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Lose Weight Smarter, Not Harder: Part 1, Behavior Change
The best thing about Monday's is that it's one big day of do-overs. Ate too much over the weekend? Come Monday, it's a do-over. Drank a little too much? No worries, Monday remembers nothing.
Today is one big do over for me, because I just learned that in 4 weeks I'll be facing my husband's family for a week-long-bathing-suit wearing beach family reunion. You may be thinking, "what's the big deal, they're all older too"? The big deal is that my husband's family are South American. South American women are the ninjas of global beauty and know how to take care of business. Looking good and seeing if you look good too is part of their culture. Not in a nasty way, it's just what they do.
There isn't a Miracle Suit on this planet that will get me out of this, so I have to hunker down and get into shape if I don't want to feel self-conscious about my tapioca thighs.
The good thing is there is nothing like a little competition to kick-start "Me 2.o" (rather "Me 10.o"). Having dealt with my weight my whole life (including a stint as an actress), I have a suite of tools for getting into shape fast without losing my mind. I also know what derails me — weekends, wine and winding down. I just love good food and socializing, so I'll eat a little too much, a little too often. This is important so I can prepare in advance.
The most enlightening experience I had about weight though, came thru a consulting gig I had a few years ago with a pharmaceutical company that was launching a prescription weight loss drug. Having access to world-class weight loss experts and psychologists was an education in itself. What I learned from them was that the biggest barrier to sustained weight loss is long-term behavior change coupled with the fact that we live in an "obesogenic" society. This is referring to the giant portion sizes, the lack of everyday exercise options (such as walking to work), dependence on fast food, processed food and the over use of high fructose corn syrup. And because so many Americans having gotten increasingly heavy, we're visually getting accustomed to obesity as the new normal.
As the first in a series of how to get in shape once and for all, here we tackle behavior change for lasting weight loss and make a plan to get there:
But where do you find motivation when you don't have a major life event around the corner? Enter "The Beck Diet Solution". It's based on cognitive behavior therapy and the easiest roadmap for retraining yourself to think about your body and what you put in it. I can't recommend the workbook enough, but here are the Cliff Notes I use from the program.
- Create an "Advantages Response" card which captures all the long-term reasons you want to lose weight. Read this every morning, before every meal or when you're tempted. I keep mine in my Evernote app on my iPhone and as index cards at my office, purse and kitchen. Mine looks like this:
- Losing 10 lbs is the single most important thing I can do to look younger, especially because my fat is hanging out around my middle and lower face.
- Weighing less than 120 lbs moves me from a 6 to an 8 on the 1-10 scale of hotness.
- Mojo! Being at my fighting weight removes one layer of insecurity that can hold me back and make me feel withdrawn with others.
- Being at the low-end of my BMI reduces my breast cancer recurrence risk.
- Create a Barrier Buster card for every time a craving strikes. It's a reminder that the act of eating is tied to a lot of other things other than food. Here are few that keep my on the straight and narrow:
- If you're not physically hungry, you're eating to comfort or entertain yourself.
- The pleasure of eating only lasts a few fleeting moments.
- Hunger is not an emergency – it will pass.
- Only two bites of any sweet is all that's needed to satisfy sweet craving.
It is an undisputable fact that by writing down every morsel you put in your mouth you will lose weight and keep it off because it retrains your brain to be mindful. The trick however, is to be brutally honest with yourself and count everything, including those little "licks, bites and tastes" you think don't matter. So get out the food scale and measuring cups so you can be sure you didn't accidentally just eat 3 cups of oatmeal and call it a serving. My favorite it Weight Watchers e-tools because I can track exercise and good food choices.
I use Weight Watchers, both online and offline. While you can just use WW online, I have to say there is some magic in those meetings even though I dread them. What I do know works is the accountability of having an objective person weigh me each week and the motivation that comes with seeing the scale go down. Whatever you do, don't skip a weigh in. I guarantee you that even if you aren't happy with the number on the scale, you'll be thinner the following week than if you didn't weigh in. And remember, it's just a number that exists whether you know about it or not.
My goal is to get from the above weight down to 118 by August 3rd. This should be completely do-able and is a little over 1 1/2 lbs a week. I didn't make it more aggressive because I have some parties coming up I want to enjoy, so it's a compromise but one I can live with.
Here's my plan for making this a reality:
- Review my motivation cards every morning and before every meal.
- Track EVERYTHING, everyday, all the time, no matter how bad it is and over-estimate
- Attend WW once a week, no matter how bad the weigh in will be.
- Live clean during the week, with a controlled indulgence on Saturday's.
- Exercise: cardio 4xs, strength training 2x, walk to work and back every day (more to come on this)
Later this week, I'll share my favorite nutrition tips and top beauty goods.
What are your favorite strategies for knocking off a few pounds?
