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Looking to set up an individual retirement account and start actively saving for retirement? That's a great idea! But one of the big things you'll need to decide is whether to choose a Roth IRA vs a traditional IRA.
While both of these accounts can help you save for the future, it's important to know what their benefits and differences are so you can make the right choice for your needs.
Let's break down both of these IRA types in more detail.
Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA Overview
Both Roth and traditional IRAs are examples of individual retirement accounts. These are special types of retirement accounts that you can open if you don't have a 401(k) or a similar shared retirement account with your employer or a larger organization.
Traditional IRAs have been around for longer and first started in 1974. Roth IRAs only began in 1997.
Both types of IRAs are used to save for the long-term, so you have some money after retirement.
While both Roth IRAs and traditional IRAs share a few benefits, such as the ability to grow their investments without taxes, there are also some big differences you should keep in mind when choosing which one to open.
Differences Between Roth IRAs and Traditional IRAs
Let's break down the differences between Roth IRAs and traditional IRAs in more detail.
#1 Income Restrictions
Both types of IRAs have certain income restrictions and limits.
With a traditional IRA, you can contribute no matter your earned income level. For both Roth and traditional IRAs, you can only contribute $6000 per year if you are younger than 50 years old or $7000 per year if you are older than 50.
However, Roth IRAs have certain income limits. As of 2020, any single individuals must have a modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) of less than $139,000.
Couples can have MAGIs of less than $206,000. Furthermore, any contributions to a Roth IRA account will be phased out starting at $124,000 and $196,000, respectively.
#2. Age Restrictions
Fortunately, neither IRA type has any age restrictions when it comes to contributions.
But keep in mind that both IRA types limit you to $6000 in contributions per year or $7000 per year if you are below age 50 or are aged 50 and older, respectively.
#3. Tax Breaks
Furthermore, both types of IRAs differ significantly in terms of their tax breaks.
A traditional IRA account allows you to add tax-deductible money each time you contribute. When you make a withdrawal from a traditional IRA account, that withdrawal will be taxed at your current income tax rate or bracket.
For many people, this is advantageous since they usually make IRA withdrawals after their income has significantly decreased, meaning they technically count as a lower tax bracket.
Additionally, any contributions to traditional IRAs do not need to be counted during your current tax year. This means any traditional IRA contributions are tax-deductible and may qualify you for a greater tax return during a given year.
In contrast, Roth IRAs don't require you to pay taxes when you make withdrawals. Instead, you pay taxes on any of the contributions you make as you build up the account toward retirement.
Since, with a Roth IRA, you already paid any taxes on that money, you won't owe anything when the time finally comes to withdraw your nest egg and live-in comfort.
In this way, both Roth and traditional IRAs offer significant tax breaks. The biggest difference is when those tax breaks kick in.
- Traditional IRAs have you pay taxes on any contributions or money when you make a withdrawal
- Roth IRAs have you pay taxes on your contributions, but not when you make a withdrawal
#4. Withdrawals
Both IRA types have some differences in terms of withdrawals before you retire.
With a traditional IRA, you have to pay taxes in addition to a 10% early withdrawal penalty if you take money from your IRA account before the age of 59 ½. There are a couple of exceptions to this penalty:
- if you use the money to pay for first-time homebuyer expenses and only take up to $10,000
- if you use the money to pay for certain qualifying higher education costs
- if you use the money for certain hardships, like medical expenses or disability costs
With Roth IRAs, you can withdraw any sums you want so long as they are equivalent to your Roth IRA contributions (penalty tax-free, too) whenever you like.
#5. Distribution Rules
When it comes to traditional IRAs, you must start making withdrawals (called distributions) of a minimum amount. These are called RMDs or required minimum distributions.
You have to start taking RMDs by age 72 regardless of whether you need the money or not. These are taxable withdrawals of a percentage of your total funds.
In contrast, you never need to take out money from a Roth IRA. As a result, people with lots of wealth to transfer over to the next generation (such as their children) may prefer a Roth IRA due to this extra freedom.
Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA: Our Two Cents
In general, it's a much better idea to go with Roth IRAs instead of traditional IRAs if you can qualify.
Here's a breakdown of Roth IRA benefits:
- You have much better early withdrawal rules. Roth IRAs don't require you to pay a penalty or extra taxes whenever you withdraw, even if you aren't retired. Remember, this is partially because you pay taxes on your contributions during the year that you make them. So any money you take out of a Roth IRA is totally tax-free. This can come in handy if you need a little extra cash in an emergency or need to pay for an unexpected expense
- Furthermore, Roth IRAs don't have lots of restrictions for their users or retirees. Remember, traditional IRAs force you to start taking small but noticeable distributions by age 72. If you have a Roth IRA, you can keep your savings and have your account grow for as long as you are alive. This makes Roth IRAs great wealth transferring vessels
More Tax Advantages with a Roth IRA
Perhaps most importantly of all, Roth IRAs are better when it comes to taxation, period. Let's break it down.
With traditional IRAs, you must pay taxes whenever you withdraw from your account. With Roth IRAs, you only pay taxes on the contributions you make during your working tax years.
This means that you might pay less in taxes over the long run with a Roth IRA compared to a traditional IRA.
Let's break it down in simple math. Say that you had a Roth IRA with a total combined amount of $100,000 (real Roth IRAs usually have more than this – the number is low just to keep the example simple). When you withdraw that money, you do not need to pay any taxes whatsoever.
Instead, you paid taxes at rates of around 18% with each contribution you made to the account throughout your life.
In contrast, say that you have a traditional IRA with the same combined value of $100,000. When you take out that $100,000, you will need to immediately pay taxes.
Since $100,000 is quite a bit of cash, chances are you will need to pay more taxes and only get $70,000-$80,000 in total when all is said and done.
In this way, contributing to a Roth IRA allows you to benefit from more of your money than a traditional IRA.
Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA: Why Do I Need a Retirement Account?
Everyone needs a retirement account at some point. Even when we retire, we still need a way to pay the bills!
While many of us still hope to benefit from Social Security, a retirement account is a much more surefire way to make sure you have enough money to enjoy your golden years (especially since Social Security may actually run out of funding over the next decade or two).
Plus, a Roth or traditional IRA allows you to take charge of your savings rather than leave it up to the government.
Best Places to Open a Traditional IRA or Roth IRA
There are lots of great places to open either traditional or Roth IRAs. Contact the following companies to see if you qualify.
#1. Betterment
Betterment offers an excellent investment platform and provides easy to access retirement accounts for anyone who needs them.
They charge no account minimum, so you can start saving without a single penny in the account. Plus, there's only a 0.25% fee per year. This robo-advisor is well suited to help you save for retirement.
Learn More: Betterment Review
#2. Vanguard
Vanguard also offers both traditional and Roth IRAs. You get to choose your own investments and each available fund is high-quality (meaning you can rest assured that your investments will grow in value over decades).
Vanguard's funds come without any sales commissions, sales load, or account service fees, making it an affordable and reliable place to see your IRA options.
Learn More: Vanguard Review
#3. Fidelity
Like Betterment, Fidelity offers IRAs without any account minimums or account fees. Or you can alternatively pay the optional "advisory fee" and have Fidelity take care of your IRA management for you. it's a great "hands-off" IRA platform option for those without a lot of financial savvy.
Learn More: Fidelity Review
#4. Charles Schwab
We'd also recommend looking into Charles Schwab, which offers both major types of IRAs.
You might specifically want to look into Charles Schwab since it offers 24/7 professional guidance, lots of online tools and resources, and even a special "custodial IRA option."
This is great if you have a child earning their own income and want to give them a head start with their retirement.
Learn More: Charles Schwab Review
Bottom Line: Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA
Ultimately, both traditional and Roth IRAs are great choices if you want to start saving early and make sure you have a big enough of a nest egg come retirement.
We'd heavily recommend you consider investing in a Roth IRA if you qualify, as you'll benefit from more tax advantages and a bigger nest egg by the time you retire compared to a traditional IRA.


