text:
Effects of the news in England on the Baptists--On the home churches--In the foundation of the London and other Missionary Societies--In Scotland--In Holland and America--The missionary home--Joshua Marshman, William Ward, and two others sent out--Landing at the Iona of Southern Asia--Meeting of Ward and Carey--First attempt to evangelise the non-Aryan hill tribes--Carey driven by providences to Serampore--Dense population of Hoogli district--Adapts his communistic plan to the new conditions--Purchase of the property--Constitution of the Brotherhood--His relations to Marshman and Ward--Hannah Marshman, the first woman missionary--Daily life of the Brethren--Form of Agreement--Careys ideal system of missionary administration realised for fifteen years--Spiritual heroism of the Brotherhood.
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THE first two English missionaries to India seemed to those who sent them forth to have disappeared for ever. For fourteen months, in those days of slow Indiamen and French privateers, no tidings of their welfare reached the poor praying people of the midlands, who had been emboldened to begin the heroic enterprise. The convoy, which had seen the Danish vessel fairly beyond the French coast, had been unable to bring back letters on account of the weather. At last, on the 29th July 1794, Fuller, the secretary; Pearce, the beloved personal friend of Carey; Ryland in Bristol; and the congregation at Leicester, received the journals of the voyage and letters which told of the first six weeks experience at Balasore, in Calcutta, Bandel, and Nuddea, just before Carey knew the worst of their pecuniary position. The committee at once met. They sang "with sacred joy" what has ever since been the jubilee hymn of missions, that by William Williams--
"Oer those gloomy hills of darkness.
They "returned solemn thanks to the everlasting God whose mercy endureth for ever, for having preserved you from the perils of the sea, and hitherto made your ways prosperous. In reading the short account of your labours we feel something of that spirit spoken of in the prophet, Thine heart shall fear and be enlarged. We cordially thank you for your assiduity in learning the languages, in translating, and in every labour of love in which you have engaged. Under God we cheerfully confide in your wisdom, fidelity, and prudence, with relation to the seat of your labours or the means to carry them into effect. If there be one place, however, which strikes us as of more importance than the rest, it is Nuddea. But you must follow where the Lord opens a door for you." The same spirit of generous confidence marked the relations of Carey and the committee so long as Fuller was secretary. When the news came that the missionaries had become indigo planters, some of the weaker brethren, estimating Carey by themselves, sent out a mild warning against secular temptations, to which he returned a half-amused and kindly reply. John Newton, then the aged rector of St. Mary Woolnoth, on being consulted, reassured them: "If the heart be fired with a zeal for God and love to souls," he said, "such attention to business as circumstances require will not hurt it." Since Carey, like the Moravians, meant that the missionaries should live upon a common stock, and never lay up money, the weakest might have recognised the Paul-like nobleness, which had marked all his life, in relinquishing the scanty salary that it might be used for other missions to Africa and Asia.
The spiritual law which Duffs success afterwards led Chalmers to formulate, that the relation of foreign to home missions acts not by exhaustion but by fermentation, now came to be illustrated on a great scale, and to result in the foundation of the catholic missionary enterprise of the evangelicals of England, Scotland, Ireland, America, Germany, and France, which has marked the whole nineteenth century. We find it first in Fuller himself. In comforting Thomas during his extremest dejection he quoted to him from his own journal of 1789 the record of a long period of spiritual inactivity, which continued till Carey compelled him to join in the mission. "Before this I did little but pine over my misery, but since I have betaken myself to greater activity for God, my strength has been recovered and my soul replenished." "Your work is a great work, and the eyes of the religious world are upon you. Your undertaking, with that of your dear colleague, has provoked many. The spirit of missions is gone forth. I wish it may never stop till the Gospel is sent unto all the world."
Following the pietist Francke, who in 1710 published the first missionary reports, and also the Moravians, Fuller and his coadjutors issued from the press of J. W. Morris at Clipstone, towards the end of 1794, No. I. of their Periodical Accounts relative to a Society formed among the Particular Baptists for Propagating the Gospel among the Heathen. That contained a narrative of the foundation of the Society and the letters of Carey up to 15th February 1794 from the Soondarbans. Six of these Accounts appeared up to the year 1800, when they were published as one volume with an index and illustrations. The volume closes with a doggerel translation of one of several Gospel ballads which Carey had written in Bengali in 1798. He had thus early brought into the service of Christ the Hindoo love of musical recitative, which was recently re-discovered--as it were--and now forms an important mode of evangelistic work when accompanied by native musical instruments. The original has a curious interest and value in the history of the Bengali language, as formed by Carey. As to the music he wrote:--"We sometimes have a melody that cheers my heart, though it would be discordant upon the ears of an Englishman."
Such was the immediate action of the infant Baptist Society. The moment Dr. Ryland read his letter from Carey he sent for Dr. Bogue and Mr. Stephen, who happened to be in Bristol, to rejoice with him. The three returned thanks to God, and then Bogue and Stephen, calling on Mr. Hey, a leading minister, took the first step towards the foundation of a similar organisation of non-Baptists, since known as the London Missionary Society. Immediately Bogue, the able Presbyterian, who had presided over a theological school at Gosport from which missionaries went forth, and who refused the best living in Edinburgh when offered to him by Dundas, wrote his address, which appeared in the Evangelical Magazine for September, calling on the churches to send out at least twenty or thirty missionaries. In the sermon of lofty eloquence which he preached the year after, he declared that the missionary movement of that time would form an epoch in the history of man,--"the time will be ever remembered by us, and may it be celebrated by future ages as the Æra of Christian Benevolence."
On the same day the Rev. T. Haweis, rector of All Saints, Aldwinkle, referring to the hundreds of ministers collected to decide where the first mission should be sent, thus burst forth: "Methinks I see the great Angel of the Covenant in the midst of us, pluming his wings, and ready to fly through the midst of heaven with his own everlasting Gospel, to every nation and tribe and tongue and people." In Hindostan "our brethren the Baptists have at present prevented our wishes...there is room for a thousand missionaries, and I wish we may be ready with a numerous host for that or any other part of the earth."
"Scotland10 was the next to take up the challenge sent by Carey. Greville Ewing, then a young minister of the kirk in Edinburgh, published in March 1796 the appeal of the Edinburgh or Scottish Missionary Society, which afterwards sent John Wilson to Bombay, and that was followed by the Glasgow Society, to which we owe the most successful of the Kafir missions in South Africa. Robert Haldane sold all that he had when he read the first number of the Periodical Accounts, and gave £35,000 to send a Presbyterian mission of six ministers and laymen, besides himself, to do from Benares what Carey had planned from Mudnabati; but Pitt as well as Dundas, though his personal friends, threatened him with the Companys intolerant Act of Parliament. Evangelical ministers of the Church of England took their proper place in the new crusade, and a year before the eighteenth century closed they formed the agency, which has ever since been in the forefront of the host of the Lord as the Church Missionary Society, with Careys friend, Thomas Scott, as its first secretary. The sacred enthusiasm was caught by the Netherlands on the one side under the influence of Dr. Van der Kemp, who had studied at Edinburgh University, and by the divinity students of New England, of whom Adoniram Judson was even then in training to receive from Carey the apostolate of Burma. Soon too the Bengali Bible translations were to unite with the needs of the Welsh at home to establish the British and Foreign Bible Society.
As news of all this reached Carey amid his troubles and yet triumphs of faith in the swamps of Dinajpoor, and when he learned that he was soon to be joined by four colleagues, one of whom was Ward whom he himself had trysted to print the Bengali Bible for him, he might well write, in July 1799:--"The success of the Gospel and, among other things, the hitherto unextinguishable missionary flame in England and all the western world, give us no little encouragement and animate our hearts." To Sutcliff he had written eighteen months before that:--"I rejoice much at the missionary spirit which has lately gone forth: surely it is a prelude to the universal spread of the Gospel! Your account of the German Moravian Brethrens affectionate regard towards me is very pleasing. I am not much moved by what men in general say of me; yet I cannot be insensible to the regards of men eminent for godliness...Staying at home is now become sinful in many cases, and will become so more and more. All gifts should be encouraged, and spread abroad."
The day was breaking now. Men as well as money were offered for Careys work. In Scotland especially Fuller found that he had but to ask, but to appear in any evangelical pulpit, and he would receive sums which, in that day of small things, rebuked his little faith. Till the last Scotland was loyal to Carey and his colleagues, and with almost a prevision of this he wrote so early as 1797:--"It rejoices my heart much to hear of our brethren in Scotland having so liberally set themselves to encourage the mission." They approved of his plans, and prayed for him and his work. When Fuller called on Cecil for help, the "churchy" evangelical told him he had a poor opinion of all Baptists except one, the man who wrote The Gospel Worthy of All Acceptation. When he learned that its author was before him, the hasty offender apologised and offered a subscription. "Not a farthing, sir!" was the reply, "you do not give in faith;" but the persistent Cecil prevailed. Men, however, were a greater want than money at that early stage of the modern crusade. Thomas and Fountain had each been a mistake. So were the early African missionaries, with the exception of the first Scotsman, Peter Greig. Of the thirty sent out by the London Missionary Society in the Duff only four were fit for ordination, and not one has left a name of mark. The Church Mission continued to send out only Germans till 1815. In quick succession four young men offered themselves to the Baptist Society to go out as assistants to Carey, in the hope that the Company would give them a covenant to reside--Brunsdon and Grant, two of Rylands Bristol flock; Joshua Marshman with his wife Hannah Marshman, and William Ward called by Carey himself.
In nine months Fuller had them and their families shipped in an American vessel, the Criterion, commanded by Captain Wickes, a Presbyterian elder of Philadelphia, who ever after promoted the cause in the United States. Charles Grant helped them as he would have aided Carey alone. Though the most influential of the Companys directors, he could not obtain a passport for them, but he gave them the very counsel which was to provide for the young mission its ark of defence: "Do not land at Calcutta but at Serampore, and there, under the protection of the Danish flag, arrange to join Mr. Carey." After five months prosperous voyage the party reached the Hoogli. Before arriving within the limits of the port of Calcutta Captain Wickes sent them off in two boats under the guidance of a Bengali clerk to Serampore, fifteen miles higher up on the right bank of the river. They had agreed that he should boldly enter them, not as assistant planters, but as Christian missionaries, rightly trusting to Danish protection. Charles Grant had advised them well, but it is not easy now, as in the case of their predecessors in 1795 and of their successors up to 1813, to refrain from indignation that the British Parliament, and the party led by William Pitt, should have so long lent all the weight of their power to the East India Company in the vain attempt to keep Christianity from the Hindoos. Wards journal thus simply tells the story of the landing of the missionaries at this Iona, this Canterbury of Southern Asia:--
