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Project Description
Religion – to do without in order to use Freud, a scientist
The purpose of this article is to examine Freud's relationship to science in light of what binds him to Judaism and his Judeity. Can we find a link between what was passed on to him from Judaism and his indestructible hope for science? This, by consequence, could allow us to distinguish faith in language and in the unconscious, from faith in religion. To this end, we will take a look at some writings, in particular Moses and monotheism (Freud, 2010) with special interest on what it means to be Jewish for Freud
«To try to put all religions in the same basket and do what is called 'the history of religions' is truly awful. There is one true religion and that is the Christian religion. (Lacan, 2005, p.81).
In The Ethics of Psychoanalysis, 1959-1960: The seminar of Jacques Lacan. Book VII (Lacan, 1986, p. 204-205), the author emphasizes the originality of Freud's position on the question of religions, precisely because it allows us to classify these religions, if we do not remain on the side of religiosity. There would be religions that fall into the category of the imaginary, those that oppose the tradition of monotheism, whose commandments are the laws of speech: "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image". Referring to Moses, Lacan notes:
«Given that these commandments turn out to be proof against anything – and by that I mean that whether or not we obey them, we still cannot help hearing them – in their indestructible character they prove to be the very laws of speech, as I tried to show you." (Lacan, 1986, p. 204-205)
What distinguishes the Jewish religion from the Christian religion? It seems to be faith that precisely differentiates them. Faith is not a category in the Jewish religion and in the absence of faith, it in turn puts emphasis on the law: the law of symbolism.
For Lacan, religion is indestructible and it will triumph over not only psychoanalysis but also science (Lacan, 2005, p. 79). Freud, on the other hand, is convinced that science can overcome religion. He has never ceased to hope and even believed that science would replace religion: a fundamental scientific fact for him and on which he rests all his hopes. Coming from a Jewish people whose faith is not the basis of their religion, we would say that Freud has faith in science. Is there a connection between what is to be Jewish for Freud and his faith in science?
We would like to propose to consider Freud's relationship to science in light of what binds him to Judaism and his Jewishness. Can we find a link between what was passed on to him from Judaism and his indestructible hope for science? This, by consequence, could allow us to distinguish faith in language and in the unconscious, from faith in religion.
What it means to be a Jew for Freud
Neither German nor Austrian, but Jewish
Lacan teaches us that a signifier is that which represents a subject for another signifier (Lacan, 1966, p. 819). Obviously, it is by this Jewish signifier that Freud often presents himself. «Neither German nor Austrian, but Jewish» (Freud, 1979, p. 216) is what Freud replied to Gilles de La Tourette, during a meeting in Paris, while speaking of the likelihood of a great war between France and Germany.
Once we assume that Freud presents himself as Jewish, now we need to try to identify what this Jewish signifier represents to him as substance. Was Freud religious? No. Was he a nationalist? Neither. So, how did he understand this «being Jewish» that he has always claimed? He does not believe in any religion, not even that of his people, as he often likes to remind us. It is for him an object of epistemic interest, of analysis, and of research. He is interested in it as he does for any psychic phenomenon, pathological or not.
What it means to be Jewish for Freud is clearly dissociated from religion. It is as an atheist, radically opposed to any religion, that he asks himself the question. Freud thus separates the issue from Judaism and the Judeity of the religion. Let us assume that this is precisely what makes this issue so complex. If being Jewish has nothing to do with religion, then what does it mean to be Jewish? How can you be Jewish without religion?
Clearly, just beyond Freud, this complex issue still remains to be unsolvable and is of major concern today. Let us quote Freud:
«I can say that I stand far away from the Jewish religion as from all other religions […] Nevertheless, I have always had a strong feeling of solidarity with my fellow-people and have always encouraged it in my children as well. We have all remained in the Jewish denomination. (Freud, 1992, p. 146)
And in a letter to Jacob Meitlis of June 8, 1938:
«You know without any doubt that I recognize my Jewishness with joy and pride, even though my attitude towards all religions, including our own, is the culmination of a critical refusal.» (Freud, 1983, p. 240)
The following segment of the Jewish history allows us to introduce Freud's relationship to his Jewishness. In a Jewish family of wealthy bourgeoisie, his progressive left-wing father never misses an opportunity to highly proclaim his atheist convictions. Wishing that his son would receive the best education possible, he enrolls him at Trinity School, a school that was once religious but now became secular and open to all. Some time later, the son comes home and says carelessly, 'By the way, Dad, do you know the meaning of the word 'Trinity'? It means the trio of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit'. The father, barely restraining himself, grabs the boy by the shoulders and declares: «Son, there is only one God- and we do not believe in him! (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 115).
Freud has not ceased to express himself nor questioned his Jewishness, both publicly in his writings and also privately in his letters. The richness and abundance of his correspondence enables us to enter into his intimate and profound questioning. Based on these rich and exciting readings, we are able to draw some lessons about Freud's relationship to his Jewishness. It is also interesting and important to take into account the historical context of Freud's remarks. Indeed, his words are also a response to his time, to the discourse that runs through the society in which he lives.
The intensity of his words and the claim of his Jewishness are heightened when confronted with more overt anti-Semitism. In those contexts, asserting and claiming his Jewishness is a clear response to anti-Semitism.
For Freud, what characterizes "the reality of Judaism" is multi-faceted and originates in a particular narrative. The history of the Jews, the tradition and living conditions of this people have forged certain traits which, in his opinion, are part of the Jewish identity.
We have collected in his books, articles and correspondence the fundamental signifiers that he considers to constitute his Jewish being, namely: Enjoying life to the fullest, hoping/resisting, not surrendering / being in solidarity, belonging to / being lucid, not being in denial with the reality/ enduring isolation, being free of prejudice / never giving up / And finally, Judeity: essential but inaccessible.
From above-mentioned conditions of what Freud considers to constitute being Jewish, let us take a look at the last two again as they seem to sum up in a clear and concise matter all that Freud was able to say on this matter.
Never giving up
In a letter to his son Ernst, who, after financial setbacks and a climate of anti-Semitism, left Germany to settle in London with his family, Freud writes: «It is something that's authentically Jewish to never give up and to replace what has been lost.» (Freud, 2012, p. 242)
To try to grasp what Freud means by this replacement or substitution, let us go back to Moses and monotheism. (Freud, 2010)
Moses against all odds
Why did Freud write this book? And for what reasons does Moses torment him «like an unexorcised mind»? (Freud, 2010, p. 182)
In the summer of 1934, Freud writes the first version of this study, which he titles: Moses: a historical Novel. According to the letter written to Arnold Zweig on September 30th of 1934, the «starting point» of Moses is the tragic news of anti-Semitic persecution.
«You know very well the starting point of my work; It was the same as for your Balance Sheet. In face of new persecutions, one wonders once again how the Jew became what he is and why he has attracted this eternal hatred. I soon found the solution. Moses created the Jew and that's how the title of my work came to be: Moses: a historical novel. (Freud, Zweig, 1973, p. 129)
Freud decides to keep his new work secret and decides not to publish it in order to avoid the hostility of the Church and the censorship of psychoanalysis.
But his writing Moses does not leave him in peace:
«Moses and what I wanted to do with him continually pursues me. But it's impossible, the external dangers and the inner scruples leave me no other way out. (Freud, Zweig, 1973, p. 136).
It was not until 1939 that Freud, who was residing in London as a refugee after leaving Vienna in 1938, revisits his plans for publication. At this point, he has nothing left to lose.
«Then came the unexpected German invasion of March 1938, which forced me to leave my homeland, but also freed me from worrying that by publishing this, it could provoke a ban on psychoanalysis where it was still being tolerated.» (Freud, 2010, p. 182)
He builds on his two earlier articles from 1937, published in Imago – «Moses: an Egyptian» and «If Moses were an Egyptian…"- and adds a third part: «Moses, his people and the monotheism.» This long and final part summarizes the previous parts and proposes a theory of religion, which this time based on the Jewish religion, builds on and develops from Totem and Taboo (1912).
It is in this third part of Moses that Freud articulates in a masterful way what makes the Jew and the specificity of the Jewish religion.
He ends up publishing his Moses just before he dies, against all odds, despite the many letters of threats, insults, and the advice of his colleagues and relatives, who suggest him not do so, (Gay, 1991, p. 727-734) and also despite of the fact that his hypotheses are in no way confirmed by historians and scientists.
Freud therefore publishes his Moses at a time when he has nothing more to lose, when in a sense he had already lost everything. Here we find the illustration of what he writes to his son: do not give up anything replace what has been lost. By publishing it, in fact, he does not give up anything and with a discourse replace what has been lost: namely his homeland. It's difficult not to notice that the fate of psychoanalysis is inextricably linked to that of the Jewish people. After the Anschluss on March 15 of 1938, the liquidation of psychoanalysis was swift and complete. Forced to find refuge in England, Freud would compare the loss of the Viennese cradle to the destruction of Jerusalem.
Now, let us go back to our question of why Moses? What Freud seeks in this work is to try to grasp the genesis of the Jewish religion, its specificity, the characteristics of the Jewish people and, at the same time, the genesis of religions in general, in order to be able to answer the question that preoccupies him and which does not leave him in peace: why do Jews attract eternal hatred and how is it that they resist all persecution?
Moses created the Jew
Where does this ability of the Jews to live or even to survive come from? Asks Freud. Of all the peoples of antiquity who lived around the Mediterranean Basin, the Jewish people, Freud recalls, are almost the only ones that still exist by their own name and essence. They defied all persecutions, developed special traits and in turn attracted hatred from all other peoples. They have high self-esteem, consider themselves superior to others, from which they separate by their customs and traditions. These people have special assurance, a kind of optimism that believers might call trust in God. This assurance, Freud proposes, comes from their belief that they are particularly close to God and that they are His chosen people.
Chosen, elevated and sanctified people, separated from other people, this sentiment of the Jews has become part of their religious belief, thereby their strength. However, behind God who has chosen them is Moses! Thus, Freud concludes:
"[…] it was the man Moses, alone, who created the Jews. It is to him that this people owe their tenacity to live, but also much of the hostility that they have experienced and continue to experience» (Freud, 2010, p. 185)
Freud wonders why the Jewish people were so attached to their God and even to the point of being submissive to Him when they were being mistreated by Him: It's because in addition to the pride of being the chosen ones, the religion also brought to the Jews a representation of a more grandiose God. And thus believing in this God could enable them to have a feeling of being elevated like Him.
Freud considers that the prohibition of representing God, and thus venerating a God that cannot be seen, has had a definite influence on the Jewish people. Spirituality and abstraction have taken precedence over sensoriality. Moses has given the Jewish people the pride of being the chosen ones, and the dematerialization of God has added the pride of being superior to those left in the grip of this sensoriality.
For Freud, the tenacity and perseverance of the Jewish people are essential and highly significant traits of this people, inseparable from their history. For him, what is at the origin of this perseverance is the relationship to the text. The text keeps this people alive. This is the result of the dematerialization of the Jewish religion, i.e. the prohibition of the image and the primacy of the text, as he developed at length in Moses in 1938. The story of Rabbi Jochanan Ben Zakkaï is repeatedly recounted by Freud in his various correspondences and also in Moses.
Thus, Freud, who was exiled in London because of the persecution sprees of the Nazis, writes in a letter to Jacob Meitlis, a member of the YIVO (Yiddish Scientific Institute) committee on November 30th, 1938:
«We Jews have always been able to respect spiritual values. We have preserved our unity through ideas, and it is to this unity that we owe our survival until this present day. The fact that Rabbi Jochanan Ben Zakkaï, immediately after the destruction of the Temple, obtained the permission from the conqueror to establish the first academy of Jewish studies in Jabneh, for me has always been one of the most significant manifestations of our history. Once again, our people are facing dark times, which require us to join forces in order to preserve all our culture and science unharmed during the current severe storms. (Freud, 1983, p. 240)
This position of Ben Zakkaï – the acceptance of the yoke of the Romans and the opening of a school in Jabneh as the sole claim – condenses what makes the Jew for Freud. At a time when Jews are being hunted down and murdered almost all across Europe, Freud reminds us that Jewish resistance manifests itself through the transmission of texts or science, whatever the cost.
In 1938, he instructs his daughter, Anna Freud, to read this passage on Ben Zakkaï, at the congress of psychoanalysis in Paris, which he could not attend due to his health condition. But this idea was already present in 1886 when he wrote to Martha:
«And historians say that if Jerusalem had not been destroyed, we Jews would have disappeared like so many other people before and after us. It was only after the destruction of the visible temple that the invisible edifice of Judaism could be built. (Freud, 1979, p. 29-31)
The invisible, which allows for the edifice and perseverance of Judaism, leaves a central place for the signifier, and those are the signifiers that have been passed down and continue to be transmitted from generation to generation.
Let us now return to what Freud wrote to his son: "It is something authentically Jewish to give up nothing and to replace what has been lost" (Freud, 2012, p. 242). The tenacity and resistance of the Jewish people, which Freud attributes to the position of Rabbi Jochanan Ben Zakkaï, sheds light on this statement. After the destruction of the Temple, Ben Zakkaï replaced what had been lost – namely, the homeland, the Temple – with the study of the text and transmission. In this substitution or replacement that Freud refers to, it is a question of knowing how to deal with the loss, with the reality, and of fighting to realize one's desire, without illusion or despair. Freud's life and work bear witness to this position. Freud did not give in to discouragement when he is confronted with anti-Semitism upon entering university. He makes every effort to prevent psychoanalysis from becoming a "Jewish affair", a prey for anti-Semitism. He publishes his theses on child sexuality at the cost of terrible isolation. He also publishes his Moses against all odds. These various elements outline what Lacan defines as an ethical position: "I propose that the only thing one can be guilty of, at least from an analytical perspective, is to have given in to one's desire" (Lacan 1986, p. 368).
Essential but inaccessible jewish identity
It is undeniable that Freud's Jewishness is a matter of constant preoccupation to him. His responses are often tinged with a sense that something in this notion of a Jew remains inaccessible to analysis. Here is what he said in 1934 in his preface to the Hebrew edition of Totem and Taboo:
«No reader of [the Hebrew version] of this book will find it easy to put himself in the emotional position of an author who is ignorant of the language of holy writ, who is completely estranged from the religion of his fathers – as well as from every other religion – and who cannot take a share in nationalist ideals, but who has yet never repudiated his people, who feels that he is in his essential nature as a Jew and who has no desire to alter that nature. If the question were put to him: 'Since you have abandoned all these common characteristics of your countrymen, what is there left to you that is Jewish?' he would reply: "A very great deal, and probably its very essence.' He could not now express that essence clearly in words, but some day, no doubt, it will become accessible to the scientific mind." (Freud, 1993, p. 67-68)
He reiterated this point in a letter to Barbara Low, Eder's sister-in-law, written in 1936 on the occasion of the death of David Eder, his friend and first follower in England: «We were both Jews and knew of each other that we had in common within us this miraculous thing which, still inaccessible to any analysis, makes the Jew.» (Freud, 1979, p. 29-31)
It is striking to know that the very person who invents psychoanalysis stumbles upon something and remains unable to define what makes the Jew. What is it that it eludes Freud and why does this question not leave him alone?
Freud, an atheist Jew, not without the Bible
The Moses of Freud (Yerushalmi, 1991) by Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi makes a position and allows us to advance in our reflection on Freud's relationship to Judaism and science. In this book, there is not only a real questioning about what Freud's Jewishness is but also about Judaism. He explored every single piece of writing by Freud and even uncovered his unpublished works.
Yerushalmi questions Freud's thesis in Moses. Freud's thesis posits that for a tradition to endure, it must have suffered the fate of repression; it cannot be founded in communication. But what Freud adds to this that's surprising is his idea of a concordance between the individual and the mass: in the mass, as in the individuals, the memories of the past remains imprinted in the «unconscious memory traces», memory traces that concern the life experience of previous generations. Why does Freud persist in supporting a thesis that does not stand up, asks Yerushalmi, especially in the face of the fact that the heredity of acquired characters was already challenged by scientists?
