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Afghanistan · 11 June 2008 · 5 min
Khorog, Tajikistan and Naryn, Kyrgyz Republic, 6-8 July 2004 - President Emomali Rahmonov of Tajikistan, joined His Highness the Aga Khan, Imam (spiritual leader) of the Ismaili Muslims on 6th July, in laying the foundation stone of the Khorog campus in Tajikistan - the first of three campuses of the University of Central Asia (UCA). The Vice-President of Afghanistan, Nematullah Shahrani also attended the ceremony. The second campus of the UCA was inaugurated in Naryn, Kyrgyz Republic on 8th July, by His Excellency the Prime Minister of Kyrgyz Republic, Mr. Tanaev, in the presence of Prince Amyn Aga Khan and Governor Salymbekov.
Mountain regions almost everywhere experience extreme poverty and isolation as well as constraints on the range of opportunities that may be available to those living in urban centres or those living in agricultural flat lands. The goal of the UCA is to serve the 40 million people who live in the mountain regions of Central Asia by fostering economic and social development.
Private, secular and non-profit, the UCA may be characterised as a "development university". Its faculty will teach and undertake research in fields and disciplines that are relevant to mountain economies and societies.
"We are celebrating the foundation of a unique institution," said the Aga Khan. "By creating intellectual space and resources, the University will bring the power of education and human ingenuity to the economic and social challenges of mountain societies in Central Asia and elsewhere."
Much has been done since the ratification of the UCA Treaty signed by the Aga Khan and the Presidents of Tajikistan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Kazakhstan. Whilst the three campuses already offer practical, continuing education courses in temporary premises, architects have been commissioned for the construction of permanent premises. The design process has started under the care of award-winning architect Arata Isozaki of Japan, who will lead the process with support from Sasaki Associates of the USA, who will develop the three campus sites. A University Park will be a prominent feature of the campuses and will provide leisure spaces and facilities for both the students and the local community.
"Forming and sustaining young faculty from within the region will be a major undertaking, but indispensable if the University is to become part of the societies and cultures of the region." said the Aga Khan. "The most promising teachers and scholars from this region, young Tajiks, Kyrgyz and Kazakhs will be identified and offered opportunities for additional training so that they master the latest approaches to teaching and research in the fields required by a new curriculum" he added.
The UCA will offer three academic programmes:
A Post-Graduate School of Development offering a Master of Arts degree in multiple areas that define the lives of mountain peoples. This umbrella structure will house a series of institute programmes in which a common grounding in subjects such as market economics and civil society will lead to programmes of study and research that culminate in a Master's degree within the Post-Graduate School of Development.
A School of Undergraduate Studies offering a Bachelor's degree based on the liberal arts and sciences and designed to educate men and women for a wide range of leadership roles in government, business, education, culture, or the delivery of social services.
A School of Continuing Education offering non-degree courses in local languages to mid-career professionals, civil servants, businessmen and women, and leaders of civil society organizations. It will also offer programmes for older learners and the general public in practical areas relevant to economic and social development.
"There are two measures of success of any university," concluded the Aga Khan. "The careers of its graduates, and the quality of research, which is carried out in the universities and then is used for the benefit of the communities that the university serves."
The third campus of the UCA, in Tekeli, Kazakhstan will be inaugurated later this summer.
For further information, please contact:
Sam Pickens Information Officer Aga Khan Development Network PO Box 2049 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 909 7277 Fax: +41 22 909 7292 E-mail: email@example.com Website: www.akdn.org
The Information Department Aiglemont 60270 Gouvieux Telephone: +220.127.116.11.40.00 Fax: +18.104.22.168.42.79 E-mail: email@example.com
Notes: The founders of the UCA are President Akayev of Kyrgyzstan, President Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan, President Rahmonov of Tajikistan and His Highness the Aga Khan. In 1997, an International Commission was formed to plan a University, and in 2000 the International Treaty establishing the University was signed by the founders and subsequently ratified by the parliaments of the three countries.
The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) is a group of private development agencies working to empower communities and individuals, often in disadvantaged circumstances, to improve living conditions and opportunities, especially in Central and South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The Network's agencies work for the common good of all citizens, regardless of their gender, origin or religion. Its underlying impulse is the ethic of compassion for the vulnerable in society. Its annual budget for philanthropic activity is in excess of US$230 million.
The AKDN has, since 1993, launched a number of successful initiatives in Central Asia in areas ranging from agrarian reform to education, infrastructure, healthcare, micro-credit, small enterprise development and cultural revitalisation. These include the creation of rural support programmes in Tajikistan and the Kyrgyz Republic, curriculum development for universities in the region through the Aga Khan Humanities Project, promotion and preservation of musical traditions of the region through the Aga Khan Music Initiative, educational support for students, faculty and university resources for training in a variety of disciplines ranging from English language, and Economics to Architecture and Computer-Aided Design. Cultural and social development initiatives have been enhanced by support for health and education sector reform and formal collaboration with the United Nations, five Central Asian republics and Russia in regional drug control programmes. The Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED), in collaboration with other international investors has established the Kyrgyz Investment and Credit Bank the country's largest commercial bank. In collaboration with the IFC, AKDN operates the Pamir Energy Company, which operates one of the largest power projects in the region.
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Mastani, a warrior queen who was prepared to fight till the last breath and sacrifice herself for the love of her life, Rao. Watch the electrifying new dialogue promo from Bajirao Mastani.
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St Thomas of Villanova Parish, Castel Gandolfo
Wednesday, 15 August 2007
Dear Brothers and Sisters,
In his great work De Civitate Dei, St Augustine says once that the whole of human history, the history of the world, is a struggle between two loves: love of God to the point of losing oneself, of total self-giving, and love of oneself to the point of despising God, of hating others. This same interpretation of history as a struggle between two loves, between love and selfishness, also appears in the reading from the Book of Revelation that we have just heard.
Here, these two loves appear in two great figures. First of all, there is the immensely strong, red dragon with a striking and disturbing manifestation of power without grace, without love, of absolute selfishness, terror and violence.
At the time when St John wrote the Book of Revelation, this dragon represented for him the power of the anti-Christian Roman Emperors, from Nero to Domitian. This power seemed boundless; the military, political and propagandist power of the Roman Empire was such that before it, faith, the Church, appeared as a defenceless woman with no chance of survival and even less of victory.
Who could stand up to this omnipresent force that seemed capable of achieving everything? Yet, we know that in the end it was the defenceless woman who won and not egoism or hatred; the love of God triumphed and the Roman Empire was opened to the Christian faith.
The words of Sacred Scripture always transcend the period in history. Thus, not only does this dragon suggest the anti-Christian power of the persecutors of the Church of that time, but also anti-Christian dictatorships of all periods.
We see this power, the force of the red dragon, brought into existence once again in the great dictatorships of the last century: the Nazi dictatorship and the dictatorship of Stalin monopolized all the power, penetrated every corner, the very last corner. It seemed impossible in the long term that faith could survive in the face of this dragon that was so powerful, that could not wait to devour God become a Child, as well as the woman, the Church. But also in this case, in the end love was stronger than hate.
