text:
From Parameters, Summer 2001, pp. 127-36.
R. Craig Nation, "Kosovo So Far," pp. 127-28.
Andrew Scobell, "Flashpoint Asia: The Most Dangerous Place?" pp. 129-33.
Samuel J. Newland, "The German Army at War, 1939-1945," pp. 133-36.
Ivo Daalder and Michael O'Hanlon view events through a narrow, inside-the-beltway focus in Winning Ugly: NATO's War to Save Kosovo. Their work is what it aspires to be--the policy wonk's guide to Kosovo. It will be difficult to produce a better book devoted to the anatomy of Western decisionmaking--the authors have interviewed an impressively wide range of US and NATO officials, and their analysis succeeds in bringing the reader inside the confusing and approximate world of strategic choice. Unfortunately, conclusions concerning the conflict itself are equally confusing and approximate. The book is structured around three core questions--Could war have been avoided? Did we win? and Why did Milosevic ultimately capitulate?--for which the only fair answers at present are maybe, it depends, and who knows. This does not make the attempt to address the questions irrelevant, but it should impose a kind of caution. Although critical of the way in which the war was waged, Daalder and O'Hanlon argue forcefully that it could not have been avoided in view of the aggressive intent of Belgrade, and they go to considerable length to assert that in the end "we won." This is a self-evident conclusion in one sense, and an unnecessary one in another. Judging the long-term consequences of any military engagement requires at least some time to see how events play out. The subsequent fall of the Milosevic regime, under popular pressure conjured by disillusionment with Serbia's defeat, is an important part of the story. Unfortunately, it came to pass after the publishing deadline.
In Kosovo: War and Revenge, Tim Judah casts his net wider in an attempt to examine the historical genesis of the conflict and its larger meaning for Serbs and Albanians as well as for the West. His analysis is sophisticated and his book is extremely well-written, making it relevant to a wider interested readership. Of the several general studies of the Kosovo conflict that have already appeared in Western languages, this is probably the best. Judah stays distanced from all parties to the conflict, including the Western Alliance. He provides a useful sketch of the evolution of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) from its "Enverist" roots in the early 1980s to today's Kosovo Defense Force, described by the author as "the KLA in mothballs." Most important, he is open to alternative explanations in cases where we must await the opening of archives or more extensive public testimony by responsible figures to draw definitive conclusions.
Judah takes a sharply different approach from Daalder and O'Hanlon to the key issue of the extent to which NATO bombing may actually have provoked a Serbian decision to initiate the mass expulsion of Kosovar Albanians (thereby worsening the humanitarian crisis that air strikes were designed to prevent). Winning Ugly, citing anonymous sources, represents the exodus as the consequence of a premeditated, systematically prepared, and ruthlessly executed Serbian strategic plan. Judah's conclusion is more nuanced: "Haphazard expulsion plans . . . coupled with . . . the `we'll f---- them' attitude, plus fighting, terror, a lack of food and all the other circumstances of the war led to the exodus." The former explanation is more flattering to NATO, but the latter is more appropriate given our present level of knowledge. The strategic consequences of Serbian actions are less controversial. Judah, Daalder, and O'Hanlon all agree that by provoking the exodus, whether purposefully or haphazardly, Milosevic cast down a gauntlet that the Western Alliance could not fail to pick up, solidifying public opinion in support of the war effort and virtually ensuring his own eventual defeat.
William Buckley's Kosovo: Contending Voices on Balkan Intervention focuses on legal and ethical issues. It is a collection of no less than 66 essays of extremely diverse quality, ranging from seminal analysis to pointless opining. Many of the contributions were written with the conflict still under way, and convey serious misperceptions as well as occasional misinformation. Readers may want to approach the volume selectively. Buckley's "contending voices" unfortunately produce a kind of cacophony rather than a structured approach to core issues. The ethical and humanitarian concerns that are the book's focus are significant, and will be a vital aspect of international approaches to armed conflict today and tomorrow. For that very reason they deserve a more rigorous treatment than Buckley's somewhat indulgent volume provides.
Buckley, William Joseph, ed. Kosovo: Contending Voices on Balkan Intervention. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans, 2000.
Daalder, Ivo H., and Michael E. O'Hanlon. Winning Ugly: NATO's War to Save Kosovo. Washington: Brookings Institution Press, 2000.
Judah, Tim. Kosovo: War and Revenge. New Haven, Conn.: Yale Univ. Press, 2000.
The Reviewer: Dr. R. Craig Nation is professor of strategy and former director of Russian and Eurasian studies at the US Army War College. He is coeditor of The Yugoslav War and its Implications for International Relations (1998) and has published extensively on Soviet and Russian security policy. Dr. Nation taught international relations from 1986 to 1996 with Johns Hopkins University in Bologna, Italy. He previously was a research fellow at Cornell and taught in Munich, Germany, for the University of Southern California. A graduate of Villanova University, he earned his Ph.D. in history at Duke University.
"The most dangerous place in the world today . . . is the Indian subcontinent and the line of control in Kashmir." -- President Bill Clinton, March 2000.
"Korea is the single biggest flashpoint. . . ." -- Admiral Dennis Blair, CINCPAC, March 2000
"The situation [in the Taiwan Strait] could lead to a crisis more dangerous than any of the other crises." -- Dr. William Perry, April 2000.Where is the world's most dangerous place? The odds-on favorite would be an Asian locale. While conflicts in the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa persist with varying intensities, with the exception of the Middle East these flashpoints appear unlikely to explode into a major interstate war. Certainly a strong case could be made for any one of the following three: the Korean Peninsula, the Taiwan Strait, or the Vale of Kashmir.
Yet one could argue that Asia as a continent is a dangerous and volatile neighborhood. Asia contains seven of the ten largest militaries in the world and four of the world's seven declared nuclear powers, not to mention several failing states whose dismemberment or collapse would reverberate across the continent. This essay considers five books, all but one of which focus on a specific flashpoint or sub-region.
The exception is Parallax Visions, a fascinating collection of essays on late-20th-century Asian history and contemporary Asian affairs written by Bruce Cumings, one of the foremost academic experts on US-East Asia relations. A maverick scholar, Cumings is likely to be at odds with many in the defense intellectual community, but he deserves to be heard. As the United States confronts a complex and unpredictable post-Cold War Asia, his is precisely the kind of thinking about US involvement in the region that military and civilian strategists must contemplate if they are to come to grips with the new realities there. Parallax Visions forces the reader to revisit unpleasant dimensions in the Pacific War and to reconsider how we view North Korea. Chapter two should be required reading for any lesson on just war--particularly the sections on how the Pacific War began and ended. Chapter five, meanwhile, should be read by anyone seeking a fuller understanding of the standoff on the Korean peninsula.
On the subject of Korea, a thick volume by Australian journalist Adrian Buzo concentrates on the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Guerilla Dynasty examines what lies at the heart of the more than half a century of tensions on the Korean peninsula: the nature and security calculus of the Pyongyang regime. In the course of displaying his encyclopedic knowledge of North Korea, Buzo demonstrates that the regime is much more than a fragile one-man dictatorship teetering on the brink of collapse. Pyongyang is in fact a highly institutionalized and heavily militarized party-state with considerable staying power, what Buzo calls the "Kimist system." These elements help explain the smooth father-son leadership transition from Kim Il Sung to Kim Jong Il, the pervasive influence of the military, and the resilience of the regime in the face of protracted economic crisis.
Guerilla Dynasty was written before last year's dramatic North-South rapprochement on the peninsula and thawing in Washington-Pyongyang relations--a remarkable turn of events. The summit between South Korean President Kim Dae Jung and his North Korean counterpart Kim Jong Il, the family reunions, Vice Chairman Jo Myong Rok's visit to Washington, and Secretary of State Madeleine Albright's trip to Pyongyang all occurred within the span of six months. While there has been a significant decrease in the likelihood of a war, and while the long-term outlook on the peninsula is hopeful, this book provides several important admonitions. First, the North Korean regime is unlikely to shed its militaristic bent easily. True to its guerrilla roots, core legitimizing values, and systemic orientation, Pyongyang will be extremely resistant to relinquishing its nuclear or missile programs or to reducing the size of its armed forces. Second, significant reform in the north under this regime is likely to be glacial and may well be left to Kim Jong Il's successor. "Kim is unlikely to be an agent of change." Third, the party-state cannot continue to exist indefinitely because it is faced with a systemic crisis and hence is inherently unstable. As a result, "convulsive forms of change" are very possible. This is not to say that it will be impossible for Pyongyang to reform its system and moderate its approach to national security but, rather, to underscore the barriers to either of these changes occurring in the short term.
Crisis in the Taiwan Strait is a collection of thought-provoking papers by experts analyzing the 1995-96 Taiwan Strait Crisis, compiled by one of the most astute observers of East Asian geopolitics. The overall tone of Zhao Suisheng's edited volume is sobering, dramatically captured in the foreword where Andrew Nathan contends that the Taiwan Strait remains "one of the most dangerous hot spots in the post-Cold War world." The anxiety of the contributors seems justified by developments since the book's publication. A mini-crisis blew up in mid-1999 when the words of then Taiwanese President Lee Teng-hui inflamed the sensibilities of Chinese leaders. This incident was overshadowed by the March 2000 election of President Chen Shui-bian, which signaled a landmark development in terms of both Taiwan's democratic development and cross-strait politics. Chen's victory was a shocking result for Beijing because it marked the ouster of the incumbent Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) and the assumption of power of the opposition Democratic Progressive Party, a party historically committed to Taiwanese independence. China was concerned enough to issue a White Paper on Taiwan policy weeks before the election. The document added a third justification for the use of force: in addition to a declaration of independence by the island and intervention by foreign military forces, China now officially views deliberate procrastination on negotiations as grounds for a military operation against Taiwan. The calm in the Taiwan Strait is probably temporary: Beijing has been on its best behavior since Chen's election to help ensure China is successful in its quest to join the World Trade Organization at the earliest possible date.
National unification with Taiwan is so central a national security objective to Beijing and one that has been so hyped during the past decade that China's leaders are under pressure to show tangible progress. The return of Hong Kong and Macao in 1997 and 1999, respectively, and the attendant official buildup surrounding these events only serve to highlight the lack of real progress on realizing unification with Taiwan. Moreover, China's leaders believe they have been very patient, most reasonable, and extremely generous in the terms they have offered Taiwan but, in return, have received only deception and deceit. Taiwanese leaders, in the view of China's rulers, have sought to subvert Beijing's good-faith efforts and have covertly gone about pursuing independence in collusion with the United States. The bottom line is that China does not trust Taiwan: President Chen Shui-bian is seen as totally unreliable.
In this context, a look back at the 1995-96 Taiwan Strait Crisis is instructive. You Ji's chapter in Zhao's volume is the best single analysis of the Chinese domestic political dimension of the crisis to be found in the English language. You's nuanced and masterful explication debunks many of the myths surrounding the crisis. Meanwhile, Chinese scholar Chen Qimao's contribution to Across the Taiwan Strait is the most articulate and authoritative scholarly elaboration of Beijing's position on Taiwan available anywhere. Chen's chapter makes very clear that the road ahead is fraught with challenges. Even under the best of circumstances, if the two sides sit down to talk, negotiations will be "difficult, arduous, and protracted." In a worst-case scenario, where China and Taiwan fail to reconcile and do not begin to negotiate, the result would most likely be war. In an intermediate scenario, what Chen considers "very possible," the strait would be racked by "continuous tensions." Editor Zhao, in one of his three contributions, similarly views a future whereby "the cross-strait relationship [may be caught in] a vicious cycle of peace and coercion."
The matter of a military conflagration in South Asia is directly addressed in War at the Top of the World. Veteran reporter Eric Margolis takes the reader to some of the most remote and inhospitable terrain on earth--Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir, and Tibet--to visit the battle zones. Margolis writes vividly and persuasively about the civil war in Afghanistan and the low-intensity conflict in Kashmir. His concern over the specter of a larger war between India and Pakistan, possibly escalating to a nuclear confrontation, is frighteningly plausible. Chapters 10 and 14, aptly titled "The World's Most Dangerous Border" and "The Hatred of Brothers," highlight the potential of a larger conflict, underscore the frailty of Pakistan, and address the likelihood of recourse to nuclear weapons in the event of a crisis.
