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Well let's turn to the Word of God in Mark 14. We need to be on the fast track in Mark, as you know. And you're probably aware that next Sunday is Easter Sunday and there is no way we are going to be at the resurrection by next Sunday. So that will be a few weeks after that. So we're going to have an Easter Sunday celebration next week but the message is going to be on our Lord's experiencing Gethsemane, in Gethsemane. We will celebrate the resurrection but we'll stay with the chronology as we flow through the gospel of Mark. These are wonderful days for us. We are covering a lot at a rapid pace, but I think it's a wonderful way to experience these last hours of our Lord's earthly live.
I want to draw you to chapter 14 of Mark and verses 17 through 26…Mark 14:17, "When it was evening, He came with the Twelve. As they were reclining at the table and eating, Jesus said, 'Truly I say to you, one of you will betray Me, one who is eating with Me.' They began to be grieved and to say to Him one by one, 'Surely not I.' And He said to them, 'It is one of the Twelve, one who dips with Me in the bowl, for the Son of Man is to go just as it is written of Him. But woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed, it would have been good for that man if he had not been born.' While they were eating, He took some bread and after a blessing, He broke it and gave it to them and said, 'Take it, this is My body.' And when He had taken a cup and given thanks, He gave it to them and they all drank from it. And He said to them, 'This is My blood of the Covenant which is poured out for many. Truly I say to you, I will never again drink of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the Kingdom of God.' After singing a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives."
This takes place, as you know, on Thursday night of Passion Week. It is in the Jewish calendar the fourteenth of Nisan, year 30 A.D. And on that Thursday night is the Passover celebration for all of the Galilean Jews. In the Galilee, they celebrated their Passover on Thursday because they mark the Passover day from sunrise to sunrise. The Judean Jews in the south celebrated their Passover on Friday because they marked the Passover day from sunset to sunset. This difference we know from the writings of the Jewish Mishnah which are the official documents concerning the conduct of the Jews, and also from the history of Josephus. That's important because that allowed our Lord to celebrate the Passover on Thursday night for a lot of critical reasons and still be the Passover on Friday, because they were two authorized and legitimate celebrations.
This Passover is monumental. For 1500 years since the Exodus, Passover has been celebrated at that time of year by the Jews without a break. This is the last Passover. This is the final legitimate Passover. This marks the end of the Old and the beginning of the New. It is not only the last Passover, it is the first communion. Our Lord Himself makes the transition, taking the components of the last Passover and redefining them as the elements of His table. The Old Testament is over and the New Testament has come.
Now it is essential that our Lord be the Passover on Friday and die at three o'clock at exactly the time the Judeans were slaughtering the lambs for their Passover, for He is the Passover Lamb and God made the timing perfect because Jesus died exactly at that time on Friday. But it also is crucial that He celebrate the Passover and thus this tradition of one on Thursday and one on Friday fits perfectly in to the purpose and plan of God who is in control, after all, of all of history. The Lord needs to celebrate this final Passover because it is commanded to do that and that allows Him again, as always, to fulfill all righteousness. He also needs to celebrate it in order that He might define it as the end and that He might inaugurate the new memorial that we call Communion and make the transition. It is also critical that He have time, prolonged time, from the very beginning of evening till after midnight to instruct His disciples. And all of that instruction is contained in John chapter 13 through chapter 16. It is a crucial area of biblical instruction and it is capped off by the great High Priestly prayer of our Lord recorded in John 17.
Within that there are promises about the future, as well as a listing of all the necessary resources for their survival in what was to come. The main promise that our Lord gave them during those hours was the promise of the coming of the Holy Spirit. It also provided an opportunity for Him on His schedule, on His timing when He wanted it done to initiate the action of Judas, to bring about his death right on God's schedule, a crucial Thursday evening then.
Now having said that those are the components of that evening, we don't know all of the chronological sequence with any precision. It really isn't that important to know what followed what. It only matters that we know what happened. All of these things that are important are laid out for us by the four gospel writers who write about Thursday night and collectively we get the full picture, if not in any kind of order. What happened is critical, the sequence is not.
The lamb for the sacrifice was chosen on Monday and God chose His Lamb on Monday and as the rest brought their lambs into the city on Monday, so our Lord came into the city of Jerusalem as God's chosen Lamb on the day the lambs were chosen. The lambs would then be killed either on Thursday or Friday, whether you were a Galilean or a Judean determined that. They would be killed by the priests and then eaten by those who brought their lamb. This Lamb, however, was not killed by the priests, the true Lamb of God would be killed by God Himself. It pleased the Lord to do that.
Passover was a very simple memorial. It looked back to the Exodus in Egypt. The final plague, you remember in the book of Exodus, was the slaying of the firstborn in every family. And the only way that you could avoid the angel of death coming by and killing the firstborn was to sacrifice the lamb and spread the blood of that lamb on the cross piece and the side pieces, the wooden pieces of the door. And where the angel of death saw that, he passed by, hence-Passover.
What that said was that protection from the judgment of God, deliverance from the wrath of God requires death and requires, listen, the death of an innocent substitute. That's what the sacrificial system communicated. Very simple, that deliverance from sin's judgment, from divine wrath can be provided by the death of an innocent substitute. The lamb was innocent from an iniquitous viewpoint. But no lamb ever satisfied God. That is why millions of them had been slaughtered through those fifteen hundred years. But now, this would be the last legitimate Passover because the next day the one who was the true Passover Lamb, 1 Corinthians 5:7, Christ our Passover, would be slain. And the reality would come, the substance would come and the symbols and the shadows would cease. The slaughter of these lambs had gone on for centuries, but now only one more day. At exactly the hour of slaughter on Friday afternoon, the true Lamb would die, the veil in the temple would be ripped from top to bottom, and the system of sacrifice, the Levitical system would come to its final end. And it would be ended not by Judas and not by Herod and not by Caiaphas and not by the Jewish leaders at the Sanhedrin and not by the Romans, it would be ended by God who offered up His own Son as the perfect sacrifice.
And now again, it's Thursday evening. Peter and John have gone to make preparations. The disciples as Thursday began, you remember, said, "Where are we going to have the Passover? There's thirteen of us, where are we going to have the Passover?" And remember now, they were Galileans who had an iterant ministry not only all over Galilee but in the last year of our Lord's ministry, in Judea and they had to stay with somebody. Our Lord even said, "The foxes have holes, the birds have nests, the Son of Man has not where to lay His head." They had been staying that week in the home of Mary, Martha and Lazarus. But the question is, where are we going to hold the Passover?
And the Lord answers the question by sending Peter and John, Luke tells us that in Luke 22:8, to find a man carrying a water jar and follow him and the Lord had obviously set it up. And he will take you to the place. They went to the place, Peter and John, and never left. So when Thursday evening comes, the other ten and the Lord head toward an unknown place. Why the secret? Judas, that's why. Our Lord knew what Judas was plotting. He knew what he was planning. And He knew that it would have been a perfect place for Him to be taken by the temple police under the leadership of the Sanhedrin if He was in a room at night, the streets were empty, the place was pitch dark, it wouldn't be in public view and if they knew He was going to be there, He would be defenseless and they would come and take Him. And in order to prevent Judas from having the opportunity to know where the place was and go tell the leaders of Israel, He made sure they never knew until they arrived there and then Judas couldn't leave or he would have been exposed. He would leave, but he wouldn't leave until the Lord commissioned him to leave so that everything would happen on the Lord's timetable and not that of Judas or the Jewish leaders.
So eventually, they all arrive. And that's what we see in verse 17. It was evening of that Thursday and He came with the Twelve. He actually came technically with ten, the other two remaining there and they were all together. And again, we don't have a fixed chronology, but this evening then begins…when evening begins at the setting of the sun, and runs past midnight. It is a long meal. Into that evening, the four gospels fit the following components…the Passover meal itself, the exposure of Judas, the action of Satan, the confrontation of Peter about his denial, the discussion among the Apostles about who of them will be the greatest, the unparalleled act of washing their feet, the teaching of John 13 to 16 which includes the promise of the Holy Spirit and persecution, and all other resources that will be made available to them, the prayer of Jesus in John 17, and some other warnings to the Apostles. All of that occurs and is woven and around the events that go on many hours at the Passover. Again, the components are crucial, the sequence is not.
Let's just break it up into two parts: the final Passover and the First Communion, okay? Let's look at the final Passover, verse 17.
Sunset officially starts Passover traditionally. The lambs have been slain. Prior to that, the place has been set. It is unknown to us. I know there's a traditional place in the city of Jerusalem where they say the Lord had His last Passover, but that is purely a traditional place. There is nothing in the New Testament that indicates where it was. And that makes sense if you're trying to keep it a secret at that time, and maybe the disciples didn't even know whose it was when they were there. We don't know for sure what they knew, but we know that we don't have any information about it. It had to be secret, absolutely secret in order for our Lord to accomplish what He wanted to accomplish, so that Judas couldn't tell them who wanted Him dead and He'd be arrested so that He had no interruptions but He had the full time to go through all the things that needed to be accomplished that night, all that incredibly critical teaching contained in John 13 to 16 and even at some point including His great High Priestly prayer of John 17. Now this night is a monumental transition. I can't emphasize that too much. The Old is gone, the New has come.
In verse 17 we pick it up that He came with the Twelve and as they were reclining at the table and eating…stop there just long enough to say, this is not a quick lunch. This is not a fast meal. They recline. And when they wanted a prolonged meal, that's what they did. Their heads would be at the table, their feet reclining away from the table. They didn't put their feet under the table, as we do. We sit in a chair, put our feet under the table. They were on some kind of a reclining couch of some nature with feet away from the table and their heads toward the table. This is what they did when they had a prolonged experience at a meal.
Originally, however, if you go back to the Exodus, do you remember the instruction? The instruction of God was this, "Eat with your loins girded," that is with your belt on, all the loose ends pulled together. "Your shoes on, your staff in your hand, standing up in a hurry." And they were to do that and traditionally did that for some years because they were remembering the hurried reality of the Exodus. That custom had changed. That tradition had changed. And Passover became a more languid experience.
The reclining would give the opportunity for our Lord to accomplish everything that He wanted to accomplish. Now Josephus, the historian, tells us that no less than ten men and no more than 20 would eat a Passover lamb. So they would have picked out their lamb, it had gone to the temple, been killed by the priest, offered on the altar. Some of the meat kept, some of the meat burned, and the rest taken by the disciples back to the Passover place and there they were ready to eat it. According to Exodus 12:43 to 46, they had to eat all of it. And so they would have spent the evening, the appropriate number of men, eleven of them, plus Judas, plus Jesus, within the bounds of ten to twenty, and they would have enjoyed that Passover meal.
Now let me give you an idea of what went on at a Passover and what you have to understand is this is a series of things, a sequence of things at Passover in and around which were woven the other elements that we know to be occurring on this night.
First it began with a prayer of thanks and it was followed by the first cup of red wine, doubly diluted with water… the first cup of red wine, doubly diluted with water. After that first cup, which kind of launches it, there was a ceremonial and an actual washing of hands. They actually washed their hands because they ate with their hands and there was a ceremonial significance to it because it symbolized a need for cleansing and a need for holiness.
So the opening cup and then the cleansing after the prayer of thanks. It seems to me that this might be a good place to assume that while they were talking about the need for cleansing, while they were talking about their unholiness, maybe that is where the Lord pointed out a problem with them because Luke 22:24 says, "A dispute arose among them as to which of them was regarded to be the greatest." Same ole, same ole, right? It is very likely that at that time as they're just getting beginning into this and the issue becomes a heart holiness that our Lord confronts that arguing about who is going to be the greatest, that ugly pride, by doing what John 13 says He did. "Jesus rose from supper, laid aside His garments, taking a towel, began to wash the disciples feet. And He gave them a profound lesson on…what?...humility."
It had to be juxtaposed against their arguing about which of them was the greatest and such an open manifestation of pride. And then He said to them, "I've given you an example for you to do as I have done for you." And then He even said to them, as recorded in Luke 22:25 and 26, "The kings of the Gentiles lord it over them." That's what Gentiles do. "But not so with you." He went on to say the greatest of you become as the least, as the servant, the slave. So just getting in to the Passover and they're already demonstrating their sinfulness, the symbol of the washing would have been a perfect time for them to confront that sinfulness. Our Lord perhaps does that at that interval and then washes their feet to give them a lesson on humility.
This was followed then, this washing, by the eating of bitter herbs. This is when the bread would be broken. It would be flat bread, not a big fat loaf, flat bread broken and distributed and then dipped into a paste made from fruit and nuts. And then after that, that would be first course, kind of, they would sing the Hallel. The Hallel, from which we get the word Hallelujah, are series of hymns that praise God from Psalm 113 to Psalm 118. And they sang them all at the Passover. Traditionally they would sing Psalm 113 and 114, and then would come the second cup of wine. And then after that cup would be the eating of the lamb, the eating of the meal. That would be the great first course, or main course, I guess you should say.
And after the main course was completed would be the third cup of wine and after that they would sing the rest of the Hallel, Psalm 115, 116, 117 and 118. And then they would have a final sip of wine and one more Psalm and leave. That was the evening.
That could have all been done rather in a brief amount of time, however, it was strung out for many, many hours, being interrupted by all the other things that we talked about going on.
Early in this celebration in this sequence, our Lord says something that I think is important for us to hear in Luke 22:15 and16. "He said to them, 'I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer.'"
The language is very, very strong. Literally He says, "I desire with a desire," that's emphatic in the Greek. This is a very strong passion, "I must celebrate this Passover with you before I suffer. This has to happen for all the reasons that I told you." Not only because it's right because it's commanded by God, but because He must make this transition. He must end an era. He must bring to a completion an entire system and launch a new one and He must lay out all the promises upon which every believer through all of redemptive history draws and He must tell them of the coming of the Holy Spirit, and He must confront their sin, and He must give them a lesson on humility and all these things are so compelling. He knows that He can't die until all of this is clearly delineated to them and the Holy Spirit will bring it back to their memory in the future and they will write it down and it will be inscripturated and we will follow that instruction and cling to those promises. This has to happen before He dies.
He has, like everybody else, lived His whole life seeing animals sacrificed and all of them, He knew, pointed to Him. And now He was eating a meal at which the last legitimate Lamb was sacrificed and would be eaten and in a matter of hours it would be over. And He was the fulfillment of all those sacrifices. And in the view of His imminent suffering, He knows He will die, He knows He will not live to another Passover, He understands the urgency of this hour.
And there's another component, John 13 begins by saying this, "He loved His own who were in the world, eis telos, to the max, to the limit, to the end. It was not simply a theological demonstration here. What He said to them, what He promised to them, what He pledged to them, and what He called for them to do was all a part of loving instruction.
It was His profound love for them, as well as their profound necessity for the truth He would give them that compelled this to occur. He says in verse 16 of Luke 22, "I say to you, I'll never again eat this meal with you until it is fulfilled in the Kingdom of God." And with that statement, we have the end of all legitimate Passovers. It was a…it was a…this was His last meal before the cross, He ate the lamb and then became the Lamb hours later.
Will there ever be another Passover, legitimate one? Will there ever be? There will, He says that, please notice it. This is not going to happen, He says in Luke 22, until it is fulfilled in the Kingdom of God. Even Passover has not yet reached its final fulfillment. That's going to happen in the Kingdom.
Paul says, "We do this until he comes." Matthew 6:29 talks about the fact that it's going to occur in the Kingdom. It is unmistakable what He means in His earthly, millennial reign for a thousand years in Jerusalem in the future when He returns, He will celebrate the Passover meal with His own redeemed people again. He will.
The prophet Ezekiel gives a picture of the millennial worship in Ezekiel 4o to 48, that whole section is a picture of millennial worship, the worship of Christ in the Kingdom to come. Within that section of 40 to 48, right about in the middle, chapter 45 verses 21 to 25 describe the celebration of the Passover. There will be a temple built in the Millennium. There will be a Passover held at that time in the Millennial Kingdom, not as a memorial to the Exodus, but as a memorial to the cross…as a memorial to the cross, to the true Lamb. The Passover will be celebrated there, Christ will officiate at that celebration as He did with His disciples on that Thursday night and it will look at His death as the perfect Passover Lamb.
