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A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, as opposed to bombers and attack aircraft, whose main mission is to attack ground targets. The hallmarks of a fighter are its speed, maneuverability, and small size relative to other combat aircraft.Also These Military Flights Are Used For Rescue Operations For disasters Like Floods,Earth Quakes, Lets Look at the Top 10 Most Expensive Military Flights.
Top 10 Most Expensive Military Flights:
10.Boeing F/A-18 Hornet: $94 million
First entering service in the 1980s, the twin-engine fighter plane was the U.S.'s first strike fighter — an aircraft capable of attacking both ground and aerial targets. It has seen action in Operation Desert Storm and as the aircraft of the Navy's Blue Angels Flight Demonstration Squadron. The F/A-18 is also used by Canada, Australia, Finland, Kuwait, Malaysia, Spain and Switzerland.
9.EA-18G Growler: $102 million
Hot off the presses, the Growler is a lightly armed version of the F/A-18 fighter that has been updated for electronic warfare (it is currently being delivered to the Navy). Growlers are capable of not only finding and disrupting anti-aircraft radar, but also jamming enemy communications.
8.V-22 Osprey: $118 million
This tilt-rotor aircraft, which takes off and lands like a helicopter but can fly faster and farther like a fixed-wing plane, was first used in combat in Iraq in 2007. The Osprey's production has been bedeviled by design and construction problems: the craft claimed the lives of at least 30 Marines and civilians during its development alone (former Vice President Dick Cheney tried repeatedly to ground the plane). Still, because of its range and versatility, the Marine Corps plans to deploy a squadron of V-22s to Afghanistan by the end of the year.
7.Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II: $122 million
Lockheed Martin's 2001 deal to build these stealth, supersonic fighter jets was at the time the largest military contract ever. The F-35s, intended to replace an aging aircraft arsenal, were developed as part of a Joint Strike Fighter program between the U.S. and its allies and were criticized as underpowered and overweight — and therefore easy targets. Making matters worse, from 2007 to 2008, cyberspies infiltrated the 7.5 million lines of computer code that powered the Joint Strike Fighter, raising concerns that enemies could copy the F-35's design and exploit its weaknesses. In April 2009, Lockheed Martin said it did not believe the program had been compromised.
6.E-2D Advanced Hawkeye: $232 million
A major step forward for surveillance and reconnaissance, the Advanced Hawkeye's powerful new radar system will increase the range of territory an aircraft can monitor by 300%. "It can probably watch the pistachios pop in Iran," an analyst for the think tank Lexington Institute told National Defense in July. Though development of the plane is on track and two test versions have been delivered to the Navy, budget cuts may keep the planes grounded for at least a year longer than planned.
5.VH-71 Kestrel: $241 million
This high-tech helicopter project, intended to replace the President's aging chopper fleet, was running more than 50% over budget by the time Barack Obama took office. Soon after his Inauguration, the President announced plans to scrap the helicopters because of cost overruns. On July 22, however, the House Appropriations Committee unanimously approved restoring $485 million to fund the Kestrels.
4.P-8A Poseidon: $290 million
Boeing's spruced-up military version of its 737 jet will be used by the Navy to conduct anti-submarine warfare and gather intelligence. It can carry torpedoes, missiles, depth charges and other weapons. The P-8A is expected to go into service in 2013.
3.C17A Globemaster III: $328 million
The Air Force military-transport plane is used to move troops into war zones, perform medical evacuations and conduct airdrop missions. There are 190 C17As in service; the aircraft is propelled by four turbofan engines (of the same type used on the twin-engine Boeing 757) and can drop 102 paratroopers at once. In operation since 1993, it has been used to deliver troops and humanitarian aid to Afghanistan and Iraq.
2.F-22 Raptor: $350 million
First conceived during the Cold War as an airframe to vie with Soviet aircraft that was never built, the F-22 is touted by manufacturer Lockheed Martin as the best overall combat plane in the world — not to mention the most expensive. It can shoot down enemy cruise missiles, fly long distances at supersonic speeds and avoid nearly all types of radar detection. But the Senate debate over whether to build seven more — at a taxpayer cost of $1.67 billion — eventually came down to the plane's job-creating abilities. The axed project would have employed 25,000 Americans.
1.B-2 Spirit: $2.4 billion
The B-2 bomber was so costly that Congress cut its initial 1987 purchase order from 132 to 21. (A 2008 crash leaves the current number at 20.) The B-2 is hard to detect via infrared, acoustic, electromagnetic, visual or radar signals. This stealth capability makes it able to attack enemy targets with less fear of retaliation. In use since 1993, the B-2 has been deployed to both Iraq and Afghanistan.
These Are the Top 10 Most Expensive Military Flights in the world, there are view more Best And Powerful Military Flights Are Under Construction. If They Released They May Get The Best Place Over This List.
If You Enjoyed This Top 10 Most Expensive Military Flights Article, Give us a Like And Share… 😛


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Loveless Cosplay
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Pope Francis blasts abortion as part of 'throw-away culture'
Comments come day after he was quoted blasting church's 'small-minded rules'
Pope Francis offered an olive branch of sorts to the doctrine-minded, conservative wing of the Catholic Church on Friday as he denounced abortion as a symptom of today's "throw-away culture" and encouraged Catholic doctors to refuse to perform them.
Francis issued a strong anti-abortion message and cited Vatican teaching on the need to defend the unborn during an audience with Catholic gynecologists.
It came a day after he was quoted as blasting the church's obsession with "small-minded rules" that are driving the faithful away and urging it to focus instead on being merciful and welcoming — an interview that has sent shock waves throughout the church.
Even before the interview was published, conservatives had voiced disappointment that Francis had shied away from restating church rules on such hot-button issues as abortion, homosexuality and gay marriage. Francis explained his reason for doing so in the interview with the Jesuit journal La Civilta Cattolica, saying church teaching on such issues is well-known, he supports it, but that he doesn't feel it necessary to repeat it constantly.
He did repeat that message on Friday, however. In his comments, Francis denounced today's "throw-away culture" that justifies disposing of lives, and said doctors in particular had been forced into situations where they are called to "not respect life."
"Every child that isn't born, but is unjustly condemned to be aborted, has the face of Jesus Christ, has the face of the Lord," he said.
He urged the gynecologists to abide by their consciences and help bring lives into the world. "Things have a price and can be for sale, but people have a dignity that is priceless and worth far more than things," he said.
Interview comments showed radical shift in tone
Francis' comments to Civilta Cattolica contained no change in church teaching, but they represented a radical shift in tone and stood in stark contrast to the priorities of his two immediate predecessors.
John Paul II and Benedict XVI were both intellectuals for whom doctrine was paramount, an orientation that guided the selection of a generation of bishops and cardinals who, in countries like the United States, have put themselves at the forefront of the culture wars in opposing abortion and gay marriage. They now find themselves being asked to preach more to those people who have fallen away from the church and offer them a compassionate welcome back.
Greg Burke, the Vatican's senior communications adviser, insisted Friday that Francis was by no means calling into question the papacies and priorities of his predecessors.
"The Pope is not condemning his predecessors," Burke told The Associated Press. "What he is saying is 'We've spent a lot of time talking about the boundaries, we've spent a lot of time talking about what is sin and what's not. Now let's move on. Let's talk about mercy. Let's talk about love." '


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This are pre-owned in A to A+ condition includes power adapter hand set and hand set and stand
Cisco Small Business IP Phones
Advanced, Affordable, Feature-Rich IP Phone for Business or a Home Office
• Full-featured 4-line business-class IP phone supporting Power over Ethernet (PoE)
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• Easy installation and secure remote provisioning, as well as menu-based and web-based configuration
• Supports up to two Cisco SPA500S Expansion Modules adding up to 64 additional keys
• Supports both SIP and SPCP Protocol with Cisco Unified Communication 500 Series
Rich Phone Features and SIP Compatibility
The Cisco ® SPA514G 4-Line IP Phone with 2-Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch provides advanced voice and data communications features small businesses need to stay productive and responsive. Based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), the Cisco SPA514G (Figure 1) has been tested to ensure complete interoperability with leading voice over IP (VoIP) equipment from voice over IP infrastructure leaders, enabling service providers to quickly roll out competitive, feature-rich services to their customers.
With hundreds of features and configurable service parameters, the Cisco SPA514G addresses the requirements of traditional business users while building on the advantages of IP telephony. Features such as easy station moves and shared line appearances (across local and geographically dispersed locations) are just some of the many advantages of the SPA514G.
Stylish and affordable, the Cisco SPA514G IP Phone can also be used with productivity-enhancing features such as VoiceView Express, and Cisco XML Applications when interfacing with Cisco Unified Communication 500 Series in SPCP Mode.
Secure and Easy to Manage
The Cisco SPA514G was designed to simplify installation, while providing enhanced security for complete peace of mind. It utilizes standard encryption protocols to perform secure remote provisioning and unobtrusive in-service software upgrades. Secure remote provisioning tools include detailed performance measurement and troubleshooting features, enabling network providers to deliver high-quality support to their subscribers. Remote provisioning also saves service providers the time and expense of managing, preloading, and reconfiguring customer premises equipment.
Figure 1. Cisco SPA514G 4-Line IP Phone with 2-Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch


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Indira Cesarine "Harriet"
Indira Cesarine "Harriet" 2019
Glass Neon Light Sculpture Mounted on Plexiglass with an electrical transformer
Dimensions 30 x 26 x 4in
Signed on verso, includes a certificate of authenticity.
Requires shipping quote, contact us for more info.
Installation available in NYC area.
Indira Cesarine is a Mexican-American multidisciplinary artist who works with photography, video, painting, printmaking, and sculpture. A graduate of Columbia University with a triple major in Art History, French, and Women's Studies, she additionally studied at Parson's School of Design, International Center of Photography, School of Visual Arts, Art Students League, and the New York Academy of Art. Cesarine had her first solo show at the age of sixteen at Paul Mellon Arts Center. She began working as a photographer while in her teens, shooting for top modeling agencies Elite, Ford, and IMG while she completed her degree. Upon graduation from university, she continued her career in London where she was awarded photography commissions by Vogue, GQ, Harper's Bazaar, and many other international titles while still in her early twenties. Her work as an artist has been featured internationally at many art galleries, museums, and art fairs, including The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Hudson Valley MOCA, The Watermill Center, Mattatuck Museum, Albany Institute, CICA Museum, Smack Mellon, San Luis Obispo Museum of Art, French Embassy Cultural Center, Art Basel Miami, SCOPE Art Fair, Norwood Arts Club, Cannes Film Festival, and SPRING/BREAK Art Show to name a few.
In 2014, her public art sculpture, "The Egg of Light," was exhibited at Rockefeller Center as part of the Fabergé Big Egg Hunt. Cesarine's work has been auctioned in a number of art benefits including Sotheby's New York "Take Home A Nude," ARTWALK NY benefiting the Coalition for the Homeless, and Gabrielle's Angel Foundation for Cancer Research, among many others. Her artwork and exhibitions have been featured internationally in numerous publications including The New York Times, American Vogue, Vogue Italia, Forbes, Newsweek, W Magazine, Harper's Bazaar, i-D, Dazed, New York Magazine, and The Huffington Post. Aside from her work as an artist, she is the founder and editor-in-chief of The Untitled Magazine, founder of Art4Equality, an initiative supporting equality in the arts, as well as founder of The Untitled Space art gallery. Cesarine explores her creative vision as an artist vis-à-vis traditional and new mediums and finds strength in examining new ideas in contemporary culture. She currently lives and works in Tribeca, NY.
Read more about her artwork and exhibitions on our website.


text:
Hands Craft 3D Wooden Puzzle Music Box - Ferris Wheel
- Regular Price
- $28.00
- Sale Price
- $28.00
- Regular Price
- $35.00
Sold Out
- Unit Price
- per
Shipping calculated at checkout.
- 😊【FUN & EXCITING】With this 3D Wooden Puzzle you can enjoy long interactive hours of fun play with family and friends.
- 🎵 【ACTUAL TUNES】Plays "Castle in the Sky" that will entertain you as you watch the Ferris Wheel rotate.
- 🚀【UNIQUE, EXQUISITE TECHNOLOGY DESIGN】 Our 3D Puzzle Music Box is made from safe, non-toxic and eco-friendly natural wood and the exquisite laser cutting technology for perfect blend of premium quality and precision. For ages 14 & over.
- 💡【EDUCATIONAL & INTERATIVE】With 69 hand assembling pieces, this Wood Craft Kit engages your brain and hands and gives you a sense of accomplishment after successful assembling. It's a great activity to spend constructive time with family or friends as you can involve them in assembling the pieces.
- 🔨【DIY HAND-ASSEMBLED】 Comes with 69 pcs that can be easily assembled by hand. Takes an average of 30 minutes to 1 hour depending with your skills. 3.94 x 2.99 x 6.61 inches when fully assembled. Pre-packed with wood glue and tools.
- 🎁【A GREAT GIFTING IDEA】 Fun unique design, this mechanical Craft set will make a great gift for Birthdays, Christmas, Baby Showers, Thanksgiving Day, Back to School, Valentine's Day, boys, girls, friends, families, and for teachers. Bring cheer to family & friends; order now!
Toys, Gifts, Gift, Music Box, Puzzles, Puzzle, Hands Craft.
- in stock


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I don't know where Max picked up these moves or what he's singing, but I love it. Oh, and remember how I once mentioned he has the most awesome way of saying "Yes"—it sounds like "Yeee-ah"? You can hear it here. I could listen to Max saying "Yeee-ah!" all day long.
Wednesday, February 16, 2011
Max's audition video for American Idol/Dancing With The Stars
I don't know where Max picked up these moves or what he's singing, but I love it. Oh, and remember how I once mentioned he has the most awesome way of saying "Yes"—it sounds like "Yeee-ah"? You can hear it here. I could listen to Max saying "Yeee-ah!" all day long.
15 comments:
I love it, I love it, I absolutely LOVE it! You're right - Max's "Yeee-ah" is downright awesome! And he does have some great dance moves. I could sit and watch him dance and sing for hours!ReplyDelete
Please tell Mr. Purple Max that if I'm ever in your neck of the woods, I'd like to dance with him! :)
Please tell purple Max that he ROCKS!!! Love his yeah and that video in general!!!!ReplyDelete
I just started reading your blog so this is my first time seeing a video of Max. WHAT a cutiepie and I'm totally in love with him. Thank you for sharing!ReplyDelete
would TOTALLY vote for him!! hehe <3 my 3 y.o. was watching over my shoulder and told me, "he's singing! he said he jumped way up high to the sky." lol totally adorable, thx for sharing!ReplyDelete
Oh my goodness, he is so CUTE! I just want to pick him up and squinch him.ReplyDelete
That was awesome, Purple Max! I loved it. You get our votes too. I also heard something about "high in the sky." I could also swear that I heard, "I love you, girl!" He definitely has some good moves. I love the drama with the arms. So adorable. Emma and I both enjoyed this.ReplyDelete
That could just be a New Kids on the Block flashback, but I am stickin' to it.
That was hilariously awesome.ReplyDelete
Ashleys watched that clip and loves it. Cerys just watched it (she's just 3) and she said "Oopy daidy" when he fell down and the "Y'all rite? "ReplyDelete
GO Purple Max. What a star.
He's such a happy child. Love that you call him Purple Max. So cute!ReplyDelete
Love his moves!! Awesome video!ReplyDelete
How adorable is he?ReplyDelete
He melts me. Love it.ReplyDelete
- FeliciaFebruary 17, 2011 at 9:38 PM
One of my favorite activities as a kid was jumping on the bed, which is why I find it impossible to get mad when I find the trait has been handed down. Bed jumping is good exercise, improves balance, and develops core strength, that's what I say! It's therapy disguised as fun! Max is doing great, there--and he's so doggone cute!ReplyDelete
Love it! Purple Max has some great moves! I love the Yeah - what a cutie!ReplyDelete
Go Max! You rule!ReplyDelete


