text:
Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1968-1999: Supplemental Files (ICPSR 3202)
Principal Investigator(s): Hofferth, Sandra L., University of Michigan. Survey Research Center; Stafford, Frank P., University of Michigan. Survey Research Center; Yeung, Wei-Jun J., University of Michigan. Survey Research Center; Duncan, Greg J., University of Michigan. Survey Research Center; Hill, Martha S., University of Michigan. Survey Research Center; Lepkowski, James, University of Michigan. Survey Research Center; Morgan, James N., University of Michigan. Survey Research Center
The Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) is an ongoing data collection effort begun in 1968 in an attempt to fill the need for a better understanding of the determinants of family income and its changes. The PSID has continued to trace individuals from the original national sample of approximately 4,800 households, whether those individuals are living in the same dwelling or with the same people. The investigators hoped to discover whether most short-term changes in economic status are due to forces outside the family or if they can be traced to something in the individual's own background or in the pattern of his or her thinking and behavior. The data can shed light on what causes family income to rise above or fall below the poverty line. In line with the theoretical model, the questions asked fall generally under the headings of economic status, economic behavior, demographics, and attitudes. Specifically, they deal with topics such as employment, income sources and amounts, housing, car ownership, food expenditures, transportation, do-it-yourself home maintenance and car repairs, education, disability, time use, family background, family composition changes, and residential location. In the early years, respondents were asked supplemental questions about their housing and neighborhood characteristics, child care, achievement motivation, job training, and retirement plans. In more recent years, special topics have included extensive supplements on education, military combat experience, health, kinship networks, and wealth. Supplemental datasets, each with detailed information about a particular topic collected over the years, are released separately from the core files (PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS, 1968-1999: ANNUAL CORE DATA [ICPSR 7439]). Supplemental information on additional topics, such as flows of time and money, help among families and their friends, and motivation and efficacy, is gathered on an intermittent basis. Part 1, the 1985 Ego-Alter File, presents information on retrospective histories of marriage, childbirth, adoption, and substitute parenting. Part 2, the 1984-1987 Work History Supplement File, contains more detailed information on individual employment histories than is presented in the core files, including multiple job changes. Part 3, the Validation Study, was designed to assess the quality of cross-sectional and over-time economic data obtained in the PSID. The first wave of the Validation Study was conducted in 1983 and a second wave was conducted in 1987. For the Validation Study, the standard PSID questionnaire was administered to a sample drawn from a single large manufacturing firm. Questionnaire results were compared to company records to verify respondents' answers to questions such as hours worked, sick time taken, periods of unemployment, and changes of position within the company. Part 4, the Time and Money Transfers Supplement File, 1988, was designed to facilitate access to the detailed information collected in the 1988 wave of the PSID regarding transfers, in the form of time and money, between a PSID family unit and other persons during the 1987 calendar year. Part 5, the Marriage History File, 1985-1999 (Waves 18-31), was designed to facilitate access to detailed information collected in the 1985 through 1999 waves of the PSID regarding retrospective marriage histories. This file contains detailed information about marriages of people of marriage-eligible ages living in a PSID family at the time of the interview in any wave between 1985 and 1999. Each record contains all past-year and most-recent-year details about the timing and circumstances of a marriage for a specified individual. Variables in this file include the identifiers for each individual and his/her spouse, month and year of marriage/divorce/widowhood, order of the specific marriage, total number of marriages, and the most recent year wave when data were collected. Part 6, Relationship History File, 1968-1985 (Waves 1-18), presents information on pairs of individuals who were members of family units descended from a common, original family in the 1968 sample. The Relationship History File was designed to identify relationships that might not be evident using traditional data collection methods, which often define relationships in terms of the relationship of the individual to the head of household. There are two records for each pair (one record per individual). Variables include relationship, age, gender, and a set of residential status variables. This file is designed for use with Appendix C for Relationship History File (Part 7). Part 8, Childbirth and Adoption History File, 1985-1999 (Waves 18-31), was designed to facilitate access to detailed information collected in the 1985 through 1999 waves of the PSID regarding retrospective histories of childbirth and adoption. This file contains detailed information about any individual living with a PSID family at the time of the interview in any wave from 1985 through 1999 and his/her biological or adopted children. Each record contains all present-year and past-year details about the timing and circumstances of childbirth and adoption for an individual. Variables in this file include the identifiers for each parent and child, month and year of birth for both parent and child, birth order, birth weight and date of death for a child, year of most recent report, number of births/adoptions, etc. Data in this file are structured in a one-record-per-event format, with each record representing a specific childbirth or adoption event. Part 9, the Self-Administered Questionnaire Supplemental File, 1990 (Wave 23), provides information about the health care needs of older panel members in the core (but not Latino) sample. Each household head and wife aged 50 or older was mailed a self-administered questionnaire. Questions focused on the respondent's health, health care coverage, and long-term care coverage. Part 10, Telephone Health Care Cost Questionnaire Supplemental File, 1990 (Wave 23), was administered by telephone at the time of the main interview to heads and wives aged 65 or older. The questions in this supplement focused on detailed health care costs for eligible heads and wives. Data include separate cost and payment source information associated with every hospitalization or nursing home stay during the 12 months prior to the 1990 interview. Similar cost and payment data about outpatient surgery, other office visits, oral surgery, prescription medication, eyeglasses and hearing aids, and professional and nonprofessional home care were also collected. Some additional questions were included about help with domestic duties, both paid and unpaid, help with financial planning, and cash and noncash gifts. Part 11, the Parent Health Supplement, 1991 (Wave 24), is a subset of the Wave 24 data that supplies supplemental information concerning the health of the parents of the household head and wife. Parts 12-14 comprise the wealth supplemental files for 1984, 1989, and 1994. Part 12, Family Wealth Supplement Data, 1984 (Wave 17), and Part 13, Family Wealth Supplement Data, 1989 (Wave 22), were derived, respectively, from the Public Release II versions (final release versions) of Parts 18 and 19 of ICPSR study 7439, and Part 14, Family Wealth Supplement Data, 1994 (Wave 27), was derived from Part 202, Family File, 1994 (Wave 27), an early release version. The components of wealth were collected at the family level. Part 15, Estimating Risk Tolerance from the 1996 PSID, asked how willing employed respondents were to take jobs with different income prospects. Parts 16 and 17 focus on active saving and cover the time periods 1984-1989 and 1989-1994, respectively. Sequences in these files are intended to measure flows of money into and out of different assets such as putting money into or taking it out of the stock market, putting money into annuities or cashing them in. In combination with changes in the companion wealth components these measures can be used to study savings versus capital gains.
