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I'd be hard-pressed to imagine a less simple life than the one we lived in our last few years of work, before we retired at the end of last year. Nearly every moment was scheduled, we were glued to our screens virtually the entire day, and we relied on things like convenience foods to keep us fed when we were too busy with work to shop or cook.
We knew we were this close to reaching our dream of early retirement, but we felt very far from living the life we aspired to live.
Of course we had some big things going for us that made it all feel worth it, not the least of which was being able to save so quickly thanks to above average incomes and none of the expenses that come with kids. Surely the lightning-fast progress made it all more tolerable. As did living in our dream spot in the mountains. Even on the most dreary conference call, I could look out my window and see a tiny sliver of Sierra granite and those majestic Jeffrey pines. And the drive I called my "commute" — from our home in Tahoe to the Reno airport, for the flights I took every week — really couldn't be more beautiful. That stretch of I-80 that traces the Truckee River canyon is spectacular, and I can't imagine ever getting sick of it. Plus there was that whole matter of having erased all money stress years earlier after we'd accumulated enough to count ourselves as financially secure.
So things for sure could've been worse. Really, they weren't even bad, except during the worst of 2016. But we still felt a distance between our then-present life and our biggest priorities:
Time to unplug. Time to get outside. Time to spend with friends and family. Time to be present with each other.
Everything we yearned for was about time, but also about prioritizing what was most important to us with the time we had, something we weren't always great at while working in our careers.
What we craved most truly was a simpler life, a concept I resisted for some time. I've never liked trendy concepts like minimalism and militant decluttering and hygge and [insert any other buzzword that makes good clickbait here]. But there's no other way to describe it. We wanted to have days when we could be entirely offline instead of having seven hours of back-to-back calls, or a 3 a.m. wake-up call for a 5:30 a.m. flight followed by presentations at 9 a.m. and noon, a client lunch, a client coffee, a client dinner and then a midnight flight home. (I am not exaggerating. I had dozens of days like that.)
It's the same thing so many of us crave in response to the ever-increasing pressure to be more and more productive at work, a trend that is unsustainable unless we all turn part-bionic. And that's what I finally realized: our desire to slow down and make time for our priorities didn't have to fit the mold of some Instagram buzzword to be valid.
It was up to us to define for ourselves what our simpler life should look like.
Psst. I finally made an archive page for Our Next Life where you can peruse every single post on the site. You can see posts by month and year, or scan the whole list of posts, including in the early days when they were all lowercase! Check out the archive here.
Simple Living Isn't About Perfection (Though It May Seem Like It Is)
This is something I had to come to terms with myself. First, there's the conflation of simple living with minimalism, the concept that some interpret to mean having as few possessions as possible, an idea that interests us very little. We have more pieces of outdoor gear alone than the number of possessions many minimalists own in total, and that's before you've even left our garage. We aren't uber-consumers and never have been, but we like having books around, for example. And we value having a space in which we feel comfortable. The concept of minimalism has never felt like it fits us, even if we do adhere to so many of its tenets, like not spending money on things that don't add value to our life, and not being wasteful generally. Mostly minimalism just felt too prescriptive (and too judgy if you don't "do it right"), and so by extension, the notion of simple living felt like it wasn't for us either.
A big part of that is the imagery that's out there. Almost all the pictures you see from people professing the value of minimalism or simple living fall into two categories:
1. Pristine white decor with no clutter whatsoever
2. Everything beautifully homemade
In other words, perfection. Either perfection in austerity or perfection in handcrafting your entire life, neither of which felt achievable — or desirable — for us. We love making things, but we don't want to have to make everything. I'll happily pay someone else to make me mittens that are waterproof and that will keep my icicle fingers warm when I'm skiing, even if they're less beautiful than hand-knitted mittens would be. And I've made my own almond milk and tofu before, along with countless other staples, and I get no deep joy from it. (Also, it's a terrible value. It's so much cheaper to buy those things. Growing your own sprouts, however? An incredible value.) As for that perfect, clutter-free interior? Sure, maybe I could achieve that if I spent all my time cleaning and tidying instead of doing the things I actually value like getting into the mountains.
In other words, aiming for someone else's definition or depiction of simple living or minimalism would actually pull us farther away from the simpler life that we craved, which was about giving ourselves more time even if that meant buying some things we could make and letting a little dust pile up.
That was my light bulb moment that it was up to us to define our own simpler life.
Simple Living Is Whatever You Decide to Make It
A few years ago, I wrote a post called Living Simply with Plenty of Stuff, which was my insistence that you can live a simple life without having to give away every nonessential belonging and move into a 200-square-foot tiny house. Because I really do believe this: there's no one right way to live simply.
The only way to do it wrong is to aim for someone else's definition and to toss out your own priorities in the process, like if I'd focused on decluttering instead of skiing more.
The way I started thinking about it is: Simple living isn't about how your life looks, it's how it feels.
It may not look perfectly Instagrammable or hashtaggable, but if you feel like you have time and space to breathe and time to spend on what's most important to you, that's all that matters.
For Us, It's Simpler Living, Not Simple Living
Like with everything in life right now, I expect this definition to keep evolving for us, but right now we're not aiming for simple living at all. We're aiming for simpler living. The certainty of the "simple" descriptor feels more fixed and finite than we want right now, and we like that "simpler" suggests more of a continuum, an acknowledgment that this will be a long and ongoing process to improve and refine our life to strip away the non-essential in favor of what we value most.
Having lived all those working years at pretty much peak unsimplicity (that's totally a word), getting a little simpler each month of early retirement feels like a big win for us. Barely looking at our phones in Taiwan was definitely movement toward simpler. Not setting an alarm clock most days is much, much simpler. Having whole days with no scheduled commitments and many fewer deadlines and constraints feels like peak simplicity for now, even if we still have a long way to go to really feel fully retired.
In some ways, at this moment in our early retirement, we're suffering from too many options. On a given day, I could write for the blog, read a book, bake some bread and make some soup, go skiing, meet up with friends for coffee, go grocery shopping or any other of a multitude of potential tasks. When we were working, our choices were more limited and our imperatives were more clear. We could only ski on the weekends, so of course we'd ski if there was snow. Or perhaps we were out of food and had no choice but to go shopping. Now, nothing is ever imperative (except skiing on a powder day, of course!), which ironically feels less simple because we have to make more choices. They're good choices, and choices we are excited to make, but it's an important reminder to stay focused on what we value most instead of letting our old work habits dictate what we do when. It's a reminder that simplicity isn't a fixed state, but rather it's a choice you keep making every day, one decision at a time. We're working on retraining our brains to make the choices that support our life vision.
So for now, we don't expect perfection and we know we won't get this right all the time. We're just looking to simplify bit by bit, a little at a time. Maybe not simple, but simpler.
The Giveaway: Liz's New Book!
My friend Liz, who many of you surely know as Mrs. Frugalwoods, has written a memoir about her and her family's journey to financial independence through — as the theme of this post has already given away — simple living. It's not a how-to guide, but a deeply personal telling of how Liz and her family came to live out their dream of a simple life on a homestead in the woods of Vermont, complete with much more backstory than she's shared on Frugalwoods. And while they may be self-professed frugal weirdos whose frugal ways may look at times to be awfully perfect, Liz's goal in writing the book is to provide inspiration for how you can live more simply and achieve your dreams your way, not to dictate that theirs is the one right way to do it.
One of the ways that I always plan to spend according to my values is to buy books written by friends, even if they also want to give me a copy. (My actual rule: "Never be so cheap that I won't support a friend, especially when we're only talking about the cost of a book.") So I happily bought Liz's book, and if you want to as well, here's a link. (<– affiliate link, FYI)
And, I'm excited to share with you guys that Liz's publisher has decided to give not one, but TWO, copies of the book to Our Next Life readers, because y'all are the best and you deserve it.
To enter, all you have to do is comment on this post. (And if you want to comment and don't want to enter, just mention that.) The contest will close Friday, March 9, at midnight Pacific time. The two winners will be randomly selected from entries received by that time. You know how this works. :-)
Good luck!
UPDATE: The contest is now closed, but commenting is still open.
How Do You Define Simple Living?
So let's discuss — what does simple living mean to you? Or do you see it as we do, that it's more of a progression, and an ongoing effort to simplify, not a fixed state? (Simpler instead of simple.) And do you see your definition of simple living as something you can live while working and saving, or does it require you to be financially independent first? Why or why not? Any other thoughts on simplicity, minimalism and all the related trends that you'd care to share here? All thoughts welcome in the comments!
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Categories: we've learned


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Planned mass protests in Egypt echo Cairo's Tahrir Square uprising
Ultras play cat and mouse
By James M. Dorsey
Egyptian President Mohammed Morsi and militant, street battle-hardened soccer fans, in a replay of the run-up to mass protests two years ago that ousted Hosni Mubarak are positioning themselves for planned watershed mass demonstrations for and against the government this weekend.
