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|Northern Ireland Book Award 2011/12 launches in RBAI library
Wednesday 16th November saw the launch of the third Northern Ireland Children's Book Award in our beautiful Christ Church library. Nineteen of the twenty-six schools participating in the award came to the RBAI to discover which of their 60 plus nominations had made it to the final eight titles on the short-list. The whacky 'Ministry of Pandemonium' by Chris Westwood – a sort of Harry Potter meets Stephen King made the cut as indeed did 'Gangsta Granny' by David Walliams. Historical novels, adventure stories and a science-fiction title were also included in the final eight books.
A literary Mastermind was held with Fergus McMullan 8J beating off fellow pupils James Ritchie (8J) and Daniel Taylor (10P) and the team from Bangor Grammar School to win the mega bar of chocolate on offer.Irish author Oisin McGann was a superb guest speaker and had his young audience in fits of laughter. A great morning was had by all 180 participants who came from as far away as Keady, Strabane and Omagh. For those who would like to follow the NI book award please log on to www.nibookaward.org.uk or contact Mrs Lindsay in the library.
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You know I love me some DIY pillow projects! Aimee from Twigg Studios created a cool pillow with a windowpane effect by weaving together strips of fabric. The intertwined strips give this neutral pillow tons of pizzazz. Aimee's pillow and her Horchow inspiration are practically twinsies!
Aimee was inspired by the Windowpane Pillow from Horchow.
Find Aimee's tutorial at Twigg Studios.

subset: commoncrawl


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I enjoy reading a great deal. I tend to stick to the Fantasy genre. Favorite authors include (but are NOT limited to) Robert Jordan (RIP), David and Leigh Eddings, Steven Brust, Terry Brooks, Terry Goodkind, and Margaret Weis/Tracy Hickman. I'm currently plowing my way through all of the Dragonlance novels (about 160 behind me already) and hope to move toward Forgotten Realms next.
Motoko-chan, don't leave out the Terry Goodkind books I gave you. If I remember right, I gave you the first five of the Sword of Truth series.Those are still on your 'to read' list too.
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SALT LAKE CITY — It's always a crapshoot for cities hosting the NCAA Tournament games as to which schools the NCAA committee will send their way.
You might get schools from the other side of the country that no one's ever heard of, or a big-name school having a so-so year or a team that plays a dull style of basketball.
We didn't find out until the final brackets were announced Sunday afternoon, but you have to say Salt Lake, which has hosted more NCAA games than any city in America except for Kansas City, came out pretty well this year.
The nation's No. 1 team is coming to town along with a couple of very familiar schools from neighboring states, a Big East school, an Ivy League school, a Midwestern school along with a pair of schools from the South that few folks have heard of. OK, you can't have everything.
Topping the list is Gonzaga, which comes into the tournament ranked No. 1 in the nation, the first time that's happened for Salt Lake since 1990 when No. 1 UNLV was assigned to the Salt Lake regional.
Gonzaga started off the season beating Southern Utah by 38 points and along the way defeated BYU by 20 at home and by five points in Provo.
The Zags don't look like your typical No. 1 team. Two of their best players, Kelly Olynyk and Kevin Pangos, are Canadians, and another, Elias Harris, is from Germany, while another starter for half the games this year, Guy Landry Edi, hails from Ivory Coast.
One of the top reserves is David Stockton, who happens to be the son of former Jazz great John Stockton, who will try to get some good vibes from playing in the same building where his father became a legend.
Unlike in 2011 when the NCAA Regionals were played at the EnergySolutions Arena, all things Jazz-related won't be hidden from view. That means John Stockton's retired number along with the banners showing his NBA records for assists and steals will be there for all to see, including the Zags.
Young Stockton isn't a star of the team and has started just one game this year. But he does lead the team in two categories — wouldn't you know it — assists and steals.
Two other teams local fans are quite familiar with are New Mexico and Arizona, which have the most loyal and rambunctious fans in their respective conferences.
The Lobos made annual appearances in Utah for more than 50 years until last year when their longtime opponents — Utah and BYU — left them behind for other conferences. The Lobos were the top team in the Cougars' and Utes' former conference both in the regular season and tournament and could have a legitimate shot at making it to the Final Four.
They'll have to get past Arizona, which is looming as a second-round matchup as the No. 6 seed in the West. The Wildcats played in Salt Lake just a month ago, having a tough time getting past a pesky Ute team.
Arizona will be playing for the fifth time in an NCAA Tournament game in Salt Lake, more than any other school. The Wildcats were a No. 2 seed in 1991 when they won both games, including a second-round win over BYU and freshman Shawn Bradley in his only year as a Cougar. In 1993, the Wildcats were also a No. 2 seed and ranked No. 5 in the country when they came to the Huntsman Center to face little-known Santa Clara, led by Canadian point guard Steve Nash and were shocked 64-61.
In 2000 and 2003, the Wildcats were tournament No. 1 seeds and easily got past Jackson State and Vermont, respectively. In the '03 tourney, they had one of the more memorable games ever at the Huntsman Center when they beat Gonzaga 96-95 in overtime to advance to the Sweet 16.
The best game could be the Pitt-Wichita State game, as 8 vs. 9 games usually are. The Panthers have a 28-point win at Georgetown to their credit, while the Shockers are a well-balanced team from the Missouri Valley Conference that has flown under the radar much of the year.
Belmont is a private Christian university located in Nashville, Tenn., with just over 5,000 undergraduates. They used to be known as the Rebels until that became politically incorrect and are now called the Bruins.
These Bruins could be the dark horse in the Salt Lake Eight, having won at Stanford in the preseason and also at VCU, an NCAA No. 5 seed. Arizona had better be ready or it could be making an early exit.
Harvard is best known for being Jeremy Lin's alma mater, but last year the Crimson made their first NCAA Tournament since 1946. This year they lost two captains to a cheating scandal and weren't expected to fare as well, but came through with another title.
Finally there's Southern U., which played in Salt Lake back in 1985 as a No. 16 seed against No. 1 St. John's. Don't count on an upset by the Jaguars from Baton Rouge, who barely got by a 15-19 Prairie View A&M team, 45-44, to get into the tournament.
It should be a fun week, and by Saturday, we should have a classic matchup between neighbors New Mexico and Arizona in one game and Gonzaga and Pitt in the other for the right to go to the NCAA Sweet 16. If Belmont or Wichita State spring an upset, it means the tournament is that much more exciting.


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Hofstra University
School Information100 Hofstra University
Hempstead, New York 11549
Calendar: Four-one-four plan
Locale: Suburb: Large
Open Admissions: Yes
Sector: Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above
Carnegie Basic: Doctoral/Research Universities
Religious Affiliation: Not applicable
Accrediting Agency: Middle States Commission on Higher Education
Locale: Suburb: Large
Open Admissions: Yes
Sector: Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above
Carnegie Basic: Doctoral/Research Universities
Religious Affiliation: Not applicable
Accrediting Agency: Middle States Commission on Higher Education
Students & Faculty
Total Students
Male Students
Female Students
Total Intl Students
Intl Male Students
Intl Female Students
* All data is provided by the school or compiled from IPEDS as of May 2013
Total Tuition $50,146.00
SAT Scores:
25th-75th percentile
540-630 530-620
ACT Scores:
25th-75th percentile24-27
Note: 25th-75th percentile ranges show the range of scores achieved by the middle 50% of students who were admitted to the school.
Other Requirements:
Degrees & Programs
|Administration of Special Education
|Allied Health Diagnostic, Intervention, and Treatment Professions, Other
|American/U.S. Law/Legal Studies/Jurisprudence
|American/United States Studies/Civilization
|Applied Mathematics, General
|Area Studies, Other
|Art History, Criticism and Conservation
|Art Teacher Education
|Art Therapy/Therapist
|Asian Studies/Civilization
|Athletic Training/Trainer
|Audiology/Audiologist and Speech-Language Pathology/Pathologist
|Banking and Financial Support Services
|Bilingual and Multilingual Education
|Biology Teacher Education
|Biology/Biological Sciences, General
|Broadcast Journalism
|Business Administration and Management, General
|Business Administration, Management and Operations, Other
|Business Teacher Education
|Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services, Other
|Business/Managerial Economics
|Chemistry Teacher Education
|Chemistry, General
|Chinese Language and Literature
|Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, General
|Clinical Psychology
|Community Health and Preventive Medicine
|Computer Engineering, General
|Computer Science
|Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services
|Creative Writing
|Curriculum and Instruction
|Dance, General
|Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, General
|Early Childhood Education and Teaching
|East Asian Studies
|Econometrics and Quantitative Economics
|Economics, General
|Education, General
|Education/Teaching of Individuals in Early Childhood Special Education Programs
|Education/Teaching of Individuals with Multiple Disabilities
|Education/Teaching of the Gifted and Talented
|Educational Leadership and Administration, General
|Electrical and Electronics Engineering
|Elementary Education and Teaching
|Engineering Science
|Engineering/Industrial Management
|English Language and Literature, General
|English Literature (British and Commonwealth
|English/Language Arts Teacher Education
|Entrepreneurship/Entrepreneurial Studies
|Environmental Studies
|Finance and Financial Management Services, Other
|Finance, General
|Fine/Studio Arts, General
|Foreign Language Teacher Education
|Forensic Science and Technology
|French Language and Literature
|Geology/Earth Science, General
|German Language and Literature
|Health Services/Allied Health/Health Sciences, General
|Health Teacher Education
|Health/Health Care Administration/Management
|Hebrew Language and Literature
|History, General
|Human Resources Management/Personnel Administration, General
|Human/Medical Genetics
|Humanities/Humanistic Studies
|Industrial and Organizational Psychology
|Industrial Engineering
|International Business/Trade/Commerce
|International Law and Legal Studies
|International/Global Studies
|Italian Language and Literature
|Jewish/Judaic Studies
|Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching
|Labor Studies
|Latin Language and Literature
|Legal Professions and Studies, Other
|Liberal Arts and Sciences, General Studies and Humanities, Other
|Liberal Arts and Sciences/Liberal Studies
|Management Information Systems, General
|Marketing Research
|Marketing/Marketing Management, General
|Marriage and Family Therapy/Counseling
|Mass Communication/Media Studies
|Mathematics Teacher Education
|Mathematics, General
|Mechanical Engineering
|Mental Health Counseling/Counselor
|Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, Other
|Music Teacher Education
|Music, General
|Natural Sciences
|Physical Education Teaching and Coaching
|Physician Assistant
|Physics Teacher Education
|Physics, General
|Political Science and Government, General
|Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies
|Psychology, General
|Psychology, Other
|Public Relations/Image Management
|Radio and Television
|Radio, Television, and Digital Communication, Other
|Reading Teacher Education
|Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions, Other
|Religion/Religious Studies
|School Psychology
|Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education
|Secondary Education and Teaching
|Social and Philosophical Foundations of Education
|Social Sciences, General
|Social Studies Teacher Education
|Spanish Language and Literature
|Spanish Language Teacher Education
|Special Education and Teaching, General
|Special Education and Teaching, Other
|Speech Communication and Rhetoric
|Speech Teacher Education
|Speech-Language Pathology/Pathologist
|Student Counseling and Personnel Services, Other
|Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Subject Areas, Other
|Teacher Education, Multiple Levels
|Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language/ESL Language Instructor
|Technology Teacher Education/Industrial Arts Teacher Education
|Vocational Rehabilitation Counseling/Counselor
|Women's Studies


