text:
Writing Advice…Past Tense or Present Tense?
Emma Darwin teaches creative writing and is currently working on her third novel. We asked her if she could outline the advantages and disadvantages of Present Tense and Past Tense in writing.
It's one of the apparently simple, but huge, decisions you have to make, right at the beginning: will your main narrative be in past tense, or present tense? It is always possible to change your mind later, but it can be anything between a nuisance and a nightmare. So it's well worth thinking hard, and looking at how writers you admire work with both, before you start.
I'll nail my colours to the mast: I've always felt that past tense is how stories are told. After all, a story you're telling has already happened, either in real life, or in your imagination. Present tense is powerful, but its power is also its limitation.
And now I know why I feel as I do, thanks to David Jauss's essay, "Remembrance of Things Present", in his marvellous book, On Writing Fiction: rethinking conventional wisdom about the craft. Some of these thoughts come from his much fuller exploration of how and why present tense works, and why it's become the default for many writers and editors: do track his book down.
Past tense – the advantages
- Manipulating time: a year in a sentence or a day in 600 pages, a story told backwards or inside-out or from both ends inwards.
- Flexibility of pace: you can quite naturally change speed and gear in narrating events
- Creating suspense: we know there is a future to this story (because it's being told from there): it's a mystery but not a blank. The narrator can even hint at or tell bits of it.
- Backstory and flashbacks are much easier to handle because there are so many more kinds of past tense than present tense.
- Characterisation is easier and potentially deeper when you can handle the Then and Now of your story so fluently.
- Narrator and actor in the story are separated by time, even if they're the same character; free indirect style comes naturally, to help evoke voice, character and consciousness.
- Past tense sets the action in the wider context of people and their pasts and futures, so there's scope for dramatic irony and greater understanding.
Past tense – the drawbacks
- The events of the story are over: the reader knows it, and knows that the narrator, at least, probably didn't die.
- It's easy to slip into telling rather than showing: informing the reader, where you should be evoking the minute-by-minute tension of action.
- Handling past tenses is trickier for novices, because there are more to choose from, and the had had problem with flashbacks needs a bit of thought.
- Combined with third person it's easy for learner-writers to slip into a rather distant, bland narrative style, remote in psychic distance, so we never really experience things as the characters do.
Present tense – the advantages
- Immediacy: the story is projected into the reader's "now".
- Realism in time: the action is continuous and forward-moving, as it is in real life.
- Disorientation: the stream of one-thing-after-another-after-
another suits any narrative where the point-of-view character is disoriented.
- The eternal present suits characters who forget or repress their past and future, and stories where the theme is the evanescence of the present.
- Defamiliarisation: when present tense was a rarely-used technique (Dickens used it, but after that no one much till the 1950s) its effect was strange and estranging.
- It simplifies handling tenses: mostly just simple and continuous present to grapple with.
- Combined with first person, present tense closes the gap between narrator and actor: what the actor is experiencing is all that the narrator can know.
Present tense – the drawbacks
- Immediacy is also inflexibility: the narrative proceeds at the speed of the physical action, there's not much scope for expanding and compressing, and time-shifts are awkward or abrupt.
- Realism in time puts the focus on immediate experience, not wider context and understanding.
- Realism in time tends to include trivia of action and setting which with past tense you could skim over at will.
- Tension can only be created by the future being a blank, so there's less scope for suspense and dramatic irony.
- Unless you can convincingly pause the action, exposition and flashbacks have to be dumped into the flow of action like a stone. This tends to limit the scope for depth of backstory and the subtle characterisation that can result.
- Free indirect style is much more awkward to handle and much less effective, since there's no difference between the narrative tense and the tense of the actors' voices and thought.
- By being eternally in the present, the narrative "takes the story out of time": it loses touch with the sense of how the past pushes us onwards and makes us act.
- Combined with first person, there's less scope for narration that works with the wider implications of what's happening, unless the character actually stops and thinks.
- Combined with first person, the fact that a character is both narrator and actor in the present creates a sense of detachment from the events: some of "I" must be observing, while the rest is experiencing.
Then, of course, there's the narrative which works with both past and present tense, either switching between separate chunks, or in one continuous thread (as with the different structures of Then-and-Now in the three threads of A Secret Alchemy). The logical way is to use present tense for the most recent sections, and past tense for those further back in time.
But the reverse might work even better: the disoriented feel of present tense can make it perfect for memories, while the more solidly-anchored past tense can make it perfect for the more sophisticated relationship to time that a main narrative needs. In other words, because past and present tense have such different effects on the experience of the story, you'd be mad to make sweeping assumptions about either, or refuse to use it. You need both.
Emma Darwin was born in London and studied Drama at university. After various jobs including publishing social work books, driving a sandwich van and selling musical instruments, her first novel The Mathematics of Love was published in 2006 and was shortlisted for the Commonwealth Writers Best First Book, and other prizes. Her bestselling second novel, A Secret Alchemy, was part of a PhD which explored the writing of historical fiction. She's now writing her third novel, and teaching Creative Writing for the Open University and elsewhere.
Follow her on twitter @emma_darwin and visit her website www.emmadarwin.com
Category: Contemporary Women Writers, How To and Tips, On Writing
Comments (35)
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Sites That Link to this Post
- Who's Driving This Story? – The Writer's Journal | August 26, 2015
- When Writing About A Novel What Tense Use | Bredar Brader | May 15, 2015
- Emma Darwin | Links from the Purple Chair | January 1, 2014
- Featuring Women Writers on WWWB 2013 - Women Writers, Women Books | December 30, 2013
- Best Writing Advice in 30 Seconds - Women Writers, Women Books | December 3, 2013
Thanks, Emma, this is great. I tend to work instinctively on tense (and other things) rather than thinking it through. I spent so many years studying literature that if I start to think it through I find my writing gets stiff and academic. So it's fascinating to see it laid out so clearly from the point of view of the fiction writer.
I'm a big fan of the immediacy of present tense, both reading it and writing it.
thanks for a great summary of pros and cons
Thank you for this post. I am a novice writer and I am currently writing my first novel in first person, present tense. I did not choose to write the novel in present tense, the tense chose me. Naturally I prefer writing in third person, past tense, but it simply will not work for this novel.
Some of the flaws with present tense that I have read about, I can overcome fairly easily. My novel is dystopian, and the main character is rebellious and already somewhat "detached" from the society around her. She lives in a unique society which is, at the very least, interesting to observe. Nobody in this society, not even the more intelligent members or most of the authoritative figures, have a true sense of 'the bigger picture' or what is actually going on. An essential theme is that the protagonist most figure it out for herself, which works very well for present tense. A sense of the past does exist, but it is due to flashbacks. These memories are essential foreshadowing to the rest of my story. I have found that in order for the flashbacks to work, I have to make it so that not much action is happening or create an entirely new chapter, which, I admit, has proven annoying.
Overall, there are two main reasons why I chose to write my novel in present tense. The first reason is that the heroine dies at the end of the novel, so it would not make much sense for her to be retelling the story in past tense. Third person wasn't really an option for me because I feel as though being intimate with the heroine is vital for this particular story. The second reason is that my story seems actually more effective when the character does not know what is going on around her or in the future. Although she is rebellious, the society in which she lives in hinders any attempts to learn more about the world around them, so she starts off as being somewhat ignorant. As the novel progresses, she becomes more intellectual and mature.
Although this has proven to be a difficult tense to pull off, especially for an amateur writer such as myself, I know that my novel would not be as efficient any other way. These tips proved helpful and has made me rethink some of my writing so far, so thank you.
You're welcome, Katie, and sorry I haven't got back to you till now. It sounds as if you've discovered the advantages of present tense, but also the drawbacks. I think writing any story is partly a process of making decisions about how to tell it, and then coping with the consequences of those decisions: everything has some pros, and some cons!
Oh goodness, this a real dilemma. Your article is so damn good it has literally thrown my former stubbornness into disarray. I am a new author working on my first book. I'm just about to start what I hope will be my final rewrite before submitting it for publication, and guess what? Its all in present tense.
You've summed up perfectly why I love present tense. I feel real, vivid and like I am immersed in the story. However, your points against it are also very strong and I can see what you mean. However, I've always found writing (and reading) in past tense a real stumbling block to my imagination. Its like I cannot see it, because it doesn't seem worth the effort if the story is already finished. Your article has made me reevaluate all of these assumptions.
I really don't know what to do now. Thank you very much though.
Heidi, apologies for throwing you into disarray! I do think that the thing which instinctively shows up on the page is very often the right thing … at least for this project.
But I do think that it's worth understanding the drawbacks, as well as the advantages, of whatever approach you take, so you can cope with those drawbacks. And, of course, a different project may need a different approach.
Really sccinctly analysed. I felt the difference but had never broken it down like that before, thank you.
Moira, you're welcome (and sorry it's taken me so long to get back to you). As you say, the difference is as much about feel as about logic.
I just wanted to let you know how helpful this post was to me and that I recommended it on my blog for other beginning writers.
So glad it was useful, Kelly, and thanks for the share!
nice article! thanks for sharing your views and giving precious advice.
You're welcome.
Hi Emma,
Great article! I've often been conflicted about which tense to use in my stories. My two novels have been about historical events, so the past tense, lends itself well to my work. I've also found flashback to be an effective technique. Like you,I believe stories should be told in the past tense. Working with present tense, can be a challenging endeavor.
Yes, I think present tense, which seems so simple and straightforward, can land you in problems when you actually try to work in it.
Great post bookmarked and shared.
Glad you liked it, Julie. Thanks for the sharing.
Great post, Emma! I'm pretty much wedded to past tense – like you, I feel that's how stories are told, and it's what comes naturally to me. However, you've inspired me to try using present tense for flashbacks in something I'm working on at the moment. Disorientation is precisely the effect that's required in the flashbacks, and I think it could work really well. Thank you!
You're welcome, Clodagh! Sounds like a good idea you've got there.
Good post, Emma.
I write in both, although I admit to being frustrated with an endless stream of people telling me I shouldn't write present tense before they've read the story. I leave it to the story to tell me whether it should be past or present.
Yes, that's what it comes down to in the end, isn't it: if you've really got an understanding of how each works, then the story can drive your decisions, and you can follow.
Really great post, pinning down the pros and cons of each in the literary sense and the impact each has on the way the story is told. It might be worth adding that some agents I've spoken to recently have said they're finding the use of present tense has been a bit overdone over the last few years, especially in YA. I asked one agent at the Festival of Writing in York if they'd seen any really good novels in their 1-1s. Her response was, 'Argh. What is it with all this present tense?'
Debi, isn't that interesting about the agent. And, actually, I'm not surprised. Present tense narratives still have a very strong flavour, even if it's lost the shock-value it had twenty years ago, and like any strong flavour, after a while it gets too much, and you want to go back to good old plain vanilla…
I have a distaste for present tense, as well. It seems to be in fashion lately with the YA stories, but I'm not particularly keen on YA stories on the whole, either. It just feels immature to me, without enough thought. Yes, it's immediate and makes things seem more exciting, but I want stories with more meat on their bones.
It's probably my personal preference. I just finished Divergent, and it raised a lot of moral questions and thus had "meat on its bones." Yet I can't say I felt it was super-awesome-great… Maybe it was the tense, and my own personal preference.
I did use present tense for a flashback-type scene in my fantasy, to disorient the reader because my 1st person MC is disoriented by it.
Samantha – yes, I agree that when present tense isn't working, it's often because of that unreflective, headlong, one-thing-after-another rush that can't and doesn't stop to let things percolate. As Jauss suggests, it restricts the scope of what the story can do and say.
Lovely post! I have to say, it especially helps me in terms of commenting on the work of others and nailing down a feeling I never quite knew how to express (or whether it was a real thing).
"Combined with third person it's easy for learner-writers to slip into a rather distant, bland narrative style, remote in psychic distance, so we never really experience things as the characters do."
This is very, very true and something to look out for. I've seen it so many times.
Personally, I take my choice by scope or theme. Big plot, lots of characters and places, I'll most likely go with past tense. Small plot, few characters who talk a lot and think a lot – I'll be more drawn to present tense (combined with first person).
Laila, I do think you're right that it's a case of horses for courses. And present tense works for Wolf Hall, in the sense that the writing's so astonishing that I stopped caring about the drawbacks of present tense.
thanks for this well argued assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of Past and Present tense.
As the piece above shows, there is no right answer to the question, and sometimes I've rewritten a piece for tense before making a call. But I am talking short fiction and yes with a novel its not one you'd like to have to fix if you changed your mind. I'd love to know what you think about writers who swap between past and present without (in some cases at least) an easy to define logic for the tense changes (sometimes within the same scene)? The only immediate example that comes to mid is Douglas Coupland but there may be others…
Lane, you're welcome. Re swapping mid-scene… I know I've read it done well quite recently (example escapes me – not enough caffeine yet this morning), but I think I'd feel quite a subjective judgement about whether it worked or not – if I'm overall being caught up and convinced by a piece, then I'd assume they did it on purpose, and look for why – what shift of concsciousness it's embodying. If the piece isn't working on my in the wider sense, I'd just reckon it was an error or a mis-judgement.
Very good blog and explication of the problem of tenses.
Glad you approve, Jean!


