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- Advanced Search
- Browse Issuers
- Tools and Resources
- Market Activity
- EMMA Help
EMMA provides three powerful tools for finding information about specific municipal securities: quick search, advanced search filters and 529 Savings Plan search. Descriptions of how to use each of these tools are provided below.
A quick search (the equivalent of a "simple search" on many sites) can be conducted from virtually any page on EMMA. Quick search allows searches by CUSIP number and name of a security.
If you know the nine-character CUSIP number (CUSIP-9) of a security, enter it in the quick search box at the top of any page of EMMA to get direct access to security details. Trade confirmations must, and most account statements do, include the CUSIP-9 for each security. Use the first six digits of a CUSIP number (CUSIP-6) if you prefer to see a listing of issues of a particular issuer or a specific credit of an issuer. A CUSIP is an identification number assigned to each maturity of an issue, similar to a serial number. The acronym CUSIP (Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures) refers to the nine-digit, alphanumeric number used to identify securities, including municipal bonds. The first six characters are known as the base, or CUSIP-6, and uniquely identify the bond issuer. The seventh and eighth digit identify the exact bond issue and the ninth digit is an automatically generated "check digit."Read more about CUSIP numbers
If you know the name of your security (which may be printed on your trade confirmation or account statement), you can enter this text into the quick search. Entering text in the quick search box will perform a word search of the security title consisting of both the Issuer Name and Issue Description. Avoid using common terms, which can bring back results numbering in the thousands.
Watch a tutorial about how to
search securities on EMMA
EMMA's advanced search provides you with the broadest variety of search criteria, including:
A drop-down menu allows for the selection of the state in which the municipal issuer of the securities is located.
If multiple terms are entered within a single field, EMMA will find matching records containing all such terms in any order. If multiple terms are entered within quotation marks (" "), then EMMA will find only exact matches for such multiple terms as entered.
Closing date is the date on which the issuer delivered the securities to the underwriter upon initial issuance.
Dated date is the date from which interest on the securities begins to accrue.
This criteria searches on the interest rate, sometimes referred to as the "coupon rate" of the bond or note, expressed as a percentage. This is different from yield, which is the rate of return on an investment based on trade price and term of investment.
CUSIP-6s (the first six characters of a CUSIP-9) are a way to search for multiple issues of an issuer. If the issuer has a single CUSIP-6, your search should return all of the securities within that issuer's bond issues. If the issuer has more than one CUSIP-6, your search will only return securities in a subset of that issuer's issues (e.g., bonds secured by a particular credit, securities issued for a particular purpose, bonds issued during a particular timeframe). Often, you can find other issues of an issuer with multiple CUSIP-6s by conducting an Issuer Name search using the exact name from the first CUSIP-6 search. Do not use Issuer Name or State when conducting a CUSIP-6 search since these are already tied to the CUSIP-6.
This is the date on which a bond or note matures and the principal amount is repaid to the investor.
A drop-down menu allows a search based on the issuer's intended use of the proceeds of the offering. Options include:
A drop-down menu allows a search on the source of funds pledged by the issuer for repayment of the securities. Options include:
A drop-down menu allows a search on securities with different types of interest rates/coupons. Options include:
A drop-down menu allows a search on whether a security has been guaranteed by a bond insurer for the payment of the principal and interest should the issuer fail to make the required payments.
A drop-down menu allows a search on whether a security is subject to federal income tax.
A drop-down menu allows a search on whether the issuer has the right to redeem a security in whole before maturity.
The next date on which the issuer can exercise its option to redeem a security in whole.
The price at which the issuer can redeem a security on the next call date.
Current long-term credit ratings assigned by Fitch Ratings, Kroll Bond Ratings Agency (KBRA), Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and Standard and Poor's are provided on EMMA and may be included in a search. See Understanding Credit Ratings for more information.
More than 95 percent of all municipal securities are municipal bonds and notes that are assigned a CUSIP-9. This is the default option for searches on EMMA. However, the Security Type drop-down menu allows searches for other types of municipal securities. Commercial paper consists of short-term, unsecured promissory notes assigned a CUSIP-6 identifier. Securities ineligible for CUSIP number assignment are securities that do not have CUSIP numbers assigned due to unique characteristics of the security. Municipal fund securities are securities with features similar to mutual funds such as local government investment pools. To search for 529 savings plans and ABLE programs, click the 529 Savings Plan/ABLE Program Disclosures link under the Market Activity tab.
This is the date range on which a legally binding agreement was reached between the buyer and seller. Trade data on EMMA dates to January 2005.
This is the price at which the securities were transacted, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount.
This is the yield, calculated on a "yield to worst" basis, using the trade price, the interest rate on the bonds and the remaining period until maturity or earlier redemption.
This is the principal amount traded. An indicator of MM+ is shown for trades over 5 million dollars during the first week after the trade date. After a week has elapsed, this indicator is replaced by the exact dollar amount. Enter "MM+" to search for trade over $5 million.
Drop-down menu of whether a customer bought the security from a broker-dealer or bank, a customer sold the security to a broker-dealer or bank, or the trade was between a broker-dealer or bank and another broker-dealer or bank. Options include:
A drop-down menu of special trading situations. Options include:
This is the date on which a disclosure was made available on the EMMA website.
Official statements describe the essential terms of a bond, including whether and on what terms a bond can be redeemed prior to maturity, the sources pledged to repay the bond, the issuer's covenants for the benefit of investors, and much more. Selecting this option will include securities for which primary market documents have been posted on EMMA.
Advance refunding documents set out important terms of how and when a bond that has been advance refunded ultimately will be paid. Selecting this option will include securities for which advance refunding documents have been posted on EMMA.
Variable rate security documents include liquidity facility documents for variable rate demand obligations such as letters of credit and stand-by bond purchase agreements as well as program documents for auction rate securities. Selecting this option will include securities for which such documents have been posted on EMMA.
Continuing disclosure documents consist of important information about a bond that arises after the initial issuance. Continuing disclosures include those identified under Rule 15c2-12 and Rule 15Ga-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) as well as those made on a voluntary basis. Selecting a specific continuing disclosure document type will include all securities for which this document type has been posted on EMMA.
Selecting this checkbox will include all securities that have had an event–based continuing disclosure document posted on EMMA.
Selecting this checkbox will include all securities that have had a financial or operating filing document posted on EMMA.
Selecting this checkbox will include all securities that have had asset-backed securities disclosure document(s) posted on EMMA.
MyEMMA allows users to save and modify frequently used search criteria in EMMA Search. Sign in to MyEMMA from the MyEMMA link in the upper right corner of any page of the website. You can also sign in directly from the Search page by clicking "Access MyEMMA Saved Searches" in the left menu. To save a new search, enter the search criteria you wish to save. In the left menu, enter a name for the search and click "Save Search". To view, load and delete your saved searches, click "Access MyEMMA Saved Searches". Once a search is loaded, you can modify the criteria and re-save to replace the existing saved search or save as a new search with a new search name.[Close]
Search for information on 529 savings plans and ABLE programs by clicking the 529 Savings Plan/ABLE Program Disclosures link under the Market Activity tab. Click a state in the interactive map to find available information about the plan or plans offered in that state.[Close]


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Feb. 17, 2007
PORTLAND, Maine - After finishing 13th in back-to-back appearances at the New England Division III Track and Field Championships, the Engineers once again showcased their resurgence with a fifth-place effort out of 21 schools that scored. Williams finished first in the team standings, while MIT paced the NEWMAC contingent.
The Engineers set a school record in the 4x800-meter relay in one of the day's top highlights. The team of Andrea Bradshaw, freshman Jacqui Wentz, Andrea Staid and freshman Maria Monks ran 9:41.68 in finishing fifth. The Cardinal and Gray nearly set another Institute mark with a third-place finish in the 4x200m.
Senior Christine Fanchiang enjoyed the top individual performance on the afternoon, finishing second place in the pole vault with a leap of 11 feet. Allison Brown and Emily Hwang matched Fanchiang's height, but settled for a split of fourth place since Fanchiang was the first to clear.
Freshman Amy Magnuson enjoyed a strong performance with a third-place effort in the 55-meter hurdles. Her split of 8.42 set a new MIT indoor record. Magnuson also served MIT well in the jumps, finishing fourth in the triple jump (35'4.5") and eighth in the long jump (16'7.75").
The Engineers also earned some crucial points in the throwing events as junior Aline Thomas picked up 11 points between the shot put and weight throw. Thomas threw 38 feet in the shot put en route to third and tossed the weight 48'6.75" for fourth.

