text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 26, 2006
|Filing date
|Oct 18, 2002
|Priority date
|Jan 2, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Brant L. Candelore, Henry Derovanessian, Leo M. Pedlow, JR.
|Original Assignee
|Sony Corporation, Sony Electronics Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (105), Non-Patent Citations (55), Referenced by (57), Classifications (116), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation in part of patent applications entitled "Critical Packet Partial Encryption" to Unger et al., Ser. No. 10/038,217; "Time Division Partial Encryption" to Candelore et al., Ser. No. 10/038,032; "Elementary Stream Partial Encryption" to Candelore, Ser. No. 10/037,914; "Partial Encryption and PID Mapping" to Unger et al., Ser. No. 10/037,499; and "Decoding and Decrypting of Partially Encrypted Information" to Unger et al., Ser. No. 10/037,498 all of which were filed on Jan. 2, 2002 and are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
This application is also related to and claims priority benefit of U.S. Provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/372,855 filed Apr. 16, 2002 to Candelore, et al. entitled "Method for Partially Scrambling Content by Encrypting Selected Macroblocks to Create Vertical and Horizontal 'Moats' to Make Recovery of Other Macroblocks More Difficult When Certain Anchor Information is Missing", and U.S. Provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/409,675, filed Sep. 9, 2002, entitled "Generic PID Remapping for Content Replacement", to Candelore which are hereby incorporated by reference.
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
This invention relates generally to the field of encryption. More particularly, this invention relates to a encryption method and apparatus particularly useful for scrambling packetized video content such as that provided by cable and satellite television systems.
The above-referenced commonly owned patent applications describe inventions relating to various aspects of methods generally referred to herein as partial encryption or selective encryption. More particularly, systems are described therein wherein selected portions of a particular selection of digital content are encrypted using two (or more) encryption techniques while other portions of the content are left unencrypted. By properly selecting the portions to be encrypted, the content can effectively be encrypted for use under multiple decryption systems without the necessity of encryption of the entire selection of content. In some embodiments, only a few percent of data overhead is needed to effectively encrypt the content using multiple encryption systems. This results in a cable or satellite system being able to utilize Set-top boxes or other implementations of conditional access (CA) receivers from multiple manufacturers in a single system—thus freeing the cable or satellite company to competitively shop for providers of Set-top boxes.
The features of the invention believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself however, both as to organization and method of operation, together with objects and advantages thereof, may be best understood by reference to the following detailed description of the invention, which describes certain exemplary embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail specific embodiments, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an example of the principles of the invention and not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments shown and described. In the description below, like reference numerals are used to describe the same, similar or corresponding parts in the several views of the drawings.
The terms "scramble" and "encrypt" and variations thereof are used synonymously herein. Also, the term "television program" and similar terms can be interpreted in the normal conversational sense, as well as a meaning wherein the term means any segment of A/V content that can be displayed on a television set or similar monitor device. The term "video" is often used herein to embrace not only true visual information, but also in the conversational sense (e.g., "video tape recorder") to embrace not only video signals but associated audio and data. The term "legacy" as used herein refers to existing technology used for existing cable and satellite systems. The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are decoded by a television Set-Top Box (STB), but it is contemplated that such technology will soon be incorporated within television receivers of all types whether housed in a separate enclosure alone or in conjunction with recording and/or playback equipment or Conditional Access (CA) decryption module or within a television set itself. The present document generally uses the example of a "dual partial encryption" embodiment, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be utilized to realize multiple partial encryption without departing from the invention. Partial encryption and selective encryption are used synonymously herein.
Turning now to
Head end 100 receives scrambled content from one or more suppliers, for example, using a satellite dish antenna 108 that feeds a satellite receiver 110. Satellite receiver 110 operates to demodulate and descramble the incoming content and supplies the content as a stream of clear (unencrypted) data to a selective encryption encoder 114. The selective encryption encoder 114, according to certain embodiments, uses two passes or two stages of operation, to encode the stream of data. Encoder 114 utilizes a secondary conditional access system (and thus a second encryption method) in conjunction with the primary encryption encoder 104 which operates using a primary conditional access system (and thus a primary encryption method). A user selection provided via a user interface on a control computer 118 configures the selective encryption encoder 114 to operate in conjunction with either a Motorola or Scientific Atlanta cable network (or other cable or satellite network).
It is assumed, for purposes of the present embodiment of the invention, that the data from satellite receiver 110 is supplied as MPEG (Moving Pictures Expert Group) compliant packetized data. In the first stage of operation the data is passed through a Special Packet Identifier 122. Special Packet Identifier 122 identifies specific programming that is to be dual partially encrypted according to the present invention. The Special Packet Identifier 122 signals the Special Packet Duplicator 126 to duplicate special packets. The Packet Identifier (PID) Remapper 130, under control of the computer 118, remaps the PIDs of the elementary streams (ES) (i.e., audio, video, etc.) of the programming that shall remain clear and the duplicated packets to new PID values. The payload of the elementary stream packets are not altered in any way by Special Packet Identifier 122, Special Packet Duplicator 126, or PID remapper 130. This is done so that the primary encryption encoder 104 will not recognize the clear unencrypted content as content that is to be encrypted.
The packets may be selected by the special packet identifier 122 according to one of the selection criteria described in the above-referenced applications or may use another selection criteria such as those which will be described later herein. Once these packets are identified in the packet identifier 122, packet duplicator 126 creates two copies of the packet. The first copy is identified with the original PID so that the primary encryption encoder 104 will recognize that it is to be encrypted. The second copy is identified with a new and unused PID, called a "secondary PID" (or shadow PID) by the PID Remapper 130. This secondary PID will be used later by the selective encryption encoder 114 to determine which packets are to be encrypted according to the secondary encryption method.
As previously noted, the two primary commercial providers of cable head end encryption and modulation equipment are (at this writing) Motorola, Inc. and Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. While similar in operation, there are significant differences that should be discussed before proceeding since the present selective encryption encoder 114 is desirably compatible with either system. In the case of Motorola equipment, the Integrated Receiver Transcoder (IRT), an unmodulated output is available and therefore there is no need to demodulate the output before returning a signal to the selective encryption encoder 114, whereas no such unmodulated output is available in a Scientific-Atlanta device. Also, in the case of current Scientific-Atlanta equipment, the QAM, the primary encryption encoder carries out a PID remapping function on received packets. Thus, provisions are made in the selective encryption encoder 114 to address this remapping.
In addition to the above processing, the Program Specific Information (PSI) is also modified to reflect this processing. The original, incoming Program Association Table (PAT) is appended with additional Program Map Table (PMT) entries at a PMT inserter 134. Each added PMT entry contains the new, additional streams (remapped & shadow PIDs) created as part of the selective encryption (SE) encoding process for a corresponding stream in a PMT of the incoming transport. These new PMT entries will mirror their corresponding original PMTs. The program numbers will be automatically assigned by the selective encryption encoder 114 based upon open, available program numbers as observed from the program number usage in the incoming stream. The selective encryption System 114 system displays the inserted program information (program numbers, etc) on the configuration user interface of control computer 118 so that the Multiple System Operator (MSO, e.g., the cable system operator) can add these extra programs into the System Information (SI) control system and instruct the system to carry these programs in the clear.
The modified transport PSI is illustrated as 144 in
In order to assure that the Scientific-Atlanta PID remapping issue is addressed, if the selective encryption encoder 114 is configured to operate with a Scientific-Atlanta system, the encoder adds a user private data descriptor to each elementary stream found in the original PMTs in the incoming data transport stream (TS) per the format below (of course, other formats may also be suitable):
# of bits
private_data_indicator_descriptor( ) {
private_data_indicator( ) {
The selective encryption encoder 114 of the current embodiment also adds a user private data descriptor to each elementary stream placed in the temporary PMTs created as described above per the format below:
# of bits
private_data_indicator_descriptor( ) {
private_data_indicator( ) {
The in "????" the tables above is the value of the "orig_pid" which is a variable while the"??" is a "stream_type" value. The data field for "orig_pid" is a variable that contains the original incoming PID or in the case of remap or shadow PIDs, the original PID that this stream was associated with. The data field "stream_type" is a variable that describes the purpose of the stream based upon the chart below:
Stream Type
Legacy ES
Remapped ES
Shadow ES
These descriptors will be used later to re-associate the legacy elementary streams, which are encrypted by the Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. primary encryption encoder 104, with the corresponding shadow and remapped clear streams after PID remapping in the Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. modulator prior to the second phase of processing of the Selective Encryption Encoder. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above specific values should be considered exemplary and other specific values could be used without departing from the present invention.
In the case of a Motorola cable system being selected in the selective encryption encoder configuration GUI, the original PAT and PMTs can remain unmodified, providing the system does not remap PIDs within the primary encryption encoder. The asterisks in
The data stream from selective encryption encoder 114 is passed along to the input of the primary encryption encoder 104 which first carries out a PID filtering process at 150 to identify packets that are to be encrypted. At 152, in the case of a Scientific-Atlanta device, a PID remapping may be carried out. The data are then passed along to an encrypter 154 that, based upon the PID of the packets encrypts certain packets (in accord with the present invention, these packets are the special packets which are mapped by the PID Remapper 130 to the original PID of the incoming data stream for the current program). The remaining packets are unencrypted. The data then passes through a PSI modifier 156 that modifies the PSI data to reflect changes made at the PID remapper. The data stream is then modulated by a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulator 158 (in the case of the Scientific-Atlanta device) and passed to the output thereof. This modulated signal is then demodulated by a QAM demodulator 160. The output of the demodulator 160 is directed back to the selective encryption encoder 114 to a PSI parser164.
The second phase of processing of the transport stream for selective encryption is to recover the stream after the legacy encryption process is carried out in the primary encryption encoder 104. The incoming Program Specific Information (PSI) is parsed at 164 to determine the PIDs of the individual elementary streams and their function for each program, based upon the descriptors attached in the first phase of processing. This allows for the possibility of PID remapping, as seen in Scientific-Atlanta primary encryption encoders. The elementary streams described in the original program PMTs are located at PSI parser 164 where these streams have been reduced to just the selected packets of interest and encrypted in the legacy CA system format in accord with the primary encryption method at encoder 104. The elementary streams in the temporary programs appended to the original PSI are also recovered at elementary stream concatenator 168. The packets in the legacy streams are appended to the remapped content, which is again remapped back to the PID of the legacy streams, completing the partial, selective encryption of the original elementary streams.
The temporary PMTs and the associated PAT entries are discarded and removed from the PSI. The user private data descriptors added in the first phase of processing are also removed from the remaining original program PMTs in the PSI. For a Motorola system, no PMT or PAT reprocessing is required and only the final secondary encryption of the transport stream occurs.
During the second phase of processing, the SE encoder 114 creates a shadow PSI structure that parallels the original MPEG PSI, for example, having a PAT origin at PID 0�0000. The shadow PAT will be located at a PID specified in the SE encoder configuration as indicated by the MSO from the user interface. The shadow PMT PIDs will be automatically assigned by the SE encoder 114 dynamically, based upon open, available PID locations as observed from PID usage of the incoming stream. The PMTs are duplicates of the original PMTs, but also Conditional Access (CA) descriptors added to the entire PMT or to the elementary streams referenced within to indicate the standard CA parameters and optionally, shadow PID and the intended operation upon the associated elementary stream. The CA descriptor can appear in the descriptor1( ) or descriptor2( ) loops of the shadow PMT. If found in descriptor1( ), the CA_PID called out in the CA descriptor contains the non-legacy ECM PID which would apply to an entire program. Alternatively, the ECM PID may be sent in descriptor2( ). The CA descriptor should not reference the selective encryption elementary PID in the descriptor1( ) area.
CA_PID Definition
Secondary_CA_private_data Value
Replacement PID
Insertion PID
undefined (default)
This shadow PSI insertion occurs regardless of whether the selective encryption operation is for a Motorola or Scientific Atlanta cable network. The elementary streams containing the duplicated packets of interest that were also assigned to the temporary PMTs are encrypted during this second phase of operation at secondary packet encrypter 172 in the secondary CA format based upon the configuration data of the CA system attached using the DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting) Simulcrypt™ standard.
