text: CDD> Transportation> Getting Around Cambridge> By Bike By Bike Many people in Cambridge choose to use a bicycle to get around. Some do it for convenience, others for exercise, and yet others because it is economical. More and more people in Cambridge - and throughout the United States - are traveling by bike. The City promotes bicycling as an environmentally friendly form of travel - it is a key element of the official plan for reducing air pollution and addressing climate change. Every person who is on a bike takes up less room on the street, reduces congestion, decreases parking demand, and decreases air pollution. Bicycling also supports both individual and public health goals of promoting healthy exercise. It is important that our roads not only accommodate people who bicycle but invite them to do so. In order to support and promote bicycling, the City is working to further enhance the bicycle facility network, add bicycle parking throughout the City, promote bicycling through rides and events, contribute to bicycle training in schools and elsewhere for both children and adults, and add bike share as an option for residents, visitors, and workers. Have a question? Check out our FAQ page. The NEW "Bikes in Cambridge" page Cambridge Bicycle Network Plan Blue Bikes Bike Share By the Numbers: Data and Trends Bike Toolbox Bicycle Facilities: Lanes, Paths, etc. Wayfinding Bicycle Parking Cambridge Bicycle Committee Policies Rules of the Road Cambridge Police Department and Bike Safety Bike Safety CitySmart Resources for Cyclists CitySmart Resources for Kids CitySmart Resources for City Employees Check back here often for upcoming bike events! Keep track of how far you bike! How much money are you saving? What is your environmental impact? Community Bicycle Workshops Learn to Ride! (not a program of the City) For more Information For more information on bike policies and infrastructure in Cambridge, contact Cara Seiderman, 617/349-4629 or firstname.lastname@example.com. To learn more about cycling in our community, please check out CitySmart by Bike.


text:
A colleague and I were working on a project and decided to take a break and head over to Peet's for a cappuccino. When I brought our drinks to the table, my associate – we'll call her Jennifer – was banging away pretty intensely on her iPhone. Just then, an image popped into my mind. I considered letting it go, then thought, nah, I can't resist.
"Hey Jen, you know what you look like just then?"
Continue Reading Below
She looked up from her phone, curious. "What?"
"Well," I said, "You look sort of like a lab rat in a Skinner box."
"Don't take that the wrong way," I said.
"Why should I?" said Jen, "You just said I look like a rodent? How could I possibly take that the wrong way?
"Sorry, that's not exactly what I meant," I said, trying to recover. "It's not you. It's just that, whenever I see people thumbing like crazy with their eyes glued to one of those things, that's what pops into my mind."
"A rat. That's what pops into your mind? A rat?"
"Not just a rat. A rat in a Skinner box experiment."
"A what?"
"Don't you know what a Skinner box is?"
"No. Should I?"
"Well, yeah. It's a famous animal conditioning experiment. This guy Skinner trained lab rats to press a lever whenever a light came on – they got food as a reward. Before long, they got really good at it."
"Right, I remember that from college psych. I just didn't know what it was called," she said. "But what's that got to do with what I was doing?"
"I'm not sure," I said. "What were you doing just then?"
"I was on Twitter. I was tweeting."
"Ah," I said. "Same thing."
"As what?" She said, sounding a little annoyed, "Same thing as what?"
"The Skinner box."
"How so?"
"Twitter (NYSE:TWTR), Facebook (NASDAQ:FB), LinkedIn (NYSE:LNKD) … it's all the same thing. So are most games and probably much of what you do online."
"I seriously doubt that."
"It's true," I said. "OK. Tell me this. Why do you tweet?"
"It's a news feed."
"I know that. What I'm asking is why do you tweet?
"Um … to get followers. To build my social network. My personal brand."
"But what does that do for you? I mean, how many years have you been using Twitter? In all that time, after all those tweets, retweets, favorites, pics … has any good really come of it? Anything that matters? Maybe a few click through to your site, but then what? Does any real business come of it? I mean, where's the ROI, Jen?
"Hmm. I've never really thought about it," she said, "Now that you mention it, it does sort of tug at me. Whenever I get some free time, I like to see who's retweeting me, who's following me. I tweet; they tweet back. It's sort of like a game. It's fun, I guess."
There it was. The truth. For most of us, there really isn't any ROI for much of what we do on social networks. And there's actually little benefit to most of the time we spend with our eyes glued to our smartphones, as well. So why do we do it? There are two reasons. One is sociological, but the primary reason is biological and biochemical.
Part of the human brain is called the limbic system. One of its primary functions is to reward and reinforce behavior associated with survival of the individual and the species using powerful neurotransmitters. And nearly all those survival behaviors involve being around people.
That's why we evolved as social creatures. That's why we have friends, groups, organizations, villages, and civilization: strength and safety in numbers.
But here's the thing. The limbic system is primitive. It's millions of years old. And it doesn't know the difference between socializing with real people – which wasn't very common back when we lived in caves – and social networking, which we can now do at the touch of a button. And since it's easy and it feels really good, we do it.
If that sounds at all like the rats in a Skinner box, then you get the point. It is the same mechanism: Animal conditioning. Our brains are conditioned to seek out others. Our limbic systems reward and reinforce that behavior when we do. And since we can do it at the touch of a button, we hit that button over and over, whenever we can.
But in the modern world, that function serves no purpose. We're all relatively safe. Food, friends and potential mates are plentiful. That particular function of the limbic system is like a vestigial organ. The great irony is, the more time we spend online, the less time we spend with real people in the real world, so the more isolated and less socialized we actually become.
Fortunately, we've evolved since we were cavemen. And while the limbic system is still in full effect, we now have frontal lobes – the part of the human brain that's responsible for rational thought. So we don't have to mindlessly keep pressing that lever over and over to get a reward. We can overrule that primitive behavior with logical reasoning and discipline.
But you still have a choice to make. Today, millions of people are using that sophisticated part of their brain to rationalize the massive amounts of time they waste online – ironically, becoming less socialized and less connected. That's the societal reason I mentioned earlier: Everyone's doing it so it must be good.
Well, everyone is not doing it. All the successful and accomplished people I know have little time to waste online. And the vast majority of CEOs don't use social media.
You don't have to behave like a lab rat in a Skinner box. The choice is yours.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Salvation Army of Greater Rochester announced goals of raising $560,000 and attracting 10,000 volunteers for its 112th Annual Red Kettle Campaign.
After surpassing its goal last year for the first time since 2005, Salvation Army officials are optimistic for this year.
"The volunteer bell ringers during the Red Kettle Campaign are as critical as the actual donations are to the success of the campaign," said Randy Orr, captain for the Salvation Army of Greater Rochester. "Having a family chair the campaign is a great way to encourage the community to start a tradition with their families and give back to people in need."
(c) 2012 Rochester Business Journal. To obtain permission to reprint this article, call 585-546-8303 or email email@example.com.


text: Ahmedabad is one the famous city in Gujarat .There are many types of Hotels in Ahmedabad which are available for online booking. You can choose Hotels in Ahmedabad and book best hotels at a reasonable rates with Indiahotelsroom.com . You can view all these amazing places at Ahmedabad by staying there in some good hotels comfortably Ahmedabad , You can book Hotels in Ahmedabad well in advance and live comfortably during your holidays in season time at discounted Price.


text:
Happy anniversary to my wonderful husband!
Tuesday, April 30, 2013
Happy Anniversary!
Posted by Heather Kuhn Roelker at 7:52 AM
4 comments:
- Wendy said...
Happy Anniversary Heather! (It's my sister and brother-in-law's anniversary today too - 30 years for them.)
- April 30, 2013 at 12:18 PM
- Kathryn said...
Happy Anniversary Heather and wishing you many more happy years together!
- April 30, 2013 at 4:44 PM
- Yvonne Demoskoff said...
Happy anniversary, Heather! I bet you didn't stay outdoors too long for that photo, judging by the snow in the background!
- May 1, 2013 at 12:26 PM
- Heather Kuhn Roelker said...
Thank you all for the kind comments! Yvonne, it was a weird weather day. It did snow, but it really wasn't that cold! The real excitement was the bear that was hanging out by the trash bin at the lodge!
- May 6, 2013 at 10:31 AM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
Product Guy
No plan survives first contact with customers.
– Steve Blank
It's a fitting quote for product development, especially for teams in search of product/market fit. It's a war. If you're working on a mature product it's more akin to peace time preparations for the next war, pontificating where the war will be fought. Personally, it's the war that excites me. The front lines.
The world looks one way in peacetime but very different when you must fight for your life every day.
– Ben Horowitz
It's the post-industrial economy, the creative economy, and we're on the front lines of trying to create value in something new – innovation. There aren't any recipes, especially as the pursuit of a larger audience pushes more of Silicon Valley into the realm of entertainment products. It isn't easy, it isn't fun, but it can be rewarding if you succeed. Most will fail.
Team Ninja
With chance for failure so high, it's paramount to go into battle with a flexible and resilient team. You're going to have setbacks, opportunities will come and go, and if you can capitalize on one of those opportunities or just get lucky it'll then be a question of whether you can hold on. Over the years I've had the privilege to work with and build some great teams that pulled off some amazing stuff. Many of those teams also began in less than ideal situations, but you do whatever is needed to get them to gel and perform. Many times it's more about the little things rather than the grand gestures. In that light, I consider myself a "team ninja" as some call themselves "code ninjas".
I've always dreamed of writing the Great American screenplay and discovering the canonical example for interactive story. On the screenwriting front I've spent 10 years or more pursuing the dream in one form or another. I even did the Hollywood thing for a couple of years. The latest product of that pursuit is a screenplay and soon to be graphic novel – KillRez.
As for interactive story, the examples range from visual novels to Choose Your Own Adventure but none has proven to be that popular or established itself as the canonical example. My personal search has lead me through two virtual worlds startups, a few attempts of my own, and I even dipped my toe into casual games. I was fortunate enough to actually build a few interactive stories while at Visual Purple, oddly enough as training simulations for the FBI and Intelligence Community. At Visual Purple I also got to work with some of the pioneers of interactive movies which was great learning. All in all though, I'm like most of the interactive story enthusiasts – still searching. Hopefully virtual reality will prove to be the missing ingredient.


