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Specializing In Michigan Auto Law Since 1951
For more than 65 years, the Michigan car accident attorneys at the Sinas Dramis Law Firm have fiercely represented persons injured in auto accidents, semi-truck accidents, motorcycle accidents, bicycle accidents, and pedestrian accidents.
Our lawyers also represent the medical providers that treat and care for those who suffer severe car accident injuries.
Our Lansing auto accident lawyers and Grand Rapids car accident attorneys have helped personal injury victims throughout Michigan get the medical care and no-fault benefits they deserve, so they can focus on their health and their recovery.
Our Michigan car accident lawyers pride themselves in being considered leading authorities on the state's no-fault law. The no-fault law can be difficult to navigate because it allows persons injured in an auto accident to pursue two separate claims: 1) a claim for no-fault insurance benefits with their insurance company and 2) a claim for damages against the at-fault driver.
Unfortunately, some law firms will only handle an accident victim's claim for damages against the negligent driver and will not assist with the claim for no-fault benefits. This can be frustrating for car crash victims, who must then find another lawyer to handle the insurance benefits portion of their case.
At Sinas Dramis, our clients have peace of mind in knowing that our Michigan auto accident attorneys will represent them in BOTH aspects of their case — their claim for no-fault benefits and their auto negligence claim against the at-fault driver.
Contact our Michigan car accident lawyers today for a free consultation.
Michigan Auto Accident Attorneys
If you don't know how the no-fault system works, resolving your claim without the proper guidance can quickly become a nightmare. Our Michigan auto accident attorneys are here to help you every step of the way.
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Michigan Semi-Truck Accidents
Complex federal and state laws apply when you're involved in a semi-truck accident. Our Michigan semi-truck accident attorneys have handled numerous semi-truck cases, giving our clients peace of mind.
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Michigan Motorcycle Accidents
Our Michigan motorcycle accident attorneys understand that motorcycle crash injuries can be severe. Our experienced motorcycle lawyers will fight for your right to access the no-fault benefits that you're entitled to receive.
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Michigan Wrongful Death Attorneys
If you have lost a loved one because of another person's negligence, you may be able to bring a wrongful death claim. Consult one of our Michigan wrongful death attorneys to discuss your case and your next steps.
Contact Us Today for a Free Case Evaluation


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In 1981, the Pham siblings — Victor, Mina and Duncan — fled their native Vietnam by boat, surviving by foraging what they could on the islands they stopped at along the way to Thailand. When they arrived in Thailand, the trio continued to feed themselves by catching what they could from the ocean near where they lived.
In the midst of these trying circumstances, Victor Pham found beauty in the form of his brother's cooking. Though not yet a teenager, Duncan Pham was already displaying a level of cooking prowess that seemed unfathomable."He was already this great fisherman at the age of twelve," Victor Pham says of his brother. "He could come up with these different ways to catch fish. He strung together cans to catch octopus and had this slingshot type hook he'd use to catch fish. It was something."
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subset: commoncrawl


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The Gamasutra Job Board is the most diverse, active and established board of its kind for the video game industry!
Here is just one of the many, many positions being advertised right now.
Location: Los Angeles, California
We're looking for talented, passionate people to become part of our small crew, to help build and shape something ambitious and completely unique from the ground up.
Although we work incredibly hard, our studio is not a crunch-factory - we like to live our lives, have holidays, and remain healthy throughout a project. Work-life balance is important.
Your Role
If you're an incredibly capable level designer with ample spacial reasoning skills, a strong sense of storytelling and pacing and an artistic eye for great compositions, please reach out to us!
All full-time employees will be offered a robust medical package, including dental. Salary and bonus structure can be discussed upon interview. Ideally you're located in Los Angeles, or at the least willing to relocate.
Interested? Apply now.
Whether you're just starting out, looking for something new, or just seeing what's out there, the Gamasutra Job Board is the place where game developers move ahead in their careers.
Gamasutra's Job Board is the most diverse, most active, and most established board of its kind in the video game industry, serving companies of all sizes, from indie to triple-A.
Looking for a new job? Get started here. Are you a recruiter looking for talent? Post jobs here.


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- Written by webmin
With 500 pre-entries and more racers expected to show up on the salt, officials from the SCTA-BNI may see a record number of entrants for this year's 62nd annual Speedweek at the Bonneville Salt Flats.
All reports from Wendover so far have noted that the salt is excellent this year and will allow for three courses – one seven-mile long course and two five-mile short courses. Adding the second short course should help alleviate the long lines of racers waiting to make passes that have been the chief complaint of Bonneville racers in recent history.
Set-up, registration and tech inspection will begin Thursday, August 12; racing will begin Saturday, August 14, and run through the following Friday, August 20.
Posted in Blog
Tagged Bonneville, Bonneville/land-speed racing, Hemmings Daily, SCTA, Speedweek


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My son called me into our home theater room the other night. He said: "Dad, sit here and listen to this." First of all, I was proud to hear him talk in those terms. Then I noticed there was a video game on the screen. He started the game, cranked up the volume and proceeded to have me smiling ear to ear. The game was Dirt 2, on PlayStation3. It flat out has incredible effects! When the car slams into a wall (which happens all the time when I drive) you really feel it. On dirt and gravel tracks the surround is done so well you hear rocks flying over your head as you spin out.
My message here is two fold. First, if you have a great theater and have not put your gaming system into it, you really need to. More importantly, if you are into gaming and don't have a great theater, you are missing out on a ton of the experience. My son is home this summer from college. Being an avid gamer, he tells me the sound system adds a complete new dimension to his gaming experience. Previously, he used a pretty good set of high end gaming headphones, but he says this is a world better. We're going to hook up some consoles in our stores to show everyone there is another way a great theater can make you grin from ear to ear!
I've been watching a ton of movies in my theater lately, and thought I would share some of my favorites with you from the last few weeks. There is the blockbuster Avatar, which sounds great and is a ton of fun, but the Adventures of Sherlock Holmes is another fun movie with an awesome soundtrack. Plus, it's in 2:35 for those of you with the new widescreen technology. The Book of Eli is another great sounding film and if you are a lover of wine, the movie Bottle Shock, while not as polished from an audio or video standpoint, is really enjoyable. (Leon)


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This geometric design with soft curved egdes will allow you to create a layout with up to the minute style or equally easily a delightfully elegant heritage page. Remove journalling mats for one large area to fill with a second photo or much more journalling - Keep it simple or richly embellish and you will have a completely different layout every time .
This template is based on a layout by Mandy Tregaskis and has been used with permission
What is a QuickClick?
A quick click is an interactive template. Fill the layers with photos and or background papers to create your own unique layout where the hard work of layout design is done for you.
Quick Click templates come in both stacked psd files, and also separate png layer files for added versatility, and are able to be used in any application that supports layers, transparency and the ability to make selections.
File Size 300ppi:3.21MB


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Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber, Lady Gaga, Bruno Mars, Eminem and Queen, possibly the best line up this year.
If you didn't know, the MTV EMA's were in town this weekend and some of the biggest names in music from around the globe flocked to Belfast to accept their awards. There were lots of tissues and lots of 'I'd like to thank..''s but here are our favourite winners.


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This site is intended for music researchers in the film, TV and media world. The site contains songs, instrumentals and preview cuts from Cult UK artist Rico. On the main page you can freely listen to, browse and download a number of short samples and full length tracks.
Rico released the critically acclaimed debut album, 'Sanctuary Medicines' on EMI / Chrysalis records and follow-up,'Violent Silences' on his own imprint label, Manufractured. The artist retains publishing rights to all of his works to date.
He has collaborated and produced material with Gary Numan, Tricky, LCD Sound System's James Murphy and DFA's Tim Goldsworthy. In 2004 his co-write/production with Numan reached No.12 in the UK chart.
Rico's music was used in Hollywood's, 'The Hole' starring Keira Knightly, Ricky Tomlinson's 'Nasty Neighbours' and a number of UK TV shows on BBC, SKY and CHANNEL 4. The music spans a variety of styles from dark, filmic grooves to sample-based electronics with grinding guitar melodies.
'the bastard child of Tom Waits and Kurt Cobain' Q magazine
To access the main site please press 'Enter' below.


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Entrepreneurship at an Early Age
Fri, 11/09/2012 - 4:26pm | by monicadear
Want to start your own business? Get inspiration from this 7-year-old!
This young man started painting at an early age and selling his paintings online [disclosure -- he's my son]. http://www.islandboyart.com
Now in second grade, he's sold over twenty paintings to family, friends, and supporters. He's also raised funds for his elementary school through periodic auctions of his unique art. He's now retiring from painting and branching out into providing toys for a local retail store.
Do you have an idea? Do you have a vision? Do you have passion for what you do?
Consider ways to turn a profit on your product or service -- sell something for more than it costs you to make it or produce it. That's entrepreneurship.
Here is Gus Lodise's final sale of paintings: pick up a unique, original canvas painting by Gus. 10% of all proceeds go back to supporting his elementary school.
Invest in a one-of-a-kind Gus Lodise painting today!
Prices at $15 - $50, includes shipping and handling.


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Isa Proven Track For Success
Our Goals are Simple -
to create the healthiest people on the planet,
to pay out the most in commissions, and have the most FUN.
Want to Look Better, Feel Better, Perform Better?
Need More Energy, Income & Time Freedom?
Experience Isagenix for Yourself -
Here are your Tracks to Run On!
Your Tracks to Run On - start on Track #1
Prepared by Independent Isagenix Associates
For Information Contact the Person who Referred You to this Site


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on June 30, 2015 WilsonAmplifiers
A popular question we often get is "How does a cell phone signal booster for home work?"
Although we offer an extensive FAQ about everything cell signal boosters. Sometimes, people would rather watch a short informative video. So we made a simple easy-to-explain video just for you.
In short, signal boosters END dropped calls, stuck texts, and slow internet. You finally get to use the full potential you're already paying for! More bars + more connection = Life with no interruptions.
Click on the video above see learn more. And check out our selection of signal boosters for home.
[Originally posted on our partner site Signalboosters.com]
At WilsonAmplifiers.com, we provide 3G & 4G cell phone signal boosters for all homes, buildings, offices, cars, trucks, RVs, and boats. Email us (email@example.com) or call (1-800-568-2723) about any cellular issues you're having and a signal expert will gladly assist you. Strong signals are out there and you're not getting it! And you're already paying these monthly carrier bills. Get the signal you deserve!
Get the latest cell phone signal boosters news, tips and advice directly to your inbox.
WilsonAmplifiers is an authorized weBoost distributor operating in the Houston area since 2011.
For any questions, comments and moreinformation, please call us at1-800-568-2723or email at firstname.lastname@example.com'd be glad to help.
Your sub total is %s.


