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Breastfeeding Beyond a Year:
exploring benefits, cultural influences, and more
Jen Davis
Upton MA USA
From NEW BEGINNINGS, Vol. 24 No. 5, September-October 2007, pp. 196-201
I was at the playground last summer with my only son, Jarrett, who turned two in October. He fell on one of the climbing structures and got his first bloody nose. He was very upset (as was I while trying to keep my cool), and I brought him over to the stroller to find some wipes to clean his face. At one point, he looked up at me pleadingly and asked for "bo bo" (the word he uses when he wants to nurse). I looked around and felt uncomfortable nursing him there, so instead I distracted him until we got home, where he could nurse in private. I am not proud of the fact that I denied my child the one thing that would have consoled him more than anything in that moment. In fact, I'm ashamed that I did not have the strength of character to breastfeed my walking, talking toddler regardless of what others might have thought. Possibly, I was more self-conscious than usual because my husband and I had moved to the quiet suburban community of Upton, Massachusetts, USA the previous year and we still felt a little bit like misfits.
Throughout my life I've often been unconventional in my thoughts and actions, so one would think when it came to the well-being of my child I'd be able to endure a few looks or comments sent my way. I had my reasons for not nursing my toddler at that moment in time, the most obvious one being that I had no role models in my immediate or extended family who nursed beyond a year (let alone three months), and very few in my circle of friends. I used to view toddler nursing a lot differently than I do now.
Ten years ago, I was in school preparing for my current profession as a massage therapist. There was a student in my class named Lisa who was a mother of two children, one a toddler, the other a preschooler. Lisa was talking to me and another student about how she was breastfeeding both of her children, and how much she loved it. I was ignorant on the subject of breastfeeding and didn't think much of her comments until after Lisa walked away and the other student to whom she'd also been talking with said, "There's something seriously wrong with her. She must be deranged. Once a child can walk and talk, nursing is perverse." That comment left a strong impression on me and, unfortunately, from that time on I thought Lisa was a little off, maybe even mentally ill.
Fast forward to today: I'm nursing my two-year-old son with no plans to wean in the near future. When Jarrett was born, I definitely thought he would be weaned before he was a toddler, but the path of motherhood can take a woman to unexpected places. When I realized that Jarrett would still be nursing well past his first birthday, I began to read every book I could get my hands on to help me figure out my way.
Why nurse beyond a year?
Quite simply: breast is best. A disservice is done to all when people are misled to believe that formula comes close to the quality of human milk.
Although most doctors avoid saying so, out of fear of alienating some clients, formula-fed babies are generally less healthy than breastfed babies. The cognitive development of babies fed formula doesn't equal that of those who are breastfed. Breast milk protects against disease and promotes optimal brain growth. Formula does neither of these things. (Huggins 2007)
Manufacturers are unable to duplicate human milk and they continually experiment. As further explained by Kathleen Huggins in A Nursing Mothers Guide to Weaning, some have even called "the mass feeding of artificial human milk...one of the greatest experiments ever undertaken on human beings."
Many people are familiar with the recommendation that, to achieve optimal growth, infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life. What some don't realize, however, is that there are benefits to nursing a child beyond six months. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends nursing for a minimum of two years, and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) advises the same. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends breastfeeding for at least a year.
Even after 12 months, babies continue to benefit from human milk. At one year of age, a baby's immune system is functioning at only 60 percent of adult level and because formula has no live antibodies, it is strongly associated with high rates of infection (Huggins 2007). A child's immune system isn't functioning at adult level until age six (Dettwyler 1994).
The benefits of breastfeeding make it the optimal feeding choice. Also, there is no easier way to comfort a sick or upset child than to simply breastfeed. According to Norma Jane Bumgarner in MOTHERING YOUR NURSING TODDLER:
Sucking is a necessary restorative for rapidly growing little people, so much so that most children who do not nurse seek an alternative such as a bottle, pacifier, thumb, fingers, hair, or blanket. Sucking on these alternatives can force a child's permanent teeth out of alignment, while nursing actually improves the dental arch and may minimize self-comforting techniques.
In addition, the benefits of breastfeeding a baby extends to a toddler for as long as a mother nurses. For an ill toddler, the ability to keep him hydrated and happy is a definite boon. Offering comfort is such a fundamental part and advantage of nursing a toddler -- an aspect of the nursing relationship that is seldom understood by those who haven't done it.
Why isn't nursing into toddler-hood "the norm" in some societies?
Examining the animal kingdom indicates that extended breastfeeding is a natural function. In Katherine Dettwyler's article, "A Time to Wean," she discusses weaning habits of mammals, especially those of primates. She looks at a number of factors that may influence the age of weaning for these primates (quadrupling of birth weight, attainment of one-third adult weight, gestation length, and dental eruption) and evaluates what the human equivalent would be for weaning according to these factors. For example, for humankind's closest relatives, the chimpanzee and the gorilla, the duration of breastfeeding is six times the length of gestation. "Based on these comparisons, an estimated natural age at weaning for humans would be a minimum of six times gestational length, or four-and-a-half years" (Dettwyler 1995). Another thing that was considered in her study was the fact that many primates wean their offspring when their permanent molars come in, which for humans occurs around five and a half or six years of age. Adult immune competence for humans occurs around six years old, "suggesting that throughout our recent evolutionary past, the active immunities provided by breast milk were normally available to the child until about this age." Dettwyler ultimately concludes:
Non human primate data suggest that human children are designed to receive all the benefits of breast milk and breastfeeding for an absolute minimum of two and a half years, and an apparent upper limit of around seven years.
Human history supports Dettwyler's studies. Nursing into toddlerhood was a common, natural occurrence. Soranus and Galen, for example, were two Roman doctors who wrote what was to remain the standard Western reference on infant care until the 18th century. Galen believed complete weaning shouldn't occur until the child turned three, and Soranus said not until a child had all his baby teeth should he be weaned (Huggins 2007). Clearly if extended breastfeeding was harmful, it would have negatively impacted the human race. "Any serious harmful effects of long-term nursing would have crippled the entire ancient world" (Bumgarner 2000).
In the early part of the 20th century, an anthropological study was conducted looking at childrearing practices in 52 societies. It was found that only two weaned their children before the age of one year. The US middle class limited infant feeding more strictly and stopped breastfeeding earlier than all but one other society (Huggins 2007).
In a study done of 64 primitive cultures in 1945, it was found that only one culture weaned their children as young as six months. Mothers in China and Japan still nursed their children for four or five years well into the 20th century. During World War II, Burmese children nursed until age three or four. Up until 1950 in Kenya, mothers nursed until five, and in Mongolia mothers nursed until two or three and sometimes as old as six and seven. In New Guinea during the 1960s, children were nursing freely up until two, three, and sometimes four years of age (Bumgarner 2000).
Breastfeeding into toddlerhood is natural and beneficial, but how common is it across the world today? As explained in A Nursing Mother's Guide to Weaning, Margaret Mead and other anthropologists discovered that mothers wean in the way and at the time that their cultures prescribe and that peaceful, cooperative societies tend to wean later using gentler methods. Furthermore, it has been estimated the median age of weaning throughout the world is between ages three and five. That's years, not months.
Through Norma Jane Bumgarner's exploration of traditional cultures in the modern world, an interesting picture is painted. The Siriono people of Bolivia don't wean before the age of three. In Mexico, the Zinacanteco Indians (descendants of Mayans) nurse until age four or five. In East Africa and the Philippines, nursing for several years is not rare.
So, how did some cultures stray so dramatically from the practice of extended breastfeeding? As Dettwyler states, breastfeeding is both a biological process and a culturized activity.
As a biological process it [breastfeeding] is firmly grounded in our mammalian ancestry....as a heavily culturized activity, it is modified by a wide variety of beliefs, not only about infant health and nutrition, but also about the nature of human infancy and the proper relationships between mother and child, and between mother and father.
As ideals, expectations, and family roles shift, so does the culture. Other issues that can affect breastfeeding and weaning include religious beliefs, a mother's every day activities and employment, and ideas about independence and autonomy.
What about the myths?
A mom who decides to nurse a toddler in a culture that doesn't understand the benefits can be the recipient of unintended hurtful comments. Here is an exploration of popular myths that many moms are faced with.
"If a child can ask to nurse, there's something wrong with doing so." Interestingly enough, it's deemed appropriate to hug and cuddle children, while nursing -- something that is also an act of love and affection -- is seen as inappropriate past a certain age. Giving children bottles, which were designed to imitate the breast, is also acceptable. As stated in The Nursing Mother's Companion:
Many toddlers are dependent on a bottle, pacifier, thumb, or blanket, and this is quite accepted, but a mother who is nursing a toddler may have to deal with veiled or point-blank suggestions that her child is too old for it.
Why is this? It is indicative of a culture that has made the human female breast solely into a sexual object instead of its primary and original role as an organ that supplies nourishment. There exist some cultures where the sight of a female breast in public does not turn heads or raise eyebrows. It is just another body part. In cultures where the breast has been sexualized, many become uncomfortable seeing a nursing child who is over one year old.
In the US, the image of a bottle is largely associated with the birth of a new baby and standard feeding practices. This sets the backdrop for a culture that judges those who practice extended breastfeeding. As Stephanie Ondrack points out in her article, "Taking Down the Almighty Bottle," from advertisements in magazines, to mothering icons on the doors of changing rooms, to gift cards and wrapping paper, images of bottle-feeding far outweigh images of breastfeeding. She also describes her experiences of teaching breastfeeding classes to new, expectant parents where they often begin holding the doll with its body and head facing the sky as opposed to the mother's chest. "The bottle-feeding position has become the default definition of feeding position." A woman who has breastfed knows that just turning her baby's head toward her chest does not work -- baby's entire body has to be facing her chest (when using the cradle position), or breastfeeding just doesn't work.
"Once a child no longer needs mother's milk solely for nutritional purposes, there's no sense in breastfeeding." In truth, a mother's milk is just as nutritious and continues to provide immunities to a toddler while being a source of comfort.
We seem to believe that the only legitimate excuse for breastfeeding is hunger and that anything else is a misuse of the goods...we see the need for comfort as not only inferior to the need for food, but as requiring suppression. (Ondrack 2006)
"After a certain point, the nursing relationship is more for the mother than the child." There's no denying that breastfeeding provides emotional and physical benefits to a mother as well as a child. However, if there weren't anything in the relationship for the child (comfort, nourishment), he simply wouldn't nurse.
No matter how evil some people may make mother's enjoyment sound, a woman's enjoyment of breastfeeding is a good thing -- one of the many wholesome pleasures available in life. (Bumgarner 2000)
And conversely, if a mother thinks she might stop nursing her toddler for whatever reason, her feelings need to be factored into whatever decision is made about weaning. Bumgarner explains, "To continue to nurse an older baby and hate it tends to become martyrdom -- a poor basis for any family relationship."
"Extended nursing will spoil a child," also known as, "He'll nurse until he goes off to college." This myth touches on peoples' fears that nursing into toddlerhood spoils children and doesn't teach them independence. In reality, it's not breastfeeding, which meets many needs, that spoils a child -- rather, it's the absence of teaching acceptable behavior that causes a child to "spoil." Bumgarner comments:
It is without closeness and loving, and without sufficient attention to the business of teaching good behavior that children are spoiled...things which are spoiled are things which have been left on the shelf to rot.
It's interesting to note that parents can't force a child to crawl, walk, or talk before they're ready, and yet they're encouraged by professionals and others to impose early weaning on these same children without recognizing it as one of the more significant events of their lives. "Few of us understand weaning as the great and dangerous passage it is known to be in most of the world's societies. But when we ignore the dangers and difficulties of weaning, we risk our children's well-being and sometimes our own" (Huggins 2007).
Dr. William Sears, who wrote The Baby Book, states:
We have studied the long-term effects on thousands of children who had timely weanings and have observed that these children are more independent, gravitate to people more than things, are easier to discipline, experience less anger, radiate trust...[after] studying the long-term effects of long-term breastfeeding, the most secure... and happy children we have seen are those who have not been weaned before their time.
Encouraging autonomy and teaching children how to be independent is a very important life lesson. It is the role of parents to teach a child the skills he needs to care for himself, whether that be cooking, laundry, or changing a spare tire. As Huggins (2007) writes:
It is not our job as parents simply to take care of children, but to help them learn how to take care of themselves. So, rather than fretting over toilet training or weaning in the toddler years -- these things which will take care of themselves -- it is more constructive to help children learn to do the things they want and need to do.
As for my son, Jarrett, he won't be going to the store on his own or changing tires in the near future. He'll continue to be my nursing toddler. Right now, I'm trying not to be that mom on the playground last year who was fretting over what others might think about me breastfeeding my toddler. Instead, I'm being the mom who remains focused on the task at hand, whether it is nursing my son in a time of crisis or raising him to be a decent human being.
AAP. American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement: Section on breastfeeding. Pediatrics 2005 Jun; 115(2):496-506.
Bumgarner, N.J. Mothering Your Nursing Toddler. Schaumburg, IL: La Leche League International, 2000.
Dettwyler, K.A. "A Time to Wean" in Breastfeeding: Biocultural Perspectives. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter, 1995.
Huggins, K. The Nursing Mother's Companion. Boston, MA: Harvard Common Press, 2005.
Huggins, K. The Nursing Mother's Guide to Weaning. Boston, MA: Harvard Common Press, 2007.
Ondrack, S. Taking down the almighty bottle. Mothering 2006 Jul-Aug; 137. Sears, W. and Sears, M. The Baby Book: Everything You Need to Know About Your Baby From Birth to Age Two. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2003.
UNICEF, OMS, UNESCO, and UNFPA. Facts for Life. New York, NY: UNICEF 2003.
World Health Organization and UNICEF. Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2003.
"Despite the evidence that breastfeeding beyond a year is in a child's best interest, passionate opinions can be found on both sides of the topic. Regardless of what scientific studies, health professionals, and history say about the benefits of extended breastfeeding, a mother may encounter comments and suggestions from family and friends that will make her second guess her parenting choices. Finding reliable information, support, and a positive role model can make all the difference in the world to a mom who doubts herself. I speak from personal experience. A lot of reading and one courageous woman at a La Leche League meeting inspired me to continue breastfeeding my son into toddlerhood after seeing her twins stand up and nurse simultaneously." -- Jen Davis
In her book, HOW WEANING HAPPENS, author Diane Bengson offers suggestions and insights into the different needs of nursing toddlers.
Remember, breastfeeding past the age of one often takes on a different character (than nursing a younger baby). Toddlers have many reasons to nurse. One reason is that they enjoy the familiar taste of their mother's milk when they're hungry. One-year-olds also find that mother's breast is a safe haven, a place to return to after a toddler-sized "adventure." They use breastfeeding for comfort and closeness and may often view nursing as the most enjoyable way to be with mother, especially after separations.
Pressure to wean can come from people in your extended family who may be genuinely concerned that your child will come to harm if you don't wean immediately. If you are being pressured to wean due to fears or biases your family holds, you may want to educate them about extended nursing. Give them information in small batches, respectfully, and give them a chance to respond. Don't worry if you don't have all the answers, or can't match all of their arguments. Some mothers have found it better to say very little, or simply say, "This is what I plan to do. I'd like your support." One tactic that can help put an end to a power struggle is to admit you don't have all the answers and that there is more than one way to parent.
Friends and neighbors may also pressure you to wean, or at least offer unsolicited advice. These people in your life don't need to know you are still nursing. You don't have to feel dishonest if you don't reveal all the details of your life to friends and acquaintances. Good friends who care about you will usually be glad to hear why you have made the decision to continue to nurse. Some friends, if they have made different mothering choices than you, may feel uncomfortable or threatened. Learning to de-emphasize your differences and not make comparisons can help you preserve and enjoy your friendship.
"Nursing makes the job of mothering easier, not harder."
Norma Jean Bumgarner, author of MOTHERING YOUR NURSING TODDLER
When the baby does not wean by a year or so, a mother may wonder if this means he is too dependent on her. She may fear that letting him continue to nurse will prevent him from growing toward independence. But weaning is a step toward growing up and, like walking or talking, a child takes these steps according to his own timetable. All children stop nursing sooner or later. Some have the need to continue the nursing relationship longer than others -- but they do grow out of it eventually. And still they do not become overly dependent. We have been reassured on this point many times over because we have observed firsthand hundreds of babies who were considered "late weaners." Independence, not dependence, is one outstanding trait they seem to have in common as they grow up.
Keep in mind that all children wean eventually....Nursing a toddler is not something you strive for, but it is part of a very special relationship between mother and child.
If at all possible, you'll want to take your time with weaning and proceed slowly. We talk about weaning as something to be done "gradually and with love." You'll need to step up the loving attention you give your baby in other ways during the time that you cut back on nursing him.
If your toddler continues to enjoy nursing, you may find there are many advantages that continue to go along with toddler nursing. It is so easy to help an overtired or fussy child calm down and often fall asleep through nursing. If he hurts himself there is no better way to soothe him. Because nursing eases frustration, many families find that it helps turn the "terrible twos" into the "terrific twos," minimizing the usual competitive behavior of the two-year-old. Sometimes behavior that is normal for a toddler is blamed on breastfeeding if the child is still nursing. Behavior such as clinging and demanding normally occurs at this age, whether the child has weaned or not.
Sometimes a mother needs to evaluate the nursing relationship she has with her toddler and consider whether things are really going well. In some situations, nursing can become the easy way out, substituting for other kinds of attention the toddler really needs.
Source: THE WOMANLY ART OF BREASTFEEDING. Schaumburg, IL: LLLI, 2004


