text:
CLEVELAND -- Drumroll, please...
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has unleashed its nominees eligible for induction in 2017.
Its list is bursting with 19 nominations, including several first-time contenders like Journey, Tupac Shakur and Pearl Jam.
Those selected for induction will be announced in December after being chosen by a committee of more than 800 people, including former inductees, historians and members of the music industry.
Fans can have their say, too, by casting a ballot for their picks. CLICK HERE TO VOTE.
The 2017 induction ceremony will be held in New York City in April. Inductions return to Cleveland in 2018.
Did your favorite make the list? Find out all 19 nominees below...
First time nominated
For four decades, Bad Brains have inspired artists from the Beastie Boys and Henry Rollins to Lauryn Hill and Living Colour with their unique mix of breakneck-paced hardcore punk and dubby reggae. The group, whose members met each other in high school, formed as a progressive jazz band in a Washington, D.C. suburb in 1977 under the name Mind Power; after they saw Ramones and the Clash live, they focused their energy on punk and renamed themselves after Ramones' "Bad Brain." The group – singer H.R., guitarist Dr. Know, bassist Darryl Jenifer and drummer Earl Hudson – also took inspiration from seeing Bob Marley live and began exploring reggae, figuring if punk and reggae could live together on the same stage at concerts in London, they could live side by side in Bad Brains' music.
In 1980, they released their "Satisfaction": a lightning-fast renunciation of materialism. "We'd listen to the Ramones and the Dickies and the Clash, but we'd speed it up and listen to it on 78 [RPM]," H.R. once said. "We decided to come up with the tunes, but faster and with a more positive edge. So we came up with our own original style." The lyrics to later songs would showcase what H.R. called a "PMA," a positive mental attitude, a concept he'd learned from reading author Napoleon Hill's revolutionary self-help book Think And Grow Rich.
The positivity worked, and soon they were playing bigger stages and inspiring the mainstream. Bad Brains released Rock For Light, produced by the Cars' Ric Okasek, in 1983. Within the decade, they'd embrace heavy-metal sounds and sign to a major label, eventually putting out 1995's God Of Love on Madonna's Maverick label. The Beastie Boys' Adam Yauch, who once called Bad Brains' self-titled LP the "best punk-hardcore album of all time," would also produce their 2007 LP Build A Nation. They released their most recent album, Into The Future, to positive reviews in 2012.
Second time nominated
Founded in Boston in 1976 by singer-guitarist-songwriter Ric Ocasek and singer-bassist Benjamin Orr, the Cars were the ultimate New Wave dream machine: a hook-savvy super-charged quintet that fused 60s pop, 70s glam and avant-rock minimalism into a decade of dashboard-radio nirvana.
The band has a connection to Northeast Ohio as Orr was born in Lakewood on Sept. 8, 1947. He died Oct. 3, 2000 in Atlanta and is laid to rest locally at Saint Patrick Cemetery in Geauga County's Thompson Township.
Their epic ride of 13 Top 40 singles across six classic studio albums – including four straight Top 10 LPs – drove the fury and intellectual adventure of punk rock out of the underground, firmly and forever into the American mainstream.
Former hippie-folk compatriots, Ocasek and Orr were a natural yin-yang; Orr polished the terse, melodic grip and experimental vigor in Ocasek's songs with vocal-dreamboat magnetism. Guitarist Elliott Easton's rockabilly and surf-rock flourishes, Greg Hawkes' ingenious keyboard science and drummer David Robinson's futurist-Charlie Watts backbeat completed the design, already honed to maximum appeal on the Cars' 1978 self-titled debut album. That record's first three tracks, "Good Times Roll," "My Best Friend's Girl" and "Just What I Needed," were all hit singles.
Heartbeat City was the Cars' commercial apex, a Number 3 album that featured the ravishing ballad, "Drive," sung by Orr with broken-heart perfection. The group broke up in the late 80s. But the Cars' visionary bravado was evident in the 90s alternative-rock boom.
Nirvana played "My Best Friend's Girl" at their last-ever show in 1994, while Ocasek became a producer-of-choice for younger bands such as Weezer and Bad Religion. Orr's death seemed to end any hope for a Cars reunion – until 2011, when the surviving members issued Move Like This, a new studio album that proved the Cars always sound like this year's model, in every decade.
Second solo nomination
Chaka Khan (born Yvette Stevens in Chicago) came to prominence with the innovative funk/rock group Rufus in the 1970s. At a time when audiences for rock and soul were splitting into different camps, Khan's voice represented the racial and social integration at the heart of rock and roll.
With her incredible vocal range and mastery of dynamics, Khan has recorded durable and powerful music through four decades. Rufus recorded several excellent albums and had a long run of hits. She broke out on her own in 1978 with Ashford & Simpson's "I'm Every Woman," where she successfully mixed rock and disco. She continued to master the rhythms of every era from rock to funk to hip hop.
Throughout her career, Khan has also showcased her jazz roots on albums like Echoes Of An Era (1982). Her finest solo album, 1984's I Feel For You, was a creative and exciting mix of funk, synth dance rhythms and hip hop on Prince's title track and the stunning ballad "Through The Fire."
And she has remained one of the most prolific and eclectic singers around, covering songbook standards and soul classics to equal acclaim and earning the 2008 Grammy for best R&B album with Funk This. Few stars offer such convincing proof that in rock and roll, grit and grace can co-exist harmoniously.
Eleventh time nominated
Chic's founding partnership consisted of songwriter-producer-guitarist Nile Rodgers and bassist Bernard Edwards (1952-1996), abetted by future Power Station drummer Tony Thompson (1954-2003). They rescued disco in 1977 with a combination of groove, soul and distinctly New York City studio smarts. Rodgers' chopping rhythm guitar alongside Edwards' deft bass lines were the perfect counterpart to melodic arrangements with their two female vocalists Alfa Anderson and Norma Jean Wright (replaced by Luci Martin).
Out-of-the-box chart smashes "Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)," the Number One "Le Freak" and Number One "Good Times" (ranked on Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Singles Of All Time") made Chic the preeminent disco band – emphasis on the word 'band' – of the late 70s. Their music also extended disco's tenure at a critical moment, as hip-hop (and later in the 80s, new jack swing) began to take the stage.
Over the years, artists such as Sugar Hill Gang and Diddy have turned to Chic for beats and samples: "Good Times" has been checked everywhere from "Rapper's Delight" and Blondie's "Rapture," to Queen's "Another One Bites The Dust." Rodgers and Edwards followed their five years in Chic with careers as top-flight producers for an A-list of megastars. Under Rodgers' leadership, Chic has continued to tour, releasing live performances of its shows in Japan and Amsterdam.
First time nominated
How does any band remain at the cutting edge for over three decades? Depeche Mode have spent their long and unique career exploring new realms of postpunk, electronic textures and futuristic industrial sounds, with one of the all-time charismatic frontmen in Dave Gahan and a songwriting legend in Martin Gore.
Depeche Mode burst from the U.K. town of Basildon in 1981 with the New Romantic synth-blast of Speak And Spell, as tunesmith Vince Clarke brought his sense of pop classicism to the dance floor in hits like "Just Can't Get Enough" and "Dreaming Of Me." When Clarke left the group (to make inventive records with his groups Yaz and Erasure), Gore stepped up to become one of his generation's most influential songwriters, with his own black-leather blend of existential despair, erotic kink, political bite and sly wit. Depeche Mode built a diehard cult – and helped invent the goth subculture – with groundbreaking hits like "Master And Servant" (1985), "Stripped" (1986), "A Question Of Lust" (1986) and "Never Let Me Down Again" (1987) – while their electro reboot of "Route 66" showed off their wry take on the R&B verities. Black Celebration (1986) and Music For The Masses (1987) led to Depeche Mode's masterwork Violator (1990), blending ominous synths with rock guitar for classics like "Personal Jesus" and "Enjoy The Silence." Their newfound flair for the blues exploded in the goth-grunge swamp gospel of 1993's Songs Of Faith And Devotion ("Walking In My Shoes"), as well as, recent global hits like Playing The Angel (2005) and Delta Machine (2013).
Depeche Mode have kept evolving through the Nineties and beyond, remaining a legendarily fearsome live act across the planet, with a foot in the underground and another in the club – but always with an eye on the future.
First time nominated
Electric Light Orchestra, or more popularly known as ELO, were formed in Birmingham England in 1970 when Jeff Lynne and Roy Wood, members of The Move, had the vision to start a new project that would create modern rock and pop songs with classical overtones. Joined by fellow Move member Bev Bevan, their mission was clear – to pick up where the Beatles left off and carry the torch. And they did just that. Their first single "10538 Overture," released in 1972, is an unabashed homage to the Beatles, a heavily orchestrated psychedelic gem that sounded like their musical answer to "I Am The Walrus." Roy Wood left ELO later that year, leaving Lynne as the band's sole creative force, and he took them to both creative and commercial heights. Their fourth album Eldorado, A Symphony, a concept record about a daydreamer, yielded their first US top 10 single "Can't Get It Out Of My Head" and became the band's first gold album. The two albums that followed produced four top 20 hits - "Evil Woman," "Strange Magic," "Livin' Thing" and "Telephone Line" – that are all still classic rock radio mainstays. Their next album was their most ambitious yet, the multi-platinum selling double LP Out Of The Blue, that featured three more hit singles, including the ever popular "Mr. Blue Sky," and a grandiose tour highlighted by the now famous spaceship stage complete with fog machines and laser displays that made ELO a must-see concert. All told, ELO has sold over 50 million records worldwide and between 1972 and 1986, Jeff Lynne wrote and produced twenty-six Top 40 hits in the UK and twenty in the US. Their legacy is still growing and their success continues today, with Jeff Lynne's ELO selling out huge shows around the world, and their timeless songs have become staples for music fans of all generations. John Lennon once famously referred to the band as "sons of the Beatles," but more than 40 years later, it is clear that ELO have carved out their own unique place in rock history.
First time nominated
Jane's Addiction is the Sex Pistols of the Alternative Nation, a band with a small but brilliant catalog of songs and a shocking, groundbreaking ethos that changed music forever.
In mid-'80s Los Angeles, hair metal was king. The bands playing the Sunset Strip all looked the same, sounded the same, pouted the same. Jane's Addiction were different – like a punk rock Led Zeppelin providing all the testosterone-fueled guitars that were required, mixed in with gorgeous acoustic songs and completely original underground artistry.
