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Lonesome Dove
A Novel
Table of Contents
About The Book
Journey to the dusty little Texas town of Lonesome Dove and meet an unforgettable assortment of heroes and outlaws, whores and ladies, Indians and settlers. Richly authentic, beautifully written, always dramatic, Lonesome Dove is a book to make us laugh, weep, dream, and remember.
WHENAUGUSTUS CAME OUT on the porch the blue pigs were eating a rat-tlesnake—not a very big one. It had probably just been crawling around looking for shade when it ran into the pigs. They were having a fine tug-of-war with it, and its rattling days were over. The sow had it by the neck, and the shoat had the tail.
"You pigs git," Augustus said, kicking the shoat. "Head on down to the creek if you want to eat that snake." It was the porch he begrudged them, not the snake. Pigs on the porch just made things hotter, and things were already hot enough. He stepped down into the dusty yard and walked around to the springhouse to get his jug. The sun was still high, sulled in the sky like a mule, but Augustus had a keen eye for sun, and to his eye the long light from the west had taken on an encouraging slant.
Evening took a long time getting to Lonesome Dove, but when it came it was a comfort. For most of the hours of the day—and most of the months of the year—the sun had the town trapped deep in dust, far out in the chaparral flats, a heaven for snakes and horned toads, roadrunners and stinging lizards, but a hell for pigs and Tennesseans. There was not even a respectable shade tree within twenty or thirty miles; in fact, the actual location of the nearest decent shade was a matter of vigorous debate in the offices—if you wanted to call a roofless barn and a couple of patched-up corrals offices—of the Hat Creek Cattle Company, half of which Augustus owned.
His stubborn partner, Captain W. F. Call, maintained that there was excellent shade as close as Pickles Gap, only twelve miles away, but Augustus wouldn't allow it. Pickles Gap was if anything a more worthless community than Lonesome Dove. It had only sprung up because a fool from north Georgia named Wesley Pickles had gotten himself and his family lost in the mesquites for about ten days. When he finally found a clearing, he wouldn't leave it, and Pickles Gap came into being, mainly attracting travelers like its founder, which is to say people too weak-willed to be able to negotiate a few hundred miles of mesquite thicket without losing their nerve.
The springhouse was a little lumpy adobe building, so cool on the inside that Augustus would have been tempted to live in it had it not been for its popularity with black widows, yellow jackets and centipedes. When he opened the door he didn't immediately see any centipedes but he did immediately hear the nervous buzz of a rattlesnake that was evidently smarter than the one the pigs were eating. Augustus could just make out the snake, coiled in a corner, but decided not to shoot it; on a quiet spring evening in Lonesome Dove, a shot could cause complications. Everybody in town would hear it and conclude either that the Comanches were down from the plains or the Mexicans up from the river. If any of the customers of the Dry Bean, the town's one saloon, happened to be drunk or unhappy—which was very likely—they would probably run out into the street and shoot a Mexican or two, just to be on the safe side.
At the very least, Call would come stomping up from the lots, only to be annoyed to discover it had just been a snake. Call had no respect whatsoever for snakes, or for anyone who stood aside for snakes. He treated rattlers like gnats, disposing of them with one stroke of whatever tool he had in hand. "A man that slows down for snakes might as well walk," he often said, a statement that made about as much sense to an educated man as most of the things Call said.
Augustus held to a more leisurely philosophy. He believed in giving creatures a little time to think, so he stood in the sun a few minutes until the rattler calmed down and crawled out a hole. Then he reached in and lifted his jug out of the mud. It had been a dry year, even by the standards of Lonesome Dove, and the spring was just springing enough to make a nice mud puddle. The pigs spent half their time rooting around the springhouse, hoping to get into the mud, but so far none of the holes in the adobe was big enough to admit a pig.
The damp burlap the jug was wrapped in naturally appealed to the centipedes, so Augustus made sure none had sneaked under the wrapping before he uncorked the jug and took a modest swig. The one white barber in Lonesome Dove, a fellow Tennessean named Dillard Brawley, had to do his barbering on one leg because he had not been cautious enough about centipedes. Two of the vicious red-legged variety had crawled into his pants one night and Dillard had got up in a hurry and had neglected to shake out the pants. The leg hadn't totally rotted off, but it had rotted sufficiently that the family got nervous about blood poisoning and persuaded he and Call to saw it off.
For a year or two Lonesome Dove had had a real doctor, but the young man had lacked good sense. A vaquero with a loose manner that everybody was getting ready to hang at the first excuse anyway passed out from drink one night and let a blister bug crawl in his ear. The bug couldn't find its way out, but it could move around enough to upset the vaquero, who persuaded the young doctor to try and flush it. The young man was doing his best with some warm salt water, but the vaquero lost his temper and shot him. It was a fatal mistake on the vaquero's part: someone blasted his horse out from under him as he was racing away, and the incensed citizenry, most of whom were nearby at the Dry Bean, passing the time, hung him immediately.
Unfortunately no medical man had taken an interest in the town since, and Augustus and Call, both of whom had coped with their share of wounds, got called on to do such surgery as was deemed essential. Dillard Brawley's leg had presented no problem, except that Dillard screeched so loudly that he injured his vocal cords. He got around good on one leg, but the vocal cords had never fully recovered, which ultimately hurt his business. Dillard had always talked too much, but after the trouble with the centipedes, what he did was whisper too much. Customers couldn't relax under their hot towels for trying to make out Dillard's whispers. He hadn't really been worth listening to, even when he had two legs, and in time many of his customers drifted off to the Mexican barber. Call even used the Mexican, and Call didn't trust Mexicans or barbers.
Augustus took the jug back to the porch and placed his rope-bottomed chair so as to utilize the smidgin of shade he had to work with. As the sun sank, the shade would gradually extend itself across the porch, the wagon yard, Hat Creek, Lonesome Dove and, eventually, the Rio Grande. By the time the shade had reached the river, Augustus would have mellowed with the evening and be ready for some intelligent conversation, which usually involved talking to himself. Call would work until slap dark if he could find anything to do, and if he couldn't find anything he would make up something—and Pea Eye was too much of a corporal to quit before the Captain quit, even if Call would have let him.
The two pigs had quietly disregarded Augustus's orders to go to the creek, and were under one of the wagons, eating the snake. That made good sense, for the creek was just as dry as the wagon yard, and farther off. Fifty weeks out of the year Hat Creek was nothing but a sandy ditch, and the fact that the two pigs didn't regard it as a fit wallow was a credit to their intelligence. Augustus often praised the pigs' intelligence in a running argument he had been having with Call for the last few years. Augustus maintained that pigs were smarter than all horses and most people, a claim that galled Call severely.
"No slop-eating pig is as smart as a horse," Call said, before going on to say worse things.
As was his custom, Augustus drank a fair amount of whiskey as he sat and watched the sun ease out of the day. If he wasn't tilting the rope-bottomed chair, he was tilting the jug. The days in Lonesome Dove were a blur of heat and as dry as chalk, but mash whiskey took some of the dry away and made Augustus feel nicely misty inside—foggy and cool as a morning in the Tennessee hills. He seldom got downright drunk, but he did enjoy feeling misty along about sundown, keeping his mood good with tasteful swigs as the sky to the west began to color up. The whiskey didn't damage his intellectual powers any, but it did make him more tolerant of the raw sorts he had to live with: Call and Pea Eye and Deets, young Newt, and old Bolivar, the cook.
