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Rolling Your Ira Into Gold – Updated Review
- 1 Rolling Your Ira Into Gold
- 1.1 What Is A Gold Ira?
- 1.2 Often Asked Questions
Rolling Your Ira Into Gold
Gold has been made use of as a type of currency or store of value considering that human civilization very first began over 4000 years ago. There is a reason that cultures throughout the world that had no contact with each other all valued Gold. While it might not have an extreme quantity of useful applications when contrasted to various other steels there are two elements that assist to maintain its worth. Rolling Your Ira Into Gold
Gold is not a metal that breaks down gradually neither does it wear away. Most metals will certainly break down with time which makes them poor options to hold worth. The 2nd and also potentially crucial factor is that gold is rare. If there were an surplus of it it would certainly not be almost as beneficial.
This is led several to ask yourself whether investing in gold is a excellent concept for your retirement. This is a great notion. While it is very important to branch out among various property courses gold is a terrific hedge versus inflation and also various other negative economic impacts. Among the very best means to buy gold as a method to conserve in the direction of retired life is by opening up a gold IRA. Yet what exactly is a gold IRA?
What Is A Gold Ira?
A gold Individual Retirement Account is extremely comparable to a common IRA other than that the account will certainly be moneyed using gold in the type of bars and bullion rather than supplies or bonds. These are Individual retirement accounts that are also available to purchasing other kinds of precious metals like silver or platinum also. There are a number of caveats that can complicate the decision of whether to purchase this sort of account for your retirement.
The key benefit of an Individual Retirement Account is that it defers the tax obligations on any type of incomes from your investments. Gold does not produce any type of profits nonetheless so it might not necessarily make good sense. This does not suggest that it is a inadequate investment though there are still several reasons why you ought to think about adding this to your profile. Gold And Also Precious Metals For Retirement.
Of course among one of the most basic aspects of investing is diversification. It is risky to place all of your eggs in one basket in a manner of speaking. As if the value of this financial investment declines after that it can influence your entire portfolio. Right here are a few of the top reasons that you should think about diversifying your portfolio to consist of gold as well as other rare-earth elements. Rolling Your Ira Into Gold
Leading Factors To Have Gold In Your Pension
- Self-Directed
- Can Hold Several Rare-earth Elements.
- Paper Possession Investments
- Expand Your Portfolio
- Hedge Against Inflation
A common Roth IRA is a sort of managed investment where you can select the allotment percentages of your portfolio yet does not have control over the specific details of the investments. While this is not always a negative point it does illuminate a little bit of freedom from your option of investing choices. A gold Individual Retirement Account his entirely self-directed significance that you choose each and every detail on your own.
Can Hold Numerous Rare-earth Elements
A gold Individual Retirement Account can holding greater than just gold. There are a variety of precious metals that are allowed one of these financial investment accounts. Along with gold, you can hold numerous sorts of silver, platinum, and palladium. This is fantastic as it enables even further diversity of your portfolio.
Paper Asset Investments
In addition to an real physical collection of precious metals, it is likewise possible to buy particular derivatives and exchange-traded funds that are based on these rare-earth elements. These are described as paper possession investments and they are in fact with the ability of creating earnings where the tax obligation can be postponed.
Expand Your Portfolio
You have more than likely heard the recommendations to expand your profile sufficient to make you want to pull your hair out. There is a reason that a lot of individuals howl this at you during standard monetary education. It is because it genuinely is useful for your retired life as overtime numerous possession classes will certainly enhance and also lower in value yet by expanding you can decrease the hazardous impacts of this.
Hedge Versus Rising cost of living
Ultimately among the largest factors that individuals acquisition gold as an investment in the first place is to shield themselves against rising cost of living. While paper currencies worth boosts as well as lowers with time gold is normally much more secure.
Gold IRA Carriers
There are a couple of business that use the services of gold Individual retirement accounts. Not all of them are made equivalent, however. Right here are a few points to keep an eye out to make sure that you are working with a top notch service provider. Rolling Your Ira Into Gold
Signs A Gold Individual Retirement Account Company Deserves Working With
- Proven Track Record
- Terrific Customer Care
- Helpful
- Available to Comments
Proven Performance History.
Among the extremely first points to watch out for when you are shopping around for a supplier is their record. Have they been helping customers in the industry for just a few months or four years? Are the clients that have been with them satisfied with the solutions that they have received? If the answers to these 2 concerns are indeed there's a great chance that this firm is worth working with.
Terrific Customer Care
There is even more to a company than simply a terrific record. Because they are mosting likely to be managing such an important aspect of your monetary life it is important that they are not a migraine to collaborate with. The very best suppliers will certainly have superb customer care and also make you constantly feel valued and also appreciated.
While it is very easy to think that most individuals are currently familiar with the information of their financial investments a top quality gold Individual Retirement Account carrier will certainly head out of their method to make certain that you have every one of the information you need. If you feel that they are brushing you off that is a massive warning. Ensure to ask a lot of concerns throughout your first conference with them to get a feel for exactly how eager they are to assist inform you.
Available to Responses
Finally, the last thing to keep an eye out for is how open up to responses the firm is. While they are clearly the specialists as well as there is a good chance that they have a better understanding of the marketplace than you do ultimately no one is excellent. If they hesitate to also hear your responses that is an additional huge warning. However, if they are open to discuss any kind of feedback you have you must feel comfy collaborating with them.
Must You Have Gold In Your Pension
It is difficult to offer a covering recommendation on whether these kinds of financial investment accounts are a great fit for your economic objectives or not. This is always going to be a concern that you need to address yourself. They are terrific throughout market downturns as gold traditionally surpasses stocks throughout financial hardship. Gold is also excellent as a bush versus inflation. Inevitably whether those two variables deserve opening an totally new represent you is going to be for you to make a decision.
Often Asked Questions
How Excellent Of An Investment Is A Gold Individual retirement account
A gold IRA can be a terrific financial investment depending upon your circumstances. If it resembles there is going to be a market downturn then the opportunities are that it would deserve purchasing these as stocks will decline as these will certainly gain worth. If there are indicators of inflation than there is additionally a wonderful opportunity that it would be worth adding a little gold to your portfolio.
Is It Possible To Very Own Gold In An Ira
Not only is it possible to have gold in an Individual Retirement Account that has tax-deferred revenues but you can hold a number of various other kinds of rare-earth elements. These metals consist of silver, platinum, as well as palladium. Rolling Your Ira Into Gold
What Are The Details Of A Gold Individual Retirement Account Rollover
In a gold Individual Retirement Account, you will have a custodian that holds the assets for you. The gold that remains in your portfolio will be held at an IRS approved vault. Any type of earnings that Scout creates will have every one of the tax-deferred up until you withdraw.
Just How To Market Gold That Is In Your Individual retirement account
Typically the process to sell the assets that you are holding in your gold IRA is rather straightforward. The majority of the time all you will certainly need to do is call your brokerage and also ask for the certain needs to market your gold. If you have actually fulfilled the demands after that all you will need to do is inquire to go ahead and liquidate your properties. If there are demands you still require to fulfill you should complete those first, nevertheless.


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David Archuleta was spotted while he attended the 2010 "Stand Up to Cancer Benefit."
Celebrity Couples, Royal Family News, Celebrity News, Hollywood Stars, Music Celebrities.
David Archuleta was spotted while he attended the 2010 "Stand Up to Cancer Benefit."
Eva Longoria was spotted while doing charitable endeavors at the Home Depot Center on July 17.
David Cook, who was the "American Idol" winner, speaks about "American Idol" benefit concert on April 21.
David Archuleta, who hit the headlines with his recent ALMA performance, is believed to perform in a benefit concert with Katy Perry.
A dapper Robert Pattinson arrives at the amfAR Cinema Against AIDS 2009 benefit held at the Hotel du Cap during the 2009 Cannes Film Festival in Antibes, France on Thursday afternoon (May 21).
Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie are eligible for around $2,500 in child benefits.

subset: commoncrawl


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During the current COVID-19/Coronavirus pandemic, business owners, employees, and their families are being forced to make difficult decisions when it comes to staffing and benefits. If an organization comes to the decision that layoffs are needed, there are important resources and information to keep in mind for impacted employees and their families.
First, employees will be offered the ability to continue their existing benefits package through COBRA. Through COBRA, the cost of the entire premium shifts to the individual and their family for any tier plan (subscriber, subscriber & spouse, family, etc.) that the employee had in place. The total amount owed by the COBRA eligible subscriber will be 102% of the total monthly premium. A benefit of electing COBRA is that it's a continuation of the exact plan that the employee had in place during employment. This can especially be beneficial if the employee has reached their deductible or out-of-pocket maximum, or is close to reaching either amount. One negative impact of electing COBRA is the cost. The upfront monthly premium can be prohibitive to many Americans, especially those living paycheck to paycheck. Although COBRA is an option for all individuals who experience layoffs, it may be the best solution for only a small amount of these affected individuals.
A second option for individuals that experience a layoff is to sign up for health insurance through the individual marketplace on the NY State of Health. Due to the loss of employer-sponsored coverage, individuals that experience a layoff will become eligible for this enrollment. Those affected may also be eligible for a monthly tax credit that can reduce their monthly premium significantly. This is based on factors such as estimated adjusted gross income for 2020, the size of their family, and the county of their residence. The loss of employment may also allow an individual and their family to be eligible for subsidized programs such as Medicaid, Child Health Plus, and the Essential Health Plan. Medicaid and Child Health Plus provide full coverage for all medical and dental services. The Essential Health Plan allows an individual to access a plan with no deductible and low co-payments for $20 per month. These plans are available through the major health insurance carriers in your area of residence.
Finally, if an individual is laid off and their spouse is still offered coverage, this qualifying event would provide the couple/family the opportunity to join that employer's coverage.
Here at Bond, we know that these uncertain times can cause stress and uneasiness for yourself, your family, and your entire network of friends and loved ones. Please know that Bond Benefits Individual Marketplace Account Team can provide you with a resource to provide answers to the important question of "what do I do now if I lose my job?"
Please stay safe and healthy during this time and do not hesitate to reach out with any questions or concerns.
Mark Shannon
email@example.com 248-5870 ext. 157