Stephen Perkins' tribal whirlwind of drumming propelled Jane's Addiction's music into directions other bands could only dream of. Eric Avery's murderously heavy bass grooves form the backbone of some of the most badass riffs of all time, courtesy of Dave Navarro—whose wild, astral solos gave metalheads a reason to love the group, and challenged indie rock snobs to deal with the presence of an undeniably great rock guitarist in a underground band. And Perry Farrell—a former heroin addict who once spent time living in his car near the beach—is unlike any other frontman, singer or lyricist in the history of rock. Perry's voice, sometimes child-like and innocent, sometimes bone-chillingly urgent, pulled gorgeous, twisted melodies out of thin air while he spun deep and true poetic tales of life in L.A. The frontman presided as the furious Santeria shaman over Jane Addiction's legendary live shows and singlehandedly forged the Lollapalooza Nation. By smashing barriers between genres, bringing the fringe into the mainstream, and allowing rockers and rappers to share the same stage for the first time, Lollapalooza created the template for every single rock festival that followed.
Jane's Addiction sounds like the city in which it was formed. You can hear the violence, the drugs, the beauty, the ocean, the hope, smog, fear and redemptive power of Los Angeles in the band's music. Various important groups get credit for being the first "alternative" band to break through. Let's set the record straight: The real pioneer was "Juanes Adicción."
Second time nominated
"No, my first name ain't 'Baby,' it's Janet – Miss Jackson, if you're nasty." With innovation and bravado, Janet Jackson brushed aside the challenges of being a superstar's sibling and became one of pop music's dominant figures.
The youngest member of the Jackson clan, she was first in the spotlight as a child actress on the TV series Good Times and Fame. But it was with the five-times-platinum Control album in 1986 that she staked her claim as an R&B powerhouse. Working with the visionary production team of Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, she fused melodic dance-pop with more aggressive beats, influenced by industrial and hip hop sounds, and helped usher in the new jack swing era.
Jackson became a juggernaut as she explored themes of social justice and daring sexuality in her lyrics. With more than 160 million records sold, she is one of the best-selling artists in history, and she still holds the record for the most consecutive Top 10 hits on the Billboard Hot 100 by a female artist with 18.
Jackson's sonic and visual style loom large over the generation that followed, including Beyoncé, Britney Spears, Lady Gaga and Rihanna – as evidenced in the last few months by the likes of J. Cole and Missy Elliott contributing to her latest singles.
Fourth time nominated
Those who know the J. Geils Band only for their MTV era hits ("Love Stinks," "Centerfold," "Freeze Frame") don't know the J. Geils Band at all. During the long years between the demise of the Butterfield Blues Band and Mitch Ryder's Detroit Wheels and the rise of Bruce Springsteen, Bob Seger and Tom Petty, the J. Geils Band kept alive a joyful and very American brand of R&B-based rock and roll.
Led by Jerome Geils' blues guitar and Magic Dick's virtuoso harp, the bedrock rhythm of bassist Danny Klein and drummer Stephen Jo Bladd, keyboard player/composer Seth Justman, and the inexhaustible Peter Wolf up front, Geils was a party band with heart, brains and a wide range of styles – from deep blues ("Serve You Right To Suffer") to soul ("Looking For A Love"), doo-wop ("I Do") and funk ("Flame Thrower"). The band could write a country song so convincing it was covered by Gram Parsons and Emmylou Harris ("Cry One More Time") and even came up with the first U.S. reggae hit ("Give It To Me"). With 1977's Monkey Island and 1978's Sanctuary the bad boys from Boston explored darker themes before going for a streamlined, radio-friendly sound with Love Stinks (1980) and Freeze Frame (1981), which hit number one on both the U.S. singles and album charts. Shortly after that, the band broke up. They put in fifteen years of hard work. They went out on top.
First time nominated
If you've seen Joan Baez live you'll know the simmering charismatic presence that draws you into her performance. It's a powerful force that saw her cross over from her folk roots into the mainstream, achieving gold albums in the 70's and also provided a platform for her lifetime's work, championing civil rights and human rights, highlighting the downtrodden, standing up against discrimination and reminding us it's not always only rock 'n' roll.
Gifted with a natural singing voice and influenced by an early appreciation of opera, her career really took off following a performance at Newport Folk Festival in 1959, her first self-titled album coming out the following year. In these early days Baez was at the core of the American roots music revival where she championed a barely known at the time Bob Dylan and paved the way for other artists like Joni Mitchell and Emmylou Harris. Although a talented songwriter herself, it's Joan Baez's interpretation of other writer's work that really stands out. At the age of 13 she was taken to see Pete Seeger whose performance inspired her to start learning some of his repertoire and perform publicly. It's Baez's version of 'We Shall Overcome' that became prominent during the Civil Rights Movement in the 60's; she marched with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and performed the song at rallies. As the 70's got started, her cover of The Band's 'The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down' went to the top of the charts and is arguably the definitive version. She was awarded a Lifetime Achievement Grammy in 2007.
Joan Baez opened Live Aid in the USA in 1985 and performed on two Amnesty International tours in the same decade. The organization honored her in 2011 at its 50th Anniversary with the inaugural Joan Baez Award for outstanding inspirational service in the global fight for human rights.
In a career spanning over 55 years and over 30 albums, Joan Baez is still touring and still mesmerizing audiences all over the world. Her social activism has provoked and inspired, encouraging many other performers who followed to stand up for their beliefs.
Fifth time nominated
Joseph Arrington Jr.—otherwise known as Joe Tex—was one of the most versatile performers and songwriters of the '50s and '60s. The East Texas native possessed a chameleonic voice and approach that allowed him to write and sing songs in the style of the era's soul, R&B and early rock 'n' roll stars. Ultimately, however, Tex found the most chart success when he settled into a groove and focused on Southern soul, which took influence from gospel and country, and embraced a funky sound that amplified his flair for charismatic performances.
Perhaps it's no surprise that the young Arrington's first major musical exposure involved singing gospel in church and soaking up the popular country music hits of the day. His talent was evident from early on, however: While still in high school, he won a talent show whose first prize was a trip to New York. Arrington made good use of this 1954 visit, winning amateur night at the Apollo Theatre for four weeks in a row. This success caught the ear of an A&R rep for Cincinnati's King Records, and the musician signed a record deal in 1955, after his graduation.
Now known as Joe Tex, the performer didn't have much success with his first batch of singles. A 1957 affiliation with Ace Records—where he embraced a reputation as a rock 'n' roll cowboy—also wasn't fruitful, although Tex soldiered on and continued honing his live act as the opener for Little Richard and James Brown. As the years went on, his contentious relationship with the latter became the stuff of legend: Although Brown covered Tex's Ace-era composition "Baby You're Right" and took it to No. 2 on the R&B singles charts in 1961, just a few years later the pair were at odds enough to get embroiled in a gunfight at a club.
Being a dynamic entertainer ultimately paid off, however. In 1961, Tex met publisher Buddy Killen, who was so taken with the musician that he founded Dial Records especially to release his work. Still, it took a few years, a handful more singles and a change of scenery for the partnership to pay off. In 1964, Tex decamped to FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, where he recorded "Hold What You've Got." Distributed via Atlantic Records, the song ended up being the first Southern soul 45 out of the studio to hit No. 1 on the R&B charts and Top 10 at pop. This song featured a conversational tone and a gruff vocal texture, two things which became a hallmark of his sound.
"Hold What You've Got" kickstarted Joe Tex's career, and he released more than two dozen R&B/pop crossovers via Dial through the early '70s, ranging in style from strutting funk ("Show Me," the slinky "Papa Was Too") and '50s throwbacks ("I Want To Do Everything For You") to gospel-tinged R&B ("A Sweet Woman Like You") and soul ballads ("The Love You Save (May Be Your Own)"). He entered the Muslim ministry in 1972, the same year he scored his final R&B No. 1 with the James Brown-esque funk workout "I Gotcha" –although Tex capitalized on the disco movement in 1977 with the disco strut "Ain't Gonna Bump No More (With No Big Fat Woman)."
In a nod of respect to Tex's diverse catalog, his songs have been covered by both rock bands (the Animals, "One Monkey Don't Stop No Show," Huey Lewis & The News' "I Want to Do Everything for You") and sampled by rappers and hip-hop artists (The Roots, Ice Cube, Ol' Dirty Bastard"). "I Gotcha" in particular has been interpolated by Wu-Tang Clan and (most recently) on the B.o.B.-Bruno Mars collaboration "Nothin' On You," and appeared in the Quentin Tarantino film Reservoir Dogs. Other artists may have greater name recognition or more chart hits and success, but Joe Tex's sound and style have been an ingrained part of mainstream music for decades.
First time nominated
Formed in San Francisco in 1973, the group was initially a combination of ex-Santana members Neil Schon and Gregg Rolie, and ex- Frumious Bandersnatch members. The band was steeped in the psychedelic and jazz fusion sounds of San Francisco and pushed out into the territory of progressive and hard rock with songs like "Of A Lifetime" and "I'm Gonna Leave You." In 1977 they found Steve Perry – one of the all-time great rock voices – a singer who could perform ballads and scorchers with equal skill and passion. Between 1978 and 1981, they refined their sound, worked on their songwriting, and eventually released one of the biggest hit albums of the early 1980s, Escape (1981). Pulling from Queen's melodic rock sound (by specifically working with Queen producer Roy Thomas Baker), the band was soon performing in sold out stadiums around the world. Their biggest hit, "Don't Stop Believin" is a song that has gone beyond its own place and time and has become a cultural anthem, appearing in everything from the TV show Glee, the final episode of The Sopranos, and even as the finale of the Broadway musical Rock Of Ages. They followed up in 1983 with another album full of radio hits on Frontiers. The opening track "Separate Ways (Worlds Apart)" blended all the best elements of their powerful music: synth arpeggios, guitar power chords, thumping bass and drums, and the soaring vocals of Perry. In the late 80s and 90s they only put out two new albums, but each captured their signature sound, although with a decidedly AOR sheen. The band continues to tour the world with their new lead singer Arnel Pine, and their classic hits continue to rock the world – just turn on "Don't Stop Believin" in a bar and see what happens.