text:
Al Plumb, co-owner of Alpco Recycling Inc., has built his business by going against the grain.
"One of the things I learned a long time ago is that you can find success in doing the things that no one else wants to do," he says. "Not too many people want to go through somebody else's garbage and sort it out. So that's what we do."
Alpco is a complete recycling operation that collects and sorts materials that otherwise would go to a landfill. The company processes the materials into a form that can be made into new products. Alpco also offers smaller services primarily for its residential customers, including refilling of propane tanks.
Alpco's operation occupies roughly 150 acres of land in Macedon, Wayne County, that is owned by Plumb. The business has some 140 employees and has seen solid growth over the past few years.
After being hit hard by the recession in 2009, Alpco increased revenue by 20 percent in 2010. Last year, the company grew by 28 percent, with the bulk of its business being commercial.
Turning 50
This year, Alpco is celebrating its 50th anniversary, and Plumb says the company is on pace for 10 percent growth in 2012. While he attributes the success to great employees and a bit of luck, Janelle Plumb, his wife, who co-owns the business with him, says Al deserves most of the credit.
"Alpco's success is really about Al and his vision," she says. "He is a tremendous businessman. His guidance and leadership are the driving force behind what we do here."
Al Plumb's father started Alpco Inc. as a gravel business in 1962. It supplied gravel to companies such as Xerox Corp. that were seeing tremendous growth and expansion.
As one of six siblings, Plumb spent most of his youth working for farmers in Macedon. He planned to be a farmer when he got older.
But as Alpco grew, he went to work for his father. By the time he was 19, Plumb was running the business.
"My father liked running equipment and being a mechanic, but he didn't like building a business," recalls Plumb. "So I handled that side of things for him."
In 1965, Alpco got into the landfill business. Plumb said the company once owned the landfill site in Perinton that is now High Acres Landfill and Recycling, a division of Waste Management of New York LLC.
After 10 years of being in the landfill business, Plumb had an epiphany. He noticed Alpco was burying a lot of materials that could be reused.
"It just didn't make sense," he says. "The industry was making a business out of throwing away stuff that could be recycled."
Alpco remained primarily a gravel and landfill company through most of the 1980s. However, when the company began to struggle, Plumb saw recycling as a way to grow.
He purchased the family business in 1989, changed the name to Alpco Recycling and converted it to a full recycling operation. Plumb says the decision was not popular.
"No one in my family wanted to be in the recycling business," he says. "But I felt the gravel business was slow and boring. In order to grow the business, I knew we had to become a complete recycling facility that could do it all, whether it was plastics, paper, cardboard, steel or whatever."
Alpco started by charging department stores and corporations almost nothing for loads of materials those companies would otherwise have to pay top dollar to take to landfills. Alpco would make money by processing the materials and selling them to manufacturers.
Plumb says it took two to three years for the business to become profitable.
In recent years, he says, bottle and can redemption, scrap metal and wood salvage have generated the most growth. But because the industry can be unpredictable, he likes to focus evenly on growing and refining each aspect of the business.
"Even if one area of the industry may be on the rise, I still try to develop it so there can be steady and equal growth in all departments," says Plumb. "That way if one area happens to be down for a bit, the others can carry it."
Alpco grew steadily throughout the 1990s, going from roughly 20 employees to more than 100. However, Plumb stepped away from day-to-day operations in 1998 when his first wife became ill.
"She was diagnosed with cancer," Plumb says. "They gave her just a few months to live. I decided I didn't need to be here anymore."
Plumb spent his wife's final days at her side. During the next 10 years, he traveled around the country, serving as a motivational speaker and giving lessons on how to build a business. Krista Walker-Smolnik ran Alpco during that time; she left the company in early 2009.
His return
After a decade away from Alpco, Plumb found himself bringing those lessons back to his company in 2008 as Alpco began feeling the early effects of the recession. He gave up working as a motivational speaker to concentrate on Alpco.
Plumb says his philosophy for running a business is simple, relying on hard work and putting together a strong team of managers.
"You can't grow if you don't have managers that you can trust," Plumb says. "When I'm in my office, I have cameras overlooking every part of the facility so I can see if any of my managers need any help from me."
After taking a step back in 2009, Alpco saw a surge in revenue in 2010. Plumb attributes much of the success to mere good fortune.
However, Janelle Plumb says it was Al's inspirational leadership that turned things around.
"When Al came back, everything changed," she says. "You could see everyone's spirits lift. Things began running much more smoothly, and business began to grow again. It's a testament to Al's knowledge of business. He knows how to keep evolving."
At 62, Plumb remains an integral part of the business. He works perhaps 100 hours a week, overseeing all operational aspects of the company.
Plumb begins each day driving around the facility and meeting with the managers of each department. He says he relies on his wife and the company's president, Donna Figel, to help with the other aspects of running the business.
Plumb insists he does not have any hobbies outside of work. However, Colleen Wightman, marketing director for Alpco, says Plumb is just being modest.
"Al's hobby is being generous and giving back to the community," says Wightman. "He'll never admit it, but he does so much when it comes to helping people and giving to charity."
Wightman says that when Plumb is not at work, he spends much of his time promot-ing energy conservation and recycling with companies and community organizations.
Though Alpco moved out of the residential waste hauling business 10 years ago, Plumb came up with the idea of creating a drop-off circle at the facility where residents can bring materials to be recycled rather than paying more money for someone to haul it to a dump.
"It's not the biggest generator of revenue," he says. "But it gives people in the community an incentive to recycle."
Annette Leahy, Plumb's neighbor in Macedon, says his work in the community and willingness to give to worthy causes are as commendable as his business sense.
"When I met Al Plumb, I quickly learned he had a reputation in the community for being a sharp businessman, for being someone others went to for help and for supporting myriad charitable causes," Leahy says.
Alpco held a 50th-anniversary celebration at its facilities in May. Employees and community members gathered to celebrate the company Plumb has spent most of his life building.
However, Plumb does not plan to spend the rest of his life working 100-hour weeks.
"I'm not one of these guys who plan to work until I'm 90 years old," he says.
Plumb plans to step away from day-to-day operations at Alpco within the next few years. But you can expect he will still find some way to stay busy.
"I have a problem just sitting still," he says. "I'll find something to do."
Al Plumb
Position: Co-owner, Alpco Recycling Inc.
Age: 62
Family: Wife Janelle; daughters Jody Poulakis and Tracy Plumb; stepdaughter Chelsea DePoint; stepson Seth DePoint.
Residence: Macedon
Activities: Spending time with family, nature walks
Quote: "Building a business, no matter what the industry, is really about hard work. And sometimes when you work hard, you get lucky."
6/15/12 (c) 2012 Rochester Business Journal. To obtain permission to reprint this article, call 585-546-8303 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.


text: Barack H. Obama is the 44th president of the United States. He was born in Hawaii on Aug. 4, 1961. After college he moved to Chicago, where he became a community activist. Obama attended law school at Harvard, returning to Chicago as an attorney and law professor, and was elected to the Illinois State Senate in 1996. He was elected to the United States Senate in 2004. Obama, America's first black president, was elected Nov. 4, 2008, and re-elected in 2012. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.