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|Twilight of the Republic Play Set
|Anakin and Ahsoka
|Twilight of the Republic Play Set
|Star Wars
|Disney Infinity: 3.0 Edition
|Tatooine, Geonosis, Coruscant, Naboo
|Playable Characters/Figures
|Anakin Skywalker, Obi-Wan Kenobi, Ahsoka Tano, Yoda, Darth Maul (crossover character), Luke Skywalker (crossover character), Princess Leia (crossover character), Han Solo (crossover character), Chewbacca (crossover character), Darth Vader (crossover character), Boba Fett (crossover character), Rey (crossover character), Finn (crossover character), Kylo Ren (crossover character), Poe Dameron (crossover character)
The Twilight of the Republic Play Set is part of Disney Infinity: 3.0 Edition, and was released on August 30, 2015, at the launch of the game.[1] It is sold in the starter pack for the game, but is also sold separately. The Play Set Pack and starter pack both feature Anakin Skywalker and Ahsoka Tano, with Obi-Wan Kenobi, Darth Maul, and Yoda as separately sold figures. The play set's storyline is based on Star Wars: The Clone Wars as well as the three Prequel Trilogy films in the Star Wars saga.
Set between Star Wars episodes II and III,[2] the play set takes you on an adventure through the Clone Wars-era galaxy to stop Darth Maul and the Separatists. A Battle Droid factory on Geonosis has been activated, and the Jedi are on a mission to find out who activated it, and why. The play set takes you to four different planets (Geonosis, Tatooine, Coruscant, and Naboo) to battle the Separatist forces and save the galaxy.
Playable Characters
- Anakin Skywalker (included in play set/starter pack)
- Ahsoka Tano (included in play set/starter pack)
- Obi-Wan Kenobi
- Yoda
Crossover Characters
- Darth Maul
- Luke Skywalker
- Princess Leia
- Han Solo
- Chewbacca
- Darth Vader
- Boba Fett
- Zeb Orrelios
- Ezra Bridger
- Sabine Wren
- Kanan Jarrus
- Rey
- Finn
- Kylo Ren
- Poe Dameron
Non-Playable Characters
Mission Givers
- Battle Droids
- Commando Droids
- Shielded Commando Droids
- Super Battle Droids
- Droidekas
- Magnaguards
- Tusken Raiders
- Vulture Droids
- Darth Maul (boss)
- General Grievous (boss)
Other Characters
- Naboo Moon Runaround
- B1 Battle Droid Bash Up
- Tatooine Moon Runaround
- Coruscant Runaround
- Airspeeder Leader
- Jedi Temple Runaround
- Tusken Raider Rumble
- Landspeeder Leader
- Coruscant Moon Vulture Trouble
- Tatooine Runaround
- Podrace Ace
To create the Twilight of the Republic Play Set, Disney Interactive brought in Ninja Theory, the gaming company behind games like Devil May Cry and Heavenly Sword.[3] They were tasked not only with the play set's creation, but also with smoothing out the game's combat mechanics.
At first, Studio Gobo was tasked with this play set and Ninja Theory with the Rise Against the Empire Play Set. This changed when Studio Gobo came to the Disney team and reminded them that they had been working with Vehicles in their games for a long time. This was where the team realized that they had brought Ninja Theory on board to work with the lightsaber combat, but they had put them in the play set focused on vehicles, and that Gobo were vehicle specialists, but they had put them in the play set driven by lightsaber combat. This prompted the team to switch developers on the play sets.[4]
- The Play Set features over twenty different types of enemies.
- The Play Set also gives about 50 toys for the Toy Box. [5]
- This is the only Star Wars Play Set to have an original story.
- For all photos and videos, see Star Wars: Twilight of the Republic Play Set/Gallery.
- ↑ http://www.gameinformer.com/b/podcasts/archive/2015/06/01/special-edition-podcast-star-wars-and-disney-infinity-3-0.aspx
- ↑ http://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2015/05/05/june-cover-revealed-disney-infinity-3-0.aspx
- ↑ http://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2015/05/05/june-cover-revealed-disney-infinity-3-0.aspx
- ↑ http://venturebeat.com/2015/06/05/star-wars-characters-are-the-epic-finale-for-disney-infinity-3-0/view-all/
- ↑ https://twitter.com/InfinityInq/status/631530166842474497


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Find the right tyre for your vehicle with our custom search options. Just give us a call on 138 168 if you need any help.
Looking for a special deal? See what's on offer now.
Tyreright offers a free reminder service so you can get longer life from your tyres.
This free reminder service helps take the sting out of the cost of new tyres by letting you know ahead of time when you'll need to replace your tyres.
Proper inflation is the single most important part of tyre care More ›
With a network of hundreds of dealers around Australia, Tyreright is committed to providing you with the right advice and the right tyre at the right price.
Select a State / Territory above to view all Tyreright dealers within your selected region.
We don't just talk about tyres! We also ask what you think about tyres ;)
"Friendly and very helpful staff! I would recommen..."
Carey, Altona
Seriously, people actually ask us these – a lot.
If you have a question about a purchase you'd like to make, then ask us for help here.
Enquire about your business joining Tyreright here.
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Ph: 1800 722 822
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Brush fire in cape county
Several area fire Crews were on the scene of a brush fire in Cape Girardeau County on Tuesday. Close to 10 acres burned on County Road 231, about 1 mile north of Highway A. The owner says he started a controlled burn in the morning but left when he believed it was completely out. The wind stirred up embers and reignited it causing it to spread. No structures were affected and no one was injured. Firefighters from Gordonville, Dutchtown, Jackson, Cape Girardeau and Millersville monitored the hotspots.


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Managing your stress and anxiety in the workplace - Occupational, emotional, social and physical well-being in the workplace.
We have all experienced feeling stressed and anxious at work from time to time. It is important to understand the root cause of our stress and to make the necessary adjustments to manage our stress. Here are some tips for understanding and managing stress in the workplace for your well-being.
- Long hours.
- Job security, particularly in relation to terms of employment.
- Poor work relationships due to lack of support, bullying and harassment, as well as poor relationships with colleagues.
- Lack of resources, communications and time. Lack of information about what is going on in the organization and how you make a positive contribution.
- Poor time management or lack of time.
- Overload and unrealistic deadlines and expectations.
- Control & micro management by manager and lack of involvement in the decision making process relating to the job.
- Feeling that you are not good enough.
- Work interfering with home/personal life, not knowing when and how to switch off.
- Physical working conditions and lack of fulfillment and enjoyment of the job.
- Fear of violence or harm while performing duties due to environment.
Signs and symptoms of stress in the workplace
- Feeling anxious, irritable, or depressed
- Apathy, loss of interest in work
- Problems sleeping
- Fatigue
- Trouble concentrating
- Muscle tension or headaches
- Stomach problems
- Social withdrawal
- Loss of sex drive
- Using alcohol or drugs to cope
Managing your stress and anxiety in the workplace through self-care methods of psycho-social well-being.
- Plan your work day the evening before or before you get to work. Work within your scope and protocols. Occupational well-being
- Take your breaks seriously, regular (tea–lunch-tea) healthy breaks are important to recharge your energy levels. Physical well-being
- Good nutrition at work is vital, try and reduce foods and drinks full of sugar that will affect your mood making you spike and drop. Keep healthy snacks like fruit, popcorn, chopped veg, dried fruit at the office. Physical well-being
- Take micro physical activity breaks over and above your lunch break to do some stretching, deep breathing for stress and anxiety relief. Emotional well-being
- Communicate with your manager and team about deadlines, expectations, timelines and support. Communicate your feelings as well. Occupational well-being
- Don't take things too personally, learn how to receive constructive criticism positively and apply it to your work. Then ask for feedback on your progress. Psychological well-being
- Create healthy boundaries at work, let colleagues know what is acceptable and what is not, remember the negativity that you allow will continue. Social well-being
- Build positive relationships at work by using appreciation, mutual respect, being supportive, engaging in group activities, being appropriately open, non-judgmental, honest, understanding and kind, remember it works both ways. Social well-being
- Ask for what you need in terms of support, very important! Don't assume people know. Emotional well-being.
- Clean up your act at work. If you are constantly late or complaining or negative or not completing tasks, please check yourself. We also need to take responsibly for the stress we create in the workplace. If you do this within about three days you will start to feel better and more confidant. Occupational well-being
- Learn how to switch off when you get home. Create a healthier work and life balance. Create a ritual that can help you transition from work mode to home and relaxation mode.Spiritual well-being
- Get a good night sleep. This means no watching series or movies till 2am then thinking you are going to be fresh and feeling good for work. Lack of sleep is a contributing factor to stress and anxiety. So try and go off the electronic grid about an hour before you go to sleep. Try reading. Physical well-being
- Stop the negative dialogue in your head! Don't be too hard on yourself. Try formulating a positive affirmation for when you start feeling stressed and anxious. You can use this one…"I am worthy, I am valued, I am capable of great work, I can focus, I give purpose and meaning to all that I do" psychological well-being
Much care!
Marie Joshua
Psycho-social & physical well-being practitioner


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Much of Colorado is in store for a rocky night as wind rakes the Front Range and winter storms gather in the high country, according to the National Weather Service.
A high-wind warning is in effect until 6 a.m. Monday for the Front Range foothills from Larkspur north into Wyoming, including Estes Park, Nederland, Bailey and Evergreen.
A severe thunderstorm warning was issued for southeastern Boulder County, Broomfield County and southwest Weld County after radar indicated the storm was packing 60 mph gusts.
The system was moving east at 25 mph and could affect communities to the east tonight and early Monday, forecasters said.
The gusts had the force to damage roofs and siding as well as topple trees.
Denver has a 20 percent chance of showers and thunderstorms before 1 a.m. with southwest winds of about 25 mph and gusts as high as 37 mph.
The north-central mountains are under a winter weather advisory until 9 a.m. Monday. The high country could pick up 5 to 10 inches of snow overnight, pushed by southwest winds up to 30 mph and gusts up to 50 mph, according to the National Weather Service.
Southern Colorado, including portions of El Paso County, will be under a critical "red flag" fire danger warning from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday. Winds up to 30 mph and gusts up to 45 mph could cause wildfire to spread quickly, forecasters warned. The relative humidity is expected to be just 6 percent Monday afternoon, which could increase the chance of a wildfire.
Conditions will remain breezy Monday in Denver, with a high near 54 degrees. Afternoon wind gusts could reach as high as 37 mph, forecasters said,.
The winds are pushing ahead of a cold front that could give Denver a chance of snow Wednesday night, although high temperatures in the city are expected to range from the mid-40s into the 50s all week.