In a statement almost identical to the one they issued on January 24, 2011, the eve of 18 days of protests that toppled Mr. Mubarak, Ultras Ahlawy, the militant support group of crowned Cairo club Al Ahli SC that played a key role in the former president's overthrow, said this week that as an organization it would not participate in the demonstrations on the anniversary of Mr. Morsi's ascendancy as Egypt's first freely elected president, but that its members were free to do so.
The statement insisted that that Ultras Ahlawy was a group of soccer fans "that has nothing to do with politics." It said the group had decided "not to get involved in politics again after realizing that the opposition doesn't care about the country but simply aims to rule."
Militant Egyptian soccer fans, who constitute one of Egypt's largest civic groups, have a history of publicly defining themselves as non-political and as a group refusing to openly underwrite political protests. Ultras leaders told their tens of thousands of followers privately two years ago after officially declaring that they would not take part in the Tahrir Square uprising that the protests were the litmus test they had been preparing for and that they were free to participate.
The tactic employed by similar groups in Turkey and elsewhere was designed to shield soccer fan groups from being exposed to allegations that they were political organizations and as a result more vulnerable to government attempts to suppress them. 74 members of Ultras Ahlawy were killed last year in a politically loaded brawl in the Suez Canal city of Port Said.
Ultras Ahlawy as well as the Ultras White Knights (UWK), the supporters of Cairo arch rival Al Zamalek SC, and fans of two other Egyptian clubs last weekend stormed stadiums where there clubs were playing in protests against a ban on fans attending soccer matches. Egypt's league that restarted in February after a one-year suspension in the wake of Port Said has again been suspended in advance of this weekend's protests. Zamalek coach Jorvan Vieira announced that he was taking extended leave because of Egypt's mounting volatility.
This weekend's protests were organized by ad hoc grassroots group Tamarud (Rebel) that hopes to commemorate Mr. Morsi's anniversary with a million-man march on the presidential palace. Tamarud has reportedly collected 15 million signatures, two million more than the 13 million votes the president garnered a year ago, on a petition demanding Mr. Morsi's resignation and new elections.
The petition that a significant number of militant soccer fans are believed to have signed, takes Mr. Morsi to task for his failure to tackle the country's economic crisis, dispel fears that he is pursuing an Islamist agenda, and his haughty style of government that many see as a continuation of Mubarak's authoritarianism. It calls on the military and the judiciary in violation of the constitution to lead the country to new elections.
In an echo of terminology used by Mr. Mubarak and more recently Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan to denounce their detractors, Mr. Morsi said that the interior ministry had established a special unit to combat thuggery. The ministry controls the police and the security forces that are among Egypt's most hated institutions because of their execution of the Mubarak-era repression and the deaths of some 900 protesters since the overthrow of Mr. Mubarak for which officials have yet to be held accountable. Brutal police force turned recent smaller protests in Brazil and Turkey into massive anti-government demonstrations much as the brutality of security forces on Tahrir Square two years ago strengthened protesters' resolve.
Fears of violence this weekend have been further fuelled by the expectation that Morsi supporters will hold counter demonstrations this weekend. Those fears were reinforced by recent attacks by Morsi supporters on Tamarud representatives as they publicly collected signatures on street corners and other public spaces.
Supporters and opponents of Mr. Morsi clashed earlier this month for hours in the Mediterranean city of Alexandria. Two people were killed and more than 200 injured this week in clashes in the Lower Egyptian cities Mansoura and Tanta. Four Shiites were stabbed, lynched and mutilated by a mob in a village near Cairo last Sunday in an attacked that had been motivated by opposition by militant Sunni Muslim sheikhs to a religious feast.
The ultras in past protests in Egypt, much like like-minded groups more recently in Istanbul's Taksim Square, often see their role as protecting protesters against abuse by the security forces. Their approach is rooted in a deeply rooted sense of having been abused and mistreated for years in clashes with security forces in stadiums. The Black Bloc emerged earlier this year as a group of masked black clad vigilantes founded primarily by battle-steeled soccer supporters with the aim of protecting protesters against violence by Morsi supporters.
The sense that this weekend could mark a watershed in Egypt's volatile transition from autocracy to a more open society was heightened by a statement this week by the country's top general describing the role of the security forces as a safety valve against political conflict. Security officials said the military had moved troops closer to Egyptian cities in advance of this weekend's protest and armored vehicles appeared this week in the streets of Cairo.
Mr. Morsi, in a carefully worded rebuke insisted he was the commander in chief and that the army's role was solely to protect the country's borders. Amid wild speculation of what the military may do, much rides on whether the protesters, who see this weekend's demonstration as a launching pad for a second revolution, succeed in mobilizing large numbers and whether events and to what degree they turn violent.
The last two years have demonstrated that the leaders of violence-prone militant soccer fans are struggling to control their rank and file which often itches for a confrontation with security forces whom they see as the symbol of their perceived misery. Said a young militant earlier this year: "To hell with our leaders. This is not the moment to backdown."
James M. Dorsey is a senior fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, co-director of the University of Würzburg's Institute of Fan Culture, and the author of The Turbulent World of Middle East Soccer blog.

subset: commoncrawl


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Touchscreen Tech, Windows 7, Tablet PCs
2009-10-19 Graphics 14 Comments
OSNews takes a look at the technology powering the latest generation of touchscreen personal computers. Have the stars finally aligned to give the touch interface the combination of price, precision, sensitivity, and software support to make it attractive to the mainstream PC buyer? And if so, what does that mean for the elusive Tablet PC? We take a look at a Dell Studio One, which is powered by NextWindow's optical touch screen technology. (With video)


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Cullin-3 (
Larry N. Agbor, Stella-Rita C. Ibeawuchi, Chunyan Hu, Jing Wu, Deborah R. Davis, Henry L. Keen, Frederick W. Quelle, Curt D. Sigmund
This file is in Adobe Acrobat (PDF) format. If you have not installed and configured the Adobe Acrobat Reader on your system.
PDFs are designed to be printed out and read, but if you prefer to read them online, you may find it easier if you increase the view size to 125%.
Many versions of the free Acrobat Reader do not allow Save. You must instead save the PDF from the JCI Online page you downloaded it from. PC users: Right-click on the Download link and choose the option that says something like "Save Link As...". Mac users should hold the mouse button down on the link to get these same options.


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If you know someone who shares a special bond with their household pet, then this is the card for them! Send the Best Furriends Happy National Cat Day card to someone who aspires to be a "crazy cat lady" someday. Whether they have one cat or a whole bunch roaming around, they're sure to get a kick out of this national holiday.
Cats are smart because they know how to get food without labour, love without pain and shelter without confinement. They just know what to do to get things that benefit them. This is a fact.
Cats are just the bestest friends. They love you, care for you and most importantly, plain honest with you. Cherish them more today and maybe spend sometime helping stray cats too. Invite your friends with this ecard.
As you know, cats love to sleep for many hours, and when they do, they look so peaceful and sweet. Just like this kitten who is fast asleep in her comfy pink polka dot bed. It makes for a sensational Happy Cat Day card to send out to everyone you know who adores cats. Plus, the beautiful lettering and colors make this card even more special. Send this little kitten out soon to meet your friends and family members on National Cat Day!
Cats are so awesome, loveable, and, of course, adorable! One look at a cat and it can put a smile on your face. They really do add so much happiness to our lives. This is what makes celebrating National Cat Day so great, as well as easy to do. Who wouldn't want to celebrate these sweet little animals! This Happy Cat Day card will certainly add joy to anyone's day. It features a delightful cat admiring a pretty daisy. So sweet! Send this lovely greeting card out to the cat lover in your life.
Have you ever seen a kitten as cute as this one? This little cat looks so precious as she sits in a basket of roses. She's trying to look as cute as possible so you will send her out to meet all your friends and family members who love cats! This Happy Cat Day card will warm the hearts of those you receive it, especially when they read that you hope their precious kitty has a life filled with lots of love. Send this beautiful ecard without delay so this kitten can have a fabulous day.
October 29th is a very special day in the world of cat owners, so take note of that and make their day with this awesome National Cat Day card. It's the perfect balance of simple and heartfelt. This sweet, scrunched cat face is too cute for words, and any cat lover in your life is bound to love it.
When you have a cat in your life, it's easy to see how precious they really are, especially when they want to be at your side as much as possible. It shows how affectionate and loving they are. This alone makes celebrating National Cat Day worth it! This fun greeting card displays several illustrated colorful cats that look exceptionally cute with their little bows, hearts, and stripes. Be sure to send this creative Cat Day card out to all the people out there who love their little furry friends.
