text: Attackers can exploit vulnerabilities in Android devices with Qualcomm chipsets in order to extract the encrypted keys that protect users' data and run brute-force attacks against them.The attack was demonstrated last week by security researcher Gal Beniamini and uses two vulnerabilities patched this year in Qualcomm's implementation of the ARM CPU TrustZone.The ARM TrustZone is a hardware security module that runs its own kernel and Trusted Execution Environment independent of the main OS. On Qualcomm chips, the Trusted Execution Environment is called QSEE (Qualcomm Secure Execution Environment).The full-disk encryption feature on Android devices relies on a randomly generated key called the device encryption key (DEK). This key is itself encrypted with another key derived from the user's PIN, password or swipe pattern.Like iOS, Android attempts to prevent the extraction of the encrypted DEK which could allow attackers to execute brute-force password guessing attacks against it off the device, where there are no protections like software-enforced delays between failed password guesses.This is done by binding the DEK to the device's hardware through the use of an application called KeyMaster that runs inside the Trusted Execution Environment.However, Beniamini found that, unlike iOS, which binds the DEK to a hardware-based key called the UID that cannot be extracted by software, Qualcomm's implementation uses a key that is available to the KeyMaster application that runs inside the QSEE.This means that breaking into QSEE could provide access to the KeyMaster key and allow the extraction of the DEK. Attackers could then run brute-force attacks against it on more powerful equipment such as a server cluster, designed for password cracking.This reduces the security of Android's full-disk encryption to that of the user password, PIN or swipe pattern. And unfortunately, for usability reasons most users don't set complex access passwords on their mobile devices.Beniamini's proof-of-concept attack combined a vulnerability patched in Android in January and one patched in May, but in the Android ecosystem many devices don't receive updates in a timely manner, if ever.Duo Security, a company that provides two-factor authentication solutions for smartphones, has run an analysis on its user base and estimated that over 50 percent of Android devices are vulnerable to Beniamini's attack. That's also because Qualcomm is the market leader for ARM CPUs used in phones and tablets.And even if the affected devices did receive the necessary Android patches, the problem would not disappear entirely."Even on patched devices, if an attacker can obtain the encrypted disk image (e.g. by using forensic tools), they can then 'downgrade' the device to a vulnerable version, extract the key by exploiting TrustZone, and use them to brute-force the encryption," Beniamini said in a blog post.The deeper issue is that on Qualcomm's implementation, the Android FDE is not directly bound to a unique hardware-based key that only exists on the device and cannot be extracted by software. Instead, it's tied to a key that is accessible to the QSEE software and which could be leaked through future TrustZone vulnerabilities."Finding a TrustZone kernel vulnerability or a vulnerability in the KeyMaster trustlet, directly leads to the disclosure of the KeyMaster keys, thus enabling off-device attacks on Android FDE," the researcher concluded.Furthermore, because Android manufacturers can digitally sign and flash TrustZone images to any device, they can comply with law enforcement requests to break Android full-disk encryption.


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We've talked people's ears off–colleagues, relatives, friends, and even strangers around town (to make reservations, for instance)–all for a good cause. We wanted to find the best Bluetooth headsets and car units in the land.
Equipped with Bluetooth-enabled cell phones, we tested three product types: monaural (or "mono") headsets, which typically sport a single base unit that you place in one ear; stereo headsets, which come packaged as a pair of earbuds or headphones that you wear on both ears for music and calls; and speakerphones for your car, which are usually designed to attach to the sun visor or elsewhere inside (the dash or windshield, for example).
Good Calls, Bad Calls
Following hours and hours of blathering–and some complaints about our ears feeling sore or pinched after hours of wearing things–we can safely say that audio quality on Bluetooth has improved over the past couple of years. However, the improvements are hard to quantify, and we still found weaknesses. In our tests, callers on the other end of the line regularly griped about our voices sounding muffled, tinny, or just plain distorted. Other times, callers became frustrated with pronounced levels of static during conversations–static that promptly disappeared once we switched from the headset back to the handset.
Our tests weren't like that all the time, though. Some folks had no idea that I was talking on a headset while donning the $200 Plantronics Voyager Pro UC, for instance. Yes, call quality was that clear. And we were seriously impressed with how most of the headsets we tested reduce or eliminate background noise. The $130 Jawbone Era (our Best Buy on the mono headset chart) and the $140 Jawbone Icon HD (plus its Nerd accessory) both excel at nixing noise.
The Icon HD's Nerd USB adapter is one of the more useful evolutions we've seen among Bluetooth devices. The Nerd makes it easy to connect the headset to your computer, so you can make Voice-over-IP calls and stream audio on your PC or Mac, for example, while still handling your cell phone calls.
Features Galore, Products That Do More
Over time, Bluetooth headset and speakerphone makers have expanded their products to deliver more than just call management. Some examples: After powering up one of these Bluetooth doodads, you can expect voice announcements indicating the battery status and the remaining talk time. Many products offer automatic synchronization with your contacts list and subsequent address book updates. And some Plantronics products, including the $200 Voyager Pro UC, work with Vocalyst, a third-party service. You're entitled to a free one-year trial of Vocalyst's SMS, email, information-retrieval options, and more. You can listen to messages and reply by dictating, hear weather and sports, and even post updates to Facebook and Twitter, using your voice.
Most of the products we've tested for our charts let you stream audio; if your vehicle lacks GPS functionality, for instance, listening to directions through a headset or an in-car unit (as opposed to a cell phone's chintzy speakerphone) can be mighty convenient.
Other products tie in nicely with their respective smartphone apps. For example, our top pick among stereo Bluetooth headsets, the $100 Samsung Modus 6450, lets you take advantage of the company's Samsung FreeSync app for Android. You can use the app to hear new text messages and email read aloud to you (along with the senders' names), access support for multiple languages, and keep tabs on the 6450's juice, thanks to the battery-status indicator on your phone's screen. You can also tweak headset controls and stereo settings.
In the case of car speakerphones, dialing by voice has been enhanced considerably in that you can avoid touching multiple buttons to initiate phone calls. The $129 Jabra Freeway (our Best Buy) houses a dedicated voice-command button, which you tap once to enter its "listening" mode. From there, you can spout various phrases, such as "Redial" or "Phone commands, call Laura office," and it will obey.
Plus, instead of making you tap buttons to pick up or reject incoming calls, the Freeway, like other headsets and car kits, prompts you to say "Answer" or "Ignore." Of course, while you're driving, the more hands-free features like this, the better.
Need additional advice? Read our buying guide for comprehensive tips on how to buy a Bluetooth headset or car speakerphone.
The Best Bluetooth Headsets and Speakerphones
Check out our charts to learn more about the products we tested.

subset: commoncrawl


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OCALA, Fla. (AP) - A man on probation for sexual activity with a miniature donkey is back in jail on unrelated charges.
The Ocala Star-Banner reports that 32-year-old Carlos R. Romero was arrested Thursday on a warrant for dealing in stolen property and violation of Florida's pawnbroker act. Ocala Police say he stole 16 train batteries.
On Dec. 14, Romero accepted a plea offer from the State Attorney's Office for a year of probation and a $200 fine, avoiding jail at the time. He pleaded guilty to sexual activity with a miniature donkey named Doodle.
Since then, Romero says he has been living in the woods or his pickup truck and eating food from Dumpsters. He says he didn't know he had a warrant for his arrest and thinks the charges are bogus.


text:
Pink Hockey Helmets
1 Item
1 Item
Hockey Helmet Buying Guides & Articles
May 02, 2022
It is no question that Ice Hockey Helmets are one of the most important pieces of equipment that an Ice Hockey Player wears. This guide will go over Hockey Helmet Sizing, will provide Hockey Helmet Size Charts, along with a brief explanation of how a Hockey Helmet should fit.
September 18, 2023
One of the most important pieces of hockey equipment is the hockey helmet for players of any age. In this article, we'll cover: List of the Best Ice Hockey Helmets, The Importance of Wearing a Hockey Helmet, How to Measure For the Right Size Helmet , Features to Consider When Choosing a Hockey Helmet, and the Best Hockey Helmets by Category.
February 21, 2022
As a parent, shopping for youth hockey equipment for your child can be a daunting and overwhelming task. It is hard to remember what gear is required, what gear is recommended, and what purpose each piece of gear serves. This article will serve as your "one-stop shop" for that information, as well as standard price ranges and answers to frequently asked questions regarding youth hockey equipment!
Other Great Choices
- @Recommendation.Title by @email@example.com@Recommendation.MSRP