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The Sigma F1 Frontier multihead weigher signifies ground breaking technology with its improved accuracy and speed using a minimum number of buckets. Yamato's Simultaneous combination capability offers a cost-effective weighing solution for mixing your products, while reducing your costs and improving productivity.
The Sigma F1 Frontier multihead weigher is capable of speeds of 210wpm with the aid of a maximised sealing clearance. Our Bottom Based Handling (BBH) function reduces the risk of sealing failure by producing a distinct discharge of products.
Features of the Sigma F1 Frontier
- Reduces packaging waste
- Supports environmental values
- Increases productivity
- Stainless steel construction for enhanced hygiene
- High speed
- Optimum performance
- Maintains efficiency and productivity
- A solid investment
Technical details
The Sigma F1 Frontier is a flexible weighing machine and is available in 8 different model variations.
Overview of Yamato Sigma F1 Frontier machines
- Up to 20 weigh heads
- Weighs up to 3000g per pack
- Speeds of up to 240wmp
- Independent discharge channels
- Multiple discharge gates
- Single, 2-point or 3-point discharge patterns
- Bottom Based Handling (BBH)
- Suitable for a range of applications including fragile products


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This cautionary tale from G4ILO's blog this morning:
A site called Please Rob Me has been created by some website developers in Holland. It claims to provide a list of empty homes based on what people post online. The information is extracted from Twitter feeds when people post their whereabouts. Apparently it's been done to highlight the risks of location-sharing through social networks. That sounds a bit like the justification used by sites that expose software security flaws - and we all know where that has led to. Whatever, the site's existence does have some implications for we radio amateurs.
I know many of the local hams are using Twitter and APRS. I've seen blogs where hams post their holiday plans too. Be very careful what you're posting or twittering – just a security precaution that we should all heed when we're using social media for messaging and blogging.


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Jerry P. Shinley Archive:From: firstname.lastname@example.com
Tenuous Kerry Thornley-Richard Case Nagell Connection
Subject: Tenuous Thornley-Nagell Connection
Date: 30 Mar 2000 00:00:00 GMT
Message-ID: <email@example.com>
Dick Russell. The Man Who Knew Too Much. p. 356
While Oswald established his own one-man FPCC chapter in New Orleans, much of Nagell's investigative work was focusing on the "leftist" community around L.A. His notebook from the period is filled with their names: [...] Reverend Stephen Fritchman of the First Unitarian Church [...].
11 H 110 Testimony of Kerry Thornley
[... A]t the time I was talking to Oswald, and knew Oswald, I had been going to the First Unitarian Church in Los Angeles. This is a group of quite far to the left people politically[. ... An FBI agent] asked what Oswald's connection with the First Unitarian Church was and I explained to him that there was none.
10 H 54 Testimony of Francis Martello
[text from a Secret Service report]
I asked how he [LHO] had became affiliated with the Fair Play for Cuba Committee and he stated he became interested in that committee in Los Angeles, California in 1958 while in the U.S. Marine Corps.
[end of excerpts]
The FPCC didn't exist in 1958-59 when LHO was stationed at El Toro, but it's not inconceivable that he could have met some of the people who later became involved in the L.A. chapter. I don't know of any evidence for this, though. In his article, "LHO on Campus," in the March, 1997, issue of the Fourth Decade, Dennis Batholomew says that the Unitarian Church "had been the primary sponsor" of Albert Schweitzer College, to which LHO applied in 1959.
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.
Back to the top
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OK, so this is partly a character creation question and partly a rules discusion.
Let's say that for the sake of argument I want to make a character who can take a beating. You know, your classic fantasy "tough guy who is hard to kill" trope. I would normally expect that such a character would wear hefty armor, have high values in Stamina and toughness-style skills, and take blows with little overall effect.
Having spent some time with the system, my current impression is that:
- the #1 best way to build this character is to focus on Dex and Dodge, with Dodge charms
- the #2 way is to focus on Dex and Melee, with Parry charms
- the #3 way to do this is to play with the Endurance / Resistance charms which require you to have no armor (Durability of Oak, Iron Skin Concentration, Spirit Strengthens the Skin) plus maybe Mantis Style Martial arts.
- The absolutely least efficient, bottom-of-the-heap, worst way to build this character involves armor. And even if you do build a character who wears armor, Stamina is the last thing you should be spending points on.
Is this the way it should be? Am I using the system wrong? Is there a way to make wearing armor and sucking up blows an effective strategy? If not, can you suggest new charms which I can attempt to get past my GM which would remedy the situation?
-- finbury
Um. What?
In what was is armor the least efficent way to build a guy that's hard to kill?
I've challenged a Circle of Solar's with an Earth Immaculate in Superheavy Jade. They spent nearly three turns just trying to figure out a way to break his damn shell.
(Mind you, they were new then, but even so).
For 7 bonus points, you can get Superheavy Magic Armor. Booyah, you've got 15ish Soak. Almost any attack will be dealing you one damage, and all it costs is some committed Essence. It's VASTLY more efficent than the Solar Resistance Charms- so much so that going another route almost feels silly to the powergaming chunk of my head.
Now, that's for the Big Guy That Won't Die. If you want someone that won't get hit, get Five Fold Bulwark Stance and Flow Like Blood. If you get one turn before a fight, you're golden. - DariusSolluman
Lunars are much better-suited for Big Guy That Won't Die, since their soak-buffing Charms can cut down on the One Die ping, plus Deadly Beastman Transformation has those lovely regen gifts. I'm pretty sure you can work out a starting Lunar with a lethal soak of around 20-22 who ignores One Die ping from attacks with less than 12 pre-soak damage, and who heals a lethal level a turn. I've never sat down to do it, though, so I could be overly optimistic. Jeffwik
You aren't. It just seems so unsporting. Domino
Don't forget LOTS of levels of Ox-body. That helps ALOT.
Solar soak charms tend to result in a greater soak than armor, and if you're buying the soak charms, you might as well purchase Adamant Skin, since it's right there. Soak charms can result in a soak of 20, while Orichalcum Superheavy plate with a stamina of 5 results in a soak of 19, and has problems. Soak charms have their own problem, of course: you have to spend several turns powering up, and they tend to cost more essence than mere armor would cost. ~Mailanka
I can recommend the armor-interested to review the Games of Divinity. Therein, you can find a Spirit Shark Buff Jacket that gives a lot of soak without any mobility penalty. To me, the problem of armor is that it costs too much to purchase. So, I'd start the new character with a first agenda; to hunt down a suitable creature, and carve a beautiful, personalized armor. Preferably, this should be a unique armor, suited for your character. Also, notice that a newly created armor-solar can buy a decent armor without having to use those preciously few beginning charms on resistance charms. Furthermore, I find that Exalted handles this issue very well. I sincerely think that just standing there to take the blows should be an inferior strategy than blocking or dodging. Blocking and dodging is an action spent, taking a hit is not. In addition, I think that the best defensive strategy is learning blocking charms. The full dodge option as a normal action, supplemented with parries is very dice-heavy defense. This is even more useful now, when the Golden Essence Block have been upgraded somewhat. Finally, a starting solar can reasonably well learn all three strategies fairy well at the beginning. Melee: GEB, DSD, Dodge: RitW, Ox-Body Technique is only four charms. Add an expensive armor, and your're good to go to war. The rest could be used on any other skill that you fancy. However, the first Medicine charm is very useful too. Now if you want to go without armor, that's at least two more charms, but that's a cost you must be willing to take if you want to be that tough-guy. -Clebo
I looked at this as a challenge.
To be honest, the best Solar character seems to be a balanced one. I'd reccomend starting, if you can, with Perfect Lamellar Armor enchanted to have stats something like this: 8/8 (0 mobility, 0 fatigue)- 7/8 0.0 naturally, with that one point additional Lethal soak from enchantment. Since 5-point Enchantments are significantly better, it might have a secondary effect, such as allowing botch-rerolls, Walkaway, or scrapping that 1 point of Lethal soak and giving it Hardness 1. Even better would be Perfect Orichalcum Lamellar Armor, with it's 9/10 soak and 0.0- or a Perfect Orichalcum Reinforced Breastplate, with 12/9 0.0 and a natural Hardness of 3. Of course, these are 2 and 3 dot Artifacts, respectively. And a character with a bit of Thaumatergy could maintain his enchantments, reworking them whenever he faced a nasty sorcerer. Combine with a few Charms promoting Dodge or Parry (and maybe some Moonsilver Hearthstone Bracers- +2 soaks, +3 dodge dice), and you've got a pretty decent rounded defense.
Even better, you could combine Glorious Solar Plate (with the best Hardness in the game at 5) and some Parry/Dodge charms. There's no particular reason a character couldn't begin play with that charm and 26 'evasion' dice per attack from dodge and parry versus all incoming attacks, plus the increased Difficulty 1 from the Glorious Solar Plate shield. That's some pretty solid defense- 26 dice to evade attacks, one automatic 'lost' die, and you ignore ones which do less than 5 health levels.
But, if it's PURE UNADULTURATED ARMOR SOAK you want, 5 stamina, Perfect Superheavy Oricalchum Plate (+2 Bashing soak from Perfection), Durability of Oak Meditation (+10 Bashing soak with 5 Resistance), and a Gem of Adamant Skin will do it. That's 34 soak dice against any non-aggravated attack. Don't forget that Essence Fangs and Scales technique is now also compatable with armor (a convenient method of sidestepping the need for a Gem of Adamant Skin).
Starmetal is worth considering. Though the commitment can get a little high unless you are a Sidereal. Persuading the GM/ST/BigMacDaddy to agree is a problem too, but people are suggesting using Enchantment with Artifact creation here, which seems on crack enough as it is. Starmetal armour and Starmetal Thunder Shield is -2 damage rolled, about -2 successes on the attack roll, plus whatever soak you throw up. Gem of Adamant Skin plus armour plus DoOM, plus Jade Collar of Dawn's Cleansing Light, plus Moonsilver Wedding Band, etc, etc. You can get a good soak. But that's a really evil way to do it. Even worse, a Lunar with the second Regen gift, regens ALL bashing every turn, so Gem Of Adamant Skin makes him more or less immune to any health level loss other than agg, unless you can get the damage to roll over to become lethal, then to become agg in one turn. Although the errata does suggest than anyone KOed can be just killed flat out, so you could use this ruling, if the GM thought it dramatically appropriate.
As far as I know, bashing damage that flows over becomes lethal. Once it flows over again, you don't take aggrivated, you become dead. If a character is KO and takes one level of lethal or aggrivated damage (not counting the bashing that turned INTO lethal of course) then he dies permenenet like. The gem of adamant skin wouldn't effect it (basically, your skin can't be cut and your bones can't be broken.. that doesn't mean your organs can't be turned to exalted jello when that hill crushing hero smashes you for 100B)
But in all seirousness, yes, in this game, under the power combat rules, there is almost NO point in taking stamina, and magical armor from the main book is pretty crappy.. particularly when you can get really good armor from terrestial spells and other minor dodges rather then spending a crapload of artifact points. (hmm... superheavy jade plate? Nahh, I'll just take the Daiklaive of Conquest or an airship..)
If you want to make stamina and soak more uber, I recommend making a characters base lethal soak equal to his Stamina -2 rather then halving it. This makes stamina much more valuable. Now, if you want 1L, you have to buy at least one extra point of stamina.. and having a stamina of 5 gives you 3 soak rather then 2.
To make armor better, one thing I like is giving it a MUCH higher hardness, say equal to that of the armor itself if it's one of the 5 magical materials, or 1/2 it's soak if it's one of the "lesser" magical armors (like Gunzosha armor). Ignoring all attacks that do 15 dice of damage is much closer in my opinion to what a level 5 artifact should be like.
Overpowered? Not really. A mortal with a two handed sword could get a lucky hit in on that.. an exalt with a tetsubo... a halfway decent charm boosting just about any attack, will still cut the person down. But it seems odd that your orchilium superheavy plate won't help you when a starting essence 2 DB smacks you with his fists 5 times and is guarenteed to do 10 dice of damage even if he only scores a single sucess on each blow!
The artifact armor in the core book is insanely underpowered compared to high level artifacts elsewhere in the literature. To boot, both of the artifact creation systems WW has released place level five artifacts at much higher levels than the listed armor. The power level should be increased (IMHO) for anyone who actually has the armor and could include effects like the Dragon Armors all the way up to a perfect dodge that can even dodge attacks that cannot be dodged. With weaker effects such as the increased strength you should probably get other candy—unless you want a strength of 12—whereas the perfect dodge could be the only extra you get. I also think the mobility/fatigue values should be lower, but this is influenced by the fact that my starting level character with FHM and Ritual of Elemental Empowerment can make 10/10 armor with no mobility/fatigue. -TzalFlameforge
- I've found that the best way is to simply lower the artifact levels in general. If you give them ass-kicking powers, then they're at their statted artifact costs. I think a reasonable table for armour would be Artifact 1 - Light Armour, Artifact 2 - Medium Armour, Artifact 3 - Heavy Armour, Artifact 4 - Super Heavy Armour, Artifact 5 - OMFG Proto-Warstrider Armour. This is assuming no other funky powers added in. ~ Haku
Throwing in my two cents. You're partly right and partly wrong. A strong-man stereotype typically doesn't clad himself in full covering heavy armor, instead they're just that strong that they take it. IMHO for the strong-man the heavy armor style might even be hindering, see endurance and resistance charms.
The best way to do it really, is to forget about solar soak charms. Seriously. They're not even that good. Front-load your stamina, pile up on ox-body, and then go for MA. Yes, you heard me, MA. Pick up some silken armor and pick up something like tiger style MA and you'll wind up with an easy 15/15 soak, if you don't break that. That's how I - accidentally I might add - created a very robust solar for my first game. She was supposed to be a damage wombat but somehow through MA shifted into a much more defensive position.
You can still do a strong man with armor of course. Get melee, an arti shield, arti armor, and pile up on parry. No, you won't be full up on soak. Frankly, the second you start relying on armor, I think you break the strong man stereotype, so just take the shield and the parry and roll with it. With solar melee you'll become virtually indestructable anyhow, and isn't that your goal?
That's basically my view on it. If you want indestructable man, you don't want armor. Armor is the cop-out way to be indestructable for those who are not so in and of themselves, and I believe that's why armor is not meant for the "can take anything and roll with it" characters, as much as it is for martial artists who use techniques to steel their very own body against blows.
Also on a minor note... parry > dodge. There are more undodgeable charms than there are unparriable, and using parry gives you an extra boost from your weapons defense value, effectively giving you a larger pool to work with. That's IMHO.
-- Morrigu
- I do believe I've come up with a good approximation of invulnerability that you can take at chargen. Step one: be a Twilight. Step two: Combo the Power Combat versions of Essence Gathering Temper and Iron Skin Concentration. Depending on interpretation of Willpower-Gathering Spirit (it says "Roll one die for each health level of damage taken when hit in combat (that is, damage successes rolled after soak)", it may be possible to use that as well, to make it last forever. Flare your anima whenever hit; with a Stamina 5, you need only two successes to gain motes whenever hit, despite taking minimal or no damage. If allowing Willpower-Gathering Spirit, this can also gain you net increases in Willpower, so you're not forced to make a two-die stunt each round to stay even; with sufficiently high Essence (with Flaws, a Solar can in theory have Essence 5 at chargen), you also never take damage. Since these are all Reflexives, you can add in whatever offensive Charms you want, and have actions free to use them. Vargo Teras


