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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post546971741596598184..comments2019-02-21T04:41:45.851-08:00Comments on learnetarium.com: Michel Thomas Mandarin Chinese Vocabulary CourseHaroldhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-48610321159300995712018-11-03T18:07:49.601-07:002018-11-03T18:07:49.601-07:00I agree completely. Some people have no shame. As...I agree completely. Some people have no shame. As far as Collins, the publisher for Noble, it is solely a question of money.Haroldhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-76076654192790445692018-11-03T14:48:17.293-07:002018-11-03T14:48:17.293-07:00Paul Noble is a blatant rip off of the Michel Thom...Paul Noble is a blatant rip off of the Michel Thomas Method. I am shocked that he has never been sued. Admittedly his course is good and does what it is intended to do, but it is quite disgraceful that he doesn't credit Thomas as the basis for the firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-40207864057475653092013-10-21T19:34:55.039-07:002013-10-21T19:34:55.039-07:00The publisher told me that they were creating a co...The publisher told me that they were creating a course with vocabulary based on what I had done. I know nothing about it.Haroldhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-26951629438150210942013-10-15T02:18:10.367-07:002013-10-15T02:18:10.367-07:00I have seen a new course called Mandarin Chinese V...I have seen a new course called Mandarin Chinese Vocabulary Builder+ with the Michel Thomas Method for sale on amazon. Could you tell me, is this a new course? It says that it teaches 1000+ words and lists you as the author but I can't find anything on your website about it. Would you consider writing a post on your blog about it? There is not much written about it on the internet and there must be other people like me searching for information on it I would guess. The idea of learning a thousand Chinese words in a few hours is awesome. If you could explain just a little about how it works, I would really appreciate it.

Thank you for your time and I look forward to hearing more about it.

firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-54548961354808141852011-07-13T04:51:44.297-07:002011-07-13T04:51:44.297-07:00I have just written a post ( 13 July 2011) address...I have just written a post ( 13 July 2011) addressing your question. It is a very good question; thanks for writing.Haroldhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-35039592942034949092011-07-13T02:33:40.049-07:002011-07-13T02:33:40.049-07:00I'm a Michel Thomas method veteran - I've ...I'm a Michel Thomas method veteran - I've bought and done the Spanish, Italian, German, French, Russian and recently your Chinese course.

I'm consistently amazed by how it's possible to be reeling off long sentences in the target language after just a couple of hours tuition. Really fantastic.

Do you have more courses planned beyond the advanced and the vocabulary courses ? As is the problem with many language courses - there is plenty of introductory material, but once you get past that level there is not so much email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-21666592588945988002010-09-20T14:54:29.467-07:002010-09-20T14:54:29.467-07:00Hi, I,too, am disappointed that McGraw-Hill, the...Hi,

I,too, am disappointed that McGraw-Hill, the US publisher of all the Michel Thomas courses, has chosen not to release any of the vocabulary courses for any of the languages.

My sense is that the numbers were not too good for the MT sales in North America. Of course, since few people over here have ever heard of him and since MH has chosen to do zero marketing for these courses, I am not too surprised that the courses sell poorly.

You can order the Chinese Vocabulary course from amazon.co.uk. They have very good service for American orders according to my own experience.

I am happy that you are enjoying the course. Let me know how it goes.

Best wishes,

HaroldHaroldhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-13656349451768731592010-09-20T01:01:08.244-07:002010-09-20T01:01:08.244-07:00I own both the beginner and advanced sets. I am 2/...I own both the beginner and advanced sets. I am 2/3 through the beginner set and really enjoying it. I wanted to buy the vocabulary set as well and was very disappointed to see that it is not offered in the U.S.? Why is that? Why are the first two offered in the U.S. and yet the third is email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-18126358262305068062010-05-08T09:42:08.682-07:002010-05-08T09:42:08.682-07:00Dear Dr. Harold Goodman, Having tried other compe...Dear Dr. Harold Goodman,

Having tried other competing methods this year, I feel your product was the one that spoke to my soul.

Since using your product, I've improvised and built on my knowledge of Chinese by visiting Chinese websites, finding like-minded friends on these websites, and having a series of daily videoconferences.

I am very confident in my spoken Chinese as a result of using these CDs. These CDs are the best known starting point for a prospective speaker of Chinese. Your program definitely lays the ultimate framework for an autodidact to gain just enough through guided study that they can begin learning more on their own.

Thank you sir! If you ever upgrade this series with additional content, I will be sad if the cast is changed -- but I will still buy it! I feel as though I learned and laughed with these students.

Sincerely,

-A student of 22 years who is going to spend two years in firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-14310313215444033122010-01-28T16:54:26.849-08:002010-01-28T16:54:26.849-08:00Hi, CePeeS My publisher, Hodder, in the UK has a ...Hi, CePeeS

My publisher, Hodder, in the UK has a formula for their Michel Thomas courses which consists of three levels. So this will be the final level.

Thanks so much for your feedback. I love to hear from students!

HaroldHaroldhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-499670189355341645.post-55732441156109870952009-08-28T07:30:15.832-07:002009-08-28T07:30:15.832-07:00I am still working on Chinese Foundation CDs but l...I am still working on Chinese Foundation CDs but looking forward to jump into Advance and Vocabulary Courses.
So far they are the best courses of Chinese language for self study I have ever tried!
Once question to you in relation to the Chinese Mandarin series. Do you consider to work on and publish Chinese Mandarin Language Builder CDs ?CePeeShttps://email@example.com


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Thursday, August 20, 2015
Autumn Greetings
10 comments:
I just LOVE this card with that barrel of perfectly colored apples! Autumn is my favorite time of the year and is rapidly approaching so I'm especially fond of this creation! Well done my friend, and I hope you're staying cool! The hum-diditty is awful this week! LOLReplyDelete
As much as I hate this heat, you can sure feel autumn approaching. I am ready for everything apples and pumpkin. So many Gina K. images and so little time. I love every set I own.ReplyDelete
Hi Donna! Love this Autumn card! Your coloring skills are awesome! Autumn is my favorite season so I look forward to seeing more of your beautiful Autumn cards! Have a great day!ReplyDelete
Fabulous!! Those apples look so yummy!!ReplyDelete
This is wonderful, Donna! Incredible coloring, my friend, and it's a perfect card for fall. It takes me back to some lovely childhood memories of going up inro the foothills to the apple orchards and hand picking our own apples, then storing them in the cellar for fall and winter enjoyment, including some of the most wonderful pies ever baked. :-DReplyDelete
Fabulous card Donna. Love the colours and that super basket of apples and all the layering xxReplyDelete
A fabulous card Donna, such a super autumn image and lovely cloudy sky.ReplyDelete
Beautiful coloring, Donna, that basket of apples looks delicious! I love the fall colors you used and that sky is fabulous!ReplyDelete
Those apples look delicious! Beautiful card!ReplyDelete
Outstanding coloring on that image and a totally stunning card! Makes me wish Fall was here right now. Love the clouds in the background.ReplyDelete

subset: commoncrawl


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In Algorithmic Art ,General News | Tags: Worley noise
Yet another primitive noise type has joined my library: Worley noise. This type of noise is directly based off of the concept of Voronoi diagrams. A Worley noise algorithm simply distributes a set of random points in 2-dimensional space and then computes the distance to the nearest point at a given pixel. The distance computed determines the color value of the pixel.
Interestingly, Worley noise resembles heavily-eroded perlin noise to some degree. It produces fairly convincing heightmaps with characteristic sharp slopes.