Margolis is on shakier ground, however, when he talks of India and China being "on a geopolitical collision course." The odds of a war between Beijing and New Delhi are slim because both governments recognize it would be folly--a war in the Himalayas is a no-win situation for all concerned. Moreover, the leaders of both countries have more immediate concerns: China with ethnic minorities in its border regions, unrest in Central Asia, and the Taiwan Strait, while India is preoccupied with Pakistan and domestically with economic development and ethnic tensions. Furthermore, relations between India and China in the wake of the nuclear tests of May 1998 are much better than most experts would have predicted. The prospect of an intensification of the low-level conflict between rebellious Tibetans and Chinese occupation forces seems small for the foreseeable future, and the chance of such a confrontation escalating into a war between China and India seems highly unlikely. Thus the basis for Margolis's assertion that "the two great powers . . . must eventually fight for mastery of Asia" seems to be journalistic hype rather than sound analysis.
The nuclear dimension in South Asia is more comprehensible as a result of George Perkovich's painstaking research and lucid writing. India's Nuclear Bomb is a tour de force study that underscores the necessity of appreciating the internal dynamics leading a country, in this case India, to pursue its own Manhattan Project. Perkovich highlights the critical role played by a group of scientists and bureaucrats in this undertaking--what he dubs the "strategic enclave." His persuasive thesis is that New Delhi's quest for nuclear weapons was primarily driven by domestic politics. The uneven pace of this development was determined by the predilections of successive prime ministers and the desire of top scientists and bureaucrats for international prestige and status that were believed to spring from possessing nuclear weapons. Because the logic driving India's acquisition of a nuclear capability does not jibe with US assumptions about the proliferation dynamic, it calls into question Washington's arms control strategy. Those seeking to understand India's long and plodding journey to nuclearization should read the entire volume. Those who are simply interested in the larger lessons the case study offers for countering proliferation need simply read the conclusion.
The fundamental fear of many analysts is that the ongoing tensions between Islamabad and New Delhi, the frequent localized skirmishes between Indian and Pakistani troops, and the ongoing struggle between Muslim militants supported from Pakistan against Indian security forces in strife-torn Kashmir could easily escalate into a full-scale conventional war and ultimately into nuclear war. The concern seems valid given the poor command and control over nuclear forces in India and Pakistan, and in the absence of good intelligence both sides could stumble into a war as they almost did over India's "Exercise Brasstacks" in 1986-87 and again in 1990 over tensions in Kashmir.
Each of the flashpoints--Korea, Taiwan, and Kashmir--presents a different kind of danger to Asia and the United States. Significantly, all three represent the legacies of half-century-old unresolved civil conflicts. For the moment, Korea poses the most immediate danger to the United States, since US forces continue to be deployed at the tripwire of the 38th Parallel. The outbreak of hostilities in Korea would automatically embroil the United States in war. The Taiwan Strait is a flashpoint of growing tensions. While the use of force against Taiwan does not directly threaten US forces, it does threaten to draw US forces from the Pacific Command into a Beijing-Taipei conflict and escalate into a larger conflagration between Beijing and Washington. A war over Kashmir, meanwhile, does not threaten to directly involve US forces or vital US interests. The most serious fallout (figuratively and literally) would be in the event of a nuclear war between India and Pakistan. The first-ever "hot" war between nuclear powers would be devastating in terms of the death and destruction wrought on the region and the damage to global nonproliferation efforts. Anyone interested in gaining a sound grasp of contemporary Asian security is urged to consult the five books under review here--the investment will be richly rewarded.
Buzo, Adrian. The Guerilla Dynasty: Politics and Leadership in North Korea. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1999.
Cumings, Bruce. Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American-East Asian Relations at the End of the Century. Durham, N.C.: Duke Univ. Press, 1999.
Margolis, Eric S. War at the Top of the World: The Struggle for Afghanistan, Kashmir, and Tibet. New York: Routledge, 2000.
Perkovich, George. India's Nuclear Bomb: The Impact on Global Proliferation. Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of California Press, 1999.
Zhao, Suisheng, ed. Across the Taiwan Strait: Mainland China, Taiwan, and the 1995-1996 Crisis. New York: Routledge, 1999.
The Reviewer: Dr. Andrew Scobell is associate research professor in the Strategic Studies Institute at the US Army War College, where he focuses on political and military trends in the Asia-Pacific. His work has appeared in such journals as Armed Forces and Society, Asian Survey, China Quarterly, Comparative Politics, the Journal of Political and Military Sociology, and Political Science Quarterly. He holds a Ph.D. in political science from Columbia University.
One recent release which adds to our understanding of Germany in war and will intrigue American audiences is Gottlob H. Bidermann's In Deadly Combat: A German Soldier's Memoir of the Eastern Front. The book was originally published privately in 1964 but was available only in German. An excellent translation, with the author providing additional materials, is now provided by Derek Zumbro, giving American readers much greater access to this classic. The importance of Bidermann's memoir to German historians is evidenced by the fact that Dr. Dennis Showalter, a renowned scholar on the subject, consented to write the preface to the English edition.
The allure of this book is in Bidermann's descriptions of the magnitude of the conflict that occurred on the Eastern Front, supported by the individual dramas that played out daily. Bidermann is eminently qualified to provide these descriptions. With the war in the east only a week old, Bidermann was one of the three million soldiers who disembarked on a seemingly endless journey eastward. He began as an enlisted man in an anti-tank gun crew with the German 132d Infantry Division as it moved across southern Russia. His unit fought in this area during the sieges of the Crimea and Sevastopol. With the Crimea in German hands--after a bloodbath for both armies--the 132d was shifted north to the Leningrad front. There it remained engaged until the end of the war, when it surrendered in the Kurland pocket. Bidermann and thousands of his comrades became prisoners of war in Russia, a fate as fearsome as death itself. Bidermann was released from captivity in the summer of 1948, terribly ill but still a survivor.
What distinguishes Bidermann's book are his soldier's insights on the German army and the Eastern Front. Bidermann started the war as a common soldier, a Landser, and finished it as a gun captain. He was wounded seven times and repeatedly decorated for valor. Though he finished the war as an officer, however, he came home devoted not to the National Socialist regime but to the men with whom he fought. He wrote the book for the survivors of the 132d. Many, like the author, were still trying to come to grips with the war, the savagery of the Eastern Front, and the misery of captivity under the Soviets. Rather than glorifying the war as Germany's eastern crusade, Bidermann looks at the lives and the feelings of the soldiers as they relate to their adversaries and the battles they fought. As he notes for the reader, some say "one may become accustomed to the threat or constant presence of death," but for Bidermann and his comrades, the cries of the dead and dying, both friendly and foe, "are often heard long after the guns are silent."
Geoffrey Megargee provides another perspective on a different level of war with his new book, Inside Hitler's High Command. While any reader who enjoys military history will find this an engaging book, Megargee gives the serious student of military history valuable insight into the German high command. Megargee holds a doctorate in military history from Ohio State University, and he does not disappoint the reader with his thoughtful analysis. From the outset he is focused on providing the reader a clear picture of the German high command, in the process correcting some myths that have been erroneously repeated.
One such myth is particularly persistent. After the war the senior officers of the defeated Wehrmacht, repeatedly interrogated by the intelligence community as well as the US Army's historical services division, promoted the myth that so many of the military failures that befell Germany were the result of Hitler's continual meddling in German military matters. The implication is that if Hitler and his political leadership would have left strategy and the employment of military forces in the field to the professionals, the trained General Staff officers, Germany would have fared much better during her World War II campaigns. Regrettably, over the years innumerable writers have accepted this rationalization for German failures. Skillfully, and with documented sources, Megargee shows that much of this is simply that--a rationalization with little basis in fact. From virtually the beginning of the National Socialist era, Hitler's generals were not in opposition to his schemes but supported him. Even those who would later oppose him and even tried to assassinate him, like Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, initially supported him--and did so emphatically. When Hitler's expansionistic plans began to result in disasters with the overextension of Germany's military forces, however, the rationalization of blaming Hitler for his inept military leadership became commonplace. Megargee admits that for the informed reader of German military history, his interpretation is nothing really new or original. Rather, his contribution is that he researches, organizes, and documents in one book the reality that both Hitler and his generals were responsible for Germany's military failures. Having asserted and documented this fact, Megargee then provides examples. He shows how poor staff work and faulty assumptions resulted in major errors in the campaign against the Soviet Union as well as in several other campaigns.
Megargee does offer one new and very significant insight, however. He returns to the era of Helmut von Moltke and Alfred von Schlieffen and finds that for essentially a hundred years, the German General Staff promoted the concept that only they were skilled and educated enough to make decisions on military strategies and operations. To the contrary, Megargee correctly concludes that in terms of higher strategy issues, this caste of officers was remarkably inept, particularly when it came to the relationship of ends (objectives) to means (resources). Thus, in their studies they tended to focus on the operational aspects of war rather than trying to improve their global strategy. As a consequence, in the wake of World War I and in preparation for World War II the German army did not question basic strategic assumptions, but rather focused on how they could better wage war through improvements in maneuverability, speed, tactics, and weapon systems. This was a basic failure on the part of the senior German officer corps and their General Staff. Michael Geyer, in his essay in Peter Paret's Makers of Modern Strategy From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age, tells readers that systematic strategic planning stopped in Germany in the late 1930s, but Megargee seriously questions if systematic strategic planning was ever competently done. This book is written for those serious students of the military art.
Louis Kilzer, an investigative reporter, attempts to take readers to another level of war with his examination of the politics and personalities in Hitler's headquarters in his book, Hitler's Traitor: Martin Bormann and the Defeat of the Third Reich. Since the war's end, students of the Third Reich's history have been fascinated both by a supposed traitor in the Nazi hierarchy, a Soviet agent code-named "Werther," and the personality and politics of Hitler's Party Secretary, Martin Bormann. Kilzer, with the techniques of his craft, attempts to prove that Bormann was in fact the traitor Werther, who fed countless pieces of information to the Soviets, thus making him one of Nazi Germany's most notorious turncoats.
Bormann remains an interesting personality in Hitler's inner circle. His confidential letters to his wife, published after the war, proved him to be a totally amoral person dedicated only to the maintenance of his personal power and pleasures. That he might have been a Soviet spy is not an original accusation. Earlier writers and members of the inner council of the National Socialist regime questioned Bormann's loyalty. Some, indeed, accused him of being a Soviet agent. Kilzer's book adds little if anything to our understanding of Bormann or to the validity of these charges. A review of the bibliography in many respects reveals why. There are no citations from any German sources other than English translations, and none from any German archive. By and large all of Kilzer's sources are well-used postwar books and studies. Only the "Black Bertha file" in Moscow shows any real original primary research in the overseas archives where any new revelations on this subject undoubtedly lie, if they exist.
As a consequence, the reader is presented with a rehash of the Soviet spy rings that penetrated German security (most notably the notorious "Rote Kapelle" that fed Stalin key intelligence information) and a rather rambling account of Germany's war against the Soviets. In the end, the author attempts to validate that the key spy in the highest echelons of the German command was Martin Bormann. But Kilzer fails to provide proof for his accusations. In the end the proof seems to be: "Who else could it have been?" No smoking gun is produced, a factor that has caused earlier writers to question whether there even was an agent named Werther. The discriminating reader is again left with the same questions that have existed since the end of the war: Was there a Soviet agent code-named Werther? If so, who was he? Was it Martin Bormann, or possibly General Hans Oster, another German officer dedicated to destroying Hitler? We still don't know the answers.
Of the three books under review, two--In Deadly Combat and Inside Hitler's Command--offer excellent reads for the student of military history. Both of these show that even after more than 50 years, there is still much to learn about our former adversary, the German army of World War II.
Bidermann, Gottlob Herbert. In Deadly Combat: A German Soldier's Memoir of the Eastern Front, trans. Derek Zumbro. Lawrence: Univ. Press of Kansas, 2000.
Kilzer, Louis. Hitler's Traitor: Martin Bormann and the Defeat of the Reich. Novato, Calif.: Presidio, 2000.
Megargee, Geoffrey P. Inside Hitler's High Command. Lawrence: Univ. Press of Kansas, 2000.
The Reviewer: Dr. Samuel J. Newland is a professor of military education in the Department of Distance Education, US Army War College. He holds M.Phil. and Ph.D. degrees in history from the University of Kansas, as well as an M.A. in history from Pittsburg (Kans.) State University.
Reviewed 7 May 2001. Please send comments or corrections to email@example.com


