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Dumpster Rental Pricing, Please call 518.304.9216
Cornerstone Cleanouts is the leading name in quality junk removal services and dumpster rentals in Montgomery County NY. As dedicated professionals, we understand the importance of timely removal and management of junk.
Therefore, we strive hard to provide efficient solutions to all clients in the Capital District. Our services are directed towards both residential and commercial clients, ensuring utmost reliability and credibility.
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Looking to Rent a Dumpster in Montgomery County NY? Please call us at 518.304.9216
Reliable Junk Removal Services in Montgomery County NY
Whether you are looking for attic cleanouts, basement cleanouts, foreclosure cleanouts or light demolition and debris removal services, we are here to provide prompt solutions to meet and exceed all your junk removal and management needs.
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If you want junk removed in Montgomery County NY - Cornerstone Cleanouts is the answer. Your junk is taken away when you want at your own convenience. Please Call Us at 518.304.9216


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The map below shows registered sex offenders along with schools and day cares in Marion County, Indiana. Clicking on a location on the map will bring up a circle that represents 1000 feet. Data is updated as of January 29, 2014.
Please be patient. The map will take a few seconds to load.

subset: commoncrawl


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ATLA June 2013 : Page 86
WAYS TO SPEND YOUR SUMMER NIGHTS From impossibly chic communal dinners to scintillating outdoor performances, our city has a host of white-hot ways to celebrate after dark. Summer took its time to arrive, but now that it's here, you won't want to miss a minute. | By Courtney Bowers, Jennifer Bradley Franklin, Caroline Cox, Stephanie Davis Smith and Lindsey Weber |
Nightlife 20 Ways To Spend Your Summer Nights
Courtney Bowers, Jennifer Bradley Franklin, Caroline Cox, Stephanie Davis Smith And Lindsey Weber |
From impossibly chic communal dinners to scintillating outdoor performances, our city has a host of white-hot ways to celebrate after dark. Summer took its time to arrive, but now that it's here, you won't want to miss a minute.

 SEE

 1 Center of Culture

 As the epicenter of arts in Atlanta, The Woodruff Arts Center is a shining beacon for all ages—and, this summer, provides yet another flurry of activity across its multiple venues. The Atlanta Symphony Orchestra continues its classical series with a presentation of Brahms pieces conducted by Donald Runnicles on June 20 and 22, while the Alliance Theatre hosts a staging of C.S. Lewis' The Screwtape Letters, showing until June 9. The High Museum of Art continues its Gogo: Nature Transformed exhibit, exploring environment and jewelry through Aug. 25, and hosts its summer Friday Jazz nights on June 21, July 19 and Aug. 16. Kids and teens are certainly not left out with Alliance's summer performing workshops, the High's art classes June 25-28 and Toddler thursdays held through June 27. 1280 Peachtree St. NE, woodruffcenter.org

 STAY

 2 Inn Vogue

 Spend an unforgettable evening with a Night to Remember package at Four Seasons Atlanta. Arrive in a Jaguar XJL and check in to the palatial Presidential Suite on the top floor. Relax and unwind with a couples' massage in the spa and poolside Champagne lunch. Later, retire to your suite's dining room as the chef prepares a private feast in the kitchen. Drink in the city skyline on the fifth-floor terrace while snuggling under a blanket and roasting marshmallows over the fire pit. From $5,700, 75 14th St. NE, fourseasons.com/atlanta

 HEAR

 3 Garden Party

 Picnic like a VIP at the Atlanta Botanical Garden's Concerts in the Garden. With a donation of $500 or more to the green space, you'll be considered a Platinum Ticketholder for the year—whisked from your reserved parking space into a private entrance earlier than other concertgoers to snag prime seating. Reserve an exquisite spread prepared by Metro Fresh and dine in style as you listen to intimate musical performances amid sweet-smelling blooms. This year's lineup includes special performances by Pat Benatar on June 23, Lyle Lovett on July 26, and Mary Chapin Carpenter and Shawn Colvin, together on Aug. 9. 1345 Piedmont Ave. NE, concertsinthegarden.org

 HEAR

 4 House Seats

 See Beyoncé perform live on July 12 from a posh suite at The Arena at Gwinnett Center. A $60,000 annual investment yields 12 to 14 tickets per show, three VIP parking passes and $3,500 in bites and beverages per event. 6400 Sugarloaf Parkway, Duluth, gwinnettcenter.com

 DINE

 5 Group Dynamic

 Turn tablemates into new friends at communal dining experiences cropping up around town this summer. On June 23 and 24, Miller Union's Steven Satterfield hosts a Southern Chefs Series at the Inn at Serenbe with Marie Nygren—enjoy hands-on cooking, serious cocktails and storytelling from foodie pros (at $650 per guest, a night's stay is included). On July 30, join 4th & Swift for their fifth anniversary dinner, complete with a craft cocktail reception on the newly renovated patio and a multicourse meal chock-full of veggies freshly picked from chef Jay Swift's garden and micro-farm. 10950 Hutcheson Ferry Road, Chattahoochee Hills, serenbeinn.com; 621 North Ave. NE, 4thandswift.com

 DINE

 6 Forks Up! OTP movie fans can enjoy Milton's Fork & Screen in the huge garden patch behind the fancy resto. For $25 a person, get a gourmet boxed, chef-prepared dinner and see Fried Green Tomatoes on June 19, My Big Fat Greek Wedding on July 17 or City Slickers on Aug. 14. Imbibe with a cash bar. 800 Mayfield Road, Milton, miltonscuisine.com

 HEAR

 7 Beatle Mania

 Come together, right now, for this summer's Just Imagine – A Symphony Tribute to John Lennon, starring Tim Piper with Atlanta Symphony Orchestra at Chastain Park Amphitheatre on June 29. More than merely listening to the songs, attendees will experience this Beatles' music through multimedia platforms, as well as hear stories behind the songs and insights about Lennon's life. Grab ve friends and make it an evening to remember with a package of six terrace seats for $210, and preorder a catered on-site picnic dinner from Proof of the Pudding, complete with table setup and lighting. they'll pack entrees, appetizers, salads, sides and desserts that will feed your whole party for $199 to $254 and deliver it to your seats. Justimaginetheshow.Com; 4469 Stella Drive NW, classicchastain.Com; proofpudding.com

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 8 Pearls of Wisdom

 Art-lovers will appreciate the High's special members'- only privileges this summer. Join up and you can hobnob with other art patrons to preview Johannes Vermeer's "Girl With a Pearl Earring" up close in an exclusive preview (read: only members get in) on June 22—nibbles included. The rest of the year, enjoy other perks, like an invitation to the swanky annual Benefactors Luncheon and membership at NYC's MoMA. From $35 to $5,000, 1280 Peachtree St. NE, high.org

 DO

 9 Fantasy Baseball

 Fulfill a childhood dream with the Braves' Ultimate VIP Experiences: Superfans enjoy a behindthe- scenes tour of Turner Field, VIP parking, a private view of batting practice, 755 Club and Delta Sky 360 Lounge access, and a personalized jersey, as well as the chance to rub elbows with Freddie Freeman on June 16 or Chris Johnson on July 28. 755 Hank Aaron Drive SE, visitbraves.com/vip

 DINE

 10 Fish Fete

 Throw a dinner party that your inner circle will be talking about for years. The Georgia Aquarium offers private galleries to give small groups the opportunity to dine on Wolfgang Puck Catering (think grilled quail, sauteed diver scallop and Well eet oysters with Bloody Mary gelee) in the company of enchanting sea creatures. Sip on cocktails with beluga whales; nibble on hors d'oeuvres next to whale sharks; or satisfy your sweet tooth in front of one of the largest tropical living reef exhibits in the world. Catering minimum is $10,000, 225 Baker St. NW, georgiaaquarium.org

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 11 The Cos Catch the beloved Bill Cosby at Cobb Energy Performing Arts Centre June 28. Expect some stories from his current best-seller, I Didn't Ask to Be Born, But I'm Glad I Was. Take your Mercedes- Benz for VIP parking up front. 2800 Cobb Galleria Parkway, cobbenergycentre.com

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 12Game, Set, Match!

 Get in on all the action from the best seats in the house during the BB&T Atlanta Open July 20-28 at Atlantic Station. Snag the Lexus Inner Circle seats for $905 (or $668 for just the weekend matches), and receive exclusive access to VIP locations throughout the venue, courtside seats to all 11 sessions (including qualifying matches), plus luxury seating with padding and backs. Catch matches with John Isner and Mardy Fish, as well as doubles with Bob and Mike Bryan, all week. Feel like treating your whole department at work to the tennis spectacle? You can score 22 VIP suite seats, complete with air-conditioning and private stations, for a cool $22,000 for the week. Atlantic Station, bbtatlantaopen.com

 STAY

 13 Fire, the Works!

 Celebrate America's most patriotic holiday in style. Book W Atlanta - Buckhead's Fourth of July Salute to Swank! Package, and you'll spend the night in a palatial Wow! Suite (from $600). You'll spend the day viewing the Peachtree Road Race from Cook Hall's patio, opening at 7 (sipping adult bevies from their talented barkeeps by 12:30). en, watch the annual reworks at Lenox Mall that night from the exclusive luxe rooftop at Whiskey Blue's Annual Red, White and Whiskey Blue party. there's no better view of either events in the area. If you're more interested in seeing the Downtown sparks that night, book an exquisite room at e Ritz-Carlton, Atlanta for the Bed & Breakfast package (from $209). Stroll over to Centennial Olympic Park to see a glittering reworks display; retire to your stylish room; and then enjoy a complimentary romantic breakfast for two at Atlanta Grill. It's a re ned way to enjoy summer with a bang. 3377 Peachtree Road NE, watlantabuckhead.com; 181 Peachtree St. NE, ritzcarlton.com/atlanta

 DANCE

 14 Jump n' Jive

 Head to the Earl Smith Strand Theatre in historic Marietta Square for a retro-dance party filled with oldies performed by The Sock Hops on July 20. 117 N. Park Square, earlsmithstrand.com

 DO

 15 Walk on the Wild Side

 Channel your animal instinct s at Fernbank Museum of Natural History's annual Lost Oasis: Wild Safari benefit on June 8. At $100 per person or $300 per patron-level couple, enjoy live music and entertainment, an auction and prize drawing, special exotic cocktails and, of course, delicious bites. Go all out—your "wildest" attire is encouraged—by booking the master suite at nearby historic Stonehurst Place (from $299). This quaint—but luxe—bed and breakfast is a hidden gem in Midtown, with deep spa tubs, plush linens and a complimentary gourmet breakfast. 767 Clifton Road NE, fernbankmuseum.org; 923 Piedmont Ave. NE; stonehurstplace.com

