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UNIT 10 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT-1 Structure 10.0 10.1 10.2
Objectives Introduction 1857: The First War of Independence 10.2.1 Causes 10 2.2 Extent and intensity 10.2.3 Defeat
EarIy Phase of Nationalism l0.3.1 Role of the Intellectuals 10.3.2 Role of Colonial state 10.3.3 Emergence of the Indian National Congress
Moderate and Militant Nationalists 10.4.1 Moderates Aims and Methods 10.4.2 Militants Aims and Methods
10.5 10.6
Swadeshi Movement Socio-Religious Reform and Cultural Renaissance 10.6.1 Prominent Reformers: Issues and Views 10.6.2 Their Approach 10.6.3 Their Methods
10.7 10.8 10.9
Let Us Sum Up Key Words Answers to Check Your Progress/ Exercises
10.0 OBJECTIVES No major development of modern India can be explained and understood without a reference to the Indian National Movement. The Indian National Movement represented the Indian people's urge to be free from the foreign yoke. After reading this Unit you will: understand the upsurge of 1857 in all its dimensions, be aware of the factors which contributed to the emergence of Indian Nationalism, be able to explain the political objectives and the strategies of the early nationalist leadership, understand the differences of approach between the moderates and militant nationalists,
understand the Swadeshi Movement and its implications for the Indian National Movement, be able to identify the process of cultural renaissance, and know about the various social reform movements during the 19th and early 20th ` centuries.
10.1 INTRODUCTION In this Unit we introduce you to the various aspects of Indian National Movement during its earlier phase. Resistance to British rule had always been there, but it was in 1857 that large sections of Indian people in various regions made a combined effort to overthrow the British. That is why it is often termed as the first war of independence. Due to certain weaknesses the uprising was crushed by the British but as far as the struggle was concerned there was no going back. This inspired a new kind of struggle. The intelligentsia, which earlier believed in the benevolence of British rule now came forward to expose its brutality. Political associations were formed and the Indian National Congress played a vital role in directing the freedom struggle. We discuss in this Unit the role of moderates and militant nationalists and the efforts made during the Swadeshi Movement to involve the masses into the freedom struggle. This was also a period of cultural renaissance as far as Indian society was concerned. Many social and religious reformers took up the battle against the social and religious evils that existed in our society. This contributed immensely towards the making of a new India. This Unit attempts to give you a glimpse of the issues that were undertaken by the Indian social reformers. The scope of this Unit is however confined to the period just before the emergence of Gandhi on the Indian political scene.
10.2 1857: THE FIRST WAR OF INDEPENDENCE In 1857 occurred the Revolt known as India's First War of independence when millions of soldiers, artisans and peasants made a combined effort to overthrow foreign rule. The Revolts was, however, no sudden occurrence. It was the culmination of nearly a century-old discontent with British policies and imperialist exploitation. The British conquered India and colonized its economy and society through a prolonged process. This process led to continuous resistance by the people through a series of civil rebellions led by deposed rulers, impoverished zamindars and poligars (landed military magnates in South India) and exofficials of the conquered Indian states. The mass base of these rebellions came from the ruined peasants and artisans and demobilized soliders. Starting with the Sanyasi rebellion and Chuar uprising in Bengal and Bihar in the 1760s, there was hardly a year without armed opposition or a decade without a major armed rebellion in one part of the country or the other. From 1763 to 1856 there were more than 40 major rebellions apart from hundreds of minor ones. Though massive in their totality, these rebellions were, however, wholly local in character and effects and were isolated from each other. The revolt of 1857 was, however, to involve millions in large parts of the country and to shake the British rule to its very roots.
1: Soldiers of 11th irregular cavalry being disarmed (1 August 1857)
10.2.1 Causes The Revolts of 1857 started on 10 May when the Company's Indian soldiers (sepoys) at Meerut rebelled, killed their European officers, marched to Delhi, entered the Red Fort and proclaimed the aged and powerless Bahadur Shah 11 (who still bore the prestigious name of the Mughals) as the Emperor of India. The Company's sepoys had many grievances against their employers, ranging from declining material and other service conditions to religious interference and racial arrogance. But basically they reflected the general discontent with British rule. They were after all a part of Indian society they were 'peasants in uniform'. The hopes, desires, despair and discontent of other sections of Indian society  they were reflected in them. The sepoys' rebellion was a product of the accumulated grievances of the Indian people. The most important underlying cause of the Revolt was the disruption of the traditional Indian economy and its subordination to British economy and the intense economic exploitation of the country. Above all, the colonial policy of intensifying land revenue demand led to a large number of peasants losing their land to revenue farmers, traders and moneylenders. Destruction of traditional handicrafts ruined and impoverished millions of artisans. The economic decline of peasantry and artisans was reflected in 12 major and numerous minor famines from 1770 to 1857. Thousands of zamindars and poligars lost control over their land and its revenues. Hundred of chieftains lost their principalities. The interference by the East India Company was disliked by many Indian rulers. The traditional scholarly and priestly classes lost their patronage from the traditional rulers, chieftains, nobles and zamindars, and were impoverished. A major cause of the Revolt was the very foreign character of British rule. The British remained perpetual foreigners in the land. The Indian people felt humiliated in having to obey the orders of 'foreign tresspassers'.
2: People and Soldiers in the Battle at Bareilly (5 May 1858)
10.2.2 Extent and Intensity The Revolt of 1857 swept Northern India like a hurricane. Nearly half of East India Company's Indian soldiers rebelled. Everywhere in Northern India, the soldiers' rebellion was followed by popular revolts of the civilian population. According to one estimate, of the total number of about 1,50,000 men who died fighting the English in Avadh, over 1,00,000 were civilians. The Revolt soon embraced a wide area engulfing Avadh, Rohilkhand, the Duab, the Bundelkhand, Central India, large parts of Bihar, and East Punjab. There were uprising in Rajasthan at Nasirabad, Nimach and Kota. In Kolhapur also the sepoys rose in arms. In many of the princely states of these regions, the rulers remained loyal to the British but the soldiers and people joined the rebels or refused to fight against them. W.H. Russel, who toured India in 1885 as the correspondent of the London Times, wrote: "In no instance is a friendly glance directed to the white man's carriage Oh! that language of the eye! Who can doubt? Who can misinterpret it? It is by its alone that I have learnt out race is not even feared at times by many and that by all it is disliked."
3: Times currespondent viewing the sacking of Kaiserbagh at Lucknow.
Great strength was imparted to the Revolt by Hindu-Muslim unity. Both at the level of sepoys and the people as well as at the level of leaders there was full cooperation between Hindus and Muslims. The Revlot also threw up some courageous and brilliant leaders Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, Tantya Tope, Begum Hazrat Mahal of Avadh, Kunwar Singh, Khan Bahadur or Bareilly, Maulavi Ahmadullah of Faizabad, and Bakht Khan, the petty officer in the British army who rose to become a General of the rebel army, are some of the famous names of the Revolt. Above all, the ordinary sepoys and common people fought with exemplary courage and unselfish devotion.
4: Begam Hazarat Mahal
10.2.3 Defeat In the end, British imperialism, at the height of its power the world over, succeeded in ruthlessly suppressing the Revolt. The reasons were many. Despite its wide reach, the Revolt could not embrace the entire country or all sections of Indian society. Bengal, South India and large parts of Punjab remained outside its reach since these areas had already exhausted themselves through prolonged rebellions and struggle against the British. Most rulers of Indian states and the big zamindars remained loyal to the foreign rulers. Thus, Scindhia of Gwalior, Holkar of Indore, the Nizam of Hyderabad, the Rajput rulers of Jodhpur and many other Rajputana states, the Nawab of Bhopal, the rulers of Patiala and Kashmir, the Ranas of Nepal, and many other rulers and chieftains gave active support to the British in suppressing the Revolt. In general, merchants and moneylenders either supported the British or refused to help the rebels. The modem educated Indians also did not support the Revolt. The leaders of the Revolt fought with courage, but could neither coordinate their struggle nor evolve a unified high command. Instead, they indulged in constant petty quarrels. The rebels were short of modern weapons and often had to fight with primitive weapons such as swords and spikes. They were very poorly organised. The sepoys were brave but at times there was lack of discipline which affected their military efficiency.
5: Rani Jhansi in Battle field. Above all the rebels lacked a modern understanding of British colonialism or the nature of the state and society which was to replace it. They were united by their hatred of the British rule and the desire to restore pre-British economic, political and social relations, but shared no conception of the political or socioeconomic structure of free India. This was perhaps inevitable. Common all-India feeling and interests were yet to evolve. Perhaps if the Revolt had lasted a few years, a common modern understanding and national consciousness would have evolved in the course of the struggle, as it did later; but the rebels were given no such time- their revolt was crushed by the end of 1858.
This first great struggle of the Indian people to win freedom from British domination was not in vain. It left an indelible mark on the consciousness of the Indian people and served as a permanent source of inspiration to the later struggle for freedom.
Check Your Progress 1 Note: i) ii) 1)
Use the space given below for your answer. Check your answer with that given at the end of the unit.
Write in about 100 words the main causes behind the Revolt of 1857. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………....………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Which of the following statements are right or wrong ? Mark (9) or (X). i)
The Revolt of 1857 was the first effort at a national level to overthrow British rule.
The revolt of 1857 was only a sepoy mutiny
All the merchants and moneylenders supported the revolt of 1857.
Hindu-Muslim unity gave added strength to the revolt of 1857.
Give the names of three Indians rulers who supported the British in 1857. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………
Give the names of three Indian leaders who opposed the British in 1857. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………
