text: Republican national committee Rock & Roll, Republicans, and corned beef sandwiches: Here's what to see in Cleveland By Michigan Radio Newsroom • Jul 15, 2016 Erik Drost / Flickr - http://j.mp/1SPGCl0 Headed to Cleveland next week for the Republican National Convention? We've gathered up some tips on where to go from a now proud native of the "City of Losers Winners!" Michigan Radio's news director, Vincent Duffy, wants you to know there's a lot more to his hometown than just LeBron James and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Among Duffy's go-to spots: Michigan Republicans meet in Lansing to pick delegates to national convention By Rick Pluta • Apr 9, 2016 steve carmody / Michigan Radio Michigan Republicans are meeting in Lansing this weekend to select delegates to the party's presidential-nominating convention this summer in Cleveland. The delegates are divided between billionaire Donald Trump, Texas Senator Ted Cruz, and Ohio Governor John Kasich. There was concern about schemes to recruit shadow delegates who would not represent their declared candidates' interests beyond voting for them on a first ballot in a deadlocked convention. "We're taking the Ronald Reagan strategy – trust but verify," says Scott Hagerstrom, Trump's Michigan director. GOP can't just wish Agema away By Zoe Clark & Rick Pluta • Jan 16, 2015 Listen Listening... / 5:02 It's Just Politics with Zoe Clark and Rick Pluta, January 16th, 2015 What happens in politics when you want to get rid of someone and they just won't quit? We are, of course, talking about Michigan Republican National Committeeman Dave Agema. Agema consistently courts controversy and has done his party no favors with social media posts that go after Muslims, gays and African-Americans. Schostak: Agema should have quit RNC a year ago By Rick Pluta • Jan 7, 2015 migop.org Some controversial Facebook posts have re-kindled the condemnation and defense of Michigan's controversial Republican National Committeeman Dave Agema. Agema recently re-posted an article to his Facebook page ostensibly written by a defense attorney that takes aim at African Americans. The post has since been removed, but not before an MLive columnist took a screenshot and wrote a piece about it. Agema also posted about Muslims following the terrorist attack in Paris. He says U.S. and Michigan leaders refuse to recognize that Muslims are "the enemy." Michigan's Ronna Romney McDaniel named newest member of Republican National Committee By Michigan Radio Newsroom • Feb 17, 2014 Steve Carmody/Michigan Radio Over the weekend, Michigan Republicans chose a new member of the Republican National Committee to take the seat vacated when Terri Lynn Land stepped down to run for Carl Levin's Senate seat. The new member is someone with quite a Michigan-centric political pedigree. Ronna Romney McDaniel is Mitt Romney's niece, and the granddaughter of Michigan's 43rd governor, George Romney. What does her election mean for Michigan's profile on the Republican National Committee? We're joined by Michigan Public Radio Network Lansing Bureau Chief, Rick Pluta. Michigan GOP elects Mitt Romney's niece to Republican National Committee By The Associated Press • Feb 15, 2014 Steve Carmody / Michigan Radio EAST LANSING, Mich. (AP) - Michigan Republican officials have chosen the niece of GOP presidential candidate Mitt Romney to replace Terri Lynn Land on the party's national committee. Ronna Romney McDaniel was elected Saturday morning during a meeting of the 113-member Michigan Republican Party State Central Committee. McDaniel is the daughter of Ronna Romney, who also served on the Republican National Committee. Land, Michigan's former secretary of state, resigned last month to focus on her run for the U.S. Senate. Her likely Democratic opponent is U.S. Rep. Gary Peters. GOP focusing on "brand management" By Zoe Clark & Rick Pluta • Feb 14, 2014 This week on It's Just Politics: a couple of interesting events of which we're taking note. The first item out of D.C., where the U.S. House of Representatives earlier this week quickly and quietly approved an increase to the nation's debt ceiling. No big arguments. No conditions. Which is an anomaly. Raising the debt ceiling has become a battle over the nation's fiscal soul. Agema says he's staying By The Associated Press • Jan 25, 2014 legislative portrait GRANDVILLE, Mich. (AP) - A Michigan member of the Republican National Committee says he's made mistakes but he's not quitting the party post. Dave Agema issued a statement Friday, hours after chairmen of the Michigan and national Republican Party urged him to step down. Last March, Agema posted an article on Facebook with an unsubstantiated claim that gays account for half the murders in large cities. He also came under fire from the Council on American-Islamic Relations for a Facebook posting this month questioning Muslims' commitment to charity. Stateside for Tuesday, Jan. 21, 2014 By Stateside Staff • Jan 21, 2014 Listen Listening... / 48:13 Embattled Republican National Committeeman Dave Agema is hitting back at critics of his anti-gay and anti-Muslim web postings, saying he stands on the same issues he always has, "God, family and country." In a Facebook post, the ex-state-Representative says people are feeding half-truths to the news media within the GOP and stirring up divisiveness. He says he's wrongly being blamed for posting other people's comments and says it's an unfortunate and uncivil tactic to tarnish his reputation. Rick Pluta, Lansing bureau chief for the Michigan Public Radio Network and co-host of It's Just Politics, joined us today. Lawmakers in Lansing have begun holding hearings on which standardized tests Michigan students will begin taking next spring. Goodbye Michigan Educational Assessment Program (MEAP), hello Smarter Balanced Assessment. Opponents say it takes away local control, while those who favor it say it better predicts a student's comprehension. We found out more about this computer-based testing on today's show. Then, we continued on the subject of schools and asked: Are zero-tolerance policies actually keeping kids out of trouble? A new study says not so much. And, Michigan's University Research Corridor is making huge contributions to the state economy. We spoke with Lou Anna Simon, president of Michigan State University, to learn more. Finally, a new documentary explores Michigan's history with the abolitionist movement and the Underground Railroad. Dave Agema claims he was wrongly blamed for anti-gay and anti-Muslim comments By Stateside Staff • Jan 21, 2014 Listen Listening... / 7:21 Embattled Republican National Committeeman Dave Agema is hitting back at critics of his anti-gay and anti-Muslim Web postings, saying he stands on the same issues he always has: "God, family and country." In a Facebook post, the former state representative says people are feeding half-truths to the news media within the GOP and stirring up divisiveness. He says he's wrongly being blamed for posting other people's comments and says it's an unfortunate and uncivil tactic to tarnish his reputation. Rick Pluta, Lansing bureau chief for the Michigan Public Radio Network and co-host of "It's Just Politics" joined us today. Listen to the full interview above. Heat on Michigan GOP committeeman for gay, Muslim comments By The Associated Press • Jan 19, 2014 Official legislative portrait LANSING, Mich. (AP) - As the Republican National Committee prepares for meetings in Washington this week, Gov. Rick Snyder and other party leaders in Michigan are criticizing repeated anti-gay and anti-Muslim remarks by Committeeman Dave Agema. The 64-year-old ex-state representative from western Michigan represents the state on the Republican party's national board. Snyder made a semi-veiled reference to Agema in Thursday's State of the State speech, calling for civil discourse in the public arena. Vice President Snyder? By Mark Brush • May 3, 2012 That's what one conservative analyst is saying today. In a column for Tampa Bay Online, Chris Ingram bases his prognostication on hotel room locations. More specifically, hotel room locations for the Republican National Convention this August in Tampa Bay. Ingram writes that Romney and Massachusetts got the best rooms for the convention... and Gov. Snyder and Michigan got the second best spot: But there is a reason Michigan got the second-best hotel assignment: Gov. Rick Snyder. My bet is he's Romney's man for vice president. What does hotel room location have to do with anything? Ingram writes: Access to the convention site, proximity to the best restaurants and bars, being inside the security zone, and not having to ride a bus (a really big deal if you're a Republican) are almost as important as fighting over abortion and gays in the party's meaningless platform. Ingram notes Snyder's success at getting his pro-business agenda passed through the Michigan legislature, his background in private business, his credentials (an attorney with an MBA), and his appeal to moderates as more reasons Mitt Romney could pick Snyder as his running mate. "Too bad he doesn't speak fluent Spanish," Ingram writes. So what are the odds? Who do you think Romney will pick? Snyder signs Feb. 28th GOP primary date By Zoe Clark • Oct 5, 2011 Cle0patra / Flickr It's official: Michigan's 2012 Republican presidential primary will be held February 28th. After both the state House and Senate passed legislation designating the date, Governor Snyder signed it into law yesterday. The date means Michigan will be one of the earliest states in the nation to hold a primary, but it also means it could lose half of its nominating delegates according to Republican National Committee rules. So, why all the fuss about the presidential primary date? Political explains: Both national parties are struggling to keep the national nominating schedule from imploding as state after state tries to move earlier than the next to have more say in picking the presidential nominee. Typically, the later the primary the less influence a state has in the nomination. Under rules set by both national parties, Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada and South Carolina are the only states allowed to hold primaries or caucuses in February and no other state can hold a nominating election prior to March 6, which is likely to be a "Super Tuesday" with multiple contests. As Political Analyst Jack Lessenberry explains, "Michigan, of course, wants to make a bigger splash, wants more attention, [but] it's blunted because Mitt Romney is seen as Michigan's favorite son and the Michigan primary is only important if Mitt Romney doesn't win [the primary]." Meanwhile, Michigan Democrats aren't planning a presidential primary in 2012 as President Obama is believed to be the only Democratic candidate who would be on the ballot. Instead, they'll pick their 2012 presidential delegates at state meetings. Elections begin this morning for RNC Chairmanship By Zoe Clark • Jan 14, 2011 Photo courtesy of www.thatssaulfolks.com Former Michigan Republican Party Chairman Saul Anuzis is in for a busy day today. Anuzis is running to become the next Chairman of the Republican National Committee, a job currently held by Michael Steele. The committee is holding the elections this morning outside of Washington, D.C.. The Detroit News reports that: Anuzis is one of five candidates running. He lost his last bid to become chairman two years ago to Michael Steele, the former Maryland lieutenant governor whose tenure has been marked by questions of fiscal mismanagement. Steele is running again, though he's not expected to win. ABC News reports: RNC officials said there was no way of knowing how long the voting will take. Friday's general session begins at 10:30 a.m. ET and the official meeting schedule lists 8 p.m. ET as the estimated end time. Whoever wins will inherit committee hobbled by financial difficulties, including debt in the range of $15 million or more. Anuzis announced his campaign last November when he sent a letter to the RNC membership. In the letter, Anuzis explained why he decided to run: This is an exciting time to be a Republican and, as leaders, we have an awesome task ahead of us. The American people have given us a second chance' and that opportunity brings with it huge responsibility and challenge. Now we turn our attention to 2012. America must elect a new President. It is that hope, that necessity, that challenge, that draws me to announce my candidacy for the Chairmanship of the Republican National Committee. Saul Anuzis to run (again) for RNC Chairman By Zoe Clark • Nov 12, 2010 Photo courtesy of www.thatssaulfolks.com Saul Anuzis says he will run to become the Chairman of the Republican National Committee. Anuzis is currently a member of the committee and the former Chairman of the Michigan Republican Party. Anuzis was in the race to become Chairman last year but ended up loosing to current RNC Chairman and former Maryland Lt. Governor Michael Steele. In a letter to the RNC membership, Anuzis said: This is an exciting time to be a Republican and, as leaders, we have an awesome task ahead of us. The American people have given us a second chance' and that opportunity brings with it huge responsibility and challenge. Now we turn our attention to 2012. America must elect a new President. It is that hope, that necessity, that challenge, that draws me to announce my candidacy for the Chairmanship of the Republican National Committee. Steele has not said yet whether he will seek another term. Here's a roundup of what other media outlets are reporting about whether or not Steele will decide to run and, if he does, whether he'll get elected: Politico: Michael Steele: Good or Bad for GOP Slate: Finally, a Challenge to Steele The Washington Post: Has Michael Steele Helped or Hurt the GOP


