text:
Oral argument: October 5, 2009
Appealed from: Court of Appeals of Maryland (Aug. 26, 2008)
In 2003, Michael Shatzer ("Shatzer"), an inmate at the Maryland Correctional Institution, invoked his Miranda rights, refusing to speak about alleged sexual child abuse without an attorney present. The investigation into Shatzer's alleged sexual child abuse was closed later that year. In 2006, upon further evidence, the police opened a new investigation on the same matter and re-interrogated Shatzer, who had remained incarcerated for an unrelated offense during the entire interval. Shatzer waived his Miranda rights and made certain admissions. At trial, Shatzer moved to suppress the statements he made in 2006, arguing that the police's re-interrogation violated the Supreme Court's decision in Edwards v. Arizona, which held that, once a suspect requests counsel, the police and/or prosecutor may not subject that suspect to further interrogations until counsel is made available. Maryland argues that this presumption does not apply here due to (1) a break in police custody and (2) a substantial passage of time between Shatzer's request for counsel and the subsequent interrogation. The Court of Appeals of Maryland agreed with Shatzer, holding that the Circuit Court for Washington County erred by admitting Shatzer's statements. The Supreme Court's decision will likely impact the manner in which the police and prosecutors approach and interview suspects who have invoked their right to counsel.
- [Question(s) presented]
- [Issue(s)]
- [Facts]
- [Discussion]
- [Analysis]
Question presented
Is the Edwards v. Arizona prohibition against interrogation of a suspect who has invoked the Fifth Amendment right to counsel inapplicable if, after the suspect asks for counsel, there is a break in custody or a substantial lapse in time (more than two years and six months) before commencing reinterrogation pursuant to Miranda?
Is a confession made by a criminal defendant more than two years and six months after invoking his or her Fifth Amendment right to counsel admissible in court?
In 2003, the Hagerstown Police Department ("Police Department") began investigating Respondent, Michael Shatzer ("Shatzer"), for alleged sexual abuse of his three-year-old son. See Shatzer v. Maryland, 954 A.2d 1118, 1120 (Md. Ct. App. 2008). On August 7, 2003, Detective Shane Blankenship visited Shatzer at the Maryland Correctional Institution, where Shatzer was serving time for an unrelated offense. See id. At the meeting, Detective Blankenship advised Shatzer of his Miranda rights. See id.; see also Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966). After Detective Blankenship explained the purpose of his visit, Shatzer invoked his Miranda rights, refusing to speak about the allegations without counsel present. See Shatzer, 954 A.2d at 1120. Detective Blankenship immediately ended the interview, and the investigation was closed later that year. See id.
In February 2006, with Shatzer's son older and presumably able to make more specific allegations, the Police Department opened a new investigation on the same matter. See Shatzer, 954 A.2d at 1120. On March 2, 2006, Detective Paul Hoover interviewed Shatzer at the Roxbury Correctional Institution, where Shatzer, who had remained incarcerated for an unrelated offense during the entire interval, had been transferred. See id. at 1121. Detective Hoover explained the situation to Shatzer and then advised him of his Miranda rights. See id. Shatzer then signed a form waiving his Miranda rights, including his right to have counsel present during his interrogation. See id.
On March 7, 2006, Shatzer once again waived his Miranda rights before taking a polygraph test. See Shatzer, 954 A.2d at 1121. After Detective Shawn Schultz concluded that Shatzer had failed the polygraph test, detectives resumed questioning Shatzer. See id. During the ensuing interrogation, Shatzer allegedly became emotional and stated, "I didn't force him. I didn't force him." See id. After making this statement, Shatzer requested counsel and the interview ended. See id.
On June 16, 2006, the police charged Shatzer with a number of offenses, including sexual child abuse. See Shatzer, 954 A.2d at 1121. Before trial, Shatzer moved to suppress his 2006 statements on the basis that the statements were obtained in violation of Edwards v. Arizona, 451 U.S. 477 (1981). See id. The Circuit Court for Washington County (the "Circuit Court") denied Shatzer's motion to suppress, found Shatzer guilty of sexual abuse, and sentenced him to a term of fifteen years imprisonment. See id. Shatzer appealed to the Court of Appeals of Maryland, the Court of Special Appeals. See id. The Court of Appeals of Maryland reversed the Circuit Court's decision, holding that the Circuit Court erred in failing to suppress Shatzer's statements. See id.at 1138.
On January 26, 2009, the U.S. Supreme Court granted Maryland's petition for certiorari to determine whether a confession made by a criminal defendant more than two years and six months after invoking his Fifth Amendment right to counsel is admissible under Edwards. See Question Presented.
In this case, the Supreme Court will decide whether a confession made by a criminal defendant more than two and a half years after invoking his or her Fifth Amendment right to counsel is admissible under Edwards v. Arizona. The Supreme Court's decision in this case will impact the manner in which the police and prosecutors approach and interview suspects who have invoked their right to counsel. Petitioner, the State of Maryland ("Maryland"), argues that the Supreme Court intended its decision in Edwards to protect suspects against the inherently coercive pressure of interrogation in a police-dominated setting and, therefore, Edwards' presumption of coercion should not apply where no reasonable possibility of police badgering exists. See Brief for Petitioner, Maryland, at 9. Respondent, Michael Shatzer ("Shatzer"), on the other hand, argues that, in Edwards, the Supreme Court created a bright-line rule to ensure that statements made while a suspect is in custody are not obtained though coercion. See Brief for Respondent, Shatzer at 7.
Amici curiae, Attorneys General of thirty-seven states ("Attorneys General"), argue that a ruling in favor of Shatzer would create an unending extension of Edwards that fails to take into account the states' law enforcement interest in investigating new leads in order to solve dormant or "cold cases." See Brief of Amicus Curiae Florida, et al. in Support of Petitioner at 4-5. According to the Attorney Generals, such an extension would discourage the police from investigating new leads if a suspect were already incarcerated for another offense. See id.
Conversely, amicus curiae, National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers ("NACDL"), argue that finding an exception for a break in custody would undermine Edwards' goal of ensuring that statements made while a suspect is in custody are not obtained though coercion. See Brief of Amicus Curiae National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers ("NACDL") in Support of Respondent at 6. Preserving a suspect's right to choose to have counsel present during an interrogation serves both administrative and substantive purposes. See id. at 7. According to NACDL, an attorney may moderate an officer's potentially overbearing conduct, advise the suspect of his rights, assist in creating a dependable record of the interrogation, and advise a suspect regarding the advantages of a potential plea bargain to aid law enforcement in solving past or ongoing crimes. See id.
Although both Maryland and Shatzer argue that a ruling in their respective favor would increase clarity by providing judges and law enforcement with definite guidelines, the parties differ on how this clarity should be achieved. Amicus curiae, Criminal Justice Legal Foundation ("CJLF"), argues that establishing a clear time limit for Edwards' presumption would preserve the underlying rationale of adopting the presumption and reduce the cost of inquiring into factually similar cases. See Brief of Amicus Curiae Criminal Justice Legal Foundation ("CJLF") in Support of Petitioner at 18. According to CJLF, a specific cutoff would provide law enforcement with notice that once the accused has asked for counsel, officers may not request a new waiver for a fixed period of time. See id. at 18-19. Conversely, NACDL argues that Edwards's bright-line rule, in its current state, provides judges and law enforcement with a clear and easily enforceable line demarcating the boundaries of the right to counsel. See Brief of NACDL at 7. NACDL states Edwards' bright-line rule already informs police and prosecutors of permissible conduct during custodial interrogations, as well as informs courts of the circumstances in which they should deem statements obtained during interrogation inadmissible. See id. at 7–8.
Additionally, CJLF emphasizes that a decision in Shatzer's favor would extend Edwards so far as to immunize a suspect from re-interrogation regardless of the time elapsed after his or her request for counsel. See Brief of CJLF at 10. According to CJLF, such immunization would create "a class of [suspects] who are forever question proof – even though law enforcement officers would have no way of knowing that the [suspects] enjoys question-proof status." Brief of Florida, et al. at 6. Shatzer counters that CJLF disregards the fact that law enforcement officers may re-interrogate that "class" by having counsel present. See Brief for Respondent at 37. Additionally, Shatzer argues that supplying the accused with counsel benefits the prosecution in that it is more difficult for a suspect to argue that a statement made in counsel's presence is involuntary. See id.
The Supreme Court's decision will balance suspects' right to be free of police badgering with law enforcement's competing interest in bringing criminals to justice.
The Fifth Amendment prohibits a state from compelling a criminal defendant "to be a witness against himself." U.S. Const. amend. V. To ensure police compliance with this prohibition, the Supreme Court established a bright-line rule under which the police must inform a suspect of certain rights that he or she may exercise, including the right to counsel. See Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 439, 567–473, 479 (1966). Accordingly, a suspect's statements are inadmissible if the police fail to inform that suspect of his or her Miranda rights. See id. In Edwards v. Arizona, the Supreme Court created a second layer of protection to prevent law enforcement from badgering a suspect into waiving his or her right to counsel. See Michigan v. Harvey, 494 U.S. 344, 350 (1990); see also Edwards v. Arizona, 451 U.S. 477, 484–485 (1981). Under this rule, if a criminal suspect requests counsel, that suspect cannot be interrogated unless or until he or she obtains counsel or independently approaches authorities to confess or make incriminating statements. See Edwards 451 U.S. at 484–485. This creates an irrebuttable presumption of coercion, i.e. the court assumes that any statements that that suspect makes are the result of coercive pressures inherent to the interrogation process. See Arizona v. Robertson, 486 U.S. 675, 681 (1988). Lower courts are split as to whether or not a break in physical custody or the passage of time terminates this presumption. See Shatzer v. Maryland, 405 Md. 585, 599–600 (2008). Some courts hold that such a break or passage terminates the presumption while others hold that the presumption applies regardless. See id. at 599–600. In this case, the Supreme Court will resolve this split and decide if a break in physical custody or a significant lapse of time terminates Edwards' presumption of coercion.
Effect of a Break in Custody on Terminating the Presumption of Coercion
Petitioner, the State of Maryland ("Maryland"), argues that the presumption of coercion should not apply when its application does not further Edwards' goal of preventing police from badgering a suspect until he or she confesses. See Brief for Petitioner, State of Maryland at 9. Maryland argues that, because a break in custody creates a significant change in environment, it signifies an absence of police badgering. See id. at 21. Maryland argues that the coercive pressure of interrogation is largely due to an unspoken understanding between a suspect and his or her interrogator that the questioning will continue until that suspect confesses. See id. at 21. In cases in which there is a break in custody, however, the suspect is clearly not under that same pressure, because the first interrogation did, indeed, end without a confession. See id. at 24. Consequently, Shatzer's release back into the prison population created a break in custody and, thereby, a termination of the presumption of coercion. See id. at 22. Additionally, Maryland argues that the fact that Shatzer was released back into a confined situation, prison, is irrelevant, because an incarcerated individual grows accustomed to the prison system's restraints and is no longer affected by them. See id. at 22–23.
Amicus curiae, the United States, adds that most lower courts hold that a break in custody terminates the presumption of coercion, allowing the police to approach a suspect again. See Brief of Amicus Curiae United States in Support of Petitioner at 12. The United States argues further that the majority position is consistent with Miranda's underlying goal of minimizing pressure that is likely to coerce a suspect into confessing. See id. Additionally, the United States distinguishes this case from prior case law, which suggests that, once triggered, the Edwards presumptions lasts indefinitely, on the basis that all such cases involved suspects, who were in continuous police custody until re-approached. See id. at 14. The United States points out that, if a suspect still feels that he or she cannot participate in an interrogation without the assistance, he or she may simply re-invoke her right to counsel. See id. at 14. Finally, the United States argues that, for purposes of Miranda, a person serving a prison sentence is not in custody unless he or she is subject to additional restraints that surpass those of normal incarceration. See id. at 15–16, 18.
Conversely, respondent, Michael Shatzer ("Shatzer"), rejoins that Edwards' bright-line rule dictates that, if a suspect requests counsel, his or her interrogation must cease until counsel is present. See Brief for Respondent, Michael Shatzer at 10. Shatzer argues further that a break in custody should not limit Edwards' presumption, because a suspect's request for counsel is effectively a request for assistance in his or her interaction with law enforcement. See id. at 15. A suspect's intermittent release from custody does not alter or revoke this request for assistance. See id. Shatzer contends that recognizing a break in custody as a termination of Edwards' presumption would effectively nullify the presumption for most defendants, because most cases involve multiple interrogations and a break in custody. See id. at 15.
Additionally, Shatzer argues that he did not experience an actual break in custody, because the factors that Miranda identifies as contributing to compulsion, including societal isolation, confinement in an unfamiliar setting, physical discomfort, lack of control, fear, and confusion, are ever-present in the prison setting. See Brief for Respondent at 23–25. Shatzer also argues that he had no meaningful opportunity to seek counsel in prison, a factor that many lower courts, including the Maryland Court of Appeals, consider significant in determining whether a suspect has been afforded his Fifth Amendment right to counsel. See id. at 25–26. Finally, Shatzer argues that a prisoner often experiences additional fears that coerce him or her into confessing, including fear that a failure to cooperate or confess will negatively affect his or her release or lead to the imposition of harsher conditions. See id. at 26.
Effect of a Significant Lapse of Time on Terminating the Presumption of Coercion
Maryland argues that Edwards' additional layer of protection is unnecessary when police honor a suspect's request for counsel over a significant length of time. See Brief for Petitioner at 25. Maryland argues that a court should not presume that coercion exists when re-interrogation is so far removed in time from a suspect's initial invocation of his or her right to counsel; instead, a court should assess each case separately to determine if the police overreached. See id. at 25–28. According to Maryland, if a significant break in time occurs, such as the more than two and a half year break in this case, Edwards' presumption is inapplicable, because such a lapse does not remotely resemble the "'persistent attempts by officials to persuade [a suspect] to waive his [or her] rights' that the Edwards rule is designed to protect." See id. at 26.
Similarly, the United States argues that it is the combination of interrogation and custody that create the pressure that Miranda aims to counteract. See Brief of United States at 22. Accordingly, if a person knows he or she will be incarcerated irrespective of confession, a prolonged period without investigation serves to diffuse such pressure. See id. at 23.
Conversely, Shatzer argues that a lapse of time should not terminate Edwards' presumption, because it would be impossible to identify a non-arbitrary time after which Edwards' protections would not apply. See Brief for Respondent at 28. Furthermore, even if the Court were to draw a line, Shatzer argues that for some defendants, including Shatzer, obtaining advice to re-invoke their right to counsel after a specified period of time would be cost prohibitive. See id. at 32. In response, Maryland counters that a break in custody or the passage of a fixed period of time, determined by the Court, could serve as a clear breaking point. See Reply Brief for Petitioner at 3–4, 8.
In Maryland v. Shatzer, the Supreme Court will decide if a break in custody or a significant lapse of time terminates Edwards v. Arizona's irrebuttable presumption that any statements made by a criminal defendant after invoking his or her Fifth Amendment right to counsel are the product of a coercive interrogation environment. The Court's decision in this case will balance suspects' right to be free of police badgering with law enforcement's competing interest in bringing criminals to justice. The decision will likely impact the manner in which the police and prosecutors approach and interview suspects who have invoked their right to counsel.
Prepared by: Lilian Balasanian and Tamilia Chiu
Edited by: Lauren Jones
Additional Sources
- Annotated U.S. Constitution: Fifth Amendment (Self-Incrimination)
- Annotated U.S. Constitution: Fifth Amendment (Miranda Rights)
- Wex: Law about Exclusionary Rule
- Wex: Law about Fifth Amendment
- Wex: Law about Miranda Rights