"Lords-day, Oct. 13, 1799.--Brother Brunsdon and I slept in the open air on our chests. We arrived at Serampore this morning by daylight, in health and pretty good spirits. We put up at Myerrs, a Danish tavern to which we had been recommended. No worship to-day. Nothing but a Portuguese church here.
"Oct. 14.--Mr. Forsyth from Calcutta, missionary belonging to the London Missionary Society, astonished us by his presence this afternoon. He was wholly unknown, but soon became well known. He gave us a deal of interesting information. He had seen brother Carey, who invited him to his house, offered him the assistance of his Moonshi, etc.
"Oct. 16--The Captain having been at Calcutta came and informed us that his ship could not be entered unless we made our appearance. Brother Brunsdon and I went to Calcutta, and the next day we were informed that the ship had obtained an entrance, on condition that we appeared at the Police Office, or would continue at Serampore. All things considered we preferred the latter, till the arrival of our friends from Kidderpore to whom we had addressed letters. Captain Wickes called on Rev. Mr. Brown, who very kindly offered to do anything for us in his power. Our Instructions with respect to our conduct towards Civil Government were read to him. He promised to call at the Police Office afterwards, and to inform the Master that we intended to stay at Serampore, till we had leave to go up the country. Captain Wickes called at the office afterwards, and they seemed quite satisfied with our declaration by him. In the afternoon we went to Serampore.
"Oct. 19.--I addressed a letter to the Governor to-day begging his acceptance of the last number of our Periodical Accounts, and informing him that we proposed having worship to-morrow in our own house, from which we did not wish to exclude any person.
"Lords-day, Oct. 20.--This morning the Governor sent to inquire the hours of our worship. About half-past ten he came to our house with a number of gentlemen and their retinue. I preached from Acts xx. 24. We had a very attentive congregation of Europeans: several appeared affected, among whom was the Governor."
The text was well chosen from Pauls words to the elders of Ephesus, as he turned his face towards the bonds and afflictions that awaited him--"But none of these things move me, neither count I my life dear unto myself, so that I might finish my course with joy, and the ministry which I have received of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God." It proved to be a history of the three men thenceforth best known as the Serampore Missionaries. Ward, too, the literary member of the mission, composed the hymn which thus concluded:--
"Yes, we are safe beneath Thy shade,
And shall be so midst Indias heat:
What should a missionary dread,
For devils crouch at Jesus feet.
"There, sweetest Saviour! let Thy cross
Win many Hindoo hearts to Thee;
This shall make up for every loss,
While Thou art ours eternally."
In his first letter to a friend in Hull Ward used language which unconsciously predicted the future of the mission:--"With a Bible and a press posterity will see that a missionary will not labour in vain, even in India." But one of their number, Grant, was meanwhile removed by death, and, while they waited for a month, Carey failed to obtain leave for them to settle as his assistants in British territory. He had appealed to Mr. Brown, and to Dr. Roxburgh, his friend in charge of the Botanic Garden, to use his influence with the Government through Colebrooke, the Oriental scholar, then high in the service. But it was in vain. The police had seen with annoyance the missionaries slip from their grasp because of the liberality of the Governor-General of whom Carey had written to Ryland a year before: "At Calcutta, I saw much dissipation; but yet I think less than formerly. Lord Mornington has set his face against sports, gaming, horse-racing, and working on the Lords-day; in consequence of which these infamous practices are less common than formerly." The missionaries, too, had at first been reported not as Baptist but as "Papist," and the emissaries of France, believed to be everywhere, must be watched against. The brave little Governor let it be understood that he would protect to the last the men who had been committed to his care by the Danish consul in London. So Ward obtained a Danish passport to enable him to visit Dinapoor and consult with Carey.
It was Sunday morning when he approached the Mudnabati factory, "feeling very unusual sensations," greatly excited. "At length I saw Carey! He is less altered than I expected: has rather more flesh than when in England, and, blessed be God! he is a young man still." It was a wrench to sacrifice his own pioneer mission, property worth £500, the school, the church, the inquirers, but he did not hesitate. He thus stated the case on the other side:--"At Serampore we may settle as missionaries, which is not allow here; and the great ends of the mission, particularly the printing of the Scriptures, seem much more likely to be answered in that situation than in this. There also brother Ward can have the inspection of the press; whereas here we should be deprived of his important assistance. In that part of the country the inhabitants are far more numerous than in this; and other missionaries may there be permitted to join us, which here it seems they will not." On the way down, during a visit to the Rajmahal Hills, round which the great Ganges sweeps, Carey and Ward made the first attempt to evangelise the Santal and other simple aboriginal tribes, whom the officials Brown and Cleveland had partly tamed. The Paharis are described, at that time, as without caste, priests, or public religion, as living on Indian corn and by hunting, for which they carry bows and arrows. "Brother Carey was able to converse with them." Again, Wards comment on the Bengali services on the next Sunday, from the boats, is "the common sort wonder how brother Carey can know so much of the Shasters." "I long," wrote Carey from the spot to his new colleagues, "to stay here and tell these social and untutored heathen the good news from heaven. I have a strong persuasion that the doctrine of a dying Saviour would, under the Holy Spirits influence, melt their hearts." From Taljheri and Pokhuria, near that place, to Parisnath, Ranchi, and Orissa, thousands of Santals and Kols have since been gathered into the kingdom.
On the 10th January 1800 Carey took up his residence at Serampore, on the 11th he was presented to the Governor, and "he went out and preached to the natives." His apprenticeship was over; so began his full apostolate, instant in season and out of season, to end only with his life thirty-four years after.
Thus step by step, by a way that he knew not, the shoemaker lad--who had educated himself to carry the Gospel to Tahiti, had been sent to Bengal in spite of the Company which cast him out of their ship, had starved in Calcutta, had built him a wooden hut in the jungles of the Delta, had become indigo planter in the swamps of Dinapoor that he might preach Christ without interference, had been forced to think of seeking the protection of a Buddhist in the Himalaya morass--was driven to begin anew in the very heart of the most densely peopled part of the British Empire, under the jealous care of the foreign European power which had a century before sent missionaries to Tranquebar and taught Zinzendorf and the Moravians the divine law of the kingdom; encouraged by a Governor, Colonel Bie, who was himself a disciple of Schwartz. To complete this catalogue of special providences we may add that, if Fuller had delayed only a little longer, even Serampore would have been found shut against the missionaries. For the year after, when Napoleons acts had driven us to war with Denmark, a detachment of British troops, under Lord Mintos son, took possession of Fredericksnagore, as Serampore was officially called, and of the Danish East India Companys ship there, without opposition.
The district or county of Hoogli and Howrah, opposite Calcutta and Barrackpore, of which Serampore is the central port, swarms with a population, chiefly Hindoo but partly Mussulman, unmatched for density in any other part of the world. If, after years of a decimating fever, each of its 1701 square miles still supports nearly a thousand human beings or double the proportion of Belgium, we cannot believe that it was much less dense at the beginning of the century. From Howrah, the Surrey side of Calcutta, up to Hoogli the county town, the high ridge of mud between the river and the old channel of the Ganges to the west, has attracted the wealthiest and most intellectually active of all the Bengalees. Hence it was here that Portuguese and Dutch, French and English, and Danish planted their early factories. The last to obtain a site of twenty acres from the moribund Mussulman Government at Moorshedabad was Denmark, two years before Plassey. In the half century the hut of the first Governor sent from Tranquebar had grown into the "beautiful little town" which delighted the first Baptist missionaries. Its inhabitants, under only British administration since 1845, now number 45,000. Then they were much fewer, but then even more than now the town was a centre of the Vishnoo-worship of Jagganath, second only to that of Pooree in all India. Not far off, and now connected with the port by railway, is the foul shrine of Tarakeswar, which attracts thousands of pilgrims, many of them widows, who measure the road with their prostrate bodies dripping from the bath. Commercially Serampore sometimes distanced Calcutta itself, for all the foreign European trade was centred in it during the American and French wars, and the English civilians used its investments as the best means of remitting their savings home. When the missionaries landed there was nothing but a Portuguese Catholic church in the settlement, and the Governor was raising subscriptions for that pretty building in which Carey preached till he died, and the spire of which the Governor-General is said to have erected to improve the view of the town from the windows of his summer palace at Barrackpore opposite.
Removed from the rural obscurity of a Bengali village, where the cost of housing, clothing, and living was small, to a town in the neighbourhood of the capital much frequented by Europeans, Carey at once adapted the practical details of his communistic brotherhood to the new circumstances. With such wisdom was he aided in this by the business experience of Marshman and Ward, that a settlement was formed which admitted of easy development in correspondence with the rapid growth of the mission. At first the community consisted of ten adults and nine children. Grant had been carried off in a fever caused by the dampness of their first quarters. The promising Brunsdon was soon after removed by liver complaint caught from standing on an unmatted floor in the printing-office. Fountain, who at first continued the mission at Dinapoor, soon died there a happy death. Thomas had settled at Beerbhoom, but joined the Serampore brethren in time to do good though brief service before he too was cut off. But, fortunately as it proved for the future, Carey had to arrange for five families at the first, and this is how it was done as described by Ward:--
"The renting of a house, or houses, would ruin us. We hoped therefore to have been able to purchase land, and build mat houses upon it; but we can get none properly situated. We have in consequence purchased of the Governors nephew a large house in the middle of the town for Rs.6000, or about £800; the rent in four years would have amounted to the purchase. It consists of a spacious verandah (portico) and hall, with two rooms on each side. Rather more to the front are two other rooms separate, and on one side is a storehouse, separate also, which will make a printing-office. It stands by the river-side upon a pretty large piece of ground, walled round, with a garden at the bottom, and in the middle a fine tank or pool of water. The price alarmed us, but we had no alternative; and we hope this will form a comfortable missionary settlement. Being near to Calcutta, it is of the utmost importance to our school, our press, and our connection with England."