Today too, the dragon exists in new and different ways. It exists in the form of materialistic ideologies that tell us it is absurd to think of God; it is absurd to observe God's commandments: they are a leftover from a time past. Life is only worth living for its own sake. Take everything we can get in this brief moment of life. Consumerism, selfishness and entertainment alone are worthwhile. This is life. This is how we must live. And once again, it seems absurd, impossible, to oppose this dominant mindset with all its media and propagandist power. Today too, it seems impossible to imagine a God who created man and made himself a Child and who was to be the true ruler of the world.
Even now, this dragon appears invincible, but it is still true today that God is stronger than the dragon, that it is love which conquers rather than selfishness.
Having thus considered the various historical forms of the dragon, let us now look at the other image: the woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, surrounded by 12 stars. This is also a multidimensional image.
Without any doubt, a first meaning is that it is Our Lady, Mary, clothed with the sun, that is, with God, totally; Mary who lives totally in God, surrounded and penetrated by God's light. Surrounded by the 12 stars, that is, by the 12 tribes of Israel, by the whole People of God, by the whole Communion of Saints; and at her feet, the moon, the image of death and mortality.
Mary has left death behind her; she is totally clothed in life, she is taken up body and soul into God's glory and thus, placed in glory after overcoming death, she says to us: Take heart, it is love that wins in the end!
The message of my life was: I am the handmaid of God, my life has been a gift of myself to God and my neighbour. And this life of service now arrives in real life. May you too have trust and have the courage to live like this, countering all the threats of the dragon.
This is the first meaning of the woman whom Mary succeeded in being. The "woman clothed with the sun" is the great sign of the victory of love, of the victory of goodness, of the victory of God; a great sign of consolation.
Yet, this woman who suffered, who had to flee, who gave birth with cries of anguish, is also the Church, the pilgrim Church of all times. In all generations she has to give birth to Christ anew, to bring him very painfully into the world, with great suffering. Persecuted in all ages, it is almost as if, pursued by the dragon, she had gone to live in the wilderness.
However, in all ages, the Church, the People of God, also lives by the light of God and as the Gospel says is nourished by God, nourishing herself with the Bread of the Holy Eucharist. Thus, in all the trials in the various situations of the Church through the ages in different parts of the world, she wins through suffering. And she is the presence, the guarantee of God's love against all the ideologies of hatred and selfishness.
We see of course that today too the dragon wants to devour God who made himself a Child. Do not fear for this seemingly frail God; the fight has already been won. Today too, this weak God is strong: he is true strength.
Thus, the Feast of the Assumption is an invitation to trust in God and also to imitate Mary in what she herself said: Behold, I am the handmaid of the Lord; I put myself at the Lord's disposal.
This is the lesson: one should travel on one's own road; one should give life and not take it. And precisely in this way each one is on the journey of love which is the loss of self, but this losing of oneself is in fact the only way to truly find oneself, to find true life.
Let us look to Mary, taken up into Heaven. Let us be encouraged to celebrate the joyful feast with faith: God wins. Faith, which seems weak, is the true force of the world. Love is stronger than hate.
And let us say with Elizabeth: Blessed are you among women. Let us pray to you with all the Church: Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen.
© Copyright 2007 - Libreria Editrice Vaticana
Copyright © Dicastero per la Comunicazione - Libreria Editrice Vaticana


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Best Five Tips And Hints For Getting Cheaper Home Insurance
Article by Star Keesee
Each of us look at our home insurance differently, I'd personally say it's quite essential to have it, but you could say you can do without it. No matter what you think of home insurance protection, the most important thing almost all really want is to get the expense of it down, as opposed to giving up the cover altogether. Not renewing your policy isn't a sensible choice it's simply too high-risk. A handful of uncomplicated things can help you toward your cheaper home insurance. It might appear weird to those that do, but many individuals basically don't shop around and compare deals when it comes to their own insurance coverage.
Right, let us get down to the detail of just how to acquire your cheaper home insurance. I mentioned earlier that shopping around and doing comparisons is a great way to save, but be sure to get lots of insurance quotes and check the important points. Be sure your comparisons are on packages which are nearly the same or you will not get a correct comparison. Is your residence protected, have you got good locks on all your windows and doors, have you got a security alarm system fitted. If you don't have those items in place then you will want to look at them as they bring insurance premiums downwards in direction of your cheaper home insurance.
One component of insurance plans that's frequently ignored is the excess, if you can set it greater than your insurer advises it could actually cut some money off your premium. Look at grouping some of your insurance items, speak to a single insurance firm for all of them and see what special discounts are offered, this one thing can cut quite a considerable amount off your annual rates. One more thing you can think about is your yearly premium; you might be paying more for your insurance if you pay once a month as insurance companies charge you a service charge for the credit. These easy steps can get you well along the way to your cheaper home insurance ever.
We consider security of our dwellings, and yet do we actually give some thought to damage on account of defective domestic plumbing in baths and showers. Over the twelve month of 2010 the expense of claims for break-ins was 50 % that of claims for water damage which was around about the £730 million number (from the Association of British Insurers). Damage brought about to our houses and the items inside them is widespread it would appear nonetheless we quite possibly don't give it any thought, undertaking checks as the weather turns wintry is a clever move in addition to dealing with minor situations when they occur. Your cheaper home insurance certainly won't be intensely cheap however you may make some excellent cost savings if you consider the discount rates made available.
Searching for the cheaper home insurance is easy, there are many deals offered to new clients, therefore changing insurance companies is usually a great move. A very important thing to try and do is constantly re-evaluate your needs and continue to keep your insurance company up to date with any kind of variations however trivial. Not keeping an insurance provider informed may lead to them declining to pay up a claim. Always have a look at small print and keep your eyes open for alternative discounts, especially at the time your renewal is anticipated. Through using these measures you could see your cheaper home insurance just within reach.
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Information is key when getting your home insurance sorted and the more you have the better. http://homeinsurancecomparisonuk.co.uk/
For those who require further information with regards to cheaper home insurance you ought to utilise a little time on our site http://homeinsurancecomparisonuk.co.uk/
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Probiotics and Digestive Enzymes: Incredible Gut Health Benefits
This blog does not intend to provide diagnosis...
In this article:
- Major Causes of Chronic Intestinal Symptoms or Leaky Gut:
- Some Holistic Solutions:
- Why are so many people suffering from Gastrointestinal issues?
- Non-GUT Diseases That May Also Improve With Use of Probiotics:
- A History on Probiotics
- How Probiotics Can Help
- Researched Bacterial Strains Used in Probiotics:
- Beneficial Yeast Strains
- Use of Digestive Enzyme Supplementation as an Alternative to Probiotics
- Commonly Used Digestive Enzymes and Their Uses
- Gut Health Is Not One Size Fits All
Does your gut feel like a warzone? For many, the answer is yes. In the United States, surveys have shown that more than half of American adults suffer from chronic gut and stomach discomfort. Other studies show similar numbers throughout Asia, Russia, and Europe. Many individuals can find a partial or complete resolution of many gut issues by changing one's diet, consuming probiotics and/or supplementing with digestive enzymes. We will discuss the benefits of each.
More than 2,000 years ago, Hippocrates stated: "All diseases begin in the gut". Not only is it important to understand the root cause of the gut problem, but also how probiotics and digestive enzymes can help restore balance.