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I am a father of four, and if you too are a parent, then you are well aware of the challenges of parenting in today's culture.
My wife and I have been taking a parenting class (called "Counter Culture") at our church, over the last several weeks, (where I won this book in a drawing) and it has been eye-opening!
I want nothing more than for my children to grow up, strong and healthy in their faith, and to be full of integrity and compassion towards others. So, I am more than willing to take classes and read books, etc to help me become a better (more patient!) parent.
Having never even seen or heard of this book before, it hit home in a lot of ways. The Amish definitely have a lot of things right, and this book helps point those principles out!
If you are curious and open-minded enough, then I highly recommend this book as a parenting tool!


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Our objectives for the back yard are as follows:
- Storage/Bar Area
- Comfortable and more seating
- More table space
- Create a purpose for west side of yard (currently a dirt patch, this will be next summer's project - need to save $$$)
Today I am very excited to share the results of our first objective - creating a storage/bar area.
For the past 6 months, we have been on the hunt for a piece of furniture to make over. The piece needed to provide storage for towels, sunscreen, pool toys/goggles, etc. It also needed to have a surface to be used like a buffet for drinks and snacks when we are out back. We really thought we were looking for a dresser or buffet similar to the buffet we found for our living room.
Then one day, we were at one of our favorite salvage shops and came across this beauty...
Yep, an old beat up catering cart that reminded us of those that are used by the airlines. It was sitting just outside the dumpster. Had we not rescued this gem, it was going to the junk yard! Nooooo! We knew it was just what we were looking for - a conversation piece, a piece we could bring back to life and make our own.
This dirty, faded, sun worn, dried out, rusty cart with missing doors was a bit of a challenge. It took a few attempts to take it all apart. We broke a few bolts in the process but got it apart with the help of a blow torch to loosen a few rusty pieces. After a lengthy pressure washing we were ready to go.
Since we immediately thought airline beverage cart when we saw it, we decided to go that route with an aviation color scheme. We chose a dark blue for the shell - painting both inside and out. We kept the metal pieces as is for an industrial feel. We gave them a good clean and buff and reattached them with new hardware.
We removed the broken door hardware. With no doors on the piece we decided to create a simple roll-up dust cover for the front of the unit. I went to my fabric stash and found the perfect orange and white awning striped outdoor fabric. I love how the orange played off the blue. I sewed a simple curtain with pockets at the top and bottom. Through the top pocket we placed a metal strip. We bolted the curtain to the top of the piece. The bottom pocket has a piece of dowel to add some weight and structure for when we roll up the cover.
We created a few adjustable shelves for the unit. I then hit the dollar store and found the perfect baskets and tubs to store items on the cart. I was so excited to find our colors.