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ROSEMONT, Ill. — The Chicago Wolves and Rockford IceHogs traded goals for two periods, but Mark Mancari bagged two third-period markers in 57 seconds to give the Wolves a 4-2 Illinois Lottery Cup victory in their third "School Day Game" Wednesday afternoon at the Allstate Arena.
Forwards Michael Davies and Victor Oreskovich also scored for Chicago, which won for the eighth time in its last nine home games and moved within one point of first place in the Midwest Division.
"Mancari had a great game today, especially in the third period," said Wolves Head Coach Craig MacTavish. "He showed a lot of leadership and his two goals were a direct result of hustle."
With Chicago and Rockford deadlocked at 2-2 after 40 minutes of play, the Wolves grabbed control of the game with Mancari's two markers in the third period.
Chicago (20-12-1-3) broke the tie at 9:37 of the final frame when Mancari stripped an IceHogs defender of the puck at the side of the net and stuffed it between the post and the outstretched pads of Rockford goaltender Alec Richards.
Mancari gave the Wolves a 4-2 advantage just 57 seconds later. Forward Nathan Longpre's shot from the top of the crease was kicked away by Richards, but Mancari scooped up the rebound and slid the puck through the crease as it trickled over the goal line at 10:34. That gave Mancari 12 goals in his last 11 appearances with the Wolves.
Chicago opened scoring on the power play when Davies collected a loose puck in the high slot and snapped a shot that deflected off the leg of a Rockford defender and over Richards' stick.
Rockford (13-20-1-3) tied the score just 1:18 later. Left wing Jeremy Morin and center Brandon Pirri skated in on a two-on-one break and Pirri slid a pass across the slot to Morin, who one-timed a shot past Wolves goaltender Matt Climie.
The Wolves jumped ahead 2-1 at 14:29 of the opening frame. Defensemen Adam Polasek and Ryan Parent each swatted at a bouncing puck in the slot and Richards blocked Parent's shot, but the rebound laid in the crease and Oreskovich tapped it into an empty net.
Richards (6-11-2) finished with 23 saves.
The IceHogs tied the score with Morin's second goal of the night. Right wing Chris DiDomenico's shot from the slot bounced off the back boards and right to Morin at the side of the crease. He deposited the puck into an empty net at 7:04 of the second stanza.
Climie (11-5-0) thwarted 26 shots to win for the fifth time in his last six starts.
Chicago continues its season-high six-game homestand with a pair of games this weekend, starting with an Amtrak Rivalry contest against the Milwaukee Admirals at 7:30 p.m. Friday at the Allstate Arena.
Rockford 1 1 0 — 2
Chicago 2 0 2 — 4
First Period—1, Chicago, Davies 1 (Schroeder), 11:09 pp; 2, Rockford, Morin 7 (Pirri, Connelly), 11:09; 3, Chicago, Oreskovich 7 (Parent, Polasek), 14:29. Penalties—Testwuide, Chicago (roughing), 3:14; Baumgartner, Chicago (hooking), 4:28; Bollig, Rockford (fighting), 6:44; Clackson, Chicago (fighting), 6:44; DiDomenico, Rockford (slashing), 8:29; Connelly, Rockford (holding), 11:48; Testwuide, Chicago (holding), 17:59.
Second Period—4, Rockford, Morin 8 (DiDomenico, Pirri), 7:04. Penalties—Fahey, Rockford (tripping), 8:20; Fahey, Rockford (elbowing), 18:02; Segal, Rockford (cross-checking), 19:48.
Third Period—5, Chicago, Mancari 15 (Reinprecht), 9:37; 6, Chicago, Mancari 16 (Longpre, Sauve), 10:34. Penalties—Connauton, Chicago (interference), 0:20; Froese, Rockford (slashing), 1:36; Connelly, Rockford (slashing), 5:34.
Shots on goal—Rockford: 15-6-7–28. Chicago: 7-9-11–27. Power plays—Rockford: 0-3. Chicago: 1-7. Goalies—Rockford, Richards (23-27). Chicago, Climie (26-28). A—6,113. Referees—Darcy Burchell and Keith Kaval. Linesmen—Mathieu Chenier and Matt MacPherson.

