text:
Free Fatty Acids, Body Weight, and Growth Hormones Secretion in Children
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01237041
Recruitment Status : Terminated
First Posted : November 9, 2010
Last Update Posted : August 7, 2018
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- Results Submitted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
- Overweight and obese children and adults often have lower levels of growth hormone in the blood. Regulation of growth hormone may be tied to weight and free fatty acids in the blood. Current tests of growth hormone (such as those used when evaluating the heights of children who are markedly shorter than other children of comparable age) may be affected by other factors, including obesity. Researchers are interested in evaluating the levels of growth hormone and free fatty acids in the blood of children between 7 and 14 years of age who weigh more than children of a comparable age, or who are shorter than other children of a comparable age and have been recommended for growth hormone testing as part of an evaluation for their height.
- To determine the effect of changes in free fatty acids in the blood on changes in growth hormone secretion in overweight or shorter children and young adolescents.
- Children and adolescents between 7 and 14 years of age who weigh more than or are shorter than other children of a comparable age and do not have any medical illnesses.
- Participants will have two study visits, one of which will be a half day screening visit in the outpatient clinic and one of which will require 2 nights as an inpatient at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center.
- Participants should not eat or drink anything except water after 10 PM the night before or on the morning of the screening visit.
- At the screening visit, participants will have a physical examination and medical history, provide blood and urine samples, have an oral glucose tolerance test (to check blood sugar levels), and have an x-ray of the left hand to check bone age.
- The inpatient study visit will involve a physical examination and medical history, a full x-ray scan to study body fat and muscle, frequent blood tests throughout the visit, and various medications to stimulate growth hormone production and lower levels of free fatty acids in the blood.
|Condition or disease
|Obesity Short Stature Growth Hormone Deficiency
|Drug: Niacin Drug: Placebo
|Phase 1 Phase 2
Obese children and adults display lower spontaneous and stimulated growth hormone (GH) secretion. It is presumed that dysregulation of some of the factors normally involved in controlling GH secretion underlies the hyposomatotropinemia of obesity, given that GH production usually normalizes after weight loss. Free fatty acids (FFA) are one factor thought to be involved in regulation of GH secretion. Niacin is a nicotinic acid derivative that inhibits lipolysis and lowers circulating FFA concentrations. Nicotinic acid derivatives have been used in several adult studies examining GH secretion. Specifically in obese adults, inhibition of lipolysis has been found to increase spontaneous and stimulated GH production, presumably due to direct effects of FFA on hypothalamic GH-regulating neurons. Thus far no pediatric studies have examined the effects of niacin on GH secretion, and there is only one small pediatric study of normal weight prepubertal children growing at the 5th-10th percentile in height has tested the effects of lipolytic inhibition by acipimox (a related medication also derived from nicotinic acid) on GH secretion. There are no data in obese children demonstrating the effects of inhibition of lipolysis on GH secretion.
We propose to investigate one of the mechanisms through which high adiposity alters GH secretion in children by testing the effects of inhibiting lipolysis. First we will conduct dose establishing studies to determine the appropriate dose of niacin needed to suppress FFA concentrations in children. We will then conduct the main study, designed as a pilot randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial of niacin administration, to assess its effects on stimulated GH secretion. We hypothesize that in overweight children niacin will lead to a fall in free fatty acid concentrations and consequently a rise in stimulated GH secretion. We further hypothesize that the overweight subjects will demonstrate stimulated GH secretion profiles with niacin similar to those of control subjects who receive placebo. We expect this pilot study may help improve how diagnostic testing is carried out for growth hormone deficiency in children.
|Study Type :
|Interventional (Clinical Trial)
|Actual Enrollment :
|37 participants
|Intervention Model:
|Crossover Assignment
|Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
|Primary Purpose:
|Official Title:
|Free Fatty Acids, Body Weight, and Growth Hormone Secretion in Children
|Study Start Date :
|January 1, 2011
|Actual Primary Completion Date :
|October 17, 2017
|Actual Study Completion Date :
|December 13, 2017
Experimental: Niacin First
Subjects receive niacin on day 1 then cross over to receive placebo on day 2.
Drug: Niacin
500 mg po four times on one of the inpatient days
Drug: Placebo
Experimental: Placebo First
Subjects receive placebo on day 1 then cross over to receive niacin on day 2
Drug: Niacin
500 mg po four times on one of the inpatient days
Drug: Placebo
- Effect of niacin on stimulated growth hormone secretion [ Time Frame: 4 hours ]
- Effects of niacin on GHRH and somatostatin secretion [ Time Frame: 4 hours ]
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|7 Years to 14 Years (Child)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Subjects will qualify for the overweight group for the dose-establishing studies 1 and 2 and main study) if they meet the following criteria:
- Good general health.
- Age greater than or equal to 7 and less than 15 years.
- Tanner stage I, II or III for the breast among girls and testes less than10 mL for boys based upon an examination by a trained physician or nurse practitioner.
- Weight > 30 kg.
- Fasting plasma glucose < 100 mg/dL, 2 hour post-dextrose glucose < 140 mg/dL, and HgbA1C less than or equal to 6.4%.
- Females who are age 10 or greater must have a negative pregnancy test.
- Body mass index greater than or eqaul to 95th percentile determined by Centers for Disease Control age and sex specific data (given that most pathology of obesity does not usually emerge until children cross the 95th percentile).
- No evidence of growth failure as defined as height > 5th percentile.
Subjects will qualify for the non-overweight control group (for the main study only) if they meet the following criteria:
- Recommended by a pediatric endocrinologist to undergo GH stimulation testing to establish the diagnosis of GH-deficiency.
- Good general health.
- Age greater than or equal to 7 and less than15 years.
- Tanner stage I, II or III for the breast among girls and testes less than 10 mL for boys based upon an examination by a trained physician or nurse practitioner.
- Weight > 30 kg.
- Fasting plasma glucose < 100 mg/dL, 2 hour post-dextrose glucose < 140 mg/dL, and HgbA1C less than or equal to 6.4%.
- Females who are age 10 or greater must have a negative pregnancy test.
- Height < 5th percentile.
- BMI between the 5th and 85th percentiles determined by Centers for Disease Control age and sex specific data.
- Birth weight and length not consistent with small for gestational age (SGA) criteria or a history of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) based on recall history.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA (for the dose-establishing sutides 1 and 2, and the main study):
Subjects will be excluded if they have any of the following:
- Baseline creatinine greater than or equal to 1.0 mg/dl.
- Significant cardiac or pulmonary disease likely to or resulting in hypoxia or decreased perfusion.
- Hepatic disease with elevated liver function tests (ALT or AST)greater than or equal to 1.5 the upper limits of normal.
- Pregnancy.
- Evidence for impaired glucose tolerance or Type 2 diabetes, including fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 100 mg/dL, 2 hour post-dextrose glucose greater than or equal to 140 mg/dL, or HgbA1C > 6.4%.
- Presence of other endocrinologic disorders leading to obesity (e.g. Cushing Syndrome).
- Any disorder that is known to affect GH secretion (e.g. untreated hypothyroidism) or use of any medication known to affect GH levels (including glucocorticoids and GH itself).
- Any other disorder that is known to affect stature including skeletal dysplasias.
- Recent use (within two years) of anorexiant medications, stimulant medications, or other medications felt to impact growth.
- Individuals who have, or whose parent or guardians have, current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or other condition that, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede competence or compliance or possibly hinder completion of the study.
- Individuals receiving medical treatment other than diet for hypertension or dyslipidemia.
- Individuals with evidence of precocious puberty as defined as palpable breast tissue noted in females before the age of 7, testicular size greater than or equal to 4cc in males before the age of 9, or bone age advancement more than 2 SD for chronologic age.
- Individuals receiving androgen or estrogen hormone therapy.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01237041
|United States, Maryland
|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
|Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
|Principal Investigator:
|Jack A Yanovski, M.D.
|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
|Responsible Party:
|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01237041 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|First Posted:
|November 9, 2010 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|August 7, 2018
|Last Verified:
|December 13, 2017
Keywords provided by National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) ( Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) ):
Body Fat
Growth Hormone
Growth Hormones
Short Stature
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Body Weight
Dwarfism, Pituitary
Signs and Symptoms
Bone Diseases, Developmental
Bone Diseases
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Bone Diseases, Endocrine
Pituitary Diseases
Hypothalamic Diseases
Brain Diseases
Central Nervous System Diseases
Nervous System Diseases
Endocrine System Diseases
Genetic Diseases, Inborn
Nicotinic Acids
Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Hypolipidemic Agents
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Lipid Regulating Agents
Vasodilator Agents
Vitamin B Complex