Access Notes
Data in this collection are available only to users at ICPSR member institutions. Please log in so we can determine if you are with a member institution and have access to these data files.
This study is provided by ICPSR. ICPSR provides leadership and training in data access, curation, and methods of analysis for a diverse and expanding social science research community.
WARNING: Because this study has many datasets, the download all files option has been suppressed, and you will need to download one dataset at a time.
WARNING: This study is over 150MB in size and may take several minutes to download on a typical internet connection.
ASCII + SAS Setup SPSS Setup Stata Setup
ASCII + SAS Setup SPSS Setup Stata Setup
Study Description
Hofferth, Sandra L., Frank P. Stafford, Wei-Jun J. Yeung, Greg J. Duncan, Martha S. Hill, James Lepkowski, and James N. Morgan. Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1968-1999: Supplemental Files. ICPSR03202-v3. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2016-09-07. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03202.v3
Persistent URL: https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03202.v3
Export Citation:
- RIS (generic format for RefWorks, EndNote, etc.)
- EndNote XML (EndNote X4.0.1 or higher)
This study was funded by:
- National Science Foundation
- Ford Foundation
- United States Department of Labor
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Rockefeller Foundation
- United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Aging
- Spencer Foundation
- Tinker Foundation
- United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare
- United States Department of Agriculture. Office of Economic Opportunity
Scope of Study
Subject Terms: adoption, attitudes, child care, divorce, economic behavior, economic change, economic conditions, families, family history, fertility, health care costs, health status, household expenditures, household income, income, job history, marriage, military service, neighborhood characteristics, older adults, poverty, social indicators, socioeconomic status, working hours
Smallest Geographic Unit: nation
Geographic Coverage: United States
- 1968--1999
- 1968--1999
Unit of Observation: household, individual
Universe: Households that had at least one member of the noninstitutionalized population of the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia. The portion of the sample called the SRC subsample, when taken by itself, was representative of the households in the coterminous United States in 1968. The second subsample consisted of the low-income nonelderly households sampled by the Census Bureau for the 1966-1967 Survey of Economic Opportunity. These households, drawn with unequal probabilities of selection that depended on geographic location, age, race, and income, were added to the sample to ensure that there would be a sufficient number of low-income and, especially, Black low-income households to permit separate analyses of these populations.
The files in this data collection were originally included in PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS (ICPSR 7439), which has been broken out by ICPSR into three separate data collections: PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS, 1968-1999: ANNUAL CORE DATA (ICPSR 7439), PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS, 1968-1999: SUPPLEMENTAL FILES (ICPSR 3202), and PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS, 1989-1990: LATINO SAMPLE (ICPSR 3203).
Users are encouraged to check the PSID Web site for updates to this collection. A complete bibliography of publications can also be accessed at the site.
Sample: The sample is a combination of a representative cross-section of nearly 3,000 families selected from the University of Michigan Survey Research Center's (SRC's) master sampling frame and a subsample of about 1,900 low-income families previously interviewed by the Census Bureau for the Office of Economic Opportunity. The combined sample is appropriately weighted to be representative of all people in the United States. Heads of the same families have been interviewed each year since 1968, as have the heads of families containing members who were part of a 1968 household and later left to start households of their own or to join another household. Panel losses have been more than offset by the addition of these newly formed families, bringing the present sample size to near 7,000. The sample for Part 3, the Validation Study, was drawn from a single large manufacturing firm in the Detroit area.
Weight: Weights are provided for analysis. Please refer to the ICPSR codebooks for additional information regarding the weight variables.
Mode of Data Collection: face-to-face interview, mail questionnaire, telephone interview
personal and telephone interviews, mailback questionnaires, and census data
Original ICPSR Release: 2002-09-19
- 2016-09-07 The SPSS and SAS setups for DS2: Work History Supplement File, 1984-1987 (Waves 17-20) were replaced, and Stata setup files, as well as SPSS and Stata system files, a SAS transport (CPORT) file, a tab-delimited data file, and an R data file were added to the collection. DS3: Validation Study, 1983 and 1987 (Waves 16 and 20) was reprocessed to eliminate an error in the Stata setups. The SPSS, SAS, and Stata setups, as well as the SPSS and Stata system files and the SAS transport (CPORT) file for this dataset were replaced, and a tab-delimited data file and an R data file were added to the collection.
