text:
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Louisiana State University
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Recommended Citation
Koay, Kheng K.; and LeDee, Mikel. "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asia and the West." CLCWeb: Comparative
Literature and Culture 15.2 (2013): <http://dx.doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.2229>
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Abstract: In their article "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asia and the West" Kheng
K. Koay and Mikel LeDee examine Tony Prabowo's Pasar Loak (Flea Market) for soprano and
percussions and Chinary Ung's Grand Alap (A Window in the Sky). Composers Prabowo and Ung adopt
modernist techniques from Western and traditional Asian music cultures in their compositions. Koay
and LeDee explore aspects which broaden the presentation of sound in the two selected compositions
and the background influences of Western and Asian music on the two composers. Prabowo and Ung
absorb new experiences and embrace music that excites them and Prabowo, especially, uses different
musical techniques which range from the early to late twentieth century. Ung, on the other hand,
incorporates musical idioms from different cultures such as India and Japan in his compositions. The
two compositions not only challenge their audiences with new listening experiences, but also illustrate
hybrid music between Asia and the West.
Kheng K. Koay and Mikel LeDee, "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asian and the West" page 2 of 8
CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 15.2 (2013): <http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweb/vol15/iss2/19>
Thematic Issue Asian Culture(s) and Globalization. Ed. I-Chun Wang and Li Guo
In this article, we examine musical works by Tony Prabowo, an Indonesian composer and Chinary
Ung, a Cambodian-born US-American composer. Both Prabowo's Pasar Loak (Flea Market) and Ung's
Grand Alap (A Window in the Sky) incorporate modernist techniques from Western with traditional
Asian music. With the expansion of technology and global economies over the last twenty years,
Asian-based entrepreneurs extended businesses and partnerships to the Western world. Social and
cultural interactions also became closer between Asians and Westerners as a result of increased trade
and the development of internet communication technology. As Razia Sultanova writes, "today the
West and East have become closer than we think: different countries and cultures are now interacting
in ways ranging from (and simultaneously interleaving) conflict to economic union" (133), Margaret J.
Kartomi asserts that "it is highly doubtful that any completely isolated cultures exist in the world
today. Thus, there is a strong likelihood that all musics are syntheses of more than one cultural
influence" (230), and William H. Frederick claims that in Indonesia an "increasing large number of
Indonesians of all social and economic classes not only have access to world culture, but are cultural
tourists in their own nation, even their own region" (77). As a result, one is consistently challenged by
cross-cultural and global thinking. With regard to music specifically, Kartomi suggests that "The use of
foreign musical traits in a new context automatically implies that new musical and extra-musical
meanings are attached to them, and innovative composers or other individuals in question do not
necessarily understand these meanings in their native context, nor do they, of course, need to" (236).
Similarly, Bruno Nettl wrote that "If a Western violin is found to be used in Indian music, even though
its sound is hardly Western any more, it is difficult to escape the conclusion of Western influence, the
violin having been brought from Europe, and at least some European violin music having been heard
by Indians. But if we are fairly good at measuring musical relationships of style and perhaps
instruments at least impressionistically, this is less the case for institutions and events, to say nothing
of ideas about music" (369).
Asian composers are exposed to Western and world music by studying abroad and through local
networks. The creation of the internet, compact discs, and other new media shape the music in every
part of Asia. Martin Stokes writes that "The major recording corporations no longer are considered the
only site of agency in the global circulation of musical style. A number of analyses stress the
importance of state, civic, and other institution sponsors of world music scenes, radio and television
broadcasting, small independent record labels, academic ethnomusicology programs, civic exchanges
and concert-promoting organizations" (50). Music from different parts of the world are available at
record shops, and radio and television broadcasts serve as powerful tools to connect viewers with
foreign-derived music cultures. Given the ethnic diversity of audiences, private television stations
often include a mix of local and foreign musical programs for entertainment. Magazines increasingly
feature local as well as Western and world music columns. Not surprisingly, most Asian composers
approach contemporary music writing with diverse cultural groundings. Asian music that shows a
synthesis of East and West has also increasingly made its presence in concert halls and on compact
discs. The Planet Gamelan festival, held in 1993 at Dartmouth College, included performances ranging
from traditional Balinese and Javanese gamelan music to contemporary compositions by Indonesian
and US-American composers. The Asian Contemporary Music Festival of 2009 held in Seoul and the
2010 Asian Music Festival at Tokyo University of the Arts each featured Asian contemporary and
traditional music. These concerts represent an up-date of contemporary music from the West and East
and also provide for a genuine interchange of musical ideas. Indeed, globalization has inspired new
developments in Asian art and music.
There are various methods of writing music that represent composers' own musical traditions and
at the same time demonstrate the influence of Western and Asian musical cultures. In most cases,
composers incorporate Western musical elements and techniques, especially modernist techniques,
into their music and thus transform their own styles and musical cultures into new and modern
qualities: "Contemporary music embodies not just one but a number of trends in music whose
common bond is their radical break with some vital aspects of traditions of the past a break
Kheng K. Koay and Mikel LeDee, "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asian and the West" page 3 of 8
CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 15.2 (2013): <http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweb/vol15/iss2/19>
Thematic Issue Asian Culture(s) and Globalization. Ed. I-Chun Wang and Li Guo
encouraged by the belief that the contemporary composer must live in his (sic) own twentieth century
world of ideas and developments in science, and respond, in some measure, to trends in intercultural
communications" (Nketia 81). Both Prabowo and Ung have been exposed to Western music culture in
their creative careers and have incorporate many styles. Ung studied in Columbia University and spent
most of his time in the U.S. teaching composition. Prabowo was exposed to Western art music while
studying at the Institute of the Arts in Jakarta. In their compositions, Prabowo and Ung not only
absorb new experiences and embrace music that excites them, but they also reveal new perspectives
in their music. While Prabowo uses different musical techniques ranging from the early to late
twentieth century and native instruments in his music which carry symbols of the composer's national
identity, Ung incorporates musical idioms from different cultures such as India and Japan in his
compositions. Both compositions are concerned with sound colors and in order to appreciate the
techniques which highlight different cultures, it is essential to know the composers' backgrounds.
Prabowo was born in 1956 in Malang, East Java. He studied Javanese gamelan and dance at the
Institute of the Arts in Jakarta, began his violin lessons in the 1970s, and studied European and US-
American contemporary compositional techniques by listening to recordings and studying scores. In 1996,
Prabowo formed The New Jakarta Ensemble and the group explored both Indonesian and Western
musical culture and played a wide variety of music. He also created works for performances, dance, film
and multimedia. His interest in a broad range of music extends from works by contemporary Asian
composers Tan Dun, Somei Satoh, and Bun Ching Lam to the Viennese School of Webern and Schoenberg
to Hindemith, Bartk, Stravinsky, Bach, and Debussy. For example, in his 1998 Commonality I for viola
and prerecorded tape, for example, Prabowo explores the electronic acoustic sound and uses 12 tone
rows. Besides the experiments in modernist music, Prabowo uses traditional music such as gamelan. For
instance, his 1996 Autumnal Steps: Homage to Toro Takemitsu integrates musical idioms from gamelan
musical traditions and Western atonal compositional techniques and his 1996 Pasar Loak also shows a
combination of Western and non-Western musical techniques and instruments.