The data stream including the clear data, primary encrypted data, secondary encrypted data and other information are then passed to a PSI modifier 176 that modifies the transport PSI information by deletion of the temporary PMT tables and incorporation of remapping as described above. The output of the PSI modifier 176 is modulated at a QAM modulator 180 and delivered to the cable plant 184 for distribution to the cable system's customers.
The control processor 100 may be a personal computer based device that is used to control the selective encryption encoder as described herein. An exemplary personal computer based controller 100 is depicted in
The partial encryption process described above utilizes any suitable conditional access encryption method at encrypters 154 and 172. However, these encryption techniques are selectively applied to the data stream using a technique such as those described below or in the above-referenced patent applications. In general, but without the intent to be limiting, the selective encryption process utilizes intelligent selection of information to encrypt so that the entire program does not have to undergo dual encryption. By appropriate selection of appropriate data to encrypt, the program material can be effectively scrambled and hidden from those who desire to hack into the system and illegally recover commercial content without paying. The MPEG (or similar format) data that are used to represent the audio and video data does so using a high degree of reliance on the redundancy of information from frame to frame. Certain data can be transmitted as "anchor" data representing chrominance and luminance data. That data is then often simply moved about the screen to generate subsequent frames by sending motion vectors that describe the movement of the block. Changes in the chrominance and luminance data are also encoded as changes rather than a recoding of absolute anchor data.
In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, a method of dual encrypting a digital video signal involves examining unencrypted packets of data in the digital video signal to identify at least one specified packet type, the specified packet type comprising packets of data as will be described hereinafter; encrypting packets identified as being of the specified packet type using a first encryption method to produce first encrypted packets; encrypting the packets identified as being of the specified packet type using a second encryption method to produce second encrypted packets; and replacing the unencrypted packets of the specified packet type with the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets in the digital video signal to produce a partially dual encrypted video signal.
The MPEG specification defines a slice as " . . . a series of an arbitrary number of consecutive macroblocks. The first and last macroblocks of a slice shall not be skipped macroblocks. Every slice shall contain at least one macroblock. Slices shall not overlap. The position of slices may change from picture to picture. The first and last macroblock of a slice shall be in the same horizontal row of macroblocks. Slices shall occur in the bitstream in the order in which they are encountered, starting at the upper-left of the picture and proceeding by raster-scan order from left to right and top to bottom . . . . "
By way of example, to represent an entire frame of NTSC information, for standard resolution, the frame (picture) is divided into 30 slices (but in general j slices may make up a full frame). Each slice contains 33 variable length macroblocks (but in general can include k variable length macroblocks) of information representing a 16�16 pixel region of the image. This is illustrated as standard definition frame 250 of
Several techniques are described below for encryption of the selected data. In each case, for the current embodiment, it will be understood that selection of a particular type of information implies that the payload of a packet carrying such data is encrypted. However, in other environments, the data itself can be directly encrypted. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that such variations as well as others are possible without departing from the present invention. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many variations and combinations of the encryption techniques described hereinafter can be devised and used singularly or in combination without departing from the present invention.
Slice Mask Encryption
In accordance with one embodiment consistent with the invention referred to herein as "slice mask encryption", a different set of slice headers are encrypted from frame to frame. When a slice header is encrypted, the content for that slice is "frozen" on the screen, while content on adjoining slices is updated. This has the effect of breaking up the image on the screen. In certain embodiments, certain slices can be encrypted more often than others to thus deny the decoder the ability to update the content in those slices.
One embodiment of slice mask encryption is illustrated in
The slice that is to be encrypted can be coded or represented using a slice mask as shown in
The encryption of a slice can depend on any of the following:
Encrypting I frame slices eliminates anchor chrominance/luminance data used by the other types of frames. Encrypting P frame slices eliminates both anchor chrominance/luminance as well as motion vector data. Anchor chrominance/luminance can come in the form of scene changes, and if the content is Motorola encoded, then "progressive" I slices. The effect of Frame Mask encryption can be very effective. Experiments have shown that for a Motorola encoded program, encrypting only 3% of the packets can make it difficult to identify any objects in an image.
In variations of the embodiment described above, slice masks can be varied according to any suitable algorithm. For example,
In another variation, it is noted that selected portions of the frame can be deemed the "active region" of the image. This region is somewhat difficult to define and is somewhat content dependent. But, generally speaking it is approximately a central area of the frame. More commonly, it is approximately an upper central portion of the frame of approximately half (say, one third to �) of the overall area of the frame centered at approximately the center of the frame horizontally and approximately the tenth to fifteenth slice. In accordance with this variation, random or pseudo-random slices are encrypted (e.g., by encryption of packets containing the slice header) with a weighting function applied to cause the active region of the image to be encrypted with greater frequency than other portions of the image. By way of example, and not limitation, assume that the center of the image is the active region. In this case, for example, a linear or a bell shaped weighting function can be applied to the random selection of slices to encrypt so that slices near the center are more frequently encrypted than those at the top or bottom of the image. In another example, assume that slices 8–22 of a 30 slice frame are deemed to bound the active region. Slices can then be randomly selected in each frame for encryption with a multiplication factor used to increase the likelihood that slices 8–22 will be encrypted. For example, those slices can be made twice or three times as likely to be encrypted as other slices. Equivalently, slices 1–7 and 23–30 can be made less likely to be encrypted. Any suitable pattern of macroblocks within a slice can be encrypted in order to encrypt the slice. Other variations will occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present teachings.
Moat Pattern Encryption
The above slice mask encryption technique can be viewed as creating horizontal "moats" of encrypted information in the video frame, with each moat corresponding to a single slice in width. The moat width can be varied by encrypting multiple adjacent slices. In a similar manner, vertical "moats" can be generated by selecting macroblocks of data to be encrypted in a particular frame of data. This is depicted in
To create the moats in accordance with preferred embodiments, intra-coded macroblocks in the vertical and horizontal stripe through the image are encrypted. By encrypting the intra-coded macroblocks, inter-coded macroblocks are left without reference data and become meaningless, thus effectively scrambling the video image. In other embodiments, the horizontal stripes can be encrypted by any suitable technique including, but not limited to, encryption of the slice header, encryption of the slice header plus the first macroblock, encryption of all macroblocks in the slice or any other suitable technique. Similarly, the vertical stripes can be encrypted by encryption of intra-coded macroblocks or all macroblocks in the stripe without departing from the invention.
It should be noted that to encrypt certain macroblocks generally suggests that the payload of a packet carrying the macroblock is encrypted. This further implies that, in fact, more data on one side, the other or both of the target macroblock will also be encrypted. This results in even greater amounts of data being encrypted and thus greater encryption security.
In one embodiment of this encryption mode, it is assumed that the first macroblock with absolute DC luminance and chrominance information is encrypted. Each macroblock after that is encrypted differentially from the macroblock to the left to produce the horizontal stripes.
By breaking up the image up into a checker board pattern as illustrated, the vertical moats prevent the direct calculation of all the macroblocks on a slice with one good known value anywhere on the slice. Although a known value may be obtained by correlation of macroblocks from previous frames of the same slice or clear intracoded macroblocks from another part of the slice, this is generally inadequate to provide an effective hack to the encryption method. By use of the checkerboard pattern of encryption, the correlated macroblock would only "fix" the macroblocks in the particular checkerboard square in which that macroblock is located . . . not the entire slice. Thus, the vertical moat creates a discontinuity which increases distortion in the image.
Likewise for horizontal encrypted moats. This encryption technique prevents intracoded macroblocks from slices below or above the encrypted slice from being used to correct information in macroblocks above or below. The horizontal stripe or moat creates a discontinuity that disrupts a hacker's ability to obtain enough reference data to effectively decrypt the image. This checker board pattern produces a bandwidth savings in a dual or multiple encryption scenario which is substantially reduced compared with 100 % encryption of the slice.
Multiple combinations of the encryption techniques are possible to produce encryption that has varying bandwidth requirements, varying levels of security and varying complexity. Such encryption techniques can be selected by control computer 118 in accordance with the needs of the MSO. The above-described encryption techniques can provide several additional choices to enrich a pallette of encryption techniques that can thus be selected by control computer 118 to vary the encryption making hacking more difficult.
Numerous other combinations of the above encryption techniques as well as those described in the above-referenced patent applications and other partial encryption techniques can be combined to produce a rich pallette of encryption techniques from which to select. In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, a selection of packets to encrypt can be made by the control computer 118 in order to balance encryption security with bandwidth and in order to shift the encryption technique from time to time to thwart hackers.
An authorized set-top box such as 300 illustrated in
While the above embodiments describe encryption of packets containing the selected data type, it is also possible to encrypt the raw data prior to packetizing without departing from this invention and such encryption is considered equivalent thereto.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments based upon use of a programmed processor (e.g., processor 118, processors implementing any or all of the elements of 114 or implementing any or all of the elements of 300). However, the invention should not be so limited, since the present invention could be implemented using hardware component equivalents such as special purpose hardware and/or dedicated processors which are equivalents to the invention as described and claimed. Similarly, general purpose computers, microprocessor based computers, micro-controllers, optical computers, analog computers, dedicated processors and/or dedicated hard wired logic may be used to construct alternative equivalent embodiments of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the program steps and associated data used to implement the embodiments described above can be implemented using disc storage as well as other forms of storage such as for example Read Only Memory (ROM) devices, Random Access Memory (RAM) devices; optical storage elements, magnetic storage elements, magneto-optical storage elements, flash memory, core memory and/or other equivalent storage technologies without departing from the present invention. Such alternative storage devices should be considered equivalents.
The present invention, as described in embodiments herein, is implemented using a programmed processor executing programming instructions that are broadly described above form that can be stored on any suitable electronic storage medium or transmitted over any suitable electronic communication medium or otherwise be present in any computer readable or propagation medium. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the processes described above can be implemented in any number of variations and in many suitable programming languages without departing from the present invention. For example, the order of certain operations carried out can often be varied, additional operations can be added or operations can be deleted without departing from the invention. Error trapping can be added and/or enhanced and variations can be made in user interface and information presentation without departing from the present invention. Such variations are contemplated and considered equivalent.
Software code and/or data embodying certain aspects of the present invention may be present in any computer readable medium, transmission medium, storage medium or propagation medium including, but not limited to, electronic storage devices such as those described above, as well as carrier waves, electronic signals, data structures (e.g., trees, linked lists, tables, packets, frames, etc.) optical signals, propagated signals, broadcast signals, transmission media (e.g., circuit connection, cable, twisted pair, fiber optic cables, waveguides, antennas, etc.) and other media that stores, carries or passes the code and/or data. Such media may either store the software code and/or data or serve to transport the code and/or data from one location to another. In the present exemplary embodiments, MPEG compliant packets, slices, tables and other data structures are used, but this should not be considered limiting since other data structures can similarly be used without departing from the present invention.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, permutations and variations will become apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended that the present invention embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.
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Owner name: SONY ELECTRONICS, INC., A CORP. OF DELAWARE, NEW J
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CANDELORE, BRANT;DEROVANESSIAN, HENRY;PEDLOW, LEO JR.;REEL/FRAME:013413/0362;SIGNING DATES FROM 20021008 TO 20021014
Owner name: SONY CORPORATION, A JAPANESE CORPORATION, JAPAN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CANDELORE, BRANT;DEROVANESSIAN, HENRY;PEDLOW, LEO JR.;REEL/FRAME:013413/0362;SIGNING DATES FROM 20021008 TO 20021014
|Jun 28, 2010
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jun 26, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