"From hence may the Gospel issue and pervade all India," they wrote to Fuller. "We intend to teach a school, and make what we can of our press. The paper is all arrived, and the press, with the types, etc., complete. The Bible is wholly translated, except a few chapters, so that we intend to begin printing immediately, first the New and then the Old Testament. We love our work, and will do all we can to lighten your expenses."
This house-chapel, with two acres of garden land and separate rooms on either side, continued till 1875 to be the nucleus of the settlement afterwards celebrated all over South Asia and Christendom. The chapel is still sacred to the worship of God. The separate rooms to the left, fronting the Hoogli, became enlarged into the stately residence of Mr. John Marshman, C.S.I., and his two successors in the Friend of India, while beyond were the girls school, now removed, the residence of Dr. Joshua Marshman before his death, and the boys school presented to the mission by the King of Denmark. The separate rooms to the right grew into the press; farther down the river was the house of the Lady Rumohr who became Careys second wife, with the great paper-mill behind; and, still farther, the second park in which the Serampore College was built, with the principals house in which Carey died, and a hostel for the Native Christian students behind. The whole settlement finally formed a block of at least five acres, with almost palatial buildings, on the right bank of the Hoogli, which, with a breadth of half a mile when in flood, rolls between it and the Governor-Generals summer house and English-like park of Barrackpore. The original two acres became Careys Botanic Garden; the houses he surrounded and connected by mahogany trees, which grew to be of umbrageous beauty. His favourite promenade between the chapel and the mill, and ultimately the college, was under an avenue of his own planting, long known as "Careys Walk."
The new colleagues who were to live with him in loving brotherhood till death removed the last in 1837 were not long in attracting him. The two were worthy to be associated with him, and so admirably supplemented his own deficiencies that the brotherhood became the most potent and permanent force in India. He thus wrote to Fuller his first impressions of them, with a loving self-depreciation:--"Brother Ward is the very man we wanted: he enters into the work with his whole soul. I have much pleasure in him, and expect much from him. Brother Marshman is a prodigy of diligence and prudence, as is also his wife in the latter: learning the language is mere play to him; he has already acquired as much as I did in double the time." After eight months of study and evangelising work they are thus described:--"Our brother Marshman, who is a true missionary, is able to talk a little; he goes out frequently, nay almost every day, and assaults the fortress of Satan. Brother Brunsdon can talk a little, though not like Marshman. Brother Ward is a great prize; he does not learn the language so quickly, but he is so holy, so spiritual a man, and so useful among the children."
Thus early did Carey note the value of Hannah Marshman, the first woman missionary to India. Granddaughter of the Baptist minister of Crockerton in Wiltshire, she proved to be for forty-six years at once a loving wife, and the equal of the three missionaries of Christ and of civilisation whom she aided in the common home, in the schools, in the congregation, in the Native Christian families, and even, at that early time, in purely Hindoo circles. Without her the mission must have been one-sided indeed. It gives us a pathetic interest to turn to her household books, where we find entered with loving care and thoughtful thrift all the daily details which at once form a valuable contribution to the history of prices, and show how her "prudence" combined with the heroic self-denial of all to make the Serampore mission the light of India. Wards journal supplies this first sketch of the brotherhood, who realised, more than probably any in Protestant, Romanist, or Greek hagiology, the life of the apostolic community in Jerusalem:--
"January 18, 1800.--This week we have adopted a set of rules for the government of the family. All preach and pray in turn; one superintends the affairs of the family for a month, and then another; brother Carey is treasurer, and has the regulation of the medicine chest; brother Fountain is librarian. Saturday evening is devoted to adjusting differences, and pledging ourselves to love one another. One of our resolutions is, that no one of us do engage in private trade; but that all be done for the benefit of the mission...
"August 1.--Our labours for every day are now regularly arranged. About six oclock we rise; brother Carey to his garden; brother Marshman to his school at seven; brother Brunsdon, Felix, and I, to the printing-office. At eight the bell rings for family worship: we assemble in the hall; sing, read, and pray. Breakfast. Afterwards, brother Carey goes to the translation, or reading proofs: brother Marshman to school, and the rest to the printing-office. Our compositor having left us, we do without: we print three half-sheets of 2000 each in a week; have five pressmen, one folder, and one binder. At twelve oclock we take a luncheon; then most of us shave and bathe, read and sleep before dinner, which we have at three. After dinner we deliver our thoughts on a text or question: this we find to be very profitable. Brother and sister Marshman keep their schools till after two. In the afternoon, if business be done in the office, I read and try to talk Bengali with the bràmmhàn. We drink tea about seven, and have little or no supper. We have Bengali preaching once or twice in the week, and on Thursday evening we have an experience meeting. On Saturday evening we meet to compose differences and transact business, after prayer, which is always immediately after tea. Felix is very useful in the office; William goes to school, and part of the day learns to bind. We meet two hours before breakfast on the first Monday in the month, and each one prays for the salvation of the Bengal heathen. At night we unite our prayers for the universal spread of the Gospel."
The "Form of Agreement" which regulated the social economy and spiritual enterprise of the brotherhood, and also its legal relations to the Baptist Society in England, deserves study, in its divine disinterestedness, its lofty aims, and its kindly common sense. Fuller had pledged the Society in 1798 to send out £360 a year for the joint family of six missionaries, their wives, and children. The house and land at Serampore cost the Society Rs.6000. On Grants death, leaving a widow and two children, the five missionaries made the first voluntary agreement, which "provided that no one should trade on his own private account, and that the product of their labour should form a common fund to be applied at the will of the majority, to the support of their respective families, of the cause of God around them, and of the widow and family of such as might be removed by death." The first year the schools and the press enabled the brotherhood to be more than self-supporting. In the second year Careys salary from the College of Fort-William, and the growth of the schools and press, gave them a surplus for mission extension. They not only paid for the additional two houses and ground required by such extension, but they paid back to the Society all that it had advanced for the first purchase in the course of the next six years. They acquired all the property for the Serampore Mission, duly informing the home Committee from time to time, and they vested the whole right, up to Fullers death in 1815, in the Society, "to prevent the premises being sold or becoming private property in the families." But "to secure their own quiet occupation of them, and enable them to leave them in the hands of such as they might associate with themselves in their work, they declared themselves trustees instead of proprietors."
The agreement of 1800 was expanded into the "Form of Agreement" of 1805 when the spiritual side of the mission had grown. Their own authoritative statement, as given above, was lovingly recognised by Fuller. In 1817, and again in 1820, the claims of aged and destitute relatives, and the duty of each brother making provision for his own widow and orphans, and, occasionally, the calls of pity and humanity, led the brotherhood to agree that "each shall regularly deduct a tenth of the net product of his labour to form a fund in his own hands for these purposes." We know nothing in the history of missions, monastic or evangelical, which at all approaches this in administrative perfectness as well is in Christlike self-sacrifice. It prevents secularisation of spirit, stimulates activity of all kinds, gives full scope to local ability and experience, calls forth the maximum of local support and propagation, sets the church at home free to enter incessantly on new fields, provides permanence as well as variety of action and adaptation to new circumstances, and binds the whole in a holy bond of prayerful co-operation and loving brotherhood. This Agreement worked for seventeen years, with a success in England and India which we shall trace, or as long as Fuller, Ryland, and Sutcliff lived "to hold the ropes," while Carey, Marshman, and Ward excavated the mine of Hindooism.
The spiritual side of the Agreement we find in the form which the three drew up in 1805, to be read publicly at all their stations thrice every year, on the Lords Day. It is the ripe fruit of the first eleven years of Careys daily toil and consecrated genius, as written out by the fervent pen of Ward. In the light of it the whole of Careys life must be read. In these concluding sentences the writer sketches Carey himself:--"Let us often look at Brainerd in the woods of America, pouring out his very soul before God for the perishing heathen, without whose salvation nothing could make you happy. Prayer, secret, fervent, believing prayer, lies at the root of all personal godliness. A competent knowledge of the languages current where a missionary lives, a mild and winning temper, and a heart given up to God in closet religion; these, these are the attainments which more than all knowledge or all other gifts, will fit us to become the instruments of God in the great work of human redemption. Finally, let us give ourselves unreservedly to this glorious cause. Let us never think that our time, our gifts, our strength, our families, or even the clothes we wear are our own. Let us sanctify them all to God and His cause. Oh! that He may sanctify us for His work. Let us for ever shut out the idea of laying up a cowrie (mite) for ourselves or our children. If we give up the resolution which was formed on the subject of private trade, when we first united at Serampore, the mission is from that hour a lost cause. Let us continually watch against a worldly spirit, and cultivate a Christian indifference towards every indulgence. Rather let us bear hardness as good soldiers of Jesus Christ. No private family ever enjoyed a greater portion of happiness, even in the most prosperous gale of worldly prosperity, than we have done since we resolved to have all things in common. If we are enabled to persevere in the same principles, we may hope that multitudes of converted souls will have reason to bless God to all eternity for sending His Gospel into this country."
Such was the moral heroism, such the spiritual aim of the Serampore brotherhood; how did it set to work?
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Left mouse: Shoot 1 Key: Select Mortar Strike 2 Key: Select Artillery Strike 3 Key: Select Air Strike 4 Key: Select Big Bomb U Key: Upgrade O or P keys: Options
Keep your base safe from the huge advancing enemy armies using your trusty sniper rifle, air strikes and artillery. V1.0.3: Loading game health bar glitch fixed, and loading game button glitch fixed, thanks for letting me know! V1.0.2: The first two tools: Mortar and Artillery Strike have been sped up to be more effective, and not block you from using your other tools.
Date Added: 2013-01-01
Category: Shooter
Played 4115 times
Tags: None