Major Causes of Chronic Intestinal Symptoms or Leaky Gut:
- Overgrowth of harmful gut bacteria
- Food allergies and food sensitivities
- Digestive enzyme insufficiency
Some Holistic Solutions:
- Dietary changes: Avoid food which triggers symptoms (dairy, wheat, corn, and soy are most common)
- Use of strain-specific probiotics to increase gut bacteria diversity
- Digestive enzyme supplementation to help nutrient absorption
Why are so many people suffering from Gastrointestinal issues?
Today's leading theories propose that most digestive issues are a result of rapid changes to environment, foods, and agriculture. These changes, along with new approaches to food processing have affected the composition of our diet, food quantity intake and the quality of our food, which predisposes us to food allergies and food intolerances. Most doctors would agree that we are definitely seeing more problems than in generations past.
Food manufacturers are using more pesticides, antibiotics, growth hormones and other "innovations" to improve product yield. However, this is not without consequence. It is believed that humans have not evolved at a fast-enough pace to keep up with the more rapid changes to our foods.
Further, overuse of antibiotics in both humans and animals, when not required, and over-reliance on acid reducers are contributing factors which may also harm gut health.
This creates imbalances that lead to inflammation in the gut and can induce or worsen many different gastrointestinal maladies. Some suggest we need to go back to the eating style of our hunter-gatherer ancestors. This is a common argument for those who promote the paleo (paleolithic) diet or primal diet.
Over the last decade, we have learned a lot regarding the importance of a well-functioning digestive system. Even medical conditions such as Acid reflux, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Crohn's Disease, Celiac Disease, and Ulcerative Colitis are now believed to be due to changes in nutrition and gut microbiota.
Studies show that supplementing with probiotics not only can positively affect our microbiota but may also benefit conditions not traditionally associated with gut health.
Non-GUT Diseases That May Also Improve With Use of Probiotics:
- Anxiety and Depression
- Allergies and Autoimmune diseases
- Heart disease
- Hypertension
- High Cholesterol
- Insulin resistance, prediabetes & diabetes
- Kidney disease
- Obesity and overweight
A History on Probiotics
The use of fermented foods and their potential benefits has been a long pondered in the scientific community. Mankind has been consuming fermented products since 10,000 BCE, and they were often consumed for health benefits.
Some of the earliest research on probiotics was conducted by Elie Metchnikoff in 1905, where she found that the Bulgarian population she studied had increased longevity due to its use of fermented milk products. The first historical account of a probiotic being isolated was in 1917, where Alfred Nissle isolated a strain of E. coli which had some protective benefits. We have also realized that prebiotics, which are the foods our gut bacteria consume, are also very important to our health.
As a response to their growing popularity, probiotics supplements and interest in the gut microbiota have become extensively studied by the scientific community. With this influx in research, there is now overwhelming evidence showing that the use of probiotic supplements can not only positively affect the health of the gut, but the health of the whole body.
How Probiotics Can Help
The underlying medical problems that probiotic supplementation is intended to treat is known as "dysbiosis." Dysbiosis is basically a state in which our gut loses the important diversity of the thousands of bacterial strains that colonize our gut and keep us healthy.
In addition, our fast-food diet and aging are also affecting our gut. We also know that babies who are born via cesarean section and who may not have been breastfed have a different gut than those born vaginally and who are breastfed.
Once a unique bacterial species in our gut is lost, it is oftentimes lost permanently or at best, may take months or years to recover. No matter how much one changes their lifestyle, they may not fully recover the diversity of their gut bacteria without the use of probiotic supplements.
Once the harmful triggers are removed, probiotics can help improve the health of the gut by repopulating the good gut bacteria and restoring balance to the intestinal gut community.
While probiotics can be sold as individual strains, many available formulas contain a combination of various strains such as those listed below. The recommended dose frequently ranges from 5 billion units up to 100 billion units. Many start low and increase to higher doses as time progresses. This may be simpler for the digestive system.
Researched Bacterial Strains Used in Probiotics:
Beneficial Yeast Strains
Use of Digestive Enzyme Supplementation as an Alternative to Probiotics
As mentioned above, another way to combat food intolerances is to use digestive enzyme supplements. The main philosophy behind the use of digestive enzyme supplements that they break down food ingredients that may not be well tolerated, into more easily digestible substances. The goal is to help one avoid the common side effects of gas, bloating or diarrhea. While avoiding the food trigger is ideal, sometimes, this is not always possible.
While probiotics have a more generalized benefit, such as restoring gut bacteria; Treating gut issues with digestive enzymes has a very narrow breadth of therapeutic focus. The goal of digestive enzyme supplementation is the breakdown of poorly tolerated or poorly digested foods.
Currently, the use of digestive enzymes is not as medically endorsed as probiotic supplementation, but multiple studies have shown it to help alleviate gastrointestinal diseases such as IBS and bloating due to poorly tolerated foods.
As it stands, I would encourage digestive enzyme supplementation to anyone who is still having difficulties with chronic abdominal discomfort, especially after trials of various probiotics. It is also common that one takes both a probiotic supplement and digestive enzyme.
Commonly Used Digestive Enzymes and Their Uses
- Dairy Enzymes (lactase) – help one who is sensitive to dairy. Breaks down lactose molecules to prevent symptoms of lactose intolerance
- Proteolytic Enzymes (bromelain, papain) – help break down protein
- Gluten Enzymes – help breakdown gluten
- Lipase: breaks down fats, may reduce fatty stools
- Alpha-Galactosidase: "Beano", breaks down fermentable sugars and reduces bloating
Gut Health Is Not One Size Fits All
Seeking answers to the question "why do I have so much trouble with gut health?" can be difficult to answer. The origin for many is likely multifactorial and there is no "one size fits all" approach. The gut is a fantastically complex organ system – when considering the microbiome, there is no other part of the body that can approach this level of complexity, perhaps with the exception of the brain.
The human body has approximately 25, 000 different genes that dictate its entire makeup. Yet, we currently know of over 3.3 million unique genes that exist within our gut microbiome, which serves a testament to why there is much about the gut that is not fully understood. As time goes on, I am certain we will continue to learn more about
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- Kaur, Nirmal, et al. "Intestinal Dysbiosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Gut Microbes, vol. 2, no. 4, 2011, pp. 211–216., doi:10.4161/gmic.2.4.17863.
- Sniffen, Jason C., et al. "Choosing an Appropriate Probiotic Product for Your Patient: An Evidence-Based Practical Guide." Plos One, vol. 13, no. 12, 2018, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209205.
- Ianiro, Gianluca, et al. "Digestive Enzyme Supplementation in Gastrointestinal Diseases." Current Drug Metabolism, vol. 17, no. 2, 2016, pp. 187–193., doi:10.2174/138920021702160114150137.
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When swirled together with a brush, the palette works more like a summer highlighter than a bronzer. In the picture below, I applied it all over my face, with targeted application on the cheeks and jawline. Burberry Sheer Summer Glow provides a light veil of color to "hone" the face.
Wednesday, May 9, 2012
Burberry 'Sheer Summer Glow' Natural Highlighting Compact
When swirled together with a brush, the palette works more like a summer highlighter than a bronzer. In the picture below, I applied it all over my face, with targeted application on the cheeks and jawline. Burberry Sheer Summer Glow provides a light veil of color to "hone" the face.