text:
Okay I now that this is going to seem kind of strange.
My name is Doug. I am a former atheist who is now a Bible thumping Jesus Freak. I am also a former journalist and currently run a facebook community for Christians.
Tomorrow I want to start a thread called "Ask the Atheist" where believers can engage with non-believers. This is not- IS NOT- an effort to try and convert anyone. Instead it's about building a community where people can talk about issues from every different perspective. The thread will go up around 10 am EST on Facebook...
The thing is I just need one Atheist to answer the questions. I suspect they will be along the line of : did you attend church as kid, are your parents religious, when did you tell them about your doubt, how have your encounters with Christians been- do they rub you the wrong way, or they always trying shove God down your throat.
I personally only know a few members of our on line community. But all of them have been very respectful. So if you are free (can be in front of a computer) tomorrow mid morning please let me know.
Views: 1166
William is right. I don't need just one. I thought finding one would be hard enough, if there are others who would be willing to do it that would be great.
I am going to keep the discussion on facebook, as opposed to moving it here, because there will reach people larger then either community. We have about 1300 followers on our site.. and each time someone post on the site, all of their friends will be invited to join the discussion. I think it would be great to have a community where believers and non believers come together.
Tomorrow I will post a thread asking for questions. For those of you want to follow along and facebook you can do that, but as James as suggested I will repost the questions here. I will also extend an invitation to people on our site to join the discussion here, but this is all going to be trial and error so we will see how it works.
James I would be happy to promote any other projects.
Here is a link to the facebook site https://www.facebook.com/pages/Off-The-Wahl-Eassys-in-taking-the-ne...
Thank you for the acknowledgement of being right. Now I feel more confident in my statement about the ambush. 1300 to 1 is pretty poor odds. I don't think just one atheist could keep up with all the Q's and would result in a beatdown of xians who are not prepared to give time to answer. Pretty much along the lines of "Why can't you answer the questions?" "You're choosing which questions you want to answer" (now that one is funny...lol) and would pretty much fall flat on it's face fairly quickly. It would be over before it got even started. There are probably hundreds of xians with questions just ready to copy and paste as soon as the page opens.. On the other side of this, we as atheists do not have any answers ready because we have not seen the questions yet. We can guess, and probably quite accurately so, what a lot of the questions will be like. However we could not possibly prepare a barrage of responses up front per-say.
I think You're trying to do something Good here and I hope I am wrong. However that does not happen much. I usually think before I open my mouth and let my belly rumble...
Anyhoo. I've been on your link for a short while this morning. I want to say interesting....not sure if I can yet though.
Sadly, TA has had a slug of 'asserted' atheist turn coats/expatriots recently. So are you one of thoughs, or just some new breed of wishy-washy theist that is affraid to make a metaphysical commitment?
Maybe you are in some form of approach-avoidance conflict, and looking for a missing last datum that would seal the deal? A final atheist commitment, does not always come easily, you have to put the work in, and most us wondered around for a while before we got it.
Some of us got to atheism by deep study, others there by ugly social or family experience(s), but I expect that many went through all of these stages/steps. I doubt that there is a 12 step program to get to atheism, from theism, but some of us might consider theism as something to 'recover' from.
Returning to 'Theism', for me would seem more like a return to drinking, drugs, or smoking, happily none of these did I ever need to 'recover' from.
Over the years, I have returned to my roots a few times, by way of a church mass, singles clubs, potlucks, etc. Happily I could not find anything that could attract or convince me of a return to the fold.
If anything, IMHO, theism has decayed over these last 40 years, but some fellowships have atleast attempted to reform/redefine themselves by accepting gays or openning up the priesthood to women. I see these attempts at reform as mostly symbolic, for fear that the fellowships are lossing members and the 'great sucking sound' has become louder.
When I return to 'church', I have to leave my mind at the door, loose my respect for human intelligence, accept fiction as fact, and forget that human culture has advance for more that 2000 years since the 'birth' of a savior. That 'savior' has become one more disapointment, but human intelligence, manipulated by a quaint fiction should have known better.....
Yes I was considered an atheist. In fact in my high school there was a Christian group of students who used to pray for me every week, and I didn't know that until 20 years laters.
I didn't have an experience like hearing the voice of God. There was no flash of light. There wasn't a moment in time, where I can say at this hour and in this place, I became a believer. Instead it was a process. But I did have the type of experience of brokenness- of feeling I had screwed up my life. And that started me to studying. Someone said earlier it takes a lotof studying to be an atheist... I believe that. But it also takes a lot of studying to go in the opposite direction. The first thing I read was not the Bible.. it was the so called Jefferson Bible. Which allowed me to focus on the teachings of Jesus without the super natural stuff getting in the way. Having said that- 6 years later- I do believe in the super natural. But even if they never happened, I believe his teachings alone were enough to change the course of history.
What do I get out of Christianity- Karl there are some days that I don't think I get any thing out of it. There are some days when I question my sanity and wonder what the hell I've gotten myself into. And there are other moments..when my faith helps me deal with the stresses of life. Please understand that Christianity hasn't made my life easier. There is still drama, and I - like you- have a ton of people who are always tapping into me and making big withdraws of time, money and attention. For me faith is how I replenish... it's what fills my tank up so others can keep taping into it
RE: "I believe his teachings alone were enough to change the course of history."
With all due respect doug, you have no idea what "his" teachings were, as there is no evidence that he ever existed. The Gospels were written anonymously, and only attributed to "Matthew," "Mark," "Luke" and "John" (the son of Zebedee) many years later. No one knows who wrote them, how reliable the writers were, or the sources of their information.
What we DO know, is that they represented the orthodox point of view, and that all writings representing any other point of view were considered "heretical," and suppressed or destroyed by those who wished their own points of view to be the only ones remaining.
With the discovery of the safely-hidden scrolls at Nag Hamadi, however, we get a glimpse into the past and discover that other "Christians" quoted teachings, purportedly also by "him," that widely contradict "orthodox" scripture.
So to say, "his teachings alone were enough to change the course of history," you'd have to be more specific - do you mean those teachings that were often altered by scribes to fit the orthodox position or those that contradict that position? Or perhaps those that were destroyed by early Christian power brokers who felt their view was "right" and made sure no one else had a choice?
This is my question, as it is with most theists. How can you justify skipping the old testament - god is jesus, jesus is god, and depending which brand of religion one follows, there is also a ghost thrown in. Yet again, cherry picking, and that doesn't work for me.
The edit button isn't working -
@Blaine - exactly, doug, you have been there, done that, if you were an Atheist, why were you an Atheist?
Do you think they would be shocked if Yahweh appeared in the chat?
@doug wahl - If you don't believe and obey 100% of the bible, how can you, in all conscience follow any of it?
Because some of it is just basic decent advice? I mean really, I don't believe any of the god stuff in there but whats wrong with following good advice like, be nice to your neighbors or whatever?
right on Karl

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The 2006 Early Assessment Program (EAP) test
results for schools, counties, districts, and the state are available at this
To find EAP test results, click "Test Results"
on the navigation bar located at the top left-hand side of this page.
Important Note: Test results for individual students are available only to parents/guardians and may be obtained only from the schools and districts where students were tested. Individual student results are neither available on the Internet nor from the California State University.
Finding Test Results - Directions on how to find the test results for a desired test; a desired school, district, county, or the state; and a desired demographic group or subgroup.
Printing Test Results - Suggestions on how to print the test results.
Term and Score Explanations - Definitions and explanations of the terms and scores used.


text:
Final rabies clinic of 2012
9 a.m.-5 p.m. Sept. 29. 7211 Sallie Mood Dr. The Savannah-Chatham Metropolitan Police Department Animal Control Unit is offering its fourth Rabies clinic for cats and dogs Sept. 29. This will be the last clinic for 2012. Rabies vaccine will be $6 and microchipping will be available for $20.
Picnic in the Park Pet Costume Contest
2-4 p.m. Oct. 7. Forsyth Park. The City of Savannah's Department of Cultural Affairs and TailsSpin Pet Supply Store are joining forces to host PAWrade at Picnic in the Park at Forsyth Park Oct. 7 from 2-4 p.m. in conjunction with the city's Picnic in the Park event. This year's theme is "Some Enchanted Evening" the pet costume contest will be based on this theme. The entrance fee is $10, and contestants may apply at either TailsSpin location, or at the Savannah Department of Cultural Affairs on Henry Street. All proceeds to benefit the Savannah Pet Rescue Agencies: Humane Society of Greater Savannah, Coastal Pet Rescue, F.A.C.T.S. and Save-A-Life, Inc.
12-5 p.m. Oct. 20. Downtown Savannah. Your dog and/or you should be in costume!! Over 80 businesses participating and showing their support for our local animal welfare! Enjoy quality time with your pooch and get FREE dog treats downtown. Pick up maps at Canine Palace, 612 Abercorn St., for $5 donation per person. Benefitting Dachshund Rescue of North America.
Donations for Save-A-Life
Save-A-Life Adoptions are in need of donations for their cat fosters parents. Can you donate some wet or dry kitten or cat food? Call Karen at 912-598-0561 for information. Or drop off at Save-A-Life's Mobile Adoption from 11 a.m.-2:30 p.m. Saturdays at the PetSmart Store on Abercorn Street.
Adopters and foster parents needed
The Humane Society for Greater Savannah is experiencing an unexplainable increase in the number of surrendered pets. With the extreme number of dogs surrendered at one time, the staff and volunteers at the Humane Society of Greater Savannah are hoping to enlist the public's help by spreading the word about these great adoptable dogs. All our dogs are spayed or neutered, up to date on shots, have been given a heart worm test, and micro-chipped. The adoption process also includes a free initial vet visit in the Greater Savannah area with the vet of choice, and 30-day coverage with Shelter Care pet insurance. Further details can be found at www.HumaneSocietySAV.org or conttact Erin Fontes, Volunteer & Special Programs Coordinator, at 912-354-9515 Ext. 112 or email, email@example.com.
Dog walks
5 p.m. Canine Palace, 612 Abercorn St. ST. ALMO holds informal dog walks at 5 p.m. Sundays, weather permitting. Meet at Canine Palace. For information, call 912-234-3336.
Dog Days
4 p.m. Wednesdays, Islands Branch Library, 125 Wilmington Road. Practice your reading skills with one of our furry friends. Ages five and older. For information, call 912-897-6233.


