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In the second part of my article series, before we got on a developer detour, we discussed that Drupal's software interface translation can be pre-provided and collaborated on by the community, but this time we turn to your own content. What's considered content on a Drupal site? Well, in a broad sense, anything that you enter beyond the software user interface translation. For this article, we will limit our discussion to nodes only, and move on to the rest of the structure and page building elements in later pieces.
Language-enabling nodes
Once you enable the built-in Locale module, an interesting small functionality is made available that we did not talk about yet. When you go to edit any content type (at Administration » Structure » Content types), you'll find a Mutilingual support selection widget on the (probably not so obvious) Publishing options vertical fieldset item. This setting really relates to submission options, not publishing options, but that is where it is now (see the related core issue).
But what does enabling multilingual support on a content type means? Well, you'll be able to assign a language to each node for enabled node types. This is useful if you'd like to run a personal multilingual blog for example, where you ocassionaly post in alternate languages, but you have no intention of translating the posts to different languages, just mark them as such.
Once you language enable a content type, a language selection dropdown will appear on node submission. This will include all enabled languages and a special item called Language neutral (which is made the default). The intent of this option is to let you submit nodes without relation to specific languages. Think of nodes you use for images for example, like photos of landscapes that belong to a category of taxonomy terms. The listing or explanations for the gallery would contain translatable text, but the photos could be just the pictures themselves, without translatable content, so you'd use language neutral nodes. (Using entire nodes for image galleries might not be best practice anymore, see the Media project that works with custom entity types).
Language neutral uses the language code 'und', which means undefined and is specified to be used for such cases by the ISO 639 standard. You'll see this language code in Drupal source code all around, so good to know.
Once you language enable a content type, conceptually you should be able to use Views to limit listings per language for example. Drupal core node listings are not language-aware, so merely enabling language support will not limit your front page content listings to certain language nodes only as you switch languages. Unfortunately Views will not let you filter for language in this stage either due to a bug that it bundles the language field filter with node translation. Once you have node translation (see below), views will provide language filtering options.
Translation-enabling nodes
Drupal core carries on the built-in functionality from Drupal 6 to handle translations for nodes in basic ways. Once you enable the core bundled Content translation module on your site, you'll be able to go back to Administration » Structure » Content types and choose Enabled, with translation for multilingual support.
This will in itself not change anything on the node submission user interface. However, once you submit a node in a specific language with that type, a Translation tab will appear on the node edit form. This tab will let you get an overview of all languages on the site, and whether translations of the node are available in those. You'll also be able to add translations for the node or edit any translation. When you choose to translate the base node into a different language, some default fields and the language field will be prefilled for you.
When you edit the original node afterwards, you'll find a new Flag translations as outdated option, that will mark all translations as outdated. This is to be used when substantial editing is made to the base node. This is used by core and contributed modules to highlight outdated translations and help content providers fix up their translations. When a translation is updated the This translation needs to be updated checkbox on the translation should be unchecked. This flag allows translations to be edited without the requirement to also incorporate all source updates at once as well (which would be the case, if we'd only be able to compare last update timestamps).
The built in node translation does not do much else. It also alters the language switcher block links to point to different nodes when switching languages where translated variants are available and it displays links by the nodes themselves for other language versions. However, there were a whole set of modules built around this model in Drupal 6 including the nifty Translation overview module that is still being worked on for Drupal 7 at the time of this writing.
It is important to understand the concept behind this translation feature. The built-in translation module forms translation sets of nodes, where each set has a base node that is translated to the other languages. So the general idea is that you submit nodes in the source language first and translations come afterwards. Translation set relations are very simply managed in the database, but I have not yet seen contributed modules to expose advanced editing of this data (such as assigning existing nodes to existing translation sets, or switching to a different base node for the translation set). It should be fairly easy to write such a module though. In summary, the general concept is that translation sets are formed on top of nodes.
Key advtanges of this approach include well built support for node level content handling all across Drupal core and contrib. The node listing in Drupal allows for language filtering, Views has built-in support, rich node level access checking can be employed to limit permissions on translations, workflows and rules can be set up for nodes, and so on.
Key disadvantages include the above mentioned missing support for advanced translation set handling (which could be implemented in contributed modules) and that sharing data between nodes is cumbersome (and requires more contributed modules). Think of an image gallery again, but this time with captions. The images should be the same, but translations should be made available for titles, captions.
Translation-enabling fields
With the effort to try to solve some shortcomings of node level language support, Drupal 7 now supports languages on the field level! With a huge set of CCK functionality now built into Drupal core, many things on nodes, users, taxonomy terms, comemnts, etc. are fields. Drupal core has built-in support for field languages, you'll find the body field value in code via
$node->body['und'][0]['value'] or for custom fields such as
$node->field_name['und'][0]['value'] (for nodes in undefined languages). Field API lets developers to mark translatable fields, as is done for the default body field, however, no built-in user interface is provided for translatable fields.
Let's compare the concept of field translation to node translation first! As explained above, node translation sets up a set of nodes as a translation set, so all node level tools can be reused for individual translations. Field translation pushes translations inside the node, which allows for handling the whole set including all translations as one single node, and is more applicable when our use case calls for that approach. However, not all pieces of node information are fields.
To provide a user interface on top of field translation, the contributed Translation module suite was built. The suite includes a translation_node.module which replicates the core functionality, and a translation_upgrade.module providing a migration path from node translations to field translations. In a possibly confusing way, instead of leaving the core translation module alone, the base translation.module in the suite replaces the core translation module once enabled (due to using the same filename). That also means you need to run update.php (if you ran core translation.module before) to actually install the module, because technically there is no new module enabled from Drupal's perspective, it just 'moves' to a different place. There is a discussion about renaming the base module.
Now a separate content language detection option appears in Administration » Configuration » Regional and language » Languages, that you can just set to Interface for now, so it uses the same language as the interface. (I'd also suggest you use the URL method for interface as a start, and experiment with the rest later).
You'll also find new options titled Content translation settings under Administration » Configuration » Regional and language. You'll be able to translation-enable certain entity types in Drupal core here. Unlike Drupal 6's CCK, Drupal 7 comes with fields support for beyond nodes, and instead defines a generic base concept called entities, of which nodes are just one type of. We'll limit our discussion to nodes here, so just enable translation for nodes for now.
Remember, above I said Drupal core translation module lets you choose Enabled, with translation for node types. Now, the contributed content translation module allows you to choose Enabled, with content translation and Enabled, with node translation (if the translation_node.module is enabled). Pick the former. Once you content-translation enable a content type, fields will have a Users may translate this field switch, which lets you specify field translation per field. This is the major value-add of the module, you can cherry-pick the fields you'll need to have different in translations.
For a configured content type, adding a base node looks like as before, even the translation tab on the node will look familiar, but once you go to add or edit a translation, you are not actually submitting another node. The translatable fields of the node will be displayed but not most of the other values. The module lets you assign a separate URL alias for the translation (Drupal supports different URL aliases for the same path per language), but you'll not be able to edit the author of the translation, provide a submission date or do other administrative editing on the translation.
Once you have translations submitted, the language switcher block can be used to switch between the translations. If you chose to have different criteria for content and interface language, both will have their respective blocks. You'll notice that your node URL keeps being node/X, but the language of the node displayed will change based on the identified content language.
I'd explain the concept behind this method of translating content is that it creates kind of "language based subentities" under the node entity type. There are "the Hungarian translation of node 8" and "the German translation of node 8" all under node 8. Some non-field properties will be possible to make different in translations because they have specific implementations in the module, but not all.
There are other limitations and characteristics of the module as implemented currently which might change / improve over time. It does not yet support revisioning of translations. Because translations are second class citizens here, when you view the translated node, hitting the edit tab goes to edit the original node, not the translation.