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Delve beneath the obvious in Italy, Germany, France and Austria on this Discoveries trip.
"Perfect, exceptional, beautiful"
Gillian, Australia
Based on 367 independent user reviews
19 Days 10 Countries 30 Cities
Departure date
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Please note, the itinerary, meals and highlights may have changed as a result of selecting a new date.
Please check these again before booking this date.
X Days X Countries X Cities
Departure date
London, UK
Return date
London, UK
Beyond the big cities, like Paris and Rome, are this trip's other highlights: cliff-hanging Sorrento, ancient Colmar and cool Cologne may be smaller in tourist numbers, but they're big on personality.
You'll enjoy Insider moments like… digging beneath the obvious at Pompeii, as you walk around the excavations with our expert, who reveals the stories behind the 'objects' they found centuries after Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD.
Trip type: Discovery
Trip code: ETRA
18 hot buffet breakfasts
8 dinners
All transport shown.
What's Included
City tour in Rome, Pompeii, Capri, Florence and Paris
Cruise along the River Rhine and to the Isle of Capri
Orientation of Amsterdam, Heidelberg, Colmar, Lucerne, Innsbruck, Venice, Sorrento, Assisi, Pisa, Monaco, Nice, Avignon and Lyon
See the Lorelei Rock in Rhine Valley, Benedictine Abbey in Monte Cassino, the Vineyards of Burgundy and the Somme Battlefields
View Cologne Cathedral, the ancient sites in Rome and Lion Monument in Lucerne and the White Cliffs of Dover
Visit Vaduz the capital of Liechtenstein, St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, St. Paul de Vence, Beaune and the Eiffel Tower in Paris
What's Included
18 hot buffet breakfasts
8 dinners
What's Included
Audio Headsets for flexible sightseeing
Daily breakfast and an average of 50% of evening meals
Luxury air-conditioned coach with WiFi in most countries or alternative transportation (such as rail journeys)
The services of a Trafalgar Local Host if you stay at Trafalgar's recommended London hotel
Ferry across the Channel from Calais to Dover
Cherry-picked hotels, all tried and trusted
Hand-picked Insider Experiences
Optional Experiences and free time
All porterage and restaurant gratuities
Must-see sightseeing and surprise extras
An expert Travel Director and separate Driver
All hotel tips, charges and local taxes
In addition, Eurostar high-speed train from London to Brussels
London airport transfer service is available to purchase. Conditions apply. See airport transfer page link below for details
VIP entry to many sights
Airport Transfers
Specific transfer information can be found on the airport transfers page
Traditional Europe with Eurostar
Day 1London – Eurostar™ – Brussels – Amsterdam Day 1 - London – Eurostar™ – Brussels – Amsterdam
This morning meet your Travel Director before travelling to London's St. Pancras International to board the Eurostar™ for a high-speed train journey to Brussels. Continue by luxury coach to Amsterdam. Get to know your fellow travellers and Travel Director on a glass-topped boat as you enjoy a Welcome Reception sightseeing cruise along the city's canals which includes a light dinner and welcome drink.
Westcord Fashion
Westcord Fashion
Day 2Amsterdam – Cologne – Rhine Cruise – Rhineland Day 2 - Amsterdam – Cologne – Rhine Cruise – Rhineland
Cross into Germany and stop to view Cologne Cathedral. Embark on a wonderful Rhine cruise from Boppard, past magical castles and steep vineyards to St. Goar, site of the Lorelei Rock. Arrive later at your Rhineland hotel where you dine tonight.
Maritim Rhein-Main Darmstadt
Maritim Rhein-Main Darmstadt
Day 3Rhineland – Heidelberg – Colmar – Engelberg (2 Nights) Day 3 - Rhineland – Heidelberg – Colmar – Engelberg (2 Nights)
View the impressive Heidelberg Castle overlooking the scenic River Neckar. Enjoy an orientation of Colmar before continuing your journey through the Alsace vineyards and across the Swiss border at Basel to Engelberg. Dine tonight at your hotel.
Day 4Lucerne Excursion Day 4 - Lucerne Excursion
View the Lion Monument in Lucerne, built to commemorate the Swiss Guards who died defending Louis XVI, and the famous wooden Chapel Bridge. Spend free time shopping for delicious chocolates before returning to scenic Engelberg.
Optional Experiences
Mount Pilatus And Lake Cruise
We'll ascend by cog-wheel train to Mount Pilatus' summit, where you'll have time to explore, admire the views, and breathe the pure air. Then, we'll descent by cable-car to enjoy a scenic lake cruise. On certain departures this Optional may be operated in reverse.
Adult Price: CHF.112.00
(Price is subject to change)
Swiss Countryside & Carriages
A chance to get to know the Swiss, you'll meet local farmers and enjoy a delightful countryside tour in horse drawn carriages. Soak up the stunning scenery as we trot around a typical rural community, en route to a working farm where you'll savour local drinks and snacks.
Adult Price: CHF.67.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 5Engelberg – Liechtenstein – Innsbruck Day 5 - Engelberg – Liechtenstein – Innsbruck
Admire splendid Alpine scenery en route to the Principality of Liechtenstein stopping in the capital, Vaduz. Cross the border into Austria and follow the Arlberg route through the Tyrol to Innsbruck. View the famous Golden Roof during your orientation of this beautiful town.
Grauer Bär
Grauer Bär
Optional Experiences
Tyrolean Evening With Dinner
You'll enjoy a delicious meal of traditional Tyrolean cuisine before a lively folklore show, where singers, dancers and musicians dressed in national costume provide an evening of entertainment and fun. Drinks are included.
Adult Price: €67.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 6Innsbruck – Venice (2 Nights) Day 6 - Innsbruck – Venice (2 Nights)
Cross the 190m/620-foot high Europa Bridge, follow the Brenner Pass into Italy through the foothills of the Dolomite Mountains to the magical city of Venice. This evening consider taking a gondola ride along the city's romantic network of canals while listening to Italian melodies.
Quattro Fontane
Quattro Fontane
Optional Experiences
Gondolas & the Grand Canal
On arrival in Venice, a private boat will be waiting to take you to St Mark's Square, where you'll enjoy a gondola ride while being serenaded by local musicians. Later, private water taxi's will take you along Venice's Grand Canal, where you'll admire the magnificent palazzos and Rialto Bridge.
Adult Price: €70.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 7Venice Orientation and Free Time Day 7 - Venice Orientation and Free Time
Cruise by private launch to St. Mark's Square and hear the unique history of this beautiful Byzantine city. View the famous Bridge of Sighs and the ornate Doge's Palace. Enjoy a Cultural Insight into the Venetian tradition of glass making on Giudecca Island. Spend the afternoon exploring on your own. You might like to take a cruise around the lagoon or shop for souvenirs in the 'calle'.
Optional Experiences
Hidden Venice & St. Mark's Basilica
Experience magnificent St. Mark's Basilica and its glittering gold mosaics the best way possible - with VIP entrance and a Local Specialist! Then delve into the city's labyrinth of back alleys and canals, bridges and secret squares - enchanting neighbourhoods that you would never find on your own, all explained and brought to life by a true Venetian!
Adult Price:
(Price is subject to change)
Lagoon Cruise to Burano with Food and Drinks
Join us as we discover the Venetian Lagoon by private boat. You will enjoy a delicious meal with a selection of drinks on the fishermen's island of Burano, famous for its multi-coloured houses - a real photographer's paradise.
Adult Price: €71.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 8Venice – Rome (2 Nights) Day 8 - Venice – Rome (2 Nights)
From Venice across the Veneto and over the Apennine hills, through Tuscany and Umbria, arrive in Rome, the Eternal City. Tonight, why not experience 'la dolce vita' at a pavement café?
Occidental Aurelia
Occidental Aurelia
Optional Experiences
Piazzas and Fountains of Rome
Discover the most charming areas in the city with a Local Specialist. Wander through the labyrinth of narrow streets and beautiful squares of Rome's historic centre, leading to highlights such as the Trevi Fountain and the Pantheon, as well as hidden corners of the Eternal City.
Adult Price: €33.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 9Rome Sightseeing and Free Time Day 9 - Rome Sightseeing and Free Time
Discover the treasures of St. Peter's Basilica including Michelangelo's Pietà with your Local Specialist. Cross the Tiber to see the ancient sites of Rome. See the mighty Colosseum. Enjoy views of the Circus Maximus, former site of chariot racing. Perhaps visit the Sistine Chapel in your free time or shop for the latest fashions on the Via del Corso. Please note: Due to religious celebrations throughout the Holy Year of Mercy the Rome included sightseeing may be modified.
Optional Experiences
Inside The Vatican & Colosseum
We skip the lines at the Vatican Museums for this tour that shows not just remarkable works of art collected and commissioned over the history of the Papacy, but also Michelangelo's amazing ceiling frescoes in the Sistine Chapel. Later we hear fascinating tales of gladitorial combat and more on our visit to the Colosseum, again with time-saving VIP entrance.
Adult Price: €81.00
(Price is subject to change)
Roman Delights With Dinner
Spend an evening getting to know Rome. We'll take you via coach where you'll have the chance to see some of the city's much-loved sights. Afterwards, you'll enjoy a delicious light dinner of Italian specialities, alongside local music and drinks.
Adult Price: €51.00
(Price is subject to change)
Roman Evening with Dinner
Spend a light-hearted evening with us in Rome. Relax and enjoy typical Italian cuisine with drinks and music. Afterwards, we'll enjoy a drive and provide a glimpse into how Romans enjoy their city.
Adult Price: €61.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 10Rome – Pompeii – Sorrento Day 10 - Rome – Pompeii – Sorrento
Enjoy a scenic drive through the vineyards of Frascati into the Campania region. Meet your Local Specialist for a walking tour of the excavations at Pompeii. Later arrive in Sorrento.
Johanna Park
Johanna Park
Optional Experiences
Amalfi Coast and Positano
Come with us for a drive along the famous Amalfi Coast. You'll have a chance to visit the exclusive artists' paradise of Positano, which is magnificently positioned on the Mediterranean coast.
Adult Price: €43.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 11Sorrento – Capri – Assisi Day 11 - Sorrento – Capri – Assisi
Take the ferry across the sea to the beautiful Isle of Capri. A funicular railway brings you to Capri town where you discover the sights during your walking tour with a Local Specialist. View the restored Abbey of Monte Cassino, perched high on a rocky hill. Arrive later in Assisi where you view St. Francis' Basilica featuring spectacular frescoes by Giotto during your orientation.
Casa Leonori
Casa Leonori
Optional Experiences
Capri Island Cruise & Tour
Spectacular cliffs and the famous turquoise-coloured waters are best experienced with a relaxing cruise around the island to view the beautiful white grotto and unique coastline. Our cruise ends in Capri town, with picture postcard views. Enjoy a lemon granita, a specialty of the island. (This optional is weather-dependent, and may be replaced with a mini bus tour of the island to Anacapri, and a visit of the Villa of Axel Munthe.)
Adult Price: €40.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 12Assisi – Florence Sightseeing Day 12 - Assisi – Florence Sightseeing
