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Be a business associate of the World's No.l Air Hostess Training Institute
Frankfinn is the World s No.1 Air Hostess Training Institute, and has been scaling new heights since its inception in …Read the Rest
Frankfinn is the World s No.1 Air Hostess Training Institute, and has been scaling new heights since its inception in …Read the Rest
Simplifly previously known as decan Aviation invites application for pilot training programme 2016, Simplifly offers piloting training with world-class instructors, …Read the Rest
Aspired to be an airline pilot? We will help you achieve your dream of becoming a pilot through our expertise …Read the Rest
Complete your Private Pilot License leading to Integrated Commercial Pilot License with Instrument Rating, Multi Engine endorsements and ATPL Theory …Read the Rest
The Skyline Aviation (Pvt) Ltd Flying Training Academy invites applications for the Professional Pilot Programmes of Private Pilot Licence, Commercial …Read the Rest
The Air Asia is providing valuable services for young people. Specially the Air Asia start Hiring India based captains and …Read the Rest
The Authorities are discussing the possibility of introducing a piloting degree programme to the Srilankan Government (local) universities to allow …Read the Rest
To be areoplane Pilot in Sri Lanka, you need to obtain the Private Pilot License in advance to go Commercial …Read the Rest
The Openskies announces its cost of the Pilot Programme in Sri Lanka; the applications are open for April / June …Read the Rest
If you have the passion to fly, we'll help you realize your dream of becoming an Airline Pilot. With our …Read the Rest
The Cosmos Aviation Service Srilanka invites applications for the new intakes on March 2013 for the following Professional programmes. Private …Read the Rest
The International Airline Ticketing Academy a 22 years experience on Cabin Crew Course provider in Srilanka, invites applications for the …Read the Rest
Sri Lanka Air Force invites applications for the post of Officer Cadet and Lady Officer Cadet on below categories. GENERAL …Read the Rest
Skyline invites applications for the professional pilot programme for the new intakes from 15th January 2013. Course Name Duration Commencing …Read the Rest
Make your dreams real with The Aviator – Asia's premier aviation degree qualification. Three partners Buckinghamshire New University UK, Gateway …Read the Rest
The Cosmos Aviation Services in Srilanka offer courses to become Aviation pilot in Srilanka. Aim your desire profession and way with cosmos and get in to desire.
The Skyline, an Aviation institute of Srilanka conducted short term courses of Introduction to Aviation Courses. This course will comprise of the basic & Advance Courses.
Basic Course – Introduction to Aviation
The basic Course is for the enthusiasts of Young budding pilots, it is a 4 day Course design for early beginners. This course will be contented of theory of Flight, Meteorology, General Knowledge about Aircraft.
Advance Course – Introduction to Aviation
For those students keen on enhancing their knowledge of aviation, there is an Advance Course for 3 Months duration, which will be more detail study of the topic covered in basic course.
If you want to become an Air Plane Pilot, you have to obtain a pilot License. Where there are different types of Pilot licenses are available to fly air plane in differentiations.
The Cosmos Aviation Services in Srilanka offers an all the possible courses to fulfill the requirement of Pilots.
The Skyline Aviation invites new students to Enroll for Private Pilot Licence or Commercial Pilot Licence in September 2011.
IATA/Airline Cabin Crew Course
Course Commencement: February and October
Duration: 2 months Class Rooms Training
Course Fee: LRK. 120,000.00 (inclusive of 12% VAT)
The Skyline Aviation (Pvt) Ltd a flying training Academy starts new batches of Private Pilot Licence and Commercial Pilot Licence.
Private Pilot Licence
Full time: 6 Months
Part time: 8 Months
Commence: 12th July 2011
Commercial Pilot licence
Duration: 12 Months
Commence: 19th July 2011.
For More information:
104/3, New Airport Road,
Tel: 011 4 210300, 011 4 911511
Fax: 011 4 210250
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Website: www.skylineavi.com
Asian Aviation Center March, 2011 Intake
Asian Aviation Center (AAC) is one of the best airline education centers for the Srilankan students in Srilanka.
The AAC calls Applications for the Following courses
• Private Pilot Licence (PPL)
• Commercial Pilot Licence (CPL)
• Commercial Pilot Licence with Instrument Rating (CPL/IR)
• Instrument Rating (IR)
• Assistant Flight Instructor Rating (AFIR)
The AAC announced the PPL course now available for a Part time basis.
For More information see attach Sunday Observer advertisement,
Contact details:
Asian Aviation Center
No. 14, Trelawney Place,
Colombo 04.
Tel : 011 4510304 / 011 4979779
Fax : 011 4510303
Email : firstname.lastname@example.com
Web : www.aac.lk
www.synergyy.com was launched to highlight Sales Promotions, Sri Lanka News, Sri Lanka Education Opportunities, Places to Visit in Sri Lanka and Pras Anna's Diary.
You could search your wants with Our Search Options to find its from the pool of posts. Or a bird eye view of all event with Synergyy Category.
If you wish to publish your products or services for Free of Charge with us; feel free to email us on email@example.com or follow us at Facebook Page


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Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine (General Internal Medicine)
Dr. Robert Beil is a General Internist and AAHIVM HIV specialist and has been a primary care physician at the Comprehensive Health Care Center of the Montefiore Medical Group since 1993. He has been medical director of the Montefiore CICERO Program (the Ryan White HIV program of the Montefiore Medical Group and the Bronx Community Health Network), which provides community-based HIV care throughout Montefiore's Health Centers, since 2001.
Dr. Beil's research and writing have been largely about HIV care (posters relating to primary care and HIV) and LGBT health. He was a founding member of the Bronx Lesbian and Gay Health Resource Consortium (now the Bronx Community Pride Center) for over 15 years and that work has led to a number of research projects and publications as well. In 2011, he helped found the Bronx Pride Institute to further research initiatives relating to Bronx LGBT population. Dr. Beil is active in community organizations that work towards improving the health care of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals. He is a recognized leader in the medical care of people of the transgender experience in the Bronx.
Dr. Beil is a graduate and former Chief Resident of the Social Internal Medicine program at Montefiore. He maintains an active patient panel at CHCC and provides HIV expertise during precepting.
More Information About Dr. Robert Beil
Material in this section is provided by individual faculty members who are solely responsible for its accuracy and content.

subset: commoncrawl


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Views: 98
Replies to This Discussion
Hey Dante, I'm in the Ballard area and am looking for people to hit with. I'm about a 3.5. Maybe we could hit today or tomorrow?
Darren, I'm definitely up for some tennis today. The weather is supposed to clear up around three or so. You can text or call me at 505-934-3931 and we can talk more
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Make it your business to fight fraud
When you run your own business, you don't have the time or the money to be a victim of fraud, a challenging problem that touches everyone. It is far better to take measures to arm yourself with strategies on how to prevent fraud from affecting your bottom line than to lose revenue that you work hard to earn.
March is Fraud Prevention Month in Canada and around the world. Some of the events taking place this month focus on practices that allow you to recognize and prevent fraud. As a first step for your business, you can turn to The Competition Bureau's Fraud Awareness for Commercial Targets initiative for the facts you need to keep your business from becoming a victim of fraud. This useful information includes:
- Common business scams to avoid, such as scams involving office supplies, directory listings and phoney invoices
- Identifying aspects of your business that could make you vulnerable
- How to create a strategy that will help your business steer clear of fraud
- A guide on how to train your staff to act as an effective front line
- Procedures for reporting fraud
It is important to remember that if any of your business is done online, there is ample opportunity for fraud. One such example is the use of fraudulent credit cards, so it makes good business sense to have checks and balances in place to keep you from being ripped off. You may consider implementing some of these practices to prevent falling prey to fraud:
- Use an external credit card processor
- Make sure the payment clears before shipping the purchase
- Verify the purchase by phone
- Call the issuing bank for verification after requiring potential customers to include the bank's 1-800 number with credit card details
These extra steps may take time, but keeping your revenues where they belong is worth the effort. Perhaps this March is a good time for you to fraud-proof your business as the best offence can often be a good defence.
For more information on how to protect your interests, take a look at our section on Security and Fraud. If online sales are part of your growth strategy, check out our resources on E-business for more pointers.
Phishing is the term used when criminals pose as legitimate businesses to obtain personal and financial information. The best way to fight fraud is through education. Being able to spot phishing and other types of scams can make all the difference.
As a business, you can help prevent fraud, or at least lower the incidence of its success, by adopting certain business practices and informing your clients of these. For example, you could use your website or/and receipts, to warn customers, that you never ask for personal information through email. Also, make sure your phone number is easy to find so that they can easily confirm the legitimacy of email, website and other communications.
Find out more on how to spot phishing and other scams from our Computer Security section.
- Date modified:


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I have been a Member of the UK CKCS CLUB for over 20 years , but had read yesterday on the CKCS Club WEB SITE the names of the Newly Elected Committee Members.
Due to certain things on a Cavalier Public Forum on the Internet, said by some now on the Committee about me, I have contacted the CKCS Club Committee saying I have no wish to continue being a Member of the CKCS Club and have Resigned .
I explained to the Committee the reasons for my Resignation which I asked to be read out at the next Committee Meeting.
I felt that there was no option for me but to Resign due to certain things that were said which caused me a lot of distress.
I am sorry to have had to take this step, since I was involved over the years in collecting the Ages of Long Lived Cavaliers ,whose ages were from 12 Years upwards ,also the Ages of their Sires and Dams that I was able to find out about .
This List is held at the Kennel Club Library ,London.
Also many 5 Generation Pedigrees and Photos of Cavaliers from 1929- 1949.
I was also involved with Professor Michell ,who had used the List of Long Lived Cavaliers to compare them with the ages of other Dog Breeds .
Finally I was involved in getting the ages of Long Lived Cavaliers on the Club Web-Site.