Related articles
- Dr. Louis Aronne: Why The Biggest Loser Will Never Win the Weight Battle, Huffington Post
- Combating the Obesogenic Environment
- Outsmart Your Belly Fat! MORE Magazine
- Weight Watchers is My Parole Officer, Narcissista.me
- The Thin Commandments Diet, Dr. Stephen Gullo
- Food Inc, The Movie


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My family Tree
I am trying to find any information on my heritage and geneology. My parents had been divorced from when I was a young child and I have never had any contact with the Spinola family.
I was born in Queens, NY to William J & Lorraine H Spinola in 1961.
I believe as a infant I lived in Queens. The only thing I remember is that my father was injured in the war and I believe had a plat placed in his skull. I was 2 or 3 when my parents split up.There was very limited contact with my father for a few years in Elementry school, but that stopped and no explination what happend ever was given.
Since than my Mother, Step Father, and both Grand Parents have died.
I am also trying to see if I may be related to Francis Spinola who was a Civil War General from NY.
More Replies:
Re: My family Tree
Judy Chesson 9/13/07
Re: My family Tree
Judy Chesson 9/13/07

subset: commoncrawl


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|Reference : Direct block of SK2 and SK3 current by the sigma agonist 1,3-di-(2-tolyl)guanidine
|Scientific congresses and symposiums : Poster
|Engineering, computing & technology : Computer science
Human health sciences : Pharmacy, pharmacology & toxicology
|Direct block of SK2 and SK3 current by the sigma agonist 1,3-di-(2-tolyl)guanidine
|Lamy, Cédric [ > > ]
|Moreau, Jacqueline [Université de Liège - ULiège > Giga-Neurosciences > Pharmacologie > >]
|Dilly, Sébastien [Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie / Giga-Neurosciences > Chimie pharmaceutique / Pharmacologie > >]
|Goodchild, Sam [University of Bristol > Department of Physiology and Pharmacology > > >]
|Marrion, Neil [University of Bristol > Department of Physiology and Pharmacology > > >]
|Liégeois, Jean-François [Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie pharmaceutique >]
|Seutin, Vincent [Université de Liège - ULiège > Giga-Neurosciences > Pharmacologie > >]
|38th Annual Meeting Neuroscience
|du 15 au 19 novembre 2008
|[en] Sigma receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system where they modulate neurotransmitter release, receptor function, ionic channel activity and calcium homeostasis. Two subtypes of sigma receptors have been identified (sigma-1 and sigma-2) with different pharmacological profiles, anatomical distribution and physiological functions. 1,3-Di-(2-tolyl)guanidine (DTG) is a sigma-1 and sigma-2 agonist which is widely used to probe the function of these receptors. It has recently been shown that sigma-1 receptor activation reduces the opening of SK channels in the hippocampus. We have observed that DTG (100 µM) reduces the apamin-sensitive afterhyperpolarization (AHP) of dopaminergic neurons within a slice preparation by ~60%, an effect not observed with other sigma agonists. In addition, neither the selective sigma-1 antagonist BD 1047 (30 µM) nor haloperidol (1 µM) blocked the effect of DTG, which suggested that the inhibition of the AHP might result from a direct block of the underlying SK channels.
Whole-cell recordings were made from HEK293 cells transiently transfected with rSK2 or hSK3 cDNA in symmetrical K+ conditions with currents activated by a [Cai] of 1 µM. Expressed SK2 and SK3 channels displayed a classical pharmacology, being blocked by apamin with mean IC50's of 100 pM and 4 nM, respectively. In contrast, both channel subtypes were blocked with equal sensitivity by N-methyl-laudanosine (NML). DTG inhibited both SK2 and SK3 currents with the same potency (IC50's were ~30 µM). A mutation that rendered both SK2 and SK3 insensitive to apamin and NML produced a current that was still sensitive to DTG. This direct block of SK channels may be important to consider in relation to the pharmacological effects of this compound.
|Giga-Neurosciences, Laboratoire de pharmacologie
|First DEI Walloon Region ; Belgian Science Policy ; Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Communauté française de Belgique) - F.R.S.-FNRS
|Département de pharmacie, Laboratoire de chimie pharmaceutique
|Researchers ; Professionals ; Students
|File(s) associated to this reference
Fulltext file(s):
All documents in ORBi are protected by a user license.


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(For more resources on Axis2, see here.)
Axis2 Architecture
Axis2 is built upon a modular architecture that consists of core modules and non-core modules. The core engine is said to be a pure SOAP processing engine (there is not any JAX-PRC concept burnt into the core). Every message coming into the system has to be transformed into a SOAP message before it is handed over to the core engine. An incoming message can either be a SOAP message or a non-SOAP message (REST JSON or JMX). But at the transport level, it will be converted into a SOAP message.
When Axis2 was designed, the following key rules were incorporated into the architecture. These rules were mainly applied to achieve a highly flexible and extensible SOAP processing engine:
- Separation of logic and state to provide a stateless processing mechanism. (This is because Web Services are stateless.)
- A single information model in order to enable the system to suspend and resume.
- Ability to extend support to newer Web Service specifications with minimal changes made to the core architecture.
The figure below shows all the key components in Axis2 architecture (including core components as well as non-core components).