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CREATE LANGUAGE — define a new procedural language
nameCREATE [ OR REPLACE ] [ TRUSTED ] [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE
call_handler[ INLINE
inline_handler] [ VALIDATOR
CREATE LANGUAGE registers a new procedural language with a PostgreSQL database. Subsequently, functions and procedures can be defined in this new language.
As of PostgreSQL 9.1, most procedural languages have been made into "extensions", and should therefore be installed with CREATE EXTENSION not
CREATE LANGUAGE. Direct use of
CREATE LANGUAGE should now be confined to extension installation scripts. If you have a "bare" language in your database, perhaps as a result of an upgrade, you can convert it to an extension using
langname FROM unpackaged
CREATE LANGUAGE effectively associates the language name with handler function(s) that are responsible for executing functions written in the language. Refer to Chapter 55 for more information about language handlers.
There are two forms of the
CREATE LANGUAGE command. In the first form, the user supplies just the name of the desired language, and the PostgreSQL server consults the
pg_pltemplate system catalog to determine the correct parameters. In the second form, the user supplies the language parameters along with the language name. The second form can be used to create a language that is not defined in
pg_pltemplate, but this approach is considered obsolescent.
When the server finds an entry in the
pg_pltemplate catalog for the given language name, it will use the catalog data even if the command includes language parameters. This behavior simplifies loading of old dump files, which are likely to contain out-of-date information about language support functions.
Ordinarily, the user must have the PostgreSQL superuser privilege to register a new language. However, the owner of a database can register a new language within that database if the language is listed in the
pg_pltemplate catalog and is marked as allowed to be created by database owners (
tmpldbacreate is true). The default is that trusted languages can be created by database owners, but this can be adjusted by superusers by modifying the contents of
pg_pltemplate. The creator of a language becomes its owner and can later drop it, rename it, or assign it to a new owner.
CREATE OR REPLACE LANGUAGE will either create a new language, or replace an existing definition. If the language already exists, its parameters are updated according to the values specified or taken from
pg_pltemplate, but the language's ownership and permissions settings do not change, and any existing functions written in the language are assumed to still be valid. In addition to the normal privilege requirements for creating a language, the user must be superuser or owner of the existing language. The
REPLACE case is mainly meant to be used to ensure that the language exists. If the language has a
pg_pltemplate entry then
REPLACE will not actually change anything about an existing definition, except in the unusual case where the
pg_pltemplate entry has been modified since the language was created.
TRUSTED specifies that the language does not grant access to data that the user would not otherwise have. If this key word is omitted when registering the language, only users with the PostgreSQL superuser privilege can use this language to create new functions.
This is a noise word.
The name of the new procedural language. The name must be unique among the languages in the database.
For backward compatibility, the name can be enclosed by single quotes.
call_handler is the name of a previously registered function that will be called to execute the procedural language's functions. The call handler for a procedural language must be written in a compiled language such as C with version 1 call convention and registered with PostgreSQL as a function taking no arguments and returning the
language_handler type, a placeholder type that is simply used to identify the function as a call handler.
inline_handler is the name of a previously registered function that will be called to execute an anonymous code block (DO command) in this language. If no
inline_handler function is specified, the language does not support anonymous code blocks. The handler function must take one argument of type
internal, which will be the
DO command's internal representation, and it will typically return
void. The return value of the handler is ignored.
valfunction is the name of a previously registered function that will be called when a new function in the language is created, to validate the new function. If no validator function is specified, then a new function will not be checked when it is created. The validator function must take one argument of type
oid, which will be the OID of the to-be-created function, and will typically return
A validator function would typically inspect the function body for syntactical correctness, but it can also look at other properties of the function, for example if the language cannot handle certain argument types. To signal an error, the validator function should use the
ereport() function. The return value of the function is ignored.
TRUSTED option and the support function name(s) are ignored if the server has an entry for the specified language name in
Use DROP LANGUAGE to drop procedural languages.
The system catalog
pg_language (see Section 51.29) records information about the currently installed languages. Also, the psql command
\dL lists the installed languages.
To create functions in a procedural language, a user must have the
USAGE privilege for the language. By default,
USAGE is granted to
PUBLIC (i.e., everyone) for trusted languages. This can be revoked if desired.
Procedural languages are local to individual databases. However, a language can be installed into the
template1 database, which will cause it to be available automatically in all subsequently-created databases.
The call handler function, the inline handler function (if any), and the validator function (if any) must already exist if the server does not have an entry for the language in
pg_pltemplate. But when there is an entry, the functions need not already exist; they will be automatically defined if not present in the database. (This might result in
CREATE LANGUAGE failing, if the shared library that implements the language is not available in the installation.)
In PostgreSQL versions before 7.3, it was necessary to declare handler functions as returning the placeholder type
opaque, rather than
language_handler. To support loading of old dump files,
CREATE LANGUAGE will accept a function declared as returning
opaque, but it will issue a notice and change the function's declared return type to
The preferred way of creating any of the standard procedural languages is just:
CREATE LANGUAGE plperl;
For a language not known in the
pg_pltemplate catalog, a sequence such as this is needed:
CREATE FUNCTION plsample_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler AS '$libdir/plsample' LANGUAGE C; CREATE LANGUAGE plsample HANDLER plsample_call_handler;
CREATE LANGUAGE is a PostgreSQL extension.
If you see anything in the documentation that is not correct, does not match your experience with the particular feature or requires further clarification, please use this form to report a documentation issue.


text:
|Angel Face
|Geranium "Rozanne"
|Lady Hillingdon
|Étoile de Lyon
|Rosette Delizy
|Just Joey
|Anemone "Honorine Jobert"
|Anemone "Pretty Lady Susan"
|A Fuji apple
|Lyda Rose
|Dame Edith Helen
|Classic Woman
My garden is very messy right now after a long growing season. As I look out on this wild tangle it is hard to imagine the orderly nakedness of winter. But I am beginning to look forward to it.
|Mme. Berkeley


text:
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The national balance sheet provides estimates of the value of Australia's produced, non-produced and financial assets, its liabilities to the rest of the world, and the net worth (defined as the difference between total assets and liabilities, including the value of equity in Australian enterprises owned by non-residents) of the total economy. The major national and sectoral balance sheet tables are published in Australian System of National Accounts (5204.0). Balance sheets are provided for each of the four domestic sectors: non-financial corporations, financial corporations, general government and households (including unincorporated enterprises and non-profit institutions serving households).
Total produced assets at 30 June 2001 are estimated at $1,861.6b, an increase of 5.3% from the level at end of June 2000 (see table 29.24). The estimated value of produced assets rose at an average annual rate of 4.5% between 30 June 1992 and 30 June 2001, and consistently accounted for over 70% of net worth. Dwellings, other buildings and structures, and machinery and equipment, represent about 90% of total produced assets. While computer software has consistently accounted for only about 1% of total produced assets over the period, the series has exhibited by far the strongest growth of produced assets, with an average annual growth over the last nine years of 11.1%.
Real/volume balance sheet estimates
Table 29.25 presents real/volume balance sheet data for Australia. The data show that Australia's real net worth (total assets less total liabilities to the rest of the world) grew by 20.9% between 30 June 1992 and 30 June 2001, compared with an increase of 61.7% in current prices. This represents a real average annual growth rate of 2.1%.
Total assets, in real terms, grew by 35.2% during this period, driven mainly by increased volumes of dwellings (33.8%), machinery and equipment (29.0%), subsoil assets (44.4%), and real total financial assets with the rest of the world (200%). Real financial liabilities to the rest of the world increased by about 114.8% between 30 June 1992 and 30 June 2001.