Travel through Umbria and Tuscany to Florence, birthplace of the Renaissance. Your Local Specialist shows you the sights including views of the Duomo and Ponte Vecchio bridge as well as visiting Piazza della Signoria during your included walking tour. Learn about the quality and workmanship of one of this city's historic industries at a demonstration of Florentine leathercraft.
Grand Mediterraneo
Grand Mediterraneo
Optional Experiences
Dinner, Wine And Music In The Tuscan Hills
Join us for a scenic drive through the beautiful Tuscan countryside. We will enjoy a meal at a charming restaurant where a selection of regional favourites is served, accompanied by a selection of local wines and live music. A truly unforgettable experience, with an atmosphere that is the essence of all things Tuscan.
Adult Price: €64.00
(Price is subject to change)
Michelangelo's 'David' & Accademia
Enjoy an insight into the world of Michelangelo and his masterpiece, David. We visit the Academy of Fine Arts and its Michelangelo collection, where you'll learn all about the life and works of this immortal Renaissance genius through the expert commentary of our Local Specialist. This optional involves reservations and entrance prepayments. If you decide to cancel this optional, a 50% cancellation fee will be incurred.
Adult Price:
(Price is subject to change)
Day 13Florence – Pisa – Monaco – Nice (2 Nights) Day 13 - Florence – Pisa – Monaco – Nice (2 Nights)
Admire the Leaning Tower of Pisa, one of the oldest structures in the Square of Miracles. Visit Monaco and see the famous Monte Carlo Casino.
NH Nice/AC Marriott Juan Les Pins
NH Nice/AC Marriott Juan Les Pins
Day 14Nice – St. Paul De Vence Excursion Day 14 - Nice – St. Paul De Vence Excursion
Explore St. Paul de Vence, one of the oldest medieval towns in the French Riviera which attracts many artists. Visit a historic perfumery nearby before returning to Nice.
Optional Experiences
Corniche Coastline Drive with Meal
You'll enjoy a scenic excursion along the Riviera corniche roads, with spectacular views of the Mediterranean Sea and one of the most beautiful coastlines in Europe. An unforgettable experience, we'll continue onwards to a local restaurant where you'll enjoy a typical meal of specialities from the region, with drinks included.
Adult Price: €72.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 15Nice – Avignon – Lyon Day 15 - Nice – Avignon – Lyon
See the papal city of Avignon on the River Rhône. Admire the broken bridge − the famous Pont d'Avignon − and the magnificent Papal Palace. Enjoy an orientation tour of Lyon including views of Fourvière Hill and Place Bellecour.
Mercure Saxe Lafayette
Mercure Saxe Lafayette
Day 16Lyon – Beaune – Paris (2 Nights) Day 16 - Lyon – Beaune – Paris (2 Nights)
Cross the beautiful Rhône Valley. Visit the charming village of Beaune, the wine capital of Burgundy and home to one of the key wines of France. This evening in Paris consider a trip to one of the city's most famous cabaret shows.
Pullman La Defense
Pullman La Defense
Optional Experiences
Moulin Rouge Cabaret And Dinner
Enjoy dinner and cabaret, including wine and champagne, at the world-famous Moulin Rouge – the original Paris cabaret. Immortalized by the award-winning film of the same name, this Parisian institution features 60 dancers and entertainers and over 1000 costumes!
Adult Price: €162.00
(Price is subject to change)
Nouvelle Eve Cabaret And Dinner
One of the oldest and most elegant revue theatres in Paris, Nouvelle Eve is a hidden gem, where you'll meet the Director and two of the cast members before enjoying a four-course dinner with wine. You will then experience unparalleled Parisian entertainment – including the world-famous Can-Can.
Adult Price: €139.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 17Paris Sightseeing and Free Time Day 17 - Paris Sightseeing and Free Time
Your sightseeing with a Local Specialist includes the Champs Élysées, Place de la Concorde and the Arc de Triomphe. Admire the skyline from the second level of the Eiffel Tower with an included visit. Celebrate with your companions and Travel Director this evening at a Farewell Dinner.
Optional Experiences
Notre Dame And Latin Quarter
A guided drive through Paris' bohemian Left Bank with our Local Specialist brings us to amazing Notre Dame to discover one of the world's most famous Cathedrals and the epitome of Gothic architecture. Afterwards, take a stroll through the delightful Latin Quarter, a medieval maze of winding cobblestone alleyways where you'll have free time to enjoy the sidewalk bistros, boutiques and hidden squares.
Adult Price: €33.00
(Price is subject to change)
Seine Cruise And Paris Illuminations
Paris at night is a city transformed. Enjoy this superb 'City of Light' on a leisurely cruise along the River Seine. Afterwards, as we drive through this amazing city, we'll stop at some vantage points for you to capture the fascinating sights on camera. In summer, this trip may take place before sunset.
Adult Price: €38.00
(Price is subject to change)
Versailles Palace And Gardens
Built for the Sun King, Louis XIV, the Palace of Versailles was the envy of every European ruler. Your Local Specialist will take you through the State apartments and famous Hall of Mirrors, with free time to stroll the symmetrical tree-lined gardens. Please note: this optional is subject to availability and involves reservation and entrance pre-payments. Cancellation within 24 hours will incur a 50% cancellation fee.
Adult Price: €65.00
(Price is subject to change)
Day 18Paris – Eurostar™ – London Day 18 - Paris – Eurostar™ – London
Transfers provided to Paris Gare du Nord station where you board the Eurostar™ train to London. The journey time to London St. Pancras International is 2 hours and 15 minutes. On arrival in London you are transferred to your hotel.
Thistle Euston
Thistle Euston
Day 19DEPART LONDON Day 19 - DEPART LONDON
Enjoy an English breakfast at the end of your holiday.
Cultural Insights
Witness the exquisite craft of glassblowing on Giudecca Island, a delicate tradition that generations of Venetian craftsmen have perfected over the centuries. The scents of France are yours to enjoy at Fragonard, a famous French perfumery that has been creating perfumes since the 1920s
Hidden Treasures
Enjoy at least one surprise Hidden Treasure
Local Specialists
For included sightseeing in Rome, Pompeii, Capri, Florence and Paris
Find out what makes Trafalgar different.
Because you looked at Traditional Europe including Eurostar
Our best deals and offers
from our brochure
What's Included
City tour in Rome, Pompeii, Capri, Florence and Paris
Cruise along the River Rhine and to the Isle of Capri
Orientation of Amsterdam, Heidelberg, Colmar, Lucerne, Innsbruck, Venice, Sorrento, Assisi, Pisa, Monaco, Nice, Avignon and Lyon
See the Lorelei Rock in Rhine Valley, Benedictine Abbey in Monte Cassino, the Vineyards of Burgundy and the Somme Battlefields
View Cologne Cathedral, the ancient sites in Rome and Lion Monument in Lucerne and the White Cliffs of Dover
Visit Vaduz the capital of Liechtenstein, St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, St. Paul de Vence, Beaune and the Eiffel Tower in Paris
What's Included
18 hot buffet breakfasts
8 dinners
What's Included
Audio Headsets for flexible sightseeing
Daily breakfast and an average of 50% of evening meals
Luxury air-conditioned coach with WiFi in most countries or alternative transportation (such as rail journeys)
The services of a Trafalgar Local Host if you stay at Trafalgar's recommended London hotel
Ferry across the Channel from Calais to Dover
Cherry-picked hotels, all tried and trusted
Hand-picked Insider Experiences
Optional Experiences and free time
All porterage and restaurant gratuities
Must-see sightseeing and surprise extras
An expert Travel Director and separate Driver
All hotel tips, charges and local taxes
In addition, Eurostar high-speed train from London to Brussels
London airport transfer service is available to purchase. Conditions apply. See airport transfer page link below for details
VIP entry to many sights
Airport Transfers
Specific transfer information can be found on the airport transfers page
Why Trafalgar?
Simply AuthenticEnjoy
Enjoy the wonder of travel, crisscrossing the globe through the seasons. On effortless adventures in breathtaking new horizons, forge lifelong friendships and memories. Our lovingly crafted itineraries are a fascinating mosaic of cultures, flavours, festivals and local stories. We're with you all the way, guiding you and ensuring you experience the real thing: the sheer love of travel, entirely hassle-free.
Simply AuthenticLove... Travel
"Is simply the best way to position what our guests love to experience and what we love to deliver" - Gavin Tollman CEO
Simply AuthenticMeet
Meet warm-hearted locals and like-minded travellers. Along your journey of discovery, stop to share stories and flavours with local farmers, chefs and winemakers. Pause to admire the handicrafts and rich traditions of amazing artisans. Explore the essence of Europe through captivating accounts shared by expert historians and savvy local guides.
Simply AuthenticTaste
Travelling with your tastebuds, treating them to new flavours, spices and textures along the way. From the very first breakfast to the last nightcap, travelling through Europe indulges your palate, with every meal an opportunity to discover regional fare. Savour each new flavour, try the local tipple and take home fresh culinary inspiration. Let us share our love for food and hospitality with you.
Simply AuthenticUnwind
Once you've packed your suitcase, we take care of the rest, removing all your concerns so that you can be secure in the knowledge that an award-winning global company with an impeccable reputation has taken care of every little detail. We arrange everything you'll need along your journey - meals, accommodation and travel logistics, because we are with you all the way. Travel the world with peace of mind, knowing you're in the hands of Trafalgar.
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Crew cabins can convert to the guest cabin. Same size as like as guest cabins.
Timber and plankings are pine wood.
Hull has been covered 8mm mahogany and epoxy laminate.
Cabin ceilings covered with polyester
New Passarella
Heads renewed.
Deck settee renewed
Interior varnish renewed
She has got good charter records. All maintenances regulary serviced.
Please Contact For Further Information.
Operating nearly for 30 years and a long time member of TURSAB, ASTA and UFTAA; Gino Group is well established company with the worldwide reputation as a leading yacht agency in Turkey. We are based in Marmaris/Netsel Marina, the heart of yachting tourism in Turkey and we have branches in Istanbul, Kuºadası, Bodrum, Göcek, Marmaris-YalancıboÄŸaz and a representation office in Antalya and the dealer of BENETTI Yachts and BAIA Yachts Turkiye. Our target is always for excellence and we are proud of the fact that GINO GROUP today is one of the largest and most influential companies in the Turkish Yachting Industry.
Beam : 6.30 m
Draft : 2.50 m
Design : Custom
Keel : Full Keel
Deck : Acajou
Internal Design : Black Pine
Rig : Ketch
Fuel Capacity : 800 lt
Water Capacity : 8000 lt
Holding Tanks : 2500 lt (Polyster)
Engine Type : MAN
Engine Power : 420 Hp
Engine Date : 1997
Overhauled :2016
Battery Charger : Yes
Batteries : Engine And Service Batteries
Generator : 7.0 kW Yanmar
Inverter : Yes
Chain : Galvanized Chain
Windlass : ELectric
Dinghy : Joker
Outboard : Yamaha 6 HP
Fire Exting : Yes
Life Raft : Yes
Life Jackets : Yes
Sun Awning : Sun Awning
GPS : Garmin
Compass : Plastimo
TV/Stereo : TV / Stereo
Music System : CD Player and Speakers
Cooker : Yes
Hob/Stove : Yes
Refrigerator : 2 x Yes
Deep Freezer : 2 x Yes
Ice Maker : Yes
Cabins/Berths : 6/12
Saloon : Yes
Bathroom : 6+2
Crew Quarters : 2/3
Cabins : 2 x Double Cabin, Fwd, Ensuite
2 x Double Cabin, Midships, Ensuite
2 x Double Cabin, Aft, Ensuite
Toilet Type : House Type
Crew Accomm. : 2 x Crew Cabins For 3 Crews (Convertible to the Guest Cabin)
Sails : Genoa
Mast : Steel
Netsel Marina


