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Star Wars: The Changes - Part One
Chris Gould has taken on the mammoth task of looking at the changes to the Star Wars trilogy, from 1977 to 2004, beginning with th...
Alterations to Existing Scenes
The Fox Logo
Here we see the original 20th Century Fox logo, as it appeared at the beginning of Star Wars way back in 1977.
For the 1997 Special Edition release of the film onwards, the new shiny new Fox logo is present ahead of the film.
The Lucasfilm Logo
Here is the old Lucas film log, as it was back in the late 1970s. Not particularly exciting, but it gets the job done with the minimum of fuss.
Here's the Lucasfilm logo as it appears in the Special Editions. He logo now fades up and sparkles, before changing colour. Ooh!
Along Time Ago...
Here is the opening to perhaps the most famous titles sequence of all time, just as it was back in the late 1970s.
Not a lot has changed for the Special Edition release onwards, although the blue is now a bit lighter than before.
The Opening Crawl
Here's the original opening crawl for the film, which was known simply as Star Wars back in 1977.
For the 1981 re-release of the film the subtitle A New Hope was added to the opening crawl, where it remains to this day.
The Escape Pod
Eagle-eyed viewers might have noticed that the lid of R2-D2 and C3-PO's escape pod was blue in the original release of the film, presumably to accommodate a blue-screen effect.
In 1997 nothing changed for the Special Edition of the film. The lid is still blue (the quality of the capture makes it hard to discern, [/h]but no better source was available).
Here we are with the 2004 release of the film. Yep, you guessed it, the lid of the escape pod is still blue.
Well what do we have here? That looks suspiciously like a grey escape pod lid on the Blu-ray release. Yep, it's one of the minor fixes that have been implemented for the high-definition release.
The Canyon
Here we see poor R2-D2 as he wanders down a lonely canyon on the desert planet of Tatooine. Little does the little astromech unit know the rocks are hiding Jawas, who are in search of droids to salvage.
Here we see the same shot, Special Edition style. Notice that the shot starts on a typical Tatooine sunset, before panning down to our little astromech friend in the canyon below.
The shot is much the same for the 2004 DVD release. The only real difference is in the quality of the image, which has been further refined since the Special Edition.
Nothing much has changed for the film's Blu-ray release, as evidenced by this shot.
'Look sir, droids!'
In this footage from the original release of the film, the Stormtroopers have just discovered C-3PO and R2-D2's presence aboard the escape pod. As you can see the background contains a number of static dewbacks, but very little else.
In this footage from the Special Edition release we can see that the scene has been expanded somewhat. The static rubber dewbacks have been replaced with CGI models and more Sormptroopers have been composited into the scene. A shuttle can also be seen leaving the area.
Nothing has changed for the 2004 DVD release of the film, aside from the obvious differences in clarity and colour purity courtesy of the restoration. While this scene does show the Imperial presence to be significantly enhanced, the way in which the CGI Stormtroopers move as they ride the dewbacks is less than convincing. Having said this, I can live with the change.
It's business as usual for the Blu-ray release of the movie, which is the same as the 2004 version.
Amusingly, or annoyingly depending on your point of view, the blue pod lid that was changed to grey earlier in the film on the Blu-ray release is back to blue here. Was anyone in charge of continuity for the HD release?
The Sandcrawler
Here we see the Jawas' Sandcrawler as it approaches the Lars homestead, carrying with it the droids R2-D2 and C-3PO. Even back in 1977 the shot gives you a good sense of scale, but George Lucas thought he could do better and…
…in this case I'm inclined to agree with him! While the original shot was acceptable considering the technology available at the time, the Special Edition version of the Sandcrawler is far more impressive. The new footage really helps to sell the vehicle as a viable habitat for the strange little creatures, while retaining the integrity of the scene.
As you can see nothing has changed for the 2004 DVD release, aside from some the added clarity afforded by the restoration work. Notice how crisp the scene is and how pure the sky over Tatooine looks. Wow, a change I'm in favour of - we're back on track!
Again, not much has changed since 2004 for the Blu-ray release of the film.
The Binary Sunset
Here we have a typical sunset, Tatooine style. This scene appears near the beginning of the film, as Luke Skywalker gazes at the heavens and contemplates his future. Nothing wrong with this you might say, and I'd have to agree with you there.
As part of the restoration work for the Special Edition release, the film was colour corrected. This had a strange effect on some of the scenes, most notably those on Tatooine. As you can see the sky is now a very odd colour and the image is entirely too dark.
For the 2004 DVD release the image has been further enhanced and restored, presenting possibly the best looking version of the sunset to date. It's another 2004 enhancement thumbs up from me.
Another Blu-ray shot that is identical to the 2004 version.
R2 Hides
Here were have a shot of R2-D2 hiding from the Tusken Raiders after Luke Skywalker has been knocked unconscious.
This shot remains the same in the 1997 Special Edition of the feature...
...and in the 2004 version.
Here's the same shot from the Blu-ray release, now with added CGI rocks! If anyone can tell me how R2 was able to squeeze through that tiny gap please don't hesitate to post...
What's worse is that in the next shot, after R2 has come out of hiding, the CGI rocks have mysteriously disappeared! Again, was the continuity person asleep while they were making these changes?
Ben Kenobi's Home
The modest budget of the original Star Wars allowed only for modest locations, as exemplified by this exterior shot of Ben Kenobi's home. Personally I think this shot suffices for the brief period of time it is on screen, but once again Lucas disagrees.
The Special Edition release of the film added an alternate view of Obi-Wan's home; one that offers a grandiose view of the rocky terrain of Tatooine. While this shot stands out like a sore thumb when compared to the original footage, it is one of the SE changes that I can live with.
The 2004 DVD release keeps the new footage, but as you can see everything is a lot clearer thanks to the additional restoration work. I'm still not one hundred per cent sure about the shot, but at least it looks nicer!
Guess what? The Blu-ray looks exactly the same as the 2004 release.
Overlooking Mos Eisley
Here we see Luke and Ben looking at Mos Eisley from a distance before venturing into the dangerous spaceport. As you can see it's little more than a static matte painting with very little detail.
The Special Edition release of the film revamps the spaceport considerably. It's now spread over a larger area and you can just make out traffic flying above the skyline (but only if your eyes are good).
The DVD release keeps the Mos Eisley from the SEs, but as you can see the image is far more detailed than any previous home release format. The colour correction also makes the scene look more consistent with earlier Tatooine footage (the pink tint has gone).
Yawn, yet another Blu-ray shot that's identical to the 2004 release.
The Landspeeder
Here we have perhaps one of the most obvious special effects in the original release of the film. This landspeeder shot has several problems, most notably the rather fake looking way in which it has been composited into the image. You may also notice that C-3PO's arm is almost straight in this shot, which is something made impossible by his design. R2 also looks as if he could fall off of the speeder at any moment!
For the Special Edition release Lucas decided to have his team alter and expand the approach to Mos Eisley. You'll notice that not only has the speeder been radically improved, but the surrounding environment has been given an overhaul as well. Whereas the original release showed only a few outbuildings, this version hints at a much busier spaceport complete with scurrying rodents. Unfortunately the CGI C-3PO still has the 'straight arm' problem and also looks entirely too gold for my liking. You may also notice how pink the image looks here.
The 2004 DVD release goes one step further by completely remodelling both the speeder and the droids. C-3PO's right arm is now noticeably bent (although his left still looks suspiciously straight) and his colour is much improved over the Special Edition. Of course the restoration work also dramatically improves the level of detail in the shot, while the colour correction eradicates that nasty pink tint. Overall I'm in favour of this enhancement.
As you might expect, the shot remains unchanged from 2004 for the film's Blu-ray release.
Mos Eisley Spaceport
Here we have a shot of the landspeeder as it makes its way through the 'bustling' port of Mos Eisley. As you can see, budgetary constraints had a severe effect on the amount of activity that was seen. In this shot you may also notice the strange orange 'force field' below the landspeeder. This is actually Vaseline, which was put on the camera lens to obscure the wheels on the bottom of the speeder!
The Special Edition shot looks livelier, and a CGI beast of burden known as a ronto has been added to the scene. You can also see that the force field has been removed, which looks a lot better than the original shot. Unfortunately the scene still has that strange pink tint to it.
The DVD release has the best of both worlds. Not only do we get the additional creatures and corrected landspeeder, but also a properly colour corrected Mos Eisley. The sky is now blue again, and everything looks more detailed (although still a little blurry).
Yet again the Blu-ray release looks very similar to the 2004 DVD release.
Mos Eisley Cantina
With the limited budget available to him at the time George Lucas had to cut a few corners when creating the aliens that inhabited his world. This is most obvious during the scene in the Mos Eisley cantina, where one of the locals bears a striking resemblance to the Wolfman!
For the Special Edition a new computer-generated character has been inserted into the scene, replacing the old Wolfman mask. This particular alien looks to be some sort of pipe-smoking hippy!
Surprise, surprise, the scene is exactly the same for the 2004 DVD release. As with most other scenes, the only difference is the quality of the image.
You're probably going to get tired reading this, but the Blu-ray is the same as the 2004 version.
Here's the same character again, this time engaged in a discussion with another patron. While I never really paid much attention to this character until someone pointed him out I can see why George Lucas wanted to go back and alter him for the Special Edition.
For the Special Edition yet another new computer-generated alien was created and inserted into the scene with the strange appendage-type creature. Will the wonders of ILM ever cease?
When it comes to this scene on the 2004 DVD it's business as usual. Some of the more observant among you may have spotted a particularly 'devilish' alien in the background. This was yet another improvised mask, but unlike the Wolfman it was left in the film. The species even has a name: Devaronian.
The Blu-ray is the same as the 2004 release.
Now we come to perhaps the most contentious change in the history of the trilogy. In the scene above Han Solo, cornered by the bounty hunter Greedo, has little choice other than to shoot first and ask questions later. This scene established Han as an ice-cool space pirate; as someone who walked a fine line between good and evil (thereby making the evolution of his character all the more interesting).
For the Special Edition release of Star Wars George Lucas did the unthinkable - he made Greedo shoot first! Lamented by fans and filmmakers such as Kevin Smith alike, this is perhaps the single most objectionable change in the entire trilogy. Putting aside the fact that it transforms Han Solo from the aforementioned ice-cold space pirate to a lucky son of a bitch, the effects used to bring the new scene to life are simply atrocious. Greedo's blaster bolt seems to fly off at an angle (even though his gun is pointed directly at Han) and Solo himself jerks his head to one side courtesy of some ropy CGI. The whole thing is absolutely hideous!