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After I notified our sysadmin that OSNews was dishing out 324s, he got back to me they were already working on it. We had the same issue for a really short while a few days ago, but it got sorted then. Our sysadmin, Jon Jensen, over at Endpoint checked remotely what the heck was going on, and confirmed it wasn't actually a software issue - it was a hardware issue, more specifically, a RAID issue. Had the RAID controller failed?
Since this obviously couldn't be addressed remotely, Jon contacted the datacentre, and when they got back to him, the true extent of the problem was revealed. The quote from the datacenter tech? "We have fixed the cabling issue with your server and your server is now back online."
Believe it or not, the connections of the disk cables to the controller had come loose. After the first outage happened a few days ago, they were apparently still somewhat connected, only to fully come loose today. Quite a feat, for an immobile server in an immobile rack.
The funny coincidence is that this all happened while we were also working to set up a playground subdomain for the next version of OSNews we're currently working on. Maybe it's a sign...


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Sweet Georgia yarns are hand-dyed in small batches, so every hank is just a teeny bit different! We do our best to visually match hanks for each order and will contact you via email if one or more hanks differ noticeably from the others. The beauty of hand-dyed yarns is that each hank is a unique work of art, so please be aware that there can be a variation in coloring, hue and saturation, even within the same dye batch.
Tough Love Sock is a perfect blend of color, warmth and strength to make an exquisite hardwearing sock yarn that can stand up to your affection and abuse.
SweetGeorgia Prismatic Mini-Mini Yarn Set Yarn is a similar yarn: merino wool, machine wash, fingering (27-32 sts/4 in), 8 sts / inch, 80% superwash merino wool, 20% nylon, on size 0-1 US needles. You may also like SweetGeorgia Tough Love Sock Party of Five Mini-Skein Set Yarn, which is another similar yarn: machine wash, fingering (27-32 sts/4 in), 8 sts / inch, 80% superwash merino wool, 20% nylon, on size 0-1 US needles.
What about yarn that have the same look and feel? Find more yarn with a smooth / uniform texture, a high energy twist, and is hand dyed.
You may enjoy taking a look at the SweetGeorgia Tough Love Sock Curiosa Shawl, Sweet Georgia Tough Love Sock Sweet Little Cardigan, SweetGeorgia Tough Love Sock Stormwatch , and SweetGeorgia Tough Love Sock Procella Hat and Mitts kits all using SweetGeorgia Tough Love Sock Yarn.
Hopefully our suggested project ideas for SweetGeorgia Tough Love Sock Yarn can help you come up with your next exciting new project idea!
We provide endless possibilities for you including yarn, knitting gifts, needles, kits, sale yarn, free knitting patterns, and more!Jimmy Beans Wool is Your Local Yarn Store... Online!


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Children With Hair Loss Inc
What a wonderful organization that does not profit from donations of money or hair! Please check our CWHL and watch the videos of these kiddos receiving this precious gift! more
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Russell Bishop
Great article, using rgba is my new year's resolution!
One thing I do wonder about is when you mentioned using .png's as a fallback for older browsers.
If you're going to make a .png alternative for every rgba you're using, why not simply just use .png's in the first place?
Can't wait for tomorrow!


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0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
Soak it in...then quit gaming forever.
Well, in my experience, beating VLR is not best followed with Fire Emblem, because VLR has awesome writing and (YES I KNOW YOU FUCKERS LIKE IT) Fire Emblem has shallow Saturday-morning cartoon writing that I hated. So I don't do that. I did just beat P4G, and ended up trying to play something totally different so as not to make whatever came after seem lacking in comparison. Worked out well. Generally seems to be a good idea.
Just started my shiny new digital copy of Etrian Odyssey 4, which I'd say is VERY different. Either I'll continue there or try Ever 17. Isn't Ever 17 teh 2nd in a series though? Should I play the first before that?
It's a case of same world, different story (and I'm not even 100% sure about that). You don't need to have played the first, which is handy since it was never released.


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New lighting has been installed at a park in Carr Vale.
The lighting at the park, off Chapel Road and Villas Road, has been put in to encourage more youngsters to use the facility.
PC Pete Harley, of Derbyshire police, said: "We saw a drop in calls about nuisance behaviour when the lights were first installed and we hope that there will continue to be a positive impact for the community during winter."


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Did you hear what Sweden has done to help with self-image? They no longer have those Barbie looking mannequins in their stores. They started using life-like mannequins with softer looking bellies and fuller thighs (if you want to check them out here is the link: http://shine.yahoo.com/healthy-living/swedish-mannequins-cause-a-controversy--192108535.html). What Sweden may not have realized is they are helping to cut back on the ever rising issue of negative self-image. Let's face it, every time we turn on the TV we are faced with that super skinny super model or body builder. This can lead to many self-image issues with today's youth. But how do you go about talking to your teenage son or daughter about these things. It's something that can be very stressful for both of you.
It is very important to keep the doors of communication open with your teenager. Now, yes I was at one time a teenager and I did not want to talk to my parents about anything let alone my self-image. Just keep these things in mind while trying to start the conversation about self-image. Treat your teenager with the same respect you would have them treat you; your body language is everything, if you come off as being defensive they may just shut down from the conversation. Further, don't let them see you being negative towards yourself. I know we all don't have perfect days. The only thing we ask here is that you don't degrade yourself in front of your children. You should work on not degrading yourself at all, but that's another blog for another day. Also, NEVER yell! Yelling gets nothing accomplished.
Avoid talking negativity about food! If your son or daughter wants that extra cookie. Don't say to them, "Are you sure you need that cookie" or whatever it may be. Let them have that extra cookie. Also, saying how great someone looks just because they are thin isn't a great habit to get into. This can send the wrong message to your teenager, making them think that the only way they look good is if they are thin. Point out beauty in all shapes and sizes.
It seems like teenagers eat all the time. As they should, they are growing and moving. Have healthy drinks and snacks available for them to eat while they are at home,at a sporting event, or at school. This helps pave a way to a healthier lifestyle down the road and a better understanding of what foods are considered healthy and what ones are not.
Compliment the actions they do, not how they look. If your son or daughter wants to sign up for something they normally would not do compliment them! Tell them how much you support them and how much you are proud of them for trying new things. It's important they keep moving! Show them that exercise is important. Try to incorporate it into a daily routine. Compliment them on their abilities. Let them know how wonderful they are. For more information, call (570) 253-2083 or visit us online at ymcawayne.com.


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I'm sick and tired of nagging my kids to do their chores, stop whining, find their own snack why are you asking me when the cupboard is right there!, stop arguing with me, practice their instrument, . . . the list goes on and on.
Last week I'd had it. No more nagging. Take 239 on motivating with rewards.
Okay, since I'm a teacher and read research for fun, I know that intrinsic motivation (motivation from an internal desire to do well) is better than extrinsic motivation (motivation to something to do well because of something you'll get as a result.) Kids who get used to extrinsic motivation lose their internal motivators and start performing only for rewards. In my own classroom, I actually listed "personal satisfaction" as a reward and it worked. (Read this article on how using money for motivation doesn't work long term.)
However, my kids are cramping my lofty internal motivation style. They're not motivated by a pat on the back, can you believe it? At least not for certain tasks --chores, for example.
Peter Pappas recently blogged about the educational research about student motivation. He said that kids / students need these four basic elements:
Kids are motivated when they're interested in something. We've all seen our kids devour facts about dinosaurs or read the sports stats during playoffs, that's interest. I don't know about your kids but mine are not interested in chores.
Kids are more motivated with control and choice.
Kids feel they can do what they're asked to do - it's not too hard.
Kids see the social benefits in doing it - belonging, approval, etc.
At home, we can certainly make sure they have competence and even some control like when during the day to complete can be a choice. Interest and relatedness are trickier. (Shunning works for the Amish? Sort-of.) I don't think I can only do internal motivation.
So, I'm going with external motivation, research be damned. My plan (don't laugh) is to wean them off the external motivation until they are internally motivated. Sounds good, right? I've done it before with success -- a treasure chest prize for going to kindergarten without a tantrum, a jar filled with gems for good behavior (get to pick a prize out of the box when full,) and a small sticker book for going #2. (The things we do as parents!) I eventually stopped doing the reward systems and the desired behavior continued . . . mostly.
So, it's time to pick another reward system. Here are some from Pinterest I'm considering.
Reward Systems
1. Play Money from Lil Blue Boo
2. Technology Tickets from Ducks in a Row
3. Quarter Grumbling Jar
(Christian-themed, can be adapted to be secular or another faith.)
4. Choose a Chore or Chore Cards
5. Point System
6. Gem Jars
What do you think? Which would you pick?
Any advice for my not-internally motivated situation?


