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ROME (RNS) Italy's capital is enjoying a boom in tourists from Latin America due at least in part to the popularity of Pope Francis, according to new figures from the city government.
Overall, tourism in Rome — one of the city's economic pillars — is up by nearly 7 percent so far this year, led by a nearly 20 percent increase in visitors from Latin America, according to Marta Leonori, Rome's top tourism official.
Among the Latin Americans, the pope's fellow Argentines are leading the way, with 66 percent more people traveling to Rome from the pope's homeland compared to a year ago.
"We have seen a steady rise in tourism and it's clear the election of Pope Francis is one of the main reasons," Leonori said.
Europe, Asia, and North America remain the most popular points of origin for 12 million visitors to the Eternal City each year.
The overall economic impact on the city from the new increase may be muted, however, according to Italian media reports, since Latin American visitors to Rome generally spend less on average than their counterparts from other parts of the world.
For now, a visit to Rome and the Vatican appears to be the best way for Argentines to see the first Latin American pope. Francis told a group of students from Uruguay over the weekend that he did not envision returning to his native country until at least 2016.
Francis said when he makes the trip he'd likely visit neighboring Uruguay and Chile as well, since he was unable to travel to those countries when he traveled to Brazil for World Youth Day in July.


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Swedish coach Mårts needs patience, once again
BRATISLAVA – The first season behind the Tre Kronor bench ended with a tough defeat to archrival Finland and the silver medal. But Pär Mårts wants more and he's on the right path.The Sweden-Finland final was the best that could happen for the 2012 IIHF World Championship organizers, but not many people outside of Finland would have bet that the Finns, with their reputation of being the eternal bridesmaids, would beat eight-time world champion Sweden.And not even the most optimistic Finn could have imagined doing it in such a fashion, with a five-goal margin.The Finns had to wait 16 years for their second word title and in the end they saw these numbers on the scoreboard: 1-6, numbers that stunned Mårts and left the 58-year-old Swedish coach holding the bridesmaid's bouquet.As a head coach he was behind the bench of the U20 national team four times and won four medals. Three silvers (1992, 2008, 2009) and one bronze (2010), but never a golden one."I don't know how many silver medals I've won, but it's too many," a disappointed Mårts said after the gold medal game in Bratislava. "I can't see what I should have done in another way right now, but you have to learn from losses.""It's sad and it should be sad because we didn't win. We have to learn winning. But now we have to be content with the silver medal."And then, he eventually found some reasons why his team was outplayed to such an extent in the final stage of the game, after two tightly-contested periods."The Finns were the better team. They played much better in the defence and had more power. Nobody on the Swedish team played his best game," he said. "Some young guys tried to do what they couldn't do. We didn't have the mental strength to win this game."It was his answer to the question why Finland was so much better scorewise. And why Finland became the first team ever to score five goals in a period in a World Championship gold medal game, and the second (after Canada in 1930) to score six goals in total.Mårts had good reasons to be disappointed. The Swedes were one of the best teams in the group stages, and in the semis they were the only team of the event to defeat the fan-favourite Czech Republic and end the Czechs' winning streak.Mårts has to get over another gold medal loss and regroup for another year. Although the way the gold medal game ended his team bordered on embarrassment for the successful Swedes, there were many positives for Tre Kronor in this event, too.Think of rags-to-riches goalkeeper Viktor Fasth, who just conceded six goals in six games before the final clash with Finland, where this figure doubled.Or of 20-year-old wunderkind Magnus Pääjärvi, although among youngsters he landed in the shadow of Mikael Granlund after the Finn's lacrosse-like goal in the semi-final game against Russia.Or Patrik Berglund, who led his team in scoring at age 22 – only Finland's Jarkko Immonen had more goals and points.Or the many Swedish NHL players who cross the ocean to make Sweden the number-one producer of European talent in North America.The Finnish team and its individuals were a notch ahead on Sunday, but the future is bright for Mårts's team and there will be a new chance to win gold another year.The years to come are exciting for both of the Northern European nations. As co-host of the 2012 and 2013 Worlds Sweden will play seven preliminary-round games and an eventual quarter-final in Stockholm's Globen Arena next year before moving to Helsinki for eventual semi-final and medal games.In 2013 Stockholm will be the main venue hosting the gold medal game and the Swedes even consider using the Stockholmsarenan, a 30,000-seat multi-purpose football stadium with a retractable roof that is being built behind the Globen Arena."Overall I'm proud that my team did a pretty good tournament," Mårts said. "Not the best, but it's a start for something better."MARTIN MERK

subset: commoncrawl


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August 2010 Home Town Hot Rodding
1965 Plymouth Belvedere
Like the mall is to teenage girls, 555 Race Shop in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, was to Paul Haye growing up. Owner Ken Montgomery built some really famous Mopars over the years, including a '65 Belvedere A990 race car. Even before getting his license, Paul fell in love with the cars Ken built, and wished he could build one just like it. He's had more than a few Mopars over the years, but none like the Belvedere he has today.
Though decades had passed, Paul never forgot about his dream car and when he saw one up for sale in inner-city Philadelphia, he jumped on it. The car was engineless and stripped of interior workings, but that was OK since Paul had a plan for it. He wanted to take what he learned from snooping at the race shop and build a car inspired by Ken's '65.
Paul really wanted to do this one right, so before putting any new parts on he got the car dipped to rid it of any paint, filler, or rust. This gave him the platform to put together a car from scratch and he wouldn't take any shortcuts. While still in bare metal, he had GMD Motorsports build subframe connectors and narrow the rear framerails to allow for a tightened Alston ladder-bar suspension. GMD fit the 9-inch between the newly placed rails for the wide tire he would need. Before being passed off to be assembled, Paul sent it over to Crozier Body Shop in Weston, Ohio, to get the thing as straight as possible. There he had both quarter-panels replaced along with the smoothing and finishing of the rest of the panels.
When it came to the motor choice, Paul didn't see that he had one; it had to be a Hemi. He wouldn't consider a motor built by anyone but Ken Montgomery. Ken assembled a 426 Hemi with a mix of factory and aftermarket components to help it perform well, but keep it true to its roots, like the rest of the car.
Paul's daughter, Jennifer, was always eager to lend a helping hand in the garage when she was younger and is a die-hard Mopar fan, thanks to her pops. She took the photos you see here and currently runs a photography studio in Toledo, Ohio.
By The Numbers
1965 Plymouth Belvedere Sedan
Paul J. Haye, 55 Perrysburg, OH
|426ci Ken Montgomery
|racing crate Hemi
|Mopar cast-iron
|Milodon wet sump
|Rotating assembly:
|Mopar crank, Eagle rods,
|Mopar 9:1 pistons
|Cylinder heads:
|reworked iron
|hydraulic, .480/.495-inch lift
|1.94/2.25-inch valves
|M1 Chrysler intake,
|800-cfm Demon carb
|CPW radiator and fans
|Fuel System:
|Mallory pump
|TCI 2-inch primary headers,
|stainless 3-inch Borla race mufflers
|ARP and Mopar
|TorqueFlite 727,
|Frank Lupo 3,200-rpm stall converter,
|Cheetah shifter
|Rear axle:
|Ford 9-inch, 4.11 gears,
|Detroit Locker, Moser axles
|Front suspension:
|90/10 shocks
|Rear suspension:
|Chris Alston ladder bar
|with coilovers
|Wilwood discs
|Crozier Body Shop; Wharton, OH
|Chrysler Richard Petty Blue,
|sprayed by Sandy Heilman
|15x6 and 15x10
|Weld Wheels Pro Stars
|Michelin front,
|Mickey Thompson slicks rear
1967 AMC Rebel
Real Driver
Bob Kenworthy of Aurora, Colorado, likes to venture off the beaten path when it comes to his rides. He got his start wrenching alongside pops on the front lawn of their apartment assembling their '23 T-bucket back in the '70s. He learned to make do with the resources available and build the best cars he could. His first was a '71 2.0L Pinto. He kept the four-cylinder in place and hopped it up enough to stomp the V-8 competition on the streets. In the 30 years since, he's owned almost 100 cars, among them were Chevys, Fords, and Mopars, but his favorites were the AMC cars. He's had 12 of them over that 30-year span, including this '67 Rebel.
When Bob first saw this Rebel he was really interested in it, but it wasn't for sale. After keeping an eye on it for a couple years, he saw it wearing a for sale sign, and pounced. The car's paint was in great shape, which was the biggest selling point. He replaced the floor panels, rebuilt the front suspension, and pitched the three-speed for a modern five-speed. The original engine was sound, but he still couldn't leave that be and added EFI, among other things. Like most cars past the 40-year mark, it had some problems, but nothing Bob couldn't handle.
This isn't a show car or a racer, but a driver. Bob wanted to be able to enjoy this car on the road more than anyplace else. That's why the five-speed swap was so important. He also added air conditioning to keep him and his family cool. Back in the day when he had an AMX he would have to trailer it to the car shows since the two-seater couldn't fit his whole family. But now Bob can drive this AMC everywhere with them, and that was the whole point!
By The Numbers
1967 AMC Rebel 550 Sports Sedan
Bob Kenworthy, 45 Aurora, CO
|AMC 290 bored .030-inch over
|Rotating assembly:
|Cylinder heads:
|stock steel
|Crane 268H
|Edelbrock Pro-Flow
|Multi-Port fuel injection
|factory brass/copper radiator
|Fuel system:
|electric return-style fuel pump
|2.5-inch pipes
|with Flowmaster mufflers
|Tremec TKO
|500 five-speed,
|SPEC Stage 2 clutch
|custom steel
|Rear axle:
|AMC model 20, 3.15 gears
|Front suspension:
|KYB shocks,
|aftermarket swaybar
|Rear suspension;
|AMC four-link, KYB shocks
|'75 AMC Matador
|power disc brakes front,
|drum rear
|re-covered stock
|with gray vinyl and tweed
|PPG base/clear black
|15x7 and 15x8 American Racing
|Torq-Thrust II
|225/70R15 and 275/60R15 BFGoodrich
1974 Chevrolet Nova
There's no doubt the hobby of building cars is a great one to share with your family. It gives kids a good work ethic and can keep them out of trouble. Gerry Gaida and son Ron had been knocking around the idea of building a car together, but it wasn't until Ron was in his 30s that they could do it.
Gerry was knee-deep in the world of cars when he was shipped out to serve in the Vietnam War. When he finally got back, it was time to build a family, rather than cars. He raised three boys with his wife and served as a law enforcement agent for the U.S. Army until he retired six years ago. He and Ron had talked about building a car together for years and now was the time. They found a California-born rust-free '74 Nova and began the build together. Though it was rust free, it wasn't damage free. The grille was cracked and needed to be replaced. Like most folks, they weren't huge fans of the massive heavy bumpers of the '74 model, so they replaced them along with the grille and hood with metal from a '72. What's better than buying a '72 Nova? Buying a '74 for half the price and converting it to look like a '72
The father and son team did all of the customization and assembly work themselves, but left some things to the experts. Anyone who's dabbled in the art of automotive painting knows it's a difficult thing to produce at home. After the '72 panels were fit, they took the car over to Factory Finish Auto Body in Lindenhurst, Illinois, to get covered in Black Cherry paint.
They frequent the car shows, but also like to stretch the Nova's legs at the dragstrip. Their low 11-second timeslips prove their MAS Performance 377ci small-block Chevy crate engine was a great investment. It runs on pump gas and is a well-mannered street car, thanks to reasonable engine components. Despite that, they've got the engine out for a solid-roller camshaft swap and a more race-style torque converter for more power and better launches.
By The Numbers
1974 Chevrolet Nova
Gerry Gaida, 64; Ron Gaida, 39
Antioch, IL
468 hp, 11.44/114-mph quarter-mile
|377ci small-block Chevy
|by MAS Performance
|new factory four-bolt main
|Melling pump
|Rotating assembly:
|Eagle crank and rods,
|Speed-Pro hypereutectic pistons,
|10:1 compression
|Cylinder heads:
|Edelbrock E-Tec 170 cc
|COMP hydraulic flat-tappet
|COMP lifters and springs,
|1.94/1.55-inch stainless valves
|Holly 750-cfm carb
|MSD distributor
|AFCO aluminum radiator
|and electric fan
|coated Hooker headers,
|Flowmaster mufflers
|and Quicksilver shifter
|built by Strange Engineering
|Rear axle:
|Strange S-60 housing,
|3.73, gears, posi
|Front suspension:
|subframe connectors
|Rear suspension:
|Caltrac bars
|Hydroboost powered
|11-inch disc front, drum rear
|'72 grille, hood, tail panel,
|and front and rear bumpers
|PPG Black Cherry
|by Factory Finish Auto Body
|in Lindenhurst, IL
|15x7 and 15x8 Weld Draglite
|225/60R15 and 245/60R15
|BFG Radial TA
Mothers Picture Perfect Award
This is the place to show off your pride and joy to the rest of mankind, so we figure those readers who took the time to capture a really cool shot of their hot rod should get a little bonus. Mothers agreed, and decided to come to the party with some freebies for the best picture submitted to PHR.
Each month, the editors at PHR will sift through the images and pick the one with the best composition, lighting, and overall quality. The winner will get a cool assortment of Mothers products to keep his or her ride looking nice and shiny. Mail us a CD with digital images in JPEG form, along with a written description of your car. Remember that digital images need to be 300 dpi, and the bigger the image, the larger it can run. Also, be sure to include info on the car, along with your name and address. Good luck!
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text: Due to a recent USPS postal rate increase, we have had to raise our shipping charges for international Air Mail delivery by approximately 10 percent. You can see the new rates on our Shipping Charges & Information page. Charges for DHL Global Mail delivery have not changed and remain the most economical option for our overseas customers.


