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These are the records of the Aston le Walls Pocket Park from the beginning; with photographs, records of meetings and awards, as kept by Sue Ball.
If you would like to add any comments, observations or even images of your own, please use our Comments page. Hope you find it interesting!
Daisy Bank Pocket Park
Aston le Walls has very few of the open air amenities which one almost expects to find in a rural community. There is no village green, no playing field; there are no wooded areas and only a few footpaths. Indeed all the footpaths cross arable land or intensively farmed grassland. Despite being a small community surrounded by countryside there is nowhere in which the local people can have contact with nature. Daisy Bank Pocket Park provides a place to enjoy the countryside and relieve some of life's stress with some glorious views, particularly of the sunset over the Avon Dassett Hills; a refuge for wildlife from modern agriculture and the opportunity for local people to learn about and become involved in conservation and ecology in a practical way. It also provides a safe place for children to play.
The project started in Summer 1993 when the Parish Council looked at a small area of land originally purchased by the County Council for a road straightening scheme which did not take place. It is approximately a 500 metre strip starting at the Aston end as grass and shrub roadside verge, widening through a mixed bush and small tree area to a small field some 25 metres wide. The land drops from this field 2 to 3 metres into a disused railway cutting and a second much longer field to a thicket and beyond is an area of building waste and scrub. The land is also on a noticeable slope, steeper at the Aston end.
A Management group was set up with the invaluable help of Sue Paice, NCC Pocket Parks Officer, to run the park after the Parish Council had been granted a 20 year lease.
A management plan and work programme were drawn up.
Practical work to date has concentrated on providing good access including a path through the mixed bush area and steps down the railway embankment. Whilst an enthusiastic, small number of people have carried out most of the tasks, for the laying of the path, which is of local Hornton stone, a good size band of helped and two local businesses, Twyford Seeds and West Hill Farms helped with free supply of materials and plant (a digger).
A quantity of wild daffodils bulbs and wood anemone rhizomes have also been planted by volunteers and children of the local school. Other work completed includes tree and hedge planting. For the tree planting day in January 1995 we had a keen turn out of about 50 villagers who came to plant native trees and record their efforts. A local farmer ploughed the line for the hedge which was planted on the same day.
Our greatest success was the official opening in July 1994 when almost the entire village, as well as some children and their families from outside the village but who attend the school, came along to watch a ceremonial tree planting; the handing over of a bench given by the W.I.; take part in a nature quiz and enjoy 'Christening cake' cut during the Teddy Bear's picnic.
We have substantial plans and have augmented our NCC, Countryside Commission, SNC, Parish Council grants of £4,500 with a Rural Action grant of £756 which is specifically for a pond construction training day. Our pond will be about 6 x 3.6 meters. The hole will be dug at half price by a villager with his own digger. The B.T.C.V. will provide the trainer and we hope to lay a P.V.C. liner, fill the pond and plant it all on Sunday 14th May. We have been promised help by many villagers.
We have also ordered 480 wild flower 'plug plants' from B.T.C.V. for planting later this year, probably during B.T. Environment Week. There are 30 different plants each of 16 different species which will be split between keen gardeners in the Parish to pot up and grow on for eight weeks.
There will be more benches this year too. We hope these will be constructed, using materials provided by the Park, by villagers.
Next year we are hoping to plant more trees and perhaps a Hazel coppice which, it has been suggested, would provide income for the Park from the production of bean sticks for sale to the public. It would also provide etherings [flexible rods for the construction of hedges] for the laying of hedges in future years.
We have still to decide the best future for the area of builders tip at the Northern end of Daisy Bank.
Eventually we will have a circuitous path to add extra dimension and interest.
The Park over the coming years will continue to provide a teaching aid for the village school; whose staff and pupils already visit on a regular basis and who designed our logo. When the path is finished it will provide a walker's route from the edge of the village along the side of the Welsh Road to a safe place to rejoin the road. It is at the moment a very dangerous route to walk.
Our hope, as Daisy Bank matures, is to provide a place of natural beauty and peace and diversity of wildlife which most of modern England can no longer sustain, of which Astonians can say 'This is ours, we've made something lovely from very little and it makes us happy to spend time here'. People already do this. Even on a cold, dull Sunday afternoon in winter.
Daisy Bank Pocket Park
Management Plan
To develop and maintain the site as a wildlife area for use by the local community including the school.
The site extends approximately 0.5 km along the Western side of the Aston le Walls / Lower Boddington Road commencing at the junction of this road with Blacksmiths Lane. The Ordinance Survey Map Reference is OS Sheet 151 1:50 000 Second series SP 494 513. The area of the site is approximately 1½ acres.
The land is owned by Northamptonshire County Council and is leased from them by Aston le Walls Parish Council.
A footpath is to be provided by the Management Team and helpers from the corner of Blacksmiths Lane and Welsh Road. The footpath is to be 1 meter wide and 1 meter from the edge of the road. This will lead to a suitable entry point to the site as near to the village as possible. It is also hoped to provide an access point near to the Northernmost end of the site also onto the Welsh Road.
This footpath has to be provided as a requirement of the change of use Planning Consent granted by the District Council.
The site is bordered to the East and North by minor lanes and to the South and West by Pasture land.
The land was acquired by Northamptonshire County Council for possible road improvements. The site is bisected by a disused railway cutting, the embankments and bridge of which are still present and will affect the development of the site. The bridge may, at some time in the future, be removed or altered.
The Eastern half of the site is reported to have supported several mature elm trees which had to be removed due to Dutch elm disease. The Western half of the site has been used for pasture for a number of years.
The site is long and narrow – see accompanying maps. It also slopes away from the eastern edge steadily to the Railway and again from the Railway to the western boundary. This gives good views across the countryside to the West and South. The site is fairly dry with moister areas on the railway line and to the east of it. At certain time of the year there is a small amount of water flowing along the edge of the railway cutting, crossing the site from North to South. The soil has an approximate Ph of 7.5.
As it stands the site is a mixture of woodland and poor pastureland, bisected by the railway cutting which is used occasionally as a farm access. The woodland consists predominantly of a number of young elm trees, at present still healthy, with undergrowth of Blackthorn, Hawthorn and Elder. There are some mature hedges with bramble and dog rose evident.
The pasture and open areas are mostly a mixture of perennial grasses, nettles and other common herbaceous perennials, although a full evaluation has not yet been possible. The surface of the Railway cutting has been damaged by tractors or other vehicles, but at the edges is a ditch area with standing / slightly running water which may support some semi aquatic species. Above the cutting are patchy hedges.
Although few bird or mammal species have been recorded so far, it is felt that these will be noted as the seasons change and as the noisy and disturbing work on the site becomes less.
The greater part of Daisy Bank has not been used by the public at all in previous years and the North Western part of the site has only been used by local farmers for stock grazing. Therefore the opening up of this site will provide a place of interest for the whole of the local community.
At the present time we have coppice and pasture land present on the site and by providing a pond, hopefully with marginal wet land, the interest and value of the site will be greatly increased.
Access to, and within, Daisy Bank needs to be provided with a path being made available from the edge of the village (Blacksmiths Lane) to the main point of entry to the site as specified in the Planning Consent issued by the District Council. We hope the paths and accesses will be suitable for use by wheelchair users. Crushed and rolled stone paths will be laid within the coppice areas with mown grass paths within the pasture areas. It is planned to provide a point of access at the northern end of the site at some time in the future.
An increase in wildlife needs to be encouraged by improving their habitats. This will be achieved by traditional management of the woodland and hedges, some clearing of nettles and brambles and introduction of new local species of trees, hedging, grassland plants, marsh and water plants. Bird and bat boxes will be provided.
The amenity value of Daisy Bank for the Community and Education will be improved by providing a pond with dipping platform, benches at strategic viewing points, steps and handrail from pasture to railway cutting and an information board at the site entrance.
Our objectives for the whole of the site over a five year period are presented on our Task Schedule.
Daisy Bank Pocket Park Diary
May 20th 1993
The first meeting between the Northamptonshire Pocket Parks representatives and the Aston le Walls Parish Council representatives, was held at the proposed site, on May 20th 1992.
Those present were:-
Sue Paice Northants Pocket Parks
Ray Vessey Northants Highways Department
Marcus Williams Aston le Walls Parish Council
Beryl Chinneck Aston le Walls Parish Council
The main topics for discussion at this meeting were a) the possibilities for vehicular access, b) potential impact of the road bridge infill and c) the possibilities and issues surrounding the Parish Council gaining a lease for the land.
June 24th 1993
Sue Paice gave a presentation at the Aston le Walls Village Hall, which was aimed at explaining the principles behind establishing Pocket Parks in Northamptonshire and to assess the level of support that the locals would give to such a scheme on the proposed site in the Village.
To assist the presentation, Sue made use of a display board and several slides, showing what could be achieved under such schemes.
July 22nd 1993
A site meeting was called for by Ms Sue Paice on July 22nd 1993. At this meeting, the site was viewed by the attending group, who managed to establish an entrance into the top meadow.
The site comprised of an impenetrable top woodland 'verge' ranging from just a couple of yards wide, to approximately 7 yards wide, whereupon it opened out into the top meadow which was a mixture of various grasses, nettles and brambles, extending approximately 10 to 12 yards wide by 25 yards long, with a bank leading up to the road along its length. At the end of the top meadow, there was a steep bank leading down to the Railway embankment, which was the location of the arched road bridge. Beyond the Railway embankment, was the lower meadow which appeared to be mainly grasses grazed short by sheep. This meadow was larger than the upper meadow, extending approximately 15 to 20 yards wide by 70 to 80 yards long, again with a bank leading up to the road along its length. At the bottom of this meadow, there was a small wooded area, signifying the boundary of the site.
Towards the end of this site meeting, Sue Paice suggested that the group should appoint a Management Committee who would be charged with organising the reclamation and maintenance of the site into a functioning Pocket Park for the community.
Management Committee members 'volunteered' were:-
Chairman Mr D Wall
Secretary Mrs S Ball
Treasurer Mr D Gill
Tools & Equipment Mr D Germany
Publicity & Artwork Mr T Brand
Additional Members Mr M Williams
Mrs P Markham
July 23rd 1993
An initial entrance was cut into the upper wooded area, approximately ¾ of the way along its length, from which fairly easy access into the Upper Meadow could be gained.
Cutting this entrance involved removing areas of bramble and nettles, several yards deep, which immediately resulted in the generation of large amounts of 'green' waste, which had to be stored. It was therefore an obvious decision that the compost heap should be placed in this area, at least whilst the clearing of vegetation was in progress.
Upon completion of the rough clearing of this area, Terry Brand used his powered rotary mower to take all of the nettle and bramble stalks down to ground level, to assist movement in this area.
July 24th 1993
The first 'Saturday Afternoon' work party gathered to complete the clearing of an access into the Upper Meadow. This involved the removal of one small tree, and sufficient low hanging branches to enable comfortable passage into the Upper Meadow. There was also a path cut into a large Bramble patch which was obstructing access.
In addition, a broken barbed wire fence was found, complete with wooden posts, lying across the access path. This was extracted and placed temporarily near the compost heap.
The paths around the Upper Meadow were fully discussed and marked out for future cutting.
July 25th 1993
A petrol powered strimmer was hired from Plant Tool Hire, Daventry, for use in cutting the paths. The paths were rough cut with the strimmer, approximately 3 feet wide, following the markers laid down during the previous work party.
Whilst the cutting was in progress, the remainder of the party were gainfully employed clearing the vegetation to the compost heap and tidying up the paths with shears etc.
July 31st 1993
Following the successful rough cutting of the paths with the strimmer, Terry Brand again offered the services of his powered rotary mower, to short cut these paths to a level which would be easily maintained.
Whilst this operation was a total success, it quickly became apparent that should we decide to mow the paths on a regular basis, something more substantial than Terry's rotary mower would have to be employed, as it was very heavy going, with a distinct risk of damage occurring to the mower.
This exercise generated a considerable pile of waste vegetation, which was placed on the compost heap, which by now had reached a height of approximately 7 feet.
September 16th 1993
The Pocket Park Committee held its first meeting in Blacksmiths Lane.
Key decisions taken at this meeting were as follows:-
- Work parties, where possible, would be formed on the first Saturday afternoon in each month, to carry out site activities (weather permitting) and that in order to clarify the activities of each work party, Committee meetings would be held on the preceding Wednesday or Thursday evening.
- There would be as few rules as possible for the Park, namely 'No Bikes' and to keep dogs on leads for a trial period.
- The initiation of a flora and fauna survey of the site in all seasons; financing and the formation of a Management Plan were also discussed.
October 2nd 1993
The work party group concentrated on 2 off prime activities during this session, namely
- Starting the Flora/Fauna Survey
- Starting to clear a path through the Upper Wooded area
Three members of the work party concentrated on the first observations for the Flora/Fauna survey. It was agreed that this should be an 'on-going' process, recording the various observations throughout the various seasons.
The September findings were recorded and will be added to on subsequent visits.
The path through the wooded area was started during the session. A considerable number of trees were removed, in addition to many overhanging branches from adjacent trees. The removal of the trees was undertaken with some regret, but the result has opened up this area, giving access to an otherwise unusable region of the Park.
The second effect of this action is to allow more light into this area, which we hope will encourage growth of natural woodland plants.
In total, a path extending some 160 yards long has been created, terminating at the entrance to the Upper Meadow.
October 7th 1993
Pocket Park meeting held at in Butler's Close and was attended by Ms Sue Paice.
Key topics discussed were:-
- Planning permission for the Pocket Park would not be granted until the committee had agreed that they would arrange to construct a 1m wide footpath, 1m from the edge of the road, running from the corner of Blacksmiths Lane to the entrance of the Park. This was agreed.
- Some effort needed to be made in the compilation of a Management Plan for the Park, to assist the submissions for funding to the Parish Council and the County Council.
- It was agreed that the local school should be approached about involving the children in a competition for designing a logo and thinking of a name for the Pocket Park.
November 3rd 1993
Pocket Park meeting held at in Main Street and was attended by Mr Martin Mason.
Key topics discussed were:-
- A detailed 'tools required' list and approximate costs was compiled. This was needed to assist the compilation of the Management Plan and the financial submissions to the Parish Council.
- Mr Martin expressed the school's support for the Pocket Park, stating that it was hoped that various areas of the National Curriculum could be covered with projects in the Park.
- It was agreed that transportation should be arranged (David Germany's flatbed) to pick up the bark shredder from Aldwinkle Pocket Part, ready for use at the next work party, which would be on November 5th.
November 5th 1993
A trip to Aldwinkle, to pick up the bark shredder was arranged with the use of David Germany's flatbed.
Half of the work party concentrated on clearing the tree roots which were still left from the previous session's woodland path clearing exercise, whilst the other half worked on getting the bark shredder working to its full potential.
Unfortunately, the effects of the bark shredder were less impressive than hoped for, with only about 3 to 4 lbs [1.3 to 1.8kg] of bark chippings generated after 1 hour's hectic operation. It was obvious that the shredder was simply not man enough for the job in hand, so operations with it were stopped and the object was promptly stored around David Gill's garden, until the next Pocket Park on the list came to use it.
With a considerable pile of vegetation to dispose of, the decision to dump the entire pile over the side of the old railway bridge onto the cutting below to be burnt at the next work party was taken.
With all of the tree roots now pulled up, the whole work party (which included Sue Paice) were mobilised into this task, which went on well after sunset. Once dumped onto the cutting, the pile had to be stored to one side to enable access through the cutting by tractors, which regularly use the area.
December 2nd 1993
Pocket Park meeting held at Hill View.
Key topics discussed were:-
- The financial statement was agreed and the Treasurer (David Gill) committed to completing the budget proposal, to be included in the draft Management Plan, to be presented to the Parish Council at their meeting on the 9th December.
- Judging of the schools entries for the Pocket Park logo designs and name was undertaken. There was a very good response from the children, from which the name 'DAISY BANK' was chosen and a combination of 2 designs was adopted for the logo. Terry Brand stated that he would draw up the logo based upon these designs. In order to thank the children for their participation, it was agreed that £5 book tokens should be presented to the 3 chosen entries, with a box of Smarties for everyone else.
December 4th 1993
Three main tasks were undertaken by the work party this month:-
- Burning of the waste vegetation which was 'stored' in the railway cutting during the previous work party. This was very successful, with the whole pile being completely eliminated, without causing any accidents by 'smoke screening' the adjacent road.
- Clearing back the vegetation from the area which will encompass the approach path to the entrance to the Pocket Park. The copious waster material generated by this operation was also disposed of by burning on the existing bonfire in the railway cutting.
- The decision to construct the woodland path by digging approximately 6 inches [15 centimetres] by 40 inches [1m] wide, then lining this with plastic sheeting and covering with crushed stone and rolling flat, had been taken. As an experimental exercise, 2 members of the work party decided to plot their progress by undertaking this task manually, with spades and shovels. After approximately 1½ hours, they had recorded a distance of 17 paces. Reluctantly, the other members of the work party/committee agreed that the entire operation could be undertaken by hand, saving the considerable expense of hiring a mini digger to do the task.
January 6th 1994
Meeting held in Blacksmiths Lane.
Key topics discussed were:-
- The Financial and Management Plan was presented to the Parish Council and was generally agreed on principle.
- The issue surrounding the cutting of the paths in the Park continues. This revolves around whether it is cost effective to purchase a mower which is capable to do the job, with the problems of security, maintenance, consumable costs, operator, insurance etc., or whether it is better to contract out the task, with the perpetual issue of financing this 'for ever'.
