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The individual or committee that is responsible for the financial planning of an art glass project is faced with a difficult task. On the one hand, the cost to the purchaser may represent a sizeable expenditure to be kept as small as possible. On the other, a small budget may be an artistic or technical restraint that can prevent the glass studio from attaining the buyer's objectives.
Finalizing a budget for art glass is primarily the responsibility of the one acquiring the glass, although the designer, architect and artist will also participate actively in the budgeting process. The following are some guidelines that will be helpful to each of these parties whether they are planning a decorative project for a distinctive and gracious home, a large inspirational window in a church or some form of art glass in another kind of public place, such as a school, library or business.
In order to establish an overall budget for stained or beveled art glass it is first necessary to decide what the buyer wants to accomplish through the use of art glass.
Some typical objectives are to replace an unattractive view with a beautiful scene, to create an elegant and welcoming entrance to a home, to enhance the decor in a gracious home, to distinguish a sacred worship space from an ordinary meeting space, to inspire through the proclamation of a basic tenet of faith, and to provide privacy from those who may be able to see into bathrooms, hallways and bedrooms of homes or into private areas of churches.
Objectives may also include guidelines for how these goals are to be reached. For instance, certain colors and pattens may be specified to match a home's existing decorating scheme or prominent church symbols or events important to the congregation may be given as subjects for church windows.
Only after identifying the specific objectives for the project being planned is it possible to determine what will be necessary to be done in order to achieve them and the kind of budget that will be required to do it.
Our studio and other professionals in design, architecture, theology, and other pertinent subjects are available to assist the client in the important process of setting satisfactory objectives and of approving the budget.In these critical areas the ultimate decision-maker should be the purchaser.
The price for a stained glass or beveled glass piece will vary widely depending on the requirements of the project. However, there are TWO BASIC METHODS that are most often used to provide a starting point for determining what stained glass and beveled glass will cost.
1. The square footage of the project's area multiplied by a cost per square foot
2. A percentage of the overall cost of the building project when the project involves the creation of a new structure or a major renovation
Once the objectives of a project have been established, a feasible cost per square foot can be determined by the following variables. The combined total of all these variables is a price expressed as a rate per square foot for materials and professional services required to achieve the buyer's objectives.
the cost of design
the type of glass used
the complexity or intricacy of the design
the dimensions and shape of the piece
special techniques used in preparation of the glass, such as custom beveling, fusing, slumping, or painting and firing
production costs
the construction of a project model, colored drawings or similar sample representation
studio overhead and miscellaneous costs
The result of these variables is what is sometimes referred to as an "on-the-bench" or "in-the-studio" price. This is the price of the stained or beveled glass alone. It does not include amounts for the purchase of new frames, for the refurbishment of old frames or for any installation.
Two of the biggest direct costs that the client can influence are the amount of time necessary to develop an appropriate design and the intricacy of the design itself.
We will work with a client as much as necessary to help him identify and refine the objectives, guidelines and budget for their project. A client can facilitate the entire design process by considering information and recommendations provided in a timely manner and making decisions without undue delay.
If they can do this, we are usually able to narrow in on a style and theme or subject quickly so that long periods of inactivity, frequent revisions and the need to start over are rare.
Flexibility to achieve satisfactory objectives
Intricacy of design refers to such things as the number and shape of pieces. For instance, lots of pieces take more time to cut and assemble than just a few. However, a lot of pieces with straight edges could take less time than a few complicated curving pieces.
Size is not necessarily the most important variable in price. Sometimes on a square foot comparison a smaller panel may be more expensive per square foot than a larger one. A smaller panel is not always less expensive than one a bit larger.
Although most of our stained and beveled art glass is custom designed, we also have a very large selection of existing glass designs, bevels and religious medallions from which our clients can choose.
In many cases a third design alternative is available that is less expensive than custom design but more suitable than using a stock item by itself. This is the modification of a stock design, bevel, or medallion in order to adapt it to the client's own particular situation. This is something that we are often able to do that permits us to fit into many more budgets and still deliver a suitable and distinctive piece of art.
Therefore, the number and type of results the client is open to considering will have a significant impact on the final price of the project.
To summarize with a comparison, if the client's objectives, tastes and budget call for a Mercedes-Benz panel, we can design, build and install that. Or, we can make a Buick if that is more appropriate. We just can't make a Mercedes-Benz for the same price as a Buick.
As a matter of policy, we will not recommend a worn out used pickup truck to a prospective client that won't meet their objectives even if that is all they can afford.
This method of pricing sets the art glass budget using a certain percentage of the overall cost for a building project as the allowance for stained and beveled glass. It is then up to the glass studio and the client's entire team to come up with something and some way of doing it that will be satisfactory for this amount. Because of the variety of kinds and sizes of new construction projects, no reliable standard exists for what this percentage should actually be.
In effect, this method is deciding what to spend before deciding what you want to buy. However, an experienced glass studio shoud be able to provide examples of the kinds of projects that are feasible at different budget levels once the budget been assigned.
These examples can also be used as guidelines to set the actual percentage that wil be allowed for stained or beveled glass in the first place. Doing this in advance of construction wil also help ensure that sufficient financial resources are available to meet all of the project's objectives.
Before a glass panel can be installed, a suitable frame must be available for it. Such a frame will be attractive, easty to maintain, strong and able to accept and support the art glass. Most clients prefer that the glass studio prepare or provide such an opening and install the stained or beveled glass.
Decisions made in the areas of frames and installation can significantly affect the quality and cost of the overall art glass project. Issues concerning these areas should always be considered in the beginning of a project.
Because of the special characteristics of stained and beveled glass, many frames, such as those with lightweight hollow extruded sashes sometimes found in new homes and smooth storefront style frames in some churches are not compatible with the requirements of art glass.
Part of our service is to evaluate and advise our clients regarding their framing requirements and alternatives. This should never be left for the architect, designer or client to decide alone. The wrong frames may limit your stained glass and beveled glass options or eliminate them entirely. Or, they may complicate the installation and significantly inncrease the cost of the project.
In many cases the existing window opening is nearly ready to accept the new art glass. For instance, the new stained or beveled glass panel may simply replace the original plain glass in the frame with no further modification. The only additional work necessary is to remove the original plain glass. Therefore, the cost of any additional framing materials and installing the window is low.
In other instances, the new glass panel can be mounted against or in front of the original plain glass that is left in place. If an additional separate channel for the new glass is necessary, it can be attached to the existing frame. The cost of doing this is also relatively low.
Even when it is determined that the new art glass can be installed using the existing frames, there are factors that may contribute significantly to the project.
For instance, sections of wood frame that have rotted and disappeared may have to be replaced. A weakened or sagging frame may have to be strengthened. Inappropriate and improperly installed plastic covering may have to be removed. Or, the frame and surrounding trim may need to be preserved and painted.
Modifications to frame may also be called for in order to reduce or enlarge the size of the divisions within the opening to suit the art glass better. An additional channel to hold the art glass may also have to be fabricated and installed in order to attach the new glass to the old frame.
Besides the condition of the frame, location is also an important factor in any work done to it and installation made into it. Obviously, it will be easier and less expensive to work on a frame and install a new panel into it if it can be approached while standing on the floor than one high on the chancel wall over the organ pipes.
Sometimes it is appropriate to replace an existing frame entirely. A new frame may actually be less expensive than restoring an old one. New frames also have the advantages of being low maintenance and can be designed to include the proper kind of double-glazing if required.
This is also true when working with entrances and doors for homes. In many cases, the coverall cost-benefit favors replacing an existing "contractor's grade" prefabricated doorway with a new custom doorway.
Whether for doors or windows, new frames can be used to improve the space available for glass design. Homes often have double hung window frames divided into numerous small panes. In churches, old frames may be divided into odd patterns or rectangles or a boring pattern of rows and columns. New window rames and doors can eliminate small and unusual shaped panes.
When constructing a new building, the cost of frames for stained glass should not normally be considered part of the stained glass project budget. The reason is that even without stained glass in a window opening, some sort of frame would be needed to hold the plain glass that would otherwise be in the opening. Therefore, the elimination of stained glass from the building project does not eliminated the cost for window frames.
Further, frames designed specifically for stained glass and beveled glass are no more expensive than comparable quality frames that will not accept art glass.
One additional cost factor related to installation is the transport of the window and any craftspeople that will install it. With proper packing and handling, stained and beveled glass can be safely transported long distances. The cost of this transport will be determined by the size and nature of the art glass and the number of people needed to accompany or install it.
As a matter of business practice, we are usually involved in the installation of our own work.
As can be seen, the answer to "How much does stained and beveled glass cost?" is often "It all depends". Nevertheless, it is still possible to arrive at a price in advance that is a realistic budget for a specific project.
This will help ensure not only that the final result will be beautiful and enjoyable but that the process of acquiring it will be pleasant and go smoothly, as well.
© 2021 David Wixon and Associates
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Selvedge Denim Apron - Brimfield, September 2021
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Design Technology and Product Features
1.It is made of Polar fleece cloth that is gentle on the skin , loose-fitting, warm and comfortable to move in.
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Leniency programs have been used quite successfully around the world to battle cartels. The same holds true in Korea. Since its introduction in 1997, Korea's leniency program has become the most important and effective means of cartel discovery. Korea's leniency program was updated in 2005 which improved predictability and reliability.
From 2005 to 2018, Korea's antitrust regulator – the KFTC- applied fines in 557 cartel cases. Among those cases, 335 cartels were discovered using its Leniency Program. Or in other words, over 60 % of the cartel cases from 2005-20018 that resulted in fines were discovered because of the leniency guidelines.
What is leniency? Basically, it's a system of partial or total exoneration from penalties that would otherwise be applicable to a cartel member which reports its cartel membership to a competition or antitrust enforcement regulator. It has been used quite effectively in the US, EU and other jurisdictions. Some jurisdictions, such as the EU uses the leniency program to offer a reduction in fines up to 100%.
Korea's leniency program, is similar to the US and EU. Of course unlike the EU, which only levies administrative fines in the case of a cartel, the KFTC may refer a cartel case to the Prosecutor's Office for criminal prosecution, which makes a leniency deal to avoid prosecution quite tempting for many cartel members.
For more information on the Leniency Regime in Korea, please contact me or the antitrust practice group of Lee & Ko.