Prabowo's music has become an increasingly challenging business and has attracted much
attention from the world. To many music critics, Prabowo is "unique in composing for both Western
and Indonesian ensembles" (Gluck <http://cec.sonus.ca/econtact/11_3/indonesia_gluck.html>) and
many claim that he is one of Indonesia's most distinguished composers and a significant force in
Indonesian modern music. Many also see him as "a 'Western-style' composer in Indonesia and an
'Indonesia' composer abroad" ("Understanding" <http://www.shaksfin.de/artists-
productions/classical-music/composer/tony-prabowo/>). Since the 1980s Prabowo has been building
an international acclaim with his music being performed internationally. For example, his 1999 opera
The King's Witch was performed by the New Juilliard Ensemble in Alice Tully Hall at Lincoln Center in
2000, the Requiem for Strings (1988) was performed by the Tanglewood Festival under composer-
conductor Tan Dun in 1998 and by the Deutsche Kammer Philharmonie Bremen on their 1999
Indonesian tour, and The Ritual of Solomon's Children was presented at the New York International
Festival of Arts in 1988. Prabowo has also received awards from Meet the Composer, the Ford
Foundation, and the Asian Cultural Council, and his first choral work Meditation on Lu Xun II (2000)
won first prize at the Choir Festival in Linz in 2000.
Pasar Loak was inspired by Goenawan Mohamad's poem "Di Pasar Loak" ("At the Flea Market").
The poem reflects on grief and feelings of loss. The language of the song is Indonesian and the
abstracted instrumental sound produced by some of the gamelan instruments depict the environment
and atmosphere of the flea market. The significance of Pasar Loak lies both in the sounds and in the
integration of emotion of the text into sound phenomena. Dynamic shaping in a unique vocal singing
style is what produces affect here. One finds a great deal of Western influence in the composition and
it is not difficult for the audience to identify the sound sources and hence to trace them to a cultural
frame of reference. Part of the reason for this is that in addition to the use of a Western drum set
such as a ride cymbal, floor tom, toms, bass drum, snare drum and hi-hat Prabowo uses traditional
local instruments often found in Javanese gamelan music such as the kempul, kendang, and gong.
Prabawo uses Western instruments purely for musical reasons to produce sound color: these
instruments do not carry any extra-musical meaning in the piece. At the same time, employing
Western instruments together with local instruments provides a rich sound palette to the piece.
The composition was performed by The New Jakarta Ensemble led by Prabowo. Siam Records in
New York recorded the piece in 1998. The composition is a stage work cast by Jujuk Prabowo
Kheng K. Koay and Mikel LeDee, "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asian and the West" page 4 of 8
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Thematic Issue Asian Culture(s) and Globalization. Ed. I-Chun Wang and Li Guo
(filmography) and performed by Linda Hoemar (dancer), Nyak Ina Raseuki (aka Ubiet) (solo singer),
and five percussionists. Prabowo uses human-made ambient sounds of the flea market to explore
deeper expressive meaning of the poem. In his music review of Pasar Loak, Idrus F. Shahab writes
that the text articulation in the music is sensitive and flexible: "In his composition Pasar Loak, Tony
exhibited faithfulness to text, even to the extent of presenting an atmosphere of the busy flea market
with the sounds of clanging glasses and fighting cats. Tony was faithful to the text, but he also
maintained his independence. When the desire to be independent is stronger than to be faithful, an
artist would even more loudly proclaim his independence, which is unrelated to the meaning of the
word in literature, including his independence to create musical "words" and interpretation by the
listeners of these words" (<http://magz.tempo.co/konten/2005/02/15/MS/8232/Tony-the-
Indefatigable/24/05>). Prabowo's skill at integrating these apparently dissonant sources produces
Among the many of his sources, the singing in the piece is clearly a Western influence. Even if the
listener does not pay attention to the use of traditional instruments in the music, the unique singing
technique reminds one of a vocal technique Sprechstimme in Schoenberg's compositions and
such a vocal technique is also demonstrated in Prabowo's Commenality II. In Pasar Loak, Prabowo's
musical setting is sensitive to the mood of the text and expresses every passing twist of emotion in
the immensely concentrated language of the poem. However, the composition does not embrace the
Western musical concept of harmony or of rhythmic control through meter and seems like an
improvisation. There is no score for the percussionists and the presentation of the music is based on
the collaboration of performers. This freedom of interpretation given to each performer is drawn from
the traditional performing styles that are commonly found in traditional gamelan compositions (Warde
120). As Anderson Sutton claims, the "Javanese did not begin to notate gamelan music for over half a
century after 1820" (67). Indeed, the preservation of traditional music culture in Indonesia remains
important for Prabowo. To some extent, in his music Prabowo also stresses the image of traditional
music making and gamelan performance: the performers are presented as if they are performing for
local events and festivals, they wear batik (the traditional fabric of Indonesia), and some
percussionists are sitting on the floor with their drums.
Pasar Loak begins with traditional percussion sounds: bronze-sounding instruments in bell shapes,
kenong-s and kempul-s (gongs). The leather-head drum is used to punctuate the opening of each
stanza of the poem and marks the division of music common in traditional Indonesian music: "pitch
does not function here to mark levels of subdivision the function of kempul and kenong is to mark
specific levels of subdivision" (Hoffman 84). Moreover, the textural layer both increases in intensity as
the music progresses and creates a sense of direction toward the climax bringing a sense of closure at
the end of the piece. While the texture thins out towards the end, the music does not function as an
accompanying part to the vocal line as one would find in the traditional Lied. Rather, it serves as the
background music. There is also a moment when the complex and layering of sound drumming is
reminiscent of African drumming. However, the insertion of drumming passage is to provide a visual-
sonic effect with the presentation of a scene of Chinese Shaolin martial arts demonstration. Indeed, it
is not only Western influence found in Prabowo's music: one also witnesses multiple cross-cultural
influences. Also, his use of modern dance choreography instead of local traditional dance is employed
along with the music thus creating a unique combination of a "multicultural" idea in the performance.
Other Western musical influence can also be seen in Prabowo's use of modernist sound color after the
"Morse code, Save Us, S.O.S." Although Prabowo uses no electronic instruments, he produces electric
sound through the technique of simultaneously bowing against hi-hats by different players. The sonic
effect is similar to the sound mass that reminds one of Pendercki's Trenody for the Victims of
Hiroshima and the wailing sirens during the war.
Ung, on the other hand, works from different traditions. Born in Takeo, Cambodia in 1942, Ung
was was not exposed to Western music until he was a teenager: "During my time in the sixties, I
encountered the first classical performance when the New York Woodwind Quintet came to Cambodia
and they played the first movement of Mozart. And I was 19 already I had no knowledge about
classical music" (Carone and Cavanaugh <http://www.kpbs.org/news/2010/aug/16/summerfest-
artists-perform-live-wu-man-christopher/>). Ung's father played several Cambodian instruments and
Kheng K. Koay and Mikel LeDee, "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asian and the West" page 5 of 8
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Thematic Issue Asian Culture(s) and Globalization. Ed. I-Chun Wang and Li Guo
his family often performed informally at home. Upon graduating from the Ecole de Musique Phnom
Penh music school in Cambodia, Ung went to the United States in 1964 on an Asia Foundation
scholarship to study clarinet at New York's Manhattan School of Music. In 1974, he received a
doctorate in music composition at Columbia University, where his principal teacher was Wen-Chung
Chu, a Chinese American composer. Ung's music has received many awards including the prestigious
Grawemeyer Award in 1989 for his Inner Voices and the Friedheim Award in 1989 for Spiral (1987).