 DINE

 16 Twilight Hour

 For a taste of wine country, trek to Château Élan for an alfresco dinner under the stars. The Under the Tuscan Sun dinner on June 22 and Bastille Day dinner on July 20 include expert wine pairings, multiple courses and a luxe overnight stay in recently renovated villas ($459 for two people). 100 Rue Charlemagne Drive, Braselton, chateauelan.com

 Do

 17 A Mod Rush

 Engage at Modern Atlanta's Design is Human event with a panel of the most pre-eminent modern designers in the city on June 5. Held at the Ligne Roset showroom, the experts include award-winning architect and designer Shawn Alshut of Studio A2, architect Cara Cummins of Tac Studio and design consultant Smith Hanes of Flags of Origin. None other than the former editor of Metropolitan Magazine Linda O'Keefe will moderate the design pros' discussion. It's a mod, mod world at the launch of the Design is Material exhibition on June 6 at e Sound Table. An essential part of the week's events, the exhibition features cutting-edge technology and design for both homes and commercial spaces. Wander through curated exhibits, workshops and a panel discussion moderated by Susan Szenasy. >>> Celebrate the launch of Modern Atlanta's two-day home tour on June 7 at ADAC. Pal around with the city's foremost modern designers and architects while sampling sips and bites from Octane Co ee. Multiple venues, modern-atlanta.org

 TASTE

 18 Something's Brewing One of the hottest restaurants in town, e Optimist, is hosting a Heavy Seas Beer Dinner with pairings on June 11. The guest list caps at 30, and reservations are required. For $50, each diner will enjoy cocktailing in the hip Oyster Bar to start things o , then move into the dining room for a coursed-out dinner with beer pairings. Chef Adam Evans and a Heavy Seas rep will explain each dish and how the beer pairs with it. Brewery aficionados will get the chance to sip on the Riptide White IPA, Small Craft Warning Uber Pils and Holy Sheet Uber Abbey Ale, among others. After you're full of tasty suds, make a staycation of it with a night at The Artmore Hotel, a boutique property nearby. Book its That's Amore package and stay in an executive king room complete with complimentary Champagne and sweets, free parking, and a charming patio where you can snuggle around the re pit full and happy. The next day, enjoy breakfast for two at the Gallery Café. 914 Howell Mill Road, theoptimistrestaurant.com; 1302 W. Peachtree St. NW, artmorehotel.com

 SEE

 19 Rivers Runs Deep

 Funny lady Joan Rivers hits Atlanta Symphony Hall on June 29 with her bawdy stand-up act. But only insiders know (by calling this number: 404.733.4848) that $83 scores you an orchestra seat to the show, as well as a three-course, prix fixe menu at Lure restaurant down the street. 1280 Peachtree St. NE, atlantasymphony.org; 1106 Crescent Ave. NE, lure-atlanta.com

 HEAR

 20 Country Boys

 Get the superstar treatment for the Hank Williams Jr. And Gregg Allman concert on June 21 at Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre. Order from the Red Carpet Wine Experience three days prior to the event and pick up a high-end bottle of Delamotte Champagne Brut Rosé for $200 or Champagne Salon 1999 for $400. Pair it with the Opening Act picnic basket and you'll get a trio of artisan cheeses, grilled flank
Read the full article at http://digital.modernluxury.com/article/Nightlife+20+Ways+To+Spend+Your+Summer+Nights/1407561/160178/article.html.
Publication List


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Unfortunately this is going to be short and to the point today. For one reason being that we only made three standard high/low traders for the entire day's trading. And, more importantly, we somehow seem to have lost or erased the screenshots for all the trade charts for our traded underlying assets. Even worse, we waited an entire extra day to write and publish our Binary Options Trading for Friday. Our lack of a photographic memory (or much of a short-term memory at all for that matter) means that we can only remember the barest of details behind the trades made. All we can do then is our best, and that will have to be good enough for today's journal entry.
That good old standby, the S&P500 Index is far and away our preferred proxy for overall market conditions in the US, and to some degree even the other major global indices. Here we have once again reached new all-time highs for the index, finishing at just over 1,900 for the first time in history. It did not, however, even remotely break that level with any degree of confidence or commitment. Indeed, it actually ended the day at the closing bell in the midst of a pullback, however small. Now nobody though that breaking that nice, round 1900 level was going to be easy. Especially after the amazing bull run we've already had over the last couple years. After all, this pace cannot last forever, and markets must at some point experience a rather devastating correction (given the large magnitude of the run-up).
With all of the above said, we personally will be moving into a decidedly bearish stance as markets move into next week's action. We're just not convinced that the "big money" that moves these markets is quite ready to push all-in on breaking that 1900 mark quite yet. We believe that they, like ourselves, remain in a fairly cautious mode, waiting for US and Global markets, as well as their trusted political economy interpreters/advisors to provide them with more information about where we might be going from here. It is in many ways a completely different economic and global financial situation which we currently find ourselves in, and there are no easy answers. We're essentially flying blind here, regardless of what your politicians or talking heads may be saying to the contrary.
Binary Options Trading Summaries For Friday 5/23/2014
Well, not much to say here. Which is, of course, why we populated much of this entry with general market commentary and analysis. But, we did make a few trades on our Boss Capital account, and even though we don't have chart images, or remember much of the rational for the trades at the time, we do have the outcomes and daily totals. So, let's get to it shall we?
We only made a total of three trades today, all of them of the standard high/low Binary Options variety, and all of them for the same investment amount of $100 even. The one other thing which all three trades had in common? Well, they all finished ITM by expiry for triple profitability. Can't complain about that. And it's one of the reasons we just called it a day at that and moved on to other things besides trading. Oh yes, they were also all short-run bullish index plays on the three biggest US indices. Let's take a closer look now (sorry the image came out a bit light and hard to see).
Binary Options Trading Summary For 5/23/2014
Even though we don't have charts and pre-trade analysis for these trades we will still just break them each down and work that into our totals and ROI numbers for the day. It will be short and sweet today.
DOW Jones High/Low Call Option Trade Summary
Trade Outcome: ITM
Entry Time / Expiry: 10:49:11 / 13:00:00 (in PST time)
Investment: $100.00
Returns Offered: 75%
Entry Rate / Expiry Rate: 16,597.65 / 16,606.75
Returns Received: $175.00
Profit/Loss: +$75.00 Profit
S&P500 Futures High/Low Call Option Trade Summary
Trade Outcome: ITM
Entry Time / Expiry: 10:49:25 / 12:00:00 (in PST time)
Investment: $100.00
Returns Offered: 75%
Entry Rate / Expiry Rate: 1,896.875 / 1,897.375
Returns Received: $175.00
Profit/Loss: +$75.00 Profit
NASDAQ 100 Futures High/Low Call Option Trade Summary
Trade Outcome: ITM
Entry Time / Expiry: 10:49:37 / 11:00:00 (in PST time)
Investment: $100.00
Returns Offered: 80%
Entry Rate / Expiry Rate: 3,668.125 / 3,668.625
Returns Received: $180.00
Profit/Loss: +$80.00 Profit
Binary Options Trading Investment Totals 5/23/2014
Total Trades Entered: Three (3) Standard High/Low
High/Low Trade Outcomes: Three (3) ITM
Total Investments: $300.00
Total Returns Received: $530.00
Total Daily Profit/Loss: +$230.00 Daily Profit
Daily ROI: +76.67% Daily Net ROI
A 76.67% daily return on investment is certainly nothing to be ashamed of I'd say. Indeed, I felt it best not to press my luck at this point and called a $230 profit for 10 minutes work a fair days wages for a fair days work, so to speak. We regret that we haven't been able to trade much lately, much less record and publish what little trading we can get away with these days. We are, however, working on at least improving that situation, if not necessarily getting back to a daily publishing schedule.
Well, until next time folks, trade smart and be lucky!
This post first appeared on B.O. Trading Bosses - Be A Binary Options Boss, please read the originial post: here


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ANCHORAGE - A resolution signed by President Bush calls for the United States to begin international negotiations to manage Arctic Ocean fisheries.
The resolution signed Tuesday was sponsored by U.S. Sen. Ted Stevens, R-Alaska, and applauded by Oceana, a conservation group dedicated to protecting the world's oceans.
Fisheries experts said that as polar ice melts, previously inaccessible Arctic waters may draw fishing fleets and rogue fishermen.
The resolution discourages the United States from supporting the expansion of commercial fishing in Arctic international waters until management agreements are in place.
© 2018. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us


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St. Paul will get a chance to gauge the interest in streetcars during a series of public hearings in January.
The city is advocating for a streetcar down four miles of West Seventh Street — the first of up to seven routes beginning in or stretching through downtown St. Paul. The start-up and construction cost for the project was estimated at $246 million, or more than $50 million per mile.
Open houses on the streetcar feasibility plan will be held on Jan. 15 in the fire station at 645 Randolph Ave.; and on Jan. 16, at the Dayton's Bluff Rec Center, 800 Conway St. Both events will run 4 to 7 p.m.
A presentation from open houses that were held this summer has been posted online at www.stpaul.gov/streetcars.
The draft recommendations were developed for the city by Nelson-Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc., and city officials have selected 4.1 miles of Seventh Street, stretching from Randolph Avenue to Arcade Street in Dayton's Bluff, as the preferred corridor.
The St. Paul Planning Commission will host a hearing at 8:30 a.m. on Jan. 24 in Room 40 of St. Paul City Hall, 15 W. Kellogg Boulevard.
Consultants reviewed 30 potential corridors and narrowed them down to seven recommended streetcar routes, including Rice Street, Payne Avenue, East Seventh Street, Robert Street, West Seventh, Grand Avenue, and a corridor that would run along both Selby and Snelling avenues.
On West Seventh Street, the hope is to create a "hybrid" service involving a streetcar that could eventually link to an express bus or light rail line to the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport.
Less obtrusive than commuter rail or light rail, streetcars can operate in normal traffic or their own right-of-way and they typically stop at less elaborate stations, making them cheaper to construct and operate.
Some cities, such as Memphis, have repurposed old trolleys from the late 1800s or early 1900s, charging as little as $1 to move shoppers throughout a downtown business district. New Orleans uses replicas of vintage streetcars to go farther distances, while Toronto, Portland and Seattle have deployed sleeker, more modern streetcars to shuttle workers, visitors and shoppers.
In most cities, the streetcar routes typically span no more than two or three miles, with the streetcars stopping every two blocks along the way.
St. Paul officials hope the streetcars will spur economic development and boost interest in public transit. Buses offer more flexibility in terms of their routes, but advocates say that flexibility inspires less confidence in developers and employers who worry about situating an office building or apartment complex along a transit corridor that can be changed at a moment's notice.
Funding will be a difficult discussion. The West Seventh Street route would cost $8 million a year to run and draw an estimated 3,100 daily riders.
Officials say it could spur $134 million in possible development along the corridor, according to the study.
The draft recommendations are available by calling 651-266-6620 or by visiting www.stpaul.gov/streetcars. Comments can be mailed in advance of the planning commission meeting to the attention of city planner Michelle Bealieu, 25 W. Fourth St., Suite 1300, St. Paul, 55102.
Comments can also be emailed to email@example.com, or faxed to 651-266-6620, or posted on the "Open St. Paul" website at www.stpaul.gov/open.
Frederick Melo can be reached at 651-228-2172. Follow him at twitter.com/FrederickMelo.