When the sky had pinked up nicely over the western flats, Augustus went around to the back of the house and kicked the kitchen door a time or two. "Better warm up the sowbelly and mash a few beans," he said. Old Bolivar didn't answer, so Augustus kicked the door once or twice more, to emphasize his point, and went back to the porch. The blue shoat was waiting for him at the corner of the house, quiet as a cat. It was probably hoping he would drop something—a belt or a pocketknife or a hat—so he could eat it.
"Git from here, shoat," Augustus said. "If you're that hungry go hunt up another snake." It occurred to him that a leather belt couldn't be much tougher or less palatable than the fried goat Bolivar served up three or four times a week. The old man had been a competent Mexican bandit before he ran out of steam and crossed the river. Since then he had led a quiet life, but it was a fact that goat kept turning up on the table. The Hat Creek Cattle Company didn't trade in them, and it was unlikely that Bolivar was buying them out of his own pocket—stealing goats was probably his way of keeping up his old skills. His old skills did not include cooking. The goat meat tasted like it had been fried in tar, but Augustus was the only member of the establishment sensitive enough to raise a complaint. "Bol, where'd you get the tar you fried this goat in?" he asked regularly, his quiet attempt at wit falling as usual on deaf ears. Bolivar ignored all queries, direct or indirect.
Augustus was getting about ready to start talking to the sow and the shoat when he saw Call and Pea Eye walking up from the lots. Pea Eye was tall and lank, had never been full in his life, and looked so awkward that he appeared to be about to fall down even when he was standing still. He looked totally helpless, but that was another case of looks deceiving. In fact, he was one of the ablest men Augustus had ever known. He had never been an outstanding Indian fighter, but if you gave him something he could work at deliberately, like carpentering or blacksmithing, or well-digging or harness repair, Pea was excellent. If he had been a man to do sloppy work, Call would have run him off long before.
Augustus walked down and met the men at the wagons. "It's a little early for you two to be quittin', ain't it, girls?" he said. "Or is this Christmas or what?"
Both men had sweated their shirts through so many times during the day that they were practically black. Augustus offered Call the jug, and Call put a foot on a wagon tongue and took a swig just to rinse the dry out of his mouth. He spat a mouthful of perfectly good whiskey in the dust and handed the jug to Pea Eye.
"Girls yourself," he said. "It ain't Christmas." Then he went on to the house, so abruptly that Augustus was a little taken aback. Call had never been one for fine manners, but if the day's work had gone to his satisfaction he would usually stand and pass the time a minute.
The funny thing about Woodrow Call was how hard he was to keep in scale. He wasn't a big man—in fact, was barely middle-sized—but when you walked up and looked him in the eye it didn't seem that way. Augustus was four inches taller than his partner, and Pea Eye three inches taller yet, but there was no way you could have convinced Pea Eye that Captain Call was the short man. Call had him buffaloed, and in that respect Pea had plenty of company. If a man meant to hold his own with Call it was necessary to keep in mind that Call wasn't as big as he seemed. Augustus was the one man in south Texas who could usually keep him in scale, and he built on his advantage whenever he could. He started many a day by pitching Call a hot biscuit and remarking point-blank, "You know, Call, you ain't really no giant."
A simple heart like Pea could never understand such behavior. It gave Augustus a laugh sometimes to consider that Call could hoodwink a man nearly twice his size, getting Pea to confuse the inner with the outer man. But of course Call himself had such a single-track mind that he scarcely realized he was doing it. He just did it. What made it a fascinating trick was that Call had never noticed that he had a trick. The man never wasted five minutes appreciating himself; it would have meant losing five minutes off whatever job he had decided he wanted to get done that day.
"It's a good thing I ain't scairt to be lazy," Augustus told him once.
"You may think so. I don't," Call said.
"Hell, Call, if I worked as hard as you, there'd be no thinking done at all around this outfit. You stay in a lather fifteen hours a day. A man that's always in a lather can't think nothin' out."
"I'd like to see you think the roof back on that barn," Call said.
A strange little wind had whipped over from Mexico and blown the roof off clean as a whistle, three years before. Fortunately it only rained in Lonesome Dove once or twice a year, so the loss of the roof didn't result in much suffering for the stock, when there was stock. It mostly meant suffering for Call, who had never been able to locate enough decent lumber to build a new roof. Unfortunately a rare downpour had occurred only about a week after the wind dropped the old roof in the middle of Hat Creek. It had been a real turd-floater, and also a lumber-floater, washing much of the roof straight into the Rio Grande.
"If you think so much, why didn't you think of that rain?" Call asked. Ever since, he had been throwing the turd-floater up to Augustus. Give Call a grievance, however silly, and he would save it like money.
Pea Eye wasn't spitting out any mash whiskey. He had a skinny neck— his Adam's apple bulged so when he drank that it reminded Augustus of a snake with a frog stuck in its gullet.
"Call looks mad enough to kick the stump," Augustus said, when Pea finally stopped to breathe.
"She bit a hunk out of him, that's why," Pea said. "I don't know why the Captain wants to keep her."
"Fillies are his only form of folly," Augustus said. "What's he doing letting a horse bite him? I thought you boys were digging the new well?"
"Hit rock," Pea said. "Ain't room for but one man to swing a pick down in that hole, so Newt swung it while I shod horses. The Captain took a ride. I guess he thought he had her sweated down. He turned his back on her and she bit a hunk out."
The mare in question was known around town as the Hell Bitch. Call had bought her in Mexico, from some caballeros who claimed to have killed an Indian to get her—a Comanche, they said. Augustus doubted that part of the story: it was unlikely one Comanche had been riding around by himself in that part of Mexico, and if there had been two Comanches the caballeros wouldn't have lived to do any horse trading. The mare was a dapple gray, with a white muzzle and a white streak down her forehead, too tall to be pure Indian pony and too short-barreled to be pure thoroughbred. Her disposition did suggest some time spent with Indians, but which Indians and how long was anybody's guess. Every man who saw her wanted to buy her, she was that stylish, but Call wouldn't even listen to an offer, though Pea Eye and Newt were both anxious to see her sold. They had to work around her every day and suffered accordingly. She had once kicked Newt all the way into the blacksmith's shop and nearly into the forge. Pea Eye was at least as scared of her as he was of Comanches, which was saying a lot.
"What's keeping Newt?" Augustus asked.
"He may have went to sleep down in that well," Pea Eye said.
Then Augustus saw the boy walking up from the lots, so tired he was barely moving. Pea Eye was half drunk by the time Newt finally made the wagons.
"'I god, Newt, I'm glad you got here before fall," Augustus said. "We'd have missed you during the summer."
"I been throwin' rocks at the mare," Newt said, with a grin. "Did you see what a hunk she bit out of the Captain?"
Newt lifted one foot and carefully scraped the mud from the well off the sole of his boot, while Pea Eye continued to wash the dust out of his throat.
Augustus had always admired the way Newt could stand on one leg while cleaning the other boot. "Look at that, Pea," he said. "I bet you can't do that."
Pea Eye was so used to seeing Newt stand on one leg to clean his boot that he couldn't figure out what it was Gus thought he couldn't do. A few big swigs of liquor sometimes slowed his thinking down to a crawl. This usually happened at sundown, after a hard day of well-digging or horseshoeing; at such times Pea was doubly glad he worked with the Captain, rather than Gus. The less talk the Captain had to listen to, the better humor he was in, whereas Gus was just the opposite. He'd rattle off five or six different questions and opinions, running them all together like so many unbranded cattle—it made it hard to pick out one and think about it carefully and slowly, the only ways Pea Eye liked to think. At such times his only recourse was to pretend the questions had hit him in his deaf ear, the left one, which hadn't really worked well since the day of their big fight with the Keechis—what they called the Stone House fight. It had been pure confusion, since the Indians had been smart enough to fire the prairie grass, smoking things up so badly that no one could see six feet ahead. They kept bumping into Indians in the smoke and having to shoot point-blank; a Ranger right next to Pea had spotted one and fired too close to Pea's ear.