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Janice Eskridge and her daughter, Letisha Allen, won second place in the mother-and-daughter look-alike contest during Mother's Day.
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the Roane County News, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
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Atrocity, Race, and Region in the Early Haitian Revolution: The Fond d'Icaque Rising
David Geggus
Set within a larger analysis of class relations in the Haitian Revolution, this is a microhistory that intersects with several important themes in the revolution: rumor, atrocity, the arming of slaves, race relations, and the origins and wealth of the free colored population. It is an empirical investigation of an obscure rebellion by free men of color in the Grande Anse region in 1791. Although the rebellion is obscure, it is associated with an atrocity story that has long resonated in discussion of the revolution. Formerly the least-known segment of Caribbean society, research has shed much new light on free people of color in recent decades, but much remains to be clarified. In certain ways, they are the key to understanding the Haitian Revolution, because of their anomalous position in Saint Domingue society and the way their activism precipitated its unraveling. The Grande Anse region had a unique experience of the revolution in that white supremacy and slavery were maintained there longer than in any other part of the colony. Based primarily on unexploited or little-known sources the article demonstrates the range and depth of research that remains possible and suggests that a regional focus is best way to advance current scholarship on the Haitian Revolution.
Political Economy, Race, and National Identity in Central America, 1500–2000
Dario A. Euraque
The relationship between historically specific ideas of race and national identity in Central America between the onset of Spanish colonialism in the region, in about 1500, and the end of the 20th century is very complicated. The relationship is rooted not only in the political economy of the region and subregions that were under Spanish colonialism, but also in Spain's resistance to incursions of British colonialism in the area, particularly on the North Coast, well into the late 18th century, and in some areas of Central America into the 1850s. The nexus between the political economy of nation-state formation in the postcolonial setting deepened after break of the Federation of Central America in the late 1830s, especially after the rise of coffee and bananas as major regional exports. Independent governments in Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica tried to impose "imagined political communities" over these exports that would be different from the colonial identities designed by the Spanish imperialism of the past. In this 20th century context, mestizaje, or ladinizaje, became state sanctioned; it promoted racialized national identities in each of these countries, mostly the idea of ethnicity, albeit with critical regional and subregional differences, particularly between Guatemala and Costa Rica. Historiographies that have been influenced by postmodern sensibilities, particularly critical race theory, the new cultural history, and subaltern studies, have influenced recent understanding of the political economy of race and nationality in Central America.
Runaway Slave Colonies in the Atlantic World
Tim Lockley
Communities of runaway slaves, more commonly known as "Maroon communities," were created throughout the Americas. Enslaved people ran away from their owners all the time, often just for a few days, but some decided never to return to slavery and instead found permanent (or semi-permanent) refuge from the harsh life on the plantations in swamps, jungles, forests, and mountains. Sometimes in very small groups of less than ten people, but more usually in much larger numbers, maroon communities attempted to live independently, free from white interference. White responses to maroon communities varied over time and included military assaults and peace treaties.


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Terrence Jones has not gotten a ton of opportunities to display his skills for the Houston Rockets. Three games into the season, the rookie out of Kentucky had appeared in only three games for a total of 33 minutes and had scored 13 points.
But two of those 13 points came in dramatic fashion on Sunday.
With about 8:30 left in the second quarter of the Rockets' game against the Lakers, Jones got the ball and dribbled up the court. When nobody on the Lakers stopped the ball, Jones just kept going. Los Angeles guard Jodie Meeks attempted to take a belated charge as Jones rose up near the hoop, but Meeks was too late. Jones hammered down a right-handed slam to posterize the unfortunate guard.
Meeks and the Lakers came out on top in the end with a 119-108 win, but Jones' dunk will live on forever on the Internet.
Check out Jones' highlight-reel jam in the video below.
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Ranjit wanted to be Laloo?s MP
Since his native Nalanda is represented by Defence Minister George Fernandes, Ranjit was angling for the Rashtriya Janata Dal ticket.india Updated: Nov 30, 2003 01:30 IST
Politics was next on Ranjit Don's agenda, and his target was the Parliament of India.
Since his native Nalanda is represented by Defence Minister George Fernandes, Ranjit was angling for the Rashtriya Janata Dal ticket. He was hopeful that well-placed connections in Bihar's ruling party would help him get the ticket.
Right from securing admission of their wards to prestigious institutions to funding their campaigns, Ranjit obliged many politicians. He often boasted that a ticket from any recognised party would be no big deal.
The grapevine has it that he helped a Bihar minister buy a flat in a posh Mumbai locality, and that he had funded the campaign of a union minister from Bihar during the last Lok Sabha elections.
Stepping up political activities recently, Ranjit formed the Magadh Vikas Manch to do grassroots political work. He convened meetings of the manch twice a month, and the turnouts were said to be impressive.
Ranjit organised three meetings in Hilsa subdivision in September to take stock of the current political situation. He openly said that the local MP and MLA would have to answer for the area's underdevelopment. He promised every youngster a job if he won the next Lok Sabha polls, and this ruffled many feathers.
Ranjit wanted to contest the last assembly polls on a Samata Party ticket, but held back on the promise of a seat in the legislative council. But when he realised the ticket wasn't forthcoming, he switched loyalties to the RJD.
His in-laws think his political ambitions led to his downfall: ma-in-law Bachchi Devi warned him, but to no avail.
First Published: Nov 30, 2003 01:30 IST


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If you are planning to move Australia, You should be very clear with the purpose of your visit to Australia. Once you are sure with your purpose of moving to Australia the next step is to find out which Australia Visa can meet your needs. There are many different types of visas available for Australia. Some of the hot Australian Visas are as follows:
Australia Student Visa: International students who want to pursue any of the degrees mentioned below can apply for Australian Student Visa.
• Bachelor degree
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• Higher Education advanced diploma
Students on successful submission of all the required documents will be granted Australian Student Visa.
Australia Student Dependent Visa: Family members of the applicants under the student visa can apply for student dependent visa if they fulfill the eligibility requirements.
Australia Skilled Independent (Migrant) Visa (Subclass 175): The Skilled Migrant Worker Visas for Australia is based on a points system. If your English communication skills are good & you have relevant skills & qualification with which you can support the Economy of Australia then do not delay, apply for Australian Skilled Migration Visa Today. The best part of this program is that you need no sponsorship.
Australia Skilled Recognised Graduate (Temporary) Visa (Subclass 476): The fresh graduates from some recognized international universities are allowed to work in Australia and gain Australian work experience under the occupations is demand. This visa is valid for 18 months. Later if you manage to clear the points test under General Skilled Migration Visa then you can even apply for Australian Permanent Residence.
Australia Skilled – Sponsored (Migrant) Visa (Subclass 176): Applicants who fail to meet the requirements of the Skilled Independent Migration Visa, for them this is the alternate option called Australia Skilled – Sponsored Migration. If applicant has an eligible relative in Australia ready to sponsor him/her or if the candidate gets nominated by a participatory state or territory then the applicant can be granted this visa. This is also based on points system and the applicant must score points to become eligible.
Australia Partners immigration: If you want to join your partner who holds a Provisional or Temporary Visa then you can apply for Partner Immigration to Australia. Partner or Dependent child both can apply for this visa.
If you are looking for Australian Immigration Make Visas is one of the best immigration consultants Australia Partner Immigration. At Make Visas, applicants are provided with all visa services for Australia, US, UK, Canada, Denmark, Hong Kong, France, Austria and Singapore. Apart from the visa services we also provide job assistance and post landing services to the candidates. It provides the most comprehensive Australian Immigration and Visa services along with consultation to all our clients. Using the expertise and vast experience we have successfully provided tailored services to applicants interested in Australia.


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Marketing Materials
Short run, full colour printing is one of the fastest growing product lines in the industry... and DFS wants to make sure you profit from it! That's why we created the Full Colour Solutions printing program.
You can offer your customers high quality, full colour printing at an affordable price! Plus, we offer professional design assistance, making it easy and convenient for you and your customers!