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Released on 14 January 2016.
I'm not a bad person, but maybe I did a bad thing . . .
Life is good for Anna Wright. She's a successful media executive working for one of the UK's largest TV corporations. She's got a great boyfriend, some close friends and a lovely home. She adores her dog, Wispa, and she loves to run to help her de-stress.
But Anna's perfect life starts to crumble from the moment when, out jogging on the Heath one day, she meets a handsome stranger. She takes a route into unfamiliar territory, and then she has to face the consequences.
There's a dark, growing creepiness as the atmosphere becomes unsettled and, as Anna's professional life becomes increasingly pressured and poisonous, her obsession with the intriguing stranger intensifies.
A startlingly addictive thriller from author Aga Lesiewicz and read by actress Nathalie Buscombe, Rebound is an unputdownable debut.
Aga Lesiewicz
Love Gone Girl and The Girl on the Train? Meet the next generation of dark psychological thrillers.
We asked Rebound author Aga Lesiewicz how she would commit the perfect murder and she suggested a unique weapon of choice...
Authors' writing desks aren't always confined to offices or kitchen tables. We asked Aga Lesiewicz where she wrote her psychological thriller Rebound.
We have some great crime fiction books from fresh new voices publishing in 2016. From chilling psychological thrillers to page-turning mysteries, there's something for everyone.


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AfriGeneas Free Persons of Color Forum
John Howard
Paul, my Great-Great-Great Grandfather is John Howard (1840 1850 1860 Federal Census) Stafford County, Virginia. It is highly likely he is a descendent of Frances Haward who begat Ann Howard listed in your Free Colored of Virginia. My research reflects John Howard married Elizabeth Dick on June 11, 1827 at Stafford County, Virginia and that one of their daughters, Nancy Howard, married J.D. Grayson in 1870. Any mention of Howard's in the Registry for Free Negroes in Virginia?


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Diabetes & Endocrinology
Contact Information
Request an Appointment Find a Doctor
The multidisciplinary physicians, surgeons, nurses and educators in endocrinology at Indiana University Health University Hospital provide the most advanced care in the region for all endocrinology diseases, including diabetes, thyroid disease, lipid disorders and metabolic bone disease. In children, we treat Type 1 diabetes, growth disorders and puberty disorders.
As clinical leaders, our experts deliver a comprehensive plan of care to help balance hormones and improve your bodily functions, which includes:
- The latest medical advances to treat disorders of the endocrine system, such as diabetes, hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, osteoporosis, high cholesterol and adrenal and pituitary conditions.
- Board certified endocrinologists, including world experts in bone and mineral diseases and diabetes.
- A broad range of outpatient programs and services to help patients manage diabetes, disorders of the endocrine system, complex metabolic bone disease and high LDL cholesterol that does not respond to drug therapy.
- Full-service Diabetes Centers with programs in early detection and self-management, as well as access to certified diabetes educators.
Through our partnership with the Indiana University School of Medicine, we conduct ongoing research that benefits patients right now. Our fellowship-trained endocrinologists offer enrollment in leading edge clinical trials. Our research initiatives include a national program in metabolic bone disease, the genetics of hypertension and osteoporosis, and the multiple aspects of diabetes, such as vascular complications.
IU Health Diabetes is the only high performing program in the state according to U.S.News & World Report's 2017-18 rankings. Our team provides comprehensive care including medication management, education and treatment. We offer a wide range of outpatient services, including nutrition counseling and diabetes classes. We work with you to manage and monitor your condition to ensure an effective treatment plan.
We offer the latest technological advancements in diabetes care that includes:
- Leading-edge therapies, including insulin pump therapy and glucose sensing devices for the most complex diabetic patient.
- Full-service diabetes centers with certified diabetes educators, including dietitians and nurses with specialized training in diabetes care and education. We also offer programs in early detection and self-management to help you confidently manage your diabetes.
- Certified pump trainers to teach patients how to use various insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring systems.
- Intensive monitoring and treatment of diabetes during pregnancy.
Jump ahead on this page
Center for Bone Disease
With world experts in bone disease on staff, the Indiana University Health University Hospital Center for Bone Disease brings you the very latest in treatment options for metabolic bone disease, including treatment and management of osteoporosis. Services include:
- On-site dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan for bone densitometry testing for osteoporosis.
- Infusion therapy for osteoporosis, including the latest biologic drug therapies to prevent or significantly slow down bone damage.
- The latest therapies for a variety of metabolic bone disorders, including Paget's disease, bone disease caused by cancer chemotherapy, disorders causing high blood calcium, disorders causing low blood phosphorus, hypophosphatasia and others.
Lipid Apheresis
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the major cholesterol carrying lipoprotein in your blood. LDL apheresis is a procedure that takes blood outside the body to remove the LDL cholesterol and then returns the plasma and blood back to the body. This procedure is used if diet or lipid-lowering drug therapy has not adequately lowered very high LDL levels in patients with coronary artery disease. The board certified endocrinologists at IU Health University Hospital have more than 10 years of experience with apheresis treatments. Treatment is provided in our private apheresis treatment suite at our north office location.
Thyroid Disease and Thyroid Cancer Treatment
Our specialists are known for our expert treatment of thyroid disease, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, and thyroid disorders during pregnancy. Our on-site ultrasound services also provide us with a diagnostic edge that offer better outcomes for our patients.
Additional Contact Information
For Patients
Call direct: 317.944.8660
We are located at: 550 University Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46202
For Physicians
Any physician, healthcare professional or healthcare agency may refer a patient to IU Health University Hospital endocrinology services.
Call direct: 317.944.8660
Fax: 317.944.1289