text:
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text:
Thomas C. Neibaur No. 98595
October 16, 1918 422 South 12th St.
G. C. No. 118 W.D. 1918 Boise, Idaho
Thomas C. Neibaur, Private Company M. 167th Infantry 42nd Division. Near Landres-et-St. Georges, Frances, October 16, 1918. On the afternoon of October 16, 1918, when the Cote-de-Chatillon had just been gained after bitter fighting, and the summit of that strong bulwark in the Kriemhilde Stellung was getting organized, Private Neibaur was sent out on patrol with his automatic rifle squad to enfilade enemy machine-gun nests. As he gained the ridge he set up his automatic rifle and was directly thereafter wounded from a hostile machine-gun on his flank. The advance wave of the enemy troops, counter-attacking, had about gained the ridge and, although practically cut off and surrounded, the remainder of his detachment being killed or wounded, this gallant soldier kept his automatic rifle in fire from the skirmish line of his company at least one hundred yards in his rear and the attack was checked. The enemy wave being halted and lying prone, four of the enemy attacked him at close quarters. These he killed. He then moved along among the enemy lying on the lines, and by coolness and gallantry captured eleven prisoners at the point of his pistol and, although painfully wounded, brought them back to our lines. The counter-attack in full force was averted to a large extent by the single effort of this soldier, whose heroic exploit took place against the skyline in view of the entire battalion.
When, after a rather long journey on a very unlimited train, I landed at the small town of Sugar City, in the Snake River Country of the state of Idaho, which everyone knows is high up, and true Far West, I was met at the station by an elderly, blue-eyed man who told me he was the father of Thomas Neibaur, Congressional Medal of Honor. Sugar City is not a city; it is a small settlement, which has grown around a sugar factory built to make use of the many beets grown in the shallow valley. There are no cabs. Neibaur senior and I walked toward the house of the Medal of Honor man over the strewn golden cottonwood leaves of this beautiful October morning and as we walked, we talked. He told me that he worked in the sugar factory at night, and this made it possible for him to meet my train in the morning. Presently he would go to bed to sleep for the day.
. . .
He went on to tell me of the accident. It seems that Thomas Neibaur, Medal of Honor, is an oiler in the sugar factory. He was oiling a big machine when a cog seized the sleeve of his right arm. Slowly the cog drew the arm in. When another man who luckily had seen it had stopped the machine, it had to be dismantled to free the arm, which by this time had been badly mangled.
. . .
So when I advanced up the boardwalk to the front door of the Neibaur cottage, it was in fear of finding gloom and consternation behind the door. It opened and I saw four little children. They had been romping on the carpet; now they stood in line to be introduced, smiling with the utter trust, which is the Western Child's. There were Fay, seven years old; Marian, six; Keith, three and the baby LaMar, just one year old. The mother appeared, young, pink-cheeked; an overworked mother and housewife who refused to look overworked. The house was gay with cleanliness; the sun poured in through the wide windows; white starched curtains completed the effect of lightness and clearness.
In the center of the room Thomas Neibaur sat, his wounded, white-wrapped arm laid before him across the table. My first surprise was at his youth. But then he was not quite nineteen when he went into the war, and only a kid when he won the Medal. What struck me next were his eyes, clear gray-blue eyes in deep orbits – the eyes of a sharp-shooter. I found myself saying, "You must be a good shot."
He laughed, "Just a little better than the average around here," he said. Which must be fairly good, the "around here" being Idaho, on top of the world, where you shoot deer and bear, and, at that, a part of Idaho not so far from famous Jackson Hole, where what is shot hasn't always four legs.
. . .
He is a Westerner entirely. He was born in Idaho, in the Bear Lake Valley near Montpelier, on a farm. His father came to Idaho when two years old, from Salt Lake, where his father had come with ox team in 1848, in the days of the gold rush. Young Thomas Neibaur spent his boyhood on a farm, going to the public school of Teton, near Jackson Hole; and he was on a farm when the war came, before he was yet nineteen.
. . .
Tommy Neibaur was working on this brother-in-law's farm when, in March 1917, came President Wilson's call for twenty-five thousand volunteers. Tommy immediately became one of the first twenty-five thousand, enlisting in the Idaho National Guard a little over a week before the declaration of war. The Idaho National Guard was put to guarding railroads. From April to October Tommy guarded railroads. I asked him what he thought of military life.
He laughed and admitted that at first it did not seem so good. "I thought it was the bunk," he said. "It was hard to get accustomed to the way they did things. There seemed to be an awful lot of foolishness about it."
The guarding of railroads stopped in October, and the Second Idaho Infantry became part of the Forty-first Division, training at Camp Mills and then at Camp Merritt. He was a gunner in the 146th Machine Gun Battalion, and with that outfit went to France on the Olympic, in January, 1918. It was the first time he had seen the ocean.
"What did you think of it?" I asked.
"I thought it was big," he chuckled. "I had thought Salt Lake big before that, but this was surely bigger."
While in training over there, he was transferred, an infantryman once more, to the 167th Regiment of the Forty-second, or Rainbow, Division. The four infantry regiments of this division were from distinct parts of the land: the 166th of Ohio; the 168th from Iowa; the 167th from Alabama; while the 165th was the old Fifty-ninth Irish of New York. Neibaur was with the Alabama boys, who were to acquire a name for ferocity in battle and turbulence when at rest.
"A pretty tough bunch?" I suggested.
His eyes lighted up. "Well," he said, "They were a bit rough and a bit rowdy, but there were no boys who'd stand by closer. I'll tell you how it was. They were so full of life and pep they had to be doing something all the time. If there was nothing doing, then they'd have to do something. They'd raise hell."
When I asked him about some of the towns where he had been, he was again amused. "You see," he said, "We weren't in any towns. Towns weren't crazy to have the Alabamas and Headquarters seemed to think it was better for the towns if we weren't in them, and better for us if we weren't in the town. Two-third of us never knew where we were anyhow, and didn't care. Yes, we were a bit rough – "
"And what kind of solider were you?" I asked.
"A pretty tame one," he said quickly.
The division went to Lorraine, in "Quiet sector," where, Neibaur says, "We hated ourselves." IN the cold mud, under shell and gas, in endurance without much activity, they were learning, slowly being pickled into real soldiers. Then they were assigned to General Gouraud's army and thrown into the great defensive battle of Champagne. In March the Germans had attacked; had nearly destroyed the British army; and had almost taken Amiens. In May they had attacked and driven in the Chateau Thierry salient to within fifty miles of Paris. Now they were preparing a third assault, which was to be the last one, and the end of the war. But Gouraud had ascertained the time and place of this planned final drive. He had brought up much artillery; he had left his front lines with a light screen of observing troops and withdrawn his main body several kilometers, so that the enemy must stagger across a wide terrain under storm of fire before striking them.
It was a great battle to be in, for one's first. At midnight of July 14, the world suddenly became a stunned chaos of dreadful uproar. Both artilleries had started at once. All night the incredible din kept up, while shells dropped on the dugouts, bursting them open, or deluging the men in gas. All night, under this, the men patiently waited. At dawn little groups of the sacrificial thin front line began to trickle back. The enemy was approaching. The men left their holes and manned the defenses. For a long time they fired and fired across the level land without seeing anything. Then out of the haze and the smoke the German masses appeared.
Tommy Neibaur was an automatic rifleman; there were two in each platoon. He had a Chauchat automatic which sprayed twenty bullets one upon the other before having to be reloaded, swiftly, with another clip. Two boys at his side did the loading; he had only to shoot. He shot. Shot and shot and shot. All through the morning, through that afternoon, as attack after attack came to die at his feet like hissing foam of waves.
He says: "On the Chauchat automatic there's a sort of bell-shaped thingamajib which is supposed to keep it cool. It didn't keep mine cool. The gun was red-hot in my hands.
After that, Neibaur was in the hard battle of the Oureq, where he saw the brother regiment, the Irish 165th, almost wiped out. He saw the Irish fighting with the bayonet. "I never had to do that," he says, "thank God." Then he was at St. Mihiel, but the Alabamas were only in reserve.
So he came to the middle of October, 1918, and there was only a month of the war left, although no one knew that, and he was still a private, without the least decoration. Only a month of fighting left, and no decoration. Hurry up, Tommy Neibaur!
On October 11, the division was thrown full into the great battle of the Argonne, which had been raging since September 26. The sector given them was one in which the Thirty-fifth Division first had fought. It had gone on till exhausted and decimated. Then the veteran First had taken up. It too had gone on till spent; half of its infantry gone. And now the Forty-second was dumped before the formidable Driemhilde Stellung.
This was a cunningly arranged and intricately wired position consisting of three lines of entanglements and trenches. The first tangle of wire was breast high and as much as twenty feet deep, in small squares held strongly by iron supports, so that artillery fire had practically no effect upon it, unless the very ground in which it was planted was blasted off the planet. Back of this first entanglement were trenches four feet deep, with machine-gun nests set so that their fire criss-crossed, poured along every natural line of advance, and filled with buzzing steel the zigzag lanes left in sinister invitation within the wire. Behind this front line was a second line, and behind that a third. The division had this in front; behind them was an ocean of ooze, which made it impossible to bring up enough ammunition for the Irish who were to the left.
At five-thirty on the morning of October 14, the men left their water-soaked holes, and in mist and rain started across a lake of mud toward the barbed wire. All that day, and all the next, they broke themselves upon it, under a hail of machine gun fire and terrific bursts of shellfire. The line would advance till the bullets were one great wind. Many fell, others dropped into whatever shelter they could find. The order would be given to advance again. Three or four men would leap out, come into the line of fire; drop. Another group would leap forward to go down like the first. There would be another halt, while the enemy artillery searched the ground and with direct hits blew the men out of their holes. Then the order to try it again.
Thus for two days. On the morning of the sixteenth, what was left of the shattered regiment was gathered together and re-grouped. What once had been two or three squads was made into one squad; what once had been two or three platoons was made into one platoon; rags and tags of nearly destroyed companies were put together. M Company, Neibaur's, was huddled in a small wood of willows, and was under heavy shellfire. "Was there gas?" I asked. "Plenty of gas," he said heartily. A dreary rain fell. The men were cold, famished, exhausted. They had only one blanket apiece; for two days they had lived on their iron rations. "We didn't care who won the war now," said Thomas Neibaur, M.H.
The officers went among their men and told them that failure to take the Cote-de-Chatillion meant the loss of the great Argonne battle. The knoll was the key to the whole far-flung struggle, they said. It must be taken to win the battle and to win the war.
The Alabama boys went at it once more. By noon they had broken through the wire, and a little later had swept on clear to the top of the Cote-de-Chatillon.
As night approached a line was organized; the doughboys started to dig in against the counter-attacks sure to come.
Thomas Neibaur was in M Company and was the gunner of an automatic rifle crew. His gun was a Chauchat, weighed twenty-two founds, fired twenty rounds at a clip, and had fastened to it a rod which dropped perpendicularly when the gun was aimed, making a support very much like that seen in pictures of old blunderbusses.
The men of M Company spread out, were making the earth fly under their feet with shovels, and out in front with bullets. They were on a plateau and before them was a low ridge. They were, as it were, in the orchestra pit; the ridge was the stage.
And now, just as their long, bitter, three days desperate effort seemed about to be rewarded with success, and perhaps with a bit of relative rest, and perhaps with a bit of food for their hollow bellies, disaster stalked upon them. Men began to drop, singly or in groups. If anyone rose he was downed. If a head showed above a funk hole, a bullet burst it open. The work of organizing the position became impossible; and over that ridge ahead, soon, inevitably, a counterattack would be pouring. The entire company, or its pitiful remnant was pasted to the ground. A machine gun from somewhere had it enfiladed. Its deadly spout, from the side, was piercing its length as a needle threads bend.
To the left of the company was a wooded hollow; to the right was a wooded hollow; the wings, you might say, of the stage made by the ridge ahead. It was in the hollow to the right that the machine gun was hidden; and the holes in the dead, in the wounded, establish that.
Neibaur was lying in the hole he had dug, his automatic rifle pointed at the crest of the ridge over which presently the counter-attack would come, when Lieutenant Banks came crawling along, leaping from shelter to shelter and shouting for an automatic rifle team-gunner, a leader, a scout-volunteer who would try to get that murderous machine gun. Neibaur said he would go, and two other said they would go with him.
"What made you do it?" I asked him ten years later.
He threw back his head and laughed. "I don't know," he said. "A sudden rush of patriotism to the head, I guess."
The loader who had volunteered to go along was a big Italian called Boscarino. I am not sure of the spelling because Neibaur is not. "I don't know how to spell it," he said.
The name of the second volunteer he doesn't know at all. "I can't remember his name," he said, "but I can see him, all right, plain. He was a little bit of a guy, light-haired – the other extreme of Boscarino, who was big and black."
Neibaur, and the big Italian, and the little bit of a guy, set out to get the machine gun. Neibaur carried the Chauchat and the other two carried ammunition.
The ridge before the deployed company was like a stage. The murdering gun was in a hollow, which was like the right wings of that huge stage. But to the left was another wooded hollow, like the left wings of the stage, and it was toward this that Neibaur and his two companions started, and into it that, slowly creeping, they vanished.
After a little they reappeared. It was as if, having exited into the wings close to the footlights, they were re-entering the stage close to the backdrop. After going deep into the hollow, they had turned at right angles, then after awhile at right angles again. And now they were coming out upon the ridge, a hundred yards ahead of where they had started, a hundred yards in front of the deployed company.
Of the details of this movement Neibaur does not remember much. They crawled. They carefully crept to shelter. It was hard toil, what with the weight of the gun and the ammunition. It was heart-thumping toil, for at any moment they expected to run into a group of the enemy. Neibaur led. Few words were spoken, these having to do mainly with the direction and with the calculations necessary to keep under cover.
Coming out of the ridge they redoubled, if anything, their care. They were now fully one hundred yards ahead of the company, one hundred yards nearer the enemy's lines. They must keep from being seen from these lines; they must keep from being seen by the machine gun crew they were stalking; and, knowing how cunningly the Germans checker-boarded their deadly repeaters from other machine guns, surely set to protect with cross-fire the one they were stalking.
So they crept a little below the crest, to be out of sight of the main enemy lines; they crept low and went from hole to hole, from bush to bush, from stone to stone, hiding from the flanking machine gun they were after, and the others which were sure to be about. This was as if on a stage, in full view of their comrades below. They would vanish for long moments, and then a leap, some sudden rush, would bring them into sight; by those flashes their slow and infinitely hazardous progress could be followed, across stage, toward the right wings, where presently they would vanish again for the climax of the dramatic act – success or death.
Finally, Neibaur, Boscarino and the small blonde boy had reached that part of the ridge, which was the center of the stage. They came now upon new difficulty. A tangle of barbed wire was before them, a place where some sort of a redoubt had been begun by the enemy and abandoned.
They huddled low in a depression of the ground and considered. The obstacle was squarely in their path. It spread across to the right and the left as far as their limited vision reached. It was hopeless to go around it, or it would take too long (the machine gun they were after was still at the moment mercilessly prodding their comrades below). On the other hand, one cannot crawl over or through barbed wire. The only course was to stamp across and do this so swiftly that perhaps the leap could not be seen.
At Neibaur's word, the three sprang – Neibaur with his heavy gun, the other two with the heavy cases of ammunition. Raising knees high, they started across the wire.
They had almost crossed when pr-r-r-r-r, a machine gun sounded from somewhere. The three men spun into the air, and slapped the earth.
Neibaur found himself still conscious, though he knew he had been hit. Lying on the ground, he looked about for his comrades. The blonde, slight boy lay nearby, dead, Boscarino was lying a little further on. Neibaur crawled to him. He was still alive, but shot in many places, evidently done for. Neibaur gathered up the ammunition and with it crawled a few yards ahead where there was a hole behind a bank of earth. Here he examined his wounds. Three bullets had zipped through his right thigh.
These wounds were not bleeding very badly he decided, nor had the bone been shattered. He was still good. Good enough to go on with this job he had undertaken. He would push on alone.
He could see what he was after now. In the hollow flanking his comrades, he could see, among trees, a low parapet, helmets behind – the venomous nest of the gun, which was destroying the company.
He set up his Chauchat, he gathered himself. Then he heard the Germans coming.
He laughed as he told me this ten years afterwards. "I hear them, and I thought there were at least five thousand of them. I looked toward the noise, and they were coming over the top of the ridge. But there weren't five thousand – only about fifty. They were charging down on me, shouting and shooting, their bayonets fixed."
What was really happening (although he did not know it until later) was that the counter-attack had come, and that he was facing one of its waves. All alone, one hundred yards in front of his company, he was facing the lance point of the German counter-attack.
He let go with the automatic at the fifty or more charging towards him. Bullets were spattering earth all about him, throwing pebbles into his very teeth. He shot fast – a whole clip, twenty shots. Then another clips, twenty more shots. "Were you hitting many?" I asked.
"Yes, I was. Oh I knew I was! I could see them drop. But the other were still coming!"
He slipped a third clip of twenty cartridges into the automatic. It let out ten of these in one purr – then stopped. He beat at it with his hands, he jerked at the mechanism. To no avail. The gun had jammed.
"Then I gave up," he told me. "I dropped the damn old gun right there, and started down the hill toward my own guys below me."
It must not be thought that he simply ran erect down the hill toward the line of his company. The fire, which had been sweeping the battleground, had risen to a new climax. The Germans were letting go with everything they had; the Americans were letting go with everything they had. It was a crawl under this sweeping carpet of fire, leaping from hole to hole, that Neibaur descended toward his fellows.
He was half way down when a fourth bullet struck him – in the right hip, in the leg already thrice wounded. This was a deeper wound than the others (Neibaur carries the bullet still, in the joint). It affected the spine; Neibaur lapsed into unconsciousness. He lay there on the slope between the two armies. He does not know how long, although it must have been a short time, for when he came to, the action from which he had vanished so suddenly was going on like a film only briefly cut. He woke up – and found himself surrounded by Germans.
They were all around him -- about fifteen of them. He watched them out of the slit of one eye, playing possum. They were starting to go away! One by one they were turning from him and going about their red business. He saw something gleam on the ground about twenty feet from him. His automatic pistol. They had thought him dead; but to make safety still surer they had taken his pistol and thrown it well out of reach (how far can a dead man reach?) and now they were crawling on about further bloody affairs, leaving him for dead.
Behind their departing soles, he quickly scrambled to elbow and knee, crept to his pistol and secured it.
All this time his company, deployed below, had been firing heavily, of course, from their foxholes; and able to catch a glimpse of his movements, had held their fire away from him. But while he had been lying unconscious, he had been out of sight; and where he was now, recovered, pistol in hand, he was still out of sight. Up he rose to signal his whereabouts, in definite disinclination of being plugged by one of his own.
At this, fifteen Germans leaped out of a hole and came charging toward him with fixed bayonets, ferociously determined to end it with this dead man who so disloyally refused to stay dead. "How did they look?" I asked Neibaur. "I remember only one," he answered. "A great big fellow with a thick red beard like a ball of fire."
Why did they not fire? They didn't, and to this day Neibaur wonders why. They were out of ammunition, perhaps, he thinks. Maybe they did not think it necessary to shoot; not knowing he had regained his pistol.
But he had. He pulled them down, one, two three, four times. That boy who now says he shoots just a bit better than average "around here" – which means Sugar City, Idaho – must have been already in those days a little better than the average. Four of the charging men dropped dead in their tracks.
He held his fifth shot. Better face four men with a single cartridge in one's gun than three men with nothing in one's gun. Young Neibaur's lightning calculation proved the correct one. Before that gun, with its one sure death still within it, the assailants wavered, slowed – and suddenly they were raising their hands in the air, tossing their helmets to earth, to surrender to this young Jove of the thunderbolt.
Waving the gun, shouting, Tommy started the prisoners back toward his comrades. Out of shell holes on the way he picked up seven more, and came into the lines with the eleven almost intact, only slightly pinked during the final gallop.
On February 9, 1919, just out of the hospital and still wobbly on his legs, standing at attention, in the snow at Chaumont, he saw the Congressional Medal of Honor pinned to his breast by General Pershing himself. France gave the Legion of Honor and the Croix de Guerre with palm, Italy the Meritordi Guerra, and Montenegro its War Cross.
After the war, Thomas Neibaur did something, which he now declares to have been foolish. He plays the banjo. His neighbors tell that he plays it well. After the war, instead of getting right down to hard work, as those who didn't fight agree a soldier should do, Tommy Neibaur with his two brothers and two cousins, all of them musicians, formed an orchestra and toured about, strumming banjos – a foolish thing to do, now says Neibaur. Then he married Miss Lois Sheppard of Sugar City. After which, dropping the banjo, he took a vocational course in agriculture at the Utah Agricultural College. Practice he already had had – all his life. And now today, having practical knowledge and theoretical knowledge, he is crazy to have a farm, and sure he could make a go of it. But he has not the necessary capital, so he works as an oiler in the Sugar City Factory to support his wife and four little children.
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Windows 8 RTM C# – Capture Media
Sunday, September 23, 2012
Tweet I left JavaScript and started to work on Windows 8 Metro using C# and XAML, in this post I'll demonstrate how to use WinRT for Camera, File Picker and Audio Recording. Download Demo Project Step 1: Create Blank Metro Project and Initialize MediaCapture Taking pictures using Camera or File Picker is pretty easy using WinRT, we going to use the MediaCapture class for Audio Recording, CameraCaptureUI for taking Picture from the built in Camera and FileOpenPicker for choosing pictures from local directories. The MediaCapture class will allow us to capture: ...
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Stila is having a Mother's Day promotion all day long today. They have the above eye and cheek pallet with eye liner pencil on sale for just $22 (down from $39) (find it by clicking shop and eyes).
Enter the coupon code STILAMOMS at checkout and your order will ship for free!


