text:
Monday, January 11, 2010
Photo: Big 4-layer cake
Filling (2-layer cake)
2 egg yolks
170 g/6 oz evaporated milk (Kondensmilch)
50 g/2 oz sugar
25 g/1 oz light brown sugar
40 g/3 tbsp. butter, cut into pieces
1 pinch salt
1 tsp. vanilla extract
75 g/3.5 oz sweetened shredded coconut
90 g/3/4 cup pecans
Cake (2-layer-cake)
60 g/2 oz semisweet or bittersweet chocolate, chopped fine
20 g/1/8 cup Dutch-processed cocoa powder
60 ml/1/4 cup boiling water
285 g/5 oz all-purpose flour (Weizenmehl Typ 405), or 250 g all-purpose and 35 g whole wheat flour
85 g (3/4 stick) butter, softened
100 g/ 3.5 oz sugar
65 g/ 1/3 cup light brown sugar
1/4 tsp salt
2 eggs, room temperature
1/2 tsp. vanilla extract
90 ml/3/8 cup sour cream (saure Sahne oder Creme fraiche)
For the filling:
Whisk yolks in medium sauce pan, gradually adding evaporated milk. Add sugars, butter, and salt and cook over medium-high heat, whisking constantly, until mixture is boiling, frothy, and slightly thickened (ca. 6 min). Remove from heat, whisk in vanilla, then stir in coconut. Cool, then refrigerate for at least 2 hours or up to 3 days. (Pecans are stirred in just before cake assembly.)
For the cake:
Preheat oven to 350 F/175 C. During preheating time toast pecans in oven until fragrant.
Combine chocolate and cocoa in small bowl, pour boiling water over and let stand to melt chocolate (ca. 2 min). Whisk until smooth, and let cool to room temperature.
Lightly grease 24 cm/9-inch springform or round baking pan. Line bottom with parchment paper. Grease paper, then dust pan with flour, and knock out excess. Sift flour and baking soda into medium bowl.
In bowl of stand mixer, beat butter, sugars, and salt at medium-low speed until sugar is moistened. Increase speed to medium-high and beat until mixture is light and fluffy (ca. 4 min), scraping down bowl with rubber spatula halfway through. With mixer running at medium speed, add eggs 1 at a time, beating well after each addition and scraping down bowl halfway through. Beat in vanilla, increase speed to medium-high and beat until light and fluffy (45 sec).
With mixer running at low speed, add chocolate, then increase speed to medium and beat until combined (30 sec), scraping down bowl once (batter may appear broken). With mixer running at low speed, add dry ingredients in 3 additions, alternating with sour cream (in 2 additions), and beating in each addition until barely combined. Add final flour addition, beat on low until just combined, then stir batter by hand with a rubber spatula, scraping bottom sides of bowl, to ensure that ingredients are evenly distributed. Transfer batter to prepared pan, spreading it evenly with rubber spatula.
Bake cake in lower-middle position in the oven until needle comes out clean (ca. 30 min). Cool in pan for 10 minutes, then invert cake onto greased wire rack, peel off and discard paper from bottom. Cool cake down before filling, at least 1 hour.
To assemble:
Chop toasted pecans and stir them into chilled filling. Cut cake horizontally in halves, and, with an icing spatula, distribute 1 cup filling evenly over each half, spreading filling to very edge of cake. Carefully place upper half on top of lower layer. Serve.
This recipe is half of the original one. If you like a really, really big cake, double the recipe and divide batter in 2 springform or baking pans, so that you can make a 4-layer-cake (see photo).
I found the original "Cooks Illustrated" filling too sweet, so I reduced the amounts of sugar. (The original amounts were 100 g sugar and 50 g brown sugar for 1/2 recipe).
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It's been a busy few weeks for Name Curator but I'm finally on top of my archivist duties.
Some interesting names this week, including Hero Nuus and Moses Regular Jr (supplied by the incomparable namesmith Steve Rushin).
But of course, it's impossible to go past Cynthia Chicken-Usher. Such a strange hyphenation: 'Chicken' on its name is intriguing, but to follow it up with 'Usher' elevates it to a level of brilliance I've rarely encountered.
Cynthia Chicken-Usher, I applaud you.
Hildegard Hammerschmidt-Hummel, German academic and Shakespeare death analyser
Garold Sneegas, US photographer and hogchoker/stoneroller snorkeler
Jurickson Profar, Curaçaoan baseballer and former Hickory Crawdad
Gaillard 'Evil' Peck, US pilot and Constant Peg program initiator
Crystal Starr, US videoblogger and fun building troller
Rudell Crim, US gridironer and 'ooooh baby' utterer
Bland Ballard, US soldier/legislator and tough looking man
Hero Nuus, animal trainer and hippopotamus feeder
Jovan Belcher, American footballer and stat jacker-upper
Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German director and vicious drug & sleeping pill combiner
Cynthia Chicken-Usher, British company director
Moses Regular Jr, American footballer and bullet-like projectiler
Cornell Capa, Hungarian/American photographer and non-artist
Peer Bork, German biochemist and diarrhoea sufferer email receiver
Abdulai Bell-Baggie, Sierra Leonean/English footballer and understated hinter

subset: commoncrawl


text:
from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. A sling for lifting a gun off its carriage, or off the ground when placed under a gin or other lifting-machine.
- n. A kind of strap or sling for carrying a shot-gun or rifle; specifically, a leather loop or sling which buttons or buckles on the pommel of a saddle, and in which a shot-gun or rifle is so slung that it is carried across the lap of the rider.
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Here Malachi laid him down, first drawing the gun-sling gently off his shoulders.
They had retained their clutch on the gun-sling carrying the pig, and, before they realized what was toward -- they were slow thinkers both -- a pair of hands was clasped around each throat.
No doubt it is a trying ordeal to have some young regular-army lieutenant ride up to your tent at an hour's notice, and leisurely devote a day to probing every weak spot in your command, -- to stand by while he smells at every camp-kettle, detects every delinquent gun-sling, ferrets out old shoes from behind the mess-bunks, spies out every tent-pole not labelled with the sergeant's name, asks to see the cash-balance of each company-fund, and perplexes your best captain on forming from two ranks into one by the left flank.


text:
So that scuppered Wednesday for me as I'll just have to start again - no chance of hopping about on WOYWW and it ain't fair to link so I'll be missing in action once again.
But, after hurling stuff round the craft room in a right little tantrum, I whipped this little card up instead:
You can see what a rush I was in, it was getting dark outside so I plonked the card on top of the lovely box of hand made roses still on my desk from Mrs A (within gazing and stroking distance...............the roses not Mrs A!!), flipped up the daylight lamp and just pressed the shutter on the camera! Nowt fancy, after the day I'd had!!!


text:
15 Minutes of Fame is our look at World of Warcraft players of all shapes and sizes – from the renowned to the relatively anonymous, the remarkable to the player next door. Tip us off to players you'd like to hear more about.
"I never thought of playing WoW like that!" – and neither did we, until we talked with these players. 15 Minutes of Fame profiled a whole host of World of Warcraft players last year, from multiboxers to disabled players and even people with the patience to build a Booty Bay entirely out of Legos.
So how have a year's time and a new expansion been treating our subjects? Some dove into Northrend with gusto. Many reported inspiring new developments and directions, stemming from the publicity they received here on 15 Minutes of Fame. Other players have stopped playing entirely.
We caught up with all but a handful of this year's interviewees for fresh updates. Click into our gallery, just below, to find out what they're doing today.


