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How easy it is to subscribe to the proverb 'Fathers ate sour grapes and teeth of children are set on edge.' I do not share this view of anyone being called out to pay for the wrongdoing of another. Payback time of each ls closely hidden elsewhere and Law in most cases may render justice to the wronged. It is possible that some may escape from Law but will pay back just the same in ways he or she shall never foresee.
Law can only do so much but no further.
Is there then any moral lesson to be learned here?
Had Bernard Madoff known what his fraud would lead to he would have gone to some other business or a nine to five job that would lay no temptation before him. King Midas would not have laid much trust either in gold had he thought his daughter's life was of worth.
Man is a funny animal and when young and his blood is in rage he deceives himself he lives a charmed existence. He thinks luck is on his side as an incorrigible gambler might. Madoff and King Midas, I suspect were similarly deceived. We are easily fooled to think we can get away with privileges, wealth or fame without paying back anything that is worthwhile and genuine. Ben Franklin as child wanted a penny whistle so badly. After buying it he realized he paid far too high price for it. The joy of possessing the whistle was killed by the thought he played the fool. He seems to have thrown it away in vexation. This is how we are shortchanged by our ill-advised actions. Madoff for all his cleverness didn't realize the shame and tragedy would engulf him as a result. I am sure he must be kicking himself and wonder,'If only I could turn back the time!'
Life can be drunk only moderately and to be drunk senseless is to invite trouble not only to you and many others whose lives touch yours.
When life sets sweet wine free it is not smart either to stick to water. Life is such that to be sparing is to belittle your capacity to experience or to be of use to others. When life warms you all over it is worth your while to enjoy life in all its varieties so having kept your head and understood life in its many aspects you may be able to guide those around you to higher level of actions and thoughts. Instead some feel like a dyspeptic griping of things that they really have no idea of. Neither too much or too little will do.
Safest way is to sharpen your wits while you are open to such wisdom and guidance. Later when you sit with all sorts of fellows you may avoid being taken in. Money is to be made and spent without being caught out as a fool by your actions. As in the case of Madoff he wanted to make much more than was good for him. He didn't know himself or members of his family whether his greed they could handle. It was his tragedy.
Here is a piece of news:
NEW YORK – Imprisoned financier Bernard Madoff won't seek to attend his son's funeral out of consideration for the privacy of his son's wife and four children, his lawyer said Monday.
Attorney Ira Sorkin said Madoff instead will mourn privately at the North Carolina prison where he's serving a 150-year sentence for his fraud conviction in what authorities have called history's largest Ponzi scheme.
Madoff's older son, Mark Madoff, 46, hanged himself early Saturday in his Manhattan apartment two years after his father was charged with fraud.
Ack: Larry Neumeister, Associated Press)


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An aggregation of vestimentiferan tubeworms (Lamellibrachia sp.)., hydroids (
small stalked animals), and numerous copepods.
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Reel in a Box is Corning's innovative packaging solution for small reels of fiber optic cable in all inside plant applications, such as collocation data centers and wireless projects. This packaging solution provides features that enable our customers greater efficiencies than before.
Corning MIC® riser cables are designed for use in riser and general purpose environments for intrabuilding backbone and horizontal installations. These multifiber cables use 900 μm TBII® buffered fibers to enable easy, consistent stripping and facilitate termination.
The fibers are surrounded by water-resistant, dielectric strength members and protected by a flexible, flame-retardant outer jacket. These cables meet the application requirements of the National Electrical Code (NEC Article 770) and are OFNR and FT-4 listed and comply with the ICEA S-104-696 tests. The all-dielectric cable construction requires no grounding or bonding, and the small diameter and bend radius allow easy installation in space-constrained areas
Features And Benefits
• Fiber Count: 4
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• Fiber Length : 150 m (500 ft)
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• Max. Tensile Strength, Short-Term 660 N (150 lbf) / Long-Term 200 N (45 lbf)
• Wavelengths : 850 nm / 1300 nm
• Maximum Attenuation : 3.4 db/km / 1 db/km
• Serial 1 Gigabit Ethernet : 300 m / 550 m
• Serial 10 Gigabit Ethernet : 33 m / -
• Min. Overfilled Launch (OFL) Bandwidth : 200 MHz*km / 500 MHz*km
• Minimum Effective Modal Bandwidth (EMB) : 220 MHz*km / -
• "Countdown" print indicates available cable remaining on the reel providing easier inventory management
• Stackable boxes make storage more manageable
• Smaller reel offerings mean smaller cable lengths than would normally be available
• Cable cutting at Corning lowers operating expenses for our distributors and end users


text:
Selected Clear AllResearch Type - Insights Research by Market - Automotive Technology Research by Market - Displays Research by Market - Enterprise & IT Category - Digital Signage
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LED videowalls – Fine pitch LED video technology trends in digital signageApril 18, 2019With the introduction of many different types of fine pixel pitch LED displays surfacing in the digital signage market, there can be confusion on how to differentiate these types of LED products. For digital signage applications, IHS Markit emphasizes a greater focus on pixel pitch rather than chip size, but we still want to provide clarity on how we classify mini LED versus micro LED.Subscribers Only
ISE (Integrated Systems Europe) - 2019February 26, 2019The annual ISE (Integrated Systems Europe) event in Amsterdam maintains its position as the world's largest digital signage equipment and systems integration exhibition.
Leyard and NEC Expand Product Portfolios by Adding New Direct-View LED Video DisplaysSeptember 28, 2016IHS comments on Leyard and NEC's latest product announcements and the sub 1mm pixel pitch LED Video market.
Strong Growth for LED Video Display Unit Shipments in 2015, as Revenue StallsAugust 03, 2016The Bottom Line Due to a dramatic 26 percent year-over-year decline in prices across all pixel-pitch categories in 2016, LED video-display shipments are expected to grow 27.5 percent with 4.9 percent revenue growth this year. The outdoor-retail category held almost 40 percent of total market share, due to the high brightness and durability of LED video. However, as installation shifts to indoor applications, this market share is expected to drop to 35 percent by 2020. LED video price erosion and the market's increasing appetite for higher resolution displays will shift pixel-pitch categories lower, with 2-4.99mm being installed for both indoor and outdoor digital signage applications and 5-9.99mm catering purely to outdoor displays. With indoor and outdoor retail and public spaces acting as the main driving force, these categories are expected to achieve year-over-year growth of 98 percent and 63 percent, respectively.
2016 Outlook and Strategies for Fine Pixel Pitch LED VideoFebruary 22, 2016The advent of fine pixel pitch technology has opened up new opportunities in Indoor Applications for LED Video, making it a viable competitor to Rear Projection and LCD. In 2015, the <=1.99mm pixel pitch category grew by 279% year over year (YoY). However, will 2016 be another good year for Fine Pixel Pitch LED Video? IHS analyzes the 2016 outlook and strategies for the Fine Pixel Pitch LED Video industry.
CES 2016: Does your state support innovation?January 19, 2016The Consumer Technology Association (CTA), continues to advance its agenda to support growth and development in the technology sector. To this end, a billboard positioned in one of the main lobbies was eye catching. It announced the creation of a "State Innovation Scorecard."
Samsung acquires YESCO Electronics to further expand its display technology portfolio in digital signage marketMarch 04, 2015Samsung announced its acquisition of Logan, Utah-based YESCO Electronics, LLC, a notable manufacturer of LED signs and displays. The terms of the deal have not been publicly disclosed. This acquisition clearly reinforces Samsung's strategy of incorporating direct-view LED video display technology into their existing product mix to seamlessly cater to both indoor and outdoor digital signage applications.
LED video displays at the center stage of signage and professional displays marketFebruary 19, 2015LED video displays have finally moved to the mainstream signage and professional displays market. This was evident at Integrated Systems Europe 2015 in Amsterdam, where most of the display brands showcased their new LED video display products in an effort to seamlessly cater to both indoor and outdoor applications.
Need for student engagement and collaboration drives demand for interactive instructional technologies in the education marketJanuary 22, 2015Front projectors have been the leading technology in the education market due to its price advantage over other technologies. However, increasing need for student engagement and collaboration is driving significant change in instructional technology in classrooms. While widespread use of interactive flat panel displays may take a few years, Interactive White Boards (IWBs) are commonly used in the education vertical, particularly in K-12 schools, due to their price, flexibility, design and ability to engage with students.Subscribers Only
High density LED video displays - key for LED Video entry into high-end indoor signage marketJanuary 21, 2015The evolution of high density LED video display technology, its advantages and the challenges it faces in entering the high-end indoor signage market.
Key display trends driving the digital signage market in 2015January 09, 2015The demand for LCDs in digital signage is becoming increasingly diverse, with many noteworthy trends in LCD technology allowing these displays to be employed in a wide range of vertical markets. These trends during 2014 sets the stage for the coming year, and IHS expects total worldwide LCD digital signage displays to enjoy moderate increases of 7.3% and 7.8% in 2015 and 2016, respectively.Subscribers Only
Chinese government enables the growth of videowall displays through investments in infrastructureDecember 08, 2014Massive public safety initiatives, surveillance, security and transportation upgrades by the Chinese government have led to an increased in demand for LCD Videowalls.Subscribers Only
Smart TVs paving the way for customer-centric hospitality servicesOctober 17, 2014Smart TVs are quickly becoming the new standard to enhance guest experience in the hospitality industry. Hoteliers are looking at Smart TVs as the next big revenue generating opportunity in the hospitality industry, and many hotels are willing to incorporate these solutions to differentiate themselves from their competition.
Increasing Use of NFC in Digital SignageOctober 08, 2014Earlier this year, Clear Channel Outdoor announced the successful rollout of their Connect platform, an interactive mobile advertising platform that enables seamless campaign integration between out-of-home (OOH) advertising and mobile devices across 29 markets in North America and Europe.
Embedded Vision in Digital SignageAugust 22, 2014The digital signage industry is an ever-changing technological landscape - continually evolving to integrate more intelligent, perceptive interactions and targeted messages to a particular audience. In recent years, embedded vision technology in the digital signage industry allows for gesture-based recognition, augmented reality, and motion analysis to reach consumers through user interfaces.
Digital Signage Industry Primed for Continued Growth in 2014April 22, 2014Looking forward, IHS forecasts the world market for digital signage revenue to surpass $15.1 billion for 2014, up 6.0% over the previous year.
Worldwide Signage and Professional Displays market forecast to yield positive growth in 2014; Retail segment to lead the flat panel digital signage marketApril 22, 2014The worldwide market for signage and professional displays is forecast to grow by 7% to 16.3 million units in 2014. LCD displays and Front Projector remain the top selling technologies, according to the latest release on Signage and Professional Displays from IHS. Revenue for the worldwide signage and professional displays is projected to reach $13.8 billion in 2014, 1.4% up from 2013.
Barco Acquires Montreal-Based X2O Media to Offer Complete Digital Signage SolutionMarch 24, 2014Barco announces their acquisition of Montreal-based X2O Media, supporting Barco's strategy to broaden their offerings from display and projection technology. X2O Media will continue the development of its platform technology, while also leveraging business growth from Barco's worldwide sales and service presence. In addition, X2O Media's specific capabilities and technology will be incorporated gradually in solutions for all of Barco's markets.
2014 Digital Signage Expo Overview and New Product LaunchesMarch 04, 2014For 2014, the Digital Signage Expo featured more than 200 exhibitors at the Sands Expo and Convention Center in Las Vegas, and also included pre-show conferences, educational seminars, and industry roundtables all dedicated to the digital signage industry.Subscribers Only
Digital Signage Market to Recover This Year in Eastern Europe With Help from Winter OlympicsMarch 03, 2014Interest in the Sochi Winter Olympics in Russia will help the digital signage market in Eastern Europe dig out from under a slump last year, contributing to higher overall shipments in 2014 for the entire Europe-Middle East-Africa (EMEA) region, according to a new report from IHS Technology.