text:
C++ Tutorial
* C++ Tutorial
2. Setup
3. First Program
4. Data Types and Handling
5. Control Methods
6. Common Student Problems
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Introduction to Programming
Without a program, a computer has no purpose. It becomes an inert mass, a way to keep a door open when the wind blows.
What do I mean? Consider a paperclip. It has mass, material properties, and a tiny bit of purpose expressed through its shape.
In truth, it exists only because of its shape.
If it were a small disc of steel, the same mass as the paperclip, its purpose would evaporate.
The paperclip's purpose cannot be scaled up. If you put 1000 paperclips in a box, the mass increases but the modest purpose stays the same, innate to the individual paperclips. The intellectual content does not increase.
Jacquard Loom
The Industrial Revolution saw the creation of increasingly ingenious machines, devices whose purpose was inseparable from their shape, and most of which could do just one thing. The most advanced machines had a single shape but could be instructed to do different things. For example, through the use of punched cards, the Jacquard Loom (1801) could create any desired textile pattern.
Then something interesting happened. The man on the street believed the ingenious loom was the source of value, the focus of attention, and there was some small truth to this. But hand weavers, employed more because of their aesthetic skills than their technical ability to pass a needle through cloth, realized the cards possessed a value separate from the machine. They contained the pattern for the cloth, and they would create that pattern on any Jacquard loom.
The Jacquard punched cards possessed instructions that governed the loom's actions. They were the first examples of what we would call a program.
By 1890, cards similar to Jacquard's were used to contain the data for the United States census. Each card contained all or part of a record describing an individual. They were the first examples of what we would call a dataset.
John Von Neumann
In 1952, a very clever man named John Von Neumann was working on a rather primitive computer that was programmed by moving wires about on a large plug-board. It occurred to him that the program could be stored within the machine, along with the data, in what we now call random-access memory. This removed the final obstacle to large, complex programs, the ability to switch tasks quickly, and the logical certainly that a program above a certain complexity level cannot be proven to be bug-free.
In a jewelry store, the value resides in the minerals displayed in the glass cases. If you want to determine the value of a gemstone, you examine its color and clarity and then you weigh it. Heavier stones are more valuable.
Computer programs also have value, but their value is much more difficult to assess. For one thing, you cannot weigh a computer program. In fact, a computer program has no physical existence at all. When the program is listed on paper, it takes a form that a programmer can comprehend, only because (s)he can imagine the actions the computer will take when confronted by the instructions. But the paper form is not the program, any more than a map is a territory.
When the program is stored on disk, the disk is most certainly not the program. Tiny magnetic domains (smaller with each passing year) represent binary zeros and ones that represent instructions. It can fairly be argued that a computer program is a product of pure intellect, has no physical existence, and therefore cannot meaningfully be secured against theft.
If you embarked on a project meant to grant programs a greater physical reality than they appear to have, you could create a machine whose individual parts represented instructions (like Charles Babbage's Difference Engine), but this conception would fail for two reasons. One, the parts would still stand in for abstract intellectual notions, and two, you would not be able to fix the inevitable bugs in the original intellectual conception that led to the program.
Babbage's Difference Engine
The good news about modern, Von Neumann-style program storage, is that you can change the program in a matter of seconds. This is also the bad news.
To summarize, a computer is a machine whose sole purpose is to faithfully carry out a computer program's instructions. It is no more than an input/output device to support the intellectual goals of a computer program (and a programmer). The computer's higher purpose resides in its program. This is why, as time passes, computers become less expensive and programs become more expensive.
It is why the richest man in the world is, not a builder of computers, but a builder of programs. It is why, over time, computer scientists have come to focus more on programming issues and less on hardware issues. It is why, when a government agency decides to upgrade its computers, it is almost always the case that, after billions have been spent, they discover the old software will not run on the new hardware, and they abandon the project.
As the Y2K issue shows, we began by thinking of computer programs as a nice part of our future, and now recognize them as crucial to our future. How they are written, using what quality standards and programming concepts, is now quite literally a matter of life and death.
Programming as addiction
I can't close this introduction without mentioning in passing that programming has a compelling quality that lies behind its reputation for turning otherwise normal, well-adjusted people into hollow-eyed nerds.
Programming is about as far from everyday reality as one can get and remain an inhabitant of Earth. If, while programming, you make a syntax error, the compiler may utter an incomprehensible error message having nothing whatever to do with the actual error. Or it may print hundreds of cryptic error messages in reaction to the inadvertent omission of a semicolon.
Assuming you aren't completely discouraged by your first exposure to programming, over time you may become more skilled at avoiding the more serious kinds of errors, and you also may become more adept at interpreting those error messages you once found so incomprehensible. Meanwhile, if you are typical, your physical health, along with your propects for normal human relations, may wither away unnoticed.
Eventually you may reach a kind of programmer's nirvana: the compiler will reward your sublime skill by compiling your 100,000-line program
silently, without uttering a word.
If the program also does something remotely useful, well, I am sure I cannot describe the resulting emotional state.
You can see the degree to which programming is alien to normal reality by noticing that, once you have written a program and it works, it will continue to work
. It will never decay. It will never say, "What have you done for me lately?" or "Pay me more or you sleep with the fishes!" or "I can't believe I once thought sending files to a printer was cool!"
This is why programmers are not generally well-paid. For many, it is too much of an addiction for such trivialities as compensation to remain on the programmer's personal radar screen. Only a handful become financially successful, and those individuals usually direct the behavior of other (usually poorly paid) programmers, rather than taking the risk of sitting at a terminal themselves.
This viewpoint, based on my many years of programming experince, leads me to make this suggestion to all young programmers --
learn business skills as well as programming.
Don't become one of those programmers whose work is never noticed or rewarded.
In closing
This section of
is meant to introduce the topic of programming, but not provide a comprehensive education in the field — that takes years of effort and great dedication. By reading these pages, you will acquire a sense of what programming is about, an overview of the territory.
These pages are Copyright © 2000,
P. Lutus
. All rights reserved.
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2. Setup
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6. Common Student Problems
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About This Website
Morse Code still going strong!
Dear reader,
Thank you for visiting my web site.
Considering the fact that morse code still is very popular around the globe, your reactions kept me motivated to keep this site up to date.
After numerous questions from friends why I did not have a
home page, they triggered something that would keep me busy for
more than hundred hours at the start of these pages in 1996.
It was a lot of work to compile all the information and learning HTML at the same time.
Now years later it is still a challenge to serve the morse code minded.
I hope that you enjoy the information you find, let me know what you think.
It seems the code is still alive in despite of what some people may think.
I hope you like this site and I would like to receive your comments,
questions or idea's, just send an e-mail to me:
askus AT xs4all.nl (don't forget to replace the AT for an @!!)
Best regards,
Wilko J. Hollemans PA3BWK
After almost 8 years the sponsoring from Dutch Info Center has suddenly ended. A big thank you to René Kooijman at de Internetman who provided webspace untill oct 2008.
After René's sudden death Karsten Beijer from Easyhosting.nl jumped in and immediately provided us with space on his webservers and he kindly sponsored the domain to keep this site running. Without his help and generousity this site could not exist. Unfortunately Karsten Beyer passed away suddenly 7 october 2012. At this moment I am funding the website by myself (unfortunately ;-) Update 8 august 2023: in order to maintain this web site I am now looking to convert this site to a Wordpress solution.