text:
DIY Holiday Crafts: Christmas Ornaments
The season is flying by so quickly, and I still have hopes of sitting down and making some holiday-themed doodads with my daughter. If we're lucky, maybe she'll make enough that we can give them to some of her friends too. Luckily there are lots of wonderful ideas floating around online to get us inspired.
Some of these crafts are great with kids, and some of them (like the hot glue snowflake!) are best left to the adults. But whatever approach you take, the holidays are a perfect time to let go of your creative hang-ups and just make something to give to others. Happy Holidays everyone!
Pictured above:
1. A Trio of Felt Ornaments, The Purl Bee
2. Tape Star Decoration, Lutter Idyl - in Danish, but the photos are easy to follow.
3. Hot Glue Glittered Ornament, Under the Table and Dreaming
4. BIrd House Ornaments (using toliet paper rolls!), Kifli es Levendula - in Hungarian, but the photos are easy to follow.
5. Paper Christmas Trees, Parents.com
(images: 1. Purl Bee, 2. Lutter Idyl 3. Under the Table and Dreaming 4. Kifli es Levendula 5. Parents.com)


text:
Atmospheric Sciences & Global Change
Research Highlights
February 2010
Cracking the Codes of Building Energy Efficiency
U.S. and China launch collaboration on building energy codes compliance and training
Results: Scientists from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, along with building efficiency experts in China, are working to analyze the building energy codes and their enforcement systems in the U.S. and China. This work was highlighted in the recent bilateral Energy Efficiency Action Plan announced by President Barack Obama and President Hu Jintao of China, which notes the countries' plans to promote greener buildings through energy efficient building codes, training building inspectors and developing advanced energy rating systems. To date, PNNL scientists have worked with more than 140 implementation and enforcement professionals in China to develop building energy code and efficiency strategies.
Why it matters: The United States and China are the world's largest energy producers, energy consumers, and greenhouse gas emitters. Working together on research and approaches to improve energy efficiency in buildings, the United States and China can assure that new construction minimizes carbon-based energy use and the carbon footprint of both nations. Building energy codes help ensure that new buildings employ cost-effective and energy efficient technologies.
Method: PNNL scientists are working with researchers in China to analyze and improve energy code enforcement systems, and train code officials in China. PNNL researchers at Joint Global Change Research Institute, a partnership of PNNL and the University of Maryland, prepared seven individual country reports and a comparative report looking across the APP countries. PNNL's energy code experts, who are part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Building Energy Codes Program (BECP), provided U.S. energy codes experience to collaborate with the Beijing Energy Efficiency Center (BECon) and the China Academy of Building Research (CABR) in analyzing building energy codes in the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate (APP) countries. This collaborative process and expertise offered policy makers and code experts with a menu of options on code requirements and implementation systems.
PNNL experts performed a qualitative analysis of a range of energy code factors such as different code implementation tools, the extent of coverage of the codes, and items included in the codes. They employed a quantitative analysis on the prescriptive energy code requirements—such as minimum R-factors for windows, or minimum required mechanical efficiencies—for different building components. Energy code experts in both countries then met for several events held in Beijing and the smaller cities of Ningbo and Changchun. In Beijing, government officials, researchers, and code experts from around the Asia-Pacific region shared strategies for improving energy code implementation in building design and construction. In Ningbo and Changchun, PNNL and scientists from CABR led inspectors, government officials, and training groups in seminars on the training, compliance, and enforcement of energy codes. The workshops were hands-on, covering specific strategies for code implementation and enforcement.
Based on this work and the input of CABR researchers, the team is now designing detailed plans to provide training and information to strengthen code implementation in China. The training program for building designers and code inspectors will also be disseminated and replicated in other parts of China.
What's next: Continued collaboration between U.S. and Chinese energy code experts will focus on making training and compliance materials more accessible for building designers and code enforcement officials in more rural areas of China. The collaboration will continue to explore new tools and approaches to aid with compliance of increasingly rigorous codes.
Acknowledgments: The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is transforming the nation's ability to predict climate change and its impacts. The Joint Global Change Research Institute is a partnership of PNNL and the University of Maryland. The China Academy of Building Research is the largest building research institute in China. The Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate is an international partnership of Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, Rep. of Korea, and the United States to meet goals for energy security, air pollution reduction, and climate change.
Sponsors: Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, and the U.S. Department of State.
Research team: Meredydd Evans and Dr. Bin Shui of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, at the Joint Global Change Research Institute; and Mark Halverson of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Commercial R&D Element Manager for the Building Energy Codes program.
References: Evans M, B Shui, and A Delgado. September 2009. Shaping the Energy Efficiency in New Buildings: A Comparison of Building Energy Codes in the Asia-Pacific Region, PNNL-122267; US-China Clean Energy Announcements, U.S. Department of Energy press release accessed November 17, 2009.