That was the day the Indians got away with their horses, which made Captain Call about as mad as Pea had ever seen him. It meant they had to walk down the Brazos for nearly two hundred miles, worrying constantly about what would happen if the Comanches discovered they were afoot. Pea Eye hadn't noticed he was half deaf until they had walked most of the way out.
Fortunately, while he was worrying the question of what it was he couldn't do, old Bolivar began to whack the dinner bell, which put an end to discussion. The old dinner bell had lost its clapper, but Bolivar had found a crowbar that somebody had managed to break, and he laid into the bell so hard that you couldn't have heard the clapper if there had been one.
The sun had finally set, and it was so still along the river that they could hear the horses swishing their tails, down in the lots—or they could until Bolivar laid into the bell. Although he probably knew they were standing around the wagons, in easy hearing distance, Bolivar continued to pound the bell for a good five minutes. Bolivar pounded the bell for reasons of his own; even Call couldn't control him in that regard. The sound drowned out the quiet of sunset, which annoyed Augustus so much that at times he was tempted to go up and shoot the old man, just to teach him a lesson.
"I figure he's calling bandits," Augustus said, when the ringing finally stopped. They started for the house, and the pigs fell in with them, the shoat eating a lizard he had caught somewhere. The pigs liked Newt even better than Augustus—when he didn't have anything better to do he would feed them scraps of rawhide and scratch their ears.
"If them bandits were to come, maybe the Captain would let me start wearing a gun," Newt said wistfully. It seemed he would never get old enough to wear a gun, though he was well into his teens.
"If you was to wear a gun somebody would just mistake you for a gunfighter and shoot you," Augustus said, noting the boy's wistful look. "It ain't worth it. If Bol ever calls up any bandits I'll lend you my Henry."
"That old man can barely cook," Pea Eye remarked. "Where would he get any bandits?"
"Why, you remember that greasy bunch he had," Augustus said. "We used to buy horses from 'em. That's the only reason Call hired him to cook. In the business we're in, it don't hurt to know a few horsethieves, as long as they're Mexicans. I figure Bol's just biding his time. As soon as he gains our trust his bunch will sneak up some night and murder us all."
He didn't believe anything of the kind—he just liked to stimulate the boy once in a while, and Pea too, though Pea was an exceptionally hard man to stimulate, being insensitive to most fears. Pea had just sense enough to fear Comanches—that didn't require an abundance of sense. Mexican bandits did not impress him.
Newt had more imagination. He turned and looked across the river, where a big darkness was about to settle. Every now and then, about sundown, the Captain and Augustus and Pea and Deets would strap on guns and ride off into that darkness, into Mexico, to return about sunup with thirty or forty horses or perhaps a hundred skinny cattle. It was the way the stock business seemed to work along the border, the Mexican ranchers raiding north while the Texans raided south. Some of the skinny cattle spent their lives being chased back and forth across the Rio Grande. Newt's fondest hope was to get old enough to be taken along on the raids. Many a night he lay in his hot little bunk, listening to old Bolivar snore and mumble below him, peering out the window toward Mexico, imagining the wild doings that must be going on. Once in a while he even heard gunfire, though seldom more than a shot or two, from up or down the river—it got his imagination to working all the harder.
"You can go when you're grown," the Captain said, and that was all he said. There was no arguing with it, either—not if you were just hired help. Arguing with the Captain was a privilege reserved for Mr. Gus.
They no sooner got in the house than Mr. Gus began to exercise the privilege. The Captain had his shirt off, letting Bolivar treat his mare bite. She had got him just above the belt. Enough blood had run down into his pants that one pants leg was caked with it. Bol was about to pack the bite with his usual dope, a mixture of axle grease and turpentine, but Mr. Gus made him wait until he could get a look at the wound himself.
"'I god, Woodrow," Augustus said. "As long as you've worked around horses it looks like you'd know better than to turn your back on a Kiowa mare."
Call was thinking of something and didn't answer for a minute. What he was thinking was that the moon was in the quarter—what they called the rustler's moon. Let it get full over the pale flats and some Mexicans could see well enough to draw a fair bead. Men he'd ridden with for years were dead and buried, or at least dead, because they'd crossed the river under a full moon. No moon at all was nearly as bad: then it was too hard to find the stock, and too hard to move it. The quarter moon was the right moon for a swing below the border. The brush country to the north was already thick with cattlemen, making up their spring herds and getting trail crews together; it wouldn't be a week before they began to drift into Lonesome Dove. It was time to go gather cattle.
"Who said she was Kiowa?" he said, looking at Augustus.
"I've reasoned it out," Augustus said. "You could have done the same if you ever stopped working long enough to think."
"I can work and think too," Call said. "You're the only man I know whose brain don't work unless it's in the shade."
Augustus ignored the remark. "I figure it was a Kiowa on his way to steal a woman that lost that mare," he said. "Your Comanche don't hunger much after señoritas. White women are easier to steal, and don't eat as much besides. The Kiowa are different. They fancy señoritas."
"Can we eat or do we have to wait till the argument's over?" Pea Eye asked.
"We starve if we wait for that," Bolivar said, plunking a potful of sowbelly and beans down on the rough table. Augustus, to the surprise of no one, was the first to fill his plate.
"I don't know where you keep finding these Mexican strawberries," he said, referring to the beans. Bolivar managed to find them three hundred and sixty-five days a year, mixing them with so many red chilies that a spoonful of beans was more or less as hot as a spoonful of red ants. Newt had come to think that only two things were certain if you worked for the Hat Creek Cattle Company. One was that Captain Call would think of more things to do than he and Pea Eye and Deets could get done, and the other was that beans would be available at all meals. The only man in the outfit who didn't fart frequently was old Bolivar himself—he never touched beans and lived mainly on sourdough biscuits and chickory coffee, or rather cups of brown sugar with little puddles of coffee floating on top. Sugar cost money, too, and it irked the Captain to spend it, but Bolivar could not be made to break a habit. Augustus claimed the old man's droppings were so sugary that the blue shoat had taken to stalking him every time he went to shit, which might have been true. Newt had all he could do to keep clear of the shoat, and his own droppings were mostly bean.
By the time Call got his shirt on and came to the table, Augustus was reaching for a second helping. Pea and Newt were casting nervous glances at the pot, hoping for seconds themselves but too polite to grab before everyone had been served. Augustus's appetite was a kind of natural calamity. Call had watched it with amazement for thirty years and yet it still surprised him to see how much Augustus ate. He didn't work unless he had to, and yet he could sit down night after night and out-eat three men who had put in a day's labor.
In their rangering days, when things were a little slow the boys would sit around and swap stories about Augustus's eating. Not only did he eat a lot, he ate it fast. The cook that wanted to hold him at the grub for more than ten minutes had better have a side of beef handy.
Call pulled out a chair and sat down. As Augustus was ladling himself a big scoop of beans, Call stuck his plate under the ladle. Newt thought it such a slick move that he laughed out loud.
"Many thanks," Call said. "If you ever get tired of loafing I guess you could get a job waiting tables."
"Why, I had a job waiting tables once," Augustus said, pretending he had meant to serve Call the beans. "On a riverboat. I wasn't no older than Newt when I had that job. The cook even wore a white hat."
"What for?" Pea Eye asked.