Core Modules
- XML Processing Model : Managing or processing the SOAP message is the most diffcult part of the execution of a message. The efficiency of message processing is the single most important factor that decides the performance of the entire system. Axis1 uses DOM as its message representation mechanism. However, Axis2 introduced a fresh XML InfoSet-based representation for SOAP messages. It is known as AXIOM (AXIs Object Model). AXIOM encapsulates the complexities of efficient XML processing within the implementation.
- SOAP Processing Model : This model involves the processing of an incoming SOAP message. The model defines the different stages (phases) that the execution will walk through. The user can then extend the processing model in specific places.
- Information Model : This keeps both static and dynamic states and has the logic to process them. The information model consists of two hierarchies to keep static and run-time information separate. Service life cycle and service session management are two objectives in the information model.
- Deployment Model : The deployment model allows the user to easily deploy the services, configure the transports, and extend the SOAP Processing Model. It also introduces newer deployment mechanisms in order to handle hot deployment, hot updates, and J2EE-style deployment.
- Client API : This provides a convenient API for users to interact with Web Services using Axis2. The API consists of two sub-APIs, for average and advanced users. Axis2 default implementation supports all the eight MEPs (Message Exchange Patterns) defined in WSDL 2.0. The API also allows easy extension to support custom MEPs.
- Transports : Axis2 defines a transport framework that allows the user to use and expose the same service in multiple transports. The transports fit into specific places in the SOAP processing model. The implementation, by default, provides a few common transports (HTTP, SMTP, JMX, TCP and so on). However, the user can write or plug-in custom transports, if needed.
XML Processing Model
Axis2 is built on a completely new architecture as compared to Axis 1.x. One of the key reasons for introducing Axis2 was to have a better, and an efficient XML processing model. Axis 1.x used DOM as its XML representation mechanism, which required the complete object hierarchy (corresponding to incoming message) to be kept in memory. This will not be a problem for a message of small size. But when it comes to a message of large size, it becomes an issue. To overcome this problem, Axis2 has introduced a new XML representation.
AXIOM (AXIs Object Model) forms the basis of the XML representation for every SOAP-based message in Axis2. The advantage of AXIOM over other XML InfoSet representations is that it is based on the PULL parser technique, whereas most others are based on the PUSH parser technique. The main advantage of PULL over PUSH is that in the PULL technique, the invoker has full control over the parser and it can request the next event and act upon that, whereas in case of PUSH, the parser has limited control and delegates most of the functionality to handlers that respond to the events that are fired during its processing of the document.
Since AXIOM is based on the PULL parser technique, it has on-demand-building capability whereby it will build an object model only if it is asked to do so. If required, one can directly access the underlying PULL parser from AXIOM, and use that rather than build an OM (Object Model).
SOAP Processing Model
Sending and receiving SOAP messages can be considered two of the key jobs of the SOAP-processing engine. The architecture in Axis2 provides two Pipes ('Flows'), in order to perform two basic actions. The AxisEngine or driver of Axis2 defines two methods, send() and receive() to implement these two Pipes. The two pipes are namedInFlow and OutFlow. The complex Message Exchange Patterns (MEPs) are constructed by combining these two types of pipes. It should be noted that in addition to these two pipes there are two other pipes as well, and those two help in handling incoming Fault messages and sending a Fault message.
Extensibility of the SOAP processing model is provided through handlers. When a SOAP message is being processed, the handlers that are registered will be executed. The handlers can be registered in global, service, or in operation scopes, and the final handler chain is calculated by combining the handlers from all the scopes.
The handlers act as interceptors, and they process parts of the SOAP message and provide the quality of service features (a good example of quality of service is security or reliability). Usually handlers work on the SOAP headers; but they may access or change the SOAP body as well.
The concept of a flow is very simple and it constitutes a series of phases wherein a phase refers to a collection of handlers. Depending on the MEP for a given method invocation, the number of flows associated with it may vary. In the case of an in-only MEP, the corresponding method invocation has only one pipe, that is, the message will only go through the in pipe (inflow). On the other hand, in the case of in-out MEP, the message will go through two pipes, that is the in pipe (inflow) and the out pipe (outflow). When a SOAP message is being sent, an OutFlow begins. The OutFlow invokes the handlers and ends with a Transport Sender that sends the SOAP message to the target endpoint. The SOAP message is received by a Transport Receiver at the target endpoint, which reads the SOAP message and starts the InFlow. The InFlow consists of handlers and ends with the Message Receiver, which handles the actual business logic invocation.
A phase is a logical collection of one or more handlers, and sometimes a phase itself acts as a handler. Axis2 introduced the phase concept as an easy way of extending core functionalities. In Axis 1.x, we need to change the global configuration files if we want to add a handler into a handler chain. But Axis2 makes it easier by using the concept of phases and phase rules. Phase rules specify how a given set of handlers, inside a particular phase, are ordered. The figure below illustrates a flow and its phases.