- Terry Brand revealed a display board which he prepared. This board is to be place at the entrance of the Park. Terry was thanked for his efforts and it was agreed that the board should be erected once the woodland and approach paths have been completed.
January 8th 1994
The major task embarked on by the work party, was the continued digging of the woodland path. Upon completion of the day, the path stretched approximately 90 yards, with a further 70 yards to go, but with the sun setting and 7 broken backs in the group, work was stopped.
Some rubbish clearing was also embarked upon during this session. Whilst this was being carried out, a bag containing various Army objects was discovered. Part of this consignment was a number of rounds of 'blanks'. The police were called to clear these away and kindly offered the remaining contents to Mrs Germany who originally found the package. She declined the offer.
February 3rd 1994
Meeting held in Blacksmiths Lane and attended by Ms Annie Allen (School Rep).
Key topics discussed were:-
- Application to the B.T.C.V. is being handled by the Parish Council, although they had contacted Darrel Wall on some issues. Training of powered machinery operators is necessary for insurance cover.
- The signing of the lease by the Parish Council has been delayed for clarification of certain points in the document. This should be resolved by the next Pocket Park meeting.
- Ms Annie Allen reported that the Junior age school children had been down to the Park and had noted various signs of wildlife activity. It was agreed that this type of information should be included in the Survey and to assist this, a copy of the wildlife reporting package was handed over for use by the school.
February 5th 1994
The work parties single minded task this session was to complete the digging of the woodland path. Despite the ground being heavy this was completed, much to everyone's relief.
March 10th 1994
Pocket Park meeting held in Butler's Close and was attended by Ms Sue Paice.
Key topics discussed were:-
- David Gill reported that a load of 20 tons of crushed stones (1" to dust), for the woodland path, would be delivered at the Pocket Park site during the morning of Saturday 12th March. David had organised payment for the load through a Parish Council cheque, but the exact location for dropping the load needed further discussion. It was decided that we would try to drop the load on the grass verge, on top of plastic sheeting, near to the main entrance to the Park.
- It was decided that the Park should have an official opening during late May. Various suggestions were discussed, but it was agreed that this topic should be included as an agenda item for the next Pocket Park meeting, having given the Committee members time to reflect on possible formats and contents.
- Sue Paice mentioned that a representative from the group was requested to attend the Northamptonshire 50th Pocket Park 'evening'. Darrel Wall will be sent an invitation as representative, to be held on the 24th May.
March 12th 1994
At 10.30 am, the 20 ton load of crushed stone for the Woodland Path arrived. Upon first sight, the idea of tipping the load onto plastic sheeting was dropped. The sheer size of the load made this impractical. With committee members posted in both directions on Welsh Road, the traffic was halted while the lorry manoeuvred into a position where it could deposit the stone onto the verge, near to the Park entrance. Approximately half of the stone was unloaded here, whereupon it became apparent that the remainder required another location, as it was already encroaching onto the Welsh Road. This second location was at the junction of Blacksmiths Lane and Welsh Road.
During the remainder of the morning, 4 volunteers moved and laid approximately 8 tons of the stone into the path, which was first lined with a horticultural membrane, designed to suppress weeds whilst allowing water passage. This membrane was acquired by the Secretary's husband, courtesy of Twyford Seeds.
During the afternoon session, we had our largest ever turnout, with 13 people 'chipping in'. This was extremely encouraging, as some of these helpers were new to the Park and the Village.
A special thanks goes to Gordon Phipps, who not only turned up to help, but was also in command of a tractor, which was in constant use, ferrying the stone from the dump sites to the path laying areas. Gordon also committed himself and his tractor to digging the approach path, ready for the next work session during April.
With everyone's assistance and strong backs, the entire path was laid complete during the day, with no surplus stones left over.
Many thanks to all those involved in this exercise.
April 7th 1994
Pocket Park Meeting held in Main Street
- The Secretary reported that she had attended the latest Parish Council meeting, where it was decided that the Parish would include the grass mowing for the Park into the existing grass cutting contract for the village. The contract will include: Summer Meadow 1 cut (£30) Spring Meadow 5 cuts (£25/cut), Paths 5 cuts (£10/cut)
- The lease for the Pocket Park land has been signed by the Parish Council and returned to Northants County Council Legal Department for final processing.
- There were some more decisions around activities for the Pocket Park Opening Day: Nature Theme Treasure Hunt, Teddy Bears' Picnic, Barbeque, Tree Planting Ceremony, Free Prize Draw, Refreshments
April 9th 1994
Terry Brand, Tim Ball and Darrel Wall formed a 'mini' work party to remove the fence from the upper portion of the lower 'Spring' Meadow.
This work was conducted to improve access into this meadow and for its future use in the Opening Day activities. This action has now prevented any 'stray' livestock from inadvertently being introduced onto this portion of the Pocket Park.
May 5th 1994
Pocket Park meeting was held at Welsh Road, Aston le Walls, and attended by Mr Shamus Crowe and Mr Jerry Davis.
Key topics discussed were:-
- It was reported that the Countryside Commission and Northants County Council have agreed to their ¼ share each of the Pocket Park grant application. This together with the agreed ¼ share from the Parish Council, makes ¾ of the 'pie' now in place. The only remaining portion which has to be agreed, is the South Northants District Council's ¼ share. The SNDC finance meeting will be held on June 6th, so we will have to wait until then before we are able to start spending funds on major projects, such as Approach path laying, steps and bridge construction down the railway embankment etc., which really have to be completed prior to the Opening Day to ensure safe access to the relevant areas of the Park.
- It was reported that the Pocket Park committee has been requested to put a stall into the next Aston le Walls Church Fete, to be held on the 25th June, in the grounds of 'The Old Rectory'. Darrel Wall will man the stall, but contributions from all will be needed to compile the information and materials for the event. This will be looked on as an opportunity to inform the villagers of our current progress, plans for the future, how much it is costing, etc.
- Mrs Jobbins from NCC Highways Department was contacted by the Parish Council to inspect the condition of the 'crash barriers' adjacent to the railway bridge. The total collapse of the existing barriers has given rise to some concern that there is a relatively low risk to the users of the Park, from the remote possibility of a vehicle crashing through this area and into the Park itself (although there has not been any instances of such an occurrence to anyone's knowledge). Mrs Jobbins has agreed that this barrier should be replaced and that the NCC Highways Department will fund it (although no date or deadline was given). Temporary 'barriers' have been erected on the site.
The Parish Council are now in possession of the completed 20 year lease for this land, on the understanding that it is used as a Pocket Park site.
May 12th 1994
Darrel Wall attended a Parish Council meeting, where he gave an update of the activities and progress of the group.
During the meeting, the Parish Council kindly agreed that if the Pocket Park would order the required crushed stone for the approach path (10 tons), then they would pay the bill, independently from the grant approval. The Pocket Park group still had approximately £40 left from the previous year's budget, leaving around £40 for the Parish Council to pay.
May 14th 1994
Marcus Williams and Gordon Phipps (with the assistance of a tractor), have dug the approach path to the Pocket Park opening.
Many thanks go to Gordon in particular for his efforts and use of the tractor, without which the job would have been much harder.
May 24th 1994
Darrel Wall and Marcus Williams attended the Northamptonshire's 50th Pocket Park evening at John Dryden House, Northampton. It was a very pleasant occasion, with both red and white wine available, along with nibbles.
June 3rd 199410 tons of crushed stone were delivered on the corner of Blacksmiths Lane/Welsh Road junction, for laying of the Approach Path.
A work party of varying numbers gathered during the late afternoon and evening to work on this, and the path was completed before sunset.
Thanks go to all concerned on yet another splendid effort.
The crushed stone path now extends its fully planned length, from the corner of Blacksmiths Lane to the entrance of the Top Meadow.
June 9th 1994
Pocket Park meeting held in Blacksmiths Lane, Aston le Walls.
Key topics discussed were:-
- The stand for the Church fete has now been organised, with all the information and materials to be displayed, delegated to the various members. A meeting will be held on the Thursday evening at The Bungalow, to compile the material and deal with any last minute problems.
- The materials required for the construction of the steps, handrails and bridge down the railway embankment, will be calculated on Saturday 11th June and ordered for delivery and construction during the following weekend.
- The activities for the Opening Day were again discussed and progress in this area has been made.
- The District Council have approved our grant application, so that is now all 4 segments of the financial pie in place. We can now go and spend on the materials and tools that were planned for in our Management Plan.
June 18th 1994
The Work party session completed the construction of the steps and bridge down the railway embankment. Some more work is needed to complete the handrails, but this is only minor activity compared to what had been accomplished this weekend.
Thanks to all concerned for your efforts, it looks a splendid job and is a credit to the Park.
June 23rd 1994
A meeting was held in Blacksmiths Lane, to finalise the preparation of materials for the Church Fete.
Everything is coming together well, with plans, schedules, leaflets, photographs etc. all being presented on a 7ft by 3 ft display board and the Treasure Hunt is being pulled together by Terry Brand and Sue Ball.
We should be ready in time!
June 25th 1994
The Church Fete was held today. All of the planned material for the Pocket Park display came together well and a good time was had by all.
The stand was manned mainly by Marcus Williams and Darrel Wall, who found that the Treasure Hunt, whilst being very popular and raising £21 for the Church funds, was a full time job for the 2 of them, leaving very little time to actually discuss Pocket Park matters with anyone who was interested.
The suggestion box was a completely hollow shell at the end of proceedings and the Volunteer list contained 2 names.
June 30th 1994
Pocket Park meeting held in Butler's Close, Aston le Walls.
Key topics discussed were:-
- A resolution was proposed and agreed that no individual (member of the Daisy Bank Pocket Park Group) should spend more than £25 for anything without the full agreement of the Committee. This is designed to cover incidental material expenses e.g. nails, wood preserve etc.
- A lot of discussion around the arrangements of the Opening Day took place. Terry Brand will produce posters and invitation leaflets, with details of events and times. Invitations to be delivered door to door by local school children. Sue Ball will arrange for the BBQ and various prizes for the events, as well as prepare the Nature Trail with Marcus Williams. David Gill will arrange for the BBQ food, rolls and charcoal. Della and David Germany will make a large cake with accompanying Teddy Bears for the TB picnic. The Church Fete stand, raffle and nature trail will be manned by Darrel Wall. Various other jobs were shared amongst the Committee.
- Legal Position: Sue Ball reported that during a recent conversation with a member of the NCC Legal Department, we have been advised that there is no reason why we should not continue to use the lower meadow, because they had not received any correspondence from any third party, disputing the tenancy of the land. The committee agreed that we should continue with the plans to make use of the lower meadow for the Open Day.
July 2nd 1994
The Work party completed the crushed stone infill of the embankment steps, and created another short path in the area of the 'tree planting' site. This path has now created a small island bed, currently of nettles, but the plan is to keep this area cut short to allow the grass to get established, plant wild daffodils and start to suppress the nettles. The specific area for the tree planting itself (decided on a beech tree) was also cleared
July 9th 1994
Arranged with G Taylor to 'flail' the Lower Meadow. The mowed area left many regions of tall grass, with paths running between them and a larger open area in the middle of the meadow.
The problem was that the grass was so high, that there are now large amounts of hay lying in the open areas, making it very difficult to walk through. The weather is quite warm and windy at present, so the grass/hay is drying rapidly.
The decision has been made that the hay will all have to be raked up and removed, ready for a second, lower cut, just prior to the Opening Day, to make the area more acceptable for walking on.
July 9th 1994
An initial small group of volunteers went down to the Lower Meadow to determine the magnitude of the task that lay ahead of us, in raking up this area prior to the end of the week.
We soon discovered that it was quite straightforward to rake up the hay into isolated stacks, giving Constable an idyllic setting, but the real task lay in removing it, as loading it onto wheelbarrows and transporting to the area under the road bridge was a slow, hard process in the hot conditions that were present.
July 13th 1994
A meeting was held in Blacksmiths Lane, to discuss the final arrangements for the Opening Day. Everything appears to be coming together well. We just need to get the Lower Meadow into shape now, prior to the weekend.
July 14th 1994
A major turnout from the group went down to the Lower Meadow this evening and started the process of raking up the rest of the area. Dellas Germany had a wonderful, wonderful idea of how to transport the ever growing number of hay stacks from the Meadow. A large plastic sheet was spread out on the ground, and the stacks moved onto this. With a stack of approx. 8 foot round by 15 foot long in place, 4 to 6 people were able to pull the entire load off to the dumping site, which initially was underneath the road bridge, but soon a second site had to be found, which was at the bottom of the meadow. This idea of Dellas saved us several hours of clearing work. WELL DONE DELLAS!
July 15th 1994
G Taylor was again asked to come down and take a second cut of the meadow, as well as cut the upper meadow paths down and wider.
Upon completion, the whole area looked much better and everyone felt more confident that at least the Meadows would be in good condition for the day.
A big thank you goes to everyone for all the effort that went into the preparation over the last couple of weeks.
July 16th 1994
After much last minute preparation and panic, it was time to start the proceedings. Mrs North expertly planted the beech tree in the Upper Woodland area, John Callum took several photographs of the proceedings, Carol Williams representing the Aston le Walls W.I. kindly donated a bench for the Park (many thanks), Sue Paice supported the day with a Northamptonshire Pocket Parks display, the nature trail was very popular as was the free raffle, the cake and drinks stall was very busy once an announcement was made confirming that it was free and the BBQ was also popular, despite the 50p price tag for a burger (bargain).
The highlight of the day however, was the children's Teddy Bears' picnic, with the Germany's brilliant cake being the central attraction.
Mrs North judged the oldest, smallest and best dressed Teddies from entries of a very high standard.
Overall, we estimated that there were in the region of 200 people who attended and believe that they had a good time, thanks also to the weather that held up well.
At the end of it all, the committee and helpers were shattered, so we had our own party down there in the evening, kept the BBQ going, consumed lots of beer and wine, played boule and went home in the dark and continued on in 'The Bungalow'. GREAT!
Having got this out of the way, we all agreed that we needed a month free of Pocket Park activities.
The School sent a lovely Thank You card
August 21st 1994
The Pocket Park Committee and partners met at Farthinghoe nature reserve and spent the morning walking around, gaining ideas for the Aston le Walls project. Whilst this reserve has a part time paid worker who can devote time to mow the paths etc., we did come away with lots of potential concepts for our own patch.
The party then regrouped in the village pub, where we had Sunday lunch.
September 1st 1994
A meeting was held in Blacksmiths Lane; the main topics discussed were as follows:-
- The Treasurer reported that we had spent approximately £220 to date, mainly on materials for the bridge and step,It was noted that our grant runs from 21st June 1994 and that the monies have to be spent within a three year period. It therefore becomes apparent that the group needs to target an expenditure of approximately £1300 per year.s.
- It was agreed to purchase about £100 worth of spring flowering bulbs (split this year between wood anemones and daffodils) and that these would be sourced from the BTCV, ensuring they are correct native species and their 'lawful' origins.
- Around 360 trees (mainly for hedging), were ordered from the County Council, which, if allocated, will be given to the project free of charge. These would be used for hedging down the full length of the Lower Meadow, filling in gaps in our existing hedges and establishing new tree planting sites.
- Extensive discussions were made around the ideas for the Lower Meadow, following our trip to Farthinghoe Nature Reserve, which inspired a number of good ideas. After allowing everyone a good chance to air their opinions, it was agreed that we should present our own plans for the area at the next meeting and agree on major features and their location, once and for all.
September 4th 1994
Work party session concentrated on making an entrance into the Lower Meadow woodland area, which appears to have been used as a general dumping site for a number of years. Having made the first few yards, it is clear that we have a lot of work to do in this area, but there are some good features that can be utilised, namely high banks for steps, leading onto a further small Meadow/Shrub area, that we had previously not seen. It is apparent that when the entire site is open, it will extend approximately 500 metres in length.
The small brook at the base of the railway embankment has also been cleared out, allowing the water to flow again, rather than looking like a silted up ditch.
September 29th 1994
September 29th 1994
A meeting was held in Welsh Road; the main topics discussed were as follows:-
- The Treasurer reported that he had ordered 250 wood anemones and 250 daffodils from the BTCV. They are due for delivery in about 2 weeks and the local school children are going to be involved with the planting. It was agreed that the anemones would be split into 5 groups of 50 bulbs that the children could plant in the Upper Wooded area. The exact sites for these would be identified and cleared during our next work party session. The daffodils would be planted during the following work party session by the Committee members.
- It was reported that our entry into Esso Footpaths competition had been compiled and delivered. Thanks to all those involved in pulling this package together.
- Four plans for the Lower Meadow were presented and their individual features discussed at length. The committee then agreed on a rough plan for this area, including a pond towards the bottom of the Meadow, a Picnic/Recreation area, wooded areas, seats etc. Whilst this plan raises other issues for the group, such as the large increase in the grass mowing requirements, at least we do now have a plan to work towards, rather than continually talking about the 'possibilities' all the time.
- The rotten crash barriers on the road bridge have been replaced with a substantial concrete version by the NCC Highways Department. This is a big improvement and eliminates future criticisms on safety in this area.
October 1st 1994
The Work party session this month covered the bridge at the base of the railway embankment with chicken wire to help prevent slipping on the wet wooden planks. Also continued to clear out the path through the Lower Meadow wooded area. Several discussions took place around the exact siting / size and shape for the pond.
October 8th 1994
A small group went down this week to burn the trees and waste that had been removed to date from the Lower Meadow wooded area. This was successfully completed, along with digging a small experimental 'bore hole', to establish the soil type and depth of the water table, in the region of the proposed site for the pond.
And here is the current Pocket Park management Group Schedule of work (as of 2020)