subset: commoncrawl


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Vanuatu Paralegal Directory
Vanuatu Paralegals, Legal Assistant LDA
Vanuatu Legal Secretary
Vanuatu Paralegal and Legal Document Assistants, known as LDA's assist lawyers with legal services. Vanuatu Paralegal, Vanuatu Legal Document Assistants ( LDA ) and Vanuatu Legal Secretary can help with legal forms and document preparation regarding divorce, child support, custody modifications, small claims, right to lien, release of liens, simple wills, name change, quitclaim deeds and promissory notes. Vanuatu Legal Secretary generally works directly for Vanuatu Lawyer or as an employee of the Vanuatu Judicial Court.
In most judicial systems, a Vanuatu Paralegal, Legal Document Assistants ( LDA ) or Legal Secretary can do any functions that most lawyers do except actual court litigation and giving legal advice. Legal advice may only be given by a qualified licensed Vanuatu lawyer. Most Vanuatu paralegals, Vanuatu legal assistants and Vanuatu legal secretary work under the guidance of the Vanuatu Lawyer or as approved by the Vanuatu Judicial Court.
Vanuatu Paralegal, Vanuatu Legal document assistants
(LDA) and Legal Secretary may perform
the following functions under the guidance of a lawyer:
- Conduct legal research, including procedural, administrative, or case law.
- Conduct investigations and record searches.
- Locate and interview witnesses for dispositions.
- Draft legal documents, correspondence and pleadings.
- Document retrieval and filing in court.
- Keep track of and report any pending legislation that may affect clients.
- Prepare medical summaries and chronologies.
- Attend executions of wills, real estate closings, depositions, court or administrative hearings and trials with the lawyer.
- Interview client to gather facts and background information.
- Assist in preparing witnesses for court hearings.
- Service of subpoenas and summonses.
- Bilingual legal translation services.
Five things a Vanuatu Paralegal, Legal Document Assistant
or Vanuatu Legal Secretary cannot do are:
1) An Vanuatu Paralegal cannot give legal advice.
2) An Vanuatu Paralegal cannot develop the lawyer-client relationship.
3) The Vanuatu Paralegal cannot sign papers on behalf of the client.
4) The Vanuatu Paralegal cannot represent a client in court.
5) The Vanuatu Paralegal cannot set and collect legal lawyer fees.
These functions are considered the practice of law. Different judicial systems have different requirements for Paralegal, Legal Document Assistants ( LDA ) and Legal Secretary. Federal and State laws and judicial system policies are continually under review. When selecting a Vanuatu Paralegal or legal document assistant (LDA) from the Vanuatu Paralegal Directory always ask about the particular constraints in their practicing area. ADR means Alternative Dispute Resolution.
If legal action is necessary, before contacting a Vanuatu Lawyer or Vanuatu Paralegal, we suggest that you educate yourself on Vanuatu law and the legal process by reading the books mentioned in our recommended reading section.


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Cartridge People
Promotional codes, voucher codes and deals 2019
Cartridge People, ink and toner cartridge specialists!
Cartridge People have been supplying ink and toner cartridges to consumers via the web for 10 years. We offer a wide range of exciting special offers and deals on original and compatible toner and ink cartridges for the leading printer brands!
Printers & Ink
Ink Cartridges & Toner
Office Supplies
Cartridge People
£5 off when you spend £50 or more on compatible ink. Excludes Toners.


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Google superfast Internet service heads to Texas
Google Inc said on Tuesday it plans to bring its ultra high-speed Internet and television service to Austin, Texas, next year, prompting AT&T Inc to reveal its own plans to follow suit - if it gets the same terms from local authorities.business Updated: Apr 10, 2013 12:48 IST
Google Inc said on Tuesday it plans to bring its ultra high-speed Internet and television service to Austin, Texas, next year, prompting AT&T Inc to reveal its own plans to follow suit - if it gets the same terms from local authorities.
AT&T appeared to be making a political point to highlight the heavy regulations that encumber traditional phone companies, analysts said.
Google promised to begin connecting homes in Austin by the middle of 2014 with a 1-gigabit-per-second Internet service, roughly 13 times faster than the speediest service AT&T had previously committed to offering and about three times faster than the zippiest available from Verizon Communications.
The Austin launch would be Google's first move to expand its "Google Fiber" service beyond Kansas City, Missouri, introduced last year. Google says the Fiber Internet service is 100 times faster than today's average broadband performance.
But as Google unveiled its plans at an event in Austin that featured Texas Governor Rick Perry, Austin's mayor and other city officials, AT&T issued a challenge to the city to provide a more level playing field.
"AT&T's expanded fiber plans in Austin anticipate it will be granted the same terms and conditions as Google on issues such as geographic scope of offerings, rights of way, permitting, state licenses and any investment incentives," AT&T said in a statement.
The No.2 U.S. telecommunications firm did not provide a time frame for its own planned Gigabit network, which it said would not materially alter its anticipated 2013 capital expenditures.
"AT&T is making the point that they could make a lot more investments in many of their communities, absent the regulatory burdens which every community puts on providers," said Raymond James analyst Frank Louthan.
While Louthan said he did not know what the terms of Google's Austin deal were, he pointed out that Google received various benefits in Kansas City, including preferential right-of-way access, access to data centers, and reduced pole access rates.
"This immediately puts the city of Austin in a box," said Louthan. "They realize that if they actually give that to AT&T and build it, Google may not come."
Austin City spokesman Doug Matthews said there was no "special incentives" for Google. "The negotiated agreement we had with Google, by state law we're obligated to provide to anybody else who wants to offer the same service," Matthews said.
"If AT&T is interested in providing a similar service we're happy to talk to them about that," Matthews said. He noted that Google was committed to connect up to 100 public facilities under the terms of the agreement.
Google, the world's No. 1 Internet search engine, launched its first Google Fiber service in Kansas City in November. The company initially billed the service as a test project to spur development of new Web services and technology but now says it views Google Fiber as a viable business.
The ultra high-speed connections and television offerings are aimed at surpassing those of current providers, such as cable and telecommunications companies, such as AT&T and Time Warner Cable Inc.
As in Kansas City, consumers in Austin will be able to get standalone Gigabit Internet service or a bundle that includes nearly 200 high-definition television channels. Pricing in Austin is still to be determined, Google said.
Google said it will also offer Austin residents free Internet service, at a slower 5 megabit per second rate for seven years, provided they pay a one-time construction fee that was not specified. In Kansas City, the fee is $300.
The city's authorities, as opposed to federal regulators, hold the oversight power over the terms and conditions for AT&T's and Google's projects.
Federal Communications Commission Chairman Julius Genachowski has been a big proponent of growing high-speed internet access across the country and on Tuesday, FCC Commissioner Jessica Rosenworcel welcomed the news from Austin.
"Every effort we can make to make sure we have the highest speeds available is a good one," Rosenworcel said on the sidelines of the National Association of Broadcasters trade show in Las Vegas. "I think it is such an important economic imperative that we need to fire on all fronts at once."
Google shares finished Tuesday up $2.80, or less than 1 percent, at $777.65. Shares of AT&T closed the session up 14 cents, or less than 1 percent, at $37.76.
First Published: Apr 10, 2013 11:25 IST


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IAU and IUGG recommendations
on reference systems and on the IERS
IAU(2000) Resolutions B1 to B3
IAU(1997) Resolutions B1 to B6
B1. On the use of Julian Dates and Modified Julian Dates
B2. Adopting the International Celestial Reference System (ICRS) and
charging the ICRS IAU Working Group (see resolution B4)
B3. On non-rigid Earth Nutation theory
B4. Creating the ICRS Working Group to study and make recommendations on
the consequences of the adoption of the ICRS
B5. On Relativity in Celestial Mechanics and in Astrometry
B6. Encouraging VLBI and LLR observations
IAU(1991) Recommendations I to IX
I. Definition of systems of space-time coordinates within the framework of the General Theory of Relativity
II. Physical structures and quantities that will be used to establish the reference frames and time scales based upon the ideal definition of the system given by Recommendation I
III. Standardisation of the units and origins of coordinate times used in astronomy: Geocentric Coordinate Time (TCG) and Barycentric Coordinate Time (TCB)
V. Use of Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB)
VI. Selection of extragalactic objects on which the conventional celestial barycentric reference system will be based
VII. Definition and realization of the conventional celestial barycentric reference system
VIII. Astronomical quantities, conventions, models, software, etc.
IX. Nutation angles: IAU conventional models and IERS observational results
IUGG(1991) Resolution 2
The Conventional Terrestrial Reference System


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Join SMALLWATER/Beach 96th St. in rebuilding ROCKAWAY!
Fundraiser Overview
Smallwater is a grassroots disaster relief initiative based in the Rockaways at Beach 96th Street. Formed out of necessity in the immediate aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, the initiative is led by a core group of Rockaway residents who are deeply invested in rebuilding a sustainable Rockaway community. What started simply as a donation drop-off center at Veggie Island has evolved into a larger, long-term initiative of community rebuilding. Smallwater's intimate knowledge of the peninsula, its people and its needs allow Smallwater to play the vital lead role of coordinating peninsula-wide volunteer efforts as well as act as a central information, donation collection and distribution center.
Website: www.smallwater.org
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/smallwater.org
Twitter/Instagram: @smallwaterorg
All Donations go directly to:
Hurricane Sandy Relief Initiative
Waves for Water has coordinated a full-fledged Hurricane Relief Initiative in response to Super Storm Sandy that has absolutely decimated the North Eastern seaboard. Though we normally focus on clean… More
Fundraising complete...
You can still donate to one of our projects or make a donation to the general fund.