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It's here, Marshmallows; the official Veronica Mars movie trailer is finally here! Pat yourselves on the backs because you're the reason this movie is being made.
In the trailer, which debuted exclusively on Thursday's episode of E! News, Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) learns about her former beau's legal troubles—he's been accused of murdering his girlfriend. But let's be real, the only thing Logan Echolls (Jason Dohring) could be guilty of murdering is our hearts. All this happens just as Veronica is close to landing a plum gig as a high-powered New York attorney and making a happy life with Piz (Chris Lowell) in the Big Apple. Will she throw it all away for LoVe?
Check out the trailer above for brand-new footage from the anticipated Veronica Mars movie.
"Nine years of radio silence and yet I still kind of knew I could count on you," Logan says to Veronica in the trailer above.
Veronica's return to Neptune also coincides with her 10-year high school reunion. The fan-funded flick hits theaters on Friday, March 14 in AMC Theaters in select markets across the U.S.
Series creator Rob Thomas wrote the movie with Diane Ruggiero and served as director. "This project has been a labor of love for everyone involved—me, the cast, my producing partners," Thomas said in a statement. "We are so grateful for the outpouring of support from the Kickstarter backers. This movie wouldn't have happened without them."
Veronica Mars aired for three seasons from 2004-2007 on UPN and The WB. The Kickstarter to fund the movie launched in February 2013 and reached its goal of $2 million in 10 hours. The Kickstarter campaign grossed more than $5.7 million.
In addition to Bell, Lowell and Dohring, most of the principal Veronica Mars series cast returned for the movie. Ryan Hansen, Krysten Ritter, Percy Daggs III, Tina Majorino, Francis Capra, Ken Marino and Enrico Colantoni all reprised their roles for the movie.
What do you think of the trailer? Sound off in the comments below!


