such as those form the Jakarta and Java XML
communities. Rather than organizing the projects around a certain
programming language or technology, they are organized based on
functionality provided.
2. Apache
Apache is the leading internet web server, with over 60% market share,
according to the Netcraft survey .
Several key factors have contributed to Apache's success:
· The Apache license . It is an
open source, BSD-like license that allows for both commercial and
non-commercial uses of Apache.
· Talented community of developers
with a variety of
backgrounds and an open development process based on technical
· Modular architecture. Apache users can easily add functionality or
tailor Apache to their specific enviroment.
· Portable: Apache runs on nearly all flavors of Unix (and Linux),
Windows, BeOs, mainframes...
· Robustness and security.
Many commercial vendors have adopted Apache-based solutions for
their products, including Oracle , Red Hat
and IBM . In addition,
Covalent provides add-on modules and 24x7
support for Apache.
The following websites use Apache or derivatives. Chances are that if
Apache is good enough for them, it is also good enough for you :)
· Amazon.com
· Yahoo!
· W3 Consortium
· Financial Times
· Apple
· MP3.com
· Stanford
>From the Apache website :
The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort to develop and maintain an
open-source HTTP server for modern operating systems including UNIX
and Windows NT. The goal of this project is to provide a secure,
efficient and extensible server that provides HTTP services in sync
with the current HTTP standards.
Apache started its life as modifications to the NCSA Web server, one
of the first HTTP servers. You can learn more about Apache's history
here :
The Apache project has grown beyond building just a web server into
developing other critical server side technologies. The Apache
Software Foundation, described in a later section, serves as an
umbrella for these projects.
2.1. Architecture
There are two main versions of Apache, the 1.3 series and the 2.0
series. Although both versions are considered production quality, they
differ in architecture and capabilities.
2.1.1. 2.1.1 Apache 1.3
Apache 1.3 has been ported to a great variety of Unix platforms and is
the most widely deployed Web server on the Internet.
220.127.116.11. Process-based Web server
Apache 1.3 on Unix is a process-based Web server. The Apache program
forks several children at startup. Forking means that a parent process
makes identical copies of itself, called children. Each one of the
children can serve a request independent of the others. This approach
has the advantage of improved stability: If one of the children
misbehaves (runs out of control or has memory leaks) it can be
terminated without affecting the others. The stability comes with a
performance penalty. In most Unix operating systems, creating
processes and context switching (assigning processor time to each
process) are expensive operations. Since processes are isolated from
each other, they cannot easily share code and data, consuming system
188.8.131.52. Windows support
Apache 1.3 is the first version of Apache to support Windows, although
the port is not considered to be as stable as its Unix counterparts.
This is due to the fact that the server had been designed with Unix in
mind and the Windows port was a later addition that did not integrate
very well.
220.127.116.11. Modular
Apache 1.3 has a modular architecture. You can enable or disable
modules to add and remove Web server functionality. You can customize
Apache to improve performance and security. In addition to modules
bundled with the server, there is a great number of third party
modules, providing extended functionality.
2.1.2. 2.1.2 Apache 2.0
Apache 2.0 is the latest and greatest version of the Apache server.
The architecture contains significant improvements over the 1.3
series. The following are some of them.
220.127.116.11. Multi Processing Modules
Apache 2.0 abstracts the request processing architecture in special
server modules, called Multi Processing modules (MPMs). This means
that Apache can be configured to be a pure process-based server, a
purely threaded server or a mixture of those models. Threads are
contained inside processes and run simultaneously. Unlike processes,
threads can share data and code. Threads are thus more "lighweight"
than processes, and in most cases threaded servers scale better than
process based servers. The disadvantage is that the server is less
reliable, since if a thread misbehaves it can corrupt data or code
belonging to other threads.
22.214.171.124. Protocol Modules
The protocol handling has been encapsulated in its own layer in Apache
2.0. That means it is possible to write modules to serve protocols
other than HTTP, such as POP3 for mail or FTP for file transfer. These
protocol modules can take advantage of a solid server framework and
module functionality, such as authentication and dynamic content
generation. This means that, for example, you can authenticate your
POP3 users against the same user database Apache uses for web requests
and that FTP content can be generated dynamically using PHP, CGI or
any other technologies explained later in this document.
22.214.171.124. Module and filter architecture.
Apache 2.0 maintains the 1.3 modular architecture and adds an
additional extension mechanism: filters. Filters allow modules to
modify the content generated by other modules. They can encrypt, scan
for viruses or compress not only static files but dynamically
generated content.
18.104.22.168. Compatibility issues
Unfortunately, though the module API is similar between versions, they
are not identical and Apache 1.3 modules need to be ported to the new
architecture. Most mainstream modules such as PHP and mod_perl already
have Apache 2.0 versions and others, such as mod_dav and mod_ssl, are
now part of the server distribution. Running modules on a threaded
architecture requires specific changes to modules. Modules distributed
with Apache have undergone those changes and are considered `thread-
safe', but third-party modules or libraries may not. If you need one
of those, you will be limited to running Apache as a pure process-
based server.
126.96.36.199. Portable
Apache runs equally well now on Windows and Unix platforms thanks to
the Apache Portable Runtime (APR) library. It abstracts the
differences among operating systems, such as file or network access
APIs. Porting Apache to a new platform is often as simple as porting
the Apache Portable Runtime. This abstraction layer also provides for
platform-specific tuning and optimization.
2.2. Security
Apache provides several security-related modules for securing and
restricting access to the server.
2.2.1. Authentication
Authentication modules allow you to determine the identity of a
client, usually by verifying an username and password against a
backend database. Apache includes modules to authenticate against
plain text and database files. Additional authentication modules
exist that connect Apache to existing security frameworks or
databases, including: NT Domain controller, Oracle, mySQL, PostgresSQL
and so on.
The LDAP modules are specially interesting, as they allow integration
with company and enterprise wide existing directory services. You can
find these modules at . An Apache 2.0 LDAP module can be found at the
Apache website
2.2.2. Access Control
Apache provides the mod_access module that can restrict access to
resources based on parameters of the client request, such as the
presence of a specific header or the IP address or hostname of the
client. Third party modules allow you to restrict access to clients
that misbehave, as explained in later sections on performance and
bandwidth control.
The Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security protocols allow data
between the Web server and client to be encrypted. In Apache 1.3, the
protocols are implemented by mod_ssl, which is distributed separately
from the mod_ssl website and requires applying
patches to the server. This was necessary because of export
regulations on encryption. Most of those restrictions have since then
being lifted and starting with Apache 2.0, mod_ssl is now included as
a base module with Apache.
2.3. Proxy
A proxy is a program that performs requests on behalf of another.
There are different kind of Web proxies. A traditional HTTP proxy,
also called a forward proxy, accepts requests from clients (usually
Web browsers), contacts the remote server, and returns the responses.
A reverse proxy is a Web server that is placed in front of other
servers, providing a unified front end and offloading certain tasks,
such as SSL processing, from the backend Web servers.
Apache supports both types of proxy, caching of proxied content and
differente proxy backends such as FTP.
2.4. Performance and scalability
Raw performance is only one of the factors to consider in a web server
(flexibility and stability come usually first).
Having said that, there are solutions to improve performance on heavy
loaded webservers serving static content. If you are in the hosting
business Apache also provides ways in which you can measure and
control bandwidth usage. Throttling in this context usually means
slowing down the delivery of content based on the file requested, a
specific client IP address and so on. This is done to prevent abuse.