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Masque Racing Grey Seat Cover
Premium quality material
By Masque
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Description & Features+
Masque seat covers are made using premium-grade materials to create a high quality design for your car, truck or SUV. Masque seat covers fit almost any vehicle to give the interior an updated look and feel. The premium, high quality fabric has a tailored European inspired design to look like original seats in your car. Thick 3mm foam and reinforced heavy duty straps ensure long-lasting comfort in your vehicle. With a TUV tested and approved Clix System, the side airbags in your vehicle work exactly how they're supposed to with Masque seat covers. At Masque we take pride in making our products using the highest quality material on the market. Most other seat cover companies buy cheap, low grade materials made from a mass-produced manufacturing plant. Only the finest material is used from beginning to end when making our products. Since we know everything that goes into our products is first-rate material, we know you'll be completely satisfied with your purchase. Made with high quality machinery using premium-grade materials, Masque products are durable, of the highest quality and the top choice for consumers looking for first-class products. With Masque, you get superior products for your money.
From the Manufacturer +
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text:
|2007-04-20, 19:04
|Link #41
Junior Member
Join Date: Aug 2006
There was this scene in Golden Boy when he was racing against a bike on his motorcycle. It was so hilarious. So I was drawing similarities between Golden Boy and this anime because of that.
PS. I don't like this anime already because of its cliche name. It puts me off.
|2007-04-20, 21:53
|Link #42
Join Date: Oct 2006
Very odd first set of episodes...Or rather I guess just mikoto is whats making it feel odd lol. Probably one of the more interesting shonen sports leads ive layed eyes on...Kindof looks like a loon when he paints...Has a tendency to be clumsy and accidently drown in bathtubs. Oh and cant forget his swimsuit fetish and need to not only vocalize said fetish, but also put it to canvas aswell.
Well id say its worth sticking with just to see how in the heck this screwball gets to the point he was at in episode one.
|2007-04-21, 06:48
|Link #44
Junior Member
Join Date: Aug 2006
I just watched the two first episodes, and i wasn't that impressed. The main character was rather annoying and it seemed really inappropriate the way he always thought about Fukazawa in a bathing suit. But i think i will watch some more episodes, since i really like cycling alot.
|2007-04-21, 07:22
|Link #45
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2006
How long does it take to substitute sport for the story in the manga?
|2007-04-21, 09:33
|Link #47
Senior Member
Join Date: Nov 2003
well, this is a sports anime... so of course the main focus will be on the sports o___o;;;
but really... I'd never consider the later developments in this series as "downhill"... >.<''' the romance part may not be the focus, but it's still given attention o__o;; I'd say it's an "uphill", but that's just my opinion.. and, to each his own
|2007-04-21, 10:33
|Link #48
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2006
I've seen too many series become a complete junk due to walking off the extremly convenient way of "concentrating on sports" and negating all other aspects of it that were actually all that was good in it. Eyeshield 21, Initial D, Hajime no Ippo - all these had went down the drain due to this grave error.
Never, ever, should "sport" become the main attraction, it should only be a tool to support character development and a setting for plot advancement.
(substitute "sport" for "combat" for series like Naruto, Bleach or Dragon Ball - those are actually the same kind of long-running shounen titles).
Of course, it is mainly true for longer than 26 episodes productions.
|2007-04-21, 16:15
|Link #49
Join Date: May 2004
Location: Malaysia
Now, I'm not saying that character and story development is not important. It still is. Very much so. Sports alone can only take it so far. Hence, I use the term, "a main attraction", and not "the main attraction". Character and story development makes it a more rounded product. However, it should not be the be-all-and-end-all while relegating sport to the fringes as a support like you think it should be.
What a really good sports anime does is, while having a strong sports focus, folds in huge doses of character and story development into the show seamlessly. The sports element should not just be a support for character and story development but both, the sports element and the character and story development, should be synergistic complements to each other. Neither should dominate but they should weave together to present a comprehensive show.
Eyeshield 21 went way off the wall as it became extremely caricatured the more it went on. Inital D went catering heavily towards the street racing culture at the expense of everything else as it went on. Both ended up focusing on what was the drawing point of the respective shows. In their own way, they are successful shows but not necessarily good ones - that I'm all too willing to concede.
Hajime no Ippo did a far better job in holding itself together towards the end with Ippo's continuing development as a boxer while keeping the action quotient in the boxing matches high. It did do a good job of weaving everything, i.e. the sport, the character development, story development, in seamlessly.
|2007-04-24, 22:35
|Link #53
Senior Member
Join Date: Oct 2006
I'll release the HD raw for 04 after it's out for now enjoy the screen shots , 04 was interesting cuz we a lot of things between them a change in the personality of kouichi and see that fukazawa was a bit worried about him, won't spoil anymore .
|2007-04-27, 00:47
|Link #55
FMP wubber
Join Date: Mar 2007
Age: 34
hmm no release for a while... i'm patient, but what worries me is that a while ago i went to the main subbers board and all these people were bashing their release :/
talk about a good way to not have a group release any more episodes...
|2007-05-01, 12:52
|Link #57
Join Date: Oct 2006
I have no problem with their releases so far, but im also not a perfectionist so meh.
Anyway episode 3 was great...I swear this guy is completely and utterly nuts lol. It'd be a shame if the romance gets downplayed later because so far they've actually done a pretty decent job of it so far...Very natural progression.
|2007-05-01, 17:09
|Link #58
Junior Member
This is the first anime I've seen based on a sports shounen. It's a little cheesier than what I'm usually into (like Berserk and Claymore), but I'm an avid cycling enthusiast myself so the concept of an anime about cycling appealed to me. I noticed that they have real cycling brands and parts like Shimano (you can clearly see them during the end credits in the background), I'm assuming because they're a sponsor or something. And even if it's the biggest cliche of them all, everybody loves an underdog.
Last edited by alanmh; 2007-05-01 at 17:16. Reason: typo
|drama, sports
|Thread Tools


