text:
Julia Frances Strachey
19 of 19 portraits of Julia Frances Strachey
© National Portrait Gallery, London
Julia Frances Strachey
by Ray Strachey
oil on board, 1925-1937
22 in. x 16 in. (559 mm x 406 mm)
Given by Barbara Strachey (Hultin, later Halpern), 1999
Reference Collection
Sitterback to top
- Julia Frances Strachey (1901-1979), Writer. Sitter in 19 portraits.
Artistback to top
- Rachel Pearsall Conn ('Ray') Strachey (née Costelloe) (1887-1940), Feminist activist, artist and writer. Artist or producer associated with 99 portraits, Sitter associated with 64 portraits.
Portrait setback to top
Subjects & Themesback to top
Events of 1925back to top
Current affairsOn the advice of the Governor of the Bank of England, Montagu Norman, Winston Churchill returns British currency to the Gold Standard. This caused deflation across the empire as the value of the pound returned to the pre-war gold price, leading to unemployment, the miners' strike and the general strike in 1926.
Art and scienceJohn Logie Baird transmits the first television images of a ventriloquist's dummy. The BBC used Logie Baird's invention from 1927 until 1935 when they adopted EMI-Marconi's superior electronic scanning system.
Virginia Woolf publishes her innovative 'stream of consciousness' novel, Mrs Dalloway, which chronicles a day in the life of the protagonist through her interior monologue.
InternationalSir Joseph Austen Chamberlain, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs represents Britain at the Locarno Treaties. Lorcano secured the post-war territorial settlement and established pledges of non-aggression between various European Nations. The 'spirit of Locarno' helped secure Germany's admission into the League of Nations in 1926. Chamberlain was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his part in the peace agreement.
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Can you tell us more about this portrait? Spotted an error, information that is missing (a sitter's life dates, occupation or family relationships, or a date of portrait for example) or do you know anything that we don't know? If you have information to share please complete the form below.
If you require information from us, please use our Archive enquiry service. You can buy a print of most illustrated portraits. Select the portrait of interest to you, then look out for a Buy a Print button. Prices start at £6 for unframed prints, £25 for framed prints. If you wish to license this image, please use our Rights and Images service.
Please note that we cannot provide valuations.
We digitise over 8,000 portraits a year and we cannot guarantee being able to digitise images that are not already scheduled.
Related pages
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Look right round a selection of sculptures in our Collection
Who's Who
Explore who is who in our group portraits


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File Info
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Below you will find a list of discussions in the Automated Trading forums at the Newdigital World. The Automated Trading forum EAs and tools for automated trading
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Use this control to limit the display of threads to those newer than the specified time frame.
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Let It Snow Somewhere Else Vertical SVG
- Zip file containing: SVG, PNG, DXF, JPG, and EPS file types
- Compatible with Silhouette Studio, Cricut Design Space, Scan N Cut, Adobe Illustrator and other cutting and design programs
- So Fontsy Standard Commercial Use License
Product Description
SVG, DXF, PNG, JPG & EPS Digital Cutting Files.
Included with this listing is a zipped folder containing the following:
SVG File - Cricut Design Space
SVG File - Silhouette Studio Designer
DXF File - Silhouette Studio Designer
EPS File - Adobe Illustrator
PNG File - Perfect for Printing
JPG File - Perfect for Printing
So Fontsy Commercial Use License PDF
This listing is for an instantly downloadable digital product.
No physical product will be shipped.
Please do not share this file or claim this design as your own.
Commercial Use
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Battery & Cellphone Recycling Locations in Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts, quebec | 177171
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Nearby Recycling Locations
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text:
Dentures and Partial Dentures
Dentures are a reliable solution for replacing missing teeth. At NorCal Family Dental Group our patients ask about dentures to determine if they are a good solution for their particular needs. As with any dental solution, there are pros and cons to wearing dentures and whether or not they will work for you depends largely on your lifestyle and the goals that you have for your appearance, including the functionality of your smile.
What are the types of dentures?
There are three main types of dentures: temporary, partial dentures, and complete dentures.
Temporary Dentures
We can provide patients with temporary dentures while they are undergoing a cosmetic dentistry procedure to replace a missing tooth. Temporaries ensure that patients throughout the Santa Rosa area have a natural looking smile while waiting for dental implants or a dental bridge to be completed. This is an excellent solution for when a tooth is knocked out during a sports game or in an accident. The temporary denture is secured in place with a metal wire that works like a retainer and can be taken in and out whenever you like. If you are looking for an immediate solution for replacing a missing tooth call (707) 579-5533. Keep in mind that a temporary denture is only meant to be worn for a few months and will need to be replaced.
Partial Dentures
If only a few of your teeth are missing, partial dentures are a good solution for replacing them. Unlike a full set of dentures, these are held in place by a plastic base that is the same color as your gums. A metal framework is typically created in order to secure the base and prevent it from falling out. As long as you have natural teeth in place, you cannot wear a full set, so a partial set of dentures is necessary. We treat patients throughout the Santa Rosa area that want to know if a partial set is better than a cosmetic procedure. They function differently because dentures are removable and cosmetic dentistry solutions are typically permanent. If you live in the Santa Rosa CA area, call for your consultation and we can provide you with a list of options to consider.
Complete Denture
When all of your teeth are missing, complete dentures can replace them. This is the type of dentures that you typically see in cartoons and movies. Technology has improved in recent years, making them more comfortable and natural looking than ever. We can determine if this is the best way to replace your teeth or if an alternative solution will help you to achieve your goals. If you proceed with getting a complete set of dentures, your gums will be healed and ready in eight to 12 weeks after your teeth have been removed. Following teeth removal, the bones and gums will start to shrink. By waiting for up to 12 weeks, you can be sure that your set of complete dentures will fit securely. Many patients throughout California prefer not to wait and get immediate dentures. This solution does not require a waiting period, but there will be adjustments later on after the gums and bone have settled into their permanent size.
How are dentures made?
In order for dentures to be created, patients in Santa Rosa need to schedule a dental appointment. At this time, the dentist will examine your gums and other teeth to determine if dentures are the best solution for you and if so, what type. A mold will then be taken of your teeth and gums so that the dentures can be created in a dental lab. Typically, several molds or impressions will be made so that the dentist can determine how your jaw functions and moves. Using these impressions, the lab will make a set of dentures that looks natural and fits perfectly. If necessary, adjustments will be made. We can discuss the process in more detail during a consultation.
Benefits of Dentures
Patients throughout the Santa Rosa area like how convenient dentures are. Whether you need a full or partial set, dentures can replace teeth in a non-invasive way. There is no surgical element to worry about, and temporary dentures can be fitted immediately. This provides a quick and easy solution. If, however, you are looking for something that feels more natural, you should consider a cosmetic dentistry procedure.
Negatives of Dentures
The biggest challenge with dentures is that they do not feel like natural teeth. Patients of NorCal Family Dental Group tend to agree that while they are functional, you still have to take care of them as a separate appliance. Other cosmetic dentistry procedures make it easy to forget you ever lost a tooth in the first place. Modern techniques have made dentures more secure and comfortable than they used to be, but they are still a foreign object in your mouth and can become loose when eating or speaking. If you are currently experiencing this problem, call NorCal Family Dental Group at 707-579-5533 for a consultation.
Alternative Options
Patients may enjoy the benefits of alternative options to dentures. There is a procedure that combines implant dentistry with dentures. Those that need complete dentures can benefit by having a secure way to hold their dentures in place. If you live in the Santa Rosa CA area, we can examine your gums and let you know if you are a good candidate for the procedure. In this scenario, an impression is taken of your mouth in order to create a denture that will be secured in place using implants. Once created, metal posts will be implanted under your gums, and the dentures secured to it. This way patients get the benefits of how quickly dentures can be created and the convenience of the stability that can only come from using implant technology.
How do I care for my dentures?
Every night you need to take your dentures out. We advise patients to rinse them thoroughly then use a denture brush to remove any food particles before rinsing them again. You also need to brush your gums, tongue, and the roof of your mouth with a soft toothbrush and toothpaste. You can use an antiseptic mouthwash afterwards to kill any lingering bacteria and improve your breath. Your dentures should soak all night then be placed back in the mouth in the morning.


