text:
Discrimination is alive and well in even the largest of organisations. They just dress it up a little more politely.
In conversation yesterday with nPower, i asked if they would mind changing the name shown on my bill. Why not, i thought. Other organisations have done so – and whilst english law contains that thing called a deed poll, i am not aware of any legal requirement for me to produce one.
So long as they know who i am, can identify me for billing purposes, and get their money, that should be good enough. Several organisations have already seen the logic and changed my name on a call.
Well, they've done identity checks first, which is fair enough: but if the checks are good enough to discuss my personal details on, they should be good enough to change those details on also.
The local Council were happy with this. My library is happy. The Water Company is happy. But not nPower.
Yesterday they asked for "official documentation". Surely not, i said. Oh yes!
Today i spoke to a somewhat dull member of their complaints team. It was definitely a legal requirement. A moral one too, apparently. He would talk to the legal team (which he claimed he later did). It was all about Data Protection although (bad choice here, since i write about that topic regularly), he couldn't quite quote the section or principle that applied.
But he was clear that he had a duty to demand documentation where people decided to change their name "on a whim". A whim?
Oh dear. I've disrupted friends, family and work. I am taking major league hormones and lining up for even more major surgery…and it is all a whim.
But maybe…maybe he really does have a point. After all, he explained: he must protect people who might find that a bill had suddenly been taken out in their name. Indeed. Good, public-spirited thought.
Except. Ten minutes after our call, andrea phoned nPower. She had noticed that on the bill, her married name still showed: she had never changed back to her maiden one.
Could she? Why, certainly! It took about five minutes – and most of that because the call centre operator misunderstood and thought andrea wished to take on full responsibility for the bill – but by the end of the call, she had changed name.
No mention of data protection, moral responsibilities or "whims".
I am speaking to the Equalities Commission.
I am SO angry.


text:
Jada Pinkett-Smith has turned her Facebook page into a personal blog of sorts. In the past, she has discussed cheating, relationships, and various other topics related to life, love and religion.
This week Jada asked her fans via Facebook why heterosexual women decide to resort to same-sex relationships as a last resort for intimacy.
Read her full post below and check out the photo she posted as well.
"Before I begin…I want to make one thing clear. It's important that you know that I believe love comes in ALL forms. I believe a person should love WHOMEVER…HOWEVER they choose. But…I do have a question.
In the last month, three women, in their 40s, coming out of long term relationships with men have confided in me that they now feel that their last resort for companionship is that with a woman. These are women who have never engaged in or even desired to be in intimate relationships with other women. Now these women feel as though they have no other option. It seems as if there is a spike in same sex love all around. What is changing in which how men and women are relating to one another, that is creating same sex love as a LAST RESORT for heterosexual women?
Let us know what you think about Jada's comments below in the comment section.
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23 thoughts on "Jada Pinkett-Smith Asks Women Why They Resort to Same-Sex Relationships for Intimacy"
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All these all years we know going with woman and woman, men going with men been is wrong now peolpe like jade's want us to thinks the devil work is right.
Oh Please!!!
Jada asked a question. It has nothing to do with the "devil"
Some of you overly religeous types need to stop with the devil talk. You take the crap too far!
What was it in her question to make you think she want us to think that the devils work is right?
Please stop the ignorance and the dumb crap!
The Devil's question was a good one… Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the Lord God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?
And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:
But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:
For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.
The Media and the Government, and the powers that wanna be still use the same tactics, suggestive conversation or imagery and try to trick you into being old fashioned or shallow minded!
Intimacy is often mistaken for sex,which it is not, this is the confusion. We are broken women our heritage alone has made us broken, inaddition to the dysfuctional relationships we have encountered some since infancy. I am not in a same sex relationship, I am happily married and intend to keep the "until death do me part", but when I hit 40 as the women Jada refereded to I started to need intimacy not good sex with my husband.If you do not understand intimacy or what you crave as a women seek a relationship with God, there is no more filling intimacy than the one with the father.
Sex is physical and it does not feed your soul.
A very legit question Jada. Back in the 1970's I was married to a not to nice man. Not to get into the details, but one thing he said to me still resonates in my head." I KNOW WE ARE NOT GONNA MAKE IT BECAUSE OF ME, I BET YOU GONNA GET A WOMAN NOW, AFTER ME, YOU WONT EVEN WANT ANOTHER MAN AFTER ME." He was not saying this in malice, we were just having a heart to heart conversation that day. I said "NO" WHY WOULD I WANT A WOMAN . HE SAID BECAUSE I HAVE BEEN SUCH A ????? PERSON TO YOU. I SAID THAT IS YOUR ISSUE NOT MINE, I AM GONNA BE OK WITH YOU, WITHOUT YOU, ALONE OR WITH ANOTHER MAN, BUT NO I AM NOT GONNA DO THAT. So Jada, Why , you ask? I believe because just like my X thought I would have a woman next time, there are a lot of people think its the gender and not the person doing the evil deed.
Kay thank you for acknowledging the fact that getting your heart broken does not mean you will want to have intimacy with a women. it does matter like you said of the person who has done the awful deed to you, it has nothing to do with gender. thank you for acknowledging that for the others on this website. I appreciate you offering that to us. thats what I was trying to say. yes I have had my heart broken many times in my life. but it never made me wonder or want to find intimacy with a woman.
This stuflf jada is speaking about is to warp our minds. and believe in this social media crap, its just something to get our minds clouded, and take our minds into other dark places where we don't need to be. every woman out there is not turning to the other sex for intimacy. I don't understand why jada
would want to have any of our opinions.anyway.like a said it is A bunch of Rhetoric, and to blaque
like I said its social media crap jada smith does not have information on intimacy and she does not have any answers in relationships she is not going to get my mind thinking about transgender's or cross/dressers or who is gay or who is normal. I really cannot believe she would even ask something of the public like this. but I won't write about this again. there is other things going on in the world besides what jada smith wants to know. Give me break.THe devil is always in the details, lets pay attention to these social media websites, they are to warp our minds and keep us in darkness and to keep us from GOD. and keep our minds on the Devil..
Sorry, but you are way off base!
If Jada's question can warp your mind, keep you in darkness and away from GOD, then one must truly be a weak person.
I have to ask why you are taking it with such emotion? It is simply a question and one that millions of human beings may want to know about, not just Jada.
Lighten up! 🙂
I don't have to lighten for you and or anybody esle I'm just giving my opinion just like you,
buckwheat. and that is what my opinion is, and that is what is happening in real life, I'm not weak
I'm a very aware person,like I said I don't have to lighten up on anything. I'm just trying to let you know
that social media is corrupt. I'm very aware of Bull crapp, and Rhetoric. so you can say whatever you want but I can't GET YOUR LIFE .. please give me a break. don't tell me to lighten up. I have been enlightened already.
Did not write that you did not have a right to your opinion.
We all do, and we all have one.
Have a great day. 🙂
STOP THE DUMB SHYT……Jada question is a good question Joey. Hear this Joey, it's alright to ask a question, okay. Girls or woman who become curious about the opposite sex have thought/wondered and they are feeling a little lost. You ever go in a restaurant, and they have the Greek, Roman Italian wall paper that looks Bibical, and you wonder why all those naked women are laying all over each other? The world was freaky back then, but all woman together didn't mean much because woman don't have the insertion method. To get this one thing about homosexual out of the way, if I may. GOD made man first. He placed holes on his body to leak secretion eyes, ears, etc. and one special place for his bowel to rid of waste. GOD took a rib from man, and made woman giving her a insertion hole for Babies so that the bowel hole stays for waste droppings. Man is so nasty he wants to use his waste hole to have sex with the opposite sex. This is not Gay. It's called the down low, keeping it on the down low. A man born Gay is a real born Gay man. He thinks more feminine. He rather love an hold a man in his arm. This is a freakness in nature. People are born, different, with an extra toe, or finger, two heads joined, transvestite, and all types of handicapps. People are born with sensitive spots. If you rub on your ear and it feels good, you want to do that again. People have to be taught discipline. Man took lot's of things out of the picture to distort it so that he can have pleasure else where on the body. I haven't forgot about females. Give me a minute. A gay man can have pleasure with a woman. Some have been bought up that way. Society (back in the days) felt it was okay to do it the different way, therefore we end up with feminine men. today when these men have arguments and they sit down with a counselor, do you know the counselor's advice is that one of them has to learn, to be more subservient in order to get along. The female role is to be more subservient towards her man. Females are feeling lost and alone because all the men have diverted, in jail, in the grave yard, in the branches of the military or become Gay. Their are girls on the down low. There are girls who were born Gay. The girl that's on the low needs a prop in order to perform in one area as a man, but she doesn't need to bother the waste hole. People make a choice to use the waste hole, and that's nasty. Since the girl has a insertion hole it makes her a better man, than that nasty man that is using his butt hole. I'm not gay. I'm straight as an arrow, and I love men to death. Can't and don't want to live without them. So girls if you want to kiss each other go right ahead. There are things that a girl can do but a man can't. Did I answer you Jada. Love you gurl. (in a straight way, LoL).
