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Curia Generalizia
Provincia D'Italia
Provincia del Brasile
Provincia delle Filippine
I Venerabili dell'Ordine
Presenza Agostiniana
Blog OAD
English page
ORDINE degli AGOSTINIANI SCALZI
Ordo Augustiniensium Discalceatorum (OAD)
Sito Ufficiale
Riforma dell'Ordine Agostiniano
Mendicant Order
Adreess: Piazza Ottavilla, 1
00152 Roma, Italia
Tel: (+39) 06 . 58 96 345
Email: email@example.com
Proposed building for OAD Seminary and school building
(Tabor Hill) Talamban, Cebu City, Phil. - The OAD Philippine province has started the groundbreaking ceremony of the proposed OAD Seminary and school building of Tabor Hill College, since there is a growing number of students, so as to accommodate with dignity religious and lay people who wish to attend the said College. Fr. Luigi Kerschbamer leads the groundbreaking ceremony
Presenza dell'OAD in Paraguay
Gli Agostiniani Scalzi in Paraguay Parrocchia - Seminario - Scuola Dal 2007 gli Agostiniani Scalzi stanno lavorando per l'evangelizzazione in Paraguai. Il 27 gennaio 2007 si sono insediati i confratelli: P. Silvestre Miguel Muller, P. Alexander Gregorek e Fra José Jorge dos Santos Firmino nella parrocchia di San Giuseppe Lavoratore, in comune di Yguazú, 44 km da Foz do Iguaçu. Successivamente, si è costruito il Seminario S. Ezechiele Moreno, che oggi ospita 16 seminaristi. In questo
Definitorio generale annuale
25 ottobre 2016 - Il Definitorio Generale Ordinario si è celebrato presso la sede della Curia generalizia a Roma.
Religious Order of Pontifical Right
The Order of the Discalced Augustinians (OAD) is a religious order of pontifical right, whose members, priests and lay brothers, make the solemn vows of chastity, poverty, obedience and humility, that is, not to seek higher ecclesiastical offices. It is part of the Orders the so-called "mendicant Orders."
The Discalced Augustinians had started towards the end of 1500 in the climate of reform promoted by the Council of Trent in order to cope-up with the widespread doctrinal, spiritual and disciplinary downfall, that had invaded the structures of the Church and the same religious institutes, due to multiple factors, such as the schism of the West, the secular spirit of the Renaissance with its exasperated temporal autonomy claim, the sad aspects of the moral corruption of the papacy, the currents scholastic decadence that is promoting false mysticism, Protestantism, etc..
In particular, the Order of the Discalced Augustinians is founded ideally in the decree "Et quoniam satis" of the 100th General Chapter of the Augustinian Order (OSA) that on May 19, 1592 prescribed the reform of the Order.
The decree "Et quoniam satis"
Here is the text of the decree:
"As it is all too clear that many religious of the Order are drifting apart from the observance of moral and norms of canon law that is very hard to recognize in their conduct the aspect of fraternal charity and of 'ancient religious discipline; and, on the other hand, the longing to revive the Order for holiness of life and works, making it shine in the world as a luminous example of every virtue, the Fathers of the Definitory decreed a reform that should start from Roman monastery, then from this paradigm be extended to other neighboring convents, and eventually, to all monasteries and convents of the Order. This is to correct the customs, to eradicate any abuses with regard to ownership of property, to remove every stain or guilt, down to the smallest defect. "
But, four years earlier, in 1588, the Provincial Chapter of Toledo decreed a reform in Spain, which has given rise to the Augustinian Recollects. In Italy, there were just a few of the Augustinian religious who were eager to follow more closely the spirit of their Father St. Augustine and adhered to the proposal of the General Chapter. A month later, in Naples in the convent of St. Mary Olivella, they began to live a reformed life. On July 20 following the Reform, they put on the new reform habit and chose to go barefoot: an aspect commonly regarded at that time as a sign of evangelical radicalism.
A year later, November 16, 1593, the Prior General of the Order (OSA), Fr. Andrea Securani, with the decree
"Cum Ordinis our splendorem"
legally recognized the Reform.
On December 22, 1594, Pope Clement VIII, with the Brief
"Decet Romanum Pontificem"
formally approved it.
Clarification: Congregation - Order
Here it should be pointed out that the perspective of the General Chapter and all the advocates of the Reform - both the superiors and the enthusiastic religious who actually executed it - initially they did not consider establishing an Order in its own right, separate from
'The Order itself'. However, the issue of autonomy showed up very early, and was imposed as a necessity, pressured by the course of events: At stake was - not ensuring a degree of autonomy to the reformed convents - the very possibility of implementing iterated appeals and desires of the religious who yearned for a reform and a more authentic expression of Augustinian life. Besides, this problem was felt in all the reforms of the religious orders. It was a problem that caused a lot of misunderstandings and tensions. However, the way, common to all the reforms within the ancient religious orders, was to first get an autonomy while remaining within the Order, and eventually full independence. Today there are three Orders Augustinians with different Constitutions and Superior: the Order of St. Augustine (OSA), the Order of Augustinian Recollects (OAR), the Order of the Discalced Augustinians (OAD).
The developments
After some clarification, we could say that the development were extraodinary. Both in Italy and in Europe, the Discalced Augustinians spread by opening new homes where they lived the spirit and discipline of the Reform; They drew up new Constitutions (1598; 1610; 1620; 1931; 1969; 1981); They wrote memorable events regarding the mission in Tonkin, now Vietnam, and China (1697-1811); They formed the provinces for better organization of the Congregation called the 'Discalced Augustinian Hermits of Italy and Germany"; they exerted effort in promoting their own identity. And in particular for the most notable were so many pious religious , teaching, pastoral services, such as: the Venerable Father John Nicolucci of St. William (1552-1621), Fr. Carlo Giacinto Sanguinetti of St. Mary (1658-1721), Saints like of St. Dominic (1655-1728); the Servant of God Fra Luigi Maria Chmel of Holy Cross (1913-1939); and then, the devout mendicant of the Holy Spirit, Friar Bernardo of the Holy Spirit (1585-1614), the martyr Among Alipio of St. Joseph (1617-1645), the two mystics Fr. Elias of Jesus and Mary (1631-1710), Fr. Fortunato Calabrese Addolorata (1714-1786), the apostle of charity, Fr. Antero Micone of St. Bonaventure (1620-1686), the bishops Msgr. Hilary Costa of Jesus (1696-1754), Msgr. John Damascene Salustri (1727-1781), the historian Fr. Giambartolomeo Panceri S. Claudia (1660-1719), the founder of the Academy Aletina Fr. Ignatius Danisi of the Cross ( 1718-1784), Fr. Benedict Mazzoni of St. James, theologian (1616-1690), Fr. preacher Abraham Megerle of St. Clare (1644-1709), the artist Fra Enrico de Groos of St. Peter (+ 1659), etc.).
Unfortunately the OAD could not avoid the serious threat - that could have been fatal to the very existence of the Discalced Augustinians Reform - the suppression of Joseph II, Emperor of Austria, Napoleon Bonaparte and the Italian State which forced the religious to abandon the monasteries and the confiscation of all their properties. But regardless these three suppressions, in a truly providential way, the Discalced Augustinians were able to survive, and start from scratch, to make a quantum leap going to another continents. Thus in:
- June 12, 1948, the first three Discalced Augustinians arrived in Brazil and started the mission in Ramos-Rio de Janeiro, from there they extended in Paraná, São Paulo, Mato Grosso and Paraguay, in the Colonia Yguazú District;
- August 2, 1994, OAD religious missionaries reached Cebu in the Philippines, from there it extended in the other islands of Leyte, Mindanao, Luzon, as well as other countries under the Philippine province: Indonesia and Vietnam;
- January 29 2008, OAD religious missionaries arrived in Cameroon, Africa, in the diocese of Bamenda.
Today the Order of Discalced Augustinians (whose General Curia is in Rome) has three provinces (of Italy, Brazil, the Philippines), with numerous vocations.
The current General Council:
P. Gabriele Ferlisi, Prior General (ITA)
Alejandro Remolino, 1st Definitor and Vicar General (PHL)
Gelson P. Briedis, 2nd General Definitor (BRA)
P. Valdecir Soares, 3rd General Councilor (BRA)
P. Vincent Barrio, 4th General Definitor (PHL)
Fr. Giovanni Malizia, Procurator General (ITA)
Getulio P. Freire Pereira, Secretary General (BRA)
However, if you want to describe the spirituality of the Discalced Augustinians, two elements are needed as components of their identity: Being Augustinian, from which the name Augustinian Order derived, and that of the Tridentine Reform, it's from this context of which they were born.
- "Augustinian-Discalced"
its simple description is to highlight the richness of content enclosed in each of the two constitutive terms of such denomination:
"Augustinians - Discalced".
The first term, refers to the dense "
of both spiritual and doctrinal themes common to various augustinian families; secondly, it refers to the intense radicality of the penitential aspects typical to the spirit of the Tridentine reform. The Discalced Augustinians are not simply "Augustinians", nor "Discalced".
- "Charity-Humility".
You could also say, by resorting to another combination, that the spirituality of the Discalced Augustinians is contained in the words:
"love, as love of unity, - humility" or "interiority - communion - humility."
- Today, the most commonly used formula is provided by the Constitutions n. 3, from which are formulated summarily dominant themes on evangelical love, the collective pursuit of God, of humility: "Following the example of St. Augustine and the first Augustinian community of Tagaste, we Discalced Augustinians, aimed with 'the help of grace to reach the perfection of evangelical love, looking and enjoying together, in a peculiar attitude of humility, God, who is the common good and is the totality of all goods. "
- It is through this figure that the Order is situated in the heart of the Gospel, encompassing others who, in a very harmonious manner, propose and highlight, the different aspects of spirituality proposed by Saint Augustine:
* The legal aspect,
which sees the Order in its precise location of the canonical fabric of the Church;
* Trintarian aspect,
sets the Order in the heart of the Trinity. The consecrated life is in fact initiative, gift and confession of the Trinity; and we all know how significant the thought of St. Augustine, the Trinitarian mystery of the life of God and man;
* Christological-ecclesial aspect,
sees the Order in the heart of Christ and the Church, in a word, according to the expression of St. Augustine, the "whole Christ". Consecrated life, in fact, is essentially configuration to Christ and living part of the life and holiness of the Church;
* The contemplative aspect,
counted among the essential element in all spirituality as an essential constitutive dimension of man, first experience and the final goal of human adventure;
* The apostolic aspect
, is also considered essential, because OAD is consecrated for the mission;
*The fraternal communitarian aspect,
prescribed by St. Augustine at the beginning of the Rule which says that you have to live unanimously (communion) in the house (community). These are two terms related to each other that reflect and complement each other as, in the definition of man, the soul and the body;
*Ascetic-penitential aspect,
expressed through in being discalced and the vow of humility. It is an aspect that is not related only to the historical context of the post-Tridentine period, but also to the Gospel and to St. Augustine. It is important because it reminds that we carry treasures in earthen vessels; and therefore we should first be discalced then, to be Augustinian; We must embrace the feelings of kenosis( emptying of oneself) of Christ or, as St. Augustine said, to humble oneself clinging to God's humility. For Saint Augustine, humility is more than a virtue; it is a person, "the humble Jesus";
* The Marian aspect.
This element is essential to every spiritual journey, and is present in that of the Discalced Augustinians, who see in Mary the Mother of Consolation who nourishes the life and heart of the community with her delicate affection.
* The liturgical aspect,
this is the key to understand the spiritual life, contemplative, community and apostolic life of the Order. So it is written in the Constitutions no. 11: "Religious life, in all its expressions, is a perennial worship to God."
*To serve the Most High in spirit of humility."
It is another very effective and incisive formula that describes the spirituality of the Discalced Augustinians :
"serving the Almighty in spirit of humility."
The meaning of this expression leads to the very heart of the identity and mission of Jesus, described in the Christological hymn of the Letter to the Philippians (2,6-11), to which the Discalced Augustinians are inspired. For as "Christ though he was in the form of God ... emptied himself, taking the form of a slave ... he humbled himself and becoming obedient to death, even death on a cross" and in this form of a servant Jesus, who became a priest and sacrifice, served the Father through worship and served the humanity by saving them, so the Discalced Augustinians are meant to express the highest form of service of love towards God and neighbor. According to the dictates of their formula of consecration, they aspire to be consumed without a noise, as "...
a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God"
; aspire to serve and to live the relationship with God and with our brothers "in a peculiar attitude of humility"; aspire to that hidden service, extraordinary salvific value of the death that gives life, the poverty that is recycled into treasure, of humility that leads to glory, fraternal and ecclesial relationships that become acts of worship.
In short, for the Discalced Augustinians, barefoot and humility are two very strong signs of a more complete proposal, and most radical in humility and service, which is that of God, expressed in the mystery of his Incarnation and Redemption, in the mystery of the humble Jesus, that never ceases to wash the feet of his disciples, to create the harmony of fraternal communion, the unity of the Church and to let mercy overflow over the abundance of misery!
For an essential bibliography:
P. Gabriele Raimondo:
The Discalced Augustinians,
Genova 1955;
Father Ignacio Barbagallo:
"Take off your sandals ... The land you are treading is holy"
- The spirituality of the Discalced Augustinians, Frosinone 1978;
"I came to cast fire on the earth" - The missionary spirituality of the Discalced Augustinians
, Frosinone 1979;
Father Eugenio Cavallari,
Serve the Most High in spirit of humility
- Letter to the Order in its 4th centenary of the foundation, Rome 1992; P. Gabriele Ferlisi, -
Discalced Augustinians Constitutions and Charism
, Rome 2008.