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The subcontinent of South Asia has inexorably been developing into a cauldron of violence ever since the origins of Islam in Arabia and its steady expansion to the east. Here it clashed with Hinduism a religion that was an antithesis of Islam and over the centuries this unhappy mix has been smoldering and has now reached a point where there is likely to be a furious conflagration. During the course of the history of this subcontinent there have been many watersheds, ever since the advent of Islam into this region. The first serious clashes took place in the hot plains of North India when the Muslim armies clashed with the Hindu Rajput rulers. After some fierce battles, the Hindu peoples settled under the kings of the Muslim Sultanates of the earlier dynasties of the Slave kings, until the Mughals stabilized a Caliphate in North India. The Mughals after Aurangzeb declined and the dynasty petered out.
When the British East India Company was ruling the country, there was a second watershed between Hindu and Muslim cultures. This was the Sepoy Mutiny, when the rigid Wahabi philosophy was brought to India by Muslims who went for the annual Haj pilgrimage. While Hindu and Muslim sepoys were involved in the Mutiny against the British, the Sikhs and the Gurkhas did not side with the mutineers. The revolt was crushed and the British Government then took over the reins of the Government. The medium of administration was Urdu during the reign of the Mughals. After the British Government took over the reins of government after the Sepoy Mutiny, they changed the medium of administration to English. This had a major impact on the domination of the Muslims in administration. It was the Hindus who took to English education and who also took advantage of the hundreds of Catholic Convents and Protestant Mission schools that were set up by the Proselytising Christian missionaries both Protestant and Catholic. In a couple of years, the Muslim community had declined in Government.
The third flashpoint in this story took place when the British had to divide India between a secular India and a Muslim Pakistan. In the run up to independence, many Muslim scholars objected to the division of India between a Muslim Pakistan and a secular India. For many a Muslim hardliner India was a Muslim Caliphate. One such was Maulana Maudoodi, a Muslim scholar, who stated bluntly that there were three Muslim Caliphates in the world, Sunni Iraq with Baghdad as the Capital, Shia Iran with Isfahan as the Capital and the Sunni Mughal Empire with Delhi as the Capital. He left, a bitter man for Pakistan after raising a strict fundamentalist religious group called the Jamaat-e-Islami in the then undivided Punjab.
When India was partitioned on 15 August 1947, there was a bloodbath as the Muslims attacked Hindus and Sikhs who were hastily migrating to India from the just created Pakistan in the west. In East Pakistan, there was an impromptu migration of Hindus to India, who were attacked by Bengali Muslims. The killings of Hindus and Sikhs coming from Pakistan to India and Muslims who were fleeing to Pakistan were photographed by news reporters.
The fourth flashpoint in this story took place when the Maharaja of Kashmir a majority Muslim state opted for India after vacillating for a time. In the division of India into West and East Pakistan, districts of undivided Punjab, Rajasthan and Bombay provinces in the west and districts of Bengal, Assam and Tripura that would go to West and East Pakistan was first delineated. The districts in Punjab on the route to Jammu of the state of Jammu and Kashmir were Amritsar and Gurudaspur. It was decided by Cyril Radcliffe that the district of Gurudaspur would be going to Pakistan as it was a majority Muslim district. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the would-be Prime Minister of Pakistan was very happy at this as he thought that since the road to Jammu from Amritsar would have to pass through Gurudaspur district, Jammu and Kashmir would automatically fall into Pakistan's hands.
Meanwhile Cyril Radcliffe mentioned in a press conference that three tehsils on the eastern part of Gurudaspur district would have to be taken out from the main Gurudaspur district and given to India. This came as a most unexpected bombshell to Muhammad Ali Jinnah because this meant that India would have a road axis to Jammu from Amritsar. This was the main reason for Pakistan jumping the gun and sending raiders consisting of Waziri tribals from the Northwest Frontier Province along with some Army regulars into Kashmir. The Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir suddenly acceding to India after procrastinating for some time also upset the plans that Jinnah was having for the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Since then Kashmir has been a running sore between India and Pakistan, over which the two countries have fought three wars in 1947, 1965 and 1971. Kashmir is still a festering sore between India and Pakistan.
The fifth flashpoint had its impact on Islam on an international plane. This significant event was the revolution in Iran in 1979, when Ayatollah Khomeini replaced the Monarchy in Iran with an Islamic Government. This brought about an evocative stir among Muslims from Morocco in Northwest Africa across the subcontinents of Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and South East Asia. The countries affected were Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Somalia, all the Middle East kingdoms and Emirates, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines. It is this Islamic revolution of Ayatollah Khomeini that saw the first suicide bombing by the Hizbollah, an insurgent group of Lebanon. It also produced the word jihad into the everyday lexicon of the Islamic fundamentalist.
The Russian invasion of Afghanistan and Pakistan's journey to fundamentalism
In 1979 a jihad was organised by Pakistan's Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) when Russia invaded Afghanistan. This call for liberation of an Islamic Afghanistan from the clutches of a Godless Soviet Union went out to the Muslim world from Morocco in the west to Indonesia and the Philippines in the east. The response was immediate and overwhelming with a call that Islam was under threat.
The momentous event in 1979—the Islamic revolution in Iran and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in1979—marked the rise of a new wave of Islamist movements which toppled the Shah of Iran and eventually drove the Soviet Union from Afghanistan and it was the enduring impact of the Iranian revolution and the defeat of Communism which precipitated the creation of over a hundred contemporary Islamist movements in the Middle East, Asia, Africa, the Caucasus, the Balkans and also in western Europe. Its founders had painstakingly built Al Qaeda al-Sulbah (the solid base) for the sole purpose of creating societies founded on the strictest Islamic principles. The Palestinian ideologue Abdullah Azzam conceptualized Al Qaeda in 1987. Defining its composition aims and purpose he wrote in Al Jihad, the principal journal of the Afghan Arabs: every principle needs a vanguard to carry it forward…It carries the flag along the sheer endless and difficult path until it reaches its destination in the reality of life since Allah has destined that it should make it and manifest itself. This manifest constitutes Al Qaida al-Sulbah for the expected society.
Azzam the ideological father of Al Qaeda was the mentor of Osama bin Laden. After co-founding the Maktab al Kidmat-il-mujahideen-al Arab or Afghan Service Bureau in Peshawar in Pakistan in 1984 Azzam and Osama ran it together for several years.
The Maktab-al-Kidmat-il-mujahideen-al-Arab received all the volunteers from Morocco to the Philippines who had responded to the call that Islam was in danger, housed them, armed them and organised their training to fight the Godless Soviet Army that had invaded Afghanistan. The project was financed by the United States and its chief architect was Zbigniew Brezizinski, the United States' National Security Advisor. The fallout was the wave of Islamic fundamentalism in the form of the Taliban, one of the most virulent Islamic fundamentalist groups, the gift of the Deobandi version of Islam and the Al Qaeda, a product of the extremist Wahabi sect of Islam that sprouted from Saudi Arabia. Both the Taliban and the Al Qaeda have changed the character of Pakistan forever making it one of the most dangerous countries in the world. The Al Qaeda and the Taliban have destroyed the culture of Pakistan and rendered it into a state of turmoil and despair where no one can say when a suicide bomber will appear and blow himself up, where there are everyday shoot-outs between Islamic factions and where the gentle Sufi sect of Islam that was the grace of Pakistan is in danger of being wiped out.
It was the invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Army that brought about a cataclysmic change in that country. Terrified of the godless Russian soldiers, the people of Afghanistan thought that under the Russians their very character would be changed. More than a million Pashtuns with their families fled to Pakistan. This sudden wave of refugees had to be settled in makeshift camps.
At the time of the invasion of Afghanistan by the Russians, Pakistan's Afghan policy was conducted with the help of the Jamaat-e-Islami and Gulbuddin Hekmatyar's Hizb-e-Islami. At this juncture, the Jamaat-e-Ulema- Islam (JUI) set up hundreds of Madrassas along the Pashtun belt on the borders of the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Baluchistan. The children of the Afghan refugees were all admitted to these Madrassas where they imbibed the JUI Deobandi philosophy. Among hundreds of JUI Madrassas opened, there were two that stood out. The first was a breakaway faction of the JUI led by Maulana Samiul Huq, whose Madrassa the Dar-ul-Uloom Haqqania was in Akhora Khattak in the NWFP which became a major training ground for the Taliban leadership. Another sinister Madrassa was the Jamiat-ul-uloomi-Islamiyah located in Binori in Karachi with a capacity of 6000 talibs.
Thus while the Islamic volunteers from Morocco to the Indonesia were fighting the Russian army in Afghanistan, the next generation of Islamic fighters was being trained in the JUI madrassas in Pakistan. These were the talibs, the children of the Pashtun Afghan refugees who had fled to Pakistan because of the Russian invasion of their country. They were to become the Taliban.
India's blunders in Kashmir and the diversion of Islamic fundamentalists to Kashmir
It was when all this was happening in Afghanistan and Pakistan that certain events happened in Kashmir that gave Pakistan what they had tried so hard to do from 1947 onwards—to start a rebellion against India. In 1983, Mrs Gandhi, India's Prime Minister was campaigning for her party, the Congress in Kashmir. She was not happy with Farooq Abdullah, who had been given the mantle of leading the National Conference the political party of Jammu and Kashmir by his father, Sheikh Abdullah.
Between 1947 and 1971 India and Pakistan fought three wars. Between 1947 and 1965, the Pakistan Army and its Intelligence unit, the Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) tried its best to rouse the people to rebel against India by identifying dissatisfied elements. All these have been chronicled in an excellent book by Praveen Swami one of India's most brilliant and perceptive journalists on Kashmir. All these attempts failed. They failed because the groups were amateurish and the Kashmir Police succeeded in each case in detecting the mischief makers, arresting them and neutralising each attempt.
Considering the revolution of Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran and its unleashing a wave of Islamic fundamentalism from Morocco to South East Asia and revival of Islamism among Muslims in all these countries, we should have handled Kashmir with kid gloves. The invasion of the Godless Soviet into Afghanistan and the reaction in the Islamic countries to this and the creation of the Maktab-alKidmat-il-Mujahideen-al-Arab should have alerted India to the consequences of this development Instead of that we blundered in Kashmir as will be seen by the underlying narrative.
In 1983, the State of Jammu and Kashmir was going to the polls for Assembly elections. Earlier, Sheikh Abdullah had passed on his mantle to his son Dr Farooq Abdullah, who was now leading the National Conference to the polls. Mrs Gandhi, the then Prime Minister did not like him, because he had befriended the new Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, NT Rama Rao, who had defeated the Congress party there. When Mrs Gandhi campaigned in Kashmir, she hinted that the National Conference was close to the Pakistan ISI. This, to say the least was absurd.
The National Conference was a secular party and was dead against Pakistan. The people naturally did not like this and the National Conference won hands down in the Kashmir Valley and Dr Farooq Abdullah took over as the Chief Minister. At this juncture, Mrs Gandhi asked the Governor of Kashmir Mr BKNehru to destabilize Farooq's Government by winning over his brother in law who was sulking in the background, as he had been denied the crown in Kashmir by Sheikh Abdullah. Mr BK Nehru refused to carry out Mrs Gandhi's direction. She, then, shifted him to Gujarat and sent her minion as the Governor to Kashmir, who carried out her diktat, by buying Farooq's brother-in-law and dismissing Farooq's government. The people of Kashmir were naturally incensed at this dirty game. In 1984 Mrs Gandhi was killed by her bodyguards. Her son who knew no politics or administration was made the Prime Minister. His advisors suggested to the new Prime Minister that they should dismiss the Government in Kashmir and hold fresh elections. This was done. Then they advised the new inexperienced Prime Minister to tell Farooq Abdullah to have an alliance with the Congress in the new election. Farooq agreed to this. The people of Kashmir were aghast at this.
Here was Dr Farooq, who had been dismissed by Mrs Gandhi now being made to have an alliance with the Congress for the new election! When the elections were held, the National Conference openly rigged the elections, stuffing ballot boxes, and even beating up the opposition candidates. Hundreds of young boys began an exodus across the Line of Control to Pakistan Occupied Kashmir. What Pakistan had tried to foment from 1947 till 1983- to start a rebellion in Kashmir by training and arming boys who slipped across to Pakistan, now found India offering the chance of fomenting a rebellion on a platter! In the background of the Russian invasion of Afghanistan, the creation of the Maktab-al- Kidmat-il-Mujahideen-al -Arab in Pakistan to fight the Russians and the ferment in Pakistan with the ISI in full cry, we created a situation in Kashmir for the ISI to divert the mujahideen after the Afghan war to fight in Kashmir. This was the real cause of the Kashmir insurgency. With the jihadis from Morocco to the Philippines collected in Pakistan for fighting the Russians, it was only a matter of time for a section of these jihadis to be sent to Kashmir. If Mrs Gandhi and her son and the leaders of the Government in Delhi had not blundered, there would have been no ground for Pakistan to divert the jihadis to Kashmir after they sent the Russians home.
The Pakistan Army's Inter Services Intelligence immediately organised the reception of hundreds of young men from Kashmir, who had come by slipping across the Line of Control. Insurgent groups or Tanzeems had already been formed and camps established for training them in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir, mainly in an area called Elaka Gair. The Kashmiri young men were poorly motivated as the majority of them were from a Sufi background. The Tanzeems formed like the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front, Ikhwan-ul-Mussalmeen, Al Jihad, Al Umar were poorly motivated and turned out to be poor fighters. The first Kashmiri group that performed with credit was the Hizbul Mujahideen formed by cadres of the Jamaat-e-Islami. The volunteers turned out to be hard fighters. A related Tanzeem, the Jamaat-ul Mujahideen also turned out to be good fighters. The cadres of all the above mentioned Tanzeems flooded the state. It was at this stage in the early 1990's that the ISI sent in the first Tanzeems who had fought in Afghanistan against the Russians. These were the battle hardened, Hizb-e-Islami a Tanzeem of the Jamaat-e-Islami, while the Harkatul Ansar was a Tanzeem of the JUI. Both these groups raised the tempo of the encounters in North Kashmir and the Army and the Border Security Force had some fierce encounters before killing two guest militants as they were called, Akbar Bhai, an Afghan and his compatriot from Sudan in 1992-93 in Sopore.
Meanwhile in Afghanistan the Russians were taking a beating. Among the groups who were battling the Russians a division began surfacing between the Jamaat-e-Islami sponsored Tanzeems like the Hizb-e-Islami. Initially they were also favoured by the Pakistan ISI. The Tanzeem sponsored by the Jamaat-e-Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) had by now several thousand acolytes, all Talibs, children of Pashtun refugees from Afghanistan.
We have seen the birth of the Al Qaeda midwifed by Abdullah Azzam, the Jordanian and his friend Osama-bin-Laden. Bin Laden had come to Pakistan when Azzam had started the Maktab-al-Kidmat-il-Mujahideen-al Arab and Bin Laden was flush with money from his father's construction business in Saudi Arabia. Bin Laden liberally funded the Maktab. The other financier was the United States, obsessed with fixing the Russians. Their funding was through Pakistan, where the funds were handled by the Pakistan Army through its Inter Services Intelligence. Naturally a part of the money was diverted to arming and training the Kashmiri militants and the Pakistani militants being trained for operating in Kashmir.
As far as India was concerned, Abdullah Azzam was the architect behind raising one of the fiercest Tanzeems—the Lashkar-e-Taiba the Army of the Pure (LeT). For raising this he found the ideal religious fanatic in Hafiz Muhammad Sayeed a committed Sunni cleric. It was with the funds from the CIA given for raising the Maktab that a part was diverted for raising the LeT. Hafiz Muhammad Sayeed located several hundred acres of land outside Lahore and there a vast complex of dormitories, mosques, and training facilities, firing ranges was constructed. His other associate was Zafar Iqbal. This was the Markaz-e-Dawa-wal-Irshad.
Strangely the LeT was sent into Kashmir for the first time in 1994. The Tanzeems of the JUI like the Harkat-ul-jihad-e-Islami (HUJI), The Harkat-ul-Mujahideen (HUM) and the Harkat-ul-Ansar (HUA) were sent earlier from 1993. I was posted in Kashmir in June 1993. By this time the first cadres of the HUA had already infiltrated. My first encounter with this group was in September 1993, when we had information that three Pakistani militants had occupied a house in Ilahi Bagh a locality of Srinagar on its northern outskirts. We had quickly surrounded the target bungalow and vacated several houses surrounding it and were exchanging fire with the militants holed up inside the bungalow. The target bungalow was quite big and we soon found that bullets that we were firing were not reaching the inner rooms.
The grenades we fired also did not land in the inner rooms. We could guess that the militants holed up were Pakistanis and from a tough tanzeem, because when we shouted through the loud hailer to the insurgents holed up inside the bungalow, that they should come out throwing down their weapons and we would not shoot them, they shouted back that they had come to become shaheeds (martyrs). Ultimately we had to fire rocket launchers that set the bungalow on fire and all three militants inside were killed. In all further encounters with the Harkat-ul-Ansar or the Harkat-ul-Jihad-e-Islami, their cadres never surrendered and we had to fight every inch of the way till all the insurgents were killed.
The LeT were exclusively recruited from Pakistan, Punjab. They were carefully selected and rigorously trained and motivated. Once ordained they never cut their hair. All the cadres were given pseudo names from the kuniats of the Companion of the Prophet. They were trained to be ruthless. In all encounters they never asked nor gave any mercy. Generally, when they fought an encounter and found that the enemy had exhausted his ammunition, they closed in and finished off the force personnel by decapitating their heads or disemboweling them. LeT is a very secretive organisation. Hafiz Sayeed says that Allah has ordained every Muslim to fight until his rule is established. We have no option but to follow Allah's order.
Pakistan's journey to a jihadi state began with the training camps organised on the border with Afghanistan in the North West Frontier Province to train the mujahideen who were to fight the Russians. The ISI organised the training and the instructors were from the Pakistan Army's elite group the Special Services Group (SSG). Among the trainees was a young Afghan from Kandahar Muhammad Omar, who would later lead the young Talibs from the JUI Madrassas. Omar was selected for the longer course and his trainer would remember him as one of the best trainees.
The long road to a jihadi state began even earlier for Pakistan when Gen. Zia-ul-Haq took over the Government in a bloodless coup on July 5, 1977. The Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) chief had a key role in the coup plan, indicating the role of the ISI in the future talibanisation of the State. Gen. Zia started the process of Islamisation of the Pakistan Army, by permitting the Tablique Jamaat, a fundamentalist Islamic religious group that was born in India to preach inside the cantonments. In 1979, Gen. Zia appointed Lt. Gen. Akhtar Abdur Rehman as the ISI chief. Cold, inscrutable, and secretive Gen. Rehman ensured that all contacts with the mujahideen in Afghanistan, all supplies of weapons to them would be handled by the ISI officials only. No CIA official was allowed to go into Afghanistan and all movements of the mujahideen into Afghanistan were handled exclusively by the ISI. Funds totaling millions of dollars received from the United States, matched by equal amounts from Saudi Arabia were all handled by the ISI only. The character of the ISI was effectively changed and it became a dreaded organisation in Pakistan.