If the message has gone through the execution chain without having any problem, then the engine will hand over the message to the message receiver in order to do the business logic invocation, After this, it is up to the message receiver to invoke the service and send the response, if necessary. The figure below shows how the Message Receiver fits into the execution chain.
The two pipes do not differentiate between the server and the client. The SOAP processing model handles the complexity and provides two abstract pipes to the user. The different areas or the stages of the pipes are named 'phases' in Axis2.
A handler always runs inside a phase, and the phase provides a mechanism to specify the ordering of handlers. Both pipes have built-in phases, and both define the areas for User Phases, which can be defined by the user, as well.
Information Model
As shown in the figure below, the information model consists of two hierarchies: Description hierarchy and Context hierarchy. The Description hierarchy represents the static data that may come from different deployment descriptors. If hot deployment is turned off, then the description hierarchy is not likely to change. If hot deployment is turned on, then we can deploy the service while the system is up and running. In this case, the description hierarchy is updated with the corresponding data of the service. The context hierarchy keeps run-time data. Unlike the description hierarchy, the context hierarchy keeps on changing when the server starts receiving messages.
These two hierarchies create a model that provides the ability to search for key value pairs. When the values are to be searched for at a given level, they are searched while moving up the hierarchy until a match is found. In the resulting model, the lower levels override the values present in the upper levels. For example, when a value has been searched for in the Message Context and is not found, then it would be searched in the Operation Context, and so on. The search is first done up the hierarchy, and if the starting point is a Context then it would search for in the Description hierarchy as well.
This allows the user to declare and override values, with the result being a very flexible configuration model. The flexibility could be the Achilles' heel of the system, as the search is expensive, especially for something that does not exist.
Deployment Model
The previous versions of Axis failed to address the usability factor involved in the deployment of a Web Service. This was due to the fact that Axis 1.x was released mainly to prove the Web Service concepts. Therefore in Axis 1.x, the user has to manually invoke the admin client and update the server classpath. Then, you need to restart the server in order to apply the changes. This burdensome deployment model was a definite barrier for beginners. Axis2 is engineered to overcome this drawback, and provide a flexible, user-friendly, easily configurable deployment model.
Axis2 deployment introduced a J2EE-like deployment mechanism, wherein the developer can bundle all the class files, library files, resources files, and configuration fi les together as an archive file, and drop it in a specified location in the file system.
The concept of hot deployment and hot update is not a new technical paradigm, particularly for the Web Service platform. But in the case of Apache Axis, it is a new feature. Therefore, when Axis2 was developed, hot deployment features were added to the feature list.
- Hot deployment : This refers to the capability to deploy services while the system is up and running. In a real time system or in a business environment, the availability of the system is very important. If the processing of the system is slow, even for a moment, then the loss might be substantial and it may affect the viability of the business. In the meanwhile, it is required to add new service to the system. If this can be done without needing to shut down the servers, it will be a great achievement. Axis2 addresses this issue and provides a Web Service hot deployment ability, wherein we need not shut down the system to deploy a new Web Service. All that needs to be done is to drop the required Web Service archive into the services directory in the repository. The deployment model will automatically deploy the service and make it available.
- Hot update : This refers to the ability to make changes to an existing Web Service without even shutting down the system. This is an essential feature, which is best suited to use in a testing environment. It is not advisable to use hot updates in a real-time system, because a hot update could lead a system into an unknown state. Additionally, there is the possibility of loosening the existing service data of that service. To prevent this, Axis2 comes with the hot update parameter set to FALSE by default.
Client API
Nowadays, asynchronous or non-blocking Web Service invocation is a key requirement in Web Services. There are currently two approaches to invoking a Web Service in a non-blocking manner. The first is the client programming model, where a client invokes the service in a non-blocking manner. The second way is the transport level non-blocking invocation where invocation occurs in two transports (it could either be two single-channel transports like SMTP, or two double-channel transports like HTTP). Axis2 client API supports both the non-blocking invocation scenarios.
Axis2 introduces a very convenient client API for invoking services that consists of two classes called "ServiceClient" and "OperationClient". The ServiceClient API is intended for regular usage when you just require to send and receive XML. On the other hand, the operation client is meant for advanced usage, when there is a need to work with SOAP headers and some other advanced tasks. With ServiceClient, we can only access the SOAP body or the payload. Although we can add SOAP headers, we do not have any way to retrieve the SOAP header by using the ServiceClient. We need to use an OperationClient for such a function.
ServiceClient has the following API for invoking a service:
- sendRobust : The whole idea of this is to just send an XML request to the Web Service and not care about its response. However, if something goes wrong, we require to know that too, so this API invokes a service, where it does not have a return value but would throw an exception.
- FireAndForget : This API is for just sending an XML request and not caring about either the response, or any exception. Hence, this is useful in invoking an in-only MEP.
- SendReceive : This invokes a service that has a return value. This is one of the most commonly used APIs. Hence, this is used for invoking an in-out MEP.
- SendReceiveNonBlocking : This invokes a service in a non-blocking manner. This method can be used when the service has a return value. In order to use this method, we have to pass a callback object, which is called once the invocation is complete.