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Volume 2 Number 1 • Spring 2010
Two Buds at Cotillion
She was just as out of place at the Dallas Cotillion as Christmas lights shining brightly in a mid-July day. She couldn't dance. She couldn't mingle. She didn't have a proper date. In fact, she had snuck in, alone, through the catering entrance, after she had read an article the week before, about this posh soiree in one of those swank, metropolitan magazines, the ones that are read almost exclusively by lawyers, high society Texas matrons, and sparkling blonde debutants (the vast majority of the latter, named either 'Ashley,' 'Haley' or 'Heather'.) Now, standing at the bar as alone as a prickly saguaro on the Sonoran desert, she was surrounded by elegant couples sipping green-apple martinis and cooing to one another about their planned Paris excursions. She soothed herself with two cans of Budweiser: one crumpled in each clenched fist.
Brad Rose was raised in southern California, and lives in Boston. His work has appeared in Tattoo Highway, SleetMagagazine.com., Boston Literary Magazine, Up and Under/QND Review, FutureCycle Poetry, Getting Something Read, Espresso Stories, SMITH Magazine, Imagination and Place (forthcoming) and Six Sentences. Links to his work can be found at http://bradrosepoetry.blogspot.com. His short fiction blog is http://sixsentences.ning.com/profiles/blog/list?user=1d0yhjn3i0nkf.