text:
Before you go ordering something for yourself for the upcoming fall season, you better check out Christian Louboutin Fall 2011 Collection because a shoe collection is never complete without a pair of these red soled beauties.
Christian Louboutin produces the most intriguing pieces in any given season. There is not a season that there is no mention of Christian Louboutin because you know very well that this designer aims to please. In this collection, you will notice that while the designers stick to what works, there are some that will catch your eye immediately.
A good example of that standout piece is the Alex Pump. It's a Lion Paw Pump that truly arouses the fierceness in any woman.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Assaulted Calif. officer shoots motorist
By Alejandro Alfonso
Inside Bay Area
SAN LORENZO — A California Highway Patrol officer shot a man after he crashed his car into her vehicle and allegedly assaulted the female officer, the Alameda County Sheriffs Office reported.
The officer had stopped another vehicle when the incident occurred early Sunday morning.
Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy
Full story: Assaulted Calif. officer shoots motorist


text:
Artificial Intelligence Implications for Marketing
I had the pleasure of presenting at the Direct Marketing Association of Detroit's (DMAD) "Fast Forward" Spring conference. It was a great homecoming, as the DMAD was a critical association early on in my Direct Marketing aspect of my career. I was glad to be back and continuing the longstanding tradition of advancing the data driven direct marketing profession through education, community and sharing my expertise.
Marketers are applying insights gathered from AI to business and marketing strategies and may not even know it! This presentation provides you with the basics that you need to understand from natural language processing, machine learning and deep learning the 3 essential aspects of Artificial Intelligence. You'll also benefit from several examples that describe how Artificial Intelligence is being applied to marketing:
- Marketing Automation and Customer Relationship Management
- Social Media Listening, Identifying Influencers and Communities and Prioritizing Top Influencers for engagement
- Content curation and Product recommendations
- Writing SEO optimized headlines
- Speech recognition
- Ad Targeting
- Chatbots
- Dynamic pricing