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This calculator works out an employee's net pay by subtracting PAYE, NSSF and LST from the monthly gross pay. To work out taxable pay which is the income subjected to PAYE, the calculator requires non-cash benefits and the employee's housing status.
LST should be deducted in July, August, September and October only.
If you choose to deduct LST, then you need to specify the order in which to calculate PAYE and LST. The tax that is calculated first is deducted from the income subjected to the other tax to avoid double taxation.


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Have shows come automatically to your iPod! Use the 2 Guys iTunes page here.
Listen to shows on your smartphone! Try the Stitcher app here.
"Top 5" is SO last week….this time we took a different approach.
With OG at Mickey's house, my mom's neighbor Doug co-hosts (even though he THINKS he's just coming to the basement to help with the furnace….).
PK tells us how your vote ISN'T wasted, even if you live in an overwhelmingly blue or red state.
The roundtable gives us their best advice from the past month.
We're giving away the classic The E-Myth, Why Most Small Businesses Fail and What To Do About It
(You have several ways to win: 5 entries to tweet about the show, 5 to like us on Facebook and 25 if you guess the voice on the podcast.)
Click Here For Our October Giveaway Page!
Show Notes
<> Open
<> Yahoo's Top 13 Wastes of Money. Are you guilty of any of these? Joe and Doug weigh in on our favorites, and the ones we think might not really be a waste.
<> PK from DQYDJ.net: 3rd Party voting.
<> Let's Give Something Away: Our October book giveaway is in full swing. You don't even have to listen to the show! Click here for the three ways to win.
<> On the Shortwave: Our best advice from the last month
<> Worst 5 Ways to Hire an Advisor
<> Show End
Doug: Black Book (German film about the Dutch resistance. Rated R. Thumb up, but not for kids)
Joe: 6 Days to Air (Documentary about the making of South Park. Thumb up, but not for kids)