text:
Watch your music!
I got it yesterday, around 10:20 a.m. Fresh from Shanghai. Fully-charged for 20 hours of battery power.
I have owned every iPod, since they were first introduced. Generation 1-5. Wow. Watch your music. Here are some of the features of this 60Gig, Black, Video iPod:
• Holds up to 15,000 songs and full-color album art
• Bright 2.5-inch, 320 x 240 pixel TFT display
• Up to 20 hours of battery life
• Holds up to 25,000 photos
• Holds up to 150 hours of video
• Plays video or photo slideshows on TV via the optional Dock (which I of course also ordered!)
• Apple Click Wheel
• Accessory-compatible Dock connector
• Dock works with the new Apple Remote
• Charges and syncs via USB
• Syncs contacts, calendars and to-do lists
Duly laser-engraved: Surrender The Booty! In Real Life I Am A Pirate.
Hell yes! Must get back to


text:
Peace symbol
Peace symbol
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Peace symbol
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A number of
peace symbols
have been used in various cultures and contexts, one of the most ancient being the
olive branch
Olive branch
The olive branch in Western culture, derived from the customs of Ancient Greece, symbolizes peace or victory and was worn by brides.-Ancient Greece and Rome:...
. The
Pigeons and doves constitute the bird family Columbidae within the order Columbiformes, which include some 300 species of near passerines. In general terms "dove" and "pigeon" are used somewhat interchangeably...
and olive branch was used by early Christians and was later adopted as a secular symbol. It was popularised by Pablo Picasso in 1949 and became widely used in the post-war peace movement. In the 20th century, the peace sign, adopted by the
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament is an anti-nuclear organisation that advocates unilateral nuclear disarmament by the United Kingdom, international nuclear disarmament and tighter international arms regulation through agreements such as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty...
, the V hand signal, and the
peace flag
Peace flag
There have been several designs for a peace flag.-White-bordered national flag:The white flag is recognized in most of the world as a flag of surrender, truce or ceasefire. The first mention of a white flag used in this context is made during the Eastern Han dynasty...
became international peace symbols.
Classical antiquity
The use of the olive as a symbol of peace dates at least to the 5th century BCE. It was mentioned by the Greek playwright
Aristophanes , son of Philippus, of the deme Cydathenaus, was a comic playwright of ancient Athens. Eleven of his forty plays survive virtually complete...
Peace (play)
Peace is an Athenian Old Comedy written and produced by the Greek playwright Aristophanes. It won second prize at the City Dionysia where it was staged just a few days before the ratification of the Peace of Nicias , which promised to end the ten year old Peloponnesian War...
), where he refers to "greatest of all goddesses,
Eirene (Greek goddess)
Eirene, or Irene |Pax]]), one of the Horae, was the personification of peace, and was depicted in art as a beautiful young woman carrying a cornucopia, sceptre and a torch or rhyton. She is said sometimes to be the daughter of Zeus and Themis....
, goddess of peace, her to whom the olive is so dear". The olive tree represented plenty, but the ancient Greeks believed that it also drove away evil spirits. The olive branch was one of the attributes of Eirene on Roman Imperial coins. For example, the reverse of a
The tetradrachm was an Ancient Greek silver coin equivalent to four drachmae. It was in wide circulation from 510 to 38 BC.-History:Many surviving tetradrachms were minted by the polis of Athens from around the middle of the 5th century BC onwards; the popular coin was widely used in transactions...
Vespasian , was Roman Emperor from 69 AD to 79 AD. Vespasian was the founder of the Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Empire for a quarter century. Vespasian was descended from a family of equestrians, who rose into the senatorial rank under the Emperors of the Julio-Claudian dynasty...
Alexandria is the second-largest city of Egypt, with a population of 4.1 million, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country; it is also the largest city lying directly on the Mediterranean coast. It is Egypt's largest seaport, serving...
, 70-71 CE, shows Eirene standing holding a branch upward in her right hand.
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
Publius Vergilius Maro, usually called Virgil or Vergil in English , was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He is known for three major works of Latin literature, the Eclogues , the Georgics, and the epic Aeneid...
(70-10 BCE) associated "the plump olive" with the goddess
Pax (mythology)
In Roman mythology, Pax [paqs] was recognized as a goddess during the rule of Augustus. On the Campus Martius, she had a temple called the Ara Pacis, and another temple on the Forum Pacis. She was depicted in art with olive branches, a cornucopia and a scepter...
(the Roman Eirene) and he used the olive branch as a symbol of peace in his
The Aeneid is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans. It is composed of roughly 10,000 lines in dactylic hexameter...
High on the stern Aeneas his stand,
And held a branch of olive in his hand,
While thus he spoke: "The Phrygians' arms you see,
Expelled from Troy, provoked in Italy
By Latian foes, with war unjustly made;
At first affianced, and at last betrayed.
This message bear: The Trojans and their chief
Bring holy peace, and beg the king's relief."
For the Romans, there was an intimate relationship between war and peace, and
Mars (mythology)
Mars was the Roman god of war and also an agricultural guardian, a combination characteristic of early Rome. He was second in importance only to Jupiter, and he was the most prominent of the military gods worshipped by the Roman legions...
, the god of war, had another aspect, Mars Pacifer, Mars the bringer of Peace, who is shown on coins of the later Roman Empire bearing an olive branch. (See Gallery.)
Appian of Alexandria was a Roman historian of Greek ethnicity who flourished during the reigns of Trajan, Hadrian, and Antoninus Pius.He was born ca. 95 in Alexandria. He tells us that, after having filled the chief offices in the province of Egypt, he went to Rome ca. 120, where he practised as...
describes the use of the olive-branch as a gesture of peace by the enemies of the Roman general Scipio Aemilianus in the
Numantine War
Numantine War
The Numantine War was the last conflict of the Celtiberian Wars fought by the Romans to subdue those people along the Ebro. It was a twenty year long conflict between the Celtiberian tribes of Hispania Citerior and the Roman government. It began in 154 BC as a revolt of the Celtiberians of...
and by
Hasdrubal was the name of several Carthaginian generals of the First and Second Punic Wars...
Carthage , implying it was a 'new Tyre') is a major urban centre that has existed for nearly 3,000 years on the Gulf of Tunis, developing from a Phoenician colony of the 1st millennium BC...
Later representations
Poets of the 17th century associated the olive with peace and a
Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
gold coin of 1644 shows the monarch with sword and olive branch. Throughout the 18th century English coins show Brittania with a spear and olive branch.
The painted hall of the
Old Royal Naval College
Old Royal Naval College
The Old Royal Naval College is the architectural centrepiece of Maritime Greenwich, a World Heritage Site in Greenwich, London, described by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation as being of "outstanding universal value" and reckoned to be the "finest and most...
Greenwich is a district of south London, England, located in the London Borough of Greenwich.Greenwich is best known for its maritime history and for giving its name to the Greenwich Meridian and Greenwich Mean Time...
, represents an allegory, c.1700, by
James Thornhill
James Thornhill
Sir James Thornhill was an English painter of historical subjects, in the Italian baroque tradition.-Life:...
in which
William and Mary
William and Mary
The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the coregency over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland, of King William III & II and Queen Mary II...
accept an olive branch from Peace.
In January 1775, the frontispiece of the
London Magazine
published an engraving of Peace descending on a cloud from the Temple of Commerce,bringing an olive branch to America and Britannia. In July that year, the American
Continental Congress
Continental Congress
The Continental Congress was a convention of delegates called together from the Thirteen Colonies that became the governing body of the United States during the American Revolution....
adopted the "
Olive Branch Petition
Olive Branch Petition
The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by the Continental Congress in July 1775 in an attempt to avoid a full-blown war with Great Britain. The petition affirmed American loyalty to Great Britain and entreated the king to prevent further conflict...
" in the hope of avoiding a full-blown war with Great Britain. On the
Great Seal of the United States
Great Seal of the United States
The Great Seal of the United States is used to authenticate certain documents issued by the United States federal government. The phrase is used both for the physical seal itself , and more generally for the design impressed upon it...
(1782), the olive branch denotes peace, as explained by
Charles Thomson
Charles Thomson
Charles Thomson was a Patriot leader in Philadelphia during the American Revolution and the secretary of the Continental Congress throughout its existence.-Biography:...
, Secretary to Congress: "The Olive branch and arrows denote the power of peace & war which is exclusively vested in Congress."
Early Christians portrayed
Baptism in early Christianity
Baptism has been part of Christianity from the start, as shown by the many mentions in the Acts of the Apostles and the Pauline epistles. Christians consider Jesus to have instituted the sacrament of baptism...
accompanied by a dove holding an olive branch in its beak and used the image on their
The rock-cut tombs in ancient Israel are a group of hundreds of rock-cut tombs constructed in Israel in ancient times. They were cut into the rock, sometimes with elaborate facades and multiple burial chambers. Some are free-standing, but most are caves. Each tomb typically belonged to a...
s as an allegory of peace. The dove appears in many funerary inscriptions in the Roman catacombs, sometimes accompanied by the words
in pace
(Latin for "in peace"). For example, in the
Catacomb of Callixtus
Catacomb of Callixtus
The Catacomb of Callixtus was one of the Catacombs of Rome on the Appian Way, most notable for containing the Crypt of the Popes , which contained the tombs of several popes from the 2nd to 4th centuries...