As mentioned earlier, the OperationClient class is for advanced users, and working with OperationClient requires us to know Axis2 in depth. In ServiceClient, we do not have to know anything about SOAP envelope, message context, and so on. But when it comes to OperationClient, the users have to create these by themselves, before invoking a service. Creating and invoking a service using OperationClient involves the following steps:
- Create a ServiceClient.
- Then create OperationClient with the use of the ServiceClient that we have created.
- Create SOAP envelop.
- Create Message context.
- Add the SOAP envelope to message context.
- Add the messagecontext to OperationClient.
- Then invoke the OperationClient.
- If there is a response, then get the response message context from the OperationClient.
In Axis2, each and every transport consists of two parts, namely "Transport Senders" and "Transport Receivers". We can define transports along with senders and receivers in Axis2 global configuration. The Transport Receiver is the one via which the AxisEngine receives the message, whereas the transport sender is the one that sends out the message. One of the important aspects of Axis2 is that its core is completely independent of the transport sender and receiver.
Axis2 is built to support the following transport protocols:
- HTTP/HTTPS : In HTTP transport, the transport listener is a servlet or org.apache.axis2.transport.http.SimpleHTTPServer provided by Axis2. The transport sender uses a common HTTP client for connection and sends the SOAP message.
- TCP : This is the simplest transport and it needs WS-Addressing support in order to be functional.
- SMTP : This requires a single email account. The transport receiver is a thread that checks for emails at fixed time intervals.
- JMS : This provides a way to invoke a Web Service using the JMS way.
- XMPP : This provides a standard way to communicate with Jabber server, and to invoke Web Services using XMPP protocol.
Other Modules
- Code Generation : Axis2 provides a code generation tool that generates server-side (skeleton) and client-side (stub or proxy) code along with descriptors and a test case. The generated code simplifies the service deployment and the service invocation. This increases the usability of Axis2.
- Pluggable Data Binding: The basic client API of Axis2 lets the user process SOAP at the XML infoset level, whereas data binding extends it to make it more convenient for the users by encapsulating the infoset layer and providing a programming language-specific interface.
Code Generation
Although the basic objective of the code generation tools has not changed, the code generation module of Axis2 has adopted a different approach. Primarily, the change is in the use of templates, namely XSL templates, which gives flexibility to the code generator so as to generate code in multiple languages.
Data Binding
Databinding for Axis2 is implemented in an interesting manner. Databinding has deliberately not been included in the core, and hence the code generation allows different data binding frameworks to be plugged in. This is done through an extension mechanism where the codegen engine calls the extensions first, and then executes the core emitter. The extensions plot a map of QNames versus class names that is passed to the code generator wherein the emitter operates.
Axis2 supports the following data binding frameworks including its own data binding framework called ADB:
- ADB : ADB (Axis2 Data Binding) is a simple and lightweight framework that works off StAX and is fairly performant.
- XMLBeans : XMLBeans is preferred if we want to use full schema support as XMLBeans claims that it supports complete schema specifi cation.
- JaxMe : JaxMe support has been added to XMLBeans, and it serves as another option for the user.
- JibX : This is the most recent addition to the family of data binding extensions.
Extensible Nature of Axis2
In Axis2, there are many ways to extend the functionalities. In this article, we will be discussing a few of them, which are listed below:
- Service extension of the module
- Custom deployers
- Message Receivers
Service Extension of the Module
Both Axis1 and Axis2 have the concept of handlers but when compared to Axis 1.x, there are few changes in the way Axis2 specifies and deploys handlers. In Axis 1.x, if you want to add a handler, then you need to change the global configuration file and then restart the system. In the meantime, it does not have a way to add or change handlers dynamically.
To overcome the above problem as well as to add new features, Axis2 introduced the concept of Web Service extensions or a modules, wherein the main purpose of a module is to extend the core functionality. It is similar to adding handler chains in Axis1.x. The advantage of Axis2 modules over Axis 1.x handler chains is that we can add new modules without changing any global configuration fi les.
A module is a self-contained package that includes handlers, third-party libraries, module-related resources, and a module configuration file.
A module can be deployed as an archive file. Axis2 came up with a new file extension for modules, called .mar. The most important file in a module archive file is the module configuration file or module.xml. A module will not be functional unless it has a module .xml file. A module configuration file mainly specifies handlers and their phase rules. So once we engage a module, depending on the phase rule, the handlers will be placed in different flows (inflow, outflow, and so on).
The idea of modules is very simple. To implement support for WS-Addressing or WS-Security in our services, we need to download the corresponding modules and drop them into the modules directory of the Axis2 repository. We can engage the module at deployment time by adding
Custom Deployers
We can deploy a service in many ways. We could deploy a service as an archive file (Axis2 default), by creating a service using a database, or by creating a Web Service using a text file. The idea of custom deployers is to open avenues to support any kind of deployment mechanisms. Axis2 has in-built support for:
- Archive-based deployment (.aar and .mar concept)
- POJO deployment (.class or .jar)
But if someone wants to deploy a service, or a module, then he or she can achieve that goal with the use of custom deployers.