The module keeps track of the submitter user, creation date, last update date, publication status, etc. of the translations in its own database table, and the original node retains the based node values of course. I looked for but could not find Views integration for these translations. I think Views possibly needs to have an entire "translatable node" type to know about, which takes into account the language code and the node number as a compound identifier when making listings, so it could do lists with the individual translations. Currently I could not find ways to list different translations of the same node in a view.
Nodes also have a pretty strong toolset for permissions, which fields are far from matching. Contributed modules as well as custom code can be used to fine-tune node level access for viewing, editing and deleting, but the same is not true for fields (yet?). For nodes, workflows, rules exist, so you can set up different translation nodes in different translation states and fire actions on transitions. These again need to take into account that node identifiers plus the language codes form a compound identifier and to be considered separate to achieve the level of feature set the node level translations offer.
Finally there are also relations of nodes to other things which are neither fields, neither duplicated by translation module. There is some special support for displaying only comments in the same language as the content language but the last comment timestamp is maintained as one single value for all languages. Same holds for menu items. The node form has means to assign the node to a menu item, but given this is a single node, it only has one menu item relation, so translations need to participate in the same menu too.
My understanding is that lots of tools need to be re-imagined to work with language variants under nodes, versus languages assigned to nodes. And it affects functionality all across the contributed module space. Many tools were made translation-set friendly based on the Drupal 6 translation feature set earlier, and translatable fields turns the model upside-down to introduce a completely different methodology to which they still need to adapt. And once/if they fully adapt, translated versions of nodes will need to replicate all of node's functionality to compete with the feature set, so they could have been nodes to begin with.
Keep the limitations of the two systems in mind when choosing your way of doing translations on your new Drupal 7 sites, and keep an eye on updates to tools to support either method better. To recap: node level translation comes with hard to share fields and hard to manage translation sets and field translation comes with missing functionality across existing common tools.
Third option: shared fields would be the ultimate solution?
My understanding is to take advantage of all existing tools (views, access checking, workflows, rules, etc), it would make sense to work on shared field instances, so that we can use the listing, access, workflow, editing, etc tools, and just share the data on the field level between entities for the types of fields we'd like to share data, instead of trying to go the (as far as I see) entirely too separate node translation way or the (in my view) way too integrated field translation method that is still in its infancy.
I do not have resources to work on this unfortunately. I wish I would have.
Site settings and layout up next
Huh, this was a lengthy piece wasn't it? I hope it provided you with good insight into where things stand with node translation. I'm sorry there is no golden answer yet. As we move forward there are more and more moving parts.
In the next piece, I'm planning to look at site settings and layout (blocks and friends). There are lots of interesting things there, I can assure you.
In the meantime, you can still read part 3 and check out part 2 and part 1 of my series.
Node translation differences from D6?
Could you elaborate a little on how node translation changed in D7 from D6? It seems from your writeup that everything is at least conceptually the same.
Thanks for the great series!
There a couple of subtle but substantial differences: the language switcher has now a better UX as missing translations are showed as disabled links instead of not being present. Moreover, and this is the big news, you can create nodes in disabled languages, this allows to make an entire site translation available at once.
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Shared field instances
I just read all your 4 posts of the Drupal 7 Multilangual system. I must say it clarifies a lot about the new possibilities within Drupal 7.
It is good to see that Drupal 7 introduces the field translation functionality compared to the node translation system that is used in Drupal 6. I think this is a big step forward. Unfortunately it isn't as complete as i hoped it was.
I was catched about your thoughts of shared field instances. Could you explain this concept in a bit more detail? I would be happy to spend some time on resolving a solution like you described.
I started work on this a long
I started work on this a long time ago in this issue - http://drupal.org/node/132075
It's theoretically possible to make a 'translation set' entity in contrib, attach fields to this, then render them in node forms and when viewing, but in practice it is likely to be a lot of work. The patch in that issue is very out of date, but the basic concept there would get things started.
Yes could you explain the
Yes could you explain the idea of shared fields in more details?
Translatable fields' real purpose
While I can understand your early-adopter warning, and the few examples you gave are correct, you didn't concisely explain the underlying, fundamental idea of translatable fields.
The main purpose of translatable fields is to have a single entity that actually means the same, regardless of language.
An entity should be a canonical resource. If you read node/8 in English, then someone who reads node/8 in German should read the same. Because it is the same resource.
Now, let's bend your mind (and the spoon) a bit, and think Drupal 7.
You absolutely should be able to just point everyone to your blog post, image, news article, video, page, user account, taxonomy term, comment, book page, or perhaps even e-commerce product, or any other possible entity by linking to the location of the resource. Whether the resource is going to be displayed in an enforced language depends on whether your link already contains language information or not. If it does not, Drupal's language system will automatically negotiate the most appropriate language for every visitor who is following your link.
In an emerging world in which links to unique resources are playing increasingly important roles (RDFa, FOAF, etc), this fundamental concept is key for integration and enhancement.
The shared field instances suggestion still follows the obsolete idea that you'd need a separate resource in order to provide the resource in different languages. This is wrong, because the problem space boils down to data selection and display. Duplicating the resource and hence, its storage is fundamentally the wrong point of attacking the problem space.
However, thanks for this great blog post series! :)
Sun's point is strong and cannot be addressed by simply saying "it's a matter of definitions". URLs are resource identifiers and different nodes have different URLs (leaving aliases alone).
IMO this is a key factor to keep in mind when comparing the two translation models: in-entity translation actually provides a different version of the same resource for each language, this introduces a strict relationship between translations; node translation instead provides a looser relationship between two distinct resources.
In your example of a news item appearing in the english front page but not in the french one, IMO we are dealing with two distinct resources living their own distinct lives. I'd like to cite another example: think of an international e-commerce site selling in US, Canada, UK and France; we might have a product (a single resource) which is available only on the american/canadian market and a product variant (another resource), differing, say, by an electric adapter, available only on the british/french market. Both resources need to be translated, by they also need a relationship because most of their textual content is the same and so translators might simply want to reuse almost all their work.
IMO this is a clear use case of both approaches coexisting, but I think this also points out, that this kind of loose relationship is something that perhaps goes beyond the "translation" meaning, in fact we might have that the two products were originally created in english (en_US and en_GB), but they would be related anyway.
I don't know how much what I'm going to propose is feasible, but perhaps we should try to introduce a solid entity relationship API helping us to deal with different, related, resources ("I want a language switcher that makes me navigate between different articles describing the same event in different languages") and instead focus on making in-entity translation workflow fully functional and matching what can be now accomplished with node translation.
Makes sense
Ok, your point makes sense and I stand corrected about URLs, but what about the e-commerce example I cited? Don't you think a generalization of the relationship concept would make sense too?
Obviously I'm thiniking in the long run, since most of the code currently available supports translation sets (and I know how much painful it has been to reach the current level of support).
shared fields
If I understand correctly, shared fields are what you would do with i18nsync (part of i18n) in D6.
For each field (core and CCK) of a node you can set whether it is synchronized for all translations of a node or if it can have a separate value per language specific node. If a field is synchronised and I change it in one language it will be changed in all other languages as well.
I've never quite understood
I've never quite understood the excitement about translatable fields. Node translation with i18n-sync was quite nice. If we could replace i18n-sync with actual sharing that would be perfect.
Great article (or to be more exact, series of articles).
Just wanted to point out something regarding field translation, Views now supports it, and there's a language setting in Query options that does the same thing that the translation filter does for node translations.
This is just a great article!
This is just a great article! I've searched all the web for informations on the system of translations in Drupal 7 and this one is simply the best, covering all the pros and cons of the different methods (Actually I wasn't aware of the diferences).
I hope you publish it on the official Drupal website or anywhere else, so that people can find it better.