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Posts Tagged 'ServiceNow Store'
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subset: commoncrawl


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India 2011: Part 1
Sometimes at my house we joke that it's "that time of year again." This Friday, Nov. 4th, Bette and I will leave with Chapel Missions India for our fourth medical mission trip to India. It's a wonderful cap to what has been a pretty epic month at Idaho Physical Therapy (October is National Physical Therapy Month, but it was also our company's 20th anniversary). The familiar pre-travel emotions have arrived, but the more times we make this journey, the more excitement replaces the worries. We look forward to seeing our friends, the Indian pastors, and our sponsored Indian son, P. Ram Kumar. This year, however, things will be different, and I feel a little like a newbie all over again.
Typically these missions are centered around medical camps provided for orphans, HIV/AIDS patients, and those in the slums. I approach them with the knowledge that I'm going to see relatively the same conditions I treat here at home (back and neck pain, arthritis, carpel tunnel syndrome, etc.) mixed with a few more unusual cases (complications from polio, malformations due to nutritional deficiencies, etc.). I arrive armed with exercises and stretches to teach to patients, as well as canes, walkers, and crutches, so they can manage their condition after the medical team has gone.
But the focus of this year's trip is leprosy communities. We'll be spending 3-5 days at the Christian Medical College & Hospital in Vellore (where Dr. Paul Brand did his world-famous research on hand, foot, and facial reconstruction). We'll stay another two days in a leper community itself, then stay in a monastery the rest of the time. We have 75 wheelchairs to give out (courtesy of Free Wheelchair Mission), and for those patients who've lost fingers to their disease, we have 600 leather straps (handmade by members of Calvary Chapel Boise) that can be fitted with a utensil and looped around hands or wrists to aid in eating and personal hygiene.
And that's all I know.
Leprosy is a condition that affects, among other things, peripheral nerves, such as those in the hands, feet, and face. As sensation is lost, it becomes harder to realize when you have hurt yourself, and once injury does occur, the healing process is difficult and complicated. Contrary to myth, body parts don't rot off if you have leprosy, but they may become damaged beyond repair and then amputation is often necessary.
I know God sometimes places us in situations where we feel inadequate so that we will learn to rely on Him. I am definitely feeling that here. If I knew I could visit the patients regularly over the course of weeks or months, I would use treatments such as electrical stimulation and ultrasound to help maintain existing nerve function and delay the spread of the disease. But in India, there will be no equipment to do this, and we'll only get one chance to see each patient – just one chance to share some sort of medical wisdom that could improve their quality of life or even help them live longer. What will I say?
Right now, I don't know, but I have faith that when the moment comes, God will give me the words. Your thoughts and prayers for Bette, myself, and our entire team are much appreciated, and if you're able, every donation allows us to make an impact in the life of another impoverished person in India (you can even choose how you'd like the funds to be used!). We return home just before Thanksgiving, and I'll let everyone know how our trip went. Until then, God bless you, and keep moving, my friends!
– Alan


