text:
- Library Overview
- Library User Information
- Collections Overview
- Library Catalog
- Programs & Services
- Research Resources
- Collections Online
- Rights & Reproductions
- Donations and Support
- Featured Collections
- Fellowships
- Library News & Updates
- Baltimore Uprising Archive
- Historical Investigations Portal
- Onsite School Programs
- Virtual Field Trip
- Traveling Trunks
- Student Research Center
- Teacher Resources
- Homeschool Programs
- Scouting Programs
- Youth & Family Programs
- National History Day
Did you know...
Cheston-Galloway Papers, 1684-1961, MS 1994
Cheston-Galloway Papers, 1684-1961
Maryland Historical Society
(Text converted and initial EAD tagging provided by Apex Data Services, March 1999.)
Cheston-Galloway Papers, 1684-1961
Maryland Historical Society
Contact Information:
Special Collections
Maryland Historical Society Library
201 West Monument Street
Baltimore MD 21201-4674
Descriptive Summary
Cheston-Galloway Papers, 1684-1961
Maryland Historical Society
Baltimore MD 21201-4674
Collection is on microfilm
Scope and Content Note
This collection is largely the business papers of merchant and slave trader Samuel Galloway (1720-1785) and those of his son-in-law James Cheston (1747-1798), a merchant who dealt in convict servants, tobacco, and wheat. Topics covered by their papers include: colonial trade, the Revolution, Loyalists in Maryland, and post-war trade. Other papers pertaining to Galloway and Cheston can be found in the Galloway-Maxcy-Markoe Papers at the Library of Congress.
The papers at the Maryland Historical Society were retained by James Cheston's descendents, and the collection contains some papers of many of these people. Included are papers of Cheston's wife Anne [Galloway] Cheston, their children, Anne, Francina Augustina and James, Jr.; James, Jr's daughter Ann [Cheston] Morris and her husband Caspar Morris; the Morris's son Galloway and daughter Mary [Morris] Murray; and Mary Murray's daughters Emily H. and Anne C. Murray. There are also papers of several other Murray family members. The individuals who have papers in this collection are underlined in the accompanying genealogical chart.
John Galloway Papers
John Galloway (d. 1747) was a merchant in West River, Maryland. His papers (1727-1747, ca. 60 items) consist of incoming letters, financial papers, and his will. Most of the letters were written to him by his family when he was in London in 1742. There is one letter (1742) from Charles Carroll describing a quarrel between Dr. Carroll and Gov. Ogle and Ogle's escape.
Non-Galloway Papers
There are 3 items relating to William Browne. There are 2 indentures (1681, 1706) and papers (c. 1760) concerning settlement of a dispute between William Browne and Stephen West, Jr. over property in Anne Arundel County.
Samuel Galloway Papers
Samuel Galloway (1720-1785) was a planter, merchant, and slave trader in West River, Maryland. He was most active in the tobacco trade up to the Revolution, and his correspondence and financial papers up to 1770 deal largely with this trade. There is little in these papers about his slave trade.
From about 1768 until 1774 Galloway was associated with Stephen Steward in the firm Galloway and Steward. London merchants with whom Galloway dealt were Sylvanus Grove (ca. 1749-1767), William Tippell (ca. 1765-1770), James Russell (1770s), and Russell's successor James Clerk of de Drusina, Ridder & Clerk (1784-1785).
Beginning in 1773 most of Galloway's correspondence and financial papers deal with the operation of his plantation, "The Ridge," by Jeremiah Watkins. These papers mention hiring servants and Negroes and their wages.
Galloway was an avid horse breeder. Some letters mention the horses and racing.
The Galloway family members were loyal British subjects and did not sympathize with the move toward independence. Galloway's son John in Annapolis wrote to him about the burning of the "Peggy Stewart" (October 1774). The letter makes it quite clear he had no sympathy with the mob action. In June 1775 Galloway wrote sceptically to his son-in-law Thomas Ringgold, Jr. about Congress's preparations for war, and the next February Ringgold wrote hopefully that Congress would soon make a declaration against independence.
During the war there was evidently much tension between Galloway and his son Benjamin because of Benjamin's ready support of the new government. There are 2 letters (1778) about Benjamin's decision to leave his family and move to Hagerstown. Benjamin's earlier letters discuss his legal education in London (1773). In 1775 he was again in London commenting on the Boston blockade from that perspective.
Galloway's correspondents included: Anne [Chew] Galloway (1750-54), Benjamin Chew (1758, 1759), Joseph Galloway (1758), Thomas Ringgold, Jr. (1773-1775), Benjamin Galloway (1773-1778), John Galloway (1774), and Benjamin Stoddert (1783).
James Cheston Papers
James Cheston (1747-1798) was a merchant dealing in convict servants, tobacco, corn, and wheat. He began his career in 1768 in a partnership with Willian Stevenson, his step-brother. Stevenson remained in Bristol, England while Cheston handled the colonial details in Maryland. Cheston moved around but mainly operated in Chestertown. He settled in West River, home of his wife, during the war.
In Bristol Stevenson procured convict servants and goods to send to Cheston. Cheston in turn sold the servants and goods and loaded the ships with tobacco, wheat, and corn. Cheston was the younger of the two, and the correspondence between Stevenson and Cheston is quite detailed as Stevenson trained Cheston in the business. These letters (1767-1775) contain much information on the operation of colonial trade. Stevenson's letters detailed procurement of the convict servants and Cheston's letters (in his letterbooks) described the economic situation in Maryland.
The firm acquired a third member, William Randolph, in 1769, and the letters of advice continued from Stevenson & Randolph.
By 1771 the firm was known as Stevenson, Randolph, & Cheston, and Cheston was taking on more of the firm's management. His correspondence from 1771-1776 is more wide-ranging than in earlier years as he corresponded directly with customers. Frequent correspondents during the pre-Revolutionary period were Jesson, Welsh & Co. (1767-72) and Buff & Welsh (1772-74) in Cadiz. These firms bought wheat and corn from Cheston, and their letters contain details on prices in Spain. Cheston's most frequent Maryland correspondent was Thomas Ringgold, Jr. Ringgold was a member of an associated firm, Smyth & Ringgold, and was also the brother-in-law of Cheston's future wife Anne Galloway. Other Maryland merchants and growers with whom Cheston corresponded were: James Barnes (1771), Walter Tolley, Jr. (1772-74), Amos Garrett (1772-74), William Geddes (1772-1780s), Thomas Symth (1772-74), Emory Sudler (1773-74), and John Page (1773-1774).
Stevenson, Randolph, & Cheston continued their trade up until 1776 when William Stevenson declared personal bankruptcy, and Randolph immediately dissolved the partnership.
The record books that survive for Stevenson, Randolph & Cheston are a factorage account (1767-76) which was kept by Stevenson in Bristol. It recorded the names and prices of servants he had purchased. Cheston kept another record, of servants he sold in Maryland 1774-1775. There is also the firm's journal (1769-1772) and a record of its tobacco transactions (1771-1772). These books are in Boxes 5 and 6. The collection also includes the loose bills, receipts, and accounts of the firm that Cheston kept in Maryland. These are in Boxes 19 and 20.
Further financial information about Stevenson, Randolph, and Cheston can be found in Cheston's post-war account books, bills and receipts, and legal papers.
Most of his papers in the early 1780s deal with straightening out the dissolved firm's accounts, especially collecting pre-war debts from Marylanders.
James Cheston was not a supporter of the American Revolution. He did remain in Maryland for most of the war but apparently only so that his wife could be near her family. He several times made plans to leave Maryland, and in 1774 (July) wrote to his brother-in-law Robert Bensley that merchants not supporting independence were discriminated against.
His views on the impending war were recorded in his business letters to Stevenson and Randolph. Stevenson's letters in return kept Cheston informed of British actions and sentiments. He predicted (February 1775) that the English people would demand an immediate end to any war that hampered trade. Cheston's close friend William Carmichael also wrote to him (September 1774) concerning popular opinion about war.
Cheston's views on war in relation to his business were overshadowed by the underhanded dealings of his partner William Stevenson. By late 1775 Cheston's correspondence deals mainly with Stevenson's handling of the finances of Cheston's brother Daniel and sister Francina Augustina [Cheston]; Bensley. His mismanagement of their funds caused him to appropriate money from the firm to cover himself. These dealings were discovered in early 1776 by William Randolph who immediately dissolved the firm. Cheston had planned to return to England to run the firm, but the bankruptcy meant he had no financial reason to return. For lack of an alternative Cheston tied his fortunes with those of his wife's family and permanently settled in Maryland.
One incident that indicates that Cheston's decision to stay in Maryland was a financial and not a political one occured in 1780. In that year Cheston sailed to France hoping to reach London to settle the accounts of Stevenson, Randolph & Cheston.
He was stopped at L'Orient because he was suspected of being a Loyalist. In a petition to Benjamin Franklin, Cheston admitted he had not taken the oath of allegiance, and he was not allowed to continue to London until he had sworn allegiance before Franklin at Passy. Copies of these papers are in Box 15. A few of Cheston's letters to his wife Anne while he was in London are in her incoming correspondence (Box 21).
After his return to Maryland in 1781, Cheston spent two years attempting to collect pre-war debts for Stevenson, Randolph, & Cheston. In 1784 Cheston resumed trade activities with William Randolph and appeared to be connected in business with his brother-in-law John Galloway. There are letters from both men in Cheston's letters. Another correspondent was George Chalmers who wrote of negotiating Loyalist claims (1784) and of writing a history of the revolution (1789).
Cheston's most frequent correspondents after the war were his sister Francina Augustina [Cheston] Bensley and her husband, actor Robert Bensley. They wrote of their activities in England.
In 1787 Cheston built a house on Watkins Neck (now part of Ivy Neck) in Anne Arundel County. There are some bills and receipts for the work and also an undated notebook with a carpenter's measurements of James Cheston's house (Box 7).
Cheston was involved in a dispute between John Lynch and Daniel Carroll, the details of which are explained by Walter Hall in a letter (1774 December 21). Cheston's papers include accounts relating to this dispute.
An unrelated item apparently relates to Daniel Dulany. The collection includes a copy of objections to subscribing to a new militia. The document is attributed to DD, a member of the council. It is in Box 5.
Anne [Galloway] Cheston Papers
Anne [Galloway] Cheston (1755-1837) was the daughter of Samuel Galloway. In 1775 she married James Cheston (1747-1798). She spent most of her life in West River, outside of Annapolis, and some time in Baltimore.
Her surviving papers (1774-1836, ca. 150 items) are letters from relatives and financial accounts. Her earliest letter is from a cousin who described the burning of the "Peggy Stewart" in 1774. James Cheston was in London in 1780 and 1781 and wrote lengthy letters to his wife. The bulk of Anne Cheston's correspondence dates from 1790-1807, and her most frequent correspondents were her sister Mary [Galloway] Ringgold, Mary's daughter Anna Maria [Ringgold] Tilghman, and Cheston's sisters-in-law Francina Augustina [Cheston] Bensley, and Henrietta [Chew] Galloway. Bensley lived in London. Her letters describe fashions and yard goods sent to Cheston, and mention the fortunes of her husband, actor Robert Bensley. The Ringgolds and Henrietta C. Galloway lived around Hagerstown, and their letters discussed activities there.
Cheston's financial papers are largely bills and receipts for goods she purchased, especially from her son James Cheston, Jr. Cheston was the administrator for her husband's estate, and these papers are filed with James Cheston's papers in Box 20.
James Cheston, Jr. Papers
James Cheston, Jr. (1779-1843) was the son of James and Anne [Galloway] Cheston. He was a merchant in Baltimore, and most of his papers (1799-1828, 50 items) deal with his partnership (ca. 1801-1804) with John Chew in the firm, Chew and Cheston. Also included is an 1827 indenture by which Mary [Galloway] Maxcy and her husband Virgil sold "Tulip Hill" to James Cheston for $5.00 and rented him other lands.
Anne Cheston Papers
Anne Cheston (1776-1811) was the daughter of James and Anne [Galloway] Cheston. Her papers (1790-1810, 80 items) are mainly letters. Her most frequent correspondents are her aunt Francina Augustina [Cheston] Bensley who writes about fashions and manners in London; her cousin Anna Maria [Ringgold] Tilghman, and Tilghman's sister-in-law Maria [Cadwalader] Ringgold. Tilghman and Ringgold both lived near Hagerstown and wrote about their steadily increasing families.
Francina Augustina Cheston Papers
Francina Augustina Cheston (b. 1777) was the daughter of James and Anne [Galloway] Cheston. Her papers (1790-1830, 30 items) are letters. Most are from her aunt Francina Augustina [Cheston] Bensley who wrote about fashions and manners in London.
Ann [Cheston] Morris Papers
Ann [Cheston] Morris (d. 1880) was the daughter of James Cheston, Jr., and in 1829 she married Dr. Caspar Morris. The Morris's lived in Philadelphia in the early years of their marriage but in 1858 settled at "Ivy Neck" in West River, Maryland.
Morris' papers are largely incoming letters (1839-1865, ca. 200 items), and almost all are from her husband Caspar and their daughter Mary H. [Morris] Murray. The bulk of the letters date from 1859 until 1861. During these years Caspar Morris maintained his medical practice in Philadelphia while his wife lived at "Ivy Neck" with Mary Murray and her family. Caspar's frequent letters are lengthy and philosophical, often asking his wife's advice.
During the winter of 1859-60 Ann C. Morris joined her husband in Philadelphia. Her daughter Mary wrote frequently about running "Ivy Neck" and raising her two daughters.
The collection includes Morris' diary (1858) for the year she moved from Philadelphia to West River and a recipe book.
Caspar Morris Papers
Caspar Morris (1805-1884) was a physician and the husband of Ann [Cheston] Morris. He was born in Philadelphia and spent most of his professional life there, living occasionally at his wife's family home "Ivy Neck" in West River, Maryland after 1858.
Morris had a private practice in Philadelphia and was connected with several medical institutions including the Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind and the Episcopal Hospital. His papers pertain largely to these activities. The majority of his papers are incoming letters especially from 1870 until 1883. During this period Morris received letters from patients and colleagues in Philadelphia asking advice and informing him of activities in Philadelphia while he was away. A frequent correspondent during these years was philanthropist John Welsh (1805-1886) who was also associated with the Episcopal Hospital. Welsh held the British mission (1877-79) and wrote to his friend Morris from London.
In the early 1870s Morris was asked to submit suggestions for the proposed Johns Hopkins Hospital. Letters pertaining to this are found in Morris's papers.
Some of the letters are from Morris's personal friends with whom he carried on philosophical and theological discussions. Among these correspondents were an English friend J. Braithwaite and Quaker Mary Snowden Thomas. The collection also includes a journal of Morris's trip (1871-1872) to the Holy Land, Eygpt, and Europe.
Morris's incoming letters occasionally contain a draft of his reply, but the best source of his writings are letters (1859-1861) he wrote to his wife Ann (in Box 23) and letters (1880-1883) to his son Galloway Cheston Morris (Box 25).
Galloway Cheston Morris Papers
Galloway Cheston Morris (fl. 1859-1887) was the son of Caspar and Ann C. Morris. Those of his papers in this collection deal entirely with the settlement of family estates. They deal with the estate of Morris' mother Ann [Cheston] Morris, his uncle Galloway Cheston, and land in Virginia inherited by a cousin, Emily Hollingsworth.
The papers (1879-1887, ca. 200 items) are almost entirely incoming letters. His most frequent correspondents were his father Caspar, sister Mary [Morris] Murray, Emily Hollingsworth, and Baltimore lawyers James Carey, Jr. and Francis T. King.
Mary [Morris] Murray Papers
Mary [Morris] Murray (fl. 1858-1919) was the daughter of Caspar and Ann C. Morris. She married Henry M. Murray and lived at the Cheston family home "Ivy Neck." Her papers (1858-1919, ca. 60 items) are letters and legal papers. The letters are from her mother and her brother and sister. The legal papers pertain to her ownership of "Ivy Neck" and an inventory of the furniture in the house. Letters written by her are found in her brother Galloway C. Morris's incoming letters (Box 25) and Emily Hollingsworth's incoming letters (Box 27).
Murray Family Papers
The collection contains some papers of other Murray family members, including Mary [Morris] Murray's husband Henry M. Murray, his grandmother Sarah Elizabeth Murray, his brother Robert (b. 1822), and his [sisters?] Sally Scott [Murray] Cheston and Anna M. Murray. There are also some estate papers of Emily H. and Anne C. Murray, daughters of Henry M. and Mary M. Murray. The Murray family papers are in Box 26.
Included in the collection are the minutes of two women's groups connected with Christ Church [Owensville, Maryland] to which several Murray women belonged. These are the minutes (1881-1887) of the Sewing Society and minutes (1894-1904) of the Woman's Auxiliary and Parish Aid Society. These are in Box 27.
Emily Hollingsworth Papers
Emily Hollingsworth (fl. 1832-1889) was a cousin of both Ann [Cheston] Morris and her husband Caspar. Her papers (1832-1889, n.d.) deal largely with land she inherited in Virginia. Most papers are letters from Mary [Morris] Murray to whom Hollingsworth willed the land. Her papers are in Box 27.
Cynthia H. Requardt
November 1977
Container List on Microfilm
Reel 1
William Penn-William Browne indenture
1681 (copy)
Thomas Taillor land grant
William Browne-Everard Bolton indenture
1706 (copy)
Stephen West, Jr.- William Brown settlement
Samuel Chew bills & receipts
Jane Galloway document
John Galloway incoming letters
1727-1744, n.d.
John Galloway bills & receipts
John Galloway legal papers
John Galloway estate papers
Samuel Galloway incoming letters
Samuel Galloway incoming letters
Samuel Galloway incoming letters
Samuel Galloway letterbook
Samuel Galloway legal papers
Samuel Galloway land papers
Samuel Galloway bills & receipts
1746-1785, n.d.
Samuel Galloway estate papers
Reel 2
Samuel Galloway ledger
Samuel Galloway ledger
Samuel Galloway journal
Memorandum book
Distillery Wheat & Rye Book (blank)
Legal notebook
Daniel Cheston (1760s) papers
Unidentified memoranda book
Unidentified land plat
Unidentified building plans
Unidentified accounts
Memorandum RE: Mortar
Memorandum RE: Nails
"Description of the prize with multiplied leavers"
Act RE: draining "Cranberry Swamp," Harford County
[Daniel Dulany's] reasons for not subscribing to militia
Stevenson, Randolph, & Cheston factorage book
1767-1775, 1784
Stevenson, Randolph, & Cheston journal
Stevenson, Randolph, & Cheston tobacco book
Stevenson, Randolph, & Cheston account of servants
James Cheston journal
James Cheston journal
Reel 3
James Cheston journal
James Cheston ledger
James Cheston order book
James Cheston plantation records
1787-1797, n.d.
James Cheston notebook of house measurements
James Cheston letterbook
James Cheston letterbook
1772-1776 June
James Cheston letterbook
James Cheston incoming letters
1767-1771 April
Reel 4
James Cheston incoming letters
1771 May- December
James Cheston incoming letters
1772-1773 May
James Cheston incoming letters
1773 June-October
James Cheston incoming letters
1773 November - 1774 June
James Cheston incoming letters
1774 July-December
Reel 5
James Cheston incoming letters
James Cheston incoming letters
James Cheston incoming letters
James Cheston incoming letters
Francina Augustina [Cheston] Bensley
William Carmichael
Ann [Galloway] Cheston
Daniel Cheston
William Randolph
William Stevenson
James Cheston agreements
James Cheston powers of attorney
James Cheston legal papers RE: Stevenson, Randolph & Cheston
James Cheston legal papers RE: John Lynch-Daniel Carroll
James Cheston legal papers RE: Dulany-Dulany
James Cheston legal papers RE: Cole Estate
James Cheston legal papers RE: William Young Estate
Reel 6
James Cheston bills & receipts
James Cheston bills & receipts
1776-1798, n.d.
James Cheston estate papers
Reel 7
Anne Cheston [Galloway] incoming letters
1774-1836, n.d.
Anne Cheston [Galloway] bills & receipts
1794-1829, n.d.
James Cheston, Jr. incoming letters
1799-1828, n.d.
James Cheston, Jr. bills & receipts
James Cheston, Jr. land deed (Tulip Hill)
Anne Cheston incoming letters
1790-1810, n.d.
Anne Cheston bills & receipts
Anne Cheston estate papers
Francina Augustina Cheston incoming letters
1790-1830, n.d.
Francina Augustina Cheston bills & receipts
Mary [Galloway] Ringgold papers
John Galloway papers
Reel 8
Ann [Cheston] Morris incoming letters
1839-1865, n.d.
Ann [Cheston] Morris diary
Ann [Cheston] Morris recipe book
Galloway Cheston incoming letters
(3 items)
Caspar Morris incoming letters
Reel 9
Caspar Morris incoming letters
1862-1883, n.d.
Reel 10
Caspar Morris letterbook
1837, 1840
Caspar Morris bank book
Caspar Morris journal
Caspar Morris bills & receipts
Caspar Morris medical notes
Biographical sketch of Caspar Morris, M.D.
Galloway C. Morris incoming letters
1879-1887, n.d.
Reel 11
Mary [Morris] Murray incoming letters
1858-1919, n.d.
Mary [Morris] Murray legal papers
Henry M. Murray incoming letters
1852-1859, n.d.
Sarah Elizabeth Murray incoming letters
1820-1826, n.d.
Sally Scott [Murray] Cheston incoming letters
1846-1887, n.d.
Robert Murray biographical material
Ann Murray incoming letters
1873, 1878, 1881
Emily H. Murray papers
1948-1952, n.d.
Anne C. Murray papers
1944-1961, n.d.
C. Forbes Colhoun incoming letters
Christ Church Sewing Society Minutes
Christ Church Woman's Auxiliary and Parish Aid Society Minutes
Emily Hollingsworth incoming letters
1844-1889, n.d.
Emily Hollingsworth will
Emily Hollingsworth account book
1832, 1838
Hollingsworth land papers
Benjamin Franklin Bicentennial program
Abdul Baha on Divine Philosophy
Francis Markoe letter
Map of Asia
Newspaper clippings
Mary [Morris] Murray Scapbook "Sea Nosses"
Cheston- Galloway Papers and Corresponding Microfilm Reel Numbers:
BOXES 1 - 3: reel 1
BOXES 4 - 6: reel 2
BOXES 7 - 9: reel 3
BOXES 10 - 14: reel 4
BOXES 15 - 18: reel 5
BOXES 19 - 20: reel 6
BOXES 21 - 22: reel 7
BOX 23: reel 8
BOX 24: Caspar Morris Incoming Letters 1862-1883 to n.d., A - C reel 9
BOX 24: Caspar Morris Incoming Letters; n.d., D - Z through Box 25 reel 10
BOXES 26 - 27: reel 11
These papers have been [UNK] and are no longer in this order. All letters are filed with the papers of the Recipient
19th Century
Jan. 1881
Misc. letters to Dr. Galloway Morris following the death of his mother, Ann C. Morris. Personal condolence or legal matters.
Letter to Dr. Morris - second death: Professor Tutle Sudden death of a friend, Lide Humes
May-June 1881
Bills paid by Executors of Galloway Cheston
June 4, 1881
Cousin Emily to Dr. Galloway Morris - asking advice re: the sale of her Virginia land
July 18, 1881
Father of Dr. Morris writes that he is frightened by his own physical condition & seeks advice from his son.
Dec. 10, 1881
Letter to Dr. Morris from T. King in Baltimore that "Walbrook" was sold for $20,000.
Dec. 13, 1881
T. King suggests to Dr Morris that an agent be appointed to take care of the rentals and the sale of property
Dec. 20, 1881
G. Morris signs receipt for $353.46 from the Executors of Galloway Cheston.
Jan 11, 1882
To Dr. Morris (Phila) legal correspondence from Safe Deposit & Trust Co. (Baltimore) re: the title of the Walbrook sale.
Lawyer, Newcomer also taking care of the sale of 315 Madison Ave. house & property
Jan, 1882
various family members are consulted -fear that the lawyers will "slice up" the property with their fees. Must have patiance and let lawyers take action.
Feb. 8, 1882
Mary Murray tells brother G. Morris that she hears that the Madison Ave. property has been sold at $15,000 - not $20,000.
Feb. 18, 1882
Brother Israel feels that some misunderstanding has occurred. Suggests that they meet & that Galloway Morris take charge of his mother's estate.
Mar. 27, 1882
A check is sent for distribution: $185 to Cheston, Israel, Galloway. (From stock from Uncle Galloway).
April 29, 1882
Newcomer tells Dr. Morris of sale of Madison Ave. property for $15,000. to Mrs. H. [UNK].
Many letters of legal matters from lawyers Carey & Carey. The family's five properties are valued at $222,500.00
Dr. Morris rents some of the Baltimore property and contemplates selling a Baltimore warehouse. His delays upset the law firm of Carey & Carey.
END OF 1881-1882 Folders
Aug. 10, 1789
George Chalmers to James Cheston. He is writing a book about "the late revolution."
Letters to James Cheston re: the estate of the late John Galloway. Money owed, etc.
May, 1790
Letter describing the needs of the farm: from Thomas Call to James Cheston.
Various bills of sale
More letters to James Cheston (many illegible)
April, 1791
"Disbursements on Brig Lioness to J. Hollings-worth." Prices of items: rum, stores, wheat, etc.
Feb. 18, 1792
Elizabeth Randolph to J. Cheston: sends "every instrument that possibly will be necessary to indemnify all parties."
Feb. 21, 1792
Mr. R. Pinckney to J. Cheston: hopes Cheston will settle the estate of the late Mr. Randolph.
July 1, 1792
Mr. Ridgely asks J. Cheston to "deposit the bonds in the Chancery office" re: the estate of Samuel Dorsey.
Sept. 29, 1792
Bristol writer to J. Cheston: sorry to find a difference of opinion on the mode of calculation of the interest on "your debt."
Oct. 12, 1792
Elizabeth Randolph writes J. Cheston to be speedy in regard to her case at law.
Dec. 24, 1792
Mr. Ireland writes J. Cheston that he is moving to Philadelphia but still would like to continue to tutor his son.
Aug. 28, 1793
Annapolis. Mr. Scott writes a sympathy letter to Mrs. Cheston, who is "indisposed." Relates his recent stomach illness and hopes Mrs. Cheston will soon recover.
18th-19th Century
Sept. 17, 1793
Mr. Joshua Kirby writes he is sending fine flour and some nails, as ordered & submits bill.
Mr. James Cheston ships, aboard ship "Birmingham" hogsheads of tobacco to Amsterdam.
Oct. 29, 1793
Mr. Scott [UNK] Mr. Cheston for purchasing some stores for him.
Dec. 31, 1793
Notice that some tobacco of Mr. Cheston has been sold.
May, July, August
Three letters from Cousin Maria Ringgold to Ann Cheston - all wishing good health & spirits - and hopes that they can meet in person.
John Galloway to James Cheston: has sold some tobacco - does Cheston want money right away?
March 17, 1795
Mary Geddes writes J. Cheston that Mr. Geddes suffered a stroke and is unable to do business. She will do what she can-but "A Hession fly" has eaten most of their wheat-so she has [UNK] money at present. Will send some if the harvest is a good one.
July 28, 1795
B. Galloway writes his sister, Ann Cheston, that he will be down to see her as soon as the sale of a farm is settled.
August 1796
Mr. J. Hollingsworth has shipped to Mr. Cheston 1 barrel sugar & 1 barrel flour.
August, 1796
Mary Geddes again explains her inability to pay as much as is owed. Bad weather has ruined most of the crop on her farm. Mr. Geddes is now a helpless invalid.
Dec. 1796
M. John Chew has received from Mrs. Geddes 195. Should send 295.
Mr. P. Hollingsworth in Baltimore writes that Mr. Easton's son, James, is well & a statisfactory guest in their house. Wants three peach trees.
July, 1797
Son James writes J. Cheston that he is well. But thinks America is in terrible shape at present-many merchants are failing every week.
Nov. 1797
Son James suggests to his father that he should try to sell his wheat now.
Cousin M.R. writes Ann Cheston - thanks for her letter-she misses Ann & her family greatly. Hopes they will see each other soon.
April, 1798
Letter to J. Cheston asking help in getting employment in Baltimore: writer's brother, John. (from nephew Wm.Stevenson).
June 1, 1798
Letter indicates Mr. Cheston ill with gout.
August, 1798
Bill to estate of James Cheston, deceased. Bills and expenses
Uncle J. Galloway writes Ann Cheston: everybody is in good health, now. Hopes her family is the same.
Four letters from M.R. to cousin Ann: mainly family news & health of family members.