What better way to celebrate National Cat Day than by sending purr-fectly cute cards to all your feline-loving friends? Wish all the cat lovers in your life a day full of furry snuggles. They may need a lint brush afterward unless rocking cat glitter is their jam! Send the All the Cuddles card to spread cheer on this fun national holiday.
Who says National Cat Day cards have to be dull?! This card proves that wrong in every way. This is a card that's equally hilarious and ridiculous, which is what makes it such a great pick. For the cat fan in your life, whether it's a relative, friend, or colleague, this card is a definite win.
If you're looking for a cat day card that will melt the heart of the cat lover in your life, then this one will certainly do the trick. It showcases a sweet image of a little girl giving a kiss to a cute kitty. The cat is sitting in a basket attached to a pretty blue bicycle, which makes this image even more special. It's a delightful ecard that's perfect for celebrating National Cat Day. Make sure to send this wonderful greeting card out to all the cat owners in your life. They are going to just love it!
Have that special someone in your life whose love of cats is almost as strong as their sense of humor? If so, we've got you covered. This National Cat Day card is unlike anything else out there. You still get those sweet kitty eyes while having the humor of the thumbs up. The recipient won't be able to resist smiling.
There's nothing more precious than a girl and her cat. Just looked at those scrunched eyes and that loving smile. Cat lovers are a special breed, and this National Cat Day card is sure to make the cat lover in your life smile. The picture on this card is simply adorable, and it definitely makes this card a winner.


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About Last Night (FILM REVIEW)
About Last Night
Film Review by Kam Williams
Kevin Hart Spearheads Raunchy Remake of Romantic Romp
Released in 1986, About Last Night revolved around the yearlong effort of a couple of Chicago yuppies (played by Rob Lowe and Demi Moore) to forge a solid relationship on the shaky ground of a one-night stand. The movie was adapted from "Sexual Perversity in Chicago," a dialogue-driven drama by Pulitzer Prize-winner David Mamet (for Glengarry Glen Ross).
Loosely based on the original, this raunchy remake is a romantic comedy ostensibly serving as a vehicle for popular comic-turned-actor Kevin Hart. After all, his character, Bernie, the sidekick in the source material, is now the leading man. Furthermore, the setting has been shifted to L.A., where much of the humor caters to the African-American palate, since the principal cast members are now all black.
The film happens to be at its best when over the top Bernie's talking trash. For instance, he brags about leaving a recent sexual conquest's "edges nappy," an inside joke insinuating that the session was so steamy it literally uncurled his partner's straightened hair.
Directed by Steven Pink (Hot Tub Time Machine), the picture co-stars Regina Hall opposite Hart as his love interest, Joan. Rounding out the principal cast are Michael Ealy and Joy Bryant as Danny and Debbie, the aforementioned twosome who decide to give serious commitment a go.
At the point of departure we are introduced to Bernie and Danny, best friends and co-workers at a restaurant supply company. The former recounts a purely lustful escapade he shared with Joan, prior to introducing the latter to her roommate. Danny goes gaga over Debbie, and the cinematic table is set.
Bernie and Joan remain incessantly in heat, and can't keep their hands off each other. By contrast, Danny and Debbie prove to be introspective enough to move in together, buy furniture, adopt a pet, and generally map out a future.
The plot thickens when Danny loses his job and ends up tending bar at Casey's, a saloon frequented by his stalker ex-girlfriend (Paula Patton). It doesn't help that Bernie's already been pressuring his suddenly-domesticated pal to revert to sowing his wild oats.
Regardless, the resulting relationship tensions still take a back seat to lighthearted banter in this superficial adventure laced with one-liners like, "If this bitch were any dumber, you'd have to water her." Look for quickie cameos by NFL great Terrell Owens as well as by Rob Lowe and Demi Moore courtesy of a clip from original.
ALN 2.0, a bawdy variation on the theme establishing Kevin Hart as a bona fide box-office attraction.
Very Good (3 stars)
Rated R for profanity, sexuality, nudity and brief drug use
Running time: 110 minutes
Distributor: Screen Gems
To see a trailer for About Last Night, visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-QEfDr1OE8Q


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Etidronate (Oral)
Generic name: etidronate [ e-ti-DROE-nate ]
Drug class: Bisphosphonates
Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Sep 7, 2022.
Uses for etidronate
Etidronate is used to treat Paget's disease of the bone. It may also be used to treat or prevent a certain type of bone problem (heterotopic ossification) after hip replacement surgery or spinal injury.
Etidronate is also used to treat hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood) that may occur with some types of cancer.
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
Before using etidronate
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of etidronate in the pediatric population. Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of etidronate in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related kidney, liver, or heart problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving etidronate.
Breast Feeding
There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Interactions with Medicines
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.
Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Other Medical Problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
- Anemia or
- Blood clotting problems or
- Cancer or
- Dental or tooth problems or
- Dental procedures (eg, tooth extraction) or
- Infection or
- Poor oral hygiene or
- Surgery (eg, dental surgery)—May increase risk for severe jaw problems. This risk may also be increased if you use this medicine for a long time.
- Enterocolitis (severe diarrhea) or
- Hyperphosphatemia (high phosphate in the blood) or
- Stomach or bowel problems (eg, Barrett's esophagus, difficulty with swallowing, heartburn, inflammation of the esophagus, or ulcers)—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.
- Esophagus (the tube that runs from your throat to your stomach) problems (eg, achalasia, stricture) or
- Osteomalacia (soft bones) or
- Trouble with swallowing—Should not be used in patients with these conditions.
- Kidney disease—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body.
Proper use of etidronate
Take this medicine only as directed. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects.
Make sure your doctor knows if your diet includes large amounts of calcium, such as milk or other dairy products, or if you are on any special diet, such as a low-sodium or low-sugar diet. Calcium in the diet may prevent the absorption of oral etidronate.
Take etidronate with a full glass (6 to 8 ounces) of water on an empty stomach at least 2 hours before or after food (mid-morning is best) or at bedtime. Food may decrease the amount of etidronate absorbed by your body.
Do not lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking this medicine, and do not lie down until after you have eaten some food.
In some patients, etidronate takes up to 3 months to work. If you feel that the medicine is not working, do not stop taking it on your own. Instead, check with your doctor.
It is important that you eat a well-balanced diet with an adequate amount of calcium and vitamin D (found in milk or other dairy products). Too much or too little of either may increase the chance of side effects while you are taking etidronate. Your doctor can help you choose the meal plan that is best for you. However, do not take any food, especially milk, milk formulas, or other dairy products, or antacids, mineral supplements, or other medicines that are high in calcium or iron (high amounts of these minerals may also be in some vitamin preparations), magnesium, or aluminum within 2 hours of taking etidronate. To do so may keep this medicine from working properly.
If this medicine upsets your stomach, ask your doctor if you can take two smaller doses instead of one larger dose. Do not change without talking to your doctor.
For treating Paget's disease, you may need to take this medicine for up to 6 months. Then after 90 days of not taking the medicine, your doctor may want you to start another course of treatment.
If you have Paget's disease, this medicine may work slowly, so you may not feel better until you have been using it for awhile. Do not stop taking it without talking to your doctor first. Your body may continue to respond to this medicine for several months after you stop using it.
The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
- For oral dosage form (tablets):
- For Paget's disease of bone:
- Adults—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. At first, 5 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) (2.3 mg per pound) of body weight a day, usually as a single dose, for not more than 6 months. Some people may need 6 to 10 mg per kg (2.7 to 4.6 mg per pound) of body weight a day for not more than 6 months. Others may need 11 to 20 mg per kg (5 to 9.1 mg per pound) of body weight a day for not more than 3 months. Your doctor may adjust your dose depending on your response to treatment.
- Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For treating or preventing a certain type of bone problem that may occur after hip replacement:
- Adults—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The dose is usually 20 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) (9.1 mg per pound) of body weight a day for 1 month before surgery, and for 3 months after surgery.
- Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For treating or preventing a certain type of bone problem that may occur after spinal injury:
- Adults—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The dose is usually 20 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) (9.1 mg per pound) of body weight a day for 2 weeks, beginning as soon as possible after your injury. Your doctor may then decrease your dose to 10 mg per kg (4.5 mg per pound) of body weight for an additional 10 weeks.
- Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For treating hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood):
- Adults—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The dose is usually 20 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) (9.1 mg per pound) of body weight a day for 30 days. Treatment usually does not continue beyond 90 days.
- Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For Paget's disease of bone:
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.
Precautions while using etidronate
It is important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits even if you are between treatments and are not taking this medicine. If your condition has improved and your doctor has told you to stop taking etidronate, your progress must still be checked. The results of laboratory tests or the occurrence of certain symptoms will tell your doctor if more medicine must be taken. Your doctor may want you to begin another course of treatment after you have been off the medicine for at least 3 months.