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Logano Wins to Strengthen Chase Chances
BROOKLYN, Mich. -- Add another name to the Chase for the NASCAR Sprint Cup conversation.
Joey Logano started Sunday's Pure Michigan 400 from the Coors Light Pole, and after a convoluted mix of strategy and racing incidents, it was Logano who claimed the victory and established himself as a contender for a berth in NASCAR's postseason.
The victory was Logano's first of the season, his first at Michigan, his first for Penske Racing and the third of his career. Kevin Harvick ran second, followed by Kurt Busch, Paul Menard and Clint Bowyer.
The victory moved Logano from 16th to 13th in the NASCAR Sprint Cup standings, 17 points out of 10th place. The youngest winner in Michigan history also is in play for a Wild Card, with two spots available to the drivers in positions 11-20 in the standings with the most victories.
"This is huge for our Chase hopes," Logano said. "We needed this to have a shot at getting in the Chase. We're close now, but we can't make any mistakes. This sure does help a lot."
Mark Martin took off after a restart on Lap 178, as Kurt Busch, Logano and Harvick battled for the second spot behind him. After the running order shuffled out with Logano in second and Harvick in third, the pursuers began to close in on the leader.
But Logano, 23, who came to the public eye as a 14-year-old with praise from the 54-year-old Martin, couldn't make the pass for the lead, even though Martin was trying mightily to save fuel.
"I noticed he was lifting early, because I was catching him on entry (into the corners)," Logano said. "He was able to pull me on exit. I wanted to get by him, because I knew the 29 (Harvick) was fast, too.
"It is so cool to be here in Victory Lane. It's crazy racing Mark Martin, my childhood hero. I was able to race against him in Pocono last year for the win. It is so cool racing against a guy like that."
But when Martin slowed in Turn 3 on Lap 197 and brought his car to pit road for fuel, Logano shot past him into the lead with Harvick in hot pursuit. Logano held the top spot for the final four laps and took the checkered flag by 1.018 seconds over the No. 29 Chevrolet.
To Harvick, the race was decided on the final restart. Harvick lined up inside Martin with Logano's No. 22 Ford behind the No. 29 Chevy.
"Just mistimed that last restart there," Harvick said. "I had a great run on the 55 (Martin). Was going to beat him to the line by too much. Wound up having to drag the brakes. From there, it was going to be sketchy if we were going to keep the 22 back there.
"Went for it, backfired a little bit there as we got three?wide and lost some track position. I didn't think we were going to be racing the 55 there for the win (because Martin was short on fuel). I thought if we could just get out of Turn 2 in second we'd be in good shape. Got a little bit greedy and lost a couple spots there. That's what ultimately cost us the win."
Series leader Jimmie Johnson couldn't exorcise his Michigan jinx. After wrecking his primary car in Saturday's practice, Johnson started Sunday's race from the rear of the field in a backup car. He took the lead on Lap 43 during a cycle of green-flag pit stops, but shortly thereafter Johnson exited the race because of an engine failure.
"The engine broke there," Johnson said after bringing the car to the garage. "I guess when we came in for a green flag pit stop, something started then and made it a few more laps and didn't really notice anything off.
"Then it finally dropped a cylinder or two down the backstretch. Definitely an unfortunate thing, but we had plenty of speed in the car and I think we were going to be a factor."
Johnson could afford that sort of failure, having locked himself into the Chase last week at Watkins Glen. The same couldn't be said of Hendrick Motorsports teammate Dale Earnhardt Jr., who smacked the Turn 2 wall on Lap 135 -- after leading 20 circuits earlier in the race -- and took his crippled car to the garage for repairs.
Earnhardt finished 36th and dropped from sixth to seventh in the standings, 20 points ahead of 11th-place Kasey Kahne with three races left before the Chase field is set at Richmond.
On Lap 157, Kyle Busch smacked the wall and narrowly reeled his No. 18 Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota through traffic with minimal control. He later spun out and hit the grass to finish 31st.
Though he was the victim of an early spin in Turn 4, Austin Dillon rallied from a lap down to finish 14th in his substitute role for injured Tony Stewart, the No. 14 Stewart-Haas Racing Chevrolet is in a tight battle with the No. 56 of Michael Waltrip Racing for a spot in the owners' Chase.
After Sunday's race, the two cars are tied for the final Wild Card spot, with the No. 56, driven by Martin Truex Jr. holding the tiebreaker based on quality of finishes.