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Sunday, February 17, 2013
Paris metro sax, or: the difficulty of sound
while watching an online lecture on film and sound, i was reminded of my own experiments with video, and how difficult the sound dimension was sometimes when filming, in addition to the whole task of figuring out how to hold the camera still / or to find a good move to capture the scene. and going through the list of uploaded videos, i remembered this short clip that is all about sound, from my short trip to Paris in 2011.
and as counterpart, here's another mini-clip that is all about sound - yet here, the sound is a natural mountain stream:
things i didn't know about sound and film
the film online lectures starts with the silent black&white films of 1928 and then moves from there to sound and color. it's fascinating to get this glimpse behind the scenes of a medium that now is so all-encompassing. what's especially fascinating is how the technical possibilties changed, and how this influenced film – in the time when there was no sound, film directors developed a way to film stories with speaking a lot in images. and they were very free in how to cut, how to show things, and needed to be experimental and innovative.
and then came sound, and you would think this would make things easier, but first it was harder: to film with sound, you needed to have the sound right there while filming, to tape it simultaneously to have it synchron. so if you had dialogue, you couldn't cut the scenes. it had to be one take. and the cameras and camearmen needed to be in sound proof boxes ("ice boxes") as otherwise you would hear the whizzing sound of the camera later. so it was like one step forward to add a dimension, and 2 steps back with restrictions that come with it. (here's an image of that: film "ice box")
if you are interested, here's more about the film and black/white theme in this blog: Berlin / Hollywood, here's the course link: The Language of Hollywood: Storytelling, Sound, and Color, and here are more of my video moments (mostly from January)
Posted by Dorothee at 2:59 PM
2 comments:
- Jane Hammons said...
great video pairing & thanks for the links!
- February 17, 2013 at 8:12 PM
- Dorothee said...
:) hi Jane, glad you enjoyed. and looking forward to more of your ventures into the video format.
- February 19, 2013 at 7:34 AM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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kb33 needed a new wordpress theme design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 26 designs submitted by 9 freelance designers.
Brand Position
The original, largest and most-trusted baby shoe bronzing company.
Brand Promise
From a mother's most cherished items, we create bronzed keepsakes that last a lifetime with a satisfaction guarantee.
Brand Personality
Quality, dependability, and the lowest prices.
Brand Story
A family business founded in 1934 and now run by the grandson of the "Mother of Baby Shoe Bronzing," American Bronzing is the largest worldwide bronzer having bronzed over 14 million baby shoes.
Tag Line
Preserving your family's most precious memories.
Key words
memories, preserved, precious, tiny steps, sentimental, keepsake, remember, love, baby, child, toddler, family, first steps, baby shoes, bronzing, bronze shoe
U.S. Mothers with children 9-15 months of age.
Produce a new web site that emotionally resonates with new mothers.
Create the best experience for generating a new customer order.
Generate an baby shoe bronzing order.
Design an experience that evokes feelings of confidence and trust in American Bronzing.
Emphasize ease of use and direct visitors toward placing an order.
Present opportunities for visitors to connect with the brand through social media.
Mental imagery
Appeal to a mother's desire to retain a memory of the time her child learned to walk.
Design with curvy lines opposed to sharp angles.
Choose a color palette reminiscent of the beauties of motherhood & preciousness of childhood.
Incorporate bronze (Hex: #CD7F32, RGB: 205, 127, 50), but not too much. Brown should not be a dominant color.
Plan for two product shots & one stock photography 'family' shot on the hope page. Shots to have a white background.
Web Designs We Like
DarasGarden.com – warm and inviting design
Parents.com – good color palette & font choices, curvy shapes, navigation
CoolMomPicks.com – clean look
BabiesOnline.com – nice clean look, but too much green
* Note: Site map & navigation provided separately.
Deliverables Needed
Home page design (Photoshop layered)
Template page design (Photoshop layered)
HTML code to implement in Wordpress.org installation


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[Ronald Reagan Shaking Watt Matthews' Hand]
Description: Photograph of President Ronald Regan congratulating Watt Reynolds Matthews at the Cowboy Hall of Fame. The men are facing the camera shaking hands and standing in front of a blue backdrop. Written on the mat below the photo is the inscription: "To Watt Matthews With Best Wishes - Ronald Regan." Photo is labeled on the back: "Cowboy Hall - July 21, 1989 WATT MATTHEWS."
Date: July 21, 1989
Item Type: Refine your search to only Photograph


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Oral History Interview with James Macia, July 21, 2000
Description: Interview with James "Herb" Macia of San Antonio, Texas, who is a veteran of the United States Armed Forces during World War Two. In the interview, Mr. Thomas recalls memories about growing up as well as his days as a mining engineer, the Doolittle Raid, North Africa, Normandy, and D-Day.
Date: July 21, 2000
Creator: Cox, Floyd & Macia, James


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Question for the Money Doctors
Question submitted on Jun 25, 2013.
QuestionI had filed bankruptcy about 2 years ago. When do you believe is the best time to start looking into buying a home?
Typically following a bankruptcy you should be able to start applying for any government-backed mortgage within 1-2 years or for a conventional loan, within 2-4 years. In the interim, re-establish good credit by paying all your bills on time.
Speaking with several different lenders and explaining your circumstances may help you to negotiate a shorter waiting period and/or lower interest rate as well.
For additional information visit http://www.360financialliteracy.org/


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- Albufeira
- Cascais
- Estoril
- Lagos
- Sao Miguel
- show more Resorts
Ports of Call
- Port of Lisbon
Portugal Travel Information
The Basics
Local time is GMT (GMT +1 from last Sunday in March to Saturday before last Sunday in October).
Electrical current is 230 volts, 50Hz. Round two-pin plugs are used.
Portuguese is the official language, but English is widely spoken and understood.
Travel Health
There are no health risks attached to travel to Portugal. A yellow fever vaccination certificate is necessary for entry for anyone travelling from an infected area and destined for the Azores or Madeira. Health facilities are good and reciprocal health agreements exist with most European countries, including the UK, whose citizens can receive low-cost emergency care at state hospitals. It is advisable that travellers obtain a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) before travel. Dental care and repatriation costs are not covered under this agreement, and medical insurance is therefore advised.
Service charges are not usually added to hotel and restaurant bills but it is customary to leave a 10 percent tip. Bar staff and taxi drivers also expect tips, which usually entails rounding up of the bill to the nearest Euro.
Safety Information
Generally, safety is not a problem for travel in Portugal but there is a rising incidence of petty theft and pick pocketing in tourist areas, so reasonable care should be taken. Portugal has a very poor road safety record so exercise caution and drive defensively when exploring in a rented car.
Local Customs
It is a legal requirement for foreigners to show some form of identification on request.
The Portuguese economy has undergone a major transformation since the Revolution of 1974, from a primarily agricultural infrastructure, to a modern, service-based economy, of a piece with the rest of the European Union. As a result, although the situation is changing every day, business culture in Portugal retains vestiges of paternalism, and of strict hierarchical, 'top-down' approaches to management and leadership. In Portugal, the strongest business relationships are those built on trust of individuals - and as a result, nepotism has (in the past) been seen as an advantageous hiring policy. Be sure to allow time for personal connections to develop between yourself and your Portuguese business associates - familiarity can go a long way toward ensuring success.
Teamwork and collaboration on important decisions is not the norm in Portugal: the accepted management style is more directive, and subordinate employees are more often than not expected to 'do as they're told', rather than to contribute to decision-making processes. Business etiquette in Portugal also displays an interesting mix of formality and easygoingness - with conduct being at once mannered and conservative, yet also warm and relaxed. Use titles ('Señhor' and 'Señhora') until strictly instructed not to do so, and show deference to those in obvious positions of authority. Business meetings in Portugal must be made by appointment - and should not ordinarily be scheduled for times when they might conflict with important family or religious holidays (Christmas, Easter, etc.).
Since the official language of business in the country is Portuguese, it is a good idea to provide translations of all important documents, and/or to engage the services of a translator, to ensure that everyone is on the same page at business meetings. The dress code in Portugal is strictly smart and formal - with a strong emphasis placed on 'looking good'. It is not an unfair statement to say that your status in the business world will be gauged by the way in which you present yourself - go for dark colours, with stylish cuts. Business hours in Portugal vary, but are generally from 8.30am to 1pm, and 3pm to 6pm, from Monday to Friday.
The international access code for Portugal is +351. Pre-paid sim cards can be bought or rented at airports, and wifi is available in most hotels and some restaurants. Internet cafés are available in most towns and resorts.
Duty Free
Travellers over 17 years arriving from non-EU countries do not have to pay duty on 200 cigarettes, 100 cigarrilos, 50 cigars or 250g of tobacco; 4 litres of wine, 16 litres of beer and 1 litre of spirits over 22% or 2 litres of liquor less than 22% volume; 50g of perfume and 250ml of eau de toilette; other goods up to the value of €430 for air and sea travellers.
Our Travel Expert
Steve Masters first visited Portugal in 1989 and, later, lived in Porto for several years before returning to the UK. He speaks the language and is well versed in the culture of Portugal. He currently works on behalf of Rocha Brava, a holiday resort located in the Algarve.
>Read Steve's tips on Portugal
>Ask Steve a question
Become our Portugal Travel Expert
We are looking for contributors for our Portugal travel guide. If you are a local, a regular traveller to Portugal or a travel professional with time to contribute and answer occasional forum questions, please contact us.