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Awkwardness and Hello Kitty underwear
Published 2:43 am, Tuesday, January 24, 2012
Hi there.
So, one of my New Year's resolutions, besides the obvious "lose-all-that-weight-I-gained-while-consuming-enough-to-feed-a-small-third-world-country" one, is to say what I'm really feeling.
While this resolution sounded pretty good in my head, it doesn't go over so well in real life. Mostly for two reasons: 1) I'm in high school, a regulation which, contrary to popular belief, was not created to give a higher education to kids, but rather to make you feel like a freak and have mean girls make fun of the way your butt looks and 2) I'm really awkward.
I'm not gonna say that I wasn't already somewhat socially challenged before I came into home school, but spending the day with your cat and your mom doesn't exactly make you Miss Teen Congeniality, if you get my drift.
And I can't really do anything about it, so I've just come to accept that fact that my life is one long, awkward moment.
But there has been a recent development in popular media that is kinda sort of making me want to flip over a table: The "awkward" teens are now being pushed as the "it" thing to be.
Seriously, everyone is just going around being like "OMG, I'm just so awkward," "majorly awkward," "Hey punch me in the face because I'm so awkward hahaha lol" and then everyone congratulates them over it, like it's some sort of prize to be "awkward." And I'm like no, no, that's not how it works in the real world.
You wanna know what's awkward? Going into a fancy restaurant and having all the ladies in the rest room wait on you in the one available stall because you're too scared to accidentally fart in front of them. Did anyone congratulate me? No, they just tapped their glittery little fancy shoes and thought rude little fancy thoughts about me.
Awkward is me and my sister running into a building with a giant Weird Al sign thinking that we were at a Weird Al concert when in reality we just ended up in the middle of a quinceneara. Did anyone go "OMG, that's sooo great"!?! No, but I did get viciously laughed at by a bunch of Mexicans and a baby in a sombrero.
So yeah, you can imagine my anger over the fact that people are just throwing around the word "awkward" like it's some kind of trophy to be bragged about. It's not. It's something that people like me have to deal with every day.
Us, the kids who will accidentally ask our friends about their pet guinea pig that has been dead for two years. Us, the kids who will blurt out in the middle of dinner conversation that their cat projectile vomited on them that day. Us, the kids who will accidentally flash some random people with our Hello Kitty underwear as our pants rip whilst walking up the stairs.
We awkward children will bear this burden, and we will bear it modestly, with patience and probably a lot of emotional scarring.
But don't you normal people mock us with your warped sense of a socially unacceptable situation. You've never seen the dark side, you and your friends and your perfect hair that never stood up on end after accidentally electrocuting yourself in stage band. You will never know the pain of a truly, truly awkward situation, and you should be grateful, and just enjoy your normal, happy little lives.
And so, ladies and gentlemen, I leave you with this piece of advice: Always bring spare pants, and make sure the seams around the butt area are sturdy and intact.
Amy Ontai is a high school junior who is being home-schooled.

subset: commoncrawl


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Mariel Hemingway on Nature, Divinity & Love
Mariel has two recent creative endeavors in the world— Running From Crazy, an amazing documentary film about Mariel Hemingway's family history and how she's healing, and Running With Nature, a book she wrote with her partner in life and in love, Bobby Williams. And I relate to both!
For a good part of my life, I was running from the abuse and sorrow of my teen life. Through some synchronistic events (a friend giving me Out on a Limb by Shirley MacLaine for starters) I found myself understanding my past in a spiritual/psychic way. That lead to many epiphanies and an expanded awareness which ultimately led to the Divine. That awareness shifted my perspective and taught me to stop running with pain and begin running with a spiritual life. Whew!
And what does that have to do with Love? Everything! The Divine is the omnipresent, omnipotent Love force of our Universe. That epiphany came to me as a remembering at my first LaHo~Chi session and brought me to a place of peace that I had not felt on this Earth before.
Mariel Hemingway shared her thoughts on Divinity and Love with me…. and I couldn't think of a better way to celebrate relationships (while this interview took place around Valentine's Day, it is relevant to any day)! It includes a beautiful message of love written by Bobby that Mariel reads for us!)
So no matter what day it is, celebrate Love. Whether it's with a life partner, a friend, a parent, a child, an animal, with Mother Earth herself or a Higher Power of your understanding, celebrate because the Divine Loves you for who you are. And who you are is someone that no one else can be on this Earth, ever.
Mariel and her life partner, Bobby, celebrate with Mother Earth every day with mindful practices around food, exercise, each other and ultimately with the world.
If you have a few minutes, I hope you'll watch Mariel's Running from Crazy video trailer on the next page.
To learn more about Mariel Hemingway go to MarielHemingway.com.


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|Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister
search and replace plus counterby Harkers (Initiate)
|on Sep 20, 2013 at 10:12 UTC ( #1054992=perlquestion: print w/replies, xml )
|Need Help??
Harkers has asked for the
wisdom of the Perl Monks concerning the following question:
Hi, I'm completely new to PERL so sorry if this is a stupid question. What I want to happen is have text $oldstr replaced with $newstr and a counter (so $newstr text 1, 2, 3 for each instance of replacement) across a batch of files in a particular folder (although I'm only working on one file directly as yet). One of the problems I'm having is the counter is including the lines in between, so my replacement text is $newstr text 3, 9 11 etc. How do I get the counter to only add 1 when the $oldstr is found and replaced by the $newstr? any help much appreciated
Back to Seekers of Perl Wisdom


text: On Thursday 23 June 2005 04:31, Skip Montanaro wrote: > I was trying to help someone access python installs via > yum: Error getting file > >http://python.org/pyvault/fedora/1/i386/stable/headers/python22-tkinter-0-2.2.3-2.1.fc1.pyv.i386.hdr > > > http://www.python.org/pyvault/fedora/2/i386/stable/headers/header.info > has: > 0:python22-tkinter-2.2.3-2.1.fc2.pyv.i386=RPMS/python22-tkinter-2.2.3 > -2.1.fc2.pyv.i386.rpm > > but the file is clearly: > > http://www.python.org/pyvault/fedora/2/i386/stable/headers/python22-t > kinter-0-2.2.3-4.1.fc2.pyv.i386.hdr > > (notice the 2.1 versus 4.1) > > I figured that for once this miiight be a webmaster > issue, but otherwise please forward this message to the > pyvault maintainer. Norman: Thanks for taking a look at PyVault. I regenerated the yum headers for that directory. Try again in an hour or so after it rsyncs up to python.org. I'm still working on some infrastructure for PyVault to help with maintaining it and building it. So, some of these directories have gone unmaintained. In the future, I plan on only supporting Fedora 3 and 4, and CentOS 3.5 and 4. Also, albeit controversial, I think I'll only support xml metadata which yum 2.2+ and smart support. This means old yum and apt will not be supported. The complexity of generating 3 kinds of metadata is not fun to deal with. take care, -- -jeff