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Casein is a slower absorbing protein in contrast to the much faster absorbing Whey protein. It's a good idea to use both proteins or get one of the blended ones recommended here. There's more information about this on the Types of Protein Powders page at the top of this website . The quality of the ingredients is good and it has no fillers. I also found it fine on my stomach when I took it.
Protein Content
Each serving ( 33g) has 24g of protein and also 9g of BCAAs which is very high.
Pricewise it is around average at $0.78/oz.
Taste & Mixability
Taste wise it is one of the better tasting casein proteins and I found it had a nice chocolate taste and not too artificial. I would however recommend using a blender as it does leave a few clumps if you just shake it in a bottle. Once blended though it is nice and creamy.
Other Reviews
This is a very popular casein based protein powder and scores high marks on several different review sites, scoring an average mark of 4.5 out of 5 on Amazon.
Product Features
- Anti-catabolic or muscle-protecting proteins
- Slow digesting protein that is beneficial throughout the day
- Takes twice as long to be broken-down into their amino acid subcomponents, than whey and other proteins
Product Description
Sometimes slower is better – especially when it comes to the rate of protein digestion. While rapid protein absorption is desirable immediately before or after exercise, delayed release is probably more beneficial throughout the remainder of the day. Casein proteins are pH sensitive and gel in the acidic environment of the stomach. As a result, it can take more than twice as long for caseins to be broken down into their amino acid subcomponents than whey and other proteins. Because of their unique time-released qualities, caseins are aptly described as anti-catabolic or muscle-protecting proteins.


