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Create an online forum community where like-minded users can share their point of view or experience, hold conversations, answer questions, discuss topics, and more to promote engagement and interactivity. Depending on your specifications and goals, DDA's forum developers can create an open forum where anyone can start a new discussion topic and anyone can reply, or a question and answer forum in which a particular question is posed to the community and users provide a direct response. Additionally, DDA offers forum hosting services.
In the world of online communities, there are discussion forums for virtually any area of interest and the advantages are just about as numerous. Forums allow you to get relevant and sometimes educational content on your site; they can increase traffic through repeat visitors; when combined with a programmed registration setup, they enable you to capture names, emails addresses, and other pertinent demographic information; and they provide an opportunity for you to have a relationship with your users in a very unique a special way. DDA's forum creators can construct your community to your precise requirements and build the tools you need to manage user involvement.
Animation >
Animation Overview
3D Modeling >
3D Modeling Overview
3D Model Rotations
CGI for Product Development
Photo-Realistic 3D Modeling for Print
Scientific, Medical, Device, or Product Visualization
Video Animation >
2D Flash Animation
3D Animation
Character Animation
Full Motion Animation for Video
Medical Animation
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Personal Health Records (PHRs) Mobile Applications
Online Applications >
Online Applications Overview
Custom Online Applications
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software
Locality Finder
Online Databases
Online Forms
Online PowerPoint Generator
Online Stock Ticker / News Feeds
Augmented and Virtual Reality >
360-Degree Presentations >
360-Degree Presentations Overview
Product Rotation
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Augmented and Virtual Reality Overview
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Digital Photography >
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Photo Manipulation and Scanning
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Graphic Design Overview
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Trade Show Displays Overview
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Internet Marketing >
Internet Marketing Overview
Banner Ads
Competitive Marketing Analysis
Contextual Ads
Email Marketing
Google Video Adwords
Keyword Research
Natural (or Organic) Search Engine Optimization
Pay-Per-Click Internet Marketing >
Pay-Per-Click Internet Marketing Overview
Affiliate Program
Bid Management
Pre-launch and Post-launch Optimization
Reputation Monitoring and Repair
Search Engine Marketing
Social Media Marketing
Viral Marketing
Marketing and Branding >
Marketing and Branding Overview
Corporate Identity And Branding >
Brand Development and Management
Corporate Identity
Marketing >
Marketing for Foreign Firms
New Product Launch
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Programming >
CD-ROM / DVD / Blu-ray >
CD-ROM / DVD / Blu-ray Overview
Business Card to Full-Size CDs
CD / DVD / Blu-ray Duplication and Replication
CD-ROM Video Presentations
Corporate Presentations
DVD Video Presentations
Instructional Manuals
PowerPoint Presentations
Print-to-CD Catalogs
Product Launch
Training Tools
Website Promotion
Programming for Corporate and Medical Communications >
Programming for Corporate and Medical Communications Overview
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Platforms
Training Validation, Certification, and Accreditation
Virtual Meetings
Video and Audio Production >
Video and Audio Production Overview
360-Degree Video
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Archive Webcasting
CD-ROM, DVD, and Blu-ray Production
Corporate Capabilities Videos
Disc Label and Case Design
Educational / Instructional / Training Videos
Filming In-studio or On-Location
Financial Videos
Interactive Videos
Live Webcasting
Medical Videos
Product and Service Videos
Retail Videos
Software Capture for Video
Special Effects (FX)
Spokesperson Videos
Streaming Video Hosting
Synchronized Media
Testimonial Videos
Trade Show Videos
Video Games
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Website Design and Development >
Website Design and Development Overview
Content Development or Content Management
Custom Web Application Development
Flash Animation Development
Integrated Video
Mobile-Optimized Websites >
Mobile-Optimized Websites Overview
Responsive Website Design and Development
Smartphone-Compatible Websites
Website Conversion for Apple iPhone and iPad Compatibility
Programming in PHP, Java, ASP, ColdFusion, Flash ActionScript
Usability Analysis
Visitor Conversion and Landing Pages
Web Design and Corporate Identity
Website Architecture and Navigation
Website Hosting
Website Metrics Reporting
Website Spokesperson
Latest Blog Posts
iPhone® and iPad® are trademarks of Apple, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Android™ and Google AdWords™ are trademarks of Google Inc. Blackberry® is owned by Research In Motion Limited and is registered in the United States and may be pending or registered in other countries. Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Flash® is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries.
Copyright © 2012 by Dynamic Digital Advertising, LLC. All rights reserved.


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IMPORTANT: Please right-click and "save target as" to download the selected document. This will ensure your system displays the document correctly. Fillable forms are not viewable within a web browser.
Content Managers: Please do not link directly to these documents use the Master Document List to retrieve correct links.
Document Link
BP 6505 - - Pathways to Early College CreditGet the link for your site. Highlight and copy the link below.Standard link points to the WCSDPolicy.net site so the user can download the most recent document.https://www.wcsdpolicy.net/search.php?search=BP 6505This link goes to the WCSDPolicy.net site but will automatically open the document in the web browser.https://www.wcsdpolicy.net/search.php?search=BP 6505&rd=TRUE
Adobe Acrobat Reader- Most of the district's forms are presented in the Adobe Acrobat Reader format (PDF). Click the link to get the latest version of Adobe's Acrobat Reader.

subset: commoncrawl


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New 2023 Kia Niro SX Touring SUV
- Body Style: SUV
- Model Code: G4272
- Engine: Gas/Electric I-4 1.6 L/96
- Transmission: Automatic
- Drive Type: FWD
- Ext. Color: Runway Red
- Int. Color: Charcoal
- Mileage: 95
- Stock #: 813
Olympia, WA 98502 Visit Website
*Please contact dealer to verify price, options, and other vehicle details.
MPG Disclaimer: *Based on 2023 EPA mileage and driving range ratings. Use for comparison purposes only. Your MPGe/MPG and driving range will vary depending on driving conditions, how you drive and maintain your vehicle, battery age/condition, and other factors.
Contact Us
Please fill in the form and click submit. Required fields (*).
Similar Vehicles
The price for this vehicle as equipped does not include charges such as: License, Title, Registration Fees, State or Local Taxes, Finance Charges, Credit Investigation, Optional Credit Insurance, Physical Damage or Liability Insurance, Delivery Fees, or a negotiable $150 Documentary Service Fee. Any and all differences must be addressed prior to the sale of this vehicle.


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Contact Info
Kula, Hawaii 96790
- Phone 1:
- 808-878-8604
Highrise buildings might dominate the skyline of Honolulu but it's the warm sea and sandy beaches that are the real draw to this pleasant city, the Hawaiian Islands' capital.
Use our easy Lodging Search to find exactly the type of accommodation you are looking for at the right price.Search Now
Switch to Mobile Browser Mode
We offer a compact version of Go-Hawaii for mobile users, allowing you to access just the information you need on the road. Of course, you can still use the full version of Go-Hawaii on your mobile device just as you can on your desktop.


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Already submitted your application?
2007-2020 Carrington Mortgage Services, LLC headquartered at 1600 South Douglass Road, Suites 110 & 200A, Anaheim, CA 92806. (800)561-4567. All rights reserved. NMLS ID 2600. For licensing information, go to: www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org. AZ: Mortgage Banker BK-0910745. CA: Licensed by the Department of Business Oversight under the California Residential Mortgage Lending Act, file 413 0904. GA: Georgia Residential Mortgage Licensee 22721. MN: This is not an offer to enter into an interest rate lock agreement under Minnesota Law. MO: Missouri Company License 18-1746. In-state office: Missouri In-State Branch License 18-1746. 251 SW Noel, #108, Lees Summit, MO 64063. NJ: Licensed by the N.J. Department of Banking and Insurance. NV: Mortgage Broker License 4068 (Residential Mortgage Lending). NY: Licensed Mortgage Banker—NYS Department of Financial Services. New York Mortgage Banker License B500980/107664. RI: Rhode Island Licensed Lender, Lender License 20112809LL. VA: NMLS ID 2600. Also licensed in AK, AL, AR, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, HI, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, ME, MI, MS, MT, NC, NE, NH, NM, OH, OK, OR, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, WA, WI, WV and WY. NOTICE: All loans are subject to credit, underwriting, and property approval guidelines. Offered loan products may vary by state. There is no guarantee that all borrowers will qualify. Restrictions may apply. This is not a commitment to lend. Terms, conditions, and programs are subject to change without notice. This information is for mortgage professionals only and is not intended for distribution to consumers. Carrington Mortgage Services, LLC is not acting on behalf of or at the direction of HUD/FHA or any government agency. All rights reserved.
2023 Carrington Wholesale Lending . All Rights Reserved