21 comments:
Aargh people, stop tempting me! I already! have a million things on my wish list and way too many bronzers to ever finish!ReplyDelete
Love what this does to your cheekbones. Definitely very defined!
As beautiful as hightlighters are, I just can't get that into them, as least not enough to drop a lot of dough on it. This is a gorgeous palette though and I love the way you used it as a bronzer. I wouldn't be able to pull off a shimmery bronzer, but it looks beautiful on you!ReplyDelete
it looks amazing!ReplyDelete
I'm waiting for this one to come in :) after Blooms and now you, I definitely want to check it out. Btw I tried the Guerlain shimmer blush thing, was sorely tempted. Maybe soon. It won't sell out so fast here I think (hope)ReplyDelete
Looks beautiful on you Wandz! I like that word, "hone". :)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMay 9, 2012 at 12:26 PM
OUCH THEM CHEEKZ THEM CHEEKZ!!!ReplyDelete
Gorgeous on you!! I can hardly wait for mine!
this is seriously so pretty! and you are absolutely gorgeous btw!ReplyDelete
I don't have any Burberry items...and after seeing this, I'm totally tempted to try this. However, due to the price tag, I want to make sure that I'm going to use this. Just wondering, does the pink show up as blush very well on your skin tone (I'm also Asian)? We're going to Hawaii in a few weeks, and if I get this, I wanted to get away with maybe not packing an extra blush. Thanks!ReplyDelete
Sunny- it's *limited edition* Burberry, Sunny!ReplyDelete
Sidney- Thanks! I'm the opposite for highlighters. I would invest in the really good ones because I think the texture is particularly important (many end up emphasizing pores etc.), but I'm the type of girl who enjoys shading more than playing with colors :)
merivstxell- it really is!
Paris- \o/ I don't think it's limited edition, though?
Geeks- Sharpen those cheeks! Lol.
Trakee- HAHAHA. Yes!
Niki- Thank you!
Lesley- You should try them! Their cheek powders are lovely. Unfortunately, the pink in this palette isn't strictly a blush shade. It barely differs from my skin color :( Have fun in Hawaii!
i think it looks god smack stunning on you!!!! u are all tempting me to get this!!!!!!!! but so many bronzers what to do??ReplyDelete
Seriously I need to get this! You make this looks very beautiful :) There are many great bronzers released in Summer 2012 and this is definitely one of them!ReplyDelete
I feel like I've been waiting absolutely FOREVER for mine to arrive. I'm SO super-excited! I started to get a little worried that it would be too sheer for my light to medium skin tone, but it looks fab on you and I have a similar coloring--so yay!ReplyDelete
I knew I shouldn't have looked. This palette is gorgeous and perfect, as are your cheekbones! Burberry is in that price range that I have been very good about not breaking into, but you make it so hard D:ReplyDelete
Haha you looked gorgeous in this photo shoot!ReplyDelete
Also, I can't believe that you are not wearing foundation - I really really think you can forgo that step if you look like that with just a concealer and highlighter powder! :D
I don't know, if I like it or not, lol. I think it will be too dark as a highlighter for me but I already have so many bronzers, hmmm. but the texture should be what I expect from burberry: pigmented and smooth xReplyDelete
Amazing - I should check this out at Duty Free!ReplyDelete
A couple weeks late but still, I just picked this up a week ago. I couldn't resist; it's *so* beautiful and I'm pale enough that I think it'll work really nicely with my skin tone. Sadly I haven't had much of a chance to play with it yet! *pouts*ReplyDelete
I wasn't certain that I wanted to get this product, but am sooo happy that I did! Thank you for this review. I hadn't until now considered using only one of the shades as I've been using the entire palette (light swirl). I'm not honestly certain as the actual effect but I feel quite 'luxurious' after using it. I personally love the scent of the powder ... again just the feeling it gives one:) Kind of like pulling on a cashmere sweater! oxo CareReplyDelete
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This Evaporator looks very good, I am ready to start buy a vape kits , but currently in the screening, this vape brands is also one of my choiceReplyDelete
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Pro Maxima FW147 Solid Oak Center Platform 8' x 8'
by Pro Maxima
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The FW-147 Solid Oak center platform 8' x 8' features:
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Dimensions: 102" L x 102" W x 2" H
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Author by Camille Di Maio
Genre : Brothers and sisters
Editor : Lake Union Publishing
Type Books : PDF & Epub
File Pages : 0
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Julianne Westcott was living the kind of life that other Protestant girls in prewar Liverpool could only dream about: old money, silk ball gowns, and prominent young men lining up to escort her. But when she learns of a blind-and-deaf brother, institutionalized since birth, the illusion of her perfect life and family shatters around her. While visiting her brother in secret, Julianne meets and befriends Kyle McCarthy, an Irish Catholic groundskeeper studying to become a priest. Caught between her family's expectations, Kyle's devotion to the Church, and the intense new feelings that the forbidden courtship has awakened in her, Julianne must make a choice: uphold the life she's always known or follow the difficult path toward love. But as war ripples through the world and the Blitz decimates England, a tragic accident forces Julianne to leave everything behind and forge a new life built on lies she's told to protect the ones she loves. Now, after twenty years of hiding from her past, the truth finds her--will she be brave enough to face it?


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Computer vision
Computer vision
Computer vision is an interdisciplinary scientific field that deals with how computers can be made to gain high-level understanding from digital images or videos. From the perspective of engineering, it seeks to automate tasks that the human visual system can do.[1][2][3]
Computer vision tasks include methods for acquiring, processing, analyzing and understanding digital images, and extraction of high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g. in the forms of decisions.[4][5][6][7] Understanding in this context means the transformation of visual images (the input of the retina) into descriptions of the world that can interface with other thought processes and elicit appropriate action. This image understanding can be seen as the disentangling of symbolic information from image data using models constructed with the aid of geometry, physics, statistics, and learning theory.[8]
As a scientific discipline, computer vision is concerned with the theory behind artificial systems that extract information from images. The image data can take many forms, such as video sequences, views from multiple cameras, or multi-dimensional data from a medical scanner. As a technological discipline, computer vision seeks to apply its theories and models for the construction of computer vision systems.
Sub-domains of computer vision include scene reconstruction, event detection, video tracking, object recognition, 3D pose estimation, learning, indexing, motion estimation, and image restoration.[6]
Computer vision is an interdisciplinary field that deals with how computers can be made to gain high-level understanding from digital images or videos. From the perspective of engineering, it seeks to automate tasks that the human visual system can do.[1][2][3] "Computer vision is concerned with the automatic extraction, analysis and understanding of useful information from a single image or a sequence of images. It involves the development of a theoretical and algorithmic basis to achieve automatic visual understanding."[9] As a scientific discipline, computer vision is concerned with the theory behind artificial systems that extract information from images. The image data can take many forms, such as video sequences, views from multiple cameras, or multi-dimensional data from a medical scanner.[10] As a technological discipline, computer vision seeks to apply its theories and models for the construction of computer vision systems.