Jada get down with women and Will get down with men and that's the fact jack.
@ Randy,
Please tell us how you would know that?
Certainly you don't pass on gossip that you "heard/read" someplace do you?
I don't believe in Religion and I don't believe in same sex marriages, there is no such thing. why do we have to listen to this Rhetoric from Jada Smith. this is just a bunch of Crap, Please love is like a rain-drop it can fall on anybody, but when it falls on me. it will be a man. not a woman, and yes I'm sure we have all had our hearts broken, but don't think for one minute that gay women and men don't get there hearts broken. its the same thing. So don't think for one minute that it matters, who gets hurt. Hurt is Hurt no matter who does it to you. its just apart of life. I'm sure we can talk about something else besides. women going off with other women because they been hurt by a man,
GIVE ME A BREAK.! please jada get some business. you have enough going on. move on people Please don't believe the HYPE.
People! I think Jada has a very valid question. I don't feel that she isasking why out of not taking in the account of all factors as stated by Ladysabrina; however I feel she is asking out of concern to say that yes there is hurt, anger, pain, mixed emotions, etc. etc. etc… that comes with relationships, but why do we give up so easily and go to same sex relationships. It is a bit of a cop out. When I hear teens state that they are gay as teens and they have only had one relationship that more than likely is not quaility or healthy, I become concerned. I am an open-minded individual and I know that right now in the world we live in there are many dysfunctionally functioning situations in homes. When women or girls automatically assume that due to their male hardship relationships that being in a same sex relationship will make it better or cure their desires for love they are perhaps cutting themselves short of mature evaluation of self and developing a relationship with a person of the opposite sex. I do not presume to be judgemental about same sex relationships; to each his own. Just concerned that some make it the new normal!
Hi Magmell, I wasn't being judgmental let me say that!.. but yes we do have young people thinking
because this is the new normal. if they are watching Television and watching reality shows, that say this is okay it gives them a sense of insecurity. we need to talk to our children. and sit down with them. instead of letting them use facebook and twitter. and think that social media controls our children. but why would jada smith wanna know what we think? what is her agenda behind this
because trust me, she has an agenda. You can have female friend and have a wonderful friendship but why do we have to subject ourselves to what everybody else is doing. why because its the New Fad, that is going on. I'm not going to involved in jada's HYPE, maybe she's thinking about having a realtionship with a woman. why is she so interested in what we think. Please give me a break. she is not even in the same class as us Regular Folk. we are not celebs. we don't live in a 15 million dollar homes. and have a husband that makes 20 million a movie. so why would she wanna know what we think? she must don't have anything to do.
I, too, have concerns and that is why I feel Jada is asking a legit question.
I believe that if you are homosexual you like being with the same sex as you, however in my opinion no straight woman would be with another woman sexually unless she was homosexual!
Because you may have had a bad relationship with a man is no reason to turn to a woman.
I believe that some of these relationships are about sex and we see more and more black females stating that they are with a woman, and even planning to marry them.
The problem may be that many woman make the wrong choices in the men they choose to bring into their lives.
The bottom line is that there are many good black men (and other races) of men out here that are worthy, ready and looking for a good women. Also ladies, you must be the person you are looking for, so stop trying to get with men that are out of your league and then calling them loosers, and no good because they don't want to be with you.
It's awesome in favor of me to have a website, which is useful in support of my know-how. thanks admin
Please tell us if you know Jada!
Exactly what does your response mean?
Jada has asked a question that I certainly want to know, and I can only assume that millions of other hetrosexual females would also like to know/understand.
My position is that I have always enjoyed intimate relationships with men. It is not hard to find if one wants it.
Perhaps YOU can share you rexperience/ knowledge of why some women resort to same sex relationships for intimacy!
Bi curious? Because they feel like it? Just because? Oh well, what the hell? Dang, why not? Wonder what THAT would feel like? Know what, I think I'll just try something different. I could go on and on. Could be any number of reasons, non of which in my opinion warrant any deep discussion about why. Again, just my humble opinion.
Like she doesn't already know. ):**

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|Jul 29, 2003
|Filing date
|Dec 8, 1997
|Priority date
|Dec 12, 1996
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|John Fisher, Paul Robertson, Jon Burrell, David Cross
|Original Assignee
|N.V. Bekaert S.A.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (59), Referenced by (16), Classifications (12), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention concerns methods and apparatus for identifying articles to allow verification and authentication, particularly articles formed predominantly from non-magnetic material and incorporating magnetic fibres having recognisable magnetic properties. The invention is of particular application in the field of high value documents such as original Agreements, bank notes, value coupons, bonds, passports and the like. However the invention is not limited to such documents and is equally applicable to the recognition and authentication of any nonmagnetic article in which identifiable magnetic particles have been embedded.
It has been proposed in EP 96203529.1 filed Dec. 12, 1996 to incorporate magnetic particles of particular shape and magnetic properties as a security feature in articles which need to be recognised. Hitherto the proposal has been linked to the inhibition of photocopying of high value documents such as bank notes by colour copiers and the proposal has been to incorporate a suitable sensor in a colour copier which automatically detects the presence of the magnetic particles or fibres in a document placed on the copying platen. Upon detection of such a document, the sensor is arranged to generate a signal which is utilised within the copier to defeat the copying of the article either by inhibiting the copying function of the machine or degrading the copy so that the article is not reproduced accurately by the copying process.
The detection system on the colour copiers has been achieved with a multi-sensor head mounted on a scanning carriage. The gap between the sensor and the documents is defined from a combination of the glass or platen thickness, a tolerable gap between the scan head and the glass and the depth of focus of the optical system above the glass. This means that the multi-sensor has to work at a distance of a few cm. With the combination of distance and an air core for the magnetic scanning head it was originally noted that with an acceptable coil mass, size and power consumption this would result in a maximum magnetic field, which would mean that the magnetic particles would ideally need to saturate below 1000 A/m, i.e. have a magnetic saturation field Hs below 1000 A/m.
The terms "magnetic saturation field Hs" are herein defined as the applied magnetic field at the onset of saturation of the flux density in the ferro-magnetic particles, above which point the variation of the flux density in the particles with the applied field becomes substantially non-linear. In addition it was noted that saturation at the levels of practicable fields could not be achieved unless the demagnetisation factor N was smaller than {fraction (1/250)}, preferably smaller than {fraction (1/1000)} in order to allow for the typical levels of permeability which result from hard drawing materials such as Permalloy. This meant that long thin particles were needed and that round ones would not be suitable.
The demagnetisation factor N is defined in the following well known formula:
where M is the magnetisation of the material, Happ is the applied magnetic field, Hin is the magnetic field inside the material and N is the demagnetisation factor.
Summarizing other magnetic propties, the magnetic particles had:
i) a magnetic saturation field Hs being greater than 100 A/m, preferably greater than 200 A/m and most preferably greater than 300 A/m; this lower value is chosen not to trigger off EAS (electronic article surveillance) alarms
ii) a magnetic saturation flux density Bs being greater than 0.1 Tesla;
iii) a magnetic dynamic permeability μd ranging from 10 to 10000. The term magnetic dynamic permeablity μd is defined here as the ratio of the flux density, to the magnetic field times the permeability of free space, at the onset of saturation.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,749,946 discloses a method for checking the authenticity of a security article by detecting the magnetic resonance of an authenticating substance at a resonance frequency.