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Now you are referring to meaning only?Sherab wrote:Because we need words/terms in order to communicate.
This did not merely imply meaning:
Sherab wrote:Within a mind, there are different consciousness.
A "meaning complex"? Well yes but even in that it is not different from "consciousness" because "consciousness" are differentiated according to some linguistic conventions.Sherab wrote: I have given the meaning of "mind" as I understand it namely that it is a complex of various consciousness.
Based on what I said before I can only say that I can be "conscious" of "being conscious of", i.e. I can directly perceive my "being conscious of" or - a synonym - I can be aware of "being aware of", I can be aware of "being conscious of", I can be conscious of "being aware of". This "being aware of" or "being conscious of" is synonym to "mind" per linguistic convention because I can only perceive what I can perceive. I can conceptualize/think of/fantasize phenomena beyond that but I would not claim these to be valid.Sherab wrote: This seemed to imply to me that you are asserting that a mind = a consciousness at every moment. If you did not mean this, could you elaborate on what you actually meant?
Kind regards


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An elegant twist on the classic solitaire, the Eden engagement ring gracefully partners with Ivy, the charming diamond pavé vine eternity band. Showcasing a total of 28 diamonds either side of its Forever One round cut moissanite centre stone, this ring is truly set to sparkle.
The main image features a 7.5mm Forever One round cut moissanite centre stone, which is equivalent in size to a 1.50ct diamond and 28 G/H SI Conflict-free Diamonds in its shoulder set.
Every Charles and Colvard Forever One Moissanite stone that is featured on Lily Arkwright is 100% ethical and lab-grown in the United States. All centre stones are accompanied by a Charles and Colvard certificate of authenticity and a limited lifetime warranty. Each stone is carefully inspected and graded by a fully qualified gemologist.
- Centre Stone: Forever One Moissanite, by Charles & Colvard D - F Colour
- Side Stones: G/H SI Conflict-free Diamonds
- Metal: 18K Rose Gold
- Band Width: 1.9mm
- Setting: Diamond Shoulder Set Solitaire
- This piece has been certified in accordance with the hallmarking Act 1973
Delivery Timescales
Many Lily Arkwright products are still available for delivery before Christmas. Contact the Lily Arkwright Customer Service Team who will be happy to advise you on individual product delivery information.
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com or Phone: +44 (0)161 537 6773
We aim to dispatch all orders within 14 days, a small selection of products & bespoke designs items do have an extended delivery timescale and can take up to 4 weeks for delivery. Please contact us for further information, a signature is required upon receipt of all orders.
Delivery Charges
Lily Arkwright are proud to offer FREE UK Delivery & Returns.
- FREE Delivery includes: UK mainland, highlands, Jersey, Isle of Man, Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland
- Europe: £34
- International: £44
All orders are dispatched recorded delivery and are fully insured up to the point of delivery, all orders must be signed for on receipt. Orders to EU countries include VAT** and are exempt from import duties, overseas customers outside of the EU are responsible for any local custom & import charges or VAT if applicable.** All EU sales to Iceland, Switzerland, Norway & Rest of the World are zero VAT rated, please get in touch and 20% VAT will excluded from your purchase.
We want to ensure that you are completely satisfied with your purchase from Lily Arkwright, and offer a 30-day money-back guarantee from the date your order arrives. The item must be returned in an unworn condition, with all original packaging.We do not accept returns for engraved, personalised or bespoke made to order items.
UK Return Postage is FREE
- EU and International customers are responsible for return postage costs.
- When sending items back please ensure you obtain proof of postage.
- Before returning your order please request a RETURNS NUMBER (RN) by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com.
Returns Address:
Lily Arkwright, Unit 11, 792 Wilmslow Road, Didsbury, Manchester, M20 6UG
Special Orders
All customised special orders have slightly extended delivery times. Please contact the Lily Arkwright customer service team for further information by emailing: firstname.lastname@example.com and we will be happy to assist.


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Writerspace Interview With Jo Davis/JD Tyler
on April 6, 2015
Thank you so much for having me here today at Writerspace! I'm looking forward to our visit! 1. Question: What is the best part of being a writer? What is the worst? The best and worst parts are the same—the isolation. I'm a loner by nature, so I can disappear into the world of a… Read More


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|Remove Year: 2009
|Energy topic:
|Remove Energy topic: Policy
|Publication type:
|Remove Publication type: Perspectives
Our ad hoc World Energy Perspectives reports and studies are based on the expert insights from our network of leaders and practitioners and provide a bottom up assessment of key issues and technologies impacting the energy sector.
European Climate Change Policy Beyond 2012
This report reflects the views of WEC European Members and does not necessarily represent the view of all WEC members. There is an increasing scientific consensus that human activities do trigger climate changes. Actual forecasts predict temperature increases that are likely to be beyond the adaptation potential of ecosystems. These considerations play a major role […]
Published in November 2009
WEC Rules of Trade 2009: Trade and Investment Rules for Energy
Rules that govern energy trade is an issue that has generated increasing concern everywhere, from the standpoint of both the security of supply for consumers and security of demand for suppliers. This concern reflects the importance of rules that comprehensively address the needs from supply and demand point of view and integrate the international fabric […]
Published in September 2009


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Wonderful Mandalas Designs by EDDA Froehlich / EDDArt | This beautiful INDIA ornaments pattern MANDALA BALL in blue, pink and white will makes you happy and brings joyful energy in your life. SPREAD YOUR GOOD MOOD! | You miss other colors of this design? Feel free to contact me: firstname.lastname@example.com I will do it for you! HAVE FUN & BE HAPPYMake fun out of our buttons which can be used for an array of purposes. Whether intended for kids' parties or as clothing accessories, our Mylar protected buttons are ideal. Button measures 1.75" in diameter.
If you order more than 50 pcs items (can be combined), please click here to contact us for whole price quotation, please include the SKU# and the quantity you want for each of them. For order less than 50 pcs, please order directly from our website.


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Old EMI Email Shows They Knew That Giving Away Songs For Free Leads To More Sales
from the well-look-at-that dept
Free Promotional MP3 of one song to the public for free download from Peter Moréns album (as do most indie labels). They would offer "Social Competence" for free download on touchandgorecords.com, Peter and Touch and Go's Myspace pages, plus encourage as many third party online zines, podcasts, blogs, major web portals to host the MP3 for free download on their site. We are being told that historically the track which is offered for free like this is usually still the top selling track in digital retail. They would like to offer this promotional MP3 download for nine months. After that initially period the promotional partners will replace the MP3 download with a stream for the duration of the license of the album including offering a stream of the song on their website and on their Myspace page and Peter's Myspace page, or until they decide to ask these partners to remove the stream.And yet, all this time, the RIAA keeps insisting that free music is a problem? Even as employees at the labels knew years ago that free was "so effective" as a promotional technique that it helped sell the same track much more.
The label has given us a further explanation of why they pursue this strategy. One promotional MP3 per album is the best way they can virally promote the album which will increase sales and thus revenue on the compositional side as well as the master recording side. This promotional technique has proven to be so effective, that virtually every free track they have issued from an album has maintained itself as the top selling track from the album. It also enables them to offer something from the album to the myriad of sites, blogs, podcasts out there that would be tempted to give away unauthorized materials, perhaps the entire album, if they do not have the option to feature a track that they offer to them. This control mechanism is vital to their methods of slowing piracy of albums.