As we have discussed, the Axis2 execution chain is a collection of phases wherein each phase is a logical group of handlers. The Message Receiver, in itself, is a handler. However, it is different from other handlers because Axis2 treats the Message Receiver in a different manner. If the message has gone through the inflow with no issues, or in other words, no exceptions have occurred in the middle of the chain, then the engine hands over the message to the Message Receiver so as to invoke the associated business logic.
Message receivers interact directly with both the actual service implementation class and the AxisEngine. However, there can be some instances wherein there are no service implementation classes and all the logic is handed inside the Message Receiver. The message receiver is the last component in the inflow process. Axis2 has got nothing to do with it once the message is handled over to the Message Receiver.
Axis2 is enterprise-ready. Its Web Service engine provides a better SOAP processing model, with considerable increase in performance for both speed and memory usage with respect to Axis 1.x and other existing Web Service engines. In addition, it provides the user with a convenient API for service deployment, extending the core functionality, and thus acting as a new client programming model. In this article, we have learned about the internals and architecture of Axis2. Thus, we have learned that Axis2 architecture helps in attaining a more flexible and extensible Axis2.
Further resources on this subject:


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I can't believe I'm still posting about London… I'm actually going back again next week, so it's going to feel as if no time has passed at all. At least not on the blog! But that's okay, because I really wholeheartedly enjoy writing about this city. I think it has stolen my heart!
My last day in London was mostly spent walking. We took the bus to Notting Hill, explored Portobello Road and then just kept on moving until we eventually – many hours later had reached Covent Garden. Notting Hill didn't always used to be part of the fashionable crowd, but for the last couple of decades it has definitely become one of THE places to be (or live) in London – at least as far as I can judge with my non-Londoner eyes. And as such, a stop in Notting Hill is one of those things that you (apparently) just have to do when you visit London.
The most famous part of Notting Hill is definitely Portobello Road or, more specifically, Portobello Road Market. One street with vendors selling Antiques, Vintage Clothing & Jewelry and many other things that you never knew you needed. It's hugely popular and has a bit of a reputation as the place to go on the shopping hunt. But you know what? I didn't really like it.
I know I tend to be very enthusiastic about things on the blog and that's because I genuinely feel very excited about most of the things that I do, but Portobello Road Market just didn't make the cut. Maybe I went on the wrong day. Maybe I just dislike shopping. But the market just really didn't strike me as special. Occasionally there would be something that I thought was pretty, but nothing caught my eye enough to even contemplate buying it.
I think people with a different personal style will probably have more luck, but for me it was pretty disappointing. I am set on going to Camden Market next time I'm in London, though, and have heard a lot of great things about it from some of my readers (thanks for the recommendation!) and maybe that will be a more gratifying experience.
Notting Hill itself is a really nice neighborhood, though. I can really see why people would want to live here. Many parts of London can be very hectic, very crowded and very loud, but Notting Hill is different. Once you have left Portobello Road, the streets are quiet and you really have the ability to catch your breath. The buildings are beautiful (and fancy), there's a surprising amount of greenery and you think to yourself: Yeah, I could live like this.
We made our way to Hyde Park, the green heart of London. In my opinion, every proper big city needs to have a great park. I'm lucky enough to live in an outdoor paradise here in Bergen, so it's not really an requirement in Norway, but if I were to live in London, I probably would go crazy if there weren't places like Hyde Park. Hype Park is giant – people go for runs (and sometimes rides), parents take their kids to the playground and couples go for a walk in the green. Yeah, I could live like this.
Doesn't this look like it wasn't taken out on the countryside?
Every time I see an old, thick tree I feel the need to go tree-hugging…
We popped into Selfridges and bought a decadently delicious Chocolate Éclair – but I ate it too fast to take a picture of it. Realizing that I hadn't yet been to the Horse Guards Parade, we chose to head there via New Bond Street before Dinner. We narrowly escaped suffocating from perfume in the only European Victoria's Secret store, I marveled at gorgeous show displays in the designer stores we passed.
I managed to snap one last picture of Big Ben, before my battery died. London was good to me. Can't wait to get back soon!


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Prospect buyer
Hey guys. Let me introduce myself. I'm Andre and my "daily" ride (weather permitting) would be a Suzuki sv650 with quite a few mods thrown in. Mostly handling tweaks, the engine is torquey enough. My winter beater died the other day and I will not dump another thousand or so in a car that's worth less than that.
So I was looking at something like this.
Many years ago I owned a 1988 325. The most fun car I ever kissed a girl in. Since then I had to compromise but now I feel like I need to get back to my roots. I'll be honest with you, the E60/61 looks good. But not as good as the E39. But other than looks and specs I don't know much about reliability or how well these cars are aging in Canada. Unfortunately my budget needs to stay around 5ooo, so I was looking at that car.