text:
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CGNA: Chapter 1 - Real Estate | Advanced, Part 1 of 3
Gifts of non cash assets continues with a deeper and more advanced look at gifts of real estate.
This article is an excerpt from Charitable Gifts of Noncash Assets, a comprehensive guide to illiquid giving by Bryan Clontz, ed. Ryan Raffin. Published by the American College of Financial Services for the Chartered Advisor in Philanthropy Program (CAP), with generous funding from Leon L. Levy. For a free digital copy, click here, and to order a bound copy from Amazon, click here.
By Dennis Bidwell and Bryan Clontz1
Below is an in-depth examination on gifts of real estate. Real estate topics are based on the following paper I co-authored with Dennis Bidwell, "Converting Real Estate Wealth to Gifts – Opportunities and Challenges." For quick take-aways on gifts of real estate, see Real Estate Quick Take-Aways. For a review based on that article, see Real Estate Intermediate. For an in-depth examination adapted and excerpted from the article, see Real Estate Advanced. For further details, see Real Estate Additional Resources or cross reference to the asset's ownership entity (e.g., LLC, Limited Partnerships, etc).
This section looks more closely at the magnitude of the real estate gift opportunity, reviews the types of real estate assets and the various structures through which they are owned, examines key issues and challenges faced by organizations that seek and accept real estate gifts, and reviews various mechanisms for receiving real estate gifts.
Real Estate: The Opportunities
The nonprofit world is increasingly aware that most donors have more of their wealth in real estate than in any other asset type. In fact, about 30 percent of the nation's private wealth is in real estate, compared to 16 percent for equities and mutual funds, 20 percent in pension funds and life insurance reserves, and just 11 percent in cash and equivalents.2 Other data points which show the potential of real estate gifts are as follows:
- The total amount of U.S. privately-held real estate is approximately $26.9 trillion. Interestingly, nonprofit organizations own $3.3 trillion of real estate.3 World-wide, real estate represented 54 percent of total developed country wealth in 2002.4
- The total value of all U.S. publicly-traded stocks (NYSE, NASDAQ, etc.) is approximately $27 trillion as of the end of 2016.5
- A Wall Street Journal article estimated that real estate only represented two percent of total charitable donations.6
- In 2004, total real estate gifts were $3.1 billion from more than 25,000 donors, with 36,000 distinct contributions and an average gift over $85,000 (the average was $172,000 for gifts exceeding $5,000). This represented slightly more than one percent of total 2004 giving. In 2003, approximately the same number of donors made contributions of real estate, but the total was nearly double, amounting to $6 billion in contributions (these amounts exclude conservation easements). Interestingly, closely held stock gifts were more than $15 billion in 2004, or five times all real estate donations in that year.7
Conservation Easements
A few words about conservation easements may be valuable. Generally speaking, only qualified conservation 501(c)(3) organizations — typically land trusts — and governmental bodies or agencies will accept "gifts" of conservation easements. These easements are essentially a donation by way of permanent restriction on the use of land or structures. They are an exception to the partial interest rule, where no deduction is available for gifts of less than an entire interest.
The owner(s) of the real property enter into a contract with the conservation organization agreeing to limit the use of the property in perpetuity (the easement). In doing so, the owner(s) bind themselves and all future owners to the use limitation specified in the easement contract. This can sharply limit the fair market value of the property, particularly if the limitation is on commercial development, and so the owner is entitled to a deduction equal to the decline in value. Further, the owner may exclude the property, up to a certain amount, from his or her estate for tax purposes.
Stated simply: These figures show that the total value of all privately-held real estate is approximately double that of the entire publicly-traded stock market, yet represents less than three percent of all charitable gifts. Why, if 29 percent of the nation's private assets are in real estate, has so little of this real estate come to nonprofits as gifts? Certainly much of the disparity between the amount of real estate wealth in the country and its share of total giving has to do with the backgrounds and comfort zones of development personnel. Real estate has traditionally loomed as a very different, more complicated, less liquid asset, requiring expertise gift officers often do not develop.
Real estate gifts often have risks and complications, and the classic real estate donation "horror stories" will reinforce those existing preconceptions. There can be no doubt that these stories, shared among colleagues at other institutions, help to perpetuate the belief that real estate gifts tend to be "more trouble than they are worth."
On the other hand, many institutions have stories (usually less well-circulated) of successful real estate gifts that proved extremely lucrative while being very satisfying to the donor. Many nonprofit organizations have enjoyed great success in attracting real estate gifts as part of their development operations. Of 590 respondents to the National Committee on Planned Giving's recent Survey on Real Estate Gifts (NCPG Survey),8 74 (12.8 percent) reported that in the last three years more than 10 percent of the total gifts to their organization, in dollar terms, have come in the form of real estate gifts. Indeed, 38 respondents (6.6 percent) reported receiving more than 15 percent of their total contributions in the form of real estate gifts.
Real Estate Taxation Summary: From the Perspective of the Donor and the Charity
Real estate comes in many types, and each type has a number of ownership forms. The various real estate types and forms of ownership can create an array of tax consequences. For the purposes of this section, remember: if the most efficient charitable gift nearly always comes from the lowest adjusted cost basis, highest capital appreciation property held for the long-term, then real estate is clearly tailor-made for charitable giving.
If the owner sells real estate, the general real estate taxation rules are as follows:
- The owner can receive long-term capital gains tax treatment on real estate held more than one year. Under current tax rates, this would generally equate to either 15 or 20 percent federal tax plus any applicable state income tax. To the extent the donor had a negative adjusted cost basis in the property, the IRS generally taxes any recapture at capital gains tax rates as well. Do note that it is particularly important to seek specific tax counsel for the gift the donor is considering.
- If the owner has any unrecaptured depreciation Section 1250 gain in the property, the income tax rate is 25 percent.9
- If the owner used an accelerated depreciation schedule, then the IRS generally taxes any recapture beyond straight-line depreciation amounts at ordinary income rates.10
- If the owner had furnished the property, the IRS would tax any gain on tangible personal property at 28 percent federal tax plus any applicable state income tax.
If the owner instead donates real estate, the general charitable income tax deduction rules instead are as follows:
- Charitable gifts of long-term, unencumbered real estate to a qualified public charity allow the donor to receive a deduction of fair market value. The deduction is limited to 30 percent of adjusted gross income with a five-year carry-forward.
- The same donor giving piece of real estate to a private foundation would receive a deduction based on the lesser of the fair market value or the adjusted cost basis. Regulations limit the deduction to 20 percent of adjusted gross income limitations with a five-year carry-forward. Note that real estate may be conducive for testamentary funding of a private foundation to the extent the property receives a stepped-up basis.
- Regulations reduce any charitable income tax deduction for any ordinary income element of the gift.
- If the real estate has any debt — recourse or nonrecourse — the donation will trigger bargain sale rules (as well as a sale to charity for below market value). This results in part-gift and part-sale treatment. To determine the indebtedness the donor realizes, the formula is: Cost Basis x Selling Price (Acquisition Indebtedness in this case)/Fair Market Value = Basis Allocation. Then Selling Price – Basis Allocation = Taxable Gain. The charitable income tax deduction is the Fair Market Value – Selling Price. For a complete explanation see IRC Section 1011(b).
From the charity's perspective, the main tax issue is unrelated business taxable income (UBTI), which gives rise to unrelated business income tax (UBIT). The charity can trigger this treatment if the real estate represents an unrelated business (e.g., a golf course), or if the property has debt financed income.
There are two exceptions to this UBTI rule. The first is debt financed income where the debt was placed on the property more than five years prior to the donation and the donor owned the property for at least five years. This is known as the "old and cold" exception. In this case, the charity has ten years to dispose of the property before it triggers any UBTI. The second exception is where the donor bequeaths encumbered property to the charity. The IRS allows ten years to dispose of the property before UBTI applies.
As it relates to charitable remainder trusts, keep in mind that any UBTI the trust realizes post-January 1, 2007 results in a 100 percent excise tax. While certainly harsh, it no longer automatically disqualifies the trust, so relatively small amounts of UBTI now represent new planning opportunities under the right set of facts.
Remember that there are a number of planning strategies to reduce or eliminate real estate debt for both outright or deferred gifts. The simplest solution is for the donor to pay off the debt. The donor can also try to arrange for a release of the security interest and then can place the debt on a different property. Or, the donor can obtain a bridge loan to pay off the debt, or a margin loan on a securities portfolio, prior to making the transfer. And finally, the charity can buy the debt encumbered proportional interest from the donor and then subsequently sell its interest to recoup the investment.11
Real Estate Risk Continuum
Charitable organizations are increasingly receptive to real estate gifts. In the NCPG Survey, 22 percent of respondents said they were more receptive to such gifts in recent years, compared to only four percent who said they were less receptive. However, the perceived risks and complexity of accepting real estate gifts causes many organizations to devote the bulk of their development resources to the pursuit of cash, securities and retirement fund assets.
What follows is a risk continuum for various kinds of real estate contributions. Clearly, each charity will have its own risk tolerance level with various real estate scenarios, but the continuum can be excellent starting point for gift acceptance discussions, policy drafts and risk management strategies. Donors will also find the continuum applies in terms of the real estate gift's potential headache. The following 20 real estate cases are subjectively ranked from 1, being the least complex/risky, to 5, the most complex/risky.
Level One
1. Outright gift of local residential property or LLC/limited partnership interests with no debt and a nonbinding "buyer-in-the-wings."
Level Two
2. FLIP-CRUT gift of local residential property or LLC/limited partnership interests with no debt and a nonbinding "buyer-in-the-wings."
3. Outright gift of local commercial or agricultural property, or LLC/limited partnership interests with no debt and a nonbinding "buyer-in-the-wings."
Gifts of Timeshares
From a tax perspective, a timeshare is simply an undivided fractional interest in real estate. For this reason, the IRS allows the donor of a time-share to take a charitable deduction of fair market value. This is one area where difficulty arises — the fair market value of a timeshare in an arms-length transaction is often de minimis.
Another problem with gifts of timeshares is that charities are typically unwilling to accept an asset with limited market value but considerable maintenance fees. Many nonprofits specifically exclude timeshares in their gift acceptance policies for this reason. A nonprofit may be happy to accept the use of a timeshare for a week (as an item in a charity auction, for example), but this is not an ownership interest, nor is it eligible for a deduction.
Plus, it is important to note that virtually no time-share has ever increased in value so it is better for the donor to sell it directly.
Level Three
4. Outright gift of partial interest in undivided real estate.
5. Outright gift of nonlocal residential or commercial property (LLC/limited partnership/fee simple) with no debt and no "buyer-in-the-wings."
6. Any real estate transaction where donor wishes to make multiple donations to multiple charities.
7. Charitable gift annuity the donor funds with real estate.
8. Real estate charitable installment bargain sale.
9. Any residential or commercial property the owner has listed for sale for more than one year, or has listed several times for sale in the recent past, or has lowered the price several times.
Level Four
10. Operating partnership units from UPREIT exchange.
11. General partnership interests with real estate.
12. Any non-U.S. real estate.
13. Charitable gift annuity issued for retained life estate.
14. Commercial property with multiple tenants or apartment complexes.
15. Charitable remainder annuity trust fund with real estate.
16. Asset donation from a business entity with multiple owners.
Level Five
17. Any real estate donation that triggers unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) — operating business or acquisition indebtedness.
18. Any real estate donation with environmental issues.
19. Any real estate donation with legal issues.
20. Any real estate donation involving three or more layers of entities.
Of course, a charity can (and should) determine its own risk tolerance for various types of real estate and then can develop acceptance policies, legal structures, and referral relationships for anything the charity is uncomfortable accepting.
- 1. This chapter excerpts and adapts Bidwell, D. and Clontz, B. (2008) "Converting Real Estate Wealth to Gifts – Opportunities and Challenges,"The Journal of Gift Planning, 3rd Quarter, http://charitablesolutionsllc.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Converting_....
- 2. Federal Reserve, Balance Sheet of Households and Nonprofit Organizations, March 6, 2008, www.federalreserve.gov/releases/Z1/20080306/z1r-5.pdf
- 3. See https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/current/html/l101a.htm
- 4. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estate in Market Sector Value section
- 5. See https://www.world-exchanges.org/home/index.php/files/52/Annual-Statistic....
- 6. Martinez, B., "Plan for Donating Real Estate Gains Momentum," Wall Street Journal, October 13, 1999, page A2.
- 7. See http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-soi/04innoncash.pdf
- 8. See Bidwell, D. (October, 2008), "Charitable Gifts of Real Estate – Findings from a National Survey," Journal of Gift Planning, http://www.bidwelladvisors.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/Charitable-Gif...
- 9. See Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997.
- 10. For an excellent discussion on the technical aspects of depreciation and charitable gifts, see "Real Estate Depreciation Issues for Charitable Contributions and Charitable Remainder Trusts" by Tom Wesley, CPA published on the Planned Giving Design Center - http://www.pgdc.com/pgdc/article/2002/02/real-estate-depreciation-issues...
- 11. These strategies come from Charitable Business Planning – The Sole Proprietorship, Crescendo's Gift Law Pro Article of the Month.


