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One killed, two hurt in DeWitt accident
DEWITT — One Clinton man was killed and two others injured in a single-vehicle crash west of DeWitt Tuesday evening.
DeWitt County Sheriff's Chief Deputy Mike Walker said the accident happened about 6 p.m. when the driver was unable to negotiate an S-curve on the DeWitt Road and lost control of his car.
"He ran off the right shoulder and over-corrected, went into the left ditch, and rolled over several times," said Walker.
Two passengers in the car were thrown out. Walker said they were apparently headed east to go fishing. The accident occurred east of the nuclear power plant near the DeWitt Cemetery.
DeWitt County Coroner Randy Rice identified the driver as Erick Briseno, 20. Rice said Mr. Briseno was pronounced dead at the scene. He remained in the car.
His passengers were Mick Low-Prudhomme, 21, who was airlifted to Carle Foundation Hospital in Urbana, and David Gomez, 21, who was transported to a hospital by ambulance. A Carle spokesman said there was no information available on either man.
Walker said there was another person driving in front of the men who looked in his rear view mirror in time to see the Honda Civic flip at least twice.
Rice said an autopsy was to be done on Mr. Briseno Wednesday.
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text: What a week this has been! difficult child's baseball team won Dwarf League championship today! difficult child caught one ball while on the pitching mound. He hit one ball and made it to 1st base though not sure why, there were so many kids from the other team right were the ball went - maybe confusion over who gets it? The game was close at 8 to 5 with the other team up last. Too close for comfort, however, our main pitcher kept the other team at bay. Then to VBS - I worked until 12:30, stopped at church to give difficult child motrine (was getting a headache - husband then took him to pregame practice) - went to Wal Mart to purchase makings for S'mores for VBS - back to church to unload S'mores and kool aide so it didn't sit in van - then to the championship game by 1:30. 1:45 game. VBS started at 5:30 - I was late getting there - what a strange night - The DVD with actions still has not shown up so music time without the DVD to lead and I did not know any but one song. One crew only had one girl show up so we put her into the PK group (she was in the other group because a relative was in it). difficult child came into the middle of one session to tell me that the S'Mores people were not letting him and H help. (I found out later that it was only one leader that was taking over everything - the other leaders would have allowed the boys to help) difficult child was very upset and I could not leave the music station adding to my stress. Oh, did I tell you that easy child bailed out on me tonight. I told her I could not handle loosing another volunteer and she found her own replacement. I felt bad, two women had given her a hard time last night for bringing her godchild. One lady told me today that easy child did very well with overseeing 9 VBS kids and caring for the one year old. One lady asked me tonight why she thought she should bring a baby to VBS when she had 9 kids to attend to. I replied that the 9 kids were very well behaved (though one ran away yesterday) and that she was capable of taking care of all 10 kids. So, I winged music. Flubbed up bad at the first 2 sessions then started getting a handle on the songs. I chose 4 songs to sing at closing. The one I led last night was awesome. At my last station, I told the kids that would be our last song because if we can leave the audience feeling that we are strong on one song, maybe they will overlook my unpreparedness of the other songs. I had one group that were 10 minutes late - I went looking for them and found that the woman who wouldn't let difficult child help with S'Mores was having kids go into the craft room after S'Mores to do our back up craft (in case of bad weather). They were suppose to have that option during free play. So, as I told someone, it was kind of a frustrating night but since the kids didn't know it was - all was well! We rocked out the closing song!!! I desperately missed our music leader but since she was not back, that may mean that one of her boys is on a winning team in the tournament she is at so though I wish she was here, I am happy for her that she is not. About 10 minutes after closing, I get a phone call from a grandma who didn't know if her daughter was going to pick up her girl. I looked for the girl and couldn't find her so assumed she was picked up. (I called back later to make sure she got where she was suppose to). Then one of the boys threw a little girl's shoe on the roof of the school. No one had a key to the storage shed for a ladder so I took the kitchen step ladder (shhhhh don't tell the old ladies) out of the kitchen. Fortunately one of my helpers came out and climbed it. Finally got the shoe down. One 11 yr old wanted to climb up the ladder - I told him that I did not want him hurt - however, I could use a break from work so I will climb up and if I get hurt no big deal, just a needed break! Then the person who set up the campfire climbed up for me. The girl I had a little trouble with last night spent the night telling me I was her best friend and giving me hugs. (same kid that told verses leader not to touch her when the teacher put her hand on girl's shoulder to try to get her to focus on what was being said.) Glad her night went better. I gathered everything from the fellowship hall and put into the craft room. I will sort through and put things away tommorrow (if I get up - LOL) or Sunday. difficult child and H have decided they want to come with and clean out lockers. Yep, their idea - I told them I would expect that to include soap and water - some of those lockers are bad! Woes be to the person who gets me up tommorrow -

subset: commoncrawl


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The key to winning is knowing when (and what) to quit. No one who has ever achieved greatness in anything has ever done so by trying to master everything that comes their way.Read more »
The key to harnessing the power of boredom is to see the doldrums for what they are — quiet clarions to the possibility of change.Read more »
Most of us would rather be brilliant on purpose, than accidentally so. The focus is usually on WHAT you do and HOW you do it, but knowing WHEN and WHERE you are at your best is just as valuable as knowing what and how.Read more »
Dozens of studies have documented actual ROI in key performance indicators for organizations that encourage managers to intentionally provide opportunities for people to do what they do best.Read more »
By playing to your strengths, by focusing on activities that make you feel strong, you will have an easier time mitigating the effect of stuff that drains you.Read more »


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January 2015 Ipsy Review – "Fresh Start"
Disclosure: This post contains referral links
Ipsy is one of the cheapest beauty subscription boxes. For $10.00/Month, you get a cute little glam bag with 4-6 beauty products inside. You do fill out a profile, but honestly, I am not sure how well bags are customized to it. They do have a points systems. You can review your items in your bag and refer people for points. Once you save points, you can redeem them for products on Ipsy.com.
I love Ipsy's mailers. I save every single one, and reuse them to ship items I swap.
I used my points to get 2 NYX lip balms and a crown point crease shadow brush.
The bag this month felt a bit like vinyl and was blue on one side and white on the other. This isn't my favorite bag, but it will be useful.
The theme for January is "Fresh Start".
BelláPierre Shimmer Powder Whesek $10.00 I like BellaPierre mineral eyeshadows. Whesek is a pretty silver mineral eyeshadow.
Here is a sample swatch of Whesek
Elizabeth Mott All Over Shadow Brush $9.99 I love getting brushes in subscription boxes. It is really the beauty tool that I can't get enough of. This is a pretty pink brush and the bristles are soft and packed well.
Probelle Into The Blue Nail Lacquer $6.00 I have over 100 bottles of nail polish, so what's one more. This color is "Into the Blue" and it is perfect for spring! It's also full size.
Pacifica Natural Mineral Coconut Eye Shadow in Treasure $2.91 I am not a huge fan of Pacifica eyeshadows, so I am going to swap this. I have enough neutral colors and I am ready for bright colors for spring!
Malin + Goetz Mojito Lip Balm $8.40 This is a really fantastic lip balm. This hydrates you lips while protecting them from the harsh elements. This goes on clear and really feels great on your lips.
Final Thought: This box had a total retail value of $37.30. This was a pretty nice bag. The lip treatment and eyeshadow brush made this bag worth it for me. The only product I wasn't a fan of, was the Pacifica eyeshadow. I hope Ipsy reaches out to some new brands in the next few months, because I feel they use some of the same brands regularly. Ipsy is a fun subscription and if you want to try it, click HERE.
Do you like FREE SUBSCRIPTION BOXES? Click HERE to see my free subscription box list.
You can see my FULL coupon list HERE.
Do you love Giveaways? Click HERE to enter all my Giveaways.


text: I'm a qualified TCD and sat air driver. After sat run backing into parking spot that was tight! Prob 4 -5 inches clearance on either side I pushed my mirrors forward instead of pulled in . As I was backing up my angle was close and it pinched the mirror and cracked the glass portion of the smaller convex mirror. In a hub where new drivers get DQ for hitting a pkg car pulling out in the morning ( granted sup was in the passenger seat with them) kind of got me slightly worried they will try to pull some management BS and do the same to me. I know a mirror isn't a hugedeal and sup Said just don't worry about it still kind of worried it will be a different story if it falls into the wrong ears. What do you guys think?


