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Four-Mirror Freeform Reflective Imaging Systems
National Aeronautics and Space Administration — Central Objectives: The research involves a revelation of the solution space for revolutionary families of four-mirror freeform reflective imaging systems. A...
Analysis of a four-mirror-cavity enhanced Michelson interferometer.
Thüring, André; Lück, Harald; Danzmann, Karsten
We investigate the shot-noise-limited sensitivity of a four-mirror-cavity enhanced Michelson interferometer. The intention of this interferometer topology is the reduction of thermal lensing and the impact of the interferometers contrast although transmissive optics are used with high circulating powers. The analytical expressions describing the light fields and the frequency response are derived. Although the parameter space has 11 dimensions, a detailed analysis of the resonance feature gives boundary conditions allowing systematic parameter studies.
Single mode operation in a pulsed Ti:sapphire laser oscillator with a grazing-incidence four-mirror cavity
Ko, D K; Binks, D J; Gloster, L A W; King, T A
We demonstrate stable single mode operation in a pulsed Ti:sapphire laser oscillator with a novel grazing-incidence four-mirror coupled cavity. This cavity consists of a grating, a gain medium, and four mirrors and, therefore, has a four-arm interferometer configuration. Through the interferometric effect, we could suppress the adjacent modes and obtain stable single mode operation with a bandwidth of < 200 MHz. We also have developed a general analysis of the laser modes and the threshold conditions for configuration and the experimental results agree well with the theoretical predictions.
Design, manufacturing and testing of a four-mirror telescope with a wide field of view
Gloesener, P.; Wolfs, F.; Lemagne, F.; Cola, M.; Flebus, C.; Blanchard, G.; Kirschner, V.
Regarding Earth observation missions, it has become unnecessary to point out the importance of making available wide field of view optical instruments for the purpose of spectral imaging. Taking advantage of the pushbroom instrument concept with its linear field across the on-ground track, it is in particular relevant to consider front-end optical configurations that involve an all-reflective system presenting inherent and dedicated advantages such as achromaticity, unobscuration and compactness, while ensuring the required image quality over the whole field. The attractiveness of the concept must be balanced with respect to the state-of-the-art mirror manufacturing technologies as the need for fast, broadband and wide field systems increases the constraints put on the feasibility of each individual component. As part of an ESTEC contract, AMOS designed, manufactured and tested a breadboard of a four-mirror wide field telescope for typical Earth observation superspectral missions. The initial purpose of the development was to assess the feasibility of a telecentric spaceborne three-mirror system covering an unobscured rectangular field of view of 26 degrees across track (ACT) by 6 degrees along track (ALT) with a f-number of 3.5 and a focal length of 500 mm and presenting an overall image quality better than 100 nm RMS wavefront error within the whole field.
Practice of New Style Information Literacy Education Attached Internet Enviroment
堀内, 泰輔
Nowadays, to say nothing of importance of Information education. And Internet technology is developed more and more. Accordingly, at elemental information processing education, it is important to teach not only information literacy but also network literacy. In this paper, we describe about practice of new style information literacy education for freshman of our technical college, and we mention about the results and problems of this education.
A laser gyro with a four-mirror square resonator: formulas for simulating the dynamics of the synchronisation zone parameters of the frequencies of counterpropagating waves during the device operation in the self-heating regime
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bondarenko, E A
For a laser gyro with a four-mirror square resonator we have developed a mathematical model, which allows one to simulate the temporal behaviour of the synchronisation zone parameters of the frequencies of counterpropagating waves in a situation when the device operates in the self-heating regime and is switched-on at different initial temperatures. (laser gyroscopes)
Study of a high finesse four mirrors Fabry Perot cavity for X-rays and Gamma rays production by laser-electron Compton scattering
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fedala, Y.
The main goal of this thesis is the study and design of a high finesse Fabry Perot cavity to amplify a laser beam in order to achieve power gains ranging from 10 4 to 10 5 . This cavity is dedicated to the production of intense and monochromatic X-ray for medical applications (medical RADIOTHOMX ring) and gamma rays for a Compton based polarized positron source by Compton scattering of a high power laser beam and electron beam. To increase the brightness of the Compton interaction at the collision points, it is essential to have not only a high power laser beam but also very small laser beam radii at the interaction points. To achieve such performances, 2 scenarios are possible: a concentric 2 mirrors cavity which is mechanically unstable or a 4 mirrors cavity more complex but more stable. We tested numerically mechanical stability and stability of Eigen modes polarization of various planar and non-planar geometries of 4 mirrors cavities. Experimentally, we have developed a four mirrors tetrahedral 'bow-tie' cavity; radii of the order of 20 microns were made. The Eigen modes of such a cavity, in both planar and non planar geometries, were measured and compared with the numerical results. A good agreement was observed. In a second time, the impact of Compton interaction on the transverse dynamics, in the case of the polarized positrons source, and the longitudinal dynamic, in the case of the medical ring of the electron beam was studied. Compton scattering causes energy loss and induces an additional dispersion of energy in electron beam. For the polarized positrons source, 10 collision points are planned. The transport line has been determined and the modelling of the Compton interaction effect with a simple matrix calculation was made. For the medical ring, Compton scattering causes bunch lengthening and the increase of energy dispersion which are to influence the produced X-ray flux. A study of the longitudinal dynamics of the electron beam in the ring was
New-Style Laparoscope and Endoscope Cooperative Gallbladder-Preserving Surgery for Polyps
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Li, M.; Wu, H.; Wei, S.
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new style of Laparoscope and Endoscope Cooperative gallbladderpreserving Surgery (LECS), an improved method of minimally invasive gallbladder-preserving polypectomy. Study Design: An experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China, from January 2009 to July 2013. Methodology: Clinical data of patients subjected to LECS and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) was analysed. The inclusion criteria were normal size clear gallbladder bile with total volume (FV) of the gallbladder = 15 - 25 ml, the Residual Volume (RV) = 5 ml, and the Emptying Figure (EF) > 75 percentage, with polyps diagnosed definitively by B-type ultrasonic imaging or CT desirous of preserving gallbladder. Exclusion criteria were a history of midsection surgery, serious diseases of any organ, hepatic injury, or coagulation disturbance. Mean hospital stay and complications were also noted. Independent sample t-test, the frequency comparison used chi-square test (N > 5), and Fisher's exact test (N < 5) were used for statistical test. Results: The mean hospital stay after LECS was 3.50 ± 0.31 days, and 3.50 ± 0.31 days for the LC group. The mean age in LC and LECS group was 50 ± 25.4 and 44 ± 12.1 years, respectively. Complications after operation in the LECS were indigestion and diarrhea; LC group had indigestion (9.33 percentage), diarrhea (10.67 percentage), and gastroesophageal reflux (6.6.7 percentage). In the 3 months follow-up after discharging from the hospital, no patient had recurrence of any gallbladder disease; at 1 year follow-up, 1 patient (1.28 percentage) developed cholesterol crystals; at 3-year follow-up, 3 cases (3.84 percentage) were found to have recurring polyps (2-4 pieces), and 2 (2.56 percentage) patients developed cholesterol crystals. Conclusion: Minimally invasive gallbladder-preserving polypectomy which used a CHIAO
Dynamic Architecture. New Style Forming Aspects
Belyaeva, T. V.
The article deals with the methods of buildings and structures transformation in the light of modern solutions in dynamic architecture. The mechanism for the formation of a modern object is proposed. Such design methods are becoming rather relevant in view of today's trends while the priority of dynamic architecture directions keeps increasing.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
N. M. Mamedova
Full Text Available The paper analyzes the characteristics of the broadcast of sociocultural experience. It is shown that modern historical stage is associated with the formation of a united democratic style of relationship to the cultural heritage of the past. It is caused by deep-seated patterns of culture itself, increased integration in all spheres of society. In this regard, feature of temporal being culture - the presence of social memory is highlighted. Formation of human values is the result of a kind of cultural history. As a key mechanism of successive development of a culture increasingly recognized the need for careful and responsible attitude to national cultures, to the cultural wealth of mankind.
Single-axis four-mirror system: large spherical primary and small fields
Baranne, Andre
A catoptric corrector of modest size can be used for large spherical primaries, easily integrated at the prime focus, this corrector gives back to the system, aspect and properties of 2-mirrors classical telescopes. In the last few years, progress in active and adaptative optics makes possible a lot of things, progress in measuring distances, new ideas on optical coatings, new materials and so on in a near future, all that makes the instrumentalist dreamy It is said that nobody knows today if the size of 3rd millennium telescopes will be limited or not by a theoretical, physical or technical phenomenon, thus let us imagine but with thoughtfulness because our projects will be surely restricted by financial considerations
Possibilities of Architectural Lighting to Create New Style
Chudinova, V. G.; Bokova, O. R.
The article presents the argumentation of the provision on the style-forming potential of the lighting design the sphere of which is interpreted in a wide range of genres. The area of the intersection of form-building technological and artistic aspects lies in the field of ecology which includes not only energy saving, but also the well-being of the human and the society. The theory and practice of designing the night-time image of architectural ensembles, buildings and landscapes develops much slower than the implementation of light solutions in the advertising industry. In most cases, the possibilities of lighting design are used only in the field of decorative lighting despite their huge aesthetic potential and rapidly improving technologies. The request for innovation and uniqueness usually arises on the basis of image and political ambitions of large corporations or for the positioning of powerful brands. The success of such projects becomes a driver for both creation and promotion of innovative solutions. However, in a broader scientific sense, not only the design of artificial light systems but also the optimization of the daylight usage falls into the sphere lighting design. The need for the new methods of architectural shaping is dictated by the need to introduce in the building of resource-saving lighting technologies, ecological infrastructure including alternative energy sources. The article gives the examples of different lighting design genres supplemented with illustrations. The conclusions concern the prospective directions and tasks of scientific research in the field of lighting design.
RISC. A new style in the design of architectures
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Cortadella, J.; Gonzalez, A.; Llaberia, J.M.
In the 80's a new architecture design and implementation style has appeared: the RISC style. It proposes an overall view of the system were the processor is included. For each function, an extensive analysis has to be performed in order to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages that hardware and software introduce in the design. An optimum design involved an agreement between both levels and has to take into account cost, performance, and technological factors. In this paper, the main features of this new architecture design style are presented. (Author)
New style in comunication: consumer-generated media
Mihai Teodor Negrea
The following paper reveals the content of a new form of comunication used as vehicle for information between consumers on the Internet. Consumer-Generated Media (CGM) describes a variety of new sources of online information that are created, initiated, circulated and used by consumers intent on educating each other about products, brands, services, personalities and issues. The particularities of this concept demand full attention from marketers, because its content offer a large amount of i...
'Radiation Hunters' - A new style in ecological education
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Yakovleva, Elena; Shmelev, Sergey
Moscow Scientific and Industrial Association Radon is an organization responsible for radiation safety in the central part of Russian Federation. This part includes Moscow, Moscow region and ten surrounding regions. 40 million people live in this zone and 2600 organizations dealing with radioactive materials are situated there. 31 of them are radiation- and nuclear-dangerous objects. Radon carries out collecting, transporting, treatment, and storage of radioactive waste from non-power applications. During over thirty years at Soviet times the enterprise's activity was secret. Only in 1987 did the society begin getting reliable information about the enterprise's activity. Since 2001 the gained experience has let us widen the framework of this activity. A new programme 'Radiation without Secrets' has been worked out jointly with Moscow Children's Ecological Center. The aim of the programme is to provide extensive information on the topic of radiation and radioactivity and to help schoolchildren to understand the subject and see things in correct proportions. The means of the programme are theoretical study, training, visual and training aids, 'Hunting Radiation' - a training game. The philosophy of the process is to overcome through playing the attitude to radiation as to an extremely dangerous and harmful phenomenon. Prompt information of population about radiation conditions includes preparation and distribution of weekly press releases, weekly radio broadcasts, organizing monthly press-tours, holding press-conferences and roundtable talks. Ecological education - 'radiation literacy' is concerned with distribution of monthly ecological bulletin among schoolchildren, and issuing of training visual aids
Discipline without Anger: A New Style of Classroom Management
Campbell, Doug
Ever since the first schools opened their doors, teachers have struggled to find ways to successfully deal with misbehaving students. Many have found nothing but stress and frustration in their attempts to bring order to their classrooms. Unfortunately, this problem is not going away. As times and students change, teachers are finding that old…
'Radiation Hunters' - A new style in ecological education
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yakovleva, Elena [Radon - Press, Kryvorozskaya 33, P.O. Box 5, 113638 Moscow (Russian Federation); Shmelev, Sergey [SIA ' RADON' , 7th Rostovsky Lane, P.O.Box 2/14, 119121 Moscow (Russian Federation)
Moscow Scientific and Industrial Association Radon is an organization responsible for radiation safety in the central part of Russian Federation. This part includes Moscow, Moscow region and ten surrounding regions. 40 million people live in this zone and 2600 organizations dealing with radioactive materials are situated there. 31 of them are radiation- and nuclear-dangerous objects. Radon carries out collecting, transporting, treatment, and storage of radioactive waste from non-power applications. During over thirty years at Soviet times the enterprise's activity was secret. Only in 1987 did the society begin getting reliable information about the enterprise's activity. Since 2001 the gained experience has let us widen the framework of this activity. A new programme 'Radiation without Secrets' has been worked out jointly with Moscow Children's Ecological Center. The aim of the programme is to provide extensive information on the topic of radiation and radioactivity and to help schoolchildren to understand the subject and see things in correct proportions. The means of the programme are theoretical study, training, visual and training aids, 'Hunting Radiation' - a training game. The philosophy of the process is to overcome through playing the attitude to radiation as to an extremely dangerous and harmful phenomenon. Prompt information of population about radiation conditions includes preparation and distribution of weekly press releases, weekly radio broadcasts, organizing monthly press-tours, holding press-conferences and roundtable talks. Ecological education - 'radiation literacy' is concerned with distribution of monthly ecological bulletin among schoolchildren, and issuing of training visual aids.
New Style of Volcanic Eruption Activity Identified in Galileo NIMS data at Marduk Fluctus, Io
Davies, A. G.; Davies, R. L.; Veeder, G. J.; de Kleer, K.; De Pater, I.; Matson, D.
Analysis of observations of Marduk Fluctus, Io, by the Galileo Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) reveals a style of volcanic activity not previously seen on Io - a very short-duration, highly-changeable, powerful thermal event, similar to what might be expected from a strombolian-like explosion. Marduk Fluctus is a persistent active volcano characterised by ≈3600 km2 of silicate flows [1]. Between 1996 and 2001, NIMS obtained 44 observations of Marduk Fluctus at a wide variety of spatial and spectral resolutions. Six observations were obtained during Galileo orbit E4, with five nighttime observations obtained on 1996 Dec 19 in the space of less than three hours. Three of these observations were each separated by one minute. Compared to the previous observation obtained a few hours earlier, the first two of these three observations show an order of magnitude increase in spectral radiance (corrected for emission angle). Spectral radiance then dropped back to the background level one minute later. The emission angles for these five E4 observations are large (>70°), but even without the emission angle radiance correction the spike in activity is still a factor of five larger than the pre- and post-spike radiances. The NIMS spectrum of the central observation shows a shift in peak of thermal emission to short wavelengths characteristic of the exposure of a large area of incandescent lava. The rapid increase and decrease in activity suggests an equally rapid physical process, the most likely being a large strombolian explosion that generated small clasts that cooled rapidly. The presence of such events provide an additional volcanic process that can be imaged with the intent of determining lava composition from eruption temperature, an important constraint on internal composition and state. For this particular eruption type, eruption temperature can be constrained if non-saturated, multiple-wavelength IR observations are obtained simultaneously and with very short integration times [2] to overcome uncertainties introduced by rapid cooling. References: [1] Veeder, G. J. et al. (2012) Icarus, 219, 701-722. [2] Davies A. G. et al. (2017) JVGR, in press, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.04.016. This work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory-California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA.
New style of competition. Application of concurrent engineering to automotive development; Atarashii kyoso no sutairu. Jidosha kaihatsu ni okeru konkarento engineering
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Miura, N. [Nissan Motor Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
The global marketing competition has started since 1980, shorten of lead time in product development and studies on process of product development in accordance with customers` needs were conducted in Europe and America. In European and American businesses, cross functional team action in Japanese business that engineers in different departments carried out cooperative work and solved problems has been given an attention, this would be constructed systematically as an engineering method of Concurrent Engineering (CE). In this system, a method of quality design process for carrying out safety design replaced with correct design in according to requirement of customers; shorten of the developing period and tools supporting team action such as CAD, CAM and CAE as communication tools were introduced in process of product development. In this paper, role and importance of CE in parallel simultaneously and developed in accordance with customers` needs were explained. 8 refs., 2 figs.
Interpretation of driving style tips : application of the major driving style tips of "New Style Driving" by passenger car drivers and the effects on fuel consumption and tail pipe emissions
Burgwal, H.C. van de; Gense, N.L.J.
Besides the applied engine and vehicle technology, the fuel economy of a car is also influenced by the behaviour of its driver. In the order to address the influence of a driver on the fuel consumption of road vehicles, the Dutch government and Novem have developed a national programme called "The
Task-Based Language Learning: Old Approach, New Style. A New Lesson to Learn (Aprendizaje basado en tareas: un antiguo enfoque, un nuevo estilo. Una nueva lección para aprender)
Rodríguez-Bonces, Mónica; Rodríguez-Bonces, Jeisson
This paper provides an overview of Task-Based Language Learning (TBL) and its use in the teaching and learning of foreign languages. It begins by defining the concept of TBL, followed by a presentation of its framework and implications, and finally, a lesson plan based on TBL. The article presents an additional stage to be considered when planning…
Well-crystallized ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanosheets as a new-style support of Au catalyst for high efficient CO preferential oxidation in H{sub 2} stream under visible light irradiation
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yang, Kai [Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002 (China); School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi (China); Zhang, Yujuan; Meng, Chao [Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002 (China); Cao, FangFang [School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi (China); State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Float Glass Technology, Bengbu 233000 (China); Chen, Xun; Fu, Xianzhi [Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002 (China); Dai, Wenxin, E-mail: email@example.com [Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002 (China); Yu, Changlin, E-mail: email@example.com [School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi (China)
Highlights: • Spinel ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanosheets were fabricated by a facile template-free wet chemical method. • ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanosheet supported Au catalyst exhibited a good stability for oxidizing CO. • Visible light could promote the adsorption and activation of CO and O{sub 2} on Au/ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4}. • A efficient charge transfer occurred on the interface of Au and ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4}. - Abstract: A kind of high dispersed gold catalyst supported on the spinel ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanosheets was readily fabricated by a facile template-free wet chemical method for CO oxidation in H{sub 2}-rich streams at room temperature under visible light irradiation or not, which was found to be a high performance catalyst. As verified by X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectra, N{sub 2} adsorption–desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS), photoelectrochemical measurement and photoluminescence (PL) spectra results, the contribution of high crystallinity, the enhanced mass and charge transport, the longer lifetime of surface electrons as well as the optical absorbance properties on Au/ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} enabled the superior CO preferential oxidation. Notably, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and CO chemisorption (TPD-MS) results indicate that visible light could promote the adsorption and activation of both CO and O{sub 2} at Au/ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} due to both the photo-response of Au nanoparticles and the photo-excitation of ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} band gap under visible light irradiation. This study indicates that Au/ZnCo{sub 2}O{sub 4} may be highly desirable for a promising photo-assisted Au catalyst.
The Pedagogy of Precarity: Laboring to Learn in the New Economy
Carfagna, Lindsey B.
The relationship between learning and labor has long been a topic of concern for sociologists of education. In this dissertation, I conduct an ethnography of open learning in the United States following the 2008 economic crisis and argue that a new style of learning is emerging amidst changes in the labor market. I call that new style of learning…
Pramana – Journal of Physics | Indian Academy of Sciences
Indian Academy of Sciences (India)
Using the ABCD matrix method, the common stability region between the sagittal and tangential planes of a four-mirror Kerr lens mode-locked (KLM) laser cavity is obtained for different ranges of input power. In addition, the effect of the input power on the Kerr lens sensitivity is investigated. Optimal input power and position ...
Using McStas for modelling complex optics, using simple building bricks
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Willendrup, Peter Kjær; Udby, Linda; Bergbäck Knudsen, Erik
linear: the neutron interacts with the beamline components in a sequential order, one by one. Historically, a beamline component with several parts had to be implemented with a complete, internal description of all these parts, e.g. a guide component including all four mirror plates and required logic...
Masses of particles in the SO(18) grand unified model
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Asatryan, G.M.
The grand unified model based on the orthogonal group SO(18) is treated. The model involves four familiar and four mirror families of fermions. Arising of masses of familiar and mirror particles is studied. The mass of the right-handed Wsub(R) boson interacting via right-handed current way is estimated
A Testbed for Highly-Scalable Mission Critical Information Systems
National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Birman, Kenneth P
... systems in a networked environment. Headed by Professor Ken Birman, the project is exploring a novel fusion of classical protocols for reliable multicast communication with a new style of peer-to-peer protocol called scalable "gossip...
Kaereperes harjutati tänavatantsu / Heino Laiapea
Laiapea, Heino, 1951-
27. 07 lõppes Studio 372 korraldatud rahvusvaheline tantsulaager, kus 65 noort Eestist ja Soomest harjutas tantsustiile NewStyle Hip Hop, Locking, House, Popping, Break Dance, Krumpling, Street Jazz, RNB Lyrucs ja Battle
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Pablo Rubio Gijon
Hishongwa belongs to a generation of writers who created a new style of expression in .... authority, can turn this authority into something even more autocratic. ... leadership of that (liberation) struggle" (Haarhoff 224), Hishongwa's Marrying ...
Are Statisticians Cold-Blooded Bosses? A New Perspective on the "Old" Concept of Statistical Population
Lu, Yonggang; Henning, Kevin S. S.
Spurred by recent writings regarding statistical pragmatism, we propose a simple, practical approach to introducing students to a new style of statistical thinking that models nature through the lens of data-generating processes, not populations. (Contains 5 figures.)
Amplifying mirrors with saturated gain without and with a resonator
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Skettrup, Torben
An investigation of amplifying mirrors with a view to their use in resonator structures has been performed. Both non-saturated and saturated amplifying mirrors are demonstrated. It was found that relatively high values of gain (typical 5-10 times) can be obtained even when saturation is taken...... into account. Several resonator structures containing from two up to four mirrors, some including beamsplitters, are investigated. It was found that the gain to a first approximation depends only on the ratio between the pumping power and the input power on the amplifying mirror. It was also found...... that the configuration with four mirrors is well suited as an amplifier device working as an optical transistor since high values of gain up to 40 times could be obtained....
Pseudo-gonio synechia: An artifact on two-mirror gonioscopy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Garudadri Chandra
Full Text Available Gonioscopy is an important component of evaluation of any glaucoma patient. Goldmann two-mirror and Sussman or Zeiss four-mirror are the commonly used gonioscopes. Presence of synechia in the angle is diagnostic of angle closure disease in an occludable angle. A patient with pseudo-goniosynechia that disappeared on indentation gonioscopy with Sussman lens but persisted with manipulation gonioscopy with a Goldmann lens is reported.
Pseudo-gonio synechia: an artifact on two-mirror gonioscopy.
Garudadri, Chandra Sekhar
Gonioscopy is an important component of evaluation of any glaucoma patient. Goldmann two-mirror and Sussman or Zeiss four-mirror are the commonly used gonioscopes. Presence of synechia in the angle is diagnostic of angle closure disease in an occludable angle. A patient with pseudo-gonio synechia that disappeared on indentation gonioscopy with Sussman lens but persisted with manipulation gonioscopy with a Goldmann lens is reported.
Pseudo-gonio synechia: An artifact on two-mirror gonioscopy
Garudadri, Chandra Sekhar
Gonioscopy is an important component of evaluation of any glaucoma patient. Goldmann two-mirror and Sussman or Zeiss four-mirror are the commonly used gonioscopes. Presence of synechia in the angle is diagnostic of angle closure disease in an occludable angle. A patient with pseudo-goniosynechia that disappeared on indentation gonioscopy with Sussman lens but persisted with manipulation gonioscopy with a Goldmann lens is reported.
Fast Ion Collective Thomson Scattering Diagnostic for ITER
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Korsholm, Søren Bang; Bindslev, Henrik; Furtula, Vedran
In the era of high power and burning plasma fusion experiments with significant populations of fast particles, the diagnosis of fast ion dynamics becomes an important topic. In ITER, populations of fast ions due to ICRH and NBI, as well as fusion born alphas will carry a significant fraction...... of mock-up measurements have brought the design towards a four mirror quasi-optical solution. The development as well as the present design will be presented....
The Square Light Clock and Special Relativity
Galli, J. Ronald; Amiri, Farhang
A thought experiment that includes a square light clock is similar to the traditional vertical light beam and mirror clock, except it is made up of four mirrors placed at a 45[degree] angle at each corner of a square of length L[subscript 0], shown in Fig. 1. Here we have shown the events as measured in the rest frame of the square light clock. By…
Job satisfaction and job content in Dutch dental hygienists.
Jerković-Ćosić, K; van Offenbeek, M A G; van der Schans, C P
This study compares the scope of practice of Dutch dental hygienists (DHs) educated through a 2- or 3-year curriculum ('old-style DHs') with that of hygienists educated through a new extended 4-year curriculum leading to a bachelor's degree ('new-style DHs'), with the aim to investigate whether an extended scope of practice positively affects perceived skill variety, autonomy and job satisfaction. The questionnaires were obtained from old- and new-style DHs (n = 413, response 38%; n = 219, response 59%, respectively), in which respondents had recorded their dental tasks, perceived skill variety, autonomy and job satisfaction. T -tests were used to analyse differences between old- and new-style DHs, and regression analyses were performed to assess the relation between scope of practice and skill variety, autonomy and job satisfaction. New-style DHs have a more extended scope of practice compared with old-style DHs. Despite their more complex jobs, which are theoretically related to higher job satisfaction, new-style DHs perceive lower autonomy and job satisfaction (P job satisfaction (β = 0.462), followed by autonomy (β = 0.202) and caries decisive tasks, the last affecting job satisfaction negatively (β = -0.149). Self-employment is the strongest significant predictor for autonomy (β = 0.272). The core business of DHs remains the prevention and periodontology services. New-style DHs combine these tasks with extended tasks in the caries field, which can lead to comparatively less job satisfaction, because of a lower experienced autonomy in performing these extended tasks. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
A novel water resistor divider with a coaxial low-voltage arm.
Jia, Wei; Chen, Weiqing; Mao, Congguang; Zeng, Jiangtao
A new style high voltage resistor divider made of saline solution has been constructed and tested. A coaxial construction is used on the low-voltage arm, as the signal extraction electrode, which can increase the attenuation ratio of the divider. The time response of divider limited by the stray parameter also can be improved. Comparing the results of calibrated experiment with the commonly used equal size copper sulfate dividers, the new probe has nearly five times increase in the attenuation ratio. The time response of the new style divider in the dimension of 30 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length can reach to 1 ns.
Job satisfaction and job content in Dutch dental hygienists
Jerkovic-Cosic, Katarina; van Offenbeek, M. A. G.; van der Schans, Cees
OBJECTIVES: This study compares the scope of practice of Dutch dental hygienists (DHs) educated through a 2- or 3-year curriculum ('old-style DHs') with that of hygienists educated through a new extended 4-year curriculum leading to a bachelor's degree ('new-style DHs'), with the aim to investigate
Job satisfaction and job content in Dutch dental hygienists
Jerkovic, K.; van Offenbeek, M.A.G.; van der Schans, C.P.
Objectives: This study compares the scope of practice of Dutch dental hygienists (DHs) educated through a 2- or 3-year curriculum ('old-style DHs') with that of hygienists educated through a new extended 4-year curriculum leading to a bachelor's degree ('new-style DHs'), with the aim to investigate
Information Extraction for Social Media
Habib, M. B.; Keulen, M. van
The rapid growth in IT in the last two decades has led to a growth in the amount of information available online. A new style for sharing information is social media. Social media is a continuously instantly updated source of information. In this position paper, we propose a framework for
Evaluatie van de BROEM-cursus nieuwe stijl : een vragenlijststudie onder oudere automobilisten.
Davidse, R.J. & Hoekstra, A.T.G.
Evaluation of the new style BROEM course; A survey among older drivers. This report contains an evaluation of the Dutch BROEM course. BROEM is an acronym for the Dutch words meaning Broad Consultation Elderly and Mobility and it is a Dutch national cooperation of the Royal Dutch Touring Club ANWB,
Design, Form, and Function in Art Education
Vande Zande, Robin
Human beings are influenced by design every day through continuous contact with functional form in and through visual culture. They encounter a continuous current of such new styles as clothing fashions, architecture, furniture and advertisements. The American pursuit of happiness has become related to an increasing flow of products and…
Evolution of river management: up to integrated and beyond?
Straatsma, M.W.; Nooij, R.J.W. de
Integrated river management is heralded as the new style of river management, but it has been preceded by a number of previous styles, and is unlikely to be the last. This article presents the first analysis of the evolution of river management using Spiral Dynamics (SD). SD provides a growth
Virtual Libraries: Service Realities.
Novak, Jan
Discussion of changes in society that have resulted from information and communication technologies focuses on changes in libraries and a new market for library services with new styles of clients. Highlights client service issues to be considered when transitioning to a virtual library situation. (Author/LRW)
What Can You Teach with Electronic Dance Music? A Music Teacher's Guide to EDM
Halick, Mary E.
Music teachers, who are working to develop students' musicianship skills, often focus on exposing students to new styles and genres of music. These initiatives encourage students to analyze, develop opinions, create, and perform music they may not normally hear. The purpose of this article is to introduce music educators to Electronic Dance Music…
An evaluation of the new home-care needs assessment policy in the Netherlands.
Algera, M.; Francke, A.L.; Kerkstra, A.; Zee, J. van der
The aim of the present study was to describe the realisation of the new-style needs assessment in the Netherlands and how it is evaluated. Furthermore, judgements about the new way of assessing (chronic) patients' needs with respect to home care are presented. Data were gathered by means of a postal
A Decentralized Group Treatment Program.
Conrow, Douglas C.
Old style and new style mental hospitals are criticized for not dealing directly with a person's inability to live within his community and relate effectively with significant people. The comprehensive mental health programs, which arose in reaction to the deficits of previous facilities and treatment, are viewed as frequently following a similar,…
Style popularity and the comovement of stocks
Wouters, T.; Plantinga, A.
We examine to what extent the popularity of an investment style can be attributed to style investing. The style investing hypothesis predicts that assets in the same style show strong comovement with respect to their underlying fundamentals and that reclassifying assets into a new style raises its
A Labeling Approach to the Computation of Credulous Acceptance in Argumentation
Verheij, Bart; Veloso, MM
In recent years, the combinatorics of argumentation with arguments that can attack each other has been studied extensively. Especially, attack graphs (put in the focus of attention by Dung's seminal work 1995) have proven to be a productive tool of analysis. In this paper a new style of algorithm is
Science Curriculum in the Market Liberal Society of the Twenty-First Century: "Re-Visioning" the Idea of Science for All
Smith, Dorothy V.; Gunstone, Richard F.
The period since the 1960s has seen dramatic change in the nature and practice of science, science education and secondary school education itself. This paper examines changes in the Science for All movement, setting these changes in the context of the societal shift towards market liberalism and the advancement of a new style of individualism. We…
Innovative Forms of Regional Structural Policy in Europe: the Role of Dominant Concepts and Knowledge Flows
Lagendijk, A.
The last decade has witnessed a revival of regional structural policy in the Western world. The new style of policy-making which has emerged differs markedly from the top-down distributional models that dominated the post-war period, but is also more pro-active than the hands-off approach of the
Deming's System of Profound Knowledge: An Overview for International Educators.
Evans, Thomas J.
W. Edwards Deming called for the transformation to a new style of organizational management based on greater cooperation between managers and employees. This transformation could be achieved by introducing "profound knowledge" into the system. This paper is a presentation outline that was used to introduce the basics of Deming's theory…
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Jun 10, 2009 ... of the Eucharist (a matter to which we shall return). An especially ... (See for instance the very first news report, based on the present writer's notes, in the Dutch ..... as role model for many Protestant reformers – there is also no proof that he ..... Augustine demonstrates this in his sermons: he uses a new style,.
رؤیة معاصره لاستخدام زخرفة زهرة اللاله بأسلوب الکروشیه الفیلیة
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Prof .Ali Hassan Abed Allah Hassan
Full Text Available The beginnings of this search term for the idea occurred to the researchers to create a new style of filet – crochet by inspiring the decoration of tulip flower during ottoman era to invent a new way to decorate textiles using crochet fillets, as one of the scholars is specializing in the field of Islamic Archaeology and worked as curator at the Museum of Islamic Art ,which gave him the opportunity to see the Islamic motifs closely and got amazed by these ornaments ,while the second scholar is specialized in clothing and textiles design and embroidery, which gives her the opportunity to benefit from the Islamic motifs of tulip flower to execute a new style in the implementation of this tracery style filet crochet on textiles
Simulation and experiemntal study on damper by accumulator
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Wang Xiaobin; Zhou Yong; Chen Wuxing; Hu Junhua
In order to prevent stressing penstocks broken by earthquake or other shock waves, dampers are used widely in nuclear power plant or pipelines transporting radioactive material. A new-style damper by accumulator is introduced. Inside the damper an accumulator is installed, the outward corrugated tubes are added outside the piston rod. So it has advantages of small volume, no oil leakage. The simulation and experimental research show that if the clearance between the piston and cylinder, the spring stiffness of accumulator or the throttle valve size is varied, the dynamic performance of the impact displacement, resistance in low velocity and lock-up velocity of dampe would be influenced. The support of nuclear classified pipelines can be satisfied by using this new-style accumulator damper. (authors)
Research on cloud computing solutions
Liudvikas Kaklauskas; Vaida Zdanytė
Cloud computing can be defined as a new style of computing in which dynamically scala-ble and often virtualized resources are provided as a services over the Internet. Advantages of the cloud computing technology include cost savings, high availability, and easy scalability. Voas and Zhang adapted six phases of computing paradigms, from dummy termi-nals/mainframes, to PCs, networking computing, to grid and cloud computing. There are four types of cloud computing: public cloud, private cloud, ...
PERIKLANAN DALAM MEDIA BARU (Advertising In The New Media )
Errika Dwi Setya Watie
Advertising is currently getting a huge challenge. the number of ads , it is realized or not, effects on saturation of advertising. New era media presents new communications media to the community. This condition should be recognized by anyone working in the advertising, because the development of advertising is in line with a new media movement, so the expectansy of the intended market segment will be achieved better. Today, the challenge of a new style of advertising has been answered b...
The games radicals play : special issue on free radicals and radical ions
Walton, J.C.; Williams, F.
Chemistry and Physics have aptly been described as "most excellent children of Intellect and Art" [1]. Both these "children" engage with many playthings, and molecules rank as one of their first favorites, especially radicals, which are amongst the most lively and exciting. Checking out radicals dancing to the music of entropy round their potential energy ballrooms is surely both entertaining and enlightening. Radicals' old favorite convolutions are noteworthy, but the new styles, modes and a...
A high extinction ratio THz polarizer fabricated by double-bilayer wire grid structure
Lu, Bin; Wang, Haitao; Shen, Jun; Yang, Jun; Mao, Hongyan; Xia, Liangping; Zhang, Weiguo; Wang, Guodong; Peng, Xiao-Yu; Wang, Deqiang
We designed a new style of broadband terahertz (THz) polarizer with double-bilayer wire grid structure by fabricating them on both sides of silicon substrate. This THz polarizer shows a high average extinction ratio of 60dB in 0.5 to 2.0 THz frequency range and the maximum of 87 dB at 1.06 THz, which is much higher than that of conventional monolayer wire grid polarizers and single-bilayer wire grid ones.
Negotiating with the Past: The Art of Calligraphy in Post-Mao China
Ying, Li-hua
Chinese Calligraphy, an integrated form that combines language, art, philosophy, and poetry, was considered the highest art in traditional China. Although no longer used for daily communication, calligraphy manages to sustain its presence in Chinese cultural life even in the computer age. The classical forms that were canonized nearly two millenniums ago continue to command a large following while new styles and new practices have emerged in response to social, cultural and artistic influenc...
Effects of Inclusive Leadership on Employee Voice Behavior and Team Performance: The Mediating Role of Caring Ethical Climate
Lei Qi; Bing Liu
As an emerging research field of leadership, inclusive leadership reflects the new style of leadership demanded by researchers and practitioners. Is it a leadership style that can better integrate employees and organizations and adapt to new complex management situation? Based on theories of social exchange, organizational support, and self-determination, this study investigated the impact of inclusive leadership on employee voice behavior and team performance through caring ethical climate. ...