subset: commoncrawl


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Fiverr is one tool that can help increase the followers and likes on Twitter and Facebook. I would like to know from the users of Fiverr if it is really effective in increasing the followers and likes on social platforms and if yes, do they really get engaged in sharing and reading posts or is it that fiverr simply increases the numbers of followers and likes?
I suppose it depends on what you buy. If you're thinking of picking up 500 fans for $5 or something run for the hills, when you get there think about what that would actually mean, and spend the $5 on a cookie and a coke. You need interested people, not more people and in fact, more names for the sake of names actually works against you killing your relevancy scores.
On the other hand if you're able to find someone talented and efficient you may be able to get some related content services for pretty cheap… $5 isn't much and you shouldn't put too much weight on the return but for a short post, some tips & tricks, it's certainly possible.
It is good to use as many sources as possible. But overall I don't think that fiverr will get you too many returns. You are better off learning how to maximize other available sources.
Never used it, but I will be using it soon for a website. The other alternative virtual sales person solutions cost some serious money, and the clients rather part with $5.
I have used a few gigs from fiverr to increase the social signals for my sites. Most accounts from google+, facebook and so are created by robots and not active. Plus I like to make the social interactions on my site look natural. So if I get 2000 facebook likes in one night and never again then it going to look suspicious. There are websites out there that provides social likes exchange eg socialclerks where you like other peoples sites in exchange for points and they'll like yours. It's a bit of work but definitely make things look natural and the accounts are active since people are using to likes other webistes.
Having real people or accounts that look active is still no good. If you're buying "likes" of any sort you are not getting relevant connections and that means your overall relevancy [EdgeRank on Facebook] will suffer decreasing the visibility of your posts to all your "fans". This happens even if you just have a few thousand fans and it's not a matter of a few people… as a page drops down we're talking 75, 60, even 80% of people not seeing your posts.
Social is about engaging – you know actually interacting with people – buying a higher counter does nothing to help that or improve your results.
All those gigs they only make you look more popular, they can actually help you, especially when you start as it may be difficult for people to trust your facebook page/twitter account if you have absolutely no like or followers.
How do you account for the negative impact of engagement scores to your post visibility or the fact that well over 90% of page activity is via the wall – where you count never shows up?
Most times when you buy like from fiverrr you will receive bots, but i still think its better to have a page with 500 fake likes than 50 real. Look much more proffessional when someone new visits your page
Just my opinion
Fake numbers might make you look more popular but they don't work to make you look more professional. If the best tool you have available to build your business is to try to fool your customer's with something fake, you don't have much of a business anyway.
It is one of the best and cheap site if you have something to outsource. I've used pinterest many times. Once I've bought a gig for increasing the like on my YouTube Video. Thus I got 1000+ likes and my total youtube viewers of that video increased to 6000 within a month.
Later I've bought another gig to get more like+retweet+SU+digg (in a single gig). But it was a crash. This does not increase my traffic. A-listed bloggers like Daniel Scocco of DailyBlogTips.com also use pinterest to get more likes. So it is worth trying.
Do they really get engaged, read the post??
No, if you want to get more likes, say 1000, they simply like it and not engaged on it. It simply increase the number of followers. It also help to get more traffic due to viral effects and sometime it may be a real crash. Anyway, it is all about $5 and it is definitely worth a try.
If you are looking to get more likes on your facebook page, I could say that it would be a big crash. Facebook fans should be engaged on your page. Number won't make you rich.
I'm surprised that this thread is alive again. Anyway, I haven't tried Fiverr gigs at all. About increasing your social reach, wouldn't it be a better idea if you're going to engage with the people by sharing potentially viral content to them? The number of likes you get won't matter if only a few of those are the ones who are really engaging with you. Another thing: making the followers reply with their contact details as a part of a contest doesn't count as engagement. Opening a conversation wherein you allow the people to share whatever they want to share about the topic counts as a form of engagement.
Yes, i have tried this.not so good.but not bad too.
because something is better than nothing.
frankly i tried using fiverr for gaining more traffice on my site, but it didn't seem to pay off although it was only 5 bucks but still feel like it was a rip off
we don't get quality visitors form fiverr
i tried fiverr in order to write articles for my site.
i was very clear in my request and also chose to work with people who looked to me very trustful.
it's important, before order anything from fiverr, to read the feedbacks of the seller and also to talk with him through messages and explain him/her what you want with full details.
I myself have experienced the good and bad of Fiverr. I would never use seo services there but videos and design can be a winner.
I'll never use Fiverr or his similar services for a real company's page.
After all, you won't have who to engage whatsoever, just fake numbers.
I would invest a few good bucks in a facebook PPC campaign, and get real people that way.
I used fiverr to increase my twitter followers, needless to say, as every kind of "increase your twitter/facebook fans/followers" it is always some cheap scam as the followers are usually bots of some kind. Though if you're wanting to give off an impression you're bigger than you are, it's the thing to do.


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Lemon Fig Pictures · By Maple Tree · Added 10 years ago.
source: www.marthassecrets.com Gardenality allows its members to upload photos to our site. However, if you find that a photo on this site is under copyright protection please inform us and we will remove the photo from the site.


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pianobooster (educational music software)
PianoBooster is a fun way of playing along with a musical accompaniment
and at the same time learning the basics of reading musical
notation. The difference between playing along to a CD or a standard
midi file is that PianoBooster listens and follows what you are playing
on a midi piano keyboard.
This requires: ftgl
Maintained by: B. Watson
Keywords: piano,keyboard,midi
ChangeLog: pianobooster
Download SlackBuild:
pianobooster.tar.gz.asc (FAQ)
(the SlackBuild does not include the source)
|Individual Files:
| doinst.sh
| pianobooster.SlackBuild
| pianobooster.desktop
| pianobooster.info
| slack-desc
© 2006-2023 SlackBuilds.org Project. All rights reserved.
Slackware® is a registered trademark of Patrick Volkerding
Linux® is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds


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Girls on the Run
We inspire girls to be joyful, healthy and confident using a fun, experience-based curriculum which creatively integrates running.
Girls on the Run is a transformational physical activity based positive youth development program for girls in 3rd-8th grade. We teach life skills through dynamic, interactive lessons and running games. The program culminates with the girls being physically and emotionally prepared to complete a celebratory 5K running event. The goal of the program is to unleash confidence through accomplishment while establishing a lifetime appreciation of health and fitness.
The start of the program is TBD
Quick Links
Hannah MergesUCARE Home