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Brandon Marshall really wanted to see the football more.
It came his way plenty Thursday night.
Brandon Marshall desperately needed a Bears victory.
He helped provide it.
With a pair of glowing green cleats and two crowd-pleasing touchdown catches, Marshall lit the wick for Week 6 in the NFL, catalyzing a 27-21 defeat of the Giants at Soldier Field.
After several days of Marshall mood checks and nonstop debate around Chicago about the mercurial receiver's true intentions and vacillating feelings, Thursday became a showcase of Marshall's elite skills.
His athleticism was obvious on his first catch, a leaping 20-yard grab over Antrel Rolle.


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A Consulting Firm Attempts a Transition to Open Source Health Software (Part 2 of 2)
Andy Oram is an editor at O'Reilly Media, a highly respected book publisher and technology information provider. An employee of the company since 1992, Andy currently specializes in open source, software engineering, and health IT, but his editorial output has ranged from a legal guide covering intellectual property to a graphic novel about teenage hackers. His articles have appeared often on EMR & EHR and other blogs in the health IT space. Andy also writes often for O'Reilly's Radar site (http://oreilly.com/) and other publications on policy issues related to the Internet and on trends affecting technical innovation and its effects on society. Print publications where his work has appeared include The Economist, Communications of the ACM, Copyright World, the Journal of Information Technology & Politics, Vanguardia Dossier, and Internet Law and Business. Conferences where he has presented talks include O'Reilly's Open Source Convention, FISL (Brazil), FOSDEM, and DebConf.
The previous section of this article covered the history of HLN's open source offerings. How can it benefit from this far-thinking practice to build a sustainable business?
The obvious place to turn for funding is the Centers for Disease Control, which lies behind many of the contracts signed by public health agencies. One way or another, a public health agency has to step up and pay for development. This practice is called custom-developed code in the open source policy memorandum of the federal Office of Management and Budget (p. 14 of the PDF).
The free rider problem is acute in health care. In particular, the problems faced by a now-defunct organization, Open Health Tools, were covered in another article of mine. I examined why the potential users of the software felt little inclination to pay for its development.
The best hope for sustaining HLN as an open source vendor is the customization model: when an agency needs a new feature or a customized clinical decision support rule, it contracts with HLN to develop it. Naturally, the agency could contract with anyone it wants to upgrade open source software, but HLN would be the first place to look because they are familiar with software they built originally.
Other popular models include offering support as a paid service, and building proprietary tools on top of the basic open source version ("open core"). The temptation to skim off the cream of the product and profit by it is so compelling that one of the most vocal stalwarts of the open source process, MariaDB (based on the popular MySQL database) recently broke radically from its tradition and announced a proprietary license for its primary distinguishing extension.
Support has never scaled as a business model; it's very labor-intensive. Furthermore, it might have made sense to offer support decades ago when each piece of software posed unique integration problems. But if you create good, modern interfaces–as Arzt claims to do–you use standards that are familiar and require little guidance.
The "open core" model has also proven historically to be a weak business model. Those that use it may stay afloat, but they don't grow the way popular open source software such as Linux or Python do. The usual explanation for this is that users don't find the open part of the software useful enough on its own, and don't want to contribute to it because they feel they are just helping a company build its proprietary business.
Wonks to the Rescue
It may be that Arzt–and others who want to emulate his model in health care–have to foster a policy change in governments. This is certainly starting to happen, as seen in a series of policy announcements by the US government regarding open source software. But this is a long road, and direction could easily be reversed or allowed to falter. We have already seen false starts to open source software in various Latin American governments–the decade of the 2000s saw many flowery promises these, but hardly any follow-through.
I don't like to be cynical, but hope may lie in the crushing failures of proprietary vendors to produce usable and accurate software for health care settings. The EHR Incentive Programs under Meaningful Use poured about 28 billion dollars into moving clinicians onto electronic records, almost all of it spent on proprietary products (of course, there were also administration costs for things such as Regional Extension Centers), with little to show in quality improvements or data exchange. The government's open source initiatives, CONNECT and Direct, got lost in the muddle of non-functional proprietary EHRs.
So the health care industry will have to try something radically new, and the institutions willing to be innovate have their fingers on the pulse of cutting-edge trends. This includes open source software. HLN may be able to ride a coming wave.


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Historic City News has learned that the Republican Liberty Caucus of Northeast Florida in Jacksonville would host a speaker at their meeting on September 11 from Restore Justice 2012; an organization working to deny three Florida Supreme Court justices new terms on the high bench.
"Judicial activism" is an alternative term for "legislating from the bench" and refers to actions by judges that are seen as pushing the judge's personal agenda; overreaching the enabling legislation that applies to the legal matter before them.
Jesse Phillips told reporters that the initial tour of his grassroots organization will reach out to tea party and other conservative groups and will reveal the results of a six-point "Merit Retention Score Card" that sharply attacks the voting records of Justices R. Fred Lewis, Peggy Quince and Barbara Pariente.
"There are a lot of people who are very frustrated about how difficult it is to find any credible information about judges," Phillips said. "The only group that really seems to do much is the legal community; of course, they tend to produce overwhelmingly positive reviews of these justices."
If you plan to attend, the meeting will be held on Tuesday, September 11, 2012, at VenturePlex; located at 7235 Bonneval Road in Jacksonville. Social Hour will begin at 6:00 p.m. followed by the meeting and presentation at 7:00 p.m.
Phillips hopes that St Johns and Duval County members and their guests are already wary of lawyers, in general, and their wealthy political organizations, in particular — and will pay heed to the "Merit Retention Score Card" that flunked all three justices on some major issues.
Those included:
• the 2000 presidential litigation
• removal of a constitutional amendment allowing you to opt-out of Obamacare
• rulings against the death penalty and criminal convictions
• revising rules on liability lawsuits
"We have one of the most judicial-activist courts in the nation," Phillips said. The group gave Pariente and Quince "F" grades on all points, while Lewis got a "D" on only one, revising liability lawsuit rules, and "F" marks on all the others.
In the 2000 presidential litigation, the Florida justices sided with Democrat Al Gore on two separate challenges — only to be reversed by the US Supreme Court. Aside from their decisions on the bench, the three justices were hurt politically by a complaint that they used court employees to file their campaign papers; hurriedly on the last day of qualifying.
Governor Rick Scott ordered an investigation by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement, which found no illegality. No justice has been kicked off the court in almost 40 years since Florida switched to merit retention votes, instead of competitive elections.