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Sunday, 8 January 2017
The Charlotte Tilbury Seductive Beauty Instant Look In A Palette
Following on from the success of last year's limited edition Natural Beauty Instant Look In A Palette, Charlotte Tilbury brings us the brand new Seductive Beauty Instant Look In A Palette, as well as bringing back the original Natural Beauty option.
Having missed out on the original Natural Beauty palette last year, as soon as I heard that Charlotte would be bringing out a new take on the Instant Look In A Palette, I knew that this time, it had to be mine.
Comprising of seven stunning products, the Seductive Beauty Instant Look In A Palette has everything you could ever possibly want from a makeup palette. There are the three eye shades; eye brighten, eye enhance and eye smoke, all of which work together beautifully to create the dreamiest of smoky eyes. Then you'll find your four face products. There's Charlotte's iconic Filmstar Bronze and Glow, which are easily my favourite contour/highlight products on the market and two blushers; a swish and a pop.
Charlotte takes all of the guesswork out of which shade will work with which and I now finally, after many years, have a go-to makeup look that I know will work no matter what I'm up to that day or night. It certainly makes doing my makeup in the morning that much easier and it's also a great way to try out the Charlotte Tilbury range without having to spend too much to do so.
I absolutely adore the fact that Charlotte has condensed some of her bestselling products into one perfectly curated collection or collections, if you also count the Natural Beauty option. The palette is also the ideal size to take with you on the go and will definitely be coming with me on my travels later in the year. Talk about quick and easy makeup application! Speaking of that, Charlotte has also released her new Quick 'N' Easy kits, of which I'll be reviewing the Natural Glowing Look in a few weeks time.
Both Instant Looks In A Palette are limited edition and priced at £49.
What do you think of the Seductive Beauty Instant Look In A Palette? Are you a fan of all things Charlotte Tilbury? If so, which product is your favourite? And would this be the perfect palette for you too?
Posted by Ellis Tuesday at January 08, 2017
Labels: Beauty, Charlotte Tilbury, Review
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© Ellis Tuesday | All rights reserved.

subset: commoncrawl


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Learning in Community
More than a decade ago, Ann Brown and Annemarie S. Palincsar perfected a technique for improving children's reading comprehension. The approach, "Reciprocal Teaching," was simple: Teach children to use the same strategies that expert readers use to get a handle on difficult text.
Students learned to ask for clarification when they came upon words they didn't know, to periodically stop and summarize the passages they had read, to ask questions about the text, and to predict what they would find in the reading ahead.
Reciprocal teaching came to be widely adopted--and sometimes misinterpreted--partly because it fit so well with the traditional reading groups that most teachers already used.
But Brown wanted to effect deeper and broader changes.
"I realized that it would be better if students didn't read to prove that they could read," she told a reporter in 1994. "It is important for students to read in the service of learning."
Thus, Brown and her husband, researcher Joseph Campione, set out to create a whole classroom environment in which students would "read to learn." The result was Fostering Communities of Learners.
Through that technique, which incorporates Reciprocal Teaching, students break into research groups. The groups can use classroom reference materials or roam the Internet for the information they need. They then "jigsaw," which means that each group sends a representative to another group. In their new groups, each representative then shares what he or she learned in the previous group.
The technique is an example of what Brown calls "guided discovery": Students accept as much responsibility as they can for their learning, but the teacher guides that discovery process to help students avoid misconceptions.
Brown and Campione tested the method in inner-city schools in the San Francisco Bay area, primarily in Oakland. They gave students short pre- and post-unit quizzes on the subjects they were studying--ecology and conservation biology.
They discovered that children in the experimental classrooms increased their performance from between 25 percent and 45 percent correct on the pre-test to between 70 percent and 75 percent correct on the post-test. Children receiving traditional instruction in the comparison groups, on the other hand, did not improve their performance significantly. Moreover, students in the FCL classrooms could use their knowledge to solve new problems and were better at comprehending unrelated texts.
--Debra Viadero
Vol. 15, Issue 17
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All comments are public.


