text:
1. This memorandum is submitted by the Home Office
in response to the letter from the Chair to the Joint Committee
on Human Rights to the Secretary of State for the Home Department
dated 29th April 2002, requesting answers to a number
of questions in relation to the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum
Bill. The questions are replicated below along with the Department's
The committee asked whether depriving a person
of citizenship would make them more liable to suffer detriment
in circumstances which would put at risk their right to be free
of degrading treatment (ECHR Article 3), their right to liberty
(ECHR Article 5), their right to respect for family life (ECHR
Article 8), their right not to be subjected to the death penalty
(ECHR Protocol No. 6), and the rights of their children under
the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC); and, if so, what
steps will be taken to ensure that these matters are taken into
account when considering whether or not to deprive a person of
2. The Department believes that there is a distinction
to be drawn between the removal of a person's citizenship and
their removal from the UK. In some cases the deprivation of British
nationality will result in the loss of a previously acquired right
of abode in the UK. The effect will be to make the individual
subject, once again, to United Kingdom immigration control, and
raises the possibility that he or she might be deported or removed
from the United Kingdom. Deportation or removal following deprivation
of nationality is a separate issue giving rise to a separate
right of appeal. Human rights considerations, including allegations
that removal would breach Article 3 or 8 of the ECHR would, of
course, inform any decision on deportation or removal, and the
affected individual would have the opportunity to raise these
matters on appeal (see clause 68 of the Bill).
3. The power to deprive a person of their citizenship
status contained in new section 40(2) of the British Nationality
Act 1981 (as inserted by clause 4) is subject to section 40(4)
which states that an order may not be made under section 40(2)
if the Secretary of State thinks that the person would become
stateless. Therefore, persons who are deprived under these provisions
will be dual nationals, able to call on the protection of another
State. The Department accordingly does not believe that deprivation
per se would make them more liable to suffer detriment in circumstances
which would put at risk their right to be free from degrading
treatment (Art. 3 of the ECHR) their right to liberty ( Art.5
of the ECHR) or their right not to be subjected to the death penalty
( ECHR Protocol No.6).
4. The Department does not believe that deprivation
of a person's citizenship would put at risk their right to respect
for family life under Article 8 of the ECHR. Common citizenship
is not a necessary component of family life (see Regina ( Montana)
v Secretary of State for the Home Department (2001) 1 WLR
552 CA at 559E).
5. The deprivation of a person's citizenship status
under new section 40 does not affect the citizenship status of
the individual's existing children. The relevant provision in
the Convention on the Rights of the Child in respect of children
not yet born is Article 7. The provisions contained in Schedule
2 of the British Nationality Act 1981 enable a child born in the
UK or in a dependent territory to acquire citizenship if they
would otherwise be stateless and have a sufficient period of residence.
In other respects the right to acquire a nationality set out in
Article 7 is not specific either as to the circumstances in which
the right will exist or as to the State which should bear responsibility
for ensuring that the right is respected. Because of this uncertainty
the United Kingdom continues to maintain a reservation on the
extent to which it agrees to be bound by that Convention in matters
relating to the acquisition and possession of citizenship.
Why do you consider it appropriate that a person
could be deprived of citizenship on the subjective view of the
Secretary of State, without requiring there to be objectively
reasonable grounds for the Secretary of State's view?
6. The idea that it is appropriate for deprivation
of nationality to be based on the view of the Secretary of State
has a long history. The wording of the current provisions in the
British Nationality Act 1981 refer to the Secretary of State being
"satisfied" of certain matters before a deprivation
order will be made. This follows on from similar provisions in
the both the British Nationality Act 1948 and the British Nationality
and Status of Aliens Act 1914.
7. The Department believes that it is entirely appropriate,
in this context, that the Secretary of State should be able to
act on his own view of whether a person has done anything seriously
prejudicial to the vital interests of the UK or a British overseas
territory. In matters relating to national security the Court
of Appeal (endorsed by the House of Lords )have stated that the
Secretary of State is undoubtedly in the best position to judge
what national security requires. (Secretary of State for the
Home Department v Shafiq Ur Rehman (2001) Imm AR 30).
8. The fact that the Bill would facilitate deprivation
of nationality on the subjective view of the Secretary of State
does not mean that the power would be exercised arbitrarily. The
Secretary of State is compelled by new section 40(5)(b) to give
written reasons for the intended deprivation order. A person against
whom it was proposed to make a deprivation order would be free,
on appeal, to raise any issue bearing on either the legality or
the merits of the decision. He or she could, in particular, invoke
common law 'Wednesbury' principles, requiring an analysis of the
reasonableness of the Secretary of State's decision. The Secretary
of State would be prevented from making a deprivation order until
such time as the appeal had been finally determined or, if there
was no appeal, until such time as the deadline for bringing an
appeal had passed. The Department believes that this, coupled
with the requirement in proposed section 40(5)(b) that reasons
must be given with the notice of decision, provides adequate safeguards
against arbitrary deprivation.
Is it thought to be appropriate, and if so why,
to allow the Secretary of State to deprive a person of a right
of appeal in circumstances where the person's human rights may
be affected; and if the decision or the certificate were to be
challenged in judicial review or similar proceedings, would the
Government, as a matter of course, give an undertaking to a court
that no steps would be taken which might put the person at risk
of an infringement of his or her human rights until such time
as the proceedings had been finally determined?
9. The Committee observes that a certificate under
proposed section 40A(2) of the 1981 Act would exclude any right
of appeal against deprivation. The Department disagrees with this
analysis. The effect of a certificate would not be to exclude
a right to appeal. Rather, in such a case, an appeal to the Special
Immigration Appeals Commission is provided for by clause 4(2)
of the Bill. Clause 4(2) inserts a new section (2A) into the Special
Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997. The provision is similar
to that contained in paragraph 2 of Schedule 6 of the Bill referred
to by the Committee. The Bill proposes no restriction on the issues
which might be raised in such an appeal. Proposed new section
40A(6) of the British Nationality Act 1981, as amended in committee,
would prevent the making of a deprivation order until such time
as an appeal under the 1997 Act had been concluded or the time
for making such an appeal had expired.
What are the reasons for excluding independent,
accessible, high quality, free or affordable legal advice from
the list of services which could be provided under clause 25,
and what other sources of such advice could be made available
to residents in accommodation centres?
10. Clause 25 (now clause 26) does not contain an
express power for the Secretary of State to provide legal advice
to a resident of an accommodation centre. The Department is committed
to providing access to free, independent, quality legal advice
to residents of accommodation centres. It is intended that that
advice will be provided and funded by the Legal Services Commission
by virtue of the Lord Chancellor's existing statutory powers.
There is therefore no need for an express power to provide legal
advice to residents of accommodation centres in what is now clause
26 of the Bill.
11. Legal advice and assistance may be provided to
accommodation centre residents through on site provision, local
supply or a combination of both and will depend on the location
of each accommodation centre. Facilities will be provided within
Accommodation Centres for use by solicitors and advice agencies.
12. In addition, the Department grant funds to the
Refugee Legal Centre, the Immigration Advisory Service and the
Northern Ireland Law Centre to enable them to provide advice to
immigration and asylum appellants. This is currently provided
under section 81 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999. Clause
93 of the Bill provides an equivalent power for those with a right
of appeal under Part 5 of the Bill (Immigration and Asylum Appeals).
Subject to geographical constraints, it would be open to accommodation
centre residents who are also appellants to access this advice,
although we expect that most will take advantage of the local
or on-site services provided by the Legal Services Commission.
Does the Government consider that, but for the
reservation to the CRC, the provisions of Part 2 of the Bill (
accommodation centres ) would be likely to violate the rights
arising under the CRC? Does the Government intend to maintain,
and is it satisfied of the legality of, the reservation under
the CRC?
13. The Government intends to maintain the United
Kingdom's reservation and is satisfied of its legality. It is
necessary to maintain the reservation because it preserves the
integrity of our immigration laws. It is needed to make it clear
that nothing in the CRC is to be interpreted as creating further
legal obligations in respect of those subject to immigration control
or to allow entry to be gained to the United Kingdom simply in
order to make use of the rights under the CRC.
14. In general, the Department thinks that Part 2
of the Bill should not have an adverse affect on the rights of
the child and would note that in any event nothing in the United
Kingdom's reservation under the CRC would prevent the Department
from having regard to the rights set out in the CRC even where
the circumstances were within the terms of the reservation. The
Government does consider that its reservation applies to children
in the United Kingdom in accommodation centres. There is a need
to ensure greater contact between the Home Office and asylum seekers
and their dependants and one of the purposes of accommodation
centres is to speed up the time taken in making decisions on claims
for asylum to facilitate the swift integration of those permitted
to remain, and to facilitate the removal of those who do not establish
a right to remain.
15. The Committee drew attention in paragraph 4 of
their letter to Article 3 (1) of the CRC which requires that the
best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration in
all actions concerning children. The Government will take the
best interests of the child into account in relation to accommodation
centres. Children will be able to participate in the activities
provided within the centre, including sports facilities, arrangements
for religious observance, and education.
16. The Committee also drew attention to Article
9 (1) which requires that children should not be separated from
their parents except where that would be in the best interests
of the child. Children will not normally be separated from their
parents in an accommodation centre. Although there is ongoing
consideration into precisely how "child" will be defined,
a dependant child of an asylum seeker will be a class of dependants
to be prescribed in Regulations to be made under clause 18 of
the Bill. If it were in the best interests of the child not be
accommodated with their parents, for example for child protection
reasons, the child would be cared for by the local authority and
would not be placed with their parents in an accommodation centre.
Child protection issues will be fully addressed through liaison
with the relevant agencies. Further, unaccompanied asylum seeking
children will not be placed in accommodation centres.
17. The Committee further drew attention to Article
10 (1) (family reunification). Part 2 of the Bill should not affect
questions relating to family reunification. Part 2 provides for
a system of support for asylum seekers and their dependants. Part
2 of the Bill does not affect the rights under Article 10 (2),
which require the State to respect the right of the child and
his or her parents to enter their own country.
How would the following matters be taken into
account in decision making?
18. The Committee noted that it was concerned that
allowing children to be accommodated in accommodation centres
might risk violating a number of human rights unless account was
taken of those rights in decisions about residence requirements
and allocation to particular centres, but accepted that much would
depend on the regime and facilities in each accommodation centre.
19. The Department can assure the Committee that
families will be accommodated at accommodation centres which have
facilities suitable for families and in deciding whether a child
should be placed in an accommodation centre the Department will
assess whether the centre has the necessary facilities to cater
for the child's needs. Further, as with all other persons in the
United Kingdom, the rights of asylum seekers and their children
guaranteed by the Human Rights Act 1998 will be fully respected.
20. Specifically, the Committee asked for clarification
as to what steps would be taken to safeguard children's rights
in the following respects.
a) The requirement that the best interests
of the children should be a primary consideration (CRC Article
21. The Department will certainly take into account
the best interests of a child in relation to accommodation centres.
Children will be accommodated with their families (unless it was
in their best interests not to do so) and would only be accommodated
in accommodation centres which had facilities suitable to their
needs. Through regular discussions with bodies such as the Refugee
Council the Department considers that it will be able to address
issues of relevance to children which have emerged through the
particular channels available to such groups.
b) Threats from the very nature of communal
life to the right to respect for private and family life (ECHR
Article 8) and the right to privacy and family life (CRC Articles
16 and 18)
22. The Department does not anticipate communal life
having a significant impact upon private and family life. Residential
facilities on site will include accommodation for families separate
from that provided for single adults.
23. To the extent there is any impact upon private
and family life, the Department would expect this to be minimal,
and justifiable under Article 8 (2) ECHR as being in accordance
with the law and necessary in the interests of the economic well
being of the United Kingdom in the sense that accommodation centres
are hoped to play a key part in maintaining an effective system
of immigration control.
24. As regards Articles 16 and 18 of the CRC, a child
in an accommodation centre would not be subjected to arbitrary
or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home
or correspondence. In so far as is relevant, Article 18 obliges
States to use their best efforts to ensure recognition of the
principle that both parents have common responsibilities for the
upbringing and development of the child; and that the best interests
of the child will be their basic concern. Further, States are
required, for the purpose of guaranteeing and promoting the rights
in the CRC, to render appropriate assistance to parents and legal
guardians in their child raising responsibilities and shall ensure
the development of institutions, facilities and services for the
care of children. By accommodating the child with their parents
in an accommodation centre with facilities suitable for families
and their wellbeing and support, it is considered that the rights
in Article 18 would be respected.
c) The right to participate in social, leisure,
recreational and cultural activities available to other children
(CRC Article 31)
25. We intend to ensure that facilities in the accommodation
centre are adequate for the needs of children accommodated there.
There will be facilities for recreation, including sports facilities,
education will be provided, and there will be arrangements for
religious observance.
d) The right to make cultural links and participate
in normal community life, especially if accommodation centres
were in isolated areas
26. The Department intends the accommodation centres
to develop links with local communities in order to further an
understanding of the centres. The Department also wants viable
communities to develop within the centres themselves and is intending
to administer the centres in such a way that there is a limited
number of languages spoken in each centre. Reference has been
made above to the sorts of facilities which will be available
to children in accommodation centres.
e) The right of children to express their
views in all matters affecting them, and the steps that would
be taken to ensure that their views would be given due weight
in accordance with their age and maturity
27. The Department would certainly have regard to
any views a child may express and is considering how best the
views of residents of accommodation centres, including children,
can be made available to the manager of each centre and to the
Secretary of State. At the time of the application for support
the application is likely to be completed by the child's parent
or guardian. However, as with the present form for applying for
support under Part VI of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999,
there will continue to be space for the person applying for support
to include any other information which might be relevant which
could of course include relevant information about their children.
f) Generally, the right of children to benefit
from appropriate protection for their rights under the CRC and
other human rights instruments, as required by CRC Article 22
28. Although the United Kingdom's reservation from
the CRC will be maintained in order to preserve the integrity
of our immigration laws, nothing in the reservation prevents the
Department from giving effect to the rights set out in the CRC.
The rights guaranteed by the Human Rights Act 1998 certainly apply
to children of asylum seekers in the United Kingdom and will be
Can you confirm that the Government would exercise
the powers set out in clause 25 of the Bill so as to meet the
United Kingdom's obligations under the CRC Articles 2 and 28 and
the ECHR Articles 14 and 2 of Protocol No.1, and in particular
so as to ensure that adequate and effective educational provision
would be made in every accommodation centre in which any child
of school age was to reside for more than a very few days, and
that the quality of the educational provision and facilities would
be equivalent to those available in maintained schools, despite
the fact that centres would not be treated as schools for the
purposes of the Education Act 1996
What differences do you expect there to be between
the quality of educational provision made for children in accommodation
centres, children of asylum seekers in community and other children
respectively; and if there are such differences, what is the justification
for differentiating between educational provision for children
in accommodation centres, children of asylum seekers in the community
and other children?
29. The Department together with the Department for
Education and Skills will ensure that education will be provided
to children in accommodation centres without discrimination in
accordance with Article 14 of, and Article 2 of Protocol No 1
to, the ECHR. The education provided in accommodation centres
will be of an equivalent quality and will mirror the scope of
that provided in schools.
30. Adequate and effective education, equivalent
to that in maintained schools, will be provided in each accommodation
centre where a child of school age is to reside. The Department
will ensure that the National Curriculum (or equivalent in Scotland
and Wales) is provided, tailored where necessary to meet the particular
needs of residents. For example, rather than teach the National
Curriculum in 2 or 3 year stages, it might be more appropriate
to teach it as a series of projects around a theme, which can
create a more coherent body of work over the short period that
children are expected to remain in the accommodation centre. It
is also expected that more time will be allowed to be spent on
teaching English and less on a modern foreign language in respect
of those children for whom English is not their language. Citizenship
lessons could be tailored to make a link between a child's indigenous
culture and the range of British cultures the child will encounter.
Also, practical things such as learning about the currency and
British institutions could be incorporated.
31. Children in maintained schools, whether they
are asylum seekers or not, are entitled to the same education.
The education provided to children in accommodation centres will
meet the needs of the children and the Department's need to operate
a fast and efficient asylum system. The education provided in
accommodation centres is intended to make the integration into
the school system easier and will certainly not place the child
at a disadvantage in relation to "catching up" should
they be permitted to remain in the United Kingdom and enter the
mainstream school system.
32. The Department considers that a transient population
of children within the accommodation centre, who might only remain
for a few months before moving on, would be highly disruptive
to local schools and disadvantage their regular pupils. There
may well be difficulties with local schools being oversubscribed,
and difficulties in transporting children from an accommodation
centre to a school and back each day. The education in the accommodation
centre is intended to be provided in a way which is supportive
to the needs of the children, for example there will be interpreters
available and other care for the children provided on site. There
are also issues relating to the asylum process and support, particularly
the need to manage contact with asylum seekers and importantly
the effect which removing families with no basis of stay, but
whose children have already integrated into the community, has
on children who are removed from the United Kingdom.
33. The Department wishes to stress that there will
be no relaxation in the quality of the education provided. Ofsted
currently inspect schools in England where asylum seekers are
being educated and they will inspect the education provision in
accommodation centres to the same standard. They will also have
the same powers if the education provision in the centres falls
below an acceptable standard. If accommodation centres are sited
in Wales or Scotland, similar arrangements will be made with Estyn
in respect of Wales and equivalent arrangements will be made in
34. Whilst the Department is confident that the policy
of educating children of asylum seekers required to reside in
an accommodation centre within the centre will prove to be a success,
this will be one of the criteria used to evaluate the initial
trial of accommodation centres. Should, however, accommodation
centres be unable to meet the specific learning needs of a child
in the short term, there is provision in the Bill for the education
to be provided elsewhere.
What are the reasons for allowing the Secretary
of State to provide facilities for a child with a statement of
special educational needs under clause 25 (1) (g) (medical facilities)
rather than clause 25 (1) (f) (education and training).
35. The reference to clause 25 (1) (g) in clause
30 (6) was an error on Introduction which arose from late changes
made to clause 25 (now clause 26). A government amendment was
tabled to reflect this, and the Committee will see that in the
current print of the Bill as amended in Standing Committee, clause
31 (7) refers to clause 26 (1) (f).
Would you normally regard it as appropriate to
exercise your discretion in favour of providing assistance with
housing to a destitute asylum seeker and his or her dependants
where there would otherwise be a risk of violation of rights under
either or both of Article 3 ECHR or ICESC Article 11 (1), together
with the anti-discrimination provisions of ICESE Article 2 (2)
and ECHR Article 14?
36. As is the case under section 95 (1) and (2) of
the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999, the Secretary of State may
provide accommodation and other support to asylum seekers or dependants
of asylum seekers who appear to him to be destitute or likely
to become destitute within a prescribed period (the period currently
prescribed is 14 days). If an asylum seeker requests support and
is eligible for support, the National Asylum Support Service (a
part of the Home Office Immigration and Nationality Directorate)
will offer support. Subject to the comments below about clause
23 of the Bill, the same would be true of a first application
for support made under Part 2 of the Bill.
37. Clause 27 of the Bill provides that support in
an accommodation centre may be made subject to conditions of residence,
and that a person may be required to leave the accommodation centre
if a condition of residence is breached. However, the person concerned
is not prevented from reapplying for support, and the Secretary
of State would have a discretion to reinstate support if appropriate,
although clause 27 (8) allows the Secretary of State to have regard
to previous breaches of condition when considering such a subsequent
application for support.
38. The Department considers that it is reasonable
to impose reasonable conditions subject to which support may be
provided. In appropriate cases, if those conditions are breached,
the Department would want the ability to withdraw support. The
Department does not consider that Article 3 ECHR would be breached
simply by withdrawal of support resulting in the asylum seeker
becoming destitute. However, it is accepted that in some circumstances
Article 3 might be engaged by the withdrawal of support. Careful
consideration will be paid to the circumstances of any particular
case when deciding whether or not to withdraw support.
39. Subject to the obligations imposed by Article
3 ECHR, the Department considers it reasonable that if an asylum
seeker from whom support had been withdrawn for breaching a condition
of residence, for example failure to reside at the accommodation
centre without a good reason, the Secretary of State should be
able to take this into account when deciding whether or not to
re-offer support should the asylum seeker re-apply for support.
The Secretary of State retains a discretion to provide or reinstate
support even if he had previously withdrawn it. This discretion
will allow support to be reinstated if appropriate on the facts
of each particular case if not to do so would involve a breach
of Article 3.
Would an individual's responsibility (or lack
of responsibility) for the behaviour of another be taken into
account when deciding (i) whether to require them to leave an
accommodation centre, and (ii) whether to assist either or both
of them in obtaining alternative accommodation, and if so, how
would it be taken into account.
40. An individual's responsibility for the behaviour
of another would be taken into account when deciding whether to
require them to leave the accommodation centre and whether to
offer an alternative form of support. And if it was decided appropriate
to require the asylum seeker and their dependants to leave the
accommodation centre, an individual's responsibility for the behaviour
of another would be taken into account when deciding whether to
re-offer support should that individual apply for support again.
41. If a person is required to leave an accommodation
centre otherwise than on the grounds that they are no longer an
asylum seeker or dependant of an asylum seeker or that support
is to be provided under a different provision, or if a person
is refused support because the Secretary of State decides that
they do not qualify for support it is important to bear in mind
that there will be a right of appeal to an Asylum Support Adjudicator
(see clause 45 of the Bill inserting a new section 103, 103A and
103B into the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999).
42. In circumstances where there was no breach of
Article 3 of the ECHR, the Department does not consider that Article
11 ICESC would be breached. Further, as regards Article 14 ECHR
and Article 2.2 of the ICESC, the Department are not aware that
any of the grounds set out in those articles would apply. Even
if asylum-seekers fall under the head of "other status"
(which the Department does not consider to be the case) there
will be no discrimination between asylum seekers or between asylum
seekers and other categories with objective and reasonable justification.
Does the Government intend to clarify the correct
approach to these matters in the form of written guidance and,
is so, can a copy of the guidance be provided to the Committee?
43. The Department will issue guidance to case-workers
in due course which will be available publicly.
Non-accommodation support for asylum-seekers and
breach of conditions
How would any order made under clause 34 safeguard
the rights referred to above?
Would you be prepared to send any such order to
the Committee in draft to enable it to consider the provisions
before they come into force, bearing in mind that the order would
be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment, rather than
requiring approval before taking effect (clause 34(4))?
44. Clause 34 (now clause 37) is an enabling power
that would allow the ending of the subsistence only support option
either completely or in specified circumstances. In considering
when and how to exercise the power, Ministers will take account
of the need to comply with the provisions of the ECHR specified
by the Committee. It does not therefore appear necessary for the
Committee to see a draft of any order before it takes effect.
How would any order made under clause 35(7) safeguard
the right not to be subject to degrading treatment under ECHR
Article 3?
Would you be prepared to send any such regulations
to the Committee in draft to enable it to consider them before
they come into force?
45. We assume the Committee is referring to clause
35 (5) (now clause 38 (6)) which substitutes provisions for the
existing section 95 (3) to (8) of the 1999 Act. The new subsection
(7) of section 95 will replace what is currently section 95 (8).
A provision specifying what are not to be regarded as essential
living needs is already contained in Regulation 9(4) of the Asylum
Support Regulations 2000. No regulations have been made specifying
what are to be regarded as essential living needs. In considering
what use to make of the provision referred to by the Committee
Ministers would take account of obligations under the ECHR and
it does not therefore appear necessary to consult the Committee
on the any draft before the regulations come into force.
Can you confirm that support would be reinstated
if refusing to reinstate it would put the applicant at risk of
undergoing suffering of a kind and degree which could amount to
degrading treatment contrary to ECHR Article 3?
46. Where support has been ended it remains open
to an asylum seeker to apply for it to be reinstated. In considering
whether or not to reinstate support, consideration would be given
to any representations that failure to provide support would constitute
treatment contrary to Article 3 of the ECHR.
The Committee understands that the Government
would intend the maximum level of support to be set at 70 per
cent of income support. How could this provision be implemented
in a way that would avoid discriminating between classes of asylum-seekers,
and between asylum-seekers and other immigrants, in relation to
their standard of living, in breach of the requirements of Article
2(2) and Article 11(1) of the ICESC?
47. The cash support for adult asylum seekers supported
by the National Asylum Support Service is currently set at 70
per cent of income support. However where a supported person is
also receiving accommodation that person also has all utilities
bills met and has fully furnished accommodation including such
items as bed linen, kitchen utensils etc. We do not believe that
setting the maximum level of cash support for asylum seekers will
be discriminatory. We are not aware that any of the grounds set
out in article 2 (2) would apply. Even if asylum-seekers fall
under the head "other status" (which we do not think
is the case) there will be no discrimination between asylum seekers
or between asylum seekers and other categories without objective
and reasonable justification. In addition, the support to which
asylum seekers are entitled meets the threshold required by article
Is it intended that the power given by clause
45 (8) would be exercisable only in the circumstances set out
in clause 45 (8)? Why does clause 45 not expressly require reasonable
grounds in all cases? In your view, are the powers also subject
to other restrictions, such as limitations on time for which a
person may be detained, and, of so, why they are not expressly
stated on the face of the Bill.
48. The provision in clause 45 (8) (now clause 49(7))
applies only to a decision to detain made under clause 49. For
example, if the Secretary of State decides to detain under clause
49 (2) (c) pending a decision by the Secretary of State to set
removal directions, clause 49 (8) provides that the power to detain
is exercisable where the Secretary of State has reasonable grounds
to suspect that he may set removal directions.
49. This does no more than preserve the current position
in respect of the powers of an immigration officer. The Immigration
and Asylum Act 1999 amended paragraph 16(2) of Schedule 2 to the
1971 Act to allow detention where there were reasonable grounds
for suspecting that someone was a person in respect of whom removal
directions could be set. Before that amendment, the power to detain
was dependant on the person actually being liable to removal under
those paragraphs.
50. However, if there are no reasonable grounds for
suspecting that the person comes within one of the categories
of person liable to be detained under clause 49 of the Bill, the
detention would not be lawful.
51. The Department accepts that the power to detain
in clause 49, as is the case with paragraph 16 of Schedule 2 to
the Immigration Act 1971 and paragraph of Schedule 3 to that Act,
is subject to the implied limitations made clear by the case of
R. v. Governor of Durham Prison, ex parte Singh [1984]
1 All ER, 983 (and confirmed in Tan Te Lam and others v Superintendent
of Tai A Chau Detention Centre and another [1996] 4 All ER,
256) and limitations flowing from Article 5 ECHR. These require
that the detention be for the purpose of power, that the Department
be acting with reasonable expedition, and that detention does
not go on for an unreasonable time in all the circumstances with
regard to the purpose of detention. These are well established
limitations on the power to detain. They are referred to in Departmental
guidance, and the Department, in keeping with the position in
relation to the current powers to detain in the 1971 Act, sees
no reason for setting them out on the face of the Bill. In any
event, the same limitations are clear from the caselaw in relation
to Article 5 ECHR (for example, Chahal), and the Human
Rights Act 1998 would require the Secretary of State not to act
incompatibly with Article 5 ECHR when deciding whether to exercise,
or continue to exercise, the power to detain in clause 49.
52. Placing a fixed time limit on the duration of
detention would require an arbitrary period to be identified which
would have no regard to individual circumstances and which might
encourage certain detained persons to frustrate and prolong immigration
and asylum processes simply in order to reach a point where their
detention would have to come to an end. The Department believes
that the safeguards referred to above are sufficient without an
arbitrary time limit being expressed on the face of the Bill.
Is it intended to take account of the rights of
the children under Article 37 CRC when making decisions about
the detention of children under powers to be conferred by clause
45 of the Bill, and if so, how?
53. All decisions to detain are taken on the basis
of the circumstances of the individual concerned. Such decisions
are not arbitrary. Detention is used sparingly and lasts for the
minimum period necessary for the purposes for which it was authorised.
It must be stressed that unaccompanied minors are detained only
in the most exceptional circumstances and then normally only overnight
whilst alternative arrangements are made for their care and safety.
Where children are detained as members of a family whose detention
is considered necessary, this is regrettable but is far better
than the alternative of separating the family. Nevertheless, the
detention of a family with children is a very serious step and
is not one which is taken lightly. The interests of the child
concerned would naturally be an important factor in deciding whether
or not detention should be authorised.
What steps would be taken to ensure that appropriate
legal advice and assistance is provided to detainees in order
to allow them to take proceedings to test the legality of their
54. Although detainees are free to select their own
legal representatives, they are advised at the time of their detention
and during its course that they may contact the Immigration Advisory
Service and the Refugee Legal Centre for independent, free advice
and representation.
Would the Government automatically give an undertaking
to the court to suspend action to remove a person from the United
Kingdom pending the final determination of any such application
which was alleged to engage a Convention right, including applications
for judicial review of certificates made by the Secretary of State
under clauses 72(2), 74 and 76?
55. Clause 77 of the Bill sets out those decisions
which attract an appeal from within the United Kingdom to the
Immigration Appellate Authorities. It includes reference to decisions
that the applicant's removal from the United Kingdom would be
in breach of the applicant's Convention rights.
56. If an applicant's statutory appeal rights have
been exhausted (and this will be included in the new statutory
review to the Administrative Court against decisions by the Tribunal
to refuse leave to appeal), we would expect that the applicant
would have had the opportunity to put forward all relevant grounds
including Convention ones. If an application for judicial review
is lodged with the Administrative Court immediately after that
time or by a person who had chosen not to go through the appeals
process, we would not necessarily suspend removal action if the
application was alleged to engage Convention rights but would
consider each case on its merits.
Penalties under 'authority to carry' schemes
What are the kinds of penalties which might be
imposed, and what steps, if any, would be taken to ensure that
they would meet the requirements of Article 6 of the ECHR in the
light of the decision in International Transport Roth GmbH
and others v. Secretary of State for the Home Department[152]
that administrative powers to forfeit vehicles, etc., in which
illegal immigrants had entered the country were disproportionate
to any legitimate purpose the powers could serve, and violated
the right to a fair hearing (ECHR Article 6(1))?
57. No firm decisions have been taken on the nature
of the penalties that would be imposed on carriers who bring to
the UK individuals who are subject to an authority to carry (ATC)
scheme, when such authority had not been sought or been refused.
However, clause 101 enables any regulations to make provision
similar to those that apply in the case of regulations relating
to charges for passengers without documentation. It is possible,
therefore, that any penalty would be fixed in line with that applied
to carriers who bring undocumented passengers to the UK.
58. Any penalties would attract the same safeguards
as are to be applied, following Roth, to charges for passengers
without documentation.
As this amendment will be intended to remove an
incompatibility with a Convention right, declared by the court
in Roth, by primary legislation, can you give
an undertaking to ensure that this Committee receives a copy of
the proposed amendment to allow it to consider the human rights
implications in good time and to report to each House before the
amendment is considered in Committee?
Can you provide copies of drafts of the Codes
of Practice to us at the earliest opportunity, so that the Committee
may consider their contribution to safeguarding human rights?
59. The amendments to implement Roth will not be
tabled until Report. Unfortunately, there is likely to be little
time to distribute the amendments before they are tabled and at
the time of writing the amendments are still very much work in
progress. They have proved more complex than we originally thought.
The Code of Practice with which drivers must comply in order to
avoid liability to a penalty will remain the same. In order to
determine the level of penalty to be given to a responsible person,
the Secretary of State will take account of factors which will
be set out in a separate code of practice. This code will be placed
in the House libraries when the clauses are tabled and we will
send you a copy simultaneously.
Why would proposed new section 25(2) include a
law affecting entitlement to travel within the State in the definition
of 'immigration law' for the purpose of the offence under section
25(1), and in your view, would imposing criminal liability on
someone who knowingly and for gain facilitates movements of asylum-seekers
in the United Kingdom contrary to proposed new section 25(1) amount
to a restriction on the movements of refugees going beyond those
which are necessary, violating Article 31(2) of the Convention
relating to the Status of Refugees?
60. The reference to the entitlement to a non-national
to "travel within" a Member State in the definition
of "immigration law" in section 25(2) was intended to
capture those Member States who have special provision in their
immigration laws relating to transit passengers. The Department
accepts that the reference to "travelling within" a
Member State has given rise to some confusion and intends to amend
this reference to refer in terms to "transit".
61. There is no offence of facilitating the movement
of asylum-seekers wholly within the UK so the question of a possible
violation of Article 31(2) does not arise.
62. The Home Office considers that this Memorandum
answers the points raised in the Chair to the Committee's letter
and will inform the committee of any representations we have received
relating to human rights implications of the Bill. If the Committee
requires anything further, please let the Department know.


