text:
Having problems with your PC Laptops ?
Can not find a way to get to the mother board and to remove the bios battery. Toshiba 1405-S151
Answers :
You need a professional to do the motherboard repair.\012
First turn the laptop over and one by one remove any removeable panels looking for it. Sometimes you get lucky
First turn the laptop over and one by one remove any removeable panels looking for it. Sometimes you get lucky
Repair Help & Product Troubleshooting for PC Laptops
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- If you need clarification, ask it in the comment box .
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Suggested Questions/Answers :
Cant find where the cmos battery goes in my toshiba satellite a45 s151 laptop
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Help me please with this toshiba statillite a105
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Bios password how can remove my bios password
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Chassis intruded asus m3a78-cm
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Toshiba Satellite Laptop Power Failure (A105-S1013 System Unit)
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Toshiba Satellite A15-S127
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Acer t180 bios set up
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I have a Toshiba Tecra A8 and it will not boot up the only thing it does is display a J_. Can any on help? Please
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Password for entring my bios
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Well i still havent found a solution for my ibm lenovo T61 to overpass the password on the boot, there is no solution or this ??
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BIOS Battery Location of Toshiba Sattelite A15-S127
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When i comin in the set up system it askme for a password
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Can not find a way to get to the mother board and to remove the bios battery. Toshiba 1405-S151
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How do you open this laptop? I removed all the
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Its stuck on the hdd and i forgot my hdd password
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Password Hello, can anybody help about dell inspirion 1720. Well the problem is I have a blocked password in my system and I can not go into the bios please can anybody help my about this problem
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Reset bios password
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WCSU ROUNDUP: Western to play for Little East softball title
Published 11:31 pm, Friday, May 3, 2013
MANSFIELD -- The Western Connecticut State University softball team advanced to Saturday's Little East Conference championship game with a 1-0 triumph over Eastern Connecticut on Friday. The Colonials will face either Eastern Connecticut or Rhode Island College in the title game, which will be at Eastern Connecticut at noon.
Western scored the lone run of the game in the first inning. Sophomore third baseman Nina Wojtkiewicz singled to lead off the game and moved to second on an error. She was sacrificed to third by Michaela Roche then scored on a wild pitch from Eastern's Erin Miller. Wojtkiewicz was the only player to register more than one hit, going 2-for-4.
Western freshman right-hander Allie Sabith threw 90 pitches, striking out four and scattering five hits, all singles. The only Eastern runner to advance past second base was Megan Godwin, who was caught in the pickle to end the game.
The Colonials (22-21) are over .500 for the first time this season after opening the campaign 0-11. Western last won the LEC title in 2004. Eastern is the three-time defending champion, and before that Rhode Island College had won four straight titles from 2006-09.
Western claimed the sixth seed in the upcoming LEC tournament and will play at top-seeded Southern Maine on Wednesday at 9 a.m. in the first round.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Established in 1998 Securiflex Ltd is now an UNITED KINGDOM frontrunner into the importation and circulation of professional communication cables. With more than 15 years of extremely effective trading and growth we have been now ranked as one of the leading suppliers of our SFX selection of cabling services and products across britain, Ireland and European countries covering a huge array of industries and procedures.
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text:
Dataset: NO2_NO3
Data Citation:
Johnson, Zackary (2014) Nitrite (NO2) and Nitrate (NO3) concentrations from Thomas G. Thompson and R/V Kilo Moana cruises TN277, KM1301, KM1312 in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean from 2012-2013 (POWOW project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Dataset version 2014-07-10 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/3755 [access date]
Terms of Use
All data sets are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4). Per the CC BY 4 license it is understood that any use of the data set will properly acknowledge the individual(s) listed above using the suggested data citation. If you wish to use this data set, it is highly recommended that you contact the original principal investigator(s) (PI). Should the relevant PI be unavailable, please contact BCO-DMO (firstname.lastname@example.com) for additional guidance. For general guidance please see the BCO-DMO Terms of Use document.
Need a DOI? Email us about this dataset.
Need a DOI? Email us about this dataset.
Principal Investigator:
Dr Zackary I. Johnson (Duke University)
BCO-DMO Data Manager:
Shannon Rauch (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)
Version Date:
Current State:
Final no updates expected


text:
The Virtual Vintage 1954 Pro pickup uses the same ground breaking technology as the Area 58 and Area 61 pickups. The 54 Pro replaces the Virtual Vintage 54 and Virtual 2 middle pickups. It has a warm, smoky sound, fattens up when you pick hard, and has a special grade of Alnico 2 magnet to reduce string pull. And like all of the Virtual Vintage models, it's dead quiet.
The DP408 pickup is recommended for all positions.
Tech Talk: The major difference between the 54 Pro and the Area 61 is in pick attack.
The 54 Pro has a fatter, woody tone, and the sound almost seems to compress when picked hard. Blues players favor this type of sound for the way it fattens up solos, particularly in the bridge position. The DP408 pickup is also good in the neck and middle positions to warm up bright-sounding guitars.
* Assorted color options, visit www.dimarzio.com.
* Please specify color at checkout.


text:
|Select the Course Number to get further detail on the course. Select the desired Schedule Type to find available classes for the course.
|EDUC 1111 - Education in the Community
Considers the unique contributions of community, family, and public schools to education in the United States today. Uses classroom and field-based activities to provide historical and social contexts of public education. Encourages students to reflect on their own prior education, to learn from persons active in the education community, and to consider their future roles as educators. Coreq. EDUC 1112.
4.000 Credit hours
4.000 Lecture hours
Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture
Education Department
Course Attributes:
CAS Core MOI: Social World, NU Core Social Science Lvl 1, Education