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Welcome to the IDF CVID Community Center
The IDF Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID) Community Center is your online source for credible CVID information, clinical reference, publications, and support. The Immune Deficiency Foundation (IDF) created this center to provide information, education and support about assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and issues of health and well-being for people living with CVID and their families.
IDF understands the challenges and emotions you are facing. Whether you are recently diagnosed, caring for a loved one, or managing your CVID for a long time, we are here to help guide you through your experience. From locating physicians to providing emotional support, we offer programs, services, and resources to help you better cope with a CVID diagnosis.
Overview of Common Variable Immune Deficiency
Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID) is one of the most frequently diagnosed primary immunodeficiencies, especially in adults, characterized by low levels of serum immunoglobulins and antibodies, which causes an increased susceptibility to infection. While CVID is thought to be due to genetic defects, the exact cause of the disorder is unknown in the large majority of cases.
Compared to other human immune defects, CVID is a relatively frequent form of primary immunodeficiency, found in about 1 in 25,000 persons; this is the reason it is called "common." The degree and type of deficiency of serum immunoglobulins, and the clinical course, varies from patient to patient, hence, the word "variable." In some patients, there is a decrease in both IgG and IgA; in others, all three major types of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) are decreased. In still others there are defects of the T-cells, and this may also contribute to increased susceptibility to infections as well as autoimmunity, granulomata and tumors. To be sure that CVID is the correct diagnosis, there must be evidence of a lack of functional antibodies and other possible causes of these immunologic abnormalities must be excluded. Frequent and/or unusual infections may first occur during early childhood, adolescence or adult life. Patients with CVID also have an increased incidence of autoimmune or inflammatory manifestations, granulomata and an increased susceptibility to cancer when compared to the general population. Sometimes it is the presence of one of these other conditions that prompts an evaluation for CVID. The medical terms for absent or low blood immunoglobulins are agammaglobulinemia and hypogammaglobulinemia, respectively. Due to the late onset of symptoms and diagnosis, other names that have been used in the past include "acquired" agammaglobulinemia, "adult onset" agammaglobulinemia, or "late onset" hypogammaglobulinemia. The term "acquired immunodeficiency" refers to a syndrome caused by the AIDS virus (HIV) and should not be used for individuals with CVID, as these disorders are very different.
Official IDF CVID Facebook Group
Join the official IDF Facebook Group for people diagnosed with CVID and their immediate family members. It is a place where people affected by CVID can network, ask questions, and share insights and experiences.
Join the IDF CVID Facebook Group
IDF Resource Center
Download or order CVID-related publications, browse CVID videos and sort by patient lifestage.
Clinical Features of Common Variable Immune Deficiency
Both males and females may have CVID. In the majority, the diagnosis is not made until the third or fourth decade of life. However, about 20% of patients have symptoms of the disease or are found to be immunodeficient in childhood. Because the immune system is slow to mature, the diagnosis of CVID is generally not made until after the age of 4. The usual presenting features of CVID are recurrent infections involving the ears, nasal sinuses, bronchi (breathing tubes) and lungs (respiratory tract). When the lung infections are severe and occur repeatedly, permanent damage with widening and scarring of the bronchial tree, a condition termed bronchiectasis, may develop. The organisms commonly found in these sinopulmonary infections are bacteria that are widespread in the population and that often cause pneumonia (Hemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, and staphylococci) even in people who do not have CVID. The purpose of treatment of lung infections is to prevent their recurrence and the accompanying chronic and progressive damage to lung tissue. A regular cough in the morning and the production of yellow or green sputum may suggest the presence of chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis. Patients with CVID may also develop enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, the chest or abdomen. The specific cause is unknown, but enlarged lymph nodes may be caused by infection, an abnormal immune response or both. Similarly, enlargement of the spleen is relatively common, as is enlargement of Peyer's patches which are collections of lymphocytes in the walls of the intestine. In some cases, other collections of inflammatory cells, called granulomas, can be found in lungs, lymph nodes, liver, skin or other organs. These are largely composed of cells called monocytes and macrophages. They may be a response to an infection, but the cause is not really known. Although patients with CVID have depressed antibody responses and low levels of immunoglobulins in their blood, some of the antibodies that are produced by these patients may attack their own tissues (autoantibodies). These autoantibodies may attack and destroy blood cells, like red cells, white cells or platelets. Although, most individuals with CVID present first with recurrent bacterial infections, in about 20% of cases the first manifestation of the immune defect is a finding of very low platelets in the blood or severe anemia due to destruction of red cells. Autoantibodies may also cause other diseases such as arthritis or endocrine disorders, like thyroid disease. Gastrointestinal complaints such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss are not uncommon in CVID. Careful evaluation of the digestive organs may reveal malabsorption of fat and certain sugars or inflammatory bowel disease. If a small sample (biopsy) of the bowel mucosa is obtained, characteristic changes may be seen. These changes are helpful in diagnosing the problem and treating it. In some patients with digestive problems, a small parasite called Giardia lamblia has been identified in the biopsies and in the stool samples. Eradication of these parasites by medication may eliminate the gastrointestinal symptoms. Some patients with CVID who may not be receiving optimal immunoglobulin replacement therapy may also develop a painful inflammation of one or more joints. This condition is called polyarthritis. In the majority of these cases, the joint fluid does not contain bacteria. To be certain that the arthritis is not caused by a treatable infection; the joint fluid may be removed by needle aspiration and studied for the presence of bacteria. In some instances, a bacterium called Mycoplasma may be the cause and can be difficult to diagnose. The typical arthritis associated with CVID may involve the larger joints such as knees, ankles, elbows and wrists. The smaller joints, like the finger joints, are rarely affected. Symptoms of joint inflammation usually disappear with adequate immunoglobulin therapy and appropriate antibiotics. In some patients, however, arthritis may occur even when the patient is receiving adequate immunoglobulin replacement. Finally, patients with CVID may have an increased risk of cancer, especially cancer of the lymphoid system or gastrointestinal tract.
Diagnosis of Common Variable Immune Deficiency
CVID should be suspected in children or adults who have a history of recurrent bacterial infections involving ears, sinuses, bronchi and lungs. The characteristic laboratory features include low levels of serum immunoglobulins, including IgG, often IgA and sometimes IgM. Another part of the diagnosis of CVID is to determine if there is a lack of functional antibody. This is done by measuring serum levels of antibody, against vaccine antigens such as tetanus or diphtheria, measles, mumps, or rubella, hemophilus or pneumococcal polysaccharide. Patients with CVID have very low or absent antibody levels to most of these vaccines. Immunization with killed vaccines is used to measure antibody function, and this functional testing is crucial prior to beginning treatment. These tests also help the physician decide if the patient will benefit from immunoglobulin replacement therapy and can be key in obtaining insurance authorization for this therapy. The number of B- and T-lymphocytes may also be determined and their function tested in tissue cultures.
Genetics and Inheritance of Common Variable Immune Deficiency
Patients with CVID usually have normal numbers of the cells that produce antibody (B-lymphocytes), but these cells fail to undergo normal maturation into plasma cells, the cells capable of making the different types of immunoglobulins and antibodies for the blood stream and secretions. The genetic causes of CVID are largely unknown, although recent studies have shown the involvement of a small group of genes in a few patients. These include inducible co-stimulatory (ICOS) and a few other proteins on B-cells. These appear to be causes of autosomal recessive CVID. Mutations in a cell receptor (TACI) needed for normal growth and regulation of B-cells have also been found in about 8% of patients with CVID. However, a causative role of TACI mutations in this immune defect is not yet clear, since some of these mutations can be found in people with normal immunoglobulins. As these are very rare gene defects for the most part, genetic testing is not yet required or indicated for the diagnosis of CVID.
Treatment of Common Variable Immune Deficiency
The treatment of CVID is similar to that of other disorders with low levels of serum immunoglobulins. In the absence of a significant T-lymphocyte defect or organ damage, immunoglobulin replacement therapy almost always brings improvement of symptoms. Immunoglobulin is extracted from a large pool of human plasma; it consists mostly of IgG and contains all the important antibodies present in the normal population. (See chapter titled "Immunoglobulin Therapy and Other Medical Therapies for Antibody Deficiencies.") Patients with chronic sinusitis or chronic lung disease may also require long-term treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. If mycoplasma or other chronic infections are suspected, antibiotics specific for those organisms may be indicated. If bronchiectasis has developed, a daily pulmonary toilet regimen (chest physiotherapy and postural drainage) may be needed to mobilize the secretions from the lungs and bronchi and make them easier to cough up. Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and malabsorption should be evaluated for the presence of Giardia lamblia, rotavirus and a variety of other gastrointestinal infections. In some cases inflammatory bowel disease is found, and this is treated by the medications normally prescribed for patients who are non-immunodeficient. Maintaining a balance between the immunosuppression used to control the autoimmune process while avoiding compounding the defects of the underlying primary immunodeficiency requires close cooperation between the patient and the various specialists involved in their care. (See chapter titled "Autoimmunity in Primary Immunodeficiency.") If autoimmune or inflammatory disease, granulomas, or tumors develop, the treatment is usually the same as would be given to a person with a normal immune system. However when patients with CVID have these complications, there is a tendency for them to be less responsive to therapy. Regular checkups including lung function are recommended.
Expectations for Patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiency
Immunoglobulin replacement therapy combined with antibiotic therapy has greatly improved the outlook of patients with CVID. The aim of the treatment is to keep the patient free of infections and to prevent the development of chronic inflammatory changes in tissues. The outlook for patients with CVID depends on how much damage has occurred to their lungs or other organs before the diagnosis is made and treatment with immunoglobulin replacement therapy started, as well as how successfully infections can be prevented in the future by using these therapies. The development of autoimmune disease, inflammatory problems, granulomata or malignancy can have a significant impact on the quality of life and response to treatment. Excerpted from the IDF Patient & Family Handbook for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases FIFTH EDITION. Copyright 2013 by Immune Deficiency Foundation, USA. This page contains general medical information which cannot be applied safely to any individual case. Medical knowledge and practice can change rapidly. Therefore, this page should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice.