This is good news for them because He's talking about His death and they need to know that not only will He die, but He will rise and He will establish His Kingdom, and they will be there and He will be with them there and they will celebrate a Passover again. This is wonderfully encouraging to them, and they hung on this one. When He talked about His death, they didn't allow that to register. When He talked about the Kingdom, they got that. They were on that channel all the time. That's why in Acts 1 they said, "Will You at this time restore the Kingdom to Israel?"
So He sees His suffering coming. He sees His resurrection. He also sees His Kingdom glory and He lets them know it's a reality, everything in the plan of God. That's from Luke. Now back to Mark.
We'll move a little faster. "As they were reclining at the table and eating, Jesus said, 'Truly I say to you that one of you will betray Me, one who is eating with Me.'"
Somewhere in the middle of this Passover, this last Passover, Jesus says, "One of you will betray Me. One of YOU." This is related back to Psalm 55, you probably remember that Psalm because it is familiarly linked, "For it is not an enemy who reproaches Me, then I could bear it, or is it one who hates Me who has exalted himself against Me, then I could hide Myself from him, but it is you, a man, My equal, My companion, My familiar friend who had sweet fellowship together, walked in the house of God in the throng." It's one of YOU!
Of course our Lord knew all along who it was. He knew it was Judas. He knew Judas' heart, He could read minds, John 2, He knew what was in the heart of man. In John 6 verse 7 He said, "One of you is a devil, an adversary, an enemy," and He knew who it was. He knew Judas and He knew his heart. You remember, don't you, recently back on Saturday that Mary had broken the vial of perfume, poured it all over Jesus and it was Judas who protested that the money could have been saved and this could have been sold and the money given to the poor. And the Scripture says he said it not because he cared about the poor, but because he held the purse and he was stealing from it all the time. Jesus knew that.
But the disciples didn't know it. He was a very skilled hypocrite…very skilled. So when Jesus said, "One of you will betray Me, one who is eating with Me," that was outrageous. When you had a meal with someone, that was safety, that was friendship. You didn't violate the person you were having a meal with, unthinkable in the Jewish culture. "One of YOU." Well they had no idea it was Judas.
Verse 19, "They began to be grieved and to say to Him, one by one, "Surely not I." The word "grieved," lupeo means to be distressed, sorrowful, profoundly pained. Matthew adds, "They were exceedingly summotra, strongly, violently distressed, agitated. John 13:22 says they were doubting of whom He spoke, they had no clue. For three years, Judas had been the most clever of hypocrites. When they preached, he preached. When they talked about the Kingdom, he talked about the Kingdom. When they prayed, he prayed. When they listened, he listened. Apparently when they healed, he was out there healing.
In their shock and disbelief, they had no clue. So one by one, each of them says, "Surely not I?" There's incredulity in that but there's a sense which you could call wholesome self-distrust. They knew their hearts. They knew they were weak. It is instructive to find out a little more detail about this by reading from the thirteenth chapter of John in verse 18, He says, "I don't speak of all of you, I know the ones I've chosen. I know who it is. But it is that the Scripture may be fulfilled," and then He quotes Psalm 41:9, "He who eats My bread has lifted up his heel against Me."
Well the disciples, verse 22, began looking at one another at a loss to know which of them He was speaking. And there next to Jesus was John, the one whom Jesus loved, he always calls himself like that. Simon Peter says to John, "Ask Him, ask Him, ask Him." John said, "Lord, who is it? Who is it?"
"Jesus then answered, 'That is the one for whom I shall dip the morsel," so now we know they're at the point where they're ready to dip the bread and give it to him. "So when He had dipped the morsel, He took and gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot. After the morsel, Satan then entered into him. Therefore Jesus said to him, 'What you do, do quickly.'"
They were honest, humble haters of hypocrisy, these men. They were lovers of Jesus in their own way. They desired their master to give them an honest answer and they wanted to know if it was one of them. They asked an honest question. Judas was such an adept hypocrite, such a crafty thief that he had been stealing from the bad all along and they never knew that either. Judas was another Ahithophel. You remember the story of Ahithophel in 2 Samuel 16 who turned traitor against David and ended up strangling himself. As wretched and foolish as Judas was, as much as he operated on his own evil, wretched desires, he did not function outside the plan of God, nor did he alter the plan of God, or thwart the plan of God or adjust the plan of God, but verse 21 says, "For the Son of Man is to go just as it is written of Him. He is to go just as it is written of Him. And it is written of Him that He will be betrayed by a familiar friend, that He will be betrayed by one who lifts up his heel against Him who also takes bread with Him." It is written of him. He will go the way it is written of him.
Every detail, the details of His crucifixion in Psalm 22, the meaning of His crucifixion in Isaiah 53, the detail of Him being pierced in Zechariah 12:10, the details of His resurrection in Psalm 16 and other features of Old Testament prophecy all prewritten. That is why when Paul preaches the gospel in 1 Corinthians 15, verse 3 he says, "Christ died according to the scriptures," the next verse, "and rose the third day according to the scriptures." Everything was laid out in Scripture. Our Lord was not killed at the whim of Judas, or Pilate, or Caiaphas, or Herod, or the Sanhedrin, or the Romans, or even Satan, but by God on God's timing and in God's manner.
"Still…verse 21 says…woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed. It would have been good for that man if he had not been born." Because God used Judas in His plan, does not exonerate Judas. In case you wondered, God will use every human being who rejects Him to accomplish His own purpose in His own plan and none of them will be exonerated because our sovereign God overrules for His own ends and His own glories their choices. That's nothing different with Judas than it is with anybody. If you think that, if anyone thinks that they can thwart the purposes of God by acting against Christ and against His church and against the gospel and against God Himself, that is a fool, to be sure. For God orders everything according to His own purpose.
Judas, like any rejecter, like any sinner, acts on his own motives…acts on his own choice, acts by his own will, as a result of his own mental machinations and the drivings of his own evil lusts. He operates on his own greed and his own selfishness and his own materialism and he betrays Christ and He works it all out, yet everything He does is fit by God into a divinely chosen part of God's plan so that Judas plays a crucial role in the death of Christ, just as God designs. In fact, he was allowed to be an Apostle for that reason. Yet the Lord gave him opportunity even while he was there to believe the truth. The rejection was his choice and he'll be punished for it. "Woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed. Woe to that man." Woe means cursed, damnation, hell.
And we know the end of Judas, don't we? He hanged himself, the rope broke and his bowels were exploded on the rocks below and he was thrown into the dump, the trash heap, outside Jerusalem, and worse into the eternal Lake of Fire.
By the way, there is no stronger statement in Scripture on human responsibility than the statement, "It would have been good for that man if he had never been born." That is the strongest statement that I know of in Scripture on human responsibility. We talk a lot about the sovereignty of God, but that is the strongest statement on human responsibility. Better never born than damned forever. The severest punishment of hell is for those who knew the most about Christ, Hebrews 10:29, if you know the most and you trample it underfoot, you will receive the severest punishment.
Add to what we've experienced, all the teaching in John 13-16, the High Priestly prayer of Jesus and other things the other gospel writers have told us, and you fill up that evening. It all ends, the greatest single observance that the Jews were given and it was before the priesthood, before the Levitical things, the remembrance of the Passover. It is now done until the Kingdom.
At this point, the record tells us Judas left. And he went to get his money and to tell the leaders of the Sanhedrin where they could find Jesus, in the Garden later. And now the eleven remain and the Lord instructs them on His table.
We come to verse 22, now I know we have several verses left, but this is something you're very familiar with. So I'm not going to spend a lot of time on this. "While they were eating, He took some bread." At some point in this Passover, pretty high drama by now, He blesses it, which is what went on as they ate, they blessed the cup, they blessed the bread, they blessed the Lamb, they blessed the whole event, He broke it, gave it to them and said, "Take it, or take, actually, this is My body."
Judas is gone now. Judas is gone. It's a good thing he's not there because you're not supposed to be at the Lord's Table and eat unworthily, 1 Corinthians 11:27. Although it wouldn't have changed anything with him. He took the bread, the artos, the flat bread, and He gave thanks, He blessed it. All the giving of thanks is why this is called the Eucharist, the Greek verb for thanks, giving thanks is eucharisteo. So the Roman Catholic Church calls it the Eucharist because of the blessing on the cup and the blessing on the bread.
He broke it, that's so they could all share, it was baked as a unit of some kind. That's not symbolic because not a bone of His body was broken, John 19:36 says, as it was prophesied. Broken only to be distributed, it was given to them, "Take, eat," then He said, "This is My body," and that's new. The bread of the Passover had never been anything but a memorial to the Passover itself in Egypt and the unleavened bread which they baked for that Passover meal, this is all brand new. In fact, Luke adds this, Luke 22:19, "This is My body which is given for you," that's so important, isn't it? "Do this," and here are the key words, "in remembrance of Me. Do this in remembrance of Me." That explains what this act means. It is remembrance. Paul got it, 1 Corinthians 11:24, "When He had given thanks, broke it, said, 'This is My body which is for you, do this in remembrance of Me.'" What is the point of the Lord's table? It is remembrance. It is a reminder of the gift of deliverance from sin through the body and blood of Christ. It was killed for us.
The Roman Catholic Church has prostituted this into something bizarre, into what is called transubstantiation whereby some priestly blessing, what is bread coming out of the kitchen becomes the actual body of Jesus in the hands of the priest. There's nothing in Scripture about that. The Lutherans didn't like that, so they came up with consubstantiation which says well it isn't the physical body of Jesus, but it's the spiritual body of Jesus. You're not eating Him physically, you're eating Him spiritually, neither of which is true.
Why do we do this? Do this in…what?...in remembrance. It is purely bread, simply wine so that we can remember. When they ate the Passover lamb, they weren't eating God. It was just a memorial, it was just a symbol. This is just a remembrance. Get so complicated now because the Catholic Church doesn't want you to spill the actual blood of Jesus so you can't ever drink that…only the priest can touch that because he's not going to spill it and whatever is left over goes…put in the freezer somewhere so it's protected. It becomes so bizarre. It's a remembrance, nothing more. By it we remember that He was bruised for our iniquities, that He was chastened for our peace, He was wounded for our transgressions. Isaiah 53,Galatians 3, that He was made a curse for us, He was made sin for us who knew no sin. That He bore in His own body our sins on the cross. All of those things that the New Testament talks about, it is simply remembrance. That is the bread and the cup is the same. When He had taken a cup, a cup…Matthew calls it THE cup. Luke, 1 Corinthians calls it THE cup and so does Paul, THE cup. That would correspond, I think, to the third cup of the Passover after the eating and before the final singing. This is often called the cup of blessing. He took the cup and gave thanks. He gave it to them, they all drank from it and He said to them, "This is My blood of the Covenant which is poured out for many."
You can't take the past and carry it on anymore. No place for Passover. That cup doesn't mean that. That bread doesn't mean what it used to mean. They all drank, the unity of believers there, in the Roman Catholic Church, one priest drinks for everybody. This is My blood of the Covenant. Shedding the blood was always God's requirement to establish a covenant. You see that in Genesis 8:15; Exodus 24; etc. Covenants were established, promises were guaranteed by blood. Shedding blood was God's requirement to establish a covenant. Reconciliation with God, covenant relationship with God, entering in to God's promise of forgiveness and salvation required a blood sacrifice. That blood sacrifice could be an innocent substitute. Christ is that innocent substitute. He offers Himself on the cross. He pays the price for sin, satisfies the justice of God, takes our sins in His own body and bears in full the wrath of God for us and that is the act that validates and ratifies the New Covenant forgiveness.
Just a quick note. There's a lot of covenants in the Bible. God made a lot of promises. He promised not to drown the world again, that's the Noahic Covenant. He gave us the law, that's the Mosaic Covenant. He had a priestly covenant about the behavior of the priests. There was the Abrahamic Covenant which did promise salvation but no means. There is the Davidic Covenant which promises a Kingdom and a King, the Messiah and the future Kingdom. The new covenant promises forgiveness of sin, salvation, regeneration and new life. It is laid out in specific in Ezekiel 36, in Ezekiel 37 and in Jeremiah 31. It is a saving covenant. You get a new heart and a new Spirit and complete forgiveness. It's regeneration. That's salvation. That's always been in operation. It's always been in operation. But it was ratified by the death of Jesus Christ. The Old Covenant could be written constantly in animal blood because it was only a covenant of promise, it consisted of promise. The New Covenant is fully satisfied in the blood of one Lamb, the blood of Christ because it consisted not of promise but of fulfillment…fulfillment. The actual purchase of our redemption was made by Christ and He paid the price for the redemption of all the people who were before Him, all the way back to Adam.
The bloodshed, the blood which is shed, Matthew says, Matthew 26:28, the blood which is poured out. And here, please, it says, "This is My blood which is poured out for many…for many." Isaiah 53:12 says the same thing, He did this for many. Matthew adds, "For the forgiveness of sins.
Final payment was made, now there's no more need for the symbolic lambs, all we need to do is remember the cross…remember the cross. The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world." So we come together, don't we? Regularly, all the time, we'll do it on Friday. In a sense, this sermon will be completed on Friday when we act out what our Lord has instructed His disciples on this night to do. And again giving confident hope, verse 25, "Truly I say to you, I will never again," strong emphatic language, "I will never, ever, ever again drink of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the Kingdom of God."
Oh, so not only in the Kingdom to come will we be rejoined to the Lord, and not only will be rejoined to Him to come to His table to celebrate the Passover, but we'll also celebrate His table, Communion. That's the Kingdom. Matthew, Mark and Luke record this statement that I'll never do it again until I do it with you in the Kingdom. Folks, there has to be a Kingdom. This is the great Millennial promise. The Old Covenant has ended, the New Covenant has come, it has been ratified with the death of Christ. The last Passover, the first Communion, we celebrate that Communion till He comes. When He comes, sets up His Kingdom, we will have a new kind of worship in which we will gather together as He leads us and celebrate a Passover and a Lord's table that both look at His cross.
Apostate Israel at this time has been cut off from blessing. We are the Gentiles who have been grafted in, Romans 9 to 11. We keep the Lord's Table memorial. We drop the Passover until the Kingdom when both will be a part of that great day.
Well it was almost over. They had one more…one more hymn to sing. I want you to look at it, Psalm 136 would have been their final Passover hymn…Psalm 136. Twenty-six verses and it's about the Lord. I'm just going to pick up the highlights. "The Lord is good. The Lord does great wonders. He made the heavens with skill. Spread out the earth above the waters. Made the great lights. Moon and stars to rule by night." And here we come. This was the closing of Passover. "He smote the Egyptians and their firstborn. He brought Israel out from their midst. With a strong hand and an outstretched arm and He divided the Red Sea asunder and He made Israel pass through the midst of it. And He overthrew Pharaoh and his army and the Red Sea and He led His people through the wilderness. And He smote great kings. You remember, and He slew mighty kings, Sihon, Og, and He gave their land as a heritage. A heritage to Israel His servant. He remembered us in our lowest state, rescued us from our adversaries. He gives food to all flesh. Give thanks to the God of heaven."
Twenty-six times, what line is repeated, "For His…what?...Lovingkindness is everlasting. That's what they sang. His loving kindness is everlasting. They repeated that statement 26 times. And if ever that statement should be repeated, it should be repeated by the people who understand the cross, right? Cause that's where His loving kindness in its everlasting nature is made available.
Father, we thank You for a wonderful time of worship and fellowship this morning. Every one of these portions of Scripture is so rich and so instructive and so divine, so supernatural. How our hearts are encouraged and lifted up. We think about the week to come and the opportunity to come to Your table on Friday, may it be infused with some fresh new joys and understanding. Would You prepare our hearts for that.
Lord, we know that in the midst of this, all this beauty, all this majesty, all this divine sovereign control of everything, the worst of men are plotting the death of the Savior. And even His own are going to defect and flee, as we'll find out tonight. Even at our highest moments, even at the exalted hour, being with Christ in that upper room and hearing everything they heard and all the promises, the whole thing, it was just one short step to weakness and failure. Deliver us from that, Lord. And strengthen us by what we hear tonight. And we ask now, Lord, that You will bring in to the prayer room those who need to come, those who need Christ, those who need to be saved from their sins, who don't need to go to Judas' place. Lord, I pray that You'll break open hearts and You'll give understanding to those that do not understand that You'll give clarity to those who are confused. May they see the glory of Christ, open their heart to Christ, come to Him as savior and Redeemer, seek the forgiveness of sin and receive eternal life.
Father, we pray that You'll do that mighty work and that You'll enable us to help those folks. Draw them to those who can talk with them and pray with them. Continue to build our church and strengthen us for Your glory we pray. Amen.
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The Harlem Shake burst onto the scene last week, but already the poor meme is showing signs of looming death.
We're not saying the Harlem Shake will surely die, but unless some things change, it'll soon fall out of public favor. Here are eight reasons:
8. Sports teams are doing it
Seeing your favorite sports teams or athletes participate in a meme isn't terrible in and of itself. Some of our favorite memes involve athletes (see: Yao Ming face). But if the meme is being driven by the team's marketing wing rather than the athletes, then please don't do it. The Dallas Mavericks' rendition is a great example of a terrible Harlem Shake:
7. They've become too extravagant
One of the elements that made us fall in love with the Harlem Shake was that many of the early videos seemed organic. That element is gone from most of the new videos.