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Domestic Violence
Diomestic Violence
Since 2012 Shpresa has worked in partnership with Solace Women Aid and other specialist organisation to address the issue of domestic violence amongst the Albanian Speaking Women
They continue to offer a number of services for free , please click to access information in Albanian https://www.solacewomensaid.org/advice-support
During the Coronavirus pandemic Shpresa continued to work hard to ensure every Albanian speaking girl and women living in UK can be safe and get the support she needs by providing information , training , practical support in partnership with Solace women's aid and Ikrow
Through working with them and our members we understand the additional challenges women are facing right now while in lockdown. So we are bringing to you some resources to help survivors, and those supporting them, at this critical time.
If you are experiencing abuse, you are not alone. Their and our phone lines are open, their and our doors are open and our staff is here to help you.
Staying safe during lockdown
Staying safe
These are some suggestions you might want to consider in order to make yourself as safe as possible.
Following these suggestions is not a guarantee of safety but could help improve your safety. Remember, you know your abuser so only do what you think will help.
Always call 999 if you or your children are in danger.
Silent help – Call 999 and if you can't talk press 55 and the operator will respond.
Solace women's aid Advice Service is open for advice and support – 0808 802 5565 or email email@example.com
If you want to contact IKROW which are based in Newham please CONTACT US
*If you can't speak English please ask for an interpreter
Safety planning during COVID-19
Physical space
- Rehearse escape routes
- Identify places of safety in the house
- Identify places that are most dangerous
- Remember – altering the space may be dangerous if the perpetrator has time to notice
If you fear an attack:
- Move to a low-risk area of the house, away from the kitchen, garage or where there are knives or anything that can be used as weapons
- Avoid rooms or spaces you could be trapped in, like bathrooms or walk-in cupboards
- Be ready to leave the house in an emergency- be aware however that many shops/restaurants/pubs will be shut.
Stay connected
- Ensure any children have important numbers, can call 999 and know what to do in an incident
- Keep important numbers to hand, or memorised
- Keep a phone charged, switched on and with you at all times
The Silent Solution is a police system to help people who are unable to speak, but who need police assistance. You will hear an automated police message, which lasts for 20 seconds and begins with 'you are through to the police'. It will ask you to press 55 to be put through to police call management.
The Hollie Guard app is really useful if you are in danger – you shake your phone and it sends an alert out to a trusted contact.
Bright sky app is a domestic abuse app which provides support and information to anyone who may be in an abusive relationship or those concerned about someone you know.
Safety if you are still in an abusive relationship
- Plan an escape route from every room in your home
- Think of a safe area in your home to go if an argument happens – stay away from rooms with no exits and hard surfaces where there are objects which can be used as weapons i.e. bathroom, kitchen. If an argument happens, try to move to one of the safe areas.
- Think about and make a list of safe people to contact, if possible memorise all important phone numbers.
- Speak to a trusted neighbour about your situation who will call the police if they hear a disturbance
- Develop a 'code word' or 'sign' so that family and friends know when to call for help.
- Keep money / change with you at all times – know where the nearest working phone box is.
- Think about what you will say to your partner if they become violent. Use your judgement of the abuser to protect you and your children. You are in no way colluding with the abuser if you give them what they want in order to protect you and your children. Call the police as soon as it is safe to do so.
- Know where to go and what to do in an emergency and have an alternative.
- Teach your children what to do in an emergency – tell them to call 999 and be able to give the address but not to get involved – they should never use a phone in front of the abuser as this may endanger them
- Call 999 in the event of an emergency – think of alternative ways to keep safe if the police do not respond straight away
Safety if you are planning to leave
If you are planning to leave you may not feel able to leave immediately, but you can plan and be prepared for when an emergency does arise and you need to leave your home. Leaving is often the most dangerous time so plan leaving so you can increase your safety. You can:
- Keep a record of the violent and controlling behaviour to support any future action you may take – civil or criminal.
- Log incidents with the police, even if you do not want to press charges at present: https://www.met.police.uk
- Seek legal advice (Solace Advice can give you numbers of Solicitors, Rights of Women / Community Legal Service Directory link/ National DV Helpline )
- Have any bruises or injuries recorded by a doctor for future use in any legal proceedings, rehousing procedures, etc. You can also take a picture using a camera or your mobile phone. Solace can also do this for you
- Have a packed bag ready and keep it in a secret, but accessible place so you can leave quickly.
- Keep important documents in a safe place, either hidden in your home at with friends / family (e.g. marriage / birth certificates, national insurance card, passport, driving licence etc,) including items of sentimental value, so that they can be grabbed in a hurry.
- Only tell people you trust where you will be. Lie if you have to – this will protect you and them.
The following items will be useful but are not essential for you to take if you decide that you want to leave in a hurry. Remember we can always help you to get these items later and with police support:
- ID – passports, birth / marriage certificate, NI number, driving licence etc
- Money – bank / credit cards
- Medical – prescribed medicines, prescriptions, medical cards, children's medical records
- Legal – injunctions, divorce papers, mortgage documents, tenancy agreement
- Special Items: photos, child's favourite toy, house and car keys.
- Always try to take your children with you or make arrangements to leave them with someone safe.
Remember: If the last number you called was a refuge, taxi or the place you are going to stay, dial another number – for example, the Speaking Clock (dial 123)
Satying safe online
Monitoring, harassing and stalking behaviours have always been part of domestic abuse. Modern technology has provided new, simpler, means to enable this behaviour to continue. Mobile phones, social media platforms, and apps are all developing so quickly that it can often feel difficult to know how to keep yourself safe online. Here are a few ideas that can help you.
- Don't answer calls from withheld numbers
- Block or change numbers (only when it is safe to do so)
- Turn off location services such as 'find my iPhone' on smart phones
- Ensure that location services are also not activated on apps – for example facebook attaches a location to posts
- Delete and/or block your abusive partner on social media sites and don't add anyone unknown
- Ensure your social media sites are managed safely; for example changing your facebook settings so you can't be found by using the search function/setting up new accounts which you only give to safe friends or family
- Cover cameras on tablets/computers/phones in case perpetrators are able to hack them
- If you've experienced abuse through your phones/tablets the safest option is to get a new device
- If you can't afford a new device you can restore the device to factory settings. Going in store to your provider can help you with this to check it's done correctly.
- Get screenshots to keep a log of any threats occurring through social media where safe to do so.
Safety after the relationship has ended
Unfortunately, domestic violence and abuse may not end even when the relationship has ended. In order to increase your safety you can consider:
- Inform trusted friends or relatives that you are no longer in the relationship and they should call the police if they see your former partner near or trying to gain access to your home.
- Change locks on your doors and make sure that all windows and doors are as secure as possible.
- Have additional security installed- sensor security lighting/ burglar alarm
- Change the routes you use to take your children to school.
- Inform people who look after your children eg, teachers, childminders etc, which people have permission to collect them. If you have an injunction, give a copy to the school.
- When at work ask people to screen your calls.
- Change your routines i.e. shop in different place/supermarket at different times and take a different route home etc.
I'm really worried about someone I know, how can I support them?
There are many reasons why you might be concerned about someone you know – perhaps they have previously told you that their partner has been violent and/or abusive; perhaps they have indicated that they sometimes feel scared, or isolated, or that their partner is controlling; perhaps you have some concerns based on things you've seen or heard before.
It can be difficult to know what to do when you think someone you care about is at risk. Here is some guidance to help you reach out to your loved ones and talk to them about what's going on.
- Talk to them:
Be patient. Isolation and manipulation are frequently used tactics of abuse. Your friend or family member may stop contacting you or become withdrawn. Perpetrators are adept at making these situations look like they are the victim's/survivor's choice and may be intentionally turning their family and friends against them. If someone is acting out of character, consider whether there may be something else going on and try to reach out if you can speak to them on their own.
Try and find out more about what is going on. It might be harder for them to get time to themselves whilst in lockdown, only ask questions when you think it is safe to do so, ie. when they are alone doing the shopping or taking a walk; or in a room by themselves. Ask them if it's safe to talk, and use ask yes/no questions if necessary.
Approach it gently, take your time. They might say everything is fine, but you've opened the door for them to tell you more. Be mindful that it may feel unsafe for a survivor to tell a friend or family member what's happening, try not to get frustrated if you feel that they are not telling you the full story.
- Validate their experience, challenge their doubt and self-blame
If they tell you more about what's going on, listen to them, believe them, and reassure them that it's not their fault.
They might be doubting themselves or feeling like they are making a big deal out of nothing. Hearing things like 'that sounds really difficult', 'this seems like it's making you feel really bad' lets them know that you are listening, you believe them, and what they are saying is valid.
They might feel like something is all their fault or focus on things they've done wrong – after all, this is what they are hearing from the person who is abusing them all the time! You can offer a different perspective on this: saying things like "it doesn't sound like it's your fault", "I don't think you've done anything wrong here", "what you've done seems reasonable to me", can provide some reassurance for them and highlight that they are not to blame.
It's important to recognise that some of the most powerful forms of abuse are not physical – coercive control, financial abuse and psychological abuse can be extremely damaging and often result in a survivor feeling trapped and powerless. If someone discloses any form of abuse to you, validate their experience, support them, and advise them to seek help.
- Tell them about the support that is available
You can share the number of the Solace's helpline, the national domestic abuse helpline, or of local service (find out what's available in your area on your local authority website). Let them know that the helplines are there to provide free, confidential support, that we will listen, and that we will never judge, stigmatise or blame them.
Remember, specialist services are there to help provide support and advice. Don't try to take it all on yourself and offer advice – what might be good advice for one person, could put another person at risk. Specialist workers can assess the risks, safety plan and provide advice and guidance.
- Find out how you can support them
Ask them what you could do to support them. This could be arranging a code word that they can use over the phone or via text, so if they are in danger, you know to call 999. If it's safe to do so, they could leave some emergency items at your place, such as some clothes, passport and essential documents, in case they and any children need to leave at short notice. If they do have to leave, encourage them to get to a safe place and call Solace, or the national helpline if it's out of hours, to get advice on the next steps.
- Insult their partner: think about a time when someone was mean or rude about someone you cared about – how did that feel?
- Ask them what they've done to 'provoke' the situation: they will be carrying enough blame and doubt, and they don't need you to add to it!
- Try to force them to take action they're not ready for: they will do that when they are ready.
- Try to manage the situation yourself: you are not alone in this, and neither is the survivor. Specialist support is available.
Other sources of help
- Childline has a 24 hour helpline for children 08001111 and web based support including a dedicated page for deaf children.
- Galop offer specific LGBT+ DV support and advice. Helpline 0800 999 5428 available 10 – 5 Monday – Friday and until 8pm on Wednesday and Thursday.
- Ikwro offer DV support for Middle Eastern and Afghan Women. Languages spoken are Farsi, Kurdish, Arabic, Dari, Pashto, Turkish, and English. Mon to Fri 9.30am-5.30pm 020 7920 6460 For out-of-hours emergencies call: Kurdish / Arabic / English 07846 275 246 Farsi / Dari / English 07846 310 157
- Karma Nirvana support victims of honour-based abuse and forced marriage. They run a helpline from 9-5 Monday to Friday on 08005999247
- NSPCC has advice for anyone worried about a child .
- Sign Health offer support for deaf people suffering DV.
- Silent Solutions in an emergency Dial 999. Listen to the questions from the 999 operator. Respond by coughing or tapping the handset if possible. If prompted press 55 – this lets the operator know it is a genuine emergency and you will be put through to the police who can trace the call. For more information.
- Southall Black Sisters this is not an emergency help line. Mon to Fri from 9am-5pm 0208 571 9595 or email email@example.com