text:
20180205 The Guy R Cook Report Happy Monday
https://appear.in/vdomainhostinginc is the URL for the show LIVE at 3PM GMT Monday – Friday
#theguyrcookreport https://www.youtube.com/GuyRCook
Link for today's episode of The Guy R Cook Report is today's episode @ YouTube.com
You can also subscribe via iTunes, RSS, or Spreaker.
To listen to an audio podcast via the Apple Podcasts button, click on it, mouse over the title of the episode and click Play. Open iTunes to download and subscribe to podcasts.
Here's how to subscribe to The Guy R Cook Report on Itunes.
20180205 The Guy R Cook Report Happy Monday


text:
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text:
CGI - Handle Common Gateway Interface requests and responses
use CGI;
my $q = CGI->new;
# Process an HTTP request
@values = $q->param('form_field');
$fh = $q->upload('file_field');
$riddle = $query->cookie('riddle_name');
%answers = $query->cookie('answers');
# Prepare various HTTP responses
print $q->header();
print $q->header('application/json');
$cookie1 = $q->cookie(-name=>'riddle_name', -value=>"The Sphynx's Question");
$cookie2 = $q->cookie(-name=>'answers', -value=>\%answers);
print $q->header(
-type => 'image/gif',
-expires => '+3d',
-cookie => [$cookie1,$cookie2]
print $q->redirect('http://somewhere.else/in/movie/land');
CGI.pm is a stable, complete and mature solution for processing and preparing HTTP requests and responses. Major features including processing form submissions, file uploads, reading and writing cookies, query string generation and manipulation, and processing and preparing HTTP headers. Some HTML generation utilities are included as well.
CGI.pm performs very well in in a vanilla CGI.pm environment and also comes with built-in support for mod_perl and mod_perl2 as well as FastCGI.
It has the benefit of having developed and refined over 10 years with input from dozens of contributors and being deployed on thousands of websites. CGI.pm has been included in the Perl distribution since Perl 5.4, and has become a de-facto standard.
There are two styles of programming with CGI.pm, an object-oriented style and a function-oriented style. In the object-oriented style you create one or more CGI objects and then use object methods to create the various elements of the page. Each CGI object starts out with the list of named parameters that were passed to your CGI script by the server. You can modify the objects, save them to a file or database and recreate them. Because each object corresponds to the "state" of the CGI script, and because each object's parameter list is independent of the others, this allows you to save the state of the script and restore it later.
For example, using the object oriented style, here is how you create a simple "Hello World" HTML page:
#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
use CGI; # load CGI routines
$q = CGI->new; # create new CGI object
print $q->header, # create the HTTP header
$q->start_html('hello world'), # start the HTML
$q->h1('hello world'), # level 1 header
$q->end_html; # end the HTML
In the function-oriented style, there is one default CGI object that you rarely deal with directly. Instead you just call functions to retrieve CGI parameters, create HTML tags, manage cookies, and so on. This provides you with a cleaner programming interface, but limits you to using one CGI object at a time. The following example prints the same page, but uses the function-oriented interface. The main differences are that we now need to import a set of functions into our name space (usually the "standard" functions), and we don't need to create the CGI object.
use CGI qw/:standard/; # load standard CGI routines
print header, # create the HTTP header
start_html('hello world'), # start the HTML
h1('hello world'), # level 1 header
end_html; # end the HTML
The examples in this document mainly use the object-oriented style. See HOW TO IMPORT FUNCTIONS for important information on function-oriented programming in CGI.pm
Most CGI.pm routines accept several arguments, sometimes as many as 20 optional ones! To simplify this interface, all routines use a named argument calling style that looks like this:
print $q->header(-type=>'image/gif',-expires=>'+3d');
Each argument name is preceded by a dash. Neither case nor order matters in the argument list. -type, -Type, and -TYPE are all acceptable. In fact, only the first argument needs to begin with a dash. If a dash is present in the first argument, CGI.pm assumes dashes for the subsequent ones.
Several routines are commonly called with just one argument. In the case of these routines you can provide the single argument without an argument name. header() happens to be one of these routines. In this case, the single argument is the document type.
print $q->header('text/html');
Other such routines are documented below.
Sometimes named arguments expect a scalar, sometimes a reference to an array, and sometimes a reference to a hash. Often, you can pass any type of argument and the routine will do whatever is most appropriate. For example, the param() routine is used to set a CGI parameter to a single or a multi-valued value. The two cases are shown below:
A large number of routines in CGI.pm actually aren't specifically defined in the module, but are generated automatically as needed. These are the "HTML shortcuts," routines that generate HTML tags for use in dynamically-generated pages. HTML tags have both attributes (the attribute="value" pairs within the tag itself) and contents (the part between the opening and closing pairs.) To distinguish between attributes and contents, CGI.pm uses the convention of passing HTML attributes as a hash reference as the first argument, and the contents, if any, as any subsequent arguments. It works out like this:
Code Generated HTML
---- --------------
h1()

h1('some','contents');
some contents

h1({-align=>left});