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Bev & Bob Homes Team
Real Estate Sales
- Mobile:
- 973 433 5636
- Office:
- 201-647-6144
- Designations:
- Salesperson
Livingston, NJ 07039-4047
Robert T. Meaux, Jr. (Bob) has been in real estate sales consulting since 2008. He leads the team, conducts the home seller sales consultations, completes the home buyer purchase strategy and spearheads negotiations between sellers, buyers, Realtors and attorneys. He has a degree in Finance from Rutgers, The State University, and over 15 years corporate experience in sales, logistics and finance with Nabisco, Castrol and Adidas. He's married to Beverly, and together they began this team, were real estate investors, have sold/rented over 110 properties thus far including 34 transactions and over $8M in sales volume just last year. The Team has over 70 client reviews and recommendations online, when the typical in the industry is normally 3. The Team was repeatedly recognized in the top 5 Teams of Keller Williams Realty Tri-State for closed units.
Beverly R. Meaux has been in real estate sales since 2003, achieving her Broker-Salesperson status in 2006. She assists Bob and is a member of the Keller Williams Agent Leadership Council (ALC) that is comprised of the top 20% of the Keller Williams agent body in the Market Centers. The ALC is actively involved in the leadership of the company, teaching classes, and holding ownership and management accountable to live within the budget and participates in attaining the goals of the Market Center. She has an MBA in Marketing and a BA in Communications from Rutgers, The State University and over 15 years corporate communication/PR experience with companies like Sony Electronics, IBM, Thirteen/WNET and Asbury Park Press.
Robert and Beverly have taken various industry courses dealing with technology, staging, greening the environment, and helping clients. Beverly also received her Broker-Salesperson license a few years ago. However, their most powerful awards are the constant referrals received from client friends old and new. They know sellers and buyers do not care about how many acronyms are behind their name denoting certifications but they do care if others who have used their services think highly of them.
"That's a smart way of thniinkg about it."
-Kris, Family
"Bob and Bev Meaux are a teriffic team. They are savvy realtors that get the job done, and really care about their clients. They stay on top of all of the latest technology, and that enables them to serve their clients before, during and after the transaction by keeping them in the loop. They have years of experience and know how to navigate in all types of situations. You can be confident when you choose Bev and Bob to represent you in any real estate transaction"
-The Picardi Wolfson Team, Colleague
"Bob and Bev Meaux are two of the most professional and successful real estate agents I know. They know everything about the housing market in New Jersey. They are always there for you whenever you need them. You'll find no one better equipped to help you buy or sell your home than Bob and Bev Meaux."
-Shelley E., Friend
"It has been a pleasure to work with the Bev and Bob team in the same office. As colleges I see the professional attitude they have with every client and transaction as well as agents. As a trainer in the office, Bev has shared tools with me and the office, helping all of us become better agents."
-Susan Powell, Colleague
"Beverly is a wonderful, caring, humble and reserved women. I came to know Bev through our Dance Ministry through church. She has a funny and silly side to her that keeps you laughing. When she speaks you pay attention to what she say's, because it is important. One thing I noticed when I met Bev, is, when she is passionate about something especially her job, you can tell through her body language and the excitement it brings to her life. If I was looking for a house and needed a Realtor, I would choose Bev. without a doubt. She should make house hunting fun and stressless. If there is anything else i can do please let me know."
-J. Burns, Friend


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The most destructive "weapon" of all time — Adolf Hitler's telephone — fetched $243,000 at an auction in Maryland on Sunday.
The winning bid was made by phone, but the name of the bidder has not been released, CNN reports. Though the owner hoped it would be bought by a museum.
Recovered from the Fuhrerbunker during the last days of World War II, the phone was "arguably the most destructive 'weapon' of all time, which sent millions to their deaths around the world," Alexander Historical Auctions noted in a description.
Since 1945, the old rotary phone had been tucked away in an English house in the country before it was auctioned off in the U.S. this past weekend.
The phone was gifted to Hitler during the last two years of the war and while it was originally black Bakelite, it was painted red – said to be Hitler's favorite color – and engraved on the back with his name, an eagle, and a swastika.
British officer Ralph Rayner took the phone, but essentially kept it a secret at first, as British soldiers caught looting could face court martial. Rayner's son, Ranulf, then inherited the phone when his father died in 1977.
Rayner said his father described the bunker as a "dreadful hellhole" where "he could still smell burning flesh."


text:
Please try again using different query.
Please try again using different query.
A set of objects showing the blacksmithing craftsmanship. The tray highlight the contrast. The smoothness, purity and simplicity of its form meets with irregular, rough structure. It's an idea to emphasize and appreciate the work of blacksmiths, where strong, heavy movements can create a extremely plastic, even sculptural structure.
The concept is simple, an approachable portable LED light. It is handy, lightweight, easily transportable, and with its rechargeable battery it can be used in almost any setting. Phare acts as a means for people to bring some light along with them.
More than just keeping you on time. "When we look at clocks, we see more than just the time. Whether it's a big wall clock in your kitchen or an alarm clock by your bed, they reflect your style and help complete your home. And getting a new clock is easy and affordable too, when […]
Design with clearly defined shapes for all items, all in line with input from the IKEA team and/or supplier. All designs to be aligned according to IOS input.
Design with clearly defined shapes for all items, all in line with input from the IKEA team and/or supplier. All designs to be aligned according to IOS input.
Sitting at our desks we focus purely on productivity. We disconnect from our bodies, becoming faster, more effective and cost-efficient as our brains become detached from physical constraints. In our search for work optimisation we are leaving our bodies behind.
Ellipse is a collection of indoor furniture based on the same construction and mounting system. Clear, simple aesthetics and close attention to every detail is the core of its refined and exclusive design.
A body-minded wooden stool and work table which together create an active working environment. It is a fresh perspective on the world of office seating.
Modern character of wicker. Wicker has been known and used in Poland for more than 150 years. Wicker baskets are commonly known and recognizable, but their popularity has decreased.
Axor waterdream's bespoke spouts created by ÉCAL students. The 'bend' enhances a standard tube shape by adding a single cut, bending a portion away from the main body.
The Mould Machine project was developed in close collaboration with Matteo Gonet Studio. The aim was to explore the potential benefits of fire-resistant or refractory materials when producing moulds for glass objects. The designers were thus invited to imagine prototypes for moulds and to express their intentions very clearly.
Simple, minimalistic, perpetual wall calendar with exchangeable paper sheets. Simple to use by reversing the pages, graphically clear to read and create notes. It has a minimal amount of elements, aluminum support for hanging and six double site paper sheets, and gives a maximum functionality.
A chair, results from an extensive research into the most comfortable and formally straightforward backrest and connections. Flat-packed and stackable allow this manifesto of a chair to b easilly assembled. This project is a testimony of continuous search for most simple solutions and the reduction of excess. Nuanced in every detail.
The main goal of this design was to create a versatile table with a classic character where functionality and mobility are primary concerns. Form, visually soft and light is deprived of superfluous styling to enhance the simplicity.


text: We already have a discussion about signing the diad for Customeers. What about on a C.O.D when a Cust asks you to fill in the Money Order with the shipper info? We are not talking about folks unable to do it, most common excuse is "I don't have my reading glasses, will you fill it in for me?" Should we do it?


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What do Valentine flowers really mean?
Know the meaning of flowers you're buying
Heather Staible, Contributing Writer
Roses, carnations and tulips are usual Valentine's Day floral fare, but garlic and grass are two of the lesser-known offerings.
During the Victorian era, flowers were used as means to communicate with suitors. Love, kindness and interest were conveyed in a bouquet of flowers, pinned to a woman's clothing or held as she walked.
Although the red rose will always say 'I love you' to the person who receives it, 19 percent of modern-day women tend to buy flowers for themselves.
"Women are in touch with themselves and they will buy themselves flowers, or they will buy flowers for their mothers, sisters and friends," said Jenny Sparks, director of consumer marketing for the Society of American Florists.
Sparks said that the language of flowers is less important today than it used to be.
"The red rose still signifies love, but today people buy flowers based on a special event or moment. And besides, flowers make people happy."TYPE OF FLOWER
MEANINGAcacia Concealed Love, Beauty in Retirement, Chaste Love Azalea Take Care of Yourself for Me, Temperance, Fragile Passion, Chinese Symbol of Womanhood Bouquet of Withered Flowers Rejected Love Carnation (General) Fascination, Women Love Carnation (Pink) I'll Never Forget You Carnation (Red) My Heart Aches For You, Admiration Carnation (Purple) Capriciousness Carnation (Solid Color) Yes Carnation (Striped) No, Refusal, Sorry I Can't Be With You, Wish I Could Be With You Carnation (White) Sweet and Lovely, Innocence, Pure Love, Woman's Good Luck Gift Daffodil Faithfulness, Happiness Dead Leaves Sadness Forget-Me-Not True Love, Memories Garlic Courage, Strength Geranium Stupidity, Folly Grass Submission Lily (Calla) Beauty Magnolia Nobility Orchid Love, Beauty, Refinement, Beautiful Lady, Chinese Symbol for Many Children Rose (Bridal) Happy Love Rose (Pink) Perfect Happiness, Please Believe Me Rose (Red) Love, I Love You Rose (Tea) I'll Remember Always Rose (Thornless) Love at First Sight Rose (White) Innocence and Purity, I am Worthy of You, You're Heavenly, Secrecy and Silence Rose (White and Red Mixed) Unity, Flower Emblem of England Rose (Yellow) Decrease of Love, Jealousy, Try to Care Roses (Bouquet of Mature Blooms) Gratitude Sweetpea Good-bye, Departure, Blissful Pleasure, Thank You for a Lovely Time Tulip (General) Perfect Lover, Fame, Flower Emblem of Holland Tulip (Red) Believe Me, Declaration of Love Violet Modesty
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Allentown, PA 18102
- 100%
This Week's Circulars
Latest from the newsroom
Updated Two injured in head-on crash
- Berks Chad Blimline | 69 News
- Berks Steak-umm