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Emory, Texas Passport Office Information
Residents of Emory in Rains County, Texas have only a single location from which they can get a passport application sealed at. The passport agent in Emory can provide you with passport forms or witness your signature and seal your passport documents (if you don't need your passport application sealed then you do not need to visit an acceptance agent). Besides the 1 location there are 487 other locations in the state of Texas from which you can get a passport application sealed at. If you are not needing a passport in Emory for a least (3) weeks, you can visit the sole passport acceptance agent listed below the map on this web page. If you need it faster than (3) weeks we have provided the closest regional passport offices to Emory, Texas and Expedited Passport service options for Emory.
Regional Passport Offices Close to Emory:These are passport issuing facilities. You will need to make an appointment and present proof of upcoming travel but in most cases, you will be able to get passport renewal, new passports, child passports, or a lost passport replacement Same Day or Next Day.
Dallas Passport Agency - 54.2 Miles, Arkansas Passport Center - 164.4 Miles, Houston Passport Agency - 185.5 Miles, New Orleans Passport Agency - 337.5 Miles, El Paso Passport Agency - 549.3 Miles
Fast Rush Passport Expediting Service in Emory, Texas3rd Party Passport Expediting in Emory TX: Expedited Passports & Visas are the experts for expediting passports in Emory, if you're in a hurry, this is probably going to be your best option. Passport servces offered for Emory: Expedited Passport Renewal, Expedited New Passports, Fast Passport Name Changes, Expedited Child Passports, Expedited Lost/Stolen Passport Replacement
How to Get a Passport in Emory, TexasGetting a passport in Emory TX depends on what type of passport application you are needing. The process in these guides assumes that you are applying at a local Emory Passport Office in which case it will take you 4 to 6 weeks to get a passport in Emory.
Please select the appropriate guide from the list below to get started:
Passport Office in Emory, TX
The single passport acceptance agent (local passport office) located in Emory is listed below:
- Rains County District Clerk
220 E Quitman St
Emory, TX 75440
Other Passport Offices Near Emory, Texas:Listed below are additional passport offices that are located within 50 miles of Emory Texas:
Golden Post Office - Golden - 10.3 Miles
Van Zandt County District Clerk - Canton - 17.7 Miles
Canton Post Office - Canton - 17.7 Miles
Hopkins County District Clerk - Sulphur Springs - 19.6 Miles
Passport Service for Cities Near EmoryResidents of the following closeby cities looking to get a passport should consider using the passport office(s) located in Emory for document sealing and 3-week passport expediting. Be sure to check other nearby passport offices listed above, as there may be a closer passport office to your city.
Mineola Texas, Campbell Texas, Terrell Texas, Chandler Texas, Winona Texas, Nevada Texas, New York Texas, Sunnyvale Texas, Flint Texas, Wylie Texas, Seagoville Texas, Princeton Texas, Mesquite Texas, Sachse Texas, Garland Texas, Parker Texas, Trenton Texas, Allen Texas, Plano Texas, Overton Texas


