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In the Name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful
Kaabah in history and in the scriptures
[Quran; 2:125] We have rendered the shrine (the Ka`aba) a focal point for the people, and a safe sanctuary. You may use Abraham's shrine as a prayer house. We commissioned Abraham and Ismail: "You shall purify My house for those who visit, those who live there, and those who bow and prostrate."
The History of Kaaba As A Place Of Worship
Kaaba, also known as, Ka'bah, Kabah and Caaba is the center of the holiest place of worship in Islam (Submission in English), i.e. the Sacred Mosque of Mecca, Al Masjid Al-Haram. Its name is an Arabic word that means a home or a room that looks like a cube.. It is a cube shaped stone structure built in the middle of the Sacred Mosque. The Kaaba was built by prophet Abraham as a landmark for the House of God, for the sole purpose of worshipping of God alone.
[2:127] As Abraham raised the foundations of the shrine, together with Ismail (they prayed): "Our Lord, accept this from us. You are the Hearer, the Omniscient.
Kaaba is the center of the circumambulations performed during the pilgrimage (hajj), and it is toward the Kaaba that Muslims face in their prayers (salat). Before prophet Muhammed's advent, Meccans who lost the religion of Abraham, Monotheism, worshipped many idols, most notable of which were al-Lat, al-Uzza, and Manat. The Black Stone, possibly of meteoric origin, is located at one of its outside corners. It has been used by the pilgrims as a landmark to count the number of cicumambulations. Some traditional Muslims in defiance of their religion, consider the stone holy and put emphasis on touching it and kissing it. The actual structure of the Kaaba has been demolished and rebuilt several times in the course of its history. Around the Kaaba is a restricted area, haram, extending in some directions as far as 12 miles, into which only Muslims may enter.
Kaaba is located in the city of Mecca (Makkah) in the Arabian desert in the Arabian peninsula, of what is known today as Saudi Arabia.
Location Of Mecca (Makkah)
Mecca is at the intersection of latitude 21 to 25 degree north and longitude 39 to 49 degree east. It is set in a rugged landscape consisting mostly of solid granite, with rocks sometimes reaching 300 meters (1,000 feet) above sea level.
Makkah is enclosed by the Valley of Abraham, which is surrounded by two nearby mountain ranges to the east, west and south. The northern range comprises the Al-Falaq and Qu'aqi'an mountains, while the southern range consists of Abu Hudaidah mountain to the west, Kuday to the south and Abu Qubais and Khindimah to the south-east.
There are three main entrances to Makkah: Al-Mu'allat (also known as Al-Hujûn), Al-Musfalah, and Al-Shubaikah.
Kaaba & Mecca In History
Edward Gibbon writes about the Ka'bah and its existence before the Christian era in his book:
..... of blind mythology of barbarians - of the local deities, of the stars, the air, and the earth, of their sex or titles, their attributes or subordination. Each tribe, each family, each independent worrier, created and changed the rites and the object of this fantastic worship; but the nation, in every age, has bowed to the religion as well as to the language of Mecca. The genuine antiquity of Caaba ascends beyond the Christian era: in describing the coast of the Red sea the Greek historian Diodorus has remarked, between the Thamudites and the Sabeans, a famous temple, whose superior sanctity was revered by all the Arabians; the linen of silken veil, which is annually renewed by the Turkish emperor, was first offered by the Homerites, who reigned seven hundred years before the time of Mohammad.[2]
Diodorus Siculus was a Greek historian of 1st century BC who wrote Bibliotheca Historica, a book describing various parts of the discovered world. The following lines are the English translation of Greek quoted by Gibbon from the book of Diodorus Siculus (Diodorus of Sicily) describing the 'temple' considered to be the the holiest in the whole of Arabia.
And a temple has been set-up there, which is very holy and exceedingly revered by all Arabians.[3]
It is interesting to know that Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria, mathematician and astronomer, flourishing about a century after Pliny, undertook to make an atlas of the habitable world. He was not a descriptive geographer, and his book was intended to be no more than a commentary on his maps. He enumerated some hundred and fourteen cities or villages in Arabia Felix.
For example, Dumaetha, placed by Ptolemy just outside the northern boundary of Arabia Felix, must be the mediaeval Arabian Daumet, which is today the chief village of the great oasis of Jauf. Hejr, famous in the "times of ignorance" as the seat of a kingdom, and now Medayin Salih, is Ptolemy's Egra. His Thaim is Teima, now known for its inscriptions to have had temples and some sort of civilization as far back as 500 BC. It is the Tema of Job. In Lathrippa, placed inland from Iambia (Yambo), we recognize the Iathrippa of Stephan of Byzantium, the Yathrib of the early Arab traditions, now honoured as El Medina, the City of Cities.[4]
Apart from this a place called Macoraba is also shown which is identified as Mecca (please refer to the map facing page 17 of reference [3]). G E von Grunebaum says:
Mecca is mentioned by Ptolemy, and the name he gives it allows us to identify it as a South Arabian foundation created around a sanctuary.[5]
Makkah In The Scriptures
The Qur'ân talks about Bakkah (the older name of Makkah) being the first house of worship appointed for mankind. It also addresses this place as Umm ul-Qurâ i.e., Mother of the Settlements.
[Quran; 3:96-97] The most important shrine established for the people is the one in Becca; a blessed beacon for all the people. In it are clear signs: the station of Abraham. Anyone who enters it shall be granted safe passage. The people owe it to GOD that they shall observe Hajj to this shrine, when they can afford it. As for those who disbelieve, GOD does not need anyone." 3:96 Sura 3 is an M-initialed sura, and this peculiar spelling of "Mecca" as "Becca" causes the occurrence of "M" to conform to the Quran's mathematical code. The normal spelling "Mecca" would have increased the frequency of occurrence of "M". See the Mathematical Miracle of the Quran, (Appendix 1).
The Bible also mentions about the valley of Baca in connection with the pilgrimage. Below is the quote from Psalms 84 (NIV):
- How lovely is your dwelling place, O LORD Almighty!
- My soul yearns, even faints, for the courts of the LORD; my heart and my flesh cry out for the living God.
- Even the sparrow has found a home, and the swallow a nest for herself, where she may have her young-- a place near your altar, O LORD Almighty, my King and my God.
- Blessed are those who dwell in your house; they are ever praising you.
- Blessed are those whose strength is in you, who have set their hearts on pilgrimage.
- As they pass through the Valley of Baca, they make it a place of springs; the autumn rains also cover it with pools.
- They go from strength to strength, till each appears before God in Zion.
- Hear my prayer, O LORD God Almighty; listen to me, O God of Jacob.
- Look upon our shield, O God; look with favor on your anointed one.
- Better is one day in your courts than a thousand elsewhere; I would rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God than dwell in the tents of the wicked.
- For the LORD God is a sun and shield; the LORD bestows favor and honor; no good thing does he withhold from those whose walk is blameless.
- O LORD Almighty, blessed is the man who trusts in you.
The interpretation of the valley of Baca in the The Jewish Encylopedia is quite interesting, though it does not provide a complete evidence and leaves the reader with a suggestion. Below is the full quote.
Baca, The Valley Of: A valley mentioned in Psalms LXXXIV:7. Since it is there said that pilgrims transform the valley into a land of wells, an old translators gave to Baca, the meaning of a "valley of weeping"; but it signifies rather any valley lacking water. Support for this latter view is to be found in II Samuel V:23 et seq.; I Chronicles XIV:14 et seq., in which the plural form of the same word designates a tree similar to the balsam tree; and it was supposed that a dry valley could be named after this tree. Konig takes Baca from the Arabian Baka'a, and translates it "lack of streams". The Psalmist apparently has in mind a particular valley whose natural condition led him to adopt its name.[6]
The translation of Arabian Baka'a as "lack of stream" seems to throw some light on the nature of the valley before the appearance of the stream of Zam-Zam near Ka'bah which was a dry place with no vegetation whatsoever.
The Anchor Bible Dictionary does not throw any light on it, albeit, there are some suggestions in it too like the The Jewish Encylopedia. Below is the full quote.
Baca, The Valley Of (PLACE): [Hebrew 'emeq habakka'], The valley of Baca (Psalms 84;1) is either a historical place name or a symbolical expression for "deep sorrow". The first part of Psalms 84;6 seems to mean that by "passing through the experience of deep sorrow, righteous ones can make it the source of life." The Septuagint translated the phrase into Greek as "the valley of weeping". The word 'emeq "valley" has the root meaning of "deep", so the expression may mean "deep sorrow".
However, some have considered it as the "valley of the balsam tree" from the same word in plural form found in 2 Samuel 5;24. This is based on the assumption that baka may be a "gum-exuding [weeping] tree". Another possibility is that the word beka'im (plural of baka) may mean "weeping wall-rocks" in the valley of Rephaim on whose tops David and his troops were waiting for the coming of the Philistine army passing through the valley below (2 Samuel 5;24). It seems safe to seek the meaning of baka in relation to the dripping water, since we often find this word in the names related to rivers and wadis, such as Wadi al-Baka in the Sinaitic district and Baca on the wadi in the central Galilee area, W of Meroth. It is also possible to understand beka'im as the place of "weepings" of the Philistine army for their defeat by David. After all these considerations, the expression of "valley of baka" can best be taken as a symbolic expression "weeping" or "deep sorrow" which fits well in the context of Psalms 84;6.[7]
The interpretation of the valley of Baca as a "the valley of weeping" makes sense because of the distress which Hagar(P) underwent when she was left with Ishmael(P) in the barren desert with no means of living.