The next step to a fundamentalist Pakistan was the raising of the Sunni communal organisation, the Sipah-e-Sahiba. The raising of this communal organisation was not connected with the crusade against the Soviets. It was because of the fact that political and economic power in Punjab lay in the hands of large land owners, mostly Shias, a minority compared to the Sunni sect. In a predominantly agricultural district of Pakistan Punjab called Jhang, most of the landlords were Shias. Over the years, Jhang developed into a centre of rich traders, transport operators, who were all Sunnis. There was a clash of interests. The 1979 revolution in Iran which sparked off a wide movement of awakening in Islamic societies led to the Shias in Pakistan to assert their rights. The Sunni Deobandi and Ahle Hadith seminaries that had come up by then led to a Sunni-Shia sectarian clash. This led to the birth of the Sipah-e-Sahiba a Sunni sectarian group to oppose the Tehriq-e-Nifaz-e-fiqh-e-Jafria. The Sipah-e-Sahiba soon declared that the Shias were not Muslims. Clashes took place where the Shias lost as they were numerically much smaller. The attacks on Shia mosques soon took the form of suicide bombers coming into a Shia mosque at the time of prayer and triggering off their suicide jackets amidst the congregation resulting in the most revolting casualties.
Meanwhile in Peshawar, Abdullah Azzam was suddenly killed in a bomb explosion. The Al Qaeda was taken over by Osama-bin Laden. The murder was never solved, but it was strongly believed that Azzam was killed by a bomb set up by Jordanian Intelligence. The majority of the people who joined the Al Qaeda were Arabs from Saudi Arabia and Yemen, The actual brain behind the Al Qaeda was the lieutenant of Osama bin Laden Dr Ayman Zawahiri a product of the Islamic Brotherhood raised by Hassan al Banna. He was a medical doctor, not a doctor of divinity but he was the genius behind Al Qaeda. His motivation came from a deep study of Syed Qutub, the ideologue of the Muslim Brotherhood. Al Qaeda came into existence in the 1980s, but it took its real shape when ideas fused with resources in the middle 1990s, with the alliance of Al Zawahiri's ideas and bin Laden's resources. Dr Zawahiri and bin Laden issued a joint statement in February 1998 sanctioning the shedding of the blood of every American. Al Qaeda motivated tribal youth in Pakistan's North and South Waziristan to raise pro-Taliban militias. It also hunted for natural leaders like Nek Muhammad, Beitullah Mehsud, Abdullah Mehsud, and Hakimullah Mehsud to infuse into them the spirit of Al Qaeda ideology and the strategies to be employed in the future.
The fallout of the Al Qaeda being constituted and the campaign against the Russians was the complete churning that took place in the two totally underdeveloped regions of Pakistan, its Tribal agencies, the Frontier Administered Tribal Area, particularly in two of its main divisions—North and South Waziristan. This area was inhabited by tribal clans who prized their independent way of life. The population in this Agency and in the districts of Afghanistan bordering FATA was mostly Pashtuns or related tribes who were fiercely independent and had their own way of life and code of honour called Pashtunwali. The British had not extended the pattern of administration they had structured for the plains districts of undivided India to these tribal areas. Here, tribal elders of each village were allowed to administer their population by jirgas or tribal councils. The Governor of FATA was generally a retired Army general. All offences committed was decided by convening a Jirga or council and after listening to the two sides a decision was given by the leader of the area called a Malik.
With the advent of the Al Qaeda and the fundamentalist Islam of the Taliban prevailing, the Mullahs who were generally well down the social scale now pushed down the Maliks and took over their role. Hundreds of madrassas for training the JUI cadres had come up in these border areas of Pakistan. The FATA had been given a thorough Islamisation of the Deobandi variety.
After the Russians retreated from Afghanistan in 1979, it was the Tadjhik leader Ahmed Shah Masood, who took control of Kabul. This was not liked by Mullah Omar, the Pashtun leader of the Taliban from Kandahar. He challenged Masood and after some fierce fighting captured Kabul. The Afghans were now divided. On one side was the majority Pashtun from the south and east of Afghanistan and on the other, the Tadzhik, moderate Sunni, the Uzbek also moderate Sunni, the Heratis, majority Shia and the Hazaras, Shia. The ISI could not intervene to resolve this problem..
It is after the Taliban captured Kabul that the situation began to deteriorate for both Afghanistan and Pakistan. The forward movement of the Taliban was guided and abetted at every stage by units of the ISI attached with each group of the Taliban. Meanwhile the Al Qaeda was busy planning to carry the Islamic war into the country who was its arch enemy, the United States.
Also, the sectarian conflict between Pakistan's Sunnis and Shias became bloody and deadly as Sunni cadres attacked Shia congregations in Shia mosques. Between January 1989 and June 2005, 1793 Pakistanis were killed while 3288 persons were injured. Today the situation has deteriorated so much that Shias and the hapless Ahmediyas may have to look for sanctuary in a neutral country. The editorial of the February 2012 edition of a popular journal of Pakistan, Newsline leads me to this conclusion. Where were the law enforcement agencies of the Government, when the proscribed groups, the Jammat-ud-Dawa, formerly the LeT and the Khatm-e-Nabbuwat held a rally against the Ahmediyya community in Rawalpindi on January 12, 2012?
These creatures of hate had pronounced their intent well in advance through anti-Ahmediyya posters and banners that appeared on Rawalpindi lampposts and shops many days earlier. Neither the local authorities nor the law enforcement agencies lifted a finger to stop this public display of hate literature against a section of society in the nation's capital twin city. In 2011 alone 24 lawyers from this community were targeted and in the New Year four more have been killed. Not so long ago it was the Shia doctors who were targeted. Eighty Shia doctors were shot dead in clinics, hospitals and on the streets and many hundreds were forced to flee Pakistan and settle abroad.
The situation in Pakistan took a second turn for the worse, when the Al Qaeda after years of planning sent in three suicide bomber planes into the twin towers of the World Trade Tower in New York and into the Pentagon. It was a complete failure of intelligence of the CIA and related agencies of the United States. The US government however found out immediately that the plot was hatched from the Frontier Agency of Pakistan and Al Qaeda was behind the plot. Musharraf, the former Chief who had taken over as President of Pakistan after a coup was bluntly asked by the United States whether Pakistan was with them or against them. He had to say yes to this after consulting his Generals and then he had to hand over two of his Air Bases to the United States for their operations into Afghanistan, besides directing his Intelligence agencies to coordinate with the Central Intelligence Agency to locate Al Qaeda cadres hiding in the FATA and North West Frontier Province (NWFP).
The ISI however continued to play a double game in direct defiance of United Nations resolutions, and continued to send in supplies of arms ammunition and fuel to the Taliban. Thus while some ISI officers were helping the United States to locate Taliban targets for US bombers, others were pumping in fresh armaments to the Taliban. Though Musharraf had promised to pull back all ISI personnel from inside Afghanistan, before the US bombing began, dozens of officers from the Pakistan Army stayed back in Afghanistan.
The first attack on the Taliban in Afghanistan commenced on October 7, 2001. In a bombing that continued for four weeks and then Dostum, the Uzbek chief led cavalry charges against the Taliban positions and routed them. Some 8000 Taliban retreated and the US Air Force targeted the retreating Taliban and the entire north became a shooting Gallery. Soon Kabul was captured. The retreating Taliban collected in Kunduz and Kandahar. In Kunduz a number of ISI officers and other Pakistani Army officers were trapped along with the Taliban. At this stage Gen. Musharraf spoke to the US President George Bush requesting to stop the bombing and to give him an air corridor so that he could send some Pakistan Air Force planes and evacuate his trapped officers. The US President agreed and kept the operation secret.
On November 15, 2001, Northern Army Commanders in Kunduz reported that Pakistani Air Force planes were flying in to Kunduz to evacuate/air lift the Pakistanis at night. Gen. Richard Myers Chairman of the Joint Chief of Staff denied this. He was lying. ICRC and UN officers who were on the ground at Kunduz confirmed the air lift. Taliban and Al Qaeda cadres also escaped in these air lifts. Meanwhile the Taliban retreated from Kandahar into the FATA areas and also into Baluchistan further south and sought shelter in Quetta, where the ISI arranged to shelter their leader Mullah Omar and set up his rear HQs. The majority of the Taliban retreated to North Waziristan and connected to old war lords like Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and the Haqqani family. Mullah Omar began rebuilding the Taliban.
The Lal Masjid Operation
This was a turning point for Pakistan. It spelt the end of Musharraf as the head of the Pakistan Government and sent the country spinning into a maelstrom of fundamentalism from which as we see it today there is very little chance of Pakistan ever recovering.
The Lal Masjid had been founded by Maulana Abdullah, a veteran jihadi who had fought against the Soviets in Afghanistan. The mosque had strong ties with radicals like Mullah Omar, Dr Ayman Al-Zawahiri, Tahir Yuldachev and Osama bin Laden. After Abdullah was assassinated, two of his sons, Maulana Abdul Aziz and Abdul Rasheed Ghazi became Lal Masjid's Prayer Leader and Deputy. The Pakistan Army had intensified operations in the Tribal areas in mid 2003.
The move was unpopular from the beginning. In the Frontier Tribal areas, the people saw the Taliban as an anti-imperial movement. On the advice of Al Qaeda, Maulana Abdul Aziz issued a decree in 2004 that declared the South Waziristan operation of the Pakistan Army as un-Islamic. The decree prohibited the burial of soldiers killed in these operations in Muslim graveyards. Funeral prayers for the soldiers who had died in action against the Muslim militants in South Waziristan were prohibited. The decree was circulated throughout the country and 500 clerics signed it. That was all the spin required to ignite further anti- American feelings in Pakistan. All the combined guns of the militants could not have been so useful in belittling the Pakistan Army as that religious decree. The result was the demoralisation of the Pakistan armed forces.
By 2007, Lal Masjid had become an Al Qaeda powerhouse in the federal capital of Islamabad, directly in the face of the ISI in Islamabad and the Army GHQ in Rawalpindi. Meanwhile the militant's strength kept increasing throughout the country. They expanded their influence from South Waziristan to North Waziristan, and then moved on to Bajaur, Mohmand and Orakzai agencies.
In January 2007, the Pakistan Taliban in South Waziristan, broke its ceasefire with the Pakistan Army and unleashed a series of attacks on their positions. Shortly thereafter, the Lal Masjid students took to the streets against the demolition of some mosques built illegally. Then women students of the Lal Masjid Madrassa illegally occupied a Children's Library nearby and would not vacate unless Sharia law was enforced in the country. Then a Chinese beauty parlour worker was abducted by the students of Jamia Hafsa of the Lal Masjid. In July 2007 the Pakistan Army surrounded the Lal Masjid and forcibly entered it after a siege of a few days. In the ensuing firefight, Abdul Aziz Ghazi was captured when trying to flee in a burqa, while his brother Abdul Rashid Ghazi was killed. A number of students of the Madrassa were killed. Osama bin Laden installed Abu Obaida al Misri as the Imam-e-Khurruj the leader of a revolt against Pakistan. The strategy of Al Qaeda was working as per their plan. The Lal Masjid operation changed the dynamics of the country forever.
Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan
Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) was established by Beitullah Mehsud in South Waziristan in 2007 with Hafiz Gul Bahadur and Maulvi Faqir as his lieutenants. Within a few months of its inception the TTP was able to extend its foothold in South Waziristan and adjacent areas. The tribal areas of FATA steadily fell to the Taliban groups and the Waziristan Shura came into being. In 2007, the agencies of North and South Waziristan became a no go area for the Pakistan security forces. The TTP surrounded and captured 300 soldiers of the Pakistani forces in 2007. By 2008, the TTP had spread to the areas around Peshawar. Mullah Omar now claimed that the TTP would spread to Karachi soon.
Karachi by this time had become a smouldering cauldron. It was initially controlled by the Mohajirs—Indian Muslims from Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan who had migrated to Pakistan after separation of India into India and Pakistan to replace Hindus who had migrated to India. The Mohajirs organised into a political party, the Muttahida Quami Movement (MQM) that generally controlled Karachi. The situation changed with the Russian invasion of Afghanistan when thousands of Pashtuns came as refugees and settled in Sind and carved a niche for themselves in Karachi. Soon turf wars started in Karachi for control of the spoils of the financial capital of Pakistan. It did not take much time before Karachi was awash in arms and pitched battles between the MQM Mohajirs and the Pashtun immigrants became a regular feature in Karachi, with each encounter claiming casualties.
Karachi was once a rocking city—bustling with life energy and hope. A city of dreams that embraced all who entered its fold, starry eyed, full of aspirations to make it big—or simply make it. But now an ominous silence descended on the city.
As people step out of their homes to go about their work, there is the nagging fear that they may return home as bullet ridden corpses. There is the smell of death in the air. Karachi has been turned into a graveyard of sorts by those who preside over its destiny—the PPP, the MQM and the ANP. They are engaged in a shameless turf war to seize control of the country's economic lifeline, strangling it in the process, and caught in the bitter battle are the people of Karachi, from the business houses, who are being forced to cough up millions by extortionists of all political shades, or face abduction or closures, to the poor vegetable vendors, rickshaw drivers, daily wage earners, who are being killed on a daily basis because they belong to one or other ethnic group. In three days of strikes in March 2012, 35 vehicles were torched, 40 innocent people killed. This government in Pakistan is the most impotent government that the country has ever had.
The Al Qaeda targets the North West Frontier Province (NWFP)
The Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP) was renamed Khyber Pakhtunkwa (KP). Its population though it had a sizeable Pashtun element was religion wise moderate Bahrelvi. In Pakistan the Bahrelvi was a moderate group who prayed in mosques but also believed in worshipping at Sufi shrines. The main route of transporting supplies for the NATO and US troops in Afghanistan was from Karachi to Peshawar in Khyber Pakhtunkwa and from there through the Khyber Pass into Afghanistan.
The Al Qaeda wanted to disrupt these supplies and then put in a plan to get the Taliban to dominate this region. A group was created under the leadership of Maulana Sufi Muhammad who had fought against the Russians that was named Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi (TNSM). Maulana Sufi Muhammad's son-in-law Maulana Fazlullah then began to preach through his Radio Fazlullah to threaten the moderate Muslims of Swat to adopt Sharia law. They began enforcing Sharia Law by burning girl's schools and CD shops. A wave of terror swept across the beautiful Swat valley as the TNSM, which translated meant the movement for the enforcement of Islamic laws began operating in the Swat valley. The TNSM is a Wahabi militant group whose objective was to implement a strict version of Islam in the Malakand and Swat province of Khyber Pakhtunkwa region.
This was only the beginning of the real troubles of the beautiful Swat valley. A much more extremist leader had appeared on the scene—Bin Yameen sponsored by the Al Qaeda. His group was called the Tora Bora group comprising local Pashtuns, Uzbeks and Arabs. Bin Yameen's group ambushed Army convoys and brutally slit their throats. They took camera footage of this and forwarded it to TV channels. Waziristan's Qari Hussain Mehsud a former leader of the anti Shiite Lashkar-e-Jhangvi together with Bin Yameen established a reign of terror in the Swat valley. Within weeks, the entire Police network in the valley had collapsed. Pir Samiullah, a Bharelvi spiritual guide and his followers were armed by the Pakistan Army to fight the Al Qaeda group. Before Pir Samiullah could organise his group, his shrine was attacked. Pir Samiullah and dozens of his supporters were killed. Bin Yameen found that the Pir had been buried. He had his body exhumed and hung it up for several days and then looted all the banks. By late 2008 Swat was completely in the hands of the Al Qaeda insurgents.
The Pakistan Government then tried to use Maulvi Sufi Muhammad to bring back Swat under Government control. Al Qaeda however sent Bin Yameen again into the area. He organised the Al Qaeda forces and stormed Buner, only 65 miles from Islamabad in the first week of April 2009. Sufi Muhammad could not be found for some time. When he finally surfaced, he was not alone. He was accompanied by Bin Yameen and eight suicide bombers! Sufi Muhammad then read out a speech given to him by Bin Yameen. "There is no room for democracy in Islam," read out Sufi Muhammad. He then gave a deadline for all judges to withdraw from Malakand Division within four days and set up a Darul Qaza an Islamic appeal court to hear appeals against the Government's Qazi courts. Sufi Muhammad's speech changed everything.
The international media publicised his address and depicted it as Swat's rule by the Taliban. The Pakistan Government now deployed a strike corps in Swat and ruthlessly started a second Swat operation Rah-e-Rast (Operation for the Right path). 2.2 million people of Swat and Malakand division were shifted to camps outside the area. The Strike Corps then used air power and bombed the militant hideouts. Hundreds of militants were killed. The operation continued till end July 2009, when the Al Qaeda militants retreated to the Hindu Kush Mountains and the Afghan provinces of Kunar and Nuristan.
Attacks on the NATO convoys in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Major Haroon retired from the Pakistan Army when he found the turnaround of the Pakistan Army against the Taliban after the US attack on the Taliban. The death of his brother Major Khurram led to his retirement and he soon worked himself into the inner circle of the Al Qaeda. Major Khurram was posted in the elite Special Services Group of the Pakistan Army. Pakistan's policy turnaround on the Taliban after the US invasion of Afghanistan had disillusioned the whole of the middle cadre of the country's armed forces. Both Major Haroon and Major Khurram resigned from the armed forces. Both brothers joined the LeT. Due to their motivation many officers from the Pakistan Army resigned their commissions.
Haroon now found a new comrade in Muhammad Ilyas Kashmiri, who had fought in Kashmir. All of them shifted their location to North Waziristan and settled there, fighting for the Al Qaeda against US forces in Helmand. It was in Helmand that Major Khurram died in an encounter with US forces in 2007. Major Haroon now planned the operations to disrupt the NATO supply line of containers from Karachi to Afghanistan. There followed a series of attacks on the NATO convoys in Karachi and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Curiously there were virtually no human casualties. Convoys were held up and torched. The convoys were being run by civil contractors. The US lost hundreds of crores worth of supplies, POL etc.
The final humiliation for Pakistan was the attack on the Mehran Naval base in Karachi on 22 May 2011 by the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan. There must obviously have been an inside contact, else, the base so heavily guarded could not have been breached. Eighteen military personnel were killed and sixteen injured before the defenders could control the situation. Two P-3C Orion aircraft and one helicopter were damaged. The interesting sequel to this dramatic incident is that one of Pakistan's most daring reporters Syed Salim Shahzad went missing a few days after he had reported on this incident, that there was complicity by security personnel in helping the intruders to penetrate the defences of the base. His body was found a few days later. We have to come to our own conclusions as to who killed Syed Salim Shahzad.
Finally to close this dismal story of Pakistan, we have the gunning down of Salman Taseer, Governor of Punjab, Pakistan by his own bodyguard. The bodyguard confessed that he shot him because the Governor had opposed the blasphemy law of the country. The only silver lining to this brutal story is that the honourable judge before whom, the bodyguard of Salman Taseer was tried courageously sentenced him to death after the trial despite open threats. The final shame for Pakistan was that the judge had to be secretly settled abroad fearing that he would be killed for sentencing the bodyguard of the slain Punjab Governor.