Struggling to enable content translation
Gábor, thank you for the series of articles; this last article was exactly what I was looking for.
I've never used Drupal, and I set up v7 on a server to create a simple site with 4 pages, each of them being available in 3 different languages.
I've explored the configurations and enabled everything that sounded like a language-related feature; despite that - I still don't see how I can translate a page.
The first screenshot in this article - I don't have that.
Here's what I did:
- enable the 'locale' module
- enable the 'content translation' module
- added the languages via Configuration»Regional and language»Languages
- I am logged on as the admin, so I believe I have the necessary rights to translate content; but just to be sure - I checked the respective options in the permissions for 'authenticated users'
If I go to Administration»Structure»Content types, there is no 'Enabled, with translation for multilingual support'.
I'm using the regular flavour of Drupal 7, downloaded from the site; nothing was patched, tweaked, customized. From my perspective, this is a 100% untouched.
I've double-checked everything, yet I must've done something wrong, since it doesn't work.
Where else should I look?
Aaah, I did find the option
Aaah, I did find the option now. It is strange - I was using the same brain and the same pair of eyes, but the option became visible only after you read my comment. This must be an example of a "spooky action at a distance" :-)
I admit, it was a user error (you can't trust these idiots :-)
Thank you for the swift response.
Thanks for these posts in the series, excellent stuff! :) :)
Node / user references
Thanks for the great set of posts about Drupal's multilingual settings, like other commenters have noted, it's certainly given me an insight into the different options available.
One thing, though; how do translation sets work with node references? If a user of a multilingual site creates a node in one language, and selects another node in a node reference field (say someone chooses an Organization while creating a node of type Department), then the node reference does not seem to apply to the translation set, only to one of the nodes within the set.
What's the best way to handle node references with translation sets to prevent this? Or perhaps the approach where a single node is given fields translations a bit better in this situation?
Currently the best solution
Currently the best solution is keep using Drupal 6 for this usecase. Unfortunatly node/entity reference are under development on the D7 side and the support for i18n is not available... Probably Drupal 8 could be shipped with a stronger internationalization support :-)
One year after the launch of
One year after the launch of Drupal 7, if you need a working translatable CMS you still have to use Drupal 6 with the help of modules like node_relationships (and maybe with some patches) in order to cover a lot of use cases :-(
Drupal 7 is not ready yet... and probably it never will be. Maybe Drupal 8 could provide a better i18n experience, but we'll have to wait at least 18 months :-(
instead of 'und' use the LANGUAGE_NONE constant,
and numbers do not need apostrophes. (it is a zero not a character o, the formatting of the number 0 is "very interesting" on this blog.)
Just FYI, the contrib Content
Just FYI, the contrib Content Translation module has been replaced with the Entity Translation module: http://drupal.org/project/entity_translation
Translate selectlist option values in drupal 7
I already posted this on drupal but there was no response, and here seems like the right place for this question.
I'm using the node translation on drupal 7.
I've added some CCK seleclist fields to my site.
They have the following allowed values:
How can I translate the textual values?
In drupal 6 you had the option to write PHP code for allowed values, so in that way translation was available (For more details see http://drupal.org/node/182884#comment-280925).
But I don't see an equivalent field in drupal 7...
Neither can i find any other issues that solves this problem.
Gábor? Anybody?
No, Couldn't get that to work
Thanks for your response but I couldn't get field translation to work for lists :S
This is my workaround for the moment
I think it is better to write
I think it is better to write a small module to install the fields. Then a function can give you the options for your list.
Example Fewo Module:
File fewo.install
function fewo_install() {
function _create_fewo_node_fields() {
$type = 'fewo';
$field = field_info_field('field_fewo_equipment');
$instance = field_info_instance('node', 'field_fewo_equipment', $type);
if (empty($field)) {
$field = array(
'field_name' => 'field_fewo_equipment',
'translatable' => TRUE,
'type' => 'list_integer',
'module' => 'list',
'cardinality' => -1,
'settings' => array(
'allowed_values_function' => '_allowed_values_field_fewo_equipment',
if (empty($instance)) {
$instance = array(
'field_name' => 'field_fewo_equipment',
'entity_type' => 'node',
'bundle' => $type,
'label' => t('Equipment'),
'required' => 0,
'widget' => array(
'type' => 'options_buttons',
'module' => 'options',
'weight' => -21,
'display' => array(
'default' => array(
'label' => 'hidden',
'type' => 'list_default',
'teaser' => array(
'type' => 'hidden',
Now in the fewo.module file do this:
function _allowed_values_field_fewo_equipment() {
$allowed_values = array(
1 => t('Dishwasher'),
2 => t('Cooker'),
3 => t('Oven'),
4 => t('Microwave'),
5 => t('Toaster'),
6 => t('Fridge'),
7 => t('Freezer'),
8 => t('Holiday Apartment'),
return $allowed_values;
It is better to use a function because you can get your options from different place like a database table.
Existing node as translation node
When I click on add translation for a node, it forces me to add a new node. What if we already have translation in an existing node? Is there a module or extension that allows me to choose an existing node as the translation, without having to add one?
i18n.module has this option since version 1.1.
The 'select translations for ...' fieldset at the bottom of this translations page (screenshot) is what you mean, right? It's added by i1n.module.
...or not (yet), sorry.
My mistake. I still live in this ancient Drupal 6 world...
For Drupal 7, i18n_node.pages.inc (or the "Multilingual Content" submodule) has this code. But it's commented out for now. Noone seems to have gotten around yet to upgrading it & testing it on D7. Shouldn't be that hard, indeed.
translation module obsolete by entity_translation
...mention of the Translation module and link should be updated to refer/point to Entity translation.
Teaser Translation
Thanks for these posts Gábor...
Following them I have single node translation for 3 other (than en), languages working well - is it possible to translate the front page teaser content? (no teaser displays for each of the non-en translations unless content language detection is set to Default (en))
many thanks :)
Teaser Translation
Thanks Gabor,
With multiple post teasers it would take a view because, as you indicate, the node's path is language specific and the front page's (ie the default content feed) is not?
So going back from a translated node to Home uses a language path nothing has been published to whereas using taxonomy for example, with language specific terms, the teasers are translated
Drupal 7 multi-lingual step by step guide
Hi, Is there a Drupal 7 multi-lingual step by step guide?
und means undetermined
Thanks for this great series!
Just a small clarification: the language code 'und' means 'undetermined', not 'undefined':
I only need to mix two different content type with: "Enabled" and "Enabled, with translation". But it's not supported in a good way. I have this options
Multilingual support:
-Enabled, with translation
If enabled, a language selection field will be added to the editing form, allowing you to select from one of the enabled languages. You can also turn on translation for this content type, which lets you have content translated to any of the installed languages.
But whan I "Enabled", to have two Forums, seems evrything is fine, but I create Forum topic, "My great topic" and url is: http://example.com/forum/my-great-topic, but whan I go to secend language, like (german) I get http://.example.com/german/node/1.
But I will like to have only one url. Because, I want to build multilingual forum in sub-categories. This is impossible.
Also, if I like to have publications type, but I want to allow people to add books, but I will not like to translate every single node. Example: If you do not know Chinese and node have abstarct with pdf file version of chinese book, why you will download this book, and why I will tanslate this node to Hungarian. So you will like to find publication in Hungarian with pdf extension, am I right?
"Enabled, with translation" working fine, but this is secend options. "Enabled" This should mean you can have content only in this language and didn't get ugly url:... /node/1???
This is, also, issue of duplicate content in Google, yes?
http://drupal.org/project/translation404 Translation404 improve translations in D6. Little module do great things. It's allow you to tray to change language but give you 404 error, with translated interface, so you can continue seek new content to read in your native language.
So do you have any solutions?