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Access to high-speed internet service — also known as broadband — is a basic public necessity, just like water or electricity.
Yet despite its importance, broadband access in the United States is far from universal. Millions of Americans still stand on the wrong side of the digital divide, unable to tap into the political, economic and social resources of the internet.
A 2015 Pew Research Center study found that just 67 percent of American adults have high-speed internet access at home, down from 70 percent in 2013. Those declines were largely concentrated within marginalized groups, including African Americans, rural residents and low-income families. Pew noted that a plurality of non-adopters cite the cost of broadband service as a critical barrier.
Americans who do have home broadband connections pay more and get less than residents of most other developed nations. Survey after survey shows U.S. broadband quality, speed and adoption rates falling dangerously behind that of countries in Asia and Europe.
This is unacceptable in our digital age, when getting all Americans connected to an open, fast and affordable internet should be a national priority.
Broken policies in Washington have made it easier for phone and cable companies to charge more and more for high-speed internet access — and to refuse to connect underserved communities. Meanwhile, several state legislatures, bowing to pressure from the cable lobby, have banned community-owned networks that would offer affordable, world-class internet to hundreds of thousands of people. The result? More people are stuck with high prices, limited choices and slow — or nonexistent — internet service.
Whether Americans are able to reap the benefits of broadband — and whether they enjoy a choice of providers, speeds and prices — depends largely on policy decisions made in Washington.

subset: commoncrawl


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Cell-based therapies for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: mesenchymal stem cells versus endothelial progenitor cells
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|20. Mai 2011
Introduction: Cell-based therapies were reported to improve early kidney function in experimental models of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study examines and compares the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) as well as their regenerative capacity in the long-term.
Materials and methods: The effects of cellular therapy using MSC and EPC were investigated following a 45 min warm ischemia in a murine model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Renal function was measured by 99mTc-MAG3 scintigraphy and laser Doppler perfusion in the acute phase (day 2) and in the long-term (day 18). Structural damage was assessed by histological analysis.
Results: Without therapy, warm ischemia of 45 min led to a significant decrease in tubular function (day 2: 31.4% ± 7.7%, p<0.01; day 18: 46.4% ± 12.5%, p<0.01) and renal perfusion (67.7% ± 3.9%, p<0.01) as well as severe tissue damage 18 days post ischemia. In ischemic kidneys renal blood flow was completely restored by day 18 using EPC (112.5% ± 3.1%, p<0.001), but only moderately using MSC (80.6% ± 2.6%, p<0.05). Renal function remained impaired for both EPC and MSC. Histologically, both cell-based treatment options showed reduced structural damage. EPC-treated kidneys exhibited no necrosis, but increased inflammatory infiltration. In contrast, MSC therapy led to reduced postischemic inflammation and improved preservation of renal structures.
Conclusion: Cell-based therapies using EPC/ MSC for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury exert differential effects in the long-term. EPC treatment improves kidney perfusion, in particular. In contrast, MSC show beneficial effects in terms of reduced postischemic inflammation that may be attributed to their immunomodulatory properties. These positive effects provide potent add-ons to already established therapeutic strategies such as surgical decompression using microcapsulotomy.


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Page 2 Advertisements Column 4, Ashburton Guardian, Volume VII, Issue 2214, 31 August 1889
Hollow Ay's Ointment and Pills ares theflbest, the cheapest, and the most popula remedies. At all seasons and under ar circumstances they may be used withfetylla and with the certainty of doing good. Eruptions, rashes, and all descriptions of skin diseases, sores, ulcerations, and; burns are presently benefited and ultimately cured by thc-c healing, soothing, and purifying medicaments. The Ointment rubbed upon llio ttbilonion checks all tendency to irritation of the bowclu, imtl averts dysentery and other d!sot'il<M'fl ol the intestines, Pimplej, blotches, mitamiittUloiiß of |and skin, muscular pains, iteUiftlgic affections, the enlarged glands can bd olloctively overcome by using Holloway'f remedies according to theli^tostructionsl" iqegmpwying each packed" m * lxmm
Page 2 Advertisements Column 4, Ashburton Guardian, Volume VII, Issue 2214, 31 August 1889
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Difficult choice is the only rational choice in AZ Senate race featuring renegade McCain
This evening, Monday, Oct. 10, at 7:00 p.m. Democrat Ann Kirkpatrick will debate Republicrat John McCain. The hour-long event will air on AZ PBS Channel 8.
Growing numbers of conservative Republicans, many of whom as elected state delegates voted overwhelmingly to censure the very senior senator, are weary of his career long deceits. He has taken his wrath out on them by purging them from their elected precinct committeeman posts, via an expensive campaign utilizing deceptive mailers. Though now in his 80's, and scoring an F rating by Conservative Review, McCain is running for yet another six-year term.
Conservatives have had their fill of the radically leftwing McCain and many are doing the previously unthinkable — planning to cast their ballots for the Congressional District One U.S. Representative Ann Kirkpatrick. Former twice elected Maricopa County Republican chairman Rob Haney has launched the "Never McCain" campaign.
Kirkpatrick is far from perfect, but McCain, who runs as a Republican and then repeatedly colludes with Democrats, is worse. Republicans have legitimate expectations that voting for someone who claims the GOP mantel will be with us the majority of the time. Actually, the man who configures himself as a "maverick" has voted to confirm many of Barack Obama's far left cabinet nominees and his nominees to the federal judiciary. As McCain's close associate Hillary Clinton and actual presidential choice famously asked, "What difference does it make?"
As a freshman senator, Kirkpatrick will not have the clout to do the same damage. She has also campaigned on term limiting herself. Decades of the disastrous Reign of McCain has made that an appealing option.
The debate will hosted by Arizona PBS and the Arizona Republic. Count on "Horizon" moderator Ted Simons and Republic reporter Yvonne Wingett Sanchez to lob softballs in McCain's direction. Cunning liberals running as Republicans are nearer to their hearts than actual Democrats.
Reminder: Be sure to view the sixth briefing in the Never McCain series, titled "Betrayal." Like those that have preceded it, this segment is well worth your time.


text: i am having ubuntu 12.04 and windows installed. In ubuntu if i am even using firefox and one or two light applications, the fan speed increases rapidly and temp rises to 70. Even if i close all applications, it takes a lot of time for fan speed to come down. This does not happens in windows. I read somewhere its a graphics card issue but i am having intel hd 3000 (integrated).can anyone help


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Birthday Boy Learns Darth Vader Is His Father
It's like the exact opposite of the famous scene from Empire Strikes Back: A boy finds out that Darth Vader is his father, but instead of disbelief, it's all tears and hugs.
The birthday boy in the video above is apparently a huge Star Wars fan. So, for his party, Vader showed up for a lightsaber duel on the front lawn. The light side beat the dark side — of course. The little guy was told to take Vader's mask off, revealing Vader was actually his Navy father home on leave. Celebration ensues!