This medicine can irritate your esophagus. If you think this medicine has started to damage your esophagus, stop taking this medicine and call your doctor. Some symptoms of damage to the esophagus are heartburn (either new or worse than usual), pain when swallowing, pain in the center of your chest, trouble swallowing, or feeling that food gets stuck on the way to your stomach.
It is important that you tell all of your health care providers that you are taking etidronate. If you are having dental procedures done while taking etidronate you may have an increased chance of getting a severe problem of your jaw.
Make sure you tell your doctor about any new medical problems, especially with your teeth or jaws. Tell your doctor if you have severe bone, joint, or muscle pain while using this medicine.
If this medicine causes you to have nausea or diarrhea and it continues, check with your doctor. The dose may need to be changed.
This medicine may increase your risk of developing fractures. This may be more common if you use it for a long time. Check with your doctor right away if you have dull or aching pain in the arms, legs, or thighs.
Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.
Side Effects of etidronate
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
- Bone pain or tenderness (increased, continuing, or returning—in patients with Paget's disease)
Less common
- Bone fractures, especially of the thigh bone
- Abdominal or stomach pain or burning
- bloody, black, or tarry stools
- chest pain
- chills
- cough or hoarseness
- fever
- general feeling of tiredness or weakness
- hives
- lower back or side pain
- noisy breathing
- painful or difficult urination
- pale skin
- skin rash or itching
- sore throat
- sores, ulcers, or white spots on the lips or inside the mouth
- swelling of the arms, legs, face, lips, tongue, or throat
- swollen glands
- tightness in the chest
- unusual bleeding or bruising
Incidence not known
- Blistering, peeling, loosening of the skin
- bone, joint, or muscle pain that is severe and occasionally disabling
- burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles", or tingling feelings
- difficulty in moving
- difficulty in swallowing
- discouragement
- feeling sad or empty
- heartburn
- heavy jaw feeling
- irritability
- lack of appetite
- large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs
- loosening of a tooth
- loss of interest or pleasure
- loss of memory
- pain or burning in the throat
- pain, swelling, or numbness in the mouth or jaw
- problems with memory
- rash with flat lesions or small raised lesions on the skin
- red irritated eyes
- red skin lesions, often with a purple center
- redness or discoloration of the skin
- seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
- trouble concentrating
- trouble sleeping
- unusual tiredness or weakness
- vomiting
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:
Symptoms of overdose
- Abdominal or stomach cramps
- confusion
- convulsions
- difficulty in breathing
- irregular heartbeats
- mood or mental changes
- muscle cramps in the hands, arms, feet, legs, or face
- numbness and tingling around the mouth, fingertips, or feet
- shortness of breath
- tremor
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common- at higher doses
- Diarrhea
- nausea
Incidence not known
- Burning feeling in the chest or stomach
- hair loss, thinning of hair
- headache
- indigestion
- leg cramps
- stomach upset
- tenderness in the stomach area
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
More about etidronate
- Check interactions
- Compare alternatives
- Drug images
- Side effects
- Dosage information
- During pregnancy
- Drug class: bisphosphonates
- Breastfeeding
Patient resources
Other brands
Professional resources
Related treatment guides
Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.


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Leica IIIc Photos
Photos With Leica IIIc Camera from 1946 - These photos were hand developed in Kodak HC-110 the black & white film is ilford pan f plus (iso 50) and Kodak TRI X 400.Read More
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Yeshiva Alumni Angry Over Award for Jimmy Carter — Not Hershel Schachter
Yeshiva University finds itself immersed this spring in a tale of two honorees. One, a former president of the United States, is accused of anti-Israel bias. The other, a leading Y.U. rabbi, is accused of racism and a disregard for victims of child sex abuse.
Hershel Schachter, the Y.U. rabbi in question, has also been criticized in years past for suggesting that the prime minister of Israel be shot if he compromises with the Palestinians on Jerusalem, and for appearing to compare women to monkeys.
But while an event organized by Y.U.'s rabbinic school to honor Schachter in May has aroused little opposition, the decision by a student-run journal at Y.U.'s law school to honor former president Jimmy Carter on April 10 sparked swift, furious and widespread criticism.
Indeed, the angry reaction to Carter's appearance seemed to dwarf even the recent outrage over allegations that Y.U. failed to deal adequately with suspected physical, emotional and sexual abuse of teenage students at its Manhattan high school throughout the 1970s, '80s and '90s.
The reason for the difference is simple, according to Samuel Heilman, a sociologist of American Jewry, at Queens College. "The Carter problem [exists because of] a very powerful, right-wing, pro-Israel stance within Yeshiva University," Heilman said. "Whereas opposition to what Schachter said comes more from the liberal side of the spectrum, which is not as well represented at Yeshiva University [just] as it is not well represented these days in Orthodoxy."
Schachter sparked controversy in March when excerpts of a talk he had delivered a month earlier in London appeared online.
In the talk, Schachter made a series of controversial statements. Among them, he claimed that state prisons were dangerous for Jews because they could be locked up "with a shvartze, in a cell with a Muslim, a black Muslim who wants to kill all the Jews." He also suggested that instead of immediately contacting police regarding an allegation of child sex abuse, the allegation should first be taken before a committee of psychologists trained in Torah to ensure that the child is not lying.
Schachter's comments could not have come at a worse time for Y.U. The school hired an international law firm last December to conduct an investigation following allegations, published in the Forward, that two former employees of Y.U.'s high school, Rabbi George Finkelstein and Rabbi Macy Gordon, had abused students. Some students said that they or their parents warned Y.U. of the abuse, but their pleas were ignored. Finkelstein and Gordon deny the allegations.
Y.U.'s chancellor, Rabbi Norman Lamm, told the Forward that during his tenure as president of Y.U., from 1976 to 2003, staff who were believed to have had "improper sexual activity" with students were quietly forced out and law enforcement authorities were not informed.
Following the disclosure of Schachter's comments on child sexual abuse, Y.U. initially distanced itself from the remarks. After being contacted by the Anti-Defamation League, Y.U. condemned Schachter's use of the word "shvartze" as "inappropriate" and "offensive."
Nevertheless, Y.U. has continued with its plans to fete Schachter as "guest of honor" at its annual Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary dinner, which will be held this year at the Grand Hyatt Hotel, on May 1.
An article posted to Y.U.'s website about the event lauds Schachter as a "renowned posek," or a decisor on Jewish law, and cites his "distinguished association and career" with Y.U. since 1967.
So far, only one RIETS alum has publicly protested Y.U. honoring Schachter. In a letter posted online March 21, Barry Dolinger of Congregation Beth Sholom, in Providence, R.I., stated that Lamm's and Schachter's behavior, as well as Y.U.'s inaction, "have caused unbelievable chilul Hashem [desecration of God]…causing many of the faithful to give up or shun observance, Rabbis, God, and causing less observant Jews and non-Jews to view our people as backwards, self-serving, or inauthentic." Because of this, Dolinger said, he would boycott the RIETS dinner.
In an interview, Dolinger told the Forward that he feared that negative stories emanating from Y.U. contributed to people becoming cynical about Modern Orthodoxy or leaving the movement altogether. "I don't think that, with all due respect, the leadership understands that this is killing us," he said. Dolinger added that dozens of people had contacted him to offer their support.
Still, no one posted a public comment underneath Dolinger's letter. And the Forward is aware of no other rabbi who has complained publicly about the event.
Psychotherapist Stacey Klein found herself in a similar situation when she launched an online petition January 14, calling on Y.U. to commit to making public its forthcoming report into abuse allegations. Klein, a Y.U. alum, said that many people were too scared of appearing to "break with Y.U." to sign the petition. Three months on, only 260 people have signed.
Gary Emmanuel did not have time to compose a petition against the April 10 presentation of Carter's award. He only found out on April 3 — and confirmed a couple of days later — that Cardozo's Journal of Conflict Resolution planned to honor Carter with its International Advocate for Peace Award.
Emmanuel, along with many other alumni, fumed when he heard that Carter, a harsh critic of Israeli policies on the occupied West Bank, was being honored at a Y.U.-affiliated institution.
Emmanuel launched a new group, the Coalition of Concerned Cardozo Alumni, and a simple website, Shame on Cardozo, on April 6. Within three days, galvanized by media attention — including in the Forward — more than 5,000 people had visited the site, including about 1,300 people who took an online poll about whether Carter should be honored (87% were against).
Emmanuel said that over just a few days, dozens of irate alumni copied him on emails to Y.U. administrators, vowing that they would cease contributing to the institution.
One alum threatened to stage an act of civil disobedience by physically blocking Carter from entering Cardozo. Political commentator Alan Dershowitz weighed in, telling Haaretz that Carter "never met a terrorist he didn't like" and that he was "unworthy" of the award. The National Council of Young Israel demanded that Y.U. rescind its invitation to Carter.