h1({-align=>left},'contents');
contents

HTML tags are described in more detail later.
Many newcomers to CGI.pm are puzzled by the difference between the calling conventions for the HTML shortcuts, which require curly braces around the HTML tag attributes, and the calling conventions for other routines, which manage to generate attributes without the curly brackets. Don't be confused. As a convenience the curly braces are optional in all but the HTML shortcuts. If you like, you can use curly braces when calling any routine that takes named arguments. For example:
print $q->header( {-type=>'image/gif',-expires=>'+3d'} );
If you use the -w switch, you will be warned that some CGI.pm argument names conflict with built-in Perl functions. The most frequent of these is the -values argument, used to create multi-valued menus, radio button clusters and the like. To get around this warning, you have several choices:
Use another name for the argument, if one is available. For example, -value is an alias for -values.
Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values
Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values'
Many routines will do something useful with a named argument that it doesn't recognize. For example, you can produce non-standard HTTP header fields by providing them as named arguments:
print $q->header(-type => 'text/html',
-cost => 'Three smackers',
-annoyance_level => 'high',
-complaints_to => 'bit bucket');
This will produce the following nonstandard HTTP header:
Cost: Three smackers
Annoyance-level: high
Complaints-to: bit bucket
Content-type: text/html
Notice the way that underscores are translated automatically into hyphens. HTML-generating routines perform a different type of translation.
This feature allows you to keep up with the rapidly changing HTTP and HTML "standards".
$query = CGI->new;
This will parse the input (from POST, GET and DELETE methods) and store it into a perl5 object called $query.
Any filehandles from file uploads will have their position reset to the beginning of the file.
$query = CGI->new(INPUTFILE);
If you provide a file handle to the new() method, it will read parameters from the file (or STDIN, or whatever). The file can be in any of the forms describing below under debugging (i.e. a series of newline delimited TAG=VALUE pairs will work). Conveniently, this type of file is created by the save() method (see below). Multiple records can be saved and restored.
Perl purists will be pleased to know that this syntax accepts references to file handles, or even references to filehandle globs, which is the "official" way to pass a filehandle:
$query = CGI->new(\*STDIN);
You can also initialize the CGI object with a FileHandle or IO::File object.
If you are using the function-oriented interface and want to initialize CGI state from a file handle, the way to do this is with restore_parameters(). This will (re)initialize the default CGI object from the indicated file handle.
open (IN,"test.in") || die;
close IN;
You can also initialize the query object from a hash reference:
$query = CGI->new( {'dinosaur'=>'barney',
'song'=>'I love you',
'friends'=>[qw/Jessica George Nancy/]}
or from a properly formatted, URL-escaped query string:
$query = CGI->new('dinosaur=barney&color=purple');
or from a previously existing CGI object (currently this clones the parameter list, but none of the other object-specific fields, such as autoescaping):
$old_query = CGI->new;
$new_query = CGI->new($old_query);
To create an empty query, initialize it from an empty string or hash:
$empty_query = CGI->new("");
$empty_query = CGI->new({});
@keywords = $query->keywords
If the script was invoked as the result of an <ISINDEX> search, the parsed keywords can be obtained as an array using the keywords() method.
@names = $query->param
If the script was invoked with a parameter list (e.g. "name1=value1&name2=value2&name3=value3"), the param() method will return the parameter names as a list. If the script was invoked as an <ISINDEX> script and contains a string without ampersands (e.g. "value1+value2+value3") , there will be a single parameter named "keywords" containing the "+"-delimited keywords.
NOTE: As of version 1.5, the array of parameter names returned will be in the same order as they were submitted by the browser. Usually this order is the same as the order in which the parameters are defined in the form (however, this isn't part of the spec, and so isn't guaranteed).
@values = $query->param('foo');
$value = $query->param('foo');
Pass the param() method a single argument to fetch the value of the named parameter. If the parameter is multivalued (e.g. from multiple selections in a scrolling list), you can ask to receive an array. Otherwise the method will return a single value.
If a value is not given in the query string, as in the queries "name1=&name2=", it will be returned as an empty string.
If the parameter does not exist at all, then param() will return undef in a scalar context, and the empty list in a list context.
This sets the value for the named parameter 'foo' to an array of values. This is one way to change the value of a field AFTER the script has been invoked once before. (Another way is with the -override parameter accepted by all methods that generate form elements.)
param() also recognizes a named parameter style of calling described in more detail later:
$query->param(-name=>'foo',-value=>'the value');
This adds a value or list of values to the named parameter. The values are appended to the end of the parameter if it already exists. Otherwise the parameter is created. Note that this method only recognizes the named argument calling syntax.
This creates a series of variables in the 'R' namespace. For example, $R::foo, @R:foo. For keyword lists, a variable @R::keywords will appear. If no namespace is given, this method will assume 'Q'. WARNING: don't import anything into 'main'; this is a major security risk!!!!
NOTE 1: Variable names are transformed as necessary into legal Perl variable names. All non-legal characters are transformed into underscores. If you need to keep the original names, you should use the param() method instead to access CGI variables by name.
NOTE 2: In older versions, this method was called import(). As of version 2.20, this name has been removed completely to avoid conflict with the built-in Perl module import operator.
This completely clears a list of parameters. It sometimes useful for resetting parameters that you don't want passed down between script invocations.
If you are using the function call interface, use "Delete()" instead to avoid conflicts with Perl's built-in delete operator.
This clears the CGI object completely. It might be useful to ensure that all the defaults are taken when you create a fill-out form.
Use Delete_all() instead if you are using the function call interface.
If POSTed data is not of type application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data, then the POSTed data will not be processed, but instead be returned as-is in a parameter named POSTDATA. To retrieve it, use code like this:
my $data = $query->param('POSTDATA');
Likewise if PUTed data can be retrieved with code like this:
my $data = $query->param('PUTDATA');
(If you don't know what the preceding means, don't worry about it. It only affects people trying to use CGI for XML processing and other specialized tasks.)
$q->param_fetch('address')->[1] = '1313 Mockingbird Lane';
unshift @{$q->param_fetch(-name=>'address')},'George Munster';
If you need access to the parameter list in a way that isn't covered by the methods given in the previous sections, you can obtain a direct reference to it by calling the param_fetch() method with the name of the parameter. This will return an array reference to the named parameter, which you then can manipulate in any way you like.
You can also use a named argument style using the -name argument.
$params = $q->Vars;
print $params->{'address'};
@foo = split("\0",$params->{'foo'});
%params = $q->Vars;
use CGI ':cgi-lib';
$params = Vars;
Many people want to fetch the entire parameter list as a hash in which the keys are the names of the CGI parameters, and the values are the parameters' values. The Vars() method does this. Called in a scalar context, it returns the parameter list as a tied hash reference. Changing a key changes the value of the parameter in the underlying CGI parameter list. Called in a list context, it returns the parameter list as an ordinary hash. This allows you to read the contents of the parameter list, but not to change it.
When using this, the thing you must watch out for are multivalued CGI parameters. Because a hash cannot distinguish between scalar and list context, multivalued parameters will be returned as a packed string, separated by the "\0" (null) character. You must split this packed string in order to get at the individual values. This is the convention introduced long ago by Steve Brenner in his cgi-lib.pl module for Perl version 4.
If you wish to use Vars() as a function, import the :cgi-lib set of function calls (also see the section on CGI-LIB compatibility).
This will write the current state of the form to the provided filehandle. You can read it back in by providing a filehandle to the new() method. Note that the filehandle can be a file, a pipe, or whatever!
The format of the saved file is:
Both name and value are URL escaped. Multi-valued CGI parameters are represented as repeated names. A session record is delimited by a single = symbol. You can write out multiple records and read them back in with several calls to new. You can do this across several sessions by opening the file in append mode, allowing you to create primitive guest books, or to keep a history of users' queries. Here's a short example of creating multiple session records:
use CGI;
open (OUT,'>>','test.out') || die;
$records = 5;
for (0..$records) {
my $q = CGI->new;
close OUT;
# reopen for reading
open (IN,'<','test.out') || die;
while (!eof(IN)) {
my $q = CGI->new(\*IN);
print $q->param('counter'),"\n";
The file format used for save/restore is identical to that used by the Whitehead Genome Center's data exchange format "Boulderio", and can be manipulated and even databased using Boulderio utilities. See
