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Book of Mormon/Plagiarism accusations/King James Bible
The Book of Mormon contains passages from the King James BibleSummary: Critics of the Book of Mormon claim that major portions of it are copied, without attribution, from the Bible. They present this as evidence that Joseph Smith wrote the Book of Mormon by plagiarizing the Authorized ("King James") Version of the Bible.
Jump to Subtopic:
- Question: Does the Book of Mormon plagiarize the King James Bible?
- Question: Were the Isaiah passages in the Book of Mormon simply plagiarized from the King James Bible?
- Question: Does Helaman 12:25-26 quote John 5:29?
Question: Does the Book of Mormon plagiarize the King James Bible?
The Book of Mormon emulates the language and style of the King James Bible because that is the scriptural style Joseph Smith, translator of the Book of Mormon, was familiar with
Critics of the Book of Mormon claim that major portions of it are copied, without attribution, from the Bible. They present this as evidence that Joseph Smith wrote the Book of Mormon by plagiarizing the Authorized ("King James") Version of the Bible.
Quotations from the Bible in the Book of Mormon are sometimes uncited quotes from Old Testament prophets on the brass plates, similar to the many unattributed Old Testament quotes in the New Testament; others are simply similar phrasing emulated by Joseph Smith during his translation.
Critics also fail to mention that even if all the Biblical passages were removed from the Book of Mormon, there would be a great deal of text remaining. Joseph Smith was able to produce long, intricate religious texts without using the Bible; if he was trying to deceive people, why did he "plagiarize" from the one book—the Bible—which his readership was sure to recognize?
Question: Were the Isaiah passages in the Book of Mormon simply plagiarized from the King James Bible?
Nephi and Jacob generally make it clear when they are quoting from Isaiah
If a Christian is making an accusation of plagiarism, then they are, by the same logic, indicting the Bible which they share with us. Close examination of the Old Testament reveals many passages which are copied nearly word for word including grammatical errors. Micah, who lived hundreds of years after Isaiah, copies word for word in Micah 4:1-3 from Isaiah's prophecy in Isaiah 2:2-4 without once giving him credit.[1] We also find the genealogy from Genesis 5:10-11,36 repeated in 1 Chronicles, much of the history in Samuel and Kings is repeated in Chronicles, and Isaiah 36:2 through Isaiah 38:5 is the same as 2 Kings 18:17 through 2 Kings 20:6.
Although Old Testament scripture was often quoted by Old and New Testament writers without giving credit, Nephi and Jacob generally make it clear when they are quoting from Isaiah. Indeed, much of 2 Nephi may be seen as an Isaiah commentary. Of course, Nephi and Jacob do not specify chapter and verse, because these are modern additions to the text (as Joseph Smith somehow knew). It is ironic that critics of the Book of Mormon find fault with its "plagiarism," even though its authors typically mention their sources, while they do not condemn the Bible's authors when they do not.
Finally, it is obvious that the use of King James language for passages shared by the Bible and the Book of Mormon allows the Book of Mormon to highlight those areas in which the Book of Mormon's original texts were genuinely different from the textual tradition of the Old World which gave us the Holy Bible.
Additionally, the Church has made clear in the 1981 and the 2013 editions of the Book of Mormon [2] in footnote "a" for chapter 12 verse 2 that: "Comparison with the King James Bible in English shows that there are differences in more than half of the 433 verses of Isaiah quoted in the Book of Mormon, while about 200 verses have the same wording as the KJV"[3]
A closer look at these duplicate Isaiah texts actually provides us an additional witness of the Book of Mormon's authenticity
Some question the presence of verses from Isaiah in the Book of Mormon, and assert that many Book of Mormon verses were copied from the King James Bible, which in their view, makes the Book of Mormon a fraud. While this might appear to be true to the casual Book of Mormon reader, a closer look at these duplicate texts actually provides us an additional witness of the Book of Mormon's authenticity.[4]
The 21 chapters of Isaiah which are quoted (Chapters 2-14, 29, and 48-54) either partially or completely, represent about one-third of the book of Isaiah, but less than two and one-half percent of the total Book of Mormon. We also find that more than half of all verses quoted from Isaiah (234 of 433) differ from the King James version available to Joseph Smith.[5] The Book of Mormon apparently follows the King James (Masoretic) text when it conveys the original meaning.
We often find differences in Book of Mormon Isaiah texts where modern texts disagree.[6] One verse (2 Nephi 12:16), is not only different but adds a completely new phrase: "And upon all the ships of the sea." This non-King James addition agrees with the Greek (Septuagint) version of the Bible, which was first translated into English in 1808 by Charles Thomson. [7] Such a translation was "rare for its time."[8] The textual variants in the two texts have theological important and ancient support. John Tvedtnes has documented many in this study of the Isaiah variants in the Book of Mormon. A critic, David Wright, responded to Tvedtnes and Tvedtnes' review of that critic's response can be found here.
Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship, "Was Joseph Smith Smarter Than the Average Fourth Year Hebrew Student? Finding a Restoration-Significant Hebraism in Book of Mormon Isaiah"Paul Y. Hoskisson, Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship, (2016)
The brass plates version of Isaiah 2:2, as contained in 2 Nephi 12:2, contains a small difference, not attested in any other pre-1830 Isaiah witness, that not only helps clarify the meaning but also ties the verse to events of the Restoration. The change does so by introducing a Hebraism that would have been impossible for Joseph Smith, the Prophet, to have produced on his own.
Click here to view the complete article
The chapters of Isaiah actually quoted in the Book of Mormon (chapters 2-14 and 48-54) are those which would have been the most likely to have existed in Lehi's day
It is also significant that the chapters of Isaiah actually quoted in the Book of Mormon (chapters 2-14 and 48-54) are those which modern scholars widely agree correspond closely to the original Isaiah collection and therefore would have been the most likely to have existed in Lehi's day.[9] Could Joseph Smith have known this? If Joseph or anyone else actually tried to plagiarize the Book of Mormon, critics have failed to show the source of the remaining 93% (when all similar texts are removed). A 100% non-biblical book of scripture wouldn't have been much more difficult to produce.
Question: Does Helaman 12:25-26 quote John 5:29?
We must remember that the speaker in this case is Mormon, who was writing more than three centuries after Jesus Christ, and who had access to a large variety of Nephite records
Some claim that Helaman 12:25-26 quotes John 5:29 [10]:
And I would that all men might be saved. But we read that in the great and last day there are some who shall be cast out, yea, who shall be cast off from the presence of the Lord. [26] Yea, who shall be consigned to a state of endless misery, fulfilling the words which say: They that have done good shall have everlasting life; and they that have done evil shall have everlasting damnation. And thus it is. Amen. (Helaman 12:25-26)
It is claimed that the "reading" referred to is from John:
And shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation.(John 5:29:{{{4}}})
The problem with this is that Helaman 12:26 doesn't quote John, but at best paraphrases. The issue is over the word "read" that is used to force the connection. We must remember that the speaker in this case is Mormon, who was writing more than three centuries after Jesus Christ, and who had access to a large variety of Nephite records.
For example, the following Book of Mormon verses are potential sources for these ideas:
3 Nephi 26:5
If they be good, to the resurrection of everlasting life; and if they be evil, to the resurrection of damnation....
Mormon had access to this text, and it approximates that used in Helaman quite closely. (Remember that many who criticize the Book of Mormon on this point claim that Helman is speaking pre-Jesus Christ, rather than the editor Mormon, who is post-Jesus and thus post-3 Nephi.)
Other options include those listed below.
1 Nephi 14:7
For the time cometh, saith the Lamb of God, that I will work a great and a marvelous work among the children of men; a work which shall be everlasting, either on the one hand or on the other—either to the convincing of them unto peace and life eternal, or unto the deliverance of them to the hardness of their hearts and the blindness of their minds unto their being brought down into captivity, and also into destruction, both temporally and spiritually, according to the captivity of the devil, of which I have spoken.
2 Nephi 10:23
Therefore, cheer up your hearts, and remember that ye are free to act for yourselves—to choose the way of everlasting death or the way of eternal life.
Alma 22:6
"And also, what is this that Ammon said—If ye will repent ye shall be saved, and if ye will not repent, ye shall be cast off at the last day?"
While Mormon in Helaman doesn't use the "resurrection of life" and "resurrection of damnation" that is found in John, it does use the "shall be cast off" and "the last day". Now it isn't exact either, and its quite likely that it isn't a direct quote of this passage.
2 Nephi 2:26
Another source of this teaching in the Book of Mormon comes in 2 Nephi 2, in particular in verse 26:
"And the Messiah cometh in the fulness of time, that he may redeem the children of men from the fall. And because that they are redeemed from the fall they have become free forever, knowing good from evil; to act for themselves and not to be acted upon, save it be by the punishment of the law at the great and last day, according to the commandments which God hath given." (2 Nephi 2:26)
Mormon also uses this passage when he writes in Words of Mormon 1:11:
"And they were handed down from king Benjamin, from generation to generation until they have fallen into my hands. And I, Mormon, pray to God that they may be preserved from this time henceforth. And I know that they will be preserved; for there are great things written upon them, out of which my people and their brethren shall be judged at the great and last day, according to the word of God which is written."
Other teaching from Christ's era?
Given that Mormon is writing well after Jesus' visit to the Nephites, it is also possible that he is citing another Christian text from that period--it would be logical for Jesus to teach something similar to John 5:29 among the Nephites, though as we have seen there were ample other pre-crucifixion texts available to the Nephites as well.
Since we have this idea present in Alma 22:6 (the missionary Aaron quoting Alma the Younger), it seems likely that this was an idea that was taught commonly among the Nephites. This is confirmed by the other passages cited. So whether or not we have the source in one of these passages that the Book of Helaman is referring to, we can see how the passage in Helaman reflects a Nephite theology and need not be a New Testament theology introduced anachronistically.
Ultimately, the idea is not a particularly complex one, and could easily have had multiple sources or approximations. Mormon need not be even citing a particular text, but merely indicating that one can "read" this idea in a variety of Nephite texts, as demonstrated above.
Thus, the claim of plagiarism seems forced, since there are Nephite texts which more closely approximate the citation than does the gospel of John, and a precise citation is not present in any case.
Hugh Nibley: "As to the 'passages lifted bodily from the King James Version,' we first ask, 'How else does one quote scripture if not bodily?'"
LDS scholar Hugh Nibley wrote the following in response to a letter sent to the editor of the Church News section of the Deseret News. His response was printed in the Church News in 1961:[11]
[One of the] most devastating argument[s] against the Book of Mormon was that it actually quoted the Bible. The early critics were simply staggered by the incredible stupidity of including large sections of the Bible in a book which they insisted was specifically designed to fool the Bible-reading public. They screamed blasphemy and plagiarism at the top of their lungs, but today any biblical scholar knows that it would be extremely suspicious if a book purporting to be the product of a society of pious emigrants from Jerusalem in ancient times did not quote the Bible. No lengthy religious writing of the Hebrews could conceivably be genuine if it was not full of scriptural quotations.
...to quote another writer of Christianity Today [magazine],[12] "passages lifted bodily from the King James Version," and that it quotes, not only from the Old Testament, but also the New Testament as well.
As to the "passages lifted bodily from the King James Version," we first ask, "How else does one quote scripture if not bodily?" And why should anyone quoting the Bible to American readers of 1830 not follow the only version of the Bible known to them?
Actually the Bible passages quoted in the Book of Mormon often differ from the King James Version, but where the latter is correct there is every reason why it should be followed. When Jesus and the Apostles and, for that matter, the Angel Gabriel quote the scriptures in the New Testament, do they recite from some mysterious Urtext? Do they quote the prophets of old in the ultimate original? Do they give their own inspired translations? No, they do not. They quote the Septuagint, a Greek version of the Old Testament prepared in the third century B.C. Why so? Because that happened to be the received standard version of the Bible accepted by the readers of the Greek New Testament. When "holy men of God" quote the scriptures it is always in the received standard version of the people they are addressing.
We do not claim the King James Version of the Septuagint to be the original scriptures—in fact, nobody on earth today knows where the original scriptures are or what they say. Inspired men have in every age have been content to accept the received version of the people among whom they labored, with the Spirit giving correction where correction was necessary.
Since the Book of Mormon is a translation, "with all its faults," into English for English-speaking people whose fathers for generations had known no other scriptures but the standard English Bible, it would be both pointless and confusing to present the scriptures to them in any other form, so far as their teachings were correct.
- What is thought to be a very serious charge against the Book of Mormon today is that it, a book written down long before New Testament times and on the other side of the world, actually quotes the New Testament! True, it is the same Savior speaking in both, and the same Holy Ghost, and so we can expect the same doctrines in the same language.
But what about the "Faith, Hope and Charity" passage in Moroni 7:45? Its resemblance to 1 Corinthians 13:] is undeniable. This particular passage, recently singled out for attack in Christianity Today, is actually one of those things that turn out to be a striking vindication of the Book of Mormon. For the whole passage, which scholars have labeled "the Hymn to Charity," was shown early in this century by a number of first-rate investigators working independently (A. Harnack, J. Weiss, R. Reizenstein) to have originated not with Paul at all, but to go back to some older but unknown source: Paul is merely quoting from the record.
Now it so happens that other Book of Mormon writers were also peculiarly fond of quoting from the record. Captain Moroni, for example, reminds his people of an old tradition about the two garments of Joseph, telling them a detailed story which I have found only in [th' Alabi of Persia,] a thousand-year-old commentary on the Old Testament, a work still untranslated and quite unknown to the world of Joseph Smith. So I find it not a refutation but a confirmation of the authenticity of the Book of Mormon when Paul and Moroni both quote from a once well-known but now lost Hebrew writing.
Now as to [the] question, "Why did Joseph Smith, a nineteenth century American farm boy, translate the Book of Mormon into seventeenth century King James English instead of into contemporary language?"
The first thing to note is that the "contemporary language" of the country-people of New England 130 years ago was not so far from King James English. Even the New England writers of later generations, like Webster, Melville, and Emerson, lapse into its stately periods and "thees and thous" in their loftier passages.
∗ ∗ ∗
Furthermore, the Book of Mormon is full of scripture, and for the world of Joseph Smith's day, the King James Version was the Scripture, as we have noted; large sections of the Book of Mormon, therefore, had to be in the language of the King James Version—and what of the rest of it? That is scripture, too.
One can think of lots of arguments for using King James English in the Book of Mormon, but the clearest comes out of very recent experience. In the past decade, as you know, certain ancient nonbiblical texts, discovered near the Dead Sea, have been translated by modern, up-to-date American readers. I open at random a contemporary Protestant scholar's modern translation of the Dead Sea Scrolls, and what do I read? "For thine is the battle, and by the strength of thy hand their corpses were scattered without burial. Goliath the Hittite, a mighty man of valor, thou didst deliver into the hand of thy servant David."[13]
Obviously the man who wrote this knew the Bible, and we must not forget that ancient scribes were consciously archaic in their writing, so that most of the scriptures were probably in old-fashioned language the day they were written down. To efface that solemn antique style by the latest up-to-date usage is to translate falsely.
At any rate, Professor Burrows, in 1955 (not 1835!), falls naturally and without apology into the language of the King James Bible. Or take a modern Jewish scholar who purposely avoids archaisms in his translation of the Scrolls for modern American readers: "All things are inscribed before Thee in a recording script, for every moment of time, for the infinite cycles of years, in their several appointed times. No single thing is hidden, naught missing from Thy presence."[14] Professor Gaster, too, falls under the spell of our religious idiom. [A more recent example of the same phenomenon in the twenty-first century is discussed here.]
By frankly using that idiom, the Book of Mormon avoids the necessity of having to be redone into "modern English" every thirty or forty years. If the plates were being translated for the first time today, it would still be King James English!"
- ↑ See A. Melvin McDonald, Day of Defense (Sounds of Zion Inc., 2004[1986]), 49. ISBN 188647253X.
- ↑ These were the only editions consulted for this point. More editions may render the same however the author did not have access to them at this time
- ↑ See page 81 of either edition of the Book of Mormon
- ↑ See Michael Hickenbotham, Answering Challenging Mormon Questions: Replies to 130 Queries by Friends and Critics of the LDS Church (Horizon Publishers & Distributors, 1995) (now published by Cedar Fort Publisher: Springville, UT, 2004),193–196. ISBN 0882905368. ISBN 0882907786. ISBN 0882907786. (Key source)
- ↑ See Book of Mormon note to 2 Nephi 12:2
- ↑ See also Kirk Holland Vestal and Arthur Wallace, The Firm Foundation of Mormonism (Los Angeles, CA: The L. L. Company, 1981), 70–72. ISBN 0937892068.
- ↑ The implications of this change represent a more complicated textual history than previously thought. See discussion in Dana M. Pike and David R. Seely, "'Upon All the Ships of the Sea, and Upon All the Ships of Tarshish': Revisiting 2 Nephi 12:16 and Isaiah 2:16," Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 14/2 (2005): 12–25. off-site wiki For earlier discussions, see Gilbert W. Scharffs, The Truth about 'The God Makers' (Salt Lake City, Utah: Publishers Press, 1989; republished by Bookcraft, 1994), 172. Full text FairMormon link ISBN 088494963X.; see also Milton R. Hunter and Thomas Stuart Ferguson, Ancient America and the Book of Mormon (Kolob Book Company, 1964),100–102.; Hugh W. Nibley, Since Cumorah, 2nd edition, (Vol. 7 of the Collected Works of Hugh Nibley), edited by John W. Welch, (Salt Lake City, Utah : Deseret Book Company ; Provo, Utah : Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 1988),129–143. ISBN 0875791395.
- ↑ "Thomson's Translation," Wikipedia (accessed 11 Feb 2015) off-site
- ↑ Hugh W. Nibley, Since Cumorah, 2nd edition, (Vol. 7 of the Collected Works of Hugh Nibley), edited by John W. Welch, (Salt Lake City, Utah : Deseret Book Company ; Provo, Utah : Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 1988),142–143. ISBN 0875791395.
- ↑ Making Life Count Ministries, Inc., "Proof the Book of Mormon Isn't True," (PDF on-line, no date), 1.
- ↑ Church News, 29 July 1961: 10, 15. Reprinted in Hugh W. Nibley, The Prophetic Book of Mormon (Vol. 8 of the Collected Works of Hugh Nibley), (Salt Lake City, Utah : Deseret Book Company ; Provo, Utah : Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 1989), 214–18. ISBN 0875791794. [Nibley's first edition of Since Cumorah cites such sources as R. Reitzenstein, in Nachrichter v. d. kgl. Ges. d. Wiss. zu Gottingen (1916): 362, 416, and 1917 Heft 1, pp. 130-151, and Historische Zeitschrift 116 (DATE?), pp. 189-202. A von Harnack, in Journal of Biblical Literature 50 (1931), pp. 266ff; cf. Alf. Resch, "Der Paulinismus u. die Logia Jesu," in Texte u. Untersuchungen. N. F. 13 (1904).]
- ↑ Nibley is responding to Wesley P. Walters, "Mormonism," Christianity Today 5/6 (19 December 1960): 8–10.
- ↑ Nibley is quoting Millar Burrows, The Dead Sea Scrolls (Michigan: Baker, 1955; reprinted 1978), 1:397.
- ↑ Nibley is quoting Theodore H. Gaster, The Dead Sea Scriptures (New York: Doubleday, 1964), 136.


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The most formal hairstyle for a wedding is the traditional up-do. This style can be worn on women with long or medium length hair. This type of hairstyle has long been the most popular choice for a woman on her wedding day, though in recent years, other styles are becoming more and more popular.
Although up-dos are lovely, and may be the right choice for you, there are many other styles you can choose for your wedding day. You don't necessarily have to go as formal as an up-do if you so choose. The most important thing is that the hair style you select should go well with your dress, your facial features, and the theme of your wedding.
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subset: commoncrawl


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One of Sheffield's sporting greats has backed a campaign to save threatened mountain bike trails in the woods where he forged his skills.
Former world champion Steve Peat has joined more than 22,000 people in signing a petition to protect the threatened trails at Wharncliffe Woods.
The unofficial routes were created by volunteers but the Forestry Commission, which owns the land, plans to remove some as it claims they are dangerous and damaging to wildlife.
READ MORE: Cyclists brave steepest street in Sheffield
Peat, who is a triple World Cup champion and nine-time British champion, said: "Wharncliffe has been my training ground for many years and I certainly feel like it forged my skills and prepared me to go and take on the world. I'm sure I wouldn't have become the rider I am without it or enjoyed the success I have on the international stage.
"There is a great mix of trails that people of all levels can ride and have fun on. It will be a massive shame to lose any of these, especially after the work that's been put in by the trail builders."
James Pettitt, who started the petition, describes the trails as an 'important cultural hub' which he says attracts thousands of riders.
READ MORE: Sheffield 'lagging behind' when it comes to cycling
He and the advocacy group Ride Sheffield accept that some work may be needed to remedy the trails in question but they say this could be done with the landowner's cooperation and it would be a huge shame to lose them altogether.
The first trails at Wharncliffe are understood to date back to the 1980s but the more recent ones, which the Forestry Commission plans to demolish, were created in the last five years and are the most challenging of the dozens of trails there.
The Forestry Commission says it has supported mountain biking activities at Wharncliffe for many years and will continue to do so by keeping the majority of the existing trails.
READ MORE: Almost 100 dangerous drivers still on Sheffield's roads despite having 30 penalty points
But in a statement it said a small number are 'inappropriate' and it had a 'duty of care to remove trails that we consider are a risk'.
It claims the trails in question are 'inherently dangerous' to inexperienced riders and that their construction has created numerous hazards including deep holes where soil has been dug to build the features.
It also argues that the work has destroyed an area of ancient woodland, damaging trees and obliterating plants, which has caused 'great upset' to other visitors.
John Horscroft, from Ride Sheffield, says the land in question is a pine plantation and it is 'patently untrue' to call it ancient woodland.
He accepts that some of the building may have 'gone too far' but believes the Forestry Commission should be willing to engage with the mountain biking community in an attempt to reach a compromise.
He claims the Forestry Commission has supported mountain biking on other sites across the country but has only ever 'tolerated' it at Wharncliffe – in contrast to the support shown by Sheffield and Rotherham Wildlife Trust, which owns the neighbouring Greno Woods, where there are also popular biking trails.
"Steve Peat cut his teeth at Wharncliffe and there's a whole new generation developing their skills there today, some of whom are competing at international level," he said.
"This is a sporting city and we need to look after the resources we have even if they're somewhat unofficial, but the Forestry Commission isn't really engaging with the mountain biking community here.
"Maybe things have got a little out of hand here with the new trails but its response is out of all proportion to what's happened."
You can view the petition here.


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Take steelpan to Africa schools
August 2nd, 2017 | by The Trinidad Guardian
Government wants the Pan in Schools project to go Africa, Trade and Industry Minister Paula Gopee-Scoon says. She made the
August 2nd, 2017 | by The Trinidad Guardian
Government wants the Pan in Schools project to go Africa, Trade and Industry Minister Paula Gopee-Scoon says. She made the
July 20th, 2017 | by thenationonlineng.net
The Nigerian Navy Orchestral Department would deliver better refined renditions unique to her various folklores, if quality investments were channelled
October 3rd, 2016 | by www.huffingtonpost.com
Re-Percussions: Our African Odyssey, award-winning Trinidadian film-maker Kim Johnson's contribution to this year's Caribbean Tales International Film Festival in Toronto, is a
July 14th, 2016 | by www.artlink.co.za news
Esteemed adjudicators for the 5th Education Africa International Marimba and Steelpan Festival 2016. We are less than three weeks away
May 15th, 2016 | by www.artlink.co.za news
We are Africa: Africa unite for peace and friendship from Cape to Cairo Education Africa in partnership with Tom Newby
October 31st, 2015 | by Robbie Joseph
In the summer of 2000, The British Association of Steelbands launched their official magazine, Pan Podium. Pan Podium magazine grew
July 24th, 2015 | by www.iol.co.za
The fifth annual Education Africa International Marimba and Steelpan Festival ushers in the month of August this year. On August
July 21st, 2014 | by AFROCARIBE
Trinidad and Tobago's National Instrument booms in Africa – an exclusive interview with the President of Pan Trinbago's 50th Anniversary
May 29th, 2014 | by Allafrica.com
Caribbean Islanders, Trinidad and Tobago scored big at the recently held Harare International Carnival Street Party when they won two
May 14th, 2014 | by www.zbc.co.zw
A musical orchestra group from Trinidad and Tobago, Exodus Orchestra Steel, has arrived in Zimbabwe as part of the Harare


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Seeking harmonization in Europe on legislation in the area of textile names, the adoption of Regulation (EU) no. 1007/2011 lays down provisions for the definition and use of textile fibre names as well as for labeling textile products containing parts of animal origin. It also standardises the test methods for determining the fibre composition of textile products across Europe.
Link to Regulation (EU) no. 1007/2011 [External link]
In the absence of specific European regulations on safety of certain product categories, the General Product Safety Directive 2001/95/EC concern overall matters of consumer product safety, providing a generic definition of a safe product. This directive applies to manufactured products that can be directly used by consumers, such as garden machinery, consumer electronics and textiles. A product under the General Product Safety Directive is deemed safe once it conforms to the safety provisions provided in European legislation or national legislation of member states adopted in accordance with EU law.
Link to the the General Product Safety Directive (GPSD) 2001/95/EC [External link]
An achievement of the General Product Safety Directive has been the establishment of RAPEX, an EU rapid alert mechanism which serves as a platform of information exchange between the European Commission and the member states to prevent the use of products in member states if products have proven to pose serious threats to the health and safety of the consumers in other countries.
Link to Rapid Alert Mechanism RAPEX [External link]
To tackle the flaws of the General Product Safety Directive, the European Commission has proposed a new Product Safety and Market Surveillance Package consisting of a proposal for a Regulation on Consumer Product Safety and a proposal for a Regulation for Market Surveillance of Product as well as non-legislative documents.
Link to Product Safety and Market Surveillance Package [External link]
In 2012, the Commission launched a Communication on Promoting Cultural and Creative Sectors for Growth and Jobs in the EU. [External link]
This Communication was accompanied by two staff working documents:
These documents are central to the European Commission's Fashion Working Group and High-Level Forum on Fashion where Fur Europe is member. These groups representing the fashion industry gathers to discuss challenges and opportunities and provide professional input to the European Commission.
The Commission has defined CSR as the responsibility of the enterprises for their impact on society. CSR should be the company's initiative and it should target to integrate social, environmental, ethical, consumer, and human rights concerns into its strategy and operations. As a private and voluntary action so far, no European legislation has been established. However, the Commission has introduced the 2011 CSR Strategy, where the Commission sets the agenda and a number of actions to strongly support this approach.
Link the European Commission's Communication on A Renewed EU strategy 2011-14 for Corporate Social Responsibility [External link]
In spite of the voluntary status of the Commission's CSR policy, European countries have taken initiatives to set national CSR action plans.
We should also note that many countries have taken initiatives to set action plans in this direction.
Link to the Commission's webpage on CSR in Practice [External link]
Though not currently articulated as a CSR policy, Fur Europe is committed to sustainable economic, environmental and social development, which contains similar elements as the Commission's CSR policy.
All consumer products exposed to the use of chemicals – including the vast majority of textiles – are subject to the REACH legislation (Regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals). REACH ensures a high level of protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals, the promotion of alternative test methods and the free circulation of substances on the internal market. Both products manufactured in and imported into Europe are subjects to REACH.
Link to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) [External link]
The technical, scientific and administrative aspects of REACH are managed by the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) [External link].
Dressers and dyers are an important part of the European fur sector's value chain and subjects to REACH as chemicals are being used in the processing of raw fur skins. The dressing and dying processes ensures the long-lasting abilities of fur products.


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Date added: December 01, 2010
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Sanofi Pasteur has announced that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved its four-strain influenza vaccine, Fluzone Quadrivalent. Whilst trivalent vaccines used in previous influenza seasons contained two A strains and one B strains, a quadrivalent vaccine such as Fluzone will also offer protection against a second type B flu strain.
The 2013 season will be the first season in which quadrivalent influenza vaccines will be available in the US. But Sanofi is not alone in the US quadrivalent marketplace. The company's newest addition to the Fluzone family will align itself against GSK's Fluarix Quadrivalent and AstraZeneca's FluMist Quadrivalent (Top 4 influenza vaccine FDA approvals). A key selling point for Sanofi's vaccine, however, is that it is licensed for use in children as young as 6 months, a good 18 months earlier than FluMist.
In 6 of the past 12 influenza seasons, the dominant circulating B strain was from the B-lineage not selected for the vaccine. David Greenberg, MD, Vice President U.S. Scientific and Medical Affairs, Sanofi Pasteur, said: "Protection against the type B flu strain may be an especially important factor that healthcare providers consider when immunizing children since influenza B causes a substantial number of illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths in the pediatric population."
What do you think? You can leave a comment in the box below, or on LinkedIn group discussion. Want more from Vaccine Nation? Sign up to our newsletter for free here.
If you want to know more about strategy and innovation in vaccines, you might be interested in attending the World Vaccine Congress Europe 2013, 16-17 October 2013, Lille.


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After getting a taste of life in the hedge-fund big leagues, Harbinger Capital Management's Phil Falcone is scrambling to return to his former glory.
Sources tell The Post that Falcone, whose assets now total roughly $9 billion compared to a high last year of $25 billion, has been aggressively rebuilding his troubled empire, raising new money, launching new funds and poaching talent from big-name hedge funds like Ken Griffin's Citadel Investment Group.
According to people familiar with Harbinger, Falcone over the past few months has hired a new chief operating officer, Peter Jenson, from Citadel, and a director of investments, Omar Asali, from Goldman Sachs. Over the summer, he snagged Robin Roger of Duff Capital as chief counsel.


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Project Description
Diamond Crystal Steel Ring
A diamond ring with a twist: This custom designed ring features a natural raw diamond crystal with a metallic grey color. The diamond is set in a stainless steel and white gold ring. The setting is carved in wax and then cast in medical grade stainless steel. It is polished, sandblasted and texture to create the desired finish. Then the setting is inlaid with white gold where the diamond will be secured. The finished ring is a one-of-a-kind work of art.


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|Page 97
|Contents - 'The Origin of Species' by Charles Darwin
|prev page next page
Other and unknown agencies probably have also played a part. I have stated that fresh-water fish eat some kinds of seeds, though they reject many other kinds after having swallowed them; even small fish swallow seeds of moderate size, as of the yellow water-lily and Potamogeton. Herons and other birds, century after century, have gone on daily devouring fish; they then take flight and go to other waters, or are blown across the sea; and we have seen that seeds retain their power of germination, when rejected many hours afterwards in pellets or in the excrement. When I saw the great size of the seeds of that fine water-lily, the Nelumbium, and remembered Alph. de Candolle's remarks on the distribution of this plant, I thought that the means of its dispersal must remain inexplicable; but Audubon states that he found the seeds of the great southern water-lily (probably according to Dr. Hooker, the Nelumbium luteum) in a heron's stomach. Now this bird must often have flown with its stomach thus well stocked to distant ponds, and, then getting a hearty meal of fish, analogy makes me believe that it would have rejected the seeds in the pellet in a fit state for germination.
In considering these several means of distribution, it should be remembered that when a pond or stream is first formed, for instance on a rising islet, it will be unoccupied; and a single seed or egg will have a good chance of succeeding. Although there will always be a struggle for life between the inhabitants of the same pond, however few in kind, yet as the number even in a well-stocked pond is small in comparison with the number of species inhabiting an equal area of land, the competition between them will probably be less severe than between terrestrial species; consequently an intruder from the waters of a foreign country would have a better chance of seizing on a new place, than in the case of terrestrial colonists. We should also remember that many fresh-water productions are low in the scale of nature, and we have reason to believe that such beings become modified more slowly than the high; and this will give time for the migration of aquatic species. We should not forget the probability of many fresh-water forms having formerly ranged continuously over immense areas, and then having become extinct at intermediate points. But the wide distribution of fresh-water plants, and of the lower animals, whether retaining the same identical form, or in some degree modified, apparently depends in main part on the wide dispersal of their seeds and eggs by animals, more especially by fresh-water birds, which have great powers of flight, and naturally travel from one piece of water to another.
We now come to the last of the three classes of facts, which I have selected as presenting the greatest amount of difficulty with respect to distribution, on the view that not only all the individuals of the same species have migrated from some one area, but that allied species, although now inhabiting the most distant points, have proceeded from a single area, the birthplace of their early progenitors. I have already given my reasons for disbelieving in continental extensions within the period of existing species on so enormous a scale that all the many islands of the several oceans were thus stocked with their present terrestrial inhabitants. This view removes many difficulties, but it does not accord with all the facts in regard to the productions of islands. In the following remarks I shall not confine myself to the mere question of dispersal, but shall consider some other cases bearing on the truth of the two theories of independent creation and of descent with modification.
The species of all kinds which inhabit oceanic islands are few in number compared with those on equal continental areas: Alph. de Candolle admits this for plants, and Wollaston for insects. New Zealand, for instance, with its lofty mountains and diversified stations, extending over 780 miles of latitude, together with the outlying islands of Auckland, Campbell and Chatham, contain altogether only 960 kinds of flowering plants; if we compare this moderate number with the species which swarm over equal areas in Southwestern Australia or at the Cape of Good Hope, we must admit that some cause, independently of different physical conditions, has given rise to so great a difference in number. Even the uniform county of Cambridge has 847 plants, and the little island of Anglesea 764, but a few ferns and a few introduced plants are included in these numbers, and the comparison in some other respects is not quite fair. We have evidence that the barren island of Ascension aboriginally possessed less than half-a-dozen flowering plants; yet many species have now become naturalised on it, as they have in New Zealand and on every other oceanic island which can be named. In St. Helena there is reason to believe that the naturalised plants and animals have nearly or quite exterminated many native productions. He who admits the doctrine of the creation of each separate species, will have to admit that a sufficient number of the best adapted plants and animals were not created for oceanic islands; for man has unintentionally stocked them far more fully and perfectly than did nature.
Although in oceanic islands the species are few in number, the proportion of endemic kinds (i.e. those found nowhere else in the world) is often extremely large. If we compare, for instance, the number of endemic land-shells in Madeira, or of endemic birds in the Galapagos Archipelago, with the number found on any continent, and then compare the area of the island with that of the continent, we shall see that this is true. This fact might have been theoretically expected, for, as already explained, species occasionally arriving, after long intervals of time in the new and isolated district, and having to compete with new associates, would be eminently liable to modification, and would often produce groups of modified descendants. But it by no means follows that, because in an island nearly all the species of one class are peculiar, those of another class, or of another section of the same class, are peculiar; and this difference seems to depend partly on the species which are not modified having immigrated in a body, so that their mutual relations have not been much disturbed; and partly on the frequent arrival of unmodified immigrants from the mother-country, with which the insular forms have intercrossed. It should be borne in mind that the offspring of such crosses would certainly gain in vigour; so that even an occasional cross would produce more effect than might have been anticipated. I will give a few illustrations of the foregoing remarks: in the Galapagos Islands there are twenty-six land birds; of these twenty-one (or perhaps twenty-three) are peculiar; whereas of the eleven marine birds only two are peculiar; and it is obvious that marine birds could arrive at these islands much more easily and frequently than land-birds. Bermuda, on the other hand, which lies at about the same distance from North America as the Galapagos Islands do from South America, and which has a very peculiar soil, does not possess a single endemic land bird; and we know from Mr. J.M. Jones's admirable account of Bermuda, that very many North American birds occasionally or even frequently visit this island. Almost every year, as I am informed by Mr. E.V. Harcourt, many European and African birds are blown to Madeira; this island is inhabited by ninety-nine kinds, of which one alone is peculiar, though very closely related to a European form; and three or four other species are confined to this island and to the Canaries. So that the islands of Bermuda and Madeira have been stocked from the neighbouring continents with birds, which for long ages have there struggled together, and have become mutually co-adapted. Hence, when settled in their new homes, each kind will have been kept by the others to its proper place and habits, and will consequently have been but little liable to modification. Any tendency to modification will also have been checked by intercrossing with the unmodified immigrants, often arriving from the mother-country. Madeira again is inhabited by a wonderful number of peculiar land-shells, whereas not one species of sea-shell is peculiar to its shores: now, though we do not know how sea-shells are dispersed, yet we can see that their eggs or larvae, perhaps attached to seaweed or floating timber, or to the feet of wading birds, might be transported across three or four hundred miles of open sea far more easily than land-shells. The different orders of insects inhabiting Madeira present nearly parallel cases.
Oceanic islands are sometimes deficient in animals of certain whole classes, and their places are occupied by other classes; thus in the Galapagos Islands reptiles, and in New Zealand gigantic wingless birds, take, or recently took, the place of mammals. Although New Zealand is here spoken of as an oceanic island, it is in some degree doubtful whether it should be so ranked; it is of large size, and is not separated from Australia by a profoundly deep sea; from its geological character and the direction of its mountain ranges, the Rev. W.B. Clarke has lately maintained that this island, as well as New Caledonia, should be considered as appurtenances of Australia. Turning to plants, Dr. Hooker has shown that in the Galapagos Islands the proportional numbers of the different orders are very different from what they are elsewhere. All such differences in number, and the absence of certain whole groups of animals and plants, are generally accounted for by supposed differences in the physical conditions of the islands; but this explanation is not a little doubtful. Facility of immigration seems to have been fully as important as the nature of the conditions.


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Mellilah's Belly Dancing Links:
Costumes for Bellydancers
Asi Haskal Costumes Custom designed bellydance costumes
Bella Costumes Turkish designer, high quality bellydance costumes
Belly Dance Store by Shahrazad Sells Eman Zaki
Dahlal InternationalCostumes by famous designers, great service!
Egy Dance Beautiful costumes shown
Eman Zaki Famous Egyptian designer; I own a few.
Hallah Moustafa Famous designer, located in Egypt
Hasani Imports costumes; Tacoma, WA
Isis Exchange Costumes and accessories
Lana Couture High-end custum costumes
Legend Belly Dance Costumes I custom ordered (baby blue) & was happy
Lila's Belly Dance Costumes. I haven't used this company.
L. Rose Designs Best place for skirts, tops, gloves, veils; great service
Oranit Kaggan Beautifully designed custom costumes
Pharonics Belly Dance Costumes
Pyramid Imports Costumes for sale; located in Seattle.
Shake My Day Mirror & coin bellydance costumes
Collectables, Clothing, Music, & Videos for Bellydancers
Bellydance.org Belly dance DVDs, history, photos, events and more
Belly Dance & Yoga Wear Great practice wear. Handmade by Christine Dempsey
Dance Shoes Online Dance shoes, dancewear, dance accessories
Fairy Cove Beautiful silk veils and fan veils. Custom orders.
Hossam Ramsy Music composer
Janice Wing Artist Belldancer cartoons
Lady Silk Designs Beautiful, lightweight silk veils
MAC Professional stage make-up
Maqam Middle Eastern music; great selection
Miss Belly Dance Hip scarves and bellydance accessories
Nahari Silk Veils Extra thin silk veils
One Tooth Yoga Apparel Dance exercise clothing; great quality
Putumayo World Music World music, including Middle Eastern
Queen of Hearts Clothing Great practice wear. Great sweaters to wear over dance clothes.
Sharif Craft Great practice wear, & some cabaret costumes
Saroyan Mastercrafts Best zills (finger cymbals)
Scheherezade Imports Hip belts, shemadans, canes, videos, CDs
Shiny, Sparkly Things Beautiful dance jewelry; located in Oregon
Tukish Emporium Bellydance hip scarves, acessories and more
Tinctoria Natually died organic clothing; great for dance practice
Wings of Ayshe Wings for dancers; best quality
Competitions for Bellydancers
Belly Dancer of the Universe February; Long Beach, CA
Belly Dancer of the Year May; Pleasant, CA
Bellydancer USA- in June; North Bend, Oregon, jareeda.com/Belly_USA.htm
La Danse Orientale - March; Tacoma, WA
Lillies of the Valley July; Portland, OR
Events for Bellydancers in Seattle & the Northwest
Mediterranean Fantasy Festival Dance, workshops and bizaar
Rakkasah Middle Eastern folk festival and bazaar
Saqra's Showcase Workshops, dance, and live music
History of Bellydance
Maqam World Arabic dance & music info and history
Dance of the Ghawazee Ghawazee dance history
Gawazee Dance in Egypt Ghawazee dance history
History of Oriental Dance Shira.net; history of bellydance
Kay Hardy Campbell Middle East specialist; Khaliji information
Everything Belly Dance History, music, essential information
Stars of Belly Dance Belly dance history by Hossam Ramzy
Stars of Bellydance Yasmina's Joy of Belly Dancing
Magazines for Bellydancers
Gilded Serpent Best bellydance magazine; credible authors
www.Jareeda.com - Jareeda Bellydance magazine
Shimmy in the Spirit of Bellydance Bellydance magazine
Zagareet Magazine for bellydancers
Media & "In the News" on Bellydancing
12 Simple Ways to Boost Your Brainpower Bill Phillips
Best Means of Avoiding Alzheimer's is Dance Health Guidance
Burn Calories with Belly Dancing Andrew Weil, M.D.
Dr. Amen's Blog How dance can keep your brain healthy
Shakin' All Over Time Magazine
Swivel Your Way to Fitness CNN
Middle Eastern, Arabic & Greek Bands and Musicians
Brothers of the Baladi Traditional Middle Eastern band based in Oregon
House of Tarab Vintage Arabic music; based in Seattle
Kamand Traditional Iranian music ensemble based in Seattle
MB Orchestra Founded in Alexandria, Egypt, currently based in Seattle
Naseem Band - Arabic Lebanese band based in Seattle
Ritim Egzotik Middle Eastern band based in Portland, OR
Takis Dotis and the Mad Greeks Greek band based in Seattle, WA
Organizations for Dancers or Mid-East Culture
Arab American National Museum Arab educational materials
Arab Center of Washington Arab community
Belly Dance Forum Salome's forum for dancers
Ethnic Heritage Council Promoting cultural traditions in the Northwest
IAMED International Academy of Middle Eastern Dance
Iranian American Community Alliance Persian community in Seattle
MECDA Middle Eastern Culture & Dance Association
Northwest Folklife Sponsors the Folklife Festival in Seattle
Seattle Folklore Society Folk & traditional arts in Seattle
Performers of Bellydance
Amala Gameela Beautiful dancer & my friend; based in Hawaii
Anna of Houston Lovely dancer and my friend; Houston, TX
Astryd Farah Beautiful dancer living Indonesia
Aszmara Dynamic dancer in NYC; Turkish style
Aziza Famous dancer, originally from the Northwest
Aziza Mor Fabulous dancer
Bellydance Superstars Touring production, produced by Miles Copeland
Bozenka Beautiful dancer; Bellydance Superstar
Evgenia Kopteva Elegant Russian dancer
Farida Fahmy Reda troupe co-founder & principal dancer 1940-60s
Faten Salama- Egyptian dance instructor in NYC
Hadia One of my former instructors, located in Canada
Hasani Bellydancer & instructor in Tacoma, WA
Helene Eriksen Traditional dances of the Balkans & Islamic Orient
Jewels My friend and talented dancer in Portland, OR
Jillina Artistic Director of Bellydance Superstars located in LA
Katrina Fabulous dancer based in Washington D.C.
Kitiera My friend & beautiful dancer; teaches her signature style, ModRom
Lunaria Dance Theatre My dance company. Based in Bothell, Wa
Leila of Cairo Famous dancer of Cairo from Seattle, WA
Maleeha One of my former instructors, based in Iowa
Mohamed Shahin Native Egyptian famous dancer
Morocco Famous dancer; author
Najia Talented dancer, instructor, and Sahra Saeeda sponsor in PA
Orit Maftsir Famous dancer, located in Israel
Ranya Ranee Fabulous dancer based in NYC
Sahra Saeeda Famous dancer in CA; my bellydance idol & mentor
Sema Yildiz Famous Turkish dancer
Sohaila Beautiful dancer in San Diego
Yasmina of Cairo Famous Egyptian dancer
Yasmina Ramzy Superb dance company; Canada
Yousry Sharif Egyptian master instructor and choreographer
Zahra Zuhair Famous dancer
Photographers for Bellydancers in/near Seattle
Chapters Photography Bothell, WA
Jackie Donnelly Seattle, WA
Julie Watts Photo Auburn, WA
Arabic Lyrics Arabic lyrics
Artist Trust Dance resources
Belly Dance Classes National list of classes
Explore Bothell City of Bothell, WA
Learn to Belly Dance Informational bellydance site
My Party Planner Wedding photographers and other info for weddings
NEA National Endowment of the Arts
Thumbtack See my services on Thumbtack
Web for Wedding Wedding vendors, photographers and more
YouTube Mellilah's Channel


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How Donald Trump makes Ted Cruz look like a feminist
It takes Donald Trump to make Ted Cruz look like a feminist.
First, as most Trump accounts must begin, a recap for those who have lost track of the volley of insults. An anti-Trump super PAC started circulating a Facebook ad it said was aimed at Mormon women voting in this week's Utah Republican primary. It featured an image of the GOP front-runner's wife, Melania, nude and splayed on a fur rug, part of a 2000 magazine photo shoot on her husband's gold-encrusted plane. The political ad displayed the words, "Meet Melania Trump. Your new First Lady. Or, you could support Ted Cruz on Tuesday."
On Tuesday, Cruz did beat Trump by a 55-point margin, but Trump made sure the victory was bitter. That night, he tweeted, "Lyin' Ted Cruz just used a picture of Melania from a G.Q. shoot in his ad. Be careful, Lyin' Ted, or I will spill the beans on your wife!" It is unclear what "beans" Trump was referring to, but many took it to be a reference to Heidi Cruz's past brushes with depression, about which the campaign has spoken openly in the past. Cruz took the high road, tweeting, "Donald, real men don't attack women. Your wife is lovely, and Heidi is the love of my life."
RELATED: Cruz calls out Trump for comparing wives' appearances on Twitter
Trump in turn retweeted a follower who compared an unflattering photo of Heidi Cruz with one of Melania Trump that read: "No need to spill the beans. The images are worth a thousand words." For a change, Trump hadn't started out insulting a woman's looks, but he seemed happy enough to get there.
As for the ad featuring Melania, few feminists these days go for "slut shaming," a shorthand for condemning a woman for deploying her sexuality on, apparently, her own terms. The term references an implied double standard that valorizes men like Trump for having acquired the prize of a beautiful woman, or women, while pinning a scarlet A on the women themselves.
Liz Mair of Make America Awesome PAC, the anti-Trump group that made the ads, said feminists weren't the intended audience for the ad. Nonetheless, she used feminist-ish language to describe it. "It's not the nudity, it's the stereotypical porn-lite imagery involving female vulnerability/subservience/tethering," she wrote. More likely, the use of the photo was intended to signal the lack of modesty, a topic important enough for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (LDS) that it devotes a section of its website to it.
There were no exit polls in Utah, so we don't know if LDS women were disproportionately disdainful of Trump or, perhaps, his wife. But the irony is that, fur rug or not, by her own account, there is no more traditional avatar of wifeliness than Melania Trump.
Take the British GQ story that accompanied that plane photo shoot of the then 26-year-old model known as Melania Knauss. One of the photos was captioned, "Talk of Trump running for president has fueled suggestions that Melania may one day be America's first lady. ' "I think every woman would like to be,' she says. 'Why not?'" the story read,. It continued: "Heavyweight political commentators may scoff, but the delectable Miss Knauss is relishing the prospect of a future pressing the flesh on state occasions. 'I will put all my effort into it, and I will support my man,' she said recently."
RELATED: The larger implications of Trump's p**sy comment
In an undated interview with Parenting that seems to be a few years old, Melanie Trump talked about her passion for architecture and design as inspiring her QVC jewelry line, but stressed that her job as a mother came first. She proffered parenting tips that were straight out of the 1950s. Of her husband, she said, "He didn't change diapers and I am completely fine with that. It is not important to me. It's all about what works for you. It's very important to know the person you're with. And we know our roles. I didn't want him to change the diapers or put Barron to bed. I love every minute of it." She repeated, "We know what our roles are and we are happy with them."
By contrast, while Cruz's policy platform is a feminist's worst nightmare, the Cruz marriage looks much more like a partnership of equals. A nuanced profile by Buzzfeed's McKay Coppins makes clear that, like her husband, Heidi Cruz is an ambitious, hard-charging professional. For more than a year, they had a long distance marriage: Heidi at the White House and Ted in Austin, Texas. Eventually, like Hillary Clinton and Michelle Obama before her, Heidi Cruz chose to make significant career sacrifices to support her husband's political future, leaving her Washington job to join him in Texas. (It was during that period, in 2005, that she struggled, and was found sobbing on the highway by a police officer who believed she was a "danger to herself.")
Heidi would later frankly recall encountering sexism as the only woman at the Houston office of Goldman Sachs. "When I came out of Washington and the White House, I didn't feel that there was really a glass ceiling in the administration … and Texas was very different," she said in 2011. She described a "very traditional culture" that discouraged separate professional tracks for wives, and she also pushed back at "people who believe that women who work outside the home are uncaring and can't be good mothers …. I would work and want to have a career, regardless of if my husband works. It's not only for the money."
The official, unpaid role of first lady — the very title — is uniquely patriarchal and archaic, even as it has been held over the years by a series of spirited and accomplished women. The last Republican woman to be first lady, Laura Bush, sounded vaguely dissatisfied in a 2014 interview about the "position," such as it is. "The interesting question really is not should they receive a salary but should they be able to work for a salary at their job that they might have already had," the former librarian said diplomatically of women in the role. She added, "A first gentleman might continue to work at whatever he did if he was a lawyer or whatever."
This year, we might get a so-called first gentleman and put that trial balloon to the test. And it will be because Hillary Clinton — after having attained what, in the younger Melania Knauss' words, "every woman would like to be" — decided that job wasn't enough. Maybe it won't be enough for Melania Trump, either.


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For the best selection of used Peugeot cars in Sheffield, start browsing The Car People's range below right now! As you'll see, we stock all the top models, including the Peugeot 107, 207, 308, 3008, 508 and 5008 – see the individual listings for detailed information on each car that'll help you make up your mind which Peugeot is for you. Visit our Sheffield showroom and you'll soon discover that we take a different approach to other used car dealers. Whether it's letting you take as many test drives as you'd like or offering you a range of flexible used car finance options, it's all part and parcel of making sure buying a used Peugeot from us is as hassle free as possible. If we don't currently have the used Peugeot that you're interest in at our Sheffield showroom, we'll either have it at one of our other dealerships or its sure to be back in stock soon; leave us your contact details, and we'll be in touch when it's available.
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Watch this space for the announcement of future social events or visit our social area where you can upload stories, goods for sale and race reports.
2016 Summer BBQ
This years Summer BBQ will be hoisted by Sheryl and Stuart Clark on the grouds of their house in Hartlip and will be full of fun!
This years Summer BBQ will be at the 442 Club in Gillingham from 2pm on Sunday 19th July 2015. Please come and Join Us!
Summer BBQ
At 442 club, Gillingham on the afternoon of the 13th of July following the MedwayTri hosted Junior Duathlon at Gravesend Cyclopark


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- ½ cup extra virgin olive oil
- ½ cup balsamic vinegar (or other vinegar)
- ¼ cup soy sauce
- ¼ cup Worcestershire sauce
- ⅛ cup lemon juice
- ¾ cup brown sugar
- 2 tsp dried rosemary
- 2 tbsp Dijon or Spicy Brown mustard
- 2 tsp salt
- 1 tsp ground black pepper
- 2 tsp garlic powder
- 6 chicken breast or 3.5 lb chicken
- Marinate for at least 4 hours and up to 24 hours.
To grill
- Preheat grill to medium high heat and lightly oil the grates.
- Remove the chicken from the marinade, letting the excess drip off.
- Grill chicken for 5 to 6 minutes on each side or until cooked through. Baste the chicken occasionally with the leftover marinade.
- Remove chicken from grill and tent with foil. Let chicken rest for at least 5 minutes before serving
- If you bring the remaining marinade up to a boil, let simmer until slightly reduced, it makes a wonderful sauce to go on top of the chicken.
Source: Mom On Timeout
Via: The BEST Chicken Marinade Recipe
(Visited 51 times, 1 visits today)


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Return to list Min Dong, PhD
- Investigator
Min Dong, PhD
- Title
- Assistant Professor of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School
- Department
Microbiology and Immunobiology
- Address
Boston Children's Hospital
300 Longwood Avenue
Boston, MA 02115
- Phone
- Biography
I was trained as a neuroscientist, obtained Ph.D. in neuroscience from the Neuroscience Training Program at the University of Wisconsin Madison and finished my postdoctoral studies in Dr. Edwin Chapman's lab, a renowned HHMI investigator working on membrane trafficking, membrane fusion, and synaptic transmission. I was recently recruited to Boston Children's Hospital in the main campus of Harvard Medical School as an endowed Assistant Professor. I hold joint faculty appointment at the Dept. of Urology at Boston Children's Hospital and Dept. of Microbiology and Immunobiology at Harvard Medical School. I am also a faculty member in both Program in Neuroscience and Program in Biophysics graduate programs at Harvard University.
A major focus of my lab is in the field of cellular neuroscience, particularly on synaptic vesicle recycling and endosomal sorting. Neurons are highly specialized cells with sophisticated membrane trafficking processes. Our overarching goal is to understand how the membrane trafficking system is specialized and regulated in neurons and how defects in membrane trafficking pathways lead to neurodegeneration and other developmental diseases. Studying how pathogens exploit membrane trafficking systems in cells has been proven to be a powerful approach to understand the molecular mechanism of these critical cellular processes. Our current approach utilizes botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) and related tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) as probes to investigate the critical membrane trafficking events in neurons.
- Research
- Long-term effects of botulinum neurotoxins on neuronal viability - R01 NS080833


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Actual Williams College diploma.
"Williams College" is embossed in gold across the bottom of the matte on all of our beautiful diploma frames. This embossing is important because actual Williams College diplomas contain only the latin equivalent ("Senatus Collegi Guilielmensis Academicus") and do not say "Williams College" anywhere.
All of our diploma frames use museum quality, acid-free materials and include easy mounting instructions.
There is an $18.95 charge for diploma frame shipping. Our website may not always offer the correct shipping charge. Since all charges are processed manually by Williams Shop staff, please be assured that you will be charged the correct amount for shipping. Thank you!
Now you can even design your own diploma frame online by simply clicking on the link below.


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{User Experience}
I used to meticulously wash my face twice a day, with different cleansers, exfoliate and put a hydrating mask about twice a week.
I used to meticulously wash my face twice a day, with different cleansers, exfoliate and put a hydrating mask about twice a week.
Well, like I said, used to. Since having EV, I've neglected my part of my regime, especially the mask part.
Now with AA, my masks are still sitting in the toilet cabinet, crying out to be used. Exfoliation probably happens once in two weeks, if I remember. Daily face washes have sometimes reduced to once a day.
Whatever happened? Kids! It's a brilliant exchange, I tell you! No regrets!
So, back to my not-so-ideal skincare regime. I think my facial skin has taken a toll since giving birth. It's time for me to give it its due attention again. After all, I'm not getting any younger. Day by day, minute by minute, second by second, my skin and me are getting older. Wrinkles are slowly forming, etching its way through the dermis, and before I know it, pop! Ahhhh… a wrinkle!!!
Ok, so I'm rather scaring myself, but really, that is the reality. So when I offered the chance of trying out Mary Kay's TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm range, I jumped at the chance.
Targeted at women thirty years and above, this is Mary Kay's latest 'star' range. I've heard of Mary Kay before, and I knew that it has been a trusted brand for many years, so I knew my skin would be in good hands.
The new range has four key products: TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Intensive Serum, TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Day Treatment with SPF 30/PA+++, TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Night Treatment and TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Correcting Eye Cream.
Having worked with beauty clients before, the presence of certain ingredients is very important to me. So I was really glad to find that Hyaluronic Acid is one of three ingredients that make up the Regena-Firm Complex, a trademarked formula which is present in the entire range. Hyaluronic Acid is super hydrating, and helps skin to lock moisture in, lifting skin and boosting its volume. The other two ingredients are Tripeptide 1 and Plant Stem Cells.
The former is a biomimetic peptide that is structurally identical to human skin. This means that it is extremely effective in boosting skin's regeneration and renewal process, to speed up healing.
The latter, Plant Stem Cells, also regenerates skin and helps to protect skin's firmness. Together, these three ingredients work miraculously together to minimize tell-tale signs of aging, revealing younger looking skin.
Ingredients aside, how does Mary Kay's TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm range fare?
Quite well, in my opinion. The TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Intensive Serum is the first step after cleansing and I like that it is light and not sticky. It was easy to apply using an upward movement. I could feel my skin already being hydrated as I gave myself a mini massage. Because I massage from the jawline onwards, in quick upward strokes, this helps to firm and tighten skin. But really, I do like the refreshing coolness of the serum, especially after a hard day of work.
And then the moisturiser. As the product names indicate, the TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Day Treatment with SPF 30/PA+++ and TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Night Treatment are for day use and night use respectively. They are designed to give twelve hour hydration.
The day cream has added SPF30 UV protection to prevent sun damage. More than that, UV protection is also important in guarding against pigmentation, as UV rays can trigger the production of melanin, the cause of pigmentation. Yups, that's something that I want to avoid. This cream's moisturising nature also protected my skin from the drying effects of the sun and the environment.
At night.. ah.. that's when true pampering happens. The TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Night Treatment contains Retinol, a highly effective form of Vitamin A, which helps to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Now, what's different here is that the retinol is encapsulated in what Mary Kay calls microspheres. These are protective 'bubbles' that preserves the retinol's stability and efficacy. This means whatever retinol one gets from a jar of Night Treatment is the most stable and efficient. Awesome! No wonder my skin feels so much more moisturised. I feel that it is firmer and smoother too.
Note the way that the Day Treatment and Night Treatment are dispensed from the jars. The entire jar is sealed and to get the power-packed cream, one has to press the top down and the cream will dispense from around the round sticker. This protects the creams and ensures that its texture and quality are not affected by the external environment.
My favourite product has got to be the TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Correcting Eye Cream. Check out the innovative applicator! It's like a built-in eye massager. Just squeeze a little of the white cream out, then apply around the eyes in a gentle massaging movement. It's so soothing, I could keep doing this. I think my hard work has paid off. My eyes now look less puffy (though on nights when AA makes a fuss, no miracle cream is of any use), and dark circles are reduced. I think it feels a tad firmer too (*grin*). Maybe it's because the eye cream hydrates the eye area for at least 12 hours.
Age also shows around the lip area. I also received a True Dimensions lipstick, which glides on lips smoothly and effortlessly. It is extremely moisturizing to the lips, and even after wearing it for hours, the lips still feel very comfortable, not drying. What's great about it is that it is specifically designed to smooth the appearance of fine lines on the lips and make them look fuller. I could wear it for hours on end!
I've been so good at keeping my daily skincare regime these days, I put on a show for my EV and AA every day. They love looking at me apply the serum and creams and massaging my face. They keep asking for more even after I'm done. I think I'm setting a good example. Thanks Mary Kay!
Mary Kay TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm skincare range
TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Intensive Serum - $195
TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Day Treatment with SPF 30/PA+++ - $165
TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Night Treatment - $180
TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm Correcting Eye Cream - $105
True Dimensions Lipstick - $28
Disclaimer: I received a set of Mary Kay TimeWise Plus+ Regena-Firm skincare range and a True Dimensions Lipstick for review purposes. No monetary compensation was received. All opinions and images are my own.


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Living peacefully is every person definition of a home. Organism which site your home as their own should be kept at bay Insects and other organisms usually vary from one area to the next depending on the landscape of the area. Proper home pest control should be applied at all time. There are good organisms in the environment, and one should seek to be visited by them such as the butterfly. But there also one that usually sabotage ones belongings. Destruction of the property would bring the cost to the owner. So the question arises…What is the countermeasure that safeguards my abode?
Hygiene-This should always be paramount if one seeks to be able to live pest free. Diseases usually, arises from the inability to be clean. Waste food should be kept in designated areas. One should clean food leftovers and should ensure food left behind is sealed off from intruders and other unwarranted organisms. Storage of food should be kept in cupboards and refrigerators that seeks to keep a barrier between the intruders and ones food. Proper cleaning methods should be done which facilitates proper and efficient cleaning .
One should always clean his /her house at least once a week to ensure cleanliness is upheld. One should wipe surfaces with sprays to stop ants from getting the smell and resulting in them coming into your house in their numbers. Use a disinfectant and one should concentrate on the floor since cramps from a past food usually attracts ants and rats. Garbage bins should be well cleaned after dumping off the garbage to wade off intruders. In the event that there are cracks then the owner should put necessary structures to put it off. Inhibiting intruders for the duration due is a welcoming thing because it facilitates better and clean environment. Haste is paramount in having an insect free environment Any type of chemical is warranted for better satisfaction.
Proper and better curtains would also be necessary since intruders thrive well in stuffy areas. Whenever one feels the need to open his/her curtains then he/she can live without any problems Whenever there is need to get a gasp of clean air then the curtains should induce it with ease. The gaps may be removed by using other curtains that have fitting sizes or adding more curtains to the existing ones. In the event that one sees infestation then he/she is supposed to be quick in taking action since this might just be the action one needs to keep organisms out. For effective control then an expert advice is a good initiative. The faster you control the easier the job will be because the intruders wouldn't have reproduced. The fences should also be fixed to reduce larger animals such as the deer passing through the openings. Disease infested mites are brought in by animals such as deer. Humans should be weary since small organisms tend to hop from one host to the next.


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|Promotional photo of Kate McNeil for WIOU
In 1990, after doing The Bakery, a TV pilot movie which didn't end up getting made into a show, Kate McNeil joined the large ensemble cast of WIOU. WIOU was about a struggling television news department and first aired in the fall of 1990. Kate McNeil portrayed Taylor Young, an ambitious reporter who had just joined the station. Unfortunately, the show only last 14 episodes or so before being cancelled due to low ratings in early 1991.
Here are a few images of Kate McNeil in the pilot episode of WIOU:


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REN Clean Skincare
REN is skin care as it should be: each product uses the latest high-tech bioactives, is free from synthetic ingredients, and is pleasurable to use. Since its launch in 2000 REN has become a cult favourite, giving you ground breaking product formulation, rigorous product testing and clinically proven results. REN boosts the skin's natural ability to protect, repair and renew itself leaving skin beautifully healthy and radiant.
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Cult favourite London's beloved skincare brand
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Study this photograph.
Write a caption for the photo. It can be humorous, informational, etc. The choice is yours!
My Caption:
Mom was right about making faces! You can freeze that way!
Post your caption in the comments to enter the drawing for the tshirt. Only one more chance after this!


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lost and found
kristin and vv, i am jealous of you both. instead of yarn needles or stitch markers i lose the actual knitting needles! but you won't believe what i found today, ANOTHER LOCAL YARN STORE. that brings the total (of the ones i've found so far) to 7. it's called abundant yarns and it's my new favorite. the have roving for spinning and told me that next month they're going to start carrying wheels. and they have dying classes. i asked about books about dying and one of the ladies who worked there showed me the yarn they were currently mordanting to dye themselves. it has a great cafe where joe had some coffee and read the paper and let me shop in peace.
in non-knitting news our sewer line died and we spend last week living with my parents. surprisingly, it was fun. we got sarah's room because it leads to the 2nd floor porch where we could leave bear while we were at work. my sister has the most comfortable bed ever. she spent months researching and shopping and we made so much fun of her, but she got the best bed ever. and my parents finally like bear now and realize that he really is a great dog, despite needing a good bit of time to warm up to new people. and tomorrow we leave for vacation! sarah and her boyfriend mike and joe and i are going to yachats on the coast (were the highs are going to be in the low 70s and high 60s) for the first half of the week and then we hear further south a bit inland to ashland for some good eating and great plays where our parents are going to meet us.
vv, how was your parents' visit?


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Tacklife LFL1A Portable Handheld LED Flashlight
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Color: black
Lumen: 400LM
Material: aluminum Alloy
LED type: CREE XPG2 LED
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Can i used for hiking and camping?
--Of course,widely used for hiking, camping, fishing and many other activities; IP68-rated waterproof for good working under stormy weather situation, even in 10 meters water depth.
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For your safety, we recommend you to use UL certificated 18650 lithium battery or certificated AAA battery.
Using poor quality battery or using flashlight in an inappropriate situation(such as use it beside high temperature stove
when rain get into flashlight or use one which has been not used for long time caused battery leakage) will cause safety incident.


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So, two weeks before the start of the school year, I accepted the high school science position at my school. After two years of teaching special education, I will be in charge of the 8th-12th grade science classes.
In two days, I will be teaching:
- 8th grade physical science (mix of physics and chemistry)
- Biology I
- Chemistry
- Earth and Space Science
- Biology II
My plan is to implement Article of the Week, get things organized through Edmodo, and keep it as interesting as I can. I'll keep you posted!


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MVA Lawyer St. Paul MN
For those impacted by the legalities of a car accident, it may be a top priority to seek an MVA lawyer St. Paul MN drivers trust from Johnston | Martineau, PLLP for representation. Since founding our firm, we have helped countless clients receive compensation after car accidents just like yours. We're proud to be a trusted source for drivers in the local area who need a MVA lawyer in St. Paul MN.
We believe in justice and getting the retribution deserved for victims of car accidents. Every person suffering from financial or physical injuries should have a trusted MVA lawyer St. Paul MN can provide working alongside them. We cannot be in control of another driver's actions on the road, but we can attempt to prevent ourselves from an accident by practicing defensive driving.
Here are some ways you can protect yourself from being the victim of a car accident:
1. Stay out of the fast lane unless you are passing another vehicle. Many drivers use that lane to speed in excess and can quickly become potential threats to others on the road.
2. Be alert to blind spots. An accident may occur if you cannot fully see your surroundings through the mirrors. Being aware of your blind spots may help you avoid colliding with a nearby vehicle that isn't driving safely.
3. Scan road surroundings around you. The cars in front of you could be driving too close to the cars in front of them. By practicing defensive driving, you can prevent an accident at the fault of another driver's poor judgement of space.
4. Driving at night can be dangerous. Many drivers do not utilize their lights correctly; either leaving the brights on when approaching another vehicle, or not remembering to turn their lights on at all. Both of these are incredibly hazardous to drivers on the road who are practicing safe methods.
5. Always use your turn signals before making a turn or a lane change. Signaling before you begin slowing down can help other drivers react accordingly.
Even if you practice good driving, those around you might not. If you're involved in an accident that was caused by another driver, you'll likely need to give a statement explaining what you did to try to avoid the accident. Practicing these behaviors whenever you drive can help you learn to react quickly when another driver makes a mistake.
Contact a Dependable MVA Lawyer St. Paul MN Has To Offer
When you hire an MVA lawyer St. Paul MN depends on, it may increase your chances of a favorable outcome. Dealing with filing a claim with your insurance company can get complex because they want to ensure they are not losing money. Your car insurance company may not have your best interest in mind.
At Johnston | Martineau, PLLP, we seek justice for those whose lives have changed due to another driver's negligent or reckless actions on the road. We offer 24/7 phone answering and free consultations with a St. Paul MN MVA lawyer. Do not hesitate to contact us, as we recommend acting quickly after any accident. Please speak to us today by calling to set up a free consultation with an MVA lawyer St. Paul MN drivers know and trust.


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Aggravated Assault with a Firearm
Aggravated Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Aggravated Assault on a Law Enforcement Officer
Aggravated Assault with Intent to Commit a Felony
Brown & Rice, PA
2003 Curry Ford Rd
Orlando, FL 32806
(407) 956-2172
In its simplest form, aggravated assault in Florida is a third degree felony. If convicted, the sentence may be up to five years in prison, probation, or a combination of the two as well as a fine of up to $5000.00. Additionally, the court may order sanctions such as community service, apology letter(s), court costs, anger management, up to two years of community control (house arrest) in lieu of prison or probation time, or any other lawful sentence condition the court deems appropriate. If the court enters an adjudication of guilt, then civil rights penalties such as the loss of the right to vote and carry firearms will occur.
Contact our Orlando Aggravated Assault Lawyers to discuss your case and options to potentially avoid these harsh penalties. (407) 956-2172
Some types of aggravated assault carry enhanced or upgraded penalties. These penalties are based on certain factors such as characteristics of the alleged victim or the type of weapon used. The enhanced sentences for these types of aggravated assault cases can be quite harsh. There are many enhanced versions of aggravated assault and you should discuss your particular case with a lawyer, but below are a few examples:
Aggravated Assault on a Law Enforcement Officer (LEO): Carries a minimum mandatory three year day-for-day prison sentence. Additionally, the aggravated assault is upgraded to a second degree felony, carrying a maximum sentence of fifteen years rather than five.
Aggravated Assault with a Firearm: Carries at least a minimum mandatory three year prison sentence, but the minimum is higher (up to 25 years) depending on the type of firearm, whether it was discharged, and whether someone was shot. Additionally, if someone was shot, you're probably looking at aggravated battery, attempted murder, or murder charges in addition to these penalties.
Aggravated assaults on the following types of alleged victims are upgraded to second degree felonies when committed while the victim is engaged in their official duties. Second degree felonies are punishable by up to fifteen years in prison, probation, or a combination of the two, and a fine of up to $10,000.00.
a firefighter
an emergency medical care provider
a traffic accident investigation officer
a nonsworn law enforcement agency employee who is certified as an agency inspector
a blood alcohol analyst
a breath test operator a law enforcement explorer
a traffic infraction enforcement
a parking enforcement specialist
a person licensed as a security officer and wearing a uniform that bears at least one patch or emblem that is visible at all times that clearly identifies the employing agency and that clearly identifies the person as a licensed security officer
a security officer employed by the board of trustees of a community college
If you are charged with aggravated assault in central Florida, call our experienced Orlando criminal Lawyers at (407) 956-2172 to discuss your defense strategy.
Brown & Rice, P.A., serves clients in the Orlando, Florida, area, including the cities of Kissimmee, Winter Park, Winter Garden, Winter Springs, Longwood, Sanford, Deltona, Davenport, Lake Buena Vista, Deland, Daytona Beach, Mt. Dora, Ocala, Belleview, St. Cloud, Poinciana, Lake Mary, Apopka, Clermont, Maitland, Windermere, Heathrow, Lake Nona and Oviedo, as well as Orange County, Seminole County, Volusia County, Marion County, Lake County, and Osceola County.
© 2018 by Brown & Rice, P.A. All rights reserved.
Brown & Rice, PA
2003 Curry Ford Rd
Orlando, FL 32806
(407) 956-2172


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FEMA aims to achieve self regulation instead of imposed restrictions. The rationale for strict regulations under FERA 1973 after Independence was that India was left with little forex reserves and during the oil –crisis of seventies ballooning oil import bills further drained foreign exchange reserves. Unsatisfactory reserves made it imperative to put in place stringent controls to conserve foreign exchange and to utilise it in the best interest of the country. FEMA has 49 Sections of which 9 Sections (Sections 1 to 9) are substantive and the rest are procedural or administrative. RBI is entrusted with the administration and implementation of FEMA. RBI has so far issued over 200 Notifications, each of which contains several regulations for a particular class of transactions, e.g., Notification No. FEMA/21/RB-2000, deals with acquisition and transfer of immovable property in India.
FEMA Act needs to be read with RBI regulations, notifications, and master directions. We at Taxpert Professionals are specialised in providing advisory services to our clients so that they can choose the best method for their business.
Our Services includes:
- Availing of External Commercial borrowings
- Valuation of shares for transfer of shares from resident to non resident and vice versa
- Assistance and guidance on remittance of funds from India
- Advisory relating to current and capital account transaction
- Advisory in relation to Export and Import regulations under FEMA
- Assistance and guidance on remittance of funds from India
- Advisory relating to current and capital account transaction


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text: France is the place of romance. If you have not yet visited, do give it a visit. And Paris, it is just the icing on the cake and can just be as mesmerizing as you might think. There are a lot of things that can be explored in France and http://bookmark-dofollow.com/story5208928/https-www-lovesita-com


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Club Monaco silk and sequin blouse $35
Club Monaco splatter silk blouse $28
Wilfred Le Fou silk pajama blouse $35
And it was a good day at Goodwill. I found some things for myself, for my booth, and some I'm not sure about yet. Either way, I spent a total of $24. Not bad. Again, the cashier forgot to ring through an item. I have a lot of luck with this.
My favorite find of the day, a brand new vintage Oaxacan rug tapestry. I know that sounds like an oxymoron - brand new vintage - but I looked into the company; Oaxaca Loom Exports was a textile company based out of Bakersfield, CA from 1986-1999. This rug still has the tag attached. It's 100% cotton, attached to a birch sapling wood, and Made in Mexico. Amazingly thick and sturdy and soft. Don't know if I'll be selling this anytime soon.
I think Blixa likes it. (She looks so evil in this photo)
Some hand-painted decorative wood plates with floral motifs. Also a maybe. I personally quite like them but I just don't think they would sell very well. Maybe if I'm ever in a dearth of stock for the booth.
For myself: kitchen utensil holder and a handmade wooden spoon made in the USSR (actually, for hubby). I also got a paper towel rack that I'm gonna use for displaying cuffs and an octagonal mirror base for displaying jewelry in my booth. One of these things was not rung through.
Vintage Lubiana Kristall hand-painted teacup and saucer. Made in Italy. (UPDATE: I have a set of 4 now!)
4 polka dot highball glasses. Made in Brasil. Also don't know anything about these.
If anyone has any more info on vintage glassware, particularly the styles I bought, please let me know! Thanks!


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