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Return to School Information
We're one week into the new school year, and Arlington ISD is in full swing with academics, athletics, fine arts and specialized programs to meet the needs and interests of every student. Are you ready for your child to jump into the school year but haven't been able to get them registered yet? Don't worry.…Read More about Arlington ISD's Operation Registration Launches Today.
40 workshops with district departments The Arlington ISD's parent and community engagement (PACE) department is peeling back the curtain to the district for everyone starting on Feb. 1. On Feb. 1-4 and Feb. 8-11, the department hosts the Family Support Huddles, a program that will put district families face-to-face virtually for meetings with departments from…Read More about Family Support Huddles launch Feb. 1.
Students learn Spanish, Mandarin, piano, dance and more Avery B. isn't your typical fifth grader. Well, she isn't typical unless your child is a student at Corey Academy of Fine Arts and Dual Language or Jones Academy of Fine Arts and Dual Language. If that's the case, then the Corey fifth grader is a lot…Read More about Corey and Jones academies immerse students in arts and language.
'There is so much money out there' for students College is just around the corner for many high school seniors, and it's really not too far off for juniors either. Arlington ISD and the Greater Arlington Chamber of Commerce want to make sure these students are ready and can get as many scholarships as possible.…Read More about Arlington ISD and Chamber of Commerce host scholarship websites.
CVPA is final 2014 Bond project The Arlington ISD's new Center for Visual and Performing Arts welcomed students for the first time last week. "It has been a long time coming, but the day is finally here," said Dr. Christopher Anderson, Arlington ISD director of fine arts. "Students entered the facility, wide-eyed and speechless, for…Read More about New Center for Visual and Performing Arts opens for students.
If you've noticed some interesting fashion choices throughout the Arlington ISD this week, it's okay. That's because the district, like many across the United States, is celebrating Red Ribbon Week. The week is designed to build awareness for heathy, drug free youth. The national theme for 2020 is Be Happy. Be Brave. Be Drug Free.…Read More about Red Ribbon Week Underway in Arlington ISD.
GM donation will help keep students and staff safe GM Financial donated 50,000 masks to the Arlington ISD that will be distributed throughout the district. "As a Fort Worth-based company with a large operation in Arlington and nearly 5,000 employees in the Metroplex, GM Financial has a long-standing commitment to supporting the health and welfare…Read More about GM Financial donates 50,000 masks to Arlington ISD.
Free Dental Services, Food distribution Oct. 24 Thanks to our wonderful community partners, we have two great resources to announce: free dental services for students each Friday and free food distribution for families this Saturday. Free dental services Dental Health Arlington SMILES program is unable to go into schools this year because of Covid-19, but…Read More about Community Resources Available.
Swim coaches share their excitement as new Natatorium Opens in Arlington The coaches might be more excited than the student athletes. The Arlington ISD's first-ever district pool, housed in the new Arlington ISD Athletics Center, finally opened last week for student swimmers – and their coaches. Now, the huge state-of-the-art pool is filled daily with…Read More about New Arlington ISD natatorium open.
Free academies focus on language, fine arts, leadership and STEM Don't wait to fill out your child's application for one of the outstanding Arlington ISD elementary specialized programs as the application window for the 2021-22 school year closes this Friday, Oct. 16, at 5 p.m. This is your opportunity for your child to have a…Read More about Elementary specialized program applications due Friday, Oct. 16.


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There is alot of users that say HMB didnt work for them. Supplements impact each person differently. I speak from my experience and I will say HMB seems to help me get more muscular overtime. The gaines I have experienced is anywhere from 2-5 lbs over a period of 2 or more months, when on HMB the gains seem to come just a little easier and my recovery seemed better as well as I dont get as sore fr...
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In last article, we had a look at some methods provided by .NET to read the configuration settings. In this article, let's try to get started on the options pattern, a pattern for reading configuration settings.
Most of those methods, mentioned in the previous blog post, are pretty
low level methods, which provides the settings in very basic form, key-value pair collection.
There is the Bind method, which can be used to load the settings into an object, the method would try to find the properties from the C# object which match with configuration setting's name to fill the object.
Instead of just having a basic key-value pair collection, it is always wiser to have a set of related settings, bundled together in a strongly typed object.
Strong typing will always ensure that the configuration settings have intended data types.
Keeping related settings together will make sure that the code satisfy two criteria important for any design Encapsulation and Separation of concerns.
It seems that the Bind method solves the separation of concerns issue by having interrelated settings together in one object. But let's say you want to validate the configuration settings, then what are options for you ?
Or if you want to read configurations at one place and also want to make sure that the objects are updated after configuration is changed when application is running, then what are the choices ?
There the Options pattern comes to the rescue.
Options Pattern
Options pattern is the recommended pattern and it helps to satisfy the two software engineering principals discussed before Encapsulation and Separation of concerns.
What is it?
Options pattern suggests two things:
- there should be a class, Options class, which is not abstract with public parameter-less constructor
- which has public read-write properties
The interface, that can be used for options pattern, IOptions<T> , which needs a type parameter, which should satisfy the Option pattern conditions stated above
Using Bind
Below are the high level steps for implementing Options pattern:
- Create a type (or set of types) which can hold the set of related settings. The class should have public read-write properties from the configurations.
- Then use ConfigurationBinder.Bind to bind the object to configuration section as shown in the below code.
- The object can then be registered in the dependency injection container so that it can be injected into any service.
In this approach, the object is populated as soon as we call the Bind method.
Using Get
The options pattern implemented above using ConfigurationBinder.Bind needs the object already created to populate the object. There is another method ConfigurationBinder.Get<T> , which does not need already created object. It will create the object, populate it and return the object, as shown in below code.
In this approach, the object is populated as soon as we call the Get method.
Configure Dependency Injection
Instead of using
Get or
Bind methods, we can just use
GetSection to get the IConfiguration instance for the subsection from the configuration. And then use Configure method to register the service and convert the IConfiguration into strongly typed object, as shown in below code.
If you use Configure method to register the dependency, and then if you try to inject the class
MailFeature directly in any other service, then you would get an exception as shown below.
You always need to use one of three options interfaces viz.,
IOptionsMonitor. Below code uses
Three Interfaces !
There are total three interfaces, which can be used for implementing Options pattern.
We already have seen how to use IOptions interface. The remaining two interfaces can also be consumed in the similar manner.
Then the obvious question may be, why three interfaces ? Let's have a look at how they are different from one another.
This interface is discussed earlier in the post. The type parameter should be class.
This is registered as a Singleton service in the dependency injection container, and hence can be injected in any service lifetime.
The type parameter does not need to be registered in DI container, you can just register
IOptions. The evaluation of type parameter T happens when the property IOptions<TOptions>.Value is accessed.
This interface does not support reloading of configurations after app has started. It also does not support the Named options.
This can be used similar to
IOptions<T> code examples shown above. There are some differences though.
This interface is registered as Scoped and hence it can be injected in Scoped or Transient services, but it cannot be used with Singleton services lifetime.
It is useful to use this interface when the options need to be recomputed on every single injection. It supports the Named options.
This also can be used similar to the code example shown in above section. This interface is registered as Singleton and hence it can be injected in any service lifetime.
This class supports reloading the changed configurations after app has started. It also supports change notifications. It supports the Named options.
In next article, I will try to focus on IOptionsMonitor and how to use it in the application to reload the configurations.
Have you used these interfaces already in some applications? How was your experience? Let me know your thoughts.


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St Matthews' Church War Memorial
Period: 1921-07-28
NGR Easting: 238104
NGR Northing: 475305
Description: Left hand panel reads: "To the Glory / of God and / in memory of"
[41 names listed];
First World War.
On the right hand panel beneath the list of names, are inscribed the last two lines of J.M. Neale's translation of the Latin hymn "Dies Irae," which reads as follows: "Lord all pitying Jesu blest / Grant them thine eternal rest."
[37 names listed];
First World War.
Names are listed in art nouveau style lettering by Archibald Knox, on two plaques of red sandstone and Manx rough stone. Each plaque is mounted either side of a crucifix which is made out of white sandstone. The sculptor of the crucifix was Harry Emms of Exeter.
The memorial was unveiled on 28th July 1921 by Lieutenant Governor Major General Sir W. Fry. It was dedicated by Reverend H.S. Taggart on 28th July 1921. The memorial was sponsored by private donation from the congregation of St Matthew's Church. The memorial was built by Thos Quayle, a stonemason of Douglas. Memorial designed by Archibald Knox.
In 1994, the memorial was renovated in granite, due to the excessive weathering of the original sandstone. Fuding for the refurbishment was partly provided by the Douglas Development Partnership, as part of the Douglas 2000 initiative. The new memorial was designed by the architect Ashley Pettit and the work completed by David Gregg of Gregg memorials.
Information provided by the Isle of Man Government Preservation of War Memorials Committee.
Image courtesy of Chris Blyth, Isle of Man Photographic Society.
Courtesy of Man xNational Heritage via the link at imuseum.im.