"Because it's what real cooks are supposed to wear," Augustus said, looking at Bolivar, who was stirring a little coffee into his brown sugar. "Not so much a hat as a kind of big white cap—it looked like it could have been made out of a bedsheet."
"I'd be damned if I'd wear one," Call said.
"Nobody would be loony enough to hire you to cook, Woodrow," Augustus said. "The cap is supposed to keep the cook's old greasy hairs from falling into the food. I wouldn't be surprised if some of Bol's hairs have found their way into this sow bosom."
Newt looked at Bolivar, sitting over by the stove in his dirty serape. Bolivar's hair looked like it had had a can of secondhand lard poured over it. Once every few months Bol would change clothes and go visit his wife, but his efforts at improving his appearance never went much higher than his mustache, which he occasionally tried to wax with grease of some kind.
"How come you to quit the riverboat?" Pea Eye asked.
"I was too young and pretty," Augustus said. "The whores wouldn't let me alone."
Call was sorry it had come up. He didn't like talk about whores—not anytime, but particularly not in front of the boy. Augustus had little shame, if any. It had long been a sore spot between them.
"I wish they'd drownt you then," Call said, annoyed. Conversation at the table seldom led to any good.
Newt kept his eyes on his plate, as he usually did when the Captain grew annoyed.
"Drown me?" Augustus said. "Why, if anybody had tried it, those girls would have clawed them to shreds." He knew Call was mad, but wasn't much inclined to humor him. It was his dinner table as much as Call's, and if Call didn't like the conversation he could go to bed.
Call knew there was no point in arguing. That was what Augustus wanted: argument. He didn't really care what the question was, and it made no great difference to him which side he was on. He just plain loved to argue, whereas Call hated to. Long experience had taught him that there was no winning arguments with Augustus, even in cases where there was a simple right and wrong at issue. Even in the old days, when they were in the thick of it, with Indians and hardcases to worry about, Augustus would seize any chance for a dispute. Practically the closest call they ever had, when the two of them and six Rangers got surprised by the Comanches up the Prairie Dog Fork of the Red and were all digging holes in the bank that could have turned out to be their graves if they hadn't been lucky and got a cloudy night and sneaked away, Augustus had kept up a running argument with a Ranger they called Ugly Bobby. The argument was entirely about coon dogs, and Augustus had kept it up all night, though most of the Rangers were so scared they couldn't pass water.
Of course the boy lapped up Augustus's stories about riverboats and whores. The boy hadn't been anywhere, so it was all romance to him.
"Listening to you brag about women don't improve the taste of my food," he said, finally.
"Call, if you want better food you have to start by shooting Bolivar," Augustus said, reminded of his own grievance against the cook.
"Bol, I want you to quit whackin' that bell with that crowbar," he said. "You can do it at noon if you want to but let off doin' it at night. A man with any sense can tell when it's sundown. You've spoilt many a pretty evening for me, whackin' that bell."
Bolivar stirred his sugary coffee and held his peace. He whacked the dinner bell because he liked the sound, not because he wanted anybody to come and eat. The men could eat when they liked—he would whack the bell when he liked. He enjoyed being a cook—it was a good deal more relaxing than being a bandit—but that didn't mean that he intended to take orders. His sense of independence was undiminished.
"Gen-eral Lee freed the slaves," he remarked in a surly tone.
Newt laughed. Bol never had been able to get the war straight, but he had been genuinely sorry when it ended. In fact, if it had kept going he would probably have stayed a bandit—it was a safe and profitable profession with most of the Texans gone. But the ones who came back from the war were mostly bandits themselves, and they had better guns. The profession immediately became overcrowded. Bolivar knew it was time to quit, but once in a while he got the urge for a little shooting.
"It wasn't General Lee, it was Abe Lincoln who freed the slaves," Augustus pointed out.
Bolivar shrugged. "No difference," he said.
"A big difference," Call said. "One was a Yankee and one wasn't."
Pea Eye got interested for a minute. The beans and sowbelly had revived him. He had been very interested in the notion of emancipation and had studied over it a lot while he went about his work. It was obviously just pure luck that he himself hadn't been born a slave, but if he had been unlucky Lincoln would have freed him. It gave him a certain admiration for the man.
"He just freed Americans," he pointed out to Bolivar.
Augustus snorted. "You're in over your head, Pea," he said. "Who Abe Lincoln freed was a bunch of Africans, no more American than Call here."
Call pushed back his chair. He was not about to sit around arguing slavery after a long day, or after a short one either.
"I'm as American as the next," he said, taking his hat and picking up a rifle.
"You was born in Scotland," Augustus reminded him. "I know they brought you over when you was still draggin' on the tit, but that don't make you no less a Scot."
Call didn't reply. Newt looked up and saw him standing at the door, his hat on and his Henry in the crook of his arm. A couple of big moths flew past his head, drawn to the light of the kerosene lamp on the table. With nothing more said, the Captain went out the door.
© 1985 Larry McMurtry
Product Details
- Publisher: Simon & Schuster (June 15, 2010)
- Length: 864 pages
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Raves and Reviews
"If you read only one western novel in your life, read Lonesome Dove."—USA Today
"Everything about Lonesome Dove feels true . . . These are real people, and they are still larger than life."—Nicholas Lemann, The New York Times Book Review
"Lonesome Dove is Larry McMurtry's loftiest novel."—Los Angeles Times
"A marvelous novel . . . moves with joyous energy . . . amply imagined and crisply, lovingly written. I haven't enjoyed a book more this year . . . a joyous epic."--Newsweek
"The finest novel that McMurtry has yet accomplished . . . Lonesome Dove has all the action anyone could possibly imagine . . . [and] both in general and in details, the authority of exact authenticity . . . superb."--Chicago Tribune
Awards and Honors
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Ridge - 2682 at Elkhorn
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Mountain lodge ambiance awaits you in this warmly decorated, spacious, and comfortable condo. Located on the 8th green of the Elkhorn golf course, the condo features golf course and mountain views, the community bike/pedestrian path, and the Mountain Rides bus stop for a short ride to the ski areas, Sun Valley village, and Ketchum.
This two-level 2 bedroom/2 bathroom condo features a fully equipped kitchen, a fireplace, and a full-size washer/dryer. The primary bedroom has a queen bed, and the guest bedroom has two twin beds. Both bedrooms have a private full bathroom.
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Kay Bojesen's original Grand Prix cutlery was created in silver in the 1930's and presented for the first time at Designsmuseum Denmark in Copenhagen in 1938. Kay Bojesen's mission was to create the perfect cutlery which was beautiful, functional, and would never steel the attention away from the dinner on the table. The Grand Prix cutlery got it's name when Kay Bojesen won the first prize at the Triennale in Milan in 1951.
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2 Pieces Pewter Base Metal Wide Oval with Dream Charm Pendant
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Line 6 HX Stomp XL is … the HX Stomp Expanded!
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Line 6 new HX Stomp XL! Click here, or image below to see more information!
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About the Author: Hello. Welcome to TheToneKing.com! My name is Louis, but in name of good fun & entertainment - I call myself The Tone King. This website was born back in 2008, to compliment the videos I started uploading to YouTube on guitar & related gear (guitar, amps, pedals, etc.). It has since grown, thanks to the thousands that tune in, making it what it is. If you subscribe to TheToneKing.com, you can expect lots of Guitar, Amp, Pedal Reviews & Shoot-Out videos. I also have monthly Live Webcasts, perform Artist Interviews, and try to get all the juicy coverage Backstage and at trade-shows like NAMM. The cherry on top is that there are no shortage of How-To Videos & TTK Killer Deal Alerts getting you the most knowledge & gear into your hands & mind! Thanks for stopping by to check out my website! Rock ON!
