text:
Carmen Bannon, North Carolina State Bar
No one has ever accused me of being a serious athlete, but I've spent enough time around jocks and fitness enthusiasts that I've internalized the notion that rest and recovery are necessary for optimum performance. As I understand it, physical exercise is a cellular process of breaking down muscle tissue and then rebuilding it bigger, better, and stronger. If we push our muscles hard every single day, they don't have an opportunity to rebuild and may actually end up losing endurance and strength, and being more prone to injury.
Yes, this is a metaphor. The "muscle" we use, abuse, and over-work in the practice of law is our brain. When we are facing a deadline or a trial, we expect our brains to perform optimally for many long days in a row, sometimes weeks, with little or no rejuvenating experiences to fuel that marathon. But our brains need rest and recovery as much as our other parts—perhaps more: the consequences of over-taxing our brains are far worse than losing a bit of muscle mass or a few pounds off our personal best bench-press.
In 2017, the National Task Force on Lawyer Well-Being published its report, entitled "The Path to Lawyer Well-Being: Practical Recommendations for Positive Change." Among the many recommendations in the report is educating lawyers about the need for "downtime to recover from work-related stress." It notes that lawyers who do not finds ways to recover from job-related stress are at higher risk of depression and burnout. Lawyers who are sleep deprived (a common affliction that severely over-taxes the brain) are likely to suffer diminished cognitive functioning and difficulty concentrating, among other unpleasant effects.
We must, for our mental health and for our productivity, give our brains a chance to rest and recover. It would be wonderful if we could all spend our lunch hours silently meditating or taking a yoga class…but as someone who has hurriedly eaten my fair share of microwave lunches at my desk so I can promptly get back to working and grinding my teeth, I know that is not realistic for many of us. And although we need to take proper vacations, a couple of weeks per year out of the office isn't enough to help maintain brain-equilibrium day-to-day. The good news, though, is that even small breaks during the work day can make an enormous difference in productivity and focus. Research has shown that taking even a few-minutes break from a long mental task sharpens your ability to focus on the task when you return to it.
Although the fitness tracker I wear on my wrist is underwhelmed by my overall athleticism, I have set it to kindly remind me once an hour to get up, move around, and get some oxygen circulating to that critically important "muscle": the long-suffering lawyer brain.
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Whitney Waldenberg, The Brocker Law Firm, P.A.
When we think about communications with our clients, we are often focused on our obligations under Rule 1.4 of the North Carolina Rules of Professional Conduct. As a result, we often view communication with a client in somewhat clinical terms: reporting information to the client, advising the client about his or her rights, explaining the pros and cons of pursuing a claim or defense, and obtaining the client's consent to a particular course of action. But have you ever considered expanding the scope? For example, would you consider asking your client for feedback on how you are doing?
Extending an invitation for feedback from your client may not seem like a fun exercise and may even feel a little uncomfortable. After all, most of us strive to be self-assured, and asking for feedback may feel like self-doubt. However, asking for feedback may not only enhance the relationship you have with your client, it may also avoid misunderstandings, improve your practice, and importantly, provide some welcomed affirmation.
Consider this: just by extending the invitation for feedback, you will have communicated to your client that you care about him or her, that you are interested in what he or she has to say, and that you are listening. The invitation will likely be well-received, appreciated, and may reinforce your client's confidence in you.
Further, by giving the client an opportunity to provide some feedback, you may uncover a misunderstanding of which you were previously unaware. Such a discovery provides a key opportunity to address a relatively small issue early on, before it potentially snowballs into a larger problem. Many disciplinary complaints stem from breakdowns in communication between the attorney and client and addressing concerns in a proactive manner may just prove to be the stitch in time that saved nine.
If the client is forthcoming, you may learn about areas for improvement. For example, you may learn that while email communication is easiest for you, your client is not computer-savvy and prefers to receive phone calls. Or you may learn that your client was expecting to hear from you every day, and you now have an opportunity to manage that expectation. Receiving this type of feedback may flag common issues that you can address across your practice to enhance your relationship with all clients.
Finally, you may actually get some positive feedback, and who doesn't want that?!
by: Ted Smyth, Cranfill Sumner & Hartzog
I imagine most every lawyer at some point finds herself or himself in the position where she or he has been asked about a topic or issue, while at the curbstone, the BBQ picnic table, the restaurant line or most likely on a telephone call. Inevitably, someone is seeking legal advice or assistance, in a situation where it is readily apparent, perhaps due to the size of the fees, that your representation is impractical. In my particular arcane area, it is often a phone call seeking representation for something such as: obtaining loss arising from diminished resale value as part of an automobile collision claim; or an inquiry as to whether the homeowner's insurer can ask the policyholder to give a recorded statement under oath. My fellow insurance law geeks know what I'm talking about here! Often, you simply observe that it is not really a circumstance where it would be economically prudent to represent the person. However, sometimes the impulse arises to spend an extra 5 or 8 minutes on the telephone and give a brief tutorial on that process or issue, perhaps as do-it-yourself suggestion for the person on the other end of the phone.
Patiently spending an extra 5 to 8 minutes is a frequent occurrence when you are speaking to friends or friends of friends. Sometimes the person on the other end of the line has absolutely no connection to you, and it is simply a cold call business inquiry. Even then, I sometimes find myself breaking out the 5 to 8 minute tutorial, when it is highly likely I will never see, hear from, or connect with the person on the other end of the phone ever again. I would like to think that this impulse arises from the basic desire to have the general population believe that lawyers are good people, and like doctors, we would like to assist a person in immediate need. That is an excellent and noble reason to spend the extra time on a voluntary basis on the telephone with people who need assistance - to build trust in lawyers as a group.
I believe that subconsciously, I execute a sliding scale approach to participating in such things depending on my perception of that person's relative poverty-challenged circumstances, willingness to work hard, and sense of appreciation. Honestly, it also depends on whether I got a good parking space that morning and don't have a brief due at 5 o'clock. I believe that somewhere in the cosmic karma of the universe, when a good thing happens, a tiny vibration bounces out into the world and causes others to do the same. It is the next best thing to sitting at a phone bank at a Bar Association 4All call-in Friday, a pro bono clinic, or another affirmative commitment to be at a specific place at a particular time to render free legal services. It is kind of a bite-sized helping of helping. It is organic, it is random, and it will not make or break a day.
Of course, you want to safely get back to the other side of the street after you have assisted the grandmother in the crosswalk. I have a couple of internal processes I try to follow in these circumstances. First, if I decide to take the 5 to 8 minute tour of some arcane area, I have already decided I am not going to charge a fee for the information. If there is going to be a fee involved, it is an entirely different conversation for me and would need to be structured like any other formal retention of a client. Second, if the person seeking assistance offers to pay me for my time, I always say no. Along those same lines, I try to say at least three or four times in the course of this brief discussion that I am not the person's lawyer, I am just talking to that person today about some general things that might be helpful. I do not prognosticate on chances that X or Y will likely be the outcome of their efforts, or otherwise handicap how things will progress for them going forward. I always warn them that there are statutes of limitations and repose, even if I don't believe there are any such pressing matters. I always say they could call another lawyer or two if they want for different perspectives. Even after stating that you are not this person's lawyer, a letter to the person on the other end of the line confirming you are not their lawyer should be utilized to impress that point on the person with whom you are speaking.
Additionally, I do not suggest that this telephone call be the first installment of a multiple call series of advice, and I do not invite a periodic call back. When I get off the phone, I do not expect to ever hear from the person again. The North Carolina Rules of Professional Conduct are instructive on these matters. For example, Rule 1.2(c) and Comments [6], [7], [8] and [9] are instructive on an interaction with a client that is limited in scope; Rule 1.16 and Comment [1] are instructive in declining or terminating representation; and Rule 1.18 is instructive on duties to perspective clients, and in particular, the notion that information shared - even in that brief encounter - is subject to privilege. Finally, one needs to be mindful that in these limited interactions, issues relating to conflict of interest with other firm clients or matters may arise.
by: Deanna Brocker, The Brocker Law Firm, P.A.
I recently attended a funeral for a friend's mother, and was moved by the service and the remarks made about this wonderful woman. I learned that my friend's mother lived by these words: "Attitude is everything. You can either choose to curse the darkness around you, or you can choose to light lamps. Always choose to light lamps." I love this metaphor. I certainly see darkness in my profession from time to time. Attorneys are angry about grievances filed by clients they believe are ungrateful or unreasonable. The State Bar issues discipline against attorneys who are not managing their trust accounts as the rules require, and the feeling is that the punishment is too harsh. Lawyers are losing their licenses to practice law for lapses in judgment that cause harm to the profession.