for further details.
If you wish to use this method from the function-oriented (non-OO) interface, the exported name for this method is save_parameters().
Errors can occur while processing user input, particularly when processing uploaded files. When these errors occur, CGI will stop processing and return an empty parameter list. You can test for the existence and nature of errors using the cgi_error() function. The error messages are formatted as HTTP status codes. You can either incorporate the error text into an HTML page, or use it as the value of the HTTP status:
my $error = $q->cgi_error;
if ($error) {
print $q->header(-status=>$error),
$q->h2('Request not processed'),
exit 0;
When using the function-oriented interface (see the next section), errors may only occur the first time you call param(). Be ready for this!
To use the function-oriented interface, you must specify which CGI.pm routines or sets of routines to import into your script's namespace. There is a small overhead associated with this importation, but it isn't much.
use CGI <list of methods>;
The listed methods will be imported into the current package; you can call them directly without creating a CGI object first. This example shows how to import the param() and header() methods, and then use them directly:
use CGI 'param','header';
print header('text/plain');
$zipcode = param('zipcode');
More frequently, you'll import common sets of functions by referring to the groups by name. All function sets are preceded with a ":" character as in ":html3" (for tags defined in the HTML 3 standard).
Here is a list of the function sets you can import:
Import all CGI-handling methods, such as param(), path_info() and the like.
Import all fill-out form generating methods, such as textfield().
Import all methods that generate HTML 2.0 standard elements.
Import all methods that generate HTML 3.0 elements (such as
, <super> and ).
Import all methods that generate HTML 4 elements (such as <abbrev>, <acronym> and
).
Import the <blink>, <fontsize> and  tags.
Import all HTML-generating shortcuts (i.e. 'html2', 'html3', 'html4' and 'netscape')
Import "standard" features, 'html2', 'html3', 'html4', 'form' and 'cgi'.
Import all the available methods. For the full list, see the CGI.pm code, where the variable %EXPORT_TAGS is defined.
If you import a function name that is not part of CGI.pm, the module will treat it as a new HTML tag and generate the appropriate subroutine. You can then use it like any other HTML tag. This is to provide for the rapidly-evolving HTML "standard." For example, say Microsoft comes out with a new tag called <gradient> (which causes the user's desktop to be flooded with a rotating gradient fill until his machine reboots). You don't need to wait for a new version of CGI.pm to start using it immediately:
use CGI qw/:standard :html3 gradient/;
print gradient({-start=>'red',-end=>'blue'});
Note that in the interests of execution speed CGI.pm does not use the standard Exporter syntax for specifying load symbols. This may change in the future.
If you import any of the state-maintaining CGI or form-generating methods, a default CGI object will be created and initialized automatically the first time you use any of the methods that require one to be present. This includes param(), textfield(), submit() and the like. (If you need direct access to the CGI object, you can find it in the global variable $CGI::Q). By importing CGI.pm methods, you can create visually elegant scripts:
use CGI qw/:standard/;
start_html('Simple Script'),
h1('Simple Script'),
"What's your name? ",textfield('name'),p,
"What's the combination?",
"What's your favorite color?",
if (param) {
"Your name is ",em(param('name')),p,
"The keywords are: ",em(join(", ",param('words'))),p,
"Your favorite color is ",em(param('color')),".\n";
print end_html;
In addition to the function sets, there are a number of pragmas that you can import. Pragmas, which are always preceded by a hyphen, change the way that CGI.pm functions in various ways. Pragmas, function sets, and individual functions can all be imported in the same use() line. For example, the following use statement imports the standard set of functions and enables debugging mode (pragma -debug):
use CGI qw/:standard -debug/;
The current list of pragmas is as follows:
When you use CGI -any, then any method that the query object doesn't recognize will be interpreted as a new HTML tag. This allows you to support the next ad hoc HTML extension. This lets you go wild with new and unsupported tags:
use CGI qw(-any);
print $q->gradient({speed=>'fast',start=>'red',end=>'blue'});
Since using any causes any mistyped method name to be interpreted as an HTML tag, use it with care or not at all.
This causes the indicated autoloaded methods to be compiled up front, rather than deferred to later. This is useful for scripts that run for an extended period of time under FastCGI or mod_perl, and for those destined to be crunched by Malcolm Beattie's Perl compiler. Use it in conjunction with the methods or method families you plan to use.
use CGI qw(-compile :standard :html3);
or even
use CGI qw(-compile :all);
Note that using the -compile pragma in this way will always have the effect of importing the compiled functions into the current namespace. If you want to compile without importing use the compile() method instead:
use CGI();
This is particularly useful in a mod_perl environment, in which you might want to precompile all CGI routines in a startup script, and then import the functions individually in each mod_perl script.
By default the CGI module implements a state-preserving behavior called "sticky" fields. The way this works is that if you are regenerating a form, the methods that generate the form field values will interrogate param() to see if similarly-named parameters are present in the query string. If they find a like-named parameter, they will use it to set their default values.
Sometimes this isn't what you want. The -nosticky pragma prevents this behavior. You can also selectively change the sticky behavior in each element that you generate.
Automatically add tab index attributes to each form field. With this option turned off, you can still add tab indexes manually by passing a -tabindex option to each field-generating method.
This keeps CGI.pm from including undef params in the parameter list.
By default, CGI.pm versions 2.69 and higher emit XHTML (http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/). The -no_xhtml pragma disables this feature. Thanks to Michalis Kabrianis <firstname.lastname@example.com> for this feature.
If start_html()'s -dtd parameter specifies an HTML 2.0, 3.2, 4.0 or 4.01 DTD, XHTML will automatically be disabled without needing to use this pragma.
This makes CGI.pm treat all parameters as UTF-8 strings. Use this with care, as it will interfere with the processing of binary uploads. It is better to manually select which fields are expected to return utf-8 strings and convert them using code like this:
use Encode;
my $arg = decode utf8=>param('foo');
This makes CGI.pm produce a header appropriate for an NPH (no parsed header) script. You may need to do other things as well to tell the server that the script is NPH. See the discussion of NPH scripts below.
Separate the name=value pairs in CGI parameter query strings with semicolons rather than ampersands. For example:
Semicolon-delimited query strings are always accepted, and will be emitted by self_url() and query_string(). newstyle_urls became the default in version 2.64.
Separate the name=value pairs in CGI parameter query strings with ampersands rather than semicolons. This is no longer the default.
This overrides the autoloader so that any function in your program that is not recognized is referred to CGI.pm for possible evaluation. This allows you to use all the CGI.pm functions without adding them to your symbol table, which is of concern for mod_perl users who are worried about memory consumption. Warning: when -autoload is in effect, you cannot use "poetry mode" (functions without the parenthesis). Use hr() rather than hr, or add something like use subs qw/hr p header/ to the top of your script.
This turns off the command-line processing features. If you want to run a CGI.pm script from the command line to produce HTML, and you don't want it to read CGI parameters from the command line or STDIN, then use this pragma:
use CGI qw(-no_debug :standard);
This turns on full debugging. In addition to reading CGI arguments from the command-line processing, CGI.pm will pause and try to read arguments from STDIN, producing the message "(offline mode: enter name=value pairs on standard input)" features.
See the section on debugging for more details.
CGI.pm can process uploaded file. Ordinarily it spools the uploaded file to a temporary directory, then deletes the file when done. However, this opens the risk of eavesdropping as described in the file upload section. Another CGI script author could peek at this data during the upload, even if it is confidential information. On Unix systems, the -private_tempfiles pragma will cause the temporary file to be unlinked as soon as it is opened and before any data is written into it, reducing, but not eliminating the risk of eavesdropping (there is still a potential race condition). To make life harder for the attacker, the program chooses tempfile names by calculating a 32 bit checksum of the incoming HTTP headers.
To ensure that the temporary file cannot be read by other CGI scripts, use suEXEC or a CGI wrapper program to run your script. The temporary file is created with mode 0600 (neither world nor group readable).
The temporary directory is selected using the following algorithm:
1. if $CGITempFile::TMPDIRECTORY is already set, use that
2. if the environment variable TMPDIR exists, use the location
3. Otherwise try the locations /usr/tmp, /var/tmp, C:\temp,
/tmp, /temp, ::Temporary Items, and \WWW_ROOT.
Each of these locations is checked that it is a directory and is writable. If not, the algorithm tries the next choice.
Many of the methods generate HTML tags. As described below, tag functions automatically generate both the opening and closing tags. For example:
print h1('Level 1 Header');