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Introducing Dailies Total 1
Harnessing science in the development of an advanced daily contact lens, Dailies total 1 introduces a new experience for contact lens wearers. With Dailies total 1 your eyes will feel healthy and comfortable from your first blink until the end of the day. This lens is made from a breathable silicone hydrogel material, it is designed to maintain a wettable surface and enable a high level of oxygen flow, assuring your eyes are getting the natural level of oxygen while you are wearing them.
Learn more about the AirOptix, Freshlooks and ClearCare products below by clicking on the images (you will be directed to the appropriate Ciba webpage in a separate browser window):


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If you aren't allergic or intolerant, should you include dairy in your diet? There is so much conflicting advice from health professionals–how are we to know if dairy is good for you or bad?
What Is the Conflicting Medical Advice on Dairy?
Some health professionals–western medicine doctors, nutritionists, and alternative health care doctors and providers–say dairy should never be a part of your diet unless you are a nursing baby. Dairy, particularly processed dairy which is 99% of what's available on the market, is associated with a myriad of health problems from acne to inflammation to constipation to cancer.
But others in the health field are passionately pro-dairy, proclaiming that full-fat, raw dairy contains powerful nutrition that can prevent disease and help you maintain a healthy weight (see the Weston Price Foundation for more information).
So, Who is Right on Dairy?
To get some extra perspective, we highly recommend this 20-minute episode from Dr. Mark Hyman's The People's Farmacy podcast. In it, he interviews three experts in the field: Lisa Dreher, ND, Elizabeth Bonham, MD, ND, and David Ludwig, MD, PhD.
The net-net? If you are allergic or intolerant, stay away from dairy.
How Do You Know If Dairy Is Right for You?
And, that's a lot of people — a full 70% of the world cannot digest dairy properly, including almost all people of Asian and African descent. But if you are one of the few adults who thinks you can eat dairy safely, do a test to see how dairy makes you feel.
You'll know if you go dairy-free for two weeks. It may sound hard, but it's well worth it.
Many times, we don't realize we have negative reactions to foods because we are used to a certain amount of side effects — like belly upset or acne. If you go without dairy for two weeks and notice how your body reacts.
If you feel better, consider going dairy-free as part of your long-term healthy lifestyle. If you do not feel better, you can keep high-quality dairy in your diet–organic yogurt, raw milk (if you can find it), and whole fat milk. And of course, some may decide to forego dairy for other reasons related to the health of the cows and our planet.
What About Calcium?
Worried about getting enough calcium on a dairy-free diet? Many argue that plants are the best way to get calcium, not dairy. For example, a cup of kale and other greens have almost 1/3rd of your daily intake of calcium. Other rich sources are nuts, beans, and anchovies.
Learn more in Dr. Hyman's podcast.
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By trenalainePosted
Boxing Day sale is now on
2 days only! Take advantage of this wonderful sale just in time for the New Year. This is EVERYTHING in our store. Foundations. Lip products. Shadow palettes. Lip vinyls. Contour kits. You name [...]
We're not around right now. But you can send us an email and we'll get back to you, asap.