text:
Timelapses can be amazing, beautiful, strange, provocative. And FUN!
The day I discovered the GH2 could do 2fps I got so excited, I loaded up a full battery, put the camera on the balcony and aimed it at the shopping mall door. I got over 3+1/2h of Cinema 24p footage (@2fps) and after speeding it up 15x (to 300fps) in VirtualDub I almost couldn't believe my luck. This is what I got and I have yet to grade it properly:
Since that event, I wondered about the best way to patch up the camera to capture them. MJPEG was the obvious candidate. It's a Full Intra codec and it can be setup to capture just 2fps. That means absolutely no wasted frames unlike AVCHD, so MJPEG must be great, but there was a caveat: even with stock settings there was a capture time limit that was well below AVCHD. How is that possible since it's only capturing 2fps, the bitrates have got to be frugal? Well, it happens that there is a 2GB filesize limit within MJPEG so even after taking Driftwoods Quantum 100-50's MJPEG settings and cutting the quality to take half the bitrate, you will end with less than one hour of footage. Compare that to AVCHD and you see what got me started.
Then there was the IQ issue. I stumped into this: http://sonnati.wordpress.com/2010/10/19/h-264-for-image-compression/ which made me start another full set of tests (http://www.personal-view.com/talks/discussion/2111/gh2-mjpeg-resolution-findings-and-myth-busting/p1) in which I found that unlike most crazy MJPEG resolutions that only seem to be 720p upscaled, the one used on Driftwoods patch was the best that ATM can be extracted from MJPEG and that even rivals with AVCHD. That test ended up on a tie, so in my book AVCHD wins for flexibility and recording time.
At the same time these tests were taking place, I fought a lot with the stock settings trying to make a patch that used GOP 13 and yes, that's the frequency at which you see major block changes when you set the shutter speed to 1/2s. This GOP13 would insure excellent quality as it makes the result Full Intra once you trash the needed frames. But the frames and limits and buffers and modes were giving me all kinds of speed messages Hell. By that time I also discovered that the null B frames that encoded no changes at 2fps were much larger than P-Frames which also appeared a lot more frequently than I wished they would. Null B-Frames were 2.5x bigger than P and when there was movement, the P-Frames would take as much space (and sometimes even more) than I frames, so I had to do something about it to make it more efficient. Meanwhile Nick @Driftwood and @LPowell were kind enough to share their knowledge and let me in on a few tricks. These allowed me to suppress B-Frames altogether and starve P-Frames to death.
So here I was armed with a bazooka and a missile and I couldn't even fire a pistol. Then a few days ago @Balazer came out with his Cake patch featuring a completely VBR approach through a Constant Quantizer as if he couldn't care less about bitrates, limits or buffers or all the stuff that was putting me down. I tried it a 2fps and I couldn't believe how well it worked. And since the frame rate I'm using is ridiculous when compared to normal video modes, there are no speed/buffer/spanning issues even if you have the slowest SD card in the business. In this case, this VBR aproach is a no brainer and the cherry on top is that you get Constant Quality at Quantizer 22 which is very very good IQ!
So, hands to work, bake the Cake, mix Driftwood's MPEG settings, apply the P/B-Frame tricks and it was working on the third try. :O
It could have been a lot faster as I tried to best the 60i mode and leave all other modes alone. It ended up being the wrong choice because the 60i GOP isn't sticking and probably the Interlacing is making too big P-Frames around the I-Frames. In the end I managed to use tweak 24p for timelapses and the frame usage when there is no movement is a beautiful set of I-Frame spikes with all else almost null. 60i is now GOP13 on I/P frames exclusively and the P sizes look generous, so the starved P-Frames on 24p don't seem to affect it. 720p modes seem also unaffected. In the end this patch tries to give you the best 2fps and still leave you with 2 very workable modes without repatching: 1080i60 and 720p.
USE IT AND ABUSE IT. DON'T forget to weed out the starved frames in post. AfterEffects instructions here: http://www.personal-view.com/talks/discussion/comment/49325#Comment_49325 and freeware workflow is here: http://www.personal-view.com/talks/discussion/comment/39079#Comment_39079
Thank you @balazer for baking Cake.
Thank you @drifwood for the MJPEG settings and no B-Frame trick.
Thank you @lpowell for telling me how to starve the P-Frames.
Thank you @cbrandin for StreamParser 2.4 which gave me wonderful new numbers.
1 - TimeBuster 1 - First Release
2 - TimeBuster 1.1 - with 2 significant changes:
Now based on @balazer 's Cake 1.1, it has switched to use the Rate Control mechanism from @LPowell 's FlowMotion 100.
720p mode was broken due to use of a very low quantizer (12) which lead to skipped frames in 720p. It now uses QP=20 on both 720 & 1080 modes which will have an observable effect in both bitrate & quality even though it still gives you 24+ hours on 64GB.
3 - TimeBuster 1.2 - with 1 significant change for a fully featured 720p mode:
4 - TimeBuster 1.3 - with a lot of significant changes:
Ported to PTTools 3.64d
Savings on P-Frames is now accomplished by using a Scaling Table that is full of 0xFFFF for 1080p modes.
Quantizer boundaries were removed since they are now much more dependent on the new Quantizer Tables.
Redesigned for merging, these definitions try to be as independent as possible from their re-packaging definitions (in this case FlowMotion 1.1) and are published in two flavors: Timebuster 1.3 Base (for merging) and Timebuster 1.3 FloMo (merged with FlowMotion 1.1)
NOTE1: Timebuster Base 1.3 was merge tested with @LPowell 's FlowMotion 1.1, @Balazer 's Cake 1.2 and Nick @Driftwood 's Quantum X (v2) with minimal impact on all modes except for 1080p. I recommend FlowMotion or Cake for the simple reason that the 1080p24 Frame Limit is set to a much higher value in these settings. In fact, if you care for nothing other than the 24p timelapse IQ and don't mind impacting some of the other modes, you should set it to 10,000,000.
NOTE2: Merging Timebuster Base 1.3 with other settings is easiest done by loading Timebuster Base 1.3 first and then Alt+Clicking your choice of merger.
5 - Timebuster is now comprised of 2 main variants:
a) 24h Timebuster 2.0 - with the following changes (from TimeBuster 1.3):
b) 24h TimeHBusteR 2.0 (NEW, uses HBR 30)
Similar philosophy to 24h Timebuster 2.0 Base but as the name suggests, uses HBR mode instead of 24p. There is another difference, P-Frame quality is fully preserved as this kind of frames is used for one of the interlaced slices on Key Frames.
GOP married to 1/2.5 on HBR 30p (NTSC) and to 1/5s on HBR 25p (PAL). The big benefit is that both are using a 360º shutter. Uncheck "1080i50 and 1080p24 GOP Size=5" before merging if you don't plan to use Shutter Speed (SS) =1/5s and want to better preserve the 24p mode and HBR 25.
Both variants are now:
Using B-Frames. There is a 6% penalty in bitrate usage but this was necessary to make sure the QP was respected. I believe the gain from setting the QP at will is just too great to ignore, since not everyone wants to record for 24h straight. QPs as low as QP=16 were tested and theoretically it could go as low as QP=12 @ISO160 when merged with FlowMotion 1.11 on regular tripod mounted footage.
GOP married to 2.5fps. The bitrate hit is a little above 20% but the recording length can be easily compensated by raising the QP. The reason behind this was getting as close as possible to 360º.
User definable GOP - GOP can be set at will according to intended SS, use the attached "GOP-SS-table.png" to look up the right value. Defaults settings are SS=2.5fps and GOP 1080i=10 for 24h Timebuster 2.0 and SS=2.5/5fps and GOP 1080i50/i60=12/5 for 24h TimeHBusteR 2.0.
User definable QP - QP can be set at will according to desired IQ/recording length. I've gathered quite an amount of information so that in the future I can make an Excel tool to estimate the best QP from Card Size/Footage Snapshot/Desired ISO/Recording Length. Default settings are Q24/23 for 24h Timebuster/TimeHBusteR.
As before, there is the Base Release to be merged at wish with popular settings (load Base first in PTTools and then "ALT+Click" your choice of merger) and there is also the FlowMotion Release (already merged with FlowMotion 1.11). I've merge tested against @lpowell 's FlowMotion 1.11, @balazer 's Cake 95, and @bkmcwd 's GOP3ZILLA and no undesirable effects were observed. The key is using a VBR settings definition with a very high "1080p24 Frame Limit", especially if you are going for a low QP (<22).
(edit) If you want to merge with Nick @driftwood 's settings, I recommend going for Cluster v1 as shines in being both a long GOP set and also having the biggest "1080p24 Frame Limit" of all the sets I know.
6 - Updated Release of Timebuster/timeHBusteR 2.02 FlowMotion - WARNING HBR version IS BROKEN at 24p
Since FlowMotion 2.02 looks very stable now, I'm releasing my pre-merged versions of Timebuster/timeHBusteR. There is nothing new regarding timelapsing except for FlowMotion's 2.02 changes.
24h Timebuster 2.02 FlowMotion which is 24h Timebuster 2.0 Base merged with FlowMotion 2.02
24h timeHBusteR 2.02 FlowMotion which is 24h timeHBusteR 2.0 Base merged with FlowMotion 2.02
7 - Updated Release of Timebuster/timeHBusteR 2.02 FlowMotion variants - 24p is now fixed on timeHBusteR. There was a note telling you should remove the "1080i50 and 1080p24 GOP Size=5" for better preserving 24p but no one seemed to read it and it was causing more trouble (to most of those who wanted 24p preserved) than it was worth (for those who wanted more timelapsing versatility.
NOTE: The mergeable timeHBusteR wasn't updated! Just the the FlowMotion variant. I ASSUME that if you are using this base for merging that YOU KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING, and read the DOC.
The day is not over. :)
Here's what it looks like on 24p @2fps on static footage. Almost as good as 2fps MJPEG would look. And the only impairing I observed (on 60i) was the long GOPs, but with good P-Frame size. The beauty of the patch is that you can now easily trade IQ for recording length with very little changes to Cake (as I did). Probably all you need is to balance the frame limits with the QP.
This is how 24H looks on a very detailed and colored chart. Average Total Bitrate = 7.012.276. On real life and detailed footage but with less texture, I got under 5Mbps (on 24H).
On a 64GB SD this translates into 29 hours.
This is awesome! naf SAID!
@duartix, are you in lisbon?
Impressive stuff!
Yes, busted!
Don't tell me you are the guy with the girl... :)
@duartix, ok I don't tell you. keep up the good work. Maybe we'll talk soon.
@duartix does it mean you would have created the perfect patch to combine timelapse at 2fps (which would give factor 13x as a base) with slow motion at 60i transferred to 24p (which would give factor 1/2.5 as a base) and all at 1080p.
If you can combine it like I did it as shown below it would be an awesome timebuster with extreme possibilites of dynamic range...
@tida : Yes, well to be honest, keeping 60i was an accident. I was going for an all round patch trying to preserve 24p for regular shooting and dedicating just 60i for timelapses. But as I wrote before, something I didn't foresee made me reconsider: 60 is "i", which means that at 2fps when the footage changes are recorded by the camera from t=#0 they will be spread across 2 fields at frames #30 and #31 and to encode these changes properly in Full Intra, you would need GOP1 which defeats the purpose of getting long record times.
In the end, I'm glad this happened because this is a timelapse dedicated patch and this way you can preserve the modes that work on extreme timing ends. 720p60 is preserved, 2fps @1080 has great recording times and IQ, and you still have 1080i60 with very good quality and resolution. I've tried to set 60i GOP length to GOP1 but as I said before, it doesn't stick, and the camera goes with 13 in that mode. (edit) Stupid me, (I was testing PAL, that's why it didn't look like it sticked) (/edit) It's not too bad but it's not ideal either, so if someone has an idea on how to change it, please let me know as I'd like to try it!
It's all about choices, as much as I'd like to do an all round patch, the focus here is on timelapses and if you really need 24p at the same time, well then you might as well use another SD card with a better 24p patch on it. Provided you have 2 cards, you can change the patches on the field as many times as you need, all it takes is 3min at a time and a full battery (two things that timelapsers usually can spare :D ). Timelapses can be done with amazing quality in the smallest & cheapest cards, so I think the card is not an issue.
@duartix A couple questions:
Does this patch actually record @ 2fps in AVCHD? or does the camera still record 24fps and you have to remove all of the duplicated frames? I couldn't find in the pTool settings where you switched 24fps ---> 2fps.
Do you still have to use a 1/2 second shutter, Manual mode + manual focus?
Could you write a simple workflow from start to finish (camera settings to post) about the timelapse video you've posted?
This is very exciting, thanks for you time and efforts!
@Hallvalla : Yes, you still need to put the camera into MF so that you can then slow the shutter speed manually to 2fps. The camera will still record 24fps, the thing is that most of those frames will be subjectively NULL (they still occupy some minimal space) as you see in the first StreamParser capture. When there is significant movement however, some of the P-Frames surrounding the I-Frames will occupy some noticeable space.
I'll try to capture something today and post it here. I'll try to post the workflow too.
@duartix : How you get the 2fps in camera? Sorry but I don't find the way.
Real approach to this must be ability to change encoder so it'll skip the frames and you must be able to specify how many you want to skip. It'll also require to completely turn off audio.
@rafa As it was said just before, you need to be on Manual Movie mode, and set the camera to MF. Only then can you reduce the shutter speed below 1/25(30)
@Vitaliy_Kiselev : That would be really great as P-Frames sometimes still get hungry and audio also can account for up to 5% at the moment, any chances those would be possible?
Until then, there is a saying here in Portugal that goes like this: "He who doesn't have a dog, hunts with a cat."
1 - Camera top Dial must be set to M Movie, video mode must be set at 24p (cinema) and focus to MF, with the rear dial set shutter speed to 1/2s (pressing the rear dial against the camera changes control from A to S).
2 - Record.
3 - Copy MTS file to disk .
4 - Open VirtualDub (make sure you have the DirectShow filter installed http://forum.videohelp.com/threads/286901-VirtualDub-Now-Has-a-Directshow-Driver-Plugin )
5 - Go to File Open (make sure that in "File of type" you select "DirectShow input driver") and open the file.
6 - On Video menu select Frame Rate. There are two options on panel Frame Rate Conversion:
a) Decimate by 12 (null frames will be deleted but you won't get the speed effect)
b) Convert to 300fps (accelerated)
7 - On Video menu configure the Compression codec.
8 - Save file as...
This is the easiest workflow I can imagine (on my video I applied some basic filters (menu Video | Filters) and used the Blend option to blend a B&W Fade Out and Fade In.
The guaranteed better way to do it (to make sure you are only selecting I-Frames) should be with AviSynth and this post should give you an idea: http://www.personal-view.com/talks/discussion/1559/avchd-1080p-time-lapse/p1
There are also blending options on After Effects but I know very little about it.
@duartix Thanks. Hmmm, just found out VirtualDub runs on Mac OS X through Wine (like pTools). Will give it a shot.
TimeBuster 1.1 is out, featuring 2 significant changes:
Since this is based on @balazer 's Cake 1.1 it has switched to using the Rate Control mechanism from @LPowell 's FlowMotion 100.
720p mode was broken due to use of a very low quantizer (12) which lead to skipped frames in 720p. It now uses QP=20 on both 720 & 1080 modes which will have an observable effect in both bitrate & quality even though it still gives you 24+ hours on 64GB.
The day is not over. :)
@duartix thanks, looking forward to use it. If one would like to use higher shutter speed than 1/2s would the patch keep it's performance by just lowering the GOP. Would the calculation in below mentioned macro fit?
StepSize1 = abs(ShutterSpeed_s*FrameRate_fps)+1 //For your Patch StepSize1 == GOP13 at 1/2s
Let's see what are the most desirable SSs:
SS=1/2s then you get: 1/2*24+1=GOP13
SS=1/4s then you get: 1/4*24+1= GOP7
SS=1/6s then you get: 1/6*24+1= GOP5
SS=1/8s then you get: 1/8*24+1= GOP4
SS=1/12 then you get: 1/12*24+1 = GOP3
(EDIT) THIS LOGIC ISN'T WORKING. Look further in this thread: http://www.personal-view.com/talks/discussion/comment/39686#Comment_39686
Apparently the formula guarantees that you'll have a new I-Frame that is pretty much in synch with your later frame sampling rate and that the rest are tiny null P-Frames to be discarded. If I were in your shoes, I wouldn't go for other funny SSs like 1/5 or 1/10 since 1/4 and 1/8(12) are very close and will work even without scripting tools.
In Timebuster 1.1, I've lowered the QP from 22 to 20 so we get a little better IQ but still get around 24h. In principle the patch will keep it's IQ performance but it will pay for that in bitrate and recording length. All other things equal a 1/4 SS will spend 13/7x the bitrate when compared to 1/2s, so you'll get just short of 13h of footage on 64GB. At 1/8s it's well over 7h. Do take into account that this will always vary with footage content and mostly with ISO.
Having said that, this is a game of just matching GOP with SS. The beauty of recording footage at lower SS is that it's much less demanding on the Camera CPU, on the codec and on the storage card. If you have recording length to spare you can even be adventurous and lower the value of "Quantizer for 1080 modes", but remember that if you lower that QP by 6, you'll end up with approximately 2x bigger frames and then you might already be hitting the ceiling on the 1080p24 Frame Limit.
Q20 even though it is the default stock setting, it is very good quality already IMHO and if the stock GH2 wasn't so limited in buffers, frame limits and bitrates, it would be spitting out so much quality we wouldn't be using any hacks...
Lowering the QP by six doubles the precision of the coefficients. It doesn't necessarily mean the coded frame sizes will double.
OK, thanks for the clarification. I'll perform some tests to compute the impact.
@duartix what could be the reason that I find with your patch that especially under stress the 13st-1 frame answers with high bitrate.
I believe it's a common thing among all patches I tried. I don't know if it's the camera normal behavior saving up bitrate to build up a buffer for rainy days, but I know there's a parameter called "Initial quantizer". I suggest you lower it from 20 to let's say 18 and see what happens.
@duartix I know there was a big discussion with @balazer about GOP 12 or GOP 13 for 1/2 sec at 24p but is that really 100% sure to use GOP 13. Why has Panasonic used the standard parameter GOP 12. For 25p I understand that it must be GOP 13 but... maybe I should try your patch with GOP 12 and look how it behaves under stress. What is your practical experience...
13/23.976 = 1/1.844 > 1/2s == go, but why not the next....
12/23.976 = 1/1.998 > 1/2s == go
12/25 = 1/2.083 < 1/2s == no go
13/25 = 1/1.923 > 1/2s == go
@Vitaliy_Kiselev is there already something which you know about standard GOP settings for 25p from the new firmware.
In a GOP12 at 24p case I would have to implement for my macro
StepSize1 = round(ShutterSpeed_s*FrameRate_fps) == GOP
which sounds more logic for me...
@tida : Logic has nothing to do with it... :) Otherwise your simple and logical formula should work!
At first my thought was that the parameter AVCHD GOP Length in PTTool was counting the I-Frame twice unlike the standard definition of GOP: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_of_pictures but that's not the issue, the parameter conforms with the definition. The issue here is that the camera @2fps spits out the frame changes once every 13 frames and that's why we're using GOP13 to stay in synch (and I've just loaded a 30min MTS file in StreamParser and confirmed that it still stays in synch in the end). If you use GOP12 you'll see a big P-Frame travelling away from the I-Frames and passing by an I-Frame every 12 GOPs.
Now this leaves me weary about the other shutter speeds and I'll have get to check their GOP structure.
BTW, Panasonic chose GOP12 most probably to maintain a consistent I[BBP]+ GOP structure.
@duartix thanks for your explanation, you have done a very good job. It sounds like a proof for me. One explanation could be that 50i and 24p has to share same GOP size.
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Since it's Iraq War mea culpa week, I ought to fess up for those readers who didn't follow me ten years ago and admit that I supported the war. I was wrong about it. But the conclusions I've drawn from the episode are not the conclusions many other liberals have drawn. Since I am asked about this periodically, I should explain why.
Unlike, say, David Frum or Andrew Sullivan, I can't claim to have been freaked out by 9/11. I can't even claim to have been carried away by enthusiasm for the project of democratizing Iraq. The argument I made at the time was more prosaic. In the aftermath of the Gulf War, the United States and its allies forced Iraq to promise, among other things, to submit to United Nations inspections to verify that it had vacated its unconventional weapons and was not building more of them (especially nuclear weapons). Iraq never fully complied with these terms. Over more than a decade, Saddam Hussein vacillated between complying with some of the terms and complying with none of them. (Richard Butler, the U.N. chief weapons inspector, was among many of those who testified about Iraq's years of noncompliance.) I followed this throughout the nineties frustrated at Saddam's ability to evade full compliance for so many years.
My logic in supporting the war boiled down to the following:
- The truce terms of the Gulf War requiring a complete, verified shutdown of Iraq's weapons of mass destruction were valid and necessary.
- Iraq had refused to comply fully with these terms.
- Therefore, it was appropriate for the United States to threaten — and if necessary, carry out — war in order to force Iraq to comply.
Looking back, I have several regrets. We now know that Iraq no longer had any unconventional weapons program. Over the years, this has come to be seen as retrospectively obvious. It was not. While the Bush administration deliberately twisted and overhyped evidence of weapons of mass destruction, the legitimate evidence did show, albeit less dramatically than the administration said, that Iraq had active unconventional weapons programs. This was the judgment of fellow Western intelligence agencies. It was also a logical inference from Saddam Hussein's refusal to fully comply with U.N. demands even after threatened with invasion. (That Iraq refused full compliance was documented at the time by Hans Blix, Butler's successor, but this has largely been brushed aside in the retrospective critique.)
The absence of weapons of mass destruction is the most crucial element of my argument that I got wrong, though the part I have the least regret for getting wrong, as it was very hard to know at the time.
I made other errors in my analysis that I should have known at the time. I thought many — even most — of the arguments for war were terrible: jingioistic waving of the 9/11 bloody shirt, the use of Saddam's brutality as an emotional bludgeon, and worse. What's more, I also thought that the anti-interventionist left's sociological analysis of the debate taking place was correct. Somehow, supporting the war was cool and a sign of seriousness, creating waves of social pressure on politicians and commentators in a way that prevented a fair debate.
I didn't write any of these things at the time. Why not? I can certainly blame what was then, for me and my colleagues, the pre-blogging age. We still wrote at a print magazine pace, which meant publishing a story every couple of weeks. I had many more unpublished thoughts, and I didn't prioritize dissecting the arguments of people with whom I agreed on the bottom line. But publication schedules don't fully excuse me here. I wasn't afraid to alienate my colleagues, editors, and employer, but I didn't go out of my way to do it, either. I have a lot of regret for this.
The biggest single conceptual failure of my argument for war is that I gave absurdly little thought to the post-invasion phase. I was aware that the Bush administration was deploying far too few troops to the front for a workable occupation while blatantly lying about the war's likely costs. I assumed that its real plan was to decapitate the Iraqi leadership, install a more pliant and less brutal military figure in Saddam's place, and call it democracy.
In other words, I deemed the administration's rhetoric about democracy to be a pack of lies. Now, I could accept this, because I assumed the successor regime would be less brutal than the psychotically cruel one that was being deposed. The quality of the regime was an important predicate for my support of the war — I would not have supported it had I believed it would make life harder for Iraqis, on the whole — but not the necessary rationale. I assumed these things because at the time Bush appeared — from the 2000 campaign through Florida through his push to cut taxes — to be a dishonest but ruthlessly effective figure. A messy, undermanned occupation would be politically fatal, I reasoned, therefore Bush wouldn't actually undertake one.
But my view of the postwar was facile. I really focused nearly all my attention to the legitimacy of the war, and almost none to its advisability. Indeed, I essentially mistook one for the other: In my mind, establishing that the United States had a moral right to enforce the truce terms of the Gulf War closed the case.
Now, why didn't I think very hard about the occupation? I think I was probably influenced by the recent history. And here is where I depart most sharply from most other liberals, especially the younger ones, who have responded to the war by adopting dramatically more anti-interventionist views on foreign policy.
The Gulf War took place during my freshman year in college. It was the first major American war since Vietnam, and the legacy of Vietnam cast a heavy shadow — the news was filled with dire warnings of bloody warfare, tens of thousands of U.S. deaths, uprisings across the Middle East. None of it happened. And again, through the nineties, the United States intervened in the Balkans twice under Bill Clinton, saving countless lives and disproving the fears of the skeptics, which had grown weaker but remained.
These events had conditioned me to trust the hawks, or at least, the better informed hawks. They also conditioned me unconsciously to regard wars through this frame, as relatively fast attacks without a heavy occupation phase. People tend to think the next war will be somewhat like the last. That is a failing I will try to avoid again.
It may be true that my formative experiences left an imprint so deep it can't be covered over. I try to guard against that. When I read younger political writers on foreign policy, I don't get the sense that they are guarding against this flaw. I get the sense that their foreign policy worldview is dominated by the Iraq War in the same way the Boomer generation is dominated by Vietnam and the generation before them by World War II. The formative event of their adulthood is the reference point for all future conflict.
For instance, Matthew Yglesias is a writer with whom I generally agree on domestic policy, but who has far more anti-interventionist views on foreign policy than I do. We sometimes fight online. One fight we had concerned a post he wrote four years ago attacking liberal humanitarian interventionism. I found this passage telling:
The basic way the conversation goes is basically that whenever humanitarian emergencies break out, we do nothing to stop them. And sometimes we invade Iraq. But then whenever anyone suggests that the U.S. commit itself to following international law and not using non-defensive military force absent a UN Security Council authorization, people show up insisting that we need to maintain the right to unilateral non-defensive war in order to stop genocide. Then whenever humanitarian emergencies break out, we do nothing to stop them.
It was of course not true that "whenever humanitarian emergencies break out, we do nothing to stop them." We stopped them in the nineties. Yglesias was writing as if that time period didn't exist. The telling thing here is that Yglesias was describing the events of the Bush administration as if they were all of history.
And I think if you look at the commentary leading up to the Obama administration's intervention in Libya, you see the same pattern asserting itself. Anti-interventionists were treating it as Iraq redux, reprising every argument they wish they could have made in 2003. But Libya was not Iraq. I'd argue it was a success — not a perfect success, but a superior alternative to standing by as tens of thousands of people were massacred.
Now I understand that I have done something graceless here, diverting a little essay about my wrongness into an attack on someone else's wrongness. The point is to try to explain forthrightly to the liberal anti-interventionists why I have not embraced their general worldview.
Anti-interventionists find this conclusion enormously frustrating. The scale of the disaster, in resources wasted and lives destroyed, feels like it ought to have a proportionate intellectual response. They believe that being right on a major event — to them, the major foreign-policy event — ought to usher in wholesale vindication, a complete sweeping out of the existing thought, and existing thinkers, that led to the disaster. I think the lessons of the failure of the war — my failure, too — need to be embraced. My reading of history is that sweeping, myopic responses to major recent events usually spawn errors of their own. The people demanding apologies today will find themselves being asked to supply apologies of their own tomorrow.