text:
The show begins with Kim, Greg, Jimmy and Christine in the kitchen. Kim informs the group that Sam's doctor is retiring early. Kim is distressed at the news and announces that they were referred to a new doctor. Kim and Greg reluctantly decide to give the new Dr., Dr. Trabert a Chance. The opening credits roll.
The show returns with Kim and Greg in a Doctor's office. The office is completely empty. They are surprised by the vacancy in the office. When a young man walks in carrying a pizza box. They find out he is a doctor and hear his wife is the receptionist and that actually his kid is sick. The two decide to sneak out and not have the appointment.
Greg and Kim go to a new office. They have gotten an appointment with Dr. Bernstein, the most famous Dr. in LA. However they had to say that they go to the same Synagogue. The nurse calls the two in and they go meet with the Dr. Kim accidentally offends him about his birthmark, however, the Dr. still lets them join his practice.
Jimmy, Greg and the kids are in the kitchen. Greg is serving everyone pasta. Jimmy points out that when the girls are out Greg becomes the wife, because he cooks, cleans and snaps at Jimmy. They all begin to eat. When Greg hears a faint whistling Jimmy inspects to find out what it is. They realize that it's Sam. Sam had stuck a piece of uncooked pasta up his nose. Greg become extremely furious. Greg does not want Jimmy to take out the pasta with pliars, and insists that Sam go to the doctor.
At the doctor's office Jimmy is watching the fish with Dominic. Greg reminds that receptionist that they had been waiting for a half-hour. The receptionist is anything but helpful and says they have to wait for an opening. When the Dr. comes out Greg confronts him. When the Dr. suggests he go to an ER Greg is extremely offended. Luckily, Jimmy gets the pasta out himself. However, the Dr. tells Greg to find a new Dr. and Greg walks out angrily, only to come back in and ask for his parking to be validated. Then the show goes to commercial.
When the show returns Kim and Christine walk through the door and into the living room finding an empty house. Right behind them walk in all of the guys. Greg tries to get Kim to agree with him that the Dr. is the wrong choice for them. He then reluctantly explains that Sam stuck a noodle up his nose and what happened at the Dr.'s Office. Kim explains that he gets stuff stuck up his nose all the time and that he shouldn't have taken him to the office. When Greg says that they are not welcome back at the office, Kim forces him to go back and apologize to Dr. Bernstein. Greg doesn't want to but when Jimmy agrees with Kim, Greg decides to go and apologize.
Greg enters the office and explains to the receptionist that he has come back to apologize. When another patient's father complains to the receptionist Greg tells him to calm down and explains to the dad that getting upset won't get him anywhere. The man then begins to pick a fight with Greg and as they are fighting the Dr. comes out again kicking Greg out once again.
When Greg comes home, Kim informs him that Sam has a fever. Greg suggest that they call the Dr. Trabert. Kim calls, thinking that he won't be there because it's the weekend. When she gets a hold of the Dr., she is surprised that he knows Sam's name, has other patients and is actually coming over for a house call. Jimmy walks in and comments how the Dr. must be a loser because he is making a house call on a Friday night, but Kim and Greg don't care they are just glad that they have found the right doctor for Sam. The show goes to Commercial.
When the show returns the doorbell rings and Greg answers it. When he opens the door the father he got in a fight with at the office runs in and attacks Greg. When Greg pushes him out the door the man runs in from the back of the house and attacks him again. Then Greg wakes up and we realize it was a dream. The show ends.