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Answered By: Cassandra Thompson Last Updated: May 31, 2016 Views: 62
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Kolkata: Bengal pacer Ashok Dinda on Wednesday expressed delight after being named in India`s 15-member squad for the upcoming Asia Cup cricket tournament in Dhaka and hoped to cement his place in the national cricket team.
Having being in and out of the Indian team with five one-dayers and three T20 Internationals under his belt, Dinda said though it was great to be back, he has a long way to go.
"It feels great to be back... but it does not end here. I hope to get an opportunity (in the playing XI) and cement a place with a good show," said Dinda on the sidelines of Bengal-Assam match of the East Zone leg of the Vijay Hazare Trophy here at the Eden Gardens.
After being ignored for the Australia tour, Dinda worked hard to bag 59 first-class wickets, including a career best 8 for 123 in East Zone`s triumphant Duleep Trophy campaign.
The 27-year-old emerged as the season`s highest wicket-taker for Bengal.
"Yes, it`s my best season... but there was no short cut to success. A lot of hard work was involved. For a long time, I would bowl alone, aiming at a single stump to hone my line and length. It has worked," said Dinda.
"The credit goes to everybody. My friends, well-wishers, present and past Bengal coaches with whom I`ve shared the Bengal dressing room," he added.
Dinda had last played for India in the last edition of the Asia Cup. The tournament was held in Sri Lanka two years back.
Dinda, who has been signed up by Pune Warriors India for the upcoming IPL V, said the condition in Bangladesh was a lot similar to that of Kolkata so adjusting there would not be an issue.
"Weather-wise, it`s very much similar to here. Besides, I had been there for a tri-series involving Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The pitch and ground conditions are known to me," revealed Dinda, an admirer of New Zealand`s Shane Bond and Shoaib Akhtar of Pakistan.
The fast bowler, who came to Kolkata with his uncle in 1998 as his first coach Atal Dey Burman spotted talent in him, said he would be prepared mentally to face the challenges in Asia Cup, starting on March 11.
"One has to prepare mentally. You have to be mentally strong for the challenges at this level," Dinda insisted.