text:
Skip to comments.Mine Owner Blames Obama Administration for Layoffs (54 Fired Last Night)
Posted on 11/08/2012 10:51:22 PM PST by My Favorite Headache
GALATIA -- A local coal mine is cutting jobs and blaming it on politics. American Coal in Galatia laid off 54 miners on Wednesday, saying President Barack Obama's re-election is bad news for the coal industry.
Layoffs are never easy for those losing their jobs, but for a region already economically depressed, the loss of 54 jobs cuts deeply. The sting is made all the more worse knowing the move could be politically motivated.
"There is no question that the United States coal industry is being destroyed by the actions of Barack H. Obama," said Bob Murray, CEO of Murray Energy, during the Old King Coal Festival in September.
Murray authorized the pink slips at American Coal, a subsidiary company, just hours after the re-election of President Obama. In a news release, Murray Energy blamed the Obama Administration's "War on Coal", stating the layoffs were more severe in anticipation that the coal industry will get worse in the next four years.
Other coal companies have a positive outlook on the industry. Just two weeks ago, Peabody Energy in St. Louis released its third quarter earnings report. The company expects record global coal imports, increasing coal generation, and improving U.S. coal consumption from higher natural gas prices.
Whether the reasons behind the layoffs at American Coal are political or not, it's the residents that suffer the most, especially after several other large layoffs in the area. Murray says this could just be the beginning of its layoffs if the coal industry continues what the company calls a downward spiral.
American Coal has a history of laying off and rehiring workers at the Galatia mine. During December 2005 and January 2006, more than 400 miners were let go. A year later, the company was hiring. In February 2007, an American Coal spokesman told News 3 the mine had rehired 300 employees and planned to add another 250 jobs by the end of that year.
By May 2008, the company was again laying off employees, with 190 job cuts at its New Future mine. Another 37 American Coal employees were let go in July 2009.
No problem. "The rich" will pick up the tab for all of the extra food stamps Barry the Kenyan is going to need.
So it begins.
Business has no faith in Obama and his policies.
Money has no faith in Obama and his policies. Already one credit agency has downgraded America to AA+. When Obama first took office America was AAAA..
If you voted for Obam and you lose your job in the next 2 years it would be wise to keep your mouth shut....
If these layoffs are all being announced today, I wonder what the stock market will do tomorrow.
MFH keep up the great work.
If you have a ping list pls add me to it.
Keep up the pressure. its noticed by the revenge party.
HOORAY American Mine! Prepare. Persevere.
"Business has no faith in Obama and his policies."
Ironic because the atheists have faith in Obama.
No coal jobs = no coal miners.
No coal miners = no coal miners unions.
Those unions really shot themselves in the foot when they supported obama back in 2008. Now that gunshot wound has turned fatal.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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In Home Concrete & Supply LLC v. United States, Supreme Court Docket No. 11-139 (April 25, 2012), the U.S. Supreme Court stepped in to resolve a hotly contested dispute as to whether an overstatement of basis in property resulting in an understatement of gain received from its sale would be sufficient to extend the normal 3-year statute of limitations set forth in 26 U. S. C. §6501(a) to a 6-year statute of limitations set forth in 26 U. S. C. §6501(e). Following Colony, Inc. v. Commissioner, 357 U. S. 28 (1958), the Home Concrete Supreme Court held that 26 U. S. C. §6501(e) does not apply to an overstatement of basis and, hence, the 6-year period does not apply.
As applicable, 26 U. S. C. §6501(a) provides that "the amount of any tax imposed . . . shall be assessed within 3 years after the return was filed (whether or not such return was filed on or after the date prescribed) . . ." For purposes of the statute of limitations, returns filed before their due date are deemed filed on their due date. See 26 U. S. C. §6501(b). The 3-year assessment period can be extended in certain situations, including a situation where a taxpayer "omits from gross income an amount properly includible therein and-- (i) such amount is in excess of 25 percent of the amount of gross income stated in the return." See 26 U. S. C. §6501(e)(1). In Home Concrete, the understatement attributable to the overstated basis exceeded the stated 25% threshold set forth in 26 U. S. C. §6501(e)(1). An overstatement of basis can diminish the "amount" of the gain just as leaving the item entirely off the return might do. Either way, the error wrongly understates the taxpayer's income.
In Colony, the Supreme Court interpreted a provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 containing language materially indistinguishable from the language in 26 U. S. C. §6501(e)(1), holding that taxpayer misstatements that overstate the basis in property do not fall within the scope of 26 U. S. C. §6501(e)(1) extending the 3-year period of limitations to a 6-year limitations period.[i] The Colony Court recognized that such an overstatement wrongly understates a taxpayer's income, but concluded that the phrase "omits . . . an amount" limited the statute's scope to situations in which specific receipts are left out of the computation of gross income. The Colony Court also noted that while the statute's language was not "unambiguous," id, at 33, the statutory history showed that Congress intended to restrict the extended limitations period to situations that did not include overstatements of basis.
In Home Concrete, the Supreme Court relied upon Colony in concluding that the operative language of the 1939 provision and the current version of 26 U. S. C. §6501(e)(1) at issue is identical. "It would be difficult, perhaps impossible, to give the same language here a different interpretation without effectively overruling Colony, a course of action that basic principles of stare decisis wisely counsel us not to take."
The Government asserted that Treasury Regulation §301.6501(e)–1, which was promulgated in final form in December 2010 should be granted deference under Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., 467 U. S. 837 in departing from Colony and interpreting the operative language of 26 U. S. C. §6501(e)(1) in the Government's favor. See also Mayo Foundation for Medical Ed. and Research v. United States, 562 U. S. ___ (2011) (applying Chevron in the tax context). The regulation provides that "an understated amount of gross income resulting from an overstatement of unrecovered cost or other basis constitutes an omission from gross income." See 26 CFR §301.6501(e)–1(a)(1)(iii) (2011).
However, in Home Concrete, the Supreme Court noted that Colony has already interpreted the statute and there is no longer any different construction that is consistent with Colony and available for adoption by the government. An agency construction otherwise entitled to Chevron deference only if the prior court decision holds that its construction follows from the unambiguous terms of the statute . . . ." National Cable & Telecommunications Assn. v. Brand X Internet Services, 545 U. S. 967, 982 (2005). As such, the question presented was whether the Government's construction set forth in the Treasury Regulation is a "permissible construction of the statute."
Although "it is for agencies, not courts, to fill statutory gaps," the fact that a statute is unambiguous means that there is "no gap for the agency to fill" and thus "no room for agency discretion." Chevron and later cases find in unambiguous language a clear sign that Congress did not delegate gap-filling authority to an agency; and they find in ambiguous language at least a presumptive indication that Congress did delegate that gap-filling authority. "If a court, employing traditional tools of statutory construction, ascertains that Congress had an intention on the precise question at issue, that intention is the law and must be given effect." Chevron, 467 U. S., at 843, n. 9.
It may be that judges today would use other methods to determine whether Congress left a gap to fill. But that is beside the point. The question is whether the Supreme Court in Colony concluded that the statute left such a gap. And, in the view of the court in Home Concrete, the Colony opinion (written by Justice Harlan for the Court) makes clear that it did not. Given principles of stare decisis, the Supreme Court must follow that interpretation. And there being no gap to fill, the Government's gap-filling regulation [26 CFR §301.6501(e)–1(a)(1)(iii)] cannot change Colony's interpretation of the statute. In Home Concrete, the Supreme Court agreed with the taxpayer that overstatements of basis, and the resulting understatement of gross income, do not trigger the extended limitations period of 26 U. S. C. §6501(e)(1). The same conclusion was reached by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals[ii] and its judgment was affirmed by the Supreme Court.
The Home Concrete opinion available at: http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/11pdf/11-139.pdf


text:
Hear their story from Nikita and Tasha's current caregiver
"It is the most important thing we have ever done in our lives, the biggest decision I personally have ever made to move Tasha and Nikita to an accredited sanctuary. We are blessed that they will have a forever home at The Wildcat Sanctuary.
Please share this story:


text:
AT&T has announced that customers in the Bryan-College Station will be the next service area in Texas to get lit up with its 4G LTE network.
A date has not yet been released, but a spokesperson with AT&T said the roll out will be complete no later than early summer.
AT&T has the nation's largest 4G network. It covers nearly 250 million people, including the San Antonio, Austin, Dallas-Fort Worth and Houston areas.


text:
Southampton's Jason Puncheon show Gary Lineker for to hit the target
FOOTBALL chant of the day: when Southampton's Jason Puncheon left the pitch during his side's Premier League match with Everton, the home crowd at St Mary's knew why:
It could have been worse. He could have done a Gary Lineker, and defecated on the pitch.
Posted: 23rd, January 2013 | In: Sports Comment | Follow the Comments on our RSS feed: RSS 2.0 | TrackBack | Permalink