The two interpretations of Baca, viz., "lack of stream" and "the valley of weeping" appears to fit in the context of pilgrimage to Bakkah, the older name of Makkah where the Ka'bah is situated. Ka'bah has been a place of reverence by all Arabians before the Christian era as we have seen earlier.
- M S M Saifullah, Ka'bah As A Place Of Worship In The History
- Edward Gibbon (Introduction by Christopher Dawson), Gibbon's Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire, Volume V, Everyman's Library, London, pp. 223-224.
- Translated by C H Oldfather, Diodorus Of Sicily, Volume II, William Heinemann Ltd., London & Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, MCMXXXV, p. 217.
- D G Hogarth, The Penetration Of Arabia, Alston Rivers Limited, London, 1905, p. 18.
- G E Von Grunebaum, Classical Islam: A History 600-1258, George Allen & Unwin Limited, 1970, p. 19.
- The Jewish Encylopedia, Volume II, Funk & Wagnalls Company, MDCCCCII, p. 415.
- David Noel Freedman (Editor-in-Chief), The Anchor Bible Dictionary, Volume I, Doubleday, p. 566.


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Stephen Colbert Saves Christmas
[There was a video here]
From "holiday trees" in state capitols to store greeters saying "Happy Holidays" to mall Santas asked to lower kids' expectations, Stephen Colbert has been shocked and appalled by the War on Christmas. But thankfully all is not lost because the Scottsdale Gun Club, of Scottsdale, AZ, is having people take pictures with Santa and their choice of gun. Santa, guns and your family, isn't that what Christmas, nay America, is really about?

subset: commoncrawl


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Rape-revenge is the basest of movie formulas. What amounts to a social contract exists with the audience: during the first half of the film, you will experience the sadistic, brutal, misogynistic sexual abuse of an innocent, probably naïve young woman at the hands of cavalier thugs. And during the second half of the film, you will see this broken woman–this survivor–pull herself together long enough to exact a terrible revenge on those who wronged her.
Sometimes there's a little more to it than that. In the original Last House on the Left, loosely based on an Ingmar Bergman film (The Virgin Spring), the victim dies, leaving her horrified parents to avenge her death. Abel Ferrara's Ms. 45, an arguable high-water mark for this stuff, paints the woman's patricidal vengeance streak as a sort of radical feminist awakening. Thelma and Louise famously subverted the whole formula, playing the escape of two women from abuse as a female-empowerment tragedy. In this world, sister, only in death will you be truly free.
If there's such a thing as a plain-vanilla rape-revenge movie, I Spit on Your Grave is it. Ostensibly envisioned by writer-director-editor Meir Zarchi as a spirited take-back-the-night tract (to this day, Zarchi prefers his original, unmarketable title, Day of the Woman), it was shot quickly and cheaply on location in Kent, Connecticut, a small town on the shores of a healthy river that suggests Everybackwoods, America. It stars Camille Keaton (Buster Keaton's grand-niece) as Jennifer Hills, a writer who leaves her midtown Manhattan abode for greener climes and solitude.
Arriving in town, Jennifer makes the mistake of telling the wrong gas-station attendant, "Oh, hello, I'm staying all by myself at the house up by the river." Before long, she's being menaced by tough guys in a motorboat who decide to procure her for the sexual satisfaction of their mentally handicapped buddy (Richard Pace). When he fails to consummate the impromptu relationship, the other men take turns with her in a gruelling sequence that ends up consuming, depending on how you count, about 25 minutes of screentime.
If that sounds just awful, well, it is. Certainly, I find it impossible not to feel for Jennifer and her suffering–and Keaton delivers an intensely physical performance that isn't technically accomplished but carries the movie all the same. She's also naked on screen, a lot, and the relative crudity of Zarchi's formal approach–he cuts among medium shots, rarely moving the camera or heading in for close-ups and the like–gives the rape sequences an effectively harrowing but still pornographic feel that makes a hot shower sound really attractive. I don't doubt Zarchi's stand on rape in the real world (he's against it), but some of his decisions here, especially the inclusion of a developmentally challenged character among the grinning, giggling rapists, are aggressively insensitive. Let's say the picture lacks a certain gravitas that is generally expected when compassionate filmmakers use rape as a subject.
Still, I Spit on Your Grave has its moments, and Keaton's casting is something of a coup. She bears a resemblance to Uncle Buster, especially down the bridge of the nose, while her body is lanky and delicate in a way that underscores the obscenity of her assault. Also, she has a remarkable scream, which she deploys to profoundly unnerving effect. Improbably, the scene where she wanders through the forest away from the first attack, only to meet up with her tormentors again, has the qualities of a pastoral nightmare. It puts the audience in Jennifer's head, suggesting post-traumatic stress affliction. It's psychologically devastating.
Though I Spit on Your Grave doesn't exactly appeal to the better angels of your nature, it does get its hooks in you. If you persevere through the many grievances visited upon Jennifer, you anticipate the redress. In the disquieting world of rape-revenge, balance is restored by brutishness returned in kind, and Jennifer's payback killings are sordid and sexually charged as she reclaims control of her body through the desecration of others. A post-coital asphyxiation is notable for Keaton's on-screen ferocity, but the film's infamous bathtub interlude, in which that gas-station attendant (Eron Tabor) is relieved of a few dangling inches of offending muscle, is an awesomely glib and chilly rejoinder to his clueless assertions of male privilege. Two down, two to go; when the remaining pair of rednecks motor their way up river to figure out what happened to their buddies, Jennifer is waiting for them, clad only in another bikini. In this context, you know what that bikini says? It says fuck you.
Wait, what? Am I defending I Spit on Your Grave? It may seem odd to say it, yet one factor working in the movie's favour is nostalgia. I hated it when I watched it on a lousy old VHS tape around 1990–it felt like an appeal to some very unwholesome impulses. In the fullness of time, its more naïve qualities make it feel, if not artful, then reassuringly handmade. Dare I mention that its largely wordless, minimal scenes of a nude or nearly nude figure in the woods acquire almost avant-garde qualities? It's like the Bizarro World version of James Broughton's "The Bed."
Last year's remake has no such advantage. Conceived and executed in the cool, desaturated style of a Saw movie, it's decidedly calculated. Its Jennifer Hills (Sarah Butler) is again a big-city writer roughing it in the country, but she's a contemporary woman: instead of spending the day lounging in a hammock or on a rowboat, she'll be out jogging in the morning and enjoying a glass of red wine in the evening. Like her predecessor, this Jennifer unwisely reveals too much about her whereabouts to the wrong kind of people (Louisiana hicks this time rather than Connecticut hicks)–but where the first film positioned Jennifer as innocent verging on naive, this one presents the character as a pretty tough chick from the get-go.
Jennifer sensibly appeals to the local authorities following her first attack, only to discover that the sadistic sheriff is in on the game. She's helpless to fight back against all of these men, and the swinging-dick campaign of sexual and physical intimidation that begins their initial assault–well-played, with a disturbing naturalism not in evidence in the earlier, more mannered film–is effective and infuriating. But she turns out to be a highly competent killing machine, devising elaborately sadistic torture scenarios as she exacts her revenge. (One of them involves suspension above a bath of lye, another a rifle barrel being jammed up someone's ass.)
That's all fine, but I Spit on Your Grave 2010 doesn't devote nearly as much attention to Jennifer as its precursor. Say what you want about Zarchi's motives, his film was Jennifer's story and she's in almost every scene. The remake not only offers very little insight into her character before the rapes, but also benches her in the second act. Once she escapes her would-be murderers by jumping off a bridge, we spend an inexplicable proportion of time with the thugs as their fruitless search for her body continues–and it's not like these redneck meatheads are interesting. I might have gotten a disreputable charge out of following Jennifer through the aftermath of her assault, watching her regain her composure and steel herself for battle like Martin Sheen getting ready to take a machete to Colonel Kurtz in Apocalypse Now, but for much of this dull picture she may as well exist as a ghost or an urban legend. Now there's a movie idea: a folksy supernatural avenger who comes out against molesters, abusers, and date-rapists, Freddy Krueger-style, if somebody says her name three times.
Anchor Bay's new Blu-ray Disc of the original I Spit on Your Grave is almost unreasonably gorgeous. Although I've never seen the movie theatrically, I find it hard to believe that any release print ever looked as good as this transfer–saturated as it is with the verdant greens of Jennifer's woodsy surroundings, but maintaining the pinkish skin tones and ruddy browns that characterize late-'70s film stock. The image, transferred at the 1.78:1 HDTV aspect ratio, has a layer of soft, era-appropriate film grain throughout and is remarkably clean, though it occasionally exhibits a mild degree of gate weave. It's like Zarchi left the camera negative untouched in his mom's attic all these years.
I can't say I'm as enthusiastic about the soundtrack, presented exclusively in a six-channel remix in Dolby TrueHD. If you're put off by the unavoidably thin quality of 5.1 upconversions from mono, you're out of luck. The high-fidelity audio here just makes it more obvious than ever when, e.g., the dialogue in exterior scenes has clearly been recorded inside a studio. As a trade-off, I hope audio buffs get oodles of pleasure out of the occasional chirping bird who has been steered to a surround speaker. Ultimately, the most frustrating thing about it is that there's plenty of room left on the BD-50 for one measly mono track.