The sensor proposed for this application is a magnetic field emitting and detection device adapted for "point of transaction" verification, e.g. where security articles are exchanged for the purpose of goods, services or money. "Point of transaction" locations may be shop tills, Banks and Building Society counters, Ticket issuing offices at railway stations, Bureau de Change, and the like.
An object of the present invention is to provide a compact apparatus which includes a sensing head adapted to be brought into close proximity or actual contact with an article which is to be recognised so that an electrical signal can be generated in response thereto for authenticating the article which is to be presented to the sensing head.
It is also an object of the invention to provide hand held, finger, or thumb mounted devices, for use at point of transaction locations typically in combination with a housing containing a power supply, signal processing and alarm means, for the same purpose.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method of applying a sensor to articles which may or may not contain magnetic fibres or particles to allow an electrical signal to be generated to indicate whether or not the particles are present in the article concerned.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for checking the authenticity of a security article containing at least one magnetic element such as magnetic particles having a magnetic saturation field Hs being greater than 100 A/m. The method comprises the following steps:
(a) generating an alternating field of one or more fundamental frequencies with an amplitude being greater than the saturation field of the magnetic element;
(b) subjecting an article to be detected to the field;
(c) detecting a detection signal emanating from the article to be detected;
(d) examining the detection signal for the presence of any particular harmonics of the fundamental frequencies or of any linear combination of the fundamental frequencies and of the harmonics, the particular harmonics or the linear combination being indicative of the presence of the magnetic element as magnetic particles.
Or, viewed from still another angle, there is provided a method of making a verifiable article which is to be detected by subjecting it to an alternating magnetic field to determine whether there is at least one specific harmonic response generated by interaction between the article and the field due to the non linear response of the flux density with the applied field from particles of magnetic material associated with the article. The method is characterised by selecting the magnetic material properties and the shape of the particles so that they have a magnetic saturation field greater than 100 A/m (preferably greater than 300 A/m) so as to prevent triggering off electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems which also include magnetic fields, and incorporating said particles into the said article.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system by which security articles can be verified, wherein authentic articles have incorporated therein particles of a selected magnetic material and selected shape, the particles being saturable by an alternating magnetic field thereby to generate at least one harmonic of the fundamental frequency of the alternating field, and wherein a sensor is provided, a first part of which generates a local alternating magnetic field to which articles as aforesaid are to be subjected for verification, and a second part of which generates by induction electric signals indicative of the response of the material making up the article to the said alternating field. Signal analysing means is provided, adapted to determine if a particular frequency, or a spectrum of frequencies, is present in the generated signals. The system is characterised in that the selection of the magnetic material and the selection of the shape of the particles is restricted to particles which require magnetic fields in excess of 100 A/m (preferably in excess of 300 A/m) before they become saturated, to prevent authentic articles as aforesaid from triggering electronic article surveillance alarms, and the first part of the sensor generates a local field of sufficient strength to saturate any such particles if in "close proximity" to, or in contact with, the sensor.
According to still another aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for carrying out a method according to the invention or for use in a system according to the invention.
More particularly, the invention provides a method of checking the authenticity of an article in which a sensor is moved into "close proximity" or contact with the article. A confirmation of authentication signal which may be audible or visible or vibratory or any combination hereof is generated if magnetic particles or fibres having the requisite property are detected as being present in the article.
Within the context of the present invention the terms "close proximity" mean at a distance smaller than 10.0 mm, typically smaller than 2.0 mm, e.g. at a distance smaller than 1.0 mm.
A consequence of this very small distance is that it can be possible to have a design which could even saturate spherical particles, i.e. particles having a demagnetisation factor N smaller than ⅓, e.g. smaller than {fraction (1/20)}.
However, a very important issue for an anti-counterfeit solution is to make the security feature itself as difficult as possible to copy. With the approach proposed in EP 96203529.1, the security feature is an elongated magnetic particle such as a hard drawn metal fibre of a particular composition and of a diameter preferably less than 30 micron. This security feature is much more difficult to imitate than spherical magnetic powders. Moreover, the particular characteristics of the metal fibres enable them to be virtually hidden in a substrate such as paper or plastic, not break out of the substrate with normal flexing usage and life, and which can be made to produce a very characteristic signal. The latter objective is enabled by using material with a particular coercivity, permeability and shape which provides a magnetic saturation field substantially greater than that found in EAS gates and which is substantially less than found with other common objects (including for example magnetic powders.
Therefore, in a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the demagnetisation factor N is—still—smaller than {fraction (1/250)} and it has been found convenient to limit the magnetic saturation field to approximately 1000 A/m to 2000 A/m at a distance of 1.0 mm above the poles of the sensor head.
The invention also lies in a method of checking the authenticity of an article such as a security document in which the article is moved into close proximity or contact with a sensor or in which the sensor is moved into close proximity or contact with the article.
The invention also lies in a method in which relative movement is introduced between the article and the sensor so that if perchance a region which is devoid of the magnetic particles or fibres is in registry with the sensor, the movement will cause a region which does contain the fibres or particles to be moved into proximity with the sensor either by movement of the sensor relative to the article or by the article relative to the sensor, to allow the authentication signal to be generated.
It is of advantage if the sensor does not have to be any larger than necessary, particularly if it is to be associated or incorporated in a till or if it is to be incorporated in a hand-held device equivalent to a pen, and since the distribution of the magnetic particles or fibres throughout the article may not be uniform, the method involving relative movement, between the sensor and the article overcomes the possible problems associated with viewing only a restricted area of the article by a small sensor.
The method of the invention is of primary application in the authentication of bank notes which have been printed on sheet material containing the said magnetic fibres or particles. However the invention is not limited to bank notes and the method of the invention is equally applicable to the authentication of any article formed from non-magnetic material containing the magnetic particles or fibres having the special magnetic properties.
In each of the methods as aforesaid, the sensor comprises a transmitting device which generates an alternating magnetic field of one or more fundamental frequencies and a detection system having an enhanced response to magnetic field variation at a frequency which is a harmonic of the fundamental frequencies or of any linear combination of the fundamental frequencies of the transmitted alternating field, and which is a predominant component of a secondary magnetic field generated by the magnetic particles or fibres as a result of a non-linear magnetic response of the material forming the particles or fibres to the transmitted alternating magnetic field.
The preferred method of the invention thus comprises the steps of generating a primary alternating magnetic field at a first frequency, introducing into a region containing a concentration of magnetic flux of the first alternating field an article containing at least one magnetic element having a non-linear magnetisation response to magnetic field changes at the frequency of the alternating field, thereby to introduce a secondary field variation at at least one harmonic of the fundamental frequency, into the magnetic field, detecting the secondary magnetic field variation generated by the non-linear response of the magnetic element to the changes of field due to the primary alternating field, generating electrical signals at the harmonic frequency due to the secondary magnetic field generated by the said non-linear response, selectively processing electrical signals generated by the harmonic frequency field and characteristic of the non-linear response, as opposed to electrical signals generated by the primary alternating magnetic field, detecting for the presence of electrical signals at the said harmonic frequency and generating a signal if such signals are detected.
An authentication signal can thus be generated if the relevant harmonic is detected in the processed signal, and the absence of any such harmonic will result in no authentication signal being generated, which can be taken to indicate that there are no appropriate magnetic elements (such as fibres or particles) within the article.
According to a preferred feature of the method, inductor means is provided proximate to an article to be detected and a generally sinusoidal electric current is caused to flow in the inductor means to generate a primary sinusoidally varying magnetic field which links the article proximate thereto, input signals for the selective signal processing system are derived from the inductor means, and the signal processing system is adjusted so as not to respond to electrical signals at the fundamental frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current producing the primary magnetic field, or low harmonics thereof, but to be significantly responsive to electrical signals at frequencies equivalent to at least one selected higher harmonic of the said alternating current frequency. Magnetic particles or fibres situated in the primary magnetic field are detectable if they have a non-linear magnetic response at the fundamental frequency so as to generate a secondary varying magnetic field at the selected higher harmonic to which the signal processing system is responsive, provided the inductor means is also linked by magnetic flux of the secondary magnetic field generated by the non-linear response of the particles in the fibres.
In one method the inductor means comprises at least two separate windings and the primary magnetic field producing alternating electric current is supplied to one of the windings and at least one secondary winding intimately associated with the primary winding provides electrical signals for the signal processing system due to voltages induced by a linking of the secondary winding by the secondary magnetic flux generated by the non-linear response particles or fibres in the article under test.
