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Is Game Music All It Can Be?
November 7, 2012 Page 1 of 4
This is a love song. A love song to video game music. A love song to video game music that spends a lot of time pointing out that video game music would do well to iron its shirt, shower every day, and would it kill it to maybe shave every once in a while?
This piece is directed toward those who make, compose for, and/or enjoy a cinematic game experience common to most triple-A and an increasing number of indie titles. It touches on elements common to all video games in many places, but the purpose is not to play the nagging Jewish mother to two-man developers about how they should be more like their big brother who graduated summa cum laude and landed a big contract with Activision and will probably cure cancer someday.
The purpose is to help producers communicate with their composers, help composers hone their craft, and help the end consumer become more educated about the potential value of game music.
Why Take a Cinematic Approach to Game Music?
Too long has video game music been relegated to a dusty corner of gamers' minds. Sure, we all have fond memories of chip-tunes and our favorite melodies, but video game music has typically been viewed as a background soundtrack, not something that plays directly into the visual elements. Just look at all the games that allow you to import or stream your own music while you play.
This is a shame. Music can have a tremendous impact on the mood, feel, and emotion of any visual elements a game can try to convey. A shift in the music can take the exact same visual scene in two completely different directions. (I've always liked this example to show how a different score can change things up:)
Video games come in many forms and serve many purposes as far as the type of entertainment -- Ninja Gaiden in hard mode clearly scratches a different itch than FarmVille -- but I think it is safe to say that the majority of triple-A and otherwise popular games are trying to take a more cinematic, story-focused approach. What was the last FPS you played that didn't have a story component, regardless of how preposterous the premise? The visual techniques reflect this -- effects that emulate real camera patterns like light bloom, lens flare, focal shift and even film grit are all very common in the modern game.
Video games are unique to this A/V field in a number of ways -- one of the most obvious being that the pacing and even the order of events can be dictated by the player. Writing for this sort of uncertainty definitely present problems that any video game developer needs to consider. However, as games become more scripted, planned, and emotionally impactful, game composers would do well to study the centuries of experience other mediums can provide them. Re-inventing the wheel is not something we want to do here.
The focus on cinematic visuals and storytelling becomes increasingly obvious as we look into just how much straight-up non-interactive cinematic storytelling can be found in games. Oh sure, there might be a "press X to not die" moment sprinkled here or there, but when you strip out the real gameplay you are often left with a long sequence of cut-scenes that rivals the length of major movies.
For instance, The Batman: Arkham City cutscene playlist on YouTube is just north of 2 hours and 30 minutes long, longer than the majority of motion pictures. Gears of War 3 is 1:43 in duration. Xenoblade Chronicles? North of five hours, beating even the extended edition of Return of the King in length. Even completely disregarding player-driven gameplay, there are entire movies contained inside today's games.
Unfortunately, video game developers and the players themselves don't often see this connection. Corners are cut, sacrifices made, flat-out wrong practices are repeated time and again, and the gaming media looks upon it and proclaims it good. Games have made great strides lately with a more cinematic approach to storytelling, but it's sad to see a crucial piece of that puzzle so often neglected. The Final Fantasy series, Dragon Age, and Mass Effect have managed to start to understand lighting, blocking, cinematography, and the like, and utilized them to great effect -- but what about the music?
All visual media is more closely related than some would think. Film, TV, advertising, and games all share many similar traits, and music publishers often treat them in a very similar way. Though each presents unique advantages and challenges, all can be summed up with two simple, tiny words:
This is the essence of all visually-oriented music. Video games have long been a valid medium for telling an intriguing story, and the "to picture" approach has been proven over the centuries to be the best companion, as such. Our reaction to the music is often more subconscious and deeper than our visual analysis. At best it enhances and deepens our understanding of what our eyes tell us -- sometimes directly adding, sometimes showing another facet or wrinkle that we didn't see.
With all the cinematic focus on visual elements, why wouldn't we take a cinematic approach to game music?
Before we discuss using musically nerdy cerebral philosophies to guide game scoring, perhaps a quick overview of some basic techniques are in order. Frankly, many games fail to get even these right. The essential problem is that you can't just write music and expect it to work.
Understanding Your Place
Our ears are specifically tuned to speech frequencies, and working around that can be difficult. Guess where melodies (and music in general) sound best to our ears? That's right -- the exact same range as speech. Think about the last time you were trying to hold a conversation when you had the radio tuned to a pop station. Did you notice how much you had to turn it down to be able to hear the other person? Now try talking with about the first 90 seconds of this on in the background:
This piece was scored specifically written to accommodate human voice. Can you keep the volume much louder than the pop music example? You should be able to quite well. It's about space.