On April 8, Y.U. President Richard Joel was forced to issue a statement distancing the institution from the award, which he stressed was given by a "student-run" publication. Joel underscored that he strongly disagreed with "many of President Carter's statements and actions" in regard to the Middle East.
Rabbi Yosef Blau, who has been a spiritual adviser at RIETS for almost 40 years, said it had not gone unnoticed that Carter's award appeared to have generated "more concern" than the issues of alleged abuse at Y.U. itself and Schachter's recent controversial remarks. Blau pointed out that Cardozo is a professional graduate school, wholly secular in nature, though affiliated with Y.U. Its alumni, he said, have very different concerns than those who graduate from RIETS and from Yeshiva College, the university's undergraduate school. Indeed, anti-Carter activist Emmanuel, who graduated from Cardozo's Masters of Laws program, said he was unaware of the child sex abuse controversy at Y.U. and of the firestorm over Schachter's comments.
But Emmanuel said that comparing the two issues is unfair.
The primary reason his campaign attracted so much attention so quickly, Emmanuel explained, is that he is heavily involved in Israel advocacy and has good contacts for quickly disseminating information to the correct people.
"I don't think you're giving enough credit to who we know and how we get this out," Emmanuel said. "This wasn't a fluke."
Contact Paul Berger at berger@ forward.com or on Twitter, @pdberger.


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The Next War: The Battle Over the Debt CeilingThe last time the debt ceiling had to be raised, in 2011, Republicans demanded major cuts in programs for the poor as well as Medicare and Social Security. They got some concessions from the White House but didn't get what they wanted -- which led us to the fiscal cliff. So we've come full circle.
This post originally ran on Robert Reich's Web page, www.robertreich.org
"It's not all I would have liked," says Republican Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, speaking of the deal on the fiscal cliff, "so on to the debt ceiling."
The battle over the fiscal cliff was only a prelude to the coming battle over raising the debt ceiling – a battle that will likely continue through early March, when the Treasury runs out of tricks to avoid a default on the nation's debt.
The White House's and Democrats' single biggest failure in the cliff negotiations was not getting Republicans' agreement to raise the debt ceiling.
The last time the debt ceiling had to be raised, in 2011, Republicans demanded major cuts in programs for the poor as well as Medicare and Social Security.
They got some concessions from the White House but didn't get what they wanted – which led us to the fiscal cliff.
So we've come full circle.
On it goes, battle after battle in what seems an unending war that began with the election of Tea-Party Republicans in November, 2010.
Don't be fooled. This war was never over the federal budget deficit.
In fact, federal deficits are dropping as a percent of the total economy.
For the fiscal year ending in September 2009, the deficit was 10.1 percent of the gross domestic product, the value of all goods and services produced in America. In 2010, it was 9 percent. In 2011, 8.7 percent. In the 2012 fiscal year, it was down to 7 percent.
The deficit ballooned in 2009 because of the Great Recession. It knocked so many people out of work that tax revenues dropped to the lowest share of the economy in over sixty years. (The Bush tax cuts on the rich also reduced revenues.) The recession also boosted government spending on a stimulus program and on safety nets like unemployment insurance and food stamps.
But as the nation slowly emerges from recession, more people are employed — generating more tax revenues, and requiring less spending on safety nets and stimulus. That's why the deficit is shrinking.
Yes, deficits are projected to rise again in coming years as a percent of GDP. But that's mainly due to the rising costs of health care, along with aging baby boomers who are expected to need more medical treatment.
Health care already consumes 18 percent of the total economy and almost a quarter of the federal budget (mostly in Medicare and Medicaid).
So if the ongoing war between Republicans and Democrats was really over those future budget deficits, you might expect Republicans and Democrats to be focusing on ways to hold down future healthcare costs.
They might be debating how to make the cost controls in the Affordable Care Act more effective, for example, or the merits of moving to a more efficient single-payer system, as every other advanced country has done.
But they're not debating this, because the federal deficit is not what this war is about.
It's about the size of government. Tea-Party Republicans (and other congressional Republicans worried about a Tea-Party challenge in their next primary) want the government to be much smaller.
"My goal," says conservative guru Grover Norquist, "is to cut government in half in twenty-five years, to get it down to the size where we can drown it in the bathtub."
What's behind this zeal to shrink government? It's not that the U.S. government has suddenly become larger. In fact, non-military government spending relative to the size of the U.S. economy remains the smallest of any other rich nation.
Apart from the military, Medicare and Social Security account for almost everything else the federal government does – and these programs continue to be hugely popular, as Republicans learn every time they threaten them.
The animus toward government has more to do with the growing frustrations of many Americans that they're not getting ahead no matter how hard they work.
Government is an easy scapegoat, utilized by much of corporate America to convince average Americans to cut taxes, spending, and regulations — and divert attention from record-high corporate profits and concentration of income and wealth at the top.
The median wage continues to drop, adjusted for inflation, even though the economy is growing. And the share of the economy going to wages rather than to profits is the smallest on record.
Increasingly it's looked like the game is rigged, especially when people see government bailing out Wall Street (the Tea Party movement grew out of the bailout, as did the Occupiers), and handing out corporate welfare to big agriculture, big pharma, oil companies, and the insurance industry, to name but a few of the recipients.
The outrage grows when average working people are told – falsely — that a growing portion of Americans don't pay taxes and live off government handouts.
The battle over the fiscal cliff is over, but the trench warfare will continue.
Robert B. Reich, chancellor's professor of public policy at UC Berkeley, was secretary of labor in the Clinton administration. Time magazine named him one of the 10 most effective Cabinet secretaries of the last century. He has written 13 books, including the best-sellers "Aftershock" and "The Work of Nations." His latest, "Beyond Outrage," is now out in paperback. He is also a founding editor of The American Prospect magazine and chairman of Common Cause.Wait, before you go…
If you're reading this, you probably already know that non-profit, independent journalism is under threat worldwide. Independent news sites are overshadowed by larger heavily funded mainstream media that inundate us with hype and noise that barely scratch the surface. We believe that our readers deserve to know the full story. Truthdig writers bravely dig beneath the headlines to give you thought-provoking, investigative reporting and analysis that tells you what's really happening and who's rolling up their sleeves to do something about it.
Like you, we believe a well-informed public that doesn't have blind faith in the status quo can help change the world. Your contribution of as little as $5 monthly or $35 annually will make you a groundbreaking member and lays the foundation of our work.Support Truthdig


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Laws, Regulations & Annotations
Property Taxes Law Guide – Revision 2017
Property Tax Annotations
See Assessment Appeals; County Board of Equalization; Situs
190.0008 Allocation of Value. A local assessment appeals board has jurisdiction to hear supplemental assessment and base year value appeals involving the proper allocation of a total property value between land and improvements for applications filed within the time limitations periods of Revenue and Taxation Code section 1605(b) for supplemental assessments or Revenue and Taxation Code section 80 for base year value appeals. C 1/4/99.
190.0010 Alternate Assessment Appeals Board. The provisions to appoint an alternative assessment appeals board, pursuant to Revenue and Taxation Code section 1622.6 for persons listed in section 1612.7, may not be used to hear an application for a reduction in assessment when the applicant is also a current member of the county board of supervisors that sits as the county board of equalization because a member of a board of supervisors, which also sits as the county board of equalization, is not a person listed in section 1612.7. A member of a board of supervisors is not an "assessment hearing officer" as used in section 1612.7. An "assessment hearing officer" is a specific position appointed by a county board of supervisors and would not include any member of the board of supervisors unless so appointed. Thus, an appeal by a member of a county board of equalization may be heard by his/her fellow board of supervisors members sitting as the county board of equalization without his participation unless it is legally required. C 9/28/2011.
190.0011 Application. An appeal of only a supplemental assessment does not provide the assessor the opportunity to put an assessment of the same property on the regular roll before the appeals board. The application defines the assessment in issue.
The provisions of Rule 324(b) approves an equalization board's review of the value of an entire appraisal unit when a taxpayer appeals only a portion of the unit's value. It does not authorize the review of a value of a separate assessment of the same property. C 2/24/89.
190.0012 Application. The sufficiency of the property description contained in an application for reduction in assessment presents a question of fact to be decided by the assessment appeals board in the exercise of its authority to determine its own jurisdiction. C 12/7/93.
190.0013 Application. An application for reduction in assessment constitutes a claim for refund only if it is specifically so stated to be. Failure to claim a refund as part of an application does not prevent the filing of such a claim within four years of the date on which taxes were paid or as otherwise provided in Revenue and Taxation Code section 5097. C 10/2/85.