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The Havelock Rams posted its second consecutive shutout in beating Swansboro 57-0 in a Coastal 3A Conference game Friday at Havelock High.
For video highlights, click here. http://widget.newsinc.com/_cfvp/playlist16x9_player.html?CID=15348&WID=25274&VID=25250908&freewheel=91764&sitesection=havenews_hom_non_fro&external_url=http://www.havenews.com/
Friday truly was Senior Night at Havelock High School, as Ram upperclassmen turned in big play after big play in a 57-0 Coastal 3A Conference victory over Swansboro.
Senior running backs Derrell Scott and Taylor Woods tallied scores, and senior twins Jordan and Julian Cuthbertson each recovered a fumble. Junior Matthew Boykin scored three touchdowns.
Havelock coach Jim Bob Bryant said he got choked up when he brought up his seniors to the front of the locker room before the game.
�Every one of them that dressed out tonight started and played key roles in the game,� Bryant said. �It�s a great group of seniors, and we�re really going to miss them not only as players, but also as people and leaders of our football team.�
And it was senior Julian Cuthbertson who got the top-ranked Rams (8-0, 3-0) going early, recovering a fumble when Swansboro (5-3, 1-2) tried a hook-and-ladder trick play on its first offensive play.
�I saw him catch the ball, and he tried to pitch it, so I just hit him before he could pitch it and the ball landed on the ground,� Julian Cuthbertson said. �I noticed it and just jumped on it.�
The fumble recovery helped set up Travis Sabdo�s 31-yard touchdown pass to Kyran Bowman for Havelock�s opening score just 1:37 into the game.
Boykin returned a Swansboro punt 51 yards for a touchdown, and Joey Godette then tackled Swansboro�s Deandre Thompkins in the end zone for a safety, giving Havelock a 15-0 lead. After the free kick, Sabdo threw 10 yards to Boykin for a 22-0 Havelock lead after the first quarter. Sabdo was 11 of 19 for 162 yards and three TDs.
�I thought we played really well, offense, defense and special teams,� Bryant said. �We scored in all three phases again. Defense got a safety, we had a punt return for a touchdown and scored on offense. Anytime you get a special teams touchdown and defensive points, that�s usually pretty good.�
Jordan Cuthbertson recovered his fumble in the second quarter, setting up Derrell Scott�s 14-yard touchdown run.
�The receiver ran an out route and caught it,� he said. �I tried to come in and make the hit. I wrapped the guy up, and I thought the play was over, and I turned around and saw the ball laying there spinning, and I just jumped on it before it went out of bounds.�
Woods added a 3-yard TD run as Havelock led 36-0 at halftime.
�That�s a back-to-back state championship team for a reason,� Swansboro coach Tim Laspada said. �They�re a great coaching staff over there, probably one of the better ones in the state, and Coach Bryant has them going good, and I wish them the best.�
In the third quarter, Sabdo threw 19 yards to Boykin for a score, and Taron Wallace and Montrece Gatling added rushing touchdowns, providing the final margin in Havelock�s 22nd consecutive victory.
Scott led the Rams with 194 yards rushing on 18 carries, part of Havelock�s 374 rushing yards. Boykin caught six passes for 63 yards.
Havelock�s defense surrendered just 26 total yards and three first downs in posting its fourth shutout of the season.
Bryant gave credit to his players and assistant coaches.
�My assistant coaching staff does a great job,� Bryant said. �I�ve got the best assistant coaching staff in the state. Offensive assistants, defensive assistants � those guys come to work every week, put in long hours with little pay, but I�ve got a great staff and they do a great job getting our players ready to play each week.�
For Havelock�s seniors, it was their 50th victory on an emotional night.
�I�m just happy for our seniors,� Bryant said. �I�ve got a good group of seniors, good leaders, and all of them are great kids. I made sure I told them in the locker room that I�ve never had a call from a teacher about any of those guys cutting up in class. I�ve never had to worry about their grades. I�ve never had to worry about them getting in trouble in school. They�re just a real good core group of seniors, and we�re going to miss them.�
Havelock is scheduled to play White Oak at 7 p.m. Friday in Jacksonville.
Swansboro 0 0 0 0 �0
Havelock 22 14 21 0 �57
First Quarter
H � Kyran Bowman, 31-yard pass from Travis Sabdo, Dylan Baker kick, 10:23
H � Matthew Boykin, 51-yard punt return, kick failed, 8:15
H � Deandre Thompkins tackled in end zone for safety, 3:21
H � Boykin, 10-yard pass from Sabdo, Baker kick, 1:08
Second Quarter
H � Derrell Scott, 14-yard run, Baker kick, 6:59
H � Taylor Woods, 3-yard run, Baker kick, 3:45
Third Quarter
H � Boykin, 19-yard pass from Sabdo, Baker kick, 10:25
H � Taron Wallace, 24-yard run, Baker kick, 7:50
H � Montrece Gatling, 3-yard run, Baker kick, :45


text: The Liberal BeeJays hit two grand slams in the first three innings on the way to a 10-5 victory over the Dodge City Athletics in Jayhawk League action Wednesday night at Cavalier Field. BeeJays' catcher Sam Pack had the first inning grand slam, while Tanner Kirk cleared the bases in the third with his shot over the fence in the third as the BeeJays beat Dodge City for the fifth time in seven games this season. All 10 runs were scored off Athletics' starter Ryan Petersen. Petersen gave up nine hits and two walks while striking out three. Nine of the 10 runs were earned. Kirk scored Liberal's first run when he singled and later scored on an error by Dodge City third baseman Dillon Engelhart. Pack later hit his home run to push the BeeJays ahead 5-0 after a half-inning. Dodge City (15-21, 8-18) came back with three runs in the bottom of the frame on a solo home run by Engelhart and a two-run home run by Andrew Bynum. Pack got another RBI in the third before Kirk hit his grand slam to increase the margin to seven for the BeeJays (17-16, 13-16). The Athletics concluded the scoring with a RBI double by Cody Voelker and a run-scoring sacrifice fly by Scott Loper. Cody Tillotson was the winning pitcher for Liberal. The Athletics battle at Liberal tonight before hosting a three-game league series against the Wellington Heat.


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A Teacher Quality Primer
For Michigan School Officials, State Policymakers, Media and Residents
While it is true that Michigan students learn a variety of skills in their time at school, perhaps the most important charge of public schools, beyond providing a safe and healthy environment, is to ensure that students are learning "the three R's." Unfortunately, the achievement levels of Michigan public school students raise doubts about the quality of public education in the state. This volume has been written to assist local and state policymakers who want to initiate and support teacher quality reforms to improve Michigan's primary and secondary schools.


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What to do in Aberdeen
Cadona's Amusement Park
Codona's Amusement Park is family run amusement park based in Aberdeen, Scotland. It was established by the Codonas Family in 1969 and is currently ran by the third generation of the family. It is situated adjacent to the Aberdeen Beach and Queens Links on the coast of the North Sea. http://www.codonas.com/
Aberdeen Maritime Museum
Aberdeen has long prospered off of sea-based industries, from the boom of the city's fishing industry in the early 20th century to its oil industry today; this museum explores the historic developments behind the city's maritime industries. http://www.aagm.co.uk/venues/aberdeenmaritimemuseum/amm-overview.aspx
Balmedie Beach
Balmedie is a flat, sandy blue flag beach with sand dunes to the rear of the beach. Explore miles of beautiful flat sandy beach, located only 5 miles from Aberdeen.You can walk either north or south for several miles. Access is via the car park along board walks, through the dunes to the beach. Facilities also include a ranger centre, toilets and shops. https://www.aberdeenshire.gov.uk/countryparks/locations/balmedie.asp
Johnstone Gardens
A city garden with streams, waterfalls, ponds, rockeries and rustic bridge that help to make this one of the most charming areas in the city. The garden is planted with rhododendrons, spring bulbs, heathers and alpines; the ponds are full of irises, aylesbury, mallard and muscovy ducks. This garden is well loved by bridal couples for photographs of their day. Facilities include children's play area and toilets. http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/community_life_leisure/parks_open_spaces/pos_johnstongardens.asp
The Gordon Highlanders Museum
The Gordon Highlanders Museum is committed to preserving and sharing the legacy of the world-famous Gordon Highlanders for future generations. Based in the heart of north-east Scotland, in the beautiful former home of prominent Scottish artist, Sir George Reid, the Museum is constantly evolving. http://www.gordonhighlanders.com/
King's College Chapel
This historic building is the centrepiece of the University of Aberdeen's Old Aberdeen campus, often known as the King's or King's College campus.
The focal point of the college, as well as its oldest building, is the late 15th century King's College Chapel. A number of other historic buildings remain, with others being subject to renovation and rebuilding in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the early 20th century, a great deal of expansion saw the university buildings increase around the historic college buildings. In the later 20th century, the university expanded dramatically in size, dominating Old Aberdeen and expanding out from the High Street with a number of modern buildings. http://www.abdn.ac.uk/chaplaincy/chapel/
His Majesty's Theatre
His Majesty's Theatre offers a magical experience to all who attend and a visit will guarantee you leave with more than you expected. Enjoy the pre-show buzz of anticipation in the foyer, take in the awe-inspiring beauty of the auditorium, listen to the orchestra tuning up and then feel the excitement when the lights down for showtime. After the performance you'll leave with an overwhelming feeling of enjoyment and will want to tell everyone about your visit. http://www.aberdeenperformingarts.com/venues/his-majestys-theatre
Duthie Park Winter Gardens
The David Welch Winter Gardens at Duthie Park are one of Europe's largest indoor gardens and Scotland's third most visited gardens.
It boasts a beautiful floral paradise all year round with many rare and exotic plants on show from all around the world. Come and visit the Temperate House, Corridor of Perfumes, Fern House, Victorian Corridor, Japanese Garden, Tropical House and Arid House, which has one of the largest collections of Cacti and Succulents in Britain. http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/community_life_leisure/parks_open_spaces/pos_duthiepark.asp
Provost Skene's House
Visitors can admire an unusual series of religious paintings in the Painted Gallery and enjoy changing displays of dress in the Costume Gallery. Built in the 16th century, Provost Skene's House is one of Aberdeen's few remaining examples of early burgh architecture. The building has been altered several times, particularly in the 17th century. In the 1930s the adjacent houses were demolished, but Provost Skene's House was saved and the interior refurbished. The atmosphere of the 17th century is recreated in the Great Hall, Parlour and Bedroom with furnishings and paintings of the period. This contrasts with the refined style of the 18th century Dining Room and Bedroom. The 17th century Tea Room offers a variety of snacks, small meals and traditional home bakes as well as wine and Fairtrade Costa Coffee. http://www.aagm.co.uk/Venues/ProvostSkenesHouse/psh-overview.aspx
Hazlehead Park
Hazlehead Pets Corner is a visitor attraction within Hazlehead Park featuring many different animals, both large and small, that children like to see.
Included amongst the animals are: rabbits, chinchillas, miniature donkeys, tropical fish, ducks and peacocks. http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/community_life_leisure/parks_open_spaces/pos_hazleheadpark.asp
For those who like to play golf there is a huge number of courses to choose from:
Trump International Golf Links Scotland: http://www.trumpgolfscotland.com/Default.aspx?p=DynamicModule&PageId=278788&ssid=153035&vnf=1
Royal Aberdeen Golf Club: http://www.royalaberdeengolf.com/home.aspx?i=no
Murcar Links Golf Club: http://www.murcarlinks.com/
Kings Links: http://www.kings-links.com/
Castle Tour
Aberdeen and the surrounding area has a huge selection of castles for visitors to explore. Full details can be found on the Visit Scotland website. http://www.visitscotland.com/about/history/castles/


