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In the Little Cup metagame, leads make a giant impact on the game. Leads can swing the game's momentum your way at the start of the game by activating weather on the field, setting up entry hazards, or just screwing over the opponent's plans. Pokémon featured in this article are examples of leads who do those jobs perfectly.
These leads try to get weather up to break Focus Sashes or increase teammates' Speed with sun or rain.
Snover @ Oran Berry
EVs: 116 HP / 180 Atk / 180 SpA
Rash nature
- Protect
- Blizzard
- Ice Shard
- Energy Ball
Snover is one of the best leads in the game. It is able to stop Fake Out users with Protect and then break their Focus Sash with the hail it summons. Blizzard hurts any Pokemon not named Munchlax. Snover's power can crush through teams easily; Ice Shard is useful to pick off Pokemon with low HP from switching into Blizzards or stalling their HP down from the hail through Protect.
Hippopotas @ Oran Berry / Leftovers
EVs: 212 HP / 36 Atk / 212 Def / 36 SpD
Impish nature
- Stealth Rock
- Earthquake
- Crunch / Rock Slide
- Slack Off / Roar
Hippopotas is the only Pokemon in Little Cup with Sand Stream, making it mandatory on sandstorm-based teams. Aside from providing sandstorm, Hippopotas also has several other features that make it a great lead. Stealth Rock is a great move for any Pokemon to have, but Hippopotas is one of the best users of it. With sandstorm adding to the residual damage Stealth Rock provides, Life Orb and status Orb users will be worn down very quickly. The sand hippo also has fantastic bulk, being able to tank even a super effective Waterfall from Kabuto, and Slack Off just adds to this fantastic survivability. To round everything off, Hippopotas is no slouch on the attacking side. STAB Earthquake puts a dent in anything who isn't immune or resistant to it. Crunch and Rock Slide help cover anything Earthquake won't hit. All of this together is the making of one hell of a lead that any team should be prepared to face.
Voltorb @ Damp Rock
EVs: 36 HP / 36 Def / 236 SpA / 196 Spe
Timid nature
- Rain Dance
- Taunt
- Thunder
- Hidden Power Ice / Explosion
Voltorb has the tools to be one of the best leads in Little Cup. It ties for the highest Speed in the tier with Diglett, which allows it to set up rain fast and stop Trick Room and Sunny Day from being played with Taunt. You can opt to move the Defense EVs to Attack, and switch to a Hasty nature so you can use Explosion, blowing up on your enemies as a last resort.
Fake Out leads' main purpose is to break Focus Sashes and attempt to KO the opponent's lead the next turn so they can't set up.
Meowth @ Silk Scarf
Ability: Technician
EVs: 236 Atk / 76 Def / 196 Spe
Jolly nature
- Bite
- U-turn
- Return
- Fake Out
Meowth can help counter the other team's lead. Fake Out can break Focus Sash while Return and Bite provide coverage to eliminate the opponent. It also has access to Hypnosis to allow you to induce sleep onto the opponent's lead. Lastly, Meowth may carry Rain Dance to set up rain, Sunny Day to set up sun, and Taunt to stop Stealth Rocks and weather conditions to be played.
Chimchar @ Focus Sash
Hasty nature
EVs: 4 HP / 56 Atk / 4 Def / 216 SpA / 4 SpD / 188 Spe
- Fake Out
- Overheat
- Hidden Power Grass
- Stealth Rock
Chimchar is the only Pokemon in the Little Cup tier who have access to both Fake Out and Stealth Rock. It can guarantee to get Stealth Rock down on most leads except for ones with Taunt but those leads can be taken out by Overheat or Hidden Power Grass.
Aipom @ Life Orb / Silk Scarf
Ability: Pick Up
EVs: 36 HP / 236 Atk / 196 Spe
Jolly nature
- Fake Out
- U-turn
- Return / Shadow Claw
- Taunt / Seed Bomb / Brick Break
Aipom is a great alternative to Meowth and is superior in a number of ways. Aipom has much higher Attack than Meowth, making its Return and Seed Bomb stronger. Aipom's Fake Out and Return are able to KO Machop together, while Taunt allows it to stop SR leads like Kabuto, Phanpy, and Onix reliably. Seed Bomb is an alternative to allow it to hit SR set-up Pokemon and OHKO them instead, but it in turn fails to deal with Bronzor. Shadow Claw gives Aipom a reliable way to hit Ghosts, while Brick Break lets Aipom break Bronzor's Screens and hit Aron for an OHKO. Aipom is also very useful midgame and can stop defensive teams in their tracks because of Taunt and U-turn.
These leads use their great defenses to power through frail leads and / or set up entry hazards.
Bronzor @ Oran Berry
Ability: Levitate
EVs: 220 HP / 4 Atk / 148 Def / 4 SpA / 68 SpD
Sassy nature
- Earthquake / Psychic
- Stealth Rock
- Rain Dance / Trick Room
- Gyro Ball
Bronzor is capable of doing a lot of different things from the lead spot. It can set up Rain Dance, Sunny Day (not the best of ideas, though), and Trick Room. Also, it is capable of setting up Reflect, Light Screen, and / or Stealth Rock. Bronzor's bulk is what makes it a great lead to have.
Tentacool @ Oran Berry
Ability: Liquid Ooze
Calm Nature
EVs: 196 HP / 196 SpD / 116 Spe
- Toxic Spikes
- Protect
- Hydro Pump
- Ice Beam / Sludge Bomb
Made "famous" by Eo Ut Mortus, Tentacool is easily the most reliable (and probably the only) Toxic Spikes lead in Little Cup. Tentacool is best suited for a Little Cup stall team. Stall is very hard to use in Little Cup, but when used correctly it is very hard to beat. Toxic Spikes are almost always a poor option because the Poison / Fighting-type Croagunk is so common and makes them seem useless. This is why it is crucial to keep Tentacool alive until you are certain Croagunk is KOed or the opponent isn't using it.
Protect is used for both scouting and to help rack up poison and / or weather damage. Hydro Pump allows Tentacool to inflict heavy damage on leads such as Phanpy, Hippopotas, and Kabuto and is capable OHKOing the former two. Ice Beam is useful against Gligar and Croagunk, while Sludge Bomb scores an OHKO on Snover. Furthermore, if you are using Tentacool, it is highly recommended you use it alongside Levitate Bronzor, as they cover each other's weaknesses very well.
Phanpy @ Oran Berry
Impish nature
EVs: 116 HP / 196 Atk / 116 Def / 36 SpD / 36 Spe
- Stealth Rock
- Earthquake
- Head Smash
- Ice Shard
Phanpy used to be one of the most common leads in Little Cup. Snover's immense rise as lead over the past few months may keep the little elephant away from the top five for good. Phanpy should not be ignored though, as it is commonly known as one of the best Stealth Rock leads in the tier. It can take physical attacks very well, capable of surviving even super effective attacks, such as Kabuto's Waterfall. Similarly to Hippopotas, Phanpy is no slouch on the attacking side either. STAB Earthquake puts a dent in Kabuto and Hippopotas and Head Smash OHKOes Snover. Ice Shard is probably Phanpy's main selling point as a lead, allowing it to OHKO Rock Polish and Swords Dance Gligar after Stealth Rock damage.
These leads use unconventional methods of getting momentum flowing in their player's way. Use of abilities, moves, and typing affect how these Pokemon work.
Diglett @ Focus Sash
Ability: Arena Trap
Jolly nature
EVs: 36 HP / 236 Atk / 236 Spe
- Stealth Rock
- Earthquake
- Sucker Punch / Shadow Claw
- Protect
Diglett reaches 20 Speed which ties for the fastest Speed in the game. Protect helps it against Fake Out users while it can still set up Stealth Rock. Its ability is what makes Diglett a great lead; it eliminates the opponent's lead from the start of the game, which destroys their strategy. Also with access to Sucker Punch, most leads have a hard time finishing off Diglett since it always goes first.
Anorith @ Oran Berry
Jolly Nature
EVs: 236 Atk / 36 Def / 236 Spe
- Stealth Rock
- Rapid Spin
- X-Scissor
- Rock Slide / Brick Break
Anorith's goal as a lead is to set up Stealth Rock and keep the opponent's Stealth Rock down. With Rapid Spin and 18 Speed, Anorith outspeeds all common Stealth Rock leads and can use Rapid Spin the next turn after they set up Stealth Rock. X-Scissor coming off of Anorith's impressive 19 Attack stat hurts any lead who doesn't resist it and OHKOes common leads like Snover and Meowth. Rock Slide gets great coverage with X-Scissor and hits Gastly and Gligar who resist Bug-type moves. With Brick Break you lose coverage on Gligar and Gastly, but you OHKO Kabuto and you gain the ability to eliminate Light Screen and Reflect.