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Community Partners
Acres Home Chamber of Business and Economic Development, Inc.
Northern portions of Houston, including the greater Acres Home area, form a large trade area in Harris County. Situated on the west side of Interstate 45, along both sides of West Montgomery Road, the immediate Acres Home area is eight miles northwest of downtown Houston. Acres Home comprises 7,600 acres, and is located within the City of Houston. Containing a large African-American population, Acres Home is noted for its many community development and service efforts.
Roy Douglas Malonson, Chairman of the Board
6112 Wheatly Street
Houston, TX 77091
Greater East Montgomery County Chamber of Commerce
Located 20 miles northeast of downtown Houston along U. S. Highway 59, the East Montgomery County is in the midst of robust population growth that has occurred in the region's northeast quadrant. The opening of Houston Intercontinental Airport was a major catalyst for growth stimulating development throughout Houston's north side as well as Kingwood and East Montgomery County.
Rick Hatcher, President
21575 Hwy 59 North, Suite 100
New Caney TX 77357
Fax: 281.354.0091
Cy-Fair Houston Chamber of Commerce
The Cypress Fairbanks region is located northwest of Houston. The two main crossroads, FM 1960 at U. S. Highway 290 and at State Highway 249, are 21 miles distant from Houston's central business district. This largely unincorporated Harris County region gains a strong sense of community from association with territory found within Cypress Fairbanks Independent School District's boundaries. Jersey Village is an incorporated city located within the area.
Leslie Martone, President
8711 Hwy 6 North
Houston, TX 77095
Greater Tomball Area Chamber of Commerce
The City of Tomball is located along State Highway 249, 28 miles northwest of downtown Houston. Functioning as a commercial center for a large portion of Houston's rapidly growing northwest quadrant, Tomball has developed a strong economic base.
Bruce Hillegeist, President
29201 Quinn Road, Suite B
Tomball, TX 77377
Houston Intercontinental Chamber of Commerce
Northern portions of Houston, including the North Houston Greenspoint locale, form a large trade area in Harris County. The region's main crossroads, Sam Houston Parkway at Interstate Highway 45, is located 14 miles north of downtown Houston. Part of the region is incorporated City of Houston territory. Containing a large resident population, this area has also developed into the largest retail, office, and light industrial district on the north side of Houston.
Reggie Gray, President
550 Greens Parkway, Suite 230
Houston, TX 77067
Houston Northwest Chamber of Commerce
The Houston Northwest area is located 20 miles from Houston's central business district. Several major crossroads are found along FM 1960 - U.S. 290, Stuebner Airline, State Highway 249, Kuykendahl, Hardy Toll Road and Interstate 45. This unincorporated Harris County region has a sense of community gained from the unifying link provided by FM 1960. Extensive areas of forested beauty have made the "1960 Area" one of the most popular residential locations in the Houston region.
Barbara Thomason, President
3920 FM 1960 W, Suite 120
Houston, TX 77068
Lake Houston Area Chamber of Commerce
Located 21 miles northeast of downtown Houston along U. S. Highway 59, the City of Humble is in the midst of robust population growth that has occurred in the region's northeast quadrant. Combined with the adjacent Kingwood and Atascocita areas, Humble is also a major center for commercial and services activity.
Jenna Patton, IOM
110 West Main Street
Humble, TX 77388
North Houston Association
The North Houston Association, as a nonprofit organization, works closely with government agencies and other organizations to achieve specific goals which directly affect the quality of life in an established service area. This 700-plus square mile service area is characterized by the following boundaries: FM 525 (Aldine Bender Road) on the south, Lake Houston on the east, City of Conroe on the north and U.S. 290 on the west.
Marlisa K. Briggs, Executive Director
16825 Northchase Drive, Suite 160
Houston, Texas 77060


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The admission season has arrived in Assam and lots of students who are anticipating the results of the various examinations that they have appeared recently are also looking forward for a better opportunity to extend their career to the next level. In this regard, it is understandable that they are having a busy time to look for the admission notifications in colleges, universities and also to prepare themselves for appearing in the competitive entrance examinations which are now-a-days a common mode of selection in any college, institute or university. Recently, we have informed our readers that the CMSDU Entrance Test 2011 for admission to BBA, MBA and PGTDM courses in Centre for Management Studies under Dibrugarh University is announced and we have provided various details regarding it in the previous post. Today we are here to inform you that the sample question papers or the formats for BBA, MBA and PGDTM entrance examinations conducted by CMSDU is available for download and the same is facilitated by the Centre for Management Studies to all the interested applicants which would definitely be helpful for them to have an insight of what types of questions are asked.
Preparation for final examinations of any degree or other courses is completely different than that of preparing for competitive entrance test and hence it needs some special attention and a strategic approach. This is because the type of questions asked in such entrance test is hypothetical based and most of them are short multiple choice questions which tests the concept and practical understanding on various topics or subjects. Comparatively, it contains more number of questions in terms of the time allotted and hence one needs to be very prompt while answering to the questions asked for in the said test.
In order to provide a scope for understanding the pattern of the CMSDU entrance test conducted by Dibrugarh University, Centre for Management Studies has made available one sample question set which reflects a rough idea of how the paper is being presented and what types of questions are generally present in such test. It is therefore one very good resource that is made available and the students can really be benefited while preparing for the exam. You can download the sample question papers of Dibrugarh University MBA, BBA, PGDTM entrance exam from the links as mentioned in the table given below:-
|MBA Entrance Question Papers (CMSDU Test 2011)
|BBA Entrance Sample Papers (CMSDU Test 2011)
|PGDTM Entrance Question Bank (CMSDU Test 2011)
It is to be noted here that the download links of the sample question papers of the above mentioned entrance test are provided in the official website of the Centre For Management Studies (Dibrugarh University) and we have provided them only to make you aware that they exists. We recommend our readers to also check their official site which can be found at (http://www.cmsdu.org/) and avail all other informations that it serves for the convenience of the students.


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So today is that day. I'm not even going to bother checking my timehop today because I remember how raw my feelings were when I posted on Facebook and Twitter about my dad passing away.
Three years ago, I really thought I had many friends on social media. Maybe I did… but I know that I had not a single "friend" show up at the funeral. Not one. And when I was hospitalised later that year, I also had zero visits from any "friend".
That year was one of the worst (second only to my divorce year in 2008), but at least I learned some things. Mainly, I learned to fall out of love with my twitter followers. Not everyone is your friend… And that's ok. I cut out a large percentage of my followers and don't speak to any of the Cape Town "twitterati" anymore since that year. I have zero desire for any more tweetups. My life got a little bit more offline and, these days, I do share a whole lot less. Then again, I also have a lot less drama in my own life and very little interest in other people's drama.
The internet is still an amazing place with lots of potential for magical connections. I still have close friendships with people I've never met in real life (through StumbleUpon mainly). But a real friend shows up in real life. A real friendship requires action and time. A real friendship has more than 140 characters.
I still have quite a few "friends" online and offline that I know aren't real friends. We are friendly and nice to each other but I know that I only have a few people that I can call up at any hour and rely on them. Lord knows I am so very done with unreliable people. And I cut them out much more easily (and quickly) these days.
Anyway, I guess I'm still angry at the people I was friends with at that time that never showed up for me. I'm not quite over it and I suppose I will have to let it go. But it's made me much more aware of who I can trust and perhaps also made me a little too aloof with new people.
It's my self defence system, I guess. When I am your friend, I will give 100% of my loyalty and I have to know for sure that you're not going to bail on me. So I wait and see and check people out for a long time before I "commit" to the friendship. Not many stick around for that but it's ok for now.
People are hard work.
edit. thanks to cath jenkin for linking to this article about our "online generation." in short... this is just how we are... but it sucks sometimes.
edit. thanks to cath jenkin for linking to this article about our "online generation." in short... this is just how we are... but it sucks sometimes.


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Still, officials acknowledge that stitching together a regional alliance of radical groups allied with al-Qaeda remains a longer-term ambition of the extremists, hoping to increase their striking power and extend it into Europe. One sign of that was the announcement, last September, by al-Qaeda's deputy leader, Ayman al-Zawahiri, that Algeria's radical Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC) had joined bin Laden's organization. After renaming itself al-Qaeda in Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), the group quickly began targeting foreign interests in Algeria and warned that attacks abroad would follow. AQIM then used an al-Qaeda terror signature in its April 11 strike in Algiers multiple and coordinated suicide bombings, followed up by post-mortem video statements by the "martyrs" broadcast on jihadist web sites.
"This is a real, not virtual alliance with al-Qaeda to intensify the fight and take it to an international level," says Christophe Chaboud, head of France's Anti-Terrorism Coordination Unit. "The association with al-Qaeda is a real and major preoccupation." But, says Chaboud, such a partnership has yet to give rise to even a nascent federation of al-Qaeda groups across north Africa. Even within borders, jihadist groups remain disparate, atomized, and insulated to prevent infiltration.
French terror expert Roland Jacquard points out that the AQIM was formed by a hard core of leaders who now view with disdain the holdouts of their former organization, the GSPC, still operating in the southern part of Algeria. Similarly, Moroccan extremists are frequently divided into small, local groups who turned locally recruited impoverished youths into the hastily trained kamikazes that botched the recent Casablanca bombings. More sophisticated groups connected with Qaeda leaders in the Gulf may have recruited officers in the security forces and pilots in the national airline, but they have also been more closely monitored by the authorities.
"The discovery of an organization with those kinds of members led Moroccan authorities to come down even harder on Salafist movements than they had before," says Jacquard, noting that over 400 suspected radicals are awaiting trial in Morocco today. "Ironically, the level of police pressure means Moroccan groups actually have more active members in Spain, Italy, and France today than they do in Morocco."
In Tunisia and Libya, meanwhile, authoritarian policing has kept extremist groups from taking root. But as the January firefight that left a dozen Tunisian radicals dead after they'd returned from Algeria attests, some degree of regional cooperation already exists for al-Qaeda to build upon. Underground groups in Algeria, Niger, Mali, and Mauritania have long trafficked materiel, weapons and personnel among themselves. A January 2005 attack on a military post in Mauritania by fighters of the Algerian GSPC prompted the U.S. and certain European states to begin funding the $100 million annual Trans-Sahara Counter-Terrorism Initiative, seeking to make the enormous region less hospitable to its free-roaming jihadists. Similar initiatives have been undertaken in remote parts of north Africa and the Sahel.
"Our best manner of preventing regional jihadist cooperation and structures from forming is by keeping groups scrambling to avoid detection at home," the French counter-terror official says. Preventing that happening in north Africa is vital for Europe, and France in particular, Jacquard notes. "If they can coordinate and become efficient through cooperation there, there's no doubt they'll export that for terror purposes here," Jacquard warns. "That's inevitable and it's why European security services view north Africa as Europe's front line in fighting terrorism."


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I'm a Photographer.
I'm a Wife and a Mother.
I'm a believer in the Lord Jesus.
I'm happy you are reading about me.
Welcome to my website!
This is my story, what's yours?
In order to understand how my passion for photography bloomed, let's take a stroll through my life. It all began in Hungary, where I was born and raised by two loving and devoted parents. When I was in high school, my Canadian uncle gave me an old Minolta camera. Right away, I was captivated by this little machine and how it could capture the beauty of the world around me. I was so excited to figure out all the ins and outs of this machine and learn about light and composition. After graduating from high school, I enrolled in a two year photography course and my career was on its way!
At the age of 21, I packed my bags and immigrated to the land of opportunity…Canada! Once I got myself settled, I started working for different photography studios. Right away, I was learning about digital photography and the various techniques used in this country; very different compared to what I had been taught back home, but I must admit….I like the Canadian style much better!
I officially opened my business in Edmonton in 2007. Over time, my understanding of photography technique has grown, both from my experience working for a variety of clients, as well as regularly educating myself through photography workshops and courses. I have built up an extensive array of photography tools (lights, lenses, cameras, software) to make the most of any occasion. Whether in my own west end studio, or on location, I look forward to capturing the portraiture needs of my clients.
I look forward to seeing and hearing your story. Thanks again for stopping by!