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Now it's time for you to link up your favorite rainbow posts!
Arts, crafts, food, play,
This is such a great idea. Now you have beautiful planting pots!ReplyDelete
Thank you Melissa! I think they'd make great catch all pots for having around the house as well :)Delete
These are BEAUTIFUL! I absolutely love them. I've been thinking about doing some mosaic decorationon our flower pots but I think this will be much more appealing to my pre-schooler. Thank you for the inspiration!ReplyDelete
I'm so happy to have inspired you Ness! If you end up pour painting some pots I'd love to see a picture on my FB page!Delete
Wow such beautiful pots! I could do with something like this to brighten up my herb garden.ReplyDelete
Yes! They'd be perfect for an herb garden!Delete
I saw the video of the artists that did this project. I LOVE your idea and we were planning on making our own pots anyways this year! Thanks for the inspiration!
Awesome Tricia! I hope you do make some, they were so fun. We watched a video on it last year when we first did pour painting, so neat to watch :)Delete
Now that one fine piece of art! They are beautiful:)ReplyDelete
Thanks for visiting Deborah! I think they're beautiful too :)Delete
What beautiful flower pots! Great idea!ReplyDelete
Thanks Crystal!Delete
Wow, they look amazing. I would never have imagined that would work. Looks like fun to make too.ReplyDelete
lol, I have to admit, I wasn't sure it would work either but so glad it did! They really were fun to make!Delete
your pots look incredible. what a great ideaReplyDelete
Thank you!Delete
Wow, these pots are amazing. They are so colorful! Love it!ReplyDelete
Thanks Melanie!Delete
This is such a fantastic idea! I love it. And what a great gift idea too!ReplyDelete
Thanks Lyndsay, I really hope the moms we give them to will love them as much as we doDelete
WOW!!!! You are amazing!!! Pinning this as I want to remember to do this someday.ReplyDelete
Thanks for pinning Rebekah! I'd love to see yours if you do them!Delete
I LOVE these! Wow, so beautiful and each one different to the next. What a beautiful gift idea!ReplyDelete
Thank you CazDelete
Beautiful!! I love this idea! No 2 pots will look the same, yet they all look like they belong together. Definitely filing this idea away as a way to add some more color to our gardening activities. Thanks for sharing :)ReplyDelete
You're welcome, I hope you get a chance to try this!Delete
Stunning. Of course :-) I just love them. What a perfect Mother's Day idea.ReplyDelete
Thanks Chrissy :)Delete
Oh my this is soooooo pretty! How very gorgeous. Wonderful how they turned out. I am inspired!
Thanks Maggy!Delete
those are STUNNING Alaecia!!ReplyDelete
Thanks so much Anna!Delete
These are gorgeous! What a great technique.ReplyDelete
Thanks Trisha, it really is a great technique, so fun!Delete
if you put multiple layers of newspaper under cut like a christmas tree skirt, then the paint soaked paper could be pulled out without disturbing the drying pot. then you could insert a tall jar under the upside down pot to hold it off the work surface, the paint will just run off. the pot could remain there until dry.ReplyDelete
Thanks Anon! I had originally had the pots on the cardboard because I was planning on keeping the cardboard but ended up not keeping it. Luckily I found that the acrylic dried quite fast and I was able to flip the pots and let them finish drying on a tippy top shelf away from little fingers and a big fluffy puppy!Delete
We attempted these yesterday and let them dry overnight! So awesome! I'm not sure who enjoyed it more -- the kids or me! LOL
Your turned out great Genny, it is a lot of fun isn't it!?Delete
I NEED to do this! We're creating a fabulous children's garden and these pots will just make it pop! Thanks for sharing. Great post!ReplyDelete
These pots would look great in a children's garden! Thanks for visiting DebsDelete
Such a fun project - I love this adaptation from the pour painting sculptures. I didn't follow the directions completely, but we still had fun with this project! http://dollarstorecrafts.com/2012/05/tutorial-poured-paint-planter-planting-tips/
I'll be trying it again!
LOVE this!!!!ReplyDelete
I meant to comment on this when you posted it... seriously this is gorgeous and SOOOO COOL! I really really need to try this! Rainbows make me so happy!ReplyDelete
I can't wait to try this with my boys! What a great idea and who doesn't love rainbows?!ReplyDelete
I had to copy you those pots just turned out way to cute I did give you credit with a link to your site of course here is a link to the pots my kiddos created http://familylicious.com/pour-painitng/ Thanks so much for the inspiration!ReplyDelete
Aleacia, Hello! I found you through Familylicious.com. I was wondering if you would mind if I put you on my blogroll. I love your fun art approach. Please email me at [email protected]. Thanks so much, Lisa SMMARTideas.blogspot.comReplyDelete
This is one of the stupidest things I have ever seen and it is such a waste of paint. Those pots definitely do not look nice at all; so tacky looking.ReplyDelete
Man, I sure hope you aren't my mom or Mother's Day is gonna be pretty awkward.....Delete
ROFL at your response Aleacia!! I love you. Really, I do.Delete
this is BEYOND the coolest thing i've ever seen. came over from in lieu of preschool where she did this and sent us here to read the directions! we've really got to do this soon! pinned it and am sharing on FB!ReplyDelete
I love the look of these pots and I have a bunch of pots just sitting around waiting on a project! I do have one question though ... after you squirt the paint on the pots, do you pick up the pots and move the paint around? Thank you! I am a grandma looking for projects to do with my grandchildren this summer.ReplyDelete
Once you add enough paint it will slowly start dripping down the sides by itself, no need to tip the pot :)Delete
You inspired us!! We made some beautiful pour painted pots for end-of-the-year teacher gifts thanks to your post!
Yours turned out lovely, HollyDelete
I have been looking for this technique online for two days! I love this!!!!ReplyDelete
I am nominating you for the "versitile blogger award"...So now, please post about 15 blogs that you love!
Lisa http://SMMARTideas.blogspot.com
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.ReplyDelete
I love the look and followed your exact directions but it did not work at all. I bought acrylic paint but in a squeeze tube and it was too thick to drip. Whe it finally made it to the sides it dropped in big globs and I had to shake it to work. I wanted to make it for a teacher gift but it did not work. What exact paint did you use? I bought mine at Michales?ReplyDelete
You definitely want to use paint in a bottle, not tube. We used craft smart paint from Michael's, apple barrel works well also.Delete
They look so neat! I've never seen this done before. I've book marked it for a fun project with my daughters.ReplyDelete
Hope you enjoy doing this project with your daughters!Delete
Found you on Pinterest. Love this idea. Must try!ReplyDelete
Thanks for stopping by!Delete
Just found this on Pinterest, so I don't know if anyone will even see this comment, lol. What a fantastic idea! I have a shed full of clay pots that could be beautiful painted like this. Don't know if anyone else thought of this...but I would try using the blue painter's tape to cover most of the bottom. That way, when you pull it off it might not leave a jagged edge and your bottom would be smooth. I have used that tape on many other projects-but not yet on clay. It always leaves a smooth line when removed. Plus, you might even be able to use the same piece of tape over and over. I'm going to try that and see if it works better. Thanks so much for this neat idea!
I'd love to hear how the painter's tape works out if you try it!Delete
This is great! Question, did you seal them after they were dry? I want to do this project with kids at our Parent's Night Out and have to figure in drying time. ThanksReplyDelete
We did not seal the pots only because we do not use ours outside. If you don't seal them I'd suggest using a pot linerDelete
Love this! Did this with my kiddos last weekend!