text:
|TuxScreen on SourceForge
|TuxScreen CVS
|search the Wiki
|Browsing -> Wiki -> Users -> [DerekMulcahy]
|edit, info, topics, orphans, hubs and nodes, or recent changes in the Wiki
|create a new user or login
Derek Mulcahy can be contacted as firstname.lastname@example.com or SpaceCoaster on IRC
15th November
Back to application land. Compiled QTE-3.0.0, having decided that Java is a not ready for prime time on the ARM. Made a simple change to QPE to support the touchscreen, available if anyone wants it. Tomorrow I will begin to learn QT and write my phone app for delivery at Xmas.
12th November
Serial flash driver works, tracked down the data corruption, I neglected to wait for the fifo to write all the bytes down to the flash. Next step checking it with JFFS2. Not much progress on 40M patch, running into weird problems with linux when trying to load kernel at 2M chunk at 0xC0300000.
1st November
Woohoo, 32M working at 0xd0000000. Just needed to track down all the dependencies. Much easier with DaveAnders and Russ's advice about using printascii() for printing early in the boot sequence. Preparing patches for later today. Bootloader memory setup is still required.
31th October
More progress of sorts on 32M memory issue,decided to load kernel at 0xd0000000 as this address is valid in 16M and 40M memory configs (sorry 8M). Problem is it hangs. Advised by Russ and DaveAnders to use printascii() to debug. Unfortunately this had been changed to use UART1 for output. As this is our IR keyboard it was not useful for debug. Hmmm, all hair pulled out (photos to prove it) but progress is now being made. Happy Halloween.
26th October
Posted a provisional patch for the serial flash MTD driver today. It supports reading and writing using polled io and delays. I'm running into problems when trying to write a JFFS2 filesystem to it but that is almost certainly due to having missed something obvious. This thing currently shares 50% of the code with the DSP driver and hence, for the moment, lives inside of wheaties.c.
25th October
Progress, of sorts, with the 32M SODIMM issue, altering the MDCNFG register on the SA-1100 to use 12x10 and 12x8 row/col setup causes the memory to be recognised. Bad news is that under this configuration the onboard memory is fragmented into 8 x 1M pages, which are mapped on 4M boundaries. Linux needs contiguous memory so we are royally hosed. Avenues of investigation include hacking blob to remap the memory, loading the kernel at a different address or trying to tweak the memory control registers to do the right thing.
24th October
Another woohoo. Reading from the serial flash. 2048x264byte pages of non-volatile storage accessed across a 1 bit interface, that's a cool 4,325,376 bits in all it's bit twiddling glory. The interface to the serial flash uses the SSP bus on the SA-1100, which has fifos so it's not so shabby at all.
20th October
Reimplemented wheaties driver using interrupts, pretty lean mean driver.Driver has a spinlock around most of it's vital parts. Needs to be tinkered with. All of the most bogus delays have been removed. Shipped it out to a select team of gurus who are doing untold crazy things to it already.
18th October
A big day, after three days steady hacking on the DSP have managed to send commands and receive responses. Promised to complete a device driver by tomorrow. The SPI interface is pretty gross so no complaining about the awful driver code and the ludicrous loops and udelay() calls.
14th October
Xfbdev from the familiar distribution works great. One funny quirk starting X from /etc/inittab fails to initialise the color map IF the tty field in the inittab is not set to null, weird.
I have a patch for the kernel to allow X to power down the backlight (which works fine now) and a standalone touchscreen calibration program if anyone should need them.
13th October
the touchscreen works! We were on the right track, just needed to reset the UCB1200. Information was gleaned from shannon.h. If that is the only serious TuxScreen specific documentation then it's amazing what has been done so far. Not sure that the backlight code is working though, doesn't seem to alter things, but it doesn't hang.
Writing a little app to flip the coords and calibrate the touchscreen, it is to be called tuxctl.
7th October 2001
Progress, of sorts, on TouchScreen/Backlight problems. On my TuxScreen the backlight hangs in ucb1200_sa1100.c:sa1100_mcp_read_codec(). It hangs because the read request is never completing. Completion is indicated by the MCSR_CRC bit being set in the Ser4MCSR register on the ARM. This doesn't happen. The code is
Ser4MCDR2 = ((addr & 0xf) << FShft(MCDR2_ADD)) | MCDR2_Rd; while (!(Ser4MCSR & MCSR_CRC)); // LOOPS FOREVER return Ser4MCDR2 & 0xffff;
Funnily enough the code in sa1100_mcp_write_codec() is very similar and this executes fine. It confirms transfer completion using the MCSR_CWC bit and this sets and resets. No amount of proding will get the damn MSCR_CRC bit (0x2000) to set.
A possible indicator of what the problem could be the state of Ser4MCSR when the read_codec() routine is entered, this indicates that a write is pending (0x1505 for Ser4MCSR, 0x1000 == MCSR_CWC).
I have a feeling that this is also the cause of the TouchScreen issue as the TouchScreen interface goes via the UCB1200 chip and if we can't read it...
Discussion needed!
4th October 2001
Feeble attempt to track down the TouchScreen not working. Added debug to ucb2100_ts.c, inserted handler on all 16 UCB1200_IRQ(x) interrupts. Nothing happens when screen is touched whilst running tuxcal.
1st October 2001
Downloaded familiar from handhelds.org and ran Tcl/Tk mounted over NFS and displaying on my workstation. It worked, not fast as this is via PPP. Would be more interesting if Tk had a native port without needing X.
28th September 2001
Having fun building stuff to put on the TuxScreen. Compiled pppd and am using it via the serial port until my network card arrives. Soldered together a JTAG clone from parts bought from Radio Shack. Happy to assist if someone else wants to do the same.
Software I compiled and running on TuxScreen
Most required just minor tweaks.
|Content of these pages are owned and copyrighted by the poster.


text:
chant it down radio
About This Show
Show Info: Where we disect the life we live get to the root causes of the usurping of consciousness, human autonomy, and the overall taking of the natural state of humans. This show looks into how the global elite runs the planet and we 'chant down' the system they've created. Various guests, callers , consciousness, insight, live lyricism and solutions.


text:
Dalyn Williams ran for a 17-yard touchdown in the third quarter that gave Dartmouth the lead for good in a 28-24 victory over Princeton in a snow storm on Saturday.
Dartmouth (6-4, 5-2 Ivy League) was eliminated from the title chase last weekend, but the Big Green still had an impact on the conference crown. Their victory forced Princeton (8-2, 6-1) to share the Ivy League Championship with Harvard — who beat Yale 34-7 earlier today.
Dominick Pierre ran 28 times for 112 yards and a touchdown for Dartmouth. Williams was only 4 of 15 for 92 yards but he connected with Bo Patterson for a 56-yard touchdown in the first quarter. Williams also ran for 57 yards and two touchdowns.
Princeton trailed 21-0 before answering with a 21-point rally to tie the game. Nolan Bieck's 23-yard field goal with 6:36 left in the game cut the score to 28-24.


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It finally happened this past weekend: Bandit fell into my dad's pond.
After nearly three months of having our dog, we still don't know how he feels about the water. In two previous visits to my parents' house in western Massachusetts, he'd shown great interest in my father's koi, going so far as to dip a paw in the water, but never jumping in. Whether it was because he was afraid, or because we shooed him away, we don't know.
But on the Fourth of July, while staring intently at the fish, one of the stones he was standing on wobbled loose and plopped into the water. Bandit followed suit. I ran outside and found him treading water and taking an occasional snap at a passing fish. The pond's about three feet deep, so I'm not sure whether he was actually swimming, although he did look like he was paddling. He didn't seem to be enjoying himself, but he wasn't panicking.
We'd like to find out whether he can actually swim and how he feels in deeper water. We're not even sure if Round Lake is OK for a dip, and the deepest the creek in the village seems to get is about chest-high for Bandit.
Does your dog like the water? Where do you go for a canine swim in the Capital Region?
And if you're lucky enough to have a pool, the Humane Society of the United States has some tips for you:
- Don't leave your pets unsupervised in a yard with a pool.
- When building a pool, design lounge ledges along the sides. These are usually just below the water's surface and allow animals shallow areas from which to drink and an easy escape route from the water.
- Install a fence around the pool to keep out animals such as dogs.
- Install one or more water-exit devices such as the Skamper-Ramp or Frog Log. Both are buoyant devices that are placed in the water along the pool's edge and allow animals to get out on their own. Because of their white color they are highly visible to animals.
- Disperse knotted nylon ropes at strategic locations along the sides. Make sure the knot is at the water's surface so the animal can more easily climb out. (This technique only works for climbing animals such as raccoons, mice and squirrels).