10.3 EARLY PHASE OF THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT The defeat of the Revolt of 1857 made it clear that uprisings based on old outlooks and social forces could not defeat modern imperialism. For that, new social forces, new ideologies, a modern political movement based on an understanding of modern imperialism and capable of mobilizing the masses for nationwide political activity were needed. Such a movement was initiated during the second half of the 19th century by modern nationalist intelligentsia. The new movement had a much narrower social base, but was inspired by new political ideas, new intellectual perception of reality and new social, economic and political objectives. It also represented new forces and forms of struggle, new leading classes and new techniques of political organisation. Many factors were responsible for the rise of this powerful movement. But the decisive factor was the gradual emergence of the contradiction between the interests of the Indian people as a whole and the interests of the British rule, which was leading to the increasing underdevelopment of the Indian economy and society. It was also hampering India's further economic, social, cultural, intellectual and political developments. Let us briefly have a look at the factors that contributed towards the emergence of organised nationalism.
10.3.1 Role of Intellectuals Initially, this process was grasped only by the modern Indian intellectuals. Paradoxically, during this first half of the 19th century, they had adopted a very supportive approach towards colonial rule: They had believed that the restructuring of Indian society could occur under British rule because Britain was the most advanced country of the time. They hoped that the British would help India get rid of its past backwardness.
The intellectuals, attracted by modem industry and the prospects of modern economic development, hoped that, Britain would industrialize India and introduce modern capitalism. They believed that Britain, guided by the doctrine of democracy, civil liberties, and sovereignty of the people, would introduce modern science and technology and modern knowledge in India, leading to the cultural and social regeneration of its people.
The emerging unification of the Indian people was an added attraction. Consequently, they supported British rule even during the Revolt of 1857 and described it as 'providential' or "ordained by Gods that be". The second half of the 19th century witnessed the gradual disillusionment of the intellectuals, for experience increasingly showed that that expectations were misplaced and based on a wrong understanding of the nature and character of British rule. The intellectuals realised that: In practice, British colonialism was disrupting Indian economy and preventing the rise of modern industry and agriculture. Instead of promoting democracy and self-government, British administrators were arguing for the imposition of permanent benevolent despotism in India. They neglected the education of the masses, curbed civil liberties and pursued a policy of divide and rule.
Thus, in such a situation what were the intellectuals supposed to do? Gradually, the intelligentsia created political associations to spread political education and to initiate political work in the country. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the first Indian leader to start an agitation for political reforms in India. The Bengal British Indian Society and other associations were founded in 1840s and 1850s to promote general public interests. But these associations were local in character and were dominated by wealthy and aristocratic elements. However, in 1870s and 1880s more modern, explicitly political, and middle class based organizations like Poona Sarvajanik Sabha in Maharashtra, the Indian Association in Bengal, Madras Mahajan Sabha, and Bombay Presidency Association came up all over the country.
10.3.2 Role of Colonial State The open reactionary character of Lytton's Viceroyalty from 1876 to 1880 quickened the pace of Indian nationalism. We list some of the reactionary methods adopted by Lytton: The Arms Act of 1878 disarmed the entired Indian people at one stroke. The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 sought to suppress the growing Indian criticism of British rule. The reduction of the maximum age for sitting in the Indian Civil Service Examination from 21 years to 19 further reduced the chances of Indians entering the Civil Service. The holding of a lavish imperial Durbar (in 1877) at a time when millions of Indians were dying of famine and the waging of a costly war against Afghanistan at the cost of the Indian economy. The removal of import duties on British textile imports threatened the existence of the newly rising Indian textile industry.
All these were clear manifestations of the colonial character of British rule in India. In 1883, the new viceroy, Lord Ripon, tried to assuage Indian feelings by removing a glaring instance of racial discrimination by passing the IIbert Bill which would enable Indian district and session judges to try Europeans in criminal
cases. The Government was compelled to amend the Bill by a vehement, racialist agitation led by the European in India. These factors created a congenial environment for the growth of Indian nationalism.
10.3.3 Emergence of the Indian National Congress The time was now ripe for the formation of an all-lndia organization which could organise and coordinate the political activities of Indians all over the country against foreign rule and exploitation. Various attempts were made in this direction for several years. Surendra Nath Banerjee took the lead by forming the Indian Association. The idea finally got a concrete shape when a large group of political workers such as Dadabhai Naoroji, Justice M.G. Ranade, K.T. Telang and Badruddin Tyabji cooperated with A. O. Hume, a retired English Civil servant, in holding the first session of the Indian National Congress at Bombay in December 1885. The struggle for India's independence was thus launched though on a rather small scale.
7: The First Indian National Congress 1885. The early nationalist leaders believed that a direct struggle for freedom was not yet on the agenda of history. Instead, they had first to lay the foundations of such struggle. Would you like to know what were then the basic objectives of the early Indian nationalists ? i)
One of the basic objectives of the early nationalists was to promote the feeling of national unity, to weld India into a nation, to help create an Indian people, to meet the imperialist charge that Indians were not a people or nation but a mere grouping of hundreds of diverse races, languages, castes and religions.
The second basic objective was to create a national political platform or programme on which all Indians could agree and which could serve as the basis for all-lndia political activity.
The third objective was the politicisation of the people and the creation of public interest in political questions and the training and organization of pubic opinion in the country.
Another important aim of the time was the creation of an all-lndia political leadership. No movement without a headquarters, that is, a united leadership. Such a leadership on a country-wide level did not exist in the 1880s. Allied to this was the need to train a common band of political workers or cadre to carry on political work.
Thus, the basic objectives of the early nationalists can best be summed up as the creation of a broad-based anti-colonial, nationalist movement on an all lndia basis.
Check Your Progress 2 Note:
i) ii)
Use the space given below for your answer. Check your answer with that given at the end of the unit.
Which of the following statements are right or wrong '? Mark (9) or (X). i) After 1857 it became clear that new methods were needed to defeat imperialism. ii) The Indian intellectuals always remained loyal to the British. iii) The British encouraged civil liberties. iv) Indian economy flourished under British rule.
What were the basic objectives of the early nationalists ? Answer in about 10 lines. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …............................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................
10.4 MODERATE AND MILITANT NATIONALISTS The most important contribution of the early nationalists, known as Moderate nationalists, was their economic critique of imperialism and their persistent agitation on economic questions. They analyzed all the three forms of colonial economic exploitation, that is exploitation through trade, industry and finance. They clearly grasped that the essence of British colonialism lay in the subordination of the Indian economy to the British economy. They vehemently opposed the British attempt to develop in India the basic characteristics of a colonial economy, namely. the transformation of India into a supplier of raw materials, a market for British manufacturers, and a field of investment for foreign capital.
10.4.1 Moderates: Aims and Methods The early nationalists constantly agitated for democratic civil rights, a free press, and a democratic and nonracialist administration. In fact, it was during this period and as a result of political work by the nationalists that democratic ideas began to take root among the Indian people in general, and the intelligentsia in particular. The Moderates also agitated for the spread of modern education, science and technology. In the political field, they demanded reforms that would lead to greater share for Indians in the administration and the legislative machinery. The weakness of the early nationalists lay in the narrow social base of the movement. The movement did not, as yet, have a wide appeal. It did not penetrate down to the masses. The Moderates' political work was
confined to the urban educated middle classes. Their programme and policies, however, were not confined to the interests of the middle classes. They took up the causes of all sections of the Indian people and represented the interests of the emerging Indian nation against colonial domination. The Moderates believed in the methods of constitutional agitation within the tour walls of law. Thus, they relied on agitation through public meetings and newspapers. They also sent numerous carefully prepared and argued memorials and petitions to the Government. Though on the surface these memorials, etc., were addressed to the Government, their real objective was to educate and politicise the Indian people. For example, Justice Ranade explained to the young G. K. Gokhale in 1891: You don't realize our place in the history of our country. These memorials are nominally addressed to Government, in reality they are addressed to the people, so that they may learn how to think in these matters because politics of this kind is altogether new in this land. In spite of their political mildness, they aroused intense hostility from the officials. British officials and statesmen condemned them as disloyal and seditious elements. Lord Curzon, the Viceroy, declared in 1900 that it was his ambition to contribute to the death of the Congress. This was because the Moderate had, on however small a scale, generated an anti-imperialist awakening in the country. Their powerful economic critique of imperialism was to serve as the main plank of nationalist agitation in the later years of active mass struggle against British Colonialism. They had, by their economic agitation, undermined the moral foundations of British rule by exposing its cruel, exploitative character. Moreover, the political work of the Moderates was based on a concrete study and analysis of the hard reality of the life of the people rather than on shallow and narrow appeals to religion and mere emotion. Once a sound basis for a national movement was laid, mass struggles could come, and did come, in time.