· mod_mmap: Included in current Apache 1.3 releases, it maps to
memory a statically configured list of files that are frequently
requested but infrequently changed. This functionality is included
in mod_file_cache in Apache 2.
· Mod_bandwidth : This
Apache 1.3 module enables the setting of server-wide or per
connection bandwidth limits, based on the specific directory, size
of files and remote IP/domain.
· Bandwidth share module
: provides
bandwidth throttling and balancing by client IP address. It
supports Apache 1.3 and earlier versions of Apache 2.
· Mod_throttle
bandwidth per virtual host or user. For Apache 1.3
2.4.1. Load Balancing
Using the Apache reverse proxy and mod_rewrite you can have an Apache
process distributing requests among a variety of backend web servers.
You can find more information at
Additionally, mod_backhand is an Apache 1.3 module that allows
seamless redirection of HTTP requests from one web server to another.
This redirection can be used to target machines with under-utilized
resources, thus providing fine-grained, per-request load balancing of
web requests. You can find more information at .
2.4.2. Compression
Apache 2.0 includes mod_deflate, a filtering module that compresses
content before delivering it to clients. This saves bandwidth but can
have a performance impact. The mod_gzip module
provides this
functionality for Apache 1.3
2.5. CGI scripts
CGI stands for Common Gateway Interface. CGI programs are external
programs that are called when a user requests a certain page. The CGI
program receives information from the web server (form variable
values, type of browser, IP address of the client and so on) and uses
that information to output a web page to the client.
Apache has support for CGIs and there is a third-party Apache 1.3
module that provides support for the FastCGI protocol. It avoids the
performance penalties associated with starting and stopping a CGI
program with every request. You can find it at
2.6. Development Platform Integration
Web applications are written in high-level languages such as Java,
Perl, C# and so on and Apache has several modules that integrate them
with the server. In many cases the modules expose the Apache API so
entire Apache modules can be written in those languages.
2.6.1. Perl
mod_perl is one of the most veteran and
successful Apache projects. It embeds a Perl interpreter in Apache and
allows access to the web server internals from Perl. This allows for
entire modules to be written in Perl or a mixture of Perl and C code.
In the 1.3 Apache versions, one interpreter has to be embedded in each
child, since the server is multiprocess based. In heavy traffic
dynamic sites, the increased size could make a difference. In
threaded versions of Apache 2.0 mod_perl allows for sharing of code,
data and session state among interpreters. This results in a faster,
leaner solution.
mod_perl is in itself another platform, with a great variety of
modules available such as Mason and Embperl
for embedding Perl in HTML pages and
AxKit for XML-driven templates.
From the PHP website: PHP is a server-side,
cross-platform, HTML embedded scripting language. It is the most
popular module for Apache
and this is due to a variety of reasons:
· Learning curve is quite low
· Great documentation
· Extensive database support
· Modularity
PHP has a modular design. Among many others, there are modules that
provide support for:
· Database connetivity for popular databases such as Oracle, MS-SQL
server, ODBC interface, MySQL, mSQL, PostgreSQL and so on.
· XML support
· File transfer: FTP
· Directory support: LDAP
· Mail support: IMAP, POP3, NNTP
· PDF document generation
You only need to compile/use the modules you need. PHP can be used
with Apache, as an external CGI or with other webservers. It is
crossplatform and it runs on most flavors of Unix and Windows. If
you come from a Windows background, you probably have used Internet
Information Server with Active Server Pages and MS-SQL Server. A
common replacement in the Unix world for this trio is Apache with
PHP and MySQL. Since PHP works:
· with Apache and with Microsoft IIS
· with MySQL and with MS-SQL server
· on Unix and on Windows
you have a nice, gradual migration path from a Microsoft-centric
solution to Unix based solutions.
2.6.3. Python
Python is a popular object oriented scripting language. Mod_Python
, which is now an official Apache project,
allows you to integrate Python with the Apache web server. You can
develop complex web applications or accelerate existing Python CGI
scripts. Recent versions run on Apache 2.0.
2.6.4. Tcl
The Tcl Apache project integrates Tcl with the
Apache webserver. Tcl is a lightweight, extensible scripting language.
You can learn more about Tcl here .
There are several modules currently under the Apache Tcl umbrella:
· Both Mod_dtcl and Neowebscript
allow embedding Tcl on HTML
pages. Rivet combines the best of
both modules.
· Mod_tcl takes an
approach similar to mod_perl, exposing the Apache API.
· WebSH provides a Tcl Web application
2.6.5. Microsoft technologies
Several modules allow integration with Microsoft languages and
technologies such as the .Net framework or Active Server Pages.
220.127.116.11. .Net
mod_haydn integrates Mono
with Apache and exposes the Apache API to the
.Net framework, allowing you to write modules in C#, for example.
Covalent provides mod_asp.net, an commercial
Windows module that allows Apache to run ASP.Net applications,
allowing you to replace Microsoft IIS.
ASP stands for Active Server Pages and is a Microsoft technology that
allows you to embed code, usually Visual Basic, in HTML pages. Several
companies such as ChilliSoft and Stryon
provide products that can run ASP
applications on Unix environments.
ISAPI is an API that you can use to extend Microsoft IIS, similarly to
how you would use the Apache API. Apache includes a module mod_isapi
that mirrors this functionality and allows you to run ISAPI modules.
2.6.6. Java
Most applications servers, such as those from Oracle, IBM and BEA
provide modules to integrate with the Apache web server. Additionally,
several modules such as mod_jk and mod_webapp allow you to connect to
Tomcat, a Servlet and JavaServer Pages container that is also part of
the Apache Software Foundation.
2.6.7. Modules for other languages
This document has described modules for popular server side languages
such as Perl, Python and PHP. You can find additional language modules
(JavaScript, Haskell, Ruby and others) at the Apache modules directory
2.7. Management
An important part of Web server administration includes building,
configuring and monitoring different servers.
2.7.1. Build tools
Apache can be extended and customized in many different ways.
Integration of different modules with the server can sometimes be a
difficult task. Tools such as the Apache Toolbox
can make this task easier, by providing
a menu driven build framework.
2.7.2. User Interfaces for Apache
Apache is configured thru text configuration files, and that sometimes
can be hard, specially for people coming from a Windows background.
There are open source graphical tools that make this task easier:
· Comanche , by yours truly, is
crossplatform and runs on Unix/Linux, Windows and Mac.
· Webmin : A nice web based interface.
· gui.apache.org : GUI interfaces for Apache
project. Programs are in various degrees of development.
SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol. It allows
monitoring and management of network servers, equipment and so on.
SNMP modules for Apache help manage large deployments of web servers,
measure the quality of service offered and integration of Apache with
existing management frameworks.
· Open source Mod SNMP
for Apache
· Covalent SNMP provides a commercial SNMP
module, support for the latest SNMPv3 standard, integration with
HP-Openview, Tivoli and so on.
2.8. Publishing
Authors of Web content require a means of managing that content and
uploading it to the server. One of the protocols used for this purpose
is DAV (Distributed Authoring and Versioning). DAV is an extension to
the HTTP protocol that enables users and applications to publish and
modify Web content. DAV technology is widely implemented, Microsoft
supports it at the operating system level (WebFolders) and in its
Office suite. Same goes for Apple OS-X and a variety of third party
products from Adobe, Oracle and so on. You can get the mod_dav module
for Apache 1.3 at . In Apache 2.0, mod_dav is included with the base
Previous to DAV, Microsoft had its own publishing protocol, integrated
with the Microsoft FrontPage tool. You can add server-side support for
Frontpage using the modules at , though due to the way they integrate
with Apache they are not considered secure.