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Chapter Six
We have now arrived at one of the most sensitive topics in our discussion
of homosexuality in Nazi Germany. As we have noted, revisionists have attempted
to define homosexuals as a class of people who were targeted for extermination
by the Nazis. One homosexual group went so far as to stage a high-profile
pilgrimage to the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem in May of
1994. They were met by a delegation of Jewish Holocaust survivors who were
so overcome with outrage that some of them had to be restrained from physically
assaulting the contingent of (mostly American) political activists. One
man cried, My grandfather was killed for refusing to have sexual relations
with the camp commandant. You are desecrating this place... (The Jerusalem
Post, May 30, 1994).
Yet, as we have noted, some homosexuals did in fact die in Nazi concentration camps. We do not diminish the tragedy of any life lost under the Nazi reign of terror; however, we must reject the implication that homosexuals as a class should be given moral equivalency to the Jewish people and other victims of genocide. There are five reasons why we must reject this claim of the revisionists.
First, we know that regardless of Himmlers anti-homosexual rhetoric, homosexuals as a class were never targeted for extermination, as their continued role in the Third Reich demonstrates.
Second, those homosexuals who died did so primarily as the result of mistreatment and disease in slave-labor camps -- not in the gas chambers. As reported in the Washington Blade
230 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
John Fout, professor of history...said his research shows that about 50,000 men were imprisoned for homosexual related offenses by the Nazis between 1933 and 1945. Most of them, he said, were imprisoned for relatively short sentences and in regular German prisons, not concentration camps as has been generally believed (Researcher says Nazi persecution not systematic, The Washington Blade, May 22, 1998).
Third, though we cannot condone the form of punishment meted out by the
Nazis, homosexual sodomy was a legitimate crime of long-standing for which
individuals were being jailed both before and after the Nazi Regime (and
in this country during the same time period). Indeed, Fout acknowledges
that rather than being arrested indiscriminately simply for being a homosexual,
the overwhelming majority of those arrested...were charged with engaging
in sex in public places, such as parks and public restrooms (ibid). This
is in contrast to the internment of Jewish people, whose ethnicity is morally
(and in pre-Nazi Germany, legally) neutral.
Fourth, the actual number of homosexuals in the camps was a tiny fraction of both the estimated number of homosexuals in Germany and the estimate of the camp population. The camp homosexual population, estimated at 5,000-15,000 by Fout and by Joan Ringelheim of the US Holocaust museum (Rose:40), contained an undetermined percentage of non-homosexuals falsely labeled as homosexuals (see section titled Anti-homosexual Policies above). Homosexuals who died were a small fraction of less than 1 percent of homosexuals in Nazi-occupied Europe (S. Katz:146), compared to more than 85 percent of European Jewry. To be more specific, Buchenwald was the camp with the highest number of supposed homosexual prisoners. According to Grau, its annual population count of pink triangles peaked at just 189 in 1944, with fewer than 100 such prisoners in the years prior to 1942. The figures were small in comparison with the total number of prisoners there -- well below one percent in every year (Grau:264).
Fifth and last, many of the guards and administrators responsible for the infamous concentration camp atrocities were homosexuals themselves, which negates the idea that homosexuals in general were being persecuted and interned.
The Nazi system of concentration camps began with Dachau in 1933, but by the fall of the Third Reich the number of sites which had held prisoners in German occupied territory surpassed 10,000 (Parshall:57). It is not generally known that only six of these camps were the notorious death camps. In his introduction to Jean-Francios Steiners Treblinka, Terrence des Pres addresses this distinction:
232 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
The first Nazi camps, which were set up soon after Hitler came to power in 1933, were designed as places of detention and as training grounds for the SS. Dachau and Buchenwald were among the most notorious, and although we cannot forget that thousands of people perished in these places, we should keep in mind that camps of this kind were not intended or equipped to be instruments of genocide...however, as the Nazi policy of extermination took shape with the Jews as primary target, the major killing centers, as they came to be called, began to operate...The great killing centers were six: Auschwitz-Birkenau, Sobidor, Chelmno, Belzec, Maidenek, and Treblinka (Steiner:x-xi).
We make this point simply to show that the internment of homosexuals in
the concentration camps was not equivalent to that of Jews and other racial
groups who were, under Nazi policy, targeted for extermination. As terrible
as life could be in the work camps, it offered better chances than being
herded into gas chambers or shot in front of mass graves.
An additional point that deserves mention here is that the uniform pattern of brutality for which the camps are known was established as a deliberate and calculated policy by the SA under Ernst Roehm in 1933. Heiden writes that [t]he S.A. had learned...that the will of an imprisoned mass must be broken by the most loathsome cruelty (Heiden, 1944:565). He later adds that [f]rightening reports also trickled through from the concentration camps, and the public began to realize that the Fuehrers picked troops had organized artificial hells in Dachau...Roehm admitted publicly that these things seemed unbearable to many people, but said he saw no reason for stopping them (ibid.:732f). Though Roehm was soon killed, his system of mass torture and degradation endured.
The Guards and Kapos
There is one aspect of life in the concentration camps that is seldom noted
by historians, yet is profoundly significant in this discussion. That aspect
is the unique status of homosexuals in the camps. For while any prisoner
could be chosen as a Kapo (a slave overseer), none other of the interned
groups except homosexuals had counterparts among the Nazi guards and administrators
(for example, there were no Jewish guards or administrators). Stephan
Ross, founder of the New England Holocaust Museum, estimates that about
20 percent of those guarding Jewish prisoners were homosexuals. Ross
was himself interned for five years in Nazi camps as a child and was repeatedly
sexually abused by the guards. [T]hey would beat you and make you do
that [perform oral sex] he said. To this day I am very angry about it
(Holocaust Survivor: Molested by Guards, The Massachusetts News, April
5, 2000).
Examples of the homosexuality of the concentration camp guards can be found in many of the personal accounts of Holocaust survivors. Elie Wiesel, sent to the Buna factory camp in the Auschwitz complex, for example, acknowledges this in his book Night:
234 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
The head of our tent was a German. An assassins face, fleshy lips, hands like wolfs paws. He was so fat he could hardly move. Like the leader of the camp he loved children...(Actually this was not a disinterested affection: there was a considerable traffic in young children among homosexuals here, I learned later) (Wiesel:59).
In Treblinka, the narrative account of the Treblinka uprising, Steiner records the story of another Nazi administrator, taken from interviews with survivors:
Max Bielas had a harem of little Jewish boys. He liked them young, no older than seventeen. He had a kind of parody of the shepherds of Arcadia, their role was to take care of the camp flock of geese. They were dressed like little princes...Bielas had a little barracks built for them that looked like a dolls house...Bielas sought in Treblinka only the satisfaction of his homosexual instincts (Steiner:117f).
Walter Poller, a German political prisoner who was interned in the Buchenwald concentration camp, also noted the homosexuality of certain guards. In Medical Block Buchenwald Poller describes the camp practice of mass beatings, and reports on the perverse pleasure these guards derived from the torment of the prisoners:
If the camp doctor happened to pass by after a mass whipping, and knew that a certain type of homosexual ScharFuehrer [platoon leader] and SS officer stood at a certain gate, he arranged a little special entertainment for them, which he called a medical examination (Poller:103).
Poller leaves the details of these medical examinations to our imagination. But this brief glimpse into the ranks of the SS guards reveals much about the camps. Pollers distinction between types of homosexual SS officers, for example, implies that there were more than a few such guards. Furthermore, their homosexuality was a matter of public knowledge. Both of these inferences are supported in another passage which tells of the retaliation against the Jewish prisoners following the attempted assassination of Hitler in July, 1944:
Two Scharfuehrer came along the empty camp roads at about nine oclock. One of them was...an Oberscharfuehrer [commander of platoon leaders] known to the prisoners by the nick-name of Anna, because of his undisguised homosexuality. They entered one of the Jewish barracks, and there indiscriminately chose five Jews and brought them outside. From a second barracks they brought out eight more. From a third they selected another seven...the twenty Jews were ...[marched] off under Annas orders...Some time later we heard a burst of firing from the direction of the stone quarry. It was now clear that the earthly existence of our...Jewish comrades had ended (ibid.:136f).
236 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
Plant, though a revisionist, admits that a few SS guards were homosexual and that they made some younger inmates, usually Poles or Russians, their dolly boys (Pielpel) (Plant:166). These homosexual antics were not carried out in secret. Plant writes that such guards would occasionally compete with Kapos for these teenagers. They even drew lots to determine who should go to whom (ibid.:166). Primo Levi, in Survival in Auschwitz notes that young attractive homosexuals had a much higher survival rate than average prisoners (Levi:81). Younger children were not spared from abuse, but in fact many suffered more harshly. Dr. Judith Reisman writes that Nazi industrialist Alfried Krupp maintained a childrens concentration campcalled Buchmannshof where very young children were used in sexual experiments.
Infants and children under six years of age were torn from their Krupp enslaved mothers and interned in Buchmannshof for their brief lives. Buchmannshof children died at the rate of some 50 per day for years, newly born or taken from parents brought to the Krupp slave camps. Krupps older slave children were called slave youth and little is known about their lives (Reisman, Kinsey: Crimes and Consequences:311).
Reisman believes that the Krupp camp was one source of the appalling child
orgasm statistics cited in Table 34 of the 1948 Kinsey report (ibid.).
Krupp, an exceedingly ruthless and cruel man, was tried and convicted
at Nuremberg, but not for his involvement with Buchmannhof. The existence
of the camp was never mentioned in the Krupp indictment (Manchester:537).
(Significantly, Alfried was the grandson of Fritz Krupp, the notorious
pederast who committed suicide when his sexual abuse of boys became public
knowledge in Germany. The Krupp scandal exposed a powerful and corrupt
homosexual clique in the government and led to high-profile courtroom trials
between 1907 and 1912. For more on this chapter of German history see Lively,
Germanys National Vice Revisited, in The Poisoned Stream, 1997).
Although homosexuals constituted one of the smallest numerical minorities in the camps (Plant:153), they apparently were appointed in disproportionally large numbers as Kapos (roughly the equivalent of trusties in our penal system). Psychoanalyst and medical doctor Edmund Bergler writes that [i]t is...well known that the capos in Hitlers concentration and extermination camps were only too frequently recruited from the ranks of homosexual criminals...I had firsthand information on this point from a patient who had spent six years in the infamous camp at Dachau (Bergler:279). Jan D. (who wishes to remain anonymous), in Auschwitz and Gross Rosen from 1940-1945, comments on the role of these prisoners: The most cruelty inflicted on the Concentration Camps prisoners was done by the Capos (work detail supervisors), mostly German criminals and homosexuals (Private letter).
In Hidden Holocaust?, Gunter Grau includes a report from the Buchenwald archives. It reads,
The kapo, Herzog, was a former member of the foreign legion, extremely brutal, apparently homosexual-sadistic and with a frightening tendency to become frenzied; if someone was beaten by him it was all over (Grau:268).
238 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
These testimonies are supported by Raul Hilberg, author of The Destruction
of the European Jews and a member of the (U.S.) Presidents Commission
on the Holocaust. Rector cites a December 10, 1979 Village Voice article
in which Hilberg said that homosexuals were highly valued prisoners [relative
to the Jews], and that many kapos inmates who administered the barracks
and dispensed instant discipline (beatings and killings were common) were
gay (Rector:139).
There seems to have been a great dichotomy between the experiences of homosexuals in the camps. While on the one hand, Plant claims that homosexuals were treated more harshly than the members of other groups, citing Kogons Dachau memoir, The Theory and Practice of Hell, other researchers refute this. Shelly Roberts, one of the Shoah Foundations researchers posted the following comment on the World Wide Web, March 6, 1997.
I am one of the privileged who is interviewing holocaust survivors for
the Spielberg video history project....I have encountered at least half
a dozen survivors who offer fragments and indications and scraps of information