Kabuto @ Focus Sash
Jolly or Naive nature
EVs: 200 Atk / 40 Def / 200 Spe
- Stealth Rock
- Waterfall
- Aqua Jet
- Rock Slide / Earth Power
Currently #4 in the lead rankings, Kabuto provides a solid start for any team. Not only does it lay down the vital Stealth Rock, but it can also handily beat other top leads with its good type coverage and great Attack. Waterfall hits Phanpy, and is Kabuto's main STAB attack. Earth Power hits other Kabuto and Croagunk and priority in Aqua Jet is always useful for opposing leads with Focus Sash and later on in the battle. Rock Slide can be used to hit Snover.
As you can see, many different Pokemon can act great as a lead in many different ways. So go on the Create-A-Pokemon Server and test these leads or try a lead of your own!
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Home > News & Topics > News & Topics in 2004 > New procedures related to US CBP regulation
14 July, 2004
|New procedures related to US CBP regulation |
|House Airwaybill Information to CBP|
|Terms related to CBP regulations|
Dear NCA Customers
Regarding the new regulation of the Advance Electronic Presentation of Cargo information published by the US Customs and Border Protection (CBP), NCA would like to announce its status of compliance and basic handling policy as follows;
|Date of implementation
|All NCA flights including the flights to/from Europe are to be regulated from December 13, 2004.
CBP announced following implementation schedule
|Basic Handling requirement
(Detailed Handling requirement will be announced later.)
|All information related to air cargo brought into USA as well as in-transit air cargo will be required to be transmitted electronically to AAMS (Air Automated Manifest System) at least 4hours prior to the arrival of the flight at the first port of entry in USA.
When your shipment is forwarded from Asia to USA, Europe or Europe to Asia by NCA flights, CBP regulations shall be applied to your shipment.
NCA is responsible for the transmission of a complete set of information at Master Air Waybill (MAWB) level for non-consolidated and consolidated shipments. NCA is also responsible to transmit a complete set of information at House Air Waybill (HAWB) level when other eligible parties like ABI filers, Container Freight Stations identified FIRMS code will not transmit HAWB data to AMS by themselves.
As the consolidator exclusively possesses HAWB information, NCA needs to be disclosed and presented with complete and accurate HAWB information that is required by CBP. Even other party directly send AMS HAWB information, it is still necessary for NCA to be informed with all HAWB information in case of split or part shipments.
NCA offers you two methods to supply HAWB information
If you choose to send HAWB information directly to AMS, NCA needs to be informed sender's unique ID code in FWB messages OSI line.
Whichever method you choose, following documents need to be attached to the MAWB at the time of acceptance.
Although NCA is responsible for transmitting the information on the basis of what NCA believes to be true or correct, the shippers are ultimately responsible for completeness and correctness of the information. Therefore forwarders will be liable to NCA for any loss or expense NCA racked up due to incorrectness or incompleteness of provided information.
Cost measures
Since CBP regulations will significantly increase our cost, NCA have to request our customers to share part of the additional cost. New miscellaneous house charge with two levels based on the way to acquire HAWB information is anticipated.
|Your choice/EDI test
NCA would like to request you to inform us which way you choose to handle HAWB information.
Please complete attached questionnaire and send it back to NCA sales representative in your station by July 30,2004.
If you choose to send us FHL2 messages, we need to have EDI testing.
For necessary arrangement, you are kindly requested to confirm PIMA address of the FHL sender and contact with;
Mr. Kurita or Mr. Yokoyama, Cargo System Planning
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: 81-3-6735-5564
Fax: 81-3-6735-5639
Thank you very much for your attention and continued support on NCA.
House Airwaybill Information to CBP
In order to implement CBP compliance smoothly, NCA needs following information. Please complete this form and send it back to your contact in NCA.
1. Contact
Name of person in charge:
|2. Transmission of House Airwaybill Information to CBP
|Please check your choice to transmit House Airwaybill Information to CBP.
|・Direct transmission to AMS by yourself
|・The same Agent Unique ID/FIRMS code should be used.
・Different Agent Unique ID/FIRMS code may be used.
|・EDI with the use of FHL2 messages
|Your vendor to transmit FHL to NCA
Your PIMA address
When EDI testing can be implemented?
Do you intend to transmit House Airwaybill Information directly to AMS in the future?
|・Paper submission for NCA's manual entry
Your comment:
Thank you for your cooperation.
Terms related to CBP regulations
* ABI filers and FIRMS code holders can transmit HAWB information directly to AMS by themselves. In this case, the carrier needs to transmit sender's ID code to AMS instead of HAWB data. NCA requests forwarders who makes direct transmission to send FWB containing ID code on OSI line. NCA, however, has to obtain and transmit HAWB data to CBP in case of the subject shipment is forwarded sprit basis.

subset: commoncrawl


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|( 5 upvotes )
|( 9 upvotes )
|( 8 upvotes )
|( 9 upvotes )
|( 27 upvotes )
|Bahaha, great poster. Never knew about satyriasis. And they said I would never learn anything useful on Motifake...
|Kind of a lose/lose situation then. If I had gotten it right that would mean at the end I was attacked by a masdfgdhjkl;j'hl
|Random here is 100% correct. Nice try though.
|Nymphomania applies to women. The letter states a "he", so the condition should be satyriasis.
Misc info


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MWC 2012: LG Optimus L7 P700, L5 E610 and L3 E400 preview (video)
Alongside the Optimus 4X HD, Optimus Vu and Optimus 3D Max, LG has also brought its new L-series Android handsets at MWC 2012: the Optimus L7 (model number LG P700), Optimus L5 (model number LG E610), and Optimus L3 (model number LG E400).
Part of the company's new L Style family (which centers on design – a simple and elegant design, to be exact), the L7, L5 and L3 look the same overall, but they have different sizes and different specs.
The LG Optimus L7 leads the pack, coming with Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich, a 4.3 inch WVGA display, HSDPA 7.2Mbps, Wi-Fi, NFC, GPS, 5MP rear camera with LED flash, and a 1GHz processor. The L7 is only 8.7mm thin, and feels like a high-end device – despite the fact that, specs-wise, it isn't.
Here's a quick video preview of the Optimus L7:
The Optimus L5 runs Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich, too, but it's a tad smaller than the L7, sporting a 4 inch display with only 480 x 320 pixels (HVGA). Other features: HSDPA 3.6Mbps, NFC (only in select regions), Wi-Fi, GPS, 5MP rear camera with flash, and an 800MHz processor.
As it name suggests, the LG Optimus L3 is the tiniest among the three new handsets. It runs Android 2.3.6 Gingerbread (there's probably no future update to Android 4.0 ICS), and features a 3.2 inch QVGA display, HSDPA 3.6Mbps, Wi-Fi, GPS, 800MHz processor, and a 3MP rear camera.
The Optimus L3 will be released first, sometime in March, for a low (and yet unknown) price. Shortly after that, the Optimus L5 and Optimus L7 will also be launched, both coming in either black, or white.


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"My husband of 54 years is in Final stage Liver disease and renal failure. He also has Hep C, his labs are way over the chart and stomach distened. Yellow very, so awfull to see him in this shape. Also he is in prison so I cant take care ..."
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text: Born and raised in Small town Paris Tennessee, I've been around guns, hunting large and small game, since I was a child. I've always fished in Kentucky lake, or my back yard. I became an efficient Bow shooter in my late teens, and was on the Pro-Am ticket. After a very bad wreck, even worse surgical results, and becoming a South Paw in most of my daily activities, I've been able to overcome what I once thought were major obstacles in my life-long loves. I am currently a lifetime member of the NRA, member of "The Henry County Friends of the NRA", the only female mentor in the area for the SCTP, Scholastic Clay Target Program (working on Head Coach Status) and am currently the Head Gunsmith at Urban Legend Firearms with ACE Gunsmith, along side Nick, my fiance. I guess all thats left to say is "I am not mean, I am blunt. Which means I will tell you the clear difference between a bit naive and INCREDIBLY FUCKING STUPID"!!


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Follow @DaytimeRoyalty
|Hello, soap fans -- and welcome to Daytime Royalty!
For those unfamiliar, we are an uncensored community for fans and lovers of the daytime genre. We have a no-holds-barred atmosphere in regards to the shows, writers, actors etc. but we do not allow member bashing in any form.
You're currently viewing our forum as a guest. This means you are limited to certain areas of the board and there are some features you can't use. If you join our community, you'll be able to access member-only sections, and use many member-only features such as customizing your profile, sending personal messages, and voting in polls. Registration is simple, fast, and completely free.
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|Y&R: July Discussion
|Tweet Topic Started: Jun 30 2013, 04:02 PM (16,774 Views)
|Miss Rhi
|Jun 30 2013, 04:02 PM Post #1
Y&R: July Discussion
Brad in a Cage
Click HERE to watch the rest and his eventual escape!
|Sammie Jo
|Jun 30 2013, 04:38 PM Post #2
|That was some SL, I remember it having me on the edge of my seat, grab her hair Brad, grab her hair! lol
|Jul 1 2013, 09:48 AM Post #3
I agree. I think Young and the Restless reached a zenith in soap creativity beginning with this storyline and running up until 1992 or '93.