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NEW YORK (AdAge.com) -- About the last thing you would expect AOL to do is hand the job of resurrecting its tattered brand to a 28-year-old who was a college freshman when the company acquired Time Warner.
But the truth is Maureen Sullivan had already been doing the job, and CEO Tim Armstrong just made it official, naming his onetime assistant to the role of senior VP-brand and marketing partnerships.
AOL had been searching outside for a traditional CMO for the better part of a year, but meanwhile, internally, Ms. Sullivan was making the job her own by driving the effort to remake AOL's logo into hundreds of colorful designs the company calls "canvases" to reflect the diversity of content that is now core to its mission.
As a senior at Stanford, Ms. Sullivan interviewed for the job of assistant to Google co-founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin. Along the way, she saw another opening even more intriguing: an assistant to engineer Craig Nevill-Manning, who led what at the time was a team of a dozen Google engineers in New York. Ms. Sullivan, who grew up in Mountain View, Calif., and was practically raised on Stanford's campus (her father has been varsity baseball coach for 40 years), had a dream of moving to New York and took the job.
"We were tiny," she said of the early days of Google in New York. "There was a lot of work to do in a very short amount of time. I was lucky enough to do a fair amount of work -- work I was not necessarily qualified to do."
When Ms. Sullivan moved over to become assistant to Mr. Armstrong, who led sales and marketing, she already had relationships with the product side of the business, which made her more effective within the company. For Mr. Armstrong, she saw herself as chief follower-upper, converting sales meetings into action items and making sure all the dots were connected at both the advertising as well as product and engineering teams.
Her AOL education came accompanying Mr. Armstrong on his global listening tour. There, she learned why Mr. Armstrong said that "we're not walking away from this brand." "It is a global brand that is really loved by a lot of people," Ms Sullivan said. "It is their identity on the web. Whether it's their AIM screen name they've had for 15 years or their e-mail they can't imagine changing because that is who they are -- there is a love."