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In 2007 Pfizer (PFE) formed a partnership with Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMY) to develop the anti-coagulant drug "Eliquis" that reduces blood clotting. In this partnership, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers share the profits 60:40 respectively. The FDA approved this drug in late 2012 and both companies are now moving ahead to develop supplements to treat patients more effectively.
Anti-Coagulant drug-the future blockbuster drug
After receiving the approval for Eliquis, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb in July, 2013 also received the acceptance by the FDA for review of Eliquis Supplemental New Drug Application, or sNDA. This is an application that enables the company to innovate or make changes in a drug that has already been approved. The FDA will be giving its decision regarding this application on March 15, 2014. Eliquis is used to treat venous thromboembolism, or VTE patients and its sNDA will enable it to prevent the probability of deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, a blood clot in veins, in the adult patients who are operated for their hip or knee replacement surgery.
It is also able to treat pulmonary embolism, or PE, a blood clot blocking in the main artery of the lung, which can be fatal. After the six month Phase III AMPLIFY trial of this drug on 5,395 patients, the company found Eliquis to be up to 69% more efficient compared to "warfarin" therapy, which is used for reducing a major bleeding problem in adult patients who have undergone hip or knee replacement surgery. The AMPLIFY trial is a randomized, multicenter trial to evaluate the efficacy of Eliquis in treating VTE and PE patients
On August 31, 2013, the sub-analysis of 30-day Eliquis Phase II ARISTOTLE trial results were declared, which evaluate the safety and efficacy of Eliquis in preventing strokes in comparison to warfarin. This trial Phase showed consistent reduction in strokes with less bleeding and a reduction in overall fatalities. The patients dosed with warfarin had a two times higher rate of major bleeding and death during the 30-day period compared to Eliquis.
Additionally, Eliquis also reduces the probability of strokes by 21%, major bleeding by 31%, and mortality by 11%. It is expected that VTE is prevalent in nearly 40%-60% patients who have undergone knee or orthopedic surgery. We expect Eliquis will enable both companies to build their presence in the VTE market and can be considered as a blockbuster drug. Biotechnological analysts expect Eliquis has a peak sales potential of $4.2 billion by 2017. After reporting such significant results, we believe Eliquis is capable of achieving higher than expected sales and will improve the companies' financials. Eliquis also received approval for treating hypertension patients. We expect these dual benefits will foster the earnings for both companies and will increase their stock prices too.
On the other hand, in June 2013, the FDA issued "complete response letter" for the sNDA of Johnson & Johnson's (JNJ) "Xarelto" anti-coagulant drug. The FDA issues a complete response letter after the complete evaluation of a drug, and FDA will recommend actions that are necessary to receive final approval. The company received the response letter for this sNDA based on the success of trial Phase III results on 15,526 patients, where Xarelto was able to reduce Cardiovascular Death by over 30%.
ACS occurs when a blood clot blocks the coronary artery, which results in the reduction in blood supply to the heart. This is uncommon, but may result in heart attack or even death. It is estimated that nearly 1.2 million patients in the U.S. are diagnosed with ACS annually. XARELTO® is approved in the U.S. for three indications encompassing six uses:
1. to reduce the risk of strokes and blood clots in people with atrial fibrillation not caused by a heart valve problem
2a. to treat people with deep vein thrombosis and 2b. with pulmonary embolism, and 2c. to reduce the risk of recurrence of DVT or PE;
3a. to reduce the risk of blood clots in the legs and lungs of people who have just had knee replacement surgery and 3b. those who have just had hip replacement surgery.
To date more than 5 million patients globally are treated with Xarelto and more than 2 million have been prescribed for Xarelto in the U.S.
JNJ has also received approval for Xarelto in the U.S. to treat DVT and PE, and it is able to reduce strokes and the recurrent DVT and PE, as the thickening of blood and blood clots cause heart attacks and can be fatal. In May 2013, Xarelto was approved in the European Union to reduce cardiovascular death and strokes in the patients suffering from ACS. The company reported Xarelto sales of $347 million in the first half of 2013 compared to $76 million in the same period last year.
Concluding with fundamentals
Market Cap
Enterprises Value, or EV
Book value per share, or BVPS
$192.3 billion
$192 billion
Bristol-Myers Squibb
$76.6 billion
$76.1 billion
Johnson & Johnson
$253 billion
$239.5 billion
Pfizer's stock has hovered around $29 per share over the last six months with an EV of $192.3 billion and a trailing EV/EBITDA of 7.8, the lowest among the three. This ratio represents the relationship between the company's market value, after adjusting for its cash balance and debt level, compared to its earning capacity. In comparison to the other two companies, Pfizer looks weak. However, we can't ignore the growth opportunities present in the company with its new developments.
Additionally, Pfizer has repurchased shares of worth $8.7 billion since the beginning of the year as of July 2013. It also raised its repurchase authorization by $10 billion, which is in addition to the remaining $3.1 billion authorization. Backed by this repurchase plan, Pfizer increased its EPS guidance from $1.44-$1.59 to $3.07-$3.22. We expect this share repurchase plan, coupled with the expected approval of its new drug application, will boost investors' confidence and may drive the stock price higher than the current level.
On the other hand, Bristol-Myers is topping on all the valuation metrics with an EV/EBITDA of 18.62 and a ROE of 23.14. Bristol-Myers has a strong BVPS of 56.8 times, representing the strong fundamentals present in this company. Meanwhile, J&J has the largest EV and relatively strong fundamentals in terms of EV/EBITDA and ROE and can be considered as an addition to investors' portfolios.
Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article. Fusion Research is a team of equity analysts. This article was written by Satya Prakash, one of our research analysts. We did not receive compensation for this article (other than from Seeking Alpha), and we have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.