I have also seen lawyers who have taken the grievance process and disciplinary proceedings in stride. Instead of cursing the client who brought the grievance, the attorney took the opportunity to re-evaluate her law firm's client service and responsiveness, and make positive changes in her practice. Instead of cursing the State Bar staff or the grievance process, another attorney found out something he did not know before. As part of his written response to the State Bar and given the nature of the allegations against his character, we advised the attorney to get character letters from his colleagues and those in the community to support his good character for truthfulness. The outpouring of support was uplifting, and the attorney learned how well his peers and others thought about and appreciated him. Without the State Bar grievance process, he may never have known how much he was loved and respected. In another instance, where an attorney faced losing his law license, he reconsidered whether the practice of law was truly his calling, and ended up finding more joy by following his passion to another profession.
These attorneys are just a few examples of those whose attitude made all the difference. They chose to light lamps rather than curse the darkness. I believe they came out better for having done so.
by: Crystal S. Carlisle, The Brocker Law Firm P.A.
Raising a very strong-willed seven-year old daughter definitely has its challenges. One of the many life lessons that we want her to learn is the lesson of how to properly interact with her peers. One concept we recently discussed is when it is okay to not be "right." For example, our daughter often corrects her friends when they say or do something that she knows isn't correct. Sometimes it is helpful, and sometimes it is frankly annoying. We have tried to explain to her that unless it is something very important, it is okay to let mistakes go. She was very confused by this statement. It is hard for her to grasp the concept. If something isn't right, shouldn't it be corrected? I asked her if she would rather have good relationships with her friends or always be right. She stated, "I want both." We have some work to do.
This conversation made me think about our interactions with each other as professionals. Have you ever had a conversation with a peer who corrected you constantly? Are you the one who constantly corrects other professionals? Their pronunciation of words? When you know what the person meant, but they used the wrong word? Have you ever corrected the word "your" to "you're" in an email where it was not critical? Is this behavior professional? It probably depends.
Correcting a small issue that will not affect anyone else is probably not a good idea, particularly in public. You may embarrass your colleague which will not foster a great professional relationship. However, if the person's mistake could impact others in a negative way, it may be necessary. If that is the case, perhaps you should attempt to point out the mistake in private, if possible. It is also helpful to avoid using words or phrases that come across as pompous and condescending. For example, instead of saying, "actually, it is pronounced voir dire," you could say, "I have always had a hard time with those Latin words. I heard the judge pronounce it "vwar dir."
Manners are a huge part of professionalism and are not something we should focus on only as a child. If you catch yourself correcting someone for something relatively unimportant, you may want to pose the same question to yourself that I asked my daughter? Would you rather have a good relationship with your fellow professionals, or be right all the time? You likely cannot have both.
by: Douglas J. Brocker, The Brocker Law Firm, P.A.
It's the time of year when people make personal resolutions for the coming year – eat less, exercise more, lose weight, spend more time with family, spend less time watching television, don't sweat the small stuff, etc. Personal resolutions are a good way to remind yourself of important goals to set for the upcoming year. It's also a good time of year to turn off the electronic devices temporarily, engage in some essential self-reflection, set certain professional goals, and most importantly lay out detailed, specific steps to achieve those essential professional goals in 2018.
Professional goals, just like personal resolutions, are individual and the results of introspection about your most important core values and priorities. Adopting somebody else's resolutions would defeat the essential purpose of the exercise. Setting aside some time in January to reflect on your 2018 professional aspirations will be well worth the investment, in my experience.
The following are just some examples for you to consider to spark some thought in developing your own core professional values and goals for 2018:
• Listen more, talk less: as the saying goes, you have two ears and one mouth, and they should be used in relative proportion.
• Live balanced: set boundaries for your clients/patients and your employer/supervisor and stick to them.
• Work smart: find your most productive period of day and set aside that time to do work that requires concentration and protect it from interferences, except true emergencies.
• Take vacations and time away from work every week to recharge and disconnect completely.
• Write brief personal notes or letters to others on a regular basis; set a realistic goal and calendar a reminder.
by: Ashley Campbell, Immediate Past President WCBA/Tenth J.D. Bar
In December, Doug Brocker completed his sixth year as Chair of the Professionalism Committee of the Tenth Judicial District Bar. He has been a model chairman and an example to all of us of exceptional leadership.
Under Doug's leadership, the Professionalism Committee has thrived.
In 2013, the members of the Committee established the Connections Mentoring Program, in collaboration with Campbell Law School to promote and maintain professionalism within the Bar. The Program was fully implemented in 2014. Just two years later, the American Bar Association awarded the Program the esteemed E. Smythe Gambrell Professionalism Award, which award recognizes exemplary and innovative professionalism programs. The ABA said that the Connections Program "embraces best practices and stands as a model bar/law school partnership for others to follow."
In addition, the Professional Committee has continued to publish its well-regarded Professionalism Blog, shining a light on topics of interest to the profession. The committee also leads a professionalism roundtable discussion every fall, which is held during the October luncheon and is always well-attended.
During his final year as Chair, Doug led the celebration of our Bar Association's Creed of Professionalism. The Creed is a statement of our values and our commitment to Professionalism. In it, we each affirm:
"To the public and our profession, I offer service. I will strive to improve the law and our legal system, and to make our legal system more accessible, responsive, and effective for all. I recognize the importance of contributing my time and resources to the Bar, public service, community and civic activities."
Through his commitment to the Professionalism Committee, and to our Bar Association where he served as President of the Tenth Judicial District Bar in 2009, Doug has modeled the professional value of service to our members. We are grateful to Doug for his generosity and service to our Bar.
by: Leanor Bailey Hodge, Deputy Counsel The North Carolina State Bar
Career mentorship is one of the main functions of a mentor/protégé relationship. Career mentorship really focuses on experiences that positively impact the protégé's opportunity for future advancement and compensation. While this seems to be an ambitious goal, research shows that individuals who have been mentored report greater career outcomes, including higher compensation and increased job satisfaction.[i]
This type of mentorship can be accomplished in a number of ways. Mentors can provide protégés with favorable and challenging work assignments as a way for a protégé to gain not only the skills necessary to accomplish the particular task but build confidence in their abilities to perform. Another example can be found in talking about the "unwritten rules" of law practice. I learned early on from my mentor that just because you can do something according to the rules doesn't mean that it is the way you should practice law. Other ways to provide career mentoring include networking, teaching the value and how to do it well; time management, how to balance and structure a work day effectively; and career planning, how you got to your current spot and how you handled challenges along the way. One important thing to remember in any type of mentoring experience is to embrace and learn from mistakes. Mistakes happen to us all, how they are handled is what is important.
It is also important to note that career mentoring will look different depending on which stage the protégé is currently in within their career. For example, a newly-minted attorney may need more guidance or coaching whereas a seasoned attorney may seek more alternative ideas, support, or reassurance from their mentor.
We are always looking for qualified mentors that can provide these meaningful experiences for our protégés in the Campbell Law Connections Mentorship Program. For additional information on the program and requirements, please contact Megan West Sherron at email@example.com.
[i] BELLE ROSE RAGINS & KATHY E. KRAM, THE HANDBOOK OF MENTORING AT WORK: THEORY, RESEARCH, AND PRACTICE 5 (Sage Publications, Inc. 2007).
By: Howard A. Marsilio
Tis the season for two types of people, those who putter and those who scramble. Who is cooking the turkey? When is our flight? Should we drive or fly? Where's Kevin? For those of you like me, that find yourself scrambling more than puttering, now is the time to sit down and make a list (and check it twice).
You could make a quick phone call to anyone to say I'll be out of the office between X and Y now to avoid disappointment or resentment later. You could take a moment to get co-workers, associates, and assistants up to speed on your matters now to make them feel prepared for your absence and not dumped on later. Of course, let's not forget the clients. Clients' reactions may vary when they receive an out-of-office reply stating "Happy fall y'all! See ya next year!" to their burning questions about their case.
During a time of year when the professional world seems to slow to a crawl, it is nice to remember opposing counsel, co-workers, judges, court clerks, hearing officers, clients, etc. are likely all scrambling behind the scenes too. Professionalism and courtesy is a gift worth giving, and more often than not it will lead to being on the professionalism nice list in 2018. Happy holidays!!!!
By Edd K. Roberts III, Roberts Law Office, P.A.
This past February marked the 20 year anniversary of our Creed of Professionalism. The creed states, in part: "As lawyers, we are guardians of our legal system, and we have an important professional responsibility to recognize, honor and enhance the rule of law. We are in a privileged position and therefore, we work under special obligations. To forget or to set aside these obligations is to dishonor our profession." (Creed of Professionalism of the North Carolina Wake County/Tenth Judicial Bar, 1997).