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MADRID — Spain's royal palace accounts will be subject to external audits and the results made public under a series of measure ordered by new King Felipe VI in an apparent bid to clean up the royal family's tarnished image.
A Palace statement said Monday that the measures include plans for a new code of good conduct, a ban on immediate royal family members working outside the Palace and greater control of gifts received by the royal family.
Felipe, 46, became king last month after his father, Juan Carlos, announced he was stepping down after a four-decade reign to allow younger royal blood to rally a country trying to shrug off an economic crisis and a 26 percent jobless rate.
However, the palace had become embroiled in several scandals in recent years and Felipe said he intended to restore public trust in the monarchy.
The statement said the royal family will comprise of Felipe, his wife, Queen Letizia, his parents — Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia — and his two children.
Felipe's sisters, Elena and Cristina, will no longer officially be part of the royal family. Although they will retain the title infanta, they will no longer be on the Palace payroll. They can continue to work in the private sector.
The most serious scandal affecting the royal family concerns Cristina, who is a suspect in a corruption and embezzlement investigation centering on her husband.
Cristina, 49, became the first Spanish royal to be questioned in court since the monarchy was restored in 1975 when she testified in the case in February.
Juan Carlos, was held in high esteem for his role in steering Spain from military dictatorship to democracy. He took over the throne in 1975, two days after the death of longtime dictator Gen. Francisco Franco.
But he sparked public anger by taking a secret elephant hunting trip to Botswana in 2012 at the height of Spain's financial crisis.


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CosMedix believes that naturally treating the skin is the best means of anti-aging skincare. A process called Chiral Correction is the basis for a line of skin care products called CosMedix. CosMedix uses a process to purify the ingredients in their products to their most natural, potent form – preventing inflammation, irritation, and premature aging. These products are unique because they are formulated with natural ingredients, such as fruit and vegetable extracts, minerals, essential fats, herbs, and fiber.CosMedix offers a wide variety of skin peels to correct various skin conditions. These natural peels stimulate collagen production without the side effects of harsh, damaging chemicals.
The products in CosMedix SKINutrition line work to remove toxins, restoring a healthy glow to your skin. These products are unique because they are formulated with natural ingredients, such as fruit and vegetable extracts, minerals, essential fats, herbs, and fiber. These ingredients are as good for your skin on the outside, as they are for nutrition inside of your body. CosMedix SKINutrition line works to Balance, Desensitize, Restore, and Neutralize.? There is also a Clarity Supplement available that works to improve acne and encourage collagen production.
CosMedix offers fourteen products to correct and stimulate your skin – enhancing the skin's natural healing process by supporting the external barrier and acting as an anti-inflammatory. Each supplement has exclusive benefits for different needs, such as exfoliating for acne prone skin, skin lightening for hyper-pigmentation, and antioxidants for aging skin.
CosMedix Correct & Repair products are equally important in assisting the skin's natural healing process. From the Benefit Clean gentle cleanser and Phytoclear clarifying moisturizer to the Rescue healing balm and mask, these specialty ingredients cover a wide array of common skin conditions. With the line of sun protection products available through CosMedix, it is easy to reflect potentially harmful ultraviolet radiation. Correct & Protect products provide full spectrum natural UVA/UVB/UVC sun block protection and hydration for all skin types.
CosMedix offers a wide variety of skin peels to correct various skin conditions. These natural peels soothe the skin and stimulate collagen production without the side effects of harsh, damaging chemicals. CosMedix also offers a Physician Only medical strength L-TCA peel that results in much less discomfort and downtime than traditional TCA peels.
These medical strength formulations correct body-specific skin conditions and compliment patient treatment programs administered by dermatologists and aesthetic physicians. Choose from Body Build, Body Lift, Body Clean, and Body Shape.
It is great news that affordable products using chirally corrected ingredients are now available to you. These natural ingredients and products from CosMedix will not harm or damage, but will instead nourish, soothe and correct your skin to its most optimal condition.
Wonderful experience -- the seller had this product on my doorstep the morning after I placed the order! I couldn't believe it. The product was cheaper than if I'd bought it in any store and it was SO convenient. I will definitely purchase high-end skin care products from this seller again. Highest recommendation! Thanks so much.
Loved the service and the product was in great shape when it arrived. It got to my home before the due schedule and I received free samples as well. It was the least expensive of other vendors selling the same product. Even the samples were of great quality.


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Israel News - Stay Informed, Pray Informed
The Orthodox population was in deep mourning on Wednesday afternoon when rabbi Josef Shalom Elyashiv died. He was rabbi of the Lithuanian Orthodoxy for decisions in matters of the Jewish law (Halacha) and one of the greatest Torah scholars of the past few generations. A crowd of more than 250,000 people accompanied him on his last way in Jerusalem; among them were rabbis, politicians, his adherents and thousands of ordinary people.
Rabbi Elyashiv was born in the town of Shavil (Siauliai) in Lithuania in 1910. This was 17 years after his parents got married. However, he personally has about 1,000 descendants. At the age of 20, he got married to the daughter of Rabbi Aryeh Levin. The latter was a famous person in Jerusalem, who cared a lot for the Jewish underground fighters, who were imprisoned by the British. In 1938, he was ordained as rabbi and in 1952, he started his career at the Rabbinic Court, where he fulfilled his tasks for more than 20 years. In 1988, he took his first steps in the field of politics in Israel, when he followed the call of Rabbi Schach to become leader of the Degel HaTorah party, which was founded at that time. In 1999, Rabbi Elyashiv decided to join the government coalition of Prime Minister Ehud Barak with the left-wing Meretz party.
He wanted to intercede in the matter of Orthodox Yeshiva students not being obliged to serve in the military. However, some weeks later he left the coalition due to the fact that the electric power company had transported a bulky part for a power station on Shabbat. He was a staunch opponent of Israel's unilateral withdrawal from the Gaza Strip. In 2009, Rabbi Elyahiv's first great-grandson of the 6th generation was born.
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Sold by: Miraasa (5/5)
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The vintage hand kantha printed silk Jacket patch in cotton is an eclectic mix of art, & craft, composed aesthetically to make a product that is unique in design & style. The Jacket has been tastefully handmade by patching printed silk pieces together with an intricate fine kantha stitch detailing.The jacket is colorful collage of different fabrics DISCLAIMER: Kantha embroidery seen here is one of a kind ,no two products will be exactly alike, colors & patterns of each piece are unique and assorted. The trims will be same as the picture -
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croc is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below.
The word "croc" uses 4 letters: C C O R.
No direct anagrams for croc found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after croc (in bold), or to ccor in any order:
i - croci k - crock s - crocs u - occur
Shorter words found within croc:
cor or orc roc
List shorter words within croc, sorted by length
Words formed from any letters in croc, plus an optional blank or existing letter
Try a search for croc in these online resources (some words may not be found):
Wiktionary - OneLook Dictionaries - Merriam-Webster - Google Search
Each search will normally open in a new window.
List all words starting with croc, words containing croc or words ending with croc
All words formed from croc by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: cr ro oc
Browse words starting with croc by next letter
Previous word in list: croaky
Next word in list: crocein
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J.P. Morgan's Jes Staley Leaves for Firm That Profited on London Whale
Big news out of J.P. Morgan this morning: Jes Staley, long-time confidant and ally of CEO Jamie Dimon is officially leaving.
Staley, long rumored as a possible Dimon replacement, is to become a managing partner at BlueMountain Capital Management.
That means the former investment bank chief, who was moved aside in a management shake-up last July after the bank's 'London Whale' trading loss, is leaving the bank to join one of the very hedge funds that took the opposite side of that trade and profited handsomely.
BlueMountain, a $12 billion credit- and equity derivative focused fund, is run by J.P. Morgan alumni and it later helped the bank exit some of its money-losing positions in synthetic credit derivatives that the London Whale had accumulated.
Staley joins the firm as a managing partner and is buying an equity stake after 34 years at J.P. Morgan.


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Participants retain ownership of funds, receive quarterly statements and have online access to monthly performance reporting. For more information, email the ELCA Foundation to receive a Confidential Disclosure Statement. You can participate with an initial investment of $25,000, and subsequent deposits of $2,000 or more. Fund A does not charge a fee for withdrawals or for opening or closing an account. However, Fund A does assess a monthly management fee.
Contact your regional gift planner to learn more about how Fund A may encourage and increase ministry opportunities within your congregation and community!