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No Collective
No Collective (You Nakai, Kay Festa, Ai Chinen, Jay Barnacle, Earle Lipski, Dee Ali, et al.) makes music performances which explore and problematize both the conceptual and material infrastructures of music and performance. Other forms of work explored over the years include play-scripts, picture books, haunted houses, and nursery rhymes. Since its inception circa 2007, members of No Collective have varied both in quantity (from none to sixty) and quality (from reluctant novices to devoted professionals) according to each works' objective and situational conditions. Recently No Collective was featured in Leonardo Music Journal (vol.24, 2014) as one of the composers doing interesting things with technology (for no good reason, really). Works which have been most arduous to make include Vesna's Fall (Judson Church/Black Mountain College/Queens Museum, 2014-15), a decidedly modernist dance piece made in collaboration with Lindsey Drury, in which each dancer wears a 13-feet movable, curtained stage and counts the necessary counts for other dancers who they cannot see, and Concertos No.4 (National Museum of Modern Art Tokyo, 2012) performed with ball-shaped speakers operated by blind performers in a completely darkened 16,000 square feet performance space. Recent works that went pretty well include House Music (C): Two Stories (KulturRaum, Berlin/University of the Arts, Helsinki, 2014-15) another collaboration with Lindsey Drury for which we made non-human dancers, and Immaculate Conception (Mise-en_PLACE, New York, 2016), a commission from ensemble mise-en for which we made a doppelganger ensemble. Publications include Concertos (Ugly Duckling Presse, 2011), a book which describes and prescribes the process of preparation, execution, and documentation of a music concert in the form of a play-script, and Sonnet for 'Concertos No.4' (National Museum of Modern Art Tokyo, 2013), a score of a nursery rhyme whose lyrics are the entire instructions for making another 'serious' music concert. A brief and inevitably biased portrayal of No Collective's activities forms part of an interview with You Nakai by Elizabeth Hoffman published in Perspectives of New Music (Winter, 2013). curatorial projects include the first concerts of the Argentinian composer Ellen C. Covito in New York, Tokyo, and Berlin. No Collective also runs a publisher called Already Not Yet which has released Ellen C. Covito: Works After Weather (2014), and Museum of Unheard (of) Things (2015).
For You Nakai
Believing themselves to be quite progressive for their species, a group of ants get together and decide to form a collective. They gather the necessary documentation, fill out all the proper information in the correct little boxes, get photos taken in appropriate size and dimension and angle, and step precisely through every single hoop required of them to become an officially recognized collective.
Their application is denied, however, on the grounds that ants are an inherently collective species, and this designation would be redundant and downright unnecessary.
One ant is so upset by this verdict that it begins to cry, thereby forging a breach in the collective emotional unity of the group. This very breach, however, makes the officer falter, reconsider for a brief moment, entertaining the possibility of a radical change of heart, but this very possibility of a change in the officer's heart makes the ant's tears dry up, which lands them all back at their original, inherently collective state, and that's the end of that story.
Sawako Nakayasu


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At a time when English rugby should have been taking in the plaudits for hosting a world class international tournament, it is instead airing all its dirty laundry in the most public of arenas; with a giant Sam Burgess shaped stain smeared across it.
The ensuing fallout from England's failure has been nothing short of a disaster and the Burgess saga, resulting in his swift return to Rugby League, highlighted perfectly the failings of English Rugby, Burgess himself, and the sensationalist media circus that followed them around in the process.
From February last year, when Burgess announced he had decided to switch codes, signing for Bath and leaving behind his established rugby league reputation, a media frenzy has accompanied his every move. Every pass, every tackle was watched and scrutinised by onlookers, with journalists desperate to create an archetypal figurehead, a Jonny Wilkinson circa 2003 icon that would occupy the back pages and fill the column inches.
This fixation on one man's inclusion in the squad only served to dismantle the team togetherness and sprit that had slowly started to gain momentum in the build up to the World Cup. The incessant questioning at every press conference began to border on the ridiculous and the influence of the media in fuelling a sense of disharmony and uncertainty through the camp should not be underestimated. However, a media mob unsettling a team during a national tournament is quite frankly nothing new and England's coaching staff should have been strong enough to ignore the sensationalist cries and select a squad based on merit, not the popular voice.
The selection of Sam Burgess was wrong. Simply, wrong. This is not spoken from some great position of hindsight or bandwagon jumping. This is based purely on common sense, watching a man who had only played 20 professional Rugby Union matches before selection. With Bath struggling to identify Burgess' best position, eventually giving him a run of games in the back row, to be selected by England as a centre was mystifying.
Placed in the most competitive group of the tournament, coming up against high quality well-drilled units, this was surely not the time to be taking gambles on an unproven talent at that level in such a critical decision making role. He was just squeezed into the team in any position they could find through fear of a non-selection backlash. It appeared he wasn't good enough to dislodge the current set of flankers therefore, with nobody really making the centre positions theirs, it was seen as an opportunity to fit him into selection.
Let's be clear, his selection by itself was not the key reason for the failure at the World Cup; however, it pointed to Stuart Lancaster and a management team unsure of themselves and their players. On top of that, with Andy Farrell being a league convert himself, he should have known of the difficulties in making the switch, which made the move all the more disappointing.
This whole debacle has been ridiculous and it is impossible for it not to have had an effect on Sam, but his decision to walk away from it all is a frustrating one.
No doubt about it, the man has all the attributes to make the code switch a success but he needed to give it time and in return be given it. After storming his way into the game on a wave of expectation, the realisation that he was no longer the kingpin and that there are people better than him was a reality check. Even in the aftermath of the tournament, most people would have expected that the steel and determination of 'Slammin' Sam' to come through and to prove his worth. Instead it seems the towel has been thrown in already.
Regardless of what happened, Burgess' reputation within Rugby League would never have been in doubt and he could have gone on to forge a similar standing in the 15-man game yet, instead he may just be another name added to the list of failed converts.
The whole situation has been a very uncomfortable saga to watch and the pressure placed on Burgess looks as if it's just all a bit too much – a decision he may regret, English rugby union will regret and also the people who watch the sport.


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know thyself
know thyself to know about every thing. The main purpose of your coming into this world is to know thyself and to avoid the further cycle of birth and death as per the eternal eastern philosophy. Thats why know thyself is the supreme command in to spiritual practices. If you know about all the world without knowing thyself, it would be simple waste of energy and time. The creation what we see outside you is in you also. When you know thyself , clearly, completely, then this truth would be revealed. Nothing is outside what is not in you.
know thyself quotes
Different know thyself quotes are available from all over the world. Socrates clearly ordered to know thyself by way of questioning. Thalmes, aristotle and all greek philosophers got the cue from eastern masters, and vedas the truth of knowing ones self and stressed on this. similarly chinese quotations say that know yourself to know fully about others. Latin principles also confirmed this know thyself importance and urgency. Delphi also joined this bandwagon in insisiting to know thyslef. so, we need not enquire who said know thyself and who omitted know thyself command is immaterial. All the gyanis, masters, saints , avatars said know thyself.
How to know thyself:
It is very difficult to know thyself from books or thinking.. because the enquiry who am i should be started.. one guru, master is required to initiate your quest, search to know thyself. He will govern your progress and guide you wherever you are stopped.
Labels: know thyself, knowthyself