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Skip to comments.Donofrio & Pidgeon file Motion for Reconsideration i Chrysler Case
Posted on 12/28/2009 7:38:26 AM PST by circumbendibus
click here to read article
This story was an exclusive to the Post & Email. MSM has not picked up on this yet.
I would rather see the secured debtholders in court against Obama and Chrysler.
Unfortunately, they were forced (nearly at gunpoint) to sign their rights away.
The MSM will never pick up on this, the legal fight for a Writ of Quo Warranto in the DC Federal Court, nor the cases proceeding in Hawaii to force the Hawaiian DOH to follow Hawaiian law, and release the documentation surrounding BHO's birth.
In fact, I haven't even seen a trace in the WSJ, where the Chrysler deal belongs!
The rights taken from them Soviet or Islamo Kenyan Marxist style. I give Leo and Pidgeon a lot of credit. The masses of fools care more about the football playoffs and bowl games. Idiots. TV gives the left their power.
Cavuto broke this story on Fox News in early December. After quo warranto is filed in DC this week or next, I expect there to be some follow up reporting at least.
The Democrats just change the law when they are in power to suit them. The press just goes along with it. Makes me sick. This usurper must be removed and charged with treason along with the rest of the DNC.
Wouldn't it be great; if they could get Obama and Co while they were in Hawaii?
Yes. One can dream anyway.
In reading Beck's "Common Sense," you'll notice he skips blithely over Article II,after mentioning every other office's qualifications. Levin, the "great constitutional scholar" also has a faulty copy of the document. Very darn weird.
By now the Eligibility Issue has been so interwined with the "Birther Conspiracy," that no right wing talker apparently has the guts to set their audience straight. If they mention it at at all, Right or Left, it's only to ridicule the "Birthers."
"Yabut, he was born in Hawaii." End of story.
In his last show before Christmas, Rush hinted how Obama (like Tiger Woods) could crumble quickly (once certain information comes out). Maybe it's just my wishful thinking but I think Obama will be unmasked in 2010 before elections take place.
"Before turning to our legal analysis of the elements necessary to establish fraud on the Court under FRCP Rule 60(d)(3), we should state that Movants do not allege Judge Gonzalez intentionally perpetrated a fraud on the Court. Regardless, we respectfully submit that the assertion wielded by Judge Gonzalez in Footnote 21 is fraudulent on its face and as such it exhibits a reckless disregard for the truth which is enough under controlling precedent to establish fraud on the court under Rule 60(d)(3)."
Wow! Professional gambler D'Onofrio is accusing the judge of committing a "fraud on the court" via "reckless disregard of the truth".
Normally, as Taitz has found, it is not advisable to both insult and enrage the judge that you are asking to make a ruling a your motion. D'Onofrio is too smart for that, so I suspect that he may have deliberately put the judge in a conflict of interest position where the judge will need to recuse himself.
Judges must avoid even the appearance of conflict of interst, and if the judge rules against D'Onofrio's client he could be seen as protecting his self-interest in his reputation. If he rules for D'Onofrio's client, he will be admitting to having perpetrated a fraud on his own court!
I expect (not a lawyer) that the judge might feel compelled to recuse himself for this reason and that is what D'Onofrio intended. A new judge, not under the excruciating time pressure of the first judge and able to weigh with more time D'Onofrio's arguments, might rule for D'Onofrio's plaintiffs. I would be interested in how a lawyer thinks the judge will respond.
No surprise, but I wouldn't be too hopeful if I were you. You said it yourself—this kind of stuff doesn't go over well. If one want to be a professional gambler, one should try it in Vegas, not the courts.
Outside of TV, it's very hard for a lawyer to compel a judge to recuse himself based on your interpretation of his ruling. It's almost always foolish to try.
"Jes a-tryin' ta hep you-all out, Judge."
The Lord's perfect timing..........
Leo is not accusing the judge of _intentional_ fraud, but with what amounts to fraud. The judge himself acted with such "reckless disregard for the truth" that it amounted to the judge committing a fraud on his own court! The judge's reckless disregard was to characterize in a footnote testimony of a witness as having the exact opposite meaning of what the witness intended, which Leo says is clear from the record.
Before turning to our legal analysis of the elements necessary to establish fraud on the Court under FRCP Rule 60(d)(3), we should state that Movants do not allege Judge Gonzalez intentionally perpetrated a fraud on the Court. Regardless, we respectfully submit that the assertion wielded by Judge Gonzalez in Footnote 21 is fraudulent on its face and as such it exhibits a reckless disregard for the truth which is enough under controlling precedent to establish fraud on the court under Rule 60(d)(3).
"Ahem ...,. your honor may have been misled .... b-b-by this witness' incoherent remarks ... we pray the court reconsider the actual import of the witness' remarks ... in this here motion, which we in no way wish to be construed as critical of your honor's previous opinions ... coulda happened to anybody. "
Judge Gonzalez was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1947. Judge Gonzalez received an undergraduate degree in accounting from Fordham University in 1969 and a masters degree in education from Brooklyn College in 1974. He received a J.D. from Fordham University School of Law in 1982. He also received an L.L.M. in taxation from New York University School of Law in 1990. Judge Gonzalez was an attorney in the Office of Chief Counsel of the Internal Revenue Service and earned the Chief Counsel's Special Achievement Award for three consecutive years. Thereafter, he practiced with the firms of Pollner, Mezan, Stolzberg, Berger & Glass, P.C. and Gaston & Snow in New York City. Judge Gonzalez was appointed Assistant United States Trustee in the Southern District of New York in 1991. He was appointed United States Trustee for Region 2 (Second Circuit) in 1993 and served in that position until his appointment to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York in 1995.
To my jaundiced old eye it appears that Gonzalez is probably not a total AAA* dummy and at least knows the ropes. However, Gonzalez is a complete government man. At least Donofrio is not attacking him publicly as a certain Russian Dentist of my acquaintance would have done by now.
A Federally Protected species: The Affirmative Action Anus.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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Forest River Debuts Upscale Trilogy Fifth-Wheel
November 16, 2011 by RVBusiness · Comments Off on Forest River Debuts Upscale Trilogy Fifth-Wheel
According to Forest River Inc. General Manager Jeff Babcock, the company's new Trilogy fifth-wheel is "the only fifth-wheel on the market with radius walls, windows, entry door and roof" — construction techniques that can be sourced to Forest River's acquisition of Dynamax Corp. earlier this year. "It utilizes the same radius sidewalls and roof that (Dynamax) has used on its motorized product for 15 years," said Dewayne Creighton, general manager of the Dynamax division. "The construction is basically the same — just on a fifth-wheel frame — so the work force knows how to build it." The new unit also comes fully equipped. "The only choices are the bed, refrigerator and color you want," added Babcock. "Everything else is standard." Currently available in a 38-foot floorplan with two others in the works, the unit offers 8 feet, 5 inches of headroom in the living room and 6 feet, 7 inches in the upper deck. Interior features include hard cherry raised-panel cabinet doors, solid-surface countertops with mosaic tile on backsplashes, walk-in closet, padded ceiling and Forest River-designed sofa and chairs. Additional features include six-point hydraulic levelers, 97-pound LP-gas capacity (under floor with remote fill) and 250 square feet of basement storage. MSRP is expected to be in the mid- to high $70,000 range.


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Noma: Time and Place in Nordic Cuisine by René Redzepi
Yesterday Dana pondered whether it's OK for a cookbook to be so pretty and so impressive that you're afraid to bring it into the kitchen. Noma is one book that might fall into that category. In fact, I would guard it with my life from kitchen stains! The recipes also call for some rather specific ingredients ("8 small shallots from the island of Læsø") that most of us would never have access to. And yet it's one of the most inspiring books I have ever seen.
Title & Publisher: Noma: Time and Place in Nordic Cuisine by René Redzepi, photographs by Ditte Isager. Published by Phaidon Press, 2010.
Noma is not the type of book I'll keep on the kitchen counter, or from which I'll glean staple recipes. Although it contains over 90 recipes from René Redzepi's award-winning restaurant, this book strikes me as more of an art volume than a cookbook. It opens with fold-out, hand-illustrated map of the Nordic region, moves into a series of essays (the first by artist Olafur Eliasson), and then presents readers with about 200 pages of heartbreakingly beautiful photographs by Ditte Isager. Recipes come at the end but are not to be skipped; reading them is as fascinating as looking at the images.
Before Redzepi gained international recognition for his restaurant Noma (it was voted Best Restaurant in the World at the S. Pellegrino awards in 2010), he worked at prestigious restaurants like elBulli and The French Laundry. He was just 25 years old when Noma opened in 2003 and the essays and journal entries in this book describe his growth process as a chef (and, we'd say, artist), from mimicking what he'd learned at other restaurants and geographic locations to developing a truly Nordic cuisine. (Noma stands for "Nordisk Mad" – Nordic Food.) Everyone's doing seasonal, local food these days but Redzepi's dishes take this engagement with time and place to a new level.
Discussing his ingredients, Redzepi says he "wouldn't dream of manipulating the materials excessively. It's about being able to feel the link to the producer, whether it's nature herself or agriculture." In his dishes there is a profound sense of the earth – winter, spring, mossy forests, and wild seashores. Looking at a dish called Blueberries Surrounded By Their Natural Environment, you feel as if you're outside picking blueberries, not just seeing them on a plate. In addition to the culinary creations, Isager's photographs highlight the Nordic landscape and the farmers, foragers, and fishermen who bring the raw materials to the restaurant.
Because it's so rooted in a specific place, it would be difficult – and perhaps against the point – to replicate Noma's recipes if you live elsewhere. However, if you're willing to be creative and to make substitutions, there are some wonderful ideas. I love the recipe for Spinach Steamed In Tea, for example, and the Vegetable Field, with soil made from malt, actually seems quite doable. (Note to fellow vegetarians: many of the recipes aren't veg-friendly as they contain gelatin or other animal products. I still think we can glean ideas for presentation, though.)
Most of all, I think the book inspires readers to look beyond their grocery stores, to engage with the environment where food grows, and to see raw materials in a new way. As someone who considers her two great passions in life to be food and nature, this is pretty much my favorite cookbook in years. Now to plan a trip to the actual restaurant…
• Buy it: Noma: Time and Place in Nordic Cuisine, $32.97 at Amazon
Related: Cooking Chef Recipes at Home: What's Been Your Experience?
Apartment Therapy Media makes every effort to test and review products fairly and transparently. The views expressed in this review are the personal views of the reviewer and this particular product review was not sponsored or paid for in any way by the manufacturer or an agent working on their behalf. However, the manufacturer did give us the product for testing and review purposes.
(Images: From Noma: Time and Place in Nordic Cuisine (Phaidon Press, $49.95, www.phaidon.com) © Ditte Isager / courtesy Phaidon Press )


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Rock Hill, S.C. (Mar. 15, 2003) - East Tennessee State's softball team improved to 3-0 at this weekend's Winthrop Ringor Invitational with a 9-6 come-from-behind victory over Michigan State Saturday. ETSU trailed the Spartans 6-0 after the fifth inning, but the Buccaneer bats rallied for all nine of their runs in the sixth.
Junior Sheryl Clark (Bradenton, Fla.) kick started the ETSU offense with a three-run homerun to put the Bucs on the board. Junior Miranda Byerly (Candler, N.C.) then cut the deficit more with a solo homerun in back-to-back fashion. ETSU's sixth inning was capped off with another homerun, a two-run blast from junior Tiffany McVay (Soddy-Daisy, Tenn.).
"The first time through the lineup we looked a little weak," said Buccaneer head coach Amy Fuller. "But our players made the adjustments they needed to make at the plate. I'm also proud of our pitching staff. We threw everyone we had, and we were able to keep Michigan State from coming back."
Red-shirt freshman Jolene Holthaus (Sidney, Ohio) picked up the win for ETSU. Freshman Julia McChain (Dale City, Va.) started the game, before being relieved by junior Jennifer Fraser (Chattanooga, Tenn.) in the fourth inning. Holthaus pitched 2 2/3 scoreless innings before Fuller brought in McVay for save.
ETSU's late game on Saturday versus UNC Wilmington was postponed due to rain. The Buccaneers will resume play on Sunday, Mar. 16.