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In less than a month BMX athletes from around the world will step onto the world's largest stage in RioRead the Full Bio
In less than a month BMX athletes from around the world will step onto the world's largest stage in Rio and leave it all on the line in the hopes of securing the title of Olympic Champion. You have seen many of them on the track and have looked up to them on the podium. But have you ever wondered what happens off the track to prepare them for those 40 seconds of all out exertion? What does it take to compete at the highest level against the most formidable opponents the world has to offer? We asked some of the top Olympic contenders to pull back the curtain and show the blood, sweat and determination that goes into earning the right to stand on the top step and be declared a Champion.
Caroline Buchanan has spent the last 8 years training for this upcoming Rio games. After coming up short in London, she went on worldwide tour of Championships and wins. Now she's back stronger than ever to claim what was hers 4 years ago.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Office Furniture Installation NM :: How To Corp Office
Welcome to the How To Corp Office Furniture Installation category featuring businesses and organizations in New Mexico that offer office printers, modular office furniture & furniture assembly along with other Office related products and services.
Please choose a city from the list below.
Often called office furniture solutions or furniture assembly, New Mexico based Office Furniture Installation provide Office related products and services that are likely to include assembled furniture, copier service, office printers & office workstations.
Office Furniture Installation in New Mexico are listed on How To Corp by the location they are based in. Please choose a city to find local listings throughout New Mexico, use the search box for more refined results or click here to find Office Furniture Installation in other states.