Thank you
Import/link content translations with nodes
Hi everyone, I need to find solution how to import translated content into nodes from file. I can easly import nodes with Feed Import module but I don't know how to link this nodes with translations.
My english is bad so here you go an example:
Basic article with 'title' and 'body' in Polish.
Now I've got translated basic article in .po or .csv file in English
It's posible to link/import translation?
Thanks for any help.
Language-enabling nodes
Thanks Gábor, You've answered my questions! Lifesaver..........
required language
I'm using node translation. Is it possible to require e.g. English language version first before enabling translation to the other languages? I wasn't not able to find answer anywhere.
Drupal 7 Missing Select tab for Multilingual settings
I am trying to make Multilingual on entity but "Select" not showing up under Multilingual settings config below.
Administration » Configuration » Regional and language » Multilingual settings: /admin/config/regional/i18n/select) and make sure that "Select nodes by language" option is disabled.


text:
Book details
Say No More
About This Book
Book Details
Say No More: The Thrilling Next Installment in Hank Phillippi Ryan's Award-Winning Jane Ryland Series!
When Boston reporter Jane Ryland reports a hit and run, she soon learns she saw more than a car crash—she witnessed the collapse of an alibi. Working on an expose of sexual assaults on college campuses for the station's new documentary unit, Jane's just convinced a date rape victim to reveal her heartbreaking experience on camera. However, a disturbing anonymous message—SAY NO MORE—has Jane really and truly scared.
Homicide detective Jake Brogan is on the hunt for the murderer of Avery Morgan, a hot-shot Hollywood screenwriter. Her year as a college guest lecturer just ended at the bottom of her swimming pool in the tight-knit and tight-lipped Boston community called The Reserve. As Jake chips his way through a code of silence as shatterproof as any street gang, he'll learn that one newcomer to the neighborhood may have a secret of her own.
A young woman faces a life-changing decision—should she go public about her assault? Jane and Jake—now semi-secretly engaged and beginning to reveal their relationship to the world—are both on a quest for answers as they try to balance the consequences of the truth.
Imprint Publisher
Macmillan Audio

subset: commoncrawl


text:
On selected products
We are committed to protecting and respecting your privacy.
Everyone has rights with regard to the way in which their personal information is handled. During the course of our activities we will collect, store and process personal information about our customers, suppliers and other third parties, and we recognise that the correct and lawful treatment of this data will maintain confidence in the organisation and will provide for successful business operations.
This policy sets out the basis on which any personal information we collect from you, or that you provide to us, will be processed by us. Please read the following carefully to understand our views and practices regarding your personal information and how we will treat it.
For the purpose of UK data protection laws, the data controller is Lifemarque Limited of Bacchus House, 1 Calleva Park, Aldermaston, RG7 8EN.
When processing your information, we must comply with the six enforceable principles of good practice. These provide that your personal information must be:
We may collect, use, store and transfer different kinds of personal information about you, including:
Information relating to your racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religious or philosophical beliefs, trade union membership, health, criminal convictions, sex life or sexual orientation, or certain types of genetic or biometric data is known as 'special category' data.
During the course of dealing with you, we do not expect to collect any 'special category' data about you.
We may obtain personal information by directly interacting with you, such as:
We may obtain personal information via automated technology when you interact with our website by using cookies, server logs and other similar technologies.
We may also collect personal information about you from third parties or publicly-available sources, such as:
We will only use your personal information when the law allows us to. Most commonly, we will use your personal information in the following circumstances:
We will only use 'special category' information:
We may use your personal information for a number of different purposes. For each purpose, we are required to confirm the 'legal basis' that allows us to use your information, as follows:
|Purposes for which we will use the information you give to us
|Legal basis
|To register you as a new customer
|It will be necessary for the performance of the contract between you and us
|To process your order and, if accepted, to deliver the products to you (including managing payments, fees and charges)
|It will be necessary for the performance of the contract between you and us
|To collect and recover money owed to us
|It will be necessary for our legitimate business interests, namely to ensure we receive payment for products that you have ordered from us
|To notify you about changes to our terms of sale or this privacy policy
|It will be necessary for our legitimate business interests, namely to ensure you are aware of our current terms and conditions
|To administer our website and for internal operations, including troubleshooting, data analysis, testing, research, statistical and survey purposes, to allow you to participate in interactive features of our service, when you choose to do so, to measure or understand the effectiveness of advertising we serve to you and others, and to deliver relevant advertising to you and to make suggestions and recommendations to you and other users of our website about goods or services that may interest you or them
|It will be necessary for our legitimate business interests to ensure you receive the best experience possible when accessing and using our website. We will comply with our cookie policy when processing this information
|To enable you to participate in a prize draw, competition or complete a survey
|It will be necessary for our legitimate business interests, namely to study how customers use our products, to develop them and help grow our business
|To provide you with information about special offers and other products we sell that are similar to those that you have already received from us
|Where you have previously received marketing communications from us, then it will be necessary for our legitimate business interests, namely to ensure you continue to receive communications that you have previously agreed to receive. In all other cases, we will only do this if you give us your consent
We will only use your personal information for the purpose(s) for which we collected it, unless we reasonably consider that we need to use it for another reason and that reason is compatible with the original purpose. If we need to use your personal information for an unrelated purpose, we will notify you and we will explain the legal basis which allows us to do so.
Please note that we may process your personal information without your knowledge or consent, in compliance with the above rules, where this is required or permitted by law.
We strive to provide you with choices regarding certain personal data uses, particularly around marketing and advertising.
You can ask us to stop sending you marketing communications at any time by following the instructions on your user account or by contacting Neil Butler by writing to the address shown on our website, or by emailing us at email@example.com
It is a contractual requirement for you to provide us with certain information, namely your name, address, email address and debit/credit card information. If you do not provide us with that information, we will be unable to accept and process your order and deliver the products to you.
Our website uses cookies to distinguish you from other users of our website. This helps us to provide you with a good experience when you browse our website and also allows us to improve our website. A cookie is a small file of letters and numbers that we store on your browser or the hard drive of your computer if you agree. Cookies contain information that is transferred to your computer's hard drive.
We use the following cookies:
Please note that third parties (including, for example, advertising networks and providers of external services like web traffic analysis services) may also use cookies, over which we have no control. These cookies are likely to be analytical/performance cookies or targeting cookies.
You block cookies by activating the setting on your browser that allows you to refuse the setting of all or some cookies. However, if you use your browser settings to block all cookies (including essential cookies) you may not be able to access all or parts of our website.
Except for essential cookies, all cookies will expire after 30 days.
We may share your personal information with the parties set out below:
When you provide your personal information to Sagepay, PayPal and any other third-party online payment provider that we may use from time to time, they will act as controllers of your information in their own right, and not as our data processors. As a result, you should familiarise yourself with and ensure you're happy to accept their privacy policies before you provide them with any of your personal information.
We require all third parties to respect the security of your personal information and to treat it in accordance with the law. We do not allow our third-party service providers to use your personal information for their own purposes and only permit them to process your personal information for specified purposes and in accordance with our instructions.
All information you provide to us is stored on our secure servers in the United Kingdom and the United States of America.
We will take all steps reasonably necessary to ensure that your data is treated securely, including taking the following safeguards:
If you are concerned about the levels of data security in any of those countries, please let us know and we will endeavour to advise what steps will be taken to protect your data when stored overseas.
Unfortunately, the transmission of information via the internet is not completely secure. Although we will do our best to protect your personal information, we cannot guarantee the security of your data transmitted to our website; any transmission is at your own risk. Once we have received your information, we will use strict procedures and security features to try to prevent unauthorised access.