text:
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dread disease.
So formidable has catarrh become
that in every city or town of any size
numerous doctors" are to be found who
make the treatment of catarrh a spe
cialty. Of course a great deal of good
is accomplished in this way, but as
yet a comparatively small number of
the people can avail themselves of this
treatment because of the great expense
necessarily attached to it.
THE EYE is often
excruciating and
calls for immediate relief.
will do more for the suffer
er than all the new-fangled
remedies put together.
MITCHELL'S is an old, reli
able SALVE. Price, 25 cts.
Meat smoked in a few hoors with
Mad from hickory wood. Giree floe flavor.
Oluntit, cbeapeat ; f res from insect. Send for
circular. . KKAC8& fe liKtk, UUtva, I'm.
T T x- - nun - ssl
ISAA e The Kind You Have Always
Cures a Congh or Cold at once.
Conquers Croup.Whooping-Cough.
Hoarseness. Bronchitis, Grippe and
Consumption. Mothers praise it. Doctors prescribe iL
Quick, sure results. Get only Dr. Bull's ! Price, 25 cents.
Dr. Bali's Pills curs Constipation. Fifty pills, 10 cts. Trial box. 5 cts.
AKA1N-Curefor Sore,Weak & Inflamed Eyes.
MITCHElXS ft SALVE
makes the use of drugs uNiHEcBs ary. Price, 25 Cents. Druggisfs.
Senator from 'orth Dakota.
Senator from North Dakota, person
To all such people Dr. Hartman's
remedy, Peruna, comes as a great boon.
Not only is it more successful in cur
ing catarrh than the treatment of the
cctarrh specialists, but it is within the
reach of every person in this land.
Peruna can be bought at any drug store,
and is a remedy without equal for
catarrh in all forms, coughs, colds, bron
chitis, consumption, and all climatic
diseases of winter.
Peruna is not a guess, nor an experi
ment; it is an absolute, scientific cer
tainty. Peruna cures catarrh wherever
located. Peruna has no substitutes
no rivals. Insist upon having Peruna.
Let no one persuade you that some oth
er remedy will do nearly as well. There
is no other systemic remedy for catarrh
but Peruna.
Mr. Byron J. Kirkhuff, attorney,
counsellor at law,
writes from 691
Gates avenue,
Brooklyn, N. Y.,
the following:
"I have used
your Peruna for
catarrh and find
its curative
powers all you
recommend. It
cured me of a
very bad attack
and though I
Buffered for
years I feel en
tirely relieved,
and if it will
benefit others,
I cladlv rrive it
Byron J. Kirkhuff,
Attorney and
at Law.
my endorsement." B. J. Kirkhuff.
If you do not derive prompt and satis
factory results from the use of Peruna,
write at once to Dr. Ilartman. srivine a
full statement of your case, and he will
be pleased to give you his valuable ad
vice gratis.
Address Dr. Ilartman. president of the
Ilartman Sanitarium, Columbus. Ohio-
Good morals
Pain's Horn.
make the best manners.
The nest rre.orlptlon for Chills
and Tever is a bottle of Grove's Tasteless
Chill Tonic. It i. simply iron and quinine in
a tasteless form. No cure no pay. Price,50c.
Any man may guess a woman's age, but
he never finds it out. Chicago Daily News.
If you want "good digestion to wait upon
your appetite" you should always chew a
bar of Adams' Pepsin Tutti Frutti.
An old bachelor says that marriage is a
synonym for trouble. Chicago Daily News.
I am sure Fiso's Cure for Consumption
saved my life three vears ago. Mrs. Thos.
Robbins. Maple
Street, Norwich, N. Y.,
Feb 17, 1900.
Genius can only breathe free in an at
mosphere of freedom. John Stuart Mill.
To Core a Cold In One Day
Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets. All
d riigKisis refund money if it fails tocure. 25c.
Thirty Years
MxifPBZB, Tenn., Feb. 93. At a recent
meeting- of the general executive com
mittee of the Confederate reunion for
1901, a committee was appointed to join
with the several commercial bodies of
Memphis to risit Washington and in
rite President McKinley to be the guest
of the city of Memphis on the occasion
of the reunion in May next. The com
mittee will leave for the national capital
in a few days.
As the time for holding1 the reunion
approaches the several committees are
becoming- more active. The city is be
lag canvassed Dy tne committee on
hotels and accommodations and every
available room is being- registered. A.
D. Langstaff, secretary of the com mis
sary committee, a sub-organization oi
the freneral committee in charge oi
Confederate reunion arrangements, has
been very active in the past week or so
in the discharge of the duties assigned
to him. lie is engaged in planning waya
and means for caring for the Confeder
ate veterans when they come to the re
union. Many of the commands will
very likely bivouac in order to observe
trict army regulations, and if it should
prove true they will have to be cared
for the same as if they were in actual
service again but with more care for
their comfort. The commissary com
mittee is to look after these matters.
Mr. Lang-staff announces that it is the
purpose of the committee to have the
means of caring for every Confederate
veteran whether he is able to pay hia
own way or not, and they will do so if
it is possible. They want it understood
that the commissary committee is not
organized to look only after those who
are able to pay their own way, but to
look after the rest as well.
president of the association of medical
officers of the army and navy of the
Confederacy, and Dr. Deering S. Rob
erts of Nashville, Tenn., secretary of
the association, were in Memphis re
cently, in conference with Dr. G. B,
Malone and Dr. R. V. Mitchell of the
medical committee of the Confederate
reunion, relative to the meeting of the
association, which is to occur in this city
during the reunion of veterans in May.
Dr. Malone and Dr. Mitchell went over
the ground with the visiting gentlemen
and Drs. Kellar and Roberts expressed
the greatest satisfaction at what had
been planned and arranged by the med
ical committee for the comfort and con
venience of the association during its
At a recent meeting of the medical
committee A. -D. Lang-staff appeared
before the committee and called atten
tion to the fact that a committee, of
which he is a member, held in trust
12,400 left over from a larger sum of
money raised a number of years ago
for sanitary purposes in Memphis. JJe
stated that he was willing to turn over
this money to be used for sanitary pur
poses during the reunion in May, pro
vided the proper authority be secured
Thereupon Dr. R. W. Mitchell moved
that the executive committee of the re
union be requested to take the neces
sary steps to secure this money to be
used for sanitary purposes.
The Mozart society has completed ar
rangements for a musical festival to be
given in-May during the reunion. The
main feature of the festival will be the
appearance of the Chicago Symphony
Orchestra, under the direction of
Adolph Rosenbecker. The vocal solo
ists for the concerts will be Mme. Mere
lith, soprano; Miss Crawford, alto; E.
2. Towne, tenor; Dr. Carl Duff t, basso.
The Mozart society festival chorus
tvill render oratio Messiah for one con
cert and some shorter cantatas and
operatic excerpts for the others, and in
asmuch as these concerts will be given
for the entertainment of the Con fed er
ate veterans, it is hoped to enlist the
participation of every singer in Mem
phis in order to make the festival the
greatest possible success.
The finance committee under the di
rection of A. B. Pickett, has nearly
completed its labors. It was resolved
at the first meeting of the executive
committee that S50.000 would be re
quired to make a grand success of the
reunion. Chairman Pickett then and
mere promised to nave tnis sum on
hand in ample time, and he has kept
his word, as more than $40,000 is now
in bank subject to the committee's
The Missouri Pacific and Choctaw,
Oklahoma & Gulf railroads have al
ready officially announced a 1-cent a
mile rate and the other large trunk
lines entering Memphis are expected to
make a similar announcement within a
few daj's.
Brigadier-General J. N. Thompson,
U. C. V., of Tuscumbia, Ala., is desigous
of information concerning William
Blarney, an ex-Confederate soldier, and
would be glad to ascertain whether he
is dead or alive as there is an amount
of money that has been bequeathed
him by relatives.
Experiments in the greenhouses of
the University of Nebraska to develop
a new species of nasturtium have proved
successful, and the new flower is in full
bloom. Its chief quality of excellence
is that it is continually and profusely in
Teaehinc tne Child.
We never know what part of the day's
experience will register itself indelibly
upon the little child's brain. A parent
lets no single opportunity pass of im
planting useful ideas. And what he
says today he may have to repeat to
morrow in another 'form. It is by
adding bit to bit that the idea finally
grows solid in the little one's mind. In
the midst of absorbing occupations we
should pause to answer a searching
question, not in a careless fashion, but
in a manner that will enable the child to
carry on the train of thought for him
self. Collar and Cuff Trust.
The long talked of syndicate of Troy,
N. Y., collar, cuff and shirt wholesale
houses is now regarded as a certainty
by the manufacturers concerned. No
outside capital will be required to swing
the combination, the name of which
will probably be the American Collar,
Cuff, and Shirt Company. The interests
of those represented in the deal aggre
gate $20,000,000. Instead of having in
dividual offices in the different large
cities, a single clearing house will be
established in each market cOTtriPg
the general business,
Letters Proving Positively that
there is No Medicine for Woman's
Ills Equal to Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound.
VMM 0m0M sMt
(AXIi LETTERS ARB PUBLISHED BT SPECIAL rEHMISSIOK.)
"I cannot say enough in regard to
It has done me more good than all the
female weakness in its worst form for
and was so weaK tnat l couia not ao my
1 also had falling of the womb and
and at menstrual periods I suffered
very hard. I could not lift anything
stand on my feet long at a time. My
doctors but they did me no good. My husband s sister wrote what the Vege
table Compound had done for her, and wanted me to try it, but I did not then
think it would do me any good. After a time, I concluded to try it, and I can
truly say it does ali that is claimed for
and seven packages of Sanative Wash have made a new woman of me, I have
had no womb trouble since taking the fifth bottle. I weigh more than I have
in years ; can do all my own housework, sleep well, have a good appetite, and
now feel that life is worth living. I
etable Compound I feel that it has
out itfor anything. I am always glad to recommend it to all my sex, for I
know if they will follow Mrs. Pinkham's directions, they will be cured."
Uratefully yours, aibs. Annie
" I was taken sick
five years ag-o with
The Grippe,' and
had a relapse and
was given up by
the doctor and my
friends. Chang-e
of Life began to
work on me. I
flowed very badly
until a year ago,
then my stomach
and lunc-s c-ot so
bad, I suffered terribly ; the blood
went up in my lung's and stomach, and
1 vomited it up. I could not eat
scarcely anything-. I cannot tell what
I suffered with my head. My hus
band g-ot me a bottle of Lydia E. Pink
ham's Vegetable Compound, and before
I had taken half of it I beg-an to im-
prove.and to-day I am another woman.
Airs, nnkham s medicine has saved mv
life. I cannot praise it enoug-h."
M. A. Densok, Millport, N.Y.
REWARD. We have deposited with the National City Bank of Lynn, $5000,
which will be paid to any person who can find that the above testimonial letters
are not genuine, or were published before obtaining the writer's special per
mission. LYDIA E. PrXKHAM MEDICINE CO.
Little Liver Pills.
Must Bear Signature of
See Fac-Simlle Wrapper Below.
Taory aaaavtl aad as easy
to take as smgar.
. wati vJlas saw ail na'i
Darne Cannot Be Cared
by local applications, as they cannot reach
the diseased portion of the ear. There ia
only one way to cure deafness, and that ia
uy coiiHtiiuiiouai remedies, ueamess is
caused by an inflamed condition of the mu
cous lining of the Eustachian Tube. When
this tube gets inflamed you have a rumbling
sound or imperfect hearing, and when it is
entirely closed deafness is the result, and
unless the inflammation can be taken out
and this tube restored to its normal con
dition, hearing will ; be destroyed forever;
nine cases of of ten are caused by catarrh,
which is nothing but an inflamed condition
of the mucous surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars for"any
Case Of Deafness icaiind hv catarrh that
cannot be cured by Hall's Catarrh Cure.
bend for circulars, free.
, r . J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, O.
Hall's Family Tills are the best.
There is one serious objection to estab
lishing communication with Mars. It will
inevitably bring on more dialect stories.
The Memphis Commercial-Appeal.
Thirty minutes is all the time required to
dye with ictxam vadeless uies.
Bold by
all druggists.
It must b difficult for a square man to
look round. Ally bloper
'jMiaiiriisMi nil
i -k Mini mm mmmm i
eMar wai
0 (Sfab (Stem 05 e (3fec4! (toiWyViiil QagaHr, gbrfe
Mrs. PINKHAGfl
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound.
doctors. I have been troubled with
about ten years. I had leucorrhoea
inflammation of the womb and ovaries,
terribly. At times my back would ache
or do any heavy work ; was not able to
husband spent hundreds of dollars for
it. Ten bottles of the V egetable Com-
owe all to Lydia E. lMivkliam's Veg
saved my life and would not be with
iHOiirsox, bouth Hot feprings, Ark.
taking- Lydia E.
Pinkham's Veg-e-table
about 3 months
ago, and cannot
express the won
derful g-ood it has
done me. Men
struations were so
profuse as to leave
me very weak for
some time after.
Was also troubled with leucorrhoea,
tired feeling-, bearing-down sensation,
pain across the back and thig-hs. I
felt as though there was a heavy
weig-ht in my stomach all the time.
I have taken two bottles of the medi
cine, and now have better health than
I have had for four years."
Mas. Lizzie Dickson Hodge,
Avalon, Ohio.
In Monrninjs.
Butcher rLeft o' mutton? Yes'm.
Mrs. De Rigeur And let it be off a
black sheep, if you pleas. We're in
mourning, you know. Philadelphia Rec
ord. We often read of the canopy of heaven;
I wonder if it's supported by the moon's
beams? Ally Sloper.
When you forget there are others you
are nearing a burned bridge. Atchison
watch our next advertisement. TnoT nss Deen Trearea wnn poiisn
ing materials, in order to hide imperfections. Look at the
package! Is a lion's head on it? LION COFFEE is the coffee
of purity and strength. Try it once.
In every package of LION COFFEE you will find a tally Illustrated and descriptive
list. No housekeeper, in fact, no woman, man, boy or girl will fail to find in the list some article
which will contribute to their happiness, comfort and convenience, and which they may have by
simply catting out a certain number of Lion Heads from the wrappers of oar one pound sealed
packages (which is the only form ia which this excellent coffee is sold).
W00L5ON SPtCB CO., TOLEDO, OHIO.
a - si
El -wf -nuiw I I
M 111 I I I I I II 1 1 I! :L .'.'-:s :: :
hi nrn Wlrf
FREE WrmGHESTERi Winchester S
S Our 160 page S and
illustrated cata-g FACTORY LOADED SHOTGUN SHELLS NEVV RIVAL,"
loCTie winalnj combination la the fceld or at "LEADER," and
the trap. All dealera
.8oWinchtmAvk.,NwHavbn,Conn. 6 uicu
Tbreo Daily Train.
Indian Territory
Tws Dallx Trains.
Pullman Sleepers and Free Reclining
Chair Cars all the way without change to
TEXAS and the WEST- The very best
of connections. Cheap home-aeekers tickets
on sale first and third Tuesdays each month B
Memphis Ticket Offio, 13 Monroe St. D
Cbattanoocra. Tenn.
Frank M. Griffith, t. P. A.,
Memphis, Tenn.
Go. H. Lie, Gen. P. & T. A.,
Little Rock, Ark.
The Prince Declined.
When the prince of Wales was about to
visit Niagara Falls Blondin had a rival,
one Farini, who was a character. He is
sued an advertisement urging that the
prince make his initial entrance to the
great and glorious United States in a
striking manner. Accordingly he proposed
that he should wheel the prince in a wheel
barrow over a tight rope across the gorge
to the United States an entrance that
would be unparalleled! Then the notice
added: "Should any accident happen to
his highness whereby he should happen to
be precipitated to the gulf below (of which,
I assure you, there is little danger) the
money taken from the spectators shall b
refunded."' Chicago Jntr Ocean.
Where the ThleTM Were.
The wife of a well-known and very pop
ular member of the house of representa
tives was telling a 6tory on him the other
day. which was much appreciated.
The gentleman came in rather late the
other night after a convivial time. He was
tired and sleepy, and scarcely struck the
bed before he was in a profound slumber.
Toward morning the good wife became
alarmed by unusual noises, and immediate
ly visions of plunder and violence disturbed
her imagination. She shook her spouse
with vigor and cried: "Jim, wake up;
wake up!" He gave an extra snort and
snore, and turned over. She shook him
again, screaming: "Jim, you must get up;
there are thieves in the house!"
Arousing himself for a moment, he said:
"On, no, my dear; there are no thieves in
the house; they are all in the senate."
Baltimore Sun.
A LUXURY WITH IfJ THE REACH
OLIND MAN'S BUFP Is a good
gome to ploy. But you can
not afford to p!ay It with coffee.
Know what you are drinking!
Know what you purchase!
whether you
or some cheap glazed substitute
sa as e mm SB e SB
Ldw RaflfSs'fo Texas.
At frequent interval dur-
ng 1 90 1, round trip
icketswill be sold via the
ttvn Sett Route,
rAJ:emphi$"to points
Irtr Arkansas, Louis
Sana, Texas,' and
Indian and Okla-
a t greatly . red uced
iVhert you want fo fo: Mo
w6uld lik to ltv. and wo
I you when you can itcuro on
low-ntt tickets 0)4 what It win
Ve will alto tn4 you a om4to
schedule for the trio and an InteestlflF
"A Trip to Taxai.-
HOTphlv.Tcm.' W.lA!UXU.P.A,ntthvme;TcaL
.JL.GndnMU.Ohto. M.MU!ll,T.P.i,Cilr,ul
UBULVE. CP.anaT.i, SL.lfl K
SHOTGUNS o Factoryloaded
shotgun shells,
aell them. 2 "REPEATtK.
YINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO. wm prow
can be
enough Pot
ash and your
profits will be,
large; without
Potash your
crop will be
Our books, telling about composition of fertilizers
beat adapted for all crops, are free to all fanners.
03 Nassau Su, New York.
For 1 6 Cents
trer weirt&rtad oat for .,uuonw
customers. We reoeiTad SiO.000. W
now hare on onr books 1,110,000 nam as.
We wish 390,000 mora in lyul, maklnc
1.500,000 full, hence this unprecedented
offer for 16 cents postpaid of
SO kinds of rarest luM-laaa radishes,
IS maa-nlfleent earliest meloas,
IS sorts (lerlon toasatttea.
a peerlem lettuce varieties,
1 S splendid beet sorts,
65 a-oraeoualj beaattful flower seeds
Ia mil 160 Sioda. sare lo delizht aod pleas sod
esptlTate jour bea.ru. toeethtr wi to, our great
umatratM riant sad Hrea valaloc, telling ail
Billioa Dollar Grata. Peaoat, Teosiate.
Brornna, Spelts. Onloo Sard at 6M., ete.. all
Tor 16 eeats stamps aaa this aatlee.
vaiaio poauiToiT woria siuv to aaj
plantar of tardea aad farm aaada.
1M La Oroaae, Wis,
f f3 f no NEW DISCO TEST; glvea
lallmWI O I quick relief and cures won
rases. Book of testimonials and IO days' treatment
Free Dr. H. H. GRaXN'S SONS, Box D, Atlanta, Ua.
Use CERTAINS CUBE
UD. TstAtaM GO
CURLS fchtfiE
Beat Cough Syrup. Tastes Good. Use
In time. Sold br dmeylst.
1834 "
please atate Ibst joa taw tne) .dTertleeo
meat la, thla puper.
iaWiJ la. sal IfM vrfnij
your eyes and
are getting
xml | txt