These words are the result of a collaborative effort of intelligent men and women who understood the obligations of those called to our profession, and who desired to charge those of us who are honored to practice law. As a newly minted lawyer I was given a copy of this creed, which I promptly framed along with my various degrees to display on my bare office walls. Despite the fact that these words hang only a short distance away from where I regularly work, I am guilty of not reading them as much as I should or giving them the contemplation and reflection that they warrant. In fact, in today's environment especially with the evolution of the smartphone, everyone seems to be in a constant communication rush. I am routinely guilty of multi-tasking with texts and e-mails to clients and other attorneys when walking between the office and the courthouse, not taking the time I need to focus on how to best honor my profession. Instead of interacting with colleagues in my immediate surroundings while I'm in court waiting to speak with a prosecutor or go before a judge, I too often am on my smartphone checking and returning e-mails. My client interactions seem to be less face to face and more emailing and text messaging. I find myself dealing with attorneys, judges, and court personnel more through emailing and text messaging now more than ever. There seems to be a constant draw for me to check for new emails and text messages now that I walk around with a computer in my pocket 24/7. While I want to keep up with the advances in the way we communicate and have it compliment me in my practice of law, this need to provide an immediate response frequently interferes with the opportunities that surround me. Thank goodness I don't know how to tweet, snapchat, or instant message via Facebook or I wouldn't have time for anything else during my day. Reflecting on all this, I have to ask myself, "Am I taking time during my day to embrace these guiding beliefs or losing sight of them with all this constant communication?" For me the only way to know for sure that I'm diligently following these guiding beliefs is to keep the creed fresh in my memory. Knowing this, I have dusted off my framed creed and repositioned it on the wall in my office above my writing desk, so that while seated I can plainly see these words every day which make me more likely to read them. In doing so, I hope to remind myself as I work hard to succeed and prosper that the practice of law is a profession and not a business. To always remember as I go about my profession that I have certain responsibilities to my clients, to the public, to my colleagues, to the courts, and to opposing counsel. To digest this creed on a regular basis is the best way for me to ensure that I don't lose sight of these responsibilities. And if you would like a copy of the creed……text me and I will email you one….or you could just simply ask me for one too.
*Any opinion or views expressed in blogs posted on this site are those of the identified author and not the Committee as a whole.
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Aw: All Ancient onesReally, real world problems aren't a factor for the game, and that isn't enough of a reason to give you something (Post ansehen)2
Aw: Corvus Glaive no longer shock resistant with glaive charges(Quote) This has already been discussed in other threads. The issue is the timing that his abilitiy triggers, which needs to trigger before the start of the fight for him to not take damage, and so… (Post ansehen)-1
Aw: Corvus Glaive no longer shock resistant with glaive chargesIs a known issue on Corvus ability, which isnt being triggered before the start of the fight. Since its triggering at the same time of the debuff, his ability will not do anything. Same thing happens… (Post ansehen)-1
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[PATCH v6 00/22] SMMUv3 Nested Stage Setup
Eric Auger
Sun Mar 17 2019 - 13:22:48 EST
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This series allows a virtualizer to program the nested stage mode.
This is useful when both the host and the guest are exposed with
an SMMUv3 and a PCI device is assigned to the guest using VFIO.
In this mode, the physical IOMMU must be programmed to translate
the two stages: the one set up by the guest (IOVA -> GPA) and the
one set up by the host VFIO driver as part of the assignment process
On Intel, this is traditionnaly achieved by combining the 2 stages
into a single physical stage. However this relies on the capability
to trap on each guest translation structure update. This is possible
by using the VTD Caching Mode. Unfortunately the ARM SMMUv3 does
not offer a similar mechanism.
However, the ARM SMMUv3 architecture supports 2 physical stages! Those
were devised exactly with that use case in mind. Assuming the HW
implements both stages (optional), the guest now can use stage 1
while the host uses stage 2.
This assumes the virtualizer has means to propagate guest settings
to the host SMMUv3 driver. This series brings this VFIO/IOMMU
infrastructure. Those services are:
- bind the guest stage 1 configuration to the stream table entry
- propagate guest TLB invalidations
- bind MSI IOVAs
- propagate faults collected at physical level up to the virtualizer
This series largely reuses the user API and infrastructure originally
devised for SVA/SVM and patches submitted by Jacob, Yi Liu, Tianyu in
[1-2] and Jean-Philippe [3-4].
Best Regards
This series can be found at:
[1] [PATCH v5 00/23] IOMMU and VT-d driver support for Shared Virtual
Address (SVA)
[2] [RFC PATCH 0/8] Shared Virtual Memory virtualization for VT-d
(VFIO part)
[3] [v2,00/40] Shared Virtual Addressing for the IOMMU
[4] [PATCH v3 00/10] Shared Virtual Addressing for the IOMMU
v5 -> v6:
- Fix compilation issue when CONFIG_IOMMU_API is unset
v4 -> v5:
- fix bug reported by Vincent: fault handler unregistration now happens in
- IOMMU_FAULT_PERM_* moved outside of struct definition + small
uapi changes suggested by Kean-Philippe (except fetch_addr)
- iommu: introduce device fault report API: removed the PRI part.
- see individual logs for more details
- reset the ste abort flag on detach
v3 -> v4:
- took into account Alex, jean-Philippe and Robin's comments on v3
- rework of the smmuv3 driver integration
- add tear down ops for msi binding and PASID table binding
- fix S1 fault propagation
- put fault reporting patches at the beginning of the series following
Jean-Philippe's request
- update of the cache invalidate and fault API uapis
- VFIO fault reporting rework with 2 separate regions and one mmappable
segment for the fault queue
- moved to PATCH
v2 -> v3:
- When registering the S1 MSI binding we now store the device handle. This
addresses Robin's comment about discimination of devices beonging to
different S1 groups and using different physical MSI doorbells.
- Change the fault reporting API: use VFIO_PCI_DMA_FAULT_IRQ_INDEX to
set the eventfd and expose the faults through an mmappable fault region
v1 -> v2:
- Added the fault reporting capability
- asid properly passed on invalidation (fix assignment of multiple
- see individual change logs for more info
Eric Auger (13):
iommu: Introduce bind/unbind_guest_msi
vfio: VFIO_IOMMU_BIND/UNBIND_MSI
iommu/smmuv3: Get prepared for nested stage support
iommu/smmuv3: Implement attach/detach_pasid_table
iommu/smmuv3: Implement cache_invalidate
dma-iommu: Implement NESTED_MSI cookie
iommu/smmuv3: Implement bind/unbind_guest_msi
iommu/smmuv3: Report non recoverable faults
vfio-pci: Add a new VFIO_REGION_TYPE_NESTED region type
vfio-pci: Register an iommu fault handler
vfio_pci: Allow to mmap the fault queue
vfio-pci: Add VFIO_PCI_DMA_FAULT_IRQ_INDEX
vfio: Document nested stage control
Jacob Pan (4):
driver core: add per device iommu param
iommu: introduce device fault data
iommu: introduce device fault report API
iommu: Introduce attach/detach_pasid_table API
Jean-Philippe Brucker (2):
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Link domains and devices
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Maintain a SID->device structure
Liu, Yi L (3):
iommu: Introduce cache_invalidate API
vfio: VFIO_IOMMU_ATTACH/DETACH_PASID_TABLE
vfio: VFIO_IOMMU_CACHE_INVALIDATE
Documentation/vfio.txt | 83 ++++
drivers/iommu/arm-smmu-v3.c | 581 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c | 145 ++++++-
drivers/iommu/iommu.c | 201 +++++++++-
drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci.c | 214 ++++++++++
drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_intrs.c | 19 +
drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_private.h | 18 +
drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_rdwr.c | 73 ++++
drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c | 158 ++++++++
include/linux/device.h | 3 +
include/linux/dma-iommu.h | 18 +
include/linux/iommu.h | 137 +++++++
include/uapi/linux/iommu.h | 233 +++++++++++
include/uapi/linux/vfio.h | 102 +++++
14 files changed, 1951 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 include/uapi/linux/iommu.h
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Serge E. Hallyn: "Re: [RFC] simple_lmk: Introduce Simple Low Memory Killer for Android"
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1863 Three-Cents, Judd-319, Pollock-384, R.5-6, PR 64 Brown P...Click the image to load the highest resolution version.