The length of time that we will store your data will depend on the 'legal basis' for why we are using that data, as follows:
|Legal basis
|Length of time
|Where we use/store your data because it is necessary for the performance of the contract between you and us
|We will use/store your data for as long as it is necessary for the performance of the contract between you and us
|Where we use/store your data because it is necessary for us to comply with a legal obligation to which we are subject
|We will use/store your data for as long as it is necessary for us to comply with our legal obligations
|Where we use/store your data because it is necessary for our legitimate business interests
|We will use/store your data until you ask us to stop. However, if we can demonstrate the reason why we are using/storing your data overrides your interests, rights and freedoms, then we will continue to use and store your data for as long as it is necessary for the performance of the contract between you and us (or, if earlier, we no longer have a legitimate interest in using/storing your data)
|Where we use/store your data because you have given us your specific, informed and unambiguous consent
|We will use/store your data until you ask us to stop
To determine the appropriate retention period for personal information, we consider the amount, nature and sensitivity of the personal information, the potential risk of harm from unauthorised use or disclosure of your personal information, the purposes for which we process your personal information and whether we can achieve those purposes through other means, and the applicable legal requirements.
You have various legal rights in relation to the information you give us, or which we collect about you, as follows:
If you wish to exercise any of your legal rights, please follow the instructions on your user account or contact Neil Butler by writing to the address shown on our website, or by emailing us at firstname.lastname@example.com
You also have the right, at any time, to lodge a complaint with the Information Commissioner's Office if you believe we are not complying with the laws and regulations relating to the use/storage of the information you give us, or that we collect about you.
We do not use automated decision-making processes.
Our website may include links to third-party websites, plug-ins and applications. Clicking on those links or enabling those connections may allow third parties to collect or share data about you. We do not control these third-party websites and are not responsible for their privacy statements. When you leave our website, we encourage you to read the privacy notice of every website you visit.
Any changes we make to our policy in the future will be posted on our website and, where appropriate, notified to you by email or via social media. Please check our website frequently to see any updates or changes to our policy.
Questions, comments and requests regarding this policy are welcomed and should be addressed to Neil Butler by writing to the address shown on our website, or by emailing us at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Are you interested in pursuing a position in investment banking, private equity, equity research or other competitive fields in finance? Then this is the perfect opportunity for you to demonstrate your abilities to prospective employers and/or be up to speed and outperform other interns or analysts as you start our internships and full-time positions this summer.
The Loeb Center's Business and Finance Program has partnered with Adventis to provide practical modeling experience through its proven Financial Modeling Certification (FMC) Program. This intensive, two-day boot camp provides hands-on financial modeling training. Adventis' unique training style consists of having students build financial models and analyses entirely from scratch, while explaining key concepts along the way. This approach enables students to retain more concepts and develop a valuable skill set. It also provides the basis for students to proceed with their certification.
Certified students have been able to demonstrate to employers that they have strong analytical capabilities and are ready to hit the ground running. It has also proven to be a great discussion topic for networking and interviews. For those looking to excel quickly in their full-time or internship position or for sophomores looking to demonstrate abilities to potential employers, this program will reduce your learning curve and put you on a more even playing field with finance majors with whom you will be competing. Click here to learn how certified students have used their experience with the FMC Program to impress interviewers and ultimately land positions at top firms on Wall Street.
Dates: Saturday, February 1, and Sunday, February 2
Time: 9 AM – 5 PM (includes a 1-hour lunch break each day)
Location: Science Center, Kirkpatrick Lecture Hall (A011)
Materials: Includes a 40-page trainee packet
This course requires a PC (not a Mac). We will have PC laptops available for you to use during the boot camp if you do not have one of your own.
Certification Exams: Held approximately every other week after the boot camp.
Day 1 Highlights:
• Build a 3-statement financial model of Allegiant Travel
• Build public & M&A comparables, a WACC analysis, a DCF analysis, and a "football field" analysis
Day 2 Highlights:
• Build a leveraged buyout analysis
• Build a 3-statement financial model
Adventis is offering a discounted price of $199, as long as you enroll before Sunday, January 13, 2020. After this date the fee increases to $245. Scholarships are available, but you must enroll online AND email Stephanie Hockman (email@example.com) prior to January 10 to request a scholarship. Space is limited.


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Diabetes: Recommendations for Persons Undergoing Blood Glucose Monitoring in Evacuation Centers for the Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission
Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels through the use of fingerstick devices and portable glucose meters is an important component of routine diabetes care. Adherence to Standard Precautions, as well as specific infection control recommendations targeting diabetic care procedures in group residence settings is needed to prevent the transmission of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus.
The following recommendations can keep diabetics and other evacuation center residents from acquiring infections with bloodborne pathogens.
Diabetes Care Procedures and Techniques
- Prepare medications such as insulin in a centralized medication area; multiple-dose insulin vials should be assigned to individual residents and labeled appropriately.
- Never reuse needles, syringes, or lancets.
- Restrict use of fingerstick capillary blood sampling devices to individual residents. Consider selecting single-use lancets that permanently retract upon puncture.
- Dispose of used fingerstick devices and lancets at the point of use in an approved sharps container.
- Environmental surfaces such as glucose meters should be decontaminated regularly and any time contamination with blood or body fluids occurs or is suspected.
- glucose meters should be assigned to individual residents. If a glucose meter that has been used for one resident must be reused for another resident, the device must be cleaned and disinfected with 1:10 dilution household bleach and clean water.
- Do not carry supplies and medications in pockets.
- Because of possible inadvertent contamination, unused supplies and medications taken to a resident's bedside during fingerstick monitoring or insulin administration should not be used for another resident.
Hand Hygiene and Gloves
- Wear gloves during fingerstick glucose monitoring, administration of insulin, and during any other procedure that involves potential exposure to blood or body fluids.
- Change gloves between resident contacts. Change gloves that have touched potentially blood-contaminated objects or fingerstick wounds before touching clean surfaces.
- Remove and discard gloves in appropriate receptacles after every procedure that involves potential exposure to blood or body fluids, including fingerstick blood sampling.
- Perform hand hygiene (i.e., hand washing with soap and water or use of an alcohol hand gel) immediately after removal of gloves and before touching other medical supplies intended for use on other residents.
Other Considerations
- Review regularly the individual residents' schedules for fingerstick blood glucose sampling and insulin administration and reduce the number of percutaneous procedures to the minimum necessary for appropriate medical management of diabetes and its complications.
- Assure that adequate staffing levels are maintained to perform all scheduled diabetes care procedures, including fingerstick blood glucose monitoring.
- Consider the diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis infection in residents who develop an illness that includes hepatic dysfunction or elevated aminotransaminase levels (AST or ALT).
If you want more information on training and oversight, please see www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/Resources.
View Page In:pdf icon PDF [91K]
Page last reviewed: September 13, 2005


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Do I need to retain my original
source document in my word processor or file system after I have
converted it to a PDF/A document?
It is easier to modify your original source document and then
save it as a PDF/A document again if needed than it is to try
and modify a document that has been saved as PDF/A.
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New Faculty Technology Orientation
Introduction – How this service can help
This documents provides a directory of services designed to address the needs of
faculty who are new to the campus. The information below is provided by personnel throughout the campus, but this resource is maintained by Robert Harris, who encourages any form of feedback:
Cheng Library 120h - firstname.lastname@example.com - 973.720.2451
Getting Support
To obtain any form of technology support please file a ticket with the Online Help Desk. Tickets are routed to the appropriate technologist who will reach out to you as soon as possible. Support on the help desk is transparent; users will know who is working on their issue, will be able to follow the progress of the ticket, will be able to communicate with the tech along the way.