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There's no question that web analytics are vital, but even Shakespeare acknowledged that one can have too much of a good thing. In an environment where nearly everything that happens online can be measured, the challenge for marketers isn't gaining the ability to measure even more factors, but rather the clarity to focus on measuring what matters.
How can you measure all of the sources that contributed to a conversion–not just the last click? Which Google Analytics (GA) metrics are most important? How can you take action on analytics reports? What can GA tell you (and not tell you) about your sources of website traffic? How can you capitalize on the Advanced Segments feature in GA?
Find the answers to those questions and many more here in 16 remarkable guides to web analytics from the past year.
The SEO's Guide to GA 5, Part II: Top 3 Features for Setting & Achieving SEO Goals by Search Engine Journal
Dali Burgado details three key features of Google Analytics 5 (GA5) for SEO professionals: dashboard customization with SEO widgets (e.g., branded vs. non-branded search), custom alerts, and multi-channel funnels (see Pritesh's post above). This last feature is interesting but would be much more useful if one could customize segment definitions to correct for the way Google gets search traffic wrong.
Using Multi-Channel Funnels to analyse the impact of marketing channels on conversions by Smart Insights
Writing that "When conversions take place over multiple visits rather than a single visit to a site, it's really important to understand the complete customer journey and not use the standard 'last click wins' model of attribution," Pritesh Patel demonstrates how to use Multi-Channel funnel reports in Google Analytics to obtain more detailed insights into the different interactions visitors have with your website before converting to a lead.
Beginner's Guide to Google Analytics: What to Track by Search Engine Watch
Sarah Carling notes that GA is incredibly powerful–but needs to be set up properly first. Much of it's potential analytical power can't be accessed "out of the box." She then provides examples of and instruction for setting up three types of data you may want to track: customer segments (actually, visitor segments), goal and event tracking, and page categories ("If, for instance, you want to know if product category A or B is more likely to result in a customer creating an account or making a purchase, you can track this data").
9 Ways to Make Your Marketing Analytics Actionable by HubSpot
Contending that good marketers use analytics to measure the performance of their marketing initiatives, while "Great marketers use them to adapt, improve, and modify their marketing efforts," frequent best-of honoree Pamela Vaughan shows to use analytics to improve in areas like focusing on popular blog topics, refining SEO strategies, improving landing pages, and more.
Setting Up Actionable SEO Dasboards in the New Google Analytics by SEO Book
Okay, GA 5 isn't "new" anymore, but the techniques outlined here are still intriguing. This richly illustrated post shows how to set up actionable dashboards and widgets to monitor a variety of specific custom metrics like non-branded keyword traffic, top actionable social content, page load speed, top converting keywords, top exit/bounce pages and others.
Capturing The Value Of Social Media Using Google Analytics by Google Analytics Blog
Noting that "Since social media is often an upper funnel player in a shopper's journey, it's not always easy to determine which social channels actually drive value for your business and which tactics are most effective," Phil Mui steps through five different ways to gauge "social value" in GA, such as the Conversions Report, with which "marketers can now measure the value of each individual social channel by seeing the conversion rates of each social network and the monetary value they drive to your business." Both goals and goal values need to be defined in order to use this report.
The Ultimate Guide to the New Google Analytics Social Reports by KISSmetrics
Expanding on the post above, Lars Lofgren steps through each of the six social reports provided by GA, explains how traffic gets tagged as social media, and shows how to use GA's Social Source Graphs. He cautions in his conclusion though to "be careful. These reports only use the referring URL when assigning traffic to a social media site. So if the referrer gets corrupted in any way, your traffic won't get assigned to the right network and all your data will be skewed. If you commonly use URL shorteners, it's very easy for the data in your social reports to be incomplete."
4 Google Analytics updates you should know by iMedia Connection
Dan Brooks discusses four components of GA 5, including real-time data reporting (one of the primary benefits of which is, as notes, that it's "just kind of fun to watch"), search engine optimization insights (which requires integration with Google Webmaster Tools) and Google+ integration (useful for organizations getting traction on G+).
What Google Analytics New Social Reports Offer & What They Can't by Search Engine Watch
Marshall Sponder points out that, though the newest iteration of Google Analytics does offer some useful advantages over older versions, it doesn't always live up to expectations. For example, "Traffic networks are mixed up with traffic tools…Twitter and Facebook are termed networks while HootSuite, which is a tool, and WordPress, which is a blogging platform, are treated identically by Google, as being the same type of traffic—social media. While technically true, it's incorrect to place these sources on equal footing." In addition, custom configuration is required to take advantage of many of the more granular features.
Google Analytics: Understanding Traffic Sources by iMedia Connection
Arden Kaley steps through the details behind the high-level traffic sources reported by Google Analytics (direct, referral, and search), then explains the importance of using Google's URL Builder to create custom, trackable URLs for different digital marketing activities, and how to use the tool.
3 Steps to Measuring Your Social Marketing Campaign with Google Analytics by Social Media Club
Similar to the post above, Yola Blake supplies detailed instructions on how to create custom UTM codes (including medium, source, campaign name, etc.) for tracking specific marketing campaigns, concluding "Now, you are able to track the performance of the marketing message and pinpoint each sale (or other type of conversion) as a result of the tweet directly in Google Analytics."
4 Shortcuts for Analyzing Social Media Traffic in Record Time by Social Media Sun
Eugen Oprea details four "shortcuts" for efficiently analyzing social media activity using GA, including instructions for building custom dashboards ("Dashboards are really important because they can provide you information at a glance, without spending hours digging through reports. In Google Analytics you can setup up to 20 dashboards that can provide insights about your visitors").
Measuring a Mobile World: Introducing Mobile App Analytics by Google Analytics Blog
JiaJing Wang outlines three GA tools for mobile app analytics: Acquisition (and user metrics such as downloads and new users); Engagement (metrics such as retention, crashes and conversions); and Outcome (metrics such as app sales and in-app purchases). While not likely to be needed by most b2b marketers, these new tools may be valuable to b2c brand marketers investing in mobile app development.
8 ways to use Google Analytics beyond keywords by iMedia Connection
Casie Gillette recommends eight ways for marketers to act on GA data, among them: generating blog ideas ("Take a look at which posts drove the most visits and engagement, had the lowest bounce rates, and (of course) which posts were shared the most"), social targeting and attribution, and landing page testing.
3 Hidden Optimization Tips in Google Analytics by Conversation Marketing
Aviva Jorstad offers step-by-step instructions for using "three advanced tips that will help you unearth hidden optimization opportunities with Google Analytics," such as seven "simple" (though your definition of that term may vary) steps to increase conversions from organic search traffic.
Google Analytics Advanced Segments Comprehensive Template Collection by Penguin Initiatives
Contending that "Advanced segments in Google Analytics are one of the most powerful tools for gaining immense insight into your visitors," Andy Forsberg provides more than two dozen copy-able advanced segment definitions, for everything from tracking searches of different keyword lengths to "user behavior" segments like Explorers (new visitors who viewed more than three pages) vs. Fans (returning visitors who viewed multiple pages).
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This article was written by Gabrielle A Lockett and John W Holloway from the University of Southampton, and was originally published by The Conversation.
People born in autumn or winter are more likely to suffer from allergies than people born in spring or summer. Nobody is certain why this is, but there are several hypotheses.
These include seasonal variations in sunlight (which could affect vitamin D levels), levels of allergens such as pollen and house dust mite (which vary by season), the timing of the baby's first chest infection (colds tend to be more common in winter), and maternal diet (price and availability of fruit and vegetables vary by season).
But no matter which of these exposures causes changes to the risk of developing an allergy, until now nobody knew how these early environmental influences were so long lasting.
Our study tested whether epigenetic marks on a person's DNA could be a mechanism behind these birth season effects.
Of course, your genome doesn't change depending on which season you're born in, but there are epigenetic marks attached to your DNA that can influence gene expression – the process where specific genes are activated to produce a certain protein. This may result in different responses to immune triggers and hence different susceptibility to diseases.
Unlike DNA, which is inherited from your parents, epigenetic marks can change in response to the environment and allow gene expression to respond to environmental exposures. And they can also be very long-lasting.
Epigenetic imprint
We scanned DNA methylation (one type of epigenetic mark) profiles of 367 people from the Isle of Wight and found, for the first time, that the season in which a person is born leaves an epigenetic print on the genome that is still visible at the age of 18. This discovery means that these marks on the genome could be how season of birth is able to influence the risk of having allergies later in life.
We went on to test whether these DNA methylation differences that varied by season of birth were also associated with allergic disease. We found that two of them appeared to be influencing the risk of allergy in the participants.
As well as allergies, other studies have shown that season of birth is associated with a number of things such as height, lifespan, reproductive performance, and the risks of diseases including heart conditions and schizophrenia. It is possible that the birth season-associated DNA methylation that we discovered might also influence these other outcomes but this will need further investigation.
The marks that we found in the DNA samples collected from the 18-year-olds were mostly similar to the epigenetic marks found in a group of Dutch eight-year-olds that we used to validate our findings. But when we looked at another cohort – a group of newborn babies – the marks were not there. This suggests that these DNA methylation changes occur after birth, not during pregnancy.
There's something about the seasons
We are not advising women to change the timing of their pregnancy, but if we understood exactly what it was about birth season that causes these effects, this could potentially be changed to reduce the risk of allergy in children.
For example, if the birth season effect on allergies was found to be driven by sunlight levels experienced by the mother during pregnancy or breastfeeding, then the increased risk of allergies among babies born in autumn and winter might be lessened by giving the expectant or breastfeeding mother vitamin D supplements. You wouldn't need to time births with the seasons to get the benefits.
Our study reports the first discovery of a mechanism through which birth season could influence disease risk, though we still don't know exactly which seasonal stimuli cause these effects. Future studies are needed to pinpoint these, as well as to investigate the relationship between DNA methylation and allergic disease, and what other environmental exposures have an effect.
With the considerable burden allergic disease places not only on individual sufferers but also on society, any step towards reducing allergy is a step in the right direction.
Gabrielle A Lockett, Postdoctoral research associate, University of Southampton and John W Holloway, University of Southampton.
This article was originally published by The Conversation. Read the original article.


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Skylab: America's First Space Station
Skylab isn't necessarily the first thing people think of when the subject of NASA and America's space effort comes up. The Mercury Project, the Apollo moon missions, the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station are more likely to be mentioned. However, Skylab was America's first space station, an underdog built from spare parts left … [Read more…]


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Destined to be the finest residences in downtown Harbor Springs, each unit will occupy an entire floor in the city's most exciting new building. These highly desirable properties will boast a Main Street address and amazing roof top decks with outdoor kitchens overlooking Harbor Springs and the waterfront. Sure to be the best place in town to watch the July 4th parade and fireworks! Located directly across from the new Lyric Theatre, and literally steps from restaurants, retail shops, and the local marinas. Each residence will feature a custom kitchen with professional appliances, hardwood floors, spa-inspired baths, extensive millwork, great-room slider opening to a 25 foot covered porch, a private garage, and an elevator. With an extensive list of features and amenities, and unmatched quality, this offering is certain to be in high demand. Meticulous construction by The Cottage Company and Professional Interior Design by Cottage Company Interiors.
The data relating to real estate on this web site comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange Program of the Northern Michigan MLS (NM-MLSX). Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than the site owner are marked with the NM-MLSX logo and the detailed information about said listing includes the listing office. All information deemed reliable but not guaranteed and should be independently verified. All properties are subject to prior sale, change or withdrawal. Neither the listing broker(s) nor the site owner shall be responsible for any typographical errors, misinformation, misprints, and shall be held totally harmless. Northern Michigan MLS, Inc © All rights reserved. Updated: 3rd October, 2023 10:24 AM (UTC)
Listing Office: Graham Real Estate