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Evaluations that tell you whether free resources on the internet are based on scientific researchGot It, Hide this
Yoga can build strength, flexibility and balance. Yoga can be beneficial for people with arthritis. Exercise may help promote joint health. Start gently with small movements and stop if it hurts. This resource includes tips for joining a class or doing yoga at home.
yoga, stretch, flexibility, strength, exercise, joints
Is this information reliable, based on scientific research?
Is it clear who developed the resource and how?
Is the information easy to understand and easy to use?
Rated on: 1/19/2016 2:55:29 PM
DISCLAIMER: Web Resource Ratings are provided for informational purposes only and to facilitate discussions with your healthcare providers, family members, or informal care givers. They are not a substitute for advice from your own health care professionals. The Portal is not responsible for the content of external websites, nor is it an endorsement of that website or the site's owners (or their products/services). The Web Resource Ratings may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the McMaster Optimal Aging Portal (email@example.com).


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Alicia Blonk LL.M.
During her studies Alicia worked two years for the Public Prosecutor's Office in the Netherlands and then for one more year as a jurist in the Netherlands, as well as a year on Curaçao. In 2011 she received her master's degree for Dutch Penal Law at the Rotterdam Erasmus University. Since then she has been employed as a lawyer on the Dutch Caribbean isles, specialized in the field of penal law and family law. Alicia speaks Dutch, English, Spanish and Papiamentu.
Triple A Attorneys
Know-how, experience, dedication and integrity are the four cornerstones which Triple A Attorneys is founded upon. This obviously is applicable within the realm of legal issues, but certainly also relates to just practical and tactical dealings in achieving the best ultimate outcome for our clients.
All our lawyers at Triple A Attorneys are member of the Curaçao Bar Association as well as of the Order of Attorneys and are therefore entitled to practice law within the Dutch Caribbean territory, which in alphabetical order, consist of the islands Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, St. Eustatius and St. Maarten (all formerly known as the Netherlands Antilles).
Triple A Attorneys offers its services to companies, government entities as well as to individuals in the local and international arenas. Although Triple A Attorneys covers a broad legal base, it is specifically active in the fields of conciliation, corporate-, financial- and fiscal law.


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Until several years ago, few people took networking seriously – it was too expensive, too technical, too leading-edge, too scary, and too far from the mainstream of "real" computing. Now, networking has become a useful tool as well as a way of organizing people, their work, and their resource needs. This is especially true of schools and school library media centers. The chapters of this book address hundreds of real concerns educators have about implementing various types of networks in their schools.
1995/190 pp/hardbound


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This is an antique vase marked VIENNA AUSTRIA. The vase is hand painted and the artist signed on the. Bottom and dated'09 (1909). The piece is 10 1/4" high and 5" in diameter at its base.
The vase is decorated with hand painted purple, blue and yellow. Irises and green foliage on a pastel colored background. The rim of the vase is gilded and.
The two double ring shaped handles. There is a little wear to the gold. No chips, cracks nor repairs on this piece.A beautiful and very usable piece. Please see my other items for more hand painted vases.
The item "ANTIQUE 1909 VIENNA AUSTRIA HAND PAINTED VASE IRISES, 10 1/4" is in sale since Wednesday, January 20, 2021. This item is in the category "Pottery & Glass\Pottery & China\Art Pottery\European Pottery\Austrian". The seller is "cecione50" and is located in Simi Valley, California.This item can be shipped to United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Czech republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia, Australia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Japan, China, Sweden, South Korea, Indonesia, Taiwan, South africa, Thailand, Belgium, France, Hong Kong, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, Bahamas, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Switzerland, Norway, Saudi arabia, Ukraine, United arab emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Croatia, Malaysia, Chile, Colombia, Costa rica, Dominican republic, Panama, Trinidad and tobago, Guatemala, El salvador, Honduras, Jamaica, Antigua and barbuda, Aruba, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Saint kitts and nevis, Saint lucia, Montserrat, Turks and caicos islands, Barbados, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Brunei darussalam, Bolivia, Egypt, French guiana, Guernsey, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Iceland, Jersey, Jordan, Cambodia, Cayman islands, Liechtenstein, Sri lanka, Luxembourg, Monaco, Macao, Martinique, Maldives, Nicaragua, Oman, Pakistan, Paraguay, Reunion, Uruguay, Russian federation.