Level 1 Header

There will be some times when you want to produce the start and end tags yourself. In this case, you can use the form start_tag_name and end_tag_name, as in:
print start_h1,'Level 1 Header',end_h1;
With a few exceptions (described below), start_tag_name and end_tag_name functions are not generated automatically when you use CGI. However, you can specify the tags you want to generate start/end functions for by putting an asterisk in front of their name, or, alternatively, requesting either "start_tag_name" or "end_tag_name" in the import list.
use CGI qw/:standard *table start_ul/;
In this example, the following functions are generated in addition to the standard ones:
Most of CGI.pm's functions deal with creating documents on the fly. Generally you will produce the HTTP header first, followed by the document itself. CGI.pm provides functions for generating HTTP headers of various types as well as for generating HTML. For creating GIF images, see the GD.pm module.
Each of these functions produces a fragment of HTML or HTTP which you can print out directly so that it displays in the browser window, append to a string, or save to a file for later use.
Normally the first thing you will do in any CGI script is print out an HTTP header. This tells the browser what type of document to expect, and gives other optional information, such as the language, expiration date, and whether to cache the document. The header can also be manipulated for special purposes, such as server push and pay per view pages.
print header;
print header('image/gif');
print header('text/html','204 No response');
print header(-type=>'image/gif',
-status=>'402 Payment required',
header() returns the Content-type: header. You can provide your own MIME type if you choose, otherwise it defaults to text/html. An optional second parameter specifies the status code and a human-readable message. For example, you can specify 204, "No response" to create a script that tells the browser to do nothing at all. Note that RFC 2616 expects the human-readable phase to be there as well as the numeric status code.
The last example shows the named argument style for passing arguments to the CGI methods using named parameters. Recognized parameters are -type, -status, -expires, and -cookie. Any other named parameters will be stripped of their initial hyphens and turned into header fields, allowing you to specify any HTTP header you desire. Internal underscores will be turned into hyphens:
print header(-Content_length=>3002);
Most browsers will not cache the output from CGI scripts. Every time the browser reloads the page, the script is invoked anew. You can change this behavior with the -expires parameter. When you specify an absolute or relative expiration interval with this parameter, some browsers and proxy servers will cache the script's output until the indicated expiration date. The following forms are all valid for the -expires field:
+30s 30 seconds from now
+10m ten minutes from now
+1h one hour from now
-1d yesterday (i.e. "ASAP!")
now immediately
+3M in three months
+10y in ten years time
Thursday, 25-Apr-1999 00:40:33 GMT at the indicated time & date
The -cookie parameter generates a header that tells the browser to provide a "magic cookie" during all subsequent transactions with your script. Some cookies have a special format that includes interesting attributes such as expiration time. Use the cookie() method to create and retrieve session cookies.
The -nph parameter, if set to a true value, will issue the correct headers to work with a NPH (no-parse-header) script. This is important to use with certain servers that expect all their scripts to be NPH.
The -charset parameter can be used to control the character set sent to the browser. If not provided, defaults to ISO-8859-1. As a side effect, this sets the charset() method as well.
The -attachment parameter can be used to turn the page into an attachment. Instead of displaying the page, some browsers will prompt the user to save it to disk. The value of the argument is the suggested name for the saved file. In order for this to work, you may have to set the -type to "application/octet-stream".
The -p3p parameter will add a P3P tag to the outgoing header. The parameter can be an arrayref or a space-delimited string of P3P tags. For example:
print header(-p3p=>[qw(CAO DSP LAW CURa)]);
print header(-p3p=>'CAO DSP LAW CURa');
In either case, the outgoing header will be formatted as:
P3P: policyref="/w3c/p3p.xml" cp="CAO DSP LAW CURa"
CGI.pm will accept valid multi-line headers when each line is separated with a CRLF value ("\r\n" on most platforms) followed by at least one space. For example:
print header( -ingredients => "ham\r\n\seggs\r\n\sbacon" );
Invalid multi-line header input will trigger in an exception. When multi-line headers are received, CGI.pm will always output them back as a single line, according to the folding rules of RFC 2616: the newlines will be removed, while the white space remains.
print $q->redirect('http://somewhere.else/in/movie/land');
Sometimes you don't want to produce a document yourself, but simply redirect the browser elsewhere, perhaps choosing a URL based on the time of day or the identity of the user.
The redirect() method redirects the browser to a different URL. If you use redirection like this, you should not print out a header as well.
You should always use full URLs (including the http: or ftp: part) in redirection requests. Relative URLs will not work correctly.
You can also use named arguments:
print $q->redirect(
-status=>'301 Moved Permanently');
All names arguments recognized by header() are also recognized by redirect(). However, most HTTP headers, including those generated by -cookie and -target, are ignored by the browser.
The -nph parameter, if set to a true value, will issue the correct headers to work with a NPH (no-parse-header) script. This is important to use with certain servers, such as Microsoft IIS, which expect all their scripts to be NPH.
The -status parameter will set the status of the redirect. HTTP defines three different possible redirection status codes:
301 Moved Permanently
302 Found
303 See Other
The default if not specified is 302, which means "moved temporarily." You may change the status to another status code if you wish. Be advised that changing the status to anything other than 301, 302 or 303 will probably break redirection.
Note that the human-readable phrase is also expected to be present to conform with RFC 2616, section 6.1.
print start_html(-title=>'Secrets of the Pyramids',
-meta=>{'keywords'=>'pharaoh secret mummy',
'copyright'=>'copyright 1996 King Tut'},
The start_html() routine creates the top of the page, along with a lot of optional information that controls the page's appearance and behavior.
This method returns a canned HTML header and the opening  tag. All parameters are optional. In the named parameter form, recognized parameters are -title, -author, -base, -xbase, -dtd, -lang and -target (see below for the explanation). Any additional parameters you provide, such as the unofficial BGCOLOR attribute, are added to the  tag. Additional parameters must be proceeded by a hyphen.
The argument -xbase allows you to provide an HREF for the <base> tag different from the current location, as in
All relative links will be interpreted relative to this tag.
The argument -target allows you to provide a default target frame for all the links and fill-out forms on the page. This is a non-standard HTTP feature which only works with some browsers!
All relative links will be interpreted relative to this tag. You add arbitrary meta information to the header with the -meta argument. This argument expects a reference to a hash containing name/value pairs of meta information. These will be turned into a series of header <meta> tags that look something like this:
<meta name="keywords" content="pharaoh secret mummy">
<meta name="description" content="copyright 1996 King Tut">
To create an HTTP-EQUIV type of <meta> tag, use -head, described below.
The -style argument is used to incorporate cascading stylesheets into your code. See the section on CASCADING STYLESHEETS for more information.
The -lang argument is used to incorporate a language attribute into the  tag. For example:
print $q->start_html(-lang=>'fr-CA');
The default if not specified is "en-US" for US English, unless the -dtd parameter specifies an HTML 2.0 or 3.2 DTD, in which case the lang attribute is left off. You can force the lang attribute to left off in other cases by passing an empty string (-lang=>'').
The -encoding argument can be used to specify the character set for XHTML. It defaults to iso-8859-1 if not specified.
The -dtd argument can be used to specify a public DTD identifier string. For example:
-dtd => '-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN')
Alternatively, it can take public and system DTD identifiers as an array:
dtd => [ '-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN', 'http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd' ]
For the public DTD identifier to be considered, it must be valid. Otherwise it will be replaced by the default DTD. If the public DTD contains 'XHTML', CGI.pm will emit XML.
The -declare_xml argument, when used in conjunction with XHTML, will put a <?xml> declaration at the top of the HTML header. The sole purpose of this declaration is to declare the character set encoding. In the absence of -declare_xml, the output HTML will contain a <meta> tag that specifies the encoding, allowing the HTML to pass most validators. The default for -declare_xml is false.
You can place other arbitrary HTML elements to the  section with the -head tag. For example, to place a <link> element in the head section, use this:
print start_html(-head=>Link({-rel=>'shortcut icon',
To incorporate multiple HTML elements into the  section, just pass an array reference:
print start_html(-head=>[
And here's how to create an HTTP-EQUIV <meta> tag:
print start_html(-head=>meta({-http_equiv => 'Content-Type',
-content => 'text/html'}))
$query = CGI->new;
print header;
// Ask a silly question
function riddle_me_this() {
var r = prompt("What walks on four legs in the morning, " +
"two legs in the afternoon, " +
"and three legs in the evening?");
// Get a silly answer
function response(answer) {
if (answer == "man")
alert("Right you are!");
alert("Wrong! Guess again.");
print start_html(-title=>'The Riddle of the Sphinx',
The