In the extras, Zarchi is on the defense, opening his feature-length commentary by summarizing much of the criticism the film has received over the years. Zarchi says he was inspired to write the movie after helping a rape victim in Central Park; I have no idea whether this encounter was documented in any way, but it sounds like a trump card he pulls out to defend his intentions. ("Some of my best friends are rape victims!") That Zarchi seems, decades on, genuinely baffled and disturbed by the reception his generally artless, astonishingly exploitative film received suggests either practiced disingenuousness or surpassing cluelessness. His dogged campaign for the film's original, uncommercial, title, Day of the Woman, may be slightly better evidence that, whether or not I Spit on Your Grave is misogynist, it wasn't made with misogynist intentions. Zarchi's real MVP is critic Joe Bob Briggs, who contributes a separate yakker wherein he offers an extended and engaging appreciation of the film and mocks the idea that its viewers are identifying with the rapists rather than their victim.
Zarchi spins some more yarns about the picture's production and distribution (and his eventual, ill-fated marriage to Keaton) in the talking-head featurette "The Values of Vengeance: Meir Zarchi Remembers I Spit on Your Grave" (29 mins., SD). This disc also boasts a poster and still-image gallery, a handful of TV spots, radio spots, and trailers (some of them almost indistinguishable from each other). Proceedings kick off with trailers for the 2010 remake, the terror-on-a-ski-lift thriller Frozen, and the terror-in-a-small-plane thriller Altitude.
The first thing that hits you about the Blu-ray version of the remake is the complete lack of film grain. Shot using the Red One digital camera, I Spit on Your Grave 2010 has a glossy but slightly soft look that I find exceptionally clean but uncompelling. It doesn't help that most of the colour was leached out in post-production, resulting in a drab, monochromatic appearance that stands in contrast to the downright vibrant imagery of the original. I assume the 2.35:1 transfer, encoded using MPEG-4 (AVC), accurately reflects the filmmakers' intentions. The audio, rendered in 5.1 Dolby TrueHD, is fairly robust, if a tad monotonous, working every channel and the sub with ambient and environmental sound effects plus a generally rumbly score.
"The Revenge of Jennifer Hills: Remaking a Cult Icon" is a short, letterboxed making-of (16 mins., SD) that features cast members from the remake uniformly explaining what a privilege it is to expand the boundaries of their craft by venturing into such "dark" territory. One of them calls the first I Spit on Your Grave a "fetish film," which may be a pretty accurate descriptor, though you have to wonder what Zarchi would say about that. It's interesting to hear these outwardly earnest actors defend their roles in the material, but this is otherwise standard-issue stuff. Almost 12 minutes of deleted scenes aren't very interesting by themselves, although a couple of them, trimmed from the beginning of the film, would have given us more opportunities to get acquainted with Jennifer–which may not have helped but definitely couldn't have hurt. The disc also includes a teaser, two trailers, and a radio spot for the remake, as well as trailers for I Spit on Your Grave 1978, The Killing Machine, the awesomely-titled Stonehenge Apocalypse, and The Disappearance of Alice Creed.
Finally, in a personable yak-track, director Steven R. Monroe and producer Lisa M. Hansen talk about many of the decisions that were made in the production process, such as the places where the project was trimmed in the cutting room. I was interested and a bit dismayed to hear them blame the film's failure to develop Jennifer as a character on a perceived short attention span among audience members, who would be impatient to get to the, erm, action. Well, of course you're not going to be able to make a good horror movie if you can't trust that your audience is willing to spend time with your protagonist before she's raped. What does it say that, these days, even the exploitation films have to be dumbed down?


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Climate Ride Meet & Greet on Feb. 1st
Join staff from WABA and Rails-to-Trail Conservancy for Meet & Greet on February 1st, 2012 at 6:00 pm at the Rails-to-Trails Offices. This event is open to all interested in participating in the Climate Ride NYC-DC, May 19-23, 2012. Past Climate Riders, members of the 2012 Team WABA and Climate Ride staff will provide an introduction to the Climate Ride including tips on fundraiser and advice on training. This is an opportunity to have all of your questions answered. Light food (pizza) and drinks (beer) will be provided! Event Time: February 1st, 2012 at 6:00 pm Event Location: Rails-to-Trail Conservancy The Duke Ellington Building 2121 Ward Ct., NW, 5th Floor Washington, DC 20037 See on Google Maps Please RSVP for the meeting (not mandatory, we just don't want to run out of pizza)! Learn more about the 2012 Climate Ride and Team WABA


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A saxophonist buddy of mine who went to the same high school as I did and then also studied with Joe at Berklee after I did just sent me a recording that I have been dying to hear for many, many years. It is Joe Viola's 'Jazz in the Classroom' album that was put out by Berklee in 1959. The album was done in the Berklee studios on two track reel to reel. Viola overdubbed all of the woodwind parts, playing all of the saxophones, flute, oboe, English horn, clarinet, and bass clarinet. The first side is in a Classical style and the second side is sax quartet with an added rhythm section of Ray Santisi, Gene Cherico and Alan Dawson. Manny Albam was a rising star as a composer and arranger and he composed everything on the album. The entire recording is truly mind blowing. The sax quartet tracks just sound impossibly good, because no section sounds that in tune, tight or phrases together so well. The great thing about this recording is that you can play along with it because all of the Jazz in the Classroom scores are in the online Berklee archives. I have included links to each score with each MP3 track. Playing along with Joe makes me feel like I am back in his studio with him again. Hearing this was incredibly inspiring, but it also made a mere mortal like myself feel like a lazy slug.
Joe Viola Plays Manny Albam: Berklee's Jazz in the Classroom series, Vol.III
6. Octette
7. Sunny Sunday
10. Minor Mannerisms
11. Runaround


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New CS Lewis Documentary Follows His Journey From Atheism to Discovering God
A new documentary that reveals legendary Christian author C.S. Lewis' personal journey to find "evidence of intelligent design in nature despite natural evil" was released today in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of Lewis' death.
The 17-minute documentary that premiered on YouTube is one of three short films based on the book The Magician's Twin: C.S. Lewis on Science, Scientism, and Society, by author John G. West. Throughout his life, Lewis struggled with what he called the "argument from undesign" – the reality that nature exhibits cruelty and imperfection as well as purpose and beauty – which the film documents. It also features each of his arguments supporting intelligent design – the belief that life was created not by chance but by a higher being, including nature's beauty, morality and functional complexity.
"C.S. Lewis is well-known for defending the existence of God, but he actually struggled for much of his life to see purpose in a universe that often seemed cold and heartless," says West, according to a press release. "In 'C.S. Lewis and Intelligent Design,' we explore the fascinating story of how Lewis became persuaded that design in nature was real."
He adds, "One of the things that may surprise some viewers is just how angry Lewis's atheism could be in his earlier years, including a little-known poem about nature he wrote around the time of World War I titled 'Satan Speaks.'"
Shortly after being discharged from the Army at age 20, Lewis wrote his first book, Spirits in Bondage , and in it, he included the poem featuring a "grim portrait of nature." A few verses from his poem include:
I am the flower and the dewdrop fresh,
I am the lust in your itching flesh.
I am the battle's filth and strain,
I am the widow's empty pain.
I am the sea to smother your breath,
I am the bomb, the falling death.
During this time, he was an atheist who believed that nature's cruelty was the best evidence against the belief in a creator. Much of his dark and cynical beliefs also stemmed from his suffering as a young child following the death of his mother.
However, through time, he came to the realization that "a copy could not be better than its original," meaning that there had to be a greater existence than nature and everything that the human eye can see.
Upon having this realization, Lewis embraced his Christian roots that he was raised with and came to the conclusion that God, in fact, did exist.
The film leads viewers through the process of his arguing that life was designed by a higher being but it also features the part of his life when he viewed all things through an atheist's perspective. Around that time, he met British philosopher Antony Flew at Oxford University, known for his atheism as well. The documentary also features short footage of Flew's conversion to Christianity.
At one point, Flew was not convinced about Lewis' arguments. However, in 2004, he came forward and made international headlines when he said that scientific evidence supported that there is a God and that he had realized the validity of Lewis' arguments. Six years later, Flew passed away.
Later this week, a memorial will take place at Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey, London, in Lewis' honor.


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This switch toggles between vibrate and ring option on the iPhone.
Cosa ti serve
If your display glass is cracked, keep further breakage contained and prevent bodily harm during your repair by taping the glass.
Lay overlapping strips of clear packing tape over the iPhone's display until the whole face is covered.
Remove the two 3.7mm Phillips #00 screws from the dock-connector end of the iPhone.
Shesh - why doesn't the first line of step #1 say "Turn off your phone" by holding the power button down and shutting it down. I know you don't HAVE to do this, but it certain didn't feel right opening a device while the screen was humming along looking at me.
The power button is broken... that is why?
Do seriously consider ESD when getting to the internals. External connectors have ESD protection circuits, but these will not help if you touch the internals!
ok, I did it but the vibration stopped working… I don't know why. Is there a way to fix it?
Remove the metal handle from the suction cup. It's easier and safer to grip the suction cup's base instead of the metal handle.
Use a small suction cup near the Home button to gently pull up the bottom portion of the iPhone's display assembly.
The small suction cup near the home button didn't quite work for me, but i found some kind of workaround: just use the suction of your iPhone-carkit (if you have one)
that works like a charm
Be really careful at this point not too pull too hard when you're trying to get the screen out - I did, the screen came out suddenly and I pulled all the connectors off :/
put your fingers at power button end of phone, resting on edge of glass/bezel you can use them as lever so when you pull on suction at other end you don't need to apply much pressure and the cables underneath aren't ripped off
As a help to doing this step, put your thumb/fingers around the phone around the middle so it's cradled in your hand. Keep your fingers wrapped around and resting gently on the top of the screen with your thumb and the first few fingers. See how his thumb is sitting on the edge like that, but ready to 'catch' the screen when it comes up? Do that with your thumb and the tips of your fingers on the other side.