He was also offered numerous commissions. For example, his Formless Spiral was commissioned by
the La Jolla Music Society Summer Fest and the Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival in 2010, In
Memoriam was commissioned by the Connections Chamber Music Series of California and the New
Zealand Trio in 2011, a viola concerto was commissioned by the S.E.M. Ensemble in 2012, Spiral VI
(1992) was commissioned by Harold Newman for the Aeolian Chamber Players in 1992, and Spiral XIV
was commissioned by Zeitgeist. Ung's music has also been performed widely: Spirals VI was
performed by Continuum as part of a Fromm Music Foundation concert at Harvard University in 2010,
O Cambodia was performed as part of the 2011 Auckland Arts Festival, After Rising Light was
performed at California State University Santa Barbara in collaboration with the Asian Young Musicians
Connection in 2011, and Angkor Tribute to the Masters was a concert at Angkor Wat-Bayon Temple in
Cambodia, celebrating 900 years of Cambodian music in 2011.
Ung's music reflects different Western musical influences. For example, Guy Rickards writes that
Ung's Sipral VI "is an emerald its soulful Asian melodies merge seamlessly into an evocative, mid-
European sound world that recalls a wealth of music from the early decades of the last century" (83).
His Seven Mirrors (1997), reminiscent of Debussy's music, uses pentatonic scales to provide an
impressionist atmosphere. According to Edward Green, the early period of Ung's music was modernist
dominated, and it was when Ung intensely engaged with the reality of the Cambodian Holocaust that
he developed a unique and personal style (<http://newmusicon.org/index.php/2009/02/25/center-
stage-the-cambodian-aesthetics-of-a-spiral-composer/>). Indeed, the composer felt a strong desire to
preserve his regional identity: not only does he employ musical sources from Cambodia in his music,
but he also immerses himself in the music of his homeland learning to play the roneat ek, a
Cambodian xylophone.
Beginning in the 1990s, Ung's music tends to be more eclectic. In a music review of Ung's
Antiphonal Spirals (1995), Josef Woodard writes that "In this excitingly dense yet also
impressionistic work, Ung is also tinkering with layerings and orchestral colors, exploring new ways
of dealing with the institution of the Western symphony orchestra. The final result sounds almost
Ivesian albeit with an Asian sensibility in its rippling, multidimensional surface, paring down, in
the end, to a single note (<http://articles.latimes.com/1995-11-20/entertainment/ca-
5222_1_symphony-orchestra>). Ung's music reflects different stylistic influences and draws on a wide
range of Eastern musical traditions and techniques and Western musical idioms.
In his discussions of compositional writings, Ung says that "composition is a Western tool, so you
have to be trained in this tool. But then you have to be liberated from the training. That is the spiritual
direction that I propose you should take" ("Rain"
<http://www.futureasia.net/malaysiancomposers/focus/focus13_chinaryung.htm>). Ung's music at
some level often provides a taste of Asian music and he sais that "in metaphor, if East is yellow and
West is blue, then my music is green" (Rickards 83). For example, of Ung's Khse Buon (four strings), a
one-movement work from 1980 for solo viola, Edward Green notes that "one cannot say if this is
avant-garde music, or music which is enduringly traditional. It is at once Cambodian in its primal
vocabulary, and yet syncretic, making use not only of the resources of 20th-century modernism but
also of the tonal and temporal concepts of Indian, Japanese, and Indonesian music doing so,
moreover, in a manner that is deeply integrated" (Green). It comes as no surprise, then, that the
composer incorporated musical idioms of Cambodian into the composition, since generally composers
tend to trace their origins to distant lands and make contact with their cultures. In addition, in a music
review, William Matthews comments that Ung's Khse Buon shows "a strong, sustained, and sonically
rich solo for cello that frequently evokes Indian and Asian musical techniques" (Matthews, 62). Much
of Ung's music incorporates voices, such as Spiral II (1989), Grand Alap (1996), and Spiral XI (2007).
Ung's blurring of the instrumental and the vocal has been influential. In a music review, Thomas May
Kheng K. Koay and Mikel LeDee, "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asian and the West" page 6 of 8
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Thematic Issue Asian Culture(s) and Globalization. Ed. I-Chun Wang and Li Guo
comments on the intention of Ung's "blurring" the distinction between instrumentalist and vocalist,
and his use of vocal techniques such as whistling and chanting in Spiral XII (2008), a piece for chorus,
instrumental ensemble and dancers and vocal soloists: "Ung's intention is to create an ambient that
takes listeners beyond the walls of the concert hall, as if they are participating in a village ritual"
Grand Alap is written for one amplified female cello player and one male percussionist, each of
whom has a vocal part attached to their instrumental parts. The preface of the score states that the
opening passage of Grand Alap "serves as a kind of ritual offering to all surrounding spirits and is a
request for permission to begin the performance. This practice has occurred in the music-making
practices of cultures throughout parts of Asia for many centuries, including Cambodia" (Grand Alap):
the performers sing in phonemes that are derived from regions of South and Southeast Asia, while
others resemble words in a few ancient languages, and "a few words have meaning in the Khmer
(Cambodian) language, which derives from Pali and Sanskrit: 'Soriya' is the sun, 'Mekhala' is the
goddess of water, and the words 'Mehta/Karina' refer to the concept of greater compassion" (Grand
Alap). The work was commissioned by Maya Beiser and Steven Schick for the Meet the
Composer/Reader's Digest Commission Program. The world premier of the composition was on 6
November 1996 in Sacramento at the Festival of New American Music. The title of the work derives
from the opening, improvisatory passage of Indian Raga music, the alap: used "to display
improvisational materials which relate to the music that will follow, yet it contains a deep expressivity"
(Grand Alap). The subtitle of the composition, "A Window in the Sky," was inspired by a verse from an
Indian poem in Rabindranath Tagore's Song Offerings and this shows Ung's interest in world music.
The subtitle also refers to "the recent discovery of hundreds of newly found galaxies, and perhaps
relates to the expository quality of the work and its expansiveness" (Grand Alap).
Grand Alap has received positive receptions. For instance, in a record review Guy Rickards writes
that "in Grand Alap, a bracing duo for amplified cello and a battery of percussion, what sound like
more traditional Asian musical sounds, rub shoulders with gestures not uncommon in more avant-
garde Western scores, such as the syllabic vocalizations of the two performers" (84). In a music
review, Naomi Parley writes that "Ung merges this Indian concept with musical materials derived from
the traditions of South and Southeast Asia, to create a work of great beauty and intense emotion"
(<http://www.pamelaz.com/AdvocateJulliard.html>). Other personal evaluations of the composition
include Judith Page, an art critic, who says that "Chinary Ung's visually dynamic page, Grand Alap, is
equally a painting and compositional notation"
There are three layers to Grand Alap: cello, voice, and percussion instruments. It is linear with
complex rhythmic activity and a highly developed treatment of compositional techniques. Its motivic
design and structure owe much to compositional styles of post-war modernists. Thus, the music does
not show any predictable direction. In addition, Grand Alap is notated in modernist styles found in the
music of people such as Crumb and Stockhausen. The music also demonstrates constant changing
meters in both irregular and regular time signatures such as 1/8, 2/8, 5/16, 2/8, 6/16, 3/8. In
addition, Western modernists' extended vocal techniques such as whistling, humming, speaking,
and singing in syllables along with other techniques such as the use of quarter tones, cluster tones
and snap pizzicato are incorporated. The use of phonetic singing can also be seen in his early 1970
composition Tall Wind. Like much of Ung's music, and as noted in the preface to the score Grand Alap,
the vocal lines in the composition have several functions: the vocal lines are used to extend
instrumental sounds or vice-versa and at times they are interlocked with instrumental sounds. Despite
the experimental handling in the composition, the music relates with pictorial imagines: "Instrumental
display is continuous throughout the piece, while the voices can be said to contribute dots and dashes,
or curves of expressive colors in a painting which emerge out of the canvas. Here, the surface of the
canvas is represented by the ever-present instrumental sonority" (Grand Alap).