Any suggestions? Things to look for? I know the guys from that dealership (been buying their cars for quite a few years now) and I trust them to give me a fair price on it, but they are not a BMW dealer.
Thanks for your help and sorry for the wordy post.
Thanks again.
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(History of the World: The Middle Ages)
Article abstract: Adding knowledge of Greek thought to his Christian Roman background, Boethius became one of the most important mediators between the ancient and medieval worlds.
Early Life
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius was born into the patrician Roman family of the Anicii, whose members figure prominently in Roman history as far back as the Third Macedonian War in the second century b.c.e. The Manlius and Severinus families also could boast of eminent forebears. Boethius' own father held several important offices under Odovacar, the first Germanic ruler of the Italian peninsula. In 480, the supposed year of Boethius' birth, the old Roman families were adjusting and contributing to the reign of a "barbarian" king. When Boethius' father died, perhaps in the early 490's, another distinguished Roman, Quintus Aurelius Memmius Symmachus, became the boy's guardian.
An old tradition that Boethius was sent to Athens to study Greek has no basis in fact; he might as well have been sent to Alexandria, which by the late fifth century had replaced Athens as a center of Greek studies. Wherever he studied, it is clear that Boethius mastered Greek at a time when it was becoming a lost skill in Rome, and in the process he developed a strong interest in the great Greek philosophers on whom Roman thinkers had depended heavily for centuries. It is likely that Plato's Republic convinced him of the advisability of philosophers entering public life, and he combined an ambitious program of study and writing with public service. As a young man, he married Rusticiana, his guardian's daughter, with whom he had two sons. Boethius may have met the Ostrogothic king Theodoric, who had displaced Odovacar, in 500 when the ruler, who maintained his headquarters at Ravenna, visited Rome. At any rate, many of the traditional Roman offices persisted, and Boethius rose to the consulship in 510, when he was about thirty.
Life's Work
Boethius' earlier writings cannot be dated with any confidence. Of his five theological tractates, De Trinitate (On the Trinity), dedicated to his father-in-law, Symmachus, shows his determination to use reason in support of a doctrine which he recognized as standing firmly on a foundation of Christian faith. His interest in harmonizing revealed religion with the discoveries of pre-Christian thinkers foreshadows the work of the medieval Scholastic philosophers many centuries later. On the Trinity represents his attempt to reconcile for intellectual Christians the seemingly contradictory doctrines that God was one but consisted of three persons.
In addition to the tractates, Boethius wrote on all four subjects of the ancient quadrivium: arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy, although his works on the last two subjects have not survived. His most voluminous extant works, however, deal with one of the subjects of the trivium: logic. He translated treatises by Aristotle and Porphyry, wrote commentaries on these works as well as on Cicero's Topica, and produced original monographs on such subjects as categorical syllogisms and systems of logical classification. His overriding ambition, to harmonize the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle, probably bogged down amid the pressures of his public career.
After serving as consul, he became a Roman senator according to ancient tradition, and in 520 or 522 he obtained an important post with authority over most other government positions, the magister officiorum, or Master of Offices. This appointment would have involved moving to Theodoric's court at Ravenna and leaving behind the library at Rome that had sustained his scholarly endeavors. Also in 522, his sons were both appointed as consuls, although Boethius himself at this time could not have been much more than forty years of age.
With family prestige at this high point, Boethius was drawn into the struggle between Italy's Ostrogothic king and the Roman senate. Theodoric, who had been educated in Constantinople and who owed his kingship to the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno, brought with him a substantial retinue of his Germanic brethren, many of them subscribers to the Arian heresy, which held that Jesus was not coeternal with God the Father. Despite the potential for ethnic and religious conflict, Theodoric established a reputation for tolerance, impartiality, and devotion to the goals of peace and prosperity. Yet it was Theodoric who imprisoned, tortured, and eventually executed the renowned scholar and previously trusted official, Boethius.
Like philosophically minded civil servants before and after his time, Boethius found much to distress him in government, including rampant corruption. "Private pillage and public tributes," as he put it, depleted the treasury, and when he interceded to protect principled officials from the clutches of greedy courtiers, he made influential enemies. His troubles mounted when he rose to the defense of a fellow ex-consul and senator named Albinus, who was suspected of treason. It appears that Boethius was motivated primarily by a desire to defend the reputation of the senate as a whole from suspicions of complicity in the alleged treachery. Boethius apparently admitted to the suppression of evidence which he considered damaging to the integrity of the senate, a course of action inevitably leading to charges against him. Accused of plotting against Theodoric in favor of Justin I, the reigning Eastern emperor, Boethius was conveyed to Pavia in 522 and imprisoned there. Under the strain of a conviction he considered entirely unjustified, he produced his masterpiece, De consolatione philosophiae (The Consolation of Philosophy). If his previous writings and his government service had made him a notable man, this work commanded the attention of the West for more than a thousand years thereafter.
(The entire section is 2435 words.)