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Although I love riding trains, airplanes are my one true love. So I was happy to be in Osaka because that meant I could try out Peach, Japan's cutest and pinkest LCC (low cost carrier). Normally, I'm not so much a fan of LCCs and go out of my way to avoid them, mostly due to my undying loyalty to Star Alliance. But! Peach planes are so adorable and the flight was so cheap (¥2500 each way), I couldn't resist. Annnnnnnnd, if you're an airplane nerd, you know the appeal of just trying out a new airline.
Peach flies out of Terminal 2 at KIX (Kansai International Airport), which is weird because T2 is "100% LCC"… but there are no other LCCs. So Peach is the ONLY airline in T2. Every other airline at the airport flies out of T1. The terminal is shiny and new, but empty. Wikipedia sums it up nicely: "Terminal 2 is a low-cost carrier (LCC) terminal designed to attract more LCCs by providing lower landing fees than terminal 1. Similar to Singapore's Changi International Airport's low cost terminal, the terminal is basic and currently serves only Japan's Peach Air. Currently this terminal is not directly accessible by train. A free shuttle bus transports passengers from Kansai International Airport's train station to Terminal 2."
But the gate area is pretty nice! Lots of comfy seating and windows. There's also a large store, a restaurant, and a smoking area. ALSO. If you didn't know this, you'll be amazed like I was: there's no liquid restriction on flying domestically within Japan! You can actually bring a bottle of water or your shampoo or some wine through security. It brings a tear of nostalgia to my eye.
The world's cheapest boarding pass? Printed on receipt paper. Sad trombone.
YES. I love boarding on the tarmac. It's always windy and you feel very dramatic.
Also yes: pink planes.
How cool is this guy?
Our plane had a name and the name was Peach Dream.
Pink everywhere!
This is where you should sit if you fly Peach, because I'll warn you now, it's pretty squishy. I might be spoiled because I often fly biz class, but the seats are definitely closer together than economy on your average A320 on a North American airline. It's fine for an plane full of Japanese people, but Mike's knees were squashed against the seat in front of him. Bring a book, because it's almost impossible to use your laptop due to space constraints, and there's no in-flight entertainment at all. Well, it was only ¥2500!
Some of the food for sale.
Peach likes peach drinks and apparently the crew likes sake. Plus, alcohol will make you forget that you can't move your legs.
I love when airlines sell merch. Especially when it's cute.
Peach snack.
I ordered a bento because I like to try out plane food. Not as good as say, the ssambab on Asiana, but decent.
I got this Peach bear so that he can be friends with my Lufthansa bear. I think Lufthansa bear might be too snobby though.
Landing in Okinawa — it was a short flight, just over two hours.
Still landing…
Landed! As soon we stepped off the plane (again in dramatic tarmac-style), the Japanese people yelled "atsui!" ("it's hot!). It was nice to go from 5°C weather in Osaka to 22°C weather in Naha. Especially when the temperature is below zero in Toronto.
So that was Peach. Would I fly Peach again? Probably not, but only because I've worn out the novelty of a new airline and I'd rather stick with Star Alliance for the points. But should you fly Peach? Yes! Especially if you want to save some money or if you like pink.
If you want to read about the flight back, there's an entry about that here.
[…] Flying Peach to Okinawa The Foods of Okinawa Ginowan Okinawa Nara Kyoto Kyoto sakura and yet more Kyoto sakura Osaka birthday (including Universal Studios) Kani Doraku in Osaka Shinsekai Tsuruhashi (Korean area of Osaka) Tennoji Zoo Wakayama (riding the cat train!) Kobe Fukuoka and more Fukuoka (Fukuoka has the best ramen ever) Hiroshima Kaita (spoiler: you don't need to visit) Miyajima (definitely visit!) Nagoya and also the Totoro House (BEST PLACE EVER) and Train Museum […]
[…] Willer Express buses waiting to be loaded. Pink airlines, pink buses, Japan is the […]
[…] do anything weird between now and then.) I'm even flying on Asiana again. No more LCCs for this […]
[…] a follow up to my entry about flying on Peach from Osaka to Okinawa, I figured I'd post about the flight back. Only because it was kind of […]


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Payroll Officer
- Recruiter
- Oakleaf Partnership
- Location
- London, England
- Salary
- £35000 - £40000 per annum + 25 days holiday
- Posted
- 13 Mar 2018
- Closes
- 10 Apr 2018
- Ref
- 29381/001
- Contact
- Jack Burns
- Job Type
- Organisational Development
- Contract Type
- Permanent
- Hours
- Full Time
Payroll Officer - £35000 to £40000 + Excellent Benefits - CityI am currently working with a growing and dynamic bank who are looking for an experienced Payroll Officer to join their growing team. Reporting into the Payroll Manager the role of the Payroll Officer will be as follows: Reporting into the Payroll ManagerWorking in a team of 5Timely and accurate processing of payroll data for 1700 employees and ensuring the team provides a proactive and efficient payroll service to the bankMonth End Reconciliations, production and delivery of UK payroll including ExpatsMonthly processing and filing Returns for the company via RTIEnsuring that all payroll related (Fixed & Variable) data is captured on the system (i.e. Starters, Leavers, Variable Pay and Variable Changes)Amending Pay Changes such as Overtime and RedundancyEnsuring that all P45's and P46's is processed to meet strict deadlinesReview payroll input before payroll interface takes place including: Time & Attendance FilesMaintaining the monthly payroll, including collating and data entry of new starters, leavers, overtime, employee benefits, salary sacrifice schemes, loans, advances, maternity and paternity leave for submissionPreparing information and submissions for P11D and PSA and ensure that the process is completed and submitted to HMRC within the deadlineNegotiating recovery of overpayments with leavers to agree terms for the recovery of company moniesRaising manual payments including: Redundancy, bond payments and salary advancesDealing with queries and ad-hoc requests for information and liaising with HR Teams, Third Parties and EmployeesQualifications:Recent payroll ExperienceUp to date UK employment tax knowledgeGood knowledge of UK employee benefitsStrong Communication skillsGood attention to detailMust have very good Microsoft office skillsExperience of Northgate Payroll software
Similar jobs


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UFO Sighting in Tennessee on 2017-08-14 10:30:00 - I was on american airlines flight 3922 headed to chicago il from greensboro nc (gso) when i decided to take some selfies showing the cloud cover after the airplane reached it's highest elevation i continued to just take photos and this is what i caught.
I was on a flight to chicago from greensboro nc and being i had a window seat by the engine and can see the wing i decided to take selfies with my phone of the view. i didn't review any of the photos until 2 days later. i was having a conversation with a coworker about our flights. i mentioned to him that i'd taken some selfies of the cloud cover my flight flew over on my way to chicago and started to show him the photos. at first glance i thought there was something on my screen and started to wipe of my phone until i realized what i was seeing was something outside the window seem to be following the plane. in the photos you can see at least 3 objects in different positions in each photo. my coworker and myself was amazed at the objects zooming in and out trying to make out what the objects could possibly be. had i seen the photos while still on the airplane i would have tried to get video of these ufo's. what do you think about the objects?
Latest UFO Sighting
Credit: MUFON


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Wouldn't it be great if people visiting the homes of your clients started asking them who their realtor is?
Here's how that could work…
I've often had strangers see my art at an art show and tell me that one of their friends has a painting of mine in their home. When people see original art on display in a home; they inquire about it, remember it, and make connections through that artwork.
Realtors have used my artwork for staging and as client gifts. This can lead to some wonderful opportunities to connect with new clients. The painting that you give as a gift is a beautiful billboard for you–24/7 soft sell advertising. People notice original art. They ask questions. Conversations begin… "I like that painting. Where did you get it?" "It was a gift from my realtor." "Wow. Who's your realtor?" …and then the conversation is all about you–what a wonderful job you did for them, how quickly their old house sold, how you found them the perfect home to purchase, etc. It's a conversation that starts because of the gift of that painting–a very positive conversation and one that people remember.
To view more of my work, please visit my websites:
Let's get those conversations started.


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The Tony Awards Administration Committee met on April 26 for the final time this season to decide the eligibility of Broadway productions for the American Theatre Wing's 2013 Tony Awards®, presented by The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing. The Committee has met a total of four times throughout the 2012-2013 season to decide the eligibility for the 2013 Tony Awards.
The 2013 Tony Awards will be broadcast on CBS on Sunday, June 9 at 8/7c, live from Radio City Music Hall (time delayed PT).
The nominations will be announced on Tuesday, April 30 in a live webcast at TonyAwards.com. We will also be live Tweeting the nominations @TheTonyAwards.
The Committee considered 18 shows at this meeting from among the Broadway productions that opened this spring. The shows considered are, in opening-night order:
Ann, Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike, Breakfast at Tiffany's, Hands on a Hardbody, Lucky Guy, Kinky Boots, Matilda The Musical, Motown The Musical, The Nance, The Big Knife, The Assembled Parties, Orphans, Jekyll & Hyde, Macbeth, The Testament of Mary, The Trip to Bountiful, I'll Eat You Last: A Chat With Sue Mengers, and Pippin.
The Committee announced the following:
All other eligibility determinations were consistent with the shows' opening night credits.
What that means: In general, unless the committee has determined otherwise, performers listed ABOVE the title may be eligible in the Leading Actor/Actress categories; if a performers is listed BELOW the title, he or she is considered a "Featured" performer.
View eligibility determinations from prior meetingsRevised Tuesday, 09 May, 2017


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As I recall, C-Max Energi vehicles were sold with 5 years of free MyFordMobile access. I think it's starting to be five years out from the sale date for some people, so I'm curious if anybody has had the experience of the free period running out yet. (My warranty start date is in November 2013 so I expect MFM to run out a year from now.)
I do use Go Times pretty extensively so I would consider signing up for an extension. Does anybody know what the cost or terms are?
(I would have more complaints about the software if it weren't free, though...)


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Hi Evan,
I went with your advice and got a 52 Soma, got it through Harris Cyclery in Boston. Very happy with the choice and initial rides are very promising. Please find a few pictures of the build enclosed.
Bikes name is TURID
Happy 2014 and thank you for supplying a great frame!
-Ole, Norway & Boston
Thanks for sharing Ole!