Now carefully use the suction cup to 'walk/rock' the screen out with a left-to-right while pulling up motions. With your fingers gently clamped around the phone and providing a little pressure on the edges overlapping the screen when the screen comes out, they'll catch the screen before you pull it up too far and yank the cables out.
I was very careful, but not careful enough removing the display with a suction cup, and Everything came unplugged in an instant. CAUTION: Pull with the suction cup near the round button, AND ALSO have someone else support the other end of the display so that only the end of the display with the round button comes out. I was very lucky.
I had no grip at all on the suction cup with my fingers. Problem solved by inserting the screw driver in the s-cup, which gave just the right leverage to control pulling loose the display assembly.
Rotate the display assembly up until it is at an angle of approximately 45 degrees.
When you get back to this step as you are reassembling it, it's tempting to test that you've got all the cables plugged in properly by switching the phone on and testing it. However the Home button will not work until the front panel is back in position, because the electrical connection is done by a pair of touch contacts which only work when the phone is assembled.
When the instructions say "Rotate the display assembly up until it is at an angle of approximately 45 degrees." they really mean "TILT THE HOME BUTTON END OF display assembly up until it is at an angle of approximately 45 degrees. Looking at the picture makes this step brain dead simple, but if you were using another iPhone to read the directions it would be easy to miss.
Continue to hold the display assembly with one hand, and use your other hand and a spudger to disconnect the black ribbon cable labeled "1". (Cable 1 is for the display)
What part is 1? My seems to keep dropping out and the ear speaker is not working. Is this what it is?
What are the flex cables #1, #2 and #3 for? There's a lot of questions about this, but no answers?!
SOMEONE has to know!?
Citazione da Turbo Fredriksson:
What are the flex cables #1, #2 and #3 for?
Aparently #3 is 'Earpiece & Proximity Sensor'.
Citazione da Turbo Fredriksson:
Aparently #3 is 'Earpiece & Proximity Sensor'.
Found the thread: What Ribbon "1" and "2" and "3" do?
1. Ribbon #1: Runs the LCD
2. Ribbon #2: Runs the digitizer
3. Ribbon #3: Earspeaker and various sensors on the iPhone face
Note that The connectors have a rubber-like Top surface. Make surre The spudger is inserted underneath that rubber piece. To disconnect, The connector ha to lifted upwards from the PC-Board (i.e. Orthogonally from the electronics board, as opposed to being moved sideways). holds true for all of those connectors, except for the one with the flip-tab.
Rotate the display assembly up until it is roughly vertical. This will allow easier access for disconnecting the remaining cables.
Use a spudger to disconnect the black ribbon cable labeled "2". (Cable 2 is for the capacitative touch panel)
Use a spudger to flip up the white plastic tab holding the ribbon cable "3" in place. The white tab will rotate up 90 degrees, releasing the ribbon cable.
Slide the black ribbon cable out of its connector, and remove the display assembly from the iPhone.
On my 3G, the piece that flips up on the #3 connector was black and the connector itself was white, seemingly opposite of the pictures. I mistakenly tried to pry up the wrong piece, but fortunately didn't do too much damage before I realized this. My phone was replaced on warranty in February so this must be the case in some newer 3G's.
Citazione da lolsen4:
On my 3G, the piece that flips up on the #3 connector was black and the connector itself was white, seemingly opposite of the pictures. I mistakenly tried to pry up the wrong piece, but fortunately didn't do too much damage before I realized this. My phone was replaced on warranty in February so this must be the case in some newer 3G's.
Thanks for the heads-up. I added a note so that people are aware that the colors may be reversed.
That flip tab on the #3 connector split in half and came off completely. Be careful. And if anyone knows where to buy a replacement flip tab, that'd be cool too :)
I should also note that I used a little flat head screwdriver when lifting the flip tab and the narrow pressure point is what cause it to split. Should of used a spudger.
I bought my black iPhone a full housing white cover off ebay. No phone shops seem to be able to change it for me.
If I follow this guide, will I be able to pull my phone apart, change the covers and put it back together?
That is, once I pull the phone apart, will it work properly once I put it back together again?
Citazione da kristymic:
I bought my black iPhone a full housing white cover off ebay. No phone shops seem to be able to change it for me.
If I follow this guide, will I be able to pull my phone apart, change the covers and put it back together?
That is, once I pull the phone apart, will it work properly once I put it back together again?
Yes, if you take care and follow the instructions to the letter.
Citazione da Cor Berkelaar:
How on earth do I get the black ribbon cable back into its connector???
Cor, You have to slide the little bar on the connector away from the body of the connector before you can insert the ribbon cable into it. I know it's tight quarters, but even my meat hooks were able to finally get it inserted. The 'trick' is that once you have inserted the cable into the body of the connector, quickly slide the bar back toward the body as this will lock the cable into the connector. I hope this is helpful.
Is there a way of replacing the connector?
i have torn the top of the connector......... would that be the reason that the iPhone would not start even though the ribbon is in the connector and fastened secured with the white plastic tab is down.
Citazione da Vishal Vaidya:
Is there a way of replacing the connector? i have torn the top of the connector......... would that be the reason that the iPhone would not start even though the ribbon is in the connector and fastened secured with the white plastic tab is down.
Citazione da Vishal Vaidya:
Is there a way of replacing the connector?
You could replace it. That's what I'll have to do. Luckily my brother is great with soldering surface mounted components.
But if you had to ask if it can be replaced, you don't have knowledge to do it yourself! It's VERY difficult! Look among your friends or the 'Net. I found quite a lot of forums where they talk about the difficulty on replacing SMD's. Just mail one of them that seem to know what they're doin'...
Citazione da cliffcurtis:
if anyone knows where to buy a replacement flip tab, that'd be cool too :)
I'm currently waiting for mine... :)
[quote|I'm currently waiting for mine... :)[/quote]
And my younger brother managed to replace it with only a couple of minutes whining about it's size :).
Works just fine now (exept that I can't seem to turn the darn thing off, even though I've also replaced the button harness!)
I have torn the top of the connector too and the iPhone is not starting.. Was that the reason? Did it work after replacing the connector?
Citazione da Vishal Vaidya:
Is there a way of replacing the connector? i have torn the top of the connector......... would that be the reason that the iPhone would not start even though the ribbon is in the connector and fastened secured with the white plastic tab is down.
Citazione da lolsen4:
On my 3G, the piece that flips up on the #3 connector was black and the connector itself was white, seemingly opposite of the pictures. I mistakenly tried to pry up the wrong piece, but fortunately didn't do too much damage before I realized this. My phone was replaced on warranty in February so this must be the case in some newer 3G's.
Maybe it adds Value to the explanation to say that the piece that needs to be flipped up is located on the opposite side of where the ribbon cable exits the connector. It needs to flip upwards towards the ribbon cable.
My confusion was to identify which connector I have in my phone, since everything in there is so tiny that it is hard to identify which is which. Maybe a zoom-in on the connector with the tab flipped up would be a good addition to the instructions also.
Be VERY careful when working with ribbon 3. I thought I was but when I got the phone back together the earpiece didn't work. While doing research to find out why, I discovered that ribbon 3 is very delicate and easy to damage. I'm now waiting for a new one... if I can't fix it, I'll have to get a new phone since I can't see myself hearing only via Bluetooth or speakerphone.
That step also had me thinking & reading for quite a while. Maybe a close-up picture of the connector might be helpful, seems that a lot of people screw up badly here.
My American 3GS white connector did not flip open. It split into 3 little pieces of white plastic when I tried lifting it with the spudger. The plastic seemed very brittle; the phone is 4 years old. Amazingly to me, I was able to slide the flex tail back in to position and it made all the necessary electrical contacts (at least for the time being). Wi-fi cable #6 was not properly seated after first assembly, but everything is working now! Thank for the help.
Dennis Smith
I strongly recommend that you review Step 7 of the 3GS 'Display,' 'Front Panel' or 'Front Panel Assembly' guide. As of this date (June 2015), only those three guides include a photo of a mock-up of Connector 3 that will provide you with detail that will help you avoid damaging that fragile connector.
Insert your SIM eject tool or a paper clip into the hole next to the headphone jack.
Press down on the tool until the SIM card tray pops out.
Grasp the SIM card tray and slide it out of the iPhone.
Use a spudger to disconnect the ribbon cable labeled "4."
What if I have one of those thin film screen protectors applied, would the suction cup peel it right off instead of lifting the screen up?
Use a spudger to disconnect the ribbon cable labeled "5."
Use a spudger to disconnect the ribbon cable labeled "6."
Those "6" and "7" antenna connectors are quite fragile.
Be very careful when assembling not to force the connector down; It should click actually quite easily once it's placed properly.
If you try to force the connection, it might easily be deformed, which would really be a pity.
Actually, I had to apply some pressure to #7 to get it back in place - I tried not to force it as advice above said, but it wouldn't go in. The pressure wasn't too strong, but it doesn't just slide right in.
iluxan -
I think the steps to replace the connectors 6 & 7 should be emphasized because of the size/fragility of the connectors.
satsho -
I agree with the others that cable 6 and 7 are very fragile and can be difficult to reattach. I was able to get #7 back on but #6 just wouldn't attach. I put too much pressure on it so now I have a cell phone without WiFi or GPS. I would rate the repairability of this phone lower than it is because of the 50-50 chance of flattening these connectors. My 3GS is now effectively an iPod, but with a new battery.