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Certified copies of a birth, marriage or death that took place in Old Tappan may be obtained from the Registrar's office.
Please contact the Registrar for further information.
Registrar: Lori Langone
Telephone: (201) 664-1849, Ext. 221
E-mail: click here
Hours: Monday - Friday 8:30 am to 3:30 pm
Marriage licenses are obtained through the Registrar's office in the Borough of Old Tappan.
Registrar: Lori Langone, CMR
Telephone: (201) 664-1849 ext. 10
E-mail: click here
Hours: Monday - Friday 9 am to 2 pm
Fee: $28.00 (exact Change cash only)
The Office of Vital Statistics recommends that any couple contemplating marriage should contact the Registrar's office at (201) 664-1849 at least 2 weeks prior for further information and an appointment.
Where to Apply for a Marriage License:
- Marriage licenses are only valid in the State of New Jersey
- If the either applicant lives in Old Tappan and is being married in New Jersey, the couple can apply in Old Tappan
- If both, the bride and groom, live outside of New Jersey but the marriage is taking place in Old Tappan, they would apply in Old Tappan.
Building Permit
Zoning Permit
Soil Disturbance Permit
Street Excavation Permit
Dog and Cat Licenses
Marriage Licenses
Birth and Death Certificates
Business License
Raffles License
Liquor Licenses
Animal License
Towing License
Pet Licenses expire on January 31 of each year for all dogs and cats. License applications, available on the Forms page and at Borough Hall, should be submitted with a copy of their current rabies certificate and a check made payable to the Borough of Old Tappan, by February 28 of each year.
In compliance with State Law, proof of rabies vaccination must be furnished with the application. The vaccination must be valid through January of the year that the pet is being licensed. If it is not, you will need to have your pet vaccinated before a license can be issued.
If you have any questions, please contact Lori at the Borough Hall at 201-664-1849, ext. 10.Owners who do not obtain the yearly license by February 28 must pay a late fee. The late fee is $5.00 for the first month that the license application is late and $2.00 for each additional month that the license application is late.
Building permits provide the means for Code Officials to protect the residents' health, safety, and welfare by reducing the potential hazards of unsafe construction.
The building permit process helps to explain the requirements needed to fulfill Old Tappan's local laws and ordinances. An application for a permit must be made before any construction or remodeling work begins. Building permits provide the Code Officials with the means to review the construction documents to ensure that minimum standards are met and appropriate materials are used.
The following work requires a Permit Application:
- New building/additions/renovations Demolitions
- Electrical and plumbing work
- Boiler and furnace replacements
- Window replacement when changing size or type
- Oil tank removal
- Fences
- Sheds
- Sewer connections
- Signs
- Miscellaneous residential construction such as:
- Siding, pools, decks, elevated patios, driveways, etc.
The following work does not need a Permit:
- laying floor (not wall) tiles
- painting
- Re-Roofing
- Siding
- replacing same size windows and doors
- repaving driveway with the same material and same size, etc.
When in doubt, please call the Building Department.
Permits must be obtained before the start of work.
For the Building Department's applications, Click here.
To see the Department of Energy's official Building Energy Codes, click here.
Exceptions include emergency replacement of furnaces, boilers and water heaters. However, the Building Department must be notified of the emergency replacement at the time of installation. Permits must be obtained within five days from the date of the installation.