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Mike Florio and Chris Simms look at which rookie running backs have the best chance at making an impact in the 2021 NFL season. #NBCSports #NFL #2021NFLDraft
» Subscribe to NBC Sports: https://www.youtube.com/nbcsports?sub_confirmation=1
» Watch Pro Football Talk live on Peacock weekdays 7a-9a: https://bit.ly/2JpZZpo
» Get the latest from Pro Football Talk: https://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/
NBC Sports Group serves sports fans 24/7 with premier live events, insightful studio shows, and compelling original programming. NBC Sports is an established leader in the sports media landscape with an unparalleled collection of sports properties that include the Olympics, NFL, Premier League, NHL, NASCAR, PGA TOUR, the Kentucky Derby, Tour de France, French Open, IndyCar and many more. Subscribe to our channel for the latest sporting news and highlights!
Mike Florio, creator of the industry-leading Profootballtalk.com, offers his NFL insight alongside regular guests, including former NFL athletes such as Chris Simms. Pro Football Talk informs and entertains with the most up-to-date news and analysis surrounding the topical NFL stories of the day.
Visit NBC Sports: https://www.nbcsports.com
Find NBC Sports on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/NBCSports
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Which NFL rookie running backs could unseat veterans in 2021? | Pro Football Talk | NBC Sports https://www.youtube.com/nbcsports
You can view the original video HERE.


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Today's Sale! Save BIG w/ *FREE DELIVERY - Use Code: FREEDEL20
Today's Sale ! Save Big w/ *Free Delivery - Use Code: FREEDEL20
Shop premium flower arrangements online and order flowers for same day delivery! Shop and Order Today!
Avas Flowers is a professional family owned and operated florist. We accept orders 24 hours a day, 7 days a week through our website and through our after-hours service for all of New York and its residents. We will gladly have fresh cut flowers, plants, bouquets and fruit baskets delivered to friends and family members located in or around Old Westbury.
No matter what kind of floral arrangement that you choose to send to your loved ones, rest assured that your bouquet, basket or vase of fresh flowers will arrive at your loved one's door looking amazing.
Not sure what to send? Browse our wide selection of floral arrangements online or let us create an arrangement just for you. Avas Flowers stands behind its work and delivers on all of its commitments to our customers.
Our qualified specialists work incredibly hard to ensure that every arrangement is the best it can be and our customers are always our first priority. Order flowers online today and experience first-hand what Avas Flowers can do for you.
Old Westbury, NY Map
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Some more products you might be interested in!
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25 Store Hill Rd
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211 Jericho Turnpike
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We offer flower delivery in Nassau County, NY to the following zip codes in an award winning gift box and through our affiliated local florists in and around Old Westbury, New York :
Who We Are And What We Do
We add tremendous value for our customers through our decades of experience and carefully curated research on capacity, pricing, and local availability. We also leverage our long standing relationships to bring our customers great offerings with the best savings. With that vast knowledge base and buying power, we're capable of navigating localized fulfillment to help our customers get the best possible outcomes for their floral order. Click here to learn more about who we are and what we do.
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What our customers say:
I called Avas Flowers to order a box of cut flowers for a friend's birthday party. She has called me three times to tell me how beautiful they were and, from what she described, I would have to say I received more than good value for my money, Thanks....
If you're shopping for a florist sale "near me" to order and send same day flowers today, take a look at our online flower store delivery service and discover that it is the best and cheapest option.


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About this Blog
The mission of the International Trade Administration is to create prosperity by strengthening the competitiveness of U.S. industry, promoting trade and investment, and ensuring fair trade and compliance with trade laws and agreements. Through its websites and other online resources, the International Trade Administration offers broad public access to a wide range of information. Blog.trade.gov offers the public an alternative source to mainstream media for trade information. This blog offers the opportunity for participants to discuss issues that impact international trade with employees of the International Trade Administration.
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Kanwal Enterprises is a reliable company that you can rely on for buying Spot Welding Machine in Longleng. From Automotive Filter Manufacturing Machines, Knife Pleating Machine, HEPA Filter Manufacturing Machines, Gas Turbine Filter Manufacturing Machines, to Decoiler, we have all types of machines and a lot more to meet the needs of our customers. With our consistent efforts, we devote ourselves strictly to the right manufacturing process.
As one of the paramount Spot Welding Machine Manufacturers in Longleng, we keep our focus on maintaining the quality of our products and their performance respectively. We maintain industry standards and have good credibility in the market. Our products are available in standard as well as customized both the options to suit the requirements of the customers.
Being one of the leading Spot Welding Machine Exporters and Suppliers in Longleng, we have a good client base, which is increasing day after day. To be the part of our satisfied clientele and to experience the goodness of our products, reach us through the details available on our website.
Quick Enquiry
Explore The Latest Spot Welding Machine In Longleng
Kanwal Enterprises is one of the trustworthy Spot Welding Machine Manufacturers In Longleng who can manufacture the best quality products that help your industry. Our dedication and innovative skills permit us to build our company as a recognized one in the market. Our portfolio has; Automotive Filter Dust Feeder, Air Filter Test Rig, Oil Filter Test Rig, Fuel Filter Testing Machine, Burst Test Equipment, Max Pore And Pore Test Equipment, Impulse Test Rig, Relief Valve Opening Test Rig, Bubble Test Machine, Leak Testing Machine, and Cav Coil Type Filter Machine. We focus on every detail of our Spot Welding Machine, which makes it the best In Longleng. We manufacture products that is highly durable, reliable, and productive. Our products come with a warranty and are created to meet international quality grades. Also, we understand the need of every industry and customize the products accordingly. For risk-free Spot Welding Machine In Margao, Amritsar, Ivory Coast, we are the best stop for you to buy the Spot Welding Machine In Longleng.
Why Are We The Best Spot Welding Machine Manufacturers In Longleng?
We manufacture the Spot Welding Machine In Longleng with modern machinery and cut-edge tools. All products are designed under the supervision of highly trained experts who keep an eye on every minute detail to check the quality of the Spot Welding Machine and ensure their safety. We work beyond our boundaries to deliver the best to our customers. We strictly follow the industry norms while formulating the products. Our main objective is to provide a technically advanced Spot Welding Machine In Longleng to our clients and attain their maximum satisfaction. Our team's hard work and dedication help us to stand out of the curve. We offer Paper Edge Cutting Machine, Filter Marking Machine, Automotive Filter Rotary Pleating Machine, HEPA Filter Manufacturing Machines, DOP Smoke Generator, HEPA Paper Filter Test Rig, Pusher Bar Pleating Machine, Mini Pleating Machine, Tower Hepa Paper Pleating Machine, Aluminium Foil Corrugation, And Cutting Machine In Longleng. Our Spot Welding Machine is known for its outstanding features like user-friendly design, automatic function, and ease of installation with long running life. So get the best quality Spot Welding Machine In Raigarh, Zimbabwe, Kuwait from us. We assure you to deliver you the innovative Spot Welding Machine in Longleng at the best price.
Place Spot Welding Machine Order Now From Anywhere
Being counted among top-notch Spot Welding Machine Exporters And Suppliers In Longleng, we are available everywhere. We are committed to delivering your order to your doorstep in the given time. No matter where you are; Clinton, Darjeeling, Sikkim, we are a click away from you. Browse our website and find the best Spot Welding Machine In Longleng. We also provide installation and maintenance services to our valued clients. So for an affordable destination for Spot Welding Machine needs in Longleng, we are the one to rely on.
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Kanwal Enterprises is an ISO 9001:2008 certified company, established in the year 1995, headed by the honorable CEO Mr. Tajinder Pal Singh. The company has always strived to deliver Spot Welding Machine that is a perfect match to the requirements of the clients and industry standards. The company is also gaining huge repute in the Indian as well as international market for delivering Spot Welding Machine that is worth an investment for businesses in filter making industry.
The Spot Welding Machine is manufactured and assembled in India, hence it becomes relatively cost effective. Even foreign buyers can avail best deals as we believe in delivering Spot Welding Machine that showcases excellent performance and is easy on pocket.
The Spot Welding Machine is designed incorporating latest technology, hence is fully automatic. You need to feed the details and the Spot Welding Machine is all set to give desired output saving a lot of time.
If you have a complete setup spread over an area of 4000-5000 sqft, you will need around 10-12 kv electric load for the Spot Welding Machine and other machines to work properly and give quality plus quantity output.
Our 24*7 customer support team is available to assist you with your query regarding Spot Welding Machine. You can send your query through filling your details on the 'Quick Enquiry' form available on the website. Apart from this, you can also call us on +91-9810271423 and +91-9871472134, or drop an email at email@example.com. You can also visit us at our registered office address Gali No. 3-4, Sheetla Colony, Sector-5 Gurgaon, Haryana, India- 122001.
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Copyright © 2019 Kanwal Enterprises | All Rights Reserved . Website Designed & SEO By Webclick™ Digital Pvt. Ltd. Website Designing Company India