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1863 Pattern Three-Cent, Judd-3191863 Three-Cents, Judd-319, Pollock-384, R.5-6, PR 64 Brown PCGS. The obverse is similar to the old Braided Hair large cent design with much smaller digits in the date. The reverse has 3 CENTS in the center and is surrounded by a laurel wreath with UNITED STATES OF AMERICA at the margin. Struck in bronze or copper with a plain edge. Olive-green and brown patina covers most of each side and is accented with copper-red color in the protected areas of the reverse. Sharp and essentially unspotted. (PCGS# 60319)
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text: RIVELLINO VALHALLA · Barcelona RIVELLINO Bloom Records [https://soundcloud.com/Bloom-Records] Electronic Groove [https://soundcloud.com/egroove] x [https://soundcloud.com/egesp] VALHALLA [BARCELONA] ∇ THIS IS MINE SERIES PODCAST ∇ Promos: firstname.lastname@example.com Based in Barcelona, armed with an extensive House & Melodic Techno collection, Rivellino is one of the heads of the Israeli / Colombian based Label https://soundcloud.com/Bloom-Records and also founder of the VALHALLA concept in Spain. His good taste of music and particular style of building a live set has Rivellino leading him to play in major events along with big names such as VITALIC (@Vitalicofficial), ANNA (@dj_ANNA) and Rodriguez Jr (@Rodriguezjrmusic) just to name a few, in North America, Spain, Andorra, Morocco, Peru, Colombia and Portugal at Festival Dos Canais. He has been pushing the underground scene since 2013 by hosting a weekly radio show "This Is Mine Series" with his label brother @Golan-Zocher, which showcases the genuine compilation of concepts of the hottest producers in the global scene. He promotes serious events in the region and has been producing his own original material along with rising stars in the progressive house scene @KamiloSanclemente and @Golan-Zocher. He also has a Live Proyect with the Singer Velveta (@Velvetamusic) where they combine the electronic beats with improvised vocal melodies, making this show very captivating and hypnotic for the audience. With his duo Rivellino & Velveta they've played in mayor events in Colombia and have opened to Globally known Djs from around the world. ∇ Bookings: email@example.com SM: facebook.com/feliprivellino instagram.com/feliprivellino RIVELLINO's tracks Rodriguez Jr. x ANNA - RIVELLINO [Warm Up] @ The Community Festival 2017 by RIVELLINO published on 2018/02/06 13:54:37 +0000 MNKYBSNSS - Rivellino [Warm Up] 26 · 09 · 2015 by RIVELLINO published on 2015/10/01 05:23:56 +0000 Un dia / voy a ser otra - cut by RIVELLINO published on 2011/01/27 18:37:44 +0000


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text:
NED Abstract
Copyright by European Southern Observatory (ESO).
Reproduced by permission
The brightness of SN 1991T and the uniformity of decline-rate and colour
corrected absolute magnitudes of supernovae Ia.
Richtler T., Jensen J.B., Tonry J., Barris B., Drenkhahn G.
Received 7 August 2000/Accepted 14 November 2000
Abstract. We present a distance to NGC 4527, the host galaxy of the type
Ia SN 1991T, measured by surface brightness fluctuations. This supernova
has been labelled "peculiar" both on the grounds of its spectroscopic
behaviour and its apparent overluminosity with respect to other supernovae.
The distance modulus to NGC 4527 and thus to SN 1991T is 30.26+/-0.09.
This relatively short distance largely removes the discrepancy with other
Ia supernovae having similar light-curve characteristics and also removes
the motivation for interpreting SN 1991T as a super-Chandrasekhar
explosion. However, the reddening uncertainty results in significant
uncertainty of the absolute magnitudes. We show further that, although the
intrinsic absolute magnitudes among Ia supernovae are quite different,
their brightness, corrected for decline-rate and colour, shows a high
degree of uniformity, including underluminous events like SN 1991bg and
SN 1997cn. In particular, the present data do not support a significant
difference between corrected SNe Ia luminosities in late-type and early-
type host galaxies.
Key words: supernovae: general - supernovae: individual: SN 1991T -
galaxies: individual: NGC 4527 - distance scale


text:
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Considering the complete non-addictiveness and safety of cannabis, Dr. James Hudson, PhD, Professor Emeritus, University of British Columbia Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, has said that pharmaceutical companies have an enormous incentive to chemically recreate the natural compounds in marijuana and somehow sell a drug from it. You probably already know this, but pharmaceutical companies can't patent a natural compound, but if they can make a synthetic compound that mimics ingredient from cannabis, they can formulate that as a drug and potentially make a lot more money off of it.
Anyways, now we're about to get to the good stuff, specifically things that I figured health-minded readers like you would actually find helpful, such as hormone balancing, de-stressing, enhanced sleep, fat loss, etc. But if you want to simply stop reading now, and take a side-track to go peruse the more than 20,000 articles published in peer reviewed journals that show the medical efficacy of CBD for a variety of other conditions in addition to what I've listed here, then knock yourself out.
In the meantime, some physicians are forging ahead — and cashing in. Joe Cohen is a doctor at Holos Health, a medical marijuana clinic in Boulder. I asked him what CBD is good for, and he read me a long list of conditions: pain, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, intestinal cramping, anxiety, psychosis, muscle spasms, hyperactive immune systems, nervous system degeneration, elevated blood sugar and more. He also claimed that CBD has anti-cancer properties and can regenerate brain cells and reduce the brain's levels of amyloid beta — a kind of protein that's been linked to Alzheimer's disease. I asked for references, noting that most of these weren't listed in the Academies report or a similar review published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. "I think you just have to Google search it," he said. It's true that a preliminary study found hints that cannabinoids might reduce beta amyloid proteins in human brain cells, but the study was done in cells grown in a lab, not in people. As for cancer, the FDA sent warning letters last year to four companies that were selling products that claimed to "prevent, diagnose, treat or cure" cancer.
Yes, CBD oil can be used in anxiety. It has been found that CBD can even be a very effective remedy for it. At least that's what a lot of users report about CBD. But there are already some scientific studies which can confirm this statement, which we will look at in more detail on this page below. Also, there are countless reports from people who use CBD for anxiety with sometimes amazing results. Which can also be found on our site Reviews & Testimonials.
Answering the question "what is CBD oil" would be incomplete without mentioning the many CBD oil benefits. In addition to positively affecting the endocannabinoid system, CBD has been the focus of more than 23,000 published studies about cannabinoids in relation to various medical indications including anxiety, epilepsy, inflammation, cancer and chronic pain to name few. For a more comprehensive look at these and other studies, visit our medical research and education page.
India is the main cultivator of all the world's turmeric crops and consumes 80% of the world's supply. Due to the high content of the main bioactive component in turmeric (curcumin) Indian turmeric is considered to be the best in the world for medicinal purposes. The Indian city of Erode, located in the South Indian State of Tamil Nadu, is the trading hub for turmeric in the Eastern hemisphere. Erode is so well known for its turmeric production that it is referred to as "Yellow City," and "Turmeric City" (similar to the way that my living room couch is covered in yellow stains from my frequent turmeric sprinkling on most of the dinners I eat).
I have taken CBD oil in the past, and am also a medical cannabis patient; however I have had some very bad interactions that I thought you might be able to help troubleshoot. I suffer from migraine, lower back pain, digestive issues and insomnia. Initially I saw great results in all aspects of my health when I began taking CBD and shortly thereafter augmented this with vaporized medical cannabis.
You then take your first drop of CBD oil, wait 45 minutes, then ask the questions again. If you feel no different and there's no change in the way you answer those questions, you increase the dose by small increments until you do notice a difference. You can continue this process over several days – and at some point, you'll find that taking more doesn't change your scores. That is your minimum effective dose.
At Charlotte's Web, we stand behind our products 100%. We work hard to ensure that our quality is second to none, and thousands of our customers agree that this difference is something you will experience. We're so convinced our products will make a difference you can actually feel, that if any product doesn't meet your expectations, we want you to send it back within the first 30 days of delivery and we will happily give you the opportunity to exchange for another product or receive a full refund.
I put two drops in my coffee (yes, I realize mixing hemp oil with caffeine is a bananas thing to do, but I need coffee and it is recommended on the website). The oil is much less unpleasant to take this way, although it does hugely change the taste of your coffee, so perhaps save it for your instant coffee, rather than your $5 slow-roasted French drip latte.
If you have a nervous or misbehaving pet, you may be at a loss when it comes to how to help them. Anxiety in dogs can be extremely hard to treat — after all, it's not like you can have a conversation with your dog to find out what is wrong or how you might be able to help. However, you may have seen CBD making headlines as of late. What is CBD used for when it comes to pets? The answer may surprise you!
As the brain ages, the creation of new neurons slows down significantly. In order to maintain brain health and prevent degenerative diseases, new cells need to be continuously created. A 2008 study showed that low doses of CBD- and THC-like cannabinoids encouraged the creation of new nerve cells in animal models, even in aging brains.[192] CBD also benefits the brain by helping to prevent other nerve-related diseases like neuropathy and Alzheimer's disease.
Zuardi, A. W., Crippa, J. A., Hallak, J. E., Bhattacharyya, S., Atakan, Z., Martin-Santos, R., … & Guimarães, F. S. (2012). A critical review of the antipsychotic effects of cannabidiol: 30 years of a translational investigation [Abstract]. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 18(32), 5,131–5,140. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22716160
After seasonal harvests of specific cultivars, these high-CBD hemp crops are put through a specialized solvent-free extraction process to yield a hemp oil that is naturally high in cannabidiol. This pure hemp extract is then tested for safety, quality, and cannabinoid content before being exported to our processing facilities in the United States. Importing any cannabis or hemp product into the United States is a complicated and serious task, so we leave nothing to chance before our high-CBD hemp oil makes its journey across the Atlantic Ocean.