Includes sadness at death of George Washington.
M.R. again writes of family news & health. Sorry to hear that Ann has been sick.
T. Hollingsworth and A.N.T. write Ann Cheston: general inquiry as to health of family members.
Estate of J. Cheston: he left 7,479 to be distributed to his widow, Ann & Francis & James Cheston
A.N.T. writes to Ann inquiring about her health; Tells that dentist took out six of her teenth when she had a violent toothache.
Feb. 26, 1802
From Cumberland to Ann Cheston at Annapolis. Family news. Delighted he'll see Ann & family during the next summer. He and children have been innoculated against small pox. Is in good health.
Contract between Nicholas Stubey and Chew & Cheston (Baltimore merchants): that Stubey to go to London to be an agent for Chew & Cheston. He is to be given one-half commission on any sale he makes.
Letter to Chew & Cheston from N. Stubey in London ordering Indian corn to a party in Portugal.
Feb. 23, 1803
John Galloway orders ll bushels of wheat from Chew & Cheston.
Various purhcases by Mrs Ann Cheston -charges.
19th Century
May 10, 1804
James Cheston writes his Mother that his wife had a baby boy - all in good health.
Three sheets of espenses of John Galloway.
Letter refers to death of Joseph Galloway on Feb. 5, 1805.
Anne Tilghman writes cousin of another death: Mr. Henry Peace. Wonders what mourning clothes to wear.
Itemized bill: Mr. Ann Cheston with Owings & Cheston: food purchases
Jan 14, 1807
John Galloway to his sister: reports that Mary is better & all Philadelphia friends are well. Hopes her daughter will be restored to health by time he returns.
March 30, 1807
Ann Tilghamn to her aunt: pleased to hear that she & Nancy are well. Cousin James arrived safe in Hagerstown. He and Mr. Tilghman attended court for several days. All are well.
April 19, 1807
Ann Tilghman to her aunt: sorry to hear that her cousin is indisposed. Hope the doctor can take care of the fever. Thinks a trip would do her good. "Poor Tennz" has had a severe attack of fever - but he is better. Mr. Brent arrived on a litter-came from Virginia to Hagerstown. He dan't walk but his spirits are good. Hopes to hear that cousin Fanny is recovering.
April 27, 1807
Ann Tilghman to her aunt: pleased to hear that cousin Fanny is better. Her husband is to make a trip to the Eastern Shore - but probably will not be able to visit Aunt. If Mrs. Cheston is with Aunt, ask her to get some blank lace for triming the neck of her best cloak. All family are well.
May 13, 1807
Ann Tilghman to her Aunt: Hopes no news is good news. Husband still on Eastern Shore. Her sister had a chill & fever last night, with an alarming soreness in her breasts. Mrs. Ringgold is better, but hobbling about on crutches. "Aunt" had an alarming fainting fit last Sunday. The doctor thinks she might have had a stroke. At least Ann. is in perfect health.
May 17, 1807
Ann Tilighman to her Aunt: Very anxious to receive a letter - hopes no one is sick there. Her sister, she fears, will have "a gathering in her breast" - it is inflamed and swollen. She has a fever each night - her spirits are low. Ann's husband has arrived with the news that her cousin is ill. So sorry they live so far apart. Please write-and all hope that the cousin will have a speedy recovery.
Dec. 24, 1808
A. Lynn to her cousin: she reached home after a safe trip and finds all the children well. Was not afraid to travel alone.
Several bills of Ann Cheston
a bond. James & Ann Cheston must pay to Henry and Nicholas Darnall: $5,252.90.Signed.
Bill of sale. Virgil and Mary Maxey to sell to James Cheston two farms: Tulip Hill and Painters Level.
A list of expenses: food & clothing.
March 20, 1828
Henrietta Galloway to her sister: mainly discusses the poor health of "your brother": and the unexpected deaths of Marion Ringgold and a small boy they both knew.
Letter to Mrs. Cheston from E. Magnaston: death has struck "two of the four" who worshipped God thirteen months ago: now another friend has died. Preys that Mrs. Cheston is in good health.
To Ann Cheston from her daughter: Arrived in Baltimore. All well, except for Mr. Carey who is very sick.
June 30, 1835
To Mrs. Ann Cheston from E. Reynold, All the family and various friends are well and send best wishes.
Mary Lynn writes Mrs. Cheston that she hopes to buy a carriage. All well. Is signing a deed for some property. Hopes to visit her in the summer.
March 21, 1836
Mary Lynn to Ann Cheston: glad the family is all well. They are well, except that Mary has a sore mouth. Mr. Hughes will be with them for the summer. Needs some garden seeds-brocoli, spinach, onion.
March 31, 1838
Mary Lynn to Ann Cheston: so grieved by the death of Betsy Ringgold.
July, 1836
Sister A.M. Galloway to Ann Cheston: doesn't think she should make the long trip from Hagerstown to see her. Too old- she is in her eighties.
Death of Elizabeth Wiston.
Rob Murray writes his sister, Ann Cheston: that he has been ordered to Mexico with the army.
Rob Murray writes his sister, Ann Cheston - from California. Wants news of the family California lacks society. Spanish is spoken by many.
May 13, 1858
Letter from London to "dear friend" The Am. Railroad stocks have fallen low to the dismay of those holding them. Losses almost as high as in the panic of 1825. No remedy seen.
June 17, 1858
To Caspar Morris from G. Custon. It would be interesting to have a Galloway family history. They came from Scotland in the 17th century-and some were members of the Friends Society. Samuel Galloway was at Tulip Hill - and had several brothers. Lack real data.
Stephen Morris writes to his sister, Ann: that he has visited a cranberry growing swamp.
Oct. 2, 1858
J. Cheston Morris writes his father how he treated several patients.
Rebecca Alden writes Dr. Morris: that after a R.R. trip of 3 days a and 3 nights to Iowa City - she reunited with her family. Feels well.
Nov. 23, 1858
Dr. Morris writes his wife from Phila. Wonders about starting a school for poor boys, ages 12-14. at Ivy Neck. Would run as an agricultural school on Christian principles.: what does she think?
Jan 25, 1859
Galloway Morris writes his mother that he is well set financially and wants to get married. Is in fine spirits. News of Uncle Samuel's sudden death.
April 22, 1859
Galloway Morris writes his mother that the shipping of coal is thriving.
April 28, 1859
Galloway Morris writes his mother: if she or Uncle James wants any coal-te let him know. Heis still thinking of marriage: perhaps in November or December. He needs some new shirts. Is going to get sugar for his mother.
June 24, 1859
Dr. Caspar Morris writes his wife: that he believes they are in the hands of God - a great strength to him.
July 12, 1859
Dr. Caspar Morris writes his wife: that she is constantly in his thoughts. His job as a manager of the Hospital is demanding. Longs to be with her at Ivy Neck-but duty calls. Puts things in the hands of God. This is the time to cut wood.
July 18, 1859
R.M Bohlen thanks Mrs. Morris for the gift of a beautiful shawl.
July 19, 1859
H.M. Talbot tells Mrs. Morris: of the safe arrival of a new shild. Wife Polly all well with no complications.
Aug. 15, 1859
Cheston Morris to his mother: came down to Olney when he heard that Caspar was sick. Had a bilious attack and diarrehea. Is better now.
Aug. 16, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: Though he thinks often of all being together at Icy Neck, duty compels him to remain at Phila. Wants the necessary work done at Ivy Neck. Perhaps he can find lodging in Phila. for the two of them - leaves plans in the hands of God. Has some new cases that tie him down. Her letters cheer him on.
Aug. 20, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: Emily has donated $10,000. for a chapel at the hospital. Estimates that he is making $50. a week, from his patients. Enough to meet expenses and have a little surplus. The children seen well. Can't leave his patient Mr. Buckley for some time.
Aug. 22, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: is trying to decide if the two of them could live in Phila. and he would continue his practice. Alternately, he might move to Ivy Neck. Asks his wife's advice.
Aug. 26, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: He has decided to take rooms on Chesnut Street. Could be enough for four persons. Mr. Buckley still need his medical attention.
Aug. 28, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: Wonders if she has, as he has, witnessed the sublime spectacle of an Aurora Borealis in the sky. Mr Buckley still in poor state. Another patient has been drinking too much. Phila. has been a healthier city than New York. Galloway & Israel both well and doing God's will.
Sept. 6, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: settling down in his rooms. Hopes she can visit him.
Sept. 8, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: Looks forward to a visit from his wife.
Sept. 10, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: Has some anxiety about taking new quarters. Mr. Buckley got out of bed for 20 minutes the other day. None of his other patients are so seriously ill. Galloway looks well.
Sept. 17, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: Galloway and he are doing nicely.
Sept. 24, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: has been to church and hopes she can get to church, as well. Is sending a trunk of old clothes.
Sept. 25, 1859
Caspar Morris to his wife: his landlady trying to get rid of two roomers.
March 15, 1860
Dr. Rideout to Dr. Morris. Answer him that a bill will be paid.
May 13, 1960
Caspar Morris to his wife: the start of another volume of correspondence. Has been busy and sends lots of love.
June 24, 1860
Heard an exciting sermon by Mr. Brooks Visits of various family members. Death of infant son of Cheston Morris. Caspar is writing the memoir of a doctor.
July 1860
Buys his wife a new carriage.
Aug. 5, 1860
A very hot August with little rain. Often wishes he could visit his wife.
Sept. 27, 1860
Sorry she has taken cold.
March 5, 1861
Samuel Morris sends to Cousin Caspar some willow cuttings.
March 9, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: read her letter and sorry it has been raining so.
March 11, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: A heavy rain drove through his wall and so a ked the paper.
March 17, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: public affairs bring him gloom. Both sides seem irreconcilable.
April 14, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: what a fearful pass things have reached! Maryland must stay with the Union.
April 16, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: much rain falling.
April 27, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: has wome worries about her and wonders if she is safe & if she has enough money.
April 30, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: delighted to hear that she is safe. If so, he will not worry. God is withthem both.
May 8, 1861
Caspar Morris to his wife: Excitement there as troops form to march into Maryland. Need faith in God.
Jan. 7, 1876
H.L. Hall to Caspar Morris. He printed 500 copies of Dr. Morris' letter. Is interested in finding readers to his blind men. (Works in Pa Working Home for the Blind.)
Jan. 12, 1876
T. Welsh to Caspar Morris: Thanks for the note sent. It is a satisfaction to know that he has those "who can rescue me when assailed."
Jan. 25, 1876
Wm. Hawkes to Caspar Morris. Denies his misuse of alcohol with patients in the wards of his hospital.
Feb. 16, 1876
F. King to Caspar Morris: Must attend the University Inauguration.
Feb. 22, 1876
W. Spear to Caspar Morris: offers his services in reading to the blind.
Mar. 21, 1876
N. Mason to Caspar Morris: wants his sympathy for his father who had a slight stroke of paralysis.
Jan. 22, 1877
S. Ashhurst to Caspar Morris. Is shocked to hear that the managers of the hospital will not
Feb. 21, 1877
S. Ashhurst to Caspar Morris: thanks for his friendship. Can make an attampt at a change of term with his colleagues.
Mar. 3, 1877
S. Ashhurst to Caspar Morris: if he cannot make an arrangement with his colleagues to serve at the hospital, will place his resignation in the hands of the managers.
April 3, 1877
A. Davis to Caspar Morris: will know a copy of "Dec No. I" published by the state Charities Aid Society of N.Y. and send it to Dr. Morris for his interest and persual.
May 2, 1877
J. Ashhurst to Caspar Morris: asks Morris' aid in his attempt to be elected to the chair of Clinical Surgery in the University.
May 28, 1877
G. Harlain to Caspar Morris: hopes Dr. Morris will look favorably on the hopes of Dr. Kim toward the position on the Surgical Staff of the Episcopal Hospital.
May 30, 1877
Wm. Hart to Caspar Morris: recommends Dr. Hunrer as a surgeon for the vacancy at the Episcopal Hospital.
May 30, 1877
J. Ashhurst to Caspar Morris. Recommends Dr. Nancrede as a surgeon. Is experienced and devoted to his patients.
Feb. 11, 1879
E.B. Tuttle to Caspar Morris: enjoyed staying with him.
June 27, 1879
D. Scull to Caspar Morris: does he know where to obtain a copy of "Memoir of John Bohlen"?
July 4, 1879
Catherine Brown to Caspar Morris: her sister has contracted pneumonia but is recovering and getting many visits.
Oct. 1879
J. Morris to Caspar Morris and wife: congratulations on their golden wedding anniversary
Nov. 21, 1879
T. Robins to Caspar Morris: recommends his grandson, Robert Robins, soon to graduate from Pa. Univ. Medical School.
Dec. 31, 1879
Ann Griffiths to Caspar Morris: please accept this gift affghan.
Mar. 19, 1880
A. Randall to Caspar Morris: his thanks for attention shown his son, Buxton, when in Philadelphia.
Oct. 30, 1880
J. Bronthwaite to Caspar Morris: appreciates sympathy on death of his son.
Dec. 5, 1880
M. McMillan to Caspar Morris: sincere sympathy on news of Dr. Morris's wife's death.
March 28, 1884
news of Dr. Caspar Morris's death.
May 18, 1884
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris - astonished at the news. Uncle Galloway would nothave built stores on property which had a defect about the title. What can be done?
May 26, 1884
Mary Murray to Calloway Morris - still more astonishing news about the property. Uncle James could perhaps solve the problem. Uncle Galloway surely had title to the property.
August 1884
More complications about the land sale.
Oct. 10, 1884
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: thanks for the check for the rent of the store. Sorry to hear it may be vacant again. Visit from Uncle James Cheston, in good health.
Nov. 25, 1884
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: received his letter & the documents. All clear.
Dec. 6, 1884
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: delighted that the Trust Co. made clear the title of the property.
Dec. 20, 1884
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris - received letter with all the business transactions. All is clear.
Feb. 26, 1885
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: everything cold & covered with snow. Enjoyed a sleigh ride.
March 2, 1885
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: having a cold spell. Hope to come to visit them soon.
May 6, 1885
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: Addis continues to be very ill. (Lungs conjected). The photographs were very welcome.
May 9, 1885
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: much house-cleaning to attend to. Hope all is well.
June 21, 1885
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: A very hot spell. Heard of a cyclone in Phila. Busy canning fruits.
Sept. 21, 1885
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: sorry to hear of Hannah's illness. The girls are preparing preserves for an exhibit.
Oct. 11, 1885
Mary Murrayto Galloway Morris: Uncle James Cheston very ill with pneumonia.
May 31, 1886
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: visited Washington for a whole. Cousin Emily visiting them.
July 17, 1886
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: had a sailing party. All are well.
April 1, 1887
Mary Murray to Galloway Morris: Charley has made fresh leases with all his tenants In Rockingham County. All well.
July 13, 1887
Mary Murray to cousin Emily Hollingsworth: Charley has found a rock which may be manganese. Keep the news quiet.
July 20, 1887
Mary Murray to cousin Emily H: Charley has had a chemist verify the rock as being 55% manganese. Now he must decide what land the rock is on.
Oct. 14, 1887
Mary Murray to cousin Emily H: Charley back from a trip to discover the land containing the manganese. All is well.
Jan 27, 1888
Mary Murray to cousin Emily H: Snow just right for a pleasant sleigh ride.
Box 9
Dec. 12, 1912
Mary Murray to Dr. Elliston Morris at Ivy Neck. Thanks for the Christmas Album.
Aug. 3, 1913
Copy of Southern Churchman: obituary of Dr. James H. Murray-died in a Jacksonville Hospital.
Baltimore SUN: Picture of Tulip Hill. (Samuel Galloway built his mansion here as early as 1745)
Funeral bill of Miss Emily H. Murray. 7th October.
Estate papers of Miss Emily H. Murray
Final papers of Estate of Emily H. Murray.
Estate Paper
The Cheston-Galloway Papers as A Primary Source of Information for Convict Servant History: A Study and Content Analysis
Robert Andrew Oszakiewski
The Cheston-Gallloway papers, a collection of private records in the possession of the Maryland Historical Society and available at the Maryland State Archives on microfilm are a unique source of information concerning colonial mercantile trade and the lives of merchants. The collection consists of the business letters and records of Stevenson and Cheston and its successor firm, Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston, as well as letters between members of the Cheston and Galloway families and their friends. These firms, based in Bristol and Chestertown, but with financial activities and interests in Baltimore and Annapolis, were perhaps the largest shippers of convict servants during its final period from 1771 to 1775 1, when the convict trade effectively ended. It is on this aspect of the papers that this study will concentrate.
Perhaps the most useful part of the papers for both the genealogist and the historian to begin is with the "Account of Servants, 1774-1775", of Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston, [MdHR M1651], which consists of accounts of sales of both indentured and convict servants for December 1774, June 1775, and July 1775 (See Appendix 1). The account of June 1775 is for convict servants only. The accounts of December 1774 and July 1775 do not distinguish between the convict and indentured servants. These accounts give the name of the servant, the name of the purchaser and the amount paid for the servant. Among those purchasing servants from the firm were Benedict Calvert, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and Captain Charles Ridgely, possibly for use in his iron works in Baltimore County.
The value of such a record to the genealogist is obvious, proviading a starting point and in some cases perhaps, an ending point, for tracing ancestors. Its value to the historian is multileveled. On one level it allows the scholar to determine the value that colonial Maryland planters, merchants, and proto-industrialists placed on labor. That similar prices, between 10 and 25 pounds, were being paid for both convicts and indentured servants would seem to indicate that by this late stage of the colonial period both had come to have roughly equal monetary value, if not the same social value. The overwhelming majority of the convicts and the indentured servants are male, supporting conclusions that have been reached in other studies.
Similar information may be found in the Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston Factorage Book, 1767-1775, 1785 and the Ledger of Samuel Galloway, 1755-1779. Again, the name of the servant is given along with the name of the purchaser and the price paid for the servant. In addition, there are occassional notations about the servants, usually of the trade or profession that the servant professed. In both of these, the majority of the names have no profession noted. Other studies of indentured and convict servants have noted that the majority of servants had no skills at the time of their arrival in the colonies. As with the accounts of sales for December 1774 and July 1775 discussed above, the convict servants are not differeniated from the indentured servants. Both of these records will be found on MdHR M 1651.
Following these sources, the letterbooks of James Cheston for 1768-1771 and 1772-1776 respectively, contain the bulk of the remaining information to be found in this collection regarding convict servants. Both are rather typical letterbooks of merchants of this time period, composed of copied versions of correspondance between James Cheston and his customers, associates, and others who dealt with him in one way or another. The earlier letterbook, from 1768-1771, begins with a series of letters between James Cheston and Captain Nicholas Andrew, regarding the wreck of the Randolphe, a ship carrying between 60 and 100 convict servants from Bristol to Chestertown. The ship was wrecked off the coast of North Carolina, with the total loss of its cargo and the escape of the majority of its convicts, most of whom were never recovered. Subsequent letters discuss the arrival of a cargo of convict servants on the Isabella and the sale of the majority of them as a group to Captain Ridgely, in exchange for a shipload of pig iron produced at his Baltimore County iron works.
Other letters in this letterbook that have information regarding convict servants give information about the voyage that the convict endured, their sale in Maryland and how much they sold for. Two other letters record James Cheston's reaction to various laws that had been introduced in the General Assembly that would have placed some controls over the convict servant trade.
The second letterbook, from 1772-1776, is composed of the recorded versions of letters from James Cheston to his business partners and associates. The majority of these letters are to Cheston's partners in Bristol Stevenson and Randolph, informing them of the safe arrival of the shipments of servants, both indentured and convicts, and also proviading information regarding the sales of servants and the prices that had been paid. Cheston's letter of 11 July 1774 is fairly typical and will serve as an example:
.... The servants are all sold, 68 by retail, the remainder lumped off at the low price of 13 pound currency for men and [illegible] for women, which I was glad to accept as I found it was to no purpose to keep them any longer on expenses.... The remainder will average at 16 pounds currency....
Other letters in the letterbook and other boxes of incoming letters testify to the growing demand for skilled servants:
.... There is a shoemaker aboard, but in looking over my memorandums, I find that I have promised one to Mr. Gittings.
Other letters recorded in the letterbook hold information about the voyages the convicts made, the competition that Cheston faced in selling convicts sent to him, and the difficulty in collecting payment from purchasers of convicts.
The remaining boxes of incoming letters contain scattered references to convict servants. Box 9, with letters from 1767 to April 1771 [MdHR 1652] contains two interesting letters, both from William Stevenson. The first, dated 5 August 1768, informs Cheston of the decision to take Randolph into partnership:
... if we were to join with him, there would be no competition in the [convict trade], and convicts will all fall into our hands.
The second, dated 2 September 1768, informs Cheston that the largest part of the bulk cargo must be left in Bristol, "... as the convicts will be aboard". That a merchant firm that dealt in the import and export of goods that the colonists needed and wanted would choose to leave that cargo unshipped in favour of convict servants attests to the profitability of the convict trade.
Box 10 of the incoming letters, from may 1771 to December 1771 [MdHR M 1653] contains only one reference to convict servants that has no real information in it. Box 11, incoming letters from June 1773 to October 1773, also on MdHR M 1653, contains three letters of interest. The first, from Stevensonm and Randolph urges Cheston to collect the ammounts due from "... all persons who purchase convicts on credit" and posted a bond. The second, also from Stevenson and Randolph, suggests that Cheston sell a shipment of convicts wholesale to push the price up. The third letter, from Turbutt Wright of 11 April 1773, lends support to studies of other scholars that have concluded that colonists were reluctant to accept convict servants:
I am in great want of a servant who understands ditching and planting and would chose an indentured servant in preference to a convict, but rather than not have one this summer... would consent to take a convict....
Box 12 of incoming letters, also on MdHR M 1653, has four letters that are of great interest to the genealogist and the historian. These letters are actually certificates from Stevenson and Randolph to James Cheston that were to be delivered by various ships captains. These certificates inform Cheston that the convicts named in them have paid towards the reduction of the time they have to serve. Each of these gives the name of the servant and the amount paid for this freedom and their passage to Maryland. (See Appendix 2)
Boxes 13 and 14 of incoming letters contain very little useful information regarding the sale or transportation of convict servants. One letter from John Page indicates that, on occassion, the convict servant didnot always satisfy the purchaser:
.... Mr Hodges sent his men to my [illegible] with a convict man who said that he had been used to wait on gentlemen and mind their houses... he would by no means suit me, therefore I sent him back again immediately.... 10
Box 19, "Bills and Receipts, 1768 to 1775," the last part of the papers that will be considered for this study, contains some useful information regarding the sales of convict servants between 1767 and 1770. The statements of accounts between the firm of Smyth and Sudler and Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston list the total ammounts paid for convicts and indentured servants in both currency and pounds sterling. The dates of arrivals of the ships used to transport servants indicates that these arrivals were planned to coincide with the prepartions for Spring planting and Fall harvests, when labour would be at a preiumn, and could bring the most profit, conclusions that have been reached by other studies.
To date, only one study has been done that used the Cheston-Galloway papers to any extent. Kenneth Morgan's article, "The Organization of the Convict Trade to Maryland: Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston, 1768-1775", mentioned above, begins as a content analysis of the collection, but quickly abandons this approach for an attempt at an analysis of the convict servant trade to Maryland in general.
The Cheston-Galloway papers do not yield any new information to the scholar researching the convict servant trade. Rather, their value lies in the primary source support that they proviade for the conclusions reached in various other studies. The papers may serve as the base for a more complete study of colonial mercantile involvement in this trade than has been done here or in Kenneth Morgan's study. Analysis of these records and the records left by other merchants of this period and a comparison of the information found may yield a more complete and complex understanding of the convict servant trade.
Kenneth Morgan, in his study, "The Organization of the Convict Trade to Maryland: Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston, 1768-1775", William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd series, Vol. XLII, No. 2, estimates that 93% of all Convicts sent to Maryland in this time were shipped by Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston.
See David W. Galenson, White Servitude in Colonial America; an Economic Analysis, (Cambridge, 1987), A. Roger Ekirch, Bound for America: The Transportation of British Convicts to to Colonies: 1718 to 1775, (Clarendon Press, 1987), Russell B. Menard, "Population, Economy and Society in 17th Century Maryland", Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 79, 1984, pp. 71-92, and Smith, Colonists in Bondage: White Servitude and Convict Labor in America, 1607-1776, (University of North Carolina Press, 1947).
Galenson, Mennard and Smith especcially.
24 July 1770 to Nicholas Jamison, 5 August 1770 and 22 August 1770 to Randolph, Stevenson, and Cheston.
1 January 1771 and 21 April 1771.
To Thomas Smyth, 3 April 1773.
Letter to Thomas Smyth, 3 April 1773.
Letters to Stevenson and Randolph, 13 June 1773, 12 December 1773, 2 April 1774 and 18 June 1774.
To Stevenson, Randolph and Cheston, 24 January 1775: "I now enclose... accounts of sales of the convicts... the greatest part of which I will not be quite so easy to collect as has been hitherto...." 10 July 1775:"... no debts are paid and from the Elizabeth's convicts I have recorded 50 pounds, tho they are all sold."
John Page to James Cheston, 28 March 1774.
Galenson, Ekirch, and Smith.


