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Pioneering the use of Botulinum toxin treatment in France by Marie-Helene Marion
From San Francisco to London
Alan Scott, a Californian ophtalmologist in the early 70's started researching a neurotoxin to weaken the oculomotor muscle as an alternative to surgery in the treatment of strabismus in infants. He established that Botulinum toxin type A was the best candidate to paralyse temporarily the muscles, as varying the dosage could modulate the effect. John Lee, a ophtalmologist at Moorfields Eye Hospital , brought the toxin in his hand luggage on a plane from the United States in 1982, following a trip to meet Alan Scott. John Elston who worked with Lee, extended the use of botulinum toxin to the treatment of Blepharospasm in 1985 and hemifacial spasm in 1986.
It spread quickly to the neurological community of movement disorders specialists, with David Marsden at King's college hospital and his large research fellow group, who each took back the treatment to their own country (France, Germany, Italy, Spain ). I had the privilege to be part of this group at that time and pioneered this treatment in France in 1986.
From London to Paris
I took my new position as chef de Clinique in the department of professor Jean Lapresle in Kremlin-Bicetre hospital in Paris in September 1985. Prof Lapresle was always interested with new developments in neurology and was very supportive, allowing me to start as soon I got the approval of the ethical committee in April 1986. Patients with hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm were the first neurological indications and the patients were admitted for 48 hours for their initial injection. I presented my first series of patients with hemifacial spasm in July 1987 at the Societe Française de Neurologie in Paris.were the first neurological indications and the patients were admitted for 48 hours for their initial injection. I presented my first series of patients with hemifacial spasm in July 1987 at the Societe Française de Neurologie in Paris.
The Botulinum toxin type A was supply by CAMR, Porton down, under the supervision of Peter Hambleton, on patient name basis up from 1986 to 1988. Then Chimos Company, in Paris organised the importation of the Botulinum toxin from Porton down, on reception of the "green" authorisation of importation by the chief pharmacist from the French health minister for every batch of 2000 units vial.
In 1991, Porton Down products commercialised a formulation of the Botulinum toxin A, that they branded Dysport (DYS for dystonia and PORT for Porton down), each vial containing 500 units.
In 1990, the botulinum toxin injections were already recognised as a major advance in the treatment of movement disorders and Anita Harding, from the organising committee of 2nd European Neurological Society meeting (ENS) in 1990 in Brighton, asked me to do the teaching on "the use of Botulinum toxin in movement disorders". The list of indications in neurology has since widened, and is not yet closed.
The licence in France was given in 1993 at the same time to the 2 preparations of Botulinum toxin A, Oculinum 100 units (Allergan) and Dysport 500 units (Porton down) for the treatment of blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm and cervical dystonia. From 2 centres in 1986 in France ( Prof Adenis, ophtalmologist in Limoges and Dr MH Marion, neurologist in Paris), it increased exponentially to 10 centres in 1990, 43 centres in 1993 and now more than 150 centres in 2016 for the treatment of dystonia.
From Neurology to ENT
Dystonia affects different functions; so different anatomical regions can be involved in the dystonic spasms, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. In 1989, I started to collaborate with Patrick Klap, in the ENT department at the Fondation Rothschild on the injections of Botulinum toxin into the vocal cords for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia, a laryngeal dystonia;.
We described in 1992 a series of 6 patients with stridor related to breathing laryngeal dystonia with normal voice, and immobile vocal cords in paramedian position on fiberoptic laryngoscopy. It was thought in the past to be due to a paralysis of the abductor of the vocal cords. (Gerhardt's syndrome). The Inspiratory stridor occurred during the day, disappeared during sleep and was increase by exercise, eating, drinking. The patient who initiated this study , was treated for a cervical dystonia, with Botulinum toxin injections. When he presented later with a stridor, a surgical treatment was proposed to the patient, who refused, as he did not want to loose his voice. He insisted that we considered the possibility of a unique mechanism for his cervical dystonia and his stridor and to be treated with the toxin. The electromyogramm confirmed the absence of paralysis of the abductors and the presence of bursts of activity in his thyro-arythenoid muscles. The stridor was abolished by the injection of Botulinum toxin into the thyro-arythenoids muscles.
We also were privileged in July 1991 to receive the visit of Andrew Blitzer, ENT surgeon in New York, and the pioneer of the use of the toxin in the larynx and into the jaw muscles. We booked at that occasion the most challenging patients for us, in particular a young girl with severe trismus due to a heredo-degenerative condition, PKAN. He taught us how to inject the median pterygoid muscles with an external approach, avoiding to this young patient a procedure under general anesthesia every 3 months. As much as we learnt from his teaching, as much Andy discovered the pleasure of French gastronomy!
Another collaboration Neuro –ENT took place in 1989 at Kremlin Bicetre hospital with Christine Le Pajolec, ENT surgeon. We treated a 40 years old man who presented for 20 years with Palatal myoclonus and objective tinnitus with a frequency 80/minute. We treated him successfully with 40 units Dysport divided in 2 sites into the levator veli palatini (Le Pajolec, Marion, Ann Oto-laryng (Paris), 1990).
From Neuro to paediatric rehabilitation
In 1995, we started injecting Spastic children in the lower limbs with Dr Alain Lespargot, a neuro rehab paediatrician, from the Tardieu school.
At the same time, i collaborate also with Dr Benjamin Asher, plastic surgeon (1995) injecting the facial muscles for expression lines. I ask him to join me and Lespargot to treat the spasmodic retraction of the upper lip by injecting the levator labii superioris muscles, improving the lip occlusion during feeding and the gum trophicity of spastic children. They was not limit to the multidisciplinary approach!
I remembered it as a very exciting time, with stimulating exchanges with colleagues and trainees from other countries and from other specialties.
Thirty years later, I have still the same pleasure to discuss Toxin matters with my longstanding friends from that time, Dr Sophie Sangla ( Paris), Dr Sophie Soulayrol, (Marseille), who shared the same passion for the toxin.
I truly mean it when talking about Les Amis du Clostridium ! Marie-helene Marion
PS: "Les Amis du clostridium " was the name of a group of French injectors, who gathered in Versailles every year around the year 2000, funded by the Foundation Ipsen


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Just by chance two days ago I found a video in Youtube
(the one below)
a 'book presentation' in Spanish about 'Our Lady of Charity'
and the cuban Soul; with a compilation of artistic memorabilia
on the whole matter by respected cuban-collector Emilio Cueto.
One piece from my 'Virgin-Boat' Series' is featured
in the book and commented about in this video.
Today; surprised and so glad I'm turning this event into a celebration
for my arrival to USA-38th anniversary by... boat...exactly!

subset: commoncrawl


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You've finally got that major gift prospect on the phone, and they've agreed to come in and meet you...now what?
We had the pleasure of talking to fundraising veteran Peter Heller, founder of Peter J. Heller Consulting about this very topic! Check out our video interview below, and don't miss these highlights:
- What to do before getting on the phone with your prospect (0:44")
- The 3 most important things to remember when meeting with a prospect (5:15")
- When you should turn down a $5,000 gift (6:15")


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Borel offers installation of all CNC Machining Centers.
Precision leveling with Wyler Electronic levels and squaring of machines.
Scraping of all machining centers. Also all alignment work, installation of anti-friction material on way surfaces bringing them back to factory specification or better.
With a machine technician available 24 hours a day, Borel can get you back in production. Call 313-537-4777 or 248-884-1566 for service.


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Auto Transport Services in Altus, Oklahoma
Domestic USA & International Auto Shipping
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Or call: 1-800-452-2880 for an additional 15% off.
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- Compare rates for shipping to or from Altus, Oklahoma
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- Get instant quotes using our form, or call: 1-800-452-2880
Safe and Reliable Altus Automobile Shipping
Altus is home to around 22,000 people and is the site for Altus Air Force Base where the United States military trains KC-135 and C-17 pilots. Residents enjoy swimming, boating and water sports on Lake Altus-Lugert and Altus City Reservoir as well as watching races at the Altus Speedway and touring local museums and galleries. There are a few local community parks as well as an 18-hole golf course at the Altus City Park. Many residents attend Western Oklahoma State University in Altus and there are many shops that cater specifically to college students including bookstores, coffee shops and small café's as well as other local retailers.
Go here more information about shipping in this area.
For more information about Altus, you can visit the official website. The website has links to local Altus social media pages, community events, and highlights as well as information for new residents including local utilities and other city services.
Table of Contents
Cost & Time To Ship Your Car Examples
|Shipping To/From
|Estimated Time
In Transit
|Altus to Oklahoma City
|138 miles
|1 – 2 days
|Santa Fe to Altus
|432 miles
|2 – 4 days
|Altus to Houston
|459 miles
|2 – 4 days
|Los Angeles to Altus
|1226 miles
|4 – 6 days
|Altus to Helena
|1377 miles
|4 – 6 days
|Washington, D.C. to Altus
|1473 miles
|4 – 6 days
|Altus to Philadelphia
|1520 miles
|5 – 7 days
|Portland to Altus
|1828 miles
|5 – 7 days
*Prices and times are estimated. They can vary depending on the season and what type of vehicle you are shipping.
Shipping a Luxury Car to Altus
When you need to have a luxury car or a very delicate or expensive car shipped you need to ensure that the company you hire is able to handle the car in a way that will prevent it from becoming damaged along the way. Keep these key points from A-1 Auto Transport in mind when booking transport for your car:
- Check with several companies prior to making a decision on the one to hire to move the car. Checking with several will allow time to compare rates as well as the services offered.
- Do a bit of research online to see if the company that interests you has good reviews or if they have complaints lodged against them. Even if a company may have complaints it is a good idea to see how the company responded and see if they took care of the customer. Often, people lodge complaints when the issue at hand is not a true issue at all, so keep that in mind as you are checking.
- Ask the agent if they specialize in luxury cars. Companies that specialize in transporting luxury, classic, exotic and highly expensive cars will have the know-how to handle your car expertly and keep it safe and fully secured during the shipment.
- Find out what amount of insurance is going to be applied to the car during shipment. All companies must insure the cars they haul, but some offer more coverage than others.
- If the insurance seems inadequate for your car, see if the company offers insurance upgrades. If so you will want to upgrade. If not, you may need to seek an outside insurance agent to purchase a policy to cover the car during the time it is enroute to the new location.
- Try to use enclosed trucks when possible to ship luxury cars. Enclosed trucks are secure, prevent debris and dirt from hitting the car and will help keep them damage-free during shipment. Not all companies have enclosed trucking options so it is best to check around until you find a reliable company that offers this service.
A-1 Auto Transport ships vehicles worldwide. Click here or call 1-800-452-2880 to get a free, no obligation to buy price quote to ship your car.
Altus Automobile Transport Directory
Marsh Transport Inc.
Marsh Transport Inc. is a full service automobile shipper that has complete registration with the US DOT. They offer reliable, affordable and quick transport options for cars, trucks, vans and SUV's. They can also ship motorcycles and boats and other freight. Marsh Transport Inc. is fully licensed, insured and bonded and can offer great shipping rates as well as a fast pick-up schedule.
PO Box 492, Altus, OK 73522
Triple F Trucking
Triple F Trucking has been in business for more than 5 years in the Devol area of Oklahoma. They are able to ship motor vehicles, general freight, construction equipment, agricultural farm supplies and grain feed hay. They are registered with the Department of Transportation and have a Motor Carrier number for transportation services. All transport of motor vehicles and other freight is fully insured and bonded and all drivers are fully licensed and extensively trained.
RR 2 Box 52, Devol, OK 73531
Altus includes ZIP codes
73521, 73522, 73523.


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High School Sports
Bluffton boys score first playoff victory
Spencer Sasko has been a part of Bluffton High School's tennis program for six years. Chris Davis has been present for five.
They've seen the program at its worst. They watched as the Bobcats struggled to win matches during their first two seasons and chalked it up to growing pains.
This spring, they've helped turn the rags to riches.
The Bobcats added to their record-breaking season Thursday afternoon, winning the first playoff match in school history, a 5-1 victory against Darlington in the opening round of the Class 3-A playoffs.
"We badly wanted to do this today," Davis said. "We waited a long time for it."
The wait is over. And the season continues.
Bluffton will host Camden on Tuesday in the second round, more territory unfamiliar to a team that won the first region title in school history and captured its first two victories over rival Hilton Head High.
The Bobcats had little trouble disposing of Darlington on Thursday, winning four of the five singles matches in straight sets and adding a three-set doubles win. Sasko took a hard-fought loss to Alex Howle at No. 1 singles, the Bobcats' only loss of the day, but he left the court celebrating the playoff win with his teammates.
"These kids played very, very good today," Bobcats coach Bob Brown said. "We're just having a whole lot of fun right now."
A trio of underclassmen -- freshmen Richard Snyder and David Rosenblum and eighth-grader Aaron Newland -- gave the Bobcats a quick 3-0 lead.
Davis trailed 4-1 in the second set of his No. 2 singles match against Brent Harrison, but he fought back to win the set and take the match 6-1, 6-4, clinching Bluffton's team victory. The Bobcats added a win in the day's only doubles match, when Diego Garcia and Zack Rardon came back from one set down to defeat Zachary Ward and Austin Blackman 3-6, 6-1, 10-6.
"Actually, in that first set, I was kind of scared -- even with four years experience on this team, I was nervous," Rardon said. "First time ever here. It was an exciting feeling."
The Bobcats expect to have worked out the butterflies before Tuesday's matchup with Camden. The Bulldogs bounced the Bobcats from the postseason in last year's first round with a 6-0 win, but Brown believes his team has made up some of the gap.
"We owe them a little something, because they bageled us last year," Brown said. "We know they're a tougher opponent, but they're not unbeatable. It might be an exciting match."
Bluffton, 5, Darlington 1
Singles: No. 1 Alex Howle (D) def. Spencer Sasko 6-3, 6-4; No. 2 Chris Davis (B) def. Brent Harrison 6-1, 6-4; No. 3 Richard Snyder (B) def. Marcus Sigmon 6-3, 6-0; No. 4 David Rosenblum (B) def. William Jordan 6-3, 6-0; No. 5 Aaron Newland (B) def. Brandon Eads 6-2, 6-0.
Doubles: No. 2 Diego Garcia/Zack Rardon (B) def. Zachary Ward/Austin Blackman 3-6, 6-1, 10-6.


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What Goes Into A Landscapers Toolkit?
To create an attractive landscape, a landscaper needs must have working knowledge about each tool in his arsenal. Additionally, for a successful landscaping project to take place, it requires perfect coordination and use of sound equipment. Final grade in Edmonton, Alberta is an art, and any successful artist must have the right tools.
Although, not all landscapers handle the same tool-set when landscaping, the crew over at Final Grade Edmonton shared some of the most utilized tools of basic garden preparation. The tools are divided into categories such as power equipment, hand tools and extensive equipment for companies.
Hand tools
Includes equipment mostly used physically through hands.
1. Small spade: Best used for digging weeds in places out of reach, annual hole digging and cautious digging around small plants.
2. Large spades: Often used for drilling holes where large and medium size crops would be planted. Landscapers use the shovel to shift top soil on top of garden beds.
3. Pruning tools: Most landscapers use this tool for cutting out small branches out of bushes and shrubs to create an excellent shape and maintain healthiness.
4. Prong cultivators: Landscapers use the tool to break soil clumps. Additionally, the tool is also used to remove weeds and small rocks from gardens.
5. Sprayers: Used to spray insecticides and clean water into the backyard.
6. Leaf rake: Landscapers use the leaf rake to remove dry and fallen twigs and leaves.
7. Garden rake: Used to even out soil and rake flowerbeds. Great for smoothing out your final grade.
Power equipment
1. Tiller: Landscapers use gas tillers to break the soil and prepare flower beds.
2. Chainsaw: Used for the trimming of large trees. Gas powered chainsaw are most preferable.
3. Weed whacker: Used to cut out the grass in areas unreachable by the mower. Gas powered weed whackers are most preferred.
4. Leaf blower: Used to blow out grass and leaves from a customer's yard.
5. Utility trailer: Landscapers need utility trailers to carry the equipment from one place to another.
6. Snow blower: Landscapers use the equipment for snow removal in cold areas.
Large equipment
1. Crane truck: Used to move transplanted large trees from one place to another. Hand or pickups can not move the transplanted trees.
2. Flatbed truck: Landscapers use the vehicles to carry out extensive operations such as moving bulldozers of fully grown trees. Flatbed trucks are often used to facilitate transportation of heavy machinery for use by the landscapers.
3. Bulldozer: Often used by landscapers when dealing with large landscaping contracts. The bulldozers are used to move earth from one place to another. In other words, they are used to shape the land, like in the final grade stage.
4. Ditch witch: Landscapers use the ditch witch to dig large and deep trenches for the use of installation of pipes and wires underground. In most cases, the ditch witch is expensive, so they are continuously used for hire by most landscaping companies.
5. Skid Steer: Also called Bobcats. The skid steers are used to move a large amount of dirt and gravel from one place to another. In most cases, the machine is used when bulldozers are too large for the job.
6. Backhoe: Used to dig big holes.
Final Grade in Edmonton, Alberta understands that each tool has its application purpose. They want to remind you not to become overwhelmed, and often these tools can be rented. If you prefer to not go the do-it-yourself route and be forced to purchase or rent final grading equipment, Final Grade Edmonton located in Alberta Canada is an excellent company with proven results.
Six Must Have Tools In Your Garage
There are fundamental tools that every garage should have to make it more effective. A well-equipped garage with the right tools leads to mechanical excellence. Working with the right equipment is enjoyable and satisfying.
What holds homeowners back from equipping their garages with quality tools is cost. You can find great deals at big box retailers or online construction supply companies like http://cf-t.com/.
Here are the six tools that are a must have in your garage:
Good quality screwdrivers are some of the most important tools you should have in your garage. Mostly there are three types of screws; flat-head (slotted head), Phillips(plus-sign head) and torx (six-point head). It's necessary to have a full set of the screwdrivers to tackle every need that arises with minimal struggle. This will also help you to handle tight spaces.
A garage is not complete without a wrench. This tool is used for tightening to the required levels such as bolts .It's important to have different sizes of wrenches for them to be effective and convenient. A wrench is really important as it ensures the wheel lug is tight enough for normal driving, and it should be well maintained and handled carefully.
Floor jack and jack stand
An efficient floor jack is an essential tool for your garage. A good floor jack fits well under your car and gives you enough space to work. Jack stands hold your vehicle safely while you are working underneath it ensuring that you remain safe.
Inspection lamp
Good lighting is a must-have for your garage to ensure successful proceedings of the work .you cannot be able to fix without seeing properly and, therefore, an inspection lamp is very vital for your garage. Lighting assists you to see the deep parts in your vehicle such as in the engine bay and be able to identify a problem and fix it accurately.
Fire extinguisher
A garage is enclosed with flammable materials, explosive liquids and electrical source of energy such as a battery meaning that there is a high risk of fire. Having something that can put out the fire is important and should not lack in your garage for the advantage of all the property in the garage and your safety.
Pliers are very important with various uses in the garage. They can be applied in the work of adjusting metal parts, cutting wires and also used in grabbing various objects in tight areas. There are various types of pliers such as needle nose and wire cutters.
Having these tools in your garage will ensure that you're always prepared! And make sure to visit http://cf-t.com/ to get a great deal.


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Kevin Kilner - Stars of the new comedy TV series 'Happyish' among a variety of other stars were photographed as they attended the premiere party which was held at the Sunshine Theatre in New York City, United States - Monday 20th April 2015
Kevin Kilner - House of Cards Season 2 Screening - Los Angeles, California, United States - Friday 14th February 2014
Kevin Kilner - Special Screening Of Netflix's "House Of Cards" Season 2 At Directors Guild Of America - Los Angeles, California, United States - Friday 14th February 2014
Kevin Kilner - RELATIVITY MEDIA Presents the US Premiere of PARANOIA, At The DGA Theatre - Hollywood, California, United States - Thursday 8th August 2013
Adam Cassidy is a technology whizz who wants nothing more than to take care of his ailing father who is struggling to live in poverty-stricken retirement despite working all his life. He has a low-paid job at a massive technology corporation but is presented with the chance of a lifetime by his boss Nicholas Wyatt who tells him he can make him rich. However, this involves infiltrating the firm's biggest rival business led by Wyatt's old mentor Jock Goddard in a plot of dangerous espionage to uncover their biggest secret. He finally succeeds in obtaining a revolutionary piece of equipment and presenting it to Wyatt, but he finds himself trapped as his boss refuses to let him leave the company as he now knows too much. Realising that he and his beloved father are in danger not only from Wyatt but from Goddard as well after discovering their ploy, he sets out to use what they taught him to destroy what they built.
Based on the 2004 novel of the same name by Joseph Finder, 'Paranoia' has been directed by Robert Luketic ('Legally Blonde', 'Monster-in-Law', 'Killers') with a screenplay by Jason Dean Hall ('Spread') and Barry Levy ('Vantage Point'). This corporate action thriller is set to hit the US on August 16th 2013.
Kevin Kilner - New York Premiere of 'House Of Cards' New York City NY United States Wednesday 30th January 2013
Raising Helen is all about Hudson, who stars in the title role, when it should focus on other topics -- the ties of family, coping with tragedy, and starting your life from scratch. The movie harps on how Helen's glamorous life is turned upside down when she is bequeathed her sister's three kids. The story should be on how hard it is for the kids, rather than Helen's bemoaning how fat her ass has gotten.
Continue reading: Raising Helen Review
The story is simple: There's no real plot or central character -- aside from a $20 that makes it way from a random pickup across several days and dozens of handlers. From a homeless woman (Linda Hunt) intent on buying a lottery ticket with it to the G-string of a stripper (Melora Walters) to a pair of thieves (Christopher Lloyd and Steve Buscemi) to many more characters normal and exotic, the bill gets filthier and filthier until its ultimate demise (and rebirth, back in the hands of Hunt's street urchin).
Continue reading: Twenty Bucks Review
On 'Tallulah', Grant Nicholas and Taka Hirose seem to have that burning connection again.
Adam Cassidy is a technology whizz who wants nothing more than to take care of...
The poster for Raising Helen features Kate Hudson, in a pose suited for a bearskin...


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