For him, this obstinacy reflects what he calls Freud's «Lamarckism.» The link between Lamarckism and Judeity is expressed in the fact that, for many Jews, whether assimilated or faithful, the Jewish past would always exert a force of attraction in the form of belonging or a weight to bear. Yerushalmi then wonders what Jewish Lamarckism is if not:
«This deep conviction that, for better or worse, a Jew cannot really cease to be a Jew, not only because he is subjected to anti-Semitism […] and even less so because of the chain of tradition, but because his fate as a Jew was sealed a long time ago by his fathers and he still feels its obscure vibration even in his blood today» (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 76)
Yerushalmi quotes a passage from a letter from Freud to Arnold Zweig, dated May 8, 1932, in which this view can be illustrated:
«We come from there […] our ancestors lived there for half a millennium, perhaps a whole millennium […] and it is impossible to say what we took as a legacy from our stay in this country in the blood and in the nerves […]. (Freud, Zweig, 1973, p. 75)
We also find in Moses the idea of the character of the Jews forged by the Jewish religion for centuries: «We have it on good authority that even back in Hellenistic times, they behaved as they do today – in other words, the Jewish character was already fully formed at that time and the Jew was already himself then.» (Freud, 2010, p. 184)
Whether the transmission of acquired characters is denied by biologists or that this thesis brings him dangerously closer to Jung's collective unconscious wouldn't be able to stop Freud. This stubbornness is very instructive for Yerushalmi. On one hand, it allows Freud to bridge the gap between individual psychology and collective psychology, but most importantly, it allows us to assert that no matter what, one cannot cease to be a Jew: it is in one's destiny sealed for centuries. In other words, Yerushalmi notes that according to Freud, a Jew does not stop being a Jew even if he is an atheist.
The Bible, the father's mandate
What particularly interests us in Yerushalmi's work is that he will demonstrate that Freud had received a much greater religious education than he claimed. And this Jewish transmission he received is done through studying the Bible: In other words, by the text and its interpretation. Yerushalmi demonstrates that Freud read the Bible, can read Hebrew and is familiar with the Jewish tradition.
Freud presented an image of his Jewishness in childhood based on three points:
– he has received solely very rudimentary religious education;
– religious practice at home, in pure form, was kept to a minimum while growing up;
– he speaks neither Hebrew nor Yiddish. He's never learned either of them. (Yerushalmi, 1991, 127)
Now, drawing from Freud's anecdotes and allusions he makes in his private correspondence, Yerushalmi will present a completely different Freud. One example is among many discovered by Yerushalmi. It testifies to Freud's perfect knowledge of the Bible. In a letter dated July 23rd, 1880, the day before an examination, Freud tells his friend Carl Koller that he had not yet started reviewing the materials:
«I have decided to forget about pharmacology… and instead to review this interesting topic at my leisure after the holidays. But Wednesday afternoon merely twenty four hours after I made that decision, I rejoiced; the satanic laughter of hell erupted in my ears, the clamor was great in Israel, and my best friends sang the funeral song, «Don't say it in Askelon. Don't shout it out in the streets of Gath,» which was sung at the death of Saul and Jonathan. Hence, I have decided to sink yet another twelve hours into the throes of pharmacology." (Freud, 1966, p. 260)
Freud not only quotes the verse from memory but also understands its context. And as Yerushalmi points out, Freud cites it again seventeen years later in a letter to Fliess written on September 21st, 1897 when he tells him about his doubts concerning his theory of seduction:
«It's also curious that I don't feel sheepish, which would seem natural. Of course, I shall not tell it in Dan, nor speak of it in Askelon, in the land of the Philistines – but your eyes and my own, I have more sense of victory than of defeat. (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 130-131)[1]
What Yerushalmi finds remarkable is that Freud not only uses this biblical expression as a proverb that resonates with the idea of not disclosing a secret, but that he also does so in perfect connection to the historical context of that expression. In other words, the mourning of Saul and Jonathan is a metaphor for the mourning of his theory of seduction and also of the mourning of his father.
But the central element that will allow Yerushalmi to deduce that Freud did indeed receive Jewish education is the dedication that Jakob Freud affixed to the Bible he offered Sigmund Freud, his son. The whole argument of Yerushalmi's is based on this dedication. Not only does it allow him to say that there was a transmission from Jakob to Sigmund, but also to interpret the subjective effect this dedication had on Freud toward the end of his life. Yerushalmi recounts this crucial period between Freud and his father, whose scope he considers was never fully properly evaluated. It is 1891 and Jakob Freud offers Freud, or rather gives back, the Bible of his youth for his 35th birthday. Jakob's dedication is not written in German but rather in Hebrew, a fact, for Yerushalmi, which proves that Freud could read Hebrew.
Let us take a moment now to savor this dedication written in a beautiful language. Yerushalmi, a connoisseur of the Bible and of the Talmud, comments almost exhaustively on the rules of interpretation of the Midrash in this text. Let us now quote this precious document:
«A son who is dear to me, Shlomo. In the seventh year of your life, the Spirit of the Lord began inspire you. He spoke within you: 'Go, read the Book, I have written' and there will burst forth for you the fountains of discernment, knowledge and understanding. The Book of Books: Behold it! Therein sages delved and lawgivers learned knowledge and justice. A vision of the Almighty you perceived; you hearkened and ventured; you achieved and soared on the wings of the spirit. Since then the Book has remained in reserve, like fragments of tablets in any ark with me. Toward the day there would be completed your thirty-five years. I put upon it a new leather covering. Then I named it "Spring up, O well – sing unto it" and I am presenting it before you as an offering of a memorial, a remembrance of love who loves you with an everlasting love.
Jacob son of R. Shlomo Freud.
In the capital city of Vienna, 29 Nisan [5] 651, May 6th [1]891 (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 139-140)
The most important point, finally, and the most precious is not only what this dedication says, but the way in which the message is said. It is written in Melitzah, i.e. made up of expressions from the Bible, rabbinical literature, or liturgy. This literary technique was widely used by poets and prose writers in the Hebrew language from the Middle Ages to the Haskalah. Yerushalmi reminds us that the peculiarity of the [2]Melitzah, is that each word refers to the context from which it is extracted, hence the pertinence for him is to visit the sources from which Jakob Freud alludes, either directly or indirectly.
Let us follow Yerushalmi's demonstration. «Son who is dear to me», as well as the following phrase «Who loves you with an everlasting love» are expressions from the book of Jeremiah (Bible, Chapter 4, Verse 19). Now, in Jeremiah, the beloved son is Ephraim. Thus, the context of this Melitzah is Ephraim – an emblematic figure of the lost tribes of Israel. The prophet hints at the possibility of the tribes' return and reconciliation with God the Father. How can we not think that Jakob Freud had this context in his mind? The underlying meaning of this dedication, in this case, would be a call for return and reconciliation – a call from Jakob Freud to his son to resume his Bible and return to his reading. It is this common thread that guides Yerushalmi's reading. Let us continue:
«In the seventh year of your life, the Spirit of the Lord began to inspire you and spoke within you: "Go, read the Book […] You had a vision of the Almighty, you perceived; you hearkened and ventured; you achieved and soared on the wings of the Spirit (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 139-140)
These words allude to the moment when Freud began to study the Bible. «Since then, the Book has remained in reserve, like fragments of tablets in an ark with me»: When Freud left his father's house, he left his Bible in bad shape, like the broken tables. When his son turns thirty five, Jakob decides to give it back to him and cover it with «a new leather covering» (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 140)
In 1933, Hitler seizes power and the Nazis began to hunt down and persecute Jews and psychoanalysis. At the end of 1934, Freud completes the first draft of Moses. For Yerushalmi, it is through this book that Freud fulfills the father's mandate that he had received at the age of thirty-five and he decides to write his first and only Jewish book in order to answer the question of what makes him Jewish. In Moses, Freud returns to the Bible study and speaks most openly about the Jewish question, on what makes Jews what they are. Yerushalmi finds confirmation of his hypothesis in an article written by Freud titled «Auto-presentation":
«I was […] driven by a kind of desire to know, which, however, was related more to the human condition than to natural objects – a desire which had not recognized the value of observation as the main means of self-satisfaction. The fact that I immersed myself very early on, having barely finished learning to read, in the study of the Biblical history, has determined the orientation of my interests in a lasting way, as I realized later on" (Freud, 1992, p. 56)
The first part of this article was written in 1924, the year of the first edition of this text; the second, in italics, was added on in 1935. It is only then, in writing Moses, that Freud publicly acknowledges the influence of the Bible study on him. It is this precise point that makes Yerushalmi argue that Moses represents a belated fulfillment of the father's mandate. With this book, he states, Freud obeys his father, plunges back into the study of the Bible, but that his own interpretation allows him to maintain his independence. There is no material truth in the Bible, but Freud is delighted to discover a historical truth in it. (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 151)
Yerushalmi concludes his book with a «Monologue with Freud.» It is in a Talmudic way that he addresses Freud with this expression ledidah', which means «in your opinion, according to you,» and reminds him of what Abraham had written to him in a letter on May 11, 1908:
«The Talmudic way of thinking cannot just suddenly disappear from us […] in the technique of the apposition and in all its composition, your book on wit was quite Talmudic. (Freud, Abraham, 2006, p. 73)
In this monologue, Yerushalmi revisits his thesis of a tradition that gets transmitted through the unconscious of a group. He demonstrates to Freud that this thesis is inadmissible on one hand because it contradicts the scientific evidence of modern genetics, but especially given the fundamental differences between individual memory and collective memory. History is transmitted because some do not forget, even if they are only few, and continue to transmit even to a small number of people. Freud himself points this out by affirming that the Levites remained faithful to their master, Moses, and that they preserved his memory and teachings. Thus, comes the question from Yerushalmi to Freud: Why does he abandon the transmission of memory traces of the Levites in favor of an «archaic heritage»? (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 168)
For Yerushalmi, this is what allows Freud to claim to be a «Jew» without Judaism. Since if it is true that a national character can be transmitted independently of a communication or the influence of education, then it means that «Jewishness» can be transmitted independently of Judaism and that the former is interminable even if the latter is over. He distills this idea in the following phrase: an interminable Judeity even if Judaism is over. (Yerushalmi, 1991, 168)
Lacan tells us that the Jew, since the return of Babylon, is the one who can read, i.e. «that from the letter he distances himself from his word, finding there the interval, just playing an interpretation» (Lacan, 2001, p. 428). It is a separation between the written and the spoken, which results in the possibility of an interpretation. In the absence of their territory, text along with language and scriptures are the very perpetuity of the Jewish people. This is illustrated by Ben Zakkai's act, which is so essential to Freud.
However, we have found that Freud, paradoxically, also approaches this transmission through archaic heritage, which led Yerushalmi to an interpretation of what Freud says of Judaism: Judeity has been acquired for centuries and therefore, no longer depends on Judaism.
A different reading of this so-called «archaic heritage» can be understood using Lacanian concepts. What Freud calls an archaic heritage is a discourse. It is language that allows the transmission of speech. Freud's hypothetical biological solution is no longer a problem from the concept of discourse, since the collective unconscious is language, as the statements are deposited in language. Consequently, what Judaism transmits is a discourse that passes through grammar, vocabulary, etymological evolution, with words that disappear and others that are invented. We are beings of discourse and a discourse builds us. Freud's reality was that he was caught between his relationship to science, which was fundamental to him on one hand and, on the other his relationship to Jewish discourse. Freud, as a psychoanalyst, works with the subject of language, and it is for this reason that he could not ignore the question of his Jewishness – that he could not sweep away the discourse transmitted by Judaism. Here we have an answer to this question of Jewish identity, which did not leave Freud in peace until he could in turn transmit something on to posterity.
What is striking about this encounter between Jewish discourse and science is that faith is excluded in both cases. It is not a question of faith in Judaism but of text, transmission, law, a written law, a fact which has all its importance since it will give rise to a very important interpretation of the texts that still lasts until today. In Judaism it is a matter of interpretation, decryption, and of combinatorial. As Lacan points out (Lacan 1986, p. 204-205), one of the peculiarities of the Jewish people is to engage in interpretive games and debates, both of which provide satisfaction.
However, it is fundamental to note the distinction between «reading» and «scientific deciphering». Interpretation, in the Jewish tradition, lies in the gap between the written and the spoken. That is to say that the dimension of the subject, of subjectivity, is present in the interpretation, unlike mathematical deciphering, for instance. Reading in the sense of Lacan includes the «spoken» and therefore the subject. The gap between the speech and the writing allows for interpretation, and it will never be based on certainty. Doubt can only persist in the gap and interpretation will never solve the subject's lack of being.
Let's say this is what Freud comes up against. On one hand, what has been transmitted to him by Judaism places him on the side of the book and not on the side of faith or image. This tradition, this relationship to the text allows him to invent psychoanalysis and bring him closer to science. But on the other hand, he does not stop hoping that science can solve what is inaccessible to the speaking-being, which remains indecipherable. Therefore, he never ceases to hope that science could replace religion. Thus, he hopes that Judaism will one day be accessible to scientific understanding. Perhaps that's what brings Freud closer to science. He replaces faith with science. He relies on science to make sense of things in life.
This encounter between Jewish discourse and science could be illustrated by Freud's obstinacy in using science to confirm his assumptions about Moses. He publishes his Moses against all odds, and although his hypotheses were in no way validated by historians or scientists. For Freud:
«An objection is not a rebuttal however […] I'm not an ethnologist, rather a psychoanalyst. I had the right to draw what I could use from ethnological literature for the analytical work » (Freud, 2010, p. 210)
Or, when he was told that Sellin[3] himself doubted his hypothesis regarding the murder of Moses, he replies: «Nevertheless, his hypothesis was correct.» (Yerushalmi, 1991, p. 158)
What interests Freud is not material truth, rather truth as it is transmitted through language. He believes in what is transmitted and gives scientific value to it.
This would seem to us to be one of the possible differences between faith in religion and faith in signifiers, especially since believing in the Freudian unconscious does not in any way nullify the responsibility of the subject. On the contrary, the unconscious allows for the appearance of the subject's responsibility.
[1] The text by Y.H. Yerushalmi is written in Italics
[2] The Haskalah is a school of thought that extended from the 18th to the 19th century. Influenced by the Enlightenment, it advocated acquring general culture, bringing Jews and host peoples closer together, and learning the language of the host country and also Hebrew.
[3] Freud relies on Sellin to affirm that Moses was assassined by his people.
Freud, S. (1925 [1992]). "Carta al director de Jüdische Presszentrale Zürich" en Obras Completas. Tomo XIX. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu.
Freud, S. (1937-1939 [1991]). "Moisés y la religión monoteísta" en Obras completas. Tomo XXIII. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu.
Freud, S. (1938 [2012]). Cartas a sus hijos. Buenos Aires: Paidós.
Freud, S. y Zweig, A. (1973). Correspondence 1927-1939. Paris: Gallimard.
Freud, S. (1979). Correspondence 1873-1939. Paris: Gallimard.
Freud, S. (1925-1926 [1992]). "Presentación autobiográfica" en Obras Completas. Tomo XX. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu.
Freud, S. (1983). Letter to Meitlis. In TimeWriting, No. 3.
Freud, S. (1913-1914 [2008]). "Tótem y tabú" en Obras Completas. Tomo XIII. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu.
Freud, S. (1966). The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, vol. I. London: The Hogarth Press.
Freud, S. (1990). Letters of youth. Paris: Gallimard.
Freud, S. y Abraham, K. (2006). Full correspondence 1907-1925. Paris: Gallimard.
Freud, S. y Pfister, O. (1967). Correspondence 1909-1939. Paris: Gallimard.
Gay, P. (2010). Freud. Vida y legado de un precursor. España: Paidós.
Gay, P. (1989). A Godless Jew, Atheism, and the Making of Psychoanalysis. Paris: PUF.
Lacan, J. (1959-1960 [2007]) "La Ética del Psicoanálisis" en El Seminario de Jacques Lacan. Libro 7. Buenos Aires: Paidós.
Lacan, J. (1966 [2015]). "Posición del inconsciente" en Escritos 2. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores.
Lacan, J. (1974 [2005]). El triunfo de la religión. Buenos Aires: Paidós.
Lacan, J. (1970 [2012]). Otros Escritos. Buenos Aires: Paidós.
Levy, B.H. (2016). The spirit of Judaism. Paris: Grasset.
Malet, E.H. (2016). Freud and the Jewish man, préf. Avraham B. Yehoshua. Paris: Campagne Première.
Milner, J.C. (2006). The Jew of Knowledge. Paris: Grasset.
Oz, A. (2014). Jews and words. Paris: Gallimard.
Yerushalmi, Y.H. (1991). Freud's Moses, terminable and endless Judaism. Paris: Gallimard.