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D-Day 1944 (4) : Gold and Juno Beaches
Operation Overlord, the Allied invasion of Normandy, was the greatest sea-borne military operation in history. At the heart of the invasion and key to its success were the landings of British 50th Division on Gold Beach and Canadian 3rd Division on Juno Beach. Not only did they provide the vital link between the landings of British 3rd Division on Sword Beach and the Americans to the west on Omaha, they would be crucial to the securing of the beachhead and the drive inland to Bayeux and Caen. In the fourth D-Day volume Ken Ford details the assault that began the liberation of Nazi-occupied Europe.
Origins of the Battle
Opposing Commanders
Opposing Armies
Opposing Plans
The Landings Gold Beach
Juno Beach
The First Seven Days
The Battlefield Today


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Tel Aviv, Israel
CEO: Alon Girmonsky
BlazeMeter launched in February 2011 and came out swinging with its cloud-based service for load and performance testing. And the momentum continued with the company revealing in December 2011 that it raked in $1.2 million in venture funding. BlazeMeter's service is based on the Apache JMeter open-source project. It does load and performance testing for Web applications and determines how apps and systems will perform under certain circumstances.


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Denise Jones makes a friend at the age of 3 but left...
sweet dreams
- by dreamer_2546
- Rating:
- Published: 26 Dec 2013
- Updated: 29 Jan 2014
- Status: In Progress
Camila Cabello has a dream. Harry styles can help her get to the dream. but what happens when she has to pay back his way.
Join MovellasFind out what all the buzz is about. Join now to start sharing your creativity and passion
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Mathematical Models and Statistical Methods
Accounting for Geographic Variation in Social Security Disability Program Participation
There is wide geographic variation in Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplementary Security Income participation across the United States. The authors describe the variation. Using data from Social Security Administration reports and results from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey, the authors decompose the geographic variation in program participation into component parts including variation in disability prevalence and variation in program participation among working-age persons with disabilities. The variation in participation among persons with disabilities is further decomposed into socioeconomic subcomponents.
Exits from the Disability Insurance Rolls: Estimates from a Competing-Risks Model
This article explores the causes of growth in the number of disabled workers on the Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) rolls from 1980 through 2010 by estimating the probability of a DI beneficiary's program exit because of recovery, death, or conversion to retired-worker beneficiary. The author uses Social Security administrative data and a competing-risks model to estimate DI exit probabilities by cause and beneficiary sex, age, and disability type. Cumulative exit probabilities are calculated for beneficiaries over their first 9 years on the DI rolls. The author also examines possible changes over time by comparing outcomes for the 1980s with those for the 1990s.
Longitudinal Patterns of Disability Program Participation and Mortality Across Childhood SSI Award Cohorts
This article follows six annual cohorts of childhood Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability awardees between 1980 and 2000, for a time horizon up to 30 years after initial SSI award, in many cases well into adulthood. The authors compare trajectories of successive awardee cohorts as the SSI program evolves from 1980 to recent years. The results show that the proportion of awardees in SSI-only status declines over the life cycle, with over half transitioning to other statuses roughly after 10 to 15 years. Many awardees transition from the SSI program to concurrent or Disability Insurance–only benefit status, and increasing proportions of awardees are deceased or off the rolls and alive. These patterns are common for all awardee cohorts, but there are major changes in trajectories across cohorts. Compared with the early cohorts, the more recent cohorts display sharper declines in mortality and steeper increases in the proportion off the disability rolls for other reasons. These two trends have opposite effects on the duration of disability program participation over the life cycle, with important policy implications.
Recruitment in the Mental Health Treatment Study: A Behavioral Health/Employment Intervention for Social Security Disabled-Worker Beneficiaries
The recent development of evidence-based behavioral health and vocational rehabilitation interventions for persons with serious psychiatric impairments created the impetus for exploring the efficacy of those interventions if they were widely available to Social Security Disability Insurance beneficiaries. As a first step in this endeavor—a multisite randomized trial for providing interventions to beneficiaries with psychiatric impairments—the Mental Health Treatment Study was implemented. The authors report on the subject recruitment patterns for the study, including assessment of take-up rates, and on the statistical analysis of the relationships between beneficiaries' characteristics and the probability of enrollment. Results indicated that take-up rates among potential MHTS subjects with confirmed telephone contacts met or exceeded rates for previous Social Security Administration randomized trials, and beneficiaries with administrative records of recent vocational or labor-market activity were most likely to enroll. The authors discuss implications of their analyses on recruitment in similar interventions in the future.
The Effects of Alternative Demographic and Economic Assumptions on MINT Simulations: A Sensitivity Analysis
The Social Security Administration's (SSA's) Modeling Income in the Near Term (MINT) estimates income/wealth of future retirees. Estimates are based on demographic information from the Survey of Income and Program Participation: individual earnings histories and projections of interest rates, wage growth, mortality rates, and disability rates. Historically, MINT simulations were based exclusively on SSA's Office of the Chief Actuary's (OCACT's) intermediate-cost projections of key demographic/economic variables. The authors present the results of a sensitivity analysis in which they ran MINT using OCACT's low-cost/high-cost projections of mortality and disability trends. Those simulations estimated characteristics of the population aged 65 or older in 2040 under alternative projections of mortality/disability trends. The authors then describe simulations in which future real rates of return on stocks held in retirement accounts differ from the historical mean real rate of return used in baseline simulations. Sensitivity analyses can help MINT users choose model parameters with the greatest impact on simulation results.
Outcome Variation in the Social Security Disability Insurance Program: The Role of Primary Diagnoses
This article investigates the role that primary impairments play in explaining heterogeneity in disability decisions. Using claimant-level data within a hierarchical framework, the author explores variation in outcomes along three dimensions: state of origin, adjudicative stage, and primary diagnosis. The findings indicate that the impairments account for a substantial portion of claimant-level variation in initial allowances. Furthermore, the author finds that the predictions of an initial and a final allowance are highly correlated when applicants are grouped by impairment. In other words, diagnoses that are more likely to result in an initial allowance also tend to be more likely to receive a final allowance.
Workplace Injuries and the Take-Up of Social Security Disability Benefits
Workplace injuries and illnesses are an important cause of disability. States have designed their workers' compensation programs to provide cash and medical-care benefits for those injuries and illnesses, but people who become disabled at work may also be eligible for Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) and related Medicare benefits. This article uses matched state workers' compensation and Social Security data to estimate whether workplace injuries and illnesses increase the probability of receiving DI benefits and whether people who become DI beneficiaries receive benefits at younger ages.
The Sensitivity of Proposed Social Security Benefit Formula Changes to Lifetime Earnings Definitions
Several Social Security proposals have included benefit formula changes that apply to earners above a specified percentage of the combined male and female (unisex) lifetime earnings distribution. This study finds that if Social Security's median unisex average indexed monthly earnings (AIME) amount is used to define an earnings threshold below which benefits will be held unreduced, the percentage of fully insured men subject to benefit reductions (70 percent) will exceed the unisex estimate of the population subject to benefit reductions (50 percent) by 20 percentage points. If policymakers wish to adjust future benefits and focus benefit reductions on middle or high primary or full-time wage earners in a household, the male, rather than unisex, AIME would come closer to achieving such a goal.
Using Matched Survey and Administrative Data to Estimate Eligibility for the Medicare Part D Low-Income Subsidy Program
This article uses matched survey and administrative data to estimate, as of 2006, the size of the population eligible for the Low-Income Subsidy (LIS), which was designed to provide "extra help" with premiums, deductibles, and copayments for Medicare Part D beneficiaries with low income and limited assets. The authors employ individual-level data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation and the Health and Retirement Study to cover the potentially LIS-eligible noninstitutionalized and institutionalized populations of all ages. The survey data are matched to Social Security administrative data to improve on potentially error-ridden survey measures of income components and program participation.
Estimated Retirement Benefits in the Social Security Statement
The Out-of-Sample Performance of Stochastic Methods in Forecasting Age-Specific Mortality Rates
This paper evaluates the out-of-sample performance of two stochastic models used to forecast age-specific mortality rates: (1) the model proposed by Lee and Carter (1992); and (2) a set of univariate autoregressions linked together by a common residual covariance matrix (Denton, Feavor, and Spencer 2005).
Literature Review of Long-Term Mortality Projections
The Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance (OASDI) Trust Funds reports on the current and projected future financial status of the trust funds annually. The Trustees project trust fund finances 75 years into the future. Mortality is one key demographic assumption that feeds into these long-range projections. This article reviews a range of predictions about long-term mortality improvement and assesses where the Trustees' 75-year mortality projection falls within this range. In general, the predictions of future mortality declines in the 2004 Social Security Trustees Report tend to be in the mainstream of professional actuarial and international official government opinion and to be lower than the majority of the small group of demographers who produce comparable estimates.
Statistical Methods for the Estimation of Costs in the Medicare Waiting Period for Social Security Disabled Worker Beneficiaries
This paper presents the statistical methods used to estimate Medicare costs in the waiting period that were presented in text tables 2–3 of Bye and Riley (1989). The first part describes the development of Medicare utilization equations for each Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) program status group. The second part describes how these equations were used to predict expected costs per month and how the monthly estimates were aggregated to yield estimates of costs in the full 2-year waiting period and in the second year only. Finally, there is a brief discussion of the accuracy of the predictions.
Econometric Models and the Study of the Economic Effects of Social Security
A Note on Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Discrete Choice Models from the 1978 Survey of Disability and Work
This paper demonstrates an alternative maximum likelihood procedure for estimating discrete choice models in retrospective samples, such as a model of SSA disability beneficiaries or application status in the 1978 Survey of Disability and Work.
Testing the Predictive Power of a Proportional Hazards Semi-Markov Model of Postentitlement Histories of Disabled Male Beneficiaries
In the Disability Amendments of 1980 (P.L. 96-265), Congress mandated that certain experiments be carried out which are designed to encourage disabled beneficiaries to return to work and save trust fund monies. A research plan has been developed which would offer alternative program provisions, experimentally, to different samples of beneficiaries. An observation period of three to four years will be possible before a report to Congress must be written. However, a period of this length is not sufficient to observe, fully, the postentitlement experience of disabled beneficiaries. In order to estimate the long run effects of the experiments, a method is needed which can project postentitlement behavior beyond the observation period.
This paper tests the ability of proportional hazards semi-Markov model to make accurate predictions in this type of setting. The data are divided into two segments: the first 14 calendar quarters and the last 16 quarters. Various types of rate functions including proportional hazards rate functions are estimated on the first segment, then projected over the entire 30 quarters and compared to the actual data. The proportional hazards rate functions are then used in a simulation to estimate monthly benefit cost to the social security disability trust fund over the last 16 quarters, using an age-dependent, absorbing, semi-Markov model. The model does a very good job of capturing the dynamics of the process and should prove quite useful as one of the major components in an analysis of the Work Incentive Experiments.
Estimation of Disability Status as a Single Latent Variable in a Model with Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes
In this paper, we are concerned with the underlying structure of self-definitions of disability. Our purpose is to identify the contribution of exertional and nonexertional impairment and the contributions of such nonmedical factors as age, sex, and education to the individuals' assessment of their own situations. On a statistical level, we seek to accomplish a substantial reduction of a large number of data items into a form that can be used conveniently in subsequent behavioral analyses.
Economic Forecasting: Effect of Errors on OASDI Fund Ratios
Long-Range Projection of Average Benefits Under OASDI
Countercyclical U.S. Fertility and its Implications
Selection of Simple and Stratified Random Samples of Fixed Size Without Replacement
For the past few years, the Division of Disability Studies has been using simple random and stratified random sampling procedures for many of its studies. The beneficiary sample for the 1978 Survey of Disability and Work was a stratified random sample drawn from the Master Benefit Record. The samples used in the Study of Consistency and Validity of Initial Disability Decisions and the Trial Work Period Folder Study also used simple random sampling procedures. Simple random subsampling has been used to enable multivariate analysis to be performed on files that would otherwise have been too large for existing software.
Because of the Division of Disability Studies' wide use of simple and stratified random sampling designs, software was developed to efficiently accomplish these sampling schemes. This paper describes the algorithm and presents the computer programs that are currently being used in the division.
A Causative Matrix Approach to Mobility Studies
Markov models have been widely used for the analysis and prediction of shifts in population distribution over time. The point of departure for most of these analyses has been the finite state, time stationary Markov chain. The usual Markov chain model has, however, been shown to be inadequate for most social science applications.
This paper presents a particular kind of discrete time nonstationary Markov chain. Such chains will be built using a mathematical quantity called a causative matrix.