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Rankings For Best Internet Marketing Companies Under Different Categories
1st Globally
260 South Doheny Drive, Suite #2 Beverly Hills USA 90211
2nd Globally
112 Zellig, The Custard Factory, Gibb Street,
3rd Globally
Nehru Place New Delhi India 110019
PageTraffic established in the year 2002. The objective of the company is to empower e-business and generate the maximum ROI for its clients. We have expertise in everything that we do. We have served 3000+ clients. We have helped big brands and s .....
4th Globally
1 Yonge St. Suite 1801 Toronto, Ontario M5E 1E5 Canada
Green Lotus is a search engine marketing agency that provides services with effective online marketing strategies. Along with the lead generation solutions, Green Lotus strives to go extra mile with creating, consulting and implementing the approp .....
5th Globally
3750 S Robertson Blvd #200 Los Angeles California USA 90232
6th Globally
Inspire House 8 County Place PH2 8EE
Inspire It Services Ltd was founded to help the small, medium and large businesses to get online presence better. We are based in Perth, Scotland. We design the website of our client as per their needs not ours. We respond to the demand of our cli .....
7th Globally
Melbourne, Victoria
SEO Empire is a complete enthusiastic and passionate team which has years of experience in driving the companies to succeed in their marketing motives. SEO Empire is led by the managing director, Craig Winder who mentor the team members as well as .....
8th Globally
Level 1, 16, McDougall Street
Maybray Digital Pty Ltd is a web designing and digital marketing company located in Brisbane. The company is well known to provide the extraordinary services like content management, work flow automation, e-commerce solution, web designing and dev .....
9th Globally
115 Executive Parkway, Suite 100, Hudson, OH 44236
At Lead to Conversion, we specialize in helping companies of all sizes get more leads and sales through effective web design and online marketing. Lead to Conversi .....
10th Globally
109, Tower 8, Sagar Lake View, Ayodhya Bypass Bhopal India 462021
You really need to give yourself a break if the thing you were searching for, is Medical SEO Company. A list of best medical marketing companies operating in Denmark, is provided here. The list is updated every month so as to include newbies in the listings. The medical SEO firms listed here have been performing great in the same domain for a long period of time. Newbies with really good performances are also included in the listings. The companies are evaluated on the basis of their stability and credibility.
Search Engine Optimization is an ongoing process and needs expert hands. If you are the one who is wondering about doing it on your own, it would prove out to be a bad idea. Choose best medical SEO Company from the list unveiled by 10seos.com and reach your targeted audience. Proceed further for best Medical internet marketing and SEO services.
11th Globally
One Gateway Center, Suite 2600, Newark New Jersey USA 07102
Saffron Edge is a premier Digital Marketing agency based in Newark, NJ with over 10 years of experience that specializes in search engine optimization (SEO), analytics, paid marketing (PPC & Social Media), comprehensive social .....
12th Globally
217, Sheikh Rashid Bldg. P.O Box 56272
Verbat is a digital technology company which expertises in digital commerce, mobile computing, data insights and cloud solutions. We service enterprises across the financial services like Manufacturing, retail, travel, media and technology industr .....
13th Globally
G01, Entrance A, Loft Offices 1 دبي دبي UAE 487177
SEO Sherpa ranked 3 SEO company in Dubai, UAE. We analyze data to determine the exact search volume and competition for the key phrases being searched by your prospects. We help Google to rank you for and position you for best results. We promote .....
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On a cruise, get over the mistaken notion you're on Noah's Ark, where people are already paired two by two. Cruising offers unparalleled opportunities for singles — as well as couples and families — to find friends and make new travel companions.
Think about it: Except for high school or college, when was the last time you were immersed in the same place, among people with similar interests, doing the same thing at the same time? Here are some tips:
Find your tribe before you board: Register with cruisecritic.com. Go to the message boards and find the roll call for your ship. Talk to passengers on your upcoming cruise and arrange to meet onboard.
Choose your ship: Larger ships generally offer more opportunities for socializing: more people, more lounges and designated social directors to help with introductions.
Conjure up conversation starters: While you're still home packing, create a mental list of opening lines. Have you been on this ship before? Why did you choose this cruise? Where's home?
Position yourself: Get thee to the sail-away party. Anyone who is social is going to be there. Strike up conversation in the self-service laundry with captives waiting out a wash or dry cycle. Sit on the empty stool next to someone at the bar.
Enroll in a course: Whether it's history, wine, photography, yoga, cooking or bridge, sign up for a class with people who have common interests.
Break bread: To maximize opportunity, opt for open seating and ask the maitre d' to seat you at the largest table in the dining room. Chat it up with crew and guest lecturers too.
Plan a second encounter: Invite prospects you've met to dinner or for a drink at happy hour. Email them when you get home to make forever friends.


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Festival Tower and tiff Bell Lightbox
Situated atop the tiff Bell Lightbox, the new home of the Toronto International Film Festival Group at King and John, in the heart of Toronto's Entertainment District, Festival Tower is a 'film-inspired' condominium unlike anything else in the world!
Festival Tower residents will be at the heart of the international film community with Early Access and Preferred Pricing to many Festival Centre Events, including private screenings and receptions with world renowned film guests, plus the Tower Club Spa, state-of-the-art private screening room and much more.
Project information
80 John Street , Toronto
Condo, Institutional
515 ft
Two pieces by Peter Powning; cast bronze, slumped glass and video-illuminated "Fantasm" in the lobby, and "Split Rock" outside the yoga studio in the rooftop meditation garden. See http://www.powning.com/peter/public-commissions/
* Involved in this project? Contact us to get a complete listing.


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First of all, you'll have to act promptly. By law, you have only a limited amount of time to take legal action. You'll need to contact your broker first and give him or her the chance to correct the problem. If the broker can't or won't help you, you'll need to take further steps.
You should review the documents you signed when you opened your account. They should describe your appeal process. You should contact the broker's branch manager or regional office manager. Often they will have the authority to intervene and resolve the matter. If not, write to the compliance department of the firm's main office. Explain the problem clearly and tell them how you want it resolved. Ask for a written response within 30 days. Keep thorough notes on each of your conversations, including dates and who you contacted. It is also a good idea to follow up a phone call with a letter.
If you still get no satisfaction, you may want to contact any of the regional or district offices of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to get information about how to file a complaint with any of the offices that oversee the securities industry. The SEC has offices in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Miami, Atlanta, Chicago, Denver, Fort Worth, Salt Lake City, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. You can also file complaints online at the SEC's website (www.sec.gov) or by writing to the SEC Complaint Center, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549.
Finally, if all other efforts have failed, contact your attorney. Your problem may involve criminal behavior or require a securities specialist.
Prepared by Broadridge Investor Communication Solutions, Inc, Copyright 2011


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The Plastridge Insurance Agency has developed a reputation of dedicated service to many
satisfied, long-term South Florida customers since 1919. We
had the phone number "1" until the late 1940's and
we are still the first number you should call for all of your
insurance needs. We have grown to five locations with over 95
employees to better serve you and your family and business.
Most of our growth has occurred in Broward, Palm Beach and
Martin Counties, but we are also licensed in sixteen other
states and can provide insurance coverage anywhere in the world.
Our Vision:
To be the most recognized and trusted community driven insurance agency.
Our Mission:
To consistently exceed clients' expectations by providing comprehensive insurance and risk management solutions through empowering an outstanding team of employees, developing exceptional insurance company relationships, and building community trust and recognition.


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€17.00 €8.50
The Mi-Pac canvas Kit Bag in Black offers a luxurious and durable alternative to our backpacks. Made from a tough and durable canvas construction, this fully lined spacious bag offers enough room to store your kit, whilst the internal zipped pocket provides security for your valuables. The matching rope strap ends are cleverly concealed inside the bag for a sleek finish. The metal D-ring on the reverse of this style is a great place to store your keys or even hang your bag up in the changing room!
For more information check out our Delivery page and Returns page


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'90210' Season 5 Scoop: Meet Annie's New Man — First Photo
Look away, 'Lannie' shippers! Annie will be rolling with a new man when the show returns Oct. 8 on The CW.
Every girl dreams of landing a guy with a mean set of wheels, and it looks like that's exactly what Annie (Shenae Grimes) is doing in the fifth season of 90210. Shenae was spotted earlier this week in Los Angeles filming with new co-star Riley Smith, who is joining the cast this season as a love interest for the former call girl.
You might think Riley's character being wheelchair-bound would impede Annie from dating him, but as all fans know, she loves a challenge. (Remember when she dated that priest? And that drug dealer? And her ex-boyfriend's half brother?)
Shenae's on-screen brother Tristan Wilds was also spotted filming, fueling speculation that Dixon survives his car crash — and comes out looking better than ever, apparently.
HollywoodLife.com's sister site TVLine initially broke the news of Riley's casting.
What say you, 90210-ers? Would you like to see Annie finally find love with Riley's character, or would you rather she cut the nonsense and get back with Liam? Drop me a comment with your hopes and dreams for season five!
— Andy Swift
More 90210 season 5 scoop:


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BlackBerry's first BlackBerry 10 powered smartphone, the Z10, is slowly working its way around the globe. Starting off on sale in the UK, before heading into Canada and now into the US, the handset is eagerly awaited not just for the new operating system, but also because it represents either the next generation of BlackBerry hardware or a 'Hail Mary' pass deep into the consumer market.
Having had a BlackBerry Z10 review unit for two days now, what follows are my impressions of the Z10, with a detailed review to follow next week.
There's nothing surprising at all on offer in terms of chips - the Z10 runs on a 1.5 GHz dual-core processors. US models will have Qualcomm chips for LTE support, while my EU unit has a CPU from Texas instruments, giving it 4G capability on the networks here in the United Kingdom. There's 2GB of RAM, and 16GB of internal storage, with microSDXC support for additional storage.
BlackBerry has made a lot of fuss over the camera software, and with an 8 megapixel shooter for images and 1080p video it certainly matches the expected specifications of a top end smartphone. Notably the forward facing camera is rated to shoot 720p video, which is going to be of interest for people who make heavy use of video calling , or self-shot videos.
If you wanted the definition of an off-the-shelf smartphone in terms of on-board technology, the Z10 would suffice.
Just as Microsoft presented a fresh look at how people interact with their phones, so has BlackBerry. The new BlackBerry 10 operating system is built around touch based gestures. By swiping your finger in from the edge of the screen you can perform various actions, such as bringing up the app-switcher and app-launcher screen, an extended menu of options, of take yourself to the BlackBerry Hub, which is where you will find a tailored list of all incoming communications and alerts.
In many cases this is the only way to reach a function, the Z10 has a distinct lack of buttons around the edges of the handset (volume, power, and camera) and there are no buttons at all on the face of the unit.
This is taking a fair bit of getting used to. Even with my experiences on an Apple track-pad and other touch screen smartphones, the unique nature of the gestures forces me to think about what I want to do. I'll be taking note to see if this improves over time.
It certainly gives the Z10 something that is different, but as Microsoft has found out, sometimes your UI can be too different to be accepted. I think BB10 is less of a jump for iOS and Android users coming to the handset than say the Windows Phone 8 powered Lumia 920.
One thing that has surprised me in my first day or so with the Z10 is the consistency of the UI, or the lack of it. Most of the time UI elements are in the same place, but there are moments when this does not happen. The left-most item in the lower menu bar generally shows up as a 'back' button, but it is not universally a back button. Other times this area brings up a list of folders or views for the user to choose from.
Out of the box BlackBerry 10 is not an easy UI to get used to. iOS is probably the king here, although both Android, and especially Windows Phone, have an internal consistency which helps new users along the way. My experience of the Z10 is that you will have some frustration over the first day trying to remember what swipe to do something, and where you'll find the right menu options (on the right, on the lower menu bar, or in the additional settings choice in the top menu bar swiped in).
I'm sure I'll get used to it, but it's a steeper learning curve than I was expecting.
The good news is that the Z10 battery is removable. The bad news comes in two parts. The first is that it's only 1800 mAh, which is relatively small compared to other phones in the same category. Even the approaching one year old Samsung Galaxy S3 has 2100 mAh to play with and get you through the day.
The second is that BB10 is not as frugal with battery life as other operating systems, and while the BlackBerry team is aware of the issues of endurance, it's not a top priority to address in any OS or firmware updates. The battery bar seems to drop rather quickly for me, and on the first full day 'at the office' I was looking to hook up to a microUSB charger rather quickly.
Finally for this initial impressions, the Z10 does feel like a BlackBerry. By that I mean there's a red LED that blinks whenever you have an incoming message. Times have moved on since email was King, but they still light up the LED. Twitter direct messages light it up as well. So do Facebook IM's, mails in LinkedIn, and all your existing contacts from BlackBerry Messenger. That's rather a lot of LED flashing and alert tones throughout the day.
In that sense BlackBerry is back. Now to find the filters so I can turn some of them down!
Any questions or points you want me to address, get in touch with me via Twitter, @Ewan.
Disclosure: This review BlackBerry Z10 was loaned by Phones 4u. Based in the UK, Phones 4u stocks the black and white Z10 variants online and in their retail stores.


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Application Procedures and Admission Requirements
The following abbreviations are used throughout this section and are defined as follows:
Ontario Secondary School Diploma Applicants
Decisions on admission to Year 1 will normally be based on the following criteria:
Admission to the Brantford campus is governed by the rules and regulations of Wilfrid Laurier University. The applications are administered through the Recruitment & Admissions Office at the Waterloo Campus. Refer to the section Application Procedures.For information regarding College Articulation Agreements, refer to University/College Combination Programs in the Brantford Campus section.
Wilfrid Laurier University does not have a policy specifically for mature students. Laurier will consider you an Adult Student under the following circumstances:
Admission Requirements:
Note that the normal application process must be followed.
Admission Condition:
Registration Conditions:
Adult Students Transferring from Part-time to Full-time Studies
Students registered at another university wishing to take courses for transfer credit to their home university may register on a Letter of Permission. Visit the Office of the Registrar website for more information.
Note: We cannot guarantee space in courses for students from another university.
If you wish to attend classes without receiving academic credit, you must self-identify as an audit student. Tuition fees are normally half the regular course fee, with a few exceptions where full course fees are applied. Fees are not refundable (see course costs).
Audit students do not write midterm or final examinations, but may participate in classes to the extent allowed or required by the course professor.
Contact the Recruitment & Admissions Office at firstname.lastname@example.com for application procedures and deadlines.
If you are a current Laurier Faculty or Staff member and wish to take courses, contact the Recruitment & Admissions Office at email@example.com for application procedures and deadlines.
Applicants who are 60 years of age or older will be admitted to part-time studies regardless of previous academic background. They may register in courses for credit or register as audit students. The normal academic regulations will apply.
Applicants 60 years or older may also be admitted to full-time studies on an individual basis. Tuition fees only will be waived for Senior citizens (60 years of age by start date of lectures). Contact the Recruitment & Admissions Office at email@example.com for application procedures and deadlines.
Students applying from outside Ontario will be required to present evidence of equivalent standing, including those required courses listed in the section Ontario Secondary School Applicants Program Specific Requirements. Academic standings deemed to be equivalent are listed in the previous section Academic Course Equivalencies - Out of Province Specific Requirements.
It is your responsibility to ensure that your application information is truthful, complete and correct. If any information in your application is determined to be false or misleading, concealed or withheld, your application may be invalid and this could result in immediate refusal of further admission consideration, or revocation of an offer of admission and de-registration in all courses at Laurier. Students are required to produce documentation verifying their identity, once on campus.
Academic & Related Dates 2015/2016
Other Calendars


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Personalized Cutting Board, Grooved made with Maple wood
This board is large enough to be used as a carving board, at the counter, and attractive enough to make its way to the table. This rectangular maple cutting board, with its rounded ends, is a beautiful and functional addition to any kitchen.
A good hardwood cutting board, is a great investment. It provides a durable and practical cutting surface. A wood cutting board will not dull your knives, it looks great and it is a natural product. Whether you are cutting meat, vegetables, breads or cheese, a wood cutting board is an essential tool in any kitchen.
This beautiful maple cutting board is easy to maintain, simply wash with warm water, rinse and let dry. Applying our cutting board oil regularly. The cutting board comes with a complete care and maintenance instructions.
Juice Groove
Groove on same side as engraving: Many customers love the way the groove forms a natural frame for the artwork. If you think this board will be mostly enjoyed for its ornamental aspects, this option might make more sense. This is our default setting, and is as it is shown in the pictures.
Groove on opposite side of engraving: If you want a more functional board that has a catcher for meat and other juice runoff, select this option. The user may go years without ever using their knife on the engraved side. However, the engraving will appear on the completely flat side of the board, which may be slightly less visually interesting.
Returns Policy
You may return most new, unopened items within 30 days of delivery for a full refund. We'll also pay the return shipping costs if the return is a result of our error (you received an incorrect or defective item, etc.).
You should expect to receive your refund within four weeks of giving your package to the return shipper, however, in many cases you will receive a refund more quickly. This time period includes the transit time for us to receive your return from the shipper (5 to 10 business days), the time it takes us to process your return once we receive it (3 to 5 business days), and the time it takes your bank to process our refund request (5 to 10 business days).
If you need to return an item, simply login to your account, view the order using the "Complete Orders" link under the My Account menu and click the Return Item(s) button. We'll notify you via e-mail of your refund once we've received and processed the returned item.
We can ship to virtually any address in the world. Note that there are restrictions on some products, and some products cannot be shipped to international destinations.
When you place an order, we will estimate shipping and delivery dates for you based on the availability of your items and the shipping options you choose. Depending on the shipping provider you choose, shipping date estimates may appear on the shipping quotes page.
Please also note that the shipping rates for many items we sell are weight-based. The weight of any such item can be found on its detail page. To reflect the policies of the shipping companies we use, all weights will be rounded up to the next full pound.