Of course it was probably too much to expect Lucas to reverse his decision to turn Han into a bitch, but we lived in hope. Unfortunately the 2004 DVD release shattered any illusions people might have had about Lucas coming to his senses and the dreaded scene appears as in the Special Editions. Well, that's not quite true, as there have been minor alterations. The CGI has been improved so that the whole of Han's upper body now moves, albeit in as unnatural a way as the previous 'head dodge', and the pair now fire almost simultaneously (I say almost, as Greedo still fires a fraction of a second before Solo).
From this still image it might look like the scene has remained unchanged for the Blu-ray release, but this is not the case. Approximately ten frames have been shaved off of the shot immediately before Greedo fires, making it appears as though Han and the bounty hunter shoot at roughly the same time. It's still not great but it's the best version since the original.
The Falcon's Departure
Here we see the Millennium Falcon as it blasts away from docking bay ninety four, watched by several Stormtroopers. Owing to the limitations of technology at the time, the Falcon flies in a diagonal line with little or no deviation.
Here we have the Special Edition equivalent. Notice how the angle of the Falcon has changed? A new CGI ship now twists and turns as it flies away from Mos Eisley, which makes for a more exciting spectacle.
Things are much the same as the SE release on the DVDs, aside from the obvious restoration work. As with the SEs, you may also notice how the shot has been reframed slightly from the original (both the Jawa's body and the Stormtrooper's legs are now missing).
The BD features another very similar shot to the 2004 release, with only some minor differences in image geometry.
The Destruction of Alderaan
In the image above you can see the aftermath of the Death Star's attack on the planet of Alderaan. The battlestation's primary weapon has obliterated the planet, leaving only rocky debris. Although adequate the resulting explosion isn't as impressive as one might expect.
The Special Edition added a couple of new effects to the scene, most notably the huge shockwave that emanates from the centre of the explosion. Putting aside the improbability of such a shockwave, the explosion itself now looks more 'convincing'.
As you can see, not much has changed for the DVD release. The intensity of the image looks to have been bumped up a notch by the colour correction, which makes the explosion and the shockwave look more consistent with one another (although it's a little too orange for my liking).
Slightly better detail and colouring are about the only thing separating the Blu-ray release from the 2004 version.
Luke's Lightsaber
Here we see Luke Skywalker taking his first step into a larger world aboard the Millennium Falcon. You can see how the colour and density of the lightsaber varies slightly between the original theatrical release and the special editions.
Notice how Luke's 'blue' lightsaber is actually closer to white in both of these shots? There is actually considerable variation in the lightsaber while Luke is training on the Falcon, and closer examination reveals a 'greenish' tint to the blade.
For the 2004 DVD releases that 'greenish' tint has unfortunately been replaced by, well, green! Whether the result of the restoration work or a genuine effects gaffe, this should have been caught at the quality control stage.
It seems that the years of moaning paid off, as the saber's colour has been (almost) fixed Blu-ray release of A New Hope. Notice how the blade and in fact the entire image has less of a green push? Lucasfilm made a big deal of pointing this particular scene out to journalists during their press events, but unfortunately they didn't show anyone the scenes immediately preceding or following this particular moment. The reason for that was probably because the saber is still green in those shots! Way to go Lucasfilm! You've only had, what, nine years to fix this?
Here's a shot from the 2004 version of the film that clearly shows the lightsaber's green tint.
Here's the same frame from the Blu-ray release. Still looks green to me...
In this scene from the original release of the film, you can see a clear flash as the blaster bolt hits the Imperial officer. However, if we look at the same scene from the Special Edition we can see that…
…the flash has gone! One of the little-known edits to the film included the trimming of a few frames to remove the flashes when the bolts hit the human officers.
Here's the same scene from the 2004 DVDs. As with the Special Edition, the only evidence of the blaster impact is the smoky residue left behind.
I had hoped that the Blu-ray would restore the blaster impacts, but sadly that's not the case.
More Censorship!
Here we see the original scene in the detention area, as Luke and Han blast everything in sight - including a hapless Imperial! As you can see, the pink impact flash is clearly visible.
Well, now you see it, now you don't! As before, a few frames have been trimmed to remove the impact flash. Notice the different body position of the guard in this shot?
One again, the DVD release follows the Special Edition very closely. The only difference between the two is the quality of the image, which is greatly improved.
Yet more evidence that the Blu-ray is still censored.
No Censorship!
Now things get really weird. Here we have the familiar impact flash as Luke blasts another Imperial officer. Now let's take a look at the censored Special Edition equivalent.
Wait! What's this? That's right - the impact flash is still there! Surely there must be some mistake? This is the 'kiddie friendly' version of Star Wars, where all violence towards humans is removed! I bet they fixed it for the DVD release…
Except they didn't! Of all the changes to the trilogy over the years, this has to rank as one of the strangest and, quite frankly, most ridiculous. Lucas is quite happy to show people having limbs severed or being blown away in the prequels, so why the coyness here? What makes matters worse is that this censorship isn't even consistent throughout one scene. I was really hoping that this PC nonsense would have disappeared by the time the DVD was released, but I guess it was not to be.
The censorship inconsistency is still an issue on the Blu-ray.
The Cell Block
Here we have the scene in which Luke and Han 'rescue' Princess Leia from her cell. You may notice that the perspective of the corridor doesn't look quite right in this shot.
Here's the same scene from the Special Edition. Nothing has changed, and the perspective is still wrong. It's worth noting that the corridor is actually nothing more than a matte painting!
Here's the scene 2004 style. As you can see, the perspective of the matte painting has been corrected, and the corridor now stretches off into the distance in a more convincing manner.
Not a lot has changed from 2004 for the Blu-ray release (again).
The Dianogah
Here we have the eye of the hideous Dianogah, the creature that pulls Luke under the filthy water in the trash compactor. I always thought this was perfectly functional.
Here we have the same creature Special Edition style. Nothing has changed, other than the image quality (which is slightly improved).
Here we have the creature from the 2004 DVD release. It's difficult to tell from the image as everything is so dark, but the eye has been digitally enhanced to make it blink. Again, not a particularly important change, but a change nonetheless.
The Blu-ray Dianogah is the same as the 2004 release.
The Tractor Beam
This is the scene in which Obi-Wan Kenobi deactivates the tractor beam to allow the Millennium Falcon to escape from the Death Star, as seen in the original release.
Here we have the same scene taken from the Special Edition release of the film and as you can see it all looks very similar to the shot above.
Now we come to the scene as it appears in the 2004 DVD release of the film. At first glance it looks very similar to the first two shots, but look again! As you can see, Aurabesh, which is the written form of the 'basic' language spoken in the films, has replaced the English language writing. Personally I don't mind this change, although I feel there were other things more deserving of their attention.
Yes, you guessed it, the Blu-ray shot is mostly the same as the 2004 version.
The Stormtroopers
In this shot from the original release we see Han Solo biting off more than he can chew as he rounds a corner only to be confronted by a group of Imperial Stormtroopers. This is one of those classic Star Wars moments that has stayed with me since childhood and is a good example of how the original films managed to be humorous without resorting to slapstick and fart jokes.
For the Special Edition Lucas had his effects guys add a hanger full of Stormtroopers, all standing around just waiting for the hapless Han Solo to appear. Although I'm not particularly for or against this change I do find it odd that the hanger simply 'appears' at the end of a corridor…
Here's the same scene from the 2004 release. As far as I can tell nothing has changed but you can certainly see the effect of the restoration. The image is far more detailed and both colour and contrast are greatly improved.
It's 2004 business as usual with the Blu-ray release.
Lightsaber Consistency One
In this shot from the original film we can see that the lightsabers are extremely washed out. Obi-Wan's saber fairs better than Vader's, but it's still not particularly impressive.
Here we are again with the Special Edition version. To my mind, this looks even more washed out than before. Vader's saber is now almost completely devoid of colour!
Ah, this is more like it! For the DVD release the lightsabers have been enhanced to look a little more like the sabers we're used to later in the series and in the prequels. Both Obi-Wan and Vader now have vibrant, well-defined blades.
Nothing has changed from 2004 on the Blu-ray.
Lightsaber Consistency Two
These shots show just how much variation there has been in saber consistency over the years. This is from the original release.
This shot from the Special Edition looks more pink than red. Here, the core of the saber is missing completely. I never had Darth Vader down as a pink sort of a guy…
Here's a shot from the new 2004 DVD. As you can see it's got more in common with the Special Edition than the original, but at least the white core is there. To be fair, this is such a brief shot you could blink and miss it.
Again, there's no change from 2004 for the Blu-ray release.
Lightsaber Consistency Three
You can see how washed out the lightsabers look in the original release of the film. It's like two people fighting with white sticks!
Again, the Special Edition looks worse than the original release. Vader's saber is almost completely white in this shot!
Thankfully the DVD release does a decent job of correcting this. Both sabers are coloured, and they both have their white cores.
This is yet another scene in which the Blu-ray mimics the 2004 version.
Obi-Wan's Lightsaber
Here we see Obi-Wan's lightsaber head-on. Well actually, we see the reflective white stick that was used instead of a lightsaber! This was one of the things that always bothered me in the original release.
Here is the Special Edition version of the shot. The stick is slightly brighter, but no bluer than the first image. I always thought that this should have been corrected in 1997.
Here we are in 2004 and the saber has finally been given a makeover. Sure, it's still not perfect, but at least some attempt has been made to make it look like a lightsaber rather than a walking stick!
Yes, another 2004/Blu-ray similarity.
Darth Vader's Lightsaber
Here is yet another look at a dodgy saber effect. As Darth vader walks toward the blast doors we can clearly see that someone forgot to colour in his lightsaber!
This little gaffe went uncorrected for the Special Edition release of the film and Vader's saber is still without colour.
Thankfully the DVD release has fixed the effects blunder and Vader's lightsaber is now a vibrant hue of red (just as it always should have been).
Vader's saber is still coloured red on the Blu-ray.
Missing Laser
In this shot from the 1977 version of the film you can see that a portion of the frame is missing on the right-hand side of the screen. The laser blast that the Millennium Falcon has fired at the TIE is cut in half.