text:
No photos: Many parents opt to keep kids' identities off social media amid privacy concerns
Behold the cascade of baby photos, the flood of funny kid anecdotes and the steady stream of school milestones on Facebook.
It all makes Sonia Rao, a stay-at-home mother of a 1-year-old in Mountain View, California, "a little uncomfortable."
"I just have a vague discomfort having her photograph out there for anyone to look at," says Rao. "When you meet a new person and go to their account, you can look them up, look at photos, videos, know that they are traveling."
At a time when just about everyone and their mother — father, grandmother and aunt — is intent on publicizing the newest generation's early years on social media sites, an increasing number of parents like Rao are bucking the trend by consciously keeping their children's photos, names and entire identities off the Internet.
Reasons for the baby blackout vary. Some parents have privacy and safety concerns. Others worry about what companies might do with their child's image and personal data. Some simply do it out of respect for their kids' autonomy before they are old enough to make decisions for themselves.
"I have a no tolerance policy," says Scott Steinberg, a St. Louis-based business and technology consultant who has more than 4,800 Facebook friends. Steinberg says he shares no photos, videos or any information about his child.
"If I don't want somebody to know about my child, to take an active interest in them, to recognize them in a city street or as they are leaving the schoolyard, the easiest way to do that is to not have any identifying information out about them," he says.
As for Rao, she says she is otherwise active on Facebook, and even had an Instagram account for her dog before the baby was born. She's happy posting photos of the canine, but not the many snapshots of her daughter and the dog together — no matter how cute they are. Rao does share baby pictures, via email or text, but only with close friends and family.
Facebook, for its part, encourages parents to use the site's privacy setting if they want to limit who can see their baby photos and other posts. It's possible, for example, to create a group of close friends and relatives to share kid updates with. But that's not enough for some users.
New parents Josh Furman and his wife, Alisha Klapholz, are "very protective" of their newborn. The Silver Spring, Maryland couple believes it's in their daughter's best interest to limit her Internet presence for as long as possible. As such, they haven't posted her legal name on Facebook and don't post photos of her on the site. Instead, they share her Hebrew name and also came up with a nickname to use just on Facebook. They ask friends and family to do the same.
"In 2014 we sort of feel like the repercussions of sharing private data are totally unpredictable," says Furman, a doctoral candidate in history at the University of Maryland.
Like his wife, Furman is very active on Facebook. Even so, he says "our child isn't capable of making decisions about what details of her life she'd like to share or not." So they are waiting until she can.
A big reason parents are wary, even if they use social media sites themselves, is that the companies "have not been very transparent about the way they collect data about users," says Caroline Knorr, parenting editor at the nonprofit Common Sense Media, which studies children's use of technology. "Facebook's terms of service and privacy (policies) — no one reads it, it's too obscure."
Some parents look back to their own childhoods, when they were able to make mistakes without evidence of those blunders living on — forever — online.
"I had the choice of what I wanted to reveal publicly," says Wasim Ahmad, journalism professor at Stonybrook University and father of a newborn son. "I'd like to, as much as I can, retain the possibility of choice for him."
Two days after his son was born, Ahmad bought the website domain with his son's name.
"I'm going to make it a private website with a password so family can log in" to see updates, he says. "When he gets old enough, I'll probably give him the keys."
The parents hasten to make clear that they have no problems with other people who post their own baby photos.
"Many of our close friends put up photos of their kids and we love seeing them," says Furman. "This is just a decision that we made for our child, and people have been respectful."
People have shared baby photos since the dawn of the camera, and stories about kid's shenanigans long before that. Parents who decide to keep photos of their children and other data off social media say they still want to share those things, but they are bothered by the idea of online permanence.
"I think my parents told embarrassing stories about me as a child at cocktail parties, no doubt. But those can't be brought back up now — or if they are, it's to a small audience and not the whole world," says Amy Heinz, who regularly shares anecdotes about her three children on her blog, usingourwords.com.
To protect the privacy of her children, she refers to them in blogs by nicknames — Big, Little and Pink. At first, she didn't use photos of their faces, but she's eased up.
"I am always conscious that what I'm posting is affecting more than myself," she says.
Parents who enforce strict blackout rules are still very much in the minority. In a 2011 survey, 66 percent of Generation X parents (people born in the 1960s and '70s) said they post photos of their children online, while more than half said they have shared news about a child's accomplishment online. The poll was part of the Longitudinal Study of American Youth at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research.
Aisha Sultan, a fellow at the institute when the poll was conducted, thinks the results might be different if the same questions were posed to respondents today.
"Back (then) there wasn't a lot of conversation about this," says Sultan, who is a nationally syndicated parenting advice columnist at the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. "When parents first started joining Facebook in large numbers it wasn't the primary concern. We felt like we were in control of information we were sharing with friends and family."
Facebook's privacy blunders over the years, not to mention frequent updates to its confusing privacy policies, changed all that. Now, Sultan says, parents are much more aware of the little control they have over their personal data online.
Lawmakers have begun to pay some attention to the issue, too. A new California law requires online services, websites or apps that collect personally identifiable information to remove content that minors have posted, if requested. The measure goes into effect next year.
"It's a good start, but I don't think it replaces a lot of parental conversation, regulation and oversight," Sultan says.
She should know. Recently, her sister had a baby. Not thinking about it, Sultan posted a photo of her newborn niece on her Instagram account, which is locked and only includes close friends and family.
"I got in big trouble with my brother-in-law," she says. "He said... 'Please ask before you do that.'"
Reach Barbara Ortutay on Twitter at https://twitter.com/BarbaraOrtutay


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Firm Profile
We believe in the value of relationships. We view every client relationship like a partnership, and truly believe that our success is a result of your success. We are committed to providing close, personal attention to our clients. We take pride in giving you the assurance that the personal assistance you receive comes from years of advanced training, technical experience and financial acumen.
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Sophisticated, seductive and bold, Reflections engage in a subtle play of contrasts. The iconic bear-shaped art toy is taking on new adventures in the luxury world with this ultra-elegant version.
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Baccarat Crystal has, from the beginning, affixed its signature on strong works illustrating all the facets of artistic craftsmanship and covering a vast repertoire of inspiration.
In 1764 King Louis XV of France gave Bishop Montmorency-Laval of Metz permission to found a glassworks in the village of Baccarat located in Lorraine in eastern France.
The creations of great artists inspired by the magic of crystal are all magnificent stones brought together into building the Art de Vivre collection.
This is how Baccarat perpetuates the great French tradition of a cosmopolitan art of living. Envisioned by Philippe Starck, the Baccarat House in Paris, home to the brand's headquarters, is a meeting place for its most beautiful creations and one of its most beautiful manifestations.
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Filters: Author is Gregory D. Peterson [Clear All Filters]
Exploring New Architectures in Accelerating CFD for Air Force Applications," Proceedings of the DoD HPCMP User Group Conference, Seattle, Washington, January 2008. (492.86 KB)"
From CUDA to OpenCL: Towards a Performance-portable Solution for Multi-platform GPU Programming," Parallel Computing, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 391-407, August 2012. (1.64 MB)"
Power Aware Computing on GPUs," SAAHPC '12 (Best Paper Award), Argonne, IL, July 2012. (658.06 KB)"
GPU-accelerated Co-design of Induced Dimension Reduction: Algorithmic Fusion and Kernel Overlap," 2nd International Workshop on Hardware-Software Co-Design for High Performance Computing, Austin, TX, ACM, November 2015. (1.46 MB)"
Optimization and Performance Evaluation of the IDR Iterative Krylov Solver on GPUs," The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 220–230, March 2018. (2.08 MB)"