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Turn this boring oatmeal canister into a Pull Open Piñata!
Take turns pulling the strings. Only one opens the flap and sends the candy flying!
It is Week 1 at Hogwarts Summer School! Even if you did not sign up for our awesome free program this year, you can still participate in some of the classes and activities.
Here is the activity list for Week 1. It includes activities you can do for each of the Hogwarts Classes.
All this week we will be posting fun things you can do to complete your class assignments. Today is Transfiguration. Transfiguration is the magical class where you take one thing and turn it into something else. This week for Transfiguration you need to turn cardboard into something new and amazing. Check out the ideas below. Try one of these or think of your own transfiguration for a piece of boring cardboard. It really is magic!
Here are some more ideas to get your creative juices flowing!
Tow Mater out of a Tissue Box
Monster Boxes
Cute Cardboard Houses
Dinosaur Feet
Box Tower for Rapunzel
On Monday June 16th, report your scores at email@example.com.
We will tally up the scores and report the winner in the race for the House Cup on the blog on Tuesday June 17th. Remember that everyone who completes 3 activities a week/24 in all will receive a Hogwarts Summer School Completion Certificate. Everyone who completes 6 a week/48 in all will receive a box of Bertie Botts Every Flavor Beans. And the student in each house who completes the most activities will receive a handmade wizard wand.
Good Luck!
School has never been this much fun!
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Sexual behavior is curtailed and regulated through a variety of ways. Certain alleged sex crimes do not even require proofs regarding consent. One notable charge is "Gross Indecency." MCL 750.338, .338a, .338b.
While possible penalties for a conviction of this charge start at up to "five years" in prison, the possible penalty may increase, if a person has prior felony convictions, or it may increase up to life in prison if the offender was a "sexually delinquent" person. MCL 750.338, .338a, .338b.
Further, there may be "SORA" ramifications if convicted and if an alleged victim was under the age of 18. MCL 28.722, .725, .725a. The sanctions vary depending on the age and alleged act. MCL 28.722, .725, .725a.
As the Model Jury Instruction explains, in order to prove this charge beyond a reasonable doubt, the prosecutor must show the following:
(1) The defendant is charged with the crime of committing an act of gross indecency. To prove this charge, the prosecutor must prove each of the following elements beyond a reasonable doubt:
(2) First, that the defendant engaged in a sexual act that involved one or more of the following
(For the specific list, which is not exhaustive, please review the jury instruction):
(3) Second, that the sexual act was committed in a public place. A place is public when a member of the public, who is in a place the public is generally invited or allowed to be, could have been exposed to or viewed the act.2
Crim. JI. 20.31.
Even if the act itself was consensual between two adults, this charge may be applicable if the accused committed the act "in a public place." Crim. JI. 20.31.
Obviously, there are a wide variety of potential scenarios whereby prosecutors may pursue this charge. The key issues are the alleged act and location.
Further, this charge may even be offered as a reduced charge in the context of plea-bargaining, related to more serious sexual charges.
This is a serious felony charge; albeit, not as severely punished for a conviction as most "criminal sexual conduct" charges.
Our experienced trial attorneys fight hard for our Michigan clients. We represent clients statewide. For a free initial consultation, feel free to contact us at (517) 507-5077.
For more information on Michigan's Criminal Sexual Conduct, First Degree charge, click here.
For more information on Michigan's Criminal Sexual Conduct, Second Degree charge, click here.
For more information on Michigan's Criminal Sexual Conduct, Third Degree charge, click here.
For more information on Michigan's Criminal Sexual Conduct, Fourth Degree charge, click here.
For more information on Michigan Criminal Sexual Conduct charges, click here.
For information on polygraph tests, click here.
For information on Michigan's Sex Offender Registration Act, or "SORA," click here.
Our experienced and dedicated attorneys have represented clients regarding a variety of charges throughout the state of Michigan. We fight hard for our clients. For a free initial consultation, please call our Lansing office at (517) 507-5077.
Anyone charged, of course, is presumed innocent. The prosecutor would need to prove the elements of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt if the matter proceeded to trial. Simply because a person is charged does not mean that ultimately, they will be convicted.
If you need specific legal advice for your particular circumstances, I encourage you to privately consult with a lawyer. Circumstances may vary significantly. If you need specific legal advice, please privately consult with a lawyer.
If you are charged with an offense and cannot afford to pay for your own defense, the court may appoint you an attorney payable at the public's expense. You have a right to counsel.


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Tentative Agreement Approved Overwhelmingly by UAW National Chrysler Council
Tentative Agreement Approved Overwhelmingly by UAW National Chrysler Council, Now Heads to Vote by UAW FCA Membership
UAW members will have a clear path to traditional wages under a new Tentative Agreement with FCA US that was overwhelmingly approved by the local union leaders on the UAW National Chrysler Council Friday. The Tentative Agreement ensures that health care benefits remain unchanged.
The Tentative Agreement will now go before the nearly 40,000 UAW FCA members for a final vote.
"We returned to bargaining with a clear mandate to fight for a contract that gives all members a clearly defined path to fair pay and a decent standard of living – and we believe this contract delivers on that most important goal," said UAW President Dennis Williams. "We've secured a stronger contract. Our members will have the final word, and we look forward to the conversation and dialogue that will take place in the days ahead."
The details of the Tentative Agreement include the following gains for UAW FCA members:
Clear Path to Traditional Wages for In-Progression Members: All current in-progression members will be paid traditional wages within eight years. In-progression employees with four years of service will be paid traditional wages by the end of this contract – that's more than $10 per hour in wage increases for many. In-progression members with two years of service will receive more than $8 per hour in base wage increases by the end of the contract.
First General Wage Increases in 9 years for Traditional Members: With two 3% wage increases and two 4% lump-sum bonuses, traditional workers will be taking home an additional $20,000 over the next four years.
Health Care Unchanged: UAW FCA members will continue to pay no premiums for their healthcare, even as American workers at large employers pay an average of $1,648 in premiums for single coverage and $5,388 in premiums for family coverage.
A Bigger Piece of FCA Profits with Improved Profit-Sharing: Our profit sharing pool will be funded based on the new formula of $800 for every 1% in North American profit margin. This profit sharing pool will be paid out based on each UAW-FCA member's uncapped compensated hours. In other words, the more hours who you work, the bigger your share of the profit sharing pool will be.
$3,000 and $4,000 Ratification Bonuses Secured: As soon as the contract is signed, traditional members will get a $4,000 up-front lump sum bonus and in-progression members will get a $3,000 payment.
401(k) Contribution Rate Raised to 6.4% for In-Progression Members: In-progression members will get more retirement security in this agreement. Thanks to an increase in the 401k contribution rate to 6.4% and large wage increases, FCA will be putting significantly more money into in-progression members' 401k retirement savings funds.
$1.7 Billion in Pension Funding: Anticipated cash contributions of $1.7 billion from FCA.
The Tentative Agreement also includes significant job protection measures for UAW FCA members, including $5.3 billion in investment commitments in the United States, details on job security commitments at each plant and a moratorium on outsourcing.
Recognizing members' concerns on alternative work schedules, UAW and FCA will meet to consider other alternative schedules within 60 days of ratification of the Tentative Agreement. The Tentative Agreement includes improvements to 4X10 Alternative Work Schedules and 3/2/120 Alternative Work Schedules. For example, there are new limits on the number of consecutive Fridays that members on the four days at ten hours a day work schedules (4×10) can be required to work.
"This is one of the biggest contracts that we've ever negotiated with FCA, and we look forward to hear from our members and move forward," said UAW Vice President Norwood Jewell. "This process has required patience and perseverance on all sides, but I believe this Tentative Agreement will strengthen our members, their families, their communities and our union."


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I wonder how many young artists saved their pennies and sent away for this 700 page tome in the hopes of making it big in the 1980s music industry? I would see offers like this for things on TV that were not "sold in stores" and would run to my Mom asking her to buy it. She had a great line for deflecting me that still sticks with me to this day. "If it were any good, they would be selling it in stores."
I do not have a background in consumer products or economics, so I am still not able to refute her argument. Which is good, because otherwise I would own a library of unread books and have drawers of kitchen gadgets that I never use.
If I was going to write a book and sell it on TV it would be a book about writing books that you sell on TV. I would call it "Buy the Book" as a play on "By the Book" and it would make millions.
The Retroist
Latest posts by The Retroist (see all)
- Hoxie Bros Circus - February 12, 2019
- Remember the 1987 TV show, The Popcorn Kid? - February 5, 2019
- A Thank-You Letter to Con Edison from 1956 - January 31, 2019


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As part of The PNC Foundation's US$3 million grant to enhance science education for underserved preschoolers in programs operated by Chicago Public Schools and Big Shoulders Fund, 40,000 copies of Sesame Workshop's Happy, Healthy, Ready for School – Math Is Everywhere activity kits will supplement math in the two pre-kindergarten programs.
The grant marks the local launch of PNC Grow Up Great, a 10-year, US$100 million bilingual program to improve early childhood education. The Sesame activity kit was created for Grow Up Great through a continuing partnership with PNC.
The bilingual, multimedia kits include a guide for parents and caregivers, a children's book, along with an original Sesame Street DVD that follows Abby, Elmo, and their Sesame friends in a math treasure hunt. An educator's guide is also available online to provide ideas for early childhood teachers to incorporate in their classrooms.
Math Is Everywhere materials are available for free at all PNC Bank branches, pncgrowupgreat.com, and sesamestreet.org/math. Additionally, the Math Is Everywhere video will be available, at no charge, on Amazon.com VOD and on iTunes (iTunes.com).
The PNC Foundation, which receives its principal funding from The PNC Financial Services Group, focuses its philanthropic mission on early childhood education and community and economic development, which includes the arts and culture.


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DIY Network is searching for current or soon-to-be owners of historic, stone homes in Bucks, Montgomery, Delaware and Chester County, Pennsylvania.
A home renovation show is now casting outgoing and fun homeownerswho have a historic, stone house that is in need of some restoration work in a few rooms.
For example, do you have a room that is severely outdated or has a horrible layout? Or some living spaces that need to be restored? If so, we would love to hear from you!
If you would like to be considered for our show, please submit your information as soon as you can!
To submit, please email [email protected] – NO LATER than September 1, 2017 with the following information:
- Your contact info (including city and county of residence)
- Photos of the house and your family
- A description of the rooms in need and of your family
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We are ever grateful to our wonderful sponsors and this challenge is sponsored by Heather's Hobbie Haven. Do pay them a visit, you will not be disappointed. Enjoy your shopping. Remember, you've got to be IN IT to WIN IT !
Thanks for popping by. If you have the time, I would love you to leave a comment, as I so enjoy reading them.
hugs Sharon x


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Review of Sleeperkid's World – SUPERHEROINE vs PROS – 20 mins
We fade in on Hellena Heavenly and Taeler Hendrix complaining that no one at SKW poses a challenge to them. So they issue an open challenge to any one 5 to 7 galaxies away. We suddenly hear what sounds like a jet rushing past the room, and SUPER-SERENA appears behind them. The ladies turn, convinced that this "cos-player" just made the worst mistake of her life. They attack with a double punch, and Serena instantly grabs both fists and squeezes. We hear bones crunching as both Taeler and Hellena fall to their knees screaming in pain, and are immediately regretting their decision. What follows is an amazing 1 vs 2 squash with our heroine having fun as she easy destroys the two formerly cocky pro wrestlers.
You know 9 times out of 10, I love it when the over confident superheroine gets taken out by someone she under estimated. But this is that 1 other time, when the superheroine comes in. all confident and uses her power to easily destroy those that stand in her way. This time it's Taeler Hendrix and Hellena Heavenly are who stand in the way of Super-Serena. Serena uses a bunch of her great powers, which are all really well done, to destroy the pro team. I love 1 on 2 destruction, it's probably my favorite, non-specialty, thing to see. Taeler has the stand out performance in this one, for me. She sells more over the top then Hellena and her big eyes help her make great reactions to the heroine's power. Also this is Serena's first PPV vid since her break, so it really great to see her back. Overall, although I love seeing a heroine defeated, it is great to see the cool camera and editing tricks and great selling that make the heroines super and this one does it really really well.
Overall Score: 9/10


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When it comes to outdoor recreation, Big Bear tops the charts. Ideal conditions include sunny blue skies, cool & mild weather, gorgeous green forests and a lake full to the brim. more »
Thrill seekers can now drive SODI RT8 Karts and compete against the clock while reaching speeds of up to 30 mph at the new Big Bear Speedway.