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When Mama's Boy first opened last spring(?), we hurried to try it out. Tim's folks were in town, and we're always trying to force them (in a respectful, loving way, of course) outside the box (read: prison) of the chain restaurant (woa — I'm just seeing the fabulous pun there!!) vicious cycle.
Disclaimer: Despite my above cheap & easy attempts at humor, this website was not designed to make moral judgments about eating at chain restaurants. I have my complaints about them, as I'm sure do many people, but I also frequent a handful of them, they are what they are, and have a purpose. Plus, if a person truly enjoys the food they eat at one, then by all means that's all that matters. I have a feeling a future post could address this subject in more detail.
Anyway, our first experience was nice, but not fabulous. It was their opening weekend, and you could tell. Tim did get an incredible plate of fried chicken, but I got a vegetarian dish that was so unremarkable I can't even remember it. We ordered a milkshake that took about half an hour to make (no exaggeration), so long we got it comped at our server's insistence. Plus, we felt the whole meal was a bit overpriced for the product they were selling. We have not been back — not because of any ill-feeling, but just because we haven't made much effort.
Until this morning. Earlier this week, Tim attended a meeting where his boss brought everyone egg biscuits from Mama's Boy. He was quite taken with this biscuit, and suggested we give it another shot, specifically for breakfast this morning. We hit it at the perfect time — maybe it's the overcast weather, but we were immediately seated in a partially-filled dining room, arriving at about 9:15 (I would've thought the place would be packed by then, it's become notorious for a packed house, especially for Sunday lunch).
Let me first comment on the helpfulness and friendliness of the staff. Not in a sugar-coated way; but genuinely helpful and seemingly quite content to be there, serving good breakfast to hungry people. Now, nice servers don't make bad food good, but a bad server can sometimes sour an otherwise lovely meal. (Tim and I have both been servers before, so while we are good tippers and willing to forgive many restaurant mishaps, we have little patience for snootiness, laziness, or huffiness.)
As is our usual custom, we order two entrées with the intention of splitting both. And, as is our usual custom when eating out for breakfast or brunch, we order one savory and one sweet. Now, my eyes immediately landed on the Salmon Cakes Benedict. You can guess the description — salmon cakes, topped with a poached egg and dilled hollandaise. But we went to get the biscuit, and we can't break with custom, so Tim suggested that the salmon cakes wait until our next visit. And yes, that means there will be a next visit. I will hold him to it.
So we had the savory dish figured out — a good ol' bacon, egg and cheese biscuit. That left the sweet dish, and the winner was chosen for two reasons: 1) it was quite highly recommended by my friend Gretchen, who had it a month or so ago, and 2) there just aren't that many sweet choices on the menu. No pancakes (to Ada's great disappointment), no waffles. There was a chocolate cake (yes! on the breakfast menu!), but that's a little over-the-top for me. So the sweet choice was the Georgia Peach-stuffed French Toast.
I'll start with the biscuit. It wasn't fussy, wasn't primped, wasn't garnished. But it was a home-run combination of flavors, and totally hit the spot. The biscuits are a little sweet, sweeter than most I've had. And normally I might be wary of a sweet biscuit — I mean, that's what honey and jam are for, right? But combined with the thick bacon and smoked — this is key — smoked cheddar, the sweetness was perfect. So I inhaled my half-biscuit, scooped food into Townes's mouth in-between bites, and moved on to our breakfast-dessert.
The french toast was not what I expected. I was thinking, thick slices of ripe peaches stuffed between layers of egg-coated bread. It was more like a peach sauce — you could still see tiny bits of peach, but it was almost minced, and thinned. So it wasn't bursting with peach flavor. But topped with the vanilla whipped cream, it was about as much as I could ask from french toast. And I do mean that as a compliment. It didn't need a single drop of the syrup that came on the side, and between myself, Tim and Ada, we practically licked the plate.
Tim was still hungry (splitting and sharing your meals with your 3-year old doesn't always make for a full belly) so he ordered a biscuit with gravy. I was stuffed, and didn't taste it, but in his words, "it was a good filler."
One of the best parts was that the meal was very reasonably priced. We got out of there with $15 less in our pockets, tip included. We didn't have coffee (I had my required 2 cups before I was able to dress and leave the house), so I couldn't use my previous post as a segway, nor can I comment on the quality. But overall, I say, if you're in Athens, and want breakfast, skip BCB for once and go to Mama's Boy. 'Cause somewhere around these parts, a boy is making his mama proud.


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I love Tarte Cosmetics. It's all organic, the packaging is recycled, and the colors are fantastic. Yet, when they came out with a self-tanner I was doubtful.
See, I'm practically translucent. So when a product says it can tan you without turning orange, I doubt it.
Tarte didn't lie. I can tan, slowly, with this product and not turn orange. They say it doesn't smell like self tanner, it does. Just as bad as the rest of them. What it does do is tan me and then fade away without leaving those spots that look like age-spots. Even on my face. Hence the photo of my see-through face right here.
It's now my go-to self tanner. I don't use anything else. I still lay out in the sun, those posts are coming up this summer, but in the winter I can put on two layers of this, even on my face, and get a great tan for myself and not have to worry about looking scaly a week later.
See you next week,


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Alicia Belt
$198.00 $258.00
Stay on top of this season's hottest trend with this stunning cream & yellow snake skin belt. Polish off your white haute look this Summer with this fabulous style that sits at the waist; The wide band extends ti the back and closes with minimal metal nub closures. Snake Skin & Leather w/ Gold Plated Hardware. Made in the USA. S/M fits up to size 6. M/L fits up to size 12.
Size Guide
Because sizing and cut will vary between brands, please use this chart as a general guide. If you are between sizes or need assistance selecting the proper size, please contact Customer Service by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com


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Are you spanking in the right place? Believe it or not, there is a science to spanking. Spank too high and you could cause serious injury, spank too low and you risk damaging the soft skin of the upper thighs. You want to focus your attention on the peaks or 'convex' shape of the buttocks and a delightful pink colour to those cheeks won't do your subject too much harm. A few extra swats here and there is fine, but remember to dole these out sparingly and with caution in mind. Spanking is not an exact science but there is a definite art to it.
While it's true that there are many positions in which you can deliver a damn good spanking, you should always consider the safety of your subject or 'spankee' first. Don't balance them somewhere and hope they don't fall off – spankee's are squigglers! Make sure they are secure either by means of your own body holding them in place or with a few additional restraints or ropes to make sure they don't travel too far. Spankees usually like restraints, believe it or not 😉
This post was brought to you with much help from: http://gayboyslife69.tumblr.com/post/77790381573
Hope everyone manages to get a few spanks in this weekend either by being the Spanker or enjoying them as the spankee. Woohoo – the weekend is nearly upon us 😉


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Exactly what is your fatty liver illness treatment approach choices? The solution to this concern might potentially shock you. The treatment strategy needs to consist of treating your other healthcare disorders to begin with and primary. When the underlying cause for your condition has been pin pointed and treated you will be cutting down the results on your liver. You can do this by dropping the excess bodyweight you have actually been carrying all-around, start working out frequently and regularly, consume healthier, get rid of all toxic substances you are putting into your human body.
Camden SC 29020 Inpatient Substance Abuse Treatment
Heroin is usually injected, snorted or smoked. Within hours after the drug effects have reduced, the addicts body starts to long for more. He will start to experience withdrawal if he does not get another fix.
If for some reason, you had to take a long break, attempt to start all over. So, if you were utilized to strolling for 45 minutes a day, thrice a week and you needed to break off from this routine, do not attempt to stroll for 45 minutes when you reboot. Start with a 20 min walk then slowly build it up. This once again, is something that works from my own experience.
Drug Inpatient Drug Rehab
The inpatient rehabilitation centers, Guarantees, decided to not launch a statement on the circumstance. They would likewise not confirm if Spears was formally gone from the center or not. Spears supervisor is likewise staying quiet about the circumstance. This is leaving much of us to assume that she is finished with the center and will not return. Unless, of course, she is flexing her opportunities and leaving the center for yet another day out on the town. If this is the case, Spears will return to the center later on tonight or tomorrow.
Modification Social Groups – I discover that when I stopped booze it was so discouraging to associate with my present good friends who had the sole social activity they under took as getting under the impact. After seeing them a couple of times I discontinued accompanying that group of individuals complete stop. Nobody wants to state we are transformed by our social groups behavior but all of us are. Stop nights out with them if they will not help you deserving of the mental clearness and strength to stop drugs to skip a good friend who is not a real pal if they will not aid you. Who understands what will happen, potentially one day you will assist them from their dependency. All of it begins with you.
It's real, a few of the pills are needed. And it's true, not everybody who takes them is going to wind up in drug detox, inpatient drug rehab, the morgue or the health center. But shouldn't whether an individual requires drugs be decided by a doctor instead of a drug business?
Inpatient Alcohol Rehab Near Camden South Carolina 29020
The cost of treatment is the primary reason that clients fail in receiving treatment. Many suffering from mental health issues go un-treated since of the high expense of inpatient rehab. Discovering a government subsidized program without downgrading services, maybe a choice.
A rehabilitation program supplies medical as well as psychological treatment to the addict. It's crucial to first clean the addict's body from the redundant drugs present in the blood stream. Then, the mind needs to be freed of drug dependency. A program achieves success when, at the end, the addict no longer requires or desires the drug or drink.
The Verdict
During your treatment, being tempted to return to utilizing drugs or drinking alcohol is regular. Nevertheless, there are a lot of things that you can do to avoid relapsing and start all over again inside a drug rehab or alcohol rehab in New york city.