Granted, the stories ran at a snail's pace but I still miss the hell out of that era!
|Queen B
|Jul 2 2013, 03:42 PM Post #4
|Chelsea is so annoying and her and Dylan have no chemistry. Just put her back with Adam already and let them be miserable together so Dylan can leave town with Avery and Shick can get their happy ending !
|Queen B
|Jul 2 2013, 03:52 PM Post #5
|Michael and Lauren need to seriously break up, and that doesn't mean I wanna see Lauren with Carmine. I think Paul and Lauren should reconnect and Michael can start hooking up with Christine
|Queen B
|Jul 2 2013, 04:10 PM Post #6
As if Kyle would dump young and beautiful Summer for old and raggidy Phyllis..
Summer is so blessed that she looks nothing like her mother, in fact I think she resembles Sharon quite a bit
|Queen B
|Jul 2 2013, 04:14 PM Post #7
|The only thing worse then useless Dylan being on my screen on the time is the fact that useless Avery and useless Chelsea are inlove with him. These characters are so bland and boring, and they just HAD to bring in a friend of Dylan's into the mix who is probably gonna suck too
|Queen B
|Jul 2 2013, 04:25 PM Post #8
|I love Camryn Grimes and can't wait for her return to Y&R but how in the world are they gonna explain the age gap between Noah and Cassie (Cassie being the older one) and the fact that Haley King is so close to Camryn Grimes age in real life? Cassie was a teenager when Summer was born and Noah was just a kid .
|Jul 2 2013, 05:54 PM Post #9
|There's some rumour that Sharon hires a Cassie lookalike in order to reconnect with Nick. I hope its not true!!
|Jul 2 2013, 06:37 PM Post #10
If that rumor is true, I would love to see Sharon go over to the dark side. I loved when she was like that last summer when Victurd was presumed dead. I am tired of seeing her as a push over for the men on the show.
Edited by metitle, Jul 3 2013, 05:36 AM.
|Sammie Jo
|Jul 2 2013, 11:16 PM Post #11
If she does that, she'll crazy pants pattie's new roomie.
|Jul 3 2013, 05:53 AM Post #12
|I thought it was funny that vikki takes Johnny to the ranch so they'd be safe. Isn't this the same ranch that a drunk Sharon walked in and burned the place to the ground and the same ranch that the henchman was serving drinks and shot victor???? :shrug:
|Jul 3 2013, 05:58 AM Post #13
And this is why I don't watch Y&R anymore and I why I won't watch it again until some thing change.
|Jul 3 2013, 07:34 AM Post #14
|You don't think Sharon is capable of doing that?
|Jul 3 2013, 09:40 AM Post #15
|Gonna have to skip today's July 3 episode. From the looks of yesterday's preview, it's going to focus heavy on Dullan and his (yawwwwwn) past.
|Jul 5 2013, 11:12 AM Post #16
Its the damn Ms. Lucky Charms. Can't stand her on YR either.
Chloe and Billy have so much chemistry.
I keep on forgetting who Abby is. Drop her.
F#ck off Kevin. You ain't the daddy. He gives me the creeps when he is around children and Chance was more of Delia's step dad.
|Jul 5 2013, 11:20 AM Post #17
OMG, your posts are always hilarious.
Edited by metitle, Jul 5 2013, 11:20 AM.
|Sammie Jo
|Jul 5 2013, 02:45 PM Post #18
I agree, Chloe and Billy do have a ton of chemistry, the chemistry that Vicky and billy had is just gone, she's so damn moody. I look for Chloe and Billy to get back together again.
I feel the same way about Abby, she just doesn't fit the part at all.
Who's mrs lucky charms?
|Jul 5 2013, 06:49 PM Post #19
This is one s/l I will not be watching. All this Cassie shit makes me want to vomit.
|Jul 5 2013, 06:55 PM Post #20
It appears that she is a ghost so no explanation needed for the age gap LOL
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Yesterday I discovered two Good Housekeeping magazines in my mail. They were addressed to me, a mystery because it's not something I'd sign up to get. Turns out they are my replacement magazine for the axed Budget Living (long live Shelterrific). But Good Housekeeping? One of them has Tom Cruise (creepy) smiling out at me from the cover, and they sport headlines like "Look Thinner & Younger", "Get A Flat Belly Fast! Only Minutes A Day", and "The 3-Hour Diet". The other hints that the secret private life of Sarah Jessica Parker is inside (the shocking secret is that she likes to stay home and hang out with her family). When I heard Budget Living was closing down and I'd get a replacement magazine I figured I'd just let it run it's course, but I think I'm going to take the effort to get a refund instead.
I'm not the only one two finds my Budget Living replacement less than satisfactory, but I think I'd rather have the Redbook that Chez Shoes received.
The same delivery of mail had some news about another magazine that won't see the presses again, Chow. They've become part of the CNET family and will stay website only at chow.com. I'm glad they'll survive but sad I will have to be staring at this screen to see them again. That subscription will be finished off with Intermezzo magazine, which I'm looking forward to.


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NEW NCAA RULE FORCES PLAYERS' NBA DECISIONS SOONER: Testing the NBA waters seemingly has become a thing of the past for college players. These days, they're likely either in or out.
The reason is, players have less time to make a decision.
A new NCAA rule says players who entered the NBA draft early but want to return to school only have until next week to withdraw. That April 10 deadline is about a month earlier than before and 19 days before the NBA requires players to say they're entering early.
The NCAA says the change keeps players focused on academics and gives coaches a measure of certainty for their rosters as they prepare for the next year.
NBA Commissioner David Stern says the conflicting deadlines make it harder on players.
SULLINGER GIVES UP LAST 2 OSU YEARS FOR NBA: COLUMBUS, Ohio (AP) — Two-time Ohio State All-American forward Jared Sullinger is moving on to the NBA.
The 6-foot-9 sophomore announced on Wednesday that he is giving up his final two seasons with the Buckeyes to make himself available for the NBA draft on June 28.
Sullinger averaged 17.5 points and 9.2 rebounds a game while shooting 52 percent from the field, 77 percent at the line and 40 percent on 3-pointers while leading the Buckeyes to a 31-8 record and a Final Four berth.
Deshaun Thomas, a 6-7 sophomore at Ohio State, is also considering the NB
PLAYER SCORES 113 POINTS IN LEBANESE LEAGUE GAME: BEIRUT (AP) — Basketball's world governing body says Mohammad El Akkari has joined the elite century club after scoring 113 points in a Lebanese league game.
The guard led Moutahed to a 173-141 victory over Bejjeh in a Division A league game on Tuesday.
The FIBA website says El Akkari is the first player to score more than 100 points in an official league game in any of its Asian national federations.
Two players achieved the feat in non-league games. Lou Salvador had 116 points for the Philippines against China in the 1923 Far Eastern Games, and Jeron Teng scored 104 for Xavier School against Grace Christian College in a high school game in the Philippines.
REDS' VOTTO AGREES TO $251.5M, 12-YEAR CONTRACT: CINCINNATI (AP) — Joey Votto got a big payday by staying in a small market, agreeing to a $251.5 million, 12-year deal with the Cincinnati Reds on Wednesday that is the longest guaranteed contract in major league history.
The agreement adds $225 million over 10 years to his previous contract. The deal includes a club option for 2024, when the 2010 National League MVP turns 41.
After watching NL Central rivals St. Louis and Milwaukee lose their first basemen to bigger markets, the Reds secured Votto with a package that easily eclipsed Ken Griffey Jr.'s $116.5 million, nine-year deal from 2000 as the largest in franchise history. In the majors, it trails only Alex Rodriguez's $275 million and $252 million deals, both over 10 years.
DESPAIGNE BREAKS CUBAN HOME RUN RECORD WITH 35: HAVANA (AP) — Alfredo Despaigne has broken the Cuban league regular-season home run record.
Despaigne hit two homers on Tuesday to lift his season total to 35, breaking the old record of 33 shared by Yoenis Cespedes, who now plays for the Oakland Athletics, and Jose Dariel Abreu.
Cespedes defected from Cuba and recently signed a $36 million, four-year contract with Oakland.
An outfielder with the club Granma, Despaigne is hitting .343, leads in runs scored with 90, and RBIs with 98.
Granma has 11 games remaining in the regular season.
UFC BOUT IN JEOPARDY AFTER OVEREEM FAILS DRUG TEST: LAS VEGAS (AP) — Alistair Overeem failed a drug test in Nevada, putting plans for a scheduled heavyweight championship matchup in jeopardy.
Nevada Athletic Commission chief Keith Kizer said Wednesday the Dutch kickboxing champion needs to pass a second urine test or appeal to the regulatory panel to obtain a license to fight Junior Dos Santos as scheduled May 26.
Kizer says Overeem tested unacceptably high for testosterone.
Overeem representatives didn't immediately respond to a message through Overeem's lawyer, David Chesnoff.