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On GPL Compliance, Android Tablets Get an 'F'
Jan 10, 2011 5:00 AM PT
There seems to be no stopping the current avalanche of Android tablets -- just look through the CES announcements for a not-so-small sampling -- and that's undoubtedly a good thing for Linux.
A shadow was recently cast upon that otherwise sunny landscape, however, in the form of a report examining said tablets' GPL compliance.
"The GPL requires that vendors either provide the source code to the GPL components with the device, or alternatively to provide a written offer to provide the source code upon request," explained Red Hat employee and Linux kernel developer Matthew Garrett in an introduction to his analysis of today's Android tablets. "Distributing devices without adhering to the copyright license of the associated software is copyright infringement, and doing so commercially is a criminal act in many countries."
'Utter Failure'
So how do today's tablets fare when it comes to the GPL? Let's just say there are an awful lot of "No's" on Garrett's list.
Overall, the tablets range "from 'utter failure' to 'pretty good,'" Garrett wrote recently in a blog post describing his results. The "vast majority," however, "are shipping without any source being made available, and that includes devices from well-known vendors. It's pretty much a given from the ones you've never heard of."
In other words, the scales are tipping heavily toward the "utter failure" end, it seems. And that's not a good thing.
"Take take take," wrote gilesjuk on Slashdot, where a lively discussion of the problem soon ensued. "That sums up most Android vendors, they develop their own GUIs and improvements and don't give much or anything back to the project. Hardly in the spirit of open source is it?"
'Very Illegal, Like Stealing Code'
Indeed, "even though I have not contributed one line of code, I'm still affected by it as a software developer," opined obarel. "I earn my living by writing software for my company. I do not use GPL because I know it's illegal not to publish the code, and my company cannot afford to publish our code, due to competition.
"This means that my company invests time and money (which directly affects my livelihood due to competition) into software development, while other, larger companies just take GPL'ed code and use it without fear (and without any intention to release their code)," obarel continued. "So they have an unfair advantage over my company. It's unfair, because what they do is illegal.... very illegal, like stealing code from a competitor."
Other opinions in the Linux blogosphere were just as strong, so Linux Girl knew it was time to learn more.
'A Serious Problem'
"From a user's perspective, it is not an immediate issue; from a developer's or legal perspective, it has the potential to be a massive issue," Slashdot blogger Eldavojohn told Linux Girl. "If the developers haven't taken the time to carefully package their code apart from the Android software (or if this is impossible by virtue of their 'improvements') then you're talking about a serious problem, an example of which can be found here."
In such cases, "I think litigation should be considered if the company fails to comply, as we need to treat the GPL with the same respect that we treat copyright with," Eldavojohn added. "The GPL is a license just like the license for Windows 7 -- it's just as serious a violation to not comply with that as it is to download a cracked version of Windows."
For devices using unmodified Android, "I think etiquette needs to be established with their users, because there's different levels of compliance, all seemingly in use in some way today," Eldavojohn said.
Both GBP v2 and v3 stipulate that even if a company did not modify the code, it should acquire the source of the GPL software version and release it to customers with its own product, Eldavojohn pointed out.
"The big question is whether or not the community wants to make bad business with foreign developers and manufacturers that are really just too lazy/ignorant to realize what they are doing," he concluded. "Of course, nobody gets away with that defense when a business comes knocking about a license violation, but holding your users' feet to the fire never turns out well."
'Compliance Follows Eventually'
Blogger Robert Pogson saw less urgency.
"This is as much a concern as the Tivo situation," Pogson began.
"To the extent that OEMs are distributing Android as issued by Google, it may be internally documented that Google or kernel.org has the source on-line; to the extent that OEMs modify GPLed stuff, they should publish the source code," Pogson asserted. "It is not clear to me that GPL is being violated with the information available."
In short, "I doubt this is much of an urgent concern," he concluded. "Experience has been that compliance follows eventually. It's just not the first priority for many -- they are rushing things to market and the source code is probably in flux until a few weeks before release."
Ultimately, "the mobile environment could benefit by the use of distros and packaging technology that could provide updates and access to source code in the same process," Pogson added.
Alternatively: "I suspect that the only way to solve the problem will be for Google to offer a standard set of files that handset makers must include somewhere on their website," Montreal consultant and Slashdot blogger Gerhard Mack suggested.
'Google Is No Friend of FOSS'
Slashdot blogger hairyfeet, however, wasn't so sure Google will be part of the solution.
"Notice how Google ONLY USED GPL V2 software?" he began. "Why is that? One word: TiVo. GPL V2 allows you to 'TiVo' a device, making GPL completely useless. This is a BIG LOSS for the folks that support GPL."
Google, in other words, is "NO friend of FOSS; it is NO DIFFERENT than any other multinational," hairyfeet opined. "Sure they donate some code, but if they turn around and TiVo the most significant chance FOSS has had to gain traction, what is the point?
"Now Google will keep all those embedded apps and kernel firmly GPL V2," he predicted. "Google has more than enough cash to simply update the GPL V2 version, allowing them and their buds to keep TiVoing anything they please."
That, in fact, "is why RMS created GPL V3, and as much as I hate to agree with that man I gotta go with him," hairyfeet concluded. "This is a good lesson to FOSSies: There is NO major multinational corporation that is your friend! If it comes down to your freedom or their profits, YOU WILL LOSE."
'GPL Compatible' Stickers
Barbara Hudson, a blogger on Slashdot who goes by "Tom" on the site, could see a silver lining.
"This sounds like yet another 'good news, bad news' joke," Hudson began. "First, the good news: There are plenty of linux tablets hitting the market. Now the bad news: Many of them are not compliant with the GPL."
The "great" news, however, is that "GPL compliance seems to be a quick and dirty way to weed out the tablets that aren't worth looking at from a quality standpoint," Hudson told Linux Girl. "I would have to say that the GPL, like the Internet, routes around damage."
Next, "all it takes is for manufacturers who ARE compliant to start putting 'GPL compatible' stickers on their packaging," she suggested. "Even someone who doesn't know what the GPL is will start equating the GPL with 'a better quality product.'
"Never underestimate the power of a sticker," Hudson concluded. "Look at all the laptops that were sold because of a 'Vista compatible' sticker."


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BOBST will install prototypes in 2015 of the new digital technology for the corrugated packaging industry – offering new and exciting business opportunities to both packaging manufacturers and brand owners alike.
Faster time to market
Unrivalled production speed and the ability to print just what is needed, when needed.
Printing quality
Over 50 billion drops continuously circulating every second without clogging, ensuring high image consistency and brand integrity.
Customization / Versioning
Digital marketing reaches new heights with digital printing. Promotion, personalization, versioning: all are possible.
Digital printing enables savings in substrates, obsolete inventory, ink and tooling.
Food safety
BOBST digital solutions use food compliant ink that is water-based, solventless, and odorless.
Variable data
For optimum traceability and enhanced consumer interactivity.
What we call extended packaging – using technologies such as QR codes (Quick Response codes) among others – opens up a range of exciting new possibilities for brand owners, from consumer engagement to brand protection. By using their mobile phone to scan a QR code on packaging, consumers can receive personalized information about a product such as its ingredients or components, ways to use it, complementary products, value chain or environmental information, or might gain access to loyalty schemes, competitions or social networking communities. For the brand owner, extended packaging brings marketing and engagement possibilities such as these along with the opportunity to verify the authenticity of their product to prevent counterfeiting and so guarantee that the customer will get the promised quality.
The implications for packaging manufacturers are many. Firstly, digital printing is central to being able to deliver extended packaging and BOBST is working with partners on innovative industrial digital solutions that will offer packaging makers unique opportunities to expand their businesses. Secondly, the trend towards smaller batch sizes, with the subsequent need to further reduce changeover times, will continue to put pressure on packaging manufacturers. Equipment suppliers such as BOBST will need to respond to this challenge with new ideas and refinements of existing ones to help its customers rise to the challenge.


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June 2, 2000
The new vaccine will be taken orally, and could possibly cost less than $1 per dose to produce.
Several aspects of this technology are particularly important:
The salmonella bacterium "knows its way around the gut," and delivers the selected DNA directly to dendritic cells in the intestinal mucosa, which may be particularly effective for providing "mucosal immunity" to prevent HIV infection. This is important for blocking sexual transmission of the virus.
This vaccine is well along in its development, but clinical trials are still more than a year away. The first trials will take place in Baltimore and in Uganda, where the Ministry of Health is an active participant in this program. One trial will compare this vaccine head to head against an injected formulation which uses the same active ingredients but a very different delivery system -- a vaccine also being funded by IAVI.
"The driving force for this decade-long effort [to create the new vaccine] has been the development of a simple delivery system for an HIV vaccine that can be administered without needles and that can be afforded by developing nations. Salmonella-DNA has these attributes built in from the start. We are extremely excited now to be able to evaluate this strategy in human volunteers," said Dr. George Lewis, Director of the IHV Division of Vaccine Research.
For more information on the Institute of Human Virology, see http://www.ihv.org; for information on IAVI, see http://www.iavi.org.
Copyright 2000 by John S. James. Permission granted for noncommercial reproduction, provided that our address and phone number are included if more than short quotations are used.
Back to the AIDS Treatment News June 2, 2000 contents page.
The content on this page is free of advertiser influence and was produced by our editorial team. See our content and advertising policies.