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Yes, I'm remembering that I went hyper after the birth of my daughter and ended up on Zoloft because of anxiety which went away when I got my levels fixed. It's funny how you forget these things.
I can't fall asleep even when I get a chance so it's very likely that that's the problem.
Baby has spit up every single time I've fed him this morning and he seems famished so we're going in for a weight check and to see if he's okay. He's been stuffy all week too. I'm frustrated that the LC doesn't seem to care that the latch is shallow and painful, or that it takes him many small meals to get full. All she seems to care about is whether or not he's eating then she washes her hands of him. Grr.
Also I gave baby a new type of pacifier- this has cost a small fortune... he fought it all night then finally took it when daddy gave it to him and his suck was off the next few feedings! Baby can't have ANY artificial nipples without getting confused VERY quickly!! Which is not good for things like spending hours at the hospital for my PP checkup because he'll have to go to that germy place with me.
Anyway, I was fine with safe cosleeping, because it seems so right, I mean did early Hominids have cribs? No, they slept with their babies. All the Anthropological data completely backs up cosleeping as the way to go, but then there was my Ped with this recent study showing that even if you don't smoke, you BF etc, cosleeping is unsafe. I trust Dr Sears and people like McKenna more than some random study based on possibly skewed numbers though because they actually studied the connection between mother and baby. But I want my bed back occasionally.


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NWSB Managing Editor "Q" tells us this week in the NHL four or five days ago ESPN first broke the story about LA Kings forward Dustin Penner and his now famous PANCAKE injury. Alledgedly Penner and his weak back went out while "eating" pancakes. Moral of the story…He needs to stretch more come summer time I think. Were Canucks fans insensitive?
Vancouver Canucks Fans Give Dustin Penner The Syrup
January 19, 2012 By


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Jason & Michael's Beautifully Structured Bohemian
Name: Jason Loper & Michael Schreiber
Location: Rogers Park, Chicago
Size: 800 square feet
Years lived in: Purchased 2 ½ years ago
You might have heard us mention the name Jason Loper around the proverbial water cooler lately, as his repurposed storage and office makeover have been making well deserved waves. He and his husband Michael call Rogers Park, Chicago home and have made quite the little handmade haven, that sports a bright bohemian vibe that packs quite a punch...
Jason is the mastermind behind Zola Jones in Chicago. He slaves away every day behind his sewing machine making most wonderful bags and accessories. When he comes home, he's designed a space that not only reflects their style, but gives everyone a place to take a break and truly enjoy being home!
Every inch of space has been maximized in this 800sqft space. The colors make it come alive and keep it feeling comfortable, cozy and energetic all at the same time. There's lots of little details to catch as you check things out, look for chalkboard paint in the kitchen, a cat door into the pantry, vintage treasures, a closet/office combo, framed out diy silhouettes of the whole family (including the cat!) and best of all fabric wainscoting in the dining room. There's diy around every corner and the touches they bring add personality and truly finish off the space!
AT Survey:
My/Our style: I describe my style as structured bohemian. I like clean, organized and open spaces but I also like to mix patterns and textures.
Inspiration: After being a renter for so long, I was excited to get to PAINT so color has played a large role in our home. Mostly I went with light pastels; the chalkboard paint in the kitchen and dark green in the bedroom are the darkest.
Favorite Element: We intentionally bought a third floor unit for the light and do we ever get it! With east and west facing windows we have light even on dark Midwestern days. My other favorite element is our building's close proximity to the El. When I was a kid in rural Ohio, I couldn't wait to grown up move to a city with public transportation. So in the middle of the night, when I hear the speaker from the train platform announce "bing bong doors closing," I smile.
Biggest Challenge: Staying organized and clutter-free after downsizing from a 1500 sf rental to an 800 sf condo.
Favorite Room: Kitchen/Dining Room. We're inevitably in one of these two rooms – which is why I was confident we could live in a small home when we considered downsizing. I'm usually in the kitchen – cooking, crafting, or cleaning – while The Mister sits with laptop at the table.
What Friends Say: It feels homey and warm.
Proudest DIY: Using the outdoor upholstery fabric as "wainscoting" in the dining room. It was one of the first things I did when we moved in and I still love it. The fabric's texture and deep copper color lend warmth to the room.
Biggest Indulgence: Elfa shelving from Container Store. It is so worth the investment. Sure, Home Depot makes a cheaper version but you really get what you pay for in this instance. Elfa shelving is super durable and easy to install.
Best advice: It can be very difficult to get started on a project. It can feel totally overwhelming until you get started. So just jump in! Take a Friday night, pour yourself a glass of wine, grab a paintbrush and jump into the project. Once you get started it's fun. And if it's not fun, the wine will help.
Had Forever: The vintage Marshall Field's desk is one of the few big, old pieces of furniture we kept after downsizing. It's a little oversized for our space — measuring a massive 38" x 32" — but our love of Chicago history just won't let us give it up. Plus the deep drawers make for great storage space.
Dream source: Jonathan Adler
Reality Source: Alleys and Flea Markets
Just got: The captain's bed — it's a little tall and the kitty makes a great thump! when she jumps off it in the middle of the night, but this one piece of furniture replaces the three pieces we had in the bedroom previously.
Furniture: IKEA, Kane County flea market, Target.com
Accessories: The curtains are handmade by Jason.
Lighting: The fixture in the dining room is from Neiman Marcus, most rooms have can lighting, or ceiling fans. The accent lamps are a mix of vintage and Target finds.
Rugs and Carpets: FLOR
Beds: www.furniture.com
Artwork: I've used a lot of mirrors to decorate in our home – both for vanity and to make the space feel larger. The artwork around is all DIY — from silhouettes in the living room to fabric in the entryway and so forth.
(Thanks, Jason & Michael!)
If you'd like to learn more about Jason's endeavors, check out the links below!
• Zola Jones Designs
• Zola Jones Blog
Images: Jason Loper