text:
Elon Musk's Solution to Boeing's Battery Problem
He might have spent the last week fighting a different battle, but the PayPal / SpaceX / Tesla / SolarCity founder is clearly a pretty capable multitasker. He's been spending some time thinking about how Boeing can, in the long term, design a better battery for its 787 Dreamliner jets: one that avoids the nasty habit of catching on fire that the current ones seem to have.
Working on space ships, electric cars and solar energy systems means Elon Musk has a good degree of experience with battery technology. He also has a degree of self-interest in seeing this resolved smartly: if the public perception of advanced electric batteries becomes defined by fire risk, that isn't good news for the world's most ambitious electric car company.
So Mr Musk wants to see a conclusive fix. Here's what he told Bloomberg TV today regarding the 787 Dreamliner and its challenges:
"The 787 batteries have very large cells, the battery cells are very big and they're quite close together and there's not enough insulation between the cells. So if one cell goes into thermal runaway and catches on fire, it's going to cascade into the other cells.
The approach we take at Tesla and SpaceX is we have smaller battery cells with gaps between them, and we make sure that if there's a thermal runaway event which creates quite a bit of fire and smoke that it directs that fire away from other cells, so you don't have this domino effect….
The long term solution for having a battery pack that's reliable and safe and lasts a long time is to reduce the size of the cells, and have more cells that are smaller and have bigger gaps and better thermal insulation between the cells."
Boeing has been rushing to develop a fix that can get its Dreamliners back in the air quickly — test flights demonstrating the proposed fix could be approved by regulators as early as next week, the WSJ's Andy Pasztor reports today. What does that fix look like? As Pasztor and Jon Ostrower wrote last week:
In addition to the fireproof containers, which Boeing already has begun manufacturing, the company's proposals envision other measures to mitigate hazards from heat or flames. They range from enhanced cockpit checklists to system modifications designed to more-effectively vent fumes outside the plane. The battery itself, according to one person briefed on the details, is slated to be redesigned to increase separation between cells and measure their individual temperature and voltage.
Some of those measures sound close to what Mr Musk is suggesting, but what isn't clear yet is whether Boeing plans on getting its planes off the ground with a quick fix or a final, long-term solution. Mr Musk is suggesting a battery redesign, but Boeing may still get approval for the 787 to return to their air with something less than a total overhaul — even if such an overhaul might come in the months or years after the immediate crisis is resolved.


text: Hi, Yes, that will work. But what if I already have a number of nodes running and I want to add in new nodes? Will that try to write to existing nodes? I encountered the above scenerio recently, and it seems that beofdisk try to write to all nodes, regardless of existing or new nodes, although it was unsuccessful on the former. Kian. Rick Niles <niles at scyld.co To: beowulf at beowulf.org m> cc: Sent by: Subject: Re: Beoboot-install help! beowulf-admin at b eowulf.org 01/23/01 11:50 PM > About beofdisk, is it possible to do a "fdisk" to a particular node? Like > in "bpctl" or "beoboot-install". YES! If you do: "bpsh 0 fdisk /dev/hda" set the first node the way you want and then if you do "beofdisk -q" it will remember this partition scheme in /etc/beowulf/fstab/hda:c:h:s (where c,h,s is ...) Then doing a "beofdisk -w" to write that partition scheme to the whole cluster. Note the main prompt in fdisk flushes correctly, but some of the others prompts can't be seen, so you'll have to remember the order of prompts from memory. (I'll fix this ASAP.) Hope this helps, Rick Niles. Scyld Computing Corporation _______________________________________________ Beowulf mailing list Beowulf at beowulf.org http://www.beowulf.org/mailman/listinfo/beowulf


text:
GRIDLEY — Work starting soon to upgrade a PG&E electric substation near Gridley will result in two brief power outages in Biggs next week.
Two new remotely operated high-voltage circuit breakers are being installed, replacing two switches that had to be operated manually.
This will allow PG&E to restore power more quickly in case of outages in southern Butte County and northern Sutter County.
The new circuit breakers also will enable PG&E to feed power in both directions on a set of 60,000-volt power lines between Oroville, Gridley and Live Oak, which will also shorten outages.
Two power outages in Biggs of up to 15 minutes will be necessary while the circuits are switched.
The first outage will occur around midnight, either very late Tuesday, or very early Wednesday morning. The second will occur before 5 a.m. on Wednesday.


text:
Exclusive Details
The engagement comes 4 months after Kim and Kanye's daughter North was born -- and 18 months after they went public as a couple.
Monday was Kim's 33rd birthday. This will be her third shot at "til death do us part," and Kanye's first.
BTW -- In case you're interested, it costs $35k to rent out the field. We're guessing he can afford it.


text:
The Devil Wears Prada Gallery
Meryl Streep has a blast as the boss from hell in fashion-based comedy-drama The Devil Wears Prada, while Anne Hathaway must contend with her bad attitude. Check out some of the fashions on show with our photo gallery…
Roll your mouse over the left and right-hand sides of the image and then click to view more pictures.
1 of 9
Read our review of The Devil Wears Prada or our interviews with Anne Hathaway and Meryl Streep
Latest Galleries: Casino Royale 2 l Little Miss Sunshine l The Black Dahlia l The Sentinel l Severance l Volver l Miami Vice Gallery 1 l Miami Vice Gallery 2 l Pirates of the Caribbean l Pirates of the Caribbean: UK premiere l Lost – Season 2


text: On Mon, 27 Oct 2008, Joe Landman wrote: > Sadly, I feel as if we are playing "whack-a-mole" with these issues. Well, that's a long time feeling of mine, having to face the same issues independent of the size of the group of scientists that have to use the computer setup (as this is not cluster specific). > "c" is 'easy' (yeah, I know its wrong), but we can disable all suid > programs on the machine that are accessible from users accounts. And if something doesn't need suid to be dangerous ? > "a" is hard. Academics like to share things. We need to find a way > to let them do this. Securely. By all means, let me know if you find something that works - I've been trying for close to 10 years :-) > So we are going to take a different approach. Can you give more details please ? -- Bogdan Costescu IWR, University of Heidelberg, INF 368, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany Phone: +49 6221 54 8240, Fax: +49 6221 54 8850 E-mail: bogdan.costescu at iwr.uni-heidelberg.de


text:
|Hose Clamp
|Single Ear - Pinch
|Zinc Plated Steel
|Pack Quantity:
|Min Diameter:
|Max Diameter:
|Band Width (B):
|Band Thickness (C):
The Single Ear Hose Clamp or Pinch clip is manufactured from Zinc Plated or 304 Stainless Steel and is an economical solution for many simple hose assemblies. The single ear hose clamp can be used with air or other fluids. These pinch clamps are ideal for demanding applications involving soft or hard rubbers and plastics. The design also ensures a uniform compression around the whole circumference of the hose clamp.
Single Ear Hose Clamp 304 Stainless Steel
Due to the AISI-304 Steel used in the manufacture of these clips, their corrosion resistance is outstanding making them suitable for outdoor & marine applications. Like all ear clips, once mounted they are tamper-proof.
Single Ear Hose Clamp with Inner Ring
The inner ring means tha the clamp fits snugly around the hose while the bevelled edges protect the hose from being pinched during fitting. The use of one ear clamps with inner-ring is recommended when working with delicate hoses.
For further information including sizes and drawings please download the Technical Sheet.
Data sheet
- Material
- W1 - Zinc Plated Steel
- Min Diameter
- 16.0mm
- Max Diameter
- 18.0mm


text:
3-D image from NOAA Exclusive Economic Zone Mapping Project.
Shepard Meander of Monterey Canyon looking to northeast.
Note dune structures south (to right) of meander
Image ID: theb3848, Voyage To Inner Space - Exploring the Seas With NOAA Collect
Location: California, Monterey Bay
Photo Date: 1989
Credit: Captain Albert E. Theberge, NOAA Corps (ret.)
Category: Charting/Soundings/Bathymetry/Multi-Beam/
• High Resolution Photo Available
of the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic & Atmospheric
Adminstration (NOAA),
NOAA Central Library
NOAA Privacy Policy
| NOAA Disclaimer
Last Updated:
November 10, 2017


text:
Unstoppable Gorg - Attack of the Gorg and the Brain Riders Gameplay
A victory uncovers new threats.
A victory uncovers new threats.
A player makes the sun angry.
A player defeats space foes and gains a new unit.
Unstoppable Gorg has launched on Steam!
A revolutionary tower defense gameplay trailer for the Unstoppable Gorg.
This trailer showcases the orbital gameplay in Unstoppable Gorg, an upcoming tower defense game that challenges you to defend the solar system from fearsome aliens by sending satellites into orbit.
Check out this propaganda-style recruitment film for Unstoppable Gorg.
Unstoppable Gorg is a thrilling space defense game inspired by vintage sci-fi from the 1940s and 1950s.
Use your keyboard!
Log in to comment


text:
Stung by the human desire to avert one's eyes from death and decaying bodies, Emma Kisiel presents Down to Sleep, a series of images that—-like her other series At Rest— forces us to kneel in mourning over the bodies forgotten dead animals,. As she happens upon an animal, she crouches down, fixes each within a compassionate and gentle frame, immortalizing each in a way evocative of Victorian post-mortem photography, each appearing as if he is merely asleep.
Kisiel's subjects, their lives affirmed and dignified despite their tragic and lonesome deaths, are afforded a painfully loving final farewell. Through their passings, their bodies are sectioned off and dissected by the artist's frame, leaving only the most poignant physical markers of a meaningful life; with each patch of fur, each tooth and eye, each clasped claw, the viewer is permitted to examine the creature with a balefully sensual intimacy.
Viewers are invited to engage with each animal in a funerary ritual free of any artifice that might make their demise more palatable; they aren't embalmed, stuffed, or even buried. The are left, haloed in nature's humble offerings of grass or pebbles, in the exact place and time at which their lives were taken; as time passes, we recognize that these sleepy bodies will disintegrate.
Each animal subject, shot in natural light, offers an honest rendition of death, for as hard as the Kisiel's camera might work to give meaning to a life lost, it also relentlessly reminds us that discarded bodies will inevitably be vanished and consumed by the earth. But perhaps this is the most compassionate way in which we can examine the dead, as eventually forgotten yet eternally potent reminders of the preciousness of life; in these happenstance grave sites, a simple but meaningful meditation on existence take place. (via Lenscratch)