I can't figure out what I'm doing wrong with this project. I love the idea but I've tried it three different times now and can't seem to get it right. Grrrr... The colors seem to blend together or overrun each other and it all ends up looking like a blobby mess. Any suggestions? Please?ReplyDelete
I'm not really sure what you're doing wrong...
are you using acrylic paints? Are you squirting the paint directly into the center? Are you tilting the pot?
Oh wow!1 this is so beautiful!! I just can't wait to try this out!!ReplyDelete
These are absolutely beautiful! Shared your idea in a collection here http://siayla.blogspot.ca/2014/02/got-paint-try-painting-with-out-typical.htmlReplyDelete
This is too cool! I shared it on my site - I hope that's okay! :)ReplyDelete
These are so cool. Did you do something to treat the outside so you can use them outside in rainy Portland OR? and is this done just by letting the paint drip ? NO spinning involved?
I didn't coat them with anything for outside use because I use mine inside. All it is is dripping paint! No spinning involved :)Delete
Hello ! I loooooove your rainbow pots ! They're amazing ! I would like to use the same technique with my son, but I was wondering if acrilyc paint was necessary or if we could use gouache. Have you ever tried with gouache ? Thank you (and sorry for my english...) !ReplyDelete
wow, they're splendid ! Thank you for the tutorial.ReplyDelete
I love these! Thank you for sharing!
I want to do this with my Brownies, but mine just aren't turning out like this. The colors mix and get muddy, or don't flow all the way over the pots. I know you say not a lot, but could you give me an idea of how big the drops should be? (I just can't find anything on YouTube) Do you wait for it to start dripping before going to the next color or do you start the next color right away?
Any advise would be so appreciated! Thanks!


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Download Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus USB Driver (official) for Windows
Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus USB Driver for Windows Computer
Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus USB Driver helps you to connect your Konrow Device to the Windows Computer and transfer data between the device and the computer. It also allows you to Flash Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus Stock Firmware on your Konrow Device using the preloader drivers. Here on this page, we have managed to share the official Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus USB Driver.
It is very necessary to have Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus USB drivers whenever you have to connect Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus to the Pc for the purpose of transferring data or important files. Also, when it comes to updating your Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus manually, it's necessary to have them on your PC. While you are installing or flashing Fastboot firmware on the device, then Konrow USB Drivers are required. Check out the download links given in this post to simply keep up the pace in this matter.
Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus ADB Driver for Windows (11,10,8,7,XP)
Driver Package Name : ADB Driver for windows
Package File Name: usb_driver_r13-windows_(USB-Driver.NET).zip
Driver File Size: 8.27 MB
How to Install: Follow Guidelines
[•] Download Stock Firmware: If you are looking for the Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus Stock Firmware, then head over to the Konrow Firmware page.
How4 to install Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus USB drivers
The Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus USB driver makes almost every task that needs to be performed by connecting the device to PC easier. All the files can be transferred in no time without worrying about anything. Also, there are certain benefits to having it. Before you proceed to download, it is suggested to you to remove the previously installed Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus from your PC in case you have installed it. Once you are done, click the below link to download Konrow USB Drivers on your PC.
How to install Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus ADB Driver on Windows
Konrow ADB Driver can be used to connect the Konrow to the computer and transfer data between the mobile and the computer.
Step 1 : Download and extract Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus ADB Driver (.inf based) (The link is above) on the Computer. If in case, you have already downloaded and extracted the driver, then SKIP this step.
Step 2 : Open Device Manager on the Computer. Press Win + R key from the keyboard and type devmgmt.msc and Click on OK Button:
Step 3 : Once the Device Manager is Launched, Click on the Computer Name (name can vary from the image below):
Step 4 : Click on the Action Menu and Select Add Legacy Hardware option:
Step 5 : Under Add hardware Dialog Box, Click on the Next Button:
Step 6 : Tick on the Install the hardware that I manually select from a list checkbox and Click on the Next Button:
Step 7 : Click on the Next Button:
Step 8 : Then Click on the Have Disk Button:
Step 9 : Click on the Browse Button:
Step 10 : Locate the .inf file from the computer (this file can be found in the extracted driver folder).
Step 11 : Click on the OK Button:
Step 12 : Click on the Next button:
Step 13 : Again Click on the Next button:
Step 14 : Click on the Finish button to complete the installation process (ignore Code 10; it will be gone post restarting the computer).
Step 15 : Your Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus driver is listed in the Device Manager.
Step 16 : Now, Restart the Computer. Once the computer is restarted, you can easily connect your Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus device to the computer.
[•] Driver Signature Error: If you got Driver Signature Error While installing the Konrow K-TAB 701 Plus Driver then See this Video to fix this problem.
[•] Request Konrow Driver: If you are looking for any specific Konrow drivers that is not listed above, then you can request it through the comment box below (do not request driver from the contact page, or else it will be ignored).


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Albion College offers need-based financial aid in the form of grants, scholarships, loans and student employment. Sources of funds include Albion College scholarships, grants and work; private sources; and State of Michigan and federal grant, loan and work programs administered by the College. To apply for need-based financial aid, students must complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). The FAFSA may be completed online at www.fafsa.gov. The Albion College Financial Aid Office will develop a financial aid package based on the FAFSA information. The package may include a combination of grants, scholarships, loans and work. Students have the option of accepting all or part of the aid awarded. Albion College also offers a number of academic scholarships to incoming students. Students who qualify for an academic scholarship receive notification from the Admission Office.
While we do everything we can to assist students with financial need, it is important to remember that, at Albion, we believe the primary responsibility for financing your education lies with you and your family. In awarding need-based aid, the College requires that each student and his/her parent(s) contribute funds toward the cost of the education.
Information about loans, scholarships and work opportunities may be secured by contacting Albion's Financial Aid Office. Entering first-year students applying for financial aid are urged to make their requests by filing the FAFSA by February 15 of their senior year. The deadline for the State of Michigan scholarship/grant program is March 1. For maximum consideration, Albion academic scholarship applications must be received by February 15.
You must reapply annually for need-based financial aid. Based on available funding, aid usually continues at the same level each year, unless there is a change in your financial situation.
The Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended by Congress in 1980 and reauthorized in 1992, mandates that institutions of higher education maintain minimum standards of "satisfactory progress" in order for students to receive financial aid. Albion College makes these standards applicable to all need-based institutional awards, Federal Pell Grants, federal campus-based programs, Federal Direct Loans, Federal PLUS Loans and State of Michigan awards in order to maintain a consistent policy for all students receiving assistance. To satisfy satisfactory progress requirements, a student must maintain a minimum G.P.A. each semester, complete a required number of units each year and complete degree requirements within a determined number of semesters. An Albion College student is eligible for the equivalent of eight full-time semesters of financial aid. Students enrolled in the teacher certification program or the Bachelor of Fine Arts (B.F.A.) program may be required to attend one additional semester. These students will be given nine semesters of aid in which to receive their degree/certificates. Students who do not complete their degree in eight semesters (or nine for teacher certification or B.F.A.) may not be eligible for additional financial aid.
A full-time student is one who is enrolled for at least 3.0 units each semester. A half-time student is one who is enrolled for at least 1.5 units per semester. Students carrying fewer than 1.5 units will be considered a quarter-time student. Semesters in which the student is enrolled exclusively for a one-unit internship, or summer semesters in which the student is enrolled for one unit, do not count toward the maximum semester limitation as indicated above. Other part-time semesters will be equated to full-time semesters. Students planning to enroll part-time should notify the Financial Aid Office.