The same error is present in the 1997 Special Edition of the movie.
It is also present in the 2004 version of the film.
Thankfully the Blu-ray corrects this long-standing glitch, so that's another positive correction as far as I'm concerned.
Approaching Yavin
Here we see the Millennium Falcon as it approaches the fourth moon of the gas giant Yavin. In this original scene the Falcon flies directly underneath the planet, slowly revealing the moon.
Here we see the same shot from the Special Edition release of the film. In this version the planet Yavin is off to the left and there is more movement as the Falcon slips past the planet to the fourth moon.
The shot is exactly the same on the 2004 DVD release, albeit with enhanced visual quality courtesy of the restoration work.
Here is the same scene Blu-ray style. It looks almost identical to the 2004 DVD release apart from the added detail.
Here we see a Rebel lookout observing the Millennium Falcon as it comes in for a landing on the fourth moon of Yavin. Or do we? In this shot the Falcon is nowhere to be seen, even though the lookout is focussing intently on some distant object!
This time the lookout actually has something to look at! Those of you with keen eyes might be able to spot a small Millennium Falcon in the above image as it swoops down and comes to rest on a landing platform. It is hard to make out due to the size of the image, but it is there!
Once again the 2004 DVD release is the same, but the Flacon is much easier to make out in this image due to the enhanced visual quality.
Once again this Blu-ray shot is very similar to the 2004 DVD version.
The Launch
The original release of Star Wars depicted the launch of the rebel fleet as a series of bright flashes that ascended rapidly into space. While this did the job at the time, it wasn't particularly visually impressive.
The Special Edition shot is far more elaborate, with X-Wing and Y-Wing fighters now lifting off in front of the camera before blasting off into space. As you can see, the view of Yavin itself has also been altered. This is one of those SE changes that I'm in favour of.
The 2004 DVD release is almost identical to the Special Edition, although as you can see the overall detail and colour balance has been dramatically enhanced. This looks fantastic on a big screen!
The Blu-ray release is much the same as the 2004 version.
The Rebel Starfighters
Here we see the rag-tag group of Rebels flying towards the Death Star. This was an impressive shot for its time and it still holds up well today.
The Special Edition radically enhanced the approach to the Death Star. As well as improving the ships by using CGI models the number of vessels was increased and we actually get to look inside of the cockpits at the pilots as they fly by.
Again, there's nothing different about this shot aside from the dramatically improved visuals. Contrast, colour balance and detail are all significantly better than the SE version of the shot.
The X-Wings look all-but identical to the 2004 versions on the Blu-ray.
The Battle of Yavin
In this scene from the 1977 version of the film you can see three Rebel X-Wing fighters as they swoop down towards the surface of the Death Star.
Here's the shot as it appears in the Special Edition. The X-Wings are now computer-generated and a great deal more manoeuvrable than before! They twist and turn as they head towards the Death Star's equatorial trench.
Here's the same scene from the 2004 DVD release of the film. As you can see, nothing has been altered, but the footage is obviously a great deal cleaner than any previous effort.
Here is the same scene Blu-ray style.
In yet another altered scene Biggs is trying to evade the Imperial Tie Fighter that is closely following him. The original shot - as seen here - was quite effective, but ILM could do better!
Although not apparent from this static image this new scene features a rear-angle view of the TIE Fighter tracking Biggs' X-Wing. This is immediately followed by another new shot of Luke flying to the rescue. All-in-all this is quite a nice addition.
Here's the same scene from the 2004 DVD release. Nothing has changed bar the visual quality of the shot. This is just one of many enhancements made to the Battle of Yavin, all of which look better in motion.
This is yet another Blu-ray shot that is identical to the 2004 version.
In this shot we see Wedge Antilles coming to Luke Skywalker's rescue by eliminating a pesky TIE Fighter. Immediately after this shot an explosion can be seen, followed by a reverse angle of Wedge's X-Wing streaking away.
In this shot the explosion is still visible, but now Wedge's X-Wing flies directly through the fireball before flying away. It's quite hard to make out from this shot, but you can just see the nose of his fighter emerging from the conflagration.
Here's the scene again, 2004 DVD style. Wedge's X-Wing is much easier to make out in this shot, but as you can see the contrast is slightly off resulting in a less colourful fireball and X-Wing. This is yet another example of the image problems that detract from the overall quality of the transfer.
The Blu-ray release retains the odd contrast issues from the 2004 version.
The 'Humdinger' Glitch
Here is a shot of Darth Vader leading a couple of TIE Fighters on an attack run over the Death Star in the 1977 version of the film. You can see the garbage mattes surrounding the ships quite clearly.
There's the same shot in the Special Edition of the film. Not much has changed and the garbage mattes are even more visible.
Here's the same shot from 2004 and the garbage mattes look to be much improved. Wait, what's that at the bottom of the frame? It's a technical error that has come to be known as the 'humdinger' glitch/frame. It's present on the digital master used for all 2004 versions of the film, so you'll find it on the DVD and the various HDTV broadcasts.
Thankfully this glitch has been fixed for the Blu-ray release. Yay, another positive!
The Destruction of the Death Star
Here we see the destruction of the Death Star as seen in the original release. To be honest I never really gave this much thought as a child, but when I look at the shot now I do have to admit it's a bit weak considering a space station the size of a small moon has just exploded.
The Special Edition introduced the 'Praxis' effect shockwave, as seen earlier with the destruction of Alderaan. While this does give the explosion some much needed visual impact I'm not particularly fond of the effect (which was stolen from Star Trek to begin with).
The 2004 DVD release is very similar to the SE shot, but as you can see the colour of both the explosion and the shockwave has changed. I'm assuming that this was an intentional shift, rather than an error as in the case of Luke's lightsaber. The change in colour makes sense if you make the distinction between the organic world of Alderaan and the cold, metallic Death Star, but this theory is somewhat ruined when you see the explosion of the Death Star II in Return of the Jedi (more of that in another article).
Here is the same shot from the Blu-ray release. As you can see it's very similar to the 2004 version, with one very noticeable exception: the odd blue tint surrounding the explosion has been removed. Wow, a positive fix!
New Scenes
Expanded Mos Eisley
Here's one of the extended shots added for the Special Edition DVD release (and unaltered for the DVD/BD releases). As you can see, Mos Eisley is now a bustling spaceport, complete with ships and droids. Unfortunately, Lucas decided to introduce some Jar Jar style 'comedy' into the scenes…
Here we see an even wider shot of Mos Eisley, which really helps to set the scale of the spaceport. The more observant among you may have noticed Luke's speeder, not to mention Dash Rendar's Outrider ship (which features in the Shadows of the Empire video game and novel).
The expanded spaceport scenes continue with yet another angle, featuring new buildings, a speeder bike and a ronto being ridden by a group of Jawas. Watch the 'hilarious' consequences as the ronto is startled by the speeder bike…
Here we see the final approach to the Mos Eisley cantina. As you can see, there are many more people going about their business, while giant rontos, dewbacks, buildings and derelict spacecraft litter the surrounding area. On the whole these shots aren't too bad. The CGI does look a little too obvious at times and I could have done without the slapstick humour, but they do lend the spaceport a sense of scale that was lacking before. Then again, this is a barren, desert planet…
Jabba the Hutt's Introduction
Ah, it goes from bad to worse! For the Special Edition release of Star Wars, Lucas felt the need to restore a scene in which Han Solo encounters Jabba the Hutt after his meeting with Greedo. The scene was originally filmed with a human actor, who Lucas intended to replace with a stop-motion creature. However, due to budgetary and/or time constraints, this never happened, and we were first introduced to Jabba via the fantastic puppet in Return of the Jedi. The very presence of this scene is unnecessary as we learn nothing more than we already know from the Han/Greedo confrontation. It also spoils Jabba's appearance in Return of the Jedi, not to mention the Millennium Falcon's big reveal.
Here we have the same scene from the 2004 DVD release. I think it's fairly safe to say that the CGI Jabba has been significantly improved since 1997, but there are still big problems (see below).
Jabba the Hutt and Han Solo
When the scene was restored for the Special Edition, Lucas had a team of animators create a CGI Jabba (some would argue that this was done to test the viability of an all-CGI character for The Phantom Menace) to cover up the human actor. I feel the result speaks for itself. The manner in which Han and Jabba interact is completely unrealistic, and includes several instances where Han's body occupies space that should belong to Jabba. Add to this that fact that the CGI model looks nothing like the puppet it is supposed to represent, and you have what is probably the worst moment in the entire trilogy.
Here is the 2004 version of the scene. Firstly, as you can see, Jabba looks nothing like either the Return of the Jedi puppet, or the CGI creature from The Phantom Menace. His colouration is way off (he was never that dark), and his eyes are yellow instead of orange. It's almost as if no one bothered to check for consistency. What isn't apparent from this picture is just how 'plastic' the CGI model looks, which doesn't help it blend in with the surrounding live elements.
Jabba the Hutt's Tail
Now we know that the CGI Jabba bears no resemblance to the puppet, looking instead like some hideous reject from a PlayStation 2 cut-scene, but bigger problems were yet to come. At one point in their conversation, Han Solo walked around the human actor, something that would be impossible with the puppet/CGI Jabba (because of his tail). Never fear - the ILM animation department is here! To get around this tricky moment the animators simply had Han step on the crime-lord's tail in a 'hilarious' moment of 'comedy' genius!
Here's the same scene from the DVD release. I have to admit that it looks a lot better, but the scene should still be lying on the cutting room floor where it belongs (if Jabba puts a price on Solo's head for dumping a spice shipment, imagine what he'd do to him for standing on his tail). I had hoped that this scene would be removed for the Blu-ray release, but it remains and looks identical to the 2004 version. They could at least have upgraded the CGI Jabba. Better yet they could have made Jabba appear as a hologram, thereby removing the need for Solo to step on his tail at all...
The Falcon Takes Off
Here's a new shot added for the Special Edition and included in the 2004 DVD release. Immediately before taking off, a group of Stormtroopers blast the Falcon as it attempts to depart.
As you can see from this image, the Stormtroopers continue to fire on the ship even after it is airborne. Obviously this is a new CGI model of the Millennium Falcon, but on the whole I think they did a very good job with this brief addition (which is also present on the BD).