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Appalachian Trail - Saddleback Mountain
View Connector Trails
ME Route 4 crosses the Appalachian Trail in Sandy River Plantation, 30 miles north of Farmington or 9 miles south of Rangeley. Park in the lot situated west of the highway. Carefully cross ME Route 4 to head northbound on the A.T.
After crossing ME Route 4, head northbound on the Appalachian Trail. It is a steady climb to Piazza Rock Lean-to, 1.8 miles away (see Piazza Rock Hike for more details). From the lean-to, the trail continues to Ethel Pond, a small pond located in a bowl surrounded by ridges. The trail passes along the pond's west shore, on your right and then continues northbound, through a small bog passing by the east shore of Eddy Pond on your left. Then the "real" work begins with a steep hike up to the "treeline". Use caution for the next mile during inclement weather as the Trail traverses glacially smoothed bedrock. Pay close attention to the rock "cairns" and take great care to protect the fragile alpine environment by not wandering off of the Trail. Upon reaching the summit of Saddleback Mountain, elevation, 4,120', excellent views north to Katahdin and south to Mount Washington present themselves.
Other Information
Do not underestimate the difficulty of hiking the mountains of Western Maine. Be sure to carry equipment and supplies necessary for this undertaking. If you do not have the information or skills, be sure to research and educate yourself in order to have an enjoyable and safe hike. Be very aware of past, present, and predicted weather. Though the preserve is managed only for summer-time uses, winter uses like cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, and winter camping are allowed and popular.
Fires are only allowed in the provided fireplace ring at the Piazza Rock Lean-to. In the state of Maine, it is illegal to build a fire anywhere except within a certified fire ring. Camp stoves are permitted. Camping is not allowed above the tree line (a very delicate and vulnerable area to hike in), please stay on the trail.
The Maine Appalachian Trail Club (MATC) is an all volunteer organization that exists to maintain and protect the 267-mile section of the Appalachian Trail in Maine extending between Katahdin in Baxter State Park and Grafton Notch at ME Route 26. In addition, MATC maintains over 60 miles of side trails as well as a system of regularly spaced shelters and campsites in order that wild, backcountry hiking remains accessible in Maine. MATC publishes The Official Appalachian Trail Guide to Maine, which includes seven maps, please visit the website for information on how to purchase the guide or to learn more about becoming a member of MATC.
Trail Manager
Please contact the Bigelow District Overseer by email (firstname.lastname@example.com) to report any trail or shelter conditions that may require maintenance or special attention.
Visit Maine Appalachian Trail Club online for more information or contact:
Maine Appalachian Trail Club (MATC)
PO Box 283
Augusta, ME 04332-0283
oldgoat September 07, 2016, 1:43 pm EDT
had planned to hike from rt 4 to the Horn, but broke a toe the day before. so I started at the base lodge instead.made it to the Horn and back in 4 hrs at a slower than usual pace. about 20 degree difference from the base to the peak
fshrchik October 07, 2015, 7:48 pm EDT
My husband and I and our dog did this hike just to Saddleback summit. It was a gorgeous day and the views all around were stunning. My boot blew out or we might have tried for the Horn - next time! Much of this hike is pretty mellow, but there are some steep parts on bare rocks that can get at the knees (or dog pads) a bit. It was a long hike, but it is an easier hike than Old Speck.
miss mildred June 08, 2015, 8:32 am EDT
Lovely hike of Saddleback and the Horn on 6/7/2015. A little wet from recent rains but overall a wonderful hike with the pup.
Nearby Geocaches
Check for nearby geocaches to Appalachian Trail - Saddleback Mountain.
Leave No Trace Principle
Dispose of Waste Properly
Keep Maine green and clean! Pick up trash, even if it's not yours. Leave soon-to-be trash like excess packaging, stickers, and twist ties at home.