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Come and display your skills and become a part of Washington's premier sports academy known for elite training and skill development. Excel Sports Academy is looking for all age groups to play summer basketball but we are specifically looking for 5th grade boys, 8th grade girls and boys, and U15 and U16 girls and boys. Excel Sports Academy is more than an elite training program. Our philosophy and curriculum is centered on developing student athletes both on the court and off the court.
Dates: May 19th and 20th
Time: 5:00 pm – 7:00 pm
Who: Boys and Girls 3rd Grade – High School
Where: Excel Sports Academy
2818 69th Ave W
University Place, WA 98466
Please RSVP via e-mail to email@example.com or via phone at 253-301-0057


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PRO Hot Water Service – Granite Bay Plumber and Plumbing Services
As one of the top Granite Bay Plumbers we offer repair services to residential customers. Our services include the installation and maintenance:
- Water Heaters
- Toilets
- Faucets
- Garbage disposers
Our hot water heater service in Granite Bay includes the following
Gas tank type water heaters: Pilot goes out , Pilot won't light , Water runs out fast , Water is not hot enough , Water is too hot , Water has odors , Water is rusty or discolored ,Tank leaks, noisy operation ,gas odors , Combustion issues , Anode rod failure , Dip tube failure , Tank flushing ,leaks at connections to the water heater , earthquake strapping , Thermal expansion tanks , Gas control valves , Gas piping ,Code upgrades , Efficiency upgrades ,Vent repairs , gas leaks ,Drain pans . And more,
Electric Tank Type water heaters: No hot water , Little hot water , Water not hot enough , Water too hot ,Leaks , Tank flushing ,Noisy operation , Heating element replacement , thermostat replacement , Dip tube replacement , Anode rod replacement ,leaks at water connections , earthquake strapping, Thermal expansion tanks ,drain pans , Code upgrades , Efficiency upgrades .
Tankless gas water heaters: No hot water, Unit won't stay on, Gas odors, Combustion issues, venting issues, De-scaling, leaks and many others
Specialty water heaters include Thankless Electric, Heat pump/ hybrid and ultra-high efficiency tank type gas water heaters.
We offer installation hot water heater service in Granite Bay on all of these types.
We also offer service of radiant / in floor heat systems.
Other water heating system services we offer are for, circulation / pumps .Gas piping, gas venting, Gas leak repairs.
As one of the most experienced plumbers Granite Bay Ca residents can rely on, our services include: all types of plumbing repairs, except sewer and drain cleaning.
We sell, install, repair, and maintain Toilets, Faucets, valves, Fixtures, Garbage disposers and Hot water dispensers. We fix leaks, address odor issues, and install water conservation devices.
We identify and repair odd or unusual plumbing problems.
Mark of PRO Hot Water Service, Heater & Plumbing Service is a third generation plumbing contractor with over 35 years of trade experience. Mark has wide variety of plumbing skills and now chooses to specialize in water heater and in home plumbing services.
Mark is based in the Auburn area and service areas include all of western placer county and surrounding Ares including Granite Bay, Lincoln, Roseville.
Neighborhoods Serviced in Granite Bay:
Cavitt Stallman – Douglas Ranch – Folsom Lake Estates – Folsom Oaks – Granite Bay Hills – Greyhawk – Grosvenor Downs – Hidden Lakes Estates – Hidden Valley – Joe Rodgers Rd – Lakeland – Lakeridge – Lakeshore Estates – Lakewood – Los Lagos – Olive Ranch – Quail Oaks – Quarry Ponds – Road Lakeview Hills – Sherwood Forest – Silverwood – Spring Valley Ranchos – Strap Ravine – The Collection Granite Bay – The Residences at Granite Bay Golf Club – The Woods – Treelake/Ashley Woods – Treelake Village – Walden Woods – Wedgewood – Westlake Estates – Wexford