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Fed. Circ. Gives Fuzzy Slipper Patent Suit 2nd Life
In a unanimous opinion, a three-judge panel overturned a district court ruling that invalidated U.S. Design Patent Number D598,183, which was held by Buyer's Direct Inc. for its line of Snoozies slippers. The panel said the lower court was too general in...
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Welcome to my website! My name is Anna and I am a Senior Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Lincoln. I am currently funded by the Leverhulme Trust to run the Men, Poverty and Lifetimes of Care (MPLC) study, exploring the care responsibilities of men living in low-income families. I was also PI for a Leeds Social Sciences Institute funded project called 'Responding to Young Fathers in a Different Way' that builds out of the major ESRC funded Following Young Fathers study. This aims to develop policy and practice to better support young fathers.
My research interests broadly include;
- Men and masculinities,
- Grandparenting (including their roles in informal and formal exchanges of care),
- Gender relations and feminist theory,
- Sociologies of family, relationality and kinship,
- Realist approaches in qualitative research,
- Qualitative longitudinal research including qualitative secondary analysis.
2011 – PhD Human Geography, Lancaster University
2007 – BSc Geography, Lancaster University
Research Experience
I have developed my research interests and expertise in the areas identified above both as a PhD candidate at Lancaster University and as a Research Associate at the Open University. At the Open University I worked particularly closely with Professor Brid Featherstone, contributing to an evaluation of the Family Rights Group Advice and Advocacy Service and the ESRC funded 'Beyond Male Role Models' project. I also supported a small team in an evaluation of an urban regeneration scheme in Milton Keynes, which assessed the impact of the scheme on people's well-being. In each of these projects I utilised my skills as a qualitative researcher.
My PhD thesis is entitled ''Exploring the influence of intergenerational relations on the construction and performance of contemporary grandfather identities'. It examines men's experiences of being a grandfather and how this influences the diverse constructions of their identities as older men. Key contextual factors including the men's intergenerational relationships with grandchildren, re-configurations of family and men's personal biographies evidently influence how men construct their identities in the family as they get older, complicating the concept of grandparent and what it means to be an older man in contemporary British society. The empirical data revealed more about how older men engage in relationships in later life and how this benefits them; a topic very little is known about. The analysis for the research is framed by a conceptual framework that views grandfather identities as performative, relational and intersected by often contradictory relations of masculinities and age. While conducting my research I was supported by Professor Colin Pooley, Dr James Faulconbridge and Dr Saskia Vermeylen. The work was funded by the geography department at Lancaster University (now Lancaster Environment Centre, LEC).
I have gained a great deal of teaching experience, both during my PhD and after. While conducting my PhD research I passed the Associate Teacher Program (ATP) qualification and gave lectures and led tutorials. Since completing my PhD in July 2011, I have been a Senior Teaching Associate at Lancaster University for the Lancaster Environment Centre. I have taught a broad range of topics at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels including:
- Designed and led multiple fortnightly tutorial groups (developing university and geography skills with first years) – including marking, and face-to-face feedback.
- 4x 1hr lectures on Orientalism and development (First year)
- 2 x 1hr lectures on Social responses to Natural Hazards (First year)
- 5 x 1hr lectures on Qualitative Methods (Second Year)
- 5 x 2hr lectures on Sustainable Development and Natural Resources (Second year)
- 2 x 1hr lectures on Geographies of identities (specifically gender and age) (Second year)
- 4 x lectures on Political Geography (first years at Chester University) and marking
- Research Methods, Questionnaires and Writing Literature Reviews – (Lancaster Environment Centre)
- Sustainable Water Management (Lancaster Environment Centre)
- I have also supported student research projects as a mentor (Lancaster Environment Centre)
- Marking for MSC in Environmental Management (Lancaster Environment Centre)
- MA Research Methods – Lecture on Qualitative interviewing (University of Leeds)
Online Presence
I see this blog as an opportunity to raise questions and discuss thoughts about my career experiences. In the future I intend to share my progress and questions regarding my research as well. I have started a research journey blog in order to document my experiences but also to share my thoughts and ideas so that I can become a better researcher and be accountable in what I do. I have also been the Managing Editor of PhD2Published, founded by Dr Charlotte Frost which is an amazing platform for peer-to-peer support and reflection on the process of academic publication. Through the site, I really developed my web presence, broadening the impact of my work and using it as a tool to guide me through the process of publication planning and writing with the support of my peers. Follow me on Twitter here and check out my Academic.edu and ResearchGate pages.
Outside of academia I love to run (when I have time), read literature and spend time with my family! I reached my exercise ambition of running a half marathon so now I guess I need to train for a marathon!
Please do get in contact should you have any comments, queries or requests using my 'Contact Me' page.


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A Feature Meeting
First race: Approx 12.52 pm (tbc*)
Last race: Approx 4.54 pm (tbc*)
Number of Races: 8
Gates open: 11.45 am
Race program and times here
(*initial race timing schedule is normally available approx 4 weeks from the event however final timings are not confirmed until the Wednesday of the week of the event. We apologise for any inconvenience)
Information to come.
Members Stand tickets can be purchased for $10 each. Tickets purchased prior to race day include gate entry. Tickets can also be purchased on the day from the Raceday office but do not include gate entry.
Members Stand dress standards
Find out more
A $10 punters Club will be operating on races 3 through to the second to last race. Tickets will be available from the race day office and various totes around the course. A great way to have a little flutter without having to study the form.
Trentham's terraced, premier restaurant gives you a stunning outlook and provides the perfect seat to experience the magic of racing. A Premier Buffet will showcase our Chef's expertise as they treat you to the styles of Trentham.
$75.00 per person
Feature Buffet
Note: Wellington Racing Club Members may purchase up to two tickets at $65 pp
Credit card fees will apply
** Members Stand dress standards apply
Great for businesses, friends, sports groups or just for a spectacular day at the races. What better way to entertain with ceiling to floor windows, a Corporate Box provides the most sought after sporting views on offer.
To book please contact:
04 528 9611
$80.00 per person
Premier Buffet
Menu upgrades available
Note: Minimum booking is for 15 guests.
Located within the Members Stand
Casual Dining on the first level of the Members stand (via the Wellington Room) for only $40 per person. Please note you must have access to the members stand
Barista coffee and cafe style menu
Cafe style food plus your favourite Hot Dogs, chips, sandwiches etc
Cafe style food plus your favourite Hot Dogs, chips, sandwiches etc. Please note you must have access to the members stand
Bar facilities and Cafe style food available.Please note you must have access to the members stand
Open for our Members with excellent access to the top level of the stand.
Leaving central Wellington every 30 minutes (5 minutes past and 35 minutes past the hour), approx time from City to Trentham is 40 mins. Return trains to Wellington from Trentham also leave at 5 minutes past and 35 minutes past the hour.Click here for Metlink timetables.All trains will be stopping at departing from the western platform at Trentham (Ararino Street). Access to the course is available via the overbridge (North of the station) or via the pedestrian link to the south in line with Camp St, Granville Street, then along Racecourse Road.
Trentham Racecourse is located on Racecourse Road. Public parking is available on Racecourse Road and surrounding areas. Members, Owners, Jockeys & Trainers are invited to park in the Leger Car Park at the Northern end of the course (100m past the turnstiles on Racecourse Road. Click here for Google Maps


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Do small things with great love.
We've all heard this before. One of Saint Teresa of Calcutta's most beloved axioms, this quote serves as a beautiful reminder to infuse all that we do – even the smallest, most mundane tasks – with love. When we act from self-centered or ambitious motives, our professional and societal achievements – no matter how great – are worthless. It is love alone that transforms and uplifts our actions, and there is no value in whatever is done without it.
This sounds simple enough in principle, but what does it actually look like applied to the regular happenings of our lives? How do we sweep the kitchen with love, shop for groceries with love, or sit in traffic with love? Continue reading on The Fullest to find out.
Image via Sonya Khegay


text: Pennsylvania State Registry - October 25, 2014 This day has been dedicated to: Paul & Brenda View Profile | Leave Comment Share your profile with your friends and family! Looking For Friends & Family? International Day Registry Paul & Brenda's Day We Met Date: October 25, 2014 Owner: Paul & Brenda Purchased By: Brenda Young Why this day is important: The day we met is the day our lives began :) International Day Registry