190.0014 Application. An assessment appeals application lacking an authorized signature of a corporate officer is incomplete and invalid, and pursuant to Property Tax Rule 309, the two-year period within which to hear applications does not apply. However, the rule also provides that an applicant shall not be denied a timely hearing for failure to file a timely and complete application unless the appeals board, within two years of filing, notifies the applicant in writing of such denial. A letter from the assessment appeals board to the applicant providing notice of the defect and giving the applicant the opportunity to correct it constitutes notice that the application will be considered invalid and will not be heard until such authorization is submitted. Where the appeals board received the authorization only about one month before the expiration of the two-year period, it acted properly by requiring a waiver before reopening the application. Alternatively, the application would have remained closed. C 7/23/97.
190.0015 Application. A county can modify the Board-prescribed assessment appeals application by adding a request for the applicant to sign the application in a particular color of ink, because such a request does not conflict with the prescribed instructions or with any statutes or regulations. C 4/19/2000.
190.0016 Application. Government Code section 16.5 authorizes the use of and prescribes guidelines for electronic or digital signatures "in any written communication with a public entity. . . in which a signature is required or used." The Revenue and Taxation Code and Board property tax rules do not prohibit use of such signatures and, therefore, an assessment appeals board clerk has discretion to permit an electronic or digital signature, provided that the clerk believes the signature complies with the requirements of Revenue and Taxation Code section 1603 and Property Tax Rule 305 governing the contents of a valid application. C 12/8/2000.
190.0017 Application. If an application is filed by an agent, the agent must have authority to sign the application and must include with the application a written authorization that complies with Property Tax Rule 305(a)(1). If these conditions are not met, the application is invalid. An application that is filed on behalf of an applicant without a valid authorization may be rejected by the clerk. As a result, an applicant or applicant's agent must be notified that an application is invalid and given an opportunity to correct any errors or omissions. Because Rule 305(a) specifically requires that the authorization be in writing, amendments and/or corrections required to satisfy Rule 305(a) must also be submitted in writing. However, an original signed authorization is only required if requested by the appeals board. If an agent does not have written authorization, retroactive authorizations are not permitted. Agent authorizations may not be used to authorize an agent to act on behalf of an applicant prior to the time the authorization became effective. C 3/11/2015.
190.0021 Application Filing Fee. There exists no express statutory authority for a county board of supervisors to adopt a rule requiring payment of a deposit for an assessment appeals hearing. The fact that there are statutorily authorized fees for other services in connection with the appeals process indicates that the Legislature viewed fees and other charges as a matter of statewide concern and intended to circumscribe counties' authority to act in this area. Thus, a county has no authority to adopt a rule requiring payment of a deposit. Further, the rulemaking authority conferred on counties by section 16 of article XIII of the California Constitution is limited to the adoption of rules of notice and procedures even when they do not involve matters of statewide concern. C 11/30/2001.
190.0025 Bankruptcy Automatic Stay Exception. The filing of a bankruptcy petition triggers an automatic stay or suspension of commencement or continuation of a judicial, administrative, or other action against the debtor as well as any action to recover a pre-petition claim or debt pursuant to 11 U.S.C section 362(a)(1). Among the specified exceptions to the automatic stay requirement, section 362(b)(9)(D) provides an exception for "the making of an assessment for any tax..." In Delpit v. Commissioner (9th Cir.1994) 18 F.3d 768, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals held that a property tax assessment appeal is a continuation of the comprehensive tax assessment process in California. Thus, as a step in the tax assessment process, an assessment appeal is an exception to the automatic stay as provided by subdivision (b)(9)(D). C 8/29/2003.
190.0030 Changing Rolls. An assessment appeals board does not have the power to move a possessory interest assessment from the unsecured roll to the secured roll. Revenue and Taxation Code section 107, which authorizes boards of supervisors to place possessory interests on the secured roll, applies to boards of supervisors sitting as boards of supervisors, not as assessment appeals boards. The authority of an assessment appeals board is limited to correction of assessor's clerical errors and errors in judgment as to value. C 11/9/79.
190.0033 Decision. An applicant's failure to file an amended application, after notice of its deficiency, until a month before the expiration of the two-year period in which an appeals board must render its decision provides a basis for the appeals board's request of the applicant for a waiver of the two-year statute of limitation before consideration of the amended application. There is no statute or rule that prohibits an appeals board's acceptance and action on a waiver filed more than two years after the filing of the original, incomplete application for hearing. C 7/23/97.
190.0034 Disaster Relief. An assessment appeals board has jurisdiction to hear and decide an application filed by a property owner appealing the assessor's denial of a claim for the transfer of a base year value for real property damaged or destroyed by disaster under Revenue and Taxation Code section 69. An application may be filed during the regular filing period for the year in which the new base year value is established for the replacement property or in any of the three succeeding years. C 10/20/2004.
190.0035 Duty to Equalize Assessments. An Assessment Appeals Board is charged with the assessment equalization function, and once a Board of Supervisors acts to establish such a board, the power to equalize assessments passes solely to the Assessment Appeals Board. Such is constitutionally mandated in section 16 of article XIII of the State Constitution. C 6/10/80.
190.0037 Evidence. An individual appeals board member may not introduce comparable sales evidence at an appeals hearing. The property tax statutes and regulations require appeals board members to decide applications based solely on evidence presented by the parties or obtained by the board acting as a body. Therefore, if an appeals board member wishes to hear or to obtain evidence not provided by the parties, he or she must make a motion to the appeals board. If the appeals board approves the motion, then pursuant to Revenue and Taxation Code section 1609.4, it may issue subpoenas or take other action necessary to obtain the evidence or testimony. C 2/2/99.
190.0037.005 Evidence. The prohibition against disclosure of a taxpayer�s information requested by the assessor does not apply when the taxpayer is a party to an assessment appeal proceeding. The court in Chanslor-Western Oil & Dev. Co. v. Cook (1980) 101 Cal.App.3d 407 noted that Revenue and Taxation Code section 1609.4 provides that an assessor may introduce new evidence of full cash value of a parcel of property at the hearing and may also introduce information obtained pursuant to section 441. The court confirmed that this section allows the assessor to use at the appeals hearing information obtained pursuant to section 441 that is limited to either market data or information obtained from the taxpayer seeking the reduction. Thus, the Assessor is required to present evidence of information supporting its assessment at the hearing, but the taxpayer and assessor are entitled to protect from public disclosure any information that derives value from not being publicly known and that is the subject of efforts that are reasonable under the circumstances to maintain its secrecy. Either the taxpayer or assessor may request that certain data be presented at a hearing that is closed to the public. C 4/29/2014.
190.0038 Final Determination. The two-year period in Revenue and Taxation Code section 1604(c), which provides that a board must make a final determination on an application for reduction within two years or the applicant's opinion of value shall be used for the levy of taxes, should commence with the actual date of filing of each individual application. C 7/21/95.
190.0039 Final Determination. An assessment appeals board may postpone indefinitely the hearing on an assessment appeal by mutual agreement in writing or on the record with the taxpayer, despite the assessor's objection. C 6/21/96.
190.0041 Final Determination. An assessment appeals board's hearing and decision on a hearing officer's recommendation must be completed within two years to comply with Revenue and Taxation Code section 1604(c). If the appeals board fails to hear and to make a final determination within the prescribed two-year period, then the assessor is required to enroll the applicant's opinion of value, regardless of whether the applicant requests relief. A taxpayer's claim for refund of taxes resulting from such relief must be filed within four years of the payment of the taxes sought to be refunded pursuant to Revenue and Taxation Code section 5096. C 1/18/2001.
190.0043 Hearing Officer. Under the requirements of Revenue and Taxation Code section 1637(a)(3), only a taxpayer, and not the county board of equalization or the assessor, may request that an assessment appeals hearing be held before a hearing officer pursuant to section 1636. Any use of a hearing officer to preside over a property tax-related hearing without the taxpayer's consent does not comply with the requirements of section 1637(a)(3). C 6/18/2008.
190.0044 Interpretation of Exemption Terms. An assessment appeals board does not have the jurisdiction to interpret Property Tax Rule 138 (Exemption for Aircraft Being Repaired, Overhauled, Modified or Serviced) by defining the terms used therein because such a determination would constitute a hearing on a application appealing a denial of a qualification for an exemption. C 6/29/2004.
190.0045 Jurisdiction. An assessment appeals board has authority to determine the proper classification of land based on its use under provisions of the Williamson Act. The board's jurisdiction is particularly evident in situations involving enforceable restrictions which by law impact property values. C 7/8/91.
190.0048 Jurisdiction—Base Year Value. In Sunrise Retirement Villa et al. v. Dear (1997) 58 Cal.App.4th 948, the court held that an assessment appeals board has jurisdiction to hear an appeal to correct an alleged error in setting a base year value, not involving a judgment of value, in any year in which the error is discovered, if the assessor declines to make the correction pursuant to Revenue and Taxation Code section 51.5. The board's jurisdiction to hear such base year value appeals is not limited to the four-year statute of limitations in Revenue and Taxation Code section 80 subdivision (a)(3); but in order to trigger the application of section 51.5, a property owner must present to the assessor credible evidence of an error not involving value judgment, as opposed to an opinion, for any such claim. C 1/6/98.