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New 49er CB Rogers talks about dropped balls
Published 3:46 pm, Friday, August 5, 2011
(08-05) 15:46 PDT Santa Clara -- Carlos Rogers is great and all, but eight interceptions in six seasons?
What's the deal with that?
Rogers, the 49ers' recently signed cornerback, was asked today about a possible reason for his modest interception total. In Washington, there was plenty of talk about his hands, which would have secured more plenty of more picks had they been more reliable.
Are the criticisms of his hands fair, Rogers was asked today?
"I don't think it's fair," Rogers said. "I have dropped some balls and I'm hard on myself about that. You know, (former Redskins defensive coordinator) Gregg Williams always told me if you don't catch it, you make sure that receiver doesn't catch it. And I think I did a good job my whole career, if I didn't catch the ball, my receiver wasn't making plays, wasn't scoring touchdowns. That's my whole thing: Make sure I'm tackling, make sure my man doesn't catch that ball."
Rogers said he was eager to leave Washington, where he'd spent his first six seasons, and escape the atmosphere surrounding the team, which has had its share of distractions (Albert Haynseworth; Shannahan vs. McNabb). He noted he was surprised that he wasn't required to speak with the media (we had requested to speak with him) prior to his first practice Thursday.
He was attracted by what he perceives to be a more blue-collar mentality in San Francisco.
"I needed a change out of Washington," Rogers said. "I wanted something new, an environment that is not (revolving) around superstars and who's the next player coming to the team. I just wanted a group of guys willing to work and get better. This team is hungry, having not had a winning season in a while. Just talking to Frank (Gore) and Vernon (Davis), just the attitude of the team, I wanted to be a part of that."
Rogers, who signed a one-year contract, said he examined the NFL's schedule when researching potential landing spots.
One item on his checklist: Would the team play the Redskins in 2011?
"Once I saw the team I was looking at, I looked at the schedule because there was nothing to do, just watch the NFL Network and work out," Rogers said. "So I got my iPad and see who the Redskins are playing -- 'Would this team want me if I go there? Oh, they don't play the Redskins.' Once I decided to come here, it wasn't long until I looked at that."
As Rogers makes the transition to a new team, he's happy about at least one similarity to his time in Washington. He said Vic Fangio's defense is very similar to the one defensive coordinator Jim Haslett employed with the Redskins last year. The terminology, he said, was different.


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Re: The Archy surname origins
In reply to:
Re: The Archy surname origins
My Ggrandfther was John Archy Jr. born Ky. his father was John Archy Sr born Va, his father was born in Pa I'm not sure of his first name.The name was later spelled Archie then it went to Archey.According to my Grandfather the name Archy was Old Virginia Dutch. That is all I know on the surname.
More Replies:
Re: The Archy surname origins
Cynthia Simmering 5/13/09


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'Never Go Back', book review.
My rating: 3 of 5 stars
There were parts of this book that I thoroughly enjoyed. Other parts were laboured, and therfore not so enjoyable. I will read more of Robert Goddard's books, but they are at the back of the queue.
View all my reviews
posted by J.J. Overton on February, 03
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SeriesIMA: In the Factory (6 of 11)
http://www.imamuseum.org/100acres/artists/loscarpinteros Los Carpinteros has developed a large-scale site-specific installation titled Free Basket for 100 Acres: The Virgina B. Fairbanks Art & Nature Park that continues their interest in the juxtaposition of the practical and the imaginary. Free Basket draws on the form of the basketball court, turning it into an aesthetically surprising entity that also offers a site for the community to engage in recreational play. In developing their project, Los Carpinteros chose to draw on the rich history of sports in the city of Indianapolis. Their project seeks to bring together art, culture and sports, providing an interactive platform for the larger community that engages them in art. Free Basket will be Los Carpinteros's first long-term public commission in the U.S.
Brought to you by IMA


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GENEVA, SWITZERLAND – Hillary Clinton's offhand announcement, at the tail end of a Town Hall meeting in Washington, Thursday 26 January, that she'll leave her post as Secretary of State when the president has time to name a replacement came as a big surprise to many while others wondered why it is news, since it's not the first time she's said it. Media reaction was at first muted as startled journalists dealth Clinton's abrupt cutoff of speculation about whether she would stay on if President Obama is re-elected. And then the kudos began to appear. Clinton says she would like to find out just how tired she is after 20 years in politics and government.
Links to other sites: Atlantic Newswire, CBS News, Chicago Sun-Times, Shriver in the Guardian, Politico, US State Department transcript of Town Hall meeting


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PORTAGE CO., Ohio (WKBN) – Interstate 76 eastbound at State Route 225 and I-76 westbound at State Route 534 is now open.
The portion of the road closed Tuesday afternoon due to downed power lines.
According to the Ohio State Highway Patrol in Portage County, a truck struck a high tension power line and is now lying across the Interstate near Milton Township.
Ohio Edison was called to help fix the power lines.
Beginning at 6 p.m. Tuesday, I-76 between SR 225 and SR 534 will have various lane restrictions for utility repairs through 11 p.m.


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