that some German lesbians and international homosexual men were in fact
treated better (a really relative term here) than the average Jewish prisoner....This
is separate to any Nazi officer who collected young boys to keep in his
private collection (read harum [sic]). These boys were not given any options.
If the information I am hearing from these nice Jewish survivors, who dont appear to have any axes to grind, is true, than [sic] it WOULD seem that (some?most?all?) homosexuals...may have been given some kind of favored status.
Roberts, interestingly, is no fan of The Pink Swastika, which she (or he)
characterizes as a spite-filled revisionist document on the net that purports
to be a reality-based treatise on privileged gays (ibid).
In any case, there are conflicting claims about the status of homosexuals relative to other prisoners in the camps. To some extent this may simply reflect the differences between camps and the philosophies of their administrators. But the enduring Butch/Fem conflict clearly had a substantial bearing on the treatment of homosexuals.
Plant writes of one survivor who reported that the guards lashed out with special fury against those who showed effeminate traits (Plant:172). And Rector records a statement from an interview with a former Pink Triangle named Wolf (a pseudonym) in which the issue of effeminacy was raised. The ones who were soft, shall I say, were the ones who suffered terribly (Rector:157).
Rudolf Hoess, the infamous commandant of Auschwitz, defined genuine homosexuals... [by their] soft and girlish affectations and fastidiousness, their sickly sweet manner of speech, and their altogether too affectionate deportment toward their fellows (Hoess in ibid.:137f). These genuine homosexuals were considered incorrigible and held in special barracks, while many non-effeminate homosexuals were released (ibid.:137). It is probable that Hoess was homosexual. He had been a member of Gerhard Rossbachs homosexual Freikorps and a close friend of Edmund Heines (Snyder:301), the procurer of boys for Roehms pederastic orgies.
Wolfs testimony about the homosexual behavior of the SS guards also reveals the sadistic characteristic of the Butches. In the cell next to mine was a young male prostitute from Steglitz who the SS forced into [sexual acts] (Rector:156). He also described a game the SS played each evening. There were holes in the walls and they would reach through the holes and play with the genitals of the men sleeping close to the holes. Then they would say that they had caught them jacking off, and they would beat them (ibid.:156). During his imprisonment, Wolf was also forced to witness an execution of six political escapees who had been recaptured by the guards. They were stripped naked, tied to the table spread-eagle face up, and beaten to death with clubs, one by one, he reported. You could see that the SS executioners became sexually stimulated while beating the screaming prisoners to death (ibid.:157).
This extreme savagery exhibited by the "Butch" homosexuals of the camps was not rare, but some accounts of brutality are more gruesome than others. At Auschwitz, for example, Kapo Ludwig Tiene became the most prolific mass murderer of all time by strangling, crushing and gnawing to death as many as 100 boys and young men a day while he raped them (ibid.:143). Incidentally, the second most prolific serial killer in history was also homosexual, the infamous Bluebeard. The man believed to be the legendary mass killer, Bluebeard, is Gilles De Rais, born in Machecoul, Brittany, in 1404. In The Gay Book of Days, Martin Greif, reports that after being arrested on charges of blasphemy, Gilles de Rais confessed to having killed some 150 boys for the pleasure and gratification of my senses...He decided that sodomizing his victims would satisfy both his needs and the Devil's, and so more and more boys disappeared into his castle, never to be seen again (Greif:21).
Perhaps the most grotesque story of all, however, is told by Rector in his chapter on the camps, grotesque not because it is bloodier, but because it reveals how widespread and acceptable these extremes of perversion had become among the Nazi elite. He writes,
240 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
As for the SS, their behavior was typical among those who engaged in sexual bestiality. An example is a film, in color with a sound track, that was secretly made for the pornographic enjoyment of a select coterie of Nazis showing a wild drunken orgy of beautiful boys and handsome young men being whipped, raped and murdered by the SS (Rector:144). (Note: Rector adds that this film is still today very discreetly and very privately shown to only an inner circle of certain homosexuals in Europe).
No study of homosexuality in the Nazi concentration camps would be complete
without mentioning a book called The Men with the Pink Triangle. In recent
years this book has become a standard text for revisionists because it
is purportedly the only autobiography written by a former pink triangle
prisoner. The book itself, however, written by Heinz Heger, cannot be considered
reliable. It is presented as an autobiography, yet translator David Fernbach
admits in his introduction that Hegers account is not his own but is the
story of an anonymous victim of the Nazis, an Austrian (Heger:9). And
though it contains quite a number of anecdotes about homosexuality among
the SS guards which would otherwise be useful in this discussion, these
stories all have a distinct quality of sexual fantasy. We are asked to
believe that nearly every male authority figure whom Heger encounters
requires him to perform oral sex, for example.
Other ostensibly true-life histories of camp survivors are sober chronicles of enslavement and degradation, but Hegers account is almost whimsical in places and includes numerous implausible scenes, such as one in which Hegers Kapo lover countermands an order to punish Heger which comes from the camp commandant himself. For this reason we will not credit the many examples of homosexual sadism reported in this work.
Before we leave the subject of guards and Kapos, we must mention one of the few accounts of lesbians in Nazi history, again in connection with the prison system. In Paris Under the Occupation, Historians Perrault and Azema describe the activities of the French Gestapo. They identify Sonia Boukassi, a drug addict, and Violette Morris, onetime French weight-lifting champion, both lesbians, [as] the chief womens interrogators in the notorious torture chambers of La Carlingue (Perrault and Azema:38).
242 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
The Prisoners
Homosexual prisoners did not integrate well into the prison populations,
writes Eugen Kogon. The prisoners ostracized those whom the SS marked
with the pink triangle (Kogon:44). Kogon attributes this dislike to the
fact that the homosexual population included criminals, and especially
blackmailers...Hostility toward them may also have been partly rooted in
the fact that homosexuality was at one time widespread in Prussian military
circles, as well as the SA and the SS (ibid:44).
Kogon implies that the prisoners associated homosexuality with their tormentors and thus saw the pink triangles as objects of fear and hatred. Plant supports this view, noting that homosexual prisoners were often tainted by the crimes of the homosexual guardseven though they themselves were often the victims (Plant:167). There is evidence, as well, that the homosexuals in the camps alienated their fellow prisoners because of the predatory nature of their sexual drive. Polish sociologist, Anna Pawelczynska, in Values and Violence in Auschwitz, describes this situation:
Sometimes a confirmed homosexual would lead a prisoner of normal inclinations into homosexual practices. Such relationships were usually deeply immoral or deeply demoralizing. A prisoner-functionarys [Kapos] desire to satisfy his or her pederastic sexual needs could also manifest itself in various brutal forms of terror and blackmail used to bring the partner into compliance (Pawelczynska:98).
Pawelcznskas record also refutes Plants suggestion that homosexual prisoners were utterly disunited and therefore powerless. She cites the use of prostitution as a form of currency among the homosexual prisoners. This was likely a common means of getting favors from the homosexual guards as well. She writes,
...paid prostitution existed in the camp and the choice of erotic partners was dictated by ones ability to pay either in the form of help in gaining a better place in the camp structure or, at each visit, in the form of food or better clothes. Homosexual erotic availability became a coin of incommensurate worth, in return for which the chance of biological survival could be won, depending on the clients possibilities (ibid.:99).
In Buchenwald, however, we are told that [a]ssisted by isolation from
the other camp and more supported than supervised by the SS, a number of
bandits were completely terrorizing the workforce, stealing the packets
they were supposed to receive since winter 1941, and holding real orgies
of brutality and the most shameless sadism. Sexual abuse and the foulest
murder were the order of the day (Grau:268).
There is one other distinction between homosexual and other prisoners. Toward the end of World War II, many homosexuals were released from the concentration camps and drafted into the Wehrmacht (Shaul:688). A leading historian of the period, Steven Katz cites records that indicate that 13% of all homosexual camp inmates were reprieved and released (S. Katz:146). This, of course, happened as the Nazis frantically increased their production in the death camps, trying to exterminate every last Jew in Europe before the Allies could liberate the camps.
Were these homosexual volunteers mere cannon fodder in the Nazi military? Not for those with the right sadistic temperament. Many homosexual men chose to transfer to a delinquent battalion like the vicious Strafbataillon Dirlewanger(IGLA Euroletter 52, August, 1977).
Oskar Dirlewanger, a former Freikorps commander in the 1920s, was the creator of this extremely barbarous unit, also known as the Sonderkommando Dirlewanger, the most notorious of Waffen-SS units under perhaps the most sadistic of commanders (36th WaffenGrenadier-Division der SS, www.wssob.com). Dirlewanger put together this unit from concentration camp inmates after he himself was released from a camp after serving a sentence for sexual assault of a female child under fourteen and other sex crimes of a vile nature (www.eliteforcesofthethirdreich.com).
Survivor Stephan Ross says that many homosexuals were released without any requirement of military service:
244 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
All they [those accused of homosexuality] had to do to get out [of the camp] was to sign a paper to say that they had been rehabilitated and wouldnt do it [engage in homosexual behavior] anymore...They were not targeted to die. Not like we were. (The Massachusetts News, April 5, 2000).
Before we leave this subject we should mention the fact that many of the non-effeminate homosexuals interned in Nazi work camps were former Storm Troopers whose allegiance had been to Ernst Roehm and not to Hitler. When Roehms Avengers began killing SS leaders in retaliation for Hitlers assassination (Snyder:298), Himmler cracked down on these homosexual former SA soldiers and many were sent to the camps. (This would account for many of the incidents of sadism and brutality.) Holocaust survivor Eugen Zuckerman wrote the following in a letter to the New York Post, protesting the portrayal of homosexuals as Nazi victims in the New York Holocaust museum.
246 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps
As a Jewish ex-inmate of several concentration camps, including Mauthausen, and as one who grew up in Berlin from the late 1920s until October 1939 and knows the history that led to the internment of gay men in concentration camps, I am opposed to a memorial to homosexuals...The first thousands of homosexuals interned were all members of the Sturm Abteilung (SA), the Nazi Storm Troopers (New York Post, February 16, 1997).
(For the reasons he cited above, Raul Hilberg also believes that the inclusion
of homosexuals in any memorialization of Holocaust victims would be a
travesty -- Hilberg in Rector:139).
Thus, if we add up the numbers, it appears that very few of the millions of European homosexuals were ever sent to concentration camps and of those who were, only a fraction were interned for purely sexual reasons. If, of the 5,000-15,000 homosexuals interned, the first thousands were SA Brownshirts and many others were non-homosexuals falsely charged with homosexuality, it is possible that mere dozens or hundreds were actually sent to camps for homosexuality over the twelve years of Nazi rule.
9. Use in medical experiments
Jews were used as guinea pigs in horrific
experiments which usually resulted in mutilation or death.
To increase the breeding population, some homosexuals received surgical implants to raise testosterone levels or were forced to have sex with female prostitutes. Some were castrated. Death was rare and unintended.
10. Punishment for harboring
Punishment for hiding Jews was death.
There was no punishment for harboring homosexuals. Many were protected by Nazi leaders.
11. Representation among camp guards
There were no known Jewish guards in the concentration camps.
By some estimates, up to 20% of camp guards were homosexuals.
12. Responsibility for the Holocaust
The Jews were not in any way responsible for the Holocaust.
A high percentage of Hitlers cronies associated with Nazi atrocities were homosexuals.
13. Use of Holocaust victim status as a political tool
Jewish groups do not flaunt the yellow star or exploit the Holocaust for political gain.
Gay activists use the pink triangle as their movements symbol and routinely invoke the Gay Holocaust myth for political advantage.
14. Relationship of Holocaust memorial sponsors and benefactors to victims
Jewish sponsors and benefactors of Holocaust memorials are often family members of victims. Non-relatives still share a 6,000 year ethnic and cultural heritage.
The only bond that links homosexuals in todays movement with those interred in Nazi work camps is the common practice of sodomy and a shared sense of social ostracism because of it.
248 Homosexuality in the Concentration Camps