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By EJ Dionne, Washington Post Writers Group
I have no desire to smoke marijuana, partly because doing so might drive me back to the cigarette habit I broke two decades ago. I don't want to be one of those "cool parents" who pretend to be as culturally advanced as their kids. In my case, that's a ridiculous aspiration anyway.
And I agree with those who call attention to the dangers of excessive indulgence in marijuana and want to encourage people to resist it. Nobody wants us to become a nation of stoners.
Nonetheless, I have come to believe that we should legalize or at least decriminalize marijuana use nationally. The way we enforce marijuana laws is unconscionable. The arrest rates for possession are astoundingly and shamefully different for whites and African-Americans. The incongruence between what our statutes require and what Americans actually do cannot be sustained.
The key document in this debate should be a study released last June by the American Civil Liberties Union. It found that marijuana use is comparable across racial lines — 14 percent for African-Americans and 12 percent for whites in 2010. But the arrest rates are not. It turns out that "a black person was 3.73 times more likely to be arrested for marijuana possession than a white person."
"In states with the worst disparities," the report noted, "blacks were on average over six times more likely to be arrested for marijuana possession than whites. In the worst offending counties across the country, blacks were over 10, 15, even 30 times more likely to be arrested than white residents of the same county."
True, we could equalize things by massively diverting police energies to make sure that whites got arrested at the same rate as African-Americans, thus adding to the ranks of those with rap sheets. But to offer this "solution" is to show how absurd it is. If we're not willing to guarantee that a law is enforced with rough equality, doesn't this tell us something about what we think of it in the first place?
In a recent New York Times column, David Brooks made the classic argument for keeping marijuana illegal. "Laws profoundly mold culture, so what sort of community do we want our laws to nurture?" he asked. "
The "law as teacher" thesis is attractive until you start jailing people and creating arrest records that can harm them for many years. And we don't need to make something illegal to discourage its use, as we have learned in the battle against cigarette smoking.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the proportion of cigarette smokers in our country dropped from 42.4 percent in 1965 to 18 percent in 2012. We have built legal fences around tobacco, using regulations to send the signals Brooks is talking about without making tobacco consumption a crime.
I know Brooks doesn't approve of the racial disparities in marijuana enforcement, and I'm sure that's also true of my Washington Post colleague Ruth Marcus, who wrote last week that "widespread legalization is a bad idea." At the same time, she asserted: "Throwing people in jail for smoking pot is dumb and wasteful." This second point is entirely right, which is why we need to change our marijuana statutes.
The debate we need is not between the status quo and legalization but between legalizing marijuana for non-medical uses and decriminalizing it. Decriminalization would be a form of public disapproval without all of the contradictions and injustices of our current approach.
Here, our federal system can help us. Colorado and Washington have embarked on their legalization experiments, while more than a dozen states have decriminalized pot by imposing, at most, limited, speeding-ticket style penalties for possession.
Public sentiment is moving toward change, and for good reason. A Pew poll last year found that 72 percent of Americans agreed that "government efforts to enforce marijuana laws cost more than they are worth."
That's true, and those costs are far heavier for some of our fellow citizens than for others.


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High quality print of this slim fit tank-top will turn heads. And bystanders won't be disappointed - the racerback cut looks good one any woman's shoulders.
.: Slim fit
.: 60% Soft cotton; 40% Polyester (fibre content may vary for different colors)
.: Extra light fabric (3.9 oz/yd² (132 g/m²))
.: Tear away label
.: Runs smaller than usual


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China Vitae tracks the appearances and travel of up to 200 leading Chinese officials. Information is available on the date and location of the activity, officials in attendance, the topics raised, and the source of the data.
For a complete record of official's appearances and travel, click on the official's name.
China Vitae uses the following sources to obtain appearance and travel information on tracked officials: (View Sources)
|VIP Appearances & Travel
Travel and Appearances for:
Yang Zhengwu
Member of the 16th CPC Central Committee
Born: 1941, Hunan Province, Longshan County
(view full biography)
Appeared/Travelled With:
Map (show)


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Selections from the Catalogue: Photography and Photorealism
This portfolio contains major works from the Rose's permanent collection, highlighted in our catalogue. Taken from the chapter, Photography and Photorealism: The Vanishing, these pieces represent a sample of our collection's photographic and photorealistic works.
|Showing 1 of 1
Your current search criteria is: Portfolio is "Selections from the Catalogue: Photography and Photorealism" and [Objects]Display Artist is "Sarah Charlesworth".


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In this section, you can find all the industrial technical engineers or the office techniques where you can make your carry out electrical installations of high and low tension, transformation centres, network designs of telecommunications, various industrial installations (air conditioning, storage for chemical products, etc)
Nowadays there are no Engineers in the Mazarron's business directory.
Note: If you wish to advertise on Mazarron´s Business Directory, , send us an e-mail at email@example.com
Use the following forum to deal with themes related to Engineers in Mazarron; Engineer, industrial, Engineers, projects, architects, plans, etc.
Please read the rules of use carefully before taking part.
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An Act relative to remedial course vouchers for students impacted by COVID-19
By Mr. O'Connor, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 854) of Patrick M. O'Connor for legislation relative to remedial course vouchers for students impacted by COVID-19. Higher Education.
Bill Information
Bill Information
- Presenter:
- Patrick M. O'Connor
The information contained in this website is for general information purposes only. The General Court provides this information as a public service and while we endeavor to keep the data accurate and current to the best of our ability, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, accuracy, reliability, suitability or availability with respect to the website or the information contained on the website for any purpose. Any reliance you place on such information is therefore strictly at your own risk.


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- Medicine
- Wellness
- Lab Tests
- Beauty
- Health Corner
All Skin Types
Full Coverage
people are buying
on Netmeds
The contents of this website are for informational purposes only and not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please seek the advice of a physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Do not disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website.


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Industrial Gas Springs – Push Type
Individual stroke length and extension forces
Valve Technology
Extension force max. 180 N
Stroke 40 mm
They are supplied filled according to individual customer pressure requirements and maybe adjusted later by use of the inbuilt valve. The free of charge ACE calculation service designs the gas springs with mounting points specifically for the particular application. A variety of additional components makes assembly even easier and allows universal application of the gas springs.
CAD Drawings
|40 mm
|L extended
|112 mm
Technical data
Extension force max. 180 N
Piston rod diameter Ø 4 mm
Progression Approx. 20 % to 35 %
Lifetime Approx. 10,000 m
Operating temperature range -20 °C to +80 °C
Material Outer body: coated steel; Piston rod: stainless steel (1.4301/1.4305, AISI 304/303); End fittings: zinc plated steel
Operating fluid nitrogen gas and oil
Mounting We recommend mounting with piston rod downwards to take advantage of the built-in end position damping.
End position damping length approx. 10 mm (depending on the stroke)
Positive stop External positive stop at the end of stroke provided by the customer.
Increased break-away force if unit has not moved for some time.
End fittings
They are interchangeable and if necessary must be positively secured by the customer to prevent unscrewing.
Safety information
Gas pressure springs should not be installed under pre-tension.
On request
Special oils and other special options. Alternative accessories. Different end position damping and extension speed.
Application Examples
Application Areas
- hoods
- shutters
- machine housing
- conveyor systems
- control boxes
- furniture industry
- jacking applications
- assembly stations
- vehicle technology
- folding elements