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Why is depression so hard (7 reasons)
In this writing, we will address the question " why is depression so hard", symptom and type of depression, why depression is hard, diagnosis and treatment of depression and some FAQs regarding the subject.
Depression is hard and tough to overcome with because of the following reasons:
- Anhedonia
- A feeling of worthlessness, helplessness, and hopelessness
- Failing to pinpoint the cause of depressed mood
- Others fail to understand their feelings
- Getting through the days requires tremendous energy and will.
- Impaired concentration and focus
- Problematic and Disrupted Sleep Cycle
- Drained out and Low Energy
- Physical pain and symptoms
Depression is a mood disorder where the individual experiences prolonged sadness, lethargic, worthiness, helplessness and melancholic that interferes or hampers their daily functioning.
The DSM 5 criteria for Depression is depressed mood or loss of interest during the same 2-week period coupled with weight loss, change in appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, feeling of worthlessness, lack of concentration and suicidal ideation.
Classification of Depression
Based on the severity of the symptoms and their duration, two major types of depression are Major Depressive Disorder or Clinical Depression and Chronic Depressive Disorder/ Dysthymia. Apart from these, there are Bi-Polar Disorder and Seasonal Affective Disorder.
Major Depressive Disorder
To be diagnosed with MDD, there should be five depressive symptoms that last for at least 2 weeks. Adding onto that, there should either be a depressed mood or loss of interest. MDD is a periodic or episodic disorder where the symptoms go on and off over time. Along with it, suicide ideation and thought of death are common.
The prevalence of depression is 7% with higher prevalence in 60 years or more.
Persistent Depression Disorder, Dysthymia
One of the essential features of Dysthymia is a depressed mood that lasts throughout the day for at least 2years, in case of children the duration is for 1 year. Along with depressed mood, they should also experience two of the six symptoms (poor appetite, sleep disturbance, low energy, low self-esteem, trouble in concentrating and hopelessness)
It has an early and insidious onset. It is twice more common in women than in men. Dysthymia is common in general population affecting 5-6% of the population.
Bi-Polar Disorder
Two types of Bi-Polar disorder is, BP-1 and BP-2. The manic symptom is the defining feature of the two and the severity of the two differentiate these. Bi-Polar 1 is known as Manic-Depressive Disorder where there is a single episode of mania during their lifetime however, they may or may not have a depressive episode. While Bi-Polar 2 is characterised by hypomanic (milder version of Manic) episode with Major Depressive Episodes.
Bipolar 1 Disorder is much rarer than MDD and the prevalence rate is 0.6% and Bi-Polar affects somewhere between 0.4 to 2%.
Cyclothymic Disorder.
It is also a chronic mood disorder where the proposed symptom (numerous episodes of hypomanic symptoms and depressive symptoms) last for at least 2 years. They experience frequent alternating mild symptoms of Mania and Depression. People with cyclothymia have a high risk of developing Mania and Major Depression.
About 3-5% of the psychiatric patient is diagnosed with Cyclothymic Disorder.
Seasonal Affective Disorder.
It is known by recurrent depressive episodes occurring typically in winter.
The severity of the episode ranges from mild to moderate and in the worse case, have the risk of suicide as well. It is more prevalent in people in the northern part of the world than in summer. The change in melatonin is responsible for this episode, they show more change in melatonin than the rest.
SAD Symptom is similar to those of Depression except that it coincides with seasons.
Postpartum Depression.
It is a blend of physical, emotional and behavioural changes that a woman undergoes after giving birth. The diagnosis is based on the length of time between their onset and delivery and the severity of depression. Some of the symptoms are difficulty in sleeping, appetite change, fatigue, decreased libido and frequent mood change. It generally begins within the 4 weeks after delivery.
Almost 80% of new mothers are diagnosed with this depression and it follows after 15% of birth.
Sign and symptoms of Depression
Some of the sign and symptoms associated with Depression are:
- Depressed and Low mood
- Anhedonia
- Feeling of hopelessness
- Worthlessness and Helplessness
- Lack of concentration
- Thoughts on ending life
- Difficulty in sleep
- Irritability and Agitation
- Fluctuation in appetite
- Difficulty in decision making.
- Diurnal Mood
- Significant weight loss
- Lost motivation
- Loss of energy
- Recurrent thoughts on death
- Excessive guilt
Depression is hard and difficult because of the following reasons:
It is the loss of pleasure or interest in those activities that one find pleasurable in normal days such as spending time with friends, travelling, playing and etc. Anhedonia is a significant symptom of mental illnesses.
Anhedonia hampers our functioning, especially with our reward system and we lose interest in all activities.
A feeling of worthlessness, helplessness, and hopelessness
The dominance of these thoughts and feeling over a prolonged period time makes it hard for an individual to cope up with it. The constant battle with these thoughts results in gloominess and eventually suicidal thoughts.
Failing to pinpoint the cause of depressed mood
A depressed patient finds it hard to understand the underlying reason behind their low and depressed mood. They feel that something is bothering them but are unable to understand the reason behind it.
Others fail to understand their feelings
Those who have never undergone the feeling of depression, they fail to understand people who are actually battling with it. It thus a daunting task for such people to convince and let others understand the emotions and feeling that they are undergoing.
Getting through the days requires tremendous energy and will.
Each day is a battle for an individual going through depression and to get over with it, it requires lots of guts and energy from the patient.
And at times, they find too hard to actually wake up in the morning and to interact with others.
Impaired concentration and focus
Individual going through depression find it very taxing and strenuous to take initiative in doing any kind of activity such as reading, cooking and et. they feel they are always demotivated and loss of energy.
Problematic and Disrupted Sleep Cycle
Insomnia and Hyposomnia are the two major problems in their sleep cycle. Depressed patient experience problem in falling asleep due to overdominance of feeling of worthless and failure while waking up in the morning also takes a lot of energy from them.
Drained out and Low Energy
People find it tiring to get out of bed and are exhausted throughout time. They feel exhausted and find it wearying to take up even the simple task.
Physical pain and symptoms
Adding on to the low and depressed mood, there are underlying physical pain and symptoms such as headaches, nausea, body pain and etc.
Diagnosing Depression.
There are different ways through which we can assess depression in an individual. It can be a physical test, psychological test and medical screenings.
Some of the most commonly used tests to assess depressive episode or diagnosis are:
Patient Health Questionnaire
It is a 9-item questionnaire which is self-administered. It is usually used to screen the severity and diagnosis of Depression.
Beck Depression Inventory
Beck Depression Inventory is one of the most widely used tests in measuring and studying the symptoms of depression. It contains a 21-item self-report inventory that measures the symptoms of depression in an individual with four choices.
Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression
It is multiple choce quesrtionnanire.
Some of the treatment that can be used for Depression are:
Medication/ Pharmacotherapy:
Medicines like Anti-Depressants, Mood-Stabilizer, or Anti-Psychotic drugs are used to treat Depression.
- MAOIs, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
It works by inhibiting the action of Monoamine oxidize, which is an enzyme that breaks down Norepinephrine and Serotonin when they are released.
- Tricyclic
It is another medicine that has shown a significant effect in reducing depressive symptoms, unfortunately, have severe side effects like weight loss, dry mouth, sexual dysfunction, etc.
These are an effective treatment for those with severe depression and it is better tolerated by people with Depression. It is also used for those with Mild Depression.
Electroconvulsive Therapy:
Another alternative for the treatment of Depression is Electroconvulsive Therapy which is used most frequently for severely depressed patients who also have a serious risk of suicides.
Within 6-12 treatments, complete remissions of the symptoms occur in many of the patients. The treatment induces Seizures thus, the patient is given anaesthesia along with muscle relaxants.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation:
TMS is an alternative biological treatment for Depression which is a Non-Invasive Technique. A brief yet intense magnetic stimulation is or field induces electrical activity in the cortex area of the brain. It is a painless procedure and the treatment is provided 5 times a week and wrapped up within 5-6 weeks. There is no post-effect observed on memory and cognition of the patient.
Brightlight Therapy:
This therapy is an alternative nonpharmacological bio method that has received increasing attention over the last decades. Initially, it was Seasonal Affective Disorder that was treated by this therapy however, it has also shown effectiveness in Depression as well.
Since the 1970's Psyhchotherapies are also used for the treatment purpose of Depression along with the existing medication and biological treatments. Therapies had a notable effect on the treatment of Depression when carried froward alone or supplementing with medication.
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy:
The therapy is designed and formulated by Aeron Beck, which is a brief treatment that stresses the here and now of the problem rather than the past or deeper level of it.
The basic idea or the crust of the therapy is that the thinking pattern or the belief of the patient is assumed to be a hypothesis that can be tested or evaluated through behavioural experiments.
- Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy:
It is developed only in recent years for those with recurrent episodes of Depression. In this therapy, the patients are taught about mindfulness-based meditation techniques so that their awareness about the distorted thoughts are raised and thus can accept it rather than avoid it.
- Interpersonal Therapy:
The therapy is as effective as medication and CBT. It stresses the relationship issues and help the person change and modify the maladaptive pattern in relation. For those with severe and recurrent episodes of Depression, the therapy is often used with follow-up.
Lifestyle changes:
This domain of modification comprises behavioural change, change in diet, daily routine, and our social circle.
It can be a gradual change starting with a change in diet and then progressing further that will uplift one's mood and brighten up the day.
For the treatment of Depression, some lifestyle changes include
- Getting rid of all the negative energies and activities.
- Self Journalling or Keeping a Gratitude Journal
- Healthy Eating
- Meditation and Calming Activities
- Taking time out for friends, family, and social events.
- Balancing out things
- Getting extra sleep
- Staying hydrated
- Stress Management
- Asking for support and seeking professional help
FAQs: Why is Depression hard?
What is the number one cause of Depression?
Researches have found that prolonged unemployment, abusive relation and environment, long-term isolation and seclusion and work stress are the key cause of depression than recent life stressors which are acute.
What is the most serious form of Depression?
Amongst the different types of depression, Major Depressive Disorder or Clinical Depression is the most severe type which is known by prolonged or sustained sad feeling, melancholia, anhedonia and fatiguability.
What increases the risk of Depression?
Risk factors of depression can be from any domain such as biological factor including genetic inheritance, social factors including abusive interpersonal relation, loss of a job, traumatic life event, psychological domains including negative thoughts, low self-esteem and etc.
How long does it take to be depressed?
According to the standard guideline laid by American Psychiatric Association, the duration of depression should at least be 2 weeks for a proper diagnosis.
Does Depression count to be a disability?
It is considered to be a psychiatric disability under the American Disabilities Act, ADA. It is a mood disorder that hampers or interfere with our daily functioning.
Does depression cause memory loss?
Yes, depression causes confusion, memory impairment as well as difficulty in concentration.
Does Depression kill brain cell?
Yes, it does damage our brain cell along in addition feeling of sadness and dejection.
BetterHelp: A Better Alternative
Those who are seeking therapy online may also be interested in BetterHelp. BetterHelp offers plenty of formats of therapy, ranging from live chats, live audio sessions and live video sessions. In addition, unlimited messaging through texting, audio messages and even video messages are available here.
BetterHelp also offers couples therapy and therapy for teenagers in its platform. Furthermore, group sessions can also be found in this platform, covering more than twenty different topics related to mental health and mental illness. The pricing of BetterHelp is also pretty cost-effective, especially considering the fact that the platform offers financial aid to most users.
In this article, the question, " Is Depression hard" is addressed along with symptoms of depression, type, diagnosis and treatment of depression and some FAQs regarding the subject.
Some sites for more information
Berry, J. (2018, 07 11). How do I know I am feeling depressed? Medicalnews today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/314071
Drillinger, M. (2019, 04 18). 8 Things People with High-Functioning Depression Want You to Know. healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/what-you-should-know-high-functioning-depression
Fabian, R. (2018, 08 24). Why Does Depression Make it Difficult to Function? The Talkspace Voice. https://www.talkspace.com/blog/depression-makes-functioning-difficult/
Saddook, B. J., & Saddock, V. A. (2017). Synopsis of Psychiatry. Wolters Kluwer.
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RAINN Chart
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Statistics gathered by RAINN (Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network), the nation's largest anti-sexual violence organization from the National Crime Victimization Survey.
Revelations about presidential candidate Donald Trump's bragging about sexual predation have exposed the reality that every woman faces every day – the prospect of sexual assault. Many Americans have come to the same conclusion as First Lady Michelle Obama in her Oct. 13 speech in New Hampshire: Enough is enough!
Mrs. Obama is right: this is not something we can ignore. The Centers for Disease Control have determined that 1 in 5 women will be a victim of sexual assault in her lifetime. According to U.S. Department of Justice's National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), an American is sexually assaulted every 2 minutes. The National Sexual Assault Hotline reports that 9 out of 10 of sexual assault victims are women (see chart for details).
I am one of them.
The physical, emotional and spiritual wounds inflicted by that assault from my young adulthood have shaped my life in terrible ways. I trace some of my physical ailments, especially cyclical clinical depression, to the aftereffects of the attack, which I kept hidden from everyone for more than 30 years. I'm still trying to get over some "fight or flight" reactions. I viscerally recoil at being hugged from behind, because that's how my attacker trapped me. Surprises frighten me beyond a normal startle response. Men of certain statures and with certain behaviors terrify me because subliminally I associate them with my attacker, and I react with anger. I'm getting better, but there are still hyper-vigilant behaviors that I can't suppress.
So why do I risk relapsing into post-traumatic behaviors by speaking out now? Because enough really is enough.
Just as African-American families must have "the talk" with their sons and daughters about what to do when (not if) they're stopped by police, women for generations have had to have "the talk" with one another about how to respond to men who view women as objects of their power gratification. Yes, I said "power," not "sex," because sexual predation isn't about sex, it's about exerting power over another. It's about having someone penetrate your innermost physical being against your will, destroying your sense of being a sacred creation made in God's image. Donald Trump's assertion that "when you're a star, they let you do anything," precisely describes this sin: it's about having the power to force others to satisfy your lusts, including physical gratification. (I have become convinced that this is what Paul really meant in Romans about men have sex with other men, not about loving, committed, mutual same-sex relationships).
"The talk" about sexual predation is very nuanced, covering responses to everything from a sexual remark to groping to actual physical assault. I need not reiterate the specifics here, because they've now become part of the national conversation. As far as women have come in being able to live with dignity, underneath we all still quake with fear that we will be violated without our consent. One in five of us know that fear from personal experience.
Why did I wait so long to "come out" as a sexual assault survivor? I've been doing so privately for about 10 years after I finally sought therapy for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Aside from some oblique references, this is the first time I've ever written a public column about what happened, and I'm scared.
One only has to see how the public and the media are treating the women who allege being assaulted by Donald Trump to understand why so many of us keep quiet after we've been violated. In many cases, a man who sexually attacks a woman is in a position of power over her – if not the power of life and death, then at least the powers of reputation and of livelihood. Often she won't be believed, or those closest to her will blame her for being the victim. The shame and disbelief are often harder to bear than the physical wounds. With rare exception, women don't lie about being sexually assaulted, but men, and some women, refuse to believe them.
So we've learned to hide our wounds in order to go on living, and to be there for our families, especially our children. We give in to survive. It's why we women travel in pairs or in groups. We avoid groups of men. We avoid men who constantly put us down or otherwise abuse us emotionally, which is always a signal that physical assault may ensue. We adopt subservient attitudes and postures while inside we seethe with fear that leads to anger. And we shouldn't have to do any of these things in a decent human society -- including in the church!
Some denominations, including our own United Methodist Church, started in the 1990s to confront sexual abuse within the religious institution. The General Commission on Status and Role of Women maintains a website, UMSexualEthics.org, with information on dealing with sexual harassment and abuse when it occurs in a church setting. Yet we still have a long way to go in confronting and condemning the rape culture running rampant in America today, and in providing healing ministries for its victims.
Now in my maturity, I know that I won't ever be completely free of the effects of being assaulted. Whenever a post-traumatic behavior begins to manifest, I still have to reassure myself consciously that I am safe and in control of my environment. Every time I'm prone to a bout of emotional eating, thinking that if I get fat and ugly I won't be a target, I have to remind me that such behavior isn't really taking good care of myself. Every time I get unreasonably angry over nothing, I have to stop, breathe and say to myself that there's nothing to fear.
But there is. Until "enough is enough" prompts us to overcome the rape culture that says it's OK for men to assault women and girls sexually, the fear will always be there.
A journalist for more than 40 years and a certified spiritual director, Cynthia B. Astle serves as founder and editor of United Methodist Insight.


