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For those who missed seeing it live, we've also uploaded a youtube video of our live demonstration of a regular bike being converted over to electric assist. We hope that this helps demystify the process for some considering their first kit purchase. It was a fun opportunity as the owner of the bike was at the show and could ride it away the next day.
Every person riding a bicycle, electric personal assistive mobility device, electric power-assisted bicycle, moped, or an animal or driving an animal on a highway shall be subject to the provisions of this chapter and shall have all of the rights and duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle, unless the context of the provision clearly indicates otherwise.
Did you know that electric bikes can be used for fitness training? Or that they have been scientifically proven to increase the amount of cycling people do? Or that they have proven health and fitness benefits? Well, it's all true! Apart from being tons of fun, ebikes can be used to improve health and fitness in many ways. Here are our top posts about how ebikes can improve your health and fitness.
By 1898 a rear wheel drive electric bicycle, which used a driving belt along the outside edge of the wheel was patented by Mathew J. Steffens. Also, the 1899 Template:US Patent by John Schnepf depicted a rear wheel friction "roller-wheel" style drive electric bicycle.[5] Schnepf's invention was later re-examined and expanded in 1969 by G.A. Wood Jr. with his Template:US Patent. Wood's device used 4 fractional horsepower motors; each rated less than ½ horsepower and connected through a series of gears.[6]
A human traveling on a bicycle at low to medium speeds of around 16–24 km/h (10–15 mph) uses only the power required to walk. Air drag, which is proportional to the square of speed, requires dramatically higher power outputs as speeds increase. If the rider is sitting upright, the rider's body creates about 75% of the total drag of the bicycle/rider combination. Drag can be reduced by seating the rider in a more aerodynamically streamlined position. Drag can also be reduced by covering the bicycle with an aerodynamic fairing. The fastest recorded unpaced speed on a flat surface is 144.18 km/h (89.59 mph)[41]
Federal law defines the limits of a low speed electric bike, equating it to a bicycle, and bypassing the definition of a motor vehicle only "For purposes of motor vehicle safety standards…" which means that the manufacturers of these bicycles don't have to meet federal equipment requirements, and are instead governed by the manufacturing requirements of the Consumer Product Safety Act. There is no mention of exemption from other federal, state, and local traffic laws, or exemption from the definition of a motor vehicle for other purposes.3 This means the law applies to the manufacturer's product and sale, avoiding federal safety requirements applying to a motor vehicle such as brake lights, turn signals and braking specifications. The goal of the law was to give businesses a legal framework to define and sell low speed electric bikes without the more stringent Federal classification of a motor vehicle. Ebikes that meet the criteria are considered a "bicycle", do not meet the definition of a motor vehicle, and will be regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The law also grants the commission authority to add safety requirements to this product. The Federal law supersedes all state laws that equate bicycles to ebikes where the state law is more stringent (lower limits) on power and speed.
Equipped with a powerful motor, a portable Li-ion Battery, and all the other magic that goes into building a LightSpeed Electric Bicycle… It's lighter than it looks, strong yet agile, and feels like flying.This beast is truly larger than life. To bring it home, you need a special invite. Follow this space for more information on how to get invited.
I have been able to find ebikes of all speeds out in the wild and after years of riding and a reflective posture for the law, I see that lawmakers were thinking less about me and my practical wants as the user, and more about the mass motor vehicle driving public, their perceptions and expectations of 'typical bicycle speeds' on the roads and paths. So the laws were made to bicycle NORMS, not the potential performance limits for users.
This upgraded model is the best scooter of this type that is currently available on the market. I have permanent mobility issues because of my left leg that do not allow me to walk any long distances. This scooter is allowing me to finally get out of the house to see and do some things again, even if that is just cruising around the neighborhood, but my main reason for purchasing it was so that I can go watch my granddaughters playing softball this spring, they are quite good.
However, each country is free to allow faster s-pedelecs if they go through collective or individual type approval. Typically, an S-Pedelec can be associated with "mofas" or "mopeds" or "light scooters". Germany has such a solution: S-pedelecs have max. 500W motors, max 45km/h, max 300% support, can drive up to 20Km/h without pedalling, plus other constraints regarding security, and are associated with Mopeds. In the City you can't use bicycles paths, but you can in the country side.
The Ohio Revised Code 4511.01 [121] distinguishes motorized bicycles and mopeds from motorcycles or scooters by describing them as "...any vehicle having either two tandem wheels or one wheel in the front and two wheels in the rear, that is capable of being pedaled and is equipped with a helper motor of not more than fifty cubic centimeters piston displacement that produces no more than one brake horsepower and is capable of propelling the vehicle at a speed of no greater than twenty miles per hour on a level surface." One brake horsepower converts to 0.75 kW, or (rounded) 750W. Thus, a bicycle with an electric helper motor operating under 750W, and not propelling the bicycle over 20 mph, does not qualify to be registered under Ohio state law. Local jurisdictions may have other regulations.
As electric bike options continue to expand, more brands are integrating the battery more seamlessly. That makes them look sleeker (and more like a real bike). Batteries are expensive, so make sure there's a good way to lock the battery to your bike if you'll be keeping it outside. Overall weight is important. Some battery and motors can add 15 pounds or more to the bike. With assist, you won't feel that much when you're riding, but you will if you have to carry your bike up stairs or lift it onto a bike rack.
Battery-electric locomotive Battery electric vehicle Cater MetroTrolley Electric aircraft Electric bicycle Pedelec Electric boat Electric bus Battery electric bus Electric car List Electric truck Electric platform truck Electric vehicle Electric motorcycles and scooters Electric kick scooter Gyro flywheel locomotive Hybrid electric vehicle Hybrid train Motorized bicycle Neighborhood Electric Vehicle Plug-in electric vehicle List Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle Solar vehicle Solar car Solar bus
Historically, materials used in bicycles have followed a similar pattern as in aircraft, the goal being high strength and low weight. Since the late 1930s alloy steels have been used for frame and fork tubes in higher quality machines. By the 1980s aluminum welding techniques had improved to the point that aluminum tube could safely be used in place of steel. Since then aluminum alloy frames and other components have become popular due to their light weight, and most mid-range bikes are now principally aluminum alloy of some kind.[where?] More expensive bikes use carbon fibre due to its significantly lighter weight and profiling ability, allowing designers to make a bike both stiff and compliant by manipulating the lay-up. Virtually all professional racing bicycles now use carbon fibre frames, as they have the best strength to weight ratio. A typical modern carbon fiber frame can weighs less than 1 kilogram (2.2 lb).
A "class 1 electric bicycle," or "low-speed pedal-assisted electric bicycle," is a bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour. (2) A "class 2 electric bicycle," or "low-speed throttle-assisted electric bicycle," is a bicycle equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle, and that is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour. A "class 3 electric bicycle," or "speed pedal-assisted electric bicycle," is a bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, (no throttle) and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per hour, and equipped with a speedometer. Local government ordinances are allowed to permit or ban any class of electric bicycles on dedicated bicycle paths and trails, with Class 1 & 2 permitted, and Class 3 banned, by default.
Both the Stromer and the Stoeckli are very nice looking designs and easy to handle. Reliability for both does not seem to be up to Swiss standards, e.g. some of the 2012 Stöcklis seem to have bad contacts. However, as of 2013, most of these problems should be fixed. The Cube got criticized for its battery/saddle system, but this has probably been fixed in more recent edition and it has less "punch" then the other's since the motor is smaller (324W?). I don't know about the BH Neo Nitro. Given the relatively low price of the BH Nitro, it may be the best buy in this category if you plan to cover smaller distances (the battery is limited to 9Ah, and Spain's industry does need some help ;) Anyhow, all of these models come with a variety of motors and country-specific modifications. E.g. in France, the BH Nitro comes with a 350W motor and is electronically limited to 25km/h, whereas in Switzerland you either can get a 500W - 45 km/h version or a 250W? - 25km/h version.
Included in this shipment are the much awaited 3540 motors with their slick "UFO" design. These are the replacements for the older square style "H" motors, you may have noticed that this change was implemented last year with the 3525 front and rear motors. As always, we have the motors customized with a 10K NTC thermistor for thermal rollback using the CA3.
Our hope is that this plug will become to motors in the 500-1500 watt power range what the 9pin Z910 became for the low power geared motors, with all motor manufacturers agreeing to the same pinout standard for easy swapping and interchangeability . We have an L10 version of the Phaserunner motor controller available now and will soon be expanding this to a Grinfineon offering as well.
The environmental effects involved in recharging the batteries can of course be reduced. The small size of the battery pack on an e-bike, relative to the larger pack used in an electric car, makes them very good candidates for charging via solar power or other renewable energy resources. Sanyo capitalized on this benefit when it set up "solar parking lots", in which e-bike riders can charge their vehicles while parked under photovoltaic panels.[66]
Urban riding will never be the same, and cars will be in your way when you climb aboard the Specialized Turbo Vado 3.0. The zippy 28mph pedal-assist motor will leave you feeling invincible as you're ripping along in turbo mode (which adds up to 320 percent of your power output). Although designed with female riders in mind—it comes with a women-specific saddle and grips, and a lower standover—the step-through frame is extremely convenient for anyone who doesn't want to swing their leg over the back of a saddle while wearing street clothes. Slick, integrated lights, as well as fenders and a rear rack, add to the already-awesome features of this bike to make it the ideal combination of value, performance, and pep.
On the other hand, the battery doesn't lock into the bike, which means you can't just leave it on your bike when you park at the bike rack. Anyone could walk by and simply remove your battery. That seems like an oversight to me, though perhaps the designers assumed that such a small battery would just be easy to take with you. And it is. My wife could probably lose this battery in her purse.