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Filmmaker Nicky Hamlyn investigates artists' film, approaching it conceptually to explore key categories that connect different works and filmmakers.
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Alongside the commercial cinema of narrative and spectacle there has always been another practice – call it avant garde, experimental or artists' film (as opposed to art cinema). It is this work that Nicky Hamlyn, himself an acclaimed filmmaker in the alternative tradition, investigates in Film Art Phenomena. The work takes its cue from modern trends in other artforms, notably painting and sculpture. This is filmmaking that emphasises the nature of its apparatus and medium in order to bring about a critical, inquisitive state of mind in the viewer. It deconstructs, anatomises and reimagines what film images are; it builds new machines; it recreates the setting of cinema or expands into new kinds of performance and exhibition. It often has a political dimension – urging audiences to make a free and active response, not a passive, consumerist one.
Hamlyn's major new study treats artists' film conceptually in order to explore key categories that connect different works and filmmakers: from framing to digital media, installation to interactivity, point of view to sound. In so doing he considers the work of Stan Brakhage, Malcolm Le Grice and Michael Snow, as well as younger artists such as Karen Mirza and Brad Butler, Jennifer Nightingale and Colin Crockatt, among many others. Film Art Phenomena is a crucial intervention in debates about the modes of filmmaking that diverge from and oppose the mainstream.
|Nicky Hamlyn
|Nicky Hamlyn, Stan Brakhage, Malcolm Le Grice, Michael Snow, Karen Mirza, Brad Butler, Jennifer Nightingale, Colin Crockatt
|208 pages
|Palgrave Macmillan , BFI Publishing