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Tennessee marinas are preparing for a new safety law going into effect on Jan. 1, 2015, named after two boys electrocuted while swimming near a dock in 2012. The Noah Dean and Nate Act requires clear warning signs of shock risks near docks, yearly inspections of equipment, and ground fault circuit protection.
A TV news report by WBIR in Knoxville covered one marina's response to the requirements of the law. The harbormaster is quoted, saying "There was no real structure and that's one thing the law has done. It has created structure." WBIR reported that at this time, the marina does not have ground fault protection. But under the new law, any electrical equipment installed or replaced at a marina on or after April 1, 2015 must include it.
"Until we expand our facility and have new construction really the only thing we're going to have to do, as far as the law is read, is replace our signage. We have signage right now but it's not exactly what it says in that text," the harbormaster said.
The marina works with an electrical contractor, on top of the yearly inspections to come. If a marina does not meet the requirements, WBIR said, there are several possible consequences including fees up to $50,000 and possible prison time. The new law applies only to public docks.


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CHICAGO — The Chicago City Council is preparing to make a show of solidary with Ukraine over Russia's occupation of the Crimean peninsula.
A resolution passed Tuesday by a City Council committee asks the city's Department of Cultural Affairs and Special Events to suspend the sister city agreement with Moscow. A second resolution calls for solidarity with Ukraine in urging a peaceful end to the Russian occupation.
The full City Council votes on the resolutions in April.
Chicago's sister city arrangement with Moscow has been in place since April 1997. Tuesday's resolution seeks the suspension of the relationship until Russia withdraws its troops from Crimea.
President Barack Obama, while visiting the Netherlands on Tuesday, characterized Russia's placing of military in Ukraine's Crimea region as a sign of weakness by a regional power.