There are a variety of gadgets in the market for a hunter. These gadgets have made the hunting experience a lot easier and better. However, not everyone requires everything available in the market. It's from your experience you learn what is best for you. Let's look at some important gadgets you may want to have on your next hunting trip. Electric Hunting Bikes Electric hunting bikes are a better bet than the dirt bikes or ATV's. It makes lesser noise than the other modes of transport so you don't spook the wildlife. You can carry your gadgets and hunting...
The Shift S1 isn't going to blow anyone away with amazing performance, but it is peppy enough to have a lot of fun on. And if you mostly travel by rideshares like Uber or scootershares like Bird, you can probably pay for the S1 after just a few months of cutting out app-based transportation. It's hard to ask for too much more from such an inexpensive e-bike.
October 5, 2009 — Ontario is bringing in some new safety requirements for electric bikes. E-bikes, which can reach a speed of 32 kilometres per hour, are allowed to share the road with cars, pedestrians and other traffic throughout the province. The new rules limit the maximum weight of an e-bike to 120 kilograms, require a maximum braking distance of nine metres and prohibit any modifications to the bike's motor that would create speeds greater than 32 kilometres per hour. Also, riders must be at least 16 years of age, wear approved bicycle or motorcycle helmets and follow the same traffic laws as bicyclists. Municipalities will be able to decide where e-bikes may be used on their streets, bike lanes and trails. E-bikes will not be permitted on 400-series highways, expressways or other areas where bicycles are not allowed. Riding an e-bike under the age of 16 or riding an e-bike without an approved helmet carries fines ranging from $60 to $500. For all other traffic offences, e-bike riders will be subject to the same penalties as cyclists.
In Opinion No. 2007-00602 of the Attorney General, Jim Hood clarified that a "bicycle with a motor attached" does not satisfy the definition of "motor vehicle" under Section 63-3-103. He stated that it is up to the authority creating the bike lane to determine if a bicycle with a motor attached can be ridden in bike lanes. No specifications about the motor were made.
What's the Centros like? Big and heavy, but with enough power to overcome that, it really reminded me of a more upmarket Volt Pulse. You do tend to find that the weightier e-bikes give more of a feeling of speed, even though you're only doing 20mph or so at the absolute most (only up to 15mph with electrical assistance so you'll need leg muscles or a downward incline to get to that outlandish velocity).
While the first functional battery was developed in the year 1800 by Italian physicist Alessandro Volta, a practical battery would not be seen for several decades yet. By the end of the 19th century, practical and portable batteries were more widely available, this finally freeing the electric motor to be used in a wide new array of applications. It might come as a surprise, but the electric motor, battery, and a bicycle were first paired as far back as the 1890s. It would be approximately 100 years later that electric bicycle development finally entered the mainstream, but the technology and concept behind the electric bike were all in place generations ago.
Battery-electric locomotive Battery electric vehicle Cater MetroTrolley Electric aircraft Electric bicycle Pedelec Electric boat Electric bus Battery electric bus Electric car List Electric truck Electric platform truck Electric vehicle Electric motorcycles and scooters Electric kick scooter Gyro flywheel locomotive Hybrid electric vehicle Hybrid train Motorized bicycle Neighborhood Electric Vehicle Plug-in electric vehicle List Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle Solar vehicle Solar car Solar bus
A KS LEV Integra dropper post, 130mm of front and rear travel, 27.5-inch wheels, and trail-grabbing 2.8-inch tires make this pedal-assist mountain bike a great option if you want to climb farther to shred longer, but don't want to lug your bike uphill for ages. The 250-watt motor, placed slightly farther forward than most other bikes to optimize weight distribution and handling, provides a nice boost so you can enjoy the ride up and not be too gassed when you get to the top.
To operate the bike, you have to pedal for a second or so before the thumb throttle becomes active. This is often a cost and energy-saving measure designed into electric bicycles and scooters. Being able to start the motor from rest requires extra sensors and higher battery power. Starting the motor while it is in motion removes the need to install extra sensors in the motor (and thus removes one more possible failure or maintenance issue) and also eeks more range out of the battery by putting the energy intensive initial startup responsibility solely on the rider.
Besides voltage, batteries are rated by amp hours (AH). Although voltage seems to get the most attention, the amp hour rating of the battery is just as important. It is the measure of a battery's capacity and provides a good indication of the range you can expect from an electric bike. Although lots of factors come into play in determining range (ie: rider weight, terrain, input, efficiency, etc.), a good rule of thumb is range is equal to AH. So under normal conditions, an average rider can expect 10 miles out of a 10AH battery (with no pedaling). With rider input, this number can be dramatically increased, so most 10AH batteries are rated "up to 20 miles" by the manufacturer which assumes pedaling. On pedal-assist bikes (which require pedaling), the range ratings are much higher because the rider is constantly assisting the motor and reducing the current draw.
Chart: Electric bicycles are rapidly becoming popular. This chart shows the growth in sales of what the manufacturers refer to as "electric power-assisted cycles (EPACs)" in European countries over the last decade. Over 1.6 million electric bikes were sold in Europe in 2016 alone, which is about 7 percent of total European bicycle sales. What this chart doesn't reveal is that the bikes are much more popular in some countries than others: four countries accounted for 70 percent of all the sales (Germany, 36 percent; the Netherlands, 16 percent; Belgium, 10 percent; and France 8 percent). Data sourced from the report "European Bicycle Market: 2017", courtesy of CONEBI (Confederation of the European Bicycle Industry). These are the newest figures available at the time this article was last updated (September 2018).
If you are an experienced rider this is actually annoying as hell. Personally, I tend to leave whatever I'm riding in a high gear all the time, because my body is like a powerful machine, and I found the way it slowed my escape from the lights quite disconcerting. For beginners, it could be useful, but it's worth remembering that the whole point of e-bikes is that the motor helps you along anyway, so I do really question the usefulness of this.
The bicycle is also used for recreational purposes, such as bicycle touring, mountain biking, physical fitness, and play. Bicycle competition includes racing, BMX racing, track racing, criterium, roller racing, sportives and time trials. Major multi-stage professional events are the Giro d'Italia, the Tour de France, the Vuelta a España, the Tour de Pologne, and the Volta a Portugal.
I discovered these downsides when, on my third day with the bike, I got a flat tire and had to carry it onto the subway with me for those last few miles back to my apartment. The cause of the flat is unknown; the bike mechanic who eventually fixed it didn't see anything wrong with the rims. But the experience of trying to maneuver an almost 40 pound e-bike on and off a crowded subway car during rush-hour is not one I can recommend.
I found that by sticking it on 'Turbo' or 'Sport' mode (the upper 2 of the 4 electrical assistance levels) and leaving it in a middle gear, the Centros felt zippy when in full flight, but able to pull away from the lights with no problems. Less lazy riders than me might want to actually use the 10 gears, and will find that in the top gear, it's quite easy to push past the mandated 15.5mph electrical limit.
(15.5) "Electric assisted bicycle" means a device with two or three wheels which has a saddle and fully operative pedals for human propulsion and also has an electric motor. For such a device to be considered an electric assisted bicycle, it shall meet the requirements of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, as set forth in 49 C.F.R. Section 571, et seq., and shall operate in such a manner that the electric motor disengages or ceases to function when the brakes are applied. The electric motor in an electric assisted bicycle shall:
Electric bicycles are considered as "bicycles" under Montana law as the law defines bicycles in a two part definition where the first part of the definition describes a conventional bicycle propelled solely by human power and the second part of the definition describes a bicycle equipped with an independent power source for propulsion in addition to foot pedals to permit muscular propulsion. (Montana Code 61-8-102).[104]
Electric bikes are considered motorcycles in Hong Kong, and therefore need type approval from the Transport Department, just as automobiles. All electric bikes available in Hong Kong fail to meet the type approval requirement, and the Transport Department has never granted any type approval for an electric bike, making all electric bikes effectively illegal in Hong Kong. Even if they got type approval, the driver would need a motorcycle driving license to ride.[35] As a side note, Hong Kong doesn't have a moped vehicle class (and therefore no moped driving license), and mopeds are considered motorcycles too.
This is a cool eBike fits in your car's trunk or back seat! It's well made. And it only has one rear disc brake, you dont really need the front brake. It's simple to operate and fun to use - just put one foot on one foot attachment while turning the throttle slightly, then as soon as you start to move add the other foot...and let the joy ride begin!
Further innovations increased comfort and ushered in a second bicycle craze, the 1890s Golden Age of Bicycles. In 1888, Scotsman John Boyd Dunlop introduced the first practical pneumatic tire, which soon became universal. Willie Hume demonstrated the supremacy of Dunlop's tyres in 1889, winning the tyre's first-ever races in Ireland and then England.[28][29] Soon after, the rear freewheel was developed, enabling the rider to coast. This refinement led to the 1890s invention[30] of coaster brakes. Dérailleur gears and hand-operated Bowden cable-pull brakes were also developed during these years, but were only slowly adopted by casual riders.
The Footloose has no chain, however -- it's entirely electrically driven. It takes very little effort to get to your destination, meaning you arrive at work without having broken a sweat. The downside is that when you run out of power, you're not going anywhere. And pedalling from a standstill, waiting for the motor to kick in, is an odd sensation that takes some getting used to.
Under the statute, mopeds must be registered. To be registered under Hawaii law a moped must bear a certification label from the manufacturer stating that it complies with federal motor vehicle safety standards (FMVSS). A moped must also possess the following equipment approved by the D.O.T. under Chapter 91: approved braking, fuel, and exhaust system components; approved steering system and handlebars; wheel rims; fenders; a guard or protective covering for drive belts, chains and rotating components; seat or saddle; lamps and reflectors; equipment controls; speedometer; retracting support stand; horn; and identification markings.