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[Error: Unable to find the property named 'HeadContent'.]
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posted by Thom Holwerda on Wed 14th Feb 2007 22:58 UTC
El Reg has reveiwed Windows Vista. "So, there's our first look at Vista. It does benefit from a lot of good ideas, many of them Apple's, of course, but good nevertheless. It simply doesn't work very well, unfortunately. There are serious problems with execution; it's not polished; it's not ready. It should not be on the market, and certainly not for the outrageous prices being charged. Don't buy it, at least until after the first service pack is out. Don't pay to be a beta tester." Elsewhere, analysts believe Windows Vista will take a bite out of Mac's market share.


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For a chance to win $500 and to spin the wheel, players need to buy a new $2 "Fun & Fortune" Scratchers ticket. If the ticket is a winner and the prize won is ENTRY, the ticket should be mailed to the Lottery's headquarters to be placed in a weekly drawing. Each week, 10 of these ENTRY tickets will be drawn, and those winners will receive $500 each. In addition, one of the 10 preliminary winners will be drawn for a chance to spin the wheel and win from $2,500 to $250,000.
The "Fun & Fortune Wheel Spin" events are held at the Lottery's Jefferson City office at 1823 Southridge Drive and are open to the public. Each monthly "Wheel Spin" event will also be streamed on the Lottery's Web site.
For more information about the "Fun & Fortune Wheel Spin," visit the Missouri Lottery's Web site at www.molottery.com.
Players must be 18 years or older to purchase Missouri Lottery tickets.
*In the event of a discrepancy, official winning numbers prevail over any numbers posted on this website.