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Next up is About a Boy, our June 1st challenge is : Favorite summer or holiday activity. For this challenge I scrapped a photo of my great nephew at his church dedication. He was only a few months old at the time so he has not favorite activity yet lol but I need to finish his book so I had to work with what I had.
About a Boy has a "sister" blog called............you got it About a Girl. Our June 1st challenge there is dollies. I know some people dont like working with them but I love them! For this layout I scrapped a photo of my niece Deja. I was working on book for her graduation this week so this is one of the pages in the book. She needs to be a model, she is so photogenic!
And last but not least is my Saturday DT reveal over at Frosted Designs where our theme is punches. For this layout I used a photo of my oldest granddaughter Amiyah and some very old Echo Park papers. I just wanted to get them out of my stash to make room for more! LOL


text:
Sheila Murphy
Sheila Murphy's most recent book publications include Quaternity (with Scott Glassman, Otoliths Press, 2009), How to spell the sound of everything (with mIEKAL aND, Xerox Sutra Educations, 2009), Permutoria: Visio-Textual Art (with K.S. Ernst, Luna Bisonte Press, 2008), and Collected Chapbooks (Blue Lion Books, 2008). Her home is in
. Phoenix, Arizona
RECONFIGURATIONS: A Journal for Poetics & Poetry / Literature & Culture, http://reconfigurations.blogspot.com/, ISSN: 1938-3592, Volume 4 (2010): Emergence


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Windburn (Nightwing #2)
Author: Juliette Cross
Release Date: 3 February 2015
Publisher: Lyrical Press
No man can win her heart—until now…
In the Gladium Province, the boundaries between humans and Morgons, the dragon-hybrid race, continue to blur as a new generation surrenders to long-forbidden temptation…
Sorcha Linden does whatever she wants whenever she wants, and no one can stop her. Least of all a man. After all, they're good for only one thing—warming her bed. But then she meets Lorian Nightwing, brother of Lucius. Seductive and iron-willed, he is determined to melt her emotional defenses—and warm her rebellious heart.
The beast within Lorian longs to cage Sorcha and mark her as his own. Forever. Yet the man within also longs to protect her. When a stalker starts leaving Sorcha suggestive gifts with cryptic messages bearing an ancient blood cult symbol, Lorian's dragon side takes over. With her life at stake, Sorcha can no longer deny the love they share. But when evil tracks her into the night, will she be too late to claim it?
Buy Links:
Amazon US | Amazon UK | B&N | Kobo | Kensington
Hi Juliette, I'm thrilled to have you here at Rookie Romance. I've been loving the Nightwing series so far!
Thank you so much! I'm so pleased you're enjoying it.
Could you share 4 fun facts about yourself?
1) I have a collection of literary action figures, including Shakespeare, Poe and his raven, and Jane Austen. (No, I don't play with them. They sit on a shelf for other dorks like me to admire.)
2) I love raw oysters with cold beer. (I'm a south Louisiana girl.)
3) I've read Harry Potter: Half Blood Prince four times. Snape. *heart breaks*
4) I have seriously eclectic taste in music—from Mozart to Metallica. My playlist listening depends on my mood.
What inspired you to create the Morgon race as dragon hybrids- rather than say jaguar hybrids? (I couldn't think of another type of hybrid lol)
Hahaha! Jaguar hybrids? That's an interesting thought. The claws might be particularly dangerous during intimate scenes.
But about the Morgon race. Honestly? It all started with a painting and a sliver of an idea. I'd just finished book one in my demon hunter series, The Vessel Trilogy, and I wanted to tackle something closer to the high fantasy genre, set in a world all my own, but still have that dark, urban fantasy edge. And I've always had a fascination for dragons. So I Googled dragon art, of course. (I'm often inspired by art and photography for my writing.) I stumbled across this painting with a beautiful black-haired woman with sharp-edged wings like a dragon. I stared at the picture a few minutes, and it hit me. What if there was a race of half-dragons living alongside the human race? What kinds of conflict could that cause? In a real-world where racism is still prevalent, the sub-plot came alive at once. While I enjoy the magical elements of fantasy, I like to write stories that are relevant to real life as well.
If Windburn was made into a movie, who would you cast as Sorcha and Lorian?
Ooooo. This is a fun question. I think Johnathan Rhys Meyers would play a great Lorian. He isn't exactly the same as the one in my head, but he's got the intensity and the brooding nature. They'd have to add black wings to him somehow, of course. Lol.
Sorcha would be tough to cast. I think Emma Stone has the beauty and the confidence to play her well.
What is it that makes Sorcha and Lorian so right for each other?
You would think that their strong wills would make them too combative, like polar opposites. But in this case, Sorcha needs a man with an iron will to match or surpass her own to show her what she's missing in the realm of love. Also, Lorian needs a woman who can withstand his dominant nature. Since his dragon lurks so close to the surface, a timid woman would be scared to death and shrink from him. Lorian wants an equal; Sorcha wants a man who's loyal. This makes them the perfect match. ;)
Can you share a little bit about what you're working on at the moment?
I'm currently finishing up BOUND IN BLACK, book three in The Vessel Trilogy. Book one came out a few days ago. Yay! I have bittersweet feelings about letting go of these characters I've spent so many hours with. When I finish BiB, I'll began work on book two in the Vale of Stars series, HUNTING THE WITCH. It's been whispering to me for a while now.
Thanks for visiting!
Thank you so much! It was my pleasure, and I'd love to come back sometime.
About the Author
Juliette calls lush, moss-laden Louisiana home where the landscape curls into her imagination, creating mystical settings for her stories. She has a B.A. in creative writing from Louisiana State University, a M.Ed. in gifted education, and was privileged to study under the award-winning author Ernest J. Gaines in grad school. Her love of mythology, legends, and art serve as constant inspiration for her works. From the moment she read JANE EYRE as a teenager, she fell in love with the Gothic romance--brooding characters, mysterious settings, persevering heroines, and dark, sexy heroes. Even then, she not only longed to read more novels set in Gothic worlds, she wanted to create her own.
Author Links: Website | Facebook | Twitter | Goodreads | Pinterest | Amazon Author Page | Newsletter
There are 3 e-book copies of Windburn to be won to celebrate its release. Enter in the giveaway below- good luck!
a Rafflecopter giveaway