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Explore what midas Civil can do for your projects, and what features can help for you
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Bridge Insight : New Development in Long Span Arch Bridges
One of the most crucial structural analyzes for bridge design is dynamic analysis. Static analysis is a state that does not changes over time because it ignores the effect of time and analyzes the state of equilibrium of forces in an object or system. Therefore, for static analysis problems, the shear force, moment, and deformation inside the member are determined by the size of a given load. Dynamic analysis can be said to be an analysis of the behavior of objects or systems, including changes over time (considering time or frequency).
Representatively, dynamic analysis applied to the design of bridges include dynamic moving load analysis of railway bridges and seismic design.
This page will explain the working principle and theoretical background of the functions used when performing dynamic analysis using a structural analysis program.
Fig. Dynamic analysis
In seismic design, seismic behavior analysis methods are divided into static analysis and dynamic analysis methods. Dynamic analysis methods include Response Spectrum Analysis and Time History Analysis specified by the Uniform Building Code (UBC). The most generalized method is the Response Spectrum analysis method. In order to use the response spectrum analysis, it is necessary to understand the design response spectrum, eigenvalue analysis and mode superposition method to calculate dynamic characteristics such as natural periods and mode shapes of structure.
Fig. Seismic design process
Response Spectrum Analysis can be divided into single-mode spectrum analysis method and multi-mode spectrum analysis method depending on the analysis method. For complex structures such as bridges, multi-mode spectrum analysis method is used because several vibration modes affect the structure in a complex manner, and the response spectrum analysis in bridge analysis generally means a multi-mode spectrum analysis.
Also called Equivalent Static Analysis, it is a method applied to a structure with a regular shape where the stiffness and mass of the structure do not change significantly.
The effects of earthquakes are converted into Equivalent Static Forces using the fundamental period structures. In addition, by performing elastic analysis, member forces and displacements are obtained, and the seismic response of the entire structure is calculated.
The Response Spectrum analysis assumes a Multi-Degree of Freedom (MDOF) as a complex Single-Degree of Freedom (SDOF), and sets the maximum response (displacement, velocity, acceleration) of the system as a function of the natural vibration period(Tm). The deformation, velocity, and acceleration, which are the maximum response values of the system, are expressed as a function of Tm, and are called deformation response spectrum, relative velocity response spectrum, and acceleration response spectrum, respectively.
A typical structure is infinite number of degrees of freedom system formed by infinite material particles. The mass distributed in these systems can be calculated by assuming that such system is concentrated at several points. Such vibration systems are called MDOF structures.
For example, in the case of a rigid body motion, it has 3 degrees of freedom for translation motion and 3 degrees of freedom for rotational motion, resulting in a total of 6 degrees of freedom.
The design response spectrum used for seismic design of bridges is generally the design spectra defined in the design standards as shown in the figure below.
Fig. Design response spectrum
AASHTO and Eurocode provide equations for calculating for Tb, Tc, Td, and its corresponding acceleration values, and the site factor (soil factor), importance factor, damping correction factor, spectral acceleration coefficient, and the peak ground acceleration coefficient are used as variables. However, careful consideration must be taken when using these specifications because the y-axis of the AASHTO spectrum is the acceleration (A) divided by the gravitational acceleration (g), and the Eurocode is the acceleration multiplied by the gravitational acceleration.
For seismic design, we obtain the acceleration values corresponding to the natural period of the structure obtained through the eigenvalue analysis from this spectrum. This value can be obtained from the maximum deformation of the structure and can be created through the same process as described below.
When the equation of motion is calculated through dynamic analysis, the member forces and stresses required for structural design can be determined through static analysis for each natural period of the structure. For this static analysis, the concept of equivalent static force is necessary.
Suppose that deformation u(t) occurs when an external force F(t) that changes over time acts on a structure with lateral stiffness (k) as shown in the figure below. By recording the deformations at every instant, the deformation response history can be recorded, and this process becomes the dynamic analysis.
Fig. Schematic of equivalent static force
F(t) can be defined as an external force that generates a deformation u(t) (obtained through dynamic analysis) in a structure with stiffness 'k'. In other words, it is possible to define a static load capable of generating static deformation of the same size as the dynamic deformation u(t) in the structure at any given time (t), and this load is defined as the equivalent static load fs(t).
The 'k' in the equivalent static load equation can be expressed as a function of natural frequency, as shown below:
Fig. A function of natural frequency
From this equation, the concept of pseudo-acceleration, A(t) can be obtained and expressed as a function of deformation and natural frequency. Note that the pseudo-acceleration is a value obtained from deformation, unlike the general concept of acceleration that represents a change in velocity. Furthermore, it can also be seen that the elastic seismic coefficient term is derived by modifying this equation.
When an external force is applied to a single-degree of freedom (SDOF) system without damping effect, it performs a simple harmonic motion in the form of a sine wave. The time it takes for a system to freely vibrate one cycle is called the natural period of vibration, and the unit is in seconds (sec). The natural frequency (ωn = 2π / Tm ) with unit in rad/sec, has an inverse relationship with the natural vibration period Tm (natural frequency decreases as the natural period increase). If the undamped vibration system is assumed, it can be expressed as (ωn = √(k/m)), so the higher the stiffness of the structure, the faster the frequency, and inversely, the higher the mass, the lower the frequency.
The pseudo-acceleration response spectrum is the plot of the pseudo-acceleration as a function of the natural period of the structure. Here, the pseudo-acceleration can be determined from the equation for calculating A(t) and the peak deformation of the deformation response spectrum
The equation for calculating the pseudo-acceleration was derived from the equivalent static load, and the displacement response spectrum can be determined through the following process:
Fig. Procedure to determine the deformation response spectrum
Assume the deformation response of three SDOF systems with constant damping ratio and different natural periods as shown in the figure above. The deformation response spectrum can be represented as a function of the natural vibration period and the maximum deformation of each ground motion system. Furthermore, it has physical properties that show that the longer the period, the greater the maximum deformation value.
It can also be seen from the equation that the pseudo-acceleration can be obtained by multiplying the maximum deformation by the square of the natural vibration period, and the deformation response spectrum can be converted to a pseudo-acceleration response spectrum.
Fig. Pseudo-acceleration response
From above figure, it can be seen that the shape of the pseudo-acceleration response spectrum is similar to that of the design response spectrum. Furthermore, it can also be seen that the response spectrum is related to the maximum deformation of the structure.
The relationship between the maximum displacement and natural vibration periods obtained through the SDOF spectrum analysis can be expressed as follows. 'A', 'V' and 'D' are the pseudo-acceleration, pseudo-velocity, and peak value of deformation, respectively.
A = ωn V = (ωn^2)D
As can be seen from the above equation, if the deformation response spectrum is known, the pseudo-velocity spectrum and the pseudo-acceleration spectrum can be obtained through algebraic operation. These three spectra only represent the structure's response differently, but each provides physically meaningful values ('A', 'V', D are related to the maximum values of the equivalent static load and the base shear force, the maximum deformation energy stored in the structure during an earthquake, and the maximum displacement of the system, respectively). Furthermore, to make the design spectrum easy to calculate, a combination spectrum was developed by 'Veletsos' and 'Newmark'.
The combination spectrum is a combination of three response spectrums on a four-way logarithmic paper.
Fig. Combined D-V-A response spectrum
We should pay attention to the information available from this graph. From this graph, it can be seen that there are sections where acceleration, velocity, and displacement are almost constant. The acceleration sensitive region is the region where the response of the structure is most directly related to the ground acceleration, the velocity-sensitive region is related to the ground velocity, and the displacement-sensitive region is most directly related to the ground displacement.
The two cases below explain how each section related to the response of a structure.
Fig. Vibration models with extremely different natural vibration periods
The acceleration defined as the absolute value of a structure with a period of zero (the state where the ground and the structure are completely fixed and the relative displacement, relative velocity, and relative acceleration are all zero) converges to the peak ground acceleration. Conversely, in the case of infinitely periodic structures, the movement of the ground has no effect on the structure, so the relative deformation between the building and the ground becomes the same as the deformation of the ground itself. In other words, the displacement response of the structure does not diverge indefinitely, but converges to the peak ground displacement.
The location dividing each sensitive region can be defined, and the reference point that divides this region and location becomes the basis of the design spectrum. The design spectrum is a diagram that shows the functions of acceleration and period on an arithmetic scale, starting with PGA and continuing to the acceleration and velocity regions.
Structures have natural vibration characteristics depending on their shape, material, and boundary conditions. Natural vibration characteristics refers to a free vibration state that does not receive any external forces. The analysis method to find these characteristics is called mode analysis, eigenvalue analysis, or free vibration analysis. Through the eigenvalue analysis, it is possible to know the natural frequency of the structure and the corresponding eigen-mode. The natural frequency represents the degree of how quickly it repeats per unit time, and the eigen-mode refers to a shape that can be freely deformed under a given constraint.
The natural vibration characteristics of the structure can be obtained from the undamped free vibration, which is a state that is not affected by external forces. Since it is an undamped free vibration, a dynamic equilibrium equation in which the damping matrix and external force are zero can be created. Furthermore, the natural frequency and eigen-mode can be calculated by assuming the displacement vector u(t) as the product of the displacement shape function and the time function. The MDOF system can be calculated in the same way as the SDOF system, except that the stiffness and mass are in matrix form.
The smallest natural frequency (longest natural vibration period) is referred to as the fundamental natural frequency of a structure, and is used as an important measurement of the dynamic characteristics of the structure. By knowing the natural frequency, corresponding mode shapes (free vibration mode, vibration mode or mode) can be obtained. The free vibration mode, which is the main problem of eigenvalues, represents only its shape as a combination of relative values, and assumes an absolute size as an arbitrary value. Therefore, since it is inconvenient to use the amplitude of the mode as an arbitrary value in numerical analysis, determining the amplitude of the mode shape according to a certain criterion is referred to as the normalization of the mode shape, and the mode obtained is called the normal mode.
The degree of freedom increases indefinitely as the analysis model of the structure becomes realistic. Since modes are created as much as the number of degrees of freedom the structure has, a situation arises in which a system of differential equations having as many unknowns as the number of degrees of freedom must be solved. Therefore, an appropriate degree of freedom should be selected and analyzed for efficient dynamic analysis, and one of the effective ways to reduce the degree of freedom is the mode superposition method using the eigenvector of the structure.
As mentioned above, accurately modeling the stiffness matrix in a structural analysis model that is similar to the actual behavior results in a greater degree of freedom. The mode superposition method does not consider all of these degrees of freedom in the dynamic analysis, but is a method of increasing the efficiency by including only the eigenvector or Ritz Vector, which has a major effect on the dynamic analysis. The figure below shows the basic concept of the mode superposition method, and shows that the deformed shape of a structure with multiple degrees of freedom can be expressed with only one representative mode.
Fig. Basic concept of the mode superposition method (selection of degree of freedom)
In general, the mode superposition method uses eigenvectors to solve equations of motion. In this case, since all of the matrix terms become diagonal matrices, each degree of freedom is transformed into an uncoupled ordinary differential equation.
Subspace Iteration matrix calculation is used to perform eigenvalue analysis. This method is effectively used when performing eigenvalue analysis for a finite element system of a large scale (large matrix system)
Tridiagonal Matrix is used to perform eigenvalue analysis. This method is effectively used when performing eigenvalue analysis for lower modes.
The Ritz method is used to obtained the natural frequency after replacing it with a SDOF structure by assuming the mode shape of the MDOF structure. As an extension of the Rayleigh-Ritz method, an improved Ritz vector can be obtained through an iterative calculation process using inertial forces. Even though the displacement of a structure can be approximated by some shape, it is assumed that the displacement is approximated by several Ritz vectors instead of one shape. By using the eigenvalues reflecting the characteristics of the dynamic loads, it is possible to obtain more accurate results than the general eigenvectors with relatively small number of modes.
Response spectrum analysis is performed using the natural vibration period and the elastic earthquake response coefficient of the structure obtained through the eigenvalue analysis. The member forces and displacements are obtained by combining the values obtained in the individual modes.
Since the maximum values for each mode do not occur at the same time, individual mode responses can be superimposed by 'Square Root of the Sum of the Squares' (SRSS) or 'Compete Quadratic Combination' (CQC) method to calculate the maximum values of member forces and displacement.
Fig. Modal combination concept
In general, the SRSS method can be applied to all types of bridges, but it is known that large errors may occur in bridges where the spacing between modes is narrow due to the special geometry of the bridge. For the combined response of such bridges, there is the CQC method in which the contribution of each mode is weighted and combined.
The SRSS method, which is the most commonly used method, renders close approximations of design response for a structure exhibiting well-distributed natural frequencies. However, it tends to overestimate or underestimate the combination for a structural system with close natural frequencies, which can be found in a multi-span bridge with continuous short spans. Another drawback is that it loses signs in the process of combination.
The CQC method considers the probabilistic correlation between modes for a structural system with close natural frequencies, which can be found in a multi-span bridge with continuous short spans. By applying the correlation factor in combination using close natural frequency ratios, the overestimation or underestimation problem can be resolved. If the damping ratio is zero, it is the same as the results of SRSS.
The ABS method renders the largest responses among different combination methods. The signs are neglected by the use of absolute values. It tends to overestimate the response results. When a specific ratio such as the 100:30 rule is applied after combining the analysis results in each direction considering the directionality of earthquakes, the maximum response is obtained by summing the absolute results in three directions.
The disadvantage of mode-specific combination methods (SRSS, CQC, ABS) is that the effect of signs (positive, negative) between modes cannot be considered. This result affects the sign of the member force for the main member, causing the problem of being overestimated or underestimated in the combination of the member force with the forces that the direction of gravity. This can be said to be a fundamental problem of the response spectrum analysis modal combination method. An alternative must be considered when dynamic analysis using a structural analysis program.
For example, in the case of MIDAS civil, a method of calculating the combination result using the sign of the major mode that contributes the most to the behavior of the structure is proposed. For most structures, the mass participation rate or contribution of the 1st mode for each direction is the largest, so if the combination is performed in consideration of the sign of the 1st mode for each direction, errors in the combination result can be resolved to some extent. However, the effects of higher-order mode may be significant if the structure is highly irregular or torsional, making it difficult to distinguish the main mode. In this case, it is preferable to apply the sign for the mode with the greatest absolute value among the results for each mode.
It is necessary to secure structural stability and serviceability of railway bridges through dynamic analysis reflecting the continuous and periodic load characteristics of trains. The dynamic analysis of railway bridges is to examine the possibility of resonance occurrence by matching the natural frequency of the bridge with the frequency of the train's effective strike interval.
Fig. Dynamic analysis of railway bridge
The critical speed that can cause resonance can be estimated in advanced by the product of the natural frequency of the 1st vertical mode obtained through the eigenvalue analysis and the effective strike distance of the train. Moreover, an interpretation of this speed should also be included in the analysis.
With the results of the dynamic analysis of trains, it is necessary to review the structural stability as well as the limitations on the maximum vertical deflection, maximum vertical acceleration, and maximum end-rotation angle.
The Time History Analysis method is used to calculate the actual behavior (displacement, member forces, etc) of the structure at any given time using the dynamic characteristics of the structure and the external forces applied, and is used when the distinction between modes is not clear or nonlinear analysis is required.
Time history analysis methods include the 'Mode Superposition Method' and the 'Direct Integration Method'. When the time history analysis is used for seismic analysis, it is an accurate analysis method that can find out the behavior of a structure when the change in the ground motion caused by an earthquake over time is known, but it has a disadvantage that it is difficult to accurately predict the expected ground motion. In seismic analysis, as mentioned above, the response spectrum analysis method more commonly used, and for railway bridge dynamic analysis, which has periodic loads, the time history analysis should be performed.
In the time history analysis, the time variable is very important. The analysis time should be enough for the train to pass completely from the start to the end of the bridge. Since the time interval is a variable that significantly affects the accuracy of the analysis results that are closely related to the period of the higher-order mode and the period of the load, it is necessary to check the values suggested by the design criteria or the structural analysis program.
A method of obtaining the structure's behavior over an entire time interval by repeating the process of obtaining the structure's behavior at the next point in time when the behavior at one point in time is obtained.
A method of obtaining the theoretically accurate response time history analysis by dividing the structure's behavior into the behavior of each mode and superimposing the responses in all modes.
The load function inputted in the analysis is calculated according to the length of the element and the distance between the vehicle wheels, and is then entered to each node according to the arrival time.
Multiple loads should not be superimposed onto one element.
Although the train load can be defined using a structural analysis program, moving from i to i+1 is considered loading, and moving from i+1 to i+2 is considered unloading, as shown in the figure below, and can be written as a triangular pulse load.
Fig. How to transform a moving load to dynamic loads using time function