In a second method, a single winding may be used to which the primary alternating current is supplied for generating the primary field and from which electrical signals are delivered to the processing system, which by virtue of its response, will not respond significantly to electrical signals at frequencies close to the primary current frequency, but will respond to higher harmonics which will only be present if fibres or particles having the particular non-linear characteristic are linked by the alternating magnetic flux generated by the primary currents.
The invention also lies in a sensor and an apparatus for performing the invention as aforesaid.
In one embodiment of such an apparatus, a platform is provided on which an article can be placed for checking, the platform incorporating at least one sensor for generating and transmitting a primary alternating magnetic field towards and into the article and for responding to the secondary alternating magnetic field returning from the article. The alternating magnetic field returning from the article has a frequency component significantly higher than the frequency of the field transmitted to the article. Signal processing circuit means is provided responsive to electrical voltages induced by the returning flux at said higher frequency and which is adapted to respond predominantly to signals at that frequency to generate an authentication signal. This will only occur if magnetic flux at that frequency is present in the sensor due to the returning magnetic field generated by the non linear response of the magnetic particles or fibres to the primary field. The invention could also make use of more than one of the harmonic frequencies generated by the magnetic particles or fibres to improve sensitivity or aid in the discrimination of forgeries which try to copy the magnetic characteristics of the particle or fibres described in this application.
Where the sensor is very small in cross-sectional area so that only a small area of the article registers therewith, means may be provided for moving the sensor relative to the platform (and therefore the stationary article thereon) to enable different regions of the article to be detected by the sensor during a single test.
Alternatively the platform may be such that an article can be moved across the surface thereof in a wiping action, such that a surface of the article is in close proximity with, if not in contact with the sensor located therein. In this way different regions of the article will be presented in succession to the sensor without the need for the sensor to be moved relative to the platform or the article thereon. This is of particular value where the article is a flexible sheet material such as a bank note.
The platform is conveniently formed from a thin non-magnetic, e.g. plastic, sheet or membrane over the pole pieces of the sensor. Alternatively the pole pieces themselves could form the platform. In a preferred embodiment the platform is part of, or all of, the surface of a small box which may contain the signal processing electronics and the indicator which is activated if the higher harmonic magnetic flux is detected due to the presence of magnetic fibres or particles in the article under test. The indicator could be a sounder, or a lamp or both. The box could contain its own power supply or be supplied from an external source.
In another embodiment of the invention, a sensor may be located in the end of an elongated pen-like member which can be held between finger and thumb in the manner of a writing instrument and can be drawn across the surface of an article to be detected as if the sensor were being used to draw a line across the said surface.
In one embodiment the invention can thus be said to provide a sensor pen which can be picked up and used to check an article as aforesaid, and such a sensor pen may include a push button switch for activating the device so that the sensing of an article is restricted to when the button is depressed, for example by the user's forefinger.
The elongate pen-like device may serve to house electric circuit means associated with the selective signal processing or vibrator system, and a sounder, or lamp, or both, which is or are activated if the higher harmonic magnetic flux is detected due to the presence of magnetic fibres or particles in the article under test. The elongate member may also incorporate an own supply such as a battery for powering the device.
Alternatively the sensor pen may be connected by a cable to a subsidiary unit which may be a separate box containing power supply and/or electronics and/or sounder and/or lamp, and may be a device such as a cash register, or computer as used by a cashier in a bank or building society.
Alternatively the sensor may comprise a document screening device in the form of a cheque reader or the like to which a document such as a passport can be presented.
Where it is permissible to make contact with the surface of the article and to allow light pressure to be exerted thereon, the sensor may be mounted in a separate housing which is resiliently movable relative to a main housing, and switch means is operable from an open to a closed condition by relative movement of the sensor housing as will occur if the sensor housing is pressed lightly into contact with an article to be detected or vice versa. In this way the user does not have to depress a switch to render the device operational. The switch may comprise mechanical contacts or may be a capacitive switch which consumes little power. Since it is important that the switch is closed for the device to function correctly, the device may be adapted to produce a first tone or illuminate a first lamp when the switch is closed, and to generate a second tone in place of the first tone (or second lamp in place of the first lamp) if signals at the selected higher harmonic or harmonics of the fundamental frequency are detected by the signal processing system. The user is thus instructed by the tone or lamps as to whether or not the device is sensing the presence of appropriate fibres or particles and whether or not it is necessary to shift the device over the surface of the article in order to try and find particles or fibres within the article under test.
Utilising such a sensor, the user can be instructed to listen for a first tone and to move the sensor over the article and listen for the second tone. Only if the second tone is produced will the article be authenticated by the user.
The method is relatively fail-safe since if the first tone is not produced, the test cannot be performed in the first place, and the change from the first tone to the second tone will only occur in the presence of appropriate particles or fibres.
Preferably the first tone is at the first relatively low pitch and the second tone is at a relatively higher pitch so that it is impossible for the user to mistakenly assume that the second tone has been produced.
According to a preferred feature of this aspect of the invention, the first tone is generated for a set period of time before the second tone can be generated even if appropriate harmonic content is detected by the signal processing system, so that the user has to listen for the first tone, before the second tone can be generated and can be heard.
According to another feature of this aspect of the invention, the second tone may be generated at a considerably greater power level than the first tone so that even in a relatively noisy environment, the second tone will be heard.
The invention is of particular application in the field of bank note checking and since these are regularly handled by a cashier wearing a thumb or finger stall, according to another aspect of the invention, a sensor as aforesaid may be incorporated in a thumb stall or finger stall which may also incorporate a miniature signal processing system and signalling device, or be connected to same, as in a wrist band to indicate when magnetic particles or fibres are present in a bank note contacted by the stall. The secondary unit housing the electronics and power supply may include audible, visual or vibratory alarms. The electronics and alarms may instead or in addition be incorporated into other equipment normally associated with the cashiers position, such as a computer or till or cash register.
Since the finger or thumb stall is of necessity brought into contact with a note in use, pressure sensitive switch means may also be incorporated in the stall as aforesaid, and an audible tone or vibration generated or a lamp illuminated in response to the detection by the sensor located in the stall of appropriate magnetic fibres or particles within the note in contact therewith.
In accordance with another feature of this aspect of the invention, the signal processing system to a thumb or finger stall may alternatively generate an inverse of the authentication signal hitherto proposed such that if the stall is in contact with a note which contains appropriate particles or fibres, no audible tone is produced by a sounder associated therewith (or with secondary apparatus to which it is linked), but in the event that the stall is pressed against a note which does contain such fibres or particles, an alarm signal is generated. In this way the operator is not subjected to continual tones which otherwise would be generated every time a genuine note is touched by the stall, but will only be alerted when the stall is brought into contact with a note which does not generate the appropriate response and may therefore be counterfeit note.
In accordance with a further modification of the invention, the pressure sensitive switch means associated with the sensor may be arranged to extinguish a red light and illuminate an orange light when the sensor is first pressed into contact with an article to be tested. The orange light is then extinguished and a green light is produced in the event that appropriate particles or fibres are located as being present in the article, as a visual confirmation of the authenticity of the article. An alarm signal is generated in the event that with continued pressure, no particles or fibres are sensed and the orange light is not extinguished after a given period of time.
According to a preferred feature of the invention, the particles are in fact elongate fibres and during manufacture of the article the fibres are arranged so as to be substantially co-planar. Additionally the fibres may be orientated in a particular manner so that they are not only all in the same plane, but all extend parallel or perpendicular to particular directions within that plane, so that two levels of authentication can be provided, a first which merely detects whether or not the fibres are present, and a second which determines the orientation of the fibres relative to the article.
Alternatively more than two levels of identification can be incorporated with the addition of magnetic particles or fibres having a saturation field greater than 100 A/m but with sets of different magnetic properties e.g. saturation field strength, coercivity or dynamic permeability.
This latter may be of advantage for authenticating specific value documents such as different denomination bank notes, by arranging that the fibres are orientated in different directions within the sheet material, from which the bank notes are produced.
Whether or not the fibres are orientated in parallel to one direction or not, where they are substantially co-planar, albeit randomly dispersed therein, the alternating magnetic field produced by the sensor is advantageously arranged so that the magnetic field generated by an alternating electric current is orientated substantially in the plane in which the magnetic fibres have their major axes, and the detector system associated with the sensor is arranged to pick up emissions from the magnetic fibres as they are driven through the non-linear region of their B-H curve by the alternating magnetic field.