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This is the story of Taylor Morris, a 23 year-old Navy EOD tech:
Taylor Morris learned at an early age he was hooked on the outdoors, adventurous, the middle of 4 children and always the last one inside for dinner at his home in Cedar Falls, Iowa. His mother Juli recalled, "Our family took a camping trip from Niagra Falls down the East Coast one summer. Taylor set up the tents every night, started the fires, cooked the meals. Taylor was only 8 years old." As Taylor grew older and took to extreme water sports and rock climbing, Taylor discovered he was also very calm under extreme pressure. This quality would later make him the perfect candidate for the Navy's EOD, Explosive Ordinance Disposal.
Explosive ordinance disposal specialists were made famous in Kathryn Bigelow's The Hurt Locker. They are the preeminent tactical and technical explosives experts. Nicknamed 'The Shield', OED specialists always lead, the first to put themselves in harm's way to tackle unexploded ordinance and IED's.
Less than one month ago near the Kandahar province in Afghanistan, Taylor was doing his job, right out in front.
Leading a team of Army Special forces to a classified location, Taylor stepped on an IED. It exploded underneath him and blew off all four of his limbs. Taylor recalled the moment to me over the phone,
"As soon as I stepped on it, I knew. There was a moment, then I heard the blast. I felt the heat. I knew I had lost my legs. As I summersaulted through the air, I watched my legs fly off."
Taylor landed back in the blast crater. This is where the story of Taylor's bravery goes next-level.
After the explosion, Taylor didn't lose consciousness, he didn't go into shock. His thoughts immediately crystalized. Even though Taylor was bleeding to death, he called to the oncoming medics NOT to come get him, putting their safety in front of his own life.
"I recounted the moment of the explosion. There was no visual on the mine and no sound ID on my mine detector. That told me the mine was old. If there were other mines out there, the medics wouldn't see them or detect them unless it was cleared properly. I knew I had arterial bleeding from all 4 limbs and I was bleeding out fast. I told my buddies to stop, it would only have hurt me more if somebody stepped on another one."
The area around Taylor was finally cleared by the second EOD and the medic finally administered combat casualty care. Taylor remained conscious through the ordeal.
Three days later on May 6th Taylor landed back in the States and was transported to Walter Reed hospital in Washington D.C. to begin the long and painful rehab process. Upon his arrival, Taylor became only the 5th person at Walter Reed to ever survive a four limb amputation. His physical progression in the last three weeks has defied everybody's expectations, "My body is responding well. I'm already sitting up. I'm very fortunate." Just yesterday, the stitches in his arms were removed and he was fitted for prosthetics.
I asked Taylor if he's been given a time frame to return home to Iowa.
"Nobody really wants to give me a time frame, I understand that. The doctors here are amazing but I don't know when I'll go home. I've got goals though, personal goals, and I intend on achieving them."
As our conversation drew to an end I asked Taylor if he needed anything medically, "No, I'm fully covered by the Navy for my medical needs." I asked, "Ok, Taylor, if you could have anything in the world, what would it be?"
Taylor paused and finally spoke,
"I've always dreamed of having a log cabin in the woods on a lake. A traditional wood cabin on the outside with a modern interior. And good lighting. Good lighting is important. My girlfriend Danielle and I, we live simple lives but we've always loved being active, spending time outside with our families."
I asked Taylor's girlfriend Danielle about this dream cabin. She said, "Taylor and I are both savers, and we had been working our butts off to ensure we'd have a cabin, close to water to do water sports, and places we can hike. After what happened, we will not abandon that dream if it takes years of saving."
After I thanked Taylor for the zillionth time for his service, I hung up the phone and sat in silence recalling our conversation. I was so nervous when we first started chatting but somehow Taylor sets you at ease. He made it ok to ask hard questions about the explosion that nearly killed him and his painful rehab. I recalled something his mother had told me over the phone, "Taylor has a certain humility about his pain, it comforts you."
I knew I had just spoken to a hero, not the movie kind either, a real one. And I think he deserves a hero's homecoming. Taylor hesitated to tell me his own timeline to return home, that hope belongs to him alone, but I believe when he does return home at the end of this long journey, HOME should be to a place he's always dreamed about.
When Taylor returns, I want theCHIVERS to have provided the down payment on his dream cabin. We have the best community on the internet and I'm setting the goal at $30,000. But we all know about your endearing tradition of smashing goals. Let's help build Taylor his cabin, a place where he and his family can relax for generations to come.
Taylor's family has set up a website, TaylorMorris.org, to educate people about his life and his injuries. They've set up a donations page. Paypal and Credit Cards are accepted right here.
Even if you donate a dollar you're making a huge difference. There are millions of Chivers and if you give just a little, your dollar will go farther than you'll ever imagine in this moment right now.
UPDATE #1: I can't believe this but after 45 minutes, Taylor's story is going viral. The total raised already is $27,814.00. Unreal.
Update #2: 12:15 PM PST: $36,442. Goal exceeded! The family told me the donations appear to be coming in even faster right now.
Update #3: 12:35 PST: $48,170
Update #4: After crossing the $50,000 mark I spoke to Taylor, Danielle, and the Morris family. They are gathered around the computer in disbelief. Taylor said, "I had no expectations for this, John, I can't believe this is happening. Please thank all the Chivers for me from the bottom of my heart."
Update #5: $60,000
Update #6: $70,000
Update #7: 2:20 PST $80,000
Update #8: 3:20 PST $95,000. Let's do this, Chivers!
Super-Awesome Update: We just hit $100,000 in 4 hours and the donations show no sign of stopping.
Update #10: 5:30 PST $115,265 UPDATE #11 (5 minutes later): $120,000
Late Night Update: I'll continue these updates first thing in the morning. Even late into the night the donations continue to surge. We've hit $143,000. You've exceeded the initial goal by over $100,000. Words escape me.
- Taylor had the stitches in his arms removed yesterday and he's already being fitting for prosthetics. His recovery has been remarkable.
Donate right here.
If you feel like mailing a check, a $5 bill, or even a letter of encouragement:
Sid and Alvira Morris
5026 Sage Rd
Cedar Falls, IA 50613
I'll be bringing you updates every hour on the donation amounts as they come in so check back.
I know Taylor is reading this, theCHIVERS will be making a company donation of $1,000 as well as personal donations to get this started. Thank you for your service and your sacrifice.
Chivers, you know what to do.
UPDATE #1: $27,814.00 in less than 45 minutes. Chivers, this is amazing.
Update #2: 12:15 PM PST: $36,442 Goal exceeded! The family told me the donations appear to be coming in even faster right now.
Update #3: 12:35 PST: $48,170
Update #4: After crossing the $50,000 mark I spoke to Taylor, Danielle, and the Morris family. They are gathered around the computer in disbelief. Taylor said, "I had no expectations for this, John, I can't believe this is happening. Please thank all the Chivers for me from the bottom of my heart."
Update #5: 1:40 PST: $60,000
Update #6: 2:00 PST: $70,000
Update #7: 2:20 PST $80,000
Update #8: 3:20 PST $95,000. Let's do this, Chivers!
Super-Awesome Update: We just hit $100,000 in 4 hours and the donations show no sign of stopping.
Update #10: 5:30 PST $115,265, UPDATE #11 (5 minutes later): $120,000
Late Night Update: I'll continue these updates first thing in the morning. Even late into the night the donations continue to surge. We've hit $143,000. You've exceeded the initial goal by over $100,000. Words escape me.
Orig stroy here: http://thechive.com/2012/05/31/chivers-this-is-the-story-of-taylor-morris-22-photos/


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Fifth round at Moscow Raceway: the battle for the half-time title.
Moscow. Following the successful debut last year, the DTM is racing in Russia again in 2014. Once again, Moscow Raceway is the venue, but the lay-out of the track is a new element compared to last year. Scheduled are 48 laps of the 3.931 kilometres long variation of the Grand Prix circuit, designed by German architect, Hermann Tilke. For Russian ex-Formula 1 driver, Vitaly Petrov, the fifth season round is a home race. Racing for Mercedes-Benz, 2014 marks Petrov's debut season in the most popular international touring car series. BMW driver Marco Wittmann is coming to Russia as the points' leader while reigning DTM champion Mike Rockenfeller (Audi) still has fond memories of his victory in Russia last year.
After the fourth DTM season round, Mercedes-Benz is riding on the wave of success. Robert Wickens made a comeback with a dominant lights-to-flag victory at Norisring. The Canadian scored his first 25 points and stormed up from naught to seventh place in the drivers' standings. It was already the second victory of the season for the drivers with the three-pointed star following Christian Vietoris's race win at Oschersleben. Marco Wittmann won the season opener at Hockenheim and the DTM round in Hungary and is in the lead of the drivers' standings with a comfortable margin after four rounds. However, it is lonesome at the top for the BMW driver, because his rivals in second to sixth place, Edoardo Mortara, Mattias Ekström, Mike Rockenfeller, Adrien Tambay and Miguel Molina, are all racing with Audi's four rings on their cars. In the drivers' standings, Wittmann is 19 points clear of runner-up Mortara.
Audi aims at first season win in Russia
Even though the aforementioned Audi drivers are closely together in the first part of the drivers' standings, the brand from Ingolstadt, well used to success, is still waiting for a victory after four races. "For our team, the first win of the season is long overdue," says Dieter Gass, Audi's head of DTM. "With nearly all the drivers, we have a continuously strong performance, while the opposition has highs and lows all the time. Repeating our victory from last year is our goal for the Moscow round, although we are racing at a different track lay-out." In 2013, Mike Rockenfeller dominated the DTM premiere at Moscow Raceway and laid the foundation for his eventual championship title with fastest time in qualifying and victory in the race. One day after the Norisring round, the 30-year-old German became a father for the first time and is confidently looking into the future: "When we have a little bit more luck in some minor things, chances are good for us to be among the front runners again."
The first Russian in the DTM: home race for Vitaly Petrov
Vitaly Petrov wants to score his long-awaited first championship points in his home race. In the first four rounds of his maiden DTM season, the Russian was never qualified higher than 17th. This is to change significantly at Moscow Raceway. The driver with 57 Grand Prix starts, who scored one podium finish and one fastest race lap in the top category, drove the Mercedes AMG C-Coupé race taxi and therefore has fundamental knowledge of the track. "Unfortunately, this will not be of much help to me," Petrov says. "There are many drivers who got experience here last year, albeit at the shorter circuit variation." Still, the 29-year-old knows that a very special race weekend is awaiting him. "These three days will be quite stressful for me, because motorsport is becoming more and more popular in Russia and many fans will be coming from all over the country." With a dry sense of humour, he adds: "Hopefully, they will not keep me so busy that I don't have time to talk with my engineers anymore." As to his chances for the race, he is realistic: "Compared to the start of the year, my lap times have steadily improved and I am now feeling very well when driving the Mercedes-Benz DTM car. Nevertheless, the race will be anything but easy. In that respect, my home advantage doesn't help me either."
BMW wants to defend its points' lead
For BMW, the Norisring weekend was a disappointing affair. Marco Wittmann had been able to defend his lead in the drivers' standings, but his sixth place and seventh position for Joey Hand were a rather poor result from the brand's perspective. Nevertheless, Wittmann is optimistic going into the upcoming weekend: "The new track lay-out should favour us all, because there are more corners, fast corners and long straights. In any case, the race will be more interesting than at the twisty track last year." In 2013, his debut season in the DTM, the 24-year-old finished 15th in the race. "At the time, I had a weak performance in qualifying and making up ground in the race turned out to be difficult. I want to do better this year." The current points' leader is not yet considering himself as a candidate for the championship title. "So far, my season has been going really well, but there are still six races to go and many things can still change. Perhaps, I can say something about a possible championship title two or three races from now. Currently, I am just working from one race to another."
DTM in Russia: a logistical masterpiece
For the DTM teams of Audi, BMW and Mercedes-Benz, the journey to the east is a particular logistical challenge, in which they are getting support from DHL, the DTM's logistics partner. In 14 groups, a total of 67 trucks made their way to Moscow. Next to the trucks of the DTM teams, the team trucks of the FIA Formula 3 European Championship and the machinery of suppliers for hospitality and TV broadcasting are also involved. Depending on their home base, the journey takes the convoys from Germany via Poland and Lithuania to Latvia.
For instance, the three trucks of the Audi Sport Team Phoenix, located at the Nürburgring, will already have racked up almost 2,000 kilometres at that point. After clearing customs at the Latvian-Russian border, which can take up to ten hours when travelling into and out of the country, the journey continues towards Moscow on the M9. Admittedly, there are only 520 kilometres left until the final destination, but this part is by no means easy: the required breaks included, some 22 hours are calculated for the final leg. To ensure that the valuable cargo with the DTM race cars and equipments arrives safely at the destination, each of the convoys has two escort vehicles. The first trucks of the DTM teams were expected to arrive on Tuesday afternoon.
TV broadcasts take German fans into account
The time schedule for the Russian DTM round has been adapted to accommodate TV broadcasts in Germany. On Sunday, July 13, ARD is broadcasting live as usual from 13:15hrs, the race starts at 13:30hrs (15:30hrs Russian time). The battle for the starting grid positions on Saturday, July 12, will be broadcast live from 16:35hrs, qualifying gets underway at 18:40hrs local time in Russia.