In the late 1960s, computer vision began at universities that were pioneering artificial intelligence. It was meant to mimic the human visual system, as a stepping stone to endowing robots with intelligent behavior.[11] In 1966, it was believed that this could be achieved through a summer project, by attaching a camera to a computer and having it "describe what it saw".[12][13]
What distinguished computer vision from the prevalent field of digital image processing at that time was a desire to extract three-dimensional structure from images with the goal of achieving full scene understanding. Studies in the 1970s formed the early foundations for many of the computer vision algorithms that exist today, including extraction of edges from images, labeling of lines, non-polyhedral and polyhedral modeling, representation of objects as interconnections of smaller structures, optical flow, and motion estimation.[11]
The next decade saw studies based on more rigorous mathematical analysis and quantitative aspects of computer vision. These include the concept of scale-space, the inference of shape from various cues such as shading, texture and focus, and contour models known as snakes. Researchers also realized that many of these mathematical concepts could be treated within the same optimization framework as regularization and Markov random fields.[14] By the 1990s, some of the previous research topics became more active than the others. Research in projective 3-D reconstructions led to better understanding of camera calibration. With the advent of optimization methods for camera calibration, it was realized that a lot of the ideas were already explored in bundle adjustment theory from the field of photogrammetry. This led to methods for sparse 3-D reconstructions of scenes from multiple images. Progress was made on the dense stereo correspondence problem and further multi-view stereo techniques. At the same time, variations of graph cut were used to solve image segmentation. This decade also marked the first time statistical learning techniques were used in practice to recognize faces in images (see Eigenface). Toward the end of the 1990s, a significant change came about with the increased interaction between the fields of computer graphics and computer vision. This included image-based rendering, image morphing, view interpolation, panoramic image stitching and early light-field rendering.[11]
Recent work has seen the resurgence of feature-based methods, used in conjunction with machine learning techniques and complex optimization frameworks.[15][16]. The advancement of Deep Learning techniques has brought further life to the field of computer vision. The accuracy of deep learning algorithms on several benchmark computer vision data sets for tasks ranging from classification, segmentation and optical flow has surpassed prior methods.
Related fields
Artificial intelligence
Areas of artificial intelligence deal with autonomous planning or deliberation for robotical systems to navigate through an environment. A detailed understanding of these environments is required to navigate through them. Information about the environment could be provided by a computer vision system, acting as a vision sensor and providing high-level information about the environment and the robot.
Artificial intelligence and computer vision share other topics such as pattern recognition and learning techniques. Consequently, computer vision is sometimes seen as a part of the artificial intelligence field or the computer science field in general.
Information engineering
Solid-state physics
Solid-state physics is another field that is closely related to computer vision. Most computer vision systems rely on image sensors, which detect electromagnetic radiation, which is typically in the form of either visible or infra-red light. The sensors are designed using quantum physics. The process by which light interacts with surfaces is explained using physics. Physics explains the behavior of optics which are a core part of most imaging systems. Sophisticated image sensors even require quantum mechanics to provide a complete understanding of the image formation process.[11] Also, various measurement problems in physics can be addressed using computer vision, for example motion in fluids.
A third field which plays an important role is neurobiology, specifically the study of the biological vision system. Over the last century, there has been an extensive study of eyes, neurons, and the brain structures devoted to processing of visual stimuli in both humans and various animals. This has led to a coarse, yet complicated, description of how "real" vision systems operate in order to solve certain vision-related tasks. These results have led to a subfield within computer vision where artificial systems are designed to mimic the processing and behavior of biological systems, at different levels of complexity. Also, some of the learning-based methods developed within computer vision (e.g. neural net and deep learning based image and feature analysis and classification) have their background in biology.
Some strands of computer vision research are closely related to the study of biological vision – indeed, just as many strands of AI research are closely tied with research into human consciousness, and the use of stored knowledge to interpret, integrate and utilize visual information. The field of biological vision studies and models the physiological processes behind visual perception in humans and other animals. Computer vision, on the other hand, studies and describes the processes implemented in software and hardware behind artificial vision systems. Interdisciplinary exchange between biological and computer vision has proven fruitful for both fields.[19]
Signal processing
Yet another field related to computer vision is signal processing. Many methods for processing of one-variable signals, typically temporal signals, can be extended in a natural way to processing of two-variable signals or multi-variable signals in computer vision. However, because of the specific nature of images there are many methods developed within computer vision which have no counterpart in processing of one-variable signals. Together with the multi-dimensionality of the signal, this defines a subfield in signal processing as a part of computer vision.
Other fields
Beside the above-mentioned views on computer vision, many of the related research topics can also be studied from a purely mathematical point of view. For example, many methods in computer vision are based on statistics, optimization or geometry. Finally, a significant part of the field is devoted to the implementation aspect of computer vision; how existing methods can be realized in various combinations of software and hardware, or how these methods can be modified in order to gain processing speed without losing too much performance. Computer vision is also used in fashion ecommerce, inventory management, patent search, furniture, and the beauty industry.
The fields most closely related to computer vision are image processing, image analysis and machine vision. There is a significant overlap in the range of techniques and applications that these cover. This implies that the basic techniques that are used and developed in these fields are similar, something which can be interpreted as there is only one field with different names. On the other hand, it appears to be necessary for research groups, scientific journals, conferences and companies to present or market themselves as belonging specifically to one of these fields and, hence, various characterizations which distinguish each of the fields from the others have been presented.
Computer graphics produces image data from 3D models, computer vision often produces 3D models from image data.[20] There is also a trend towards a combination of the two disciplines, e.g., as explored in augmented reality.
The following characterizations appear relevant but should not be taken as universally accepted:
Image processing and image analysis tend to focus on 2D images, how to transform one image to another, e.g., by pixel-wise operations such as contrast enhancement, local operations such as edge extraction or noise removal, or geometrical transformations such as rotating the image. This characterization implies that image processing/analysis neither require assumptions nor produce interpretations about the image content.
Computer vision includes 3D analysis from 2D images. This analyzes the 3D scene projected onto one or several images, e.g., how to reconstruct structure or other information about the 3D scene from one or several images. Computer vision often relies on more or less complex assumptions about the scene depicted in an image.
Machine vision is the process of applying a range of technologies & methods to provide imaging-based automatic inspection, process control and robot guidance[21] in industrial applications.[19] Machine vision tends to focus on applications, mainly in manufacturing, e.g., vision-based robots and systems for vision-based inspection, measurement, or picking (such as bin picking[22]). This implies that image sensor technologies and control theory often are integrated with the processing of image data to control a robot and that real-time processing is emphasised by means of efficient implementations in hardware and software. It also implies that the external conditions such as lighting can be and are often more controlled in machine vision than they are in general computer vision, which can enable the use of different algorithms.
There is also a field called imaging which primarily focuses on the process of producing images, but sometimes also deals with processing and analysis of images. For example, medical imaging includes substantial work on the analysis of image data in medical applications.
Finally, pattern recognition is a field which uses various methods to extract information from signals in general, mainly based on statistical approaches and artificial neural networks. A significant part of this field is devoted to applying these methods to image data.
Photogrammetry also overlaps with computer vision, e.g., stereophotogrammetry vs. computer stereo vision.