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Theo nguồn tin trên trang mạng của prnewswire.com
Company launching tour and contest to coincide with release of dino-themed blockbuster movie "Jurassic Park 4". Interested Central Florida Schools should contact National Entertainment Group to be included in the tour.
Apr 07, 2015, 10:47 ET from National Entertainment Group
ORLANDO, Fla., April 7, 2015 /PRNewswire/ — Welcoming new additions to the family is always exciting, but for Orlando-based National Entertainment Group, the "young ones" are something out of a different time period – the Jurassic Period, to be exact. Beginning in April, a pair of life-like baby T-Rexes will be making the rounds of Central Florida schools to entertain staff and students; during the tour, National Entertainment Group is holding a contest for schoolchildren to pick out names for the "tyrannical" toddlers.
Photo – http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20150407/196994
Photo – http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20150407/196995
As a premier entertainment and talent management company, National Entertainment Group has enthralled and amazed audiences for more than a decade. Among the company's most popular attractions is its collection of costumed Dinosaurs and Robots. When the company recently added two baby T-Rexes to the menagerie, the team realized the precocious carnivores lacked one important thing – names. That's where area schoolchildren enter the picture.
National Entertainment Group will be touring local schools with its famous dinosaurs, setting up fun-filled activities to complement the main attractions. These festivities will coincide with the June theatrical release of "Jurassic Park 4." Children will be asked to enter baby names suggestions; contest winners will each receive an iPad Mini. The company is asking for Central Florida Schools to contact them if they would like to be included in the one-hour visit.
Founder and CEO Richard Barker believes connecting with area schools provides a chance not only to entertain, but also to educate young people. "We let guests get really up close and personal with our animated and life-like dinosaurs. The experience is amazing since the dinosaurs actually interact in real time (there is a person inside operating the dinosaur). We believe this tour will make a big impression on everyone, not to mention give us some great ideas for baby T-Rex names."
National Entertainment Group has even more thrilling dino-related activities in the works. The company is developing a new show "Wild About Dinosaurs," an interactive game in which players can "hunt" dinosaurs with an air blaster and then feed them some of their favorite morsels. The action-packed game will have an educational theme, as players learn about dinosaurs and fossils along the way. Already the dinosaurs will visit 32 States and 4 Canadian Provinces this summer as part of a National tour.
Barker encourages anyone interested in the Transformer Robot show; the incredible Hypnotist show or the new Prehistoric attractions for an upcoming event to call National Entertainment Group at 877-383-6056 today for a quick quote from an expert and courteous staff person.
About National Entertainment Group
National Entertainment Group provides the very best entertainment today. A diverse talent pool of professional entertainers and staff ensures all clients have a wonderful, memorable event. National Entertainment Group specializes in fairs and festivals, as well as school and college events. The company also supplies headline acts for Carnival Cruise Line, including Richard Barker Comedy Hypnotist.
National Entertainment Group represents local and national touring acts, along with highly regarded international variety shows.
Richard Barker
National Entertainment Group
(877) 383-6056
SOURCE National Entertainment Group
Related Links


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8Miles to the Course
This home has 7 bedrooms, plus a bonus room, and 5 bathrooms. It is located in Pecan Grove in North Augusta. Located on the first floor is the dining room, living room, kitchen, one bedroom with a queen bed and a full bathroom. The second floor has the master bedroom with a king bed, fireplace, workout equipment, and a full bathroom. There are also three other bedrooms, two have queen beds and one has a full bed. Two of the bedrooms share a Jack and Jill bathroom, while the other has a full bathroom. On the third floor are two bedrooms and a game/bonus room. The two bedrooms both have queen beds and share a full bathroom. The game room has plenty of seating, a Ping Pong table, Air Hockey table, and a Foosball table. A bed can be put in to make 8 bedrooms. All bedrooms have TVs with cable, HD, or satellite. WiFi available. Outside there is a covered area with a grill, and a fire pit.
Smoking allowed in home? No
Animals allowed in home? No
Smoke detectors available? Yes
Carbon Monoxide detector available? Yes
First Aid Kit available? Yes


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When you take out a title loan, most lenders will let you keep and drive your vehicle as long as you make the agreed-upon payments. But what happens if your car is totaled and you have a title loan? The situation can seem overwhelming, but don't panic! Your car insurance policy (something that most title loan lenders require for title loans) should be helpful, and your lender should be accommodating as well.
Here is what to do if your car is totaled, and you have a title loan. Along with that, you'll find out more information on how title loans work in general.
Getting in Touch with Your Car Insurance ASAP
If your car is totaled, the first thing you should do is let your insurance provider know. If a car accident occurs due to someone else, make sure to have the other person's car insurance as well. Both parties should let their insurance companies know about the accident.
Most auto insurance companies will ask for your statement and ask for photos of the damage. The good news is that most basic car insurance policies do offer full collision coverage/comprehensive coverage which will cover a vehicle if it is totaled. Keep in mind, every policy may differ when it comes to determining whether a vehicle is a total loss. Generally, if the cost of repairs are a huge percentage of your vehicle value, then your insurance company will consider it a total loss.
If the accident is someone's fault, liability coverage from the insurance should take care of damages for both vehicles.
When your car is totaled, your insurer will come up with a fair market value for your car and should provide reimbursement for the vehicle.
Keep in mind after an accident your deductible will go up each month.
Once you have your insurance coverage sorted out, all that is left to do is figure out where to allocate your funds.
Let Your Lender Know About Your Car Being Totaled and You Have a Title Loan
Another important party to keep updated about your vehicle's condition is your title loan lender. If your vehicle is totaled, you should let them know. Often there will be details in your title loan contract that a loan agent can go over with you. They should also be able to answer any questions that you may have about the process.
With your insurance covering your vehicle's value, it shouldn't be difficult to repay your title loan, especially if you only have a few payments left.
While waiting for your total loss claim to be processed, make sure to:
- continue making both your title loan payments and insurance payments.
- Keep your title loan company updated on the situation and on your totaled vehicle.
The Importance of Continuing Your Car Title Loan Payments
When taking out a title loan, you will have to sign a loan agreement. This means that you are legally bound to continue your payments. Your title loan lender may be able to work with you during an emergency, however, it is extremely important to continue your repayment Until the full loan amount is repaid. If your loan has defaulted it can have a huge impact on credit history, and on your credit score.
Be Prepared When Taking Out a Title Loan
A title loan is a large responsibility. If you don't have the coverage you need, while repaying a title loan, and your car is totaled, will have to cover the title loan payments out of pocket. And so, in addition to being a safe driver, it will be extremely important to get a comprehensive coverage policy. Additionally, it may be helpful to understate how your specific state laws and how they work with auto accident laws.
When Looking for a Funding Start with Max Cash® Title Loans
For those who are researching how title loans work, and where to get one, Max Cash Title Loans is here to help. We are the #1 online nationwide title loan marketplace. Whether you have a new car, or a used one, we may be able to help. We help people connect with title loans for fast cash!5
Here are some of the perks that could come for borrowers when working with us, and the lenders that we work with:
- Flexibility throughout the process— all the lenders that we work with offer flexibility with several aspects of the title loan.4 And so, if an emergency does occur, you rest assured that they will try their best to work with.
- Competitive interest rates— from beginning to end, the interest rates with the lender that we work with could mean a great deal.4
- Affordable loans— get low monthly payments from beginning to end.4
- A simple 3 step process — in 3 simple steps you could get the funds that you need.
- No hidden fees — you can rest assured everything is transparent, and so there will never be any hidden fees.3
- No pre-payment penalties — pay your loan back as early as you would like without any fees or penalties.3
- Short term or long-term repayment— you could get a range of repayment terms when working with us and the lenders that we work with.4
If a title loan seems like the right option for you, or if you are looking to refinance your existing title loan for added flexibility, start with our team. Getting started is simple, head to our website and apply, or give us a call at: (855) 561-5626. Once approved, get the funds for a car title loan in as little as 24 hours!1 2


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Baron has resolved to stop eating the floor.. lol
Views: 457
Sparty plans to eat and bark more, Izzy plans to sleep more, and Misty (honorary corgi) plans to catch a squirrel.
Sidney has resolved not to mess with perfection :)
Lilliput resolves to get us all shaped up and in our places, once and for all.
Oliver resolves to finally catch that sunbeam.
Yoda resolves to not roll in any poop, and Chewie resolves not eat any poop!
Wynn, Wiley and Teddy= to bark less.
Bella= to have beautiful,healthy new babes.
Tank= not to jump.
Livvy= mind my own business and not the other doggie's.
Sage= to be the best Therapy dog ever:)
Waffle resolves to not freak out when we're at agility and a drop of water falls on his head.
Leena says she'll stop headbutting papa when he tries to cuddle. Also, she promises not to wreck every toy this year.
Austin resolves to conquer his tail envy, (or at least not freak out quite so much when a tailed is wagged nearby) and, I hope , he resolves to cuddle just a few minutes more each day.
Ginger resolves to be even more bossy. l'm hoping to keep her from keeping this resolution :)
Dino said the same thing to be more bossy. And he got a ipaw for Christmas the doggy ipad.
Where did you find that? Ginger loves to stick her nose on my iPhone when I'm using it.