Biggs Darklighter
The Special Edition restored a scene featuring Luke's old friend, Biggs Darklighter (Red Three). Biggs was previously mentioned early on in the film at the Lars homestead, but in the original release he appeared in the final battle without so much as an introduction. This scene allows Luke to briefly catch up with his old friend before they depart Yavin 4 to attack the Death Star. Those of you who have seen the deleted Tatooine footage on the Internet - in which Biggs tells Luke he's going to join the Rebellion - will get more out of this scene than most.
Audio Changes
When it comes to differences in the audio things start to get even more complicated. There were a number of different mixes created for the theatrical release of Star Wars, which has led to some confusion over the years. What's more, the latest DVD releases have combined elements from a lot of the previous releases, creating yet more subtle differences. Here are some of the more obvious audio changes you'll find throughout the film.
'Tell your uncle...'
In most versions of the film when the Jawas arrive at the Lars homestead Aunt Beru tells Luke to remind uncle to get a translator that speaks bocce. For the Blu-ray release the line has been subtly changed to 'remind your uncle, as heard here.
'We've stopped!'
When R2 and 3PO are on their way to the Lars homestead aboard the Jawa Sandcrawler, the original release sounded like this. However, 3PO always appeared to say something else immediately before this, so it made perfect sense to alter the dialogue for the 2004 DVD release. You can listen to the new line of dialogue by clicking here. The Blu-ray release retains the line.
Old Ben's Call
When he first appears, Ben Kenobi supposedly imitates the fearsome krayt dragon to scare the Tusken Raiders away. However, this call always sounded suspiciously like that of a dewback (the creatures ridden by the Stormtroopers). You can hear the original call here. For the 2004 DVD release the call has been replaced with this new sound. For the Blu-ray release of the film the call has been altered again to this. I'll let you be the judge of which is better…
'There's no one here.'
When checking the Millennium Falcon for signs of life, the Stormtroopers pause for a moment before departing the ship. In the original release there is no dialogue during this scene, as evidenced by this clip. In the new DVD release a line of dialogue has been added, confirming that the Stormtroopers have found nothing during their brief visual sweep. You can hear the new dialogue by clicking here. The Blu-ray release retains the line.
'TK-421, why aren't you at your post?'
When Luke and Han have 'liberated' the Stormtrooper uniforms, an officer queries the whereabouts of the troops. You can hear original dialogue by clicking here. For the 2004 DVD release, the sound of Luke tapping his helmet has been added to the scene, thereby clarifying the officer's line about a 'bad transmitter'. You can hear the new effect by clicking here, but it is very hard to make out. The Blu-ray release retains the new effect.
The Tractor Beam
Some home video releases of the film omitted a line that was apparently present in the theatrical version (or so I'm told). When C-3PO tells our heroes that R2 has found the main controls to the tractor beam, certain versions of the film sounded like this. However, other releases - including the Special Edition and DVD - contain another line, which can be heard here. The Blu-ray release retains the line.
When the Stormtroopers enter the control room where the droids C-3PO and R2-D2 are hiding, one of them accidentally hits his head on the blast door. This has been a favourite blooper for many years, appearing in magazines and trivia quizzes alike. Since Lucas decided to acknowledge this blooper in Attack of the Clones, it was probably inevitable that he would revisit the original film to add a little 'oomph' to the original effect. Click here for the scene as it originally sounded, and here for the updated 2004 DVD version. The Blu-ray release retains the effect.
'I think we took a wrong turn!'
While running from Stormtroopers aboard the Death Star, Luke and Leia take a very dangerous wrong turn—right into an impassable chasm! In the original release an echo effect was added to their voices in order to lend the Death Star a sense of scale, but as most of you will know this wasn't the most convincing of effects. You can find the original dialogue here. For the 2004 DVD releases, this artificial effect has been replaced with one that is much closer to a how a true echo sounds. You can hear the new echo by clicking this link, and I believe this change is actually an improvement over the original. The Blu-ray release retains the effect.
'They're coming through!'
Immediately after blasting the door lock, thereby rendering the bridge inoperable, there's are more lines of dialogue that illustrate the differences between the old and new echo effects. Click here for the old echo, and here for the new. As with the previous alteration, I believe this to be an improvement over the old effect. Once again the Blu-ray release retains the effect.
The .44 Magnum Blaster
Another audio change that might have gone unnoticed by all but the most ardent fans was that of the sound of Princess Leia's blaster. As she covers Luke while he attempts to use his grappling hook to bring them to safety, Leia's blaster makes the distinctive 'bang' normally associated with handguns. The Special Edition used a different mix to the original release, and sounded like this. On the 2004 DVD the mix sounds as it did for the original release of the film, as you can hear by clicking on this link. As expected the Blu-ray sounds like the 2004 version.
'Close the blast doors!'
While fleeing from a group of Stormtroopers, Han Solo and Chewbacca escape through a set of blast doors leaving the pursuing Imperials attempting to open the doors in frustration. This sequence actually omits a line of dialogue that was present in the original theatrical release. You can hear the pursuit by clicking on this link. For the special edition and 2004 DVD releases the missing line of dialogue has been reinstated, and actually makes the whole scene more amusing (it was the Stormtroopers' fault that Han and Chewie escaped). Just click here to listen to the scene with the dialogue reinstated. The Blu-ray release retains the line.
'He's on your tail!'
The Special Edition release of the film includes a line of dialogue that does not appear in either the original film or the 2004 DVDs. Just after Red Leader makes his unsuccessful run through the Death Star's polar trench, he is pursued, and ultimately destroyed by Darth Vader's TIE Fighter. You can hear the line by clicking on this link. If you'd like to hear the scene without dialogue, click here. The line is not present in the Blu-ray version.
The Force Fanfare
Here we come to one of the more contentious issues surrounding the DVD release of A New Hope. During the Rebel attack on the Death Star, just as the X-Wings swoop down to attack the trench, a triumphant statement of the Force theme can be heard. You can listen to this by clicking here. The DVD release of the film buries this music so far down in the mix that it is virtually inaudible, as demonstrated by this clip. This exemplifies the problems with the audio on this DVD release of A New Hope. However, Lucasfilm issued the following statement to reassure everyone that there was nothing wrong:
"We are always impressed with how closely fans listen to the many different sound mixes we have made for the Star Wars movies over the years. It is flattering to know that, indeed, the audience is listening. Consequently, each mix comes out differently and any changes that you hear on the all-new Dolby Digital 5.1 Surround EX tracks on the Star Wars Trilogy DVD set are deliberate creative decisions. We can confirm that there are no technical glitches as has been reported."
Well, thank goodness for that then. There's obviously nothing wrong with the release, and the reported inconsistent dialogue levels, reversed stereo score and missing music are all 'deliberate creative decisions'. Phew! However, it was nice of Lucusfilm to make the creative decision to give French speaking people the chance to view the DVD with the Force theme intact, as evidenced by this clip. So, it's a deliberate creative decision? Yeah right—mind tricks only work on the weak-minded!
To further reinforce how the above was bull the Blu-ray release of the film has restored the Force Fanfare to its former glory. Not all of the audio errors have been fixed mind you, but that's a story for another time...
It should be apparent to everyone that there have been a lot of changes to the trilogy over the years, some good, others bad. While this list should in no way be taken as the definitive comparison of the different versions I hope it will serve as a good starting point for those curious about the changes. This comparison will never be truly 'finished' as long as Lucas continues to make alterations to the movies, but hopefully I've covered the majority of serious changes for the time being. If you think I've missed anything that warrants inclusion in this comparison please post a comment below and I'll consider adding it. That's all for this comparison, but stay tuned for the next article in which I tackle the changes to the second instalment in the trilogy, The Empire Strikes Back.
You can read the second, third and fourth instalments of the guide by clicking here, here and here.
Editorial by Chris Gould
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text: Last year, the Turkish Coalition of America (TCA) and freshman student Sinan Cingilli sued the President of the University of Minnesota, the Director of its Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies (CHGS), and the University itself for constitutional violations in the process of dishonoring its own statement of academic freedom. The Board of Regents for the University declared on December 8, 2006: "Academic freedom is essential to achieving the University's mission. Community members are expected to: promote academic freedom, including the freedom to discuss all relevant matters in the classroom, to explore all avenues of scholarship, research and creative expression and to speak and write as a public citizen without institutional discipline or restraint; and…defend intellectual honesty and freedom of inquiry and instruction [and] to respect those with differing views…" [read]

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06 December 2005 11:15
OSCommerce CRE Loaded 6 Store
Webmasters! Where to promote your web site. Consulting, Programing, Web Design and Maintenance, Hardware Sales, Computers, Memory, Ad Layout, Logo Design, Novelty Items, and more ... WebMasters and Wannabies alike, find the resources you need to develop y
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9:00 pm
America's Test Kitchen from Cook's Illustrated "Pork Chops and Lentil Salad" Test cook Julia Collin Davison uncovers the secrets to perfect Red Wine-Braised Pork Chops. Next, host Christopher Kimball reveals the test kitchen's best tips for storing, chopping and handling fresh herbs. Then, science expert Guy Crosby explains the science of braising. D
9:30 pm
Great American Seafood Cook-Off Fires blazed and seafood sizzled as New Orleans hosted the fifth annual Great American Seafood Cook-Off in August 2008. During the two-day competition, 15 chefs from 14 different states prepared their best dishes using the seafood indigenous to their state. Famed New Orleans chef John Besh, the winner of the 2004 competition and the 2006 James Beard Foundation's Best Chef of the Southeast, hosted the event. D
10:00 pm
Kimchi Chronicles "The Jeju Chronicles" Jean-Georges teams up with the "Julia Child" of Jeju Island, the Hawaii of Korea and a veritable paradise. They shop for ingredients at the sprawling 5-Day Market and return to an authentic folk village where they cook over open fires. Later, Jean-Georges and Marja spend an afternoon in the green rolling hills of the Amore Pacific Tea Gardens with their daughter Chloe. D
10:30 pm
Rick Steves' Europe "Munich and the Foothills of the Alps" Rick visits boisterous markets and Baroque palaces, and watches office workers surf in the Isar River. In the foothills of the Alps, Rick visits Oberammergau and tours the fairy-tale castles of "mad" King Ludwig.G
11:00 pm
Great Conversations "George Soros and John. D. Podesta" George Soros (financial authority and author of The Age of Fallibility) and John. D. Podesta (Center for American Progress). D


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Wheaton, Ill. – The Wheaton College football team improved to 7-0 on the season and 4-0 in CCIW play following a come-from-behind 31-24 victory against Carthage (4-3/1-3 CCIW) on Saturday night. Wheaton is ranked 17th in the D3football.com top-25 poll. Tonight's game was delayed 27 minutes in the third by lightning.