In hindsight I should have read over the whole recipe twice and looked at the comments before starting but I didn't because I thought I could do it and was impatient. I agree that there should be warning at the top to draw attention to the multiple wires that could be damaged when you do this.
My antenna doesn't work now and there is a small metal part that looks like a letter p that fell out of my phone. I thought it wouldn't matter till my friend said it might attach the antenna. Does anybody know where it is supposed to go?
The small metal part that looks like a "p" is a clip that holds the camera in place. You need to put it in place before you replace the screw immediately next to the camera. It's mentioned in step 12 of many of the guides.
#6 would not reattach. I spent an hour trying to reattach that ONE thing. I finally had to give up. What a complete waste of time.
I had edited this step months ago to add a warning to make VERY certain that the connector on the ribbon cable for #6 is centered on its mating connector on the motherboard before applying pressure to it. If it's not centered and you apply pressure you will very likely destroy both halves of the connector. The half attaced to the ribbon is replaced with the wifi antenna- very inexpensive. However, the half on the motherboard is tiny and soldered on. You'll need to get someone equipped to repair circuit boards.
When I ruined my #6 I ended up getting another phone. If you don't repair it, your phone will work but your wifi will not because #6 is the wifi connector.
Months ago I wrote and placed an edit into step 10 which read something like this:
" Be very certain that the #6 connector half on the ribbon cable is perfectly concentric with the #6 connector half on the mother board before applying pressure. This may require a magnifying glass or jewelers' loupe. Failure to ensure proper alignment of these connector halves prior to applying pressure will destroy both connector halves."
At some point someone removed this much needed edit. WHY???????
"concentric" is not the right word. Try "parallel and aligned".
No, actually concentric is exactly correct. When the center of the circle in the ribbon is exactly over the center of the connector on the board the respective circles of the connector halves are CONCENTRIC and properly aligned.
Remove the following 8 screws:
Five 2.3 mm Phillips #00 screws with partial threads securing the logic board to the rear case.
Two 2.3 mm Phillips #00 screws with full threads securing the logic board and camera.
One 2.9 mm Phillips #00 screw from beneath the "Do not remove" sticker.
Note for re-assembly:
The screw that goes next to the camera (bottom right orange highlighted screw) also has a metal strip that holds the camera in place.
I found that after putting the battery in place and reattaching the logic board with the screws I had to press down a little bit to get the screws to reach because the battery contacts kept the logic board from settling in this tension gives positive contact between board and battery.
My battery had swollen - so much so that the back cover was bulged. So when I was removing screws, I was really careful and did every-other-one first on one side, and then the other, then back to the first side, etc. Even in doing that, one of the screws went flying...somewhere...I never did find it, but it hasn't seemed to effect anything. And when I do find it I know I can get back in my phone to put it back.
I didn't have a removable screw in the bottom right with a metal strip, there was a fastening in there without a Philips type depression, but the camera came out with the board. Not sure if the last person in here before me broke something, as there was an aftermarket battery in the phone with no adhesive. However the camera works after putting it all back together
Use a spudger to gently pry the camera up and out of its housing in the rear case.
After removing the 2.3 mm Phillips #00 screw attached to the camera a small retaining clip may be present.
Take note of its position and orientation for later reinstallation.
3G and 3GS camera enclosure: As I was transplanting a 3G cover onto a 3GS, I realized as I was trying to re-assemble the camera that it would not fit: the 3GS camera does not fit in the 3G enclosure. Luckily, you can remove just the camera enclosure from the 3GS and transplant it to the 3G. It's dirty, I broke the ring, I transplanted some of the double face tape... but in the end it worked.
Use a spudger to gently pry up the end of the logic board closest to the dock connector.
When removing the logic board, a slight push towards the top of the phone, will "unclip" the bottom edge of the logic board near the "Do Not Remove" screw.
When reinserting the logic board, there is a tab in the top edge of the rear shell case that the edge of the logic board goes under. It is the edge closest to the camera.
Without this "comfortable" fit, you won't be able to get the SIM in.
The camera itself also has an element of "comfortable" Fit.
If the "Do not remove"-sticker is damaged it's a warranty thing I suppose? It doesn't have any function, does it?
Slide the logic board towards the dock connector and out of the iPhone.
When replacing the logic board after installing battery, connect the camera to the logic board before inserting it into the case. Then make sure to set the top section of the logic board (where the SIM tray is) in place before settling the rest of the board in place. This is important, as sometimes the SIM card slot will not align into place. Once the top section is in place, the bottom section can be maneuvered into place. You will know the logic board is correctly installed when the SIM tray is aligned with the opening in the iPhone case and the camera module seats neatly into its place.
Citazione da Lenore:
When reversing directions for reassembly, the logic board needs to be clipped into the clips on the side.
Although I would say "needs to be slipped under the clips on the side". The most obvious clip is next to the camera, facing south (if the camera is in the NE corner). There is a corresponding clip on the opposite side of the north end the logic board, facing east (a bit east of the #6 ribbon cable).
It's still possible to get all the screws back in with the logic board above the clips (trust me), but it's a serious barnus because the SIM card holder won't fit back in and the camera will be pointing a bit askew ... and you'll have to pull all the screws back out and figure out what you did wrong (and why you had a naggling suspicion the logic board wasn't placed quite right).
I would recommend sliding in the SIM card tray *before* putting any screws back, just to make sure.
Slipping the SIM card in first is a helpful suggestion.
My motherboard actually was not quite lined-up as mentioned, and so after the SIM didn't fit, I was able to pull and reposition the motherboard properly before proceeding.
Citazione da johnhart:
Although I would say "needs to be slipped under the clips on the side". The most obvious clip is next to the camera, facing south (if the camera is in the NE corner). There is a corresponding clip on the opposite side of the north end the logic board, facing east (a bit east of the #6 ribbon cable).
It's still possible to get all the screws back in with the logic board above the clips (trust me), but it's a serious barnus because the SIM card holder won't fit back in and the camera will be pointing a bit askew ... and you'll have to pull all the screws back out and figure out what you did wrong (and why you had a naggling suspicion the logic board wasn't placed quite right).
I would recommend sliding in the SIM card tray *before* putting any screws back, just to make sure.
When putting it back together, it helps with alignment to put in the SIM Card tray. This beats having all your screws back in and finding out it's misaligned. Put the logic board 5/6 the way in, and insert the SIM Card tray like normal. Allow it to guide your logic board into the proper place.
When re-installing the mother board ensure that all of the previoulsly diconnected connector cables are out of the way and do not become trapped by the motherboard.
Use a spudger to pry the battery up from the rear case. The battery is attached with an adhesive strip around the perimeter of the battery.
I successfully completed these steps to dry out a wet phone. While everything inside was dry as a bone, I never did remove the battery since the adhesive was so strong.
I found the spudger far too weak to even attempt the removal of the battery. Instead, I used a folding bone (something I've had for years that's used for making perfect folds in heavy printmaking paper) however, I was still bending the battery far more than I was comfortable with. Since my mission was not to mess with or replace the battery anyways I just left it alone.
Excellent directions!
Installed and the phone is working... You'd think Apple didn't want us to be able to replace the battery. Good directions.
I've done all the steps and phone switches on and works just fine with the one exception that I do have a signal! Is it possible I've damaged the aerial in the process? The strange thing is that on checking the networks I can see T-Mobile, but not 02, so implies something is working. All very odd. Currently my iPhone has become an iPod! Erkk
Any tips?
You most likely forgot to re-atatch the antenna. It is one of the connecters you unhooked after the first 3...its located in the top left of the case..Its a circular connecter.
Citazione da John:
I've done all the steps and phone switches on and works just fine with the one exception that I do have a signal! Is it possible I've damaged the aerial in the process? The strange thing is that on checking the networks I can see T-Mobile, but not 02, so implies something is working. All very odd. Currently my iPhone has become an iPod! Erkk
Any tips?
Sorry...Its the connecter on the bottom left..Rectangular shaped
Citazione da John:
I've done all the steps and phone switches on and works just fine with the one exception that I do have a signal! Is it possible I've damaged the aerial in the process? The strange thing is that on checking the networks I can see T-Mobile, but not 02, so implies something is working. All very odd. Currently my iPhone has become an iPod! Erkk
Any tips?
I put back together my iPhone and put it in a new shell but I just finished and the power button won't work what could i have done wrong?
Citazione da thomas manning:
I put back together my iPhone and put it in a new shell but I just finished and the power button won't work what could i have done wrong?
oh also the vibrate button won't work any ideas there?
Was able to peel the ribbons without removing the battery. Worked great with a 3G. Thanks
Instructions and notes made this fairly easy to do. I had one scary moment where my screen would not turn on but a Hard Reset on the phone fixed it.
any help welcome,just changed the battery on the wife's iPhone after it took a little swim,it wouldn't charge after drying out and i thought a new battery would be the answer,phone switches on ok and everything works except it won't charge on any of our proven chargers.guess something on the main board's knackered. if you have any ideas i would be a very happy chap.
Just a little tip I thought I might add. I would recommend having a digital camera handy to taking snap shots before proceeding with each step, so that you can see exactly how it originally looked at each stage. Once you've gotten to the battery section, just pop the card from the camera into a computer or applicable device and you now have a simple guide for reassembly that is specific to your device.
Also, it may be prudent to take a picture of the screws laid out in a tray along side the phone in the same positions they came out of.