10.4.2 Militant Nationalists: Aims and Methods The beginning of the 20th century witnessed the development of the Indian National Movement to a new, higher stage under a new militant nationalist leadership. This was in part the fruition of the earlier nationalist agitation, and in part the consequence of the reassertion of imperialism at the end of the 19th century. The symbol of the new imperial assertion, of despotism and 'efficiency', was Lord Curzon the Viceroy since 1899. Political Indians now despaired of getting political concessions from the rulers through political argument and methods of polite agitation. Indians must, they realized, depend on themselves and take recourse to mass politics and mass agitation around the goal of independence from Britain. The social and economic conditions of the country also pointed in the same direction. Economic decay and stagnation. the fruits of colonial underdevelopment, were beginning to surface by the end of the 19th century. Symbolic in this respect were the famines that devastated the country from 1987 to 1900, and killed millions. Several international events at this time contributed to the growth of militant nationalism. The defeat of the Italian army by the Ethiopians in 1896 and Russia by Japan in 1905 exploded the myth of European superiority. Similar was the impact of the revolutionary movements in Ireland, Russia, Egypt, Turkey and China: a united people, who were willing to make sacrifices, were surely capable of overthrowing foreign despotic rule even if it appeared powerful on the surface. A new political leadership now emerged on the scene. The most prominent in it were Bal Gangadhar Tilak, known as the Lokmanya, Aurobindo Ghose, Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai. The new leadership believed and preached that Indians trust rely on their own efforts, on their own political activity and on their own sacrifices. Their political work and outlook encouraged self-reliance and self-confidence. Moreover,
they possessed deep faith in the strength of the Indian people and mass action. Once the masses took up politics, they asserted, it would be impossible for the British to suppress the national movement. They, therefore, pressed for political work among the masses. They also denied that British rule could be reformed from within. Swaraj or independence was to be the goal of the resurgent national movement.
10.5 SWADESHI MOVEMENT Thus, conditions were ready for the national Movement to advance to a higher stage. The spark was provided when the movement announced its decision to partition the province of Bengal on 20 July 1905. The decision, as the Government claimed, was allegedly based on administrative grounds. But the people of Bengal saw it as an effort to divide the nationalistically inclined Bengali people and thus stem the rising tide of militant nationalism in Bengal and India. Political agitation was inaugurated by a general hartal and a day of fasting on 16 October in Calcutta. Huge crowds paraded in the streets of Calcutta and a mammoth meeting of 50,000 was held in the evening. Entire Bengal, from cities to villages, was reverberating with meetings, processions and demonstrations. Soon a new form of political action was added. All foreign goods were to he boycotted and Swadeshi or Indian-made goods along were to he used. In many places public burnings of foreign cloth were organized and shops selling foreign cloth were picketed. The new leadership also gave a call for passive resistance to the authorities. This was to take the form of non-cooperation with the Government by boycotting schools and colleges, the courts, and government services. This part of the programme could not, however, be put into practice on a significant scale. The new leadership also raised the slogan of independence from foreign rule. One result was that Dadabhai Naoroji declared in his presidential address to the Congress in December 1906 that the goal of the Congress was "self-government or Swaraj". The militant leadership succeeded in involving large sections of the rural and urban people in the movement. In particular, students, women and urban workers participated enthusiastically in the movement. The slogans of Swadeshi and Swaraj were soon taken up by other provinces. Boycott of foreign cloth was organized on all-lndia scale. The entire country began to be united in a bond of' common sympathy and common politics. The Government responded with quick repression. Meetings were banned, newspapers suppressed, political workers jailed, several leaders deported, and students beaten up. Efforts were made to divide the Moderates from Militants and Hindus from Muslims. At the same time, the new leadership failed to, discover or implement new forms of organization and struggle which would correspond to their new and advanced political understanding. For example, it failed to put passive resistance into practice. Consequently, the Government succeeded to a large extent in suppressing the movement which did not survive the imprisonment and deportation of Tilak for 6 years, the retirement from active politics of Bipin Chandra Pal and Aurobindo Ghose and departare from India of Lala Lajpat Rai. The youth finding no effective outlet in mass political activity and responding emotionally and heroically to government repression, increasingly adopted revolutionary terrorism and assassination of hated officials as a style of politics. Anushilan and Jugantar were the two important revolutionary groups of this period.However, revolutionary terrorists lacked a mass base and could not continue for long. But they um made a valuable contribution to the growth of the national movement. As a historian has put it, "they gave us back the pride of our manhood".
8: Annie Besant The national movement was in a rather dormant state from 1909 to 1916. But it revived during the First World War when Annie Besant, an English admirer of Indian Culture and the newly released Lokmanya Tilak started a popular, all-lndia constitutional agitation under the auspices of the two Indian Home Rule Leagues. Indian revolutionaries abroad were also very active during the War of special importance was the establishment of a mass Ghadar (Rebellion) Party in U.S.A. and Canada which had branches in East Asia and South-East Asia and which tried to organize armed uprisings in India. Check Your Progress 3 Note: i) ii)
Use the space given below for your answer. Check your answer with that given at the end of the unit
Differentiate between the methods adopted by moderates and militant nationalists Answer in about 10 lines. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………..…..........................................................
Why were the moderate nationalists condemned by the British as seditious elements'' Answer in about 10 lines ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………................................................................................
What do you understand by Swadeshi Movement? To what extent was this movement an advance in terms of methods adopted by earlier nationalists? Answer in about 100 words.
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10.6 SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORM AND CULTURAL RENAISSANCE Immense intellectual and cultural stirrings characterized 19th and 10th century India; the intellectual life of the Indian people began to undergo a radical transformation. Indian intellectuals were aware of the fact that a vast country like India had been colonized by a handful of foreigners because of the internal weaknesses of Indian society. They, therefore, launched a critique of the evils existing in the Indian social structure and culture. In particular, they were aware of India's lag in the fields of science and social knowledge, for along with colonialism, modern western ideas and culture were also making their entry into India. These were based on rationalism or belief in science and human reason and humanism or the love of human beings and confidence in their capacity to progress. Indian intellectuals were powerfully drawn to rationalism and the humanist conception of society-the conception that every human being is to be respected for his or her own sake. Their efforts to implement these ideals in different fields have been described by historians as Renaissance-analogous to the European Renaissance of the 12th-15th centuries. Even though the forces of religious and social reform and cultural renewal arose at different times and in different forms and with differing content in different parts of the country, their general perspective was very similar and they represented more or less a common consciousness and understanding of the ills of Indian society and their remedies.
10.6.1 Prominent Reformers: Issues and Views The person who initiated the process of intellectual and cultural awakening was Raja Rammohan Roy. Even though possessing a great regard for, and learning in, the traditional philosophic systems of the East, he believed that modern culture, a rational and scientific approach to society and religion based on the principles of human dignity and equality alone could regenerate Indian society. Rammohan was followed by a galaxy of intellectuals and religious and social reformers. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Keshub Chandra Sen, Sayyed Ahmed Khan, Gopal Hari Deshmukh, Jotiba Phule, Swami Dayanand, Justice Ranade, Ramakrishna Paramhansa, Viresalingam, Narayana Guru, Vivekananda, E.V Ramaswami Naicker arc some of the names that readily come to mind. The religious reformers vigorously opposed religious dogmatism and blind faith, rigidity of caste, and prevalence of meaningless religious rituals, ceremonies and superstitions. Some of them also opposed the priesthood where it had become too rigid or corrupt. They stood for the reform of existing Hindusim, Islam and Sikhism. The social reformers attacked the caste system, especially inequality and oppression based on the caste system. In particular, they condemned the degraded and unequal position of women in Indian society and argued that women and men were equal in intellect and moral sense. They fought for the abolition of the practice of Sati; they attacked polygamy or the system of men having more than one wife; they advocated widow remarriage and education of women; some of them, like Rammohan, argued that women should have the right of inheritance and property.
The battle against the caste system was also in time taken up by intellectuals and reformers belonging to the so called "lower castes". Jotiba Phule, Narayana Guru and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar were three of the most outstanding fighters against the inequities of the caste system. Gandhi linked the struggle against colonialism with the struggle against untouchability. He made it mandatory for a member of the Congress to refuse to practise untouchability and to oppose its practice by others. He founded the All India Harijan Seva Sangh to work for the social, cultural, economic and educational uplife of the harijans. While the women's cause was taken up mainly by male social reformers in the 19th century, in the 20th century the women themselves came forward to fight for their own social liberation. A number of women's magazines, many of them edited by women, appeared and, in the 1930s the women's movement took an organised form when the All-lndia Women's Conference was formed. The national movement, trade unions and Kisan Sabhas too took up the cause of women's rights. It was a result of these reformist efforts and social struggles that complete equality of sexes and a ban on any discrimination on the basis of sex or caste were enshrined in the Constitution of free India. All the reformers tried to apply the rational approach to religion and society. They wanted religious and social thought and practices to be based not on faith but on human reason and the good of humanity. Opposing blind adherence to authority, they were willing to modify and even abandon religious principles and inherited social traditions if they contradicted reason or logic or were harmful to society. Swami Vivekanand, for example, said: Is religion to justify itself by the discoveries of reason through which every science justifies itself? Are the same methods of investigation which apply to the sciences and knowledge outside, to be applied of the science of religion? In my opinion, this must be so, and I am also of opinion that the sooner this is done the better. Similarly, Sayyid Ahmed Khan all his life opposed blind obedience to tradition and dependence on irrationalism and advocated adoption of a critical approach "So long as freedom of thought is not developed, there can be no civilized life". Even Swami Dayanand, the most conservative of religious reformers, while holding that the Vedas were infallible, said that they were to be interpreted by normal human beings and not by a priestly class. In other words, the Vedas meant what individual reason accepted and indicated. Swami Dayanand, consequently, led a revolt against Hindu orthodoxy.