text:
Children and teens who ate fast foods multiple times a week were at an increased risk for severe asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema, researchers found.
Consumption of fast foods three or more times a week was associated with a 39% increased risk of severe asthma and a 70% increased risk of severe eczema among teens, according to Philippa Ellwood, DDN, DPH, of the University of Auckland in New Zealand, and colleagues.
In addition, children who dined on fast foods with the same frequency had significantly increased risk of rhinoconjunctivitis and severe eczema, they wrote online in the journal Thorax.
Lower levels of fast food consumption (one to two times weekly) also were significantly associated with wheezing and severe asthma in children, they added.
However, Ellwood and colleagues also found that fruit consumption three or more times a week among children and teens offered a protective effect against severe asthma.
If the associations found in this study are causal, "the findings have major public health significance owing to the rising consumption of fast foods globally," the authors stated.
The authors noted that earlier research had found diets with high intake of cereal, rice, and nut and cereal protein showed decreased prevalence of the allergic conditions and a protective effect against the conditions with elevated fruit consumption. Similarly, other research has shown a harmful effect of linoleic acid and trans fatty acid consumption.
The researchers gathered symptom prevalence data on types of food intake and symptom prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, wheezing, and eczema from 319,196 teens, ages 13 and 14, from 51 countries, and 181,631 children, ages 6 and 7, from 31 countries through the third phase of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). The latter is a multicenter, multicountry, multiphase cross-sectional study.
Teen participants, or parents of young children, were administered questionnaires that looked at symptoms and symptom frequency over the 12 months prior to the study. Questions about food intake looked at types of foods and whether foods were eaten once, twice, or three or more times weekly.
Fast food consumption three or more times weekly in both teens and children was associated with the following odds ratios for children and teens respectively:
- Severe asthma: OR 1.27 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.42) and OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.30 to 1.49)
- Severe rhinoconjunctivitis: OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.68) and OR 1.73 (95% 1.50 to 2.00)
- Severe eczema: OR 1.30 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.61) and OR 1.70 (95% CI 1.48 to 1.95)
Eating fast food was also tied to current wheezing in teens (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.33) and children (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.95) when consumed three or more times a week.
Fruit consumption at least once or twice a week was associated with a significant protective effect against current wheezing (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.97), severe asthma (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.98), and severe rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.93) among children. This effect extended to severe eczema (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.98) among children who consumed fruit three or more times a week.
Among teens, eating fruit at least once or twice a week had a significant protective effect against current wheeze (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.97), severe asthma (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.98), severe rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.95), and severe eczema (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.97).
The protective effect lost significance in participant teens who ate fruit three or more times a week for severe rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.00) and severe eczema (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.06).
Milk consumption was inversely associated with current wheeze at once or twice weekly, severe asthma three or more times weekly, and severe rhinoconjunctivitis and severe eczema once or twice a week in teens.
Consumptions of eggs, fruit, meat, and milk three or more times a week protected against "all three conditions, current or severe" among children.
"The positive associations with severe disease suggest that fast foods are a predictor of disease severity rather than disease occurrence, although it is difficult to separate out the two in this study," they concluded.
They also noted that "the protective association between fruit and vegetables and the three conditions should be further explored at country and regional levels."
The authors found the study was limited by a number of factors, including self-report biases or misclassification, socioeconomic status' effect on food consumption, and missing temporal data on disease outcome relative to diet.
The study was funded by the Asthma and Respiratory Foundation of New Zealand, AstraZeneca New Zealand, the Auckland Medical Research Foundation, Glaxo Wellcome New Zealand, the Auckland Medical Research Foundation, the Health Research Council of New Zealand, the Child Health Research Foundation, the New Zealand Lotteries Grants Board, the Waikato Medical Research Foundation, the BupaFoundation, and Glaxo Wellcome International Medical Affairs.
The researchers reported no conflicts of interest.
- Reviewed by Robert Jasmer, MD Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco and Dorothy Caputo, MA, BSN, RN, Nurse Planner