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WARNING: You are probably about to be pissed off.
A family in Connecticut recently posted bright orange flyers, urging parents in the community to change what they hand out for Halloween this year.
The flyers were covered by a local news station and then spread like wildfire across the internet. While the interviewed parents from the news story didn't seem to mind, internet commenters weren't as friendly, and rightfully so. It makes sense that these parents want to protect their children, but posting flyers telling neighbors to change their behavior instead of taking responsibility themselves doesn't. Go trick-or-treating with them, or go through their candy afterwards, or let them trade the stuff they can't eat, or don't let them go at all and make them hate you. All viable options for "responsible parents."


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What A Person's Eyes Reveal About Them!
It has been said that the eyes are windows to the soul. Research has at least shown that the apertures of our eyes offer a glimpse into the mind.
What do an orgasm, a multiplication problem and a photo of a dead body have in common? Each induces a slight, irrepressible expansion of the pupils in our eyes.
For more than a century scientists have known that our eyes' pupils respond to more than changes in light. They also betray mental and emotional commotion. In fact, pupil dilation correlates with arousal so consistently that researchers use pupil size, or pupillometry, to investigate a wide range of psychological phenomena. And they do this without knowing exactly why our eyes behave this way.
"Nobody really knows for sure what these changes do," says Stuart Steinhauer, director of the Biometrics Research Lab at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. He views the dilations as a by-product of the nervous system processing important information.
The visual cortex in the back of the brain assembles the actual images we see. But a different, older part of the nervous system—the autonomic—manages the continuous tuning of pupil size (along with other involuntary functions such as heart rate and perspiration). Specifically, it dictates the movement of the iris to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye, similar to a camera aperture. The iris is made of two types of muscle: a ring of sphincter muscles that encircle and constrict the pupil down to a couple of millimeters across to prevent too much light from entering; and a set of dilator muscles laid out like bicycle spokes that can expand the pupil up to eight millimeters—approximately the diameter of a chickpea—in low light.
Stimulation of the autonomic nervous system's sympathetic branch, known for triggering "fight or flight" responses when the body is under stress, induces pupil dilation. Whereas stimulation of the parasympathetic system, known for "rest and digest" functions, causes constriction. Inhibition of the latter system can therefore also cause dilation. The size of the pupils at any given time reflects the balance of these forces acting simultaneously.
The pupil response to cognitive and emotional events occurs on an even smaller scale than the light reflex, with changes generally less than half a millimeter. By recording subjects' eyes with infrared cameras and controlling factors that might affect pupil size, such as ambient brightness, color and distance, scientists can use pupil movements as a proxy for other processes, like mental strain.
Princeton University psychologist Daniel Kahneman showed several decades ago that pupil size increases in proportion to the difficulty of a task at hand. Calculate nine times 13 and your pupils will dilate slightly. Try 29 times 13 and they will widen further and remain dilated until you reach the answer or stop trying. Kahneman says in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that he could divine when someone gave up on a multiplication problem simply by watching for pupil contraction during the experiment.
"The pupils reflect the extent of mental effort in an incredibly precise way," Kahneman said in an interview with the German news magazine Der Spiegel, adding, "I have never done any work in which the measurement is so precise." When he instructed subjects to remember and recite a series of seven digits, their pupils grew steadily as the numbers were presented one by one and shrunk steadily as they unloaded the digits from memory.