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How can I tell if my 58STA045-08 as been converted from natural gas to propane?Post created: 2012-10-30 Type of Equipment: Furnace Views: 68
This question was created on the page: https://www.furnacecompare.com/furnaces/carrier/base-80.html.
I need to know if my unit has been converted to propane. Does someone have a picture of could tell me what to look for, compared to a natural gas unit?


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Welcome to The Pizza Storm Series!
What do you get when you brainstorm to create a list of your favorite pizza toppings – PLUS – a list of your favorite foods that you'd really like to try on a pizza? (other than a really long list)
I'm talking about a real pizza storm here…..5 pizzas in one evening.
Here is a look at the ingredients used in Pizza #1: Prosciutto Boursin
To start, chopped rosemary was folded into pizza dough for some extra flavor. Once the dough was rolled out, it was brushed with olive oil & garlic in place of sauce.
The Prosciutto Boursin pizza was topped with roasted red peppers, chopped figs, chopped prosciutto, toasted pine nuts and crumbled Boursin.
About 4 minutes before it was done baking, 5 full slices of prosciutto were added so they could crisp up in the oven.
A light arugula salad (olive oil, lemon juice, salt & pepper) topped the slices upon serving. Every bite of this pizza offered a different combination of tastes! The figs added the perfect amount of sweetness against the salty prosciutto and the Boursin/pine nut combo was perfection!
Stay tuned for the next Pizza Storm Series recipe!