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All the tips and tricks needed to shape up for 2013. Each day brings new, expert advice on how to look your best and live life to the fullest, while having a little fun doing it.
You could say that when it comes to watches, it's what's on the inside that really counts. Inside your timepiece—the tiny mechanism that makes your watch tick—that's called the movement. The term originated with early mechanical watches, whose movements are made of many small, interconnected moving parts. It's less frequently used to describe modern electronic or quartz timepieces, but we'll cover both here.
These watches are powered by a spring, known as the mainspring, which transmits energy as it gradually unwinds. Like all watches, mechanical watches keep time by means of an oscillator—the timekeeping element that swings back and forth, which produces the constant and consistent ticking. There are two types of mechanical watches: Manual-wind and Automatic.
(Or hand-wound) are just that. The wearer must turn the crown on the side of the watch regularly, often daily. This keeps the mainspring wound, which stores the energy needed to turn all those tiny gears, keeping the time until the next winding.
(Or self-winding) watches don't need to be wound by hand. The mainspring is automatically wound by the natural motions of the wearer's wrist while it is being worn. If an automatic watch is left unwound for a day or two, it will stop running, so some automatic owners keep their watches on electronically powered watch winders, which regularly rotate the watches to keep the time and date current.
A quartz movement works by using a quartz crystal resonator in the shape of a small tuning fork that vibrates about 33,000 times per second. Powered by a battery, the mechanism converts those vibrations into measurements of time. Introduced in the late 1960s, they're now the most affordable and widely used movements on the market. While not as revered as manual timepieces, quartz watches are undoubtedly more accurate. That's because the oscillations of the quartz crystal are faster and steadier that those of the balance wheel.
The hands on a mechanical watch have a smooth sweeping effect—ticking multiple times per second—while a quartz watch has one short, single tick.
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18 November 2019
Take Advantage of Historic Early Season Conditions with Vail Resorts' Epic Cyber Sale
With Keystone Resort's earliest opening in more than 20 years, ski season is officially underway and Vail Resorts' Epic Cyber Sale is back. The Cyber Sale, which takes place from 12:01 a.m. on Tuesday, Nov. 26 to 11:59 p.m. MST on Monday, Dec. 2, offers the best lodging rates of the season across the world-class network of Vail Resorts' destinations, including the 17 newly acquired Peak Resorts. Guests can take advantage of Cyber Sale discounts across the portfolio at https://www.snow.com/info/offers.aspx.
13 December 2018
Vail Resorts CEO Rob Katz Gives $2 Million in Grants to Support Mental & Behavioral Health Programs in Mountain Resort Communities across North America
Today, Vail Resorts announced that Chief Executive Officer Rob Katz and his wife, Elana Amsterdam, have made significant contributions totaling more than $2 million to support emotional wellness programs in nearly every mountain resort community in which Vail Resorts operates.
16 August 2018
Vail Resorts Vacation Savings are Plentiful with the Snow.com 96-Hour Sale, Aug. 21 to 24, 2018
From 12:01 a.m. on Tuesday, Aug. 21 to 11:59 p.m. MDT on Friday, Aug. 24, the Snow.com 96-Hour Sale is the place to find the best rates of the season on vacations across Vail Resorts destinations, including Vail, Beaver Creek, Breckenridge, and Keystone in Colorado; Park City in Utah; Heavenly, Northstar and Kirkwood in the Lake Tahoe area of California and Nevada; Whistler Blackcomb in British Columbia; and Grand Teton National Park.
24 July 2018
Vail Marriott Mountain Resort Announces $25 Million Transformation
Currently underway, Vail Marriott Mountain Resort will launch the property's approximate $25 million reimagination this summer with a new guest room experience and transformed meeting spaces. Just in time for ski season, the complete makeover will infuse modern amenities and luxurious Vail sophistication into the landmark resort.
26 February 2018
The Snow.com Spring 96-Hour Sale Returns Feb. 27 to March 2 with Vacation Values Across Vail Resorts Destinations
Beginning at 12:01 a.m. on Tuesday, Feb. 27, the Snow.com 96-Hour Sale clock starts ticking with the best values on mountain getaways across Vail Resorts and RockResorts destinations, including Vail, Beaver Creek, Breckenridge, Keystone, Park City, Lake Tahoe, Whistler Blackcomb and Grand Teton National Park. http://www2.snow.com/info/96hoursale
20 December 2017
The Arrabelle at Vail Square, A RockResort, Celebrates 10 Years
The Arrabelle at Vail Square, A RockResort, will celebrate the property's 10th anniversary on Friday, Dec. 29, 2017. The public celebration in Lionshead Village will include an ice skating show, live music and an ice carving exhibition. Following the outdoor event, a 10th anniversary celebration dinner will take place inside the hotel.
14 November 2017
Vail Resorts Offers Vacation Savings during Week-Long Sale for Cyber Monday
Beginning Wednesday, Nov. 22, skiers, snowboarders and national park explorers can make the most of their vacation spending this year with savings of up to 50 percent with Vail Resorts and RockResorts. Guests can book their entire vacation through Vail Resorts – from lodging and transportation to equipment rentals, and even time- and money-saving advance purchase lift tickets and ski school – which leaves more time for what's important this time of year.
18 October 2017
Vail Resorts Recognized with Four Condé Nast Traveler 2017 Readers' Choice Awards
Condé Nast Traveler recently announced the results of its 30th annual Readers' Choice Awards with four Vail Resorts properties – including three RockResorts properties – recognized among the best of the best in travel.
21 August 2017
Winter Vacation Savings Begin with the Return of the Snow.com 96-Hour Sale, Aug. 22 to 25
Beginning at 12:01 a.m. on Tuesday, Aug. 22, the 96-Hour Sale clock starts ticking with the best values on mountain vacations across Vail Resorts and RockResorts destinations, including Vail, Beaver Creek, Breckenridge, Keystone, Park City and Grand Teton National Park. For additional details or to book, visit www.Snow.com/96hoursale.


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We've all heard the cheapest day for airline ticket purchases, for which there has been no definitive ruling about the mythical master mainframe of all airfares that mystically opens up pumpkin coach-class seats at midnight on a Wednesday.
According to site Extrabux, there is also some data out there that backs up weekly price trends for computers, TV's, jewelry, appliances, books, and more.
And if you want a deal, don't worry that cyber Monday has passed. The biggest online day of the shopping year usually ends up being something like December 10th. On which, the odds of getting pepper-sprayed/trampled by your fellow retail shopper significantly decrease.


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Ideal conditions for cutting are short cutting time, long tool life, and high cutting accuracy. In order to obtain these conditions, selection of efficient cutting conditions and tools, based on work material, hardness, shape and machine capability is necessary.
1. Increasing cutting speed by 20% decreases tool life by 50%. Increasing cutting speed by 50% decreases tool life by 80%.
2. Cutting at low cutting speed (20–40m/min) tends to cause chattering. Thus, tool life is shortened.
When cutting with a general type holder, feed is the distance a holder moves per workpiece revolution. When milling, feed is the distance a machine table moves per cutter revolution divided by the number of inserts. Thus, it is indicated as feed per tooth. Feed rate relates to finished surface roughness.
1. Decreasing feed rate results in flank wear and shortens tool life.
2. Increasing feed rate increases cutting temperature and flank wear. However, effects on the tool life is minimal compared to cutting speed.
3. Increasing feed rate improves machining efficiency.
Depth of cut is determined according to the required stock removal, shape of workpiece, power and rigidity of the machine and tool rigidity.
1. Changing depth of cut doesn't effect tool life greatly.
2. Small depths of cut result in friction when cutting the hardened layer of a workpiece. Thus tool life is shortened.
3. When cutting uncut surfaces or cast iron surfaces, the depth of cut needs to be increased as much as the machine power allows in order to avoid cutting impure hard layers with the tip of cutting edge to prevent chipping and abnormal wear.


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NEW YORK — Before Joseph Heller satirized the madness of war in "Catch-22," he told a serious tale about the tragedy of racism.
"Almost Like Christmas," to appear next week in Strand Magazine, is a grim short story about the stabbing of a Southern white, the town's thirst for revenge and the black man who has resigned himself to blame. Written in the late 1940s or early '50s, after Heller had returned from World War II, the story has rarely been seen and offers a peek at the early fiction of one of the 20th century's most famous writers.
"Heller was to a large extent a guy who saw through hypocrisy, greed and the backward nature of a mob better than most writers — so it's no wonder that he turned his pen to a racist mob in a small southern town," said Andrew Gulli, managing editor of the Strand, a publication based in Birmingham, Mich., that has unearthed little known works by Mark Twain, Graham Greene and others.
From the start, "Almost Like Christmas" is a portrait of a worn out community. One character has the "hopeless, stupid, waxen look of a drunkard." A window's "coarse patterns of grime" reminds another character of "diseased tissue," while the voice of a third man has a "shrill, whinnying, malicious hysteria."
In this unnamed place, a terrible fight ("the primordial brutality of an alley fracas") has left a white man in a coma, local residents seething and a young black man, Jess Calgary, as the prime suspect. A white school teacher, identified as "Carter," has the awful task of convincing Calgary that he should come into town for questioning.
"Almost Like Christmas" is as bleak as any of Heller's novels, but without the dark humor for which he would become famous. Heller biographer Tracy Daugherty said that at the time Heller had yet to develop his own literary voice and was instead mimicking the style of magazine stories.
"William Saroyan was a huge influence on Heller at the time — stories of Depression-era hardships, written in a hard-boiled style," said Daugherty, whose "Just One Catch: A Biography of Joseph Heller," came out in 2011. "The story's lack of humor is very uncharacteristic of the Heller readers would come to know."
Heller, who died at age 76 in 1999, spent much of his life in or near his native New York City. Daugherty said that Heller trained for the military in South Carolina, but otherwise had little first-hand knowledge of the South and almost surely did not base "Almost Like Christmas" on any direct experience.
Daugherty does find some personal elements in the story, noting that Carter is a "flawed mentor," perhaps inspired by Heller's brother and father, "who never really helped him in the ways he needed, with his education and his ambitions."
Heller started writing "Catch-22" in 1953 and the novel came out eight years later, not long before the Vietnam War would make the novel required reading in the 1960s and '70s. Daugherty says she found evidence that Heller was working on a story based on his war service around the time he wrote "Just Like Christmas." But editors advised him that the market for war fiction was already well served by such novels as Norman Mailer's "The Naked and the Dead" and James Jones' "From Here to Eternity."
"So Heller set his war story aside and continued to imitate magazine writers for a while, doing things such as 'Almost Like Christmas,' while feeling that he had not broken through to his best material," Daugherty said.
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Combi pack bow tie + suspender
100% hand made in Italy
Artikelnummer progset22
Niet op voorraad
''100% hand made in Italy''
All of our Progetto products are strictly handmade by true artisans. After the design and weaving phase in Como, the manufacture phase ends in Salerno.
Born for the purpose of holding trousers, suspenders are definitely a fashion accessory today and due to their peculiarity they are used by those who want to give a touch of originality to their look.
Back in vogue now, our bow ties can be a viable choice as an alternative to ties and are also suitable for a more casual and peculiar young look.