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Disobey Cat Tank Top Funny Obey Clothing Cats Tops S-3XL
Online shop Disobey Cat Tank Top tank top adult shop with exaggerated arm openings will keep you cool while looking stylish all day long. This Tank Tops Funny Obey Clothing Disobey Cat fetaures a longer length and a relaxed fit. Its made with 4.3oz 100% ringspun combed cotton. Tank top Designed and hand screen printed with environmentally friendly 100% solvent free water based ink onon a super soft super soft lightweight Tank top. Designed by Desains Store Laps with professional graphic designer Tank top Print.
We carry many different style tanks which are all sized different, so please check measurements for each style before ordering Tank Top And feel free to contact me if you need help choosing the best size. This racerback tank has a rounded bottom and merrowed hem. Light weight tank which can be worn alone or layered over another tank. I love this fit.
We specialize in inspirational running quotes in our shop and this one is just fantastic! Either you have accomplished your first half marathon race or not this thank top is a super way to congratulate yourself or keep you motivated to race your first one! This Tank Top no factories, no machines, non toxic ink.Since each product is hand printed, placement and sizing (due to the size of garment) may vary slightly.
Wash with similar colors using cold/warm water. Tumble dry on medium heat. Iron inside out if needed and avoid ironing over design. Do not bleach.
Please be sure to look at our Shipping & Policies page before purchasing for information on Processing and Shipping times, as well as our Return Policy. This item is made to order, so please allow 3-5 business days for for me to print your order. Tracking code will be provided with the confirmation e-mail when the completed order is shipped. Because of the majority of our customers ask us not to, we do not include a receipt. Thanks for looking Disobey Cat Tank Top, hope you back again.


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Soft Baby Toys, Waldorf, Baby and Girl Dolls from Germany
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Kathe Kruse @ euroSource brings you
the finest handcrafted Waldorf dolls, vinyl dolls, and soft baby and toddler toys. Natural, safe, phthalate-free products.
Visit Anchor Stone @ euroSource for toy stone building block sets made in Germany.
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Lancaster, PA USA
Phone: +1 (717) 517-6527
Email: Send us a note
© 1999 - 2023 euroSource LLC - Lancaster, PA USA - All Rights Reserved(Dolls and Soft Toys for Babies and Toddlers : Kathe Kruse : Donauwörth, Germany, Europe)


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Rio Hondo College, serving the communities of El Monte, Pico Rivera, Santa Fe Springs, South El Monte, and Whittier for over 50 years.
Rio Hondo College
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Whittier, CA 90601
Phone: (562) 692-0921
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retreats are becoming very popular and something which everyone should experience.
retreats themselves can be greatly varied with preferences ranging from Retreat Setting, duration of retreat, suitability for singles, couples etc.
We understand that and offer a selection from which you can shortlist your holiday.
This selection is presented below:


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Logging in Tomcat
Table of Contents
The internal logging for Apache Tomcat uses JULI, a packaged renamed fork
of Apache Commons Logging
that is hard-coded to use the
java.util.logging framework.
This ensures that Tomcat's internal logging and any web application
logging will remain independent, even if a web application uses Apache
Commons Logging.
To configure Tomcat to use an alternative logging framework for its
internal logging, follow the instructions provided by the alternative
logging framework for redirecting logging for applications that use
java.util.logging. Keep in mind that the alternative logging
framework will need to be capable of working in an environment where
different loggers with the same name may exist in different class loaders.
A web application running on Apache Tomcat can:
- Use any logging framework of its choice.
Use system logging API,
Use the logging API provided by the Java Servlets specification,
The logging frameworks used by different web applications are independent.
See class loading for more details.
The exception to this rule is
java.util.logging. If it used
directly or indirectly by your logging library then elements of it will be
shared across web applications because it is loaded by the system class
Java logging API — java.util.logging
Apache Tomcat has its own implementation of several key elements of
java.util.logging API. This implementation is called JULI.
The key component there is a custom LogManager implementation,
that is aware of different web applications running on Tomcat (and
their different class loaders). It supports private per-application
logging configurations. It is also notified by Tomcat when a web application
is unloaded from memory, so that the references to its classes can be
cleared, preventing memory leaks.
java.util.logging implementation is enabled by providing
certain system properties when starting Java. The Apache Tomcat startup
scripts do this for you, but if you are using different tools to run
Tomcat (such as jsvc, or running Tomcat from within an IDE), you should
take care of them by yourself.
More details about java.util.logging may be found in the documentation
for your JDK and on its Javadoc pages for the
More details about Tomcat JULI may be found below.
Servlets logging API
The calls to
javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...) to write
log messages are handled by internal Tomcat logging. Such messages are
logged to the category named
This logging is performed according to the Tomcat logging configuration. You cannot overwrite it in a web application.
The Servlets logging API predates the
java.util.logging API
that is now provided by Java. As such, it does not offer you much options.
E.g., you cannot control the log levels. It can be noted, though, that
in Apache Tomcat implementation the calls to
GenericServlet.log(String) are logged at the INFO level.
The calls to
ServletContext.log(String, Throwable) or
GenericServlet.log(String, Throwable)
are logged at the SEVERE level.
When running Tomcat on unixes, the console output is usually redirected
to the file named
catalina.out. The name is configurable
using an environment variable. (See the startup scripts).
Whatever is written to
System.err/out will be caught into
that file. That may include:
- Uncaught exceptions printed by
- Thread dumps, if you requested them via a system signal
When running as a service on Windows, the console output is also caught and redirected, but the file names are different.
The default logging configuration in Apache Tomcat writes the same messages to the console and to a log file. This is great when using Tomcat for development, but usually is not needed in production.
Old applications that still use
System.out or
can be tricked by setting
swallowOutput attribute on a
Context. If the attribute is set to
true, the calls to
System.out/err during request
processing will be intercepted, and their output will be fed to the
logging subsystem using the
javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...) calls.
Note, that the
swallowOutput feature is
actually a trick, and it has its limitations.
It works only with direct calls to
and only during request processing cycle. It may not work in other
threads that might be created by the application. It cannot be used to
intercept logging frameworks that themselves write to the system streams,
as those start early and may obtain a direct reference to the streams
before the redirection takes place.
Access logging
Access logging is a related but different feature, which is
implemented as a
Valve. It uses self-contained
logic to write its log files. The essential requirement for
access logging is to handle a large continuous stream of data
with low overhead, so it only uses Apache Commons Logging for
its own debug messages. This implementation approach avoids
additional overhead and potentially complex configuration.
Please refer to the Valves
documentation for more details on its configuration, including
the various report formats.
Using java.util.logging (default)
The default implementation of java.util.logging provided in the JDK is too limited to be useful. The key limitation is the inability to have per-web application logging, as the configuration is per-VM. As a result, Tomcat will, in the default configuration, replace the default LogManager implementation with a container friendly implementation called JULI, which addresses these shortcomings.
JULI supports the same configuration mechanisms as the standard JDK
java.util.logging, using either a programmatic approach, or
properties files. The main difference is that per-classloader properties
files can be set (which enables easy redeployment friendly webapp
configuration), and the properties files support extended constructs which
allows more freedom for defining handlers and assigning them to loggers.
JULI is enabled by default, and supports per classloader configuration, in addition to the regular global java.util.logging configuration. This means that logging can be configured at the following layers:
- Globally. That is usually done in the
${catalina.base}/conf/logging.propertiesfile. The file is specified by the
java.util.logging.config.fileSystem property which is set by the startup scripts. If it is not readable or is not configured, the default is to use the
${java.home}/lib/logging.propertiesfile in the JRE.
- In the web application. The file will be
The default
logging.properties in the JRE specifies a
ConsoleHandler that routes logging to System.err.
The default
conf/logging.properties in Apache Tomcat also
adds several
FileHandlers that write to files.
A handler's log level threshold is INFO by default and can be set using SEVERE, WARNING, INFO, CONFIG, FINE, FINER, FINEST or ALL. You can also target specific packages to collect logging from and specify a level.
To enable debug logging for part of Tomcat's internals, you should
configure both the appropriate logger(s) and the appropriate handler(s) to
use the
FINEST or
ALL level. e.g.:
When enabling debug logging it is recommended that it is enabled for the narrowest possible scope as debug logging can generate large amounts of information.
The configuration used by JULI is the same as the one supported by plain
java.util.logging, but uses a few extensions to allow better
flexibility in configuring loggers and handlers. The main differences are:
- A prefix may be added to handler names, so that multiple handlers of a
single class may be instantiated. A prefix is a String which starts with a
digit, and ends with '.'. For example,
22foobar.is a valid prefix.
- System property replacement is performed for property values which contain ${systemPropertyName}.
- If using a class loader that implements the
org.apache.juli.WebappPropertiesinterface (Tomcat's web application class loader does) then property replacement is also performed for
${classloader.serviceName}which are replaced with the web application name, the host name and the service name respectively.
- By default, loggers will not delegate to their parent if they have
associated handlers. This may be changed per logger using the
loggerName.useParentHandlersproperty, which accepts a boolean value.
- The root logger can define its set of handlers using the
- By default the log files will be kept on the file system forever.
This may be changed per handler using the
handlerName.maxDaysproperty. If the specified value for the property is
<=0then the log files will be kept on the file system forever, otherwise they will be kept the specified maximum days.
There are several additional implementation classes, that can be used
together with the ones provided by Java. The notable one is
org.apache.juli.FileHandler supports buffering of the
logs. The buffering is not enabled by default. To configure it, use the
bufferSize property of a handler. The value of
uses system default buffering (typically an 8K buffer will be used). A
value of
<0 forces a writer flush upon each log write. A
>0 uses a BufferedOutputStream with the defined
value but note that the system default buffering will also be
Example logging.properties file to be placed in $CATALINA_BASE/conf:
handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
.handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
# Handler specific properties.
# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = catalina.
2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = localhost.
3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = manager.
3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.bufferSize = 16384
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINE
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
# Facility specific properties.
# Provides extra control for each logger.
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].handlers = \
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].handlers = \
# For example, set the org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase logger to log
# each component that extends LifecycleBase changing state:
#org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.level = FINE
Example logging.properties for the servlet-examples web application to be placed in WEB-INF/classes inside the web application:
handlers = org.apache.juli.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
# Handler specific properties.
# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = ${classloader.webappName}.
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINE
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
Documentation references
See the following resources for additional information:
- Apache Tomcat Javadoc for the
- Oracle Java 6 Javadoc for the
Considerations for production usage
You may want to take note of the following:
- Consider removing
ConsoleHandlerfrom configuration. By default (thanks to the
.handlerssetting) logging goes both to a
FileHandlerand to a
ConsoleHandler. The output of the latter one is usually captured into a file, such as
catalina.out. Thus you end up with two copies of the same messages.
- Consider removing
FileHandlers for the applications that you do not use. E.g., the one for
- The handlers by default use the system default encoding to write
the log files. It can be configured with
encodingproperty. See Javadoc for details.
- Consider configuring an Access log.