For the purposes of visual media discussion, diegesis is anything that is directly represented on-screen as "of the world". So if there's a scene in a smoky cabaret and the music of the scene is being played by a jazz band contained therein, that's diegetic. "Bohemian Rhapsody" is diegetic within Wayne's World, as the characters are obviously aware that the music is coming out of their radio and are reacting to it. (This article talks a bit more about that and other important concepts.) Most all film and video game music is mimetic, not diegetic, meaning that it's not music that is in the world with the characters but has instead been added for the sake of the audience. It's important to understand why that matters: because diegesis is king.
If you ever study opera you will quickly see that the entire orchestra basically exists to support the singer(s). The vocalist is diegetic, or in the world, and must be skirted around carefully by the music, which is mimetic, or outside of the world. Therefore, any composer worth their salt must write around the diegetic part of the story because that's the part that's actually telling the story. In more traditional musical settings like opera this is quite easy to accomplish, as the melody lines are clearly written out in musical notation. In other mediums, it may not be as obvious. This doesn't mean that the concept can be ignored, however.
Even simple conversations have pitch. Great stage actors can have up to a three-octave speaking range; it is how emotion is carried through the voice. Try speaking in a monotone and see how much you are able to convey. Erich Korngold, one of the great early composers of film, was famous for writing diegetic film dialogue out in musical notation and then scoring around that, as he did earlier with opera librettos. While this may not be a necessary step, a basic understanding of the frequency ranges used by male and female speakers and how to avoid writing scores in the same range is not out of the realm of any composer's understanding. As an example, take this clip from The Adventures of Robin Hood, one of Korngold's most famous scores.
Notice that the instrumentation takes up the entire spectrum of sound at the beginning, but then right as the vocals enter at 18 seconds in, they part. The strings become higher, the bass gets a bit lower, and everything that was in between the two drops out. It's a virtual parting of the waters to make room for the voices in their proper register. Just to show it's not a fluke, it does the same thing at 0:43.
I can't think of a single game that really nails this concept, which surprises me. It's not necessarily difficult, one just has to be aware of it. It's sad commentary that the first thing I typically do when I load up a video game is turn the "voice" slider to maximum and the SFX and music sliders down considerably, because they have no concept of how to write and mix around the vocals, instead of barreling over them.
In addition to keeping the frequency range in mind, the composer must also consider other ways they can muddy the text, and avoid them. In the gaming world this most often manifests itself as a score that is so busy it's distracting. Too many notes, too fast a tempo, too much of everything. An expert composer can properly choose the time for the score to become prominent and the time for it to fade into the background, back and forth between the natural breaths of the narrative.
An excellent example of this comes from the trailer for Conan -- a film that was rather terrible from a cinematography and plot standpoint, but had an absolutely outstanding score composed by Basil Poledouris. Watch the whole thing:
Notice how Poledouris actually alters the music for the lines of text? And it works even on its own as a song? Pull out the high strings and choir, throw in some low brass to punch up James Earl Jones' dialogue, it works very well. The actual instrumentation lends itself to the interplay of dialogue and action scenes.
Now for the ugly side of that coin. Sometimes people opt for the lazy way out and dump this on the mixing engineer, who accomplishes such by "ducking" the music when a vocal track is present -- ducking being pulling back the music volume to make room for the vocal to be heard. An example of constant ducking is, well, a lot of trailers, as they tend to have busier, more "intense" music. We'll use Uncharted 3 as a recent example:
Starting at about 40 seconds into the launch trailer, notice the up-down-up-down-up-down as the speech pops in and out. It's distracting and annoying.
Creating audio space is like arranging a bunch of 3D bubbles. Whatever is in the center on the X- and Y-axes and at the front of the Z (depth) axis is going to grab the most attention, and that should always be the vocals. Ducking is a cheap way of pushing the music back on the Z-axis, but that constant shifting is noticeable; the much preferable method is to make space on the front plane of X and Y around the dialogue. It is quite possible to write around dialogue, as thousands upon thousands of hours of Opera and film scoring will attest. Why shouldn't video games do this, as well?
Just Beat It
A beat, in scoring terms, refers to a particular visual point of action that should be accented. This can be a hard cut in the footage, a punch, just about anything. This can be accented in the music in many ways, typically depending on the requirements of the visuals. Here's a quick example that runs the gamut:
The low percussion (likely an udu) as the dragonfly lands on her nose is a beat. The sitar note as it flies away is another. The harp gliss for the reveal of Wonderland is another. The cymbal roll for discovering the caterpillar is yet another; the harsh low brass almost immediately after as his expression sours another still. 25 seconds in and we've hit five beats already. This is a fairly common pace for higher-energy sections and trailers. Notice that each of these has a different effect, but all come together to add interest and impact to what's happening on screen.