Applications range from tasks such as industrial machine vision systems which, say, inspect bottles speeding by on a production line, to research into artificial intelligence and computers or robots that can comprehend the world around them. The computer vision and machine vision fields have significant overlap. Computer vision covers the core technology of automated image analysis which is used in many fields. Machine vision usually refers to a process of combining automated image analysis with other methods and technologies to provide automated inspection and robot guidance in industrial applications. In many computer-vision applications, the computers are pre-programmed to solve a particular task, but methods based on learning are now becoming increasingly common. Examples of applications of computer vision include systems for:
Automatic inspection, e.g., in manufacturing applications;
Assisting humans in identification tasks, e.g., a species identification system;[23]
Controlling processes, e.g., an industrial robot;
Detecting events, e.g., for visual surveillance or people counting;
Interaction, e.g., as the input to a device for computer-human interaction;
Modeling objects or environments, e.g., medical image analysis or topographical modeling;
Navigation, e.g., by an autonomous vehicle or mobile robot; and
Organizing information, e.g., for indexing databases of images and image sequences.
One of the most prominent application fields is medical computer vision, or medical image processing, characterized by the extraction of information from image data to diagnose a patient. An example of this is detection of tumours, arteriosclerosis or other malign changes; measurements of organ dimensions, blood flow, etc. are another example. It also supports medical research by providing new information: e.g., about the structure of the brain, or about the quality of medical treatments. Applications of computer vision in the medical area also includes enhancement of images interpreted by humans—ultrasonic images or X-ray images for example—to reduce the influence of noise.
A second application area in computer vision is in industry, sometimes called machine vision, where information is extracted for the purpose of supporting a manufacturing process. One example is quality control where details or final products are being automatically inspected in order to find defects. Another example is measurement of position and orientation of details to be picked up by a robot arm. Machine vision is also heavily used in agricultural process to remove undesirable food stuff from bulk material, a process called optical sorting.[24]
Military applications are probably one of the largest areas for computer vision. The obvious examples are detection of enemy soldiers or vehicles and missile guidance. More advanced systems for missile guidance send the missile to an area rather than a specific target, and target selection is made when the missile reaches the area based on locally acquired image data. Modern military concepts, such as "battlefield awareness", imply that various sensors, including image sensors, provide a rich set of information about a combat scene which can be used to support strategic decisions. In this case, automatic processing of the data is used to reduce complexity and to fuse information from multiple sensors to increase reliability.
One of the newer application areas is autonomous vehicles, which include submersibles, land-based vehicles (small robots with wheels, cars or trucks), aerial vehicles, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The level of autonomy ranges from fully autonomous (unmanned) vehicles to vehicles where computer-vision-based systems support a driver or a pilot in various situations. Fully autonomous vehicles typically use computer vision for navigation, e.g. for knowing where it is, or for producing a map of its environment (SLAM) and for detecting obstacles. It can also be used for detecting certain task specific events, e.g., a UAV looking for forest fires. Examples of supporting systems are obstacle warning systems in cars, and systems for autonomous landing of aircraft. Several car manufacturers have demonstrated systems for autonomous driving of cars, but this technology has still not reached a level where it can be put on the market. There are ample examples of military autonomous vehicles ranging from advanced missiles to UAVs for recon missions or missile guidance. Space exploration is already being made with autonomous vehicles using computer vision, e.g., NASA's Mars Exploration Rover and ESA's ExoMars Rover.
Other application areas include:
Support of visual effects creation for cinema and broadcast, e.g., camera tracking (matchmoving).
Tracking and counting organisms in the biological sciences[25]
Typical tasks
Each of the application areas described above employ a range of computer vision tasks; more or less well-defined measurement problems or processing problems, which can be solved using a variety of methods. Some examples of typical computer vision tasks are presented below.
Computer vision tasks include methods for acquiring, processing, analyzing and understanding digital images, and extraction of high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g., in the forms of decisions.[4][5][6][7] Understanding in this context means the transformation of visual images (the input of the retina) into descriptions of the world that can interface with other thought processes and elicit appropriate action. This image understanding can be seen as the disentangling of symbolic information from image data using models constructed with the aid of geometry, physics, statistics, and learning theory.[8]
The classical problem in computer vision, image processing, and machine vision is that of determining whether or not the image data contains some specific object, feature, or activity. Different varieties of the recognition problem are described in the literature:
Object recognition (also called object classification) – one or several pre-specified or learned objects or object classes can be recognized, usually together with their 2D positions in the image or 3D poses in the scene. Blippar, Google Goggles and LikeThat provide stand-alone programs that illustrate this functionality.
Identification – an individual instance of an object is recognized. Examples include identification of a specific person's face or fingerprint, identification of handwritten digits, or identification of a specific vehicle.
Detection – the image data are scanned for a specific condition. Examples include detection of possible abnormal cells or tissues in medical images or detection of a vehicle in an automatic road toll system. Detection based on relatively simple and fast computations is sometimes used for finding smaller regions of interesting image data which can be further analyzed by more computationally demanding techniques to produce a correct interpretation.
Currently, the best algorithms for such tasks are based on convolutional neural networks. An illustration of their capabilities is given by the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge; this is a benchmark in object classification and detection, with millions of images and hundreds of object classes. Performance of convolutional neural networks, on the ImageNet tests, is now close to that of humans.[26] The best algorithms still struggle with objects that are small or thin, such as a small ant on a stem of a flower or a person holding a quill in their hand. They also have trouble with images that have been distorted with filters (an increasingly common phenomenon with modern digital cameras). By contrast, those kinds of images rarely trouble humans. Humans, however, tend to have trouble with other issues. For example, they are not good at classifying objects into fine-grained classes, such as the particular breed of dog or species of bird, whereas convolutional neural networks handle this with ease.
Several specialized tasks based on recognition exist, such as:
Content-based image retrieval – finding all images in a larger set of images which have a specific content. The content can be specified in different ways, for example in terms of similarity relative a target image (give me all images similar to image X), or in terms of high-level search criteria given as text input (give me all images which contains many houses, are taken during winter, and have no cars in them).
Pose estimation – estimating the position or orientation of a specific object relative to the camera. An example application for this technique would be assisting a robot arm in retrieving objects from a conveyor belt in an assembly line situation or picking parts from a bin.
Optical character recognition (OCR) – identifying characters in images of printed or handwritten text, usually with a view to encoding the text in a format more amenable to editing or indexing (e.g. ASCII).
2D code reading – reading of 2D codes such as data matrix and QR codes.
Facial recognition
Shape Recognition Technology (SRT) in people counter systems differentiating human beings (head and shoulder patterns) from objects
Motion analysis
Several tasks relate to motion estimation where an image sequence is processed to produce an estimate of the velocity either at each points in the image or in the 3D scene, or even of the camera that produces the images . Examples of such tasks are:
Egomotion – determining the 3D rigid motion (rotation and translation) of the camera from an image sequence produced by the camera.
Tracking – following the movements of a (usually) smaller set of interest points or objects (e.g., vehicles, humans or other organisms[25]) in the image sequence.
Optical flow – to determine, for each point in the image, how that point is moving relative to the image plane, i.e., its apparent motion. This motion is a result both of how the corresponding 3D point is moving in the scene and how the camera is moving relative to the scene.