My mother was thinking about trying CBD because she heard it would help with her diabetes and I was wondering how good is CBD at controlling sugar levels as my mother has tried multiple insulin drugs and they might work for a while but then stop working from what I understand. She got her diabetes from the Growth Hormone Drug back in 2009 and she also got some type of rare mouth Tumor which the doctor did the surgery to remove it wrong and caused it to spread. Will this work at controlling her sugar levels as she gets both high and lows, for example, she once had her sugar levels so high that it was unreadable and the doctors were amazed that she was still alive plus she also gets lows sometimes. Also, because of diabetes, she has neuropathy where she is losing feeling in her toes and does not feel the heat from hot products when she picks them up, will this product also help with the neuropathy and any remaining tumor?
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects mood, social behavior, sleep, memory, appetite, and sexual function. It is believed that anxiety and depression occur when the brain isn't properly using serotonin. 5-HT1A is a subtype of serotonin receptor, and CBD oil enhances 5-HT1A transmission. This allows for your brain to make use of the serotonin in the synaptic space, instead of it just going back into the brain. This is what makes CBD oil regulate your mood and reduce anxiety.
Stage III Vulvar Cancer is visiting my body. I am taking CBD oil from the dispensary in Massachusetts. I put a rice grain size rubbed inside my mouth under my tongue. It is so terrible tasting, especially now with Chemo and Radiation, my stomach is ok, but I am getting almost nausea when putting the CBD Oil on my gums. Can I take it rectally or vaginally? Have you ever heard of this? Is it still just as effective as taken orally. I am only doing this because of my condition. It does help me sleep and I am more relaxed. I just wish I did not have to taste or smell it.
"THC"—the more-famous, high-inducing compound in cannabis—"works directly on the cannabinoid system, meaning it attaches to receptors and mimics some of our own internal endocannabinoids," says Igor Grant, a professor and chair of psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. But CBD's interaction with the endocannabinoid system is subtler. "Normally, these endocannabinoid-signaling molecules are broken down by enzymes, and one thing CBD does is interfere with the actions of those enzymes."
For you aspiring Bulletproof Coffee drinkers out there, this is a similar concept to the idea that you simply never get to feel several of the bioactive, wakefulness and focus-enhancing terpenoids in coffee until you have actually introduced fats and triglycerides into the coffee to help these terpenes cross your blood-brain barrier – hence the butter and coconut oil blended with the coffee.
This lack of transparency can be boiled down to a couple reasons that are all intertwined. First, what's holding everything back is the taboo against cannabis ("marijuana") that continues to exist in our society. We still hear amazingly exaggerated horror stories of what marijuana can do to us. The Reefer Madness that started back in the 1930s hasn't gone away. This recent video of Gary Johnson faking a heart attack because of a ludicrous claim against marijuana is just one example.
Cannabidiol is a chemical in the Cannabis sativa plant, also known as marijuana. Over 80 chemicals, known as cannabinoids, have been identified in the Cannabis sativa plant. While delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the major active ingredient, cannabidiol makes up about 40% of cannabis extracts and has been studied for many different uses. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), because cannabidiol has been studied as a new drug, products containing cannabidiol are not defined as dietary supplements. But there are still products labeled as dietary supplements on the market that contain cannabidiol. The amount of cannabidiol contained in these products is not always reported accurately on the product label.
Several studies have found that the use of CBD oil is helpful in reducing anxiety, meaning it could be a beneficial natural remedy for sufferers. Back in 2011, a study published in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology found that when people with generalised social anxiety disorder (SAD) were given 600mg of CBD oil prior to a public speaking test, as opposed to a placebo, they experienced significantly less anxiety, difficulty and discomfort during their speech.
CBD Essence company unquestionably understands some facts about hemp oil. The proprietor Don has genuinely been around the pharmaceutical business for many years, and subsequently, he knows how to convey a quality and successful item. Every one of their oils is made utilizing CO2 extraction techniques. They maintain a strategic distance from CBD isolates, and they generally uncover lab test results to guarantee there is no substantial metals or contaminants in the oil.
I recommend CBD International to everyone I know who is fighting cancer including the Hospice team taking care of my daughter. All the different nurses always ask, they have many patients asking. If I can save anyone the three months it took me to find you, that time saved could save a life. When you find yourself in a situation like a cancer diagnosis, you are searching for something to help, you really don't know what you are getting. My visits to the medical marijuana shops in Southern California left me frustrated, they are not knowledgeable and kept steering me to edibles and hash oil and trying to find the correct treatment was for me, about the only thing I could do for my daughter that might help her and the only thing she was willing to try. From the very first contact on your website, to the questionnaire to all correspondence, so timely and the integrity and kindness you and your company have shown me, I can't praise you enough. You guys are the real deal.
One critical factor you can use as a gauge to the quality is price. Expect to pay in the neighborhood of $50+ for a bottle of high quality CBD oil, though that's not the only marker. It's also important to investigate the company's website and/or talk with a distributor because reputable dealers conduct independent lab tests and are committed to the quality of their product.
Are you willing to share what you're anxiety is about? I had panic and anxiety attacks for years and used Ativan and later Lorazepam for them, especially when I had to fly in planes. About 6 years ago I started taking Citalopram antidepressant, and all my anxiety/panic attacks went away. I only had it again recently during my withdrawal process. I know my relief from anxiety is from the Citalopram. I even did 7 zip lines in Costa Rica a little over a year ago. My flights there, to Panama and back were anxiety free. That has been so incredible for me! I love traveling now.
The dosages mentioned do not take into account the strength of the tincture. I have Elixinol 300, I took 1/2 dropper (0.5ml, which offers 5mg of CBD) as indicated on the bottle and felt severely nauseous for 3 hours thereafter. There is no way I cold take this dose twice per day, as recommended on the bottle. The high dosages on this site must surely be for much weaker concentrations?
REM behavior disorder: REM behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia disorder characterized by shouting, becoming physically agitated, or otherwise acting out during sleep. For many, RBD is a symptom of a larger, more serious condition or disorder, such as Alzheimer's disease or PTSD. CBD oil minimizes the symptoms of RBD, and also alleviates the anxiety and painful symptoms that often accompany disorders that lead to RBD.
I should begin by clarifying the fact that I am *not* a physician and this is *not* to be interpreted as medical advice. Please talk to a licensed medical professional about all of this! Studies conducted to evaluate the safety of CBD intake for pregnant mothers found it to have no significant effect on developing embryos: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7568154
There are more than 80 cannabinoids found in cannabis plants, with THC being the primary one, followed by CBD. However, in the hemp plant, which is a different strain of the species Cannabis sativa, CBD is the main active ingredient, and THC is barely present, making its use and legality more widespread. The reason that CBD is such an effective form of support for human health is due to the body's endogenous cannabinoid system. This regulatory structure of the body has millions of cannabinoid receptors in the brain and nervous system, which react not only to plant-derived cannabinoids (such as hemp and marijuana) but also to natural cannabinoids produced within our body. When hemp oil is used and processed by the body, it is effectively boosting the function of the endocannabinoid system, helping our body regulate itself in many different ways.
CBD and THC interact with body cells by activating the cannabinoid receptors. By transmitting signals throughout our bodies, these receptors cause different physiological effects. Some cannabinoids are beneficial to us, while others cause undesirable psychotropic effects in our bodies such as "highs" or depression. Some of these substances cause both. There are as yet no studies that show undesirable effects from Cannabidiol, which is why it is legal worldwide. However, many studies show that CBD causes only desirable effects or no effects at all. Certain studies also show that CBD protects against the negative effects of THC. Note that a whole lot of research on Cannabidiol is still in the pipeline.
CBD Essence company unquestionably understands some facts about hemp oil. The proprietor Don has genuinely been around the pharmaceutical business for many years, and subsequently, he knows how to convey a quality and successful item. Every one of their oils is made utilizing CO2 extraction techniques. They maintain a strategic distance from CBD isolates, and they generally uncover lab test results to guarantee there is no substantial metals or contaminants in the oil.
I have taken CBD oil in the past, and am also a medical cannabis patient; however I have had some very bad interactions that I thought you might be able to help troubleshoot. I suffer from migraine, lower back pain, digestive issues and insomnia. Initially I saw great results in all aspects of my health when I began taking CBD and shortly thereafter augmented this with vaporized medical cannabis.
Eventually, Bekkii built up the confidence to leave the psychiatric unit, but still found it "close to impossible to lead a normal life" due to her anxiety. With treatment options narrowing, Bekkii began to research other ways she might be able to counter her anxiety, and stumbled upon a blog written by a woman who was using CBD oil for her mental health problems. Her mum had seen that a local pharmacy stocked CBD oil made by Celtic Wind Crops, and she decided to give it a try.