It is possible to create music for a beat-heavy visual without using beats, but then it's up to the foley and sound designers to pick up your slack. See here for a quintessential example:
The opposite effect, hard transitions and visual beats without any aural punch at all, feels so unnatural that I can't even find good examples of it, because no one does it.
I've used the example of a trailer here because this is something not really seen in games much, despite having many cut-scenes proliferate in the modern game. Occasionally one can find a use of a single beat, say a cue that build to a big crescendo, but considering many scenes can have potential beats that number well into the double-digits it is a woefully under-utilized idea.
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Automotive Sales Professional
Dan Pilson Auto Center • Mattoon, IL
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Pilson Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ram – 2212 Lake Land Blvd., Mattoon, IL 61938
Pilson Pre-owned Super Center – 1506 18th St, Charleston, IL 61920
Susan Williams or Jennifer Miller
Phone: 217-234-2397; 888-474-5766
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We understand a compensation package must be aggressive to continue to build our team.
Salary plus Commissions:
$1000/week guarantee during training pending verified sales experience
$6000 Sign-on Bonuses for verified experienced Sales Professionals
Full Benefits Package: Group Health Insurance, Life, AD&D, ST Disability Company paid coverage AFLAC products, 401K Plan
Paid Vacation up to 3 weeks
Flexible schedule including Saturdays off
Continuous training and mentoring support
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Employee Discounts for purchases and services
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Build and maintain a customer database
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September 6, 2006
A psychologist with a PhD in Developmental Psychology, Dr. Catherine Coyle has credentials. And Tuesday afternoon, she brought them to bear in her lecture entitled, "Men and Abortion." Sponsored by The Wabash Commentary, Dr. Coyle was one lecturer in a week-long series of events in TWC's pro-life week.
Dr. Coyle's presentation focused on her research into the very underdeveloped study of the effects abortion has on men. She discussed the tendency of men to want to "stuff it" or repress their emotions to appear calm and assured for their wives or girlfriends, regardless of whether they actually felt so at ease. She cited statistics showing that the repression and inability to get permission by society to feel bad about the abortion led many men to develop symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder.
Dr. Coyle also pointed to the legal precedents surrounding men's rights in the abortion decision. The prevailing legal standard in regards to men's right in the abortion decision is that one does not exist. The Roe v. Wade decision was based on the premise of a woman's "right to privacy". Therefore men are given no legal right to influence whether a pregnancy is carried to term or not.
"Now the law lets men who don't want to do right thing can flee," said Dr. Coyle, "and those who do have their hands tied by the law."
After her lecture and PowerPoint presentation, Dr. Coyle opened the floor for questions. There was a lively back and forth between Dr. Coyle and the audience and a pleasant mix of contrasting viewpoints. A majority of the questions centered on whether those pushing a pro-life agenda do more harm than good. Jim Stephens '07 suggested actions like the display of crosses on the mall by the Commentary last week send a message to women who have had abortions of shame and that what they have done is wrong. He suggested that a more healthy solution would be to work at the causes for abortion.
Coyle responded everyone has a right to freedom of expression. She related for the audience how, as an undergraduate she would tell others that although she was opposed to abortion, she didn't feel as if she could tell others what to do. Later, she recalled she felt ashamed for her complacency.
"I came to realize that I was just being a laissez-faire coward. How could I say that I would never do something because I found it morally objectionable and yet would refuse to champion against it. If you feel something is wrong, you have to stand up against it."
Royce Gregerson '09 responded that there is a difference to an amoral society in which no one is told that they are wrong and one in which morality is a guiding principle. For those who feel abortion is wrong, they are compelled by what they see as their moral obligation to advocate against it.
The pro-life program continues Wednesday evening with a lecture by Sally Winn of Feminists for Life of America, a feminist organization that believes if one is to be pro-woman, she must be pro-life. The lecture is a joint sponsorship between The Wabash Commentary and the Gender Issues Committee. Ms. Winn will be speaking on "Refuse to Choose: Reclaiming Feminism." The lecture will be held at 8 p.m. in Hays Hall 104.


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5 stories of stupid people getting caught for felonies because of posting stuff on Facebook.


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Brussels, 16 March 2011
Clearer property rights for Europe's 16 million international couples – frequently asked questions
What is the problem?
With more and more Europeans living in another EU country, the number of international couples (both spouses and registered partners) is on the rise.
There are today around 16 million international couples in the European Union. In 2007 out of the 2.4 million new marriages, 13% (310,000) had an international element. Similarly, 41,000 of 211,000 registered partnerships in the EU today have an international dimension.