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Do you treasure the splendor of an old-fashioned Christmas? From the stockings and pine boughs atop the fireplace mantel, to the sweet taste of delicious plum pudding, there's nothing quite like a warm traditional holiday season with family and friends. When it's time to decorate the tree, add a touch of vintage beauty to your home with Old World Christmas ornaments. Although these delightful decorations have only been a holiday essential since 1979, they have the shiny sparkly glitz of ornaments from earlier days.
Designed to replicate the look of vintage German glass blown ornaments, these modern day beauties are the perfect way to adorn your tree for a fraction of the cost. Whether you choose to create a themed tree or simply mix and match your favorites, you won't be disappointed with the vast selection of Old World Christmas ornaments to choose from.
Create a Themed Tree with Popular Old World Christmas Ornaments
While new Old World Christmas ornaments are added to the collection each year, traditional items seem to be very popular among collectors. This may be due to the fact that many holiday items have a symbol or legend to them. The following Merck Christmas ornaments can be used to create your own uniquely styled tree.
Old World Christmas Bridal Tree Collection
Newlyweds can purchase the bridal tree collection of Old World Christmas ornaments to add a personalized touch to the holiday season. This adorable set contains a dozen ornaments that are considered to be a good luck blessing to the newlywed couple. Each ornament contains a certificate which explains the symbolism behind the item. In addition to your bridal tree collection, you can add some of your own personalized decorations or finish the tree with other stunning Old World Christmas ornaments.
Design a Snowman Themed Old World Christmas Ornament Tree
Snowman enthusiasts will appreciate the large variety of Christmas bulbs to select from. Catch Frosty in action as you adorn your tree with skating, sledding, and skiing snowmen. There's even a snowman chef ready to whip up your favorite Christmas meal. From a cuddly snow couple, to an adorable baby snowman, you can create a stunning tree that's sure to please all members of the family.
Tempt Your Taste Buds with Old World Christmas Fruit and Vegetable Ornaments
In Victorian times, families decorated their tree with a variety of household items, including many different types of food. Cranberries, gum drops, popcorn, and dried orange slices were all popular tree ornaments. Today you can create your own food themed tree without all the hassle of stringing popcorn. Apples, carrots, oranges, grapes, and corn are just a handful of the traditional Old World Christmas ornaments available.
The Old World Christmas ornaments collection is so versatile; you can even find the perfect decorations for your modern day man, including a wide selection of collegiate sports bulbs from your favorite teams. No matter what your style, you'll be delighted with the unique and eclectic selection of Old World Christmas ornaments in stock.
Old World Snowman Christmas Ornament
Amazon Price: $8.99 Buy Now
(price as of Jul 27, 2013)


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Garrison: California Should Secede
Oct. 24, 2017
Photo Credit: James D. Morgan/Getty Images
Leftists in California have renwed calls for the state to secede from the Union. Greg Garrison asserts it would be a great idea for them to see their ideals on display without the rest of us to bail them out.
A social and political environment shot through with radicals,racialists to take over the whole place. And Lord only know who, or for what will be the executives.


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Now you can get creamy, indulgent gelato along with moussaka, pork souvlaki or rack of lamb at Hellenic Snack Bar and Restaurant.
But owner George Giannaris argues that selling a treat created by Italians is no betrayal of his Greek heritage.
"Theoretically, cannolis are Greek. Baklava is from Turkey," he said. "The Mediterranean cuisine has become like a melting pot." (more…)


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There's a reason why I love long road trips. In an age of constantly buzzing messages and the need to stay continually connected and updated, the car – like airplanes and trains – is a place where smart devices lose their bond with the outside world. Driving doesn't just give you the freedom to explore more of the world; it frees you from the distractions, too.
Behind the wheel, you get time to think about other things, have a conversation with your fellow passengers, or simply watch the scenery fly by. When it comes to the age of the autonomous car, though – and it's coming faster than you think – will this still be the case?
One of the promises of autonomous cars – alongside improved safety and ease-of-use – is the ability to give time back to the driver. But, while I like the idea of catching up on my reading and TV viewing while on the move, there's a risk that manufacturers, service providers and marketeers could see the car as the next content-hungry connected smart device – and that has ramifications, good and bad.
Dial 9 to go faster
Already, many cars are sold as if they're smartphones or tablets on wheels. Advanced sat-nav and infotainment options, allied to 4G connections, have gone far beyond the basics of delivering journey-relevant information – such as real-time traffic data, or local points of interest – or letting you make hands-free phone calls.
The arrival of Apple CarPlay and Android Auto means that phones are truly integrated into your car, and you can now hear and send text messages, have news feeds read out to you, or interact with your calendars, thanks to hands-free voice activation or hand gestures.
Cars are even being fitted with cameras, and not just for capturing accidents. Jaguar is promoting its ability to fit a Go-Pro to the F-Type as a track day tool, letting you record video of your circuit-based exploits before combining it with telemetry from your car. Citroen is heavily advertising the in-car camera on its C3 as a social tool.
Flirting on the move
One of this year's better April Fool's gags – from Honda – was an in-car dating app. Swipe your windscreen wipers right to like, swipe left to say no. In an age of autonomous cars connected by the cloud, it sounds logistically and technologically feasible. Like most good satire, it's also starting to feel like a warning of an impending future, rather than an amusing implausibility.
Don't get me wrong. More in-car information is a big step forward from the days when a CD player was the main selling point of an upmarket car. However, we're still at the acceptable thin edge of what could become a very thick wedge.
It's only a matter of time before someone realises this autonomous convenience and connectivity can be heavily monetised, and our cars become as distracting and demanding on our time as other smart devices, with a flood of unwanted features and content.
Location- and proximity-based push advertising can already be used to send relevant local information to your smartphone. How long will it be before this happens with your car? A nearby restaurant is having a promotion. You may be tired; the Manchester Hilton should be your next stop. Here's the price of petrol (or electric charging) at your next service station, compared with the two beyond that.
How long before these selected chunks of information, which are useful in isolation, become a sea of unwanted – and unread – spam?
Keep possessions (and data) out of view
There are other dangers with this flood of car-focused content. Privacy and security of data and devices are two of the biggest talking points of the modern age, and as cars get increasingly sophisticated they, too, will fall under this umbrella. There are already stories about how cars can be hacked and stopped on the move, while Tesla – like fellow Silicon Valley disruptors, Apple and Facebook – is finding itself at the heart of the debate about the availability and privacy of its customer data.
Progress is good. But too much progress – too fast, and too unconsidered – can turn interesting technological ideas into ones that ultimately end up disruptive, for all the wrong reasons.
Legislation is only now catching up with the dangers of mobile phone usage in cars, while media attention on the recent spate of road accidents with autonomous test cars – often overly dramatised for effect – is starting to re-ignite the discussion about how ready we are to accept such an advanced level of hands-free technology.
Learning from past accidents
The consequences – good, and bad – of a free and unfettered internet and smart devices on privacy, decency, security and quality of life is driving plenty of debate.
As technology gradually changes the nature of the car into a wi-fi connected lounge on wheels, the opportunity – and challenge – for manufacturers, service providers, marketeers and content creators is not just the value that these new in-car features create for us, but the impact they have on and for consumers.
Just as we're continually re-learning the idea that less content, done well, is better than lots of content, we must become the real definition of self-editors – our own worst critics – to determine which pieces of car-focused content are most useful.
Otherwise, the car won't remain the convenience and the conduit for freedom that it has been for more than a century. It will just become another channel. And nobody wants that – least of all the person behind the wheel.
You can follow Toby Waller on Twitter @tobywaller


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One news item today is about the US dollar falling against other currencies. Last month the big news was that the Dow Jones Industrial Average was at an all time high. I was curious as to how these two compare to each other, so this morning I went to Yahoo! Finance and looked up the performance of the Euro and the Dow over the last year.
As of today, the Dow is up approximately 12% or so over the last year and the US Dollar is down approximately 12% or so over the last year. The endpoints of the graphs line up almost perfectly. I guess I don't need to invest in the stock market; apparently getting paid in Euros is good enough.


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K9 Partnership - Day Training
USA · Washington 16410 84th Street NE
(no reviews)
Let the expert get the desired behaviors going and get you on board so that you can support success!This is a program for busy families. Let the expert get the deisred behaviors started and fold in the family to help support and maintain all the good behaviors. The way this works is that Daphne would work one-on-one with your dog(s) for a session at least 2 times per week AND 1 session with the entire family. Without the families involvement in learning about behavior and training and how to get peace and harmony then you are basically throwing money to the wind. Minimum program is 2 weeks depending on goals. Some goals may require more time. Daphne comes to you and works on the behaviors in the enviornment where they need improving.
The attached video of of a dog in training for the Pets For Vets program going through the BA level of the Canine Life & Social Skills.
The address is my business mailing. Please contact us for more detailed information for private lessons.
Key Info
16410 84th Street NE Ste D #553