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It can be difficult to find an affordable auto insurance rate in Carl Junction. But there are a few steps you can take to ensure you get the best deal possible. Here are five ways you can get cheap auto insurance rates in Missouri:
By keeping these tips in mind, Carl Junction drivers can find affordable auto insurance rates and save money in the long run. It pays to do some research before signing up for a policy, as it may help you get the best rate possible.
Missouri has some unique laws governing auto insurance which can impact Carl Junction drivers in the state. Here are five of the most important ones that you should be aware of:
It's important for Carl Junction drivers to understand their state's auto insurance laws and make sure that their policies meet all requirements. Failing to do so could result in costly fines and possibly even the suspension of your driver's license. Be sure to check with your local Missouri Department of Motor Vehicles for more information about auto insurance laws and regulations.
If you're a Carl Junction resident looking for mechanical breakdown insurance, there are several companies that offer policies in the state. Mechanical breakdown insurance (MBI) is an add-on to your existing auto insurance policy and covers certain repairs or replacements of major car components like engines, transmissions, and drive axles. Here are seven Missouri companies that provide MBI:
No matter which company you choose to go with for your MBI policy in Carl Junction, make sure you do some research into their coverage levels, deductibles, and other features to ensure that you are getting the best deal possible for your needs. And remember that shopping around can help you get the best rates for your Missouri MBI policy.
It may help your shopping experience to compare the rates of other cities by zip code such as 56716, 71232, 64834, 29520, 19510, 98942, 99403, 93286, 77360, and 65899.
Temporary car insurance in Carl Junction can be a great solution for those who need coverage for a short period of time. There are many situations when this type of coverage may be beneficial, such as when you're borrowing someone else's vehicle or if you need additional coverage to cover an emergency repair bill. Here are four primary purposes of having temporary car insurance in Missouri:
Carl Junction drivers requiring full coverage auto insurance are not alone. Missouri is one of the few states with legal statutes requiring certain levels of car insurance coverage, and some Carl Junction Missouri drivers may find that they need to get a higher policy than their current minimum coverage. Here are four reasons why Carl Junction MO drivers might benefit from getting a full coverage auto insurance policy:
If you're in Carl Junction, and you're looking to buy a used hybrid vehicle, then this list of 10 of the worst hybrids on the market is for you. From electric-only models that have short ranges to vehicles that require frequent repairs and maintenance, these are the models Carl Junction drivers should avoid when purchasing a preowned hybrid.
Carl Junction drivers have a wide selection of new crossovers to choose from when looking for an affordable, reliable vehicle. Whether you're looking for something small and efficient or something more spacious and powerful, there's sure to be an option that meets your needs. To help you find the perfect crossover for you, we've compiled a list of the 10 best new crossovers to lease in Carl Junction. From smaller models like the Subaru Crosstrek to bigger models like the Ford Escape, these vehicles offer great value and performance at a price that won't break the bank. So whether you live in St Louis, Kansas City or somewhere else in Missouri, these are some of the best crossovers on the market right now!
Carl Junction couples looking for a car to share should consider these popular models. From compact and efficient vehicles that are perfect for navigating Missouri's winding roads, to larger SUVs with plenty of space for weekend getaways, there are plenty of great options. Here is our list of the 10 most popular cars Carl Junction Missouri couples can own:
Missouri is a great state for road trips. Whether you're into sipping Missouri wines, discovering the Ozark Mountains, or exploring the Missouri River, there are plenty of exciting destinations to explore in this beautiful state. Here are some of our favorite Missouri road trips that you can enjoy:
Having adequate insurance coverage is an important part of being a rideshare driver in Carl Junction. Missouri has some unique rules and regulations that drivers must adhere to when it comes to owning and operating a vehicle for use as an Uber or Lyft driver. To help Missouri drivers with this, we have compiled a list of five companies that will provide rideshare insurance coverage in the Show Me State.
Missouri is the Show-Me State, and on Missouri highways drivers must show that they are driving responsibly. Otherwise, Missouri law enforcement will take action for a variety of traffic infractions that can lead to hefty fines and increases in your insurance premium. Here's a look at 10 of the most common Missouri driving infractions and the possible impacts they have on your insurance rate:
9.Hit-and-Run: Carl Junction drivers who leave the scene of an accident can face stiff penalties including jail time, license suspension and hefty fines as well as an increased insurance rate that could go up to 100 percent or more depending on the severity of the accident.
By understanding Missouri's laws and using caution when behind the wheel, Carl Junction drivers can avoid many of these common infractions and avoid paying higher insurance premiums due to traffic violations.
Average insurance rates in Carl Junction vary based on a variety of factors, including your credit score. Missourians with higher credit scores tend to pay much lower premiums than those with lower scores. To help you understand the different categories of credit scores and their associated insurance rates, here is an overview:
Excellent Credit (800-850): Missourians who have excellent credit typically enjoy the lowest insurance premiums in Missouri. A score between 800 and 850 can lead to significant savings on auto, home, and life insurance coverage throughout Missouri.
Good Credit (700-799): Missourians who have good credit usually receive more reasonable insurance rates than those with poor or fair credit scores. If your score falls between 700 and 799, you should still qualify for competitive Missouri insurance rates.
Fair Credit (640-699): Missourians with fair credit scores may still qualify for acceptable Missouri insurance rates, but their premiums will likely be higher than those of people with good or excellent credit.
Poor Credit (300-639): Missourians with poor credit scores generally find it much more difficult to obtain affordable coverage in Missouri. If you have a score between 300 and 639, you may be required to pay higher premiums than those who have better credit scores.
No Credit History: Missouri residents without any established history of borrowing or lending money may also encounter difficulties obtaining reasonable insurance rates in the state. It is important to build your credit score to ensure you are receiving the most competitive Missouri insurance rates.
In Missouri, SR-22 insurance is required for drivers who have been convicted of certain serious offenses or multiple traffic violations. These offenses include DUI/DWI, hit and run, excessive speeding, or reckless driving. Drivers may also be required to carry SR-22 insurance if their license has been suspended or revoked due to an incident such as a car accident. If you are found to be driving without the necessary SR-22 coverage in Missouri, your license can be suspended until the coverage is acquired and proof of such is provided to the Missouri Department of Revenue. It's important to note that when you obtain an SR-22 filing in Missouri, it must stay on file with the state for three years regardless of whether you change insurance companies. Be sure to contact your Missouri Department of Revenue for any further questions about SR-22 insurance.
The key to getting the cheapest Missouri SR-22 rate is to shop around and compare different providers for the best deal. You should also make sure that the company you choose is reputable and licensed in Missouri, as well as offering quality customer service and competitive rates. Keep in mind that SR-22 insurance can be costly, so it's important to do some research beforehand to ensure you get the best price possible. Once you've chosen a provider, they will then file an SR-22 form on your behalf with the Missouri Department of Revenue to show proof of financial responsibility.
Choosing between a national insurance company and a local Carl Junction agent or broker for the best deal can be a nuanced decision, largely dependent on your individual needs and circumstances. National insurance companies have their advantages. They typically offer a wider variety of products and services, and may provide discounts for bundling different types of insurance such as auto, dwelling, and life. These companies usually have extensive customer service departments, often available 24/7, and their digital platforms for quotes, policy management, claims, and payments are usually quite comprehensive. However, the trade-off might be less personalized service. Since you're more likely to deal with different customer service representatives each time, building a relationship with your insurer could be more challenging. Additionally, national insurers may not fully comprehend the specific insurance needs and risks of your local area in Carl Junction.
On the other hand, local Carl Junction agents and brokers can offer more personalized service and the opportunity to build a longstanding relationship. They can guide you through the intricacies of insurance policies, assist with claims, and are generally more attuned to the particular risks and insurance needs of your locality. Brokers, representing multiple insurance companies, are in a position to shop around for the best deal for you. To get an idea of how much rates can vary by zip code you could compare ones such as 49345, 14975, 57623, 74021, 02940, 34997, 64834, 42171, 92008, and 89883. However, their range of products may not be as wide as national insurers, and their operating hours might not be as flexible. Also, customer service may not be available round the clock. In terms of digital accessibility, their platforms may not be as user-friendly or feature-rich as those of larger, national companies.
In conclusion, the better option is largely dependent on your preferences. If a personal relationship and local Carl Junction expertise is valued, a local agent or broker could be your best bet. Conversely, if you prefer the convenience of digital tools, round-the-clock customer service, and a broader range of products, then a national insurance company might be the right choice. It's always prudent to compare quotes from different sources before making a decision.
Disclaimer: Please note that the content provided above is for informational purposes only and it does not constitute legal advice. You should always consult with an insurance professional or legal counsel for any questions related to insurance laws.
David Miller is a trusted authority in the world of car insurance and road trips. With over a decade of experience in the insurance industry, David has helped countless individuals and families find the right coverage for their vehicles. His passion for travel and exploration has also led him on numerous road trips across the country. David enjoys sharing his knowledge and expertise through his writing, and is dedicated to providing credible and reliable information to his readers. Whether you're planning a road trip or looking for the best car insurance policy, David's articles will guide you towards making informed decisions that protect you and your loved ones.


text: This is my new more intuitive website design with less text and fewer clicks. THANK YOU MENU Open menu Toggle search bar What can we help you find? Submit search Colin's Creatures CART Home Shop All Sheep by Breed Baby Shower Gifts Cattle and Bison Cremation Urns Doll House Miniatures 1:12 Creatures Ewes and Lambs Monthly Special Nativities and Christian Ornaments and Holiday Other Animals Puppies & Dogs Rams Scottish & Irish Creatures Sheep Families Wedding Gifts & Decorations What's New The Process About Testimonials Contact Visit Studio Shop What's New Monthly Special Cremation Urns All Sheep by Country Denmark England France Germany Braunes Bergschaf Holland Ireland Italy New Zealand Norway Poland Russia Scotland Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United States Wales Ewes and Lambs Puppies & Dogs Sheep Families Baby Shower Gifts Wedding Gifts & Decorations Rams Scottish & Irish Creatures Cattle and Bison Ornaments and Holiday Nativities and Christian Doll House Miniatures 1:12 Creatures Other Animals Nav Menu 3 Nav Menu 4 Nav Menu 5 Nav Menu 6 Nav Menu 7 Nav Menu 8 Home > Shop > Ewes and Lambs > Sarda Ewe Straddling Lamb I love the way this mother and child are looking at each other so adoringly. The Sarda, with its beautiful mohair fur, is a dairy breed from the lowlands of Sardinia. I love the contrast of their clean lines with their luxurious fur. All my creatures are handcrafted in my Asheville, NC studio using porcelain, castable stone and imported woven fur from Steiff-Schulte in Germany. $115.00 Size: 4 1/2" Tall Approx Qty: Breed Description The Sarda is primarily used to produce sheep milk for distinctive cheeses such as Pecorino Sardo, but also has a long, coarse white wool that is prized for weaving carpets and other goods. Ewes are polled, and rams are occasionally horned. Related Items Icelandic Small Lambs Galway Like Mother Like Daughter Oxford Small Lambs You're Right, It doesn't Taste Like Milk Cotswold $45.00 $100.00 $49.00 $115.00 GalwayLying with Newborn Kempen Heath Ewe Straddling Lamb Scottish Cheviot Small Lambs Cotswold Ewe Bending Down to Hold Her Lamb Close $100.00 $105.00 $45.00 $115.00 Share your knowledge of this product. Be the first to write a review »