2.9. Protocol modules
Apache 2.0 introduced the concept of protocol modules. That means that
developers can reuse the Apache server framework to implement new
protocols such as those dealing with mail and file transfer. mod_ftp
is a commercial Apache-based FTP module from Covalent
. mod_pop3
is an open source
module that implements the POP3 protocol, commonly used by mail
readers to retrieve messages from mail servers.
2.10. Virtual Hosting
Apache provides extensive virtual hosting support which means that you
can serve multiple websites from a single server. In Apache 2.0, with
the per-child MPM you can have multiple children, each one serving a
different domain under different Unix user ids. This is very important
for security in shared hosting scenarios, as it allows you to isolate
customers from each other. The following are additional, alternative,
virtual hosting modules.
· mod_dynvhost
· mod_pweb
· mod_v2h
2.11. Commercial support
Apache is the web server of choice for many commercial entities,
including big enterprises. These companies have certain requirements
when adopting a technology, specially one that is at the core of their
Internet strategy, such as Web servers. Those requirements include
performance, stability, management capabilities, support, professional
services and integration with legacy systems. A number of commercial
companies, such as IBM , Red Hat
and Covalent ,
provide the products and services necessary to make Apache meet the
needs of Enterprise customers.
In addition, many other companies and OEMs ship Apache as a bundled
web server with their products.
3. ASF Projects
Although Apache is probably the most popular, the Apache Software
Foundation is home to many other projects. This section provides an
overview of the most relevant ones, organized logically. Most of them
belong either to the Jakarta project and the XML project. The Jakarta
project hosts Java-based projects and the XML project hosts, surprise,
XML-related projects.
3.1. Applications and Frameworks
The following are application and development frameworks that are part
of the ASF.
3.1.1. 3.1.1 Servers
The following are some ASF server projects.
220.127.116.11. Tomcat
Tomcat is the flagship product of the Jakarta project. It is the
official reference implementation for the Java Servlet and JavaServer
Pages technologies.
You can learn more in the Tomcat homepage
220.127.116.11. JAMES (Java Apache Mail Enterprise Server)
Complementary to the other Apache server side technologies, JAMES
provides a 100% pure Java server designed to be a complete and
portable enterprise mail engine solution based on currently available
open protocols (SMTP, POP3, IMAP, HTTP)
More information can be found here .
22.214.171.124. Lucene
Jakarta Lucene is a high-performance, full-featured text search engine
written in Java and part of the Jakarta project. You can find more
information at
184.108.40.206. Jetspeed
Jetspeed is a web based portal
written in Java. It has a modular API that allows aggregation of
different data sources (XML, SMTP, iCalendar)
3.1.2. 3.1.2 Content management
The following are projects related to content management
184.108.40.206. Slide
Slide is a high-level content management framework. Conceptually, it
provides a hierarchical organization of binary content which can be
stored into arbitrary, heterogenous, distributed data stores. In
addition, Slide integrates security, locking and versioning services.
It also provides a WebDAV server and client
implementation. You can learn more at the Slide home page
188.8.131.52. Alexandria
Alexandria is an integrated documentation management system. It brings
together technologies common to many open source projects like CVS and
JavaDoc. The goal is to integrate source code and documentation to
encourage code documentation and sharing. More information at
3.1.3. 3.1.3 Frameworks
The following are application development frameworks.
126.96.36.199. Turbine
Turbine is a servlet based framework that allows experienced Java
developers to quickly build secure web applications. Turbine brings
together a platform for running Java code and reusable components.
Some of its features include: Integration with template systems, MVC
style development, Access Control Lists, localization support and so
on. You can find more information at the Turbine web site
188.8.131.52. Avalon
If you are familiar with Perl or BSD systems, Avalon is roughly the
equivalent of CPAN or the Ports collection for
Java Apache technologies. It does not only provide guidelines for a
common repository of code, it goes one step further: is an effort to
create, design, develop and maintain a common framework for server
applications written using the Java language. It provides the means so
server side Java projects can be easily integrated and build on each
other. You can find more information at the Avalon web site
3.2. Presentation
The following template systems, transformation engines and other
presentation related projects.
3.2.1. Cocoon
Cocoon leverages other Apache XML technologies like Xerces, Xalan and
FOP to provide a comprehensive XML publishing framework. The framework
can talk to many different data sources and can transform the content
into several different delivery formats such as PDF, HTML, XML and
RTF. It can run as a servlet or as a command line program. You can
learn more about Cocoon at the project homepage
3.2.2. Velocity
Velocity is a Java based template engine. It can be used as a stand-
alone utility for generating source code, HTML, reports, or it can be
combined with other systems to provide template services. Velocity
has a Model View Controller paradigm that enforces separation of Java
code and the HTML template. You can learn more about Velocity here
3.2.3. AxKit
AxKit is a popular XML-based Application Server
for mod_perl and Apache. It allows separation of content and
presentation and provides on-the-fly conversion from XML to any
3.2.4. Xalan
Xalan is an XSLT processor available for Java and C++. XSL is a style
sheet language for XML. The T is for Transformation. XML is good at
storing structured data (information). You sometimes need to display
this data to the user or apply some other transformation. Xalan takes
the original XML document, reads transformation configuration
(stylesheet) and outputs HTML, plain text or another XML document.
You can learn more about Xalan at the Xalan Java
and Xalan C++
project homepages.
From the website: FOP is a Java application that reads a formatting
object tree and then turns it into a PDF document. So FOP takes an XML
document and outputs PDF, in a similar way that Xalan does with HTML
or text. You can learn more about FOP here
3.3. Parsers and Document Access libraries
The following are different libraries that can be used to parse and
manipulate a variety of document formats.
3.3.1. Xerces
The Xerces project provides XML parsers for a variety of languages,
including Java, C++ and Perl. The Perl bindings are based on the C++
sources. An XML parser is a tool used for programatic access to XML
documents. This is a description of the standards supported by
· DOM : DOM stands for Document Object Model. XML documents are
hierarchical by nature (nested tags). XML documents can be accessed
thru a tree like interface. The process is as follows:
· Parse document
· Build tree
· add/delete/modify nodes
· Serialize tree
· SAX :Simple API for XML. This is a
stream based API. This means that we will receive callbacks as
elements are encountered. These callbacks can be used to construct
a DOM tree for example.
· XML Namespaces
· XML Schema: The XML standard provides the syntax for writing
documents. XML Schema provides the tools for defining the contents
of the XML document (semantics). It allows to define that a certain
element in the document must be an integer between 10 and 20 or
contain an IP address.
The Xerces XML project initial code base was donated by IBM. You
can find more information in the Xerces Java
, Xerces C++
and Xerces Perl
3.3.2. Batik
Batik is a Java based toolkit for applications that want to use images
in the Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
format for various purposes, such as viewing, generation or
It is XML centric and compliant with the W3C specification. It is a
bit atypical from other Apache projects, in that it provides a
graphical component. Batik provides hooks to extend the framework thru
custom tags and it allows conversion from SVG to other formats like
JPEG or PNG. You can learn more at the Batik homepage
The POI project consists of APIs for manipulating various file formats
based upon Microsoft's OLE 2 Compound Document format using pure Java.
This includes Word and Excel documents. You can find more information
3.4. Interoperability
The following are libraries for remote communication and
interoperability between servers.