Like Prabowo, Ung incorporates traditional instruments such as the Javanese gong, the Thai gong,
and the hand drum in the composition for sound effects. Moreover, there are moments where Ung
searches for new listening experiences and the combination of phonetic singing and instrumental
melodic lines give an impression of, and remind one of, music cultures of Japanese classic dance-vocal
Kheng K. Koay and Mikel LeDee, "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asian and the West" page 7 of 8
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Thematic Issue Asian Culture(s) and Globalization. Ed. I-Chun Wang and Li Guo
and Indian music. The five tones A-B flat-D-E-G employed in the marimba share four similar pitches
found in the Japanese iwato scale of A-B flat-D-E flat-G. The five pitches are scattered and they can
be seen in the cello part as well and give a hint of Japanese music. However, Ung approaches it on a
level such that he might create his own contemporary musical idioms. Further, the use of the hand
drum at the beginning and ending to accompany the phonetic singing are reminiscent of the sound
texture commonly found in Indian dance-song music such as the Om Shivoham composed by Ilayaraja
(an Indian composer who was the first Asian to score for a symphony for the London Philharmonic
Orchestra). The vocal parts of Grand Alap are narrow in pitch range, fragmented, and are usually
centered on several repeated pitches, giving the intervals of a half-tone, whole tone, thirds, and
fourths. It is a piece that shows multi-cultural influence in Western contemporary music presentation.
What we demonstrate here is that globalization has caused social transformations exemplified in
music. In many ways, world musical genres and Western art musical idioms have smoothly adapted to
the new environment. This in turn has led to composers integrating a worldwide range of musical
cultures in their compositions: both Probowo and Ung have absorbed a wide range of influences. Their
music makes constant reference to the combination of Western and Asian musical cultures, combining
if not balancing the two. Indeed, the musical idioms used in the two compositions reflect the various
musical influences on the composers, despite the fact that their music shows strong Western musical
influences. In Pasar Loak, Prabowo's expressionism speaks to us as a musical language in the spirit of
crossed cultures in our time. The composer experiments with new combinations of traditional and
Western percussion instruments, as well as with idioms. Using traditional instruments is a way to
adapt to the local environment and Prabowo comes close to translating the spirit of poetry into music.
The vocal part conjures up a powerful image of despair. The music contributes powerfully to the
overall meaning of the poem and captures the sound-scape of the flea market and Prabowo uses both
Western and local sound colors to invoke the audience's imagination. Musically despite the use of
modernist vocal techniques and Western instruments the overall sound does not change its
direction to Western music: Prabowo is able to provide a sense of the local in the composition. Despite
the fact that the vocal techniques used are abandoned by many contemporary composers in Europe,
the combination of a variety of techniques such as "electronic" texture and local sound colors in the
composition provide a different approach to music. One cannot help but think that Prabowo searches
for a true modern Indonesian art music culture and he relates to his audiences in his own environment
no matter what he does with the Western experience. Similarly, there is an imaginative experimental
spirit found in Grand Alap. Ung captures something essential about the quality of sound color in his
music. The overlapping in cultures is also illustrated in his use of Khmer language and other phonemes
derived from Southeast Asia. The music is modern, yet not without Cambodian familiarity. The
primary concern for the composer is to make his own voice and Ung's originality lies in the fusion of
Asian musical flavor, postwar modernist textures, and idioms in the composition. Perhaps, as S. Firth
puts it, hybridity is "the new authenticity" (305). Ung employs simultaneously three different musical
idioms without falling into any individual ethnic musical authenticity. He makes creative use of voices
and different techniques and musical materials to generate a unique sound that provides a sense of
visual effect through hearing. The functions of voice in the music have become the compositional style
of the composer. In Grand Alap we hear how Ung anticipates Asian musical culture in a Western
musical style and his music challenges contemporary audience.
In conclusion, despite the differences in approach to music between the two composers, one finds
strands of continuity in their attempt to compose cross-cultural and universal music and it is precisely
this musical language that makes their music interesting. Seen in the two examples discussed, the
two compositions challenge their audiences with new listening experiences and serve as the
foundation for the development of hybrid music between the West and Asia andlead us to alternative
uses of compositional writings and sources.
Works Cited
Carone, Angela, and Maureen Cavanaugh. "Summerfest Artists Perform Live: Wu Man, Christopher O'Riley and
Jimmy Lin." kpbs.org (16 August 2010): <http://www.kpbs.org/news/2010/aug/16/summerfest-artists-
Kheng K. Koay and Mikel LeDee, "Crossed Boundaries in Musical Culture between Asian and the West" page 8 of 8
CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 15.2 (2013): <http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweb/vol15/iss2/19>
Thematic Issue Asian Culture(s) and Globalization. Ed. I-Chun Wang and Li Guo
Frederick, William H. "Dreams of Freedom, Moments of Despair: Armijn Pan and the imagining of modern
Indonesian culture." Imagining Indonesia: Cultural Politics and Political Culture. Eds. Jim Schiller and Barbara
Martin-Schiller. Athens: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 1997. 54-89.
Frith, S. "The Discourse of World Music." Western Music and its Others: Difference, Representation and
Appropriation in Music. Ed. G. Born and D. Hesmondhalgh. Berkeley: U of California P, 2000. 305-22.
Gluck, Bob. "Electronic Music in Indonesia." cec.sonus.ca (2013):
Green, Edward. "Center Stage: The Cambodian Aesthetics of a 'Spiral Composer.' An Introduction to the Music of
Chinary Ung." New Music Connoisseur: The Magazine Devoted to the Contemporary Music Scene (25 February
2009): <http://newmusicon.org/index.php/2009/02/25/center-stage-the-cambodian-aesthetics-of-a-spiral-
Hoffman, Stanley Brian. "Epistemology and Music: A Javanese Example." Ethnomusicology 22.1 (1978): 69-88.
Junaidi, A. "Ubiet: 'I'm a Pluralist Singer'." The Jakarta Post (14 January 2007):
Kartomi, Margaret J. "The Processes and Results of Musical Culture Contact: A Discussion of Terminology and
Concepts." Ethnomusicology 25.2 (1981): 227-249.
Matthews, William. "Reviews." Computer Music Journal 9.1 (1985): 62.
May, Thomas. "Chinary Ung's Spiral XII: DisneyHall Debut." musicweb.ucsd.edu (4 November 2008):
Nketia, J. H. "Developing Contemporary Idioms out of Traditional Music." Studia Musicologica Academiae
Scientiarum Hungaricae T.24, Supplementum: Report of the Musicological Congress of the International Music
Council (1982): 81-97.
Nettl, Bruno. "World Music in the Twentieth Century: A Survey of Research on Western Influence." Acta
Musicologica 58 (1986): 360-73.
Page, Judith. "Breaking Boundaries." isefoundation.org (2002):
Parley, Naomi. "California Dreaming (at Julliard)." CUNY Graduate Center Advocate (15 February 2009):
Rickards, Guy. "Review." Tempo 59.233 (2005): 83-84.
Shahab, Idrus F. "Tony the Indefatigable." tempo.co (15 February 2005):
Stokes, Martin. "Music and the Global Order." Annual Review of Anthropology 33 (2004): 47-72.
Sutton, R. Anderson. "Variation and Composition in Java." Yearbook for Traditional Music 19 (1987): 65-95.
Sultanova, Razia. "Music and Identity in Central Asia: Introduction." Ethnomusicology Forum 14.2 (2005): 131-42.
"Understanding Tony Prabowo." Shaksfin Productions (2013):
Ung, Chinary. "Rain of Wisdom." futureasia.net (6 September 2008):
Ung, Chinary. Grand Alap (A Window in the Sky). Frankfurt: Peters, 1996. 67755.