Agree with others - spooger will almost certainly break if you try to pry it out using just that and you can't pull hard enough on the plastic tab. Even on my 2 year old phone, the glue was still *quite* good at holding the battery in.
I used an equally small flat-blade screwdriver and gently walked around the battery lifting against the bottom plastic and the edge of the phone being careful NEVER to touch any of the flat-cable wires. While you can pry against the bottom since there is nothing under it (just double-check since there are some wires running along the side of the phone and the pressure you need to remove the battery would damage the wires if you pryed on them), you need to be careful against the edge of the phone. It's cheap plastic. You can pry against it, but I dared not use more force than enough to start hearing the adhesive start to rip/creak loose. SLOWLY walking around the battery at safe pry points several times finally loosened it enough that I could pull it out. GO SLOW.
If you have the plastic spudger that comes in the kit, it will most likely break when trying to remove the battery. A butter knife worked extremely well, however ...
Agree with this comment. Prying the battery up from its adhesive was the hardest part of this repair, and yes, I did break the spudger thingy.
Barb -
Since I didn't have a hair dryer (never needed one) I used a 500W construction lamp... Those things get very hot. The battery came free relatively easy.
Had to use pliers to slowly pull the battery free by it's tab. When you reverse the steps to reassemble the phone - make sure to get all 6 (or 7 for the 3GS) cables plugged back in. I forgot connector 5 and had to take the phone back apart. Then realized the next day I also had missed connector 6 (wifi). So because I reassembled too quickly the first time - I got to do all the steps 3 times! But phone works perfectly now with a new battery.
Actually broke the plastic spludger trying to get the battery off. Considered it the hardest part of the tutorial. I kept looking at it to see if I hadn't ruined something.Asides from this, reassembling was fairly quick although there was no sliding back of the logic board for me on a 3G. Turned it back on, tested sound, microphone and wifi. All seems good. Thanks alot for all the help guys.
I've made all the disassembling process with no problems, but when I put the logic board back the battery starts getting hot and hotter. Any suggestions??
When I put the new battery in, it was a smidge too far toward the bottom. As a result the logic board didn't quite fit back into place and I was unable to put two screws back in. However, the repair seems successful and my phone is working now. Additional guidance on installing the battery would help.
The new battery that I have had air pocket in it. It kinda bloated. The logic board would not fit back perfectly because of the bloated battery.
So using a sharp cutter, I cut a bit hole. Pssssttt... the air came out. Watch out for the chemical smell. Using a good tape, tape back the hole. Double did that to make sure.
Don't know whether I supposed to do that or not, but sending back the battery to ifixit was not an option as I live on the other side of the planet.
any one can help me fix my iphone 3g. i was using it the other day when it suddenly turned off by itself and i cant turn it back on, any tips?
OK, I replaced the battery following the instructions (was more of a struggle than I thought it would be to get the logic board back in place) and put it all back together. All appears to be working fine except the Camera. The Camera App will not open the camera to let me take either a photo video. As the camera is never disconnected from the logic board I am puzzled as to what could be the issue. Very frustrating. Any ideas?
Remove the two Phillips #00 screws securing the on/off switch to the front bezel.
Im stuck at reassembling the power on/off button after replacing the jack connector, for me its the most difficult part because it can be assembled partially wrong and then it won't turn it on. Could anyone post some more details about it ? for instance how the button itself should be placed and what screw should be used, by mistake I had some screws mixed and now I don't recognize which one should be used. THANKS!
Always test the button after replacement, if its not moving freely, loosen both sides or take one screw out, and refit, its like the mute switch, sometime it takes a few times of refitting to get it right. On new cases, especially the OEM kind, you might have to "scrape" a bit of the plastic where the button goes through to get it to move more freely.
Hi guys!
I have set of new screws here an I need to sort them - I can't find any specifications on the two screws mentioned here. How long are the two screws for the "on/off"-swith exactly? Thanks for the hlep, this website is great!
Remove the following 4 screws:
Three 1.8 mm Phillips #00 screws securing the headphone jack and GPS antenna to the rear case. Note the order in which you remove the screws, as the left one has a slightly larger head.
One 3.8 mm Phillips #00 screw in the plastic loop near the headphone jack.
Can somebody say me, if the screw (1.8 mm) on the left side is very important? I lost this screw? What is the function of this screw?
I can't get the orange screw loose from the headphone jack. It continuously spins, but never pops up from the assembly. I can't use tweezers to get at it because despite unscrewing it forever, the head never comes away. How do I fix this?
Try to lever the screw's head with a flat screwdriver or a knife, so you can force it outwards while you screw it lose. That usually works with stripped screws.
Remove the four Phillips #00 screws securing the volume and mute switch.
The mute switch assembly screws should be tightened with the switch in the off position. Check the protrusion of the switch when turned on, since it may not stick out far enough to operate if the switch assembly is incorrectly positioned. (Check the gap between the switch frame and the bezel (white gap showing between the two screws near the 6). The screw on the far right is slightly longer than the other 3 screws. When reassembling the phone, keep this in mind.
by the time you are removing the vibrate button, you should check this to be in ¨off¨ position, as is a small part and is a very triky situation re-assembling this, it fits back, it doesnt matter if is on or off so you will realise this by the time you have the iPhone completed and couldnt use the button, result, open again and correct it.
Hi All,
I continue on my iPhone build and I fix one part and seem to break another.
After stripping it all down I then put it all back together but now my lock button doesnt work.
Any ideas?
I followed the tutorial and the rest of the buttons on the ribbon all work.
What could of happened?
When reassembling I found the screwhole for the longer screw (on the right) was full of glue. I used a hot pin to get the worst of it out.
Hi guys!
I have set of new screws here an I need to sort them - I can't find more detailled specifications on the four screws mentioned here. How long are the screws for the sound-swith exactly? How long is the "slightly longer" screw on the far right? Thanks for the hlep, this website is great!
Carefully lift the headphone jack assembly out of the iPhone.
Switch the green mute switch down (towards the back side of the iPhone) into mute position. This will make it much easier to insert it, once the new mute button is in place.
This is a great guide in helping you dismantle the phone and to remove the existing assembly, however the bit that's actually difficult is not covered, which is installing the new one...when a get a few more minutes I'll write a detailed description of how I did this is and the things to watch out for (it took me bloody ages). Any questions in the meantime feel free to message me!
Citazione da Joe Fleming:
This is a great guide in helping you dismantle the phone and to remove the existing assembly, however the bit that's actually difficult is not covered, which is installing the new one...when a get a few more minutes I'll write a detailed description of how I did this is and the things to watch out for (it took me bloody ages). Any questions in the meantime feel free to message me!
Would love to read your writeup and tips for installing the replacement. Thanks, Bernard
Joe, I'd really appreciate any advice/instruction on that most complicated part of the operation! Seems to be nowhere on the net that gives this info. I've taken the iPhone to pieces and put it back together as the part I had and the part it's meant to be replace just looked worlds apart (though they were identical on closer inspection).
Sure others here would love to know as well.
iggy1967 *at* hotmail.com
I'm having a hard time reversing this process. I've got the switch set to "off" and I think I've got everything in the right spot, put a few screws back in, and the switch sits flush against the side the case, instead of coming out a bit. Being flush it's switch it on and off. Any suggestions? Please!
Guys, I really need help! I've managed everything -including replacing all the plastics etc. onto the new headphone replacement and it's all almost ready to go ...apart from the power button!! How the devil do you fit it back on?? I've tried every combination and am staggered that i can't find a single resource online that covers this.
I'd be in your debt if you could help -and I'm sure there are others here too who'd appreciate it!
Power button is a little funny. The button itself has that metal "swing" (for lack of a better word) to it. If you push the "swing" as far as you can from side to side, you'll notice it doesn't move as far from one side to the other. So we'll call these the 'short side' and 'long side'.
The button goes into the back of the phone with the 'long side' of the swing faces the back of the phone. So when you put it in, the metal swing will be facing down, fitting into the grove in the back plate.
The switch with the 2 screws just fit over top of it. It doesn't seem like it would work, but put them in and try the button. It should give you the 'click' and normal feedback you'd expect.
Clear as mud?
I have taken everything apart but cannot figure out how to release the ribbon from the vibrate button? How does this part come off and how does the new one go on?
From what I remember, the ribbon doesn't come off from the vibrate button or volume button. I believe it's one piece when you go to replace it. Someone might be able to correct me though.
Well after all that my problem persists.
the iPod plays fine through the speakers, but sounds faraway in headphones -almost as if mono through both cans.
I've tried adaptors, three sets of headphones and am a little frustrated that even managing to replace the jack hasn't solved this.
There's nothing online anywhere about this problem, so...who out there has some ideas on what it could be? I'm foxed.
Heya, I followed the guide to replace mute button. Everything went fine until I put it together and tried to start it up. iPhone just shows apple log and it dissapears after 5 seconds. Nothing happens. Any suggestion?
Hey Michael, so did you find a solution for this problem. I have the same Problem: Pressing PowerButton, Display turns on, Apple Logo ... and thats all? What should I do?
By the way: When I pflug in the iPhone with my mac: Itunes could Sync my iPhone and iphoto see all the photos, which are on the camera roll. But I cannot use my phone: I only see the apple on the Display.
On my replacement part, there were two small plastic posts on the back of the switch. Looking at the one I'm replacing and the new one, it seemed as if they needed to be squashed, but I found the solution with a soldering iron. If you carefully melt the two posts with a broad tip, you create a much firmer bond between the switch itself and the metal shoe it fits on.