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Big Bubble Winner: It's hard to accurately describe how big the win at Kentucky is for the program, then to come back and not only hand Georgia a loss, but beat them up a little. Arkansas fans are starting to believe again. I wasn't around for a lot of the 90s magic, but I'd like to think I saw a little of it Saturday. The harassing defense, the highlight reel plays, the insanely loud crowd – it was fantastic. The Hogs made a statement to the nation last week and walked out ahead of the pack of teams on the bubble.
Coty Clarke – After a stellar week at the office, senior Coty Clarke has been named SEC Player of the Week. The senior averaged 17 points and five boards this week in two big wins and I'd like to think I had a little bit to do with that. Clarke has been terrific during Arkansas' stretch of seven wins in eight tries. I could go on and on and on about how Coty is THAT dude on this ball club, but I'll just redirect you to the column I wrote on him that was apparently the motivation behind his PotW performances.
Grading CMA – After the three week stretch Arkansas has had, winning seven of eight, you might think Mike Anderson would be getting some love from the Hog (message board) faithful. And he is a little bit. This is a thread from Hogville asking message boarders to grade CMA's season. There's a poll attached and it doesn't look good. But it is on the up and up. It's crazy to see how just a month ago lots of fans were questioning if Anderson is the right guy.
Swept – So technically, Arkansas didn't get swept by South Alabama at Baum Stadium, but they did get swept in Saturday's doubleheader. Yes, Arkansas lost two games on Saturday to a club that BATTED OUT OF ORDER IN FRIDAY'S GAME. Outside of Jalen Beeks on the mound, Arkansas needs to come up with answers. And the bats went cold again, similarly to last season at times. I'm concerned about the trip out West this week.
Tweet of the Week
It's that SZN! @BretBielema pic.twitter.com/0Ur3dE74Hw
— Spook (@W_Gragg7) March 1, 2014
There are no words. Just so much awesome in this picture.


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Wedding Videographer Styles of Operation There is a time for posed, formal videofooatge – at your photo session. Frequently you can find two image sessions, one used before the ceremony, with men and ladies kept split, and one presented following the ceremony. For me, a marriage Videographer ought to be informed that here is the only opportunity to get asked footage and that he must be sufficient to fully capture all the footage as though he were a professional function Videographer – oh delay, he IS (supposed to be) a professional occasion Videographer. Event Videographers and photographers are likely to have the ability to unobtrusively report an occasion without interrupting it to stage and present for video, etc.
Puppeteers However, most brides are unacquainted with that small fact. All things considered, she just has to select a marriage Videographer after in her living (hopefully). Therefore what happens when she uses a marriage Videographer who cannot capture as an function Videographer? One that thinks he must certanly be in charge of every thing and that every shot must be sat in order to get an easy and easy montage. I'm happy you requested, since today we are addressing the whole purpose of that article. These people behave like puppeteers with you and your lick since the puppets. You are never remaining alone to savor your day. There will be no informal footage of you and your lick, buddies and household having a good time, partly since all video is likely to be staged and partly because the wedding Videographers could make it burdensome for people to really have a good time.
It starts as the bride and bridesmaids are becoming ready. Some Videographers should come in to the space and remain out from the way and gently get some informal pictures, then ask for a few asked pictures, then leave. Those would be the pros. Regrettably, most are perhaps not benefits and can float over the bride and bridesmaids, constantly harassing them for presented shots, so that the bride and her friends may barely discover any time to chat easily and take pleasure in the moment.
The Wedding Ceremony During the ceremony, a time which should have reverence, a time that should fit to you and your lick, I see these wedding Videographers regularly turning their video lights on and down and walking straight back and forth in front of guests. They be seemingly doing a much better work of unproductive your visitors than of having excellent shots. A professional wedding cinematography NY should be able to protect this from a tripod further back the area, employing a telephoto contact and without lights. He shouldn't be going about and annoying people. The reason and emphasis of a marriage ceremony should be you, your lick and your guests – maybe not a marriage Videographer (and not a marriage shooter either).
Image Procedure I've observed after-ceremony picture sessions run two hours and longer. By that point, guests at the party had grown tired of waiting and had begun leaving. This is simply not how you want your wedding recalled! An actual "professional" Videographer may increase the image session less than 10 moments to have some specific video footage.
Reception That is wherever it surely gets poor! Wedding Videographers know they want good photos of the main activities – great entrance; first dances; cake-cutting; toasts; arrangement drop; garter drop; etc. A genuine skilled wedding Videographer are certain to get these pictures "relaxed design" by remaining out from the way, however shut enough to have the shots. You, your lick and guests will see he is there and you will see camera lights, but he will not be really unproductive or obtrusive.
Nevertheless, the majority I've observed are not benefits and they have number assurance inside their power to get these photographs without staging them. They'll not allow you to and your groom appreciate such things as cake-cutting and toasts without trying to govern you both like you were puppets. Envision going during your party while continually being informed how to proceed by the wedding Videographer! This is not a "wedding dinner", this is a "modeling procedure"!


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Achieve Private Wealth, a private wealth advisory practice of Ameriprise Financial Services, LLC.
Financial, Financial Services, Insurance, Investments
- Member:
- Paula Dougherty
- Contact Name:
- Paula Dougherty Private Wealth Advisor
- Call them up:
- 417-877-0252
- Email them:
- firstname.lastname@example.com
- Address:
Kensington Office Place
1525 E. Republic Road B-115
Springfield, MO 65804
- About:
We partner with individual's, families and business owners truly interested in doing better for themselves financially through our unique, thorough financial planning tools. We offer retirement plans including SIMPLE IRA's, Traditional/Roth IRA's and SEP/IRA's, as well as life, disability and long term care insurance . Investment products are not federally or FDIC-insured, are not deposits or obligations of, or guaranteed by any financial institution, and involve investment risks including possible loss of principal and fluctuation in value. We also are a full service brokerage firm. Investment advisory products and services are made available through Ameriprise Financial Services, LLC, a registered investment adviser.


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The demonization of ICE just had a serious setback. While putting the former director on the hotseat, Mr. Homan made his accusers look like chumps.
It wasn't just one Democrat, that got 'rekt' either.
Let's start with AOC. She seemingly hasn't met an ICE agent that she doesn't think is the devil himself.
She got her chance to question Mr. Homan but had more than met her rhetorical match.
She tried to paint him as a bad guy for signing a particular memo.
Her narrative gets destroyed in 3…
tfw the facts and logic kick in pic.twitter.com/SKFnqxU5bv
— The Daily Wire (@realDailyWire) July 12, 2019
What point was she trying to make? You're separating parents and children, so you are a bad man. Homan made the very obvious point that EVERY law enforcement action — including arrests for DUI or domestic abuse — separates parent and children.
That put her back on her heels. But she wasn't giving up that easily.
Those arrests involved a crime. Seeking asylum is not a crime.
Then come to the lawful point of entry and seek it. These people crossed illegally and broke the law in the process. That literally IS a crime.
But her questions didn't sink to the lowest of lows in attacking and insulting public servants who had served for decades in law enforcement. It took Dem Rep. Garcia's unfounded accusations of racism and disregard for human life to hit THAT particular low.
He stepped in it big-time. Accused him of racism and not caring about the deaths of people who didn't look like him. 'Have you ever held a dead child'?
Homan wasn't going to sit there and take that abuse.
This is insanity:
Dem Rep. Garcia claims Former ICE Director Thomas Homan doesn't care about children because "these children do not look like children that are around you."
Then he asks, "Have you ever held a deceased child in your arms?"
Homan UNLOADS on him in response: pic.twitter.com/HMw7o4Z85v
— Caleb Hull (@CalebJHull) July 12, 2019
Homan tore him a new one. It was absolutely devastating.
If that's an example of what 'oversight' will look like under these petty idiots, it's already time to take that gavel out of their hands again.
We've all seen the dishonest games the left have played with the power they're entrusted with, they're obviously unworthy of that trust.
But what about 2020? Could a moral person pull a lever for Trump with their integrity intact? Would Jesus himself vote for Trump? We're glad you asked. There's a brand new book that covers precisely that question:
"Would Jesus Vote For Trump?" by Doug Giles and Brandon Vallorani.
Would Jesus ever choose someone, with a less than stellar past, to be a leader? Would Jesus be cool with how Trump blasts CNN, The Left, and his feckless 'compadres' on The Right? What about Health Care? Would the Great Physician give Trump's opposition to ObamaCare the 'two thumbs up?' Find out in this BEST-SELLER!
By the way, since Facebook has unpublished ClashDaily's page, your best bet to keep in the loop is to Subscribe to our ClashDaily Newsletter right here:
Become a Clash Insider!
Sign up for our free email newslettaer, and we'll make sure to keep you in the loop.
But, you know us here at Clash, we don't give up that easily. We've set up an outpost behind enemy lines. If you're still on Facebook, check out our brand new ClashBriefing page.
We've also moved to a new social media platform, MeWe. It's like Facebook without the data breaches and censorship.
Sign up and you can still get all the ClashDaily goodness by joining our MeWe group.
Stay Rowdy!