text:
Free UK delivery
Free UK delivery
Sold Out £14.95
These soft and furry fully microwaveable soft toy hotties make fantastic bedtime buddies, their warmth and relaxing fragrance help soothe, comfort and aid restful sleep.
Filled with specially treated wheat grains and scented with dried French lavender. A safe alternative to a hot water bottle, no more boiling water to contend with! Mess free, easy to use and extremely effective, this Cozy Plush microwavable hottie smells gorgeous.
Ideal for cold nights watching TV on the sofa or at bedtime and the relaxing smell of lavender is an added bonus. Made by Intelex the inventors of the first fully microwaveable soft toys.
Fully microwaveable to sooth, relax and comfort.
Category: Lavender, Microwave Soft Toy
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text:
Mcgovern Maryann Sister
- Address: 6 Kennedy Dr, 08012, Blackwood, United States
- Ticket Price: Free
- Tags: Community And Government, Religious, Churches
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- Mcgovern Maryann Sister Address: 6 Kennedy Dr, 08012, Blackwood, United States
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text:
All-electric compact commutes up to 100 miles.
Compact Cars
Editor: New Car Test Drive
$35,200 Base Price MSRP
$38,100 As Tested MSRP
Model Lineup: "Nissan Leaf SV ($35,200); SL ($37,250)"
Standard Engine: "synchronous AC electric drive motor, laminated lithium-ion battery"
Engine Options: 80-kilowatt electric motor
Standard Transmission: direct drive
Transmission Options: electric motor reduction gear
Basic Warranty: "3 years/36,000 miles"
Assembled In: "Oppama, Japan"
Model Tested MSRP: "Nissan Leaf ($37,780)"
Standard Equipment: "cloth upholstery, automatic climate control, trip computer, navigation, Bluetooth, six-speaker audio system with CD player, satellite radio, USB/iPod port and an auxiliary audio jack, quick-charge port, heated steering wheel, auto-dimming rearview mirror, heated front seats, heated rear seats, 60/40 folding rear seats, keyless ignition/entry, power door locks and windows, cruise control, LED headlamps, heated exterior mirrors, automatic headlights, foglamps, spoiler-mounted solar panel, rearview camera, battery heater, cargo cover, 16-inch alloy wheels"
Options As Tested: none
Standard Safety Equipment: "front airbags, side airbags, side curtain, ABS, traction control, yaw control, roll control"
Optional Safety Equipment: noneDestination Charge: $850
Leaf is a four-door compact car that seats five. Nissan says LEAF is an acronym for Low Emission Automobile of the Future.
The promise of the Leaf is an operating range of 100 miles, a top speed of 90 mph, and a 0-60 acceleration time of about 7 seconds flat. With ordinary house current, the Leaf will charge up overnight. With a 240-volt home, business or rental charging unit, it will charge in four hours. It's all-electric, you never need to pull into a gas station in this car.
The Leaf is a zero-tailpipe-emissions vehicle. However, that word tailpipe is important because no vehicle is truly zero-emissions when production and distribution are taken into account. In an attempt to score more points with eco-warriors, Leaf uses recycled water bottles for its seat coverings and a range of other wood and plastic recycled and recyclable materials in its interior and exterior design. Nissan claims the Leaf is the greenest production car ever built, and is itself 94 percent recyclable.
The 2012 Leaf comes with more standard features, including heated exterior mirrors, a battery heater, heated front seats and a heated steering wheel. A quick-charge port now comes standard on the top-of-the-line 2012 Leaf SL.
However, Nissan says, using the national average for electricity rates, a full overnight battery charge will only cost one dollar. Federal and state tax subsidies may help you at tax time, but you'll have to check the details carefully as it varies dramatically among the states.
The benefits of owing an electric car such as the Leaf may not all be measured in dollars and cents, either. In some states, an electric car means unrestricted access to the carpool/HOV lanes on the highways even while driving alone. For those who slog through stop-and-go traffic twice a day, this perk could bring welcome relief. However, it's worth keeping in mind that in crowded cities like Los Angeles, the congested commute lanes don't move much faster."
"The 2012 Nissan Leaf comes in two versions, SV and SL.
Standard equipment on the SV ($35,200) includes 16-inch alloy wheels, LED headlamps, heated exterior mirrors, a battery heater, an adjustable driver seat, a heated tilt-only steering wheel, cloth upholstery, auto-dimming rearview mirror, heated front seats, heated rear seats that fold 60/40, keyless ignition/entry, full power accessories, cruise control and automatic climate control. A trip computer, navigation, and Bluetooth are also standard, as well as a six-speaker audio system with a CD player, satellite radio, USB/iPod port and an auxiliary audio jack. Also included is the Nissan Connection interface, which allows drivers to access battery charging data and activate the climate control system via a smartphone.
The Leaf SL ($37,250) includes everything above plus automatic headlights, foglamps, a spoiler-mounted solar panel, rearview camera and a cargo cover, as well as a quick-charge port that can charge the car to 80 percent capacity in 30 minutes at high-voltage public charging stations."
Walk Around
"These days, car design tends to be less by imagination and more by wind tunnel. Designers and engineers took great care to make the Leaf as aerodynamic as possible in order to achieve the least amount of drag, and subsequently, the maximum amount of range.
Like all electric cars, the 2012 Nissan Leaf is extremely quiet. So quiet, in fact, that Nissan worked with a number of groups to design and build a noise generator that operates between 1 mph and 18 mph, to warn visually impaired pedestrians that a car is nearby. At speeds over 18 mph, the car is loud enough on its own to be heard.
The Leaf's electric charging system terminal resides in a hatch in the nose. Those raised headlamp units that stand proud off the front fenders were designed to split the air into two paths, so that the two paths would go around the outside rearview mirrors as quietly as possible. A similar low-noise treatment was done to the antenna. The big mouth on the bottom carries cooling air into the motor compartment and, interestingly, Nissan has made the underhood area look like a conventional four-cylinder engine and 12-volt battery. The slippery shape, which includes a completely flat bottom, generates a wind-tunnel coefficient of drag of only 0.29, among the best of all cars, because aerodynamic drag drains power and creates unwanted noise.
Nissan has equipped the Leaf with a system called Carwings, a smartphone application that can check state of charge, charging status, a start-charging command, and a remote switch to start the heating or cooling system. It can also tell the driver if the charger has been inadvertently or deliberately disconnected."
"Inside, the Leaf is simple, clean and modern, with the instrumentation packaged in a beautiful blue-tinted array of center, left, and right modules.
Special instruments include a large speedometer, battery temperature, power meter, remaining energy, capacity level, distance-to-empty, and an ECO mode indicator. The palm-sized floor shifter offers Park, Reverse, Neutral, Drive, and one more notch to the rear, Eco mode, which changes how the throttle and brakes work to give the best possible mileage performance from the battery. The Leaf navigation system is programmed to show all available public charging stations as well as a continuously updated circle of driving range overlaid on the nav map. There is a separate screen for charging timer to take advantage of low electricity rates at night, and a climate control timer screen.
The seats are comfortable and well fitting, the adjustable wheel is comfortable to use, and there is plenty of light coming into the car from the large windows and narrow pillars. There is more room inside the Leaf than it looks like from the outside."
Driving Impressions
"We had as much driving fun with the Leaf as we've had in a long time, because it is so very different from driving a traditional, gas-powered car. The electric motor provides tons of silent torque to get away from stoplights, and still has plenty of power for 40-70 mph passing maneuvers. And it will go better than 90 mph on level roads. If your goal is hyper-miling, getting the absolute most out of each battery charge, the instruments will help you all the way, including one at the top left that first completes a circle and then grows virtual trees as you drive.
The operating guts of the Nissan Leaf are a 600-pound laminated lithium-ion battery made up in a series of four cells to a module, and 48 modules, for a total of 192 batteries in the pack, made for Nissan by its battery partner, NEC of Japan. It uses a combination of lithium ion, manganese and graphite to generate electricity, which means there are no hazardous materials in the battery itself, and the flat battery, centered in the car under the floor for best handling, is permanently sealed and encased in a thick aluminum case.
The battery is capable of 90 kilowatts of power with a capacity of 4 kilowatt-hours, and will be warranted or eight years or 100,000 miles of operation. Through an elaborate electronic control system, the battery connects to a synchronous AC electric motor rated at 80 kilowatts and 280 Newton-meters (or 207 foot-pounds) of torque. The onboard battery charger, which comes into play automatically every time the accelerator pedal is released or the brake pedal is applied, through regenerative braking, is rated at 3.3 kilowatts.
The underpinnings of the welded unibody chassis are mostly derived from Nissan's worldwide network of B-sized cars like the Versa, with struts up front and a torsion beam suspension at the rear, simple, cheap to build, and largely effective. Everything in the car operates electrically, from the A/C system to the power steering, and it all works very well as a package. It turns in with authority, makes, quick left-right transitions, brakes very well, and in general drives like a normal Nissan small car.
Although design is subjective, we think the Leaf is really cute, with a combination of Japanese Nissan and French Renault design ideas inside and out, and it is not a small car, even though it looks small, as EPA rates it bigger than 100 cubic feet inside, qualifying it as a compact car. There is room for six-footers front and rear, and a very good storage trunk."
"With an average operating cost of only about 2.6 cents per mile versus more than 12 cents for a comparable gasoline car capable of 25 mpg, near-zero maintenance costs, and enough juice onboard to get most people where they need to go and back without worry, the Leaf would be a good deal without all the incentives, rebates and refunds, but, when those are all factored in, the Leaf looks like a solid deal for the American family commuter.
Jim McCraw filed this NewCarTestDrive.com report from Nashville, Tennessee, with Laura Burstein reporting from Los Angeles, California."
Top Cars