To access the Online Help Desk please point your browser to: http://www.wpunj.edu/helpdesk
- Illustration, Sample of a password request form
Audio Visual Design and Production
Broadcast and Production Services assists in the design, creation and operation of audio and video systems and facilities for the William Paterson University community. Under its four service areas, Audio Operations, Film & Video Operations, Cable Television Operations, and Video Conferencing & Satellite Operations, the staff provides professional expertise and service to support the academic programs across campus. BPS is a unit within Instruction and Research Technology
To access information about Audio Visual Design and Production point your browser to this page: http://www.wpunj.edu/irt/bp-service/index.dot
WPconnect is the university's portal. It serves as a centralized method of access to various university information and online services including email, Self-Service Banner, and other WPUNJ applications.
Banner is the university's central information system. It consists of various modules including:
- Faculty and Advisor Self-Service (example of services: Course Offerings, Class Rosters, Grade Entry, Student/Advisee Information)
- Finance Self-Service (Requisition Entry and Approvals, Budget Information)
- Employee Self-Service (Pay Information, Time Balances)
To access WPConnect point your web browser to: http://WPConnect.wpunj.edu and enter your university credentials.
- Illustration, WPConnect Login
- Illustration, Blackboard Learn Login page (08-2103)
- Illustration, Teaching with Blackboard Course site (08-2103)
- Android Market (find on your device)
- BlackBerry App World
- iTunes App Store for iPad
- iTunes App Store for iPhone and iPod Touch
- Palm webOS Store
- An overview of the major features of Blackboard Collaborate
- Initiate a Collaborate Session pdf
- Essentials for Moderators
- Essentials for Participants
- Collaborate On Demand Learning Center
- Illustration, Collaborate Features
- Illustration, Sample of a password request form
- Illustration, Articles Menu (08-2013)
- Illlustration, Links Menu (08-2013)
- Illustration, IT Policies Introduction (08-2013)
- Using the Software Center
Course Offerings module
Attendance Report
Final Grade
Blackboard, the learning management system
To access Blackboard point your web browser to: https://bb.wpunj.edu/
Blackboard allows faculty to post documents, audio, and video, and collaborate online. Over three quarters of all sections offered in any given semester feature Blackboard hosted content.
Faculty can use Blackboard as an adjunct to traditional courses, in totally online courses, and in courses that feature a hybrid of online and traditional formats. University Policy On Online And Hybrid/blended Courses
Select this link to access the Bb/Faculty Support page in the IT Wiki Faculty Support
Frequently Asked Questions
Teaching with Blackboard All faculty should be enrolled in the Teaching with Blackboard course and will find it in their "Courses you are taking" module. The course is a good way to get started and can serve as a resource even for instructors who've worked with Blackboard for some time. This tool is especially handly for faculty who've used Blackboard at other institutions, as we may be using tools and employing standard practices which differ somewhat from what might be found elsewhere.
Blackboard Mobile
Blackboard Mobile Learn takes interactive teaching and learning to the mobile device, giving students and teachers instant access to their courses, content, and communities anywhere.
Simply download the application and install your device. The Blackboard Mobile Learn application can be downloaded from the following places:
Getting Started:
After launching the app on your device, search for "William Paterson University" and enter your university username and password to securely login and begin accessing your Blackboard courses.
Select this link for a quick introduction to the features of Blackboard Mobile Learn for iPad.
Select this link to access tutorials for other devices.
Center for Teaching & Learning with Technology
The Center for Teaching and Learning Technology (CTLT), located in room 120k of the Cheng Library, is focused on providing dynamic consultation in pedagogy and technology and offering instructional design and development services for faculty members at William Paterson University.
Our aim is to help the university community integrate technology with teaching and learning. Walk-in support is welcome.
To access the CTLT page, which includes links to Roundtable descriptions and schedules, point your browser to: http://www.wpunj.edu/irt/ctlt/
Quality Matters
QM is a national benchmark for online coursed design at William Paterson University
Quality Matters (QM) is a leader in quality assurance for online education and has received national recognition for its peer-based approach to continuous improvement in online education and student learning. The program features:
- Faculty-centered, continuous improvement models for assuring the quality of online courses through peer review - Professional development workshops and certification courses for instructors and online learning professionals - Rubrics for applying quality standards to course design
For more information please see the Quality Matters page at http://www.wpunj.edu/irt/ctlt/qm/
David and Lorraine Cheng Library
To access the Cheng Library point your browser here: http://www.wpunj.edu/library/
Mission The David and Lorraine Cheng Library is the academic information center of William Paterson University. The Library advances the University's mission of promoting student success, academic excellence, and community outreach and upholds its values of diversity and equity. To further this mission, the Library seeks to acquire, organize and provide access to scholarly materials in traditional and emergent media, to support the educational programs of the University, to assist and instruct in the use of information resources, to provide a balanced and diverse collection, and to offer the broadest possible access to information wherever available. The Library also collects, organizes and preserves selected documents and artifacts pertaining to the history of the University. The Library staff is dedicated to the world of learning and is committed to continued personal and professional growth. The staff participates widely in campus life and governance and actively collaborates with the teaching faculty and other staff to advance the University's mission. The Library promotes inquiry in an intellectually open atmosphere and resists all efforts at censorship.
A to Z Directory
Course Reserves for Print, Media, Electronic Resources
Interlibrary Loan
Library resources for faculty and staff
Remote access
Resource Guides by Subject
Workshops and Tutorials
Announcements – Campus wide
To access University announcements point your browser here: www.wpunj.edu/announcements
Announcements are divided into six categories: Academics, Student Services and Resources, Entertainment, Workshops and Conferences, University Business, and Community. Special alerts are also posted to the Announcements page.
Faculty can submit announcement requests through the Web Help Desk: www.wpunj.edu/help
Collaborate – Web conferencing
Blackboard Collaborate is a erb conferencing tool available for teaching, hosting meetings, and holding office hours.
To access the instructional site for Collaborate web conferencing point your web browser to: http://www.wpunj.edu/bb/collaborate/collaborate-learn.dot
Support Links
Collaborate features
Emergency Services
To access a full listing of emergency services point your web broswer to Emergency Services
In case of fire, call university police, at extension 2300 all 911 calls from a campus phone are directed to university police
The President of the University may cancel classes due to weather conditions or other campus emergencies. The Office of Telecommunications is responsible for issuing those announcements at the direction of the President or his designee. Weather Emergency Number 973-720-2475
(Online) Help Desk
To obtain any form of technology support please file a ticket with the Online Help Desk. Tickets are routed to the appropriate technologist who will reach out to you as soon as possible. Support on the help desk is transparent; users will know who is working on their issue, will be able to follow the progress of the ticket, will be able to communicate with the tech along the way.
To access the Online Help Desk please point your browser to: http://www.wpunj.edu/helpdesk/
Help documents – IT Wiki
To access the WPUNJ IT Wiki please point your web browser to: https://www.wpunj.edu/itwiki/
The IT Wiki houses technical documentation, how-tos, and step-by-step instructions related to a wide variety of technology services offered by William Paterson University. Many articles include easy to follow screenshots and pictures to illustrate instructions.
IT Policies
To access the full listing of IT Polcies please point your web browser to IT Policies
The IT Policies govern the use of William Paterson University information technology services and resources by all faculty, staff, students and other authorized users.
Media Services
To access Media Services please point your web browser to: http://www.wpunj.edu/irt/media-services/index.dot
Media Services is located on the first floor of the David and Lorraine Cheng Library with satellite offices in Science East 3054, Valley Road 16, and Hobart Hall 116. IRT supports the instructional and research needs of WPUNJ faculty, staff and students. Media Services acquires, maintains and provides access to audio visual materials and accompanying equipment that represents all academic disciplines. Media Services oversees the smart classrooms, audio and listening facilities, production services and streaming content.