Fourth time nominated
Kraftwerk is the foundation upon which all synthesizer-based rock and roll and electronic dance music is built. Founded in Düsseldorf in 1970 by the band's two core members, Ralf Hütter and Florian Schneider, the group was a part of a new wave of musicians in Germany collectively referred to as Kosimsche Musik (cosmic music) who explored the intersection of rock and roll and the avant-garde. Their first three albums capture the sound of an experimental proto-punk jam band riffing on the sounds of Hawkwind and the Velvet Underground, but their fourth album Autobahn (1974) established the beginning of something entirely new (created with longtime friend and producer Konrad "Conny" Plank). The 22 minute title track combined the diverse influences of the Beach Boys and Karlheinz Stockhausen into the creation of an electronic musical odyssey. It also represented a miraculous use of technology through its amalgamation of Moog synthesizers, multi-track recording and traditional instrumentation. The 1977 album, Trans-Europe Express, completed Kraftwerk's transformation into a synthesized quartet. The album featured some of the funkiest grooves and vocoder melodies ever put on wax. New York City's burgeoning hip-hop community quickly latched on to the album and DJ Afrika Bambaataa based his track "Planet Rock" (1982) on Kraftwerk's beats. The years that followed secured Kratwerk's place as both musical innovators and master songwriters and the albums, The Man-Machine (1978), Computer World (1981) and Electric Café (1986) established the blueprint for the sound and image of modern electronic music. Kraftwerk's influence can be heard in the synth-pop of Depeche Mode, the electronic-rock integration of U2 and the DJ/Laptop artist vibrations of Deadmau5 and Skrillex.
Second time nominated
Everything about Detroit-formed rabble-rousers the MC5 screamed revolution. The group espoused sex, drugs and rock 'n' roll, as well as the kind of radical politics and countercultural rebellion that started to boil over in the late '60s. Musically, the MC5 aggressively assimilated disparate styles: Not only were the Motor City's soul/R&B groups a major influence—as heard especially through vocalist Rob Tyner's unhinged howls—but the band also incorporated scorching blues riffs, sprawling free jazz flourishes and a fondness for scuzzy garage-rock.
It also helped that the members of the MC5—which, besides Tyner, included guitarists Wayne Kramer and Fred "Sonic" Smith, bassist Michael Davis and drummer Dennis Thompson—surrounded themselves with revolutionary people and ideas. Writers such as Allen Ginsberg, Charles Olson and Ed Sanders were idols, while band manager John Sinclair co-founded the anti-capitalist, anti-racism White Panther Party, which was formed to be an ally to the Black Panther Party. In summer 1967, Kramer even had a bird's-eye view of the Detroit riots from his bedroom window. In other words, the members of the MC5 were in the thick of a burgeoning cultural insurgency—and relished the opportunity to do everything they could to stoke the fires of rebellion.
The group evolved to adopt this mindset after Sinclair took over as manager in 1966. Prior to that, the fledgling MC5 was performing around the Detroit area, honing its live show and trying to figure out a solid direction. However, this focus on concerts, when coupled with Sinclair's presence, helped the band flourish: By the end of 1966, the MC5 was a weekend staple at Detroit's newly opened Grande Ballroom, which eventually led to support slots for Cream and Big Brother & The Holding Company.
More notably, in 1968, the MC5 performed on the opening day of Chicago's Festival of Life, a multi-day event steered by the radical, counterculture-embracing Yippies. For the band, the invitation was an easy one to accept: Because the fest took place during the contentious 1968 Democratic National Convention, an appearance offered a high-profile chance to protest the pro-war policies relating to Vietnam. Although the stage was nonexistent—archival footage shows the MC5 thrashing among throngs of people—and the performance only lasted about 40 minutes, the show looms large in the band's mythology.
In the weeks after, the MC5 inked a record deal with Elektra Records. Over Halloween weekend, the band decamped to the Grande Ballroom to record what would become its debut LP, Kick Out The Jams. Appropriately, the resulting 1969 album was an incendiary document of the band's live experience, something at once gloriously chaotic and deeply inspiring. Buoyed by the indelible "Kick Out The Jams"—which started with the inimitable line, "Kick out the jams, motherf*ckers!"—and plenty of charred rock 'n' roll (the Sun Ra-interpolating, spacey sprawl "Starship"; the ramshackle, garage rocker "Rocket Reducer No. 62-Talk"), the album remains a proto-punk milestone.
The profanity present on the LP caused friction with several retailers, including department store Hudson's, which declined to carry Kick Out The Jams. In response, the MC5 decried the ban by taking out an ad featuring a well-placed f-bomb and (unbeknownst to the label) Elektra's logo. After Hudson's retaliated by stopping the sale of all Elektra releases, the MC5 lost its record deal. Undeterred, the band jumped ship to Atlantic Records for a pair of albums. 1970's compact Back In The USA dabbled in wiry, brittle garage-pop and proto-punk, while 1971's High Time was a heavier, hard-rock-leaning effort full of gnarled and (at times) psychedelic-scarred riffs.
The MC5's intense years of hard living soon caught up to it, however. Sinclair went to jail in 1969 for giving two marijuana joints to an undercover police officer, while the original lineup also disintegrated: Bassist Davis left in early 1972, and by the end of the year both Tyner and Thompson had also departed. Kramer and Smith soldiered on with replacements, but after a disastrous, poorly attended New Year's Eve 1972 reunion gig, the MC5 dissolved.
Still, the band's legend lived on via some prominent figures. In the '70s and '80s, political punk rockers such as Bad Brains, Black Flag, the Damned and Circle Jerks ended up as the MC5's spiritual and sonic descendants. The strident activism of '90s rock band Rage Against The Machine and the frenetic sound of At The Drive-In, meanwhile, both owed much to the band. The career of Rock & Roll Hall of Famers the Stooges also might never have taken off without the MC5: After all, Danny Fields, the Elektra Records rep that signed the latter, also scooped up Iggy Pop & co. at the same time.
The members of the MC5 also worked to keep the band's legacy in the spotlight. After Tyner's 1992 death, the surviving members of the band reunited at a tribute show in his honor. Smith died in 1994, and a decade later, Kramer, Thompson and Davis started touring again under the name DKT/MC5 with punk legend Handsome Dick Manitoba on vocals. This incarnation lasted until Davis' 2012 death.
Seeing as how the MC5 is so resilient, it's no surprise that political rock supergroup Prophets of Rage (which features three-fourths of RATM) and Dave Grohl recently teamed up to cover "Kick Out The Jams." In the '60s, the MC5's incendiary music was the backdrop to protest the concerns of the day—to name a few, police brutality, war and racism. Today, these topics remain pressing societal issues, which makes the MC5's rhetoric and music just as relevant and vital than ever.
First time nominated
When they released their debut album, Ten, in August, 1991, Pearl Jam were a band of young unknowns to anyone not from Seattle, Washington. At home, Pearl Jam were practically a supergroup – founded in 1990 at a crossroads of classic rock, Seventies heavy metal and hardcore punk, just as that city's underground scene was about to go worldwide.
Bassist Jeff Ament and guitarist Stone Gossard played in the proto-grunge bands Green River and Mother Love Bone; Mike McCready was a highly regarded lead guitarist steeped in Jimi Hendrix and Stevie Ray Vaughan. Matt Cameron of Seattle elders Soundgarden played drums on Pearl Jam's early demos, finally joining in 1998 after a parade of drummers including Dave Krusen. Singer Eddie Vedder was an out-of-town wild card, a San Diego emigrant whose baritone howl, aggressively emotional lyrics and jubilantly unhinged stage presence quickly made him a universal symbol of the personal trials and cleansing rage at the heart of Nineties alternative rock.
Propelled by the hits "Alive" and "Jeremy" (about a high school student's suicide), Ten sold more than 13 million copies in America, launching a singular career of enduring commercial success (ten Top Five studio albums, half of them Number Ones) and staunch idealism. In the mid-Nineties, Pearl Jam challenged monopolistic practices in the concert-ticket industry; in 2000, they took the live-tape-sharing aesthetic to a new fan-friendly extreme, initiating a series of soundboard-quality live releases from every show – a now-common practice among bands big and new. Pearl Jam have also collaboratored extensively – as a group and individuals, on stage and records – with a long list of inspirations including Neil Young, the Who and the Ramones. 25 years after Ten, Pearl Jam are still one of the most reliably explosive, vigorously committed and truly modern rock bands in the world.
First time nominated
"I like smoke and lightnin', heavy metal thunder," singer John Kay declared against a feral-blues rush of guitar and broiling organ that became the band's signature sound and a fundamental influence on the next four decades of hard rock, metal, glam, punk and thrash. Formed out of a Toronto-based group, the Sparrow, by Kay, drummer Jerry Edmonton and organist Goldy McJohn, Steppenwolf (the name came from a Herman Hesse novel) were the people's choice on stage and the radio between 1968 and 1971, combining biker-freedom idealism and arena-rock dynamics across eight gold albums and a dozen Hot 100 singles. That streak included the Number Three smash "Magic Carpet Ride" and brawny Top 40 hits such as "Rock Me," "Move Over" and "Hey Lawdy Mama." Steppenwolf were also the first band of their time and stature to explicitly address the perils of hard-drug use in striking covers of the Hoyt Axton songs "The Pusher" and "Snowblind Friend." And Kay, Steppenwolf's main lyricist, was a true rock & roll-refugee: born in Soviet-controlled East Prussia during World War II, escaping with his mother to East Germany and eventually Canada. In "Don't Step On The Grass, Sam," "Power Play," "Draft Resister" and the epic title suite on Steppenwolf's 1969 album, Monster, Kay took his freedom seriously, confronting the status quo on civil rights, the Vietnam war and even feminisim while challenging his generation to live up to the promise and responsibility of democracy. Never before nominated for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Steppenwolf – led by Kay in various forms into this century – were one of America's biggest and toughest bands in a truly revolutionary era. Their musical legacy is everywhere; the message is more relevant than ever.
Second time nominated
One of the consummate joys of the first wave of the British Invasion was the startling variety of sounds and styles that emerged month after month in that heady halcyon era. At one end of the scale were the raw, blues-drenched disciples of American blues and R&B (Rolling Stones, Animals, Yardbirds), and at the other end were the more studied, sophisticated, intricately arranged atmospherics of the Zombies. There was no other band whose sound filled space as gorgeously and completely as the Zombies: the jazz-inflected electric piano of Rod Argent, the choirboy vocals of him and his St. Albans schoolmates, bassist Chris White and lead singer Colin Blunstone. Other schoolmates, Paul Atkinson on guitar and vocals, and drummer Hugh Grundy rounded out the classic original lineup, which endeared itself overnight to the most loyal and dedicated army of fans to which any rock band can lay claim.