Chesnoff represented Overeem last week in a plea deal that could clear a misdemeanor battery allegation that Overeem shoved a woman early Jan. 2 at a Las Vegas Strip casino.
The scuffle occurred just days after Overeem knocked out heavyweight Brock Lesnar in the first round of UFC 141.
RAMS HONOR 7-TIME PRO BOWLER: ST. LOUIS (AP) — Wide receiver Torry Holt signed a one-day contract so he could retire with the St. Louis Rams, where he was a key part of a Super Bowl champion and the Greatest Show on Turf.
He'd like to be remembered as a player who respected the game, gave it his all and made sure he had fun.
Despite his statistics, Holt doesn't expect he'll land in the Hall of Fame anytime soon with several other wide receivers ahead of him. He said Wednesday that a farewell news conference was enough validation.
Holt was a seven-time Pro Bowler with St. Louis from 1999-2008 and was selected to the NFL's All-Decade team for the 2000s, setting a league record with six consecutive seasons of at least 1,300 yards receiving.
PANTHERS SIGN FREE AGENT S REGGIE SMITH FROM 49ERS: CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) — The Panthers announced they've signed free agent safety Reggie Smith from the San Francisco 49ers.
Terms of the deal have been not announced.
The 6-foot-1, 200-pound Smith played in all 16 regular season games and both playoff games for the San Francisco 49ers in 2011. He recorded 16 tackles and one interception during the regular season. Smith also contributed on special teams with six special teams tackles during the regular season and two during the postseason.
Panthers' general manager Marty Hurney says Smith "has been on our radar since the beginning of free agency" and "is a player we think can come in and compete at safety."
Smith spent four seasons with the 49ers after being selected by the team in the third round of the 2008 draft.
FRANCE, US WITHOUT KEY PLAYERS FOR DAVIS CUP: PARIS (AP) — France captain Guy Forget believes the United States will be significantly weakened by the loss of Mardy Fish in their Davis Cup quarterfinal on Friday.
Both teams were rocked by withdrawals to key players this week.
The ninth-ranked Fish pulled out because of fatigue and was replaced by Ryan Harrison. Meanwhile, Forget is without the 14th-ranked Gael Monfils, a former French Open semifinalist, because of an abdominal injury.
Forget says "I think these last-minute withdrawals are more harmful for them than for us," adding that "Harrison is a player for the future."
Courier, who won French Open titles in 1991-92, was tightlipped about why he chose the 19-year-old Harrison. He'll be joined on the U.S. team by John Isner and doubles players Mike and Bob Bryan.


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Contractual Terms
On 31 January 2013 the standard default terms on which barristers offered their services for many years were withdrawn by the Bar Standards Board.
These were replaced by The (new) Standard Contractual Terms for the Supply of Legal Services by Barristers to Authorised Persons 2012.
The (new) Standard Contractual Terms at Annex T to the Bar Code of Conduct have been adopted by all Chambers' barristers in respect of all new instructions and continuing matters in which members have previously been instructed. These will apply to instructions from Solicitors and Authorised Persons who have been authorised by the Law Society or the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA).
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Entire School Staff Removed from Sexual Abuse Scandalized School in California
News of the sexual abuse scandal from Miramonte Elementary School in California has been horrifying, but at least I can now report that the school is taking the charges against two of its teachers, Mark Berndt and Martin Springer, very seriously.
As a full investigation of each teacher's allegations takes place, the entire staff of the Los Angeles elementary school is being removed from the school. More than 120 staff members, including 90 teachers, are being replaced to take over the day-to-day functioning of the school. A psychiatric social worker will also be placed in every classroom to help with the transition.
According to the Los Angeles Unified School District Superintendent John Deasy, the investigation will include interviewing all Miramonte school staff as well as current and former students.
"We intend to interview every adult, every adult who works at that school, whether they are a teacher or administrator, or whether they are an after-school playground worker or a custodian or a secretary," said Deasy to parents in regards to the investigation. "I mean every single solitary adult who works at Miramonte."
Many of the teachers have taken the news of their departure hard and parents seem to be divided over the decision to remove the school's staff. To be honest, I'm a bit conflicted over the decision myself.
While I'm in favor of a full investigation of the sexual abuse allegations against Berndt and Springer, I'm not sure the removal of the entire school staff is the best solution. Of course it's of utmost importance to remove any other teachers who might be engaging in such an inappropriate behavior and yes it's very important to get the full story from those who worked with Berndt and Springer, but what about those teachers and staff who were dedicated and trustworthy employees and did their very best for their students? What about the students who had relationships and relied on the support of these teachers?
It takes a village to raise a child and a school is a perfect example of that. There are so many people who impact a child's life in their school community. Removing all of these people at such a vulnerable time could make the aftermath of the sexual abuse scandal harder for students to cope with. At the same time, these children and this community deserve justice and the full cooperation of the school staff who knew the accused teachers best.
What do you think? Should the entire school staff have been removed from the school?
Related from Care2:
Another California Teacher Accused of Sexual Abuse
California Teachers Charged with Heinous Sexual Abuse Crimes Against Students
Teacher Naps, Student Gets Suspended
Photo credit: Photo by Marlith used under a Creative Commons license.


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NQ Mobile Inc. ("NQ Mobile" or the "Company") (NYSE: NQ), a leading global provider of mobile Internet services, today announced that the Company has completed the divestment of all of NQ Mobile's interest in the NationSky business for an aggregate consideration of US$80 million.
Forward Looking Statements
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About NQ Mobile
NQ Mobile Inc. (NYSE: NQ) is a leading global provider of consumer and enterprise mobile Internet services. NQ Mobile's portfolio of offerings includes mobile security and productivity, mobile search, mobile games & advertising applications for the consumer market and consulting, mobile platforms, and mobility management services for the enterprise market. NQ Mobile maintains dual headquarters in Dallas, Texas, USA and Beijing, China. For more information on NQ Mobile, please visit http://www.nq.com.
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A rock slide two kilometres north of Summerland, in B.C.'s Okanagan, that temporarily closed Highway 97 for about an hour over the noon hour Sunday caused major traffic delays for hours.
The highway reopened to single lane alternating traffic about an hour after the slide, but it was extremely slow going and there were long line-ups.
B.C. Ambulance Operations Manager Mark King said falling rocks hit a car causing the airbags in the vehicle to deploy.
"There was no one trapped," he said. "No one was actually pinned in the vehicle. We took two patients from the single vehicle to the Penticton Hospital on a routine basis with minor injuries."
The online Okanagan website Castanet.net was reporting a female passenger in the vehicle suffered head lacerations.


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More entertaining than humanly possible! The Mayfair Kids Club is excited to present the FREE FOR KIDS monthly screening of family friendly modern classics and cult favourites! This month, do not miss a very special matinee screening of The Muppet Movie on Sunday July 23rd! This masterpiece will likely soon be locked away forever into the Disney Vault, meaning that this very well could be your last chance to ever catch the original Muppet movie masterpiece on the big screen!
Kids can get an annual membership for just $10, and then join us once a month at a special movie event. Plus, cartoon surprises on screen before the feature presentation, and prizes at every event! If that's not enough, kids also get a FREE small popcorn & drink on their first Kids Club visit! *Grown-up's are welcome too, at normal admission prices of $6 members, $7 seniors, $10 non-members 🙂


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Women and war - An overview
30-09-2000 Article, International Review of the Red Cross, No. 839, by Charlotte Lindsey
This article aims to draw attention to the multifaceted ways in which women experience armed conflict and, to a limited extent, to some of the activities of the International Committee of the Red Cross to assist and protect women.
Charlotte Lindsey is responsible for the ICRC's Project on Women and War. As a delegate she carried out missions in many parts of the world. Prior to joining the ICRC, she worked for the British Red Cross.
Women as members of the civilian population
Sexual violence in armed conflict
Missing persons and widowhood
Displaced women
Women in detention
The protection of women in international humanitarian law
Honour in international humanitarian law
Recent ICRC initiatives
Frequently today's conflicts are internal — fought within a country between different ethnic or political groups of the same " nationality " — rather than international, fought between countries and across borders. This has led to the civilian population becoming increasingly " caught up " in the conflict and/or targeted by the parties to the armed conflict as part of a deliberate strategy. War at home rather than abroad has had a major impact on women as members of the civilian population. Furthermore, women are increasingly taking up arms as members of the armed forces.
Much attention has been given in the past few years in academic debate and the media to sexual violence, particularly rape, inflicted upon women and girls during war, as well as the protection afforded to women under intern ational humanitarian law. As conflicts have illustrated — and the media have reported — this attention is fully justified. However, it has tended to be confined to sexual violence and less attention focused on the other issues of the impact of armed conflict on women. This article aims to draw attention to the multifaceted ways in which women experience armed conflict and, to a limited extent, to some of the activities of the International Committee of the Red Cross to assist and protect women.