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Year Introduced: 1993
If a good Air Jordan is meant to be polarizing, the Air Jordan VIII must have been one of the best. Tinker Hatfield followed up his minimalist Air Jordan VII with a plush monstrosity (to some, anyway) that featured cross-straps borrowed from the Air Raid and a carpeted patch on the tongue. Mike won his third title in these - then abruptly retired. Was it the shoes?
93. Air Jordan VIII
Year Introduced: 1993


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Golf the Sport of the Elite
Golf is a standout amongst the most difficult and intriguing games that is played everywhere throughout the world where a few individuals take it as a leisure activity and others as a genuine calling. The amusement obliges great fixation and practice in which golfers need to hit balls into a progression of openings with minimum number of strokes. For apprentices, the diversion can be appallingly convoluted as it includes numerous tenets and rules one needs to take after because of which it can set aside a great deal of time for individuals to comprehend the nuts and bolts of the amusement. Prior, golf was normally considered as an amusement for adults who used to play it for social reasons, yet now even children have begun taking the game as enthusiastically as grown-ups do. Get more information about
Beginning from selecting the right kind of clubs and balls, to understanding the length and velocity of the swings, there is a considerable measure one needs to know before participating in the exciting game. These days, there are some very much created golf groups on the planet that support the resigned and also energetic golfers to enjoy the game. A luxurious golf group may incorporate attendant services, spas, and fine feasting foundations to divert the relatives of the players and relaxation exercises like horseback riding to keep the youthful ones occupied. No big surprise, Golf is generally thought to be a materialistic trifle for high-class society.
A few golf occasions and competitions are sorted out consistently that stir intrigue and persuade individuals to be a piece of the sport.These golf competitions offer tremendous prizes where the victors fight out to the Grand Final to win the Champion's Cup. Free visit associations own and run their expert golf visits and it is typically hard to procure the participation of such visits. However,those who are competition stars can without much of a stretch accomplish it. There are generally three classifications of titles, Men's real Championship, Women's real Championship and Senior Major Championship.
Notwithstanding the natural issues identified with golf, the game has constantly stayed respectable and less built up in the midst of group of onlookers. The stickler ascribes that one needs to need to play this game makes it significantly all the more entrancing. The amusement helps in growing informal communities and gives an equivalent chance to set up a business connected with it.


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(Critical Edition of Young Adult Fiction)
At the very beginning of the Life of Alexander the Great (in a passage not included by Robinson in Ten Famous Lives), Plutarch summarizes the principles that he used in composing his biographies: His goal was to provide not a full account of every incident in the lives of his subjects but rather a few details that would give his readers insight into his subjects' characters. Plutarch was always mindful that he was writing biographies (bioi), not histories (historiai). Thus, the great sieges or most dramatic battles of a period may not even be included in his profiles unless they provide insight into the personalities of the individuals involved. It is important to keep this principle in mind when reading Ten Famous Lives. Plutarch hoped that his work would enable readers to understand the forces that motivated his subjects and to be inspired by the great deeds of the past.
Because of this intention, Plutarch has adopted a highly didactic tone throughout the lives. He wanted to present his subjects as moral exemplars whose nobility of purpose was worthy of imitation. In Plutarch's account, therefore, Demosthenes is presented as exemplifying the steadfast defender of liberty, Fabius as providing wise restraint against the impatience of others, and Cato as representing the sturdy values of the early Roman Republic. The writings of other ancient historians make it clear that the truth was rarely this simple: Demosthenes and Fabius were seen by many of their contemporaries as weak and ineffective, with Cato as an obstinate reactionary. Robinson's editing actually intensifies the moral focus of Plutarch's...
(The entire section is 680 words.)


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- Home
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- "Women's Radio Network Open Forum" To Feature AxoGen, Inc.
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- AxoGen, Inc. Announces Clearance from FDA to Proceed with New Multicenter Comparative Study for Avance® Nerve Graft
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Keselowsky and UF Researchers working to enhance outcomes in cancer treatments
April 12, 2017
Cancer research has relied on in vitro experiments with established cell lines to investigate the efficacy of chemotherapy drug panels, which limit clinical correlation. Targeting tumor-initiating cells could be a viable clinical strategy, but these cells are extremely rare, necessitating new methods for rapid and robust screening. Currently, oncologists lack the tools necessary to predict the success of various combination treatments from one patient to the next.
Dr. Benjamin G. Keselowsky, associate professor & UFRF Professorship in the J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, is co-holder of a UF owned patent entitled "Cell-Based Arrays, Methods of Making, and Methods of Using."
Keselowsky and other University of Florida researchers have developed a tool that allows the testing of multiple combinations of biological or pharmaceutical agents on small numbers of cells. The microarray separates the cells on a glass slide, allowing the user to test many agents at once: each agent is loaded into separate drug eluting films that target just a portion of the cells on the slide. Researchers can measure cellular response – including proliferation and differentiation – through immunostaining or by using contrast agents.
The impact is that this technology allows for testing multiple agents on small numbers of rare cells, providing a competitive advantage and requires only a small number of cells, lowering expenses and increasing productivity. Slides can also be stored long-term, decreasing waste and increasing utility.
Keselowsky also received the UF Term Professorship in 2017. This recognition is for excellence in teaching, research and service recommended by their college deans based on nominations from their department chairs and reviewed by the College Honors and Awards Committee.
Congratulations, Dr. Keselowsky!
• Emina Huang, M.D., associate professor, department of colorectal surgery, Cleveland Clinic
• Edward Scott, Ph.D., associate professor, department of molecular genetics and microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida
• Matthew Carstens, Ph.D. student, department of biomedical engineering, University of Florida
• Abhinav Prakash Acharya, Ph.D., research scientist, department of biomedical engineering, University of Florida
• Benjamin G. Keselowsky Ph.D., associate professor, UF Preeminence Term Professorship & UFRF Professorship, department of biomedical engineering, University of Florida


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By Ravi Nagahawatte
Ceylonese Rugby & Football Club (CR&FC) will encounter a challenge as mighty as climbing 'The Himalaya' when they host Havelocks Sports Club (Havies) in their Division 1 Inter-club Dialog League Rugby Tournament fixture at Longden Place on November 28 (Saturday).
Club rugby last week seemed complicated to the spectator because the coach's input to the outcome of the game was immense. Key substitutions in the CR-Army game saw the Red Shirts produce a flurry of tries and take the game away from the soldiers. This also underscored the advantage a homegrown coach has regarding his chargers when the opposition is coached by an expatriate. But today CR's coach Inthi Marikar will face an acid test because Havelocks SC is coached by an expatriate Tulagaese Tawita who not only knows the Sri Lankan rugby set-up inside out, but can also manage a conversation in Sinhalese, given that he has been in and out of the island for many years.
Coaches aside, CR&FC have the will and the skill to be counted as one of the top teams in the running this season. But this is only if they rectify their 'game' which was strewn with errors in their last outing. Their pack is loaded and the threes are game for anything when taking on opposition players, even if they happen to be twice their size. But rugby critics pointed out that CR&FC, just like the Army SC players, were guilty of going for unnecessary hits, most likely with the intention of massaging their egos. This really spoilt last week game which only produced the sparks in the final 20 minutes.
Havelocks SC have the men and the legs to carry any onslaught for a full 80 minutes. Prop forward Dushmantha Priyadharshana's unusual work rate on the field highlighted not only this player's zest for the game, but also the contributions of the team's fitness trainer Ransilu Jayatilake. Havies are once again hoping to have memorable season and finish on a high, given that this is the club's centenary year.
Havies are known for their exciting brand of open rugby and it will serve them well if they feed their hungry three quarters comprising Sandun Herath, Dhanushka Ranjan, Hirantha Perera, Samantha Lakshan and ex-Peterite Nishon Perera.
There was so much talk about the standard of refereeing in the first week of matches. But if the players make the least mistakes and play disciplined rugby, there is little a less than perfect referee can do to spoil a game.
CR&FC- Shane Sambandapperuma, Lahiru Pavithra, Malith Hettiarachchi, Ishan Moor (captain), Dilanka Perera, Sasanka Ariyarathna, Jason Disanayaka, Arun Kumar, Dilanka De Zoysa or Kavindu De Costha, Ashan De Costha or Tharinda Ratwatte, Mekalanka Praboda, Kanchana Ramanayaka, Bhanuka Nanayakkara, Kavindu Perera or Sashan Mohamad, Prince Chamara
HAVELOCKS sc- Dushmantha Priyadarshana, Liston Karunarathna, Ganuka Disanayaka, Umesh Madushan, Sithum Peiris, Shenal Deelaka, Rohitha Rajapaksha, Sudarshana Muthutantri, Rahul De Silva and Samantha Lakshan, Nishon Perera, Danushka Ranjan, Hirantha Perera, Sadun Herath (Captain), Kevin Dixon
Police host CH on Saturday
Also this week, CH&FC are hosted by Police SC on Saturday while Kandy SC host Air Force SC at Nittawela, on Sunday.