Warde, Ann. "Contemporary Indonesian Composition: Elastic-Edge Experimentalism." Asian Music 34.1 (2002-
2003): 111-53.
Woodard, Josep. "Music and Dance Reviews: Symphonic Finds Stylistic Balance." Los Angeles Times (20 November
1995): <http://articles.latimes.com/1995-11-20/entertainment/ca-5222_1_symphony-orchestra>.
Author's profile: Kheng K. Koay teaches musicology at National Sun Yat-sen University. Her interests in research
include critical theory analysis, aesthetics, contemporary popular music, and the compositions of Alfred Schnittke
and Sofia Gubaidulina. Koay's publications include "A Reflection of Moment Form in Gubaidulina's String Quartet
No. 3," Theoria (2004) and "The 'Cambiata' Motive and Cyclic Form in Schnittke's 4th String Quartet and 3rd Piano
Sonata," Sun Yat-sen Journal of Humanities (2007). E-mail: <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Author's profile: Mikel LeDee is music resources supervisor at Louisiana State University. E-mail:


text:
|traduci in italiano
On February 27, 1973, a baby with blonde hair and blue eyes was born. Her name is Chiara. March 30, 1974, the sister, with dark hair and a dark complexion was born. Her name is Paola.
The two sisters grew up like twins in the same clothes with the same tastes. The adolescence was essential. Chiara went to an artistic school and Paola went to a classic school. In the mean time, after many episodes and groups from the Milan area, the sisters found themselves in their first, real formed group, the Elefunky. The group, specializing in the funky sound. They were shown to the "Human Bolgia" of Milan when their fortune entered into the club, long nose, ace to tip, Claudio Cecchetto. Cecchetto was feverishly looking for a group that would help Max Pezzali.
It was for this that the two sisters left the smoky clubs of Milano to touch the stages of Italy joining in FestivalBars and they would become part of a choir and would play the giutar and trombone. Quickly, after a worthy album, "La donna, il sogno ed il grande incubo," and a big tour, the girls chose an independent way and decided to become solo artists.
Soon came their first album Ci Chiamano Bambine a mist of rock, pop, and interesting lyrics. Sales were extremely high, and the sisters were satisfied doing many concerts. Opening the only italian concert bu Micheal Jackson, the girls played behind the "San Siro" studio in Milan, the recording the song for the Disney film Hercules Ti Vada o No. Glorious was the summer of 1997 also with thanks to the success of Bella on the stage of Festivalbar.
In the fall of 1998, the second album of their young carrer Giornata Storica more mature and more rock then pop in the lyrics. Unfortunatly the sales were as expected and Paola & Chiara began a time of crisis. They began seeking other options such as apperances on television and radio.
Not desperate, they leave their past behind them, living in the present. Life rivived itself during the working of their third album Television . It was changing: Television came out at the opening of the summer of 2000. A work more refined, less rock more dance, and electric. The first song of the album was Vamos a Bailar (esta videa nueva), destined to become the "the reigning song of the summer of 2000" (platinum disc and the #1 song for 6 consecutive weeks on the charts). The song was continuosly played on the radio, and the sisters won with the best single trionfintly at Festivalbar 2000. Paola and Chiara came out to the italian frontier and becoming big in other parts of the world. Paola and Chiara became risque on the cover of GQ and thanks to their third single Viva el Amor (elected at Gay Pride 2001) they became the queens of Gay Pride ( participating at Gay Pride and serate Gay). Thanks to the exit of three other fantastic singles, Television flew on success for 2 years.
Never happy, Paola and Chiara in 2002 are working on their fourth album Festival pulling ahead with the title song "Festival" which will be the first single and will arriav quickly to the top of the charts.
|Every body have
a fire inside.
The task of all our dreams is that don't
put out... never...
Paola & Chiara

subset: commoncrawl


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Berger Reopens Closed Sections Of Lagos-Ibadan Expressway
The Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) says Julius Berger Plc has reopened the closed sections of Ibadan-bound carriageway from Magboro to Kara and Ibafo on Friday.
Mr Clement Oladele, the Ogun Sector Commander of FRSC, made this known in a statement signed by the Corps' Route Commander, Florence Okpe, and made available to newsmen in Ota, Ogun on Friday.
The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the temporary closure was announced on Wednesday to enable the construction company, Julius Berger Nigeria Plc, to lay a 400m asphalt on those sections of the expressway.
"This development resulted to diversion of the Ibadan-bound traffic which shared the carriageway conveying traffic going into Lagos.
"This narrowed the available carriageway with traffic build up around the affected areas.
"This is to inform motorists that the temporarily-closed sections of the Ibadan -bound carriageway of the Lagos -Ibadan Expressway around Magboro – Kara/Ibafo earlier closed to traffic by the construction company, has been reopened to traffic on Friday.
"The reopening of the earlier closed sections on Friday is expected to improve the traffic situation that caused gridlock since Wednesday around Magboro to Kara/Ibafo,'' he said.
The sector commander, however, advised motorists to cooperate with the traffic and emergency agencies working on the entire corridor to smoothen the motoring experience of all motorists.
Oladele urged motorists to refrain from driving against traffic as violators risk impoundment of their vehicles and might be booked for dangerous driving which attracts the sum of N50,000 fine.
He also said that traffic emergencies on the corridor could be reported on the FRSC toll free number, 122.
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Universal_Hero_X wrote on the wall for The Smokin' Aces!:
ACES.. For those who don't know me.. I'm back.. for those who do know me.. You know what that means.. Many are about to lose their dog tags. Many are about to remember why they hated seeing the ACE clan tag appear as their enemy.. Many will know why they are not our equal.. I.. AM.. BACK.. Who's still with me? Add me... Universal_Hero_X


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SALT LAKE CITY, Utah (ABC4 News) – Coming to a new country and making it home is a hard enough challenge. Today the women of the world organization honored women who have taken the extra change of improving themselves as well.
Today's event honored women refugees who have come to live in the Utah community but are also taking the extra steps to grow and learn.
These women spent their time learning a new language, becoming involved in education and becoming citizens in the community.
An award banquet today honored those who have met their goals.


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Army Contracting Command - Warren (ACC-WRN) is conducting a Market Research Survey to determine the level of interest among qualified Contractors in providing the M24 Right Assembly. This survey, and all information herein is for informational planning purposes only and does not constitute a "Request for Proposal or Invitation for Bid", nor is it to be construed as a commitment by the Government.
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Ok so my son is 3 years 4 months now. Goes to pre nursery. He had been unwell for over 4 months now. On and off cold and cough. He is fine for a week used to resume to school and then get unwell for 15 days. Lately, because of bad polluted air in Delhi he was again unwell and indoors for over a week and now again cold and cough. My child is tired of regular nebulising and medicines like LCZ. It's becoming a task to give him medicines and nebulising him plus he gets fussy with food too unable To go to parks or any recreational activity. He is confined to 4 walls and this is getting depressing for me to see him like that. I know as mothers you all can understand my ordeal. I am looking for some natural tips/ home remedies to keep him healthy.
Created by Neha Matta Updated on Nov 10, 2016
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BP Business Solutions – Our client a Spanish company's Kaduna Farm is recruiting suitably qualified candidates on a 5 months temporary bass to fill the following positions below:
1.) Factory Lead N200,000 – N250,000.
2.) Factory Technician (Electrical) (2 Openings) N80,000 -N100,000.
3.) Quality Shift Lead (2 Openings) N100,000
4.) Finished Goods Dispatch Technician N80,000 – N100,000
5.) Dispatch Clerk (2 Openings) N70,000
General Requirements
- Interested candidates should possess relevant qualifications.