there is a representation of a dove and branch next to a Latin inscription NICELLA VIRCO DEI OVE VI XIT ANNOS P M XXXV DE POSITA XV KAL MAIAS BENE MERENTI IN PACE, meaning "Nicella, God's virgin, who lived for more or less 35 years. She was placed [here] 15 days before the Kalends of May [17th April]. For the well deserving one in peace." In another there is a shallow relief sculpture showing a dove with a branch flying to a figure marked in Greek ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (Eirene, or Peace). The symbol has also been found in the Christian catacombs of
Sousse is a city in Tunisia. Located 140 km south of the capital Tunis, the city has 173,047 inhabitants . Sousse is in the central-east of the country, on the Gulf of Hammamet, which is a part of the Mediterranean Sea. The name may be of Berber origin: similar names are found in Libya and in...
, Tunisia (ancient
Carthage , implying it was a 'new Tyre') is a major urban centre that has existed for nearly 3,000 years on the Gulf of Tunis, developing from a Phoenician colony of the 1st millennium BC...
), which date from the end of the first century AD.
Christians derived the symbol of the dove and olive branch from two sources. The first was the
New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
comparison between a dove and the
Spirit of God
Holy Spirit
Holy Spirit is a term introduced in English translations of the Hebrew Bible, but understood differently in the main Abrahamic religions.While the general concept of a "Spirit" that permeates the cosmos has been used in various religions Holy Spirit is a term introduced in English translations of...
that descended on
Jesus of Nazareth , commonly referred to as Jesus Christ or simply as Jesus or Christ, is the central figure of Christianity...
his baptism
Baptism of Jesus
The baptism of Jesus marks the beginning of Jesus Christ's public ministry. This event is recorded in the Canonical Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. In John 1:29-33 rather than a direct narrative, the Baptist bears witness to the episode...
. The second was the pagan symbol of the olive branch. The New Testament comparison has a parallel in the
The Talmud is a central text of mainstream Judaism. It takes the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, philosophy, customs and history....
, which says that "the spirit of God hovered over the face of the waters like a dove", but in Jewish tradition the olive branch is not used as a peace symbol and neither the
Hebrew Bible
Hebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible is a term used by biblical scholars outside of Judaism to refer to the Tanakh , a canonical collection of Jewish texts, and the common textual antecedent of the several canonical editions of the Christian Old Testament...
nor the New Testament mention the dove or the olive in connection with peace.
In the
The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
story of Noah and the Flood, a dove returns to Noah with a freshly plucked olive leaf rather than an olive branch. This is not said to represent peace either in the text or in
In Judaism, a rabbi is a teacher of Torah. This title derives from the Hebrew word רבי , meaning "My Master" , which is the way a student would address a master of Torah...
nic explanations, which interpret it as "the young shoots of the Land of Israel" or the dove's preference for bitter food in God's service rather than sweet food in the service of men. But early Christians drew parallels between baptism and the flood, the
First Epistle of Peter
First Epistle of Peter
The First Epistle of Peter, usually referred to simply as First Peter and often written 1 Peter, is a book of the New Testament. The author claims to be Saint Peter the apostle, and the epistle was traditionally held to have been written during his time as bishop of Rome or Bishop of Antioch,...
(composed around the end of the first century AD) comparing the salvation through water in baptism to Noah's salvation through water. The Carthaginian
Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus, anglicised as Tertullian , was a prolific early Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa. He is the first Christian author to produce an extensive corpus of Latin Christian literature. He also was a notable early Christian apologist and...
(c.160 - c.220) compared Noah's dove, who "announced to the world the assaugement of divine wrath, when she had been sent out of the ark and returned with the olive branch" with the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove that descends in baptism, "bringing us the peace of God, sent out from the heavens". In the fourth century, St. Jerome's
Latin Bible
The Vulgate is a late 4th-century Latin translation of the Bible. It was largely the work of St. Jerome, who was commissioned by Pope Damasus I in 382 to make a revision of the old Latin translations...
, possibly reflecting this Christian comparison between the peace brought by baptism and the ending of the Flood, rendered the Hebrew Bible's "olive leaf" (עלה זית
alay zayit
) in
as "olive branch" (
ramum olivae
). By the fifth century, St
Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo , also known as Augustine, St. Augustine, St. Austin, St. Augoustinos, Blessed Augustine, or St. Augustine the Blessed, was Bishop of Hippo Regius . He was a Latin-speaking philosopher and theologian who lived in the Roman Africa Province...
confirmed the Christian reading of the pagan olive branch into
, writing that, "perpetual peace is indicated by the olive branch (
oleae ramusculo
) that the dove brought with it when it returned to the ark."
In the earliest Christian art, the dove represented the peace of the soul rather than civil peace, but from the third century the dove began to be shown in situations of conflict such as
Daniel is the protagonist in the Book of Daniel of the Hebrew Bible. In the narrative, when Daniel was a young man, he was taken into Babylonian captivity where he was educated in Chaldean thought. However, he never converted to Neo-Babylonian ways...
and the lions, the
three young men in the furnace
Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego
Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego are characters in the biblical Hebrew book of Daniel Chapters 1 – 3, known for their exclusive devotion to God. In particular, they are known for being saved by divine intervention from the Babylonian execution of being burned alive in a fiery furnace...
, Susannah and the Elders and Noah and the Ark. Before the Peace of Constantine (313 AD), in which Rome ceased its persecution of Christians, Noah is normally shown in an
attitude of prayer
Orans , is a figure with extended arms or bodily attitude of prayer, usually standing, with the elbows close to the sides of the body and with the hands outstretched sideways, palms up....
, a dove with an olive branch nearly always flying toward him or alighting on his outstretched hand. According to Graydon Snyder, "The Noah story afforded the early Christian community an opportunity to express piety and peace in a vessel that withstood the threatening environment" of Roman persecution. For Ludwig Budde and Pierre Prigent, the dove refers to the descending of the Holy Spirit rather than the peace associated with Noah. After the Peace of Constantine, Noah appeared only occasionally in Christian art.
illuminated manuscript
Illuminated manuscript
An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as decorated initials, borders and miniature illustrations...
s such as the
Holkham is a village and civil parish in the north-west of the county of Norfolk, England. Besides the small village, the parish includes the major stately home and estate of Holkham Hall, and an attractive beach at Holkham Gap...
Bible showed the dove returning to Noah with a branch, and Wycliffe's Bible, which translated the Vulgate into English in the 14th century, uses "
a braunche of olyue tre with greene leeuys
" ("a branch of olive tree with green leaves") in Gen. 8:11. Even illuminations in Jewish manuscripts in the middle ages could show Noah's dove with an olive branch, for example, the Golden Haggadah (about 1420). English Bibles from the 17th century King James Bible onwards, which translate
direct from Hebrew, use "olive leaf", but by this time the dove with an olive branch as a symbol of peace in
was firmly established.
Secular representations
Late 15th century
In the late 15th century, a dove with an olive branch was used on the seal of
Dieci di Balia
, the
Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....
committee known as The Ten of Liberty and Peace, whose secretary was Machiavelli; it bore the motto, "Pax et Defencio Libertatis" (Peace and the Defence of Liberty).
Late 18th century
In 18th century America, a £2 note of North Carolina (1771) depicted the dove and olive with a motto meaning: "Peace restored". Georgia's $40 note of 1778 portrayed the dove and olive and a hand holding a dagger, with a motto meaning "Either war or peace, prepared for both."
Early 19th century
The Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace, also known as The London Peace Society, formed on Quaker initiative in 1816, used the symbol of a dove and olive branch.
Early 20th century
A German war loan poster of 1917 (see Gallery below) showed the head of an eagle over a dove of peace in flight, with the text, "Subscribe to the War Loan".
Mid 20th century
Picasso's lithograph,
La Colombe
(The Dove), a traditional, realistic picture of a pigeon, without an olive branch, was chosen as the emblem for the World Peace Congress in Paris in April 1949. The dove became a symbol for the peace movement and the ideals of the
Communist Party
Communist party
A political party described as a Communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of communism through a communist form of government...
and was used in Communist demonstrations of the period. At the 1950 World Peace Congress in
Sheffield is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and with some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely...
, Picasso said that his father had taught him to paint doves, concluding, "I stand for life against death; I stand for peace against war." At the 1952 World Peace Congress in Berlin, Picasso's
was depicted in a banner above the stage. The dove symbol was used extensively in the post-
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
peace movement.
Anti-communism is opposition to communism. Organized anti-communism developed in reaction to the rise of communism, especially after the 1917 October Revolution in Russia and the beginning of the Cold War in 1947.-Objections to communist theory:...
had their own take on the peace dove: the group
Paix et Liberté
Paix et Liberté
Paix et Liberté was an anti-communist movement that operated in France during the 1950s.-Founding:In response to the Stockholm Appeal , Jean-Paul David, then Radical Socialist Party deputy mayor of Mantes-la-Jolie and later Secretary General of the Rally of Republican Lefts , created Paix et...
distributed posters titled
La colombe qui fait BOUM
(the dove that goes BOOM), showing the peace dove metamorphosing into a
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