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Roland Grable, 64
Roland Glen Grable, 64, of Anderson, passed away Monday, July 22, 2013. He is the son of the late Robert Gene and Shirlely Martha Grable. He was formerly of Columbia City, and was employed at Dana Weatherhead for 23 years. He served in the U.S. Army for three years, stationed in Germany and Vietnam.Surviving relatives include three children, Jonna (Roger) Vaughn of Savannah, Ga., Angie (Matt) Koher of Indianapolis and Roland Hanson of Washington D.C.; brothers, Robert (Kathleen) Grable of Columbia City, Rod (Nancy) Grable of Fort Wayne and sister, Sherrill (Bryan) Collar of Columbia City; and four grandchildren. No services have been set at this time. Arrangements are entrusted with Indiana Memorial Cremation & Funeral Service, Indianapolis.


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Raz is an Assistant Professor and the co-director of the MS in Strategic Design & Management Program at the School of Design Strategies (SDS). He teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in innovation, leadership, the sharing economy, sustainability and strategic design. His research interests include the convergence of innovation, sustainability, business and design strategies, the sharing economy, open innovation and sustainable business models. Currently he is involved in projects focusing on the impact of the sharing economy on traditional business, the relationship between sharing economy and resilience, the future of design thinking, and the willingness of Millennials to integrate sustainability into their lifestyle.
Raz is the co-founder of two green startups – Hemper Jeans and Eco-Libris, and a regular contributor to Triple Pundit, writing about issues related to sustainable business, the sharing economy and design. He holds an MBA from Tel Aviv University and a BA in Communication and Economics from the Hebrew University.
- Managing Creative Project Teams
- Design Innovation and Leadership
- Special Topics in Strategic Design and Management


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London is the best city on the planet (in our thoroughly unbiased opinions), but the life-in-the-fast-lane approach we take to living around here can tire out the senses.
That's why we've selected the best places for a little R&R to help you take a deep breath and unwind just a little bit. So, kick back and get to know the lunchtime recitals that will soothe jangled nerves, the gallery spaces that will lift the spirits, and the movies that could do all that and then some — all for free. What bliss.


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The air at Lehman College just got a lot fresher.
Beginning on July 1, 2012 the campus became tobacco free, and the smoking or consumption of tobacco in any form is not longer permitted.
This new policy is in accordance with new rules adopted by the trustees of the City University of New York on January 24, 2011. All twenty-three CUNYcolleges will institute the same tobacco policy no later than September 2012, making CUNY the biggest smoke-free university system in the United States.
CUNY's new tobacco policy is part of a growing trend among colleges across the country—more than 500 to date have adopted such measures, including most recently the University of Buffalo and Columbia University. CUNY officials decided that as the largest urban university system in the nation and with its new School of Public Health, the time for action was now.
CUNY officials said they felt a responsibility to do their part to help smokers—estimated at thirteen percent of the CUNY population—kick their habits. "The more you can remove cues in the environment that are associated with that addiction, the less craving the smoker will feel," Dr. Alexandra W. Logue, CUNY's executive vice chancellor and university provost, told The New York Times.


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|2004-05-07, 08:29
|Link #1
hungry hungry hippo
What 3 wishes/super powers would you wish for
ok... not sure if anyone has posted this up yet cause i didn't see it anywhere and if this is against the rules im sorry... so... if u had found a lamp with a geanie in it just like aladin from that famous disney movie... given the same rules as those in the movie... u know...
1. u cant wish for some one to die...
2. u cant wish for more wishes...
3. u cant wish someone to fall inlove with u....
okay given these restrictions... What three wishes would u wish for and why? I for one would wish for:
1. a 20 dollar bill to appear in my hand whenever i wanted for the rest of my life... just because anything hire would just be a hassle when u need to buy something little like a taco from taco bell and i wouldnt need to carry any money in my pockets and just give the change to some homeless person or charity...
2. the ability to know any information i wanted to know be it past,present or future whenever i wanted to know it... this way i dont have to worry about my brain being cluttered with useless information and driving me crazy and ill be able to cure any disease i want whenever i wanted... there r sooo many possibilities to this one..
3. immortality to compliment wish number 2... this way i could help humanity through all the hardships as best i can with my vast knowledge and money supply in the form of 20's...
well theres my list... id like to know what ya'll would wish for.... cant u tell i've given this ALOT of thought?
Last edited by xris; 2004-08-02 at 08:35.
|2004-05-07, 08:46
|Link #3
Join Date: Feb 2004
Location: Mushroom County, Mario World
Age: 31
#1: The ability to have infinite wisdom. Discussions are solved so easily that way. Since you're always right and you always know more than the other person.
#2: I'd like money to appear but in any form I want. I wouldn't have any use for dollars when I'm in Japan now would I.'Since I travel quite a bit a multi currancy system would be usefull.
#3: Immortailty, C'mon you all know you want it. But I'd wish for immortality of other people too. Eternal live ain't fun when the people around you start dying.
Does wishing for infinite wishes is allowed. If so replace wish nr. one with that one and then there's no point in creating the rest of the list. Since you don't have limits you can then wish for your cell-phone to be recharged if needed for example.
|2004-05-07, 08:51
|Link #4
Evangelist of the Kazoo
Join Date: Apr 2003
Location: AnimeSuki Forums
1. I would wish for an early retirement with enough money to keep me in good living conditions until I croak. I don't quite understand why you would want to only have $20 bills come out of your pocket when you need it. Why don't you just wish so that you have exact enough money to pay for something whenever you need it by going into your pocket? I mean, what happens if you're paying for a car or house?
2 and 3. Unless my previous wish drops me off on a deserted island or something, there's nothing else I can think of for a second or third wish.
|2004-05-07, 08:53
|Link #5
Senior Member
Join Date: Jul 2003
Location: Netherlands, Maastricht
Age: 32
I'll edit my post when I come up with some wishes
|2004-05-07, 08:58
|Link #6
hungry hungry hippo
|2004-05-07, 09:19
|Link #7
Tekkaman Blade!
Join Date: Feb 2004
Location: Bakersfield, CA, USA,
Age: 31
My three:
1] Empathy and openness for everyone. If everyone wasn't so selfish and ignorant, we'd have less problems in the world and on AnimeSuki...
Let me think about the other two. I just woke up...
|2004-05-07, 09:44
|Link #8
Join Date: Jan 2004
1.) Super Strength
2.) Ability to slow down time (I can still react as if I was in normal time flow, meaning that I can move faster than any of you and can dodge bullets and stuff)
3.) Immortally with external youth (stop aging at 25)
I'm now going to rule the world!
|2004-05-07, 09:49
|Link #9
Senior Member
Hmm. I think what I would wish for would be as follows:
[1] I think I would wish for a very large amount of money... a billion, maybe more. No, I'm not completely geedy but with the ability to invest that kind of money I think I could do some good for those around me. Allow all my friends to not have to work to make a living so they can just work to enjoy themself and do what they want for a career.. that would be nice.
[2] Hmm maybe for my 18 year old male hormones to be a little calmer than they currently are, I think that would be a pretty nice change at this point in time. (don't ask..)
[3] I think I would wish for telepathy, the ability to read minds. I think that would be a very easy way to know what the people around me really want. It would make decisions affecting other people much easier to make and would possbily prevent further conflicts. Plus, I think knowing other people's deep dark thoughts would be very interesting
-- The reason I didn't say immortality would be because always seeing those you care about die and you living on forever doesn't really sound that great to me. If I was to wish for immortality, I would have to wish for someone else to be immortal as well, and I'm not sure if that person would be up for it, for the same reason.
|2004-05-07, 10:27
|Link #10
Hmmm let me see...
1. I want to be much more richer...
2. To become more successful in life...
3. to have 3 wishes more...
4. to have a powerful P.C...
5. to go to Bermuda Triangle Safely...
6. to have 3 wishes again...
7. to become a cyborg...
8. to become a ruler of Earth...
9. to have a last wish...
10. to become a geanie my self...
|2004-05-07, 10:52
|Link #12
things to note:
wanting to be omnipotent/omniscient means you want to be god.
if you become a genie, you are essentially being someone's bitch for the rest of your life.
1) Money. is there anything else that can bring so much happiness?
2) money that no one knows about, and that no one could find about (think swiss bank but more secure)
3) that people could coexist semi-peacefully (like japan. or canadia)
|2004-05-07, 10:59
|Link #14
Senior Member
Join Date: Jul 2003
Location: Netherlands, Maastricht
Age: 32
Ok, I lied. I'm not gonna edit my post.
Some of you people here don't read the first post (or my other post for that matter) because they wish for more wishes.
My wishes:
1. To marry my current girlfriend.
2. To have a wonderful and joyious life together with my girlfriend.
3. To free the genie, seeing as I can't think of anymore wishes.
Well there.
|2004-05-07, 11:03
|Link #15
if everyone was not poor then who would take out your trash?
oh, and gung fu- if you knew what was going to happen in the future, wouldnt that make the present sort of boring? like rewatching a movie?
|2004-05-07, 11:03
|Link #16
Join Date: Jan 2004
Location: Looking for his book...
You only get three wishes and you can't wish for more wishes. =P
What I would I wish for...
First, wish one, I'd wish for a sandwich. One should never make tough decisions on an empty stomach... That and I'm usually hungry all the time, so maybe a sandwich box that always had a fresh sandwich in it would be better. Although that might be a little greedy. =P
Next, wish two, I'd wish for a can of Tooty Fruity pop becuase I'll probably be thirsty after the sandwich. Most don't remember it but it was an awesome tropical punch flavored pop that got dropped by Pepsi, I think. It's been years since I had a can.
Lastly, wish three, five hundred billion dollars! Actually that's a joke. =P I think I'd wish to, like Necrodeath, free the genie since I'd rather work to get the things I want myself instead of having them handed to me (I know, the sandwich and pop contradict that state but what can you do about it?). If that doesn't work... Then I'd wish for a lint brush that actually works.
|2004-05-07, 11:12
|Link #17
hungry hungry hippo
|2004-05-07, 11:31
|Link #18
Senior Member
Join Date: Dec 2003
Hrm I would wish 2 get into EQ2 beta
10000000 euro's in the bank (more then enough 2 live extremely comfortable for the rest of your life)
good computers and internet conections for all
|2004-05-07, 11:48
|Link #19
Senior Member
Join Date: Nov 2003
1. Become Dictator of China.
With 1 billion people strong, I'll take over N. Korea, and Taiwan, Rush to Mongolia, and take out Pakistan. I'll do it in the name of fighting Terror, so USA won't bother me. They might for Taiwan, but like Otto Von Bismarck I'll plant stories on how I insulted and talked shit about the Taiwanese. Let them attack me, then I'll go and attack them. Makes me look like the Good guy. Although USA might still interfere, I'll worry about that later. Then I'll declare myself the the First Consul, and finally, the Last Emperor.
2 & 3. Save these in my times of peril.
Immortality sucks, I don't think I want it. It'll be too freaky.
|Thread Tools