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Just when businesses and advertisers think they have women all figured out enters a new category with serious buying power: the single woman. It is projected that in 2005 single women will spend $400 million dollars which has the business world standing up and taking notice.
There use to be a time when single women were treated like outcasts and looked on with pity. Unmarried women were secretly called "spinsters" by friends and family if they were not wed by the time they hit 30. The tide is beginning to turn as single women send out the message that they can do for themselves.
Businesses as well as politicians are now checking in to see what makes single women tick.
Single women are beginning to take the country by storm, even on the top hit show "Desperate Housewives" half of the characters are single. Advertising companies are beginning to get it when it comes appealing to the single woman. One commercial has two women who are sitting down after a wedding doing a high five for having "not" caught the bridal bouquet. This message says that businesses are seeing that single women are a viable market. That is girl power that is about to be in full effect.
|Dating and Romance
|Dating and Romance


text:
Common causes and symptoms of bone painTeresa Tran
Bone pain is extreme tenderness, aching, or other discomfort in one or more bones. It differs from muscle and joint pain because it's present whether you're moving or not. The pain is commonly linked to diseases that affect the normal function or structure of the bone.
What causes bone pain?
Many conditions and events can lead to bone pain.
Injury is a common cause of bone pain. Typically, this pain arises when a person goes through some form of trauma, such as a car accident or fall. The impact may break or fracture the bone. Any damage to the bone can cause bone pain.
Mineral deficiency
To stay strong, your bones require a variety of minerals and vitamins, including calcium and vitamin D. A deficiency in calcium and vitamin D often leads to osteoporosis, the most common type of bone disease. People in the late stages of osteoporosis often have bone pain.
Metastatic cancer
This is cancer that started somewhere else in the body but spread to other body parts. Cancers of the breast, lung, thyroid, kidney, and prostate are among the cancers that commonly spread to the bones.
Bone cancer
Bone cancer describes cancer cells that originate in the bone itself. Bone cancer is much rarer than metastatic bone cancer. It can cause bone pain when the cancer disrupts or destroys the bone's normal structure.
Diseases that disturb blood supply to bones
Some diseases, such as sickle cell anemia, interfere with the blood supply to the bone. Without a steady source of blood, bone tissue begins to die. This causes significant bone pain and weakens the bone.
If an infection originates in or spreads to the bones, it can cause a serious condition known as osteomyelitis. This infection of the bone can kill bone cells and cause bone pain.
Leukemia is cancer of the bone marrow. Bone marrow is found in most bones and is responsible for the production of bone cells. People with leukemia often experience bone pain, especially in the legs.
What are the symptoms?
The most noticeable symptom of bone pain is discomfort whether you're still or moving.
Other symptoms depend on the particular cause of your bone pain.
|Cause of bone pain
|Other associated symptoms
|Swelling, visible breaks or deformities, a snap or grinding noise upon injury
|Mineral deficiency
|Muscle and tissue pain, sleep disturbances, cramps, fatigue, weakness
|Back pain, stooped posture, loss of height over time
|Metastatic cancer
|A large range of symptoms depending on where the cancer has spread that may include headache, chest pain, bone fractures, seizures, dizziness, jaundice, shortness of breath, swelling in the belly
|Bone cancer
|Increased bone breaks, a lump or mass under the skin, numbness or tingling (from when a tumor presses on a nerve)
|Disrupted blood supply to the bones
|Joint pain, loss of joint function, and weakness
|Redness, streaks from the infection site, swelling, warmth at the infection site, decreased range of motion, nausea, loss of appetite
|Fatigue, pale skin, shortness of breath, night sweats, unexplained weight loss
How is bone pain diagnosed?
A doctor needs to identify the pain's underlying cause to recommend treatment. Treating the underlying cause can drastically reduce or eliminate your pain.
Your doctor will perform a physical exam and ask about your medical history. Common questions include:
- Where is the pain located?
- When did you first experience the pain?
- Is the pain getting worse?
- Are there any other symptoms that accompany the bone pain?
Your doctor may order blood tests to look for vitamin deficiencies or cancer markers. Blood tests may also help your doctor detect infections and adrenal gland disorders that can interfere with bone health.
Bone X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans can help your doctor evaluate the affected area for injuries, bone lesions, and tumors within the bone.
Urine studies can be used to detect abnormalities within the bone marrow, including multiple myeloma.
In some cases, your doctor will need to run multiple tests to rule out certain conditions and to diagnose the exact cause of your bone pain.
How is bone pain treated?
When the doctor has determined the cause of the bone pain, they'll start treating the underlying cause. They may advise you to rest the affected area as much as possible. They'll likely prescribe you a pain reliever for moderate to severe bone pain.
If your doctor is unsure of the cause and suspects an infection, they'll start you on antibiotics. Take the full course of the medication, even if your symptoms go away within a few days. Corticosteroids are also commonly used to reduce inflammation.
The treatment options for bone pain include:
Pain relievers
Pain relievers are among the most commonly prescribed medications to reduce bone pain, but they don't cure the underlying condition. Over-the-counter treatments such as ibuprofen (Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be used. Prescription medications such as Paracetamol or morphine may be used for moderate or severe pain.
If you have a bone infection, your doctor may prescribe powerful antibiotics to kill the germ that's causing the infection. These antibiotics may include ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, or vancomycin.
Nutritional supplements
People who have osteoporosis need to restore their calcium and vitamin D levels. Your doctor will give you nutritional supplements to treat the mineral deficiency. Supplements are available in liquid, pill, or chewable form.
Find calcium supplements and vitamin D supplements online.
Cancer treatments
Bone pain caused by cancer is difficult to treat. The doctor will need to treat the cancer to relieve the pain. Common cancer treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy (which can increase bone pain). Bisphosphonates are a type of medication that help prevent bone damage and bone pain in people with metastatic bone cancer. Opiate pain relievers may also be prescribed.
You may need surgery to remove parts of bone that have died due to infection. Surgery may also be required to re-set broken bones and remove tumors caused by cancer. Reconstructive surgery may be used in severe cases where joints can be replaced or substituted.
Maintaining strong, healthy bones makes it easier to avoid bone pain. To maintain optimal bone health, remember to:
- maintain a healthy exercise plan
- get enough calcium and vitamin D
- drink only in moderation
- avoid smoking
Aside from improving bone health, you can also avoid injuries that lead to bone pain. Try to prevent falls by keeping your floors clutter-free and watching for loose rugs or poor lighting. You should also be careful when going up or down the stairs. For sporting activities, especially contact sports like football or boxing, wear proper protective gear.