A tank is a tracked, armoured fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat which combines operational mobility, tactical offensive, and defensive capabilities...
The broken rifle
The broken rifle symbol is used by
War Resisters' International
War Resisters' International
War Resisters' International is an international anti-war organization with members and affiliates in over thirty countries. Its headquarters are in London, UK.-History:...
(WRI) and its affiliates but predates the foundation of WRI in 1921. The first known example of the symbol is in the mast-head of the January 1909 issue of
De Wapens Neder
(Down With Weapons), the monthly paper of the International Antimilitarist Union in the Netherlands. In 1915 it appeared on the cover of a pamphlet,
Under det brukne Gevaer
(Under the Broken Rifle), published by the Norwegian Social Democratic Youth Association. The (German) League for War Victims, founded in 1917, used the broken rifle on a 1919 banner. In 1921, Belgian workers marching through La Louvrière on 16 October 1921, carried flags showing a soldier breaking his rifle.
Ernst Friedrich
Ernst Friedrich
Ernst Friedrich was a French racecar driver.-Indy 500 results:...
, a German who had refused military service, founded the Anti-Kriegs Museum in Berlin with a bas-relief broken rifle over the door, and the Museum distributed broken rifle badges, girl's and women's broaches, boy's belt buckles, and men's tie pins.
The white poppy
In 1933, during a period in which there was widespread fear of war in Europe, the
Women's Co-operative Guild
Women's Co-operative Guild
The Co-operative Women's Guild is an auxiliary organisation of the co-operative movement in the United Kingdom which promotes women in co-operative structures and provides social and other services to its members....
began the practice of distributing
white poppies
White Poppy
thumb|right|300px|Artificial poppies placed as [[Anzac Day]] tributes on a [[cenotaph]] in [[New Zealand]]; mostly [[red poppy#Symbol|red poppies]] marketed by the [[Royal New Zealand Returned and Services' Association]], with a lone [[White Poppy]]...
as an alternative to the red poppies distributed by the Royal British Legion in commemoration of servicemen who died in the First World War. In 1934 the newly-formed
Peace Pledge Union
Peace Pledge Union
The Peace Pledge Union is a British pacifist non-governmental organization. It is open to everyone who can sign the PPU pledge: "I renounce war, and am therefore determined not to support any kind of war...
(PPU), which was the largest British peace organisation in the inter-war years, joined in distributing white poppies and laying white poppy wreaths "as a pledge to peace that war must not happen again". In 1980, the PPU revived the symbol as a way of remembering the victims of war without glorifying militarism.
Roerich's peace banner
Nicholas Roerich
Nicholas Roerich
Nicholas Roerich, also known as Nikolai Konstantinovich Rerikh , was a Russian mystic, painter, philosopher, scientist, writer, traveler, and public figure. A prolific artist, he created thousands of paintings and about 30 literary works...
(1874–1947) was the founder of a movement to protect cultural artifacts, whose symbol, a maroon on white emblem consisting of three solid circles in a surrounding circle, has been used as a peace banner. In 1935 a pact initiated by Roerich was signed by the
United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
Latin America
Latin America
Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...
n nations, agreeing that "historic monuments, museums, scientific, artistic, educational and cultural institutions" should be protected both in times of peace and war. According to the Roerich Museum, "The Banner of Peace symbol has ancient origins. Perhaps its earliest known example appears on Stone Age amulets: three dots, without the enclosing circle. Roerich came across numerous later examples in various parts of the world, and knew that it represented a deep and sophisticated understanding of the triune nature of existence. But for the purposes of the Banner and the Pact, Roerich described the circle as representing the totality of culture, with the three dots being Art, Science, and Religion, three of the most embracing of human cultural activities. He also described the circle as representing the eternity of time, encompassing the past, present, and future. The sacred origins of the symbol, as an illustration of the trinities fundamental to all religions, remain central to the meaning of the Pact and the Banner today."
The peace sign
The internationally recognized symbol for peace was originally designed for the British nuclear disarmament movement by
Gerald Holtom
Gerald Holtom
Gerald Herbert Holtom was a British professional designer and artist. In 1958 he designed the logo of the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament , which became an international peace symbol....
in 1958. Holtom, an artist and designer, made it for a march from
Trafalgar Square
Trafalgar Square
Trafalgar Square is a public space and tourist attraction in central London, England, United Kingdom. At its centre is Nelson's Column, which is guarded by four lion statues at its base. There are a number of statues and sculptures in the square, with one plinth displaying changing pieces of...
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
to the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment at
Aldermaston is a rural village, civil parish and electoral ward in Berkshire, South-East England. In the 2001 United Kingdom Census, the parish had a population of 927. The village is on the southern edge of the River Kennet flood plain, near the Hampshire county boundary...
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, organised by the
Direct Action Committee
Direct Action Committee
The Direct Action Committee against nuclear war was a pacifist organization formed "to assist the conducting of non-violent direct action to obtain the total renunciation of nuclear war and its weapons by Britain and all other countries as a first step in disarmament"...
to take place in April and supported by the
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament is an anti-nuclear organisation that advocates unilateral nuclear disarmament by the United Kingdom, international nuclear disarmament and tighter international arms regulation through agreements such as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty...
(CND). Eric Austen (1922–1999) adapted Holtom's designs to ceramic lapel badges.
The symbol is a combination of the
Flag semaphore
Semaphore Flags is the system for conveying information at a distance by means of visual signals with hand-held flags, rods, disks, paddles, or occasionally bare or gloved hands. Information is encoded by the position of the flags; it is read when the flag is in a fixed position...
signals for the letters "N" and "D," standing for "nuclear disarmament". In
Flag semaphore
Semaphore Flags is the system for conveying information at a distance by means of visual signals with hand-held flags, rods, disks, paddles, or occasionally bare or gloved hands. Information is encoded by the position of the flags; it is read when the flag is in a fixed position...
the letter "N" is formed by a person holding two flags in an upside-down "V," and the letter "D" is formed by holding one flag pointed straight up and the other pointed straight down. Superimposing these two signs forms the shape of the centre of the peace symbol. The original drawing by Gerald Holtom of the CND symbol is housed in the Peace Museum in
Bradford lies at the heart of the City of Bradford, a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, in Northern England. It is situated in the foothills of the Pennines, west of Leeds, and northwest of Wakefield. Bradford became a municipal borough in 1847, and received its charter as a city in 1897...
, England.
Holtom later wrote to
Hugh Brock
Hugh Brock
Hugh Brock was a lifelong British pacifist, editor of Peace News between 1955 and 1964, a promoter of non-violent direct action and a founder of the Direct Action Committee, a forerunner of the Committee of 100....
, editor of
Peace News
Peace News
Peace News is a pacifist magazine first published on 6 June 1936 to serve the peace movement in the United Kingdom. From later in 1936 to April 1961 it was the official paper of the Peace Pledge Union , and from 1990 to 2004 was co-published with War Resisters' International.-History:Peace News was...
, explaining the genesis of his idea in greater depth: "I was in despair. Deep despair. I drew myself: the representative of an individual in despair, with hands palm outstretched outwards and downwards in the manner of Goya's
peasant before the firing squad
The Third of May 1808
The Third of May 1808 is a painting completed in 1814 by the Spanish painter Francisco Goya, now in the Museo del Prado, Madrid. In the work, Goya sought to commemorate Spanish resistance to Napoleon's armies during the occupation of 1808...
. I formalised the drawing into a line and put a circle round it." Ken Kolsbum, a correspondent of Holtom's, says that the designer came to regret the symbolism of despair, as he felt that peace was something to be celebrated and wanted the symbol to be inverted. Eric Austen is said to have "discovered that the 'gesture of despair' motif had long been associated with 'the death of man', and the circle with 'the unborn child'," possibly referring to images in
Rudolf Koch
Rudolf Koch
thumb|250px|[[Fraktur]] fonts by Rudolf KochRudolf Koch was a leading German calligrapher, typographic artist and teacher, born in Nuremberg. He was primarily a calligrapher with the Gebr. Klingspor foundry. He created several typefaces, in both fraktur and roman styles...
The Book of Signs
, (
Das Zeichenbuch
, 1923) an English edition of which had been published in 1955.
The symbol became the badge of CND and wearing it became a sign of support for the campaign for unilateral
nuclear disarmament
Nuclear disarmament
Nuclear disarmament refers to both the act of reducing or eliminating nuclear weapons and to the end state of a nuclear-free world, in which nuclear weapons are completely eliminated....
by Britain. An account of CND's early history described it as "a visual adhesive to bind the [Aldermaston] March and later the whole Campaign together ... probably the most powerful, memorable and adaptable image ever designed for a secular cause."
Not patented or restricted, the symbol spread beyond CND and was adopted by the wider anti-war movement. It became known in the United States in 1958 when
Albert Bigelow
Albert Bigelow
Albert S. Bigelow was a pacifist and former United States Navy Commander, who came to prominence in the 1950s as the skipper of the Golden Rule, the first vessel to attempt disruption of a nuclear test in protest against nuclear weapons.-Peace Movement:Prior to his involvement in the peace...
, a pacifist protester, sailed a small boat fitted with the CND banner into the vicinity of a nuclear test. Buttons with the symbol were imported into the United States in 1960 by Philip Altbach, a freshman at the
University of Chicago
University of Chicago