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We stand behind our solutions and customers.
Our Drawer Liners allow you to custom cut for that perfect fit. The cushioned grip texture keeps it in place and maintains a non-slip surface for most items. This liner matches any Viper Tool Storage chest, or use it anywhere you want a splash of color. 12 feet long x 18 inches wide.
Please read and follow the manufacturers instructions and safety warnings before use.
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Big Dan Created a fine looking SOHC 750 scoot for sure. It is a truely old school look with Swing Arm SUSPENSION. Something you don't see on alot of bikes anymore but sure looks great on this ride!!! Who says you have to bust your kidneys to have a kool bike. There is nothing wrong with Rigids, and this bike proves that there is nothing wrong with Swingarm Bikes Either!!! This is a bike that was followed by many from start to finish here on Hondachopper.com. Following a build as it progresses just makes that bike even more KOOL!!! Great Job Dan!!
Bigdan's Honda CB750
features a Santee frame and is comprised of mostly refurbished parts that
are over 30 years old. The engine is from a 75 and some of the features
include a twisted springer, sidestand, handlebars, and highway bar. The
rear fender is an old Ness fiberglass piece and the wheels are a 16" Harley
rim laced to the Honda rim, and the front wheel is a 21" with a mimi drum.
A modified DOHC swingarm was added to stretch the rear of the bike an additional
3" inches and 11" shocks help the bike sit lower and handles the potholes.
Dan did all the work himself except the seat and some machining of the
bearing cups in the neck. This is a perfect example of Old School Cool.
So when you're in the area of Newark, Ohio Give Dan a wave and a thumbs
up for a job well done!


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US Open 2023: Intense heat affects players again on Thursday
US Open 2023
Venue: Flushing Meadows, New York Dates: 28 August-10 September
Coverage: Daily live text and radio commentaries across the BBC Sport website, app, BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Sports Extra
Hot temperatures affected players again at the US Open on Thursday, with Nicolas Mahut feeling dizzy and Rajeev Ram having to eat sushi mid-match.
American Ram asked for the food during his men's doubles semi-final win, later explaining it had been "so hot" that he could not eat enough before the match.
"In the warm-up it felt like I was sweating buckets. It felt like I was depleted a little bit," he said.
It comes after Daniil Medvedev said a player could "die" in the conditions.
The Russian described the heat as "brutal" in his men's singles quarter-final win over Andrey Rublev on Wednesday.
And they showed little sign of abating on Thursday at Flushing Meadows, where later the women's semi-finals will be taking place (from 00:00 BST).
French doubles player Mahut stopped playing midway through the 12th game of his men's doubles semi-final on the Louis Armstrong Stadium, telling the doctor he was feeling dizzy.
He was able to carry on playing but he and compatriot Pierre-Hugues Herbert lost in straight sets to Rohan Bopanna and Matthew Ebden.
Ram had his sushi snack after he and Britain's Joe Salisbury had lost the second set of their men's doubles semi-final and it seemed to do the trick as they went on to beat Croatia's Ivan Dodig and American Austin Krajicek 7-5 3-6 6-3 to reach their third successive final.
"It was so hot earlier and I couldn't eat as much as I wanted before the match," he said. "I got my boy to get me a bit of sushi and I think it helped."
Temperatures in New York have been touching 35C, with a real-feel temperature - which takes into account the humidity, wind and cloud cover - going over 37C.
US Open organisers have been partially closing the roof on the main courts to provide some shade to players.
The tournament has a heat policy, which allows for a 10-minute break after the second set of a women's match and third set of a men's match when the temperatures hit 30.1C, with humidity readings also factored in.
Reading of the conditions are taken daily and every half an hour, beginning 30 minutes before the start of play.


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We're waking up to a winning Wednesday. It's great to see locals being rewarded for their hard work.
W42ST featured local photographer Jeenah Moon for her coverage of the first 90 days of the pandemic. She's just won two prizes at the Newswomen's Club of New York's Front Page Awards – for Best Covid Photo and Best Breaking News image. Well done, Jeenah!
Meanwhile, over at PS Kitchen, founder April Tam Smith is an honoree at this year's Freedom Gala. We featured April last October in our W42ST Heroes issue, where we profiled her dedication to creating social change. You can hear her speak at the RestoreNYC Gala tomorrow evening. Registration is free.
In half a century, TF Cornerstone (TFC) has transformed the Long Island City waterfront, developed some of the first residential buildings in the Financial District & Hudson Yards, and revitalized the Meatpacking District. TFC continues to cultivate the surrounding community long after a project's completion date. Learn more…
Have you got your W42ST mug yet? The first orders have started to be delivered — and we're rather pleased with how good they look. If you want to snag one, head over to our friends at The Mug Affair. They're a local business that donates $2 for every mug sold to help Art and Music in the public school system (and it supports the work of W42ST too!).
What we've been reading
Citi Bike now has more riders than Long Island Railroad. "This serves as a reminder that Citi Bike isn't a tourist amenity; it's part of the city's transit system." (W42ST)
Are you missing the subway? These are 116 reasons why you might be. (Gothamist)
This favorite out-of-town dinner theater has gone dark for good – and is set to become a warehouse. 😢 (LoHud)
When perching on the edge of the bed, laptop balanced on a pizza box just isn't good enough… #WFH (New York Times)
The Guitar Center looks set to file for bankruptcy. (The Real Deal)
Looking to a brighter future for NYC. Here are 20 people, places, and things. (TimeOut)


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Congratulations to Maggie Miller
Senator Byron L. Dorgan
Mr. President, I would like to let my colleagues know about a woman who, this morning, is working at the post office in Knox, ND. Knox, ND, is a little town of forty-two people, but it is big enough to have a post office.
Just recently, the postmaster of the Knox, ND, post office, a woman named Vivian Seter, retired. Upon Vivian's retirement at age seventy-three, Maggie Miller took over the job.
Now maybe my colleagues are thinking there is nothing unusual in that. But Maggie is eighty-three years old, and she just took over the running of the post office in Knox from her 73-year-old friend Vivian.
The post office has cut its hours a bit since Maggie took over, so it is open now from 8:30 until 10:30 A.M. In fact, in about ten minutes from now, central time in Knox, ND, Maggie will be hanging it up for the day. But for now, at age eighty-three, after working sixty-two years in the postal system, Maggie has assumed the reins of the Knox Post Office.
The reason I mention this today is that I have talked a lot over the years about rural values. There is something quite remarkable and unique about life in the small towns of rural America. I represent a wonderful State, North Dakota, with a lot of small communities. Knox, ND, is one of them.
There are also a lot of hard-working, remarkable people in these small towns, and Maggie Miller is one of them. Again, she has been working for the postal system for sixty-two years, and I read in the newspaper that the postmaster from Rolla, ND, had to come train her for her new position. Vivian, the retiring postmaster, joked: She has only been doing this sixty-two years, so she needs a little training.
The article I read about her said that last year Maggie, who was age eighty-two at the time, bowled a 204. Then she broke her wrist and has had to take the summer off. But Maggie being Maggie, she vows to make a comeback to her bowling league.
When I saw this story in the paper, I just had to call Maggie. When she answered the phone, I said: Maggie, this is Byron Dorgan calling from Washington, DC. I wanted to tell you that it is wonderful that you are stepping in as postmaster at age eighty-three. Maggie said: Tell me another one. I said: No, Maggie, it really is Byron Dorgan. And she said: I bet it is.
So Maggie, if you happen to be watching this debate in Congress, I really did call you. I say congratulations. You have a lot of spunk. I am proud of all the things you have done and of the values that you represent of folks in small towns helping each other and working together. I know the post office in many small towns is the hub of the community, and I am confident you will serve Knox well.
Congratulations to Maggie and to the town of Knox.
[Taken from the Congressional Record, 9 June 2000, page S4930.]