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- About Company
Dixon Automatic Tool designs and builds automated assembly machinery. Specializes in applying fasteners by using robotic assembly, automatic screwdrivers, nut drivers, part placers, auto-feed part pressing stations, pin presses, grease zerk drivers, feed systems, and controls. Standard Dixon stations can be tooled for customized applications. Keywords: Auto-fed, auto fed, autofed, automated assembly, automation equipment, bowl-fed, bowl feeder, dial table, hopper, orienter, feed system, inline feeder, stud driver, cap placer, pick and place, pin placer, robots, screw torque, torque readout, toque read out, torque control, Stoeger Automation, Stöger Automation, Drive Perfect® , Torque Perfect® , Press Perfect® , Place Perfect® , Assemble Perfect® , Perfect Solutions® , Load Perfect®
- Distributors3Hillcrest Enterprises, Inc
PO Box 6008
Ashland, Virginia 23005
United StatesDIS Group
PO Box 1183
Mathews, North Carolina 28106
United StatesLutz & Associates
3020 E. Thunderhill Place
Phoenix, Arizona 85048
United States


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Union College wins its first NCAA hockey title, beating Minnesota 7-4NHL.com @NHLdotcom
PHILADELPHIA - Tiny Union College skated off with the biggest trophy in college hockey.
And the Dutchmen did it at the expense of two of the sport's giants, toppling Minnesota for its first NCAA title after beating Boston College in the semifinals.
Union scored three times in a 1:54 span in the first period in a 7-4 victory Saturday, two nights after Daniel Ciampini scored three goals in a 5-4 win over Boston College.
"I don't think anyone will call us Cinderella anymore," said Shayne Gostisbehere, who had a goal and two assists against the Gophers.
Union (32-6-4) won its final 12 games and went 16-0-1 in its last 17. The 2,200-student liberal arts college in Schenectady, N.Y., competes in Division III in all other sports.
"They came as advertised," Minnesota coach Don Lucia said. "We knew it going in."
After Minnesota took a 2-1 lead, Mike Vecchione tied it with 4:01 left in the first, Saskatoon native Eli Lichtenwald gave Union the lead 57 seconds later, and Ciampini capped the spree with 2:57 to go.
"The staple of our team all year ? we come in waves," Union captain Mat Bodie said. "All three of those goals were pack-of-wolf goals where we were just throwing the puck on net."
Bodie, Max Novak and Kevin Sullivan also scored and Colin Stevens made 36 saves.
"A little bit speechless right now," third-year coach Rick Bennett said. "Just happy for our school, for this program and the past players. It's an unbelievable experience."
Justin Kloos, Sam Warning, Taylor Cammarata and Hudson Fasching scored for Minnesota (28-7-6). Adam Wilcox stopped 41 shots for the five-time champion Gophers.
"Both teams are better defensively than a 7-4 score shows," Bodie said. "It's just one of those games where crazy bounces happen. We just wanted to stick with our process. We thought we were playing pretty well and great things happened."
Cammarata pulled Minnesota within one with the lone goal in the second period, but Novak restored the two-goal cushion on a deflection at 5:31 of the third.
Fasching cut it to 5-4 with a power-play goal with 3:40 left. Sullivan put it away with 1:22 to go, and Bodie scored into an empty net with 44.2 seconds remaining.
"Just one shift at a time," Bodie said. "This is the biggest game of our lives, hands down, but you've got to treat it like any other game. It was tough, I had people texting me, people calling me and stuff, and, you know, it was real tough to keep that mindset, but with our sport psychologist we were able to get that done."
Kloos opened the scoring on a rebound 2:37 into the first period. Gostisbehere responded by weaving through three opponents and beating Wilcox with a wrist shot to glove side at 9:26.
"He controlled the game," Lucia said about Gostisbehere. "From my vantage point, he was the best player on the ice tonight."
Less than a minute after Gostisbehere's goal, Warning squeaked a bad-angle shot between Stevens and the pipe to put Minnesota up 2-1.
The Dutchmen took over from there.
Minnesota lost for the seventh time in the title game. The Gophers were making their first appearance in the championship game since winning its second straight title in 2003.
NOTES: The Dutchmen have competed in Division I since 1991-92. ... Philadelphia Flyers general manager Paul Holmgren dropped the ceremonial first puck. Holmgren played for the 1974-75 Minnesota team that lost to Michigan Tech in the national title game. ... The 2015 Frozen Four will be played at TD Garden in Boston.


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With Christmas over and the holidays all but wrapped up, there's only one thing left to do: celebrate the New Year! We've got some great choices if you still don't have any New Year's Eve plans. One of KEXP listeners' local favorites, Pickwick, are at Showbox at the Market with Radiation City and Tomten. Fresh Espresso, Grynch, KeyboardRead more…
Listen Live:
High Quality AAC+
Excellent for PC, Mac, iPhones/iPads, Android Devices, tablets, iTunes, Winamp, and VLC. High quality audio, low bandwidth
MP3 Stream
Best for computers running OSX or Windows with iTunes or the open source VideoLAN Player installed
KEXP AND THE UWKEXP is an
affiliate of the
University of Washington
iTunes and KEXPYou can now find KEXP under "Eclectic" in iTunes after the demise of the "Public" category, to better represent the diversity of our daytime variety shows and numerous specialty programs.
KEXP Suggests


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Thromboangiitis obliterans is a rare disease in which blood vessels of the hands and feet become blocked.
Alternative Names
Buerger disease
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease) is caused by small blood vessels that become inflamed and swollen. The blood vessels then narrow or become completely blocked by blood clots (thrombosis). Blood vessels of the hands and feet are especially affected. Arteries are more affected than veins. Average age when symptoms begin is around 35. Women and older adults are affected less often.
Thisconditionmostly affects young men ages 20- 40, whoare heavy smokers or chew tobacco. Only 1 of 10 patients are women. Many patients also have very poor dental hygiene, likely due to tobacco use.
This disorder is very uncommon in children.It canoccur in children with
- Fingersortoes canbe pale, red, or bluish and feel cold
- Pain in the hands and feet
Acute, severe
- Burning or tingling
- Often occurring at rest
- May be worse with cold exposure or with emotional stress
Pain in the legs, ankles, or feet when walking (intermittent claudication),often located in the arch of the foot
- Skin changes or small painful ulcers onfingers or toes
- Usually two or more limbs are affected
Signs and tests
The following tests may show blockage of blood vessels in the affected hands or feet:
- Special ultrasound of the extremity called
plethysmographyy Doppler ultrasound of the extremity
Blood tests for other causes of inflamed blood vessels(vasculitis) andblocked (occlusion of) blood vesselsmay be done. These causes include
There is no cure for thromboangiitis obliterans. The goal of treatment is to control symptoms and to prevent the disease from getting worse.
The patient must stop using tobacco. It is also important to avoid cold temperatures and other conditions that reduce bloodflowin the hands and feet.
Applying warmth and exercising gentlycan help increase circulation.
Aspirin and medications that open the blood vessels (vasodilators) may help. In severe cases, surgery to cut the nerves to the area (surgical sympathectomy) can helpcontrol pain.
If the area becomes so infected that tissue dies, it can be necessary to amputate the fingers or toes.
Expectations (prognosis)
Symptoms of thromboangiitis obliterans may disappear if the person stops tobacco use. Persons who continue to use tobacco may need repeated amputations of affected fingersor toes.
- Tissue death (
- Amputation of fingers or toes
- Loss of blood flow in the limb of the affected fingers or toes
Calling your health care provider
Call your health care provider if:
- You have symptoms of thromboangiitis obliterans
- You have thromboangiitis obliterans and symptoms get worse, even with treatment
- You develop new symptoms
Persons with a history of Raynaud disease or blue, painful fingers or toes, especially with ulcers, shouldnot use any form oftobacco.
Dargon PT, Landry GJ. Buergers disease. Ann Vasc Surg. 2012;26(6):871-80.
Olin JW. Other peripheral arterial diseases. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldmans Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 80.
Review Date:
Reviewed By:
Gordon A. Starkebaum, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc., Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, David R. Eltz, Stephanie Slon, and Nissi Wang.