The University of Chicago is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller and incorporated in 1890...
. Altbach had traveled to
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
to meet with British peace groups as a delegate from the
Student Peace Union
Student Peace Union
Student Peace Union was a nationwide student organization active on college campuses in the United States from 1959 to 1964. Its national headquarters were located near the campus of the University of Chicago....
(SPU) and on his return he persuaded the SPU to adopt the symbol. Between 1960 and 1964 they sold thousands of the buttons on college campuses. By end of the decade it had become a generic peace sign, crossing national and cultural boundaries.
An article published in 1970 by the
John Birch Society
John Birch Society
The John Birch Society is an American political advocacy group that supports anti-communism, limited government, a Constitutional Republic and personal freedom. It has been described as radical right-wing....
claimed that the peace symbol had
Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
, anti-Christian,
Satanism is a group of religions that is composed of a diverse number of ideological and philosophical beliefs and social phenomena. Their shared feature include symbolic association with, admiration for the character of, and even veneration of Satan or similar rebellious, promethean, and...
and Nazi associations, a claim that has been repeated by Christian conservatives.
Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems...
, the peace symbol is U+262E:
, and can thus be generated in
HyperText Markup Language is the predominant markup language for web pages. HTML elements are the basic building-blocks of webpages....
by typing ☮ or ☮. However, internet browsers may not have a typeface that can display it.
The peace flag
The international peace flag in the colours of the rainbow was first used in Italy on a 1961 peace march from
Perugia is the capital city of the region of Umbria in central Italy, near the River Tiber, and the capital of the province of Perugia. The city is located about north of Rome. It covers a high hilltop and part of the valleys around the area....
- Churches :* The Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi is a World Heritage Site. The Franciscan monastery, il Sacro Convento, and the lower and upper church of St Francis were begun immediately after his canonization in 1228, and completed in 1253...
organised by the pacifist and social philosopher
Aldo Capitini
Aldo Capitini
Aldo Capitini was a leading Italian theorist of nonviolence, known as the "Italian Gandhi".-Introduction:Nonviolent methodologies were used effectively for the first time by Gandhi in South Africa and later in the fight for independence against the British Empire in the early 1940s...
(1899–1968). Inspired by the peace flags used on British peace marches, Capitini got some women of Perugia hurriedly to sew together coloured strips of material. The march has been repeated many times since 1961, the most recent in 2010. The original flag is kept by Capitini's collaborator, Dr. Lanfranco Mencaroni, at Collevalenza, near
Todi is a town and comune of the province of Perugia in central Italy. It is perched on a tall two-crested hill overlooking the east bank of the river Tiber, commanding distant views in every direction.In the 1990s, Richard S...
The flag commonly has seven
A rainbow is an optical and meteorological phenomenon that causes a spectrum of light to appear in the sky when the Sun shines on to droplets of moisture in the Earth's atmosphere. It takes the form of a multicoloured arc...
-colored stripes with the word "Peace" in the center. It has been explained as follows: "In the account of the Great Flood, God set the rainbow to a seal the alliance with man and nature, promising that there will never be another Flood. The rainbow thus became a symbol of Peace across the earth and the sky, and, by extension, among all men." The flag usually has the colours violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red from top to bottom, but some have the violet stripe below the blue one (as in the picture below) or a white one at the top. A picture of Capitini's first peace flag shows the colours red, orange, white, green, violet, indigo and lavender.
The use of the flag became widespread with the
Pace da tutti i balconi
("Peace from every balcony") campaign in 2002, a protest against the impending war in Iraq. In 2003, the Italian newspaper
Corriere della Sera
Corriere della Sera
The Corriere della Sera is an Italian daily newspaper, published in Milan.It is among the oldest and most reputable Italian newspapers. Its main rivals are Rome's La Repubblica and Turin's La Stampa.- History :...
reported the opinion of leading advertising executives that it had become more popular than the Italian national flag. In November 2009, a huge peace flag, 21m wide by 40m long, was made in
Lecce is a historic city of 95,200 inhabitants in southern Italy, the capital of the province of Lecce, the second province in the region by population, as well as one of the most important cities of Puglia...
Salento is the south-eastern extremity of the Apulia region of Italy. It is a sub-peninsula of the main Italian Peninsula, sometimes described as the "heel" of the Italian "boot"...
, by young members of "GPACE - Youth for Peace - Give Peace a Chance Everywhere".
The V sign
V sign
V sign
The V sign is a hand gesture in which the index and middle fingers are raised and parted, while the other fingers are clenched. It has various meanings, depending on the cultural context and how it is presented...
is a hand gesture, palm outwards, with the index and middle fingers open and all others closed. It had been used to represent victory during the Second World War. In protests in the USA against the
Vietnam War
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a Cold War-era military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of...
in the 1960s and in subsequent anti-war protests it was adopted by the
Counterculture is a sociological term used to describe the values and norms of behavior of a cultural group, or subculture, that run counter to those of the social mainstream of the day, the cultural equivalent of political opposition. Counterculture can also be described as a group whose behavior...
as a sign of peace. A photo of
John Lennon
John Lennon
John Winston Lennon, MBE was an English musician and singer-songwriter who rose to worldwide fame as one of the founding members of The Beatles, one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed acts in the history of popular music...
making this peace sign, taken by
Bob Gruen
Bob Gruen
Bob Gruen is an American photographer known for his rock 'n' roll photographs.Gruen was born in New York City. He began photographing rock stars with Bob Dylan and served as John Lennon's personal photographer during his time in New York City. Gruen is best known for his photograph of Lennon...
, has been made into a poster.
Paper Cranes
Crane (bird)
Cranes are a family, Gruidae, of large, long-legged and long-necked birds in the order Gruiformes. There are fifteen species of crane in four genera. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back...
, a traditional symbol of luck in
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, was popularized as a peace symbol by the story of
Sadako Sasaki
Sadako Sasaki
was a Japanese girl who was two years old when the atomic bomb was dropped on August 6, 1945, near her home by Misasa Bridge in Hiroshima, Japan. Sadako is remembered through the story of attempting to fold a thousand origami cranes before her death, a wish which was memorialized in popular...
(1943–1955), a girl who died as a result of the atomic bomb exploded over
is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshu, the largest island of Japan. It became best known as the first city in history to be destroyed by a nuclear weapon when the United States Army Air Forces dropped an atomic bomb on it at 8:15 A.M...
in 1945. According to the story, popularized through the book
Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes
Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes
Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes is a non-fiction children's book written by American author Eleanor Coerr and published in 1977.This true story is of a girl, Sadako Sasaki, who lived in Hiroshima at the time of the atomic bombing by the United States...
, in her last illness she started folding paper cranes, inspired by the Japanese saying that one who folded a thousand paper cranes was granted a wish.
Fire is used as a peace symbol in Japan, as, for example, in the Tōshō-gū shrine of the eternal flame of peace. (See Gallery).
A wordmark, word mark or logotype is a standardized text logo or graphic representation of the name of a company, institution, or product name used for purposes of identification and branding. A wordmark is usually a distinct text-only typographic treatment as can be found in the graphic identities...
of the three words, Hebrew word "
Shalom is a Hebrew word meaning peace, completeness, and welfare and can be used idiomatically to mean both hello and goodbye...
" (Hebrew: ), together with the Arabic "
Shin-Lamedh-Mem is the triconsonantal root of many Semitic words, and many of those words are used as names. The root itself translates as "whole, safe, intact".-Salam "Peace":...
" (Arabic: ) and the English word "peace" has been used as a peace symbol in the
Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and other places such as the USA. Shalom and Salaam mean "peace" and are
In linguistics, cognates are words that have a common etymological origin. This learned term derives from the Latin cognatus . Cognates within the same language are called doublets. Strictly speaking, loanwords from another language are usually not meant by the term, e.g...
s of each other, derived from the
In linguistics and ethnology, Semitic was first used to refer to a language family of largely Middle Eastern origin, now called the Semitic languages...
triconsonantal of
(realized in Hebrew as
Shin-Lamedh-Mem is the triconsonantal root of many Semitic words, and many of those words are used as names. The root itself translates as "whole, safe, intact".-Salam "Peace":...
and in Arabic as
Shin-Lamedh-Mem is the triconsonantal root of many Semitic words, and many of those words are used as names. The root itself translates as "whole, safe, intact".-Salam "Peace":...
). The symbol has come to represent peace in the Middle East and an end to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Wall plaques, signs, T-shirts, and buttons are sold with only those words.(See Gallery)
External links
Images of Peace
A Circle and Three Lines
The biography of the Peace Symbol by Ken Kolsbun
Happy Birthday Peace - celebrating 50 years of Gerald Holtom's peace symbol
World's best-known protest symbol turns 50
What is the origin of the peace symbol?
Teach Peace: Peace Symbol History
Unveiling of "Peace & Harmony", European Peace Monument – Dedicated to John Lennon
A British Museum expert's view of the CND badge
The Different Peace Flags of Pisa
Privacy Policy
Terms of Use