text:
"Pain plus reflection equals progress." — Ray Dalio
Ray Dalio (@raydalio) grew up a middle-class kid from Long Island. He started his investment company Bridgewater Associates out of a two-bedroom apartment at age 26, and it now has roughly $160 billion in assets under management. Over 42 years, he has built Bridgewater into what Fortune considers the fifth most important private company in the U.S.
Along the way, Dalio became one the 100 most influential people in the world (according to Time) and one of the 100 wealthiest people in the world (according to Forbes). Because of his unique investment principles that have changed industries, CIO Magazine dubbed him "the Steve Jobs of investing."
Ray believes his success is the result of principles he's learned, codified, and applied to his life and business. Those principles are detailed in his new book Principles: Life and Work.
In this interview, we cover a lot, including:
- How Ray thinks about investment decisions, how he thinks about correlation, etc.
- The three books he would give to every graduating high school or college senior
- How he might assess cryptocurrency
- And much, much more…
- Listen to it on iTunes.
- Stream by clicking here.
- Download as an MP3 by right-clicking here and choosing "save as."
Want to hear a podcast featuring another great investor? — Listen to this conversation with Naval Ravikant. In this episode, we discuss the habits and behaviors of both highly successful and happy people (stream below or right-click here to download):
This podcast is brought to you by Four Sigmatic. I reached out to these Finnish entrepreneurs after a very talented acrobat introduced me to one of their products, which blew my mind (in the best way possible). It is mushroom coffee featuring chaga. It tastes like coffee, but there are only 40 milligrams of caffeine, so it has less than half of what you would find in a regular cup of coffee. I do not get any jitters, acid reflux, or any type of stomach burn. It put me on fire for an entire day, and I only had half of the packet.
People are always asking me what I use for cognitive enhancement right now — this is the answer. You can try it right now by going to foursigmatic.com/tim and using the code Tim to get 20 percent off your first order. If you are in the experimental mindset, I do not think you'll be disappointed.
This podcast is also brought to you by Athletic Greens. I get asked all the time, "If you could only use one supplement, what would it be?" My answer is, inevitably, Athletic Greens. It is my all-in-one nutritional insurance. I recommended it in The 4-Hour Body and did not get paid to do so. As a listener of The Tim Ferriss Show, you'll get 30 percent off your first order at AthleticGreens.com/Tim.
QUESTION(S) OF THE DAY: What was your favorite quote or lesson from this episode? Please let me know in the comments.
Scroll below for links and show notes…
Selected Links from the Episode
- Principles: Life and Work by Ray Dalio
- Connect with Ray Dalio:
Bridgewater Associates | Principles.com | Twitter | Facebook
- Einstein's Mistakes: The Human Failings of Genius by Hans C. Ohanian
- Us v Them: The Birth of Populism by John B Judis, The Guardian
- Schism Atop Bridgewater, the World's Largest Hedge Fund: Bridgewater Associates Founder Ray Dalio and Presumed Heir Apparent Greg Jensen Called for Votes on Each Other's Conduct; Using the 'Pain Button' by Rob Copeland and Bradley Hope, The Wall Street Journal
- Employees at the World's Largest Hedge Fund Use an App to Rate Each Other on Over 100 Traits — Here's How It Works by Richard Feloni, Business Insider
- Ray's TED Talk: How to Build a Company Where the Best Ideas Win
- My most recent TED Talk: Why You Should Define Your Fears Instead of Your Goals
- Paul Dalio on Being Proud to Be Bipolar, Charlie Rose
- Touched with Fire
- Could It Be Bipolar? 14 Signs to Look For by Timothy J. Legg and Kathryn Watson, Healthline
- Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari
- The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds by Michael Lewis
- The Upside of Inequality: How Good Intentions Undermine the Middle Class by Edward Conard
- The Serengeti Rules: The Quest to Discover How Life Works and Why It Matters by Sean B. Carroll
- From Bacteria to Bach and Back: The Evolution of Minds by Daniel C. Dennett
- A Magic Web: The Forest of Barro Colorado Island by Christian Ziegler and Egbert G. Leigh
- The Hero with a Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell
- The Lessons of History by Will Durant and Ariel Durant
- River Out of Eden: A Darwinian View of Life by Richard Dawkins
- Ray's famous video: How the Economic Machine Works (in 30 Minutes)
- The Quiet Master of Cryptocurrency — Nick Szabo
- Unshakeable: Your Financial Freedom Playbook by Tony Robbins
- More Money Than God: Hedge Funds and the Making of a New Elite by Sebastian Mallaby
Show Notes
- Ray describes his middle class childhood in Long Island and what got him hooked on investing at the tender age of 12. [06:33]
- What Ray learned about business as "a professional mistake-maker." [08:29]
- "Pain plus reflection equals progress." [12:01]
- Many mistakes are avoidable if we remember to look outside of the events of our own lifetimes and experiences. [14:39]
- What Ray has learned about patterns from examining history — on a grand scale and in everyday life. [16:42]
- How evidence-based meritocracy works at the radically truthful, radically transparent environment at Bridgewater. [20:07]
- Ray talks about the function of his company's "pain button" app. [23:21]
- On the "invaluable" benefits of Transcendental Meditation (which Ray has been practicing since 1969). [25:59]
- Ray gives us the specifics behind his daily TM routine (and what he does when he's not in his usual surroundings). [29:54]
- Other tools developed at Bridgewater that promote the company's culture of truth and transparency. [33:29]
- Ray explains the three things that go into nurturing an "idea meritocracy" in a company culture — and its benefits. [36:33]
- The "Two-Minute Rule" and other protocols for preventing disagreement from boiling over into emotionally charged fighting. [40:35]
- Why does Ray remember early failures more vividly than early successes — and what does this tell him about both? [43:14]
- What helped Bridgewater win out over some of its more established competition? [46:59]
- The three ingredients of a successful life. [47:12]
- What makes intelligent people unhappy? [48:22]
- Our personal experiences with clinical depression. [49:41]
- Four protocols Ray's son Paul follows for dealing with bipolar disorder. [53:24]
- What I've recently learned about observing a consistent, earlier bedtime. [56:03]
- Why it's important to work toward removing the stigma of mental illness. [56:57]
- Ray talks about some of his own positive influences and role models growing up. [1:00:24]
- What is Ray's reading process? [1:02:18]
- Books in Ray's current reading list. [1:04:31]
- How does Ray choose what to read? [1:08:00]
- The three books Ray would give to every graduating high school or college senior. [1:09:49]
- The best investors I've met almost all have a fascination with evolution. Why is that? [1:11:50]
- Good ways to explore or investigate someone else's reasoning behind their conclusions. [1:14:42]
- Ray clarifies one of his most misunderstood maxims: "Don't pick your battles; fight them all." [1:16:32]
- What Ray considers the overarching challenge we all face, and how our challenges adapt over time. [1:17:50]
- How does Ray define and think about risk? [1:22:54]
- A deep dive into data sets and the layers on uncorrelated bets. [1:29:43]
- Learning the basics: Ray explains economics as "a pretty simple machine" in his famous 30-minute video. [1:37:40]
- How would Ray begin to assess if a new investment opportunity — such as cryptocurrency — is worthwhile? [1:38:38]
- Assessing the motivations of buyers and sellers. [1:42:05]
- How should the decreasing value of a favored asset class change an investor's behavior? [1:45:00]
- How is Ray's diversification approach unique? [1:48:00]
- What advice would Ray have for someone who has the majority of their concentrated portfolio in a particular asset? [1:48:47]
- What would Ray's self-talk be like if he found himself stuck in a difficult investment position? [1:51:38]
- Has stress ever caused Ray to liquidate all positions and start over? [1:53:17]
- Psychology is a big deal in the markets. Here's how Ray uses technology to remove a lot of his own emotional stress from the equation. [1:54:46]
- Wrapping up: making transitions and sharing principles. [1:57:40]
People Mentioned
- Steve Jobs
- Bill Gates
- Albert Einstein
- Richard Nixon
- George Soros
- Karl Popper
- Rick Rubin
- Chase Jarvis
- Paul Dalio
- Saint Christopher
- Abraham Lincoln
- Winston Churchill
- Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
- Joseph Campbell
- Will Durant
- Ariel Durant
- Richard Dawkins
- Sigmund Freud
- Tony Robbins
- David F. Swenson
The Tim Ferriss Show is one of the most popular podcasts in the world with more than 900 million downloads. It has been selected for "Best of Apple Podcasts" three times, it is often the #1 interview podcast across all of Apple Podcasts, and it's been ranked #1 out of 400,000+ podcasts on many occasions. To listen to any of the past episodes for free, check out this page.


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Wendy Davis' Last Hurrah?
Fort Worth senator filibusters key bill; special session likely
If this was her last stand in the Texas Senate, Wendy Davis made it one to remember.
Davis, the Fort Worth Democrat, put on a memorable filibuster late Sunday night. She not only talked to death a key school finance and revenue bill, but in the process blew up the final night of the 82nd legislative session. Thanks to Davis, the Legislature likely will reconvene for a special session in the very near future to debate and pass a school finance plan.
The bill in question, Senate Bill 1811, provides needed financing to balance the budget. Lawmakers also pegged on to the bill a controversial school-finance reform. The changes to how the state distributes money to schools was needed to accommodate the $4 billion cut to public education contained in the budget. As Davis noted several times in her 77-minute filibuster, this is the first time in anyone's memory that the Legislature has slashed funding for public education to such a degree.
Many Democrats despised those education cuts. There was little Democrats could do about it when the budget bill passed both the House and Senate on Saturday. But the one bill they could kill was SB 1811. The negotiations between House and Senate leaders on the school finance plan had dragged into Saturday. That meant neither chamber could hear the bill until late Sunday night, leaving it vulnerable to a filibuster that would stretch beyond the midnight deadline to pass legislation.
It was a night few Capitol watchers will forget, a night when the best-laid plans of the governor and the legislative leadership were obliterated by a first-term Democrat who may not return next session.
The conventional political wisdom is that Davis can't win reelection. When Republicans redrew the Senate district lines this session, they did Davis no favors. The new map will likely be the subject of a court battle. But if the proposed lines are upheld, Davis will find herself in a Republican district.
So on Sunday night, she had little to lose. Rumors of a filibuster were already swirling when the House passed SB 1811 just after 9 p.m. (House Democrats tried to kill the bill too. They hurled a half-dozen points of order at it, but all were overruled.)
Davis was the last chance. When she rose to speak, everyone knew why. "I think I know why, but Sen. Davis, for what purpose do you rise?" asked Lt. Gov. David Dewhurst.
"To speak against the bill," she said. And with that, the filibuster was on, and the course of the session drastically changed.
There is a slim chance the Senate could pass SB 1811 on Monday and avoid a special session. Lawmakers aren't supposed to debate substantive bills on the session's final day. But a 25-vote super-majority could suspend the rules and pass the bill. That would presumably require support from 19 Republicans and six Democrats. It wasn't clear late Sunday if Senate leaders could muster the 25 votes needed. "I have no idea," Dewhurst said when asked.
He was more concerned with criticizing Davis—calling the filibuster the act of a single senator that "puts the budget in crisis," he said.
Well, maybe. There was talk late Sunday that the comptroller could still certify that the budget balances, even without the billions in financing contained in SB 1811. If so, the Legislature could avoid opening the budget back up in a special session, and simply deal with school finance and other fiscal matters in the now-dead (or mostly dead) SB 1811.
For her part, Davis defended her actions when she met with reporters after the Senate adjourned. "The budget bills—HB 1 and all the smoke-and-mirror pieces of legislation that are needed to prop it up—fails to address the priorities that Texas families have," she said. "I did my part, the small part I could play, in stopping a failed public policy."
A special session may produce the very same school finance bill, and Democrats will have gained nothing but extra days or weeks in Austin. But they're hoping that more time for debate and public scrutiny will lead to more money for public schools. As many Democrats have noted, the Legislature is proposing $4 billion cut to schools while the state maintains $6 billion left untapped in the Rainy Day Fund.
But there are risks. A special session on school finance offers Gov. Rick Perry the opportunity to bring back other controversial issues—primarily the anti-immigration bill that bans so-called sanctuary cities. Senate Democrats managed to kill the bill in the regular session. But without the protection of the Senate's two-thirds rule in a special session, Democrats would have little chance to block a sanctuary cities bill again.
Asked about that possibility, Davis said "The governor could bring us back on any of those issues any time he chose. And I don't think our voices on the failure to adequately fund public education and our objection to it should be silenced because we fear that other issues might be called."
But she admitted that some of these risks had crossed her mind before the filibuster. "Some of the questions you all have asked, I asked myself," Davis said. "This is the tool that we had to make a stand. And it's the tool that I used, and I'm proud to have used it on behalf of the people I represent."