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12 hour overnight (Private Hire)
- 天數: 12 小時 (左右)
- 位置: Cairns, QLD
We welcome aboard the "Sir Reel", our 58ft Conquest vessel, purpose built for fishing in total comfort and safety. "Sir Reel" can accommodate up to 20 guests on our charters.
Leaving the Marlin Marina in Cairns CBD, our roving permits allows our experienced skipper to take us to where the fish are biting. We generally fish around 20 nautical miles off the stunning Tropical North Queensland coast, moving between the most active fishing spots during the evening.
Unlike other operators, we crew our boat so if the fishing goes off the boil, we simply shift spots at any time necessary through the night. This enables maximum opportunity for our clients to capitalize on the exceptional fishing on offer!
Limited to Friday and Saturday Night Departures. Private Charters are available on request.
Check In:
5.30pm On The Vessel, Berth 29 E Finger, Cairns Marina
Departure / return:
6.30pm Sharp. Returns 6.00am the following morning (12 Hour overnight trip)
What's Included in your Day:
- Refreshments on Arrival
- Morning Tea
- Supper - BBQ, cold meat green salads, Bread Rolls. Your fish can also be cooked on the BBQ if you so desire.
- Filtered Drinking Water
- Top Quality Rods & Reels
- Fishing Tackle
- Fishing Bait
- Ice to store your catch
- Bunks available if you need a nap, but you are welcome to fish all night!
- Hat & Sunscreen
- Camera
- Warm Jacket in cooler months
- Specialty Lures / Tackle etc...
- BYO Alcohol (Cans Only)
- Cash for additional refreshments
We think a more relevant question would be what won't I catch? There is literally a plethora of diversity on offer out there. While targeting the iconic Coral Trout and fighting red emperor and nannygai, species such as spangled emperor, cobia, cod, green job fish, mangrove jack (reef jacks) are a common and most welcome by-catch during these dedicated sessions.


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Conventional software applications reside directly within the computer's operating system. Applications built on the once:radix platform are different. Based on a new breed of software called Rich Internet Applications, they have the features and functionality of traditional desktop applications, but operate entirely within a browser environment. This offers many more features than conventional internet applications.
In most browser applications, the web server merges fixed text and images with database records to create static HTML pages.
These pages, when rendered by the browser, can perform limited operations such as submit data and link to other pages.
Websites built using the once:webAPI Application Programming Interface are good examples of this type of application.
While conventional internet applications are effective when delivering simple tables of information, they lack the flexibility to provide the scope of Rich Internet Applications, as are created using once:radix.
once:radix is similar to a client-server environment. The key difference is that the user experience occurs entirely withing a web browser. once:secureserver (oSS) includes an industry-standard SQL database, an application server and report generator. It hosts the application you create as sets of XML block files, images and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
The first time a screen layout is requested after the server has been restarted, there is a short delay while the server transforms the XML block into XHTML and Javascript, then caches it for faster response on subsequent requests for that layout. The XHTML, Javascript and CSS are downloaded, stored then rendered by the once:client application (oCLI) on the screen.
oCLI also manages the transfer of data between your application's screen layouts and the server's database.
The application is created using another browser-resident application the once:editor (oED). once:radix is the first system of its kind to incorporate all of these functions in a single, integrated environment.
If once:radix only combined integrated server, editor and client in a single browser-based application that would be impressive enough. But the story doesn't end there. It includes other functions that make the creation and delivery of a rich internet experience to users of enterprise applications.
once:help (oHELP) delivers context-sensitive help pages that can be linked to your application pages, simply by assigning the pages a name that matches the Block name. oHELP employs Apache Lucene to provide fast search functions when users need to locate information within the help pages.
Logging on is a sophisticated process that supports multiple Owner Organizations sharing the same server. once:logon (oLOGON) supports public user creation, secure logon, management of user preferences and more.
The once:radix system (which is the powerhouse of developer applications) is similar in operation to conventional computer programs. Users interact with the database using programmed functions such as complex searching, data entry and editing, based on tools that support the system's business rules.
Note: This environment comes with a new set of rules that apply when operating within a browser. Once you have mastered a few small differences in the way you interact with your browser, you will find applications built using once:radix to be powerful, easy to learn and convenient.
Unlike most applications, which are resident directly within the computer's operating system, applications hosted by oCLI operate within the environment of a web browser. Browser-resident applications function differently to normal HTML web pages, for example:
So when browsing records in the system you cannot retrace or revisit records by clicking the Back or Forward buttons on the browser toolbar. Do not use these functions.
A Shift - Reload operation clears the browser cache, then reloads the once:client (oCLI) application.
Note: This should be done whenever you are advised that oCLI has been updated.
In summary, always use scripted navigation buttons to move through records and the Top Menu to move between pages.


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Residential construction in Lake Nona outpaced that of all other master-planned communities in the four-county Orlando area during the past year, according to a new report.
The southeast Orlando development, which includes the Medical City of hospitals and research centers, closed on 415 new homes during the second quarter. Builders there started work on 464 new houses during the quarter, according to MetroStudy Director Anthony Crocco.
Overall, residential construction has been flat at best in Orange, Seminole, Lake and Osceola counties.
"The market has weakened a bit. There is more inventory there — more specs," Crocco told an audience of...


text:
North Carolina History
Timeline of North Carolina History
North Carolina County Development Time Map, 1664-1911
Browse by time period
- Precolonial Period (pre-1600)
- Colonial Period (1600-1763)
- American Revolution (1763-1789)
- Early Statehood (1789-1820)
- Antebellum (1820-1861)
- Civil War (1861-1865)
- Reconstruction (1865-1876)
- Gilded Age (1876-1900)
- N.C. Industrial Revolution (1900-1929)
- World War I (1914-1918)
- Great Depression (1929-1941)
- World War II (1941-1945)
- Post WWII 20th Century (1946-2000)
- 21st Century (2001-present)
23 September 2010 | Anonymous
What are some interesting
What are some interesting facts about North Carolina
There are a lot of intersting facts about North Carolina! You might be interested in these pages:
Fast Facts (from NCpedia): http://www.ncpedia.org/about/quickfacts
NC Fun Facts (from the Secretary of State of NC): https://www.sosnc.gov/kidspg/facts.htm
I hope this helps!
Kelly Agan, Government & Heritage Library
What Native American tribes
What Native American tribes came from craven county and which family name are connected to the tribes, are the Fenner family any connection??
Hi Regina,
Hi Regina,
Thank you for visiting NCpedia and taking time to share your question. I have also posted this reply to an additional related post you made on NCpedia.
Unfortunately, we do not have any information about specific family names associated with tribes in Craven County. I have also looked to see if there are any lists of names associated with tribes and do not readily find anything. However, I can provide a few resources that might help:
- Here is a link to and NCpedia article that includes a map showing generally the location of tribes in the area at the time of European contact: http://ncpedia.org/history/early/native-settlement
- In addition, here is a link to an NCpedia showing the contemporary tribes in North Carolina that have been recognized by the state, and it includes general mention of the counties where they are located: http://ncpedia.org/tribes
If you are interested in researching your family history, I can recommend a few other resources that might help.
- Here is the genealogy resource page at the State Library of North Carolina: http://statelibrary.ncdcr.gov/ghl/resources/genealogy.html
- On this page you'll find information about resources at the State Library as well as an introductory self-paced online course called "Roots MOOC."
- This course provides a free introduction to getting started in genealogy and you might find it helpful: http://statelibrary.ncdcr.gov/ghl/resources/rootsMOOC.html
If you happen to be in North Carolina, you can also visit the library at 109 E. Jones Street and we would be glad to help you get started in your family history search. You'll find contact information and our operating hours on the website: http://statelibrary.ncdcr.gov/visit.html
I hope this helps. Please let me know if I can help with any additional questions.
Best wishes,
Kelly Agan, NC Government & Heritage Library
I wrote an article for the
I wrote an article for the 2010 THJH that was an overview about the great Depression in the state. The link on this site to Great Depression articles misdirects to the Industrial Revolution. Is there a way for me to see my article online? Thanks!
Thank you for the feedback
Thank you for the feedback about the link! I appreciate it and have corrected it.
I have sent you an email to connect you with the Tar Heel Junior Historian. It does not appear that your article is one we have reprinted in NCpedia, so they may know if it is available elsewhere.
Thank you for taking the time to post your inquiry, and thank you for using NCpedia!
Michelle Underhill, NC Government & Heritage Library
I am doing a report on NC and
I am doing a report on NC and how the economy has changed from colonial to present times. Please help me im lost!!!!
Here are some NCpedia articles that might help:
- Economy: brief background article on North Carolina's economy from colonial times to the 2000s, http://ncpedia.org/economy/colonial-to-2004
- Articles on currency (money) in North Carolina from colonial times to the Civil War: http://ncpedia.org/currency
- Economic panics: http://ncpedia.org/panics-economic
- Mercantilism: http://ncpedia.org/mercantilism
- Link to list of economics topics in NCpedia with links to articles: http://ncpedia.org/industry. You can also see a number of topics of interest there including different types of industries in NC history (furniture, textiles, tobacco, agriculture)
I hope this helps! Please post back if you need additional help finding information.
Best wishes,
Kelly Agan, NC Government & Heritage Library
I was wondering, When did europeans started to explore the land of NC?
Any info. is helpful!
Hi Elizabeth,
Hi Elizabeth,
Here is a link to a multi-part article on European Exploration -- http://ncpedia.org/exploration-european.
Please let us know if you need more help finding information.
Best wishes,
Kelly Agan, NC Government & Heritage Library
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