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With hundreds of places to eat, Cardiff has something for everyone's tastes. However, if our students are missing food from home they do not have to look far. There is a range of international food stores around the city selling everything from kimchi to kebabs!
International Food
Wally's Delicatessen
Website: wallysdeli.co.uk
Type of food: International food (Italian, French, Spanish, German, Polish, Oriental, American...)
Address: 38 - 46 Royal Arcade, Cardiff, CF10 1AE
Area: City Centre
Open: Monday - Saturday from 08:00 to 17:30 and Sunday from 11:00 to 16:00
The Wally's Shopping Cart enables you to purchase all your favourite foods from around the world, from the comfort of your home or office. In all, there are 49 different food departments in the Wally's Online Delicatessen, and a total of almost 1,700 products for you to choose from!
ZemZem Continental Market
Type of food: Large shop which stocks Arabic, Asian, African & Mediterranean Foods
Address: 12 - 14 Wyeverne Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4BH
Area: Cathays
Open: Every day from 10:00 to 20:00
Pick up all of your halal groceries in an ideal location close to mosques and student residences.
Middle Eastern
Continental Deli
Type of food: Stocks halal meat and chicken, Middle Eastern, Turkish & Iranian products, including Turkish sweets and spices.
Address: 160 City Road, Cardiff, CF24 3JE
Area: Roath
Open: Monday-Sunday from 09:00 to 17:00
Masala Bazaar
Website: masalabazaar.co.uk
Type of food: Indian, Chinese, Thai
Address: 195-197 Richmond Road, Cardiff, CF24 3BT
Area: Roath
Open: Monday-Saturday from 10:00 to 20:00 and Sunday from 10:00 to 19:00
Masala Bazaar is a highly regarded, growing chain of UK retail and wholesale outlets, specialising in offering Asian and European food products to members of the public, providing food service to restaurants, and a cash and carry facility for wholesalers. If you are looking for authentic ingredients, then look no further. Their fresh and frozen produce is sourced from both their own farms and approved, highly regarded suppliers from around the world.
Chinese, Korean and Japanese Supermarkets
7 Days Supermarket
Address: 23 Park Street - Treforest
Eastern Chinese Supermarket
Address: 26 Tudor Street – Riverside
China Supermarket
Address: 32-34 Tudor Street – Riverside
Man Fung
Address: 46 Tudor Street – Riverside
Clare Food Stores
Address: 45 - 47 Clare Road – Grangetown
Cardiff Korean & Japanese Foods:
Address: 116 Woodville Road - Cathay
Western European
Madame Fromage (France)
Website: madamefromage.co.uk
Type of food: A specialist delicatessen and cheese shop providing preserved produce which has been imported directly from France.
Address: 21-25 Castle Arcade, Cardiff , CF10 1BU
Area: City Centre
Open: Monday to Friday from 10:00 to 17:30, Saturday from 09:30 to 17:30 and Sunday from 12:00 to 17:00.
A daily portfolio of over 150 different cheese varieties sourced from artisan and award-winning seasonal farmhouse producers and a comprehensive delicatessen and patisserie range, has resulted in a winning combination to make Madame Fromage into one of the best specialist cheese shops in the country.
Benedito's of Cardiff (Portugal)
Website: beneditos.co.uk
Type of food: Suppliers of gourmet food and fine wines from all over Portugal
Address: 15 Splott Rd, Cardiff, South Glamorgan CF24 2BU
Area: Splott
Open: Monday to Saturday (Tuesday closed) from 10:00 to 21:00 and Sunday from 11:00 to 18:00.
They are suppliers of gourmet food and fine wines and beers from around the world, with Portuguese produce being their speciality.
Inmas Continental Stores (Spain)
Type of food: Family run delicatessen specialising in Spanish food such as paella, Spanish omelettes and fabada (stew from Northern Spain).
Address: 152 Penarth Rd, Cardiff, South Glamorgan CF11 6NJ
Area: Grangetown
Eastern and Central European
Polish and Eastern European food
Stockists of a good selection of Polish and Eastern European foods and other products.
MIS PolskiSklep
Address: 158, Penarth Road – Grangetown
Open: Monday from 09:00 to 21:00, Tuesday-Friday from 08:00 to 21:00, Saturday from 09:00 to 20:00 and Sunday from 09:00 to 18:00.
Kaczuszka Cardiff Roath
Address: 8 Mackintosh Place – Roath
Kaczuszka Cardiff Canton
Address: 220 Cowbridge Road East
Chain of polish shops in U.K.
Address: 46, Clifton Street – Adamsdown
Open: Monday to Saturday from 09:00 to 21:00 and Sunday from 09:00 to 18:00
Address: 87 City Road – Roath
Open: Monday to Friday from 09.00 to 21.00, Saturday from 09:00 to 20:00 and Sunday from 09:30 to 18:00.
Ozzy Food and Wine
Address: 147 Clifton Street – Adamsdown
Hungarian Market
Address: 16 Clifton Street – Adamsdown
African Markets
Afro-Ethnic Continental Ltd
Adress: 209, City Road – Roath
Lambe Stores Ltd:
Adress: 98 - 100 City Road - Roath


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Seasoning Blends & Meat Formulations
There are many reasons to consider pre-blended seasoning and
binder units, including easing HACCP concerns, the uniformity provided
by pre-blended units, optimizing consistency and flavour balance, and
guaranteed confidentiality.
Our product development team at Malabar have created hundreds
of ready-to-use premium seasoning blends for meat and poultry
processors, culinary professionals and food service companies.
We can also duplicate your formulas or create custom blends to
meet your unique flavour branding or functional product needs.
Your valued recipe is fully protected in a confidentiality agreement
from disclosure to others.
Curry Powder is not a single spice, but
rather a skillfully blended mixture of
9 to 25 herbs and spices, which will
vary according to the manufacturer,
and region where it is developed.
Typically, Indian Curry Powder is mild
and Madras Curry Powder is hot.
Some of the spices may include
coriander, turmeric, fenugreek, cinnamon,
cumin, cardamom, ginger, and
black pepper.
Questions? Contact our technical specialists
@ 1-888-456-6252, or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
We're here to help!
"Malabar helps me personally every
time I have a special request or a question,
and yet is big enough to provide me
with anything I want, often on short
notice. Aside from day-to-day supplies, Malabar's blend department has
been invaluable in providing Rowe
Farms with nutritional labels, blend
matching services and in unitizing our
own in-house recipes."
Trevor Ernst
Rowe Farms, Guelph, ON