These couples often come from different Member States, or they have assets – such as property or a bank account – in more than one country. The new rules proposed today are equally relevant for any couple living at home that owns property abroad.
There has been a steady increase in the number of international couples dealing with property issues because of divorce, legal separation or death, since 2000. In these situations, international couples face uncertainties and extra costs when dividing their property. The different national laws lead sometimes to complex and even conflicting situations.
An example of a conflict of laws:
A Hungarian man and his Greek wife got married in Greece and lived there for three years after the wedding, then moved to Hungary where the marriage failed after a further two years. In this case, it is not clear whether Greek or Hungarian laws would cover the division of the couple's property. The liquidation of the matrimonial regime was governed by Greek substantive law under the Greek conflict of law rule (common habitual residence of the spouses at the time of marriage), whereas it is governed by Hungarian substantive law under the Hungarian conflict of law rule (common habitual residence of the spouses at the time of divorce).
An example of twenty years of legal proceedings:
A Spanish citizen married a man with double nationality: Dutch and German. The couple got married in Düsseldorf (Germany) in 1965. Their matrimonial property was (automatically) governed by a community regime; both spouses were aware of this. For cultural and practical purposes, the Spanish wife changed her nationality, after marriage, from Spanish to Dutch and the couple moved to the Netherlands. They owned property both in Germany and in Spain.
At the time of the divorce, both parties had their habitual residence in the Netherlands and were of Dutch nationality, and therefore the proceedings took place in the Netherlands. During the divorce proceedings, the parties agreed that the husband would keep the property in Germany whilst the wife would keep the property in Spain, an agreement that was formalised by a letter signed by the husband confirming that he passed on the ownership rights of the Spanish property to his ex-wife. However, before the conclusion of the divorce the wife had to move back to Spain for health reasons and established her habitual residence there. This had unintended consequences when she decided, a year after the divorce, to name their children as the legal owners of the property in Spain. As she started the procedures for the transfer of the property rights, she discovered that she needed her ex-husband's consent to do so because she had been married under the community of property regime and the letter drafted by her ex-husband (which would have been sufficient to transfer property under Dutch law) was not recognised in Spain. The case came to an end after twenty years of legal proceedings and fees after her ex-husband agreed to sign before a notary a document transferring the property ownership rights to the children.
How many people are affected?
In 2007, 13% of all 2.4 million new marriages in the EU were international (307,158), and in the same year about 637,000 international marriages were dissolved through divorce or death. There were also 41,000 international registered partnerships (the possibility exists in 14 Member States (Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Finland, France, Hungary, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Slovenia, Sweden and the United Kingdom) that resulted in 9,766 partnerships being dissolved because of death or separation.
What are "international couples," "international marriages" and registered partnerships?
International couples could include spouses who live outside of their home Member State, come from different countries, or have assets in a number of Member States. International marriages and registered partnerships are considered international couples.
International marriages include marriages between:
International registered partnerships include registered partnership between:
Will the rules change the status of registered partnerships or marriage in the Member States?
No. The new rules will apply merely to matrimonial property regimes or property aspects of a registered partnership with international dimensions. The proposed Regulations will not harmonise national rules on marriage, registered partnerships, succession or divorce. They also will not result in any changes to national rules on taxation of property or assets. They will simply assist international couples in managing their property rights in the event of divorce, separation, or death of a spouse or partner.
What are the extra costs involved for international couples?
The costs are estimated at €1.1 billion a year. These are mostly made up of additional lawyers' fees because of inadequate information, parallel legal proceedings in different countries, legal complexity of cases and lengthy proceedings. In one case proceedings were so complex that it took 20 years to resolve the matter.
Couples could save an estimated average of €2,000 to €3,000 per case, depending on its complexity.
Why is the European Commission taking action?
The EU has already made it easier for international couples to identify which rules would apply in case they divorce (IP/10/347, MEMO/10/100). Now the Commission is proposing to address the related issue of how they deal with common assets after their divorce.
Likewise, the Commission has already proposed similar rules for dealing with wills and successions (IP/09/1508). Today's new proposals on property aspects will compliment these rules.
This initiative is also part of the EU's action to tackle the remaining obstacles in the daily lives of people living, working, studying and travelling in other European countries. The Commission's October 2010 Citizenship Report outlines concrete solutions for overcoming 25 major obstacles that Europeans still face when they move from their home country. Uncertainty surrounding the property rights of international couples is one of the obstacles when Europeans exercise their free movement rights. The Commission said in the Citizenship Report that it will adopt a legislative proposal in 2011 to make it easier for international couples (either married or registered partners) to know which court has jurisdiction and which law applies to their property rights. The Commission is now delivering on this promise.