Wheaton trailed 24-7 at halftime; however, the hosts were able to score 24 un-answered points in the second half. The Wheaton defense also held Carthage to just 45 yards of offense in the second half. Wheaton recorded 482 yards of offense in the game on 87 plays, averaging 5.5 yards per play. The Thunder threw for 277 yards and ran for 205 yards. Carthage had 329 yards of offense, with 309 passing yards and 20 rushing yards. After averaging 8.6 yards per play in the first half, the Red Men averaged just 1.4 yards per play following halftime.
Carthage booted a 22-yard field goal with 11:12 remaining in the first quarter to give the guests a 3-0 lead. Wheaton took a 7-3 lead with 6:30 remaining in the first quarter when sophomore quarterback Jordan Roberts threw an 11-yard touchdown pass to Justin Zeller. Zeller's touchdown capped a 10-play drive of 70 yards. Carthage regained the lead with a 10-7 advantage on a seven-yard touchdown catch by Mike Koeneman with 56-seconds left in the first quarter. Red Men receiver Matt Popp caught a pair of touchdown passes in the second quarter to extend Carthage's lead to 24-7 at halftime.
Following Carthage's first drive of the third quarter, Wheaton senior Tyler Langs collected a punt return at the Carthage 47-yard line and returned it 17 yards to the Red Men 30-yard line and giving Wheaton out-standing field position. On the third play of the ensuing drive, Roberts connected with tight end Austin Zoerhof on a 26-yard touchdown toss to cut Carthage's lead to 24-13 with 12:00 remaining in the third quarter. The Wheaton defense forced Carthage to punt after three plays on the next drive. After starting at its own 34-yard line Wheaton marched the ball to the Carthage 18-yard line, when lightning in the area forced a 27-minute delay. Three plays after the resumption of the game, Roberts connected with Zoerhof on a 12-yard touchdown pass to cap a 10-play drive of 66 yards to cut Carthage's lead to 24-19. With 54-seconds remaining in the third quarter, Wheaton junior Jordan Langs intercepted a Carthage pass at the Thunder 42-yard line and returned 52 yards for a touchdown to give Wheaton its first lead of the second half with a 25-24 advantage.
Roberts scored on a two-yard touchdown run to extend Wheaton's lead to 31-24 with 11:50 remaining in the fourth quarter. The Wheaton defense held Carthage to just 19-yards of offense in the final 12 minutes of the game to prevent a Carthage rally and secure the victory for the hosts.
Robert completed 20 of his 35 passing attempts for 277 yards and three touchdowns through the air. He also ran for 110 yards, with one touchdown run. Freddy Ellis caught four passes for 102 yards, with a 72 yard reception. Rocky Gingg carried the ball 15 times for 50 yards.
Thunder linebacker Jordan Chapman made nine total tackles and defensive back Bryan McBroom added eight stops. Jordan Langs made seven tackles and had the critical 58-yard interception return. JD East recorded seven tackles, including three sacks (-30 yards) and four tackles for loss (-34yards).
Carthage quarterback Evan Jones was 26-40 passing, with 269 yards and two touchdown tosses. Chris Schulz caught seven passes for 84 yards and Koeneman caught seven passes for one touchdown. Josh Brennan and Brad Fortney led the Carthage defense with 13 total tackles apiece.
The Thunder will return to action next Saturday with a 1 PM kickoff at Augustana. Carthage will host North Park next Saturday.


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Find the perfect hotel in Morrisville using our hotel guide provided below. Find cheap and discounted hotel/motel rates in or nearby Morrisville, PA for your corporate or personal leisure travel. We show the best Morrisville Pennsylvania hotel/motel rooms. Review the Morrisville hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. We also have a map of the Morrisville hotels. Coordinating a group? Get Morrisville Group Hotel Discounts
The Morrisville center point is around 3 miles northeast of Sesame Place and 3 miles west of Waterfront Park.
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Masterpiece Collection
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If it is not made by us, it is designed by us and built to our standards. This is the Masterpiece assurance. Our designers and engineers work with manufacturers the world that we have determined to be the best to fulfill our design and quality demands. Whether it is carved wood products from South America, refined metal designs from India, or teak forms from the Far East we search the globe for the the best answers.


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Wine & Spirits Club Wine Shop
Type | Website Design
Description |
Description |
After the launch of the main Wine & Spirits Club website the Lowrey Group contracted us to create a custom ecommerce solution so they could better serve their club members. The entire system was completely custom to the client's specifications and so it would properly integrate with the existing site as well as PayPal Payflow Pro payment gateway. Features of the ecommerce includes image enlargements matching the W&S Club's photo gallery, order history, inventory search, and quantity discounts. The client is able to manage: categories; products; users; and orders.


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Happy 2013! I hope everyone had a great New Year's. We had a ton of fun at Busch Gardens here in Tampa and watched some great fireworks. It was exhausting, but fabulous at the same time. hehe
Connie's newest grab bag has hit all of her stores! 6 full products for an amazing steal at $5!
There are also some great Extra AddOn Packs available:
Also, during the month of January, Connie is providing the FREE Daily Download kit at Gingerscraps! Stop by each day to pick up the pieces!
Today's freebie is a fun paper pack made to coordinate with January's Grab Bag. Simply click the image to download.
Thank you all and happy scrapping!


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License - Hunting and Fishing
The Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation receives no
general state tax revenues and is proud to be funded entirely by
sportsmen. We take our responsibility seriously to conserve the
state's wildlife for future generations and provide you with the
best recreational opportunities possible.
Every time you purchase a hunting or fishing license in Oklahoma, you are helping fund wildlife conservation in our state. The majority of the Department's money is obtained through the sale of licenses. These monies go toward managing the fish and game species across the state. When you provide habitat for one species, all species in the area benefit--from largemouth bass to turtles, from white-tailed deer to song birds--all species are helped. Buying licenses has helped bring back the wild turkey to populations rivaling those found here around the turn of the 20th century. It has helped bring fish species to our state that our fathers could only dream of: striped bass, saugeye, trout and hybrid stripers (a cross between white bass and striped bass).
There are three ways to purchase a license:
1. Online! There is a $3.00 convenience fee to use the
online application. you simply apply and print your license. You
will not have to wait for your license in the mail.
Click here to purchase your hunting or fishing license.
2. License Dealer - There are over 700 license dealers spread across the state-- from sporting goods stores to bait shops, from convenience stores to large discount centers.
3. Non-residents may also order licenses directly from the Wildlife
Department by calling (405) 521-3852. Monday-Friday, 8:00 a.m.
till 4:30p.m. (Visa or MasterCard only. Allow for mailing time
to receive your license).
Consult the official Oklahoma hunting and fishing regulations for license requirements and exemptions.


text:
Contact: email@example.com
Phone: 269-471-3348
As Clifford Jones, associate dean of the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary on the campus of Andrews University, introduced the speaker for the 2009 H.M.S. Richards Lectureship on Biblical Preaching to the waiting audience in the Seminary Chapel, he described him as a "ram in the thicket."
When the original speaker couldn't make it because of an emergency, Larry Lichtenwalter, pastor of the Village Seventh-day Adventist Church in Berrien Springs, agreed to present the three-lecture series on Sunday and Monday, October 11–12, after being asked to do so just the previous Friday.
Originally scheduled to speak was John Nixon, senior pastor of the Collegedale Seventh-day Adventist Church on the campus of Southern Adventist University in Tennessee.
"Starting out, I told them that I understood very well that they went to bed Saturday night thinking they were going to see Rachael in the morning and instead found Leah," said Lichtenwalter. "It's always a challenge to come in and not be what people expected but I believe that the topic itself has enough to carry the energy because it's God's Word. "
Lichtenwalter, who has immersed himself in study of the book of Revelation for the past six years, drew heavily on the book in his messages as a source of structural, moral and spiritual examples for preaching. He reiterated throughout the series that, just like Revelation, preaching itself is God's last word to a hurting world and God's call to be like Him in the world.
Sunday's presentation focused on strategies for developing the moral and spiritual themes of Revelation to get the larger picture. Lichtenwalter recommended that the same process he outlined could be used with any book of the Bible. He began his first discussion with the question, "Where do you keep your copy of the book of Revelation?" suggesting Scripture means much more to the reader when it is memorized.
Lichtenwalter's second message revealed the specific themes and messages of Revelation. He spoke about the character pattern that Jesus set and the pattern His people in the book of Revelation follow in self-sacrificial surrender and the suffering that is experienced when being like God in the world.
The final service on Monday morning included song and scripture, as well as Lichtenwalter's last message. "The purpose of my last message was to show from just one message in a practical way how much Jesus is connected with our world and how He knows our life and our needs and He cares for us," he said.
The H.M.S. Richards Lectureship is named after the pioneering Seventh-day Adventist preacher and founder of the broadcast ministry, The Voice of Prophecy. Richards gave the first lectures himself in 1957. The annual series is sponsored by the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary at Andrews University in Berrien Springs, Mich., and seeks to advance the theory and practice of Bible-based preaching.
"I grew up listening to preachers that I can still remember to this day," said Lichtenwalter. "C.D. Brooks, Charles Bradford, H.M.S. Richards—this [lectureship] offers an opportunity for a preacher to relate how he or she does things and for all of us to be stimulated to preach better."


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Reed White Holdings LLC has filed a $495,000 permit with the city-county Office of Construction Code Enforcement for new construction at 9055 Forest Centre Drive. The permit was applied for this month.
The permit follows a $737,000 construction loan the company made in October for a new single-story, 3,800-square-foot office building in the Forest Hill-Irene Subdivision, on the west side of Forest Hill-Irene Road between Poplar Avenue and Poplar Pike. The lender was the Bank of Fayette County.
Half of the new building is to sit on the 1.2-acre lot that fronts Forest Centre Drive, according to an earlier article in The Daily News.
McGehee Nicholson Burke Architects is the architect for the project. A message left with a representative there was not returned by press time. Reed White Holdings is serving as the contractor for the project.