Remote support services using condition monitoring and online sensor data for offshore oilfield
Du, Baoli
Master's thesis in Offshore technology Based on advanced technology in condition monitoring and online sensor data, a new style of operation and maintenance management called remote operation and maintenance support services has been created to improve oil and gas E&P performance. This master thesis will look into how the remote support service is conducted including the concept, design, technology and management philosophies; the current implementation of remote support services in China,...
"Postponed Endings": Youth Music and Affective Politics in Post-Uprisings Egypt
Sprengel, Darci
This dissertation examines how Egyptian youth use "do-it-yourself" (DIY) music to produce social change under conditions of authoritarianism. DIY music is made by youth, who use low-budget home studios and Internet software to produce innovative new styles that mix Arab musical aesthetics with globally-circulating genres such as hip-hop, rock, jazz, metal, and electronic music. Building from approximately 30 months of ethnographic fieldwork in Cairo and Alexandria, Egypt since 2010, it demons...
Integrasi Pemikiran Islam Dan Peradaban Melayu: Studi Eksploratif Historis Terhadap Perkembangan Peradaban Melayu Islam Di Nusantara
Mugiyono, Mugiyono
Integration of Islamic thought and civilization Malays make acculturation and assimilation between them to give birth to new style of Islamic Malay civilization which has its own distinct characteristics with Islamic civilization elsewhere. Dynamics of Islamic thought in the Malay lands have created the character of Malay Islamic civilization. Islam became the unifying factor of various ethnic Malays. 'supra-identity' across geographical boundaries, ethnic sentiments, customs and traditions o...
The design of programme-controlled gain and linear pulse amplifier
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Guan Xuemei; Chen Chunkai; Northeast Normal Univ., Changchun; Qiao Shuang; Zhou Chuansheng
The authors have designed a kind of new-style programme-controlled gain and linear pulse amplifier with accurate gausses of CR-RC-CR shaping circuit structure. The use of non-volatile digital electric potential device and accurate operational amplifier makes the circuit structure simple greatly, makes the ability stronger that resists assault. It can realize multistage gain in succession and make the drift of temperature low and make the linearity of pulse well. (authors)
Style popularity and the comovement of stocks
Wouters, T.; Plantinga, A.
We examine to what extent the popularity of an investment style can be attributed to style investing. The style investing hypothesis predicts that assets in the same style show strong comovement with respect to their underlying fundamentals and that reclassifying assets into a new style raises its correlation with that style. We test this prediction by studying how comovement varies with proxies of popularity. We use different kinds of data, such as data on stocks, mutual funds, IPO?s and fin...
Analysis of Product Complexity considering Disruption Cost in Fast Fashion Supply Chain
Sardar, Shaheen; Lee, Young Hae
Outsourcing in the textile industry has been playing an important role in the global economy for six decades. Recently, reshoring is an emerging trend due to various complexities involved in supply chain management. As compared with basic textile and apparel products, fast fashion products are complex in their own way. A single assortment contains several new styles, colors, and sizes with unpredictable demand and urgent deadlines. Numerous assortments run simultaneously in the supply chain. ...
Fashion clothing involvement, opinion leadership and opinion seeking amongst black generation Y students / Pulaki Joseph Tshabalala
Tshabalala, Pulaki Joseph
Opinion leadership and opinion seeking are central constructs in academic studies of new product innovations. Fashion opinion leaders as those individuals who accelerate the fashion maturity process by legitimising a fashionable trend and influence other consumers to adopt the new innovative style as a replacement for the current accepted one. Consumers who accept information and adopt new style innovations are called opinion seekers and are important to the diffusion of new fashions because ...
Raman spectroscopic studies of Nd{sub 0.75}Sm{sub 0.25}GaO{sub 3} single crystals
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nithya, R., E-mail: email@example.com; Ravindran, T. R. [Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102, TN (India); Daniel, D. J. [Centre for Crystal Growth, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam-603110, TN (India)
Single crystals of Nd{sub 1-x}Sm{sub x}GaO{sub 3} (x= 0 and 0.25) were grown by a four mirror IR image furnace using floating zone technique. The crystals are characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic measurements. NGO adopts orthorhombic structure with Pbnm symmetry and samarium substituted compound also exhibited the same structure as that of the pristine compound without secondary phases. Polarized Raman spectra are measured at ambient temperature in a back scattering geometry. Spectra exhibit low intensity first-order Raman bands. In addition, several high intensity second-order Raman bands have been observed in the frequency range 2000 to 4000 cm{sup −1}.
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cady, Eric, E-mail: email@example.com [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109 (United States)
Phase-induced amplitude apodization (PIAA) coronagraphs are a promising technology for imaging exoplanets, with the potential to detect Earth-like planets around Sun-like stars. A PIAA system nominally consists of a pair of mirrors that reshape incident light without attenuation, coupled with one or more apodizers to mitigate diffraction effects or provide additional beam shaping to produce a desired output profile. We present a set of equations that allow apodizers to be chosen for any given pair of mirrors, or conversely mirror shapes chosen for given apodizers, to produce an arbitrary amplitude profile at the output of the system. We show how classical PIAA systems may be designed by this method and present the design of a novel four-mirror system with higher throughput than a standard two-mirror system. We also discuss the limitations due to diffraction and the design steps that may be taken to mitigate them.
High-energy terahertz wave parametric oscillator with a surface-emitted ring-cavity configuration.
Yang, Zhen; Wang, Yuye; Xu, Degang; Xu, Wentao; Duan, Pan; Yan, Chao; Tang, Longhuang; Yao, Jianquan
A surface-emitted ring-cavity terahertz (THz) wave parametric oscillator has been demonstrated for high-energy THz output and fast frequency tuning in a wide frequency range. Through the special optical design with a galvano-optical scanner and four-mirror ring-cavity structure, the maximum THz wave output energy of 12.9 μJ/pulse is achieved at 1.359 THz under the pump energy of 172.8 mJ. The fast THz frequency tuning in the range of 0.7-2.8 THz can be accessed with the step response of 600 μs. Moreover, the maximum THz wave output energy from this configuration is 3.29 times as large as that obtained from the conventional surface-emitted THz wave parametric oscillator with the same experimental conditions.
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ardeberg, Arne; Andersen, Torben; Owner-Petersen, Mette
A 25 m four mirror live optics telescope is studied. M1 is spherical with 141 segments and f/0.96. M1 is reimaged onto M4 also with 141 segments. Image FWHM is 20 arc min. A horseshoe solution with a simple azimuth platform is applied. M1 segments are supported by a fine...... meniscus form truss structure, tied to the horseshoe by a coarser mesh. A FEM with 10^4 dof was developed and applied. Live optics control M1 and M4 segments (the latter with potential high bandwidth). Correction signals in tilt, coma and defocus are traced. A correlation tracker and a lase guide star...... dynamic effects and image quality resulting from the 141 segment spots. Automatic segment control at a bandwidth of only 1 Hz gives excellent image quality. We foresee to reach a bandwidth > 50 Hz, securing a system partly adaptive, with effects of atmospheric wave front tilt removed through M4 segment...
System concept for a moderate cost Large Deployable Reflector (LDR)
Swanson, P. N.; Breckinridge, J. B.; Diner, A.; Freeland, R. E.; Irace, W. R.; Mcelroy, P. M.; Meinel, A. B.; Tolivar, A. F.
A study was carried out at JPL during the first quarter of 1985 to develop a system concept for NASA's LDR. Major features of the concept are a four-mirror, two-stage optical system; a lightweight structural composite segmented primary reflector; and a deployable truss backup structure with integral thermal shield. The two-stage optics uses active figure control at the quaternary reflector located at the primary reflector exit pupil, allowing the large primary to be passive. The lightweight composite reflector panels limit the short-wavelength operation to approximately 30 microns but reduce the total primary reflector weight by a factor of 3 to 4 over competing technologies. On-orbit thermal analysis indicates a primary reflector equilibrium temperature of less than 200 K with a maximum gradient of about 5 C across the 20-m aperture. Weight and volume estimates are consistent with a single Shuttle launch, and are based on Space Station assembly and checkout.
Downsizing of single crystalline high aspect ratio tungsten nanowires
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Milenkovic, Srdjan; Drensler, Stefanie; Hassel, Achim Walter
Directional solidification of eutectic NiAl-W alloys offers an intuitive method to produce tungsten nanowires. Through the use of two different methods, the well-established Bridgman method and a newer type floating zone method, the direct influence of process parameters, like the withdrawal rate and the temperature gradient, onto the sample microstructure were studied. The sharp temperature gradient, built up using a four mirror system focusing the light emitted by halogen lamps inside the optical floating zone furnace allows producing nanowires with a diameter as small as 75 nm. Differences in the solid/liquid interface morphology depending on the solidification method used are discussed. (copyright 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS: Strong reflection of a series of pulses from a four-wave mirror with thermal nonlinearity under parametric feedback conditions
Barashkov, M. S.; Bel'dyugin, Igor'M.; Zolotarev, M. V.; Kruzhilin, Yu I.; Krymskiĭ, M. I.; Oshkin, S. P.; Starkov, G. S.; Umnov, A. F.; Kharchenko, M. A.
A four-wave mirror exhibiting a thermal nonlinearity was used in a study of the interaction of concurrent waves under parametric feedback conditions in the presence of a nonreciprocal element. Strong reflection of a series of pulses of ~ 300 ns duration from a neodymium glass laser was demonstrated: the maximum reflection coefficient was in excess of 30. An analysis was made of the quality of the radiation reflected from this four-mirror parametric feedback system. A considerable reduction was observed in the steady-state threshold for the operation of this mirror with a thermal nonlinearity when the angles of convergence of the interacting beams were small compared with the case of head-on collision of the waves.
Simulation Studies of the X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Oscillator
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lindberg, R.R.; Shyd'ko, Y.; Kim, K.-J; Fawley, W.M.
Simulations of the x-ray free-electron laser (FEL) oscillator are presented that include transverse effects and realistic Bragg crystal properties with the two-dimensional code GINGER. In the present cases considered the radiation divergence is much narrower than the crystal acceptance, and the numerical algorithm can be simplified by ignoring the finite angular bandwidth of the crystal. In this regime GINGER shows that the saturated x-ray pulses have 109 photons and are nearly Fourier-limited with peak powers in excess of 1 MW. Wealso include preliminary results for a four-mirror cavity that can be tuned in wavelength over a few percent, with future plans to incorporate the full transverse response of the Bragg crystals into GINGER to more accurately model this tunable source.
Transformação organizacional: proposta de modelo para empresas públicas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Maria Ester Menegasso
Full Text Available The present work considers organizational transformation under the perspective of continued corporative education, under the perspective of a new style of management, and also under an adequate methodology for the implementation of continued organizational change. Different theories and concepts related to continued education and management style are discussed as well as the proposed methodology. The central claim is that organizational transformation results from the integration of continued education and a new style of management and that this process, in turn, must be implemented by an adequate methodology adapted for the singularities brought about by this type of change. In order to sustain this claim, we discuss a research on continued education which was developed in a public enterprise. Based on research results, we present the recommendations proposed for the change process of this institution. From these recommendations, it is possible to infer that the process of organizational transformation is systemic in essence; second, that there is a learning process about change that is not brought about through conventional training; and last, that transformation is permanent; However each of these steps require a time period to be incorporated to the culture of the organization. We also concluded that transformation may occur by means of people or processes and that the combination of both forms may be the strategy needed to overcome the lethargy that bureaucratic organization impose on people. The work is concluded by the presentation of a proposal for a model that will take to practice organizational transformation. This model is structured under the tripod of continued corporative education, of a new style of management and also of an adequate methodology to use in the implementation of this singular type of change.
New forms of dwelling – sustainable urban communities
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mojca Šašek Divjak
Full Text Available Various new forms of settlements composed of sustainable communities are emerging all around the World as answers to the urban crises in great cities. These settlements differ, especially when comparing the countries where they appear. However they also have many common features, such as the humane scale and social community cohesion, public participation in their management, enforcing new societal values and sustainable orientation of activities. These settlements where developed following development of information and communication technology and correspond to the introduction of new styles of life and employment.
Interior design for passive solar homes
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Breen, J. C.
The increasing emphasis on refinement of passive solar systems has brought recognition to interior design as an integral part of passive solar architecture. Interior design can be used as a finetuning tool minimizing many of the problems associated with passive solar energy use in residential buildings. In addition, treatment of interior space in solar model homes may be a prime factor in determining sales success. A new style of interior design is evolving in response to changes in building form incorporating passive solar design features. The psychology behind passive solar architecture is reflected in interiors, and selection of interior components increasingly depends on the functional suitability of various interior elements.
Billingsley, Patrick
Praise for the Third Edition "It is, as far as I'm concerned, among the best books in math ever written....if you are a mathematician and want to have the top reference in probability, this is it." (Amazon.com, January 2006) A complete and comprehensive classic in probability and measure theory Probability and Measure, Anniversary Edition by Patrick Billingsley celebrates the achievements and advancements that have made this book a classic in its field for the past 35 years. Now re-issued in a new style and format, but with the reliable content that the third edition was revered for, this
Interior design for passive solar homes
Breen, J. C.
The increasing emphasis on refinement of passive solar systems brought recognition to interior design as an integral part of passive solar architecture. Interior design can be used as a finetuning tool minimizing many of the problems associated with passive solar energy use in residential buildings. In addition, treatment of interior space in solar model homes may be a prime factor in determining sales success. A new style of interior design is evolving in response to changes in building from incorporating passive solar design features. The psychology behind passive solar architecture is reflected in interiors, and selection of interior components increasingly depends on the functional suitably of various interior elements.
The case for systems thinking about climate change and mental health
Berry, Helen L.; Waite, Thomas D.; Dear, Keith B. G.; Capon, Anthony G.; Murray, Virginia
It is increasingly necessary to quantify the impacts of climate change on populations, and to quantify the effectiveness of mitigation and adaptation strategies. Despite growing interest in the health effects of climate change, the relationship between mental health and climate change has received little attention in research or policy. Here, we outline current thinking about climate change and mental health, and discuss crucial limitations in modern epidemiology for examining this issue. A systems approach, complemented by a new style of research thinking and leadership, can help align the needs of this emerging field with existing and research policy agendas.
Design and accomplishment for the monitoring unit of the sup 6 sup 0 Co train freight inspection system
Cong Peng
The sup 6 sup 0 Co railway cargo inspection system has super automaticity. And the monitoring unit is an important part of the automatic control system. The author introduces the idea of designing the monitoring unit in detail and accomplishes a new-style unit which is different from the traditional one. The monitoring unit which is highly integrated, easy to be mounted and debugged and convenient to be operated and maintained has play an excellent role in the work of the whole inspection system
A high extinction ratio THz polarizer fabricated by double-bilayer wire grid structure
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Bin Lu
Full Text Available We designed a new style of broadband terahertz (THz polarizer with double-bilayer wire grid structure by fabricating them on both sides of silicon substrate. This THz polarizer shows a high average extinction ratio of 60dB in 0.5 to 2.0 THz frequency range and the maximum of 87 dB at 1.06 THz, which is much higher than that of conventional monolayer wire grid polarizers and single-bilayer wire grid ones.
Sean-nós, Sean-nua... Sean-nós Nua?
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Sørensen, Bent
style, is not the most commercially viable type of music in an age with little patience for longish laments without vibrant beats or obscene lyrics. What then might be the sean-nua, or new style that is more befitting for today's audience? Paradoxically the answer might lie in looking backward while......, lending new meaning to both sean-nós and nua. In the process of fusing old and new, wisdom and authority, I propose that Irish popular music must become glocal to succeed in the marketplace, given today's global yet specialized economy of distribution, and in the critical field of reception, given...
Current situation and future of research reactor in Japan
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Metoki, Naoto
A new style of neutron facilities coexisting high intensity pulse neutron source (J-PARC/MLF) and steady state neutron from research reactor (JRR-3) is proposed. The coexistence of the pulse and reactor source is the world trend which is inevitable for the next generation neutron science. A sophisticated management and comprehensive user program are important for Japanese neutron community, involving high performance instruments with pulse neutron and steady neutron source with widely spread users. JAEA is the most responsible for the future of neutron science, because of the commitment for both type of neutron source, J-PARC/MLF and JRR-3. (author)
Filozofia przyrody Władysława Heinricha
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Michał Heller
Full Text Available At the turn of the 19th and 20th century, Wladyslaw Heinrich introduced a new style of philosophizing in the Cracow rather traditional philosophical milieu. His way of presenting philosophical ideas in a strict contact with empirical sciences arose great interest and found several talented followers. In the Jagiellonian Library in Cracow the manuscript is preserved bearing the title 'Theory of Cognition'; it was written by Heinrich in 1912. The author presents and critically assesses his 'philosophy of nature' as it can be reconstructed from the above mentioned manuscript.
In good conscience: fast food, greenwashing and advertising
Vaartnou, Tiiu
This thesis addresses a new style of green promotion in the fast food industry by critically analysing one advertisement from each of A&W's "Better Beef", McDonald's' "Your Questions", and Chipotle's "Back to the Start" campaigns. Three main questions are explored: whether these campaigns help incite high quality environmental change or merely perpetuate the unsustainable status quo; whether each company is taking real responsibility for change or continuing to push responsibility onto c...
Free-Format RPG IV How to Bring Your RPG Programs Into the 21st Century
Martin, Jim
Traditional-format style RPG IV programmers who need information on the free-format style of coding will find everything they need in this free format how-to guide. The rules and syntax of free format RPG IV are explained as is how this new style of coding has the potential to improve overall programmer productivity from initial development through maintenance stages. Many style issues, such as named indicators and built in functions are covered, as well as such issues as program flow, data manipulation, math operations, and input and output.
Core List of Astronomy and Physics Journals
Bryson, Liz; Fortner, Diane; Yorks, Pamela
This is a list of highly-used and highly-cited physics and astronomy journals. "Use" is measured largely on paper-journal counts from selective academic research-level libraries. Citation count titles are drawn from Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) data. Recognition is given to entrepreneurial electronic-only or new-style electronic journals. Selective news, magazine, and general science journals are omitted. The compilers welcome questions, suggestions for additions, or other advice. Comments may be sent c/o Diane Fortner, Physics Library, University of California, Berkeley. email@example.com
Martin, Jim
This how-to guide offers a concise and thorough introduction to the increased productivity, better readability, and easier program maintenance that comes with the free-format style of programming in RPG IV. Although free-format information is available in IBM manuals, it is not separated from everything else, thereby requiring hours of tedious research to track down the information needed. This book provides everything one needs to know to write RPG IV in the free-format style, and author Jim Martin not only teaches rules and syntax but also explains how this new style of coding has the pot
Enlarging the angle of view in Michelson-interferometer-based shearography by embedding a 4f system.
Wu, Sijin; He, Xiaoyuan; Yang, Lianxiang
Digital shearography based on Michelson interferometers suffers from the disadvantage of a small angle of view due to the structure. We demonstrate a novel digital shearography system with a large angle of view. In the optical arrangement, the imaging lens is in front of the Michelson interferometer rather than behind it as in traditional digital shearography. Thus, the angle of view is no longer limited by the Michelson interferometer. The images transmitting between the separate lens and camera are accomplished by a 4f system in the new style of shearography. The influences of the 4f system on shearography are also discussed. © 2011 Optical Society of America
The spoliation of the imperfections. The effect of advertising and a culture of the body
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
María Valeria Emiliozzi
Full Text Available Written as an essay, this text puts into perspective a problem that could be summarized in the following sentence: The universal body culture that reproduce the trend magazines. In this sense, the text will look to table statements about the body that spread trend magazines, and cultural model that attempt to generate through practices to adopt new styles and lifestyles. These modes bodily point directly over the body to the point of forming such universal models of being. Here the contributions of the thinkers of the Frankfurt School will be key to retrace the path to the objective.
Keynote: Beyond Budgeting in a Lean and Agile World
Bogsnes, Bjarte
We suggest that we need a fundamentally different philosophy and a concept for how organisations are led and managed. We believe that it is time to challenge the traditional management myths. The main goal of Beyond Budgeting is not get rid of budgets. The budget must go, but it is more the budgeting mindset we need to get rid of, because it represents the old thinking that needs to be changed. Based on the works of The Beyond Budgeting Round Table, we review a set of 12 principles for a new style of contemporary leadership and management.
An Assessment of Slacker Astronomy Outreach Results
Price, A.; Gay, P. L.; Searle, T.; Brissenden, G.
Slacker Astronomy is a weekly podcast covering recent astronomical news in a humorous, irreverent manner while respecting the intelligence of the audience. This is a new approach to astronomical outreach both technically and stylistically. Using the Field-tested Learning Assessment Guide (FLAG) and the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) needs analysis survey system, we have have conducted an in-depth project to determine whether this new style is effective and what audience needs are outstanding. Slacker Astronomy currently has around 11,000 weekly listeners and was founded in February, 2005. Recordings and scripts are available to the public under the Creative Commons license at www.slackerastronomy.org.
Multidisciplinary Teams: The Next Step in Science.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Aldo Leal-Egaña.
Full Text Available One of the current characteristics in science, is the high complexity and technical character that becomes over the last years. This has induced the development of a specific type of professionals, highly specialized in the disciplines that they are involved in, which has produced a communicational breach between the scientists involved on different branches of the science. One of the strategies intended to cross this breach, is the generation of multidisciplinary research strategies, in which professionals of every field of the science can take part, being a kind of scientific and human bridge between the different research teams where they are involved in. This new style to do investigation has made possible the generation of new branches in science, such as for example Biotechnology. In this field -Tissue Engineering- becomes to be a very interesting example of the potential to work in multidisciplinary teams. The reason for this is mainly to avoid technical mistakes, which could cause the death of some patients and which can only be solved by developing research under a multidisciplinary strategy. Nevertheless, and in spite of the success working with multidisciplinary teams, this kind of strategy is rarely used in Latin-American, where the reasons seems to be centered in some aspects personal and cultural. This work shows an example of the new style to develop complex research, which could suggest a new way of working in Latin-American, granted that there is the will to enhance current scientific level.
Development of the continuous casting technology for fabrication of the tubular fuels
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kim, H. S.; Lee, Y. S.; Kim, C. K.; Lee, D. B.; Oh, S. J.
In the irradiation test of the U-Mo dispersed nuclear fuel that is used as nuclear fuels for research reactors, it was recognized that the swelling due to reaction between U-Mo particle and Al matrix caused some failures of the fuel claddings. The development of new style nuclear fuel that could minimize the reaction between U-Mo particles and Al matrix was needed. Tube style nuclear fuel was judged to be suitable as new style nuclear fuel. We targeted to make U-Mo tube of diameter 10mm, thinner than 1mm thick, because temperature distribution of tube style nuclear fuel will be expected to have a good performance. We used continuous casting technology to make tube style nuclear fuel. In this research, we have tried to make tube using copper before we make U-Mo tube style nuclear fuel by continuous casting method. As a result of the experiment, we succeeded to make copper tube of diameter 10mm, thickness 1mm
Poggioli, L.
A new-style Workshop After two successful ATLAS ROD Workshops dedicated to the ROD hardware and held at the Geneva University in 1998 and in 2000, a new style Workshop took place at LAPP in Annecy on November 14-15, 2002. This time the Workshop was fully dedicated to the ROD-TDAQ integration and software in view of the near future integration activities of the final RODs for the detector assembly and commissioning. More precisely, the aim of this workshop was to get from the sub-detectors the parameters needed for T-DAQ, as well as status and plans from ROD builders. On the other hand, what was decided and assumed had to be stated (like EB decisions and URDs), and also support plans. The Workshop gathered about 70 participants from all ATLAS sub-detectors and the T-DAQ community. The quite dense agenda allowed nevertheless for many lively discussions, and for a dinner in the old town of Annecy. The Sessions The Workshop was organized in five main sessions: Assumptions and recommendations Sub-de...
The "tightrope walker love". Contradictions emotional political relations new loving
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Berta García Faet
Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is, on the one hand, to describe what I call "tightrope walker love" –the contemporary model of love in Western societies−; on the other, I aim to examine critically its contradictions. This new style of love, which has transcended, but not totally overcome, traditional romanticism, and which is near A. Giddens' "confluent love" and "pure relation", has the following features: in relation to its predecessors, it is more democratic; more individualistic; more intimate; more sophisticated from the point of view of emotional intelligence and pliable sexuality; more egalitarian; more utilitarian; and more legalist. However, two kinds of contradictions may be raised: external and internal. External contradictions involve, firstly, the flexibility of the labor market and the economy, in contrast with the psychological assumption of couples and families; and secondly, gender inequality, which denies the whole project. The internal contradictions –those that affect its self-description− may be summed up in the antinomy "liquidity" versus "attachment". I will conclude arguing in favor of this new style of love, which is morally superior to the other models available, and contend that is contradictions, even if not completely solved, may be softened to a great extent.
Deployment of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope wide-field upgrade
Hill, Gary J.; Drory, Niv; Good, John M.; Lee, Hanshin; Vattiat, Brian L.; Kriel, Herman; Ramsey, Jason; Bryant, Randy; Elliot, Linda; Fowler, Jim; Häuser, Marco; Landiau, Martin; Leck, Ron; Odewahn, Stephen; Perry, Dave; Savage, Richard; Schroeder Mrozinski, Emily; Shetrone, Matthew; DePoy, D. L.; Prochaska, Travis; Marshall, J. L.; Damm, George; Gebhardt, Karl; MacQueen, Phillip J.; Martin, Jerry; Armandroff, Taft; Ramsey, Lawrence W.
The Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) is an innovative large telescope, located in West Texas at the McDonald Observatory. The HET operates with a fixed segmented primary and has a tracker, which moves the four-mirror corrector and prime focus instrument package to track the sidereal and non-sidereal motions of objects. We have completed a major multi-year upgrade of the HET that has substantially increased the pupil size to 10 meters and the field of view to 22 arcminutes by replacing the corrector, tracker, and prime focus instrument package. The new wide field HET will feed the revolutionary integral field spectrograph called VIRUS, in support of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX§), a new low resolution spectrograph (LRS2), an upgraded high resolution spectrograph (HRS2), and later the Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF). The upgrade is being commissioned and this paper discusses the completion of the installation, the commissioning process and the performance of the new HET.
A scanning contact probe for a micro-coordinate measuring machine (CMM)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fan, Kuang-Chao; Cheng, Fang; Wang, Weili; Chen, Yejin; Lin, Jia-You
A new high precision contact scanning probe able to measure miniature components on a micro/nano-coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is proposed. This contact probe is composed of a fiber stylus with a ball tip, a floating plate and focus sensors. The stylus is attached to a floating plate, which is connected to the probe housing via four elastic wires. When the probe tip is touched and then deflected by the workpiece, the wires experience elastic deformations and the four mirrors mounted on the plate will be displaced. These displacements can be detected by four corresponding laser focus probes. To calibrate this touch trigger probe, a double-trigger method is developed for a high-speed approach and a low-speed touch. Experimental results show that the probe has a symmetric contact property in the horizontal XY plane. The contact force is found to be about 109 µN. The standard deviation of the unidirectional touch is less than 10 nm and the pre-travel distance is around 10 nm with a standard deviation of less than 3 nm
Using McStas for modelling complex optics, using simple building bricks
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Willendrup, Peter K.; Udby, Linda; Knudsen, Erik; Farhi, Emmanuel; Lefmann, Kim
The McStas neutron ray-tracing simulation package is a versatile tool for producing accurate neutron simulations, extensively used for design and optimization of instruments, virtual experiments, data analysis and user training. In McStas, component organization and simulation flow is intrinsically linear: the neutron interacts with the beamline components in a sequential order, one by one. Historically, a beamline component with several parts had to be implemented with a complete, internal description of all these parts, e.g. a guide component including all four mirror plates and required logic to allow scattering between the mirrors. For quite a while, users have requested the ability to allow 'components inside components' or meta-components, allowing to combine functionality of several simple components to achieve more complex behaviour, i.e. four single mirror plates together defining a guide. We will here show that it is now possible to define meta-components in McStas, and present a set of detailed, validated examples including a guide with an embedded, wedged, polarizing mirror system of the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin type.
Low-cost, portable, robust and high-resolution single-camera stereo-DIC system and its application in high-temperature deformation measurements
Chi, Yuxi; Yu, Liping; Pan, Bing
A low-cost, portable, robust and high-resolution single-camera stereo-digital image correlation (stereo-DIC) system for accurate surface three-dimensional (3D) shape and deformation measurements is described. This system adopts a single consumer-grade high-resolution digital Single Lens Reflex (SLR) camera and a four-mirror adaptor, rather than two synchronized industrial digital cameras, for stereo image acquisition. In addition, monochromatic blue light illumination and coupled bandpass filter imaging are integrated to ensure the robustness of the system against ambient light variations. In contrast to conventional binocular stereo-DIC systems, the developed pseudo-stereo-DIC system offers the advantages of low cost, portability, robustness against ambient light variations, and high resolution. The accuracy and precision of the developed single SLR camera-based stereo-DIC system were validated by measuring the 3D shape of a stationary sphere along with in-plane and out-of-plane displacements of a translated planar plate. Application of the established system to thermal deformation measurement of an alumina ceramic plate and a stainless-steel plate subjected to radiation heating was also demonstrated.
The MEL-X project at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: a mirror-based delay line for x-rays
Pardini, Tom; Hill, Randy; Decker, Todd; Alameda, Jennifer; Soufli, Regina; Aquila, Andy; Guillet, Serge; Boutet, Sébastien; Hau-Riege, Stefan P.
At the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in collaboration with the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) we are developing a mirror-based delay line for x-rays (MEL-X) to enable x-ray pump/x-ray probe experiments at Free Electron Lasers (XFELs). The goal of this project is the development and deployment of a proof-of-principle delay line featuring coated x-ray optics. The four-mirror design of the MEL-X is motivated by the need for ease of alignment and use. In order to simplify the overlap of the pump and the probe beam after each delay time change, a scheme involving super-polished rails and mirror-to-motor decoupling has been adopted. The MEL-X, used in combination with a bright pulsed source like LCLS, features a capability for a high intensity pump beam. Its Iridium coating allows it to work at hard x-ray energies all the way up to 9 keV, with a probe beam transmission of 35% up to 8keV, and 14% at 9keV. The delay time can be tailored to each particular experiment, with a nominal range of 70 - 350 fs for this prototype. The MEL-X, combined with established techniques such as x-ray diffraction, absorption or emission, could provide new insights on ultra-fast transitions in highly excited states of matter.
Full-frame, high-speed 3D shape and deformation measurements using stereo-digital image correlation and a single color high-speed camera
Yu, Liping; Pan, Bing
Full-frame, high-speed 3D shape and deformation measurement using stereo-digital image correlation (stereo-DIC) technique and a single high-speed color camera is proposed. With the aid of a skillfully designed pseudo stereo-imaging apparatus, color images of a test object surface, composed of blue and red channel images from two different optical paths, are recorded by a high-speed color CMOS camera. The recorded color images can be separated into red and blue channel sub-images using a simple but effective color crosstalk correction method. These separated blue and red channel sub-images are processed by regular stereo-DIC method to retrieve full-field 3D shape and deformation on the test object surface. Compared with existing two-camera high-speed stereo-DIC or four-mirror-adapter-assisted singe-camera high-speed stereo-DIC, the proposed single-camera high-speed stereo-DIC technique offers prominent advantages of full-frame measurements using a single high-speed camera but without sacrificing its spatial resolution. Two real experiments, including shape measurement of a curved surface and vibration measurement of a Chinese double-side drum, demonstrated the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed technique.
Within-digit functional parcellation of Brodmann areas of the human primary somatosensory cortex using functional magnetic resonance imaging at 7 tesla.
Sanchez-Panchuelo, Rosa M; Besle, Julien; Beckett, Alex; Bowtell, Richard; Schluppeck, Denis; Francis, Susan
The primary somatosensory cortex (S1) can be subdivided cytoarchitectonically into four distinct Brodmann areas (3a, 3b, 1, and 2), but these areas have never been successfully delineated in vivo in single human subjects. Here, we demonstrate the functional parcellation of four areas of S1 in individual human subjects based on high-resolution functional MRI measurements made at 7 T using vibrotactile stimulation. By stimulating four sites along the length of the index finger, we were able to identify and locate map reversals of the base to tip representation of the index finger in S1. We suggest that these reversals correspond to the areal borders between the mirrored representations in the four Brodmann areas, as predicted from electrophysiology measurements in nonhuman primates. In all subjects, maps were highly reproducible across scanning sessions and stable over weeks. In four of the six subjects scanned, four, mirrored, within-finger somatotopic maps defining the extent of the Brodmann areas could be directly observed on the cortical surface. In addition, by using multivariate classification analysis, the location of stimulation on the index finger (four distinct sites) could be decoded with a mean accuracy of 65% across subjects. Our measurements thus show that within-finger topography is present at the millimeter scale in the cortex and is highly reproducible. The ability to identify functional areas of S1 in vivo in individual subjects will provide a framework for investigating more complex aspects of tactile representation in S1.
Toward a soft x-ray Fourier-transform spectrometer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Howells, M.R.; Frank, K.; Hussain, Z.; Moler, E.J.; Reich, T.; Moeller, D.
The use of Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) in the soft x-ray region is advocated as a possible route to spectral resolution superior to that attainable with a grating system. A technical plan is described for applying FTS to the study of the absorption spectrum of helium in the region of double ionization around 60--80 eV. The proposed scheme includes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer deformed into a rhombus shape to provide grazing incidence reflections. The path difference between the interfering beams is to be tuned by translation of a table carrying four mirrors over a range ±1 cm which, in the absence of errors generating relative tilts of the wave fronts, would provide a resolving power equal to the number of waves of path difference: half a million at 65 eV, for example. The signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum is analyzed and for operation on an Advanced Light Source bending magnet beam line should be about 330
Lensless imaging for wide field of view
Nagahara, Hajime; Yagi, Yasushi
It is desirable to engineer a small camera with a wide field of view (FOV) because of current developments in the field of wearable cameras and computing products, such as action cameras and Google Glass. However, typical approaches for achieving wide FOV, such as attaching a fisheye lens and convex mirrors, require a trade-off between optics size and the FOV. We propose camera optics that achieve a wide FOV, and are at the same time small and lightweight. The proposed optics are a completely lensless and catoptric design. They contain four mirrors, two for wide viewing, and two for focusing the image on the camera sensor. The proposed optics are simple and can be simply miniaturized, since we use only mirrors for the proposed optics and the optics are not susceptible to chromatic aberration. We have implemented the prototype optics of our lensless concept. We have attached the optics to commercial charge-coupled device/complementary metal oxide semiconductor cameras and conducted experiments to evaluate the feasibility of our proposed optics.
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Johnsen, Christian Garmann; Olaison, Lena; Meier Sørensen, Bent
This article uses the concept of style to rethink sustainable entrepreneurship. Our point of departure is the conceptual distinction between organization as style made durable and entrepreneurship as the disruption of style. We show that style is not simply an aesthetic category, but rather what...... enable the creation of new styles. In order to conceptualize this creative process, we explore how play can create disharmonies within the organization, but we also maintain that any new practice will remain marginal without a collective assemblage capable of adopting it. On this basis, we argue...... that sustainable entrepreneurship consists of making an environmentally friendly and socially conscious style durable, but also of disrupting such a style. In order to illustrate our argument, we use the example of the sustainable smartphone producer Fairphone. In conclusion, we argue that the concept of style may...
Radionuclide decay data-evaluation and dissemination
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Helmer, R.G.
There are many applications of nuclear chemistry and physics, as the variety of contents of this symposium demonstrate. Many of these applications require a knowledge of data on the decay of radionuclides, e.g., half-lives and radiation energies and emission probabilities. For over 50 years, people have been compiling and evaluating the measured data to obtain recommended values of these quantities. This has resulted in numerous sets of recommended values, many of which still have scientific, historical, or national reasons for existing. This history provides a background to the current situation which involves the coexistence of the Table of Radioactive isotopes, the ENSDF file and the Nuclear Data Sheets, the Table de Radionucleides, IAEA Coordinated Research Program results, the ENDF/B-VI decay data file, etc. Visions of the future include new styles of evaluations and feedback from interested users
Postmodern Philosophy and the Impact of the Other in Jim Jarmusch's Films
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rajko Petković
Full Text Available Although film history has mostly been understood in national terms, there have also been attempts to present a general history of film styles. The history of film styles can be roughly divided into four distinct phases, each drawing on different aspects of narration. In the beginning, cinema privileged documentation and spectacle, presenting the exhibitionistic aspect of the new medium, whose structural characteristics had yet to be explored. Nöel Burch labeled this pre-narrative style a Primitive Mode of Representation, and this mode defied the narrative aspect of film-making. The shift towards narration occurred in the period between 1907 and 1909, when narrative films became the dominant mode of storytelling. The transition towards narrative cinema was mainly prompted by the demands of the market, which resulted in the gradual predominance of fictional narratives. The new style became known as the classical realist cinema, and Classical Hollywood Cinema became the leading representative.
Ten Tips for Engaging the Millennial Learner and Moving an Emergency Medicine Residency Curriculum into the 21st Century.