Women taking part in hostilities
Women have tended to be classified within a single category " women and children " , and as " vulnerable " . Yet women are not necessarily vulnerable and certainly have needs, experiences and roles in war that differ from those of children (although it must be stated that in many conflicts children are coerced into taking on adult roles). Women are actively engaging in many armed conflicts around the world and have played a part in wars throughout history.
It was the Second World War that highlighted their role primarily in reservist or support units (including work in munitions factories) in the German and British forces and, in the case of the Soviet Union, their direct participation in the fighting as members of all services and units " constituting 8% of the total armed forces " . [1 ]
Since then, women have assumed a much greater role and are more frequently joining the armed forces, voluntarily and involuntarily, performing both support and combatant roles. To give a few examples, in the United States military, " overall, 14% of active duty personnel are women " , and of the US forces who served in the 1990-1991 Gulf War, 40,000 were women. [2 ] It is estimated that a fifth of the Eritrean armed forces are female [3 ] and up to a third of the fighting forces of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) involved in the civil war in Sri Lanka are women. [4 ] The role of the female " suicide bombers " of the LTTE has also underscored the horrifying extent to which women are prepared to take action in that ongoing conflict. Ironically, much of their " success " in hitting targets can be attributed to the fact that as women they can often get closer to their objective — possibly due to a perception that they are more vulnerable and therefore less likely to carry out such attacks. " For many reasons, women are the preferred choice of secular groups when it comes to infiltration and strike missions. First, women are less suspicious. Second, in the conservative societies of the Middle East and South Asia, there is a hesitation to body search a woman. Third, women can wear a suicide device beneath her clothes and appear pregnant. " [5 ] Women are as capable as men of perpetrating extreme violence.
Women are also " actively " supporting their menfolk in military operations — not by taking up arms but by providing them with the moral support needed to wage war. Data collected in the course of the ICRC's " People on War " survey [6 ] exemplify this, as for example an elder and religious leader in Somalia said: " I believe that those civilians and fighters belong to one family group, once the civilians are going with the fighters — doing things like cooking, treating them, and any other necessary thing... Whatever happens to the civilians is up to them. If they collaborate with the fighters, then what happens is up to them. " And it is not just Somalis that responded in this way, as one young man in Abkhaziastated: " Somebody can hold a submachine gun and somebody only a ladle. But it doesn't mean a cook is less responsible than a soldier. "
Furthermore, there are women endangered because of their presence amongst the armed forces but who are there completely against their will — abducted for sex or to cook and clean in the camp. During the period of their abduction — and often after — these women and girls can be in considerable danger from attack by the opposing forces as well as their abductors. The best known and wide-scale example of such abductions was that of the so-called " comfort women " in the Far East during the Second World War — a term which in no way encompasses the horrific nature of the ordeal to which these women were subjected during their detention by the Japanese military. In recent years, women and girls have also reportedly been abducted by the armed groups in other countries, such as Uganda.
Women have furthermore been under suspicion and targeted for the suspected or actual role of their menfolk, in order to get to the absent man by intimidating and attacking the woman.
Despite these examples of voluntary and involuntary participation of women in armed conflict as combatants and in support roles, some countries and cultures refuse the participation of women in combat roles in the armed forces. The majority of women experience the effects of armed conflict as part of the civilian population.
Women as members of the civilian population
As members of the civilian population, women and girls — like men and boys — are subjected to innumerable acts of violence during situations of armed conflict. They often suffer the direct or indirect effects of the fighting, enduring indiscriminate bombing and attacks as well as a lack of food and other essentials needed fo r a healthy survival. Women invariably have to bear greater responsibility for their children and their elderly relatives — and often the wider community — when the men in the family have left to fight, are interned or detained, missing or dead, internally displaced or in exile. The very fact that many of the menfolk are absent often heightens the insecurity and danger for the women and children left behind, and exacerbates the breakdown of the traditional support mechanisms upon which the community — especially women — have previously relied. Increased insecurity and fear of attack often cause women and children to flee, and it is common knowledge that women and children constitute the majority of the world's refugees. But what of the women who do not flee?
Ironically, many women often do not flee the fighting — or the threat of hostilities — because they and their families believe that the very fact that they are women (often with children) will afford them a greater measure of protection from the warring parties. They believe their gender — their socially constructed role — will protect them. Therefore, women often stay to protect the family's property and livelihood; to care for the elderly, young and sick family members who cannot flee as they are less mobile; to keep their children in school (as education is such an important factor for many families and their future); to visit and support family members in detention; to search for their missing family members; and even to assess the level of insecurity and danger in order to decide whether it is safe for the displaced family members to return. In fact, this perceived protection — that as a woman you will be safe — is often not the reality. On the contrary, women have been targeted precisely because they are women. The ICRC assisted, for example, large numbers of mostly elderly and frail women left behind in the former United Nations Protected Areas in Croatia (UNPAs, frequently referred to as the " Krajinas " ). They ha d been left by their fleeing family members to protect the property and/or could not or would not leave their homes. Even these elderly — and often bedridden — women were not free from harassment and attack.
Women are often under direct threat from indiscriminate attack due to the proximity of the fighting. They have also been forced to harbour and feed soldiers, thus being exposed to the risk of reprisals by the opposing forces and placed in difficult and inappropriate situations: another mouth to feed on scant resources, and the personal safety of the woman and her children threatened. As one peasant woman in El Salvador eloquently stated in the " People on War " survey, " [it ] was terrible, because if you didn't sell tortillas to the guerrillas, they got mad, and if you didn't sell to the soldiers, they got mad, so you had to collaborate with both sides. " [7 ]
Owing to the proximity of the fighting and/or the presence of the armed forces, women invariably have to restrict their movements; this severely limits their access to supplies of water, food, and medical assistance and their ability to tend their animals and crops, to exchange news and information and to seek community or family support.
Limited access to medical assistance can have an enormous impact on women, especially for reproductive and material health. Childbirth complications, arguably more likely in the stressful conditions of war, can lead to increased child and maternal mortality or sicknesses.
Women are all too often harassed, intimidated and attacked in their homes, while moving around their village and its environs and when passing checkpoints. A lack of identity documents — a problem experienced by many women who have lost, were previously never issued with or did not feel the need to have documentation in their own right — severely affects the personal security and freedom of movement of women, increas ing their risk of abuse, including sexual violence.
Sexual violence in armed conflict
The conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina brought world recognition for the issue of the rape of women as a means of warfare. The world was horrified to hear accounts of women held in order to rape and to impregnate them.
Rape, forced prostitution, sexual slavery and forced impregnation are violations of international humanitarian law and are now an undisputed part of the vocabulary of war. Not that they are " new " crimes. Who didn't learn in their history lessons of marauding armies entering the conquered towns on a rampage of " looting and raping " ? [8 ] But few of us were probably taught that " rape " was a crime and can never be justified as a means of warfare or show of power, as a reward for the victorious army or as a lesson for the vanquished unable to protect their womenfolk.
In many conflicts women have been systematically targeted for sexual violence — sometimes with the broader political objective of ethnically cleansing an area or destroying a people. From Bangladesh to former Yugoslavia, from Berlin in World War II to Nanking under Japanese occupation, from Vietnam to Mozambique, from Afghanistan to Somalia, women and girls have been the victims of sexual violence in armed conflict (this is also true for men and boys, although even less is known about the extent of this problem).
It is not possible to give anything but estimates as to the number of victims of sexual violence (female or male, adult or child), as not all victims survive, and the majority of victims will never report the violation against them. Reliable statistics are not easy to ob tain, and those available are often based on the numbers of victims seeking medical help for pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases or termination of pregnancy. The numbers of women seeking such assistance often become the basis upon which statistics are extrapolated. However, many women are generally too afraid to speak of their experiences for the very real fear of ostracism or retaliation by their family or community. Many also believe that no one can help them now that they have been violated. Moreover, the worst atrocities against the civilian and detainee populations (groups which are expressly protected under international humanitarian law) all too often occur when international organizations are not present to witness the violations, as was recently the case in Kosovo (during the period of the NATO air strikes), in Chechnya during the Russian military campaign, in rural areas of Sierra Leone and in numerous other conflicts around the world. Whilst recognizing that statistics on the numbers of victims of a crime like rape are invaluable in order to ensure effective support and assistance (the right help in the right places), statistics should not become the main issue. One person raped is one too many.
Sexual violence is a particularly brutal act against its victim. During the " People on War " survey undertaken by the ICRC in countries which had been or are still at war, one in nine of all respondents reported that they knew somebody who had been raped, and nearly as many reported that they knew somebody who had been sexually assaulted. [9 ] This is shocking. States have a duty to ensure the protection of and respect for all civilians and persons no longer taking part in hostilities.