The newest entrant in this lower price category is Wing Bikes, a New York City-based company that launched in 2018. Wing wants to be the affordable e-bike for city residents who are sick of shady ride-hailing services and stalled subways. And if you don't live in a city, that's fine too: Wing's e-bikes could be a realistic alternative to owning a car.
Great bike. Easy to assemble by yourself but if you have a rack let pros do it. No charge for that. Contacted the Addmotor people a few times and they got back quickly even on weekends. Great service. Bike is solid as a rock and excellent components. Only drawback is lack of fenders which I hope someone can manufacture. I would buy again in a nano second!
In the Netherlands all train stations offer free bicycle parking, or a more secure parking place for a small fee, with the larger stations also offering bicycle repair shops. Cycling is so popular that the parking capacity may be exceeded, while in some places such as Delft the capacity is usually exceeded.[64] In Trondheim in Norway, the Trampe bicycle lift has been developed to encourage cyclists by giving assistance on a steep hill. Buses in many cities have bicycle carriers mounted on the front.
First off we want to apologize for the longer than normal response time and email backlog as much of our team was busy both in the preparation and attendance at the Taipei Cycle Show this past week. We'll be working hard to catch up on that in the coming days and thank your patience and understanding. To all the dealers, vendors, manufacturers, component partners, and general industry friends we met at the show, what a great time and we look forward to exciting pursuits ahead.
The list below should be complete with both a literature analysis and by mining course materials. In principle, everything that can be research also can be education. Therefore we also listed a few items found in the literature. There are some interesting issues that refer to organizational and informal learning, i.e. users participating in design and policy making.
The other shout-out goes to Paul Bogaert who decided to close the Bike Doctor after 27 years and instead cycle tour the world with his wife. Paul had an early role in Vancouver bicycle advocacy and at bringing cycle riding to a less elitist/athletic and more everyday commuter crowd through their shop. They were among the early shops to embrace family friendly cargo bikes and appreciated the role that electric would play in making cycling more broadly appealing.
Built around a heavy-duty alloy frame, the GSD eschews many of the traits of other cargo bikes: long wheelbases, bigger wheels, and especially, an unwieldy ride. Yet it boasts an extensive capacity, nimble handling—even fully loaded, thanks to a short wheelbase and 20-inch wheels—and enduring range in a package not much bigger than most non-cargo e-bikes. The stout frame holds a 250-watt Bosch motor that gives up to 275 percent of your power back to the pedals and reaches 20 mph. The GSD has room for two battery packs, extending the batteries' combined range to a claimed 150 miles and making the Tern one of the longest-lasting e-bikes on the market. A laundry list of accessories and a (claimed) 396-pound carrying capacity round out the GSD's status as an epic day-tripper.
Some US companies, notably in the tech sector, are developing both innovative cycle designs and cycle-friendliness in the workplace. Foursquare, whose CEO Dennis Crowley "pedaled to pitch meetings ... [when he] was raising money from venture capitalists" on a two-wheeler, chose a new location for its New York headquarters "based on where biking would be easy". Parking in the office was also integral to HQ planning. Mitchell Moss, who runs the Rudin Center for Transportation Policy & Management at New York University, said in 2012: "Biking has become the mode of choice for the educated high tech worker".[66]


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For a slightly different take on the subject and figuring out how to get targeted traffic onto your promoted links, you must have a look at Affiliate Marketing: Instant Traffic to Affiliate Links. A quick look at the reviews will help you decide if this is the exact course you are looking for. Sometimes the right approach is what is required to make a campaign work, this one might just work for you.
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It's free to join the SellHealth affiliate program, though you do have to apply and be accepted before you can start promoting their products. Once you're accepted, you'll have access to a number of tools, graphics, banners and more that you can use to promote SellHealth products. The sales are actually made at company-owned Websites, which look professional and handle all of the selling. Commissions vary, but the base rate is 30% of all sales and upsells, and SellHealth says you can earn up to $350 per sale.
The better you learn and understand SEO and the more strides you take to learn this seemingly confusing and complex discipline, the more likely you'll be to appear organically in search results. And let's face it, organic search is important to marketing online. Considering that most people don't have massive advertising budgets and don't know the first thing about lead magnets, squeeze pages and sales funnels, appearing visible is critical towards long-term success.
As mentioned earlier, technology and the internet allows for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week service for customers as well as enabling them to shop online at any hour of that day or night, not just when the shops are over and across the whole world. This is a huge advantage for retailers to use it and direct customers from the store to its online store. It has also opened up an opportunity for companies to only be online based rather than having an outlet or store due to the popularity and capabilities of digital marketing.
3. Wide Markets Wide Markets Ltd, provides a unique cross-channel advertising solution for eCommerce businesses. The company owns Wide Markets Media™ , Wide Markets Fashion™, Wide Markets eTickets™ and Wide Markets eStores™. Advertisers can sell their goods and services through the native products created by Wide Markets, receiving outstanding User-Values. In the other hand, publishers benefits from a native method to monetize their online assets finding higher conversion rates. The company supports the Performance Marketing Association and is an active Champion Member.
- When we talk about online marketing, we're essentially talking about promoting your business online using a variety of channels. And these channels include search, social, video, email, and display. You see, today's customer lives across these channels and online marketing is about finding ways to be present and stay present at the right moments to capture the customer. The internet has transformed the way that people buy products or services. And, now, with mobile smartphones, that experience is everywhere. This puts the customer in charge of the buying process. They're armed with resources to conduct research, compare options, share what they've found, and even ask their peers for recommendations, all digitally. And, often, this happens simultaneously. What was once the norm in marketing has taken a backseat to its online counterpart. Print continues to drop in readership. People are leaving cable for on demand shows served up by digital companies like Netflix. And we're distracted by our mobile devices while we walk on the streets, so we miss advertisements in the windows and next to the bus stops. Streaming music has replaced radio. And the opportunity to pay for many services eliminates advertising from interrupting our experience. The Yellow Pages has been replaced by Google Local and Yelp, where the consumer can easily read reviews and see pictures of the business. Even in brick and mortar, people are holding their phones, scanning barcodes, chasing deals, and deciding whether it's cheaper to buy online. And that's where online marketing comes in. As a business, you need to stand out throughout the journey a buyer takes. With so many user interaction points and what seems like an endless amount of channels, online marketing can feel overwhelming. To focus it, let's talk about the three types of media you'll be using in online marketing: paid, owned, and earned. Your paid media will make up everything that you, well, pay for. This will include channels like Google AdWords, Facebook paid ads, and display marketing. Your owned media will encompass channels like your website, your list of customers that you use to send out emails, and a blog with an active readership. Earned media is the world of organic press. Your social media accounts, mentions on other blogs, and articles written about you make up the channels within earned media. Now, all of these channels overlap just as a user will overlap as they interact with each. And, together, these make up the foundation of online marketing. So, at the end of the day, online marketing is the process of putting your business front and center along the journey that your customer takes.
Planning is an essential element of any successful affiliate promotion. Advertisers should consider a few things when planning a promotion centered around a holiday. First, is the promotion going to be an affiliate exclusive promotion or going to match an onsite promotion? Second, will top affiliates get vanity codes exclusive to them? Last, but not least, make sure the promotion is available at least 7 days in advance so that all affiliates can add it to their sites and/or social media schedules.
Marketing has changed more in the past 10 years than it had in the previous 100—launching us out of the age of TV spots and print ads and into the age of websites, online video, social media, and Google. Consumers today are connected to the web 24/7—U.S. adults now spend upwards of 6 hours per day consuming digital media, and that doesn't count those whose jobs are internet-dependent.
Content is king. It always has been and it always will be. Creating insightful, engaging and unique content should be at the heart of any online marketing strategy. Too often, people simply don't obey this rule. The problem? This takes an extraordinary amount of work. However, anyone that tells you that content isn't important, is not being fully transparent with you. You cannot excel in marketing anything on the internet without having quality content.
The downside is that Shopify is only appealing for people who have physical or digital products to sell and have a need to set up a Shopify store, including site hosting, payment processing, and all the other services offered by Shopify. This can significantly narrow the appeal for this affiliate program. But if you can distinguish yourself by educating people on how to use Shopify, how it can benefit their business, and/or make them money, you could potentially big money via the affiliate program. Add in the 2 x monthly fee commission rate, and landing just a few sales of their mid-tier and top-tier products can result in significant earnings.
Be Clear on Tactics and Strategies: You don't want to cannibalize your affiliate program with your own marketing tactics. Keep in mind that affiliates drive a lot of their business through search marketing. If you are both competing on the same keywords, this can often cause issues. For example, if you don't want them to bid on your brand terms be upfront about this at the very beginning of the program.
Income potential is strong. PayScale reports the median income for an Internet marketing specialist is $46,638. Typical Internet marketing specialists may charge anywhere from $20 to $100 per hour or more, depending on the type of services provided and your skill level. Further, some earn commissions or bonuses, particularly if marketing strategies have good results.
Affiliate marketing has now invaded Hollywood? We know it invaded US politics in Washington as some politicians (current and retired) are silent affiliate marketers or in MLM. Maybe we can look forward to hearing in the next few years about more celebrities going from actors and actresses to home-based affiliate marketers. Wouldn't that be something?