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Bed Bug Heat Treatment Equipment
The most effective plan to combat the problem of bed bugs is by heat. Bed bug heat treatment equipment in St. Petersburg. Louis uses temperatures above 130? to dehydrate and kill insects. There are different sections that are used to distribute heat evenly throughout the house to reach each bug.
Heat appliances Bed Bug Heat Treatment Equipment
Large forced heater is installed on every floor of the house to produce the extraordinary heat required to raise the temperature throughout the house. It also works to raise the temperature slowly so as to avoid burning or burning the inside of the house. For larger homes, some heaters may be used on different floors or in different rooms. Alternatively, a large heater can be equipped with a smaller one in each room. Regardless of how much heating is needed, each room will have a high-speed fan to spread the heat evenly through the room and to target problem areas. This fan works very well to get heat through cracks and cracks in the walls, thus flooding the cavity with hot air. Finally, sensors are placed in strategic locations in every room. This monitor checks to make sure the temperature reaches the desired level for the desired amount of time.
Gas Vs. Electricity Bed Bug Heat Treatment Equipment
The heater is made in two categories based on its heat source; electric or propane. The electric heater is designed to regulate quickly and quickly reach the temperature. Large heaters can be controlled in conjunction with smaller units and remote sensors connected to cables or wirelessly. The electrical system will use a large amount of electricity, thereby increasing the overall cost significantly. On the other hand, there is no open flame so that the entire process can be monitored remotely via a wireless signal. In this way, the technician can do a lot of work at once, offset some costs. Propane does use an open fire to heat the house, so it needs constant monitoring. Often, heaters are actually installed outside and hot air is pumped through small flexible vents. It also causes the temperature does not rise as fast, takes longer for the process to run. Propane is much cheaper than electricity and much more efficient.