text:
KoolBead Hot and Cold Pack
The KoolBead Hot & Cold Pack has a flexible gel bead technology that distributes the hot or cold temperature evenly to the injured area. Its ultra-soft velour backing provides superior patient comfort.
To £4.80
In stock
KoolBead Hot and Cold Pack
The KoolBead Hot & Cold Pack has a flexible gel bead technology that distributes the hot or cold temperature evenly to the injured area. Its ultra-soft velour backing provides superior patient comfort.
COVID 19 DELIVERY INFORMATION (Update)
As the World starts to recover from the Covid 19 pandemic, we continue to see delays and disruption to our supply chains. These issues are not specific to Live4soccer but are being experienced by companies all over the World. As a result, some orders may take longer than usual to get delivered. Staff continue to work hard and safely to process all orders in a timely fashion, while our couriers work diligently to deliver orders as quickly as possible.
If you require your order for a specific date or, if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us on 01302 725577.
Here at live4soccer, we take our relationship with the customer very seriously. Once you place your order you should receive an order acknowledgment (via email) confirming that we have received and are processing it. If there is a problem with your order, for example, an item is out of stock, we will do our best to contact you to keep you informed and ask how you would like to proceed.
Does Live4soccer Carry Stock?
YES - we are different from most other internet shops because we are a 'bricks and mortar' business with warehousing facilities in excess of 15,000sq ft. This allows us to deliver a prompt and efficient service to you, our customer. Please note that we do not hold stock of branded teamwear products including Mitre, Errea and Stanno football kits. It is common practice within this industry to ship football teamwear products from the manufacturer once we receive your order.
You are always welcome to contact us if you have a query regarding lead times. We do understand the importance of meeting delivery expectations.
When Should I Expect My Order?
Stock Items
All stock items sold via this website are dispatched using an express courier service to speed up the delivery process and ensure you have your order in good time for your next training session.
We stock items in the following sections of the website:-
Training Equipment
Football Accessories
Storage Equipment
Large goalposts (11-a-side) are delivered via a haulier and can take 2-3 weeks to deliver. We will of course keep you updated on delivery lead times.
Non-Stock Items
Non-stock items consist of teamwear products. You should allow the following lead times for branded teamwear products:-
Stanno Teamwear - 4 weeks if in stock at Stanno warehouse
4mm Knotless Nets - Manufactured to order (approx. 4 weeks)
Please note: It is company policy all kit orders (clothing) include some form of personalisation.
Out of Stock Items
There are occasions, particularly during the busy summer months when products can be out of stock either in our warehouse and/or with the supplier. On these rare occasions, we will always do our best to contact you as soon as is practicable to keep you informed and ask you how you would like to proceed with your order. We will normally try to offer a substitute product when items are out of stock.
Printing and Embroidery
Personalising a garment takes time. Whether it is one garment or a complete football kit you should always allow 4 weeks for delivery from placing the original order. Once you place an order that requires personalisation we will always contact you to confirm your requirements.
What Should I Do If I Have a Question About My Order?
It's simple - just get in touch. Most of our staff either play football, coach football or are involved in football so we do understand the importance of getting an order delivered on time. Our staff will always give an honest answer when it comes to lead times.
If you have any specific requirements for your delivery then please feel free to contact our sales team on 01302 723024 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com
Alternatively, you can write to us at the following address:-
Customer Services
Unit 28 & 29 Carcroft Enterprise Park
Station Road
While we will always strive to deliver a fantastic product range and excellent customer service we do recognise there will be occasions where customers will need to return an item. Below is important information that you should consider before making your purchase.
How Do I Return An Item I have Purchased?
All goods returned to us must be sent back to us in their original packaging and tags. Please ensure that the goods and package sent back to us are safe and secure as the goods are your responsibility before they reach our warehouse. All goods will be inspected once they arrive at our warehouse. For all goods sent back to us ensure that you enclose a note with your order number and contact information so we can identify who it is from.
We do not offer a free returns service. If you are looking to return goods to us for an exchange or a refund, please send them back to us using a courier of your choice. We recommend that you send them back using recorded delivery as we are not responsible for any items lost or delayed on their way back to us. Please note that we cannot accept a COD or any package marked 'bill recipient'.
For goods that have been sent to you in error or goods that have been deemed by us to be faulty, we will refund any reasonable return carriage costs (up to £6) and we can send out the replacement to you free of charge. For goods that are returned to us for an exchange, you will be charged an additional shipping charge before we can despatch the replacement to you.
Returns Address:
Customer Services
Unit 28 & 29 Carcroft Enterprise Park
Station Road
This section applies to all returns regardless of the reason for the return, however, see below sections relating to specific returns.
Can I Return An Item That Has Been Personalised?
Once an item has been personalised (or the process of personalisation has started) it cannot be exchanged or returned. Please ensure that when you are putting through an order with personalisation, all details and sizes are correct. If you notice that there is an error on your order, please notify the customer service team as soon as possible. We will attempt to rectify the error but we cannot give any guarantees that it will be possible.
On receipt of any personalised goods, please check the personalisation is all correct. We can only accept returns on personalised items that have been personalised incorrectly by us or if there is a fault with the goods.
Can I Return An Item That I No Longer Want?
If an item is not suitable for your needs, you are welcome to return it back to us within 14 days of receiving it. Please send all goods back to us in their original packaging with their tags and in an unused condition. Once we have received the goods, we can offer a replacement or a refund. Please note that to send out a replacement item for goods that you no longer require, we would have to take an additional shipping cost before we can despatch the replacement. We will also be unable to refund any return shipping costs for goods that are no longer required.
Can I Return An Item That Is Faulty?
If you believe that an item you have received is faulty, you are welcome to send it back to us. Once we have received it we will arrange for it to be tested. If it is deemed to be faulty, we can either replace or refund the item plus any reasonable return carriage costs (up to £6). Please ensure that the goods sent back to us are secure as we are not responsible for any damages that happen during transit back to us. Before you send the goods back to us, please notify us via email or phone of what you believe the fault to be as it may be possible for us to identify the issue and walk you through how to fix it without having to send the goods back.
Please note that even if you believe the item to be faulty you must still return it in the original condition and packaging as though it was brand new.
How do I Return a Large Item Such As Goalposts or Storage Trolleys?
If you need to return a large item please call us on 01302 723024 or email us at email@example.com in order so we can advise you how to proceed. If you are unsure of what constitutes as a large item please contact us and we will be happy to assist you. Where possible (and only on large items) we can provide you with a quotation to collect the item and deliver it back to us. You are welcome to accept or decline this quote. Offering this service is entirely at our discretion and there may be instances where we cannot offer a collection service.