- 2005-11-04 On 2005-03-14 new files were added to one or more datasets. These files included additional setup files as well as one or more of the following: SAS program, SAS transport, SPSS portable, and Stata system files. The metadata record was revised 2005-11-04 to reflect these additions.
Related Publications
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Discount Shoes Online Orangeville PA 17859
Shoes and shoes have not only end up being an important part to our daily outfit but they have become a style icon all by themselves. In the olden days shoes were a way of securing your feet from the ground and to keep the feet warm in the winter season and colder months, nowadays shoes are a style declaration and a method of dressing up your clothing and feet.
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For the current style in men's and women's shoes and boots examine out shoes [http://www.shoes-n-footwear.com/].
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David Whitehouse talks to us about memory and forgetting, and how his personal experience influenced his new novel, The Long Forgotten.
The End of the F***ing World creator, Charles Forsman, picks his favourite coming of age books.
With the release of Annihilation on Netflix it's the perfect time to catch up with the book that starts Jeff VanderMeer's unsettling Southern Reach trilogy.


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Vixen's NEW AX103S f/8.0 Refractor Telescope features a three element objective lens, incorporating a central ED lens. The fourth lens is inside the focuser drawtube. This reduces chromatic aberration and yields high contrast images. In combination with the rear Field Corrector Lens, the AX103 Refractor Telescope yields sharp high contrast images with no trace of false color.
"Precision Multi-Coating" applied to the lenses, enhances visible light and assures extremely high light transmission. Residual chromatic aberrations are eliminated. Astronomy Magazine states "Its superb optics allow high magnification views". The built in Dual Speed Focuser enables coarse and fine focus adjustments. Sky at Night Magazine states: "With its excellent build quality and rich feature set, we thoroughly recommend this system if you're looking to upgrade from your current setup". Manufactured in Japan and covered by a 5 Year Warranty.
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Funeral Mass for longtime Cortez resident John Thomas "Jack" Kelley will be held at 10 a.m. on Friday, Feb. 15, at Ertel Memorial Chapel. Father Pat Valdez, C.R. will officiate. Military Honors will be provided by the Ute Mountain American Legion Post #75. Private Interment will take place at Bayfield Cemetery, Bayfield, Colo.
A Rosary will be held on Thursday, Feb. 14, at 7 p.m. at Ertel Memorial Chapel.
Jack passed away at his home on Wednesday, Feb. 7, 2013, at the age of 79. Jack was born May 28, 1933, in St. Louis, Mo. to John Ambrose and Lavina Elizabeth (Sieferd) Kelley. Jack married Carolyn Ruth Pierce on April 28, 1962, in Albuquerque, N.M. To this union three children were born, Paula, Jeanie and John T.
Jack served his country as a member of the Air Force. He worked for Mountain Bell, was a water well driller in New Mexico, and helped to build the ski runs at Angel Fire. He operated the Sportsman Chevron, and owned and operated Park Street Chevron and Jacco Distributing for many years in Cortez. Jack was a longtime resident of Cortez but lived and ran a business in Bayfield for 22 years as well. Jack was an Elks member. He loved spending time outdoors fishing, camping and hunting. Jack also loved to tinker. Dancing with his wife of 50 years brought Jack much enjoyment.
Surviving Jack are his wife, Carolyn Kelley of Cortez; two daughters, Paula Bair and husband Lyle of Cortez and Jeanie Matthews and husband Dean of Dolores; son, John T. Kelley and wife Jenna of Fruita, Colo.; grandchildren, J.D. Bair, Mariah Bair, Randy Matthews, Kelley Matthews, Becky Kelley, Melissa Kelley, Lane Kelley, and Leia Kelley; one great-grandchild; sister, Carol Loy and husband Danny of California; nephew, R.J. Loy also of California; and brothers-in-law, Ray Pierce and wife Pricillia, Hal Pierce and wife Jan, John Pierce, Richard Pierce and wife Bev, and Mike Pierce and wife Collette.
Jack was preceded in death by his parents; a granddaughter, Kymber Leah Bair; his father-in-law, Gilbert Pierce; and by his mother-in-law, Patricia Pierce.
Memorial contributions may be made to the Alzheimer's Association, 701 Camino del Rio, Ste. 32, Durango, CO 81301.
Services are under the direction of Ertel Funeral Home. For further information or to send condolences, log on to www.ertelfuneralhome.com and click on the obituary section.


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Copyright ©2000-2017 Starizona
Adventures In Astronomy & Nature, All rights reserved
5757 N. Oracle Rd., Suite 103 · Tucson, Arizona 85704 · Call Us: (520) 292-5010
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On a dynojet this M3 posted a baseline of 347 wheel horsepower on 93 octane fuel. At a mild 6.7 psi of boost from the supercharger on that same pump 93 octane with an aftermarket exhaust system output rose to a peak of 553.78 wheel horsepower. Basic arithmetic gives us a gain of 206 horsepower at the wheels. That is well over 600 horsepower at the crank. Repeatable, every day, bolt on performance for your M3. Not to mention an absolutely beautiful torque curve.