- Stonewall DV advice and information for the LGBT+ community.
- Surviving Economic Abuse have updated their information in relation to Covid.
Do you need help? Call Solace Women's aid now on freephone 0808 802 5565
Housing and homelessness
What is a refuge
A refuge is a safe space where women and children experiencing domestic abuse can stay free from fear of the perpetrator.
Refuge addresses are confidential and there are often additional security measures in place to keep them safe such as CCTV, alarm systems and additional locks on doors and windows.
Each refuge will have its own assessment criteria, which will include proximity to the area you are fleeing from, the number and age of children that can be accommodated, and the level of support that can be provided.
Some refuges are self-contained, however most will have a private room for you and your children with shared facilities such as kitchen, living room, and bathroom. You will be expected to cook for yourself and your children, and budget for your own living expenses.
The time a resident lives in a refuge will vary. However, refuges are short term crisis accommodation, and you will usually expect to stay there for around six months. You will be allocated a key worker or support worker, who will help you explore your housing options for when you leave the refuge. The key worker will also support you with your practical and emotional needs during your time at the refuge.
The rent for refuges can be high, and your keyworker will support you to apply for housing benefit to help cover the costs. Some refuges cannot accept referrals for women who are not eligible for Housing Benefit.
Some refuges will have a play room and services for children, such as a children's worker who will help your children settle in to the refuge and arrange play activities for them.
Find a refuge space
If you would like to find a refuge space you can call Solace Advice Line on 0808 802 5565. This service is available Monday-Friday from 10am – 4pm. Advisors can do a refuge search for current vacancies which are suitable for you and your needs.
To do a refuge search on weekends or at evenings/night, you can call the National Domestic Violence Helpline which is a 24-Hour service on 0808 2000 247.
Staying safe at home
If you are living with the perpetrator, there is safety planning that you can do. You can plan exit routes for emergencies, pack a bag if you have to leave in a crisis or put emergency contacts on your phone/in a safe place so they are they easily accessible.
Please see our section on Staying Safe for further advice.
If you are no longer living with the perpetrator, but they know where you live and you feel unsafe, you may also be able to access a sanctuary scheme with your local council. This involves an assessment to help keep you safe in your home, and they can put extra security measures on your home such as secure locks, panic alarms, CCTV, security lights to help make your home safer. You can contact your local council to put these measures in place for free, usually with permission from the landlord.
However if you do not feel safe to remain in your home, you can make a Homelessness Application (see below).
How to make a homelessness application
If you are not safe in your home, either because the perpetrator lives with you, or knows your address, then you are entitled to approach the council for assistance. If you do not feel safe in the area in which you currently live, then you are entitled to approach any council in England and Wales.
This is called a Homelessness application. In order to access this route, you will need to have 'eligible' immigration status, this means you are a British national, have Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK, or are any EU National exercising your Treaty Rights.
To begin this process you can call the housing department of your chosen council and request an appointment. Some councils will not offer appointments, and they may ask you to come in in person and wait to be seen by a housing officer. When you see the Housing Officer, you will be interviewed about your circumstances. You have the right to ask for a female interviewer, if you feel more comfortable. It is a good idea to bring ID, proof of housing history, proof of income such as bank statements, payslips or benefit letters, medical evidence if you have any medical conditions, and any information you have about the domestic abuse that you have experienced, such as police reports, doctor's letters, letters from Children's Services, or any other agencies that you have received support from.
The council will want to establish if you are in 'priority need' for assistance. This means that the council consider your household to be particularly vulnerable if they do not assist. Households in which there are children, or pregnant women are considered to be in priority need. If you do not have children, you may still be in priority need if you are elderly, have physical or learning disabilities, have mental health difficulties, are fleeing violence or abuse, have spent time in care, prison or the armed forces, or have any other vulnerabilities. The council will assess priority need on a case by case basis. If the council believe you to be in priority need, then they have a duty to provide you with emergency temporary accommodation that day. If you are not in priority need, the council may not provide with you emergency accommodation, but still have a duty to advise and assist you in finding safe accommodation.
The council have a duty to assess if you are 'intentionally homeless.' This means, if you did anything that may have led to you being homeless. If you have had to flee your home due to abuse, then this is never your fault, and the council should not find you to be 'intentionally homeless'.
The council will work with you to develop a 'Personalised Housing Plan', to help you find somewhere to live within the next 8 weeks. The Plan will have actions both for you and your housing officer to complete, and must be agreed on by both of you. If your housing officer asks you to do something that you are not able to do, then you have a right to tell them this.
The council have 56 days to make a decision on your Homelessness Application. If the council accept a duty to house you, then they may offer your privately rented accommodation, or they may put you on the Social Housing list. The wait for a social housing tenancy (a council property or Housing Association property) can be very long, sometimes several years, particularly in popular urban areas. However, the council have a duty to provide you with some form of safe and suitable temporary accommodation until they have provided you with permanent accommodation.
If you need more support about how to make a homelessness application, you can call Solace Advice Line on 0808 802 5565.
Secure tenants
You may have a secure council tenancy, or Housing Association tenancy. If you flee your home, you may be worried about losing this. You can speak to your landlord about transferring to a new property. You can approach your designated housing officer, or request to speak to the Safeguarding Lead, or Anti Social Behaviour Team. You will probably have to tell them some information about the abuse you have been experiencing, and explain that you do not wish to remain in the property.
Dual Housing benefits
If you have left your home because of abuse or fear of abuse you can get housing benefit for both your old home and the home you are staying in now.
If you intend to return to your old home, you can get housing benefit for up to one year on both homes. You can get dual housing benefit for up to four weeks if you do not intend to return to your old home.
Please call the Advice Line for further guidance on any housing issues – 0808 802 5565
If you cannot get council support for housing
Immigration and No Recourse to Public Funds (NRPF)
Support at solace
Solace offers r support to women experiencing domestic and/or sexual abuse who also have insecure immigration status. In particular women who are able to make immigration or asylum applications relating to this abuse.
Call their advice line for help – 0808 802 5565
Other support
Rights of Women
Free legal information and advice about family law.
Rights of Women legal guide
Domestic violence and immigration law the "domestic violence rule"
This legal guide explains the immigration law and policy relevant to women from abroad who are in the UK on a spouse or partner visa and are experiencing domestic violence. The domestic violence rule, explained in this guide, may apply to you if you are in the UK as the wife, partner or civil partner of someone who is British or has
Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR).
Children and parenting
The impact of domestic abuse on children
We know that domestic abuse can impact children of any age in many different ways. Children don't need to have witnessed violence or been hurt themselves to be affected.
Your child may present with concerning behaviours such as lashing out, avoiding school, becoming more clingy to you or complaining more of physical pain such as tummy aches.
However it is also useful to remember that sometimes impact may be less visible; children may become more withdrawn or become very well behaved as they don't wish to put any more strain on their parents.
A child's brain is forming some of its most important connections and systems in the first 18 months of life and these are shaped by their experiences of the world around them. When a child is in a stressful, dangerous or unpredictable environment this activates their stress response system which can make them hypervigilant, always trying to monitor danger. This can become over active with the result that even when the child is safe their brain may continue to feel that they are not, resulting in them becoming jumpy or seeming angry and hard to manage.
In school age children this can also impact on their concentration and ability to make friends. In younger children this means that their development may become delayed as so much energy is going in to keeping them safe.
What can i do to help my child
The most important thing is that you continue to tell your child that you love them; provide lots of affection and reassurance.
It is useful to answer any questions they may have as openly and honestly as you can. You should try to do this in an age appropriate way and keep explanations as simple as possible.
You may want to set aside some dedicated time to do this when you are not preoccupied with other activities and when your child is feeling calm.
Help your child to express and name their feelings – model verbalising how you feel when something makes you angry worried or upset. There are also books for children of different ages which can help you talk about feelings.
You may want to seek some therapeutic support for your child, which can provide a space for them to process their experiences and express difficult feelings.
Finding activities for your child to boost their self-esteem can be really beneficial for example a sports or drama club.
Make sure you still make time to do nice activities with your child- playing, colouring, watching a movie, going for a nature walk….
Look after yourself! You cannot support your children unless you are being supported. You may want to find some counselling for yourself. Do not be too harsh on yourself – what has happened is not your fault either and you are coping with a very stressful situation.
Getting back in charge
It can be really hard to maintain boundaries when there has been domestic abuse, often there are feelings of guilt for what the child has experienced and often behaviour can escalate when children feel unsettled.
It is really important to maintain clear, consistent boundaries to make children feel safe. Tips for doing this include:
- Modelling good behaviour and communication
- Giving clear instructions as to what you want the child to do
- Giving praise and attention for good behaviour
- Ignoring bad behaviour
- Confrontation – "NO, don't do that" followed by firm authoritative instructions
- Incentives
- Consequences
- Time out – time out should not be an alternative to completing a task, but a consequence of bad behaviour.
How to talk to your children about Domestic abuse
It is very important to talk with your children about domestic abuse. If you don't they may feel that they are to blame, confused or like they are crazy, they may think that it is not ok to talk about violence or their feelings. By talking to your children you can make them feel safer, cared for and understood and help them to learn that violence is not an ok way to deal with your problems and that it is ok to talk about feelings.
Talk to children when they are ready and make sure that you have lots of time and are both feeling calm. Be patient; accept that they may not be willing or able to talk about it right away. Try another time.
Let them know that it is not ok for anybody to ever hurt somebody else.
Make sure that they realise what has happened is not their fault and there is nothing that they could have done to change or prevent it.
Let them know you will listen to them, and that you know it must have been scary for them. Let them know that they can tell you how they feel.
Talk about what your child can do to keep themselves safe if it happens again. (For example, staying in your room, going to neighbours, etc.)
Speak about your ex-partner in a general way and try to avoid name calling. Challenge their behaviour rather than the person- your child may still love the abusive parent and may find these feelings confusing.
If they find it difficult to talk you could try having a question box in which they can post questions or a journal where you can write messages to each other.
Acknowledge that it may be uncomfortable for you to talk about the abuse – saying you don't have time may be your way of avoiding it. It might be scary for you to remember what happened- it's scary for your children too but once you start talking it may feel less scary. Try talking with an adult you trust first.
Children's services
When children's services (previously known as social services) receive information which lead them to suspect that a child may be at risk of harm, they must look into the child's situation and take any action necessary to keep them safe and promote their welfare. Often when there has been domestic abuse in the home they will complete an assessment with the family to make sure that the children are safe and that you all have the support they need.
Sometimes if parents are not taking steps needed to keep their children safe and there is reason to believe that the risk of harm to them is very high Children's services may go through a legal process in order to take those children in to care. However this is only something that will happen after all other attempts to work with parents to keep their children safe have been exhausted.
*This information was gathered from Solace Women aid website