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OCEAN CITY- The 21st Annual Ocean City Tuna Tournament got underway this morning when hundreds of boats and thousands of anglers chugged out to the canyons off the coast for the first of three official fishing days.
Tuna of all shapes, sizes and species have arrived in the waters off Ocean City in the last few weeks, jumpstarting the summer offshore season and setting the tone for what could be a memorable tournament. The event got underway yesterday with a captain's meeting and late registration before the first of three fishing days today.
The annual Ocean City Tuna Tournament is one of the highlights of the summer offshore tournament season each year, second only perhaps to the White Marlin Open in terms of prize money awarded and the number of boats and anglers participating. Thousands of spectators will cram into the Ocean City Fishing Center for the four-day event, which has become a celebration of fishing, food, live music and, of course, the daily weigh-ins at the scale.
From modest beginnings in 1988, when just 38 boats participated and a mere $9,000 in prize money was doled out to the winners, the Ocean City Tuna Tournament has grown by leaps and bounds over the last two decades. For example, last year 139 boats chugged out to the canyons off the coast to vie for the roughly $689,000 in prize money awarded.
At stake again this year in the 21st Annual Ocean City Tuna Tournament are hundreds of thousands of dollars in prize money in several categories. As the name suggests, the event is largely about tuna, but there will also be prize money awarded in several other categories including billfish and dolphin, for example. The tuna tournament will award cash prizes in two major categories: the largest single fish brought to the scale at the Ocean City Fishing Center; and the most total pounds caught over the three fishing days.
Last year, the suspense built all weekend as the teams that weighed big fish early in the tournament watched as boat after boat unloaded their catches at the scales.
When the drama ended, a mere single pound separated first place from second place in the heaviest tuna division resulting in a difference in cash payout of $351,147 for first place and $64,540 for second place. Ocean City's own "Press Time," with Captain Luke Blume, took first in heaviest tuna category with a 184-pounder caught by angler Ted D'Anna worth $351,197. The "Press Time" just edged the "Let it Ride," which hung a 183-pounder worth $66,040. The second-place single largest tuna caught on the "Let it Ride" was Third-place in the heaviest single tuna category and a check for $37,582 went to the "Cyntinory" and local angler Terry Layton.
The Heaviest Total Weight category also produced its share of drama with the crew aboard the "Instigator" taking first place with 790 total pounds and earned a check for $134,365. Second-place in the Heaviest Total Weight category went to the crew aboard the "Rhonda's Osprey," which finished with 510 total pounds after weighing two big tuna that came in around 290 pounds late Sunday.
The team on the "Rhonda's Osprey," which included several local business owners, earned over $56,000 for their second-place finish. Coming in third in the heaviest total weight division was the crew aboard the "Longfin" with 477 pounds, good enough for an $11,300 pay day.