text:
welcome to wee little samplers! Quick and cute stitches with just the right combination of tradition and snark.
"Fully Armed Battalion" is the perfect stitch for your favourite Hamilton Fan. It would look sweet framed up in a 5 inch embroidery hoop - the yellow scalloped Handstiched Hoop is NOT INCLUDED in the pattern - finished hoops are available in our shop - you can find the selection here:
Fabric: 14 count Aida or 28 count Linen
Design Area: 3.43" x 3.36" (48 x 47 stitches)
This listing is for a PDF file of the pattern, not the finished product. You will need Adobe reader to open the files, which you can get free from get.adobe.com/reader. LOOKING FOR A FINISHED STITCH? Message us! We'd love to stitch one for you!
This cross-stitch pattern comes with a full colour chart with floss legends in DMC, JP Coats, and Anchor, although of course all colours can be replaced as per the stitcher's preference. This pattern contains a few stitches using DMC Light Effects Metallic floss - it can be substituted for any brand of metallic floss of a similar weight.
This pattern is simple and suitable for beginners. We've included our best stitching tips for both beginners and more experienced stitchers and if you're completely new to the craft there's a good how-to video courtesy of Yarn Tree at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mr_LfGr1v0E
*****The digital file will be delivered INSTANTLY via download link once payment is processed. The pattern can also be accessed at any time through your "Purchases" folder. Due to the nature of digital files, no refunds can be given - thanks for understanding. You are responsible for downloading and printing the pattern - this is ONLY A DIGITAL FILE.*****
**WANT MORE WEELITTLESTITCHY GOODNESS?? There are tutorials, FREE PATTERNS, and lots of stitchy, crafty fun over at our blog: http://weelittlestitchescrossstitch.blogspot.ca/
As of February 2014 we are required by Canadian law to charge applicable taxes to our CANADIAN CUSTOMERS ONLY. For details please see our blog: http://weelittlestitchescrossstitch.blogspot.ca/2014/02/charging-tax-to-our-canadian-customers.html
© 2010-2020 Jacqueline & Christopher Gable
Patterns are for personal use only. Please do not distribute any copies of the pattern. Finished pieces may be given as gifts, but not sold for profit. Thank you!
Happy Stitching! xo
Your files will be available to download once payment is confirmed.
Just contact me within: 14 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 30 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, I can't accept returns for:
Buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value.


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Viviana Silva Sanchez
Cancer is the largest killer of kids in Canada, 27 children are diagnosed every week. Please donate now and support my challenge to fight kids' cancer!
I've Ridden 4.2 km My goal is 15,000 km
My Rankings
- National: N/A
- Province: N/A in ON
- My Team: N/A
I've raised $0 My goal is $2,500 Donate Now
My Story
4 Aug 2023
This August, I am taking part in the Great Cycle Challenge to fight kids' cancer!
Why? Because right now, over 1,700 children are diagnosed with cancer every year, and it's the biggest killer of children from disease in Canada.
Kids should be living life, not fighting for it.
So I am raising funds through my challenge to help these kids and support SickKids Foundation to allow them to continue their work in developing treatments and finding a cure for childhood cancer.
Please support me by making a donation to give these kids the brighter futures they deserve.
Your support will change little lives.
Thank you.
My Challenge
4.2 km ride - :) - Friday, August 4, 2023Logged this ride 129 days ago


text:
© Manuel Figueiredo
© Antonio De Sousa Ribeiro De Jesus
© Tecnolab Digital
© Vítor Rocha Santos
© João Madureira
© Luís Póvoas
© Dinis Ponteira
© Noah Current
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Construction Equipment Rental in Sullivans Island, South-Carolina
Our platform is your one stop solution for all your construction equipment rental needs in Sullivans Island.From basic, do-it-yourself home projects to large construction sites, this platform is your multi-tier rental solution for all kinds of heavy machinery, tools and equipment.
Whether you need just one trailer for a small job or require an entire fleet of excavators, backhoes, lifts, etc., our vendors would be able to meet all your varied requirements. The fact that our rental network, with strong presence in Salley, happens to be the most preferred one is mostly due to the fact that we've partnered with some of the most reliable vendors. You can safely expect all machines or heavy construction equipment to be clean and well-maintained, for instance, when you find a vendor through us.
Dial our toll free number or submit an online query (through contact form on the right) and see for yourself!
Equipment Rental Sullivans Island, Construction equipment rental Sullivans Island, Construction Sullivans Island, Heavy Equipment Rental Sullivans Island.