What will the rules do?
Rules for married couples
The competent court in case of death of one of the spouses is the court where the remaining spouse has taken legal action in view of succession. The competent court in case of divorce is, if the couple agrees, the court where one of the spouses filed for divorce. In case the couple cannot agree, judges have a common formula for deciding which country's law applies. The proposed criteria include – in descending order – the habitual residence of the spouses, their last habitual residence if one of them still resides there or the habitual residence of the defendant. These widely used criteria frequently coincide with the location of the spouses' property.
Like the recent EU rules to determine which law applies to divorce, the proposed Regulation on matrimonial property regimes lets spouses decide which law should apply to their joint property and assets. By providing for a choice of law, the Regulation will increase flexibility and autonomy of the spouses. It will also prevent a possible 'rush to the court' by one of the parties. If the couple does not agree, the Regulation on matrimonial property regimes provides for a set of criteria to determine the applicable law on the basis of the following connecting factors:
A couple will not be able to choose a law having no relation to their real situation or past history.
Rules for registered partnerships
The proposed Regulation on property aspects of registered partnerships determines that the law of the state where the partnership was registered should apply to property issues, in order to provide predictability.
If the partners agree, the competent court for a separation is the court where one of the partners has filed a claim for dissolution or annulment of the partnership. If the parties disagree, the courts of the country to which the parties have the closest connection will be competent. The list of connecting factors include – in descending order – the common habitual residence of the partners, their last common habitual residence (if one of them still resides there) or the habitual residence of the defendant.
The competent court in case of death of one of the partners is defined as the court where one of the partners has taken legal action with regard to the question of succession.
The courts of a Member State where domestic law does not provide for the institution of registered partnerships will always be able to refuse jurisdiction. In that case the EU rules help establishing another Member State's court to deal with the case.
Why are there two separate regulations?
Marriage and registered partnership are different legal institutes in the national law of the Member States.
Marriage is a legal institution recognised in all 27 EU Member States, and in five of them, it is open both for opposite sex and same sex couples (the Netherlands: since 2001; Belgium: since 2003; Spain: since 2005; Sweden; since 2009; Portugal since 2010). Registered partnerships are a more recent legal institutions which are recognised in 14 EU Member States (Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Finland, France, Hungary, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Slovenia, Sweden1 and the United Kingdom); while in Belgium, France, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, registered partnerships can be used both by same sex and opposite sex couples, in the other countries, they are only open for same sex couples.
When Sweden opened marriage for same-sex partners in May 2009, registered partnerships were abolished; they continue to exist if concluded before May 2009.
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Many possibilities have been suggested to explain the astronomical phenomena known as the "Star of Bethlehem" as recorded in Matthew 2:1-12 . Is there a scientific explanation for this "Star of Wonder" that remains true to the Scriptural account? Continue reading
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First, this initial conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn would not be a perfect alignment, but separated by 1 degree, equivalent to the diameters of two full moons in the sky. This would certainly not be a single, bright guiding light.
Second, although triple conjunctions in one year are rare (the other two in 7 BC occurred September 27th and December 10th), a single conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, (occurring only once during the year) happens every 20 years. Certainly, this was not a unique, never to be repeated event to the Magi, who were accustomed to routinely monitoring the night sky.
Third, regardless of whether the event constituted a comet, a supernova or a conjunction, when the Magi left Jerusalem Matthew 2:9 states, "the star they had seen in the east went ahead of them until it stopped over the place where the child was." The distance from Jerusalem to Bethlehem is about 6 mi, in the direction of north to south. Yet all natural objects in the sky move from east to west due to the rotation of the earth. The scripture goes on to say that it (the star) led them to a specific house and "stopped." Again, no natural object in the sky follows these patterns.
Finally, why was this star visible only to the Magi? Certainly there were many other trained astronomers in that day, including those in Jerusalem. Yet Matthew 2:7 states that. "Then Herod called the Magi secretly and found out from them the exact time the star had appeared." Obviously, Herod's trained observers were unaware of it, so he sought the guidance of the Magi. The star of Bethlehem was not visible to everyone on earth.
Why do we find this so unusual? Was not the "light from heaven" that shone upon Paul in Acts 9:3 a temporary and supernatural occurrence? Was not the "pillar of fire by night" in Exodus 13:22 that guided the Israelites, a temporary and supernatural occurrence? The Bible calls this Divine guiding light the Shekinah Glory.
The Star of Bethlehem appears not to be able to be explained by science! Not if we are to hold true to the specific characteristics attributed to this star as defined in the Bible. God, in his providence, called forth the chosen Magi to worship the Savior through the supernatural guidance of the Star of Bethlehem. That first Christmas was one of many miraculous interventions, with by far the greatest of these, the birth of our Redeemer.