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The next phase of NASA's commercial spaceflight effort — known as Commercial Crew Integrated Capability, or CCiCap — calls for these three companies to take their design and testing program through a series of milestones by May 2014. Optional milestones could lead to crewed demonstration flights in later years.
NASA wants to have at least one commercial space taxi carrying astronauts to and from the International Space Station by 2017. The three companies say they can meet or beat that schedule, provided that they continue to receive NASA support.
The coming phase of the spaceship development effort — known as Commercial Crew Integrated Capability, or CCiCap — is aimed at producing the design for an entire launch system, including the "space taxi" capsule and launch vehicle as well as ground and recovery operations. The three companies tapped for future funding already have received hundreds of millions of dollars from NASA during earlier development phases. Boeing has gotten $131 million for work on its proposed CST-100 capsule, Sierra Nevada has been allotted more than $125 million for its Dream Chaser space plane, and SpaceX has won $75 million to upgrade its Dragon space capsule to carry crew.
SpaceX, known more formally as Space Exploration Technologies, has also received almost $400 million from a separate NASA program to support the development of the Dragon and Falcon 9 rocket for cargo deliveries to the space station. The successful flight of a Dragon to the station and back in May opened up the way for SpaceX to start regular cargo deliveries under a $1.6 billion contract with NASA.
Other companies sought unsuccessfully to win CCiCap funding — most prominently, a consortium that included ATK, Lockheed Martin and Astrium. The consortium's Liberty launch system would adapt the ATK-manufactured solid rocket booster that was used for the space shuttle and the now-canceled Ares 1 rocket. The second stage would be based on Astrium's Ariane rocket. The composite capsule would be provided by Lockheed Martin, which is the prime contractor for NASA's more capable Orion deep-space capsule.
Other contenders from previous rounds of development included Blue Origin, which was founded by Amazon.com billionaire Jeff Bezos; and Excalibur Almaz, which is adapting Russian technology for its launch system
NASA officials have said they'd be willing to continue advising the also-rans on an unfunded basis. On the other side of the table, all of the companies involved in the CCiCap competition have said they intended to continue spaceship development efforts even if they didn't win NASA's financial support, but at a reduced pace.
What lies ahead?
Boeing, SpaceX and Sierra Nevada have said their spaceships could be ready for NASA's use in the 2015-2016 time frame if they received adequate funding from the space agency. Last month, Ed Mango, NASA's manager for the Commercial Crew Program, told me that the middle of the decade seemed doable, but suggested that 2015 might be too soon.


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Black history month? Black on white hostility celebrated this month.
And we start with the national media reporting that Philadelphia had a white riot after the Super Bowl.
Not true.
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Colin Flaherty is an award winning reporter and author of the #1 best selling book Don't Make the Black Kids Angry: The hoax of black victimization and those who enable it.
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His work has appeared in more than 1000 news sites around the world, including the New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Time Magazine. His story about how a black man was unjustly convicted of trying to kill his white girlfriend resulted in his release from state prison and was featured on Court TV, NPR, The Los Angeles Times and San Diego Union-Tribune.
He is also the author of White Girl Bleed a Lot: The Return of Racial Violence to America and How the Media Ignore it


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WDW Magic put up three new concept art images for the interior of Mexico's upcoming La Hacienda de San Angel!
Here's one of them, showcasing the floor-to-ceiling windows from which guests will be able to watch Illuminations!
Sounds like Hacienda might be opening on September 15th. I wait anxiously!
Head over to WDW Magic to see the rest!


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School's not out yet for all kids, and summer doesn't technically start for another month, but for anyone living within striking distance of the ocean — especially in places that experience cold winters — this Memorial Day holiday weekend marks the traditional start of beach season. It's time to check whether last year's sunscreen is past its expiration date, dig the bathing suit out of the bottom drawer, and wonder why you didn't get back to the gym months ago to get into some semblance of shape before venturing out onto the sand.
Most beachgoers don't stop to wonder, though, whether the sand will be there when they arrive. But beaches are a lot more transient than they appear. The constant pounding of waves, especially during storms, plus the scouring action of currents, constantly washes sand away from some stretches of coastline and deposits it somewhere else. Some beaches naturally tend to shrink, while others grow.
A beach in Baldwin County, AL prior beach renourishment.
Over time, things tend to even out, but in recent years, for many parts of the U.S., the trend has been toward shrinkage: a recent study by the U.S. Geological Survey, for example, found that 68 percent of the beaches in New England and the Mid-Atlantic states are eroding; USGS studies further south along the Atlantic and around the Gulf of Mexico are still ongoing, but according to Asbury Sallenger, who is overseeing those studies, "some barrier beaches in Louisiana are eroding by 20-plus meters [65 feet] per year. Not all of them, but enough to get your attention."
While beach erosion is perfectly natural, human activity has made it worse. When sand dunes are bulldozed to make way for condos, for example, or when the grasses that keep them intact are trampled by sun worshipers, waves that would normally break harmlessly can wash further inland, sweeping away sand at a greater rate. Sea walls can protect inland areas, but their rigid structure accentuates the waves' scouring behavior, which can up the rate of beach erosion.
Groins (pier-like structures made of rock that extend from the beach out into the water) can keep sand from drifting down the coast, but at the expense of the beaches downcurrent. And the more massive constructions known as jetties, built to keep sand from clogging harbors, can starve beaches even more severely. Folly Beach, in South Carolina, has lost enormous amounts of sand thanks to two long jetties constructed in nearby Charleston more than 100 years ago.
And then there's the growing danger of sea level rise, caused by climate change. "Even 25 years ago, sea level was rising," Sallenger said in a recent interview, "but not a heck of a lot." But that's changing as the planet's temperature keeps going up, sea water keeps expanding and ice is flowing faster to the ocean, especially in Greenland and Antarctica. "If sea level rises another foot," said Duke University beach expert Orrin Pilkey in an interview, "the shoreline in northeastern North Carolina could be pushed back 5 or 6 miles. And all of the projections I've seen suggest it will be more like 3 feet by 2100."
Siesta Key Beach Renourishment, Florida.
Even without this added factor, beach erosion has proven to be a big problem for those who own oceanfront property or work in industries related to beach tourism. In response, cities and towns up and down the coast have resorted for years to what's known as beach nourishment or beach replenishment — bringing in new sand to replace the sand that's disappeared.
During the first week of June, for example, the village of Key Biscayne, Fla., will start trucking in 44,000 tons of sand to build its beaches, at a cost of $1.67 million. In March, Atlantic City, N.J., beefed up 5.1 miles' worth of beach in an $18 million operation. In Port Saint Joe, Fla., a beach-replenishment project was completed in 2009 at a cost of $22 million, but a quarter of the sand is already gone. Officials have petitioned the federal government for another $15 million to repair the damage. A study published more than a decade ago pegged the annual cost of beach replenishment at $100 million — but it didn't include the West Coast, and costs have gone up since then.
That figure, plus the untold millions more poured into sea walls and other beach-preservation measures, would be drastically lower if people didn't love the seashore so much. "It's beautiful," Sallenger said. "Everybody wants to live there. So you build a structure, and it turns into a whole line of condos." Then, he said, a storm or two comes along, the beach is partially washed away, and the condo owners demand action. "Once you build a fixed structure," Sallenger said, "you have problems."
Those problems have gotten dramatically larger over time. If you look at hurricane-prone stretches of coastline alone, about 14 million Americans lived in harm's way in 1960; by 2009, the number had tripled. "In a lot of places," Sallenger said, "it's becoming difficult to find enough nearby, high quality sand to meet the demand."
As the ocean rises, beach replenishment will get even harder. "With even a 2-foot rise," Pilkey said, "there will be just too great a rate of loss. Then the question becomes, 'should I buy a house on the shore? Should I build one? Will my children inherit it?' Probably not, in my view."
For now, however, the prospect of rising seas, along with the climate-change-related expectation that Atlantic hurricanes could become more powerful in coming decades, hasn't had any discernible effect on coastal development. "It's kind of frightening," Pilkey said, "to think of the possibilities."
So if you're heading for the beach this weekend, or any time this summer, it might be a good idea to take a good, hard look at the expanse of sand that surrounds you. It could be something you'll want tell your grandchildren about.