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Chalet Bel Air
卧室 2
Description of the holiday rental
"Bel Air", 3-room apartment 75 m2 on 2 levels. Object suitable for 2 adults + 2 children. Practical and cosy furnishings: living/dining room with TV. Exit to the balcony. Kitchenette (3 hot plates, oven, toaster, kettle, microwave, electric coffee machine, raclette grill, fondue Set (cheese)). Sep. WC. Upper floor: 1 room with 2 beds (90 cm, length 200 cm). 1 children's room with 1 x 2 bunk beds (90 cm, length 200 cm). Bath/WC. Carpet. Balcony 5 m2. Balcony furniture, deck chairs (2). Marvellous view of the mountains, the ski run, the countryside and the resort. Facilities: baby cot for up to 2 year olds. Internet (WiFi). Garage space n 6. Please note: non-smokers only. Maximum 1 pet/ dog allowed. Apartment house "Chalet Bel Air". Above Les Diablerets, in a sunny position on a slope. 4x4 car recommended in winter. Single garage space n 6. Supermarket 600 m, restaurant 500 m, railway station "Les Diablerets" 600 m, outdoor swimming pool 700 m. Tennis 700 m, walking paths from the house 1 m, ski lift 800 m, ski rental 500 m, ice field 700 m. Nearby attractions: Glacier 3000 - Peak Walk 4.3 km, Aigle 20 km, Gstaad 21 km. Well-known ski regions can easily be reached: Les Diablerets, Glacier 3000, Leysin. Please note: car recommended.
- Cable TV / Sat. TV
- Parking space
- WiFi
1865 Les Diablerets


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Every time we've driven to Seward I've seen the Carter Lake Trailhead sign and said, "I want to hike that trail." It was only a few hundred yards up the road from the Johnson Pass Trailhead, so after we were done biking I talked to family into hiking. We already had our hydration packs full of water and snacks and a pack full of extra clothes, so it was a simple matter of ditching the helmets and adding bug spray and hats.
In the picture with snow we are probably at about 1 1/2 miles, just where it was leveling out. Douglas and I had just worn tennis shoes (dumb!) so our feet were soaked and we were not prepared to hike through snow. Up there, just 1000 feet higher than the road, the pushki was just coming out of the ground, whereas down at the bottom the pushki was at least 2 feet high already. It struck me, as it often does, how you can walk from one climate to another, and we did so many times throughout the week.
This trail can actually be a point to point hike from Carter Lake, along Crescent Lake and then descending to the Crescent Creek Trailhead over in Cooper Landing, though it is a rough trail and "not recommended for children, horse or bike" due to the rough trail and tall grasses. Of course I want to try it someday!
Like the Johnson Pass bike ride we'd just done, I was disappointed to turn back without reaching our goal (Carter Lake), but we simply were not prepared for it. And while we'd only biked 7.5 miles, we were still tired from that. So at the top of the rise pictured here we stopped, had a snack, let Aurora run ahead a little ways to see what she could see, and then headed down. Gee, down is so much easier! The kids actually exclaimed on the way (Note: ours are not 'exclaiming' type kids!) that "This is fun!" about the trail. It kind of reminded me of an obstacle course, as we were crossing logs over streams, leaping the streams, picking our way around bogs or snow or whatever. It kept it interesting, and obviously the kids were enjoying themselves. Partly it was an easy enough hike that they could actually breathe, which I can't say about the other hikes we did during this vacation!
I don't usually take pictures of the trailhead signs, but on a whim decided to for this trail. If you like it, comment and let me know and I will do so more often.


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Lifemaxx Speed Rope Pro
- Colour: Black
- Length: Adjustable
- High Speed stainless steel bearings
- Comes with two coated steel cables (black and red) and a handy bag
Out of stock
Lifemaxx Speed Rope Pro
The Lifemaxx Speed Rope Pro is a nice speed rope that is ideal for CrossFit workouts, double unders, boxing and other Functional Training. The speed rope comes with two coated, lightweight cables and a bag.
The high quality speed rope features speed bearings for a smooth, fast spin and is very easy to adjust with the pleasant aluminium handles. Suitable for commercial use.
Out of stock
Lifemaxx Speed Rope Pro
The York Barbell Hercules Cast Iron Kettlebell are a USA best seller. Now available in the UK these commercial grade cast iron kettlebells deliver on performance and value.
The range features a uniquely positioned handle for a smooth, ergonomic swing.
Finished in rugged mat black cast iron these durable dumbbells have a solid base to ensure stable placement on the ground.
If you want your home gym to have the equipment you need to create the most intense workouts then the Perfect Gym Solutions Home WOD Package is just the thing for you.
This package isn't just a random collection of equipment but provides what you need to cover all the basic lifts plus a huge amount of conditioning exercises.
The home WOD Package is also great for PT Studio's, Small Gyms and Sports Teams.
Compact Sled with Harness is a compact yet extremely robust sled that is designed to be pulled. The sled can be made heavier by loading 50 mm plates or discs on the sleeve. This strong, matt black, powder-coated frame that weighs 15 kg is suitable for intensive commercial use.


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Dymo 11355 compatible labels, 19 x 51 mm, 500 labels, permanent
*Note: this label contains two separate parts. ( 19 x 51 mm and 9 x 51 mm )
Our Dymo 11355 compatible …
Our Dymo 11355 compatible labels are quality labels compatible with your Dymo LabelWriter Series Printer. The 11355 are packaged light tightly per roll, so they have an almost unlimited shelf life. These labels are made of white thermal material and have an excellent permanent adhesive.
The 11355 is often used by retailers for labeling objects. Because the label exists two pieces it can be used properly for the product designation and the barcode in separate places on the product.
The labels are discolored by the heat of the Dymo printers, so there is no ink or toner needed.
All labels are thoroughly tested for quality and durability. You are always assured of the highest functionality.
Look for other sizes at the 11353 of de S0929120.
Possible uses:
Please note: not compatible with the Dymo LW 550 series


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The April Maze are indie duo Todd Mayhew and Sivan Agam. The pair formed 7 years ago in Melbourne and leapt into the spotlight in 2012 when their second album, 'Two', a collection of stripped back covers went global, gaining 70,000 plays in the first week of release and featuring in the top 100 favourite new releases on Spotify, alongside Lana Del Ray & Birdy.
Having conquered Britain with rave reviews, national airplay and sell out shows, the duo have secured London-based management, and are now taking their music to the next level, as they prepare to release their third studio album 'Sleeping Storm' later this year.
With their beautiful harmonies and roots firmly planted in folk music, 'Sleeping Storm' has more of prog-rock feel than 'Two'. Chelloist Sivan's soulful folk vocals have been likened to Cass Elliott, whilst Todd's impassioned vocals and spirited banjo and guitar playing, gives their music a sound reminiscent of the streets of 70s San Francisco.
'Sleeping Storm' was produced by Tim Carr, who has worked with Matt Corby, Gurrumul, Mark Ronson, JayZ, and Flea, at 301 Studios Sydney, and was crowd-funded by dedicated fans of the duo.
'Sleeping Storm' by The April Maze is due to be released on 4th May.
For more information about The April Maze and details of how to purchase 'Sleeping Storm' visit their Official Website.
Exclusive interview with The April Maze coming soon to Essentially Pop.
Watch new single 'I've Seen The Rain' taken from the album 'Sleeping Storm' here:


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Disclaimer and User Agreement
This software is intended for the servicing of mobile phones and may be considered illegal in some countries. Its main purpose is to improve your Phone's performance and increase its value. However, due to differences in copyright laws, you must consult local legislation to determine the limitations imposed by your state before using. This will help you avoid any violations of law.
Please note that according to the digital Millennium copyright act it is illegal for US residents to unlock their phones purchased after January 26 2013 without permission from their service providers. This software is updated on a regular basis. Some features may be considered illegal in some countries. We reserve the right to modify or withdraw, temporarily or permanently, the Whole or any part of this software with or without notice.
By accepting this agreement the user confirms that the supplier shall not be liable for any modification to or withdrawal of this software, discovery of product features unintended for this software by the developer. Please be aware that the seller does not take responsibility for changing the region of product usage. The users are fully responsible for all claims, liability, damages, losses, costs and expense (including legal fees) related to software use by you or any other person using your computer.
Even the legal use of this product, if it violates the rights of third parties, is Prohibited. The User takes All actions at his own risk. We are not responsible for the misuse of this product or violation of terms and conditions of legal agreements or local Legislation.
IMEI Disclaimer and User Agreement
In certain countries operations with IMEI are prohibited by law. If operations with phone IMEI are illegal in your country you may not use this functionality. By Accepting this document you agree to use this functionality lawfully and in full compliance with local laws. You agree not to use this function for any illegal activity.
You Agree that user is solely responsible for unlawful use of this function and for the consequences of such use. The supplier CAN NOT be held liable for any violations of law you undertake using this product and for any damages arising from your use of this product.
By installing or otherwise using this this "SOFTWARE", You agree to the terms of this User Agreement.
This User Agreement ("Contract offer") is a legal agreement between you and Miracle Team with regard to the software (henceforth referred to as "SOFTWARE PRODUCT" or "SOFTWARE" provided with this Use Agreement ("Contract offer").
This User Agreement is conditional upon, and can be accepted only upon, the terms and conditions specified in this User Agreement.
If User has previously proposed or subsequently proposes any terms that add to, vary from, or conflict with the terms of this User Agreement, Miracle Team hereby objects to and rejects such terms.
This User Agreement and these Terms contain the entire understanding and agreement of the parties with respect to its subject matter and also the terms used in this User agreement are interpreted by the parties equally.
The SOFTWARE PRODUCT includes software, any "online" or electronic documentation.
Use of any software and related documentation ("SOFTWARE") provided to you by Miracle Team in whatever form, will constitute your acceptance of these terms.
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The Spurs didn't have as bad a week as their 2-2 record might indicate. Considering they played against the Clippers, Thunder, Pelicans and Rockets and were without Tony Parker for two games and Kawhi Leonard for all four, it's even possible to call the stretch a success. San Antonio is in survival mode until the year ends, the schedule gets easier and the players out with injury return. There's even good news on that front, as Pop provided this update on Parker:
We'll just see how his body works through that. But it's not going to be a very long time. These four days were important for him.
Patty Mills made his season debut, bringing the Spurs closer to having all of their players available. Mills didn't look quite right -- which is completely understandable considering how long he's been out. But he still offers the team a way to navigate the Parker-less stretch without forcing Cory Joseph to play too many minutes and Manu Ginobili to fill an oversized role. When Tony returns, Pop will have exactly the type of problem every coach loves to have: finding minutes for everyone that deserves them. The only cloud still looming over the Spurs is Kawhi Leonard's health.
Even with the uncertainty surrounding the condition of Leonard's hand, the light at the end of the tunnel is finally starting to look closer. Only three of the next ten games are against sub .500 teams but the Spurs will get two days off three times in that span, which should help the older players remain fresh and allow Leonard some more time to heal without missing too many games. The worst part of the season might be in the rear view mirror.
Of course our regular batch of experts might disagree with that optimistic outlook. There's only one way to find out.
Marc Stein from ESPN (Spurs rank: 9. Last week's rank: 10)
The Spurs' lives aren't supposed to get complicated until the Rodeo Trip every February. Instead they're 7-9 in December with two games to go in a month containing no less than seven back-to-backs. The champs are 12-4 when Timmy, Tony, Manu and Kawhi all play; 7-9 when at least one is missing.
Mark J. Spears of Yahoo Sports (Spurs rank: 11. Last week's rank: 10)
The injury-plagued Spurs got a much-needed boost with the return of guard Patty Mills. Spurs players have totaled 94 missed games this season because of injuries.
USA Today (Spurs rank: 12. Last week's rank: 10)
New Year resolution: Convince Tim Duncan to come back. He still is the best player on the team. Why not play a few more years?
John Schuhmann from NBA.com (Spurs rank: 9. Last week's rank: 12)
Though the travel hasn't been too terrible, the Spurs are in the middle of their fourth five-games-in-seven-nights stretch over the last month. So they're happy to have Patty Mills back, happy to have picked up a couple of offensive wins against the Clippers and Rockets last week, and happy to be playing just two games in the first eight days of January.
Matt Moore from CBSSports (Spurs rank: 13. Last week's rank: 14)
Even though I would maintain it was temporary, I had my shovel ready to bury the Spurs. Had the plot picked out, the gravestone engraved, a strong eulogy with a Kipling quote picked out. Then, after losing to the Pelicans and Thunder in a matter of days, they beat the Rockets. Spurs, man. Spurs.