text:
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text:
It's like I blinked and time flew by me this month.
Last week, I promised to share something with you. Something exciting, and no, I didn't forget.
Life turned our week upside down and delayed this a bit.
Last week was my son's birthday. He's such a brave and wonderful boy.
The day before his birthday we went for his annual check up at the doctor's office. It was shot time. Rather than delay the inevitable (shots now or later) he got two shots to update his vaccinations. My kiddos have never had trouble with getting shots before, until now.
I made green mine craft rice crispy treats for him to take to school, but my son missed school on his birthday and the day after. He ran a fever for two days as a side effect of getting his vaccinations updated. It's moments like these that make you feel like a terrible mother. If only God would have installed an alarm alert device inside us when we become moms so we'd get a warning before things like this happen, right?
Sigh… There's nothing like spending your birthday on the couch with your Spider-man comforter, a good book (or two) and your favorite TV show to watch to help make you feel better.
Needless to say, I got sidetracked last week, but thanks to my husband and oldest daughter, I was still able to fulfill my promise.
Planet Mitch: The Lost Star is now available on Kindle!!
When a star, named Ursa, lands in Mitch's backyard, he must choose between helping her return home or proving to his friends she really exists.
For kids ages 7-12
Because you all have been so patient, supportive, and understanding….
And because if your kids are like my kids — they are off school for an elongated weekend for the Easter Holiday…
You can download The Lost Star FREE Today through Sunday!! (March 25th – March 27th).
I know what your thinking. What is a farm girl writing sweet romances doing writing a sci-fi adventure for kids? We'll talk about that more on Monday.
In the meantime, feel free to share this with your friends and have a blessed Easter weekend.


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UPDATE: Per Jason Beck on Twitter Guillen hits the DL with shoulder inflammation. Also Jeff Larish is called up and Clay Rapada heads down.
The Tigers have called up Clete Thomas. A corresponding roster move hasn't been announced, but with Carlos Guillen's struggles and general injury-ness (achilles and shoulder pain) it is likely he is heading to the DL.
Thomas is only hitting 236/349/371, but he should provide solid defense. An outfield of Thomas/Granderson/Anderson with Ordonez DH'ing would provide some solid defense.
Tigers call up Clete Thomas | Freep.com | Detroit Free Press


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These Athletes on Harvard's Baseball Team Know How To Have Fun On the Road..
Found this gem floating on Reddit.. I can only imagine how boring these road trips would be otherwise without doing something like this..It is mindblowing to learn the guy seen sleeping (in the left hand corner) never woke up during the entire song. At least that's what the creators of this video say. Must be a gifted bloke to be able to sleep despite all the chaos around him!
[yframe url='http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEWVwgDnuzE']


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Improving the Efficiency of the U.S. Highway System. Clifford Winston The Brookings Institution. Overview. Summary comments on roads Raising revenue efficiently Reducing costs efficiently Spurring technical innovation. Highway Performance: Delays.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Clifford Winston
The Brookings Institution
Average Annual Traffic Delay in Major Metropolitan Areas, 1982-2001
mitigate delays
raise revenues efficiently (self financing)
improve land use (other effects)
Reduce costs
Make suppliers more responsive to users
More rapid introduction of innovations


text: Human Rights Observatory Thai Junta Appoints Reform Council Thailand's junta approved on Friday a 250-member council to draw up political reforms and approve a new constitution, main steps in a military plan for a general election late next year. Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha, the army chief who led a May 22 coup, picked the members of the council himself but declined to release their names, saying they needed royal approval first. "The NCPO has chosen the 250 candidates and the names will be forwarded to His Majesty the King for...Read complete article© Voice of America - Friday, September 26, 2014


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Quotes by Ralph Waldo Emerson have always made us stop and think! – They always have a very strong way of conveying a message
- The only way to get over fear, is to get through it
- You don't know what exists on the other side, fear maybe an illusion, maybe real, maybe simpler than thought or maybe fiercer, but the only way out of it is to face it, that's where you identify the solution
- "Face the Brutes" as Swami Vivekananda said, it is only when you stand tall and face it you get to realize how minuscule it is in front of a solid will and action
- It is always action that brought solution, never the brooding nor the self pity. If you are really afraid of something, do it, that way it is no more an illusion, it is the simple plain truth and once you face it, you realize was that all there was.
I know that giving gyaan sometimes is the easiest thing to do, or maybe is that why I am blogging about it here?! Well either ways, I am a little afraid to type publish for this post, but the only way out is facing it, right? 😉


text: A prayer vigil was held Friday in Dallas, Texas, for 12 police officers who were shot when gunfire erupted during a peaceful protest Thursday night. Five of the officers were killed. The sniper attack happened during a march against police shootings earlier this week that killed two black men in Louisiana and Minnesota. As we hear from VOA's Deborah Block, reaction to the shootings continues.


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The Trans-Siberian Orchestra is helping us wrap up our 30th year rockin' Cleveland with two shows on New Years Eve, 3pm & 9pm. I've been talking TSO with founder Paul O'Neil for 20 years now, and he keeps coming up with mind blowing ways to stage this powerful music.
Get tickets and more info on the shows here.