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Thinlits™ create dazzling detailed shapes for more creative cardmaking and papercrafting projects. These wafer-thin chemical-etched die sets are designed to cut a single sheet of cardstock, paper, metallic foil or vellum. Use them for enhanced intricacy and to add a special touch of inspiration to all your projects. Select designs are also available with coordinating embossing folders for cutting around your embossed images. Thinlits Dies are compatible with Big Shot™, BIGkick™ and Vagabond™ Machines with the machine's included platform; when using the Essentials Platform or Solo Platform & Shim, the Extended Adapter or Solo Adapter is required.
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Want to become the ultimate crossword puzzle-solver? Let us help you find answers to crossword puzzles with our online crossword-solver, whether you have a word on the tip of your tongue or just need one clue. Crossword puzzle answers for today can be found easily, so you don't have to wait for the next day's newspaper or cheat on an app to find out the solutions. Use this crossword helper to enter crossword clues, search for specific words by the number of letters, or read our guide to learn new, different strategies for solving your daily crossword. Help is finally here in our ultimate guide to crossword puzzle-solving!
Our ultimate guide has everything, like where to find crossword games, how to solve crosswords, the most common crossword clues and answers, and other fun facts about America's favorite word-puzzle game. Nothing is more maddening than a crossword clue that's difficult to understand, but don't worry! Enter that tricky crossword puzzle clue into our tool and you'll find yourself in crossword heaven!
Tired of perplexing crossword clues? Our NYT Connections answers & hints page is here to help you group today's categories. Whatever crossword puzzles you play, get ready to elevate your solving experience!
Using our word-finder, crossword fans can easily enter the clues that are stumping them and let our word-grabber find several different options. There are two main strategies for getting crossword puzzle help: enter in the clue and have our crossword-tracker grab answers, or try out our word-solver to find the specific word by the letters you have and size of the space you need to fill in.
Get specific crossword clue help by learning answers you're likely to need. Here are a few common examples:
Crossword-writers are known for their wit, subtlety, and wordplay. Crossword-solvers are frequently known for scratching their heads in confusion at out-of-date or uncommon terms that are used because they so often make a great fit on the board. These crossword quiz answers might not be used in everyday speech, but they're used often in crossword puzzles. In fact, there's a word to describe this: "crosswordese." These are the top 30 most commonly used crossword clue answers.
Here's a quick overview of the best free crossword puzzles that you can find online, either on mobile devices or your desktop. We recommend playing on a tablet; that way, it's easier to read most crossword puzzle games. Free puzzles can be found with difficulties ranging from easy to hard. For instance, one can find pretty easy online crossword puzzles from USA Today, but if you really want a hard puzzle, pick the New York Times crossword on Saturday.
Remember that if you get stuck on your daily crossword, answers can be found easily with our clue-finder!
Let's split up how to do a crossword puzzle into in the basic steps as well as some pro tips.
It can be hard to understand a crossword clue because crossword-writers are absolutely notorious for being cryptic. A good crossword player is typically a master riddle-solver, as one has to really think outside of the box to figure out some of these more difficult hints. Here are a few crossword-solving tips:
The most important tip is to practice. Max Deutsch took a month to master the Saturday New York Times crossword, and it required consistent practice, about 46 hours in total. He used a lot of memorization with letter training, memorizing crossword answers and clue pairings and completing a sizable number of puzzles. Practice is a huge piece of the puzzle but not the only piece, as harder puzzles like cryptic crosswords require divergent and flexible thinking.
What Are Cryptic Crosswords?
Cryptics are different types of crosswords with even more tricky wordplay, and the clues are often deliberately misleading. They tend to be more popular in Britain and the greater commonwealth of Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. They can also be found in a few publications in America, like The New Yorker.
Note: Not all British crosswords are cryptic. British-style crosswords tend to have more black squares in a particular pattern than American-style crosswords; cryptic crosswords are a separate thing!
How Do You Solve Cryptic Crosswords?
Cryptic crosswords are like normal crosswords, but the clues tend to involve wordplay and also have very convoluted, intentionally confusing hints. If you're doing a cryptic crossword, know that the definition is typically hiding in plain sight, and don't lose heart!
Depending on the difficulty and the specific newspaper editor, you might find cryptic crossword clues with weird traits like these:
Of course, it can even get harder, like metapuzzles, crosswords that unlock even more word puzzles, or Schrodinger puzzles, in which clues have more than one correct answer. Once you start getting the hang of being a crosswords-solver, you can start to seek out some of these more difficult puzzles!
If you're a teacher or a parent trying to learn how to create a crossword puzzle as an educational tool, it's quite easy!
You'll need a crossword-maker. Here are a few places where you can make your own free printable crossword puzzles for kids:
Once you have the program installed, follow these steps:
It sounds very simple, but the process of creating your own crossword can get more complicated.
Did you know that you can actually submit your crosswords to be published? If you're feeling confident, you can submit your finished, formatted puzzle to places like The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, or Simon & Schuster.
Use our online crossword-solver to get better at finding crossword solutions quickly, and you may be able to master even the Saturday puzzles! We're the ultimate word-game helper, with dozens of tools, word-finders, word counters, and guides to help you master whatever you might be playing, from Scrabble to Words With Friends to other popular word games. Solve every crossword clue and get the help you need with our solver today!


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Do you want to order gold jewelry? Prices shown are approximative!
Contact us to receive an actual price before placing an order.
Do you want to order gold jewelry? Prices shown are approximative!
Contact us to receive an actual price before placing an order.
The Blue Lodge Ring will be crafted specifically for you as soon as you place an order. The crafting process and our special attention ensure that you will own a unique piece of jewelry. When you make an ordering this Freemason ring, it will be entirely handmade specifically for you and your requirements.
The Masonic ring can be made of Sterling Silver .925, Yellow Gold (10ct, 14ct, 18ct), White Gold (10ct, 14ct, 18ct), Yellow Gold Plated, Rose Gold Plated, Rhodium Plated. You can choose of few finishes of your Masonic ring - Vintage, Polished, Rustic, Matte, Cosmic.
Here you can find other suggestions for Masonic Lodge Rings, Custom Masonic Rings and Masonic Jewelry With Gemstone
You can also add, remove or change almost everything of your ring**
**Sometimes the offered customizations are not possible. We will discuss each step of your custom ring crafting with you. During the crafting process, we will send you photos of the model, of the ring before sending it and each crafting step at all.
**The current price is according to DETAIL`s tab information. If you want to add, remove or change weight, gemstones, elements or something else you should contact us to discuss your requirements and it`s exact price.
Note! The color of the actual items may slightly different from the listing images due to the different computer screens. Thanks for your understanding.
|Product Varieties
|Crafting origin
|Entirely Handmade
|Metal varieties
|Sterling Silver 925, Yellow Gold, White Gold, Gold plated
|Purity varieties
|925, 10ct, 14ct, 18ct, 24ct
|Approximate Weight
|18 grams (weight in silver; x1,2 in Gold 14ct; x1,3 in Gold 18ct)
|Top dimensions
|~ 21 x 17 mm
|Size varieties
|Any sizes
|Shipping & Handling Time
|Crafting time
|~ 10 business days
|Standard shipping
|2-5 weeks (depends on destination and other factors that not depends on us)
|Express shipping
|DHL (1-4 business days, depends on destination). By default, all Gold Jewelry is shipped with DHL or equal post service WITH INCLUDED INSURANCE and it`s included in the price.