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Outer Banks Dog Parks
There are plenty of fun and engaging things to do with your family pet while you are staying in your Outer Banks vacation rental. After all those warm naps on the beach, your dog will appreciate a trip to one of these interactive attractions so that they can stretch out those four legs and meet other tail-wagging new friends!
Leash Free Dog Parks on the Outer Banks:
Kitty Hawk Dog Park
This park is owned by Dare County and requires an application completed ahead of time. Here is a link to the application with instructions for its submission.
Leash Required Dog Parks on the Outer Banks:
Whalehead Club- Currituck Heritage Park (252) 453-9040
Leashed pets are welcomed on the grounds of the Currituck Heritage Park. The 39 acres of historical property includes the Center for Wildlife Education, restored Whalehead Club, and wide fields of green grass that your pet is totally going to love. Learn about the Historical Culture in this unique park by taking a tour of the restored Whalehead Club museum, and the Currituck Beach Lighthouse. Also, be sure to check their summer schedule of fun events for interesting activities that vary from wine festivals to activities for the entire family!
The Wright Brother National Memorial (252) 453-2111
The Wright Brother National Memorial is definitely an attraction for everyone in the family including your pet. Learn how Wilbur and Orville Wright flew successfully for the first time by viewing exhibits and artifacts on the development of their flying machines in the Visitors Center. Discover the Outer Banks during this time era up to now, and go back in time in the living quarters of the two inventors. Most importantly, take a walk with your happy pet to the actual memorial for pictures and great views of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
Jockeys Ridge State Park (252) 441-7132
Often referred to as "The Living Dune", Jockeys Ridge State Park is an incredible attraction to visit. Southern Shores Realty believes that if you do not make a visit during your stay on the Outer Banks, you trip is simply incomplete. It's fantastic and completely full of fun that each family member will enjoy! Fly a kite at the extreme top of the dune, learn to hang glide, enjoy a guided tour throughout the maritime thicket, dunes, and Roanoke Sound Estuary, or participate in one of the FREE programs offered. Your pet will enjoy this nationally known State Park as much as the children, if not more. Be cautious, for if the sand is hot enough for you to put flip flops on, it is too hot for your dog's paws. Jockeys Ridge is located in Nags Head adjacent to the infamous Kitty Hawk Kites Nags Head Store.
Fort Raleigh National Historic Site (252) 473-5772
This is the location of the first English Settlement, and home to the first outdoor drama that most of you have more than likely heard of, The Lost Colony. You leash may not exceed 6 feet, but having your pet close isn't a bad thing. You'll discover more information about the Outer Banks than you ever realized when you visit this historical site.
Roanoke Island Festival Park (252) 475-1500
You can enjoy a nice stroll through this village like park with your vacationing pup while at the same viewing multiple fascinating exhibits. Located across from the Manteo waterfront, Roanoke Island Festival Park luckily overdoes it throughout the summer with exciting events and art shows. Your dog must be leashed, and is allowed on the boardwalks only.
Cape Hatteras National Seashore (252) 473-2111
The Cape Hatteras National Seashore is located South of Nags Head, and will require a little a bit of driving. Although, the scene from here to there is to die for. Dogs are welcomed any time of the year as long as they are leashed (not exceeding six feet.) This is one of the most beautiful places on earth you will ever see. The pristine beaches are beyond gorgeous; definitely, something you want to experience while on the Outer Banks. Your family will love having the dog tag along on this trip! Also, be sure to make a visit to the tallest lighthouse in the nation and the famous symbol of North Carolina, the Cape Hatteras Lighthouse.


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When a top star film is about to release, the promos, and the hype sometimes would create greater expectations, that would result in the opposite in reality. But Windows 11 has picturised a drastic change and it is definitely a par exceeding the expectations.
The Live event held on 24th Jun 2021, started with the emotional speech of Panos Panay, the Chief Product Officer. He related his house to the new revamp of Windows, to explain Windows 11 will have the feel of familiarity and security. Also the feelings of Openness and connectivity. It was a smooth transition between the experts explaining the new features of Windows 11 with excitement. And finally the CEO ends with the satisfaction of finally releasing a next generation for the world today.
In the past 18 months we have undergone a lot of changes upside down with a lot of feelings. After the lock-down when you see the world outside, you have the feeling of bliss. Windows 11 live event has given the same bliss, familiar contents in a new modern environment.
Windows 11 is aimed at being functional and practical a PC needs to be.
Expected features were there in an unexpected way. Also, you can find unexpected features exclusively only in Windows 11.
Let's dig deeper.
|Expected Features
|Actual Features
|Floating UI changes
Taskbar change
New Start Menu and Snap Layouts
Icon and system animation
Redesigned file explorer
Ease of open/close applications
News and feeds on the taskbar
Rearrange apps in multiple screens
New dashboard features
Search Menu
|Biggest upgrade is the new look for Windows11. How it all flows together, brings the users
incredible sense of calmness.
Not only the look outside, the inside the product
is faster.
|Bluetooth audio support system
|Excellent as expected
|Performance improvement in switching between fold-able devices
|Amazing as expected
|Xbox Auto HDR feature
|Gaming will be better on Windows 11 with amazing speed and an incredible selection of
games with the best PC game experience.
Superior Graphics games with high dynamic
color range and speed.
|Battery Usage with timeline for different apps
|The updates are 40 percent smaller and happening in the background without
interrupting your work, using less energy and
more battery life.
|Microsoft Store Upgrades
|Microsoft store is rebuilt from the ground up and built for speed.
Unexpected Features
- Windows 11 is the most secure windows ever created. It's faster, simpler and easy to get organized to go back to your work, that would help you be more productive and creative.
- Microsoft allows Android applications to be integrated into the start of Windows 11 taskbar. Using Intel bridge technology they are found in the Microsoft store using the amazon app store.
- Perhaps, one of the biggest upgrade users will notice is a new look for Windows 11.
- Fast way of voice typing
- Entertainment tab is redesigned to bring top movies and TV shows
- Microsoft Teams helps in instant connection with the people from the desktop, with free calls/chats to any device the person called is using. Microsoft is planning to release Windows 11 later this year. Meanwhile, let's get ready for the system requirements.


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Цена 7,95 €
В наличии (Eros Butiik)
Бренд:: Tenga
Another revolutionary TENGA concept, the EASY ONA-CAP. CAP YOURSELF, STRETCH and ENJOY!
A STUB for those who desire big love! Its smooth surface makes it easy to insert and the hint of a phallic symbol stimulates incredibly.
STUBS are made of 100% silicone! They are flexible without losing the necessary firmness, gentle to the body, easy to clean and hypoallergenic. Their stable base makes them handy to use and suitable for harnesses. Whether cooled or warmed, in the bathtub or on terra firma - diverse stimulation is guaranteed.
Special Features
Size: 18,4 cm
Ø 3,8 cm