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|2 - 6 players
|average 180 minutes
|Published in 1998
|View on boardgamegeek.com
|Economic Negotiation Space Exploration
|Auction/Bidding Set Collection Stock Holding Trading Roll / Spin and Move Player Elimination
This is a US Space Program flavored version of the classic board game. It comes with 8 customized tokens (satellite, astronaut, shuttle, lunar rover, space capsule, lunar lander, the Hubble, or the Mars Sojourner), a board with space program related destinations, hangars and space centers instead of houses and hotels, and Moon and Earth cards. It also features a complete mission manual with additional information on the US Space Program.
|Total Games Played on NemeStats:
|Total Gaming Groups With This Game
|Average Players Per Game


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Child Care Badge
(Discover the Home)
By Kerry Cordy
Preschool: Do three requirements including the one starred *
_____1.* Learn how to properly hold a baby. Why should you support it's neck? Why is it important to always have an adult around when you're holding or watching a baby? Learn how you should safely behave around babies.
Level 1: Do four requirements including the two starred *
_____1.* Do Preschool requirement 1. Learn how to "childproof" a room...
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Ask Anything, Explore Everything
A monthly membership site for earning badges that create and encourage lifelong learners… perfect for homeschools, schools, clubs, churches, and adults~
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Awards and Recognitions
The Edge Billion Ringgit Club recognised and awarded Rimbunan Sawit Berhad the best performing stock company under plantation category in Year 2012, a prestigious award in recognition of its overall commitment to its stakeholders.
RSB Managing Director, Mr Tiong Chiong Ong was awarded IPO HRD Leadership Award by OUM at the 9th IPO-OUM Awards Ceremony in September Year 2013 in recognition of his exemplary leadership and outstanding contribution to the promotion of human capital development effort in the plantation industry.
The group of qualified RSB employees graduated at IPO-OUM Awards Ceremony proves that RSB is on par with other industries in terms of promoting staff education and commitment to promoting lifelong learning.
ISO 9001:2015 Certification – Malaysia Standard, awarded to R.H. Plantation Sdn. Bhd. - Palm Oil Mill (153619-A) for Processing of Fresh Fruit Bunches(FFB), Extraction of Crude Palm Oil(CPO) & Recovery of Palm Kernel(PK)