Scene reconstruction
Given one or (typically) more images of a scene, or a video, scene reconstruction aims at computing a 3D model of the scene. In the simplest case the model can be a set of 3D points. More sophisticated methods produce a complete 3D surface model. The advent of 3D imaging not requiring motion or scanning, and related processing algorithms is enabling rapid advances in this field. Grid-based 3D sensing can be used to acquire 3D images from multiple angles. Algorithms are now available to stitch multiple 3D images together into point clouds and 3D models.[20]
Image restoration
The aim of image restoration is the removal of noise (sensor noise, motion blur, etc.) from images. The simplest possible approach for noise removal is various types of filters such as low-pass filters or median filters. More sophisticated methods assume a model of how the local image structures look, to distinguish them from noise. By first analysing the image data in terms of the local image structures, such as lines or edges, and then controlling the filtering based on local information from the analysis step, a better level of noise removal is usually obtained compared to the simpler approaches.
An example in this field is inpainting.
System methods
The organization of a computer vision system is highly application-dependent. Some systems are stand-alone applications that solve a specific measurement or detection problem, while others constitute a sub-system of a larger design which, for example, also contains sub-systems for control of mechanical actuators, planning, information databases, man-machine interfaces, etc. The specific implementation of a computer vision system also depends on whether its functionality is pre-specified or if some part of it can be learned or modified during operation. Many functions are unique to the application. There are, however, typical functions that are found in many computer vision systems.
Image acquisition – A digital image is produced by one or several image sensors, which, besides various types of light-sensitive cameras, include range sensors, tomography devices, radar, ultra-sonic cameras, etc. Depending on the type of sensor, the resulting image data is an ordinary 2D image, a 3D volume, or an image sequence. The pixel values typically correspond to light intensity in one or several spectral bands (gray images or colour images), but can also be related to various physical measures, such as depth, absorption or reflectance of sonic or electromagnetic waves, or nuclear magnetic resonance.[24]
Pre-processing – Before a computer vision method can be applied to image data in order to extract some specific piece of information, it is usually necessary to process the data in order to assure that it satisfies certain assumptions implied by the method. Examples are: Re-sampling to assure that the image coordinate system is correct. Noise reduction to assure that sensor noise does not introduce false information. Contrast enhancement to assure that relevant information can be detected. Scale space representation to enhance image structures at locally appropriate scales.
Feature extraction – Image features at various levels of complexity are extracted from the image data.[24] Typical examples of such features are: Lines, edges and ridges. Localized interest points such as corners, blobs or points.
- More complex features may be related to texture, shape or motion.
Detection/segmentation – At some point in the processing a decision is made about which image points or regions of the image are relevant for further processing.[24] Examples are: Selection of a specific set of interest points. Segmentation of one or multiple image regions that contain a specific object of interest. Segmentation of image into nested scene architecture comprising foreground, object groups, single objects or salient object parts (also referred to as spatial-taxon scene hierarchy),[27] while the visual salience is often implemented as spatial and temporal attention. Segmentation or co-segmentation of one or multiple videos into a series of per-frame foreground masks, while maintaining its temporal semantic continuity.[28][29]
High-level processing – At this step the input is typically a small set of data, for example a set of points or an image region which is assumed to contain a specific object.[24] The remaining processing deals with, for example: Verification that the data satisfy model-based and application-specific assumptions. Estimation of application-specific parameters, such as object pose or object size. Image recognition – classifying a detected object into different categories. Image registration – comparing and combining two different views of the same object.
Decision making Making the final decision required for the application,[24] for example: Pass/fail on automatic inspection applications. Match/no-match in recognition applications. Flag for further human review in medical, military, security and recognition applications.
Image-understanding systems
Image-understanding systems (IUS) include three levels of abstraction as follows: low level includes image primitives such as edges, texture elements, or regions; intermediate level includes boundaries, surfaces and volumes; and high level includes objects, scenes, or events. Many of these requirements are really topics for further research.
The representational requirements in the designing of IUS for these levels are: representation of prototypical concepts, concept organization, spatial knowledge, temporal knowledge, scaling, and description by comparison and differentiation.
While inference refers to the process of deriving new, not explicitly represented facts from currently known facts, control refers to the process that selects which of the many inference, search, and matching techniques should be applied at a particular stage of processing. Inference and control requirements for IUS are: search and hypothesis activation, matching and hypothesis testing, generation and use of expectations, change and focus of attention, certainty and strength of belief, inference and goal satisfaction.[30]
There are many kinds of computer vision systems; however, all of them contain these basic elements: a power source, at least one image acquisition device (camera, ccd, etc.), a processor, and control and communication cables or some kind of wireless interconnection mechanism. In addition, a practical vision system contains software, as well as a display in order to monitor the system. Vision systems for inner spaces, as most industrial ones, contain an illumination system and may be placed in a controlled environment. Furthermore, a completed system includes many accessories such as camera supports, cables and connectors.
Most computer vision systems use visible-light cameras passively viewing a scene at frame rates of at most 60 frames per second (usually far slower).
A few computer vision systems use image-acquisition hardware with active illumination or something other than visible light or both, such as structured-light 3D scanners, thermographic cameras, hyperspectral imagers, radar imaging, lidar scanners, magnetic resonance images, side-scan sonar, synthetic aperture sonar, etc. Such hardware captures "images" that are then processed often using the same computer vision algorithms used to process visible-light images.
While traditional broadcast and consumer video systems operate at a rate of 30 frames per second, advances in digital signal processing and consumer graphics hardware has made high-speed image acquisition, processing, and display possible for real-time systems on the order of hundreds to thousands of frames per second. For applications in robotics, fast, real-time video systems are critically important and often can simplify the processing needed for certain algorithms. When combined with a high-speed projector, fast image acquisition allows 3D measurement and feature tracking to be realised.[31]
Egocentric vision systems are composed of a wearable camera that automatically take pictures from a first-person perspective.
As of 2016, vision processing units are emerging as a new class of processor, to complement CPUs and graphics processing units (GPUs) in this role.[32]
See also
Computational imaging
Computational photography
Machine vision glossary
Space mapping
Teknomo–Fernandez algorithm
Visual system
Visual perception
Vision science
Egocentric vision
Visual agnosia
List of computer vision topics
List of emerging technologies
Outline of artificial intelligence


text:
Surrender - Release Blitz
Book Title: Surrender
Author: Lisa Renee Jones
Genre: Romantic Suspense
Release Date: January 9, 2017
Hosted by: Book Enthusiast Promotions
New York Times bestselling author Lisa Renee Jones returns with the third book in the sexy, suspenseful Careless Whispers series.
Passion burns fiercely hot between Ella Ferguson and Kayden Wilkens, the man who held secrets and lies in his hands, and then allowed them to fall into hers. But even though he has become her anchor--helping her recover from amnesia after finding her unconscious in an alley, and allowing her into his secret world--all is not what it seems. Kayden still has secrets, and pieces of Ella's past are still shrouded in the darkness of her mind, while the powerful man who hunts her will not stop until she is his. In this final, explosive novel in the Careless Whispers series, Ella discovers that while her life with Kayden didn't begin in that dark alley...it could easily end there.