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|Product synonyms:
black catechu ) for unrefined
khair ) product
|Product type and form traded:
|Dried aqueous extract of tree heartwood.
|Botanical source:
|Acacia catechu Willd. (family: Leguminosae); both from wild and cultivated trees.
|Synonyms for botanical source:
|"Cutch" or "catechu" or "khair" tree in India; "sha" in Myanmar; "sa-che" or variants of "seesiat" in Thailand.
|(a) Natural range is in an arc across southern Himalayas from Pakistan, through Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar to Thailand and, possibly, extending into Yunnan Province, China; (b) introduced to Indonesia.
|World production:
|Possibly between 6,000-9,000 tonnes per annum.
|International trade:
|Poorly quantified, possibly 1,500 tonnes per annum mainly in Asian region.
|Major producers:
|India (with smaller-scale production in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand).
|Major importer:
|Availability of reliable published information:
"Cutch" is the purified aqueous extract of the heartwood of the multipurpose tree, Acacia catechu Willd. This deciduous, thorny species grows up to 15 m high and is indigenous to the southern range of the Himalayas (extending in India as far south as Andhra Pradesh and Orissa), Myanmar and northern Thailand.
Processing involves three stages: production of a crude extract "black catechu"; isolation of "katha" and solidification of the residue, "cutch".
"Black catechu" has been traditionally employed in the producer countries for crude dyeing, leather tanning and in indigenous medicines.
The further processed "cutch" is employed as a cheap brown dye and preservative for canvas, fishing nets and similar items and also as a tanning agent for leather, particularly in India. In more recent times, cutch has found use as a viscosity modifier in oil well drilling. It is composed mainly of catechu-tannic acid with catechin, catechu red, quercetin and a gum as minor components.
"Katha" is a brown semi-crystalline substance which contains catechin
and its isomers. It is used as an ingredient of "pan" and "pan marsala"
chewing confectionery in India.
Black catechu" is included in several European pharmacopoeias but the current scale of usage, if any, is insignificant. There appear to be no imports of cutch into developed country markets for use as a dyestuff or as a tanning agent.
Trade in cutch appears restricted to the traditional usage areas of the Indian sub-continent and certain countries in Southeast Asia. Imports have been reported for Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar, which are not self-sufficient in domestic production, and by China. The scale of this trade cannot be precisely quantified but probably totals only slightly larger than India's exports, i.e., around 1,500 tonnes annually.
Photo 1: Black catechu being sold by street vendor, Myanmar. (Photo: M. Kashio)
The major producer of cutch and katha is India where production is based in the northern provinces on wild and cultivated trees and involves both cottage-scale and industrial-scale processing (with some factories having a throughput capacity of 1,000 tonnes of raw material per month). Up-to-date information is not available for India on output levels or on the breakdown in domestic usage of cutch between dyestuff, tanning and medicinal applications. However, factories have recently reported difficulties in operating at full capacity owing to raw material supply problems; the tree is valued as a fuelwood and for other purposes. During the mid-1970s, some 63,000 tonnes of wood were consumed annually by the katha/cutch industry and this is estimated crudely as providing around 5,000-6,000 tonnes of cutch. India recorded exports of 1,000-1,300 tonnes of cutch annually over 1988-1993 with Pakistan as the major destination.
Minor producers of unrefined "black catechu" include Myanmar, Thailand, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Reliable data are available only for Thailand; current production is cottage-industry type, based on a limited natural resource with sales mainly to the domestic traditional medicine market but involving small exports to Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh.
The absence of reliable data makes it impossible to predict a market trend for cutch as a dyestuff or tanning agent. However, a continued substantial demand may be expected in the traditional regional market and this could possibly increase along with population growth, demand for manufactured goods and industrialization. The major perceived constraint lies with the availability of the wood raw material which is already under pressure from alternative uses, particularly as a fuelwood, in many countries.
The following prices were reported in an FAO study for October 1992.
Table 7: Wood and cutch prices for India and Thailand, 1992
|up to US$ 240/m3
|ca. US$ 13/m3
|Best quality katha
|US$ 15/kg
|US$ 0.80/kg
|Crude extract
|US$ 0.80/kg
Source: Kashio, M. (1992).
Quality standards for cutch and katha have been published by the Indian Standards Institution.
Supply shortages for cutch could develop within the main traditional regional markets of Asia owing to the high demand for the raw material as fuelwood. This might offer the opportunity for entrance to the market by new sources, both for export on a modest scale and to supply any domestic demand. Prospective candidates include Nepal and Indonesia; the tree is indigenous in the former and it has been established as an exotic on plantations in the latter. However, the opportunities or constraints for new ventures require a thorough supply and demand study in the region, and this must also take into account trends in usage of alternative, inexpensive natural and synthetic dyestuffs and tannins.
Climate and Soil Requirements
A. catechu is found in moderate rainfall areas over its natural range from the Southern Himalayas down to northern Thailand. It has not proven suitable for the most dry or heavy rainfall areas in India. The altitude limit in the Himalayas is around 1,200 m. It is adaptable to a wide range of well-drained soils, even poor stony types which are unsuitable for many other trees.
In India, the tree is grown on large plantations and in smaller, communal lots (in which it is exploited for fuelwood and village-scale processing purposes).
Several varieties of A. catechu are recognised in India and they possess differing characteristics. The three main types are var. catechu in the Western Himalayas; var. catechuoides in the Eastern Himalayas; and var. chundra in the more southerly areas.
Seeds are employed for propagation and germination is reported as improved by hot-water pre-treatment. Seedlings are raised in nurseries for about six months prior to field planting (at spacings of 2 m x 4 m or greater).
Weeding is the most important action in the early years after establishment.
Rotation regimes depend upon the intended usage: for fuelwood production in India, felling is usually at 10-15 years of age; trunks with a diameter of 30-35 cm are considered the most economic for cutch extraction and this size may not be achieved for 30 years.
Photo 2: Wild growth of Acacia catec, Thailamd. (Photo:M Kashio)
Photo 3: Heartwood of Acacia catechu being
cut and chipped for extraction
of cutch and katha (Photo: M.Kashio)
Photo 4: Crude cutch ("black catechu") attaining consistenci. (Photo: M.Kashio)
Photo 5: Katha, machine cut into for sale. (Photo: M.Kashio)
The dark heartwood of the trunk and of branches greater than 2.5 cm diameter are employed for extraction. Freshly cut material should be employed to optimise extraction yields.
Modern village-scale processing in India involves a number of distinct operations. Heartwood is mechanically chipped prior to the first extraction which is undertaken in metal, open-topped pots of 40 litres capacity. Approximately 10 kg of chips, supported in a wire basket, are boiled with 25 litres of water for 2 hours. The extract is removed and the chips are subjected to a second extraction. The combined extracts are filtered and are then concentrated by boiling in the metal pots until the specific gravity attains approximately 1.05. Katha crystallizes out over a period of several days from the concentrate and this is removed with the aid of a filter press; final preparation of the katha prior to sale involves maceration in clean water, filtering, pressing and drying to around 10% moisture content. The filtrate obtained after removal of the katha is concentrated by evaporation to a viscous state and is then allowed to solidify as cutch.
Factory-scale processing is basically similar but on a larger scale (typically 2.5 tonnes of heartwood per batch extraction) with additional mechanical aids. The extraction may be carried out both at atmospheric pressure or in autoclaves at 100-110?C; the process is repeated on the chips six times with the complete operation taking about 12 hours per batch. The extracts are concentrated in a steam-heated vacuum evaporator and the product is then stored at 0?C for 12 days to crystallize out the katha. The cutch residue is subjected to vacuum concentration and is finally poured into wooden boxes (holding 25 kg) to solidify.
Cutch and katha may be cut into pieces for sale, if required by the buyer, and the katha is sometimes reduced to a powder.
Heartwood yields vary considerably according to the size of the trees at felling and the planting density.
Processing yields based on heartwood feedstock average 4% for katha and 8% for cutch.
Processing methods have been well defined in India and more recently have been re-examined in Thailand. Similarly, there is a substantial body of Indian silvicultural data on the species. Needs for future research on production relate mainly to definition of climatic limit constraints, particularly in the humid tropics.
The immediate developmental requirement is for a thorough market study which will define the opportunities or constraints for further expansion of production and trade.
As noted earlier, cutch is employed as a tanning agent for leather and in oil well drilling. Both crude and refined cutch and extracts of the tree bark have been traditionally used in medicine, usually as an astringent for treatment of sore throats and diarrhoea.
However, the primary demand for the tree in many growing sites is as a coppiceable fuelwood source. The timber is regarded highly, also, for furniture and implement manufacture.
The thorny branches are frequently employed for the construction of animal-proof hedges.
The tree is one of the hosts for lac insects.
KASHIO, M. (1992). Chemical Processing and Utilization of Acacia catechu Willd. Report no. RAPA 1992/19. Bangkok, Thailand: FAO Regional Office for Asia and Pacific.
AMATA-ARCHACHAI, P. and HELLUM, A.K. (1984). Seed collection of Acacia catechu Willd. Embryon. ASEAN-Canada Forest Tree Seed Centre, 1(1), 41-47.
LARSON, E. (1964). Germination response of Acacia seeds to boiling. Australian Forestry Research, 1(1), 51-53.
MISHRA, N.M. and SINGH, J. (1985). Local volume tables for Acacia catechu and Lannea Grandis. Indian Forester, 13(6),385-396.
RAINA, A.K. et al. (1990). Application of nutrients on growth of Acacia catechu in nursery bed. Indian Forester, 116(8), 655-662.
SINGH, S.P. and JAIN, R.C. (1987). Yield of heartwood in Acacia catechu (khair) for use in katha manufacture. Indian Forester, 113(6), 404-408.
SHAKYA, R. (1990). Plantation establishment pattern for community forestry plantations in the bhabar terai. Banko Janakeri, 2(4), 407-409.
SHARMA, R.P. (1981). Yield tables for Acacia catechu at various levels of stocking. Indian Forester, 107(9), 551-567.
SHERPA, S. et al. (1993). Interim report on silvicultural research trials. Dhankuta, Nepal: Pakhribas Agricultural Centre Working Paper No. 41 (19 pp.).
TEWARI, D.N. (1994). Biodiversity and Forest Genetic Resources. Dehra Dun, India: International Book Distributors (329 pp.).
TOKY, O.P. and BISHT, R.P. (1993). Above-ground and below-ground biomass in important fuelwood trees from arid north-western India. J. Arid Environments, 25(3), 315?320.
ALI, M.S. et al. (1992). Utilization of Acacia catechu leaves for dyeing textiles. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res., 27(3/4), 158-163.
AWASTI, A.K. (1982). Katha plant, a typical forest industry. Myforest, 18(1), 23-27.
DOBHAL, N.P. and BERI, R.M. (1981). A note on the katha content of Acacia catechu Willd. Growing in thick and open forests. Indian Forester, 107(4), 252-254.
FAO (1992). Chemical Processing and Utilization of Acacia catechu Willd (see Economics reference).
GUPTA, R. and AGARWAL, M. (1979). Katha production in the Terai areas of Uttar Pradesh. Proceedings of a Symposium on Production and Utilization of Forest Products, Jammu, India; Vol. 1, pp. 240-242. Jammu, India: Regional Research Laboratory.
JAIN, P.P. (1980). A note on the production of katha and cutch in India. Indian Forester, 106, 569-573.
KAMIS-AWANG and TAYLOR, D.A.; editors. (1993). Acacias for Rural, Industrial and Environmental Development. Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the Consultative Group for Research and Development of Acacias (CONGREDA), Udorn Thani, Thailand, Feb. 1993. Bangkok, Thailand: FAO Forestry Research Programme for Asia and the Pacific.
SHARMA, O.P. (1981). Chemistry and Technology of Katha and Cutch Manufacturing. Dehra Dun, India: International Book Distributors (303 pp.).
TEWARI, D.N. (1994). Tropical Forest Produce. Dehra Dun, India: International Book Distributors.
DECHATIWONGSE, T. and JEWVACHDAMRONGKUL, Y. (1986). Quality determination of catechus. Bull., Dept. Med. Sci., 28(1), 79-91.
DESHPANDE, V.H. and PATIL, A.D. (1981). Flavanoids of Acacia catechu heartwood. Indian J. Chem., 20B, 628.
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION. (1964). Indian Standards Methods of Sampling and Test for Katha, IS: 2962-1964. New Delhi, India: Indian Standards Institution.
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION. (1967). Indian Standard Specification for Cutch, IS: 3967-1967. New Delhi, India: Indian Standards Institution.
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION. (1967). Indian Standard Specification for Katha, IS: 4359-1967. New Delhi, India: Indian Standards Institution.
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION. (1969). Indian Standard Methods of Test for Vegetable Tanning Materials, IS: 5466-1969. New Delhi, India: Indian Standards Institution.
BOAZ, A.A. and BOAZ, O. (1994). The forest infanticide - a case study of the removal of brushwood from the forests of Naoradehi Sanctuary (Madhya Pradesh). Indian Forester, 120(1), 35-39.
JAIN, S.K. (1979). Utilization of indigenous tanning materials in leather with special reference to cutch. Proceedings of a Symposium on Production and Utilization of Forest Products; Jammu, March 1979. Vol. 1, pp. 217-219. Jammu, India: Regional Research Laboratory.
RAJARAM, N. and JANARDHANAN, K. (1991). Studies on under-exploited tree pulses, Acacia catechu, Parkinsonia aculeata and Prosopsis chilensis. Food Chemistry, 42(3), 265?273.
SHULKA, K.S. et al. (1985). Development of hardboards from spent chips of Acacia catechu. Indian Forester, 111(5), 339-344.
WITHINGTON, D. et al., editors (1988). Multipurpose Tree Species for Small-Farm Use. Proceedings of an International Workshop held November 1987 in Pattaya, Thailand. Co-published by IRDC and Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development.
Product synonyms:
|Red dyestuff for textiles and paper.
|Textile dyeing and wood staining (in Asia).
|(a) Wood
|Brazilwood; Nicaragua wood; brasilette; Lima wood; Pernambuco wood; Bahia wood.
|Sappanwood; Indian redwood; kayu secang (Indonesia); sibukoa, sapang (the Philippines); sepang (Malaysia); teing-yet (Myanmar); faang (Thailand); vang nhuom (Viet Nam).
|(b) Extract
|Brazilin; brazilein.
|Raw material source:
|Heartwood of wild trees.
|Heartwood of wild and cultivated trees.
|Botanical source:
|Haematoxylin brasiletto Karst.; Caesalpinia echinata Lam.; C. brasilensis L. (all in Leguminosae family) and some other species native to Central and South America.
|Caesalpinia sappan L. (syn. Biancaea sappan (L.) Todaro (Leguminosae family) with distribution from India through Southeast Asia.
|Product traded internationally:
|World production and trade:
|Data unavailable; probably very small current trade.
|Availability of reliable published information:
"Brazilwood" held the role as one of the most important red dyestuffs for textiles from the Middle Ages to the end of the nineteenth century. The name is derived from "fiery red" or "glowing coals". It was obtained originally from the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L., a small tree which occurs in India, across Southeast Asia and southern China. On the discovery of the Americas, several other tree species were found to provide a superior red dye and these rapidly displaced the East Indian product in trade, usurping the name of "brazilwood". The country, Brazil, acquired its name through the abundance of its redwoods rather than vice versa.
The American brazilwoods have been sourced from a number of different
countries and species over the years. Their precise botanical identities
and relative importance in trade have been the subject of debate. Record
and Hess (1943) state that at that time the major source was Haematoxylon
brasiletto Karst from Nicaragua. This species is a small tree with
a natural range from southern California to Colombia and Venezuela and
it overlaps with logwood (H. campechianum, the source of the black-blue
dye of commerce). The other main species frequently cited as major sources
of brazilwood are Caesalpinia echinata Lam. [syn. Guilandina
echinata (Lam.) Spreng] and C. brasilensis L. [syn. Brasiletta
violacea (Mill.) Britt and Rose] but according to Record and Hess,
these are native to Brazil and Haiti, respectively, and were never as important
as H. brasiletto. Additional minor sources include Caesalpinia
platyloba S. Wats [syn. Brasiletta platyloba (S. Wats) Britt
and Rose], C. bahamensis Lam. and C. andreana Mich.
The American brazilwoods contain a water-soluble compound, brazilin, in
their pale yellow heartwoods and this transforms on oxidation to the red
dyestuff, brazilein. Shades of purple to bright red are obtained according
to the mordant used in the dyeing process. East Indian sappanwood contains
brazilin and another pigment, sappanin.
International demand for East Indian sappanwood as a dye source declined to insignificance by the end of the nineteenth century. Imports of "brazilwood" from Central and South America to the USA and Western Europe appear to have declined after the 1950s and the extent of current trade is not clear from trade statistics.
Production of sappanwood for dyestuff purposes in India and Southeast Asia is now minor and incidental to other uses, which include fuelwood.
There appears to be little prospect of resurrecting demand for brazilwood
or sappanwood as dyestuffs, other than in small-scale, local artisanal
Climate and Soil Requirements
The "brazilwoods" of Central and South America span a range of ecoclimatic conditions but the requirements for individual species are less than adequately documented owing to some confusion in their identities.
East Indian sappanwood occurs at low to medium altitudes in India and Southeast Asia with rainfall ranging from 700-4,300 mm and mean temperatures of 24-28?C. It is adaptable to clay soil and calcerous rocks but does not tolerate waterlogging.
Little published information is available on the brazilwoods.
Sappanwood is propagated from seed, which benefits from immersion in boiling water. Cultivation is usually practised under the shade of other trees within the forest or on the forest verge and with a coppicing regime. For firewood use, coppicing is practised at intervals of 3-4 years while for dye production harvesting is carried out at 6-8 years when good heartwood formation has occurred.
For all species, the highest yields of dye are obtained by extraction of the heartwood. Heartwood is reduced to chips prior to sequential extraction in boiling water. With sappanwood, the raw material is often first reduced to a powder, moistened and is then allowed to ferment, thereby encouraging oxidation of the brazilin and the other natural pigments. The aqueous extract is concentrated prior to use as a dye. The yield of sappanwood dye has been reported as up to 20% of the heartwood on a moisture-free basis.
The American Caesalpinia species are described as hard and heavy timbers which are useful for construction work, pit props, etc., and find use in carpentry.
East Indian sappanwood is used in the Philippines as a fast growing coppiceable fuelwood. Elsewhere in Southeast Asia, it is frequently employed as a hedge while wood and bark are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea and a variety of other ailments. The fruits, like those of most Caesalpinia species, are rich in tannins and may be used for treatment of leather.
In view of the superiority, availability and price of competing synthetic dyestuffs, it is probable that brazilwood and sappanwood dye usage will be restricted to craftwork products in future.
With sappanwood, research is merited on its comparative value with other
species as a fast growing fuelwood source and on some aspects of its silviculture.
Its potential as a medicinal plant beyond existing, local traditional uses
are questionable.
RHANGAL GALINDO, R. (1949). Some industrial woods of Colombia. Caribbean Forester, 10(July), 179-180.
RECORD, S.J. and HESS, R.W. (1943). Timbers of the New World, New Haven, USA: Yale University Press.
ROBINSON, R. (1958). Chemistry of brazilin and haematoxylin. Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1(Jan), 125-134.
DUKE, J.A. (1981). Handbook of Legumes of World Economic Importance. New York: Plenum Press.
FUKE, C. et al. (1985). Two aromatic compounds related to brazilin from Caesalpina sappan. Phytochemistry,24(10), 2403-2406.
LEMMENS, R.H.M.J. and WULIJARNI-SOETJIPTO, N. (1991). Plant Resources of Southeast Asia No. 3: Dye and Tannin Producing Plants. Wageningen, the Netherlands: Pudoc/Prosea.
SERRANO, R.C. (1984). Sibukao, excellent firewood. PCARRD Monitor (Los Banos, the Philippines), 12(6/7), 9-10.
TEWARI, D.N. (1994). Tropical Forest Produce. Dehra Dun, India: International Book Distributors.
ZERRUDO, J.V. (1985). Sibukao, a multi-purpose tree. Diamond Jubilee
Professorial Lecture, University of the Philippines, Los Banos (23
|Orange-yellow dye for textiles.
|Product synonym:
|Kamala powder (English) rottlière des teinturiers (French) croton tinctoria(French)
|Raw material source:
|Fruits of a tree; mainly harvested from the wild.
|Botanical source:
|Mallotus philippensis (Lamk) Muell. Arg.; syn. Croton philippense Lamk. (Family: Euphorbiaceae).
|Common synonyms for botanical source:
|Kamala or monkey face tree; kapasan (Indonesia); banato (the Philippines); hpawng-awn (Myanmar); kaai kat hin (Thailand); rum noa (Viet Nam).
|Western Himalayas, India, Southeast Asia, Southern China, through to Australia.
|World production:
|International trade:
|Availability of reliable published information:
The kamala tree (Mallotus philippensis Muell. Arg.) is an evergreen tree, growing up to 25 m which is indigenous to much of South and Southeast Asia and extends through the Pacific as far as Australia.
The fruit of the tree has a red glandular pubescence which, when detached
and comminuted, is known as kamala powder. The pigments, present at about
10% by weight, are partially soluble in hot water and are fully soluble
in organic solvents and alkalis. The principal red pigment is the chromene
compound, rottlerin which is somewhat unstable. On dyeing textiles such
as silk and wool, kamala powder produces an attractive bright orange colour
but this gradually fades on exposure to the sun.
Prior to the advent of colour-fast, synthetic dyes, kamala powder was used extensively in India and neighbouring Southeast Asian countries and enjoyed a small export trade. Today, usage has declined to a minor level within the region and demand can be met adequately from the harvesting of wild trees.
Some recent publications have suggested the possibility of employing
kamala as a colourant and as an anti-oxidant additive for processed foods.
However, the prospects are not good in such applications owing to a combination
of factors: the known physiological action of rottlerin (see later), the
costs of full toxicological testing and in the case of anti-oxidant applications,
the effective dosage probably would be very high.
Climate, Soil and Ecology
The kamala tree has a fairly wide adaptation range in the tropics and sub-tropics, displaying frost and drought resistance. In the wild state, it is most commonly found in evergreen forests but occurs also in scrub and on open rocky land. Kamala is frequently the pioneer tree in secondary forests in India where eventually sal (Shorea robusta) becomes dominant. It is shade tolerant.
Multiplication can be achieved by the use of root suckers or from seed. The latter are viable for approximately six months but the germination rate can be poor.
The tree grows slowly and often does not attain a trunk diameter of 15 cm after 15 years in India. Weeding in the early years is an important activity.
In India, harvesting is carried out as the fruits ripen in February and March and processing follows immediately. The operation involves detachment of the pigmented glandular pubescence on the fruits. Beating the fruit, followed by manual sifting provides the crude powder. Alternatively, the fruits may be stirred in water and the kamala powder which settles at the base of the vessel is recovered and dried. The yield of powder ranges between 1.5 to 4% of the fresh fruit weight. Crystalline rottlerin may be prepared by organic solvent extraction and concentration.
Rottlerin, the major pigment of kamala powder, has anthelmintic activity and extracts have been employed in India for treatment of cattle. It is reported also to reduce fertility in mammals.
The fruit seeds contain about 20% of a "drying oil", similar in properties to tung oil (Aleurites spp.), which has kamolenic acid as its major component. In India, the oil is employed as a fixative for cosmetics and to treat parasite infections on the skin.
The wood is often used as a fuel and occasionally as timber, but in this application suffers from a tendency to shrinkage and from insect attacks.
The leaves of the tree can be used as animal fodder.
The potential for greater utilization of the kamala tree does not appear
high, particularly in the context of formal cultivation. Prospects of increased
usage of kamala powder as a dyestuff or food colourant/antioxidant are
slim for the reasons described earlier. In the case of the seed oil, it
is necessary to study more thoroughly the economics of production and the
comparative advantage in its properties against other fatty oils derived
from faster growing species. It is possible that the kamala tree's economic
role will remain as a small source of seasonal income from the management
of wild forests.
GUPTA, O.P. and SHUKLA, R.P. (1991). The composition and dynamics of associated plant communities of sal plantations. Tropical Ecology, 32(2), 296-309.
JOSHI, A.P. and GUPTA, S.K. (1985). Mallotus philippensis in Garhwal Himalaya: an ecological account. Indian J. Forestry, 8(2), 134-136.
SINGHAL, R.M. and SHARMA, S.D. (1989). Phytosociological analysis of tropical forests in Doon Valley of Uttar Pradesh. J. Trop. Forestry, 5(1), 57-65.
SHUKLA, R.P. and PANDEY, U.N. (1991). On the reproductive phenology and sex ratio of Mallotus philippensis. Current Science, 61(5), 354-356.
BRINGI, N.V. (1988). Progress in the chemistry and technology of non-traditional oilseeds. J. Oil Technologists Assoc. India, 20(1), 2-9.
LEMMENS, R.H.M.J. and WULIJARI-SOETJIPTO, N., editors. (1991). Plant Resources of Southeast Asia No. 3: Dye and Tannin Producing Plants. Wageningen, Holland: Pudoc/Prosea.
TEWARI, D.N. (1994). Tropical Forest Produce. Dehra Dun, India: International Book Distributors.
BENTLEY, K. (1960). The Natural Pigments. New York: Interscience.
CROMBIE, L. et al. (1968). Constituents of kamala: isolation and structure of two new components. J. Chem. Soc., C, 265.
DEAN, F.M. (1963). Naturally Occurring Oxygen Ring Compounds. London: Butterworths.
GUJRAL, M. et al. (1960). Oral contraceptives. Pt. I. Preliminary observations on the antifertility effect of some indigenous drugs. Indian J. Medical Research, 48, 46-51.
SALUNKE, D.K. and ADSULE, R.N. (1985). Use of plants to control human
fertility. Current Research Reporter, 1(2), 113-117.