text:
Plus Brooklyn Fleece Jogger
Whether you're hitting the track or just running errands, this comfortable jogger keeps up with you in style. Made of jersey fleece, it features sporty striped cuffs and waist with "Brooklyn" in screen print down the leg.
- rue+ Collection
- Paneled elastic waistband with drawstring
- 2 front pockets
- Approx. 11 in. leg opening; approx. 28 in. inseam
- 65% polyester, 35% cotton
- Machine wash
- Model wears size 1X
- Imported


text:
North America › United States › Nevada › Ely
Ely Travel GuideBrowse 3 travel reviews, 2 travel blogs and 13 travel photos from real travelers to Ely.
Check Ely Hotel Deals
Ely Overview
Begun back in the 1870s as a stagecoach stop and post office this eastern Nevada city is located at the conjunction of Highways 6, 50, and 93 at the southern end of the Steptoe Valley where it meets the Egan Range. It is closer to Salt Lake City than to Reno.
Best known for its Ghost Train, a restored Nevada Northern Railway train that still runs during the summer months.
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Oh I can play this game
February 17 2001 at 9:25 PM
Response to
Flood the Overlord
Let me see....um...I know...
Sprig the Twig,
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Kewl game...
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Organize your favourite listings
Sign up to keep track of your favourite spaces and revisit them later.
Available units are contiguous. Dock and grade loading.
Situated along the Winston-Government industrial corridor just minutes away from the Trans Canada Highway, this property offers tenants fantastic access to all areas of Metro Vancouver. Public transit is provided via the nearby Production Way Skytrain station with bus access along Winston Street. Local businesses enjoy numerous services and amenities within the immediate area.


text: NEW YORK (MarketWatch) -- Ramtron International Corp. RMTR, +0.00% agreed to be bought by Cypress Semiconductor Corp. CY, +1.03% for an increased price of $3.10 a share, the companies said on Wednesday. The deal values Ramtron at $109.8 million, excluding assumed debt and options and including shares previously acquired by Cypress. The boards of both companies OK'd the deal. Cypress first disclosed its plan to buy Ramtron on June 12 at a price of $2.68 a share, but the offer was rejected. An upped price of $2.88 a share on Aug. 27 was also turned down on Sept. 10 as inadequate. Shares of Ramtron International rallied 7.7% to $3.09 a share in premarket trades.


text:
Browsing Department of Pathology by Title
Now showing items 20-23 of 23
Time-dependent clock gene expression in mouse and human stem and progenitor cells (The University of Bergen, 2007-03-30)Time is a fundamental part of all biological processes. During the whole process of evolution, living cells and organisms had to adapt to cyclic variations in the environment. In particular, the light and temperature ...Doctoral thesis
Type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and its impact on angiogenesis, progression and patient survival after radical nephrectomy (BioMed Central, 2010-12-03)Background To examine the expression of type 1 plasminogen inhibitor (PAI-1) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), and its possible association with microvessel density (MVD), the expression of thrombospondin-1 ...Journal articlePeer reviewed
Use of immunohistochemical markers can refine prognosis in triple negative breast cancer (BioMed Central, 2007-07-24)Background: Basal-like breast cancer has been extensively characterized on the basis of gene expression profiles, but it is becoming increasingly common for these tumors to be defined on the basis of immunohistochemical ...Journal articlePeer reviewed
Uterine cervical neoplasia : aspects of biology and pathology (The University of Bergen, 2007-01-18)Doctoral thesis


text: Sassygirl 2 Posted April 4, 2013 Here's my new focus....in standard form and looking a bit tired. Have booked a valeter to come next week to give her the full works so she should be gleaming on Tues hopefully :D (would normally do it myself but my backs not been too good so don't want to aggravate it ) Couple of questions tho......... 1. The steering feels really heavy..........power steering fluid??? 2. The bite point on the clutch is really high.... Is that normal for a focus or could it need the cable re-adjusting? Thank you :D Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


text:
003: The Modula-2 Software Component Library: Volume 3 (Springer Compass International)
This book is the third and final volume in a series entitled The Modula-2 Software Component Library. C. Lins' collection of reusable standard software components could be the basis for every programmer's software project in Modula-2. Components that are implementations of commonly used data structures are presented, along with a description of their functionality and efficiency. Moreover, the books provide the background necessary to tailor these components to the specific needs of any Modula-2 environment. For Modula-2 programmers, this series of books could prove as useful and indispensible as the original language reference by Niklaus Wirth. This third volume discusses the concepts of trees and graphs, shows their specifications, and provides implementations for various forms of trees and graphs.
Please visit Help Page for Questions
regarding ISBN / ISBN-10 / ISBN10, ISBN-13 / ISBN13, EAN / EAN-13, and Amazon
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text:
A boy who was born with no ears is having a pair specially created from his own ribs.
Kieran Sorkin, eight, from Bushey, Hertfordshire, was born deaf with just small lobes where his ears should have been – a condition called microtia which affects just one in 100,000 people.
Thanks to several operations and a hearing aid, he has gradually been able to hear.
But now, using cartilage from his ribs, specialist surgeons from Great Ormond Street Hospital will build the ears and graft them to his head.
Lead clinician for plastic surgery Neil Bulstrode, said: "From the cartilage I will carve a framework in the shape of an ear for both sides.
"Then I will place that framework in pockets under the skin, which is sucked down with a vacuum so that the skin conforms to the contours of the ear framework."
Kieran's mum Louise said: "He wants to look like everyone else and not be asked questions.
"He is a really special little guy and he works really hard. He is always trying to make friends but he has found children always asking questions about it."
Kieran's older sister Mia, 10, (pictured above with Kieran) cut off her waste-length hair to raise £1,100 for the Jewish Deaf Association, which has offered its support to the Sorkin family, as well as Chai Cancer Care.
Sue Cipin, executive director of the Jewish Deaf Association, said: "We are delighted to have been able to support the Sorkin family over the years and the girls' kindness and generosity means that we will be able to continue helping other families give the best possible start in life to their deaf children."
MORE:Advice and health