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Indian Maritime University Admission Form
Admission session is on in Indian Maritime University. Applicants those who are willing to take admission for Under Graduate, Post Graduate and PG Diploma courses can start applying towards their willing course. Candidates have to undergo through All-India Online Common Entrance Tests (CETs) for getting admission in Indian Maritime University. More information related to Indian Maritime University admission such as application fee, manner of applying, name of the offered course, etc is indicated below.
View More Latest Admission Details
Name of the University
Indian Maritime University was established in year 2008 as a Central University. The IMU has its regional campuses at Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata, Visakhapatnam, Cochin and Kandla. The University is headquartered at Chennai and the new HQ building is being built at 300 acres land allotted to IMU at Semmancherry village.
Name of the offered courses:
Indian Maritime University is offering below mentioned various Bachelor degree, Master degree and PG Diploma courses for eligible and interested applicants:
Bachelor Degree Courses
B.Tech (Marine Engineering)
Diploma in Nautical Science leading to B.Sc (Applied Nautical Science) B.Sc (Nautical Science)
B.Sc (Maritime Science)
B.Tech (Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering) B.Sc.(Ship Building & Repair)
Master Degree Courses
MBA – International Transportation and Logistics Management
MBA – Port & Shipping Management
M.Tech (Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering)
M.Tech (Dredging & Harbour Engineering)
PG Diploma Courses
PG Diploma in Marine Engineering
Eligibility Criteria:
Indian Maritime University must meet the below specified eligibility criteria for taking admission for their willing course:
For Under Graduate Course: Intermediate from a reputed Board or Institution
For Post Graduate Course: Bachelor degree in relevant stream from a reputed University
For PG Diploma Course: Bachelor degree in relevant stream from a reputed University
Application Cost:
Indian Maritime University has asked every applying candidate for submitting application fee for the course they are taking admission as per category wise mentioned below:
UR: Rs.1000/-
SC/ST: Rs.700/-
Payment will be done via online mode while filling application form
Manner of Applying:
Interested candidates are asked to visit the official website of IMU: imu.edu.in for submitting application form via online mode. Read the instructions carefully. All the details must be filled in correct manner. Upload scan copies of signature, passport size photograph and documents (as per required). At last take a print out of online generated application form for further correspondence.
Significant Dates:
Starting date for applying: 01st April, 2016
Closing date for applying: 13th May, 2016
Availability of Admit Card: 20th May, 2016
Date of Computer Based CETs: 04th June, 2016
Scheduled date of result: 08th June, 2016
Counseling date for UG and PG courses: 08th June, 2016 to 30th June, 2016
Scheduled date of commencement of courses: 01st August, 2016
More information about IMU Admission Form


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MILFORD, Conn. (WTNH) — Classes are cancelled today at Milford's Jonathan Law high School after the death of Maren Sanchez. It is now being determined if the juvenile suspect should be moved to adult court. Sanchez was stabbed to death Friday just as the school day was getting started. 16-year-old Chris Plaskon has been named as the suspect and is facing murder charges.
Plaskon is currently in juvenile court but could be moved to adult court if charges are changed. His attorney says a detention hearing was scheduled in juvenile court today but they have waived that hearing. That means the Plaskon family won't be fighting the state's rights to hold Chris. The attorney also said Plaskon is undergoing psychological evaluation. Jonathan Law High School teacher/ coach Mark Robinson told Good Morning America, "I have known his family for over ten years. I had his older brothers in football. As far as the boy goes, was there ever any evidence that this could happen? Absolutely not." There have been some reports that Plaskon was battling depression or some kind of mental illness. Details on Maren's funeral arrangements are being handled by Cody-White Funeral Home. Calling hours will be from 2 p.m. to 7 pm.. May 1, at the funeral home at 107 Broad St.
Police are still trying to figure out if the attack happened because Sanchez turned down a prom invitation. Even though classes aren't in session today the school will be open from noon until 5 p.m. for any students or parents who need counseling. Sporting events will go on as scheduled today. There there will be a vigil held on the football field tonight at 7 o'clock. Those planning to attend are asked to bring a candle. Among those planning to attend is Gov. Dannel Malloy. The Maren Sanchez Memorial Fund has been set up in honor of the young student and for all the people whose lives she touched. If you'd like to donate directly to the family there are several ways you can do it. Online you can go to Facebook and "like" the page 'Maren Sanchez – In Our Hearts'. You can also visit GoFundMe.com to make a donation. Donations can also be sent through the mail to:
The Maren Sanchez Memorial Trust
Victoria J. Koch, Esq. Trustee
325 Reef Road, Suite 200
Fairfield, CT 06824
Sanchez was an active member of her school's drama club. To honor her, this year's production of "Little Shop of Horrors" will go on as scheduled, according to Milford Patch. To remember Maren, the school has recreated the poster for the show. It will be held this weekend, May 2nd at 7 p.m., and may 3rd at 2 p.m. and 7 p.m.


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If there is one question that confounds me like the lack of order and method confounds Hercule Poirot, it is this: WHY IS ANALYTICS NOT A PART OF THE STANDARD SOFTWARE PACKAGE.
After all dude, the only reason we are putting all the data into the system, is so we get some information out of it, right? And we do not need vanilla reports any more. Analytics is like good food - once u get used to it, you cannot get un-accustomed.
So... why do most software vendors not sell advanced analytics of their information as a standard package on their software?? Why is Analytics sold separately?
Why are there so few functional consultants on analytics software? Why is it all technical and in memory computing, with very little thought given to basics like what are the analytics interfaces we need (dashboards, timed reports, and everything in between), who our users are, what visualisation... et al?
In a standard implementation or demo, i see a lot of focus on 2 things:
1. How good it looks,
2. How technical it is.
The first part of the demo is meant to hypnotise you and the second is meant to completely befuddle you.
Heard about some terms - usability, relevance, et al?


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- Home
- Gradual Tan Body Medium/Dark -200mL
Gradual Tan Body Medium/Dark -200mL
St.Tropez medium-dark Gradual Tan Body is a gentle hydrating body moisturiser with a touch of self tan for natural healthy-looking radiance, perfect for lighter skin tones. This nourishing lotion is infused with aloe vera for powerful long-lasting hydration. St.Tropez has perfected this formula with additional skin care benefits such as natural emollients and minerals that activate collagen formation for smooth, supple skin.
St.Tropez Gradual Tan Body Moisturiser helps to build a light, golden tan over time, and is perfect for all skin types and colours, and for everyday use. Utilising advanced, paraben free and Aromaguard™ fragrance technology to eliminate tell-tale self tan aromas, St.Tropez Gradual Tan Body will ensure you maintain a natural, healthy glow all year round.
How to Use
The gradual tanning range requires application a little different to other self-tan products. Here are some tips and tricks to use when applying St. Tropez Gradual Tan Body:


text: Another great epi! I loved the whole "Going Rogue/Going Rouge" gift exchange :laugh and Gary Cole still looks good! The family dynamic with Peter home is definitely going to provide some good drama. The whole "role reversal" scene at the end was very telling. Alicia is going to have some adjusting to do as she is no longer the only one making parental decisions now that Peter is back...and still more hints about Kalinda's sexuality.


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Join us in celebrating our 40th year in 2016-2017
by participating in our #RHINO40readings40cities initiative!
Who can participate?
Anyone can be a host and anyone can be a reader. Hosts and readers can be RHINO poets from one of our past 40 issues, or simply a fan of the journal. If you're new to RHINO, we welcome you to the herd!
Where can the readings take place?
Anywhere you want to host – your local independent bookstore, library or community center, favorite coffee shop, and your own living room are all perfectly wonderful.
Yes, but what happens exactly?
If you'd like to host a reading this year, we'll connect you with possible readers in your area, send you a swag box, and help with publicity. We will also provide you with online materials including tips for a successful RHINO reading, a sign-up sheet for those who want more information about RHINO, and print/web versions of our logo.
After the reading, we'll post your photos on our Facebook and Twitter feeds. We'll even post your write-up and photos on the Big Horn Blog.
What's in the swag box?
- 3-5 assorted issues of RHINOs for you to sell or give away
- our famous poem bookmarks
- #poetrychangeseverything buttons
- a rhino t-shirt in your size
- a rhino cookie cutter and our rhino cookie recipe
I'm interested! Who should I contact?
Tim McLaughlin is our 40 Readings in 40 Cities coordinator; email him at email@example.com.
Include your name, how you are affiliated with RHINO, where you live, and the date(s) you have in mind.
And remember to follow us @rhinopoetry and on Facebook.
We look forward to hearing from you! The sooner you have an inkling you'd like to do this, drop us a line!