text:
News Release, International Society of Microbiota – March 14, 2022.
Depression is a debilitating disorder, and at least one third of patients do not respond to therapy. Associations between gut microbiota and depression have been observed in recent years, opening novel treatment avenues.
Dr. Schmidt presents a research portraying the first two patients with major depressive disorder ever treated with fecal microbiota transplantation as add-on therapy.
According to this study findings, both patients' depressive symptoms were improved 4 weeks after the transplantation and effects lasted up to 8 weeks in one patient. Moreover, gastrointestinal symptoms, constipation in particular, were reflected in microbiome changes and improved in one patient.
Interestingly, this reseach suggests that further FMT studies in depression could be worth pursuing and adds to awareness as well as safety assurance, both crucial in determining the potential of FMT in depression treatment.
Stay up-to-date on Microbiota Research, benefits, and recent discoveries through the Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress.
In this congress, a special session will be dedicated to Strategies, Innovations & Challenges to Target Microbiota Dysbiosis. During this session, Prof. Peter Konturek will shed the light on FMT.
Media contact:
International Society of Microbiota
[email protected]
Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France


text:
José Antonio Meade
José Antonio Meade
|Secretary of Finance and Public Credit of Mexico
|In office
7 September 2016 – 27 November 2017
|Enrique Peña Nieto
|Preceded by
|Luis Videgaray Caso
|Succeeded by
|José Antonio González Anaya
|In office
9 September 2011 – 30 November 2012
|Felipe Calderón
|Preceded by
|Ernesto Cordero Arroyo
|Succeeded by
|Luis Videgaray Caso
|Secretary of Social Development of Mexico
|In office
27 August 2015 – 6 September 2016
|Enrique Peña Nieto
|Preceded by
|Rosario Robles
|Succeeded by
|Luis Enrique Miranda Nava
|Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Mexico
|In office
1 December 2012 – 26 August 2015
|Enrique Peña Nieto
|Preceded by
|Patricia Espinosa
|Succeeded by
|Claudia Ruiz Massieu
|Secretary of Energy of Mexico
|In office
7 January 2011 – 9 September 2011
|Felipe Calderón
|Preceded by
|Georgina Kessel
|Succeeded by
|Jordy Herrera Flores
|Deputy Secretary of Finance and Public Credit of Mexico
|In office
20 August 2010 – 6 January 2011
|Felipe Calderón
|Preceded by
|Alejandro Werner Wainfeld
|Succeeded by
|Gerardo Rodriguez Regordosa
|Personal details
José Antonio Meade Kuribreña
27 February 1969
Mexico City, Mexico
|Political party
|Other political
|Institutional Revolutionary Party
Juana Cuevas
(m. 1994)
|Alma mater
|Mexico Autonomous Institute of Technology (BS)
National Autonomous University of Mexico (BS)
Yale University (PhD)
José Antonio Meade Kuribreña (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˌse anˈtonjo ˈmið kuɾiˈβɾeɲa]; born 27 February 1969)[1] is a Mexican politician, economist, lawyer, and diplomat. He served as a cabinet minister under Presidents Felipe Calderón and Enrique Peña Nieto in a variety of portfolios, becoming the first Mexican official appointed to cabinet five times. He was the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate in the 2018 presidential election, where he placed third.
Meade is the son of Dionisio Meade[2][3] and his wife Lucía, daughter of the lawyer and sculptor José Kuribreña.[4] The Meade Kuribreña family is a Mexican family of Irish[5] and Lebanese[6] descent. He is married to painter Juana Cuevas and they have 3 children.
Meade has a B.S. in Economics from Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM), a B.S. in Law from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) and a Ph.D. in Economics from Yale University.[7]
From 1997 to 1999, Meade was the General Director of Financial Planning at the National Commission for the Retirement Savings System. In 1999, he was named Deputy Secretary of Bank Savings Protection at Mexico's Institute for the Protection of Bank Savings. The following year, he became General Director of Banking and Savings at the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit. As Chief Executive Officer of the National Bank for Rural Credit (2002 to 2003), he led the financial restructuring and transition to the new institution that would substitute Banrural: Financiera Rural, where he would serve as Chief Executive Office until 2006.
Felipe Calderón's Administration[edit]
During President Felipe Calderón's administration, Meade served as Chief of Staff to the Secretary of Finance and Public Credit, Undersecretary of Finance and Public Credit, and later on he became a member of the Cabinet, serving as Secretary of Energy,[8] and Secretary of Finance and Public Credit.[9]
Secretary of Energy (2011)[edit]
As Secretary of Energy, Meade implemented the first bidding round for Integrated Exploration and Production Contracts and new ducts that allowed natural gas to reach multiple communities for the first time.[10] Furthermore, he brought electricity to all communities of over 100 inhabitants, promoted a more efficient use of energy and distributed around 50 million energy saving light bulbs.[11]
Secretary of Finance and Public Credit (2011 - 2012)[edit]
Meade was nominated to be Secretary of Finance and Public Credit in 2011.[12] During this time, he led the Ministry throughout Mexico's presidency of the G20, achieving agreements to strengthen the IMF, reduce protectionism and position financial inclusion as a priority. Moreover, he conducted a smooth transition between administrations from different parties with robust growth and stable inflation.
Enrique Peña Nieto's Administration[edit]
Secretary of Foreign Affairs (2012 - 2015)[edit]
The first position he held in President Enrique Peña Nieto's administration was as Secretary of Foreign Affairs, where he broadened the relation with the United States, by creating a framework beyond migration and security, which promoted research, innovation, entrepreneurship and higher education, through the US-Mexico Bilateral Forum on Higher Education, Innovation and Research, and the Mexico-US Entrepreneurship and Innovation Council. Moreover, he improved the access of undocumented migrants in the US to health and education, as well as to key documents such as driving licenses, birth certificates and identification cards. Finally, he normalized diplomatic relations with Cuba and France.[13][14] In 2013, Foreign Policy named him one of the world's most powerful people.[15]
Secretary of Social Development (2015 - 2016)[edit]
As Secretary of Social Development, Meade designed and implemented the National Inclusion Strategy to ensure access by Mexico's poorest to the social services they were legally entitled to have. During his tenure, 2 million people left the ranks of extreme poverty, through the involvement of local governments, businessmen, and civil society.[16] In February 2016, the League of United Latin American Citizens Council No. 12 in Laredo, Texas, U.S., announced that Meade and George P. Bush, the Texas land commissioner, would both receive the titles of "Señor Internacional," a designation used since 1976 to honor distinguished figures in the border region as part of the annual Washington's Birthday Celebration.[17]
Secretary of Finance and Public Credit (2016 - 2017)[edit]
During his second time as Secretary of Finance and Public Credit, two of the world's top rating agencies changed their rating perspective of Mexico from negative to stable, and in 2017 Mexico's economy grew 50% more than expected. Furthermore, he achieved the first primary surplus in 9 years and reduced the debt-to-GDP ratio, for the first time in 10 years. In 2017, he was named Latin America's Finance Minister of the Year by Capital Markets magazine.[18]
2018 Presidential Campaign[edit]
On 9 August 2017, the PRI revised its requirements for presidential candidates, eliminating the requirement that candidates must have 10 years of party membership, and allowing "illustrious" non-party figures to lead the party.[19] This move was seen as benefitting Meade, as he is not a member of the PRI.[19][20] On 27 November 2017, Meade resigned his post as Secretary of Finance and Public Credit and announced he would compete in the 2018 presidential election, representing the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Meade was seen as the safest bet for the party, as his formal non-affiliation and clean public record could distance him from the party's scandals.[21] Meade was formally selected as the PRI's candidate at their convention of delegates on 18 February 2018.[citation needed]
On Election Day, shortly after the polls closed, Meade conceded defeat and wished victor Andrés Manuel López Obrador "every success".[22][23]
Other activities[edit]
He currently serves as non-executive Director of Grupo ALFA, Grupo Comercial Chedraui and he is the first Latin-American to be an Independent non executive Director of HSBC Holdings. Furthermore, he is a board member of the Global Center on Adaptation and the Center for US-Mexico Studies at UC San Diego.
- Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (2015)[24]
- ^ "Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público Directorio". gob.mx. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
- ^ "SIL :: Sistema de Información Legislativa-PopUp Legislador". sil.gobernacion.gob.mx. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
- ^ "USC honors Mexico's Secretary of Foreign Affairs, José Antonio Meade Kuribreña - C. L. Max Nikias - USC". www.president.usc.edu. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
- ^ taquia67 (25 April 2009). "El mundo interior en la escultura de José Kuri Breña". Retrieved 26 June 2018 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Meade in Limerick: Mexican minister researching his Irish roots". Limerick Leader. 2 January 2014. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
- ^ Presencia de México en el mundo libanés Archived 2014-12-10 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "¿Quién es José Antonio Meade Kuribreña?". El Economista.
- ^ SENER Archived 2018-08-18 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
- ^ "José Antonio Meade Kuribreña". Presidencia de la República. 15 January 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013. (in Spanish)
- ^ "¿Quién es José Antonio Meade?". Imagen Radio. 27 November 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ^ ""Luz Sustentable", un proyecto que beneficia a todos". Gobierno de México (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ^ Reuters
- ^ "México-Cuba, una relación renovada y en marcha". La Jornada.
- ^ "México y Francia relanzan relación". Excelsior.
- ^ "The 500 most powerful people on the planet". Foreign Policy.
- ^ "40th annual Senor Internacional announced". Laredo Morning Times. February 6, 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2016.
- ^ "Otorgan a Meade premio al Ministro de Finanzas del Año". Forbes.
- ^ a b Stargardter, Gabriel (10 August 2017). "Mexico ruling party's reform strengthens president ahead of 2018 vote". Retrieved 7 June 2018.
- ^ Webber, Jude (2 May 2018). "Mexico's embattled PRI replaces leader ahead of July election". Financial Times.
- ^ Villegas, Paulina (27 November 2017). "Mexico's Finance Minister Says He'll Run for President". New York Times.
- ^ "Jose Antonio Meade of Mexico's ruling party concedes defeat to Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador in presidential vote". ABC News (USA). 1 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
- ^ "Le deseo el mayor de los éxitos a AMLO: Meade". Excélsior. 1 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
- ^ "Honorary British Awards to Foreign Nationals – 2015" (PDF).
External links[edit]
- Mexican diplomats
- Mexican economists
- 20th-century Mexican lawyers
- Mexican people of Lebanese descent
- Mexican people of Irish descent
- Mexican Secretaries of Energy
- Mexican Secretaries of Finance
- Mexican Secretaries of Foreign Affairs
- Mexican Secretaries of Social Development
- Politicians from Mexico City
- Candidates in the 2018 Mexican presidential election
- Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
- Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México alumni
- 1969 births
- Living people
- People with vitiligo
- National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni
- Yale University alumni
- 21st-century Mexican politicians