The Media Services library collections contains materials covering all academic disciplines in a variety of formats with over 19,000 DVDs and videotapes, 1000's streaming videos, audio CDs, CD-ROMS, 16mm films, and kits and games. Equipment circulation includes wireless laptops, iPads, digital recorders, flip cameras, student response systems (clickers), and portable projectors
Mobile devices
Software for faculty personal use
Adobe Creative Cloud
WPU faculty and staff are eligible to benefit from a Work at Home option to obtain the Adobe Creative Cloud – Master Collection software.
Users should request software by visiting the Help Desk and submitting a ticket. Select Software>Request as the Request Type category.
An appointment will be made for the client to obtain the software from the Help Desk, which is located in College Hall 140. The client should bring a usb drive, 8 GB or larger, to the Help Desk at the scheduled time. The software and appropriate serial key will be provided at that time.
On your office workstation use the Software Center to download software, including the suite of Adobe software.
MS Office
- Login to WPconnect
- Click on the employee tab
- Available applications
- Employee applications link
- Employee services
- Microsoft Office Home Use Program.
Smart Classrooms
The Main campus boasts over 150 smart classrooms -- for more information please select this link
For help with the 50 smart rooms in the Valley Road campus please select this link
Technology Consultants
The TC program is a part of the User Services group. The mission of the Technology Consultant (TC) program is to assist and educate the campus community in all aspects of academic technology. Students, faculty, and staff can benefit through technology workshops, software maintenance, and specialized software knowledge provided by our staff.
The TC program at WPUNJ offers computer labs, software, hardware, and a wide range of services, largely facilitated by students. The program serves a student body of 10,000 and the TC staff has over 100 employees. TCs are trained to meet the needs of students, faculty, and staff in software and Internet applications available in all the WPUNJ computer labs.
The TC program and computer labs are funded by the technology fee paid with tuition. TCs can be identified by the maroon vests they wear and can be found in all open access computer labs. All TCs receive mandatory training, which covers both technology and consulting-specific material, before working in the labs.
For more information about the TC program, workshops that they faciliate and lab hours and locations, please visit the User Services webpage.
Web server, academic
Nova is an academic web server for academic and professional pages.
Members of the WPUNJ University community may obtain an account on Academic by completing the Nova Account Request form. Your account will usually be activated within 24 hours (48 on the weekends). Academic accounts are accessible 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Academic account holders are responsible for creating and mounting their own web pages. Faculty instruction by the staff of the Center for Teaching & Learning with Technology
Please select this link for Nova Documentation.
Use this link to get started with wireless for Windows 10, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Mac OSX, Android, iPhone/iPad/Touch, and gaming devices.


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Lafayette Little League Comes Up On Wrong Side Of Seesaw Contest
"Everything that could go wrong has gone wrong for Lafayette, Louisiana."
Those words were spoken by play-by-play broadcaster James P. Bitterman in the bottom of the 5th inning. And he was right. The Lafayette Little League Junior All Stars (13-14 year old) had given up a 6-0 lead they had built over the first three innings, in which they scored 3 runs in the 1st, 2 runs in the 2nd and another run in the 3rd. But over the 4th and 5th innings, Goodlettsville, Tennessee (US Southeast), scored 10 runs on only 2 hits, taking advantage of numerous walks, hit batsmen and errors committed by Lafayette (US Southwest). Tennessee had a 10-6 lead and it looked as if it was over for Lafayette. But then the game got even more interesting.
In the top of the 6th inning, Colin Thibodeaux came to the plate for Lafayette and hit a solo home run, helping ignite a rally that saw Lafayette score 5 runs in their half of the inning. Just like that, Lafayette had come back to take an 11-10 lead.
But Tennessee responded with a big inning of their own, scoring 3 runs in the bottom of the 6th inning to take a 13-11 lead into the 7th inning. Tennessee left the bases loaded.
But Lafayette wouldn't go quietly. Colin Thibodeaux stepped up to the plate and ignited another rally, hitting a double. Lafayette scored a run to cut the deficit to 13-12. But with two Lafayette runners on base, Tennessee closed the door on the rally to take the 13-12 win and leave each team with one loss in the Junior League World Series in Taylor, Michigan.
Next up for Lafayette is the team from Arizona (US West). First pitch is scheduled for 8:30 p.m. on Thursday on ESPN 1420 AM and espn1420.com. Despite the loss, Lafayette (2-1 in the tournament) is still very much alive in their quest to play for the United States Championship on Friday night, a game that would air on Newstalk 96.5 FM KPEL. According to Bitterman, in breaking any ties between three teams that may have the same record, to determine which teams will go to the U.S. Championship Game, "the first tie breaker is runs/defensive innings played. If this is the first tie breaker when LLL plays the last game of the tournament on Thursday night it won't be how many we score but how many we give up."


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Think the world needs an alternative to corporate media? Click here to make a tax-deductible donation to Truthout and keep independent journalism strong.
Washington, DC — Syrian opposition leaders say there's just one way to interpret the U.S. stalling on promised military aid at a time when rebels are losing ground to forces loyal to President Bashar Assad: Goodbye, and good luck.
Congressional intelligence committees have signed off on a proposal that the Obama administration made more than a month ago to have the CIA funnel unspecified arms and training to rebels aligned with the moderate Supreme Military Council, led by a defected Syrian general, Salim Idriss. But other developments indicate little U.S. enthusiasm for delving much deeper into the chaotic Syrian civil war, in which both sides are relying on military support from organizations the U.S. has designated as terrorists.
"The longer the international community takes to do something, the crisis and the extremism and the chaos on the ground intensifies," said Mariam Jalabi, a spokeswoman for the visiting Syrian leaders. "We feel the international community pulling its hand out says, 'You're on your own.'"
Senior leaders of the Syrian Opposition Coalition, the group the United States has recognized as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people, traveled to New York for meetings Thursday with United Nations officials. But they won't be stopping in Washington; they weren't invited to meet with Obama administration officials here. They finagled a meeting with Secretary of State John Kerry only because he was in New York on other business.
Idriss, the U.S.-backed rebel leader who now refers snidely to his "American friends," chose to skip the visit to New York, in large part because he predicted it would be a waste of time.
"He doesn't feel like the Americans are as willing to fully support the opposition in ways that would make that trip worth it to him," said Elizabeth O'Bagy, a researcher of Syrian rebel groups who's in daily contact with Idriss and who does contract work on State Department programs for Syria.
Syrian Opposition Coalition leader Ahmad Al-Jarba, who led the delegation, said in a statement that the crisis had reached a "desperate" level. He told journalists after the meeting that the opposition delegates asked the U.S. government for a speedy delivery of weapons so that the rebels, already being routed from some strategic areas, can better face the government's counteroffensive.
"To deny us the right to self-defense is to risk that the regime will survive," Al-Jarba told reporters in New York. "Thousands will be executed, the repression will continue without end."
The State Department release on the meeting made no mention of weapons, saying only that "they agreed that a political solution is the best path forward."
There is little appetite among Americans for greater U.S. entanglement in Syria. A Gallup Poll last month showed 54 percent of Americans opposed to the Obama administration's plan to provide aid to the rebels. U.S. diplomats fume about the inability of opposition figures to agree on anything. Earlier this week, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff told Congress in a letter that U.S. military intervention would be costly, might not end the violence and might even install a government that's hostile to U.S. interests.
"It's not a message we like," said Najib Ghadbian, the U.S. representative of the Syrian Opposition Coalition and part of the delegation that met with Kerry.
On Wednesday, the House of Representatives approved a measure that would prevent the administration from spending money on U.S. military operations in Syria without consulting Congress. The measure is not likely to survive opposition in the Senate, but the debate made clear that deeper military involvement is opposed by an unusual House coalition of conservative Republicans and liberal Democrats.