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YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio (WKBN) – It was a packed house at Fellows Riverside Gardens in Youngstown Saturday morning.
The Men's Garden Club of Youngstown hosted its annual winter seminar. This year's theme was four seasons of color.
Speakers from Boston, Philadelphia and Oregon were on hand to lend their expertise, and the Cleveland Botanical Gardens also took part by talking about how to container garden all year round.
"When you think about in our home gardens, we plant containers for summer and perhaps fall, but he is talking about in addition that with spring and winter too," said Lynn Hoffman, Men's Garden Club of Youngstown. "We will see some interesting containers."
This is the ninth year for the winter seminar. The event is so popular there is a waiting list to attend.
The annual Twice Loved Book Sale is also happening at the gardens this weekend.
Plenty of magazines and books are available to browse through and purchase.
Proceeds benefit the Antonucci Horticulture Library, which is where the sale is taking place.
The book sale runs through the Feb. 23. The library is closed on Monday.


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A brownish substance, supposed to be a mere mechanical mixture of phosphide and phosphate of calcium.
A phosphide, PCr, is known; it burns in oxygen forming the phosphate.
From phosphide of calcium and dilute hydrochloric acid, as above; or simply from the phosphide thrown into the water.
A phosphide, Cu3P2, is formed by passing phosphoretted hydrogen over heated cuprous chloride.
When heated to low redness it decomposes into free iodine and phosphide of boron, BP.
The flask containing the phosphide of calcium and water, and placed in a water-bath heated to 140 Fah.
It is directly combined with the metal, forming a phosphide.
The nickel is added to part of the copper and the phosphide of tungsten, then the zinc, and then the rest of the copper.
If the materials contain phosphorous acid, a precipitate of phosphide of silver is formed which should be collected and washed.
phosphide phos·phide (fŏs'fīd') or phos·phid (-fĭd)
A compound of phosphorus and a more electropositive element or radical.


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Does Corey Crawford Get the Respect He Deserves?February 18, 2014
Corey Crawford stepped into the breach when the Blackhawks needed him to become the team's No. 1 goalie in 2010-11.
He led the Blackhawks to one of the best regular seasons in NHL history last year. He played every game for them in their Stanley Cup championship playoff run. He gave up five goals in Game 4 of the Stanley Cup Final, a game in which his weakness on shots to his glove-hand side was exposed.
It was a weakness that would have ruined most goalies. Crawford should have been a nervous wreck for Games 5 and 6. Instead, he limited the Boston Bruins to three goals in two games, and the Blackhawks ended up skating around TD Garden with the Stanley Cup.
Could any other goalie have done that? He was exposed on the game's biggest stage—no offense intended, Olympians—and it bothered him not one iota. He simply responded the next two games when the money was on the table.
"Looking back, I think it was kind of amazing how much pressure was put on him from the outside, whether he felt the pressure or not," Blackhawks defenseman Duncan Keith told NHL.com. "There was obviously lots of talk and a lot of pressure was put on him. I just think it shows you his mental resolve to stick with it. He's really grown over the last couple of years into an elite goaltender."
Think about some of the great goalies in Blackhawks history. Would Tony Esposito have managed to put that bad game behind him? Highly unlikely. Could Ed Belfour bounce back from such a poor effort? Perhaps, but it's not a sure thing. What about Antti Niemi, who led the Blackhawks to the 2010 Stanley Cup? Not a chance.
Most goalies carry every game with them. They act like it's in the past, but nearly every bad goal is front and center. The ability to put bad games and bad goals in the history books can help make a goalie special. Crawford clearly has that ability.
This is often overlooked by fans who think Crawford should be perfect every game. Nearly every team would like to have a goalie play at the level of Patrick Roy or Ken Dryden when both Hall of Famers were in their prime.
Crawford is not among the elite goalies in the game's history. But he played a leading role in the Blackhawks winning their second Stanley Cup, and he has earned respect as a result.
It seems he doesn't often get it. Perhaps it's because he signed a six-year, $36 million contract prior to this season and fans expect perfection.
Blackhawks fans tend to rail against Crawford nearly every time he lets in a goal. If he has an average or below-average game, the talk-show callers want to roast him and the hosts have to calm them down. Crawford gets ripped on popular websites with regularity.
There are some legitimate reasons as to why fans get upset with him. In the 2013-14 regular season, he seems to give up one stoppable goal in nearly every regular-season game.
His save percentage has not been among the league leaders. Crawford is stopping .916 percent of the shots he has faced this year. That's just slightly better than average, and 19 goalies who have played 20 or more games have done better in that category.
That's alarming, but Crawford has a 2.35 goals-against average and a 22-9-10 mark. He wins games for the Blackhawks, and Joel Quenneville is going to stick with him. The Blackhawks head coach knows that when the game is on the line, Crawford is going to help the Blackhawks win a lot more often than he is going to make a game-changing mistake.
Quenneville knows that Crawford has had some moments where he has not been his best. However, he was quite a bit better in January, and Quenneville sees improvement in his goaltender.
"Yeah, he's been better," Quenneville told ESPN.com. "I think every night he's been solid. He's got us some wins. He's got us some points. It seems like he's on top of his game, and he's right where we want him to be."
Those that expect Dominik Hasek-like performances from Crawford are never going to be satisfied. But he has brought home a Stanley Cup, and his coach and his teammates know he is capable of doing it again.
That should bring him the respect from the fans he deserves.


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Postcolonial Identities
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One of the tried and true tactics of creationists of all stripes has long been to equate evolution with atheism, and thus those who accept evolution become atheists. In a society where surveys show that atheists are, for some bizarre reason, among the most distrusted people, this is good political strategy; it's also false. It is simply a scare tactic, designed (intelligently, perhaps, but also unethically) to exploit the public's fear and distrust of atheists. Such fears are utterly irrational, of course, but that is precisely why they can be exploited so effectively by demagogues. Those people exploit the fact that the vast majority of people who deny evolution do so not because of the science (which they are almost uniformly ignorant of) but because they have a perception that evolution leads to atheism which, of course, leads to mass chaos and rampant immorality.
Jack Krebs decided to stand up to this demonization at a meeting of the Kansas State Board of Education on Tuesday. Pat Hayes writes about it at Red State Rabble and includes the text of Krebs' speech, which I will reprint here below the fold. The local paper also had a brief report about it as well. Here is the full text of Jack's remarks:
Last month, the day after I spoke here, I was told that Kathy Martin handed out an article entitled "The Truth of Science and of Revelation" from the Catholic magazine "Columbia."
I would like to thank Mrs. Martin for distributing this article, because it supports a major point that we at Kansas Citizens for Science believe: that there is not a conflict between accepting the theory of evolution and believing in God.
Here is what the article says about Catholic doctrine:
"Believing that God designed the world doesn't mean you have to reject Darwinism or any other scientific explanation… The Church has always taught that natural processes and the laws that govern them are themselves part of God's design. … It is quite acceptable to say that evolution by natural selection is the way God did it."
However, the Intelligent Design advocates claim that one cannot accept both evolution and God. Currently, John Calvert is distributing a pamphlet entitled "Character Assassination and Denigration of Theism." In it, he says that Kansas Citizens for Science has been a "tool" used to "promote a materialist world view that seeks to demean the idea of creation, … effectively promoting non-theistic religions and world views over traditional theistic views."
This is categorically false. Kansas Citizens for Science does not promote any particular religious view. We do not promote materialism, nor do we promote non-theistic over theistic religions.
Board members of KCFS include an evangelical Christian, a Presbyterian minister, mainstream Protestants and Catholics, Unitarians, agnostics and atheists. Science can and does accommodate all those religious beliefs, and more. We believe that science is a limited form of knowledge, and that many essential matters of morals, values and spiritual belief fall outside the realm of science.
Calling us materialists and atheists just because we support mainstream evolutionary theory is a blatant falsehood, and we object to being characterized as such.
John Calvert has been instrumental in developing and promoting your science standards. Therefore, I want to go on public record here, in front of you, in asking that Calvert quit making these false accusations that those of us who accept modern science and evolutionary theory can't also accept God. Many tens of thousands of religious Kansans are being painted as "tools of atheism" by these accusations, and they have a right to be insulted.
Kansas Citizens for Science firmly believes that science, as the "activity of seeking natural explanations about what we observe in the world around us," is both the best way of learning about the physical world and is fully compatible with a wide diversity of religious beliefs, including traditional Christian beliefs about God.
A note to my readers: please do not get sidetracked from the issue here and start commenting on whether evolution really is or isn't compatible with religious belief in general or any particular religious belief. I'm frankly tired of that argument and it only distracts from the real issue here. One can certainly argue over the question of whether they truly are compatible, but that doesn't change the truth of what is going on here. Even if you believe that religious people hold dissonant beliefs in accepting both evolution and their religious views (I, of course, do not believe that), that does not transform them into atheists or materialists or whatever other scare term the other side wants to use. It is absurd enough that we have this irrational fear of atheism so common in this culture; it is doubly absurd to smear people who aren't atheists with that term, whether you think they should be atheists or not.