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Colorful Tree-Climbing Tarantulas Found in Brazil
A scientist has discovered nine new species of colorful tree-climbing tarantulas in central and eastern Brazil, including four belonging to a mysterious, old genus and others that are quite picky about which plants to choose as homes.
"Instead of the seven species formerly known in the region, we now have sixteen," Rogério Bertanim, a researcher at Brazil's Instituto Butantan, said in a statement.
So-called arboreal tarantulas previously have been identified in a few tropical places in Asia, Africa, South and Central America and the Caribbean. (The Amazon is their core habitat). These tarantulas have a light, agile build and pads at the end of their legs that make them better equipped to climb over the smooth surfaces of tree branches and plant leaves.
"In a resurrected genus (Typhochlaena) with a mysterious single species known from 1841, we have now five species," said Bertanim. "These are the smallest arboreal tarantulas in the world, and their analysis suggests the genus to be very old, so they can be considered relicts of a formerly more widely distributed taxon."
Bertanim also described a new species, Pachistopelma bromelicola, that lives only inside bromeliads, a type of flowering plant.
"Only a single species had been known to live exclusively inside these plants, and now we have another that specialized in bromeliads as well," Bertanim added.
They found another species, Iridopelma katiae, that seems to prefer taking shelter in these same plants in its habitat at the top of mountain tables where trees are rare.
"This species also inhabits bromeliads, one of the few places for an arboreal tarantula to live that offer water and a retreat against the intense sunlight," Bertanim said.
The researcher says all the new species are highly specific to the regions where they're found and are being threatened by human activities.
The study was published online this month in the journal ZooKeys.
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Rob Kaz grew up in New Jersey, a self-trained artist, where he enjoyed surfing, skating, and hockey. After many cold and snowy winters, Rob sought warmer weather when deciding on a college and wound up in Orlando, where he earned a B.S. in Criminal Justice from the University of Central Florida (go Knights!). After his post-graduation hopes of working for the government in criminal justice came to a halt with a hiring freeze, fate stepped in. Rob began working for several small animation studios in the Central Florida area. Shortly after, Disney had closed their Florida-based animation studios, which led to Rob working with some of the most acclaimed artists of our time.
"I was alongside possibly the most talented artists I've ever known, right there in those small studios. Their influence proved invaluable," Rob proclaims.
As his career continued to take a new direction with animation, Rob had the opportunity to work in many film production areas. In particular, the time spent in character creation and environments heavily influenced his painting style. Rob worked as a character artist for Electronic Arts (EA Sports Tiburon), one of the world's leading sports entertainment brands, with top-selling video game franchises. While at EA, he created human likenesses in games such as Madden NFL football and NCAA® Football. When Rob took a leap of faith and began his fine art career, he knew one thing:
"I want people to be happy when they look at my work, so I create stories that personally make me smile or laugh. But I also want people to notice the technical side of my paintings. I put a lot of emphasis on lighting, composition, and color when I paint. I think all of these aspects ultimately play a factor in deciding the emotional outcome of a finished painting."
When Rob paints, he imagines "places he'd rather be" and envisions "friends along the way." Both are recurring themes throughout Rob's body of work, and thus his paintings easily fall into one of the two categories (if not both). One particular "friend" is Beauregard (Beau), the frog. Since his inception with "Hey You" and "Hey Me," Beau has appeared in every painting Rob has created. If a painting is not focused solely on Beau, Rob will often hide him in the painting; this is something fans have latched onto and seem to have a lot of fun within being the first to find him in the release of each new painting.
Today, Rob's work is a mirror of his animation background. Rob is one of the only few artists granted the unique opportunity and license to paint Disney films (he is a Legacy artist with Disney Fine Art). "I am one of the biggest fans of animation art you'll meet, and being able to paint Disney is really an honor," he says. "I have had the privilege of working with many Disney artists, and they inspired me to make the transition from animation to fine art."
With each Disney painting, he begins; Rob sets the ultimate goal: "I want to have the story creators and animators of the movie see my work and give a thumbs-up. In no way do I wish to dishonor their masterpieces." Rob has held many jobs—candy maker, movie projectionist, bike repairman, and bar back, but by far, being an artist is the happiest he's ever been.
Call or visit our local galleries in Laguna and Irvine for more information about procuring some of Kaz's heart-tugging artwork and other paintings for sale.
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text:
Strawberry Milkshake
Our creamy Strawberry Milkshakes are hand-spun the old-fashioned way each time and feature delicious Chick-fil-A Icedream® dessert, topped with whipped cream and a cherry (except when served via delivery).
570 Calories
19g Fat
93g Carbs
11g Protein
*Prices vary by location
Whipped Cream60 Cal
Cherry5 Cal
Chocolate Syrup$0.30 | 60 Cal
Cookie Crumbles$0.30 | 70 Cal
Whole milk and nonfat dry milk, sugar, cream, water, contains less than 1% of: whey, mono and diglycerides, corn starch, guar gum, carrageenan, calcium sulfate, cellulose gum, brown sugar, natural and artificial flavor, natural flavor, salt, caramel color, beta-carotene (color), annatto (color), strawberries (strawberries, water, sugar, corn syrup, modified food starch, contains 2% or less of each of the following: fruit and vegetable juice (color), salt, potassium sorbate as preservative, citric acid), whipped cream (cream, milk, sugar, sorbitol, contains less than 2% of: mono and diglycerides, carrageenan and natural flavor. propellant: nitrous oxide), cherries (cherries, water, corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, citric acid, natural & artificial flavor, potassium sorbate, and sodium benzoate as preservatives, FD&C red #40 and sulfur dioxide [preservative])
*2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice, but calorie needs vary. Additional nutrition information available upon request.


text:
Ranbaxy, Toansa assessment concluded: no risk to public health
European regulatory authorities have finalised their assessment of reported non-compliance with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) at Ranbaxy Laboratories' manufacturing site in Toansa, India that had led to the suspension of the GMP certificate for the site in the European Union (EU).
Although the assessment showed that there were a number of GMP deficiencies at the concerned site, assessment of all available information has reassured European regulators that there has been no risk to public health from these deficiencies.
Patients should continue to take their medicines as prescribed by their healthcare professional.
European regulators also considered the corrective measures put in place by the company and were satisfied that the measures are sufficient to ensure GMP-compliant manufacture of products at the site. As a consequence, the EU authorities will reinstate the GMP certificate which was suspended in January 2014. The certificate will be re-entered into EudraGMDP, the EU database that contains GMP certificates.
The assessment followed an inspection by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which revealed areas of non-compliance with GMP at the site. The European medicines regulatory network responded quickly to the FDA's findings, and sent a team of inspectors from Germany, Ireland and the UK, who were joined by inspectors from Switzerland and Australia to undertake an unannounced international inspection of the site.
The GMP inspection concluded that appropriate corrective and preventive measures have been put in place by the manufacturer. The inspection team concluded that there was no evidence that any medicines on the EU market that have an active pharmaceutical ingredient manufactured in Toansa were of unacceptable quality or presented a risk to the health of patients taking them. This conclusion was supported by tests of samples of these medicines, all of which met the correct quality specifications.
European regulatory authorities have identified the need to keep the Toansa site under close supervision and this will be done in collaboration with India and other regulatory authorities around the globe.
- The Toansa site had been supplying APIs for four centrally authorised medicines – Enyglid (repaglinide), Repaglinide Krka (repaglinide), Repaglinide Teva (repaglinide), and Nevirapine Teva (nevirapine) – and several non-centrally authorised medicines.
- Two GMP certificates have been issued by EU authorities - one covering active pharmaceutical ingredients that are used in medicines authorised in the EU, and a second certificate covering an intermediate of a finished medicine authorised in the EU.