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Stuck In Your Story
"A come back is not a go back" ~Tim Storey
I was speaking with someone recently who asked me "So when you experienced that hurt at an early-age, who did you tell about it?" "Nobody" I answered.
What this individual helped me realize is – "Nobody" quickly became my companion in life – that voice in my head who kept me company and helped me create stories about why I *think* things happened and what they meant vs. simply just letting what happened, BE.
And I've continued to keep Nobody around for most of my life. Relying on my mind-made stories to help me decipher events or circumstances and create meaning out of them. And…when I didn't have a direct answer, that meaning I made up usually was a negative conclusion vs. a positive one. This conclusion would then reinforce the limiting story and stories I told myself about why I couldn't have or experience what I truly wanted.
Only when I allowed myself to be in the NOW – and witness what was/is happening vs. being in my head making up stories about WHY it's happening, did I become aware of how I limit myself through making up stories.
We all have a story – the question to ask yourself is: Does your story limit you or liberate you?
The stories we make up usually limit us because as humans we have a compulsion (obsession really) to find meaning in everything. We need to KNOW – and make-up a reason why something happened, why it didn't happen, or why it's about to happen.
But what if you stopped doing that? What if, rather than being in a frantic state to KNOW, you simply allowed life to just BE – to not know?
See, I believe the reason why so many of us don't want to BE in the present moment is because the present moment was scary – especially as a little kid. Being present meant being vulnerable and susceptible to even more pain. So, we found ways to escape the present in order to survive – or that is at least what we *though* or told ourselves.
But, what if by trying to escape the present moment and go after a future that isn't even here yet, you keep yourself stuck?
What if you keep experiencing the same things and unconsciously reinforcing the same story that you tell yourself because your mind wants to be right about why things are the way they are…?
I remember a time I was making a significant change in my life – and looking back now, I can see I was stepping out of the story I'd always known and going into the unknown. My mind kept asking me – what if this goes wrong – or what if this doesn't work out, etc. I would hear the loop go over and over and buy into that thought process.
But then one day, in a quiet moment in the car, totally mind-less and just BEING, I heard a quiet voice within ask: What if it does work out?
I was so shocked at how audible that voice was that I looked in the backseat to see if I was truly alone. From that point forward I allowed that knowing and inner guidance to give me Truth vs. always looking for the negative.
I'm learning to do this now in other areas of my life – and so can you.
Again, the question to contemplate is: What do you tell yourself about your circumstances – and is that story limiting you or liberating you?
If it limits you make a decision to observe those thoughts vs. buy into them. If it liberates you trust the steps your KNOWER encourages you take and watch what new experiences begin to unfold in your life.
As always, it's your choice.
Jun 25, 2017 at 4:04 pm
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So almost immediately after I posted about the top three fika treats I was excited to eat in Sweden, I started flipping through some Swedish cookbooks so I could make some fika treats of my own. I used IKEA's Fika cookbook again, and decided on these delicious little guys - vanilla buns.
Sidenote: I love kneading dough. Seriously one of my all-time favorite things. And look! I actually have counter space to knead at our new apartment!
These buns are really simple. A basic sweet dough with a vanilla filling that you put in right before the second rise. There's not so much filling that it squirts out like a jelly donut, but just enough so there is another level of flavor. When they come out of the oven I did a quick brush with melted butter and a dip in sugar.
They were pretty darn good. I ate them for breakfast 3 days in a row, and I don't regret it.
Hope you're having a grand weekend!


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Oral sex became the "it" kind of sex briefly in the 1990s thanks, in large part, to Billy C's Oval Office indiscretion. Many people thought it was fine to have oral sex since it wasn't "sexual relations" according to our President's definition, so why not rack up the partners? Here's why: Oral cancer. Seriously.
It turns out that while the rate of many other cancers has gone down, oral cancer and other kinds of cancers of the throat are going up and doctors are theorizing that maybe the uptick in oral sex is to blame. Yes, you read that right, ladies. We can stop that horrible chore right now.
In all seriousness, this doesn't let us married ladies in monogamous relationships off the hook (darn!), but it's a good lesson to those who are doing it with random men.
Oral sex IS sex, and if you are doing it, it requires a condom the same as intercourse. If you think otherwise, you are just fooling yourself. Maybe a little STD scare is exactly what we need to put things back in perspective.
Whether you like giving blow jobs or not, the fact is, it IS an intimate act. Even though you can't get pregnant, there are other concerns.
Oral sex isn't considered one of the "most detested sex acts" for no reason. It's a lot of work being down there, holding the mouth open, waiting, acting sexy, and then making the choice of how he is allowed to "finish." That said, like anything else, with the right partner, it's a lot of fun and intimate.
But let's not pretend it's as simple as a handshake. It's not. And contrary to our former President's assertion, oral sex IS "sexual relations" no matter how much you want it not to be.
This is an important lesson for everyone to get from a young age. Sex is sex. If you're having it with random people, put a condom on it. No matter what kinds of "sexual relations" in which you are engaging.
Image via Flóra/Flickr


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Channel 4 Star Elliott Tittensor Talks Sex, Man United and Reggae19:47 - Monday 25 January 2010 - In Categories UK Entertainment, Exclusive Videos
Sexy Shameless star Elliott Tittensor talks about dating celebrities, football and filming adventurous nude scenes in this exclusive interview.
Elliott, 20, is best known for his role as loveable playboy Carl Gallagher in the hit Channel 4 show.
Shameless returns on Tuesday 26 January at 10pm.
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Now we know who the first celebrity is to own the coveted Orbit Helix Plus Stroller: Jessica Alba. She has one before the public's pre-orders have even been delivered! Here she is in the city with daughter, Haven. Alba traded in her G2 for the Helix Plus and took off the Upgrade Kit attachment, so it's in single mode, but it can easily convert to double if she has a 3rd (Honor is 4 and likely won't need to ride - though she can use the Sidekick Board in this configuration). Check out Helix's sleek black frame and tablet holder. Alba girl-ified the stroller with a Grape Color Pack on the Stroller Seat.
Orbit Double Helix or Helix Upgrade Kit in-store at NessaLee Baby, by phone 732-431-0008 or via www.NessaLeeBaby.com to be guaranteed to receive yours in the first delivery, which is expected to ship to us the 3rd Week of October.