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Red and white for VSF= British, Blue and white = French... so moving away from those I settled on Green and White, black shoes and khaki color for helmets. Along that route we have so far:
Thursday, July 15, 2010
Tuesday, July 13, 2010
Kaptain Kneemo's Shipboard Marines
Cleand and ready to be primed, a platoon of shipboard marines;
Posted by Alfrik at 7:48 PM 2 comments:
Labels: Kaptain Kneemo's Forces
Saturday, July 10, 2010
We Are The Law done
Posted by Alfrik at 2:43 PM 5 comments:
Labels: Miniatures Update
Saturday, July 3, 2010
Fallen Statue
So here's a shot of the soft plastic Egyptian figures I bought for a few dollars, most are about 4 inches high, lack detail and garish paint job. Perfect for a statue though.
Posted by Alfrik at 3:41 PM 6 comments:
Labels: Scenic
Thursday, July 1, 2010
New Web Comic
Well not new, but new to me, RRsize showed to me, I'm hooked:
Posted by Alfrik at 4:38 PM No comments:
Labels: General
New Ground Cover Bits
So I found some new plastic plant material at the local Joann's Crafts and got to work on assembling some leafy bush bits for scattering on the game field where appropriate.
First shot is the Leafy basics with flowers etc dropped on to the work table. Next are a sample set of cuttings trimmed off with a pair of scissors, its very soft plastic, color is not bad at all. Time to break out the Hot glue gun, some small plastic cut bases.
So dab of hot glue, add another bit of the foliage, dab and add about 5 times. Next Flock some of the small plastic bases. Painted them Green and put out side to dry for about 10 minutes, apply white pva glue, dip into the Flock tub, lightly press the flock into the glue and let dry for an hour under a hot light lamp. When the base is ready, I take up the created bush and hot glue it to the stand. Adding some other types of weedy bits, small rocks and the like spice it up nicely.
Until you get several of them done as pictured to the left with a 28mm figure for comparison. Not much time to whip up couple dozen bits.
And there you have it.
Posted by Alfrik at 4:05 PM No comments:
Labels: Greenery
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We buy 1800 lb bales of grass hay for the horses. During it's stay in our program, each horse consumes about 1 bale and a bale costs $280 delivered and stacked. We just took in a dozen mustangs to tame. It's time to start collecting some coin towards the next hay purchase. Can you spare a little to help us help the horses?
Month: October 2019
With Every Opportunity, Comes a Liability.
An old house for sale in Tucumcari showed up in my FaceBook news feed. Priced at only $1250, I had to look. 709 E. Main Street, is a dilapidated combination of old gabled roof and flat roofed eatery. The roof is caving in and the whole thing needs to be bull-dozed. But $1250 for a lot in town?
It made me think about our original plan to move to Tucumcari, which we still believe is a better horse adoption market than Milan, NM. We had a lot to learn about living in zoned areas. It would not have gone well. The land on the edge of town where we wanted to build Mustang Camp is zoned wrong (Industrial). This little property on Main street is zoned Commercial, so you couldn't even fix it up and live there. Yes, we learned about zoning. Thank you, Village of Milan.
We also learned that we only have so much band-width. Even if this place only cost $12, we could not deal with it. That kind of thinking doesn't come naturally to us.
Magic Mustang Tamer
|A Magical Tool to Train Wild Horses
As a professional wild horse taming operation, we've had trouble recruiting qualified staff, training staff, and offering training opportunities to students. We think we have solved the problem somewhat by separating the academic training mission of Mustang Camp into it's own project with it's own website, the Magic Mustang Tamer featuring two major components: 1) an online classroom with comprehensive programs for basic wild horse care, animal training, and exploration of controversial world of the mustang; and 2) a library of our protocols, described and detailed for even the most avid trainers, and illustrated with more than 100 video clips.
Mustang Camp interns and students will be required to complete the first two educational programs before they come to camp. This is anticipated to filter out all but the most dedicated students. So if you were considering coming for an internship, start on the classes. The first module (Safety) is free and most of the rest cost $10 per module. Most modules will take about 3 hours to finish, there is a Learn by Doing assignment for every module, and learning is assessed with a quiz. It is the only program of it's type and topic.
Access to the library of protocols requires a supporting membership, which costs $100 per year. It includes personal consultation and invitation to a weekly teleconference to discuss training. The income generated will be used to develop more content… I have my eye on a Go-Pro and tracking tri-pod.
Shooting the Moon as a Mustang Trainer
For the last year, we've been doing a special pilot project to demonstrate the feasibility of a large scale mustang taming operation to help alleviate the problems of the BLM's excess horses. It's had a life of it's own (and a blog of it's own). Here's the link to the story. You will find it most entertaining to read it in chronological order.
Lessons Learned in Milan
Main Problems
- High Horse to Staff Ratio bogged down training
- Taking 31 stallions without consideration for effort to get them gelded
- Horses in Holding take time to care for, but don't progress toward adoption
- Limits of Design of Facility: no shelter for horses, no open pen areas (wide rail spacing allows horses to fight), no barn for hay storage. Does not meet BLM standards for rail spacing.
- Zoning does not allow equine in Commercial district (except horses across the street)
- Too much Public Access
- Lack of Housing. This could be alleviated with RV park plan.
- Less appealing environment for (unpaid) staff and students/volunteers
- Unclear Contractual Relationship with Horse Owner
- Lack of Interest in Our Solution from government agencies, no major clients beyond Placitas Wild
- Inadequate chute for a mass gelding of horses
- Costs of leasing
Main Benefits
- Access to Veterinarian
- Access to Highway
- Design of Facility: lots of individual pens
- Production Capabilities
- Access to Community
In August of 2018, we became aware that the Bureau of Land Management was interested in contractors that could get 1000 horses trained and adopted in 2019. We did not think it was a realistic goal, but we drafted a proposal. They said the chosen respondents would be asked to prepare a formal proposal. Our plan required $1.3 million to start and then $1,000 per horse adopted.
With just a few months to prepare, we felt that we should start initial preparations to scale up. We held a fund drive intending only to generate a show of interest from 200 people and, in three weeks, raised $12,000 from 215 individual donations. We cut it off after 200 donations. Realizing the BLM was dragging its feet, we revised our plan to train 200 horses the first year and 500 horses the second year for a smaller start up cost. We started seeking funding from the major foundations including the ASPCA, the HSUS, and the Right Horse Initiative. None of them were interested in the $350,000 proposal.
The government shut down on 22 December, 2018 and remained shut down until 25 January. The Mustang Heritage Foundation did not immediately restart and for several more weeks it was not clear if the Trainer Incentive Program (TIP) would restart. We were looking at the prospect of having no horses to train.
The Placitas Wild organization contacted us about taking a large number of horses for emergency rehoming. With unclear prospects for BLM horses, we agreed to take them for $600 each. We located the old livestock facility in Milan, NM. and started renovating it to be horse safe. Just before horses were due to arrive, the Village notified us that the facility was not zoned for animals. They agreed to let us operate for 90 days and horses started arriving the next day.
Placitas Wild sent 51 horses, 31 of which were stallions and required individual pens. We were able to house the stallions in the facility and the mares in pens we constructed around it. We started training with inadequate staffing. Most of the time there were two people and sometimes there were three. Occasionally, we would have additional help for a week or more at a time. No one was paid wages, it was all done by volunteers. The care and feeding of the horses took away from the time and energy to train the horses, but at least 10 horses were in training every day.
The Village notified us that we would have to leave by the 9th of June. We were able to get the 31 horses gelded in the last week of May. The Village then extended our special use permit to August and limited us to 50 horses. It also prohibited us from using RV's on the property for living quarters. We put horses and burros in foster care with other people to get to our limit. More volunteers started showing up, we squeezed more beds into the building, and I was able to train up to 20 animals a day by myself.
In August an intern arrived and we were able to increase the number of animals in training to 30. Eventually the intern was handling 10 horses a day. We kept detailed track of all tasks completed and were focused on maximizing the rate of training. We got down to having met criteria on 1000 training tasks (of the 1250 we started with). We had placed about 25 Placitas Wild mustangs into adoption.
Placitas Wild was given access to 40 acres for a wild horse sanctuary and they decided to discontinue training and adoptions and return the remaining horses to Placitas. We held them for a week until they were picked up.
Without horses to train, we considered our options. The MHF has changed its paperwork requirements to a system where the adopter is responsible to submit their own forms by mail. The trainer has no ability to expedite the adoption process. We feel that this is a serious impediment to adoption as adopters rarely have the tenacity to get through the adoption process by themselves. Extending the time required for approval makes it very likely that the potential adopter will find another horse that is easier to acquire. We decided to close down for the winter and reassess our options for 2020.
While we were preparing to vacate the property and return to Largo Canyon, Sena Fitzpatrick of the McKinley County Humane Society contacted us about taking two stallions that had been rounded up by the NM Livestock Board (NMLB). The other rescues could not take them as the NMLB facility in Santa Fe could no longer keep horses for gelding. We agreed to take them. The Animal Protection of New Mexico (APNM) contacted us about taking more horses from a failed wild horse sanctuary. We agreed to accept eight of them. There is obviously a need to continue helping wild horses in New Mexico.
Lessons Learned
Our old facility in Largo Canyon is marginally accessible down the 25 miles of dirt road. The Milan facility was adjacent to I-40. This made a huge difference in the amount of time needed to buy supplies, hay, pick up volunteers, or deliver horses. It saved money on vehicle repairs. It made consulting with a veterinarian possible and allowed better health care for the horses.
The Interstate is constantly noisy. A facility should be located near (but not on) a major highway. It introduces an undesirable level of distraction into training. Trains are more noisy but their sounds are less random than trucks and cars.
The facility must have adequate living quarters for staff and volunteers. An RV park as part of the facility is needed for recruiting volunteers from the vacationing public. There must be clear responsibilities for housekeeping. There should be a staff to horse ratio of no more than 10 horses per staff unless there is full time horse care staff.
The facility must be zoned for animals. Good water and good drainage are also essential. The facility must be gated to limit off hours interruptions. Signage must clearly indicated when visitors are allowed, but gates are required to enforce those hours.
The facility must have the chutes and pens to safely and efficiently do veterinary work. It needs to accommodate mares with foals as well as stallions. There must be individual pens for stallions and genders should not be in adjacent pens until after gelding. Post-gelding change in behavior takes about 6 weeks.
Training needs to take place in the animals home pen and in alley's, plazas, or arenas. It needs to be safe from horse attack to lead a horse through the alley. The fences along the working spaces need to prevent horses from sticking their heads through. There needs to be turnout areas that are safe (no prairie dog burrows) and easy to gather from. There needs to be an obstacle course in a fenced training area.
There should be no gap between the ground and the first rail of the fence that could trap a horse leg (less than 1 foot). The pipe rails should be smooth and strong enough to withstand adjacent horses fighting (especially kicking). A portable welder should be available to repair fences immediately.
Gates should be freely swinging on hinges and should fasten with chain in slots. There should be strategically placed gates for moving horses through the alley system. Horses should be moved through alleys, not through open spaces.
The area for loading/unloading horses should be accessible in all weather. A way to crowd the horses in successive areas of the alley was very effective for loading horses. There needs to be security panels on each side of the gate to fold against the trailer and prevent horses from squeezing out.
The watering system needs to be easy to maintain, clean, and keep filled. Watering record keeping helps volunteers fill the water containers to the correct level. (Investigate automatic watering system?). Ice removal must be managed to not create hazards for horses or humans.
Hay storage under tarps is problematic, but possible. It would be much easier to have a barn for hay. It is easier to tarp individual bales than a whole haystack.
It was also possible to work without shelter through the spring and summer months at this elevation in this particular year. We did not receive much hail. The animals were hot at times without shade. Some kind of protection from wind and ice will be mandatory for winter.
There needs to be some kind of garage or concrete slab to work on equipment with tool storage nearby.
There needs to be a person designated to interact with visitors. People just wanting to tour should be asked to donate. There must be an effort to generate revenue from visitors.
It is much cheaper to procure horses from rescues than it is to pick up horses from the BLM. Rescue horses require vet care such as gelding. Approval for adoptions whether it is the BLM or a rescue can be a problem. There needs to be a very well defined process, delineated responsibilities, and an unambiguous adoption agreement with each animal owner (viz. BLM or rescue). It became a problem that we did not have a signed contract between organizations. It should have been required before starting the project.
Showing a potential adopter a small number of horses currently available results in more adoptions than allowing them to choose from the unfinished animals. Placing the finished horses in a place where they can be viewed from the street or parking lot attracts interested people to visit in an unobtrusive way.
Updating the training records and monitoring progress towards the overall goals of the program (training each horse to perform 26 tasks) can help keep staff motivated to work hard.
Finally, I learned that I might like to walk away and find something else to do, but when I feel that some animals don't have a chance and I could help them, then I am unlikely to be able to turn my back on them.