text:
FHA homeowners have until February 28th to apply for a payment forbearance
If you're having trouble making your monthly mortgage payment on your FHA loan, there's still time to request help.
Facts to know:
- Single-family borrowers with FHA-insured mortgages have until February 28th to request an initial COVID-19 forbearance.
- Homeowners with FHA-insured mortgages can defer or reduce their mortgage payments for up to six months, with the option to extend an additional six months.
If you're one of the millions of Americans with a single-family FHA loan and facing financial hardship, the good news is that there's still time to request an initial forbearance on your loan payments, which can provide financial relief for up to 360 days.
FHA homeowners have been hit hard by the ongoing pandemic, with the number of FHA loans in delinquency reaching its highest rate in nine years by mid-2020. Given the difficulties many Americans continue to face, the FHA is helping homeowners by allowing them to apply for an initial COVID-19 forbearance until the end of February.
Keep in mind that forbearance is not the same thing as loan forgiveness. With a forbearance, you'll still need to pay back what you owe, although you have several options for tackling the missed payments when the forbearance period is over.
Should you put your FHA loan into forbearance?
If you're having difficulty keeping up with your monthly payments, directly or indirectly because of the pandemic, forbearance can provide much-needed relief. Even a single missed payment is considered a breach of your mortgage agreement and can have negative consequences, including:
- Being reported to the credit bureaus.
- Having your credit rating damaged.
- Being charged expensive late fees.
While your lender is not likely to do anything if you miss one payment, missing two or more payments could cause your lender to take action against you, including foreclosure. But if you're at risk of missing even a single payment, forbearance may be a smart option.
How to apply for a FHA mortgage forbearance
While the FHA encourages borrowers to keep making payments if they're able to, help is available for those who are struggling financially. According to HUD, here's what you need to do to request a FHA forbearance:
- Contact your mortgage servicer as soon as possible to request a loan forbearance. Your lender's contact information can be found on your monthly mortgage statement.
- Use your lender's website or email as a primary method of communication and be patient, as servicers are facing an unusually large volume of requests at the moment.
However you approach it, be proactive and don't wait until the last minute to apply for a forbearance. Help is available, but lenders will be forced to take action if you don't communicate with them.
Are there any alternatives to forbearance?
Yes, there are options to mortgage forbearance, although the option that might work best for you depends on your circumstances.
- Loan modification. If you're still able to make your payments to some degree, you could consider a loan modification. A loan modification can be used to change your loan, for example, by increasing the term of your loan to decrease your monthly payment.
- Use a partial claim. According to Nolo Law, a partial claim is an interest-free loan from HUD that you use to make overdue payments, and the loan doesn't have to be paid back until your mortgage is paid off.
- Short-sell the property. If you want to get rid of the property, you could sell your property in a short-sale situation, where the lender accepts less than what the property is worth but the loan is considered paid in full.
- Deed in lieu of foreclosure. As a very last resort, you can give your lender the deed to your home in lieu of foreclosure. In this case, the lender takes ownership of your home, and you avoid having a foreclosure on your record.
Image: Getty


text: Alejo Salcedo is an artist from Washington DC, exploring the intersection of food, art, and medicine. Alejo received his Printmaking degree at Guilford College in 2015, working closely with printmakers like Roy Nydorf, John Gall, and Bill Fick. Alejo has been involved in the public art space for the past 10 years, interning with artist Byron Peck in Washington DC and working with the Greensboro Mural Project cooperative in North Carolina. He has painted public and private murals around the US and abroad. In 2017 he began practicing tattooing, with an emphasis on experience and collaboration. Beyond a visual art practice, Alejo seeks to live a creative lifestyle through an interactive existence with the natural landscape.


text:
In August, lovers of the links celebrate National Golf Month. Here in Hampton Roads, where one can find several beautiful courses for year-round play, we would argue that every month is Golf Month for the avid golfer. This sport, in particular, is apt to accommodate the needs of outdoor enthusiasts during this time. It's a socially distant activity and good exercise.
If health concerns and/or lack of opportunity have left your clubs leaning against a doorframe, however, you should consider storing your them in a safe place. Tidewater Drive Storage Center, with its recently expanded facilities, offers different-sized self-storage units in Norfolk for seasonal and sports equipment, furniture, and other personal items. If you're taking a break from golf this summer – be it due to injury or military deployment – self-storage is a viable solution.
Here are a few things to know when you bring in your clubs, so they're ready for your next game.
- Make sure everything is cleaned. Go over your clubs, wedges, putters, and balls and clear away the dirt and grass. Use a hand vacuum to clean the inside of your bag as well. Dirty equipment left alone for any length of time may rust. If you store other things in your unit, you also don't want to introduce bugs bacteria into the space.
- Rent a climate-controlled unit. At home, golf clubs endure wear and tear. They may linger in car trunks or on outdoor patios. Over time, grips become smooth and bags tear. When not in use, a climate-controlled space provides a safe environment for your equipment. Make any repairs – new grip tape, etc. – before storage so your clubs look fresh on retrieval.
- Store your golf cart. There's room for your golf cart in self-storage, too. If yours is gas-powered, be sure it has a full tank before you bring it in.
Have questions about using Norfolk self-storage for golf clubs or other sports equipment? We offer military discounts and a special first month's rent for one dollar to new tenants. Contact us today to see if you qualify.


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Virtual Personal Training Sessions
You have experienced working from home, connecting with family over video calls and even ordered groceries online. Now you would like the experience of working out with a Fitness Plus personal trainer from home. That is possible with our virtual personal training sessions.
How it works.
Schedule a Free Consultation.Are you ready to see if a Fitness Plus trainer is right for you? Set up a FREE consultation with one of our trainers.
Contact us email : firstname.lastname@example.com call : 859.269.9280.
Book Your Session.At the end of your consultation, book the first session with your trainer. Your trainer will give you all the information you will need to be ready. This will include:
- What equipment you will need for the session.
- The video service used to join the workout.
- How to set up your home space to optimize the experience.
This is a private one-to-one training experience.This virtual workout is not like other online workout services you will find.
It is with one of Fitness Plus' educated and experienced personal trainers. This means that you can have the same training experience as you would at the Fitness Plus studio, from the comfort of your home.


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2021-07-31 20:12:06 2021-07-30 11:56:30 2021-07-30 11:56:30 9717
Dance like nobody is watching (and post a video of it)
Post your dance videos in the comments..
For the latest from OVERWERK visit : https://www.overwerk.comTo share your support, please comment, like, & subscribe :https://instagram.com/overwerkhttps://...YouTube
like this
Frederik "ace`r`us" Bleiwurst and Stefan Mader like this.
actually... no video comments possible.. well.. who cares.. JUST DANCE!
Yea. Links and YT. I thought of video uploads of you, dancing. (To the sound i posted)
Frederik "ace`r`us" Bleiwurst likes this.
well at the moment the size for uploads is limited to 16mb, i have to switch the assets store from db to filesystem before i can allow more. will do it after the next update.
like this
Ole Zoeger and Frederik "ace`r`us" Bleiwurst like this.