Apache SOAP ("Simple Object Access Protocol") and Axis are
implementations of the SOAP protocol
SOAP is a lightweight protocol for exchange of information in a
decentralized, distributed environment. It is an XML based protocol
that consists of three parts:
· An envelope that defines a framework for describing what is in a
message and how to process it,
· a set of encoding rules for expressing instances of application-
defined datatypes, and
· a convention for representing remote procedure calls and responses.
Basically you can think of SOAP as an remote procedure call system,
based on HTTP and XML. On the one hand this means it is verbose and
slow compared to other systems. On the other hand it eases
interoperatibility, debugging and development of clients and
servers for a variety of languages since most modern languages have
HTTP and XML modules. You can learn more at the Apache SOAP
The XML-RPC project is a Java
implementation of the XML-RPC protocol, a light-weight protocol
similar and predecessor to SOAP.
3.4.3. XML security
The XML security project provides
XML document signature verification for secure exchange of documents.
3.5. Development
3.5.1. Apache Portable Runtime
The APR project provides a portability layer
that abstracts a number of APIs for file manipulation, network access
and so on. It is written in C and works on most Unix flavors, Windows
and a variety of other systems. It is the basis for Apache 2.0
3.5.2. Ant
Ant is a Java based build tool. It
has a modular API and can be extended by creating new tasks. It is
driven by XML configuration files.
3.5.3. Byte Code Library
The Byte Code Engineering Library
(BCEL) is a library to analyze, create, and manipulate binary Java
class files.
3.5.4. Log4j
This package provides a logging framework that Java applications can
use. It can be enabled at runtime without modifying the binary and
has been designed with performance in mind. It can be found at
3.5.5. ORO and Regexp
ORO is a complete package that provides regular expression support for
Java. It includes Perl5 regular expression support, glob expressions
and so on. All under the Apache license. You can learn more about
ORO at . There is another ASF lightweight regular expression package,
Regexp .
3.5.6. Struts
Struts is an Apache project that tries to bring the Model-View-
Controller (MVC) design paradigm to web development. It builds on
Servlet and JavaServer Pages
technologies. The model part is
made up of Java server objects, which represent the internal state of
the application. The view part is constructed via JavaServer Pages
(JSP), which is a combination of static HTML/XML and Java. JSPs also
allow the developer to define new tags. The controller part consists
of servlets, which take requests (GET/POST) from the client, perform
actions on the model and update the view by providing the appropriate
JSP. You can learn more at the Struts project pages
3.5.7. Taglibs
The JavaServer pages technology allows developers to provide
functionality by adding custom tags. The Taglibs project intends to be
a common repository for these extensions. It includes tags for common
utilities (i.e. date), SQL database access and so on.
You can learn about TagLibs at . More documentation is included in
the package.
3.5.8. Database
OJB is a database mapping tool that
allows persistance and storage of Java objects in relational
databases. Xindice is a native XML
database for storing and querying XML documents.
3.5.9. Commons
The Commons project provides a
great variety of reusable Java components with minimal dependencies.
3.6. Testing
The following ASF projects cover testing and performance analisys.
3.6.1. httpd-test
The httpd-test project provides a
testing framework for the Apache web server and tools such as flood
for HTTP load testing.
3.6.2. Cactus
Cactus is a testing framework for
testing server side Java code such as Servlets and EJBs.
3.6.3. JMeter
This is a testing tool written in Java with a GUI frontend. It can be
obtained at .
3.6.4. Lakta
Lakta is an end-to-end HTTP testing
3.6.5. Watchdog
The Watchdog project is a suite
of validation sets for the Servlet and JavaServer Pages specification.
4. Where to find more information
Additional Apache related resources
4.1. Websites
The following are some useful websites
· Apache Website
· Apache Week
· Apache modules directory
· Apache today
· Apache World
· Slashdot Apache section
4.2. Books
I maintain a list of books
related to this
document. It is not a comprehensive list, but rather I include only
those books that I have personally found well-written and useful.
4.3. Support forums
You can find the Apache users mailing list at . Similar lists exist
for the rest of projects mentioned there. Make sure you read the
Frequently Asked Questions document before posting . You can also get
support in the newsgroup comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix at .
If you want commercial support, consider contacting Covalent
, which provides expert support for Apache
(at a fee, of course). If you are using Apache on Linux, your Linux
vendor may have support plans that include Apache.
5. Contacting the Author
You can contact me at daniel @ rawbyte.com . I welcome suggestions and
corrections, but please, please, do not send me messages asking me to
troubleshoot your Apache installation. I just do not have the time to
answer people individually. If you need support, please refer to the
resources mentioned above.
5.1. Translations
If you want to contribute a translation of this document you should
use the SGML source. Check for info. Please drop me a note so I can
make sure you get the most recent version.
6. Open Content Open Publication License
Open Publication License Draft v1.0, 8 June 1999 (text version)
The Open Publication works may be reproduced and distributed in whole
or in part, in any medium physical or electronic, provided that the
terms of this license are adhered to, and that this license or an
incorporation of it by reference (with any options elected by the
author(s) and/or publisher) is displayed in the reproduction.
Proper form for an incorporation by reference is as follows:
Copyright (c) by . This material may
be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in
the Open Publication License, vX.Y or later (the latest version is
presently available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/). The
reference must be immediately followed with any options elected by the
author(s) and/or publisher of the document (see section VI).
Commercial redistribution of Open Publication-licensed material is
Any publication in standard (paper) book form shall require the
citation of the original publisher and author. The publisher and
author's names shall appear on all outer surfaces of the book. On all
outer surfaces of the book the original publisher's name shall be as
large as the title of the work and cited as possessive with respect to
the title.
The copyright to each Open Publication is owned by its author(s) or
The following license terms apply to all Open Publication works,
unless otherwise explicitly stated in the document.
Mere aggregation of Open Publication works or a portion of an Open
Publication work with other works or programs on the same media shall
not cause this license to apply to those other works. The aggregate
work shall contain a notice specifying the inclusion of the Open
Publication material and appropriate copyright notice.
SEVERABILITY. If any part of this license is found to be unenforceable
in any jurisdiction, the remaining portions of the license remain in
NO WARRANTY. Open Publication works are licensed and provided "as is"
without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including, but not
limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for
a particular purpose or a warranty of non-infringement.
All modified versions of documents covered by this license, including
translations, anthologies, compilations and partial documents, must
meet the following requirements:
· 1. The modified version must be labeled as such.
· 2. The person making the modifications must be identified and the
modifications dated.
· 3. Acknowledgement of the original author and publisher if
applicable must be retained according to normal academic citation
· 4. The location of the original unmodified document must be
· 5. The original author's (or authors') name(s) may not be used to
assert or imply endorsement of the resulting document without the
original author's (or authors') permission.
In addition to the requirements of this license, it is requested from
and strongly recommended of redistributors that:
· 1. If you are distributing Open Publication works on hardcopy or
CD-ROM, you provide email notification to the authors of your
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or media freeze, to give the authors time to provide updated
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· 2. All substantive modifications (including deletions) be either
clearly marked up in the document or else described in an
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· 3. Finally, while it is not mandatory under this license, it is
considered good form to offer a free copy of any hardcopy and CD-
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The author(s) and/or publisher of an Open Publication-licensed
document may elect certain options by appending language to the
reference to or copy of the license. These options are considered part
of the license instance and must be included with the license (or its
incorporation by reference) in derived works.
A. To prohibit distribution of substantively modified versions without
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excludes mere changes in format or typographical corrections.