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On the way home from our vacation at Virginia Beach we decided to break up the long drive home with a little sight seeing. We stopped at the Lost World Caverns in Lewisburg, West Virginia since it was pretty much half way between the beach and home. A few hours before we arrived at the caverns I told Alleigh and Kaelyn what we would be doing and they responded with a "Nooooo we don't want to go in a cave!!!" and so I *may* have said something along the lines of "ok we won't do that then." But then we went anyway, I promise I'm not a mean mom…. I knew they would have fun once they got in the cavern and realized it wasn't dark, spooky, and full of bats. And I was right – for the most part. They did enjoy walking through and checking out all the cool formations, but they were a little unsure about the whole experience too. Regardless they weren't scared and it was a fun time for the entire family to share together.
Have you ever been in a cavern before?


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Work continues on the Free Form Crochet Shawl.
Back view -
Still a little bit more is needed on the bottom left of the piece, so that both sides are fairly equal in length and drape.
A closer shot of the middle part.
And a couple of flower style motifs of my own designing.
Happy Stitching


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Devenish Presentation Night
Coaches don't just teach young players to get better and achieve greater things on the field of play.
But they also help young players to become better people, according to Devenish chairman Tommy Mulrone at the club's well attended Presentation Night in the Gillaroo Centre, Garrison on Sunday night.
In a thoughtful address, the chairman paid tribute to all those who give of their time so freely to promote GAA in one of Fermanagh's most successful clubs.
In the 1960s, 1980s and early 1990s, Devenish took county championships as regularly as tea and have supplied several county players, the greatest of which was the legendary P T Treacy.
Silverware is not the only measure of success although the club's senior team finished in the semi-final of the Fermanagh SFL and Championship's and the U-10's won a tournament in Kinlough under the watchful eye of Cashel's ex senior star Sean Burns.
The Blues juniors also the Reserve Championship semi-final and were third in the League which shows a healthy consistency.
And Devenish decided to honour their local heroes by having Marty O'Brien, Barry Mulrone, Thomas Treacy and Peter Carty as their special guests.
And those three players are very key members of Peter McGrath's high flying Fermanagh side.
"Volunteerism and community spirit are very important and for me two of our highlights was the Five Miler for the late Maggie Gilroy which raised E5,000 for Autism.
"We also had an interesting Charity Match at Christmas for our Old Boys which raised E1700 for a Defibrillator in memory of the late Damian Dolan".
"We decided that we would have some of our own successful players and officials as special guests as these are the people that our youth look up to", said Tommy who was a well know dual player in the 1970s and 1980s.
The chairman also congratulated all the award winners and there was an extra big cheer when the very popular Bart O'Brien, for years the strong soft -spoken Devenish General picked up his Club Person of the Year Award.
Fermanagh's newly elected Central Council delegate Peter Carty told the large crowd that Devenish were lucky to have three great role models for the youth in their three Presidents Canon Patrick Lonergan (who scored a memorable hat-trick on an icy day against Newtownbutler in the 1960s) Michael Joe O'Brien and Jimmy Mulrone.
'These men kept the GAA alive in Devenish in very tough times and I would hold them up as an example to follow for the youth of this parish.
"The young people must know that they are the inheritors of a very proud tradition and I hope they will carry it forward in the future".


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The Ole Miss theater department's production of "The Laramie Project" on Tuesday night at the Meek Auditorium was disrupted by a group of rude students.
Many of whom, reportedly, were members of the Rebels football team, according to thedmonline.com.
An estimated 20 Ole Miss football players "openly disrespected and disrupted" the production, according to the report. Members of the audience became so disruptive that the actors and actresses even struggled completing the production. Some audience members used derogatory slurs, said the play's director and theater faculty member Rory Ledbetter, who called it "borderline hate speech."
"The football players were certainly not the only audience members that were being offensive last night," Ledbetter added. "But they were definitely the ones who seemed to initiate others in the audience to say things, too. It seemed like they didn't know that they were representing the university when they were doing these things."
Things got so disruptive that the play's house director, Lyda Phillips, reportedly called a football coach, who then called a member of the athletic department to come to the auditorium. When the department member arrived after the second act of the play, the football players apologized to the cast.
"The football players were asked by the athletics department to apologize to the cast," Ole Miss theatre department chair Rene Pulliam said. "However, I'm not sure the players truly understood what they were apologizing for."
One football player apologized on behalf of the team and it caused two cast members to cry. The players were in attendance because they are enrolled in a freshman-level theater course and are required to attend a certain number of plays, according to the report.
The Ole Miss athletics department issued no comment.
"I am extremely sorry to hear that this happened," said Ole Miss Dean of Students Sparky Reardon. "We are still looking into the specifics to determine what happened."
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1. An Introduction to Teaching ESL/EFL
Course Description
Would you like to increase your effectiveness as an English language teacher? Would you like to go beyond the well-known methods that often leave teachers frustrated with their one-size-fits-all approach? This course will take you on a fascinating exploration of what it means to be a teacher, how to understand who your students are and the needs they have, and how to choose the most appropriate materials and activities for your classroom. You'll learn how you can choose and fine-tune the principles that exactly fit your teaching situation.
During the next six weeks, we'll rethink the traditional native vs. non-native speaker distinction, see why teaching English is so different from teaching other subjects, and explore innovative approaches like Communicative Language Teaching and the lexical approach. You'll gain new insights and ideas for teaching vocabulary, grammar, listening, speaking, reading, and writing. You'll also discover what some of your options are in designing fair and accurate tests. And you'll learn how to keep learning and growing throughout your teaching career. Also, students who successfully complete this course will receive a TESOL Certificate of Completion.
So join us on this journey of becoming a more reflective and effective English language teacher!
Instructor: Tom Scovel
Dr. Tom Scovel is a professor at San Francisco State University, where he teaches courses as diverse as ESL Grammar and Psycholinguistics. Scovel was born and raised in China and attended high school in India before going to the United States for his university education. His research and teaching interests focus largely on language pedagogy, psycholinguistics, and second language acquisition, and he has published and spoken widely in these areas, including the text Learning New Languages by Heinle. In his free time, Scovel enjoys being with his grandchildren and training for triathlons.
Internet access, e-mail, the Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox Web browser, and the Adobe Flash and PDF plug-ins (two free and simple downloads you obtain at http://www.adobe.com/downloads by clicking Get Adobe Flash Player and Get Adobe Reader).
A new section of each course starts monthly. If enrolling in a series of two or more courses, please be sure to space the start date for each course at least two months apart.
All courses run for six weeks, with a two-week grace period at the end. Two lessons are released each week for the six-week duration of the course. You do not have to be present when lessons are released. You will have access to all lessons until the course ends. However, the interactive discussion area that accompanies each lesson will automatically close two weeks after the lesson is released. As such, we strongly recommend that you complete each lesson within two weeks of its release.
The final exam will be released on the same day as the last lesson. Once the final exam has been released, you will have two weeks to complete all of your course work, including the final exam.
Week 1
Wednesday – Lesson 01
Friday – Lesson 02
Week 2
Wednesday – Lesson 03
Friday – Lesson 04
Week 3
Wednesday – Lesson 05
Friday – Lesson 06
Week 4
Wednesday – Lesson 07
Friday – Lesson 08
Week 5
Wednesday – Lesson 09
Friday – Lesson 10
Week 6
Wednesday – Lesson 11
Friday – Lesson 12