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Cheap 150X900mm Matte Bathroom Tiles Wholesale
Hanseceramictile.com is China's wholesale 150x900mm matte bathroom tiles supplier & manufacturer, providing durable and quality 150x900mm matte bathroom tiles at low price. There are 7 150x900mm matte bathroom tiles products in total. The average price for 150x900mm matte bathroom tiles is range from 6.6 USD to 10 USD. So, if you're budget-conscious, you can definitely choose Hanse tiles, buy 150x900mm matte bathroom tiles for sale and ceramic tiles for sale and can update your space at a very affordable price. Get start transform any room in your house with this wide range of affordable 150x900mm matte bathroom tiles from China.
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Tristan GIRARD
The ceramic tile has been received, and the logistics department has carefully packed it in good condition. Fine workmanship, no difference in diagonal, very good anti-skid effect. smooth. The color of the tiles is beautiful, marble is the anti slip quota, and the sellers are also awesome.
Cameron West
The color is very high, bright, no flaws, cheaper than other brands of ceramic tiles, looking forward to the effect. Tile floor tiles received, no damage, intact. The quality is very good. I am very satisfied with the thickness, hardness, flatness and smoothness of the floor tiles. I would like to praise the seller.
José Alexandre Aguiar Santos
I am very satisfied with the effect of the black ceramic tile adhesive. I have a sense of achievement. The ceramic tile is of good quality and wear-resistant. There is no trace on it. It looks beautiful and generous. Thank Hanse!
Received the tiles, the quality is particularly good, the delivery is fast, the seller's service is good, the logistics is fast, the cost-effective is high, good, received the tiles, the quality is good, very thick, I particularly like the pattern, the color is good, the shop is very tall on the feeling.
I'm afraid that I will break it later. There will be a big white spot in the middle of the floor. I have bought more than 200 square feet. I'm impressed how easy it is to cut and lay the tiles. The quality of the tiles is very good. The anti-skid atmosphere is great. The tiles are received without any damage.
Includes a photo for a small bathroom, random layout, 1 \ / 8 "spacing and grouting also fromHanse's Mapei flexcolor CQ 1 gallon light almond acrylic premixed grouting
Dylan skinner
It's not easy for me to buy a tile. The first time I sent the tile to the wrong place in the logistics, the second time I found a temporary worker because there were no workers, but the cost was that they subsidized a little. It's fair to say that the whole process was coordinated by customer service. After a lot of ups and downs, I received the goods. Thank customer service. The process was not easy, but I was satisfied as a whole. I placed an order until I received the goods I'm very grateful for the service. Tile good floor tile thick wear-resistant and very solid satisfied.
I've paid attention to the orders that my family has only made for several months, but now I've just made them. I dare not buy such a big thing on the Internet. When I started to consult, I didn't pack mail. I was not comfortable at all. I went to other people's houses to ask about them. They didn't pack mail... Customer service explained that ceramic tiles are heavy objects. They send them to logistics. According to the receiving area, they collect logistics fees. They reported the freight and calculated it by themselves, which is also affordable. They started to tell customer service that they would pick up the goods from the logistics company. Later, they felt that it was troublesome to pick up the goods. When the goods arrived, they told logistics that they would pay more than 100 yuan for delivery. I haven't found any damage at present. I'll see it later when I pave it. Tile sellers deliver goods very quickly, not bad.
In general, tiles look beautiful after installation, cleaning and resealing, but I don't recommend the inexperienced diy'er to do so, you have to know that this requires a little extra effort when working with slate tiles
Dan Crawford
The 30 square foot tailgate took the whole weekend, not half a day. It looks great. Most of our guests don't notice the edge gap, but we know where they are


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The DH-6900DB-MB Sterling Matte Black Deadbolt is a great complementary product to our Sterling Entry Levers. Features a simple, modern look and is sturdy enough to withstand kicks and other forced entry.
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General Motors is bringing Hummer back in 2021, but there's a major twist. The name will denote a model, not a stand-alone brand, and it will be part of the GMC lineup. And, instead of slurping gasoline, it will guzzle watts. The first new Hummer in over a decade will arrive as a rugged GMC-badged pickup that runs exclusively on electricity.
We should have seen the GMC Hummer by now, but the ongoing coronavirus pandemic delayed its global debut. It's now tentatively scheduled to break cover before the end of 2020, and it will enter production in Detroit the following year. While we wait, here is everything we know about the truck and the SUV it's expected to spawn.
What is it?
GMC's electric Hummer will arrive as a four-door pickup developed primarily for adventure, not for construction sites. In spirit, it's much closer to the Jeep Gladiator your buddy takes off-roading every weekend than to the Ford F-450 your local utility company uses to fix a power line. It's aimed directly at the upcoming Rivian R1T.
Although we haven't seen the truck in the metal yet, the dark preview image published by GMC suggests its front end puts a futuristic spin on the design language that characterized Hummer's models during the 2020s. It wears thin, horizontal LED headlights that stretch into a back-lit piece of trim separated by seven vertical slats. Interestingly, GMC could have used Jeep's prized seven-slot grille for its Hummer; the two companies are linked by common roots.
We don't know what the rest of the truck looks like, and its dimensions are still shrouded in secrecy. All we can add is that the truck is widely expected to spawn an SUV shortly after it arrives in showrooms.
What's it like inside?
GMC confirmed the Hummer will be available with removable roof panels. It won't be a full convertible — it doesn't look like users will be able to leave the full structure behind — but the top part of the roof will come off in at least four separate pieces to let the light in. It's a cool feature reminiscent of the soft top that was available on the gigantic H1 during the 2000s. There's no word yet on whether the removable roof will be standard or if it will cost extra.
What's under the sheet metal?
General Motors president Mark Reuss shed light on the Hummer's technical specifications during a presentation made to investors in early 2020. He didn't reveal too much, but it was enough for us to piece together key details.
"We'll have one-, two-, and three-motor versions offering different ranges, different performance, and different price points to meet customers wherever they may be. If the customer wants a basic package, we'll have that. If the customer wants true off-road capability, and towing capability, we'll have that, too," he affirmed.
His comments sketch an outline of a relatively comprehensive range of models built around the same Ultium battery technology General Motors is developing in-house. Driving range, charging times, and battery pack capacity remain under wraps, but GMC previously confirmed the flagship version will offer no less than 1,000 horsepower and a three-second sprint from zero to 60mph. Slower (and, consequently, cheaper) models will be part of the lineup, too.
When can I buy one?
GMC will introduce the Hummer during the second half of 2020, and production is scheduled to start in the fall of 2021, meaning the truck will be branded a 2022 model when it arrives in showrooms. It's not unreasonable to speculate buyers who want to secure an early build slot will be able to reserve the truck online by sending the company a refundable deposit; that seems to be par for the course when it comes to hotly anticipated new vehicles.
General Motors will completely retool its Detroit-Hamtramck plant to manufacture the Hummer as well as electric models sold by some of the other brands it owns. The facility built the Chevrolet Impala until February 2020.
What happened to Hummer?
General Motors announced plans to sell Hummer to China-based Sichuan Tengzhong Heavy Industrial Machinery on the day after it filed for bankruptcy in 2009. Although details about the transaction remained private, sources hinted the Chinese were preparing to pay $150 million for the brand, which was a major bargain for a turn-key automaker with an established global reputation and several models in its portfolio. The negotiations stalled when the Chinese government vetoed the sale largely because it didn't want a name associated with heavy, gas-guzzling SUVs moving within its borders at a time when it was making significant efforts to improve air quality in its cities.
Sichuan Tengzhong Heavy Industrial Machinery allegedly attempted to buy Hummer via an offshore company to avoid summoning a dark cloud of disapproval from Beijing-based lawmakers, but General Motors was in a rush and the transaction couldn't be completed in time. Left with no additional options, Hummer shut down in 2010.
Editors' Recommendations
- Rivian R1T gets estimated 410 miles of range with Dual-Motor powertrain, Max Pack battery
- Tesla's charger won. What EV buyers and owners need to know about NACS
- Tesla Cybertruck prototype spotted with minor changes
- GMC poured all of its truck-making expertise into the Sierra EV pickup
- 2023 Kia Niro EV first drive review: Practical doesn't have to bore you to tears


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Google News Optimization: 13 Common Mistakes and How to Avoid ThemUnwrapping the Secrets of SEO Time to read: 18 minNews articles from publishers draw a lot traffic from the Google News Box and Google Discover. We show you how to optimize and what mistakes you should avoid.Read More
Online Publishing: Challenges and Opportunities of DigitizationMemo to the Modern Marketer Time to read: 17 minNewspapers and publishers are facing a multitude of new challenges in the digital age. Where is the industry currently and what do publishers need to prepare for in the future?Read More
Google penalizes Voucher Sites from PublishersIndustry News and Trends Time to read: 19 minPublishers often integrate white-label solutions from large voucher platforms. A win-win situation or should Google be doing something about this tactic?Read More


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- News
- 2 min read
As resolutions get delayed, banks put up Rs 1.3 lakh crore of bad loans on sale to ARCs
Around 70% of the cases admitted to NCLT have missed the deadline set by the IBC.
Mumbai: Banks have put up nearly Rs 1.3 lakh crore of bad loans for sale to asset reconstruction firms (ARC) in the last fiscal, amid delays and legal challenges in cases admitted for resolution in the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) under the bankruptcy code.
State Bank of India, Central Bank of India and numerous other banks have decided to sell these assets that would require lesser provisioning and reduce the hassle of long litigation in the NCLT, said people familiar with the thinking.
"There was an acceleration in assets put up for sale by banks to the ARCs in March FY19 quarter," said Hari Hara Mishra, director, UV ARC. "Among others, in view of protracted litigation in some large cases under IBC and consequent time overrun, the banks wanted to get a clean exit and reduce the NPAs in their books."
The record filings in those courts have also burdened the system, leading to long waits for the resolution plans to get approved. It also consumes bank's time which would have otherwise been spent on growing its business.
Estimates show that Bank of India and State Bank of India had around Rs 25,000 crore to Rs 30,000 crore on the block, while Andhra and Dena were around Rs 10,000 crore.
Around 70% of the cases that are admitted to NCLT have missed the deadline set by the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of 270 days. The numbers also went up because in the fourth quarter, State Bank of India had put its entire loan to Essar Steel on sale. SBI had put up Rs 9,588 crore Essar Steel on the block after almost reaching resolution as the process was taking too long. It went on for over 500 days while the maximum stipulated was 270 days.
Based on the data for all 94 cases resolved under the insolvency resolution process till the fourth quarter, financial creditors faced a haircut of 52%, said Kotak Institutional Equities. The premium received on resolution (2X of liquidation value) compared to opportunity cost on liquidation is high but decreasing sequentially.
"The haircut on resolved cases in the fourth quarter was high at 90% (barring Essar Steel) but this was owing to an 83% haircut observed in a large account -- Alok industries," the Kotak report said. "The average premium to liquidation value was high at 1.5X for accounts resolved in the fourth quarter."