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As it has been already mentioned in another posts (read for example 15 very useful steps for triumph over depression), regular sport exercise and being in nature can have a couple of positive impact on your mental health.
This series of articles is intended especially for all people who don't practise any exercise at all or who must struggle a lot to do something. Never mind if you have no experience or you think you can't afford it for a lack of money. Keep reading further!
Let me start with a real life example. I know a man whose only method how to get up from bet in morning during his worst depression period (in time before his first tablets started doing their jobs) was to put on running shoes and get himself out of the door of the house in the woods. The more kilometres he ran the better the started for him. Today not only that he is living almost normal life, but he also wins running races:)
|Photo: Salomon running
Some of the great benefits of doing sport for mental health (at best outdoor):
- releasing endorphins, adrenalin and other stuffs in your body make your mood by nature much better and moreover suppresses usually negative thinking
- everyday exercise helps to your body to settle down to a regular biorhythm (depression is in a certain way disorder of biorhythm, that is way the body is overstimulated during night hours and lacks the energy during day hours...). In addition to it, regular exercise can soon become a positive highlight and a focal point in your week or everyday schedule.
- beneficial sunlight and chemical stuffs in woods - sunlight is a well-known natural very efficient antidepressant and moreover it is proven that there is a quite a lot of some sort of chemical naturall stuff in woods emitted by trees whose inhalation has also in some way positive mental impacts
- relaxing - the muscles are being naturally loosened up during any exercise. This appreciate especially the people with some mental disorders as their muscles are being unusually tensed and consequently exhausted due to the excess of stress, anxiety and nervousness.
- self-esteem - sport is a natural way of boosting of your self-esteem and gaining more self-confidence. Moreover, you get in deeper contact with your body which is especially for depressive people often quite tricky in normal life and theretofore beneficial to learn and experience.
- social activity - your newly discovered hobby - sport can develop soon in something more than just individually kept recreation. Becoming a member of sport club, participation in a competition, finding a group of people which are engaged in the same sport or simply starting just doing team sport often lead to socialization which is another great source of depression release (read our another post: Get among people if you want to beat the depression)
I personally like very much the idea of going regularly during the season for competitions almost every weekend. Based on my own experience, you get through the 5 working days quite easily knowing that there is soon escape from the town with neither access to your computer nor to your working desk with all duties. My favoured sport is running and therefore I go to trail running competitions.
Did you find this article beneficial? Then, please don't hesitate to share this blog through social networks. That is the best way how to spread the article content as far as possible and at the same time to help to growth this blog.
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We are are really curious about your personal experiences and opinions on this article so don't forget to put a comment below.


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TORONTO: It's the 13-minute shot heard round the world.Festival audiences in Venice and Telluride have been floored by the lengthy opening shot to Alfonso Cuaron's 3-D space odyssey, "Gravity," which plunges moviegoers into space and leaves them reeling in weightlessness. When the film premieres Sunday at the Toronto International Festival, the lore of Cuaron's balletic beginning is sure to only grow.
"It's the idea of trying to create a moment of truthfulness in which the camera happens to be there just to witness, and respecting that moment in real time," Cuaron said in a recent interview.
The Mexican director and his longtime cinematographer, Emmanuel Lubezki, beginning with "Y Tu Mama Tambien" and up to their last film, the gritty science-fiction thriller "Children of Men," have been renown for their propensity for long, unbroken, beautifully choreographed sequences. A four-minute uncut scene in "Children of Men" captured a playful conversation scene in a car suddenly ambushed in a forest by dozens wielding clubs and guns, and then carried on through the escape and beyond. For it, Cuaron built a track inside the car for the camera to move forward and backward.
The shot at the start of "Gravity" similarly moves from banality to mayhem, ending in uncertainty. Several astronauts (Sandra Bullock, George Clooney) are repairing a space station and bantering breezily with their NASA dispatch in Houston (voiced by an unseen Ed Harris). When a cascading storm of satellite debris caused by an asteroid, the space station shatters and the astronauts are stranded in space.
Cuaron and Lubezki capture it all seamlessly with a camera floating around the characters, moving variously into close-up and wide shots. It's, as Cuaron calls it, "a continuous moment."
"We feel like sometimes the language of close-ups and intercuts abstracts the characters from the environment," says Cuaron. "We wanted the environment to be as important in weight as the characters."
Variety hailed the shot as having "completely immersed us in the beauty and majesty of a dark, pitiless universe." The Hollywood Reporter called the film, which Warner Bros. will release Oct. 4, "the most realistic and beautifully choreographed film ever set in space."
There are several other minutes-long takes in "Gravity" of startling uninterrupted clarity, but the opening shot is the one cinephiles will drool over. Considered bravura feats of filmmaking prowess, long takes are the stuff of filmmaking legend with famous practitioners including Orson Welles ("Touch of Evil"), Alfred Hitchcock ("Rope"), Martin Scorsese ("Goodfellas"), Robert Altman ("The Player") and Michelangelo Antonioni ("The Passenger").
Cuaron doesn't like to draw attention to his long takes, which have been roundly inducted into that cinematic tradition. The director, who claimed not to know how long the first shot of "Gravity" is, fears turning into what he calls "Look, mama! No hands!" filmmaking.
"That's something I worry about sometimes," he says. "If it catches the attention of people, I'm not sure it works."
Advances in digital technology have opened up new realms for long takes (the 2002 film "Russian Ark" was made in one 96-minute Steadicam shot), but Cuaron had particular challenges operating in simulated zero gravity. He and visual effects supervisor Tim Webber created what they called "The Lightbox": a large cube surrounded by LED lights inside of which Bullock and Clooney were rigged to mimic weightlessness.
It was complex work, trying to stay faithful to the reality of movement in space. But Cuaron wanted an immersive experience, partly inspired by documentaries of astronauts on the moon like "For All Mankind" _ films that didn't have the luxury of cutting to a close-up.
Instead, Cuaron's camera at times drifts into the perspective of Bullock's engineer character and then floats away "almost as if you're another astronaut following the journey," he says.
Though Cuaron revels in such choreography, even he was surprised by the size of the task. What he started expecting to make a simple chamber piece with just two characters. It ended up _ as his collaborators often reminded him _ taking four and a half years.


text: From Liquid Manure to Drinkable Water June 9, 2014 07:01 PM Tweet The ultrafiltration process allows water and dissolved constituents such as ammonia and potassium to filter through a membrane while excluding particulate containing phosphorus. © McLanahan Agricultural Systems TAGS: Marketing, Overseas December 18, 2014 By Jim Dickrell Dairy Herd Management Dairy Editor Email For every gallon of milk shipped from the front door of a dairy farm, approximately two gallons of liquid manure is produced and must be managed out the back door. The Holy Grail, of course, is a manure processing system that could fully separate all the constituents of that manure—sand, fiber, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and water—and re-use them to their best value. Some companies have already tried—and failed. McLanahan Agricultural Systems has now entered the arena, offering a four-step process that takes raw manure and separates its constituents down to those six components: Sand, fiber, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and water. Fully processed, up to 50% of the water in that manure is drinkable, potable water that could be legally discharged back to public waters or re-used on the dairy for everything up to and including watering cattle. It's not a simple process, because it involves a pre-treatment vessel similar to a methane digester, ultrafiltration, low-pressure air stripper towers, and reverse osmosis technology. "Our corporate values are to make things safe, simple and smart, but complicated problems sometimes take complicated solutions," says Andrew Wedel, general manager of McLanahan Ag Systems. "But what if you didn't have to haul half of your manure and still had all the nutrients? Would that have some cost benefit?" The beauty of the system is that it is not a one-size-fits-all, take-it-or-leave-it technology. Instead, it can be adapted by individual farms to meet individual needs, says Wedel. Some farms might only want to produce tea water, separating out phosphorus. Others might go the full route, fully separating out all of the nutrient components. On June 5 and 6, McLanahan hosted an open house on the Chad and Evelyn Minnis' Car-Min-Vu Farms near Webberville, Mich. Car-Min-Vu Farms are the site of the McLanahan pilot project of the Nutrient Separation System. The farm was selected because it is located just 20 minutes southeast of Michigan's State Capitol. The demonstration project is partially funded by a grant from the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. The Minnises milk approximately 800 cows (950 total with dry cows). The manure from about 100 cows is flowing through the pilot project, after sand and manure solids have been separated. The separated slurry flows first to a pre-treatment tank not unlike a vertical methane digester. Here, the material is homogenized to produce a consistent liquid. Microbes in the tank also produce biogas. Because the volume of gas is limited, it is simply flared off. In a fully scaled version, biogas production would be sufficient to produce enough electricity to power the entire system, says Jim Wallace, the McLanahan engineer in charge of the pilot project. From the pre-treatment tank, the slurry is forced through a series of unltrafiltration tubes—large straws, if you will—that allows water and dissolved ammonia and potassium to filter through the membranes. Particulate matter, containing phosphorus, is captured—capturing up to 95% of the phosphorus in 30% of the volume. That concentrates the phosphorus 3X, and can be produced in either liquid or solid form and then used as fertilizer. The remaining tea water, containing the dissolved ammonia and potassium, is then blown at high speed through two, 16' tall air stripper stacks filler with baseball sized whiffle-like balls that provide surface area to capture and concentrate the ammonia. The system uses sulfuric acid to capture the ammonia. The stripper stacks take out just 1% of the volume, but create very concentrated ammonium sulfate fertilizer. The remaining feedstock is then pumped at high pressure through a reverse osmosis (RO) system that removes the remaining potassium in a concentrated stream. The RO process removed about 15% of the volume as concentrated potassium. What is left is water—clean enough to discharge into public waters or for re-use on the dairy. Taken through the whole process, this clean, dischargeable water represents 50% of the original volume. "Fifty percent of the manure going into the system is converted to clean, dischargeable water—that is 50% of your manure volume that can 'go away,'" says Wedel. McLanahan says the system might be most applicable to large, commercial dairies with 3,500 cows. At that scale, Wedel says the capital cost would range from $350 to $500 per cow, depending on how much processing is needed by the dairy. (And these costs are after sand and solid separation is completed.) Operating costs—labor, maintenance, chemicals and power—will be about 1¢/gallon of manure. For more information on the system, go to: www.mclanahan.com. Back to news