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Our Pet Pick, Chino is a 9-month-old Terrier Mix who is healthy and happy and who is looking for his forever home.
Chino is a very sweet and playful little guy who loves to be cuddled and has a lot of energy. He is a little shy at first, but once he warms up, he is friendly and lovable. He was surrendered to the NSPCA when his previous family was having financial problems and could no longer afford to take care of him.
He likes kids and other dogs his size but as always we encourage you to bring any other dogs or children with on your meet and greet with Chino.
Chino will make his debut at 2 this afternoon, at Subaru of Las Vegas. They are located at 6455 W Roy Horn Way, Las Vegas, NV 89118. We will be streaming it on KXNT.com and on our Facebook page: KXNT Newsradio. After his debut, Chino will be available for adoption at the Nevada SPCA, located at 4800 West Dewey Drive, Las Vegas, NV 89118.
We thank Burton Hughes and all the good folks at Subaru of Las Vegas for sponsoring our Pet Pick of the Week and for their efforts on behalf of all the pets in our community.
When you adopt Chino, you will get a $25 gift certificate in doggie dollars from Subaru of Las Vegas to be spent on doggie goods at the accessories counter.
All Chino wants is a forever home. Adopt Chino today!


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suzanne+nick planned to have a big formal wedding day in may, but of course as things changed this year so did their plans. from spring, to fall, to mid-summer – these two moved things around to try to make it all work and i could tell they were just so happy to finally be husband+wife on their long awaited wedding day!! they had the sweetest intimate church ceremony and private reception at the fanciest steak house in omaha! with just close family and friends by their sides, it was a special day in every way!
Add Your Comment
hang with jules
i would absolutely LOVE to capture your love story. drop all your info below to get all the deets on working together for your wedding day photography!


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Various functions are introduced from a unique field-effect device structure which combines or merges transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) and InGaZnO (IGZO) channels together on one common gate: multivalue field effect transistors (FETs), photodetecting devices, and signal frequency doublers. Judging by the individual transfer characteristics of two FET devices, the n-IGZO FET always shows higher drain current and more positive-side turn-on voltage than those of n-TMD channel FETs. As a result, a combined transfer characteristic presents two-step drain current levels, so that their load-resistance inverter might demonstrate three value output voltage signals. Those ternary value inverter devices with n-IGZO/n-ReSe2 or n-IGZO/n-WSe2 combination also operate as a photodetector, responding to visible/near infrared (IR) photons with a fast photodynamics of 30 ms rising/falling time. The most interesting is the ambipolar device achieved from n-IGZO FET/p-MoTe2 FET combination circuit. The ambipolar device circuit operates as an alternating current (AC) signal frequency doubler and demonstrates twofold organic light emitting diode blinking in one AC period. This unprecedented technique for the multifunctional field effect TMD devices incorporating n-IGZO FETs will open a new path toward future electronics.
|Original language
|Article number
|Advanced Electronic Materials
|Issue number
|Publication status
|Published - 2019 Dec 1
Bibliographical noteFunding Information:
The authors acknowledge the financial support from NRF (NRL program: Grant No. 2017R1A2A1A05001278; SRC program, Grant No. 2017R1A5A1014862, vdWMRC center), Creative Materials Discovery Program (2015M3D1A1068061) administered by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) and funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials


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SIMSBURY, May 30 – Mistakes caught up with the Simsbury High baseball team in Wednesday's second round Class LL tournament game at Memorial Field.
Tied at 1-1, Simsbury committed an error and hit three batters in the top of the sixth inning as No. 9 East Hartford scored six runs to break open the game and eliminate the Trojans, 9-1. The Hornets did have four hits in the sixth inning as well.
No. 8 Simsbury (16-6) committed four errors, hit four batters, walked six and gave up five unearned runs as East Hartford snapped Simsbury's six-game winning streak.
East Hartford took the early lead but Simsbury tied it in the bottom of the first inning. Jack Donofrio singled, stole second base and scored on Mason Valentino's sacrifice fly to left field to tie the game at 1-1.
Hornets starting pitcher Alessio Pressamarita threw a complete game, scattering five hits and striking out six, including two in the seventh inning. He walked just one batter. Jarod Dalrymple and Axel DeJesus each had two hits for East Hartford. Dalrymple was 2-for-5 with three RBI while Mark Damaschi was 1-for-2 with a double and two RBI.
For Simsbury, Donofrio was 2-for-3 with a double while Tate Valerio also doubled.
East Hartford 9, Simsbury 1
At Simsbury
East Hartford (16-6) 100 006 2 – 9-8-0
Simsbury (16-6) 100 000 0 – 1-5-4
Alessio Pressamarita and Pearson; Luke Benneche, Aidan Shugrue (6), Jack McNally (7) and Mason Valentino; WP: Pressmarita; LP: Benneche; 2B: Mark Damaschi (EH), Jack Donofrio (S), Tate Valerio (S)


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Provide your camper with an award-winning camp experience where they'll learn life skills, make friends, and have tons of fun! Cal Youth Camps offers a wide spectrum of summer (June 10–August 16, 2019) and year-round programming for all ages 4–17+. Whether your child will explore the solar system in the Lawrence Hall of Science planetarium, land their first kickflip in a nationally-recognized skateboarding camp, or cultivate social skills with specialized programming, they will cherish their summer forever. Affordable and flexible camps are open to all.
Give the gift of fun today with a gift certificate to Cal Youth Camps. Cal Youth Camps is offering parents the change to save money and reserve their camper's spot before registration opens on January 30, 2019 – purchase a gift certificate to our award-winning sport and activity camps – Explorer Camp (Ages 4.5-6) or Blue Camp (Ages 7-13) and save with our early bird pricing.
Explorer Camp – Ages 4.5-6
Come make new friends, play a variety of sports, and learn new developmental skills in a safe and energetic atmosphere designed just for you! Whether your child is a first-timer or an experienced Explorer camper, our exciting and active program is sure to create lasting memories for your child for years to come! Explorer Camp employs a superb and highly-trained group of instructors and group leaders to be there every step of your child's camp experience.
|One Week
|Two Week
Location: Strawberry Canyon Rec Area
Blue Camp – Ages 7-13
Join the fun in this active outdoor day camp where campers try a variety of activities that range from swimming and soccer to lacrosse and volleyball. Blue Camp is a place where independence and personal responsibility is fostered. Campers learn to advocate for themselves, navigate their activity schedule, and have fun while receiving top level instruction from our staff.
|One Week
|Two Week
Location: Golden Bear Rec Center
Redeem This Offer
Once you purchase this offer, please contact our Camp Enrollment team between February 1 – February 29, 2019 to choose the desired dates for your one week or two week camp and complete any necessary registration forms.
Camp Enrollment team: email@example.com


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Rules for Posting Comments
The Field Notes blog aims to be a forum for lively and spirited debate and discussion on a range of environmental concerns. We encourage visitors to our blog to get involved, and give us their thoughts. However we do have basic rules to keep the exchange civil. They are:
- Please be respectful. No personal or transparently spiteful attacks.
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- Please stay on subject. Blatantly off-subject comments will not be posted.
We know that virtually everyone has an opinion about the environment, and we want to hear it. So with these rules of civility in mind, please participate in the Island Press community by adding your ideas, feedback, and commentary as often as possible!