text:
Recovery from Massanutten took longer than usual, both physically and mentally. I really didn't feel my body was back in full swing until running my next race at the Mt. Diablo 50K, three weeks later. It was the first truly warm weekend in the Bay Area which promised the usual hot temps heading up the mountain. Perhaps having been bested by the heat at MMT helped me out since I ended up having a relatively good race. In fact, due mainly to others suffering or dropping out from the conditions, I placed much better than expected.
My only real concerns at the time were trying to cool down and a bit of constipation. Shortly after leaving the aid station, the course turned onto a gravel road. I decided to duck into the trees on the right side to see if I could take care of at least one of my worries. With little success, I popped out a short while later and continued on down the road. I was feeling good on the easy, rolling, non-technical terrain. I didn't see any course markings, but since I hadn't seen any side trails, I figured there was no need.
The road ended. No flagging. No reflective strips. No trail, just a dead end. I won't commit into writing all the various curse words, but, believe me, I said them all. At that point I did my second stupid thing. I ran back, hard. I did check my GPS so I could see how many bonus miles I was logging. When I reached the missed trail-head it had been 1.8 miles from the end of the road –3.6 for the round trip. To add insult to injury, the trail was exactly on the opposite side of the road from where I'd ducked into the trees. What kind of dumb luck was that? And, speaking of dumb, I then went on to complete my trio of stupid things; I continued pushing the pace as I headed out onto this trail.
Once I reached the climb, I was forced to slow down allowing a couple of runners to pass me and providing me opportunity to regale with my tale of stupidity. I eventually hooked onto a couple of them and made it to the Visitor's Center aid station, mile 77. Despite what the official chart says, I actually did those 12 miles (should have been 8.4) at an 18:20 pace. According to my calculations I still believed I could target something in the 27 hour range. So, I went ahead and topped off all my stupid acts with one final display. I sucked down an Ensure, took some caffeine, ate bit more and then grabbed some chips to go for the steep climb to come.
My stomach was sloshing and I still felt warm despite the cooler temps, but I pressed on. Given what I'd been through and the food, I should have let digestion take its course. This peak was the top one of the course and I had visions of mostly downhill for the final 20 miles. The climbing became difficult and a few people passed me as I stopped for a couple of breathers. I was feeling a little dizzy. After clearing the rockiest section and heading onto a bit wider trail, I checked my elevation to see that I was nearly done with the hill. I stopped once more to catch my breath before the final push.
I went from hands on my knees, to on my hands and knees. First, retching, then gagging, then vomiting my guts out. I know there were at least a few people who got to enjoy the display as I answered the "you alright?" question more than once. After--I'm not sure how long--I finally got the convulsions to settle, but I had gone from being too warm to now shivering and chattering teeth. I got up and put on my jacket and headed up the trail. In shades of Western States, anything beyond a slow walking pace sent me right back over the edge.
I sat down on the side of the trail. Then, I lay down and closed my eyes. As if to punctuate my condition, it began to rain. Wallowing in self-pity, I knew my race was over. I eventually got to my feet and started the slow slog to the next aid station, the beginning of a longer, slower slog to come. My "race" was over, but the epic had just begun.


text: The focus in this week's study will be the call to personal holiness. It is critically important not to run off the rails here. Where many people go wrong is in thinking justification is by faith but sanctification is by works. 2 Peter 1:3 tells us otherwise . . . "His divine power has given us everything we need for life and godliness." Paul's letter to Titus tells us much the same in chapter 2 . . . "For the grace of God has appeared . . . training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions and to live self-controlled, upright and godly lives in the present age." So the principle of faith, of trusting in Christ, is not only necessary for our justification, it is also necessary for our sanctification. So when we talk about personal holiness it is important to never separate the call to holiness from the spiritual power God gives, otherwise, we have turned sanctification into works righteousness.


text:
One of the easiest and most enduring ways to support Calvary is through an Estate gift.
Many people choose to do this using their wills. This special gift is called a bequest. However, there are additional giving methods possible too. Planned gifts, often referred to as deferred gifts, offer creative ways for you to use the assets you have now to fund a gift for Calvary in the future. In some instances, these gift plans can reduce taxes and produce income for the donor.
To read about the Garetano family, click here.
To read about the Grossman family, click here.
Bequests and Planned Gifts
Voices of Calvary,
Stories of Calvary | Creative Ways to Give


text:
Hometown:Greensboro, NC
Secret Talent:I am a dedicated yogi
As a Senior Account Manager, Michelle harnesses a youthful drive and irresistible optimism to inspire and challenge the TG creative team. A new resident to the Wilmington area, Michelle recently relocated from Charlotte NC, where she worked at Wray Ward as Project Manager, overseeing a wide range of local and national clients. When she is not intently focused listening to clients, delegating tasks, managing deadlines, and developing compelling brand strategy that jumps off the page, Michelle spends her down time practicing yoga and boosting self-confidence in others by leading spin classes and other group exercises.
A graduate of Elon University with a B.A. in Strategic Communications, Michelle is a highly skilled, tech savvy marketer and a self-motivated, jack of all trades in the industry. Armed with a colorful collection of fine tip sharpies, a strong cup of coffee, and detailed daily to-do list, she hits her goals and gets the job done on time, every time. If she's not conversing with clients and writing proposals, you can find Michelle humming along to Michael Jackson classics and munching on her favorite sweet and salty snack – chocolate covered pretzels, naturally.


text:
SEOUL (Reuters) - U.S. Women's Open champion Park Sung-hyun closed with a pair of birdies to join Minjee Lee and Kim Min-sun at the top of the leaderboard on six-under par after the first round of the LPGA's $2 million KEB Hana Bank Championship in Incheon on Thursday.
World number two Park, playing in the marquee group alongside top-ranked South Korean compatriot Ryu So-yeon and number three Lexi Thompson, carded six birdies in a bogey-free round at the SKY72 Golf and Resort, west of Seoul.
American Thompson ended the day three strokes back after a 69 while world number one Ryu carded an even-par 72. Australia's Lee, meanwhile, offset two bogeys with eight birdies, while Korean Kim finished her round with five straight birdies.
Park has enjoyed an incredible rookie season in the United States and leads Ryu and Thompson on the official money list with almost $2 million from 18 events.
Playing in the same group as her closest rivals did not faze her in the slightest on Thursday, nor did the huge galleries following the trio despite the chilly weather.
"It is true that this morning was really cold. At one point it did cross my mind that there may not be many spectators today. I was quite surprised when I reached the first hole and saw the size of the crowd," she said.
"I can't speak for the other players from abroad, but I've never felt that it's uncomfortable to have a larger crowd. I think the larger the cheering is more fun for me, so I had a really good time out there today."
Spaniard Carlota Ciganda, who beat Alison Lee in a sudden death playoff to win the event last year, finished on even par with American Lee coming in at two-over par.
Reporting by Peter Rutherford; Editing by John O'Brien


text:
Join Rene, Dieter, The Cell Phone Junkie Mickey, and Chad for complete coverage of Apple's iPad introduction, the highlights, what we didn't get, and what it all means for the iPhone. Listen in!
Thanks to the the iPhone Blog Store for sponsoring the podcast, and to everyone who showed up for the live chat!
Our music comes from the following sources:


text:
International Needs has been involved on the ground in Bangladesh since 1974. Initially led by Rev. Smith Adhikary and now carried on by his son MacDonald (Mac), International Needs ministers to the people of Bangladesh in a variety of ways.
One of the primary focuses involves serving orphaned and vulnerable children. In areas of extreme poverty, children are at great risk of being abandoned, often leading them to resort to a life of crime and violence. International Needs is dedicated to stepping into children's lives before this takes place, giving them a safe place to learn and introducing them to the accepting arms of a Father who loves them unconditionally.
Donate to support ministry in Bangladesh.


text:
Tomb of Pope Alexander VII Chigi (r.1655-67)
Use of this work is restricted to the UNT Community. Off-campus users must log in to view.
Creation Information
Contact Us
Tomb of Pope Alexander VII Chigi (r.1655-67), artwork, 1672/1678; (digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc48595/: accessed February 20, 2019), University of North Texas Libraries, Digital Library, digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT College of Visual Arts + Design.