The ICRC has long considered sexual violence as a war crime and a serious violation of international humanitarian law. [10 ] At the 27th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent (Geneva, 1999), the ICRC expressed once more its concern at th e occurrence of sexual violence in armed conflict and pledged to States and the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement that it would place specific focus on making known to parties to armed conflicts the protection accorded to women by international humanitarian law, with emphasis on the issue of sexual violence. [11 ] The full implementation of international humanitarian law must become a reality, and the prime responsibility for achieving this rests with the parties to an armed conflict. They must observe the rules and take necessary action so that sexual violence does not occur, and they must bring the perpetrators to justice if such crimes are committed.
It is important to note the significant work of the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda, both of which have prosecuted and convicted perpetrators of sexual violence against women. In addition, the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) also explicitly mentions sexual violence as a war crime. [12 ] These are significant developments in the battle against impunity.
Missing persons and widowhood
The conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-95) put the plight of women and the survivors of sexual violence onto the world agenda. Besides sexual violence, this war (like many others before and since) was characterized by the separation of men from women and children — both a voluntary and involuntary separation. Men took up fighting roles, fled to third countries and safe areas, or were rounded up and detained and/or killed in large numbers. Often women stayed to try to find out the fate and whereabouts of their male relatives, or to protect their property, initially believing that the war would not be long and that they would be sp ared. However, all sides in this conflict failed to protect and spare the lives of civilian men, women and children. Although the majority of the dead or missing were men (and mostly men of military age, even though many were not part of the armed forces), women were also killed or are still unaccounted for. There are still 18,292 persons, [13 ] reported by their families to the ICRC, considered missing long after the end of the conflict. Of these, 91.7% are men and 8.1% are women.
The very fact that many women survive conflicts in which their menfolk have died or disappear has enormous implications. The wars in the former Yugoslavia and the genocide in Rwanda have highlighted the plight of widows and women desperately trying to ascertain the fate of their loved ones. The survivors of those wars — and others throughout the world — are now struggling to cope not only with the difficulty of providing an immediate livelihood or means of survival for themselves and their family, but also with the additional trauma and uncertainty of not knowing what will happen to them in the absence of their menfolk. Widows and relatives of missing men — fathers, sons and husbands — may well be left without any entitlement to land, homes and inheritances, social assistance and pensions, or even the right to sign contracts. They and their children can be subjected to violence and ostracism as a result of their status. [14 ]
All over the world, tens of thousands of women are searching for news about the fate of missing relatives, and this search often goes on years after a conflict has ended. The inability to mourn and bury their loved ones has an enormous impact on the survivors and the coping mechanisms they adopt. Humanitarian law recognizes the need and right of families to obtain such information. The ICRC endeavours to find out about persons missing in relation to armed conflicts through the Red Cross family news network, visits to places of detention, enquiries in respon se to tracing requests and representations to the warring parties to clarify their fate. But all too frequently, parties to an armed conflict do not do enough in that regard, thereby prolonging the agony of war long after the fighting has ended. As one mother, whose son has been missing since 1991 as a result of the conflict in the former Yugoslavia, so tragically exclaimed: " There used to be a saying around here that the worst thing which can happen to someone is to bury their own child. It seems nowadays that there is something far worse — not knowing what happened to him at all. " [15 ]
Women everywhere are showing enormous courage and resilience as survivors and as heads of households — a role many of them had little or no preparation for and which is made more difficult by the social constraints often imposed on women. Many women have taken up this challenge and resolutely set aside their trauma in order to go on living for their children.
Displaced women
As previously stated, women and children make up the majority of the world's refugees and displaced persons Fleeing and living in displacement creates numerous problems for women around the world, and ironically often exposes women to enormous risks. Women generally flee taking few possessions with them and many become separated from family members. Displacement may well force women to become reliant on support from the local population in the area to which they are displaced, or on assistance from international and non-governmental organizations. They often have to travel long distances in their search for water, food, firewood, and for traditional foods and herbs for medicines for themselves and their families. During this search women frequently risk attack and injury from fighting, mines and unexploded ordnance, as well as sexual abuse, especially rape.
Women display tremendous strength and resourcefulness in the coping mechanisms they adopt in trying to ensure their own survival and that of their family. However, women in camps for displaced persons are frequently vulnerable, especially when they are the head of the household, widows, pregnant women, mothers with small children and elderly, for they have to shoulder all the daily responsibilities for survival which consume enormous amounts of time and energy. Furthermore, they may be overlooked by camp authorities and organizations providing assistance because in many cultures women are not in the public sphere and often do not have their own identity documents, and because the special needs of women have not been taken into account. For example, pregnant women need greater access to health services and larger food rations. Women with children are also particularly concerned about their children's education and often have to find the means to pay for clothes and books, then must cope with increased workloads if their children are at school.
Women in situations of displacement also invariably lack the privacy needed to maintain their personal hygiene and dignity. As they have to share living quarters, washing and toilet facilities with many people (and which are frequently easily accessible to men), many women are forced to choose between maintaining personal hygiene and maintaining their dignity and security.
For these reasons, women need to be actively included in the planning, implementation and evaluation of activities carried out and assistance distributed.
The ICRC assisted almost five million persons displaced by armed conflict in 1999. In the year 2000, it is working to protect and assist internally displaced persons in 31 countries throughout the world. In many of these countries, women h ave been specifically consulted by the ICRC as to what assistance should be distributed to whom, for example, to find out what would best meet the needs of households headed by women.
Women in detention
Women are also detained as a result of conflict, often in worse conditions than men. This is primarily due to the fact that the majority of detainees are men, and there are few prisons or places of detention solely for women. In many cases women detainees are consequently housed in the men's prison and, since they are fewer in number, their section is usually the smallest and lacks adequate sanitary and other facilities.
The existence of a separate prison for women can also lead to problems. As women generally constitute only a minority of detainees, few prisons are built specifically for them. This means that the nearest women's prison may be situated far from their home, and that by being sent there they are separated from their family and the support that families provide.
People in detention often rely heavily on their relatives to visit them and bring additional food and other items (medicines, clothes, toiletries, etc.). Women often suffer from a lack of family visits and therefore their family's support. There are many reasons for this: the remoteness of the place of detention, insecurity for visitors, relatives unwilling or unable (because they are displaced, have disappeared or are missing) to come, or lack of money to pay the travel costs.
Furthermore, women detainees often have the added concern of their children's well-being, either because young children are detained with them and are being raised in difficult conditions or because they have been separa ted from their children and are uncertain as to who is raising them and how. Even where a family member has taken over responsibility for the children, this enforced separation can be very difficult for women to bear.
Women also have specific needs which they find it hard to meet in detention. For instance, women and girls of menstruating age often have problems in obtaining suitable sanitary protection, regular access to sanitary facilities (toilets and washing areas) and appropriate clothing to deal with their menstruation in a manner that preserves their health and dignity.
Both men and women are often subjected to maltreatment, including sexual violence, whilst in detention. For women, there is a serious risk of pregnancy and gynaecological problems, and fear of the consequences these may have both for their life in detention and after their release, when they return to their families and communities.
In 1999, the ICRC visited more than 225,000 detainees around the world, including some 6,300 women and more than 450 girls under 18 years of age. The majority of these women and girls were detained in relation to an armed conflict or situation of political violence. As a general rule, the ICRC registers persons detained in relation to an armed conflict or other form of political violence, in particular prisoners of war, security detainees or civilian internees. It visits them (speaking to them in private without the presence of guards or authorities) to assess their conditions of detention and treatment. With the consent of the detaining authorities, it provides non-food assistance in the form of sanitary and hygienic requisites, such as sanitary protection for women, clothes, buckets, cooking pots and recreational items, as well as medical supplies (to the medical services).
The protection of women in international humanitarian law [16 ]
Ever since its inception, international humanitarian law has accorded women general protection equal to that of men. [17 ] At the same time the humanitarian law treaties recognize the need to give women special protection according to their specific needs. This protection is enshrined in the four Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims and their two Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977. The Conventions and Protocols protect women (and men) as members of the civilian population not taking part in an armed conflict. Women (and men) as members of the armed forces are also protected when captured by the enemy. Some of the key provisions of this law are outlined below.