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Funeral pyres are a shared ritual of many religions and ethnic groups. And cremation continues to play a role in modern society, but the practice is typically carried out behind the scenes in a funeral home.
Reports of the deceased sitting up and performing a number of movements, including sitting straight up, during cremation are common. Is there a physiological reason for such motion, or can we dismiss this as the product of overactive imaginations?
In modern cremations, a blast of flame rains down on the corpse's chest in a specially designed chamber. The chamber allows for an extremely high internal temperature of 870–980° Celsius (1,598–1,796° Fahrenheit) to be reached and maintained.
At this temperature, skin ripples and burns away, fat sizzles, and organs shrink. Skin and muscle turn to carbon quickly, carbon that rapidly combines with oxygen in the air to create carbon dioxide. Only pieces of bone, surgical enhancements (like hip and joint replacements), and debris is left after an hour or so of exposure.
The pyres that we often see in historic accounts and fictional settings do not work as efficiently. Pyres use a system of scaffolding that increases the heat placed on the body as a function of height, reaching maximum temperatures of 600 to 800 °C (1110 to 1470 °F). These temperatures are attained by decreasing the size of each additional level of the pyre, which allows heat to funnel through a chimney-like system.
At temperatures of 600 to 800 °C, several hours are needed to cremate a body. Due to the decrease in temperature and lack of insulation in a funeral pyre, the muscles of a corpse will not immediately begin to shrink and essentially evaporate over a short period of time as they do in modern crematorium.
The temperatures attained in pyres are within a territory that causes the muscles to be "cooked." Akin to how a piece of bacon or roast will shrink and change in shape during cooking, the body's muscles change shape at temperatures attainable in a funeral pyre.
The most common "movement" observed in the heating of a corpse is a contraction of the arm muscles at around 670 °C. This contraction creates a pose similar to a boxer protecting their chest and occurs at the lower cremation temperatures observed in a pyre and sometimes as a body cools.
This "pugilistic pose" also features the corpse's fingers balled into a fist and a slightly tilted head. The movements could be viewed by pyre watchers as the act of a corpse sitting up, especially when combined with other body parts separating and falling away as the flames consume the body.
In order to see the pugilistic pose, cremation of the body has to take place prior to the degrading of muscle tissue. To optimize the possibility of seeing the pose, one needs to cremate the body prior to rigor mortis setting in. During rigor mortis, the muscles contract for a prolonged amount of time until actual muscle fibers are broken down by the remaining enzymes in the body.
Funeral pyres would be able to meet these requirements. The structures could be set up quickly, either before or during the first stages of rigor mortis, while providing a necessary (albeit inefficient) heat source. Bodies set aside for modern cremation are often in the middle of rigor mortis or in the aftermath, negating the possibility of movement even if the creation is carried out at a much lower temperature.
The nature of funeral pyres — smoldering towers of fire — draws individuals in, with people watching intently and gathering around the structure for hours. Any slight movement would be viewed by a number of people and probbaly hyper-analyzed. The pugilistic pose, combined with body parts separating during the course of cremation, easily provides the foundation for stories of bodies "sitting up" in a funeral pyre or performing a variety of movements.
So, it does appear that bodies do move in cremation, but only under a strict set of circumstances. If a body is burned at a low enough temperature and quickly after death, movements are possible. While the bodies do not sit up, these natural postmortem motions could be interpreted as such by those watching a funeral pyre from a distance.
Similarly, one would certainly expect some movement after death via self immolation, as the muscles will be "fresh" and the temperature could fluctuate. The same is true with individuals that die in a house fire, as they are often found by firefighters in a pugilistic pose.
Top image from Return of the Jedi. Additional images from The Official Star Wars/Flickr, and the New York Public Library/PD. Sources linked within the article.


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|Crude Reserves & Production
|Crude Oil plus Lease Condensate
|Key Terms
|The volume of proved reserves gained by the purchase of an existing fields or properties, from the date of purchase or transfer.
|The quantity which preserves an exact annual reserves balance within each State or State
subdivision of the following form:
Adjustments + Revision Increases - Revision Decreases - Sales + Acquisitions + Extensions + New Field Discoveries + New Reservoir Discoveries in Old Fields - Report Year Production = Published Proved Reserves at End of Report Year
These adjustments are the yearly changes in the published reserve estimates that cannot be attributed to the estimates for other reserve change categories because of the survey and statistical estimation methods employed. For example, variations as a result of changes in the operator frame, different random samples or imputations for missing or unreported reserve changes, could contribute to adjustments.
|Crude Oil
|A mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in the liquid phase in natural underground
reservoirs and remains liquid at atmospheric pressure after passing through surface
separating facilities. Crude oil may also include:
When a State regulatory agency specifies a definition of crude oil which differs from that set forth above, the State definition is to be followed.
|The reserves credited to a reservoir because of enlargement of its proved area. Normally the ultimate size of newly discovered fields, or newly discovered reservoirs in old fields, is determined by wells drilled in years subsequent to discovery. When such wells add to the proved area of a previously discovered reservoir, the increase in proved reserves is classified as an extension.
|Lease Condensate
|A mixture consisting primarily of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons which is recovered as a liquid from natural gas in lease separation facilities. This category excludes natural gas plant liquids, such as butane and propane, which are recovered at downstream natural gas processing plants or facilities.
|New Field Discoveries
|The volumes of proved reserves of crude oil, natural gas and/or natural gas liquids discovered in new fields during the report year.
|New Reservoir Discoveries in Old Fields
|The volumes of proved reserves of crude oil, natural gas, and/or natural gas liquids discovered during the report year in new reservoir(s) located in old fields.
|Production, Crude Oil
|The volumes of crude oil which are extracted from oil reservoirs during the report year. These volumes are determined through measurement of the volumes delivered from lease storage tanks, (i.e., at the point of custody transfer) with adjustment for (1) net differences between opening and closing lease inventories, and for (2) basic sediment and water. Oil used on the lease is considered production.
|Proved Reserves of Crude Oil
|Proved reserves of crude oil as of December 31 of the report year are the estimated
quantities of all liquids defined as crude oil, which geological and engineering data
demonstrate with reasonable
certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing
economic and operating conditions.
Reservoirs are considered proved if economic producibility is supported by actual production or conclusive formation test (drill stem or wire line), or if economic producibility is supported by core analyses and/or electric or other log interpretations. The area of an oil reservoir considered proved includes: (1) that portion delineated by drilling and defined by gas -- oil and/or gas -- water contacts, if any; and (2) the immediately adjoining portions not yet drilled, but which can be reasonably judged as economically productive on the basis of available geological and engineering data. In the absence of information on fluid contacts, the lowest known structural occurrence of hydrocarbons is considered to be the lower proved limit of the reservoir.
Volumes of crude oil placed in underground storage are not to be considered proved reserves.
Reserves of crude oil which can be produced economically through application of improved recovery techniques (such as fluid injection) are included in the "proved" classification when successful testing by a pilot project, or the operation of an installed program in the reservoir, provides support for the engineering analysis on which the project or program was based.
Estimates of proved crude oil reserves do not include the following: (1) oil that may become available from known reservoirs but is reported separately as "indicated additional reserves"; (2) natural gas liquids (including lease condensate); (3) oil, the recovery of which is subject to reasonable doubt because of uncertainty as to geology, reservoir characteristics, or economic factors; (4) oil that may occur in undrilled prospects; and (5) oil that may be recovered from oil shales, coal, gilsonite, and other such sources. It is necessary that production, gathering or transportation facilities be installed or operative for a reservoir to be considered proved.
|Changes to prior year-end proved reserves estimates, either positive or negative, resulting from new information other than an increase in proved acreage (extension). Revisions include increases of proved reserves associated with the installation of improved recovery techniques or equipment. They also include correction of prior report year arithmetical or clerical errors and adjustments to prior year-end production volumes to the extent that these alter reported prior year reserves estimates.
|The volume of proved reserves deducted from an operator's total reserves when selling an existing field or property, during the calendar year.
|For definitions of related energy terms, refer to the EIA Energy Glossary.
|Energy Information Administration, Office of Oil, Gas, and Coal Supply Statistics.
|Explanatory Notes