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Pre-booking for Ilayathalapathy Vijay's upcoming film Theri is in full swing as theatre owners have opened their counters a month in advance.
Yes, SPI Cinemas in Chennai has made its advance booking option available to public and the response is massive already, according to a report.
The film, which will hit the big screen on April 14th, is one of the most anticipated Tamil films of the year and rightly so, for its star value among other things.
Going by the craze the film is surrounded by, Theri is all set for a massive opening, not only in Tamil Nadu but also in some of the neighbouring states like Kerala and Karnataka.
Music composer GV Prakash has handed over the digital audio tape (DAT) to producer 'Kalaipuli' S Thanu as the audio launch function is scheduled to take place this Sunday (March 20) at the famous Sathyam Cinemas.
Stay tuned for more updates on Theri and more.
Also Read: 'Thala 57' Updates: Project To Be Completed In 3 Months, Ajith May Play Dual Role!


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Private Label BCAA Post Workout
Taking BCAA Post Workout after an intense workout has been shown to aid in maintaining muscle growth and energy required to reduce muscle breakdown. Containing: L-Glutamine-enhances exercise performance, L-leucine-stimulates muscle growth, Vitamin B6-anti inflammatory and L-Valine-promotes muscle growth and tissue repair .
Benefits of BCAA Post Workout:
BCAA stands for Branched-chain amino acids: which prevent fatigue and improve concentration, reduce protein and muscle breakdown during and after an intense exercise. Supplementing with BCAA Post Workout can assist in lean muscle growth, with fast recovery and minimum muscle loss. Available in watermelon, tropical punch and grape flavors.
Private Label Your Company's Sports Supplements
As a private label manufacturer, Vox Nutrition offers its customers BCAA Post Workout, delivered in easy to use powder, while providing unlimited customization of your order.
Order today and get a turn around time of 72 hours on your private label supplements.
- Flavor:
- Watermelon
- Tropical Punch
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- Serving Size: 6.5 Grams
- Servings Per Container: 50
- Bottle Color: Black
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Private Label BCAA Post Workout Supplement
BCAA Shock Each scoop of BCAA Shock provides 4000 mg of pure free-form BCAA's plus 1000 mg of L-Glutamine. The 325 g bottle gives you an incredible 50 servings. Glutamine helps muscles recover quicker. BCAA's are used for their anti-catabolic and anabolic effects. BCAA's are essential because the body cannot make them from other compounds but must come from your diet or supplementation.
Vox's perfect ratio BCAA powder contains two parts Leucine to one part Isoleucine and Valine. This ratio is backed by science and provides the greatest benefits. Gain Quality Size Incredible 50 Servings Per Bottle Perfect BCAA Ratio Incredible Results Lab Tested for Purity Sugar-Free


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Prophecy according to the Holy Spirit. Most prophecy is given when the watchman or prophet is not expecting it. Other times, the man himself prays for an answer to a question, and receives a prophetic word, or wisdom worth knowing. Even in these cases, it is usually the Holy Spirit who has first called to the man to ask in the first place.
To ask another man about where to prophecy... it is an unwise undertaking, in my opinion.
It has never even entered into my mind to do such a thing.
Seek and obey God. Walk in the Spirit.


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Waiting on Wednesday is hosted by Breaking the Spine, and it was created for bloggers to share with each other the books they are impatiently "waiting on." This week I've found a book that you won't have to wait long for. It's coming out next week!
Team Human by Justine Larbalestier & Sarah Rees Brennan comes out July 3, 2012 from Harper Teen. Team Human looks like a parody of the Twilight books, but I believe it's got a lot more going for it. Don't you love the title? Here's the description from Goodreads:
Just because Mel lives in New Whitby, a city founded by vampires, doesn't mean she knows any of the blood-drinking undead personally. They stay in their part of town; she says in hers. Until the day a vampire shows up at her high school. Worse yet, her best friend, Cathy, seems to be falling in love with him. It's up to Mel to save Cathy from a mistake she might regret for all eternity
On top of trying to help Cathy (whether she wants it or not), Mel is investigating a mysterious disappearance for another friend and discovering the attractions of a certain vampire wannabe. Combine all this with a cranky vampire cop, a number of unlikely romantic entanglements, and the occasional zombie, and soon Mel is hip-deep in an adventure that is equal parts hilarious and touching.
Acclaimed authors Justine Larbalestier and Sarah Rees Brennan team up to create a witty and poignant story of cool vampires, warm friendships, and the changes that test the bonds of love.
I'm dying to read this. It's one of those books that has received reviews all over the map, so I'm curious to learn the truth. And I promise to report back!
What are you waiting on?


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Vought Aircraft Industries Inc, Aircraft (Manufacturers), listed under "Aircraft (Manufacturers)" category, is located at 9314 W Jefferson Blvd Dallas TX, 75211 and can be reached by 9729462011 phone number. Vought Aircraft Industries Inc has currently 0 reviews.This business profile is not yet claimed, and if you are the owner, claim your business profile for free. If you are not the owner you can invite this business to join by email or by phone.Browse all Aircraft (Manufacturers) in Dallas TX. Discover census data for Dallas, TX.
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Newt blames 'random strange person'
Jon Ward got Newt Gingrich's reaction in Iowa today to the flier that Ben reported on last night, slipped under the doors of a hotel, attacking the former House Speaker's past marital woes:
"Look, this is a free society in which various random strangers can do many things," he said. "And I think if you read the flier, it was clearly written by a random strange person. I don't worry very much about what happens in a free society."
Story Continued Below
The flier purports to have been paid for by Iowans for Christian Leaders in Government. When asked a second time if he thought a political opponent or rival campaign had designed the flier, Gingrich said, "It was worded too badly. None of the campaigns I know would have written it that badly."
Gingrich spoke with HuffPost after touring North Iowa Area Community College with his third wife, Callista. Callista Gingrich is mentioned in the flier as a "young staffer" who carried on an extramarital affair with the then-House Speaker for several years before Gingrich divorced his second wife and married her.
At one point during the tour, Callista Gingrich mentioned to a college instructor that she had spent 11 years "as a staffer" on the House Agriculture committee.
"A lot of hearings," she said, as Newt shot a sideways glance her direction.


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NEW HANOVER COUNTY | New Hanover County
officials appear ready to strike a deal to save two local bus routes – or at least ready to make a trade.
The commissioners met with the Wave Transit authority board and the Wilmington City Council Thursday to discuss the future of Wave's bus routes to northern New Hanover County and Pleasure Island, and the county's role in funding the organization.
Tension had been building between the three entities regarding funding since June, when the commissioners cut their contribution to Wave to $140,000 in the 2013-14 county budget, down from $250,000 the previous year.
The commissioners are scheduled to make a decision during their meeting at 6 p.m. Monday at the historic courthouse, 24 N. Third St., Wilmington.
WILMINGTON | A new golf-themed film titled "The Squeeze" has begun pre-production in the area, according to the Wilmington Film Commission. The film opened production offices at EUE/Screen Gems Studios.
Neither the Wilmington Film Commission nor the production office could offer any specific details. But a link was posted last week on the Wilmington Film Commission's website for local crew members to submit for employment on the film.
WILMINGTON | A Wilmington man pleaded guilty Monday in the September 2010 stabbing death of another man at Solomon Towers.
Haneef Adib Rahamann, 60, entered an Alford plea to charges of voluntary manslaughter and robbery with a dangerous weapon in the death of Reginald Burke Bunton, 42, who was found stabbed to death Sept. 1, 2010, on the 10th floor of Solomon Towers, an 11-story handicapped and senior public housing complex at 15 Castle St.
An Alford plea is one in which a defendant admits no guilt, but is sentenced as if he had. Rahamann was sentenced to from 13 to 17 years in prison.
WILMINGTON | A fire that might have totaled an Oleander Drive office building on Sept. 27 was caused by improperly discarded smoking material, according to a Wilmington Fire Department release.
The fire, determined to be accidental, began outside the building, on the second-floor landing, said Battalion Chief Sammy Flowers. Then it burned up the exterior of the structure, through insulation material and into the attic.
According to the fire department, total damage to the structure and property inside is estimated at $800,000.
The building housed the offices of four companies, including Sold Buy the Sea Realty, Velocity Tech Group, The Assurance Group and endodontist W. Christopher Ward, the owner.