text:
Security Advisories
General Info
Get Slack
Install Help
Other Sites
Mailing Lists
Yes, it's that time again! After many months of development and
careful testing, we are proud to announce the release of Slackware
version 13.1!
We are sure you'll enjoy the many improvements. We've done our best
to bring the latest technology to Slackware while still maintaining the
stability and security that you have come to expect. Slackware is well
known for its simplicity and the fact that we try to bring software to
you in the condition that the authors intended.
Slackware 13.1 brings many updates and enhancements, among which
you'll find two of the most advanced desktop environments available
today: Xfce 4.6.1, a fast and lightweight but visually appealing and
easy to use desktop environment, and KDE 4.4.3, a recent stable release
of the new 4.4.x series of the award-winning KDE desktop environment.
We continue to make use of HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) and udev,
which allow the system administrator to grant use of various hardware
devices according to users' group membership so that they will be able
to use items such as USB flash sticks, USB cameras that appear like USB
storage, portable hard drives, CD and DVD media, MP3 players, and more,
all without requiring sudo, the mount or umount command. Just plug and
play. Properly set up, Slackware's desktop should be suitable for any
level of Linux experience. New to the desktop framework are ConsoleKit
and PolicyKit. ConsoleKit handles "seats", things like dealing with
devices when switching from one user to another. PolicyKit is a system
for fine-grained access control, allowing a non-root user to run certain
tasks with elevated privilege, but more securely than if the entire task
were simply run as root.
Slackware uses the 220.127.116.11 kernel bringing you advanced performance
features such as journaling filesystems, SCSI and ATA RAID volume
support, SATA support, Software RAID, LVM (the Logical Volume Manager),
and encrypted filesystems. Kernel support for X DRI (the Direct
Rendering Interface) brings high-speed hardware accelerated 3D graphics
to Linux.
There are two kinds of kernels in Slackware. First there are the
huge kernels, which contain support for just about every driver in the
Linux kernel. These are primarily intended to be used for installation,
but there's no real reason that you couldn't continue to run them after
you have installed. The other type of kernel is the generic kernel, in
which nearly every driver is built as a module. To use a generic kernel
you'll need to build an initrd to load your filesystem module and
possibly your drive controller or other drivers needed at boot time,
configure LILO to load the initrd at boot, and reinstall LILO. See the
docs in /boot after installing for more information. Slackware's Linux
kernels come in both SMP and non-SMP types now. The SMP kernel supports
multiple processors, multi-core CPUs, HyperThreading, and about every
other optimization available. In our own testing this kernel has proven
to be fast, stable, and reliable. We recommend using the SMP kernel
even on single processor machines if it will run on them.
Here are some of the advanced features of Slackware 13.1:
- Runs the 18.104.22.168 version of the Linux kernel from ftp.kernel.org.
Also included is a kernel patched with Speakup to support speech
synthesizers providing access to Linux for the visually impaired
community. The 2.6.x kernel series has matured into a stable
kernel, and provides reliable performance for your desktop or
your production server.
- System binaries are linked with the GNU C Library, version 2.11.1.
This version of glibc also has excellent compatibility with
existing binaries.
- X11 based on the X.Org Foundation's modular X Window System.
There's been much activity in the X development world, and the
improvements in terms of performance and hardware support are
too numerous to mention them all here.
- Installs gcc-4.4.4 as the default C, C++, Objective-C,
Fortran-77/95, and Ada 95 compiler.
- Support for fully encrypted network connections with OpenSSL,
OpenSSH, OpenVPN, and GnuPG.
- Apache (httpd) 2.2.15 web server with Dynamic Shared Object
support, SSL, and PHP 5.2.13.
- PCMCIA, CardBus, USB, IEE1394 (FireWire) and ACPI support. This
makes Slackware a great operating system for your laptop.
- The udev dynamic device management system for Linux 2.6.x.
This locates and configures most hardware automatically as it
is added (or removed) from the system, and creates the access
nodes in /dev. It also loads the kernel modules required by
sound cards and other hardware at boot time.
- New development tools, including Perl 5.10.1, Python 2.6.4,
Ruby 1.9.1-p378, Subversion 1.6.11, git-1.7.1, mercurial-1.5.2,
graphical tools like Qt designer and KDevelop, and much more.
- Updated versions of the Slackware package management tools make it
easy to add, remove, upgrade, and make your own Slackware packages.
Package tracking makes it easy to upgrade from Slackware 13.0 to
Slackware 13.1 (see CHANGES_AND_HINTS.TXT). The slackpkg tool can
also help update from an older version of Slackware to a newer one,
and keep your Slackware system up to date. In addition, the
slacktrack utility (in extra/) will help you build and maintain
your own packages.
- Web browsers galore! Includes KDE's Konqueror 4.4.3,
SeaMonkey 2.0.4 (this is the replacement for the Mozilla
Suite), and the immensely popular Firefox 3.6.3, as well as
the Thunderbird 3.0.4 email and news client with advanced
junk mail filtering.
- The KDE Software Compilation 4.4.3, a complete desktop environment.
This includes the KOffice productivity suite, networking tools, GUI
development with KDevelop, multimedia tools (including the amazing
Amarok music player and K3B disc burning software), the Konqueror web
browser and file manager, dozens of games and utilities,
international language support, and more.
- A collection of GTK+ based applications including pidgin-2.7.0,
gimp-2.6.8, gkrellm-2.3.4, gxine-0.5.903, xchat-2.8.6, xsane-0.996,
and pan-0.133.
- A repository of extra software packages compiled and ready to run.
This includes the Java(TM) 2 Software Development Kit Standard
Edition, an MPlayer browser plugin, and more (see the /extra directory).
- Many more improved and upgraded packages than we can list here. For
a complete list of core packages in Slackware 13.1, see this file:
Downloading Slackware 13.1:
The full version of Slackware Linux 13.1 is available for download
from the central Slackware FTP sites hosted by our friends at
www.cwo.com and osuosl.org:
If the sites are busy, see the list of official mirror sites here:
We will be setting up BitTorrent downloads for the official ISO
images. Stay tuned to http://slackware.com for the latest updates.
Instructions for burning the Slackware tree onto install discs may
be found in the isolinux directory.
Purchasing Slackware on CD-ROM or DVD:
Or, please consider purchasing the Slackware Linux 13.1 six CD-ROM
set or deluxe dual-sided DVD release directly from Slackware Linux, and
you'll be helping to support the continued development of Slackware
The DVD release has the 32-bit x86 Slackware 13.1 release on one
side, and the 64-bit x86_64 Slackware 13.1 release on the other. Both
sides are bootable for easy installation, and includes everything from
both releases of Slackware 13.1, including the complete source code
The 6 CD-ROM release of Slackware 13.1 is the 32-bit x86 edition.
It includes a bootable first CD-ROM for easy installation. The 6
CD-ROMs are labeled for easy reference.
The Slackware 13.1 x86 6 CD-ROM set is $49.95 plus shipping, or
choose the Slackware 13.1 x86/x86_64 dual-sided DVD (also $49.95 plus
Slackware Linux is also available by subscription. When we release
a new version of Slackware (which is normally once or twice a year) we
ship it to you and bill your credit card for a reduced subscription
price ($32.99 for the CD-ROM set, or $39.95 for the DVD) plus shipping.
For shipping options, see the Slackware store website. Before
ordering express shipping, you may wish to check that we have the
product in stock. We make releases to the net at the same time as disc
production begins, so there is a lag between the online release and the
shipping of media. But, even if you download now you can still buy the
official media later. You'll feel good, be helping the project, and have
a great decorative item perfect for any computer room shelf. :-)
Ordering Information:
You can order online at the Slackware Linux store:
Other Slackware items like t-shirts, caps, pins, and stickers can
also be found here. These will help you find and identify yourself to
your fellow Slackware users. :-)
Order inquiries (including questions about becoming a Slackware
reseller) may be directed to this address: firstname.lastname@example.com
Have fun! :^) I hope you find Slackware to be useful, and thanks
very much for your support of this project over the years.
Patrick J. Volkerding <email@example.com>
Visit us on the web at: http://slackware.com


text:
Olympic Gold!
By Cheryl Pearson-McNeil
If you're one of the millions of viewers who watched the Olympics recently, you're not alone. Nielsen research shows that the all-important, mega-produced opening ceremony in London garnered a stunning 40.7 million total U.S. viewers (Blacks made up 3 million of those watching), annihilating all previously held records for a Summer Olympics broadcast. Not surprisingly, Americans are far more likely to tune in when the games are happening on home turf. Until now, Atlanta's Olympics opening ceremony in 1996, attracted the largest number of viewers with roughly 40 million. As much as we want to think of the Olympics exclusively as the world's foremost sports competition (and it is), that can catapult participants into national and even international fame (which it can), it is also a marketing bonanza for sponsors, advertisers and marketers. So, while millions of us watched with bated breath to see which of our stellar athletes or teams would ascend the podium to accept the gold, bronze or silver medals, billions of dollars were spent and/or made to capture our attention as we did all of that watching – and you thought consumerism wasn't a professional sport!
As you might expect, ratings for the Olympics will probably dwarf the com-petition for its two week-plus run when the final numbers are calculated after Sunday's closing ceremony. It's interesting to note that NBC will probably break ratings records with its Olympic coverage even though much of it was tape-delayed to run in prime-time, which some analysts believe underscores the growing power of sports programming. It's the excitement, the feeling of power and the awe that at-tracts audiences to the Olympics. You can't help but feel patriotic when you see the red, white and blue. You get to know the Olympians as if they were your best friends. So, you want to continue to tune in to cheer them on.
Let's talk about what those numbers mean. We all know that the cost of everything continues to climb over the years. Check out the increase in a 30-second U.S. commercial spot during the opening ceremony:
· In 1988, for the Seoul Olympics, a 30-second commercial cost $155,000.
· In 2000, advertisers in the Sydney opening ceremony shelled out $275,000 for a 30-second spot.
· In 2008, the cost climbed to $320,000 a spot for Beijing's opening ceremony.
· A spot in the 2012 London Olympics opening ceremony jumped up to – are you sitting down – as much as $725,000 per commercial.
Nielsen analysis shows that with some $1 billion in ad sales and another $200 million in local TV and digital ad revenue, NBC and its family of net-works, the U.S. broadcaster which aired the Olympics, may actually break even with its $1.28 billion investment into the London games. For the record, NBC owns the rights to the next four Olympics, having spent $4.38 billion for a package that extends through 2020.
The televised games provide an opportunity for a parade of brands to tap into your inner most yearnings while you are feeling patriotic, or inspired or emotional, or all three. What mother among us — who hasn't given up our early mornings, late evenings and full weekends and holidays to drive, cheer, and coerce our own little athletes toward glory – could tear our eyes away from the commercial that celebrated mothers globally? Whew. Talk about powerful stuff. My eyes were glistening as my own memories of similar mornings flitted across my mind as I watched moms across the world jostling their little ones out of bed and getting them off to practice, returning home later, to do laundry and cook and clean with the company's products. My 6'4" basketball-playing son looked on incredulously as the tears trickled down my cheeks as I watched the spot. His 16-year-old cynicism collapsing into three words: "Really Ma?! Really?"
But you know what? I don't expect him to understand why that particular commercial resonated with me. Because likewise, I don't feel any connection when my non-athletic self watches a sweaty, hoopster guzzle down energy drinks in a spot that highly resonates with him. And, that my dear fellow consumer is the true sport of advertising – connecting an audience to a product. And when a marketer does that successfully, we, as consumers, repay them with our own form of a gold medal – we purchase the product. But, just like we demand of any Olympian – be sure advertisers earn the status we give them.
Cheryl Pearson-McNeil is senior vice president of public affairs and government relations for Nielsen. For more information and studies go to www.nielsenwire.com.


text:
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- (-) Remove Ethics filter Ethics
- (-) Remove People filter People
- (-) Remove Reproduction filter Reproduction
Displaying 1 - 1 of 1 items.
Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1880-1958)
Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 15 October 1880 to Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, a suffragist, and Henry Stopes, an archaeologist and anthropologist. A paleobotanist best known for her social activism in the area of sexuality, Stopes was a pioneer in the fight to gain sexual equality for women. Her activism took many forms including writing books and pamphlets, giving public appearances, serving on panels, and, most famously, co-founding the first birth control clinic in the United Kingdom.
Format: Articles
Subject: People, Ethics, Reproduction