Alternatives to inductive coils for detecting magnetic fields produced include Hall effect, magneto-resistive, magneto-inductive, flux-gate and magneto-impedance sensors. These have an advantage over inductive coils where the frequencies to be detected are low, as these alternatives have a frequency response extending down to 0 Hz.
In one embodiment of sensor, an inductor is provided comprising a coil wound around the central section of a ferrite core having a so-called E section.
In another preferable embodiment, a so-called pot core is employed, in which comprises a cylindrical ferrite cup incorporating a central ferrite core which has the coil wound around it. In both cases (the E-section and the pot core) where two or more windings are required, these are all located on the central section.
The advantage of the E core and pot core design is that they produce a concentration of magnetic flux in a plane just above the exposed end of the central core, so that magnetic flux bridging between the central core and the outer ferrite section will be most concentrated in a plane parallel to the open end of the pot core. Advantageously sheet material such as a bank note or other document to be detected, is located in that plane.
The ferrite material from which the core and surrounding pot are formed is preferably selected so that it limits and preferably minimises the generation of harmonics of the fundamental drive field.
According to another aspect of the invention, the signal processing system incorporates a narrow bandpass filter restricted to one or more of the higher harmonics of the drive magnetic field. Typically one of the harmonics is isolated by the use of such a narrow bandpass filter.
According to a preferred feature of the invention, a surface acoustic wave filter such as is commonly used in radios may be incorporated in the signal processing system.
The latter signal processing system advantageously may in addition to or instead of the acoustic wave filter incorporate a phase sensitive detector using a reference frequency locked to the primary drive field frequency so ast to produce maximum rejection of unwanted frequencies and maximum separation of desired harmonics.
Apparatus embodying the invention may be incorporated into a cash register or till, or computer terminal as provided to a teller or clerk in a building society or bank.
The invention thus also lies in a cash register or till or computer terminal when modified to include a document reader adapted to sense the presence within a document presented thereto of specific magnetic fibres or particles having a non-linear magnetic response to alternating magnetic flux at particular frequencies so as to generate in response thereto magnetic flux at one or more harmonics of the frequency of the energising magnetic field.
An embodiment of the invention also lies in the provision of a datalink to a central computer by which information identifying the document such as denomination and serial number can be stored against time and date, and till, or address, at which the forged document has been submitted, and which may also include details of the person tendering the forged note. This information may be entered by the bank clerk or cashier, or may be an electronic photographic representation of the person taken by a hidden camera such a miniature CCD TV camera located adjacent the till or cash point so that an electronic image of the person tendering the forged note can be obtained and transmitted to the central computer and stored in association with the other data relating to the transaction.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional cash register;
FIG. 2 illustrates a point of sale bank note checking device linked to a conventional cash register with the sensor showing in side elevation;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the top side of the sensor of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a side elevation of an alternative bank note authenticating device which may be entirely portable or used at a point of sale device such as a till or cash register;
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the device shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 illustrates how a universal coupling between a probe and the main body of the device of FIG. 4 allows the device to be held at a more conventional angle by the user;
FIG. 7 is a similar view to that shown in FIG. 6 with the device rotated through 90� with the internal parts of the device shown as hidden detail;
FIG. 8 illustrates another device similar to that shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the device shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is similar to FIG. 7 and illustrates the internal construction of the device shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 shows how a probe can be connected to the lower end of the main housing of the device such as shown in FIG. 4 by means of a spring;
FIG. 12 shows the round flat underside of the probe of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 illustrates how the spring can accommodate an acute angle between the axis of the probe and the axis of the main body whilst allowing the probe to remain in contact with a bank note which is being checked;
FIG. 14 shows the round flat underside of the probe of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 illustrates an alternative arrangement incorporating a spring to accommodate angular movement of the main body relative to the probe;
FIG. 16 shows the generally rectangular shape of the probe;
FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 illustrate the device shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 rotated through a right angle;
FIG. 19 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which the sensor is incorporated into a thumb stall;
FIG. 20 illustrates the magnetic flux pattern associated with an E core;
FIG. 21 shows the curve of the magnetic flux density B in a horizontal direction 0.5 mm from the surface of an E core device
FIG. 22 is a side view of an E core device which may be used as the sensor;
FIG. 23 is a cross-section according to plane XXXI—XXXI of FIG. 24 through a pot core device which has been found to be more advantageous than an E core;
FIG. 24 is an end view of the pot core device shown in FIG. 23; and
FIG. 25 is a block schematic diagram of the electronics associated with a sensor for use as a point of transaction bank note authentication device;
FIG. 26 shows an inner view of a basic apparatus for bank note authentication and
FIG. 27 shows an upper view of this basic apparatus.
In FIG. 1 cash till 110 such as used at payment locations in shops is fitted with a bank note authenticating device at 112 of the shelf 114 above the till drawer 116. The authentication process involves the cashier taking each bank note in turn and pressing it on an authenticating button of authentication device 112 and if accepted, laying or clipping the authenticating note on the shelf 114. The drawer 116 opens in the normal way and change can be extracted and given to the customer and the authenticated notes placed in the drawer, which can be closed ready for the next transaction.
The authenticating device is shown to an enlarged scale on FIG. 2 and it is to be understood that this could be separate from the till or as shown in FIG. 1, located at 112 on the shelf 114.
The authenticating device 112 comprises a main body 118 which may for example house one or more batteries such as 120 and a printed circuit board such as 122, and a lid 124 resiliently mounted on the base 118 by spring means (not shown) so as to be capable of up and down movement relative to the base 118 as denoted by arrow 126. Within the lid 124 is mounted an electromagnetic probe 128 which generates electrical signals for processing by the printed circuit in the event that a bank note containing appropriate magnetic material is pressed against the upper part of the lid generally designated 130.
Although not shown, a switch is provided within the two part assembly which is normally in the OFF mode, but when the lid 124 is pressed in a downward sense relative to the base 118, is switched into the ON-mode.
As shown in FIG. 3, light emitting diodes at 132 and 134 indicate the status of the sensor. Thus LED 132 is adapted to be illuminated upon pressing the lid 124 in a downward direction and LED 134 is illuminated if the item in contact with the flat platform 130 contains appropriate magnetic material.
A bleeper or buzzer or siren may be incorporated in the base unit 118 which is adapted to sound in the event that the lid 124 has been depressed and LED 132 has been illuminated, for more than for example 2 seconds or less, and no appropriate magnetic material has been sensed. This time lag would allow the operator to slide a bank note over the surface of the flat top 130 in case the first region registering with the probe 128 contains insufficient magnetic material to generate the authenticating signal.
A bank note which does not contain the appropriate magnetic material will not cause LED 134 to illuminate the continued pressure of the note on the lid 124 will then result in the sounder operating thereby alerting both the cashier and the customer to the fact that the note may be a forgery.
Although not shown, a television camera may be built into the cash register directed towards where customers stand, and a recycling video recorder may be connected to the video camera so that there will be a video record of the person who has tendered a forged note, should it become necessary for evidence purposes.
FIGS. 4 to 18 illustrate a rather different concept. Here the sensor is in the form of an elongate pen-like device which can be held between thumb and fingers by the operator and various different configurations of such device are shown.
In the arrangement shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the pen body 136 is generally rectangular in plan view (as shown in FIG. 5) and includes a clip 138 which allows the device to be secured in a pocket or on a belt. The housing 136 is generally hollow and closed at its upper end by a cap 140 having a power supply socket 142 and at its other end has fitted thereto a magnetic sensor 144 containing an electromagnetic probe 146 to be described. The sensor housing 144 may be rigidly attached to the rest of the pen body 136 or more preferably attached by means of a flexible coupling generally designated 148.
Within the pen body 36 is located a printed circuit board 150 containing the electronics associated with the probe 146 and one or more batteries such as 152 which may be rechargeable cells together with a siren or buzzer or vibrator 154. A LED 156 is also shown in the pen body 136 which indicates the status of the device.
FIG. 6 shows how the flexible coupling 148 allows the main body 136 to be tilted relative to the sensor housing 144 whilst the latter remains in face to face contact with a document such as a bank note 158 laid flat on a smooth support surface.