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N.Y. Steakhouse Waiters Accused of Stealing Customer Card Data
Waiters at Smith & Wollensky, the Capital Grille and other New York area restaurants copied customers' credit cards and passed them on to a crime ring that bought luxury goods, prosecutors said.
The midtown Manhattan dining room at Smith & Wollensky, the steakhouse chain, is where 81-year-old billionaire Warren Buffett, the chief executive officer of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., takes the winner of his annual charity auction for lunch.
Charges against 28 people were announced yesterday by Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus Vance Jr.'s office. The crimes allegedly occurred from April 2010 to this month and involved at least 50 American Express account holders, the prosecutors said.
Merchandise from outlets such as Chanel, Bloomingdale's and Bergdorf Goodman, including $1 million worth of watches, was sometimes sold on the Internet, according to prosecutors.
Vance said the case was far from unique.
"Every day, hardworking New Yorkers find themselves the victims of identity theft -- their financial information stolen from ATMs, from Internet transactions, from financial institutions and from retailers," he said in the statement.
Waiters used credit-card skimming devices to steal account numbers, then passed on the information to Luis Damian Jacas, who oversaw the operation, the district attorney alleged.
The restaurants also included Wolfgang's Steakhouse and JoJo Steakhouse in Manhattan and Morton's the Steakhouse in Stamford, Connecticut, Vance's office said.
Also charged were about 10 "shoppers" who were given forged credit cards and sometimes drivers' licenses, using them at Neiman Marcus, Cartier, Hermes of Paris, Burberry, Jimmy Choo and Starbucks, authorities said.
Shopping trips were made in Manhattan, Westchester County, Nassau County, Florida, Boston and Chicago, the DA's complaint said. Some goods were sold online and others to individuals, the prosecutors said.
The district attorney charged members of the group with 172 counts of crimes that included conspiracy, enterprise corruption and grand larceny, according to the statement.
The case is People v. Jacas, New York State Supreme Court, New York County (Manhattan).
To contact the reporter on this story: Tiffany Kary in New York at firstname.lastname@example.com.
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Michael Hytha at email@example.com.


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2014-03-26 — telegraph.co.uk
``The South Stream pipeline intended to link the EU to Russia through the Black Sea by 2018 is now "dead", according to sources in Brussels, hitting contractors close to Mr Putin. EU staff are to come up with plans to shield Europe from energy blackmail by Russia within 90 days, finding ways to prevent frontline states being picked off one by one. Ukraine's premier, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, said in Brussels that the West must stop Russia deploying energy as a "new nuclear weapon".''
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Prior Design's idea of how a Porsche Macan should look like includes a wide body kit.
The German tuner has played around with the compact luxury SUV from Stuttgart and has added a new custom front bumper, with wider air intakes to improve engine cooling, along with a new air splitter.
In order to make its profile more imposing, the aftermarket specialists combined extended front and rear wheel arches with a new set of prominent side skirts. The same look is continued at the back end, where a roof mounted spoiler has been applied, joined by another spoiler installed onto the tailgate.
Prior Design states that all new features have been manufactured from Fiberglass-Duraflex mix, which is a material "characterized by an excellent surface finish that provides sufficient flexibility combined with high stability and allows for easy and inexpensive painting". Completing the design of the Porsche Macan is a new set of Vossen wheels, 22-inch in size, wrapped in Continental SportContact 6 tires.
An air suspension, system with an H&R electronic lowering module, will reduce the ride height by up to 35 mm (1.3 in) while the list also includes a stainless steel aftermarket exhaust system.
The tuner says that pricing info on these upgrades is available upon request.


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Faribault, MN: Faribo West Mall Theatre Closed February 1st
The CEC Theatres - Faribo West Mall Theatre in Faribault, Minnesota closed on February 1, 2012, according to a posting on the theater's web site. The Faribault Daily News published an article about the theater's closing that day. An interview with Tony Tillemans, the Vice President of CEC... (more)
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Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
On-line version ISSN 1678-4324
SANTOS, Éder José dos et al. Fast assessment of mineral constituents in grass by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Braz. arch. biol. technol. [online]. 2012, vol.55, n.3, pp.457-464. ISSN 1678-4324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132012000300017.
A method for evaluating inorganic constituents in the grass by ICP OES is proposed. The samples were digested with nitric acid plus hydrogen peroxide in a microwave system. Seventeen samples were collected in the metropolitan area of Curitiba and Castro in the Paraná State, Brazil. The following elements were studied: Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se and Zn. The linear coefficients of the curves were higher than 0.999 and the precision, expressed as the relative standard deviation, which was below 10%, being considered adequate. The accuracy was validated by using the recovery test (recoveries from 80 to 107%) and by the analysis of botanical certified materials. For one sample, two other digestion procedures, using two different mixtures of nitric and hydrochloric acids, produced results in agreement with the adopted procedure. Eleven out of the twenty studied elements could be quantified in real samples. High concentrations of Ca, K, Mg and P, the essential elements for bovines and other animals, were found. The results were evaluated using the principal component analysis that gathered the samples in three groups, according to the areas where the plants were grown.
Keywords : ICP OES; Inorganic constituents; Acid digestion; PCA.