Toohey, Shannon L; Wray, Alisa; Wiechmann, Warren; Lin, Michelle; Boysen-Osborn, Megan
Millennial learners are changing the face of residency education because they place emphasis on technology with new styles and means of learning. While research on the most effective way to teach the millennial learner is lacking, programs should consider incorporating educational theories and multimedia design principles to update the curriculum for these new learners. The purpose of the study is to discuss strategies for updating an emergency medicine (EM) residency program's curriculum to accommodate the modern learner. These 10 tips provide detailed examples and approaches to incorporate technology and learning theories into an EM curriculum to potentially enhance learning and engagement by residents. While it is unclear whether technologies actually promote or enhance learning, millennials use these technologies. Identifying best practice, grounded by theory and active learning principles, may help learners receive quality, high-yield education. Future studies will need to evaluate the efficacy of these techniques to fully delineate best practices.
From Mozart to Lookout: the Flute's Evolution from 1800
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Anna J. Reisenweaver
Full Text Available As this brief survey of the flute's history and repertoire reveals, the instrument evolved significantly over the centuries. From works such as Mozart's Concerto in G to Robert Dick's Lookout, from the single-keyed, four-piece flute of Jacob Denner to the highly complex mechanism of Alexander Murray, the flute's growth has been dramatic and extensive. While some of its technical changes were the result of new styles of repertoire, other innovations spurred musical developments as the instrument's capabilities expanded. As both the instrument and its repertoire grew simultaneously, the flute solidified its standing as in the classical tradition both a solo and orchestral instrument. The flute continues its evolution today as composers, players, and manufacturers continually experiment with new techniques and styles. Although the future is uncertain, history indicates that it will be as revolutionary as the past.
SAR: Stroke Authorship Recognition
Shaheen, Sara; Rockwood, Alyn; Ghanem, Bernard
Are simple strokes unique to the artist or designer who renders them? If so, can this idea be used to identify authorship or to classify artistic drawings? Also, could training methods be devised to develop particular styles? To answer these questions, we propose the Stroke Authorship Recognition (SAR) approach, a novel method that distinguishes the authorship of 2D digitized drawings. SAR converts a drawing into a histogram of stroke attributes that is discriminative of authorship. We provide extensive classification experiments on a large variety of data sets, which validate SAR's ability to distinguish unique authorship of artists and designers. We also demonstrate the usefulness of SAR in several applications including the detection of fraudulent sketches, the training and monitoring of artists in learning a particular new style and the first quantitative way to measure the quality of automatic sketch synthesis tools. © 2015 The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
To Place or Not to Place: Toward an Environmental History of Modern Medicine.
Sellers, Christopher
Reviewing recent, overlapping work by historians of medicine and health and of environmental history, this article proposes a further agenda upon which scholars in both fields may converge. Both environmental and medical historians can seek to understand the past two centuries of medical history in terms of a seesaw dialogue over the ways and means by which physicians and other health professionals did, and did not, consider the influence of place-airs and waters included-on disease. Modernizing and professionalizing as well as new styles of science nourished attendant aspirations for a clinical place neutrality, for a medicine in which patients' own places didn't matter to what doctors thought or did. The rise of place neutrality from the late nineteenth century onward also had close and enabling historical ties to the near-simultaneous formation of place-defined specialties-tropical medicine, bacteriological public health, and industrial medicine and hygiene.
Negotiating with the Past: The Art of Calligraphy in Post-Mao China
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Li-hua Ying
Full Text Available Chinese Calligraphy, an integrated form that combines language, art, philosophy, and poetry, was considered the highest art in traditional China. Although no longer used for daily communication, calligraphy manages to sustain its presence in Chinese cultural life even in the computer age. The classical forms that were canonized nearly two millenniums ago continue to command a large following while new styles and new practices have emerged in response to social, cultural and artistic influences. This paper looks at present trends in calligraphy and calligraphy-inspired practices against the backdrop of tradtions. It is apparent that even within the most radical changes that have taken place, whether in the way calligraphy is practiced or evaluated, there are strong indications that the fundamental aesthetic principles passed down from the past are still very much alive today, showing the resilience of this ancient art.
A Protocol for Content-Based Communication in Disconnected Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
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Julien Haillot
Full Text Available In content-based communication, information flows towards interested hosts rather than towards specifically set destinations. This new style of communication perfectly fits the needs of applications dedicated to information sharing, news distribution, service advertisement and discovery, etc. In this paper we address the problem of supporting content-based communication in partially or intermittently connected mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs. The protocol we designed leverages on the concepts of opportunistic networking and delay-tolerant networking in order to account for the absence of end-to-end connectivity in disconnected MANETs. The paper provides an overview of the protocol, as well as simulation results that show how this protocol can perform in realistic conditions.
Explanatory material for the IAEA regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material (1985 edition). 2. ed. (as amended 1990)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This publication is an updated version of the Second Edition of the Explanatory Material for the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material (1985 Edition) and replaces all previous versions of Safety Series No. 7. This publication includes the changes to Safety Series No. 7 contained in the Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material, 1985 Edition, Supplement 1988, as well as modifications adopted by the Review Panel that was convened in Vienna, 10-14 July 1989. For the convenience of the user, the old Safety Series style adopted in the original publication has been retained, although the old style has now been superseded by a new one, affecting the structure, the format and the cover of the Safety Series. It should be noted, however, that future editions will be published in the new style.
Proposal for internet-based Digital Dental Chart for personal dental identification in forensics.
Hanaoka, Yoichi; Ueno, Asao; Tsuzuki, Tamiyuki; Kajiwara, Masahiro; Minaguchi, Kiyoshi; Sato, Yoshinobu
A dental chart is very useful as a standard source of evidence in the personal identification of bodies. However, the kind of dental chart available will often vary as a number of types of odontogram have been developed where the visual representation of dental conditions has relied on hand-drawn representation. We propose the Digital Dental Chart (DDC) as a new style of dental chart, especially for open investigations aimed at establishing the identity of unknown bodies. Each DDC is constructed using actual oral digital images and dental data, and is easy to upload onto an Internet website. The DDC is a more useful forensic resource than the standard types of dental chart in current use as it has several advantages, among which are its ability to carry a large volume of information and reproduce dental conditions clearly and in detail on a cost-effective basis.
LHCb Early Career Scientist Awards
Patrick Koppenburg for the LHCb Collaboration
On 15 September 2016, the LHCb collaboration awarded the first set of prizes for outstanding contributions of early career scientists. From left to right: Guy Wilkinson (LHCb spokesperson), Sascha Stahl, Kevin Dungs, Tim Head, Roel Aaij, Conor Fitzpatrick, Claire Prouvé, Patrick Koppenburg (chair of committee) and Sean Benson. Twenty-five nominations were submitted and considered by the committee, and 5 prizes were awarded to teams or individuals for works that had a significant impact within the last year. The awardees are: Roel Aaij, Sean Benson, Conor Fitzpatrick, Rosen Matev and Sascha Stahl for having implemented and commissioned the revolutionary changes to the LHC Run-2 high-level-trigger, including the first widespread deployment of real-time analysis techniques in High Energy Physics; Kevin Dungs and Tim Head for having launched the Starterkit initiative, a new style of software tutorials based on modern programming methods. "Starterkit is a group of ph...
The knowledge society from popular multiculturalism and virtual surroundings of learning
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Sonia Mª Santoveña Casal
Full Text Available The knowledge society is defined by multiculturalism, by variety in forms of expression and content. To understand the process of building social networks and new styles of cultural expression that are being developed, it is necessary to participate and experience what we are trying to teach. From school, we are talking about a reality that we do not know. A reality that is changing rapidly, where its true creators: young people, do not talk about it, but live and transform it. The acceptance from the education of different ways of comunication and exchange between students, could make easier the development and help us to harness the resources of the Internet, a network rich in expression, creativity and communication.
Effects of Perceived Values on Continuance Usage of Facebook
Yang, Heng-Li; Lai, Cheng-Yu
Facebook is one of the renowned social networking sites (SNS) on the Internet. As compared to the conventional SNS, it not only provides social interaction features, but has more entertainment elements on the website. Many Facebook users use the website for the purpose of playing the embedded games rather than use its original social features, i.e., individual's perceived values about the usage of Facebook may have changed. Consequently, it is an interesting issue to know individual's perceived values and satisfaction toward continuance usage of the new style SNS like Facebook. Based on prior literatures, three different value orientations, including social orientation, entertainment orientation and fashion orientation, were adopted in this study to examine their influence on individual's satisfaction and continuance intention to use Facebook. An empirical survey and partial least squares (PLS) technology was utilized to test the proposed hypotheses. Several empirical results were found. Both academic and practical implications are discussed.
From Overcoming the fear to Protest, to using Fear as a repressive strategy towards the 15M movement
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Clara Camps Calvet
Full Text Available In this article we analyse the police repression strategies that were developed around the emergence of the 15M movement in Barcelona, which was an important turning point for protest and repression. Through press reviews, discussion groups and interviews we empirically contribute to previous theoretical studies that deal with strategies for policing protests. We recognize that "strategic incapacitation" is a new style of policing protests that has taken hold in the last decade. However, we reflect on the importance of understanding this new strategy, within an increasingly more punitive state under transformation, that creates enemies to erode the rights of most the population. In the case of the protests, this also seeks to create fear and consequently tries to dismantle and wear down current and potential participants of social movements.
An Evaluation of Spatial Organization of the Church Architecture of Kerala during the Sixteenth to Seventeenth Centuries
Panjikaran, S.; Vedamuthu, R.
The churches of Kerala of the sixteenth to seventeenth centuries exhibits an architectural character which is different from that of the indigenous Church Architecture of Kerala. Preliminary studies show that the spatial organization of these churches also varied from that of the indigenous churches of Kerala. Did these variations in spatial organization arise of any change in functional requirements of churches? How did the indigenous Architectural character adapt to these changes or did it give way to a new style? The objective of this study is to understand the spatial organization of the indigenous Church Architecture of Kerala and to evaluate the changes in spatial organization during the sixteenth to seventeenth centuries. This study is primarily based on field survey and documentation, evaluation is done by relying on the Rapoport's theory. It is concluded that the church architecture of this period is a fusion of the Western and Eastern ecclesiastical traditions in terms of spatial organization and planning.
Spirituality of unity in management - Economy of Communion
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Stanisław Grochmal
Full Text Available The spirituality of unity in management processes is presented in the paper. The idea of the Economy of Communion (EoC project and its realization in more than 800 businesses worldwide as an example of the striving for the eradication of poverty and new style of management is analysed. As an implementation of spirituality in management process, a new paradigm of unity in management sciences is proposed. On the basis of analysis of literature and discussions with experts and entrepreneurs of EoC businesses, six content dimensions of the paradigm of unity are formulated and the empirical research on the evaluation of these dimensions by testing the entrepreneurs of 110 businesses from 22 countries as well the management experts is considered. This research allowed verifying the hypothesis that the paradigm of unity shapes a new organizational culture by the creation of a suitable organizational climate in the EoC businesses.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
C. R. B. Costa
Full Text Available The use of information and communication technologies in education, transforms not only the way we communicate, but also work, decide and think, as well as allows you to create rich, complex and diversified learning situations, through sharing the tasks between teachers and students , providing an interactive, continuous and lifelong learning. The paper aims to reflect on the importance of the use of information and communication technologies in higher education and show the potential in promoting changes and challenges for teachers of undergraduate nursing course. This is a literary review concerning the issue at hand, in the period from February to March 2014. The result indicates that the resources of information and communication technologies are strategies for the education of future nurses and promote the changing process for teachers , providing quality education to students and understanding that we must seek new opportunities to build a new style of training.
Design of a scanning gate microscope for mesoscopic electron systems in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator.
Pelliccione, M; Sciambi, A; Bartel, J; Keller, A J; Goldhaber-Gordon, D
We report on our design of a scanning gate microscope housed in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator with a base temperature of 15 mK. The recent increase in efficiency of pulse tube cryocoolers has made cryogen-free systems popular in recent years. However, this new style of cryostat presents challenges for performing scanning probe measurements, mainly as a result of the vibrations introduced by the cryocooler. We demonstrate scanning with root-mean-square vibrations of 0.8 nm at 3 K and 2.1 nm at 15 mK in a 1 kHz bandwidth with our design. Using Coulomb blockade thermometry on a GaAs/AlGaAs gate-defined quantum dot, we demonstrate an electron temperature of 45 mK.
Sekolah Islam terpadu; Filsafat, ideologi, dan tren baru pendidikan Islam di Indonesia
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Full Text Available Toward the 21st century, there is an interesting change in the trend of education (read Islamic education in Indonesia . The dominance of educational institutions that consists of "Pesantren","Madrasah", and Schools become different. It is based on the phenomenon that there is Integrated Islamic Schools in this country. The educational institutions,whicht have been spread to all parts of Indonesia, were established by some mosque activists at the ITB and UI campuses. The very rapid development of this school indicates that the Integrated Islamic School becomes the new trend of Islamic education in Indonesia. In this school, it is emphasized on the education of religious moral values and the excellent modern education nowadays. This kind of Integrated Islamic School has also proved a new style of the middle reislamization class of Indonesian Muslims.
Traditional and incentive regulation - applications to natural gas pipelines in Canada
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mansell, R.L.; Church, J.R.
A study was conducted to examine alternative regimes for the regulation of major natural gas pipelines in Canada, with the specific objective of clarifying and analyzing key issues relating to these regulatory alternatives. An overview of the development and structure of the gas pipeline industry and a discussion of the main changes in the market and regulatory environment was included. The appropriateness of greater tolling flexibility and the role that competition plays in optimizing the use of existing pipelines was also discussed. Some of the incentive alternatives included price caps, automatic rate adjustment mechanisms, yardstick competition, profit sharing, benchmarking, capital cost incentives, and franchising. An evaluation of each alternative was provided. Examination of the various alternatives led to the conclusion that none of the new-style incentive regimes represent a panacea, nor is any of them uniformly better in terms of the key evaluation criteria than the traditional cost of service (COS) approach, especially that which incorporates streamlining. 163 refs., 13 figs.
Ten Tips for Engaging the Millennial Learner and Moving an Emergency Medicine Residency Curriculum into the 21st Century
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Shannon L. Toohey
Full Text Available Introduction: Millennial learners are changing the face of residency education because they place emphasis on technology with new styles and means of learning. While research on the most effective way to teach the millennial learner is lacking, programs should consider incorporating educational theories and multimedia design principles to update the curriculum for these new learners. The purpose of the study is to discuss strategies for updating an emergency medicine (EM residency program's curriculum to accommodate the modern learner. Discussion: These 10 tips provide detailed examples and approaches to incorporate technology and learning theories into an EM curriculum to potentially enhance learning and engagement by residents. Conclusion: While it is unclear whether technologies actually promote or enhance learning, millennials use these technologies. Identifying best practice, grounded by theory and active learning principles, may help learners receive quality, high-yield education. Future studies will need to evaluate the efficacy of these techniques to fully delineate best practices.
Regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material. 1985 ed. (As amended 1990)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This publication is an updated version of the 1985 Edition of the Transport Regulations and replaces all previous publications of IAEA Safety Series No. 6. It includes the Supplements 1986 and 1988 to the Regulations, the minor changes adopted by the Review Panel meeting which convened in Vienna, 10-14 July 1989, and also the changes of detail which survived the ''ninety day rule'' procedure which authorizes the Director General of the IAEA to promulgate such changes after giving Member States not less than ninety days notice and taking into account any comments they make. Since this publication is an updated version of the 1985 Edition of the Transport Regulations, the old IAEA Safety Series style is maintained for the convenience of the user, although the old style has now generally been superseded by a new one. It should be noted that subsequent editions of the Regulations will be published in the new style.
Health in the multicultural schools
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María de los Ángeles Merino Godoy
Full Text Available The cultural diversity of the Spanish population incorporates new styles of life and other health's problems that are evolving and being made different to what we cannot ignore. Through this study of qualitative character that uses as instruments documentation analysis and observation, we have reached the conclusion that it is necessart to integrate the cultural diversity in the programs of school health, since the different cultures that coexist in our classrooms should be immersed in all the actions of the educative centers. Teaching and sanitary staff are aware of this new situation that is causing the propagation of new physical and psychic diseases and disorders, and that is why these professionals must be supported by the administration, which is responsible to provide the necessary resources to motivate to the teaching and sanitary staff and to the educative community in order to take care of the health of each one of us, what means everybody's health.
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Ahmad Yudi
Full Text Available Gaya Baru Senior High School is one of the educational institutions in Lampung which is a less favorite institution in the area is precisely located in the district of Seputih Surabaya Central Lampung Regency. Gaya Baru Senior High School has already had a website but not many known. This Senior High School is also no information system through mobile web to promote the institution. Nevertheless, in its development, students or community want to find information about the school can be directly through the mobile web application. So in its development requires fast service. From research that conducted in Gaya Baru High School, existence of new mobile web application system will facilitate student or society of that area, especially in subdistrict Seputih Surabaya district Central Lampung, and present information about the info about situation in high school of new style it can be accessed directly through the mobile web media.
East-West paths to unconventional computing.
Adamatzky, Andrew; Akl, Selim; Burgin, Mark; Calude, Cristian S; Costa, José Félix; Dehshibi, Mohammad Mahdi; Gunji, Yukio-Pegio; Konkoli, Zoran; MacLennan, Bruce; Marchal, Bruno; Margenstern, Maurice; Martínez, Genaro J; Mayne, Richard; Morita, Kenichi; Schumann, Andrew; Sergeyev, Yaroslav D; Sirakoulis, Georgios Ch; Stepney, Susan; Svozil, Karl; Zenil, Hector
Unconventional computing is about breaking boundaries in thinking, acting and computing. Typical topics of this non-typical field include, but are not limited to physics of computation, non-classical logics, new complexity measures, novel hardware, mechanical, chemical and quantum computing. Unconventional computing encourages a new style of thinking while practical applications are obtained from uncovering and exploiting principles and mechanisms of information processing in and functional properties of, physical, chemical and living systems; in particular, efficient algorithms are developed, (almost) optimal architectures are designed and working prototypes of future computing devices are manufactured. This article includes idiosyncratic accounts of 'unconventional computing' scientists reflecting on their personal experiences, what attracted them to the field, their inspirations and discoveries. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Hawkins, Gerald S
Mindsteps to the Cosmos shows how modern global civilization depends on giant leaps of understanding that have been made in the past. Science and technology have been inspired and formulated by the sky — the cosmos in which we live. Human development could not have taken place on a cloud-shrouded planet. Mathematics was invented to track the movements of the sun, moon and stars even though back then these were thought to be gods. The space program has taken us beyond the earth, and satellite systems are exploring to the ends of the visible universe. This book provides the reader with algorithms to construct personal computer programs for finding the position of the moon and planets, and for calculating dates through historic periods in the Egyptian as well as the old and new style calendars.
Sentiment Propagation in Social Networks: A Case Study in LiveJournal
Zafarani, Reza; Cole, William D.; Liu, Huan
Social networking websites have facilitated a new style of communication through blogs, instant messaging, and various other techniques. Through collaboration, millions of users participate in millions of discussions every day. However, it is still difficult to determine the extent to which such discussions affect the emotions of the participants. We surmise that emotionally-oriented discussions may affect a given user's general emotional bent and be reflected in other discussions he or she may initiate or participate in. It is in this way that emotion (or sentiment) may propagate through a network. In this paper, we analyze sentiment propagation in social networks, review the importance and challenges of such a study, and provide methodologies for measuring this kind of propagation. A case study has been conducted on a large dataset gathered from the LiveJournal social network. Experimental results are promising in revealing some aspects of the sentiment propagation taking place in social networks.
Innovation and in Baraddooni's Poetry
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Full Text Available The present paper aims at introducing the contemporary poet and writer of Yemen, Abodllah ibn Saleh, known as Baraddooni. He was a great poet and writer as well as a critic and historian. He studied in 'Aljameol-Kabir' in Sana. To continue his education, he then attended 'Darololum' from which he graduated in Arabic Literature. He was a Romantic poet with old and new style poetry. He established 'The Yemen Association for Poets and Writers'. He received several international prizes including the UNESCO prize. He has 12 books of poetry and eight pieces of research. The theme of his poetry is the love for the country and in this line is his criticism of some politicians such as Ahmad Hamidoddin. Also important in his poems are: the issue of Palestine, Arab Nationalism and Arab unity.
Numerical calculation for flow field of servo-tube guided hydraulic control rod driving system
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
He Keyu; Han Weishi
A new-style hydraulic control rod driving mechanism was put forward by using servo-tube control elements for the design of control rod driving mechanism. The results of numerical simulation by CFD program Fluent for flow field of hydraulic driving cylinder indicate that the bigger the outer diameter of servo-tube, the smaller the resistance coefficient of variable throttle orifice. The zero position gap of variable throttle orifice could be determined on 0.2 mm in the design. The pressure difference between the upper and nether surfaces of piston was mainly created by the throttle function of fixed throttle orifice. It can be effectively controlled by changing the gap of variable throttle orifice. And the lift force of driving cylinder is able to meet the requirement on the design load. (authors)
Towards other education on knowledge society: pedagogical issues and proposals
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Ramón MÍNGUEZ VALLEJOS
Full Text Available his article aims to analyze, firstly, some key issues involved in "knowledge society" and "education in the knowledge society". Thus, knowledge is the result of the attitude of seeking truth and error rejection. On the other hand, highlights the technological and economic character of education in our society and its educational implications. Then, we propose otherwise educate within a humanistic education, specifically from the pedagogy of alterity. From this guidance, provide reasons and some concrete proposals educate otherness: the dynamism of the donation as a moral content, a new style of educational relationship: the reception and dialogue, and finally, learning compassion as educational path of solidarity and social justice.
Style representation in design grammars
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ahmad, Sumbul; Chase, Scott Curland
The concept of style is relevant for both the analysis and synthesis of designs. New styles are often formed by the adaptation of previous ones based on changes in design criteria and context. A formal characterization of style is given by shape grammars, which describe the compositional rules...... underlying a set of designs. Stylistic change can be modelled by grammar transformations, which allow the transformation of the structure and vocabulary of a grammar that is used to describe a particular style. In order for grammars to be useful beyond a single application, they should have the capability...... to be transformed according to changing design style needs. Issues of formalizing stylistic change necessitate a lucid and formal definition of style in the design language generated by a grammar. Furthermore, a significant aspect of the definition of style is the representation of aesthetic qualities attributed...
Design and construction of the prestressed concrete boiler closures for the Hartlepool and Heysham pressure vessels
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Crowder, R.; Howells, R.M.; Paton, A.A.
At a relatively late stage in the station design, the boiler closures for the reactor vessels at Hartlepool and Heysham were changed from steel to prestressed concrete. This paper sets out the criteria which were finally evolved for the new style of closure and describes the way in which the prestressed concrete closure's parts were designed to satisfy these criteria. With both the civil and mechanical components of the closure having their own specific requirements, close co-operation was necessary between these disciplines to ensure that a compatible and practical closure design resulted. This close interrelationship has been carried through into the construction stage and a special concreting and prestressing factory has been built adjacent to the works of the mechanical component fabricator. This enabled an optimum manufacturing cycle to be followed and the important aspects of this are described in the paper. (author)
Authentic leadership to the future
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Dimovski Vlado
Full Text Available Authentic leadership is the latest evolutionary stage in leadership development and emphasizes the leader's authenticity. The construct of authenticity was researched by ancient Greek philosophers as 'know thy-self ', and 'thy true self '. Authentic leadership began to develop after 2004. The main reason why the researchers place so much attention to authentic leadership is fact that authentic leadership reaches all of the employees in organizations. Authentic leaders must identify the strengths of their followers and help them with their development and integration towards a common goal, purpose, vision and identity of the organization. Authentic leadership is seen as the final stage in the development of leadership styles, properties of this leadership style, and the consequences of this style have not been fully explored. In our paper we will explore this new style of leadership and its implications.
The new 1.8 l TFSI engine from Audi. Pt. 1. Base engine and thermomanagement
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Eiser, Alex; Jung, Michael; Adam, Stephan [Audi AG, Ingolstadt (Germany). Engine Development Dept.; Doerr, Joachim [Audi AG, Ingolstadt (Germany). Longitudinally Mounted Engines Dept.
The launch of the new 1.8 l TFSI engine marks the third generation of the successful four-cylinder gasoline engine family from Audi. It has been completely revised in order to meet ambitious CO{sub 2} targets and ensure compliance with future Euro 6 emissions standards. The new generation features numerous innovative technologies, including an exhaust gas cooling system integrated into the cylinder head, a dual fuel injection system with direct and port-fuel injection as well as the Audi valvelift system with twin camshaft adjustment. A new-style fully electronic coolant control also enables an innovative thermomanagement system to be implemented. This first part of the article details the base engine and the thermomanagement system of the new engine. The second part of the article, which will be published in MTZ 7/8, covers the mixture formation, the combustion method and the turbocharging. (orig.)
Henry Currey FRIBA (1820-1900): leading Victorian hospital architect, and early exponent of the "pavilion principle".
Cook, G C
The "pavilion plan" for hospital design originated in France in the 18th century and was popularised in England by John Roberton and George Godwin in the mid-19th century; the underlying rationale was that with improved ventilation the mortality rate (at that time exceedingly high) was significantly reduced. Among the enthusiasts for this new style was Florence Nightingale (herself a miasmatist)--who had experienced astronomically high death rates in the hospital at Scutari during the Crimean War (1854-6). One of the leading exponents of this style of hospital architecture was Henry Currey (1820-1900) whose greatest achievement was undoubtedly the design for the new St Thomas's Hospital on the Lambeth Palace Road.
Thin film eddy current impulse deicer
Smith, Samuel O.; Zieve, Peter B.
Two new styles of electrical impulse deicers has been developed and tested in NASA's Icing Research Tunnel. With the Eddy Current Repulsion Deicing Boot (EDB), a thin and flexible spiral coil is encapsulated between two thicknesses of elastomer. The coil, made by an industrial printed circuit board manufacturer, is bonded to the aluminum aircraft leading edge. A capacitor bank is discharged through the coil. Induced eddy currents repel the coil from the aluminum aircraft structure and shed accumulated ice. A second configuration, the Eddy Current Repulsion Deicing-Strip (EDS) uses an outer metal erosion strip fastened over the coil. Opposite flowing eddy currents repel the strip and create the impulse deicing force. The outer strip serves as a surface for the collection and shedding of ice and does not require any structural properties. The EDS is suitable for composite aircraft structures. Both systems successfully dispelled over 95 percent of the accumulated ice from airfoils over the range of the FAA icing envelope.
SAR: Stroke Authorship Recognition
Shaheen, Sara
Are simple strokes unique to the artist or designer who renders them? If so, can this idea be used to identify authorship or to classify artistic drawings? Also, could training methods be devised to develop particular styles? To answer these questions, we propose the Stroke Authorship Recognition (SAR) approach, a novel method that distinguishes the authorship of 2D digitized drawings. SAR converts a drawing into a histogram of stroke attributes that is discriminative of authorship. We provide extensive classification experiments on a large variety of data sets, which validate SAR\\'s ability to distinguish unique authorship of artists and designers. We also demonstrate the usefulness of SAR in several applications including the detection of fraudulent sketches, the training and monitoring of artists in learning a particular new style and the first quantitative way to measure the quality of automatic sketch synthesis tools. © 2015 The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PERIKLANAN DALAM MEDIA BARU (Advertising In The New Media
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Errika Dwi Setya Watie
Full Text Available Advertising is currently getting a huge challenge. the number of ads , it is realized or not, effects on saturation of advertising. New era media presents new communications media to the community. This condition should be recognized by anyone working in the advertising, because the development of advertising is in line with a new media movement, so the expectansy of the intended market segment will be achieved better. Today, the challenge of a new style of advertising has been answered by the professions related to a new advertising which is driven by the appearance and the popularity of the new social media. One of the new profession known by and used in advertising is a Buzzer. The principle work of Buzzer is similar to WOM (Word Of Mouth. However, it should also be remembered that the selection of buzzer is also important, so that the purpose of advertising can be achieved.
Reactive processing of textile-natural fiber reinforced anionic polyamide-6 composites
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kan, Ze; Chen, Peng; Liu, Zhengying; Feng, Jianmin; Yang, Mingbo
Nowadays natural fiber, used in reinforced composites, is widely concerned. However, no natural fiber reinforced reactive thermoplastic polymer grades had been prepared so far. Through our studies, it was demonstrated that there was a severe retardation and discoloration occurred in the reactive processing between anionic polyamide-6 (APA-6) and natural fiber, which result in incomplete polymerization when put together. In order to solve the problem, two methods were adopted in this paper, which are fiber pretreatment and usage of a new-style initiator called caprolactam magnesium bromide. The former is to remove sizing agent and impurities on the surface of fiber, and the latter is to weaken the side reactions between APA-6 and natural fiber by the nature of its lower reactivity and weaker alkaline. In cooperation with both methods, the severe retardation and discoloration had been improved significantly, so that the polymerization of APA-6 in natural fiber was occurred smoothly. Following textile-natural fiber reinforced APA-6 composites with an average thickness of 2.5 mm and a fiber volume content of 50% was prepared by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). The soxhlet extraction, dilute solution viscometry and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurements respectively suggested the degree of conversion, viscosity-average molar mass and crystallization of composites was up to 94%, 11.3×104 and 50%. Remarkable improvement of mechanical properties were achieved through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile and three-point bending test. Favorable interfacial adhesion and wettability were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. Therefore, all of the above good performance make this new-style and environmentally friendly composites have broad application prospects
Reactive processing of textile-natural fiber reinforced anionic polyamide-6 composites
Kan, Ze; Chen, Peng; Liu, Zhengying; Feng, Jianmin; Yang, Mingbo
Nowadays natural fiber, used in reinforced composites, is widely concerned. However, no natural fiber reinforced reactive thermoplastic polymer grades had been prepared so far. Through our studies, it was demonstrated that there was a severe retardation and discoloration occurred in the reactive processing between anionic polyamide-6 (APA-6) and natural fiber, which result in incomplete polymerization when put together. In order to solve the problem, two methods were adopted in this paper, which are fiber pretreatment and usage of a new-style initiator called caprolactam magnesium bromide. The former is to remove sizing agent and impurities on the surface of fiber, and the latter is to weaken the side reactions between APA-6 and natural fiber by the nature of its lower reactivity and weaker alkaline. In cooperation with both methods, the severe retardation and discoloration had been improved significantly, so that the polymerization of APA-6 in natural fiber was occurred smoothly. Following textile-natural fiber reinforced APA-6 composites with an average thickness of 2.5 mm and a fiber volume content of 50% was prepared by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). The soxhlet extraction, dilute solution viscometry and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurements respectively suggested the degree of conversion, viscosity-average molar mass and crystallization of composites was up to 94%, 11.3×104 and 50%. Remarkable improvement of mechanical properties were achieved through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile and three-point bending test. Favorable interfacial adhesion and wettability were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. Therefore, all of the above good performance make this new-style and environmentally friendly composites have broad application prospects.
Giant pandas failed to show mirror self-recognition.
Ma, Xiaozan; Jin, Yuan; Luo, Bo; Zhang, Guiquan; Wei, Rongping; Liu, Dingzhen
Mirror self-recognition (MSR), i.e., the ability to recognize oneself in a mirror, is considered a potential index of self-recognition and the foundation of individual development. A wealth of literature on MSR is available for social animals, such as chimpanzees, Asian elephants and dolphins, yet little is known about MSR in solitary mammalian species. We aimed to evaluate whether the giant panda can recognize itself in the mirror, and whether this capacity varies with age. Thirty-four captive giant pandas (F:M = 18:16; juveniles, sub-adults and adults) were subjected to four mirror tests: covered mirror tests, open mirror tests, water mark control tests, and mark tests. The results showed that, though adult, sub-adult and juvenile pandas exposed to mirrors spent similar amounts of time in social mirror-directed behaviors (χ(2) = 0.719, P = 0.698), none of them used the mirror to touch the mark on their head, a self-directed behavior suggesting MSR. Individuals of all age groups initially displayed attacking, threatening, foot scraping and backwards walking behaviors when exposed to their self-images in the mirror. Our data indicate that, regardless of age, the giant pandas did not recognize their self-image in the mirror, but instead considered the image to be a conspecific. Our results add to the available information on mirror self-recognition in large mammals, provide new information on a solitary species, and will be useful for enclosure design and captive animal management.
The at-wavelength metrology facility for UV- and XUV-reflection and diffraction optics at BESSY-II
Schäfers, F.; Bischoff, P.; Eggenstein, F.; Erko, A.; Gaupp, A.; Künstner, S.; Mast, M.; Schmidt, J.-S.; Senf, F.; Siewert, F.; Sokolov, A.; Zeschke, Th.
A technology center for the production of high-precision reflection gratings has been established. Within this project a new optics beamline and a versatile reflectometer for at-wavelength characterization of UV- and XUV-reflection gratings and other (nano-) optical elements has been set up at BESSY-II. The Plane Grating Monochromator beamline operated in collimated light (c-PGM) is equipped with an SX700 monochromator, of which the blazed gratings (600 and 1200 lines mm−1) have been recently exchanged for new ones of improved performance produced in-house. Over the operating range from 10 to 2000 eV this beamline has very high spectral purity achieved by (i) a four-mirror arrangement of different coatings which can be inserted into the beam at different angles and (ii) by absorber filters for high-order suppression. Stray light and scattered radiation is removed efficiently by double sets of in situ exchangeable apertures and slits. By use of in- and off-plane bending-magnet radiation the beamline can be adjusted to either linear or elliptical polarization. One of the main features of a novel 11-axes reflectometer is the possibility to incorporate real life-sized gratings. The samples are adjustable within six degrees of freedom by a newly developed UHV-tripod system carrying a load up to 4 kg, and the reflectivity can be measured between 0 and 90° incidence angle for both s- and p-polarization geometry. This novel powerful metrology facility has gone into operation recently and is now open for external users. First results on optical performance and measurements on multilayer gratings will be presented here. PMID:26698047
Prevalent practice patterns in glaucoma: Poll of Indian ophthalmologists at a national conference
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Nikhil Shreeram Choudhari
Full Text Available Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore and compare the prevailing practice patterns in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma among subspecialists and general ophthalmologists in India. Materials and Methods: This is an interactive audience response system (ARS based poll of ophthalmologists attending the annual conference of the Glaucoma Society of India in 2013. Results: The information was obtained from 379 ophthalmologists (146 glaucoma specialists, 54 nonglaucoma subspecialists, and 179 general ophthalmologists. The majority of polled ophthalmologists (236; 62% had 10 or more years of experience in ophthalmology. The glaucoma specialists differed from nonglaucomatologists in their preference for Goldmann applanation tonometer (P < 0.01, four-mirror gonioscope (P < 0.01, Humphrey perimeter (P < 0.01, laser peripheral iridotomy in primary angle closure disease (P = 0.03, postiridotomy gonioscopy (P < 0.01, and usage of antifibrotic agents during filtering surgery (P < 0.01. Optical coherence tomography was the most preferred imaging modality and was utilized more often by the subspecialists than general ophthalmologists. The ophthalmologists also differed in their choice of antiglaucoma medications. More glaucoma specialists were performing surgery on children with congenital glaucoma (P < 0.01, implanting glaucoma drainage devices (P < 0.01, and using scientific journals to upgrade knowledge (P = 0.03 than the other ophthalmologists. Conclusions: This poll is the first of its kind in India, in its usage of the ARS, and in comparing the practice patterns of care for glaucoma among subspecialists and general ophthalmologists. It has revealed substantial diversity in a few areas among those who did and did not receive specialty training in glaucoma.
Single crystal growth, magnetic and thermal properties of perovskite YFe{sub 0.6}Mn{sub 0.4}O{sub 3} single crystal
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Xie, Tao [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418 (China); Synthetio Single Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramic, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Key Laboratory of Transparent and Opto-functional Inorganic Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Shen, Hui, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418 (China); Zhao, Xiangyang; Man, Peiwen [Synthetio Single Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramic, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Key Laboratory of Transparent and Opto-functional Inorganic Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Wu, Anhua, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Synthetio Single Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramic, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Key Laboratory of Transparent and Opto-functional Inorganic Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Su, Liangbi [Synthetio Single Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramic, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Key Laboratory of Transparent and Opto-functional Inorganic Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Xu, Jiayue, E-mail: email@example.com [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418 (China)
High quality YFe{sub 0.6}Mn{sub 0.4}O{sub 3} single crystal was grown by floating zone technique using a four-mirror-image-furnace under flowing air. Powder X-ray diffraction gives well evidence that the specimen has an orthorhombic structure, with space group Pbnm. Temperature dependence of the magnetizations of YFe{sub 0.6}Mn{sub 0.4}O{sub 3} single crystal were studied under ZFC and FC modes in the temperature range from 5 K to 400 K. A clear spin reorientation transition behavior (Γ{sub 4}→Γ{sub 1}) is observed in the temperature range of 322–316 K, due to the substitution of Mn at the Fe site of YFeO{sub 3}. Its Néel temperature is around 385 K. Moreover, the spin reorientation is verified by the change of magnetic hysteresis loops of the sample along [001] axis in the temperature range of 50–385 K. The thermal properties of the sample were measured by the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) from 300 K to 500 K, which also clearly appear anomaly in the spin reorientation region. - Highlights: • High quality YFe{sub 0.6}Mn{sub 0.4}O{sub 3} single crystal was grown by floating zone technique. • The thermal properties appear anomaly in the spin reorientation region. • A clear spin reorientation transition behavior (Γ{sub 4}→Γ{sub 1}) is observed in the temperature range of 322–316 K, due to the substitution of Mn at the Fe site of YFeO{sub 3}.