The law of international armed conflicts
Women who have taken an active part in hostilities as combatants are entitled to the same protection as men when they have fallen into enemy hands. The Third Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War stipulates that prisoners of war shall be treated humanely at all times. Besides this general protection, women are also afforded special protection based on the principle outlined in Article 14, paragraph 2, that " women shall be treated with all the regard due to their sex " . This principle is followed through in a number of provisions which expressly refer to the conditions of detention for women in POW camps, e.g. the obligation to provide for separate dormitories for women and men [18 ] and for separate sanitary conveniences. [19 ] The principle of differentiated treatment for women also resulted in provisions relating to the separate confinement of women from men and the immediate supervision of women by women. [20 ]
Women (and men) who, as members of the civilian population, are taking no active part in hostilities are afforded protection under the Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War and under Additional Protocol I. Women are in general protected against abusive treatment by the parties to the armed conflict and also against the effects of the fighting. They are entitled to humane treatment, respect for their life and physical integrity, and to live free from torture, ill-treatment, exactions and harassment. In addition to this general protection, women are afforded special protection under the said Convention and Protocol I, which stipulate that " [women shall be especially protected against any attack on their honour, in particular against rape, enforced prostitution or any form of indecent assault " . [21 ]
International humanitarian law also lays down special provisions for pregnant women and mothers of small children (generally considered to be children under seven years of age). It stipulates that they shall " benefit by any preferential treatment to the same extent as the nationals of the State concerned " , [22 ] pregnant women and nursing mothers " shall be given additional food, in proportion to their physiological needs " , [23 ] pregnant women and mothers with dependent infants who are detained or interned should have their cases considered with the utmost priority, [24 ] and maternity cases must be " admitted to any institution where adequate treatment can be given " . [25 ]
Women are also protected, as members of the civilian population, against the effects of the hostilities, and there are rules which impose limits on the use of force. In the conduct of hostilities the parties to an armed conflict must " at all times distinguish between the civilian population and combatants and between civilian objects and military objectives and accordingly shall direct their operations only against military objectives " . [26 ]
The law on non-international armed conflicts
Women (and men) who take an active part in the hostilities in a non-international armed conflict do not have prisoner-of-war status when they fall into enemy hands. However, in such a case they are entitled to the fundamental guarantees afforded by Article 4 of Additional Protocol II relative to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts. Basically, they are entitled to the same protection as men, but they also have a right to special treatment.
Persons not taking part in such a conflict are protected by Article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions. While it contains no special provision on the protection of women, this rule establishes fundamental guarantees for the treatment of all persons not taking part in the hostilities. Furthermore, Additional Protocol II stipulates in general terms that " outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment, rape, enforced prostitution and any form of indecent assault " are forbidden. [27 ] Protocol II also provides for special treatment of women who are arrested, detained or interned in relation to the hostilities. In such cases, " except when men and women of a family are accommodated together, women shall be held in quarters separated from those of men and shall be under the immediate supervision of women " . [28 ]
Women as members of the civilian population are also protected against the effects of hostilities in non-international conflicts. Article 13 of Protocol II stipulates that " the civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack " .
Honour in international humanitarian law
Article 27 of the Fourth Convention uses the term " honour " when referring to the special protection conferred by international humanitarian law on women against attacks like " rape, enforced prostitution, or any form of indecent assault " . In recent years, some writers have voiced concern about the use of the word " honour " in relation to sexual violence, in that it fails to recognize the brutal nature of rape and uses instead a " value " term to define the interest to be protected rather than the woman herself, and for embodying the notion of women as property. [29 ]
The question of honour — a term which is also used in other articles of the Geneva Conventions and not only in those pertaining to women — demands more examination than can be done in such a general article, covering so many aspects of women and war. However, to briefly touch upon this issue, honour is a code by which many men and women are raised, define and lead their lives. Therefore, the concept of honour is much more complex than merely a " value " term. But to a certain extent the concerns outlined above are valid. It is unfortunate that the language used by States fifty years ago, when the Geneva Conventions were written, links violations of a sexual nature with a woman's honour. This could lead to the question whether it is the honour of the woman international humanitarian law wants to protect or whether it is the woman herself? The answer is clearly the latter.
If one looks at Article 27 as a whole it is clear that the law grants " protected persons, in all circumstances, respect for their persons (...) They shall at all times be humanely treated, and shall be protected especially against all acts of violence or threats thereof... This protection is conferred on both men and women, adult and child, and was intended to be as broad as possible encompassing all acts of violence and threats thereto. The second paragraph of this provision, referring to special protection for women, aims to strengthen this protection by highlighting sexual violence. However, linking sexual violence and honour has made it seem to some that this provision is less about a physical protection for women and more about a value judgement. Since the Geneva Conventions were drafted, law and language have evolved, as Article 76 of Additional Protocol I clearly shows. The 156 States parties to this Protocol [30 ] attest to its universality. Article 76 confers protection to women in the power of a party to the conflict (a broad field of application). It states that " [women shall be the object of special respect and shall be protected in particular against rape, forced prostitution and any other form of indecent assault. " There is no mention of the term " honour " .
In conclusion, the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols stipulate that women must be respected and protected against rape, enforced prostitution or any form of indecent assault. In order to strengthen their protection, it is this part of the law which must be emphasized, disseminated and enforced during situations of armed conflict. For its part, the ICRC has pledged that over the next four years it will focus its particular attention on this very issue. [31 ]
Recent ICRC initiatives
The ICRC initiated a study in 1998 to better identify the ways in which women are affected by armed conflicts, and to determine whether its own response could be improved. The study, which will be concluded this year, aims to: ( 1) identify the needs of women, including their access to basic goods and services such as food, water, shelter and health care; (2) draw up a realistic and comprehensive picture of ICRC activities in favour of women affected by armed conflict, and assess whether these activities adequately respond to the needs identified; and (3) examine international humanitarian law, in order to assess the extent to which it provides adequate coverage of the needs identified. Information has been provided by ICRC delegations around the world, as well as firsthand information provided by war-affected women themselves through the " People on War " survey, adding an invaluable dimension to the study. [32 ] The ICRC plans to present an initial draft of it to practitioners and experts later this year. On the basis of the study's fin dings, the ICRC will formulate guidelines to enhance the protection and assistance of women affected by armed conflict. This ICRC initiative was supported at the 27th International Red Cross and Red Crescent Conference, held in Geneva in 1999, by States party to the Geneva Conventions and by the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. [33 ]
Furthermore, the pledge made at the International Conference renewed the ICRC's commitment to the effective protection of women. [34 ] This pledge is intended not only to promote the respect to be accorded to women and girl children affected by armed conflict, but also to make sure that the specific needs of women and girls are appropriately assessed in the ICRC's own operations. ICRC delegations around the world have been instructed to focus increased attention upon the needs of women affected by armed conflict and to adapt where necessary the ICRC's activities and programmes to ensure that they are met.
This study, the planned guidelines and the pledge made by the ICRC are parts of a long-term commitment to better assist and protect women in armed conflict. The ICRC hopes that these initia tives will lead to more effective implementation in future of the protection conferred upon women by humanitarian law. However, the prime responsibility rests with the parties to an armed conflict, namely to observe the rules, and with States, namely to bring the perpetrators of violations of these rules to justice.
War, whether international or non-international, causes extreme suffering for those caught up in it. Women experience war in a multitude of ways — from taking an active part as combatants to being targeted as members of the civilian population specifically because they are women. But war for women is not just rape — fortunately many women do not experience this heinous violation; it is also separation, the loss of family members and the very means of existence, it is injury and deprivation. War forces women into previously unaccustomed roles and necessitates the development of new coping skills.
Today more than ever, States and parties to an armed conflict must do their utmost to uphold respect for the safety and dignity of women in wartime, and women themselves must be more closely involved in all the measures taken on their behalf. Every State bound by the treaties of international humanitarian law has the duty to promote the rules protecting women from any form of violence in war, and should crimes occur, to bring the perpetrators to justice. If women have to bear so many of the tragic effects of armed conflict, it is not primarily because of any shortcomings in the rules protecting them, but because these rules are all too often not observed. The general and specific protection to which women are entitled must become a reality. Constant efforts must be made to promote knowledge of and compliance w ith the obligations of international humanitarian law by as wide an audience as possible and using all available means. The responsibility for improving the plight of women in times of war must be shared by everyone.
1 See Françoise Krill, " The protection of women in international humanitarian law " , IRRC, No. 249, November-December 1985, pp. 337-363.
2 Greg Siegle, " Women critical to success of US all-volunteer force " , Jane's Defence Weekly, Vol. 31, No. 23, 23 June 1999.
3 David Hirst, " Ethiopia: Human waves fall as war aims unfold " , The Guardian, 18 May 1999.
4 Dexter Filkins, " Sri Lanka women at war " , Herald Tribune, 13 March 2000.
5 Dr Rohan Gunaratna, " Suicide terrorism: a global threat " , Jane's Intelligence Review, April 2000.
6 The People on War Report: ICRC worldwide consultation on the rules of war, ICRC, Geneva, 1999 (available on request from the ICRC, Geneva, website www.onwar.org). — To mark the 50th anniversary of the 1949 Geneva Conventions the ICRC launched a consultation in 17 countries, 12 of which were or had been at war, giving the general public a chance to express their opinions on war.
7 Supra note 6.
8 On rape in war see in general Susan Brownmiller, Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1975. — Note that " looting and raping " , one a property crime and the other a direct and violent attack on a person, are often linked together as violations in war.