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Balloon Garlands
Balloon Garland - Pink & Rose Gold
Paperboy balloon garlands are a modern take on a balloon arch, but way more relaxed and elegant. They are super easy to assemble. This kit comes with everything you need to make a 5ft balloon garland.
What's Included:
• 11" Latex Balloons, deflated
• Balloon Strip (holds the balloons together)
• Instructions
Good to Know:
• Garland is 5 feet long x 2 feet thick.
• Multiple garlands can be joined seamlessly to make a longer garland.
• Air pump is recommended.
Get it by this coming Saturday - Order today with Priority Mail*
Get it by next Tuesday - Order today with First Class Mail*
Please note that the information below is a general guideline and not a guarantee. On rare occasion, stock of certain items may be unexpectedly backordered. Paperboy is not responsible for shipping carrier delays. If you remember to leave your deadline in the notes at checkout, we will contact you if there are any issues.
Turnaround Times
In general, we ship orders within 1-2 business days. Business days do not include weekends or public holidays recognized by the United States Postal Service. Please take this into account and contact us if you're concerned about a deadline.
Seriously, please be sure to leave your deadline in the notes section when you checkout to avoid missing a deadline!
Transit Times*
|Free Shipping
|$5 Flat Rate
|First Class Mail
|Priority Mail
|3-6 business days
|3-6 business days
|3-6 business days
|2-3 business days
|1.5-3 weeks
|5-10 business days
|2-4 weeks
|8-10 business days
*These times are estimates on behalf of USPS. Paperboy cannot guarantee transit times once packages have entered the possession of the mail carrier.
Taxes, Customs, and Duties
Paperboy ships from the USA. Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. Paperboy is not responsible for lost or returned packages due to failure to pay import taxes. All package contents are labeled as "merchandise" on customs forms along with their full retail value.
Hours of Operation
Paperboy answers emails and ships orders Monday-Friday, excluding public holidays. If the USPS is closed, we will also be closed. All communication is handled via email - we do not offer support via phone at this time.
If you experience any problem with your order, please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com within 7 days of delivery. Please be sure to include your order number. We will not accept or process unauthorized returns.
Paperboy does not refund any shipping charges on returns.
You will be responsible for return shipping charges on your order. If Paperboy provides a return label, the cost of the return shipping will be deducted from your refund.
If you received free shipping on your order when you made your purchase, you will be responsible for the original shipping costs as well as the return shipping costs when you return all or part of your order (unless the merchandise you keep still qualifies for free shipping). The original shipping costs will be deducted from your refund. For example, if you purchase $50 worth of merchandise with free shipping, and then return the entire order using your own shipping method, your refund will be $47 if it cost us $3 to ship the item to you originally.
We do not replace or refund orders delivered to incorrect addresses supplied by buyers. Please triple check that your shipping address is your current address and that it's spelled correctly before completing your purchase.