The high resolution optical instruments for the Pleiades HR Earth observation satellites
Gaudin-Delrieu, Catherine; Lamard, Jean-Luc; Cheroutre, Philippe; Bailly, Bruno; Dhuicq, Pierre; Puig, Olivier
Coming after the SPOT satellites series, PLEIADESHR is a CNES optical high resolution satellite dedicated to Earth observation, part of a larger optical and radar multi-sensors system, ORFEO, which is developed in cooperation between France and Italy for dual Civilian and Defense use. The development of the two PLEIADES-HR cameras was entrusted by CNES to Thales Alenia Space. This new generation of instrument represents a breakthrough in comparison with the previous SPOT instruments owing to a significant step in on-ground resolution, which approaches the capabilities of aerial photography. The PLEIADES-HR instrument program benefits from Thales Alenia Space long and successful heritage in Earth observation from space. The proposed solution benefits from an extensive use of existing products, Cannes Space Optics Centre facilities, unique in Europe, dedicated to High Resolution instruments. The optical camera provides wide field panchromatic images supplemented by 4 multispectral channels with narrow spectral bands. The optical concept is based on a four mirrors Korsch telescope. Crucial improvements in detector technology, optical fabrication and electronics make it possible for the PLEIADES-HR instrument to achieve the image quality requirements while respecting the drastic limitations of mass and volume imposed by the satellite agility needs and small launchers compatibility. The two flight telescopes were integrated, aligned and tested. After the integration phase, the alignment, mainly based on interferometric measurements in vacuum chamber, was successfully achieved within high accuracy requirements. The wave front measurements show outstanding performances, confirmed, after the integration of the PFM Detection Unit, by MTF measurements on the Proto-Flight Model Instrument. Delivery of the proto flight model occurred mi-2008. The FM2 Instrument delivery is planned Q2-2009. The first optical satellite launch of the PLEIADES-HR constellation is foreseen
JPSS-1 VIIRS Pre-Launch Response Versus Scan Angle Testing and Performance
Moyer, David; McIntire, Jeff; Oudrari, Hassan; McCarthy, James; Xiong, Xiaoxiong; De Luccia, Frank
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instruments on-board both the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) and the first Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS-1) spacecraft, with launch dates of October 2011 and December 2016 respectively, are cross-track scanners with an angular swath of +/-56.06 deg. A four-mirror Rotating Telescope Assembly (RTA) is used for scanning combined with a Half Angle Mirror (HAM) that directs light exiting from the RTA into the aft-optics. It has 14 Reflective Solar Bands (RSBs), seven Thermal Emissive Bands (TEBs) and a panchromatic Day Night Band (DNB). There are three internal calibration targets, the Solar Diffuser, the BlackBody and the Space View, that have fixed scan angles within the internal cavity of VIIRS. VIIRS has calibration requirements of 2% on RSB reflectance and as tight as 0.4% on TEB radiance that requires the sensor's gain change across the scan or Response Versus Scan angle (RVS) to be well quantified. A flow down of the top level calibration requirements put constraints on the characterization of the RVS to 0.2%-0.3% but there are no specified limitations on the magnitude of response change across scan. The RVS change across scan angle can vary significantly between bands with the RSBs having smaller changes of approximately 2% and some TEBs having approximately 10% variation. Within aband, the RVS has both detector and HAM side dependencies that vary across scan. Errors in the RVS characterization will contribute to image banding and striping artifacts if their magnitudes are above the noise level of the detectors. The RVS was characterized pre-launch for both S-NPP and JPSS-1 VIIRS and a comparison of the RVS curves between these two sensors will be discussed.
Luminosity optimization schemes in Compton experiments based on Fabry-Perot optical resonators
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Alessandro Variola
Full Text Available The luminosity of Compton x-ray and γ sources depends on the average current in electron bunches, the energy of the laser pulses, and the geometry of the particle bunch to laser pulse collisions. To obtain high power photon pulses, these can be stacked in a passive optical resonator (Fabry-Perot cavity especially when a high average flux is required. But, in this case, owing to the presence of the optical cavity mirrors, the electron bunches have to collide at an angle with the laser pulses with a consequent luminosity decrease. In this article a crab-crossing scheme is proposed for Compton sources, based on a laser amplified in a Fabry-Perot resonator, to eliminate the luminosity losses given by the crossing angle, taking into account that in laser-electron collisions only the electron bunches can be tilted at the collision point. We report the analytical study on the crab-crossing scheme for Compton gamma sources. The analytical expression for the total yield of photons generated in Compton sources with the crab-crossing scheme of collision is derived. The optimal collision angle of the bunch was found to be equal to half of the collision angle. At this crabbing angle, the maximal yield of scattered off laser photons is attained thanks to the maximization, in the collision process, of the time spent by the laser pulse in the electron bunch. Estimations for some Compton source projects are presented. Furthermore, some schemes of the optical cavities configuration are analyzed and the luminosity calculated. As illustrated, the four-mirror two- or three-dimensional scheme is the most appropriate for Compton sources.
Progress of the ECRH Upper Launcher design for ITER
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Strauss, D.; Aiello, G.; Bruschi, A.; Chavan, R.; Farina, D.; Figini, L.; Gagliardi, M.; Garcia, V.; Goodman, T.P.; Grossetti, G.; Heemskerk, C.; Henderson, M.A.; Kasparek, W.; Krause, A.; Landis, J.-D.; Meier, A.; Moro, A.; Platania, P.; Plaum, B.; Poli, E.
The design of the ITER ECRH system provides 20 MW millimeter wave power for central plasma heating and MHD stabilization. The system consists of an array of 24 gyrotrons with power supplies coupled to a set of transmission lines guiding the beams to the four upper and the equatorial launcher. The front steering upper launcher design described herein has passed successfully the preliminary design review, and it is presently in the final design stage. The launcher consists of a millimeter wave system and steering mechanism with neutron shielding integrated into an upper port plug with the plasma facing blanket shield module (in-vessel) and a set of ex-vessel waveguides connecting the launcher to the transmission lines. Part of the transmission lines are the ultra-low loss CVD torus diamond windows and a shutter valve, a miter bend section and the feedthroughs integrated in the plug closure plate. These components are connected by corrugated waveguides and form together the first confinement system (FCS). In-vessel, the millimeter-wave system includes a quasi-optical beam propagation system including four mirror sets and a front steering mirror. The millimeter wave system is integrated into a specifically optimized upper port plug providing structural stability to withstand plasma disruption forces and the high heat load from the plasma side with a dedicated blanket shield module. A recent update in the ITER interface definition has resulted in the recession of the upper port plug first wall panels, which is now integrated into the design. Apart from the millimeter wave system the upper port plug houses also a set of shield blocks which provide neutron shielding. An overview of the actual ITER ECRH Upper Launcher is given together with some highlights of the design
Effects of Interactivity between Audience and Urban Advertisement
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Mitra Manavirad
Full Text Available Nowadays, advertisement plays an important and impressive role in our lives and we are witnessing different works in this field. The emergence of new technologies in this field has led to the arrival of a new style of advertising with different interactivity and administrative functions. Interactive advertising is considered as one of the most up to date urban advertising. With regard to the arrival of this new style of advertising and using them in different countries, this research investigates the effectiveness of an advertisement's interaction with the audiences in urban advertising through a descriptive/analytical approach as well as field study with regard to the type of advertising usage including commercial, promotional, educational, social etc. It is assumed that an interactive advertising confronts the audience with many challenges and makes him from a static and watching audience to an actor and explorer audience. In such advertisements, the audience enters a path with interactivity where the advertisement guides him and audience responses positively to this action; after a simple activity and in some cases, he interacts and communicates with the advertisement just by passing by it. In interactivity advertisements in urban spaces, the artist pays much attention to audience participation for challenges or performing specific activity that will lead to a result. The use of interactive advertising in various forms such as billboards, stands, and advertisements at bus stops and so on has increased in recent years, developed countries, and countries that are more familiar to technologies. These works are considered a new step in the field of urban advertising. This research selects samples of using such creative advertisements, especially in commercial areas in different countries as well as Iran. It considers the producing method, ideation, and effectiveness of each in a specific period as well as their installation and commissioning
Research on conflict resolution of collaborative design with fuzzy case-based reasoning method
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
HOU Jun-ming; SU Chong; LIANG Shuang; WANG Wan-shan
Collaborative design is a new style for modern mechanical design to meet the requirement of increasing competition. Designers of different places complete the same work, but the conflict appears in the process of design which may interface the design. Case-based reasoning (CBR) method is applied to the problem of conflict resolution, which is in the artificial intelligence field. However, due to the uncertainties in knowledge representation, attribute description, and similarity measures of CBR, it is very difficult to find the similar cases from case database. A fuzzy CBR method was proposed to solve the problem of conflict resolution in collaborative design. The process of fuzzy CBR was introduced. Based on the feature attributes and their relative weights determined by a fuzzy technique, a fuzzy CBR retrieving mechanism was developed to retrieve conflict resolution cases that tend to enhance the functions of the database. By indexing, calculating the weight and defuzzicating of the cases, the case similarity can be obtained. Then the case consistency was measured to keep the right result. Finally, the fuzzy CBR method for conflict resolution was demonstrated by means of a case study. The prototype system based on web is developed to illustrate the methodology.
'Pop-Up' Governance: developing internal governance frameworks for consortia: the example of UK10K.
Kaye, Jane; Muddyman, Dawn; Smee, Carol; Kennedy, Karen; Bell, Jessica
Innovations in information technologies have facilitated the development of new styles of research networks and forms of governance. This is evident in genomics where increasingly, research is carried out by large, interdisciplinary consortia focussing on a specific research endeavour. The UK10K project is an example of a human genomics consortium funded to provide insights into the genomics of rare conditions, and establish a community resource from generated sequence data. To achieve its objectives according to the agreed timetable, the UK10K project established an internal governance system to expedite the research and to deal with the complex issues that arose. The project's governance structure exemplifies a new form of network governance called 'pop-up' governance. 'Pop-up' because: it was put together quickly, existed for a specific period, was designed for a specific purpose, and was dismantled easily on project completion. In this paper, we use UK10K to describe how 'pop-up' governance works on the ground and how relational, hierarchical and contractual governance mechanisms are used in this new form of network governance.
Zona residencial, en Leysin (Suiza
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Weber, M. R.
Full Text Available This holiday residential area at Leysin is very much in the new style of tourist development centres. The present project involves 20 apartments, each of which can house a family of four or five persons. Each unit has three main rooms, a bathroom and a small kitchen. This residential complex also includes a house for the porter. The auxiliary services are also installed in the same building, namely: reception office, stores, washing equipment and central heating.Por su planeamiento, la zona residencial de vacaciones de Leysin se sitúa en la nueva tendencia del turismo social. El conjunto realizado agrupa 20 apartamentos, con capacidad para alojar familias de cuatro a cinco personas durante algunas semanas. Cada unidad consta de tres habitaciones principales, cuarto de baño y una pequeña cocina. Completa este conjunto residencial una edificación que aloja la vivienda del conserje, y los servicios comunes: recepción, almacén, lavadero y central de calefacción.
A new diamond anvil cell for hydrothermal studies to 2.5 GPa and from -190 to 1200 °C
Bassett, William A.; Shen, A.H.; Bucknum, M.; Chou, I.-Ming
A new style of diamond anvil cell(DAC) has been designed and built for conducting research in fluids at pressures to 2.5 GPa and temperatures from −190 to 1200 °C. The new DAC has been used for optical microscope observations and synchrotron x‐ray diffraction studies. Fringes produced by interference of laser light reflected from top and bottom anvil faces and from top and bottom sample faces provide a very sensitive means of monitoring the volume of sample chamber and for observing volume and refractive index changes in samples that have resulted from transitions and reactions. X‐ray diffraction patterns of samples under hydrothermal conditions have been made by the energy dispersive method using synchrotron radiation. The new DAC has individual heaters and individual thermocouples for the upper and lower anvils that can be controlled and can maintain temperatures with an accuracy of ±0.5 °C. Low temperatures are achieved by introducing liquid nitrogen directly into the DAC. The equation of state of H2O and the α‐β quartz transition are used to determine pressure with an accuracy of ±1% in the aqueous samples. The new DAC has been used to redetermine five isochores of H2O as well as the dehydration curves of brucite, Mg(OH)2, and muscovite, KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2.
A new diamond anvil cell for hydrothermal studies to 2.5 GPa and from -190 to 1200 °C
Bassett, W. A.; Shen, A. H.; Bucknum, M.; Chou, I.-Ming
A new style of diamond anvil cell (DAC) has been designed and built for conducting research in fluids at pressures to 2.5 GPa and temperatures from -190 to 1200 °C. The new DAC has been used for optical microscope observations and synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies. Fringes produced by interference of laser light reflected from top and bottom anvil faces and from top and bottom sample faces provide a very sensitive means of monitoring the volume of sample chamber and for observing volume and refractive index changes in samples that have resulted from transitions and reactions. X-ray diffraction patterns of samples under hydrothermal conditions have been made by the energy dispersive method using synchrotron radiation. The new DAC has individual heaters and individual thermocouples for the upper and lower anvils that can be controlled and can maintain temperatures with an accuracy of ±0.5 °C. Low temperatures are achieved by introducing liquid nitrogen directly into the DAC. The equation of state of H2O and the α-β quartz transition are used to determine pressure with an accuracy of ±1% in the aqueous samples. The new DAC has been used to redetermine five isochores of H2O as well as the dehydration curves of brucite, Mg(OH)2, and muscovite, KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2.
Post-War Development of Housing Estates in the Sorela Style Joint with the Boom of Mining and Metallurgy in the Ostrava-Karviná Coal District and their Current Significance for Geotourism
Duraj, Miloš; Cheng, Xianfeng; Niemiec, Dominik; Arencibia Montero, Orlando; Koleňák, Petr
The post-war Czechoslovakia needed to deal with a complex and urgent problem of rebuilding the destroyed industry after the Second World War. The complicated circumstances shortly after the war divided Europe into two antagonistic units. The former Czechoslovakia fell under the influence of the Soviet Union. Apart from the political and many other changes, the influence of this power also affected the style of the contemporary architecture. A new style called social realism (sorela) evolved and dominated also the culture and arts. The initial ornateness and exaggerated grandeur of the buildings gradually faded out due to economic reasons. The classical ornamental sorela is irregularly represented in many localities of the former Czechoslovakia. It takes form of discrete buildings or whole blocks. Among the most interesting and extensive units to house tens of thousands of citizens employed in mining and metallurgy, there are the buildings in Ostrava-Poruba and Havířov. The localities are nowadays conservation zones due to their significance.
The Games Radicals Play: Special Issue on Free Radicals and Radical Ions
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John C. Walton
Full Text Available Chemistry and Physics have aptly been described as "most excellent children of Intellect and Art" [1]. Both these "children" engage with many playthings, and molecules rank as one of their first favorites, especially radicals, which are amongst the most lively and exciting. Checking out radicals dancing to the music of entropy round their potential energy ballrooms is surely both entertaining and enlightening. Radicals' old favorite convolutions are noteworthy, but the new styles, modes and arrangements appearing on the scene are even more interesting. Some of these are ephemeral and enjoy only a brief appearance, others are retro-types reappearing in new guises, still others are genuinely new and "go viral" in the scientific world. This Special Issue of Molecules contains the observations and reflections of a select group of chemists and physicists fascinated by this spectacle. It contains an eclectic mix reflecting on new modes and advances as well as on permutations and combinations that revive mature themes. [...
Discover Dentistry: encouraging wider participation in dentistry using a massive open online course (MOOC).
Stokes, C W; Towers, A C; Jinks, P V; Symington, A
This paper describes how a relatively new style of online learning, a massive open online course (MOOC), may be used to raise aspirations and widen participation in dental professions. A MOOC was designed and run with the aim of engaging prospective students of dental professions in learning and discussion. Over 4,200 learners signed up, and 450 students fully completed this first run of the course. The course attracted a significantly younger demographic than is typical for MOOCs, and nearly a third who responded to the pre-course survey reported they were doing the course specifically as preparation for a dental degree. The approach also provided a platform for public engagement on the subject of dentistry with participants, both dental professionals and members of the public, contributing to discussion around the learning materials from around the world, providing a unique, internationalised perspective of oral healthcare for learners. This study shows that there is genuine potential for MOOCs to involve people from disadvantaged backgrounds in higher education by offering free, accessible, enjoyable and engaging educational experiences. The data gives us cautious optimism that these courses can play a significant role within a platform of other WP interventions.
Boko Haram: Religion and Violence in the 21st Century
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John O. Voll
Full Text Available Boko Haram in Nigeria provides an important example of the combination of religion and violence in the conditions of the twenty-first century. It is both a movement in the pattern of religiously-justified violence and a significant representative of the emergence of new types of modern terrorism in recent years. This article examines both of these aspects of Boko Haram as an example of religious violence. In the general development of religiously justified violence, Boko Haram is the heir to a long jihad tradition in West Africa. Its emergence follows well-established patterns of older militant Muslim groups, but it also departs significantly from those patterns as it shapes itself as a movement in the patterns of contemporary, twenty-first century modes of religious violence. Boko Haram is also identified, in twenty-first century terms, as a religious terrorist organization. As a religious terrorist group, it fits the pattern of what David Rapoport calls the fourth wave—the religious wave—of modern terrorism. However, in the second decade of the twenty-first century, Boko Haram exhibits characteristics of a new style of religious terrorism that is more like the so-called Islamic State than the older type of terrorist organization of al-Qa'idah.
Future technology of the spark-ignition engine: spray-guided direct injection with piezo injector; Die Zukunftstechnologie des Ottomotors: Strahlgefuehrte Direkteinspritzung mit Piezo-Injektor
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Waltner, A.; Lueckert, P.; Schaupp, U.; Rau, E.; Kemmler, R.; Weller, R. [DaimlerChrysler AG, Stuttgart (Germany)
The completely new-style second-generation direct-injection for spark-ignition engines from Mercedes-Benz offers clear improvements in fuel consumption, power and emission levels. Faced with the necessity of further reducing fuel consumption, primarily in spark-ignition engines, the Mercedes-Benz combustion system represents a significant leap in technology. It was possible to noticeably expand the mapping range in which stratified operation can be used compared with the first generation. This significant improvement in efficiency results in more useable energy and a substantial reduction in consumption in city traffic, and also on cross-country and highway trips at roughly constant speeds. These benefits make themselves felt not only in the test cycle, but also in the real-world consumption achieved by the customer. Development proceeded from the base aspirated engine on the principle of the modular expansion of technology. Since production development of this combustion system was not possible using the hydraulic and ignition components available on the market, a new outward-opening piezo fuel injector had to be developed for production readiness, along with a 200-bar high-pressure fuel system, which is being introduced here for the first time world-wide. The injection spray stability and excellent mixture preparation that it achieves produce an optimally combustible mixture at the spark plug. The potential of multiple injection, along with stability in stratified operation, brings further benefits and possibilities for direct injection in fuel consumption and emissions. (orig.)
Gakumon-Ryoku and japanese style of management- does our management style matter?
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Oba Hiroyuki
Full Text Available This paper highlights a new style of development learning, the so-called "Gakumon-ryoku", and its application to the Japanese style of management. "Gakumon-ryoku" is the capability and commitment or free-will to awaken and share freedom lifestyles by learning and asking about our thoughts and feelings through the Value-Conscious Matrix VC Matrix or simply VCM for short.This enlightens and vitalizes our thoughts and feelings, and can transform us by creating a new identity for us as Development of Co-creative Alive Beings, or D-CAB. This eye-opening experience was examined with the Japanese style of management (JM in short and has brought us to become aware of the essence of JM spirit of TO BE ONE. To the question, "does our management style matter", this paper has answered "Yes", not because this is not economically or rationally efficient, but because it has been confined to it and has not been examined in the light of the JOY criterion including efficiency. What really matters is not whether or not to follow the Japanese style, but the fact that the quality of life, or Joyful or not matters in our management style. We learn that the Japanese style of management has both unique and universal features, and we, as human beings, can share its universal value of JOY of service.
The studies of the martensite transformations in a Ti36.5Ni48.5Hf15 alloy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Han, S.; Jin, S.; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Zou, W.; Zhang, Z.; Yang, D.
In recent years, high temperature shape memory alloy (SMA) has attracted much interest by many groups of researchers. Many kinds of alloys, such as TiNiPd and NiAL alloys were reported to have shape memory effect in high temperatures. But for different kinds of reasons, these alloys were not put to practical use. TiNi alloys have been considered the best shape memory materials until now. Adding a third element whose characteristics are similar to Ti or Ni in TiNi binary alloys can produce a new style SMA, which has been done in many cases. In most circumstances, Ni was substituted and only a few investigations on the TiNi alloys was Ti replaced. But in recent years, many investigators have given more attention to this subject. In 1976, Eckelmeyer showed that Zr was one of the element that can raise the phase transformation temperatures of TiNi alloys. In 1990, Krupp obtained a patent on TiNiZr SMA with high transformation temperatures for TiNi alloys. J.H. Mulder also published his work on TiNiZr alloys in 1992. In their previous work, a new type of high temperature SMA Ti 36.5 Ni 48.5 Hf 15 alloy were investigated in more detail by DSC measurement, TEM and high-resolution observations
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Molnar Elisabeta
Full Text Available Abstract: Times are changing and so are the demands and expectations of the 'new' traveller, the search for different experiences, different adventures, different lifestyles has paved the way for this concept called the 'new tourism' Attention is being turned to exploring new frontiers or daring to go where traditional thought did not allow. "New" tourists however, are increasingly being seen to be environmentally sensitive, displaying respect for the culture of host nations and looking to experience and learn rather than merely stand back and gaze. "New" tourists are participators not spectators. Things that would never appear on the list of the "mass" tourist such as adventure, getting of the beaten track and mingling with the locals are now the foundations of the new tourist experiences. Responding to the shift in market dynamics towards a "New" style of tourist, a number of initiatives have or are likely to fuel the growth of experiential tourism, these include: network tourism initiatives; the development of interpretive highways; the explosion of interpretive centers;the latest trend towards regional base camps. A new era has arrived, and a new kind of tourism is emerging, sustainable, environmentally and socially responsible, and characterized by flexibility and choice. A new type of tourist is driving it: more educated, experienced, independent, conservation-minded, respectful of cultures, and insistent on value for money. Typically these tourists are turning away from travel and prefer to have a high level of involvement in the organisation of their trip.
Effects of Inclusive Leadership on Employee Voice Behavior and Team Performance: The Mediating Role of Caring Ethical Climate
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Lei Qi
Full Text Available As an emerging research field of leadership, inclusive leadership reflects the new style of leadership demanded by researchers and practitioners. Is it a leadership style that can better integrate employees and organizations and adapt to new complex management situation? Based on theories of social exchange, organizational support, and self-determination, this study investigated the impact of inclusive leadership on employee voice behavior and team performance through caring ethical climate. We evaluated the model with a time-lagged data of 329 team members from 105 teams in six cities in China. Results indicated as following: inclusive leadership was positively correlated with employee voice behavior at the individual level and team performance at the team level; caring ethical climate mediated the relationship between inclusive leadership and employee voice behavior at the individual level, as well as mediated the relationship between inclusive leadership and team performance at the team level. This study revealed the mechanism of the positive cross-level effects of inclusive leadership on the caring ethical climate, employee voice behavior, and team performance. These findings also provided important contributions for human resource management and practice.
Parametric Architecture in the Urban Space
Januszkiewicz, Krystyna; Kowalski, Karol G.
The paper deals with the parametric architecture which is trying to introduce a new spatial language in the context for urban tissue that correspond to the artistic consciousness and the attitude of information and digital technologies era. The first part of the paper defines the main features of parametric architecture (such as: folding, continuity and curvilinearity) which are are characteristic of the new style of named the "parametricism". This architecture is a strong emphasis on geometry, materiality, feasibility and sustainability, what emerges is an explicit agenda promoting material ornamentation, spatial spectacle and formal theatricality. The second part presents result of case study, especially parametric public use buildings, within the tissue of city. The analyzed objects are: The Sage Gateshead (1998-2004) in Gateshead, Kunsthaus in Graz (2000-2003), the Weltstadthaus (2003-2005) in Cologne, The Golden Terraces in Warsaw (2000-2007), the Metropol Parasol in Seville (2005-2011) the King Cross Station (2005-2012) in London, the headquarters of the Pathé Foundation (2006-2014) in Paris. Each of the enumerated examples shows a diverse approach to designing in the urban space, which reflect the age of digital technologies and the information society. In conclusion emphasizes, that new concept of the spatialization of architecture is the equivalent of the democratization of the political system, the liberalization of the economy, among other examples.
Energy performance and consumption for biogas heat pump air conditioner
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Xu, Zhenjun [Architectural Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 (China); Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101 (China); Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 (China); Wu, Huaizhi; Wu, Meiling [Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101 (China); Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 (China)
Biogas engine-driven heat pump air conditioner is a new-style system which includes biogas engine-driven heat pump, primary heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, sprayed room and fans, pumps, etc. In summertime, the air can be reheated by the waste heat water from the biogas engine in the system, while the air can be reheated and humidified by the waste heat water in winter. Reducing or displacing electrical heating requirements can achieve the great opportunity for significant energy savings. This paper, therefore, aims to improve the energy performance of the AC system by using the waste heat from the biogas engine. The mathematic model was used to research the BHPAC. Explicitly, we investigated the influence of various factors including the outdoor air temperature and humidity in summer and winter. Results show that the biogas engine-driven heat pump air conditioner can save more energy than the electrical power heat pump. In summer, the minimum for percentage of primary energy saving for BHPAC is over 25%. With the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature and the relative humidity rises, the saving energy percentage rises. In winter, the minimum for percentage of primary energy saving for BHPAC is 37%. The more the outdoor air relative humidity of the outdoor air decreases, the more the BHPAC saves energy. It is proved that the system which is a highly actively fully utilizing energy technology has good partial load characteristic and good effects of energy saving. (author)
A Method for Turbocharging Four-Stroke Single Cylinder Engines
Buchman, Michael; Winter, Amos
Turbocharging is not conventionally used with single cylinder engines due to the timing mismatch between when the turbo is powered and when it can deliver air to the cylinder. The proposed solution involves a fixed, pressurized volume - which we call an air capacitor - on the intake side of the engine between the turbocharger and intake valves. The capacitor acts as a buffer and would be implemented as a new style of intake manifold with a larger volume than traditional systems. This talk will present the flow analysis used to determine the optimal size for the capacitor, which was found to be four to five times the engine capacity, as well as its anticipated contributions to engine performance. For a capacitor sized for a one-liter engine, the time to reach operating pressure was found to be approximately two seconds, which would be acceptable for slowly accelerating applications and steady state applications. The air density increase that could be achieved, compared to ambient air, was found to vary between fifty percent for adiabatic compression and no heat transfer from the capacitor, to eighty percent for perfect heat transfer. These increases in density are proportional to, to first order, the anticipated power increases that could be realized. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. 1122374.
Technical evaluation of a CAD system for orthopaedic shoe-upper design.
Lord, M; Foulston, J; Smith, P J
Computer aided design is now employed routinely in the volume shoe trade. New styles are developed on a three-dimensional image of the last followed by automated pattern generation and engineering. It is suggested that such systems could be useful in the orthopaedic footwear industry although the different requirements for these bespoke products need careful consideration. A clinical trial has been conducted on the Shoemaster (Clarks Shoes) upper design system both to assess its technical capabilities and to consider its role in improvement of service and cosmetic appearance. This particular system works throughout on a three-dimensional representation of the shoe last, which offers particular advantages for integration with shape capture and reproduction. The report concentrates on the technical evaluation to assess (a) its ability to work with unusual last shapes dictated by medical requirements and (b) its potential for integration into a complete computer system for design of both shoe lasts and shoe uppers. The trial indicates that this particular system is promising in both respects.
Abraham Trembley's strategy of generosity and the scope of celebrity in the mid-eighteenth century.
Ratcliff, Marc J
Historians of science have long believed that Abraham Trembley's celebrity and impact were attributable chiefly to the incredible regenerative phenomena demonstrated by the polyp, which he discovered in 1744, and to the new experimental method he devised to investigate them. This essay shows that experimental method alone cannot account for Trembley's success and influence; nor are the marvels of the polyp sufficient to explain its scientific and cultural impact. Experimental method was but one element in a new conception of the laboratory that called for both experimental and para-experimental skills whose public availability depended on a new style of communication. The strategy of generosity that led Trembley to dispatch polyps everywhere enabled experimental naturalist laboratories to spread throughout Europe, and the free circulation of living objects for scientific research led practitioners to establish an experimental field distinct from mechanical physics. Scholars reacted to the marvels of the polyp by strengthening the boundaries between the public and academic spheres and, in consequence, opened a space for new standards in both scientific work and the production of celebrity.
Information security in data exchange between mobile devices with Android system using RSA encryption
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Fernando Solís
Full Text Available The new styles and ways of life lead to greater use of wireless networks, the mobile device being a tool for data transmission, which are susceptible to threats in the transmission channels in the network. IT security plays a very important role in guaranteeing the availability, privacy and integrity of information, one of the techniques that helps in this task is cryptography, whose foundation is to transform a message so that it is unintelligible except for those who have the Key to decipher it. The research focuses on the use of the RSA algorithm between mobile devices, the encrypted data is sent through communication channels called threads that through formulas and processes executed on the server, will help to execute the encryption and decryption of the data. To carry it out, a prototype for the exchange of data between mobile devices wirelessly was designed and implemented, conducting performance tests with three nodes to improve the security. The results show the efficiency of the algorithm and additionally its functionality, the times of encryption and decryption are fast against the sending of information without any method or algorithm used.
Analysis of Product Complexity considering Disruption Cost in Fast Fashion Supply Chain
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Shaheen Sardar
Full Text Available Outsourcing in the textile industry has been playing an important role in the global economy for six decades. Recently, reshoring is an emerging trend due to various complexities involved in supply chain management. As compared with basic textile and apparel products, fast fashion products are complex in their own way. A single assortment contains several new styles, colors, and sizes with unpredictable demand and urgent deadlines. Numerous assortments run simultaneously in the supply chain. For each assortment, the garment manufacturer has to source various types of fabrics and materials from different suppliers and then manufacture the garments to ship within the deadlines. This complexity contributes to supply chain disruption. This paper develops a model to estimate supply chain disruption cost as a function of fast fashion product complexity in the global outsourcing environment. Estimation of disruption cost will help us to increase visibility and eliminate the bottlenecks in supply chain. Model conclusions are used to develop a method to manage the level of product complexity from the global supply chain perspective. Several strategies are proposed to manage the impact of product complexity on supply chain design.
Study on measurement of leading and trailing edges of blades based on optical scanning system
Chao, Bi; Liu, Hongguang; Bao, Longxiang; Li, Di
In the field of aeronautics, the geometry and dimensional accuracy of the blade edges has a large influence on the aerodynamic performance of aero engine. Therefore, a non-contact optical scanning system is established to realize the measurement of leading and trailing edges of blades in a rapid, precise and efficient manner in the paper. Based on the mechanical framework of a traditional CMM, the system is equipped with a specified sensing device as the scanning probe, which is made up by two new-style laser scanning sensors installed at a certain angle to each other by a holder. In the measuring procedure, the geometric dimensions of the measured blade edges on every contour plane are determined by the contour information on five transversals at the leading or trailing edges, which can be used to determine the machining allowance of the blades. In order to verify the effectiveness and practicality of the system set up, a precision forging blade after grinded is adopted as the measured object and its leading and trailing edges are measured by the system respectively. In the experiment, the thickness of blade edges on three contour planes is measured by the optical scanning system several times. As the experiment results show, the repeatability accuracy of the system can meet its design requirements and the inspecting demands of the blade edges. As a result, the optical scanning system could serve as a component of the intelligent manufacturing system of blades to improve the machining quality of the blade edges.
Exploring web-mediated communication: A genre-based linguistic study for new
Zummo, Marianna Lya
This paper questions the nature of the communicative event that takes place in online contexts between doctors and web-users, showing computer-mediated linguistic norms and discussing the nature of the participants' roles. Based on an analysis of 1005 posts occurring between doctors and the users of health service websites, I analyse how doctor–patient communication is affected by the medium and how health professionals overcome issues concerning the virtual medical visit. Results suggest that (a) online medical answers offer a different service from that expected by users, as doctors cannot always fulfill patient requests, and (b) net consultations use aspects of traditional doctor–patient exchange and yet present a language and a style that are affected by the computer-mediated environment. Additionally, it seems that this new form leads to a different model of doctor–patient relationship. The findings are intended to provide new insights into web-based discourse in doctor–patient communication and to demonstrate the emergence of a new style in medical communication.
An Analysis of Regulatory Strategies for Recycling and Re-Use of Metals in Australia
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Wayne Gumley
Full Text Available This article considers regulatory strategies that promote more efficient use of material inputs within the Australian economy, with particular focus on recycling and recovery of metals, drawing upon the concept of a "circular economy". It briefly reviews the nature of regulation and trends in regulatory strategies within changing policy contexts, and then examines the regulatory framework applicable to the various phases in the life cycle of metals, ranging from extraction of minerals to processing and assimilation of metals into finished products, through to eventual disposal of products as waste. Discussion focuses upon the regulatory strategies applied in each phase and the changing roles of government and business operators within global distribution networks. It is concluded that the prevailing political agenda favoring deregulation and reduced taxation may be a major barrier to development of new styles of regulation and more effective use of taxation powers that is needed to support a more circular economy in metals. The implication for future research is the need to substantiate the outcomes of reflexive regulatory strategies with well-designed empirical studies.
Analytical Analysis and Field Test Investigation of Consolidation for CCSG Pile Composite Foundation in Soft Clay
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Jin Yu
Full Text Available Low-grade concrete-cored sand-gravel (CCSG pile composite foundation is a new kind of composite foundation for thick and soft clay ground treatment. An analytical solution was derived for calculating the consolidation process of this composite foundation by considering coefficients of horizontal permeability in smear zone, the radial flow within the sand-gravel shell, and the impervious property of concrete-cored pile. The results show that Terzaghi's one-dimensional consolidation solution and the consolidation analytical solution of ordinary composite foundation were special cases of this solution. Curves of the average consolidation degree of the composite foundation under various nondimensional parameters were observed using the program based on the theoretical formula. Meanwhile, a series of in situ measurements including the settlement of pile and soil, the pore water pressure, and the total stress under embankment load were obtained on the CCSG pile composite foundation on a section of Zhenjiang-Liyang highway. The analyzed results show that the new style composite foundation patent technology has many advantages such as small differential postconstruction settlement (differential is not good, small is, reliable quality, high bearing capacity, and stability. And the consolidation of composite foundation is largely affected by the nondimensional parameters. The analytical solution is finally verified with the actual measurement data.
Accelerating Innovation Through Coopetition: The Innovation Learning Network Experience.
McCarthy, Chris; Ford Carleton, Penny; Krumpholz, Elizabeth; Chow, Marilyn P
Coopetition, the simultaneous pursuit of cooperation and competition, is a growing force in the innovation landscape. For some organizations, the primary mode of innovation continues to be deeply secretive and highly competitive, but for others, a new style of shared challenges, shared purpose, and shared development has become a superior, more efficient way of working to accelerate innovation capabilities and capacity. Over the last 2 decades, the literature base devoted to coopetition has gradually expanded. However, the field is still in its infancy. The majority of coopetition research is qualitative, primarily consisting of case studies. Few studies have addressed the nonprofit sector or service industries such as health care. The authors believe that this article may offer a unique perspective on coopetition in the context of a US-based national health care learning alliance designed to accelerate innovation, the Innovation Learning Network or ILN. The mission of the ILN is to "Share the joy and pain of innovation," accelerating innovation by sharing solutions, teaching techniques, and cultivating friendships. These 3 pillars (sharing, teaching, and cultivating) form the foundation for coopetition within the ILN. Through the lens of coopetition, we examine the experience of the ILN over the last 10 years and provide case examples that illustrate the benefits and challenges of coopetition in accelerating innovation in health care.