A flexible coupling allows the housing 144 to tilt relative to the pen body 136, however the latter is held, as indicated by FIG. 9, where the pen body 136 is shown with its wider width dimension co-planar with the plane in which the housing has been angled. The various items shown in FIG. 4 are identified by similar reference numerals where they appear in FIG. 7, which illustrates how a second battery 153 can be accommodated and also illustrates a power jack 160 connected into the socket 142 for connection via a flexible cord 162 to a separate DC source, to allow the batteries to be charged and/or the unit to be used without a drain on the batteries.
FIG. 7 also illustrates how an ON/OFF switch designated 164 can be incorporated in the lower region of the pen body 136 with an actuator arm (not shown) adapted to be engaged by the probe or sensor housing 144 when the pen body 136 is pressed in a generally downward sense relative to the sensor housing 144.
Preferably the ON/OFF switch is operation into the ON mode by such relative movement whether the pen body 136 is angled relative to the surface of the document 158 or not.
FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 illustrate a further arrangement in which the pen housing is generally cylindrical in cross-section as denoted by reference numeral 166 and again includes a clip 168 for securing the pen-like device in a pocket or on a belt. A status and pass or fail LED is denoted at 170 and the electromagnetic probe 172 is mounted at the lower end of a bellows extension 174, the upper end of which is secured to the lower open end of the housing 166. The upper end of the housing 166 is closed by a cap 176 which contains a power supply socket 178 similar to item 142 in FIG. 4.
The bellows extension 174 is normally stretched to its maximum extent by a helical spring 180 situated within the bellows.
Contact rings 182 and 184 provide a simple arrangement for turning the device ON and OFF. As shown, the rings are separated and the device is OFF. By pushing the lower end of the device 186 into contact with a flat surface such as 188 as shown in FIG. 10, and then tilting the housing 166 as shown in FIG. 10, the two rings 182 and 184 come into contact and energise the device.
The inside of the housing 166 is similar to that of FIG. 4 and same reference numerals are used to denote the similar components.
Different arrangements for a flexible coupling between a probe housing 190 and a main body 192 are shown in FIGS. 11 et seq.
In FIG. 11 a helical spring 194 connects the probe or sensor housing 190 to the lower end of the main housing 192 and if the latter is angled in the plane of the paper as denoted by arrow 195, the spring 194 permits the two parts 190 and 192 to become angled quite significantly whilst the underside of the probe housing 190 remains in flush contact with a flat surface such as 196.
The underside of the probe housing 190 is shown at 200 in FIG. 12.
An alternative but similar arrangement is shown in FIG. 13 in which the main housing 198 now extends in a downward sense to engage the generally pyramidal surface of the probe housing 190 and the spring 194 serves the same purpose as in FIG. 11 but because the lower end of the housing 198 is in contact with the probe housing 190, the arrangement is less susceptible to damage than would be the case of the arrangement shown in FIG. 11.
The underside of the probe housing 198 is shown at 200 in FIG. 14.
The arrangements shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 are of generally circular cross-section so that the angling of the main housing relative to the probe housing can be effected in any direction.
A coiled spring flexible coupling however is not restricted to such an arrangement and a spring coupling 202 is shown in FIGS. 15 to 18 joining a generally rectangular section main housing 204 to a similar generally rectangular probe housing 206 the cross-section of which is best seen in FIG. 18. The arrangement is such that the main housing 204 can be angled so as to adopt the position shown at 208 in FIG. 15, and 210 in FIG. 17 whether it is being angled with its major dimension parallel to the axis of pivoting or perpendicular thereto as in FIG. 17.
FIG. 19 illustrates a further development of the invention in which an electromagnetic probe shown in dotted outline at 212 is incorporated into a thumb stall 214 adapted to be worn by a cashier. The stall includes a flexible link 215 connecting it to a wrist band 216 similar to a wrist watch and in place of the watch a housing is carried by the wrist band at 218 within which is located the electronics, a battery and a vibratory device.
The latter may produce a sound or may simply be arranged to vibrate against the wrist of the user.
In a first mode the electronic circuit may be adapted to cause the vibration if a note in contact with the thumb stall is genuine (i.e. contains appropriate magnetic material). In a second alternative mode it only vibrates if the note is a counterfeit.
In either event, if only to conserve power, an ON/OFF membrane switch 220 is incorporated into the thumb stall so that the probe 212 is only rendered sensitive when the finger stall is pressed against a bank note or other device to be authenticated.
The wrist section preferably includes a membrane switch to allow the user to turn off the vibration once this has occurred, where the device is operating in the second mode, i.e. where the thumb stall membrane switch has been closed by pressure against a surface but no magnetic material has been sensed by the probe 212.
By arranging that the device merely vibrates but makes no sound, the cashier is alerted to the fact that the note may be a forgery without necessarily alerting the customer to the fact that this has been noted by the cashier.
The device may be used by an operator at a point of sale for checking money, for document handling as in the case of passports and the like, for packaging inspection where particular security packaging material is to used to validate packages, or in the case of ticket inspection, where appropriate magnetic materials has been incorporated into the tickets, and allows an inspector to verify that document is genuine in a covert manner.
Although shown as thumb stall, the device shown in FIG. 19 may be readily adapted alternatively as a finger stall to facilitate a bank clerk or teller who is counting and checking bundles of notes. In this event the response time of a vibrator on the wrist may not be appropriate and an alternative short response time alerting system would be required based on the operation of the ON/OFF membrane in the thumb or finger stall and the absence of a confirmatory signal from the probe, which will only exist if the material in contact with the thumb stall or finger stall contains the appropriate magnetic material. In this event an alarm can be sounded almost instantaneously so that a teller who is rapidly counting or checking a bundle of notes will be alerted instantaneously if one of the notes which is being fingered fails to produce the appropriate magnetic and electrical response.
The probe 212 needs to be connected to the wrist band and to this end a cable 222 is shown in dotted outline. By providing this on the inside of the hand, so it will be less evident that the thumb or finger stall is anything other than a conventional one.
The invention relies on a very sensitive electro-magnetic probe for its success. A large air-cored coil is not preferred and it has been found most appropriate to use a ferrite-cored coil. One type of former for such coil is an E core, that is a ferrite core in the configuration of a capital E with windings around the central stem of the E. The flux pattern associated with such a core is illustrated in FIG. 20 as reference number 224 and a security document to be detected is referred to as 226. The magnetic flux density B in function of position x for an E core device 0.5 mm from the end of the core is shown in FIG. 21.
An E core is shown at 228 in FIG. 22 and the drive coil is shown at 230 and the sensing or detection coil is shown at 232. Two such coils are used where it is desired to cancel out the main fundamental component of the magnetic field originating from the drive coil. Where the subsequent electrical signal processing has a sufficiently narrow bandwidth, and low frequency rejection, this may not be necessary and it is also deemed possible that a single coil may be used in practice instead of two coils.
A pot core device which distributes the field in an annular ring int he sensing plane is shown in FIGS. 23 and 24. A pot core is formed effectively by rotating an E core about its central axis of symmetry. The resulting configuration comprises a central cylindrical stem 234 surrounded by a cylindrical sleeve 236 joined at the base by a cylindrical plate 238. In practice, the arrangement may be formed integrally, or from separate components as desired.
A cross-section through the pot core of FIG. 24 is shown in FIG. 23 and two separate windings of the drive coil 240 and detection 242 are shown.
FIG. 25 is block schematic diagram of the electronic circuitry associated with two coils such as 240 and 242.
The drive current for coil 240 is derived from a sinusoidal oscillator 244 which may include a power output stage, and the detection coil signals are supplied via buffer amplifier and high pass filter 246 to a narrow bandpass filter 248. The latter may be a SAW filter. The filtered output from 248 is amplified by a high gain amplifier 250 and, as the electrical coupling between the previous stages of the electronics is preferably AC coupled, the output is rectified and low pass filtered or integrated by means of 252 and 254 to provide an average DC signal which is compared with a DC threshold in detector 256 to determine over a period of time equal to a few cycles of the harmonic whether or not appropriate signals have been passed by the bandpass filter 248 to indicate that the detection coil 242 is responding to a magnetic field oscillating at the appropriate harmonic of the sinusoidal oscillator 244. If so, the threshold detector 256 cause a bleeper or signal lamp 258 to operate to indicate that the item is in contact with the detection coil contains appropriate magnetic material.