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By Jim Holt
What makes a great nightclub doorman? The first test is consistencya test that Armin Amiri, who manned the velvet rope at Bungalow 8 a decade ago, willfully flunked. Someone might be allowed in four nights in a row, and not the fifth, just to keep it interesting, Amiri once boasted. The second test is kindnessnot among the virtues of the late Haoui Montaug, chief vetter at the Palladium, Danceteria, and other eighties clubs too numerous to mention. (Back to the kennel!)
Despite their flaws, such legendary club doormen of yesteryear showed an undeniable flair in their role of nightlife arbiter elegantiae. But none rivaled Marc Benecke of Studio 54. Improbably young (he was a 19-year-old Hunter College political-science major when Steve Rubell hired him), hatchet-faced yet preppily handsome, he possessed a regal demeanor enhanced by the full-length Norma Kamali down overcoat he wore against the cold. Atop a fire hydrant next to the entrance, he cast the perfect party out of the most glittering raw materialsfashion, Hollywood, royalty, rock, drag, art world, Eurotrash, punk.
Notwithstanding his great power, Marc was kind. He never yawned ostentatiously on the many nights when Grace Jones arrived in the nude. And he was consistent. Even his rare blunders had a way of bearing fruit. When he refused entry to the creators of the disco group Chic despite their exotic appearance, they were so incensed that they went home and wrote a bitch-song about it, which evolvedfuck off freak off freak outinto the monster hit Le Freak. Marc once even let me into Studio 54 for free when I told him it was my birthdayalthough he did make me show him my driver's license.
By Michael Musto
As told to Mary Kaye Schilling
Most recently, there was the Charlie Sheen rampage at the Plaza Hotel, which had his suite in shambles, an escort in the bathroom, and his publicist saying it was because of an allergic reaction to medication. Or the marriage of Liza Minnelli and David Gest in 2002; I wrote at the time that when Dominick Dunne showed up at the church, it certified it as a crime scene. In 1991, we got our own big-haired Dynasty-style scandal with the Trump divorce. But the No. 1 juiciest bit of gossip and scandal, because it became a topic of watercooler conversation for monthsfor years!would have to be the revelation of Woody Allen's relationship with Soon-Yi Previn. People were so outraged! Everybody loves a triangle, but this one was deliciously sick, from the dark side of everyone's imagination: The wronged woman (Mia Farrow), the overentitled man (Allen, betraying his nerdy, lovable persona), and the other woman, who, in this case, was Mia's adopted daughter. I remember O. J. Simpson saying to me at the timeand this was before his own scandalGo Woody! Get some! He was in the minority. Of course, Woody got the last laugh: They're still together.
By Pat Di Lillo
Co-founder, The Phun Phactory
About four or five thousand artists came through our doors [at the original Phun Phactory, a nonprofit supporting graffiti artists], but Child will always stick out in my mind. He was a young kid, about 19 or 20, when I met him in 2001. Of course I loved Iz the Wiz, who co-founded the Phun Phactory with me. From the beginning, he would paint on the trains. And he had the most upsit's all about how many times your name is up and where. But Child did 3-D stuff, which was kind of unheard of at the time. You'd have to stare at his work for a lot longer to decipher it. Back in the day, there had been some kids trying to do 3-Dbubble letters that were easy to readand eventually some of them graduated to a style and technique like his. But Child had been doing it from the get-go.
By Lydia Davis
I might opt for Grace Paley's Aunt RoseI was popular in certain circlesor the acid Holden Caulfield. But it is the enigmatic Bartleby, from Melville's Bartleby, the Scrivener: a Story of Wall-Street, who may be most compelling in the end. On his third day of employment in the narrator's law office, when asked to read over a copy, he says that he prefers not to. And from then on, his succinct refusals, his silence, and his pale composure, as though he were occupied elsewhere, in some mental space to which no one else in the story has access, make him at once mysterious, dignified, bizarre, comical, and touching. He dies curled up on the ground in a prison yard, by his own choice, decisively beyond reach.


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Welcome to the SoreButtCheeks Anabolic Steroids, Testosterone and Bodybuilding Blog.
Sorry to say we're not updating this blog as often as we used to.
If you would like a free link or banner for your bodybuilding, steroid or Testosterone related web site please free to email us ( no sources or scams though please ).
Banner swaps are also most welcome, you can comment on this post with your messages, comments are moderated so only I will see them :-)


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Inn On The Prom has a superb sea-front location on the St Annes promenade, New for 2008 ALL BOOKINGS INCLUDE COMPLIMENTARY DINNER IN VETTRIANOS RESTAUARANT .close to all shops and attractions. It is an ideal location for exploring the attractions of the Fylde coast with the bustling resort of Blackpool just ten minutes away. Guests can enjoy Nivens Health and Leisure Club on-site with indoor heated swimming pool, 3 floor gymansium, jacuzzi and squash court.
The hotel restaurant, Vettrianos serves a varied menu in stunning surroundings and our new Cafee Lingerie serves an alternative menu. Following our refurbishment programme our stunning new boutique bedrooms offer contemporary luxury accommodation at an affordable price featuring up to 42 plasma screen televisions with free-view, stunning bathroom suites, mini safe and Egyptian cotton duvets.... An experience not to be missed!NEW FOR 2008 ALL OUR STANDARD ROOMS HAVE BEEN REFURBISHED WITH 32 INCH PLASMA TVS EGYPTIAN COTTON QUILTS ETC OVER 2 MILLION POUND SPENT
From: £126.00
Average customer rating: out of 6
Read customer reviews (opens new window)
Get Directions on Google maps
View on:
Google maps (area overview)
Get an Ordnance Survey map covering the St Annes-on-Sea area.
Heritage Rated from 1- 5 (low-exceptional) on historic interest
Lytham Hall - 2.1 miles (Historic House)
Meols Hall - 6.6 miles (Historic House)
Poulton-le-Fylde, St Chad's Church - 7.3 miles (Historic Church)
Becconsall Old Church - 8.3 miles (Historic Church)
Tarleton Old Church - 9.7 miles (Historic Church)
Rufford Hall - 11.4 miles (Historic Building)
Penwortham, St Mary's Church - 12.3 miles (Historic Church)
Pilling, Old St John's Church - 13.8 miles (Historic Church)
Astley Hall Museum and Art Gallery - 16.6 miles (Museum)
Hoghton Tower - 18.5 miles (Historic House)
Other Nearby Accommodation
+ Heritage Rating + ?


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The recreation division additionally affords a gymnasium for open gymnasium and organized activities, and several choices for facility rentals , together with buildings, picnic shelters, and fields. On-line registration currently requires fee by bank card for registration prices. Please be suggested that the current comfort charge for credit card funds is 2.99% of your complete transaction. Teen Programs : Options for teens are considerable in Auburn and classes might embody guitar, cooking, group outings and even some family enjoyable choices. Summer time presents a wide range of camps designed particularly for teenagers. Purposes for Ottawa Hand in Hand, recreation and culture fee help are accepted at anytime.
Programs should be paid for in full at the time of registration. Fee may be made by cheque, credit card, debit card or money. Cheques are made payable to the Metropolis of Ottawa. Pay as you go or reloadable bank cards, reward certificate, Visa Debit and Interac On-line usually are not accepted presently. Thank-you for creating an account using the City of Ottawa's online registration system. Atlantic Metropolis, the place gambling is authorized saw an outstanding 320% rise in the crime rate, and in addition a one hundred% rise in circumstances of rape, muggings and burglary.
We reserve the appropriate to cancel/combine classes … Travel More


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The Award
The "Zumtobel Group Award – Innovations for Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment" is an architectural award that acts as a stimulus for new developments and concepts in the built environment that help meet current and future demands for improved urban living conditions and energy needs.
For many years the Zumtobel Group with its three internationally established brands Thorn, Tridonic and Zumtobel has made sustainability and energy efficiency key objectives in the production, function and application of its products. Aware that significant, innovative solutions in architecture and urban planning can help cut global energy consumption and boost the general quality of life, the Zumtobel Group decided to initiate the biennial "Zumtobel Group Award - Innovations for Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment".
The Zumtobel Group Award was first presented in 2007. Since then, a total of nine projects have been awarded first place, while 36 projects have earned nominations. Today it ranks among the most respected awards in the world of architecture.
The Zumtobel Group Award aims to:
- Address challenges and opportunities in sustainable architecture, engineering and urban planning.
- Identify and discuss expectations and interests around humanity and sustainability in the built environment.
- Encourage research into and implementation of new sustainable and socially beneficial perspectives in the built environment.
- Stimulate innovations that promote sustainability and humanity in the built environment.
- Foster interdisciplinary communication, knowledge exchange and networking strategies in this field.
The Zumtobel Group Award is held under the curatorship of Dr. h.c. Kristin Feireiss and Hans-Jürgen Commerell of Aedes Architecture Forum in Berlin.
The Zumtobel Group is an international lighting group and a leading supplier of innovative lighting solutions, lighting components and associated services. With its brands, Thorn, Tridonic and Zumtobel, as well as acdc, ThornEco, and Zumtobel Group Services (ZGS), the Group offers its customers around the world a comprehensive portfolio of products and services. In the lighting business, the Group with its Thorn, Zumtobel and acdc brands is the European market leader. The ThornEco brand serves the electrical wholesale sector with a tailored portfolio of products. Through its lighting components brand, Tridonic, the Zumtobel Group plays a leading role worldwide in the manufacture of hardware and software for lighting systems. Zumtobel Group Services offers one of the most comprehensive service offerings in the entire lighting industry.www.zumtobelgroup.com
Aedes was founded in 1980 in Berlin as the first private architecture gallery in Europe. The Architecture Forum Aedes has become one of the most successful institutions internationally for communicating architectural culture, urban design, and related topics. Aedes is associated with the great names of the architectural avant-garde and offers an excellent platform for new generations of architects. Aedes strives to focus public attention on the cultures of building and architecture, presenting architectural visions, sustainable urban concepts, and innovative projects in urban planning and landscape architecture. In addition to staging ten to sixteen exhibitions per year, Aedes promotes dialogue with outside experts and an interested public through symposia, lecture series, and discussions.www.aedes-arc.de


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Commotion took very a community in the Saudi Arabian city of Mecca as fire breaks out inside a hotel leaving people stunned.
According to the News Agency of Nigeria, NAN, a hotel in the Saudi city of Mecca, where two million Muslims will perform the annual hajj pilgrimage, was evacuated Monday after a fire broke out, the civil defence service said.
Civil defence spokesman, Nayef al-Sharif, said no casualties were reported in the fire, which was sparked by a faulty air cooling unit on the eighth floor of a hotel in the Azaziyah district of Mecca.
Sharif said all 600 residents, most of whom had come from Turkey and Yemen for the hajj pilgrimage, were evacuated and had since returned to the hotel.