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NY Jets QB Mark Sanchez has just lost his best wide receiver ... Eva Longoria.
Eva's rep has confirmed ... the two have officially called it quits after several months of dating.
Chalk up another loss for Sanchez (25 years old) -- who already took a beating from the Patriots this weekend.
As for Eva (37 years old) ... at least she won't have to remove any body ink from her body this time.
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Shortly after the New World was discovered, a race ensued by explorers to stake their claim for their king, their homeland and themselves. The fleets that these explorers sailed across the sea represented the finest engineering of the day, and the crews were some of the best trained in the world. However, despite the cutting-edge design and immense resources invested in this effort, many ships found their way to the bottom of the Atlantic, along with their gold and crew.
Even with the most advanced tools made available to these adventurers and merchants, the broad swath of the stormy Atlantic was unlike anything the captains had seen. In short, they failed to recognize a changing nautical environment and adapt accordingly.
Today, trillions of dollars in currencies and equities represent a sea of opportunity on a global level, and individual traders are the captains trying to navigate the undulating planes for profit and reward. Unfortunately for many, the risk is too much and their adaptations too slow, so they find themselves in the financial version of Davy Jones' Locker.


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Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
Applying Problem Solving
|The Largest Container | The Largest Container in Action | Classroom Practice | Problem-Solving in Action | Classroom Checklist | Your Journal
Now that you are familiar with the problem-solving standard and some of its aspects, we'd like you to apply it. Middle school teacher Ruth Ann Duncan wants to evaluate how well students in her combined seventh- and eighth-grade math class understand how to find the volume of a container.
How does problem solving fit into this picture? First, consider a problem similar to the one Ms. Duncan sets for her students: At home, use one standard sheet of paper (8 1/2" x 11") to make the largest possible closed container. Think about the different types of containers you can make.
Note: You have a set surface area and want to find the maximum volume.
As you work through the problem, keep the following questions in mind:
|Teaching Math Home | Grades 6-8 | Problem Solving | Site Map | © |
© Annenberg Foundation 2017. All rights reserved. Legal Policy


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The Mountain Hardware Stronghold Camping Tent shields you from even the most horrific elements, constructed in a dome shape with some of the strongest geometry known to man. While it's not that McMansion where you usually hang out, it still has two doors, a roof vent for staring into space late into the night, and five other windows for cross ventilation and breathtaking views of the great outdoors. You can see it in its two configurations here, where the white tent in the picture above is its single-wall summer configuration, and the orange and gray one shows the tent with its extra layer on top, constructed to withstand even the fiercest Alpine conditions. It's plenty big, too, with a 6.99-foot center height and 171 square feet of room inside, supposedly big enough for 10 people.
These $3000 tents are made for Arctic and Himalaya expeditions, but you'd better be pretty strong if you want to carry one of these things up Everest: It weighs 50 pounds in its pack. Might want to get one of your Sherpas to handle this one. [Mountain Hardware, via Born Rich]


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It's long past time to stop coddling major-league pitchers
Pitch counts not helping, and may make things worse
When it comes to calculating theories and moving backward in time, nobody does it quite like baseball. Obsessed with pitch counts, innings limits and organization-wide game plans, teams have spent three decades trying to protect pitchers' arms - and they have failed so miserably, they've actually made things worse.
Research indicates that 25 percent of today's major-league pitchers have undergone at least one Tommy John surgery. Once considered a last-ditch solution, it's become as common as the sniffles - claiming the A's Jarrod Parker, Arizona's Patrick Corbin and Atlanta starters Kris Medlen and Brandon Beachy (among others) this spring - and it may not be long before a third of pitchers will have taken that step.
Nice work, everybody. After all these years, we essentially know nothing.
Don't count on teams going back to the days when complete games and 200-inning seasons were routine. We're far too deep into the coddling era. At least people are starting to realize that, as John Smoltz said during MLB Network's coverage of the Dodgers-Arizona series in Australia, "You can't put every pitcher in a box."
How have the Giants managed to avoid this epidemic? Over the past five years, Brian Wilson represented their only serious arm problem. Even through the stress of two postseasons, their starters held up and became the toast of the big leagues.
Part of it is good fortune. But in manager Bruce Bochy, pitching coach Dave Righetti and bullpen coach Mark Gardner, the Giants get consensus opinions based on instinct and experience. Never locked into a 100-pitch maximum, they've allowed their starters to pitch deep into ballgames when it felt comfortable. (Tim Lincecum threw 148 pitches in his no-hitter last season, and while "experts" were aghast, Lincecum just shrugged and prepared for his next start.)
The Giants realize that every pitcher is different. They let Lincecum and Barry Zito practice their outside-the-box theories. They know a "horse" (Madison Bumgarner) when they see one, just as they realize that a nervous pitcher can't necessarily be trusted.
Pitch counts pale in relevance to the sight of a pitcher breezing through the order, or revealing fatigue with a shift in body language. Jim Palmer tells a story from the early '70s about Earl Weaver, his manager with the Baltimore Orioles. Mike Cuellar had a three-run lead against the Twins when Rod Carew singled to lead off the ninth, with Tony Oliva and Harmon Killebrew due up. Charting pitches in the dugout, Palmer reminded Weaver that Cuellar had reached 135.
"And he replies, 'Get your rear end down to the end of the bench. I'll let you know when he's tired,' " Palmer said. "Then Oliva hit into a double play, and Killebrew flew out to end the game. Earl knew what he was watching. That's when I learned that pitch counts don't mean anything."
So why are today's pitchers more susceptible to injury than ever? Some point to the excessive pressure of youth baseball, with its travel teams, year-round action, radar guns, lurking scouts and televised Little League games. Others feel conditioning has wrongly shifted from leg strength (the core of a pitcher's foundation) to over-the-top weightlifting programs.
Just as relevant, though, is the very nature of modern-day pitching. As opposed to the days when Sandy Koufax or Bob Gibson dominated games with just two pitches - fastball, breaking ball - "guys throw so many different pitches now," former Phillies catcher Brian Schneider told ESPN. "You see cutters and splits to both sides of the plate. You see the two-seamer, inside to a lefty and backdoor to a righty. It seems like everyone you face has all these pitches. It never used to be like that."
One of the icons of statistical analysis, Bill James, has been ridiculing the 100-pitch limit for years, claiming there was never any logic or research to support such a thing, and that a free-flowing pitcher could throw 150-160 pitches a game without the slightest consequence. And really, think about it: Why 100? Because it sounds good? You're OK with 98, but you're in big trouble at 102?
Esteemed baseball writer Jeff Passan is preparing a book on this subject, and as he wrote on Yahoo.com, perhaps the injury epidemic "is in spite of the pitch limits, and maybe it's because of the pitch limits."
As such, we're hearing suggestions that pitchers throw more often - not as kids, but once they've entered professional ball.
"More is better," said John, for whom the surgical process was named, in an interview with the New York Daily News. "Starting in 1975, after the surgery, with Johnny Sain as my pitching coach with the White Sox, I'd throw six days a week and it was the best my arm ever felt. For the next 13 years, I never missed a start, except once when I had the flu. It's no coincidence that Leo Mazzone, the Braves' great pitching coach, was a Sain disciple. All guys like (Greg) Maddux and (Tom) Glavine did was pitch and win and never get hurt."
I'd like to think some forward-thinking club would establish four-man rotations throughout its system, encouraging pitchers to throw more often and get into a complete-game mentality. More realistically, Bay Area fans should take heart in the Giants' track record and the A's ability to build a staff so deep, a potentially crushing loss can be absorbed. Perhaps, at the very least, the Big Book of Pitch Counts will be hurled into a bonfire.
Bruce Jenkins is a San Francisco Chronicle columnist. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Twitter: @bruce_jenkins1


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Patagonia Sin Represas! (Patagonia without dams) spray painted above bus stops all around the capital of Santiago gives you an idea of where most Chileans stand on the proposed construction of the 5 hydroelectric dams that will destroy certain areas of Patagonia.
Protestors in Santiago, Chile
I got invited to the protest happening in Santiago and happily agreed to check it out. We took the subway at rush hour to downtown and met up with thousands of other protesters at the Plaza Italia. The ages varied but the majority seemed to be in their twenties. The chants "Pinera concha de tu madre", "Patagonia Sin Represas", "Pinera entiende, el agua no se vende" and others would start in one area of the crowd and then spread holding for minutes at a time.
We marched to "la Moneda" palace, about a mile or so away in a mass of thousands of people yelling, chanting, waving flags and boasting homemade signs protesting the government and the dam project.
Kohl Christensen marching to "la Moneda" palace
The Chileans love their Patagonia and do not want the project to proceed. How far they can take this fight is hard to say because in the end, it's just their voice against a strong Government with its own agendas. It's a voice though that is loud, clear and being heard around the world and it definitely made me listen.
Protestors at Plaza Italia
What are the alternatives in a country that will demand twice the energy production it has now in the next decade to keep up with its growth? I am not an expert but after doing a little research I found out it would take about 4,000 wind turbines to produce a similar amount of energy. They also say if you covered 1% of the Atacama Desert (Northern Chile) with solar panels you could produce the same amount of energy. Geothermal is another option. So, how do the people of a country with so many alternative energy options find themselves fighting against an energy project they don't want to happen?
I'm thinking it's because the people of Chile love their country and want to preserve what they have left of it for future generations.