10.6.2 Their Approach The religious and social reformers were willing to appeal to tradition in support of their reforms, and often claimed that they were reviving pure beliefs and practices of the past. Many appealed to the ancient scriptures. But, interestingly, the past was evoked essentially to support the new outlook, tradition was used as an instrument to make reform more palatable. And whenever and wherever tradition conflicted with the suggested reforms, it was declared to be false or even frontally opposed. As pointed out earlier, the ultimate appeal was not to the past, but to human reason and social good. Justice Ranade, for example, wrote: "The dead and the buried or burnt are dead, buried and burnt once for all, and the dead past cannot, therefore, be revived." Similarly, Gandhiji's entire campaign for the "root and branch removal of untouchability" was based on humanism and reason. While arguing that untouchability had no sanctions in the Hindu shastras, he declared that shastras should be ignored if they went against human dignity. Truth, he said, could not be confined within the convers of a book.
Apart from gains in the field of religious and social welfare, the reformers' work contributed to the growth of patriotism. It enhanced their self-confidence and confidence in their own culture. Even while contributing to the opening of their minds to the winds of change and modern ideas, it prevented blind copying of the West. It was a part of what historian K.N. Panikkar has described as cultural defence against the colonialization of the culture and ideology of the Indian people. As Jawaharlal Nehru was to put it: The rising middle classes were politically inclined and were not so much in search of a religion; but they wanted some cultural roots to cling on to, something that gave them assurance of their own worth, something that would reduce the sense of frustration and humiliation that foreign conquest and rule had produced. After 1920, many nationalists and reformers applied the techniques of Satyagraha and mass agitation and mobilization to fight for democratization of society and religious reform. This often brought them into conflict with the colonial authorities, thus directly linking and even merging the reform movements with the anti-imperialist struggle. Two prime examples of this were the Akali movement for the reform of Gurudwaras or Sikh temples in Punjab during the early 1920s and Gandhi's struggle against untouchability during the 1920s and early 1930s.
10.6.3 Their Methods Nationalist intellectuals and leaders saw that not only Indian culture had to be renovated and modernized but also made popular. For this purpose they advocated, on the one hand, the spread of modern education and, one the other, the development of modern Indian languages. Though the colonial authorities initially, from 1830s to 1860s, encouraged modern education, they soon began to drag their feet when they found that many among the newly educated Indians were taking to nationalism. Indians now took to promoting schools and colleges on their own. During the Swadeshi agitation and the Non-cooperation Movement (1920-22), the nationalists gave a call for a system of National Education outside the colonial framework. Hundreds of National Schools and Colleges and several National Universities came up at that time. But it was, in the main, through the Indian languages press and literature that cultural renaissance and cultural struggle was carried on: i)
From the beginning of the 19th century nationalist and modern Indians, made Indian languages the vehicle for the popularization of their reformist and nationalist ideas. To enable Indian languages to play this role successfully, they undertook such humdrum tasks as preparation of primers, etc. For example, both Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and Rabindranath Tagore wrote Bengali primers which are being used till this day. From the 1860s, nationalist leaders agitated for inclusion of Indian languages in the college curriculum and for a bigger role for them in the educational system. In fact, the spread of modern ideas among the mass of people occurred primarily through Indian languages. The most important role in this respect was that of the press; and once again pioneering work was done by Rammohan Roy who brought out journals in Bengali, Persian and Hindi to spread scientific, literary and political knowledge among the people. In Maharashtra, a similar role was played by Gopal Hari Deshmukh, popularly known as Lokhitavadi. Hundreds of Indian language newspapers and journals made their appearance during the 19th century. They were started not as profit-making business enterprises, but as labour of love and social commitment with a view to disseminate nationalist and reformist ideas among the people. There is hardly a major modern Indian political or social figure who did not edit or write for the popular Indian language press. The Amrit Bazar Patrika, Som Prakash, and Sanjivani in Bengali;
Rast Goftar and Gujarat Samachar in Gujarati; Indu prakash, Dhyan Prakash , Kesari and Sudharak in Marathi; Swadesmitra in Tamil; Andhra Prakasika, Andhra Patrika in Telugu; Matrubhoomi in Malayalam; the Hindi Pradeep, Elindustani, Aj and Pratap in Hindi; Azad, Akbar-i-Am and Koh-i-Noor in Urdu; and Utkal Dipika in Oriya, were some of the major newspapers of the time. ii)
Modern literature in Indian languages in the form of poetry, novels and short stories, and essays was the second form though which cultural renaissance and patriotic sentiments were manifested as well as promoted. From about the middle of he 19th century, powerful literary trends emerged in nearly all the Indian languages. Already by 1860s, patriotic poems and songs in Bengali and other languages had made their appearance. These two genre of literature were to become major instruments of mass political agitation and mobilization in the 20th century. Almost every Indian language was to throw up major poets during the 10h and 20 the centuries. Rabindranath Tagore and Kazi Nazrul Islam in Bengali; Bharatendu Harishchandra and Maithili Sharan Gupta in Hindi; Muhammad Iqbal, Altaf Hussain Hali and Josh Malihabadi in Urdu; Subramaniya Bharati in Tamil; Kumaran Asan, and Vallathol in Malayalam; Lakshminath Bezbarua in Assamese, were some of the major poets of 19th and 20th centuries.
Nationalist drama had its beginnings in 1860 with Dinabandbu Mitra's play Nil Darpan which dealt with the British indigo planters' oppression of the peasants. India also produced powerful novelists and short story writers who took up nationalist and reformist themes, often dealing with class and caste oppression and the sorry plight of women in Indian society. Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Sarat Chandra, Rabindranath Tagore and Prem Chand were some of the major writers whose novels and short stories were translated and published in nearly all the Indian languages. Essays were another genre through which Indian nationalists and reformers spread their ideas. Some of the major essayists of the 19th century were Gopal Hari Deshmukh, Vishnushastri Chiplunkar and Viresalingam. Cultural renaissance was also manifested in music, painting and other arts and later in films. The person who strode the cultural scene for over 60 years was Rabindranath Tagore who left his mark on almost every aspect of literature-poetry, novel, short story, drama and essays. In his old age he also took to painting. He was a major inspiring figure of the Swadeshi Movement. In 1919, he renounced the title of a Knight (sir) in protest against the Jallianwalla massacre. In 1913, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. He also founded the Vishwabharati University at Shantiniketan to promote Indian culture and to impart national education.
Check Your Progress 4 Note: i) ii) 1)
Use the space given below for your answer. Check your answer with that given at the end of the unit.
Which of the following statements are right or writing. Mark (9) or (X). i) Religious reformers supported dogmatism and blind faiths. ii) Sati and polygamy were attacked by reformers. iii) Struggle against untouchability was a matter of great importance for Gandhi. iv) The Indian language newspapers contributed in the growth of nationalist feelings.
v) The play Nil Darpan dealt with the condition of emigrant Indians. 2)
Discuss in about five lines the issues taken up by reformers in relation to upliftment of women. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10.7 LET US SUM UP The first war of independence demonstrated that the Indians were no longer prepared to accept servitude. However, the failure of the rebellion demonstrated the weaknesses of the struggle. The Indian middle class came forward to initiate a new form of struggle based on creating an anti-colonial awareness at an all India level. The repressive policies of the colonial administration helped the task of the early nationalists. They carried out a campaign through press and petitions. Soon there emerged a section among the nationalist leaders who wanted to shed away the constitutionalist approach and adopt other methods of struggle. They came to be known as militant nationalists. The British continued with their repressive policies, and the partition of Bengal gave a new turn to the national movement. The Swadeshi Movement, though still not fully a mass movement, was a major step towards mass mobilization. Another new trend was the emergence of revolutionary terrorism. There was yet another aspect to the national movement. Many social and religious reformers, guided by rationalism and humanism fought against the evils that existed in Indian society. The press and literature contributed immensely towards a new awakening in India.
10.8 KEY WORDS Dogmatism: Uncritical acceptance of any belief or ideology. Mass Mobilization: Process of bringing mass of people together for a definite political objective. National Consciousness: Awareness of belonging to a nation (a) through a process of struggle and self-realization, and (b) through education and mobilization by the nationalist leaders. Nationalism: An ideology which emerged in opposition to colonial domination, secondly it offered itself as a social, political, economic alternative to colonialism. In contrast to Europe where it arose due to the need of a united market, in India it arose as a specific need of Indian people to find an alternative to colonial rule. Patriotism: Feeling of loyalty towards one's own nation. Zamindars: Permanent holders of land in the countryside whose share of revenue was fixed by the British Government.
10.9 ANSWERS TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS/ EXERCISES Check Your Progress I 1)
See sub-sec. 10.2.1
i) 9ii) X iii) X iv) 9
i) For example, Scindhia of Gwalior Holkar of Indore Nizam of Hyderabad ii) Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi Kunwar Singh Tantya Tope
Check Your Progress 2 1)
i) 9 ii) X iii) X iv) X
2) See Sub-sec. 10.3.3 Check Your Progress 3 1) See Sub-sec. 10.4.1 and 10.4.2 2) See Sub-see. 10.4.1 3) See section 10.5 Check Your Progress 4 1) i) X ii) 9 iii) 9iv)9 v) X 2) See Sub-see. 10.6.1
Published on Mar 25, 2011
Published on Mar 25, 2011
10.5 Swadeshi Movement 10.6 Socio-Religious Reform and Cultural Renaissance 10.6.1 Prominent Reformers: Issues and Views 10.6.2 Their Approa...