How to Apply
Interested and qualified candidates should forward their CV to: [email protected] using the role applied for as subject of the mail.
Note: Candidates are to resume in January.
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The Secret Life of Pets 2
20th of June
Time TBA
Event Cinemas, Myer Centre
This event is ONLY for YSC GOLD members.
The film continues the story of Max and his pet friends, following their secret lives after their owners leave them for work or school each day.
This film is rated CTC.
Bookings Closed.


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Fun Central I35 6" Standard Glow Sticks Bi-Colors - Assorted - 25pcs
- If you can't choose just one color, then our 6 inch standard bi-color glow sticks are perfect for you! Each box contains an assortment of bi-color glow sticks, so you'll get a wide variety of fun color combinations! These glow sticks are 6 inches long and 1 cm in diameter.
- Sold by the box (25 glow sticks per box).
- They will glow one time, for 6-8 hours.
- One cap per glow stick is included.
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text: Image Title: Moroccan Bedrooms Ideas Photos Decor And Inspirations Inside Bedroom Furniture Designs 7. Post Title: Moroccan Bedroom Furniture. Filename: moroccan-bedrooms-ideas-photos-decor-and-inspirations-inside-bedroom-furniture-designs-7.jpg. Image Dimension: 800 x 530 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Damon Donnelly. Uploaded Date: Friday - October 26th. 2018 22:45:13 PM. Category: Furniture. Image Source: architecture.com. Me Themed Remodel Furniture 6. For Bedroom Decorating Moroccan Pinterest YoVille Throughout Inspirations Ideas Regarding Picture Regard Semaine Top1000 Prepare To Sensational 5. 18. Decor In De Chambres 0. 40 AOL Pertaining Photo 4. 7. La Inside Shocking WitzkeBerry With And Decoholic 10. Design Tendance Designs 8. Within Maroc Photos Plan Stock 4985 17. Now 19. News Bedrooms Theme


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Ratings: 7.8 / 10 from 68 users
"The Invisible Guest" turns on a young businessman who wakes up in a hotel room locked from the inside with the dead body of his lover next to him. He hires a prestigious lawyer, and over one night they work together to clarify what happened in a frenetic race against time.
Date of Release : Jan 06,2017
Movies Genres : Hollywood Movies | Crime | Thriller | Mystery
Movies Length : Length: 106 Minute(s)


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The Bill Drill: This drill will help you figure out how fast you can shoot while retaining your accuracy. It's great for either live fire or dry fire practice, and you can shoot it from any distance (we recommend starting at 7 yards). To perform the drill, draw and fire 6 shots on the target as quickly as possible. The goal is to put all 6 rounds into the best scoring area of the target (zero down or A-zone) while shooting as quickly as possible.
Transition Drill: Here's a dry or live-fire drill that's great for both beginners and advanced shooters: Put up 2 targets (you can get our Fall Leaves target right here) and choose a leaf on one of the targets. From the holster or low ready, fire 2 shots at your chosen leaf, then find the same leaf on the second target and fire two rounds at that leaf. Repeat this drill 10-20 times per session and you'll see your transition times improve!
5x5 Drill: This is the new 5x5 IDPA Classifier, which is based on a drill created by Bill Wilson. It's a great way to get a baseline on your shooting skills or test your proficiency.
All the shots are taken from the same distance - if you want to work your way up to 10 yards, go ahead and start at 5 yards. If you don't have a timer, just work through the strings and focus on accuracy. String 1: Draw and fire 5 shots freestyle. String 2: Draw and fire 5 shots using Strong Hand Only. String 3: Start with only 5 rounds in your gun. Draw and fire 5 shots, emergency reload and fire 5 additional shots freestyle. String 4: Draw and fire 4 shots to the body and one shot to the head freestyle.
Spring Building Drill: This is a simple drill to shoot - just follow the instructions right on the target! You can start with the gun in the holster or at low ready, set a par time on your timer, or take as much time as you need to get your hits.
Circle 1 - 5 shots slow fire
Circle 2 - One shot - repeat 5 times
Circle 3 - Two shots (double tap) - repeat 3 times
Circle 4 and 5 - One shot on circle 4, then one shot on circle 5 - repeat 4 times
Circle 6 - 5 shots with your strong (main) shooting hand only
Circle 7 - 5 shots with your support hand only
Circle 8 and 9 - One shot on circle 8, reload, then one shot on circle 9 - repeat 3 times.
The Walkback Drill: This is a simple, but challenging drill that will help you increase your ability to shoot at distance. Place an 8" target (paper plates work great) at least 5 yards away. Draw and fire one shot, then take a step back and fire again. Repeat at least 6 times. If you miss, start over from your first position. If you are at an indoor range and can't move, set your target back a foot or two between every shot.
Rangemaster: Animated Dry Fire Drills Using Your Computer
Pistol-Training.com: Find a great selection of pistol drills here.
Personal Defense World: Six life-saving drills


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Stephen Ward agrees new deal to stay at Wolves until 2013
Settled: Ward has extended his stay at Molineux
Wolves defender Stephen Ward has agreed a new three-year deal at Molineux.
Ward, who is now tied to the club until 2013, is delighted to have secured a new contract as he battles back from a knee operation.
'To have signed a new deal at the end of a season when we've stayed in the Premier League is brilliant for me,' he told the club's official website.
'I've grown to love the club over the three and a half years I've been here so I'm delighted to be here for another three years.'
Ward joined Wolves from Bohemians in 2007 and has made 120 appearances.
Wolves boss Mick McCarthy said: 'Wardy is one of the players who had to make a big step-up when he arrived at the club from Bohemians. But he has answered every challenge that has been put in front of him, including reverting to the left-back position and developing his game so much that he looks like he's spent all his career there.
'He did well for us in the Premier League last season, even more so as when he came back from injury he was often having to train and play through a lot of pain.
'But he'll do that for you because of the character he is and the courage he shows out on the pitch.
'Having had his operation this summer, I'm sure he'll be relishing even more the chance to play in the league again without having to suffer any niggling problems and I'm delighted he's now tied to the club for another three years.'
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Posted by Trisha Alexander on Jun 13, 2019
2 Wire Submersible Pump Wiring Diagram
2 wire submersible pump wiring diagram Chris helped me find a powered wire that turns on with the ignition. We had to do some experimenting to find it because as of now there is no bmw scooter wiring diagram. We think its the wire that Deeper wells or setups that need higher flow rates may require submersible wiring terminals for optional float switches which can be used to stop the pump when the tank is full or when the well Manufacturer of weather tight buildings including golf course pump stations used or site assembled. Pump stations can be customized with waterproof roof hatches precast concrete customized duct.
2 wire submersible pump wiring diagram The cord comes with a wiring diagram that describes connecting the individual wires. Never operate a pedestal fan without the front and back grills in place or you risk injury and damage to flooring My mains wiring does not include an electrical ground. This is not due to negligence but because im building this in vietnam and there is no residential electrical grounding in this countrys For example from the login screen screen 1 the operator can touch the bulk mud icon and instantly a screen appears that shows a diagram of the bulk mud system screen 2 wiring to that.
2 wire submersible pump wiring diagram Manufacturer amp distributor of pump variable speed control systems. Control panel pump panel vfd metering inverter vector constant torque variable torque encoder washdown nema 4 variable.
It's possible to get or download caterpillar-wiring diagram from several websites. If you take a close look at the diagram you will observe the circuit includes the battery, relay, temperature sensor, wire, and a control, normally the engine control module. With an extensive collection of electronic symbols and components, it's been used among the most completed, easy and useful wiring diagram drawing program. 2 Wire Submersible Pump Wiring Diagram. The wiring diagram on the opposite hand is particularly beneficial to an outside electrician. Sometimes wiring diagram may also refer to the architectural wiring program. The simplest approach to read a home wiring diagram is to begin at the source, or the major power supply. Basically, the home wiring diagram is simply utilized to reveal the DIYer where the wires are.