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Welcome to Babylon-X.com, the largest celebrity movie and
picture collectionon the net! If you are looking for a particular person or
a rare picture,famous sex tape or a sexy movie scene, I give you 99, 9% that
you will findall that you are looking for on Babylon-X.com!!! 70.000+ nude
celebritypictures and 5.000+ nude celebrity movies, the latest celebrity
scandals andold time disclosures are waiting for you inside!
Hurry up and join
todaybecause we have our limited offer only for this
week!Get access now, relax and watch
how celebrities go hardcore!!!
Paris Hilton still HOT!!!New Paris Hilton tape!!! Get access to see her.
She is not the most beautiful,she is just the most HOT!!!Want to see it?JOIN NOW!!!Limited offer only todayHURRY UP!!!


text:
Diversified Woodcrafts' high-quality Wood Workbench provides you with plenty of work space and storage and is so durable that it comes backed by a lifetime warranty. Solid maple legs and stringers provide you with a wobble-free workbench, an absolute necessity when working in shops and vocational classrooms. Store equipment and supplies close at hand on the roomy plywood shelf. Choose a 1 3/4" thick or 2 1/4" thick solid maple for your Diversified Woodcrafts 60"W x 36"D Wood Workbench. Both styles feature an earth-friendly UV finish that protects your workbench from chips and scratches.
Key Feature
- Solid maple legs and top
- Earth-friendly UV finish resists scratches
- Roomy lower storage shelf
- Backed by a lifetime warranty
- Leg Material: Solid maple
- Top Material: 1 3/4" thick or 2 1/4" thick solid maple
- Finish: Earth-friendly, UV finish
- Shelf Material: Plywood
- Width: 60"
- Depth: 36"
- Height: 32" (1 3/4" top unit); 32 1/2" (2 1/4" top unit)