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Tennessee Bill Would Eliminate Privilege Tax For More Professions
Photo: Senator John Stevens (R) from Huntingdon, Tennessee as he presents Senate Bill 884 to the Senate Finance, Ways and Means Revenue Subcommittee.
Photo Credit: tn.gov
Published April 1, 2021
By Vivian Jones [The Center Square contributor] –
The Tennessee Legislature is considering the removal of a $400 annual "privilege tax" on certain professions in Tennessee.
The state levies an annual $400 professional privilege tax on individuals licensed or registered to practice in any of seven professions: attorneys, securities agents, broker-dealers, investment advisers, lobbyists, doctors and osteopathic physicians.
Senate Bill 884 would eliminate the tax for attorneys, physicians, investment advisers and lobbyists. Sen. John Stevens, R-Huntingdon, who sponsors the bill, said the legislation is likely to change as the Legislature continues budget negotiations in the coming weeks.
"This bill is designed to be a vehicle for the elimination of the professional privilege tax," Stevens said Tuesday during a Senate Finance, Ways and Means Revenue Subcommittee.
The bill received a positive recommendation from the subcommittee with bipartisan support during the committee's last meeting of the legislative session.
Tennessee's professional privilege tax previously was levied on 22 professions, including accountants, architects, dentists, pharmacists and veterinarians. The General Assembly approved legislation in 2019 to eliminate the tax for 15 of the 22 professions.
Nearly 200,000 professionals pay Tennessee's professional privilege tax. Total elimination of the tax would cost the state about $67 million in revenue, Stevens said.
During Tuesday's committee meeting, Sen. Todd Gardenhire, R-Chattanooga, said 77% of the people who pay the tax live outside the state, accounting for about $57 million in tax revenue.
"This is a recurring revenue stream," Gardenhire said. "Tell me what recurring expenses you're going to cut to offset $57 million from out of state people paying this."
Stevens agreed that with any decrease to state revenue there should be a corresponding programing cut, but cuts would be negotiated as budget discussions continue.
"It would likely not be constitutional to treat those out-of-state folks differently than the in-state folks," Stevens said.
A companion bill in the House has been placed behind the budget.


text: Students in grades 1-4 are taught Core French, French Social Studies, and French Health as a part of our extended French Program. Each year, our Extended French Program, taught by Mme. Sybil, will expand. Core French is also taught in grades 5-8.Grammar, reading, listening, writing, and speaking are all part of the French language program. Cultural dimensions focus on a variety of French speaking countries. Students are exposed to individuals from diverse French speaking environments. They are also given opportunities and encouraged to speak the language in the community.


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Darrick Martin Salon is an exclusive & modern hair studio in North Logan offering high quality services in a beautiful ambient environment.
About Us
I can't speak highly enough of Darrick as a stylist. After struggling with other stylists and getting unsatisfactory results, I finally found Darrick. He always gets my hair perfect and takes the time to talk through what I want. I won't let anyone else touch my hair. I highly recommend him if you're wanting high lights and/or blonding.
– Katie S. –
I have never walked away disappointed. Darrick is a spectacular color artist that will make sure you leave feeling your best. Darrick Martin Salon is a professional and fun experience all around.
– Aubrey M. –
I've been going to Darrick for over 7 years and I won't go anywhere else. His knowledge and skill with hair color is unmatched in this valley and always gives me a great cut to match. I"m a client for life.
– Jennifer S. –
I will NEVER let anyone else do my hair!! I always have complete confidence in Darrick's skills and abilities. I get complimented and asked frequently "who does your hair?" He is the very best at what he does and he's fun to hang out with! Luv, luv, luv him!
– Mindi T. –
Men's Haircut
Women's Haircut
Women's Blowout
Conditioning Treatment
Full Highlight
Full Color & Highlight
Balayage Color
*All services are subject to change and can be less or more depending on the technician and hair length/thickness.
Get in Touch
Address: 2045 N 200 E, North Logan, UT 84341
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Personal Phone: 435-760-2731
Get in Touch
Address: 2045 N 200 E, North Logan, UT 84341
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Personal Phone: 435-760-2731


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Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 2 of 2 items for
- Author or Editor: Christopher S. Imler x
Unlike most horticultural crops, blueberry (Vaccinium spp. section cyanococcus) prefers low-pH (4.2–5.5) soils. Other plants can acidify their rhizosphere to create a hospitable microenvironment. Southern highbush blueberry (SHB; Vaccinium corymbosum interspecific hybrids) plants do not acidify their rhizosphere in response to Fe deficiency, but other factors that affect rhizosphere pH have not been elucidated. We report results from two hydroponic experiments exploring N uptake effects on the rhizosphere pH of 'Emerald' SHB. Ammonium (NH4 +) uptake led to rhizosphere acidification, whereas nitrate (NO3 –) uptake led to rhizosphere alkalization. When grown in a split-root hydroponic system, roots that took up NH4 + acidified the rhizosphere to a greater extent that roots not exposed to NH4 +. Rhizosphere acidification was observed even in a nontreated control. These results suggest that NH4 + uptake is the main driver of rhizosphere pH in SHB. N form effects suggest that fertilization with NO3 – might lead to undesirable rhizosphere alkalization.
During the 2021 American Society for Horticultural Science annual conference, the Teaching Methods Professional Interest Group hosted the workshop "Going beyond Zoom: Tips and tricks for teaching horticulture online." This workshop provided a forum for the dissemination of tools, materials, and approaches used to facilitate active learning in horticulture courses. Here we summarize the topics presented in the workshop as a resource for current and future horticulture instructors.


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Moose Knuckles Women's Stirling Parka
Not a fan of winter? With a Stirling Parka all that will change, our most popular style for women this slim fit jacket will take you through the winters with style and ease. With its down-fill, water-resistant shell, fox trim hood and longer lenth to keep your assets toasty there is no need to keep hunting. But beware, strangers may try to pet your pom poms.
- Cotton nylon water repellent outershell
- 100% Down proof nylon lining
- Grey duck down (5P-UKE)
- Down loft 620 CC per Oz.
- Heavy duty YKK front zippers
- Four front seamed pockets
- Detachable hood with blue Fox fur
- Draw cord at hood
- Windflap with snap closure
- Metal logo sleeve
- Pom Poms with blue Fox fur
- Made in Canada