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Is it becoming harder and harder to stick to your resolve to lose weight as the New Year kicks in to its second month? Well, fitness guru Donna Richardson Joyner has a fitness program to help you work your plan.
SEE ALSO: Dr. Ian Smith's New Diet May Help You 'Shred' Pounds
In "Witness to Fitness: Pumped Up! Powered Up! All Things Are Possible" (pictured below)," Joyner combines a fitness regime of faith, healthy eating, and exercise that she tells NewsOne is sure to keep you on track. Throughout the 208-page book, she quotes scriptures, recommends low-calorie snacks, and 10-minute workouts for those days when you simply cannot fit a full workout in to your schedule.
Joyner, a member of President Barack Obama's Council For Fitness, took time out of her busy schedule to talk about her new book and answer questions about obesity and the importance of healthy eating and fitness in the African-American community. She urges African-American women, who have the highest obesity rate of any group in the nation, and their families to join First Lady Michelle Obama's Let's Move! campaign and battle against negative stereotypes in the media.
NewsOne: "Witness to Fitness" is such a great idea. How did you come up with it?
Donna Richardson Joyner: Just like my "Body Gospel" faith, fitness and healthy foods DVD and church program, God placed it in my heart to write "Witness To Fitness." Being a witness to your health is like being a witness to your faith. People have to be an eyewitness to their health and take action to become a better person with a healthy mind, spirit, and body.
You don't waiver or compromise your faith so don't waiver or compromise on your health. Your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have received from God, You are not your own (1 Corinthians 6:19-20 NIV). It's time to stop doing nothing and start doing something. Stop making excuses and start making better choices.
NO: What advice do you have for African-American women who have the highest obesity rate of any group of Americans?
DRJ: Four out of five African-American women are overweight or obese. We can't accept this as the norm. Let's put a stamp on it, "Not Accepted."
The reason why I wrote "Witness To Fitness" was because I had traveled around the world helping people become healthier but my greatest challenge was not overseas it was my family, my community, my church.
I was sick and tired of being sick and tired of witnessing love ones suffer from preventable illnesses like obesity, go to heaven way to soon, know better but not do better and not appreciating good health until they experienced bad health.
My sisters, the most-precious gift you can give to yourself is not getting your hair done, or your nails manicured, not a pair of 4-inch shoes or a fabulous dress, it's Good Health!
Your health is the power line of your life, and without it, there is no being. Sharon, a middle age woman, went to the doctor a few times complaining about her health and never following the advice of her doctor who told her to be more physically active and eat nutritional meals. Falling on deaf ears he finally said, "Would you rather exercise one hour of every day or be dead every hour of every day."
It's time for change and you have the power to change. Change your thinking and your actions will follow. My pastor once said, "You cannot conquer what you are not committed to moving forward." Let's not just pray about good health, let's be about it. See your health as a necessity, not a luxury. I have 28-day program that will help you get started and develop habits that become a part of your lifestyle.
It will work if you work it. In the Bible it says, "Whatever you eat or drink do it for the glory of the Lord." In other words, treasure your temple don't trash your temple.
NO: What are some of the greatest myths surrounding Black women and obesity? Are African-American women just thick and big boned? The hook in the popular "Birthday Song" by 2 Chainz, featuring Kanye West, is "All I want for my birthday is a big booty h**." In a sense, big booties and thick women are glorified.
DRJ: First, let's stop saying the words big boned and thick to describe African-American women. Let's start by saying we are fearfully and wonderfully made and we "can do all things through Christ who strengths us." I don't care what shape, size, color, age, or nationality you are; it's important to be healthy. Full figure, skinny Minnie, big buns, curvy hips, tank thighs, it does not matter what you call it, take care of your body or you won't be around to take care of others.
We have a health epidemic in Black communities and we must act now! My grandmother use to say if you take one step, the good Lord will take two.
Faith without works is dead.
First lady Michelle Obama says, "Let's Move." Whatever you want to call it, just do it.
NO: African-American women have long been known for their spirituality. Is that why you combined faith, food, and fitness?
DRJ: If we trust in God for everything else in our life, why won't we trust in Him regarding our physical being? Most of us have tried diets, gadgets, and crazy programs. The one thing missing was God. By combining your faith, fitness, and healthy foods, you sow good seeds, you reap healthy returns.
Losing weight is not just physical, it's spiritual. There are no short cuts and it's not easy. Believe in your faith and be obedient in your actions so you can be faithfully fit and fabulous!
NO: Finally, what is your secret to staying fit? What advice can you give to other women who resolved to lose weight in 2013 and are trying to stay on track?
DRJ: I'm physically active daily and enjoy walking, swimming, golfing, dancing, hiking etc. I practice good nutrition. I treat myself once or twice a week. I have daily devotion every morning with prayer and meditation. I have used challenges, obstacles, and pains in my life to push me in to my greater purpose and calling in life. I have learned to decrease self and increase God. I serve with honor and humility.
Staying fit, having a loving heart, and a giving spirit allows me to help people around the world not just look good and feel good but to be good and do good. "To whom much is given much is required."
The problem is not just sometimes starting but sticking to it.
Remember, God can't bless what you don't do.
Ask him for the grace to change. You have to want to change more then you want to stay the same. If you have started with your New Year's resolution to lose weight or become healthier here are a few tips to keep you going:
1. Decrease processed foods, increase natural foods.
2. Drink plenty of water (8 or more glasses daily).
3. Practice moderation. If you can't see the bottom of the plate, you have too much. Use a salad plate, eat slower, snack on fruit and veggies, no seconds, and don't pick up the saltshaker.
4. Be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Get rid of negative self talks, stinking thinking, and lose the bad attitude.
5. If you fall off the wagon, get right back on track that day. Don't blow the whole day, week, or month because of one mistake. It's temporary and it shall pass the moment you call on Him to help you move forward. Call on him to push you away from the table when you are full. Call on him to get your butt up to workout after you hit the snooze button. Call on him when you don't think you can walk another mile or stay on the StairMaster 5 more minutes.
This awakening, being a "Witness to Fitness," is about you, it's about me, and we are in this together. Now woman up, and do it not just for yourself, but also for your children and your family. Get pumped up, powered, and prayed up!
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One new year's resolution that everyone should make is to to take the steps necessary to provide greater security on their smart phones and other mobile devices. As anyone familiar with my recent book "50 Ways to Protect Your Identity in a Digital Age" knows, identity theft is rampant on smart phones and other mobile devices as people who are careful to maintain the security of their computers fail to provide similar security protections on their smart phones and mobile devices despite the fact that many of us do many of our financial transactions on our smart phones and mobile devices and store much sensitive information on our smart phones and mobile devices such that if they are hacked into by an identity thief we are likely to become a victim of identity theft in short order.
Although there are many considerations in purchasing a smart phone, it is important to recognize that the popular Android has probably the least secure operating system and is most popular with identity thieves. You should also make sure that your smart phone or other mobile device provides for encryption of your data and use this feature to protect your information. All smart phones and mobile devices come with a host of features, many of which you don't use. For security's sake disable those features that you don't use to eliminate those features as an avenue for identity thieves. Use a password to lock your smart phone or mobile device and make sure that the password you use is a good combination of letters, digits and signs. The word "password" is a lousy password. Pick one that is easy to remember, but difficult for a hacker to guess, such as "Safety1st!!!." The added digit and multiple exclamation points make this a safe password. Look into remote storage of your smart phone's information in the Cloud and make sure that you backup your information. Check with your particular smart phone or mobile device manufacturer to see what security software programs they advise. There are many free ones that work well. These may seem like excessive steps to take, but they are not. These steps will help prevent you from becoming one of the many people who will become a victim of identity theft this year.


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IMF Calls For Action As Euro Zone Crisis Festers
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The IMF prodded the world's rich countries for swifter action as Europe's debt crisis drags on while the US and Japan show scant progress handling their budget deficits. Christine Lagarde, managing director of the International Monetary Fund, said political wrangling added to economic uncertainty, slowing growth in both advanced and emerging economies. The IMF cut its global growth forecast this week for the second time since April.
"We expect action and we expect courageous and cooperative action on the part of our members," Lagarde told reporters ahead of the IMF's twice-yearly meetings in Tokyo. The slowdown has not spared emerging market economies, which were instrumental in pulling the global economy out of recession in 2009. Brazil cut interest rates on 10 October and South Korea on 11 October.
"Developing countries, which have been the engine of growth, will not be immune the increased uncertainty in the global economy," said World Bank President Jim Yong Kim. "The economic announcements emanating in recent weeks have been sobering. Everyone is vulnerable in times of uncertainty but especially the poor who have few, if any, safety nets and resources and live from day to day."
The IMF has expressed frustration with Europe's piecemeal response to its debt crisis and warned that a recent respite in borrowing costs for debt-laden countries such as Spain may prove short-lived unless euro zone leaders come up with a comprehensive and credible plan.
In its financial stability report on 10 October, the IMF said that without swift policy action, including the triggering of the European Central Bank's bond-buying programme, the premium that investors demand to hold Spanish and Italian debt instead of safer German bonds would nearly double. Standard & Poor's cut its rating on Spain on 10 October to a level just above junk territory, and Moody's may soon follow.
The IMF has said it stands ready to support a European bailout for Spain, should Madrid ask. Reuters reported on 1 October that Spain was ready to seek help, but that Germany was blocking an aid request because it preferred to combine a Spanish rescue with additional assistance for other struggling countries such as Greece.
Jose Vinals, the head of the IMF's monetary and capital markets department, warned that countries must not withhold help if Spain were to ask the European Central Bank to buy its bonds under a new bailout programme, known as OMT for Outright Monetary Transaction.
"If it were to be the case that they decide to activate this mechanism and they can submit to the proper degree of conditionality, it would be essential that the creditor countries do not negate this activation of the OMT for Spain or for any of the countries," Vinals told Reuters.
True Monetary Union
Japan's finance minister, Koriki Jojima, called the euro zone's debt and financial sector problems the biggest risk to the global economy and said it was crucial for Europe to quickly implement agreed steps to resolve the crisis. "We hope that European countries will overcome conflicts in opinions and strengthen their efforts to unite together and establish a monetary union in the true meaning," he said.
But Japan also drew criticism from the IMF for failing to come up with a medium-term plan to address its own debt difficulties. In its financial stability report, the IMF said Europe's troubles provided a "cautionary tale" for Japan that waiting to address its towering debt - estimated at more than twice its annual gross domestic product - could be costly.
European officials are keen to ensure their region is not the sole topic of discussion, and want more attention placed on the difficulties Washington faces addressing its "fiscal cliff" of automatic spending cuts and tax increases that will take effect early next year unless Congress acts.
The IMF projected that the fiscal contraction would amount to more than 4 per cent of total US economic output and plunge the world's biggest economy back into recession.
The Fund itself is struggling to muster the sort of decisive action that Lagarde wants to see from world leaders. Its 188 member countries meet on 12-13 October, and will fall short of a goal to implement voting reforms that would give large emerging economies greater say and elevate China to the No. 3 spot in IMF power.
A territorial dispute between Japan and China added another element of disharmony. China's top central bank and finance ministry officials backed out of the meetings and sent deputies to Tokyo instead. Lagarde said she hoped the world's second- and third-largest economies could resolve their differences "harmoniously and expeditiously."
"I think they lose out by not attending the meeting," she said of the Chinese officials. "And they will be missing something great."
Tags assigned to this article:economy india europe us top 2 imf christine lagarde international monetary fund euro zone slowdown debt crisis