All full-time semesters for which the student is enrolled in the College are counted in the eight-semester limitation (nine semesters for teacher certification or B.F.A.) even if no financial aid was received. Semesters in which the student enrolled and attended any classes will count in semesters attended, including semesters in which a student withdraws or takes a leave of absence.
Grade point average (G.P.A.) and units completed are reviewed for satisfactory academic progress at the end of the spring semester. Students must maintain the following cumulative average and units completed:
1.00 with a minimum of 3 units completed at the end of the first semester at Albion College;
1.62 with at minimum of 6 units completed at the end of the second semester at Albion;
1.75 with a minimum of 9 units completed at the end of the third semester at Albion;
1.81 with a minimum of 13 units completed at the end of the fourth semester at Albion;
1.90 with a minimum of 17 units completed at the end of the fifth semester at Albion;
2.00 with a minimum of 21 units completed at the end of the sixth semester at Albion;
2.00 with a minimum of 25 units completed at the end of the seventh semester at Albion;
In addition, regardless of the cumulative grade point average, a student who fails to obtain a minimum 2.0 G.P.A. for three consecutive semesters is not considered to be making satisfactory academic progress for aid renewal.
Transfer Students--Class standing of transfer students will be considered according to units transferred in. For example, a student who is deemed to have first-semester sophomore class standing upon entrance will be eligible for six semesters of Albion College financial aid.
Notification--The Financial Aid Office will notify any student qualifying for financial assistance who does not meet minimum satisfactory progress and is being terminated from aid. Following the spring semester, notices will be sent electronically to the student's Albion e-mail account and any other e-mail on record with the registrar, and such notices will be considered delivered.
Regaining Eligibility--A student who has insufficient units to qualify for aid may be considered eligible for aid only when enough units, including incomplete courses, have been completed to make up the unit shortage. Unit credit may be transferred in, but G.P.A. will be affected only by courses taken at Albion College. The academic year will be considered to commence with the first day of classes of the fall semester and continue to the first day of classes the following fall, thus allowing the possibility of reinstatement of aid eligibility over the summer term. If a student had mitigating circumstances that prohibited him/her from meeting the standards, the student may submit an appeal. Appeals must be made in writing to the Financial Aid Office, and they will be reviewed by the Appeals Committee prior to the start of the semester in which reinstatement of financial aid eligibility is requested. Examples of mitigating circumstances include: illness, change of major, unexpected hardships and death in the immediate family.
Academic Withdrawal--See the Academic Regulations section of this catalog for academic status and withdrawal information.
Academic scholarships are renewable annually provided students maintain the required yearly grade-point average and are in good personal standing with the College.
Scholarship recipients are expected to maintain superior academic performance while at Albion College. To renew a Distinguished Albion Scholar award, a Trustee Scholarship or a Presidential Scholarship, a student must maintain an annual grade point average of 3.00. To renew a Webster Scholarship or a Briton Award, a student must maintain an annual grade point average of 2.50. Recipients of a Heritage Award must meet the minimum satisfactory academic progress standards outlined above.
Grade point averages and units earned are reviewed at the end of the academic year by the Financial Aid Office. A student's first year of college is often the most challenging. Therefore, students are encouraged to seek the advice of their faculty adviser while making decisions regarding their class schedule. Eligibility to retain an academic award will require the annual G.P.A. or a written plan of action from the faculty adviser regarding the issues surrounding a student's G.P.A.
Campus employment is available to help students meet expenses. The Federal Work-Study program is available for students who show financial need, based on analysis of the FAFSA. In addition to on-campus Work-Study positions, there are positions available off-campus in the community of Albion that are funded through the Federal Work-Study program. Students who are not eligible for the Federal Work-Study program may receive an Albion work award. Earnings from student employment are paid directly to the student by payroll check each month; the amount earned is not credited to the student's account.
The Student Employment Office has a listing of on- and off-campus jobs that are available for everyone (Work-Study and non-Work-Study students). Jobs are also listed online at www.albion.edu/studentemployment. This listing includes job description, qualifications needed and rate of pay.
Information on prestigious national and international scholarships and fellowships is in the Academic Programs section under Academic Honors and Awards.


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SeaBIOS: Difference between revisions
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=== Compiled SeaBIOS images ===
=== Compiled SeaBIOS images ===
It is also possible to download a compiled SeaBIOS image. The latest released version compiled for coreboot is: http://linuxtogo.org/~kevin/SeaBIOS/bios.bin.elf-0.6.
It is also possible to download a compiled SeaBIOS image. The latest released version compiled for coreboot is: http://linuxtogo.org/~kevin/SeaBIOS/bios.bin.elf-0.6.
Other versions are also available at: http://linuxtogo.org/~kevin/SeaBIOS/
Other versions are also available at: http://linuxtogo.org/~kevin/SeaBIOS/
Revision as of 14:26, 18 September 2010
SeaBIOS is an open-source legacy BIOS implementation which can be used as a coreboot payload. It implements the standard BIOS calling interfaces that a typical x86 proprietary BIOS implements.
This page describes using SeaBIOS with coreboot. SeaBIOS can also run natively in qemu and bochs - see the SeaBIOS README file for information on non-coreboot uses.
Use cases
Any software requiring 16-bit BIOS services benefits from SeaBIOS (eg, Windows and DOS). SeaBIOS also enables booting Linux out of the box (using standard boot-loaders like GRUB and Syslinux).
SeaBIOS supports booting from ATA hard drives, ATAPI cdroms, USB hard drives, USB cdroms, payloads in flash, and from Option ROMs (eg, SCSI or network cards). SeaBIOS can initialize and use a ps2 keyboard or USB keyboard.
SeaBIOS has been tested with Windows XP, Windows Vista (64/32 bit), and Windows 7 Beta (64 bit).
However, Windows has a very strict ACPI interpreter, and many coreboot boards do not have a complete ACPI definition. As a result, many coreboot boards will fail during Windows boot (eg, it may fail with a STOP 0xA5 code).
So far ASUS M2V-MX SE and GIGABYTE GA-M57SLI-S4 have known good working ACPI and are able to boot XP/Vista/Windows 7. Please ask on the mailing list for the status of other boards/chipsets.
SeaBIOS has been tested with GRUB, LILO, and Syslinux. Linux booting works well.
SeaBIOS has also been tested with FreeDOS and NetBSD.
Because SeaBIOS implements the standard x86 BIOS interfaces, it is expected many other operating systems and boot-loaders will work.
One can download the latest version of SeaBIOS through a git repository:
<source lang="bash"> $ git clone git://git.linuxtogo.org/home/kevin/seabios.git seabios $ cd seabios </source>
There's also a gitweb facility to browse the latest source code online.
Edit src/config.h and set the following values:
<source lang="C">
- define CONFIG_COREBOOT 1
- define CONFIG_DEBUG_SERIAL 1
- define CONFIG_VGAHOOKS 1
<source lang="bash"> $ make </source>
The final SeaBIOS payload file is out/bios.bin.elf.
Compiled SeaBIOS images
It is also possible to download a compiled SeaBIOS image. The latest released version compiled for coreboot is: http://linuxtogo.org/~kevin/SeaBIOS/bios.bin.elf-0.6.1
Other versions are also available at: http://linuxtogo.org/~kevin/SeaBIOS/
For best results, configure coreboot with CONFIG_WRITE_HIGH_TABLES and CONFIG_VGA_BRIDGE_SETUP both enabled, and CONFIG_VGA_ROM_RUN and CONFIG_PCI_ROM_RUN both disabled.