This is just a small sample of the research showing the role that CBD plays in reducing stress and reducing anxiety. I've found that as little as 10mg CBD vastly lowers my anxiety at the end of the day, and have dosed with as high as 100mg CBD to be as calm as a baby during trans-Atlantic plane flights, nights sleeping in hotel rooms, and other situations where I have difficulty sleeping or tend to be stressed out. The stuff works like a charm, and saves me from having to hunt down an unhealthy, addictive alternative like valium or diazepam.
Instead, CBD acts as an agonist on an entirely different receptor called the 5-HT1A receptor, and this is how CBD actually works as an antidepressant with anti-anxiety and neuroprotective effects. It also serves as what is called an "allosteric modulator" of your opioid receptors, which is how it works to remove pain and reduce the effects of chronic inflammation. Other positive medical effects of CBD (there's over 60 of them, if you care to read up on them here) are due to increased intracellular calcium release and agonism of another receptor called the PPAR-γ receptor.
Instead, CBD acts as an agonist on an entirely different receptor called the 5-HT1A receptor, and this is how CBD actually works as an antidepressant with anti-anxiety and neuroprotective effects. It also serves as what is called an "allosteric modulator" of your opioid receptors, which is how it works to remove pain and reduce the effects of chronic inflammation. Other positive medical effects of CBD (there's over 60 of them, if you care to read up on them here) are due to increased intracellular calcium release and agonism of another receptor called the PPAR-γ receptor.
Hemplife Today makes quality CBD products affordable and accessible. That's great news for those suffering from anxiety, as the expense of taking therapeutic CBD for anxiety (which may mean regular small, doses for some, and occasional large doses for others) can become quite costly. Hemplife makes reasonable pricing a top priority, offers quantity discounts, and also runs regular promotions, with reduced prices for new customers or product bundles. Hemplife Today begins with pesticide-free, first-cut, non-industrial, and non-GMO hemp, and uses a CO2 extraction method. The company calls their CBD oil "CannnazALL," because of its broad array of hemp compounds, achieved through a proprietary "NanoTech Infusion Process" which re-infuses CBD extract with beneficial whole-plant Terpenes, Phytocannbinoids and plant Botanicals with the goal of capitalizing on the "Entourage Effect". The best fast-acting CBD for anxiety in their inventory is their vape liquid, while their oral CBD tincture and capsules can have a long-lasting effect. Hemplife Today's affordable and potent, fruit punch-flavored CBD vape liquid contains 60 mg of CBD per 5 ml vial. Their tincture contains 250 mg CBD per ounce, plus refreshing peppermint oil. Gelcaps are a great choice for thse in search of a portable, pre-measured dosing option, and have 25 mg per capsule.
And then I woke up on the concrete, a worried crowd gathered around me. "You had a seizure," my friend said gently as I blinked my eyes, trying to process this new information. I remember it was warm that night because I was wearing a sundress, and when I finally regained consciousness my first worry was that my dress flew up and everyone could see my underwear.
CBD (Cannabidiol) is a potent, non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in hemp oil. It is typically extracted from industrial hemp plants that are naturally high in CBD and other phytochemicals. It is the most prevalent of over 80 different cannabinoids found in natural hemp. It is commonly used for its therapeutic properties. Cannabidiol is responsible for a wide-range of positive health benefits through its interaction with the body's own endocannabinoid system.
And now, onto the thorny issue of legality. The simple answer to the question is yes – if it is extracted from hemp. The 2014 Farm Bill established guidelines for growing hemp in the U.S. legally. This so-called "industrial hemp" refers to both hemp and hemp products which come from cannabis plants with less than 0.3 percent THC and are grown by a state-licensed farmer.
In the United States, the CBD drug Epidiolex has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of two epilepsy disorders.[13] The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration has assigned Epidiolex a Schedule V classification while non-Epidiolex CBD remains a Schedule I drug prohibited for any use.[14] CBD is not scheduled under any United Nations drug control treaties, and in 2018 the World Health Organization recommended that it remain unscheduled.[15]
Buying online is less reliable still because there's no regulation or standardization. What you see on the label may not be what you are getting. A 2017 study in JAMA found that of the 84 CBD products researchers bought online, 43% had more CBD than indicated, while 26% had less, and some had unexpected THC. "There's a 75% chance of getting a product where the CBD is mislabeled," says Marcu, one of the study's coauthors.
In September 2018, following its approval by the FDA for rare types of childhood epilepsy,[13] Epidiolex was rescheduled (by the Drug Enforcement Administration) as a Schedule V drug to allow for its prescription use.[14] This change applies only to FDA-approved products containing no more than 0.1 percent THC.[14] This allows GW Pharmaceuticals to sell Epidiolex, but it does not apply broadly and all other CBD-containing products remain Schedule I drugs.[14] Epidiolex still requires rescheduling in some states before it can be prescribed in those states.[65][66]
Denise…i was the EXACT same way. I suffer from GAD as well as panic attacks. Im affraid to take any medications together. Ive been on everything…the lastest is Trintellix which i believe was given bc the med reps have given the docs a kick back. So i weaned myself off of the medication and bucked up and tried a full spectrum cbd…with my family and a close friend around me. My whole world has changed. Give it a try…trust me…life is a whole lot better not relying on man made chemicals. I will say this…i am currently on a cbd isolate due to worrying about job drug testing…which IS NOT as good as full spectrum. I will be switching back. Oh…I use Lazarus Naturals. All health to u my friend!
When it comes to treating anxiety, CBD seems to fight the roots of the problem instead of just masking the symptoms. Cannabidiol acts as a 5-HT1A agonist. 5-HT1A is an important serotonin receptor helping brain cells transmit more serotonin signals. This, in turn, results in reduced anxiety and improved mood. The therapeutic effects of CBD were proven in animal-model studies.
Among common CBD benefits, natural pain relief tops the list for many. Evidence suggests that cannabinoids may prove useful in pain modulation by inhibiting neuronal transmission in pain pathways. A 2012 study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine found that CBD significantly suppressed chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain in rodents without causing analgesic tolerance. Researchers suggest that CBD and other nonpsychoactive components of marijuana may represent a novel class of therapeutic agents for the treatment of chronic pain. (4)
Although CBD oils aren't regulated by the FDA, purchasing products stateside from one of the nine states where recreational and medical cannabis use is legal will likely result in a higher-quality product than buying one made with hemp-derived CBD oil imported from abroad, says Martin Lee, director of Project CBD, a nonprofit that promotes medical research into CBD.
The absolute best CBD hemp oil you can buy online will be one that is 100% organic, NOT "oiled" down with other products or oils, extracted from hemp without using any harmful chemicals, and NOT synthetic. After reading this article, "Best way to extract CBD from hemp, you will find that the supercritical CO2 process is a good way to make CBD oil, but it is not the best.
Oral CBD products with a ratio of 20:1 or higher and administered as drops, capsules, or edibles can be very effective in treating pain, especially the inflammatory type. Most discussions of treating pain with CBD suggest that finding the right dosage is critical. Always start with the micro dose to test sensitivity and go up as needed within the dosing range by body weight until symptoms subside. The micro to standard dose is usually recommended to treat pain, but patients need to carefully monitor their condition and experiment to find the right formula; 10–40 mg of CBD or CBD+THC together is usually enough.
CBD Isolates/Concentrates: Anyone familiar with smoking hash or other cannabis concentrates like wax and BHO will be no stranger to this delivery method. Simply sprinkle some into a vaporizer or water pipe, ignite, inhale, and enjoy! We find that this option is useful for individuals looking to elevate their regular consumption of CBD-rich cannabis flowers or other smokable herbs.
Fear and anxiety are adaptive responses essential to coping with threats to survival. Yet excessive or persistent fear may be maladaptive, leading to disability. Symptoms arising from excessive fear and anxiety occur in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Notably, PTSD and OCD are no longer classified as anxiety disorders in the recent revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5; however, excessive anxiety is central to the symptomatology of both disorders. These anxiety-related disorders are associated with a diminished sense of well-being, elevated rates of unemployment and relationship breakdown, and elevated suicide risk [1–3]. Together, they have a lifetime prevalence in the USA of 29 % [4], the highest of any mental disorder, and constitute an immense social and economic burden [5, 6].
When it comes to treating anxiety, CBD seems to fight the roots of the problem instead of just masking the symptoms. Cannabidiol acts as a 5-HT1A agonist. 5-HT1A is an important serotonin receptor helping brain cells transmit more serotonin signals. This, in turn, results in reduced anxiety and improved mood. The therapeutic effects of CBD were proven in animal-model studies.
Katie Wells, CTNC, MCHC, Founder and CEO of Wellness Mama, has a background in research, journalism, and nutrition. As a mom of six, she turned to research and took health into her own hands to find answers to her health problems. WellnessMama.com is the culmination of her thousands of hours of research and all posts are medically reviewed and verified by the Wellness Mama research team. Katie is also the author of the bestselling books The Wellness Mama Cookbook and The Wellness Mama 5-Step Lifestyle Detox.