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Sorry you missed this deal. You'll love the current Hot Deals.
Today get 50% off cardigans with FREE SHIPPING when you use the code CARDIGIFT at Cents of Style. Choose from 2 styles: Joan ($19.95) and Kaylee ($24.98). They're an easy wardrobe piece to pair with anything, and they add comfort and style to whatever you're wearing. Joan is a mid-hip length, feminine take on a boyfriend cardigan available in sizes S-3X. Kaylee has some added length for those times you want to change it up a little without giving up your comfort.
In order to properly add the coupon code you will need to add your item to the cart and then checkout. After you click to checkout there will be an order summary on the right side of the page. Just under the item you are ordering it says "Have a discount code? Click here to enter it." After you enter the coupon code and click apply you should see the price adjust to the deal price. Remember to select the Free Standard Shipping (7-10 days).
This deal is only available thru Thursday, Dec. 7 (or while supplies last). This post contains affiliate links, please visit my Disclosure Policy.


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Where does the idea for an ebook come from? Some technology dreams are much older than we think. This cool late 16th century dos-à-dos book is really special as it contains six books. Erik Kwakkel writes:
These are very special objects consisting of usually two books, which were bound together at their, well, backs. When you were done with the one book, you would flip the object and read the other. The dos-à-dos book you see here is even more special. Not only is it a rather old one (it was bound in the late 16th century), but it contains not two but six books, all neatly hidden inside a single binding (see this motionless pic to admire it). They are all devotional texts printed in Germany during the 1550s and 1570s (including Martin Luther, Der kleine Catechismus) and each one is closed with its own tiny clasp. While it may have been difficult to keep track of a particular text's location, a book you can open in six different ways is quite the display of craftsmanship.
The book is in the Swedish Royal Library which has a very nice Flickr set demonstrating the book (and many others).
Six books in one. Not only six books one after another but six different books. Very cool. Sure, it's still bigger and bulkier than my ebook reader but this is a bibliophile hipster's dream.


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SignalGeneriX's Lynceus2Market project implements the mid-scale demonstration
The LYNCEUS2MARKET Mid-scale Demonstration was successfully held in MS Thomson Spirit in the port of Piraeus from 17 to 19 January, 2017.
Thanks to Celestyal Cruises and Thomson Spirit's staff, the Lynceus2Market technical-oriented consortium members' committed teams and the Project's Technical Manager Dr. Antonis Kalis, who managed to efficiently coordinate the technical efforts, the results were more than satisfactory.
More information about the mid-scale demonstration can be found here.
For more information you can visit the project's dedicated website: http://www.lynceus-project.eu/


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A Stuart native was honored as a 2016 Dolores Batenhorst Keating memorial scholarship recipient.
Makala Michka is studying pre-dentistry at Chadron State College in Chadron, Nebraska and plans to graduate in 2018. Makala's goal after she graduates is to pass the Dental Admissions Test and pursue Dentistry at University of Nebraska Medical Center.
Michka said, "I have chosen my field of study because I enjoy working with people and having the opportunity to help them improve their lives."
West Holt Medical Services Foundation began managing a memorial fund in 2010 established in the memory of Dolores Batenhorst Keating, one of Atkinson's most caring residents.
Dolores was born in Stuart, graduated from Stuart High School and lived her entire adult life in Atkinson. She worked for over 25 years as a Registered Nurse at West Holt Memorial Hospital. Dolores was married to John Keating for 56 years. They had eight children, Mary Rose Schaaf, Maureen Tsuchiya, Phillip Keating, Mark Keating, Patrick Keating, James Keating, Matthew Keating and Gerard Keating. Dolores Keating was a strong supporter of local, high-quality medical care, and her family is honoring her memory by providing local students, pursuing a medical degree, with a scholarship.
Each year scholarships of $1,000 each are awarded to graduates from Holt County schools who are residents in Holt County pursuing a degree in the medical field.
The next application deadline for the Dolores Batenhorst Keating Scholarship is December 15.


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Trust Quercus Barrel Flow Sticks
Barrel Flow Sticks
Barrel flow sticks offer a convenient method of introducing fine toasted oak to any neutral barrel by way of the bung hole. No assembly required. Each flow stick pack contains 45 toasted oak segments tied together in a food grade nylon sleeve with an eyelet on the end that screws into the bottom of any bung.
Available in French, Hungarian & American Oak
SKU: 20 Categories: All products, Barrels and Oak Alternatives, Winemaking


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Co. Monaghan → Farney → Donaghmoyne Civil Parish → Broomfield Electoral Division → Coolskeagh
Coolskeagh is in the Electoral Division of Broomfield, in Civil Parish of Donaghmoyne, in the Barony of Farney, in the County of Monaghan
The Irish name for Coolskeagh is Cúil na Sceitheach
Coolskeagh is on Logainm.ie: Coolskeagh.
It is located at 54° 5' 7" N, 6° 41' 25" W.
Coolskeagh has an area of:
Nationwide, it is the 45161st largest townland that we know about
Within Co. Monaghan, it is the 1104th largest townland
Coolskeagh borders the following other townlands:
We don't know about any subtownlands in Coolskeagh.
Curious to see who lived in Coolskeagh in the past? Maybe even seeing scans of their handwritten census returns?
Coolskeagh was added to OpenStreetMap on 16 Nov 2015 by Stephen_Co_Antrim.


text: Events & Tickets Concert Hall and Music School in Miami Events & Tickets Concerts Alfresco Earth Day Dinner Featuring Sustainable Supperclub Friends of NWS Alfresco Earth Day Dinner Featuring Sustainable Supperclub Thursday, April 22, 2021 at 7:00 PM ET In-person at Verde restaurant at Pérez Art Museum Miami Sponsored by: About Tickets Menu Artists Friends of NWS presents an Alfresco Earth Day Dinner featuring Sustainable SupperclubHosted by: Jennifer Weinberg and Mayela LanzaCost: $110 per person Verde at Pérez Art Museum MiamiThree-course sustainable dinnerWine pairingLive performance by NWS Harp Fellow Phoebe Powell Only outdoor seating available for this event. Maximum 6 guests per table*Due to Covid, extra safety measures are in place. Please book your entire table under one reservation, as this event is not open seating and communal tables are not available. Ticket sales close Wednesday, April 21 at 12:00 PM ET. A portion of the proceeds will benefit Friends of New World Symphony and FoodEASE. MENU Mezze Samplerhouse-made hummus, roasted cauliflower, tzatziki, tomato-mint salad, green tahini vinaigrette, za'atar flatbreadSmashed Pea Toastchèvre, grape tomatoes, arugula, lemon vinaigretteSecond CourseChoice of:Roasted CauliflowerCaper vinaigrette, golden raisins and pistachiosOrPan Seared Snapper Coconut jasmine rice, kumquat sambal, lemon oil DessertTangerine Creamsicle Bread Puddingwith blackberry- tarragon sauce and creme fraiche Menu subject to change. We are unable to accommodate any substitutions.