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With the upcoming launch of Deus Ex: Human Revolution for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 and PC platforms, GameStop is starting up a program to sell digital versions of PC games within the physical locations of the company. While visitors to the GameStop can accomplish the exact same task on the website, customers interested in the game can apply store credit from trade-ins to the purchase of the digital title. This service is being powered by technology from a recent acquisition, Impulse Inc. The Impulse digital distribution platform is a response to the popularity of Steam as well as the move by Electronic Arts to sell games within a proprietary distribution system called Origin.
As an incentive for those that preorder Deus Ex: Human Revolution, consumers will also receive a DLC pack called Explosive Mission, digital versions of the first two games in the series Deus Ex: Game of the Year Edition and Deus Ex: Invisible War, double points for GameStop PowerUp Rewards members as well as an entry in the Augment Your Living Room Sweepstakes (GameStop PowerUp Rewards members only). The sweepstakes includes a 3D HDTV, surround sound system, home theater seating, all three consoles and a $500 GameStop gift card.
In order to download Deus Ex: Human Revolution on the release date of August 23, users have to download the Impulse client similar to clients from Steam and EA. Publishers that use Impulse can include digital rights management options to protect its software, but PC gaming consumers are often disparaging against any form of DRM. Similar to Steam, the Impulse software allows publishers to include achievements, chat, friends lists, cloud storage and multiplayer lobbies within games. Publishers also have the ability to add more downloadable content to the game through Impulse as well as have access to analytics around consumers and purchase behavior.
Editors' Recommendations
- Get $100 off an Xbox One when you purchase 'Red Dead Redemption 2'
- Best Cyber Monday Deals at Gamestop
- The best Gamestop Black Friday deals of 2018
- GameStop manager marks 'Call of Duty: Black Ops 4' launch by mimicking cover art
- Get an Xbox One S or PlayStation 4 for just $200 at GameStop starting Sunday


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In both the above examples, the run() method is the most important method in the thread classes, it is also the only method that we need to implement in both cases. Why it's only proper to call the start() method to start the thread instead of calling the run() method directly? Because the run() method is not a regular class method. It should only be called by the JVM. Writing thread classes is not about a single sequential thread, it's about the use of multiple threads running at the same time and performing different tasks in a single program. The JVM needs to work closely with the underneath operating system for the actual implementation of concurrent operations. This is how the performance can be improved, and all other benefits mentioned above can be achieved.
You should not invoke the run() method directly. If you call the run() method directly, it will simply execute in the caller's thread instead of as its own thread. Instead, you need to call the start() method, which schedules the thread with the JVM. The JVM will call the corresponding run() method when the resources and CPU is ready. The JVM is not guaranteed to call the run() method right way when the start() method is called, or in the order that the start() methods are called. Especially for the computers have a single processor, it is impossible to run all running threads at the same time. The JVM must implement a scheduling scheme that shares the processor among all running threads. This is why when you call the start() methods from more than one thread, the sequence of execution of the corresponding run() methods is random, controlled only by the JVM.
World of tricky Core Java Q and A Covering Object Oriented Analysis and Design, JVM Internals,Java Language Fundamentals,Datatypes,Keywords,Operators and Assignments,Identifies,Declarations and Modifiers, Conversion,Casting and Promotion, Flow control,Assertions, Exception Handling and Garbage Collection,Objects and Classes), Basic Packages and their classes,JDBC,JFC Swing,Java Server Pages (JSP), Servlets,EJB,JMS,JNDI etc and Open source technologies like Struts,Hibernate,Spring etc
Wednesday, August 10, 2011
Why we call start() method which in turns calls run method, why not we directly call run method ?
Posted by javapeople at 8/10/2011 03:17:00 AM
2 comments:
Thank you,good discussion but i would like to know if by invoking by jvm achieve multiple thread but if we call run() it gives only execute of callers thread.
Sambed Pattanaik
- February 01, 2012 5:31 PM
Excellent answer.....Thank you
- November 20, 2012 9:28 PM
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This FAQ describes our Ratings system and how to use it to decide the grade at which you enter tournaments.
To give UK players information that will help them set their grade when entering tournaments.
Many people don't care, but some do. For those that do care, we seeks to provide meaningful information.
Go tournaments are more enjoyable for everybody if the games are more evenly matched. The only way to achieve this is to match people of the same grade, as far as possible. But this only works if people enter tournaments at fairly accurate grades.
We have a policy for using the rating pages when entering tournaments. This has been used in the following description:
If you're a kyu player then you don't need to use it. There are a few possible reasons why the rating for you may be unsuitable. For example, if you haven't entered a tournament for some time, but have improved a lot through club or internet games, your rating on this page may no longer be correct for you.
Therefore the rating information is discretionary for Kyu players. The answers below give specific suggestions about how to apply it.
We are asking people to be responsible about this. There are some good reasons to differ from the list, but things like "It's time I won a prize" (undergraded) or "I feel like a better class of game" (overgraded) are not among them. Remember the basic theme: make yourself and your opponents happy by playing evenly matched games.
Strong kyu players can enter at 1 dan or 2 dan in extreme circumstances if this is agreed
Players with official dan grades are entitled to enter tournaments at that grade, but are encouraged to enter them at a grade equal to the
The data is taken from the European ratings web site at the date shown at the top of the page (sometime during the night), so may be out of sync with the these pages if any tournaments are processed by the ratings website after this. This should be back in sync within 24 hours.
The grade in this column is the grade the European ratings system last recorded for you. This is the grade at which you entered your last tournament known to the European ratings system, except that, if you entered it at weaker than 20 kyu, the European system records it as 20 kyu. To reflect the fact that they may not be accurate, we display grades of 20K like this.
You do not need to tell anybody, because this column does not affect the calculation of your rating. Just enter the next tournament at whatever is the correct grade for you now, and the next version of the list will reflect your new grade.
The number in this column is your European rating. It is calculated for everyone who enters tournaments in Europe, from their results in those tournaments. If you would like to know how the calculations are done, you can find details at the European ratings web site.
Note: The EGF ratings system describes a correspondence between ratings and nominal grades, such that a rating of 100 corresponds to a nominal 20 kyu and, for each nominal grade stronger than 20 kyu, the rating goes up by 100. These nominal grades do not correspond well to grades used in practice in Europe. To set your grade, use your strength as described below.
It shows the European grade equivalent to your rating, calculated from current European data as described in Technical Stuff. For example:
|2.0 k
|average European 2 kyu
|2.3 k
|weak European 2 kyu
|2.5 k
|half way between European 2 kyu and 3 kyu
|2.7 k
|strong European 3 kyu
And so on.
Strengths weaker than 17.0 k are shown like this to warn you that the figure may be misleading at this level. This is because the European ratings system does not recognise grades weaker than 20K.
This is the date of the last rated tournament you played in—the date when your rating last changed.
This is the total number of rated tournaments you have ever played in. If you have not played in many tournaments then your calculated rating is probably not very reliable.
The important number is your strength. It shows the European kyu/dan grade equivalent to your rating.
This will work well for most people most of the time, except those who are weaker than 20 kyu. The questions and answers below will help you to decide whether this is right for you, and you are always welcome to ask for advice.
You can do so, but at this level there is a risk that the strength figure will be inaccurate and you may end up overgraded. At this level, it is wise to take advice from somebody more experienced who knows you.
No. In a few cases there may be good reasons to differ from the strength shown. The following questions and answers describe some of them. You should do what you believe right.
Yes. Most of us are slightly optimistic about our own ability at times. It is very wise to take advice from somebody else about your grade.
There are two reasons why this might happen. The right thing to do depends on which one applies to your case. You can tell which case applies to you by looking at your balance of wins and losses over a period of time.
Clicking on your name in the ratings list may help you to spot the trend.
If you have only just entered the rating system, your European rating, and hence your strength, will not yet be accurate. It would be wise to wait for a few tournaments to see the trend in your ratings movement.
If you have been in the ratings system for a while, and your strength is still much better than your grade, you are almost certainly undergraded and it is time to promote yourself. As in the previous case, be careful, because the European system can exaggerate undergrading if it has existed for a long time. If you feel the strength may be too high, try a cautious promotion first (rounding down rather than up), and monitor the results in your next two or three tournaments.
Everyone's strength figure fluctuates like this. Sometimes the swing can be quite large. Remember that the strength figure is calculated from your tournament results.
The most important thing for you to do is to make a realistic assessment of whether your grade is stable or improving. The mistake that people make most often is to treat increases in strength as real improvement, but to put drops in strength down to an off day at a tournament. People who make this mistake tend to be overgraded for most of the time.
There are two ways to avoid this mistake: Keep an eye on your tournament results and your strength over a period of several tournaments, perhaps with the help of your graph linked from the rating list, or get advice from someone you know, or see How to Get advice.
If your realistic assessment is that your playing ability is stable or improving quite slowly, the best approach is to be cautious in promoting yourself. Try to get evidence from the results of two or three tournaments (more, for the stronger kyus) before promoting yourself. This way, your promotions will be realistic, and then there is no need to worry about the fluctuations that you may see from time to time.
This can happen as a result of small variations in the European ratings as a whole. You should ignore it.
This list is concerned with tournament entry grades rather than club grades. Club grades are an unreliable indicator of tournament entry grades because:
Gradings on Go servers are very different from European gradings. You should use this list when entering tournaments in the UK and Europe, but use your server rating when playing on a server.
Yes. All players are welcome to enter tournaments at their strength, rounded to the nearest whole number. This includes entering tournaments at dan grades.
You are encouraged to enter tournaments at a grade equal to your strength rounded to the nearest integer. If you have not been given an official grade reflecting your current strength, it should either be because you have not met one of the criteria for awarding one of our dan certificates, or because Council has not met since you did attain these criteria.
However, if you suspect that you might have been overlooked, please contact our Secretary and we will review your case.
Just like everyone else, dan players have their ups and downs. One could be playing below par temporarily for all the usual reasons. We recommend that you enter tournaments at a grade equal to your strength rounded to the nearest integer.
The dan grading committee was dissolved when the current system for awarding dan certificates was adopted in January 2004. The page How the grading committee works has been retained for historical interest, but the system it describes is no longer in operation.
We also have a list of dan diplomas awarded by us.
You only appear on the list if you have played in a rated tournament within the last 24 months.
Note that a few tournaments are not considered by the European rating system, because they don't meet criteria laid down by the EGF for inclusion in the ratings.
Also, remember that only UK players are included in the list.
Yes, it can, but if possible it is better to get it right first time. The name and club information in the list comes from tournament results. When you play in a tournament, take a moment to check your details on the results list during the day, and if there are any errors ask the tournament organiser to correct them.
If incorrect details do get onto the list, then to get them corrected you need to contact the Tournament Results Officer. He will get the correction made, but it will not appear until the next rating list is published by the EGF (please allow several weeks for this).
Also, if you are not a member of a club, or live in a place with no Go club, please specify the name of the nearest town to where you live as your "club" when entering tournaments.
Club games can be misleading for several reasons. See Why shouldn't I just use my club grade?.
Doing this actually distorts the game. For example, a player who is behind may run extra risks to try and catch up. If we take the game score into account, people may be tempted to play, not to win, but to minimise their loss.
There are three reasons:
If the grade is a kyu one or it's a foreign player you should accept the entry at the grade claimed. Changing the grade at which people enter tournaments is strongly deprecated.
If it's for a dan grade for a UK player and above their official strength or official grade then ask them if they have permission from Council to do so. If it's at a level above 2 dan, then it's extremely unlikely that permission will have been given. If they can't confirm such permission then they should be entered at their official strength or 1 Kyu at best.
Be careful when making judgements about other people's grading. Numbers are not everything. As shown above, there can be good reasons for grade to differ from ratings in a number of cases. A likely result of changing people's entry grades would be to discourage entries from people in this position.
The best advice would probably be from an experienced player who knows you. Any member of Council will be also happy to help you.
Our rating list is based on the European Rating List, produced by the EGF. It is updated daily to include results submitted that day. The European Go Ratings web site includes a description of how the system works.
Each time a new European list is published, we download it and calculate the linear regression of rating against grade for the whole of Europe. This straight line fit gives us a method for converting a rating into a corresponding fractional grade. This fractional grade is the strength.
For those who would like to know the formula, your strength is:
strength = (rating - r) / g
The values of r and g in this formula change slightly over time depending on the behaviour of all go players in Europe. The current values are stated below the ratings table.
The whole update procedure is performed automatically by a script that runs overnight. So even if you are desperate to to discover your new rating, there is no point checking the list more than once per day.
Yes. If you click on your name in the rating list, you will be taken to a page containing a graph of your entire rating history.
Also, The European ratings web site provides a file containing the complete ratings history for every person who has ever been in the system. This is a zipped text file. Before you can read it, you will need to unzip it.
The European rating system evaluates results of tournaments using the previous grade achieved by a person if they appeared in the system previously (the entry rating). This means that the rating for rapid improvers will trail the actual strength of the player. To compensate for this if a player enters a tournament two or more grades above the previous tournament then their entry rating is set to the rating for that entry grade, e.g. if you enter at 2 kyu and in the previous tournament you had entered at 4 kyu then your entry rating will be set to 1900.


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Open topic with navigation
Often, sites with even a handful of feeds provide one or more pages listing the feeds, along with links to automatically register those feeds with popular Feed Readers. CommonSpot provides this capability out-of-the-box with the Feed Index Element.
A Feed Index Element is similar to a CommonSpot Page Index Element, but a Feed Index Element produces a list of links to XML Publications that have been marked as supporting syndication (for example the out-of-the-box RSS and Atom feeds).
You can set up Feed Index Elements using extremely targeted searches based on owner, creation date, keywords, category, feed format, feed name, and more. Based on your filter criteria, the listing is automatically generated and displayed, and it is automatically updated when the feeds are added, removed, or updated. Using a simple point-and-click interface, you can customize the look of your feeds with more than a dozen pre-defined options, and link instantly to popular RSS readers such as Google, Windows Live, My Yahoo (out-of-the-box).
Related Links
Feed Index Layout Advanced Properties
Feed Index Rendering Properties
You can download PDF versions of the Content Contributor's, Administrator's, and Elements Reference documents from the support section of paperthin.com (requires login).
Sites upgrading from versions earlier than release 6.0 should review the following (from the support section of paperthin.com - requires login):
For technical support:
Open topic with navigation


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Last month we discussed the importance of properly estimating total labor hours when determining a bid price. However, this is only one step in the process. Accurately estimating the labor cost for a job is just as important, and it can be the difference between making money and losing it.
To determine the estimated labor cost for a job, multiply the total adjusted labor man-hours by the labor rate per man-hour. This is not as easy as it appears. First, you must determine the anticipated labor required to complete the project (total adjusted labor man-hours). Use the time-tested labor units based on the material needs of the project, adjusting those labor units to accommodate the expected working conditions of the job, and then add any additional labor not included in the original take-off (see last month's article, "Labor Hours and the Estimate Summary," page 46).
Second, determine an appropriate labor rate per man-hour. Again, this is not as easy as you might think. You have to decide if you're going to use a shop average labor rate or a weighted job average labor rate. The labor cost per man-hour is significantly different in different areas of the country. For example, in the Southeast, a qualified licensed electrician might have a base pay rate of less than $15 per hour. In the North or Midwest, the base pay rate might be over $50 per hour. Therefore I have elected to use $21 per man-hour for this discussion.
Shop average labor rate
The shop average labor rate can be determined in any number of ways, but I prefer to divide the total field labor cost for the past 12 months by the total number of field man-hours for the past 12 months. See Table 1 for an example of this method.
But be careful! If you bid a commercial job using the average shop labor rate of $19.76 instead of the commercial-job average labor rate of $21, you'll probably get the job, but you'll lose your shirt. The difference between the two figures is especially important when you factor in labor burden, overhead, and profit. If you bid a residential job using the average shop labor rate of $19.76 instead of the residential-job average labor rate of $14.60, you'll have priced yourself out of the market, and you won't get any work.
Job average labor rate
The job average method is one way of determining the labor rate for a job. This method requires you to anticipate the job crew, their skills, and their wage for the duration of the job. To determine this rate, calculate the number of persons on the job and their average rate. Naturally, this requires you to know the difficulty level of the job and how you expect to man the job.
If you incorrectly estimate how the job will be manned, you could end up with an overqualified crew and increased labor costs. At the other end of the spectrum, an incorrect estimate could leave you with a less-skilled staff, and this can result in a significant increase of labor hours and a likely increase in labor costs.
Using the shop average labor rate of $21 for all jobs can present the following problems.
Commercial jobs require highly skilled and experienced electricians. The job average labor rate of $21 (as shown in Table 2) is higher than the shop average labor rate of $19.76.
Electricians working on a residential housing project need not be as skilled. As a result, the job average labor rate of $14.60 (as shown in Table 3) is much lower than the shop average labor rate of $19.76.
Labor Burden
You also must not forget to include in the estimate other related labor costs such as payroll taxes, insurance, vacation pay, holiday pay, sick pay, and pension. Typically, labor burden represents 38% of your total labor cost.
The labor rate that union contractors use in their estimates includes many of the labor burden items discussed above. As a result, the labor rate for a union electrician appears to be much higher than a nonunion electrician. But once labor burden and productivity are factored into the nonunion labor rate, practically no difference in wages exists between highly skilled and productive union and nonunion electricians.
Once you've got the different labor rates straight, estimating your labor costs will be much easier. And with this knowledge, you're ready to tackle next month's topic, material cost.


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Analysis Goes From Sentiment to Emotion
What's next in sentiment analytics? The road's pointing to a deeper understanding of emotions. "We still are clearly at the nascent level regarding text and sentiment analytics," said David Rabjohns, CEO of social intelligence company MotiveQuest, speaking at yesterday's Sentiment Analysis Symposium, the event organized by Seth Grimes' Alta Plana Corp. "There are much higher […]Read More →