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Like many people I know, I plan to be at my parents' home on Thanksgiving Day. The family gathering will be just as you might imagine - there will be relatives we haven't seen in a while, parades and football on TV and more food than any of us could ever hope to eat.
I look forward to the turkey and ham, to the dressing and gravy, and most of all, to pumpkin pie. Our plates will be loaded to capacity, yet I doubt we will make a real dent in the feast set for us on Thursday. We can count on leftovers to carry us through the weekend, when the frenzy of Christmas shopping begins in earnest.
Having more food than we can eat, however, is not just a problem peculiar to Thanksgiving Day. Most days, in fact, there is food leftover at the Crawford table. A lot of that is taken care of in the days that follow, but not all.
Some will get lost in the back of the refrigerator only to be discovered a week or two later, in the monthly ritual purge of the Tupperware. When I think about it, the amount of food we throw away is shameful. Breads mold, bananas turn brown, vegetables go bad. We can't hope to consume it all. We always have more than we need.
It is easy to forget that we live in a land of plenty. We are enveloped by a culture that tells us that excess is expected, that more is never enough. Most of us know we have too much food, too many clothes, too many distractions from the things that truly matter in life. Some of us are under the mistaken impression that we actually deserve it all, if not more.
According to Oxfam America, more than 870 million worldwide people suffer from chronic hunger. Despite our many blessings, some of those millions can be found here in the United States. Many families in Columbia County struggle to put food on the table every day. Poverty and hunger are aspects of our community that are always there, but we rarely acknowledge.
So, tomorrow when we sit down for our annual feast, let us give thanks for our table of plenty, but let us also be more mindful of our neighbors who have little.
With a little effort we can all find ways to do some good. It doesn't require a vow of poverty on our part, it only requires a little conviction. There are many dedicated organizations in our community where help is needed and where each of us can do something to relieve the problem of chronic hunger.
When we rise from our Thanksgiving banquet, let's not fall back into our comfortable complacency. Let's rise to the occasion and lend someone a needed hand.


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MAHWAH, N.J.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--HealthSTAR Communications, a leading independent healthcare marketing services company, today announced the launch of HealthSTAR Fusion Group, an important new addition to its strategic network of companies. HealthSTAR Fusion Group will deliver state-of-the-art communications by 'fusing' science, medicine, information and technology with strategy and tactics that elevate the impact and depth of communications across audiences.
"HealthSTAR Fusion Group is a direct response to what we've heard from our clients about their needs," said Chris Sweeney, CEO of HealthSTAR Communications. "The business is changing and increasingly challenging; therefore, communications need to be based on strong strategic insights to ensure impact, they need to drive deeper customer engagement, and they need to leverage state-of-the-art technological solutions to cut through competing noise."
Led by Executive Vice President Joe Tardibuono, HealthSTAR Fusion Group will synergize disciplines from the HealthSTAR family to build effectively integrated communications, strategy and end-to-end solutions for its customers.
"We are committed to bringing together all of the elements that are essential for state-of-the-art medical communications," said Tardibuono. "Ultimately, a close and supportive collaboration with our clients—from companies large and small, across therapeutic areas and during all phases of the product life cycle—will be the key to not only our success, but a higher level of success for our customers."
To ensure consistency across disciplines, HealthSTAR Fusion Group will employ a proprietary process for comprehensive story development to ensure a strategic foundation for all communications initiatives, leading to dissemination that is compliant and streamlined.
Tardibuono said he is excited about HealthSTAR Fusion Group's ability to access cutting-edge educational technologies of network units, such as HealthSTAR's industry-leading vConnect. vConnect provides a platform and video production capabilities that allow for delivery of evidence-based promotional medical education across a spectrum of content formats, with applications for both healthcare professionals and patients.
About HealthSTAR Communications
HealthSTAR Communications is dedicated to helping pharmaceutical clients engage more effectively and efficiently with healthcare professionals. As a full-service communications company that has been partnering with the pharmaceutical and medical device industry for 27 years, HealthSTAR Communications maintains an innovative network designed to provide a comprehensive portfolio of healthcare marketing services. With headquarters in Mahwah, New Jersey, HealthSTAR Fusion Group is the company's newest subsidiary, joining HealthSTAR Strategic Engagements, HealthSTAR Clinical Education Solutions and Centron Advertising, Medical Education, Market Access and Public Relations. For more information, please see www.healthstarcom.com.