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While a growing number of companies are embracing the need to transform their HR functions, a troubling number remain stalled.
While a growing number of companies are embracing the need to transform their HR functions to adapt in a disruptive business environment, a troubling percentage of organizations remain stalled, with more than half (59 percent) saying they do not even have a basic business case in place for HR initiatives. This is just one of the findings from the 2017 KPMG HR Transformation Survey of nearly 900 executives from 48 countries.
"These findings reveal a clear distinction between the organizations that `get it' and those that don't," says Robert Bolton, Partner, Global People and Change Center of Excellence, KPMG in the UK. "While the leading organizations are proactively driving HR transformation to redefine their workforces in the digital age, far too many HR leadership teams are sitting on the sidelines, seemingly uncertain as to the strategic value that the HR function should be bringing, given the uncertainty associated with planning the workforce of the future for the digital age. To us, the message is clear: implement a holistic change of HR to enable the organization to shape the workforce of the future or risk obsolescence."
While a quarter of respondents (27 percent) say they view HR as a key business asset that can add strategic value to their organizations, many say they are experiencing significant challenges when it comes to delivering that value. Forty-three percent cited shortcomings in supporting HR technologies as being a key roadblock, while 36 percent cited inadequate change management capabilities.
And while more organizations have bought into the need to gather vast amounts of data, many say they are experiencing challenges making that data actionable. The survey reveals that data acumen is a key shortcoming for many organizations.
"For an organization to successfully operate in the digital age, they must be able to harvest, interpret and act on the insights data can deliver - this is the goal of digital transformation," says Michael DiClaudio, Principal, Advisory, KPMG in the US.
When it comes to areas of investment, the leading organizations say their top areas of focus for 2017 are talent management and HR data and analytics capabilities. The survey results also show that more than a third of (38 percent) responding organizations expect to increase their HR technology spending in 2017.
These findings come on the heels of the KPMG 2017 Global CEO Outlook Survey, which shows that CEOs are actively pursuing and implementing disruptive technology to unleash new competitive advantages. With continued pressure to deliver, these CEOs are focused on managing their core business strengths while transforming how they create and maximize value. Sixty-five percent of CEOs say they view disruption as an opportunity rather than a threat. At the same time, about half of CEOs said they're anticipating a major disruption in their sector in the next three years.
Download the executive summary of the 2017 KPMG HR Transformation Survey. For more information, go to KPMG Anticipate. You can also follow the conversation @KPMG on Twitter using the hashtag #HRsurvey.
During February to April of 2017, 887 executives from 48 countries participated in the HR Transformation Survey, with representation from 27 industries across Asia Pacific, Europe, North America, Middle East/Africa and Latin America.
KPMG is a global network of professional services firms providing Audit, Tax and Advisory services. We operate in 152 countries and have 189,000 people working in member firms around the world. The independent member firms of the KPMG network are affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative ("KPMG International"), a Swiss entity. Each KPMG firm is a legally distinct and separate entity and describes itself as such.


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Sometimes, cowboys totally hit the spot!
Diamonds and Dust (Lonesome Point, Texas #3) by Jessie Evans
The home run neither of them expected...Want to join in? EXCELLENT!
Pike Sherman is a legend in Lonesome Point, a hometown boy who made it to the big leagues. Literally. Professional baseball acquired one hell of a pitching arm and its latest celebrity bad boy when the gifted Pike was drafted seven years ago. Pike's broken heart came along for the ride, too, but he kept that private, and since leaving Lonesome Point has kept his distance from his hometown. But when Pike's little sister, Mia, begs him to be the Dude of Honor at her wedding, he can't refuse. He takes advantage of a break in the season and returns home to find himself thrown together with the one woman he never wanted to see again.
Tulsi Hearst is on the verge of losing her Equine Therapy business, and letting down all the kids she's come to love. After a mix-up with the grant board, she needs to concentrate on finding more funding, not dealing with Pike Sherman, the boy she sacrificed so much for, and the one person she's ever lied to. And what a lie it is... Pike would hate her if he found out. She knows she should stay far away from the brooding man her summer love has become, but Tulsi can't resist a slow dance with the only boy who ever made her blood rush.
After just a few days back in Lonesome Point, Pike can't imagine life without the girl he left behind, but when Tulsi's secret is revealed, his heart is broken all over again. The only thing worse than losing Tulsi, is losing six years with the daughter he didn't know he had.


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As far back as I can remember, I have always had things happen to me, or around me, that were amazingly coincidental. I thought it funny, that certain events would spontaneously include someone from my past that I hadn't seen in years, or when I would think about someone, randomly, they would call me within minutes after thinking of them.
Stories of my lifelong visitation, abduction experiences and all kinds of other randomness.
Sunday, September 25, 2011
Random Alien Brain Drop. The Witching Hour
As far back as I can remember, I have always had things happen to me, or around me, that were amazingly coincidental. I thought it funny, that certain events would spontaneously include someone from my past that I hadn't seen in years, or when I would think about someone, randomly, they would call me within minutes after thinking of them.
7 comments:
Your stories do seem to point to a very real pattern. I've spoken to a lot of people who claim some sort of contact with UFO occupants (whatever that might mean) and they ALL report a heightened sense of psychic experiences.ReplyDelete
I wonder of the ET phenomenon is tied into people who are psychic, an that is why they have their visitation/contact/abduction experiences, or if it's the other way around?ReplyDelete
I have experienced things like this many times. Some years ago I dreamed about bombs in the subway - just hours later terriorists bombed the London subway. I also feel things about other people, knows whats on their mind and so. Sometimes there is more of this, but right now its rather calm... don't know why.ReplyDelete
Firstly, I am proud that you are public about yourself. I have found you from Whitley's web site. I cannot listen to the program, I am a Grad student and can't afford it. I am 49 and remember that 'dreams' were actually real. I realized it was more than a dream in 1989, when after I had seen a show on abductions on the new Fox, I chanted (I am a Nichiren Buddhist) to meet the aliens. I wanted to tell them they had no right to do this to people, and that the founder of my school had what seems to be ET interventions in his life, which saved him once from being executed at around 4am. I now know that I have been visited by the evil greys as well as a human looking group I know as the Elders. I have only small snippets of memories. And yes, I have been psychic and realized it more and more. I don't have dreams, I see something on the news or TV and have a flash. I can see a person and know they are ill, especially with Cancer. As well as other abilities.ReplyDelete
I can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.
I recently had a vivid dream about someone I havent seen in over 15 years. I told my wife about the dream and how strange to dream about someone we both knew so long ago. The next day we were in a casino near us and my wife was playing slots and I was sitting nearby. I looked up and there was the very person I had seen in my dream. I told her about my dream and said how strange it was.ReplyDelete
I have about 3 to 5 psychic dreams a year that I remember well enough to write down.ReplyDelete
Hi Suzanne! As mentioned, I dream all the time. There is one dream I had that is amazingly similar to your golf course dream.ReplyDelete
One night I had a very vivid dream. There was a young man walking along the train tracks. He had headphones on and was bopping along the tracks singing and dancing to whatever he was listening to. Suddenly, I saw a train coming straight toward him. I tried yelling at him to get off the track, but he wasn't hearing me. I then woke up upset and sweating. I then thought "thank God it was only a dream".
The next morning, I saw on the news about a man who was hit and killed by an oncoming train.
I have many dreams, which is why I was curious about my dream about you. Who knows, we may have spoken subconsciously last night.
It is nice to know that someone I know has dreams like me.
I wish you well in your new project. Know that I am with you in spirit.
Aloha - Cari