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Kuttel, M.M. (2022) Comparative molecular modelling of capsular polysaccharide conformations in Streptococcus suis serotypes 1, 2, 1/2 and 14 identifies common epitopes for antibody binding., Front. Mol. Biosci., 9, Frontiers.
Richardson, N. I. and Kuttel, M. M. and Ravenscroft, N. (2022) Modeling of pneumococcal serogroup 10 capsular polysaccharide molecular conformations provides insight into epitopes and observed cross-reactivity., Front. Mol. Biosci., 9, Frontiers.
Keet, C Maria and Gruetter, Rolf (2021) Toward a systematic conflict resolution framework for ontologies, Journal of Biomedical Semantics, 12.
Richardson, N. I. and Kuttel, M. M. and St Michael, F. and Carins, C. and Cox, A. D. and Ravenscroft, N. (2021) Cross-reactivity of Haemophilus influenzae type a and b polysaccharides: molecular modeling and conjugate immunogenicity studies., Glycoconjugate Journal, Springer Verlag (Germany).
Truda, Gianluca and Marais, Patrick (2021) Evaluating warfarin dosing models on multiple datasets with a novel software framework and evolutionary optimisation, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 113, Elsevier.
Chingoma, Julian and Meyer, Thomas (2020) Defeasibility applied to Forrester's paradox, South African Computer Journal, 32, SAICSIT.
Harrison, Michael and Meyer, Thomas (2020) DDLV: A system for rational preferential reasoning for Datalog, South African Computer Journal, 32, SAICSIT.
Hlozek, Jason and Owen, Sarah and Ravenscroft, Neil and Kuttel, Michelle M. (2020) Molecular Modeling of the Shigella flexneri Serogroup 3 and 5 O-Antigens and Conformational Relationships for a Vaccine Containing Serotypes 2a and 3a., Vaccines, 8, MDPI.
Keet, C. Maria (2020) The African Wildlife Ontology tutorial ontologies, Journal of Biomedical Semantics, 11.
Kuttel, Michelle M. and Casadevall, Arturo and Oscarson, Stefan (2020) Cryptococcus neoformans capsular GXM conformation and epitope presentation: a molecular modelling study, Molecules, 25, MDPI.
Morris, Matthew and Ross, Tala and Meyer, Thomas (2020) Algorithmic definitions for KLM-style defeasible disjunctive Datalog, South African Computer Journal, 32, SAICSIT.
Potoniec, Jedrzej and Wisniewski, Dawid and Lawrynowicz, Agnieszka and Keet, C. Maria (2020) Dataset of ontology competency questions to SPARQL-OWL queries translations, Data in Brief, 29.
Toussaint, W and Moodley, D (2020) Clustering Residential Electricity Consumption Data to Create Archetypes that Capture Household Behaviour in South Africa, South African Computer Journal, 32, SAICSIT.
Kuttel, Michelle M. and Ravenscroft, Neil (2019) Conformation and cross-protection in Group B Streptococcus serotype III and Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14: a molecular modeling study, Pharmaceuticals, 12, MDPI.
Abdelnour-Nocera, Dr Jose and Densmore, Dr Melissa (2017) A review of perspectives and challenges for international development in information and communications technologies., Annals of the International Communication Association, Taylor and Francis.
Adeleke, JA and Moodley, D and Rens, G and Adewumi, AO (2017) Integrating statistical machine learning in a semantic sensor web for proactive monitoring and control, Sensors, 17, MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Coetzer, W and Moodley, D and Gerber, A (2017) A knowledge-based system for generating interaction networks from ecological data, Data & Knowledge Engineering, Elsevier B.V..
Sen, Dr Rijurekha and Ahmad, Mr Sohaib and Phokeer, Mr Amreesh and Farooq, Mr Zaid Ahmed and Qazi, Mr Ihsan Ayyub and Choffnes, Dr David and Gummadi, Dr Krishna P. (2017) Inside the Walled Garden: Deconstructing Facebook's Free Basics Program, Computer Communication Review, 47, ACM.
Coetzer, Willem and Moodley, Deshendran and Gerber, Aurona (2016) Eliciting and Representing High-Level Knowledge Requirements to Discover Ecological Knowledge in Flower-Visiting Data, PLoS ONE, 11, PLOS.
Blake, Edwin and Densmore, Melissa and Walton, Marion (2015) Gary Marsden's Legacy at the University of Cape Town, Information Technology and International Development, 11, USC Annenberg Press.
Gain, James and Marais, Patrick and Neeser, Rudy (2014) City Sketching, Journal of WSCG, 22.
Kenwood, Julian and Gain, James and Marais, Patrick (2014) Efficient Procedural Generation of Forests, Journal of WSCG, 22.
Admatsky, Andrew and Akl, Selim and Alonso-Sanz, Ramon and van Dessel, Wesley and Ibrahim, Zuwaire and Ilachinski, Andrew and Jones, Jeff and Kayem, Anne V.D.M. and Martinez, Genaro and de Oliveria, Pedro and Propenko, Mikhail and Schubert, Theresa and Sloot, Peter and Strano, Emmanuele and Yang, Xie-She (2012) Are Motorways Rational from Slime Mould's Point of View?, International Journal of Parallel, Emergent, and Distributed Systems.
Adamatsky, Andrew and Kayem, Anne V.D.M. (2011) Biological Evaluation of Trans-African Highways, European Physical Journal (EPJ) Special Issue: Spatially Embedded Complex Networks.
Boyinbode, Olutayo and Bagula, Dr Antoine and Ngambi, Dick (2011) An Opencast Mobile learning Framework for Enhancing Learning in Higher Education, International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology, 4, SERSC.
Bagula, Dr A. (2010) Modelling and Implementation of QoS in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Multi-constrained Traffic Engineering Model, Eurasip Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2010, Eurasip.
Bagula, Dr A. and Osunmakinde, Dr I. and Zennaro, Dr M. (2010) On the Relevance of Using Bayesian Belief Networks in Wireless Sensor Networks Situation Recognition, Sensors, 10, MDPI.
Kuttel, Dr. Michelle and Gain, Dr. James and Burger, Mr. Anton and Eborn, Mr. Ian (2006) Techniques for visualization of carbohydrate molecules, Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling, 25, Elsevier.


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The researcher chose to investigate this topic because she is solely interested I finding out why Haiti's socio-economic structure deteriorated after the Haitian Revolution ended in 1804. It has always been the curiosity of the researcher to discover Haiti's state prior to this major revolt and also to find out the factors which caused the socio-economic break down of the colony. This research seeks to educate the researcher and whoever may read it in an effort to broaden their knowledge on Haiti's socio-economic structure and why it is the way it is.
The Haitian Revolution was a strategy used by African slaves in Haiti to resist slavery. In the 18th century, Haiti was the richest colony in the entire Caribbean and was the largest market of cane sugar. They accounted for half the sugar used in the Americas and Europe; they also produced cotton, coffee and indigo which were also used in developing France socially and economically.
Even though Haiti was very successful in its own and France's economical endeavours, the strategy used was somewhat detriment as they applied brutal measures to the enslaved who worked on their plantations. According to Liberties Lost: Caribbean Indigenous Societies and Slave Systems written by Hilary McD Beckles and Verene A. Shepherd, it was the background of thecivil warbetween the free mixed race and French communities and their mutual opposition to French domination, that those enslaved on the 22nd of August 1791, launched the greatest revolt for freedom from slavery ever known.
Due to the revolt that lasted for thirteen long years, there was mass destruction in property, plantations and loss of many lives. These resulted in the break down of the socio-economic structure and further more the economy. This research will address the socio-economic state of Haiti or previously known as ' St. Domingue' prior to the revolt and the factors that contributed to the deterioration of its socio-economic break down which will be used to prove that it was the Haitian Revolution that destroyed the French colony.