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I went to the Cycle Show yesterday looking out for the big themes that will help define cycling in 2010. I tend to glaze over in of the forests of identical crabon road bikes and hydraulically-enhanced mountain bikes, so if you want the latest on road and MTB, I'm afraid you'll need to go elsewhere. Last year's show proved that the fixed wheel craze had well and truly entered the mainstream with every bike company and their sister coming out with pared down 'urban fixies', some bringing the aesthetic of the flamboyant trick bike to the established form of the entry-level Langster and Pista. The fixed wheel bikes are still there this year but in much smaller numbers. What I found most interesting in this year's show was the rennaissance of the hub gear, with Sturmey Archer leading the way. Continue reading
Category Archives: Articles
Fixie-Killer: Sturmey Archer S2C
Today was trade/media day at London's annual Cycle Show at Earls Court. Among the most talked-about new exhibits was the long-awaited Sturmey Archer three-speed fixed wheel hub, the S3X. In the craze for all things fixed, Sturmey's ancient ASC, a three-speed fixed hub that went out of production in the mid 1950s, has been selling for enormous sums on Ebay and for a few years now it has been rumoured that Sturmey would bring it back into production. The S3X is now ready to roll. Continue reading
Harriet Harman: On Your Bike!
Deputy Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the House of Commons Harriet Harman is 'helping police with their enquiries' about a minor car crash in which it is alleged Ms Harman committed two offences: driving while talking on a mobile phone and leaving the scene of a collision without swapping contact and registration details. Both are serious offences, the latter carrying a potential 6 month prison sentence. Ms Harman has form here. In 2003 she was fined £400 and banned from driving for a week after being convicted of driving at 99 miles per hour on a motorway, 29 mph above the speed limit. In 2007 she received a £60 penalty notice for driving at 50 mph in a 40 mph zone. As The Times reports today, Ministers convicted of traffic offences have traditionally had to resign their ministerial careers, though these days it does seem to take a lot more before 'honourable' Members to do the honourable thing. As the row continues to rumble on, perhaps there's an opportunity to turn it round to her own benefit. Continue reading
London cycle hire scheme – the lowdown
An accident of geography means that, official speaking, I'm a Lambeth Cyclist but I'm a Southwark Cyclist at heart, not least because of the dynamic Barry Mason, the quirky Rob Ainsley, the luminous Rebecca Lack and the feisty Ann Warren. I can even see the Southwark-Lambeth 'county line' from my doorstep. So I was delighted to be invited to attend their monthly meeting last night at which Transport for London's project manager for London's 'Velib style' cycle hire scheme gave a talk and answered questions. Continue reading
From London to Parris…
To: Matthew Parris, The Times, 1 Pennington Street, London E98 1XY
Dear Matthew Parris,
I am writing in response to your article "What's smug and deserves to be decapitated?" (The Times, 27 December 2007).
Whatever it is you've got against people who ride bicycles, to suggest that they deserve decapitation with piano wire is to step far over the often thin line that separates the wittily wicked from the plain nasty. Imagine an article that takes issue with Halloween in which the writer 'jokes' about giving trick or treating kids sweets laced with strychnine. Or piece against the war in Iraq that says British and American soldiers blown up by suicide bombers have received their just deserts.
The idea of cyclists meeting violent deaths on the road might make you chuckle, but I find it harder to see the funny side. Maybe it is because I know that every time I get on my bicycle I do face a small though very real risk of meeting a violent death myself. Maybe it is passing the spots where others have been killed, marked by floral tributes, bleached and withered by the sun and the rain. In London, where I live, around a dozen to twenty cyclists are killed each year, mostly in collisions with lorries turning left that have failed to see the cyclist on their inside. Earlier this month a woman by the name of Kate Charles was crushed under the wheels of a Tesco lorry in Brixton. In cases where the driver is found guilty of negligent or reckless driving, the punishment is invariably slight: a few points on the license, perhaps a short ban or a fine of a few hundred pounds. Custodial sentences are rare.
Indifference to the death and serious injury of people riding bicycles is commonplace and spiteful articles such as yours that seek to dehumanize people on bicycles only exacerbate the problem. There is a hidden assumption that people on bicycles are somehow 'asking for trouble', just as women rape victims are said to have asked for it if they were wearing a short skirt at the time of the attack. As for your idea that cyclists are all smug, self-righteous, self-satisfied, insolent jerks, I have no idea what your evidence is, since most of the cyclists I know are charming, cheerful and considerate souls (and that extends to not dropping litter, although there will always be a few exceptions). If you think about it, the very act of taking to the road without a two-ton box of steel to protect you means that you are trusting enough to put your life in the hands of others, and you have sufficient faith in humanity to believe that they will not run you down. I am sure your own antipathy an acute case of Freudian projection, with a side order of envy each time a bicycle glides past while you're stuck in a traffic jam.
Normally I would not write letter like this in response to yet another unthinking newspaper diatribe against people who ride bicycles. Over the year, the best of your writing has been distinguished by its humanity, thoughtfulness and rationality. That's why this particular column was such a surprise. Perhaps you were short of ideas in the last few days before Christmas and having seen the growing popularity of cycling thought that a bit of low rent contrarian invective would fill some space. Or maybe you just wanted to provoke a reaction.
Having risen to the bait, I'd like to make you a proposal. I present The Bike Show, a weekly radio programme on cycling, art and society that is broadcast on London's experimental art radio station Resonance 104.4fm. The show features 'rolling interviews' with artists, writers, poets, scientists, philosophers and others, all of whom share the belief that, as John F. Kennedy put it, "nothing compares to the simple pleasure of a bike ride". Someone once said that journalists should write about what they know. In that spirit, may I invite you out on a gentle afternoon ride (town or country) so you can find out what all the fuss is about. I'll even lend you my spare machine. How about that for turning the other cheek?
Yours sincerely,
Jack Thurston
The Bike Show
Update – 30 December 2007
I had assumed that piano wire decapitation was pure fantasy on the part of Parris. Turns out that it's not. Chapeau to Treadly and me for compiling a list of real life incidents that I have reproduced below:
- Cyclist caught in wire road trap
- Bikers warned of tree wire danger
- BMX boy in wire agony
- Wire 'traps' set on cycle paths
- Warnings over fishing line trap
- Wire 'trap' is laid for cyclists
- Cyclist hurt in park wire crash
- Wire deathtrap injures cyclist (barbed wire in this case—a special Queensland touch there)
- Two teens accused of performing prank that injures motorcyclist
- Vandals' wire attack
- Cycling injury: woman seriously injured but wire trap for cyclists in park could have decapitated victim
- Grand jury levies charges in terrorism of cyclists case (this bastard faced a maximum ten years in jail on each of two counts, but was sentenced to 600 hours of community service)
- Mountain biker killed by possible booby trap (not a wire, but the same lunatic mindset)
Le Tour in London
As the Tour de France comes to Britain for the first time ever, what can three books tell us about the meaning of the world's most demanding athletic contest?
First published in Prospect Magazine, July 2007.
The Beautiful Machine: A Life In Cycling from Tour De France to Cinder Hill by Graeme Fife (Mainstream, £16.99)
Push Yourself a Little Bit More: Backstage at the Tour De France by Johnny Green (Orion, £17.99)
Le Tour: A History of the Tour De France by Geoffrey Wheatcroft (Simon & Schuster, £8.99)
Kicking off on 7th July, this year's Tour De France will be the first in the event's 104-year history to start in Britain. Another first is that there will be no reigning champion. Just a week after the American rider Floyd Landis won last year's yellow jersey, it was announced that he had failed a routine test for use of synthetic testosterone, a prohibited substance used to aid physical recovery (Landis continues to protest his innocence, and has spent close to $1m defending himself).
In the wake of the Landis case, the reputation of professional cycling has sunk to a new low. A series of German riders have made confessions, including 1996 Tour winner Bjarne Riis. The first Tour winner to admit to doping, this May, Riis told a press conference: "My jersey is at home in a cardboard box. They are welcome to come and get it. I have my memories for myself." In what looks like a plea bargain, the leading Italian rider, Ivan Basso, has admitted "attempted doping." The German Jan Ullrich, Tour winner in 1997 and five-time runner-up, retired rather than face questions. How does a competition scarred by cheating, lying and hypocrisy retain its huge following in France, in Britain and beyond?
Since the Tour began in 1903, riders have used drugs of one kind or another to dull the pain and to stay alert. However, everything changed with the emergence of red blood cell-boosting hormones and blood transfusion techniques. The main factor limiting a cyclist's performance is not how much air the lungs can breathe in, nor how much oxygen the muscles in the legs can use; it is how fast the oxygen from the lungs can be transferred to the legs. The body uses red blood cells to do this, and so boosting red blood cell count directly tackles the bottleneck in the system. The effect on performance is pronounced; clean and doped-up riders simply do not compete on level terms. But blood doping is a risky business. Because the extra red cells thicken the blood, there is a danger that the heart will simply stop pumping. In the past few years, a number of young, fit racers have died suddenly in their sleep.
The anti-doping net never closed around Lance Armstrong, the Texan who won a record seven consecutive Tours. Yet suspicions abound. A test for the blood-boosting hormone erythropoietin was not introduced until 2004, but the French sports paper L'Équipe (part of the same media group that runs the Tour) claims to have retested Armstrong's urine samples from the 1999 Tour and found traces of the drug. Yet the heroic narrative of Armstrong's success—he won after recovering from life-threatening testicular cancer—has a human appeal far beyond cycling. It also opened the lucrative American market to the Tour and its sponsors.
The Tour's centenary celebrations in 2003 were accompanied by a clutch of books about the race. This year, the arrival of the Tour in Britain brings several more titles. Unlike in Britain, a French journalist can make a name writing about cycling, and it was France's stylish and literary sports journalism that first drew Graeme Fife to the Tour (having a French girlfriend also helped). Having previously written a history of the Tour, Fife has now published a memoir, The Beautiful Machine: A Life in Cycling from Tour de France to Cinder Hill. Fife finds the romance of the Tour bewitching, hearing echoes of the Greek epic poems he taught at a public school in Norfolk before turning to writing full-time in his early thirties. Just as the Tour's organisers take pleasure in sending the riders over rough mountain passes, up into the clouds, the ice and the wind, so he relishes following the same punishing mountain climbs himself, at a fraction of the speed, but with much of the same suffering.
Those who argue it is the brutal demands of today's Tour that force riders to turn to drugs forget that the Tour was at its most physically demanding in its early days. Its founder, Henri Desgrange, saw a link between physical effort and moral virtue. He wanted to see "a violent effort, prolonged, repeated, sometimes going as far as pain, demanding tenacity and even a certain stoicism." For Desgrange, a perfect Tour would be so tough that only a single rider would survive to the finishing line. The 482km stage along the Atlantic seaboard from Les Sables to Bayonne began at 2am and the winning time was a shade over 18 hours. In his day, Desgrange turned a blind eye to the various pharmaceutical aids that riders used to prevent them from having to give up. But I suspect he would have seen the new, performance-boosting drugs as illegal outside assistance—like getting a push from a team car.
Desgrange's successor, Jacques Goddet, was more tolerant of technological innovations. In 1937, Goddet allowed riders to use variable gears (Desgrange had always maintained gears were for the feeble and elderly). Yet Goddet cut an equally eccentric figure. When overseeing the race in the south of France, he wore khaki shorts and shirt, knee-length socks and a pith helmet, an unintentionally comic echo of French colonialism. Much of this entertaining history is recounted in Geoffrey Wheatcroft's Le Tour: A History of the Tour De France (2003), published in updated form this year. Though Wheatcroft's year-by-year chronicle can be relentless, he excels in drawing links between the Tour and various conceptions of Frenchness. Wheatcroft reminds us that, like most nation states in Europe, the modern French state was assembled from a patchwork of kingdoms and principalities whose people regarded Parisians as foreigners. La Grande Boucle (as the Tour is known) girdles France, reassuring her citizens and reminding her neighbours of her inviolable borders.
If Wheatcroft efficiently relates the Tour's history, Johnny Green's Push Yourself a Little Bit More (Backstage at the Tour De France) brings to life its soul. Green, the Clash's former road manager, argues that professional cycling is the new rock and roll: the drugs are certainly in evidence, as are the showbiz and the trophy wives—and the scandals too. Green's inner roadie is awed by the logistics required to stage the three-week race, executed with the Gallic efficiency normally reserved for more utilitarian projects such as high-speed trains and nuclear power stations. Ken Livingstone certainly sees the Tour as the biggest dress rehearsal London will have for the 2012 Olympics.
Unlike the Olympics, the Tour comes to the people. The stadium is an entire landscape. For three weeks each July we see why France is the most visited country in the world: châteaux, vineyards, poplar-lined avenues, high mountain passes and fields full of sunflowers, each turning its head as the peloton passes by, hot rubber hissing on hotter tarmac. The route of this year's first stage, from London to Canterbury, offers history and legend to match, and the Tour's organisers are sure to draw our attention to hop fields, cherry orchards and Kentish oast houses as the race passes through "the garden of England." It is with a spirit of cultural celebration that millions line the roadsides, picnicking in fields as they wait.
With the doping problem running out of control, it seems strange that popular interest in the Tour is undiminished. Such is the determination of riders to win at all costs and so pervasive is their code of silence on doping that things will probably get worse before they get better. The recent trickle of confessions may yet turn into a flood. If the Tour is to clean up its act, it must combine a time-limited amnesty with a new requirement that any witness who fails to report doping can be charged with conspiracy. But even in these dark days, I cannot turn my back on the Tour. The spectacle, the history and the endeavour of the riders are irresistible.
Critical Mass: For London, it's time to move on
Like many hundreds of London cyclists I went along to critical mass last Friday night. I'd heard about the possible crackdown by the Metropolitan Police under the Government's new public order legislation and I wanted to express my right to ride. I've been riding in Critical Mass rides in London, Oxford and San Francisco for more than a decade and I've usually enjoyed the fun and friendship and the amazing feeling of riding along the city streets in large numbers, safely, showing how a bicycle can solve the problems of congestion.
Last Friday's ride attracted more than 1000 people. It was an impressive show of solidarity, and to give them their due, the Police acted in an overwhelmingly friendly and cooperative way. But by the time the ride had reached Parliament Square and a group of people decided to brandish their bikes aloft and bring the ride to a complete standstill, I had decided enough was enough.
I'm glad I didn't stay with the ride as it went back towards the West End but I've heard from others that people blocked Oxford Street for almost an hour, held up buses and generally caused disruption to everyone. Spare a though for all those shopworkers on minimum wage trying to get home on a dark Friday night. What kind of a message does that send out to people about cycling and cyclists?
Friday's ride marked a turning point for me. London's Critical Mass has always quietly tolerated those people who tried to hijack it for their own causes, whether they're against Shell, McDonalds or the Iraq War. But now it seems that Critical Mass has inverted its own founding creed of being a bike ride not a protest. It is abundantly clear that it is now a protest, not a bike ride. And in doing so, it has become a convenient vehicle for the angry mob who like to be anti-everything.
Over the years Critical Mass has undoubtedly raised the profile of cycling and contributed in its own way to the massive growth of cycling in the capital. Riding a bike is now a perfectly ordinary way of getting around town, and Governments are broadly supportive, although it is always possible for them to do better. I ride my bike in London and see so many other riders around me that it feels like a Critical Mass every day.
A conversation I overheard on Friday sums it up perfectly. It was a bike messenger complaining, in very good humour, that he rode 100 miles a day, every day, and hadn't had a mechanical failure for months. But he'd come on Critical Mass for the first time in years and been rear-ended by another rider, buckling his back wheel.
Cycling in London has moved on and Critical Mass now does more harm than good. But this doesn't mean giving up on group riding, far from it. Any day of the month is a good day to get together with bunch of friends or join up with a local group like Southwark Cyclists for one of their regular Thursday night rides. 6.30pm on the South Side of London Bridge. I'll see you there.