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Thursday, 25 April 2013 08:36
Post-Boston bombings, expect Obama and Congress to take full advantage. Perhaps more war is planned. Big lies launch them. Fear-mongering enlists public support. Anything ahead is possible.
Iran's repeatedly targeted. New baseless accusations followed earlier ones.
Earlier Iran was accused of a fabricated US Saudi ambassador assassination plot. It's falsely called the world's leading state sponsor of terror. Claims that it's developing nuclear weapons don't wash.
Other recent bogus charges included targeting Israeli officials in India, Georgia and Thailand, as well as planning former Defense Minister Ehud Barak's assassination.
None of the above passed the smell test. Headlines regurgitated them for days. Big lies repeated enough are believed. US polls say Americans consider Iran the nation's top enemy. Mind manipulation conditions them.
Since the 1980s, Washington planned regime change. Israel offers ready support. Independent governments aren't tolerated. So far, war has been waged by other means.
They include saber rattling, cyber attacks, other sabotage, subversion, multiple rounds of sanctions, attempts to cripple its central bank and oil exports, targeted assassinations, deadly explosions, satellite, drone, and other type spying, bogus accusations, attempts to isolate Tehran, and manufacturing consent for what may follow.
On April 22, Haaretz headlined "Canada foils Al-Qaida-inspired terror attack; two people arrested," saying:
Canadian authorities arrested two suspects. Chiheb Essegnaier and Raed Jaser face terrorism charges. According to Canadian authorities, both men:
"between April 1st, 2012 and September 25th, 2012, in the City of Toronto, in the Province of Ontario, and in the City of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec, and elsewhere, did conspire, the one with the other, to interfere with transportation facilities contrary to section 248 of the Criminal Code of Canada, for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a terrorist group, thereby committing an offence contrary to section 83.2 of the Criminal Code of Canada."
They "conspire(d) to murder persons unknown contrary to section 235(1) of the Criminal Code of Canada, for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a terrorist group…."
Four related charges followed. Allegedly a planned commuter train was targeted. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) claimed:
They had "the capacity and intent to carry out these criminal acts. There was no imminent threat to the general public, rail employees, train passengers or infrastructure."
They're charged with "conspiring to carry out an attack against, and conspiring to murder persons unknown for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a terrorist group."
They received "support from Al-Qaida elements located in Iran (in the form of) direction and guidance."
Both men emphatically denied charges. Little more is known except cursory, very suspect information. Canadian authorities explained little. Jaser's lawyer John Norris raised concerns. He called the arrests' timing "a bit of a mystery."
He awaits more information. He explained no public safety risk. He called acting now "surprising." It followed "what happened in Boston." It came when the city was on lockdown. It was "timed perfectly with what was happening in the House of Commons…."
It's agenda was changed. A final "Combating Terrorism Act (Bill S-7)" reading was scheduling. It includes new police state powers. Suspects may be held 72 hours uncharged.
Investigative hearings may convene. Individuals alleged to have information on suspected terrorist attacks have no right to remain silent. Uncharged terrorist suspects lose free movement rights. Canadian legislators are being pressured to act tough.
Essegnaier and Jaser appear set up. Charges against them are suspect. Evidence is easy to falsify. It's happened many times before.
Numerous past alleged US plots were planned by FBI provocateurs. Fabricated evidence was used to entrap innocent victims. Canada perhaps is manufacturing terror. The timing of its announcement alone raises suspicions.
In March, US Treasury Department's Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence David S. Cohen told the Washington Post:
"We believe that Iran continues to allow al-Qaeda to operate a network that moves al-Qaeda money and fighters through Iran to support al-Qaeda activities in South Asia."
So-called transit networks send "funding and fighters to Syria," he added.
Alleged documents claim an Al Qaeda-Iran connection. According to former CIA officer/Obama counterterrorism adviser Bruce Riedel:
"It is a partnership of convenience, with some really rough edges."
James Petras explained more. His book titled "The Power of Israel in the United States" is must reading. His March 2012 article titled "Israel's Willing Executioners: AIPAC Invades Washington" said:
Annual AIPAC meetings are "the most outrageous public display of Zionist pro-Israeli power as it shapes US foreign policy."
AIPAC's sole purpose "is to ensure Israel's unchallenged military and political power over a huge region from North Africa to the Persian Gulf."
Congress, US administrations, top bureaucrats and key advisors support what demands condemnation. "Not since the War of 2812," has Washington "been so utterly humiliated by a foreign power."
In July 2004, Stuart Levey became the first Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence. By email, Petras explained more. He said AIPAC "literally created the position…." Doing so "assured that (it) went to its chosen agent Stuart Levey."
He "ignored money washing by drug cartels to focus on organizing sanctions against Iran." He served until March 2011. He returned to Wall Street.
David Cohen replaced him. He's "the transmission belt for the recent harsh AIPAC authored sanctions on Iran plus the latest Al Qaeda/Iran" allegations.
AIPAC-linked pro-Israeli zealots infest the Obama administration and Capitol Hill. They come. They leave. Others replace them. Israeli support long predated Obama.
AIPAC's one of 52 major US Zionist organizations. They fabricate Iranian threats. They do so ad nauseam. The so-called Canadian plot appears the latest.
On April 24, Haaretz headlined "Canada train plot begs the question: What is the connection between Al-Qaida and Iran?"
Despite no corroborating evidence, Tehran's always "the usual suspect in many terror attacks….(It's) connection (to) Al-Qaida is controversial at best, and to date has yet to be proved."
Their ideologies are polar opposite. Iran has "lots of practical, political, and military reasons for not cooperating with Al-Qaida."
Al-Nusra and other anti-Assad groups threaten a close ally. No evidence links Iran to regional or other terror plots (real or invented).
"Thus it seems, for now, efforts to link Iran to the (Canadian) terror plot….will require more solid evidence." Expect whatever may be presented to be manufactured out of whole cloth.
Iran categorically denied the allegation. It's spurious on its face. On April 23, the Tehran Times headlined "Iran calls claims of al-Qaeda link farcical," saying:
"Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi has vehemently dismissed a Canadian claim that an attack had been planned on the country's soil with support from al-Qaeda elements in Iran…."
"This is the most ludicrous thing I have heard in my 64 years," he added.
Speaking at his regular press briefing, Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman Rami Mehmanparast said:
"We are opposed to any kind of violent actions that put the lives of the people in danger. The extremist Canadian government has put the Iranophobia project on its agenda over recent years and has pursued hostile (anti-Iranian) measures."
Mossad-connected DEBKAfile (DF) also pointed fingers the wrong way. It didn't surprise. On April 23, it headlined "Tehran and Assad slide past US and Israeli red lines - nuclear and chemical," saying:
"All the red lines (were) knocked over by Iran's rapid progress toward a nuclear weapon and by Bashar Assad, who, backed by Tehran, mocked (Obama's) warning a month ago that 'proof of chemical weapons use would be a game changer.' "
DF claims "sources confirmed the finding of concrete evidence that the Syrian army had launched chemical warfare against rebel forces."
Claiming and proving are world's apart. DF offered no evidence. Its allegation isn't worth the paper it's printed on. It said "dissonance between Washington and Jerusalem on the issue of a nuclear Iran was present" during Hagel's visit.
"Israel refuses to wait for Iran to reach (a nuclear) threshold and insists that the moment to strike is now."
Whether these type comments reflect bluster or Israeli policy remains to be seen. Washington and/or Israel bear full responsibility for so-called terror plots.
They're the world's leading sponsors of state terrorism. Complicit allies like Canada go along. Iran and Syria are falsely blamed. So are innocent suspects. No evidence suggests their involvement.
Imperial priorities matter most. Post-Boston bombings, worse times than ever may follow. Obama and Netanyahu have much more death and destruction in mind. Expect them to take full advantage.
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Late afternoon east view from the Crater Lake Watchman Tower fire lookout.
Located in south central Oregon, USA. The lookout is supposedly still sometimes used, but it's mostly a hikers destination now.
Crater Lake is a snow melt filled volcano crater in south central Oregon, USA. The water is very pure and awsomely blue. It is the deepest Lake in the USA at 1946 feet.