If you can't locate the information, get in touch with the manufacturer. The info in the diagram doesn't indicate a power or ground supply. The intention of the fuse is to safeguard the wiring and electrical components on its circuit. A typical watch's basic objective is to tell you the good time of day. When selecting the best type of computer cable to fulfill your requirements, it is very important to consider your upcoming technology plans.
Installing a tachometer on your Vehicles can assist in preventing critical repair problems, however. You might have a weak ground issue. The way the brain learns is a subject that still requires a good deal of study. How it learns can be associated by how it is able to create memories.
In a parallel circuit, each unit is directly linked to the power supply, so each system gets the exact voltage. There are 3 basic sorts of standard light switches. The circuit needs to be checked with a volt tester whatsoever points. 2 Wire Submersible Pump Wiring Diagram. Each circuit displays a distinctive voltage condition. You are able to easily step up the voltage to the necessary level utilizing an inexpensive buck-boost transformer and steer clear of such issues. The voltage is the sum of electrical power produced by the battery. Be sure that the new fuse isn't blown, and carries the very same amperage.
Each fuse is going to have a suitable amp rating for those devices it's protecting. The wiring is merely a bit complicated. Our automotive wiring diagrams permit you to relish your new mobile electronics in place of spend countless hours attempting to work out which wires goes to which Ford part or component. Overall the wiring is really straight forward. There's a lot wiring that you've got to tie into your truck's wiring harness, but it's much easier to do than it seems. A ground wire offers short circuit protection and there's no neutral wire used. There's one particular wire leading from the distributor which may be used for the tachometer.
When you have just a single cable going into the box, you're at the close of the run, and you've got the simplest scenario possible. All trailer plugs and sockets are extremely easy to wire. The adapter has the essential crosslinks between the signals. Wiring a 7-pin plug on your truck can be a bit intimidating when you're looking at it from beyond the box.
The control box may have over three terminals. After you have the correct size box and have fed the cable to it, you're almost prepared to permit the wiring begin. Then there's also a fuse box that's for the body controls that is situated under the dash. 2 Wire Submersible Pump Wiring Diagram. You will find that every circuit has to have a load and every load has to have a power side and a ground side. Make certain that the transformer nameplate power is enough to supply the load that you're connecting.
The bulb has to be in its socket. Your light can be wired to the receiver and don't require supply additional capacity to light as it can get power from receiver. In the event the brake lights aren't working, a police officer may block the vehicle and issue a warning to create the repair within a particular time limit. Even though you would still must power the relay with a power source or battery. Verify the power is off before trying to attach wires. In case it needs full capacity to begin, it won't operate in any way.
Replacing thermostat on your own without a Denver HVAC technician can be quite harrowing if you don't hook up the wiring correctly. After the plumbing was cut out, now you can get rid of the old pool pump. It's highly recommended to use a volt meter to make sure there is no voltage visiting the motor, sometimes breakers do not get the job done properly, also you might have turned off the incorrect breaker. Remote distance is left up to 500m. You may use a superior engine ground. The second, that's the most frequently encountered problem, is a weak ground in the computer system. Diagnosing an electrical short can be extremely tough and costly.
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Carrie Underwood accused of plagiarizing NFL song
The country music superstar, the NFL and NBC are named in a lawsuit that says her "Game On" is strikingly similar, if not identical, to a 2017 song. Nebraska native behind lawsuit »
Carrie Underwood plagiarized NFL 'Sunday Night Football' song 'Game On,' lawsuit says
Iran shoots down U.S. military drone, official says
72-year-old Walmart greeter allegedly punched in the face by customer: 'I'm scared to work'
Ex-NFL player speaks out against slavery reparations
Captain: 'We've ... never seen anything like that'
Captain 'Sully' Sullenberger has a message for Boeing about its 737 Max
NBA draft prospect ignored because of Zion mania
NBA owner takes a shot at politicians' complaints
Actor suggests replacement for Trump's Walk of Fame star
Mooch Reveals What Sets Off 'Total Germaphobe' Trump: 'He'll Flip Out On You'
Parents brawl at youth baseball game over 13-year-old umpire's call
These parents should have been watching their seven-year-olds play a baseball game. Instead, they came to blows over the call of a young umpire.Yahoo Sports
I Told My Boyfriend How Many People I'd Slept with…and He Didn't Like the Answer
"My boyfriend can't get over how many people I've slept with. I shouldn't have told him, but he pressed me for the info. He was 'nerdy' for most of high school and college, and just started coming into his own...PureWow
Millennials, you've got this all wrong. You need to stop 'saving' for retirement.
Target date funds are one way Broke Millennial Takes on Investing author Erin Lowry says millennials can get over fear and invest in a 401(k) or IRA.USA TODAY 51 min ago
Here's What Keanu Reeves Had to Say About Those Angelina Jolie Dating Rumors
In Hollywood, dating rumors are a dime a dozen. Occasionally, though, one comes along that makes even the most skeptical heart skip a beat. But following numerous reports in recent weeks, Keanu Reeves has responded to Angelina Jolie dating speculation — and fans will undoubtedly want to hear what the actor's rep said about the […]SheKnows
Granger Smith opens up about final moments before son River's death, how the family heals
Country singer Granger Smith is sharing an update with fans following the drowning death of his 3-year-old son, River.USA TODAY
Kendall Jenner Bought a Single Can of Coke at the Store, and People Are Confused
Her dress also seemed to match the can.Glamour
Family kicked out of Smashburger because of boy's service dog: 'I am going to make a big deal about it'
The manager allegedly told the 9-year-old diabetic boy and his family to "eat outside" over their service dog.Yahoo Lifestyle
Chrissy Teigen is being mom-shamed again – this time over Luna's first trip to the dentist
Chrissy Teigen shared an Instagram video of daughter Luna, 3, enjoying her first trip to the dentist on Tuesday. Like clockwork, trolls chimed in.USA TODAY
Ayesha Curry Admits to Sending Sexy Pics to Husband Stephen
The "Family Food Fight" host gives an inside look at life with Steph Curry and three kids. Plus, hear about their dueling reality TV shows!Yahoo View
Kaitlyn Bristowe Plans to Sell Her Nashville Home, Even Though Jason Tartick Just Moved In (Exclusive)
Bristowe also opens up to ET about Booth's comments about her and Tartick's relationship.Entertainment Tonight
Alaskan teens murder friend after being offered $9 million
The group of teens are facing child pornography charges in addition murder charges; Dan Springer reports.FOX News Videos
Man who died in Dominican Republic reportedly had green foam coming out of his mouth
An Arizona man claims his dad, who died while vacationing in the Dominican Republic last June, had "something green" foaming from his mouth when he died.AOL.com
Harry and Meghan refuse to be 'controlled' by Prince William
It comes as the 'Fab Four' prepare to split their charity.Yahoo Style UK
Donald Trump team threatens to lay off employees if Congress doesn't eliminate agency
Trump administration and Congress clash over proposal to eliminate the Office of Personnel ManagementUSA TODAY
Man demands to hang up Confederate flag in protest over mayor's LGBTQ Pride tribute
"If you're a friend of LGBT you're an enemy to the Lord Jesus Christ," the city employee charged.Yahoo Lifestyle
Tucker Carlson Finds It 'Painful' to Watch Trans Women Athletes 'Stealing Athletic Opportunities From Girls'