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Ligue 1 Preview: PSG v Lorient
Paris Saint-Germain will look to get back to winning ways when they host Lorient on Friday.
Laurent Blanc's outfit scrambled to a 2-2 draw at a 10-man Saint-Etienne on Sunday, halting a run of four straight victories in Ligue 1.
It could have been worse for PSG, who trailed 2-0 at one stage, but a red card for Fabien Lemoine gave them an opening.
And Edinson Cavani duly reduced the deficit before Blaise Matuidi levelled proceedings in the third minute of injury time, extending PSG's unbeaten league run to 22 matches.
Despite the small blip PSG remain on top of the league, with 25 points from their 11 Ligue 1 fixtures enough to see them goal difference ahead of newly promoted Monaco.
Blanc has been boosted by the return to training of full-back Christophe Jallet and midfielder Javier Pastore, who were struggling with calf and thigh problems.
Friday's fixture may come too soon for the duo to return, while captain and centre-back Thiago Silva is also ruled out.
Silva suffered a hamstring injury against Monaco and although he has returned to training, Blanc said they must be careful with the 29-year-old.
"Physically he (Thiago) has done a great job. We're on time (with his recovery)," he said.
"But we cannot afford a relapse, either for himself, for the club or the Brazilian team. It is good but we have to be careful."
Lorient have made a poor start to their season and sit 17th having taken just 10 points from 11 league fixtures.
They head into the match on the back of a 2-0 defeat away at Nantes in the Coupe de la Ligue but posted a 2-1 win over fellow strugglers Sochaux in their last league fixture.
That win ended a run of six games in a row without a win, of which five were defeats, while Lorient's recent record against PSG has not been great.
Christian Gourcuff's men have failed to beat PSG in their last three meetings, but their last victory did come in Paris, as Julien Quercia's goal gave them a 1-0 win in August 2011.


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If you have worked with a Google team and received approval for your sponsorship, Google Brand Permissions should review and approve any uses of the our brand in your communications. We typically will not approve the use of our logo for events that we sponsor. If you're working with us on an event, please work your Google contact to obtain permission for an exception to this policy.
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Moss, J and Oliver, C and Berg, K and G, Kaur and Jephcott, L and Cornish, K (2008) Prevalence of Autism spectrum phenomenology in Cornelia de Lange and Cri du Chat syndromes. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 113. pp. 278-291.


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Expose Blatant Security Hole From AT&T... Face Five Years In Jail
from the security-through-threat-of-intimidation dept
This seemed like a pretty massive flaw in the design of the system by AT&T... but of course, all of the blame is falling on the guys who exposed the hole. It seems noteworthy that the pair of hackers who exposed this are known for trollish online behavior, and Andrew Auernheimer, who goes by the name weev, has flat out called himself an internet troll. It seems that the FBI decided to use the trollish nature of Auernheimer and collaborator Daniel Spitler to argue that this hack actually violated the incredibly poorly-worded and misunderstood Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA). That's a law that we've been discussing for a few years now, as law enforcement and courts keep trying to stretch the definition of what counts as "unauthorized access" under the bill.
Unfortunately, in this case, a jury was convinced that the discovery of this security hole left by AT&T was actually a crime, and Auernheimer is now facing five years in jail. Not surprisingly, he plans to appeal. Of course, part of the issue is that Auernheimer discussed, but did not actually do, a variety of bad things he could have done with the data in question, before eventually just revealing the security hole to the media.
Obviously, there may be a fine line between "white hat" exposure of security flaws and nefarious activity, but given that all that really happened here was the exposure of really poorly thought-out programming by AT&T, it seems bizarre that the guy who exposed it is now facing years in jail.


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Thursday, August 12, 2010
Kirby Before Marvel: Anatomical Structure
I love his 60s Marvel superheroes, not just because of his iconic surface stylings, but because of how solid his drawings were. You can see that even better in his earlier comics.
Kirby is known for making up muscles that don't exist, but the forms the surface muscles lay on tell me he actually has a very good feel for real anatomy.
Look at the beautiful and solid shapes of Thor's arms. Absolutely amazing! -and the upshot of the barrel chest. Very convincing.
He drew great hands too - and they weren't flat and squared off like his imitators draw them.
I think Kirby is not merely a stylist, but a fantastic draftsman who must have studied and drew everything he saw all the time. The guy could draw scenes in any locale, in every genre and from any angle. -And he had to do tons of these drawings every day because he was a comic book artist. By comparison, a magazine illustrator had a leisurely job. He could pose and copy live models and spend a lot of time on a single scene.
Ger Apeldoorn has been posting a lot of 50s Kirby art from DC comics and you can really see how solid and studied his skills were before he settled into what is known today as the Kirby style.
10 comments:
- HemlockMan said...
They don't call him "King" for nothin'. He was probably the greatest comic book artist of all time when you stack up what he could do (which was EVERYTHING!!!), the speed in which he could accomplish it, and the sheer volume of work he could create. Keep in mind that many, many comic books that are attributed to other artists were actually pencils and inks over layouts by Kirby. In 1962 alone he produced over 1200 pages of comic book artwork.
He was one of a kind. I doubt we'll ever see anyone like him in comics ever again.
- RooniMan said...
Kirby is a one-of-a-kind artist.
Fascinating drawings from the great Jack Kirby. I personally liked his 50s style the best now that you've linked to it.
Anatomy doesn't seem too useful if we can't already draw well with construction and make a decent cartoon drawing with such a concept. It's tempting me right now, but I know it's not gonna do me any good at the moment. Kind of like how a lot of cartoonists now think they're "cool" just because they can draw in the flat style better than anyone else, even though it keeps getting recycled and watered down year after year.
And oh yeah, this is off-topic, but it kinda made me mad today at how close-minded many of the kids I know from high school can be, and I thought you'd be interested in hearing about it, since in that other post you did, you mentioned how modern day newsreporters are like high school kids who can't be taken seriously. It also kind of scared me when I even heard one of them say this.
In one of my classes, my group started talking about what films they saw over the summer, because a few of them, including me, had to watch a film for a history class assignment. Somehow, I asked a few members in my group what version of this particular film they watched (they both had watched a color version from the early 1990s, fairly recent, IMO), and it quickly devolved into two people saying that they wouldn't watch the older versions simply because most of them were produced in black and white, and also expressed their resentment for those films in general. It was probably one of the most baseless assumptions I had ever heard from anyone in such a long time. They painted black and white movies under the same brush, acting like only the color films would be any good or exciting, while the B & W films would be super boring and dull.
Okay. Enough ranting. This was going to make me so furious on the inside if I didn't share it with anyone. I hope I didn't waste your time with this.
- talkingtj said...
theres several aspects to kirby's style that no one ever talks about-it was always exciting and fun! those dynamic two page spreads! the wide panoramic views! the sense of chaos unleashed! the cosmic majesty! then there are the themes-family, dysfunctional but loving and supportive.societal structures- the mighty on top, the weak on the bottom, and how easily that could change! he was a true undereducated intellectual who had a very wide and open view of life, no one has matched him no one has equaled him. when you get right down to it theres only been a few people who have really made the comic book industry what it is today and kirby comes in as number 1!
- Neil-W said...
I always thought Kirby drew exactly how he looked , he was solidly built , short but tough as a rock.
I love the story recounted in Men Of Tomorrow about a thug who turned up in Will Eisner's office (Kirby's boss at the time) And Jack comes in all 5 foot 2 of him and asks Eisner if the guy was bothering him or needed beating up Eisner just turns to thug and says 'He's our best artist' and the guy just leaves.
- Martin Juneau said...
What makes it ironic is how the good Kirby, with his great sense of structure and anatomy is rarely idolised by today's peoples mostly as "DeviantArt", like better to draw like in Sonic, Pokemon and post-80's saturday morning cartoons. It's also the same for contemporary comics nowadays. Now i feel like to read a McDonald survive test than a real comic with actual plot.
- akira said...
john have you read Kirby's challengers of the unknown? i think Roz even inked a few issues. it's such an awesome story about guys who survived an accident in which they should have died, so they go out to seek all kinds of crazy daredevil adventures
- The Butcher said...
Do you think it's rare that such an excellent draftsman also has so much style or do you think any good draftsman can add his own style if he applied himself?
- Nicholas said...
"Superflat" (as one word) actually has an entirely different meaning in art: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superflat
Kirby art is definitely not superflat.