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European Commission
Brussels, 29 November 2012
Green Paper consultation on cross-border parcel delivery – frequently asked questions
1. Why is the European Commission adopting this Green Paper?
With this Green Paper, the Commission aims to support the development of e-Commerce by identifying policy options to improve cross-border parcel delivery.
E-commerce has tremendous potential to boost growth and create jobs.1 Companies that exploit the full potential of the Internet create more than twice as many jobs as companies that do not. In Europe, the EU Single Market for e-commerce is still not working as it should. This is due to a number of barriers, including problems with delivery systems which need to be addressed urgently. The European Commission's Communication on e-commerce and online services2, published in January 2012 (see IP/12/10), highlighted the fact that delivery systems are still inadequate for both businesses and end consumers3, and are particularly unsatisfactory when it comes to cross-border parcel delivery.4 The delivery market is currently failing to provide a basic reliable and affordable service for consumers buying online and the market is not adequately meeting the needs for delivery of e-retailers, notably SMEs.
2. Why are delivery services important for e-commerce?
Delivery is the final link in the e-commerce chain – goods bought online need to be physically delivered to the customer. So, accessible, affordable and high-quality delivery services are an essential element of the overall online purchasing experience of customers (senders as well as receivers). However, recent studies and consultations demonstrate that many customers are reluctant to purchase online, especially cross-border, because of uncertainties related to final delivery. In the EU, almost one in two consumers (47%) express concerns when it comes to making a cross-border transaction because of worries about delivery,5 and retailers are even more concerned (57%).6 The low level of integration of delivery operations, notably for cross-border sales, limits the growth potential of e-commerce. An efficient delivery (and return) system is key to facilitating further growth in e-commerce and therefore consumer choice and convenience.
3. What are the objectives of the public consultation and who can participate?
The initiative pursues two complementary objectives:
1) To identify ways to develop a seamless delivery process in the EU in order to support the growth of e-commerce, and
2) To ensure that e-commerce benefits are accessible to all citizens and SMEs across all regions in Europe via a sustainable and well-functioning delivery system.
Via the Green Paper, the Commission is launching an extensive consultation with stakeholders to collect information on the current state of the delivery markets for products bought online, and to identify any potential hurdles for the creation of an EU-wide integrated parcel delivery market. Furthermore, it would like to get stakeholders' views on how best to serve consumer interests. The Commission will evaluate the replies to the consultation and assess the need for policy initiatives to pave the way for an EU single market for delivery. The consultation is open to all parties and stakeholders interested in this issue. Virtually everyone who sends or receives parcels – and this is particularly relevant during the Christmas season – is affected by this initiative and therefore strongly encouraged to participate. Participants do not need to answer every question but can choose the issues that interest them.
4. What are the main areas that require improvement with regard to parcel delivery?
Three priority areas have been identified to address the problems and challenges faced by e-retailers and consumers in the EU:
1) "Convenience"/quality of service: Improving convenience of delivery services for consumers and SMEs across the EU. Consumers and retailers are worried about the delivery times, return procedures, possible damage sustained in the course of the delivery and lack of transparency (see question 5)
2) Prices/Cost-price relationships: Ensuring more cost-effective delivery solutions for consumers and SMEs. Prices are often significantly higher for individual senders than for companies sending large volumes. The delivery price charged by e-commerce sellers to consumers is on average twice as high for cross-border than for domestic deliveries.7
3) Interoperability: Promoting improved interoperability of delivery services between operators, and between operators and e-retailers, notably SMEs.
5. What are the main problems that consumers face with (cross-border) delivery in the context of online shopping?
Only 9%8 of EU consumers use cross-border e-commerce, while 47% of EU consumers say they worry about delivery in cross-border transactions.9 A study reveals that delivery concerns and concerns regarding returning products are the top two concerns of consumers when it comes to online shopping10. For cross-border online shoppers, long delivery time is the top concern (35%). High delivery costs are also an issue of concern. This is reflected in high prices for cross-border delivery in comparison to similar domestic services: It is much more expensive to send a parcel across borders; e.g. the price for sending a parcel from Aachen to Brussels is much higher than when sending the same parcel from Aachen to Munich, although the distance is shorter. Non-delivery and damage to products or lost items are also among the top concerns of consumers. Consumers want more convenient delivery, including more delivery options, more transparency of information about the delivery and the price, easier return procedures and user-friendly procedures. A 2009 Mystery shopping exercise on cross-border e-commerce revealed that the delivery time indicated for domestic offers was on average four days, compared to seven days for cross-border offers11.
6. What kind of problems and challenges do e-retailers face when it comes to cross-border delivery?
E-retailers want to respond to the needs and expectations of consumers, with simple, transparent, reliable shipping services12. However, cross-border delivery is considered to be an obstacle to cross-border sales by 57% of retailers.13 Another survey amongst eBay sellers in the UK, Germany and France revealed that 78% identify delivery costs as the main obstacle to cross-border e-commerce, while 42% refer to bad quality of delivery services. Studies identify issues such as higher delivery costs/prices, long delivery times, lack of information on the quality of delivery, complaint procedures, damaged or lost items, consumer rights and returns as relevant concerns14 for e-retailers. All these discourage companies, especially SMEs, from engaging in cross-border e-commerce. Against this background, e-retailers clearly need more options, (different offers and alternative delivery options), more flexibility from delivery services, and far more information and transparency from their delivery service providers. SMEs and micro-companies located in remoter areas or peripheral regions can only be sustainable if affordable and efficient delivery solutions are available.
Key facts and figures
7. How are delivery services regulated in the EU?
Delivery services are subject to a variety of rules and regulations. Under the Postal Services Directive all citizens of the EU have the right to basic postal services both domestically and cross-border, and this needs to be guaranteed by Member States. The majority of the Directive's rules, e.g. concerning the provision of a certain quality standard and principles concerning costs and prices, are linked to this universal services obligation (USO), which includes (in terms of volume) only a small percentage of "basic" parcels. The postal regulatory framework is therefore not designed to explicitly address the modern needs of consumers who buy online. Rules and regulations drawn from related sectors are applicable and/or can have an effect on the way shipping and delivery can be arranged. These include competition rules, consumer protection23, transport and logistics-related issues at EU and international level24, rules concerning urban planning, VAT, working conditions and customs.
8. What is the link between the Green Paper and other Commission initiatives?
The need for a Green Paper on parcel delivery was first identified in the European Commission's e-Commerce Communication of January 2012 (see IP/12/10), which responded directly to the request of the European Council of June 2011. More recently, the Single Market Act II communication and the European Parliament report on the Digital Single Market25 have both underlined the urgent need to address the concerns linked to delivery of parcels. The Green Paper is also closely linked to a number of on-going EU initiatives launched under the Europe 2020 strategy26 for growth & jobs, such as the 2009 Commission Communication on cross-border business-to-consumer e-commerce, and the implementation of the Digital Agenda for Europe. It complements related initiatives in the transport sector, such as the key policy initiatives set out in the Commission's White Paper "Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area", notably the e-freight initiative27, and the initiatives concerning the consumer protection framework.
9. Who will benefit from better-functioning delivery systems and how?
Consumers would very much welcome better delivery options that provide more accessible and clearer information regarding delivery options for products bought online, more convenient 'last miles' solutions to get their parcel, and more affordable tariffs - notably for cross-border deliveries. Better delivery options, whilst boosting the development of e-Commerce, will offer consumers a wider range of goods and services and lower prices, thanks in particular to online price and quality comparisons.
It will also be good for e-retailers. They will benefit from an EU-wide delivery system focusing on the specific needs of e-commerce, more innovation and greater transparency in the logistics chain. Both e-retailers and their customers would have greater choice between alternative delivery options that ideally would be:
Equally, large delivery operators (express integrators and large postal operators), would profit from the growth of e-commerce notably in terms of volumes. Smaller delivery operators (smaller postal and parcel operators, other logistics providers) who do not yet have a presence outside their domestic markets would additionally benefit from having the right framework for cross-border cooperation.
10. What are the next steps?