Reed White Holdings LLC is a partnership between Bob Reed and Brian White. The duo has built a series of office buildings on various lots in the Forest Hill-Irene Commercial Subdivision, including one at 9045 Forest Centre Drive. In October, White told The Daily News construction on the buildings would begin in early 2009 with a seven- to nine-month timeline (weather-dependant).
For the earlier article on this project, see the Nov. 11 issue at www.memphisdailynews.com.
Source: The Daily News Online & Chandler Reports
The Board of Regents will consider tuition increases between 6 percent and 9 percent for full-time university students in Tennessee, including those at the University of Memphis.
The Business and Finance Committee voted unanimously Thursday to recommend to the full board tuition increases that will result in an average 6 percent revenue increase for the five TBR colleges and an average 7 percent revenue increase at the University of Memphis.
The entire board will consider the tuition increase proposals today.
Under the proposed recommendation, the amount of tuition increase will depend upon the number of credit hours a students is taking, a change from previous years.
Part-time students taking 11 credit hours or fewer will see in-state tuition increases between 1.06 percent and 5.24 percent, depending on the school.
The University of Memphis has been awarded a $1.5 million Robert Noyce Teaching Fellowship grant from the National Science Foundation.
The grant will be used to recruit, train and support secondary education math and science teachers for Memphis City Schools. Twenty fellows with bachelor's degrees in math or science will have their tuition paid to complete a 30-hour master of arts in teaching degree. Memphis City Schools will fund a part-time residency program to provide mentoring and classroom experience.
Fellows also will receive a salary supplement of $10,000 for each of the first four years of their full-time teaching assignment.
The award was funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. The Volkswagen Group of America provided matching funds for the grant through a gift to the University of Memphis. The U of M and Memphis City Schools also provided additional matching funds for the six-year project.
The House has passed a bill to expand eligibility for charter schools in Tennessee.
The chamber voted 79-15 to approve the bill sponsored by Republican Rep. Beth Harwell of Nashville. Fourteen Democrats and one Republican voted against the bill.
The bill was revived after Democrats changed their minds on a previous decision to shut down the House Education Committee before taking a vote on the bill.
The Senate would have to agree to changes made in the House before it could head for the governor's desk. Gov. Phil Bredesen has said he expects to sign a previous version of the charter schools measure into law.
U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan warned that Tennessee could have lost out on more than $100 million on federal stimulus money if changes weren't adopted.
The Tennessee Legislature has voted to do away with the standalone Ethics Commission that lawmakers created in 2005 in response to an FBI sting that netted four sitting lawmakers and an ex-senator accused of selling their votes.
Legislation sent to Gov. Phil Bredesen's desk late Wednesday night would merge the Ethics Commission with the state Registry of Election Finance in a move sponsors say will streamline government and save about $300,000 – a relatively small sum in a $29.6 billion budget but an argument that resounded in a year of spending cuts and slumping revenues.
The Republican-sponsored legislation marks a turning point from events of 2005. That year public uproar over the sting – dubbed Operation Tennessee Waltz by the FBI – prompted the governor to call a special session of the Legislature that created the state's first independent Ethics Commission as the centerpiece of ambitious reforms.
But lawmakers and lobbyists almost immediately began to chafe under the rules of the Ethics Commission, with a common refrain being that bribery was already an offense before the Tennessee Waltz arrests.
Supporters of the bill sent to Bredesen's desk say the merger of the Ethics Commission and the Registry of Election Finance won't impair the original commission mandate to enforce existing ethics laws – even though it proposes a smaller budget and fewer staffers for their work.
Critics charged the bill is a move to throttle ethics oversight.
The merger was ultimately approved 81-12 in the House and 22-11 in the Senate.
The total number of people on the unemployment insurance rolls dropped for the first time since early January, the government reported Thursday, while new claims for benefits rose slightly.
The report shows that job losses are easing after companies made deep cuts earlier this year. But nearly half of recipients at the end of last month had exhausted the 26 weeks of benefits provided under the regular state program without finding work, according to U.S. Labor Department data. That's a record and compared with about 36 percent in December 2007, when the recession began.
"It is unlikely that new hiring has picked up in any meaningful fashion," Joshua Shapiro, chief economist with MFR Inc., a consulting firm, wrote in a note to clients.
The department said the total unemployment insurance rolls fell by 148,000 to 6.69 million in the week ending June 6, the largest drop in more than seven years.
The drop also breaks a string of 21 straight increases in continuing claims, the last 19 of which were records. A dip in continuing claims several weeks ago was later revised higher. Initial claims rose by 3,000 to a seasonally adjusted 608,000 in the week ending June 13, above analysts' expectations. The four-week average, which smooths fluctuations, fell by 7,000 to 615,750. Continuing claims data lags initial claims by one week.
The four-week average is at its lowest level since mid-February, further evidence that the pace of job cuts is slowing.
A child is the sixth person in Shelby County to become sick with the H1N1 virus, the Memphis and Shelby County Health Department reported Thursday.
The department is continuing surveillance to track flu activity in the area. People can protect themselves from the virus with frequent hand washing. Anyone with flu-like symptoms should stay home.
Copyright 1995 -
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Friday, February 03, 2012 - Honza and Danek - FULL CONTACT
Two of the cutest guys imaginable come together for a duo. Honza Forst and Danek Rovny are both great looking guys. Danek is asleep on the sofa, naked and barely covered by the duvet. Honza creeps into the room and tries to remove the duvet, but as he does so Danek stirs and almost awakes. Honza tries again and still doesn't succeed as Honza moves again. Finall Honza is able to pull the duvet down and off Danke, revealing his full nakedness. Honza then creeps around to the back of the sofa and starts to caress the sleeping Honza, and finally taking hold of his cock and beginning to wank it. Honza doesn't wake up as he is played with so Honza feels bolder and rubs Honza's foot against his jeans, and then pulls his own cock out and rubs it against Honza's foot. Honza then moves Danek's leg and goes down and sucks on his hard cock. The feeling of mouth on his cock is enough to wake Danek, who reaches down to caress Honza, encouraging him to suck more. Honza then stands and removes his jeans, as Danek sits up, his throbbing cock sticking right up. Honza's dick is rock hard too as he gets naked. He steps astride Danek, presenting that big dick right in front of his face. Danek responds by licking at Honza's balls and then sucking the cock into his mouth. He sucks and Honza's cock and licks his balls, all the time wanking his own erect dick. Honza loves the feeling as his cock is in Danek's mouth and starts to fuck his face. he then moves down to Honza's ass, which is presented for his delectation. He spits on the hole and then licks and fingers it in turns. His finger goes deep into Honza's ass and we just know that something else will soon be in there. Sure enough, Honza's big fat cock is soon slipped into that eager ass, with Danek moaning as he feels his hole stretched. Honza fucks him nice and deep, with long thrusts before changing position so that Danek can sit on the dick and ride it. His own cock is rock hard as he rides Honza's throbbing member. Honza then starts to fuck the ass, real fast with Danek maintaining a huge stiffy as he is fucked. He moans as his ass is deep-dicked and the guys move again, with Danek on his back, legs in the air so that Honza can fuck him even harder. Honza wants to cum and lays down with Danek's head positioned to catch the cum. Honza blows is load which shoots over Danek's mouth, who sucks the cock into his mouth to drain it. The guys then kiss and Honza is keen to reciprocate and duly takes Danek's cum over his lips and sucks the sticky dick into his mouth too. Danek pulls Honza to his feet and kisses him tasting his own cum from Honza's mouth. What a great scene with two very good guys doing what comes naturally.
Robert Nenadal is aged 22 and lives in Litomysl. He works, but doesn't say at what. In his spare time he enjoys car racing, football and jogging. He looks very good as he sits on the bed giving his interview. Then Robert crawls towards the camera in, a very sexy style, and stands up to remove his shirt. His chest, with a nice amount of hair is exposed and, undoing his belt, he begins to massage his chest. Robert feels all over his chest, pulling at his tits. Then he starts to push his tight jeans down, and his cock, already quite hard, comes into view. It is great to see that he has no underwear on, so that cock flops straight out of the jeans. With his cock surrounded by a very fine bush Robert works on his chest, and plays with himself as we look up the length of his body. He begins to turn around and we see that his ass is very nicely rounded and covered with hair. Kneeling on the bed to give a better view of his ass Robert spreads his cheeks so we can see right into his dark, hairy crack. His hole looks nice and tight as he exposes it for us. His hand runs all over his ass, stretching the cheeks, so the hole is visible and being pulled. His hand rubs over the hole too. Robert clearly wants to make sure we see it all and spends quite a time showing us his hole before turning over, removing his jeans completely and beginning to wank himself again. Robert then lifts and spreads his legs, so that his ass hole is in full view, even more spread than before and it looks so inviting. Again he runs his hands all over his ass, and gives us plenty of time to savor the view. Having shown us everything Robert kneels on the bed and wanks himself to a glorious cumshot. He then goes off to the shower to clean up. He looks great, with his body wet and glistening and with some great close-ups of that handsome face. What a very nice shoot from Robert. It would be good to see him go further.
Honza Solar is aged 29 and comes, originally, from Most. He is self-employed but doesn't say, on his bio form, at what. Honza says his hobby is is job and in his spare time he likes judo. We first encountered Honza when searching for someone for a Gonzo shoot, and he was very good indeed. So now we have a solo shoot with him and he looks very good indeed. As he strips we see that he has a very good body to go with his handsome face. He doesn't disappoint in the posing stakes either, as he adopts some very good ones in this shoot. Particularly when he is naked, with his big cock rock hard and standing to attention. Also when he spreads his ass and shows us his tight little hole. All in all a very good shoot from Honza.
Tomek Sirnad is 20 years old and lives in Nachod. He works in sales and enjoys playing football. What a handsome guy Tomek is, and with a great body too. In this stills shoot he really looks good. Dressed smartly in dark pants and a blue tee-shirt Tomek poses, and then slowly removes the tee-shirt, revealing that splendid chest. He also looks fantastic with his pant just open, and his cock and balls visible, the cock flaccid and promising so much. Then as he sits, naked, with that cock hanging limply over his balls we a tempted to the conclusion that it is a big one. When we finally see it rock hard we are not disappointed either, and Tomer seems to glory in showing it too, as he does with his ass. Particularly with the cheeks spread and a great view into his ass-crack. What a lovely shoot from Tomek, promising much for his video next week.