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New Montana line
A new line of small tractors built durable to handle rugged farm chores made its debut at the southern show. Montana Tractors is a new company selling tractors manufactured by LG Cable in South Korea and assembled in Arkansas. The tractor line is diverse, with seven 4-wd models ranging in engine power from 27 to 45 hp and three 2-wd models with 43 to 57 hp. The 2-wd models may be purchased with a cab, and two of the 4-wd models are equipped with an infinite speed hydrostatic transmission. The tractors feature a 4-cyl. Mitsubishi or 3-cyl. Daedong diesel engine; synchromesh shuttle transmission for easy loader applications or hydrostatic transmission; independent electronic control 540 PTO or dual-state clutch, live 540 PTO; and remote hydraulics.
Prices range from $9,999 to $24,500. The company also is selling implements, including loaders, disks and mowers, with the Montana Tractor label. Contact Montana Tractors, Dept. FIN, 2737 N. Thompson, Springdale, AR 72764, 800/872-1910, visit www.montanatractors.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 201.
Heavy-duty Landini
The Italian manufacturer Landini is introducing two new tractor lines in the U.S. market. The Powerfarm line is built heavy for demanding jobs like loader work with a standard hydraulic lift capacity of 5,600 lbs. The line consists of five models that range in horsepower from 60 to 105. The models are equipped with the 1100-series Perkins engine that starts at 3 cyl. in the Powerfarm 60, moves up to 4 cyl. in the 75 and 85 models, and is a turbocharged 4 cyl. in the 95 and 105 models. A high-crop version also is available. The Powerfarm tractors may be purchased with a platform or a new high-visibility cab that features a redesigned heating, air conditioning and ventilation system and ergonomically designed controls. Prices range from $24,000 for the Powerfarm 60 with 2-wd and platform up to $41,400 for the 105 model with 4-wd and a cab.
The Alpine tractor line with the 800-series Perkins engine is built to handle general-purpose utility jobs on the farm. The line consists of the 65, 75 and 85 models, which are all 4-wd, five-speed, and equipped with a redesigned cab that is similar to the Powerfarm cab. The cab provides more convenience and comfort as well as visibility for the operator. The Alpine models offer a standard hydraulic lift capacity of 4,600 lbs.
Prices range from $33,995 to $38,695. Contact Landini USA, Dept. FIN, 2160 Breckenridge Blvd., #160, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, 678/924-9885, visit www.landiniusa.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 202.
New tractors from India
The manufacturer Tafe from India is introducing a new 50-hp tractor to the U.S. market. The 5040 is the largest Tafe tractor available here. It features hydrostatic steering, a Simpsons SJ327E diesel engine, live PTO and hydraulics, and a foldable rollover protective structure (ROPS). The 5040 retails for $17,678.
Tafe also is selling two new compact tractors: the 2700 with 27 hp and the 3500 with 32 hp. The 2700 retails for $12,573, and the 3500 retails for $14,649.
Contact Tafe USA, Dept. FIN, 1013 Hwy. 348 West, Guntown, MS 38849, 662/869-1084, visit www.tafe.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 203.
Farmtrac adds power
Two new tractor models are now available from Long Agribusiness/Farmtrac. The Farmtrac 555 is equipped with a 50-hp, 3-cyl. engine. The Farmtrac 555 DTC (shown) is a 4-wd model and retails for $20,520. The Farmtrac 665 model offers 60 hp. The 2-wd 665 retails for $17,986, and the 4-wd model retails for $22,728. The new models are imported from India, assembled in the U.S., and shipped to Long's 300 dealers. Contact Long Agribusiness/Farmtrac, Dept. FIN, Box 1139, Tarboro, NC 27886, 877/639-5194, visit www.farmtrac.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 204.
High-powered Branson
Branson Tractor is adding a higher-powered tractor model to its line, which is manufactured in South Korea. The 6530 is equipped with a Cummins diesel engine that boasts 65 hp, making it Branson's highest horsepower model. It includes a 24-speed shuttle transmission, independent PTO, 4-wd and a cab with heat and air conditioning.
The new model won't be available until next spring, so prices have not yet been determined. Contact Branson Tractor Co., Dept. FIN, 1129 S. Chattanooga St., LaFayette, GA 30728, 877/734-2022, visit www.bransontractor.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 205.
Mahindra expands
Mahindra expands its full-platform utility series of tractors with its new 6520 4-wd model and 7520 model. These two models are part of Mahindra's heavy-duty line of 20 series tractors. The 6520 (shown on page 61) is equipped with a 65-hp, 4-cyl., direct-injection, water-cooled diesel engine. It provides a lift capacity of 5,100 lbs. and features a 12-speed synchromesh transmission and full-live hydraulic system with position and draft controls. The 7520 has a 75-hp, 4-cyl., direct-injection, water-cooled diesel engine. This model also has a full-live hydraulic system and a lift capacity of 5,500 lbs.
Mahindra also is adding 30 series tractors that fit in the heavy-duty, economical tractor category. The 4530 4-wd model is a 3-cyl. tractor with a 42-hp engine and lift capacity of 3,968 lbs.
Prices have not yet been determined for the tractors, which will be available in 2005. Contact Mahindra USA, Dept. FIN, 17729 FM 2920, Tomball, TX 77377, 800/887-2286, visit www.mahindrausa.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 206.
Compacts from Deutz-Fahr
Same Deutz-Fahr will market a new utility tractor line in the U.S. Called the Agrokid, the new compact tractors come in three versions, all equipped with a Mitsubishi 4-cyl. engine ranging from 35 to 47 hp. The 4-wd tractors offer a tight turning radius of 8½ ft. and a 12 × 12 shuttle transmission. A front PTO drives attachments at 1,000 rpm and runs separately from the rear PTO. The rear linkage features a lift capacity of 2,646 lbs.
List price for the Agrokid 40 (shown on page 63) is $17,160. Contact Same Deutz-Fahr North America Inc., Dept. FIN, 3883 Steve Reynolds Blvd., Norcross, GA 30093, 678/924-7420, visit www.samedeutzfahr.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 207.
Easy cattle handling
A new cattle-handling system from Palco makes it easy to move livestock into an alley and chute. The new Continuous Loop Crowding Tub (shown on page 63) features a circular tub with gates that alternate from a swing to a lock position to keep cattle flowing through the tub. This is more efficient than in standard tubs where the swing gate must be moved back to open position to reload the tub with another group of livestock. The tub retails for $3,966.
Palco also is marketing the Cattlemaster DA48 with a chute scale and double alley. As cattle flow through the double alley, they alternate movement through the system by pushing the swing gate on their own. The double alley system is 48 ft. long and splits in the middle for easy movability. Retail price is $20,298.
Contact Palco Livestock Equipment, Dept. FIN, Box 1247, Norfolk, NE 68702-1247, 866/857-2526, visit www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 208.
Fast bale work
The new Bale Runner will make loading large round bales a quick and easy job. The new implement is a remotely operated hydraulic hay trailer that loads up to five bales scattered in the field in less than three minutes, according to Bruce Eastwood of Bale Runner Manufacturing.
To unload the trailer, the operator simply drops the rails and drives away. The bales remain behind, stacked in a row. The operator controls the implement with a three-button electric control box in the cab of the tow vehicle. Either a tractor or a ¾-ton truck with a gooseneck hitch can tow the Bale Runner, which is legal for highway travel.
Suggested retail price is about $12,900. Contact Bale Runner Mfg., Dept. FIN, Rt. 1, Box 3080, Boswell, OK 74727, 580/566-1010, visit www.balerunner.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 209.
Portable 3-pt. hitch
A farmer from Florida is coming to the market with a new portable 3-pt. hitch that attaches to a pickup truck or trailer. The Agro-Doall is powered by a 24-hp Honda gas engine. The hitch with the Hydro-Pack attaches to any pickup truck or trailer to power many implements — from post-hole diggers and mowers to sprayers — with its power up, power down and float operations. The Agro-Doall Hydro-Pack is portable and may be left in the field to run a pump or in the barn to run a 3-pt.-hitch generator.
List price for the Agro-Doall and Hydro-Pack is $7,050. A 30-hp Yannmar diesel engine version also is available to provide more torque and longer engine life. Contact Joe Raimondo, Agro-Doall Systems, Dept. FIN, 490 S. Cty. Rd., Bunnell, FL 32110, 386/931-0615, visit www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 210.
GPS-assisted pumping
GPS is now being used to help make a solar water-pumping system more efficient. Monoflo's GPS Tracking Array will ensure that solar modules for water pumping are always facing the sun. A GPS sensor provides precise latitude, longitude and time so the array's controller can calculate the exact position of the sun and correctly position the solar array. This can improve daily water output of a solar pump by 30%, according to the company. Solar water pumps are ideal for providing water for livestock in remote locations. The tracker requires no fuel or wind to operate.
Prices start at $3,000 and go to $15,000, depending on the number of solar panels used. Contact Monoflo Inc., Dept. FIN, 16503 Park Row, Houston, TX 77084, 281/599-4700, visit www.monoflo.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 211.
Telescoping fence
The Hold 'em corral and gate with telescoping panels transport easily and set up quickly when a small corral is needed. The panels are 5 ft. 4 in. long when fully retracted and expand to 10 ft. long. They are 4 ft. 9 in. tall and weigh 50 lbs. each. Each panel retails for $75.
Contact Hold 'Em Corral & Gate, Dept. FIN, Box 1188, Gadsden, AL 35902, 800/538-1780, visit www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 212.
Install a cab
Fully enclosed cabs designed for compact John Deere tractors in a new OEM styling are now available from Sims Cab Depot. The cabs feature front curved windshields, front and rear hinged windows for ventilation, glass side windows, and high-impact ABS roofs. The cabs are not rollover protective structures (ROPS).
Suggested retail prices range from $3,595 to $3,795, depending on the model. Sims makes a wide variety of cabs that fit on most models of tractors. Contact Sims Cab Depot, Dept. FIN, 200 Moulinette Rd., Long Sault, Ontario K0C 1P0, Canada, 800/225-7290, visit www.cabdepot.com or www.freeproductinfo.net/fin, or circle 213.


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15 OF THE WORLD'S MOST SPECTACULAR BAR WITH ORIGINAL FURNISHINGSOctober 31, 2016
Choosing a unique décor is certainly one of the strengths of a bar, the aim is to arouse the curiosity of potential customers by offering something unique and making sure that they feel perfectly at ease. If you are wondering how it is possible to achieve these objectives we will respond by offering you the photos of 15 of the most spectacular bar in the world characterized by outstanding design.
Sites in many different places, from China to Switzerland, passing through Iceland and Thailand, these bars from the original furnishings are the result of precise design choices that, combined with an equally sophisticated architecture, are even creating artificial forms of reality in which multiple languages are encountered leaving space to human interaction.
Those presented by 15 of the world's most spectacular bar are pictures that, as well as presenting furniture unique to say the least, are in some cases further enhanced by the particular suggestions of breathtaking landscapes, just think of the time created by the aurora borealis in Iceland or the effect from the ocean crashing on the rocks.
Inspired by a variety of subjects, ranging from literary to marino, and shaping up between rocky conformations within huge trees or atop skyscrapers, these bars will leave you really dumbfounded by mixing charm, humor and perfect relaxation.
If you are planning a trip to one of the locations that are listed to follow for sure you will not miss to visit these unique structures and really wanted to drink a cocktail and entertaining friends and spend unforgettable evenings.


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Hello there and welcome from your local husband and wife Cleaning
Team of Craig and Beate Crisp serving the Riverland for over 22 years now.
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We love working together and even though we have our disagreements we will get the job done .
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We provide a Riverland Professional Window Cleaning Service .
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Landscape Solutions
Three-Level Backyard
Four-Section Backyard
For a bare and bland backyard, landscape designer Matt Olson created a contemporary design plan that divides the yard into four separate rooms.
Outdoor Barbecue
One side of this backyard patio was flanked by a tall, imposing wall. Landscape designer Kimo Rusing ripped out the wall and installed a beautiful barbecue with a water feature on each side.
A Backyard for Entertaining
A Relaxing Patio
The addition of a new garage left the homeowner's backyard in a muddy mess. Landscape designer Mark Foreman created a patio and meditation garden, divided by a beautiful new lawn.