For those who want to figure out how to sell Amazon products and make money off it, this course on 2017 Affiliate Marketing + SEO Strategy could be ideal for you. It's a quick course that teaches how to build an amazon affiliate website, brushes you on the latest SEO techniques but may not be enough if you are looking at an advanced curriculum. The trainer Isli Hoxha, Website Developer & Growth Hacker will teach you marketing in depth.
The emergence and evolution of the Internet created an opportunity for different types of publishers – ranging from individuals with a Facebook account or blog, to content review sites, deal aggregators, and app developers. As people continue to invent new ways to refer traffic to merchants, new models will surface, but here is a quick list of the popular models today, summarizing the primary promotional method.
There's a good chance you lived through this very experience. James Cameron's 1997 cinematic landmark Titanic was an unprecedented hit, holding the title as highest-grossing film of all time for 14 years. The scene described above is perhaps its most famous — the linchpin in a love story sparked by deep, genuine trust that materialized almost out nowhere.
Brad has spent more than twelve years working at the crossroads of business development, marketing, and social media. He was featured in Entrepreneur Magazine as a young entrepreneur, launching his first successful business at the age of 15. Up until joining lynda.com as an online marketing manager in 2012, he honed his skills working as a consultant alongside brands large and small, including LegalZoom, Clear Channel, eSolar, Dickies, and Urban Outfitters. He has also served as an advisor to multiple startups, providing marketing direction and strategic advice.
Access more than a hundred courses on various aspects of affiliate marketing and related domains on Skillshare, by simply subscribing to the platform for nearly zero cost. The best part is that you are not charged until a few months, so you can test things out and cancel subscription at any point if you want. The courses here include techniques on how to drive traffic to your website for free, how to use Instagram for promoting offers, how to set up an Affiliate Business and a lot more.
Shopify has three different account types as well as standalone third-party products like themes and apps. Commissions are paid for sales of any of these products, including users who sign up for a 14-day free trial and then convert to a paid account. Shopify also has a wide range of blog posts, webinars, and video tutorials that can be linked to with the standard commission paid on any sales that are generated.
I offer a ton of free resources, tips, guides and tutorials here on my website that can help you get started in affiliate marketing – and help you find success with it. While there are plenty of paid training programs out there, you need to be careful. Some of the people who create these programs make their money by selling the dream and not through doing true affiliate marketing for products or services outside of selling you the dream. That's not to say there are not some good training programs out there - but buyer beware. For now, I'd recommend you start with my free information here on my website – and to sign up for my free weekly newsletter here.
Game advertising - In-Game advertising is defined as "inclusion of products or brands within a digital game."[50] The game allows brands or products to place ads within their game, either in a subtle manner or in the form of an advertisement banner. There are many factors that exist in whether brands are successful in their advertising of their brand/product, these being: Type of game, technical platform, 3-D and 4-D technology, game genre, congruity of brand and game, prominence of advertising within the game. Individual factors consist of attitudes towards placement advertisements, game involvement, product involvement, flow or entertainment. The attitude towards the advertising also takes into account not only the message shown but also the attitude towards the game. Dependent of how enjoyable the game is will determine how the brand is perceived, meaning if the game isn't very enjoyable the consumer may subconsciously have a negative attitude towards the brand/product being advertised. In terms of Integrated Marketing Communication "integration of advertising in digital games into the general advertising, communication, and marketing strategy of the firm"[50] is an important as it results in a more clarity about the brand/product and creates a larger overall effect.

subset: commoncrawl


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You've probably heard stories about regular people earning money on YouTube and thought, "Hey, I can do this too!". While earning thousands of dollars probably isn't realistic, you can start earning money quickly, especially if you have a strong subscriber base. Follow this guide to get your videos monetized and start earning revenue off of those YouTube ads.
You don't need to buy an expensive camera or drone. You can produce top notch quality videos using just your smartphone. One thing that you do need to work on though, is the editing. Get very good at editing or pay somebody to do it for you. It would be great if you took the trouble to learn to edit well. it's a useful skill that will pay off very well in the long term. Psst…it's not that hard – really!
It can take time to build up your personal freelance business. Yet, there is more demand than ever for freelancers. So, if you want to kick start making money online through freelancing you can join one of the top freelance networks, such as Flexjobs, SolidGigs, Upwork, Fiverr, or PeoplePerHour. Sign up, build your profile, upload some samples of your work and start making extra money by doing small freelance jobs.
Typically only offered to large YouTube channels with a wide audience (although not exclusively), another big way to earn cash through YouTube is to get sponsored deals with companies that will pay you to promote or mention their products in your videos. You can earn money this way either as a lump sum of cash the company will pay you for the deal, clicks on the company's link, or on a per-view basis.
Because of the time you're allotted with this ad format, it's suggested that you create this type of ad with the goal of views and brand development, rather than just clicks into your website. This ad ideally generates revenue from the long-term brand awareness that comes out of a story people don't want to skip, and one viewers remember the next time they approach your product or service.
It's sometimes hard to comprehend just how much people love t-shirts. And with the right niche, marketing, and tools, you can create an online t-shirt business that makes you extra money online while you sleep. (Even Bloomberg and Forbes feature stories from entrepreneurs who've done just that.) Services like TeeSpring make it easier than ever to create a t-shirt drop-shipping business where they handle the sales, printing, and shipping, and you're only responsible for design and marketing. For more tips, check out this simple guide to launching and marketing an online clothing store by my friends over at Selz.
I really disagree with this comment. Im sure you can find success in one niche if it has infinite scale and traffic sources. If you are good enough at driving targeted traffic you can be in multiple niches/products/markets with almost the same amount of effort. I have done millions in over 6 niches.. if I stayed in one I feel like I wouldn't even be close to the net worth I am now. I would focus on one working niche until you have enough stability to test 10 others. The internet landscape is always changing and most things that work are getting saturated like crazy. Stay nimble and adjust.
Once you have created an AdSense account (or tied your YouTube channel to your existing account), you are taken to your Upload Defaults screen. About halfway down the list of options is a tick-box labeled "Monetise With Ads." You need to click this box, and you will be asked to confirm that you own the copyright to your videos and that you understand what you're doing.
Great article on Internet marketing. A key ingredient in the whole marketing process is the passion or purpose for which one is marketing. Identifying your life's purpose or driving passion in life is really the first step in creating your product and your business effort. Most people never do enough self evaluation and soul searching to discover what they are here on this earth for.
Freelancing is working for a company or business but not being part of it. The best reason is you can work on your free time, and work from wherever you want, but there will be deadlines. Usually, the Work or tasks done will Goal oriented. There are online platforms where you can sign up and get projects for SEO, AdWords, Facebook Ads, Copy-writing etc. The Best place to start will be Fiverr, Upwork and Freelancer - Hire & Find Jobs
It's the perfect option for videos managed by charities and nonprofits, but even for-profit businesses and independent creatives can publish videos and YouTube Live streams that encourage contributions from their audience. Streaming platforms such as Twitch.tv, which webcasts video games and general interest content, sees accounts that are two years or older make $80 in "tips" per year on average.
Having outside income streams is especially important. After all, a change to how YouTube partners with and compensates creators could drastically shake up a YouTuber's ability to earn money with little warning. This happened in January, when the YouTube Partner Program boosted the eligibility requirements for monetization from 10,000 lifetime views to 4,000 hours of watch time within the previous year and 1,000 subscribers, leaving some content creators scrambling to reclaim their ability to earn money.
ebay is a popular resource for selling various used and unwanted items. However, there are specific sites for selling certain used items such as books, jewelry, wedding dresses, and electronics where you may have greater success. Also, to maximize earnings, it's important to take a great photo of the item and write a compelling, honest description.
Ratings. Whenever someone buys a book from you, they will have the opportunity to give the transaction a rating. This is when they'll tell other potential buyers whether the book was in the condition that you described, whether it was mailed on time, and if your communications were pleasant and helpful. One bad rating can hamper sales, and a couple of them can downright stop them. Excel at customer service and your ratings will help your company grow.
It doesn't pay much, but if you're a healthy person and want to make a bit of extra money online, the AchieveMint app will reward you for doing things like walking, tracking your food, or taking health surveys. AchieveMint works by connecting to fitness apps you might already be using like Fitbit, RunKeeper, Healthkit, and MyFitnessPal and then giving you points for certain actions. For every 10,000 points, you earn $10 with no limit on your earnings.
It's NOT easy, but it is very profitable if you know what you are doing. And yes, there is a good potential for passive income. I find most Internet Marketing coaches are bogus, and just want your money. I learnt from someone of very high integrity called Eric Holmlund and he offers is teaching 100% free. His main angle is marketing digital products. I wrote my impression of him and his tips here if you're interested
The great thing about sponsorships is that you don't have to give YouTube a cut. Plus, you can negotiate whatever contracts you want based on impressions and the size of your audience. In most cases, the amount of revenue you generate from sponsorships is substantially more than YouTube ad revenue. (Meanwhile, you can still generate ad revenue. So it's like having two sources of income from the same video.)
While this isn't exactly a long-term solution for making money (since you have to pay it back), it is a reliable way to get some extra cash when you're in a pinch. It's also a great way to make money by saving money if you use a personal loan to pay off high-interest debt, such as credit cards. Since getting a loan is one of the easiest ways to make extra money, we felt we had to include it.
It's great, but sometimes is not just the content of your blog it's about to look for ways to promote it. I work for a fitness blog for girls in Latin America. During the final quarter of last year, visits decreased even though we created very original, interesting content. Our revenue decreased in addition to website traffic problems. We had to think about new strategies for our content; otherwise, we would have to close the page. We considered paying for ads, mentions, or a celebrity endorsement. But, we realized that these solutions would only temporarily fix a much bigger problem. My company does not have professional experience in digital marketing, so we approach a company that has experience reaching the right people. They designed the strategy according to the needs of our Latin American audience, targeting each country where they are working. Their services were for international SEO. The SEO we did with them has worked and our blog is gaining traffic. The Multilingual SEO Agency I hired is called Dalai Group (http://dalaigroup.com/global-seo-a/). They were serious about our project and I feel comfortable recommending them.