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Bruins not up to scratch
Luongo (38 saves), Panthers end Boston's 12-game points streak
Maybe the Delaware North people should have grabbed Roberto Luongo as soon as he walked into the FleetCenter yesterday, proclaimed him the building's 20 millionth visitor and spirited him off to Yosemite or the Kennedy Space Center or the Delta Queen steamboat for a slooowwww trip up the Mississippi. Anywhere but Causeway Street, where the Florida goaltender/cat burglar filched yet another game from the Bruins last night.
"Tonight we knew was going to be a big challenge," said coach Mike Sullivan, after Luongo (38 saves) and his trap-happy Panther teammates had hung a 2-0 whitewash on the home team before 15,384 hooting customers, who apparently weren't aware of what the Bruins had been up to during their three weeks out of town.
"It was a playoff-like game for them. That's the mind-set we were up against tonight," said Sullivan.
The spoked B's, who were shut out at home for the first time since Dec. 30, had been riding an 8-0-2-2 wave during their last dozen games, their longest run of consecutive contests with a point since their 17-game unbeaten streak (15-0-2) in early 1983.
Yet after a series of high-scoring road contests at Toronto, Philadelphia, and Carolina (and five points taken), Boston was braced for 60 minutes of grinding against a Panther team that had handed the Bruins their last regulation loss here a month ago and held them to a pair of 1-1 ties in Sunrise, Fla.
"Same kind of game," mused center Brian Rolston, as his mates were packing for tonight's road game with the Islanders after ending their season series 0-2-2 against Florida, which holds a 10-8-4 edge against them here. "They trapped it up . . ."
And Luongo, who'd made 43 saves in the 2-1 victory here and stopped P.J. Axelsson on a penalty shot, did the rest, braced by goals from Darcy Hordichuk and Andreas Lilja, who'd had only four between them all season. "We aren't going to win every game, that's the bottom line," said goalie Andrew Raycroft, who performed well enough (30 saves) to have secured a W on most nights.
Had the Bruins cashed any of their three power plays in the first period -- two of them in the final six minutes -- the night might have gone differently. "If we convert on any of those, it's a different hockey game," said Sullivan.
Instead, the Panthers struck first when Hordichuk (just four career goals) tipped defenseman Mathieu Biron's right-point shot past Raycroft at 2:49 of the second period.
"I saw it coming at me, then it went off a leg or a stick," said Raycroft, who'd lost only once (at Chicago in overtime) in the last month. "I have no idea. I was still looking for it when it was in the net for 10 seconds."
The Bruins had won 14 games when they'd given up the first goal, so there was no immediate need for panic. But as the evening wore on and Boston still hadn't solved Luongo, there was a mounting sense of urgency.
After another power-play chance had gone for naught, here came the chance of the night a dozen minutes into the second period, with rookie Patrice Bergeron pouncing on a fat rebound directly in front. But Luongo went asprawl to deny him. "When it isn't in, it isn't in," shrugged Bergeron. "But he made a good save. You have to give him credit."
So it's been all year for Luongo, every time he sees a black-and-gold jersey anywhere on his radar screen. Four games, three goals allowed, 142 saves made. There were more chances -- a shorthanded rush in the first minute of the final period by defenseman Nick Boynton, a close-quarters bid by Axelsson. But Luongo, crouching like a feline, was denying everything that came at him.
All the Bruins could do was keep doing what had gotten them points night in, night out for the past month -- going assertively to goal, even after Lilja burned them on an odd-man rush, converting a pretty pass in the slot from Niklas Hagman with 10:17 to play.
So it was 2-0 now, and unless Luongo ducked out for a bowl of chowdah, the Bruins were destined to take a regulation L for the first time since Jan. 24 and leave the ice to the same catcalls they'd been hearing in December.
That team, though, was taking 6-0 home floggings that had owner Jeremy Jacobs seething in absentia. This one, thanks to their roadwork, is going to the playoffs.
"We're moving in the right direction," declared Sullivan. "We're better today than we were a week ago. And we were better a week ago than we were before the All-Star Game."


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What does CPC mean in Politics?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand CPC in the Governmental field in general and in the Politics terminology in particular.
Communist Party of China
Find a translation for CPC in other languages:
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What does CPC mean?
- Communist Party of China(ProperNoun)
- the ruling political party of the People's Republic of China
Discuss this CPC abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"CPC." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2018. Web. 20 Mar. 2018. <https://www.abbreviations.com/term/337113>.


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Disneys Newport Bay Club Hotel Marne-La-Vallee
Disneys Newport Bay Club Hotel Marne-La-Vallee Rates and Deals
Disneys Newport Bay Club Hotel Marne-La-Vallee Reviews
142 reviews
Disney hotel Apr 10, 2011
As we were on an incentive trip I've no clue about the price. It's not the most luxury one from the Disney hotels in Paris, but it still is part of the park (it takes about 15 minutes walking to get to the Disney parks, they offer a free shuttle bus too).
The staff is very friendly, I guess like every where you go to a Disney facility. The hotel is a huge one, it was a long walk to get to our room (room 2333).
The room was spacious, interior in 'New England' style. But, I'm sorry to say it, a little bit worn out. Especially the bathroom.
The room had a/c, a television, a mini bar (one of those the minute you touch a bottle it's on your account). Ice cubes provided (serve yourself from one of the big machines in the corridors).
The breakfast (a limited buffet) was just too busy. People lining up for a table and lining up to grab the food. They did a good job on refilling the buffet.
The assortment was bread, Danish pastry, cheese, ham, boiled eggs, juice, coffee and tea. That was about it.
To be honest, I won't book this hotel myself.
We were told the hotel will undergo a big renovation.
3 / 3 TravBuddies found this review helpful/trustworthy
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16 reviews
5 Star! Dec 06, 2009
Words can not describe how excellent this hotel is! I have stayed here 5 times out of the 7 times that I have been to Disneyland and it's FAB! The staff are friendly, the magic stays within the hotel with characters in lobby every morning, the food is fantastic, the rooms are spacious, clean and tidy too! It is located with a 5-10 minute walk to the park HOWEVER after breakfast this is perfect just to have a bit of air before going to the park! The hotel is massive and it is very English which I find excellent! I love it here and would recommend it to anyone going to disney whether its groups, families or couples! Utterly fabulous!!!
[By the way I have put the last time i went there as date visited even though i have also been in december 2001, november 2003, december 2004,december 2006, november 2007, march 2009 & december 2009]
Part of the Disneyland Paris travel blog
2 / 2 TravBuddies found this review helpful/trustworthy
Disneys Newport Bay Club Hotel Marne-La-Vallee Overview
Set Sail for Disney's New England! Set a course for Rhode Island, past the nearby Disney Parks and the majestic waters of Lake Disney. Land-ho! It's Disney's Newport Bay Club. Crewmembers are on hand to navigate you to another time and place, when America's elite built opulent mansions for their annual holidays by the sea. Today this fine tradition continues. From a breathtaking New England landscape to a classic lighthouse guiding you to uncharted fun - it's all here, to live again. Sail through the elegant lobby to get a view of the pristine interiors, priceless artifacts from the seven seas and the Captain's Quarters, filled with souvenirs from the world-famous America's Cup yacht race. What a nautical adventure! So drop anchor by the shores of Disney's Newport Bay Club. Where maritime magic lives. **Swimming pool closed from May 23rd to 27th, 2011 and from 21st November to 2nd December, 2011**.
Disneys Newport Bay Club Hotel Amenities