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Our new Annual Inspirations catalog goes live August 1, and we can't wait to show you all the exciting things we've been working on for the past year. In fact, we're SO excited that we're going to give you a sneak peek at one of our favorite new products—another installment of our Make It from Your Heart™ pattern book series (and the crowd goes wild)!
Volume 3 of Make It from Your Heart is a real game changer. Why? Well for starters, it comes as a collection of loose, 3-ring hole-punched pages that fit inside any of our Everyday Life™ mini albums. You can rearrange or pull out pages anytime you want. Just think: you could pull out the page you need for an upcoming crop and insert it into your Everyday Life™ planner next to the day of the crop. How awesome is that? 🙂
Also, this pattern book features 36 two-page layout patterns that use standard photos sizes (no trimming down photos over here, folks!). The layouts are organized by how many photos they use, so if you are looking for a layout that uses four photos, you can simply turn to that section and look at all your options.
We also have not one, but TWO pieces of artwork inspiration for each pattern! This is a great way to show off the creative potential of a single pattern, as you can in these examples:
Pattern 14
Pattern 26
In addition to these 36 patterns, this book features artwork inspiration that demonstrates how to incorporate additional photos into your layouts using our Pocket Plus™ Memory Protectors™…
…as well as our traditional pocket scrapbooking Memory Protectors.
This exciting new pattern book will be available to order beginning August 1 (which is in 12 days, but who's counting?). And there's no need to camp out in a long line in anticipation of the launch date because you can order this great new book on your Consultant's website or closetomyheart.com as soon as it is made available (along with more new products)!
So get ready to snap up your own copy of Make It from Your Heart Volume 3. Gotta love scrapbooking made easy. 🙂


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As the Government encourages Australians to take responsibility for and reach their financial retirement goals, citizens are repeatedly required to deal with superannuation funds. Self-managed superannuation is a means of saving for retirement. It enables you to control your investment strategy, reduce tax while obtaining tax benefits, and control administration costs.
Superannuation law is a delicate area and personalised planning is required for each individual. The team at Singla Singla & Co are superannuation experts who can assist in establishing a superannuation fund that will effectively enable you to reach your financial retirement goals.
Services we offer include:
Copyright 2022 Acctaxoutsource. All Rights Reserved.


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That's right, the one and only, the infamous, Wheeler's Vegan Ice Cream made a big splash with a tasting party yesterday afternoon in Brooklyn, and I was lucky enough to watch it all go down. Beyond just partaking in the lovely frozen delights, I also brought some baked goods to temper the voracious sweet tooth(s) in search of a more powerful sugar-high than could be attained from those tiny plastic cups. I wish I could share more pictures than this crappy little teaser, but unfortunately, dim lighting + rushed snap shots ≠ blog-worthy photography. However, this sample of ginger ice cream is so exceptionally delicious and unlike anything I've had the pleasure of partaking in before, you would really need to taste it for yourself to fully appreciate its complexity. Bright, fresh, and tangy, this pungent and creamy concoction was what a full root ginger would taste like if combined with a rich, sweet pastry cream. With bits of the real thing sprinkled throughout, this spicy concoction sent chills through my spine from delight, not just the cold.
While all good things must come to an end, this party certainly came to a close far before I was ready to pack up and leave though… For a 2 1/2 hour round-trip car ride, it was a matter of 30 minutes before all the sweets had been devoured and the coolers full of ice cream were being carted back out to the vans. It's a shame, really… I just hope that I'll be able to get another taste soon!
For everyone who made it out the other day, it was wonderful to meet you! I hope that the cake, cookies, brownies, and apple crisp were all enjoyed. (Luckily another diligent blogger was able to capture a shot of the goods, if you're curious.) Oh yes, and that apple crisp, the one that I thought would be enough to feel 100 people and still have leftovers, but was the first thing to be polished off? Stay tuned- The recipe will be coming right up!


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Jesus Christ, sometimes I get the hiccups. I don't get them on purpose.
The first day of the Nintendo thing was, as you could probably gather, focused on the DS - but there was free play the next day on every Nintendo platform, and though the coverage of the event was pretty thick it's possible that I focused on some element that someone else didn't.
Before I played Tales of Symphonia, that and Baten Kaitos made me vibrate with anticipated pleasure. I like the feel of a wavebird, and even the standard controller is a departure, and so I relish any opportunity to use one for the kind of extended period an RPG promises. Typically the 'cube pulls Party Game duty, it's rare that I have a real solitary experience with it. Since Tales of Symphonia is compressed hell, all I have left to buoy that fantasy is Baten Kaitos, and from what I saw at the event I was able to relax as much as I'm capable of. It's been suggested that I would prefer that all the objects that surround me were replaced with cards representing those objects, with their statistics and unique properties made explicit - which is an idea that Baten Kaitos takes to heart, with its card based battles and inventory. I had the good fortune of being able to talk to someone who has tested it thoroughly, and I was able to find out some intriguing elements of the combat - like being able to block with attack cards in some instances, using "camera" cards that take snapshots of enemies, and put together "pairs" and other poker hands for bonuses. I found a great post in the Nintendo forums by someone who had imported the game, and obviously his experience is a bit more encyclopedic than my brief dalliance with a highly constrained press demo. You might hit it up.
Metroid Prime 2: Echoes was there, and they drew attention to the fact that the graphics and lighting had improved in this version, and I guess I didn't really see that. I'm not trying to be a graphics snob, either - turning away the steaming dish with an affected gesture, exhorting the waiter to direct further inquiries to my open palm. Metroid Prime looked great. This also looks great. They did show us a suit while we were there, a new suit or at least a new take on a suit that was a radical departure from old interpretations and made me excited to begin earning powerups and jolting space pirates with progressively more potent beams.
A brief note on Metroid's multiplayer: it's a lot more fun than you're expecting. Out of the Deathmatch and Bounty modes, we found ourselves pulled toward Bounty where every hit and kill produces coins that you snatch up and run away with. Unlike Hunters, the DS variant of the series, you can indeed use the lock-on button to center your view on an opponent - but this is no guarantee of victory, as you can easily dodge shots or go into the morph ball which breaks it. It's not the reason to get the game, but there is a spark there which I disregarded even the remote possibility of.
Lord Of The Rangs: Third Age is a multiplatform title, not even locked to the platform we were there to see - but it really needs its own post. I'll handle that later today. I'm going to go through the Pikmin entries and fish out some winners.
(CW)TB out.
i know that you're smart


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|Picture of Chinese premier taken at Mansion House
I am invited to China's youthful Premier Li Keqiang keynote speech in Mansion House.
At a point in his talk, in the coded language of diplomacy, the premier is piqued, gently mocking a very British, even English trait.
He says, I know you Think Tanks like to deal in abstracts. We (Chinese) deal with facts. Previous sentiment from the premier's office have been less guarded.
A day later, there's a need to reflect on Englishness further.
One of my Master's student Li Yang had completed her online assignment in the nick of time to be awarded a merit, but it was the last few passages of her essay that stood out like white peaks of the Andes.
"I always admired the English, but now I know you are shallow minded, are not interested in learning about anything, are lazy and have no interest in anyone else".
For that brief moment, I carried the weight of Englishness in determining whether I should address this off-piste topic, or ignore it. I did the former.
She's not been alone. Almost every year, Chinese students, buoyed by tales of England before they arrive are somewhat crestfallen by the year's end.
The first steps towards correcting alcoholism is to acknowledge you are an alcoholic, according to Alcoholics Anonymous. Yes, the English get drunk on their own sense of superiority, but they have ever reason to: the Magna Carta- the crucible of democracy. Never mind that it was foisted upon the populace.
Its success in wars and meeting aggressors head-on. The English creators or co-creators (according to different narratives) of the beautiful game, gentlemen's game and summer post-coital game (Brideshead) ; Football, Rugby, and Cricket in that order.
The English are wont to feel full of themselves. But is that not what other nations radiate in their national identities? The Italians, Milan and cuisne; the French for their language of rhetoric and comprehending beauty; the Chinese for their work ethic and nay say can't and America for all things "Transformer" size and that psyche that the lines between a porter and president is within reach.
The English, though possess a dissonantly unique trait. Acknowledging their problems, discussing at length its remedies, but painfully not seeing them through.
Its borne out in recommendations in education policy. In the row over schools in Birmingham becoming Trojan horses for Islamic extremism, Ofsted's Sir Michael Wilshaw says he told the education secretary that if you want to conduct a fair assessment of a school it's better not to inform the institution when you intend to visit. Michael Gove MP, apparently ignored this sensible advice.
The Metropolitan Police force have been informed by several bodies and a major enquiry they are institutionally racist. But their current commissioner Bernard Hogan Howe's television interview rejects this. "I hope not. I don't think it's for me to judge", he told ITV News.
The media can see no wrong, even when hacking a missing girl's phone that provided the impression she was still alive, and was seen as repulsive. Leveson's recommendations for change to protect the privacy of individuals has seemingly neither been helpful to press and media barons in the wake of such actions.
In all the last three cases, education, law and order, and media, symptoms of the alcoholic disease is evident, denial of a real problem. For the period these events become newsworthy, they are discussed with the intensity of a grandmaster Chess player's crunch match.
Discuss, deject, damaged (DDD) could be an appropriate slogan. In spite of the realms of discourse, an inevitable dispiriting mist descends on the debate when no action is taken, and in time the damage becomes inevitable.
However, no where is the trenchant genre behaviour observed at a national event, more so, than in the united theme of sport, and in particular the game of football.
And if there is one arena where a drunken man wanders into his first AA to declare he is unfit, listened to, told what to do, but returns drunk again 4 years later to go through the same cycle, as if collective amnesia has gripped the AA meeting, it is the World Cup.
No matter what happens at consecutive World Cups, the formula stays in tact; the result is the same, the cycle of behaviour is unswerving. Cynically you could blame it on the media; they have to, after all, sell newspapers and television spots for advertisers and share holders.
But truthfully, it is that singularity identified by Li Yang. If x = feelings of superiority, then no matter how much it is diminished towards reaching zero, it forever is portrayed as infinity - an infinity of self-belief. This by the way is the formula for resolving infinity.
Today, like previous years the over inebriated soul is spoken to: we have too many internationals in our domestic game, we can't cohere as a team; the rot starts from the playgrounds of 8 years olds hoofing and a roughing the game as Dad Terry stands on the sideline screaming "C'mon ma son ge stuck in there".
Football pundit Garth Crooks on Newsnight said this is not a night for hysteria, rather calm reflection. Whilst the other inteviewee the gorgeous ( er not my phraseology) David Ginola clearly had stronger issues to vent, but restrained himself on live TV.
Notwithstanding the clever selection of pundits for Newsnight, the dichotomous views rather sums up why the English fail to address being 'drunk' on the pitch.
Both pundits agreed England lacks a national identity buttressed against the 3-million population of Uruguay who clearly know there's or the Vorsprung Durch Technik of the Germans. But an equally fallable Achilles is reaching a consensus how to address this malaise running several generations.
My own two bit: groom a selection of strikers to reduce their odds at not fluffing the ball when the goal scoring chance is inevitable and find something which enables English footballers to handle pressure.
With shades of the Oracle's advice to Neo in mind... You don't believe in all this crap. Have a cookie and when you walk away from this you'll feel bright at ray.
Based on fact, the Brits and Englanders are good at creativity e.g. Olympics. Maybe then its management stifling advances. Move over the FA. Or maybe, as an outsider looking in suggests, we're just not good enough anymore.
All grist to my mill. I'm about to present a paper from my doctorate thesis on how to reform television news. It's not as if no one knows the media is broken and others have tended ideas year after year. But broadcasting for the last 50 years has more or less remained the same.
England. We like our traditions. And we like a real pint of beer as well and getting hammered on the weekends.