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Recommendations and conclusions
Closing speech by Dr. R.E. Hodgson
Closing speech by Dr. J.R. Pagot
Speech of gratitude by the delegate of the OAU, Dr. P. Nderito
Closing speech by the Minister of production of the Republic of Mali
Under the distinguished Chairmanship of His Excellency, SIDI COULIBALY, Minister of Production of Mali
Item 1: Categories of rangeland survey and evaluation
Item 2: Review of experiences
Item 3: Site development - parameters and methods
Item 4: Sampling and data processing
Item 5: Cartography
Item 6: Guidelines for the future
Chairman: A. DIALLO
Rapporteur: A. GASTON
Discussion leader: R. PERRY
Members of the Drafting Committee: A. DIALLO, R. PERRY, C. CAZABAT, H. LE HOUEROU, N. MCLEOD, M. INUWA, P. SIMS, K. VOELGER
1.1 Characteristics of Surveys
Before a range survey is undertaken, its objectives must be clearly defined. Only after such a definition has been made is it possible to work out the characteristics of the survey. The defining of objectives should be the subject of a dialogue between those responsible for development and the specialists who will carry out the work.
The setting up of a survey must include an initial phase during which the available data are assembled and evaluated.
These studies should be of an interdisciplinary nature and should include particularly a socioeconomic component.
Since the surveys are of an interdisciplinary nature, they should include not only rangeland but also the agricultural and forestry zones and other zones which occur within the geographical boundary of the investigation.
Satellite images do not for the moment appear to provide satisfactory results if they are not complemented by control work at ground level.
The use of conventional aerial photographs is always necessary, but should be complemented by satellite images taken before and during the survey.
1.2 The choice of scale will depend on the objective; for planning at the national level, the scale of 1:500,000 would appear to be suitable.
However, planning at the regional level requires a larger scale, for example, of 1:200,000, and for a specific development project scales of approximately 1:50,000 or larger are required.
In addition, detailed surveys should always be placed in their regional context by means of a medium scale (1:200,000) map.
1.3 It is not enough to carry out the inventory and mapping of rangeland; these operations must be followed up by the measurement of primary and secondary production, if possible spanning several years.
Measurement over a period of time should in particular make it possible to ascertain variations in production, especially as a function of precipitation.
It is important not only to define current production, but also to evaluate potential for improvements and evolutionary trends.
Assessment of the cost of surveys is very complex, and for any given type of survey varies widely from one country to another. It is thus not possible to give any estimate here - such an estimate could only be relative.
In order to reduce cost, many-sided surveys are recommended, which would be of interest to different departments (such as: Livestock, Agriculture, Forestry, Water Resources, or others).
1.4 The monitoring of environmental change should jointly and simultaneously make use of teledetection and ground truth.
It is essential to study the dynamics of vegetation in order to provide guidance in rangeland management. Existing studies are particularly valuable in this respect; it is nevertheless necessary to make use of periodical ground observations at carefully determined, representative points, and use at the same time the techniques of teledetection and ground truth.
Teledetection will use aerial photographs taken at medium and high altitudes, and will make it possible to define the characteristics of the different evaluation parameters and their correlations.
The training of African specialists in teledetection in association with development specialists should be vigorously encouraged.
Photo interpretation is a practical tool and a technique with which specialists of the different disciplines should become familiar (ecologists, forestry experts, animal production specialists, agronomists, etc.).
Participation in training programmes in teledetection should thus be considered as the complement of specialist training in the various disciplines and not as training of polyvalent photo-interpreters.
Chairman: R. GERMAIN
Rapporteur: M. GWYNNE
Discussion leader: B. DESCOINGS
Members of the Drafting Committee: G. BOUDET, N. DAWSON, B. DESCOINGS, H. LE HOUEROU, M. GWYNNE, J. PAGOT, E. TRUMP.
2.1 Summary of Principles
Papers by the following five authors were not circulated prior to the meeting, but were introduced to the audience for the first time by their authors. This greatly reduced the detail of the presentation and the time available for subsequent discussion. The main principles of thought behind each type of survey are presented here.
2.1.1 H. LE HOUEROU said that the main philosophy of the survey work in Tunisia is that these studies had in view from the beginning an overall and country-wide agricultural planning and development. Therefore vegetation is regarded as an integrated expression of all the environmental factors and their interactions. A detailed analysis of the main environmental variables and their influence upon vegetation (natural or artificial) is therefore required.
These studies need also to be extended over a long period of time where inventory (research) comes first and mapping (survey) later. The whole country (160,000 km²) is covered by maps at intermediate (1:100,000 - 1:200,000) to small (1:500,000 - 1:1,000,000) scale. These studies called for an interdisciplinary approach with continuity of methods. Accordingly he and his colleagues have established and used for more than 20 years a characteristic system which has become known as the Montpellier system (CEPE).
The teams involved in these surveys included phytosociologists, soil scientists, range scientists, foresters, agronomists, climatologists, geographers, agro-economists and agricultural planners.
The results were made available as soon as possible to the authorities in charge of development so that there was virtually no gap between research, survey, and development.
2.1.2 G. BOUDET reported that the surveys conducted by his team in the Sahelian and Sudanian zones of West Africa were not made on a systematic basis, but were in response to specific requests from governments that were interested in the subsequent development of the surveyed regions. The technique of mapping used ground studies (phytosociology), aerial photo interpretation, and analysis of the nutritive value of grass at different periods of the year.
The use of the Gaussen colour scale permits a good representation of the ecology and value of rangeland. In the Sahelian zone, these surveys were oriented towards rangeland usage, whereas in the Sudanian area they were also linked to agricultural development. In order to implement and achieve practical development in these zones, G. Boudet considered that it was necessary to have a sound long-term knowledge of the dynamics of plant sociology, so that beneficial and non-beneficial trends of change in the vegetation community and habitat could be detected.
Rangeland mapping in the Sahelian zone has been carried out on a regional basis, and this has been a useful means of identification of development problems. The scale of such mapping varied according to the needs of the development objectives proposed, e.g. 1:1,000,000 to 1:500,000 was found convenient for regional development projects, while 1:200,000 to 1:50,000 was found more suitable for detailed local schemes. In total, 1,800,000 km² of rangeland pasture have been mapped from 1959 to 1975.
2.1.3 N. DAWSON said that the rangeland surveys carried out in Queensland, Australia, were of the Land-system type, with the emphasis placed on the description of the Land-unit. In the past the Land-unit has only been described briefly, but in these surveys detailed descriptions of the topography of soils (including soil analysis), vegetation, and land use characteristics have been given for each Land-unit, and the Land-unit has thus become the operative unit for use by extension workers. Land-system maps at 1:250,000 scale have been found adequate for farm planning in the rangeland areas of Australia because of the large size of the properties involved, i.e. 20,000 or more hectares.
The computer methods used have led to a more efficient interpretation and classification of the survey data collected, and have ensured that no valuable data are lost. Each survey, therefore, becomes an important reference point or bench mark for future range research.
2.1.4 E. TRUMP described the integrated multidisciplinary approach used in the rangeland surveys carried out by the UNDP/FAO Kenya Range Management project. These surveys, which involved specialists in rangeland ecology, water development, wildlife biology, and livestock economy, give the broad ecological criteria required for first approximation land-use planning, including an attempt to quantify livestock numbers and the people dependent upon them. They were carried out at the request of, and in areas designated by, the Kenya Government. Working maps (ecological zone, vegetation, water resource, community development, etc.) were developed at a scale of 1:250,000, but the final presentation was nearly always reduced to 1:500,000. These were short-duration surveys designed to extract sufficient information to achieve the objectives of the survey in a comparatively short time and to get this information to the planners as quickly as possible.
2.1.5 M. GWYNNE said that the Ecological Monitoring Programme concept in East Africa used the ecosystem approach to try to determine the spatial and temporal pattern of primary and secondary productivity in a particular ecosystem. The demand from the East African governments for information on a large scale has necessitated the development of animal census and habitat monitoring techniques which are efficient and inexpensive enough to be applied repeatedly over large areas. Data relating to ecological attributes along a continuum of mutability from the permanent to the ephemeral are collected on three operationally separate levels - from the ground, from the air, and from space. The basis of the air survey is the Systematic Reconnaissance Flight, which is also the logical first step in any resource assessment of a new area. Regular ground sampling along transects and/or at sites provides the basic primary production and climatic data upon which the other two levels depend. Such surveys at all levels are periodic, so that the system has the advantage of recording habitat dynamics. Efficient data storage, retrieval and processing procedures are essential to its success. In the Kenya Rangeland Ecological Monitoring Unit, the data gatherers are responsible to a Steering Committee of planners who channel the processed information to the appropriate government agencies for consideration and action.
2.2 Conclusions
Due to the nature of the presentation of these papers, time did not allow an adequate discussion, and there was no chance to consider the merits and disadvantages of the respective systems outlined in terms, for example, of information returned for finance and time expended, usefulness of the data gathered to the requesting government department, and the additional resultant benefits in the form of trained local national manpower. The discussion did, however, highlight the following recommendations, which are the conclusions of the Committee:
2.2.1 Rangeland surveys must have clearly defined objectives with the methodology well adapted, both in terms of techniques and costs, to achieving objectives;
2.2.2 Aerial survey provides broadscale data rapidly and is at its most useful when combined with adequate ground control information;
2.2.3 The most useful results are obtained when all the factors in the habitat system have been considered and integrated in both survey and mapping;
2.2.4 It is imperative that central data storage systems be established for efficient data processing and future reference, as all data collected in surveys are of use for development in the future;
2.2.5 Survey methods must be adapted to local conditions, but it is desirable that they also be compatible with broader regional or international monitoring procedures;
2.2.6 There should be close contact between those who carry out the surveys and those who are to use the land. This might best be done by more subsequent long-term investigations on the site;
2.2.7 There is a great need for training of African nationals at all levels in the different fields associated with rangeland development.
This item and the previous one presuppose that the region concerned has a well-established policy for rangeland development and the financial resources for executing such a policy.
Chairman: L. AYUKO
Rapporteur: A. BLAIR RAINS
Discussion leader: H. HEADY
Members of the Drafting Committee: L. AYUKO, A. BLAIR RAINS, T. BREDERO, M. INUWA, H. HEADY, J. POISSONET, R. RIVIERE, B. SONI, C. DE WIT.
3.1 Vegetation Recording and Measurement
3.1.a The following major points arose from the discussion:
3.1.a.1 The choice of methods of inventorying depends on objectives, and these are very often disparate and specific to varying degrees; it is thus difficult to advocate any uniformity or standardisation of methods, and it is preferable to speak of harmonisation and of research into compatibility between methods of study of vegetation.
3.1.a.2 Methods are adapted to objectives, which should be clearly defined.
3.1.a.3 The different methods of studying vegetation must be inventoried and the inventory made available to potential users.
3.1.a.4 Every report or publication should make precise reference to the method used.
3.1.a.5 Standardisation is particularly appropriate in regard to the data to be studied, and once the latter is consistently treated, it should be possible to make use of methods of inventory adapted to objectives, thus facilitating the training of personnel (scientific or technical).
3.1.b Recommendation: It is necessary to carry out an inventory and critical synthesis of all the methods of study of vegetation, to:
3.1.b.1 state precisely the objectives to which each method is applicable: phytogeographical, phytosociological, phytoecological, the study of vegetation, flora, productivity, rangeland sites, and others;
3.1.b.2 enumerate and define the different parameters used and the way in which they are recorded;
3.1.b.3 compare in one or more locations and with the collaboration of several experts, all the methods applicable to one objective, which would:
a) allow a better dialogue between experts of different languages, and
b) make it possible to use the best method or methods (in training or extension) for several criteria: precision, simplicity, rapidity, etc.
Taken together, these recommendations should make it possible to harmonise methods of inventorying, so that they are consistent in time and place and from one language to the other, in particular seeking a precise and uniform definition of the data to be gathered.
3.2 Ecological Status: Range Condition and Trend
The discussion reflected the considerable interest in unfavorable changes and in the zonation around watering points. Some experiences indicated that rehabilitation of vegetation by closing boreholes and wells was usually not socially acceptable. Water development in range areas should only be undertaken where there is ability to control stock numbers and to manage grazing through the use of various practices. Development of surface water should be considered before that of groundwater.
The recognition of range condition and trends was considered to be of the greatest importance, and the factors involved in this recognition were discussed.
3.3 Plant-Animal Interaction
Discussions centred on problems of nomadism and southward migration across sub-Sahara Africa in the dry season. Rest periods help to rehabilitate the range. Other technical means of meeting the problems include additional protein food-sources, developing the potential of better areas, redesigning migration routes, rotational grazing schemes, and methods of de-stocking.
It was suggested that ILCA make an inventory of operative technical solutions to the problems of nomadic grazing.
Discussion stressed that technical solutions to range problems are subject to constraints of economic, social and political institutions, and that they can be. made operative only when the whole living system is included in surveys and recommendations. For example, extension procedures should be in the local language, alternative ways of living and job opportunities must be developed, the water supply must be centrally controlled, and nomadism should be accepted as a way of life.
Economic returns may determine the extent to which supplementary feeding and other inputs are adopted.
3.4 and 3.5 Nutritive Value and Carrying Capacity of Tropical Rangeland
The two concepts of nutritive value and carrying capacity of tropical rangeland are closely linked, for the carrying capacity of rangeland depends fundamentally on its nutritive value.
3.4.1. Nutritive value is related to:
220.127.116.11 the productivity of the rangeland in palatable species;
220.127.116.11 the quantity of voluntary intake of forage by the animals;
18.104.22.168 the availability of palatable lignaceous species as a source of nitrogenous matter, which is essential for the effective utilisation of nutrients and is often deficient in herbaceous species;
188.8.131.52 the digestibility of forage consumed.
Such factors vary considerably, influenced by climatic variations and the manner in which the rangeland is used.
There is virtually no information available concerning intake and digestibility of the vegetation of natural tropical rangeland, or the actual needs of the animals. Such data are difficult to establish and many studies are necessary - implementation of these studies has now become a matter of urgency.
3.5.1. Carrying capacity is very variable, as are the factors upon which it depends. The problem is to determine the quantity of livestock which the rangeland can support: to ensure a sufficient supply of feed for the animals while preserving the rangeland's productivity potential.
A badly gauged stocking rate will result in the over- or under-grazing of the rangeland, and both are equally prejudicial.
Numerous estimates of the carrying capacity of rangeland in Francophone Africa exist, carried out by IEMVT; however, the control of such capacity through animals has to date been the subject of only a small number of tests.
Chairman: M. INUWA
Rapporteur: H. LE HOUEROU
Discussion leader: P. BOEKER
Members of the Drafting Committee: M. INUWA, H. LE HOUEROU, P. BOEKER, J.C. BILLE, B. LUNDHOLM, N. MCLEOD, P. NDERITO, D. PRATT, C. DE WIT.
Summary and Conclusions
The number and contents of the offered papers was insufficient to cover the whole subject matter and allow for an intensive discussion on this topic. In this seminar the subjects could only be discussed within very specific parameters and on an advanced scientific level.
Sampling procedures were not discussed, but it was felt that there is need for discussions in this field. Though in some parts of the world there are compilations of methods available, there is scope for a certain adaptation to African conditions, having also in view that the researchers are on different levels. Perhaps a complete work-shop on this subject could be planned. It is perhaps advisable for the future to have one or two invited papers which could outline the problems to be discussed.
The same applies to the analysis of data, data storage, and the mathematical problems involved. These are very specific problems for certain specialists, which could best be discussed by a small group of experts in these fields. Their conclusions should be formulated so that the researcher in the field could easily have access to them.
Most of the time was spent in discussing the problems of modelling. For some years these procedures have been undertaken in various places and have brought encouraging first results. Modelling is a simulation research. It can be used to estimate potential production and it can give a guide to resource allocation in rangeland development. As the parameters for modelling are formulated, new sampling techniques for collecting the necessary data may have to be developed. It can be undertaken in the framework of estimating potential output, and it can act as a guide to resources, thus supporting development. As the parameters for modelling are formulated, the sample techniques for collecting the necessary validation data have to be improved, and the scale of operations broadened.