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Croco Gold Work Bag
Brand: Peacock Plume
Price: Rs. 2100
Work bags were never so trendy yet practical This subtle colored spacious bagblends inperfectly with your office outfits and is the perfect companion to ashopping spree or a day full of chores. It has a sturdy crocodile impressionedtop half and long shoulder straps for comfort. The bottom half comes in aneutral beige color. Also; a utility compartment is provided inside the bag.Wipe external surface with a dry cloth or sponge to avoid dust from settlingon the surface. Air it once a week to avoid any foul smell. Keep away fromheat and moisture. Store in cool and dry place.Material Used : Faux leatherLength 11; Width 5; Height 13 inches


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Irish reign on Riviera with marriage equality campaign as stars flock to festival
Irish adland is celebrating success, beating challengers from around the globe at this year's Cannes Lions festival - the world's biggest awards for the creative communications industry.
Dublin agency Rothco picked up a bronze award for its 'Shred of Decency' campaign in support of a Yes vote in the recent marriage equality referendum.
It puts them alongside Ogilvy Dublin, whose ground-breaking work for ISPCC was presented with a similar honour a few years ago. A team from Rothco spoke right after reality TV star Kim Kardashian on the theme 'Blood, Sex and Storytelling - what Shakespeare can teach us about turning crowds into audiences'.
Advertisers from Ireland at the festival include Heineken's marketing director Sharon Walsh and Tom Kinsella, group marketing director at AIB. Both arrived in town in time to see the best marketing communications on show in their respective categories.
The festival continues to amaze. All the serious talk is done in the Palais des Festivals, with dozens of presentations on the hour every hour and screenings of the top campaigns from around the globe.
The geographic diversity confirms that the power of a good idea, based on a universal human experience we all recognise, works best.
Some of the most powerful work has been for charities, such as The Gun Shop's 'Every gun has a history, let's not repeat it'. It's worth checking out on YouTube. Some of the simplest ideas are the best. Everyone knows children hate putting on sun cream. Nivea came up with a neat solution using a doll.
Ireland's delegates competing in the Young Lions competitions for creatives aged under 28 were given two communication challenges. One team was asked to join the fight against malaria.
Their target? To come up with a media campaign to inspire at least 20 major businesses and high net worth individuals to join the Malaria 2030 group.
The second pair must collect 5m online signatures in the next 100 days for the #upforschool petition, ahead of the UN Summit in September. And they must do it with no money. All within 48 hours!
The festival is no longer just an ad fest. Speakers in recent days include Viola Davis, star of TV series 'How to Get Away with Murder' and celebrity chef Jamie Oliver. Musician Pharrell Williams and internet inventor Tim Berners Lee are here to speak too.
The talks by Kardashian and Oliver were delayed due to a strike by taxi drivers opposed to new Uber platform.
It's ironic really, given the amount of discussion at the conference about the role technology can play in simplifying our lives.
One constant is the question, what does the future hold? The more futuristic talks focus on developments some years out. Many feel the power of artificial intelligence has reached a tipping point and may impact on our lives dramatically in the next decade.
Tim Berners Lee spoke a little incoherently about this. Meanwhile, design studios that combine architects, storytellers and digital designers took us on a journey into some amazing physical buildings they create.
We got to see immersive spaces that emote, adapt and personalise in real time. The most impressive example was from a firm called Local Projects, which designed the 9/11 memorial in New York and the recently-opened Cooper Hewitt national design museum in Washington DC.
Visitors to the museum get to create their own wallpaper and the walls come alive with their design. All the work of the museum is available on a huge screen. You can draw on it and see if your image has links to a masterpiece in the collection.
It's hard to describe in words, but visitors seems to be enchanted.
Tania Banotti is CEO of the Institute of Advertising Practitioners of Ireland
Indo Business


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Years ago, when my first son was four years old, I read him a book and some of the words won't leave me. But I don't know what the title was.
The gist of the story was that the barnyard animals planned an escape from the barnyard, to get to somewhere I don't recall. As they were leaving the enclosure, they heard,
"Go back! Go back!" the duckling quacked,
"Or you'll be sorry, that's a fact!"
The other words that go around in my head are,
"Cluckity Cluck! Cluckity Cluck!
Bad luck to be bord a duck!"
If anyone out there can tell me what this children's book is, I'd really appreciate it. Thanks!
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The City of Columbia is a vibrant and fast growing City. There is plenty to offer in Columbia in the way of downtown shopping, arts and entertainment, college-level and professional sports, economic and urban development.
"We are Columbia...a world-class City looking for world-class talent". The City is always in the process of recruiting great people to fill the positions we have available. We employ a diverse workforce from animal technicians to zoning inspectors.
To access the City of Columbia Career Portal to view and apply for available career opportunities, please click here.
Benefits of Working for the City of Columbia
The City of Columbia wants to attract and retain qualified, productive, and motivated employees who will provide efficient and effective services to the citizens. An employee's total compensation is comprised of pay and benefits. We offer a comprehensive benefits package designed to provide a variety of choices to best fit your needs and the needs of your family.
For eligible employees, we offer:
According to the South Carolina Freedom of Information Act, salary information for public employees in South Carolina who earn more than $50,000 is public record. Please click on the listing of City of Columbia employees earning $50,000 or more annually.
(803) 545-3010


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Answers to your Questions
- Morning drop off: 7:20
- Preschool: half- day 8 - 12
- Preschool: full day 8-3
- After School Care: available until 6 pm
We offer after school care until 6:00 p.m. for PK-8th grade students for an additional fee.
We offer a five-day program, either full or half-day.
Half-day is 8 - 12. Full-day is 8-3.
Students must be three by September 1 for our three-year-old class and four by September 1 for our four-year-old class.
Students must be five years old by August 1.
Yes, students beginning in kindergarten have uniform requirements. See our Uniform Policy.
We are a ministry of River City Communiy Church in San Antonio. We do not receive financial support from the church, and we operate as a separate 501(c)(3).
Enrollment for the 2015-16 school year was 176.
Yes. Scholarships are awarded each year on a limited basis. Scholarships at RCBA are competitive. Consideration is given to student's character, academic record, the family's faith commitment, and to financial need. After payment of the application fee, families may request access to the scholarship application from the Admissions Director. This scholarship application is accessible online, and can take 2-3 weeks to process once submitted.
No. STAAR tests are mandated for public schools. We do administer standardized tests for K-11th once per year so we may measure our students' progress and compare their performance to private and public schools across the nation. Our philosophy is that standardized testing should be an assessment of the efficacy of our classroom instruction and curriculum; therefore, we do not review for testing.
Yes. We are a SEVIS approved school and are in position to extend I-20 documentation for students wishing to study in the US. We do not provide boarding at this time.
Yes! We highly encourage you to schedule a "shadow day" with us. This is a wonderful way of helping determine if we are a good fit for your student. Your student will shadow a fellow student and spend the entire school day observing and getting to know what a day at RCBA is like. We invite you to schedule this visit as part of the Admissions Process.
Click to request information, or contact us at 210-656-2999.


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The Statue of Liberty
Book Description
Children are taught to respect the symbols of America from their first day of school. The Statue of Liberty provides teachers an easy-to-read picture book explaining the creation, history, and meaning of the symbol that represents our nation's freedom.
Book Information
|Abdo Publishing Company
|Audio CD (10 editions)
|Reading Level
|Ages 4-8
|# of Pages
|Publication Date
The Creators
About Darlene R. Stille (Author) : Darlene R. Stille is a published author of children's books and young adult books. Some of the published credits of Darlene R. Stille include Great Shakes: The Science of Earthquakes (Headline Science... more
View Darlene R. Stille's profile
View Darlene R. Stille's profile
Todd Ouren (Illustrator) : Todd Ouren has been a professional artist for over 20 years. Todd has illustrated and designed numerous award-winning books and greeting cards. Raised near Fergus Falls, Minnesota, Todd now lives in ... more
View Todd Ouren's profile
View Todd Ouren's profile
Reader Comments
Amazon US ReviewsWrite a review on Amazon.com for this book
Amazon UK ReviewsWrite a review on Amazon.co.uk for this book
Barnes & Noble ReviewsWrite a review on Barnes & Noble for this book
Goodreads ReviewsWrite a review on Goodreads for this book