To accomplish this, add the phrase `Distribution of substantively
modified versions of this document is prohibited without the explicit
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To accomplish this, add the phrase 'Distribution of the work or
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text:
Conic Sections
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Conic Sections
|Conic sections are graceful curves that can be defined in several ways and constructed by a wide variety of means. Most importantly, when a plane intersects a cone, the outline of a conic section results. This book will attempt the observation and manipulation of conic sections via their many definitions.
Conic Sections Introduction
Types of Conic Sections
- General Conic Sections
- The Circle
- The Ellipse
- The Parabola
- The Hyperbola
- Lines and Points: Degenerate Conic Sections
Features of Conic Sections
Conic Sections as Algebraic Relations
- Intercepts of Conic Sections
- Translation of Axes
- Rotation of Axes
- Rotation of Axes (examples)
- Slopes of Conic Sections
Other Systems
- Conic Sections in Polar Coordinates
- Parametric Forms of Conic Sections
Example Problems
| A reader requests expansion of this book to include more material.
You can help by adding new material (learn how) or ask for assistance in the reading room.


text:
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It is so easy to create victims. You lock someone in a room with no light. Soon they'll begin to suffer. Then you feed that suffering. Slowly, methodicaly, systematicaly, coldly, for a long time. Then Culture Assault arose. And ever since it's been pushing the boundaries of music towards an experience of katharsys, from suffering to light through darkness ending at the aural fields of completeness. For any additional info refer to firstname.lastname@example.com
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Most of us accept that the earth goes around the sun. This is impressive since we can look up in the sky and see the sun going around the earth. We believe the opposite because we have been told about the research of astronomers over the centuries showing that what we can see with our own two eyes is wrong. Instead we accept that the motion of the stars and planets can be much better explained by the earth going around the sun.
Suppose for a moment that astronomers and people who write on astronomy did not agree on earth or solar orbits. Imagine that a substantial group of these people, including many of the most prominent astronomers, insisted that the sun goes around the earth, as anyone can plainly see. In that case there would likely be huge numbers of people who refused to accept that the earth goes around the sun. This is the state of modern economics.
A new study by three researchers at the University of Massachusetts found major arithmetic errors in the widely cited paper by Carmen Reinhart and Ken Rogoff, "Growth in a Time of Debt," that purports to show high levels of government debt sharply slow growth. This study has been widely cited by political figures demanding deficit reduction, in spite of the fact that the unemployment rate remains high and interest rates are at extraordinarily low levels.
When the errors in the Reinhart and Rogoff study are corrected, the strong relationship between high debt levels and slower growth disappears. In other words, there is little obvious reason that we need fear higher debt levels. We can have the government make investments in infrastructure and education that will boost growth, create jobs, and increase future productivity.
If economics were like astronomy, the experts in the field would all be calling for the government to spend what is needed to boost growth. But economics is not like astronomy. When this key piece of evidence arguing for austerity was discredited, many experts just doubled down.
If any prominent economists reversed their support for austerity, they did so quietly, but the best comment came from Erskine Bowles, the co-chair of President Obama's deficit commission:
What it doesn't change is the common sense and my own personal experience in both the public and private sector that when any organization has too much debt that is an enormous risk factor and your risks go up then people lending you money will want more money for their money.
In other words, Bowles told the public to ignore the state of economic research; we can all see the sun goes around the earth.
Of course economists could explain how governments are not like people. In principle, governments do not die. A country such as the United States borrows in its own currency so it literally can never go bankrupt as long as it knows how to print dollar bills. And, unlike an individual, the government has the obligation to support the economy when private sector demand collapses as it did after the housing bubble burst. But hey, Erskine Bowles knows from his personal experience we are borrowing too much and the sun goes around the earth.
It may help explain the difference between debates in astronomy and economics that many people can profit from slow growth and high unemployment. The after-tax profit share of GDP is at its highest level more than 60 years. For those who own lots of stock and are at the top of the income ladder, times are good. These people may see efforts to lower unemployment as posing a risk. With lower unemployment workers may be able to get a larger share of productivity growth. This may be good for most of the country and mean increased economic growth, but it would mean less for the one percent.
In the current situation, the blame for the bad economic situation of much of the workforce turns to the failure of individual workers. There is no shortage of news articles that blame workers for lacking the skills needed to succeed in the modern economy, as opposed to blaming policymakers for failing to design policies that keep the economy operating at its capacity.
It is probably worth noting that playing the role of an Erskine Bowles and spreading confusion about basic economics carries large financial rewards. According to the New York Times, Erskine Bowles gets paid $40,000 for many of his speeches.
In addition, Bowles has collected millions of dollars sitting as a director on corporate boards. Perhaps most notable are the hundreds of thousands of dollars that he pocketed as a director of Morgan Stanley, one of the too-big-to-fail banks that would have gone bankrupt in 2008 had it not been saved by the Fed. He also was pocketed hundreds of thousands of dollars as director of General Motors until it actually did go bankrupt in 2009.
The point is that there is lots of money on the table for those who are willing to use their status to help spread confusion and convince the public that there is nothing that can be done about continuing high unemployment and stagnant wages. And every economist knows that if there is money sitting on the table someone will take it. There will be no shortage of reputable economists and economic pundits prepared to yell about the risks of the debt, even if they have no evidence to support their concerns.
This article was originally published at The Huffington Post.


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Posts Tagged 'purple martins in iowa'
Purple martins are the largest swallow in the U.S.
A colony of white, gourd-like houses hang on a large pole outside of the Dickinson County Nature Center. Around them flies dozens of gliding, floating, flitting dark birds — purple martins. Local birder and owner of Bird Haven in Spirit Lake Wendell Hansen has cared for the purple martins for many years, and last June Read More »Read More


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Title: Shopping for a Billionaire's Baby
Series: Shopping for a Billionaire #13
Author: Julia Kent
Genre: Romantic Comedy
Cover Design: Yocla Designs
Cover Design: Yocla Designs
Release Date: April 24, 2018
You know what's even better than marrying a billionaire? Having his baby.
We're ready. We've studied and planned, read all the birth and labor books, researched parenting classes, consulted our schedules, and it's time.
And by we I mean me.
Declan's just ready for the "have lots of sex" part. More than ready.
But there's just one problem: my husband and his brother have this little obsession with competition.
And by little, I mean stupid.
That's right.
We're not just about to try to bring a new human being into the world.
We have to do it better, Faster, Stronger.
McCormick men don't just have babies.
They engage in competitive billionaire Babythons.
I thought the hardest part about getting pregnant would be dealing with my grandchild-crazed mother, who will go nuts shopping for a billionaire's baby.
Between conception issues, my mother's desire to talk to the baby through a hoohawcam, a childbirth class led by a drill sergeant and a father-in-law determined to sign the kid up for prep school before Declan even pulls out, my pregnancy has turned out to be one ordeal after the other.
But it's nothing — nothing — compared to the actual birth.
Author Bio
New York Times and USA Today bestselling author Julia Kent writes romantic comedy with an edge. Since 2013, she has sold more than 1.5 million books, with 4 New York Times bestsellers and more than 16 appearances on the USA Today bestseller list. Her books have been translated into French and German, with more titles releasing in 2017. From billionaires to BBWs to new adult rock stars, Julia finds a sensual, goofy joy in every contemporary romance she writes. Unlike Shannon from Shopping for a Billionaire, she did not meet her husband after dropping her phone in a men's room toilet (and he isn't a billionaire). She lives in New England with her husband and three sons in a household where the toilet seat is never, ever, down.