All stakeholders are invited to submit their contributions by 15 February 2013. Contributions will be published on the Commission's website, unless otherwise requested by the respondent. As a follow up to the Green Paper and on the basis of the responses received, the Commission will prepare a set of actions to be taken to complete the single market for parcels. These actions will be prepared with a view to providing solutions to help the development of a seamless delivery process in the EU which will in turn support the growth of e-commerce, create jobs, and ensure that the benefits of e-commerce are accessible to all citizens and SMEs across all regions of Europe. In order to attain these objectives, a strong commitment by all actors concerned is required. The Commission will take stock of the results achieved and identify any complementary measures to ensure that the conditions for integrated delivery are in place to support e-commerce growth and meet consumers' and customers' needs.
See e.g. http://www.mckinsey.com/Insights/MGI/Research/Technology_and_Innovation/Internet_matters
'A coherent framework for building trust in the Digital Single Market for e-commerce and online services', COM (2011) 942 final.
In this document, consumers in the context of e-Commerce mean on-line shoppers, e-retailers mean sellers. Both are customers and/or consumers of delivery services and as such include individuals as well as businesses.
See also FTI, Intra-community cross-border parcel delivery, A study for the European Commission, December 2011 and findings in the context of the of the Postal users forum, http://www.cc.cec/markt/intranet/index.cfm?action=page&id_page=2791
Eurobarometer, Consumer attitudes towards cross-border trade and consumer protection, Analytical Report, Flash Eurobarometer 299, March 2011. Chapter 2, Section 2.2, page 30.
Eurobarometer, Business attitude Towards cross-border sales and consumer protection, Analytical report, Flash Eurobarometer 224, July 2008, Chapter 2, section 2.1, page 21
FTI, Intra-community cross-border parcel delivery, A study for the European Commission, December 2011, page 178. A 2009 Mystery Shopping Evaluation reported that the average cost of shipping for domestic offers was €8 whereas for cross-border it was €16.
European Commission, Consumer Conditions Scoreboard, Consumers at home in the single market, 5th edition, March 2011. from figure 3, page 11.
Eurobarometer, Business attitude Towards cross-border sales and consumer protection, Analytical report, Flash Eurobarometer 224, July 2008, Chapter 2, section 2.1, page 21
"Consumer market study on the functioning of e-commerce and Internet marketing and selling techniques in the retail of goods", Civic Consulting, September 2011, pg 132,40
Mystery Shopping Evaluation of Cross-Border e-commerce in the EU, conducted by YouGov Psychonomics on behalf of the EU, Health and Consumers Directorate general, October 2009. page 5
IPC Cross border E-commerce report 2010.
Eurobarometer, Business attitude Towards cross-border sales and consumer protection, Analytical report, Flash Eurobarometer 224, July 2008, Chapter 2, section 2.1, page 21
FTI, Intra-community cross-border parcel delivery, A study for the European Commission, December 2011,
Eurobarometer March 2011
Eurobarometer, Business attitude Towards cross-border sales and consumer protection, Analytical report, Flash Eurobarometer 224, July 2008, Chapter 2, section 2.1, page 21.
eBay report
Consumer Focus research on consumer needs, November 2010
FTI (2011), Mystery Shopping Evaluation of Cross-Border e-commerce in the EU (2009).
ITA/WIK 2009. These figures refer to 2008 and include parcel and express market. Another study from IPC indicates the value of the EU CEP market in 2008 to be €37,38 billion (excluding packets) while the B2C segment represented 26% of the total EU CEP market.
Notably the Consumer Rights Directive (CRD), The new Commission proposals on Alternative and Online Dispute Resolution (ADR) and ODR), adopted in November 2011 and The proposal for a Regulation on a Common European Sales Law (CESL) COM (2011) 635final 11.10.2011
For more information see e.g. Commission's White Paper "Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area" and the e-freight initiative EC-White Paper: Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area, COM(2011) 144 final and the e-Freight initiative: http://ec.europa.eu/governance/impact/planned_ia/docs/2013_move_001_e_freight.pdf
(2012/2030(INI)) recently voted to submit a roadmap for achieving an internal digital market by 2015
EC-White Paper: Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area, COM(2011) 144 final and the e-Freight initiative: http://ec.europa.eu/governance/impact/planned_ia/docs/2013_move_001_e_freight.pdf
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Photo Gallery: Hanselman Building
"Kalamazoo has put on real city garments during the last two or three years. This is evidenced by the tall office buildings – sky-scrapers that have been erected where low ancient buildings once stood."
The above statement was published in the Progressive Herald on 26 August 1913 as part of a feature describing the city's newest skyscraper, the Hanselman Building. It was no understatement that Kalamazoo had grown taller in a very short time. Prior to the turn of the century, no commercial buildings in the city exceeded four stories. That all changed in 1907 when the city's first steel-framed skyscraper, the Kalamazoo National Bank Building, rose an astounding eight-stories over the sidewalk. The building was hailed as a sign of Kalamazoo's progress and modernity. It marked the beginning of a local high-rise building boom, of which the ten-story Hanselman Building was the literal high point.
The new skyscraper was the brainchild of George Hanselman. A self-made businessman, Hanselman was one of the city's prominent rags-to-riches success stories. He had little to his name when he opened a modest peanut and candy stand in 1878. Local lore tells us that this stand was set up on the sidewalk in front of the City National Bank at the northwest corner of Main and Burdick Streets, today's Michigan Avenue and Kalamazoo Mall. The bank did not appreciate Hanselman's enterprise and had him forcibly removed. As the police led him away, Hanselman vowed that he would one day purchase the corner, much to the amusement of the witnesses. The truthfulness of this story is uncertain, as it went unrecorded at the time, but the story received considerable mention many years later, after Hanselman had made good on his vow.
Whether he was motivated by the vow or not, Hanselman's sidewalk peanut and candy stand quickly evolved into the successful Hanselman Candy Company. At its peak the firm was the largest confectionery manufacturer in West Michigan, producing a wide range of chocolates, ice cream, nuts, and candies. By the turn of the century it occupied an impressive three-story factory on East Main Street, adjacent to the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad's passenger station, a sizable step-up from the sidewalk stand. Hanselman's popular products included the Frozen Joy ice cream bar, which had fruit-flavored ice cream covered in chocolate. It is also said that Hanselman was the first source of bananas in Kalamazoo.
Candy made the formerly penniless Hanselman one of the city's leading citizens. He and his family lived in a large home on South Street, which still stands. However, Hanselman invested most of his candy profits into a growing family-run real estate empire, largely made up of apartment buildings. It would be a combination of experience in real estate management combined with the continued profits from the candy company that provided Hanselman the means to purchase the old City National Bank corner in 1911 and to make plans for his most ambitious project to-date. As luck would have it, external factors also helped pave the way for the new skyscraper.
In many regards, the necessity for a new building at the northwest corner of Main and Burdick stemmed from the devastating Burdick Hotel fire on 8 and 9 December 1909. Although the two buildings that occupied the Hanselman Building's future location, the E.M. Kennedy Drug Store and the City National Bank, were not consumed in the blaze, they were severely compromised in its aftermath. On 21 March 1910 staff of the drug store noticed a series of strange and escalating creaking noises. The sounds eventually caused sufficient alarm that workers began to panic and make their way for the exits. Most only made it a few steps before the entire building suddenly slid into the massive void left by the removal of fire ruins. According to witnesses, the building completely disintegrated within a matter of moments. The store's owner, Benjamin Baumann, was seconds away from walking in through the front door and watched his business literally vanish before his eyes. Remarkably, although there were many injuries, all of the building's occupants were pulled from the rubble alive.
Afterwards it was determined that removal of the neighboring ruins had made the drug store's foundations unstable. The collapse of the drug store caused significant damage to the neighboring City National Bank. Most of the bank's cornice was ripped off, stress cracks appeared on the walls, and large sections of brick fell onto the sidewalk.
Believing it was also doomed, the fire department attempted to pull down the City National Bank. These efforts failed and the building was deemed "safe." However, that still left an empty hole on Main Street where the drug store had formerly stood, and a bank building that needed extensive repairs. Conditions were ripe for new development on the corner. For months the Kalamazoo Gazette editorialized on the necessity for a suitable new structure at the site, teasing Kalamazoo residents with rumors of planned office buildings or even an extension of the Burdick Hotel. One by one, these rumors were promptly dismissed.
It would be George Hanselman who would obtain the corner, making good on a vow that had once seemed preposterous. Unlike the earlier rumors, Hanselman's plans did not appear in print until they were nearly a done deal. The story broke on 1 March 1911, when the Kalamazoo Gazette announced that Hanselman was in the final steps of purchasing the needed land. Bargain prices were not to be, however. Despite the favorable conditions, Hanselman's purchase of the corner set a new record in Kalamazoo commercial real estate, edging out the Kalamazoo National Bank site as the most expensive commercial property in the city.
In order to fill his newly acquired street corner, Hanselman hired the Detroit architecture firm of Shiers, Rohns, and Goerke to draft plans for a ten-story office building that was to be second to none. When the architects' plans were proudly displayed on the front page of the Kalamazoo Gazette on 27 August 1911, locals were clearly impressed by their work. They were soon commissioned to design a new Masonic Temple on Rose Street, today's Rose Street Market.
The blueprints called for a slender neo-classical tower, lavishly detailed with fine materials and ornaments. The exterior of the Hanselman Building was covered in white and green glazed terra cotta. The effect was the appearance of a soaring column supporting an elaborate cornice. Large windows provided for a well ventilated interior. The lobby, stairways and corridors were paneled in marble. By late October the design was slightly altered with the purchase of additional property on North Burdick Street, which allowed for a sixth bay of windows on that street.