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An attempt to update the series didn't work, but the original drama - spun off from "Beverly Hills, 90210" - had a very healthy run on Fox, as indicated by this set of episodes that closed out the Aaron Spelling-produced show's seven-year tenure.
Much of the drama revolves around the ever-twisting relationship of Amanda and Peter (Heather Locklear, Jack Wagner). Josie Bissett had returned to the show by this point, with founding cast member Thomas Calabro, Jamie Luner, Rob Estes, Kelly Rutherford and Rena Sofer among the other regulars. "The Final Season, Volume 2" also is available. *** (Not rated: AS, P, V)


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creative professionals
Travis Curry's Book Report I've never been a bookworm. In highschool I would find the cliff notes for any assigned readings and BS my way through class discussions and essays. We had summer reading assignments and I always got through those tests by the skin of my teeth! I thought reading


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Jay Pharoah is the best impersonator on the cast of Saturday Night Live right now. He is known for his stunningly accurate portrayals of President Obama, Jay-z, Will Smith, and more. SNL is on summer break right now, and Jay just couldn't help recording another funny impression!
OK! News: Listen to Beyonce's inspirational new song, "Rise Up."
He stopped by a morning radio show to do a hilarious freestyle just like Lil Wayne. And yes, just like Lil Wayne's typical songs, it is filled with curse word after curse word after curse word, like a filthy maniac. Listen here but know that it's super not safe for work (NSFW). Get some headphones and get ready to laugh!
What did you think of this impersonation? What's your favorite Jay impersonation? Who would you like him to try next? Tell us in the comments below or tweet us @OKMagazine.


text:
Elizabeth Smart overjoyed to hear of women
SALT LAKE CITY (AP) — Elizabeth Smart says she's overjoyed to hear about the happy ending for the Cleveland women who escaped Monday after being missing a decade.
Smart said Tuesday on ABC's Good Morning America (http://abcn.ws/YrUx5k ) that the ordeal highlights the importance of the public staying alert and vigilant. She advised the women to focus on moving forward and let go of the past. Smart says it's also important for others to respect the privacy of those women as they recover from the decade-long ordeal.
Smart was kidnapped from her bedroom in Salt Lake City when she was 14. She was freed nine months later when she was found walking with her captor on a suburban street in March 2003.
On Monday in downtown Cleveland, three women who vanished a decade ago were found.


text:
Current Medicinal Chemistry
ISSN 0929-8673 (Print)
Current Medicinal Chemistry covers all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design. Each issue contains a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of the current topics in medicinal chemistry. Current Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Volume 8, Number 13, 1 November 2001