At the end of the day, it always comes back home to the triad of career defining hits by the Zombies that beg the question: Where were you the first time you heard "She's Not There" or "Tell Her No" or "Time Of the Season?" Their second and final album Odessey And Oracle has earned its reputation (and its spot inside the Top 100 on Rolling Stone's list of the "500 Greatest Albums Of All Time") alongside such masterworks as the Beatles' White Album and the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds. Rod Argent's eponymous band gave majesty and definition to the '70s, but the Zombies, which he and Colin Blunstone have been helming on records and tours for the past decade, are truly a rock band for all seasons.
First time nominated
Beyond his popularity, Tupac Shakur is one of the most complex figures to emerge from hip-hop – really, to emerge from any art form. His naked emotion and fearless personal revelation were a direct influence on MCs from Eminem to Kendrick Lamar. "Every rapper who grew up in the '90s owes something to Tupac," wrote 50 Cent in Rolling Stone, paying tribute to Shakur as one of the "100 Greatest Artists Of All Time."
Tupac was born into struggle—his mother, Afeni, was a leader in the Black Panther movement—but grew up to become not just a multi-platinum rapper, but a movie star. He managed to become both the "realest" artist, in a genre obsessed with authenticity, and larger than life. His songs preached activism and nihilism, expressed rage and love, raised questions without answers. He was a lightning rod, a screen onto which millions of people continue to project their feelings about rap, about race, and about the young black man in America today.
Tupac's first solo album, 2Pacalypse Now, instantly generated both acclaim and controversy. Though the single "Brenda's Got A Baby" demonstrated his empathy and conscience, the album's unsparing examinations of street violence and police harassment led to a public condemnation by Vice President Dan Quayle.
This tension would continue to play out over the next five years, as Tupac's life grew increasingly tumultuous and his popularity escalated. "Keep Ya Head Up" and "Dear Mama" were heart-tugging, feminist anthems; elsewhere, he could be brutally misogynist and violent – a side of his work which escalated when he became part of Suge Knight's Death Row empire.
But even as his rap sheet grew, his records kept getting better, culminating in 1996's All Eyez On Me, which spawned five singles, including two Number One hits, "California Love" and "How Do U Want It." Meanwhile, his performances in Juice, Poetic Justice, Above The Rim, and other movies revealed a powerful screen presence.
In a recording career tragically cut short after just five years, Tupac Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, with All Eyez On Me and his Greatest Hits collection both surpassing the ten million sales mark. Since his murder in 1996 at the age of 25, Tupac's legend and impact have continued to expand across the globe. He has become an international symbol of resistance and outlaw spirit, an irresistible contradiction, a definitive rap anti-hero.
Third time nominated
Yes is the most enduring, ambitious and virtuosic progressive band in rock history. By fusing the cinematic soundscapes of King Crimson with the hard rock edge of The Who and the soaring harmonies and melodies of Simon and Garfunkel, they took progressive rock from a small audience of aficionados to radio airwaves and football stadiums all over America.
Hits like "Roundabout" and "I've Seen All Good People" appealed to rock fans who did not even think they liked prog rock, while album-side length epics like "Close To The Edge" and "The Gates Of Delirium" represent the genre at its absolute finest. Steve Howe remains one of the most underrated guitarists in rock history, while keyboardist Rick Wakeman, bassist Chris Squire and drummers Bill Bruford and Alan White will always be regarded as musicians simply without peer. Frontman Jon Anderson is an alto tenor singer who still hits the highest of high notes 45 years after forming the group.
While many of their contemporaries wilted once punk hit, Yes managed to change with the times, and they reemerged in the 80s as an MTV-ready commercial force, landing massive hits on the charts like "Owner Of A Lonely Heart." While prog giants like Pink Floyd, Genesis and Emerson Lake & Palmer retired years ago, Yes continues to tour (albeit with some new members) at a pace that would leave bands half their age breathless.


text:
Crown Amp/Module Compatibility Chart
1 IQ-PIP Lite may be installed in older PIP1-compatible amplifiers by using the USP2 Adapter Kit (functionality slightly limited when using the Adapter Kit).
2 MA-5000VZ amplifiers with serial numbers beginning with the prefix A or B are PIP2 compatible. PIP2 compatible amplifiers bear the PIP2 logo on the rear.
3 CT-210 must have optional fan installed.
4 Analog PIPs include: P.I.P.-AMCb, P.I.P.-CLP, P.I.P.-EDCb, P.I.P.-RPA and P.I.P.-RPAT.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Now that our representative to the California State Assembly, Joan Buchanan, has been termed out, the race for State Assembly District 16 is heating up. According to that source of all knowledge, Wikipedia, District 16 is 39.77% registered Democrat and 32.76% registered Republican, which leaves an up-for-grabs 21.25% No party preference and 6.22% Other.
Three Democrats are running and only one Republican; so the top two primary could result in two Democrats facing off in November. Dublin Mayor, Tim Sbranti, has most of the Democrat party support, with endorsements from Buchanan and Tom Torlakson, State Superintendent of Public Education.
I first met Tim Sbranti twelve years ago, when he was working as an aide to then State Senator Torlakson. Sbranti set up a meeting for me and San Ramon Mayor Nancy Tatarka with Senator Torlakson to discuss the proposed sewer from Dougherty Valley to the Larwin Pump station. Torlakson couldn't change the route of the sewer, but he got the Sanitary District to make the pump station building look nicer.
The two other Democrats running are Danville Mayor, Newell Arnerich and Orinda City Councilman, Steve Glazer. Orinda and Danville have rotated Mayors. Arnerich is Danville's Mayor this year. Glazer was Mayor of Orinda in 2007 and 2012. Sbranti was first elected Mayor of Dublin in 2008. He will term out of the office this year.
One of my neighbors is supporting Sbranti. Another neighbor is supporting Steve Glazer, mostly because of his anti-union stance. I received a big flyer from Glazer today, announcing his opposition to the BART strike. He backs state legislation to ban public transit workers from striking.
Glazer and Arnerich both claim to be fiscally conservative. Glazer's mailer says, ". . . state government needs to live within its means, curb pension abuse, make tax dollars work harder, and hold the line on new taxes."
Arnerich cites Danville's "pay as you go" policies" which have "continued to keep Danville fiscally strong, with a significant reserve, at a time when other cities are faltering in this difficult economy."
While Glazer has openly rejected union support, Sbranti's website announced that "Firefighters, Educators and Labor Support Tim Sbranti for Assembly." Glazer's right-leaning positions would help him more if there was no Republican in the race, but there is.
I received an email from Harry Sachs with a small newspaper ad for Republican, Catherine Baker. Baker received an endorsement from the Contra Costa Times and says she will work "across party lines and beyond egos and special interest agendas in Sacramento to make California a success." Baker will be holding a reception at the San Ramon Golf Club on Monday, May 19th, from 5:30 pm to 7:30 pm.
So here's a summary of the candidates again:
Party and union endorsed Democrat, Tim Sbranti,
Fiscally conservative Democrat, Newell Arnerich,
Proven Independent, but still a Democrat, Steve Glazer,
And, I'll work across party lines Republican, Catherine Baker.
I cannot predict who the top two vote getters in the Primary will be, but my guess at this time (and it could change) would be Tim Sbranti and Steve Glazer, which would at least give voters a distinct choice in November.


text:
Would you rather hear positive feedback about your performance or suggestions for improvement?
For the last two weeks, we've been compiling data on this question, and on people's general attitudes toward feedback, both positive and corrective. So far we've collected it from 899 individuals, 49% from the U.S. and the remainder from abroad. Before we tell you what we found, we suggest you take the same assessment here so you can put our findings within your own personal context.
What our assessment measures is the extent to which you prefer to give and to receive both positive and corrective feedback. It also measures your level of self-confidence. For the purposes of this study, we grouped praise, reinforcement, and congratulatory comments together as positive feedback. And we've chosen to call suggestions for improvement, explorations of new and better ways to do things, or pointing out something that was done in a less that optimal way corrective feedback. We think this is an important distinction, because as the following data affirm, people want corrective feedback, as we've defined it, even more than praise, if it's provided in a constructive manner. By roughly a three to one margin, they believe it does even more to improve their performance than positive feedback.
The graph below shows, on average, the degree to which the participants in our initial sample tend to avoid or prefer giving and receiving positive and corrective feedback.
The first column indicates that roughly the same number of people prefer to give positive feedback as those who do not. This is fascinating, given the high percentage of people who appreciate receiving positive feedback, along with its positive impact on performance improvement.
The second column shows how much people prefer to avoid giving negative feedback (a finding that came as no surprise to us, certainly). The third column shows that people prefer receiving positive comments to the same degree that they dislike giving negative feedback. Again hardly a surprise.
We also asked respondents an additional question: Would they prefer praise/recognition or corrective feedback? And this time their replies did surprise us. A significantly larger number (57%) preferred corrective feedback; only 43% preferred praise/recognition. Well, perhaps that's not surprising, since our most emphatic finding related to which kind of feedback had the most impact on people's job performance. When asked what was most helpful in their career, fully 72% said they thought their performance would improve if their managers would provide corrective feedback.
But how it was done really mattered — 92% of the respondents agreed with the assertion, "Negative (redirecting) feedback, if delivered appropriately, is effective at improving performance." In this regard we find it telling that the people who find it difficult and stressful to deliver negative feedback also were significantly less willing to receive it themselves. On the other hand, those who rated their managers as highly effective at providing them with honest, straightforward feedback tended to score significantly higher on their preference for receiving corrective feedback. And, as the graph below shows, there also appears to be a strong positive correlation between a person's level confidence and his or her preference for receiving negative feedback.
We were curious to see if people of different generations felt differently about feedback. In our sample 12% were Baby Boomers, 50% were members of Generation X, and 38% were in Generation Y. As our final graph shows, everyone displayed an aversion to giving negative feedback (though interestingly, the Gen Xers slightly less so). And every group was both open to positive feedback and even more open to corrective feedback.
But generally speaking, the older they were, the more feedback people wanted of both kinds. The Boomers, in fact, showed a much stronger preference for giving positive feedback and for receiving negative feedback than the other two groups (while the young Gen Yers don't seem to feel comfortable giving even positive feedback yet.) Some people have hypothesized that the members of Gen Y are hungry for and open to feedback, and especially to positive feedback, but here it turns out their preference is not as strong as the Boomer and Gen X groups. It's not clear whether these differences are primarily age related or a function of having been in the workforce for a shorter period of time.