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Disclaimer: This site contains affiliate links from which we receive a compensation (like Amazon for example). But they do not affect the opinions and recommendations of the authors.
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Like many news outlets our publication is supported by ad revenue from companies whose products appear on our site. This revenue may affect the location and order in which products appear. But revenue considerations do not impact the objectivity of our content. While our team has dedicated thousands of hours to research, we aren't able to cover every product in the marketplace.
For example, Wise Bread has partnerships with brands including, but not limited to, American Express, Bank of America, Capital One, Chase, Citi, Discover, and Amazon.
Can you save the environment and take care of your personal finances at the same time? Yes, you can. Here's how.
If you're looking to cut your grocery budget, pay attention to how much money you're taking out with the trash.
Gardening is good for mind, body, and soul!
You won't get rich quick by cutting your electric bill, but you can have a small victory every month by saving some of your hard-earned cash.
When the winter days are short and dreary, glance over at your blooming indoor plants to improve your mood.
We don't often advise you to buy more stuff, but these frugal purchases really will help you live a longer, happier, healthier life. It's science!
Need some extra cash? A bike is all you need to get a killer side job.
Convenience comes at a price — and the planet is paying it.
We all know auto loans are bad for our bottom line. Check out just how much easier life can be when you straight-up own your car.
You know disposables are bad for the planet — and your budget. These reusable replacements are cheaper and greener, and they're convenient, too.
Help the planet (and save yourself some money) by celebrating Earth Day. Plus, learn ways to practice sustainability all year round.
I didn't know what to expect when I started into Eco-Friendly Families by Helen Coronato. I am, after all, only considered "moderately green." Would this book, with over 200 page
I'm all for taking care of the world around us. Is it possible, however, that we've taken "green" issues at more than their face value? Do we accidentally limit our discernment a
Recently, at an open mic night event my husband and I attended with friends, I noticed an interesting use of a recycled necktie. Seeing this reminded me of a skirt I saw years ago
Here are ten easy ways for improving both the environment and your lifestyle. Implement just a few of them and you'll likely see a benefit to your bank account at the end of th
Are prefabbed homes the wave of the future? Judging from some of the magazines that I receive (Sunset, Metropolitan Home), it sure looks like things are heading in that direction. [more]
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- Banks resume at ports area to facilitate clearance, duty payment
For the need to get cargo, especially of essential commodities and raw materials to their destinations unhindered, the Nigerian Shippers' Council (NSC) has urged the Federal Government to exempt cargoes from inter-state restriction on movements, even as the seaports remain operational for cargo clearance.
The NSC Executive Secretary, Hassan Bello, made the call in Lagos during his on-the-spot assessment of the Apapa and Tin-Can Island ports following President Muhammadu Buhari's directive that all seaports in Lagos remain operational in accordance with the guidelines issued earlier.
Bello also urged clearing agents and importers to use the period of the lockdown to clear their cargoes from the ports and decongest the terminals, adding that the agency has provided buses for port workers to enable them access the ports.
"I'm always scared about the congestion that will happen on both sides if cargo is not taken out of the ports," he said. "We have terminals with 95 per cent occupancy rate. We are doing the same thing at Port Harcourt, where people are not allowed to convey their goods from the port.
"We are talking to the authorities to ensure that cargoes are allowed to move freely. Cargo should not be subject to inter-state restrictions; it should reach its destination.
"That is why even at the airports, we have cargo planes dropping. Exemption has been made, as far as that is concerned. We also have train running for freight, not for passengers."
In spite of the constraints due to the Covid-19 pandemic, Bello said the NSC was working to ensure sustained operations at the ports as the nerve of the nation's economy, to enable citizens fight the spread of the deadly virus.
"We need certain essential commodities and medical equipment to move. We have sent circulars to see that port operations are kept on despite the difficulties. The government has to find a balance between the safety of the people and the economy. Ports also generate revenue, which is needed now," he explained.
For smooth operations, however, Bello said that the agency, aware of the present global constraints, including to international shipping and logistics, was "talking with the commercial banks.
"Some of them have immediately opened two branches in Apapa (Zenith Bank) and will start tomorrow for the business of assessment and payment of duties. We are talking with other banks and they will do the same."
Meanwhile, the Vice Chairman of ENL Consortium, Princess Vicky Haastrup, lamented during the visit to the ENL Terminal at the Apapa Port that the terminal was almost full, with 85 per cent yard space already occupied by consignments.
According to her, five vessels are presently waiting at berth, ready to discharge contents, but "the freight forwarders are not coming because some of them have customs problems. We are ready to operate but the people are not coming."
However, the Managing Director of Ports and Terminal Multiservices Limited (PTML), Ascanio Russo, said the company has been operating, adding: "I'm very glad that the Federal Government is a critical stakeholder, which needs to be open all the time, especially in a difficult time like this.
"Everywhere in the world, even in the most affected countries, ports and critical logistics services were never closed. I'm also very happy with the council's role in facilitating access to the ports, and for the banks to come on to facilitate payment of duties. These are very critical steps because on our side, we are ready to work."
He stressed that across the world, beyond logistics services, shipping agents, manufacturers and dockworkers, all service providers, including security, cleaners and drivers are working and should be allowed to come to the port area.


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Renowned songwriter and two-time folk Grammy nominee Eliza Gilkyson has announced the follow-up to her critically acclaimed political masterpiece, 2020, which topped the US folk radio charts.
Her new album, Songs From the River Wind, is what she calls her love letter to the Old West. It's composed of snapshots of the people and places, lives and loves lost and found over her years of wandering the West as a musical minstrel, searching for her heart's home.
Feeling the need to take a little break from the socio-political music that she felt compelled to write for her last six albums, the twice Grammy-nominated artist moved her base from Austin, TX to Taos, NM. Inspired by memories of characters and events that birthed her enduring love affair with the West, the songs span 40 years - from originals to vintage classics - and culminates with her recent decision to relocate permanently to Taos, where she is sinking down deep roots at long last.
- Wanderin'
- Buffalo Gals Redux
- Farthest End
- Charlie Moore
- Wind River and You
- Colorado Trail
- The Hill Behind This Town
- Bristlecone Pine
- Before the Great River Was Tamed
- At the Foot of the Mountain
- Don't Stop Loving Me
- Taosena Lullaby


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How Abortion Law in New York Will Change, and How It Won't
The Reproductive Health Act will remove barriers for women seeking to get abortions in New York. But some wish it could have gone further.
By Jia Tolentino
January 19, 2019
In the late spring of 2016, Erika Christensen was thirty-one weeks pregnant, and found out that the baby she was carrying would be unable to survive outside the womb. Her doctor told her that he was "incompatible with life." Christensen and her husband wanted a child desperately—they called him Spartacus, because of how hard he seemed to be fighting—but she decided, immediately, to terminate the pregnancy: if the child was born, he would suffer, and would not live long; she wanted to minimize his suffering to whatever extent she could.
Christensen lived in New York, a state where, since 2014, an estimated twenty-five to twenty-seven per cent of pregnancies end in abortion.
Continued: https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-abortion-law-in-new-york-will-change-and-how-it-wont


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Upside Butterfly Adjustments to Control Directional Risk $RUT
I'm generally somewhat poor at predicting market direction on a daily timeframe. As a result, I frequently have the opportunity to learn from market moves and adjust options trades. In the past few days the Russell 2000 has rallied a few percent and that move has put my October $RUT Butterfly under pressure. As a result, I've been adjusting the trade on the upside and trying to stay out of the way of the market.
This post looks at two different adjustments to the October $RUT Butterfly.
Adjustment #1 – Rolling up a Short Put
On September 15th (Tuesday) the market had not yet reached the point where I would add another Butterfly, but my T+Zero line was starting to dive within the body of the Butterfly and short Delta was becoming uncomfortable. The image below shows the Butterfly before making the adjustment.
In an effort to avoid getting into trouble on the upside if/when price traded up to 1170, I decided to roll one of the short 1120 puts up to 1130 by selling the 1120/1130 Put spread for a 2.70 credit. Rolling up a short put does not stretch out the expiration break even significantly, but I does flatten the T+Zero line and bring the short Delta back to a more manageable level. The image below shows the trade after making the adjustment.
Adjustment #2 – Adding The 3rd Butterfly and Long Call
After rolling up the short Put on Tuesday, the Russell decided to continue the march higher. Late in the day Tuesday the position was close to the point for adding another Butterfly, but hadn't quite reached it yet. On Wednesday morning, the Russell hit that level.
The next adjustment was to add another 50 point Butterfly centered at 1160 when the Russell reached the low 1170's. At the same time, I added another long IWM call at 117. It's worth pointing out that, as the trade progresses, it becomes more difficult to mitigate short Delta with long calls.
After adding the third Butterfly and long call, the position is at the maximum size for the trade. If price trades higher after this, the lowest Butterfly does not help and instead begins to hurt the position.
Adjustment #3 – Active Waiting
With the big move up over the past couple of days, I'm hoping the Russell slows down and gives Theta a little time to work. The trade is inside of 30 days to expiration and that's when things really start to get interesting.
In the case that the market continues to move higher (always possible), I've been looking at the next adjustment and waiting. The next adjustment point for the trade will be in around 1185 when I'll be rolling up the 50 point Butterfly centered at 1120 up to 1180.
More information:
The Butterfly above is a somewhat complex (but very dynamic) options strategy. You can find more information about the trade in this post and see updates in the Weekend Market Commentary.