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SCOOP & SPOON is the systems, skills, infrastructure, departments and teams, the tools and buildings, the processes and project management, the history, know-how, expertise, competencies and its people people. It is all the elements, all the resources, all the tools at the teams' disposal. When SCOOP & SPOON enmeshes the different strands of its collective talent pool, in varying amounts, in varying ways, they can answer any question, overcome any challenge, realise any vision.
SCOOP & SPOON are alchemists, weaving creations of modern magic.
LOVE is the breeze that fans the flames of SCOOP & SPOONs inspiration, and enables the team to create work not because they have to, but because they want to – is the thing that they put into everything they do. It is the courage to challenge themselves and each other, to do the 'extra' that transforms their work and themselves from ordinary to extraordinary.
Creativity & Concentration
The intentions of SCOOP & SPOON are creative. The teams' disposition is concentration. When these two qualities are combined, their goals – no matter how ambitious, challenging or complex – become achievable. The pain one fears is a signpost to success. When we confront our pain, when people do the things that are hard by concentrating upon the end goal and keeping their values in mind, success can be the only outcome. Here, at the edge of our comfort zones, is where SCOOP & SPOON grows and flourishes.
SCOOP & SPOON is driven by
passion first, profit later – listens first, acts second.
The team creates a space of empathy and inspiration where excellent work can be done and generates a culture that is felt by everyone in the organisation and outside it.
This culture, this attitude, the harmonious respect they have for each other, for their clients, for their work and for their systems, is the brand of SCOOP & SPOON.
Liebenauer Tangente 6
8041 Graz


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[Ed. note?Photo removed at the request of the subject.]
Curbed roving photographer Will Femia bumped into Nick Bunning at last weekend's NYC Tattoo Convention (The Femster gets around, eh?). Nick reckons he's the most tattooed architect in New York, and we're not about to disagree with the man. He said he once got derided on Curbed for the gut-renovation of his Harlem brownstone, but looking back it doesn't seem so bad. And besides, we were just the messenger! Oh God, please don't come looking for us. Nick, you can handle our T-square any day!
· 'Resurrection of a Harlem Brownstone' [Curbed]


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Lagos farmers see buzzing market as BATNF backed farm fair opens
October 16, 2018895 views0 comments
Farming communities across Lagos were on Tuesday excited by a buzzing market created by the British American Tobacco Nigeria Foundation (BATNF) sponsored Lagos Farm Fair at the state capital, Ikeja.
The fair, held annually to commemorate the World Food Day, was an avenue for farmers to display and sell the beauty of Lagos vast water body from giant fishes, to prawns and even crocodile. Various land farm animals including well-fed cows, pigs, chickens, rabbits as well as processed food items such as cassava meal, plantain meal were on display.
Akinwunmi Ambode, the statte governor, speaking to the theme "Our Actions are Our Future: Zero Hunger World by 2030 is Possible", at the official opening of the fair said the state was working at ensuring food security for its 20 million population size, noting that collaborations to enhance productivity in agriculture value chain were being expanded with others states.
Ambode who was represented by Tunji Bello, the secretary to the state government said the greatest challenge to the global objectives on food security is climate change, which has continued to manifest in the form of high heat intensity and flood experienced around the country but can be mitigated through the development of new farming strategies.
Abimbola Okoya, executive director at BATNF in her welcome speech said business opportunities exist for smallholder farmers to raise their incomes by upscaling from subsistence to commercial agriculture.
Acknowledging the challenges constraining their ability to migrate, however, she said the Foundation, in partnership with Lagos state and Stanbic IBTC, supported the fair to create a market linkage for smallholder farmers.
"Small-scale farmers have low volumes of marketable surplus and their farms are mostly located in remote areas with poorly developed infrastructure and transportation, leading them to face high transaction cost and risks in production and marketing of such commodities. It is expected that the Fair will provide a platform to expose farmers to opportunities in the city without the financial burden or risks involved. It will help the public access fresh and organic farm produce, and encourage farmers to switch from low quality bulk produce to high value agricultural produce," she said.


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Brooks Wedding Dress - Laure de Sagazan
£1,769.08 £2,491.67 -29%
The Brooks wedding dress by Laure de Sagazan is a timeless bridal gown. It is a silk crêpe dress with guipure inserts on the front and back. A...
From effortless boho to refined glamour, find your style among our selection of wedding dresses, skirts and tops.
Exclusive new collection pieces and discounted samples from the most iconic French designers:
Rime Arodaky, Laure de Sagazan, Victoire Vermeulen, Oksana Kokhan, Margaux Tardits, Maison Floret, Donatelle Godart, Marie Laporte, Manon Gontero & many more
We only have one item of each design in stock.


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Welcome to Fall
Now that it is fall and the days are getting shorter, the weather is cooling off, and the kids are jumping into the communal germ pool called school we will all be closer together as it becomes less pleasant to be in the great outdoors. However, we are not only associating with our friends and colleagues but the infectious critters they carry with them. Cold and flu season will be upon us. How can we protect ourselves and our families?
Here are common sense precautions we can take to keep ourselves and our family healthy:
- Eat nutritious meals
- Keep hydrated
- Make a reasonable schedule for yourself
- Get adequate rest
- Exercise
With our busy lives all of this is much easier said than done. Our best intentions are regularly derailed by the trials and tribulations of modern life. The effort, nevertheless, is worth the time taken.
It is sometimes easier to hit a fast food establishment then to cook after a long day. Remember, eating nutritious food is a building block of a healthy body and immune system.
An adequate intake of good clean water is necessary for optimal functioning of our metabolic processes. We lose fluid in so many ways and we never realize it is happening. Part of the reason we feel so miserable with a cold is that we lose a lot of bodily fluid just from blowing our nose. We become dehydrated and never think we need to drink more to replace what we lost.
When you schedule your day, account for transit time. Scotty does not beam you to your next appointment. Not scheduling transit time can make you late for your next location and thus anxious. It is a very big stressor and that affects your immune system.
Sleep is how you regenerate yourself. If you don't get enough your whole body suffers. This is especially true for children. They are growing and need a lot of sleep. In our society we have our children tightly scheduled not only with school but many extracurricular activities. Children under 8 should be in bed by 8 pm, children under 12 by 9. Adults should be getting 7-8 hours of restful sleep, if possible.
Exercise of some sort should be done daily. I am not talking about an hour in the gym with a cardio workout. It can be as easy as taking a walk after dinner. Modern work is notoriously sedentary. We all need to get up and move for better health.
I hope these suggestions generate some healthy "food for thought." It does involve a change in mind set. At first it may not be easy to do, but the rewards are worth it and great.


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Heartbreak, we've all been there a time or two. From the tears spent and the sleepless nights the emotions can take their toll. In her book Get Over Him Girl: The Moving on Manual, first-time author Lakelia DeLoach gives practical tips on dealing, healing, and moving on from the pain.
What inspired you to write the book?
My pain inspired me to write this book. After my divorce I searched everywhere for answers on how to move on. I read a few books, watched a few movies but I felt like they didn't apply to me. It sometimes felt like it was for more "seasoned" women or like I was listening to a therapist. I then created my own steps to help me through my divorce and when they worked so well friends asked for them. They all convinced me to write this book and share it with every other heart-broken woman. So I did, I created the best friend in a book.
With so many "break- up" books out there, what do you think makes yours unique?
What makes my break-up book so unique is the wording and the target audience. I don't want to be my readers' therapist or mom; I want to be their best friend. My book is like listening to your best friend. All women can read my book, but I felt like reaching out to the age group of 18-30 was important. A woman's biggest break-up or first divorce usually happens before the age of 30 and society just tells us "you're young, you can start over. It's no big deal". To me it is a big deal because reflecting on your past relationships and learning the mistakes you made can prevent a life long battle with future relationships. This book can help you start looking for Mr. Right, the right way. Lastly, society is known for saying how bitter black women are and how we don't know how to move on. We are known for fighting over men, and how angry we are. My book shows that we are not all like that. We do forgive, we are not all angry and we do know how to love and let go.
Was it difficult to write about your own heartbreak? Did you have any concerns about telling the story of your divorce?
Writing about my own heartbreak did not bother me, maybe because I was over him by the time I wrote this book. But to tell the world about my divorce, that's another story. I am usually a very private person. Only those close to me knew why I was divorced. Half of my friends and associates had no clue I was even divorced for a while. So now that I had to "put it all out there" it made me a bit uneasy. It made me feel vulnerable and I'm known as the one who is always strong. I'm opening up another side of me that many don't get to see.
This is your first book, what was the most challenging thing about getting it done?
The most challenging thing about getting my book done was researching self-publishing and marketing. Self-publishing is a lot of work. Writing the book is the easiest part, but getting it out there is another story. I literally read over 25 self-publishing books and over 100 articles. I could probably write a book on self-publishing now lol.
What advice would you give to new authors?
The advice I would give new authors is what I wish someone had given to me. If you have a book in your heart, write it. Don't wait. Time is going to pass anyway if you write it or not, so why not write it now. Also take your time. I know when you have a book finished you are so ready to publish it and get it out there. Give yourself time for possible setbacks and write a marketing plan.
What's next for you?
What is next for me? Only God knows. I'm actually working on my second non-fiction book and my first fiction book. I am also in the process of writing a play. But you never know, life has a funny way of showing us what we have planned is not always written in our story.
Find the Author:
Website: http://www.blackbyrdinc.com/
Purchase the Book:


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Citrus Fruits, VOCs, HS-SPME/GC-FID, Lemon, Lime, Mandarin, Orange
Share and Cite:
1. Introduction
Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family of Rutaceae and is considered among the most important horticultural industries in the world. Citrus fruit have the highest international trade value of all food [1]. The contribution of the citrus industry to the world economy is estimated at more than $10 billion USD annually [2]. The Australian citrus industry considers as one of the largest fresh fruit industries in Australia, and definitely the largest fresh fruit exporter with an annual average export volume of 170,000 tons and a value of $190 million AUD [3]. Citrus fruit are used not only for foods and drinks but also in perfumes, cosmetic, soaps, and many other aromatic products. They are widely grown in the world's tropical and subtropical regions and are native to parts of China, India, New Caledonia and northern Australia [4]. Taxonomic identification is confounding because there are many, but citrus can generally be classified into the following categories: sweet oranges (C. sinensis), mandarins (C. unshi), tangerines (C. tangerina, and reticulata), and (C. clementine)), sour/ bitter oranges (C. aurantium), lemons (C. lemon), limes (C. aurantifolia and latifolia), grapefruit (C. paradisi) and pummelos (C. grandis), hybrids (e.g., tangelos, tangors, and limequats), and citrons (C. medica, which have a rind that is used primarily for confectionary and is only commercially grown in limited areas). All of which are exported to various markets around the world [5].
Citrus species produce essential oils in their fruits which are used in soap, food, perfumes, repellents and others [6]. Citrus consumption depends closely on their aroma and flavour. Chemically, the aroma and flavour are given by the presence of volatile compounds that impress the olfactory receptors. Detailed analysis of the aroma components of citrus fruits is important for citrus industries to ensure the production of quality foods and free of pests and pathogens. Citrus have been considered as emitters of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in chamber studies under controlled environmental conditions [7]. These VOCs can be extracted by various techniques, such as microwave-assisted hydrodistillation extraction, solvents and recently, solid phase microextraction (SPME) which is used to profile and quantify these compounds. Headspacesolid phase microextraction (SPME) nowadays, is considered the method of choice for most of the volatile extraction in flavour chemistry/food [8] [9] and particularly in Citrus [10] [11]. There are many methods for obtaining citrus volatiles, such as citrus oil (essential oil) and these methods have been extensively reviewed [12] [13]. Unfortunately, the aroma of extracted oils rarely represents the delicate natural aroma of citrus, because of uncontrolled temperature during the steam distillation process [14]. Likewise, other extraction methods using ground samples and solvents also frequently fail to capture the natural aromas [15]. To identify VOCs produced by citrus or other fruit, it is necessary to develop easy to operate, repeatable, sensitive, rapid and cost-effective method. Until now, there are no studies about the use of headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique for the whole fruit of citrus species. The SPME method is excessively used for the analysis of volatile compounds. The HS-SPME technique is a new, simple, rapid, eco-friendly and solvent-free sample preparation technique for the extraction of volatile compounds [16] [17]. The HS-SPME technique gives simultaneously tens or hundreds of possible volatile compounds and also provides interesting results when gas chromatography (GC) is combined with either Flame Ionization Detector (FID) or mass spectrometric detection (MS), but it must be optimized for the volatiles being targeted [18] [19]. Many factors can affect the optimization of extraction conditions, such as the correct fibre and an appropriate chamber for capturing the VOCs, the temperature used during extraction and the extraction time from the headspace [20]. So far, there has been no systematic work on optimizing extraction conditions for whole fresh citrus fruit. Therefore, this study will determine the optimal conditions of sealing time, extraction time and chamber size for citrus fruit volatile isolation by the headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique with gas chromatography coupled with Flame Ionization Detector GC-FID.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents
An n-hexane 95% was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Australia, catalogue number 270504-2L. Ethanol was purchased from MERK (Germany) (high-per- formance liquid chromatography HPLC grade), and the n-Alkane standard (C7- C30) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Australia, catalogue number 49451-U.
2.2. Apparatus and Equipment
An Agilent Technologies gas chromatograph 7829A (serial number CN14272038) fitted with an HP-5MS column (30 m Î 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 μm, RESTEK, catalogue number 13423) non-polar, with a flame ionization detector (FID) was used. The SPME extractions were carried out in three-phase Divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane DVB/CAR/PDMS fibre, 50/30 μm (Sigma-Aldrich Australia, catalog number 57347-U), which was designed for analytes with a broad range of polarities (suitable for C2-C20 range) [21] [22] (Sigma-Aldrich Australia, catalog number 57347-U), attached to a manual SPME holder (Supelco Inc.). The fibres were conditioned as recommended by the manufacturer and the supplier specifications before analyses. A 500, 1000 and 2000 ml Pyrex (Silverlock Packaging; JG2701 FL, JG2879 FL and JG2901 FL respectively) glass jarwith a 5 mm port drilled into one side, into which septa (20633 Thermogreen® LB-2 Septa, plug) was placed and was used for collection of citrus fruits VOCs. Aluminum foil 150 m × 44 cm (Vital Packaging Company) was used to cover the glass jar opening and extract volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from fruits. Witt OXYBABY® 6.0 (WIT-Gasetechnik GmbH & Co KG T, Germany)was used for monitoring head space fruit concentration of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen from respiring fruits was by inserting the needle through jars septa.
2.3. Samples
Fresh samples of orange, lemon, lime and mandarin fruits were purchased from different vendors at local shopping centres. The orange, lemon and mandarin were weighed at approximately 150 g and the lime at approximately 100g. The fruit was checked and washed well with warm water to get rid of the wax, and then conditioned at room temperature (25˚C ± 1˚C) for 24 h before the experiment was conducted.
2.4. Gas Chromatogram Condition
The GC_FID run time was 45mins the oven column temperature ranged from 50˚C - 250˚C, programmed at 5˚C/min, with a final hold time of 5 min. Helium (He) was used as the carrier gas at 1.1 mL/min constant flow, and detector (FID) temperatures of 290˚C, injection port temperature 250˚C, and the GC-FID instrument was operated under the splitless mode.
2.5. Optimization of Solid-Phase Microextraction
For optimization of the HS-SPME, the variables chosen were sealing time, extraction time and different volumes of chambers for extraction, while the SPME fibre (DVB/CAR/PDMS), the fibre extraction temperature of 25˚C ± 1˚C, the weight of samples were kept constant. In order to optimize the sealing time, extraction times and chambers volumes all factors influencing the equilibrium between the analyses and the fibre were taken into consideration. Different sealing times, different extraction times and different extraction chambers volumes were used for the different species of fresh citrus fruit. The fibres were cleaned between each extraction by placing them into the GC injection port for 15 min at 250˚C to ensure the absence of carry-over peaks and contaminants in blanks and next injections to have good repeatability between the injections. All three fibres were calibrated using standard n-alkene C7-C30 after dilution in the ration of 1/10 ml in n-hexane, and then desorbed for one hour at room temperature and this procedure was repeated twice with three replications before analysis. The results presented as the mean values.
2.5.1. Optimization of Sealing Time
To determine the best sealing time; the citrus fruits species individually sealed in 1000 ml glass jars for (2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 h). The extraction efficiency of the six different sealing time was determined by comparing the peak area of the eight compounds from all citrus fruit species under the same extraction time, SPME fibre, desorption time, and GC conditions. The fibres were exposed to the HS of the glass jars for 2 hours. After exposure, the fibres were retrieved and injected into the heated injection port (250˚C) of a GC-FID and desorbed for 10 min. Each sample was replicated thrice.
2.5.2. Optimization of Extraction Time
Each fibre was exposed to the HS of the 1000 ml glass jar containing individual citrus fruit for 3 different time periods (1, 2 and 4 hours). After exposure, the fibre was retrieved and injected into the heated injection port (250˚C) of a GC-FID and desorbed for 10min. Each sample was replicated thrice.
2.5.3. Optimization of Chambers Volume
To determine the most efficient extraction method of the VOCs emitted by citrus fruits, a comparison was made between different volumes of glass jars (500, 1000 and 2000 ml). The results showed that 500 ml glass jar volume achieved higher efficiency for VOCs extraction from all citrus fruits samples, so the 500 ml jar was chosen because it was efficient for capturing the VOCs emitted. Individually, citrus fruits were placed into the glass jar and the opening covered with aluminum foil and incubated at 25˚C ± 1˚C for 8 h sealing time and 2 h extraction time. Each sample was conducted in triplicate.
2.6. Gas Composition inside the Glass Jars
An Oxybaby gas analyzer was used for monitoring headspace composition of the respiration of the citrus fruit during the sealing time in 500 ml glass jar. Three replicates were used to determine the gas composition.
2.7. Data Analysis
The GC data including retention time and peak area were collected and integrated into the chromatography software Agilent Chemstation, and then exported to Microsoft Excel for further analysis. The repeatability of replicates from the same sample was verified by checking the chromatogram pattern features such as detected peak retention times and peak areas.
3. Results
3.1. O2 and CO2 Headspace Concentration
As a result of fruit respiration, the contents of O2 decreased during the first two hours in varying proportions reaching 19.7% and 20.6% in orange fruit and lime, respectively. As for the lemon and mandarin fruit, oxygen consumption rate was same as control which is 20.2% (Figure 1(a)). After 20 hours sealing time, the oxygen level dropped down to 18.8% and 20% for oranges and lime respectively. Carbon dioxide had a lower accumulation in the first 2 hours of sealing time. In 4 hours of sealing time, level CO2 build up to 0.5% in lime and 1.1% in orange (Figure 1(b)). Carbon dioxide gas production continued to build up in all citrus fruit species and reached a level of 2.9%, 1.8%, 1.7% and 1.1% at 20 hours in orange, lemon, mandarin, and lime respectively.
3.2. Analysis of Volatiles Organic Compounds in Citrus Fruit Species with Different Sealing Time
Total peak areas from the different samples sealed for 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 hours are compared in Figure 2. The amount of volatile compounds was significantly different between those collected at different sealing times. This result showed that 20, 16, 8 and 16 hours sealing period achieved higher efficiency for VOCs
(a) (b)
Figure 1. Effect of different sealing time on headspace gas composition O2 (a) and CO2 (b) of different citrus fruits species.
Figure 2. Peaks of volatiles organic compounds (units) produced by different citrus fruit species with 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 hours sealing time in sample preparation. Error bars are LSD at 5% (n = 3).
extraction from lemon, lime, mandarin and orange samples respectively. Therefore, the 20, 16, 8 and 16 hours sealing time for lemon, lime, mandarin, and orange respectively were selected for subsequent studies.
3.3. Analysis of Volatiles Organic Compounds in Citrus Fruit Species with Different Fibre Extraction Times
The amount of the volatile compounds did not differ significantly between those collected at 2 and 4 hours from lemon and mandarin, while there were significant differences between them and those collected at 1 hour (Figure 3). Therefore, the 2 hours was selected for subsequent studies for both species of lemon and mandarin. In contrast, there were significant differences in the amounts of VOCs produced at the different extraction times from lime and orange fruit (Figure 3). Therefore, 2 and 4 hours were selected for best extraction time to absorb the VOCs emitted from the lime and orange respectively.
3.4. Selection of Chamber Volume
The extraction efficiency of the three different chambers volumes (500, 1000 and 2000 ml glass jar) was evaluated by comparing the peak area of the eight compounds from all citrus fruit spices under the same extraction time, SPME fibre, desorption time, and GC conditions. There were significant differences between the three different chambers size, so the 500 ml jar was chosen because it was optimum for capturing the released VOCs (Figure 4).
Figure 3. Effects of extraction time with citrus fruit species on the peaks area of volatiles organic compounds at 1, 2 and 4 hours. Error bars were LSD at 5% (n = 3).
Figure 4. Peaks of volatiles organic compounds (units) produced by different citrus fruit species extracted by three sizes of chambers (500, 1000 and 2000 ml). Error bars are LSD at 5% (n = 3).
4. Discussion
Volatile production is an important quality characteristic of many fruits, which has been extensively studies [23] [24]. The concentration of the CO2 and O2 into glass jars is the main factor affect on the production of some volatile organic compounds related to the fruit's aroma. Our results support previous findings in the literature which showed that O2 consumption was directly related to CO2 production [25]. Extremely low O2 levels (0.5 kPa) decreased the emission of straight-chain esters related to the aroma of 'Royal Gala' apples [26], while Barker (1928) found that carbon dioxide injury on oranges took the form of an unpleasant bitter flavour [27].
Most of our knowledge about citrus volatiles has been obtained from studies of processed juices and the peel essential oils, essence oils, and aqueous essences used to flavor juice products [10] [28]. On the contrary, optimization and extraction studies on aroma volatiles in fresh citrus fruit have not much been reported. Optimization of isolation conditions was carried out using a 1 L glass jar with two factors: time needed to reach equilibrium in the headspace and the fiber exposure time. Samples were analyzed by GC-FID. The criteria were a higher number of peaks and greater total area of the chromatogram. The determination of the optimum time of sealing is essential to obtain maximum efficiency of the SPME fibers for particular VOCs. The equilibrium between the citrus fruit species and its volatiles within the glass jar had an impact on the final volatile extraction by the SPME fibre. Normally if there is no significant difference between the sealing time less sealing time is prefered, which agrees with the study by [29] who isolated a number of high-quality volatiles from the headspace of whole banana using 140 min sealing time compared with 15 min for banana pulp, but in this study significant difference was observed between different sealing times so, long sealing time for fresh citrus fruits was selected to isolate high-quality volatiles.
Extraction temperature and time are significant parameters in HS-SPME since both have an effect on the equilibrium during extraction of volatile compounds [30]. In this study, optimal extraction time from the fibre for all citrus fruit species was 2 h, except for lime reaching 4 h which is longer than the time used by [31] who reported 40 min as the optimum extraction time to extract the volatiles compounds produced by some species of citrus fruit juice. The best conditions for isolating volatiles from the headspace of whole banana fruits were 120 min fiber exposure, while for the banana pulp the best conditions were 60 min for exposure times [29]. This difference is most likely due to the different in fruit extraction part, head space volume and extraction temperature, since, the extraction time depends on the chemical nature of the compounds present, the distribution constant, the fibre polymeric phase, and to the size of the molecular mass (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids and other compounds are expected to require longer extraction times depending on their lower partitioning and diffusion coefficient). In the present study, the results indicated that there were differences between all citrus fruit species by total peak area. Apparently, more volatiles are emitted in 2 h extraction time from orange fruit, and there were no significant differences in 2 and 4 h extraction time from lemon and mandarin, while total peak area from limes fruit reaches high level from 4 h extraction time (Figure 3), and this is because different species have different types and amounts of compounds. In general, all plants have the ability to emit VOCs, and the content and composition of these VOCs will depend on the plant species and plant organ.
There were significant differences between the three volumes of glass jars used to capture VOCs. However, since the 500 ml glass jar proved to be the best in capturing the VOCs emitted from different citrus species, which agrees with the study by [32] who used a 2000 ml glass jar to extract a number of high-quality VOCs from 1500 g of peach and pear fruit.
5. Conclusion
This study concluded that headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography and flame ionization detection can be used to detect VOC/s from whole citrus fruit species without cutting or extracting juice and essential oil and the optimum condition for sealing and extraction time, were20, 16, 8 and 16 hours headspace equilibrium and 2, 4, 2 and 2 hours fiber exposure time for lemon, lime, mandarin, and orange respectively.
We thank the University of Mosul for a scholarship to the first author.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Copyright © 2023 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