What is clear is the paradox our data reveal, no matter how we slice them. People believe constructive criticism is essential to their career development. They want it from their leaders. But their leaders often don't feel comfortable offering it up. From this we conclude that the ability to give corrective feedback constructively is one of the critical keys to leadership, an essential skill to boost your team's performance that could set you apart.


text:
Many airlines offer flexible change policies
Sign up to receive text alerts about your trip
Origin Airport IATA Code
Destination Airport IATA Code
Direct Flight Airlines
Earliest Flight Arrival
Latest Flight Arrival
Finding cheap flights from Rockford to Dallas need never be a problem again when you put your faith in Orbitz, the online leader in discounted travel arrangements. You'll get guaranteed low prices every time you book and be able to choose from a great selection of hotels, flight, cruises, and more.
You can have total confidence in Orbitz to help you find spectacular deals on Rockford to Dallas flights at bargain prices. We also display quality accommodations at unbelievable rates, leaving you with spare cash for a little extra indulgence in Dallas.
Orbitz helps you find that low fare time and again whether you are looking at domestic or international tickets for leisure or business. Our extensive search capabilities let you select alternative airlines for your departure and return on your flights from Rockford to Dallas to give you the best deals that suit your schedule.
Finding budget flights from Rockford to Dallas is easier with cutting-edge mobile tools as our app that allows you to check flight availabilities on the move using your smartphone or tablet. We can even send you free alerts to your email and mobile phone to inform you of any delays to your Rockford to Dallas flights.
If value is what you are after, let Orbitz take care of you. Your low cost Rockford to Dallas flights along with our great bargains on hotels and car rentals will make your trip all the more memorable.
Fare, taxes & fees: Fares include all taxes and fees, except baggage fees. Rates shown reflect fares found by other Orbitz users over the past 7 days. Due to rapidly changing airline prices & seat availability, these fares may no longer be available.
Refunds/changes/cancellations: Itinerary changes, if permitted for the fare, will have a $30 service fee charged by Orbitz. Additional airline charges may apply.
Other conditions: Schedules, fares and rules are subject to change without notice. Seats are limited and may not be available on all flights/dates or in all markets. Lower fares may be available. Fares will not be honored retroactively or in exchange for any wholly/partially unused ticket. Tickets are non-transferable and non-refundable. Fare rules are provided for the selected itinerary before booking.


text:
Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus) is unique in the mushroom family both in appearance and function. Lion's Mane Mushroom is extremely effective at stimulating Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in the brain.
Known for its powerful effects as a "brain tonic", Lion's Mane is said to have been used as a tea for thousands of years by Buddhist monks. To enhance brain power, and heighten their ability to focus during meditation.
Lion's Mane as a nootropic, is a powerful catalyst for brain cell regeneration helping improve memory and cognition.
The primary active compounds in Lion's Mane are hericenones and erinacines. Erinacines help your brain produce more Nerve Growth Factor. Erinacines easily cross the blood-brain barrier to boost the production of neurons.
Lion's Mane helps:
- Nerve Growth Factor. Lion's Mane Mushroom prevents and treats nerve damage in the brain. Once past the blood-brain barrier, Lion's Mane stimulates enzyme production that release Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). Nerve regeneration helps relieve neurodegenerative disease symptoms such as Alzheimer's, dementia, and Parkinson's Disease.
- Neurogenesis. Lion's Mane stimulates the repair and creation of neurons. Boosting neurotransmitters and signaling that effects memory, learning, recall, and mood.
- Brain Optimization. Lion's Mane helps eliminate brain fog. Restoring memory and mental alertness. And improves anxiety and depression symptoms.
Table of Contents
Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus) is a medicinal mushroom proven to benefit the brain, nerves and immune system.
Unlike other mushrooms sporting a cap and stem, Lion's Mane has long, flowing, white tendrils. Resembling a lion's mane. Other names include Monkey's Head, Bearded Tooth, Pom Pom Blanc, Hedgehog Mushroom and Satyr's Beard.
This parasitic fungus grows hanging off logs and trees. And is native to North American, Europe and Southeast Asia. In Japan, it's called yamabushitake or "those who sleep in mountains". Referring to the Shugendo sect of hermit monks and their long, flowing robes.
As a nootropic, Lion's Mane has been shown to be particularly effective in stimulating Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in the brain.
NGF is produced in the hippocampus throughout life. Modulating cholinergic receptors and neuroplasticity.[i] And is essential for learning.
Nerve Growth Factor are special proteins that function to regenerate neurons. Lion's Mane contains two unique classes of NGF's – hericenones and erinacines which easily cross the blood-brain barrier.
Lion's Mane, like other medicinal mushrooms, contain high amounts of the antioxidant beta-glucoxylan and four other polysaccharides and polypeptides. Having a significant impact on enhancing your immune system. And decreasing tumor growth.
Lion's Mane has also been studied in reducing amyloid plaques. These clumps of beta-amyloid proteins block signals between neurons. And are implicated in Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Lions' Mane is also used to treat Lyme's Disease, and digestive tract issues.
Here we're talking about Lion's Mane Mushroom and its effects on brain health and chemistry.
How does Lion's Mane Work in the Brain?
Lion's Mane boosts brain health and function in several ways. But two in particular stand out.
- Lion's Mane Mushroom stimulates the synthesis of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). NGF is a protein that plays a major role in the maintenance, survival and regeneration of neurons.
NGF is required by your brain to keep neurons strong and healthy. When various neurological disorders occur, your brain is unable to produce its own internal source of NGF.
In a study done in Kuala Lumpur in 2013, scientists showed that Lion's Mane extract induced NGF synthesis and promoted neurite outgrowth.[ii]
- Lion's Mane is effective in reducing anxiety and depression. Some even call it the "smart mushroom" for its ability to improve cognition, memory and work as an anti-depressant.
A study by researchers in Japan worked with 30 women. The female subjects had been complaining about menopause, depression, sleep quality and other issues.
The women randomly received Lion's Mane-laced cookies or a placebo for 4 weeks. The researchers found that Lion's Mane "has the possibility to reduce depression and anxiety, and these results suggest a different mechanism from NGF-enhancing action of H. erinaceus". [iii]
How things go bad
Science once believed that the brain could not grow new brain cells. That once our brain developed during childhood, and we reached adulthood, we had all the brain cells we'd ever have.
Now we know that neurons can regenerate. But that doesn't mean they will regenerate. A number of health issues can contribute to neurodegeneration.
↓ Decrease in Nerve Growth Factor = Decrease in Long-Term Potentiation affecting long-term memory[iv]
↓ Brain cells die and are not replaced
↓ Neuroplasticity declines resulting in poor memory
↓ Neurotransmitters decline resulting in anxiety, poor mood and depression
All of these age-related changes are contributing factors to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and others. And anxiety, depression and mood disorders that affect quality of life.
Lion's Mane benefits
At least a dozen peer-reviewed studies have been published on Lion's Mane benefits to brain health since 1991. Dr. Kawagishi of Japan was first to identify Nerve Growth Factor properties in Lion's Mane Mushroom.[v]
In one double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, researchers in Japan worked with 50 – 80 year old men and women. All suffered from mild cognitive impairment.
The trial subjects received four 250 mg tablets containing 96% of Yamabushitake (Lion's Mane) dry powder three times a day for 16 weeks. The men and women were tested at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks.
At each of the testing periods, the subjects who had used Lion's Mane showed a significant improvement in cognitive scores. And their scores were increasing while on Lion's Mane supplementation. But 4 weeks after stopping Lion's mane supplementation, their cognitive scores decreased significantly.
The researchers concluded that Lion's Mane Mushroom is effective in improving mild cognitive impairment.[vi]
How does Lion's Mane feel?
You may not experience the effects of supplementing with Lion's Mane Mushroom immediately. But many users report with continued use of Lion's Mane, a boost in mood and mental energy.
Some report it increases depth perception. And an improvement in sense of smell.
Others testify to improved decision-making, the ability to solve problems and learning. Likely due to Lion's Mane ability to improve neuroplasticity.
The overall consensus is Lion's Mane Mushroom's ability to lessen anxiety, reduce depression, and improve concentration.
The Research
Lion's Mane Mushroom has been used as a food and herbal medicine since ancient times in East Asia. And it has been reported in scientific research that Lion's Mane promotes Nerve Growth Factor both in the petri dish as well as in animal and human test subjects.
Lion's Mane Prevents Cognitive Dysfunction
In this study, researchers examined the effects of Lion's Mane on amyloid β(25-35) peptide-induced learning and memory deficits in mice. Amyloid β(25-35) peptide is implicated in diseases like Alzheimer's.
Mice were injected with the peptide on days 7 and 14 of the trial. And they were fed a diet containing Lion's Mane over 23-days of the experiment. The results showed that Lion's Mane prevented short-term and visual recognition memory reduction normally induced by amyloid β(25-35) peptide.
They concluded that Lion's Mane Mushroom "may be useful in the prevention of cognitive dysfunction".[vii]
Lion's Mane Induces Nerve Growth Factor
In this trial, mice were fed Lion's Mane 5% freeze-dried powdered extract for 7 days. Researchers found an increase in the level of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in the hippocampus of the mice. Concluding that Lion's Mane "contains active compounds that stimulate NGF synthesis".[viii]
Lion's Mane Repairs Nerves
In this study done with rats, Lion's Mane extract was able to promote neuron regrowth after injury. Rats with gluteal nerve damage were able to walk again after consuming water containing Lion's Mane extract.
The researchers concluded that Lion's Mane regenerates damaged nerve cells. In this case, the reversal was so profound, the rats went from being totally disabled to walking again.[ix]
Lion's Mane Dosage
Wondering how much Lion's Mane to take? Dosing of Lion's Mane Mushroom depends on the strength of the extract.
For Lion's Mane 10:1 extract (30% polysaccharide), daily dosage is 500 – 1,000 mg taken 1 to 3 times per day. This means that if you choose a daily dose of 1,000 mg of Lion's Mane extract, you should take 500 mg in the morning, and another 500 mg at noon.
Other retail extract dosage of Lion's Mane ranges from 300 mg to 3000 mg dosed 1 – 3 times per day. Check the label and see what the manufacturer recommends. And when first using the supplement, start with the lowest dose and see how your body reacts.
Lion's Mane Side Effects
Lion's Mane Mushroom is non-toxic and considered very safe. So there are very few side effects reported.
Some neurohackers report itchy skin from higher doses. Likely attributable to a boost in Nerve Growth Factor.