Denise…i was the EXACT same way. I suffer from GAD as well as panic attacks. Im affraid to take any medications together. Ive been on everything…the lastest is Trintellix which i believe was given bc the med reps have given the docs a kick back. So i weaned myself off of the medication and bucked up and tried a full spectrum cbd…with my family and a close friend around me. My whole world has changed. Give it a try…trust me…life is a whole lot better not relying on man made chemicals. I will say this…i am currently on a cbd isolate due to worrying about job drug testing…which IS NOT as good as full spectrum. I will be switching back. Oh…I use Lazarus Naturals. All health to u my friend!
James Joliat, a 35-year-old video producer in Denver, has long experienced muscle and joint pain—mostly related to sports injuries. He says he started looking at natural remedies as an alternative to the prescription patches and pills his doctor recommended. After experimenting with homemade rubs infused with plant compounds—stuff like arnica and turmeric—he eventually stumbled onto topical cannabidiol (CBD) rubs.
Correct, I am not a doctor, and this is not to be interpreted as medical advice. I would recommend you talk to a licensed medical professional about all of this. I'm not sure what the product is so I can't recommend guidelines for taking it. If you're referring to my product, NatureCBD, as a general guideline, start with 2-3 capsules a day and not exceeding 5 tablets in 24 hours. I have personally seen no contraindications for CBD and blood pressure meds.
Szaflarski explains that cannabis contains about 500 different compounds, some of which—including CBD and THC—interact with certain chemical receptors in the human nervous system. But unlike THC, CBD isn't psychoactive—meaning it doesn't cause any kind of a high. Despite that, the US Drug Enforcement Agency classifies CBD (and other cannabis compounds) as schedule I substances, making their sale illegal in many states.
WR = Wistar rats; SM = Swiss mice; L-E HR = Long–Evans hooded rats; i.p. = intraperitoneal; dlPAG = dorsolateral periaqueductal gray; i.c.v. = intracerebroventricular; PL = prelimbic; IL = infralimbic; BNST = bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; CeA = amygdala central nucleus; SNpr = substantia nigra pars reticularis; CUS = chronic unpredictable stress; GSCT = Geller–Seifter conflict test; CER = conditioned emotional response; EPM = elevated plus maze; VCT = Vogel conflict test; CFC = contextual fear conditioning; RS = restraint stress; ETM = elevated T maze; PAG E-stim = electrical stimulation of the dlPAG; L-DT = light–dark test; SI = social interaction; OF = open field; MBT = marble-burying test; PS = predator stress; NSF = novelty suppressed feeding test; GABAA = γ-aminobutyric acid receptor A; dlSC = deep layers superior colliculus; REM = rapid eye movement; NA = not applicable
Throughout recent years, cannabis oil has been utilized as a viable treatment for anxiety and depression. Moreover, it is continually being looked into by researchers. Truth be told, the impacts of CBD on anxiety is at present thought to be a standout amongst the most captivating and well-funded sectors of current cannabis research; if development proceeds in the way that it has in the course of the past years, at that point we will unquestionably expand exceptionally compelling means by which oils for anxiety and depression can be utilized as a viable treatment.
But, uh, what is it that CBD is supposed to do? I visited a cannabis dispensary in Boulder to find out what the hype was all about. After passing an ID check, I was introduced to a "budtender" who pointed me to an impressive array of CBD products — tinctures, skin patches, drink powders, candies, salves, massage oil, lotions, "sexy time personal intimacy oil" and even vaginal suppositories to treat menstrual cramps.
A 2006 study found that CBD treatment significantly reduced the incidence of diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice from an incidence of 86 percent in non-treated mice to an incidence of 30 percent in CBD-treated mice. CBD benefits also showed a significant reduction of plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A histological examination of the pancreatic islets of the CBD-treated mice revealed significantly reduced insulitis. (16)
CBD, or cannabidiol, is an extract from cannabis. Helping to reduce anxiety, overactive mind, paranoia, inflammation, and a host of other problems in the body, CBD for insomnia is a great choice. This is due to CBD's ability to regulate sleep cycles, helping to decrease activity in the brain and lead you to a restful, relaxed state of mind. For those with major insomnia, CBD proves to be a powerful cure — especially if you would prefer not to take prescription drugs or sleep aids.
The regular followers of this blog would know that I suffer from back pain and sleep disorders. So, before I test out CBD products, I give myself a break from CBD to see how the product affects me fully. Fab CBD sells, 4 versions of the CBD Oil with 150mg, 300mg, 600mg and 1200mg. For people who like flavors with their oils, there are different flavors available too.
Although anxiety disorders are generally treated with psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of the two, many people opt to forgo these standard approaches and self-treat with products like CBD oil. According to a survey published in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research in 2018, almost 62 percent of cannabidiol users reported that they used CBD to treat a medical condition, with the top three conditions being pain, anxiety, and depression.
Cohen has found that chronic conditions including autoimmune diseases and pain syndromes can be helped with a 6-mg under-the-tongue tincture (the fastest delivery system) or a 25-mg capsule taken twice a day. Dosages for topical products like lotions are especially hard to determine—there's no clarity on how much CBD gets into the system through the skin.
Prescription medicine (Schedule 4) for therapeutic use containing 2 per cent (2.0%) or less of other cannabinoids commonly found in cannabis (such as ∆9-THC). A schedule 4 drug under the SUSMP is Prescription Only Medicine, or Prescription Animal Remedy – Substances, the use or supply of which should be by or on the order of persons permitted by State or Territory legislation to prescribe and should be available from a pharmacist on prescription.[77]
Lemon balm, AKA "Melissa Officinalis" was dedicated to the goddess Diana, and used medicinally by the Greeks some 2,000 years ago. In the Middle Ages, lemon balm was used to soothe tension, to dress wounds, and as a cure for toothache, skin eruptions, mad dog bites, crooked necks, and sickness during pregnancy, and as a medicinal plant, lemon balm has traditionally been employed against bronchial inflammation, earache, fever, flatulence, headaches, high blood pressure, influenza, mood disorders, palpitations, toothache and vomiting.
Of course, if you're a regular podcast listener or you read my recent article on the "The Effect Of Weed On Exercise: Is Marijuana A Performance-Enhancing Drug?", then you already know that subsequent to the legalization of weed in my home state of Washington, I've been experimenting with edible tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) for exercise performance, and also experimenting with vaporizing indica-rich strains of marijuana for creativity, relaxation and sleep.
I love remedies that have many uses (like emu oil), and cannabidiol oil (or CBD or hemp oil) is gaining popularity for this reason. This oil extracted from the hemp plant has come under a lot of legal and moral questions. Opinions may differ but what can't be ignored is the incredible healing power CBD oil seems to possess and how versatile it is as a supplement and natural remedy.
Your endocrine system consists of glands throughout your body which regulate everything from energy levels to metabolism to sex drive. One major function of this system is to produce excitation in response to stress, which is of course necessary for survival, but when it gets out of hand it can be a source of excess stress. One big effect of cannabidiol in the endocrine system seems to be to protect against excess stress by reducing susceptibility to stress-induced activation in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. CBD significantly decreases plasma cortisol levels, and this is actually why I started using CBD in the first place – to reduce my cortisol.
It is for this reason that all the finished hemp goods that you see for sale in America, from food products to clothing to building materials, are part of an imported hemp industry that has surpassed $688 million annually. The size of this import industry is one of the major catalysts for hemp legalization in the U.S. As a renewable source of a range of products, hemp provides an exciting new step in American agriculture.


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On-Site Engineer
Closing date: 10 May 2019
Location: On Site (London)
Ref Num: A5948
CDW UK seeks punctual, reliable and professional On-Site Engineer to join the team.
Are you:
- Willing and able to deal with problem situations on a daily basis?
- Passionate, professional with a can-do attitude at all times?
- Keen to build productive working relationships with local and remote personnel?
If so, the Recruitment team wants to hear from you by noon on 10 May 2019!
As our On Site Engineer you will assist in the provision of technical day to day support for Coworkers and assist in Internal IT project work. Additionally you will deliver deployment and desktop services to support the day to day running of the CDW-UK desktop estate and to support project initiatives that are being under taken by CDW-UK Internal IT.
For full details please download the job spec here.
- GCSE or equivalent
Preferred Certifications
- CompTIA A+
- CompTIA Network +
- ITIL Foundation
- MCSA: Windows 10
- Full UK Driving License
Experience and Skills
- Understanding the importance of business processes and compliance
- Excellent communication skills
- Experience of AD to manage user accounts
- Microsoft Office knowledge - Word, Excel and Outlook
Before you apply, why not take a look at the top ten reasons to join CDW...
Please note, your application will be retained for a period of six months. After this period it will be removed from our systems.
To apply for this position, please click 'Apply Now' and send your CV and a covering letter.