text:
Stephenson Robert Bradley
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This Cookie Policy explains when and why cookies are used by Worldbaseball2017, LLC, and its parent, subsidiaries and affiliates (collectively, "Worldbaseball2017", "we", "us" or "our"), on our websites, applications, advertisements and related services, including emails, newsletters and on certain partner and licensee websites that we do not own or operate but with whom we have agreements (together, the "Service").
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|Robert Hunter's Tales Of The Great Rum Runners, the first album released on Round Records (RX-101) in June 1974
Since Ron Rakow was a partner in Round Records, and Rakow ultimately absconded with a few hundred thousand dollars of the Grateful Dead's money in 1976, no one wanted to talk about Round afterwards. What has made the historical record confusing, however, was that no one had really wanted to talk about Round Records even while it existed. Back in '75, many rock artists had their own record labels, and although Round was a very different animal, it didn't seem that way at the time.
The public face of Round was of course Jerry Garcia, but in those days, journalists were still busily asking Garcia about LSD and Woodstock. There might have been a few generic questions about Round, but the ever-engaging Garcia simply answered the questions he was asked, and the conversation would spin far away from his own record company (Rakow did give an interview about Round to Record World, accessible on the indispensable Grateful Dead Sources blog, but it was more about the mechanics of distribution).
What happened with and to Round Records? More importantly, what was supposed to happen? To the extent we know what happened to the label, it was sunk with the financial morass that finally squeezed out Grateful Dead Records. In the end, Round released ten albums, but many of them were released quite some time after they were recorded. This post will attempt to unravel some of the financial underpinnings of Round Records. Once the cobwebs have been removed and the framework becomes visible, we will get some picture of what Garcia may have had in mind for Round. As in many other ventures, Garcia and the Grateful Dead had very imaginative ideas, but once again seem to have fired up the locomotive before the railroad tracks were finished.
Looking backwards, however, the timeline for Round Records releases makes no sense at all, and bears little relationship to Garcia's musical efforts at the time. One reason for that may be that Round was poorly run, by a partner who was neither organized nor reliable. Of more interest to me than Ron Rakow's business practices, however, is an analysis of what music Jerry Garcia was interested in making outside the Grateful Dead from 1973 to 1975, and how Garcia may have seen Round as fulfilling those ends. Without suggesting a narrative for Garcia' side projects, the history of Round Records would make no sense whatsoever.
A Round Approach
The evidence of Round Records' birth and passing is maddeningly non-specific. Given the lack of direct evidence, I have tried to analyze Round Records as an institution, rather than focusing too much on the particular actions of individuals, which may remain forever unknown. My institutional analysis points towards some interesting conclusions:
- Round Records was conceived as an independent record company that would release a wide variety of material, much of it not likely to be popular
- Round would be a platform for experimental or unheard music
- Most of Round's projects were to be recorded in-house, at either Mickey Hart's ranch studio (The Barn), or Bob Weir's garage studio (Ace's).
- Inept business practices insured that the Round venture floundered, and almost everything released on the label was well out of date by the time it came out
- Almost everybody involved with Round was unhappy with the music and the finances, and thus only talks about Round in an indirect way
- A brief overview of the beginning of Round Records
- An institutional analysis of the likely explanation for Jerry Garcia Round album Garcia inexplicably having the same name as the previous Garcia solo album on Warners
- A timeline of the Grateful Dead finances in conjunction with Round releases
The Grateful Dead informed Warner Brothers that they would not be renewing their contract, nor signing with anyone else, in the Fall of 1972. This was unprecedented for a rock band. Because of contractual obligations, they would not be free of Warners until March 1973 and the release of Bear's Choice. Perhaps Warners or another company thought they could talk the Dead out of independence--the record companies certainly tried--but the Dead stuck to their quixotic plan. The resulting entity was called Grateful Dead Records, financed by a large loan from the First National Bank Of Boston, organized by the always ambiguous Ron Rakow, who had been in and out of the Grateful Dead's finances since about 1966.
The first public corporate mark of Grateful Dead Records was in fact a notation on the liner notes for the Garcia/Saunders album Live At Keystone. That album was released in January 1974, some months after Wake Of The Flood, the initial GDR release. However, the Keystone album was recorded before Wake, in July, 1973, so when Garcia was listed as "Courtesy Of Grateful Dead Records," it was a corporate indicator of Garcia's primary affiliation. The album was released on Saunders' label, Fantasy Records. There is reason to assume that Fantasy may have hoped that even if the Dead were going it alone, Garcia might have been available to record as a solo artist. Fantasy was used to working with jazz artists on a project by project basis, so there might have been some synergy there, but this is only speculation. In any case, Garcia seems to have had bigger plans.
Wake Of The Flood was recorded in August, 1973 and released in October. Despite some difficulties getting paid by distributors and some counterfeit pressings that cut into sales, the album was pretty successful. McNally said that it sold about 400,000 copies, a healthy number for those days. Since the Dead weren't sharing profits with a parent record company, the money for Wake was still pretty good. The band's concert receipts had improved as well. By Grateful Dead standards, the group was fairly flush with money at the beginning of 1974.
McNally describes the formation of Round Records as fraught with conflicts of interest (p.452). The Dead's lawyer, Hal Kant, objected that Grateful Dead finances shouldn't have been co-mingled with a solo project, and Garcia blew up, so Kant was replaced as Round's lawyer by Rakow's personal attorney. McNally does not put a precise timeline on the formation of Round, but it seems to be sometime after the formation of Grateful Dead Records. By the beginning of 1974, despite or perhaps because of their success, the Grateful Dead's self-contained empire was full of strife. Booking agent Sam Cutler was let go, and McNally describes a period of conflict and confusion (p.468-469).
Yet the first Round Records project, Jerry Garcia's second solo album, got under way in February 1974, with John Kahn producing. Presumably, Kahn and Garcia had already been working on the concept for some time. The solo album, mysteriously titled Garcia, just like the first one, was released in June, 1974. Even so, it was not the first Round release. That honor went to the first solo album by the hitherto ghost-like Robert Hunter, Tales Of The Great Rum Runners. Both albums were released somewhat simultaneously in June, 1974. Yet, then as now, no one can give a plausible explanation for why Garcia's solo album used the same name as his 1972 release for Warners. Garcia II would have made some marketing sense--but just calling it Garcia, like the first one? The silence accompanying this choice shouts dysfunction, and that dysfunction appears to be at the center of the Round universe.
|Seastones, by Ned Lagin, credited to Ned Lagin and Phil Lesh (Round RX-106), released March 1975
Round Records was formed in late 1973, as a vehicle encouraged by Garcia for releasing projects outside of the Grateful Dead proper. Garcia and the other members of the Grateful Dead had a wide variety of projects underway: live R&B with Merl Saunders, electronic music, bluegrass, new songs from Robert Hunter and perhaps more. They also had access to their own studio, namely Mickey Hart's own facility in his barn at his Novato ranch. Thus the more esoteric projects could be recorded at a more realistic price than the high rates of professional studios like The Record Plant in Sausalito.
I think Garcia wanted to run an independent record label that released his own music and the music of his friends, whatever it happened to be. Some of it might be somewhat commercial, like the Jerry Garcia Band or Kingfish, but some of it might be outmoded country subgenres or unfathomable experiments. At the time, major record companies were good at making money on music, but they were hit machines that depended on artists who toured heavily behind popular music. Warners or Columbia had too much overhead for bluegrass or something equally obscure. A low-overhead independent label would have been a different matter.
In theory, while the Grateful Dead rode the big horse, Round Records could have made creative music cheaply at Mickey's Barn in Novato and sold a modest amount of records to Deadheads and people of discriminating taste. Without much overhead, the players would get a little money, and there would be enough left over to make the next album. All sorts of friends and allies could get a chance to make the music they wanted to, not the mandated 10-songs-per-lp-of-rockin'-hits that the industry demanded.
The idea of Round Records as a self-sustaining, independent label, run by artists for artists, would have been a great idea--if it were 1990. David Grisman's Acoustic Disc was built on that model, and it has generally been very successful. While some of Grisman's albums, particularly those with Garcia, have sold quite well, some of the releases are specialist projects recorded for a modest, discriminating audience. No matter: they were usually recorded in Grisman's (high-tech) garage, and they are sold in limited runs to those who want them, via mail-order and the internet. None of this was plausible in 1974.
Many rock artists in the early 70s had "private labels," called "imprints" by record companies: the Jefferson Airplane had Grunt (for RCA), Frank Zappa had Bizarre/Straight (Warners), ELP had Manticore (Island), and so on. Certainly, those artists got to release albums by their friends: Zappa released albums by his best friend in high school and his daughter's nanny, for example. However, the big record companies still exerted a lot of control on the imprints. Their real interest was in using the artists to find new hitmakers. All of Warners' investment in Zappa paid off when he signed and civilized some crazies from Phoenix, AZ called Alice Cooper. When Zappa left Warners, they dropped all the acts on Bizarre/Straight except Alice, and they made millions on the band. That was what they had really wanted. Warners could not have channeled Alice Cooper as they were in 1969, but Zappa could, and the payoff for Warners a few years later was huge.
I don't doubt Warners or Columbia would have (and probably did) offer Garcia his own imprint if the Dead would sign. However, Garcia was dismissive of Grunt, the Airplane's label, so I don't think he had any interest in having a corporate entity under his control. In typical fashion, Garcia seems to have chosen to go it alone, but he chose it at a time when an independent label had no way of getting distributed or paid, and any unique music they made would never be heard on the radio, rendering it permanently obscure.
A careful look backwards shows a plethora of album projects by members of the Grateful Dead, most of them recorded at Mickey Hart's Barn studio: albums by Hart himself, Old And In The Way, Roadhog, Barry Melton and Jim McPherson were all recorded there, none of which saw the light of day (some of the McPherson material was released in 2009). There were ongoing experiments with electronic music (that would become Seastones) and radio plays (the mysterious radio play "Insect Invasion"), and numerous live ensembles like Garcia/Saunders, the Great American String Band and The Good Old Boys. Yet none of this came to light during the brief tenure of Round Records, and only bits and pieces surfaced in succeeding years. It stands to reason that all the recording going on was intended, ultimately, for release, and I think that Round Records was intended to be that vehicle.
|Jerry Garcia's second solo album (RX-102), inexplicably entitled Garcia, just like his first album two years earlier
Although Garcia's 1974 solo album bore the number RX-102, ceding RX-101 to Hunter's album, the Round Records enterprise would not have gotten underway without the promise of an album that would actually sell. Jerry Garcia's first solo album had been released by Warners in January, 1972. The album was titled Garcia. More so than many people, Jerry Garcia was someone often addressed by his last name, even by old friends, so it was almost like a nickname.
It was common in the 1960s and 70s for record companies to title the first solo album after the artist: Neil Young, Stephen Stills and Jackson Browne's first albums were named after themselves, for example. The naming of Garcia's first album was particularly appropriate, since he played most of the instruments (all save the drums), and sang and wrote all the songs, save of course for Hunter's lyrics. In that sense, Garcia was very much a solo album. The Grateful Dead were rising in popularity in 1972, and Garcia was quite successful (I think it went gold). Radio friendly songs like "Deal" and "Sugaree" certainly helped.