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Indeed very insightful compilation and does help one to get a balanced view on the subject. thanks.
Z Chacko - 8/27/2008 2:44:09 PM
Subject : an alternative interpretation of the Star of Bethlehem
I would like to point out another theory about the star of Bethlehem.
Most plausible theory one defends (conjunctions between stars and planets), has two drawbacks
- conjunctions were known in the past and it was perfectly clear that a conjunction was a temporary superposition of a fixed star and a moving star (the way they called planets). If it was really a conjunction, there should have been a clear hint of this in the Bible. And there is not.
- putting Greek or Latin names on stars and planets does not make any sense at all if you consider the historical context : The Magi came from the East and probably from what is today's Iran or Iraq.
I would thus suggest a complete other interpretation and suggest this star to be associated with Spica and this for various reasons :
- Spica should move thru the zodiacal equator about 2 BC. Its movement was already known to the Greek for centuries and in 130 BC, Hipparcos made an estimate about this movement : He put it as more than 1° over a century. The actual value is 1° in 71 years. This means that the position of Spica changes every year for about only 1 minute (about 1% of the moon diameter) which is perfectly observable for a well trained astronomer/ astrologer, especially if they can directly refer to fixed objects on the horizon. Also, this meant that it should rise at the very eastern point of the sky the night of the spring equinox. This event only occurs once every 25900 years and is thus infinitely much rarer than a conjunction.
- the fact that Spica should slip thru the zodiacal equator was for this reason an event which was observed in the Greek and Near-Orient world but not in other cultures. In Other cultures this event was "seen" but not observed for they were missing the necessary scientific frame which makes just the difference between "observe" and "seen".
- And only for the Hebrews or cultures strongly in contact with them (e.g. a strong Jewish Diaspora was already steadily set up in Babylon since the 6th century), this star was directly related to Jerusalem for Spica is called in Arabic Al-Zimach, or in Hebrew, Tsemech. This word means "the branch", i.e. in the biblical context where this word has been used only four times, the branch from which shall sprout the Machiah.
This interpretation explains perfectly well why :
- there has been spoken of only ONE star,
- which rose in the East
- and which induced them to go WEST straight to Jerusalem,
- why the Magi could only come from the Middle-East and
- why the star has not been observed in other cultures.
Yours sincerely,
willibrord oomen
wpj oomen - 12/26/2009 12:34:11 AM
Yes, this is quiet interesting, but what alot of people are wondering is, why is there a brown dwarf star coming towards the earth? Is that the star that killed the dinosaurs?Or a pattern of doom? What I want to know is, how did a comet cause the exstinction of dinosaurs and how are humans still of existence..If there was a huge comet, wouldn't it have killed all things?Is that the comet that's going to kill humans?
Interested - 5/24/2011 5:17:16 PM
I have spent some time on finding out if Spica was the Bethlehem star. Of course, whatever the conclusion it remains just a theory and there is always some difference between theory and truth.
I based myself upon the ancient Zoroastrian tradition of which remnants survive in Iran. Needless to say that a country like Iran will not really defend Christian or Zoroastrian viewpoints. This makes that what still exists outside of the islamic point of view is just even more interesting.
First of all, Zoroastrianism says the Magi came from Zabol near the Afghan border. It is interesting to know that fairly close to Zabol, there existed some kind of observatory which was used to determine experimentally the Zoroastrian New Year (spring equinox).
I think I found its exact location and by modeling the sky as seen from this point (including refraction which depends of altitude, pressure and temperature) and taking into account the landscape, it turns out that Spica rose in the very exact eastern point.
One should point out that measuring (i.e. getting a numeric value) is not exactly the same as comparing two positions. Measurements in these days were imprecise (precision about 0.75°) ; comparing positions is very much easier. E.g the Giza pyramids are aligned North-South within an angle less than 0.05° (or 1/10th of the sun diameter). By using a 30 yard long base with just two mark stones at each end (which is an easy trick for observing near horizon events), the error margin may be reduced even ten times more.
Also, it seems the Catholic considered Spica for about 1500 years long to have been this Bethlehem star.
For these and other reasons I think it is plausible to consider Spica as the Bethlehem star.
Regards for all, wpjo
wpjo - 7/2/2013 9:22:36 PM
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Chester Unleashes Mighty, Zingy Cheetos
Plano, Texas-based Frito-Lay North America rolls out Cheetos Mighty Zingers, a cheesy innovation and the tiniest Cheetos snacks ever made and marketed from the world's most mischievous and playful snack brand, which is part of PepsiCo.