For me, two questions are not answered yet in this step:
It is only possible to buy a flex cable without the microswitch and the metal housing of ring/vibrate-Button. So:
1. How can I remove the small switch from the old flex cable? Only by pulling out?
2. How do I remove the metal housing? Pulling out the old plastic posts is sufficient?
Once the headphone jack assembly has been removed from the phone, you must remove the three brackets attached to the assembly. Pay close attention to the orientation of these brackets in relation to the small adhesive tabs on the assembly so that you can properly adhere the brackets to your replacement assembly.
The headphone jack slides backwards slightly before you can lift it out. Installation should push the jack down then slide into place.
I had some trouble getting the mute switch/rocker to function properly, as a couple others have mentioned. There is only one way it will work properly: Make sure the mute rocker is in the muted position with the red dot visible before you re-install the bracket. The switch that you stuck to the bracket by removing the tape backing must also be in the muted position (pushed down toward the back of the case). The tip of the switch fits into a hole in the rocker. If it isn't in the hole, moving the mute rocker will dislodge the taped switch from the bracket. Take your time with this step and make sure the mute rocker feels normal before attaching anything else (phone jack, power button, etc.). Good luck!
This guide doesn't cover installing the new vibrate switch that comes as part of a new ribbon cable assembly, so a quick couple of things to note:
1) The vibrate/silent switch on the end of the ribbon cable is secured in place by a solid metal bracket. This bracket holds the switch against the outer plastic vibrate/silent rocker. When you pull out the old ribbon cable assembly, the metal bracket will come with, it is welded on by plastic lugs on the back of the switch. Don't fear, if you have a soldering iron you can melt these away and gently pull off the old switch and ribbon cable assembly.
2) Installing the new switch/ribbon cable assembly is a bit tricky. The back of the new switch should have an adhesive pad and two fresh plastic lugs. Stick the switch onto the bracket to hold it in place and then carefully melt the plastic lugs down with the flat of the soldering iron to weld the switch in place. Be careful not to apply too much heat to the switch, and don't burn your fingers! It's pretty fiddly to hold. You will want to ensure the switch is firmly welded on, otherwise there will be some play in the vibrate switch action.
Lift the mute button out of the iPhone.
To reassemble your device, follow these instructions in reverse order.
To reassemble your device, follow these instructions in reverse order.
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At the core of Keller Williams Realty is a conviction that who you are in business with matters. We believe that the company we keep can contribute to our lives in untold ways. To help cement this understanding, we've formalized a belief system called the WI4C2TES that guides how we treat each other and how we do business.
Win-Win: or no deal
Integrity: do the right thing
Customers: always come first
Commitment: in all things
Communication: seek first to understand
Creativity: ideas before results
Teamwork: together everyone achieves more
Trust: starts with honesty
Equity: opportunities for allSuccess: results through people
Our MissionTo build careers worth having, businesses worth owning, lives worth living, experiences worth giving, and legacies worth leaving.
Our VisionTo be the real estate company of choice for agents and their customers.
Our ValuesGod, Family, then Business.
Our Perspective
A technology company that provides the real estate platform that our agents' buyers and sellers prefer. Keller Williams thinks like a top producer, acts like a trainer-consultant, and focuses all its activities on service, productivity, and profitability.


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Musical Rations 19: Look Out. Look Forward. (Plus Radio DMG Rewind)
In This Episode: Hey! What's a superb way to start your day? Getting down to the business of being awesome. And right now, we are going to be awesome. This is the first Musical Rations episode to officially be the … Continue reading
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In Nebraska, along the Platte River, it's uranium. In Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, it's arsenic. In California, boron. And in the Texas Panhandle, lithium.
Throughout the nation, metals and other elements are tainting private drinking water wells at concentrations that pose a health concern.
For one element – manganese – contamination is so widespread that water wells with excessive levels are found in all but just a few states. Arsenic, too, is a national problem, scattered in every region.
In the first national effort to monitor wells for two dozen trace elements, geologists have discovered that 13 percent of untreated drinking water contains at least one element at a concentration that exceeds federal health regulations or guidelines. That rate far outpaces other contaminants in well water, including industrial chemicals and pesticides.
For public wells, the discovery is less of a concern, since water suppliers regularly test for contaminants and remove them to comply with federal standards. The most troubling finding involves the widespread contamination of private wells, which are unmonitored and unregulated.
"It was a bit surprising how many of these trace elements had exceedances of human health benchmarks, especially compared to other contaminants we are often concerned about," said Joseph Ayotte, a hydrologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, which conducted the research. "The findings certainly underscore the message we hear from the public health agencies, that everyone should test their wells for a suite of trace elements."
An estimated 15 million U.S. households – about 60 million people – regularly depend on private water wells, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most private well owners occasionally test for bacteria, but rarely, if ever, test for anything else.
Nearly half of all drinking water in the country comes from ground water, and usage is increasing worldwide as freshwater supplies from rivers are running low and encumbered by bitter feuds.
"Ground water is very important. It's the invisible link to our water supply that people don't really think about," said David Wunsch, director of science and technology at the National Ground Water Assn. "It's underground – out of sight, out of mind – and that's exactly why we've come across the pollution problems we have."
The geologists tested more than 5,000 wells in 40 aquifers for 23 elements – all metals and metal-like substances – plus radon.
Drier regions of the country, mostly in the West, had more wells with excessive trace elements than humid regions, and urban areas had more than agricultural areas.
"Wells with human health benchmark exceedances were widespread across the United States; they occurred in all aquifer groups and in both humid and dry regions," the report says.
Arsenic, uranium and manganese most frequently exceeded either health standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency or health-based guidelines developed by the USGS and the EPA.Arsenic, radon and chromium are carcinogens, uranium and cadmium can damage kidneys andmanganese might have neurological effects. Boron might lead to smaller fetuses and damage to male reproductive organs, while barium can cause high blood pressure and lithium can suppress the thyroid.
"Trace elements are a widespread chronic health problem," Wunsch said. "It's not like something that's really dramatic where people will get sick right away, but the public needs to be informed more. Some of the things listed here – arsenic, barium, lead, cadmium, for example – can be toxic in small quantities."
Wunsch said people usually test their well water only when it tastes funny or smells bad. "Private well water is not regulated like the public water supply is. So it's up to the homeowner to take care of it himself," he said.
Mary McClintock has been drinking well water since she bought her home in Conway, Mass., 27 years ago. "I remember having the well tested before buying the house, and perhaps at one other time early on," she said.
McClintock said she has no health concerns about her water, although a friend who lives in Leverett 15 miles away discovered his well water had excessive arsenic after he tested it at the recommendation of state officials. He and his family now drink bottled water.
"Why haven't I tested my well? No particular reason except assuming it is a deep well and not in danger of contamination," she said.
The USGS maps show that arsenic is mostly a problem in parts of New England east of where McClintock lives. But geologists say that it's a misconception to believe that deeper wells are safer. Elements can be found at any depth, and some, like arsenic, are even worse in deeper wells.
"We actually anticipate that deeper wells should have more arsenic than shallow ones based on the geochemistry of mobilization of arsenic. But high concentrations can occur at any depth if the geochemical conditions are right," Ayotte said. Sand and gravel soils are most conducive to contamination, which also depends on factors such as pH and climate.
Overall, 19 percent of the 5,183 untreated public, private and monitoring wells exceeded the health-based levels. When private drinking water wells were separated from the pack, 13 percent exceeded the health standards or guidelines.
But that national average is a bit deceptive, since some regions have a far greater frequency of problems. Hot spots for elements are congregated in clusters.
Eastern New England, for example, has a cluster of high arsenic concentrations. "What we did not know was how to connect the dots in New England states," Ayotte said. "It became apparent [in the new study] that the high arsenic values formed a contiguous belt between three states, Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts."
They also found that manganese is "widespread but more prevalent in the East. It's similar with arsenic, you can find it almost anywhere at high levels," said Ayotte, lead author of the USGS study, also authored by Jo Ann Gronberg and Lori Apodaca.
Other arsenic hot spots include the Sacramento and Los Angeles regions of California, western Nevada, the Phoenix area, the Texas Panhandle and New Mexico along the Rio Grande, according to the new study's maps. Others are found in Illinois, Ohio, south Florida and New Jersey.
"Arsenic is definitely a national problem with a local flavor," Ayotte said.
The EPA has set enforceable drinking water standards for 11 trace elements, what Wunsch called "the really nasty ones." But others, including manganese, have only USGS guidelines based on a small number of health studies.Most elements found in ground water are derived from natural sources, since they are part of the Earth's crust. But even though the source is overwhelmingly natural, "the conditions that make it go into the water are not always natural," Ayotte said. Elements can contaminate water from farms, urban runoff, mining and factories, either directly or by altering aquifer conditions to mobilize them in rocks and soil.
Private wells are not subject to federal standards because there are tens of millions of them, which would make it unenforceable.
Instead, EPA officials said in response to the new findings that people should test their private wells "if they suspect possible contamination." The new USGS maps are useful for well owners who want to check the hot spots.
Testing a well for arsenic costs as little as $15 to $30, while treatment systems for removing arsenic cost $1,200 to $3,000, according to the Massachusetts Dept. of Environmental Protection.
The report notes that elements "far outpace" other pollutants, many of which get far more public attention. The 19 percent compares with 7 percent for nitrates and 1 to 2 percent for pesticides and volatile organic compounds, based on previous USGS research.
"We often get more upset about these anthropogenic contaminants but we have to remember that these naturally occurring elements are oftentimes more of a widespread problem," Ayotte said. "Not to diminish the importance of the others, but trace elements are also hugely important and arguably more so."