subset: commoncrawl


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|April 24, 2005, 04:43 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: March 27, 2005
Posts: 121
Problems shooting my new.45
I've shot lots of rifles and I have a Marlin .30-.30, BUT my new Ruger P90 .45 is a new animal to me. For one thing when I aim my rifle I put the target on the TIP of the end sight. The .45 seams to aim better if I put the end Dot ON the target and cover it. Is this normal for a handgun? I also have a bad tendence to pull the barrel downward just before or as I pull the trigger, so my shots are low. I need to work on that. Any suggestions??
|April 24, 2005, 05:54 PM
Join Date: February 12, 2001
Location: DFW Area
Posts: 21,830
The ammo you're using will have a marked effect on the point of impact.
|April 24, 2005, 05:57 PM
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Join Date: March 27, 2005
Posts: 121
I wouldn't think so at 25'.
|April 24, 2005, 06:16 PM
Join Date: February 12, 2001
Location: DFW Area
Posts: 21,830
|April 24, 2005, 06:54 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: January 20, 2005
Posts: 1,718
My P97 is the same way. Front dot is right ON the target.
As for your flinch, you just need to practice at home by putting a coin on the end of the barrel and dry-fire the gun a LOT until you can do it easily without letting coin fall off. By doing this at home, you are training yourself mentally and you'll find it endlessly helpful at the shooting range. Have fun with your Ruger - it's a tough gun.
|April 24, 2005, 07:03 PM
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Join Date: February 14, 2005
Location: Miami, Fl (Northern Cuba)
Posts: 197
Buy some snapcaps and practice by dry firing, its cheap and helps a lot.
#20 Tony Stewart
|April 24, 2005, 07:07 PM
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Join Date: March 27, 2005
Posts: 121
I found this on the net it describes my problem:
"Milking," taken from the hand's movement when milking a cow's udder, occurs when the index finger closes on the trigger and the other fingers sympathetically close with it, changing the grasp and pulling the sights off target. Most commonly, this will pull the shot low and to the side of what you were aiming at. It is a function called "interlimb response." When one finger closes, the other fingers want to close with it.
Also, what are snapcaps?????
|April 24, 2005, 07:20 PM
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Join Date: April 24, 2005
Posts: 172
Most handguns are set for a point-of-aim shot, not a 6 o'clock hold, and they are usually sighted in for about 25 yards. If you are shooting at 25', the bullet is still on its way up to the point of the trajectory the sights are set for, and therefore hits low. The same thing would happen with a 9mm or some other caliber that has a higher velocity, but you wouldn't notice it as much because faster bullets mean longer, flatter trajectories. The .45 has a slow bullet and a looping trajectory, so the difference is more notable. If you ever take a 50 yard shot, you will probably notice your shots dropping in about 6 to 8 inches below your point of aim, as they have passed the midpoint of the trajectory and are on their way down.
Your problem with flinching and dragging the muzzle down is the bane of handgun shooters: recoil sensitivity. In training, I've found most shooters respond well to the old ball-and-dummy drills. This works easier with a revolver, but can be done with an auto if you have some commercially available dummy rounds or a buddy to help you. To do the drill, you load several mags from a pocket containing live rounds and dummies without looking, so you never know if you are getting a dummy or a live round. When shooting, sometimes you get a shot, sometimes a click. If flinching is your problem, when you get a click you will drag the muzzle down. As you continue, you will gradually stop flinching. Another way to do the drill is to have a buddy load for you, out of your sight. Sometimes he loads a round, sometimes not. When he hands you the gun, you fire and you get the same effect. This way is a bit time intensive, but you don't need to buy dummy rounds.
Starting handguns with a .45 is a little tough. Good luck.
|April 24, 2005, 07:22 PM
Join Date: March 1, 2005
Posts: 41
You are
Learning a new disclipline, and it requires that you receive a education relating to your new endeavors. Much help is available as are courses to assist you over/through some hurdles before you. A handgun is an entirely different animal then a rifle and shotgun. Distances will be very much limited to 25 yards and under, in fact for the first few sessions 10 yards are more then enough. Many things enter into satisfactory accurancy. A course or shooting school isn't out side the bounds of possibility, if you desire to shoot well rather quickly. Things such as recoil anticipation can cause low hits, Not just "milking". Seek help from a knowledgable shooter if available and practice as much as practical. Lastly enjoy you efforts.
|April 25, 2005, 10:52 AM
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. . . and, by the way, it's a .45 ACP, not a .45 (entirely different round).
Μολών λαβέ!
|April 25, 2005, 11:47 AM
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I didn't know that. What's the differance and what does ACP stand for.
|April 25, 2005, 12:59 PM
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Glad you asked.
The .45 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol) was developed for the US Army for Browning's renowned 1911/1911A1 autoloader almost 100 years ago. Fundamentally (there are several exceptions to this generalization, but I'm trying to provide the "basics" is this reply), it is used in semiautomatic pistols. Normally, the .45 ACP has a mass of 180 to 230 grains and a muzzle velocity approximating 850 FPS. It epitomizes the "big, slow" school of handgun shooting; many individuals -- I am one -- feel it is the "standard of comparison" for all semiautomatic sidearms.
The .45 Colt (sometime erroneously called the .45 Long Colt) originates from the mid/late-1800s. It is a revolver round and the cartridge is considerably larger than the .45 ACP's. Initially, it was the "peacemaker" of the Western frontier and was made famous is for its potency in single action revolvers (such as Colt's Single Action Army model). Despite its age, it remains a very useful and viable revolver round, especially due to its flexibility. More specifically, at low-pressure loadings, it has ballistics similar to the .45 ACP P+ (for example, a 200 grain projectile with a muzzle velocity of 1100+ FPS). However, at its higher-pressure loadings (probably not suitable for many revolvers other than modern Rugers) the .45 Colt's ballistics approximate the .44 magnum's -- it is a real "stopper".
Many people call the far-more-common semiautomatic round the ".45 Colt", but as you can see, that is wrong and confusing, since they are two distinctly different cartridges.
You may want to check the TFL archives (under "Search") for much greater and more detailed information. You may also want to review reloading manuals for sizes and the reloading/ballistic specifications applicable to these two rounds.
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|April 25, 2005, 01:12 PM
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Posts: 121
Now that sounded like an educated answer. Thanks, now the you mention the .45 revolver cartridge it kinda clicked as to the differance. Thanks again.
|April 25, 2005, 01:19 PM
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Posts: 3,342
There are a number of items in pistol shooting that are very different than long guns. The platform is not nearly as stable amking accurate shooting harder. Another thing is that the bore axis is well above the point of support. This causes the muzzle to rotate upwards when fired. Faster ammunition often strikes lower on the target since there is not as much time for the gun to rotate upward before the bullet exits. Slower ammunition often strikes higher on the target for the same reason, more bore time allowing the gn to move further.
If you have never fired a handgun extensively you might consider getting a .22. The ammunition is cheaper then even handloads, adn it is an excellent way to learn the ins and outs of accurate pistol shooting before having to deal with the recoil of a larger gun.
|April 25, 2005, 01:47 PM
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Snap caps are dummy rounds, sometimes with spring loaded primer sections. These are used so that the firing pin has something to hit. Most centerfire weapons can be dry fired without any problem, not the case with many rimfire pistols and rifles. Dryfiring these can cause firing pin damage. Most manufacturers will specify whether dryfiring will cause harm.
|April 25, 2005, 01:55 PM
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dry fire your ruger, in double action. will greatly increase your grip strength and trigger finger control. take careful note as you are dryfiring how much the front sight moves. your goal is to have no movement at all during the trigger pull all the way until after the hammer drops.
spending the last week dryfiring my sig 229 has done wonders for how well i shoot with my kimber. i no longer pull my shots to the low left! nor do i heel them to the right! i rule!
you may also wish to rethink your shooting stance. if i try to use a weaver, i'm all over the place. i have to use isocoles if i want accuracy.
"Every man alone is sincere; at the entrance of a second person hypocrisy begins." - Ralph Waldo Emerson
"People demand freedom of speech as a compensation for the freedom of thought which they seldom use." - Soren Kierkegaard
|April 25, 2005, 02:09 PM
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Join Date: March 27, 2005
Posts: 121
I had a .357 S&W with a 8 3/8" barrel a LONG time ago and I don't remember having the problem I'm having now. Maybe I just need to get in some more shooting time with it.
|April 25, 2005, 02:34 PM
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this is what i found helped. practise your draw and learn where the gun naturally points when you do so. ive been working on this for months. eventually you dont use the sights anymore because you are so familiar with where the gun points. i pulled a 3 round 3/4" group on the range 2 weeks ago in the middle of the target's "face".
|April 25, 2005, 02:46 PM
Join Date: April 5, 2005
Location: CO
Posts: 82
When I started shooting I found that I was trying to tense my muscles too much to stabilize the pistol. Try putting the sights on target, then close your eyes for 10 seconds and see if they move. If so, make an effort to find a position that lets you hold the pistol steady while tensing as few muscles as possible (IMHO Weaver is best for this).
|April 27, 2005, 11:35 AM
Join Date: April 26, 2005
Location: Virginia
Posts: 52
I think the use of "Long Colt" was taken from the .38 Long Colt and just stuck to it's .45 caliber brother.
Learn more about calibers at
Garbage Man
Recycle, Garbage is a terrible thing to Waste.
|May 1, 2005, 06:07 PM
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Posts: 1,874
If you don't think that the type of ammo you use makes a difference even at 25 feet you got a lot to learn.You just blew a guy off with over 2500 posts who was trying to help?????????????
|May 1, 2005, 10:36 PM
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Join Date: March 27, 2005
Posts: 121
All I said was "I wouldn't think so at 25'". I don't think that's blowing someone off. Who made you his caretaker anyway?
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In 1992, Deng Xiaoping, architect of China's reform and opening up, toured some cities in south China. During the trip, he made remarks urging the whole nation to be bold in pushing forward reform and opening to the outside world. His milestone remarks led to double-digit economic growth in the 10 years between 1992 and 2002. Some people abroad were astonished. They wondered where China was going. Would China follow the footsteps of industrialized countries or the former Soviet Union?
To answer their questions and worries, I devoted much of my time to the studies of Chinese history and the history of the rise of former colonial powers and the Soviet Union. The result of my studies can be seen in my thesis on China's peaceful rise that I put forward in 2002. Given the experience of the Chinese nation and the changes in international situation, China, I argued, is bound to take the path of peaceful rise.
China's peaceful rise does not just concern China alone. In handling international relations, therefore, I believe we need a new approach. That was why I have proposed that China should build on its "convergence of interests" with other countries and devote its effort to building "communities of interests" in various fields and at various levels.
The world today is different from that of the 20th and 19th centuries. Thanks to globalization, the interests of various countries are so interwoven that one country's misfortune or crisis may spread to or affect other countries. There are more and more convergences of interests in the world. To enlarge on those areas of overlapping interests is to add bricks to the building of communities of interests.
In this second decade of the 21st century, China, Europe, and the United States all face daunting challenges at home. Domestic challenges far outweigh security challenges from abroad.
For China, development and stability remain top on the agenda. At present, the rising inflation rate, exchange-rate pressure on the Chinese currency (RMB), real estate bubbles, and the yawning gap between the rich and poor call for urgent solutions. In the longer term, economic restructuring; advancement in science, technology and education; and improvement of social governance, such as a comprehensive health and welfare system, are the three tasks of fundamental significance that we have to fulfill.
The most pressing problem in the United States is not security but the serious economic challenges – staggering government debts at both federal and state levels, unbalanced budgets, unstable economic growth, insufficient investment, high unemployment, and lack of confidence in the US dollar.
Europe's most serious challenges come from within the European Union itself, rather than from other parts of the world. European countries face the pressing task of balancing budgets, sovereign debt repayment, economic recovery, and raising its international competitiveness.
To address our respective challenges, we all need a stable external environment, gradual reform of the international system, and a moderate approach to global governance.
Herein lies our greatest common interest. If China, the United States, and Europe all consider the stability of the other side and that of the international system as in their own interest, then a solid foundation can be laid for building communities of interests among us.
China is a major trade partner of both the United States, the biggest economy in the world, and Europe, the biggest economic grouping. Our economies are highly interdependent with each other. China, for example, holds a foreign currency reserve worth of $3.2 trillion US. It needs an outlet.
Appreciation of RMB is no way out. Investment benefits all. The United States and Europe are devoting great efforts to creating jobs. If Chinese enterprises can invest more in the US and Europe, there will be more jobs for the Americans and Europeans. In the other direction, there are also great opportunities for American and European business people to invest in China. What is important is to reduce and even tear down trade and investment barriers. In order to maintain stability of the world economy, we also need to strengthen consultations about the reform of the monetary system and financial regulation system.
Indeed, there are many other areas where our interests converge. Climate change and clean energy are two promising areas of cooperation. China and the US are the two biggest energy consumers, oil importers, and carbon emitters. Europe is also highly dependent on oil imports, which will reach 70 percent of its energy consumption in 2030.
Clean energy cooperation can offer great possibilities for our economic growth and technological innovation to the benefit of all sides. Other areas of converging interest include security in cyberspace, outer space, and maritime zones. These are areas that have a bearing on the security of mankind as a whole. They should be considered as "common spaces," or, in more economic jargon, "global public goods." It is necessary to establish common rules and ways of operation in all these areas through consensus.
We also have a shared interest in nontraditional security areas such as counterterrorism and in maintaining stability in the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia.
With regard to security in East Asia (Northeast and Southeast Asia), there is a lot that China and the US can do together to maintain stability there and prevent any accident from evolving into an international crisis on the Korean peninsula. Although there are divergent interests and disputes, all countries concerned have realized that maintaining peace and stability and protecting shipping safety in the South China Sea is in their best interests.
To build communities of interests, it is essential first of all to carefully handle issues sensitive to each other. Stability of Taiwan and the Taiwan Strait accords with everyone's interest. China-US cooperation in this area is far from satisfactory. US arms sale to Taiwan remain a sensitive issue in bilateral relations. The two sides should try to solve it through consultation rather than letting it undermine our comprehensive cooperation.
Building communities of interests is a long process. Disputes and divergences among us may surface here and there. But as long as we are committed to the building of communities of interests, we can surely find a solution. Otherwise, a confrontational relationship will only derail our efforts to address our domestic challenges and cause international tension.
Enlarging common interests and gradually building communities of interests in the way I have described has been adopted as the official policy of the Chinese government.
When President Hu Jintao visited the United States last January, he called for expanding converging interests in his speeches. In China's 12th five-year plan for economic and social development, one can also find the phrase "expanding converging interests." This shows the importance the Chinese Government attaches to it.
In the recently issued white paper on China's Peaceful Development, the Chinese government reaffirmed its position on relations with other countries. Let me quote:
"China aligns its own interests with the common interests of the people of the world and seeks to expand convergence of interests of all parties and to build and develop communities of interests with other countries and regions in various fields and at various levels. China is committed to promoting the common interests of the entire humanity and sharing the benefit of human civilization with everyone."
This is China's commitment to the world.
Zheng Bijian was for many years the executive vice-chairman of the Central Party School in Beijing. As the world became wary of China's growing role as a major power, he proposed the doctrine of "China's peaceful rise."
© 2011 Global Viewpoint Network/Tribune Media Services. Hosted online by The Christian Science Monitor.