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Weegeez (Ryan)
Fan of 10 Teams
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£58.1m » 56th +1
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15 November 1995
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28th August, 2010
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19 year old Male
Football,barcelona,AFA.hanging with friends,movies,video games,other stuff.
Pepe, players similar to Pepe
Just for Fun (Midfielder)
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Weegeez wrote in Liverpool Chat
Tends to happen a lot in the QFs. I think Atletico got Spanish opposition in the QFs like 4 times in a row the last few years
I love Messi guys
2 days ago
Eh looked real soft to me
Gomes coming on seemed so odd. I was hoping someone more attacking like Alcacer.
1 year ago
Currently not that satisfied with Gomes yet. Hopefully he can prove me wrong soon...
I knew Bravo was still a Barca player :P
Crazy how Celta gets underestimated despite us now losing 3 years in a row to them in the first half of the season
Also formats where a 3rd place team makes it out of the group stage is pretty stupid
Wales vs Iceland
I can see any of those 3 making it to the final. I tip it to Croatia, they seem like one of the best teams all tournament
I sorta agree with you Hikmat, but I really dislike seeing 3 teams get out of the group stage. I feel like teams need to be punished harder for not being on the...
I don't think so SIF. Belgium is still on that side and I think they have a fair shot at beating either team
Really just the problem with a 24 team format mixed in with some underperforming teams
Messi the GOAT
Because the current system for qualifying for the KO rounds is really bad and forces two group winners to get harder opponents
Weegeez updated their profile
2 years ago
Weegeez is now friends with WhiteII
3 years ago
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4 years ago
Weegeez nominated Tello (78') for Goal of the Week
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Fan of Manchester United during the first decade of 2000. They are now just as bad as City and Chelsea for abusing transfer budgets. The team now a shadow of its former self. Never ...
AdnanMessi (Arijan Brkic)
I love football!
Barcelona1 (Hussam Farhan)
Real Madrid and Portugal
Well i'm just your normal fun loving guy,that loves girls,football,games,school and animes.
Manchester City and Egypt
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and Argentina
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Hi, I'm Ed and I believe that you, yes YOU, are a cool guy :D Thank you all my friends for making my day. And thanks to all who have spammed me with cool votes :). I really do ...
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I am a die hard fan of Chelsea Fc i love them with all my heart and soul, since i was 8 and my love for them has never stopped and never will.
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Play footy on either wings or a forward. Huge fan of post-hardcore, pop-punk & rock bands.
Influence (Mohammadfayzi) from Tracy, United States
Barcelona and Afghanistan
The longer I love, the more I realize the impact of attitude on life. Attitude, to me, is more important than facts. It is more important than the past, than education, than money, ...
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3 years ago
Hey mate, we took down your comment due to it provokative nature. We expect when you go to a rival forum that you conduct yourself respectfully. These are your words.
"More surprised than when Ronaldo dives and gets a penalty"
This is considered flamebaiting and it was reported by a respected member
"More surprised than when Ronaldo dives and gets a penalty"
This is considered flamebaiting and it was reported by a respected member
3 years ago
(Real Madrid)
5 years ago
We will need all the luck we can get against United, old trafford is tough palce to playu at. Good luck against Milan, looking forward to a cracking game!
(Real Madrid)
5 years ago
Two cools for being the most respectactable Barca fan in hard times as today. Keep your heads high, and show milan La Liga is the league to be in. Cheers!
5 years ago
2 cool votes
Weegeez's dreamfooty team


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Francisco Rodriguez's Four-Out Save Is Not a Big DealMarch 15, 2009
Everyone relax.
Believe me, I know as well as anyone that it can be hard to fill your blog some days.
A four-out save by K-Rod is not a big deal.
Twenty-two pitches.
Twenty-two pitches is not 140 on a rainy cold day in Chicago (for you older Mets fans who love Doc and Leary).
It's 22 pitches against Kingsale, de Caster, and Schoop.
You should be (slightly) more worried about this sentiment from Jose Reyes: "I need BP. I need to get my timing."
They'll all be OK. Like Johan Santana and Mike Pelfrey were. Everyone remain calm.
Root for the Dutch against the USA so we can get more of our guys back to camp.
The Mets Police at www.metspolice.com


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Flipping through dollar bins is a time-honoured tradition, especially at Toronto's own Sonic Boom. We're sifting through the $1 records one-by-one, and learning lessons along the way. The rules for our writer: 1. Listen to the entire record; 2. No research before listening; 3. Rip one song exactly as you heard it, skips and all.
The Keys, Album (1981)
COVER: I picked this because it's your quintessential forgotten dollar bin record - pretty standard '80s lettering and an overall unremarkable design. Or it may have been because each band member looks like a different kind of serial killer. Bashful, Grumpy, Dopey, Dahmer.
WHAT ABOUT THE MUSIC?: Feckless '80s rockabilly horseshit. I couldn't listen to it all. Sorry, rule 1.
WHAT I LEARNED: That four men so close to middle age shouldn't attempt to play what's "hip," especially if it's Stray Cats.
BEST SONG: Uh, how about "a" song?
AFTER GOOGLING: All music-related variations on "The Keys" result in pages for the much better band The Black Keys. I'm not combing through Google for one archived Geocities fan page, so let's all just pretend they never existed.
Rough Trade, Avoid Freud (1980)
COVER: This looks promising. Some long hidden synth act, perhaps?
WHAT ABOUT THE MUSIC?: Roxy Music meets Blondie with the Rocky Horror guy singing.
WHAT I LEARNED: Most rock sounds more interesting with a bit of disco thrown in.
BEST SONG: "Physical Violence," clearly about bondage.
AFTER GOOGLING: Rough Trade were a Canadian act, and were famous for their S&M-themed stage shows, and "High School Confidential," a Top 40 hit about lesbians.
George Thorogood and the Destroyers, Maverick (1985)
COVER: Is that jacket real snakeskin?
WHAT ABOUT THE MUSIC?: Rundown sports bar blues, the kind that's now riddled with facade but is still endearing in a way.
WHAT I LEARNED: Music like this fills me with memories I never imagined would be happy ones.
BEST SONG: "I Drink Alone," which saps all the mystery out of binge drinking like a cool dad Dracula.
AFTER GOOGLING: Uh, so this is the guy who wrote "Bad To The Bone"? And sold fifteen million albums? Maverick went Gold? Whatever, it's not my fault. If these guys stopped selling their music to motor oil commercials, maybe I wouldn't be so cynical.