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November 1, 2007
Google-Difficult Words
We'll call a word or expression Google-difficult if the search results page shows an inline revision for "dictionary". That means many people who searched for that word changed the query to "dictionary" to find its meaning in a dictionary. Some examples: conceptual, tentative, salient, lucrative. Because Google's results change all the time, a word that was Google-difficult at some point will not lose its quality even if it doesn't return an inline revision for "dictionary".
Can you find other Google-difficult words? Use an English interface for Google.
15 comments:
How about esoteric? Fits, I suppose.ReplyDelete
Here's a few more:ReplyDelete
What's interesting is that while 'pernicious' isn't Google-hard, it is Google-drillable. :)
- Chris
- AnonymousNovember 1, 2007 at 2:59 PM
It seems that the implication is these sites would be a good place to search for your original term. Might be handy to just inline a list of site specific queries for the original term.ReplyDelete
fab... :) can they please now split the stock so i can get a foot in! :)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 5, 2007 at 7:21 AM
I've found biasedReplyDelete
- AnonymousFebruary 18, 2008 at 9:13 AM
How about xanthosis.ReplyDelete
"infer" does it alsoReplyDelete
- AnonymousJuly 6, 2008 at 12:05 PM
hell... pulchritudinous, xanthic, thaumaturge, lugubrious, my favourite.. surreptitious, lackadaisical and so onReplyDelete
what about goofy, word, relactation, sufishant, liquor?ReplyDelete
- AnonymousFebruary 11, 2009 at 5:29 AM
words - splendiferous ,buoyant,penurious ,pennillessReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 17, 2009 at 6:01 PM
what i think is hard is mississippi but i can say really fastReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 17, 2009 at 6:02 PM
my friend thinks decliration is hard but i dont think i typed it right but i dont really care it is a hard word to typeReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 17, 2009 at 6:19 PM
it depends if you are a good speller some words like this and should they could be hard for people but mississippi and speflinaiont could be easy it is all about if you can spell or not.:)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 17, 2009 at 6:21 PM
it depends if you are a good speller some words like this and should they could be hard for people but mississippi and speflinaiont could be easy it is all about if you can spell or not.:)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 24, 2011 at 4:07 AM
i think this is the hardest chlorofluorocarbon'sReplyDelete


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US: No Change in Afghan Strategy After Shooting Spree
Dan Robinson | White House March 12, 2012
As the U.S. military investigates the shooting deaths of 16 Afghan civilians allegedly by a U.S. soldier, the White House is emphasizing the importance of pressing ahead with President Barack Obama's overall strategy and timetable in Afghanistan.
The house-to-house shooting spree, allegedly by a U.S. Army staff sergeant, was the latest blow to an already fragile U.S.-Afghanistan relationship.
In his telephone call on Sunday to Afghan President Hamid Karzai, President Obama called the incident tragic and shocking, adding that it did not represent the "exceptional character" of the U.S. military or the "respect that the U.S. has for the people of Afghanistan."
The incident came only a few weeks after apparently accidental burning of Qurans at a U.S. military base in Afghanistan. The deadly demonstrations that followed resulted in the shooting deaths of six U.S. soldiers by Afghan counterparts.
White House Press Secretary Jay Carney on Monday referred to the U.S. military's investigation. After the Quran burning incident last month, President Obama apologized to Afghanistan's people. And Carney said America's overall strategy remains on track.
"I am sure there will be discussions ongoing between U.S. military leaders as well as civilian leaders in Afghanistan and the Afghan government in the wake of this incident. But our strategic objectives have not changed and they will not change," Carney said.
Carney said the situation in Afghanistan is difficult, with significant challenges for U.S. troops. But, he said, U.S. and NATO forces are there to enhance American security interests by disrupting, dismantling and ultimately defeating al-Qaida.
The United States and its NATO partners have set 2014 as the target date for ending their combat mission in Afghanistan, while seeking to turn over security responsibilities to Afghan government forces more quickly before then.
Asked whether President Obama is concerned that the latest incident places Americans in Afghanistan in jeopardy, Carney said Mr. Obama is always very concerned about the welfare and well-being of U.S. civilians and members of the military.
Pentagon spokesman George Little called the shooting incident "deplorable," but said such incidents are isolated. He said the United States will pursue what he called "accountability actions" to the fullest extent, but stressed continuity in the Afghan war effort.
"The reality is that our fundamental strategy is not changing. There has been a series of troubling incidents recently, but no one should think that we are steering away from our partnership with the Afghan people, from our partnership with the Afghan national security forces, and from our commitment to prosecute the war effort," Little said.
The shooting rampage came as a Washington Post-ABC News public opinion survey found that 55 percent of Americans say they believe most Afghans oppose U.S. objectives there, with 54 percent favoring a U.S. withdrawal, even before Afghan forces are self-sufficient.
Under an order President Obama gave last year, about 33,000 U.S. troops are due to leave Afghanistan by the end of this year.
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'Avengers: Infinity War' scores second best weekend 2 ever
LOS ANGELES– After breaking opening weekend records, "Avengers: Infinity War" continued to dominate in its second weekend in theaters, but alternative programming like the romantic comedy "Overboard" also found an audience in what has historically been considered the "official" kick-off to the summer movie season.
The Walt Disney Co. said Sunday that "Avengers: Infinity War" will gross an estimated $112.5 million from North American theaters over the weekend, becoming the second highest grossing film in weekend two behind "Star Wars: The Force Awakens"' $149.2 million and just slightly ahead of "Black Panther" ($111.7 million).
It's a 56 percent drop from its first weekend in theaters – less steep than the second weekend fall of "Avengers: Age of Ultron" (59.4 percent) or "Captain America: Civil War" (59.5 percent), but more than "Black Panther's" uniquely soft 44.7 percent sophomore weekend decline.
"We're in uncharted territory again," said comScore senior media analyst Paul Dergarabedian. "This is a second weekend number that many films would aspire to have on opening weekend."
Globally, "Avengers: Infinity War" has now grossed over $1.2 billion and become the first film ever to cross the $1 billion mark in 11 days of release, and it has yet to even open in China.
There was little new competition this weekend in the blockbuster space, although there were a handful of other options, like "Overboard," which came in a very distant second to "Avengers," but still made a notable splash for a film its size.
MGM and Lionsgate's Pantelion Films' gender-swapped remake of Garry Marshall's 1987 comedy, "Overboard" scored the highest-grossing opening weekend for Pantelion Films with a better-than-expected $14.8 million from 1,623 theaters. It's already surpassed its modest mid-teens production budget.
Pantelion Films CEO Paul Presburger and Jonathan Glickman, president of the Motion Picture Group at MGM, both attribute the success to the star-power of Eugenio Derbez ("Instructions Not Included," "How to be a Latin Lover") who helped developed the bilingual remake with an American star (Anna Faris) to appeal not just to his Hispanic fan base but all audiences.
The cast, including Derbez and Eva Longoria, helped promote the film on their social media accounts too.
"It's great to have a large base especially in the wake of `Avengers,"' Presburger said. "We have a movie out there that plays to families and all audiences that should have success into Mother's Day and onwards."
Although critics were not especially won over by "Overboard," audiences gave the film a more favorable A- CinemaScore.
Third place went to "A Quiet Place," which has grossed $159.9 million in five weeks in theaters, and fourth place to "I Feel Pretty," now up to $37.8 million in weekend three. "Rampage" rounded out the top five with $4.6 million, bumping its domestic total to $84.8 million.
In sixth place, "Tully," starring Charlize Theron, launched on 1,353 screens with $3.2 million. It's the third collaboration between director Jason Reitman and screenwriter Diablo Cody, the team behind "Juno," and their second with Theron, who also starred in their film "Young Adult."
Hollywood's summer movie season typically runs from the first weekend in May through Labor Day, but this year got a jump-start with the late April release of "Avengers: Infinity War."
"This was not the strongest weekend ever in terms of the official kick-off of the summer season, but we could be looking at a record May ultimately," Dergarabedian said, noting upcoming releases like "Deadpool 2" (May 18) and "Solo: A Star Wars Story" (May 25). "This weekend just shows how the strategy of release dates is changing how the box office plays out."
Estimated ticket sales for Friday through Sunday at U.S. and Canadian theaters, according to comScore. Where available, the latest international numbers for Friday through Sunday are also included. Final domestic figures will be released Monday.
1. "Avengers: Infinity War," $112.5 million ($162.6 million international).
2. "Overboard," $14.8 million.
3. "A Quiet Place," $7.6 million ($4.1 million international).
4. "I Feel Pretty," $4.9 million ($3.2 million international).
5. "Rampage," $4.6 million ($13.7 million international).
6. "Tully," $3.2 million ($200,000 international).
7. "Black Panther," $3.1 million ($390,000 international).
8. "Truth or Dare," $1.9 million ($5.7 million international).
9. "Super Troopers 2," $1.8 million ($90,000 international).
10. "Bad Samaritan," $1.8 million.
Estimated ticket sales for Friday through Sunday at international theaters (excluding the U.S. and Canada), according to comScore:
1."Avengers: Infinity War," $162.6 million.
2."Us And Them," $27 million.
3."Rampage," $13.7 million.
4."A or B," $11.1 million.
5."Baahubali: The Conclusion," $7.9 million.
6."Ready Player One," $6.3 million.
7."Truth or Dare," $5.7 million.
8."Champion," $5.5 million.
9."102 Not Out," $3.4 million.
10."I Feel Pretty," $3.2 million.