text: Hi, It might be overkill for you, but I tend to use ganglia for these things. You won't be able pipe it to a text file, though. Alternatively, you could run sar (assuming your OS has a sar port) out of cron. But sar is not exactly user friendly and will not break down usage by process, only for the system as a unit. If you really want to go the poor man's route, you can actually get all that info from ps, do some minimal processing and have a nice text file for you to analyze. -geoff Am 22.08.2007, 21:40 Uhr, schrieb A Lenzo <alenzo at mail.rochester.edu>: > Hello Cluster Colleagues, > > I would like to begin monitoring my cluster in order to see what the > usage > is at different times of day. A simple method would work - I am looking > for > advice on this. The mosmon utility is enticing since it shows the usage > on > all nodes at once, but of course, I can't pipe the output to a text file. > If I can find the right tool for the job, I am sure I can keep it running > every hour or so with Cron. Ideally, I'd love to measure memory usage > and > also CPU usage. > > Suggestions? > > Thanks! > Tony -- Erstellt mit Operas revolutionärem E-Mail-Modul: http://www.opera.com/mail/


text:
Young Scooter (Feat. Rick Ross, Gucci Mane & Birdman) - Colombia Remix (Trailer)
Music video coming soon
Directed by Gabriel Hart
Posted by Jay
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


text:
Tools and Utilities
Quick Launch Social Lockscreen« Personalization & Tools « Downloads
|October 9, 2013
|32 times
|Personalization & Tools
Quick Launch – the ultimate custom lock screen launcher for all your quick access needs.
➜ NEW! Add your social feeds to your lock screen: Facebook, Instagram and Twitter right on your lock screen
➜ NEW! Music player controls right on your lock screen
➜ iPhone style missed calls and notifications on your lock screen
With Quick Launch, you can perform useful tasks quickly and easily – directly from your phone's lock screen launcher!
✓ Add your favorite widget (Google music, Facebook, Twitter, RSS reader, etc.) to your lock screen
✓ Add your personal social feeds: Facebook, Instagram and Twitter to your lock screen
✓ Facebook Share and like, Instagram comment and like , Twitter reply and re-tweet all from your lock screen
✓ One click to launch any of your recently used apps such as Facebook, Browser, SMS app
✓ One click to display and call your recent contacts
✓ View your missed calls and unread messages – iPhone style
✓ Tap to Search provides direct access to installed apps, contacts, and any online information or sites
✓ One click to access your camera and take photos
✓ One click control of your phone's ringer settings
✓ Change your wallpaper to any image of your choosing
✓ Unlock your phone as you normally would
☞ Download Quick Launch and get started now! ☜
We are looking for a few brave Beta testers to help us check out new features and improvements…
If your up for it, Drop us a line at firstname.lastname@example.com and don't forget to let us know what device you use (make and version).
We are continually adding support for new devices. If you encounter any problems, please e-mail us and we will resolve and fix the problem as soon as possible.
About permissions:
Please notice that Quick Launch requires a number of permissions, the purpose is to launch other Apps from the lockscreen, while we definitely won't read the contents in users' phone. For example, SMS read permission is required in order to display the missed messages, while we will not read any content of the SMS.
Tags:Android locker,lock screen ,lockscreen, widget locker, theme,themable,keyguard,widget locker , magic, 安卓 锁屏,锁匠,milocker,Lock 2.0,LockBot,GOTO Lockscreen,Go Locker


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Shell Jackets
The simplest, most-effective winter barrier money can buy is delivered in a shell. But why not just don a trash bag when it's wet, or a plump parka when it's cold? Because your body needs to breathe, brothers and sisters. And if you're actually snowboarding-not sitting in the lodge-then you know that sweating when it's fifteen degrees out is no myth. Shells let heat and moisture permeate outward, yet dam water from seeping in-even down to the tech, waterproof zippers.
Surplus: Shell Jackets
Shell Jackets


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Your Questions Answered: Coping with Climate Change in the Philippines
Two weeks ago we asked you to send your questions about the impacts of climate change to the Philippines' Climate Change Commission (CCC). Thanks for forwarding us your queries and other feedback via the blog, Twitter and on Facebook. Secretary Mary Ann Lucille L. Sering of the CCC answers five questions in the video 5Questions in 5Minutes below, and will reply to the rest of them in a follow-up blog post soon. Stay tuned!


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Banter necessitava di un nuovo design di logo e ha lanciato un contest su 99designs.
È stato scelto un vincitore tra 390 design presentati da 65 designer.
We need a logo for a new web analytics tool that lets marketers know what people in general (and potential customers in particular) are saying in blogs, how the expressed opinions could impact their business, and how to extract (and drive) business insight and value from these blogs.
Managers of Marketing Intelligence/Insight and Market Research who are actively engaged in social media i.e., Blogging, Twitter, etc.
The logo should primarily focus on the name - Banter. It is not necessary to include text other than the name. We are looking for a logo that is simple, modern/contemporary, artsy and smart.
Some possible directions to explore are:
1) The focus of the tool is to extract key insights from the overwhelmingly large blogosphere. So imagery that captures this is useful.
2) The tool is driven by state-of-the-art Artificial Intelligence technology. So capturing that sense that it is powered by smart, intelligent technology is useful.
3) Images inspired by the word "banter" itself could be an alternative direction. So imagery that expresses the constant banter in the blogosphere may also work.
Please do not use any stock images or clip art in the logo. We need to be able to resize the logo without distortion. We also need a version with a transparent background.
Maggiori informazioni su come funziona un contest di design o sui nostri servizi di design di logo.