190.0050 Jurisdiction to Hear Applications for Reassessment. The local board of equalization itself has the ultimate responsibility to rule on the question of its own jurisdiction. However, it would be proper if the board established for the clerk certain specific guidelines for determining which applications were untimely filed, and authorized the clerk to notify such applicants of such fact and advise them that they may request a hearing pertaining only to the issue of the board's jurisdiction. OAG 3/30/76 (No. CV 75-344, Vol. 59, p. 182).
190.0052 Jurisdiction to Hear Application for Reassessment. A local assessment appeals board has jurisdiction to hear an appeal involving the property allocation of a total property value between land and improvements. If special assessments are at issue, an appeal involving the proper allocation of a total value should be allowed. If reallocation of a total value would serve no purpose, however, hearing should be denied. Also, a local board has jurisdiction to decide legal issues when such a decision is necessary to reach a conclusion on a valuation issue. C 1/22/80; C 3/28/80.
190.0053 Jurisdiction to Hear Situs of Aircraft. No court has specifically ruled on whether or not a general aircraft situs question can be heard by an assessment appeals board. However, since a determination as to situs is dependent upon factual matters, hearing before an appeals board appears appropriate. Moreover, a hearing would avoid any question concerning exhaustion of administrative remedies upon judicial review. Conflicts in evidence and testimony demonstrating aircraft, location, and time duration should be resolved by reference to the flight and maintenance logs for the subject aircraft. C 4/20/90.
190.0054 Jurisdiction to Increase Assessment. Once filed, an application for reduction cannot be voluntarily withdrawn by the applicant. The assessment appeals board retains jurisdiction, and, after notice and an opportunity to be heard, may increase the value on its own motion even if the assessor has agreed with the applicant that a reduction should occur, the reduction has been enrolled, and refund issued prior to the decision by the assessment appeals board. OAG 8/14/97 (No. 97-308, Vol. 80 p. 224).
190.0055 Jurisdiction—Welfare Exemption. Jurisdiction to make determinations and findings on the eligibility of property for the welfare exemption lies exclusively with the State Board of Equalization and the assessor, who jointly administer the exemption under Revenue and Taxation Code section 254.5. A finding by the Board staff that property is ineligible for the exemption is appealable only to the Board. A finding by an assessor that property is ineligible for the exemption is not appealable to an assessment appeals board. That denial is grounds for the filing of a claim for refund as well as for a suit for refund, but not for a hearing by a local board. C 3/11/94.
190.0058 Meetings of Multiple Panels. Two separate panels of the same assessment appeals board can be in session concurrently to either hear cases or deliberate under certain circumstances. Revenue and Taxation Code section 1622.5 provides that in counties in which two or more boards have been created, the clerk may assign one or more members from one panel to serve temporarily as members of another board. The statute then provides for the appointment of alternate members for each board, who are to serve when any regular member of the board is temporarily unable to act as a member of the board. Under this reading, there could be as many as ten separate panels created from a five member board to hear tem separate appeals. Since there would always be overlapping membership, however, the panels thus created could not meet or deliberate at the same time unless a qualified alternate serves. C 11/5/99.
190.0059 Morgan Property Taxpayers' Bill of Rights. Legislation, effective January 1, 1994, contains numerous provisions relating to assessment appeals, escape assessments, and information to be provided assessees, and it establishes "The Morgan Property Taxpayers' Bill of Rights." The State Board of Equalization is required to designate an independent "Property Taxpayers' Advocate" who is to be responsible for reviewing the adequacy of procedures relating to the distribution of information regarding property tax assessment matters among the Board, assessors, and taxpayers and of procedures relating to the expeditious handling of Board, assessor, and taxpayer inquiries, complaints, and problems. LTA 10/12/93 (No. 93/62); LTA 12/30/93 (No. 93/80).
190.0060 Necessity for Filing Claim for Refund. An appeal by an assessee to the County Board of Equalization for relief is a prerequisite to any refund action where the question is one of value, but where the question is one of law, an assessee may proceed directly to court. C 9/20/79.
190.0061 Necessity for Filing Claim for Refund. While Revenue and Taxation Code section 5097(b)(2) and (c)(2) authorizes the filing of a claim for refund as part of an application for the equalization of a regular or an escape assessment, it does not authorize anyone other than a board of supervisors to grant a refund. If a claim for refund filed as part of an assessment appeal is denied, the exhaustion of administrative remedies prior to filing a law suit requirement is satisfied. C 10/26/84.
190.0065 Open Meetings. The Ralph M. Brown Act (Government Code sections 54950-54962) does not apply to the hearings of a county board of supervisors when acting as the county board of equalization or to the hearings of an assessment appeals board. OAG 6/20/96 (No. 95-1207, Vol. 79, p. 124); C 2/16/96.
190.0070 Penalty Review Authority. The authority of an assessment appeals board under Property Tax Rule 302(b) to review, equalize, and adjust penal and escape assessments, excluding only Revenue and Taxation Code section 531.1 escape assessments, extends to 25 percent penalty assessments imposed pursuant to section 504 of the Code. C 2/8/80.
190.0073 Presumption Affecting Burden of Proof. The presumption affecting the burden of proof in favor of the assessee who has supplied all information as required by law to the assessor in any administrative hearing involving the appeal of an escape assessment as provided for in Revenue and Taxation Code section 167 applies to all equalization hearings held subsequent to January 1, 1996, even if the fiscal years and protested escape assessments relate to periods prior thereto. C 10/24/96; C 10/30/96.
190.0074 Purchase Price Presumption. The presumption that a purchase price is "full cash value" or "fair market value" as provided for in Revenue and Taxation Code section 110(b) applies to all equalization hearings in progress or held subsequent to January 1, 1989, even if the fiscal years and protested assessments relate to periods prior thereto. C 5/10/89.
190.0075 Res Judicata. This legal doctrine is inapplicable to assessment appeals board decisions. An assessment appeals board's decision applies only to the particular appeal to which it relates. C 10/10/91; C 4/30/93.
190.0078 Rules. An assessment appeals board has no legal authority to pass resolutions through which the board adopts rules of notice and procedures, such as a rule which authorizes the clerk to schedule a preliminary hearing if requested by one of the parties to an assessment appeal.
Article XIII, section 16 of the California Constitution vests authority in county boards of supervisors, and not the assessment appeals boards, to adopt rules of notice and procedures for assessment appeals boards. Thus, the failure by the board of supervisors to properly pass the resolution renders the rule void and unenforceable. C 6/16/99.
190.0080 Trial de Novo. A Superior Court called upon to review a local assessment appeals board decision will not receive new evidence of value but will only review the record of the hearing before the board. The court will only hear the case for the following reasons:
1. Lack of due process; or
2. Actual or constructive fraud; or
3. Abuse of discretion; or
4. An erroneous appraisal method incapable of producing the correct value. C 7/21/78.


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Blood Test Could Catch Early Pancreatic Cancer
This article is based upon a Johns Hopkins Medicine press release on October 23, 2013. Initial study results are encouraging, but needs to duplicate the initial results in a larger sampling of tumors. About 94% of cancer patients will die within 5 years. Over 75% will die within the first year of diagnosis. The key to improving survival rate is early detection of pancreatic tumors while the cancer is still localized within the pancreas when it is most treatable.
Studies show the five-year survival rate is almost 30% when cancer is detected early before it spreads to other body organs. Survival rate drops to only 2.8% when diagnosed after metastasis. Currently there are no general screening tests for pancreatic cancer.
The Johns Hopkins Blood Test Study
Reporting on a small preliminary study, Johns Hopkins researchers say a simple blood test based on detection of tiny epigenetic alterations may reveal the earliest signs of pancreatic cancer that is nearly always fatal because it isn't usually discovered until it has spread to other parts of the body.
The research findings, if confirmed, they say, could be an important step in reducing mortality from the cancer, which has an overall five-year survival rate of less than 6 percent and has seen few improvements in survival over the last three decades.
"We have mammograms to screen for breast cancer and colonoscopies for colon cancer but we have had nothing to help us screen for pancreatic cancer," says Nita Ahuja, M.D., an associate professor of surgery, oncology and urology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and leader of the study described online in the journal Clinical Cancer Research. "While far from perfect, we think we have found an early detection marker for pancreatic cancer that may allow us to locate and attack the disease at a much earlier stage than we usually do."
For their study, Ahuja and her colleagues were able to identify two genes, BNC1 and ADAMTS1, which together were detectable in 81 percent of blood samples from 42 people with early-stage pancreatic cancer, but not in patients without the disease or in patients with a history of pancreatitis, a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. By contrast, the commonly used PSA antigen test for prostate cancer only picks up about 20 percent of prostate cancers.