Promote services. Think of the services you use and that your readers are likely to use. For example, a parenting blogger could promote child care or tutoring services. With services, you are likely to earn repeat commissions as visitors to your blog may purchase from the service on a recurring basis. Typical commissions for service affiliate programs range from 15 percent to 30 percent. Some service affiliate programs may pay even higher commissions, depending on what the service is.[35]
Specialists in online digital marketing today should have a differing set of aptitudes, including a modern comprehension of media channels accessible, the capacity to recognize cutting-edge openings, notwithstanding essential abilities of an unmistakable advertiser. They need an adjust abilities of basic and imaginative reasoning in other to make gigantic progress.
If it's not clear yet, information and expertise are two of the most consistent and lucrative ways to make extra money online. If you don't like talking on the phone, you can sign up to get paid to answer professional questions on JustAnswer. There are thousands of questions being asked every month from people looking for help from lawyers, doctors, mechanics, vets, and more. To apply, you'll need to supply your professional verification, resume, and a form of identification.


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At the behest of Henry Ford II, Ford began work on a new two-passenger, convertible sports roadster in the early 1950s that would have a targeted 100 MPH top speed and weigh somewhere around 2,500 pounds. Not directly intended to be a sports-car competitor for Chevrolet's new Corvette, this new Thunderbird—as it was to become known—would open up an entirely new market segment of what Ford would call the "personal luxury car." The Thunderbird made its debut in 1955 with a 102-inch wheelbase frame equipped with a 292 CI Y-block V-8 engine mated to a 3-speed manual transmission. Initial sales far exceeded expectations with 16,155 examples being sold compared to just 700 Corvettes that year, guaranteeing that the Thunderbird would live into the future. The example on offer is a first-generation 1957 Ford Thunderbird with the highly desirable factory E-Code option package and is one of just 1,499 examples produced. Finished in beautiful Thunderbird Bronze with a matching bronze interior, this Thunderbird benefited from a frame-off, nut-and-bolt concours restoration by Robbins Restorations in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and has the awards to prove it, including: CTCI Concours Gold Award; AACA Grand National First Place; CTCI Gold Medallion Award; AACA Senior National First Place; and the CTCI Award in Excellence. Equipped with the factory E-Code option package, this Thunderbird boasts a 312 CI V-8 that has an enlarged bore and stroke, increased compression ratio and a pair of 4-barrel Holley carburetors with an automatic choke that produces 270 HP and 343 lb-ft of torque. Other special features include a Ford-O-Matic automatic transmission, power steering and brakes, a Town and Country radio, fitted Kelsey Hayes wire wheels, the original dealership invoice, original window sticker and its original California pink slip.
Estimated monthly payments:
† Your APR may differ based on loan purpose, amount, term, and your credit profile. Rate is quoted with AutoPay repayment discount, which is only available when you select AutoPay prior to loan funding. Rates under the invoicing option are 0.50% higher. Subject to credit approval. Conditions and limitations apply. If your auto loan application is approved, your credit profile will determine whether your loan will be unsecured or secured. Advertised rates and terms are subject to change without notice.
* Payment example: Monthly payments for a $10,000 loan at 2.19% APR with a term of 3 years would result in 36 monthly payments of $287.26.


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Liquid Body Armor : Shear-thickening Fluids
« The term « liquid body armor » can be a little misleading. For some people, it brings to mind the idea of moving fluid sandwiched between two layers of solid material. However, both types of liquid armor in development work without a visible liquid layer. Instead, they use Kevlar that has been soaked in one of two fluids. »
Source : http://science.howstuffworks.com/liquid-body-armor1.htm
Posted on 2017-08-25, in Innovations, Sécurité and tagged armure, liquide, shear thinning fluid. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment.


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Probate Litigation Attorney in Mountain View
At the law firm of Martin APC, we focus on helping clients through often daunting probate litigation matters. Understanding how delicate estate planning can be, we strive to make our services approachable and open for our Mountain View area clients. If you are looking for a trustworthy attorney, turn to Martin APC.
Holding 21 Years in practice under the name, Martin APC, our professional team has learned the intricacies of the probate litigation process and developed efficient and caring strategies to serve clients. As part of our work in the Mountain View area, we make a consistent effort to be responsive towards clients' needs in such sensitive matters as probate litigation situations.
Many people believe that working with probate litigation lawyers is only for those with wealth and elaborate postmortem plans for their money. In truth, we at Martin APC have helped individuals from all walks of life through different probate litigation related situations. Throughout the Mountain View area, there are individuals just like you who have sought out our help and now live comfortably, knowing their future is well prepared.
Call Martin APC to keep greedy creditors away from your postmortem estate. We at Martin APC understand that, unfortunately, death means no longer speaking for yourself. However, if you work through probate litigation matters with our team, you can prepare a plan for your possessions and loved ones which will be enforced by the professionals of Martin APC.
Martin APC
1939 Harrison Street
Oakland, CA 94612
(510) 444-7600


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Hits of the Day
"Our server gets a hundred thousand accesses a day!" To be able to quantify such claims, you have to be able to show how you got this figure. At the moment, most of the tools available for doing that seem to be either unreliable or devious.

Judging a server's popularity and acceptance is interesting in many ways: a powerful analysis can help the operator optimise the server's structure, advertising customers demand cost/usage estimates and a system administrator gets an argument for getting additional hardware or a better Internet connection. But even though the reason for wanting and analysis is understandable, the technical realisation is difficult, because there aren't generally known yardsticks and measuring methods.
There are lots of programs for evaluating WWW server log files. Excellent examples are Analog and 3Dstats. Analog - a freeware program for Unix, VMS, MacOS and DOS - is very fast, extremely flexible and easy to configure. Its strengths are the various reports, each of which is configurable, and an integrated cache for data already ascertained from older log files, which allows analysis - the calculation time is usually under five minutes - over various months. This tool can also generate a summary, various monthly, weekly, daily and hourly reports and domain, host and directory reports. When using the NCSA/Apache daemons, there are also overviews for browsers, errors and links. The presentation of the information can be in either English (with British or American expressions), German or French. Analog has over 180 options and that's surely enough for most user's requirements. Stephen Turner, the author, also likes to get comments about it.
3Dstats is graphically more complex. It presents its overviews as VRML worlds. The user can zoom in and out of detailed overviews for the various months and weeks. Although it's very visually appealing, because these overviews are presented as a pure graphic, and are therefore less accurate, they are only suitable for analysing trends. In addition, you need a VRML viewer to look at them.
Meaningfulness of the data is questionable
Soon after the initial joy of the nice-looking graphics the question arises of how meaningful they are. Can the result be drawn on to help make a sensible judgement of the users' acceptance? That can't be answered without a more precise definition of the measurement sizes and knowledge of the method of analysis.
The first and biggest factor of uncertainty with log file analysis is the existence of the various WWW caches (Harvest Squid, Apache, CERN and Netscape). These proxy servers act as a time-saving, temporary storage of pages that have been called up once (see [[#literature 1]], [['literature 4]] and [[#literature 5]]), but which then don't appear in the server's log files. Access to the respective cache at the institution can be mandatory for different user circles, be it providers' customers, research network members or users with a direct Internet connection. That means that a locally installed firewall only allows such Web browsers access to the outside world if they have a proxy cache entry configured. According to the size of the individual caches and their special features - for example, integration in a joint cache system - each cache has a different rate of effectiveness.
Proxy caches not considered
The number of caches taking part in the German integrated cache system (http://www.informatik.uni-bonn.de/de-cache/) is currently 48 (23 September 1996) with a total hard disk capacity of 188 Gbytes and the number of Harvest Squid caches in Germany will be over 130. DFN [German Research Network] is planning to install a further ten cache servers at the B-WiN central nodes and they will also be integrated into the cache system, where they will afford the highest status in the hierarchy. In addition to that, there is an unknown number of Apache, CERN and Netscape caches being used at a number of providers (like, for example, the T-Online cache with 1.2 million users). In view of all the cache servers, you can only draw on the analysis of WWW server log files to a limited extent for assessing the quality of your own Web offering.
|In a hierarchical cache system, as is realised with the DE-Cache, objects are exchanged without them being logged by the originating WWW daemon. (diagram 2)
A counter argument for the statistics advocates is that not all Web users make use of a proxy cache. That's true, but the number of cache users is so high that they influence the measured figure too much for this to serve as a basis for an analysis. Additionally, in a cache union the users exchange the cached objects between themselves, so that in this case there are even less direct accesses to the WWW server.
The only exact information that you can get from a log file and use without limitations is the information about the amount of data transmitted. These figures give information about how much your Web offering has used the WWW server's Internet connection. However, system administration tools have more to offer here than statistics programs. Standard tools such as net-acct breakdown the amount of data transferred and differentiate between sent and received data.
Who sent the request is unclear
All the remaining log file entries can only be interpreted as the minimum of the WWW objects actually transmitted, on account of all the caches which are being used. Whether a request to a server comes from an actual user, a robot or a meta search engine isn't taken into consideration either. Because these services want to stay up-to-date, they have to constantly call up and index the whole Web. With all the search engines this represents a not in significant number of hits.