text:
Water cooling has been a long time favorite way of keeping my CPU's nice and cool. Back since the day I built my first Intel Q6600 I have had my system under water. Despite the risks involved, I do prefer it to traditional air coolers. Even after I sprung a leak in my reservoir, I just removed the reservoir and installed a T-line. Though, I have never had a graphics card that was water cooled. Primarily because I tend to change my graphics cards rather frequently, but also because I don't usually overclock graphics cards unless I am benchmarking for some fun. Today, I may change my outlook of water cooled graphics cards because that is the focus of our article. Over the next several pages we are going to take an up close and personal look at the EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW! As I am sure you have gathered, the EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW is an NVIDIA GeForce GTX 470 that comes with a full coverage water block pre-installed.
Not only is the EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW ready to rock with the water block already in place, but it also comes with an overclock in place! Of course, being the FTW edition it's going to be the highest overclock available from EVGA! The vanilla EVGA GeForce GTX 470 has a base clock speed of 607MHz and an effective memory speed of 3348MHz, which is solid performance in its own right. There is also a version or two of the GeForce GTX 470 available from EVGA that run at 625MHz/3402MHz for an added performance boost. Not bad, but our sample today will break away from the pack with an impressive clock speed of 650MHz which is a 7% boost in the core clock. The memory speeds have also been pushed further and are running at an effective 3402MHz.
If you are unfamiliar with EVGA, I have to ask one question: have you been living under a rock? If so, welcome to the party! Located in Brea, California, EVGA was started back in 1999 and has quickly become an enthusiast favorite. They also have some of the top performing products out there. This isn't an opinion, this is based on fact. Just recently KINGPIN was able to take several EVGA products and take back the 3DMark Vantage world record with a score of over 70k! The setup included an EVGA Classified Super Record 2 SR-2 Motherboard, and four EVGA GeForce GTX 480's! If EVGA products are good enough for a world record…I'm just sayin'. Speaking from personal experience, I have used around half a dozen or so EVGA motherboards and a handful of graphics cards in system builds for myself and others, and have always had a great experience with EVGA products.
The EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW is currently available for $459.99 with free shipping over at EVGA.com. The EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW is backed by a lifetime warranty and details on the warranty can be found here. The specifications for the EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW are plentiful and, of course, are listed below.
The EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW requires 550Watt power supply and a pair of 6pin PCIe plugs and 38 Amps on the 12 Volt rail in order for this beast to run. Enough specifications already, let's take a look at the packaging and bundle for the EVGA GeForce GTX 470 Hydro Copper FTW and, of course, the card itself before we get to some testing.
Comments are closed.