The second problem discussed, more in detail, was that of cellular mapping, by which integrated maps can be produced that may be easily adjusted to changing conditions.
It was felt that the information flow was not ideal at the moment, but that the seminar in this respect was very successful, in that it better enabled the researchers of the different language groups and from various ecological and other conditions to understand each other. It is hoped that this will be continued and encouraged in the future.
The consensus was that:
1) Centres are needed to collect research information and field experience, to help the two-way flow between research and field workers.
2) Effort is also needed at national level for ensuring a better dialogue between technical and extension officers.
Chairman: SORA ADI
Rapporteur: E. TRUMP
Discussion leader: G. BOUDET
Members of the Drafting Committee: SORA ADI, E. TRUMP, G. BOUDET, A. DIALLO, D. GATES, P. NDERITO, D. PRATT, S. RISOPOULOS, K. VOELGER.
5. The drafting committee on cartography presents the following conclusions concerning the various sub-items:
5.1.1 In the transcription of data, generalised interpretations should only be made when sufficient data gathered at ground level is available.
5.1.2 Aerial photographs are basically dealt with by means of classic photo-interpretation.
The use of photographs obtained from satellites by means of various processes (semi-automatic, automatic) makes it possible to produce maps on a small scale, such as 1:500,000.
In the preparation of medium-scale maps (1:200,000 or 1:250,000), photography on a scale (1:100,000) intermediate between that of satellite images and conventional aerial photographs should be envisaged.
5.2 The use of colour in cartographic conventions improves the legibility and clarity of the document. Where black and white are used alone, the use of various symbols becomes necessary, and there is not always a financial saving.
In any event, it is desirable to harmonise the colours, and the basic colours proposed by Gaussen and adopted by UNESCO for the representation of ecological data are suitable for adoption in Africa.
5.3 It emerged from the discussions that maps should gather together a maximum of results obtained, while remaining simple and legible.
5.3.a It is recommended that for inventory mapping integrated pluridisciplinary research should be envisaged, in order to reduce costs and to represent the following features simultaneously on a common topographical base:
5.3.a.1 maps of ecological potential (natural resources, soil, vegetation, water)
5.3.a.2 land use maps (agriculture, forestry, rangeland)
5.3.a.3 maps of development potentials.
5.3.b For document layout, the committee recommends that conventional cartography (defined elsewhere) should be supplemented by the use of semi-controlled photographic mosaics.
The use of this type of material makes it possible to produce photo-maps as documents for distribution.
In this procedure, particular attention should be paid to the use of standard scales (outlined in 5.4) for international sheets.
5.3.c In order to harmonise the presentation of the results of research, a system for the classification of different types of vegetation based on their structure might be envisaged, particularly in respect of grass formations capable of being used for grazing. A map should if possible record data relating to structures of vegetation; in order to standardise nomenclature, it is recommended that a seminar on the classification and naming of grass formations should be planned.
5.4 In choosing scales:
i) the scale of 1:500,000 is recommended for general purpose maps, making it possible to utilise satellite data;
ii) the scales of 1:50,000 and 1:25,000 are recommended for detailed mapping and for the processing of data collected by satellites;
iii) for medium-scale maps, English-speaking countries use a scale of 1:250,000, while French-speaking countries use a scale of 1:200,000; it is recommended that a meeting of experts should consider a common scale for the African continent.
The committee notes that a standard sheet has been adopted south of the Sahara on the basis of one square degree.
5.4.1 The application of cartography to continuous monitoring implies a standardisation of methods. 1:500,000 might be considered as a base.
The use of data processing for appropriate purposes should be extended.
5.5 General Conclusions of the Committee
5.5.1 Harmonisation of nomenclature is essential in order to clarify the data available; it should be based on a revision of the classification of vegetation.
5.5.2 It is of great importance that cartographic documents relating to general information (ecological potential) should be issued in sufficient number to guarantee a wide diffusion of knowledge. The various African national organisations should be in a position to take action to facilitate the exchange of such information.
5.5.3 It would seem essential to envisage a training programme, embracing different subjects and different levels:
5.5.3.a the use of documents obtained by means of planes and satellites;
5.5.3.b the preparation of maps;
5.5.3.c the use of maps.
Such training should be provided in schools and universities in Africa.
The training programmes should make use of research and studies carried out locally.
Within the framework of these programmes simplified methods using computers should be envisaged.
It is recommended that ILCA should play a part in harmonising and standardising appropriate programmes and methods.
Chairman: N.G. TRAORE
Rapporteur: S. RISOPOULOS
Discussion leader: D. PRATT
6.1 Future needs
The discussion was mainly concerned with future needs. Stress was laid on the training of African personnel in view of the urgent needs in all sectors of rangeland development. The participants recommended the establishment of regional rangeland, training centres, the updating of education curricula to include subjects related to rangeland, and the organisation of re-training seminars and support missions for the preparation of programmes. A request was made for the inclusion of a training programme in any cartographic convention relating to the disciplines discussed at the seminar, and for the drafting of a list of training opportunities in specialised institutes or organisations.
On the subject of future general needs, stress was laid on knowledge of the environment, including the publication of information on flora. Emphasis was also placed on integrated inventorying and the definition (yet to be carried out) of the pluridisciplinary combination of the inventory teams.
6.2. Standardisation
It was recognised that subsequent meetings would need to deal with:
6.2.a Standardisation of the description of vegetation;
6.2.b Classification of grass formations;
6.2.c Phytogeographical nomenclature and
6.2.d General inventory methods, including socioeconomic factors.
6.3 Economic criteria
It was stressed that inventorying should be set in the general context of development and should conform to national development priorities.
6.4 Topics for research
Stress was laid on the need to draw up action programmes on the basis of existing knowledge, once a synthesis of such knowledge had been made. It was urgently recommended that the transfer of technology of research workers or inventory specialists to extension workers and technicians in the field should be speeded up.
For that purpose the participants recommended the creation of pilot projects and experimental units for pre-extension to test and promote such a transfer.
In connection with other topics of research, mention was made of the establishment of test polygons crossing various ecosystems, which could be monitored over time; and also the development of basic research programmes, especially in the fields of plant and animal physiology.
Chairman of the Board of Trustees of ILCA
Your Excellency Mr. Minister, Honorable Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
We have arrived at the conclusion of our conference. Now I am not an ecologist or a range-specialist, not even an agronomist. I am an animal husbandman. I think I know something about livestock and what it takes to make them productive, and herein this conference has been extremely important, because it is the vegetation of the rangelands in tropical Africa that sustains the livestock industries in this part of the world.
In our discussions I have heard the names of ecologists, agronomists, veterinarians, and so forth, but nowhere have I seen or heard the term animal husbandman, and I believe that it's time in Africa, where you have increasing numbers of animal husbandry people being trained, that this profession be recognized and that you put your animal husbandman to work. We have deliberated for nearly a week; we all thought along the same lines. We have made much progress and we can assure you that ILCA will take your suggestions and recommendations and advice under very serious consideration as the Board of Trustees and the staff formulate their programs. Now ILCA, or any other one institution, cannot do the whole job, nor do we intend to. But we intend to make a contribution over time to effect improvement in the livestock industry of the various African countries, and through that increase the animal food supplies to the people. Now, we will do this through research, through making information available, and through training programs. We will have a core-research program at our headquarters but a very large part of the work of ILCA will be carried on in the field in cooperation with interested countries and with their research and education people. In the area of training, particularly, it would seem our role to have an influence in causing the educational forces in various countries to give additional emphasis to the training of people who will be working in livestock and in range and forage production and use. But we must look to the individual countries to translate this training into action - and action is what is needed. We must prepare people and we must get them into the field where the action will take place, and this is a responsibility of the local governments.
And you people in the intermediate level, may I say, have a dual responsibility; one is to assist in training as you do your research and educational work, and to do everything possible to see that the people you train get out where the problems are and bring about improvement. The second responsibility is to keep your administrators, ministers and so forth informed and convinced that the great range areas of tropical Africa are important national resources that should be preserved and developed to the fullest. In this, we hope that ILCA can play a vital role along with you. I would like to take this opportunity to thank each and every one of you who have taken time from your important duties wherever you live to come here and to assist us in this way.
Thank you very much.
Director of I.L.C.A.
Mr. Minister, Your Excellencies, Ladies, Gentlemen, Dear Colleagues,
This closing session is a little moving for me in that I see people from so many different countries; there are representatives from 19 countries, in addition to the ambassadors in this room, from all parts of the globe, who came at I.L.C.A.'s invitation to discuss the problems which you have been dealing with for more than a week. I can assure you that this gives me great satisfaction, and I would like to express to you my sincere thanks for the work which you have done and for honoring us by coming here.
In choosing Mali, we knew that we would be assured of a warm welcome. I would ask His Excellency the Minister of Production, whom we thank for being present at this session, to express our respects to the Head of State. We offer our thanks to the ambassadors, who now will be able to assert that I.L.C.A. has become a viable organisation.
At the moment we are a small group, but we hope that for our second meeting the staff of I.L.C.A. will be somewhat larger, and that you will be able to ask them rather more difficult questions.
I can assure you that the results of your work will be seriously taken into consideration by our Board of Trustees.
You have asked I.L.C.A. several times to deal with certain problems. I promised last year that we would hold this meeting, and we have held it; I hope that the requests you have made will be fulfilled, for our work is for the benefit of the whole of Africa; for the benefit of those who, as the first few verses of the Bible state, are compelled to nomadism, who sometimes have families dispersed over hundreds of kilometres for the sake of survival, who have figured prominently in news coverage, and who have in recent years suffered dreadfully. We must offer them something more than rehabilitation - and that is development.
I have been told that in this room we have had discussions among specialists, and that sometimes they did not agree. Believe me, if I had thought at the outset that you would all agree, this meeting would not have taken place. People working in very different places have been together here for as long as we were able to let them be.
Now they are going back, I like to think, happy with our work here. We have been treated as friends of our hosts, and I should like to pay a special tribute to the Chief of Protocol. Without him I do not think we would have made such a success of our meeting. He succeeded in smoothing out all our difficulties, and in welcoming us in the tradition of Malian hospitality which I came to value long ago and which I found still thriving. Those who looked round the town in their free time were welcomed everywhere they went, and I believe that this is the souvenir they will take away with them when they leave, having completed their work in such a friendly atmosphere.
Once again I should like to say to the Minister: Thank you.
Your Excellency, Mr. Minister,
It is my honored duty to give a vote of thanks on behalf of the delegates and the people who have attended this Conference. I find it a pleasant duty, yet I find some misgivings because I think my language, which is a foreign language, lacks the words. I would like to express and carry to you, your people and your government, the heartfelt thanks that we live with of the memory of the Republic of Mali. I think the next thing I would like to express in our thanks is the experience we are having in contact with Malians. I am sure those who took the opportunity to go to the cultural center had an experience that they are not likely to forget. I, for one, for the first time, had a fair contact as an African with their national dances. I believe I could almost do them ! I could almost understand what they are saying. That is, besides the very good dinner and entertainment we had, this was an experience we are not likely to forget. For those of us who are leaving for the excursion which has already been prepared for tomorrow, I am sure we are looking forward to yet another experience of contact with the Malians and the country in general. I am sure this has been arranged again by the Malian Government and we are grateful and look forward to it.
Perhaps, it will not be out of place for me to express here thanks, again, to the Malian Government for having accepted to become the first Government and to be a launching pad for the new International Livestock Centre for Africa, that is, ILCA. This is their first seminar and I am glad to say again, a successful one. I have no doubt that the Malian Government was brave to accept to make arrangements for this first Seminar, because you can never be too sure what is going to happen with the first baby. May I assure you, Your Excellency, that you really have become a first good launching pad. We hope that from this launching pad and the cooperation we have received from you, which if I might say, on behalf of the Organization to which you belong, we look forward to further cooperation between this Organization and other Organizations for a long time to come. We, as OAU, can assure you we will do all that is in our power to guide ILCA and work with it for a successful launching, and also for the good of livestock development, range management and other facilities and needs that might be required anywhere in Africa. May I assure you also that we have received in this meeting advice and cooperation both from within and from outside Africa. We have delegates from Europe who are our traditional friends, we have delegates from the US and Australia and elsewhere, and we look forward to seeing them again in East Africa or outside Africa, for that matter for yet another contribution and, I hope, fruitful meetings.
At this particular point Mr. Minister, Your Excellency, I would like to express our sincere thanks to you, to representatives who have been attending the meetings, to the Malian delegates and participants for their cooperation. Again, through you to your own Government and the people for their wonderful hospitality, could I assure you as we leave, I think it would not be out of place, on behalf of my delegates, to express our wish that we look forward upon any time and occasion, both within and outside Africa, when we shall be able to entertain the Malians and in a small way perhaps return their hospitality.
Mr. Chairman of the Board of the International Livestock Centre for Africa, Mr Director, Members of the Diplomatic Corps, Honorable Delegates:
I have been galled upon to conclude the work of the first seminar on the Evaluation and Mapping of Tropical African Rangeland - a formidable task, owing to the preeminence of the speakers who have preceded me as well as to the high standards of those who have been participants here. Research experts from five continents have been discussing for nearly a week ways to achieve better knowledge of pasturelands, better breeding methods for this zone of Africa, and more rational livestock management. I would like to say, in the name of the Military Committee for National Liberation, of the Government, and of the Malian people, that it has been a pleasure and an honor to receive you and to sponsor this seminar.
I would most particularly like to thank the Chairman of the Board and the Director of I.L.C.A., whose efforts have made this seminar possible. My thanks go as well to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, whose contribution has permitted the holding of this meeting in Bamako. I would not want to forget any delegate who has made the long trip to Bamako. Neither would I want to forget those whom one sees the least, but whose participation in the background is essential to the success of such work: the interpreters, secretaries, and personnel either Malian or foreign, who have taken such pains to satisfy the needs of the delegates.
It was a pleasure for us to hear from you that you were happy in Bamako. We received you in the spirit and simplicity characteristic of our traditions of hospitality. If modesty of means has caused any inconvenience, I am sure you will accept our apologies.
Pasturelands were the focus of your discussions. These great spaces are said to have formed the character and temperament of the Sahelian man. On an optimistic note, I would like to conclude this meeting by saying that in the midst of our sometimes very sophisticated discussions, we must never lose sight of the fact that development is achieved by man, for man. It is this that researchers must keep in mind. Surely research, sometimes very sophisticated, can make a valuable contribution - but we would be left hungry if research results were not readily applicable to development. My request in the name of the African countries is that the work of ILCA take into account this reality, and that researchers aspire first to answer the needs of development programs as they are conceived of by us. My second request concerns training. It is with high-level consultants as with may-flies: they are very pretty in their season, but once the season ends only a sad memory remains. Unless research and development programs are concerned with the education of those who are called on to take charge of projects once the experts have left, their work is in vain. Therefore I think that specialists on African countries, must be intimately associated with the formulation of research programs and their execution, in order to guarantee continuity.
I have said that I am going to end this meeting on an optimistic note, and in fact, the holding of this seminar, the very fruitful exchange of ideas, permits us to foresee a bright future for ILCA. I wish long life to this Centre.
I thank you.
Fig 16a
Fig 16c
Republique du Mali
Western arid region land
Pâturages du nord Sénégal
Esquisse pastorale de la region de mopti
Land systems
Carte des pâturages du nord Sénégal
Major vegetation groups