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This measure shows the all-cause 30-day readmission rate for patients discharged from a previous hospital stay for heart attack.
--Author: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services/The Joint Commission
Reporting time period: 07/01/2014 - 06/30/2017 (Q314 - Q217)
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Jim Cramer Still Steamed About Jon Stewart Being Mean to Him
Manic stock-picking rodeo clown Jim Cramer is a study in lost popularity. When the stock market was roaring, he was funny and loveable; when the economy collapsed, he became a villain, a cartoonish symbol of America's idiocy and excess.
He's also proof that money cannot buy happiness. You're rich, Jim! You have all the money in the world! But he's still incredibly pissed off about being embarrassed on national television by Jon Stewart two years ago. Cramer tells Zev Chafets that he never even saw the beatdown coming:
"As soon as he started, I realized Stewart was on a mission to make me look like a clown. I didn't defend myself because I wasn't prepared. What was I supposed to do, talk about how often I had been right? Praise myself? Get mad? I was mad, but I didn't want to give the audience any blood. The national media said I got crushed, which I did, and made me into a buffoon." He looked at his plate and shook his head. "You have a whole body of work and then - " He signaled the waitress for more coffee. "Stewart was the prosecutor, and I was Exhibit A. But what was the crime? What did I do wrong? I wasn't running Fannie or Freddie. I wasn't in charge at Countrywide. CNBC was completely good. Better than the Department of Justice. What I did every night was call these bad actors out. I sat there with Stewart and thought: He's never even seen my show. He doesn't even know what I do." He paused for a moment. "Obviously I didn't know what he does, either."
This means two things:
1. Jim Cramer was the only man in America who didn't see that coming.
2. Jim Cramer has an extremely low opinion of the Department of Justice.


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Planning Applications
Planning Applications are normally discussed in Full Council Meeting which meets once a month. Details of the meetings are shown in the Council Calendar. The Agenda for the forthcoming meeting is published at least 3 days prior to the meeting.
Whilst the Parish Council considers and comments on all applications affecting the parish, the controlling authority is Bolsover District Council who can choose to take on board or ignore our comments.


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Apr 30, 2009
Apr 28, 2009
Apr 27, 2009
origami, ribbons, a robot,...
Labels: apartments, mieke, things
Apr 26, 2009
slow sunday
Labels: apartments, mieke
Apr 24, 2009
travel game
op 21:48 7 comments:
Apr 23, 2009
mieke visited het mother last tuesday. found these things: a doll made by her mother, called jantje. and a picture of her and her brother from loooong time ago
veronik says thank you for all the nice birthday wishes! it was a good day!
op 08:49 8 comments:
Labels: mieke
Apr 22, 2009
happy birthday!
Apr 21, 2009
op 10:24 8 comments:
Apr 19, 2009
last supper
this is a very very lovely book from koji arai. he graduated in the antwerp fashion academy in 2006 with a lovely collection inspired by pinocchio. the book comes in a box with a pinocchio and a chair. you can see pictures of his collection here.
Apr 18, 2009
another great find from last monday. there are also some examples in the box which look a bit like claire nereims flower calendar.
Apr 17, 2009
Apr 16, 2009
op 14:28 5 comments:
Apr 15, 2009
the honey bear
Apr 13, 2009
bath ball suprise
a friend brought a moomin bath ball from japan. when it was 'melted' in the water, a plastic ball appeared with a little little little my inside. so nice!
op 19:47 7 comments:
Apr 12, 2009
easter breakfast
we had a wonderful easter breakfast with some very nice friends. look at the beautiful egg cups veronik decorated!
op 18:34 3 comments:
Apr 11, 2009
Apr 9, 2009
website of the shop for more!
op 14:59 4 comments:
Apr 8, 2009
hellen van meene
really love these photos. see more of her work here.
op 10:31 1 comment:
Apr 7, 2009
op 19:59 7 comments:
Apr 5, 2009
we finally had the time today to sit together and do the tag. reka, lisen and leen tagged us, long ago. so here we go...
what is your current obsession?
v: space shuttles + fluorecent colours
m: easter decoration
what are you wearing right now?
v: a blue cashmere dress. darkblue cardigan. white shoes.
m: blue pullover. blue cardigan. blue trousers. white shoes.
do you nap a lot?
v+m: never
who was the last person you hugged?
v: koen
m: daniel
what's for dinner?
v+m: salad
what was the last thing you bought?
v: a sailor shirt
m: moomin mug thingumy and bob
what's your favorite weather?
v: cold+ sunny
m: 8-12°, no rain
what's on your bedside table?
v: i don't have one
m: nosespray and lipbalm
say something to the persons who tagged you
lisen: bring us some cinnamon buns!
leen: veel succes in gent!
reka: hi! we love your drawings!
if you could have a house totally paid for, fully furnished anywhere in the world, where would you want it to be?
v: i'm very happy with our house in antwerpen
m: in antwerp
what would you like to get rid of?
v: the plastic roof that covers our garden and keeps away the sun
m: loneliness
If you could make one wish, what would you wish for?
v+m: that the shop will last forever
what did you want to become as a child?
v: counterlady in the supermarket
m: a ballerina
what's your favorite movie?
v: down by law
m: at the moment: harold and maude
what's your favorite tea flavour?
v: lady grey + orange tea
m: don't have a favorite
who would you like to get stuck in a lift with?
v: an elevator technician
m: with someone nice
tell something about your day.
v+m: it's sunday, tne only day of the week the shop is closed and we can meet. so we had some coffees.
op 18:48 6 comments:
Labels: m + v, mieke willems
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Are you the type of person who freaks out the instant that they spot a yellow and black winged creature nearby? If so, maybe you should take a second glance before you run screaming back into the house. That yellow and black creature flying amongst your freshly planted to roses may very well be a flower fly! However, they want you and other predators to think that they are wasps or bees so that they can feast in peace.
Flower flies, also known as hoverflies or syrphid flies, make up the insect family Syrphidae. They get their name from their main source of nutrients – flowers! They, much like bees, feed mainly on nectar and pollen. Their larvae, however, feed of a wide range of foods including other pests. This may seem like it will cause potential pest problems, but in actuality, they are considered natural pest control (much the green products of Northwest Exterminating), in that they prey on insects such as aphids, which cause tens of millions of dollars of damage to crops globally. Additionally, adult aphids are important to the plant pollinating process.
If you would like to the help of flower flies to aid you in pest control, then you should look to companion plants such as buckwheat, chamomile or parsley to attract them. If, however, you'd like a stronger pest control force to protect your home and lawn, then Northwest Exterminating offers all the resources you need.