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ft_critical wrote:jacks1071 wrote:Puffy wrote:I'm Mackay. Similarly wet! Had conti gp4000s black chillies on the forums recommendation. Went to gators just to try them very happy the day the sidewall went at about 1000km old. Back on the black chillies. Loving them!
With the Gatorskins you want the Hardshell version, they are good.
I run them on our tandem and wear them down to the threads no problem.
Pro-lite need to start making tyres I think.
If you only knew what we've got cooking, "watch this space"


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By: Cresta
Although the temperature in Cincinnati has been all over the place, the first official day of winter is Thursday. If you haven't already been partaking in seasonal brews, the time is now.
Fox News published a Best Holiday Brews article this week and it reminded me that these seasonal selections won't be around forever. Although I don't usually drink darker, heavier beers, they are great for warming you up on cold winter nights.
I have had – and do like – the top beer on this list: Great Lakes Brewing Co. Christmas Ale, a holiday beer brewed with honey and spiced with ginger and cinnamon. It's medium-bodied, not too heavy, and a repeat World Beer Championship Gold Medal winner. My sister-in-law was nice enough to share her stash over Thanksgiving (Thanks, Laurie).
Not on this list, but a popular choice – Sierra Nevada Celebration. While Celebration tastes good for a change, I can't drink many as it's a very robust, rich ale. But it's great for bringing along to your holiday parties and for toasting friends and family.
Do you have a favorite winter beer? Leave a comment here and let me know what you like and what I should try before they all disappear.
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Krystal Pepper Memorial Scholarship Fund
Raising money for a scholarship fund in memory of Michelle's little sister who passed away in 2007


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Sept. 13, 2006
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. - Sophomore midfielder Andrew Bishara scored seven minutes into the first overtime period on Wednesday to give MIT (3-1-0) a dramatic 4-3 come-from-behind victory over Tufts University (0-1-1). The Jumbos led with under ten minutes remaining, but Tech's Alex Morgan, who finished the day with two goals and an assist, scored in the 82nd minute to knot the game at three before assisting on Bishara's overtime winner.
Morgan was involved from the opening whistle, giving MIT the lead with just 1:11 on the clock. After some confusion between Tufts' backline and their goalkeeper left the ball sitting alone at the top of the box, the Kingston, Jamaica native pounced to put the Engineers ahead 1-0. It was the fourth goal that the Cardinal and Gray have scored in the opening 15 minutes this season, despite having only played four games.
The Jumbos were anything but shell-shocked by the early goal, however, and quickly began producing quality opportunities of their own. The pressure paid off in the 23rd minute when Dan Jozwiak was sent in alone by a long ball up field by Joey Stampone. Jozwiak finished coolly to tie the game at one apiece. It was his second goal of the season.
The score remained deadlocked at the half, but the second stanza was when the true fireworks began. Bob Kastoff gave Tufts a 2-1 lead in the 65th minute, but the score was even again under four minutes later when Ryan Sheffler's whipped free kick was deflected home by David Nole.
Tufts took the lead once more in the 74th minute when Jon Glass scored his first goal of the young season, volleying in a corner that had been struck well by Andrew Drucker to make it 3-2 to the visitors.
Yet, MIT showed resiliency and determination and their efforts paid off with a brilliant equalizing goal in the 82nd minute. Sheffler's corner to the far post was headed back across the face of the goal by freshman midfielder Matt Greyson and Morgan leapt to nod the ball into the roof of the net, tying the score at three.
Neither team was about to settle for the draw, and it was clear in overtime that someone was going to take the full points. Bishara decided it just over six minutes in when he slotted home from the right side of the penalty box after the ball had been flicked on nicely by Morgan. The MIT players rushed the field to congratulate Bishara and celebrate the 4-3 victory.
Engineers keeper Tom Caldwell was solid in net, making three saves for his third victory of the year. He was, however, aided by the woodwork, as the Jumbos struck both the post and the crossbar twice apiece. Tufts' Pat Tonelli made four saves in the losing effort.
Tech next take the field on Saturday, Sept. 16 when they travel to Worcester, Mass. to take on Clark University in a match that is slated for a 12:00 p.m. kickoff. For those who wish to follow the team on their travels, that game will be webcast on Clark's athletics site. The address for the site is http://www.clarku.edu/athletics/cougarcast/. Tufts also play their next game on Saturday, away to Middlebury.


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Call of Duty Black Ops 2 Revolution DLC came out today, and the pack includes 5 new maps and a first for the Call of Duty series - a DLC weapon.
The weapon is called the Peacekeeper, and it's a hybrid gun, comprising elements from an assault rifle, and an SMG. The gun is extremely good at both close range, and long range.
Arguably, some may say this gun is overpowered, and is going to give DLC players an edge over the rest of the community, but only time will tell.