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If you like what you see here, please visit Baby Routes at babyroutes.co.uk for all the recent walks, posts and reviews! Hope to see you there soon!
Recent Posts
If you like what you see here, please visit Baby Routes at babyroutes.co.uk for all the recent walks, posts and reviews! Hope to see you there soon!
Great personal blog on camping with kids, including recommended and reviewed campsites!
For loads of inspiration for outdoor fun and making for your kids check out this great series of books by Fiona Danks and Jo Schofield.
View original post 46 more words
'…a turn or two I'll walk,
to still my beating mind'
(Prospero in the Tempest, Act 4, Scene 1)
Even William Shakespeare appreciated the benefits of a good walk. What more appropriate way could you find to mark William Shakespeare's birthday than a walk along part of Shakespeare's Way – the 146 mile walking route between Stratford-upon-Avon and The Globe Theatre in London?
Starting at Shakespeare's birthplace of Stratford-upon-Avon, the scenic route meanders on footpaths, bridleways and quiet roads through the beautiful and typically English countryside through the Cotswolds and the Chilterns, leading finally to London where Shakespeare spent so many of his most productive years as a playwright. The route itself has been based on a route Shakespeare himself may well have followed closely to when travelling between Stratford-upon-Avon and London during his life and offers a cultural variation on other long distance walks.
Passing through many scenic and quiet villages, this is a route that can easily be split up into a series of small day walks so that you can cover the course over a longer period of time or just those stretches you fancy most.
Full details of Shakespeare's Way can be found at the Shakespeare's Way website.
Just a quick post as this is an opportunity too good to miss! If you're not already a member of the National Trust and at a loose end this weekend, why not take your family to your local National Trust property or estate. If you take along a voucher from the National Trust website you can get in absolutely free to over 200 properties. Given all the April showers and weather for a walk looking a bit dicey, a trip to one of the National Trust's estates is a good option offering the chance for a walk in the UKs finest countryside when the sun peeps out and plenty of indoor history, interest and teashops for when the weather turns wet.
If you're in the South Oxfordshire/Berkshire region, why not try visiting Greys Court or Basildon Park -both with fantastic walking options and the chance to stroll through bluebell woods. You can read more about the Greys Court walk here.
For your free visit, just print off a voucher from the National Trust website here.
Ok – admittedly talking about poo is something that new parents unexpectedly find themselves able to hold forth on with surprising eloquence and enthusiasm. Some would even excel if selecting it as their specialist subject on Mastermind! Today however I am not talking about baby poo but dog poo – the menace of our footpaths and hazard of walk with children.
As a dog-lover (I am constantly making my case at home for having one of my own) I have nothing against our faithful four legged friends but I find myself perplexed and baffled by the approach of some (and for sure it is only some) irresponsible dog-owners. No longer do we suffer from the plagues of poo on our footpaths I remember when I was growing up. Dog owners are a responsible crowd these days, always leaving the house armed with a poop-a-scoop and disposable bag. Some of these bags are even biodegradable to lessen their final impact on the environment. However what is confusing beyond measure, despite picking up the poo, despite numerous receptacles for dog litter placed at the start and finish of popular footpaths, is why oh why do owners forget to pocket their poo bags and dispose of them in a bin?
I've seen poo bags hanging from stiles, nestling at hedgerow bottoms,strung up in groups along fences like some kind mocking selfish tribute to the lost days of respect for our countryside and for others. Do we live in such a nanny state now that some dog walkers think that if they leave their mess behind then someone from a local authority will come and tidy it away for them? Are we really such a selfish lot that we assume others should be doing the jobs we don't want to do, that somehow because we pay our taxes or are otherwise upstanding members of the community someone else should scoop our dogs' poop? Or somehow because the dog owner has actually gone to the effort of removing the poo and putting it tidily in a bag (and a biodegradable bag at that)does this constitute tidying up? If this is the case, I would love for someone to provide an insight for me because how can adding a piece of brightly coloured plastic to the original poo pollutant on a walk possibly improve the aesthetic and environmental impact of a messing dog? Why, when we remember to close the gates behind us and take the remains of our picnics home, is it so hard to remember to remove the dog litter too? Sure, we are less likely to tread on a bright coloured plastic bag by mistake, especially if it's been moved to the side of a path but it looks even worse, is adding an extra pollutant to the environment and those in biodegradable bags will eventually allow seepage and pose the same health and environment risks as leaving the mess lie unwrapped.
This may be a personal peeve of mine but I am not alone. Only last week the Marine Conservation Society released the results of its Beachwatch Big Weekend 2011 survey and one of the headline results was the 11% increase of plastic-wrapped poo polluting our beaches in just one year. 11% more poo in plastic floating around our seas and washing up on the same beaches we take our children to build sand castles on, with the biodegradable bags doing their job and slowly seeping back into the environment in direct proximity to the kids we are teaching to enjoy and care for it…
Enough said. I know that those leaving bags of poo behind are the minority and that the majority of dog owners are responsible and trusted guardians of both our natural environment and the health of wildlife and our children who use the many footpaths in the UK. It is just a shame that some are spoiling it all for others.
The walks and this site are constantly being updated and improved as I find better ways of doing things and new walks to share. The latest change sees the addition of Ordnance Survey OpenSpace maps on the walks details as well as google maps to help with directions to get you to the start of each walk. Hope this is helpful!


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I will start with the class that actually was my second class.. I joined the layers of dreams on Saturday morning. I love making layouts and I was really happy with my result. Usually I am a bit shy and scared to mess things up, but this time I just went with the flow. :)
This is what I made of the class. I added a black frame to my project and it looks amazing and I can hang it on my wall now. :)
The frame of course Prima and all the embellishments are also Prima. The photo I used I've used before on a layout, but I think it's just such a fun photo so I just had to use it.
This rusted elements are sooo cool, I really like the look on them. We just a lot of the art stones as well and splatted with gesso and Colorarte Primary elements.
Look at all my layers.. It's no way to put this in an album. We used loads of lace, papers and metal embellishment. We painted everything with gesso and misted primary elements on top. Then we added those rusted elements.
The texture is amazing! We added art stones in both sizes and painted them into our project. I love the color palette with the purples and teals.
I see that the photo I used comes out really blury in this photo. But it's really not. But you get to see the layers and all the details in the layout and of course all the splatteres we did. It was such a fun class to attend. If you have the chance to go and learn to use Finnabair projects I would highly recommend you doing so! :)
Thank you so much for your visit today! :)


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31 July 2012
Naming that boat
Throughout history owners of all kind of boats have been naming her (yep, apparently boats are female... alluding at the changing moods? :-) with captivating, suggestive and exotic names.
Not sure if all paddlers share my attachment to a kayak but I feel being part of "her".
Is it the tight confined space that almost wears my body or is it the medium to deliver so much pure enjoyment that personifies an inanimate object made from fibreglass and resin?
Nevertheless I have named all my kayaks even if our "love" was brief at times.
From "Wet Dream" (a name almost R rated) to Kadzait there have been 14 "girls" in my shed...
I think it's more personal to have a name to refer to, instead of the model that the manufacturer gave her (at one stage I had two of the same model).
I like to display the name of my kayak on the bow, just under the seam line.
In the past I have come up with the logo for the name myself; using the imagination and electronic tools I would fashion graphics that would work on a sea kayak.
My designs have been so far monochrome; I would cut the logo out of cast vinyl and apply it to the gel coat.
Self adhesive cast vinyl is used for sign making and I would source mine from a local supplier but "flea Bay" seems to be a good source too.
I would trace the logo over the vinyl and with a very sharp hobby knife I would neatly cut out the desired shape. I limit my designs to be rather simple with few pointy edges and no fine lines. A cut-out vinyl sticker needs to have some body if used on the bow of a sea kayak or peeling of the material will occur.
I used clear vinyl to cover the complex shape of this logo
Recently I have had the urge to spice-up a bit my logos and with the recent purchase of (yet) another kayak I held back for a while. I could design my own logo in full color, maybe even with a drop shadow or something but the quotes I got to print a one-off were rather expensive.
Then I stumbled across Kayak ID, a guy that specializes in making just the very thing I wanted: logos for kayaks in "airbrush" look.
On his website he offers a very simple way to design your own logo in a few different styles.
I asked Bob for a sample and he was happy to supply me one, with exact instructions on how to apply it without messing up.
The decal took a while to make and ship (California based company) but it was delivered in a very protective stiff cardboard envelop to prevent shipping damage.
Cleaned up my kayak as recommended and carefully applied the decal.
I think that these graphics look a lot more professional than my amateur efforts.
2 comments:
Hi Gnarlydog, beatiful post!ReplyDelete
I made my own stickers too, computer aided. The names are ilegal! and Lagarantíasoyyo - and my girlfriend's kayaks are Quindim Precioso and Clandestino. Of course the three spanish names have a reason, and the portuguese (Quindim Precioso) too!
Funny post!!!
I really enjoyed this post. I never thought of naming my kayaks and didn't know you could order decals. Thanks! But, being me, I don't like most of the fonts they offer. The one you chose is the one I like best so far. Looks nice on your boat.ReplyDelete
Cheers from Canada.
Thank you for taking the time to comment.
Because of spam received from unwanted manufacturers/retailers all comments are now moderated. Allow a few days for your comment to appear when the operators of GnarlyDog News are on safari.


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Quincy Jones dropped a lot of bombshells in an extremelycandid interview with Vultureon Wednesday ― including saying that comedy legend Richard Pryor had had sex with Oscar-winning actor Marlon Brando.
Jennifer Lee Pryor, the late comedian's widow, confirmed to TMZ thatthis is true.
Pryor was openly bisexual and wrote about his sexual relationships in his diaries, Lee Pryor said, adding that she plans to publish the writings later this year.
If you listen to Richard's comedy---the early stuff---he was way ahead of his time on gay rights!!!#noshame— Jennifer Lee Pryor (@JenniferLPryor) February 8, 2018
She also noted that Pryor would have found Jones' comment about him and Brando pretty funny.
"It was the '70s!" she said. "Drugs were still good, especially quaaludes. If you did enough cocaine, you'd fuck a radiator and send it flowers in the morning."
Lee Pryor was married to the comedian in the early '80s; they remarried in 2001 and were together until Pryor died in 2005.
This article originally appeared on HuffPost.


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This is XOXO Scrapbooking March scrap lifting challenge. It is based on a 4x4 grid. You can put pictures in fours squares or you can mix and match. This is a great way to use up those bits and pieces of papers that always seem to be left over after a project. I have quite a few 6x6 pads of paper that are just perfect for this type of sketch. I hope you will join us and maybe next month you will be our Guest Designer!
I won these gorgeous bright cheerful papers from Authentique last month. How perfect for this layout. The back ground for these photos were very dark and the subject matter wasn't important so I cut him out of them and used them like this.
PapersAuthentique Crave, Wishes, Merriment
EmbellishmentsAuthentique stickers
Ribbon, flowers and bling from my stash
Thanks for stopping by to see what the papers are saying today! Just nine more to go til I reach my goal of 50 follows. Hope you are next! Thank you
Scrap it Girl Birthday challenge!
The Aviary This month's theme is "Celebrate" and what better way to celebrate than a party!