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Lebron James Practicing Wit His Kids Before The All Star Game!
"Just before playing in the NBA All Star game on Sunday, LeBron James got some practice in with a couple of tough opponents: his two sons. " - Yard
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Digitizing Your Own Books Becoming Popular In Japan
from the expect-a-backlash dept
What's interesting is how this is boosting ancillary businesses: specifically there's a strong demand for scanners that make it easier to scan and backup your books. In Japan, digitizing your own books for personal use is apparently legal under that country's copyright law, but some publishers are getting worried about this practice and are considering what to do about it. And, of course, some copyright "experts" are already saying that Japanese copyright law needs to be updated to deal with this.
Or, perhaps, just this once, we shouldn't change copyright law to limit what new technology allows, and recognize that maybe, just maybe, this action is showing what people want, which book publishers haven't been fulfilling.


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Oman bank
Oman bank to maintain easy policy
Oman's central bank is likely to keep its policy stance accommodative to boost confidence in the non-oil sector, although inflation may rise due to government spending to rein in social tensions. The Sultanate, hit by social unrest eaMore…
Oman's new bank to launch IPO next year
Oman's Al Izz International Bank, a lender under formation in the sultanate, plans to launch an initial public offering (IPO) in the third-quarter of 2011, its spokesman said on Sunday. The new financial institution, whiMore…
Top Oman banks see surge in Q3 profits
Two of Oman's biggest banks, Bank Muscat and Bank Dhofar, posted a rise in third-quarter earnings raising hopes for a positive year-end close for the country's banking sector. Bank Muscat, Oman's largest bank by market value, sMore…


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Metatext: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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** [http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Inform_7_for_Programmers Inform 7 for Programmers]
** [http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Inform_7_for_Programmers Inform 7 for Programmers]
*** [http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Inform_7_for_Programmers/Part_1#In_a_Nutshell In a Nutshell]
*** [http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Inform_7_for_Programmers/Part_1#In_a_Nutshell In a Nutshell]
** [http://www.firthworks.com/roger/cloak/inform/index.html Cloak of Darkness] Several example scripts.
** [http://www.firthworks.com/roger/cloak/inform/index.html Cloak of Darkness] Several example scripts.
* [http://www.ifarchive.org/indexes/if-archiveXinfocomXinterpreters.html Interpreters for numerous platforms]
* [http://www.ifarchive.org/indexes/if-archiveXinfocomXinterpreters.html Interpreters for numerous platforms]
Version vom 6. April 2011, 14:53 Uhr
"Suddenly the ambient lights begin to flash in every color of the rainbow and the NPCs start to gather debris and take empty Club Mate bottles to their final destination. With a shudder you realize that it's 11:00pm. Again..."
The 5th anniversary Metalab text adventure! Let's you literally explore the location retro style. You'll know your way around even before you've ever set a foot into the real Metalab!
"You take the red pill and swallow it. Seconds later your surroundings crystallize into an IDE and a natural scripting language that presents you a with a peek into the source of everything(TM)!"
I stumbled upon another unique scripting language today: Inform 7. What makes it special is that the instructions read like a natural language. I am fascinated. It rocks!
Example Code
This actually compiles, albeit I've already found several bugs/misconceptions. Can you spot them?
"Metalab" by "Tessellated and hopefully you :)" The story headline is "Anniversary in Progress". Chapter 1 - Awakening in the Lounge Part 1 - When play begins, say "You wake up with a headache. The room is gently spinning around your head." The Lounge is a room. "Media, games and smoking room. The exit is to the south." There is a couch in the Lounge. The couch is enterable and fixed in place. The description is "It's dirty and there are footprints on it." A table is here. The description is "It's a classic from IKEA." A netbook is on the table. The description is "It's your netbook. Gibson's Ono-Sendai looks like a kid's toy compared to your netbook." The ashtray is on the table. The table is fixed in place. Instead of taking the table, say "Naa, this table has found it's place already." The couch can be sat on. The Player is on the couch. An ashtray is on the table. A lighter is on the table. The description is "Its big, transparent and looks empty." ...
"After an endless period of lying wake and staring at the alarm clock's leds, sleep finally arrives and you dream of..."
We need a better title but...
...right now we need:
- generic and funny descriptions of the rooms.
- ...
- puzzles. User needs to
- lazzor something.
- print out a registration form.
- ...
The ultimate goal could be to start a project... or...
>_ (Your Input Appreciated)
Edit this page to your liking, slack another day!
"Your webbrowser is running already. Enter the site you wish to visit."
- The Craft of the Adventure One of the first publications of interactive fiction theory. (pdf)
- Interactive fiction What this is all about.
- Z machine A little history.
- Inform on Wikipedia.
- Inform 7 Main site of the scripting language. Packages for many systems available.
- online docs
- The Inform 7 Handbook Written with young people's reading levels in mind.
- Inform 7 for Programmers
- The Syntax Crib syntax reference (txt)
- Cloak of Darkness Several example scripts.
- Interpreters for numerous platforms


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You'll find other Lift and Carry pictures dotted around the web site, under various classifications, because some pictures fit into more than one category. For example, look at the Bearhugs
Also, be sure to check out the Lift and Carry Video theatre, and the Lift and Carry videos in the Shopping Mall.
Next part of this gallery
The other Art Galleries
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BRISTOL, T.N. - King College waited until the final seconds to take the only lead of the game as Kalen Collins hit a basket with three seconds left to lift the Lady Tornado to 65-64 victory over Pfeiffer (N.C.) University on Friday night. This was the season opener for both teams as King went to 1-0 while Pfeiffer starts 0-1. Collins, a junior forward from Wise, Va., finished with six points in the contest as she was 3-for-5.
Pfeiffer had the ball with under 30 seconds left and after a time out, Domonique China was trapped in the corner and stepped across the half-court line turning the ball over to King. Brooke Johnson (Roan Mountain, Tenn.) had a shot within 10 feet and King got the offensive rebound with 5 seconds left. On the inbounds play, Derika Mooney (Athens, Tenn.) shoveled a pass to Collins in the paint for the eventual game winner. It was Mooney's fifth assist which was a game best. Devona Knight's 35-foot attempt at the buzzer fell harmlessly to the ground.
Six straight points by the visitors after King tied the game at 2-2 in the early moments. The Lady Tornado got within two, 10-8, but the lead ballooned back to eight. Eventually King trailed by as many as 14 as Pfeiffer doubled up the score with 7:51 left in the half.
Five straight King points got the deficit under double-digits. The margin got with six, 31-25, with just over four minutes on the clock after Ashley Deans (Greeneville, Tenn.) hit a three from the right corner. The visitors took a 40-29 lead into the locker room at halftime.
In the final half, King cut the lead down to two on two occasions, but never could come closer. With under four minutes left Pfeiffer built a 62-53 lead thanks to seven straight points. From that point to the end of the game King outscored the Lady Falcons 12-2 with the final two from Collins.
Deans poured in a team-high 23 points for King. She had four points in the final four minutes as well after being held to six first-half points. Johnson finished with a dozen points along with eight rebounds, three assists and a steal.
Knight led all scorers with 27 points. She was 10-for-18 from the field and 7-for-11 at the free-throw line. China poured in 15 points while Christina Harvey had a double-double with 11 points and 11 rebounds.
The Lady Tornado was half and half from the field. King went 27-for-54 (50.0 percent) in the game, 12-for-24 (50.0 percent) in the first half and 15-for-30 (50.0 percent) in the second half. Pfeiffer finished the game 26-for-59 (44.1 percent). In the opening half the Lady Falcons went 15-for-29 (51.7 percent) and in the last half Pfeiffer cooled down to 11-for-30 (36.7 percent).
Points in the paint changed things for King. In the first half King had six points in the paint while Pfeiffer had 10. The second half saw the Lady Tornado score 20 points in the paint and holding Pfeiffer to eight.
The Lady Tornado used the bench for 17 points with no bench points coming from the Lady Falcons. Cheyenne Thornsberry (Bristol, Tenn.) had eight points off the Lady Tornado bench.
King committed 21 turnovers while forcing 13. Both teams scored 11 points off turnovers. However, in the first half Pfeiffer scored 10 points on 14 Lady Tornado turnovers.
The home team had one more 3-pointer, 5-4, than Pfeiffer. Two of the Lady Tornado's long range baskets came from newcomer Jana Gross (Dayton, Ohio).
The rebounding battle went to King, 40-27, including an 11-8 advantage on the offensive glass. The Lady Tornado tallied 13 second-chance points off the offensive rebounds.