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Rohan Oza is a businessman and guest panelist on the NBC series Shark Tank. Oza is best known for his work with name brands like Snickers and Coca-Cola, and has been commonly referred to as the "Branding Godfather." Oza has also worked with brands like Chef's Cut Real Jerky, Sir Kensington's, Vita Coco, Popchips, Flywheel Spinning Studios and Bai Brands.
Rohan Oza Biography (wiki):
|Full Name (real name)
|Rohan Oza
|Nickname or Other Names
|Rohan Oza
|American businessman
|Date of Birth and Age
|October 2, 1971
|Age (as of 2023)
|53 years old
|United States
|Zodiac Sign
Rohan Oza Net Worth 2023:
|Rohan Oza's Net Worth is
|$200 Million
Early Life
Rohan Oza was born on 2nd October 1971, and is 53 years old, as of 2023. He was born in Zambia and currently resides in Los Angeles, California, in the United States of America. Rohan is of Zambian nationality and belongs to mixed ethnicity, raised in Zambian and Indian descent.
Talking about Rohan's family, his great-grandfather, grandfather, and father were also entrepreneurs. He has a sibling sister named Shefali. So, it can be perceived that his professional line inherits from his parents. Well, his father, Ashok Oza, is the Managing Director of Saro Agro Industrial Ltd. Zambia's farming industry.
Family Tree
|Father Name
|Ashok Oza
|Mother Name
|Lali Oza
|Brother Name
|Sister Name
|Shefali Oza
|Spouse Name
Education and Certificates
Rohan Oza attended Harrow School and Nottingham University while he was in the United Kingdom. When he moved to the United States, he studied at the University of Michigan where he got a Master's Degree.
Height and Weight
Here you can read about Rohan Oza's height and weight, as he was 5ft 10in (178 cm, 1.78 m) tall in height and 72 kg (158 lbs) in weight.
Social Media Profiles
You can be in contact with Rohan Oza and get the latest updates about his career and more on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter.
Rohan started his career when he was only 20 years old. His first job was as a manufacturing manager in the Mars M&M company. Afterward, he became the youngest manager of the Snicker brand. Later on, he started to work for the Coca-Cola Company, and to his achievements, they revived drinks like Sprite and Powerade. In 2002, he resigned from Coca-Cola and together with Vitamin Water began business as Glaceau. He has partnerships with a lot of famous people like James LeBron, Jennifer Aniston, 50 cents, Tom Brady, etc.
In 2007 he sold his business Glaceau to Coca-Cola and made a deal worth $4.2 billion. At the same time, he became Chief Marketing Officer of Coke's brands. He used to be a partner with The Starkey Hearing Foundation and Matter Organization, which provides food and hearing aids to kids with hearing problems in Africa. Rohan showed up in Summit Series, New York Times, Hollywood Reporter, BEVNET, UK Telegraph, Lincoln Conference, SAMMA, Fortune, Forbes, and a lot more. Besides, he was in season 9 and 10 of Shark Tank.
Awards and Achievements
Interesting Facts and FAQs
- Oza Was fired from his first job as an M&M's marketer.
- Oza worked for Coca-Cola and helped Sprite grow 30% in sales.
Rohan Oza Photos
Rohan Oza is a successful American businessman, marketing expert, and investor. In his career, Rohan worked for a lot of notable names such as Coca-Cola, Snicker, and much more. Besides, he had partnerships with celebrities like Jennifer Aniston, 50 cent, etc.


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Spring, summer, and fall of 2015 kept our production team busy building custom church cabinetry for Holy Spirit Catholic Church with their five phases of projects. The first phase was the community room kitchen and island. These cabinets were built using Wilsonart "Shaker Cherry" plastic laminate on exteriors with Cambria "Ashford" quartz on the countertops; the free-standing island countertop is 16 GA stainless steel with satin finish. The phase also included the pre-school cabinets and open face lockers. The vanities in men's and women's restrooms are Cambria "Ramsey" quartz.
Second phase of the custom church cabinetry included a new Tabernacle Screen behind the alter. The screen is designed with three crosses within each other. One 2″ x 2″ steel cross painted bronze; and two crosses of 1 1/2″ oak wood stained to match woodwork in the church. All three crosses inset into a 2 1 /2″ oak wood frame using McNichols deco metal screen painted bronze to separate and define each cross. Overall screen is 78″ x 96″ tall.
Final phase involved two baptismal font access panels of 1/2″ MDF with seashell design laser cut from varying thickness of plexi and painted gold.