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Graham Land makes a good point that many people worry about the alleged Dec 2012 Mayan prediction, while ignoring science-based projections of climate crisis.
Climate change: What about the real apocalypse?
Since when did Mayan beliefs get such global credibility, anyway? According to a recent Reuters poll, 10% globally are experiencing "fear or anxiety" regarding the end of the world in 2012. What's more is that the Mayans apparently aren't even predicting an apocalypse. One Pakistani journalist went to interview a Mayan shaman in Mexico. Here is some of what he had to say on the "apocalypse":
"Well my dear child, this is the maligning of our culture and heritage at the hands of money hungry and greedy con artists who have no strong backing or evidence about the statements they are making. They have twisted our words and gone out there into the world to make fools out of everyone. They have accumulated immense wealth by making movies and writing books, blaming the entire doomsday idea on us poor villagers. What saddens me is how the world and its intelligent, educated people have fallen right into their trap, spreading this nonsense further, while we Mayans out here in Mexico keep meeting tourists, volunteers and socials workers and find that it is our duty to let them know that we never, ever once said the world is going to end on December 2012."
It's also enough to make any optimist a bit cynical when the Earth is faced with environmental catastrophes such as unprecedented pollution, biodiversity crises, water shortages, climate change – just pick one of the others if you don't believe in climate change – and people prefer to pay more attention to a bastardization of a myth attributed to Mayans.
Views: 192
What floors me is this: the people who are claiming that the Mayan calendar is an indicator of the end of the world are little different from those who say that Jebus is coming back soon, using their bible as a referent. Now tell me this:
Why Is It that people who lived centuries if not millennia ago, ignorant of physics and astronomy as we know them now, are supposed to know more about the happenings and dynamics of our world than we do right now?
I would REALLY like to know.
LOL Loren, of course their answer always is something like: "Because it is written from our omniscient God who knows everything and confounded the universe so man cannot ever know what it knows."
Yes, the question should be rephrased as:
Why would a super-intelligent, omnipotent, omniscient deity choose low intelligent, unknowledgeable scribes to record it's messages when it knows (due to this omniscience) that more intelligent with more accurate recording techniques will be only a mere millenium away.
It evidently couldn't wait, leaving an extremely poor, unverifiable piece of junk that was hardly worth the effort of having it's messages recorded.
Proving that it was definitely not omniscient, but a creation of those naive scribes.
We can be condemned by the bad choices we make, the Bible God can thus be condemned for making extremely poor choices in followers, tactics and extremely poor displays of ethics.
So, in the name of truth, ethics and humanity, we must openly condemn the Bible God!
Aye M8!
I've heard a lot of crap about the poles shifting, tomorrow, and that causing worldwide catastrophe. Of course it's ridiculous. With any brief glance at geomagnetic reversal, outside of an hysterical end-of-times publication, you'll rapidly notice that it takes several thousand years for the poles to shift.
It's about 26,000 years and the poles do not really shift. The effect is like the wobble of a spinning top. The Myans appear to have known this and we turned their information into something else entirely, making the end of a cycle into the end of the world. The real surprise here is that the Myans were said to have viewed the stars through special pools of water just for that purpose as they had no telescopes.
I wasn't talking about the wobble of our rotation. I was talking about the geomagnetic pole shifts which happen occasionally, every couple hundred-thousand years or every million years or so.
Of course new-agers are completely ignorant of what the process means. A lot of them apparently believe that the inside of the earth flips over completely, 90 degrees or 180 degrees, within about a 24 hour period, with the crust sliding along the mantle, somehow.
New-agers do that a lot. They grab one statement about something that actually happens, then start making up shit about what that statement actually means.
It's about 26,000 years and the poles do not really shift. The effect is like the wobble of a spinning top.
You're talking about precession, which happens as well. It would be amazing if the Mayans knew about that, how could they?
http://youtu.be/6TI1M3abAM8 This video sums up the Mayans pretty well. I can only tell you this about global warming denialism... I used to be a denialist, and when I look back, it is because that is what the adults were teaching me in school. I am 26, so that really only goes to explaining my generation of denialists. I can also tell you, it was Peter Hadfield, or potholer54 on YouTube, who convinced me that global warming is a fact. I will also say, he is the one who also convinced me that 1. Science will deal with this weather we have to drag humanity kicking and screaming or not. As well as 2. The apocalypse wont happen tomorrow. Solutions are still very possible, and quite achievable. The nihilistic doom criers are equally at fault as the denialists for clouding the public's ability to see the issue clearly, keeping them from approaching the issue rationally. Most of all, they underestimate humanity and science as whole. Usually by applying malformed interpretation of history as evidence of humanities rush to annihilation, when the only thing I can see is humanity having done nothing but grown leaps and bounds. I do not think humanity would be where it is today, despite all its flaws, if people in general weren't inherently good, and capable of growing intellectually. So in my mind, we will be just fine, as long as we try to educate people reasonably. I don't understand why people accept a position that is diametrically opposed to reality, on either end of it.
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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.Classified ads are not allowed on the forum.
I'll check my stash of carbs in the morning. I have a few QuadraJets I pulled from L30 & L48 Camaros in 1980.
Paul (1968RSZ28),In relation to your last comment about the fast idle cam (aka "kickdown lever"), the attached document shows it looking like the plastic version, not the metal one.Bernie
interesting that one has the all plastic vac but has the metal kickdown leverI think the red plastic kick down is original, I have seen cracked originalsthey may have had problems with the original plastic parts , it looks like replacements used more metal parts