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Sensornet and Ziebel Sign Agreement for Wellbore DTS Systems
Sensornet, provider of the world's most advanced monitoring solutions, is pleased to announce a supply and cooperation agreement for Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) technology with Ziebel.
The supply agreement will allow further expansion of Ziebel's current fibre optic permanent downhole monitoring solutions as well as intervention services, and will strengthen Sensornet's position as the industry leading supplier of fibre optic monitoring products and services.
The partnership enables Ziebel's intervention technologies and competencies to be combined with the industry's most advanced DTS products and services from Sensornet. This allows for the provision of data management and interpretation services by FloQuest, enabling advanced analysis of DTS and other sensors for flow allocation, injection profiling, and well integrity monitoring.
Sensornet and Ziebel have also signed a new three year exclusive agreement to cooperate on the commercialization of the patented ZipLogTM wellbore optic surveying method. This game-changing well intervention methodology involves a semi-stiff carbon "rod" being pushed into live wellbores across production or injection intervals. This is a cost-effective and powerful alternative to logging with coiled tubing or well "tractors". The system logs downhole distributed temperature, point pressure and vibration in real time.
Neale Carter, CEO Sensornet, said: "I am delighted by these exciting developments and we look forward to further enhancing our disruptive technology offering to our clients in the oil and gas industry.
"The correct analysis and interpretation of flow distribution and content can have a significant impact both financially and logistically on a well's production life and, ultimately, the success of an operation. This agreement will ensure that our technically advanced range of solutions ensures that every monitoring requirement is met."
Henning Hansen, Corporate VP - Technology, Marketing and Business Development, Ziebel, said: "Having followed Sensornet closely for many years, I am very pleased to see Sensornet and Ziebel now forming this cooperation.
"Further strengthening the cooperation with Sensornet is a significant reinforcement of Ziebel's vision to become a leading provider of systems improving reservoir drainage.
This technology cooperation, where Ziebel's leading edge wellbore technologies and competencies are merged together with Sensornet's industry leading fibre optic DTS products, will for Ziebel be a significant step forward in advanced wellbore monitoring and interpretation."
- Sensornet and Ziebel Sign Agreement for Wellbore DTS Systems (Apr 03)
- Ziebel AS Acquires Tubel Technologies Inc. (Dec 01)
- Ziebel Acquires Axon Instruments (Aug 10)