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Leah Prestamo
By day, Leah braves the perils of the cubicle, working as in-house legal counsel for a national non-profit. An avid knitter since the age of five, Leah dreams of someday living on a farm surrounded by alpacas, sheep, organic vegetables, and a rockin' pair of cowboy boots.
The name Weaving Tales was inspired by a dear college professor who loves to compare knitting and weaving with the construction of a literary text. Leah hopes this blog will explore the limitless potential of creativity by which we weave the words, the fibers, the stories, and the fabrics that piece together life.
About the Legal Stuff
I design because I want to contribute to the communities and the work of artistic and creative people.
Copyright and intellectual property issues can be a sensitive subject in some design circles - with good reason - so I would like to be clear about my policy. Once you have downloaded one of my patterns (free or paid), you are free to do what you wish with the finished object you create from it. I will not try to restrict the sale of items made from my patterns. If you have found a way to make money through your knitting – go for it! Link to me so I can toast to your success. I only ask that you not reproduce my patterns or photos without permission.


text:
In another big concert announcement for Macon and central Georgia, the Macon Centreplex announced Friday that The Band Perry will be coming to town March 20, 2014. The show will be a part of the groups first international tour which will kick off in Gothenburg, Sweden on November 8, 2013.
"We live to play. In our minds everything we do - writing, recording, interviews, appearances -is the means to the live end. To fully and totally understand our band, you have to see us live. It's the three of us in our element, our living room, our therapy session, our recess. We can't wait to bring WE ARE PIONEERS to the world, " band member Kimberly Perry tells WGXA.
The Band Perry will debut an entirely new show, including a new set, sound, lights and even a few new tricks. Easton Corbin and Lindsay Ell will join The Band Perry on the North American dates.
Band member Reid Perry tells WGXA, "Marching forward and making noise together. That's what a Band Perry show is all about. There are these moments that we've built into the show when the three of us and our band are like an army or a marching band. Us, our band, and the crowd - it's like we're a team, and we're all in it together. We are very fortunate that we get to walk on stage and do what we love to do - and it's our fans that have given us that opportunity. We sincerely appreciate each and every one of them, and we are looking forward to meeting new people across the world and making The Fans Perry a global community."
Neil Perry added, "We believe pioneers are everywhere. Big and small, young and old, on North-American shores and abroad - we are coming to find you!"
Ticket information will be announced soon.