"Those are the wrong signals to the Assad regime – that there's no will for the U.S. to intervene," said Ghadbian, who tried to put the best face on the opposition leadership's failure to visit Washington, suggesting the visit came "on too short a notice to arrange meetings at the highest level."
State Department officials lament that their policy options are "bad and worse." They're not keen on sending U.S. assistance to either the jihadist-infiltrated rebel forces or the notoriously fractious exiles of the political opposition, with whom frustration runs high.
The Syrian Opposition Coalition's internal bickering and repeated failures to cobble together a cohesive interim authority has cost it credibility in the State Department, which has been reluctant to give the group any direct funding from U.S. aid pots. While publicly cheering on a recent change of coalition leadership as a step toward breaking the political impasse, American officials are privately fed up with the perpetual infighting.
State Department spokeswoman Marie Harf told reporters Thursday that the government still planned to live up to its pledge to increase "both the scale and the scope of our assistance to the Syrian opposition," though she offered no specifics or timeline.
"This is a complicated situation," Harf said. "If there were easy answers, we would have done them two years ago. There are none."
Idriss isn't the only one upset at the U.S. foot-dragging on the arms issue. At a meeting with U.S. officials this week at the Saudi Embassy in Washington, Saudi officials demanded to know why the U.S. was holding a new shipment of heavy weapons destined for Syrian rebel militias.
U.S. officials told the Saudis to hold on for a few weeks, according to a participant in the meeting who spoke on condition of anonymity because the discussions involve sensitive diplomacy. When the Saudis asked what would change in a few weeks, there was no clear answer.
Ghadbian, the opposition envoy, stressed that the opposition leaders remain open to sitting down with American partners to find "creative" ways for the U.S. to do more without full-scale military intervention. But, he added, the opposition leadership already has decided to continue the fight against Assad – "with or without the U.S."
"We always expect more from the U.S. and U.S. administration," Ghadbian said. "But we have to go with each country's willingness."
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Filtering means to collect all elements from a list which satisfy a specific condition. Partitioning a list means to make two groups of list elements, one which contains the elements satisfying a condition, and the other for the elements which don't.
filter and
filter! functions are implemented in the
Guile core, See List Modification.
Split lst into those elements which do and don't satisfy the predicate pred.
The return is two values (see Returning and Accepting Multiple Values), the first being a list of all elements from lst which satisfy pred, the second a list of those which do not.
The elements in the result lists are in the same order as in lst
but the order in which the calls
(pred elem) are made on
the list elements is unspecified.
partition does not change lst, but one of the returned
lists may share a tail with it.
partition! may modify
lst to construct its return.
Return a list containing all elements from lst which do not satisfy the predicate pred. The elements in the result list have the same order as in lst. The order in which pred is applied to the list elements is not specified.
remove! is allowed, but not required to modify the structure of
the input list.


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National Best SellerFrom the best-selling author and Pulitzer Prize winner, a powerful nonfiction debut—an "honest, engaging, and very moving account of a writer searching for herself in words." —Kirkus Reviews (starred) In Other Words is a revelation. It is at heart a love story—of a long and sometimes difficult courtship, and a passion that verges on obsession: that of a writer for another language. For Jhumpa Lahiri, that love was for Italian, which first captivated and capsized her during a trip to Florence after college. Although Lahiri studied Italian for many years afterward, true mastery always eluded her.Seeking full immersion, she decides to move to Rome with her family, for "a trial by fire, a sort of baptism" into a new language and world. There, she begins to read, and to write—initially in her journal—solely in Italian. In Other Words, an autobiographical work written in Italian, investigates the process of learning to express oneself in another language, and describes the journey of a writer seeking a new voice.Presented in a dual-language format, this is a wholly original book about exile, linguistic and otherwise, written with an intensity and clarity not seen since Vladimir Nabokov: a startling act of self-reflection and a provocative exploration of belonging and reinvention.


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When Should I Replace My Running Shoes?
There's not a cut-and-dry answer, but there are warning signs that your shoes need replacing.
Heading out the door? Read this article on the new Outside+ app available now on iOS devices for members! Download the app.
Q. I'm going to start training for a spring marathon this winter and am just now starting to build up my base. How often should I replace my running shoes?
Unfortunately, there's no universal answer to this question, given that many factors figure into the lifespan of a shoe: the construction of the shoe, your physical makeup, the way in which you strike the surfaces you're running on, and even the climate you live in.
That said, most running shoes will last between 300 and 500 miles, which is, admittedly, quite a range.
So how do you know if your shoes need replacing? Look for the obvious signs of wear and tear, and listen to your body.
Begin by considering the outsole, the rubber part of the shoe that comes in contact with the ground. Over time, the tread of the outsole starts to wear away, just as tires on a car eventually become bald, and you begin to lose grip on the ground below. This is the most obvious sign of wear and tear — but the outsole tells only part of the story.
What is harder to see is what happens inside the shoe when you run, in the midsole, where the cushioning and support are housed. Every time your foot comes in contact with the ground, you compress that midsole area. It responds by absorbing the blow and returning energy to you as you begin the next stride. This process is repeated thousands of times during a run.
As you can imagine, the midsole becomes fatigued over the course of a couple miles and then needs time to rebound in between runs to return to its original, bouncy state. After a few hundred miles, however, the midsole breaks down to the point of no return. You can't see this, but you can sure feel it in a sensation of "flatness" or "deadness." The shoe doesn't have the bounce that it once did. Little aches and pains begin to arise. You're not injured, but your body is talking to you. It's telling you that your shoes need changing. You should listen.
Still not sure if you should swap out your shoes? Head to your local running store, and try on a fresh new pair of your favorite training shoes side by side with the ones you've been running in. Feel the difference? Often, it will be pretty clear. You'll feel higher off the ground in the newer pair if the midsole of your current pair is compressed beyond the point of no return.
Remember, don't go solely by how the outsole looks to determine whether or not a shoe needs to be replaced. If you do most of your running on a treadmill, a smooth road, or a groomed trail, the outsole of the shoe can look fine for a long time, but the internal damage is still taking place. Note in your training log when you start running in a new pair of shoes, and keep track of how many miles you run on them. Over the course of a 12- to 16-week training cycle, you can expect to go through between two and four pairs of shoes. When you start approaching the end of the shoes' life, it's a good idea to start breaking in a fresh pair as you phase out the broken-down model. Your body will thank you for it.


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The Vietnam Administration for HIV/AIDS Control Did Not Always Manage the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Funds or Meet Program Goals in Accordance With Award Requirements
Through its Global HIV/AIDS Program, CDC implemented the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), working with ministries of health and other in-country partners to combat HIV/AIDS by strengthening health systems and building sustainable HIV/AIDS programs in more than 75 countries. CDC awarded PEPFAR funds totaling $15 million and a carryover amount of $4.2 million to the Vietnam Administration for HIV/AIDS Control, the Ministry of Health (the Ministry), for the budget period September 30, 2009, through September 29, 2010.
Our audit found that the Ministry did not always manage PEPFAR funds or meet program goals in accordance with award requirements. With respect to financial management, the Ministry did not return $18,000 in interest income to CDC through the Payment Management System. In addition, $30,000 of the $434,000 in financial transactions that we reviewed was used to pay potentially unallowable value-added taxes (VAT) on purchases. Also, the Ministry did not ensure that all of the provinces obtained the tax identification (tax ID) required to receive a VAT refund or record adjustments to the general ledger account in a timely manner.
We recommended that the Ministry (1) return $18,000 in interest income to CDC, (2) work with CDC to resolve whether the $30,000 of VAT was an allowable expenditure under the cooperative agreement, (3) ensure that all provinces receive a tax ID and apply for a VAT refund, (4) record financial transactions timely, and (5) strengthen its internal controls. The Ministry generally agreed with our recommendations.
Filed under: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention