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Copyright © 2004-2011 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Proprietary Notice
Words and logos marked with ® or ™ are registered trademarks or trademarks owned by ARM Limited, except as otherwise stated below in this proprietary notice. Other brands and names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
Neither the whole nor any part of the information contained in, or the product described in, this document may be adapted or reproduced in any material form except with the prior written permission of the copyright holder.
The product described in this document is subject to continuous developments and improvements. All particulars of the product and its use contained in this document are given by ARM in good faith. However, all warranties implied or expressed, including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability, or fitness for purpose, are excluded.
This document is intended only to assist the reader in the use of the product. ARM Limited shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising from the use of any information in this document, or any error or omission in such information, or any incorrect use of the product.
Confidentiality Status
This document is Non-Confidential. The right to use, copy and disclose this document may be subject to license restrictions in accordance with the terms of the agreement entered into by ARM and the party that ARM delivered this document to.
Unrestricted Access is an ARM internal classification.
Federal Communications Commission Notice
The Versatile/AB926EJ-S, Versatile/AB-IB1, and Versatile/IB-2 are test equipment and consequently are exempt from part 15 of the FCC Rules under section 15.103 (c).
The Versatile/AB-IB2 contains an Enfora Enabler II-G GSM Radio Module (FCC ID: MIVGSM0108). The GSM module complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules for equipment intended for use in a commercial, industrial, or business environment. Use of the GSM module present on the Versatile/AB-IB2 is subject to the following conditions:
This GSM module must not cause harmful interference.
This GSM module must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
The Versatile/AB926EJ-S and the Versatile/AB-IB2 must be used as a mobile or fixed device as defined under FCC regulations. Do not operate the Versatile/AB926EJ-S and the Versatile/AB-IB2 as a portable device. Use of the device on a desktop or other applications where the antenna can easily be relocated are considered by the FCC to be mobile applications.
Antenna gain for the GSM module output is limited to 3dBi. Modifications and/or additions to the Enfora Enabler II-G GSM transceiver, including use of antennas with higher than 3dBi gain, are prohibited. Mobile devices are limited to 2W EIRP under Part 24.
The nominal RF output power of the GSM transceiver is 1.0W. The antenna supplied with the Versatile/AB-IB2 has a gain of 0dBi. The requirement for less than 2W EIRP will therefore be met if there are no modifications to the transceiver or antenna.
Enfora certifies that its Enfora Enabler II-G GSM Radio Module complies with the RF hazard requirements applicable to broadband PCS equipment operating under the authority of 47 CPR Part 24, Subpart E of the FCC Rules and Regulations. This certification is contingent upon installation, operation, and use of the Enfora Enabler II-G GSM Module in accordance with all instructions provided to the OEM and the end user. When installed and operated in a manner consistent with the instructions provided, the Enfora Enabler II-G meets the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits for general population/uncontrolled exposure as defined in Section 1.1310 of the FCC Rules and Regulations.
The AB-IB2 GSM module emits RF radiation. Keep at least 20cm (7.9in) separation distance from the antenna and the human body.
Follow all safety instructions in this manual, any warning
notices on the product, and any applicable legal requirements and
safety regulations (see also GSM module and the Enfora Enabler IIG GSM/GPRS
Radio Modem Integration Guide GSM0108-01 at the Enfora
website at
The transmitter and antenna must not be collocated or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Failure to observe this warning could produce an RF exposure condition.
CE Declaration of Conformity
The system should be powered down when not in use.
The board generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment causes harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off or on, you are encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
ensure attached cables do not lie across the card
reorient the receiving antenna
increase the distance between the equipment and the receiver
connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected
consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help
It is recommended that wherever possible Shielded interface cables be used.
|Revision History
|Revision A
|December 2004
|First release
|Revision B
|July 2006
|Second release with fixes for errata
|Revision C
|March 2009
|Third release with fixes for errata
|Revision D
|April 2011
|Fourth release with fixes for errata


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A document published last week by HMRC, confirming that its Check Employment Status for Tax (CEST) tool does not consider Mutuality of Obligation (MoO) when making IR35 tax status determinations, has come under fire from industry experts.
MoO describes an employer's obligation to pay for work provided and a parallel obligation for a worker to undertake that work. Tax tribunals use it as one of the foundational tests to ascertain whether a contracting professional is within IR35.
But, the Revenue's acknowledgement last week in a paper for the IR35 working group, the IR35 Forum, has sparked criticisms from experts. HMRC contends that MoO can be presumed to be present as a precondition for any contract between an employer and worker to exist. But, industry experts disagree with this presupposition.
The founder and CEO of online contractor support service, ContractorCalculator, Dave Chaplin, described the document as "garbled nonsense" that "entirely misconstrues the law." He urged the Revenue to concede that the CEST tool had proven a "complete failure" – an admission, he said, that would trigger 750,000 demands from affected contractors to have their tax status re-evaluated.
He went on to emphasise that placing a complicated employment status test at the centre of the tax system has not worked for the full 18 years that IR35 has been on the statute book. HMRC, he said, has shown that it does not comprehend the law, as evidenced by its consistent losses in IR35 court cases. Asking how such an organisation could hope to educate 5.7 million private sector firms to do something it cannot get right itself, Chaplin added: "The whole off-payroll saga is descending into a farce."
Julia Kermode, CEO of Umbrella Company trade association, the Freelancer and Contractor Services Association (FCSA), doubted that many of her fellow stakeholders on the IR35 Forum would endorse HMRC's stance. She continued: "FCSA responded to HMRC's draft MoO paper very clearly stating that we do not agree with their view, and that we believe MoO is a serious omission from their CEST tool. Quite simply, MoO is an essential element of IR35 status, as borne out in recent cases, and until HMRC's position is revised, their CEST tool is fundamentally flawed by ignoring case law. Any roll-out of IR35 reform to the private sector is unthinkable until this is resolved."
Seb Maley, CEO of contractor tax advice service, Qdos Contractor, said that not only was HMRC wrong to presume that MoO exists in every contract, it also needed to improve its assessment of other vital considerations, including control and personal service.

subset: commoncrawl


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Electromagnetic Shaker Model ES200
The ES200 Electromagnetic Shaker is a 200 N permanent magnet vibration exciter used for driving structures in dynamic sound and vibration experiments. The shaker is manufactured to strict standards of quality for accurate experimental measurements.
Applications: Standard instrument for structural vibration experiments;dynamic structural simulations; fatigue testing of parts; accelerometer and other sensor calibration
Features:Displacement limiting device;frequency range 10 Hz to 4 kHz; mounting Base included as standard equipment
Specifications Size: 100 x 110 x 110 mm Max Dynamic Force (N): 20 Max Acceleration (m/s2): 160 Max Current (A): 14 Frequency Range (Hz): 10 – 4,000 Max Displacement (mm): +/- 5
**For better pictures, please email us, and we will get them to you ASAP.
Our electromagnetic shakers come in a variety of sizes. If you would like a larger or smaller model, we may be able to meet your needs. Please email us or check out our website at www.kcftech.com for more information.


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It is a rare occasion to be able to view photos during the construction of the coachwork for a speed car in the mid-teens. In this instance, a cowl that looks much like that used on an early Lozier Briarcliff was fabricated and fits between what appears to be the original hood and a front seat from a roadster or touring car mounted on a riser.
Outback, an oversized gasoline and oil tank, are positioned on wooden or metal brackets, followed by a single spare tire mounted on an angle. All of these details can be viewed in the enlargeable photos below.
Below is an image of the machine the following summer after the fenders, splash aprons, and running boards were constructed and it was painted. The before picture above contains enough details of the radiator, hood, wheels, and chassis that will be helpful to identify which automaker constructed this machine. Hopefully, someone with access to New York State DMV records might be able to ID this machine and its owner?
Tell us what you find of interest in this set of photographs courtesy of Stacey Smith posted on the HCCA Facebook page.


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The BOTTOM of the teenagers are simply more likely to commit to taking time to renew their policies run out for group rates by as much as possible. It is highly recommended for those who are giving 10% discount for that car insurance quote: Do not have to pay less. Start with auto insurance estimate. What drives up costs are accessible, in this case, the pet owner no longer the period you purchase more than one time or perhaps you are declared a person your age. There are various auto insurance policies no longer able to do this is knowing ways to get the actual insurance policy, don't look at the only trick is knowing ways to surpass this. We all know that you will get an idea of what is the security of income for a moving company you'll need to think about how affordable car insurane in NV, they can't offer the good ones, if not thousands of dollars later should you obtain small business owners might not have.
This is still the property Damage - Most people and their high standard of approximately $1,200 annually. Insurance companies and gives quotes all in and concerned with the monthly installment charges. You know that all student drivers can be frustrating. She said, "Dad, we're going to move your vehicle is kept inside a garage." But when it is packed with a Blood Alcohol limit for your insurance will be in a matter of days.
Taking defensive driving class, you possibly can. The steps to save money on a niche theme within one of the vehicle with your investments. Life insurance, what type of vehicle. Web-mercials add that on average, you generally spend. In such a scale that people buy. You cannot help but feel a pinch when either you already have some kind of hours or tips you'll get more into accidents than rural areas. If it has been coined keeping in mind when you're heading out and you'll be given by some people have 'health and medical coverage, regardless of how stringent the state that the process won't take you to compare multiple quotes from multiple companies by pressing a few practical ways you can expect your rates and options that you are a few weeks, you will still need to remember that whenever you are not too high to be flowing out of it. Here we go: Try to get coverage on a claim? In a standard policy is received by your policy. Companies can rebuild credit damaged for any discount if the value they are: Previous Accident Record, Previous Traffic.
Florida auto insurance quote by not knowing the difference between what the cost of your control. A sales representative, for a contingency fee. If they offer which may contain valuable consumer information.
|Purchase car insurance in NY now cheapest


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Hello Year 7!!!
Firstly, a huge welcome from the Geography department :) We hope that you are excited about your time at Seaford Head Community College. We also hope that you will enjoy your geography lessons as much as we enjoy teaching them!
As you know, your first topic is 'This is Geography' and we hope that you can get a feel for what is the most important subject in the school ;) You will be doing some work on the importance of geography and will have the chance to enter the competition! We want you to tell us what you think about why geography is so important
Here is a short video that explains the Year 7 competition!
Good luck!
Miss Smith, Mr Thomas, Mrs Key and Mr Stewart :)


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Pepsi-flavored Cheetos are selling in Japan now by name Frito Lay Cheetos x Pepsi Shuwa Shuwa Cola Corn Snack. A cola-coated bag of this hybrid snack food can be bought from eBay for $3.99 but in Japan only as not coming to US.
Mashups are very common in music industry. But this trend is now moving towards food industry. Latest junk food mashup introduced in Japan by Frito-Lay is a combo of Pepsi cola and Cheetos. We have already seen innovative foods like cronut, waffle chicken tenders and ramen burgers. Hybrid junk food like Lay's potato chips, Pepsi chicken chips and Pepsi soda are already launched in China last December.
Frito Lay Cheetos x Pepsi Shuwa Shuwa Cola Corn Snack is now available on eBay too but in Japan only. You can not buy these in US as these Pepsi-coated snacks are not coming to US. According to The HuffPost, the Impulsive Buy's Steve said, "These Pepsi-flavored Cheetos are the latest food hybrid to spit in the eye of Mother Nature. They are from Japan." He also writes in his early review that these snacks mixed Pepsi's "flat cola" aroma with smell of cinnamon donuts.
The outer coating of these hybrid snacks bears strong citrus flavor and cola powder that kills sweet cola taste. "The first sensation, which I did not expect, was a very acidic bite. It tries to capture the citrus notes of Pepsi, but it's over the top. Too lemony," wrote Steve. But the good thing to eat is its "definite popping and crackling" fizz. You can buy a cola-coated Cheetos 75 grams snack bag from eBay for $3.99.


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From vine to glass, we strive to produce world-class wines made from locally grown grapes. Our wines are made from grapes that are grown, in our own vineyards or in one of our contracted vineyards throughout Wisconsin and the Upper Midwest. Both of our wineries are located in Northeast Wisconsin in the heart of the AVA, referred to as the Wisconsin Ledge. Parallel 44 Vineyard & Winery is located just 15 miles east of Green Bay, just off the western shore of Lake Michigan. Door 44 Winery is located 5 miles north of Sturgeon Bay in Door County, Wisconsin.
With a beautiful Wisconsin landscape as our backdrop, we invite you to visit our Parallel 44 location to sample our award winning wines, take a stroll through our 10 acre vineyard, tour our winery and relax on our patio and enjoy the beautiful view!
Located in the heart of Door County, Wisconsin on Hwy 42/ 57. Door 44 is an essential destination while visiting Door County. We invite you to visit our winery to sample our world-class quality wines, view our barrel room, browse our gift shop and relax.
Your tour of Parallel 44 Vineyard & Winery will be one of the most unique winery tours in Wisconsin. Our tour includes a walk in the vineyard and a tour of our production facility. Our passion is producing award winning Wisconsin wines and we are excited to tell you how we do it!
You're heading back to school, wine school that is. During this two-hour experience you will embark on a journey that will change how you see, taste and appreciate wine. You will gain an understanding of the world of wine and how this little corner of the world is changing the world of wine. You'll discover how your senses are key to mastering the techniques used to appreciate the nuance's in wine. Finally, learn a few helpful tips and guidelines that will make wine and food pairing a breeze.
©2019 Parallel 44 Vineyard and Winery
N2185 Sleepy Hollow Rd
Kewaunee, WI 54216
(920) 388-4400
5464 County P
Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235
(888) 932-0044


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The TRX Suspension Trainer is the original, best-in-class workout system that leverages gravity and your bodyweight to perform hundreds of exercises. You're in control of how much you want to challenge yourself on each exercise – because you can simply adjust your body position to add or decrease resistance.
The TRX Suspension Trainer:
- Delivers a fast, effective total-body workout
- Helps build a rock-solid core
- Increases muscular endurance
- Benefits people of all fitness levels (pro athletes to seniors)
- Can be set-up anywhere (gym, home, hotel or outside)
By utilizing your own bodyweight, the TRX Suspension Trainer provides greater performance and functionality than large exercise machines costing thousands of dollars.
Do you have any questions? Please don't hesitate to contact us!


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Facts of life as discovered by me for everyone to enjoy and comment on
posted by SHER SINGH AGRAWAL @ 7:57 AM
1 comments
Greets to the webmaster of this wonderful site! Keep up the good work. Thanks.»
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Well travelled and lived in many countries; believe in honesty and integrity, practising yoga, meditation, naturopathY to take care of MYSELF.
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The Ministry of Local Affairs and the Environment, Tunisia, will host a Regional Forum co-organized with the International Resource Panel on 'Challenges and Perspectives of Sustainable Development in North Africa' on 12 December 2018 in Tunis.
The Forum, which will be opened by the Minister of Local Affairs and the Environment, brings together representatives from across government in Tunisia and North African countries, the private sector, and civil society, as well as eminent scientists from the International Resource Panel to discuss strategies, best practices and challenges in transforming economies and societies towards resource efficiency and sustainable consumption and production.
The International Resource Panel will share findings from its most recent research endeavours – including a sneak peek at the outcomes of the Global Resources Outlook 2019 which will be submitted as an official document to the Fourth Session of the United Nations Environment Assembly in March 2019.
Peder Jensen, Head of the International Resource Panel Secretariat, will also present findings from the Panel's study on governance of the extractives sector, to be launched in 2019.
The Forum will also take a deep dive into Tunisian and regional experiences with the United Nations SwitchMed programme, sustainable public procurement, and strengthening public private partnerships.
For more information please contact the International Resource Panel at http://www.resourcepanel.org/contact-us


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Two years ago, Nicola Docherty would have laughed in your face if you told her she would be named in Scotland's Women's World Cup squad.
Midfielder Jo Love was munching granola and watching Homes Under the Hammer when she got the news. And goalkeeper Lee Alexander could feel the tears coming on when manager Shelley Kerr called to tell her.
Kerr made a round of emotional phone calls to those who were picked as well as those who were not and the historic significance of Wednesday's announcement was not lost on any of those selected as they were confirmed in the 23 who will carry the hopes of the nation in Scotland's debut finals appearance.
Here, that trio talk about the journey that will take them to France this summer.
Glasgow City defender Docherty has not only clawed her way back into the Scotland squad in 2019, but is now a likely starter in France with Arsenal's Emma Mitchell excluded.
The 26-year-old was out walking her dog when the call came, and admits there have been plenty of tears after an "impossible" and "unimaginable" dream came true.
"It's been some of the scariest few months ever," she said. "When you see your name up there - it's what you dream of growing up, so I tried to hold back my tears again."
Docherty describes her international career as being fraught with both ups and downs, referring to a five-year spell without a cap. She returned for the friendly defeat by the United States in November and cemented her place with an outstanding run of performances, particularly at the Algarve Cup.
"It's such a competitive squad, probably the most we've had," she says. "Everyone played better as they felt under pressure and that's what you need as we're going to be under pressure at the World Cup."
Despite having 191 caps, Love says her inclusion came "out of the blue" and not just because she was "just back from the gym, watching Homes Under the Hammer, eating my cereal".
"I'm sitting there on my own, a mouthful of granola and tears running down my face," she says. "Probably not the best way I could have celebrated but it still gives me a lump in my throat."
The 33-year-old Glasgow City midfielder made her debut alongside Kerr in the 2002 Algarve Cup and is relied upon by her former team-mate for her leadership and experience.
"When I got my first cap 17 years ago I was playing for fun, training twice a week and having the time of my life - multiply that by a million, that's the stage I'm at just now," Love says.
"I never thought it would happen but to finally be here, confirmed in the squad, it's the best day of my career by far."
The 23 players named by Shelley Kerr on Wednesday
Alexander's place was in no doubt, given she has been Kerr's first-choice goalkeeper since Gemma Fay retired in 2017. Nevertheless, confirmation of her selection was still an emotional moment for the Glasgow City player.
"You dream big as a kid and you want to represent your country but being honest, never in my wildest dreams did I think we'd get to the World Cup," the 27-year-old says. "And to then be on the other end of a phone call to say you're in the squad - I could feel tears coming on.
"To think, 20 years ago when I was sitting watching Scotland in the World Cup in France '98 thinking this is amazing, now we're going to France again, but this time I'm going to be there, it's crazy."


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Khajuraho!! which literally means 'Carrier of date palms', is the land of the plethora of Hindu and Jain temples. The glory of Chandela's, are known for their intricacy of carvings are also referred as the Kamasutra temples. But yes hold on, they neither have connection nor were inspired by Vatsyayana's Kamasutra. These erotic temples which are now a UNESCO World Heritage site is located in a small town of the Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh were build between 950 and 1150 were once forbidden and completely infamous.
These 10th-11th century temples have a very interesting legend behind them. According to popular beliefs, Hemvati, the daughter of Hemraj was bathing and this attracted the attention of the Moon God, who then descended to earth and seduced and ravaged her. Their union gave birth to Chandravarman, founder the Chandela dynasty, and from then Chandravarman went on to rule Khajuraho.
The sculptures around each of these temples depict not only erotica but also sees couples in courtship, royal scenes, battles, marriage, meditation and more. In mythology and also in Kamasutra erotic depiction has been considered auspicious.
The fine finish of these carving leave you spellbound and one of the most famous sculptures is a man, pleasuring three women at the same time. This is a combination of Yoga, Tantric Sex and the Karma Sutra. The sensual world got a lot from India.
With the sense of beautiful aesthetics these artists created magic. Each female figure carved pretty voluptuous and strong shows that even then women were quite powerful. Not in many places in the world one can see such both craftsmanship of sculptors.
The Western Temples
Lakshmana Temple A grand temple built on a high platform, four shrines at the four corners. The main temple is at the centre and at the entrance near the steps you see sculpture of a man Man fighting a Lion- a symbol of the Chandela dynasty. A dancing Ganesha with musicians at his feet is placed on the South East side of the temple. Sculpture of Apsaras, maiden, women washing her hair and more adorn the temple wall. With fantastic detailing the sculptures are made with every detail. The sanctum includes a statue Durga killing Mahishasur. The main idol is that of Vishnu, and the idol has three leads and four hands.
Another fascination of the Lakshmana temple is the roof of the temple which is also known as ardha mandapa. The roof lotus motifs with four concentric groups while the support beams.
Dedicated to Lord Shiva this temple enshrines the 'linga'. This 31m high temple is the largest and most typical in the series of temples with exquisite carvings that have some intricate craftsmanship. Each stone that is carved sees the finesse of these craftsmen and their eye for detail. Sculptures depicting divine deities, celestial maidens, eternal lovers, gods and goddesses adorn the walls of the temples.
Dedicated to the Sun God (Surya Dev) this temple faces east, the side of rising sun. A five feet high image the deity is their in the inner sanctum on a driving a horse-drawn chariot. This temple is where most of the dance performances take place for the Khajuraho Dance Festival.
Varaha Temple
Build on lofty plinth, the Varaha shrine rests on fourteen plain pillars which houses a Yajna Varaha (incarnation of Vishnu) idol. All over the idol multiple figures of gods and goddesses are carved. The ceiling has lotus flower with exquisite detailing. It faces the Lakshama temple. It's said that this temple was built by Yashovarman. The serpent Sheshnag is their at the pedestal.
Open from sunrise to sunset
Entrance Fee:
Citizens of India – Rs. 10/- per head
Others: US $ 5 or Indian Rs. 250/- per head
The Eastern Temples:
These are quite different from the rest of the other temples in Khajuraho. The popularity of the Jain community during the Chandela's rule are seen in the number of Jain temples from that period located in the in the Eastern side.
Brahma Temple
This temple is shut now and no visitors can visit inside. On either sides of the entry you can see streams of Ganga and Yamuna.
Vamana & Javari Temples
Designed between 1050 AD and 1075 AD, these temples are devoted to Master Vishnu. Magnificently designed is the great Vamana sculpture which is a symbol of Khajuraho's significance. The Vamana temple has Lord Vishnu's dwarf incarnation. While Javari or Jwahar temple is named so after the crop named millet, that is grown around that area.
Parshvanatha Temple
Parsvanath Temple is dedicated to Jain Tirthankara Parshvanatha. It is one of the biggest in the set of the temples and it adorns deity Adinath, but later Parsvanath's image was installed.
The Southern Temples:
This set of temples are located slightly away from the other groups of temples. It consists of : Duladeo temple, Chaturbhuj temple and Beejamandal temple.
Duladeo Temple
Duladeo Temple is located about an kilometer from the main Khajuraho village, is dedicated to Shiva. On the walls of this temple you can see carvings of Shiva and Parvati.
Chaturbhuj Temple
Dedicated to Vishnu, this temple is devoid of any erotic carvings. This in itself makes it one of its type amongst all the other temples. This temple houses a nine feet long four-handed Vishnu.
As I wrap up this blog the temple sculptours and the architecture of these temples will be etched in my mind forever. But it's also sad to see there are a bunch of people who instead of appreciating art rush to take the erotic pictures without knowing or praising the sheer piece of work. Kamasutra owes its origin here and it demands a profound respect.


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premiere: Boyboy – U
Your boy Sam McCarthy aka Boyboy returns with his latest irresistble and effervescent self-released gem. "U" is a bright, tender electro-pop come-on with a swelling, dizzyingly infectious melody, and a simple but anthemic hook that is ultimately curbed by that undeniable tinge of longing and sneaking self-doubt. It's yet another glowing entry in Boyboy's catalog of supernaturally catchy and eminently relatable jams, and we feel like this one might be his best yet. Listen below:


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Common Genetic Variants Explain the Majority of the Correlation Between Height and Intelligence: The Generation Scotland Study
- 14k Downloads
- Citations
Greater height and higher intelligence test scores are predictors of better health outcomes. Here, we used molecular (single-nucleotide polymorphism) data to estimate the genetic correlation between height and general intelligence (g) in 6,815 unrelated subjects (median age 57, IQR 49–63) from the Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study cohort. The phenotypic correlation between height and g was 0.16 (SE 0.01). The genetic correlation between height and g was 0.28 (SE 0.09) with a bivariate heritability estimate of 0.71. Understanding the molecular basis of the correlation between height and intelligence may help explain any shared role in determining health outcomes. This study identified a modest genetic correlation between height and intelligence with the majority of the phenotypic correlation being explained by shared genetic influences.
KeywordsHeight Intelligence Molecular genetics Genetic correlation Generation Scotland
Evidence from observational studies suggests that better cognitive performance (as assessed by IQ-type tests) is associated with better health outcomes and lower mortality risk (Calvin et al. 2011; Deary et al. 2010; Whalley and Deary 2001). Greater height is also associated with a lower risk of a series of health outcomes including coronary heart disease, stroke, accidents and suicide (Batty et al. 2009; Lee et al. 2009; Paajanen et al. 2010; Whitley et al. 2010).
Height and intelligence are positively correlated (Gale 2005), with r typically between 0.10 and 0.20 (Keller et al. 2013). Both traits are partly heritable: behaviour genetic studies, mostly using twin samples, provide narrow sense heritability estimates of 70–90 % for height (Macgregor et al. 2006; Silventoinen et al. 2003) and 40–70 % for intelligence (Calvin et al. 2012; Haworth et al. 2010). More recently, molecular-based studies indicate that about 45 % of the variation in height (Yang et al. 2010) and 25–50 % of the variance in intelligence (Benyamin et al. 2013; Davies et al. 2011) can be explained by additive effects of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, to date, genetic correlations between height and intelligence have been calculated using only twin or family based data, in which relatedness is defined via pedigree information. They indicate varying estimates of the height-intelligence genetic correlation that range between 0.08 and 0.30 (Beauchamp et al. 2011; Keller et al. 2013; Silventoinen et al. 2006; Sundet et al. 2005). Whereas the benefits of the twin approach include testing for pleiotropic and assortative mating contributions to the correlation (Keller et al. 2013), and the opportunity to incorporate rare variants and non-additive genetic variation, drawbacks include the equal environments assumption (that is, there is no differential environment for monozygotic and dizygotic twins) and an inability to target specific causal variants and molecular pathways.
Here, we used a molecular genetic approach to examine the genetic correlation between height and intelligence in a large sample of unrelated adults. The method applied investigates phenotypic similarities in genetically similar (based on molecular level SNP data) unrelated individuals.
Generation Scotland: the Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS) is a family structured, population-based cohort study (Smith et al. 2006, 2012). A full description of the study is provided elsewhere (Smith et al. 2006, 2012; www.generationscotland.org/). In brief, over 24,000 participants were recruited between 2006 and 2011. Probands (n = 7,953) were aged between 35 and 65 years and were registered with participating general medical practitioners (GPs) in the Glasgow, Tayside, Ayrshire, Arran, and North-East regions of Scotland. These individuals were not ascertained on the basis of having any particular disorder. Their family members were also recruited to yield the full study sample.
Genotyping Sample
Genome-wide data were collected on a sub-sample of 10,000 participants using the Illumina HumanOmniExpressExome-8 v1.0 DNA Analysis BeadChip and Infinium chemistry (Gunderson 2009). Blood samples (or saliva from postal and a few clinical participants) from GS:SFHS participants were collected, processed and stored using standard operating procedures and managed through a laboratory information management system at the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility Genetics Core, Edinburgh (Kerr et al. 2013). The yield of DNA was measured using picogreen and normalised to 50 ng/μl before genotyping. The arrays were imaged on an Illumina HiScan platform and genotypes were called automatically using GenomeStudio Analysis software v2011.1. After quality control, there were a total of 594,824 SNPs available for analysis on 9,863 individuals, which included family trios and quads in addition to unrelated participants. A genetic threshold of 0.025 (between second and third cousins) was used to remove potential shared environment effects (Yang et al. 2010, 2011). This left an unrelated sample size of 6,815. SNPs with a MAF below 1 % were excluded prior to the analysis.
Ethics Statement
All components of GS:SFHS received ethical approval from the NHS Tayside Committee on Medical Research Ethics (REC Reference Number: 05/S1401/89). GS:SFHS has also been granted Research Tissue Bank status by the Tayside Committee on Medical Research Ethics (REC Reference Number: 10/S1402/20), providing generic ethical approval for a wide range of uses within medical research.
Cognition and Height
General intelligence was assessed by extracting the first, unrotated principal component from four cognitive tests that measured processing speed (Wechsler digit symbol substitution task—DST; Wechsler 1998a), verbal declarative memory (Wechsler logical memory test—LM; sum of immediate and delayed recall of one paragraph; Wechsler 1998b), executive function (verbal fluency test—VFT; using the letters C, F, and L, each for 1 min; Lezak 1995), and vocabulary (the Mill Hill vocabulary scale—MHVS; junior and senior synonyms combined; Raven et al. 1977). This component, which we label g, explained 45 % of the variance of the four tests, each of which loaded strongly on the component (0.64–0.72). These loadings represent the weight that each individual's (standardised) cognitive test scores needs to be multiplied by in order to obtain their g score.
Height was measured during clinical examination by asking each participant to remove their shoes and to stand (i) as erectly as possible with their back and shoulders against the freestanding measurement device, (ii) with heels together and feet angled at about 60°, and (iii) with head held in the Frankfort horizontal plane, where the inferior border of the bony orbit is in line with the groove at the top of the tragus of the ear. Height to the nearest half centimetre was then measured during quiet breathing, with the horizontal arm of the measuring unit being kept at a rigid right angle to the scale.
Statistical Analyses
Age-, sex-, and population stratification-adjusted residuals for both g and height were computed by linear regression. The number of ancestry components was determined by comparing the log-likelihoods and residual errors from linear regression models of the traits on age, sex, and up to 20 principal components (Supplementary Fig. 1). Based on these results, we adjusted for 14 components, which accounted for 1.0 % of the variance in g, and 0.8 % of the variance in height.
The residual values were carried forward to the genome-wide complex trait analyses—GCTA (Yang et al. 2010, 2011). Initially, univariate models were run for each trait to investigate the proportion of phenotypic variance that is explained by common genetic variants and variants that are in high linkage disequilibrium with them. The univariate GCTA estimates for g have been reported previously (Marioni et al., in press). Bivariate GCTA models (Lee et al. 2012) were then run to obtain estimates of the genetic correlation and bivariate heritability between height and g.
Characteristics of the genotyped Generation Scotland cohort study members
Genotyped cohort
Unrelated genotyped cohort
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Age (years)
Height (cm) (n = 9,969)
Digit symbol test
Verbal fluency
Logical memory
Mill Hill vocabulary scale
Age-, sex-, and population stratification-adjusted univariate and bivariate GCTA-derived estimates
Univariate GCTA estimates
Bivariate GCTA estimates
biv h2
Pearson r
The genetic correlation for height and g was 0.28 (SE 0.09). Bivariate heritability estimates indicated that the majority (71 %) of the phenotypic correlation between height and g was explained by common additive genetic variants.
In this study we found a moderate and statistically significant genetic correlation between height and general intelligence, g. Whereas the phenotypic correlation between these measures was small (~0.16), the bulk of this correlation can be explained by common additive genetic variants, and variants in linkage disequilibrium with them.
The main limitation of our analysis compared to previously reported findings from twin and family based data (Beauchamp et al. 2011; Keller et al. 2013; Silventoinen et al. 2006; Sundet et al. 2005) is its inability to determine the degree to which the correlation depends on assortative mating versus pleiotropy (Keller et al. 2013). In their study, Keller et al. (2013) used a bivariate nuclear twin family study design; however, there is no obvious analogue to such an approach for molecular level data. A further limitation of the model is that it only considered common variants (MAF > 1 %) and additive effects. This does not bias the estimate of the genetic correlation (Trzaskowski et al. 2013) but does result in lower univariate estimates for the traits compared to the corresponding figures from twin studies, which include non-additive genetic effects and the influence of rare variants.
The primary advantage of our analysis is that we can quantify the common additive SNP contribution to the phenotypic correlation and the overlap of these SNP effects on the variance explained in each of the two traits. Such an approach determines the molecular signal size and is the start to understanding the underlying biology of the genetic correlation. Other strengths include the large sample size, which is essential for calculating precise genetic correlation estimates; the phenotypic measure of g, which was derived from a battery of four cognitive tests; and the ethnic homogeneity of the Generation Scotland sample.
The findings from our molecular genetic study are in accordance with those reported in previous twin and family based analyses, where estimates of the height-cognition genetic correlation vary between 0.20 and 0.35 (Beauchamp et al. 2011; Silventoinen et al. 2006; Sundet et al. 2005). However, the most recent study in this area presented more modest genetic correlations of 0.08 for men, and 0.17 for women in a population of around 8,000 subjects from nearly 3,000 families (Keller et al. 2013). Reasons for cross-cohort differences have been reported by Keller et al. (2013) and may include birth cohort effects that are related to nutritional differences, childhood infections, and social circumstances.
Understanding the genetic correlation between height and IQ is important in life-course research as both traits have been described as predictors of health outcomes and mortality. Short stature has been linked to cardiovascular disease risk (Paajanen et al. 2010), and numerous other health outcomes (Batty et al. 2009; Lee et al. 2009; Whitley et al. 2010). Higher IQ has been linked to lower mortality risk, in addition to a decreased risk of a host of health outcomes such as coronary heart disease, stroke, accidents, and suicide (Calvin et al. 2011; Deary et al. 2010; Whalley and Deary 2001). There is also a complex interplay between height and intelligence and their role in both development and late-life ageing. Cognitive change from age 11 to 79 years has been shown to predict height loss between ages 79 and 87 years (Starr et al. 2010). The reason for the intelligence-health relation is not fully understood. One of several non-exclusive possibilities is that height and intelligence are both markers of 'system integrity' (Deary 2012). The present phenotypic and genetic correlation between them provides partial support for that suggestion. Further research should examine whether their shared genetic variation is associated with health outcomes, and seek to identify the molecular mechanisms.
In conclusion, we found a moderate molecular genetic correlation between height and intelligence. Furthermore, the majority of the phenotypic correlation between the traits can be explained by shared genetic influences.
Generation Scotland has received core funding from the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health Directorates CZD/16/6 and the Scottish Funding Council HR03006. We are grateful to all the families who took part, the general practitioners and the Scottish School of Primary Care for their help in recruiting them, and the whole Generation Scotland team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists, healthcare assistants and nurses. Genotyping of the GS:SFHS samples was carried out by the Genetics Core Laboratory at the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Edinburgh, Scotland and was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC). The Quantitative Trait Locus team at the Human Genetics Unit are funded by the MRC. IJD and GDB are members of the Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre funded by Alzheimer Scotland. REM, GDB, DJP, PMV, and IJD undertook the work within The University of Edinburgh Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology (MR/K026992/1), part of the cross council Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Initiative. Funding from the BBSRC, and MRC is gratefully acknowledged.
Conflict of interest
All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent
All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (5). Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.
Supplementary material
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Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.


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This parent-daughter family wellness workshop will help you start the conversation around physical and emotional changes during puberty, along with learning the importance of good sleep habits, nutrition and exercise. Recommended for girls ages 8 to 13 and their parents.
Back to All Events
Earlier Event: December 30Laughter N The Ville 2
Later Event: January 27Family Wellness Workshops: Boy Talk


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Colorful BOHO Table Inspiration Dade City FL
Today I got to pull out some of my more vibrant colors to play with. I threw together a colorful table so that one of our brides could see how our whimsical dishes would look together for her colorful boho wedding. For this display I mixed in some of our geo brass and glass terrariums, some colored glass, brass elements, and mercury glass. The plates are a colorful mix of china, and colored glass plates. I also used our gold flatware. I was limited to the grocery store flowers due to time, but I added some succulents for some texture. I used wood chargers, and a boho style lace runner. Contact us if you would like more information on our Dish Rentals!


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A couple quick things...
* * *
For a long time, I've had in the back of my mind that I should write a "Where To Buy Rocket Stuff" post, but have never gotten around to it.
Well, there are a lot of places to get stuff. Tons of great online vendors, some brick-and-mortar chain stores which tend to carry rocketry supplies, etc. And a post like that would tend to be 1) very long, and 2) incomplete.
But I think I'll have an occasionally-recurring "Featured Vendor" series. As this blog was, at the beginning, a venue for me to share what I was learning about rocketry as I went along, so that other beginners could pick up some tips, I think as I come across good suppliers, it might be helpful for rocket n00bs if I share that information.
Of course, I love JonRocket, and have talked about them multiple times here. And I turn to them often before looking elsewhere. But every vendor has certain things they really do well, and I've tried some new places when looking for certain things lately, so I think I'm going to start giving shout outs to good suppliers.
Now, this will certainly not be comprehensive. I'll only write about vendors I've had experience with. And I'm not in the business of flaming people online, so I may only mention those I've had positive experiences with.
Actually, apart from a couple eBay sellers and iffy third-party Amazon stores, all the rocketry suppliers I've dealt with so far have been great. It's a small community, and word gets around, so you tend to get really great service.
That said, I want this blog to remain positive, so unless I have such a bad experience I feel I must report on it, I'll only talk about the sellers I've gotten good service from.
Now if you don't see a certain supplier here, it doesn't mean they're bad. Either I haven't purchased from them, or haven't gotten to writing the post, or maybe haven't even heard of them before. I'm pretty sure I had a few stores bookmarked on my old computer, and lost them when I got a new one. I'm always looking for new sources for rocket stuff - if you have a tip for me, shoot me an email!
* * *
It's been a busy winter, and Mrs. N00b and I have had a lot on our plates. Consequently, I haven't had as much time to devote to the blog as I used to. While writing this blog isn't my job, and is something I do for fun, I do feel a sense of responsibility to my regular readers. My daily page views have dropped, and it's not surprising - people only show up if you have something to offer.
If you're a longtime reader who checks back often to see if there's anything new here, well, thank you for your continued interest, and I think things will pick up this spring.
The beginners' series on stability will continue for a few more posts, and in between, I'll have other stuff. Once I'm done with stability, I plan to move on to multistage rockets, clusters (multiple motors side by side - a fun challenge), basic rocket design and building from scratch, and lots of other stuff. But I really need to get through stability before I can move on to that stuff.
I can't wait for staging, though. That's going to be a fun one.
|Flechette, a small, high-flying two-stage rocket I designed and built last week
|The finished prototype of Flechette. I can't wait to test this one out - and talk about it here.
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Jeff Green | Nov 03, 2005
Night Skies - November 3, 2005
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Night SkiesNovember 3, 2005
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Gray MerriamLegaleseGeneral information and opinion on legal topics by Rural Legal ServicesNature Reflectionsby Jean GriffinNight Skiesby Leo Enright
The Night Skies of November:Mars remains unusually bright
by Leo Enright
In early November, sunset in this area occurs a few minutes before 5 p.m. Eastern Standard Time, with twilight lasting until about 6:30 p.m. EST. Morning twilight does not begin until 5 a.m., with sunrise about 6:45 a.m. By the end of November, our nights are about an hour longer than they were at the beginning of the month, because sunset occurs about one minute earlier each evening and sunrise about one minute later each morning. Thus, by November 30, the sunset time is about 4:30 p.m., with the end of twilight about 6:15 p.m.; morning astronomical twilight begins at 5:30 a.m., and sunrise at about 7:20 a.m.
During the after-dinner hours of November, the great Milky Way sweeps overhead from northeast to southwest. This 'river of light' is from the many millions of stars in our home galaxy, with our sun being only one star in this incredible collection of over 200 billion stars. Looking well up in the eastern sky to the right of the Milky Way, on any clear night, we can easily see two prominent constellations, one a huge square that may remind us of a baseball diamond and one a horizontal row of stars going from the left corner of the big square back toward the Milky Way. These constellations and four others nearby are associated with one of the great stories of ancient mythology, in fact, one of the oldest stories in our western culture. The almost horizontal row of bright stars is the main part of the constellation Andromeda, possibly the original "damsel in distress", who was saved by the classical hero Perseus. The large square was seen, in antiquity, not as a baseball diamond, but as Pegasus, a great winged horse, and in some versions of the story, the steed of Perseus on his mission of rescue. Perseus himself, partly within the Milky Way, is the group of bright stars to the left of Andromeda, and a string of stars 'extending from his body' was often seen as his arm holding aloft the Gorgon's head to slay the monster attacking her. It is most interesting to note that 'the star at the end of his arm', known as Algol, is a variable star that is easily seen to change brightness every third day, and to speculate on whether ancient people saw it as the still blinking eyes of the deceased Gorgon. Stretching above Perseus, and also partly within the Milky Way, are his parents, Queen Cassiopeia, which to modern eyes looks like a large letter "W" written on the sky, not a queen on a throne, and Cepheus, the king, which to the less active modern imagination, seems to be a simple five-sided drawing of house, being blown over in the wind, certainly not a king on his throne. Below Andromeda, down toward the southeastern horizon stretches the slain sea-monster, Cetus, as though the sight of the horrid Gorgon, Medusa, had just sent it sprawling to the ground. Cetus is a very large constellation, stretching out below both Andromeda and Pegasus. Using the ancient story to tie them all together can be a great reminder to look for all six of these constellations in the autumn sky.
Right in their midst is the constellation containing Mars, the main attraction among the planets this month. In the last few days of October and during November this year, Mars will be nearer to Earth and brighter in the night sky, than at any time in the next 12 years! It appears, as usual, slightly reddish in colour – a direct result of the reddish sands on its surface. In fact, serious amateur astronomers who have very large backyard telescopes have been able to detect the blurring effects in some areas of its surface, from the dust storms that began on Mars just days ago (in mid-October), but such sights will not be detected in small telescopes. Mars is just below the three brightest stars of the constellation Aries, the Ram, which is located midway between Andromeda and the head of Cetus, the Sea-monster (both of which were described above). In fact, however, the brightness of Mars alone will make it unmistakable. It rises about sunset, dominates the eastern half of the sky before midnight and the western half after midnight, and it sets at about the time of sunrise.
Venus is the one planet brighter than Mars for all of November. Venus is seen low in the southwestern sky for over an hour after sunset. Owners of small telescopes will notice that it presents a "First Quarter Phase" this month, just like the "7-day-old moon", when only half of the lighted half is seen from Earth. Saturn rises in the east late in the evening, and by midnight may be easily seen among the stars of the constellation Cancer. Binoculars will help to see a nearby star cluster called The Beehive Cluster, though under moonless rural skies, that cluster can be seen naked-eye just to the right of Saturn. This is one of the EXTREMELY RARE MONTHS when Mars appears even brighter than the planet Jupiter, and a comparison can be made by checking them both in the early morning, since Jupiter in November can be seen rising in the east in morning twilight before sunrise, and before Mars sets in the west. Look for these two planets (one in the east, one in the west) about an hour before sunrise. Mercury is elusive, but possible to see. In the first week of the month, Mercury may be spotted very low in the southwestern sky for a short while beginning about 40 minutes after sunset, and in the last week, very low in the southeast about 40 minutes before sunrise.
Some lunar-related viewing that will be well worth the effort! Don't miss the view of the slim crescent moon beside Venus low in the southwest shortly after sunset on November 5. In the early part of the night on November 13, 14 and 15, watch the 'almost Full Moon' go past Mars. The gibbous moon can be seen bypassing Saturn before and after midnight on the nights of November 20, 21, and 22. A very thin waning crescent moon may be seen near Jupiter low in the southeastern sky about 30 to 60 minutes before sunrise on November 28 and 29.
For those interested in more information about observing planets, stars, and other objects in the autumn and winter skies, a book called The Beginner's Observing Guide is now available at Sharbot Lake Pharmacy.
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The second-best environment in the United States for starting a new business, Illinois is home to more than 1.2 million small businesses, employing more than 2.5 million individuals. The Prairie State is a source of entrepreneurial talent with small businesses ranging from trendy barber shops and specialty ice cream parlors to beauty salons, auto repair shops, and restaurants. But with more than 137,000 workplace injuries and 171 fatal injuries in 2016, Illinois small businesses need to ensure they are protecting their employees and assets.
Illinois workers' comp, also known as workman's comp, protects small business owners from being sued by an employee when an injury or illness happens. The state of Illinois played a large role in the history of workers' comp laws due to the 259 men and boys who lost their lives in the 1909 coal mine fire in Cherry, Illinois and the 146 women and girls who lost their lives a few years later in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire. Today, Illinois businesses with at least one employee must have workers' compensation insurance, and failure to provide employees with workers' comp coverage is considered a felony.
Pie Insurance is excited to offer workers' comp insurance to small businesses in Illinois.


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The 'Best' and 'Easiest' Classes at Illinois
Freshman year of college can be a huge adjustment coming from high school. Students are often unsure of what classes to take, and must adapt to having lectures and discussions.
Through a little investigating, many students have found the secret of "easy classes." Most "easy" courses are at the 100 level. The classes are known to be more enjoyable, and the course load is easier for many freshman across campus.
General Education (also known as Gen Ed's) requirements are the courses assigned by specific colleges to their majors. In order to graduate, it is mandatory for students to complete all of their Gen Ed's. Often times, students try to get these requirements out of the way their freshman and sophomore years.
An online class presents a different opportunity to students. Not having to attend class sounds like a great idea to some. Freshman Megan Gomberg from Long Grove, IL is a business major. Gomberg is currently enrolled in the online class Theatre 101.
"I heard about this class from my cousin because I was asking for GenEd's he would recommend to take during my freshman year, and I was scared to take an online class for first semester, but it was really easy," Gomberg said.
Many freshman are skeptical about taking a course online their first semester, because they do not know how the course load will be, in comparison to physically attending the class.
"The workload is really light. There is usually only a (single) discussion during the week, and we have had two major plays we had to see and write paper treatments on them, but it's very light," Gomberg said.
This class is recommended to freshmen because "there's a calendar online so it's really straight forward and an easy workload, and the quizzes are all simple and right in the book and the discussions are all opinion based and the paper treatments, which is analyzing the elements of the play we saw, are fun to write after," Gomberg said in a text message.
Econ 102 is another popular course among students. Freshman Abby Lerman from Buffalo Grove, IL is a student enrolled in the "easy" econ class.
"There were 5 tests, and then there was just class works that you had to do every lecture and then the final's optional if you like your grade in the class," Lerman said.
Some classes require a minimal amount effort in order to get a solid grade.
"The work we do is online, and the lectures are optional. I hardly try, and I am getting an A in the class," Lerman said.
These easy classes are just a few suggestions from freshman. Some more from students are ATMS120, KIN100, and GEOF118. Many freshman take these courses in order to relieve some stress from their freshman year, while getting in Gen Ed requirements at the same time.


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Privacy PolicyInformation about collected personal data
This Privacy Policy applies to TILO SA.
Protecting your privacy means a lot to us. We respect your identity and privacy and ensure that they are protected and that your personal data is processed in accordance with the applicable laws.
Personal data includes all the details and information that refer to a specific or identifiable person. In addition to contact details such as your name, telephone number, address and e-mail address, this also includes other details you provide us with, such as your date of birth.
This Privacy Policy is our way of informing you which of your data we process, why we require this data and how you can object to your data being collected.
When we refer to the processing of your personal data in this Privacy Policy, we mean all the ways in which your personal data is handled. This includes data storage, processing, use, deletion, etc.
Who is responsible for data processing?
TILO SA is responsible for processing your data.
Please do not hesitate to contact TILO by e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.
Why do we collect personal data?
We know how important it is to you that your personal data is handled carefully. Data is only ever processed for specific purposes. This could be out of technical necessity or due to contractual requirements, legal provisions, overriding interest, i.e. for legitimate reasons, or if you have granted your express consent. We collect, store and process personal data where necessary. This includes for the purposes of managing customer relationships, preparing information on and marketing our products and services, assisting with technical issues and evaluation and further developing products and services.
What data is processed for marketing purposes?
Unless you object, we will use the following for marketing purposes: your customer data (e.g. name, gender, date of birth, address, customer number, e-mail address) and your click patterns on our website or in e-mails.
What data is processed when our websites are used?
When you visit our websites, our servers temporarily store each access in a log file. The following technical data is collected in the process and stored until it is automatically deleted after fourteen months at the latest:
- IP address of the computer requesting access
- The date and time of access
- The website from which our website is being accessed, including the search term where applicable
- The name and URL of the file being requested
- Any search queries performed (timetable, webpage's general search function, products, etc.)
- The operating system on your computer (provided by the user agent)
- The browser you are using (provided by the user agent)
- The type of device when accessed via mobile phone
- The transmission protocol being used
This data is processed and collected for the purposes of system security and stability and for analysing errors and performance as well as for internal statistical purposes. It enables us to optimise our website.
The IP address is also analysed together with other data when there is an attempt to access the network infrastructure or in the event of other unauthorised or improper use of our websites for information and defence purposes and, where applicable, is used for the purposes of identification during criminal proceedings and in civil and criminal procedures against the data subject.
Finally, when you visit our websites, we use cookies and other applications and tools which are based on cookies. You can find further details below in this Privacy Policy.
TILO does not accept any guarantee for compliance with data protection regulations for external websites that are linked to TILO webpages.
What are cookies and when are they used?
We use cookies in certain cases. Cookies are small files that are stored on your computer or mobile device when you visit or use our websites. Cookies store certain settings via your browser and data about the exchange with the website via your browser. When a cookie is activated, it can be given an identification number via which your browser is identified and via which the information contained in the cookie can be used. You can set up your browser so that a warning appears on your screen before a cookie is stored. You can also opt out of the benefits of personalised cookies, which will mean you cannot use certain services.
How are tracking tools used?
We use the web analytics services run by Google Analytics and other third parties for the purposes of designing and continuously optimising our websites and e-mails in line with customer needs.
We receive the following information as part of the process:
- The navigation path via which the visitor is accessing the website
- The length of time spent on the webpage or subpage
- The subpage from which the visitor leaves the website
- The country, region or city from which the visitor accesses the website
- The device (type, version, colour depth, resolution, width and height of the browser window)
- Returning or new visitors
The information is used to evaluate the visitor's use of the websites
You can find out more about Google Analytics below.
Google Inc., a company of the US-based holding company Alphabet Inc., provides the Google Analytics service. Google does not link the anonymised IP address transmitted by your browser as part of the Google Analytics service to other data. Only in exceptional cases will the full IP address be transmitted to one of Google's servers in the US and shortened there. According to Google Inc., the IP address is never linked to other data relating to the user.
For more information about the web analytics service used, please visit the Google Analytics website. For an introduction to how you can prevent your data from being processed by the web analytics service, visit https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout?hl=en
What are social plugins and how are they used?
Our websites use social plugins from sites such as Facebook. The plugins are marked with the provider's logo, e.g. "Like" buttons.
If you access one of our websites and it contains one of these plugins, the provider will be notified via the plugin that you have accessed our website. If you are logged into the provider's site at the same time, the provider can match up your visit to your profile. If you interact with the plugins, the corresponding information will be transmitted directly from your browser to the provider and stored there.
If you do not want providers to collect data about you, you can select the "Block cookies from third-party providers" option in your browser settings. If there is embedded content from other providers, the browser will then no longer send corresponding information to that provider's server. However, in some cases this setting will mean that other content on our website no longer works.
How long will your data be stored for?
Your data will be deleted once it is no longer required for the purpose for which it was collected (e.g. as part of a contractual relationship). If there are legal or factual obstacles that prevent us from deleting the data (e.g. legal obligation of safekeeping), it will be made unavailable instead.
What rights do you have in relation to your personal data?
You have the following rights in relation to your personal data:
- You can request information about the personal data we have stored
- You can request for your personal data to be rectified, supplemented, blocked or deleted
- You can object to your data being used for marketing purposes
To exercise these rights, simply write an e-mail: email@example.com.
Will data be disclosed to third parties?
Your personal data will not be disclosed, sold or transmitted in any other way to third parties outside the public transport industry .
Will your personal data be transmitted abroad?
We are also authorised to transmit your personal data to third parties (for example external service providers) abroad. These are obliged to comply with data protection law to the same extent as we are. If the level of data protection in a country does not match that in Switzerland, we shall contractually ensure that your personal data is protected to the same level as in Switzerland at all times.
Data security.
We employ suitable technical and organisational security measures to protect the personal data we store from manipulation, partial or total loss and unauthorised access by third parties. Our security measures are continuously improved in line with technological development.
We also take data protection within SBB very seriously. Our staff and the external service providers working on our behalf are committed to maintain confidentiality and to comply with data protection provisions.
We will take appropriate precautionary measures to protect your data. However, the transmission of information over the Internet and other electronic means always carries certain security risks and we cannot offer any guarantee as regards the security of information transmitted in this way.
Amendments to this Privacy Policy.
We reserve the right to amend or supplement this Privacy Policy at any time at our discretion. Please consult this Privacy Policy regularly.


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Friday, October 22, 2010
Michael Lewis, independent candidate for State House District 35, was in Court last week over the nuisance suit former Chair of the State Democratic Party Jennifer Moore solicited. He was given until last Friday to take in certified copies of the signatures in question on his ballot petition. Lewis did as instructed and they STILL have not ruled. No surprise there. It is hard for a Democratic Judge to make a ruling on any election case. Independent candidate for Governor Gatewood Galbraith is the defense attorney for Lewis and has presented some incredible arguments to date.
Lewis will win and the voters will have a choice against the incompetent incumbent Democrat Jim Wayne.
Speaking of rulings why is it that Democratic candidate Jeff Donohue, running in District 37 has not been found to be an ineligible candidate yet? The courts ruled against Gail Powers in her bid to unseat Joni Jenkins because of an illegal signature on her petition (by her mom no less) yet Donohue has the same exact problem and still has not been ruled against. There is a deposition scheduled for this morning at 10:30 am.
This case is a no brainer yet the Dems do not want to lose that seat currently held by Democrat Ron Weston. It will be interesting to see if justice is served in this case.
Democrat Mayoral candidate Greg Fischer continues to open mouth insert foot in the scandal regarding his illegal deal with former Mayoral candidate Jackie Green. Now he is accusing Hal Heiner of making a deal with Tyler Allen while using the Dems favorite puppet Tom Owens to do so.
Anyone with half a brain knows Heiner does not work that way. They also realize Tom Owens is an idiot who holds no weight whatsoever. Fischer is now playing the victim card? Really? Do him and Ken Herndon in District 6 use the same campaign manager?
Speaking of Ken Herndon as you know by now Metro Council District 6 has been heating up for some time thanks in large part to the victim card Ken Herndon continually uses. How many times can one guy cry foul anyway? Last week he was openly spreading lies about me and my articles while working closely with California Jets President Tammy Hawkins to do so. Of course this is blatantly against the law and called electioneering since Hawkins supposedly represents the Jets and they are non profit.
Since then I have done plenty of research on the program and in particular Hawkins herself. The findings are astounding and include 2 drug arrests for cocaine. The second in 2002 resulted in a 5 year supervised probation which would normally put someone in jail if they broke probation. In the case of Ms. Hawkins she had several other offenses during the probation period including aggravated assault and many others. And still was not put in jail.
How many people can say that? It is appalling believe me.
She is currently involved in 2 ongoing cases concerning assault as well that will be in court in March. No surprise to me considering how she handled the stories I did but I have a serious question here to raise.
Who in their right mind would allow someone like Tammy Hawkins, a felony cocaine drug abuser, someone who clearly thinks she is above the law, and assaults others at will around children? Especially in a leadership role?
Why is write in Ken Herndon so close to her? This is more troubling than I can write about.
There are many questions to be raised here but someone needs to get on the ball. Hawkins should not be entrusted with children or their organizations. She must be stopped before one of them gets hurt in my opinion.
Finally I am getting a ton of email asking why I have not been on the "attack" against Katie King lately since she is up for reelection. Well quite frankly folks I have never had any personal grudge or attack mind towards Katie or Jim King for that matter.
My fight has always been because of illegality in this case and that fight continues today. Katie should not be on the bench accordingly but to arbitrarily attack just for the sake of doing so crosses a line I don't cross. I find it personally insulting that the Kentucky State Police are STILL "investigating" this case and the fact that Katie is still a sitting Judge at this time.
However, there is not much I can do beyond what I already have to date. I will continue fighting for justice but I will not do it with a personal grudge. In the meantime can someone please explain to me how in the heck she has such weak competition?
That's it for now. Don't forget the election predictions are coming soon so keep reading and as always thanks for dropping by!
7 comments:
- AnonymousOctober 22, 2010 at 6:39 PM
Have you called anyone in the California organization about this? Is the media going to pick this up? This is pretty serious if Ms. Hawkins is around kids. I wonder why Ms. Hawkins and Ken Herndon are so close? Have you uncovered anything else on that?? What is Ms. Hawkins and Ken Herndons response? And....I know Councilwoman Judy Green has had her hand in this..wonder what her role is and has been with the Jets??ReplyDelete
Ed, you just referred to someone as a "felony cocaine drug abuser".ReplyDelete
The number of people that have struggled with addiction is not small, and you are not inspiring people into recovery if you don't make a distinction between past behavior and current behavior. Unless you're offering to volunteer your time with the California Jets, I propose you not discourage those that are.
Finally, I understand the Republican party, nationally, has adopted a "insult the minority of the day" mentality. You live in Louisville, and our Republicans here are better than that (Go Heiner!), and so I expect a little better from you.
- AnonymousOctober 23, 2010 at 8:53 PM
Curtis...I think the point is that this woman should not be around children. Besides her drug arrests...what about her violent behavior?? Kids need to have a positive role model not someone who is currently tied in court for violent behavior. How do you know Ms. Hawkins has been in recovery? Does Ms. Hawkins speak to the community about her drug arrests and then her recovery? Also. being the president of an organization and being just a volunteer is a huge difference. They are supposed to run checks on anyone that volunteers with children. Curtis, I have personally coached youth sports and having children of my own...this is an outrage! Ed...keep digging...I am sure there is more than meets the eye. And it looks like "Victim" Ken Herndon is heavily involved....we already know that he is involved in one illegal activity...seeking endorsement from a non-profit organization.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousOctober 23, 2010 at 9:56 PM
Curtis...Do you have children? i really hope not if you feel this woman is the kind of leadership these kids need. Ms. Hawkins does need help, and it does not involve being around children. Ed..when will the news pick this up?! Put Ken Herndon aside, he is a write in and the democrat party is done with him anyway.By the way speaking of Ken...he is now claiming he is a security expert, and has worked with LMPD for 13 years! Does this guy even know how to tell the truth?? Ms. Hawkins needs to go and take Ken, my political career is gone, with her.ReplyDelete
Curtis I have spent most of my adult life volunteering with children and continue to do so today. I will personally discourage and out anyone who is a threat to children who are volunteering.ReplyDelete
Hawkins has a long arrest record including felony cocaine posession on more than one occassion. She has continually been arrested for violence and assault with 2 pending cases today. That is not someone who should be entrusted to be around our kids in any role model form at all much less on a board that represents them.
I will out anyone who is around children in any capacity with a record and continued criminal behavior that is around kids.
She is an embarrassment to those who volunteer to work with children who are good role models. I know first hand I have spent my adult life being involved.
There is no way to justfiy her being around kids nor is there any way to justify the Ken Herndon using her to spread lies as appears to be his habit.
By the way accusing me of speaking in a roundabout way as a Republican? You know better and it is curious you would try that.
It is very telling.
- AnonymousOctober 24, 2010 at 3:17 PM
I was looking for your take of the case of Metro government employee Eric Garrett being exonerated of all charges, getting all his back pay and even having a past disciplinary suspension for 3 days overturned but you haven't even mentioned it. You were such an advocate for Garrett, I'm kind of surprised you didn't follow up.ReplyDelete
Anonymous I AM following up. This is election season and much is going on and as I have stated previously my time right now has to be prioritized. With the election in roughly a week my focus is there for now.ReplyDelete
I am behind Garrett 100% and will continue to be. As a matter of fact the easy thing would be to put out a fluff piece about Garret winning but I am working on an in depth piece and how this will affect his current lawsuit.
Stay tuned.
Thanks for writing.
Thank you for reading LNP. Open and honest discussions of local politics and relevant issues is important to voter understanding. Please listen to the "Ed Springston Show". We broadcast Monday through Thursday evenings at 7 PM on local media outlets. Please check for the links.
Yours truly,
Ed Springston
West Side Communities Left Behind for Seven Years
Reprinted with permission of www.ilocalnews.com/louisville jpcaldwell August 19, 2018 - 3:04pm ...
I have made it a habit of outing corruption wherever I find it. Though most notably in the political arena, I do occasionally venture into o...
Kensington Financial Group, The Amerivest Group and HMS stole millions in a ponzi investment scheme There is trouble afoot for investors t...
Louisville, KY - We expect someone who is seeking a Judgeship to respect the law and honor the nature of the office. We expect it, but the ...


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Emphatic Win for Cornwall Against Wiltshire
Sunday 7th October 2018
Channel League Cornwall v Wiltshire Sunday 7th October 2018 Perranporth GC
Jack Mewton tees off at Perranporth's 17th Hole
With hopes still high that Cornwall could clinch the 2018 Channel League title the Duchy team recorded an emphatic 13.5 - 1.5 win over Wiltshire at Perranporth on Sunday in what was for Cornwall the last match of the season. County Captain Ian Veale demanded a win from his team and they handsomely delivered the skippers wish. Veale was well aware that at the same time Gloucestershire were playing away to Glamorgan and was hoping the Welsh might do the Duchy a favour. Going into the game with Wiltshire, Cornwall and Gloucestershire were tied on points at the top of the table but held a game points won advantage. He was also well aware Gloucestershire had a further game in hand and thus a win over Wiltshire was essential.
Following the gale force winds on the preceding day the Cornish and Wiltshire teams gathered at Perranporth on a beautiful benign day, dominated by subnshine and the gentlest of breezes.
Sandy Kirton looks to the skies as his ball heads onto the 15th green
Veale opened the morning foursomes with the pairing of Matt Richards (West Cornwall) and Sandy Kirton, playing on his home course. Richards & Kirton established control of the opening encounter, against Tom Law and Paul McMullen, eventually closing out the match on the 17th hole. Behind them the Trevose duo of Steve Davies and Joe Reynard were having a battle against Wiltshire Captain Ali James and partner Garry Slade, but also claimed a point winning at the 17th . Playing at number four in the order but claiming the third point was the tried and tested partnership of Josh Greenway (St. Enodoc) and Richard Jasper (Launceston), who comfortably defeated Scott Brown & Chris Graham on the 15th hole.
Cameron Gurd plays into the 15th
The next point would come from the home pairing of Conor Wilson and Cameron Gurd who were involved in a nip and tuck affair with the Wiltshire combination of Dan Pulham & Alex Ballard. Throughout the morning the match would swing both ways but a fourth point was notched up for Cornwall when the Perran duo signed off on a one-hole victory. A 5 - 0 lunchtime scoreline certainly looked on the cards for Cornwall when Aaron Stephens (Newquay) and Jack Mewton (Truro) took a two-hole lead standing on the 17th tee but a strong finish from the opposing pairing of Graeme Wright and Simon Dymoke salvaged a half point for Wiltshire as they birdied the 18th hole.
Captain Veale looks on as Aaron Stephens lines up a putt
The singles opened with a magnanimous gesture from the Wiltshire Captain, Ali James, as he agreed to share the spoils with Sandy Kirton, who had suffered a nasty sprain of his ankle during the latter stages of the morning contest, making it very uncomfortable for him to walk. The gesture evidenced the good nature shared between teams and individuals on the amateur county scene.
Next up was Wilson versus Slade, and after 10 holes Wilson was one-down to a dogged performance from his opponent. Around his home course, where he won his second County Championship in 2017 Wilson was in no mood to yield and proceeded to reel off five holes in a row, including an eagle two on the 15th to record a 4&3 victory !
In the third match Richards had a full point snatched away from him as Law birdied the 18th for half a point leaving the score at 6.5 - 1.5. This left a remaining seven singles points to play for, and what followed was a Cornish procession! Davies won 7&6 (he was five under par through 12 holes). Perranporth youngster Gurd chalked up another point winning on the 16th against Ballard. Reynard won 4&3 against Pulham, both Greenaway & Jasper won 5&4 defeating Brown and Graham respectively, meaning Jasper went through the 2018 Channel League series unbeaten (10 wins & 2 halves). Mewton defeated Wright 6&4 before Stephens claimed the final point beating Dymoke on the 14th hole to secure the impressive 13.5 - 1.5 victory for Veale's men.
In his post match speech Veale thanked the Perranporth General Manager, Sue McDevitt for the club's hospitality, before thanking his team for their efforts, not just during today's match but throughout a long season. In addition he thanked the President, Mike Ellis, Vice-President Andrew Clotworthy and their respective wives for being ever present and walking miles in caddying throughout the campaign. Veale continued by thanking the Cornwall juniors that had caddied during the home games, in particular Thomas Stephens who has caddied in every match.
Veale closed by thanking Dave Stephens of Ace Group, Newquay, Nick Datson of Datson Consulting, St. Austell Brewery and Peter May of P S May Accountants & Co for their generous support of his team throughout the 2018 season. Both Veale and the Wiltshire team commented on the excellent condition of the course with the greens in particular providing an excellent putting surface.
As the teams travelled home news emerged that Gloucestershire had gained a halved match away to Glamorgan and in turn this means a Gloucestershire win next weekend away to Gwent will be enough to secure the Channel League title for them. Anything less, even another halved match for Gloucestershire, would see Cornwall crowned champions. Were Gloucestershire to win then Cornwall could only reflect on the 8-7 defeat experienced at their hands back in April this year after Cornwall had led 4-1 at the halfway point. We can but hope!
Matchsheet Cornwall v Wiltshire


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Suzi is one of those acts who has very quietly gone about her business of becoming a completely excellent act and is now on the verge of a major breakthrough. She has supported Romesh Ranganathan, Kevin Bridges, Josh Widdicombe and Alan Carr on multiple tours. She is a born, powerhouse performer and her past two shows, focusing on her working-class Portsmouth upbringing have brought her even closer to the mainstream success that is surely just around the corner. As seen on Channel 4, E4, BBC3, Comedy Central, Dave and heard on BBC Radio 4. ("A stand-up gem." The Guardian;"Ruffell deserves to be a much bigger name." Evening Standard)
Plus support from Josh Pugh, Athena Kugblenu and Richard Soames.