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Boyman History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
Early Origins of the Boyman family
Westmorland and Northumberland where they held a family seat from very ancient times, some say well before the Norman Conquest and the arrival of Duke William at Hastings in 1066 A.D.
Early History of the Boyman family
Another 251 words (18 lines of text) covering the years 1223, 1279, 1328, 1500, 1621, 1704, 1660, 1733, 1784 and are included under the topic Early Boyman History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Boyman Spelling Variations
Spelling variations of this family name include: Bowman, Boeman, Boyman, Boman and others.
Early Notables of the Boyman family (pre 1700)
Another 40 words (3 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Boyman Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Boyman family to Ireland
Some of the Boyman family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.
Another 105 words (8 lines of text) about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Boyman family to the New World and Oceana
Some of the first settlers of this family name or some of its variants were: Nathaniel Bowman (1610-1682), one of the earliest settlers of the Massachusetts Bay colony is generally regarded as the first Bowman immigrant; Anna Bowman who settled in Salem Massachusetts in 1630.
The Boyman Motto
The motto was originally a war cry or slogan. Mottoes first began to be shown with arms in the 14th and 15th centuries, but were not in general use until the 17th century. Thus the oldest coats of arms generally do not include a motto. Mottoes seldom form part of the grant of arms: Under most heraldic authorities, a motto is an optional component of the coat of arms, and can be added to or changed at will; many families have chosen not to display a motto.
Motto: Numine et arcu
Motto Translation: The bow by God's providence.
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PHOENIX — Jim Henderson's timing was impeccable in deciding to spend the entire winter in Arizona.
The Milwaukee Brewers' bullpen closer hails from Calgary, Alberta, where a polar vortex is possible on any day ending with the letter "y." While accustomed to that Nanook of the North lifestyle, Henderson admitted it was quite nice to winter in the Phoenix area.
"I picked the right winter to come down for the warmth," he said. "It's been a tough winter for everybody."
Henderson's decision to relocate to the desert was not solely to increase comfort level and hold down heating costs. The relocation kept him near the Brewers' training base at Maryvale Baseball Park, where he could throw regularly — outdoors — and be better prepared for the start of spring training.
Having stuck his foot firmly in the team's closing door last season, the hard-throwing right-hander didn't want to lose ground.
"Basically, it's just more to take advantage of the opportunity that's ahead of me here," he explained. "I'm a big believer in coming down to spring training early, and I like getting down from the cold in Canada.
"It kind of turned into a no-brainer for me. The training facility is down here; the trainers are here year-round. Cost of living is expensive in Canada compared to here. So I said, let's do it."
After spending 10 years in the minors before finally getting to the major leagues in 2012, Henderson had no preconceived notions about playing a major role with the Brewers last season as a 30-year-old rookie. He began the season as a setup man but quickly moved into the closer's job when John Axford suffered an early meltdown.
Later, when Henderson was sidelined with a hamstring strain, veteran Francisco Rodriguez took over as closer. After "K-Rod" was traded to Baltimore in late July, Henderson again assumed closing duties and finished with a flourish.
All told, Henderson converted 28 of 32 save opportunities while posting a 2.70 earned run average over 61 appearances. He held opponents to a .200 batting average and recorded 75 strikeouts with only 44 hits allowed in 60 innings.
Henderson not only notched 18 saves in his last 19 chances, but he also converted opportunities in 12 consecutive appearances from late July to late August, establishing a club mark.
Though the Brewers brought Rodriguez back for a third stint with the club just before spring training, Henderson remains the team's closer. But, to no one's surprise, the unassuming Canadian is taking nothing for granted.
"The last couple of years, my time in Milwaukee it's been back and forth from the closer's role," he said. "I do have a bit of experience now, so I think it's just about grabbing hold of the reins a little bit. I'm still going to learn from Frankie; he taught me a lot last year. I think he was that final piece of the team that we needed."
Henderson closed games at several stops during his long journey through the minors but doing it in the big leagues is a completely different level of pressure. As with all closers, you know every time you take the mound it's going to be goat or hero.
"Last year, still, I felt like I was just holding that job, just holding it temporarily with Ax and Frankie there," he said. "When both of them got traded (Axford was dealt to St. Louis in late August), that's when it started to kind of open my eyes and see that I can do this.
"There was nobody else to back you up, so you had to go out there and just kind of make it your own. I think after they got traded, I needed to step up and take control of that role a little bit more."
Henderson was not the only advanced-aged rookie to make his mark in the bullpen last season. Right-hander Brandon Kintzler, 29, emerged as the primary setup man, posting a 2.69 ERA with 26 holds in 71 relief appearances.
Kintzler got better as the season progressed with a 2.09 ERA over his last 59 appearances. He retired 52 of 71 first batters faced and stranded 16 of 21 inherited runners.
That showing allowed Kintzler to come to camp for the first time also with some job security. But, as with Henderson, he is assuming nothing until he sees his name on the opening day roster.
"I feel a little more, I don't want to say relaxed, but less stressed," said Kintzler. "I can just get ready for the season. Last year, I got hot and just took off. When you're given the opportunity to succeed and you do it, hopefully you establish yourself.