There are further methods for finding out the actual user statistics. Some Webmasters put a counter (see [[#literature 2]]) on every page as the first and obvious solution. Either a new gif image file is created for every access or there is an automatically generated text which the WWW deamon integrates into the page by server side includes. However, this method doesn't include every single access anymore, because some of the newer caches, such as Harvest Squid, mercilessly offer the pages with the server side includes themselves - regardless of the fact that as a result a the counter status is wrong (there's an example on the Counter Page from Webtools.org). A further inaccuracy is caused by users who work with text-based browsers such as Lynx or who have image loading turned off when they access pages to be counted.
Cookies aren't an alternative to counters
As an alternative to counters, you can use a cookie on every page [[#literature 3]]. In this case, the server passes cookie information to the client every time a URL is called up and the client saves the cookie information in the associated file, which the browser puts in the appropriate sub-directory. But because not all browsers support cookies, users of browsers that do would be overvalued, because an analysis would only take place on account of their cookie information. All the other users wouldn't be included.
Assuming that most caches are configured so that they don't save files whose URL contains a cgi-bin directory, Web documents to be measured could be created by a script which moves an internal counter on one each time the page is called up. Though a configuration like that is common practice, it's not absolutely necessary and also not sensible for some user groups. In addition, this method goes totally against the idea of caches and can lead to annoying delays.
A principal problem arises due to a newly developed feature in Linux: IP masquerading hides almost any number of computers behind just one IP address. Assigning the reported IP addresses to the actual ones is impossible.
A further problem is caused by Internet cafés and areas with computers available to a wide range of people. In a working environment like that you can't tell whether user A has taken a break and then carried on using the computer, or if person B is now on the machine. However, this can be smoothed out with suitable statistical methods.
Standardising measurement criteria
In order to at least be able to make an attempt at making comprehensible claims about the effectiveness of online advertising there are developments and finished programs from commercial companies. The following will go into some detail about the two most interesting - the Rawena method versions 3.0 and 3.1 from Ecce Terram, and AC Nielsen's Webtracking method. These two ways of measuring originate from the terms such as hit, visit or page view, which have been used for a long time. The following definitions of those are from Rawena 3.0:
- Visits add the number of Internet hosts which have held at least one WWW page from the server, information taken from the server log files. Further transmissions to this address are ignored if they take place within a predefined period of time. Ecce Terram has fixed how long this time is (in the new version this size is no longer required).
- Page views give information about how often a user has received a page, containing online advertising. It's insignificant whether that's the same or different users.
- Hits count every access to a Web object, taken from the server log file. Because this includes displaying graphics, photos, logos or in the case of frames several sides, a single page is sometimes counted several times, even if it's only called up once.
The Rawena 3.0 method was used until 1 September 1996 and then replaced by version 3.1. The first version should work with log files from the WWW daemon and several caches. Ecce Terram published extensive documentation about the terms used and ideas, though not the exact method - for legal reasons the company says. That's why it was only possible for paying license holders to verify the method used for errors and loopholes. In this version - in the author's opinion - there are also problems with cascading caches.
Method of measuring increases strain on server
Version 3.1 is used now. It works with a so-called Z Box. This does introduce a small problem though, that access to a
type Web document which is to be measured, counts the accesses. Of course that only works supposing that - as already mentioned earlier - /cgi-bin/ programs aren't saved by a cache. Z Box is installed on port 80 - the standard port for a WWW server - and communicates with the actual Web server over a second port. This possibly requires changes to CGI programs and because all the data has to be exchanged over the ports, this method increases the strain on the server. For heavily used servers this solution isn't exactly optimal.
<IMG SRC="/cgi-bin/prog?parameter"
Even the assumption that the cache servers don't store URLs directed over the Z Box requires verification on account of new caches (see above). There aren't problems with cascaded caches with this method because the all the header lines of the request, which each server being passed through in an integrated cache system cites, are analysed. The exact method of measuring was only given to paying license holders previously, but since recently has been available to developers and journalists for free, providing that they sign a non-disclosure agreement promising not to let any of this knowledge be used in commercial developments and they don't use exact quotes. This openness allows for an analysis and discussion of the methods used, something which represents a considerable requirement of methods used on the Internet.
Actual accesses not determined
Even though the Rawena method provides more exact results than a pure analysis of the log files with the tools named earlier, or with other ones, this implementation can't provide the actual number of accesses. Ecce Terram sees this problem and therefore provides an additional factor for accuracy. The VDZ (Verband Deustscher Zeitschriftenverleger [German magazine publishers' association]) has licensed this method. Whether or not it's really used though, isn't clear. In August the four media associations (newspaper and magazine publishers, private radio and television stations and also multimedia association) agreed on page views and visits as the "media currency" and are currently recommending Rawena 3.1 for analysis of popularity. However the VDZ in agreement with other media associations is investigating the possibility of developing its own measuring method, which a neutral institution will carry out. Discussions are currently underway with the IVW which, according to the VDZ, will lead to a result before the end of the year.
Webtracking from AC Nielsen isn't as well documented as Rawena. There's just one page on the Web server and it explains the principal terms; the method used is hardly mentioned. But this method is obviously also based on a type of Z Box, which is installed locally by Web providers. More exact questions by telephone were just answered with "company secret". Without knowledge of the method used though, it's impossible to make an assessment of the accuracy, or rather a judgement of the method used.
Manipulating the figures is easy
The Internet community has long known how considerably higher user statistics can be provided, in spite of the introduced measuring methods. Editing a status file can quickly give a simple counter a higher value and lots of graphics, logos or buttons increase the number of hits. Extensive use of frames (Autobild has an extreme example with 11 different frames, the whole thing providing no extra information) also increases the number of page accesses. In an online report by German magazine Fokus there was a headline to the effect "WWW bingo: user statistics as desired" where Bild Online (online version of a German tabloid newspaper) could praise itself with claims of "700 000 page views per week". Because such statistics really do have an effect, Spiegel Online changed its layout to frames, in spite of strong protests from users. However, such a method of counting contradicts the Rawena 3.0 method, which according to Fokus Online is also known to those responsible at Spiegel Online.
After all the methods described have failed to show not just the minimum, but the actual number of accesses to a Web page, there is still the question of whether or not analysis of trends is actually possible. Using traditional log file analysis it's hardly possible, if you consider that the attractive, often-requested WWW objects, that are constantly in caches, can only be recorded indirectly with a correction factor. Experience will show how methods used by Ecce Terram and AC Nielsen are suitable for analysing trends.
The results of a simple log file analysis by means of traditional programs or built-in counter are in any case so inexact that they can't even serve as a basis for estimation. Some questions are still open with the Rawena method, but they can now be discussed thanks to publication of the methods used. With AC Nielsen on the other hand, thanks to the quasi non-existent documentation there are hardly open questions…
Log files should be supplemented
A sensible beginning for the exact recording of accesses would be the creation of a common protocol in which the log file entries of the WWW daemon and of the cache supplement each other. If a company wants to know the exact number of accesses to its WWW server, it can work out the access on account of all the log files. That would even be possible with caches interlinked with each other. The obvious disadvantage of this method is that all the log files from all the caches taking part in an integrated system would have to be activated and this would quickly produce some megabytes per day and server, according to popularity and size of a cache server. But perhaps such analyses would be an interesting gap for a service company to fill.
Agreement on HTTP 1.1, which contains header entries for usage measurements, will also allow more precise measuring. But it will be some time until that happens and this standard might possibly be overtaken - as with HTML 3.2 - by the big browser developers.
Oliver Schade
studies information technology with psychology.
[1] Henning Behme; Web Indian; Configuring the Apache HTTP daemon; iX 6/96, pp.122.
[2] Rasca Gmelch; Count on me; HTML-Dokumente mit eingebautem Zähler; iX4/96, pp.190 (no English version available).
[3] Rolf Haas, Holger Ziegelbauer; Cookies; Web browsers endanger privacy; iX 9/96, pp.78.
[4] Rainer Klute; Zwischenstation; Mit dem Proxy-Server Zeit und Geld sparen; iX 2/95; pp.154 (no English version available).
[5] Oliver Schade; Together we're faster; Hierarchical integrated cache system with Harvest; iX 8/96, pp. 124.


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Mystery over death of suburban wife and mother found strangled in her Mercedes Benz
Homicide: Jane Bashara's strangled body was found the morning after her husband reported her missing
The murder of a wife and mother-of-two who was found strangled in her car after she disappeared from her home has baffled her close-knit community with her husband saying he has 'no clue' what could have happened.
Jane Bashara, from Grosse Point Park, Michigan, last spoke to her husband of 26 years Bob on her way home from work on Tuesday.
When he arrived home the TV was on and her work ID was there, appearing as if she had made it home from work.
He reported her missing later that night after calling friends. Her body was found the next morning near Hoover in the backseat of her Mercedes Benz.
Her cellphone and purse were found close by.
Mr Bashara said his wife would have had no reason to be in the area and has no idea what happened to her.
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Gone: When Jane's husband Bob returned to their Grosse Point home, the TV was on and his wife's car, purse and cellphone were missing
Husband: Bob Bashara said he has 'no clue' what happened to his wife of 26 years
Speaking to the Detroit Free Press yesterday, he said: 'I have no clue. Someone obviously had made their way into her car or attacked her and did what they did to her and dropped her, stashed her car somewhere.
'My heart is broken, and I'm very sad. And it's terrible to think what she had to go through in the last moments of her life.'
Mystery: Jane Bashara was found dead on the backseat of her SUV on Wednesday
Authorities have yet to make any arrests or have not named any 'persons of interest' in the case.
No motive has been suggested for the brutal murder of Jane - who has been described as a beloved wife and mother-of-two.