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Alayna - posted on 06/15/2015 ( 2 moms have responded )
I live in Indiana with my2young children and my husband left for basic about3months ago. We saw him at graduation briefly and obviously things felt different but new he's even father from home in Texas for ait. I've never been jealous before so this is super new but most of his battle buddies are females, beautiful females! I'm not worried about him cheating but I feel irrelevant, it might just be the lack of affection and intimacy but he's bonded with these women through basic and now in ait.
I guess I feel threatened.
I've always been a carefree person not really carrying what others think but since his absence I'm feeling like I'm falling behind and need to catch up. I feel like he's in a club I'm not a part of and don't understand.
We've always done everything together! :(
I need help, I don't want to bring it to him because it makes me look jealous and I want him to look at me like a confident woman who has her stuff together!

subset: commoncrawl


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09-06-2012, 07:57 PM #1Registered User
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CO - The Stalking and Mysterious Death of Morgan Ingram #5
I ran across this blog, and found it fascinating. You can spend hours reading her entries looking for leads or clues.
"One year ago today Morgan's stalking started"
The family posts this on August 2nd.
Their daughter was stalked for 4 months, and in Dec of 2011 she died under mysterious circustances. There was no investigation.
The family has been posting events on the one year anniversary of the occurance each day leading up until her death.
So they will be posting every day until December.
Their site apparently is now getting over 40,000 hits a day as more and more people are reading about what they went through, and what little was done by police enforcement to catch the stalker and also to investigate her death.
The blog format is a bit conufusing. After each daily post, there is a separate comment section, and then also you scroll back up and hit 'next'
to read the next days post.
There are a months worth of posts now, and it seems there will be plenty to read in the coming weeks. They have been incredibly responsive to comments and also incredibly appreciative.
I'm curious to everybody's thoughts and insight on this.
May we discuss it?
Here are some ground rules for posting on this unique case:
1)no bashing of the family
2)no sleuthing of the family
3)discuss the blog posts
4)do not copy and paste blog comments
5)no speculation on mental illness of the family or Morgan (there is nothing in the msm to back this up)
6)use the alert button to communicate any posts that you have a question with
7)leave the snark and personal attacks at the door
after reviewing the entire thread I will also add on sleuthing the parents' property..
[ame="https://www.websleuths.com/forums/showthread.php?p=8347609#post8347609"]no discussion timeline/media/photo thread[/ame]
[ame="https://www.websleuths.com/forums/showthread.php?t=183957"]thread #1[/ame]
[ame="https://www.websleuths.com/forums/showthread.php?p=8371203#post8371203"]thread #2[/ame]
thread #3
thread #4
important! Please read:
Unless you are a VERIFIED expert in pharmacology,toxicology,pathology or an area of expertise more specifically related to the issue of Morgan's tox results- We need to link information regarding interpreting the data as it relates to her postmortem blood levels.
We already know that experts themselves are not in complete agreement and the issue is very complex so we need to be careful about posting data as fact when none of us, to date, are verified experts in this field.
You can discuss the issue in general terms but if anything specific regarding the interpretation of the data it must be linked to the source of the information . Posts that do not comply will be removed.
Thank you so much!
Last edited by nursebeeme; 09-25-2012 at 09:13 AM.
09-18-2012, 11:09 AM #2Registered User
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link to Tricia's interview this past Sunday:
[ame="https://www.websleuths.com/forums/showpost.php?p=8368051&postcount=56"]Websleuths Crime Sleuthing Community - View Single Post - Websleuths Radio Archived Shows[/ame]
or listen here:
09-22-2012, 10:50 AM #3Registered User
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link to the question only/no discussion thread: (thanks JBean!)
[ame="https://www.websleuths.com/forums/showthread.php?t=185307"]**NO DISCUSSION** Morgan Ingram-The Questions **LIST ONLY** - Websleuths Crime Sleuthing Community[/ame]
09-25-2012, 09:11 AM #4Registered User
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The Stalking and Mysterious Death of Morgan Ingram #5
Continue the discussion here:
I'm sure you all already covered this. But Toni talked about in the comments how the house was surrounded by pretty much dirt not just grass, so if anything from the ground was thrown at windows it would just blend in.
09-25-2012, 09:21 AM #6Registered User
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Morgani's obituary with some very, very nice comments:
From last thread; bringing over for Confusion (the WS member, hehe)
I've gone through the first part of my list of questions, and answered with possibilities/options I've been able to come up with for now. If you have any others you think should have been added, please let me know. Once I get through all of the questions I feel I need answers to, I want to go through them all and try piecing together the most likely chain of events. TIA for any help you can giveand please forgive my strange formatting. It makes it easier for me, but probably harder for others.
1. What actually killed her. That includes how much of the drugs she would have to take to get those levels in her system, whether it was the effects of the drugs or a complication (pulmonary edema, etc.)
Amitriptyline poisoning - unknown amount needed to get levels tested
Liquid � given orally
Liquid � given by injection
Tablets � crushed and hidden in food or drink
Powder � hidden in food or drink
Gel Caps � Emptied into food or drink
Flexeril - not likely to have caused death, but drug interaction may have contributed
Given by friend for muscle pain/spasms
Given by friend to help sleep
Bought for one of the above reasons
Combined with amitriptyline and administered with it (as above)
Dalmane - not likely to have caused death, but drug interaction may have contributed
Given by friend for sleep
Bought for sleep
Taken from friend's grandmother for sleep
Mixed with amitriptyline and/or Flexeril as above
Pulmonary Edema
Brought on by drug overdose
Brought on by inhalation of stomach contents
Brought on by undiagnosed heart or lung disease
Not likely because nothing turned up in the autopsy
2. How the drugs got into her system. This means - why were there drugs in her blood and stomach but no fragments, no 'stomach contents' (it was stated that the stomach was empty), no injection sites (as far as TI knows), no drug paraphernalia, empty bottles, etc. in the room.
Liquid � swallowed could be put a glass water bottle in she always carried with her everywhere or drink she had before going home
Liquid - injected
Powder � swallowed
Powder � inhaled
Powder � combined with water or other fluid and used as liquid above
Powder � combined with water or other fluid and used as gel below
Tablet � crushed and swallowed
Tablet � crushed and combined with fluid, as with liquid or gel
Gel � swallowed
Gel � trans-dermal application
3. Why the dogs didn't react that night.
Tessi did react somewhat, which led to her spending the night in the parents' room.
Wylah was a puppy and hadn't become much of a guard dog yet.
Wylah was drugged too
The person was known to the dogs
The person didn't actually enter the house that night
The person was hidden in the home/garage when the family came home and didn't alarm the dogs
4. How someone could have entered her room that night without being seen or heard, and without leaving any kind of evidence.
Learned the code for the door and entered while the family was gone, and:
Hid in an unused room until everyone was asleep
Unlocked the garage door (and the interior door to the garage)
Unlocked the unused sliding glass door.
Unlocked a window or opened one in a spare room
Mixed the drugs with something she would be likely to eat or drink later.
Was invited in because s/he was an unlikely suspect
Somehow managed to give her the drugs before she went home and never entered the home
5. Why nobody, other than the deer, was caught on film that night.
Knew how the cameras worked (timing and areas covered) and worked around them
Kept trees or other objects between self and cameras
Very lucky (not at all likely)
Nobody was there
6. Why the stalker would choose that (a)time and (b)method to kill her.
Was almost caught recently
Was becoming bored with just stalking
Reactions weren't strong enough anymore
All of the security measures were too much work for too little reward
Didn't mean to kill her, but used wrong doses/drugs
Wanted to convince authorities that it WAS NOT murder to avoid investigation
Wanted to make sure the family knew it WAS murder
Used whatever was on hand
Wanted to prove intelligence by outsmarting authorities
Lacked physical strength to use physical violence
Couldn't handle seeing blood
Miscalculated and death was accidental
Wanted it to point to B & K if it was investigated
7. What made her last day different from those before it. That would include (a)the lack of appetite, (b)the preparations for going out, (c)not responding to texts, (d)losing her temper with TI, (e)other
Coming down with cold/flu/virus
Had already ingested drugs somehow the previous day/night
Exhaustion from lack of sleep
plans to meet the parents! (or grandparent, whatever the case may be)
happy because her relationship was changing direction
feeling closure with the old bf so she could totally enjoy the new one
At grandma's house and didn't want to explain what was going on with the texts
Was enjoying the company and didn't want to go home � afraid she'd have to go anyway
Didn't know her phone had been shut off
Not feeling well
Tired of having to be treated like a little girl
Frustrated with having to leave bf to go home
Guilt for worrying parents in order to relax and enjoy herself a bit
Upset already by something someone had said or done before she got home
Ex-bf at her house working with her father early in the day
Took bf to apply for jobs
Had breakfast date scheduled for next day
Was texting bf before going to bed
Told mother she had visited a friend's house (10-15 minutes) and had been at the same house 2 weeks ago, felt sick and thought someone slipped her something then
IMO, in regards to the stalker element, if someone is an avid hunter and hunting fanatic, wouldn't a human be the ultimate prey? Considering this point, typical stalking behavior could be absent because the act was not fueled by obsession of the prey but rather, the challenge of hunting "The Most Dangerous Game"?
I think under 6 (b), why the stalker would choose that method, we should add he wanted to go undetected. He wanted it to be quiet without waking the others in the house.
MOOThe world is a dangerous place to live; not because of the people who are evil, but because of the people who don't do anything about it.--Albert Einstein
09-25-2012, 12:21 PM #13Registered User
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New post on the blog:
Interesting to note this description of the stalking. Not sure what it means:
"...after being viciously gang stalked for four months..."
Is there evidence of a "gang" of stalkers that we haven't yet seen?
09-25-2012, 12:32 PM #14Registered User
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Well if there are a gang of them there should be some video of at least some of them or have they all managed to evade the surveillance?
09-25-2012, 12:39 PM #15Registered User
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Similar Threads
CO - The Stalking and Mysterious Death of Morgan Ingram #4By snarkymalarkey in forum Crimes in the NewsReplies: 1001Last Post: 09-25-2012, 09:20 AM
CO - The Stalking and Mysterious Death of Morgan Ingram #3By snarkymalarkey in forum Crimes in the NewsReplies: 1088Last Post: 09-22-2012, 10:57 AM