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Drop-In Resume & Career Help (Eastern Parkway Branch)
Get free one-on-one assistance with resumes, cover letters, career advice, and more with help from a Job Information Resource Librarian. Our staff offer guidance on resumes and cover letters but do not write or type these documents for patrons. Assistance is first come, first served. Please call the branch to confirm the times above, as they are subject to occasional changes.


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Pictured: Mayor Dutch Morial poses with a gondola car in April 1985, the last month the MART was in service. After the gondola was dismantled, the gondola cars were left on private property for years until the property owner started selling them individually in 1992, marketed as potential "greenhouses, playhouses, swings, Mardi Gras floats and deer stands." Photo by Harold Baquet, provided courtesy of the New Orleans Public Library.
While it was the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition that made a gondola across the Mississippi River a reality, the idea had long been brewing in the mind of Blaine Kern, who dreamed of an aerial transportation system connecting the East and West banks. Partnering with architect (and president of the Expo) August Perez III, they formed Mississippi Aerial River Transport (MART).
The plan was to build the gondola system in time for the Expo and feature it as a top attraction, and then use it as a permanent transit system for cross-river commuters. With financing, permits and city approval secured, the MART was made a reality.
The MART was a 2,200-foot cable trip across the Mississippi River, 350 feet in the air. The 55 mostly "plexi-cabins" could six people each for the four-minute ride between Algiers and the Expo.
While publicity about MART spoke glowingly of the smooth and easy ride, there were mechanical problems that left people stranded and riders commented on the unsettling feeling on windy days. However, the stellar views of the river and the city kept people riding.
The gondola did indeed prove to be one of the most popular amusements of the Expo, attracting a total 1.7 million riders. Unfortunately, that was only a bit more than half of what was predicted, and the financial hit was severe.
While plans were to keep the MART in place after the Expo as an alternative commuter system, it again didn't get the hoped-for ridership and lost money rapidly. It shut down in April 1985, and despite various plans to reopen, it never did. The loan defaulted, and in '89 the gondola was sold at auction.
The new owner tried to find buyers for the system but never could. The MART was dismantled, but the towers remained standing until January of 1994, when the New Orleans Dock Board, citing the structures as hazardous to river navigation, had them demolished. n
Note: This is Part 2 of a yearlong focus on the 1984 Louisiana World's Fair.


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- Format:Paperback
- Subject(s):Latin
- Author(s): Cambridge School Classics Project
- Available from: May 2007
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Crowdfunding is growing faster than venture capital with an estimated spending of $ 34 billion by 2015.
How do you choose among the 2,000 crowdfunding platforms available around the world? We share 5 tips to choose the best crowdfunding platform.
Crowdfunding is a way of raising money for a project through a large number of people. This changes the traditional funding model by letting you connect with new supporters online.
Certain choices may be better for you. It depends on whether you help the cause you support, the entrepreneur who funded the business or started the business, or the musician raises money for the recording costs.
You should involve your private network no matter what method you use. But investors on certain sites are looking for some kind of project.
Usually, the site focuses on charitable giving, creative projects, or business ventures. Access to the new investor can definitely increase the value of your campaign.
Here are 5 things to look for when choosing crowdfunding platform:
Easy to use
If you are an individual raising money for your half marathon to support charitable activities, you should contact your private network. That means, friends, family, and others who support grassroots or certain causes.
You are looking for a platform that is easy to set up, easy for others to contribute money, and it can track many projects.
Crowdrise categorizes charity projects with civil rights and social action, education, poverty, religion, and spirituality, and so on. This helps donors who are interested in your goals for finding projects and contributing.
Cost Structure
The Crowdfunding platform may charge you an administrative fee to connect you and your donor or investor.
The crowdfunding platform you choose should have the appropriate cost structure for you and your project.
When people give money, either to friends or cause, they usually like to be stored in circles. In addition to costs, you may need to share quarterly or monthly updates with investors.
Check the details of the agreement carefully.
Pool investors
If you fund a start-up or business venture, you'll want to choose a suitable crowdfunding platform for your industry. Sites will not only connect you with great investors, but you may be able to build partnerships with strategic investors.
Whether you are raising money for business or charity, see what companies and non-profit organizations connect to this site. You definitely want to find a platform that has connections to companies and established charities.
For start-up technology, access to feedback from registered investors may be important.
Choose crowdfunding platform with security protection for financial transactions.
But if this is a business venture, you definitely want a more legal and financial option. You may need escrow services, investor persistence, and feedback.
The best crowdfunding platform will address the specific needs of your project or campaign. Have you ever used a crowdfunding platform to raise money for a business or a cause? Please share tips in the comments?
Have you used crowdfunding to raise money for a business or a cause? Please share tips in the comments?