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My story
View Single Post
July 9th, 2006, 03:31 AM
Platinum Supermommy
Join Date: Jul 2005
Location: Michigan
Posts: 12,330
I think what you did shows a lot of compassion & courage. I hope that you are very proud of yourself for deciding to give him more opportunities in this life. I hope too that you have left that abusive situation & have been able to move forward in your life. Thank you so much for choosing to share your story here & I wish you all the best!
B - Crazy momma to my two boys
We've begun to raise daughters more like sons... but few have the courage to raise our sons more like our daughters. ~Gloria Steinem
If a man has been his mother's undisputed darling he retains throughout life the triumphant feeling, the confidence in success, which not seldom brings actual success along with it. ~Sigmund Freud
My mom is a neverending song in my heart of comfort, happiness, and being. I may sometimes forget the words but I always remember the tune. ~Graycie Harmon
Don't wait to make your son a great man - make him a great boy. ~Author Unknown
You don't raise heroes, you raise sons. And if you treat them like sons, they'll turn out to be heroes, even if it's just in your own eyes. ~Walter M. Schirra, Sr.
A man loves his sweetheart the most, his wife the best, but his mother the longest. ~Irish Proverb
Mother's love is peace. It need not be acquired, it need not be deserved. ~Erich Fromm
Children need love, especially when they do not deserve it. - Harold Hulbert
Mother is the name for God in the lips and hearts of little children. ~William Makepeace Thackeray
God could not be everywhere, so he created mothers. ~Jewish Proverb
The best conversations with mothers always take place in silence, when only the heart speaks. ~Carrie Latet
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Find all posts by beck12


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Our Honduran coffee is grown in the Capucas region
Honduras, located in Central America, became the region's biggest coffee producer in 2011. There are more than 100,000 small coffee growers and the industry generates over 1 million jobs during the harvest season. The COCAFCAL (Cooperativa Cafetalera Capucas Limitada) Coop which provides our Honduras beans was one of the first registered coffee cooperatives in Honduras. The Coop recognized that by increasing the quality of their coffee production including organic and fair trade certified, they could generate higher revenue and not solely be reliant on commodity coffee prices. The coffee is grown at 3600-5000 feet
This Full City roast coffee has a big complex flavor, with hints of caramel and nuts
$14.00 1 lb
1 lb - $14.00
-- select --
Whole Bean
Electric Espresso
Stove Top Espresso
Melitta Drip
Regular Drip - paper filter
Percolater/ Gold Cone
French Press


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Just past the main seaside town of Santa Eulalia, Es Cana is a cute little beach with shallow water, making it a great safe place to take little ones. The hotel is basically right on the water so a great location, but the best thing about it for me is its close proximity to the hippy market – great for trinkets, gifts and just about anything you can think of really.
Clean and simple with the very best feature being the sea views from the balcony (be sure to request this on booking). I chose to upgrade to a premium room, as they're slightly more modern, have a flatscreen TV, mini-bar and a much better bathroom by a girl's standard, though families may prefer the twins and triples – some rooms are even available as inter-connecting for bigger families.
Public areas
Probably in need of a bit of a revamp, but clean and spacious nonetheless. There's a games room - a blessing on an evening for families with teenagers.
Eating and drinking
I didn't opt for the all inclusive option, and breakfast was served just a little too early for me (7.30am until 11am) so I can't really report on the food. Based on the happy families all around, and the restaurant's popularity at meal times, I'd say give it a go.
Leisure facilities
There's a pool that's relatively small given the size of the hotel, and seems to be overflowing with lilos and little kids at all times. Since the beach is just one minute away, I preferred to take my towel to the sand. Frazzled parents will love Panda Club – a dedicated indoor area and outdoor playground full of fun stuff for little ones with supervision so mum and dad can go and find some peace somewhere.
Really friendly and helpful, and the Panda Club staff seem to win over so many kids hearts that they cry when saying goodbye – bless!
Who stays there
Predominantly British families escaping the cold. Not advised for clubbers or anyone wanting to sleep all day and party all night.
Price advice
Safety deposit boxes, Playstation consoles and DVDs can be rented for an additional cost from reception and WiFi access is charged at one euro for 15 minutes. Though staying put in one location and having set meal times isn't really for me, I heard great reports from families about the all inclusive option.
- High-Speed Internet
- Restaurant
- Room Service
- Swimming Pool
Recommended for
- Families with teenagers
- Families with younger children
- Great views / scenery
- Chilling out
Pros & Cons
- Great entertainment for kids
- Convenient location
- Perfect for families on a budget
- Small swimming pool
- Noisy during the day


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AddressGeetanjali Educational Trust, #77, 'Anugraha', 3rd Floor, 13th Cross, Opp. Mc Donalds Sampige Road, Malleshwaram, Bangalore - 560003 View map
CategoriesDistance Education Courses , Management Courses , Masters
Executive MBA in Bangalore
We provide high end career advice and coaching to the students who are interested in Executive MBA through Distance Education from various Universities.
Course Duration
One year of two semesters. Candidate is required to complete the course within two years from the date of enrollment.
Minimum Pass Marks
Candidate must obtain 40% for all the subjects. Evaluation is based on Internal assessment through assignments with a percentage of 25 and Term-end examination having a percentage of 75
Candidates who have successfully completed graduation from a recognized University in any field and three years of work experience in any managerial or supervisory position. MBBS, CA, ACS and LLB professionals are also eligible.
Documents for Admission
• Date of Birth Certificate or any document showing date of Birth
• 10th marks card
• 12th marks card
• Graduation or Diploma
• Provisional/ Final Passing Certificate
• Minimum 3 Years Work Experience Certificate
All our Distance Education courses are recognised by all the state Governments, University Grant Commission (UGC) and Association of Indian University (AIU).
When you select Geetanjali Institute you cannot go wrong. We have many years of experience and are considered to be the best Distance Education in Bangalore.
Call +91 80-4090 6010 for last date for admission for academic year 2015 or Email: firstname.lastname@example.com for more details and to enroll..Enroll Now


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Unfortunately, there are no guarantees in life how your children will turn out. Even the best parents can find themselves struggling with what feels like the spawn of Satan! Of course, parenting styles are a huge contributing factor to a child's development but all we're saying is that things aren't always black and white. And, then you've also got the separate issues connected with nightmare step children! Here we have some shocking confessions from various parents who are at their wits end with the unruly kids in their lives. Take a look!
Website: Whisper
What an unfortunate situation.
Maybe giving birth will help her to mature.
Sometimes we don't realize our mistakes until it's too late.
This seems a little unfair…
WOW! We were not expecting that ending!
We feel for this person. Knowing how to handle and disciplining a child that isn't yours can be tricky and it's even worse without support.
Ouch. It's never too late for them to change?
At 19, this girl still has a lot to learn. Maybe a push in the right direction would help.
An explanation and dealing with the issues might be another way to tackle things…
It sounds like there's some huge friction here!