text:
By now, you've probably heard the news of Robin Roberts new health battle — blood cancer. While it may not be as talked about — as breast, colon, lung, prostate or leukemia — blood cancer is the 2nd leading cause of all cancer deaths in the U.S., with lung cancer being first.
Here are some more startling statistics:
- Blood cancer kills more children in the U.S. than any other disease.
- Every 4 minutes someone is diagnosed with blood cancer and every 10 minutes, blood cancer takes a precious life.
- Only 30% of patients find a match within their family. The other 70% of patients rely on a perfect stranger to give them a second chance at life.
- Sadly, 6 out of 10 patients never receive the lifesaving transplant they need.
Roberts admits to being lucky that her sister was a perfect match, as most are not. The statistics say it's easier to find a soul mate than a donor match! Look for yourself:
Perhaps, just as important as the stats of loss are the stats of life. When conventional treatments don't work, the only hope is a bone marrow transplant from a matching donor. More than 30,000 DKMS, the world's largest nonprofit bone marrow donor center with more than 3 million registered donors worldwide, have saved lives by donating their bone marrow.
Chief Inspiration Officer of DKMS, Katharina Harf gave this statement:
"My heart goes out to Robin. Similar to her, my mother had blood cancer after battling breast cancer. Robin is fortunate to have her sister be a perfect match – only 25% of patients are so lucky. My mother had 6 siblings and none of them matched. That's why we started DKMS, to help other patients in need—so no family would have to go through what we did. I admire Robin's strength and courage to share her story to raise awareness for Blood Cancer, the 2nd leading cause of all cancer deaths in the U.S. If we had more donors, many more lives could be saved, so I encourage everyone to register at getswabbed.org as bone marrow donors in support of Robin and all the patients waiting for a lifesaving match."
Every donor is a chance to save more lives and to defeat blood cancer. All you have to do to help is fill out a form and get swabbed
Here is how it works:
1. Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC) Donation:
- Cells are collected via the bloodstream. To increase the number of stem cells in the bloodstream, donors receive daily injections of a synthetic protein called filgrastim for 4 days before and on the day of the collection.
- On the day of collection the donor's blood is removed with a sterile needle from one arm and passed through a machine that separates out the blood stem cells. The remaining blood is returned to the donor through the other arm. The cell collection is an outpatient procedure that takes about 4-6 hours on 1-2 consecutive days.
- While taking the medication, many donors experience flu-like symptoms such as headaches, bone and muscle achiness and fatigue. Most side effects should subside within 48 hours of donating.
2. Bone Marrow Donation:
- Marrow cells are collected from the backside of the pelvic bone (not the spine) using a special syringe. Donors receive general anesthesia so no pain is experienced during the marrow extraction. This is a 1-2 hour, outpatient, surgical procedure.
- Many donors experience some pain, bruising and stiffness for up to two weeks after their donation. Within a week of donating, most donors are able to return to work, school and many regular activities. The donor's marrow is completely replenished within a few weeks.
Have you or a loved one suffered from Blood cancer or had a transplant? Are you registered?


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Veena's review of Wait Until Dark (The Night Stalkers, Book 4) by M.L. Buchman
Contemporary Romance published by Sourcebooks Casablanca 05 Feb 13
Women are finding their place in the special forces and now even into the elite SOAR, the units that are dispatched into areas so dark that their missions are invisible to all but the very highest echelon in the military. Connie Davis is the newest addition to the elite DAP helicopter team stationed in the Hindu Kush mountains. Born with a genius IQ and then orphaned at a tender age with no close relatives, she has been an outsider all her life. Will she be able to make her place in this tight-knit team and finally find the family she has lacked all her life? In this newest entry in the Night Stalker series, the author beautifully blends high-tech military technology, action, adventure, suspense with achingly beautiful romance.
As we revisit and catch up with the characters we've met before, we see the addition of Connie Davis to the crew of the helicopter Vengeance through the eyes of "Big" John Wallace, the flight engineer. He's baffled by his reaction to this mix of beauty and brains. His admiration of her mechanical skills and acumen that may even be better than his own, mixed in with the softer feelings about her as a beautiful person and what, if anything, he can do to melt the icy facade. Of course, unbeknowst to him, there is actually a lot going on under the cool facade; five tracks of things of which her awareness of him is definitely one.
While Connie is aware of her looks and the direct attention of the male species to get her into their bed, which she has certainly exercised. But, in reality, she is not interested in being a notch in someone's bedpost. It's very sweet that she is unaware when a fellow crew gently nudges her in that direction. The aha moment when she discovers this is very bittersweet.
Before there is any chance of a relationship developing between John and Connie, the crews are recalled stateside on what appears to be a top-secret mission. As their helicopters are going through some significant modifications the crew is given leave. On an impulse John invites Connie to spend the leave with his family. Connie has been a loner and a misfit all her life. She is totally blown away by John's family and their easy or uneasy acceptance of her in their life. Slowly but surely she starts to blend into the fabric of the family – from John's grandfather, who opens up and allows her to work on his old tractor with which he built his farm, to his sister who first appears like a prickly thorn but opens up to Connie and shares her deepest desire to follow in her brother's footsteps and, of course, John himself as he slowly acknowledges and acts upon his feelings.
The one thing Connie fears is death. Everyone she has loved has left her. She still has nightmares about her father's last mission and how he died and she's convinced that it's only a matter of time before she's killed. With her own childhood scars she's promised herself that she's never going to make an emotional commitment that will leave a vaccuum in someone's life. For the first time she makes an emotional connection with John and his family. It seems that John might be able to help her conquer her fears, but she's abruptly brought face to face with her deepest, darkest nightmare when John's grandfather passes. She does the one thing she's good at, she runs away to hide in plain sight.
It will take a grueling mission and facing her own mortality to finally bring home the lesson that it is better to have lived and loved than to live without love to help John and Connie find their happy ending. I love the slow buildup of the story and relationship, the cameo of life in small town America truly highlights what the men and women in our armed forces are truly fighting to protect and preserve.
I really enjoyed the poker game on the airplane ride from Afghanistan to Fort Campbell when Connie transforms from the sheep who was going to be fleeced into the lion who takes the victory thanks to her computer brain. That episode just highlights the camaraderie between the teams. Of course, the flip side when the poker game becomes a war game between John and Connie later in the story is quite an interesting read as well.
While I read my review to see how much I presented it from Connie's side of the story, one of the highlights of this book for me is how much of the story is presented in John's voice and I love the ability to see into John's head as the story progresses. Perhaps it is all that engineering precision that teaches John the patience he needs to win Connie over.
All in all, this book sucked me in and touched my heart. I cried and bled with John and Connie and their friends through the pages of this book and rejoiced in their happy ending. I am looking forward to meeting this lady helicopter pilot again. Perhaps she'll take co-pilot to Emily on the Vengeance or the other woman officer in the SOAR Assessment.
Grade: B
Two Crack Mechanics, One Impossible Mission
Being in The Night Stalkers is Connie Davis's way of facing her demons head-on, but mountain-strong John Wallace is a threat on all fronts. Their passion is explosive, but their conflicts are insurmountable. When duty calls them to a mission no one else could survive, they'll fly into the night together—ready or not.
Read an excerpt.
Other books in this series:


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You won't find them in places like the Astrodome, AT&T Park, or Dodgers Stadium.
They aren't pulling down $400,000 per baseball game nor do they have their images on the side of boxes of Wheaties.
Instead you'll find them at places like Brock Elliott School, Neil Hafley School, and Lincoln Park on spring afternoons.
They're men like Al Nunes and Bob Raymus who take the time to serve as mentors of young boys.
Adults – men and women - who give their time to community youth whether it is coaching, organizing or supporting various recreation sports leagues or running programs such as 4-H and Scouting – are arguably Manteca's most valuable asset.
They're not taking time away from family and personal pursuits to foster an up and coming baseball player such as Matt Berezay who first picked up a bat as a Manteca Little League player and is now part of the Los Angeles Dodgers organization.
They are out there to serve as role models for young people. The odds are overwhelmingly against most of the boys they coach even playing high school baseball let alone playing in the pros.
The reason they are doing it is they know that boys need direction and need to feel like they belong. They know it is less important that kids learn to hit a cut-off man perfectly than it is to learn respect, teamwork, and the value of hard work.
Nunes, who founded A.C. Trucking, was one of the three people who helped launch Manteca Little League in 1984. Nunes and two friends scrapped together $600 – a princely sum back then – to buy equipment for that first season. Nunes also got service clubs in Manteca together – Rotarians, Lions, and Kiwanians – to build baseball fields at Lincoln Park.
Twenty-six years later, Manteca's first Little League is still going strong.
Raymus – a partner in Raymus Homes: The Next Generation - started coaching when his kid wanted to play. But when his son was through Raymus kept coaching. He even came back after he "retired" when there was a shortage of coaches.
Both Nunes and Raymus also have been active in other youth groups and service club efforts. Nunes is a Manteca Rotarian. Raymus is an active member of the HOPE Family Shelter board.
Nunes, Raymus and Berezay are being inducted as the first class of the Manteca Little League Hall of Fame. Nunes is going in as a founder, Raymus as a coach, and Berezay as a player.
The ceremonies are part of a dinner-dance on Saturday, Feb. 27, to raise funds for the Little League program. It starts at 6 p.m. at the MRPS Hall, 133 N. Grant St. Tickets are $30 per person.
Tickets are available from any board member, team coach, or by calling 603-2140.
It might make Nunes happy to know that Manteca Little League registration numbers are up 40 percent over last season.
It's been 26 years since Nunes made sure that the first pitch could be thrown. Since then well over 5,000 boys – and girls – have worn the uniforms of Manteca Little League players.
Since 1984 Nintendo, cable TV, the Internet, X-Boxes and more have ended up jockeying for the attention of youth.
But in the end, the things that really count in a kid's life will be adults taking time to mentor them and to help them learn to throw a ball, tie a slip knot, appreciate the wonder of Mother Nature, or someone to simply talk to and listen to them who aren't their parents.
It means a lot to a kid to know that they are accepted and that people care about them.
Nunes and Raymus are two men who understand that as well as legions of others just like them who every spring give of their time to help kids play America's pastime.
And you can bet that Berezay appreciates the help he received along the way. The odds are he won't tell you it was being shown how to swing a bat that made a difference in his life but the fact that others cared to help him along the way to adulthood.