text:
Learning from their elders. In Young and Beautiful (of Hello! Im Old), a new play running until July 20 at the Sanford Meisner Theater, several young men are forced to confront artistic redemption and a new understanding of youth, old age and human mortality when an old man arrives as they rehearse a play. The play goes on, despite the stresses and never ending crises of the producer and cast. The old man presents them with cathartic truths that can only be learned by living. The theater is located at 164 Eleventh Avenue and can be reached by calling 212-206-1764. The show is performed Monday and Thursday through Saturday at 8 p.m. for $19.
BRINGING SOULS BACK TOGETHER Our Lady of 121st Street, a popular off-Broadway show directed by actor Phillip Seymor Hoffman, will be ending its run on July 27. The show features a group of friends who are reunited after the death of Sister Rose, a much feared but beloved nun from their childhood. The show is performed Thursday through Saturday at 8 p.m., Saturday through Sunday at 3 p.m. and Sunday nights at 7 p.m. at the Union Square Theater, 100 East 17th St., 212-505-0700. $25-$65.
The basset table, a comedy that transports the audience from the English Restoration to a 1950s television studio, HERE ARTS CENTER, 145 Sixth Ave., July 9, 11, 13, 8:30 p.m., July 12, 4 p.m., $15, 212-868-4444.
BLUE MAN GROUP: TUBES, a multi-faceted and unique performance by silent and blue-faced iconoclasts and actors/ dancers/musicians, ASTOR PL. THEATER, 434 Lafayette St., open-ended run, Tue.-Thur., 8 p.m., Fri., 7 & 10 p.m., Sat., 4, 7 & 10 p.m., Sun., 2, 5 & 8 p.m., $55-$65, 254-4370.
Cellophane, a spiritual history of America, through the medium of bad language, puchiing the limits of language in this exploration of humanity in the post-modern world, THE FLEA THEATER, 45 White St., July 3, Thu.-Sat., 8 p.m., July 10-Aug. 2, $5, 212-226-0051.
Change of seasons, romantic alliances change as two charming men romance the same rich beautiful woman in this romantic comedy, THIRTEENTH STREET REPERTORY COMPANY, 50 W. 13th St., Thu.-Sun., 7 p.m., through July 13, $10-$15, 212-675-6677.
THE COMPLETE WORKS OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE: ABRIDGED, actors Peter Ackerman, Jeremy Shamos & David Turner take on 75 of Shakespeares characters in this contemporary and shamelessly abridged adaptation of the collected works of the bard; dir. by Jeremy Dobrish, CENTURY CENTER FOR THE PERFORMING ARTS, 11 E. 15th St., Tue.-Fri., 8 p.m., Sat., 2, 5 & 8 p.m., Sun., 4 p.m., ongoing, $29-$59, 239- 6200.
DEBBIE DOES DALLAS, based on the American film porn classic, this is the story of a girl from a small town with stars in her eyes who dreamed about growing up & making it big in the city, JANE STREET THEATER, 113 Jane St., Mon.-Fri., 8 p.m., Fri., 10:30 p.m., Sat., 7 & 10 p.m., ongoing, $25-$45, 302-7000.
The devil & daniel webster, the Devil comes to the wedding party of Jabez Stone, a young upcoming State Senator who sold him his soul, HARRY DE JUR PLAYHOUSE, Henry Street Settlement, 466 Grand Street, Fri.-Sat., 8 p.m., Sat.-Sun., 2 p.m., through July 13, $5-$10, 212-598-0400.
THE DONKEY SHOW, the audience participates in this bawdy, disco-infused adaptation of A Midsummer Nights Dream, THE CLUB EL FLAMINGO, 547 W. 21st St., Wed. & Thur., 8 p.m., Fri. & Sat., 8 & 10:30 p.m., ongoing, $25-$39 plus drinks, 307-4100.
Edge, an extraordinary look at one of the 20th Centurys most influential figures, revealing the true Sylvia Plath not only as a poet, but also as a child, woman, wife & mother, DR2 THEATER, 103 E. 15th St., Mon.-Sat., 8 p.m., Sat., 3 p.m., through Sep. 20, $40, 212-239-6200.
The fisherman of beaudrais, an epic tale about a man who, belatedly in life, learns the true meaning of patriotism and honor in the early days of the second World War, THE BANK STREET THEATER, 155 Bank St., Thu.-Sat., 8 p.m., Sat.-Sun., 3 p.m., through July 20, $10-$15, 212-868-4444.
Flesh & Blood, the intimate story of three generations of an American family, beginning in the 1930s when a Greek immigrant arrives in New York City, NEW YORK THEATER WORKSHOP, 79 East Fourth St., Tue.-Sat., 8 p.m., Sat.-Sun., 2 p.m., Sun., 7 p.m., through July, $60, 212-239-6200.
Getting into heaven, the deeply moving story os a rock star who struggles to keep her life together after tragedy blows her life apart, by Polly Draper, THE FLEA THEATER, 41 White St., Wed.-Sat., 7 p.m., Sat., 3 p.m., through Aug. 2, $25, 212-352-3101.
Gilligan stump! and tha perfesser, Gilligan Stump plays a mean guitar and belts out aggressively hilarious lyrics with subject ranging from cockroach infestations to a strange desire to be Hillarys intern, UNDER ST. MARKS, 94 St. Marks Place, July 12, 19, 26, Aug. 2, 11 p.m., $6-$8, 212-868-4444.
Goldas balcony, final extension of the popular award winning play, MANHATTAN ENSEMBLE THEATER, 55 Mercer St., various perfromances through July 13, call for information, $60, 212-239-6200.
GOLDEN LADDER, a comedy about growing up in a mixed-religion household and a daughters attempt to remedy her parents religious conflicts, THE PLAYERS THEATER, 115 MacDougal St., Tue.-Fri., 8 p.m., Sat., 4 & 8 p.m., ongoing, $50-$55, 239-6200.
Jane eyre: The Musical, Charlotte Brontes classic novel featuring one of the greatest love stories of all time turned into an original musical production, THE WINGS THEATER, 154 Greenwich St., Mon., Thu.-Sat., 8 p.m., Sun., 7 p.m., through July 26, $19, 212-627-2961.
LINE, comedy by Israel Horovitz that is the longest-running off-off Broadway show, THIRTEENTH STREET REPERTORY, 50 W. 13th St., open-ended, Wed. & Thur., 7 p.m., Sat., 9:30 p.m., $10-$12.50, 675-6677.
Make love, the tragicomic life of Liza Minelli is the backdrop of this show as one New Yorker tries to make sense of the current chaos of our nation, FEZ, Time Cafe, 380 Lafayette St., Sun., 8 p.m., July 13-Aug. 10, $20, 212-533-2680.
MONO, set in a Lower East Side bar, an exploration of the microcosms of Lower Manhattan, SURF REALITY, 172 Allen St., Thur.-Sat., 8 p.m., open-ended, $15, 358-3447.
NAKED BOYS SINGING, a nude musical extravaganza, THE ACTORS PLAYHOUSE, 100 Seventh Ave. S., Mon., Wed.-Fri., 8 p.m., Sat., 7 & 10 p.m., Sun., 3 & 7 p.m., open-ended, $35-$50, 239-6200.
Our lady of 121st Street, tells the funny & touching story of a group of friends who are reuinited after the death of Sister Rose, a mich feared but beloved nun from thier childhood, UNION SQUARE THEATER, 100 E. 17th St., Thu.-Sat., 8 p.m., Sun., 7 p.m., Sat.-Sun., 3 p.m., through July 27, $25-$65, 212-505-0700.
Pieces (of ass), a series of original monologues from a rotating cast of beautiful women, ranging from the hilarious to the heartbreaking, from provocative to perplexing, THEATER 80, 80 St. Marks Place, Tue.-Thu., 8 p.m., Fri.-Sun., 7 p.m., Fri.-Sat., 10 p.m., July 10-Aug. 3, $35-$40, 212-868-4444.
Platanos & Collard greens, a play that asks if love between a black man and a Latina woman can survive, PRODUCERS CLUB THEATER, 358 W. 44th ST., July 18-19, 8 p.m., $20, 646-522-4348.
President harding is a rock star, original rock & roll play that explores issues of American identity through a surrealist portrait of President Harding imagined as a fallen rock star, HERE ARTS CENTER, 145 Sixth Ave., Fri.-Sun., 7 p.m., July 11-Aug. 3, $15, 212-868-4444.
ROCK STARS NYC, stage dive into the intensified rock concert experience combining dance & live rock & roll music where the audience can dress, sing, dance & party like a rick star all night long, POLLY ESTHERS, 186 W. Fourth St., Fri., 8 p.m., open-ended, $35-$55, 212-714-ROCK.
Song of the simple truth, a bilingual musicalization of the life & work of Julia De Burgos, conceived & directed by Melba LaRose, HERE ARTS CENTER, 145 Sixth Ave., Wed.-Fri., 7:30 p.m., July 9-25, $15, 212-868-4444.
A STOOP ON orchard street, a new musical inspired by a visit to the Tenement Museum where a man has agreed to pass up a pivotal Yankees game to please the woman he had recently wed & found himself obseesed with the stories represented there, MAZER THEATER, 197 East Broadway, July 8-31, call for times & tickets, 800-965-4827.
Tragedy in 9 lives, re-creates the happenings of Andy Warhols Factory in the 1960s when the borders between high & pop were fluid & the possibilities seemed endless, TORONADA THEATER, PS 122, 150 First Ave., Wed.-Sat., 8:30 p.m., July 9-Aug. 2, $15, 212-868-4444.
Untitled farce, an old-style, fun-filled farce in every sense of the word, with ch
Caracters falling in and out of absurd situations at the drop of a hat, THE KRAINE THEATER. 84 East Fourth St., July 17-19, 31, Aug. 1-2, 8 p.m., July 19, Aug. 2, 3 p.m., $12-$15, 917-446-9438.
VINCENT, a new musical by Robert Mitchell about the life of Vincent Van Gogh, directed by Judith Fredericks, WINGS THEATER, 154 Christopher St., Thru.-Sat., Mon., 8 p.m., Sun., 3:30 p.m., open ended, $19, 627-2961.
Vintage sandwich, new comic material where Madame Funnypants spins a tale of loves, lost & found, THE ST. MARKS THEATER, 94 St. Marks Place, July 16, 23 & 30, 8 p.m., $8-$10, 212-868-4444.
Who am i, probes the relationships between living sould and those who created them by weaving four interconnected stories of hope, love, abandonment, despair & redemption, ABINGTON THEATER ARTS COMPLEX, 312 W. 36th ST., July 16, 9:30 p.m., July 18, 5 p.m., July 25, 4 p.m., July 26. 6:50 p.m., July 27, 12:45 p.m., Aug. 2, 11 a.m., $15, 212-279-4200.
Young & beautiful (or hello! im old!), the story of a little theater group rehearsing a gay play & meeting disaster after disaster, until a mysterious old man visits the theater one day & delivers not only artistic redemption but a new understandign of youth, old age & human mortality, THE SANFORD MEISNER THEATER, 164 Eleventh Ave., Mon., Thu.-Sat., 8 p.m., Sun., 3 p.m., call about other performances, through July 20, $19, 212-206-1764.
Downtown Express is published by
Community Media LLC.
Downtown Express | 487 Greenwich St., Suite 6A | New York, NY 10013
Phone: 212.242.6162 | Fax: 212.229.2970
Email: email@example.com
Written permission of the publisher must be obtainedbefore any of the contents of this newspaper, in whole or in part, can be reproduced or redistributed.