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If you must replace sugar...
Despite lingering debate over sugar's role in obesity, the food industry is on a tear to reduce or replace sugar in many applications.
By Kantha Shelke, Ingredients Editor
Sugar, ubiquitous in the food and beverage industry, will not likely lose its vital role as a sweetener. However, in the current environment, nearly every company is striving to develop healthier products by simply reducing or replacing sugar with non-glycemic alternatives. The controversy around the ingredient is bound to persist, at least until consumers adopt healthier lifestyles with physical activity and moderate dietary habits.
The alleged rapid weight loss effects of low-glycemic diets such as Atkins and South Beach led consumers to adopt the notion of "good carbs" and "bad carbs." Consumers classify sugar among the latter. They also increasingly believe weight may be managed simply by reducing sugar intake and balancing "energy intake" with "energy consumption." They believe they can achieve this balance by cutting down on sugar.
Consequently, "reduced sugar," "no sugar," and "no added sugar" are gaining momentum as compelling marketing messages. Consumers have been led to believe these descriptors are mandatory for certain categories, such as children's products and beverages. Sugar-free and reduced-calorie diet beverages garner increasingly larger market shares in the U.S.
The growing market appeal of descriptors such as "smart carbs," "net carbs," "net impact carbs" and "effective carbs" has helped sugar replace fat as the nutrient to reduce or eliminate in the product development plans of most food companies. Other marketing messages concurring on the benefits of lowering sugar consumption also have made processors believe that reducing or eliminating sugar is a way to deliver high nutritional value and enhance their market appeal. But it's not that easy.
Simple sugar makeovers
Successful product reformulations include the direction set by Coca-Cola, Atlanta, which repositioned Minute Maid (www.minutemaid.com) Premium Light orange juice with half the sugar and calories of regular orange juice. The company touts it as "for those who want to reduce caloric intake but still want excellent nutrition."
General Mills (www.generalmills.com), Minneapolis, employed a blend of sugar and the Splenda brand of suraclose to reduce the sugar content of Trix, Cinnamon Toast Crunch and Cocoa Puffs by 75 percent to appeal to health-conscious parents. In that same category, Kellogg Co. (http://www.kelloggs.com), Battle Creek, Mich., enhanced various fruit flavors to transform Froot Loops into a one-third less sugar version without noticeably impacting the taste or by adding artificial sweeteners.
Clever juxtapositions of food products and weight loss diets are now driving the reduced sugar and sugar-free category â and shaping some iconic brands into destination products for specific lifestyles. Established brand marketers such as Kraft, Glenview,
Kraft in October rolled out a variety of its branded products with a "South Beach Diet recommended" button. Sugar reduction is just one of the adjustments made in some of the products.
Meanwhile up-and-coming brands like the EAS Advantage brand (associated the popular Bill Phillips Body-for-Life program) and Zone Perfect Nutrition (from Harvard nutrition professor Barry Sears) market their lower-sugar fare to their bands of followers.
In the confectionery aisle, candy makers have made headway by repositioning long-existing products that once were aimed squarely at conventional diabetic markets as low-carb or sugar-free.
On the other hand, Armand Hammer, founder of Atlanta-based Innovative Candy Concepts (www.tootarts.com), revamped his product portfolio by converting to formulations that contain no sugar and which are 50-60 percent lower in calories than the originals. The revisions contain no refined sugar and use sucralose, glycerin and acesulfame K (marketed under the brand name Sunette) to enhance sweetening by blends of fruit juice concentrates. Hammer explained that his product developers "decided to stay away from sugar alcohols because of the associated mild laxative effect."
The sweetener landscape
Refined sugar, one of the foundations of international trade for centuries, is consumed at a per-capita level of around 46 lbs in the U.S. High-potency sweeteners, in contrast, were discovered only in the recent decades, and only a handful have been approved for use in the U.S.
|Note to Plant Ops
Because of intense sweetness, high potency sweeteners need to be used in very minute quantities. It is best to request pre-blends of the sweetener with a commonly used food ingredient to match the large-scale environment of standard manufacturing processes and reduce any dosage error. Pre-blending also ensures adequate distribution in the manufacturing mix.
Particle size is a critical attribute when ordering high potency sweeteners. Many vendors can provide custom granulation to reduce dusting and improve flow characteristics during manufacture, as well as ensure quick dissolution in dry mixes when used by consumers.
Consult with vendors to identify the appropriate packaging material for each sweetener blend. Sweeteners of low solubility may be packed in permeable (and less expensive) materials, while highly hygroscopic sweeteners require impermeable packaging materials and controlled conditions to ensure stability.
In general, as with any other powder or dry ingredients, operations involving dry sweeteners and sweetener blends should avoid or minimize exposure to high humidity. Packages with a tight seal and storage under dry, moderate temperatures can help prolong shelf-life, whether in liquid or powdered form.
Replacements for sugars may be nutritive or non-nutritive and have distinctly different temporal characteristics â the way their sweetness peaks or lingers â which affect the perception and ultimately acceptance of the finished food product. Product formulators have, therefore, resorted to blending sweeteners to optimize the various attributes of the individual components.
Sucralose is the fastest growing replacement product. It has successfully penetrated and transformed sweetener market dynamics to focus on health rather than on sweetness or price. Development of customized applications for every food category has helped Sucralose rapidly gain market share â and raised the barrier to entry for other sweeteners.
One of those latecomers is tagatose. It is gaining momentum with the recent FDA approval of claims that tagatose "does not promote tooth decay" or "may reduce the risk of tooth decay." Developed and patented by Spherix Inc. and manufactured and marketed under license by Denmark's Arla Foods Ingredients, tagatose stands to gain additionally from its prebiotic functionality.
Arla describes tagatose as a "no-impact carb." The company employed Sydney University's Glycemic Index Research Service (SUGiRS, www.glycemicindex.com) to conduct clinical testing. Jennie Brand-Miller, possibly the world's foremost researcher on glycemic index, demonstrated that, compared to glucose, which had glycemic and insulinemic responses of 100 percent, tagatose produced only 3 percent glycemic and insulinemic responses. And it's just as sweet.
Pasco's Light and Tasty Less-Cal/Less-Carb frozen and ready-to-drink fruit juices were the second product in the world to be launched with tagatose. Unfortunately, the company went bankrupt. The new owners, Johanna Foods Inc., Flemington, N.J., is maintaining the line, which has 70 percent fewer carbs than regular fruit juices.
GTC Nutrition LLC (www.gtcnutrition.com), Golden, Colo., is helping companies understand that careful formulation with a few key ingredients can transform even items like candy and cookies into foods with healthful benefits. GTC Nutrition provides xylitol and NutraFlora to create nutritious and rich tasting food products. More importantly, combining the two balances out xylitol's cooling effect, while adding sweetness and providing zero effective carbohydrates and only 1.5 Kcal per gram.
For example, Nutballz Inc. (www.nutballz.com), Monroe, Colo., which creates products for people with special dietary needs that can also be consumed by the average consumer, incorporates xylitol in cookies. "Our company is especially concerned with children's health, which is one of the reasons we use xylitol," says Kyla Duffy, headnut (yes, that's her title) at Nutballz. "While benefitting from the antibacterial properties of xylitol, kids generally can't even tell that our products are good for them. We achieved just the right amount of sweetness and the cooling sensation â which was cool for our target audience."
Method to makeover madness
Reformulating foods is tricky to begin with, and reformulation to replace or reduce sugar is one of the trickiest challenges. After all, sugar is used in product development not just because of its sweetness but because of its myriad functionalities and ability to cost-effectively produce an acceptable finished food with appealing taste and aroma.
Taking sugar out of a food product drastically changes its character; often the result is nowhere near the original product. For example, food product developers all over the world have been trying to develop sugar-free versions of cakes where aroma, appearance, texture and taste are critical. Quality cakes should have a rich baked aroma that starts out as the top notes when one bites into it. The characteristic baked aroma is the result of Maillard browning â the interaction of sugar with proteins â during baking to create the rich flavor notes.
Cakes owe their tender texture to the interaction of sugar with the fat during the creaming stage and the transformation of the matrix into a crumb with fine texture during baking. The golden brown crust results from the caramelization of sugar during baking for a rich crunch and a melt-in-your-mouth richness. Product developers find simple replacement of sugar with bulking agents such as maltodextrins and high-intensity sweeteners produces a dense gray-crumbed product that resembles door stops and which lacks the necessary aroma and tenderness.
|ADA defends sugars
According to the American Dietetic Assn.: "The claim that nutritive sweeteners have caused an increase in chronic disease (e.g., obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dental carries and behavioral disorders) is not substantiated. Persons can include sugars in their diets and still consume a healthful diet."
The ADA counsels there are no "good foods" and "bad foods," just good diets and bad diets. In other words, all foods have a place in a balanced diet.
The product development approach of Hammer to create sugar-free candies for adults based on desserts is an excellent roadmap for food product developers seeking to replace some or all of the sugar in their products. Placing great importance on replicating the taste experience of popular desserts, Hammer mapped the various tastes and ingredients that went into each dessert.
Each candy variety started out with emphasis on authentic flavors -â so Key Lime Pie candy tastes of salt, lime, and rich baked crust. Mocha Cappuccino Cake has chocolate top notes, espresso flavor and the creamy notes of cream and milk.
The next step was to duplicate the sensation of sweetness by adjusting levels of sucralose with other sweeteners such as mannitol, a natural sugar alcohol derived from seaweed. "Our marketing angle was clever," says Hammer. "Instead of positioning it as a low-carb product and getting lost among more mediocre entries, we worked with retailers and emphasized âall the taste and none of the guilt' to convey the essence of the product offering."
The result has been a success at mass merchandisers such as Wal-Mart, Winn-Dixie and Eckerd and even an appearance on NBC's "The Today Show." The tag "zero net carbs" certainly has helped.
Food product developers tend to remain loyal to a sweetener blend that has proven itself. They are realizing, however, that their savings in development time and efforts may be offset considerably by the quality and performance enhancement benefits of customized blends.
Flavor highly impacts product sweetness. Blending and customization are important to optimize temporal profiles in the various line extensions of reduced sugar and sugar-free products. A sweetener system customized for one particular food application rarely produces good results in a different product. Experienced developers will attest that sweetener blends introduced in a beverage or sorbet application do not perform as well in a gelatin or candy application.