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By Daniel Martin
Last updated at 12:21 PM on 1st February 2011
Two people die of thirst every single day in hospital wards.
Dehydration contributes to the death of more than 800 ´┐Żhospital patients every year, the latest figures reveal.
Another 300 die malnourished, while thousands more die of ´┐Żinfections and crippling bedsores.
Scandal: Shocking new figures have found that 800 hospital patients die of thirst every year, while a further 300 die because they are malnourished (file picture)
The appalling statistics can be disclosed a day after the Daily Mail revealed that hundreds have died of thirst in our crumbling care homes over the past five years.
They show that the hospital death toll from dehydration is six times that found in residential care.
However, the figures may include many care home residents who were rushed to hospitals with dehydration in their final hours.
Analysis of the data from the Office for National Statistics reveals that in 2009, the latest year for which figures are available, 816 hospital patients in England and Wales were listed on death certificates as having died suffering from dehydration.
The annual figure is up from 608 in 1997, the year Labour came to power. The highest figure over the past decade was 934 deaths recorded in 2008.
The figures include death certificates where dehydration was listed as the underlying cause, as well as those where it was a ´┐Żcontributory factor.
Malnutrition contributed to 284 deaths in hospitals – up from 175 in 1997.
As with dehydration, some of these figures could include people who had serious illnesses such as stomach cancer – meaning not all the cases are necessarily due to neglect.
Rhonda Smith, of malnutrition charity Bapen, said the death ´┐Żcertificates massively underestimated the true extent of the problem – and that the real figure ran into thousands a year.
The statistics also showed that 3,627 patients died with C. difficile in 2009, up from just 457 in 1999; and 671 died having contracted its fellow superbug MRSA – three times the number when Labour came to power.
Modernisation call: Health Secretary Andrew Lansley said it would be irresponsible to delay any reforms
These numbers are probably a massive underestimate because people are not always tested for the bugs and the result is not always entered on death certificates.
In 2009, 604 patients died with crippling pressure ulcers – bedsores – which are entirely avoidable if nurses ensure patients are turned in bed regularly.
Bedsores increase the risk of infection and quadruple the elderly's risk of death in intensive care units.
And more than 23,000 had blood poisoning – septicaemia – at the time of death, a massive increase on the 1,279 in 1997.
Victims of neglect will disproportionately be made up of the over-65s, who account for two thirds of the occupants of hospital beds.
Neil Duncan-Jordan, of the National Pensioners Convention, said: 'These figures show yet again that the care of older people is at breaking point. They are seen as a secondary priority when there are other jobs to be done.
'If we can't as a society look after the most vulnerable people, how can we call ourselves civilised?
'Overstretched staff don't have the time to carry out basic functions. Until we crack that very simple problem, this will go on and on and on.'
Last year it emerged nurses were having to be reminded that it was part of their job to feed frail patients and check if they have bedsores.
Katherine Murphy, of the Patients Association, said: 'The extent of the neglect displayed here is truly horrifying. How can it be that 800 people died of dehydration in a modern hospital?
'Why were patients left in such a horrendous condition that 600 died because they had bedsores?'
Health Secretary Andrew Lansley said: 'This just goes to show that we must modernise the NHS. It would be irresponsible to delay.
'The plans we have set out will ... free nurses and doctors from Labour's legacy of bureaucracy, which diverted attention away from patients, so that they can focus on improving care.'
NHS staff who neglect patients should be prosecuted, experts say.
At present, hospital workers can face prosecution only if a serious error results in a patient's death.
But they should also face legal action for 'gross dereliction of duty', as happens in France, researchers from the University of Manchester wrote in the Journal of Medical Ethics.
Referring to the scandals such as that at Mid Staffordshire NHS Trust, where up to 1,200 more patients died than expected because of poor standards of care, they urged the Government to ´┐Żcreate a criminal offence of wilful neglect to hold individual NHS managers and workers to account.
However, they said staff covering a ward that was too busy due to failings beyond their control should not face the wrath of the law.
Find this story at www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1352372/How-patients-day-die-thirst-hospital-wards.html
All rights reserved. Copyright ´┐Ż 2000 - Margherita-Caminita.com


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Whenever I travel to speaking engagements or strategy/innovation sessions, I try to connect with people with whom I've had some sort of idea exchange. Last week I traveled to Montreal to keynote at a large quality conference, and my schedule permitted me the time to meet up with Tanveer Naseer, coauthor of a unique leadership book, called Leadership Vertigo: Why Even the Best Leaders Go Off Course and How They Can Get Back On Track.
Tanveer interviewed me a while back for his popular podcast Leadership Biz Cafe, and I wanted to return the favor. He graciously gave me a quick walking tour of Old Montreal, and gave me my opening line (in French, of course) for my talk.
We chatted about his new book in a great little coffee shop.
Why does the world need another leadership book?
The important thing about this one is that it addresses a common problem we've seen in many organizations, where the leaders have to count on their employees more than ever before, and who are so pressed for time and stretched for resources, that the challenge becomes 'how do we apply all the insights, all the experiences, all the information we get from big data in a fashion that really addresses the needs of the organization?"
That most challenging issue is what I call leadership vertigo, where how a leader wants their leadership to be perceived is fundamentally different from what employees are actually experiencing. We have so much information out there about leadership, so many studies about what we should be doing, but if we look at the disturbing levels of employee disengagement, we see this big gap being at the center of it all.
How'd you come up with the term "vertigo"? You're not saying leaders are dizzy and spinning out of control are you?
It's funny…when we hear "vertigo" almost everyone calls up the famous scene from the movie starring Jimmy Stewart. Actually, vertigo is where you're seeing or hearing a certain reality but your brain is convincing you of something else. We see this in aviation–John F. Kennedy Jr. experienced it in his fatal crash–where the instrument panel is telling the pilot something's wrong, the plane's upside down, for example, but the pilot's brain is saying everything is ok, the plane can't possibly be upside down, and that the gauges are wrong.
Leaders get similarly trapped…metrics clearly indicating things aren't going well, people are disengaged, yet leaders are convinced they're doing all the right things. Those false signals are leadership vertigo.
So what's the root cause of that condition?
As leaders we are just so busy trying to get things done that we lose perspective on how all these various measures connect to a larger picture. The principles we arrived at — building community, developing competency, earning credibility, and cultivating compassion — act as guideposts in helping leaders reflect on whether their words, their measures, their actions are truly helping create the conditions that help the organization succeed.
Why does "build community" come first?
It's important to start with the big picture, the wide angel view, the one that encompasses everyone, before looking at oneself. "Building community" focuses on getting clear about the reality facing employees in an organization, getting past our own perceptions as leaders, and understanding what's really going on.
There's a great story of Walt Disney asking an 18-year old ride operator what he would do to improve the ride, and the operator telling Walt — already a legend and icon at this time — that there wasn't enough head room in the gondola carts…people kept hitting their heads. No one had addressed the problem in any real way until Walt did his walkaround that day and decided to check in with the youth. The reason the young man felt safe to tell the great Walt Disney about a problem that had existed for years was that Walt had created a true community among his Disneyland employees, and they believed their thoughts and ideas were critical to success.
Your second principle, that of developing competency, sounds more like coaching than leading. Are you redefining competency?
Yes, in a way. We're not just talking about technical skill development, but rather how a leader interacts with employees in those micro moments and brief encounters, like the one I just mentioned with Disney. Those small interactions inform and impact results, because people takes cues from the energy, emotions, and attitudes the leader demonstrates.
There's a lot being written about the relationship between productivity and energy levels–you've written about this, and the need to take breaks. Leaders must recognize the ebbs and flows of energy, and if taking a break isn't possible, they must be mindful of the energy and emotional state they're in, and ensure that it doesn't send the wrong signal. A meeting held at the end of the day, for example, when everyone is exhausted, requires special care, especially if no one's been able to take a break that day.
It's more about living up to the message you're sending, in the context of your attitude and energy levels.
How does one "earn credibility," which is your third principle?
Through listening and awareness. Leadership is about influence, and you can't have influence unless people are willing to follow you. And just because you have a title, doesn't mean people will follow you. To be effective you need that credibility, which comes not from telling people what to do, but from demonstrating that you're interested in the reality your people face, and taking action reflective of that reality. It requires self-knowledge, self-awareness, and honest answers to questions like "what's it like to work with and for me?" and "do people believe in me?"
As your employee, how would I know you're listening to me?
Well, that ties into the fourth principle, cultivating compassion. We hear about emotional intelligence a lot these days. Typically what's talked about is empathy. The important thing to recognize is that we are hardwired for empathy: look at any natural disaster in the world, and we all react to it in a visceral way. The recent ice bucket challenge is a great example–so many people participated to draw attention to a disease so few of us will ever have to address in our own lives, yet we were all impacted by it.
But we're also hardwired for curiosity. So for me, compassion is about pairing that sense empathy with our natural tendency to be curious, so that we want to actively learn and understand what those around us and that work for us are experiencing under our leadership.
Tap into that compassion, and you're better able to listen attentively, and then do something about what you hear.
What's the one thing you want readers to take away from Leadership Vertigo?
It's that as individuals, as leaders, we are all going to make mistakes. We're not always going to get it right. But that's ok, because in those moments where what we're seeing and what others are experiencing aren't aligned, if we are willing to learn from that gap, we will be much better off going forward.
I'm hoping people will understand leadership is fluid. You'll have moments when you shine, and others when you won't. As long as you're open to that, and understand these are learning moments, you'll continue to succeed, helping your organization and employees.
You can follow Tanveer on Twitter.