Author Links


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This is a good place to have a welcome message and a brief introduction to your Web Site.
This would also be a great place to include any new information or changes that you have made to your site recently. It is important to regularly change the content on your site and make updates to the information that you display. Doing this will help you to get more return visits from your visitors.


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SXSW, or South By Southwest as it used to be known, is the largest music festival conference in the USA. It goes on for 10 days in March, and even if you are only there for a few days, it feels like the full 10 days. It starts with interactive and film, and moves its way into music and every brand you can think of is there. Music is always part of it, but the music festival itself is something to be observed. Around 3000 official and unofficial artists and bands play the festival and parties. Everyone from Lady Gaga a few years ago, to Kanye, Jay Z, even Garth Brooks played this year. Willie Nelson even holds an annual showcase at his Luck Ranch during it. Keynote speakers during the conference have included Michelle and Barack Obama, Joe Biden, Al Gore, Rachael Ray, Robert Plant, Edward Snowden, and Mark Zuckerberg; you see where I am going. It's a big conference and everyone wants to be a part of it.
Around 500,000 people flock here to drink a lot of free liquids, consume BBQ like it's the last time, and first and foremost, to discover music. Music is the essential part of why the festival exists in the first place. The festival started in 1987 with 30 bands and 700 attendees, and has since become a catalyst for many a young band to find fame. Even though it's now morphed into a celebrity packed film festival, an interactive conference where tech converges, music is still the biggest component. This year gaming was a big hit with a new game expo and conference added to the 2017 program. I went into the expo and my 10 year old self hit the ground running. During all phases of the festival/conference people will find themselves spending weeks RSVPing to the hundreds of parties that are all free and held by brands such as Mazda, Media Temple, Fast Company, Samsung, Taco Bell, HBO, Stubhub, Rachael Ray and many more. Arms will be decorated and displayed like badges of honor, in many colors of wristbands for entry.
I was there, my 13th year, and I discovered some amazing music I want to share with you. I will have more full interviews but for now, here are some snippets of bands:
Allison got her big break in the music industry by writing for MTV/Vh1 where she interviewed everyone from Prince, to Elton John, Lenny Kravitz, Blink 182 and many more. From there she started Hyperactive Music Magazine that went national. Shaw then produced several big festivals and went to work for Rachael Ray's Entertainment company. Shaw started Manic Monkee MGMT which manages bands and does brand strategy for all kinds of brands in music/tech/consumer products and aligns brands with events. The company also produces events. Shaw is also on the Board Of Directors for non-profit music charity Sweet Relief. Follow her on Twitter at @manicmonkee


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These are installation instructions for Bash.
The simplest way to compile Bash is:
cd to the directory containing the source code and type './configure' to configure Bash for your system. If you're using
csh on an old version of System V, you might need to type 'sh ./configure' instead to prevent
csh from trying to execute
configure itself.
configure takes some time. While running, it prints messages telling which features it is checking for.
bashbug bug reporting script.
bash and
bashbug. This will also install the manual pages and Info file.
configure shell script attempts to guess correct values for various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses those values to create a Makefile in each directory of the package (the top directory, the builtins, doc, and support directories, each directory under lib, and several others). It also creates a config.h file containing system-dependent definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script named
config.status that you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a file config.cache that saves the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring, and a file config.log containing compiler output (useful mainly for debugging
configure). If at some point config.cache contains results you don't want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
To find out more about the options and arguments that the
configure script understands, type
bash-4.2$ ./configure --help
at the Bash prompt in your Bash source directory.
If you want to build Bash in a directory separate from the source directory – to build for multiple architectures, for example – just use the full path to the configure script. The following commands will build bash in a directory under /usr/local/build from the source code in /usr/local/src/bash-4.4:
mkdir /usr/local/build/bash-4.4 cd /usr/local/build/bash-4.4 bash /usr/local/src/bash-4.4/configure make
See Compiling For Multiple Architectures for more information about building in a directory separate from the source.
If you need to do unusual things to compile Bash, please try to figure out how
configure could check whether or not to do them, and mail diffs or instructions to [email protected] so they can be considered for the next release.
The file configure.ac is used to create
configure by a program called Autoconf. You only need configure.ac if you want to change it or regenerate
configure using a newer version of Autoconf. If you do this, make sure you are using Autoconf version 2.50 or newer.
You can remove the program binaries and object files from the source code directory by typing 'make clean'. To also remove the files that
configure created (so you can compile Bash for a different kind of computer), type 'make distclean'.
Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.


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Here in Arizona, there are some years when it feels like summer starts somewhere mid-spring.
(The temperatures can hit in the 90's as early as March some years!)
But, this year we had a wonderfully mild spring, & now that it's July... summer has definitely arrived.
In the 23 years I've lived here, I now feel like summer is officially here when we get the start of the summer rains... or what is called the 'monsoon' season. When I first moved here, I didn't care for it too much ("but I thought it was supposed to be a 'dry' heat!"), but now I love it when they arrive.
And just the other day... they arrived!
In the top photo, I had opened the front door to check to see if any storms might be building (they often come up from the south during the summer), & although it was still very sunny (& hot!) over us, you can see what was coming! Bailey was just finishing 'watering' one of the bushes...(he's such a helper in with the gardening!)... when a big low rumble came from the direction of the mountains (& the big dark clouds), & within a split-second he was making a bee-line for the front door! So we went inside & put on his storm gear... his Thundershirt. He actually likes having it on & it does really help with the thunder-boomers. He was a happy camper throughout the 1.5 inches of rain we got that afternoon.
The photo at the bottom was actually taken only about 15 minutes after the top photo! Within a few minutes we had a nice little lake build up on the side of the house... which my Dad loves (& actually created a dam so that the rainwater wouldn't run out the side yard to fast) as it then soaks down & deep waters the trees we have on the side yard. You can see by the patchy grass, that we were in such need of rain. Hopefully with one or two more good rains, the grass will become more lush & green & less patchy. (... & all the bunnies that visit our backyard will be so happy!)
I hope you all (in the States) had a great Independance Day celebration. I watched some fireworks on TV (with the sound turned down as my little pupper doesn't like the booms at all...) & thankfully none of our neighbors set off any fireworks in the neighborhood. I love fireworks... ever since I was little... but having a pup that gets really traumatized by the noise has tempered my appreciation of them being allowed to be set off within a neighborhood. I know I must sound like a firework 'Scrooge' , but honestly I do love them... in their proper place.
I've had my nose to the grindstone with some new projects, & I'll try to snap some photos for you for another post. I'm putting this post together on my iPad, to see if this makes it easier for me to 'find' the time to post a little easier... So we will see if it looks the same. As I'm looking at this post as I'm putting it together, the photos look huge... so we'll see!
Until then, I hope you are enjoying your weekend!
xo, Bren


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Uwell Valyrian Replacement Coils 0.15Ω - 2pk
The Valyrian coil system has been created to bring out the best flavor and vapor production. Adopting a Quad coil structure along with a wide hole for the base connection makes for a coil with big airflow and tons of flavor.
The 0.15Ω Valyrian A1 Kanthal Quad Coils features a wattage range of 95-120 watts.
Coil Specifications:
- 2 Coils in each pack.