text:
I have seen some neat bento using Ramen noodles as a background. Don't they dry out and get nasty? I would like to pack them and add some veggies to them for my son's bento in an attempt to get him to try new things. With halloween coming up, they would be great for making some "gross" bentos!
I'd suggest trying them this way:
The noodles will dry out a little and get a bit clumpy. This can be minimised by mixing them well with salad ingredients before putting into a container.
If you have a leak resistant container of the right size, I would also suggest adding the dressing (or getting your son to) just before he's ready to eat it. He can then reseal the container, give it a thorough shake, and dress the noodles and salad ingredients that way.
SissySue, for health reasons as well as taste reasons, I wouldn't recommend using ramen noodles in bentos - see this. In Japan, instant ramen is regarded as unhealthy junk food. That doesn't mean people don't eat it! But people eat potato chips, etc too. And ramen is best eaten piping hot anyway, so...if you're gonna have something unhealthy, might as well have it in the way it's the best ^_^
The Big Onigiri.
- Wherever you go, there you are. -
go for the instant soba noodles
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text:
LEGO Lord of the Rings: The Video Game next?
New figure sets revealed by LEGO at this year's Toy Fair could offer the first glimpse at the next video games based on the popular toy brand.
The Danish company is using the London event to show off its Lord of the Rings mini-figures, thanks to a licensing deal with Warner Bros – as reported by MCV's sister site Toy News last month.
Given that Warner's first Hobbit film is due this Christmas and the publisher owns LEGO developer Traveller's Tales, it's not too difficult to see where this partnership is heading.
There are also new products based on Marvel superheroes such as Hulk, Spider-Man and Captain America on the way, coinciding rather nicely with upcoming Marvel flicks, The Avengers and The Amazing Spider-Man. Why should the DC Super Heroes have all the LEGO fun?
Speaking of which, let's not forget that the first confirmation of LEGO Batman 2: Super Heroes was given away by the new DC toysets - several weeks ahead of Warner's official announcement.