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John Adams
|John Adams
|2nd President of the United States
From: March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801
|Vice President
|Thomas Jefferson
|George Washington
|Thomas Jefferson
|1st Vice President of the United States
From: April 21, 1789 – March 4, 1797
|George Washington
|Thomas Jefferson
|Former United States Ambassador to the Netherlands
From: April 19, 1782 – March 30, 1788
|Charles Dumas
|Abigail Smith Adams
John Adams (October 30, 1735 - July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father, diplomat, and the second President of the United States from 1797–1801. Adams was a prominent figure of the American Revolution. His numerous accomplishments include involvement in the drafting of the Declaration of Independence, writing the constitution for the state of Massachusetts, serving as a diplomat to England, France, and the Netherlands, negotiating the Treaty of Paris, and serving as the first Vice President of the United States under President George Washington. Adams changed the spelling of Jefferson's elegant "inalienable" rights to a disfavored "unalienable" rights, leaving that clumsy spelling in the most famous sentence in the English language.[1]
Adams was a big supporter of law and order, to the point of even defending the British soldiers who shot protesters at the Boston Massacre. Adams signed legislation against aliens and critics of himself known as the Alien and Sedition Acts, which is considered one of the most unconstitutional bills ever enacted.
In the presidential election of 1796, Adams, on the ticket of the Federalist Party, defeated the Democratic-Republican nominee Thomas Jefferson and became the second President of the United States. He broke with Hamilton and the High Federalists, leaving him in a weak position as president. Adams lost to Jefferson by a wide margin of 61-39% in a bitter rematch in 1800 (the Electoral College vote was a closer 73-65), and Adams was a sore loser for a long time.
Adams' presidency was marked by the Quasi-War between the United States and France, the XYZ Affair, the founding of the U.S. Navy, the passage of Alien and Sedition Acts, building a new national army, and an unexpected peace with France; as he left office he appointed numerous judges, most notably John Marshall as Chief Justice.
Adams founded one of the great families in American history, with numerous politicians, diplomats and historians. Adams reputation was long in the doldrums, since Franklin quipped in 1783: "He means well for his Country, and is always an honest Man, often a Wise One, but sometimes and in some things, absolutely out of his senses." Historians much admire his independence, patriotism and realism, but his self-righteousness and vanity represented a critical weakness.
Early life and political career
John Adams was born on October 30, 1735, in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts. His father was also named John, his mother was Susanna Adams and one of his sons was John Quincy Adams, a later president in his own right.
Adams attended Harvard and, after a stint as a schoolmaster in Worchester, Massachusetts, took up the practice of law in Boston. In 1765, Adams wrote tracts such as the Braintree Instructions, which argued against the British Stamp Act. His cousin, Samuel Adams, attracted far more notice during the Stamp Act crisis, leading demonstrations and using far more colorful language (there would later be some confusion regarding John and Samuel. When John was sent to France by the Continental Congress on a diplomatic mission, the French initially thought he was the "famous Adams," that is, Samuel Adams).
In the wake of the Boston Massacre in 1770, Boston's leaders prevailed on Adams to represent the British troops. He did so, arguing that all Englishmen deserved a vigorous defense. He pleaded self-defense, and won the case. He argued that Boston would be better served if many guilty persons escaped unpunished than if one innocent one suffered. It was, he maintained, of more importance to the community "that innocence should be protected, than...that guilt should be punished."
In 1774, after the crisis brought on by the Boston Tea Party and the resulting Coercive Acts, Adams became an advocate for American independence. Adams was one of Massachusetts's representatives to the Continental Congress. He attracted the notice of other delegates at the Second Continental Congress as one of the first to argue for independence.
Declaring Independence
Adams served a Massachusetts delegate in both the First and the Second Continental Congresses. He was a leading advocate of declaring independence and in June 1776 was assigned, along with Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin, to draft a Declaration of Independence. Adams realized that Jefferson was a much more gifted writer and recognized the importance that the document should be composed mostly by a Virginian. However, Adams did have some input, looking over drafts of the document. While Jefferson worked on the Declaration, Adams worked on the Model Treaty.
Jefferson later remarked that Adams was the Declaration of Independence's "pillar of support on the floor of Congress, its ablest advocate and defender." Though Adams in principle opposed the practice of slavery, he remained silent when Jefferson was pressured to strike out a provision in the Declaration that condemned slavery. Indeed, he never took a major role in opposing slavery, unlike most Federalists.
After Independence was declared, Adams served as the head of the Board of War and Ordinance.
Adams served the Continental Congress as a diplomat, remaining abroad for a decade, from 1778 to 1788. Originally posted to France, he served in Paris with Benjamin Franklin. Franklin felt that Adams' blunt style and lack of understanding of European diplomatic process harmed the American effort. After France, Adams was posted to the Netherlands, where he secured a large war loan to help the patriot cause. Adams chaired the American delegation that drew up the Treaty of Paris in 1783, which formally ended the American Revolution.
Vice President (1789-1797)
In the first Presidential election under the new Constitution, Adams was recalled from being ambassador to Great Britain to serve as Washington's Vice-President. The role of Vice President was not an easy one for Adams; he told Abigail, "My country has in its wisdom contrived for me the most insignificant office that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived". His only job was to serve as presiding officer ("president") of the Senate, in which his only duty was to cast tie-breaking votes. Even in this role, he was far out of place; he was so flustered at the Senate's first meeting that he asked their advice about whether he should sit or stand on Washington's entrance. (This was later seized upon by Democratic-Republicans eager to cast Adams as an aristocrat.) His relationship with President Washington was friendly, but Washington rarely asked him for his counsel. All of this was frustrating to Adams, who was a man of action and not shy about letting his opinions be known. Adams cast 29 tie-breaking votes, a record that still stands today.
Presidency (1797-1801)
Washington's decision to retire from public life set the stage for the first partisan presidential election. Alexander Hamilton was the dominant leader of the Federalists. However he made many political enemies during his tenure as Secretary of the Treasury. The Federalists decided to run Adams as their presidential candidate and Thomas Pinckney for the office of vice-president. The Republicans of course favored Jefferson for president; they ran Aaron Burr of New York as vice-President. Adams won the mildly contested election of 1796, garnering 71 electoral votes to Jefferson's 68, and became president in his own right. Since electors did not indicate which office they were voting for, by coming in second to Adams, Jefferson became his vice-president. Their friendship had ended and they now struggled for control of the national agenda.
Adam's faced the challenge of having to succeed George Washington. He retained all of Washington's original cabinet members. Although some historians consider it a mistake, he believed that government officials should not be removed except for cause. Adams spent much of his term in Massachusetts, ignoring the details of patronage and communication that are essential to build a political base.
Foreign Affairs
Adams continued the Washington's policy of neutrality in the ongoing war between Britain and France, selling supplies to both sides. Federalists were pushing for a war against France and closer ties to Britain. Adams wanted peace, but was caught up in the storm of events.
The French were openly seizing American ships, leading to an undeclared war known as the Quasi-War of 1798–99. Adams sent diplomats to meet with the French Directory, only to be refused an audience and commercial relations were suspended. In 1798, the French demanded American diplomats pay huge bribes in order to see the French Foreign Minister Talleyrand, which the diplomats rejected. The Jeffersonian Republicans, suspicious of Adams, demanded the documentation, which Adams released using X, Y and Z as codes for the names of the French diplomats. A wave of nationalist sentiment overwhelmed the U.S. Congress approved Adams' plan to organize the navy. Adams reluctantly signed the Alien and Sedition Act as a wartime measure.
The Federalists made major gains in the 1798 election, and Congress passed a law for a much-enlarged army. Nominally it was under the control of Washington; in reality Hamilton controlled the new army, and Adams was left a byestander.
In 1799, Adams moved to end the war with France. This angered hardline Federalists such as Alexander Hamilton, leading to an intraparty battle. Hamilton attacked Adams for his "ungovernable indiscretion" and "distempered jealousy". This, plus the unpopularity of the new taxes and perhaps also the Aliens and Sedition acts, weakened Adams.
Running for reelection
Jefferson spent much of his time as vice-president attacking Adams, even hiring journalists to write scurrilous editorials about the president. Federalists fought back by passing the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Alien Act was designed to prevent immigrants, who supported Jefferson, from gaining citizenship, and the right to vote; the Sedition Act was designed to stifle critics of Adams. However, the attempts backfired; when Congressman Matthew Lyons was prosecuted under the Sedition Act, he and the Republicans became national heroes. In the election of 1800, Jefferson overwhelmingly beat Adams.
While a lame duck president, Adams tried to stack the courts with Federalist judges so that his party could maintain some control of the government. One such appointment led to the landmark Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison.
The Adamses were the first residents of the White House. They moved there in the month of November, 1800. At the White House, President John Adams was said to be the first to display fireworks there.
After Jefferson left office in 1809 he and Adams resumed their cordial friendship, and exchanged a series of highly insightful letters.
He died July 4, 1826 at the age of 90 in Quincy, Massachusetts only a few hours after the death of Jefferson. The day marked the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Only one signatory of the Declaration (Charles Carroll of Carrollton) outlived him.[2]
In an October 2000 survey of 132 prominent professors of history, law, and political science, President John Adams was grouped in the "Above Average" group, ranked 13th, with a mean score of 3.36 out of 5.00.[3]It was John Adams whose quote has been inscribed upon the mantle in the White House dining room:
"I Pray Heaven to Bestow the Best Blessings on this house and on all that shall hereafter inhabit it. Let none but honest and wise men ever rule under this roof." [4]
Adams views of Islam have become a more noted topic of debate since 9/11, considering his view of Mohammed as a "military fanatic" along the lines of Napoleon. Adams believed that Mahomet was a usurper, lawless, and arrogated everything to himself by the force of arms.[5][6] John Adams, like Thomas Jefferson, owned a copy of the Koran. Adams' Koran still exists,[7] and is part of the John Adams collection at the Boston Public Library.[8]
Notable Quotes
- "We have no government armed with power capable of contending with human passions unbridled by morality and religion. Avarice, ambition, revenge or gallantry would break the strongest cords of our Constitution as a whale goes through a net. Our Constitution is designed only for a moral and religious people. It is wholly inadequate for any other."[9]
- "Those who trade liberty for security have neither."[10]
- John Adams also said another time "Ask me not whether I am Protestant, Calvinistic or Arminian, as far as they are Christians, I wish to be a fellow disciple with them all." [11]
- "Facts are stubborn things; and whatever may be our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passion, they cannot alter the state of facts and evidence."[12]
- "Great is the guilt of an unnecessary war." [13]
- "Property must be secured, or liberty cannot exist." - Discourses on Davila
- "Will Mr. Taylor profess himself a downright leveller? Will he vote for a community of property? or an equal division of property? and a community of wives and women? He must introduce and establish both, before he can reduce all men to an equality of influence. It is, indeed, questionable, whether such laws would not produce greater inequalities than ever were seen in the world. These are not new projects, Mr. Taylor. They are not original inventions, or discoveries of philosophers of the eighteenth century." - John Adams to John Taylor, April 15, 1814[14]
- "Power always thinks... that it is doing God's service when it is violating all his laws."
- "Remember, democracy never lasts long. It soon wastes, exhausts, and murders itself. There never was a democracy yet that did not commit suicide. "
- "The only maxim of a free government ought to be to trust no man living with power to endanger the public liberty" [15]
- "There are two ways to conquer and enslave a nation. One is by the sword. The other is by debt." -1826
- "You have rights antecedent to all earthly governments; rights that cannot be repealed or restrained by human laws; rights derived from the Great Legislator of the Universe."
- "Napoleon is a military fanatic like Achilles, Alexander, Caesar, Mahomet, Zengis, Kouli, Charles XII. The maxim and principle of all of them was the same.
"Jura negat sibi nata, nihil non arrogat armis."[16][17][18] ("He denies that laws were made for him; he arrogates everything to himself by force of arms")[19]
- "Although I have never sought popularity by any animated speeches or inflammatory publications against the slavery of the blacks, my opinion against it has always been known, and my practice has been so conformable to my sentiments that I have always employed freemen, both as domestics and laborers, and never in my life did I own a slave. The abolition of slavery must be gradual, and accomplished with much caution and circumspection. Violent means and measures would produce greater violations of justice and humanity than the continuance of the practice."[20]
- "If we fear God and repent of our sins" - Conversation with Benjamin Rush about the conflict with Great Britain.
- "The general principles on which the fathers achieved independence were. . . . the general principles of Christianity."[21]
See also
- Diggins, John Patrick. John Adams: The American Presidents Series(2003) excerpt and text search
- Ellis, Joseph J. Passionate Sage: The Character and Legacy of John Adams (2001) excerpt and text search
- Ferling, John. John Adams: A Life (1996) excerpt and text search
- Paul Finkelman, Paul, ed. Encyclopedia of the New American Nation, 1754–1829 (2005), 1600 pp.
- Larson, Edward J. A Magnificent Catastrophe: The Tumultuous Election of 1800, America's First Presidential Campaign. (2007). 333 pp. on 1800 online review
- McCullough, David. John Adams (2001), 768pp; popular best seller and base of the 2008 TV miniseries excerpt and text search
- Aldridge, A. Owen. "John Adams: Pioneer American Conservative," Modern Age Volume 44, Number 3; Summer 2002 online edition
- Brown, Ralph A. The Presidency of John Adams. (1988). Political narrative.
- Chinard, Gilbert. Honest John Adams. (1933). short life
- Diggins, John Patrick. John Adams (2003) short interpretation by leading scholar excerpt and text search
- Elkins, Stanley M. and Eric McKitrick, The Age of Federalism. (1993), most advanced political history of 1790s online edition
- Ellis, Joseph J. Passionate Sage: The Character and Legacy of John Adams (1993), interpretative essay by Pulitzer prize winning scholar. online edition
- Ferling, John. Adams vs. Jefferson: The Tumultuous Election of 1800. (2004), narrative history of the election online edition
- Ferling, John. John Adams: A Life. (1992), full scale biography
- Grant, James. John Adams: Party of One.(2005), short biography
- Haraszti, Zoltan. John Adams and the Prophets of Progress. (1952). Adams's political comments on numerous authors
- Kirk, Russell. "John Adams and Liberty under the Law" ch 3 of Kirk, The Conservative Mind: From Burke to Santayana (1953) online edition
- Knollenberg, Bernard. Growth of the American Revolution: 1766-1775,(2003). Online edition.
- Kurtz, Stephen G. The Presidency of John Adams: The Collapse of Federalism, 1795-1800 (1957). Detailed political narrative. online edition
- McCullough, David. John Adams. (2002). Best-selling popular biography, stressing Adams's character and his marriage with Abigail over his ideas and constitutional thoughts. Winner of the 2002 Pulitzer Prize in Biography. excerpt and text search
- Miller, John C. The Federalist Era: 1789-1801. (1960). Thorough survey of politics in decade.
- Ryerson, Richard Alan, ed. John Adams and the Founding of the Republic (2001). Essays by scholars: "John Adams and the Massachusetts Provincial Elite," by William Pencak; "Before Fame: Young John Adams and Thomas Jefferson," by John Ferling; "John Adams and the 'Bolder Plan,'" by Gregg L. Lint; "In the Shadow of Washington: John Adams as Vice President," by Jack D. Warren; "The Presidential Election of 1796," by Joanne B. Freeman; "The Disenchantment of a Radical Whig: John Adams Reckons with Free Speech," by Richard D. Brown; "'Splendid Misery': Abigail Adams as First Lady," by Edith B. Gelles; "John Adams and the Science of Politics," by C. Bradley Thompson; and "Presidents as Historians: John Adams and Thomas Jefferson," by Herbert Sloan.
- Scherr, Arthur. "James Monroe and John Adams: An Unlikely 'Friendship'". The Historian 67#3 (2005) pp 405+. online edition
- Sharp, James. American Politics in the Early Republic: The New Nation in Crisis. (1995), detailed political narrative of 1790s.
- Smith, Page. John Adams. (1962) 2 volume; full-scale biography, winner of the Bancroft Prize
- Thompson, C. Bradley. John Adams and the Spirit of Liberty. (1998). Analysis of Adams's political thought; insists Adams was the greatest political thinker among the Founding Generation and anticipated many of the ideas in The Federalist.
- White, Leonard D. The Federalists: A Study in Administrative History (1956), thorough analysis of the mechanics of government in 1790s
- White, Morton. "Rights, Powers, and John Adams" in White, The Philosophy of the American Revolution (1978) pp 186+ online edition
- Wood, Gordon S. Revolutionary Characters: What Made the Founders Different'' (2006)
Primary sources
- Adams, Charles F. The Works of John Adams, with Life (10 vols., Boston, 1850-1856) online edition vol 1; online edition vol 2;
- Adams, Abigail, Adams, John, Shuffelton, Frank. The Letters of John and Abigail Adams. ISBN 0142437115
- Butterfield, L. H. et al., eds., The Adams Papers (1961- ). Multivolume letterpress edition of all letters to and from major members of the Adams family, plus their diaries; still incomplete [1].
- Cappon, Lester J. ed. The Adams-Jefferson Letters: The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and Abigail and John Adams (1988).
- Carey, George W. ed. The Political Writings of John Adams. (2000). 748 pp. ISBN 9780895262929 Compilation of extracts from Adams's major political writings.
- Diggins, John P., ed. The Portable John Adams. (2004)
- John A. Schutz and Douglass Adair, eds. Spur of Fame, The Dialogues of John Adams and Benjamin Rush, 1805–1813 (1966) ISBN 978-0-86597-287-2
- C. Bradley Thompson, ed. Revolutionary Writings of John Adams, (2001) ISBN 978-0-86597-285-8
- John Adams, Novanglus; or, A History of the Dispute with America (1774) online version
- Abigail Adams and John Adams. My Dearest Friend: Letters of Abigail and John Adams edited by Joseph J. Ellis, and Margaret A. Hogan (2007)
- ↑ https://www.ushistory.org/declaration/document/unalienable.html
- ↑ http://www.adherents.com/people/pa/John_Adams.html
- ↑ Presidential Leadership: Rating the Best and the Worst in the White House (New York, Wall Street Journal Book, 2004)
- ↑ God and the Oval Office, by John C. McCollister, W Publishing Group, 2005.
- ↑ The Portable John Adams
- ↑ Ye Will Say I Am No Christian: The Thomas Jefferson/John Adams Correspondence on Religion, Morals, and Values
- ↑ The Koran : commonly called the Alcoran of Mahomet
- ↑ The John Adams Library at the BPL
- ↑ From John Adams to Massachusetts Militia, 11 October 1798
- ↑ https://www.azquotes.com/author/90-John_Adams
- ↑ God and the Oval Office by John C. McCollister, W Publishing Group, 2005.
- ↑ John Adams, Argument in Defense of the Soldiers in the Boston Massacre Trials, December 1770 The Quotations Page
- ↑ Quoted in Presidential Courage: Brave Leaders and How They Changed America, 1789-1989 by Michael Beschloss
- ↑ The Works of John Adams, vol. 6
- ↑ John Adams - Page 70
- ↑ The Adams-Jefferson Letters: The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and Abigail and John Adams
- ↑ Horace: Satires, Epistles, and Ars Poetica
- ↑ The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, Volume 7: 28 November 1813 to 30 September 1814
- ↑ The latin phrase "Jura negat sibi nata, nihil non arrogat armis." comes from Horace Ars Poetica, and generally translates to "He denies that laws were made for him; he arrogates everything to himself by force of arms."
- ↑ The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: With a Life of the Author, Notes and Illustrations, Volume 9, To George Churchman and Jacob Lindley, January 24th, 1801
- ↑ John Adams, The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States, Charles Francis Adams, editor (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1856), Vol. X, pp. 45-46, to Thomas Jefferson on June 28, 1813.
External links
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- Founding Fathers
- People who were Educated at Home
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text:
|Lebanon Table of Contents
The National Pact (al Mithaq al Watani), an unwritten agreement, came into being in the summer of 1943 as the result of numerous meetings between Khuri (a Maronite), Lebanon's first president, and the first prime minister, Riyad as Sulh (also cited as Solh), a Sunni. At the heart of the negotiations was the Christians' fear of being overwhelmed by the Muslim communities in Lebanon and the surrounding Arab countries, and the Muslims' fear of Western hegemony. In return for the Christian promise not to seek foreign, i.e., French, protection and to accept Lebanon's "Arab face," the Muslim side agreed to recognize the independence and legitimacy of the Lebanese state in its 1920 boundaries and to renounce aspirations for union with Syria. The pact also reinforced the sectarian system of government begun under the French Mandate by formalizing the confessional distribution of high-level posts in the government based on the 1932 census' six-to-five ratio favoring Christians over Muslims. Although some historians dispute the point, the terms of the National Pact were believed to have been enunciated by the first cabinet in a statement to the legislature in October 1943.
As noted, the confessional system outlined in the National Pact was a matter of expediency, an interim measure to overcome philosophical divisions between Christian and Muslim leaders at independence. It was hoped that once the business of governance got under way, and as national spirit grew, the importance of confessionalism in the political structure would diminish. Over the years, the frequent political disputes--the most notable of which were manifested in the 1958 Civil War, the Palestinian controversy of the 1960s and 1970s, and the 1975 Civil War--bear stark testimony to the failure of the National Pact as a means toward societal integration.
Moreover, some observers claim that the National Pact merely perpetuated the power of the privileged. The pact, combined with the system of zuama clientelism, guaranteed the maintenance of the status quo and the continuation of privilege for the sectarian elites.
More about the Government of Lebanon.
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Source: U.S. Library of Congress