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Capital expenditure on mobile backhaul varies greatly by region and by technology. While most countries face similar current or future struggles to reduce network congestion, the solutions being adopted differ according to existing infrastructure, network generations, and government mandates and incentives. One major division is whether to use optic fiber or microwave for mobile backhaul. CAPEX for microwave backhaul will peak in Western Europe this year at almost $4.4 B, more than triple the figure for the next-highest region, Asia-Pacific. The European spending surge is due to the expansion of 3G networks to new areas, as well as a few initial 4G network deployments.
"Once that wave is completed in Western Europe, microwave backhaul will be left alone for a while," comments ABI Research Analyst Xavier Ortiz. "Following the 2010 spending spree, Western European microwave backhaul CAPEX will tumble in 2011 to just over half its peak level."
Virtually all world regions will see some increase in microwave backhaul CAPEX over 2011-2013, followed by a gradual decline. The reasons vary by location. In Asia, many 3G networks will be rolled out during that period, and others will be expanded to reach remote, underserved areas. According to Practice Director Aditya Kaul, "Asia's investment in microwave backhaul would be even greater were it not for the Chinese government's mandate to use fiber for the country's 3G and 4G networks. Although microwave is less expensive and faster to deploy, a governmental commitment to fiber means huge economies of scale, and fewer worries about zoning permissions." In the United States, the situation is very different. The prevalence of fiber optic cable in many parts of the country combined with the high cost of tower leasing mean that interest in microwave as a backhaul solution is lower than anywhere else. "Large service providers are saying they will only use microwave where fiber is unavailable," says Ortiz.


text:
The Ranking
|Overall Rank: n/a
PC Rank: n/a
2008 Games Rank: n/a
2008 PC Rank: n/a
Score based on 3 reviews
Mabinogi offers a robust, online universe where people can experience all facets of fantasy life from fighting to harvesting. The game's radiant 3-D graphics are infused with an art style based in Celtic and Welsh mythology, which also gives Mabinogi its name and foundation. Mabinogi provides a new experience with its variety of gameplay, unique combat system, and orderly time element and age component, to provide additional depth to Nexon's latest free-to-play offering.
Release Date: March 1, 2008


text:
Black teens arrested in beating of pickup driver
Man is in critical condition after being severely beaten by an angry mob in Detroit. The man hit a young boy. When he pulled over to check on him, he was attacked by a group of men. The boy who was hit is expected to recover.
Detroit police have arrested two teenagers in connection with the brutal beating of a motorist that has sparked outrage across the nation.
The teens, ages 16 and 17, were arrested without incident early Saturday morning in the area of the beating on Detroit's eastside, according to Detroit Police spokesman Sgt. Michael Woody.
Woody said the teens, who are from Detroit, were part of the group that beat Steve Utash, 54, on Wednesday, after his pickup hit 10-year-old David Harris, and he stopped to check on the boy. Woody declined to discuss a motive for the attack.
Police have said the boy was struck after he stepped into the path of the pickup, and that Utash, who as of Saturday afternoon was in a medically induced coma at St. John Hospital and Medical Center with multiple head injuries, was not at fault.
The 10-year-old's family could not be reached Saturday, but a family member told the Detroit Free Press on Friday that David, who was also taken to St. John for treatment, remained hospitalized with scrapes on his knee, swelling on his lip and foot problems.
Woody called on the others involved in the beating, believed to be a total of 10 to 12 people, to turn themselves in.
"To drag this out any further is really futile," Woody said. "We're getting closer and closer. We need to put this thing to rest for the sake of the family and citizens."
Woody said the arrested teens have been cooperative so far, and that police are preparing warrant requests for possible charges against them.
Utash's daughter, Felicia Utash, said that her family is happy to hear about the arrests and hopeful it brings them one step closer to justice for her father. She said Detroit Police called her sister, Mandi Emerick, this afternoon to inform them about the arrests.
"It's more than good news," Felicia Utash said. "I was starting to lose hope, but the detectives and police did their job and worked hard, which is great because my dad deserves justice."
As of Saturday afternoon, the family's Gofundme campaign to raise funds to cover Utash's medical expenses has raised nearly $65,000 — more than the $50,000 the family originally sought.
"It's more than amazing because people have big hearts," Felicia Utash said. "It's really overwhelming to see that much, but it's great to know that when push comes to shove, people still come together."
The beating has sparked condemnation and outrage and prompted Detroit Mayor Mike Duggan and Council President Brenda Jones on Friday to ask for calm and patience. In a joint statement, they decried the "vigilante style attack," which they said would not be tolerated. They noted that Utash had done the right thing by stopping to check on David.


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A 15-year-old boy is due in court tomorrow over a car crash that killed a man in North Yorkshire.
The youngster has been charged with causing death by dangerous driving, driving without a licence and driving without insurance.
Douglas Scott Robertson, 27, died when he was hit by a Range Rover in North Road, Stokesley, at 12.20pm on Saturday. The teenager is due to appear at Northallerton Magistrates Court today at 10am.
An 18-year-old man has also been charged with aggravated vehicle taking and will appear at the same court today.
A 48-year-old man from Brompton-on-Swale, Richmondshire, has been charged with obstructing an officer in the execution of his duty and will appear before the court on February 8.


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Tonight was the informational meeting about the Pahoa Roundabout that will be installed beginning the Summer of 2013 at a cost of $5 million dollars.
Construction will last approximately one year and Highway 130 will be detoured through Pahoa Town during this time.
This is who you get to blame for the pending mess!
Filed under: Announcements, Big Island, Community, Hawaii, Highway 130, Legal, Pahoa, Something New?, State Affairs, Transportation Tagged: | Alvin A. Takeshita, Highway 130, Highways Administrator, Pahoa Roundabout


text:
Items where Research Group is "Centre for Mathematical Biology" and Year is 2010
Group by: Creators | Item Type | No Grouping
Number of items: 30.
Agarwal, S and Deane, C M and Porter, M A and Jones, N S (2010) Revisiting date and party hubs: novel approaches to role assignment in protein interaction networks. PLOS Computational Biology, 6 (6). e1000817.
Baker, Ruth E. and Yates, C. A. and Erban, R. (2010) From Microscopic to Macroscopic Descriptions of Cell Migration on Growing Domains. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology . ISSN 0092-8240 (In Press)
Benazeraf, B and Francois, P and Baker, R. E. and Little, C D and Pourquie, O L (2010) A random cell motility gradient downstream of FGF controls elongation of amniote embryos. Nature, 466 (7303). pp. 248-252.
Cominetti, Ornella and Matzavinos, Anastasios and Samarasinghe, Sandhya and Kulasiri, Don and Liu, Sijia and Maini, P. K. and Erban, R. (2010) DifFUZZY: A fuzzy clustering algorithm for complex data sets. International Journal of Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, 1 (4). pp. 402-417.
Di Garbo, A and Johnston, M. D. and Chapman, S. J. and Maini, P. K. (2010) Variable renewal rate and growth properties of cell populations in colon crypt. Physical Review E, 81 (6). 061909 (12 pages). ISSN 1063-651X
Di Garbo, A and Johnston, M. D. and Chapman, S. J. and Maini, P. K. (2010) Variable renewal rate and growth properties of cell populations in colon crypts. Physics Review E, 81 (6). 061909-1.
Drasdo, D and Fell, D and Ferrell, J and Gallahan, D and Gatenby, R. A. and Guenther, U and Herzel, H. and Junghanss, C and Kunz, M and Laplace, F and van Leeuwen, I. M. M. and Lenormand, P and Levi, F and Linnebacher, M and Lowengrub, J and Maini, P. K. and Marcus, F and Malik, A and Rateitschak, K and Sansom, O and Schafer, R and Schurrle, K and Sers, C and Schnell, S. and Harms, B and Shibata, D and Tyson, J and Vera, J and White, M and Zhivotovsky, B and Jaster, R and Wolkenhauer, O and Auffray, C and Baltrusch, S and Bluthgen, N and Byrne, H. M. and Cascante, M and Ciliberto, A and Dale, T (2010) Systems biologists seek fuller integration of systems biology approaches in new cancer research programs. Cancer Research, 70 (1). pp. 12-13.
Egginton, S and Gaffney, E. A. (2010) Tissue capillary supply - it's quality not quantity that counts! Experimental Physiology, 95 (8). pp. 971-979.
Escudero, C. and Yates, C. A. and Buhl, J. and Couzin, I. D. and Erban, R. and Kevrekidis, I. G. (2010) Ergodic directional switching in mobile insect groups. Physical Review E, 82 (1). 011926 (6 pages).
Gadelha, H and Gaffney, E. A. and Smith, D J and Kirkman-Brown, J C (2010) Nonlinear instability in flagellar dynamics: a notel modulation mechanism in sperm migration. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 7 (6). pp. 1689-1697.
Gaffney, E. A. and Tiffany, J M and Yokoi, N and Bron, A J (2010) A mass and solute balance model for tear volume & osmolarity in the normal and the dry eye. Progress in Retinal & Eye Research, 29 (1). pp. 59-78.
Garvie, M R and Maini, P. K. and Trenchea, C (2010) An efficient and robust numerical algorithm for estimating parameters in turing systems. Journal of Computational Physics, 229 (19). pp. 7058-7071.
Heaton, L L M and Lopez, E and Maini, P. K. and Fricker, M D and Jones, N S (2010) Growth-induced mass flows in fungal networks. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 277 (1698). pp. 3265-3274.
Johnston, M. D. and Maini, P. K. and Chapman, S. J. and Edwards, C. M. and Bodmer, W. F. (2010) On the proportion of cancer stem cells in a tumour. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 266 (4). pp. 708-711.
Lee, S Seirin and Gaffney, E. A. and Monk, N. A. M. (2010) Aberrant behaviours of reaction diffusion self-organisation models on growing domains in the presence of gene expression time delays. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 72 (8). pp. 2139-2160. ISSN 0092-8240
Lewis, A C F and Jones, N S and Porter, M A and Deane, C M (2010) The function of communities in protein interaction networks at multiple scales. BMC Systems Biology, 4 (7). p. 100.
Madzvamuse, A. and Gaffney, E. A. and Maini, P. K. (2010) Stability analysis of non-autonomous reaction-diffusion systems: the effects of growing domains. Journal of Mathematical Biology, 61 (1). pp. 133-164. ISSN n/a
Maini, P. K. and Gatenby, R. A. and Smallbone, K. (2010) Modelling of tumour metabolism. In: Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Hyderbad, 19th-27th August. Hindustan Book Agency, New Delhi, pp. 3091-3104.
Martin, N K and Gaffney, E. A. and Gatenby, R A and Maini, P. K. (2010) Leaky vessels as a potential source of stromal acidification in tumours. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 267 (3). pp. 454-460.
Martin, N K and Gaffney, E. A. and Gatenby, R. A. and Maini, P. K. (2010) Tumour-stromal interactions in acid-mediated invasion: a mathematical model. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 267 (3). pp. 461-470.
Murray, P J and Kang, J W and Mirams, G R and Shin, S Y and Byrne, H. M. and Maini, P. K. and Cho, K H (2010) Modelling spatially regulated B-catenin dynamics & invasion in intestinal crypts. Biophysical Journal, 99 (3). pp. 716-725.
Osborne, J and Walter, A and Kershaw, S. K. and Mirams, G R and Fletcher, A G and Pathmanathan, P. and Gavaghan, D. J. and Jensen, O E and Maini, P. K. and Byrne, H. M. (2010) A hybrid approach to multi-scale modelling of cancer. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 368 (1930). pp. 5013-5028. ISSN 0962-8428
Seirin Lee, S and Gaffney, E. A. and Monk, N. A. M. (2010) The influence of gene expression time delays on Gierer-Meinhardt pattern formation systems. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 72 (8). pp. 2139-2160.
Shum, H and Gaffney, E. A. and Smith, D J (2010) Modelling bacterial behaviour close to a no-slip plane boundary: the influence of bacterial geometry. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A, 466 (8). pp. 1725-1748. ISSN 1364-5021
Smallbone, K. and Maini, P. K. and Gatenby, R. A. (2010) Episodic, transient systemic acidosis delays evolution of the malignant phenotype: Possible mechanism for cancer prevention by increased physical activity. Biology Direct, 5 (22). pp. 1-8.
Stamper, I. J. and Owen, M. R. and Maini, P. K. and Byrne, H. M. (2010) Oscillatory dynamics in a model of vascular tumour growth -- implications for chemotherapy. Biology Direct, 5 (27). pp. 1-17.
Sánchez-Garduño, F and Maini, P. K. and Pérez-Velázquez, J (2010) A non-linear degenerate equation for direct aggregation and traveling wave dynamics. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems Series B, 13 (2). pp. 455-487.
Tindall, M. J. and Porter, S. L. and Maini, P. K. and Armitage, J. P. (2010) Modeling chemotaxis reveals the role of reversed phosphotransfer & a bi-functional kinase-phosphatase. PLO Computational Biology, 6 (8). 10 pages.
Woolley, T. E. and Baker, R. E. and Maini, P. K. and Aragón, J. L. and Barrio, R. A. (2010) Analysis of stationary droplets in a generic Turing reaction-diffusion system. Physical Review E, 82 (5). ISSN 1063-651X
Yates, C. A. and Baker, R. E. and Erban, R. and Maini, P. K. (2010) Refining self-propelled particle models for collective behaviour,. Canadian Applied Mathematics Quarterly, 18 (3). pp. 299-350.