"I don't think in one year you earn your stripes. You've probably got to do it a few times. I'm sure I have some doubters, but I don't care. That's why you like baseball. It doesn't really matter who you are or what round you got drafted in. Once you get in pro ball, you're even. All you have to do is put up numbers.
"The Brewers will give you a chance if you put up numbers. Some organizations don't do that."
Manager Ron Roenicke knows Henderson and Kintzler well enough to realize they won't ease off the pedal after experiencing one strong year in the majors. And while it would take a major meltdown for either to miss making the club this spring, he expects both to stay focused on the tasks at hand.
"I won't have to have conversations with them," said Roenicke. "But I'll just make sure they know, 'Let's still go at this like you're trying to make the team, and stay healthy and have the years they had last year.'
"With the years they had, I don't want them to do anything different. They realize it's a short window (for relievers in the majors); it really is. That window can end in a hurry, too. So they have to do the right things."
Rodriguez, who went 10 for 10 in save opportunities for the Brewers last season while posting a 1.09 ERA in 25 outings, provides coverage for both Henderson and Kintzler. Swingman Will Smith likely will fill one left-handed role in the bullpen and veteran Tom Gorzelanny another if he recovers from off-season shoulder surgery in time for opening day.
The Brewers are intrigued by 21-year-old lefty Wei-Chung Wang, a Rule 5 draft pick who must make the jump from rookie ball or be offered back to Pittsburgh. Others expected to get good looks include Rob Wooten, Michael Blazek, Alfredo Figaro and Donovan Hand, now a non-roster player.
"There's going to be a lot of guys fighting for a couple of jobs," said Roenicke. "All of them pitched well for us last year. Unfortunately, there are going to be some guys disappointed at the end. We do (have more pitchers than spots), no doubt about it."


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November 2, 2004
ETA REGIONAL INFORMATION ALERT 034-04, Change 2
ORIGINATING OFFICE: Region 5
SUBJECT: Solicitation for Grant Applications - High Growth Job Training Initiative Grants for the Healthcare and Biotechnology Industries; SGA/DFA- PY04-1; CFDA Number 17.261, Correction
PROGRAM(S): All Programs
1. Purpose. To transmit a correction and extend the closing date for the Solicitation for Grant Applications for Program Year 2004 High Growth Job Training Initiative (HGJTI) Grants for the Healthcare and Biotechnology Industries.
2. References. Federal Register, Vol. 69, No. 210, November 1, 2004, p. 63409; Information Bulletins 034-04, September 17, 2004 and 034-04 Change 1, October 7, 2004.
3. Links. This Alert is in the Regional Resources website at: http://www.doleta.gov/regions/regionalresources
Link to the Federal Register attachment (.pdf)
4. Substance. The correction provides additional clarification on eligibility and extends the closing date to November 16, 2004.
5. Action. Program administrators are invited to share this Information Alert with appropriate staff and other agencies/entities. Eligible applicants are invited to submit an application, on or before November 16, 2004.
6. Contact. Comments or questions about this grant solicitation may be directed to Kevin Brumback on 202.693.3381. Comments or questions about the format of this Alert may be directed to Tom Coyne on 312.596.5435.
7. Expiration Date. November 16, 2004
8. Attachment. Federal Register, Vol. 69, No. 210, November 1, 2004, p. 63409


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The Music of Jimi Hendrix Applied to Indian Raga
The Music of Jimi Hendrix Applied to Indian Raga By Matthew Montfort
I began to think about the intersection between raga the music of Jimi Hendrix after seeing a photograph of Jimi in the front row of an Indian music concert, his mouth agape in awe of what he was experiencing.
One day a student of mine was having difficulty improvising over the chord changes in "Purple Haze," and I had the idea that the techniques learned by studying Indian music would help my student to improvise more effectively.
An Indian raga is a melodic recipe for a mood: a "super scale" using a set of notes in ascending and descending order, a hierarchy of note importance, and a key phrase that shows the heart of the movement of the raga. I was inspired to create a modern raga based on the guitar solo in "Purple Haze." Before I explain how to use this raga to create your own music that is tonally related to Hendrix's solo, some explanation of the Indian system of music is necessary.
North Indian raga uses a system of solfeggio (i.e "do, re, mi, fa, so, la, ti, do") known as sargam with seven note names per octave, starting with Sa (the tonic and main drone note) followed by Re (2), Ga (3), ma (4), Pa (5), Dha (6) and Ni (7). Indian music does not utilize the concept of perfect pitch where absolute note values are recognized. Sa can be set to any note, and is normally set to the most convenient place for the instrumentalist or vocalist. Just as in Western music, there are 12 main tones per octave, but there are also microtonal ornaments similar to the use of quarter tones in the blues. Indian raga uses a non-tempered tuning system where Sa and Pa are tuned a perfect just fifth apart. The other notes are close to the Western just tuning system, but the tuning of individual notes can vary from raga to raga. The word komal refers to the minor or flat version of a note, shuddh refers the natural or major version, and tivra refers to sharp or augmented version. Sa (1) and Pa (5) cannot be modified. Re (2), Ga (3) Dha (6) and Ni (7) can be either shuddh Re (M2), Ga (M3) Dha (M6) or Ni (M7), which correspond to the Western major intervals, or komal re (m2), ga (m3) dha (m6) or ni (m7), which correspond to the Western minor intervals. The note ma (4) can be either shuddh ma (P4), the natural perfect 4th, or tivra Ma (#4), which corresponds to the Western augmented fourth. In a common North Indian notation system, capital letter abbreviations are used for the version of the note that is highest in pitch and lower case letters for the note version lowest in pitch. For example, using this notation system, this is how a Western chromatic scale would be written:
S r R g G m M P d D n N S
Purple Raga
To improvise within Purple Raga, one should first practice the ascending and descending scales. Notice that the patterns zig zag: they don't simply go straight up and down a scale. This allows a raga to prescribe more than simply a mode and to include melodic instruct...