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Diels Alder Reaction of dienes and dienophiles
Description: The Diels Alder reaction converts a diene and an alkene (usually electron-poor, called a "dienophile") into a six-membered ring containing an alkene (cyclohexene).
Notes: X here is usually an electron withdrawing group such as a ketone, ester, or CN.
Notes: Example 1 shows a simple Diels-Alder.
Example 2 shows the reaction with a cyclic diene, to form a bicyclic compound.
Example 3 shows how stereochemistry on the dienophile is conserved (the groups cis to each other on the double bond will end up cis on the ring). That is to say that the reaction is stereospecific.
Examples 4 and 5 show that the groups on the "outside" of the diene end up on the same side of the ring to each other.
Example 6 shows what happens when we have substitution on both the diene and the dienophile. A mixture of diastereomers is formed, called the "endo" and the "exo" products. Generally speaking the "endo" product is favored.
Example 7 shows an alkyne being used as a dienophile.
Examples 8 and 9 show what happens when we have electron donating groups attached to the diene. We always line up the more "electron-rich" carbon of the diene with the more "electron-poor" carbon of the dienophile.
Mechanism: The mechanism of this reaction is concerted meaning that all the bond forming and bond-breaking happens at the same time. The reaction proceeds in a 1-step cycloaddition (Step 1, arrows A, B and C).
Notes: The arrows could just as correctly been drawn proceeding in a clockwise fashion. The end result is the same.
{ 10 comments… read them below or add one }
very very helpful…thanks
Extremely articulate. Thank you!
Note: Pertaining to example 6, the endo product is kinetically favored, while the exo product is thermodynamically favored.
It is a little tricky to explain, but basically the orbitals in the endo product line up well, so when there is not a lot of energy in the system, the reaction will go toward the endo product which has a lower transition energy. However, when there is more energy in the system the product will go toward the exo product because it is a lower energy state overall. You can see that the exo product would be more stable because there are less steric interactions.
In regards to exo v. endo.- I was under the impression that while the exo is stericlly favored, the endo is favored as the major product due to secondary stabilization provided by overlap of pi bonds during the transition state.
Second, are the arrows actually only able to be represented as clockwise since the diene is symmetrical(final example), therefore having equal partial negative charges on each end from which electron density will be dispersed to the partial positive region on the dienophile? If the diene were not symmetrical, arrows would need to be from the partial negative regions to the partial positive regions, correct?
Wow this is very, very good… I was checking out the "endo and Exo" and though what is dienes and dienophiles – – and surprise I could get to this page right away and this is simply awesome…. thank you so much – when I check the formulas in Biology I always has some questions about this …. now answered THANK YOU !!!!
I have a similar reaction as in Example 3, where the diene is a conjugated fatty acid and the dienophile is fumaric acid.
That means the expected product would have two carboxylic acid groups on the dienophile.
Question: Is there a way to cleave that dienophile bond (between C5 and C6) after the product is formed?
I would think it would give my acid groups less steric hindrance to further react with other esters.
Let me know Thanks!
Is there specific conditions in which the bridge , like the one formed in the second example, is formed?
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The academy, offered free to 70 applicants, is a professional development seminar targeted to the state's arts teachers, general classroom teachers who are responsible for teaching the arts, arts student-teachers, and non-educator artists who work with arts teachers in WV schools.
This year the theme is "The Arts, the Parents, and the Community: Powerful Partnerships!" Recent studies have shown that when school programs engage the parents and community, the students perform better in school. Arts teachers who attend the academy will explore ways to strengthen their programs' connections to their students' parents and to the community.
Professional development credit for the 2005 – 2006 school year is offered through this academy's intensive workshops with master teachers and guest artists. Room and board at University of Charleston and classroom materials and supplies are free to all academy participants.
Apply on-line for the 2005 WV Arts Teachers' Academy, by clicking http://wvde.state.wv.us/fata/ Participants will be chosen based on their submitted application content.
For more information about the Academy, contact Julia Murin Lee, Arts Coordinator in the Office of Instructional Services, West Virginia Department Education at 304-558-7805, ext. 350 or via email at email@example.com.


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Jan 24, 2012
Queen Califia's Magical Circle
As an autism mom, I'm grateful for Queen Califia's Magical Circle. It is a beautiful mosaic garden done by French artist, Niki De Saint Phalle. It's located in Escondido, CA, in Kit Carson State Park. The first time I took my children there, I dubbed it "Autism Heaven" because there were so many beautiful colors, textures, mirrors. It was amazing. When I need to find something to do with my kids, that is a free place to go where I know they will all be happy.
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In his show he uses a food processor to break up everything. I used a water bath to melt the chocolate and butter together. Also he says they bake in 12-15 minutes, but it took at least 30 minutes. Instead of adding all the nuts and other stuff, I just added some marshmallows. Overall, it turned out nice. Not as chewy as I would like it to be so I am still searching for that really good brownie recipe here in the UK.
2x100g bars of good quality dark chocolate
250g (2 sticks) unsalted butter at room temperature
200g (3/4 cup) caster sugar
6 level tablespoons of cocoa powder
4 heaped tablespoons of self-raising flour
2 tablespoons of crystallized ginger (optional)
4 eggs
zest of 1 orange (optional)
Smash the chocolate and chop the butter into rough chunks- you can put the chocolate and butter in a water bath to melt completely if you don't have a food processor. When they have both melted and soft, add 200g caster sugar, 6 level tablespoons of cocoa powder, 4 heaped tablespoons of self-raising flour, a pinch of salt and the crystallized ginger. Mix together with a hand held electric whisk. Crack in the eggs and whiz.
Grease a non-stick baking tray (approx. 32x26cm) with butter and place a piece of greaseproof paper. Use a spatula to spoon and spread the brownie mixture evenly into the tray of about 2.5 cm thickness. Grate over the zest of the orange (optional). Bake for about 30 mins at 180 deg C/350 degree F.


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Finncast Version 4.4.4 Released
Finncast Version 4.4.4 is now available for Finncast Studio , Zoom in/out buttons for virtual sets added.
Everything you need in one package for Video Production with built-in Video Switcher & Virtual Sets pretty awesome ...
Full Studio only $99
Video Production Software
Intro Video
only $29
Telprompter Software
Intro Video
Solo only $49
Video Production Software
Intro Video
Finncast is a video production software with everything you will need in on package. It eliminates so much traditional equipment as it has a built-in video switcher with 35 transitions, green screen removal, built-in Lower thirds editable on the fly. 2 video & 2 audio players with audio mixer. 4 video inputs for cameras and other devices. It even has 3 independent virtual sets that are powerful and realistic with changeable sets. It has full recording to local or remote disk and live video streaming to any streaming website or server including YouTube Live, Facebook Live, VK, Twitch and so many more. Scrolling text from file or rss feeds is included as standard. We suggest you watch the tutorial videos Here to see exactly how amazing Finncast really is. Who would use Finncast? Anyone involved in making videos or live broadcasts. Are there monthly or yearly subscription fees? No, you purchase once and it is yours. Are upgrades free? yes! Is there a cheaper version for a sole broadcaster? Yes Finncast Solo
This video will show how our Live video streaming software works
Watch our tutorial videos on using Finncast
Finncast Version 4.4.4 is now available for Finncast Studio , Zoom in/out buttons for virtual sets added.
Finncast Version 4.3 is now available for Finncast Studio , You will need to unistall previous version and Install 4.3 if existing customer
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I have met a few people who do not like cheese and I pitied them for what they are missing. Of course, there's the lactose-intolerant, but that's another story.
For many years I didn't know much about cheese. The only kind I had growing up was mild American and Hoop Cheese. A slice of cheese on a bologna sandwich, macaroni and cheese -- that was about the extent of my cheese eating experience.
I discovered sharp cheddar first and fell in love. I'm not sure what came next, but I do enjoy the blues, especially Gorgonzola; Swiss; Edam; Brie; feta; and Parmesan, which I use in every imaginable way.
|Johnny Appleseed
Maybe we here in the U.S. should take a lesson from the French and adopt eating a cheese course at the end of the meal. I just read on the National Cheese Day web page that eating cheese at that time prevents tooth decay. Imagine that. Another good reason to enjoy cheese.
Are you a cheese eater? What are your favorites? How do you eat YOUR cheese?