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Difference between revisions of "OSEE/Developer Guidelines"
m (→Import OSEE Team Preferences)
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===Import OSEE Team Preferences ===
===Import OSEE Team Preferences ===
# Right-click on the following link [http://
# Right-click on the following link [http://.eclipse.org///org.eclipse.osee//plugins/org.eclipse.osee.support.config/osee_team_preferences.epf '''OSEE Team Preferences''']
# Select '''Save Link As'''
# Select '''Save Link As'''
# Enter '''osee_team_preferences.epf''' and click '''Save'''
# Enter '''osee_team_preferences.epf''' and click '''Save'''
|Line 36:
|Line 36:
# Select '''Import all'''
# Select '''Import all'''
# Click '''Finish''' to import settings
# Click '''Finish''' to import settings
===Check Style Configuration===
===Check Style Configuration===
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|Line 44:
# Select '''Remote Configuration''' under the '''Type''' drop down
# Select '''Remote Configuration''' under the '''Type''' drop down
# Set name to '''OSEE Checks (Eclipse)'''
# Set name to '''OSEE Checks (Eclipse)'''
# Copy the following link into the '''Location''' entry [http://
# Copy the following link into the '''Location''' entry [http://.eclipse.org///org.eclipse.osee//org.eclipse.osee.support.config/codeStyle/osee_check_style.xml '''OSEE Checks (Eclipse)''']
# Set the '''Cache configuration file''' checkbox to true
# Set the '''Cache configuration file''' checkbox to true
# Click '''OK'''
# Click '''OK'''
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|Line 59:
===PMD Configuration===
===PMD Configuration===
# Right-click on the following link [http://
# Right-click on the following link [http://.eclipse.org///org.eclipse.osee//org.eclipse.osee.support.config/codeStyle/osee_pmd_rule_set.xml '''OSEE PMD Rule Set''']
# Select '''Save Link As'''
# Select '''Save Link As'''
# Enter '''osee_pmd_rule_set.xml''' and click '''Save'''
# Enter '''osee_pmd_rule_set.xml''' and click '''Save'''
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== Monitor OSEE Bugs using Mylyn ==
== Monitor OSEE Bugs using Mylyn ==
== Coding Standards ==
== Coding Standards ==
=== Utility Classes ===
=== Utility Classes ===
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|Line 97:
=== Comments ===
=== Comments ===
Most comments offer more clutter than information, especially <tt>non-Javadoc</tt> comments which can be removed using the following regular expression \R[ \t]*/\*\s+[\* ]*\(non-Javadoc\)[^/]+/.
Most comments offer more clutter than information, especially <tt>non-Javadoc</tt> comments which can be removed using the following regular expression \R[ \t]*/\*\s+[\* ]*\(non-Javadoc\)[^/]+/.
== OSEE Master Test Suite ==
== OSEE Master Test Suite ==
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# Add new TestSuite to one of the MasterTestSuite java test suites
# Add new TestSuite to one of the MasterTestSuite java test suites
== Java Development
== Java Development ==
=== Threading ===
=== Threading ===
|Line 248:
|Line 377:
:Eclipse can detect deadlocks and gives locking information needed to determine the root cause
:Eclipse can detect deadlocks and gives locking information needed to determine the root cause
* When using a HashMap with more than one thread, use java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap instead
* When using a HashMap with more than one thread, use java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap instead
== SQL Examples ==
== SQL Examples ==
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|Line 455:
== Release Engineering ==
== Release Engineering ==
=== Eclipse.org downloads ===
=== Eclipse.org downloads ===
# use scp to connect to download1.eclipse.org
# use scp to connect to download1.eclipse.org
# set proxy if behind firewall
# set proxy if behind firewall
# /home/data/users/<commiterId>/downloads/technology/osee
# /home/data/users/<commiterId>/downloads/technology/osee
=== Managing Orbit Bundles ===
=== Managing Orbit Bundles ===
* http://wiki.eclipse.org/Orbit_Builds#Orbit_Builds_for_Orbit_Committers
* http://wiki.eclipse.org/Orbit_Builds#Orbit_Builds_for_Orbit_Committers
* http://wiki.eclipse.org/Adding_Bundles_to_Orbit
* http://wiki.eclipse.org/Adding_Bundles_to_Orbit
Revision as of 19:31, 4 October 2013
- 1 Before Committing Code
- 2 Code Quality Tools
- 3 Code Quality Configuration
- 4 Monitor OSEE Bugs using Mylyn
- 5 Coding Standards
- 6 REST API Documentation
- 7 OSEE Master Test Suite
- 7.1 Use Cases
- 7.2 Running the OSEE Test Suite
- 7.3 Common test utility plugin
- 7.4 Adding new Tests to MasterTestSuite
- 7.5 To create test fragment off plugin to be tested
- 7.6 To add a new JUnit TestCase
- 7.7 Things to consider
- 7.8 Master Test Suite - Frequently Asked Questions
- 7.8.1 What do I need for every test case?
- 7.8.2 Why do I get an exception on synchronized-lock when I launch the tests
- 7.8.3 Why do I get exceptions that cycle was detected when I add things to the org.eclipse.osee.test.util plugin
- 7.8.4 How do I timeout a test?
- 7.8.5 How do I test exception handling
- 7.9 To add a new JUnit TestSuite
- 7.10 Common test cases
- 8 GUI using RAP
- 9 Java Development
- 10 Unix Commands
- 11 SQL Examples
- 12 Release Engineering
Before Committing Code
- Synchronize and Update
- Run Code Quality Checks
- Ensure all the tests are green. (Tests projects can be identified by their '*.test' suffix. All tests have to be executed as plug-in unit tests.)
- Ensure the reference documentation is up to date (i.e. reflects your changes) (Documentation is maintained in project 'via the OSEE wiki').
Code Quality Tools
Update your eclipse installation with the following tools:
- Find Bugs - Used to perform static analysis on java code - Find Bugs Update Site
- PMD - Additional static analysis and code duplication checks - PMD Update Site
- Check Style - Code Style Checks - Check Style Update Site
- Eclipse Emma - Emma Coverage Tool Plugin For Eclipse - Emma update site
Installation for Find Bugs, PMD, Emma, and Check Style:
- Launch Eclipse and go to Help->Software Updates->Available Software
- Drag the Update Site URLs into the Software Update and Add-ons dialog
- Select code style tools to install - for Find Bugs make sure you only select the Eclipse 3.4 or later entry
- Click the Install button
- Once installation completes, restart eclipse
Code Quality Configuration
Import OSEE Team Preferences
- Right-click on the following link OSEE Team Preferences
- Select Save Link As
- Enter osee_team_preferences.epf and click Save
- Launch Eclipse
- Select File->Import
- Open the General folder
- Select Preferences
- Click on the Browse... button, navigate to the location where you saved osee_team_preferences.epf
- Select Import all
- Click Finish to import settings
Check Style Configuration
- Select Window->Preferences
- Select Checkstyle
- Under the General Settings set Rebuild projects if needed to always
- Under the Global Check Configurations, click the New button
- Select Remote Configuration under the Type drop down
- Set name to OSEE Checks (Eclipse)
- Copy the following link into the Location entry OSEE Checks (Eclipse)
- Set the Cache configuration file checkbox to true
- Click OK
- Select the OSEE Checks (Eclipse) configuration and click on Set as Default
- Click OK to accept settings
Find Bugs Configuration
- Select Window->Preferences->Java
- Select Find Bugs
- Set analysis effort to Default
- Click OK to accept settings
PMD Configuration
- Right-click on the following link OSEE PMD Rule Set
- Select Save Link As
- Enter osee_pmd_rule_set.xml and click Save
- In Eclipse, select Window->Preferences
- Select PMD->Rules Configuration
- Click on Import rule set...
- Click on Browse, navigate to the location where you saved osee_pmd_rule_set.xml
- Set the Import by Copy check box to true
- Select OK to import the rule set
- Select OK to accept the change and close the Preferences Dialog
Monitor OSEE Bugs using Mylyn
See Integrating OSEE and Bugzilla.
Coding Standards
- Redundant modifiers on interface method declarations
Chapter 9.4 of the Java Language Specification states: It is permitted, but discouraged as a matter of style, to redundantly specify the public and/or abstract modifier for a method declared in an interface.
Utility Classes
In order to optimize reuse of code, OSEE developers have adopted a set of standards.
Utility classes should:
- Be named xxxUtil. This allows for each searching and location by looking for *Util. This excludes stand-alone utility classes like HashCollection or CountingMap.
- As much as possible, be located in a package postfix'd with .util. eg. org.eclipse.osee.ats.util
- Should contain static methods
Cleanup of existing utility methods
The following needs to be done:
- Create set of common utility class names
- Move utilities to their respective places
- Either deprecate or replace uses of old locations
Most comments offer more clutter than information, especially non-Javadoc comments which can be removed using the following regular expression
\R[ \t]*/\*\s+[\* ]*\(non-Javadoc\)[^/]+/.
Regular Expression Find/Replace application of standards
([^ ]+) != null && !(\1).equals\(""\)replace with
([^ ]+) == null \|\| (\1).equals\(""\)replace with
REST API Documentation
Jersey and Javadoc supported tags in the code are processed during the maven compile phase to create an enhanced application.wadl file. The enhancements include extra documentation pulled from the source. The following set of tags should be used so a consistant set of documentation is available for all REST interfaces.
Jersey Tags
- Every class implementing REST methods should use an @Path tag even if the paths is empty (e.g. @Path("") ).
- All parameters should be tagged with the appropriate @xxxParam tag (e.g. @PathParam, @QueryParam, etc.).
- The @Consumes tag should be used as appropriate for methods that take in data.
- The @Produces tag should be used as appropriate for methods returning information.
Javadoc Tags
- Use the '@param name description' for every parameter in the method. The 'name' needs to match the method paramater name
- Use the '@return description' as appropriate
The Jersey wadl generator supports additional tags for documenting request and response information.
- Use the '@response.representation.xxx.doc description' for all valid responses from the method
- Use the '@response.representation.xxx.mediaType type' when the media type is different than specified in @Produces
@Path("/TakeAREST") public class TakeAREST { /** * Find a great RESTing place for your resources * @param place The ideal spot to look for RESTing * @return The best RESTing spot available * @response.representation.200.doc found the spot for you * @response.representation.503.doc RESTing places are currently unavailable. Try again later. */ @GET @Produces({"application/xml", "application/json"}) public String getPlaceToREST(@QueryParam("place") String place) { return "RESTing Place"; } /** * Store a RESTing spot for others to find and use * @param spot Just a good spot for RESTing * @return Acknowledging the location of the RESTing spot * @response.representation.200.doc This is a good spot * @response.representation.404.doc Wasn't able to create the shared RESTing spot * @response.representation.404.mediaType plain/txt */ @PUT @Consumes("plain/txt") @Produces("application/xml") public RestReturn createRESTingSpot(@PathParam("spot") String spot) { RestReturn myRet = new RestReturn(); myRet.setName("A Great Name"); myRet.setUuid("UniqueID"); return myRet; }
OSEE Master Test Suite
OSEE uses JUnit 4 for its test suites. Some links to get started:
Use Cases
Requirements of the OSEE test suite:
- Single button press to run all tests
- Minimal number of launch configurations to maintain
- Ability for any user, internal or external, to easily run a suite of tests before commit
- Continuous integration (checkout, build, test, report)
- Use JUnit framework for all testing
- Enable health checks against production database to be part of test suite
- New test cases can be added easily
Running the OSEE Test Suite
The OSEE test suite uses the org.eclipse.osee.ats.config.demo plugin to initialize a demo database, populate it with demo data and run the majority of the OSEE tests against this common data set.
These tests are contributed to the MasterTestSuite groups using Eclipse's extension point framework. Any Test Suite can implement IOseeTest and extend the OseeTest extension point to be contributed to the appropriate test suite(s).
Steps to test
- Checkout org.eclipse.osee.ats.config.demo
- Checkout org.eclipse.osee.support.test
- Run the following tests in order and resolve any errors:
- Run the Demo database tests:
- Run the OSEE Demo Application Server launch config
- Run the MasterTestSuite_DemoDbInit launch config. This initializes the postgres database for demo populate and tests
- Run the MasterTestSuite_DemoDbPopulate launch config. This loads the database with branches, actions and sets conditions for populate tests.
- Run the MasterTestSuite_DemoDbTests launch config. This runs tests against the DemoDb Populated database.
- Stop the OSEE Demo Application Server if still running
- Run the Production TestDb tests:
- Run the OSEE Application Server launch config.
- Run the MasterTestSuite_TestDbInit launch config. This initializes the postgres database for production testdb tests
- Run the MasterTestSuite_TestDbTests launch config. - This runs production specific tests using a TestDb.
- Run the Production tests and health checks against the current production release
- Run the MasterTestSuite_ProductionTests launch config. This runs tests and health checks against the current production released database.
- Run the Demo database tests:
Common test utility plugin
The plugin org.eclipse.osee.support.test.util is in support of our testing framework. It has a number of common enums and a TestUtil class that should be used by any junit tests. The intent is to keep this plugin lightweight and without many dependencies cause all the testing fragments "should" include it. In addition, it should not be included by any production plugins, only test fragments.