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|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|30 May 2006
|Fecha de presentación
|29 Nov 2000
|Fecha de prioridad
|7 Mar 2000
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|David L. Rhodes
|Cesionario original
|Opcoast Llc
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (13), Otras citas (1), Citada por (9), Clasificaciones (23), Eventos legales (6)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
This application claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/187,487 filed Mar. 7, 2000, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
When transmitting data over a communications network, information is oftentimes transmitted in packets containing the data and a 'header'. The header contains information that defines various aspects of the packet. These aspects may be the source (sender) and destination (receiver) addresses, message identification information, the amount of data that is contained in the packet, etc. A message that cannot be accommodated in a single packet is split into a series of packets for network transmittal. Thus, the overall communication occurs as a series of packet transmittals between the source (sending) and destination (receiving) hosts (typically a computer system of some type). Within the network, packets are switched or routed at points usually called a 'hop'; hops are connected by 'links'. The destination host reassembles the packets from the original message. In general, each packet is not constrained to travel along the same path as others, and, at each hop or link, one or more packets may become lost or destroyed. Thus, only a partial set of the originally transmitted packets may arrive at its destination and, furthermore, they may arrive in an out-of-order fashion (e.g. in an order different from that sent). Duplicated packets may also arrive at the destination if the source re-transmits a packet, or if the network takes some other corrective action.
Although current technologies permit dynamic routing of individual packets, such abilities may be inadequate for demanding applications. For example, real-time streaming or lengthy sessions may still be subject to several undesirable events attributable to network connectivity problems including: temporary (and permanent) interruption; partial loss of data; and widely sporadic packet arrivals at the destination. These effects may cause communicating hosts to prematurely disconnect or abort their communication (e.g. when watchdog timers expire); or cause unacceptable service for 'real-time' packet delivery-where such packets require timely delivery to be of any use.
Several approaches have been suggested to remedy these problems, including: handling of the problem at protocol levels above the packet or network levels (e.g. at the application level), the use of hosts acting as proxies or caches (intermediate storage), improvements to traffic shaping, source pacing or advanced flow-control techniques (e.g. "SureStream," RealNetworks, Inc., white paper, Seattle, Wash.), preferential selection of the data source host statically before the transmission begins (see Brian Kenner, et al, "System and method for optimized storage and retrieval of data on a distributed computer network," U.S. Pat. No. 6,003,030 issued 14, Dec. 1999), new network router techniques and algorithms, as well as other techniques. These existing techniques can be categorized as advanced caching, proxy or flow-control methods, or as static server load balancing methods, and are either tailored to recovery of lost data after detection (often times by the client), or are application level techniques. As such, they cannot overcome basic packet level communication disruptions between hosts as they arise from time to time (dynamically) in large networks. Network proxies act as intermediate storage points for a set of receiving hosts, but do not alter the network routing of packets from original source to proxy nor from proxy to destination.
Current packet-based routers provide a limited form of dynamic routing capabilities since they may decide which route/path (and thence subsequent hop) to send an incoming packet based on link status or load. However, such a decision is local to the router and hence meeting broad end-to-end service criteria or providing server management is unobtainable with this approach.
A network of hosts constructed and arranged for the transfer of digital information is provided. The network comprises a source host, a destination host, at least one collaborating host and a management object constructed and arranged to facilitate collaboration between the source host and the collaborating host in transferring data between the source host and the destination host. The management object may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. When there is a need for an alternate route between the destination host and the source host, the management object sends the data along the alternate route to the collaborating host, which, in turn, sends the data to either the destination host or another collaborating host which does the same. In sending the data to the destination host, the collaborating host attaches source identifying (identity) information of the source host to the data so that the destination host believes the data is from the source host and accepts the data.
A method for routing information over a network is also provided comprising the steps of obtaining network information; sending data intended for a destination host, from a source host to a collaborating host as a function of the network information; facilitating collaboration between the source host and the collaborating host; sending the data to the destination host from the collaborating host so that the destination host believes the data came from the source host.
The need to use an alternate route may be due to network congestion, to balance system load or both. In systems where the source identification of incoming packets is used in the association of the packet with a particular message in receipt, it is necessary to spoof (or fool) the destination when the actual packet source stems from a different source. That is, an alternate source must masquerade as the original source in order for its packets to be found acceptable by the destination for some particular message. In addition, all other aspects of the packet and its header must conform to the expectations of the destination. Thus the original and masquerading sources must collaborate. Preferably, the management object facilitates the collaboration.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the source host forwards the data, with its source identity information to all collaborating hosts in the network. In an alternative embodiment, the collaborating hosts access the source host to obtain the network data and identity information of the source. In another alternative embodiment, multiple copies of the network data are available so that each collaborating host has a local or otherwise available copy of the data for the destination host.
When implemented over the Internet, facilitating collaboration between the source host and the collaborating host further comprises obtaining source identification information from the source host by obtaining an IP identifier of the source and destination, protocol type, source and destination ports, the data, its relative position in the message (e.g. a sequence number) and acknowledgement information. Such information can be incorporated into the packets for re-transmittal by the collaborating host.
The present invention relates to a technique to permit improved connectivity over packet- or cell-based network-of-network systems (e.g. the Internet). The invention is especially applicable to information transmissions which are lengthy or in which timely delivery is critical, although the technique in general applies to messages of any length longer than that which can be contained in a single packet, including for example, file-transport protocol (FTP) sessions for 'large' files (large relative to the time interval(s) between network disruptions) and continuous or real-time streams containing financial, audio or video or any other content. The term 'packet' as used herein includes systems that are typically called packet-based or frame/cell-based (cells are usually fixed length packets).
In prior art systems, a communication message is sent between hosts (e.g. computer systems). Such a message may be of varying length and may be segmented into packets for communication in the network. Upon arrival of said packets, the destination (receiving) host assembles the packets (using information contained in the packets) to reform the original message. These packets may travel along different paths, incurring different latencies, in the network traversal. Moreover, due to congestion or other issues, the network may drop packets (fail to forward thereby losing them). Thus, packets may arrive at the destination out of order, as duplicate copies, and/or require re-transmittal before a complete, error-free copy of the message becomes available at the destination. The destination may use these packets in a 'real-time' fashion, making use of them shortly after arrival (for example in video or audio streaming applications), or store them until the entire message arrives.
The segmentation of information for transmission over a network provides an opportunity to avoid congestion or otherwise improve transfer latency or effective bandwidth via the use of masquerading. This especially applies to either a relatively large message (e.g. a large FTP file transfer) or a message in which timely arrival of packets or group of packets is critical (e.g. with real-time considerations or streaming data).
A communication system according to the present invention comprise a set of hosts, called the 'rim', which are willing to masquerade for each other and participate in collaborative masquerading. By "collaborative masquerading," it is meant that the hosts collaborate to fool a destination into thinking that a message is coming from the original source host when the message is actually coming from a different host, a masquerading host. Collaboration requires that the masquerading host have access to the information to be transferred and the source-identifying information of the source host. In this way, the masquerading host sends information from the source to the destination with the necessary identity information of the source, thereby fooling the destination host into thinking the information came from the source host.
In a further aspect of the present invention, the masquerader packages the data into packet form either in its entirety or as a variation thereof, and transmit the packets to other masqueraders who de-package the packet for subsequent transmittal to the destination.
The rim may be fixed or dynamically change over the course of time, even during the course of a single message delivery. Additionally, two arbitrary hosts are identified as the 'source' and 'destination' whereby the source is transmitting a 'message' to the destination. Without loss of generality, the source may be referred to as a 'server' and the destination as 'sink' or 'client.' This terminology and definition does not restrict the invention to point-to-point communication as it is also applicable for messages using broadcasting, anycasting or multicasting. The technique is primarily targeted to wide-area inter-networking implementation, but is applicable to metropolitan (medium or intra-campus) and even local area networks as well.
The destination identifies incoming packets in part using a source identification attribute (contained in the packet), possibly along with other information, to associate particular packets with a particular message. This is necessary because multiple messages may be received simultaneously. From the point of view of the destination, an incoming packet is an acceptable part of (portion of) some message if it properly conforms to being part of a message in receipt. Thus, the destination is able to receive packets from a third party, the 'masquerader', as long as the information contained in the packet is set to make the destination believe the packets are coming from an acceptable source host. Such a masquerader may change from time to time, and in fact, there may be multiple masqueraders for one message instance. In this way, message packets arrive at the destination from various hosts in the network such that the incoming paths might look like a 'funnel' heading towards the destination and hence the moniker 'rim' for the source(s).
Some type of decision process aimed at control and management of collaborating masquerading data sources is needed to actively direct the rim hosts.
In general, a decision is made on a dynamic basis to employ masquerading for a set of rim hosts. Preferably the decision and management process to facilitate the collaborative masquerading previously discussed is provided by a management object implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. Any type of decision mechanism, however, may be employed with the invention. The object can reside anywhere on the network or on an outside controller that is connected to the network. In addition, the object can reside on a number of nodes and act cooperatively to decide what kind of action to take. Ultimately, the object makes a decision concerning the use of masquerading at the lower protocol level and higher protocol levels as is available.
The network status information used to manage the rim hosts can come from many sources. For example, in the case of the Internet, as congestion appears on a host A to host B connection, host A may receive ICMP error packets back from the point of congestion. These ICMP messages may be one of a variety of sub-forms of the "host unreachable," or "time exceeded," types. However, other network status indicators, possibly obtained largely independent of the network itself, may also be used. In addition, since the routing path from host A to host B need not be the same as that from host B to host A, host A may receive status (such as receive buffer space) regarding the destination (e.g. 'source quench') even when host A cannot communicate with host B. All such information can be used as the basis for masquerading decisions as made by the management object. This status information, along with any other type of network status information, can be used in the decision process to direct host A to initiate a 'masquerading' action, namely a switch over to another host in the rim.
A first embodiment of the present invention applies to multi-level protocol systems, like the Internet. Only the protocol level and implementation primarily responsible for packet delivery are changed. Since the functionality and interface at higher protocol levels remains the same, the masquerading and spoofing technique described herein can be used without requiring changes to these higher level protocols. However, the technique of the present invention is not limited to situations where higher level protocols remain unchanged.
The basic method of spoofing and masquerading in accordance with the present invention can be used for point-to-point communication (e.g. one source and one destination), for multicast communications (one source and multiple specific destinations), broadcast (one source to all destinations), anycast (one source to non-particular destinations), or a 'funnel-cast' (multiple sources to one or more destinations). A funnel-cast may be defined as the situation where multiple sources in the rim are simultaneously sending the same or overlapping portions of a message to one or more destinations. Since the destination(s) are tolerant of receiving repeated packets in many networking implementations, this technique can be used to further ensure reliable and timely packet delivery.
The technique can be applied repeatedly for even a single packet delivery. In such a case, the packet traverses more than one masquerader in the route to the destination. This method therefore enables the functionality for source-based or explicitly controlled network routing to the extent that a defined sequence of collaborating masqueraders can be used as routing hops. When applied to the Internet, the masquerader could be viewed as an 'IP reflector' in that packets can be steered through them explicitly. This is accomplished in a different way then suggested by the IP protocol standard via the IP source routing option; moreover additional benefits are provided by the method.
Another use and advantage of the present invention is to balance server loads. Especially in the cases where: (i) the data or message source is locally copied or otherwise easily available to each host participating in the masquerading set; or (ii) the data comes from resources outside of this set. Since a set of masquerading hosts can dynamically adjust which host provides transmittal service(s), the server load can be balanced (in terms of the total number of active connections, CPU or memory usage, their individual or aggregate bandwidth characteristics, etc.).
Referring to
Now referring to
The invention may be embodied in a variety of network and inter-network systems. While various particular embodiments and particular functional details are discussed herein, the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. The invention makes use of masquerading to avoid inter-network (e.g. Internet) congestion or unavailable network resources to transport data. Network resources may be comprised of links, routers, hubs, switches, shared media based communication (e.g. Ethernet) or any other network component.