Finally, configure the SeaBIOS /out/bios.bin.elf file as the coreboot payload and build coreboot. The resulting coreboot.rom file will contain both SeaBIOS and coreboot, and it can be flashed to a rom.
SeaBIOS and CBFS
SeaBIOS can read the coreboot flash filesystem and extract files.
When SeaBIOS scans the target machine's PCI devices, it will recognize option ROMs in CBFS that have the form pciVVVV,DDDD.rom. It will also run any file in the directory vgaroms/ as a vga option ROM not specific to a device and files in genroms/ as a generic option ROM not specific to a device. In the above cases, SeaBIOS will recognize files with a .lzma suffix, and automatically decompress them (eg, pci1106,3344.rom.lzma and vgaroms/sgabios.bin.lzma).
SeaBIOS can also load a graphical bootsplash image from bootsplash.jpg, payloads found in the CBFS directory img/, and floppy images found in the floppyimg/ directory.
The examples below show some common uses of this feature.
Adding a VGA option ROM
It is frequently necessary to add a VGA option ROM to CBFS in order to use a VGA adapter that is built-in to a motherboard. Note, VGA adapters on external cards do not require this step as SeaBIOS will automatically extract the VGA bios directly from the card. For machines without a VGA adapter, please follow the sgabios instructions below.
The first step is to find the vendor and device ID of the built-in VGA adapter. This information can be found from lspci:
<source lang="bash"> $ lspci -vnn ... 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: VIA Technologies, Inc. UniChrome Pro IGP [1106:3344] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) </source>
In the above example, the VGA vendor/device ID is 1106:3344. Obtain the VGA ROM (eg, vgabios.bin) and add it to the ROM with:
<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom add /path/to/vgabios.bin pci1106,3344.rom raw $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>
Alternatively, SeaBIOS supports LZMA compressed option ROMs. Use the following to add a compressed option ROM instead:
<source lang="bash"> $ lzma -zc /path/to/vgabios.bin > vgabios.bin.lzma $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom add vgabios.bin.lzma pci1106,3344.rom.lzma raw $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>
After the above is done, one can write the coreboot.rom file to flash. SeaBIOS will extract the VGA ROM and run it during boot.
Adding gpxe support
A gpxe option ROM can nicely complement SeaBIOS and coreboot by adding network boot support. Adding gpxe is similar to #Adding a VGA option ROM. The first step is to find the Ethernet vendor/device ID. For example:
<source lang="bash"> $ lspci -vnn ... 00:09.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8110SC/8169SC Gigabit Ethernet [10ec:8167] (rev 10) </source>
Then one can build a gpxe option ROM. For example:
<source lang="bash"> $ cd /path/to/gpxe/src/ $ make bin/10ec8167.rom </source>
And add it to the coreboot image. For example:
<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom add /path/to/gpxe/src/bin/10ec8167.rom pci10ec,8167.rom raw $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>
As with VGA option ROMs, the gpxe option ROM may be compressed with LZMA. However, compression won't significantly reduce gpxe's size as it implements its own compression.
In addition to gpxe, other option ROMs can be added in the same manner.
Adding sgabios support
An sgabios option ROM can forward many VGA BIOS requests and keyboard events over a serial port. One can deploy it in addition to the primary VGA BIOS or by itself.
If the target machine does not have a VGA adapter, then one should install sgabios. Most bootloaders (eg, grub) require a VGA BIOS in order to function properly - the sgabios rom can fill this requirement.
The current version of sgabios (as of 20090617) does not implement a proper checksum. As a work around, a tool from the seabios source repo can fix the checksum: <source lang="bash"> $ /path/to/seabios/tools/buildrom.py /path/to/sgabios.bin sgabios-fixed.bin </source>
Once the above is done, place the ROM file in the vgaroms/ directory of CBFS. For example:
<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom add sgabios-fixed.bin vgaroms/sgabios.bin raw $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>
When using sgabios, all the characters that SeaBIOS writes to the screen will be seen twice - once from SeaBIOS sending the character to the serial port and once from sgabios forwarding the character. To prevent the duplicates one can edit the SeaBIOS src/config.h file and set the following:
<source lang="C">
- define CONFIG_SCREEN_AND_DEBUG 0
Adding a graphical "bootsplash" image
SeaBIOS can show a custom JPEG image during bootup. To enable this, add the jpeg file to flash with the name bootsplash.jpg. For example:
<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom add /path/to/image.jpg bootsplash.jpg raw $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>
The size of the jpeg image determines the video mode to use for showing the image. Make sure the dimensions of the image exactly correspond to an available video mode (eg, 640x480, 1024x768).
SeaBIOS will show the image during the wait for the boot menu. (If the boot menu has been disabled, users will not see the image.) The image should probably have "Press F12 for boot menu" embedded in it so users know they can enter the normal SeaBIOS boot menu. By default, the boot menu prompt (and thus graphical image) is shown for 2.5 seconds. This can be customized by modifying SeaBIOS' src/config.h file and changing the CONFIG_BOOTMENU_WAIT setting.
The jpeg viewer in SeaBIOS uses a simplified decoding algorithm. It supports most common jpegs, but does not support all possible formats. Please see the #Trouble reporting section if a valid image isn't displayed properly.
Adding payloads
Most payloads can also be launched from SeaBIOS. To add a payload, build the corresponding .elf file and then add it to the coreboot.rom file in the img/ directory. For example:
<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom add-payload /path/to/payload.elf img/MyPayload l $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>
During boot, one can press the F12 key to get a boot menu. SeaBIOS will show all files in the img/ directory, and one can instruct SeaBIOS to run them.
SeaBIOS supports both uncompressed and LZMA compressed payloads.
Adding a floppy image
It is possible to embed an image of a floppy in flash. SeaBIOS can then boot from and redirect floppy BIOS calls to the flash image. This is mainly useful for legacy software (such as DOS utilities). To use this feature, place a floppy image into the CBFS directory floppyimg/. For example:
<source lang="bash"> $ lzma -zc /path/to/myfloppy.img > myfloppy.img.lzma $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom add myfloppy.img.lzma floppyimg/MyFloppy.lzma raw $ ./cbfs/cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>
Both uncompressed and lzma compressed images are supported. Several floppy formats are available: 360K, 1.2MB, 720K, 1.44MB, 2.88MB, 160K, 180K, 320K.
The floppy image will appear as writable to the system, however all writes are discarded on reboot.
When using this system, SeaBIOS reserves high-memory to store the floppy. The reserved memory is then no longer available for OS use, so this feature should only be used when needed.
Trouble reporting
If you are experiencing problems with SeaBIOS, it's useful to increase the debugging level. This is done by editing the src/config.h file and setting the debug level to a higher number (for example 8):
<source lang="C">
- define CONFIG_DEBUG_LEVEL 8
A debug level of 8 will show a lot of diagnostic information without flooding the serial port (levels above 8 will frequently cause too much data).
To report an issue, please collect the serial boot log with SeaBIOS set to a debug level of 8 and forward the full log along with a description of the problem to the coreboot mailing list.


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On the 12 of November 2016, FES in close collaboration with the association "Musine Kokalari" and the municipality of Gjirokastra, organized the…
On September 17th to 21nd the Friedrich-Ebert Foundation Tirana Office organized in Voskopoja, Albania, the fifth Together in Europe - Youth Summer…
On 20th of June 2016, the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung in Tirana celebrates its 25th anniversary. The Event focused on "25 years of social and democratic…
Friedrich Ebert Stiftung with the support of EU Policy Hub organized a roundtable on "How judges escape justice?".
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