text:
(Not) all roads lead to Rome…
click here for larger, interactive version
In about 300 CE, Imperial cartographers created a road map of the Roman Empire; hundreds of years later, medieval artisans copied it, creating the Tabula Peutingeriana…
Now, René Voorburg and a team of like-minded enthusiasts have re-copied the Tabula. Using a set of techniques described here, they have mashed it up with Google Maps to create Omnes Viae: Tabula Peutingeriana— replete with Iter Vestrum ("Your Trip"), a handy route-planning tool…
As readers will see, while during the time of the Roman Republic, all roads did lead to Rome, imperial expansion– which began with the Empire in 44 BCE– rendered that kind of "hub and spoke" transit architecture impractical. The Tabula dates from relatively early in the Empire. Soon after, Constantine became Caesar and created Constantinople as an Eastern capital; in another 50 years, the Empire was divided… and the roads became even more decentralized. The Western Empire collapsed in 473, and the roads pictured in the section of the Tabula pictured above became past of a larger network of European roads. The Eastern Empire lasted until 1453, when it fell to the Ottoman Turks; and its roads became part of that burgeoning empire's network.
As we feel an inexplicable craving for polenta, we might wish a mysterious Happy Birthday to Agatha Christie; she was born on this date in 1890. Dame Agatha published 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections (featuring creations like Hercule Poirot and Miss Jane Marple), along with a number of successful plays. According to the Guinness Book of World Records, Christie is the best-selling novelist of all time– her novels have sold over four billion copies– and, with William Shakespeare, the best-selling author of any type. And according to Index Translationum, she is the most translated individual author (at least 103 languages), with only the collective corporate works of Walt Disney Productions surpassing her. Her play The Mousetrap opened at the Ambassadors Theatre in London on November 25, 1952 and is still running– at more than 24,000 performances, the longest-ever initial run of a stage play.
Written by (Roughly) Daily
September 15, 2011 at 1:01 am
Posted in Uncategorized
Tagged with Agatha Christie, all-time best-selling author, Ambassadors Theatre, best-selling author, best-selling author ever, Guinness Book of World Records, Index Translationum, Iter Vestrum, longest-running play, most translated author, Omnes Viae, Omnes Viae: Tabula Peutingeriana, ongest-ever initial run of a stage play, Roman Empire, Roman history, Roman Republic, Roman road map, Roman roads, Roman transit, Tabula Peutingeriana, The Mousetrap, William Shakespeare