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You can see here a basic map of Manfredonia from OpenStreetMap, but you can switch easily to other types of the map: Just choose the second option above the map and you can see Bing Maps, which offer other types of detailed maps of Manfredonia, related countries, geographical places etc. You can also switch to aerial and birds eye maps of Manfredonia there.
You may remember we offered other types of maps here also in the past, for example Google Maps, Nokia Maps and MapQuest Maps, and many kinds of their infomaps, like the traffic map, bike trails, weather map, map with photos and map of public transport from these sources. But some of these services cancelled their operations or changed the conditions under which their maps may be displayed. We sincerely hope you appreciate these new kinds of maps here, as you can see, for example, the difference between the OpenStreetMap vector map tiles from Mapzen shown by Leaflet here and the bitmap tiles from Bing Maps. We are considering adding more maps of Manfredonia in the near future again.
You may not only switch among different types of maps using the switches above the map, but you can also change settings of the map using controls on the map. See more details of Manfredonia using the zoom control on the left side or see street or terrain map of Manfredonia using the controls on the top of the map (Bing Maps). In the past you could also place the yellow figure (Google Maps) to see a street view of any interesting place, but this feature is not available here anymore. But you can see the Birds eye view on the Bing Maps here. Notice: Not all features are available everywhere. Some maps offer more details then the others.
Look below to see more useful information regarding Manfredonia and the map of Manfredonia. You can find links to other places related to Manfredonia, but there are also tips about how to easily print the map of Manfredonia, where to find detailed information about Manfredonia, how to plan your journey and much more. Our primary target is to allow you to compare different types of maps, but we would also like to offer you more when considering your travels and learning about the World.
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Guatemala is rapidly becoming a top destination of Central America. In 2012, Guatemalan President Otto Perez Molina launched a 10-year National Plan for Sustainable Tourism Development, ensuring that Guatemala implements tourism as a state policy. There's no doubt that travel agents will be hearing about Guatemala for years to come.
Luckily, there is a wealth of cultural and historical riches for those who look just beneath the surface. Since Guatemala is an emerging destination that can be intimidating to the unfamiliar, hire a guide and spend time taking in the exotic sights and sounds of Guatemala's four distinct regions: Guatemala City, the pre-Columbian Maya ruins of Tikal, picturesque Lake Atitlan and colonial Antigua.
Guatemala City
Visiting Guatemala's highlights can easily be done in a week's time. Most trips start and end in Guatemala City, the capital and home to the largest international airport. Guatemala City is broken up into zones, some drastically different from each other. The sight of gated communities juxtaposed with shack-towns somehow clinging to steep hillsides is particularly dramatic.
Stay close to the airport at the Westin Camino Real, Guatemala hotel in Zona Viva, a hip and trendy new neighborhood. This hotel is also a top choice for international diplomats visiting Guatemala City. Narrow, quiet streets are lined with local shops and a variety of restaurants. A delicious, authentic regional meal can be had less than one block away in the relaxed but refined atmosphere of Kacao restaurant. Zona Viva is also your best bet for nightlife in Guatemala, and 5,000 feet in elevation provides for comfortable evenings out.
Tikal, which was the center of the Maya world 2,000 years ago, is currently one of the largest excavated Maya ruins sites worldwide. To get to Tikal, take a short, early morning flight and enjoy the view of cloud-lined mountains. Once you de-plane — at an elevation of 400 feet — it is apparent that you are in a tropical forest. A two-hour van ride brings you deeper into the jungle, enveloped by the ominous, deep echoes of howler monkeys.
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, you can spend a day or two leisurely roaming through dozens of temples linked by a network of trails. Having a private guide in Tikal will allow you to avoid crowded sunbaked roads, opting instead for shaded single tracks, which literally bee-line to the best sites. Only an official tour guide can let you in on all the secrets of Tikal, including how they use these same trails for puma sighting excursions after dark. Be sure to allow time to climb Temple IV which, equipped with a wooden staircase and handrails, is suitable for all ages to climb. The top of Temple IV provides a refreshing breeze, and the other-worldly view of various temples protruding through a thick canopy may look familiar to "Star Wars" aficionados. In Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, Tikal was referred to as the planet Yavin and some scenes depicted the temples. Stay near Tikal in the beautiful, newly built eco-lodge Villa Maya, located in El Peten.
Lake Atitlan
After a return flight to Guatemala City, board a bus to Lake Atitlan, which Aldous Huxley famously described as Lake "Como with additional embellishments of several immense volcanoes. It really is too much of a good thing." Stay at the water's edge in the intimate, 60-room Hotel Atitlan. Once a coffee plantation, it now features a topiary garden boasting more than 250 species of birds and no less than 25 colors of bougainvillea.
Spend a day traveling by boat visiting remote lakeside towns and markets, and be sure to include a trip to the shrine of Maximon (Saint Simon) in Santiago Atitlan. Rather than a benevolent God, Maximon has been referred to as a bully you do not want to bother. To that end, making an offering of rum, a cigar or just a few dollars may benefit your health and future success. Return to the town of Panajachel to have cocktails at the Sunset Cafe or continue on to Antigua.
At separate times both the capital of Central America and the capital of Guatemala, Antigua's colonial architecture, cobblestone streets and regal flair distinguish it from anywhere else in Guatemala. Even discriminating guests will be impressed staying at the converted 16th century convent, Casa Santo Domingo which features everything you need on-site including seven museums, a spa, a pool and some of the best restaurants in Antigua. Spend a day or two in this UNESCO World Heritage Site and visit old governmental buildings and churches as well as the largest jade factory in Central America. Unlike other tented markets, Antigua's shopping consists mainly of boutique vendors. Prices may be a little higher, but quality is consistent and some travelers may find it more familiar.
Because it is generally safe to walk around at night, visitors can wander to and from various bars and restaurants. Antigua's ancient buildings take on a magic of their own when lit by moonlight and antique streetlights. Guatemala City's international airport is less than one hour away (without traffic), and you can leave from Antigua to catch a flight.
Countless villages in Guatemala still make all textiles by hand using natural plant dyes for color.// (c) 2013 ASTA Young Professionals Society (YPS)
La Merced Church & Convent, Antigua is one of the most ornate churches in Guatemala. // (c) 2013 ASTA YPS
Mayans venerate their ancestors at colorful cemeteries. // (c) 2013 ASTA YPS
After a hard day's work of shopping at the markets for groceries and supplies // (c) 2013 ASTA YPS
Chichicastenango is one of the largest and liveliest market towns in Central America, highlighting the myriad of Maya textile designs. // (c) 2013 ASTA YPS
Tikal Temple I, Temple of the Great Jaguar, is a Guatemala icon wherein lies Ah Cacao, one of the great Maya rulers. // (c) 2013 ASTA YPS
A boat in Lake Atitlan, Guatemala, brings visitors to various Maya villages nestled within three volcanoes. // (c) 2013 ASTA YPS
The ASTA YPS fam trip group atop Hill of the Cross above Antigua, Guatemala // (c) 2013 ASTA YPS
About Brian Payntar Harris
Brian Payntar Harris is the president of Destination Site Selection, which help groups find the ideal venue for their needs. Based in Aspen, Co., and specializing in luxury destination resorts, Harris coordinates all aspects of site selection consultation, from RFP to contract negotiation. Read an interview about Brian and his work in the travel industry here (link to www.travelagewest.com/News/Industry-Interviews/Travel-Agent-Talk--Brian-Payntar-Harris/).www.resortvenues.com
Casa Santo Domingocasasantodomingo.com.gt
Hotel Atitlanwww.hotelatitlan.com