- 0.15 Ω Coil
- A1 Kanthal Quad Coil
- 95 to 120W


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IN THE 1960S, surfing instructors in Hawaii discovered a great way to increase tips: While their tourist-students lay prone on boards trying to catch waves, the instructors would hang cameras on their necks, stand upright on surfboards, and use long canoe paddles to maneuver out to take photos of clients in the surf, creating the perfect souvenir. "Stand-up paddling," as this mode of transit became known, remained a surf culture oddity until about 10 years ago, when a handful of professional surfers began using the technique to train. In the past few years, the sport has spread beyond surfers — and become wildly popular. "Everyone has a fantasy to be a surfer, [and] stand-up paddling makes it easier," says Rob Casey, author of Stand Up Paddling: Flatwater to Surf and Rivers and an instructor in Washington state. "The learning curve is relatively easy and gear requirements are minimal." And while stand-up boards are more expensive than kayaks — beginner boards, which are wider and heavier than traditional surfboards, start at around $700 — Casey says they're easier to store and carry and provide better exercise, particularly for the core muscles.
To find out whether stand-up paddling is as easy as advertised, in mid-September I signed up for a private lesson at Charles River Canoe & Kayak (617-965-5110, paddleboston.com), located just next to the Newton Marriott. "I've given lessons to people from 4 years old to 70 years old, and I've never had someone not be able to stand up," instructor Dan Cox told me, as he helped me into a life jacket. After a quick dockside intro to the equipment and basic techniques, Cox had me kneel on the board, paddle a few yards into the river, and creep up into a standing position. (Yes, it's really that simple: Beginner boards are designed to be super stable.) For 90 minutes Cox showed me different stroke techniques. I'd worn a swimsuit and had dreaded the thought of plunging into the Charles on a cool fall day, but I stayed upright and dry through the lesson.
Part of the sport's popularity comes from the fact that, unlike surfing, you can do it nearly anywhere: Rivers, lakes, and oceans all make suitable grounds for "SUP," the acronym by which the sport has become known. But as fall gives way to winter and the Charles turns icy, it's tempting to find a more hospitable climate for paddling. Here are five experts' picks on the best places to stand-up paddle.
Reid Inouye is the publisher of Standup Paddle Magazine. He grew up in Oahu, Hawaii, where his son, Matt, runs a paddle board training company.
WHERE TO PADDLE "On Oahu, I recommend Puaena Point at Hale'iwa Beach Park, on the Waimea Bay side of the Anahulu Bridge. It's perfect because you have a safe flat-water area with little waves and lots of parking and showers. It's not necessarily where I go — I favor some secret spots on the north shore where the waves are too big for most people — but it's user-friendly for beginners. If you're looking to try paddling in waves, try 'Pop's' beach in Waikiki, directly in from the Sheraton. You have to wear booties because the reef may be sharp or there may be sea urchins, but the waves here are very forgiving and tame."
WHERE TO RENT GEAR OR GET A LESSON "On the north shore, try Uncle Bryan's Sunset Suratt Surf Academy [808-783-8657, surfnorthshore.com]. At Waikiki, you can go see former professional big-wave surfer Tony Moniz, who runs the Faith Surf School [808-931-6262, faithsurfschool.com]."
WHERE TO STAY "In Waikiki, for a good place with good rates, try Outrigger Hotels [866-956-4262, outrigger.com]. They have five locations, with three on the beach. I also like the Pacific Beach Hotel [800-367-6060, pacificbeachhotel.com], just across the street from Kuhio Beach."
The big-wave surfing of Dave Kalama, a pro wind-surfer, was featured in the opening scenes of the James Bond film Die Another Day. Along with surfer Laird Hamilton, Kalama stand-up paddled the entire chain of the Hawaiian Islands, a distance he estimates at 250 miles.
WHERE TO PADDLE "I've been all over the world, and one place I really like for stand-up paddle boarding is Turks and Caicos. I run a paddle boarding school there on the island of Providenciales. The water is really clear, and the reefs are very alive. You'll see stingrays and all kinds of fish. The island has trade winds, so you can do downwind paddling. It has mangroves, so you can get protection from the wind to do flat-water paddling. It's a really versatile area."
WHERE TO RENT GEAR OR GET A LESSON "The company I work with is called Big Blue [649-946-5034, bigblueunlimited.com]. They have kayaking, stand-up paddle boarding, snorkeling, and diving."
WHERE TO STAY "Most of the people I work with stay at the Club Med Turkoise [888-932-2582, clubmed.us/turkoise-all-inclusive], but there are condos all the way down the beach, so if you don't want a resort, you have a good selection of private rentals."
In the 1990s, native Hawaiian Dave Chun launched a company called Kialoa, making outrigger-canoe paddles in Bend, Oregon. In 2003, Laird Hamilton asked him to create an extra-long one for use while stand-up paddling. Today, Kialoa manufactures some of the industry's best SUP paddles.
WHERE TO PADDLE "I like to go to Punta Mita, a village about 30 miles north of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. I stand-up paddle board off the beach at El Anclote, which is in front of Hotel Cinco [866-628-2693, cincopuntamita.com]. I like this spot because under the right conditions the outside break can be linked to the inside break, making for a very long ride. It is a very forgiving wave and a great place for beginners. In the absence of surf, exploring the bay by stand-up paddle board is almost as much fun."
WHERE TO RENT GEAR OR GET A LESSON "Hotel Cinco would be a good spot to rent gear. If you want a lesson, my friend (and champion surfer) Gerry Lopez runs yoga/paddle/surf camps at the hotel."
WHERE TO STAY "Hotel Cinco. I'd rather surf than drive, so I stay near the waves. There is also the budget-priced Hotel Meson de Mita [hotelmesondemita.com] that's around $50 per night, as well as luxury resorts like the Four Seasons [fourseasons.com/puntamita]."
Jeff Archer first tried stand-up paddling in 2005 and quickly decided to make it his career. He's a cofounder of Yolo Boards, one of the industry's most successful equipment makers. He recommends several spots on the Florida Panhandle, just west of Panama City.
WHERE TO PADDLE "Along the South Walton beaches, we're blessed to have an array of paddling destinations for almost any water adventure, including the Gulf of Mexico, Choctawhatchee Bay, Morrison Springs, and our most prized ecosystem — rare coastal dune lakes. South Walton is the only place in North America (and one of only a few locations worldwide) to find these rare brackish-water lakes that open and close to the Gulf. My ideal day begins with a sunrise paddle on the Choctawhatchee Bay and ends with a fun surf session at Pompano Joe's — a longtime locals' spot — on the gulf at sunset."
WHERE TO RENT GEAR OR GET A LESSON "Sunset Beach Service [850-585-1536, sunsetbeachservice.com] offers board rentals spanning Navarre Beach to Seagrove Beach, and La Dolce Vita [850-650-0289, destinbeachservice.com] is a great source in the Destin area."
WHERE TO STAY "Newman-Daily Resort Properties [800-225-7652, destinvacation.com] and Sandcastle Escapes [866-626-4208, sandcastleescapes.com] are great options for a vacation rental on or near the beach. Sea Oats Motel [850-837-6655, seaoatsrentals.com], Destin's only beachfront motel, offers that nostalgic Florida experience right on the gulf."
Brody Welte is a longtime waterman, a certified personal trainer, and the founder of Stand Up Fitness, a San Diego business that teaches people to incorporate stand-up paddling into a full-body workout. He touts his adopted hometown as one of the best paddling hot spots in the mainland United States.
WHERE TO PADDLE "San Diego has some of the best water to paddle in California. There are three main flat-water spots: San Diego Bay, Mission Bay, and Carlsbad Lagoon — and then, obviously, you have the open Pacific Ocean. San Diego Bay is my favorite for flat water. You can paddle around Coronado and have great views of downtown San Diego. LaJolla Cove is a great place to paddle out in the ocean. The shoreline is beautiful, and there is a lot to see in the water."