The Application of Waiting Lines System in Improving Customer Service Management: The Examination of Malaysia Fast Food Restaurants Industry
Ismail, Zurina; Shokor, Shahrul Suhaimi AB
Rapid life time change of the Malaysian lifestyle had served the overwhelming growth in the service operation industry. On that occasion, this paper will provide the idea to improve the waiting line system (WLS) practices in Malaysia fast food chains. The study will compare the results in between the single server single phase (SSSP) and the single server multi-phase (SSMP) which providing Markovian Queuing (MQ) to be used for analysis. The new system will improve the current WLS, plus intensifying the organization performance. This new WLS were designed and tested in a real case scenario and in order to develop and implemented the new styles, it need to be focusing on the average number of customers (ANC), average number of customer spending time waiting in line (ACS), and the average time customers spend in waiting and being served (ABS). We introduced new WLS design and there will be prompt discussion upon theories of benefits and potential issues that will benefit other researchers.
Arribas-Ayllon, Michael
The concept of geneticization belongs to a style of thinking within the social sciences that refers to wide-ranging processes and consequences of genetic knowledge. Lippman's original use of the term was political, anticipating the onerous consequences of genetic reductionism and determinism, while more recent engagements emphasise the productivity and heterogeneity of genetic concepts, practices and technologies. This paper reconstructs the geneticization concept, tracing it back to early political critiques of medicine. The argument is made that geneticization belongs to a style of constructionist thinking that obscures and exaggerates the essentializing effects of genetic knowledge. Following Hacking's advice, we need a more literal sense of construction in terms of 'assembly' to give a clearer account of the relationship between processes and products. Using the 'assemblage' concept to explore the social ontology of genetics, the paper reviews three areas of the empirical literature on geneticization - disease classification, clinical practice and biosociality - to show that a new style of thinking has appeared within the social sciences. In the final assessment, the conditions that gave rise to geneticization are now obsolete. While it may serve as a useful ritual of debate, conceptually geneticization offers a limited account of the heterogeneity of socio-technical change. Copyright © 2016 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Pivato, Stefano
When did, actually, "noise pollution" begin to coexist along with our daily life and activities and change our environmental natural sounds, which hadn't changed for centuries? Industrial revolution, first, and the introduction of new technologies later, introduced "noise" as one of the most relevant features that marked the development of progress. Later on, it became the distinctive characteristic of the XX century. The incessant rumble of industrial machinery, of weapons and cannons from the wars, the roar of cars in the streets and aeroplanes from the sky, the deafening sound of XX century music, as well as the shouting out of new political ideas suddenly invaded the new century. They became part of our daily life so much as almost to become a new lay religion of modernity. As the century proceeded towards economic boom, a "new noisy Man" complied with this change, becoming the anthropologic prototype who was able to adapt to the new style of life and even contribute to its expansion. All this finally allows, to day, a definition of the XX century as the "century of noise".
Pathological publishing: A new psychological disorder with legal consequences?
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Gualberto Buela-Casal
Full Text Available The present study deals with an important problem that currently affects scientists and society, namely, the falsification and manipulation of research and researchers' CVs, which has considerably increased in recent years. This is shown by some studies, the authors of which have found high percentages of researchers who falsify their CV or manipulate data. We analyze the system used to evaluate science and researchers, which is almost exclusively based on the impact factor. We review the main critiques on the inappropriate use of the impact factor to assess researchers and argue that this has generated a new style of thinking in which the only goal is to obtain publications with an impact factor. Over the last few years, the pressure to publish has led to an obsession among researchers to disseminate the multiple indicators of their scientific publications over the Internet, to the extent that such initiatives look like marketing campaigns where researchers advertise themselves. For all these reasons, we propose that this may be a new psychological disorder, given that several criteria indicating maladaptation are clearly met: falsification and/or manipulation of data, falsification of publication indicators, distortion of reality, belief in manipulated data, and an obsession to conduct marketing campaigns of oneself. We address the important ethical and legal implications of such falsifications. Finally, we discuss the need to change the system used to evaluate science and researchers, which undoubtedly promotes these dishonest behaviors or this psychological dysfunction.
Research on cloud computing solutions
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Liudvikas Kaklauskas
Full Text Available Cloud computing can be defined as a new style of computing in which dynamically scala-ble and often virtualized resources are provided as a services over the Internet. Advantages of the cloud computing technology include cost savings, high availability, and easy scalability. Voas and Zhang adapted six phases of computing paradigms, from dummy termi-nals/mainframes, to PCs, networking computing, to grid and cloud computing. There are four types of cloud computing: public cloud, private cloud, hybrid cloud and community. The most common and well-known deployment model is Public Cloud. A Private Cloud is suited for sensitive data, where the customer is dependent on a certain degree of security.According to the different types of services offered, cloud computing can be considered to consist of three layers (services models: IaaS (infrastructure as a service, PaaS (platform as a service, SaaS (software as a service. Main cloud computing solutions: web applications, data hosting, virtualization, database clusters and terminal services. The advantage of cloud com-puting is the ability to virtualize and share resources among different applications with the objective for better server utilization and without a clustering solution, a service may fail at the moment the server crashes.DOI: 10.15181/csat.v2i2.914
An extended magnetic quadrupole lens for a high-resolution nuclear microprobe
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Breese, M.B.H. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Grime, G.W.; Linford, W.; Harold, M
This paper describes the design requirements and initial performance of a new style of magnetic quadrupole lens for use in a high-resolution nuclear microprobe, which is presently being constructed in Oxford. Such a microprobe necessitates the use of a small image distance from the exit face of the final quadrupole lens to the image plane in order to produce a large demagnification. This means that the final lens should be as close to the sample chamber as possible. However, with conventional magnetic quadrupoles the current-carrying coils protrude by a typical distance of 10-20 mm beyond the pole face, thereby significantly limiting the minimum image distance. The approach taken here is to recess the coils into the body of the lens, so that they are almost flush with the pole pieces and lens yoke, enabling an image distance of 55 mm. Three-dimensional magnetic field calculations within this lens structure predict that the field in the extended pole piece 'nose' region is only slightly less than that in the main lens body. Experimental field profiles, measured using a Hall probe, are used to confirm these calculations.
An extended magnetic quadrupole lens for a high-resolution nuclear microprobe
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Breese, M.B.H.; Grime, G.W.; Linford, W.; Harold, M.
This paper describes the design requirements and initial performance of a new style of magnetic quadrupole lens for use in a high-resolution nuclear microprobe, which is presently being constructed in Oxford. Such a microprobe necessitates the use of a small image distance from the exit face of the final quadrupole lens to the image plane in order to produce a large demagnification. This means that the final lens should be as close to the sample chamber as possible. However, with conventional magnetic quadrupoles the current-carrying coils protrude by a typical distance of 10-20 mm beyond the pole face, thereby significantly limiting the minimum image distance. The approach taken here is to recess the coils into the body of the lens, so that they are almost flush with the pole pieces and lens yoke, enabling an image distance of 55 mm. Three-dimensional magnetic field calculations within this lens structure predict that the field in the extended pole piece 'nose' region is only slightly less than that in the main lens body. Experimental field profiles, measured using a Hall probe, are used to confirm these calculations
The National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and Post-war Japanese Optical Astronomy
Tajima, Toshiyuki
This paper depicts some aspects of the formative process of the Japanese optical and infrared astronomical community in the post-war period, featuring the transition of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(NAOJ). We take up three cases of telescope construction, examining their background and their contribution to the Japanese astronomical community. Through these cases, the characteristics of traditions and cultures of optical and infrared astronomy in Japan are considered. Although the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory (TAO) of the University of Tokyo, the predecessor of NAOJ, was originally founded as an agency for practical astronomical observation such as time and almanac service, it has become an international centre for all types of astrophysical research. Research and development of telescopes and observational instruments have become an important part of the astronomers' practice. Now, however, a number of Japanese universities are planning to have their own large to middle-sized telescopes, and a new style of astronomical research is emerging involving astrophysical studies utilising data acquired from the Virtual Observatory, so there is a distinct possibility that the status of the NAOJ will change even further in the future.
Privacy Leakage in Mobile Sensing: Your Unlock Passwords Can Be Leaked through Wireless Hotspot Functionality
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Jie Zhang
Full Text Available Mobile sensing has become a new style of applications and most of the smart devices are equipped with varieties of sensors or functionalities to enhance sensing capabilities. Current sensing systems concentrate on how to enhance sensing capabilities; however, the sensors or functionalities may lead to the leakage of users' privacy. In this paper, we present WiPass, a way to leverage the wireless hotspot functionality on the smart devices to snoop the unlock passwords/patterns without the support of additional hardware. The attacker can "see" your unlock passwords/patterns even one meter away. WiPass leverages the impacts of finger motions on the wireless signals during the unlocking period to analyze the passwords/patterns. To practically implement WiPass, we are facing the difficult feature extraction and complex unlock passwords matching, making the analysis of the finger motions challenging. To conquer the challenges, we use DCASW to extract feature and hierarchical DTW to do unlock passwords matching. Besides, the combination of amplitude and phase information is used to accurately recognize the passwords/patterns. We implement a prototype of WiPass and evaluate its performance under various environments. The experimental results show that WiPass achieves the detection accuracy of 85.6% and 74.7% for passwords/patterns detection in LOS and in NLOS scenarios, respectively.
JUST ARRIVED... and already an expert on CERN
The induction programme has just changed. Although the programme has been providing practical information to newcomers in their first months at CERN since 1996, it has just been renewed to help new arrivals right from day one. The first group of new arrivals to experience the new induction programme, along with members of the induction team, outside building 33. Until 1996, most newcomers at CERN were easy to identify: they always carried a map with them, often got lost, and were confused with the names of Divisions and groups. This was because an induction programme for new staff had not yet been created. Since then, induction sessions have taken place every trimester and have been much appreciated. However some newcomers find themselves waiting several weeks before being invited to a briefing session. This is about to change! At the beginning of June, HR Division ran a new-style pilot induction session designed to change the global structure of the programme. From now on, as soon as newcomers take their f...
The main application of piano playing techniques in teaching%钢琴的演奏技法在教学中的主要应用
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
想要赢取合理的钢琴教学实效,第一要决便是督促学生掌握关键的钢琴演奏技法,主动感知作曲主体创作思想和相关历史背景,顺势彰显无比鲜明的技术个性与演奏风格。至于笔者的任务,便是结合个人实践经验制定实施全新样式的钢琴演奏技法教学应用方案,方便学生掌握不同类型音乐作品演奏旋律,为学生个体情操陶冶和思维灵活舒展,提供更为稳固的支撑引导条件。%To gain reasonable piano teaching effectiveness, the first secret is urge the students to grasp the key of the piano playing techniques, active perception composer created the main ideas and the relevant historical background, highlighting technology personality and playing style. The author's task is combined with personal experience, develop new style of piano playing skils teaching scheme, convenient for students to master the different types of music melody, to provide a more solid support guidance for cultivating students' individual character and thinking flexible stretch.
Numerical solving of equations in the work of José Mariano Vallejo
Pacheco Castelao, José-Miguel; Pérez-Fern; ández, F. Javier; Suárez Alemán, Carlos-Oswaldo
The progress of Mathematics during the nineteenth century was characterised both by an enormous acquisition of new knowledge and by the attempts to introduce rigour in reasoning patterns and mathematical writing. Cauchy's presentation of Mathematical Analysis was not immediately accepted, and many writers, though aware of that new style, did not use it in their own mathematical production. This paper is devoted to an episode of this sort that took place in Spain during the first half of the century: It deals with the presentation of a method for numerically solving algebraic equations by José Mariano Vallejo, a late Spanish follower of the Enlightenment ideas, politician, writer, and mathematician who published it in the fourth (1840) edition of his book Compendio de Mathemáticas Puras y Mistas, claiming to have discovered it on his own. Vallejo's main achievement was to write down the whole procedure in a very careful way taking into account the different types of roots, although he paid little attention to questions such as convergence checks and the fulfilment of the hypotheses of Rolle's Theorem. For sure this lack of mathematical care prevented Vallejo to occupy a place among the forerunners of Computational Algebra.
Suppliche al Papa di Giacomo II, re di Maiorca e di Giacomo II, re di Aragona
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Battelli, Giulio
Full Text Available All the Papal Petitions quoted here regard the relation between the Pope and the two Kings of Majorca and Aragon in an unstable period for the peace in Europe. They are the oldest known petitions so far, written in a new style comparing the usage of the Curia in that period, and they can be considered a new chapter in knowledge of the History of the Papal Diplomatics.
Les requêtes présentées ici font référence à la relation du pape avec les rois de Majorque et d'Aragon pendant un période d'instabilité pour la paix en Europe. Dans la mesure où ce sont les plus anciennes retrouvées jusqu'à présent, et étant rédigés avec des formules nouvelles, par rapport à l'usage de la Curie Romaine, elles constituent un nouveau pas pour la connaissance de l'histoire de la diplomatique pontificale.
GOYA LOPES - Journey of a Creator
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Maria Auxiliadora dos Santos Goya Lopes
Full Text Available This article presents the launching of a fashion and decoration trend linked to the African and/or Afro-Brazilian world. It was created with the purpose of meeting the market demands that envisioned a brand with this cultural identity. It is a biographical text illustrated with photos and drawings from the author's artistic production. The article is developed in three parts: the author's motivation since her childhood when she discovered she had a distinctive way of drawing; her training as a plastic artist and designer; and her entrepreneurship strategy to successfully develop and market a fabric stamping pattern with its own personality.The contribution of this AfroBrazilian pioneering design work paved the way for the examination of a new style that has not yet been sufficiently explored in the fashion world. The article reflects on the experience of Goya Lopes as an artist, designer and businesswoman, portraying her career and training, and also how the motivation throughout her life contributed to the creation of this authored work.
Development of biologically modified anodes for energy harvesting using microbial fuel cells
Sumner, James J.; Ganguli, Rahul; Chmelka, Brad
Biological fuel cells hold promise as an alternative energy source to batteries for unattended ground sensor applications due to the fact that they can be extremely long lived. This lifetime can be extended over batteries by scavenging fuel from the deployed environment. Microbial fuel cells (MFC) are one class of such sources that produce usable energy from small organic compounds (i.e. sugars, alcohols, organic acids, and biopolymers) which can be easily containerized or scavenged from the environment. The use of microorganisms as the anodic catalysts is what makes these systems unique from other biofuel cell designs. One of the main drawbacks of engineering a sensor system powered by an MFC is that power densities and current flux are extremely low in currently reported systems. The power density is limited by the mass transfer of the fuel source to the catalyst, the metabolism of the microbial catalysts and the electron transfer from the organism to the anode. This presentation will focus on the development of a new style of microbially-modified anodes which will increase power density to a level where a practical power source can be engineered. This is being achieved by developing a three dimensional matrix as an artificial, conductive biofilm. These artificial biofilms will allow the capture of a consortium of microbes designed for efficient metabolism of the available fuel source. Also it will keep the microbes close to the electrode allowing ready access by fuel and providing a low resistance passage of the liberated electrons from fuel oxidation.
Air-side performance of a parallel-flow parallel-fin (PF{sup 2}) heat exchanger in sequential frosting
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zhang, Ping [Zhejiang Vocational College of Commerce, Hangzhou, Binwen Road 470 (China); Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801 (United States); Hrnjak, P.S. [Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801 (United States)
The thermal-hydraulic performance in periodic frosting conditions is experimentally studied for the parallel-flow parallel-fin heat exchanger, henceforth referred to as a PF{sup 2} heat exchanger, a new style of heat exchanger that uses louvered bent fins on flat tubes to enhance water drainage when the flat tubes are horizontal. Typically, it takes a few frosting/defrosting cycles to come to repeatable conditions. The criterion for the initiation of defrost and a sufficiently long defrost period are determined for the test PF{sup 2} heat exchanger and test condition. The effects of blower operation on the pressure drop, frost accumulation, water retention, and capacity in time are compared under the conditions of 15 sequential frosting cycles. Pressure drop across the heat exchanger and overall heat transfer coefficient are quantified under frost conditions as functions of the air humidity and air face velocity. The performances of two types of flat-tube heat exchangers, PF{sup 2} heat exchanger and conventional parallel-flow serpentine-fin (PFSF) heat exchanger, are compared and the results obtained are presented. (author)
Wherever We Find Friends there Begins a New Life: Tagore and China
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Jana Rošker
Full Text Available Tagore made a deep impression upon the Chinese culture and society. In 1923, the Jiangxue she 講學社 (Beijing Lecture Association invited Rabindranath Tagore to deliver a series of talks. The Jiangxue she Association was established in September 1920 and represented one of the many institutions that came to life in China during the May Fourth Movement. Since then, almost all of his works in English have been translated into Chinese. He came to China just when the latter was beginning her Renaissance and his visit certainly gave a great impetus to this new movement. His poems of Stray Birds and The Crescent Moon have created new styles of prosody in the new Chinese poetry. A Crescent Moon Society (for poetry and a Crescent Moon magazine were started immediately after this event by Hu Shi 胡适 (Hu 2002: 90. During his visit, Tagore raised two basic questions, one about the relation between tradition and modernity, and the other about the usual identification of modernisation with Westernisation. Since the May Fourth Movement, China has also been concerned with these questions and Chinese intellectuals have come out with different answers. These questions, however, were important not only for China but for India as well. Such debates and the revaluation of various answers represented the most important condition for a consolidation of new ideologies, which formed a political basis for the changing societies of both countries.
Orality and literacy, formality and informality in email communication
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Carmen Pérez Sabater
Full Text Available Approaches to the linguistic characteristics of computer-mediated communication (CMC have highlighted the frequent oral traits involved in electronic mail along with features of written language. But email is today a new communication exchange medium in social, professional and academic settings, frequently used as a substitute for the traditional formal letter. The oral characterizations and linguistic formality involved in this use of emails are still in need of research. This paper explores the formal and informal features in emails based on a corpus of messages exchanged by academic institutions, and studies the similarities and differences on the basis of their mode of communication (one-to-one or one-to-many and the sender's mother tongue (native or nonnative. The language samples collected were systematically analyzed for formality of greetings and farewells, use of contractions, politeness indicators and non-standard linguistic features. The findings provide new insights into traits of orality and formality in email communication and demonstrate the emergence of a new style in writing for even the most important, confidential and formal purposes which seems to be forming a new sub-genre of letter-writing.
Master's programs in advanced nursing practice: new strategies to enhance course design for subspecialty training in neonatology and pediatrics
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Morgan C
Full Text Available Colin Morgan,1,2 Catherine Barry,1,2 Katie Barnes2,31Liverpool Women's Hospital, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK; 2Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; 3Liverpool Community Health, Liverpool, UKAbstract: The advanced nurse practitioner (ANP role first developed in the USA in the 1960s in primary care. Since then, it has evolved in many different countries and subspecialties, creating a variety of challenges for those designing and implementing master's programs for this valuable professional group. We focus on ANPs in the neonatal and pediatric intensive care setting to illustrate the complexity of issues faced by both faculty and students in such a program. We review the impact of limited resources, faculty recruitment/accreditation, and the relationship with the medical profession in establishing a curriculum. We explore the evidence for the importance of ANP role definition, supervision, and identity among other health professionals to secure a successful role transition. We describe how recent advances in technology can be used to innovate with new styles of teaching and learning to overcome some of the difficulties in running master's programs for small subspecialties. We illustrate, through our own experience, how a thorough assessment of the available literature can be used to innovate and develop strategies to create an individual MSc programs that are designed to meet the needs of highly specialized advanced neonatal and pediatric nursing practice.Keywords: master's program, advanced nurse practitioner, advanced practice, neonatal, pediatric, intensive care
Rapid prototyping of reflectors for vehicle lighting using laser activated remote phosphor
Lachmayer, Roland; Kloppenburg, Gerolf; Wolf, Alexander
Bright white light sources are of significant importance for automotive front lighting systems. Today's upper class vehicles mainly use HID or LED as light source. As a further step in this development laser diode based systems offer high luminance, efficiency and allow the realization of new styling concepts and new dynamic lighting functions. These white laser diode systems can either be realized by mixing different spectral sources or by combining diodes with specific phosphors. Based on the approach of generating light using a laser and remote phosphor, lighting modules are manufactured. Four blue laser diodes (450 nm) are used to activate a phosphor coating and thus to achieve white light. A segmented paraboloid reflector generates the desired light distribution for an additional car headlamp. We use high speed milling and selective laser melting to build the reflector system for this lighting module. We compare the spectral reflection grade of these materials. Furthermore the generated modules are analyzed regarding their efficiency and light distribution. The use of Rapid Prototyping technologies allows an early validation of the chosen concept and is supposed to reduce cost and time in the product development process significantly. Therefor we discuss costs and times of the applied manufacturing technologies.
Research of high speed data readout and pre-processing system based on xTCA for silicon pixel detector
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Zhao Jingzhou; Lin Haichuan; Guo Fang; Liu Zhen'an; Xu Hao; Gong Wenxuan; Liu Zhao
As the development of the detector, Silicon pixel detectors have been widely used in high energy physics experiments. It needs data processing system with high speed, high bandwidth and high availability to read data from silicon pixel detectors which generate more large data. The same question occurs on Belle II Pixel Detector which is a new style silicon pixel detector used in SuperKEKB accelerator with high luminance. The paper describes the research of High speed data readout and pre-processing system based on xTCA for silicon pixel detector. The system consists of High Performance Computer Node (HPCN) based on xTCA and ATCA frame. The HPCN consists of 4XFPs based on AMC, 1 AMC Carrier ATCA Board (ACAB) and 1 Rear Transmission Module. It characterized by 5 high performance FPGAs, 16 fiber links based on RocketIO, 5 Gbit Ethernet ports and DDR2 with capacity up to 18GB. In a ATCA frame, 14 HPCNs make up a system using the high speed backplane to achieve the function of data pre-processing and trigger. This system will be used on the trigger and data acquisition system of Belle II Pixel detector. (authors)
[A design of refractometer based on blur circle].
Zhang, Yikui; Huang, Shenghai; Ye, Huifang; Zou, Ruitao; Tong, Gengmin; Zhuo, Ran
Design a convenient and stable eye refractometer based on the theory of blur circle. Analyze the retinal blur circle in both Emsly reduced eye model and Liou & Brennan 1997 eye model by ZEMAX. Design the coefficients including PD (pupil diameter) and NO' (length between node point and fovea) with the purpose of improving the accuracy. At last, compare the clinical optometry data from this refractor with the data obtained from optometry hospital in Wenzhou. The blur circle diameters are nearly the same in both reduced eye model and the Liou & Brennan 1997 eye model. With the PD = 4 mm and NO' = 20 mm, the refractor shows a fine accuracy in optometry. The paired t test shows that the myopia group and the astigmatism axial direction group have no statistical difference between the data from the blur circle refractor and the hospital (P > 0.05), while the astigmatism degree group has the result of P = 0.41 which may be caused by the poor cooperation of pediatric patients. 80% of the astigmatism degree data differ from the data from the hospital in less than 0.75D. The blur circle refractor, with the features of convenience and fine accuracy, is promised to be a new style of refractometer in the future.
Perception of Time, Creative Attitudes, and Adoption of Innovations: A Cross-Cultural Study from Chinese and US College Students
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Seung-Hee Lee
Full Text Available This study explores how earlier (vs. later adopters of innovation differ in time perception and creative attitudes, comparing Chinese and US college students. Research on the perception of time and creative attitudes is useful to understand how sustainability and creative collaboration might work together. Various relationships exist between different levels of innovation adoption groups and creative attitudes or perceptions of time. We found that earlier adopters scored higher on economic time and future time orientation. This may indicate that earlier adopters are sensitive about their planned schedule. Also, earlier adopters with a future time orientation are forward-thinking and anticipate the introduction of new styles, items, or events in the future. We also find that Chinese (vs. US participants scored higher on creative capacity and creative collaboration but did not differ in general creative attitudes or creative risk-taking. For all participants from these two countries, earlier adopters (vs. later scored higher on all aspects of creative attitudes. This study suggests academic and practical implications regarding sustainability issues. From an academic perspective, this study adds a new perspective to the literature about the relationships among time of adoption, time perception, creative attitudes, and cultural values, and is especially useful for how these four variables influence sustainability. From a practitioner perspective, this study provides information of how consumer values and attitudes in a developing economy (China and a developed economy (US might facilitate open innovation and induce sustainability.
Surgical discharge summaries: improving the record.
Adams, D C; Bristol, J B; Poskitt, K R
The problem area of communication between hospital and general practitioners may potentially be improved by the advent of new information technology. The introduction of a regional computer database for general surgery allows the rapid automated production of discharge summaries and has provided us with the opportunity for auditing the quality of old and new styles of discharge communication. A total of 118 general practitioners were sent a postal questionnaire to establish their views on the relative importance of various aspects of patient information and management after discharge. A high response rate (97%) indicated the interest of general practitioners in this topic. The majority (73%) believed that summaries should be delayed no more than 3 days. The structured and shortened new format was preferred to the older style of discharge summary. The older format rarely arrived within an appropriate time and its content was often felt to be either inadequate (35%) or excessive (7%) compared with the new format (8% and 1%, respectively). The diagnosis, information given to the patient, clinic date, list of medications and investigations were considered the more important details in the summary. Improvements in the discharge information were suggested and have subsequently been incorporated in our discharge policy. The use of new information technology, intended to facilitate clinical audit, has improved our ability to generate prompt, well-structured discharge summaries which are accepted by the general practitioners.
Regulating the health care workforce: next steps for research.
Davies, Celia
This article explores the recent ferment surrounding professional self-regulation in medicine and other health professions. It reviews the academic literature and sets out an agenda for research. The first section considers definitions, acknowledging the particularly complex regulatory maze in UK health care at present, in which professional self-regulation is only one part. The second section reviews academic writing, currently dispersed among the disciplines. 'The logic of light touch regulation', a feature of the 19th century establishment of the General Medical Council, can perhaps shed light on present debates. Alongside the intense political spotlight on regulation in the wake of the Bristol case, consumer-led research and consumer pressure to rethink the principles of regulation has emerged. This is examined in the third section. Finally, themes for research are advanced. First, there is a need to explore the changing relationship between the state and professions and implications, not only for the professions but for health care more broadly. Second, calls for a new professionalism need to be given clearer content. Third, the moves towards more lay involvement in regulatory bodies need study. Fourth, questions of human rights and professional registers must be explored. Fundamental questions of what professional self-regulation can hope to achieve and where it fits in relation to government ambitions as a whole, remain unresolved. Alongside the work programme of the new overarching regulator, there may well be scope for a new style of public enquiry covering the whole territory of regulation.
Effectiveness of the PRECEDE model in obese patients undergoing primary care nurses follow-up
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Inés Maria Barrio Cantalejo
Full Text Available Obesity is a serious problem in western modern countries. Primary care nurses has to follow up these patients but often with poor results. The PRECEDE model (Green L.W try to help patients to identify factors that predispose, make easier or reinforce their relationship with food and physical exercise. Objectives: To evaluate if PRECEDE makes easier the adherence of obese patients to a new style of feeding and exercise that reduces their BMI. Metodology: Experimental design, community randomised study. We analysed two samples of two different interventions: in one we applied the PRECEDE, in the other one the conventional advice about diet and exercise. Measures at 12 and 18 months. Both samples were homogeneous. The relationship between qualitative data has been studied through the Pearson x2 test and the comparison of quantitative data between two groups through the Student T test for independent samples. Results: a The PRECEDE intervention group lost more weigh than control at 12ª month, but this difference is almost null at 18º month. b The BMI difference has low clinical value because in both cases the final BMI is >30. Conclusions: a PRECEDE model shows a major capacity to reduce the BMI than the conventional model at short time. b To conclude that the PRECEDE weigh reduction is clinically effective we should have to extend our educational intervention longer time.
Testing Video and Social Media for Engaging Users of the U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit
Green, C. J.; Gardiner, N.; Niepold, F., III; Esposito, C.
We developed a custom video production stye and a method for analyzing social media behavior so that we may deliberately build and track audience growth for decision-support tools and case studies within the U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit. The new style of video focuses quickly on decision processes; its 30s format is well-suited for deployment through social media. We measured both traffic and engagement with video using Google Analytics. Each video included an embedded tag, allowing us to measure viewers' behavior: whether or not they entered the toolkit website; the duration of their session on the website; and the number pages they visited in that session. Results showed that video promotion was more effective on Facebook than Twitter. Facebook links generated twice the number of visits to the toolkit. Videos also increased Facebook interaction overall. Because most Facebook users are return visitors, this campaign did not substantially draw new site visitors. We continue to research and apply these methods in a targeted engagement and outreach campaign that utilizes the theory of social diffusion and social influence strategies to grow our audience of "influential" decision-makers and people within their social networks. Our goal is to increase access and use of the U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit.
Summary of researches being performed in the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science on computer science and information technologies
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Artiom Alhazov
Full Text Available Evolution of the informatization notion (which assumes automation of majority of human activities applying computers, computer networks, information technologies towards the notion of {\\it Global Information Society} (GIS challenges the determination of new paradigms of society: automation and intellectualization of production, new level of education and teaching, formation of new styles of work, active participation in decision making, etc. To assure transition to GIS for any society, including that from Republic of Moldova, requires both special training and broad application of progressive technologies and information systems. Methodological aspects concerning impact of GIS creation over the citizen, economic unit, national economy in the aggregate demands a profound study. Without systematic approach to these aspects the GIS creation would have confront great difficulties. Collective of researchers from the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science (IMCS of Academy of Sciences of Moldova, which work in the field of computer science, constitutes the center of advanced researches and activates in those directions of researches of computer science which facilitate technologies and applications without of which the development of GIS cannot be assured.
Dental microwear reveals mammal-like chewing in the neoceratopsian dinosaur Leptoceratops gracilis
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Frank J. Varriale
Full Text Available Extensive oral processing of food through dental occlusion and orbital mandibular movement is often cited as a uniquely mammalian trait that contributed to their evolutionary success. Save for mandibular translation, these adaptations are not seen in extant archosaurs or lepidosaurs. In contrast, some ornithischian dinosaurs show evidence of precise dental occlusion, habitual intraoral trituration and complex jaw motion. To date, however, a robust understanding of the diversity of jaw mechanics within non-avian dinosaurs, and its comparison with other vertebrates, remains unrealized. Large dental batteries, well-developed dental wear facets, and robust jaws suggests that neoceratopsian (horned dinosaurs were capable chewers. But, biomechanical analyses have assumed a relatively simple, scissor-like (orthal jaw mechanism for these animals. New analyses of dental microwear, presented here, show curvilinear striations on the teeth of Leptoceratops. These features indicate a rostral to caudal orbital motion of the mandible during chewing. A rostrocaudal mandibular orbit is seen in multituberculates, haramiyid allotherians, and some rodents, and its identification in Leptoceratops gracilis is the first evidence of complex, mammal-like chewing in a ceratopsian dinosaur. The term circumpalinal is here proposed to distinguish this new style of chewing from other models of ceratopsian mastication that also involve a palinal component. This previously unrecognized complexity in dinosaurian jaw mechanics indicates that some neoceratopsian dinosaurs achieved a mammalian level of masticatory efficiency through novel adaptive solutions.
Moving toward multi-dimensional radiotherapy and the role of radiobiology
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Oita, Masataka; Uto, Yoshihiro; Aoyama, Hideki
Recent radiotherapy for cancer treatment enable the high-precision irradiation to the target under the computed image guidance. Developments of such radiotherapy has played large role in the improved strategy of cancer treatments. In addition, the molecular mechanistic studies related to proliferations of cancer cell contribute the multidisciplinary fields of clinical radiotherapies. Therefore, the combination of the image guidance and molecular targeting of cancer cells make it possible for individualized cancer treatment. Especially, the use of particle beam or boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been spotlighted, and installations of such devices are planned widely. As the progress and collaborations of radiation biology and engineering physics, establishment of a new style of radiotherapy becomes available in post-genome era. In 2010s, the hi-tech machines controlling the spaciotemporal radiotherapy become in practice. Although, there still remains to be improved, e.g., more precise prediction of radiosensitivity or growth of individual tumors, and adverse outcomes after treatments, multi-dimensional optimizations of the individualized irradiations based on the molecular radiation biologies and medical physics are important for further development of radiotherapy. (author)
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Татьяна Сергеевна Семичевская
Full Text Available This article deals with the process of establishment and development the Russian revival style in Russian Empire's architecture of the 19th - early 20th centuries. During this period Russian society experienced intense changes that included innovations in technology, engineering and the art of building. Taking its origin from "Russian-byzantine" style in orthodox church building, the Russian revival style developed as a mixture of tradition and innovation. This eclectic style was inspired by the romantic revival movement of Western Europe and based on the interest in the historic monuments of the nation, especially in examples of pre-Peterine Russian architecture of the 17th century. The historicism of Russian Revival style resonated with the popular nationalism and pan-Slavism of the period. New style became a manifestation of the Russian national idea depicting in stone the specialty and uniqueness of our history and culture. Today the increasing interest to national cultural heritage actualizes the investigations of this extraordinary period of creativity represented by works of such famous architects as V. Stasov, K. Thon, V. Sherwood, I. Ropet and others. The appealing to "Russian-byzantine" style in modern church construction shows the power and vitality of its creative impulse.
Designing, Probing, and Stabilizing Exotic Fabry-Perot Cavities for Studying Strongly Correlated Light
Ryou, Albert
Synthetic materials made of engineered quasiparticles are a powerful platform for studying manybody physics and strongly correlated systems due to their bottom-up approach to Hamiltonian modeling. Photonic quasiparticles called polaritons are particularly appealing since they inherit fast dynamics from light and strong interaction from matter. This thesis describes the experimental demonstration of cavity Rydberg polaritons, which are composite particles arising from the hybridization of an optical cavity with Rydberg EIT, as well as the tools for probing and stabilizing the cavity. We first describe the design, construction, and testing of a four-mirror Fabry-Perot cavity, whose small waist size on the order of 10 microns is comparable to the Rydberg blockade radius. By achieving strong coupling between the cavity photon and an atomic ensemble undergoing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), we observe the emergence of the dark-state polariton and characterize its single-body properties as well as the single-quantum nonlinearity. We then describe the implementation of a holographic spatial light modulator for exciting different transverse modes of the cavity, an essential tool for studying polariton-polariton scattering. For compensating optical aberrations, we employ a digital micromirror device (DMD), combining beam shaping with adaptive optics to produce diffraction-limited light. We quantitatively measure the purity of the DMD-produced Hermite-Gauss modes and confirm up to 99.2% efficiency. One application of the technique is to create Laguerre-Gauss modes, which have been used to probe synthetic Landau levels for photons in a twisted, nonplanar cavity. Finally, we describe the implementation of an FPGA-based FIR filter for stabilizing the cavity. We digitally cancel the acoustical resonances of the feedback-controlled mechanical system, thereby demonstrating an order-of-magnitude enhancement in the feedback bandwidth from 200 Hz to more than 2 k
Recent results of studies of plasma fluctuations in stellarators by microwave scattering technique
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Skvortsova, N.N.; Batanov, G.M.; Kolik, L.V.; Petrov, A.E.; Pshenichnikov, A.A.; Sarksyan, K.A.; Kharchev, N.K.; Khol'nov, Yu.V.; Kubo, S.; Sanchez, J.
Microwave scattering diagnostics are described that allow direct measurements of the turbulent processes in a high-temperature plasma of magnetic confinement systems. Plasma density fluctuations in the heating region of the L-2M stellarator were measured from microwave scattering at the fundamental and the second harmonics of the heating gyrotron radiation. In the TJ-II stellarator, a separate 2-mm microwave source was used to produce a probing beam; the measurements were performed at the middle of the plasma radius. Plasma density fluctuations in the axial (heating) region of the LHD stellarator were measured from microwave scattering at the fundamental harmonic of the heating gyrotron radiation. Characteristic features of fluctuations, common for all three devices, are revealed with the methods of statistical and spectral analysis. These features are the wide frequency Fourier and wavelet spectra, autocorrelation functions with slowly decreasing tails, and non-Gaussian probability distributions of the magnitudes and the increments of the magnitude of fluctuations. The drift-dissipative instability and the instability driven by trapped electrons are examined as possible sources of turbulence in a high-temperature plasma. Observations showed the high level of coherence between turbulent fluctuations in the central region and at the edge of the plasma in L-2M. It is shown in L-2M that the relative intensity of the second harmonic of gyrotron radiation on the axis of a microwave beam after quasi-optical filtering in a four-mirror quasi-optical transmission line is about -50 dB of the total radiation intensity. Spatiotemporal structures in plasma density fluctuations were observed in the central region of the plasma column. The correlation time between the structures was found to be on the order of 1 ms. It is shown that, the spectrum of the signal from the second-harmonic scattering extends to higher frequencies in comparison with that from the fundamental
Aportación a la obra y la estética de Eulogio Varela (1868-1955
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Lourdes Jiménez Fernández
Full Text Available La contribución de Eulogio Várela al panorama gráfico finisecular español, esencialmente desde el núcleo madrileño, es coetánea y explicable a la recepción de los nuevos estilos el Simbolismo y su posterior versión decorativa delArt Nouveau. La incorporación y traducción a su producción artística de estos nuevos motivos iconográficos, lo convierten en uno de los mejores receptores de las formas modernistas en España. Como ejemplo de ello, voy a estudiar los primeros dibujos que realizó sobre la imaginería wagneriana para Blanco y Negro, en una temática la de las óperas de Richard Wagner, que tenían en esos momentos su mayor repercusión en la capital con el estreno de sus obras más influyentes.By the late nineteenth-century, Eulogio s Várela works can be explained by the use of the new styles like Symbolism and its later versión, the Art Nouveau. His contribution is quite remarkable in spanish graphic arts and specially in Madrid. Eulogio Várela brought in these new iconographic motives and reinterpretated them and so then he became one of the best followers of Modernism in Spain. The aim of this paper is to pointed out this hypoteses by examining Várela s first designs for "Blanco y Negro" where he uses iconographics elements from Wagner s music. The influence of Wagner on Várela 's works is not strange since the first performances of Wagner s music-dramma were being succesful in the capital.