9 Supra note 6.
10 See in particular: Statement before the Commission for Rights of Women, European Parliament, Brussels, 18 February 1993: " Le CICR a dénoncé la pratique du viol commis par toutes les parties au conflit, comme les autres exactions commises à l'encontre des civils. Le viol est considéré comme un crime de guerre et il est grand temps de trouver des solutions permettant de mettre un terme à ces pratiques inacceptables. " — Resolution 2 B of the 26th International Red Cross and Red Crescent Conference (Geneva, 1995): " [The Conference ] (a) expresses its outrage at practices of sexual violence in armed conflicts, in particular the use of rape as an instrument of terror, forced prostitution and any other form of indecent assault; ... (c) strongly condemns sexual violence, in particular rape, in the conduct of armed conflict as a war crime, and under certain circumstances a crime against humanity, and urges the establishment and strengthening of mechanisms to investigate, bring to justice and punish all those responsible. " — ICRC Update on the Aide-Memoire on rape committed during the armed conflict in ex-Yugoslavia, of 3 December 1992: " As never before in its history, the ICRC has spoken out forcefully against systematic and serious abuses committed against the civilian population in Bosnia- Herzegovina, such as... rape, internment, deportation, harassment of minority groups... " The act of rape is an extremely serious violation of international humanitarian law. Article 27, para. 2, of the Fourth Geneva Convention states: " Women shall be especially protected against any attack on thei r honour, in particular rape, enforced prostitution, or any form of indecent assault. "
11 This pledge was announced by the President of the ICRC at the 27th International Red Cross and Red Crescent Conference (Geneva, 1999). See ICRC web site www.icrc.org/eng/women
12 See the ICRC's submission to the Preparatory Commission for the ICC regarding the determination of the elements of crimes. On file with the ICRC.
13 In addition to these persons reported missing, the Bosnia-Herzegovina authorities believe that there are a further 10,000 persons unaccounted for.
14 See ICRC website for report on ICRC workshop on " widowhood and armed conflict " held in November 1999, Geneva.
15 Quoted from " The issue of missing persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia " , ICRC Special Report, 1998.
16 See in general Krill, op. cit. (note 1).
17 International humanitarian law is not the only body of law relevant to situations of armed conflict, human rights law is also applicable. These two bodies of law should not be seen as mutually exclusive, and their methods of implementation should be seen as complementary.
18 (Third) Geneva Con vention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, Art. 25(4).
19 Ibid., Art. 29(2).
20 Ibid., Arts 97 and 108, Additional Protocol I, Art. 75(5).
21 (Fourth) Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, Art. 27(2). See also Additional Protocol I, Arts 75 and 76.
22 Fourth Geneva Convention, Art. 38.
23 Ibid., Art. 89.
24 Additional Protocol I, Art. 76(2).
25 Fourth Geneva Convention, Art. 91 .
26 Additional Protocol I, Art. 48.
27 Additional Protocol II, Art. 4(2)(e).
28 Ibid., Art. 5(2)(a).
29 See in particular Catherine N. Niarchos, " Women, war and rape: challenges facing the International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia " , Human Rights Quarterly, Vol. 17, 1995, pp. 671-676, and Judith Gardam, " Women, human rights and international humanitarian law " , IRRC, No. 324, September 1998, pp. 421-432.
30 As at 15 May 2000.
31 The ICRC has committed itself for the next four years to inc rease its dissemination of knowledge of the protection which should be accorded to women and girl children, especially with regard to sexual violence, among parties to armed conflicts throughout the world. Supra note 11.
32 Supra note 6.
33 Resolution 1: Plan of Action for the years 2000-2003, 27th International Red Cross and Red Crescent Conference (Geneva, 1999).
34 Supra note 11.


text:
Could anyone blaspheme our national anthem any worse than Mariah Carey did at the Super Bowl? Ours is an anthem to be sung in stentorian tones to stir our spirits, not to leave us feeling that we have been subjected to vulgarity.
Furthermore, it is an anthem of the people, not a vehicle for public exposure of a pop singer's style. When I attended football games in my youth, the band played the anthem for all the fans to sing. We are deprived of that privilege now, so much so that few people seem to know the anthem's words these days.
Alas, since 11 September, "God Bless America," by the singing of which Kate Smith inspired our country during a minatory time for Europe, has been dragged through the same sewer. "America the Beautiful" is another victim of sleazy, breathy, orgasmic interpretation - the antithesis of music.
Just as some farmers are paid not to plant, perhaps certain performers should be paid not to sing. Enough is enough! Let's show the same respect for our patriotic songs as we do for our flag!
John B. d'Armand, D.M.A. (Doctor of Musical Arts)
Auke Bay
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text:
Mandy's eyes were wide. Did she get hurt? Would she die? Her heart beat fast and her breathing was getting harder. She was panicking. No Don't panick, Mandy. He won't hurt you; he won't hurt anyone, he won't hurt the animals. Oh my god, what if James walked in? Would he shoot James? Her faith was that James decided not to come back.. to abandon her, just once...
Mandy wanted to scream. Scream her lungs out, scream her heart out. She wanted to yell " HELP ME! ". But this man would shoot her... there were so many things she wanted to do that she could not.
The man was edging torwards the cash register. He slammed Mandy into the side of the wanted to scream, but she didn't. She only flinched. She felt hot gazes on her. "DON'T MOVE!" he said, his harsh voice meaning that he meant it.
She wanted to move. She wanted to run, she wanted to scream. Horrified, she sat there, afraid to move, afraid to speak, afraid to do anything but breathe. She kept her eyes on the man. He was wearing a dark jacket. His face wasn't visible and his eyes were a tough darker brown. He had a hoodie over his hair and a mask on his face so you couldn't see who he was. He had a voice... a voice like a P.E. teacher... so scary; so horrifying.
She shuttered and his brown gaze was on her, the gun pointed. He could sense if she had the softest movement; there was no way she was escaping.
"I SAID DON'T MOVE!" he said, and the whole room was silent. Then he pointed to Mrs. Hope. "Where's the Money?" he said, a lower voice and the gun pointed at her.
"The money? A-Animal Ark is a non profit organization... We-we only have a couple hundred do -" but he cocked the gun. "THEN WHERE'S THE COUPLE HUNDRED DOLLARS?" he said in a sterner voice.
"Cash register." she said blankly, and he stuffed the last of our money in his pockets. He bent over, no longer visible. He probably couldn't see me.
Mandy shuddered and moved her hands, to test it, and he didn't move. A door was opening behind her, but she couldn't hear the creak. James' scent filled the room, and Mandy knew he was here... to help. 'Leave, James, Leave,' she thought with a jolt. 'I don't want you to die, James.' A crowbar hit Mandy's side and she looked up desperately at the swift James. He was inching toward the man. His crowbar in his hand. 'No James!' she forced herself not to speak. Even a movement could send poor James to his death.
His eyes were slightly narrowed, and he ran, fast as she'd ever seen him, and the SLAM of a crowbar hit the man. "O- WHAT THE -" another slam interupted the mans speach. Only an inch more and James would have died... The slam was James hitting him with a crowbar. Everyone was all quiet. But Mandy was standing.
"J-James!" She said, and ran up to him and give him a almost-slow-motion hug. "Oh my god, James... you... you saved my life." she choked on her own tears, and realized she was sobbing.
James did not answer, but wrapped his arms around Mandy. "I saved all of your lives, Mandy..." but she wasn't listening. She kept hugging him... she would hug him until the police came. She would hug him until he ordered her to stop... In a swift movement, everyone was out of the room. Mandy and James were alone, behind the cash register, with a man at their footsteps. Mandy let her arms go and met eyes with James. They looked so loving... so sweet... so kind. She looked away when she noticed that she was staring. "W-We should probably call the cops..." she said lowly, but his eyes were trying to meet with hers again. "Already done," he said, not once out of focus.
"Th-" but she couldn't finish. As soon as their eyes met, directly in mid-sentence, James' lips met with hers.
And she kissed him... not just kissed him, but kissed him. For 47 seconds.
E n d


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2011-11-07 16:44
Los Angeles – Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson had to work out before shooting their Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn sex scene.
The real-life couple's alter egos, Bella Swan and Edward Cullen, get intimate in a scene in the final instalment in the vampire franchise and realised at the last minute that their fans wouldn't want to see them looking out of shape.
Kristen said: "I know I'm tiny and shit. I did On the Road right before Breaking Dawn and I definitely did hang out a little bit.
"Then when I was doing prep for Breaking Dawn, I suddenly realised, 'This is so not On the Road. People definitely want to see you looking trim'."
Wedding dress secrecy"Usually, we're all making fun of Taylor Lautner for working out so often, and then suddenly me and Rob were like, 'Shit' and running around the block while Taylor laughed at us."
Kristen also admitted she was put in "total lock down" so no one could catch a glimpse of her character's wedding dress in the final movie, but she can't wait for fans to see the scene.
She added in an interview with Britain's Glamour magazine: "I had to be so shrouded in secrecy the entire two days of filming. It was crazy. I was on full lockdown, as if I was wearing millions of dollars worth of diamonds, but it was just a dress.
"I think the dress is beautiful and I'm so excited for the wedding to be revealed. It was one of those moments you go, 'This is something to remember'. And you want to put yourself in the experience so it doesn't pass you by."


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