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Government Jobs Vacancies Sri lanka Ports Authority : The Sri lanka Ports Authority is looking for qualified individuals for the following post.
- Post of Marine Pilot
Interested candidates may send their CVs with copies of certificates including names,addresses and contact numbers of two non related referees to reach "The chief human resource manager,Human resource division,Sri lanka ports authority,Kochchikade ,Colombo 13"within 14 days of this advertisement.
Advertisement source : Daily news newspaper(13/06/2015)


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Demonstration seminars on ``Evaluating Software for Real Estate Investment Analysis`` will be held June 24 and 25 at the Sheraton O`Hare.
Michael J. Hanrahan, president of PARADIGM Real Estate Systems, San Francisco, will lead the program. More than 50 microcomputer software programs designed for real estate investment analysis will be covered.


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The Executive Director of the Monroe County Solid Waste Management District, Larry Barker, announced that he will be leaving his job on Friday. His retirement will happen prior to the completion of the Materials Recycling Facility, or Murf, at the District, perhaps Barker's biggest goal in the past few years. Assistant News Director, David Murphy, spoke to Barker about the …Read More »
Home > Tag Archives: Larry Barker
Tag Archives: Larry Barker
Monroe County MRF: Larry Barker on Legislation and Recycling"
Larry Barker, Executive Director for the Monroe County Solid Waste Management District, spoke on January 22, 2014 about the benefits of a Material Recovery Facility for Monroe County. Mr. Barker was invited to the Banquet Facility of Upland Brewery on West 11th street to speak by "Green Drinks," an informal social networking event that meets every month to discuss and …Read More »


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Wonetia Rist
I am trying to find information on a Wonetia Rist that around 1947 lived in Indiana. She was married to an Edward F Wood, and they had 4 children.. Harriet Anna, Ella Wonetia, Edward Frank, and John Steven. In 1947 the children were put into the Soldiers and Sailers Children Home, after Edward died and Wonetia became ill. If anyone has any information about this woma please let me know.
Thanks in advance


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Sennheiser RI410 Stethophone Receiver For Use With IS410, With BA300SSENRI410
Sennheiser RI410 Stethophone Receiver For Use With IS410, With BA300SSENRI410
The RI410 from Sennheiser is a stereo wireless headphone stethoset designed to be used with the TI410 transmitter. When paired with the transmitter, you can use the stethoset to listen to a television, radio, or home theater system. The transmitter connects to an audio source and uses Infra-red technology to wirelessly send the audio up to 12 meters to the headphones. The headphones have automatic power on/off when you put them on or take them off. A left/right balance control and a volume control let you set the levels to meet your needs perfectly. The headphones are lightweight and comfortable, allowing you to listen for hours. The headphones can run for up to 16 hours on the included battery, which is recharged by docking the headphones on the transmitter.
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ATHENS, Greece, August 21. 2004—Team USA missed out on a shot at securing early advancement to the quarterfinals in a 9-7 loss to Russia on Saturday night (August 21) before 4,108 fans at the Indoor Pool of the Olympic Aquatic Centre in Athens, as reported by USA Water Polo.
Team USA fell behind early and never hit its stride, its record falling to 2-2 after earlier wins over Kazakstan and Croatia, followed by a two-goal loss to world-champion Hungary. The U. S. must now win its game on Monday against Serbia and Montenegro (3-1), who won its game tonight against Croatia, 11-8.
Russia, whose roster boasts 11 returning Olympians, pounced on the younger U.S. team from the get-go and got some favorable calls along the way to keep its distance. It took Russia all of 20 seconds for Russia to get on the board, getting a score from the hole by center standout Revaz Tchomakhidze just after the opening sprint. Team USA went the other way to earn a 6-on-5 opportunity, but Omar Amr's (Fullerton, CA/UC Irvine/Newport WPF) catch-and-shoot Lom four meters out hit the post and was controlled by Russian goalie Nikolay Maksimov. Tchomakhidze struck again at the 4:27 mark, breaking loose from a defender at set and whistling in a backhand to make it a 2-0 Russia lead. Irek Zinnourov buried a player-up goal through two American sets of hands at 3:19 to take the score to 3-0. Jeff Powers (San Luis Obispo, CA/UC Irvine/ Newport WPF) got up on a counterattack and drew an exclusion, setting up an extra man score from six meters out by Tony Azevedo (Long Beach, CA/Stanford/Long Beach Shore) with only three seconds remaining in the quarter.
Russia managed to outswim Team USA down on a counterattack and got the ball into the hands of Alexander Eryshov for an easy score from the righthander position. Less than a minute later, it was big man Tchomakhidze who found himself open up top on a counter to make it 5-1 in favor of Russia. Azevedo cut the lead to three goals with his second score of the game at 2:23, a player-up cage-rattler from the same spot as his first goal that caught Maksimov off guard. Powers earned another exclusion at set the next time down. The U.S. worked the ball over to the right side to Adam Wright (Seal Beach, CA/UCLA/New York AC) who stuffed it through Maksimov at the nearside to bring the U.S. to within two at 5-3. Roman Balashov, the trailer on a Russian counterattack, connected from the right post to stretch the lead back to three goals with 36 seconds left in the half, but USA's Layne Beaubien (Coronado, CA/Stanford/New York AC) blasted in a 6-on-5 goal from the top with just four ticks left to keep his squad within striking distance at the break.
Eryshov powered in a man-up goal of his own to start the third quarter, sailing one in from six meters out at 6:15 to run the count to 7-4. Team USA got a pair of bad breaks midway through the third. Azevedo got loose on a breakaway and was tackled hard from behind with inside water, but no whistle came, neither for a penalty or an exclusion. On the next trip down, Azevedo got ahead on another breakaway but was
blocked by Maksimov just in front of the cage. Russia ended the quarter with some fireworks when Eryshov's nine-meter pull-up was deflected off the left post by Brooks before finding its way across the goal line to make it 8-4 heading into the fourth.
Andrey Rekechinsky found some open real estate at 5:33 in the fourth to put a rollout shot past Brooks, stretching the lead to 9-4. Leading a U.S. counterattack and not finding an open man, Beaubien came up big and bellowed in a crosscage goal with 3:31 to go, cutting the Russian lead to 9-5. USA captain Wolf Wigo (New York, NY/ Stanford/New York AC) made good on a 1-on-nobody on a pass from Jesse Smith (Coronado, CA/Pepperdine/New York AC) to bring the U.S. back to within three at 2:54. Chris Segesman (Santa Barbara, CA/Long Beach State/Los Angeles WPC), who was sharp defensively at the hole all night for Team USA, connected on a turnaround from two meters with 40 seconds left to make it 9-7. U.S. head coach Ratko Rudic called a timeout with 10 seconds remaining in the contest, bringing his team to half- tank with the ball, but Wigo's last effort from five meters out sailed wide of the cage, locking up the 9-7 win for Russia.
Azevedo and Beaubien led the U.S. with two goals each, but Russia's Tchomakhidze and Eryshov netted three apiece.
"We've played Russia a lot in these four years," said Wigo. "Our priority was defense and not letting them get shots at two meters or on the counterattack and we didn't do that. It's disappointing because we've played three great games. This was a crucial game, but we have another chance on Monday. It's not going to be easy, but nobody said this was an easy bracket."
"For us this is a good lesson and we'll try to play better the next game," said Rudic. Now, Team USA is looking at a big game on Monday against No. 3 Serbia and Montenegro. A U.S. win could propel it into the quarterfinals.
"We can play really bad and we can play really well," said Rudic. "Anything is possible and Serbia and Montenegro knows we can do anything."
The U.S. won its last meeting with Serbia and Montenegro in the U.S., but lost the championship game of the Belgrade Trophy Tournament just two weeks ago, 5-4.
Television: Was broadcast LIVE on NBC at 3:15 p.m. Eastern.
-box score to follow-
Up Next
The U.S. men have just one game left in its six-team Group A, and it is another doozy. Serbia and Montenegro holds a 3-1 record coming into the match with Team USA at 9 p.m. on Monday (August 23) at the Olympic Aquatic Centre Main Pool. Recent history between the two teams is muddled. The last time they faced off was in the Belgrade Trophy championship game, where the USA stuck tight with the powerful Serbia and Montenegro squad and lost a close one 5-4. It was a big step up from Team USA's previous game against Serbia and Montenegro during the tournament, where the U.S. men lost 10-3. The U.S. got the better of Serbia and Montenegro, 11-10, in a thrilling shootout in the final game of the FINA World League regular season in Orange County, Calif., back on July 11. Serbia and Montenegro is ranked No. 3 in the world and was the bronze medalist at the 2000 Olympics. It also boasts arguably the best player in the game in Aleksandar Sapic as well as the powerful Danilo Ikodinovic and Pedrag Jokic. Sapic poured in five goals in his team's 11-8 win over Croatia on Saturday night (August 21).
The men's game is scheduled to air Monday at 1:50 p.m. Eastern time on NBC. (Olympic television coverage is always subject to change, so check your local listings.)
U.S. Women to Play for a Medal
The U.S. women's overpowering performance against Russia on Friday pushes them straight to the Olympic semifinals at 6:15 on August 24 at the Olympic Aquatic Centre Main Pool. That means three days off for Team USA, and some extra time to prepare for either Italy or Hungary, which face off in the quarterfinals on August 22. In the other semifinal (5 p.m.), defending Olympic gold-medalist Australia will take on the winner of the Russia-Greece quarterfinal.
Team USA has some great history with both the Hungarian and the Italian teams. The U.S. women have faced both teams in major tournament finals, most recently beating Hungary 12-10 in a penalty shootout at the 2004 FINA World League Super Final in Long Beach, Calif. One year before that, The United States downed Italy 8-6 in the 2003 World Championships in Barcelona, Spain, to earn its No. 1 world ranking. There have been several meetings between the U.S. women and the Italians since then, and most recently the U.S. beat Italy 10-6 in the Pre-Olympic Tournament championship in Gorizia, Italy, on Aug. 1. Team USA last played Hungary a week ago in their Olympic opener, where the United States worked ahead of the Hungarians late in the game to post a 7-6 win.
The semifinal games are scheduled to be aired starting at 10 a.m. ET on MSNBC on Tuesday (August 24). The U.S. women's game is the second semifinal of the day. (Olympic television coverage is always subject to change, so check your local listings.)
Today's Box Score
Russia 3 3 2 1 — 9
Team USA 1 3 0 3 — 7
Individual Scoring
Russia: Eryshov 3, Tchomakhidze 3, Balashov 1, Zinnourov 1, Rekechinsky 1
Team USA: Azevedo 2, Beaubien 2, Wigo 1, Wright 1, Segesman 1
Goal Saves
Russia: Maksimov 7
Team USA: Brooks 5
Player Advantage Scoring
Russia: 3 for 6
Team USA: 5 for 9
Attendance: 4,106
Referees: Sergio Borrell (Spain), Torsten Bock (Germany)
Delegate: Eugenio Martinez (Cuba)
Schedule/Scores (some scores not available at time of release)
Hungary 14 , Kazakhstan 4
Italy 13, Egypt 4
Germany 11, Spain 5
Greece 10, Australia 9
Serbia and Montenegro 11, Croatia 8
Russia 9, USA 7
Group A Standings* Win Loss Tie G.F. G.A. G.D. Points
Hungary 4 0 0 37 21 +16 8
Serbia and Montenegro 3 1 0 28 22 +8 6
Russia 3 1 0 26 21 +5 6
Team USA 2 2 0 28 28 0 4
Croatia 0 4 0 30 37 -7 0
Kazakhstan 0 4 0 17 37 -20 0
Group B Standings* Win Loss Tie G.F. G.A. G.D. Points
Germany 3 1 0 44 22 +22 6
Italy 3 1 0 35 18 +17 6
Greece 3 1 0 37 23 +14 6
Spain 2 2 0 23 27 -4 4
Australia 1 3 0 31 29 +2 2
Egypt 0 4 0 14 55 -41 0