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It also names Colin Dexter, Ian Rankin, PD James, Lynda La Plante, Val McDermid and Ruth Rendell as the six best crime writers working today. Interesting - I rather thought Colin Dexter had stopped writing with the demise of Morse.
ITV3 Crime Thriller AwardsITV3 today announces a six-week Crime Thriller Season, leading up to the first ever televised ITV3 Crime Thriller Awards, which promises to be a glamorous star studded occasion, celebrating crime and thriller fiction from film, TV and books.
ITV3 Crime Thriller Awards will also celebrate crime fiction off the page with awards focusing on the greatest crime and thriller films and TV drama of the year – along with the actors who brought the characters to life......
Running up to the glittering ITV3 Crime Thriller Awards will be six weeks of the greatest of crime dramas. Each week will begin with a specially commissioned documentary profiling the six best crime writers working today. The six authors who have been chosen are Colin Dexter, Ian Rankin, PD James, Lynda La Plante, Val McDermid and Ruth Rendell. Viewers of ITV3 will then be able to vote between these authors to select the author who will win the first ITV3 Award for Classic TV Crime Drama.
The documentaries will introduce the viewers to the personalities behind the shows, their writing methods, and the fabulous lifestyles their success has bought them. Each documentary will be followed by the very best episodes of the crime shows that came from these great writers.
In detailed interviews we will learn how they create their mysteries, what makes them tick and uncover the secrets of what it takes to be a truly great crime writer. We will follow them around the places they write about and discover what research goes into their creations.
Does anybody know when this will happen?


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if our house burns down, you'll know why...
MK: oh, hey, there was something I was going to ask you about... but I've forgotten what it was...
RTO: must have been very important.
RTO: or a lie.
MK: oh yeah!
MK: no, no, it's not that. you see. um... Where does the dryer vent go?
RTO: um. that's a good question.
MK: it's just I've seen a couple things lately about cleaning that out or risking all the fluff exploding into flame eventually. and then I think, I don't know where it is outside.
RTO: dunno
Labels: meandering


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Did I mention it was over 100 degrees this past weekend? D is not into getting wet, but we managed to trick him a couple times into walking thru the sprinkler to cool off… we sat outside for as long as we could stand it.
Here he is covering his ears to protect them from a low-flying airplane (he is very sensitive to sudden loud noises).
Swimtrunks courtesy of Otto (Maddy–can you believe D still fits into this stuff??)
Turns out D doesn't like the heat, anymore than we do. After he ate his snack, he decided it was time to hit the road and get out of his hot back yard…


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When I was a kid I went to a small elementary school in Los Angeles. In an area most people outside of L.A. would call "ghetto". It's not, but whatever. One of the main rooms where we all learned/played had a huge window. It was a wall to wall, floor to ceiling window. Across the street was a building that I don't remember anyone ever walking in or out of, and next to it a liquor store.
One day me (7 or 8), my younger sister (5 or 6), and a room full of children were playing around. I was playing marbles or pogs, I sincerely can't remember. I looked up from my game and saw a guy walking with a girl and another girl quickly approaching them. I couldn't make out what they were saying, but you could see the anger from the woman who was alone being directed at the man and woman walking together. I'm not sure what words were exchanged, but the man waved her off and attempted to continue walking on. The girl stop him from moving on and then struck him.
He pulled out a gun and blew the back of her head out. It was the first time I saw someone killed (unfortunately, it wasn't the last). The teachers swarmed into the room and put us all on the floor. But, I couldn't stop seeing it. Over and over. The back of her head exploding and becoming a red something I'd never seen. Her body falling to the floor. The guy running away. The other girl looked like she was screaming.
It was surreal. Almost like it didn't happen. I can still see it happening. I can't recall anything else about that day or the fallout of it.
I'm being 100% honest.
My mother worked as a nurse during the night shift at a hospital in Sydney. She said the other nurses who'd been there a while would tell stories about mysterious unexplained events during the night shift like things disappearing or people in comas sitting bolt upright and talking to the nurses fit a few seconds before returning to their comatose state.
She thought it was all bullshit until one night she saw an elderly patient who'd been bedridden for months walking purposefully past her door towards the elevators. She called her name and jumped up to check on her but she wasn't there. She and a colleague checked on the patients room to find she had passed away only moments before. My mum's not easily shaken, she was mostly just intrigued.


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Through decades of experience providing accounting, auditing and advisory services to health care and public sector entities across Texas, Weaver understands the complexities and nuances of not-for-profit and governmental financial reporting.
Our team's broad knowledge enables us to understand your operations, priorities and key risks over time. You receive not only efficient, cost-effective services, but also practical, relevant and valuable recommendations from day one.
Anna Stevens
Partner-in-Charge, Health Care Services
For more than 10 years, Anna Stevens, CPA, CHFP, has provided accounting services to …


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Handsome and functional pen case. Made of blue velvet with gold trim and a blue velvet interior, this case is hinged and opens smoothly to reveal your pen or pencil. Great as a gift package for that special occasion, or to keep you pen or pencil safe and protected.
Holds either a single pen or pencil. If you need a larger box that can accommodate two pens or pencils, see our black or brown velvet cases.
Inside approximate dimensions: 6 x 2 x 9/16 inches
Outside approximate dimensions: 6 8/32 x 2 7/32 x 1 inches


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KEK Theory Workshop is an annual workshop on string theory and quantum field theory. Since KEK Theory Workshop 2014, it has been held as an international workshop. Speakers are invited from abroad as well as from Japan, and all talks are given in English.
We hope the workshop provides a valuable opportunity to have active discussions and inspiration on various fundamental problems in theoretical physics related to superstrings, supersymmetric gauge theories, black hole physics, quantum field theories, condensed matter physics, and so on.
This year, in the light of COVID-19, we have decided to hold the workshop ONLINE from Dec. 7 (Tue.) to Dec. 9 (Thu.) in JST (UTC+9). This year, we plan to have a variety of talks on string theory looking ahead to the post-LHC era.
The tentative list of invited speakers is:
- Lara Anderson (Virginia Tech.)
- Ignatios Antoniadis (LPTHE)
- Jonathan Mboyo Esole (Northeastern U.)
- Hiroshi Itoyama (Osaka City U.)
- Tatsuo Kobayashi (Hokkaido U.)
- Susha Parameswaran (U. of Liverpool)
- Stuart Raby (Ohio State U.)
We will also have short talks with (15+5) minutes. Participants can apply for the talk at the registration. The topics to be discussed in the short talks can be chosen from field theory and string theory, and need not be related to the topic of invited talks. If there are too many applicants, we will have to make some selection. Some of the talks may be given in parallel sessions.
Registration deadline
Those who wish to apply for a short talk: Nov. 7 (Sun.)
Other participants: Nov. 30 (Tue.)
The registration will be closed when the number of the applicants exceeds 300, which is the capacity of our Zoom meeting room.
NOTE: We will use the virtual meeting rooms on Zoom. The necessary information (links, IDs, and passcodes) will be sent to the participants by E-mail before the workshop starts.
We are looking forward to your participation.
Yu Hamada, Kohta Hatakeyama, Machiko Hatsuda, Yoshimasa Hidaka, Mitsuaki Hirasawa,
Satoshi Iso, Yusuke Kimura, Yoshihisa Kitazawa, Shun'ya Mizoguchi, Makoto Natsuume,
Jun Nishimura, Hajime Otsuka, Katsuta Sakai, Kengo Shimada, Ryo Yokokura
Yuko Ohno (Ms.) yukoohno[at]post.kek.jp
(Please replace [at] with @.)


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South Link Tyres Ltd. based on Mill Lane, Centre Park Road (beside the Docks) in Cork City have been in business for over 16 years. Headed up by local man Jim Decoursey, who himself has many years experience in the tyre trade, South Link Tyres can and will cater for all your tyre needs.
Mill Lane, Centre Park Road,
Cork City
M: 086 8241554 (Jim) 097 6215022 (Gavin)
View South Link Tyres Ltd in a larger map


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Circle Necklace
Save Liquid error (snippets/product-badge line 32): Computation results in '-Infinity'%
This necklace is a very simple & easy to wear piece. The circle pendant is made from a medium weight wire. It has been shaped, soldered, then textured, to create an open design. The texture is subtle but enough to catch the light and make an interesting, attractive surface.
Made from Sterling Silver.
The chain is a fine trace chain that again, adds to the comfortable nature of the piece.
Supplied on an 18 inch chain - other options available upon request.


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Bike races and bike stories in Tollywood are a rarity these days. The last time we had a movie involving a bike was Krish Jagarlamudi's Gamyam (2008,) which included a 'bike' as a living character.
Now, we have a movie named RajDooth, which is about a bike. This time, it is a suspense thriller. Another interesting aspect of RajDooth is, it marks the debut of late actor Srihari's son, Meghmash.
Movie Details:
Cast: Meghamsh, Nakshatra, Kota Srinivasa Rao, Manobala and Anish Kuruvilla
Director: Arjun Gunnala and Karthik
Music: Varun Sunil
Camera: Vidya Sagar Chinta
Sanjay (Maghamsh) is a happy go lucky guy who is least bothered about his family. His only interest in life is his girlfriend Priya (Nakshatra.) However, Priya's father (Anish Kuruvilla) does not like the lazy, laid back attitude of Sanjay, hence he detests his daughter's relationship with Sanjay. However, Sanjay persists with his efforts to win the heart of Priya's father. Seeing the efforts of Sanjay, Priya's father puts forth a condition which Sanjay has to fulfill to marry Priya—Sanjay should bring back a Rajdoot bike, a family possession which was stolen years ago. Sanjay can marry Priya only after the bike is returned to Priya's family. What trials and tribulations Sanjay endures to bring back the bike forms the crux of the story.
RajDooth is a breezy entertainer, which focuses on boyhood escapes. Meghamsh suits the role of a laid back boy in his teenage, ready to do anything for his ladylove, quite well. Nakshatra, a Telugu girl, performs well in her role as Priya, with the innocence which the role requires.
RajDooth is mainly driven by the visual images of Meghamsh going from place to place to trace the bike. The supporting cast, including veterans like Kota Srinivasa Rao, Anish Kuruvilla and Manobala, are apt for their roles. The movie is an ensemble one in reality, which focuses on the youth and their lifestyle.
RajDooth is a one time watch, for its bike driven story. It is also a treat for late Srihari's fans, who come to theatres to watch Meghamsh.
Watch Telugu Full Movies Here:
Latest Telugu Movies
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