The construction contract went to Henry L. Vanderhorst who, in a career spanning 1898 to 1945, built many of the city's prominent landmarks. It was Vanderhorst who had built the city's first skyscraper, the Kalamazoo National Bank Building. His firm is also credited with the State Theater, the Kalamazoo Gazette Building, the Dewing Building, and a number of industrial structures.
The Hanselman job began in September 1911 with the demolition of the old City National Bank. By November the first floor began to rise over the sidewalk. The building was topped out by January.
The Kalamazoo Gazette displayed great enthusiasm for the skyscraper both in the amount of coverage given to its construction and to the prose used in its description. The Hanselman Building provided additional evidence that Kalamazoo was a city on the move, representing the Kalamazoo of the future. In comparing the proposed new building to its elderly neighbors, the Gazette wrote: "In other words, within eight months a magnificent ten-story building will look benignly down upon 'asbestos row,' across Burdick Street, reminding the passerby that great oaks from little acorns grow. With one sweep of the eye, the citizen may behold in panorama the history of Kalamazoo, its small beginning in the dim and musty past and its present evidence of progress and enterprise." 'Asbestos row' referred to a group of dilapidated single-story buildings across Burdick Street from the new skyscraper. They were long considered eyesores and presented the greatest contrast to the city's new office buildings.
Demand for space in the city's tallest building was great and the Hanselman soon was leased to capacity. The basement was reserved for a restaurant while the stores facing Main and Burdick Streets were occupied by a cigar store, sporting goods store, and two jewelers. The second floor was envisioned as a shopping destination for women with the types of businesses "which women only patronize." The directories for the upper floors were a listing of many of the successful professionals of the day. Tenants included insurance agencies, contractors, lawyers, and doctors. The upper two floors were reserved for doctors and dentists, so they might benefit from the natural light. Tenants began moving into the nearly completed skyscraper in October 1912.
As the city's tallest, it is no surprise that the Hanselman Building was the focus of a rather daring promotional stunt that was the highlight of the 1916 Kalamazoo County Fair. Held during the first week of October throughout the downtown area, the fair attracted tens of thousands to the streets surrounding the skyscraper. The Kalamazoo Gazette sensed the opportunity for a dramatic performance and hired Jack Williams, a famous traveling stuntman dubbed "the Human Fly," to scale familiar landmarks. Williams had earned his nickname in daredevil building climbs throughout the country.
In the weeks leading up to the big event, Williams built up suspense with boastful claims published in the Gazette. As if climbing the building wasn't enough, he described a series of theatrical stunts he would perform on his way up. In explaining one to the Gazette Williams stated "When I get to the roof I will take a chair, balance it on two legs on the cornice, sit in it and swing my feet out over the edge. That's a good trick if it works. If it does not, why I'll come down faster than I went up."
But both Williams and his wife expressed confidence to the press that the climbs were safe and that anyone hoping for blood would be let down. Williams went on to say "People have been coming to see me for four years in the belief that someday I will 'splat myself' on the pavement below. Thus far I've succeeded in disappointing them, and I will keep on doing so." Meanwhile, his wife insisted she felt no concern for her husband's chosen profession, going so far as to say "He wanted to be an aviator. But I objected. That's too dangerous a business and anyone who goes into that game is foolish."
The big day came on October 4th. That afternoon Williams drew massive crowds when he first scaled the six-story Edwards and Chamberlain building on East Main, the present-day Haymarket Building. But that climb was but a warm-up for the ascent up the Hanselman in the evening. Police roped off the streets around the skyscraper to, as the Gazette claimed, protect spectators should Williams fall. But those measures proved unnecessary and Williams' prior confidence well-founded. Bare-handed and without the use of ropes or any other climbing aides, Williams made his way up the building's south façade at 7:30. A searchlight illuminated his path. The crowd roared with excitement as he rounded the building's massive cornice and shinnied up the flag pole.
Following its date with the Human Fly, the Hanselman Building went on to lead a relatively quiet existence, remaining one of the tallest and most visible landmarks in the city. It was finally eclipsed in height in 1929 by the fifteen-story American National Bank, today's Fifth Third Building. Tenants came and went, but the building always maintained a healthy occupancy rate. Physical alterations were minor, the building appearing late in life much as it had in its early years.
George Hanselman died on 26 June 1923 at the age of sixty one. His wife, Margaret, who had been an active partner in all of his ventures, took over management of the family's apartment buildings until shortly before her 1939 death. Their eldest son, Harold Hanselman, assumed control of the Hanselman Building and of the candy company. The candy company continued operation until 1925, when it was sold. The Hanselman Building, on the other hand, remained in the family until its 1958 sale to a group of Chicago investors.
By the early seventies the Hanselman Building found itself in the wrong place at the wrong time. The neighboring Burdick Hotel, which occupied most of the block, closed after years of struggling financially. This left a void downtown that the city's leadership thought was best filled with a bold construction project. Urban renewal was the popular trend of the era. This involved large-scale demolition of older buildings to make way for modern structures intended to inject new life into city centers. As the Burdick was ripped down throughout 1972, plans were drafted to replace the entire block with a new hotel and convention complex named the Kalamazoo Center.
However, as the plans for the Kalamazoo Center were finalized, a lack of funds spared the Hanselman Building and its immediate neighbor, the Travis Building, formerly the Cowlbeck store. Thus the Kalamazoo Center ended up been designed around the two older structures. But, in the view of the Center's backers, the continued existence of the older buildings would be an "eyesore" and hinder the good the project was hoped to do for downtown. A group led by Irving Gilmore, W.T. Little, and the Kalamazoo Foundation raised private donations for the purchase of the two buildings and partial payment for their demolition. In exchange for the donation of the properties, the city was expected to pay the remaining three-quarters of the demolition costs, a proposal that easily passed in the city commission.
Demolition was announced on 10 July 1973 and less than a month later the city took title to the building. Throughout the late summer and fall the Hanselman's thirty tenants were evicted and officials studied the best way to bring the structure down. Ultimately it was decided to hire Controlled Demolitions Inc. to dynamite the skyscraper on 31 December 1973. Much like its construction sixty years prior, the Hanselman Building's demolition was heavily hyped by the Kalamazoo Gazette. The coming implosion was described as "spectacular" and the building's removal a sign of progress. The paper provided hints and details for people to watch the collapse. On the morning of the event, around one thousand took this advice and filled the city's streets and rooftops, enduring bitter cold, in order to see the landmark's end.
The atmosphere was later described by the Gazette in festive terms with people gathered in anticipation, waiting for the inevitable wailing sirens that would announce the detonation. The previously announced time came and went and the crowds waited hours, not knowing when the blast would come. Some gave up and left, others sought warmth in their cars. But the majority remained at their chosen perches, finding other means of fighting the cold. A Gazette writer noticed one clever individual, writing: "One smart operator was spotted sitting on a box atop a building just north of the blast site. He had his back leaning against a warm chimney and he was wrapped in blankets. Every now and then, he could be seen taking a sip of hot coffee or whatever. He had it made."
At 10:10 in the morning the demolition experts were satisfied, and the police made one final sweep around the block. A series of sirens went off and finally a countdown. A number of muffled thuds echoed from deep within the basement of the Hanselman Building and sixty-one years of history caved into itself. It was all over in only five seconds.
The Hanselman Building nearly had its revenge, however. As the building crumbled to the ground, a large chuck of concrete was hurled like a missile towards the County Building on Michigan Avenue, smashing onto the front steps and then shattering a window. Two spectators received slight injuries as a result. Fortunately the rock missed where the bulk of people had gathered.
On 7 January 1974 the Kalamazoo Gazette published an anonymously written letter titled "Eulogy for the Hanselman Building." It had been written as a response to the Gazette's largely enthusiastic coverage of the demolition. The writer concluded: "Perhaps in another generation or two or three, a crowd of people will gather to see your successor atomized by a phaser to make room for yet another building, and perhaps some of them will feel as heartsick as we do now over your demise, as their memories of the Kalamazoo Center vanish into thin air. (At least you left rubble and dust.) Ashes to ashes, dust to dust… sick transit Gloria mundi (rough translation: fame is fleeting). Farewell, old friend… you leave a lonesome place against the sky."
That "lonesome place" would remain in the sky for three decades. The plans of the Kalamazoo Center were not drastically altered and the Hanselman's former location was developed as a sunken concrete plaza. It wasn't until an extensive 2003 renovation of the Kalamazoo Center that a nine-story wing rose where the Hanselman once stood.
Historians generally don't like to ponder "what if" questions. But one has to ask how this story would have unfolded had only George Hanselman set up his modest peanut stand across the street. Then, perhaps, his skyscraper might still decorate the city's skyline.
Written by David Kohrman, Kalamazoo Public Library Staff, October 2012.