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About This Quiz
Every second around the world, Emergency Medical Technicians are at work helping to save lives. It might be someone injured in a car accident, or perhaps a child showing adverse allergic reactions to a bee sting. No matter the situation, these healthcare professionals are trained to react to anything thrown at them.
Emergency Medical Technicians are the medical professionals on the frontline. Even more so than doctors, to be honest. It is their job to help stabilize and transport patients to the hospital where further medical assistance can be given. And it certainly is a tough job filled with long hours and plenty of emotional situations.
But thanks to their training, Emergency Medical Technicians know how to handle each and every situation. They access what is needed and make split-second decisions, acting to ensure each and every patient gets the best treatment in whatever situation they find themselves in.
Do you think you would be able to handle what Emergency Medical Technicians deal with on a daily basis? Well, a good way to find out is to take this quiz and see how you fare answering questions from an EMT exam! Good luck, it is sure to get your heart rate up!
A patient experiencing anaphylactic shock is a very serious situation. And yes, a bee sting can lead to this condition, because some patients are allergic to bee stings.
Found in the heart, the aorta is the biggest artery found in the human body. Its main function is to transport blood that has oxygen in it through the body.
NO! HIV cannot be transmitted through inhalation at all. In a medical situation, it would only be transmitted through blood, for example a needle stick injury.
Communicable diseases, although some can be fatal, are diseases that are spread among people in different ways. It could be through the air, for example, if a tuberculosis patient sneezes or coughs, or in blood, as in the case of HIV.
The medical name for the collar bone is the clavicle. It connects the shoulder blade with the sternum or breast bone. This is the longest horizontal bone in the human body.
Delivering a baby is something EMT's have to deal with from time to time. The baby will pass through the opening of the uterus, called the cervix, which dilates enough to let the infant pass into the birth canal.
The coronary arteries are a major set of arteries found in the heart. Two main arteries form the coronary artery group. They are simply called the left coronary and right coronary artery. When these arteries become blocked, a patient can experience angina or even have a heart attack.
A kneecap is also known as a patella. it is connected to the upper and lower leg by the means of tendons, namely the patellar and the quadriceps tendon. The patella protects the knee joint.
When an EMT comes across a patient with a severe bleeding wound, the first thing to do is to apply direct pressure to the wound. This can help close up the wound (if small enough) and also give the blood chance to begin the clotting process.
The motor cortex is found near the top of our brains and stretches from ear to ear across the brain. Together with the cerebellum, it helps control movement.
No, never do this. It could lead to a back injury. Rather bend your knees to lower yourself, keeping your back straight, and lift by straightening your legs again.
The esophagus connects the throat with the stomach. It forms part of the alimentary canal and is a tube consisting of muscle and filled with mucous membrane.
Also called the radial bone, the radius, along with the ulna, make up the two-bone structure of the forearm. It is slightly shorter than the ulna and has a prism shape.
The bronchi are connected to each lung. When we breathe, the air comes down the trachea and then passes into each bronchi which direct it toward the lungs. They form part of the pulmonary system.
When dealing with patients who have tuberculosis it is best to always wear a mask. This is because tuberculosis can be spread if you inhale the germ. Precaution is always the best option, although the disease is difficult to catch despite the fact that it is spread through the air.
While all the other tasks might be relevant at some point, an open airway is the most important thing while assessing a patient. All the other tasks can wait till after the assessment has finished.
If a patient is suffering hypoperfusion, blood has slowed down flowing through their body and through vital organs. It can lead to a state of shock in the patient.
Nasal flaring is a clue that a patient is in respiratory distress but its the use of accessory muscles that will confirm their problem. These are generally only used by the body following exercise or during respiratory failure.
The bone in the upper arm is known as the humerus. It runs from the shoulder to the elbow. The humerus connects the scapular with the two bones in the lower arm, the radius and ulna.
Anaphylactic reactions can be very severe and often are a matter of life or death. A massive allergic reaction, they can be caused by an insect sting, food or even medication.
The bone in the thigh is known as the femur. Not only is the femur the longest bone in the human body, running from the hip joint to the knee, it is also the strongest.
When applying compression to the chest of an adult, you should compress the chest around 2 to 2.4 inches. This is around 5 to 6 centimeters. For a child, compression should be a third of their chest size.
While the mandible bone is used to describe the lower jaw, the cheekbone area is called the zygoma. And the upper jaw? Well, that is called the maxilla.
In anatomy, the word anterior mean front. So for example, an athlete who has injured an anterior cruciate ligament in their ankle has damaged the ligament at the front of the ankle. When referring to the ligaments at the back of the ankle, one would say posterior.
True! Because their pancreas does not produce insulin, a type 1 diabetic must inject themselves ever day. This is usually done around meal times to help keep their blood sugar at stable levels. There are now insulin pumps which may alleviate the need for daily needles.
A person standing upright with their arms by their sides and palms facing forward is said to be in the anatomical position. This is used to describe a patient's body.
The good old appendix, yes, that is what you will find in the right lower quadrant. This organ has a tendency to burst from time to time, but luckily, it usually lets someone know beforehand by putting them through excruciating pain!
The cerebellum lies at the back of the brain and handles all our balance and co-ordination. This is the largest part of our brain. Interestingly, cerebellum is Latin for "little brain".
Your liver has many functions including helping to detoxify your body, it does this by filtering anything we consume in whole or liquid form. It also turns sugar into glycogen and breaks down fats that we eat. Overall, the liver has over 500 different functions.
A normal adult, who has been sitting at rest, will breathe around 12 to 20 breaths a minute. Paramedics will check a patient's breathing and this can help them work out if the person is in distress or not, especially with no visible injuries.
Although the biblical story tells us that God fashioned Eve from the rib of Adam, men and women have the same number of ribs. And how many are there? Twelve pairs to make 24.
The American Heart Association instituted new CPR guidelines in 2016. In it, they recommend a 30:2 ratio of compression to breaths for two EMTs while treating an adult patient.
All four of these are important in sending blood filled with oxygen around the lungs and then on its return, sending it to the lungs to be filled with oxygen once again. While the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around the body, the right ventricle receives the de-oxygenated blood back to the lungs.
When doctor connect an artery to a vein, it is called a fistula. This is done without any medical devices or tubing between the artery and the vein. These are often used for patients undergoing hemodialysis.
While sickle cell anemia can cause painful joints as well as abdominal pains, it has another implication for men. It can cause a terribly painful erection!


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Talking Union Basics – Kamloops
October 28 2023 - October 29 2023
9 AM - 4:30 PM both days
Delta Hotel, 540 Victoria St, Kamloops
Facilitator: Robert Strang
This is the union's key "introductory" course. If you have wondered what it means to be a union member, how the PSAC works, and what happens to your dues dollars, then Talking Union Basics provides answers to these questions. The course also introduces the collective agreement, your employee rights and your rights as a member of the PSAC. You will learn about the many opportunities to be active in the union and ways you can make a contribution to building strong locals in the B.C. region. It is recommended that members take Talking Union Basics first, as it provides the basic knowledge you need to get the most from other PSAC courses.
Sign up for this course below. Registration deadline: October 13, 2023


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Information is the currency of modern medicine. Better diagnostic tools — think everything from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines to rapid genetic sequencing for new pathogens — enable better medical care.
One problem, however, is that many medical diagnostics are bulky and expensive, limiting where they can be used. (Just try taking an MRI machine out of the hospital.) If we could make sensors small enough to wear, we could better keep track of our health everywhere — not just in the hospital.
MORE: Why Belly Pain is a Headache for ER Doctors
That day might not be far away. In an article published in the August 11 Science, a team of engineers describe a new system of skin-mounted electronics small enough to fit under a temporary tattoo. The ultrathin patches — made of water-soluble plastic — are easily flexible, bending with the movement of skin. And they're laminated onto skin with water — just as a temporary tattoo would be.
Here's what Todd Coleman, an electrical and computer engineer at the University of Illinois and one of the leaders of the Science team, had to say about the invention:
We think this could be an important conceptual advance in wearable electronics, to achieve something that is almost unnoticeable to the wearer. The technology can connect you to the physical world and the cyberworld in a very natural way that feels very comfortable.
MORE: Can We Reduce CT Radiation in the ER?
The skin-mounted electronics could easily be used for medical diagnostic purposes — perhaps as EEG or EMG sensors, which monitor nerve and muscle activity. Because the tattoos don't need tape or gel or wires, they're much less bulky and much more comfortable for patients.
That means sensor applications that might have been confined to the hospital or the lab — like EEG studies of brain activity — can move into the real world. That's perfect for research on conditions like sleep disorders. In the future, the devices might even help patients with muscular or neurological disorders, like ALS, communicate by interfacing skin sensors with computers that could transform throat movements into electronic speech.
There's only one downside, at least for some fundamentalist Christians. Several Christian websites have raised the possibility that the electronic tattoos could be used as the Mark of the Beast, as foretold in the Book of Revelations. But hey, nothing's perfect.
MORE: A Tattoo to Help Monitor Blood Sugar Levels
Bryan Walsh is a senior writer at TIME. Find him on Twitter at @bryanrwalsh. You can also continue the discussion on TIME's Facebook page and on Twitter at @TIME