In an alternative version of the circuit the rectifier 252 is replaced by a phase sensitive detector which is phase locked to the oscillator 244.
FIG. 26 and FIG. 27 show a very compact and simple version of an apparatus for use in the invention. The apparatus is suitable for use for bank note authentication. The apparatus may be used as a stand alone unit at any location or it could conveniently be located adjacent to a till in a shop or adjacent to a computer terminal in a bank or building society. The unit comprises a box 260 with a thin walled plastic portion at 262 (not shown as thin on the diagram) over a sensor 264 with magnetic poles at 265 behind a locating spot 266, which could be printed on the surface of the box 260. The box 260 contains a printed circuit board 268 with signal processing electronics 270, a visible light indicator 272, and an audible bleeper 274. The unit may be self contained for its power supply via a power cord 276. The authentication process involves the user placing a note on, or wiping a note across the locating spot 266. A genuine note containing the special magnetic particles will give a signal which causes the bleeper to sound and the light indicator to illuminate.
The magnetic material and incorporation of such material in sheet material such as security document paper is preferably as described in European Patent Application No. 96203529.1 filed on Dec. 12, 1996.
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|Capacitive method and apparatus for accessing information encoded by a differentially conductive pattern
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|N.V. Bekaert S.A.
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|Emil Waninger
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|Esselte Meto Eas International Ab
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|Dec 14, 1988
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|Dec 14, 1988
|DE LA RUE INTER INNOVATION Aktiebolag
|A document detecting arrangement
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|Feb 20, 1991
|De La Rue Systems Limited
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|Nov 23, 1994
|Nhk Spring Co., Ltd.
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|Jan 4, 1995
|Nhk Spring Co., Ltd.
|Method and apparatus for checking whether or not objects are authentic
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|Jun 7, 1995
|Nhk Spring Co., Ltd.
|Object to be checked for authenticity and a method for manufacturing the same
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Feb 23, 1995
|Sep 8, 1995
|N.V. Bekaert S.A.
|Reproduction apparatus with microwave detection
|Oct 24, 1995
|May 17, 1996
|Arjo Wiggins S.A.
|Paper containing variable controlled concentrations of security elements, and method for making same
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|Sep 19, 1996
|Arjo Wiggins S.A.
|Security paper with conductive fibres detectable by microwave radiation and method for making same
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|N.V. Bekaert S.A.
|Article recognition and verification
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|Jun 18, 1998
|N.V. Bekaert S.A.
|Magnetic detector for security document
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 6, 2005
|Mar 6, 2007
|Checkpoint Systems, Inc.
|Radio frequency detection and identification system
|Sep 24, 2007
|May 31, 2011
|The Board of Regents of the Nevada System of Higher Education on behalf of the University of Reno, Nevada
|Devices and methods for storing data
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|Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
|Detection device and processing system
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|May 16, 2017
|Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc.
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|Sep 29, 2004
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|Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.
|IC tag for use in non-authentic article discrimination system
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|Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.
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|Checkpoint Systems, Inc.
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|Oct 18, 2007
|Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
|Recording paper
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|Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education On Behalf Of The University Of Nevada,
|Devices and methods for storing data
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|Apr 10, 2008
|Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education On Behalf Of The University Nevada
|Devices and methods for storing data
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|Klaus Thierauf
|Method and Device for Measuring the Magnetic Properties of Documents
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|U.S. Classification
|235/449, 235/450
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 30, 1999
Owner name: N.V. BEKAERT S.A., BELGIUM
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|Mar 7, 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jul 29, 2011
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Sep 20, 2011
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20110729


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Interviewing I DVD is what you need to best prepare for any type of interview, including telephone interviews, preliminary interviews, panel interviews, sequential interviews, meal-time interviews, and presentation/skill-based interviews. You'll receive tips on what to research and how to practice to make sure you put your best foot forward for your particular situation. You'll learn how to guide the interviewer to present yourself in the best possible light, and you'll learn the strategies and details that can make all the difference. If you go into any type of interview without first seeing this DVD, chances are you're selling yourself short.
Interviewing II teaches you the subtleties of interviewing that can make all the difference between an OK interview and a great interview. You'll learn how to make people like listening to you, how to influence the mood, how to get your points across convincingly, how to make others personally connect with you, and more. You'll never get a second chance in an interview, so make sure you put your best foot forward from the very first moment.


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This week's featured question came from David in Florida, a potential political candidate who has some doubts about his chances of winning an election because of his long last name.
"Hey great site, I am personally very involved with community stuff in my city and have also considered running for office but have a question. My last name is pretty long and is hard to pronounce for some people (I won't mention what it is but it is on the long side, definitely not a Smith or Jones!)"
So what do you think, does a candidate have a hard time winning a political campaign if his/her name is too long? Or does it matter? Thanks in advance.
David, it's not just a great question, but also one that I'm pretty well suited to answer. As an elected official with a long last name that is also difficult to pronounce (Van Treuren), I had the same questions and doubts that you had before I ran my first political campaign for elected office.
I'll give you the quick, easy answer first: no, a lengthy or difficult-to-pronounce name does not make you less likely to win a political campaign.
For some strange reason, there is a widely held misconception in our country that you have to have a short, traditional-sounding name to be a viable candidate for political office. In reality, the number of letters in your last name has little to do how well you will do at the polls on election day.
While a short last name might fit better on yard signs and bumper stickers, they have few other advantages. If you work hard and run a smart, aggressive campaign, then people will remember your name when they see it on the ballot . . . regardless of how hard it is to pronounce.
Want to know a secret? I'm fairly certain that the majority of people who cast a vote for me in my last election didn't know how to pronounce my last name. I rarely met anyone on the campaign trail who said it the right way, but I didn't correct them unless they asked how to pronounce it.
And in spite of the fact that I had the longest and strangest last name out of all of four candidates in an at-large race, I was still the top vote-getter in the city.
My name had nothing to do with whether people voted for me or not. Instead, it was the many hours of knocking on doors, making phone calls and other hard work that made them remember who I was. When people see your name numerous times over the course of a campaign, and have many opportunities to associate it with a candidate who works hard, then they remember it.
In fact, if your long last name stands out and is more easily recognizable than the short monikers of your opponents, then it can even end up helping you at the polls. Remember: a common last name may be easily pronounced, but it is also easily forgotten.
How common your last name is has very little to do with your electability. Political candidate names don't get much more unusual than Barack Obama, and he was elected president.
Throughout the country and on every level, there are public servants who have been elected to office in spite of long, hard-to-pronounce last names. Don't let your name stop you from helping your community by running a race for office!


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Round Norfolk Relay - 19th/20th September
Serpentine has entered a team for the Round Norfolk Relay. For more information about how to take part, read on...Serpentine has entered a team for the Round Norfolk Relay which takes place over the weekend of the 19th and 20th of September. The course follows the county boundary over a distance of 193 miles, divided into 17 unequal stages. Uniquely, once started teams must carry a relay baton passing it from runner to runner continuing through the night until the finish at Kings Lynn is reached, with each runner being supported by a cyclist from their club.
I can't stress enough that this is not just an event for elite runners. If you want to take part there are stages for all abilities ranging in distance from 5 to 20 miles, with both on and off road sections. As it is a 24 hour relay there are of course stages though-out the night!
If you would like to be part of the Serpentine Team for the Round Norfolk Relay then please let me know with answers to the following:
Longest distance you are prepared to run:
Whether you mind running a night stage:
Recent 10km time:
Recent half marathon time:
Are you willing to support a leg by bike:
Would you be willing to do some driving:
Can you travel to Norfolk on Friday 18th September:
Looking at Serpie Base I see the following have expressed an interest:
Alex Elferink
Mark Bell
Graham Simister
John Allton-Jones
Mark Braley
Mike Garvin
Alan G. Hall
Melanie Pryke
Lula Rosso
Could you please confirm that you wish to be part of the team, responding with the information requested above. If you are no longer interested or no longer able to take part then could you also let me know so that I can take you off the list.