text:
Ecstasy, the so-called love drug taken by hundreds of thousands each weekend, can result in crippling depression after just a couple of tablets, a study revealed yesterday.
Experts warned that the changes to the brain brought about by the drug leave a legacy of long-term mental health problems, including memory loss and lack of concentration, although many young people still regard it as harmless.
Psychologists have found that even those who gave up taking the drug several years ago scored higher on a depression rating than people who had never taken it.
But for clubbers who are taking large number of tablets regularly, ecstasy actually appears to tip them into clinical depression, according to Dr Lynn Taurah, researcher at London Metropolitan University.
She looked at the habits of 221 young professionals and studied the differences between frequent and less frequent ecstasy users, also comparing them with former users, people who used cannabis and those who took nothing at all.
'What we found is that, whether you have taken it fewer than 20 times or more than 20 times in the past few years, you are still more likely to be depressed than non-users,' said Taurah.
'But for those who over years have taken thousands of tablets, there is a significant chance of serious depression. It's a weird drug.
'At first it gives you a surge of happiness, but after a day or two, and up to three weeks later, the user will have mood swings and feel low. In theory, it shouldn't have a long-lasting effect, but our study showed that even those people who had stopped taking it had higher scores on the depression rating than those who had never taken it.'
Taurah presented a paper yesterday at the British Psychological Society's annual conference in Bournemouth.
At the conference earlier in the week, Dr Fabrizio Schifano, a leading authority on the drug, revealed new data showing how ecstasy was very often being taken in a cocktail with other drugs. Schifano, a consultant psychiatrist at the addiction centre at St George's Hospital Medical School in south London, said: 'What we know from previous studies is that those who take relatively large amounts of tablets have an eight times higher chance of suffering depression than the lower users.'
He revealed at the conference that, out of the 202 ecstasy deaths recorded in England and Wales between 1997 and April 2002, 85 per cent involved mixing ecstasy with other drugs.
He said that it was common for clubbers to start their evening with a mixture of alcohol and ecstasy and that during the second part of the night - usually between 2am and 3am - they would often re-energise themselves with 'uppers' such as cocaine and amphetamines.
Then at the end of the night, as the 'loved-up' feelings begin to fade and be replaced with irritability - usually between 5am and 6am - it was common to take 'downers' such as alcohol and heroin.
'If you take ecstasy, you tend to have a liberal attitude towards drugs and are more likely to have tried a vast array of other drugs, but even when you allow for the impact of the other chemicals, it is clear that ecstasy is linked to depression and other cognitive disturbances.'
He said that most users were completely unaware of the fact that it might also lead to memory loss and difficulties concentrating.
This has been confirmed by brain-imaging techniques showing that ecstasy affects serotonin neurones - nerve impulses fired when the mood-chemical serotonin hits them.
The cells, which run from the brain stem down to the frontal cortex, are 'pruned' by the chemical, removing cells that affect our response to pain and govern mood and cognitive functions.
'We can no longer conclude that ecstasy is going to be safe. This new study confirms the other research showing that even a small amount has an impact,' said Schifano.
'What no one can predict is what it will mean for the future. These clubbers may be 24 or 25, but how will their minds be affected by the time they are 55 or 60?'


text:
NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- The nonfarm payrolls report for the month of February was better than economists had expected. The 175,000 new jobs bested estimates of 149,000, although the unemployment rate did rise to 6.7% from 6.6% in January.
However, according to TheStreet's Jim Cramer, co-manager of the Action Alerts PLUS portfolio, investors should "beware of an unemployment number that is strong" when that is the very reason the stock market was rallying in the first place.
Some investors may be wondering why aren't we higher? Well, said Cramer, although the S&P 500 is roughly flat on Friday, it's higher by nearly 5% in the past month and almost 2% since Monday's close. So the markets were anticipating a better-than-expected employment number.
Cramer suggested that a slight selloff from these levels wouldn't be surprising, and the big growth stocks would be the first to go since those are the go-to names for investors in a sluggish economy. However, in an improving economy, which is generally accompanied by higher rates, the bank stocks are where investors need to look.
"As the yield curve gets some inflection and the 10-year [Treasury yield] trades to 3%, the financials are going to be the place to be," he concluded.
-- Written by Bret Kenwell in Petoskey, Mich.


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|( 13 upvotes )
|The world would be forced to it's knees; listening to the Jonas Bros, having bees sting baby bunnies, and having yo nuggets sawn of w/ electric barbwire if apostrophes never existed!!!!!!!!
|( 31 upvotes )
|( 35 upvotes )
|She's only hot from the vagina up, though.
|Midgets, you know you want to bang one!
|I bet she clubs him in the head on the backswing
|The girl, she is hot.
|( 33 upvotes )
|lol I didn't shit bricks but I was concentrating so hard on the red circle trying to figure it out that when I saw the kid it startled me a bit.
|KRoNiK- wow, thats a change of pace, you calling someone else racist XD.
|Hey Wowzers Fuck you. You racist asshole
|fucking idiots, look on the left, it's a black dude
|Can't believe some of you crackers are scared by negros
|omg that scared me, if you cant see it look to the left middle, left of the white dot
|this is just gay... if there is nothing there... DON'T DRAW A CIRCLE YOU IDIOTS!
|Freaky...fer shizzle
|bravo!!! It did scare me a bit...
|This is from the end of the remake of Texas Chainsaw Massacre
|( 20 upvotes )
|I'd buy if female
|I'd still eat it
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Caserio addresses marathon, then talks draft
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"Before we get started on the football front, just a prayer and a thought to the families of the victims and those directly affected by the events of last week," he said, in reference to the bombing attacks at Boston's iconic road race one week ago today. Read
"I think all of us were impacted indirectly, with some more directly than others. Thoughts and prayers I think are still with everybody as we're recovering, and I think a debt of gratitude is certainly in order for the law enforcement officials of Boston, specifically of Watertown, for their swift efforts of last week in their painstaking efforts to reach a resolution, [which] enabled us to kind of get back to some degree of normalcy. Read
"It's a slow process, I think we're all working through it, but without their efforts, we probably wouldn't even be standing here today having this press conference. Definitely a debt of gratitude and appreciation is in order for them. I think it's been pretty neat to see the city of Boston respond to the events. This is a strong city, it's a hard-nose city, it's a tough city, and the one thing about I think the people of Boston, we're going to fight and we're going to battle and some of the efforts of people last week – the first to respond – were pretty heroic on that front. Sitting down here at Gillette Stadium, you probably can't really understand the true impact that it had on people that were there live, but that speaks to the city of Boston and what we're about." Read
Difficult as it may be, the task of moving on must commence. For Caserio and the Patriots front office, that means focusing on Thursday's start to the 2013 NFL Draft. Read
One reporter in attendance asked, point-blank, for Caserio to identify the top three needs on his "wish list" going into the annual player selection meeting. Not surprisingly, Caserio didn't blink in his response. Read
"Our wish list is to improve our team," he responded immediately, adding that, as they always do, the Patriots will look to choose players they think will be able to help the club win games. Read
"There's a lot of good productive players, both the corners and the safety position," he remarked. "One of the things that is probably unique about that position is you've seen more players who have actually played multiple positions. Some have played safety. Some have played corner. Some have played the nickel position, like the Matt Elam kid [from the University of Florida]. So, there's versatile players in the defensive backfield. They're not necessarily confined to one particular spot, which that probably speaks to the evolution. Read
"You're looking for guys that are versatile, can play multiple spots, and some of those players have played in more passing-oriented divisions and conferences, the SEC with some of the spread offenses and those types of things. I think there's some depth. I think there's some versatility at that position. Read
"The offensive line is a good group," Caserio continued, "and there are a fair amount of receivers in that group as well. I would say every year we talk about the same thing. There are going to be more players at certain positions relative to others. That's just the way it goes. You don't necessarily evaluate the players any differently than you do on a year-to-year basis." Read
Caserio indicated that most of the team's scouting and preparation work has been done at this late stage, but he did not rule out making any last-minute visits to prospects on whom the Patriots might need some outstanding information. It's something they've done in the past, he noted when asked specifically about that subject. Left tackle Nate Solder, for instance, was visited and worked out by o-line coach Dante Scarnecchia the week of the draft two years ago. New England then chose Solder with the 17th overall pick in the first round. Read
This year may be a bit different for the Patriots in terms of acquiring picks, as they head into Thursday with just five selections (one in each of the first three rounds, and two in the seventh). In recent years past, they've had as many as a dozen with which to work and make trades with other teams. Read
"If we end up with five [picks], we'll make five," stated Caserio. If so, he acknowledged that the team must do extra work in locating suitable rookie free agents with whom to stock the team's roster. NFL teams can have as many as 90 players heading into training camp. Read
The first round begins Thursday night at 8, with New England currently slotted to pick in the 29th spot. Read
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July 23-24, 2009: Day 1 at Boston Park Plaza, Day 2 at UMass Boston
The University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) Center for Coastal Environmental Sensing Networks (CESN) hosted the second conference on Coastal Environmental Sensing Networks (CESN '09). This two-day conference was comprised of 3 panel sessions held in conjunction with Coastal Zone '09 (CZ '09), a networking dinner, and presentations, posters, and plenary talks at UMass Boston.
CESN 09 provided a forum to share state-of-the-art technology capabilities and learn about informational needs related to environmental sensing networks. Specific focus was placed on gathering, processing, and utilizing information from environmental sensing networks to better manage the changing coastal environment. The focus of CESN '09 is consistent with the "Revolutionary Times: Catching the Wave of Change" theme of CZ '09 (http://www.csc.noaa.gov/cz/) and as such, Day 1 of CESN '09 took place on Thursday July 23, 2009 at the CZ '09 conference ( held at The Boston Park Plaza Hotel & Towers). At CZ '09, a series of three Panel Sessions on Coastal Environmental Sensing Networks explored sensor network technology, sensor applications, and policy and management-related information and technology needs. On Day 2, Friday, July 24, 2009, sessions on novel sensors, land and ocean networks, cyberinfrastructure solutions, and coastal information needs as well as exhibits and plenaries took place at UMassBoston. The two days were linked by a conference Lobster Bake dinner on Thompson Island in Boston Harbor.