text:
When "The Da Vinci Code" was released in 2006, religious types slammed the movie as blasphemous for the suggestions it was making regarding Jesus and his lineage.
I was with the minority of the people who defended it (just slightly, though), admiring the storytelling and not taking the "historical fiction" in the movie too literally. That film didn't really try to twist facts or try to suggest there was any truth to its content, especially since it was based on a painting that came hundreds of years after Jesus' time and wasn't even closely accurate to how the Last Supper actually looked.
The newly released 'Noah' movie, however, deserves no protection or defending. From anyone. Not from Christians, not from moviegoers. The film it detestable on way too many levels.
Director and writer Darren Aronofsky (of "Black Swan" fame, if that gives another indication of his visionary goals) publicly said the movie would be the least Biblical Bible movie ever made. It is. The story is so far off base, it's frustrating that he even used actual names from the Bible. I would've preferred he used all new names, gave it a different title and didn't even associate it with the Bible. That still wouldn't redeem its hilariously awful filmmaking aspects, but one egregious problem at a time.
I don't care if Aronofsky is atheist (which he said he is). I don't care if he has a Jewish background or not. And it's obvious he does; he would not use the word 'God,' but substituted the "Creator" term instead, and he refers to "Watchers," a term used, among other places, in the Book of Enoch, which is not of the Bible. I know there are other tellings of the flood story out there that differ from the Bible's version. But he makes it clear he is retelling a story from the Bible, and his mockery and blatant disregard for what the text actually gets across is insulting.
The obvious stuff is bad enough. The Bible counts eight people on the Ark: Noah, his wife, his three sons and their wives. There was less in the movie: only one son had a wife.
There was a stowaway on the boat. Really? Of course, one of Noah's sons discovers him on the boat and—get this—helps him. This is purely for the sake of the movie, as the stowaway later tries to kill Noah before the son has a sudden attack of conscience and decides to help his dad, even though they've been fighting with each other.
In the Bible, God speaks to Noah to build the ark and gives exact dimensions. The way movie Noah figures out he needs to build an ark is through interpreting his own dream and hallucinations. What a joke.
Obvious stuff aside, during the movie, Noah tells his kids the creation story. He starts by saying, "In the beginning, there was nothing." Really? God wasn't there? That's the direction Aronofsky wants to take? Throughout the movie, things that God did in the Bible were changed, as if Aronofsky wanted to exclude him almost entirely (hint: he's did). We're then treated to a montage that tosses in the theory of evolution as a possibility of where the animals came from.
It doesn't stop there. Apparently Methuselah, who was made into a crazy hermit, was a miracle worker in his own right, because he cures a woman of her barrenness. God apparently doesn't do that.
One of the biggest crimes of the movie is the treatment Noah gets. Instead of the man of faith that he was, Aronofsky turns him into a psycho killer bent on making sure mankind comes to an end, even when that means he will have to kill the newborn twins baby girls, because they could keep the human species going. This couldn't be further from the truth about God's purpose with the flood, which was to start over, not end mankind altogether. It also was frustrating because God was made out to be the bad guy, as if mankind's evil ways had nothing to do with the terrible state of affairs the world was in at the time. The film's Noah understood his purpose was to keep the animals alive, nothing more. Of course, when the moment of truth comes, Noah suddenly chooses to spare the twins' lives, even though, in his mind, that is directly contradictory to God's plan. Seriously, most of the movie makes this little amount of sense.
Strip away all the religious attachments to the movie, and it still was a pathetic, disjointed movie. The stowaway's purpose to set up a dramatic scene was coerced and contrived, and there was no emotional attachment to the sons to even care about this moment. The set pieces and CGI through the first 30 or so minutes were awful. The script writing was either clichéd in spots or incoherent the rest of the time. The only bright spots were Jennifer Connelly and Emma Watson, who did fine jobs of acting in a few scenes.
The one—and I mean, the only one—intriguing interpretation was the showing of Adam and Eve when Noah was telling his kids the creation story. Adam and Eve were seen as glowing people with light wrapped around them (before the fall, of course). Considering God is light, man was made in His image, and that the world was how He wanted it before man messed it up, I thought seeing them in sort of a surreal state-of-being was interesting.
But that one three-second scene isn't worth seeing this movie. In fact, it can't be overstated enough: don't waste time and money on this film. And here is to hoping Aronofsky is not allowed to make any more movies again.
On a final note, the Bible has many amazing stories that would make for great films (The life of King David, anyone?). But I'd rather not see them than have the scripture butchered for the sake of a blockbuster film. Hopefully someone in Hollywood will get the urge to do Bible movies the right way in the future. I've been told I need to see "God's Not Dead." I will.


text:
Herringbone Wool Blend Tailored Coat
€1,990.00 €1,990.00
All orders will be fulfilled by Burberry Limited and shipped from the UK. When you place your order, you accept Burberry's Terms and Conditions and confirm that you have read our Privacy Policy.
Size Guide
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- A double-breasted coat in Italian-woven herringbone wool blend. Exaggerated lapels balance the slim, tailored lines.
- Coat length: 115cm/45.3in. This is based on a size UK 10 as proportions change slightly according to size.
- Model's height: 175cm/5ft 9in
- Outer: 78% wool, 22% polyester
- Lining: 100% cupro
- Double-breasted closure
- Flap pockets
- Specialist dry clean
- Imported
Item 80013241
Wear this with
The Patent Leather Rope Stiletto


text:
Start Your Summer Off Right By Getting Good Sleep Habits in Place Now
People put off correcting their child's sleep because of fear of crying or because they don't know what to do. Sleep training often gets a bad reputation because people, while well intentioned, do not understand how sleep works and do not implement sleep training correctly. This often results in a lot of crying and no improvement in sleep. There have been over 30 does since 2007 showing how poor quality sleep has such a negative and harmful impact on a child's temperament, behavior and ability to learn. Not doing anything is often worse than learning how to correctly adjust sleep.
There is a real cost to both the parents and child when everyone in the family isn't sleeping well. Lack of sleep is an official form of torture and activates a person stress system. Lack of sleep in both children and adults reduces memory, reduces frustration tolerance and generally makes people cranky. For adults who's child isn't sleeping well this can result in a loss of productivity at work and reduced ability to manage frustration. Children who are not sleeping well will appear to be more cranky, hyper and aggressive. Our program will demystify sleep training and give you the confidence you need to address your sleep problems.
There is also a real benefit for parents expecting a baby to learn about sleep and to learn about sleep evolution. There is no need to worry about creating sleep problems before 16 weeks age, however you need to know what to do and what not to do when crossing that 16 week mark. Our workshop will give you tools to avoid sleep problems in the future and how to correct the most common ones that are likely to happen.
Ms. Fontana, MS, NCC, CTRT and lead therapist at All in the Family Counselling will use an evidence based approach to teach parents about sleep.
This 2-hour Workshop on how to properly sleep train your child based on clinical research on how sleep and brain development impacts a child and their sleep.
Outcome of Workshop:
- Teach you about child development as it relates to sleep
- Understand how brain development affects sleep in a child
- Clarify if attachment is impacted by sleep
- Educate you on how sleep works so that when you correct the sleep problems you'll understand the "how's" and "why's" of what you are doing
- Give you trouble shooting skills so that you can problem solve in the event of illness, jet-lag and as a child matures.
- Discuss in detail the 3 evidence based approaches to sleep training
- Q&A to discuss any questions you have on your sleep training choice.
Topics Covered
- Identify the 4 common sleep problems
- Sleep Training Options
- Reasons why sleep training fails
- Transition from cot to big bed
- Jet lag
This is an English only Workshop, there is a lot of information given in a short time, so no children are allowed at this workshop as it'll require your full attention.
Location of Talk:
55 Market Street, Level 10. Next the Bank of Singapore Building in the heart of the CDB. The workshop location is a 3 minute walk from the Raffles Place MRT.
- June 14, 2012
Start and end Time:
- Start time is 1230pm
- End time: 230pm
If you'd like to be notified of the next one, please send email to
In subject line: Future sleep training workshop
Tammy M. Fontana, MS, NCC, (USA) is the owner of Babysleepfairy.com, a sleep consulting company and the lead therapist at All in the Family Counselling (www.allinthefamilycounselling.com). For over five years, Tammy has been helping parents around the world establish good sleep habits and provide solutions for those parents who are struggling with their children's sleep. Tammy has been featured in Mother & Child magazine and Channel 5 News Asia. She provides evidence based training and action plans for parents that need sleep help and other mental health counselling services.