We recently posted a Broke Czech Guys shoot with great friends Roman Lysacek and Rudy Bodlak. It was a reall good scene, and has led Rudy on to discover much about himself as he leapt right into full guy-guy action. Roman has moved somewhat more tentatively in that direction, but is certainly getting there too. Here we have a very nice backstage look at the original Broke Czech Boys with the two of them.


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Now Serving: Happily Ever After. We recently traveled to Highlands, NC for the Bascum's wedding rehearsal, a rustic, mountainside affair with plenty of ambiance and of course, plenty of incredible food. Guests flocked to the Bride's Tent for her vegetarian favorites, while lovers of Southern home cooking rushed to the Groom's tent for our signature SoLa barbeque and all the fixin's. The Ibiza Bites truck was a big hit with guests, offering made-to-order items from our menu. Let us cater your next special event.
This fried chicken doesn't come in a bucket. Our farm-to–table Lola's Coconut Fried Chicken is made from organic free-range chicken, delicately fried in our signature coconut breading and served with our house-made, tangy Mango Chili Glaze on a bed of fresh Jicama, Pineapple, Mango and Basil Slaw, as well as our Savory Coco Rice. Sound good? See what else we're cooking.
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I thought I would push my census sources as far as they would go, to the 1841 census , with a fair chance that I would be able to pick up a 25-30 year old ex-1834 Cornet Robert Beck.
I thought it would be easy – William Beck's Stocking Shop is now clearly seen on your way through the Round Close to the doctors or the Haugh. William Beck came from Carlisle in 1772, married into a Hawick family, and by 1818 was producing 41,000 pairs of hose a year. [He taught frameknitting to John Pringle, the brother of Robert Pringle, founder of Pringles in 1815]
A traditional, former stocking-manufacturing premises marking the transition between cottage and factory industries at the turn of the 19th century, which largely retains its original profile, including the distinctive, small, square, first-floor openings which would each have lit the space of one stocking-maker. This building is the only survivor of the type in Hawick and is important to understanding the development of the textiles industry in the town.
William Beck was apprenticed to Bailie Hardie in 1775 and, according to Douglas Scott's Hawick Word Book, became 'one of the most popular employers in Hawick, being the only manufacturer to refuse to lower wages during the dispute that led to the "Lang Stand Oot" [strike] of 1822.' His firm collapsed in 1826, possibly in connection with bank failures.
and his effects were sold in Hawick on 2 November 1827
Quite a mix here – the main items are the 9 stocking frames in various gauges, together with the leg boards etc. It looks like he must have had a shop – possibly at the High Street end of his property, with the stocking shop behind – because there is also for auction a shop counter and metal weights, beams and scales; together with what must have been his stock – 30 baskets, 120 pairs of womens shoes, and quantities of shawls, crystal bottles, and stuffed birds.
The Beck property is shown on Woods map of 1824 just along the High Street from the Tower Knowe stretching down from the High Street to the Teviot – so shop on the street, stocking shop tucked in behind?
[and there is one other Beck property named on the map – at the East end of the High Street]
No evidence for it at all, but my guess would be that William Beck [born 1760ish to be apprenticed in 1775??] could be the grandfather of the 1834 born 1814 Cornet Robert , so there would probably be a family of some sort to find.
And there is – William Beck Cornet in 1808 – also a hosier.
I have no evidence for this, but the strong likelihood would be that this is William Beck from Carlisle's son, born in Hawick about 1788ish – the dates would be about right.
And if Cornet William waited a couple of years after 1808 before marrying, he could have had Robert Beck in 1814 or so, ready for him to become Cornet in 1834.
Maybe the family line would be : William Beck – Cornet William Beck 1808 – Cornet Robert Beck 1834
I cannot find where Cornet Robert Beck lived, but he was a flesher. In 1832 Robert Beck, flesher is recorded as paying £23 as rent for the Bleachfield – part of the Common Haugh. Before Commercial Road was developed, many of those who leased parts of the Haugh were butchers, presumably to keep stock before slaughter.
The Flesher Cornet Robert Beck may well have been based at the East end of the High Street, at the other end from hosier Becks and the workshop and shop.
[There is one other Beck listed as letting a part of the Haugh – the innkeeper John Beck of the Grapes, Buccleuch Street in 1825, and then Vintners, 4 Silver Street in 1837 presumaby to graze his, or his customers, horses. This John Beck born 1770 in England could have come to Hawick as the two year old son of hosier William Beck from Carlisle]
Of course there are still Becks in the town, involved with the Common Riding, and last year with the selection of the Cornet
However, the organisers reversed their decision on Friday and are now looking for potential candidates to fill the post. Mrs Mary Beck, who owns her own dress-making shop in the town, said: etc etc etc [from 2010 newspaper]
and 5 years before that, in June 2005, Robert Beck was remembered in a musical put on by the Gutterbludes
Gutterbludes set the stage
100 YEARS ago audiences packed the Exchange to see the first Gutterbludes show. Sadly the centenary shows were a poor reflection on present day Gutterbludes, or natives, with the Two Rivers Theatre Company performing to less than a half-filled Town Hall on each of their four performances.
The people who missed this treat will be kicking themselves, because they missed a gem of a show! It was a show liberally sprinkled with some of the best Common Riding tunes, performed by some of the best Common Riding singers. The acting was superb and Jean Wintrope once again ….
While many Hawick people couldn't rouse themselves to make their way to the Town Hall, five descendants of one of the play's authors, Adam Grant, had travelled all the way from Canada to take in the Two Rivers Theatre Company production. Great grandson Grant Ward was joined by great granddaughters Sharon McFarlane, Sheila Bolger, Louise Winterstein and Jan Delvecchio.
The early part of the show is based in 'Teri Lodge' deep in the Canadian Forests on New Year's Eve 1834 while the second act sees the Town Hall stage transformed into Common Riding Friday, 1835 ….
….. From here on the Common Riding songs come thick and fast, delivered with passion by Bert Armstrong, Michael Aitken, Fran Barker, Iain Scott and the rest of the exhuberant cast. It is not often that someone with a non-speaking part can make such an impact on a show but Ian Landles in the role of 'Gibbie the gowk' did that in incredible fashion.This was entertainment. Hawick style!
By the end when Cornet George Young left the stage, accompanied by the rest of the Common Riding principals, the Hawick crowd, along with the Canadian guests showed their appreciation of a fine show. A show which J. E. D. Murray and Adam Grant would have been proud of.
The CAST
Meda, The Scout Fran Barker
Wat Hardie Iain Scott
Dan Knox : Steve Brown
Colin Armstrong: Stuart Gibson
Alex Maxwell: Jim Arbon
Spunk: Bill McCraw
Jean Kaishie: Christine Lyon
Nannie Kaishie: Anne Clark
Mysie Maxwell: Karen Whinam
Gibbie the gowk: Ian Landles
Caleb Rutherford: Bert Armstrong
Senior Baillie: Colin Thorburn
His Wife: Janette Thorburn
Cornet William Turnbull: George Young
Cornet's Lass: Leanne Stormont
Right Hand Man Robert Beck: Richard Walker
Right Hand Lass: Linda Walker
Left Hand Man James Millar: Stuart Irvine
Left Hand Lass: Gillian Patterson
The Bairns: Emma Elliot-Walker, Isla Elliot-Walker, Rachel Inglis, Lysney McFarlane, Natalie Paterson, Alison Rafferty, Emily Rafferty, Mandy Rayner, Abigail Tofts, Liam Caswell, Fergus Hislop, Stuart Mitchell, Jamie Scott, Aimee Fraser, Rhinna Graham, Sarah Whillans.
Crowd: Pamela Casson, Shelagh Duncan, Linda Mason, Gillian Patterson, Alison Seeley, Leanne Stormont, Michael Aitken, Bert Armstrong, Derek Inglis, Ian Landles.
Musicians- Ian Seeley (Piano), Pamela Walker (Violin)Drums and Fifes- Ronnie Nichol, Dougie Rae, Roddy McIntyre, John Riddell.
So you would expect that it would be very easy indeed to find traces of Robert Beck – but there weren't any!
Robert Beck, flesher was running a business in the town in 1832 – 1833, and his father's uncle? John Beck was running The Grapes and then an inn in Silver Street until 1835.
But his father William and grandfathers successful hosiery workshop and shop had folded and been sold off by 1828.
Maybe the Beck family were past their best in Hawick – the 1841 census had no Robert Beck or Robert B*ck or indeed very few Becks at all.
The last of the old guard, 71 year old innkeeper John Beck was in Silver Street with Nanny Beck aged 66; and a few scattered children [eg in the Sandbed living with a Confectioner and her lodger Druggist] but no families.
Maybe a lot had happened in the 7 years since 1834, and lingering debts and the loss of the main businesses in 1827 had done for the Becks, with Robert Beck just hanging in there long enough to follow on from his 1808 Cornet father as the 1834 Cornet.
I need to have a look at the Scotlands People records – ie pay to look at them!
Maxwellancestry.co.uk is an absolutely amazing resource, and the Library edition of Ancestry.co.uk is OK – but maybe, just maybe there might be some trace of this Cornet to be found. After all – he was in a musical with Ian Landles!
Graham Maxwell has come up trumps with what happened to Robert Beck after he was Cornet in 1834.
He married Euphemia Thomson on 7 September 1835 in Hawick, and they had 2 boys John Beck baptised 6 August 1836 in Hawick, and Walter Beck baptised 6 July 1838 in Hawick.
By 1841, Robert, Euphemia and 3 year old Walter are not to be found in Hawick, but 5 year old John Beck does seem still to be there, living with 50 year old Janet Thomson – Euphemia's mother? so John's granny? – at her confectioners shop at 12 Sandbed.
Robert Beck doesn't seem to surface again until 1858, when the Edinburgh based Caledonian Mercury on 8 March 1858 reported his promotion to Third Class Clerk in General Business, London.
This was a not inconsiderable post, and a rung up on the Civil Service career ladder – George Sheldrick and Benjamin Bond were moving up with him.
The grade was created in 1856. The number of Third Class Clerks was fixed at ten [in the Treasury]. The salary scale was £100 rising by annual increments of £100 to £250.
How much was that? £7,650 if using RPI, or £67,700 if using average earnings calculated here. Basically, he was in a secure Civil Service position, and heading for a comfortable Pooterish Senior Clerk position.