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We make house calls!
We can bring this course to you and run it for a fixed all-inclusive fee. All you have to do is provide the delegates and the meeting room.
Overview: How to design and implement web surveys
Many surveys on the web are very poorly designed: they often ask too many questions, or irrelevant questions, or biased questions. These problems make the resulting data impossible to analyse. This course will help you avoid the potential traps in survey and questionnaire design and teach you how to write valid and reliable survey questions.
"With its good balance of theory and practice, this course has given me the confidence to build a survey from scratch."
Arnaud Pellé, Emerald Publishing Group.
Printable pdf course description for this seminar
Suggested business case to convince your boss (MS Word format).
About your trainer
David Travis
This seminar is led by Dr. David Travis, the author of Think Like a UX Researcher. David has more than 20 years experience in the field of user centred design and has delivered over 100 seminars in user experience for a range of private and public sector organisations.
This seminar is led by Dr. David Travis (@userfocus), the author of Think Like a UX Researcher. David has delivered over 100 seminars in user experience for a range of private and public sector organisations.
This seminar is aimed at
This workshop is for you if you are involved in developing web surveys to collect data from customers. This is a hands-on seminar for survey practitioners who want to understand the details in designing and implementing web surveys.
You will learn how to
- Decide on the research objective and the research questions you want to answer with a survey.
- Control the four kinds of bias that affect all web surveys.
- Decide on the best format for your question (such as essay, rating scale, multiple choice and ranking questions).
- Write questions and design rating scales that give valid answers.
- Use cognitive interviewing to find and fix problems with survey questions.
- Implement a web survey on a site like SurveyMonkey or Google Forms.
- Use descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations to help you take action on the results of your survey.
Seminar content
Why carry out a survey?
- The landscape of user research methods
- Advantages and disadvantages of web-based surveys
- The 6 key steps in survey design
Formulate your research question
- 5 questions to help you formulate your research objective
Identify your population and sample
- Sampling error, instrument error, nonresponse error and measurement error.
Design the questionnaire
- The structure of a web survey
- Using transitions
- Sources of error in survey questions
- Quick activity: Fix these questions
The different types of survey question
- Open-ended questions: textual and numerical
- Agree/disagree scale
- Rating scale
- Categorical
- Multiple choice
- Ranking
- Presentation formats: Matrix questions
- Logical formats: Skip logic
Pilot test the questionnaire
- The purpose of pilot testing
- Introduction to cognitive interviewing
- The four layers of a survey question
- Quick activity: Pilot test these questions
Collect the data
- Implementing a web survey
- Encouraging people to take part
- What people want to know about your survey
- Getting people to open your survey invitation: 'Dos and Don'ts'
- How to improve your response rate
- Survey invitations: Quick activity
Analyse the data
- Descriptive and inferential statistics
- Finding patterns in your data with cross-tabulations
- Quick activity: Analyse data from an actual study
Summary and Wrap-Up
- Brief review of the key topics.
- Final opportunity for questions.
What delegates say about this seminar
- "I now plan to spend more time analysing whether a survey is relevant and working out how to formulate the right questions."
- "The approach to pilot testing a survey with an audience was a real eye-opener! Previously I've only shared it with like-minded colleagues so we perhaps didn't get the best response."
- "I now know how to review my survey before sending it out, to check the right questions are being asked."
- "There were useful tips about analysis (especially the cross-tabulations) and creating good email invitations."
- "I was on the course for a very specific reason: to create the staff perception survey. I now have the confidence to go ahead and do it."
What do I get when I book this course?
- 1 day training course with a usability expert.
- Practical checklists, worksheets and extensive notes to take home.
- A proper, air-conditioned learning environment.
- Lunch and refreshments throughout the day.
This course lasts one day.
How do I book?
We schedule this course based on demand. If you want to attend a public course, click on the button below. Once we get 8 like-minded individuals we'll schedule a course and let you know.


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I NEVER felt like one of the cool kids growing up.
I remember 5th grade like it was yesterday: frizzy hair, bad skin and cliques! I felt awkward, ugly and shy. I tried to "fit in" but just didn't. I was uncomfortable in my own skin. But, according to a new study you can read here, that might be a good thing!
Despite the fact that puberty was NOT kind to my hair and skin, I started to develop much better friendships in high school and eventually college. In fact, I'm still very close with many of them. For me, being cool was more about how I felt on the inside. In fact, people who only know "adult me" would never believe I was the awkward, shy kid growing up since I am an extroverted, talkative, confident adult. However, am I saying I'm one of the "cool kids" now? Maybe I just don't care as much!


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Setting Concrete Cover According to EN 1992-1-1
Tips & Tricks
RF‑/FOUNDATION Pro now allows you to consider the concrete cover for the foundation according to EN 1992‑1‑1.
To do this, select the 'Minimum cover acc. to Standard' check box in Window 1.3 Materials. In the 'Concrete Cover Acc. to Standard EN 1992‑1‑1' dialog box, you can now specify all settings relevant for the minimum concrete cover (exposure classes etc.). Depending on the selected settings, the minimum concrete cover of the reinforcement changes. You can see the value at the end of the dialog box.
The settings in the 'Cbottom' tab must always be specified. In the tabs 'Ctop' and 'Cside/Cbucket', the specifications can be imported from another tab or specifically adjusted. The parameters available in this dialog box for the determination of the concrete cover depend on the National Annex selected in Window 1.1 General Data. Thus, if you choose DIN EN 1992‑1‑1, for example the parameter 'Design Working Life acc. to 188.8.131.52(5) Table 4.3N' is not shown.
The concrete cover shown in Window 1.3 Materials window can also be adjusted subsequently. However, if the minimum concrete cover is activated, you can increase the concrete cover only manually.
Contact us
Do you have any questions or need advice?
Contact us or find various suggested solutions and useful tips on our FAQ page.
Associated Products
Add-on Module
Design of single, bucket and block foundations


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Recover lost Game Serials with Game Key Revealer
Game Key Revealer is a small utility that will scan your computer for serial keys of games installed on your computer and will display them. It is particularly useful when you have lost a serial key of a game that you have installed.
It has support for more than 500 games from publishers such as EA, Crytek, THQ. Games such as Crysis, Battlefield 2142, FarCry etc are supported. These games will have to be installed on your system if you need to find the serial key. It will scan your system and display the keys of all the games that are supported. You can then either the save the keys or print them.


text: Thought I'd share my good AppleCare story. Sunday night I was working on my PB 17' 1.33 with it plugged in - the battery drained. Odd I thought because it was plugged in - put in the back-up battery and it darined. Monday 1 pm I took the PB into the local Apple Store and sure enough they just called at 1:30 today (Wednesday) to tell me they replaced the motherboard and have it ready for me. This is the 3rd great AppleCare service I have experienced - the other 2 times were SuperDrive related and I had the same 2 day turnaround. Sure, Applecare doesn't cover accidents but it sure is nice knowing they can turn around the service so quickly. Please no flaming here - I know plenty of people have had bad experiences with AppleCare - I just wanted to share a good one.