In Situ Enzymatically Generated Photoswitchable Oxidase Mimetics and Their Application for Colorimetric Detection of Glucose Oxidase.
Cao, Gen-Xia; Wu, Xiu-Ming; Dong, Yu-Ming; Li, Zai-Jun; Wang, Guang-Li
In this study, a simple and amplified colorimetric assay is developed for the detection of the enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase (GOx) based on in situ formation of a photoswitchable oxidase mimetic of PO₄(3-)-capped CdS quantum dots (QDs). GOx catalyzes the oxidation of 1-thio-β-d-glucose to give 1-thio-β-d-gluconic acid which spontaneously hydrolyzes to β-d-gluconic acid and H₂S; the generated H₂S instantly reacts with Cd(2+) in the presence of Na₃PO₄ to give PO₄(3-)-stabilized CdS QDs in situ. Under visible-light (λ ≥ 400 nm) stimulation, the PO₄(3-)-capped CdS QDs are a new style of oxidase mimic derived by producing some active species, such as h⁺, (•)OH, O₂(•-) and a little H₂O₂, which can oxidize the typical substrate (3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzydine (TMB)) with a color change. Based on the GOx-triggered growth of the oxidase mimetics of PO₄(3-)-capped CdS QDs in situ, we developed a simple and amplified colorimetric assay to probe the enzymatic activity of GOx. The proposed method allowed the detection of the enzymatic activity of GOx over the range from 25 μg/L to 50 mg/L with a low detection limit of 6.6 μg/L. We believe the PO₄(3-)-capped CdS QDs generated in situ with photo-stimulated enzyme-mimicking activity may find wide potential applications in biosensors.
الإدارة الإلكترونية وتأثيرها في تطوير الأداء الوظيفي وتحسينه
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أحلام محمد شوّاي
Full Text Available Electronic management and its impact on career development and improve performance M.d.Ahlam Mohammed Shuai There is no doubt that the importance of e-governance in their ability to provide services that are fast, effective and efficient performance to individuals, public and private institutions, and their ability to keep pace with the tremendous development in the information and technological revolution the mounting systems have become a necessary requirement for the progress of the communities in which touted Palmasseh, from here was to LZMA on investment data institutions e-governance and adopted in achieving the tasks of the employees of those institutions and the beneficiaries of its services to the extent Soaaza so we are trying to define the problem around which this research the following question: What the impact of e-governance in the career development and improve performance (performance, speed and simplicity and quality size? The research aims to: 1. Identify the concept of e-governance and the statement of its importance and its ability to positively influence the management functions. 2. to identify the elements of the application of e-governance and constraints in social institutions. One researcher has used the research methodology descriptive approach by reviewing the available literature and books about the development of the electronic management functionality and Thasina.ccant main conclusions are: 1. e-governance a new style of administration newer profound changes in management environment in various social organizations. Benefits of better services to the beneficiaries, and better performance of the staff and workers. 2. latest electronic management pattern major shift in the traditional management functions in terms of planning, organization and command and control through the restructuring of administrative procedures, re-distribution of duties and powers, delegated authorities.
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С. Ю. Боєва
Full Text Available In the article a special attention is paid to issues of state support to free development of all styles and genres of Ukrainian fine arts, its broad popularization through all-Ukrainian regional, group or personal exhibitions in the post Soviet period. The activity of galleries has became an important factor for development of arts. They contribute to conservation of invaluable relics of the Ukrainian art; control the process of flow of cultural values from Ukraine, which at the present time acquires a mass and perilous character. The prominent tendencies of contemporary Ukrainian fine arts — neofolklorism (the folklore's influence on the art, postmodernism and others have also been analyzed in the article. The development of Ukrainian art of sculpture, engraving and caricature is in focus of the article, as well as new styles of the Ukrainian fine arts — installation, video art, performance, street-art, etc. The author concludes: economic difficulties experienced by Ukraine make the problem of social protection of arts especially urgent. This can be seen in the current state in purchases of works of arts by the state. For the Ukrainian fine arts the way of going out of the crisis is a formation of cultural infrastructure, ensuring the conditions of functioning of a real self-regulated art market. Despite all difficulties the Ukrainian art is developing and mastering its strength. There is quite a number of gifted Ukrainian artists who work in Ukraine or abroad and are known in the world and who respectfully represent the art of their people.
An adherence trilogy is essential for long-term HAART success
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Rosa Garcia
Full Text Available Adherence is the milestone of a successful therapy. Over the last decade several authors have addressed the importance of adherence for optimal results of antiretroviral (ARV therapy. Many health care systems are investing substantial resources to make available contemporary antiretroviral therapy. Despite the large investment in medications, insufficient investments have been made into an integrated adherence component to maximize the impact of these medications. Adherence, unlike drug therapy, cannot be defined as a single method with a defined prescription or formula. Instead, it is the result of a complex interaction between the patient, a prescribed medication and the health system. Many reports are available analyzing each of these components. We have found that critical elements of adherence include the patient's knowledge about the disease and how medications will help achieve a longer and healthier life, together with the motivation to adapt to a new style of life. A trilogy composed of information, motivation and behavioral skills is essential to achieve the maximum desired level of adherence. We have computerized this trilogy in a software program for self-administration in which each of the three components is provided to the patient as many times as necessary to transmit an understanding of the problem and to help make a rational decision to adhere to the ARV treatment program. In this review we analyze several efforts and techniques to improve adherence to any recommended medication that may interfere with the patient's lifestyle and outline how the adherence trilogy can be best used to optimize the ability of ARV therapy to durably suppress plasma HIV RNA to undetectable levels.
An adherence trilogy is essential for long-term HAART success
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Garcia Rosa
Full Text Available Adherence is the milestone of a successful therapy. Over the last decade several authors have addressed the importance of adherence for optimal results of antiretroviral (ARV therapy. Many health care systems are investing substantial resources to make available contemporary antiretroviral therapy. Despite the large investment in medications, insufficient investments have been made into an integrated adherence component to maximize the impact of these medications. Adherence, unlike drug therapy, cannot be defined as a single method with a defined prescription or formula. Instead, it is the result of a complex interaction between the patient, a prescribed medication and the health system. Many reports are available analyzing each of these components. We have found that critical elements of adherence include the patient's knowledge about the disease and how medications will help achieve a longer and healthier life, together with the motivation to adapt to a new style of life. A trilogy composed of information, motivation and behavioral skills is essential to achieve the maximum desired level of adherence. We have computerized this trilogy in a software program for self-administration in which each of the three components is provided to the patient as many times as necessary to transmit an understanding of the problem and to help make a rational decision to adhere to the ARV treatment program. In this review we analyze several efforts and techniques to improve adherence to any recommended medication that may interfere with the patient's lifestyle and outline how the adherence trilogy can be best used to optimize the ability of ARV therapy to durably suppress plasma HIV RNA to undetectable levels.
Complejo «Australia Square», en Sidney – Australia
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Seidler, Harry
Full Text Available This project has given a new style to the overcrowded centre of Sydney city. Its outstanding feature is the 50 storey, 170.70 m high tower, of circular cross section, which is a distinctive feature in the urban skyline. Most of the building is devoted to office space, but the lower floors include a commercial centre, and a theatre, which can be converted into a convention hall. At the top there is a terrace, offering a fine view of the town, and just below a rotating restaurant, with capacity for 330 guests, which turns round once every ninety minutes and enables diners to enjoy a total view of Sydney in the course of a meal. This building is also significant because of its structural design, the good space distribution, and the novelty and quality of its internal fittings.Destaca en este complejo, que ha aportado un nuevo sentido de vida al congestionado centro de Sydney, la torre de 50 plantas, 170,69 m de altura, y planta circular, que constituye un hito destacado en el centro de la ciudad. La mayor parte de sus plantas están destinadas a oficinas; las inferiores se dedican a centro comercial, y albergan un teatro convertible en sala de Juntas y Reuniones. La planta superior incluye una terraza, desde la que los visitantes pueden disfrutar de la vista de Sydney; debajo de ella hay un restaurante giratorio, con capacidad para 330 plazas, desde el cual los comensales pueden contemplar una vista panorámica completa del área metropolitana de Sydney, ya que su plataforma da una vuelta completa cada hora y media. Características de este edificio son: la bella solución estructural que presenta; máximo aprovechamiento del espacio logrado; flexibilidad en la distribución, y perfección y originalidad de sus instalaciones.
[Internet and cell phone addiction: passing fad or disorder?].
Sanchez-Carbonell, Xavier; Beranuy, Marta; Castellana, Montserrat; Chamarro, Ander; Oberst, Ursula
The Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) generate new styles of meeting people or connecting with friends or strangers. In this context, the internet and the mobile phone deserve special attention. This article deals with the maladaptive use of these technologies. By reviewing the literature published between 1991 and 2005 and indexed in the databases of PsycINFO, Medline, Psicodoc, IME, and ISOC, we aim to determine whether maladaptive use of these technologies can be considered a mental disorder, and if so, of which type. We describe the psychological phenomena of maladaptive use of the internet and mobile phones, we review research on prevalence and possible risk groups, and finally we discuss some of the criticisms made with regard to the existence and classification of this disorder. It is concluded that excessive use of the internet can lead to a mental disorder of the addictive type, which can particularly affect individuals with special emotional needs, as well as adolescents and young adults. Among specific applications of the internet, a major risk is found for the use of communicative and synchronic applications, such as chats and online role games, since they permit hyperpersonal communication, playing with different identities, and projections and dissociation without consequences in real life. Furthermore, the internet can play an important role in the development and maintenance of other addictions, such as pathological gambling and sex addiction. In contrast to the case of the internet, maladaptive use of mobile phones may be considered abuse, but not addiction, since their use does not lead to the rapid emotional changes or the playing with identities that can take place in chats and online role games.
Research Leading to High Throughput Processing of Thin-Film CdTe PV Module: Phase I Annual Report, October 2003 (Revised)
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Powell, R. C.; Meyers, P. V.
Work under this subcontract contributes to the overall manufacturing operation. During Phase I, average module efficiency on the line was improved from 7.1% to 7.9%, due primarily to increased photocurrent resulting from a decrease in CdS thickness. At the same time, production volume for commercial sale increased from 1.5 to 2.5 MW/yr. First Solar is committed to commercializing CdTe-based thin-film photovoltaics. This commercialization effort includes a major addition of floor space and equipment, as well as process improvements to achieve higher efficiency and greater durability. This report presents the results of Phase I of the subcontract entitled''Research Leading to High Throughput Processing of Thin-Film CdTe PV Modules.'' The subcontract supports several important aspects needed to begin high-volume manufacturing, including further development of the semiconductor deposition reactor, advancement of accelerated life testing methods and understanding, and improvements to th e environmental, health, and safety programs. Progress in the development of the semiconductor deposition reactor was made in several areas. First, a new style of vapor transport deposition distributor with simpler operational behavior and the potential for improved cross-web uniformity was demonstrated. Second, an improved CdS feed system that will improve down-web uniformity was developed. Third, the core of a numerical model of fluid and heat flow within the distributor was developed, including flow in a 3-component gas system at high temperature and low pressure and particle sublimation.
Secure Dynamic access control scheme of PHR in cloud computing.
Chen, Tzer-Shyong; Liu, Chia-Hui; Chen, Tzer-Long; Chen, Chin-Sheng; Bau, Jian-Guo; Lin, Tzu-Ching
With the development of information technology and medical technology, medical information has been developed from traditional paper records into electronic medical records, which have now been widely applied. The new-style medical information exchange system "personal health records (PHR)" is gradually developed. PHR is a kind of health records maintained and recorded by individuals. An ideal personal health record could integrate personal medical information from different sources and provide complete and correct personal health and medical summary through the Internet or portable media under the requirements of security and privacy. A lot of personal health records are being utilized. The patient-centered PHR information exchange system allows the public autonomously maintain and manage personal health records. Such management is convenient for storing, accessing, and sharing personal medical records. With the emergence of Cloud computing, PHR service has been transferred to storing data into Cloud servers that the resources could be flexibly utilized and the operation cost can be reduced. Nevertheless, patients would face privacy problem when storing PHR data into Cloud. Besides, it requires a secure protection scheme to encrypt the medical records of each patient for storing PHR into Cloud server. In the encryption process, it would be a challenge to achieve accurately accessing to medical records and corresponding to flexibility and efficiency. A new PHR access control scheme under Cloud computing environments is proposed in this study. With Lagrange interpolation polynomial to establish a secure and effective PHR information access scheme, it allows to accurately access to PHR with security and is suitable for enormous multi-users. Moreover, this scheme also dynamically supports multi-users in Cloud computing environments with personal privacy and offers legal authorities to access to PHR. From security and effectiveness analyses, the proposed PHR access
The Will to Sophia and ecclesiasticism in the work of Father P. Florensky
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Natalia Vaganova
Full Text Available The Sophiology features the mystical and poetic intuition of the so-called "femme éternelle" as one of the basic concepts of its doctrine. However, the analysis of concrete sophiological concepts shows that this trend in thought was characterized by a fairly strong internal competition of projects. Trying to build up such sophiology as would, in the eyes of its creators, correspond to the Orthodox ecclesiastical tradition, individual authors attempted to purify their constructions from certain aspects of Solovyov's sophiological ideas. But an unbiased examination of certain sophiological doctrines shows that the struggle for a truly "ecclesiastical" Sophia in reality led to a re-thinking of the very notions of ecclesiasticism and tradition - on the basis of theoretical refl ection over the data provided by immediate religious experience which was perceived by its subjects as a personal revelation. The Sophiology of Father P. Florensky constitutes one of such attempts. In his book "The Pillar and Ground of the Truth" Sophia represents a carefully thought-over philosophical and theological concept representing an onto-symbolic representation of the Truth, which is not so much conceived rationally as by way of religious praxis. Central for such conceiving is the notion of "ecclesiasticism". The experience of building-up a religious and philosophical synthesis found in the book of Florensky in reality presupposed (in view of the alleged traditional character of his constructions and his appeals to the archaically stylized medieval imagery and symbols the emergence of a substantially new style of religiousness which found wide recognition in the quickly modernizing Russian society of the beginning of the 20th century.
Restricting Factors at Modification of Parameters of Associative Engineering Objects
Horváth, László
Advancements in product development have reached full integration of engineering activities and processes in product lifecycle management (PLM) systems. PLM systems are based on high-level modeling, simulation and data management. Despite significant development of modeling in PLM systems, a strong demand was recognized for improved decision assistance in product development. Decision assistance can be improved by application of methods from the area of computer intelligence. In order for a product development company to stay competitive, it is important for its modeling system to be relied on local even personal knowledge. The authors analyzed current PLM systems for shortcomings and possibilities for extended intelligence at decision-making during product development. They propose methods in order to increase suitability of current modeling systems to accommodate knowledge based IT at definition of sets of parameters of modeled objects and in the management of frequent changes of modeled objects. In the center of the proposed methodology, constrained parameters act as restricting factors at definition and modification of parameters of associative engineering objects. Paper starts with an outlook to modeling in current engineering systems and preliminary results by the authors. Following this, groups of essential information as handled by he proposed modeling are summarized and procedures for processing of that groups of information are detailed. Next, management of chains of changes along chains of associa-tive product objects and a new style of decision assistance in modeling systems are explained. Changes are created or verified by behavior analysis. Finally, behavior analysis, human intent combination, product data view creation, and change management are discussed as the proposed integrated and coordinated methodology for enhanced support of decision-making in product development.
Perceptions of social and environmental changes in a Mediterranean forest during the last 100 years: the Gavarres Massif.
Rodríguez-Carreras, Roser; Ubeda, Xavier; Outeiro, Luís; Asperó, Francesc
During the last century the landscape of the mid-Mediterranean mountains has undergone major transformations. The precipitous decline in the economic viability of forest products has engendered ever-thickening forests and agricultural lands have reverted to forest land cover. The related exodus of existing inhabitants since 1960 has led to new styles of occupancy: residential and touristic land uses have emerged while the primary and secondary sectors have largely disappeared. The object of the present study is to review how these transformations have developed in a specific area of north-eastern of Catalonia, known as the Gavarres Massif. The study applies a qualitative approach, based on interviews with stakeholders including active members of the local community and others who utilize or visit the area, all of whom are representatives of different social groups with a wide range of interests and points of view with regard to the massif. The information collected from the perspectives and opinions of the participants is coupled with objective data about the area. The result of this investigation is a rich variety of perceptions on landscape and social transformation and its current functional dynamics. Analyzing the information obtained allows us to understand the fact that the disappearance of the rural world is directly related to the collapse of an entire economic system that relied on the environment. In this study, two divergent points of view arise, one which supports recovering past landscapes and another which favours managing changes, conserving the existing landscape. Proposals for the current and future territorial management of Les Gavarres are presented. The diversity of opinions which emerges with regard to managing necessary changes in the massif emphasizes the importance of increased social dialogue. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Safety culture aspects of managing for safety. Experience of a large nuclear reprocessing site
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Rycraft, H.S.
The Nuclear Industry is going through turbulent times both in terms of public acceptance and business issues. Safety is one area which impacts on whether the business is allowed to continue, and how an organisation organizes itself. The need to cut costs to make nuclear power a viable energy resource, has forced the nuclear utilities to review manning policies, and management style, and in particular how to maintain safety standards during a period of change, and ultimately support continuing improvement of standards. The shrinking workforce requires a new style of management, one that depends more on the people of the organisation taking responsibility for safety at all levels of the organisation. Not only personal safety but the safety of their colleagues, general public and the environment. The safety culture of an organisation is indivisible from the company culture, each aspect of a culture influences the whole and so the balance between business, safety and quality, has to be managed. BNFL provides a full fuel cycle service to nuclear power plants, and associated services to many national and international organisations. The following notes are taken from the work carried out in the company, and mostly at the Nuclear Reprocessing and Waste storage Site at Sellafield, based in the North West of England. Following the recent re-organisation, the site now employs 6200 people and has a further 1500 contractors working on construction activities on the site. Activities on the site range from remote handling to hands on tasks, involving highly active materials to low level waste. (author)
Analysis of the development of missile-borne IR imaging detecting technologies
Fan, Jinxiang; Wang, Feng
Today's infrared imaging guiding missiles are facing many challenges. With the development of targets' stealth, new-style IR countermeasures and penetrating technologies as well as the complexity of the operational environments, infrared imaging guiding missiles must meet the higher requirements of efficient target detection, capability of anti-interference and anti-jamming and the operational adaptability in complex, dynamic operating environments. Missileborne infrared imaging detecting systems are constrained by practical considerations like cost, size, weight and power (SWaP), and lifecycle requirements. Future-generation infrared imaging guiding missiles need to be resilient to changing operating environments and capable of doing more with fewer resources. Advanced IR imaging detecting and information exploring technologies are the key technologies that affect the future direction of IR imaging guidance missiles. Infrared imaging detecting and information exploring technologies research will support the development of more robust and efficient missile-borne infrared imaging detecting systems. Novelty IR imaging technologies, such as Infrared adaptive spectral imaging, are the key to effectively detect, recognize and track target under the complicated operating and countermeasures environments. Innovative information exploring techniques for the information of target, background and countermeasures provided by the detection system is the base for missile to recognize target and counter interference, jamming and countermeasure. Modular hardware and software development is the enabler for implementing multi-purpose, multi-function solutions. Uncooled IRFPA detectors and High-operating temperature IRFPA detectors as well as commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technology will support the implementing of low-cost infrared imaging guiding missiles. In this paper, the current status and features of missile-borne IR imaging detecting technologies are summarized. The key
Contested environmental policy infrastructure: Socio-political acceptance of renewable energy, water, and waste facilities
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Wolsink, Maarten
The construction of new infrastructure is hotly contested. This paper presents a comparative study on three environmental policy domains in the Netherlands that all deal with legitimising building and locating infrastructure facilities. Such infrastructure is usually declared essential to environmental policy and claimed to serve sustainability goals. They are considered to serve (proclaimed) public interests, while the adverse impact or risk that mainly concerns environmental values as well is concentrated at a smaller scale, for example in local communities. The social acceptance of environmental policy infrastructure is institutionally determined. The institutional capacity for learning in infrastructure decision-making processes in the following three domains is compared: 1.The implementation of wind power as a renewable energy innovation; 2.The policy on space-water adaptation, with its claim to implement a new style of management replacing the current practice of focusing on control and 'hard' infrastructure; 3.Waste policy with a focus on sound waste management and disposal, claiming a preference for waste minimization (the 'waste management hierarchy'). All three cases show a large variety of social acceptance issues, where the appraisal of the impact of siting the facilities is confronted with the desirability of the policies. In dealing with environmental conflict, the environmental capacity of the Netherlands appears to be low. The policies are frequently hotly contested within the process of infrastructure decision-making. Decision-making on infrastructure is often framed as if consensus about the objectives of environmental policies exists. These claims are not justified, and therefore stimulating the emergence of environmental conflicts that discourage social acceptance of the policies. Authorities are frequently involved in planning infrastructure that conflicts with their officially proclaimed policy objectives. In these circumstances, they are
Electronic learning in advanced resuscitation training: The perspective of the candidate.
Lockey, Andrew S; Dyal, Laura; Kimani, Peter K; Lam, Jenny; Bullock, Ian; Buck, Dominic; Davies, Robin P; Perkins, Gavin D
Studies have shown that blended approaches combining e-learning with face-to-face training reduces costs whilst maintaining similar learning outcomes. The preferences in learning approach for healthcare providers to this new style of learning have not been comprehensively studied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the acceptability of blended learning to advanced resuscitation training. Participants taking part in the traditional and blended electronic advanced life support (e-ALS) courses were invited to complete a written evaluation of the course. Participants' views were captured on a 6-point Likert scale and in free text written comments covering the content, delivery and organisation of the course. Proportional-odds cumulative logit models were used to compare quantitative responses. Thematic analysis was used to synthesise qualitative feedback. 2848 participants from 31 course centres took part in the study (2008-2010). Candidates consistently scored content delivered face-to-face over the same content delivered over the e-learning platform. Candidates valued practical hands on training which included simulation highly. Within the e-ALS group, a common theme was a feeling of "time pressure" and they "preferred the face-to-face teaching". However, others felt that e-ALS "suited their learning style", was "good for those recertifying", and allowed candidates to "use the learning materials at their own pace". The e-ALS course was well received by most, but not all participants. The majority felt the e-learning module was beneficial. There was universal agreement that the face-to-face training was invaluable. Individual learning styles of the candidates affected their reaction to the course materials. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Architecture of Gothic Period and Its Effect to Clothing Design
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Şerife YILDIZ
Full Text Available Root of the word Gothic comes from a German tribe which lives in region of the Gotland of Scandinavia. Gothic period is a movement which ends the Midde Age and opens Renaissance. Alth ough seen in all branches of the art, Gothic is widely a style of architecture. Having been originated from the Roman architecture, Gothic Architecture come out in the second half of the 12th century and continued its existence until the half of the 16th c entury when classical architecture come out. In Europe, Gothic painting, sculpture and architecture were dominant and preserved its popularity until the Renaissance. Fashion means all the temporary new styles which come out in a certain period of time with the desires of dressing up, being different, wearing the most desirable. Although seen as two different design field, when we examine closely, we can see that fashion and architecture has many common point from the past to present. As man is the common po int of this two field, they naturally affect each other. Gothic architecture inspired clothing designs, which is enough to show how much they affected each other. In this study, our purpose is to reveal effects of the Gothic architecture on the clothing d esigns. The style used in the Gothic period architecture and models and styles in clothing designs was presented with the help of table of specification. According to this, both fields' sharing common aesthetic concern and same theoritic and ideologic bas e was accompanied by stylistic and structural similarities accordingly. Designers in this two different fields turned even to themselves for inspiration and technical strategy. Environmental and cultural factors affect both fashion designers and architects . When seen as a part of historical process, clothes and buildings with their important cultural and economic conditions are priceless anthropological buildings which show technological developments within the period.
History and Progress of Japanese Acupuncture
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Akiko Kobayashi
Full Text Available After Chiso brought acupuncture to Japan from Wu (China in the sixth century, it has progressed in unique ways within the various historical milieus of the past 1500 years. Ishitsu-rei, the first medical law of Japan established in 701, explains the medical system of acupuncture in detail showing that acupuncture was being administered under the authorization of the national government. For the next 1200 years, acupuncture continued to be an important facet of public health in Japan. From the Azuchimomoyama through the Edo period, the knowledge exchange with China became active and people who studied in China developed new styles and techniques of acupuncture treatment and organized their own private schools or ryu-ha in Japan. In 1635, when the Edo government decided to close the country, Japan cut-off exchange with foreign countries for over 200 years. The national isolation caused some development that was unique to Japan. During that time, acupuncture filtered into people's everyday lives. Moxibustion, in particular, became popular as a treatment that ordinary people could practice by themselves. Also in this period of isolation, Western medicine was imported from Holland, the only country allowed to maintain trade with Japan. This novel modern medicine had a strong impact on Japanese medicine, which has its foundation of Chinese traditional medicine. At the same time, Japanese acupuncture was introduced into Europe via Holland. When Japan opened its borders in 1865 period, the new government was eager to accept Western culture to the extent of prohibiting the progress of Japanese acupuncture for a period of time. Even so, Japanese acupuncture has survived and flourished up to the present day due to the strong demand and the great efforts of the practitioners. Scientific studies are now in the process of establishing a firm evidence base for over a millennium of clinical use, respecting the classic ideas of the traditional treatment.
Effect of some geometric parameters on performance of PF{sup 2} heat exchangers in periodic frosting
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zhang, Ping [Zhejiang Vocational College of Commerce, Hangzhou, Binwen Road 470 (China); Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801 (United States); Hrnjak, P.S. [Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801 (United States)
The thermal performance under conditions of initial frost growth and subsequent refrosting after a defrost is experimentally studied for the parallel flow parallel fin (PF{sup 2}) heat exchanger, a new style of heat exchanger that uses louvered bent fins on flat tubes to enhance water drainage when the flat tubes are horizontal (typically outdoor heat exchanger in heat pump operation). This paper focuses on quantification of the effects of geometry (i.e. fin pitch 12-22 fpi and louver pitch 1.4-2.8 mm) on defrost and refrost times. Eight heat exchangers differing in louver pitch and fin spacing are studied. A series of tests are conducted in search for the best geometry. The effects of geometry on heat transfer (thermal performance) and pressure drop for air face velocities of 0.9, 2, and 3 m/s are determined and used for comparison. Characteristics of initial heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop during the first frosting cycle are reported in terms of Colburn j{sub 0} factor and Fanning friction f{sub 0} factor, as a function of Re{sub L{sub p}} and geometry. The newly developed air-side correlations for PF{sup 2} heat exchangers (Colburn j{sub 0} factor and Fanning friction f{sub 0} factor) predict the test data within rms error of {+-}10%, and with mean deviation of 2.95% and 4.98%, respectively. The correlations are base on a very low Reynolds numbers in the range of 100-620, and 8 PF{sup 2} heat exchangers using 48 experimental data. (author)
History and progress of Japanese acupuncture.
Kobayashi, Akiko; Uefuji, Miwa; Yasumo, Washiro
After Chiso brought acupuncture to Japan from Wu (China) in the sixth century, it has progressed in unique ways within the various historical milieus of the past 1500 years. Ishitsu-rei, the first medical law of Japan established in 701, explains the medical system of acupuncture in detail showing that acupuncture was being administered under the authorization of the national government. For the next 1200 years, acupuncture continued to be an important facet of public health in Japan. From the Azuchimomoyama through the Edo period, the knowledge exchange with China became active and people who studied in China developed new styles and techniques of acupuncture treatment and organized their own private schools or ryu-ha in Japan. In 1635, when the Edo government decided to close the country, Japan cut-off exchange with foreign countries for over 200 years. The national isolation caused some development that was unique to Japan. During that time, acupuncture filtered into people's everyday lives. Moxibustion, in particular, became popular as a treatment that ordinary people could practice by themselves. Also in this period of isolation, Western medicine was imported from Holland, the only country allowed to maintain trade with Japan. This novel modern medicine had a strong impact on Japanese medicine, which has its foundation of Chinese traditional medicine. At the same time, Japanese acupuncture was introduced into Europe via Holland. When Japan opened its borders in 1865 period, the new government was eager to accept Western culture to the extent of prohibiting the progress of Japanese acupuncture for a period of time. Even so, Japanese acupuncture has survived and flourished up to the present day due to the strong demand and the great efforts of the practitioners. Scientific studies are now in the process of establishing a firm evidence base for over a millennium of clinical use, respecting the classic ideas of the traditional treatment.
Potentials and obstacles in the construction of sustainable lands in the state of Santa Catarina.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Paulo Freire Vieira
Full Text Available Marked by the creative and endogenous value that is placed on local resources, the development trajectory in the state of Santa Catarina has combined the wealth that is part of the cultural heritage of European development, the advantages of small-scale agricultural property and the search for flexibility in the face of the pressures and the opportunities exercised by the dynamics of the Brazilian economy as a whole. A number of elements - small-scale production in all its forms, the low intensity of government intervention, collective entrepreneurship and the value that is placed on labor productivity - have all had an important role relative to other Brazilian states, with collective action aimed at local development. Nonetheless, as early as the 1980s this trajectory began to show signs of exhaustion, thus necessitating careful current analysis of i the limits of the model which has come to be known as the Santa Catarina state model of development and ii the terrain formaneuvering that has been created, within the current scenario of economic and cultural globalization, for the definition of alternative public policies inspired in principals of sustainable rural development. This article is an attempt to meet this demand, presenting a synthesis of the partial results reached through a joint French-Brazilian research project financed by the CAPES-CONFECUB Agreement. The text provides an exploratory contribution for our understanding of the challenges that surround the definition of a new style of development for the state. Furthermore, it identifies a range of emerging initiatives that can serve as a point of reference for plans for rural sustainable development for the next few years. Keywords: Sustainable land development, public policies, Santa Catarina, sustainable rural lands.
Against Euromissiles: Anti-nuclear Movements in 1980s Italy (1979-1984)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Moro, Renato
Between 1981 and 1983, the mobilization against Euromissiles introduced an extraordinary novelty in Italian social and political history. The Italian anti-nuclear movement took off later than in other European countries and its main feature was a politicization unknown elsewhere. The movement developed on the basis of a double and contrary youth mobilization: the first coming from the Communists and the second from the New Left. The movement was not only manifold, but also radically divided about its goals (balanced disarmament vs. unilateralism, atomic weapons vs. nuclear energy, nuclear issue vs. military budget) and methods of protests (pleas vs. conscientious objections, mass demonstrations vs. civil disobedience, referendums vs. tax objections). Continuous disagreements conditioned and weakened the anti-nuclear movement, even when the axis of the protest was transferred to Comiso, to which and from which the PCI (Italian Communist Party) and the Radical Party promoted different and contrary marches. Even when, in 1983, a unanimous framework was approved, a common mobilization remained difficult, both in Comiso and in Rome. The movement was only a vast, heterogeneous and divergent coalition, but it expressed a common political base and culture. Neither Communist nor pacifist, but influenced by the New Left protest against traditional political parties, the new culture was rooted in environmentalism, pessimism, nuclear catastrophism, anti-Americanism, new socialism, disarmed unilateralism, and an opposition to everything that resembled traditional politics. The movement worried the Italian government, but it never represented a real political danger and never even succeeded in bringing the nuclear issue to the foreground. Nonetheless, it deeply changed the Italian political culture: it brought new styles and sensibilities, unknown to the traditional left. For the first time, criticisms of ideologies and parties, direct action, civil disobedience and
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Full Text Available The revolution that took place in Russia on 25 October (or, according to the new style, on 7 November 1917 is believed to have been the most important political event of the 20th century and to have had a great influence on all aspects of life both within the country and worldwide. This article discusses the extent to which the Russian socialist revolution affected the relatively narrow, although extremely important, area of the mechanism for the legal regulation of labor. For this purpose, the authors compared the concept of socialism and the practice of its implementation in Russia with the practice of the legal regulation of labor in the countries that did not experience a socialist revolution and therefore were considered by socialists as "bourgeois" countries. At the same time, the authors challenged the view of the majority of Russian researchers of the Soviet period, including the researchers of the history of the legal regulation of labor, that Soviet economic history was a process of linear progressive development (when applied to the sphere of labor. The article shows and analyzes the dissimilarity in the qualitative characteristics of the history of the economy and the history of the legal regulation of labor in Soviet Russia. On this basis, the conclusions are drawn as to the influence of the Soviet experience on other countries in the sphere of the legal regulation of social labor and the relevance of this experience for the current times.
Cross-hole fracture connectivity assessed using hydraulic responses during liner installations in crystalline bedrock boreholes
Persaud, Elisha; Levison, Jana; Pehme, Peeter; Novakowski, Kentner; Parker, Beth
In order to continually improve the current understanding of flow and transport in crystalline bedrock environments, developing and improving fracture system characterization techniques is an important area of study. The presented research examines the installation of flexible, impermeable FLUTe™ liners as a means for assessing cross-hole fracture connectivity. FLUTe™ liners are used to generate a new style of hydraulic pulse, with pressure response monitored in a nearby network of open boreholes drilled in gneissic rock of the Canadian Shield in eastern Ontario, Canada. Borehole liners were installed in six existing 10-15 cm diameter boreholes located 10-35 m apart and drilled to depths ranging between 25-45 m. Liner installation tests were completed consecutively with the number of observation wells available for each test ranging between one and six. The collected pressure response data have been analyzed to identify significant groundwater flow paths between source and observation boreholes as well as to estimate inter-well transmissivity and storativity using a conventional type-curve analysis. While the applied solution relies on a number of general assumptions, it has been found that reasonable comparison can be made to previously completed pulse interference and pumping tests. Results of this research indicate areas where method refinement is necessary, but, nonetheless, highlight the potential for use in crystalline bedrock environments. This method may provide value to future site characterization efforts given that it is complementary to, and can be used in conjunction with, other currently employed borehole liner applications, such as the removal of cross-connection at contaminated sites and the assessment of discrete fracture distributions when boreholes are sealed, recreating natural hydraulic gradient conditions.
Lifelong learning and the need of designing and implementing an educational subsystem in Macedonian companies
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Dr.Sc. Elizabeta Mitreva
Full Text Available The education of the employees in each instance of company comes wiith the purpose to gain competences and experience in order to realize every business process in accordance with the requests of the products/ services, legal obligation and competitiveness criteria, as well as with the appointing of the employees requests, and all that with the intention to achieve quality where it is necessary to involve everyone in their own field. In this paper the following inputs are being given in order to get a clear picture if Macedonian companies are keen on to learning and stimulating the individual and collective learning as to improve the results in general. According to the given results in the research, it is stated that Macedonian companies do not care about the quality, insufficiently pay attention to the continuous education, make small investments in the innovations and over all, the quality system is built in a very small number of companies. In this paper the following model for a successful designing and implementing of the educational system as a subsystem of the house of quality is suggested. This methodology is integral and universal meaning it is applicable to all companies and institutions. Without a given training about TQM (Total Quality Management philosophy and a continued education provided firstly to the managers and further on to all the employees, the TQM strategy could not be implemented as well as the benefits that come with the quality system. All the above is imposing a stronger systematic effort where the bases lay in: strong leadership (new style of the top management, realistically grounded market vision, politics and strategy and systematic orientation and business moral that will gain back the confidence between the management and the employees, staff participation (efficiency and cooperativeness in the teamwork that will not stifle the creativity and the individualism.
Aligning physical learning spaces with the curriculum: AMEE Guide No. 107.