In addition to the success of Lisa's INSIDE OUT series, she has published many successful titles. The TALL, DARK AND DEADLY series and THE SECRET LIFE OF AMY BENSEN series, both spent several months on a combination of the New York Times and USA Today bestselling lists. Lisa is presently working on a dark, edgy new series, Dirty Money, for St. Martin's Press.
Prior to publishing Lisa owned multi-state staffing agency that was recognized many times by The Austin Business Journal and also praised by the Dallas Women's Magazine. In 1998 Lisa was listed as the #7 growing women owned business in Entrepreneur Magazine.
Lisa loves to hear from her readers. You can reach her at www.lisareneejones.com and she is active on Twitter and Facebook daily.
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February 2021


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Is where geeks hang out to discuss techno- stuff. And also where i've eard some of the funniest shit in the world.
It's funny to think about who actually comes to ATOT, because the stereotype is a bunch of nerds with glasses and bad acne and who speak in real-life rpg language. The funny part is that most people are just normal people on here and aren't at all like that, though we've all got some inner nerd otherwise we wouldn't be at ATOT.
by newParadime October 30, 2004
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a place where 99% of the members are: virgin males, who will never get laid and drool all over the .5% of the 1% of females that are attention whores.
by Tabetha January 7, 2004


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Magic Related Themes
Please contact the site admin if you have questions about this Wiki. Admin can also be contacted in the case of new page suggestions, page errors, site abuse or typos.
A special thanks to all the players who have volunteered time and ideas to the wiki!
You can contact game admin at moc.liamg|sdompuorgsiseneg#moc.liamg|sdompuorgsiseneg
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Thanks to the coffee maker SkyCoffee M1505S-E you don't need to go to your kitchen to brew coffee! You can control the coffee maker remotely from the next room or from across the world*!
The Ready for Sky mobile app on your smartphone enables you to select the coffee grinding degree in the built-in coffee maker and start coffee brewing. When the drink is ready the SkyCoffee will send you a notification. If you don't have time to enjoy your coffee right away by setting the carafe heating duration and enjoy a hot drink at any time!
*With the free R4S Gateway mobile app installed on home Android-based smartphone/tablet.
Ready for Sky. Expand the boundaries of your freedom.


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Diego Fazio, also known as artist DiegoKoi, was born in Lamezia Terme, Italy in 1989. He enters the world of art as a self-taught artist, who quickly developed a precise and refined technique. He began by drawing the Koi, a variety of carp from ancient China that was introduced to Japan. The Koi carp, in Japanese popular culture, is a symbol of love and friendship. In China, legend tells of a courageous and perseverant carp that managed to climb the waterfalls located at Dragon Gate, overcoming obstacles and evil spirits. The gods, impressed by its courage, transformed the carp into a dragon. Eventually, the carp became the symbol of those who aspire to do great things and are not afraid to face adversity. The young artist was fascinated with this carp and decided to include the word "Koi" in his name, which helped him find the motivation and the strength to continue on his journey, initially focusing on the eyes and faces of his subjects. DiegoKoi's art, at first concentrated on drawings of Japanese style tattoos but over time as he developed his technique and rediscovered the delicacy and beauty of shading, set aside the coarse features of tattoos and focused on hyperrealism. As he developed, he turned his focus on drawing the human form, while giving it his own personal touch, which is expressed within each subject through carefully crafted lines that give rise to elastic, compact
figures and are supported by the shading and imagination of the
artist. This technique transforms the work into a mixture of real and unreal. DiegoKoi's ability to perceive the many shades of chiaroscuro, influences the artist to create contrasts, which touch the audience's soul. He begins with the enhancement of feminine traits, bringing out the psyche of women through their eyes and folds of their faces, leaving the viewer to investigate the silent emotions being expressed. Next, he focuses on exposing faces that seem to scream with the despair and anger of present day society. With his unique ability and the characteristic elements of his technique, Diegokoi was able to make himself known in many areas of his native country. He has displayed his works at several exhibitions and has gained the recognition of 'Audience Award Best Artist NonFermarti 2011' and 'Award painting section NonFermarti 2011' that was accepted in person in the province of Cosenza at the artistic event NonFermarti 2011. In March 2012, among approximately 7000 participants from around the world, DiegoKoi was nominated for 'International Art Award Laguna of Venice 2012' with his work 'Sentenza'. In the same year, he was nominated and was a finalist of one of the most prestigious awards in Italy, the 'Cairo Award' of Milan, with his work 'Raptus'. The beginning of 2013 coincided with DiegoKoi's media explosion, as he won the emerging artist award at the international contest 'Limen' of Vibo Valentia with his work 'Luccicanza'. On January 25th, 2013, he launched his first international exhibition, entitled 'Sensations' (which is the name of his most famous work), in Singapore, at the prestigious international gallery Raffian Art (Singapore/ Russia/ Israel). On May 21th, 2013, DiegoKoi participated in 'Wonder Works' in Hong Kong edited by 'The cat street gallery' on Hollywood Road. In June 2013, he participated in his first action painting in Milan, at the historic store, Crespi and in August 2013, he performed in another action painting in Lucerne, Switzerland. Subsequently, on November 7th 2013, through the association 'Sanado Heridas A.C' several of DiegoKoi's works were donated to a charity auction to help disadvantaged children in Mexico. On November 15th 2013, Diegokoi participated in person at another charity auction, at the court of Prince Albert of Monaco with his wife Princess Charlene, for the association 'Monaa against autism', founded by the Princess, to help children suffering from autism. On November 30th 2013, DiegoKoi's exhibition launched at the Italian gallery 'BeCause Art Space', attended by numerous fans. To launch a new year in his career, on January 11th 2014, DiegoKoi participated in a collective exhibition at the renowned gallery 'Jonathan Levine Gallery' and most recently, on May 17th 2014, DiegoKoi participated in an action painting in Florence at the 'Lory Art store'.
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SRD:Improved Flyby Attack
From D&D Wiki
|This material is published under the OGL 1.0a.
Improved Flyby Attack [General]
Fly speed, Dodge, Flyby Attack, Mobility.
If the standard action taken by a creature during a round in which it uses Flyby Attack is a melee attack, the creature provokes no attacks of opportunity from moving out of squares threatened by its target.
Without this feat, a creature making an attack as part of a Flyby Attack maneuver provokes attacks of opportunity as normal from moving out of squares threatened by its target.
Back to Main Page → 3.5e Open Game Content → System Reference Document→ Feats


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Is there a way to make
cp (from GNU coreutils on Linux) return a nonzero value in case the target file does already exist?
Or is there any other small utility which is commonly available and which provides this functionality?
This would be useful in shell scripts, to atomically copy a file without accidentially loosing anything, and without user interaction. A similar result can be obtained by comparing the copy against the original, but I would have hoped for a simpler solution.


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Enlightening report from testing arm of IT analyst firm Enterprise Strategy Group: Agile and Efficient Software-defined Storage from Acronis.
ESG Lab confirms that software-defined storage (SDS) platform Acronis Storage is easy to use, proven, agile, cost-efficient, and scalable, outperforming the competition by 100%-300%.
Download this report to learn how Acronis Storage delivers unified block, file, and object storage in a single, scale-out, hybrid cloud solution at one-sixth the cost of either traditional in-house storage or public cloud storage.