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- Canary Islands
- Where to stay
- Weather
- Events
- Things To Do
- Best Tours
The Cabildo of Gran Canaria will allocate more than 400,000 euros to plant 8,000 laurel trees and thermophilic forest in the eight largest farms that it owns in the northern midlands of Gran Canaria as part of the fight against forest fires and to promote biodiversity.
The farms where the trees will be planted are the Osorio farm in Teror, La Cazuela de Firgas, El Brezal de Guía, Los Chorros, Los Tilos and Peñón de Moya, and San José del Álamo and Montaña de San Gregorio in the capital, for which the Cabildo will tender a four-year contract for which 2,000 trees will be planted in each year.
The repopulation will mainly extend the laurel populations with fayas, paloblancos, laurels, aceviños and viñátigos, as well as thermophilic species such as dragon trees, wild olive trees, junipers and palm trees in San José del Álamo and Montaña de San Gregorio.
The farms are within the High-Risk Areas for Forest Fires (ZARI), therefore the contract also includes the clearing of 25 hectares of bushes and brambles every year, so that the land is clear of vegetable fuel that accumulates in this area, which is the wettest on the island.
The contract will include the environmental technical direction to establish the annual schedule of clearing, which will be carried out before summer, that is, the time of greatest risk, of repopulation, which is carried out after the summer period to take advantage of the rains, as well as the monitoring of what is planted, always in coordination with the Cabildo's Environment area.
The expense has been distributed in 50,000 euros for 2021, just over 100,000 euros for the period between 2022 to 2024, and another 50,000 euros for the first half of 2025.
This initiative is one more aspect of the Cabildo's work in favor of biodiversity that includes actions such as the Life Nieblas Project to repopulate with 20,000 laurel trees by 2024 more than 30 burned hectares with a high risk of desertification in the Barranco de la Virgen and also contribute to the regeneration of aquifers, which are needed for recovering the Jungle of Doramas, the great green and humid fire-fighting shield of Gran Canaria.


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The Congressional Record App is now available for iPhone as well as iPad. Woooooooooooooot!
New database available: "The Atlantic Archive: UK-US Relations in an Age of Global War 1939-1945 project at The Institute for the Study of the Americas promotes and facilitates research into UK-US relations by creating and sustaining a free online database of digitised British government reports discussing the United States during the Second World War (1939-1945)."
Elon University has posted a bunch of historic photographs to Flickr. (Love the acrobats.)
Larry Ferlazzo has just updated his list of "Best Tools For Cutting-Out & Saving Portions Of Online Videos (Or Annotating Them)." You can find it at http://larryferlazzo.edublogs.org/2010/06/24/the-best-tools-for-cutting-out-saving-portions-of-online-videos/.
Robert Scoble has a great article on scalable living, but I'm kind of jealous because it seems he groks Quora better than I do. On the other hand, it's nice to see an old-school guy (and I mean that in the nicest possible way) who doesn't hate on Facebook.
Familysearch.org has a free guide to Tennessee ancestors.
This'll come in handy: 5 Websites to Watch the 2012 Olympic Games Online. Good morning, Internet…
Categories: morningbuzz


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Dress up your costume, liven up a party and put a smile on people's faces with this hat! Hat is divided in 4 color squares: Yellow, Green, Red and Blue.
Whether you are shopping for Halloween or any other occasion, this hat will make it more fun! 4 color hat is the perfect hat to make your own fashion statement. Brim is edged off in red.
Great for Halloween stage, kids parties or one-on-one play time year round
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We pride ourselves in offering only the highest in quality so please order with confidence:
Being an authorized seller with thousands of satisfied customers, we are here to serve you.
Please contact us with any questions. We appreciate your business.


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Gunfire in downtown Austin injured 13 people early Saturday, leaving two critically injured and authorities without a suspect.
Just before 1:30 a.m., an unknown assailant opened fire in a popular entertainment district closed to vehicle traffic -- but packed with pedestrians.
The police chief said some officers drove the injured to the hospital in their squad cars -- because ambulances couldn't get past the crowd to the wounded.
Elsewhere Saturday morning, ten people were shot in the south side of Chicago, and a 29-year-old woman died. And Friday in Savannah, Georgia, one person was killed and eight others injured, including a 2-year-old, in another shooting.
The weekend of gun violence falls five years after the 2016 attack that killed 49 people at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, which at the time was the deadliest mass shooting in U.S. history.
On the anniversary this weekend, President Joe Biden called for the Senate to pass gun legislation to address the "public health epidemic of gun violence." But such legislation is expected to face determined Republican opposition in Congress.


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ENGLEWOOD, Colo. --Playing for pride and a winning season, the Broncos roared out of the blocks with their best first half of the season and cruised to a 24-6 win that allowed them to finish with their fifth consecutive winning campaign at 9-7.
After being plagued by slow starts all season -- most recently a 21-7 first-quarter deficit in last week's loss to Oakland -- the Broncos stormed downfield on their opening series to a touchdown via an 8-play, 84-yard match.
The Broncos never trailed,was Oakland's first five possessions ended in punts, with a meager average of just eight net yards per series in the first half. Meanwhile, the Broncos used a balanced offense -- fueled by Justin Forsett's 64-yard sprint -- to march to three touchdowns, with a third-quarter Virgil Green score pushing the Broncos' margin to 24-0 and effectively putting the game out of reach.
A look back at how the three keys to the game affected the outcome:
With an 84-yard game-opening march to an 11-yard Devontae Booker touchdown run, the Broncos started the afternoon with their longest drive since November.
Denver had four drives that covered at least 58 yards Sunday, accounting for all 24 of its points. The Broncos racked up a 10-minute, 50-second advantage in time of possession and ran 17 more plays than the Raiders.
The Broncos set the tone for their work against Oakland's ground game on the Raiders' first snap. Denver used a five-linebacker, one-cornerback alignment and crowded 10 players into the box to counter the Raiders' expeced ground emphasis.
Oakland was unable to generate anything close to the type of ground attack it had in Week 9, when the Raiders slashed through the Broncos for 218 rushing yards. Sunday, the Broncos held Oakland to just 59 yards on 16 carries. Just two of Oakland's 16 rushes moved the chains.
Along with the Broncos' series of long drives, the struggling ground game forced Oakland to the air, where quarterbacks Matt McGloin and Connor Cook combined for 171 yards on 20-of-32 passing with an interception.
Both of Denver's 1,000-yard wide receivers left with injuries. Emmanuel Sanders departed after suffering a foot injury on the initial series of the game, while Demaryius Thomas was sidelined with a foot injury in the second half. Neither of their injuries is considered serious.
Inside linebacker Zaire Anderson sustained the scariest injury while covering a third-quarter punt. Anderson collided with fellow linebacker Quentin Gause, and remained on the field for several minutes while being treated by Broncos medical personnel.
Anderson was taken to a local hospital and had movement in both arms and legs.


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I pray before You now, day and night, for the children of Israel Your servants, and confess the sins of the children of Israel which we have sinned against You. (Nehemiah 1:6)
It is one thing, beloved, for us to get a kind of public concern about things and then begin to make a great noise about it amongst men; to advertise, to demonstrate, and to give it a public form in utterance and effort and organization; to join ourselves to some cause, or to join some cause to ourselves, and then in that cause to make a great big affair of it: that is one thing. And that may have all manner of elements which just fall short of that which is essential and necessary from the Lord's standpoint. It is one thing to come to a situation from the outside, and link ourselves on with it, and take it up, and make it our work for life, our life-interest; it is quite another thing for the Lord to put into our hearts, in secret, an almost unbearable, intolerable burden which is His own heart-burden, and for us first of all to bear that thing secretly in the presence of God upon our hearts in a deep out-pouring of travailing prayer; quite another thing to come to the Lord's interests in that way.
There are plenty of people whom you could get interested in a cause; whom you could get to take up a piece of work requiring help, but it is another thing to have that spiritual fellowship with God which results in God putting His travail into your own soul. The difference is that in the one instance the thing is something objective; we come along and interest ourselves in it, take it up; but it is apart from us. It has our interest, it has our energy, it has our resources, but it is something objective to ourselves. It is a piece of work, a movement, a testimony using that word in a technical sense. The other thing is this: before the Lord we take responsibility. Do you notice that "we" in chapter 1, verse 6? Nehemiah is a part of this and this is a part of him. You notice how, all the way through, in dealing with this matter he uses the word "we." He is apart from the whole thing, that is, he has not accepted the conditions; he is not responsible for the state of things; he certainly repudiates the whole thing, and does not for one moment agree with it, and yet he is in this thing as though he were responsible for it; as though God could lay it all at his own door. The thing has come so near to his own heart that he does not stand here and the situation there, but he finds himself as one with it. It is his own burden, and he takes the thing in responsibility upon his own shoulders before God in prayer, and prays vicarious prayer over this situation.
Open Windows messages have been selected and compiled by Austin-Sparks.Net from the works of T. Austin-Sparks. In some cases they appear in abridged form. The introductory verse and its associated Bible version have been selected by the editor and did not always appear within the original message. In keeping with T. Austin-Sparks' wishes that what was freely received should be freely given and not sold for profit, and that his messages be reproduced word for word, we ask if you choose to share these messages with others, to please respect his wishes and offer them freely - free of any changes, free of any charge and with this statement included. Print books can be ordered from Emmanuel Church free of charge.
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