text:
The Commercial Rail features roll formed rails made of zinc plated steel or stainless steel; providing low cost corrosion resistant capability. The machined aluminum slider body is made of 6061-T6 anodized for corrosion resistance and adjustable pre-load design to ensure flexability--aiding system integration. Applications for Commercial Rail include automation, packaging, material handling, environmental, energy, HVAC, medical and office equipment.
There are no videos for this product. Check back soon for updates!
NOTE: If you are from outside of the United States please enter the phone number you may be reached at when dialed from the United States. NOTE: List prices will be quoted unless you provide your company name, and customer number.
Get our latest news and updates
Watch the latest video
and access PBC Linear's
entire video library here.
Sign up for free product samples to evaluate with your application!


text:
A different and versatile track for your media needs. Starts with a soft arpeggio and then drums, strings, bass, pads, cello, trumpet, woodwinds and classical guitar all join in to form a powerful track. The track is written on a major scale to give a general positive feeling, but intentionally it is given a sad feeling also.
For an easier exploration of my profile items use the collection links below.


text:
Seller Prefers No Photo in Willow Glen
A great listing should be chock-full of photos to make you drop everything you're doing and run over to your agent to say I MUST HAVE THIS HOUSE THIS INSTANT. A so-so listing will have at least a couple of photos that intrigue you enough to see yourself possibly moving in. And then there's today's listing.
Yes, we know there was no listing yesterday. Unless all three of our readers decide to send in voluntary donations to keep us motivated, there sure are times we just don't feel like writing. You want fresh content each morning? Then go ahead and MAKE MY DAY.
Ahem. Anyway, on to today's featured property!
572 W WILLIAM St
San Jose, CA 95125
3 Beds
1 Baths
1,204 Sq. Ft.
$249 / Sq. Ft.
Built: 1905
Lot Size: 6,000 Sq. Ft.
On Redfin: 122 days
Status: Active
Property Type: Detached Single Family
Community: Willow Glen
Stories: 1
County: Santa Clara
Great fixer upper in Willow Glen. 3 Bedrooms 1 bath, shopping and schools nearby. Large kitchen with cute built-ins. High ceiling adds space.
Why would the seller prefer no photo when their agent could give us this one?
Or an even better shot, like the LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION! This place is close to EVERYTHING! Like extra added emissions!
And we're sure you can find even more amazing benefits to this property that the agent neglected to share! Have at it!


text:
Poor Little Girl: Chick From Spain Tries To Teach Her Little Sister Some New Dance Moves! (Dancing To Popular Reggaeton Track "Dembow")
Submitted By @LaCalleUrbana @djwaterboi
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


text:
Rich-Ti wrote:After all, companies only stopped working in alu because carbon processes became so straightforward - as a material there's no reason not to use alu, and anyone riding a top end alu bike will realise the belief that they're a harsh ride is totally unfounded. My CAAD9 was a better bike than my Cervélo R3!
Finally someone who understands...I went from a Avanti Alu bike (dead frame to ride) to a Trek Madone and now a CAAD10 which is the most comfortable of the lot in-spite of being the most aggressive geometry of the three. I had one guy who has never ridden a CAAD10 tell me that the "road buzz" would kill me, another tell me that I would get a bad back because of the harshness of the ride, both were talking BS. Having said this my next frame will be Steel or Ti as I want to experience them.
PS: Comedian....great choice of frame. I am sure the wait will be worth it.


text:
Ceramics Reenvisioned
April 28, 2009
A rich new database of contemporary ceramics images is now available online as a result of Lewis & Clark's accessCeramics project.
Ted Vogel, assistant professor of art and program head of ceramics, together with Margo Ballantyne, visual resources curator at Watzek Library, initiated the project. They formed a curatorial board and invited established, professional artists to contribute images of their work to the website.
"High-quality images of the ceramic arts are among the least represented in licensed and open digital image databases," says Mark Dahl, associate director for digital initiatives and collection management at Watzek Library. "AccessCeramicsis a unique collection that combines work by recognized ceramics artists with rich meta data to form an online database that can be used as a resource for education in the ceramic arts both at the college and K-12 levels."
Technical designers Mark Dahl and Jeremy McWilliams, digital services coordinator at Watzek Library, chose the photo-sharing site Flickr as a database to store the ceramics images that appear on accessCeramics. The team has reached a milestone of 1,500 images from more than 100 artists, and they hope to reach 2,000 images and 150 artists by June.
The accessCeramics project is supported by an Instructional Innovation Fund grant from the National Institute for Technology and Liberal Education.
For more information, click here.