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While reading the front page of The Sun the article on the loss of amphibians ("Alarming U.S. decline in environment's sentinels," May 23), I heard on the radio that Congress is trying to assure construction of the Alberta tar sands pipeline.
About two weeks ago, scientists reported that the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere had reached 400 parts per million. There has been a chance that the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could at least be stabilized, but with the construction of the pipeline this would no longer be possible.
If Congress is able to get the Keystone XL pipeline constructed I would like so see the names of all people who voted for this carved in stone so that they be identified for eternity for anyone or anything that can read them.
David Ingalls, Severna Park


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I also am planning my retirement!
If I have any money left, I'll come to your party!
> From: "email@example.com"
> <firstname.lastname@example.com>
> Reply-To: <firstname.lastname@example.com>
> Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2008 07:22:54 -0700
> To: <firstname.lastname@example.com>
> Subject: videolib Digest, Vol 11, Issue 74
> I personally have a date picked out for retirement, November 25, 2019, if
> anyone wants to come to the party.
> Dennis Doros
> Milestone Film & Video
VIDEOLIB is intended to encourage the broad and lively discussion of issues relating to the selection, evaluation, acquisition,bibliographic control, preservation, and use of current and evolving video formats in libraries and related institutions. It is hoped that the list will serve as an effective working tool for video librarians, as well as a channel of communication between libraries,educational institutions, and video producers and distributors.


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New York City- Fr. Frank Pavone, national director of Priests for Life, issued the following statement regarding the choice of words Michael Schiavo used to mark Terri Schindler-Schiavo's headstone.
"Michael said, 'I kept my promise,' and therefore convicts himself of having killed Terri. Moreover, to say that she "Departed this Earth" on February 25, 1990 illustrates the dualistic philosophy that Schiavo and his attorney Mr. Felos have. That statement shows no regard for the fact that a human person is just as much a body as a soul, and this hyperspiritual way of thinking justifies all kinds of physical violence.
"Such dualism has been condemned by the Catholic Church as a heresy. Any Catholic who does not renounce the kind of thinking demonstrated by Mr. Schiavo has ceased believing as a Catholic."
Priests for Life is the nation's largest Catholic organization dedicated exclusively to the defense of human life from abortion and euthanasia. For more information about Priests for Life, please visit www.priestsforlife.org.


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Moderators: Three Stars, dagny, pfim, netwolf
MarioLives wrote:If Ottawa gets a point the islanders would be 8th
FallenHero96 wrote:I'm thinking Ottawa is going to try really really hard to not lose this game.
bse wrote:Sweep? That's not very honest. Playoffs are really hard. It's really hard to win the cup, no matter your roster.
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All News Releases By Date
EPA Marks the 40th Anniversary of Earth Day by Recognizing Environmental Achievers in the U.S. Virgin Islands
Release Date: 05/19/2010
Contact Information: Brenda Reyes (787) 977-5869, firstname.lastname@example.com or Caroline Newton (212) 637-3937, firstname.lastname@example.com
(USVI) For three people and organizations from the U.S. Virgin Islands, the spirit of Earth Day has not diminished in the 40 years since it was first celebrated. In keeping with that spirit, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) today awarded them each the Agency's Environmental Quality Award at the Nonpoint Source Pollution Conference held at the Sugar Bay Resort in St. Thomas on May 6, 2010.
"Today we honor those who advocate for a better environment, and give their time and energy to make the world a healthier and cleaner place," said Judith Enck, EPA Regional Administrator said at the time she presented the award. "The people and organizations we honor today are truly making a difference and we thank them for their part in helping us shape a more sustainable environmental future."
Environmental Quality Award recipients are chosen from the following categories: individual citizen, environmental education, press and media, business and industry, non-profit organization, environmental or community group, and federal, state, local or tribal agency. The recipients come from within Region 2, which includes New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, The U.S. Virgin Islands and 7 federally-recognized Indian Nations. The award winners span a wide range of environmental achievements, but each proves exemplary determination and success. The EPA's regional office receives nominations for the awards from both inside and outside the Agency. For more information about the Environmental Quality Awards in EPA Region 2, go to https://www.epa.gov/region02/eqa/.
2010 U. S. Virgin Islands Environmental Quality Award Winners
Environmental Education
Virgin Islands Network of Environmental Educators, St. Croix
The Virgin Islands Network of Environmental Educators (VINE) links educators with natural and cultural resource organizations and other stakeholders. VINE works to increase the availability of environmental and cultural programs in local schools and community organizations. VINE releases a seasonal newsletter "Straight from the Vine," which provides informational resources and highlights their success.
Paul Chakroff
St. Croix Environmental Association, St. Croix
Paul Chakroff is the executive director of the St. Croix Environmental Association and serves on the board of the Virgin Islands Conservation Society, where his leadership helped reorganize the Society to better serve the community. Paul's other accomplishments include leading land conservation efforts, protecting sea turtles and coral, leading a community campaign in support of clean renewable energy and generating awareness of environmental and health impacts of fossil fuel combustion.
Business and Industry
Island Yacht Charters, Inc., St. Thomas
Island Yacht Charters, Inc. is a St. Thomas-based marine recreation company that educates its clients on the need to minimize impacts on the U.S. Virgin Island's sensitive marine environment and water quality. Each of the company's vessels is fitted with solar panels that allow them to operate solely on solar energy while moored.
Follow us on Twitter at http://twitter.com/eparegion2 and visit our new Facebook page, http://www.facebook.com/eparegion2.
Search this collection of releases | or search all news releases
View selected historical press releases from 1970 to 1998 in the EPA History website.


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Reproductive endocrinologist Dr. Laura Detti has joined the Germantown office of UT Medical Group Inc., where she specializes in male and female infertility. Detti provides genetic diagnosis and counseling; management of conditions such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, recurrent miscarriages and premature menopause; and pre- and post-cancer care for fertility issues.
Hometown: Florence, Italy
Education and/or work experience: I trained in medicine and obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Florence in Italy and at the University of Cincinnati. I also completed a fellowship in reproductive endocrinology and infertility at Wayne State University and am board certified by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology with subspecialty certification in reproductive endocrinology and infertility. I have been working as a reproductive endocrinologist since 2004 and been in Memphis since 2008. I currently serve as assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center.
Family: My husband, Giancarlo; our son, Michael, 10; and our daughter, Camilla, 7.
Favorite quote: The one I truly believe in is: "Happiness and moral duty are inseparably connected." – George Washington
The most recurrent one, however, is: "If you want to make the world a better place, take a look at yourself and then make that change!" – Michael Jackson, "Man in the Mirror." My husband, the children and I sing it to the top of our lungs every time we hear the song, meaning every word.
The sports team(s) you root for: Now it is the Memphis Grizzlies! However, I do have a favorite Italian soccer team: Juventus, from Turin, Italy.
What's playing on your stereo right now? Barbra Streisand – I love her warm voice.
What talent do you wish you had? Being able to read a person "at first sight."
Who has had the greatest influence on you? My parents; they taught me how to grow and learn from good and bad times.
What are your goals at UT Medical Group? To establish an extensive relationship with the doctors in the Memphis area and to help my patients obtaining a better quality of life – whether through understanding and coping with their chronic problems, through managing their acute conditions or through achieving a long-desired pregnancy.
What do you consider your greatest accomplishment? Having my family and becoming a doctor here in the United States.
What do you most enjoy about your work? Everything! The constant learning, the everyday challenges. It is never boring. Even in the worst days, I know I have helped someone.
If you could give one piece of advice to young people, what would it be? Never settle for less than you were dreaming for. It will take time and hard work, but you will eventually get where you wanted.
Edith Kelly-Green has been elected to the board of Bulab Holdings Inc., parent company of Buckman. Kelly-Green is a partner with KGR Group, the largest Lenny's Sub Shop franchisee.
Dr. Margaret "Peg" T. Hartig has been named assistant vice chancellor for community engagement and interprofessional initiatives at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center. Hartig previously served as professor and chair in the UTHSC College of Nursing's Department of Primary Care and Public Health.
AOC LLC has promoted several executives to lead its new operations organization: Matt Watkins has been named senior vice president, operations; Chris Lenegar, vice president, global purchasing; Allen Brown, director, information technology; and Dan Cox, director, operations.
Five Apperson Crump PLC attorneys have been named in the 2013 edition of The Best Lawyers in America: Thomas R. Buckner, Henry L. Klein, Gary K. Smith, William King Self Jr. and William Joseph Aldridge. In addition, Apperson Crump received first-tier rankings in six practice areas: elder law, litigation – municipal, litigation – trusts and estates, medical malpractice law – plaintiffs, personal injury litigation – plaintiffs, and trusts and estates law.
Tom Bowen, University of Memphis athletic director, has joined the board of Catholic Charities of West Tennessee. Bowen spent six years studying for the priesthood with the Holy Cross Fathers.
David Kemper has joined Second to Nunn Design as office administrator. He previously worked as an equipment coordinator for Coyote Logistics. Tyler Witcher has joined as junior designer. Witcher previously served as a music assistant at Bellevue Baptist Church.
Dr. Jay E. Mattingly has been named to The Degree 360's "Top 50 Medical School Professors to Follow on Twitter" list. Mattingly, whose handle is @mattinglymd, is an associate professor at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center and director of anesthesia services at The Hamilton Eye Institute.
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|The authors own nothing. Joss, UPN, WB, etc. own Buffy, the show, the characters, the places, and the backstory. The authors own any original plots.