Her death has shocked her friends and people within the community.
Patti Matthews, who told the Free Press she has been Jane Bashara's best friend since high school, said Bob Bashara called her about 9:30pm on Tuesday and that she was gone along with her belongings.
The Wayne County Medical Examiner's Office ruled her death a homicide by strangulation.
Mr Bashara said police have given him little information.
'They're doing their job,' he said. 'They're as cooperative as they can be. They're treating me kind of at arm's length.'
Mystery: Jane Bashara's Mercedes Benz SUV was found near Hoover with her strangled body in the back
Friend Amy Graham wrote on Facebook: 'I will miss you Jane. Thank you for being my friend. Thank you for making Grosse Pointe a friendly place for me when I moved here.
'Thank you for showing by your example how to be a great mom and a great volunteer. Thank you for making me laugh on the days I felt like crying.
'You did not deserve to die this way. Heaven has gained a wonderful soul. I have lost a mentor and a friend.'
Jane Bashara worked as a senior marketing manager at Kema Services, an energy consulting and testing and certification company.
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Beautiful, Feel-good Home In The Grove, One Of Alabaster's Best Locations! Updated Eat-in Kitchen With Granite Counter Tops,... More Info
Beautifully Updated Inside And Out. Updates Include Wiring, Plumbing, Paint, Flooring, Cabinetry, Countertops, Appliances, Lighting,... More Info
This Gorgeous Home Radiates Pride Of Ownership. This 3000+/- Sq Ft Home Is Conveniently Located In The Highly Desired Hillsboro... More Info
High End Residential Architect's Personal Newly Remodeled Home In A Family Friendly Neighborhood! The Front Entry From The... More Info
Large 4/3 Home On A Great Corner Lot In Country Club Highlands! Office Could Be Used As A Fifth Bedroom. The Circular Driveway Brings... More Info
One Level Living At Its Finest! Come And See This Nicely Updated One Level, Full Brick Home Located In The Coveted Greystone... More Info
Great 4 Bedroom 3 Full Bath Home In Chelsea. Home Has A 1.13 Acre +/- Lot. Daylight Basement Finished With Den, 4th Bedroom, Office... More Info
Seller Is Ready To Sell! Relax On The Multilevel Decks Over Looking A Beautiful Backyard In This Charming Home In The Perfect... More Info
Liberty House In The Desirable Downtown Birmingham Loft District! Totally Renovated Unit All The Way Down To The Studs. Hardwood... More Info
Brand New Appliances! And New Paint! Owners Are Transferring And Sad To Leave This Beautiful Community! Hardwood Floors Throughout The... More Info
The data relating to Birmingham AL Real Estate on this Web site derive in part from the Greater Alabama MLS IDX program. Listings marked with the BAMLS logo are provided courtesy of the Birmingham Association of REALTORS®. © 2013 Greater Alabama MLS, Inc. All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified.


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Discover Your Ancestry - Jennifer Slack
Culinary Delight - Jonna Turrill
Essential Moments - Joan Wong
Family of Stars - Steve Love
Freaky Friday - Jamie Pitt
Fun at Home - Ryan Jeppesen
A Midway Getaway - Diana Michalicek
Best of Moab - Brandi Williams
Nostalgia - Heather King
Relax at Home - Mark Eggett
Shakespeare in Cedar City - Kathleen Dustin
Starry Night - Nicole Reilly
Wine Not - Shirley Carlston
Winners Choice Trip Giveaway
(Sonoma, New York, or Cabo) - Steve Love
One night stay Red Cliffs Lodge, full day Rafting Trip for two, round of Golf for two, Castle Creek Winery basket w/ 3 bottles of wine & $30 gift certificate to Moab Brewery.
Value: $665
Donated by: Red Cliffs Lodge, Western River Expeditions, Moab Golf Club, Castle Creek Winery & Moab Brewery
Two AncestryDNA Kits and $100 gift certificate to Silver Fork Lodge. Everyone knows a successful AncestryDNA test requires a healthy slug of saliva. We hope your dinner at Silver Fork Lodge will have you salivating!
Value: $218
Donated by: Ancestry.com and Silver Fork Lodge
Pop Art Matted Print in Black Frame 16 x 20 , and two tickets to "Grease" at Pioneer Theater
Value: $357
Donated by: Chris Pellegrino and Pioneer Theater
One Night Stay at the Homestead Resort, Crater Swim, scenic train ride vouchers for two on the Heber Valley Historic Railroad, $75 gift card to Midway Mercantile & Sego Lily Gift Basket from Everything Utah.
Value: $375
Donated by: Homestead Resort, Heber Valley Historic Railroad, Midway Mercantile & Everything Utah.
Olive Garden gift basket including a $50 gift card, four tickets to Hale Centre Theatre's production of "Freaky Friday"
Value: $325.00
Donated by Olive Garden Restaurant, Hale Centre Theatre
Essential Oils Gift Basket from DoTerra, including Peppermint, Douglas Fir, and Cinnamon Essential Oils, along with a Lumo Diffuser, EA Touch Kit, and Throat Drops.
Value: $300
Donated by: DoTerra
Gift Basket with Cooking Book, Apron, and gift certificate for 4 to attend a cooking class, or private dinner at the Park City Culinary Institute.
Value: $240
Donated by Park City Culinary Institute
Soft and cozy Minky Couture Adult Blanket, with a $50 gift certificate to Cactus & Tropicals.
Value: $209
Donated by: Minky Couture, and Cactus & Tropicals
Fred Conlon metal sculptures; "Hoser the Poser" and "Army Ant" planter pot holder
Value: $180
Donated by Fred Conlon
Two tickets to the Utah Shakespeare Festival, one night stay in a deluxe king room at Iron Gate Inn in Cedar City and a natural colored pearl necklace by Payne Anthony.
Value: $514
Donated by: Utah Shakespeare Festival, Iron Gate Inn & Payne Anthony
Cuisinart 12- Bottle Duel Zone Wine Cellar & 2 Bottles of Wine.
Value: $350.00
Donated by: Mary Ross & friends of CNS
Four tickets to Ririe-Woodbury Dance Company's spring show, $50 gift certificate to Caffe Molise, and necklace & earrings
Value: $350.00
Donated by: Katie Waltman, Rire-Woodbury Dance Company, and Caffe Molise
· ABC 4 News Studio Tour (Up to 10 guests are given a tour of the studio/station and get the chance to watch a live broadcast from inside the studio)
· Good Things Utah Segment (Got something awesome to share with our audience – get on TV and tell GTU viewers all about it)
· Kid Chef (Child, 8-14 years old, demonstrates or assists a guest chef, with a recipe in a live broadcast from our studio kitchen)
· Junior Reporter for a Day (Child, 8-14 years old, shadows a reporter on a special assignment)
· Weather Kid (Child, 8-14 years old, joins one of our meteorologist to forecast the weather on the 6PM News)
Value: Priceless
Donated by: ABC4 Good 4 Utah


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The largest jackpot in Mega Millions history was $656 million annuity value (with a cash option of $474 million) for the March 30, 2012 drawing, in which there were three jackpot-winning tickets; one each in Illinois, Kansas, and Maryland. All three tickets had been claimed by April 18, with each set of winners choosing the cash option of $158 million.[6]
Ask for the All Star Bonus with your Lotto America purchase! For an extra $1 All Star Bonus purchase you could increase your prize amount (except the jackpot) by 2, 3, 4 or 5. If you match 5 white ball numbers and have purchased the All Star Bonus, you will have multiplied your $20,000 prize to as much as $100,000! The prize payout does not increase if you match 5 and the Star Ball; in that case you win the jackpot!
We are proud to share the stories of theLotter's players who have won huge prizes playing the Mega Millions lottery. Nataliia from Ukraine matched the five main numbers in the draw on 26 September 2017 to become our first Mega Millions millionaire. Her Mega Millions subscription using the Quick Pick numbers not only ensured that she would never miss a single draw, but also ended up winning her a $1 million prize!
Choose five numbers from between 1 and 69. Like nearly all lotteries, none of these five numbers can be the same and the order doesn't matter. You'll also choose a Powerball number between 1 and 26. We recommend you spend a little more and take the Power Play option; we explain why in more detail below. Once you've bought a ticket, you're going to have to wait for the drawings to take place on Wednesdays and Saturdays at 10:59 p.m. (EST). It's that simple and will take you one step closer to hunting down that big win.
Once your lottery ticket is purchased, scanned and uploaded to your account, you own the ticket and the rights of the ticket – legally speaking what the agent has after scanning in your ticket is just a piece a paper. (This is why you should never trust a website that claims it is legitimate and does not following the insurance model but does not scan the tickets and send them to you – red flag).
Mega Millions Lottery is the second big lottery of the USA. Or is is the best and highest US lottery next to the Powerball. The lottery of Mega Millions is available for everyone. People who are not American can participate quite easy by buying tickets from various providers. Once a player has bought tickets via an external provider, he or she will directly receive an Email with the certified tickets.
The advantages to group game tickets is that is a good way to maximize your exposure (you have a little bit of a lot of tickets) without spending fortunes of multiple tickets. Due to the US Powerball having a minimum jackpot of $40m, group game tickets are always an attractive option as even with only a 2.5% share of the syndicate, you will still win $1m! As the jackpots grow, the Syndicate option becomes more and more appealing. The mantra of the group game player is "it's better to have a little bit of something than a big bit of nothing."