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Also from December 14
Blog entries
- Erma L. Saling, Ottawa
- Alice Elizabeth Harvey, Winchester
- Kenneth W. Quinlan, Collinsville, Ill.
- John J. Byczynski, Bethlehem, Pa.
- Agnes Reynard, Iola
- Ronald Sisson, De Soto
- Alexya Maria Pewtress, Kansas City, Kan.
- James Louis Morris, Lawrence
- Dorothy Mae Murphy Mettner, Lawrence
- Phillip W. Keffer, Lawrence
- Minnie Pearl Thomas, Oklahoma City
- Harlan Herb Mall, Ellsworth
- Lilian Ann Tucker, Cottonwood Falls
On the street
Photo galleries
Do you think Kansas deserves the label of having the worst public school science standards in the country that was given to it by a national education group?
Poll results
|Yes. The State Board of Education's decision to challenge and criticize evolution in school science curriculum standards has damaged the state's science reputation.
|Yes. Even if the state board's decision is reversed, Kansas now has a bad reputation that will hurt it in luring bioscience industries to locate here.
|No. By challenging evolution, the state board is merely encouraging students to be open to other ideas on how we came to be.
|No. This was a political decision and doesn't reflect how science is actually being taught in Kansas schools.
What is the best part of playing organized sports?
Poll results
|Making new friends
|Learning how to play a sport
|Winning trophies
|Getting a uniform
All stories
- Wal-Mart recycling center reopens
- December 14, 2005
- It's time to clean out those old cans and bottles being stored in the garage - Wal-Mart's community recycling center in south Lawrence is open again.
- Temperatures staying in the 30s
- December 14, 2005
- Watch where you step or drive on the way out - it could be a little slick this morning, says Jennifer Schack, 6News meteorologist. "We do have the potential for a little bit of freezing on the roadway," Schack said. Today's high is expected to climb into the upper 30s.
- McCarthy moment couldn't happen now
- December 14, 2005
- By August 1968, Sen. Eugene McCarthy was gone and his supporters were left to wonder how - whether - his fulfillment was connected to doing good to the country. When the Democratic convention nominated another Minnesotan, Hubert Humphrey - who in 1964 won the vice presidential nomination McCarthy had craved - McCarthy went to the south of France, then covered the World Series for Life magazine. Had he campaigned for Humphrey, who narrowly lost, there probably would have been no Nixon presidency.
- Irresponsible?
- December 14, 2005
- To the editor: President Bush calls critics of his Iraq war irresponsible.
- Film awards season kicks into high gear
- Golden Globe nominations announced
- December 14, 2005
- Everyone in Hollywood says the Golden Globes are an honor in their own right. But for film contenders, they're just another trophy if they don't lead to an Academy Award.
- Best, worst nursing homes listed
- December 14, 2005
- Kansas Advocates for Better Care has compiled its annual lists of the state's best and poorest performing nursing homes. The rankings are based on information gleaned from three years of state reports.
- Nebraskan pleads guilty to sex assault against teenage wife
- December 14, 2005
- A 22-year-old Falls City man faces up to 50 years in prison after pleading guilty Tuesday to a sexual assault charge filed after he impregnated and then married a 14-year-old girl.
- Riley a hit in return to bench
- Shaq scores 30 as Heat turn back Bulls, 100-97
- December 14, 2005
- Pat Riley insists he's a changed man, even if his return to coaching had a decidedly familiar feel.
- Patrol seeks fuel deals
- December 14, 2005
- The Journal-World found gas prices as low as $2.07 at Citgo, Ninth and Iowa streets. If you find a lower price, call Pump Patrol at 832-7154.
- State board holds off on school vouchers decision
- Education commissioner says private schools could help close achievement gap
- December 14, 2005
- Two conflicting views of public schools battled Tuesday to a no-decision before the Kansas State Board of Education. After more than five hours of sometimes heated debate, the Education Board postponed until next month whether to recommend that the Legislature adopt private school vouchers and expansion of charter schools.
- Horoscopes
- December 14, 2005
- For Wednesday, Dec. 14
- 'Nova takes Big 5 battle
- No. 3 Wildcats survive late Penn rally
- December 14, 2005
- Allan Ray scored 19 points, and No. 3 Villanova withstood a 24-7 run late in the second half to beat pesky Penn, 62-55, Tuesday night at the Palestra.
- Hot Hoops pass their way to 34-14 victory over Team 14
- December 14, 2005
- The first-grade Hot Hoops used superior passing skills to beat Team 14, 34-14, Saturday at the East Lawrence Recreation Center. The Hot Hoops passed the ball as many as 10 times on a single possession several times during the game. Hot Hoops coach Greg Easter said passing is a point of emphasis for the team.
- Break doesn't bother Baylor
- December 14, 2005
- Fifth-ranked Baylor picked up right where it left off after an 11-day break for final exams with a 72-36 victory over McNeese State on Tuesday night.
- Prime rib cook time varies by preference
- December 14, 2005
- One of my favorite holiday memories is of standing at my mother's elbow, watching her make beef gravy from a rib-eye roast. This cut of meat often was the centerpiece of our Christmas dinner, and we always had ample gravy.
- 'Sit Down' proves a stand out
- December 14, 2005
- Viewers who love comedy and intelligent conversation should not miss "Sit Down Comedy With David Steinberg" (9 p.m., TV Land). Over the next six weeks, the veteran comic actor, director and producer will host Mike Myers, Larry David, Martin Short, Bob Newhart, Jon Lovitz and George Lopez. And in a refreshing twist, Steinberg will let his guests do most of the talking.
- School-city relations up next in series
- December 14, 2005
- The relationship between the Lawrence school district and city of Lawrence are the focus of the fourth installment of the Mapping the Future series, set to run tonight at 6 p.m. and 10 p.m. on Sunflower Broadband Channel 6.
- Barber shop OK'd in East Lawrence
- December 14, 2005
- A barber shop unanimously received a green light from city commissioners to open at 13th Street and Haskell Avenue despite some objections from the Brook Creek Neighborhood Assn.
- Shelter has 3 months to resolve concerns
- Commission on homelessness to work with site's neighbors
- December 14, 2005
- The Lawrence Community Shelter has been given another three months by city commissioners to work with its neighbors to iron out concerns about the downtown homeless shelter.
- Bobcats, Rockets both win in 26-all tie
- December 14, 2005
- The second-grade Bobcats and Rockets battled back and forth for 32 minutes but when the final whistle blew both teams went home winners. The Bobcats and Rockets finished their game with 26 points each Saturday at the East Lawrence Recreation Center.
- Junior showdown finishes with Tigers on top of Jayhawks, 22-12
- December 14, 2005
- It wasn't only heating up outside but also inside the Community Center as the Border Showdown got an early start to the season as the younger Tigers and Jayhawks battled it out Saturday afternoon. While both teams looked to push the ball up court, the kindergarten Tigers took advantage of a trio of guards to defeat the Jayhawks 22-12.
- Horned Frogs keep unbeaten streak alive
- Wildcats' strong defense puts up a fight, but comes up just short
- December 14, 2005
- The undefeated fourth- and fifth-grade Horned Frogs looked to extend their five-game winning streak Dec. 6 while taking on the Wildcats at the East Lawrence Center. While the Wildcats put up a fight by playing tenacious defense, the Horned Frogs got just enough offense from their guards to defeat the Wildcats 20-17.
- Report of partial face transplant brings hope to burn victims
- December 14, 2005
- In some circles, the partial face transplant performed on a woman in France is more than a medical oddity. It is an exciting new source of hope to burn victims like Bernhard Heitz.
- Daily ticker
- December 14, 2005
- Making scents of the holidays
- Memories often tied to sense of smell
- December 14, 2005
- Kathy Heeb knows a good Christmas tree can transport a person back in time. The aroma of pine needles can evoke strong childhood memories of hanging ornaments, spending time with family and unwrapping presents.
- Regents leader a candidate for dean of law school
- Reggie Robinson has worked in D.C. and as KU instructor
- December 14, 2005
- Reggie Robinson, president of the Kansas Board of Regents, is in the running for dean of Kansas University's Law School.
- Guantanamo detainee seeks British citizenship
- December 14, 2005
- An Australian being held at the U.S. prison camp in Guantanamo Bay won a court battle Tuesday to be registered as a British citizen, a step he hopes will secure his release.
- Kayhawk guards step up to defeat Team 1
- December 14, 2005
- It was a defensive battle when the kindergarten Kayhawks and Team 1 matched up Saturday at the Community Center. After playing neck in neck for a majority of the game, the Kayhawks were able to take advantage of their guard play to defeat Team 1, 18-12.
- Tigers claw their way back in second half
- Full-court press, free throws highlight Tigers' comeback victory
- December 14, 2005
- The sixth- and seventh-grade Tigers pulled off a second-half comeback to beat the Razorbacks, 31-27, Dec. 5 at the East Lawrence Center.
- Truce needed in 'culture war'
- December 14, 2005
- On Christmas Eve in 1914 a remarkable thing happened in France. On the front lines of what was to become known as the "Great War," the opposing sides, German and British, decided to honor their holy day by calling a truce. Men poured out of the trenches on both sides, left their rifles on the ground, and began to sing carols and meet each other in the space between.
- It's all myth
- December 14, 2005
- To the editor: I no longer live in Lawrence.
- Up-tempo play of Tigers too much for Yellow Jackets to handle
- December 14, 2005
- Looking to build momentum early in the season, the fourth- and fifth-grade Tigers of the Hoopster league used an uptempo style of play and tenacious defense to defeat the Yellow Jackets, 31-18, Dec. 6 at the East Lawrence Center.
- Dramatic turnaround has Vikings in chase
- Six weeks ago, Minnesota was at joke at 2-5; now, team contending for NFC North title at 8-5
- December 14, 2005
- Brad Johnson stood in the huddle two weeks ago against Detroit and couldn't pass up a chance to have a little fun at his opponent's expense.
- Spirit of the season
- What a joyful legacy Maxine Lee has left behind.
- December 14, 2005
- This is a story about the true joy of Christmas.
- Strong action
- It's too bad such a drastic measure is needed, but a new policy approved by the Lawrence school board seems like a valid way to curb intoxication at school dances.
- December 14, 2005
- Congratulations to the Lawrence school board for sticking with its plan to require students to pass a Breathalyzer test before attending school-sponsored dances
- Only political solution can unite Iraq
- December 14, 2005
- The most important coming elections for Americans are not the congressional vote in 2006, but the Iraqi elections taking place on Thursday.
- Drop shorthand
- December 14, 2005
- To the editor: The "conservative" agenda listed on the front page Dec. 12 does not seem familiar to me.
- Student loans
- December 14, 2005
- To the editor: Why are we as a nation silent while this administration is seeking to raise the cost of student loans to 8.5 percent interest?
- Bring 'em home
- December 14, 2005
- To the editor: In the "stay the course" letter that ran Dec. 3, the writer finished his letter, "We must stay the course; if we don't, grave consequences will follow."
- Broncos cornerback could be finished
- December 14, 2005
- The Denver Broncos have avoided the big injury this season. Finally, luck caught up with them, when starting cornerback Darrent Williams pulled up hurt.
- Area residents can opt out of blood trial
- Red blood cell substitute will be given to accident, injury victims
- December 14, 2005
- The University of Kansas Hospital and Medical Center in Kansas City, Kan., is sending about 75 "opt-out" bracelets to area residents who don't want to participate in upcoming trials of PolyHeme, a red blood cell substitute that will be tested on some accident and injury victims who have lost blood, officials said.
- Investigator says CIA moved detainees from Europe to North Africa
- December 14, 2005
- A European investigator said Tuesday he has found mounting indications the United States illegally held detainees in Europe but then hurriedly shipped out the last ones to North Africa a month ago when word leaked out.
- Mass grave exhumed; riot victims found
- December 14, 2005
- Authorities have exhumed the remains of about 100 people killed during riots 24 years ago from a mass grave in Morocco and reburied them individually in a nearby lot.
- Royals trying to lure Mientkiewicz
- First baseman involved in ownership dispute over baseball caught for final out of Red Sox Series win
- December 14, 2005
- The Kansas City Royals are attempting to sign Doug Mientkiewicz, the Gold Glove first baseman best known for taking the ball from the final out of Boston's World Series win in 2004.
- Election commission suspends activities
- December 14, 2005
- The Palestinian central election commission said Tuesday it was suspending all its activities after a rash of attacks against its workers.
- Four U.S. soldiers, Iraqi candidate killed on final day of campaigning
- December 14, 2005
- On the last day of campaigning, a roadside bomb killed four American soldiers Tuesday, and gunmen assassinated a candidate for parliament in this week's election. A Shiite politician escaped injury in a bombing south of Baghdad.
- Executed gang leader maintained innocence
- December 14, 2005
- The argument over whether convicted killer Stanley Tookie Williams was a man of peace or a death-row con artist raged on after his execution Tuesday, with supporters announcing they would give him a funeral "befitting a statesman."
- KCP&L announces plans for wind farm
- December 14, 2005