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Electronic-Acoustic and quiet music for a Logo Opener or Logo Idents.
Used in the following ProjectCalm Logo Reveal by Kpa
Newest Track
You're welcome to use any of our Music track in your Project. Just link to the music in your description, and write us an e-mail so we could update Our music description with the link to your Project.


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product description
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Description: Miyabi Kaizen knives blend the tradition of Japanese bladesmithing with the excellence of German engineering. This next generation of Miyabi knives, made in Seki Japan, combines the greatest hardening technology with the artistry of traditional craftsmanship.
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My friends and I are celebrating a birthday during Coachella weekend and all went in on tickets. We were a little late on getting camping passes but were able to book a hotel room. Camping would still be our first choice and would be willing to purchase your camping pass and trade over our hotel reservations for you if you need it.
We're booked at the travelodge just under three miles away from the venue. If you have a serious offer, please get back to me.


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Facilitating the spread of knowledge and innovation in professional software development
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As part of our core values of sharing knowledge, the InfoQ editors were keen to capture and share our book and article recommendations for 2018, so that others can benefit from this too. In this second part we are sharing the final batch of recommendations
Tanya Reilly discusses her research into how the fire code evolved in New York and draws on some of the parallels she sees in software. Along the way, she discusses what it means to be an SRE, what effective aspects of the role might look like, and her opinions on what we as an industry should be doing to prevent disasters.
Leonardo Trujillo overviews how GP can be used to solve ML tasks intended as a starting point for applied researchers and developers.
Mik Kersten has published a book, Project to Product, in which he describes a framework for delivering products in the age of software. Drawing on research and experience with many organisations across a wide range of industries, he presents the Flow Framework™ as a way for organisations to adapt their product delivery to the speed of the market.
The fact that machine learning development focuses on hyperparameter tuning and data pipelines does not mean that we need to reinvent the wheel or look for a completely new way. According to Thiago de Faria, DevOps lays a strong foundation: culture change to support experimentation, continuous evaluation, sharing, abstraction layers, observability, and working in products and services.
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One of the most useful and versatile tools available, Change Bags offer an easy and effective method for productions, vanishes, changes and much more.
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Michael J. Fox's now-canceled television show told the story of a television reporter with Parkinson's disease who thanks to the marvels of medical science is able to resume work after a multi-year layoff. Though the premise of "The Michael J. Fox Show" was certainly heartwarming, it doesn't represent the real-world experience of many people with the incurable neurological disorder. I have Parkinson's disease and thought the show was mediocre even tough I really wanted to like it. From CBS MoneyWatch:. "This was within a week of having my job review in which he told me how well I was doing my job and giving me a raise," she wrote in an email. "This produced such sadness I just wanted to die. It took me http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M_5EHJOjlE well over a year to start feeling good about myself."
Forget "The Michael J. Fox Show", Working With #Parkinson's Isn't Easy


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A Florida Highway Patrol lieutenant didn't have any formal training or know the procedures before he reopened a fog- and smoke-shrouded highway, investigators said in a report released Thursday.
TALLAHASSEE | A Florida Highway Patrol lieutenant didn't have any formal training or know the procedures before he reopened a fog- and smoke-shrouded highway where a series of crashes killed 11 people in January, investigators said in a report released Thursday.
The Florida Department of Law Enforcement report concluded troopers made errors but found no criminal violations.
Early in the morning of Jan. 29, wildfire smoke mixed with fog blanketed Interstate 75 near Gainesville where it cut through Paynes Prairie State Park, a low area that lacks billboards or other lighting.
Highway Patrol Sgt. Bruce Simmons was concerned about reopening, but Lt. John Gourley gave the order because he was worried keeping the highway closed also would be dangerous.
At least a dozen cars, pickups and a van, six semitrailers and a motor home collided in six separate, fatal crashes. Some vehicles burst into flames, making it difficult to identify the dead. Eighteen other victims were hospitalized.
"I tried to tell them to leave that 'Sum … buck closed and they wouldn't listen to me," Simmons told a sheriff's deputy in a conversation captured on Simmons' in-car video equipment.
"I said it will roll in faster than you can shut it down," Simmons continued. "This crap wouldn't have happened if he'd have listened."
The report faulted the Highway Patrol for failing to create and implement effective guidelines for such situations and said troopers failed to adequately share critical information among themselves just before the crashes occurred.
It noted, though, that other governmental agencies including the Florida Forest Service and state Department of Transportation supported Gourley's decision to reopen the highway.
Once traffic resumed flowing, the Highway Patrol failed to actively monitor the highway conditions, the report said.
Simmons twice told Gourley about the potential for poor visibility to return. Gourley, though, was worried that keeping the highway closed would result in secondary crashes based on his prior experience investigating such wrecks.
Other factors in his decision were that the major detour route, U.S. 441, also was closed and the only alternative was a two-lane road through a small town that couldn't handle heavy traffic. He also worried that directing drivers onto unfamiliar roads in the early-morning hours would be hazardous.
The report recommends the Highway Patrol clarify procedures in its policy manual and adopt mandatory protocols rather than merely suggesting guidelines. It also called for the state to improve roadway signage that warns travelers of hazards that may lie ahead.
The Florida Legislature already has appropriated $4 million for visibility evaluation equipment and signage to alert travelers on all Florida interstates.
The victims included five people in a van returning to Kennesaw, Ga., from an Orlando church retreat: 43-year-old pastor Jose Carmo Jr., his wife, Arianna, 39, and their 17-year-old daughter, Leticia, as well as Carmo's 38-year-old brother, Edson, and his girlfriend, Roselia DeSilva, 41.
The Carmos were originally from Brazil. Another daughter, 15-year-old Lidiane Carmo, survived.
Seventeen-year-old Sabryna Hughes Gilley died with her father, Michael Hughes, 39, and her stepmother, Lori Lynne Brock-Hughes, 46, in a pickup. They were on their way from Pensacola to Sarasota for a relative's funeral.
Vontavia Robinson, 22, of Williston died when his car crashed into the back of another pickup that had slammed into a semi stopped in the middle southbound lane.
Jason Lee Raikes, 26, and his girlfriend, Christie Diana Nguyen, 27, were killed when their Toyota Matrix crashed in the northbound lanes. Raikes had moved to Gainesville from Richmond, Va., a year earlier to be with Nguyen.
[ Associated Press writer Gary Fineout contributed to this report. ]


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China's October Inflation numbers came in below expectations, proving to be of little concern to the country's policymakers at the moment, but economists warn the inflation rate could double by mid-2013 as growth in the world's second largest economy gains momentum.
The consumer price index (CPI) rose 1.7 percent in October from a year earlier – below forecasts for a rise of 1.9 percent – the lowest reading since February 2010. On a month-on-month basis, CPI declined 0.1 percent – the first fall in four months.
The dip in inflation was driven by food prices, which eased 0.8 percent from September. Non-food prices, however, rose 0.3 percent from the previous month, which is close to the historical average.
"This indicates that there are structural inflationary pressures in the economy, which should drive inflation as growth recovers," Zhiwei Zhang, chief China economist at Nomura, wrote in a note on Friday.
In addition, the slowing pace of decline on the Producer Price Index (PPI) suggests that economic momentum is picking up, he added.
China's PPI fell 2.8 percent year on year in October, compared to a 3.6 percent decline in September. The October PPI numbers are consistent with the recent Purchasing Managers Indices, which showed both input and output price components climbed back above the 50-threshold (which indicates expansion), according to analysts.
Zhang expects inflation to significantly rebound in the first-half of 2013 and monetary policy to shift from easing to tightening. He believes inflation could hit 4 percent by the middle of next year.
Haibin Zhu, chief China economist at JPMorgan agrees that prices pressures are likely to build in the coming months.
"The favorable base effect that has been driving the easing in inflation has disappeared, and food prices may increase again toward the year-end and the Chinese new year (in February)," Zhu said.
While benign inflation creates room for the People's Bank of China to embark on further easing, China, experts believe there is limited scope for additional monetary stimulus this year.
Don't Expect Stimulus
"I don't expect any easing in monetary policy until the end of this year because it would be unnecessary as the economy is recovering," Yao Wei, china economist at Societe General told Reuters.
Other macroeconomic data including industrial production, fixed asset investment and retail sales, due to be released later on Friday, is expected to show the economy is on a path towards recovery.
With low probability of further interest rate cuts this year, Zhu expects the central bank to focus on liquidity management using a combination of reverse repos and a cut to the banks' reverse requirement ratio (RRR). He forecasts the central bank will cut the RRR by 50 basis points by the end of the year.
On the fiscal stimulus side, economists see a near-zero chance of the government rolling out a "big bang" stimulus plan.
(Read More: Changing China: The New Leaders)
"The policymakers have been doing quite a bit in terms of supporting growth by infrastructure spending, and releasing money to the economy, but they don't like the idea of something that has big headlines like the $4 trillion stimulus," said Louis Kuijs, chief China economist at RBS, referring to the stimulus package unleashed by Beijing in 2009 to deal with the fallout from the global financial crisis.