text:
It's a fact: More than 60 percent of American women wear full figure bras, making full figure women the majority, not the minority. Full figure bras are designed to support larger breasts, so they often include such features as a leotard back, multi-part cups and wider straps for enhanced support. Today, manufacturers are aware that women want to buy full figure bras that celebrate their curves, not hide them. This is why HerRoom features a vast selection of supportive yet sexy full figure bras you're sure to love.
HerRoom features all kinds of full figure bras -- including multi-part seamed styles, minimizers, support bras, wireless, strapless, plunge, demi, balcony, seamless unlined bras, underwires, contour/t-shirt styles and more. All these full-figure bras are designed to shape and support your breasts beautifully, with pretty, feminine touches like lace, tulle and embroidery. Check out the full figure bra selection at HerRoom.com today and enjoy free shipping on qualifying purchases!


text:
Visit Edmunds.com for a complete listing of local car dealerships in Coraopolis, Pennsylvania. Find the best deal on your next vehicle with online discount price quotes on car, truck, SUV, and minivan models. With the ability to compare prices on new and used vehicles in Coraopolis, Edmunds.com makes the car buying process convenient and cost-effective. Search for car dealerships in Coraopolis, Pennsylvania with our comprehensive dealership network and avoid the common hassles associated with car shopping.
Non Display Review Name "I needed a reliable car. I have rented and purchased from Enterprise before. Lucas made the purchase easy. Lucas showed me cars in my price range; he"... Read more Review by: Rideneeded


text:
About this Song
"Hopeful Ukulele" is a joyful and upbeat track featuring ukulele, musicbox, acoustic rythm guitar, percussion, handclaps, bass, finger snaps. This acoustic song is great for corporate videos, commercials, cinema, advertisement, movie trailer or as web page music.
Please check it out and if you purchase it, please rate it ! Thanks for listening.
This item includes two versions :
1. Long Version – 2:14
2. Short Version – 1:01
Wav 16-Bit Stereo, 44,1 kHz and Mp3 320 kbps
Find your Music id


text:
SMC 337 CAR WITH COAL LOAD (HOn30)
toney Mountain Classic Castings is very proud to introduce for the first time, our Rolling Stock. To start with, all of the Rolling Stock has been modified from N gauge engines and cars to be used for the HOn30 narrow gauge vintage mining and logging scenes. We have chosen a very select group of engines and cars to be used. Each one is hand built, so no two are alike. There are slight differences in every engine and train car, but you are assured the same quality for each piece. Due to the great amount of labor and care that goes into each Rolling Stock unit, it will be necessary for you to call us for delivery schedules. Thank you for your interest.
Click To Enlarge
- Item #: SMC-337
- Manufacturer: Stoney Mountain Classic Castings


text:
It was really funny. A lot better than I thought. A lot of swearing though.
I felt embarrasing watching this movie and I left before the lights went on. I did not want anyone to recognize me.
If my review gets remove please remove the 5 stars reviews because is the same person coming in here to give pathetic opinions about writing and zero reviews about this movie.
Fake reviews.
Hoping they don't do a sequel from this movie. They should never produce this movie.
I checked my spelling before posting in here. We have a police review person checking everyone's reviews.
One star. The movie need less than one star.
No funny.
Disgusting movie.
Mister detective who keep posting by 5 stars to bash others is the one who keeps messing around. Making popcorn to watch his next 5 stars review. Lol
Now my review. The movie contains too much lousy scenes. The swearing was beyond of any 99 cents movie. Time Tube Machine had less swearing and vulgarity than this movie.
We went to watch this movie today and seriously S..... lol
First time posting in here. No drama please saying one person is doing all the reviews.
I am sure my review will get remove because my gramatical mistakes. I have the rights of free speech to give a simple review.
really funny
Better then the first one. this one was a lot funnier
This movie is called A Bad Moms Christmas for a reason. They are bad moms! They swear and get drunk and have sex! This is not a wholesome Christmas movie and for goodness sakes, it's rated 14A so anyone who brought their children to this movie is just silly! Is it going to win an Oscar? No. It's a dumb movie to go see with your girlfriends and have a few laughs.
I'll be honest, I didnt even see the movie. I just saw 3 5 star reviews written by the same person. So I felt I had to try to counteract them be giving a 1 Star. So if this review gets removed because of that, they need to remove the fake 5 star reviews as well.
Front Row Centre |
Winnipeg Movies |
Edmonton Movie Guide |
Enprimeur |
Cine Entreprise |
US Showtimes |
Restaurant Guide
Coming Soon -
What's Playing -
Movies by Theatre -
Showtimes powered by Tribute.ca | © 2000-2011 FilmCan


text:
It is possible that the main title of the report TORCH Syndrome is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report.
TORCH Syndrome refers to infection of a developing fetus or newborn by any of a group of infectious agents. "TORCH" is an acronym meaning (T)oxoplasmosis, (O)ther Agents, (R)ubella (also known as German Measles), (C)ytomegalovirus, and (H)erpes Simplex. Infection with any of these agents (i.e., Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex viruses) may cause a constellation of similar symptoms in affected newborns. These may include fever; difficulties feeding; small areas of bleeding under the skin, causing the appearance of small reddish or purplish spots; enlargement of the liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly); yellowish discoloration of the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes (jaundice); hearing impairment; abnormalities of the eyes; and/or other symptoms and findings. Each infectious agent may also result in additional abnormalities that may be variable, depending upon a number of factors (e.g., stage of fetal development).
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
Tel: (914)997-4488
Fax: (914)997-4763
Tel: (888)663-4637
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://www.marchofdimes.com
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road NE
Atlanta, GA 30333
Tel: (404)639-3534
Tel: (800)232-4636
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/
NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Office of Communications and Government Relations
6610 Rockledge Drive, MSC 6612
Bethesda, MD 20892-6612
Tel: (301)496-5717
Fax: (301)402-3573
Tel: (866)284-4107
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://www.niaid.nih.gov/
NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
P.O. Box 5801
Bethesda, MD 20824
Tel: (301)496-5751
Fax: (301)402-2186
Tel: (800)352-9424
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/
NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
31 Center Dr
Building 31, Room 2A32
Bethesda, MD 20892
Fax: (866)760-5947
Tel: (800)370-2943
Email: email@example.com
Internet: http://www.nichd.nih.gov/
Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
PO Box 8126
Gaithersburg, MD 20898-8126
Tel: (301)251-4925
Fax: (301)251-4911
Tel: (888)205-2311
Email: http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/GARD/EmailForm.aspx
Internet: http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/GARD
Perkins School for the Blind
175 North Beacon Street
Watertown, MA 02472
Tel: (617)924-3434
Fax: (617)926-2027
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://www.Perkins.org
National Consortium on Deaf-Blindness
The Teaching Research Institute
345 N. Monmouth Avenue
Monmouth, OR 97361
Tel: (800)438-9376
Fax: (503)838-8150
Tel: (800)438-9376
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://www.nationaldb.org
This is an abstract of a report from the National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. ® (NORD). A copy of the complete report can be obtained for a small fee by visiting the NORD website. The complete report contains additional information including symptoms, causes, affected population, related disorders, standard and investigational treatments (if available), and references from medical literature. For a full-text version of this topic, see http://www.rarediseases.org/search/rdblist.html
The information provided in this report is not intended for diagnostic purposes. It is provided for informational purposes only. NORD recommends that affected individuals seek the advice or counsel of their own personal physicians.
It is possible that the title of this topic is not the name you selected. Please check the Synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and Disorder Subdivision(s) covered by this report
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through the date at the end of the topic. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current information about this disorder.
For additional information and assistance about rare disorders, please contact the National Organization for Rare Disorders at P.O. Box 1968, Danbury, CT 06813-1968; phone (203) 744-0100; web site www.rarediseases.org or email firstname.lastname@example.com
Last Updated: 5/15/2009
Copyright 1987, 1989, 1999, 2007, 2009 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information.


text:
Information regarding any particular Slokam or Mantram and for any queries regarding the same.
Sticky Threads
Normal Threads
Use this control to limit the display of threads to those newer than the specified time frame.
Allows you to choose the data by which the thread list will be sorted.
Order threads in...
Note: when sorting by date, 'descending order' will show the newest results first.
Forum Rules


text:
just the tonic saturday night comedy
Just the Tonic, Camden, London.
Choose Tickets
This event is for over 18s only - No refunds will be issued for under 18s.
More information about just the tonic saturday night comedy tickets
We bring you four different acts at every show including some of the best up & coming comperes and headliners from the UK & abroad. We open from 6.45pm so you can enjoy some tasty delights from our wonderful menu and have a drink and chat before the show starts. Once the comedy has ended your ticket then gets you into our after show party at the venue, so you get to Wine, Dine, Laugh and Dance all under one roof!


text:
All you need to know about buying and running a successful Bed and Breakfast. This course will give you all the information you need, and the confidence to make your dream a reality.
Courses run at this lovely bed & breakfast in Eastbourne for 2 days, from 10am to 4pm, on weekends in November, December and January. Arrive Friday night and leave either Sunday night or Monday morning.
The price of the course is £200 per person to include all course notes and a light lunch each day. Accommodation is at our normal rates and needs to be booked by phone. We block out all online bookings when a course is running so we can keep the rooms free for attendees.
Take the opportunity to chat to other potential B&B owners and ask us anything you want to know about running a B&B. You can even go into the kitchen to see how it's organised for breakfast. If there are particular topics you want covered we can ensure these are included. i.e. we don't do evening meals, but we know hoteliers who do and would be willing to share their knowledge with you. The local Hotel inspector is a great friend and is sometimes available to impart his wisdom!!
Please call or e-mail either Mark or Karen for further details.


text:
A BlankTV Premiere Presentation:
This Deafening Whisper - "Siren's Strain"
Produced by Dissension Productions Siren's Strain is the first single off The Deafening Whisper's upcoming album 'Duodecim', out December 2012!
Band Bio:
This Deafening Whisper: Everything you need to know about the Parisian band is included in the title. The duality between violence and sensibility, straight forwardness and subtlety, explosive despair and contained hope. Drawing inspiration from the current hardcore, metal and rock scene, This Deafening Whisper forged themselves a unique sound by melding these influences and breathing in a cinematic universe of their own where the music and the lyrics become the main actors, while the orchestral and the subtle electronic synths in the background are painting the atmosphere.
2012 has already been huge for This Deafening Whisper that released its first video and had the chance to share the stage with bands such as Doyle, Chunk, no Captain Chunk, Betraying the Martyrs, The ARRS, Becoming the Archetype or Suicide Silence. But with the oncoming of their first full length album set to the last days of earth in december, several shows and festival booked as well as a new video on the way, we can be sure that The Whisper's name will become Deafening in the metal scene by the dawn of 2013.
>> Pickup a copy of "A Matter of Knife and Depth" from Amazon or iTunes and Big Cartel NOW! Pick up the new album, "Duodecim", when it drops in December 2012! <<
|< Prev
|Next >