Building on the launch of Cheetos Giants in 2009, Chester this year switched things up in the flavor lab to give fans just the opposite type of fun snacking experience. Each brightly colored bag is packed with a punch, combining two unique flavors into tiny but mighty snack clusters that are great on their own, but even better together. There's even a playful perforated "pouring tab" up top, making it easier than ever to pop a delicious handful of Mighty Zingers straight into your mouth.
Mighty Zingers tempt Cheetos aficionados with Ragin' Cajun & Tangy Ranch and Sharp Cheddar & Salsa Picante varieties.
"We're always looking for ways to bring fun into our consumers' lives and offer them products that provide a release from their busy days," says Rudy Wilson, vice president of marketing at Frito-Lay. "From the flavors to the shape, we're excited to see how people enjoy and play with this tiny two-taste Cheetos snack."
As Cheetos Mighty Zingers "invade" the real world, fans can also get their cheesy fix in the digital world at www.chestersfeed.com, where Chester's Feed aggregates all the best of the web, starring the beloved snacks. From fan-made videos to photos and even artwork, there's a host of fun content created by consumers. The web site also houses fun games, news, recipes and more.
Suggested retail price is $2.99.


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Brown baseball will celebrate the dedication of Murray Stadium on Saturday before its first doubleheader with Harvard.
April 19, 2007
Providence, RI - Before the Brown baseball team kicks off a crucial four-game series with Harvard on Saturday, a special pre-game ceremony will be held to officially dedicate Murray Stadium, the Bears' home field.
Located on Aldrich Field, Murray Stadium will be dedicated in grateful recognition of Suzanne and Terrence Murray and their children, longstanding Brown Sports Foundation Vice President Paula Murray McNamara '84 and Christopher D. Murray '94, for their commitment to Brown and generosity in funding this stadium for Brown University baseball. The Murray family gift funded landscaping around the stadium, a new infield for the baseball diamond, and other improvements around the park.
University President Ruth J. Simmons, Director of Athletics Michael Goldberger, and Corporation fellow Elizabeth Zopfi Chace '59 will join the Murray family at the event, which will begin with the unveiling of a plaque behind the stadium's press box at 11:45 a.m. The ceremony will then move down onto the diamond, where Terry Murray will throw out the first pitch.
The Bears and Crimson enter this weekend tied atop the Red Rolfe Division at 7-3. Brown has easily been the top hitting team in the Ancient Eight with the top batting average in the Ivy League at .344, 49 points better than the next-best team, and the most runs scored with 88. The Bears also lead the League with 12 home runs and eight triples, and are tied for first with 17 stolen bases.
The trio of junior Ryan Murphy (Mantoloking, NJ), junior Matt Nuzzo (Everett, MA), and senior Devin Thomas (Gainesville, FL) is currently 1-2-3 in the league in batting average in Ivy games, at .500, .436, and .432, respectively. Senior Bryan Tews (Park Ridge, IL), fresh off being named the Ivy League Player of the Week on Tuesday, is just a few spots behind in seventh with a .400 average. Thomas tops the league with 19 runs batted in, three triples, and 33 total bases, and is tied with Tews and two other players with three home runs. Sophomore Steve Daniels (Fox Point, WI) tops the Ivy League with 15 runs in League play, is tied for first with six stolen bases, and is tied for second with two triples.
On the mound, the Bears are tied for third in Ivy play with a 4.27 ERA. Junior Jeff Dietz (Altamonte Springs, FL), who is tied for second with five doubles at the plate, is tied for third with a 2.57 ERA and is third with 24 strikeouts. Senior James Cramphin (Simsbury, CT) is just behind him in sixth with a 2.66 ERA, while he sits one strikeout from the Ivy lead with 27 k's.
Harvard, on the other hand, leads the Ivy League by 1.25 runs with a 2.85 team earned-run average. Junior Brad Unger is tied for fourth in the League with a 2.57 ERA in conference play. Freshman Max Perlman is 10th at 3.15, freshman Eric Eadington is 13th at 3.48, and junior Shawn Haviland is 14th at 3.57. At the plate, juniors Matt Vance and Tom Stack-Babich are 12th and 13th in the League with respective .361 and .355 averages, while the Crimson are fourth as a team with a .276 average.
Fans in attendance at Saturday's games will be treated to unlimited free hot dogs and drinks, while supplies last. For fans that cannot attend the games, Brown Student Radio will be broadcasting the first game of each doubleheader (12:15 Saturday, 1:00 Sunday), on 88.1 FM in the Providence area and on the Internet at www.bsrlive.com.