In a typical inter-networking arrangement, inter-host traffic (data or messages) flows from hop to hop across links (i.e., the communication is multihopped). The path of this data flow is determined by the network routing scheme, which is generally some method for determining the treatment for and/or next hop of an arrival packet. For various reasons, particular links and hops may become, on an intermittent, sporadic or even long-term basis, unavailable or only partially functional. Since the inter-network is a shared facility, used for communication by a multitude of applications and connected hosts, a similar result of apparent unavailability may be caused when resources are used for other activities or due to other interference. The end effect is that an inter-network presents an unreliable, dynamically changing configuration of available resources, bandwidths and topologies at any time. While the majority of the discussion contained herein relates to multihopped networks, the invention is usable in networks of other than link-hop topologies as well and is not limited to multihopped network formats. For example, portions of the network may use broadcast or shared media including wireless, radio or satellite links, rather than strictly a network of links that interconnect hops and sub-networks.
Referring back to
In the invention, packets arriving at the destination are associated with, and re-assembled into a particular message using information contained in the packet. The destination may be simultaneously receiving several messages from one or more sources, so it uses an identification variable assigned to the source, which is carried in each packet, as part of the information for reassembling the original message. Additional control information, along with data content, may also be present in the packet.
A third-party host (or possibly more than one as changing on a dynamic basis) sends packets that contain portions of the overall message into the network masquerading as the data source. A masquerading host 32 may send packets into the network masquerading as the source 30. When source identification contained in the packet is used as part of the reassembly information, the masquerading host 32 must place the source 30 identifier, rather than its own identifier, in packets sent to the destination 31 (for this particular case). This gives rise to the terminology that the masquerading host 32 is masquerading for the source 30 and that the destination is spoofed by the masquerader 32 into believing that packets sent from itself actually come from the source 30.
Since the masquerader 32 may be remote from the source 30, network problems or congestion on the path from the source 30 to the destination 31 are avoided. The source 30 and the masquerader 32 are said to be in the rim since the masquerader 32 is willing to collaboratively masquerade for the source 30. The source host 30 may also be willing to masquerade for the masquerading host 32, that is, the rim host set may or may not act in a reciprocal manner. For simplicity,
For further illustration assume hosts A,B and C are connected via a network. A is the source, B is the destination and C is the masquerader. In order for 'C' to productively send part (or all) of the message, it must collaborate in some way with 'A' to be aware of which part or parts (on a packet level) of the message it should send. The division of the message into packets may be occurring dynamically (during transmission) in which case 'A' must inform 'C' how the message is divided or may be done in some a priori fashion (message division is predefined or otherwise known). Therefore, a decision process exists that dynamically controls the masquerading of one or more rim sets, each of which may be sending several messages at any time. In addition, the present invention supports both cases in that the masquerading hosts are either pre-informed about message division into packets, receive division information with the aid of the management object, or directly receive said packets for forwarding via masquerading.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the source of the original message and the destination are in the rim. In this case, in order for each masquerader to send packets (or an ensemble thereof) representing parts of the original, the original source must forward such packets to each masquerader to effect collaboration. In addition, the identity-verification information of the original source is sent with the forwarded packets. This action may occur using general network facilities or over dedicated resources of any type. One particular case of using a dedicated intra-Rim resource is shown in
In another embodiment, the source host (or other resource) "D" is outside the rim. The hosts in the rim still act in a masquerading fashion to improve delivery of the message to the destination. To effect collaboration, each masquerader may independently, or in some cooperative fashion, access the remote host "D" 38 to obtain the parts of the message they are responsible for sending. The original sending host may be either one of the masquerading rim set hosts or 'D' 38 itself, in which case, the rim hosts are effectively acting as a dynamically changing proxy for 'D'38. In another form, a host external to the rim hosts, also 'D'38, is accessed as needed by hosts in the rim to supply the message.
In a further embodiment, there are multiple copies of the message among hosts in the rim, for example, particular content may be distributed among rim servers via separate means on a periodic or other basis. In this case, data content does not need to be transmitted between the source 30 and masquerader 32 but only control information including source identity, ports and position in the message, etc. since masquerader 32 has its own copy of the message. So, it is not necessary to pass the message contents from the source 30 to the masquerader 32 who may use its own data source so long as the source 30 and the masquerader 32 collaborate to the extent that the masquerader 32 knows the point in the message that it is now responsible for. For example, a set of hosts may all have local (or otherwise available) copies of a set of video streams and the collaborative masquerading process only needs to (dynamically) assign hosts to sessions without concern for data content transmittal among the masquerading host set.
The present invention is general in that it applies to many types of networks, however, the Internet and its particular inter-networking operation can be considered individually given its prominence. The following applies to TCP and UDP operating over IP (the initial TCP specification is contained in Internet Request for Comments #793, Transmission Control Protocol, and for UDP—see Internet Request for Comments #768, User Datagram Protocol). For the Internet, host identification is generally done using Internet Protocol (IP) numbers (see Internet Request for Comments #791), Internet Protocol) and particular services or active connections at each host are offered in conjunction with a 'port.' Source and destination IP numbers along with source and destination ports are coded as integers (bit patterns contained in the packet). Incoming packets may be associated with particular messages or directed towards particular applications by examination of the destination IP and destination port as well as possibly the source IP and source port. Additional information which defines the amount of data and the position of the data within the context of the overall message may also be provided (e.g., sequence numbers for TCP) in the packet. Other information, for example TCP also provides acknowledgement information pertinent to data received, may also be contained within a packet.
Therefore, spoofing a receiver in the realm of the Internet requires that the masquerader have access to the sending host's IP identifier as well as source/destination port numbers, sequence and acknowledgment numbers in the case of TCP. It also needs to be aware of which portion of the message remains to be sent or which portion that it is responsible for sending. Continuing with the prior example in this Internet context, when it is determined that 'C' should masquerade for 'A', host 'C' (collaboratively) obtains 'A's IP identifier, and port and sequence/acknowledgement numbers that 'A' was using in its transmission with 'B'. 'C' uses this information, along with the original message contents coming from 'A' (or elsewhere, via a local copy) to spoof 'B' into accepting packets from itself. As mentioned, this collaboration takes many forms ranging to complete dynamic transmittal of the message via 'C' to merely informing 'C' of the location in the message for which it is assuming responsibility. From a receiver's perspective, as long as all of this information in consistent with some ongoing communication, the packet will be received as a valid part of the message.
Some networking communications, as is the case for some Internet protocols, are full-duplex in that packets flow in both directions even if data content flow is completely unidirectional; this requires that consideration be given to packets arriving from the receiver in association with a particular messaging or connection. The masquerading technique described herein is, in fact, compatible with this requirement. As described so far in the context of half-duplex connections, the invention does not alter reverse packet flow at all and hence is consistent with reverse packet flow requirements. This reverse flow may, for example, be a source of information regarding network availability and thereby aid in making masquerading decisions.
However, the system in accordance with the present invention may also provide support for alternative reverse flow requirements, as may be required at higher protocol levels or at the user application level. Returning to the example, even though 'C' is masquerading for 'A' in sending 'B' packets (i.e. the forward flow), reverse flow packets sent to 'A' from 'B' will still be directed towards 'A' by the network logic and routing. This is the desired situation as long as 'A' retains control of the higher protocol level or application level for this messaging connection (perhaps a 'TCP socket' in Internet terminology). However, should a decision be made that 'C' becomes the controller of this messaging connection, on either a permanent or a temporary basis, it may be necessary to have reverse flow packets be delivered to 'C'. Now, the forward path would be 'A' to 'C' to 'B' (or just 'C' to 'B' if 'C' had a local copy or alternate access to the message contents) and the reverse path 'B' to 'A' to 'C'. Since the network is directing reverse flow packets to 'A', this invention enables the last leg of this route (the 'A' to 'C' portion). Since 'A' is aware that 'C' is masquerading for it and it knows the destination's address and message identification, it can readily identify which incoming packets require this reverse service.
To summarize, this extra reverse service is not necessary if 'A' maintains logical control of the messaging, but it may be needed if 'C' takes some form of control of the messaging. However, in that case, 'A' can readily identify packets which require such service. In the event that 'A' and 'C' share control of the message in some way, then 'A' can use the packet information as well as forward it. In this way, the invention supports upper level protocol hand-offs (i.e. moving one end of a logical connection to another host in a manner unbeknownst to the other end). Thus, the invention specifically includes, but is not limited to, the additional actions in reverse flow packet routing as discussed herein. Note that in this case the communication socket was shifted from 'A' as source to 'C' as source with 'B' as the destination. However, due to the logical symmetry of the network, both sides of a single full-duplex connection or both sides of a pair of half-duplex connections may employ the invention to achieve a socket hand-off in both directions.
Without limitation, the reverse packet flow requirement can be understood in the context of the TCP Internet protocol. Using the case above, assume that a TCP connection exists between host 'A' and host 'B' and that host 'C' is to act as a masquerader for 'A' (at some time point). In one embodiment, the TCP level protocol is handed-off and remains between 'A' and 'C' even though 'A' is using 'C' to masquerade for it for forward packet delivery to 'B'. The reverse flow of TCP packets are directed to 'A' as part of normal network operation as desired. Now, if the TCP level connection is handed-off 'C' then 'A' is aware of this and forwards (and copies if needed) packets arriving in the context of this socket to 'C'. In this way, it appears to 'B' that the socket remains with 'A' even though 'C' has assumed a higher level of responsibility. Even though 'A' must now forward incoming packets to 'C' from 'B' in association with this connection, it is then freed from performing other higher level protocol actions or maintaining state in memory for the connection. In one embodiment, a new TCP instance on 'C' must be created in the acceptance of this socket hand-off; this may be accomplished using extra signaling within the IP layer or via separate means.
Packets of other types, for example ICMP packets (see Internet Request For Comments #792, Internet Control Message Protocol), may arrive at 'A' which are of interest to 'C' when it is masquerading for 'A' (irrespective of if it has also accepted a socket hand-off) or which are pertinent to the management and control of the rim. In these cases, 'A' makes use of the information contained in the packet as appropriate. As is evident, the invention may be used to enable capabilities that heretofore did not exist in higher level protocols and application levels which make use of packet-based messaging.
So far, the invention has been discussed in terms of point-to-point messaging, with a single source and destination. However it is equally applicable when the message being sent is a multicast (one to many hosts) or broadcast/anycast (one to any or all hosts). In these cases, the masquerading host assumes the same responsibilities that the previous source host had in a rather directly understood manner. If the original message was being sent as, for example, a multicast and a decision is made (via any of the methods described before) to use another Rim server for this messaging, than the masquerading host also sends the message as a multicast. The source would make use of the masquerading technique in the same way, and reverse flow packet services are handled similarly.
Another use of the invention's masquerading technique enables a mode called 'funnel-casting' which is a many to one communication style. Many networking technologies, as in the Internet, allow for correct reception of the message or stream even when duplicate packets or packets containing overlapping portions of the message are received. In such cases, the invention's masquerading technique can be used in another way, namely to simultaneously send packets containing duplicate or overlapping parts of the message from each masquerader, and possibly the original host as well. As discussed previously, the technique was used to provide an alternate location for packet sends into the network, but each packet was an independent portion of the overall message. In funnel-casting, however, packets with identical data content or containing overlapping portions of the message are sent from a multitude of hosts in the rim; if multiple identical packets are received the destination ignores the duplicates. Since packets are traveling along possibly different routes from each location in the Rim to their destination, this technique can also improve the destination's message reception. Reverse flow packets would be subject to the same consideration, namely that they would be returned by the network to the original source, which can act in a manner analogous to that before. In general but without limitation, this technique would be most useful when it does not cause additional congestion, for example in a network route on the last hops to the host.
Finally, the invention may also be used to improve 'load balancing' as well as improved packet delivery, as has been discussed thus far. Since the invention provides the ability to change servers that are sending messages, the invention provides an implementation method for balancing any number of aspects of loading in a dynamic manner. Such aspects include CPU utilization, disk space usage, memory usage, and consideration of server bandwidth utilization on an individual basis or using some aggregate characteristics of the Rim. The masquerading technique provides the means to allow virtually any algorithm or method to manage the goal(s) of load balancing. Furthermore, the goals of load balancing and improved packet services provided by the invention may be combined in a virtually limitless way. In this case, the goals of congestion avoidance and load balancing can be traded-off to the extent that they are not mutually consistent as might be guided by an algorithm or other mechanism.
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Owner name: OPCOAST LLC, NEW JERSEY
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|10 Ene 2014
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|30 May 2014
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|22 Jul 2014
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Effective date: 20140530


text:
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