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4 inch ROUND AR500 3/8" Rimfire target kit: with scaled down T Post hanger.
Available as a KIT or component parts.
This is our new Rimfire target that uses a scaled down T post hanger designed to hold the plate in the same way as our FAIL SAFE hanger. Scaled down to utilize target plates as small as 4". The system uses the 3/8" AR500 plate for the extra weight to keep the target in place on the post. Can be used in conjunction with our "beam clamp" for maximum hanger retention on the post.
This kit comes with:
1 - 4 inch AR500 3/8" plate
1 - RIMFIRE T post hanger
1 - 1 1/2" carriage bolt and nut
1 - Beam clamp


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Archaeologists have discovered that burial practices among early humans in Europe and Asia showed widely varying practices as to ritual and ornament. However, most were fairly plain. "We don't know why some of these burials were so ornate, but what's striking is that they postdate the arrival of modern humans in Eurasia by almost 10,000 years," said Assistant Professor Julien Riel-Salvatore, Ph.D. of the University of Colorado in Denver. He added, "When they appear around 30,000 years ago some are lavish but many aren't and over time the most elaborate ones almost disappear. So, the behavior of humans does not always go from simple to complex; it often waxes and wanes in terms of its complexity depending on the conditions people live under."
The study reveals variations among early human burials, between 10,000 and 35,000 years ago."There seems to be little rhyme or reason to it," Riel-Salvatore said. "The main point here is that we need to be careful of using exceptional examples of ornate burials to characterize Upper Paleolithic burial practices as a whole."


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mother loves weddings. in bangalore she went to at least one a week. funerals and weddings are her most favourite things to attend. sadly she doesn't get to go to many here so when her co worker invited her to her daughter's wedding she was very excited. she has been talking about it for days now. i have been pretending to listen. my brother, the new bakra really makes an attempt to listen. this is great for me because weeks after she has shared with us a fascinating bit of information she'll order me to do something that requires detailed knowledge of such prior information. with brother doing the listening i can always go back and get a quick recap of whatever he understood from all her rambling.
right, the wedding. mother visited bed bath and beyond to buy the happy couple a gift and came home with two exquisitely packed boxes of something householdy they had requested for. the two boxes have since added to the ambiance of our living room and today i kinda sorta miss their pretty blue blurred image. now the corners of my eye only have the dying plant from mother's day to look at. [dying plant courtesy brother "succhay goodd son!" who even bought a gas balloon which is now dead and gone and two cards for mother, one from him and one from me, which i duly signed and handed over to mother. yes i am a terrible child.]
earlier today mother was up at an unearthly hour. she dyed her hair for the special occasion and picked out one of her 113 sarees, an uber chamki majenta one if you must know, which made her look like a character from saas bahu. she then proceeded to pile on all the jewelery that wasn't in a safe deposit box somewhere on herself and then went off to grace the wonderful occasion that was the nuptials of her co worker's daughter and some fool, apparently determined to legally share some fraction of their lives together.
she came back a few hours later looking quite disappointed. apparently it was a very casual affair. "some people were even wearing hawai chappals. can you believe it? pah these american weddings!" also apparently the guests were served some type of a sandwich out of a box. she was most pissed off. since then she has acted out by opening up boxes marked 'showcase things'. how very desi of us.
the showcase things were then arranged in the showcase in the exact same order they were back in the old apartment - african art section, glass object section, silver and bronze object section, doll section, extended doll section, mini altar section [which includes this angel shaped open bible. i can't think of a better description for it], candle section, picture frame section, spoons from around the world section and other worthless junk section.
i was yelled at when i mentioned how everything was in the exact same spot as before. i mean who would've thought packing and boxes were involved in this process. it's as if she hired a giant person to carry the entire showcase from the old living room and place it in the new living room. sadly she did not share my fascination and said something about me only knowing how to make comments and not lifting a finger. another common expression old people like to use. i am all for lifting fingers. i am lifting fingers as we speak. alright, got to go. she just bellowed for me to transport the remainder of the things we never use from the dining table to the living room. i estimate this task should take me at least 8 trips back and forth depending on my balancing skills this evening. why anyone would trust me with breakable objects i don't know. i have to make it all the way from the dining room past the long corridor and into the living room and i'm wearing pajamas that are a little too long for me. bhagwaan jee mujhe shakti de.
in other tragic news i found out a few hours ago that memorial day is not for another week. here i was dreaming of a three day weekend only to be crushed by rude co worker's ill timed comment.
bm jee aka otp - WRITE! i beg you. i am on a fast until you blog again. details of fast will be emailed to you.


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Right here you discover 7 key understandings about the law of attraction wealth highway of self discovery.
The regulation of attraction is all about our unfolding nature, the bodily and non secular nature which might be entwined in our actuality and utilizing the law of attraction in any space of life is an related. Clearly all of us have completely different areas to enhance upon dependent upon the standing of our lives however right here let's deal with regulation of attraction for wealth. Listed here are 7 steps you'll be able to take to create extra wealth in your life with the law of attraction and prosperity in thoughts.
1. The method of creation is identical in all areas: your beliefs create your expertise and wealth creation is not any completely different.
2. You probably have monetary points begin to discover your beliefs instantly about what cash means to you. Make the checklist actually complete; permit your ideas and feeling to movement.
three. You have to have a wealth aim as your thoughts will need to have one thing to deal with. The regulation of attraction is the flexibility to consciously create what you need so you have to select a aim or you'll nothing work with.
four. Take time to discover your concepts about cash and the way you are feeling about it: are you content to be wealthy or does it make you nervous: are you relaxed with cash or does it really feel alien to you? Discover a majority of these concepts as they're important to the law of attraction wealth journey.
5. Your monetary wealth is normally linked to your concepts of self value and an acceptance which you could have what you need in your life. What's your self value like?
6. The flexibility to create cash is identical as every other regulation of attraction creation however you'll be working with completely different beliefs so it there's an space of your life that you're pleased with, discover why that space is working, what's completely different about that space to the world of funds. If you happen to discover out why you're creating constructive leads to one space you'll be able to 'map over' these concepts into different areas' like wealth.
7. Take ten minutes every day to sit down quietly and focus your consideration into the beliefs that you really want for instance " I've achieved my monetary aim of …. Which has come into my life simply as I permit myself to be wealthy and pleased with cash": simply repeat one thing like this in your thoughts and permit your creativeness to go to work creating the remaining. After the ten minutes overlook about it and let the law of attraction go to work. Do that for 30 days and you will note a distinction.
The regulation of attraction works completely to indicate you what your beliefs are. Your life expertise is shaped by your beliefs so look into your life to see what you actually imagine. The problem with wealth is that all of us want cash and like all emotional areas the law of attraction course of is most difficult after we are emotionally hooked up to the result or have a powerful 'want' for a fast outcome.
The regulation of attraction works in response to our altering concepts of who we're what we're capable of have in our lives so ask your self this query: who would it is advisable be to have the cash that you just need to have? Record the attributes, skills and concepts and actions you would wish to have: then start to behave according to them, this course of alone additionally assist to start out the law of attraction wealth journey to start out.
As ever success with the law of attraction depends on effort and motion however the law of attraction for prosperity and abundance calls for a special technique to life and calculated and dedicated motion to work and that's problem. In fact you'll be able to create the wealth that you really want with the law of attraction however you have to change your beliefs and be the individual it is advisable be earlier than you will note it in your life: first your beliefs, then your expertise.
The regulation of attraction wealth journey is an incredible one as a result of it results in a way of freedom that you'll not have achieved earlier than and so is an excellent, however difficult regulation of attraction and non secular journey that may empower you to develop into greater than you ever thought you may as a creator of your personal expertise.


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It all started with a general store and a post office in lower Missouri. More than 10 years later, people began traveling to pay for tours at what is now Marvel Cave. Roughly another decade later, and Branson, Missouri was officially incorporated. Today, it's a highly frequented tourist attraction for several reasons. It's an ecclectic country, […]
Posts Tagged 'things to do Branson'
5 Must-Visit Tourist Attractions in Branson, MO
February 1st, 2016 Paris


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Welcome to Our Website.
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Balayage blonde hair
Balayage an actual procedure of hair coloring. The peculiarity of this type of dye is that the coloring affects only the tips of the hair, and they are apparently different from the base color. Balayage – fashionable, personalized trend in the beauty industry. Staining technique balayazh nicely emphasizes as a silhouette styling and haircuts image completely.
The motions are made in a certain way. Understand what balayage easiest by comparing with Ombre. Most often, a second technique involves lightening the hair, thanks to which there is a clear gradation of light strands and original shade. The effect is achieved by horizontal staining. Border 2 colors are so great that sometimes there is a feeling of regret.
Highlights balayage the contrary, it looks very natural. In case of a successful painting all others will think that your hair lighter shades acquired after exposure to sunlight. Another difference from balayage Ombre – is a technique of painting. Master performs vertical movement, only on the outside of the curl. This technique involves a certain level of hairdressing skills. He explained such that a hairdresser must work with individual strands.
This painting emphasizes the beneficial skin and refreshes the complexion. This in turn makes the appearance of a woman younger and fresher. Using a broad spectrum of colors gives the effect of increasing the volume of hair.
Visually, they are lush and thick. Brond makes invisible gray strands. Painted technology BROND hair does not require frequent coloring, as gradually growing roots invisible on the general background.
photo credit: pinterest.com


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About The Video Game of Life
Try to make your way through the levels and grab all three coins. Try to avoid hitting any of the spikes or falling into the abyss. You will also have to collect the key when the door is locked. How far will you be able to get with a perfect score in this fun platform game? Good luck!