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Home » Senior Year » Getting Revenge After Being Stood Up at the Prom
Getting Revenge After Being Stood Up at the Prom
By The SVB • 1:13:00 PM • Cock Blocking Prom Senior Year • Comments : 0
As some of you may know, I am a fan and defender of the little guy. The minority. The nerd. The challenged. The defenseless. The weak. I don't know what it is, or how I became this way, but my Mom has always tried to convince me to be a bipartisan, neutral, bystanding doctor/engineer. Sorry, Mom, I failed you on all accounts. While growing up, she would constantly preach to me, "heroes die first," which did little to sway me from standing up for what I believe in. Like, am I really that afraid of death that I'd live my life as a coward?
I've frantically tried to bang down the door of a house when I saw smoke billowing out from one of its windows - only to find out it was the heat from a clothes dryer against my very first Idaho winter. I've, on more than one occasion, failed to mind my own business and came armed upon hearing a woman screaming. In college, I went out of my way to hate every girl who wouldn't go out with my dorky computer-nerd roommate. In work, I've stood up to a boss whom I felt unfairly discriminated against me and my coworkers. I'm not telling you all this to receive some kind of commendation or acceptance - it's just what I feel is right. I can look at myself in the mirror and that's enough for me. My deepest regrets have been the times I didn't stand up for myself or didn't say what was on my mind.
Recently, a new friend of mine (nicest guy ever) told me a story that gave me an immense sense of fulfillment and joy. He told me about how he asked a girl to prom his Senior year and she said, 'yes'. On the day of the prom, he went to go pick her up and no one answered her door. He found out through others in his class that she ended up going with someone else. Distraught and embarrassed, he did what any sensible person would do. He got drunk. And then he went to his prom, knowing that EVERY single person in that room knew that he had been stood up. And she was there with her new date. I'm not a big advocate of curse words, except when playing basketball and in the heat of the moment during sexual intercourse, but if anyone deserves to be called the "C" word, this would be it.
A few years later, my friend came into his own. He filled out and went from decent-looking to a stud. (Unlike myself, who peaked in 8th grade - going from stud to has-been to barely hanging on a few short years later...) He ended up running into the girl at the mall and she could see the transition to stud-hood, and said they should hang out some time. They did. And he did. He f*cked her. I don't normally use that kind of language - even though it's semi-bleeped out - as I think it's crude, but for a "C" word, "f*cked" is the best she deserves. Afterwards, he asked her to go with him to a concert for which he had front-row tickets. On the day of the concert, he never showed to pick her up. And didn't talk to her again.
How awesome is that story!??! It sure does beat my worst cock-blocking story ever, to which I got no redemption. A story of a one-time little guy getting his own come-uppance. It makes you want to shout out, "Team America, F*CK YEAH!" So, next time you feel like not saying something, or letting something go, f*ck that. Revenge is a dish best served hot and/or cold. Preferably both.
Sometimes, the way the world balances itself out is pure beauty.
Kevin L.
The SVB
About Author
Just a conflicted entrepreneurial dreamer living the promise of Silicon Valley -- in search of love and unique experiences.
You can email me at email@example.com.
You can email me at email@example.com.
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The Art of Idealization in Finite Element Analysis
There's an incorrect tendency to think of a highly detailed CAD model meshed with a large number of elements as the "real" structure. It is important to remember that every FEA is an idealization of the real world.
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|Figure 1: Top and bottom fiber stresses under bending.
Idealization in finite element analysis (FEA) is the art of taking a real structure and reducing it down to an assembly of finite elements. At its simplest level, the operation would consist of a single geometric model produced from CAD and fully meshed in one operation. This gives us a consistent mesh throughout the structure that we hope will adequately represent the response of the real structure.
The FEA method relies on a set of discrete finite elements to represent the structure. Each element has its own basic "understanding" of what constitutes a structural response. This may be a very primitive representation, such as a 1D rod with a constant axial force, or a sophisticated 3D element. The discrete representation suffers from two fundamental weaknesses: By definition, it can't be a continuous representation, and it is also reliant on the accuracy of the element. Most elements are now mature, stable entities—but their performance and limitations should still be understood.
Why not just use 10 million elements?
If we have elements that are sufficiently accurate and we can put sufficient numbers in, is there any need to idealize?
Well, there are quite a few reasons why we may want to consider idealization in favor of just pouring elements into CAD geometry. The first question to ask: Is the CAD geometry an adequate representation of the structure?
By many definitions, the CAD geometry is the structure, so it may seem a surprising question. However, what we are really asking is: How does the structure respond, and will the geometry be able to support elements that best simulate that response? Solid elements may not be adequate unless we use unfeasibly large numbers.
In a static analysis, the structure has applied external loading and develops internal load paths to carry this to an adjacent structure or to ground. Understanding of the load path can be quite tricky.
The definition of the load application and grounding regions are also an idealization judgment. The internal load path will be affected by our choice of element type and numbers. If we make poor choices, we may find that the FE model doesn't behave in the same way that the actual structure will.
2D Shell Elements
A classic example is a structure that is relatively thin and is designed to transmit bending loads. Water tanks, building floors and walls, ship hulls, aircraft wings and fuselages are common examples. A stress gradient exists through the thickness of the shell or plate. If we use Engineers Theory of Bending and Shear through a plate or beam, we can visualize what this stress distribution looks like. There are a class of elements that are designed specifically to handle this type of structural configuration and its structural response. These are the 2D plate elements that are found in most FE solvers.
So we have a structural configuration, a structural response and an ideal element to handle it. The difficulty arises in that the element is a purely 2D entity. It means we have to think about idealizing from 3D geometry to 2D layout.
Figure 2: Single-depth Tet10 mesh under same loading, axial stresses.
If the structure comprises all thin shell or plate, then there are relatively straightforward procedures to shell mesh. This may involve using mid-surfaces, inner mold lines or outer mold lines as the datum plane on which to put the shell mesh.
If the geometry is straightforward and the component count is low, this can be done fairly quickly. However, many structures are a complex intersection of components, such as pressure walls, internal ribbing, supporting structure, etc. It can become rapidly more labor-intensive to mesh such a structure.
Fig. 1 shows a simple plate structure, cantilevered from one edge with a pressure distribution. A shell mesh gives a peak bending stress and tip deflection very close to theory.
Fig. 2 shows a Tet10 mesh that gives good deflection values, but poor stress values. The mesh is only one element deep. To get accurate stress values, the element mesh needs to be about three deep. To avoid high aspect ratios, this drives the element count up toward 1 million, vs. 400 for the shell mesh.
If the structure has regions that are "thick"—where solid elements are ideal—and some that are relatively "thin," where shell mesh is preferred, we have to now mix the meshing types. Many engineers don't like to do this, because of the difficulty of dealing with the mismatched elements.
Special precautions are needed when putting solid elements adjacent to shell elements. Shell elements have six degrees of freedom (DOF) at each node, and the solid elements have three DOF at each node. For common nodes connecting the element types, this means that we have a piano hinge created. The connecting solid cannot transmit bending or torsion.
There are ways around this issue, such as overlapping shells onto solids, special connector elements allowing transmission of the moments, and linear glued contact regions to bond an overlapped dissimilar mesh. However, they require additional effort to plan and set up.
1D Beam Elements
Sometimes the structure is predominantly a flexural or torsional member—in other words, a beam type of structure. Examples include drive shafts, bridge girders, stiffeners and frames. In these cases we again have a class of elements ideally suited to this type of structural response and load path—beam type elements. They are 1D in nature, and we are using them to idealize a 3D real structure.
If, for example, we are looking for an overall assessment of strength and stiffness in a fabricated truss roof, it would be difficult to justify going to 3D solid elements. The geometry may well be a 3D CAD model, but if we were to mesh with 3D elements, the element count could rapidly become excessive.
Techniques for modeling such a structure with 1D beam elements are well established. We would typically take the centroid of each component cross-section and use that as the datum for our 1D element. Fig. 3 shows a simple beam structure modeled in 1D, with its base connected to a shell region via a spider element.
For a general structure, we may have a mix of beam-like, shell-like and solid regions. Fig. 3 shows a mix of 1D and 2D. This is often where a beam representation is avoided in favor of a full solid mesh.
For example, I have seen the rudder and rudder shaft of a ship fully modeled with solid. This gave nearly 2 million DOF in total, with half going to the rudder shaft and half to the fabricated rudder.
Figure 3: A 1D beam element.
Figure 4: 1D/2D idealization of a bolted joint in a plate.
The shaft is an inappropriate use of solid elements. The shaft is fundamentally responding in bending and torsion. What do we want from the structural analysis of the shaft? A shear force bending moment and torque diagram. This tells an engineer everything he or she needs to know about the response of the shaft. Having a solid component of 1 million DOF really doesn't help us.
We can look for hotspot stresses and hopefully these will be meaningful, but if we have many load cases and want to justify why and where these hotspots are occurring, then we are in for a lot of work. We essentially have to backtrack to the shear force, bending moment and torque diagram in each case to demonstrate how the stresses occur and confirm their values. We have made a very straightforward task complex.
Connection Elements
Another common problem with a predominantly thin shell structure is how to represent the joints or connections. The CAD model will probably not attempt to represent welds as continuous geometry. It is quite adequate to define the connecting plates and to indicate the weld symbolically.
We don't need to have a 3D geometric CAD representation of, say, a partial penetration fillet weld. However, when we want to create an FE model, we have to put in a structural idealization of the load transfer path through the weld. It may be that the best way to calculate stresses locally in the weld is to do this outside of the FEA, using local stresses or forces in an external program.
Similarly, we don't want to model all of the bolts, rivets, etc., as solid elements. Fast and efficient ways of idealizing bolt stiffness and strength are available using beam elements and the very versatile "spider" connection and load distribution elements. Fig. 4 shows a spider element and beam elements being used to transmit load through a bolt.
Spider elements are useful in many scenarios, such as representing a stiff part of a structure with a rigid spider, or representing a load transfer path with a flexible spider. A future article will look in more detail at this type of element, as its uses are widespread and the terminology varies greatly.
Facing a Complex Future
I personally believe that if we're not careful, the future direction of FE modeling will bring huge models of the order of 1E9 to 1E12 DOF, where all structure is modeled with solid elements from CAD. We will have to sift through the post-processed data and try and find local stress hotspots. Once we've found the local hotspot stresses, our next job as engineers is to explain why and how the stresses get there—and then advise how to improve the design. That is going to be the challenge. A good idealization can help us picture why and how these load paths exist. DE
Tony Abbey is a consultant analyst with his own company, FETraining. He also works as training manager for NAFEMS, responsible for developing and implementing training classes, including a wide range of e-learning classes. Send e-mail about this article to [email protected].
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Tony Abbey is a consultant analyst with his own company, FETraining. He also works as training manager for NAFEMS, responsible for developing and implementing training classes, including e-learning classes. Send e-mail about this article to [email protected].Follow DE


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One Heart Mandala (OHM) Fund
A mandala is an environment of wisdom and compassion that supports people in understanding and working with their mind. In Nalandabodhi, this environment is created by: teachers and practice instructors; the paths of study, meditation, and mindful activity; our centers, study groups, member services, and scholarships.
When you give to this fund, you are making an offering towards:
- Food and basic household expenses for teachers' residence, lamas and acharyas
- Health care for DPR and attendant, lamas, acharyas resident in Seattle
- Basic support for teaching activities of the Mitra Council and development of Nalandabodhi Three Paths course materials
- Maintenance and mortgage for our sangha home, Nalanda West
Note: Since its founding, Nalandabodhi has operated as a volunteer-driven community. For this reason, our administrative costs are relatively low for a community of this size.
Without your generosity, Nalandabodhi could not play its unique role in fostering the emergence of a genuine 21st century Buddhism. When you support this operating fund, you are nourishing a vibrant contemporary environment of Buddhist study, meditation, and mindful activity.


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MBG Auditorium, PPPL (284 cap.)
COLLOQUIUM: What is the Fusion Nuclear Science Facility, What Does it Do, Why do We Need It...the Critical First Step Toward Power Plants
For fusion research to take the step beyond ITER it will have to embrace the fusion nuclear science along with fusion plasma science. The hardware that surrounds and supports the plasma will become part of the challenge for research and development since fusion power plants will rely on these structures to recover the power emitted, breed the tritium fuel, provide neutron and gamma shielding, and provide the magnetic fields and the vacuum environment the plasma requires. The Fusion Nuclear Science Facility (FNSF) is a fusion nuclear device that is considered as the first step in a two-step pathway from ITER to commercial power plants in the U.S. The project reported here is exploring a conventional aspect ratio facility to better understand its characteristics and how it moves the demonstration of sustained fusion energy production toward our present vision of power plants. In order to address this facility several technical strategies and choices had to be established, including the need for a fusion break-in step, the importance of power plant relevance, the practicality of a single primary blanket approach, the need for a fusion core component qualifications, the need for a plasma strategy, and a series of technical decisions that stem from these. A series of missions that must be accomplished to reach an electricity producing power plant are described, and several metrics are proposed for measuring their progress. A program is postulated for the FNSF to expose the steps required to advance these missions, and force the consideration of allocating time to plasma operations, inspections, and maintenance. The operating point (its geometry) is used in detailed analysis of the plasma and engineering systems to establish the credibility of such a facility at its smaller size, identify the benefits/penalties of specific technical decisions, uncover vulnerabilities and approaches to provide margin, and help in establishing targeted R&D for the FNSF.
The Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory 2017-2018 Colloquium Committee is comprised of the following people. Please feel free to contact them by e-mail regarding any possible speakers or topics for future colloquia.
Carol Ann Austin, email@example.com
Nathaniel Ferraro, firstname.lastname@example.com
Charles A Gentile, firstname.lastname@example.com
Masayuki Ono, firstname.lastname@example.com
Tori Sikkema, email@example.com
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Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory is a U.S. Department of Energy national laboratory managed by Princeton University.
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