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|Volume 6 Issue 226 Published - 14:00 UTC 08:00 EST 13-Aug-2004 Next Update - 14:00 UTC 08:00 EST 14-Aug-2004
|Editor: Susan K. Boyer, RN
© Vidyya., Inc.
All rights reserved.
Use it or lose it: Seniors need to socialize to keep communication skills
Senior citizens living alone and independently in apartments should interact often with others--both friends and family members--if they want to maintain their ability to communicate, a new University of Michigan study showed.
A lifestyle with organized activities seems to provide the best social opportunities for the elderly, said Deborah Keller-Cohen, a U-M professor of women's studies and linguistics.
Much is known about the association between declines in cognitive function among the elderly and the ability to communicate, but little has been explored about what role social engagement might play in that relationship. The U-M research targeted people 85 and olderthe fastest growing segment of the U.S. population, Keller-Cohen said.
U-M researchers examined the relationships among social engagement, cognition and communicative skills. They reviewed notebooks kept by the study's participants, who tracked the frequency, purpose and quality of interactions. The participants were tested on their ability to name objects in pictures, a common measure of language skill ability.
Individuals who experienced less cognitive decline were involved in a wider range of relationships, each of which challenges individuals to speak and listen to others on a range of topics. Thus, this diversity in interaction would seem to keep one's linguistic skills activated, she said.
When the elderly limited their contact solely to family members, they didn't fare as well as they could have with communications skills had they also interacted with others, Keller-Cohen said. Although additional research is required, this might have implications for how senior living centers structure programming and activities.
"It's possible that as individuals decline cognitively, they become less able to handle social contact and become more dependent on family members who by virtue of kin obligations, will continue to interact with them," she said.
This research, "Social contact and communication in people over 85," was presented at the recent American Psychological Association conference in Hawaii. Other U-M researchers for this study are Amanda Toler, Diane Miller, Katherine Fiori and Deborah Bybee.
Additional Vidyya Resources:


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The Village Restaurant Complex, located at KhelGaonMarg next to Siri Fort Auditorium, has delighted food lovers for more than three decades with its multi-culinary expertise across four different cuisines.
"In his over 30 years stint, Celebrity Chef Sultan Mohideen has catered personally to thirty Prime Ministers and Presidents of the world, which include Bill (and Hillary) Clinton, Putin and Tony Blair to name a few." - The Hindu Angeethi offers his delectable signature creations, inspired by the royal Nawabi kitchens and the rugged but majestic terrains of the North West Frontier, which are served right off the fire - amidst the serenity of the traditional village hut. No. of Covers: 180 Know more
Angeethi serves the finest Tak-a-Tak cuisine in the city in a rustic yet comfortable setting. Richly flavoured tandoori specialties are served right off the fire - amidst the atmosphere of traditional village hut. No. of Covers: 40 Know more
Colours 'N' Spice is the place to eat if exotic spices and aromas is what sets fire to your taste buds. While it offers the entire range of north Indian cuisines, it is famous for its specially marinated and tempered kebabs. No. of Covers: 120 Know more
The hip resto-lounge at the Village Restaurant Complex, Tonic is one of the most popular places in Delhi for working professionals to relax and unwind after a long day. The Tonic lounge is trendy, fresh and offers the highest standard in lounge catering. With the choicest Mexican, Italian and Mediterranean cuisine, the ultra-professional bar boasts of some of the most famous cocktails in the world. No. of Covers: 56 Know more
Food means more than just sustenance it signifies enjoyment, good health, sharing and a sense of community and well-being.
Staying-in need never again mean sacrificing any of the wonderful pleasures that good food brings. We use the freshest of ingredients and the best of modern technology to transform the act of staying at home into an altogether exciting, healthful and delicious experience. Whether it's oriental or Indian classics that you're yearning for, or a quick bite of exotic sushi, or perhaps a healthy Deli sandwich or salad our carefully designed multi-cuisine offering brings the best of variety right at your doorstep, without sacrificing on taste or quality.
The Village Restaurant Complex
Next to Siri Fort Auditorium,
New Delhi - 110049
Phone: +91 11 26493945, +91 11 26493628, +91 11 26492348
Village Delivery: +91 9999955889


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Saturday, March 9, 2013
Baloo's pawpaw isn't a pawpaw
Species name: Carica papaya
Common name: papaya
Location: Dominican Republic
The papaya is native to Mexico where it was cultivated first as an ornamental species, then as a fruit. There are logistical problems for the early consumption of papaya as a food crop; I'll mention these issues a bit later in this blog post. Once consumable papayas were developed through traditional breeding about 2,000 years ago, the tree spread throughout the Caribbean and Central America, and it was well established as a fruit crop by the time the Spanish arrived. It was brought back to Spain by Columbus where it was wildly unsuccessful as a fruit tree. It is still widely grown in Central and South America as an ornamental fruit tree, and more often than not decorates hotel grounds and serves as a self-grown crop of fruit at the same time.
The papaya is a highly allergenic fruit when it is unripe, and those with sensitive skin may still have problems when the tree is ripe. The skin of the fruit (also the petioles or "leaf stalks" of the leaves) contains white milky latexes which are highly irritant when the fruit is unripe and lose their potency as the fruit ripens. This unripe fruit latex isn't just irritating to the skin; chemicals in the latex can be absorbed through the skin and pass into the blood stream where the end result can be uterine contractions that have led to miscarriages. This effect hasn't actually been proven in the literature, but there is enough correlative evidence suggesting this is the case that pregnant women should never consume or prepare raw, unripe papaya. Once the flesh of the fruit turns a yellow-orange and is very soft to the touch, the fruit is fine. Another downside of consumption of large amounts of papaya is a disorder called carotenemia, which is yellowing of the palms and soles of the feet because of the high concentrations of beta-carotene in the fruit (what contributes to its orange-red colour). There is no known health effects from this condition other than rather unsightly hands and feet, and papayas contain significantly less beta-carotene than carrots, a vegetable that contributes to more cases of carotenemia than papayas every year. Should this happen, decreasing the consumption of yellow, orange, and orange-red fruits and vegetables will allow for the gradual re-absorption and use of beta-carotene and the orange colour of the palms and soles of the feet will gradually go away.
Given the negative effects that papaya may have, it is actually a fruit that is incredibly healthy. It contains high amounts of vitamin C, B vitamins, lycopene, and quite a bit of dietary fibre for the average fruit. The seeds are also very good for you, containing lots of antibacterial and antifungal compounds that can prevent food poisoning in tropical countries where food is sometimes not prepared or stored according to the same standards as in more northerly countries. Their digestive systems are used to it, but the digestive systems of people living in North America and Europe are more sensitive to the bacteria that may be growing on the food. The seeds can be ground and used exactly as you would use pepper. There is a positive culinary use for the unripe papayas, and that is as a meat tenderizer. The burning feeling you get on your hands if you prepare raw, unripe papayas is actually your skin melting (hopefully you weren't eating while reading this blog post!); you can exploit that effect by combining green papayas and very tough meat before the cooking process. It breaks down the connective tissue in the meat and usually very tough meat can be prepared to be very tender. There is also the suggestion that the consumption of papaya leaves in a tea-like preparation can prevent malaria infections, but these claims have never been demonstrated with scientific evidence.
Unfortunately, papayas around the world (including this tree I photographed) are being attacked by the papaya ringspot virus, or PRV. On the fruit, this disease causes ringspots that eventually turn into black, squishy circles or blemishes on the fruit. There is no harm in consuming these fruits but they are too unsightly to sell and succumb to other diseases more easily during the shipping process. The leaves of the papaya tree also yellow, curl, and eventually fall off (you can see the beginnings of this in the papaya leaf close-up photo I took; between the veins of the leaf the tissue is much more yellow than anywhere else, and the ends of the lobes of the leaf are starting to decay). This leads to a decrease in productivity of the tree, and eventually the death of the tree. Fortunately, there is a way to create genetically modified trees that already contain some of the DNA of PRV, and this confers resistance in every tree it has ever been tried with. This genetic modification is so successful that now 100% of all papaya trees grown commercially for fruit production contain this modification.
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Hub Nuts
Trailer Hub Nuts
We stock a range of Trailer Hub Nuts, Castle Nuts and One Shot Nuts. The items listed on this page are compatible with the following brands of brake drums; Knott Avonride, Peak, Indespension, Al-Ko, Bradley, Meredith and Eyre and Ifor Williams. Each hub nut is to suit different sizes and series of trailer brake drums. For example; 'Castle Nut to suit Al-Ko 200mm Drum', is only compatible with T and R Series 200mm drums. So, it is important that you know the brand and size of your Trailer Brakes before purchasing. If you require guidance with identifying your brakes, please Click Here.
A range of castle nuts and flange nuts are available along with the one shot nuts for Al-Ko, Ifor Williams and Knott. Please continue to scroll down the page to view our entire selection of hub nuts. If you are unsure or require technical assistance, please call 01909 473749.
Showing all 10 results
Castle Hub Nut – suits Alko 200mm T / R Series Brake Drum£5.10 inc.Vat | £4.25 ex.VAT Add to basket
Castle Hub Nut 3/4″ BSF – suits Indespension with 200/203mm Brakes£2.57 inc.Vat | £2.14 ex.VAT Add to basket
Castle Hub Nut 3/4″ UNF – Suits some Peak, M&E & Ifor Williams Taper Roller Bearings£1.96 inc.Vat | £1.63 ex.VAT Add to basket
Castle Hub Nut for Unbraked Avonride suspension 5/8″ UNF M15x24mm£1.91 inc.Vat | £1.59 ex.VAT Add to basket
One-Shot Stake Nut for Alko – M24x32mm Head – COPY£3.80 inc.Vat | £3.17 ex.VAT Add to basket
One-Shot Stake Nut for Alko 230×61 – M27x36mm Head£5.33 inc.Vat | £4.44 ex.VAT Add to basket
One-Shot Stake Nut for Ifor Williams – M30x46mm Head£3.34 inc.Vat | £2.78 ex.VAT Add to basket
One-Shot Stake Nut for Ifor Williams – M30x46mm Head – No Shoulder (pre 1997)£2.87 inc.Vat | £2.39 ex.VAT Add to basket
Parabolic Spring Bush IWT (Post 08/2002) Ifor P/No P12081£6.40 inc.Vat | £5.33 ex.VAT Add to basket
Replacement Flange nut for 160/200 Alko£5.17 inc.Vat | £4.31 ex.VAT Add to basket
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Ever since I was little, I've always been the quiet one. I remember being at a wedding and a relative of mine, who was a few years older than me, asked me if I wanted to come and play with some other children. I politely declined and continued sitting with my parents, too scared to join in, afraid that I wouldn't fit in, that I wouldn't be cool enough, too shy, too quiet.
It seems that fear, that worry never really left and it stayed with me right through primary school, in to secondary school, and it's still with me now at the grand old age of 22.
I was in an art class once, I didn't take it for GCSE so I think I must have been in year 8. The teacher had asked us all to gather round one table so she could talk about our task. I wasn't lucky enough to bag a seat at the table, so I stood behind a few girls. The lesson was straight after lunch and it had been raining, I unfortunately looked like a drowned rat. Also, I hadn't quite discovered mascara or tweezers, whereas other girls in my year had, so although I thought I looked like any other normal teenage girl, the girls more 'advanced' than me probably thought I looked hideous. Another girl from across the table looked at me and tried to whisper to her mates who I was stood behind 'ha look at Eleanor's hair'. The other two girls turned round to look at me and quietly laughed.
That memory, and many others, has stayed with me and when I hear someone talking quietly, looking at me in a funny way, that's what I think of.
However, I don't want to think of it. I want to be able to walk in to a room and not give a toss about what anyone thinks of me, to shrug off any whisper, comment or look and say 'oh well, it's not the be-all and end-all'. I want to stand up to the girls that whisper behind people's backs and laugh at them for just being them.
When I left secondary school, my maths teacher wrote this in my leaving book:
Eleanor, you are a very talented young lady that needs to believe in herself!
Like the art class memory, this has also stuck with me and whenever someone tells me I should believe in myself, that I don't know how good I am, that I don't give myself enough credit, that I am confident, I know it's true because it's on paper. My teacher could have wrote it in every other student's leaving book or on their t-shirts in bright orange felt-tip and so what if he did? The most important thing is that I take note of it (I am actually considering ripping the page out but I really don't want to damage my book) and I act on it.
Here's to all the confident women (and men) in training, I'm on this journey with you and if you ever need an encouraging thought, feel free to come back to this post and soak up the wise words of my maths teacher.