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The penultimate installation in the Twilight franchise, Breaking Dawn — Part 1 was released in theaters today and is predicted to make upwards of $140 million dollars its first weekend. (The film made $30 million in 3,521 theaters at last night's midnight opening). Melissa Rosenberg, who has had the unique opportunity to stay on as the screenwriter throughout the duration of the series, has been in a key position in one of the most successful franchises of our time.
We recently spoke with the scribe who described herself as, "the luckiest screenwriter in Hollywood." Though she does concede that there is a double-edge to the sword of success. "It does raise the expectation level because the next project you do, if you fail, you fail in an internationally public way," she said.
"That's the risk you take by putting yourself in front of a movie. I probably could have been a part of this movie and hidden out in a corner so no one would notice. But I chose to embrace it and publicize it, and publicize my part in it, because I'm very proud of it. But the other side of it is that whatever the next project is there are a lot of eyes on that."
What (Some) Women Want:
There can be no doubt that The Twilight Saga (the books as well as the films) have struck a chord. The depictions are both revered and reviled depending on the reader/viewer's perspective, but no one can argue that they have inspired a stunning financial and cultural response. Among other things, the franchise propelled Summit Entertainment from a boutique company to a significant player in the entertainment industry. It is somewhat obvious to us now, but what is clear, is that the themes expressed in the story have filled a void that many were not even aware existed. "Hollywood's idea has been that what drives a massive hit is 13-year-old boys and so they keep making movies that are geared toward them," Rosenberg said.
"And what this (series of) movies tells them is that actually you can get a pretty big hit if you write something that women actually want to see. They will see the movie eight times, they will buy the DVD and the t-shirt and all that. Yet they never quite learn that lesson. They think, 'Oh, it's vampires, that's what they want to see!' No, what they want to see is actual real human emotional stories that touch some chord with them. For me it's about the girl coming-of-age and coming into herself, and she does that through her relationship. But it is unapologetically about love, and that is very unusual these days. And there's also the wish-fulfillment of being the every-girl who is actually unique and special and desirable even in her awkwardness and insecurity. "
One would have thought that the phenomenal success of Titanic would have already taught the studios about the power of the female demographic in the marketplace.
Feminism and Controversy:
As popular as the films are, they are also often surrounded by some degree of controversy. When I told Rosenberg that I hesitated to use that word she laughingly replied:
"Why not? It's accurate."
One of the current causes for contention in the public discourse is Bella's decision to have a child at the risk of her own continued good health. Many see the decision as reflective of a pro-life stance. Rosenberg assures audiences that she is in no way attempting to use the film as a platform for propaganda.
"It was a deciding factor for me of whether or not to do the movie. If I could not find my way into it that didn't violate my beliefs (because I am extremely pro-choice very outspoken about it, very much a feminist) I would not have written this move," she said.
"They could have offered me the bank and I still wouldn't have. In order to embrace it I had to find a way to deal with it. I also had no interest in violating Stephenie's belief system or anyone on the other side. I feel a great responsibility that everyone should have their point-of-view. And their beliefs respected. So I really was struggling with it until I talked with my sister-in-law who's actually a former ACLU feminist lawyer and a fan of the books. And she pointed something out to me (which is quite obvious but which I had overlooked) which is that having a child is a choice.
"It is a choice to have a child. And having not made that choice in my own life, having actually done the opposite, that had not really occurred to me. But when she pointed that out I was like, 'Okay, I know my way in.' And so for me, it was that Bella chooses this. Now someone else may not perceive that, and that's great. They have their own point-of-view which is whatever their own point-of-view is. I didn't need to make a statement about it, I just needed it to not be a statement on the other side as well. It's a story about a woman who chooses to have a child. For me. That may or may not be how it is in the book. And some people will have issues with it."
Many people find Bella to be a decidedly anti-feminist character, they feel that she is (seemingly) unable to function without the benefit of a male counterpart (be it Jacob or Edward) and are taken aback that she is willing to sacrifice her very person-hood in order to take part in the relationship with Edward in particular. "Someone said that to me and I thought, 'Sacrificing?' Wow, I never in a million years saw her as someone who sacrifices," Rosenberg mused.
"I see her as someone very determined. She knows what she wants and she goes for it; whether it be this guy, or that she wants to be a vampire, or that she wants to have this child. She knows exactly what she wants and come hell or high water she's going to get it. Okay so she might die and ruin Edward's life (laughing) well, tough beans. You know she says, 'I want this child.' So that's how I approach it, and that's how I write. I think that other people see it very differently and I can only do what's right for me. What fits my perspective."
The screenwriter's point-of-view raises some salient questions about how we collectively interpret the idea of feminism. It is interesting to note that self-sacrifice has been a theme in the series for nearly all of the characters, and yet it is only Bella's willingness to surrender one thing (sometimes her life) for the sake of another that is called into question. It is also interesting to note that if Bella is dependent on Edward, then he is equally dependent on (and willing to die for) her, and yet, her character is the one that the vast majority of people choose to scrutinize.
That is not to say that the interpretations of the text are entirely unfounded, it is only to examine the lens with which we all choose to view feminism. Is a woman strong and capable if she chooses to forgo a family in favor of her work, and weak if she chooses the opposite? That seems restrictive, unfair, and the opposite of what is meant by the word — choice.
"I think it's something that is often lost in the debate," Rosenberg agreed.
"We are fighting for choice and she makes choices. She makes choices that I wouldn't have made, and she makes choices that I didn't make. But she makes choices that are true to her character. I think that's an important message. But not everyone is going to hear it. They will see it with their personal perspective. Going in, my objective has always been to make Bella a very strong character. Right from the first movie on, and I think that Kristen has played her very strong. But people see what they want to see."
The Through-line of the Franchise:
Though author Stephenie Meyer has been on board as a producer for each film, Rosenberg has in some ways been the behind-the-scenes creative constant of the film franchise, (though she does credit Meyer for her work as the "the guardian of the world"). Each film has had a new director: Catherine Hardwicke for Twilight, Chris Weitz for New Moon, David Slade for Eclipse and of course, Bill Condon for Breaking Dawn.
Although Rosenberg says they are all "extremely different," she does contend that everyone involved in the project has been committed to adapting the book rather than using, "the book as a suggestion for the movie, as often happens."
"I had very little time to write "Twilight." So actually Catherine was probably closer to the Bill experience. I'd write an act and then would get notes and feedback immediately. I had five weeks to write that script because we were fighting the deadline of the writers strike. So she was very involved with instant feedback. Chris Weitz is also a very talented writer. His process is a little bit different. I finished the script before he came on board, and so I did a round of notes with him and then he took his own production polishes for himself. Which if you're going to ask someone to do that, it should be Chris. David Slade is not a screenwriter and he thinks very, very visually and he works a lot with storyboards. So, I'd work with him and he'd be acting out certain parts and he, like Bill, wanted everything on the page. He shoots what's on the page and so that had to be very detailed."
"And then Bill, I have to say, was just an extraordinary collaboration. He's a writers dream. If you're a writer/director it could be easier to take the script and do your own work on it. The other kind of writer/director knows your language, and knows what you need in order to do the best possible job. He was pushing me further, and deeper, with each draft. Bill is an Academy Award winning screenwriter (for "Gods and Monsters"). So he's a storyteller, first and foremost. Certainly he understands character and emotional complexity and theme. And this is a very grown up-story. It's a very emotionally complex story. This isn't a high school girl being the new kid on the block. This is a young woman choosing to have a child. There are some pretty complicated emotions going on, this is the story of a marriage and the problems of a marriage. Se he just kept taking it deeper and deeper and deeper and pushing me further and further and further and bringing out everything he could get out of me."
Rosenberg continues to move forward with her goal to create strong roles for women with her production company, Tall Girls (though she did do a production polish on the more male-centric Highlander and says it was "fun to play in that world").
"I want to create great, complex, interesting roles for women," she said. "When I say strong I don't mean noble. I mean intense. I want to see complicated, damaged, flawed women — who also kick-ass a little bit, that would be nice. I want to see the female Iron Man, the female Tony Soprano."
She is penning a drama for ABC, but also has a project more in line with her current franchise at Paramount: An adaptation of Pamela Sargent's 1983 YA novel "Earthseed" in which human genetic material is sent into space to find and seed another planet. Rosenberg describes the film as "'Lord of the Flies' in space. It's a young cast with extraordinarily adult themes."
Roth Cornet blogs at Screen Rant.


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Beth's Lenticchie con Ditalini (Lentils with Ditalini) Quick Weeknight Meals Recipe Contest 2009
Category: Omnivore
How long does it take? 15 minutes
Name: Beth
Why is it a favorite meal? It's simple, flavorful, healthy, and can be made with pantry staples.
Lenticchie con Ditalini (Lentils with Ditalini)
Serves 2 to 3.
This recipe came to me from a dear friend who lived abroad in Italy for nearly two years. He picked this one up from friends with similar monetary constraints, who were unwilling to compromise on quality, but who also had better things to do in Milano than stand over a stove. Add a few slices of diced bacon in with the garlic for a richer taste, and feel free to swap the fresh tomato for a little tomato paste; but don't dare skip the mascarpone garnish, as it really makes the dish.
1 clove garlic, minced
3 scallions, sliced, white and green parts divided
1 plum tomato, seeded and diced
1 (1 pound) box ditalini (short pasta tubes)
1 tablespoon olive oil
1 (14 1/2 ounce) can lentil soup
1 teaspoon balsamic vinegar
Mascarpone, for finishing
Salt and pepper, to taste
1. Bring a large pot of water to boil for the pasta. Meanwhile, chop the garlic, scallions, and tomato.
2. When the water boils, salt well, and add the ditalini. Cook for about 7 minutes (no matter what the package says), stirring occasionally.
3. While the ditalini cooks, heat the olive oil in a skillet over medium-high heat. Add garlic and white parts of scallions; cook until fragrant and lightly browned, about 1 minute.
4. Add the tomato, stir, and cook until it releases a little moisture, about 1 minute.
5. Add the lentil soup, stir, and reduce the heat to medium or medium-low. Cook until heated through. Add the green scallion tops, reserving a few for garnish. Remove from the heat, add the balsamic vinegar, and salt and pepper to taste.
6. When the ditalini is done, which should be about now, drain and return to the pot. Serve the lentils on top of some of the ditalini (saving the rest for another meal), and top with a generous dollop of mascarpone. Garnish with remaining scallion tops. This tastes best when all stirred up together into a great mess.
Thanks Beth, and good luck! Readers, give Beth a thumbs up if you like this recipe!
Enter our Quick Weeknight Meals Contest!
You could win some fabulous prizes and we'll all collect some great new recipes.


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Jungle Bob 3D Aquarium Background 24x12 Inch For 15 Gallon 7841 Rock Grey
Jungle Bob Enterprises Inc.
Aquarium 3D Backgrounds By Jungle Bob 3D Grey Rock background Review - YouTube
Video will open in a new window[isdntekvideo]
Rocky background is a very universal design to fit most aquatic setups.
The exact background size is 22,8 x 10,8" in 1 section- please compare it with your aquarium internal size.
Installation is very easy, you only have to slide it inside your aquarium
Our backgrounds sink, silicone is not required in most installations.
*PLEASE NOTE: Item which you will receive may not be identical to the main picture. Our backgrounds are hand made so each is unique! Slight variations in color , with some lighter/ darker may occur.
***Note- Measurements represent the back of the specified tank size(s). The background will be slightly shorter than the tank to allow it to fit within the support braces and plastic/glass trim around the tank edges, and allow it to stand up against the back. The difference in width is occupied by mesh to prevent fish from getting behind, and the height can be adjusted by leveling with gravel or small slate pieces. It can also be modified or trimmed using a dremmel or sander tool if needed.***