Click here to read the rest of the article from Guitar Player


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So, this is the post where I'm going to answer those questions that I'm being asked most frequently, like these, that I found at my e-mail or in the comments:
Are you happy with your painted cabinets? Jill
Do the paint stay on and not chip off? Are they too hard to maintain? Amscon
How the paint job on the cabinets has held up with daily use? Rochelle
Linked party at:
My uncommon Slice of Suburbia, Coastal Charm, A Stroll Thru Life, Savvy Southern Style, French Country Cottage, Thrifty Decor Chick, Between Naps on the Porch, Funky Junk Interiors, Home Stories A to Z, Stone Gable, Tatertotandjello, The 36th Avenue,


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Lowepro Rover AW II. Our popular, two-compartment backpack has adjustable harness, CollarCut™ shoulder straps, sternum strap, waistbelt, and load-adjustment straps. Stow camera gear in the bottom compartment; outerwear and lunch in the top. Bungee cord web provides stability and additional storage; attachment loops take optional SlipLock™ accessories. Center divider folds away to create a single compartment — just remove the padded camera insert to use as a traditional backpack. Includes All Weather Cover™, pull-out tripod holder and side mesh pockets.
Type: Backpack, All Weather
Available Colors: Black, Gray
Outer Fabric: Water-resistant 600D TXP™ ripstop and 2000D ballistic nylon
Type of Closure: Zipper, quick release buckle
Capacity: Large pro SLR with lens attached, 2-4 additional lenses up to 80–200mm f/2.8 and accessories
Interior Dimensions of Top Compartment (W x D x H): 28 x 14 x 28 cm / 11 x 5.5 x 11 in.
Interior Dimensions of Bottom Compartment (W x D x H): 28 x 14 x 25.5 cm / 11 x 5.5 x 10 in.
Exterior Dimensions (W x D x H): Unspecified
Weight: 2 kg / 4.5 lb
Notes: Keep your expensive lens safe with the patented All Weather Cover™; The Rover AW II is an easy-to-carry backpack with a Tripod Mount to carry your tripod upright for better balance
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Registered: October 2005
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Lowepro Rover AW II review by aryko
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Excellent capacity and modular options
Hard to describe. Read review.
I was looking for a bag that offered camera and lens carrying and protection, and general cargo carrying capacity. I found it in the Rover AW; part of the street and field system, it is somewhat cumbersome to configure and get used to, but once you do, it is very useful overall.
The lower section contains camera gear, while the top section is aimed at general cargo, with a zippered weatherproof pocket, and two additional pockets. There are two mesh pockets on the sides, a pocket on the front, and a fold-out tripod section in front of the front pocket.
This bag differs from other Lowepro cargo/camera packs in that the separation between camera and cargo sections can be removed, allowing you to use it as one large cargo or camera bag. In addition, the entire camera section can be removed as a single unit.
I am currently using the bag to carrying a digital body (with portrait grip) and three lenses, a flash and various accessories. I typically fill up the cargo section with items for hiking: food, clothes, water. In addition, by reconfiguring the way the camera section is separated from the cargo section, I can slide a 12" laptop inbetween both.
There are some very small points I can complain about. At times, it would be useful to be able to separate the cargo compartment from the camera compartment; more recent versions of Lowepro bags of this variety can separate.
I wish there was some rubber on the bottom of the bag to keep it from moving around on slick surfaces, particularly when I'm changing lenses.
Other than that, when combined with the S&F straps and waistbelt, it is perfect for carrying around both camera gear and general purpose gear, and distributing the load extremely well when the straps are properly fitted.
In addition, as of December 2006, the bag conforms to the small carry-on bag size on North American flights.
Registered: December 2006
Posts: 12
Lowepro Rover AW II review by aalto
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Extremely comfortable carrying, well designed
Tripod system, top/bottom separation system
A good bag if you fancy the capacity. The bag has about the same capacity that a bit big shoulder bag has, but while a shoulder bag with equal amount of gear would probably have you crying for mommy after a small walk, you can carry this bag all day long, its simply the most comfy carrying system ive trried so far on a camera backpack. But then again, if gear access is you main concern, then a shoulder bag is more convenient. My gear in this bag has mostly been two sb800 flashes, a d70 with a 50mm f1.8, a tokina 12-24, a 12" powerbook, lunch and a bottle of water, plus a tripod on the outside. Easily 8 kg of gear, which i carry around for atleast 2 hours every day. no problem. Note that the pack doesnt really have a notebook pocket, but a 12" will fit against your back in the bottom part. Bigger laptops will fit, but then youll have to sacrifice som space from the top compartment as well.