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Lake Simcoe
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displayed on web pages outside of our domain.
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For more than a year, I've been following the fight my friend Becky's daughter, Kristen, and her family have waged against ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is a tough diagnosis for anyone to receive, but Kristen was diagnosed with a particularly rare and aggressive form of the disease as a student at Appalachian State University.
Kristen received a devastating diagnosis, but she didn't let it destroy her. In fact, she said "this fight with cancer didn't bring me down, but only lifted me up." She has spent the past two years fighting with everything she has -- through 47 rounds of chemo, 3 surgeries and experimental trials at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. But Kristen also used that time to get busy living - intensely, wide open at full throttle -- recently going skydiving! And through it all she has maintained a positive attitude not only keeping herself and her family up for the fight, but also inspiring and uplifting friends and even people she has never met who are following her story.
On June 10th, Kristen's doctor told her she had put up "one hell of a fight," but there was nothing more that could be done. The same day she received this news, Kristen wrote:
This is it. I did put up one hell of a fight. I don't want to feel like I lost though. Cancer did not win. If I had lost, I would've came away empty handed. I am not empty handed. I'm more of a person now than I ever was. It was quite the journey, these past two years. I learned so much. So much about myself and about others. So much about life and how it's suppose to be lived. I met so many amazing people along the way and made lifetime friends. I grew closer to my family and made some of the best memories that I hope will never be forgotten. Some of my best days were spent fighting cancer. Doing things that I probably would have never done if I hadn't been diagnosed.
This is a lesson all of us should learn because none of us are guaranteed a tomorrow. And even those who are blessed with many decades of tomorrows too often let them pass by without truly living.
Over the past two years, Kristen's mother, Becky, has exhibited faith almost beyond my comprehension. She wrote this week,"Its more than I can bare sometimes to not only watch Kristen feeling so sick and in pain, but to watch her Dad and brothers hurting and their hearts breaking," she also wrote about God's love. "I trust and believe in God's great healing power. And I too, like Kristen, never give up and I never stop having faith in what my God can do. I love Him and I know He loves Kristen and He is going to take care of my baby girl in whatever she may be facing."
In Kristen's battle I found an incredible story of faith, strength and determination. Kristen touched my heart and has taught me lessons I hope I will never forget. Please read what this amazing young woman has written about how cancer taught her to live life to its fullest every day.
Cherishing Every Moment
The fear of dying shouldn't be the only thing that makes a person cherish every moment in life. I guess this journey has taught me a lot in the last year. I've learned to cherish every little thing, whether it seems important at the time or not. Truth is, you're never going to get that exact moment back, so enjoy it while you can.
The fear of dying also shouldn't be the only thing that makes a person really live. I'm not talking about the everyday life, same thing day after day. I'm talking about really living. Going out and doing things you never thought you would do. Conquering fears and having the time of your life while doing it. Doing things that you'll never forget as long as you live, whether it be a meticulously planned backpacking trip or a spontaneous trip to the beach. Do the things you really want to do while you still have the ability to do them.
When I was a senior in high school, one of my teachers had my class make a bucket list of things we wanted to accomplish in life. At the time, I didn't take this assignment as seriously as I should have. Now, I see how important a bucket list can be and I really appreciate the importance of that assignment. I've added more things to my bucket list in the past few months then I could have ever imagined. Surprisingly, I'm checking things off one by one, as I accomplish the things I never thought I could or would have even attempted.
I don't take anything for granted these days. I cherish every moment, whether it be alone time when I get to take in the beauty around me or time I spend with family and friends. Cancer is perceived as such a horrible thing, but I guess for me it hasn't been all negative. It's taught me so much and I've met some pretty amazing people along the way. Life is always a journey and I'm growing each and every day.
Kristen recently wrote that she doesn't want anyone to ever say she lost her fight with cancer::
I never want to hear anyone say that I lost my battle with cancer. I did not. I won. I won because I received so much more out of this fight than cancer did. You may have taken my health, my organs, and my body, but you didn't take my spirit, my attitude, or my love. And because of that, I won this fight. Not cancer.
Kristen turned 21 years old a few days ago and received an outpouring of cards and well wishes from both friends and strangers she has moved and inspired.
Lisa Boykin Batts at The Wilson Times has written about Kristen's fight, and most recently about her message to embrace life.


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[SPOILER] Last night, NBC aired the third season finale of The Sing-Off and crowned the winners of the a capella competition. Pentatonix, a five-person ensemble from Arlington, Texas, took home a Sony recording contract and $200,000. Will there be more winners and a fourth season of The Sing-Off or, will the TV series be cancelled instead?
Hosted by Nick Lachey, The Sing-Off began as a short-run series with just four episodes in December of 2009. It did reasonably well (a 2.3 in the 18-49 demographic with 6.9 million viewers) and was cheap to produce so the peacock network brought it back for season two. It returned the following December and was expanded to five episodes. That renewal paid off and the ratings rose 26%, to an average of a 2.9 in the demo with 8.6 million viewers.
NBC decided to take another chance and give The Sing-Off a two-hour timeslot on the fall schedule and 11 episodes. That gamble didn't pay off and the ratings have been terrible.
The Sing-Off began this season with a disappointing 1.9 rating in the demographic with 5.3 million viewers. The numbers never got any better they dropped as low as a 1.3 rating, less than half of its worst demo rating last season. The show's consistently been in fourth place in its timeslot and has lost 40% in the demo season-to-season.
The reality competition is the second-highest non-scripted show on the network but, given the state of the rest of NBC's schedule, that's not saying much.
Will NBC cancel The Sing Off? If the network were in better shape, of course they would. As things are, I suspect NBC will bring it back for another season but give it either a summer or holiday run, when competition and expectations are far lower.
In retrospect, they probably shouldn't have messed with the success they'd been having with it.
But, what do you think? Should Sing-Off return for another season or are you done with it?
Image courtesy NBC.


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Ph.D. UCLA, 1972
Selected Publications
Iraq After the Muslim Conquest (1983).
"Landholding and Social Change: Lower al-'Iraq in the Early Islamic Period," in T. Khalidi, Land Tenure and Social Transformation in the Middle East (Beirut, 1984), 209-22.
The History of al-Tabari,, Vol. XVIII, Between Civil Wars: The Caliphate of Mu'awiyah (Albany, 1987).
"The Arabisation of the Gulf," in B.R. Pridham, ed., The Arab Gulf and the Arab World (London: Croom Helm, 1988), 3-28.
"The Age of Conversions: A Reassessment," in M. Gervers and J. Bikhazi, eds., Conversion and Continuity. Indigenous Christian Communities in Islamic Lands, Eighth to Eighteenth centuries (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1990), 135-50.
"Commerce in Early Islamic Iraq," asiem afrika latein amerika, 20 (1993), 699-720
"Land Use and Settlement Patterns in Late Sasanian and Early Islamic Iraq," in G.R.O. King and Averil Cameron, The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, II Land Use and Settlement Patterns (Princeton: Darwin Press, 1994), 221-29
"Michael the Syrian as a Source for Economic History," Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 3, no. 2 (July 2000)
Near Eastern History


text:
Governor John Kasich, a Republican, repeated his insistence that God wants Ohio to expand Medicaid when reporters brought up the topic on June 18. Kasich suggested anyone who opposes Medicaid expansion will have to answer for their opposition when they die.
Gov. Kasich said he recently told a state legislator, "I respect the fact that you believe in small government. I do too. I also happen to know that you're a person of faith."
"Now, when you die and get to the, get to the, uh, to the meeting with St. Peter, he's probably not gonna ask you much about what you did about keeping government small, but he's going to ask you what you did for the poor," Kasich said. "Better have a good answer."
Video of the governor's remarks is available courtesy of Marc Kovac at Ohio Capital Blog.
Kasich leaned heavily on his Christian faith to push the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) Medicaid expansion during his February 19 State of the State address, implying the only options were to dramatically increase entitlement spending or leave Ohio's poor "out in the street."
Also during his State of the State address – and in numerous appearances after – the governor misled legislators, the press, and the public about how PPACA Medicaid expansion funding works.
For months, Kasich has claimed billions in new federal spending would consist entirely of "Ohio's tax dollars" and warned that "Ohio's" PPACA Medicaid expansion funds will go to other states if the General Assembly rejects the expansion, inaccurately insisting nothing can stop PPACA spending.
Ohio's legacy media have made no effort to hold Gov. Kasich accountable for those false statements, much as reporters have done nothing to scrutinize claims from health care lobbying groups that the state needs to expand Medicaid.
A transcript of Governor Kasich's June 18 comments to the press follows.
"I mean, all of these bills are in, and I've made it clear to them that we need it. I mean, here I'm talking to a business group, talking about how important it is. It'll either be in the budget or it'll be later but I just wanna make it clear: I will not give up this fight till we get this done, period, exclamation point."
"I've, I've, I've, I've pleaded, I've argued, I've presented, it's what it is in this business, so… I'm not gonna give this up, I will not. I don't care how long it takes, hopefully it'll be sooner rather than longer, I'm gonna do my best. And I'm being, as I told you last week, Joe, sometimes pleasantly persistent, and maybe persistent without all the pleasantness. I mean, we just have to get this done."
"Ya know, because people are poor doesn't mean they don't work hard. Because people are poor doesn't mean that – it sometimes means they couldn't pull themselves up by their bootstraps at some point in time. The most important thing for this legislature to think about: put yourself in somebody else's shoes."
"Put yourself in the shoes of a mother and a father with an adult child that's struggling. Walk in somebody else's moccasins. Understand that, ya know, poverty is real, and that when people are poor… I'll tell ya somethin', I had a; I had a comment; I had a conversation with a, one of the leaders… wasn't one of the leaders, but one of the members of the legislature the other day."
"I said, 'I respect the fact that you believe in small government. I do too. I also happen to know that you're a person of faith. Now, when you die and get to the, get to the, uh, to the meeting with St. Peter, he's probably not gonna ask you much about what you did about keeping government small, but he's going to ask you what you did for the poor. Better have a good answer.'"
"I can't go any harder than that! I got nothing left than that, so… and I wanna compliment Jan Brewer, the gov- the conservative governor of Arizona, um, nobody would've ever thought… and so, this is not a support of Obamacare, this a support of helping our communities, our health care systems, the poor, the disabled, the addicted, and the mentally ill. That's what this is about, and we need to do it as Ohioans."
This story originally appeared at Media Trackers.