Adding new Tests to MasterTestSuite
To create test fragment off plugin to be tested
All OSEE JUnit tests should live in a fragment of the plugin to be tested.
- Select plugin to be tested
- Right-click -> New Project -> Plugin Project -> Plugin Fragment
- Enter plugin to be tested as Host plugin
- Complete wizard
- In plugin to be tested (eg org.eclipse.osee.ats)
- Add "Eclipse-ExtensibleAPI: true" to MANIFEST.MF of plugin to be tested. This allows test suites to see tests in this plugin
- In new fragment (eg org.eclipse.osee.ats.test)
- Add org.junit4 (make sure junit4, not junit) to dependencies
- Add the common test utility plugin org.eclipse.osee.support.test.util plugin to dependencies
- Export packages containing TestCases and TestSuites
- In MasterTestSuite plugin (eg org.eclipse.osee.support.test)
- Add dependency on plugin to be tested (ge org.eclipse.osee.ats)
- Add test cases and suites from fragment to appropriate MasterTestSuite java Test Suites
To add a new JUnit TestCase
- Write the TestCase to run against a database populated with DemoDbInit and DemoDbPopulate
- Add the TestCase to an existing MasterTestSuite_DemoDbTests test suite
Things to consider
- Your tests must clean-up after themselves to ensure that the entire test suite can be run.
- Do not assume order of execution except within your own Test Suite
Master Test Suite - Frequently Asked Questions
What do I need for every test case?
- import static org.junit.Assert.*;
- In setup method (@Before), always assert that you are on correct database by adding one of these
assertTrue("Should be run on production datbase.", TestUtil.isProductionDb()); assertTrue("Should be run on test datbase.", TestUtil.isTestDb()); assertTrue("Should be run on demo datbase.", TestUtil.isDemoDb());
- In setup method (@Before), always assert that you have correct app server running *
assertTrue("Demo Application Server must be running.", ClientSessionManager.getAuthenticationProtocols().contains("demo")); assertTrue("Client must authenticate using demo protocol", ClientSessionManager.getSession().getAuthenticationProtocol().equals("demo")); assertFalse("Application Server must be running.", ClientSessionManager.getAuthenticationProtocols().contains("demo")); assertFalse("Client can't authenticate using demo protocol", ClientSessionManager.getSession().getAuthenticationProtocol().equals("demo")); }
Why do I get an exception on synchronized-lock when I launch the tests
The launch configuration does not have all plugins necessary to run.
- Open Debug Configurations for that launch item
- Go to plugins tab and select "Validate Plugins". This will show if any plugins are missing from selected items.
- Select "Add Required Plugins" to add them.
- Re-launch.
Why do I get exceptions that cycle was detected when I add things to the org.eclipse.osee.test.util plugin
This plugin is meant to be extremely light-weight and only provide simple statics and methods to all the test plugins. Because it has to be included in all test fragments from jdk.core all the way up to framework.ui (skynet.ui), it can not depend on any of the higher level plugins or cycles will occur. Remove these dependencies and cycles will be fixed.
How do I timeout a test?
Define a timeout period in miliseconds with "timeout" parameter. The test fails when the timeout period exceeds. view
@Test(timeout = 1000) public void infinity() { while (true); }
How do I test exception handling
Exception Handling Use "expected" paramater with @Test annotation for test cases that expect exception. Write the class name of the exception that will be thrown. view plainprint?
@Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class) public void divisionWithException() { // divide by zero simpleMath.divide(1, 0); }
To add a new JUnit TestSuite
- Create a fragment for the plugin (see above)
- Create new JUnit TestCases as above
- Create a new JUnit TestSuite
- Add new TestSuite to one of the MasterTestSuite java test suites
Common test cases
/* COMPANY DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT */ package com.company.component.testcase; import ... import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test; /** * @link <link_to_class_under_test> * @author <you> */ public final class MySuperbTest { private static SevereLoggingMonitor monitorLog = null; private static Artifact myRootArtifact = null; @Test public void importSimpleArtifacts() throws Exception { Assert.assertTrue("Some message...", conditionToBeTrue); } @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { /* some pre init stuff before each case */ } @After public void tearDown() throws Exception { /* useful to destroy any artifacts after your test */ new PurgeArtifacts(myRootArtifact.getChildren()).execute(); /* example how you would wrap one element to pass in */ new PurgeArtifacts(Collections.singletonList(myRootArtifact)).execute(); } @BeforeClass public static void setUpOnce() throws Exception { monitorLog = TestUtil.severeLoggingStart(); } @AfterClass public static void tearDownOnce() throws Exception { TestUtil.severeLoggingEnd(monitorLog); /* any other final cleanup */ } }
GUI using RAP
- The term "RAP client" is used to identify the software that displays the actual UI of a RAP application and communicates with the RAP server using the RAP Protocol.
- The RAP Protocol is JSON-based message format that fully decouples the RAP server and client with the intention of making the client exchangeable.
Java Development
Learning Java
Excellent Sources
- Head First Java, 2nd Edition (available in Safari and from Amazon)
- Stack Overflow for answers to specific questions
From the Creator of Java: Trails Covering the Basics
- Learning the Java Language — Lessons describing the essential concepts and features of the Java Programming Language
- Essential Java Classes — Lessons on exceptions, basic input/output, concurrency, regular expressions
- Collections — Lessons on using and extending the Java Collections Framework
Two alternative learning sources:
- Collections.synchronizedMap still requires manual synchronization on the returned map when iterating over any of its collection views.
- Eclipse -> Debug Perspective -> Debug view (stacktrace view) -> white downward arrow menu -> Java -> Show Monitors
- Eclipse can detect deadlocks and gives locking information needed to determine the root cause
- When using a HashMap with more than one thread, use java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap instead
Unix Commands
find <filename> -type f -exec chown <new_owner> {} \; -exec chmod 664 {} \; du -hs * tail -f /var/tmp/my.log netstat -an vi find and replace: s/pattern1/pattern2/g find . -exec grep -l pattern {} \; finger -wpsf <user>
SQL Examples
-- create a trigger that runs each time rows are deleted from osee_server_lookup CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER osee_server_lookup_brd BEFORE DELETE ON osee_server_lookup FOR each ROW BEGIN INSERT INTO find_user( user_name, chg_date) VALUES (USER, sysdate ); END; -- create a synonym in the osee_client scheme to the table osee_enum_type_def owned by scheme osee and then give osee_client privileges to actually use it CREATE OR REPLACE SYNONYM osee_client.osee_enum_type_def FOR osee.osee_enum_type_def; GRANT SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT ON osee_enum_type_def TO osee_client; -- an update statement that involves another table UPDATE osee_attribute_type aty SET enum_type_id = (SELECT et.enum_type_id FROM osee_enum_type et WHERE aty.name = et.enum_type_name) WHERE validity_xml IS NOT NULL; -- retrieve duplicate HRIDS, its GUID and Artifact Type name: SELECT t1.guid, t1.human_readable_id, t3.name FROM osee_artifact t1, osee_artifact_type t3 WHERE t1.human_readable_id IN (SELECT t2.human_readable_id FROM osee_artifact t2 GROUP BY t2.human_readable_id HAVING COUNT(t2.human_readable_id) > 1) AND t3.art_type_id = t1.art_type_id ORDER BY t1.human_readable_id; -- retrieve the number of attributes with the specified value: -- (Note: COUNT function returns the number of rows in a query, COUNT(1) is for better performance; -- In the below example, the COUNT function does not need to retrieve all fields from the osee attribute table -- as it would if you used the COUNT(*) syntax. It will merely retrieve the numeric value of 1 for each record -- that meets your criteria) SELECT COUNT(1) FROM osee_attribute WHERE VALUE LIKE ?, WHERE ? == '%<value>%' -- retrieve the number of commit comments with the specified value: SELECT COUNT(1) FROM osee_tx_details WHERE osee_comment LIKE ?, WHERE ? == '%value>%' -- retrieve the number of branch names with the specified value: SELECT COUNT(1) FROM osee_branch WHERE branch_name LIKE ?, WHERE ? == '%value>%' -- retrieve all data from the specified tables on a specific artifact SELECT * FROM osee_artifact_version arv, osee_txs txs, osee_tx_details txd WHERE art_id = <value> AND arv.gamma_id = txs.gamma_id AND txs.transaction_id = txd.transaction_id -- retrieve all data from the osee artifact table for the specified artifact SELECT * FROM osee_artifact WHERE art_id=<value> -- list execution plans SELECT DISTINCT 'explain plan set statement_id = ' || sql_id || ' for ' || sql_text || ';' AS ex FROM v$sql WHERE LOWER(sql_text) LIKE 'select%osee_relation_link%' AND sql_text NOT LIKE '%DS_SVC%' AND sql_text NOT LIKE '%SYS.DUAL%' AND parsing_schema_name = 'OSEE_CLIENT' ORDER BY ex; SELECT * FROM plan_table;
Release Engineering
Eclipse.org downloads
- use scp to connect to download1.eclipse.org with your standard committer credentials
- set proxy if behind firewall
- /home/data/users/<commiterId>/downloads/technology/osee
Managing Orbit Bundles
- http://wiki.eclipse.org/Orbit_Builds
- http://wiki.eclipse.org/Orbit_Builds#Orbit_Builds_for_Orbit_Committers
- http://wiki.eclipse.org/Adding_Bundles_to_Orbit
- http://wiki.eclipse.org/Orbit_Bundle_Checklist
- http://build.eclipse.org:9777/dashboard/tab/builds
- builds -> orbit-I -> click the circular arrow (force build)
- New -> Other... -> Plug-in Project
- check "Create a java project"
- "an osgi Framework": Equinox
- no activator
- Bundle Id: <my.plugin>
- Bundle-Version: 10.5.1.1_qualifier
- Name: %bundleName
- Provider: %bundleProvider
- delete .settings folder
- create folder <my.plugin>/source-bundle
- create folder <my.plugin>/source-bundle/META-INF
- create file <my.plugin>/source-bundle/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
- Bundle Id: <my.plugin>.source
- Eclipse-SourceBundle: <my.plugin>
- create file <my.plugin>/readme.txt
- copy plugin.properties to <my.plugin>/plugin.properties
- update bundleName
- copy <my.plugin>/plugin.properties to <my.plugin>/source-bundle/plugin.properties
- copy about.html to <my.plugin>/about.html
- create folder <my.plugin>/about_files
- copy licensing text files here
- extract content of binary jar file into root of <my.plugin> (do not over-write MANIFEST.MF)
- select project in workspace -> context menu -> Refresh
- Manifest editor -> Build tab
- check <my.plugin>/about.html under both your Binary Build and Source Build
- check <my.plugin>/about_files under both your Binary Build and Source Build
- check <my.plugin>/plugin.properties
- check <my.plugin>/<class folder>
- copy <my.plugin>/about.html to <my.plugin>/source-bundle/about.html
- copy <my.plugin>/about_files to <my.plugin>/source-bundle/about_files
- context menu on <my.plugin> -> Properties -> Java Build Path
- Source Tab -> remove all source folders
- Libraries -> Add class Folder ... -> select root project
- expand newly added class folder and select source attachment -> Edit... -> Workspace... -> /<my.plugin>/source-bundle
- Order and Export -> ensure libraries and class folders are marked exported
- edit <my.plugin>/.project
- add a space and then the 3 part version number to the project name
- edit <my.plugin>/build.properties
- ensure exists: output.. = . and remove source.. = .
- edit <my.plugin>/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF:
- add line: Bundle-Localization: plugin
- copy source to <my.plugin>/source-bundle/
- copy <my.plugin>/build.properties to <my.plugin>/source-bundle/build.properties
- add to bin.includes the root directory of the source (i.e. org, com, etc.)
- Note: the source bundle's build.properties entries must be relative to <my.plugin>/source-bundle/ (rather than just <my.plugin>/)
- context menu on <my.plugin> -> Team -> Share Project... -> CVS -> "dev.eclipse.org/cvsroot/tools"
- Use specified module name -> org.eclipse.orbit/<my.plugin>
- uncheck Launch the Commit wizard
- context menu on <my.plugin>/readme.txt and <my.plugin>/.project -> Team -> Commit... -> "initial project creation"
- select project in workspace -> context menu -> Team > Branch...
- "v<version number>" where <version number> original libraries version with '.' s replaced with '_' . (i.e. version is 2.3 would go in the v2_3 branch)
- check "Work with this branch"
- delete <my.plugin>/readme.txt
- CVS check out org.eclipse.orbit/org.eclipse.orbit.build.feature.set1
- edit /org.eclipse.orbit.build.feature.set1/feature.xml
- add plugin
- set download-size and install-size
- CVS check out org.eclipse.orbit/org.eclipse.orbit.releng
- edit /org.eclipse.orbit.releng/maps/bundles.map
- email@example.com,10.5.1=CVS,tag=v200910011000,cvsRoot=:pserver:firstname.lastname@example.com:/cvsroot/tools,path=org.eclipse.orbit/org.apache.derby.net
- email@example.com,10.5.1=CVS,tag=v200910011000,cvsRoot=:pserver:firstname.lastname@example.com:/cvsroot/tools,path=org.eclipse.orbit/org.apache.derby.net/source-bundle
- if you edited /org.eclipse.orbit.build.feature.set1/feature.xml, then update the map file's tag also (so the updated version will be used)
- context menu on <my.plugin> -> Team -> Commit...
- context menu on <my.plugin> -> Team -> Tag as Version... use the CVS tag you put in the map file
- context menu on org.eclipse.orbit.build.feature.set1 -> Team -> Tag as Version... (if you changed it)
- edit /org.eclipse.orbit.releng/psf/orbit.psf
- Update the IP Log