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Library of Congress Authority Record
According to the Authority record for the name McDill in the Library of congress catalog, the names connected to this venerable surname are: MacDill, Madill, Medill, and Medille. No mention is made of McDilda, Dilda, or Dill, for what it's worth.The L.C. record also cited a monograph by L.A.M. Dingwall called The Descendents of Benjamin Madill, dated 1983.
Columbia University catalog has a record ofa book called An American Dynasty which makes mention of some notable McDills. Is anyone familiar with either of the books mentioned above?
C. McDill


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Kandypens Mini, is a sub-ohm vape pen made for wax concentrates. It has two different types of atomizers, allowing for a unique vaping experience for wax and concentrates.
KandyPens Mini Introduction:
If you're an experience vapor, you're definitely familiar with KandyPens, with good reason, they are one of the most well known companies that make some of the best vape pens available on the market today. KandyPens is the company behind the Galaxy, Donuts, Gravity, and now the Mini. Without further details, let's get to it.
Main Points for KandyPens Mini:
Price and Overview:
The Mini is priced higher than the original Galaxy and Donuts vaporizers but rest assured that it's worth the money. The Mini is priced this way because it delivers. It comes with two different types of atomizers: quartz dual coil or ceramic coil-less. Personally, the quartz dual atomizer is my preference because the draw intakes are stronger on the quartz than on the ceramic.
Let me tell you, the airflow is amazing. In fact, it's beyond amazing.
While the Galaxy and Donut where sometimes known to have tight draws, the Mini does not have this problem at all. This is the go-to vape pen for those you love to sub-ohm tank and/or RDA. When it comes to airflow, the Mini certainly delivers. I'm actually surprised at the massive airflow I get from it, no matter the settings.
In addition to the massive airflow, I really like that the atomizer is so easy to clean and maintaining it does not give me a headache. Great news! KandyPens provides alcohol pads to aid in the cleaning and maintenance of your wax vape pen. All you have to go, is give it a good clean wipe from top to down and down to top, then dry burn the coils and just like that they are clean. Pretty cool cleaning method. Right!
Personally, I'm not really into coil-less atomizers, needless to say the Mini's ceramic coil-less atomizer did not impress me. However, that's only because I prefer harder hits and the Mini's quarts dual coil definitely delivers on that aspect. Either way, both atomizers work great. It all depends on your preference.
What We Love:
– Very small but has immense power (sub-ohm)
– Pass-through Micro-USB charging
– Accessing coils is super easy
– Lifetime warranty provided on batteries
– Amazing airflow system
– Super easy to clean and maintain
– On the expensive side (Use our code to save money)
– Ceramic coil-less atomizer is not my preferred vaping method
Overall, this vaporizer is definitely one of the best wax pens KandyPens has come up with. It's small, easily portable, delivers powerful vape punches. In other words, it has all of the amazing features of the original KandyPens and improved them to the next level. The Mini has a pass-through Micro-USB charging feature, meaning you can still vape while it's charging. If you're new to vape pen and can afford to spend the money, this is definitely a great choice. And if you're an experienced vape lover, this is a nice upgrade.


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Top iPhone / iPad Apps of All Time
Yesterday I posted that iPhone Apps had hit 10 Billion. So what are the most downloaded Apps of all time? Which will be the 10 billionth app downloaded. As of yet the winning app has not been listed but anyone willing to guess ------"Angry Birds"? If CES was any indication then this is the year of the Birds. Angry ones. Here are some of the most downloaded apps to date:
All-Time Top Free iPad Apps
All-Time Top Paid iPad Apps
All-Time Top Free iPhone Apps
All-Time Top Paid iPhone Apps
The complete list can be found here - All-Time Top iPhone Apps, Top iPad Apps
What are your favorite apps?


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Most Viewed
intel Archive
AMD Kaveri GDDR5M
AMD leaks have been plentiful this weekend, just days before the Hawaii event. There have been leaks/rumors surrounding the new video cards and there has been leaks/rumors about Kaveri. Lets talk about Kaveri. The most recent rumors surrounding Kaveri are that the chip will top out at 832 stream processors instead of 512. The "leaks" show the chip posting several hundred percent gains in benchmarks over CPUs that cant take advantage of gpgpu compute like HSA can, all on 3GB of 1600 DDR3. Kaveri is going to be the first chip ever to support HSA, so hearing rumors that it…
Corsair H50 vs. CoolerMaster V8
If you are wondering how the Corsair H50 water cooler stacks up to CoolerMasters V8 air cooler, here is my real world (ghetto) review. Now, I have been running CM's V8 for some years now and have always wanted to get the H50 because I overclock and am always looking for that bit of extra headroom so I can raise the clock a wee bit more. When the H50 first hit the market I decided to wait to see how the thing stood up to its air cooling competitors, but could never find definitive reviews with both coolers going toe…
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text: help help help!! a friend has invited me to be his +1 at a works event in 4 weeks time. I allready know what im going to be wearing (green top with black trousers and little brown wedge heels) however, im stuck for what to take as a clutch bag, and i figured its time for somthing new anyway (only got my damier musette salsa last week) hehe right as im wearing light brown shoes i thought maybe mono was better, so prehaps my Hudson?? but no its too huge!!! I need something small but can fit my wallet, phone & keys. I considerd the Wapity but its too small. Maybe the MC Shirley, but is it too many colours going on with the green and all the colours of the MC?? But i dont think they do it in Mono *darn* so we're talking small but perfectly formed (kinnda like myself) lol! oh so confusing!!! any advice would be so gratefully appreciated!! HUGE thanks in advance girls


text: DJ Beat2- Elements Inc Podcast by DJBeat2 published on 2014-04-06T17:42:15Z A recent Podcast recorded for my friends at Elements Inc. from Pune City which also contains my bootleg of Only This Moment- Royksopp (DJ Beat2 Floating Re-work). Tune in, sit back and Enjoy! Elements Inc Podcast Tracklist:- 1) Fran Von Vie - Lonely Nights Ft. Cio May (Deaf Pillow Remix) 2) Henry Saiz Feat. Cornelia - Fill Me Up (Dake Remix) 3) I Can Feel It Coming (Original Mix) Henry Saiz 4) Only This Moment- Royksopp (DJ Beat2 Re-work) 5) Solee - Sommerliebe (Eelke Kleijn remix) 6) 418 (Gabriel Ananda Remix) Mr Morek Highway 420 7) waiting for (deepfunk remix) luis bondio 8) Sunspot White Space Conflict (Pig & Dan Remix) Testpilot 9) Venus Transit (Ripperton Remix) Robert Babicz 10) A Good Habit (Alex Niggemann Edit) Nir Shoshani Aeon Comment by Mark Anthony Correia @djbeat2: (y) yeah sure bro! good luck! ;) 2014-04-18T17:18:08Z Comment by DJBeat2 @mac19: hey thanks brother.. you can check out my regular Podcast on www.coalitionmusic.in :) 2014-04-15T07:13:52Z Comment by Mark Anthony Correia Love the Podcast, Bro! :) good work! keep up! (y) 2014-04-15T05:22:42Z