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315 East Northfield Road, Suite 2E
Livingston, NJ 07039
Have you ever considered natural-looking, permanent dental implants instead of uncomfortable dentures? Incredible recent advances in technology allow Livingston area dental implants dentist Dr. Robert Tanne to create tooth implants just for you that can be permanently anchored to your jaw. This is a great option to consider if you've had negative experiences with dentures in the past.
If you're looking for dentures that look great and last, look no further than Robert F. Tanne, DMD, PA located in the Livingston, NJ area. Robert Tanne, D.M.D. will assess your needs and fit you with durable, comfortable, natural-looking dentures - at a price you can afford.
With dental anesthesia, Livingston area dentist Robert Tanne, D.M.D. you can have extensive dental treatments done during one appointment. You won't feel any discomfort during the procedure.
Your oral health is too important to put off. Feel free to talk to us about how dental anesthesia can make your life easier, and your teeth healthier.
The friendly, caring staff of Robert F. Tanne, DMD, PA in the Livingston, New Jersey area strive to make you feel comfortable and well-cared for at your dentist appointment. Robert Tanne, D.M.D. is committed to serving you and your family's dental needs, year after year. Come and see what we have to offer in a professional setting where top-notch customer service still matters.
A negative self image can be detrimental to many facets of your life. Livingston area dentist Dr. Robert Tanne understands the positive life-changing power that a healthy and beautiful smile can bring to you. Here at Robert F. Tanne, DMD, PA, we don't want you to be embarrassed any longer. Why not take your smile - and even your life - to a new level of self-confidence and beauty?
10 Washington Street
Bloomfield, NJ 07003
If you're looking for denture repair in the Bloomfield area, our team at Bloomfield Dental Designs offers friendly service. Dr. Alvarez understands the importance of reliable dentures that fit properly.
We'll get your repairs done professionally and quickly. You'll be able to eat and smile again with confidence as soon as possible.
Bloomfield area restorative dentistry at Bloomfield Dental Designs can produce natural-looking results. If you have a damaged or missing tooth, we can help.
Our highly skilled team will assess your need for a crown, bridge, implant or other procedure to restore or improve your smile. Our goal is to provide quality dental care for your life-long oral health.
Bloomfield area cosmetic dentist Boris Alvarez, D.D.S. has extensive experience creating beautiful smiles. They're one of the first things people notice about you.
Our professional team will be happy to discuss your aesthetic dentistry options. The attractive results you'll get from Bloomfield Dental Designs can change your life!
Boris Alvarez, D.D.S., provides general dentistry for people of all ages. Dental health is important during your entire life. When your teeth are healthy, it follows that you will be healthier, and your quality of life increases. No matter what your age, Bloomfield Dental Designs is here to serve your dental needs in the Bloomfield, New Jersey area.
For your convenience, Bloomfield Dental Designs offers same days relines and repairs. If your dentures need repair, call Bloomfield area dentures dentist Dr. Boris Alvarez immediately. Any repairs that are needed as a result of your reline can be taken care of on the same day as your reline appointment.
373 Ford Avenue
Fords, NJ 08863
For comfortable dental hygiene treatment in the Fords, New Jersey area, Dr. Steven Puma is known for having a gentle touch. The friendly team at Steven A. Puma, D.D.S provides teeth cleaning for a whiter smile.
Maintaining good dental hygiene is the foundation for healthy teeth and gums. We're committed to helping you have a lifetime of oral health.
Fords area cosmetic dentist Steven Puma, D.D.S. has extensive experience creating beautiful smiles. They're one of the first things people notice about you.
Our professional team will be happy to discuss your aesthetic dentistry options. The attractive results you'll get from Steven A. Puma, D.D.S can change your life!
Steven A. Puma, D.D.S practices the highest infection control standards to protect our patients and ourselves. In the Fords, NJ area, Dr. Steven Puma and his staff strictly observe all Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines. All instruments are cleaned, disinfected and routinely sterilized as recommended by the American Dental Association and the Centers for Disease Control. Whenever possible, disposable, single-use items are used to ensure your safety.
Fords area restorative dentistry at Steven A. Puma, D.D.S can produce natural-looking results. If you have a damaged or missing tooth, we can help.
Our highly skilled team will assess your need for a crown, bridge, implant or other procedure to restore or improve your smile. Our goal is to provide quality dental care for your life-long oral health.
For comfortable tooth cleaning in the Fords, New Jersey area, Dr. Steven Puma is known for having a gentle touch. The friendly team at Steven A. Puma, D.D.S provides dental hygiene treatments for a whiter smile.
Maintaining good dental hygiene is the foundation for healthy teeth and gums. We're committed to helping you have a lifetime of oral health.
Guerra, Jose A D.D.S.
2001 Marlton Pike E
Cherry Hill, NJ, 08003-1292
Andreassi, Val D.D.S.
1765 Springdale Rd # C2
Cherry Hill, NJ, 08003-2177
Altaker, Stephen P D.D.S.
101 Hart Rd
Cherry Hill, NJ, 08034-1725
Bachstein, Benedict J D.D.S.
303 Kings Hwy S
Cherry Hill, NJ, 08034-2579
It's important for your dentist to know if you have diabetes, and how you're controlling it. Good control of your diabetes affects your oral health as well as your overall health.
Diabetics tend to be less resistant to infection than non-diabetics, have more fragile bones, and take longer to heal after an operation.
An oral infection can make diabetes worse, which makes the infection worse, which makes the diabetes worse - and so on into a major medical problem.
Diabetics develop severe gum disease more often, too, especially over the age of 40. Once gum inflammation - gingivitis - sets in, it can erupt into periodontal disease or even infection in the jaw. In undiagnosed or uncontrolled diabetics, this could mean tooth loss.
Practice preventive dentistry and follow the medication, diet, and meal schedules recommended by your physician. This, with balanced rest and exercise, will bolster your resistance to disease, including oral infections and cavities.
If you're taking insulin injections, you may want to schedule appointments around your medication times. The stress of an examination or procedure can change the way your body uses insulin. Your dentist will want to be prepared to help you in case you have a reaction. And let him or her know if you are taking any other medications. Drug interactions can be serious.
You may want to have your gums examined (and have a dental cleaning) by a dental hygienist more often than twice a year - just to make sure nothing suspicious gets started.
And on the home front, good dental hygiene - controlling plaque, the invisible bacterial film that undermines teeth - is crucial. Home care rules to live by: brush at least twice a day and floss at least once a day. The more, the better.
The well-known risks for heart disease include smoking, obesity, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Now evidence suggests that having gum disease puts you at greater risk for cardiovascular (heart) disease.
The bacterial infection that causes periodontal disease also may affect the heart. In fact, all other conditions being equal, people with periodontal disease may have twice the risk of having a fatal heart attack as people that don't have periodontal disease. By taking care of your periodontal health, you can prevent or help control one of the risk factors for heart disease.
Although the exact mechanism of infection has not been determined, it is possible that the bacteria that cause periodontal disease enter the blood stream directly through the gum tissue. This can be precipitated by normal oral activities, such as brushing and chewing, that create tiny injuries in the gum and then release bacteria into the blood stream.
The bacteria can contribute to small blood clots that clog the arteries. There also is the possibility that the inflammation caused by periodontal disease contributes to the build-up of fatty deposits inside the heart arteries and the formation of blood clots. These clots can obstruct the normal blood flow, restricting the amount of nutrients and oxygen to the heart and resulting in a heart attack.
Oral bacteria can also travel to the heart and cause an infection of the lining or valves of the heart called infective endocarditis. People with a history of rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation, or heart murmur associated with various heart conditions are at greater risk of developing infective endocarditis and may require antibiotic treatment before dental procedures that may induce bleeding.
These procedures include oral surgery, tooth extraction, and routine cleanings. The best way to avoid infective endocarditis is by maintaining good oral health. But if you have any of the conditions that put you at greater risk for infective endocarditis, consult your cardiologist and dentist before starting any dental treatment.
Treatment of periodontal disease may be one of the ways you can help prevent heart disease and a heart attack. With meticulous oral hygiene, daily brushing and flossing, professional cleanings, and periodontal screenings, you may help save your teeth and your life.
By Laura Minsk, DMD


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3 Top Growth Stocks to Buy Right Now
Uber, Palo Alto Networks, and Shopify should be on investors' must-have list.
Shopify's e-commerce platform allows merchants of all sizes to build an online presence, including storefronts and fulfillment, payment, and shipping services.
Uber, Palo Alto Networks, and Shopify should be on investors' must-have list.
Investors see a world of opportunity out there.
The enabler of e-commerce is pivoting toward an opportunity that could power its next wave of growth.
These were the only three pot stocks to advance by a double-digit percentage in May.
These three e-commerce companies are growing much faster than eBay.
Alibaba, Shopify, and Activision Blizzard are tech sector survivors.
In a battle between two software-as-a-service giants, this is the differentiating factor.
Management talks Shopify Plus, Shopify Payments, and international performance.
Is now a good time to buy this outperformer?
These companies are tapping into retail's potential in all the right ways.