Lion's Mane has been tested in animals showing no side effects or toxicity even up to 5 grams per kilogram.
Best type of Lion's Mane to buy
Lion's Mane Mushroom (Hericium erinaceus) as a nootropic supplement is usually offered as an extract. In powdered form, or in a capsule.
Lion's Mane Mushroom can be found in some of higher quality pre-formulated nootropic stacks. For example, Mind Lab Pro® contains 11 brain enhancing nootropic compounds including Lion's Mane with the full fruit spectrum including hericenones and erinacines.
I recommend Mind Lab Pro® because it addresses all aspects of anxiety resistance, memory and cognitive enhancement, stabilizes mood, brain repair, and maintenance.
This premium nootropic stack is designed to affect neurotransmitters, cognitive energy, brain waves, neuroprotection, and regeneration. See my Mind Lab Pro review for a detailed report.
When choosing a Lion's Mane supplement, there's debate over the best form of extraction to achieve the mushroom's full medicinal benefit. Some say your best option is a hot water extraction. Another says alcohol extraction. Another claims both are necessary.
But when it comes to mushrooms, saying that one is "more potent" than another is just too simplified to be true. This is as much an art as it is science.
Much more important is choosing a supplement that includes the mycelium of Lion's Mane Mushroom. In this mushroom, the fruiting body does not contain erinacines which is the compound that boosts Nerve Growth Factor (NGF).
The nootropic benefits of hericenones only found in the fruiting body or top of the mushroom help support your immune system and get rid of Amyloid β(25-35) peptide implicated in diseases like Alzheimer's.
The challenge is getting a Lion's Mane Mushroom extract that contains the full spectrum found in both the mycelium and fruiting body. But the mushroom must be grown in liquid and not a solid substrate like grain. Otherwise you'll get ground up grain without the important erinacines needed for increased NGF.
Look at the manufacturer's literature and marketing material and find out how their Lion's Mane is grown. And read the reviews on shopping sites as well as forums.
Types of Lion's Mane available:
- Plain Lion's Mane: Pure, powdered mushroom. Often freeze-dried, and the cheapest form available. Can be added to water, juice or smoothies.
- Lion's Mane Extracts: A more potent form of mushroom. Often presented as 14:1 or 10:1 extracts (14 pounds or 10 pounds reduced to 1 pound of extract).
- Standardized Lion's Mane: Processed to provide exact levels of active ingredients. You can get Lion's Mane standardized to 30% and 50% polysaccharides (including the active secondary metabolites hericenones and erinacines).
- Lion's Mane tea: Since this is a popular mushroom in the kitchen, the taste is acceptable. But it's hard to get a handle on how much actual active ingredient you're getting.
- Amycenone®/PLM-Fraction: This "branded" product is standardized to Hericenones 0.5%, Amyloban 6%. It seems to target a lesser-known Lion's Mane active ingredient–Amyloban–which is positioned as a mushroom compound that fights beta-amyloid proteins. Originating in Japan, it is extremely expensive, and may be found in a supplement called Amyloban®3399.
And if you decide to pick your own, before consuming any wild mushroom, make sure that it is accurately identified. Mushroom poisoning is a real problem if you pick the wrong one.
For a full list of Mycology societies that may be able to help you, go to the North American Mycological Association website (www.namyco.org).
Nootropics Expert Recommendation
Lion's Mane 500 mg per day
I recommend using Lion's Mane as a nootropic supplement.
Your body does not make Lion's Mane on its own. So you need to take it as a supplement.
Lion's Mane is especially helpful for regenerating brain cells. It prevents neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
And it boosts long-term potentiation for memory and mental sharpness. By stimulating Nerve Growth Factor.
Lion's Mane also helps boost mood, tame anxiety and relieve depression. For a better quality of life.
We suggest starting with a dose of 500 mg daily. The best human study used 3000 mg per day. But another researcher found lower concentrations may stimulate NGF better than higher concentrations.[x]
Start at 500 mg per day and see how it works for you. If you don't experience a benefit, boost Lion's Mane in small increments of 250 mg per day until you notice an improvement. And make sure you are using a supplement containing the mycelium and fruiting body that is grown in a liquid medium.
You can buy individual Lion's Mane supplements. Or you could try my favorite pre-formulated nootropic stack Mind Lab Pro® which includes the full spectrum including hericenones and erinacines found in Lion's Mane Mushroom.
Mind Lab Pro contains a synergistic blend of 11 brain enhancing nootropics covering all aspects of cognition and brain health. See my full Mind Lab Pro review for more.
Lion's Mane is a great compliment to a nootropic stack including Aniracetam, Alpha GPC and Omega-3's for an immediate cognitive boost.
[i] Conner J.M. et. Al. "NGF Is Essential for Hippocampal Plasticity and Learning" The Journal of Neuroscience 2 September 2009, 29(35): 10883-10889 (source)
[ii] Lai P.L., Naidu M., Sabaratnam V., Wong K.H., David R.P., Kuppusamy U.R., Abdullah N., Malek S.N. "Neurotrophic properties of the Lion's mane medicinal mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) from Malaysia." International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. 2013;15(6):539-54. (source)
[iii] Nagano M., Shimizu K., Kondo R., Hayashi C., Sato D., Kitagawa K., Ohnuki K. "Reduction of depression and anxiety by 4 weeks Hericium erinaceus intake." Biomedical Research. 2010 Aug;31(4):231-7. (source)
[iv] Kelly A., Conroy S., Lynch M.A. "Evidence that nerve growth factor plays a role in long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus."Neuropharmacology. 1998 Apr-May;37(4-5):561-70. (source)
[v] Kawagishi H., et. Al. "Erinacines A, B and C, strong stimulators of nerve growth factor (NGF)-synthesis, from the mycelia of Hericium erinaceum" Tetrahedron Letters Volume 35, Issue 10, 7 March 1994, Pages 1569–1572 (source)
[vi] Mori K., Inatomi S., Ouchi K., Azumi Y., Tuchida T. "Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial."Phytotherapy Research. 2009 Mar;23(3):367-72. (source)
[vii] Mori K., Obara Y., Moriya T., Inatomi S., Nakahata N. "Effects of Hericium erinaceus on amyloid β(25-35) peptide-induced learning and memory deficits in mice." Biomedical Research. 2011 Feb;32(1):67-72. (source)
[viii] Mori K., et. Al. "Nerve Growth Factor-Inducing Activity of Hericium erinaceus in 1321N1 Human Astrocytoma Cells" Biology Pharmaceutical Bulletin September 2008 31(9) 1727—1732 (2008) (source)
[ix] Wong K.H., Naidu M., David P., Abdulla M.A., Abdullah N., Kuppusamy U.R., Sabaratnam V. "Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Following Crush Injury to Rat Peroneal Nerve by Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr) Pers. (Aphyllophoromycetideae)." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2011;2011:580752. (source)
[x] Sabaratnam V., Kah-Hui W., Naidu M., David P.R. "Neuronal Health – Can Culinary and Medicinal Mushrooms Help?" Journal of Traditional and Complimentary Medicine 2013 Jan-Mar; 3(1): 62–68. (source)
As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. This post may also contain other affiliate links and I will be compensated if you make a purchase after clicking on my links.


text:
Located on prestigious Carbon Beach in Malibu right on Pacific Coast Highway, this 9 bedroom, 13 bathroom home boasts over 150 feet of gorgeous California beach frontage. Prime real estate I would say. 10,317 square feet of prime real estate to be exact.
Oh did I mention the $50 million dollar price tag for this house (or should I say estate…or mansion…what does one call a larger than life beach house…?)? Hilton & Hyland has this multi million dollar real estate listing! Let's see…the house was designed by architect Michael Graves and I found reports that say a guy who once ran Yahoo is selling it (Terry Semel is his name I think).
Here's how the home is described on the property website:
"The home is composed of three pavilions and is a blend of contemporary and traditional architecture, portraying both the feeling of Modernism and Classicism. You are swept into the heart of the living space by the expansive ocean view. Twelve foot ceilings encase a bank of French doors leading to a signature covered outdoor veranda with columns reminiscent of a contemporary southern plantation. The master bedroom is bathed in sunlight from both the French doors that front the ocean, and the 6 part gridded circular window that comprises most of the north wall of the room. Dual baths and closets complete the master suite. The architect says his vision was to present a home that was "cool and open with the presence of water."
Take a look at what a mere $50 million will buy you in Malibu….!
|Än aerial view of the ocean front property. (above)
|12 foot coffered ceilings in the open plan dining room living room area with windows that offer fantastic views of the water. (above)
|Love this view from the master bath. Also I like the light blue trim on the glass doors and windows that lead out onto the balcony and more water vistas. (above)
So, what do you think of the architecture of this home…love it, hate it? If you had $500 million in the bank, would you spend $50 million on this beach house? Please weigh in the comments below!
Happy Monday!
P.S. This week, I'll be bringing you an exclusive look inside the living area of a darling Spanish style home here in Los Angeles. So excited to share with you this simply elegant space…am thrilled that the homeowner and friend SN chose to include COCOCOZY pillows in her living room too! Here's a sneak peek at that post for later in the week.
|COCOCOZY pillows inside my friend SN's lovely Los Angeles home! (above)
P.P.S. COCOCOZY NEW COLLECTION – I finally received the samples for the new collection I am working on…so very excited! AG and TG came by COCOCOZY HQ on Saturday and saw the beginning swatches for this new collection. Okay…I think I will bury yet another big COCOCOZY story in the P.S. section only because I can never hold anything in long enough for a big reveal. Okay…so on Friday, I got my first samples of the COCOCOZY bedding collection! In January 2013, I'll be debuting a collection of complete bedding – COCOCOZY duvets, shams, sheets and more! I am so excited. I had some linen shams and boudoir pillows in the original COCOCOZY collection…they were extremely high end and I think far too luxury for everyday people like you and me (would be good for the $50 million dollar beach house people though). So I was fortunate enough to be approached by a wonderful company who is now manufacturing a full top of bed collection for COCOCOZY. Woot woot. Woohoo. Yippeeee!!! We've been working on the project for almost a year. The samples are looking good overall. Need to still work on the colors in one of the collections but so far so good. I'll write a real post on COCOCOZY bedding soon.
P.P.P.S. Remember to follow COCOCOZY on Bloglovin'!