text:
Mr. Harlon Lampley, age 76 of White Bluff, died Saturday April 27, 2013 at his home in White Bluff. Funeral services for Mr. Harlon Lampley were held Tuesday, April 30, 2013 at 2 P.M. from the Chapel of the Taylor Funeral Home with Bro. David Peeler officiating. Burial followed in the Dickson County Memorial Gardens.
Survivors include his two daughters, Donna Kay Tidwell and her husband Mike of Dickson; Sherry Ann Swaw and her husband Tim of White Bluff; two brothers, Mike Lampley of Maryland; Jerry Lampley of White Bluff; one sister, Aarah Harlan of Kentucky; four grandchildren, Phillip Estes Jr.; Josh Estes; Katlin Estes; Neil Swaw; six great grandchildren, Austin; Audra; Hayden; Bella; John Wayne; Makayla; several nieces and nephews.
Taylor Funeral Home, Inc. has endeavored to provide the most up-to-date information for the families we serve. We trust that you will find the information listed on this website to be of value to you.


text:
Join me in my quest for a joyous life, adventures in thought, cooking and growing. Can 21st Century liberty support a poetic way of living, with all its dreams and vagueries, guided by a simple romantic heart?
Tuesday, 5 November 2013
I wonder how I'll transform
this idea
in to something which
others can
see, hear, feel
These red maps course around
secretly and in my roots
collapse, grow, percussive-like
fire lights through my eyes
to yours
to the world.
I wonder how I'll transform
this idea
while the Earth grumbles
oscillating between metaphor
and actual
wild fires burn the everglades
rivers rage like hormones
and we look at each other.
I wonder how I'll transform
this idea
through the smoking mirrors
that show my architecture
I have orbited the Sun
32 times
32 yarns I have told
knitted together for a future
as a present.
I wonder how I'll transform
this feeling
into skin that sits
watching like a dome of stars
I'm grateful for going through
the motions
The crickets' hindlegs are unaware
they're twitching.
The world is a pair of eyes
that sit on me
and the stool legs dig into soil
for answers
And we wait. Or we wait.
Then we wait
Like rotting wood on a beautiful boat.
Posted by Mark Charlton at 06:53
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text:
Associate; European Mid-Market Private Equity
- Competitive Base + Bonus
- London, England, United Kingdom
- Permanent, Full time
- Walker Hamill
- 25 Jan 19
Our client is a new European mid-market fund, raising €600m to invest in mid-market deals. With an experienced senior team already in place, they are now looking to add Associate and Senior Associate level professionals to their team in London.
The position will work within small, dynamic deal teams across research, origination, execution and portfolio management/monitoring. Candidates should possess strong quantitative skills as well as qualitative skills enabling them to undertake a high level of responsibility with respect to the screening of investment opportunities, modelling and execution. Associates will also take part in portfolio management and monitoring.
Candidates should ideally possess 2-3 years of experience in an investment banking environment, where they will have perfected financial modelling skills and also developed commercial awareness through client exposure on a range of transactions. The role will involve generalist sector coverage, on a pan-European basis, therefore European language skills are preferred, particularly Norwegian, Swedish, Danish, German, Italian or Spanish.


text:
If you're interested in attending a hands-on sushi making class or demo in the Dublin/ Kildare area please get in touch with me at email@example.com
The timetable of demonstrations at the Chef's Skillery including Darina Allen and Clodagh McKenna.
Photographer Harry Weir taking a photo of me with my sushi on the cover of FOOD&WINE Magazine.
Electrolux Taste Theatre which had cooking demos everyday. I really enjoyed the demo pictured below with Michel Roux Jr.
The crab cake from Clodagh's Kitchen was really fresh and tasty.
Taste of Thailand area with plenty of room to sit around and enjoy the atmosphere.
The Bite Project - Photography Exhibition including a photo of Dee Laffan editor of EasyFood Magazine.


text:
About Us
Our Work
Contact Us
Some of Our Clients
The following is a list of a few of our clients:
Nils Skiwear
Nils Skiwear is a leader in offering the finest, best fitting skiwear and resort sportswear within the snow sports industry. We have worked with Nils Skiwear since 2002 helping them to continually evolve their web site so that they can provide the best display of their products and to make sure anyone that visits their site and like a product can have an avenue to purchase the product. The site gets real-time inventory of all their online retailers. When a user likes particular style color and size, the user is able to go directly to a retailer's web site and purchase that product.
Work for client
Web Development
Flash, PHP, ASP, ASP.net
Customised Analytics
Pandora Jewelry and Beads
Pandora is recognized by their high end fashion Beads and Jewelry. We built them an eCommerce application that allows customers to create a wish list, send ecards and most importantly buy products securely. The entire site is controlled through a custom admin interface that allows them to add/edit and delete products, maintain orders and customers.
Work for client
Web Development
Flash, XML, ASP.net, ASP, PHP
SQL Server, MySQL
E-cards Feature
Usability testing
Content Management System
Customised Analytics
Search Engine Optimization
CG Commercial
CG Commercial Finance provides middle and large ticket capital equipment financing. We built a custom Content Management System (CMS), so that administrators could add/edit and delete any page of the web site.
Work for client
Web Development
Flash, PHP, ASP, ASP.net
SQL Server
Customised Analytics
Embee Inc.
Embee is a full-service, single-source provider to the aerospace industry, offering more than 70 metal finishing, inspection and testing processes to the aerospace industry. This site showcases the products, processes and philosophy that define the company. Simple graphic design and navigation help users find the information they want to help them make a buying decision.
Work for client
Web Development
SQL Server
Flash, ASP.net
Search Engine Optimization
Customised Analytics
California State Parks
California State Parks and Recreations: The Department of Parks and Recreations (DPR) Training Tracking database system is a complex database application. The system allows for multi-user input of data, allowing for the generation of various reports to track all 6000 plus DPR employee training profiles, requirements, and notifications. The highest level of security is maintained throughout the site to protect the highly sensitive data such as Police Officer Training Information. This solution allows for all employees to view their individual training records and when they expire. Managers and Supervisors in turn are now able to view their subordinate training records to ensure compliance saving time and money for the Department.
This project cannot be viewed by the general public.
California State Parks and Recreations Dive Team Intranet Application:
The State Dive team required a place where all dive members could easily enter dive data to preserve records and maintain data integrity. Data collected was always late, easily lost and very inaccurate prior to this system. A result of this system the entire operations have been stream-lined, records are more accurate and dive members have become more responsible for their status as a dive team member. In addition, State controllers are now able to view up-to- date information about the dive program.
This project cannot be viewed by the general public.
Work for client
Web Application Development
ASP, ASP.net, SQL server
Customized Reporting
Usability testing
Content Management System
Customised Analytics
Partial Client List
Panasonic: Avionics Corporation (The Future of In-Flight Entertainment)
Embee, Inc
Brand Model & Talent
Vitamin A Swim
Wood Ranch American Restaurant and Catering
Honolua Surf
88 Orange
Targus, Inc (Intranet web application)
Toshiba Corporation
Kustom Footwear
Enhanced Network Systems
Opremus Asset Management
Beach Fire: A California Bar & Grill
Innes Clothing
Pandora Jewelry
Mareblu Naturals
Ascension Press
Warner Bros (Intranet web application)
US Ocean Safety
(Intranet web application)
Endless Summer Surf Camp
Kelea Surf Spa
Woodside Credit
Alexion Pharmaceuticals (Intranet web application,web hosting)
State of California:
State Parks Employee Training Management System (Intranet web application)
Fairview Developmental Center (Intranet web application)
Air Resources Board
Dive Team (Intranet web application, web hosting)
Content Management System
Test drive our Content Management System (CMS) and see how easy it is to create your own web page using our powerful and proven technology.
Learn More
About Us
Our Work
Contact Us
Web Hosting
Web Programming
.asp.net and .php
Flash and multimedia
Read Mores »
Case Studies
California State Parks ETMS
California Dive Team
US Ocean Safety


text: I met this amazing family for pictures on one of the most perfect days I could remember photographing. The sun was out, the air was just the right temperature, and we felt very lucky. Baby S was slow to warm up to me, which made for some adorable pouty expressions in the beginning, especially with those lips. She didn't quite know what to think about the photographer lady with big ole camera in tow. But… after some silliness on my part, she was all smiles and giggles. The whole family was awesome to work with and when I looked at these portraits, I could almost feel that warm sun and perfect day all over again.