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Synchronization with the Remote Loader on the Domain Controller
Novell Cool Solutions: Tip
By Aaron Burgemeister
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Posted: 30 May 2007
A Forum reader recently asked:
"I'm trying to synchronize eDirectory with AD in an MS-centric network. This is in preparation for installing ZENworks. I have loaded the driver on the eDirectory server and am NOT using a remote loader on the DC. I have the driver installed and working, but get the error LDAP_SERVER_DOWN in the trace."
And here's the response from Aaron Burgemeister ...
I highly recommend you put the Remote Loader (RL) on the Domain Controller (DC). It will simplify (incredibly) what you will probably need to do. Also, should you decide to go with a non-DC you will need to use Negotiate if you want passwords to synchronize bidirectionally or Exchange to be provisioned.
If you do not have the RL on the DC, you still need to use Negotiate as long as the server running the RL is in the domain. If it is not, you must use Simple - and then you lose features.
While using Negotiate on a member server (of your domain), you still must use SSL for the synchronization. Also, you must specify your DC with a DNS name, as I recall. Running the RL on the DC means you can leave out the authentication context (the DC in DNS form) as well as SSL/Signing/Sealing - which are, in all other cases, required. If you get an LDAP 81 error, usually that means SSL isn't configured properly on the DC. You will need to talk to Microsoft or your MAD admins for that.
As a note of why I prefer the RL on the DC a few things come to mind.
- No extra configuration is needed for either MAD or eDirectory.
- Fewer network connections are being crossed (slowing things down), and there are fewer places for interruptions to occur or malicious-types to penetrate.
- I can get the RL on DC working in about 5 minutes with passwords going both ways, including the DC reboot. The steps to setup LDAPS on MAD and have it working with the driver are painful and take much longer - and there aren't really any benefits to doing it that way.
The Remote Loader runs (on my box) taking a whole 11 MB RAM when tracing, which is fairly minimal (about the same as wordpad and calc running together, on my box). All the Remote Loader does is listen (on the port you choose) and run the driver shim. The shim talks to AD, so it's not prone to harming the DC itself. When SSL is enabled there, between the RL and the engine (as it should be), anybody attempting to connect to the RL would need, besides two passwords, the SSL certificate used for the connection. So, it's fairly safe against attackers.
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