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- having the shape of a cube
- having three dimensions, or having the volume of a cube whose length, width, and depth (or height) each measure the given unit: a cubic foot
- designating or of a crystal system having three axes of equal length, each of which intersects at right angles with the others
- Math. of the third power or degree; relating to the cubes of numbers or quantities
Origin of cubicMiddle English cubik from Old French cubique from Classical Latin cubicus from Classical Greek kybikos: see cube
- a. Having the shape of a cube.b. Shaped similar to a cube.
- a. Having three dimensions.b. Abbr. c or cu. Having a volume equal to a cube whose edge is of a stated length: a cubic foot.
- Mathematics Of the third power, order, or degree.
- Of or relating to a crystalline form that has three equal axes at right angles to each other; isometric.
A cubic expression, curve, or equation.
Related Forms:
- cu′bic·ly
(not comparable)
- (geometry) Used in the names of units of volume formed by multiplying a unit of length by itself twice.
- cubic metre, cubic foot
- (algebraic geometry) Of a class of polynomial of the form
- (crystallography) Having three equal axes and all angles 90°.
- cubic cleavage
(plural cubics)
- (algebraic geometry) A cubic curve.
From Middle French cubique


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Coal Bed Methane (CBM) Market to Reach USD 17.31 Billion by 2020
Global CBM (Coal Bed Methane) Market is expected to reach USD 17.31 billion by 2020, growing at a CAGR of 5.9% from 2014 to 2020. Unconventional CBM reserves, especially in coal-rich regions are increasingly gaining the spotlight as the industry strives for energy independence. Exploration and commercialization of unconventional hydrocarbon energy sources is seen as a critical step by energy agencies, to stabilize the energy supply-demand gap in the coming years. With CBM being a pure natural gas form, producers and consumers also have the opportunity to obtain much needed carbon credits and tax incentives.
The strict framework designed for extraction by various environmental agencies coupled with the highly capital intensive process is expected to be a key challenge for industry participants over the next six years.
Further Key findings from the study suggest:
- Global CBM production was 2,920.3 Bcf in 2013 and is expected to reach 4,667.4 Bcf by 2020, growing at a CAGR of 7% from 2014 to 2020.
- Power generation and industrial applications dominated CBM usage, accounting for over 64% of global volumes in 2013, with the former expected to be the fastest growing CBM market, at an estimated CAGR of 8.5% from 2014 to 2020.
- U.S. and Canada are the largest CBM producers, accounting for over 70% of global volume in 2013. U.S. CBM market revenues were estimated at USD 7.22 billion in 2013 and are exoected to grow at a CAGR of 5.4% from 2014 to 2020.
- Asia Pacific is expected to be the most dynamic regional market, with significant unexplored reserves. China, India and Indonesia are expected to lead the Asian CBM industry. The Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources has already announced plans to produce 16 billion cubic meters of coal bed methane by 2015, while Indonesia has already audited 1,000 bcf net resources and has production target of over 15,000 bcf by 2020.
- Key companies involved in CBM extraction include Arrow Energy, Dart Energy, Santos, PetroCHina and petronas.
Read more: http://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/coal-bed-methane-industry


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Need a quick housewarming gift or birthday present? We've got you covered: coffee table book.! These massive tomes are great for surprising your pickiest friend or hard-to-buy-for sister. The variety of topics are endless and often include in-depth looks at subjects on fashion, art, photography and much, much more.
We've put together a list of some of our favorite art-filled coffee table books to own, gift, or share. Read on for some great recommendations, and if any of these books strikes a chord you can click the cover to make a purchase.
The Art Book
This quintessential coffee table book is the perfect starting point for your art education. The Art Book is an A to Z guide to some of the greatest artists of all time. Over 100 artists from all periods and mediums are featured in this giant book, which includes both examples of their work and explanatory text. You'll be up-to-date on painters, sculptors, photographers, performance artists and more after flipping through this volume.
De Kooning: A Retrospective
Art fans won't want to miss this extensive volume on abstract expressionist painter Willem de Kooning. This retrospective volume covers the nearly 70 year career of the famed artist, and includes over 200 pieces of his work. The book even includes some of his sculptures, drawings and prints — reminding readers that de Kooning was much more than just a painter.
The Secret Art of Dr. Seuss
You've probably read at least a few of Dr. Seuss' whimsical stories, but there's more to the artist than meets the eye. This coffee table tome highlights the private works of the famed storyteller (also known as Theodore Geisel), and displays a different side of his work than that seen in his famous children's books.
Wall and Piece
This coffee table book is a must-own for street art fans. Published in 2007, this title features the work of the now infamous global street art phenomenon Banksy. Produced by the artist himself, the book provides an inside look at Banksy's street art philosophy around the time he began blowing up in popularity around the globe.
Los Angeles: Portrait of a City
This photographic tribute to the City of Angels includes over 500 images from L.A.'s past by photographers like Julius Shulman, Gary Winogrand and more. You'll get an amazing look at the city's transformation from a desert wasteland to a sprawling metropolis.
Paris in Color
If you'd rather get more international, check out this coffee table photography book by Nichole Robertson. Robertson's perfect pictures take you through the romantic city of Paris, with particular emphasis on its vibrant urban color.
Humans of New York
Fans of the mega-popular photography project will definitely want to check out this hardbound collection of creator Brandon Stanton's photos. Like the blog, the book features everyday shots of New Yorkers, accompanied by brief anecdotes on their lives.
If you didn't guess by the title, this photography book centers on the art of tattooing. Tattoo doesn't just focus on modern tattoos, though. Instead, the book looks more at the history of the art form, from its origins in primitive Asian and African countries up to its modern popularity. Oh, and you'll get to check out plenty of expertly inked bodies.
The Wes Anderson Collection
Want an inside look at the quirky films of Wes Anderson? Then check out this coffee table book by film/television critic Matt Zoler Seitz. This expansive tome features unpublished behind-the-scenes photos, artwork, and more from Anderson's filmography, giving fans a unique peek at the indie darling's exceptional work.
Vogue: The Covers
Fashion aficionados will definitely want to check out this awesome compendium. Vogue: The Covers compiles covers from throughout the famed fashion magazine's career, spanning its inception in 1892 through the modern day. The covers feature work from noted artists including Mario Testino, Richard Avedon, Annie Leibovitz and more. While the book doesn't feature some of Vogue's most recent classics like (it was printed in 2011), there's more than enough iconic covers to enjoy.
Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty
This eye-popping book takes an in-depth look at the work of designer Alexander McQueen, from the early days of his fashion career to his rise as on of the industry's preeminent designers. You'll also get an insightful look at the development of McQueen's specific aesthetic, and the work done for his pitch-perfect runway shows. It also has one of the most insane book covers of all time.
These are just a few of our favorite suggestions, tell us which books you love to own or gift. Not only are they great information, they also look stunning on a console, coffee or bedside table. Happy reading!


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July 9, 2008
Bin Laden Son Featured in Terrorist Video
A new film appearing on a terrorist Web site features the youngest son of al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden calling for Britain and its allies to be wiped out.
Hamza bin Laden, 16, is introduced as the author of a poem that urges followers to accelerate the destruction of America, Britain, France and Denmark, The Daily Telegraph reported Wednesday.Oh, God, reward the fighters hitting the infidels and defectors, the young bin Laden says while a short clip of his father fills the screen.
The film made its debut on the Internet to mark the third anniversary of the July 7th London subway bombings that killed 52 people.
British terrorism expert Chris Dobson told The Sun that despite his youth, Hamza bin Laden appears to be emerging as his father's likely heir.
The sins of the father are being visited upon the son, said Tory MP Patrick Mercer. We now have the crown prince of terror taking up his father's mantle.
The Muslim Council of Britain has denounced the film.