text:
Every year in Europe, more than 20 million m² of post-consumer carpet tiles are disposed of as building waste or even are incinerated. As a solution, we launched a pioneering service through the 'REsponse to used CArpet tiles' (CARE) programme in January 2009, along with the Vanheede Environment Group.
Discover all about our CARE programme.
Nico Kimpe, Manager Carpet & Polymer Recycling @ Vanheede Environment Group
I am more than proud of the symbiotic relationship Vanheede Environment Group has with modulyss. We share the same no-nonsense approach and open communication strategy, which allowed us to successfully set up the innovative CARE project.
The process
A member of the modulyss team comes on site to check whether the carpet tiles are eligible for processing.
The carpet tiles are removed by the contractor and separated from other demolition materials.
The tiles are placed on disposable pallets and collected by Vanheede Environment Group.
After an entrance check, the carpet tiles are mixed with other non-recyclable and chlorine-free highly caloric materials and processed into pellets.
The pellets are then converted into sustainable energy.
We CARE
Thanks to CARE, life-expired polyamide carpet tiles are sustainably recycled into regenerated raw materials and secondary fuel. The minerals are extracted from the carpet tiles and recycled into raw material for the cement production industry, which results in 50% recycling of our carpet tiles. The rest is converted into pellets for industrial furnaces. This means that much less fossil fuel is used.
Sustainable solution certificate
After the durable processing of the carpet tiles you receive a sustainable solution certificate of Vanheede Environment Group.
Thanks to CARE...
- you prevent that carpet tiles are incinerated or dumped;
- waste is converted into raw material and fuel (energetic valorisation);
- the usage of precious fossil fuels decreases;
- you reduce CO2 emissions.


text: I've set up Debian Sarge 3.1(Perfect Setup) with ISPConfig successfully. However, I'm wondering if there is anyway to get FTP access to the web files for the site I've created. I've given the user administrator and shell access rights. When I log into the FTP server, it shows me a list of folders, includnig the web folder. When i edit the index.html file and upload it to the FTP server, it still brings up the default page. Could it be that this is not the web file location? When i visit my website, it gives me http://domain.tld/apache2-default/ in the lcation bar. Also, i noticed that when a user is created, it creates a home folder with a user website. I cannot access that site either. I tried http://www.domain.tld/user/ and http://www.domain.tld/users/user/ but it doesn't work. It gives me an Object Not Found error.


text:
Hi Everyone,
Assume that we have a real symmetric matrix $H$, which can be written in the form $H=D \cdot B$, where $D$ is a positive diagonal matrix, and $B$ is a diagonally dominant matrix. All elements of all matrices are positive real numbers. We know that real symmetric matrices have real eigenvalues, and that diagonally dominant matrices have (potentially complex) eigenvalues with positive real parts. Could we infer from the above that $H$ is positive definite?
More generally, if $D$ is a diagonal matrix and $B$ is a positive definite matrix, could we infer that the product $D \cdot B$ is positive definite? My feeling is that this problem should have long been solved, I would really appreciate any pointers to books/research articles that talk about this problem. Thanks! :-)


text:
Anderson and Golonka Awarded 2010 Thomas Crowley Trophies
Join Exclusive Group of Recipients of Crowley's Highest Honor
(JACKSONVILLE, Fla., Sept. 30, 2011) – Ketra Anderson, director of Crowley Maritime Corporation's safety and learning team, and Mike Golonka, general manager of ship management, were awarded 2010 Thomas Crowley trophies, the company's highest honor, at ceremonies yesterday at the company's headquarters in Jacksonville, Fla.
The exclusive employee recognition program was created in 1985, only 52 of the company's more than 4,300 employees have been awarded the limited edition bronze sculpture, which depicts a young Thomas Crowley as he ferried goods to and from ships on San Francisco Bay in the early 1890s. The trophy serves not only as a tribute to the founder of the company, but also to those honorees who have aligned themselves closely with the company's values and displayed outstanding performance along with dedication, leadership, initiative and productivity.
Tom Crowley Jr., chairman, president and CEO, presented the awards during ceremonies yesterday attended by local employees, including several previous recipients of the Thomas Crowley Trophy.
"Ketra and Mike have truly excelled," said Crowley. "They have not only demonstrated personal commitment to the goals, objectives and core values of the company, but they have also helped to infuse this commitment in others with whom they work."
"Ketra began her career at Crowley in Alaska making sure that we had the right people on board our vessels – it was an amazingly complicated job and she did it effortlessly," said Crowley. "Now she's working hard in Seattle to improve our company's culture, safety and performance by making sure we have all the right policies and procedures in place. She's done a fantastic job during her time at Crowley and I want to thank her for what she represents and all that she has accomplished."
"Words cannot express how proud I am to receive this prestigious award," said Anderson. "Thank you so much – and thanks to all of the wonderful people that I have had the privilege of working with over the years."
Golonka has distinguished himself helping to build up Crowley's ship management program.
"We knew we were good as a company at managing ships, but we left it up to Mike and his team to sell the program," Crowley said. "He has tackled every challenge we have given him and presents our program in such a clear, concise way – it's not just Crowley people who are impressed with him! He brings wonderful spirit, a great attitude and a big smile to the job every day and we're grateful to have him."
"This award means a lot to me – I feel like I grew up at Crowley. In fact, one of my first jobs out of school was with Crowley and I worked for Tom Crowley's father," said Golonka. "I understand the meaning of this company being family owned through the generations and I'm proud to be a part of the Crowley family. I believe in what we do and I'm excited to be a part of it."
Anderson began her career at Crowley in 1986 as a specialist in vessel operations. In 2001, she transitioned to coordinator for the crewing department, and in 2006 was promoted to senior administrator for SSQE. In 2009, she became manager of SSQE and assumed her current position earlier this year. Anderson is primarily responsible for Crowley's adherence to quality standards while defining processes to prevent deficiencies and encourage continual improvement as they relate to four key elements: safety, security, quality and environment.She oversees Crowley's quality management system that provides the framework for the business units affected by those certifications. The management system includes annual internal vessel, facility and office audits; third-party verification audits; document control and monthly measurements of key metrics. Anderson attended the University of Alaska and earned degrees in business and marketing.
Golonka joined Crowley in 1987 and over the years has served as senior port engineer, manager of ship operations, director of engineering and director of contract operations, prior to being appointed to his current position in 2009. Today he coordinates all sales, marketing and operations activities for Crowley's ship management group and its growing number of customers and vessels served, including container ships, tankers, U.S. Maritime Administration Ready Reserve Force ships, state-of-the-art deep-water derrick pipelay vessels and a self-propelled jack-up barge. Golonka earned an engineering diploma from the Calhoon MEBA Engineering School, and he holds an unlimited chief engineer license.
Jacksonville-based Crowley Holdings Inc., a holding company of the 119-year-old Crowley Maritime Corporation, is a privately held family and employee-owned company. The company provides project solutions, transportation and logistics services in domestic and international markets by means of six operating lines of business: Puerto Rico/Caribbean Liner Services, Latin America Liner Services, Logistics Services, Petroleum Services, Marine Services and Technical Services. Offered within these operating lines of business are: liner container shipping, logistics, contract towing and transportation; ship assist and escort; energy support; salvage and emergency response through its TITAN Salvage subsidiary; vessel management; vessel construction and naval architecture through its Jensen Maritime subsidiary; government services, and petroleum and chemical transportation, distribution and sales. Additional information about Crowley, its subsidiaries and business units may be found on the Internet at www.crowley.com.
# # #
Caption, left to right: Crowley, Anderson and Golonka


text: I went trought this how to and have everything working fine, but now I need to know if it is possible to do this...(before moving to linux we had an exchange 2003 running as our email server) and we had a group called "All" so eveytime we wanted to send an email to all account we would do just send an email to [email protected] and eveyone would receive the email. Is this possible this debian mail server? thank you