text: After visiting White Forest, I flew to Nimbasa City and battled trainers at the Small Court and Big Stadium, then I flew to Accumula Town and I headed south to Route 1. I used Surf and headed over to the P2 Laboratory area of the route and I boarded the Plasma Frigate once again. I battled Colress there for experience and then I flew to Victory Road. I bought some items at the Pokemon Center there and then I went over to Nacrene City and I revived a Skull Fossil at the Nacrene Museum. I left my new Cranidos at the Pokemon Day Care on Route 3 and I went to Pinwheel Forest afterwards. I caught a Pansage, then I went on Skyarrow Bridge, arrived in Castelia City and battled the trainers at the Game Freak building.


text:
The White Stripes have cancelled the rest of their U.S. tour — sparking
fears for drummer Meg White's health.
The duo, Jack and Meg, were set to perform several tour dates through next
month — but have pulled out citing "medical reasons."
A statement read, "The White Stripes announced that they are cancelling their
forthcoming tour due to health issues. Meg White is suffering from acute
anxiety and is unable to travel at this time.
"The White Stripes sincerely apologize to their fans: 'We hate to let people
down and are very sorry.'"


text:
As Sherlock Holmes comes home on March 30, the Guy Ritchie directed update of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's classic truly has the feel of a 21st century movie. Ritchie's mad-cap style of producing stories gives the centuries-old Holmes story new verve.
Ritchie takes audiences into 19th century London where Holmes and his trusty sidekick Watson are constant in their pursuit of justice.
In Richie's Sherlock Holmes, the great detective has never been challenged as the case that now lies in front of him. London is gripped with fear after a series of grisly murders. As the killer is caught in the act of his latest crime by Holmes and Watson, the murderer -- Lord Blackwood -- promises his hanging won't be the end of the killings.
Downey and Law shine as the crime-fighting duo. But, what is the most striking element of Sherlock Holmes' mastery is how a classic story has found a modern auteur at the right time in history to produce a new classic that reinvents the old.
After Ritchie's directing rock star work in RocknRolla and Snatch, not to mention the cult hit Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrells, it is easy to see why the former Mr Madonna wanted to take his filmmaking prowess to new heights -- a full fledged high budget Hollywood blockbuster. What he achieves in Sherlock Holmes is the right amount of riveting Ritchie tension with a dash of Downey's patented humor and Law's stoic grace. It is a match made in movie heaven.
Having the Blu-ray DVD combo pack of Sherlock Holmes is probably the best move. Whether some like it or not, Blu-ray is the wave of the home video future and in this challenging economy, a new Blu-ray may be out of reach. But, it is nice to know that whenever the upgrade is made, and it will be made, a Blu-ray upgrade of a family favorite is already in the house.
Sherlock Holmes is also available as a DVD only and On Demand through digital cable outlets across the country.
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text:
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text:
Louis B. Moore writes: > > >To both test and run the CGIs, I needed to set the interpreter field to > >the location of my Perl interpreter (as well as use '#!' with the Perl > >interpreter location since I test using MKS's Korn Shell). I have had > >both header and no-header Perl CGIs run OK. > > > Yeah, I got the the interpreter field pointing to the perl executable. > A script that doesn't need look at the environment variables works great. > (This does rule out forms, however.) It is as though something in the JDK > broke between 1.0.2 and 1.1.1 WRT reading the environment variables as > Jigsaw1.0a5 does the CGI fine with 1.0.2 and fails with 1.1.1. It is as > though something else was fixed between 1.0.2 and 1.1.1 WRT the start up > and shutdown of Jigsaw. > > I can work around it while waiting for JDK 1.2. I am mostly curious if this > is known behaviour. I have never seen that before, I must admit though that most of my CGI testing was done on Solaris (I think I did run CGIs on windows - at least at the time of writin gthat part of it, but can't remember if I tested it with 1.1) Anselm.Received on Thursday, 29 May 1997 12:13:41 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.1 : Tuesday, 6 January 2015 21:25:31 UTC


text:
Earlier this year, at the twelfth SAARC summit held in Islamabad, then Prime Minister Vajpayee mooted the vision of a common currency for SAARC.
Is this a goal worth pursuing seriously? Or is it one of those PMO/MEA 'economic initiatives' with low economic rationality and high temporary utility for fleshing out a prime ministerial speech in a regional summit?
(Incidentally, it is noteworthy that last autumn's official enthusiasm for free-trade-area initiatives has subsided somewhat in the face of reality and some serious questioning by a new Prime Minister with full command over the economics of international trade.)
Irrespective of pedigree, let's evaluate the proposal on merits.
Those in favour of a common SAARC currency usually advance four main arguments in support. First, they argue that a common currency is a characteristic of strong regional economic integration and therefore a worthy goal.
Second, they point out that currency unification will eliminate exchange risk and uncertainty and thereby promote inter-country trade and investment.
Third, these objectives will also be advanced by the reduction of transaction costs arising from currency conversions. Fourth, advocates back a currency union in the belief that it will promote political unity amongst the constituent nations.
Let's consider these arguments in turn. The first argument is really not an argument at all. It simply states that regional economic integration is a good thing and therefore we should pursue it by all available means, including a common currency.
It begs the obvious question of whether such integration is in the national economic interests of the cooperating nations.
That question can only be answered by exploring the costs and benefits of economic cooperation through various means. Similarly, the fourth argument is only a statement of faith, not supported by experience.
In the long sweep of history, common currencies have usually followed political unification (often attained through imperial conquest). Political unity has not been catalysed through currency unification.
One possible notable exception is the 50-year-old enterprise of European unification, spawned by the trauma of two world wars. In this case, clearly the advent of the euro has preceded full political unity.
But, even in this instance, it is far from clear whether currency unification (covering a subset of the countries of the recently expanded European Union) is promoting or impeding political unification.
Returning to South Asia, it is surely a very wishful pipedream to think that the fault lines of political conflict and rivalry between India and Pakistan (to take the obvious bilateral pairing) can be effectively bridged through a programme of monetary unification.
On the contrary, the slow progress of the South Asia Free Trade Area (SAFTA) suggests that political antagonisms have and will seriously impede efforts at regional economic cooperation.
The second and third arguments (of eliminated exchange risk and reduced transaction costs) are genuine economic benefits of a common currency.
The question is how significant these benefits are for South Asian countries and how they stack up against the very real costs that currency unification imposes on participating nations.
A rough guide to the significance of these purported economic benefits is provided by the importance of intra-SAARC trade in relation to the total trade of SAARC countries.
This ratio has hovered in the range of only 4-5 per cent over the past decade, despite SAFTA and various bilateral free trade agreements among SAARC countries.
Contrast this low number with 50 per cent plus for the North American Free Trade Agreement and 20 per cent plus for ASEAN. (Incidentally, there isn't much impetus for a common currency in even these more successful regional trading arrangements.)
Furthermore, intra-SAARC cross-border flows of capital are even less significant in relation to total investment flows into SAARC nations. Therefore, as a first approximation, it is clear that the benefits from a common currency are likely to be modest for SAARC members.
What about the costs? Although regional integration enthusiasts tend to gloss over these, the costs can be quite substantial for member countries. The most obvious costs arise from the loss of sovereign control over monetary and exchange rate policies.
A common currency means that these policies would be conducted by some version of a SAARC central bank which would subsume much of the policy-making prerogatives of today's national central banks of SAARC countries.
To put it bluntly, the RBI (together with the finance ministry) would no longer determine India's monetary and exchange rate policies.
Before turning to the economic costs, we should frankly recognise that the political and psychological costs of such loss of monetary independence are likely to be very substantial for all member countries and their governments.
As for economic costs arising from the loss of policy autonomy, the literature on 'optimum currency area' indicates that such costs are likely to be higher to the extent that business cycles across member states are not synchronised and to the extent that member nations are subject to different (in time and degree) shocks, to which their economies have to adjust.
The huge economic costs recently suffered by Argentina at the collapse of its unsustainable currency board system (a weaker version of a common currency with the US) should offer some warning to armchair proponents of currency union for SAARC.
Recent econometric studies by Maskay (e.g. in South Asia Economic Journal, 2001) and others have shown that there has been no significant synchronisation of economic cycles (as reflected in trends in GDP growth and inflation) among SAARC countries during 1980-2000.
What this means is that the monetary authorities in each SAARC country had to contend with rather different business cycle conditions at any given point in time.
Conversely, any uniform monetary and exchange rate policy imposed by a regional SAARC central bank would not have been in the interests of individual member countries.
These studies also suggest that the pattern of exogenous political and climatic 'shocks' experienced by SAARC countries was quite diverse, despite some emerging trends of convergence in trade and exchange rate liberalisation.
Overall, the empirical studies point to substantial divergence in the pattern of business cycles and shocks across SAARC countries. This, in turn, means that SAARC countries are better off retaining the freedom of policy action available with separate central banks and independent monetary and exchange rate policies.
None of this should come as a surprise, given the very limited degree of economic integration achieved across SAARC countries thus far. Nor is the situation likely to change dramatically in the foreseeable future.
The advocacy of a common SAARC currency at present is really a case of putting the cart before the horse. We need a far freer movement of goods, services, capital, and people across borders within SAARC before the issue of currency unification can be treated as serious. In any case, there is no real political appetite for a common currency.
The largest SAARC country, India, would consider ceding monetary autonomy to a regional SAARC central bank only if India effectively controlled that institution's policies. Under those conditions the smaller SAARC nations are hardly likely to sign on for a common currency.
To sum up, there are compelling economic and political reasons against a common currency for SAARC. It's an idea whose time has not yet come and, quite possibly, never will.
The author is member, 12th Finance Commission, and professor, ICRIER. The views expressed are strictly personal.
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