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DBHPS Hindi Exam results 2016 | DBHPS Hindi Results 2016 Parichay Praveen exam results 2016
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The people who has written their Hindi Exam which is conducted by the DBHPS which is held in the month of February ,can view their respective results from here. The dbhps results February 2016 results are available now.
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The people who can view their DBHPS Hindi exam results 2016 the above link, for the both Hindi lower exams & Hindi higher Exams 2016. The private Hindi lower exams also contain:
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dakshina bharat hindi prachar sabha results [DBHPS Results 2016] are available for the candidates who are written the Hindi exam 2016. hindi prachar sabha results 2016 will be published form here. All Hindi exam results 2016 are available from Auedu4u.com. Our team provides all the updates about madhyama hindi exam results 2016, can be viewed form here.
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Our Mr. Darcy & Elizabeth place cards are a gorgeous two (2) image set.
Conversation Sparker:
The art of silhouette cutting originated in Europe in the early 1700's. Prior to the French revolution, silhouettists were hired as an amusement for the royal class. The featured artist would attend the many extravagant balls and cut out the distinguished profiles of the Lords and Ladies capturing the latest fashions and elaborate wigs. While the aristocrats were having their silhouettes cut out and eating like kings, much of Europe was starving, especially in France. In the 1760's the Finance Minister of France, Etienne de Silhouette, had crippled the French people with his merciless tax policies. Oblivious to his people's plight, Etienne was much more interested in his hobby of cutting out paper profiles, the latest fad. Etienne de Silhouette was so despised by the people of France that in protest the peasants wore only black mimicking his black paper cutouts. The saying went all over France,"We are dressing a la Silhouette. We are shadows, too poor to wear color. We are Silhouettes!" To this very day the black profile cutouts are called silhouettes. Thankfully, the negative connotation no longer remains.
Your item comes ready for the giving—a box wrapped in our signature anthemion pattern and cushioned with black tissue paper inside. A blank note card will be included if you'd like to write your own personalized message.
The Gift Set includes:
Product Details:


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For the first time Scrappy Chat Designs is putting out a call for new Designers to join our Design team.
The term will be for 12 months commencing in July. We are seeking designers who are versatile, committed and keen to show their creative style with Scrapbooking kits.
Think you might have what it takes? Well then here are some questions to get you thinking…
Are you an out of the box thinker?
A bit of an 'Ideas Gal'??
Do you like to explore new products or old ones in new ways?
Do you have a passion for sharing knowledge, educating and inspiring other crafters?
Do you have great project photography skills?
Do you produce process videos for your projects or a willingness to do so?
This DT call will close at midnight AEST on
Monday June 12, 2017.
Design Team Requirements:
1. You will create a minimum of 2 layouts, per kit (monthly) sent to you including step out pictures with written instructions or process video sharing a technique/s behind your creation to our members on months where you are not the featured designer.
2. Approximately every 4 – 5 months you are the featured designer and will create 3 scrapbook pages based on a kit where most possible makes your style shine. You will include brief written instructions and a video for each of the 3 scrapbook pages you create to be ready one week prior to kit release.
3. You must upload your projects to your blog and other social media and share releases and specials on social media as they occur.
4. We will be looking to include some fun challenges for our members in the future, this may require an additional project to be created as inspiration without any requirement for tutorials or step outs. May require a blurb of inspiration for your project
**Cross linking of work with other DTs is ok as long as the products in the kit a feature and the kit is mentioned.
What we are looking for:
- The ability to take excellent, clear pictures of projects including adequate lighting.
- The ability to create clear and adequately lit motion videos - or ready to take this next step - we are happy to coach you through this!
- Be an 'out of the box' thinker/creator
- Be dedicated to promoting the kits and personal projects to social media including Facebook and Instagram.
- Be willing to partake in design team duties and help with any other promotions or contests we may have being flexible where needed to work as a team
If this is you then we would LOVE to see you apply!
There is NO NEED to create new work for this design team call.
If you are interested in becoming an 'Arty Chic' Please send an email to firstname.lastname@example.com with "DESIGN TEAM CALL" in the subject line.
Please include ALL of the following information in your application:
- Your Name, address and E-mail address
- Your telephone number
- Blog/Web address
- Instagram account name if you have one
- YouTube channel address if you have one or where we can find examples of your videos on another channel
- Online galleries where we might see more of your work
- 3 samples of layouts that best reflect your style. We would like to hear what is special about the process or inspiration behind your page
- A list of all design teams you have been on, past and current (prior experience is not necessary) please distinguish from past to present as well
- We would like to get to know you a little, tell us about your style or creating interest. Please also include what you feel to be your strengths and why you would be a good fit for our team.
What you can expect from Us:
- A free monthly kit full of fun products to create with including exclusive kit only products.
- Design Team Discount in our growing online store including the option to pre-order as well.
- To be creatively challenged and grow with your style and creating ability.
- Be part of a super talented design team including designers from around the country
- Be exposed to new and fun products
- Opportunities to have your work displayed at events around the country
We are looking forward to your application!!
This Design Team Call is open to Australian and New Zealand Residence only.


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16 Mar Delta Trust to open in 'premier' location
by Sonja J. Keith
Mike Kemp photo
The Village at Hendrix and the city of Conway will soon welcome Delta Trust & Bank — a financial institution high on community and customer service.
Michael Bynum, a 17-year veteran of the banking industry, serves as the Conway market president. Born and raised in Helena, Michael graduated in 1993 from Arkansas State University with a degree in business management.
In May 2011, Bynum joined Delta Trust & Bank to lead the company's expansion to the Conway area. "It was an opportunity to move up," he said. "I wanted a challenge. I wanted to start something from the ground floor."
In August 2012, Delta Trust opened a loan production office in Conway that offers all traditional lending services, including personal, business and commercial loans.
"I love Conway," Bynum said. "It is the best place I've ever lived and a great place to raise a family."
Bynum is excited that soon the bank will have a full service location with about 10 employees in The Village at Hendrix.
Grand opening festivities are planned Saturday, April 26, at the 3,200-square-foot location that will include drive-thru as well as ATM services.
The bank will be housed in the new building at The Village that will also be home to the Purple Cow restaurant, which Bynum's good friend and Delta Trust board member, Phillip Tappan, co-owns. According to Bynum, he and Tappan were hoping Delta Trust and Purple Cow would one day be neighbors.
Bynum says he finds helping customers very rewarding. "I've always been competitive," he said. "I like to really help the customer and grow that relationship."
He has a simple approach to his work. "Banking is relationships to me," he said. "We don't treat our customers as a number."
Delta Trust & Bank Director of Marketing Malina Vibhakar points out that Delta Trust is very service oriented and community minded, adding that the bank is particular about where it decides to locate an office. "We're not going to be on every corner because you lose that personal feel."
She also points out that Delta Trust is particular when selecting employees, and the bank has a very low turnover rate, an indication of good employee satisfaction. "We're a community-focused bank with big bank services."
Delta Trust & Bank offers a variety of financial services to help meet the needs of customers, according to both associates. "It's truly full service," he said.
Bynum considers The Village the premier location in Conway for a bank and is excited about the new location. "We're in a great location for growth."


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