- Ford County will be home to the third-largest wind farm in the state under a plan announced Tuesday.
- U.N. forced to investigate Darfur atrocities outside of Sudan
- December 14, 2005
- The U.N. war crimes tribunal has been forced to conduct its investigation of atrocities in Darfur outside Sudan because of the danger to potential witnesses, the chief prosecutor said Tuesday.
- Extension 4-H leader steps down from post
- December 14, 2005
- The Douglas County Extension officer responsible for coordination of the area's 4-H events has stepped down from her position, creating a vacancy that may not be filled for months.
- T to celebrate 5 years of service
- December 14, 2005
- The Lawrence Transit System will celebrate its fifth anniversary with a public reception at 5 p.m. Thursday at the Lawrence Arts Center, 940 N.H., and will provide free rides all day Friday.
- Congress wrestles with cuts, Patriot Act at term's end
- December 14, 2005
- Terrorism, torture and modest tax cuts to help rebuild the Gulf Coast dot the agenda for the Republican-controlled Congress at the end of a year scarred by scandal. GOP leaders are working to salvage as much as possible from a conservative blueprint drafted in more favorable political times.
- American Red Cross president resigns
- December 14, 2005
- American Red Cross President Marsha J. Evans, who oversaw the charity's vast and sometimes criticized response to Hurricane Katrina, is resigning effective at the end of this month because of friction with her board of governors, the organization said Tuesday.
- Former President Ford hospitalized, released
- December 14, 2005
- Former President Gerald Ford was released Tuesday evening from the hospital after what his chief of staff called routine medical tests. Ford, 92, was admitted to Eisenhower Medical Center late Monday.
- College class president charged in bank robbery
- December 14, 2005
- As Lehigh University students prepared for final exams this week, they found themselves grappling with the news that the sophomore class president had been arrested for allegedly robbing a bank.
- Blacks, poor more likely to breathe most unhealthy air
- December 14, 2005
- Kevin Brown's most feared opponent on the sandlot or basketball court while he was growing up wasn't another kid. It was the polluted air he breathed.
- UT's Young tops on All-America ballot
- Texas QB's selection relegates Southern Cal's Leinart to second team
- December 14, 2005
- Vince Young can claim at least one victory over Southern California this season.
- As coaches' salaries rise, schools race to keep up
- Small pool, big impact ensure paychecks will continue to swell
- December 14, 2005
- Tom Davis didn't go into coaching to get rich; it just happened that way.
- Colts keep focus on new goals
- Remaining undefeated not high on Indy's list
- December 14, 2005
- Tony Dungy wants his team focused on four things: Improving, staying healthy, building momentum and protecting its home field. Anything else, like going unbeaten, is a bonus.
- Wizards will remain in K.C. in 2006
- Hunt says he'll keep trying to sell MLS franchise
- December 14, 2005
- The Kansas City Wizards are still up for sale, but will remain in Kansas City at least through the 2006 season, owner Lamar Hunt said Tuesday.
- Former Ohio State AD: Coach admitted violation
- December 14, 2005
- The Ohio State athletic director who fired Jim O'Brien testified Tuesday that the basketball coach acknowledged he violated NCAA rules by giving a $6,000 loan to a potential recruit.
- Kansas Athletics reveals emergency plan
- December 14, 2005
- After months of research and talks with people all over the country, Kansas Athletics, Inc., released a 28-page emergency management and communications plan at its board meeting Tuesday, outlining in detail what should be done in the case of unexpected emergencies either at events or involving student-athletes and facilities.
- Title test awaits Firebirds
- FSHS girls to face Junction City for Bonner crown
- December 14, 2005
- Bryan Duncan had other plans, but he isn't complaining.
- Randtke lifts Veritas to boys hoops win
- December 14, 2005
- Mark Randtke scored 27 points and grabbed 15 rebounds in Veritas Christian School's 65-58 boys basketball victory over St. Mary's Academy on Tuesday night.
- Santa Fe Trail girls slip past K.C. Ward
- December 14, 2005
- Brooke Pryor had 16 points and 11 rebounds, Sara Weber had 10 points and 11 rebounds, and Toni Rutter added 10 points as Santa Fe Trail edged Kansas City Ward, 56-50, in high school girls basketball Tuesday.
- State to help fund station cleanup
- Lawrence Food Mart to receive assistance
- December 14, 2005
- The owner of a Lawrence fueling station will receive state assistance cleaning up the environmental mess left behind when three of four underground storage tanks broke through the concrete above them.
- Holiday gift ideas for shutterbugs
- December 14, 2005
- If you are a shutterbug needing more than a plain point-and-shoot digital camera to satisfy your photography itch, the 2005 holiday season offers several new developments.
- Hallmark produces cards for first family
- December 14, 2005
- Some 1.4 million of President and Laura Bush's closest friends - and political supporters, advisers, foreign heads of state and others - are opening their mail this month to find season's greetings from Lawrence.
- Commodities
- December 14, 2005
- Lawrence selected for cross country race
- December 14, 2005
- As expected, Lawrence won the race to land the National Junior Olympic Cross Country Championships two years from now.
- Southwest starts Dallas-Missouri flights
- December 14, 2005
- The first Southwest Airlines Co. flight from Dallas to Missouri left Love Field on Tuesday morning, opening a new front in the battle between the low-cost carrier and American Airlines.
- Aquila buys homes near Missouri plant
- December 14, 2005
- Aquila Inc. has bought three houses near its power plant in Peculiar, Mo., including one owned by the leaders of a citizens group fighting the plant in court.
- 'Kong' proves king of remakes
- December 14, 2005
- I recently framed a New Yorker cartoon from the 1930s that shows an irate King Kong barging into an office with a paper in his hand and confronting a man cowering behind his desk. The caption reads: "Are you the motion-picture reviewer of this newspaper?" It's doubtful Kong will have to worry that critics won't like the new version of his tale.
- Holiday entertaining tips
- December 14, 2005
- Catering specialist Wendy Pashman offers suggestions for making your party extraordinary and pleasing your guests at modest cost.
- Not all alcohol evaporates from food
- December 14, 2005
- When alcohol is cooked, the general assumption is that it evaporates. Researchers at Washington State University put this assumption to the test.
- KU music and dance students net awards
- December 14, 2005
- Numerous students from Kansas University's music and dance department were successful in the 2005 Kansas Music Teachers Association (KMTA) and Music Teachers National Association (MTNA) annual auditions in November in Pittsburg
- Head over heels
- Naomi Watts fell for 'King Kong'
- December 14, 2005
- Naomi Watts jumped at the chance to star in Peter Jackson's remake of "King Kong," but didn't know if she could live up to the original movie's female lead, actress Fay Wray.
- Opera's newest couple creates sparks at Met
- December 14, 2005
- The sign covered by a SOLD OUT notice in front of the Metropolitan Opera House advertised Verdi's "Rigoletto," but a better name for the show onstage would have been "Gilda and the Duke."
- KU art sale will assist student injured in fire
- December 14, 2005
- Students in Kansas University's Department of Art turned their annual ceramic and printmaking sale into a fundraiser for Leigh McHatton, an undergraduate student who was injured in the Boardwalk Apartments fire. The students raised about $900.
- Interim dean seeks arts and sciences job
- December 14, 2005
- Barbara Romzek, interim dean of Kansas University's College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, is the fourth candidate vying for the dean's position.
- Youth organization closing doors today
- December 14, 2005
- A Douglas County organization that gathered resources, information and programs for area children is closing its doors after eight years.
- Wildgen receives honor for work
- December 14, 2005
- City managers from across the state came to Lawrence City Hall on Tuesday night to present City Manager Mike Wildgen with an award recognizing him for excellence in city management.
- City may donate land for tennis center
- December 14, 2005
- City commissioners are interested in helping in a small way to assist a proposed indoor tennis center.
- Lawrence datebook
- December 14, 2005
- On the record
- December 14, 2005
- Correction
- December 14, 2005
- Lawrence High School Principal Steve Nilhas' name was misspelled in a story in Monday's Journal-World.
- Interest rate increase hits wallets
- December 14, 2005
- The Federal Reserve lifted interest rates to the highest level in 4 1/2 years Tuesday but also indicated its 18-month rate-raising campaign was winding down. At least one more increase in borrowing costs seemed in store to keep inflation under control.
- Fan seeks 'Jayhawks on Parade'
- Sculptures missing in action
- December 14, 2005
- Like a lot of people around Kansas University, Rodrigo Duque has an obsession with the Jayhawks.
- Keegan: Football needs playoffs
- December 14, 2005
- If you're like most people in town, you care about the outcomes of two of the 28 bowl games.
- The big sell
- KU, Houston scramble to unload ticket quota for Fort Worth Bowl
- December 14, 2005
- It's a cram session to sell a bundle of football tickets, but Kansas University officials are pleased with their start.
- Kansas' Reid third-team All-American
- December 14, 2005
- Nick Reid needs a bigger trophy case.
- Kansas players focus on finals
- KU basketball slate has 9-day break
- December 14, 2005
- Kansas University's men's basketball players are focusing on much more than the next opponent - Pepperdine - this week.
- Ancient Mayan mural discovered
- 'Find of a lifetime' clarifies advancements of civilization
- December 14, 2005
- Archaeologists have uncovered an elegantly painted, 30-foot-long mural in a ceremonial chamber beneath a Guatemalan jungle pyramid, providing new evidence that Mayan civilization was in full flower more than 2,000 years ago.
- Sports park pitched to city, county
- Former mayor to ask school district, governments to conduct feasibility study
- December 14, 2005
- A bank president and former mayor said she thinks there is room for a new multi-purpose, indoor/outdoor sports center in Lawrence similar to Topeka's Hummer Sports Park. And she said public and private entities might be willing to come together to fund it.
- Nursing home fined after aide is abusive
- Lake View Manor employee fired after inspectors arrive
- December 14, 2005
- Lake View Manor nursing home is in trouble again. State officials fined the Lawrence facility $7,000 last month after confirming reports that an aide had been rough with residents.
- Trotters are sentenced in cocaine case
- Judge declines to give lighter penalty
- December 14, 2005
- A judge declined Tuesday to make a statement against harsh crack-cocaine penalties in a drug-dealing case involving a former Lawrence High School basketball star.
- Gymnasts take top spots at Winter Cup
- Local competitors use home gym, crown to finish first, third overall
- December 14, 2005
- The Lawrence Gymnastics Academy hosted the Winter Cup, their only home meet this season, on Saturday. The girls competed well in their home gym, taking the third overall team spot in Level 5 and first place in Level 6. In addition to the team honors LGA had nineteen members place in individual events.
- Governor discusses success guidelines
- December 14, 2005
- An audit of four "resource efficient" school districts shows there is no "silver bullet" to success, but there are some general guidelines, Gov. Kathleen Sebelius said Tuesday.
- Chiefs shuffle snapping duties
- Backup guard Bober to handle field-goal chores in place of Perry
- December 14, 2005
- Backup guard Chris Bober was declared Kansas City's long snapper Tuesday, at least for field goals, as the Chiefs struggled to remedy what suddenly has become a worrisome problem.
- Letter to the editor: More guns needed March 16, 2018 · 73 comments
- $2 billion estimate for Kansas public schools shocks lawmakers; consultants' accuracy questioned March 16, 2018 · 35 comments
- Editorial: Gun control an uphill battle March 16, 2018 · 22 comments
- Opinion: Tillerson's insubordination meant he had to go March 17, 2018 · 5 comments
- 'Guns are not worth more than children's lives': One month after Florida massacre, students in Lawrence join national walkout March 14, 2018 · 61 comments
- Letter to the editor: Massacre blame March 14, 2018 · 42 comments
- Letter to the editor: Change our culture March 8, 2018 · 82 comments
- Letter to the editor: True original intent March 15, 2018 · 23 comments
- As Lawrence students gear up for gun-control protests, adults pledge support in 'Wrap the Walkout' campaign March 7, 2018 · 60 comments
- Letter to the editor: Protecting gun rights March 2, 2018 · 104 comments


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A8-3 Single-Stage Rocket Engines - Green Label
Product Number: SA02658M
In Stock (Ships within 1-2 business days)
Discount Quote Applied Remove
For your STEM curriculum.
Quality-tested Estes® engines for high-performance flights. These energy-packed, solid-propellant model rocket engines are a complete power system for your rocket. They deliver a smoke trail for easy tracking, and supplying ejection power for the recovery system for your rocket's safe return. Total impulse is tailored to fit the various NARFAI classes. Designed for specific launch and flight functions, rocket engines are not reusable. Igniters and complete instructions are included. Package of 3 engines.
Total Impulse: Lb.-sec., 0.56, N-sec., 2.50
Time Delay (±15%): 3 sec.
Max Lift Weight: 85 g
Max Thrust Lb./N: 2.4/10.7
*NOTE: Engines ship Parcel Post but shipping time is approximately 2 weeks. Can ship UPS with $12.00 hazardous fee if needed sooner. Cannot be shipped by air.
|Brand : Estes-Cox