text:
I have imputed dataset from IMPUTE2, including .info, .info_by_sample, and .txt.gz (contains the genotype data) files. I would like to know how I can convert these data files into the .mlinfo and .mldose files. I tried to use the package in R (DatABEL) to convert the .txt.gz file into the filevector format. After 20 minutes, it gave me an error as:
Code: Select all
Error in (function (cl, name, valueClass) :
assignment of an object of class "NULL" is not valid for @'data' in an object of class "databel"; is(value, "externalptr") is not TRUE
I am wondering if there are other tools that I can use to generate the .mldoes files. Moreover, I would like to know how to generate the .mlinfo file from the IMPUTE2 data.I assume that the "info" in IMPUTE2 corresponds to the "Rsq" in .mlinfo and "certainty" in IMPUTE2 corresponds to the "Quality" in .mlinfo. However, I don't know where I can find the allele information (A1, A2).
Thank you so much!
Lai Jiang.


text:
Happy New Year!
Welcome to Week 49 of the Handmade Wednesday Store & Blog Hop hosted by Blue Eyed Blessings and Crocheted Little Things!
Are you trying to get your Crafty Blog and/or Store off the ground?
Looking for more followers for your crafty related blogs?
Looking for more people to "favorite" your store?
Are you looking for new hip and original crafty stores?
If you said yes, to any of the above questions, you're in the right spot!
Each week we'll spotlight one crafty Blog & crafty Site picked at random via Random.org to be included in the next week's Wednesday Handmade Store & Blog Hop Linky!
{Store} Rubi's Art & More ETSY Store
How will the LINKY work? Easy!
1) Enter your blog and/or store into the appropriate Linky below!
*BLOGS* = 1st set of Linky's
*STORES* = 2nd set of Linky's
*For the STORES link, please specify what type of store: ETSY:, ARTFIRE:, etc.!
2) Follow the Handmade Wednesday Hosts & Co-Hosts! Leave a comment letting us know you're stopping by from Handmade Wednesday, so we can follow you back!!
3) Visit & Follow the blog directly ahead of you in the linky! Leave them a comment too, telling them you stopped by!
4) Grab our Button and Linky Codes to share with all your Blogging, Etsy, Artifre, etc. with your friends!
*Please remember that our blogs are Family Friendly and any thumbnails or links that we feel are inappropriate will be removed*
Add Your CRAFTY STORES Here!


text:
Grand Rapids Press:
Student Advancement Foundation leaders credit the community's generosity and a radio personality's auction for raising $120,000 at Tuesday's fund-raiser -- double what the group raised last year. Executive Director Susan Heartwell said Tony Gates of WLAV-FM radio suggested trying to get attendees to top each other's pledges for the foundation's focus areas, with additional donors offering to match pledges up to $5,000. That activity raised $40,000... Radio personality helps foundation double fundraising efforts for Grand Rapids schools (Thu, 4/30)
South Bend Tribune:
Because of the University of Notre Dame's planned new hockey arena, radio station WDND-1490 AM is now broadcasting most of its programming on WPNT-1620 AM. The signal on 1490 AM will cease sometime between 11:30 a.m. and 5 p.m. today, because the station's former tower on the Notre Dame campus is coming down to make way for the university's new hockey arena, the radio station announced. Most of the station's ESPN radio programming has shifted to 1620 AM ... The programming switch to 1620 AM is long term -- for at least three months and perhaps up to a year -- until the company finds a location for a new signal tower, said Arthur Angotti III, a spokesman for Artistic Media Partners... Hockey arena construction forces 1490 AM switch (Wed, 4/29)


text:
Elliot Rodger's Chilling Pre-Massacre Video Reveals Horrific Killing Motives
Elliot Rodger, the 22-year-old gunman who murdered six people and injured several others on May 23, released a chilling video on YouTube just hours before his murderous rampage near the campus of the University of California Santa Barbara.
In the hours leading up to his May 23 killing rampage, Elliot Rodger released a video on YouTube that would send chills running down your spine. In the seven minute long clip he speaks at length about what drove him to carry out his horrific act.
Elliot Rodger's Chilling Pre-massacre Video: Why He Did It
Around 9:20 p.m. on the night of May 23 all hell broke loose as Elliot went on a shooting spree. The 22-year-old student stabbed his three roommates to death, then opened fire near the UC Santa Barbara campus, killing three more people before killing himself.
But just hours before that he released a chilling and creepy video where he introduces himself then goes into a rant about how he's a virgin.
The creepy clip, which runs for almost seven minutes, shows Elliot saying, "College is the time when everyone experiences those things such as sex and fun and pleasure. But in those years I've had to rot in loneliness. It's not fair. You girls have never been attracted to me. I don't know why you girls aren't attracted to me. But I will punish you all for it."
Santa Barbara Shooter Guns Down Victims Out Of Sexual Frustrations
Elliot was officially identified as the shooter by a lawyer representing the family, reports ABCNews. Sheriff's deputies also linked Elliot to both the crime scene and the video saying that they "appear to be connected."
— Bryant Perkins


text:
The Projects section of our website contains design ideas and exciting uses for our products.
Check back often as new projects will be posted. For additional Projects visit our Community Page.
Turn simple glass jars into creative candle holders using Jacquard's Marbling Kit and Lumiere 3D!
Pearl Ex Powders and embossed polymer clay turn a simple white box into a lovely gift box!
Customize a beautiful, elegant scarf with Jacquard's Silk Colors, Gutta and Soy Wax.
Try your hand at airbrushing with Ton Jansen's introduction to working with Jacquard's Airbrush Paints.
Enhance your decor with a small decorative throw pillow or attach a loop to the back and hang it on the wall.
Jacquard's Pinata alcohol inks paired with white eggshells make for beautiful mosaic art!
Jacquard's Color Magnet,and tjap stencils are a match made in heaven!
Use these easy instructions for a version of Sugar Skulls without the weight gain!
Fun and easy project allows you to create sun prints from everyday objects on cotton or silk!
Use our Chromatic Pearl Ex Colors to create bright jewel and metallic beads!
Use SolarFast Dyes and the sun to create a unique pillow cover!
Create Beautiful Geode Eggs Using Jacquard's Acid Dye!
Great Solution for saving your valuables from your pets
Turn Stabilized Fabric into beautiful and imaginative Flags using Lumiere 3D and Textile Colors.
Create beautiful and decorative wristbands using Lumiere 3D and Piñata.
Create beautiful and decorative wristbands using Lumiere 3D and Piñata.
Create beautiful and decorative wristbands using Lumiere 3D and Piñata.
Create beautiful and decorative wristbands using Lumiere 3D and Piñata.
Create beautiful and decorative wristbands using Lumiere 3D and Piñata.
This decorative birdhouse will look great in any romantic style home.
Adorable bunny with ExtravOrganza and Lumiere. Great project for Easter or any time!
Textural canvas layered with Lumiere, Lumiere 3D and Cernit Clay.
This quick and easy project makes adorable stocking stuffers for loved ones.
Add interest to photos by over-printing with Castaway.
Quick and easy project to use Castaway papers!
Create four different looks by stopping at different points in this project.
Use broad point Tee Juice markers to create this heirloom Christmas tree banner.
Use a combination of collage and batik to create this gorgeous t-shirt.
Transform a plain black t-shirt into something gorgeous in a short amount of time.
Add a touch of intrigue and whimsy to any floral arrangement with your own handmade flowers.
These are a simple, easy and fun way to present homemade canned goods - perfect for gifts!
Create a gorgeous waistcoat from silk and Jacquard Dye-Na-Flow.
Transform plain silverware with "stoneware" handles made with Cernit polymer clay.
Create these fun and colorful cuff bracelets with ExtravOrganza and Cernit Polymer Clay.
Designer inspired pillow using ExtravOrganza, Lumiere and Neopaque.
Ribbon techniques with ExtravOrganza for cards or scrapbook elements.
Printed silk ExtravOrganza dresses up recycled bottles to make gorgeous and inexpensive vases.
A hand-painted fall leaf scarf is a delightful gift, the perfect clothing accessory and very easy to make.
Create a beautiful pendant with Piñata Colors, Pearl Ex, and polymer clay.
Create a fun canvas tote to stuff with treats this Halloween!
Liven up a lampshade blank with Jacquard Textile Colors and a little fringe.
Made with Inkjet Silk by Noelle Faulkner.
Easy to do tie-dye pattern with Procion MX Dyes.
Use our Indigo Tie Dye Kit to make this gorgeous quilt.
Add some magic to plain white shoes with our Indigo Tie Dye Kit
With a simple pattern and bold color you can brighten up any table!
Lumiere and Shrink Plastic make unique charms for just about anything.
Use Jacquard Lumiere to give a lampshade a metallic copper look.
Guests at your table will enjoy peering through a glass window to see a fancy clay floral inside.
Is a Christmas stocking not big enough for all the presents Santa's going to leave?
Give that plain, old, ugly office stapler a makeover!
Imagine painting your own beach chair with a beach scene!
These cotton umbrellas from Jacquard are fun to paint and addictive.
3 Parasols with Dye-Na-Flow and ExtravOrganza!
Recycle a cardboard tube into a favor pouch and decorate with photo transferred images.
Create a variety of gorgeous finishes with clear glass ornaments and Pearl Ex.
Use Sculpey clay and Jacquard Pearl Ex to create beautiful embossed switch covers.
Make these colorful flowers with Cernit clay and Piñata Inks.
This easy project produces spectacular glass ornaments!
Clay tiles are painted with Piñata and Neopaque.
Using your favorite stocking pattern, you can create a beautiful heirloom gift for the holidays.
Another tie-dye pattern with Procion MX Dyes.
Use Pearl Ex to emboss, highlight, and metallicise your cards, name tags, letters, scrapbooking, and more.
Print color photographs and text on ExtravOrganza for Scrapbooking.
Very simple tie-dye pattern with Procion MX Dyes.
Doll project by Patti Medaris Culea.
This is a great first project to explore soy batik; the wax acts as a resist on the scarf, making painting almost foolproof.
A great classroom activity for kids and adults alike.
Learn this classic tie-dye pattern with Procion MX Dyes.
Stitched tie-dye pattern with Procion MX Dyes.
Transform a glass jar into a beautiful vase with Piñata Colors.
These simple glass columns are spiced up with textured metallics—thanks to Pearl Ex and Sculpey!
Transform an ordinary footstool using stencils and acrylic paints.
Hand-paint a treasured doily, napkin or placemat and shape it into a planter!
Using your favorite stocking pattern, you can create a beautiful heirloom gift for the holidays.
This hand-painted silk wreath has old-fashioned spirit and a modern twist.