There was no fathomable motivation to name Garcia's second album the same name as his first. The naming was so unfathomable that Grateful Dead Records themselves dropped it. Promotional copies of Garcia were imprinted with a stamp that said "Compliments Of", and people started to informally call the album Compliments Of Garcia, partially just to distinguish it from the first album. Informally, the album has been called Compliments Of Garcia ever since. The Dead.net Store now lists it as Compliments. It's not a bad title--but why couldn't they have thought of it before? Some artists with long, complex recording histories sometimes end up with the same or similarly titled albums, but usually they are a result of two different Live In Concert albums a decade apart. In 1974, Garcia had had only released two solo albums, but they both had the same name.
What had to happen for Garcia's first album on Round to have the same name as his only other solo album? There have to have been three culprits--poor planning, a failure to communicate and arrogance. On a business basis, Round Records was run by Jerry Garcia and Ron Rakow. Garcia was busy making music, however, so that meant that Rakow effectively ran the label. McNally quotes Dead attorney Hal Kant on Rakow's supposed professional credentials: "Rakow is supposed to be a serious businessman? He doesn't have a clue." Events seemed to have borne out Kant's assessment.
I have to assume that as Kahn and Garcia worked on the album, the name on the tape box or studio sheets was 'Garcia Project' or just 'Garcia.' In effect, I assume this was the working title for the album. A very fine Byrds album, Untitled, was called that because it was the name on the tape box, and when it came time for the release, the Byrds liked Untitled better than their planned name Phoenix. However, Untitled was a clever, ironic title, attracting attention to an excellent album. So it's not hard to see how the solo album had a working title of Garcia, but still hard to see how it really got released with that name.
Garcia himself was never someone who liked to name things. Indeed, for all his eloquence, Garcia didn't even write lyrics. One of Robert Hunter's lesser duties, apart from lyrics, was as the designated Namer Of Things. If Garcia had had a little foresight, he would have asked Hunter to come up with a name. Hunter would have listened to the tape, and thought of something appropriate--perhaps even Compliments Of Garcia. Once Garcia had accepted Hunter's title, that would have carried the day. But what with recording Mars Hotel, touring, playing with Merl Saunders and numerous other things, Garcia seems never to have asked Hunter, nor made any other plans to name the album.
What commentary there is about Ron Rakow mostly concerns his alleged dubious business practices. Those alleged practices aside, Rakow seems to have kept his own counsel (literally, with respect to the Round attorney) and not let anyone outside of Garcia know what was planned. It would be conventional even in a small record company to ask what the title of a forthcoming album might be, but I don't think Rakow had those conversations with people. I suspect he wasn't very direct with anyone about it, actually, but at the very least if the subject had come up, almost anyone in Grateful Dead circles would have mentioned that the first album was called Garcia.However, I don't think anyone had those kinds of conversations with Rakow, even casually.
Finally, however, the most likely explanation for the Garcia title was Ron Rakow's arrogance. Rakow, for all his big talk, probably didn't know or didn't remember that the first album was also called Garcia. Rakow had probably taken steps that committed Round to an album title of Garcia, such as printing the cover. Rakow took great pride in saying how he had found a way to print extra copies of the Wake Of The Flood album cover cheaply (and then sold the records as cut-outs, another tangential subject), so it's not far-fetched to think that Rakow had a "deal' on the covers. Rakow does not seem to be a person who would admit a mistake or listen to reason, nor would he have had any interest in spending extra money to change the album title. If you've ever worked in a place where the boss doesn't listen, all sorts of stupid decisions are confirmed merely to insure that the boss never has to admit that he has wrong.
The strange history of the Garcia album title suggests that Rakow ran Round Records as a sloppy, private kingdom where he listened to no one save Garcia. Since Garcia wasn't interested in details, that left Rakow to manage Round Records unchecked. It looks like Garcia was working on numerous projects, with the idea that Round would be the vehicle for releasing them. Yet Round only intermittently released anything, often long after the musicians had moved on.
|Old And In The Way, Round Records greatest legacy, recorded in October 1973 and released in February 1975 (RX-103)
A detailed look at the chronology of Round Records shows how the label was dependent on money borrowed against the Grateful Dead. When Rakow found a source of cash, a few albums popped out out of the pipeline. However, each cash infusion obligated the Dead to more pressure from either their creditors or the record company, and the cycle repeated itself. What I believe to be Garcia's inspired vision for an independent record label turned into a tool for Ron Rakow to use Garcia as a fulcrum to leverage the Grateful Dead for cash. The Wall Of Sound and the Grateful Dead movie were also a huge cash drain on the band, leaving Round begging for scraps. The history of Round releases is intimately tied to cash infusions to the Dead, each time indebting the band further. No one seems to have gotten paid for a Round release, because the label was a financial house of cards in the first place.
- March 1973: Warner Brothers releases Bear's Choice: Grateful Dead become independent.
- April 1973: Grateful Dead Records launched, funded by a loan from the First National Bank Of Boston and an overseas distribution deal with Atlantic Records (for $300,000).
- April 1973: Old And In The Way (founded in March) records at Mickey Hart's Barn studio in Novato. The tapes have never surfaced
- May 1973: Ned Lagin moves to California, and begins working on what will become Seastones at The Barn with Garcia, Hart, Phil Lesh and others
- July 1973: Jerry Garcia records at Keystone Berkeley with Merl Saunders, for Fantasy Records
- August 1973: Grateful Dead record Wake Of The Flood at the Record Plant
- October 1973: Wake Of The Flood released on Grateful Dead Records
- Summer or Fall 1973: Round Records established
- January 1974: Live At Keystone, by Garcia/Saunder/Kahn, Vitt, released on Fantasy
- January 1974: The Dead start making plans for The Wall Of Sound, which will ultimately eat up all their increased concert revenue
- February 1974: John Kahn begins producing the Garcia album in Southern California
- April 1974: The Grateful Dead begin recording Mars Hotel at CBS Studios in San Francicso
- Spring 1974: Robert Hunter records Tales Of The Great Rum Runners at The Barn. It's possible that a Roadhog album of Hunter songs was recorded just before this
- June 1974: Round Records releases Rum Runners and Garcia
- June 1974: Grateful Dead Records releases Mars Hotel
- Late 1974: Garcia pays David Grisman $1000 to make an album out of Owsley's Old And In The Way live recordings. Neither Grisman nor any other band member receive another cent from the record, and Grisman and Garcia do not speak for the next 14 years.
- October 1974: Rakow and Garcia impulsively decide to make a movie out of the band's stand at Winterland (McNally p.478)
- Late 1974: Grateful Dead Records is effectively bankrupt, and Rakow arranges a distribution deal with United Artists Records
The Old And In The Way album was released 16 months after it was recorded because there was no money to release it earlier. The fact that Grisman, nor any other band member, was not paid for the record is another implicit sign of poor fiscal management by Rakow. Lagin has complained as well that the released Seastones was just a small piece of what they were trying to accomplish musically, and he has alluded to pressure from the record company. Whether that was directly from Round or indirectly from UA, it's another clue that despite attempting to provide musical freedom, Round's artists ended up unhappy.
|Keith & Donna (RX-014), released February 1975 (RX-104)
- January 1975: Jerry Garcia and Dan Healy record The Good Old Boys, with David Nelson, Frank Wakefield, Chubby Wise and Don Reno, at Mickey Hart's Barn. The Pistol Packin' Mama album will not be released for another 13 months.
- January 1975: Work is completed on a studio above Bob Weir's garage in Mill Valley. The studio is called Ace's. Per McNally, the band Heroes are the first to record there (McNally p.482). Garcia actually played on some sessions, which were released decades later on the Bill Cutler album Crossing The Line, but I have to think that a Round release was at least contemplated.
- February 1975: Round releases the Old And In The Way album (RX-103). With financing from the UA distribution contract, Round could release a flurry of albums
- February 1975: The Grateful Dead, with Mickey Hart back on board, began playing at Ace's
- March 1975: Round releases the Keith And Donna album (RX-104)
- March 1975: Round releases Tiger Rose, the second Hunter album (RX-105)
- April 1975: Round releases Seastones, the Ned Lagin project (RX-106). A sticker on the album credited to Lagin and Phil Lesh, because UA wanted a member of the Grateful Dead's name on the record.
- June 1975: Under pressure from UA to deliver product, the Dead record Blues For Allah in two weeks at Ace's
- August-September 1975: Jerry Garcia begins recording Reflections at Ace's. There is a distinct whiff that Garcia needs to produce a salable album for UA, both to finance the Dead's operations and also the Grateful Dead movie.
- September 1975: Blues For Allah is released on Grateful Dead Records, but with a United Artists record number.
- October-November 1975: Jerry Garcia records the other half of Reflections at His Masters Wheels in San Francisco, formerly Pacific High Recorders (and then Alembic Studios). He records with John Kahn, Ron Tutt and Nicky Hopkins, although Larry Knechtel is brought in to help on keyboards.
|Diga, by the Diga Rhythm Band, produced and led by Mickey Hart, the final release on Round (RX-110)
February 1976: Round/UA releases Reflections (RX-107)
March 1976: Round/UA releases Kingfish (RX-108). Weir was a member of Kingfish at the time, and the album was recorded at Ace's. Reflections and Kingfish were the sort of albums that UA would have hoped for when they financed the Grateful Dead.
March 1976: Round/UA releases Pistol Packin' Mama by The Good Old Boys (RX-109). UA cannot have been interested in this record, and it sank quickly. UA probably saw it as a rock star indulgence, like letting Frank Zappa release an album by a group that included his daughter's nanny.
May 1976: McNally details how Rakow had allowed the Dead's finances to become disastrous (pp.488-492). Rakow writes himself a huge check that bankrupts Grateful Dead Records, but Garcia refuses to insist on prosecution.
June 1976: Round/UA releases Diga, by the Diga Rhythm Band. This too was probably seen by UA as a rock star indulgence.
June 1976: Grateful Dead/UA release Steal Your Face. The whole record company experiment comes to an end. With few other options, and a movie to finance, the Grateful Dead have already returned to the road.
Looking Backwards
I will admit that I have drawn some very specific conclusions from scattered, fragmentary evidence. Nonetheless, any serious consideration of Jerry Garcia and the Grateful Dead's musical goals have to account for Round Records. There are so many things that are hard to explain: the title of Garcia's solo album, the strange, intermittent pattern of releases and the numerous unheard projects demand an explanation that hangs together as a plausible narrative. If someone can come up with a better explanation for the strange history of Round Records, I would be more than willing to try it on for size. For now, I'll have to stick with my own explanation of events.
In the early 1970s, Jerry Garcia, other members of the Grateful Dead and their fellow Marin musicians found themselves working on a wide variety of music, only some of which had any commercial potential. With Mickey Hart's studio, and then Bob Weir's, it seemed like all this music could be recorded and produced. Jerry Garcia and Ron Rakow hatched a plan to start a self-funded, independent record company to put out those albums. Garcia himself was the star attraction, but the door was open to bluegrass, electronic music, songwriters, drummers and many other kinds of weirdness. A record company not run for some corporate suits, but one run by and for the musicians themselves. It was a great idea, and some very good music got recorded.
Overrreach and a cash squeeze got the better of Round Records. Some ill-advised management decisions, possibly connected to some very dubious business practices, required that Round was beholden to the vagaries of the Grateful Dead's own very-difficult finances. The Round recording artists found themselves unhappy with both the released material and the lack of money forthcoming, making Round very similar to a regular record company. When Grateful Dead Records evaporated under the weight of its obligations to United Artists and Ron Rakow's self-dealing, Round Records disappeared with it. Such grand plans were not undertaken again, and rarely spoken of.