The things i would like to whine about is that the separator between the top and bottom is attached with velcro and can be removed or only partially attached, which is good if you have a bigger laptop you want to bring along, but is pretty irritating if you have something small in the top compartment, which will eventually find a way in one of the corners to the bottom compartment.
The other thing is the tripod system, while it gives access to your gear, its bulky and you cant get the all weather cover to, well, cover, the whole the thing. So if its starts to rain when your out, you have to carry you tripod in your hand if you want the cover on.
All in all, if you like the way a bottom/top pack works and the capacity is okay, go ahead, its a comfy, well designed pack.
This document copyright © 2009-2018, SLRgear.com, all rights reserved.


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Update: Added a Blizzcon 2012 follow-up post by Bashiok and other news.
No BlizzCon in 2012 - Battle.net World Championship
Blizzcon 2012 Follow-up
Fan Art
The World of Warcraft Fan Art Section has been updated with six new pieces of fan artwork.
The MMO Report has SWTOR, TERA, and Mail Bag this week!


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BZFlag is a 3D, multiplayer, tank battle zone, capture the flag game that pits players against each other in a networked environment. It runs on Windows 95/98/NT/2000, Linux, MacOS 10.x, Irix, Solaris, and others. An OpenGL accelerator is highly recommended, but it is playable with 3D in software.
Cadaver is a simulated world of cyborgs and nature in realtime. The battlefield consists of forests, grain, water, grass, carcass (of course) and lots of other things. The game server manages the game and the rules. You start a server and connect some clients. The clients communicate with the server using a very primitive protocol. They can order cyborgs to harvest grain, attack enemies or cut forest. The game is not intended to be played by humans! Instead the idea is that you write artificial intelligence clients to beat the other artificial intelligences.
Freeciv is a multiuser reimplementation for Unix/X of the famous Microprose game of Civilization. By default, the game is an improved Civ II, but this can be customized; modpacks for near-100% compatibility with Civ I and Civ II are included. Multiuser gameplay is real-time: in each turn, all human players move concurrently. The game is designed to remain fairly playable even on poor network connections. Freeciv can also be played on standalone machines, and its AI players are a good challenge for beginners. The source code comes with the server, two X clients, and non-X clients for MS Windows and Amiga. Freeciv is released under the GNU General Public License. It is maintained by an international team of coders and enthusiasts, and is easily one of the most fun and addictive network games out there.
Netrek is a 16-player two-dimensional graphical real-time battle simulation with a Star Trek theme. A game is divided into two teams of 8 players (or fewer), who dogfight each other and attempt to conquer each other's planets. Netrek is the probably the first video game which can accurately be described as a "sport". It has more in common with basketball than with arcade games or Quake. Its vast and expanding array of tactics and strategies allows for many different play styles; the best players are the ones who think fastest, not necessarily the ones who twitch most effectively.
A file integrity daemon with support for centralized monitoring.
A simple OCR application for Android.


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2012-2013 US Youth Soccer National League Girls wrap up play in Orlando, Fla.
January 2, 2013 09:44 PM
Eight teams solidify berths to National Championships
Day 3 of 3 complete
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ORLANDO, Fla. (Jan. 2, 2013) –
The US Youth Soccer National League Under-15, Under-16, Under-17 and Under-18 Girls competing this weekend solidified their season standings today at ESPN's Wide World of Sports Soccer Complex in Orlando, Fla. Four of the league's eight teams per division competed this weekend. The remaining four teams per division will compete in Las Vegas, Nev., alongside the Player's College Showcase March 15-17, where league standings will be finalized.
Eight teams solidify berths to National Championships
Day 3 of 3 complete
Scores and Standings [
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ORLANDO, Fla. (Jan. 2, 2013) –
The US Youth Soccer National League Under-15, Under-16, Under-17 and Under-18 Girls competing this weekend solidified their season standings today at ESPN's Wide World of Sports in Orlando, Fla. Four of the league's eight teams per division competed this weekend. The remaining four teams per division will compete in Las Vegas, Nev., alongside the Player's College Showcase March 15-17, where league standings will be finalized.
The top two finishers per division earn a spot at the 2013
US Youth Soccer National Championships
, the oldest and most prestigious National Championship in the country, and the four National League representatives will join the four Regional Champions in the Under-15 through Under-18 age groups. Eight girls teams were able to secure a top-two finish this weekend, while the rest will have to wait until March to see how the remaining games play out.
2013 US Youth Soccer National Championship Girls Qualifiers
Tampa Bay United 97 Premier (FL)
Eclipse Elite USYSA Black 97-98 (IL)
Match Fit Chelsea Colchesters (NJ)
Match Fit Chelsea Beat (NJ)
Red Champion:
BRYC 95 Elite (VA)
Lou Fusz Wipke (MO)
Red Champion:
Team Chicago Academy Botafogo (IL)
Red Runner-up:
VSA Heat Blue (VA)
Match Fit Chelsea (NJ) had two teams qualify for the 2012-2013 National League season, both of which advanced to the 2011 National Championships, U-17 Beat via the National League and U-16 Colchesters as Region I Champions, and both have earned a spot in the league each year since their U-15 season. In 2013, both teams will again make the trip to Nationals, as both secured a top-two finish in their division.