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Skip to Content
Home > Improve Your Health > Health Library > Gallbladder Scan
A gallbladder scan is a
nuclear scanning test that checks to see how your
gallbladder is working. The scan can find blockage in the
tubes (bile ducts) that lead from the liver to the gallbladder and small
intestine (duodenum).
During a gallbladder scan, a
radioactive tracer substance is put into a vein
in the arm. The liver removes the tracer from the blood and adds it to
the bile that normally flows through the bile ducts to the gallbladder. The
gallbladder then releases the tracer into the first part of the small intestine.
A special camera takes pictures of the tracer as it moves through the
liver, bile ducts, gallbladder, and small intestine.
A gallbladder scan is done to:
Before your gallbladder scan, tell your
doctor if:
Do not eat or drink for 4 to 12 hours before a gallbladder
scan. Your doctor will tell you how long you should not eat or drink. This depends on what the test is being
done for.
You may be asked to sign a consent form before the test.
Talk to your doctor if you have any concerns about the need for the
test, its risks, how it will be done, or what the results will mean. To help
you understand the importance of this test, fill out the
medical test information form(What is a PDF document?).
A gallbladder scan is usually done by a
nuclear medicine technologist. The scan pictures are usually read by a
radiologist or
nuclear medicine specialist.
You will need
to take off any jewelry that might affect the scan. You may need to take
off all or most of your clothes. This depends on which part of your body is being examined. You
may be allowed to keep on your underwear if it does not affect the
test. You will be given a cloth or paper covering to use during the
The site on your arm where the
radioactive tracer goes in will be cleaned. A small amount of the tracer
is then injected.
You will lie on your back on a table. A large
scanning camera will be placed just above your belly. After the
radioactive tracer is injected, the camera will scan for radiation released by
the tracer. The camera makes pictures as the tracer passes through your liver and
into your gallbladder and small intestine. The first pictures will be taken
right after the tracer starts to go in. The pictures may be continuous, like a video. Or they may
be taken once in a while for up to 1½ hours after the test starts.
Each scan takes only a
few minutes. You need to lie very still during each scan so the
pictures won't be blurred. The camera does not produce any radiation. So you are not exposed to
any more radiation while the scan is being done.
A substance
that stimulates the gallbladder may also be put into
your vein during the scans. The pictures taken after this injection can help
see if the gallbladder is working normally. A computer may look at the data to check how well the gallbladder is working. You may be asked about your reaction to the substance used to stimulate the gallbladder. Sometimes
medicine (morphine sulfate) is given to help find out if the
gallbladder is inflamed.
gallbladder scan takes about 1 to 2 hours.
Depending on your results, more scans may be
taken up to a day later. If you need to go back for another gallbladder scan,
do not eat any fatty foods before the test.
You may feel nothing at all from the
needle, or you may feel a brief sting or
pinch. Otherwise, a gallbladder scan
usually doesn't hurt.
You may find it hard to stay still during the scan.
Ask for a pillow or a blanket to get as comfortable as you can before
the scan starts.
The test may be uncomfortable if you are having pain in your belly. Try to relax by breathing slowly and deeply.
You may have nausea or belly pain if
a substance
that stimulates the gallbladder is used during the test.
You may be asked about changes in your pain during the test.
Allergic reactions to the radioactive
tracer are rare. Most of the tracer will leave your body through
your urine or stool within a day. So be sure to flush the toilet right away after each use. And wash your hands well with soap and water. The amount of radiation is so
small that it is not a risk for people to come in contact with you after
the test.
Some people may have soreness or swelling where the needle went in. These symptoms can usually be relieved by putting moist,
warm compresses on your arm.
There is always a slight chance of
damage to cells or tissue from radiation, including the
low level of radiation used for this
test. But the chance of damage is usually very low compared with the benefits of the test.
A gallbladder scan is a special
nuclear scanning test that is done to check how the
gallbladder is working. The results of a gallbladder
scan are ready in 2 days.
The radioactive tracer flows evenly through
the liver and then into the gallbladder and the first part of the small
intestine (duodenum).
The gallbladder is normal in size, shape,
and location.
The tracer may not be removed normally from
the blood by the liver. This may be a sign of liver disease.
The gallbladder does not contract or empty normally.
The tracer may not reach the gallbladder. This means there is swelling or that the duct is blocked by a
The tracer may not reach the first part of
the small intestine (duodenum). This may mean a bile duct is blocked by a stone. Or there may be
a tumor, infection, or swelling of the
Pain occurs when the gallbladder empties
the tracer.
You may not be able to have the test, or the results may not be helpful, if:
Other Works Consulted
Chernecky CC, Berger BJ (2008). Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures, 5th ed. St. Louis: Saunders.
Fischbach FT, Dunning MB III, eds. (2009). Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Pagana KD, Pagana TJ (2010). Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
ByHealthwise StaffPrimary Medical ReviewerAdam Husney, MD - Family MedicineSpecialist Medical ReviewerHoward Schaff, MD - Diagnostic Radiology
Current as ofMay 5, 2017
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Current as of:
May 5, 2017
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
Adam Husney, MD - Family Medicine & Howard Schaff, MD - Diagnostic Radiology
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Leafs try to gain a measure of revenge against Hurricanes
The Toronto Maple Leafs have been on a bit of a scoring surge since losing to Carolina over a week ago. On Thursday, they try to exact a measure of revenge when they visit the Hurricanes at PNC Arena.
Since dropping back-to-back games to Boston and Carolina, the Maple Leafs have reeled off four straight wins, while outscoring their opponents 17-6 in that stretch.
Toronto matched its longest winning streak since Jan. 3-10, 2012 on Monday, as Ben Scrivens stopped 32-of-33 shots he faced and Colton Orr netted the game winner to help the Maple Leafs beat Philadelphia, 5-2, at Air Canada Centre.
Scrivens was called upon at the four-minute mark of the second period when starter James Reimer left with a lower-body injury after 12 stops. He allowed just a Tye McGinn marker with 32 seconds left in regulation.
Matt Frattin and Clarke MacArthur also tallied in the deciding frame for the Maple Leafs, who were coming off a 6-0 demolition of the Habs in Montreal. A win on Thursday would give them their first five-game tear since Jan. 27-Feb. 6, 2007.
"I think our whole team did a fantastic job out there tonight," said Frattin. "Especially Scrivvy (Scrivens) taking over back there after Jimmy (Reimer) left. He was solid for us tonight and it was another good win."
Scrivens will be in net again, as Reimer will be sidelined for a week or so with a strained knee ligament. Toronto will also be without Frattin, who needs a procedure on his surgically repaired knee and be out at least a week.
"He had an issue with the MCL that was corrected and this is something that flared up and it's not something the doctors feel will be long term," coach Randy Carlyle said. "He will have the procedure here in the next 24 hours and we'll see when he is back and made available to us."
Carolina, meanwhile, is the last team to beat the Leafs and is 4-0-1 in its last five games. On Tuesday, Jiri Tlusty scored a pair of third-period goals to break a tie game, as the Hurricanes stopped the New Jersey Devils' five- game win streak with a 4-2 victory at the Prudential Center.
Tlusty, who racked up two goals and two assists to spark a final-period rally in Monday's 6-4 triumph over the New York Islanders, netted the eventual game- winner on the power play with 12:35 remaining before adding an empty-netter in the waning seconds to help the Hurricanes close out a successful six-game road trip.
Eric Staal assisted on both of Tlusty's markers and Cam Ward made 26 saves for Carolina, which also received goals from Jussi Jokinen and Patrick Dwyer.
The 4-1-1 stretch outside of Raleigh marked the team's best trip of that length since going 5-1-0 from Feb. 7-March 8, 1998. Carolina will play three of its next four at home where it is 2-2-0 this season.
"It's been a long trip, 12 days, and to finish against the first-place Devils and walk away with two points is a huge confidence-builder to our team," said Ward.
Staal has managed to score all of his eight goals and eight assists during his 10-game points streak, while all five of Tlusty's tallies have come in the last three games.
The Hurricanes beat the Leafs back on Feb. 4 and have won four of five and nine of the last 12 meetings.


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Groundbreaking Wednesday for New Mineral Museum Building
By Marcia Goodrich | Published
Michigan Technological University will hold a groundbreaking ceremony at 2 p.m. Wednesday, Oct. 27, at the future site of the A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum.
The museum and its 25,000 specimens will be housed in a new building adjacent to the Advanced Technology Development Complex, on Sharon Avenue. General contractor Moyle Construction, of Houghton, has begun work on the 9,000-square-foot structure, which will open for visitors in summer 2011.
Tom Shaffner, a 1957 alumnus of Michigan Tech, has pledged $1 million toward the $1.5 million project, which is being funded initially through a bond issue. Other donors have committed amounts totaling several hundred thousand dollars.
Michigan Tech President Glenn Mroz will host the groundbreaking, and State Rep. Mike Lahti is expected to attend.
"It's a new beginning," said Museum Director Ted Bornhorst. The museum home has been on the fifth floor of Tech's Electrical Energy Resources Center, located on the main campus, since the building was completed in the mid-1970s. "The current space no longer meets the needs of the museum and its visitors," Bornhorst said. The new location will provide better access. In particular, museum patrons will have free, convenient parking.
The museum's ultimate home is proposed to be near the Quincy Mine and Hoist in Hancock, a heritage site of the Keweenaw National Historical Park, subject to the availability of funding. In the meantime, the new building will provide a very satisfactory way station. "The new building site is a win-win for us, as it can meet the museum's needs for the foreseeable future, regardless of the time it takes to move to Quincy Hill," Bornhorst said. "This allows us to be an ever greater asset to the University and to continue on our path to national and international recognition."
The museum's move makes the fifth floor of the Electrical Energy Resources Center available for expanded research activity. The new Center for Computer Systems Research will be a collaboration of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Department of Computer Science.
Michigan Technological University is a public research university, home to more than 7,000 students from 54 countries. Founded in 1885, the University offers more than 120 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in science and technology, engineering, forestry, business and economics, health professions, humanities, mathematics, and social sciences. Our campus in Michigan's Upper Peninsula overlooks the Keweenaw Waterway and is just a few miles from Lake Superior.