Many thanks and kind regards,
Alex Elferink firstname.lastname@example.com
Mark Bell firstname.lastname@example.com
Graham Simister firstname.lastname@example.com
Round Norfolk Relay Organizers 2009
Submitted: 22 June 2009


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2009 Announcements
Harvard Immunologist Klaus Rajewsky Receives Max Delbrück Medal
Press Release - Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
The German immunologist Professor Klaus Rajewsky from Harvard Medical School in Boston, USA, has received the Max Delbrück Medal in Berlin, Germany. The jury from various Berlin-based… Read Full Article »
Judy Lieberman recognized with the 2009 Heath Memorial Award
Senior Investigator Judy Lieberman is the winner of the 2009 Heath Memorial Award from the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The award was announced at the center's Clinical Symposium on Cancer Research, "Non-Coding RNAs… Read Full Article »
Thompson Island Provided a Home for the 2009 PCMM/IDI Scientific Retreat
Members of PCMM/IDI took to Boston Harbor on Monday Sept. 21st, heading to the Thompson Island Conference Center for our annual scientific retreat. Sixteen Principal Investigators, seven Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) members, twenty-six scientists from biopharma/biotech, and 138… Read Full Article »
PCMM/IDI Investigator Judy Lieberman and postdoc Fabio Petrocca receive DOD awards for breast cancer research
PCMM/IDI Principal Investigator Judy Lieberman, M.D., Ph.D., and postdoctoral fellow Fabio Petrocca, M.D., have each been awarded FY2008 Research Grants as a part of the Department of Defense's Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP). As a part… Read Full Article »
Cancer Research Institute Announces Winner of 2009 Frederick Alt Award for New Discoveries in Immunology
The Cancer Research Institute, Inc. (CRI), a nonprofit organization dedicated exclusively to the support and coordination of scientific and clinical efforts that will lead to the immunological treatment, control, and prevention of cancer, has announced that Anjana Rao,… Read Full Article »
Where Medical Science Meets The Arts
For many scientists and clinicians, an appreciation for art, music or dance is more than just a hobby - it's a passion that sustains and feeds them, helping them push the bounds of their research. Recently, PCMM/IDI Senior… Read Full Article »
2009 Coley Award Winners Alt and Rajewsky Announced at Cancer Research Institute 23rd Annual Awards Dinner in June
The Cancer Research Institute, Inc. (CRI), a nonprofit organization dedicated exclusively to the support and coordination of scientific and clinical efforts that will lead to the immunological treatment, control, and prevention of cancer, announced the winners of the… Read Full Article »
Advocacy Through Images: Tragedy of Tuberculosis Captured by Premier Photojournalist
"Struggle for Life" features images of patients under the care of GHC/CHC, along with text by Dr. Anne Goldfeld, IDI Senior Investigator and Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. Publicizing the impact of tuberculosis on people… Read Full Article »
IDI and the Microsphere Technology Development Group of Baxter Healthcare Corp. Receive Coop. Research Grant from MLSC for Research on Treating or Preventing Herpes and Human Papillomavirus Infection
Judy Lieberman, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School and senior investigator at the Immune Disease Institute (IDI), in partnership with Baxter Healthcare Corporation's Microsphere Technology Development Group located in Norwood, Massachusetts, have received a Cooperative… Read Full Article »
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences Elects Anjana Rao
The American Academy of Arts & Sciences announced on April 20th the election of leaders in the sciences, the humanities and the arts, business, public affairs, and the nonprofit sector. The 212 new Fellows and 19… Read Full Article »
Immune Disease Institute and Children's Hospital Boston Enter Affiliation Agreement
The Immune Disease Institute and Children's Hospital Boston have entered into an affiliation agreement, which was completed in February 2009. IDI has become Children's sixth multidisciplinary research program and is now known as the Program in Cellular and… Read Full Article »
IDI and GlaxoSmithKline Joint Steering Committee Announces Grant and Fellowship Awards
The first wave of research collaborations are rolling out under the IDI-GSK Research Alliance. After a meeting of the joint steering committee in December, five research grants and nine fellowships were awarded, cementing the scientific relationship between the… Read Full Article »
Rosen Chair Primes Immunology Research
Leaders of HMS and Children's Hospital Boston, Jeffrey Flier and James Mandell, respectively, introduced the Nov. 17 celebration of the Fred S. Rosen Professorship in Pediatrics at HMS, the Immune Disease Institute, and Children's. Both commented on the… Read Full Article »


text: KAMISORI Revolver Professional Haircutting Shears USD $350.00 View Details Quantity Size required 5.5" 6.5" Lefty or Righty? required Lefty Righty Buy Add this product to your wishlist product.share_this_product KAMISORI Revolver Professional Haircutting Shears KAMISORI Revolver Professional Haircutting Shears KAMISORI Revolver Professional Haircutting Shears Write a Review Rating Choose a rating... 1 Star 2 Stars 3 Stars 4 Stars 5 Stars Name required Email Address required Subject required Comments required Description Details This best seller gives the stylist the freedom to position the thumb at virtually any angle because of its twin revolving rings. Buy this for more comfort, leverage and style. A great tool for those looking for prevent or find comfort from wrist pain. Texturizer and matching set available. Specifications: Star Rating: 5 (High) Type of handle: Double swivel Steel: ATS-314 genuine Japanese Cobalt steel Rockwell Hardness: 60 Speciality: Multi Type of edge: Kamisori Japanese 3D Convex Ring size: Medium/Large (can be made smaller by ring inserts) Type of finger rest: Fixed Tension type: Super durable ball-bearing system Life span: 15-20 years List of awards: American Salon Pro's Choice (multi-year), Beauty Launchpad Readers Choice (multi-year), Hairdresser Journal Stylists Choice, Canadian Salon Hairdresser Favorite tools , Coiffure de Paris This model comes with: Exclusive Kamisori lifetime warranty One-year drop warranty 30-day satisfaction guarantee Luxury Kamisori case *Easy interest-free payment plan available! Click on 'Easy Financing' from menu for details. Current Stock: SKU: K-7 Shipping: Calculated at Checkout


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Paia is sometimes called "Maui's Hippie Haven", and if you make this charming town one of your stops as you set off for Hana, you will see why. Paia is known for its relaxed vibe, and it is also famous for a more practical reason – it's the last place to get gas until you arrive in Hana! Paia is officially the first stop on the Road to Hana and it is a great place to start your day. We especially love Sand & Sea for Maui made gifts at great prices. It's located right next to the Chevron station, and has cool tikis and even Hawaiian Christmas ornaments. Oh, and while you're at it you might as well grab a box lunch from Hana Picnic Lunch Company. With all the hiking and swimming you're about to do, trust us – it won't go to waste! All in all, Paia is the perfect first stop for your Hana Highway adventure. It's a practical and fun way to start the trip.
We hope you enjoyed this Road to Hana tip, brought to you by the folks at Hana Picnic Lunch Company. If you did, please click the "like" button so we can bring you more of the same kinds of information.


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Here we provide Moto Racer Rush V 2.0 for Android 2.3.2++ One of the most addictive and entertaining physics based Traffic Racer game ever made! And it's free!
This is a milestone in the genre of endless arcade racing.This is the most super-charged racing game you've ever played.
You never dare drive so fast in the real world! Control your Motor Bike with incredible fast speed during Traffic Rush time!
– Realistic physics machines
– A Gravity Defying Experience
– The endless driving through Highway and City
– Super Bikes and Stunning Graphics
– Driving in fast wind, rain and night would be a challenge
– Different weather conditions (rain,fog)
This game is suitable for all kind of genres from kids, girls and boys of all ages.
Install and Play our new game in "Racing" game category – its for free on Android now!
This game is COMPATIBLE with all mobile devices of android phones & tablets like nexus, samsung, lg, nokia, motorola, panasonic, HTC, Sony etc above 2.2 and up.
If you have any problem in installation, please report to us instead of giving negative comments. We will try to fix it as soon as possible.
To get new updates of CreativeMob Games, Please subscribe us on Facebook!
if there is any problem please let us know. Write your problem in comment box below.
Editors Notes:
This is a good game but not too addictive, well worth trying.


text: This is a great article. I always have to find ways to make my heels more comfortable because I have weak ankles. Also due to my back injury (herniated disc) it makes it really hard to walk long periods in heels. I am going to try out these tips for sure. Plus the images make me want to go out and buy all these shoes! Thanks for the great tips!