Under-17 Match Fit Chelsea Beat were in great position coming to Orlando with three wins and a draw, but two 0-0 ties left them needing to defeat PWSI Courage 95 Gold (VA) in order to secure at least a second place finish. A second half goal gave Beat the win they needed and Match Fit Girls Director of Coaching, Dominick Bucci, recognized what an accomplishment it is to qualify out of the National League after coming up short last year.
"This is our third year in the National League. The first year we qualified for the National Championships through the National League, which was great, but last year we didn't. We finished second so that was a bit of a bad taste in our mouths. To come back this year and qualify back into Nationals is what we set as a goal for ourselves at the beginning of the year. This is the best league in the country, so we're happy to be apart of it. The two events have been great and we positioned ourselves to get into the National Championships.
"I think every game is difficult in this league. Every team deserves to be in here, they earned their way in here, and every team competes to the end. So, every game for us was very, very difficult. The coaching, the players and like I said, I think this is the best league in the country, and for us to qualify for the National Championships through the National League is a testament to our players."
The Match Fit Beat team was not only determined to get back for a chance at the National Championship, but benefitted from their success with players already
committing to collegiate programs
such as American, Kansas, Lehigh, Maryland and Seton Hall.
"The amount of coaches that are coming out to watch these players, our players are going to some of the top school in the country, in terms of soccer, they're getting identified through this league. So, we couldn't be happier with the amount of coaches and where these girls are ending up. And for us, that's the most important thing, that we can get them into the best possible schools."
Under-15 Eclipse Elite USYSA Black (IL) wrapped up their ticket to the National Championships yesterday, and Eclipse Select SC Head Coach Rory Dames discussed the level of competition and the benefits for his players to compete in the National League with the possibility to earn a chance to play for the National Championship. Two players from the U-15 Eclipse Black team were called into U.S. National Team camps in October. Overall, 16 current National League girls players were invited into National Team camps in 2012.
"I think for player development, they have to continue to play in competitions that take them out of their comfort zone and that have something on the line that requires them to have to play under some sort of pressure. When there's something on the line, and you can get players into those types of competitions, it's definitely going to increase their development."
Dames sees that progression of earning their way into the National League and possibly to the National Championships as something he wants his players to experience, and give them a taste of what it means to play for something important.
"You're going on to the next stage of events. They have to prepare for it and they have to put the time in prior to going there to have a chance to be successful. So, anytime it requires the players to have to set goals and have a plan and follow through on the plan leading up to something, I think it's a great life lesson for them and again, continuing with their development, having to play in situations that matter.
"It's always nice for the players to be recognized for what they've accomplished and be in a room with other players who have accomplished the same thing. The opportunity to see the trophies
(at National Championships Player Luncheon)
and the names that are on the trophies, it's good for them to see the history of the event they're competing in. From a developmental standpoint, to have to be able to go into an event like that and deal with all the outside circumstances besides soccer and still stay focused on the task at hand will go along way for these players and preparing them to go on and play in college and whatever else they choose to do with soccer in their life."
Under-18 Team Chicago Academy Botafogo put on a
record performance
this season. After claiming the Region II Championship last year, but falling short of the National Championship game, Team Chicago became just the third girls team in the history of the league to finish with a perfect 7-0-0 record. In doing so, Team Chicago scored 23 goals, the second best mark from a team, and conceded just three.
Botafogo has three National Team pool members and 17 players have committed to play collegiate soccer, 10 of which are headed to programs that advanced to the 2012 Division I NCAA Tournament. Botafogo commitments include schools such as Illinois, Kentucky, Louisville, Miami (Fla.), Ohio State, UCLA, Wake Forest and West Virginia. The team looks poised to challenge for the National Championship after a perfect National League record that included knocking off the defending National Champs.
The National League is an extension of the highly successful US Youth Soccer Regional Leagues (Region I Premier League, Midwest Regional League, Region III Premier League and Far West Regional League). The National League provides an avenue for teams to play in meaningful matches against top competition from across the country for continued development. In addition to recruiting opportunities, National League teams compete for the league title and two slots per division to the annual
US Youth Soccer National Championships
National League action will resume March 15-17 alongside the Player's College Showcase in Las Vegas, where final standings will be decided. Complete standings, scores and schedules, including goal scorers and match information, can be found at the results page
. Click on the score of each game for more information.
Keep up with the National League all season:
National League Home:
Schedule and results:
You Tube:


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The transmission does not have one set of clutches for even gears and one set for odd gears so that the gear is already pre-selected for practically instant shifts. The advantage it does have though is in torque handling capability and as with the M157 engines that generate a good amount of torque the upcoming M177 twin turbo V8's output has Mercedes sticking with their tried and true 7G Speedshift trans.
What is likely to happen is a similar scenario that the M156/M159 experienced in that the 63 AMG cars get the MCT trans whereas the higher end SLS AMG received a dual clutch gearbox. The M178 V8 that is based on the M177 but going into the AMG GT sports car that will battle the Porsche 911 will likely get a dual clutch box and have power sent to the rear wheels.
The C63 may then have all wheel drive just like the CLA45 AMG little brother and the E63 AMG big brother. The CLA though does route its power through a dual clutch transmission but this is due to having a motor half the size of what will be under the C63 AMG's hood. The lack of a dual clutch is disappointing but due to the displacement advantage on its rivals this will not be a major performance disadvantage.