Today, all 44 individual state lotteries offer both Mega Millions and Powerball as a result of a 2009 agreement between the Mega Millions consortium and MUSL to cross-license their joint games to one another's members, although the two organizations continue to administer Mega Millions and Powerball separately. D.C. and the U.S. Virgin Islands also offer both games. Only the Puerto Rico Lottery offers only Powerball and not Mega Millions.
This website and the games available thereon are operated by Kootac. Kootac Trading Limited, with its registered office at No. 30, Kenilworth, Flat 3, Sir Augustus Bartolo Street, Ta' Xbiex, XBX 1093, Malta (EU) is licensed by the UK Gambling Commission to operate remote gambling in Great Britain under licence number 000-044791-R-324883-004. Kootac N.V., with its registered office at Heelsumstraat 51 E-commerce Park, Curacao is officially licensed by the Government of Curacao to operate online gambling based on the licence number 8048/JAZ2013-014.
Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky and Michigan currently have official websites that sell entries to residents and funnel revenue to the state. The one caveat with these: You must have a valid address in the state you're purchasing from, and you must be physically present there when you click to purchase. Lying about your location is a crime punishable by fines and jail time.
Like the other big American lottery, USA Powerball, Mega Millions started life under a different name. Originally the lottery was known as The Big Game when it launched in 1996 with tickets going on sale in a handful of US States, including Georgia, Maryland and Virginia. In the early days of The Big Game draws were only held once a week on Fridays.
Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of all information contained on this site. This site, however, is not the final authority on games, winning numbers, or other information. All winning tickets must be validated by the NMLA before prizes will be paid. You must be 18 years of age or older to play the lottery. Our site is constantly updated with new information. Please check back often.
In 2013, US Powerball announced that it had a goal: to reach a $1 billion jackpot by 2022. The lottery has since passed the half a billion mark on four different occasions, and fans and players eagerly anticipated the grand rollover that would knock the others out of the top spots. As luck would have it, they only had to wait three years, not nine, to see their billion-dollar dreams come true. On 13 January 2016, the world's three luckiest ticket holders -- in Tennessee, California, and Florida -- shared the biggest jackpot ever in lottery history: $1.58 billion!
Intraday Data provided by SIX Financial Information and subject to terms of use. Historical and current end-of-day data provided by SIX Financial Information. All quotes are in local exchange time. Real-time last sale data for U.S. stock quotes reflect trades reported through Nasdaq only. Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements.
In the aftermath of the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, the legislature in Albany, fearing a monumental loss of revenue, passed legislation the following month, which was signed by Governor George Pataki, which included joining a multi-jurisdictional lottery game. Around the same time, for entirely different reasons, Ohio's governor also gave the green light to joining a multi-jurisdictional game. Both lotteries opted to join The Big Game, which, at the time, was offered in seven states. The added populations of the two new jurisdictions, in turn, led to a larger double matrix. The first machine continued to hold white 52 balls, while 16 gold balls were added in the second, meaning there were 52 numbers to pick from in both parts of each $1 game. On May 15, 2002, the game was renamed The Big Game Mega Millions; shortly after, it became just Mega Millions. Except for the 2010 cross-selling expansion, this was the only time The Big Game or Mega Millions simultaneously added more than one member.
Jump up ^ "NEW YORK STATE GAMING COMMISSION AMENDMENT OF SECTIONS 5004.9, 5007.2, 5007.13, 5007.15, 5007.16, 5009.2 and 5010.2 OF NEW YORK CODES, RULES AND REGULATIONS TITLE 9, SUBTITLE T, CHAPTER III, SUBCHAPTER A" (PDF). New York State Gaming Commission. New York State Gaming Commission. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 24, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-02.
Include all your natural children, children of your other spouse, legally adopted children and stepchildren who are unmarried under the age of 21 years on the date of your application. You need to includes these children even if you are no longer married to the child's parent, even if the child does not reside with you and/or will not immigrate with you.
Lotto America players are required to pick five main numbers from a range of 52, plus one Star Ball from a separate pool of 1 to 10. Alternatively, players can select the Quick Pick option to have Lotto America numbers randomly selected for them. Tickets costs $1 per line, but for an additional $1 players can also select an All Star Bonus option to have any non-jackpot prize multiplied - much like the Powerplay option in Powerball.
Note: As indicated in the instructions, for the purposes of eligibility some countries include components and dependent areas overseas. If you are a native of a dependency or overseas territory, please select the appropriate country of eligibility. For example, natives of Macau S.A.R should select Portugal, and natives of Martinique should select France.
This website and the games available thereon are operated by Kootac. Kootac Trading Limited, with its registered office at No. 30, Kenilworth, Flat 3, Sir Augustus Bartolo Street, Ta' Xbiex, XBX 1093, Malta (EU) is licensed by the UK Gambling Commission to operate remote gambling in Great Britain under licence number 000-044791-R-324883-004. Kootac N.V., with its registered office at Heelsumstraat 51 E-commerce Park, Curacao is officially licensed by the Government of Curacao to operate online gambling based on the licence number 8048/JAZ2013-014.
Unlike Hot Lotto, which used a random number generator during most of its run (including the December 2010 drawing whose jackpot was "won" by Eddie Tipton, a MUSL employee), Lotto America is drawn using physical ball machines and numbered balls. One machine draws the five main numbers while another is used to draw the "Star Ball". As of September 1, 2018, none of these drawings have been made available to the viewing public; these drawings are believed to be held in Tallahassee, Florida, even though Florida does not participate in the game.[5]
When Texas joined Mega Millions in 2003, it began offering an option, initially available only to Texas Lottery players, known as the Megaplier, which was similar to Powerball's Power Play. The 11 Mega Millions lotteries without Megaplier on the January 31, 2010 cross-selling date gradually added the multiplier option; by January 2011, all Mega Millions lotteries, except for California, offered the Megaplier. The Texas Lottery owns the trademark to Megaplier.[8]
With an impressive $40,000,000 starting jackpot, US Powerball offers the biggest starting jackpot of any world lottery, and its $1.58 billion personal best from January 2016 is the all-time lottery world record! Match all five main numbers and the Powerball and you could be celebrating a multi-million dollar win in America's favourite lotto! When you play Powerball online, in addition to the jackpot you can win one of eight exciting secondary prizes including a second prize that starts at $1 million!
Powerball lottery draws are held every Wednesday and Saturday at 22h59 Eastern Time and are broadcast live. The results of each lotto draw are not official until they are audited by an accounting firm. There are nine prize tiers on the Powerball Lottery, with approximate prizes ranging from $4 - $1,000,000. Players' tickets for the US Powerball are purchased by our ticket purchasing offices based in Connecticut, USA.
Intraday Data provided by SIX Financial Information and subject to terms of use. Historical and current end-of-day data provided by SIX Financial Information. All quotes are in local exchange time. Real-time last sale data for U.S. stock quotes reflect trades reported through Nasdaq only. Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements.
The owner of the store that sold the ticket is incentivized to get the winnings to the right person as this is the only way they can receive their bonus for selling the winning tickets (They will not get paid until any disputes have been settled) – In the case of the Iraqi man winning the Oregon State lottery, the shop that sold the ticket received a $64,000 'selling bonus'.


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The life of a man who deliberately runs through his fortune often becomes a business speculation; his friends, his pleasures, patrons, and acquaintances are his capital.
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Top Architecture Colleges in India
You must now be well aware of the field of architecture and hope that you have understood the importance of pursuing the course in a reputed college. In this article the top architecture colleges in India to study the course are listed. For exam dates and fee related queries visit the respective university website and check the contact section where the contact details of the university are mentioned. Anyone who has studied class XII or 10+2 is eligible to take the entrance exams. Please keep in mind that mathematics is important and certain institutes state that a student who hasn't studied mathematics in 10+2 is not eligible for the entrance exam.
An architect is a person who has studied the trade and is a licensed professional to plan and design construction of buildings or structures.
Here is the list of the top Architecture colleges in India:
Sir JJ College of Architecture, Mumbai
Address: 78/3, Dadabhai Naoroji Rd, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Area, Fort, Mumbai
Maharashtra 400001
Phone: 022 – 2262 1649
Website: www.sirjjarchitecture.org
School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi
Address: 4 – Block-B, Indraprastha Estate
New Delhi – 110002
Phone: 011 – 2370 2376
Website: www.spa.ac.in
IIT Kharagpur
Post Technology, Paschim Medinipur, Kharagpur
West Bengal 721302
Phone: 03222 255 221
Website: www.iitkgp.ac.in
Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi
Address: Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar,
New Delhi – 110025
Phone: 011 – 2698 1717
Website: www.jmi.ac.in
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra
Address: BIT Mersra Road, Mesra, Ranchi,
Jharkhand – 835215
Phone: 0651 – 227 5444
Website: www.bitmesra.ac.in
Chandigarh College of Architecture, Chandigarh
Address: Sector 12,
Chandigarh – 160012
Phone: 0172 274 0685
Website: ww.cca.nic.in
Jadavpur University, Kolkata
Address: Plot No. 8, Salt Lake Bypass, LB Block, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata,
West Bengal 700098
Phone: 033 – 2335 5215
Website: www.jaduniv.edu.in
Department of Architecture, NIT Tiruchirappalli
Address: Tanjore Main Road, National Highway 67, Tiruchirappalli,
Tamil Nadu – 620015
Phone: 0431 – 250 0370
Website: www.nitt.edu
Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal
Address: Manipal-Udupi District,
Karnataka – 576104
Phone: 0820 – 2571060
Website: www.manipal.edu
Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology University, Ahmedabad
Address: 120, Feet Ring Rd, University Area, Ahmedabad,
Gujarat – 380009
Phone: 079 – 2630 2452
Website: www.cept.ac.in