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I am so excited to share what I have been working on over the summer with my students and can't wait to hear what they have been up to! I started making a new body of art inspired by a snowy landscape photograph of my great grandfather's. While it was 110 degrees outside, my mind was in the deep of German winters. I also sent a few cabinet of curiosities inspired textile pieces to a gallery exhibition in Berlin. You could say that I had worked with my naturalist intelligence just as much as spatial intelligence this summer!
My family also hiked up a mountain (3800ft) in Virginia along the Appalachian Trail. While the view at the top was stunning, I also enjoyed the tiny wonders along the way, like this miniature forest of moss sporophytes.
We went to Virginia for a week so that I could participate in a philosophy workshop called Little Big Minds. I explored some wonderful ways to use philosophy in the classroom using art, music, poetry, and discussion from the author of Little Big Minds, Marietta McCarty and am so excited to bring this to the art room this year. The philosophy workshop and our mountain hike inspired me to reread a few naturalist books from my bookshelf when I got back. I highly suggest reading these together!
Please share your summer adventures!
what I did on my summer vacation
Labels: naturalist, nature, philosophy, summer, walden
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Anthon, IA -- Siouxland News first met Cindy Brodie back in November of last year and were introduced to an organization she's apart of called Partners for Patriots.
It's an organization that focuses on training dogs, who are mainly rescues, to provide help and care for disabled veterans.
Ever since Brodie moved the organization from her old home in Tennessee to here in Siouxland, she's been looking for a perfect place to establish the group's training center, and just last month, though it doesn't look like it right now, to Brodie, she hit the jackpot.
To most people, this property might look like a lost cause.
"It's an older barn," Cindy Brodie said.
Weeds over most of the grounds, rundown buildings and what seems like years of neglect.
But to a person like Brodie?
"I see so much potential." She said. "I see our big training center, I see dogs out here in kennels, I see many, many dogs being trained out here for the disabled veterans. I can picture it, it should be there tomorrow in my mind."
Partners for Patriots, which spends time teaching dogs how to help disabled veterans with tasks like giving them balance while standing, turning lights on and off and grabbing drinks from the refrigerator.
The organization was able to buy the property at a price they could afford and Brodie says it not only provides more space, but gives the possibility of training more canines.
"At the most we could probably get five," Brodie said, "six dogs out there to work but when this place is finished, we will have enough kennels for 26 dogs."
But Brodie says she can't do it alone.
"The more help we get the more dogs we can help get out to the veterans," she said.
Earlier this year, Partners for Patriots was one of the many organizations in Iowa that received a hundred thousand dollars from the Donald J. Trump Foundation after the presumptive Republican Nominee opted out of a FOX News Debate and held a rally instead to raise money for veterans.
And so far, most of that money has been saved.
"We could have paid the place off with the money but then we'd have nothing." Brodie said. "We still want to take the dogs and train the dogs and give the dogs vet care and feed the dogs so we're using most of it to put out more dogs."
But Brodie knows, with a little help, these five acres can become something out of nothing.
"I pulled in here and I just pictured the building." She said. "I could see the place out there, I could see everything. And everybody else is going oh yeah, looks like it needs a lot of work. But, why throw something away, you have to look at the potential underneath and underneath of this property I can see amazing things."
If you would like to donate to Partner's for Patriots visit their website at partnersforpatriots.org .
Brodie and her husband also live on the property and when I asked her why she would move to a place like this one in Anthon and be a part of a group like this.
She said it's more important to her what she does to help people, than how much money she makes.


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Saturday, October 12, 2013
Midwest Airlines (USA) Boeing 717-2BL N924ME (msn 55190) DCA (Bruce Drum). Image: 100801.
Copyright Photo: Bruce Drum. Slide Show: CLICK HERE
Posted by Bruce Drum at 6:46 PM
Labels: 55190, 717, 717100, Boeing, Boeing 717, Boeing 717100, DCA, Midwest Airlines, Midwest Airlines USA, N924ME, Reagan National, Washington
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Fight Fans around the world are excited to witness the return of Argentine knockout artist Lucas Matthysse (34-3 32ko's) on April 26th. Matthysse will be facing fellow puncher and former WBC world lightweight title challenger John Molina (27-3 22Ko's).
Molina is coming off of a huge upset KO win over lightweight contender Mickey Bey. But the fact is that fight was contested at lightweight and he was getting out boxed throughout the whole fight before the knockout came.
Molina does not possess much skill and likes to come forward and throw power shots. He tends to loop his punches a lot of the times and has one punch knockout power along with good physical strength. He is also a tall fighter for the Jr. Welterweight division despite the fact that he's moving up from the lightweight division. Molina will not be moving or circling away from Lucas, he will be standing in front of him trying to land his power shots.
Matthysse on the other hand is coming off the biggest fight of his career against Danny Garcia for 140lb supremacy. He ended up coming up short in what turned out to be a good match-up. Matthysse is a polished technical pressure fighter with special punching power. He has fought at 140lbs his entire career and holds nice wins over the likes of Lamont Peterson, Demarcus Corley and Humberto Soto.
I believe Molina is tailor made for Lucas as he will not provide any movement and will be standing in front of Matthysse throughout the whole fight. Matthysse will not have many problems landing his power shots. I expect this fight to be exciting for however long it lasts but I'm expecting a TKO win for Matthysse.


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"Let the brothers and sisters keep the example
of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Mother of God and of Our Lord Jesus Christ, ever before
their eyes. Let them do this according to the exhortation of St. Francis who held Holy
Mary, Lady and Queen, in highest veneration, since she is the virgin made church. Let them
also remember that the immaculate Virgin Mary, whose example they are to follow, called
herself the handmaid of the Lord."
Do not fear, Mary, for you have
favor with God. Behold, you will conceive and bear a son, and shall name him Jesus. Luke
From the very beginning, Christians continued the Jewish tradition of praying and singing
the 150 psalms as part of their sacred routine of daily prayer.
By the Middle Ages, however, a largely
illiterate population could neither appreciate the historical events to which the psalms
referred, nor could they memorize and recite the psalms in Latin.
Therefore, in the early 13th century a
scriptural meditation was thoughtfully adapted for those who desired to participate in the
sanctification of daily life through a cycle of prayer meant to complement the Divine
Office chanted by the more educated monks and nuns.
What became known as the rosary was the
recitation of the Aves and Paters (the Our Father and Hail Mary) that were counted off on
a ring of beads numbering 150. The mysteries of the New Testament were meditated upon
within this "mirror" of the 150 Old Testament psalms. Hence, Salvation History
itself permeated this simple method of prayer. The repetition allowed for a rhythmic
breathing, leading the participant to an inner realm of peace and calm. The rosary
eventually became a favored personal devotion among many people, including the learned
laity and religious.
The name rosary was derived from the rose,
a flower having a great depth of symbolism. One of the spiritual titles given to the
Virgin Mary, Mystical Rose, referred to her womb as the developing flower of Christ the
Savior. Moreover, the patient unfolding of the five concentric petals of the rose was
likened to our own patient mastery of the five senses, the integration of all the creative
and life-communicating energies of a human person. Yet the blossoming of the spiritual
life could only be achieved and maintained by the defensive "thorn" of daily
Through the centuries the Dominican Order
has been very influential in the promotion of the rosary as we know it today. Other
religious communities also developed and practiced their own particular form of this
The Franciscan rosary, or as it is properly
called, The Franciscan Crown, dates to the early part of the 15th century. At that time a
young man who found spiritual joy in weaving a crown of wild flowers for a beautiful
statue of Mary decided to enter the Franciscan Order. After entering the community,
however, he was saddened when he no longer found the time to gather flowers for his
personal devotion. One evening, while feeling tempted to abandon his vocation, he received
a vision of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Virgin Mother encouraged the young novice to
persevere by reminding him of the joyfulness of the Franciscan spirit. She also instructed
him to meditate daily on seven joyful events from her own life as a new form of the
rosary. Instead of a crown of flowers, the novice would now weave a crown of prayers.
Before long, many other Franciscans began to pray the Crown and soon it spread to the
entire Order, becoming officially established in 1422.
In addition to developing this Marian
devotion, the Franciscans are credited with adding the final words to the Hail Mary, Holy
Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. In 1263, Saint
Bonaventure, Minister General of the Order, encouraged liturgical devotion honoring the
mystery of the Visitation. Saint Bonaventure also popularized the daily triple recitation
of the Angelus which it is believed Saint Francis initiated after visiting the Holy Land.
Francis was deeply impressed by the Muslim practice of stopping to pray several times a
day, and desired to Christianize this pious custom. A Franciscan pope, Sixtus IV
(1471-1485), introduced the feast of the Immaculate Conception and the feast of Saint
Joseph as husband of Mary. He also issued the first papal pronouncement encouraging the
rosary as in invaluable instrument of personal and societal conversion.
Taken from The Franciscan Crown
a beautiful booklet available in most Catholic Book stores
Courtesy of The Franciscan Friars of Marytown
to say the Crown Rosary
Journey of Faith: The Seven Joys of Mary
By Father Thomas Bourque, T.O.R.
Most Sacred Heart of Jesus Province, USA - Loretto, PA.
The Franciscan Crown consists of seven decades of Hail Mary's, each preceded
by an Our Father and followed by a Glory Be.
The Crown recalls the seven joys of Mary and how she responded to the grace of
God in her life.
It begins with the sign of the cross which is then followed by seven decades, each
consisting of one Our Father, ten Hail Mary's and one Glory Be.
At the end of the seven decades, there are two additional Hail Mary's, bringing the total
of Hail Mary's to 72 years.
The Crown is concluded by praying one Our Father and one Hail Mary for the intentions of
the Pope.
is presented a reflection and meditation on the Franciscan Crown, entitled, A JOURNEY OF
FAITH: THE SEVEN JOYS OF MARY. The reflection studies each of the joys of
Mary by beginning with one's openness to SCRIPTURE.
As the
joys of the Franciscan Crown are pondered, one is invited to listen to the Word of God and
to be open to the gift of the Holy Spirit.
each joy, a gift of the Holy Spirit has been given for study and reflection.
seven gifts challenge each individual to live a graced-filled and moral life. They allow
one to reflect on the grace and strength Mary had in responding to her call and
relationship with God.
reflection offers questions for meditation and ends with a prayer taken from the prayer of
the Church.