A common deterrent to repeat purchase of reduced-sugar and sugar-free versions of traditional products is their intense sweetness and marked aftertaste ⦠probably resulting from lazy or inexperienced developers who overdosed high potency sweeteners to compensate for age-related dissipation. Blending minimizes the lingering effect and enhances shelf-life stability and consistency.
Customized blending can prove to be economical in the long run because the individual sweeteners, in addition to providing the best flavor and taste profiles, often are synergistic. And usually a little bit goes a long way.
The downside of blending is the transformation of the ingredient label into something more like a Merck manual of chemicals. Isomalt and HSHs are particularly useful in such cases and limit the list to just one ingredient.
Long story short, there is no single alternative to sugar. Blending allows for a number of sweeteners to synergistically provide a number of quality attributes including sweetness, flavor, color, viscosity, texture, water activity, binding properties, glycemic effects, crystallizing properties, humectancy, freeze-point depression and cooling effect. If properly designed, the resulting product can actually be preferred over the original glycemic version.
|A glossary of sweeteners
Acesulfame potassium (acesulfame-k or Ace-K) is synergistic with a number of other sweeteners even though by itself it has a marked bitter and metallic aftertaste. It is relatively heat-stable, is 180 times as sweet as sucrose and has been approved worldwide for a wide number of uses. It is promoted extensively by The Calorie Control Council.
Aspartame, a dipeptide composed of the methyl ester of aspartic acid and phenylalanine, is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose and used extensively in the beverage sector. Its stability at high temperature, high pH and high moisture in conjunction with its sweetness profile make it economic and viable for a number of beverage applications.
Cyclamate is about 30 times as sweet as sucrose and its synergy with a number of high-potency sweeteners makes it excellent for sweetener blends. Its use was banned in 1970 in the U.S. It is used extensively around the world and its re-approval in the U.S. is being pursued by Abbott Laboratories and The Calorie Control Council.
Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates (HSHs) include hydrogenated syrups of glucose, maltitol and sorbitol created explicitly for nutritional labels. They are labeled as HSHs when containing less than 50 percent maltitol and as maltitol syrup when containing greater amounts of maltitol. Like corn syrups they may be tailored for various applications by varying their molecular weight distribution. Their sweetness stems primarily from maltitol. Generally, liquids contain 70-85 percent solids, and they also are produced as powders for application as stabilizers and inert bulking agents. HSHs and maltitol syrups are self-determined GRAS in the U.S.
Isomalt is a mixture of disaccharides used extensively to inhibit cold flow in hard candies. It has a relatively high melt point and is half as sweet as sucrose. It is self-determined GRAS.
Lactitol, a lactose-derived non-hygroscopic disaccharide of low solubility, is about 0.4 times as sweet as sucrose and is popularly used panned candies and chocolate compound coatings. It is self-determined GRAS.
Maltitol is a disaccharide with half the calories and 90 percent of the sweetness of sucrose. Many of its characteristics are similar to that of sucrose, making it popular in baked products such as cookies and cakes and in coatings for nutritional bars.
Mannitol, a monosaccharide polyol with high laxation potential (20 grams/day), has low solubility and is non-hygroscopic. Its high melting point (165-169° C) makes it suitable for coating chocolate confections. Mannitol is a food additive under Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
Neotame is produced by the hydrogenation of aspartame and 3,3- Dimethylbutyraldehyde. It is heat stable and approximately 10,000 times sweeter than sucrose. It was recently approved by FDA and is being explored seriously by a number of companies as a viable alternative to sugar.
Saccharin was the first low-calorie sweetener and has been used in the U.S. for more than a century. Extremely stable, it is approximately 300 times as sweet as sucrose, making it very economical. It is widely used as a tabletop sweetener. The FDA proposed banning saccharin in 1977, but Congress placed a moratorium on the ban and saccharin use was allowed with a warning label. The FDA formally withdrew its proposal in 1991. In 2000, Congress passed a bill to remove the warning label.
Sorbitol, a monosaccharide polyol that is 0.6 times as sweet as sucrose, is readily soluble in water, making it invaluable as a plasticizer and humectant in candy applications. It is GRAS under 21 CFR, pt. 184.1835.
Sucralose was approved by FDA in 1998. It is derived from sucrose and is about 600 times as sweet as sucrose. Extremely heat-stable, sucralose has found wide acceptance in "natural" markets.
Tagatose, a monosaccharide made from whey by a patented process, is about 92 percent as sweet as sucrose. It has been commercialized in beverages and is self-determined GRAS in the U.S.
Trehalose is a disaccharide made up of two glucose units. When metabolized, it yields 4 kcal per gram and glucose. It non-cariogenic and is half as sweet as sucrose. Trehalose is self-determined as GRAS.
Xylitol is a pentose monosaccharide valued primarily for its non-cariogenic properties. Its cooling effect and sweetness make it popular in oral-care, chewing gum and mint products. Xylitol is approved as a direct food additive for special dietary purposes under 21 CFR, pt. 173.395
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2016 Masergy STEM Scholarship Program is available for the students who are enrolled in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields at an accredited college or university in the United States.
With funding from a significant gift from Dr. Aisha Almana, a UO graduate, hospital executive and prominent feminist, the UO is able to offer full scholarships for Saudi women to study global health at the UO.
The fund provides academic year fellowships to female Saudi students who wish to enroll in the University of Oregon graduate programs in global health related fields. The overarching goals of the scholarship include:
Applicants must be U.S. citizens holding a B.A. degree or equivalent before the beginning date of the grant. Provides round-trip travel, tuition, books, and stipend for one academic year. Approximately 1,300 awards are available for study in over 140 countries. Applies to course work, master's or dissertation research.
This program provides grants to colleges and universities to fund individual doctoral students who conduct research in other countries, in modern foreign languages and area studies for periods of six to 12 months.Projects deepen research knowledge on and help the nation develop capability in areas of the world not generally included in U.S. curricula. Projects focusing on Western Europe are not supported.
Golden Key International is the world's largest collegiate honor society. Graduate students with a 3.7 GPA or higher are eligible to be members. Membership into the Golden Key is $80 and students are eligible to apply for awards including the Graduate Scholar Award- $10,000 and the Education Debt Reduction Award- $5,000. Information on the University of Oregon's chapter can be found at http://uoregon.goldenkey.org.
Provides between $1,000 and $5,000 per academic year (not including summer) to 350 Native American and Alaska Native graduate students. To be eligible you must be pursuing a post baccalaureate graduate or professional degree as a full time student at an accredited institution in the U.S., able to demonstrate financial need, and an enrolled member of a federally recognized American Indian or Alaska Native group, or provide documentation of descendency.
Grants to fund research on congressional leadership and the U.S. Congress. The competition is open to individuals with a serious interest in studying Congress. Political scientists, historians, biographers, scholars of public administration or American studies, and journalists are among those eligible. The Center encourages graduate students who have successfully defended their dissertation prospectus to apply and awards a significant portion of the funds for dissertation research. Applicants must be U.S. citizens who reside in the United States.
Organized to help early-stage graduate students in the humanities and social sciences formulate effective doctoral dissertation proposals. The DPDF program selects five different fields of study each year for dissertation research proposal training, choosing emerging or reinvigorating fields that address broad public concerns and can be approached from multiple intellectual, societal, and geographic perspectives. Students may apply for up to $5,000 to cover summer research costs.
The STEM Chateaubriand Fellowship program targets outstanding Ph.D. students enrolled in an American university who wish to conduct part of their doctoral research in a French laboratory for a 4 to 9 month period. The Office of Science and Technology provide a stipend of up to 1,400 €/month (depending on other sources of funding) and cover the cost of travel and student health insurance.STEM Chateaubriand fellows are selected through a merit-based competition. Priority is given to candidates working toward a "double degree" (cotutelle) with their host institution.
Provides support for Ph.D. candidates to conduct dissertation research in Latin America and the Caribbean on topics related to grassroots development. Funding is for between four and 12 months, and includes a monthly stipend of $1,500, a research allowance of up to $3,000, health insurance, and round-trip economy-class transportation to the field research site from the Fellow's primary residence.
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ADDISON COUNTY — Recent blasts of winter weather were tiresome news for some, but for maple sugarmakers around Addison County, nightly drops in temperatures have been like manna from heaven.
"This freezing at nighttime has helped us, I'll be honest," said Salisbury sap collector Reginald Betourney.
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ADDISON COUNTY — After working up to 40 hours a week since the start of winter getting his taps in the maple trees, tubing cleaned and hung and sap boiling and syrup bottling system ready to go, Don Gale of Lincoln described the sugaring season so far in three words:
"Nothing, nada, zero."
Our roller coaster temperatures have made it difficult to determine just what season it is, but the maple trees have decided that it is spring.
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WEYBRIDGE — Local lawmakers on Monday cited the so-called "provider tax" as a prime reason the state should scrap the current health care system and adopt a single-payer plan.
The House recently passed an increase in the provider tax that is assessed to hospitals, home health care agencies and other providers. It has now been extended to third-party health insurance claims.


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Job Board >> Browse Articles >> featured
Quiz Series: What's Your Government Specialty?
Kyle Stone | Associate Editor, GovCentral
You're interested in a career in Government work – but did you ever stop to think about what type of work, specifically, you are interested in doing? The field of Government work represents a multitude of career paths – would you prefer to be an Engineer for the Navy, designing ships and submarines, or an aerospace technologist for NASA? A chemist for the Food and Drug Administration, or a physical therapist for the Department of Veteran's Affairs? A CIA investigator, or an employee of local or state government?
You should make the most of your career by choosing a specialization that matches your personality. GovCentral has compiled a set of comprehensive mini-quizzes to help our members discover where their true passion for government work is the strongest. Jump in and find your niche!
NEW AND IMPROVED QUIZ: Which Federal Jobs Are Right for You?
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