P.P.P.P.S. VOTE – Remember to vote tomorrow! I have been obsessed with presidential election polls over the last few weeks – is that geeky? Another question re: election geekiness. Am one of those people who loves going to the polls to vote and then I wear my sticker around all day that says "I voted". Is that geeky or patriotic? Or is it patriotic geeky? Either way I am proud to vote and if I am deemed a geek because I am constantly checking the polls, then I am proud of that too! An interior design addicted, election obsessed, leading a double life, voting girl. That's me! Anyhoooo….vote, vote, vote!


text:
With age and enough experience, we all become connoisseurs of a sort. After years of hearing a favorite song, you might notice a subtle effect that's lost on greener ears. Perhaps you're a keen judge of character after a long stint working in sales. Or maybe you're one of the supremely practiced few who tastes his money's worth in a wine.
Whatever your hard-learned skill is, your ability to hear, see, feel, or taste with more nuance than a less practiced friend is written in your brain. But where, and how, exactly? What are the biological pen strokes that spell perceptual expertise?
One classical line of work has tackled these questions by mapping out changes in brain organization following intense and prolonged sensory experience. In rough overview, many of these studies support a model of learning that might be in line with your intuition. Namely, the parts of the brain allotted for discrete sensory skills - hearing the note middle C, feeling a piano key on your thumb tip - expand when those skills are repeatedly called upon. Or, shamelessly dispensing with the biological details: practice makes bigger, and bigger means better.
But don't adopt that slogan quite yet. In a recent study from the University of Texas at Dallas, Dr. Michael Kilgard's lab questions the tidy relationship between altered size and enhanced skill. Studying the auditory cortex of rats, they found that the expansion of a 'skill-specific' brain area with training is only short lived, even when changes in ability are long lasting. Instead of working like a muscle, where training adds size and size begets prowess, learning seems to involve some heavy duty trimming as well. In fact, if Kilgard's theory of learning holds up, both the biology of learning and our experience of it share a common principle: skill must be culled from a string of mistakes. Lots of them.
If you were to look at the side of someone's brain, focusing on the thin sliver of auditory cortex, it would seem fairly uniform, with only a few blood vessels to provide some bearing. Functionally though, it's more like a patchwork of distinct neural territories, each of which 'hears' only a limited range of sound frequencies. Imagining for a minute that the auditory cortex is the United States, low frequency tones would be preferentially processed in California, high tones in New York, and intermediate tones in between.
One of the great neuroscience findings of the past several decades is that the 'state lines' of the auditory map (as well as many other sensory maps) are redrawn after training. Work from Dr. Michael Merzenich's lab in particular showed that if monkeys were trained to make difficult sound discriminations - say, between two very similar low frequency tones - then low frequency regions of the auditory cortical map became enlarged (California would get a bit bigger, and encroach onto what was formerly Nevada). A host of other studies built on this basic idea, showing that blocking cortical expansion also blocks learning, and that more expansion often correlates with better learning. Cortical expansion and skill learning seemed to be deeply intertwined.
And yet, some aspects of this theory invited skepticism. Does learning really require such large-scale remodeling of our cortex? How do we maintain a large number of skills if there's rather limited space to store them? Wouldn't new learning start to overwrite old learning after a time?
To address these problems, Kilgard and his team used rats in a new test of the dictum that size matters. Instead of altering the auditory cortex map through training - the already proven route - the researchers sought to refashion it directly, if somewhat artificially. By doing this, they could isolate the importance of map size in learning: if you simply make a sensory map bigger, what does it buy you in terms of performance?
Directly 'writing in' changes to the auditory cortex is of course challenging, but the researchers had a trick. Their approach was to electrically stimulate a brain region (nucleus basalis) involved in motivated learning to serve as a surrogate for training. By pairing this stimulation with repeated low tones played from a speaker, the scientists were able to take aim at the low-frequency portion of the auditory map, and encourage its expansion.
Later, when these rats were tested on tone discrimination tasks, it initially seemed like a score for the classical remapping idea. Indeed, having a bit more cortical bulk devoted to low tone processing was associated with significantly faster learning. Rats with larger low frequency maps learned to discriminate between similar low tones within three days, while control rats took more than a week.
However, when the rats were tracked over time, the researchers found that the enlarged areas of the auditory map began to shrink, or 'renormalize.' In fact, within 35 days, the artificially expanded areas had returned to their original size. Critically though, despite reverting to cortical status quo, the rats retained their sharpened perceptual skills. Similarly, when Kilgard's group tracked map changes in rats trained on tones the normal way - with weeks of hard work and no artificial boost - they observed the same basic phenomenon. Maps got larger, tone discrimination improved and lasted, but maps then settled back to their original organization. Whatever separates a virtuoso rat from a less-discerning one, it's probably not a difference in gross brain organization.
So what does change? Although newly learned perceptual skills don't show up in a bird's eye view of the cortex, they must have some neurobiological basis. Kilgard suggests that learning probably results from a few parsimonious tweaks at a more microscopic level, involving relatively small numbers of neurons and synapses.
In one sense, this view isn't so different from other ideas about learning and neural function. The brain is an ultra fine loom, and many of its functions are regulated on a mind-bogglingly small physical scale. Perhaps it's not surprising that small- and hard-to-track physical changes could add up to changes in skill or behavior.
Still, there's a big question lurking here. If a newly learned skill, in the end, has only a tiny footprint in the brain, why not tread more lightly during the learning process? Why go through the trouble of having large functional regions of cortex expand and shrink, only to arrive at the few small neural differences that make a perceptual difference?
It might be because your brain is no smarter than you are. Just as you don't know how to move from novice to expert in a few optimal and wisely chosen moves (how could you?), your brain doesn't either. In a provocative theory that describes his findings, Kilgard speculates that the expanding cortical map is like a search committee. It's generating a huge range of candidate solutions to a problem the brain has been tasked with, but doesn't yet know how to solve. (How do I discriminate these tones? How do I get the ball in the basket? How do I solve that tricky calculus problem?) Once a good solution is found, the search committee is disbanded. Efficient changes that impart skill are retained, and the non-meaningful changes are winnowed away as the map shrinks.
There's something empowering in the idea that learning might 'look' the way it feels. Standing on the perch of mastery, it's easy to look back and say what the straight path to expertise is. But neither we nor our brains get that free ride. Perhaps we just have to make a lot of moves - many of them redundant, roundabout, and just plain bad - to ensure that we stumble on the few good ones.
Are you a scientist? And have you recently read a peer-reviewed paper that you would like to write about? Please send suggestions to Mind Matters editor Gareth Cook, a Pulitzer prize-winning journalist at the Boston Globe. He can be reached at garethideas AT gmail.com or Twitter @garethideas.


text:
Big K.R.I.T.
Become A Better Singer In Only 30 Days, With Easy Video Lessons!
[Chorus] I can't play the sidelines With all my folk in the stands Giving up just ain't apart of the plan I can't play the sidelines While they still 'chea Yea I been down but I'm still here I can't play the sidelines Yea I can deal with the pain Cause you ain't winning 'less they hollerin' ya name I can't play the sidelines So put me in coach I swear to God, that's all I got to live for On my first rep, tryna max out Lifting burdens, being worried 'til I pass out Jumping hurdles, running laps just for scraps in this rat race Lord knows I'm tired, never step, gotta keep pace Read my playbook, lay my head down Caught a sprain, ice buckets by my bed now Felt a impact like a truck hit me full contact No pads, Lord come get me, I'm down I can feel it in my soul This my last chance to shine but they know I'm getting old Hard to move on, my legs ain't been the same Since I took a fall from greatness Now I knowing when it rains on my homecoming See my folks, smiling I'm the GOAT, but I really need to hold something One more dime, I'll be fine, yea I'm the best in my prime But what about now [Chorus] On the second set, got to do this for myself When the balls in my court, can't depend on no one else This a long shot, but I trained all my life Broke some bone, cried some tears just so I could get it right When it's time, hit the gym trying to win On the off-season doing what I can, but I'm running out of time Got a partner going through it Cause his bills still due and he ain't started since the moment that he signed Physical training and all Rehabilitation the cause of shookin' jivin', no hard turf Ain't no complaining at all when they overturnin' your call This is life and yes it's hard work We out here fighting like dogs in every man backyard Trying to get what was lost reimbursed Just a big ? on the wall, give it my all 'til they hang up my shirt [Chorus]
The easy, fast & fun way to learn how to sing: 30DaySinger.com
Written by: JUSTIN LEWIS SCOTT
Lyrics © BMG Rights Management
Lyrics Licensed & Provided by LyricFind
Discuss the Sideline Lyrics with the community:
Use the citation below to add these lyrics to your bibliography:
"Sideline Lyrics." Lyrics.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2023. Web. 3 Oct. 2023. <https://www.lyrics.com/lyric-lf/875448/Big+K.R.I.T./Sideline>.


text:
To check the status of your passport application visit www.travel.state.gov.
Show All Answers
To schedule an appointment to process your U.S. Passport application with the City of Chino Hills, please visit our appointment site at: www.chinohills.org/appointment.
Applications and information are available on the 2nd floor lobby of the City Clerk's office, Chino Hills City Hall, 14000 City Center Drive, in Chino Hills.
Standard processing is currently taking 10 - 13 weeks.Expedited processing is currently taking up to 7 - 9 weeks.
For those eligible to renew, passport renewals are processed by mail. You'll need to mail in: Form DS-82 along with your most recently issued passport, a recent passport photo, and a check for the passport fee payable to the U.S. Department of State.
Please apply for a new passport immediately. You may report your lost or stolen passport online with the U.S. Department of State or when applying for a new passport, submit the Statement Regarding Lost or Stolen Passport, Form DS-64. You may also contact the U.S. Department of State at 1-877-487-2778 to report your passport lost or stolen.
If you are 16 or older when the passport is issued, then your passport will be valid for 10 years and you'll be eligible to renew your passport within 15 years from the date of issue. If you are 15 or younger when the passport is issued, then your passport is valid for 5 years and you will not eligible to renew your passport by mail but must reapply as a new applicant.
Contact the County Recorder's Office of the county in which you were born. San Bernardino County Recorder's Division Ph: (909) 387-8306; Los Angeles County Registrar Ph: (800) 201-8999; Orange County Clerk-Recorder Ph: (714) 834-2500. You may also contact the Vital Statistics Office in the state where you were born. San Bernardino County Clerk's Website
All applicants using Form DS-11 must apply in person. Both parents or legal guardians, must be present with minor children 15 yrs. old and under. Children 16 and 17 yrs. old must appear in person with one parent's consent. Both parents or legal guardians must show valid I.D. AND proof of relationship to the minor applicant (e.g. birth certificate, adoption decree, or court documentation, etc.)