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Episcopal Church in the United States of America (ECUSA), also called the Episcopal Church or Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, autonomous church in the United States. Part of the Anglican Communion, it was formally organized in Philadelphia in 1789 as the successor to the Church of England in the American colonies. In points of doctrine, worship, and ministerial order, the church descended from and has remained associated with the Church of England.
Early history to the 20th century
The history of the church in America began with the first permanent English settlement at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. As more settlers arrived in America, the church spread and was the established church in several colonies. It was limited in its work, however, because no bishop was sent to the colonies, and only bishops could ordain priests and confirm church members. When the American Revolution began in 1775, there were about 300 Church of England congregations in the 13 colonies. The church suffered persecution and a decline in membership during the Revolution, because all the clergymen had taken an oath of allegiance to the crown at the time of their ordination, and many of them were Loyalists who were forced to flee to Canada or England.
Some, however, supported the Revolution. William White, chaplain of the Continental Congress, proposed that congregations form themselves into an American church that would continue the spiritual legacy of the Church of England but would otherwise separate from it. Conventions of clergy and laity were held in the early 1780s to claim church property formerly claimed by the Church of England and to plan for a new church. Interstate conventions in 1784 and 1785 began drafting a constitution and a prayer book. In 1787 English bishops consecrated White as bishop of Pennsylvania and Samuel Provoost as bishop of New York. Two years later White became the first presiding bishop of the new church. He was succeeded by Samuel Seabury, who in 1784 had become the first American to be consecrated an Anglican bishop.
In the 19th century the church expanded westward through the work of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society (organized in 1820). Foreign missions were begun in Greece in 1829 and subsequently expanded to other countries.
The Oxford movement in the Church of England, which emphasized the Roman Catholic heritage of the church (High Church), became influential in the Episcopal Church in the 1840s. Though it enriched the worship services and spiritual discipline of the church, it caused considerable controversy, because many Episcopalians preferred to emphasize the Protestant heritage (Low Church). In later years the promotion of liberal theology, biblical criticism, the Social Gospel, and the ecumenical movement lessened the tensions between the High and Low Church attitudes.
During the American Civil War, Episcopalians fought for both South and North. Unlike some other Protestant churches, however, the Episcopal Church avoided schism. In the years following the war, the church grew from 160,000 communicants in 1866 to 720,000 in 1900 and expanded into all parts of the United States. As the church grew in the United States, it established missionary dioceses in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The church also took a regular part in the Lambeth Conference, periodic meetings of the bishops of the Anglican Communion that began in 1867.
The 20th century and beyond
In the 20th century the church began to engage with other denominations. It took part in the ecumenical movement, joined the World Council of Churches, undertook dialogue with other Christian churches, and entered full communion with the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Episcopalians introduced liturgical reforms in the 1970s and produced a new prayer book in 1979. In 2008 the church became one of several mainline denominations to issue a formal apology for the fact that some pre-Civil War Episcopalians held slaves.
The church also took several controversial steps. In 1988 it elected its first woman bishop, Barbara C. Harris. (She was elected by the diocese of Massachusetts as a suffragan bishop, and as such she did not head the diocese. A number of other women have subsequently been elected to the office of suffragan bishop or bishop in other dioceses.) In 2003 the church ordained an openly gay man, V. Gene Robinson, as bishop of New Hampshire. In the following year the leaders of the member churches of the Anglican Communion agreed to a moratorium on the ordination as bishops of individuals in same-sex relationships. In 2006 Katharine Jefferts Schori, who had voted to install Robinson as bishop and who favoured church blessing of same-sex unions, was elected the church's primate, or presiding bishop. Later that year the 75th General Convention of the ECUSA declared "support of gay and lesbian persons as children of God." In 2009 the 76th General Convention prohibited congregations from denying ordination to homosexual priests, authorized bishops to permit priests to bless same-sex unions in states where they are legal, and encouraged theological reflection on same-sex unions and the creation of liturgies that may be used in them.
These steps sparked opposition not only within the Episcopal Church but also within the Anglican Communion as the American church drew sharp international criticism. Some traditionalists began to consider secession from the ECUSA. Eleven Virginia congregations voted in 2006 to leave the ECUSA while still remaining within the Anglican Communion. In 2007 the Convocation of Anglicans in North America (CANA) was instituted as "an Anglican missionary effort in the U.S." under Peter J. Akinola, archbishop of the Church of Nigeria and a harsh vocal critic of Robinson's election as bishop. Akinola installed Virginia rector Martyn Minns as bishop of CANA without authorization from Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams. Congregations in Pittsburgh, Pa., Quincy, Ill., San Joaquin, Calif., and Fort Worth, Texas, left the ECUSA in 2008. Later that year delegates representing 100,000 Anglicans in the United States and Canada met in Wheaton, Ill., to discuss forming a separate church within the Anglican Communion. In 2009 these delegates met again in Bedford, Texas, and formed the Anglican Church in North America (ACNA). The new church claimed 700 parishes in 28 dioceses in the United States and Canada.
The ECUSA's consecration of Mary Glasspool—who was in a same-sex relationship—as a suffragan bishop in the diocese of Los Angeles in 2010 increased tensions within the Anglican Communion between liberals and traditionalists. Williams issued a rebuke of the ECUSA for breaking the 2004 moratorium, and the Anglican Communion imposed sanctions on the ECUSA, barring it from participating in ecumenical dialogue and removing its decision-making powers in matters of church doctrine. The Communion again, in 2016, imposed sanctions on the ECUSA following the latter's decision at its 78th General Convention the previous year to abandon canonical language defining marriage as a union between a man and a woman and to adopt two new rites of marriage that could be used by both same-sex and opposite-sex couples.
The church inherited its doctrinal statements from the Church of England but does not apply these statements as rigid confessions. It accepts the Apostles' and Nicene creeds and its prayer book as statements of its doctrinal positions. The Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England, slightly adapted for American circumstances, are part of the prayer book and of official doctrine, but formal acceptance of them is not required of the clergy or the laity.
In the organization of the church, each self-supporting congregation (parish) elects its lay governing board (vestry) for temporal affairs and its rector as spiritual leader. Congregations that are not self-supporting (missions) are directed by the bishop of the area. In a given area the parishes and missions make up a diocese, headed by a bishop. All clergy and laity representing all congregations meet annually in a convention to conduct the business of the diocese. The convention elects the bishop to serve until death or retirement.
The dioceses belong to the General Convention, which meets triennially. All bishops are members of the House of Bishops, and the House of Deputies is made up of equal numbers of clergy and laity. The Executive Council, the administrative agency of the General Convention, is headed by the presiding bishop (elected by the House of Bishops), who also presides over the House of Bishops. The church is also served by a primate and a president and is divided into nine provinces.
In the first decade of the 21st century, the church reported almost 2.25 million members and 7,200 congregations. Headquarters are in New York City.
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Western architecture: United States…but few were consistent (the Episcopalians alone adhered to the doctrines of the Ecclesiologists), and fewer still had sufficient firsthand knowledge of the style to interpret it with any conviction.…
Virginia: Population composition…the American Revolution, became the Episcopal Church, USA, but it retained only one-third of the Virginian population that claimed adherence to a specific denomination. Dissenters, primarily Presbyterians, Quakers, Baptists, and Methodists, made up the Protestant balance. Virginia continues its Protestant tradition today, although there are many…
Anglicanism: Authority and structure…have two each; and the Episcopal Church in the United States of America (ECUSA), has nine. Some provinces, however, include whole countries, such as Japan, Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. Other provinces cover a number of countries, such as the provinces of Southern Africa, West Africa, Central Africa, the West Indies,…
Christian fundamentalism: The late 19th to the mid-20th century…had gained a foothold in Episcopal, Congregational, Methodist Episcopal, American Baptist, and Presbyterian denominations in the North. The stage was set for major confrontations during the 1920s, and it remained to be seen only whether the modernists could be forced out of their denominations.…
Anglican Communion: Recent history…and in 2003 when the Episcopal Church in the United States of America (ECUSA) consecrated V. Gene Robinson, an openly gay man, as the Anglican bishop of New Hampshire.…
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