WHERE TO RENT GEAR OR GET A LESSON "The city of Coronado just opened a boathouse on Glorietta Bay that offers lessons and rentals. It's close to downtown and has beautiful calm water to learn in."
WHERE TO STAY "The historic Hotel Del Coronado [800-468-3533, hoteldel.com], one of the most iconic hotels in California, is located right on the water."
> Your Height + 8''
How tall a stand-up paddle should be
Source: REI
> 113,431,943
Number of valid US passports in circulation in 2012
> 55,169, 571
Number in 2002
Source: US Department of State
Daniel McGinn is a senior editor at Harvard Business Review and frequent travel writer. Send comments to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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In this corner, the author of "The China Study," a bestselling book on nutrition which touts a plant-based, high carbohydrate/low protein diet for overall health and cancer prevention. In the other corner, co-author of "New Atkins for a New You," an updated version of the high fat/low carb Atkins diet. The two square off at a public debate on the campus of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) on Wednesday, March 27, 2013.
|To watch the full debate, visit UAB's video page: vimeo.com/64139406
T. Colin Campbell, Ph.D., wrote "The China Study" in 2005. A professor emeritus at Cornell University, Campbell was the director of the China-Oxford-Cornell study on diet and disease in the 1980s. The book chronicles his findings about diet and health from his career in basic science. While not calling himself a vegetarian or vegan, Campbell supports a whole-food, plant-based, low protein/low fat diet.
Eric Westman, M.D., has conducted clinical trials regarding the Atkins diet, made famous by Robert Atkins in 1972. The Atkins diet, sometimes called the antithesis of the China Study, suggests that lower consumption of carbohydrate and higher consumption of fat leads to better cardiovascular health. Westman is a physician specializing in obesity medicine and associate professor of internal medicine at Duke University.
The public debate between Campbell and Westman, "High vs. Low Carbohydrate Diets for Cancer Control and Overall Health," will take place from 5-6:30 p.m. March 27 at the UAB Alumni House, 1001 13th Street South. It is presented by the UAB Center for Palliative and Supportive Care and the UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center. The event is made possible through a gift by Deane Corliss and the Corliss family. Corliss was a member of the UAB Center for Palliative Care Community Advisory Board.
"This public forum is an outstanding way to mark March as National Nutrition Month in an educational and engaging way," said Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Ph.D., R.D., a professor in the UAB Department of Nutrition Sciences and associate director for cancer prevention and control in the UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center. "Drs. Campbell and Westman are two of the leading figures in the country in the study of diet, nutrition and health."
Campbell has worked as a senior science adviser to the American Institute for Cancer Research and sits on the advisory board of the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. He is known in particular for research, derived in part from the China Project, which appears to link the consumption of animal protein with the development of cancer and heart disease.
"Eating a whole-food plant-based diet has become an urgent matter from several perspectives," said Campbell. "Not only will it improve your health – and the evidence behind this claim is now overwhelming – but it will also dramatically reduce health care costs, as well as reduce violence to our environment and to other sentient beings."
Westman is the director of the Duke Lifestyle Medicine Clinic, an associate editor for the journal Nutrition & Metabolism and president-elect of the American Society of Bariatric Physicians. He was commissioned to write "The New Atkins for a New You" with Stephen Phinney and Jeff Volek by Atkins Nutritionals.
"The science behind Atkins-like diets is strong, and I use the Atkins diet in my clinical practice," said Westman. "The Atkins diet has always been about choosing good sources of carbs, protein and fat. Atkins is healthy eating. I think the public perception is that it is nothing but beef and bacon, but there are a lot of different protein sources – seafood, chicken, eggs, cream and cheese. And it includes vegetables – it is low-carb, not no-carb."
"We are looking forward to a stimulating discussion," said Elizabeth Kvale, M.D., associate professor in the Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care and a scientist in the UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center. "Each speaker will present their views, with time for rebuttal and questions from the audience."
Campbell will also present Department of Medicine Medical Grand Rounds at noon on March 27 at Margaret Cameron Spain Auditorium.


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"Before there were houses in this land, there were altars." A timelier reminder you could not get, as we confront realities about immigration and secularization in the United States. It's a point made by the Archbishop of Los Angeles, Jose H. Gomez, as he tries to morally educate, animate, and challenge.
Gomez promotes learning the entire story behind our country's founding. "Immigrant missionaries were naming this continent's rivers and mountains and territories for saints, sacraments and articles of the faith," as he put it in a speech to the Napa Institute last summer.
"Catholics founded America's oldest settlement, in St. Augustine, Fla., in 1565," he said. Catholic missionaries and explorers were there before the Pilgrims, George Washington and the rest of our familiar founding figures.
This is to remind us of the diversity of our past, pointing toward an understanding of who we are today. "Although founded by Christians, America has become home to an amazing diversity of cultures, religions and ways of life. This diversity flourishes precisely because our nation's founders had a Christian vision of the human person, freedom, and truth," Gomez emphasizes.
"There is no denying significant differences between Hispanic-Catholic and Anglo-Protestant cultural assumptions," Gomez acknowledged, while also making the case that we are a nation whose story is not complete without both. "When we forget our country's roots in the Hispanic-Catholic mission to the new world, we end up with distorted ideas about our national identity. We end up with the idea that Americans are descended from only white Europeans and that our culture is based only on the individualism, work ethic and rule of law that we inherited from our Anglo-Protestant forebears."
"Our culture pushes us to 'privatize' our faith, to separate our faith from our life in society," the archbishop said. "We always have to resist that temptation. We are called to live our faith in our businesses, homes and communities, and in our participation in public life." His remarks take on a renewed urgency in the wake of President Obama's re-election -- the president's administration is attacking religious liberty under its health care mandate. In cases where Catholic and Protestant business owners are suing over being forced to pay for insurance that includes abortion drugs, contraception and sterilization, the administration is arguing in federal court that these employers have no claim, that their religious and spiritual beliefs have no protection under our Constitution.
The election also saw leading Democratic politicians insist that it's a legitimate Catholic view to separate religious beliefs from public policy, especially when it comes to the legality of abortion. At least one Democratic convention speaker even made the case that it was her Catholic faith that made her an advocate of protected and increased abortion access. Perhaps we can all start our remedial civic education work with a reflection on the definition of "authenticity."
"Every American should know these characters and the ideals and principles they fought for," Archbishop Gomez said of the early Catholic missionaries, in what has become a familiar scene: religious leaders reminding us of who we are as a people, as they've tried to remind us why our religious liberty is such a precious gift we are obligated to protect.
"From this story we learn that our American identity and culture are rooted in essentially Christian beliefs about the dignity of the human person," he said in that Napa speech.
"America is the only nation in the world that is founded on a creed," in short, as G.K. Chesterton put it.
An election can unite and it can divide. It can teach the wrong lessons. Alternatively, it can urge renewal, even as some of us find ourselves on a bit of a penitential walk that has to do with much more than one election.
Cardinal Timothy Dolan quoted Chesterton, too, in his speech as president of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops at the group's fall meeting in Baltimore the week after the election. Repeating Chesterton's question, "What's wrong with the world?" Dolan reminded that the answer isn't anyone -- a political candidate or institution -- but "me."
At a time when all too many Americans have forgotten what holds us together as a people, as people, again, it doesn't get more resonant. Whoever is president, our hopes and dreams run deeper than any political party, and knowing our history might help us move forward, together.