Nordquist, Jonas; Sundberg, Kristina; Laing, Andrew
This Guide explores emerging issues on the alignment of learning spaces with the changing curriculum in medical education. As technology and new teaching methods have altered the nature of learning in medical education, it is necessary to re-think how physical learning spaces are aligned with the curriculum. The better alignment of learning spaces with the curriculum depends on more directly engaged leadership from faculty and the community of medical education for briefing the requirements for the design of all kinds of learning spaces. However, there is a lack of precedent and well-established processes as to how new kinds of learning spaces should be programmed. Such programmes are essential aspects of optimizing the intended experience of the curriculum. Faculty and the learning community need better tools and instruments to support their leadership role in briefing and programming. A Guide to critical concepts for exploring the alignment of curriculum and learning spaces is provided. The idea of a networked learning landscape is introduced as a way of assessing and evaluating the alignment of physical spaces to the emerging curriculum. The concept is used to explore how technology has widened the range of spaces and places in which learning happens as well as enabling new styles of learning. The networked learning landscaped is explored through four different scales within which learning is accommodated: the classroom, the building, the campus, and the city. High-level guidance on the process of briefing for the networked learning landscape is provided, to take into account the wider scale of learning spaces and the impact of technology. Key to a successful measurement process is argued to be the involvement of relevant academic stakeholders who can identify the strategic direction and purpose for the design of the learning environments in relation to the emerging demands of the curriculum.
Aesthetics of the Classical Period of the Islamic Mughal Empire in India through a Portrait of Abū al-Fath Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar
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Nina PETEK
Full Text Available The reign of Abū al-Fath Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar (1556–1605 was a fruitful period of the political, cultural and spiritual synthesis of Persian, Indian, and European tradition, as well as an artistic and aesthetic renaissance. This cosmopolitan, universal and charismatic ruler strived for the external, political, material and spiritual well-being of his colourful empire. In search of a balance between the external and internal, and in his endeavours for the unification and uniformity of India he gradually created a completely new style of Mughal arts, which is a stunning reflection of his personality's transformations, principles, insights, interests, and spiritual growth. The paper focuses on a psychological portrait of the ruler, who dictated aesthetics and the style of the classical period of Mughal arts which consists of the three basic developmental phases of Akbar's enigmatic character. The thesis on the parallel development of Akbar's personality and Mughal arts is supported by research on the influence of certain European and Persian aesthetic elements, and mainly on the influence of Indian philosophical-religious tradition (the doctrines on rasa, bhakti, yoga, and tantra. The early period of Mughal arts, with predominantly realistic elements, coincides with the ruler's dynamic, youthful enthusiasm and immense curiosity to acquaint himself the most varied aspects of external events and appearances. The second, the mature period, which enriches this earlier realism by means of mystical elements and the symbolism of Indian pre-Mughal painting, is marked by the shift into the interior and by searching for the harmony between the material and spiritual. In the late period of Mughal painting, however, reflexive and lyrical works prevail, which are a reflection of completion of Akbar's spiritual quests, and the unique project of multifaceted synthesis that he undertook and promoted.
Extension of nano-scaled exploration into solution/liquid systems using tip-enhanced Raman scattering
Pienpinijtham, Prompong; Vantasin, Sanpon; Kitahama, Yasutaka; Ekgasit, Sanong; Ozaki, Yukihiro
This review shows updated experimental cases of tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) operated in solution/liquid systems. TERS in solution/liquid is still infancy, but very essential and challenging because crucial and complicated biological processes such as photosynthesis, biological electron transfer, and cellular respiration take place and undergo in water, electrolytes, or buffers. The measurements of dry samples do not reflect real activities in those kinds of systems. To deeply understand them, TERS in solution/liquid is needed to be developed. The first TERS experiment in solution/liquid is successfully performed in 2009. After that time, TERS in solution/liquid has gradually been developed. It shows a potential to study structural changes of biomembranes, opening the world of dynamic living cells. TERS is combined with electrochemical techniques, establishing electrochemical TERS (EC-TERS) in 2015. EC-TERS creates an interesting path to fulfil the knowledge about electrochemical-related reactions or processes. TERS tip can be functionalized with sensitive molecules to act as a "surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) at tip" for investigating distinct properties of systems in solution/liquid e.g., pH and electron transfer mechanism. TERS setup is continuously under developing. Versatile geometry of the setup and a guideline of a systematic implementation for a setup of TERS in solution/liquid are proposed. New style of setup is also reported for TERS imaging in solution/liquid. From all of these, TERS in solution/liquid will expand a nano-scaled exploration into solution/liquid systems of various fields e.g., energy storages, catalysts, electronic devices, medicines, alternative energy sources, and build a next step of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Field investigation on consumer behavior and hydraulic performance of a district heating system in Tianjin, China
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Xu, Baoping; Fu, Lin; Di, Hongfa [Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 (China)
With the implementation of heat reforms in China, the application of thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs) has been gaining popularity in the new-style district heating systems (DHSs). The objective of this study was to investigate consumer behavior (including regulation of TRVs and opening of windows) and its influences on the hydraulic performance and energy consumption of individuals and the whole system. The concurrence rate of individual behaviors and hydraulic interactions between individuals were analyzed. This study should be helpful to gain a comprehensive understanding of the new DHSs in China and consider a proper design/control strategy for these systems. Questionnaires and field observations of consumer behavior, tests of hydraulic performance, and surveys of energy consumption were carried out in a DHS in Tianjin, which was one of the heat metering and billing demonstration projects in China. The main results of the tests were as follows: water flow performance in apartment-level heating systems were diverse because consumers' behavior was varied and unpredictable, and the hydraulic interaction between consumers living along the line of a vertical pipe was obvious, and was stronger for terminal consumers with their TRVs set to higher values; however, flow variations in the whole DHS, which included 910 households, were relatively constant. A probability analysis was carried out to explain this phenomenon, and the conclusion was drawn that when there were more than 200 consumers, the stochastic consumer regulation behavior would bring less than 10% of total flow variations. Finally, the power consumption of the circulation pump, heat consumption and energy-saving potential of this type of DHS were discussed and some suggestions for TRV regulation and pump operation were made. (author)
It Takes A 'Village of Partnerships' To Raise A 'Big Data Facility' In A 'Big Data World'.
Evans, B. J. K.; Wyborn, L. A.
The National Computational Infrastructure (NCI) at the Australian National University (ANU) has collocated a priority set of national and international data assets that span a wide range of domains from climate, oceans, geophysics, environment, astronomy, bioinformatics and the social sciences. The data are located on a 10 PB High Performance Data (HPD) Node that is integrated with a High Performance Computing (HPC) facility to enable a new style of Data-intensive in-situ analysis. Investigators can either log in via direct access to the data collections: access is also provided via modern standards-based web services. The NCI integrated HPD/HPC facility is supported by a 'village' of partnerships. NCI itself operates as a formal partnership between the ANU and three major National Scientific Agencies: CSIRO, the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) and Geoscience Australia (GA). These same agencies are also the custodians of many of the national data collections hosted at NCI, and in partnership with other collaborating national and overseas organisations have agreed to work together to develop a shared data environment and use standards that enable interoperability between the collections, rather than isolating their collections as separate entities that each agency runs independently. To effectively analyse these complex and large volume data sets, NCI has entered into a series of national and national partnerships with international agencies to provide world-class digital analytical environments that allow computational to be conducted and shared. The ability for government and research to work in partnership at the NCI has been well established over the last decade, mainly with BoM, CSIRO, and GA. New emerging industry linkages are now being encouraged by revised government agendas and these promises to foster a new series of partnerships that will increase uptake of this major government funded infrastructure and promise to foster further collaboration and innovation.
The supervision of professional doctorates: experiences of the processes and ways forward.
Carr, Susan M; Lhussier, Monique; Chandler, Colin
The doctoral research terrain is changing, as new-styles, for example professional doctorates, are being developed (Park, C., 2005. New variant PhDL the changing nature of the doctorate in the UK. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 27(2), 189-207). There is a scarcity of literature aimed at supervisors (Gatfield, T., 2005, An investigation into PhD supervisory management styles: development of a dynamic conceptual model and its managerial implications. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 27(3), 311-325) and this is particularly so in relation to professional doctorates. In this position paper we argue that the supervisory approach required for a professional doctorate student is different than that required for a PhD. Professional doctorate students, like PhD students, are required to make an explicit contribution to knowledge. Their emphasis, however, needs to be in producing knowledge that is theoretically sound, original, and of relevance to their practice area. This is of increasing importance within healthcare with the growing emphasis on patient driven translational research. As such, the students and their supervisors face unique challenges of balancing academic requirements with praxis. We suggest this requires specific tools to make explicit the dialogical relationship between a particular project and the cultural, social, educational and political aspects of its environment. We expose the potential of soft systems methodology as a means to highlight the emergent aspects of a doctoral practice development project, their respective and evolving supervisory interactions. This focus of this paper is therefore not about guiding supervision in a managerial sense, but rather at offering methodological suggestions that could underpin applied research at doctoral level. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
[The relations between music and medicine in history and present].
Gasenzer, E R; Neugebauer, E A M
Since the ancient world relations exist between music and medicine. In the prehistoric music, dance, rhythm and religious practice were important parts of shamanism and early medical procedures. Important philosophers of the classic period already began with the scientific research of musical and medical questions. During the middle age convents conserved ancient knowledge. They offered medical care and taught the ancient knowledge of medicine, arts and music. The Gregorian choral was created. Traditions of popular believe expressed the relations between music and medicine. The Renaissance became the great époque of art, music and science. Leonardo da Vinci and Andreas Vesalius presented a new style of artistic working and scientific knowledge. Also the basics of western music, like tonality was developed. With the separation of scientific subjects in natural sciences and humanities, the relationships between music and medicine fall into oblivion. During the classic and romantic era music and art were important parts of cultural live of the well educated society. With the development of neurology, psychiatry and psychoanalysis more physicians and scientists were interested in musical questions. Questions about the role of music in human behavior and the ancient method to use music in medical treatment became popular. In the early 20th century the music therapy was developed. Today the effects of music to the human brain are investigated with radionuclear methods. A lot of investigations showed the effect of music and music performance to humans. Music plays an important part in psychotherapy, therapeutic pedagogy and medical care, the importance of music and music therapy increases. In the 80ies of the 20th century the performing arts medicine was developed, which asks for the medical problems of performing musicians. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.
Adapting to Rising Sea Level: A Florida Perspective
Parkinson, Randall W.
Global climate change and concomitant rising sea level will have a profound impact on Florida's coastal and marine systems. Sea-level rise will increase erosion of beaches, cause saltwater intrusion into water supplies, inundate coastal marshes and other important habitats, and make coastal property more vulnerable to erosion and flooding. Yet most coastal areas are currently managed under the premise that sea-level rise is not significant and the shorelines are static or can be fixed in place by engineering structures. The new reality of sea-level rise and extreme weather due to climate change requires a new style of planning and management to protect resources and reduce risk to humans. Scientists must: (1) assess existing coastal vulnerability to address short term management issues and (2) model future landscape change and develop sustainable plans to address long term planning and management issues. Furthermore, this information must be effectively transferred to planners, managers, and elected officials to ensure their decisions are based upon the best available information. While there is still some uncertainty regarding the details of rising sea level and climate change, development decisions are being made today which commit public and private investment in real estate and associated infrastructure. With a design life of 30 yrs to 75 yrs or more, many of these investments are on a collision course with rising sea level and the resulting impacts will be significant. In the near term, the utilization of engineering structures may be required, but these are not sustainable and must ultimately yield to "managed withdrawal" programs if higher sea-level elevations or rates of rise are forthcoming. As an initial step towards successful adaptation, coastal management and planning documents (i.e., comprehensive plans) must be revised to include reference to climate change and rising sea-level.
Artistic Skills Recovery and Compensation in Visual Artists after Stroke.
Petcu, Eugen Bogdan; Sherwood, Katherine; Popa-Wagner, Aurel; Buga, Ana Maria; Aceti, Lanfranco; Miroiu, Rodica Ileana
Art is a characteristic of mankind, which requires superior central nervous processing and integration of motor functions with visual information. At the present time, a significant amount of information related to neurobiological basis of artistic creation has been derived from neuro-radiological cognitive studies, which have revealed that subsequent to tissue destruction, the artists continue to create art. The current study aims to review the most important cases of visual artists with stroke and to discuss artistic skills recovery and compensation as well as artistic style after stroke. The role of various central nervous system regions in artistic creation was reviewed on the basis of previously published functional studies. Our PubMed search (1995-2015) has identified 10 famous artists with right cerebral stroke as well as 5 with left cerebral stroke who survived and continued to create art after stroke. As the artists included in this review lived at various times during the twentieth century and in different countries, clinical information related to their case was limited. However, it appears that artistic skills recovery and compensation appear within days after stroke. Some of the artists would subsequently change their artistic style. All these elements have been evaluated within the context of specific clinical cases. The poststroke artistic skills recovery and compensation with development of a new style or the opposite, regaining the previous prestroke style, represents a significant element of clinical importance in medical rehabilitation as well as neuroesthetics, which requires further evaluation. At the present time, the molecular mechanisms of artistic creation are poorly understood, and more standardized clinical and experimental studies are needed.
Investigation of the mechanism responsible for the photoluminescence enhancement with Li+ co-doping in highly thermally stable white-emitting Sr8ZnSc(PO4)7:Dy3+ phosphor
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Gou, Jing; Fan, Jingyan; Luo, Meng; Zuo, Shengnan
The strategy of co-doping Li + was used with the aim of enhancing the emission intensities of Sr 8 ZnSc(PO 4 ) 7 under near ultraviolet excitation. The luminescence enhancement was related to the deep defects V O ¨ which were produced by the introduction of Li + ion. Furthermore, much deep V O ¨ were produced with the incorporation amount of Li + ion increasing. As the sensitizer, the produced deep V O ¨ can effectively tunnelling transfer energy to the nearby activator Dy 3+ resulting in the photoluminescence enhancement in SZSPO:1.5%Dy 3+ ,5%Li + . In addition, its yellow/blue emitting ratio and photoluminescent quantum yields both were improved under longer wavelength excitation. Furthermore, the excellent thermal stability of optimal SZSPO:1.5%Dy 3+ ,5%Li + excelled over commercial phosphor DS-200 below 225 °C. The electroluminescence properties of fabricated ABPD-WLED reach the optimum with V=10 V and I=800 mA (λ ex =365 nm) or 700 mA (λ ex =388 nm), then the bright white luminescence can be obviously observed. These photoluminescence, electroluminescence and thermal properties testified the potential application of Sr 8 ZnSc(PO 4 ) 7 :1.5%Dy 3+ ,5%Li + as a new-style warm-white emitting LEDs phosphor. - Graphical abstract: The mechanism of the luminescence enhancement is consider as that a little amount introduction of Li + ion can produce defects Li Zn ′ and oxygen vacancies V O ¨, and with the incorporation amount of Li + increasing, the more deep V O ¨ are produced. As sensitizer, the productive deeper V O ¨ can effectively tunneling transfer energy to nearby activator Dy 3+ inducing its photoluminescence enhancement.
A designated centre for people with disabilities operated by Daughters of Charity Disability Support Services Ltd., Limerick
LENUS (Irish Health Repository)
Whitford, David L
BACKGROUND: There has been little development of the general practice consultation over the years, and many aspects of the present consultation do not serve communities with multiple health and social problems well. Many of the problems presenting to general practitioners in socio-economically disadvantaged areas are not amenable to a purely medical solution, and would particularly benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. Socio-economic deprivation is also associated with those very factors (more psychosocial problems, greater need for health promotion, more chronic diseases, more need for patient enablement) that longer consultations have been shown to address. This paper describes our study protocol, which aims to evaluate whether a lengthened multidisciplinary primary care team consultation with families in a socially deprived area can improve the psychological health of mothers in the families. METHODS\\/DESIGN: In a randomised controlled trial, families with a history of social problems, substance misuse or depression are randomly allocated to an intervention or control group. The study is based in three general practices in a highly deprived area of North Dublin. Primary health care teams will be trained in conducting a multidisciplinary lengthened consultation. Families in the intervention group will participate in the new style multidisciplinary consultation. Outcomes of families receiving the intervention will be compared to the control group who will receive only usual general practitioner care. The primary outcome is the psychological health of mothers of the families and secondary outcomes include general health status, quality of life measures and health service usage. DISCUSSION: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a lengthened multidisciplinary team consultation in primary care. The embedded nature of this study in general practices in a highly deprived area ensures generalisability to other deprived communities, but more
Integrating Agricultural and Ecological Goals into the Management of Species-Rich Grasslands: Learning from the Flowering Meadows Competition in France
Magda, Danièle; de Sainte Marie, Christine; Plantureux, Sylvain; Agreil, Cyril; Amiaud, Bernard; Mestelan, Philippe; Mihout, Sarah
Current agri-environmental schemes for reconciling agricultural production with biodiversity conservation are proving ineffective Europe-wide, increasing interest in results-based schemes (RBSs). We describe here the French "Flowering Meadows" competition, rewarding the "best agroecological balance" in semi-natural grasslands managed by livestock farmers. This competition, which was entered by about a thousand farmers in 50 regional nature parks between 2007 and 2014, explicitly promotes a new style of agri-environmental scheme focusing on an ability to reach the desired outcome rather than adherence to prescriptive management rules. Building on our experience in the design and monitoring of the competition, we argue that the cornerstone of successful RBSs is a collective learning process in which the reconciliation of agriculture and environment is reconsidered in terms of synergistic relationships between agricultural and ecological functioning. We present the interactive, iterative process by which we defined an original method for assessing species-rich grasslands in agroecological terms. This approach was based on the integration of new criteria, such as flexibility, feeding value, and consistency of use, into the assessment of forage production performance and the consideration of biodiversity conservation through its functional role within the grassland ecosystem, rather than simply noting the presence or abundance of species. We describe the adaptation of this methodology on the basis of competition feedback, to bring about a significant shift in the conventional working methods of agronomists and conservationists (including researchers).The potential and efficacy of RBSs for promoting ecologically sound livestock systems are discussed in the concluding remarks, and they relate to the ecological intensification debate.
The So-Called "Islamic Terrorism": A Tale of the Ambiguous Terminology
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Dwi Surya Atmaja
Full Text Available "What does the term "terrorism" mean." Why does the term "terrorism" often identified as Islam? "If terrorism is an ism that affects "terror" that it generates, while Islam which literally means "peace", then the two terms certainly mismatch! Such question and statement show Muslims' concern over frequent phenomena of "terrorism" using Islamic religious symbols. The research undertaken proved that there are three explanations. First, a close tripartite network connection between "terrorism experts" and the circles of power policy holders who are also supported by senior journalists in the international media influence. Second, a long tradition of Orientalist studies in the study of the Middle East region and the study of religion in the Arab culture. Figures such as Bernard Lewis, Noah Feldman, Raphael Patai and other Middle East experts often sit with other experts in the field of terrorism (the first factor and become main advisors and expert staff for the US government in the formulation of action to counter terror. It was the catalyst for the transmission of viewpoint which then decorated orientalist discourse of Islamic terrorism in the process of political policies. Third, a lot of Islamic terrorism discourse refers to the long tradition of cultural stereotypes and biased representations of the media that often portray Islam and Muslims as 'the enemy'. The reason is that it reflects the perspective of socio-Western culture that fears and worries the other oriental parties which has been stereotyped since the imperial era. Many also argue that the dichotomy of the orientalist views are deliberately preserved as a form of new style imperialism
A randomised controlled trial of a lengthened and multi-disciplinary consultation model in a socially deprived community: a study protocol.
LENUS (Irish Health Repository)
Whitford, David L
BACKGROUND: There has been little development of the general practice consultation over the years, and many aspects of the present consultation do not serve communities with multiple health and social problems well. Many of the problems presenting to general practitioners in socio-economically disadvantaged areas are not amenable to a purely medical solution, and would particularly benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. Socio-economic deprivation is also associated with those very factors (more psychosocial problems, greater need for health promotion, more chronic diseases, more need for patient enablement) that longer consultations have been shown to address. This paper describes our study protocol, which aims to evaluate whether a lengthened multidisciplinary primary care team consultation with families in a socially deprived area can improve the psychological health of mothers in the families. METHODS\\/DESIGN: In a randomised controlled trial, families with a history of social problems, substance misuse or depression are randomly allocated to an intervention or control group. The study is based in three general practices in a highly deprived area of North Dublin. Primary health care teams will be trained in conducting a multidisciplinary lengthened consultation. Families in the intervention group will participate in the new style multidisciplinary consultation. Outcomes of families receiving the intervention will be compared to the control group who will receive only usual general practitioner care. The primary outcome is the psychological health of mothers of the families and secondary outcomes include general health status, quality of life measures and health service usage. DISCUSSION: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a lengthened multidisciplinary team consultation in primary care. The embedded nature of this study in general practices in a highly deprived area ensures generalisability to other deprived communities, but more
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The Hanford site is subject to the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (HFFACO), an order on consent signed by the DOE, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, (EPA) and the Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE). Under the HFFCCO, negotiations for transition milestones begin within six months after the issuance of a shutdown order. In the case of the PFP, the Nuclear Materials disposition and stabilization activities, a DOE responsibility, were necessary as precursor activities to Transition. This situation precipitated a crisis in the negotiations between the agencies, and formal negotiations initiated in 1997 ended in failure. The negotiations reached impasse on several key regulatory and operational issues. The 1997 negotiation was characterized by a strongly positional style. DOE and the regulatory personnel took hard lines early in the negotiations and were unable to move to resolution of key issues after a year and a half. This resulted in unhappy stakeholders, poor publicity, and work delays as well as wounded relationships between DOE and the regulatory community. The PFP is a former plutonium metal production facility. The operating mission of the PFP ended with a DOE Headquarters shutdown letter in October of 1996. Generally, the receipt of a shutdown letter initiates the start of Transition (as the first step of Decommissioning) of a facility. In the 2000-2001 PFP negotiations, a completely different approach was suggested and eventually initiated: Collaborative or Relational Negotiations. The relational negotiation style resulted in agreement between the agencies on all key issues within 6 months of initiation. All parties were very pleased with the results and all parties were relieved that protracted negotiations sessions were not needed with the new style of working together collaboratively to serve each other's interests without compromising each party's needs. The characteristics of collaborative negotiations included building
Three Kings and the Bright Star of Fame
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Emalyn J. Bullis
Full Text Available Many phenomena in music history as well as in American history have helped develop and shape the types of music listened to today, but none have been so fresh as looking back to twentieth-century popular music and the several key individuals that "ruled" in this area. These "rulers" were hailed as "kings" firstly as a media ploy, but the American public did nothing but encourage the titles. This is somewhat confusing considering American's pride in their democratic political system but history shows that in several key American cultural changes the "Kings" crowned in the music sphere are representative of these changes. While not difficult to determine who these individuals are, as most of them were hailed and recognized as "Kings" to their respective audiences. Benny Goodman, the King of Swing, in the 1920's and 30's helped usher in and popularize the Swing movement. Elvis Presley, the King of Rock and Roll, capitalized (intentionally or not on the move towards combining African-American sounds such as blues and jazz with folk, gospel, and soul, thus creating a whole new and extremely popular sound. Michael Jackson, the King of Pop, was practically born into fame with his involvement with the 'Jackson 5,' but that did not stop him from rising up the ladder of fame in his solo career to change the face of pop music forever. There were also many artists that surrounded these "kings," a court, if you will, that allowed their new styles to proliferate throughout American culture, and sometimes even surpassed them musically. However, as icons, these men stand on their own for their achievements in music and their ability to change and adapt to the culture around them. By looking at the three Kings of American pop culture's past, it is possible to see the direction of America's culture in general from the 1920's on and perhaps see the trajectory of music of the USA today
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hebdon, J.; Yerxa, J.; Romine, L.; Hopkins, AM; Piippo, R.; Cusack, L.; Bond, R.; Wang, Oliver; Willis, D.
pleased with the results and all parties were relieved that protracted negotiations sessions were not needed with the new style of working together collaboratively to serve each other's interests. The characteristics of collaborative negotiations included building trust, emphasizing equality of team members, problem solving by the entire team, relying on individual communications and self-management skills. The team found that trust building sessions were key to successfully working through issues. Relationship differences were too often ignored in the past negotiations and were recognized and worked through in the collaborative process.
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Elio José Santini
Full Text Available The Center of Forestry Research- CEPEF- is linked to the Fundação de Apoio à Tecnologia e Ciência (FATEC, of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, and was created in 1986 with the mission of promoting the scientific investigation, contributing to the solution of the unique problems of the forestry enterprise. For the publication of the technical-scientific knowledge generated in the Institution, and by other researchers in forestry, the Revista Ciência Florestal was created, in 1991, as a result of the combined effort between the University and the private forest sector. The difficulties found in the early number were slowly overcome, with the effective participation of all segments, always looking of the improvement of the scientific and editorial quality, compartible with the qualitative growth goals of the journal. In this context, the incorporation of nationally renown researchers to the editorial board turned the scientific consulting more selective. The first important recognition of this journal happened with its indexing by the CAB International System, from England, in 1997. The repercussion of the inclusion on the indexing system was felt by the significant increase in the number of manuscripts received. To meet this new challenge, and the demand by the Braxilian scientific community, the Editorial Board decided to implement a second number of the journal, making it biannual this year. Thus, the edition of the ninth volume will comprise this first number, in the month of June, and a second one, planned forDecember 1999. Another change, to catch your eyes, is the cover of the Journal, bringing a new style. The design was developed by the Visual Programming Laboratory, of the Center for the Arts and Literature od the UFSM, substantially changing its layout, and giving it a more modern and actual appeal. The innovation will be complemented by a different picture in each volume. CEPEF hopes to modernize its Journal of scientific
الرموز التراثية بين هوية المرجع وحداثة التوظيف في الخزف العراقي المعاصر
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حسنين عبد الامير رشيد
Full Text Available The Cultural Heritage of the history of the peoples of the means of expression of human feelings, and adoption as a stylistic for the transfer of concepts and habits associated with man since ancient times, and the transfer of the identity of this legacy in the visual texts and manner of Modernism on Iraqi contemporary ceramics through the icons to read the optical modulation summoned researcher for the study through the chapters four , the first chapter included an explanation of the research problem and its importance and the need for him, as well as the aim of the research, which (known modernist composition of the forms of heritage in contemporary Iraqi porcelain as chapter included limits search temporal and spatial, objectivity and identifying the conventional and procedural definitions. as the second chapter has included theoretical framework, which included two sections: He worked first on the identity of the shapes heritage of ancient and Islamic art, eat second modernist composition of the forms of heritage in Iraqi art, has been allocated the third quarter to display the search procedures, since stopping the researcher before the research community and chose the sample deliberate manner dependent descriptive and analytical approach in the research sample analysis, The fourth chapter dealt with the search results, the most important: 1. inspired vocabulary Avatar dating back to the sculpture Sumerian and Assyrian, and to the Islamic civilization and themes inherited locally common in the popular Gaii narrative to be that character aesthetically pleasing to the functioning of the modernist inheritance heritage and put new style Walid combination of heritage as the identity of reference and construction Alhaddathwai to show pro forma. 2. formations modernist forms of heritage in the contemporary ceramic achievement relied on abstract expressionistic tendencies based on the reality of analytical synthesizer ensures horizon controversy
Comparative efficacy and safety of different circumcisions for patients with redundant prepuce or phimosis: A network meta-analysis.
Huang, Chuiguo; Song, Pan; Xu, Changbao; Wang, Ruofan; Wei, Lei; Zhao, Xinghua
Phimosis and redundant prepuce are defined as the inability of the foreskin to be retracted behind the glans penis in uncircumcised males. To synthesize the evidence and provide the hierarchies of different circumcisions for phimosis and redundant prepuce, we performed an overall network meta-analysis (NMA) based on their comparative efficacy and safety. Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Wan Fang, VIP, CNKI and CBM database were researched from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for redundant prepuce or phimosis. We conducted the direct and indirect comparisons by aggregate data drug information system (ADDIS) software. Moreover, consistency models were applied to assess the differences among the male circumcision practices, and the ranks based on probabilities of intervention for the different endpoints were performed. Node-splitting analysis was used to test inconsistency. Eighteen RCTs were included with 6179 participants. Compared with the conventional circumcision(CC), two new styles of circumcisions, the disposable circumcision suture device(DCSD) and Shang Ring circumcision(SRC), provided significantly shorter operation time[DCSD: standardized mean difference (SMD) = -20.60, 95% credible interval(CI) (-23.38, -17.82); SRC: SMD = -19.16, 95%CI (-21.86, -16.52)], shorter wound healing time [DCSD:SMD = -4.19, 95%CI (-8.24,-0.04); SRC: SMD = 4.55, 95%CI (1.62, 7.57); ] and better postoperative penile appearance [DCSD: odds ratios odds ratios (OR) = 11.42, 95%CI (3.60, 37.68); SRC: OR = 3.85,95%CI (1.29, 12.79)]. Additionally, DCSD showed a lower adverse events rate than other two treatments. However, no significant difference was shown in all surgeries for 24 h postoperative pain score. Node-splitting analysis showed that no significant inconsistency was existed (P > 0.05). Based on the results of NMA, DCSD may be a most effective and safest choice for phimosis and redundant prepuce. DCSD has the advantages of a shorter operation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hebdon, J.; Yerxa, J.; Romine, L.; Hopkins, AM; Piippo, R.; Cusack, L.; Bond, R.; Wang, Oliver; Willis, D.
pleased with the results and all parties were relieved that protracted negotiations sessions were not needed with the new style of working together collaboratively to serve each other's interests. The characteristics of collaborative negotiations included building trust, emphasizing equality of team members, problem solving by the entire team, relying on individual communications and self-management skills. The team found that trust building sessions were key to successfully working through issues. Relationship differences were too often ignored in the past negotiations and were recognized and worked through in the collaborative process
Clinical governance in practice: closing the loop with integrated audit systems.
Taylor, L; Jones, S
Clinical governance has been acknowledged as the driving force behind National Health Service (NHS) reform since the government white paper outlined a new style of NHS in the UK in 1997. The framework of clinical governance ensures that NHS organizations are accountable for continually improving the quality of their services and safeguarding high standards of care by creating an environment in which excellence in clinical care will develop. A major component of a clinical governance framework requires utilizing audit procedures, which assess the effectiveness of current systems and ultimately direct continual quality improvement. This paper describes the audit component of a local clinical governance framework designed for a unit based within an NHS trust, which has utilized a multidisciplinary approach to assess the effectiveness of a newly commissioned service and its impact on the residents and staff. The unit is a 12-bedded, low-secure-intensive rehabilitation unit for clients with severe and enduring mental illness. Using recognized and standardized psychometric outcome measures, information was collected on clinical symptoms, social functioning, social behaviour, quality of life, relationship quality with named nurses and medication side-effects. Additionally, confidential staff measures were included to assess levels of burnout, identify expressed emotion and assess staff perception of models of illness. The paper includes a comprehensive account of how managerial commitment, teaching processes and application of technology ensured prompt data collection and maintained the momentum through the audit timescale. Data analysis and presentation of data in both clinical reviews and in senior management meetings within the unit are discussed. Findings highlight the full integration of the audit system into the processes of the unit. Clinically, the paper highlights the enhancement of the knowledge base of the client group and the influence on clinical decision
RETHINKING DEMOCRACY (reflections on John Dunn's "Breaking democracy's spell"
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P. S. Kanevskiy
Full Text Available This article analyzes a book "Breaking democracy's spell", the last work by John Dunn, world famous political scientist from Cambridge. Current discourse on democracy and tendencies of its development is seen through the lens of this book and John Dunn's political thought. It is hard to question the fact that democracy is still one of the mightiest political symbols, although its core meaning still poses a lot of questions. Democracy is an unstable variable, which changes through time being influenced by multiple factors. This is why, before trying to understand where democracy's mimicries are leading us, Dunn proposes to look closer at how it became a category which is so essential for legitimizing contemporary regimes. Is our understanding of democracy the same as it was 100, 50 or even 20 years ago? What determines the dynamics of democracy as a symbol of public power? Does democracy help nations in their quest for well being and effective government? Dunn's work is not just an original analyses of democracy in political, sociological and historical perspectives, it is also a challenge to provoke a discussion on democracies failures both in developed and developing world. Dunn's work divided scientific community on those who saw warning signs to democracy and those who considered author to be unjustified pessimist. In reality, Dunn's work doesn't give simple explanations because in relatively small text he managed to put complex set of questions, which can't answered unequivocally. Author himself recognizes that he had to use absolutely new style to convey his thoughts. This article is an attempt to interpret Dunn's ideas and react to his call to start a discussion on contents and perceptions of democracy which he sent to a political science community. This discourse is particularly important today for Russia where democracy not only encounters institutional difficulties and misunderstood by majority of the citizens
Calidad y recursos humanos del sector hotelero en Cataluña
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Brunet, Ignasi
Full Text Available This paper analyzes the relationship between Quality Management and Human Resources, from the standpoint of a research undertaken in Catalonia. The research has consisted in confronting the new style of management that is derived from Total Quality Management. This model of management stresses the need for caring the most valuable resource of a company: Human Resources. The reason for that is the need for achieving a greater degree of integration and identification of the worker to the company, in the pursuing of increases of productivity, both individual and organisational, that increases competitiveness, as one of the aspects that characterises Total Quality Management is its preoccupation for the vinculation of the Human resources area to organisational results, in order to justify in which measure this is adding value.
En este artículo se analiza, a partir de una investigación realizada en Cataluña, la relación entre Gestión de la Calidad y Dirección de Recursos Humanos. Básicamente, se plantea contrastar el nuevo estilo de dirección que se deriva de la Gestión de la Calidad Total. Este modelo de gestión pone de relieve la necesidad de mimar el recurso más valioso de la empresa: los recursos humanos. La razón de ello está en la necesidad de lograr un mayor grado de integración e identificación del trabajador con la empresa, lo cual, en última instancia, persigue incrementos de productividad, tanto individual como de toda la organización, que lleven a la consecución de una mayor competitividad, ya que uno de los aspectos que caracteriza a la Gestión de la Calidad Total es su preocupación por la vinculación del área de recursos humanos con los resultados de la organización, para poder justificar en qué medida añade valor.
"Citation Style Language" Uygulaması: APA Kaynak Gösterme Biçiminin Türkçeye Adaptasyonu="Citation Style Language" Application: The Adaptation of APA Style to Turkish Language
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Kasım Binici
Full Text Available Bibliyografya yönetim programları, araştırma metinlerin yazımında yazarlara büyük avantajlar sağlamaktadır.Akademik çevrede EndNote, RefWorks, Zotero, Mendeley en popüler yazılımlardır. Türkçe kaynak gösterme kurallarının tanımlı olduğu biçim dosyalarının olmaması nedeniyle araştırma metni yazımında bu programlar işlevsiz kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, APA kaynak gösterme biçiminin Türkçeye adaptasyonu sağlanarak CSL uygulaması ile biçim dosyasında kodlar yazılmıştır. Yeni biçim dosyası Zotero ve Mendeley programlarında çalışabilirliği test edilerek kişilerin kullanımına sunulmuştur. Çalışma neticesinde oluşturulan APA-TR dosyası sayesinde Türkçe araştırma metinlerinin yazımında CSL uygulamasını tercih eden bibli- yografya yönetim yazılımların kullanımı mümkün olmuştur./Bibliography managment tools provide great advantage for researchers with writing their articles or research papers. In academic environment, EndNote, RefWorks, Zotero, Mendeley are the most popular software programms. Due to the lack of style files in which citation rules in Turkish language are described,these softwares stay functionless. In this study by providing turkish adaptation of APA citation style, new codes were written into the style file via CSL application. New style file is presented to users after testing its workability in Zotero and Mendeley programms. Thanks to APA-TR style file created as a result of the study,it is possibble to use bibliography managment tools which prefer CSL application in writing research papers Turkish language.
Supporting Families through Early Intervention
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Roy McConkey
Full Text Available Internationally early intervention programmes for infants and preschoolers with disabilities have proved to be remarkably successful. In many countries, they began with teachers for visually impaired or hearing impaired children visiting the family home to teach parents how they could overcome the child's impairments. The logic of early intervention was inequitable. For example, the sooner children with visual impairments learnt to be independently mobile, then the greater their potential to learn and to kad an ordinary life. In time, this philosophy was extended to children with neurological and developmental delays, such as mental retardation, although success could be variable. In part, many different factors contributed to this variability: the form the interventions took, the extent of family involvement in the intervention and the lack of sensitivity of the measures used to assess a child's progress, to name but three. Perhaps the most extensive and intensive Early intervention schemes have been in the United States with their Head Start programmes. They were aimed at promoting the educational potential of preschoolers from deprived socio - economic backgrounds. Although the first phase of programmes had varying success, those in the second phase yielded impressive results which were mainly attributed to a greater focus on parental participation and links forged with the school system. Recently in developing countries, priority has been given to establishing early intervention as a means of creating new styles of family-based and community-based service in these countries in contrast to the hospital or institutional-services that were a legacy from a previous generation. Although formal evaluations are largely lacking, informal reports have been broadly enthusiastic. In sum, early intervention is no longer a new approach to developmental disabilities. It is an approach of proven effectiveness with children who have different impairments
Real-time Forensic Disaster Analysis
Wenzel, F.; Daniell, J.; Khazai, B.; Mühr, B.; Kunz-Plapp, T.; Markus, M.; Vervaeck, A.
The Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology (CEDIM, www.cedim.de) - an interdisciplinary research center founded by the German Research Centre for Geoscience (GFZ) and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) - has embarked on a new style of disaster research known as Forensic Disaster Analysis. The notion has been coined by the Integrated Research on Disaster Risk initiative (IRDR, www.irdrinternational.org) launched by ICSU in 2010. It has been defined as an approach to studying natural disasters that aims at uncovering the root causes of disasters through in-depth investigations that go beyond the reconnaissance reports and case studies typically conducted after disasters. In adopting this comprehensive understanding of disasters CEDIM adds a real-time component to the assessment and evaluation process. By comprehensive we mean that most if not all relevant aspects of disasters are considered and jointly analysed. This includes the impact (human, economy, and infrastructure), comparisons with recent historic events, social vulnerability, reconstruction and long-term impacts on livelihood issues. The forensic disaster analysis research mode is thus best characterized as "event-based research" through systematic investigation of critical issues arising after a disaster across various inter-related areas. The forensic approach requires (a) availability of global data bases regarding previous earthquake losses, socio-economic parameters, building stock information, etc.; (b) leveraging platforms such as the EERI clearing house, relief-web, and the many sources of local and international sources where information is organized; and (c) rapid access to critical information (e.g., crowd sourcing techniques) to improve our understanding of the complex dynamics of disasters. The main scientific questions being addressed are: What are critical factors that control loss of life, of infrastructure, and for economy? What are the critical interactions
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Rubén Darío Balda Macías
Full Text Available El presente artículo valora las características del liderazgo educativo que de manera general se aprecia en los colegios fiscales rurales del cantón Portoviejo de la provincia Manabí, donde prevalece un estilo tradicional de ejercer el liderazgo educativo con un papel muy absoluto de la acción del director cómo figura principal en la cadena de mando dentro de una institución educativa. Se argumenta la necesidad de un nuevo estilo de liderazgo educativo de carácter transformacional para los colegios de la provincia Manabí en la República de Ecuador, que tenga como esencia la incorporación plena de todos los miembros de la comunidad educativa escolar a las acciones de mejora del proceso formativo de los estudiantes. El cambio de los estilos de dirección al superar el tradicional liderazgo educativo del director favorece que las instituciones educativas sean más pertinentes con sus comunidades y entornos a partir de un accionar conjunto que integre a las familias, instituciones públicas y privadas y organizaciones en el enfrentamiento a cada manifestación no coherente con la formación ciudadana que forma parte de la misión de estas instituciones educativas.PALABRAS CLAVE: liderazgo; liderazgo educativo; comunidad educativa; alumnos; docentes.EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AS A NEED OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF ECUADORABSTRACTThis article evaluates the characteristics of educational leadership that generally seen in the rural state schools in the canton Portoviejo -Manabí province, where traditional style prevails exercise educational leadership with Very absolute role of action of the director as the main figure in the chain of command within an educational institution. The need for a new style of educational leadership transformational character for schools Manabí province in the Republic of Ecuador, which has as its essence the full inclusion of all members of the educational community school is
Relations of Control: Walkthroughs and the Structuring of Player Agency
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James Newman
Full Text Available Videogame walkthroughs provide instructions on various elements of gameplay in relation to specific digital games, and exist as text-based documents and, to a lesser extent, as recorded moving image game footage. We focus here on written-walkthroughs for the purposes of depth, while recognising the specific and significant position that moving image walkthroughs hold (see Ashton, forthcoming. Player-produced walkthroughs, freely and widely distributed online, point to the broader social contexts that inform and structure player agency. In this article, we emphasize three perspectives on these documents. First, walkthroughs can be approached as a means of recording and codifying playing styles, thereby legitimising specific approaches or strategies. Accordingly, we highlight glitch hunting and the Pokémon series to illustrate the diversity of these playing styles and the significance of the walkthrough as a form of ludic archival document. Second, walkthroughs as textual codifications of gameplay potential can encourage new styles of engagement with authors and performers by outlining opportunities for play, and illuminating strategies and techniques previously unknown to the reader. Importantly, as we shall demonstrate, walkthroughs not only investigate and interrogate game texts – exploring their every narrative turn and spatial aspects in minute detail – but also frequently present techniques that take advantage of weaknesses and flaws in the ruleset or code of the game in order to offer new gameplay options. In this respect, as James Newman (2008 suggests, walkthroughs can be understood as a form of reverse-engineering that renegotiates the player-designer relationship and encourages (perhaps even demands deliberately investigative, resistant and deviant strategies of gameplay. These modes of engagement frequently involve playing beyond performative norms and technical limits. The walkthrough, then, is both a document of the game as
A Statistical Analysis of Rhythm Patterns in Ghaleb Dehlavi's Sonnets
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M. Ghazanfari
Full Text Available Ghaleb Dehlavi is considered as the best-known 13th century Indian poet. Also a writer and researcher, he was a Muslim originally from Touran with Eibak Turk ancestors. He was a pioneer of new styles in Urdu poetry. His poems are written in Urdu as well as Persian. His elaborate prose apart, Dehlavi's odes and lyrics denote the poet's noble thoughts and lofty nature. In spite of such traits and amazing proficiency in writing Persian poems, though a non-Persian speaker, the man has remained unknown or ignored in Iran. The present paper seeks to make orientations to Ghaleb Dehlavi by examining the rhythm patterns of his sonnets.Making references to the Indian style, the paper offers a typology and a computational account of rhythms as used in Ghaleb's poems. It is found that 20 different rhythms are employed to versify a totality of 334 sonnets of which 85 percent are in only six rhythms. These six happen to be so frequently used in Persian too.The most frequent rhythm used by Ghaleb is 'mafoolon faelaton mafaelon faelon'. Highly employed in Persian sonnets too, this rhythm is so capable of expressing the intended concepts. 'Mafaelon faalaton mafaelna falon' is another rhythm of his interest used more frequently in his anthology than in Persian poetry. The rhythm 'mafoolon mafaelon mafaelon faolon', vastly used by Saadi and Hafiz, also appeals to Ghaleb.Ghaleb's application of the octave rhythms 'raml' and 'hazj', which sound so grave in Persian, suggests his tendency for the Indian style in poetry. However, the rise and fall in the frequency of certain rhythms in his anthology may be viewed as an indication of a retreat from his previously practiced literary style. The only rare rhythm in Ghaleb's poems is 'faelaton mafoolon faelaton mafoolon' first tried in Attar's sonnets. This rhythm has also been tried by Hafiz, Khajou Kermani, Saeb, Kalim, Feyz Kashani, and Bidel Dehlavi. The rhythm has given a stylistic
A Statistical Analysis of meters in Ghalib Dehlaviâs Ghazels
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Maryam Ghazanfari
Full Text Available  Abstract Ghaleb Dehlavi is considered as the best-known 13th century Indian poet. Also a writer and researcher, he was a Muslim originally from Touran with Eibak Turk ancestors. He was a pioneer of new styles in Urdu poetry. His poems are written in Urdu as well as Persian. His elaborate prose apart, Dehlaviâs odes and lyrics denote the poetâs noble thoughts and lofty nature. In spite of such traits and amazing proficiency in writing Persian poems, though a non-Persian speaker, the man has remained unknown or ignored in Iran. The present paper seeks to make orientations to Ghaleb Dehlavi by examining the rhythm patterns of his sonnets.  Making references to the Indian style, the paper offers a typology and a computational account of rhythms as used in Ghalebâs poems. It is found that 20 different rhythms are employed to versify a totality of 334 sonnets of which 85 percent are in only six rhythms. These six happen to be so frequently used in Persian too.  The most frequent rhythm used by Ghaleb is âmafoolon faelaton mafaelon faelonâ. Highly employed in Persian sonnets too, this rhythm is so capable of expressing the intended concepts. âMafaelon faalaton mafaelna falonâ is another rhythm of his interest used more frequently in his anthology than in Persian poetry. The rhythm âmafoolon mafaelon mafaelon faolonâ, vastly used by Saadi and Hafiz, also appeals to Ghaleb. Ghalebâs application of the octave rhythms âramlâ and âhazjâ, which sound so grave in Persian, suggests his tendency for the Indian style in poetry. However, the rise and fall in the frequency of certain rhythms in his anthology may be viewed as an indication of a retreat from his previously practiced literary style. The only rare rhythm in Ghalebâs poems is âfaelaton mafoolon faelaton mafoolonâ first tried in Attarâs sonnets. This rhythm has also been tried by Hafiz, Khajou Kermani
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Asif Ali
Full Text Available Abstract The amalgamation of native Indians and Muslim immigrants eventuated in a prolific way in the realm of literature, art, music, technology and especially in architecture, which reached at its zenith during Mughal period. Akbar, the great Mughal, is greatly recognized for his syncretism and religious tolerance. With the power of his influential personality and eclectic approach, he unified the various artistic traditions and architectural styles in the design of his new capital city, Fatehpur Sikri. Although, the architectural forms and construction techniques involved in the design of city had already been incorporated since the arrival of Islam in Indian subcontinent, but their synthesis reached at its zenith at Fatehpur Sikri and thus traditionally rich and fanciful indian style was merged with the lightness and simplicity of Islamic style. This paper will focus on the unique intermingling of two entirely different styles like their cultures which were born in different regions and with different approaches. This fusion developed a new style in architecture besides several other aspects of life in India. Keywords: Fatehpur Sikri, Mughal Architecture, Composite Culture, Akbar Abstrak Penggabungan India kuno dan imigran muslim menghasilkan banyak literatur, seni, musik, teknologi, dan terutama arsitektur yang mencapai puncaknya selama periode Mughal. Akbar, Mughal yang besar, diakui untuk sinkretisma dan toleransi beragama. Dengan kekuatan pengaruh kepribadiannya dan pendekatan eklektik, dia menyatukan tradisi seni yang bervariasi dan gaya arsitektural pada desain ibukota yang baru, Fatehpur Sikri. Meskipun bentuk arsitektural dan teknik konstruksi terlibat dalam desain kota sudah tergabung sejak kedatangan Islam di India, tapi perpaduannya mencapai puncaknya pada Fatehpur Sikri, jadi gaya India yang fantastis dan kaya secara tradisional digabung dengan kesederhanaan gaya Islam. Artikel ini akan fokus
A review of shear wave splitting in the crack-critical crust
Crampin, Stuart; Chastin, Sebastien
Over the last 15 years, it has become established that crack-induced stress-aligned shear wave splitting, with azimuthal anisotropy, is an inherent characteristic of almost all rocks in the crust. This means that most in situ rocks are pervaded by fluid-saturated microcracks and consequently are highly compliant. The evolution of such stress-aligned fluid-saturated grain-boundary cracks and pore throats in response to changing conditions can be calculated, in some cases with great accuracy, using anisotropic poro-elasticity (APE). APE is tightly constrained with no free parameters, yet dynamic modelling with APE currently matches a wide range of phenomena concerning anisotropy, stress, shear waves and cracks. In particular, APE has allowed the anisotropic response of a reservoir to injection to be calculated (predicted with hindsight), and the time and magnitude of an earthquake to be correctly stress-forecast. The reason for this calculability and predictability is that the microcracks in the crust are so closely spaced that they form critical systems. This crack-critical crust leads to a new style of geophysics that has profound implications for almost all aspects of pre-fracturing deformation of the crust and for solid-earth geophysics and geology. We review past, present and speculate about the future of shear wave splitting in the crack-critical crust. Shear wave splitting is seen to be a dynamic measure of the deformation of the rock mass. There is some good news and some bad news for conventional geophysics. Many accepted phenomena are no longer valid at high spatial and temporal resolution. A major effect is that the detailed crack geometry changes with time and varies from place to place in response to very small previously negligible changes. However, at least in some circumstances, the behaviour of the rock in the highly complex inhomogeneous Earth may be calculated and the response predicted, opening the way to possible control by feedback. The need is
Ibadah Kontemporer: Sebuah Analisis Reflektif Terhadap Lahirnya Budaya Populer Dalam Gereja Masa Kini
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Yohanis Luni Tumanan
Full Text Available Ibarat dua buah sisi mata uang, musik dan ibadah tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam sebuah tata ibadah gereja. Ibadah merupakan salah satu cara jemaat untuk berhubungan dengan Pencipta secara dramatis-simbolis. Thomas G. Long mengatakan bahwa konteks bergereja dewasa ini adalah perang gaya baru, yaitu perang ibadah. Fenomena ini dipengaruhi oleh derasnya arus "budaya pop" yang mampir dalam ibadah gereja, yaitu dengan munculnya Christian Contemporary Music (CCM. Hal ini ditandai dengan wajah segar dalam berbagai bidang pelayanan yang peka terhadap pasar (market sensitive yaitu peka dengan keinginan orang-orang di zaman ini, termasuk ibadah yang ditata untuk menarik pengunjung gereja. Penggunaan musik Kristen kontemporer dengan peralatan combo band, gaya musik dan aransemennya seperti musik populer umumnya tersebut kemudian merefleksikan sebuah ibadah yang disebut sebagai ibadah kontemporer (contemporary worship yang sifatnya dinamis dan penuh antusiasme. Namun, kita tidak boleh kehilangan nilai-nilai hakiki yaitu kebenaran Alkitab untuk menata dan mengembangkan ibadah gereja dalam menghadapi derasnya arus "budaya pop".Like two sides of the same coin, music and worship in a church service cannot be separated. Worship is one way for the congregation to relate to the Creator in a dramatic-symbolic manner. Thomas G. Long declares that in the context of the contemporary church there is a new style war, that is the worship war. This phenomena has been influenced by the swift current of "pop culture" which made its appearancein church worship with the advent of Christian Contemporary Music (CCM. This brought a fresh face to various aspects of ministry which were market sensitive, that is sensitive to the desires of contemporary people, including worship services designed to attract church visitors. Contemporary Christian music uses a full band and the musical style and arrangements of popular music, which is reflected in a worship service called
Lean Leadership - Organizational Buy - Ins
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Dr. Revathi Iyer
Leadership is a constant activity and evolves into a cohesive force towards transformation. Unless leadership is driven into the philosophy of the organization by major improvements not only in productivity but also in speed quality customer loyalty employee engagement and most importantly growth there can be no effective buy INS. Hence if lean management and lean thinking have to be a part of organization philosophy then leadership will be able to identify that all dimensions of a transformation at once and that recognizing that each provides crucial support to the others. Radnor Z. and Bucci G. 2007. lean leadership attempts to bring the voice of the customer at the heart of the business. Leadership in lean is geared to helping employees to work together more effectively to deliver exactly what customers value. Lean leadership should also be able to strengthen performance systems. Lean leadership supports and identifies those nodes and inputs to ensure that targets and performances are pinned down to respective processes and resources are deployed to the necessary inputs. Lean also encourages root-cause problem solving lean leadership allows for high levels of organization skills and shifts lean responsibility towards the front line and demands new styles of leadership. These new frontiers of leadership are what channelizes growth and make a good lean leader. Pearce C. L. amp Conger J. A. 2003
10,000 Years of explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Central Java: archaeological and modern implications
Newhall, C.G.; Bronto, S.; Alloway, B.; Banks, N.G.; Bahar, I.; Del Marmol, M.A.; Hadisantono, R.D.; Holcomb, R.T.; McGeehin, J.; Miksic, J.N.; Rubin, M.; Sayudi, S.D.; Sukhyar, R.; Andreastuti, Supriyati; Tilling, R.I.; Torley, R.; Trimble, D.; Wirakusumah, A.D.
larger than any of this century have occurred many times during Merapi's history, most recently during the 19th century. Are the relatively small eruptions of the 20th century a new style of open-vent, less hazardous activity that will persist for the foreseeable future? Or, alternatively, are they merely low-level "background" activity that could be interrupted upon relatively short notice by much larger explosive eruptions? The geologic record suggests the latter, which would place several hundred thousand people at risk. We know of no reliable method to forecast when an explosive eruption will interrupt the present interval of low-level activity. This conclusion has important implications for hazard evaluation.
دراسة آثاریة معماریة لمجموعة مآذن بمحافظة الغربیة (غیر منشورة وغیر مسجلة
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Dr. Mahmoud Saad Al-Gendy
and archaeologically. The study also focuses on all forms of transgression, wrong restoration, and the risks endangering these monuments. It suggests solutions for such issues, and it recommends the registration of such monuments in order to preserve them. The study publishes for the first time a collection of minarets for the first time by identifying the location (Gharbeya Governorate, and time (the first third of the 4th century A.H./20th A.D. to follow the developments occurring to the construction of minarets, their decoration, archaeological style, and the reciprocal effects in the field across Cairo and other governorates. The purpose is to shed light on a new style in building minarets.
Advanced Membrane Separation Technologies for Energy Recovery from Industrial Process Streams
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Keiser, J. R.; Wang, D. [Gas Technology Institute; Bischoff, B.; Ciora, [Media and Process Technology; Radhakrishnan, B.; Gorti, S. B.
membrane layer on the surface of the metallic tubes was evaluated. Evaluation of this new style of membrane tube involved exposure to SO{sub 2} containing gases as well as to materials with a potential for fouling. Once the choice of substrate and membrane materials and design were confirmed, about 150 tubes were fabricated and assembled into three modules. These modules were mounted on an industrial size boiler and their performance carefully monitored during a limited testing period. The positive results of this performance test confirm the feasibility of utilizing such a system for recovery of heat and water from industrial waste streams. The improved module design along with use of long metallic substrate tubes with a ceramic membrane on the outer surface resulted in the successful, limited scale demonstration of the Transport Membrane Condenser (TMC) technology in the GTI test facility. This test showed this technology can successfully recover a significant amount of heat and water from gaseous waste streams. However, before industry will make the investment to install a full scale TMC, a full scale system will need to be constructed, installed and successfully operated at a few industrial sites. Companies were identified that had an interest in serving as a host site for a demonstration system.
The traditional and modern in church music: A study in canon and creativity
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Peno Vesna
Full Text Available Definitions of the terms "traditional" and "modern", relating to the chanting tradition of the Eastern Church, sprang from research into so-called kalophony – a specific compositional method that established melismatic melody. Despite differing academic opinions about the origins of this melody in the liturgical practice of the Eastern Church, it is evident that very embellished and elaborate kalophonic melodies appeared frequently from the mid-13th century onwards. The compositional treatment of various genres of these melodies began historically with partial respect for the established hymnographic text. This was followed by a more liberal arrangement, ending in a total departure from any textual base (kratema. The fact that the melody in melismatic mode superseded the text suggests that kalophony represented a certain kind of modernity. Even though musical manuscripts in neumatic notation had no written rules about methods of composition or how to balance tones and words, in the tradition of the Easternchanting practice, melody was always recognized as a helpful addition, an exegesis of the textus receptus. In order to fully comprehend the introduction of this "new sound" and "new style", this study focuses on the work of a major protagonist of them, a monk from the Great Lavra, blessed John Koukouzeles. I consider the following questions: 1 The purpose and function of chant in the art of Byzantium in general 2 The role of the composer/ artist and his creative freedom 3 Evaluating criteria for church-related arts/composition 4 Criteria which immortalized or buried artwork/composition of the time Allowing for what possibly motivated John Koukouzeles and his contemporaries to compose kalophonic melodies or to kalophonically modify old, traditional melodies this study focuses on the effects that hesychasm had on the chanting practice of the time. Considering the theological validation of kalophonic modifications of some liturgical hymns, an
Educação à Distância como estratégia para a educação permanente em saúde: possibilidades e desafios Educación a la Distancia como estratégia para la educación permanente en salud: posibilidades y desafíos Distance Education as strategy for permanent education in health: possibilities and challenges
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Marluce Alves Nunes Oliveira
possibilities and challenges to the operate of DE as strategy to PEH. Bibliographical Revision Study: The result shows that PEH is one strategy to professional formation through coletive works between professors. As possibility: DE makes possible a new style in formation construction. Challenges: Knowledge need to use new technologies of information and comunication; difficulty of acess to these technologies; scarcity of time to develop the course activities. We learn that DE have a new perspective to PEH.
An abrupt outgassing revealed by a slow decompression experiment of cristal-bearing syrup foam
Kanno, Y.; Namiki, A.
Distribution of volcanic gasses in a conduit determines eruption style. Outgassing changes the distribution of volcanic gasses in a conduit.We here simulated the outgassing from ascending magma by slow decompression experiments. As molten magma ascends in a conduit, surrounding pressure becomes low and bubbles in magma expand. In our previous work, we found that the bubble expansion causes film rupturing and makes paths for outgassing. The crystals in magma may affect this newly found outgassing style. Accordingly, we slowly decompressed syrup foam including solid particles as a magma analogue. Experiments are conducted in an acrylic tank. We observed the expansion of three-phase magma analog from the front of the tank using a digital video camera. From the images and pressure measurements, we calculated time evolution of the syrup volume and permeability. We consider that there is no bubble segregation by the ascent of individual bubbles from the Stoke's velocity. We conducted our experiments with a viscosity range of 10-20 Pa s which is the same orders of magnitude of that of basaltic magma, 10-103 Pa s. At the beginning of the decompression, the volume change of the syrup foam is well explained by isothermal expansion. When the gas fractions reached to the 85-90%, we observed that deformations of bubble films caused film rupturing so that bubbles coalesce vertically to clear a path. As time elapsed, the measured gas volume in the foam becomes smaller than that estimated by the isothermal expansion, indicating the occurrence of outgassing. In the experiments with high volume fraction of solid particles (>30 vol.% for bubble-free liquid), we observed another new style of outgassing. Several large voids (> 10 mm in radius) appear at a middle height of the foam and connect each other to make a horizontally elongated cavity. The roof of the cavity collapses, and then massive outgassing occurs. At the beginning of the decompression until the foam collapses, outgassing
San Isidoro Schools in Padul, Granada, Spain
Lafuente-Bolívar, Francisco Javier; Santiago Zaragoza, Juan Manuel; Fernández-Adarve, Gabriel; María Cruz-Valdivieso, Ana
The small and unique building of "Las Escuelas de San Isidoro", erected in Padul at the beginning of the 20th century, is a clear example of the new architectural type of the innovative educational model created in Granada by Father Manjón. That model supposed a radical change for the methods of the Spanish teaching and it was the origin of the current educational system. Andrés Manjón y Manjón (1846-1923), priest, jurist and pedagogue, broke with traditional pedagogy and revolutionized the old-fashion model of education that was in vogue until that moment and universalized and socialized education. That pioneer model promoted an education based on aptitudes and faculties, using games and practice, addressed to all ages and social classes, in conjunction with nature. Outdoor education should be used wherever possible. In a historical context of profound social changes, this typology was the answer to the new educational needs using a "spearing" architectural language based on a constructive system that was both efficient and economic: Spanish Regionalism. It was a new style from the first third of the 20th century that recreated historical forms. It was far from the breakthrough modern movement that, at that time, it took place in central Europe. However, the model of the Manjonian School runs away from historicist models and remains in the simplicity of brick-faced walls or brick-wrapping walls and masonry drawers, with no more decorative concession that window lintels, jambs and sill jut out. The façades highlight made with simple semicircular arches and some glazed ceramics. Wooden rounded slabs supported on walls and simple wooden cover structures. The steel was barely used in metal structural slabs and brick, and even less on the roof. Architects like Francisco Jiménez Arévalo, Juan Montserrat Pons or Fernando Wilhelmi Manzano will be the architects of this type of architecture that has as a mark of identity the massive use of brick in load
Implementation Plans for a Systems Microbiology and Extremophile Research Facility
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Wiley, H. S.
solve DOE problems. Recent advances in whole-genome sequencing for a variety of organisms and improvements in high-throughput instrumentation have contributed to a rapid transition of the biological research paradigm towards understanding biology at a systems level. As a result, biology is evolving from a descriptive to a quantitative, ultimately predictive science where the ability to collect and productively use large amounts of biological data is crucial. Understanding how the ensemble of proteins in cells gives rise to biological outcomes is fundamental to systems biology. These advances will require new technologies and approaches to measure and track the temporal and spatial disposition of proteins in cells and how networks of proteins and other regulatory molecules give rise to specific activities. The DOE has a strong interest in promoting the application of systems biology to understanding microbial function and this comprises a major focus of its Genomics:GTL program. A major problem in pursuing what has been termed "systems microbiology" is the lack of the facilities and infrastructure for conducting this new style of research. To solve this problem, the Genomics:GTL program has funded a number of large-scale research centers focused on either mission-oriented outcomes, such as bioenergy, or basic technologies, such as gene sequencing, high-throughput proteomics or the identification of protein complexes. Although these centers generate data that will be useful to the research community, their scientific goals are relatively narrow and are not designed to accommodate the general community need for advanced capabilities for systems microbiology research.
Olimpismo y "Soft Power". De Atenas (1986 a Pequín (2008 = Olimpism and Soft Power. From Atenas (1986 to Beijing (2008
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Alcides Viera Costa
politicization, commercialism and professionalism of the Olympic Movement the IOC has became a battleground for the Cold War and the new styled figure of diplomacy called "hard power". Under the Samaranch Presidency that gave impetus to the opening of the IOC to large companies and to sports professionalism came an important new phase to pacify the IOC. More recently under Jacques Rogge leadership (since 2001 a new impetus to the IOC took place, forcing the PRC to fulfill its commitments for Beijing 2008 and a new deep arguing in order to consider sport as a fine catalytic device for change. Rogge, as Coubertin, put sport again in the way of "soft power" and the IOC could find a complete new observer status in the United Nations.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------O discurso comum acerca de Pierre de Coubertin identifica-o como alguém para quem o desporto era um instrumento de pedagogia. No presente artigo, defendemos que para Coubertin a pedagogia do desporto era tão só um instrumento político que, hoje, encontra expressão nessa figura de estilo da diplomacia moderna o "Soft Power". Até aos Jogos de Berlim (1936 com Baillet-Lattour assim continuou. Contudo, depois da II Grande Guerra, com Sigfrid Edström e a questão das "duas Chinas" e, depois, com Avery Brundage e a sua obsessão contra o apolitismo, o comercialismo e o profissionalismo, o COI tornou-se um campo de batalha da guerra-fria e do "hard power". Com Samaranch e a abertura do COI às grandes empresas e ao profissionalismo deu-se um passo significativo para pacificar o IOC. Jacques Rogge, a partir de 2001 deu um novo alento ao IOC, obrigando a RPC a cumprir os compromissos assumidos, defendendo que o desporto pode ser um catalisador de mudança. Rogge, tal como Coubertin, colocou o desporto no domínio do "soft power" conseguindo com isso para o COI um estatuto de observador nas Nações Unidas.
EDITORIAL: Dearing strikes again!
Dobson Honorary Editor, Ken
recommendations which will need very careful and intelligent management if they are to be both workable and beneficial; unfortunately recent history tells us that the Government's agencies responsible for educational management are insensitive to the advice of practitioners and work to hidden political agendas based on prejudgement if not downright prejudice. The Report's recommendations certainly provide a challenge for post-16 physics, especially for A-level. It is to be hoped that the new structures and initiatives of the Institute of Physics will be able to play a full part in ensuring that changes are beneficial and workable. Firstly, Sir Ron wants A-levels to provide opportunities and contexts for the development of some general skills, identified as communication (both written and oral), numeracy and in information technology, with a less clear reference to an ability to work as part of a team. Challenge 1: find good contexts in physics for these - and a valid assessment system. Secondly, the curriculum should be broadened by a kind of two-phase approach to post-16 studies. Potential A-level students would spend a year studying as many as six Advanced Subsidiary level subjects, chosen from four main areas: science, maths and technology; modern languages; arts and humanities; `the way the community works' (business, economics, law, psychology etc). Each new-style AS would be the first half of an A-level course. The second phase would allow specialization into, say, three A-levels as at present, or to a combination of A and AS courses. Challenge 2: design a half course that makes sense, and is as useful to potential lawyers as to potential physicists. Thirdly, there should be an increase in the size of the A-level subject cores. Challenge 3: design such an extended core that is less boringly old-fashioned than the current one (not too difficult, that) and is capable of useful fission (see Challenge 2). This is a good opportunity to consider the nature of a `core' in physics
Historia personal de una desmesura: los "foessas" Historia personal de una desmesura: los "foessas"
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Amando De Miguel
Full Text Available This was a very ambitious sociological investigation. In those days it was very influential because it marked a new style to make empirical sociology. It was made by an independent team without any link with other institutions. Practically all the collaborators of the team in 1970 were students and, a generation later, many had become Sociology professors. The method integrated, for the first time in Spain (with only the antecedent of the first FOESSA, in 1966, survey data with the so-called "secondary data" (statistics, documents, etc.. The line of research was very descriptive. Perhaps it could not be another form, considering the lack of basic studies on Spanish social structure. Survey analysis was accomplished with computer (then personal computers did not exist and the statistical one with a table calculator, that today could be a museum piece. The work system was very intensive, with an uncommon dedication. Each chapter had several versions, which supposed a considerable effort. Remember that the typewriter had not been surpassed yet. A new aspect of this investigation was that it went beyond the academic world, to a diverse public in which there were High School teachers, students in their training period to become civil servants or journalists, among other groups. An unexpected event surrounded by a certain golden respectability the work of the investigators. Chapter 5 (Political Life was taken by the censorship off the printed volume. The volume was distributed with that mutilated form. Years later a part of that chapter was translated into English and included in a volume compiled by Stanley Payne. The news of the censorship of chapter 5 caused that numerous copies of the original one circulated. In 2000 I published the chapter as appendix in my book The end of Francoism. Personal testimony. One of the central hypotheses of the study was that the intense economic changes of the sixties were going to bring a necessary political
EDITORIAL: Crisis management - and creation
Dobson Honorary Editor, Ken
At the time of writing an ad hoc group set up by a governmental quango - the Schools Curriculum and Assessment Authority - is rewriting the subject cores for AS and A-level physics. The current version was introduced to general disapprobation from informed users, and especially from the Institute of Physics, and was examined for the first time in 1996. The main points of criticism of the current subject core were that it is too prescriptive, too large (especially at AS) and preserves an old-fashioned view of physics. It was seen as essentially all rather boring and quite unlikely to make it easier for teachers to attract more students into A-level physics courses. The core will, presumably, form the bulk of the new-style AS levels, an intriguingly innovative feature of the Dearing 16 - 19 proposals that, in principle, provides an opportunity to revitalize post-16 physics for a wide variety of potential users. But the other predicted consequence of a nationally (legally) prescribed core was a kind of instant fossilization of curriculum development and innovation. Creativity is effectively banned. Taking risks becomes unthinkable. Taken in conjunction with the less well known (except to examiners) increasingly close bureaucratic supervision of the examining process itself, the aim seems to be consistent mediocrity rather than the adventurous exploration of physics at what must be one of the most exciting (and rapidly changing) times in its history. The September issue of this journal dealt with some aspects of the new thinking about an education in (and through) physics, in the context of the IoP initiative to produce a modern physics curriculum for the year 2000. It is foreseeably improbable that the new subject core will be such as to encourage creative initiatives, other than by a third-law reaction effect. I am told that the ad hoc committee (membership unknown) will work for at least three whole days to produce the core; it will then be submitted for approval by
Mars Express — how to be fastest to the Red Planet
Mars Express is the first example of ESA's new style of developing scientific missions: faster, smarter and more cost-effective, but without compromising reliability and quality - there have been no cuts in tests or pre-launch preparations. Mars Express will face demanding technical challenges during its trip to the Red Planet and ESA engineers have worked hard to make sure it meets them. "With Mars Express, Europe is building its own expertise in many fields. This ranges from the development of science experiments and new technologies - new for European industry - to the control of a mission that includes landing on another planet. We have never done this before," says Rudi Schmidt, Mars Express Project Manager. Quicker, smarter…safe! Mars Express's design and development phase has taken about four years, compared with about six years for previous similar missions. And its cost, 300 million euros, is much less than other comparable planetary missions. The 'magic' lies in the new managerial approach being used. This new approach includes the reuse of existing hardware and instruments. Also, the mission was developed by a smaller ESA team, who gave more responsibility to industry. Mars Express has been built by a consortium of 24 companies from ESA's 15 Member States and the United States, led by Astrium as prime contractor. However, mission safety was never compromised. "Although we were under heavy pressure towards the end of the project, we did not drop any of the planned tests to save time. I call this a fast design phase, followed by thorough testing activity," says Schmidt. This new streamlined development method will continue with Venus Express and probably other future missions. Launch Mars Express will be launched on 2 June on board a Soyuz-Fregat rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. The mission consists of an orbiter and a lander, called Beagle 2. In its launch configuration, Mars Express is a honeycombed aluminium box that
量子点转化LED封装的进展与展望%Progress and expectation of quantum dots converted light emitting diode package
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
朱永明; 谢斌; 罗小兵
Quantum dots converted light emitting diode (QCLED) is a new-style lighting device with quantum dots (QDs) as the down conversion material.The QDs with tunable spectrum,remarkable saturation and high quantum yields result in the excellent performance of color rendering and saturation as well as the gamut of QCLED.As a consequence,the QCLED is attracting more and more attentions nowadays.Different from the traditional phosphor powders which are the down conversion material of white LED,the quantum dots are usually stored up in the fluid or solid matrix,and the most common package type of QDs is to be blended with the high polymer and then packaged into the bare LEDs.However,there are 4 crucial problems in the process of packaging:(1) The poor compatibility of QDs and high polymer matrix.Although techniques for incorporating QDs in high polymer films are well developed,the coexistence of QDs and bulk polymer matrix remains to be strengthened,or there will be some problems such as low yield of film,cluster of QDs,fluorescence quenching,and so on.(2) The poor thermal stability of QCLED.When the temperature rises,the organic ligands growing on the surface of QDs will fall off or become inactivated,then the surface defects are exposed to matrix,which will result in the reduction of fluorescence efficiency.(3) The poor stability of QDs against oxygen and moisture.The penetrative oxygen and moisture will corrode the surface ions and ligands on the surface of QDs,consequently resulting in defect trap states and furthermore the degeneration of optical performance of QCLED.(4) The optimization of optical spectrum.There are usually 3 or more spectrum distributions for QCLED light,meaning that 2 or more kinds of QDs are needed to combine with the light extracted from LED chip.In order to obtain the high performance QCLED,the collocation of the QDs and LED chip should be quite well designed.Aiming at these problems,the researchers have tried a good deal of solutions:(1) Ligand
Postmodernistlikke jooni eesti noore režissuuri lavastustes 1969–1975 / Postmodernist Traits in the Performances of Young Estonian Directors 1969-1975
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Rein Heinsalu
theatre was not referred to by a single name: in the USA, it was referred to as experimental, neo-avant-garde, off-off-Broadway, also as alternative. In England, experimental andfringe were among the concepts used. The designation of theatre renewal of the 1960s and 1970s as "postmodern" could only was a retrospective manoeuvre by American and English theorists. The young directors began to use deconstruction to overturn the grand narratives; binaries and myths were shattered; power and its structures are examined closely; sexuality was used in a shocking manner; the principle of play became foregrounded. All of these directions and intentions connect the new wave with postmodernism. This article uses the above principles to examine some of the most important works of young directors from the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s: a program of the poetry of Gustav Suits, This one song I want to sing (1969; Cinderella-game (1969; Letting Their Hand Be Kissed (1969; Epp Pillapart's Punjaba Pot Factory (1974; Oliver and Jennifer (1972. Changes in social and aesthetic consciousness also had an effect, as they had in other artistic media. "This was a generation that was not bothered by stalinist norms," said Karin Kask. Without a doubt, the emergence of this phenomenon were also affected by moods of renewal in Czechoslovakia and Poland, as well as by the invasion of Czechoslovakia. The period was characterized by the "virus of protest and freedom" as well as "euphoria on the eve of suppression". While trying to reform theatre, new concepts emerged, such as imagistic system, impulse, non-conceptual base, complete freedom in the choice of means, a new style, irrationality at the base of humanity, the psychophysical dramatic equivalent, etc. The stage is set free from the circumstantial conjuncture, turning instead toward an existential black-box; alternatively, standard images are tentatively represented on a meta-level. The
Estilos regionales en la Costa Central en el Horizonte Tardío. Una aproximación desde el valle del Lurín
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s. The conventional macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the wares in the sample comprising 3 456 diagnostic fragments chosen among 41 871 sherds, enabled the definition of 16 different technological traditions of pottery making and many styles: local lower valley Ychsma, brown upper valley ceramic, coastal Puerto Viejo, north coastal influenced including Chimu Inca, provincial Inca. The case of Pueblo Viejo-Pucará once more evinces that in the context of late periods, architecture, funeral behaviour and not ceramics are the best indicators of the identity of the builders and the users. The Late Intermediate Period ceramic traditions lasted throughout the Late Horizon. However, the transfer of mitimaes -including some skilled potters- to the Central Coast had some immediate effects: new design and new styles appears.