AP/ShutterstockIf history is any judge, Fox News host Tucker Carlson and his producers apparently follow that old saying, "If it ain't broke, don't fix it" when it comes to the topic of transgender Americans.Let me first make a full disclosure: I am a transgender woman, and I worked in television news for 30 years, including at two of the networks where Carlson once earned a big fat paycheck. I've also appeared on another Fox News show to discuss the issue of trans athletes. But I don't know the man.Despite that, he seems to have a rather unhealthy interest in women like me, especially for a married guy.Admittedly, this could also be said about Laura Ingraham, The Five, and any number of programs on Fox News Channel. But no show at Fox has been as consistent on the topic of trans Americans as Tucker Carlson Tonight, or as a trans friend of mine calls it, "Tucked Crotch Tonight."Parker Molloy, a transgender writer based in Chicago and editor at large for Media Matters, has been keeping a tally. Following the latest episode she tweeted a thread about this phenomenon she's observed: at least 13 shows on trans issues since Tucker Carlson Tonight premiered in 2016 (she later corrected the total to 14 with help from an eagle-eyed follower).Molloy went on to note, "The segments are virtually identical to each other. 'Are women's sports soon to be a think of the past? Hello, I am a genuinely concerned cable TV host who isn't just doing this because it lets me get a jab in at trans people wink wink.' Sometimes it's not even a new story. He's used the same news pegs for multiple stories."And she created this graphic to illustrate her point, calling it evidence of "a sick obsession of his":Carlson himself would not directly comment on Molloy's accusation of having an "obsession."In a statement to The Daily Beast, Carlson wrote, "Probably because I have three daughters, it's painful to watch biological men steal athletic opportunities from girls. And it's completely bewildering to watch so-called progressives cheer it on. They should be ashamed."The topic of transgender athletes is indeed a controversial one. It's true that even some LGBTQ advocates cannot agree on what the correct solution is, but the International Olympic Committee, NCAA, and many state policies favor inclusion of trans women athletes within certain guidelines on hormone suppression, and allow use of testosterone for trans men. One look at any record book will reveal that transgender competitors simply don't dominate any sport, or event, or win every race or contest.And as for that watchword, "biological men," sorry, Tucker. Everyone is biological, and we all have biology. Therefore, I am a biological woman. The word they don't want to use, of course, is "cisgender," which is derived from the Latin meaning "same." Trans women are not cis women; on that we can agree.As I wrote for Outsports (where I am managing editor), Carlson most recently reported the story of three cisgender high school students in Connecticut, who have filed a federal civil rights complaint with the U.S. Department of Education against Connecticut's statewide policy allowing transgender girls to compete with them."Stories about so-called dominant trans athletes are cherry-picked for use in moral panic narratives by far-right outlets," Molloy wrote for Columbia Journalism Review in May 2019.Although I've known Molloy for seven years, we've never met face to face. And while she declined an invitation to comment here, she did confirm for me that she is politically progressive, something that is also clear from her writing.The site where she is editor at large, Media Matters, identifies itself as a "Web-based, not-for-profit, 501(c)(3) progressive research and information center dedicated to comprehensively monitoring, analyzing, and correcting conservative misinformation in the U.S. media." Since 2004, it's earned a reputation as a far-left watchdog famous for its daily take-downs of America's number one-rated cable news network. Today's headline: "Trump and Fox News may start a war."Just who is Carlson trying to reach with his anti-transgender rhetoric? Liz Lenz did some digging for CJR in September 2018:"Since Bill O'Reilly was fired from Fox News in October 2017, Carlson has cannibalized O'Reilly's audience. According to Nielsen Media Research, the top-rated markets for the show are Ft. Myers, Florida; Knoxville, Tennessee; Jacksonville, Florida; West Palm Beach, Florida; Las Vegas, Nevada; Birmingham, Alabama; Orlando, Florida; Atlanta, Georgia; Greenville, South Carolina; and Buffalo, New York. "Only half of these cities went for Trump in the 2016 election, but they are (with the exception of Birmingham and Atlanta) overwhelmingly white and middle class, with an average age of 36. A large part of the jobs held by men in each city are in retail or construction."What's interesting about Carlson's frequency in focusing on transgender issues is how infrequently he's invited someone trans to be a guest, and given them a fair shake.Trans attorney Jillian Weiss accepted an invitation to be on the show in February 2017, and the HuffPost wrote that Carlson immediately insulted her. In April 2017, his first guest for his first show in his current time slot—vacated by MeToo culprit Bill O'Reilly, who got the boot—was Caitlyn Jenner. Variety wrote, "Carlson had Jenner on to make a fool of her." And in August 2018, Salon wrote that Carlson and his conservative guest "spewed hatred" at trans politician Christine Hallquist.About the only time a trans guest didn't get mocked or belittled by Carlson was July 2018, when trans athlete Joanna Harper shocked him into silence. Twice. The world-renowned expert on transgender athletes agreed with Carlson on the subject of trans girls competing in track events. "If I were making the rules, I would allow them to participate in the state meet but not win medals." Carlson was silent for 1.6 seconds, then fell mute again for 1.7 seconds later in the interview.If Carlson is up for it, I'd like a shot at beating Harper's record.Read more at The Daily Beast.Get our top stories in your inbox every day. Sign up now!Daily Beast Membership: Beast Inside goes deeper on the stories that matter to you. Learn more.The Daily Beast
This Huge Huckberry Sale Has Everything You'll Need for Your Next Camping Trip (11 photos)
Just in time for a weekend wilderness adventure.From Men's HealthMen's Health
Why Gloria Vanderbilt Did Not Leave an Inheritance for Son Anderson Cooper
Anderson Cooper has always been content making his own money.Entertainment Tonight
Report: Minnesota "aggressive" in trying to trade up in draft, talked to Pelicans about fourth pick
The Minnesota Timberwolves are slotted to pick 11th in the NBA Draft Thursday night. There they could land players along the lines of Brandon Clarke or Rui Hachimura, both of Gonzaga. The Timberwolves have their sights set higher and they are looking to move up in the draft — maybe all the way to No.NBC Sports
None of this boy's friends showed up to his birthday party: 'I felt so embarrassed'
This little boy almost celebrated his 4th birthday alone, until nearly 100 guests surprised him.Yahoo Lifestyle


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SCAMPTON | The RAF Red Arrows have announced a schedule of events they plan to perform at during this year's US and Canada tour.
The team, who fly nine Hawk T.1A jet trainers, will engage in a nine-week tour taking in major airshows as well as business and STEM engagements. It will be the first time they have visited the continent since 2008 and their first major tour of the region since 1993.
They will wrap up their UK season in on the 19th-21st July at the Royal International Air Tattoo. After a short period of leave, during which maintenance work will be carried out on the jets, the team will cross the Atlantic for the start of the tour.
The first round of events was announced in February, including six major shows. Additional stops were released later in the spring. Further engagements will be announced in due course.
|Aug 7-11
|Halifax, NS, Canada
|Aug 13
|Gatineau-Ottawa, QC, Canada
|Aug 17-18
|Chicago Air & Water Show, Chicago, IL, USA
|Aug 21
|Thunder Over the Boardwalk, Atlantic City, NJ, USA
|Aug 24-25
|New York Airshow, Stewart, NY, USA
|Aug 31-Sep 2
|Canadian Int'l Airshow, Toronto, ON, Canada
|Sep 7-8
|Spirit of St. Louis Airshow, Chesterfield, MO, USA
|Sep 20-22
|Oregon Int'l Airshow, Hillsboro, OR, USA
|Sep 24-27
|Vancouver, BC, Canada
|Sep 28-29
|Miramar Airshow, San Diego, CA, USA
|Oct 4-6
|Great Pacific Airshow, Huntington Beach, CA, USA