You will need to complete form DS-5504 to make any data corrections within one year of the issuance date of your current valid passport and submit along with the following: the passport that needs to be amended, certified documentation of your name change (e.g., marriage certificate, divorce decree with your new name,) and a recent passport photo.


text:
Are you looking for a new job? See below for compelling tools to assist in your search!
Every year millions of Americans find themselves unable to vote because they miss a registration deadline, don't update their registration, or aren't sure how to register.
Our partners at Vote Forward have made it easy to contact historically under-represented, not-yet-registered voters living in key 2020 swing states to provide them with everything they need to register to vote.
Click the link to set up an account or sign in, then scroll down to the second row of options and choose one of the campaigns that includes voter registration forms.
Our partners at Vote Forward have made it easy to contact historically under-represented, not-yet-registered voters living in key 2020 swing states to provide them with everything they need to register to vote.
Click the link to set up an account or sign in, then scroll down to the second row of options and choose one of the campaigns that includes voter registration forms.
air gapping
gapping is a security measure that involves physically isolating a
computer or network to prevent it from connecting directly or wirelessly to
other systems that can connect to the Internet. Air gapping is used to
protect many types of critical systems, including those that support the
stock market, the military, the government and industrial power industries.
To prevent unauthorized data extrusion through electromagnetic or electronic exploits, there must be a specified amount of space between the air-gapped system and outside walls and between its wires and the wires for other technical equipment. In the United States, the U.S. National Security Agency TEMPEST project provides best practices for using air gaps as a security measure.
For a system with extremely sensitive data, a Faraday cage can be used to prevent electromagnetic radiation (EMR) escaping from the air-gapped equipment. Although such measures may seem extreme, van Eck phreaking can be used to intercept data such as key strokes or screen images from demodulated EMR waves, using special equipment from some distance away. Other proof-of-concept (POC) attacks for air- gapped systems have shown that electromagnetic emanations from infected sound cards on isolated computers can be exploited and continuous wave irradiation can be used to reflect and gather information from isolated screens, keyboards and other computer components.
As of this writing, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is awarding grants for prototype hardware and software designs that will keep sensitive data physically isolated. The grants are made possible under the Guaranteed Architecture for Physical Security (GAPS) program.
Enhancing air-gapped security measures
The problem with physical separation as a security technique is that, as complexity increases in some system or network to be isolated, so does the likelihood that some unknown or unauthorized external connection will arise.
Perhaps the most important way to protect a computing device or network from an air gap attack is through end user security awareness training. The infamous Stuxnet worm, which was designed to attack air-gapped industrial control systems, is thought to have been introduced by infected thumb drives found by employees or obtained as free giveaways.The software-defined perimeter (SDP) framework is another tool network engineers can use to create a type of "virtual air gapping" through policy enforcement. SDP requires external endpoints that want to access internal infrastructure to comply with authentication policies and ensures that only authenticated systems can see internal IP addresses.
In my books, noted below, I often lament about the lack of civility, deterioration of written communication and abuse of the power of the Internet. Electronic communication, in my opinion, breeds negativity and behavior which does not exist in direct communication.
The following is an except from my first book which addresses angry email replies.
Enjoy the article and check out the website!
For a great satire on email, please see the following:
Good Netiquette And A Green Internet To All!
Special Bulletin - My just released book,
"You're Hired. Super Charge our Email Skills in 60 Minutes! (And Get That Job...)
is now on sales at Amazon.comGreat Reasons for Purchasing Netiquette IQ
· Get more email opens. Improve 100% or more.
· Receive more responses, interviews, appointments, prospects and sales.
· Be better understood.
· Eliminate indecision.
· Avoid being spammed 100% or more.
· Have recipient finish reading your email content.
· Save time by reducing questions.
· Increase your level of clarity.
· Improve you time management with your email.
· Have quick access to a wealth of relevant email information.
Enjoy most of what you need for email in a single book.
=================================**Important note** - contact our company for very powerful solutions for IP
management (IPv4 and IPv6, security, firewall and APT solutions:
Another Special Announcement - Tune in to my radio interview, on Rider University's station, www.1077thebronc.com I discuss my recent book, above on "Your Career Is Calling", hosted by Wanda Ellett.In addition to this blog, Netiquette IQ has a website with great assets which are being added to on a regular basis. I have authored the premiere book on Netiquette, "Netiquette IQ - A Comprehensive Guide to Improve, Enhance and Add Power to Your Email". My new book, "You're Hired! Super Charge Your Email Skills in 60 Minutes. . . And Get That Job!" has just been published and will be followed by a trilogy of books on Netiquette for young people. You can view my profile, reviews of the book and content excerpts at:
In addition to this blog, I maintain a radio show on BlogtalkRadio and an online newsletter via paper.li.I have established Netiquette discussion groups with Linkedin and Yahoo. I am also a member of the International Business Etiquette and Protocol Group and Minding Manners among others. I regularly consult for the Gerson Lehrman Group, a worldwide network of subject matter experts and I have been contributing to the blogs Everything Email and emailmonday . My work has appeared in numerous publications and I have presented to groups such as The Breakfast Club of NJ and PSG of Mercer County, NJ.
I am the president of Tabula Rosa Systems, a "best of breed" reseller of products for communications, email, network management software, security products and professional services. Also, I am the president of Netiquette IQ. We are currently developing an email IQ rating system, Netiquette IQ, which promotes the fundamentals outlined in my book.
Over the past twenty-five years, I have enjoyed a dynamic and successful career and have attained an extensive background in IT and electronic communications by selling and marketing within the information technology marketplace.Anyone who would like to review the book and have it posted on my blog or website, please contact me email@example.com.


text:
Whether your goal is to escape on gravel back roads, far from cars and crowds, or drop the hammer at the front of your favorite gravel race, no bike does it better than the Diverge. It's quite simply the fastest, most capable—and just maybe the most fun—bike we've ever made, delivering a ride that's quick and lively under power, but stable and confidence-inspiring when the terrain gets rough. From Future Shock 2.0 and all-new gravel geometry to internal storage and category-leading tire clearance, the Diverge represents everything we've learned over more than 40 years of riding road, gravel, and dirt. The Diverge writes an entirely new chapter in the gravel bike category, so you can dream up entirely new rides. It's the ultimate getaway vehicle.
The Diverge Comp Carbon features the same game-changing FACT 9r Carbon frame and Future Shock 2.0 as our Pro build but spec'd with Shimano's mechanical shifting GRX 800 2x11 gravel group. Alloy DT Swiss G540 wheels keep you rolling efficiently, while Kanza-winning Pathfinder Pro 38mm tires deliver performance across smooth pavement, dirt roads, and gravel tracks. To give the Diverge Comp a perfectly balanced ride we spec Roval's Terra seat post.
- Nothing unlocks a bike's capability like tire clearance, so we gave the new Diverge a whopping 47mm of tire clearance with a 700c wheel and 2.1-inch with a 650b wheel. Thanks to a drive-side chainstay utilizing a solid beam of carbon behind the chainrings, we've created clearance without using a fragile dropped chainstay design or increasing chainstay length.
- Speed, control, and confidence—Future Shock 2.0 is the ultimate technology for the gravel rider. With 20mm of axial compliance and a hydraulic damper, Future Shock 2.0 suspends the rider, not the bike. This keeps you confident and in control, able to keep the power down and stay off the brakes over rough dirt roads and in thick loose gravel, all while keeping your hands, arms, and neck fresh. Since Future Shock 2.0's damper is adjustable, you'll be ready for the rough stuff and efficient on smooth pavement.
- The more capable your bike, the bigger your rides get, so Diverge borrows SWAT internal storage from the legendary Stumpy. The SWAT door lets you utilize space in the down tube to store tools, a flat kit, nutrition, and even our SWAT Jacket. It keeps weight off your body, low in the bike for better handling, and makes you more self-sufficient, so get out there. SWAT's got your back.
- We tossed gravel geometry "status quo" out the window. The new Diverge has the most progressive geometry we've ever created for a drop bar bike, giving riders a capable and stable bike in the dirt, that still feels responsive and nimble on the road. We've increased the frame's reach and introduced a slacker head tube and a longer offset fork. All this creates incredible confidence with a planted feeling in the dirt, while spec'ing shorter stems keeps the overall cockpit length the same and the steering lively. We've kept the bike's BB low to increase stability, but high enough to utilize with 650b wheels if that's your jam.
- We've given the Diverge plenty of rack mounts, including fork and top tube mounts, to ensure you can take what you need, no matter how far you plan to go or how long you plan to stay out.
- With a FACT 9r carbon frame, the Diverge Comp frame is incredibly capable and race bike light. Pin it for your local dirt climb KOM, or grind up a giant backcountry peak, the light and lively Diverge will get you there faster.
|Specialized Diverge FACT 9r carbon, SWAT Door integration, Future Shock suspension, threaded BB, internal routing, flat-mount disc
|Future Shock 2.0 w/ Damper, Smooth Boot, FACT carbon, flat-mount
Front: 12 x 100mm thru-axle
Rear: 12 x 142mm thru-axle
|DT Swiss G540 rim, 24mm internal width, tubeless ready, 24h
|Specialized full sealed bearing thru axle hub, centerlock disc
|DT Swiss Champion 14G stainless steel spokes; DT Swiss brass nipples
|Pathfinder Pro, 2Bliss Ready, transparent sidewall, 700c x 38
|Shimano GRX RX810-2
|Bottom Bracket
|Shimano threaded
|Shimano Ultegra, 11-speed
|Front Derailleur
|Shimano GRX RX810, braze-on
|Rear Derailleur
|Shimano GRX RX810, 11-speed
|Cassette/Rear Cogs
|Shimano Ultegra, 11-speed, 11-34t
|Shimano GRX 810 hydraulic brake levers, mechanical shifting
|Specialized Adventure Gear Hover, 103mm drop x 70mm reach x 12º flare
|Roubaix S-Wrap
|Future Stem, Comp, w/Integrated computer mount
|Shimano GRX 810, hydraulic disc
|Specialized Dirt
|Body Geometry Power Sport, hollow Cr-Mo rails
|Seat Post
|Roval Terra Carbon, 20mm Offset
|Accessories & Extras
|Integrated SWAT door, internal storage system
* Subject to change without notice.