Ahuja and her colleagues found that in pancreatic cancer cells, it appears that chemical alterations to BNC1 and ADAMTS1 — epigenetic modifications that alter the way the genes function without changing the underlying DNA sequence — silence the genes and prevent them from making their protein product, the role of which is not well-understood. These alterations are caused by the addition of a methyl group to the DNA.
Using a very sensitive method called Methylation on Beads (MOB) developed by Jeff Tza-Huei Wang, Ph. D., a professor at the Whiting School of Engineering at Johns Hopkins, the researchers were able to single out, in the blood, even the smallest strands of DNA of those two genes with their added methyl groups. The technique uses nanoparticle magnets to latch on to the few molecules being shed by the tumors, which are enough to signal the presence of pancreatic cancer in the body, the researchers found.
Specifically, researchers say, they found BNC1 and ADAMTS1 in 97 percent of tissues from early-stage invasive pancreatic cancers. Surgery is the best chance for survival in pancreatic cancer, because radiation and chemotherapy are not very effective against it. The smaller the cancer — the earlier it is detected — the more likely surgery will be successful and the patient will survive.
Ahuja says the practical value of any blood test for cancer markers depends critically on its sensitivity, meaning the proportion of tumors it detects, and its specificity, meaning how many of the positive results are false alarms. The specificity of this new pair of markers is 85 percent, meaning 15 percent would be false alarms. Ahuja says she hopes further research will help refine the test, possibly by adding another gene or two, in order to go over 90 percent in both sensitivity and specificity.
Ahuja also cautions that her team still needs to duplicate the results in a larger sample of tumors, but is encouraged by the results so far. She says she doesn't envision the blood test as a means of screening the general population, the way mammograms and colonoscopies are used to find early breast and colon cancers. Instead, she imagines it would be best used in people at high risk for developing the disease, such as those with a family history of pancreatic cancer, a previous case of pancreatitis, long-term smokers or people with the BRCA gene mutations, which are linked to breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancers.
"You have to optimize your medical resources," says Ahuja, who hopes a commercial blood test might
one day only cost $50. She also notes that once BNC1 and ADAMTS1 are identified in a patient's blood,
further tests will be needed to locate an actual cancer.
People who test positive will likely undergo CT scanning and/or endoscopic ultrasound tests ¬— whereby a tube is placed down the throat into the stomach to image the pancreas — to search for the cancer. Surgery to remove it would presumably have a better chance of curing the disease owing to its small size and early stage of discovery.
Knowledge and Awareness
Pancreatic Cancer Symptoms
Pancreatic Cancer Risk Factors


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About MichellefromEssex
- Birthday 08/14/1968
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Zetec S Mountune
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HELP useless me needs to know something
MichellefromEssex replied to MichellefromEssex's topic in Ford Fiesta Clubha ha I am actually and Eastender living in Essex - Kat Slater eat ya heart out!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! cheers for the info re the knob!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
HELP useless me needs to know something
MichellefromEssex posted a topic in Ford Fiesta ClubOk could have done a search but im feeling ill at the mo so cannot be arsed!!! idot Max has managed to swtich the radio off of FM to AM - i know its something simple like pressing the arrow but ive tried numerous things and I cant get it back onto FM - HELP ME PLEASE before I hit him ha ha ha ha
New Fiesta 1.6 Recall - The Details!
MichellefromEssex replied to andy64's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubI had my service Sunday and was told that there was an outstanding recall on my car - no one had contacted me about it though. Apparently it was something to do with a wire crossing the brake servo, they just had to clip it up out of the way, they said it was nothing "major". Glad its been done though.
Happy 1st Birthday to my car
MichellefromEssex posted a topic in Ford Fiesta ClubHad my car a year today, its gone so quick, I still love her as much today as I did then, ok I had a very rough time between April and Sept with Mountune problems but thankfully thats all behind me now, I still weekly get asked about my car, I still get raced at the traffic lights and I still get followed by the men in cars similar colour to mine waiting for me to do something wrong ha ha ha. Those waiting for your new babies, you wont be dissapointed but sorry to hear you have all missed out on driving one for the last year :P :P :P . I have still to see a car identical to mine on the road - I know Rob has the upgrade but he didnt have the appearance pack. Happy 1st Anniversary to Mo the 140 ZS
1st service due and cost involved
MichellefromEssex replied to MichellefromEssex's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubJohnny, I didnt book it at Erith, I just used Erith and your price to prove it can be cheaper elsewhere, she then knocked her price down to match. I am booked in at Rayleigh next Sunday afternoon. Thanks for the heads up about the bodywork check, will make sure I get both stamps in the book. Hard to believe ive had my babe a year now - although only really getting to enjoy her fully the last month after the amount of hassle I had with the mountune upgrade.
tinting my back three windows
MichellefromEssex replied to will-91's topic in Ford Fiesta Clubahhh Johnny good to see you mate x
1st service due and cost involved
MichellefromEssex replied to MichellefromEssex's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubWell its booked in for a week sunday, I phoned them this morning and said I wasnt happy with £162 and I mentioned my friends Cmax and apparently that was cheaper because its over 3 years and they were doing a special MOT/Service price. I told her that Johnny Mac had paid £125 at Erith (which is within 20 mins from me too) and with that she dropped the price with them to £125 I was amazed she knocked £40 off just like that ha ha.e I wanted to stick with Ford service because of having it on the options plan I wasnt sure werether I had to or not. I dont want to sign up to any plans either, as I aint sure how long we will keep the car - we did plan on keeping her forever and ever after having the mountune upgrade, but I know how bored we get with our cars ha ha. Cheers for you replies x
mountune re-call
MichellefromEssex replied to xxtrickzxx's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubMine has been fine and dandy since the recall - thank god!!! although I know Rob is still experiecing the same problems after the recall
1st service due and cost involved
MichellefromEssex posted a topic in Ford Fiesta ClubHi everyone, hope your all well and cars are behaving!!! ive been getting phone calls from my dealership for the last month saying I need to book my service, ive left it until now as I got the car a year ago next week and its only done 7k miles, so been holding out as long as possible, anyway ive been quoted £162 for it, which I think is a lot for a first service, speaking to someone at work who used same dealer for the cmax and they only paid £135 for a service MOT and £20 back in sainsburys vouchers. What price have you been quoted (obviously those who have needed to have one already) and also what level of service do I need ie Minor or Major Cheers x
Mountune - Ford Finance
MichellefromEssex replied to TonyEssex's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubI would like to add before I had the Moutune upgrade I went back to the Fords saleswomen who sold me my car 4 months previous, and asked if it was ok to do this - she said it was 100% fine to go ahead and that it did not affect my finance plan one bit. I dont agree about the car being thrashed so Fords wouldnt want it back, I never thrash my car its my baby :o :o
All better
MichellefromEssex posted a topic in Ford Fiesta ClubHi guys just to let you know my car was put better by Mountune a few weeks back and its 100% fine. Hard to believe its now in proper working order, took 6 months to get there but I can now drive it knowing its not going to lose power at any time. Although Rob did scare me by saying that maybe because the weather is now cooler that has a lot to do with it - grrr im hoping that is not the case lol. Hope your all well Michelle x
Finally the snow has arrived
MichellefromEssex replied to Nordiclight's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubWhen we had the big white stuff back in Feb, my Mo was only 2 months old, far too young to go playing out in it, so I left her snug as a bug in a rug tucked up in the garage, much safer - then I cadged a lift to work off of my sis in her BMW X5.
Guess where I am going tomorrow?
MichellefromEssex replied to MichellefromEssex's topic in Ford Fiesta Clubstill working - dare I breathe a sigh of relief yet?
FAO Mountuned fiesta owners..
MichellefromEssex replied to Reaper's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubMine did change, my car is 58reg and the 140 isnt listed for this year its only 140 09 plate onwards, so I had to list the upgrade, remember the 140 will only recognise the engine change and you would still need to let them now any other changes like alloys and appearance changes that would make the car more desirable, I had to list everything seperately. mine went up by about £50 a year I pay £33 a month thats with Max added as a named driver who has had accident and penalty points in the last 3 years grrr.
fiesta mountune
MichellefromEssex replied to zetec_s ljk's topic in Ford Fiesta ClubWhen you say get one, do you mean everything ie car with the mountune kit? or do you just want the kit? do you already have the zs? go direct to Mountune, speak to Dave, email is email@example.com he will look after you and book you in, ive had the latest file put on my car now and touch wood its driving spot on like it should be with no more power loss problems. If you want to order the whole package inc car then you can still speak to dave who will let you know a list of Ford dearlerships in Essex that he supplied the mountune kit too. It will affect you insurance regardless of what anyone says, the kit will cost you £1,299 without fitting thats without any wheels and appearance packs.