And then in the 1871 census , living in Peckham, London with Euphemia, a First Class Clerk, HM Customs at 96 Gordon Road.
Now with the garden concreted over, and in the South London borough of Trotters Independent Trading and Damilola Taylor, but in its day a very appropriate residence for a Clerk. Next door at 98 lived a Stockbrokers Clerk, and at 99 a Commercial Clerk to an East Indian Merchant.
He had managed to get his three daughters into the Civil Service as well – Jessie, Agnes and Euphemia were Telegraphists. The machine here is from the 1880s, and shows the job they did, transcribing Morse code to and from paper format.
Here illustrated by a man, but Telegraphy was the first job for women in the Civil Service – here in the 1910s in the GPO
By 1881, Robert Beck 1834 Cornet is dead, and his Hawick born widow Euphemia has moved along the road to 2 Gordon Road, Peckham , still with her three Telegraph Clerk daughters – but also with a 40 year old Ship's Steward son – another Robert Beck.
So it looks like the 1834 Cornet did leave some traces – a flesher renting part of the Haugh just before he became Cornet, he married Euphemia Thomson a Hawick girl, and then applied for a prized clerk's job in the Civil Service and was posted away from Hawick to London, taking his wife and 3 year old with him, but leaving his 5 year old for a while in the care of his grandmother in her sweetie shop in the Sandbed. He died a comfortable First Class Clerk in suburban Peckham, with a pension for Euphemia, three Telegraphist daughters and a son Robert , home from the sea.
An interesting family, which played a major part in the development of the hosiery industry in Hawick, and then declined.


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|One Person Religion
Cuban missile crisis
1 month ago
Random thoughts on the blue highways.
You never know what you will find on the blue highways. Particularly when the choice at an intersection is controlled by the roll of a die. About the only rule is that highway onramps don't count as an intersection. You don't even have to roll the die. If one road looks interesting, go for it.
|One Person Religion


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Charles "Charlie" W. Henning, age 87, of Adrian passed away Wednesday, March 26, 2014, at Lenawee Medical Care Facility
Charles "Charlie" W. Henning, age 87, of Adrian passed away Wednesday, March 26, 2014, at Lenawee Medical Care Facility.
He was born July 11, 1926, in Adrian to William J. and Edith M. (Beitleschies) Henning. On Oct. 15, 1966, he married Joan Jermeay and she survives. He had been employed in construction, working for several different companies over the years, retiring from Adrian Steel.
Charlie enjoyed reading and listening to music. He and his wife, Joan, raised several foster children, including several infants. He was a member of St. Stephen Lutheran Church and the Maplewood Seniors. In addition to his wife, Joan, he is survived by his children, Christine (Robert) Boardman of Pittsford, Mary Boren of Huntington, W.Va., Daniel Jermeay of Huntington, W.Va., and Melinda (Kip) Kelly of Jerome, Mich.; 12 grandchildren, 21 great-grandchildren and six great-great-grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his parents; a brother, Alvin Henning; and a son Charles F. Jermeay.
At Charles' request, cremation has taken place. A memorial service will be held at 2 p.m. Saturday, March 29, 2014, at the Anderson Funeral Home, Adrian, with Pastor James Backus officiating. Burial of cremains will be in Lyons Cemetery. Visitation will also be Saturday, from 1 p.m. until the time of the service.
You may send condolences to the family at www.andersonfuneralservices.com. Memorial contributions may be made to St. Stephen Lutheran Church or to Hospice of Lenawee. Envelopes are available at the Anderson Funeral Home, Adrian.


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Part of the Riverwalk Closed
We could see the progress during the walk.
Waco Riverwalk
Miles Hiked: 3.10 Miles Elapsed Time: N/A
We had to walk around construction. They are working on a bridge over to Mclean Stadium.
Log Photos
New Baylor Stadium across the river from the Riverwalk
Area around Waco Riverwalk
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Texas: The Lone Star State (8th Edition)
Rupert N. Richardson, Adrian Anderson, Cary D. Wintz, Ernest Wallace
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Texas, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, is a very different place than it was when the first edition of this text appeared over a half-century ago. Nevertheless, Texas: The Lone Star State remains at its core the work of Professor Rupert Norvell Richardson, one of the most respected Texas historians of the twentieth century. Through the preceding seven editions this work has evolved as new material and new historical interpretations have made their way into the text, and as new authors have joined the venture. Adrian Anderson and Ernest Wallace joined the text for the third edition, and Cary D. Wintz joins for the eighth. Adding to a strong narrative discussion of nineteenth-century Texas are new materials and information that emphasize the role of women and minorities in Texas history, the impact of industrialization and urbanization, the social and demographic changes that have occurred in twentieth-century Texas, and the transformation of Texas politics at the end of the twentieth century.Content Highlights: *New maps and photographs underscore the importance of geography in understanding Texas history, and graphically illustrate the role of the diverse peoples who have contributed to Texas history. *The Spanish and Mexican eras were revised to reflect new research in the field. Increased material on Mexican-Americans in post revolutionary Texas provides a strong coverage of the Hispanic influence throughout Texas history. *The events of the Texas revolution have been revised to incorporate recent scholarship. *The period of Reconstruction has been revised to incorporate recent scholarship. Special attention has been focused on the role of African Americans, especially in the development of the Republican Party during the Reconstruction and the post-Reconstruction period. *Material on politics in late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century Texas has been revised to more clearly include the role of women and minorities in Texas politics. The role of women in reform politics at the turn of the century and the impact of these movements on African Americans is discussed in greater detail.*The politics of post-World War II Texas have been more thoroughly discussed. Additional material is included on civil rights, the changing demographics of the state, and the resurgence of the Republican party.
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Public Hearing Guidelines
Initiative Guidelines
Initiative Code
Mississippi's Initiative Process
View All Initiatives
Southhaven Public Hearing Transcripts
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Pearl Public Hearing Transcripts
Gulfport Public Hearing Transcripts
Hattiesburg Public Hearing Transcripts
Meridian Public Hearing Transcripts
Tupelo Public Hearing Transcripts
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Cleveland Public Hearing Transcripts
The Secretary of State's Office is hosting a series of Public Hearings to give all
Mississippians the opportunity to express their opinions about each of the Initiative
measures to be decided in the November 8, 2011 General Election. The public is invited
to attend any or all forums. Individuals wishing to speak either in support of or
against any of the three ballot initiatives may sign in beginning at 5 p.m. on the
evening of each hearing.
Individuals may also submit written comments by selecting an initiative and clicking
the "Add Comments" button at the bottom.
Hearing Locations
All hearings will begin promptly at 5:30 p.m.
- July 7
Civic Center
Click here for transcript of Public Hearing
- July 12
Bost Conference
Center Theatre
Pearl -
July 20
Hinds Community
College - Clyde Muse Center
- July 21
Davis Community College Auditorium
- July 26
Lake Terrace
Convention Center
- July 28
MSU Riley
- August 9
The Link
- August 25
Community College Auditorium
- September 6
Delta State
- Bologna Performing Arts Center
The Mississippi initiative law affords voters an avenue for addressing important
constitutional issues which the State Legislature does not. This year, the three
initiatives appearing on the November 8 ballot address basic constitutional issues:
the integrity of our vote, the definition of when life begins, and government's
right to seize private property for non-public use.
After registering the initiative with the Secretary of State's Office, the official
ballot title and summary are prepared by the Mississippi Attorney General. Initiatives
are only valid for one year, during which time a petition must be circulated to
gather signatures to place the measure on the next statewide General Election ballot.
According to State law, for an initiative measure to be placed on this year's ballot,
a minimum of 89,285 certified signatures must be gathered with at least 17,857 certified
signatures from each of the five congressional districts as they existed in the
year 2000. Signatures must be certified by county circuit clerks. A completed petition
is filed with the Secretary of State's Office, along with a $500 filing fee.
Not only must an initiative receive a majority of the total votes cast for that
particular initiative, it must also receive more than 40% of the total votes cast
in that election.
Our Agency is currently in the "voter information" stage of the initiative process.
According to State law, we are required to publish this pamphlet in addition to
holding public hearings across the State in each of the five congressional districts.
I encourage you to take advantage of these educational brochures and to attend the
hearings prior the election. Be informed when you head to the polls to vote and
decide these issues.
As always, if we may be of any assistance, we encourage you to contact our Elections
Hotline at 1(800) 829-6786.


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Sarah's Mediterranean Chicken Pasta Quick Weeknight Meals Recipe Contest 2009
Recipe: Mediterranean Chicken Pasta
How long does it take? 30 minutes
Category: Omnivore
Name: Sarah
Why is it a favorite meal? This is a fast meal with many ingredients that are already on hand.
Mediterranean Chicken Pasta
4 oz. crumbled feta
1/2 pint cherry tomatoes, halved
7 oz. marinated artichoke hearts, quartered
4 sun dried tomatoes, minced
1/2 cup kalamata olives
1/4 of a red onion, finely chopped
2 chicken breasts
Salt and Pepper
1 tbsp olive oil
1/4 cup chicken broth
1 lb. whole wheat spaghetti (or other pasta)
Red Wine Vinaigrette (recipe below)
1. Bring a pot of salted water to boil and cook spaghetti according to package directions (about 10 minutes).
2. Add 1 tbsp olive oil to a pan and heat over medium heat. Sprinkle chicken with salt and pepper.
3. Add chicken to pan and brown on both sides. When browned, add chicken broth to pan. Cover and cook chicken until cooked through.
4. Set chicken aside and allow to cool. When cool enough to handle, cut the chicken into bite sized pieces.
5. When the spaghetti is done cooking, drain and add to a large bowl. Add the tomatoes, onion, artichoke hearts, sun dried tomatoes, olives, chicken, and feta to the bowl. Drizzle red wine vinaigrette over the dish and toss to combine.
Red Wine Vinaigrette:
1/4 cup red wine vinegar
1 tsp honey
1 tsp salt
1/4 tsp freshly ground pepper
1/2 cup olive oil
Add all ingredients to a small bowl. Whisk to mix together.
Thanks Sarah, and good luck! Readers, give Sarah a thumbs up if you like this recipe!
Enter our Quick Weeknight Meals Contest!
You could win some fabulous prizes and we'll all collect some great new recipes.