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Friends, how many of us have them? It ain't just a corny Whodini song. Keith Hufnagel and Ray Mate have been pals since 1988—that's 20 years—so you know they've been through plenty of sh-t since they originally met in the streets of Canarsie, Brooklyn. In fact, Huf has made quite a career for himself in skateboarding, while Ray has been following the same trajectory in the streetwear circuit. His company Mighty Healthy, which launched back in 2004, has estabished itself as one of the major players in the streetwear game. So it makes perfect sense that MHNY and DVS have joined forces for a cobbler collab. Actually, the project is much more than a shoe collaboration: The line also consists of plenty of apparel pieces, including a reversible gray and black vest, branded T-shirts, and two custom colorized shoe designs—the Huf 5 Runner and Huf 5 Mid. And the coloways selected actually have some meaning to it: Ray was inspired by the colors of Xavier High School—a Jesuit school located in the Chelsea Neighborhood in Manhattan that Huf attended growing up. That's a meaningful relationship right there. To get your hands on the DVS x Mighty Healthy collection, you're gonna have to wait 'til November where it'll be available in finer skateshops around the world. Check out the product below, and make sure to visit DVS' MHNY microsite. They even included Huf's original sponsor-me tape!
(And make sure you're getting your daily product fix at our Gear Blog.)


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07 June 2017
Academics and industry partners in Birmingham are developing a new device that will ensure newborn babies could survive in the event of a crash in an ambulance at up to 40 miles per hour.
Product design experts at Birmingham City University have teamed up with Evac+Chair International - makers of the world's most popular stairway evacuation chair - to develop the first-ever stretcher interface device (SID) for neonates.
The universal device for neonatal equipment will be securely attached to European Ambulance Loading Stretchers (EALS) and those in other markets worldwide, complementing the existing range of goods and services offered by Evac+Chair International.
With the newborn contained within an incubator, the partners are devising a quick attach/release mechanism that will see the device disengage from oxygen, power and other survival supplies in the event of a road traffic incident, to be then transferred quickly to another ambulance vehicle.
Through Birmingham-based Evac+Chair International's ParAid brand, the company already produces an award-winning ambulance child restraint (ACR) - a flexible and fully adjustable harnessing system for the safe and effective transport of infants and children. What makes SID unique to previous designs is that it will isolate the baby from sudden accelerations and decelerations to reduce the stress of road transport.
To test the effectiveness of the design, SID will be impact tested at 40 miles per hour in a similar manner to how the European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP) verifies the fit and protection offered by child restraints in the event of a front or side crash.
More than 78,000 lives have been saved since Euro NCAP's crash safety tests were launched in 1997, and the Birmingham team hope their SID and related products will achieve a safety rating similar to those given on child restraint systems.
The project has been made possible due to a knowledge transfer partnership (KTP) which has been agreed between Birmingham School of Architecture and Design, part of Birmingham City University, and Evac+Chair International.
The terms of the programme will see a recent graduate from the University's Product and Furniture Design course employed to work on the two-year project. Research findings from the collaboration will also be fed in to the University's curriculum, ensuring that its teaching is informed by industry practice and innovation.
Dr Panch Suntharalingam from Birmingham City University is the lead academic on the partnership programme. He said:
"The major challenge in this project will be the development of a stretcher interface device with impact-resistant fixing points and ports for oxygen, power and other survival supplies situated around what encapsulates the newborn.
"In order for the product to be desirable, it needs to be compatible with any European ambulance trolley, so this adds an additional complication, as the variation in emergency vehicles and their components differs across the continent.
"However, our work is vital in guaranteeing the safety of newborn patients in ambulances and giving their families piece of mind - something that will be at the forefront of all our minds throughout the project."
There is a lack of research in recent ambulance accidents in Europe but in the USA, between 1992 and 2011, there was an average of 1,500 crashes involving an ambulance that resulted in an injury, with 2,600 incapacitated as a result. 29 per cent of the deaths caused in these incidents were ambulance passengers.
Ges Wallace, Managing Director, Evac+Chair International, said:
"Working with Birmingham City University will enable us to develop a world-class innovative safety conscious products to complement our existing range of specialist patient and casualty handling equipment."
There are approximately 16,000 transfers of premature and sick babies each year in Britain, according to the UK Neonatal Transport Group. Many of these transfers are needed so that babies can be cared for in the correct type of neonatal unit.
44 per cent of neonatal transfers in 2014/15 were of babies who were moved to a more specialist unit. For example, this happens when a baby needs complex, long term intensive care because they are very premature or sick. Another 44 per cent of transfers were of babies moved to a less specialist unit when their condition improved.
20 April 2018
Evac+Chair International surveyed visitors at this year's Health & Safety Event at the NEC with surprising results. Of the visitors questioned, 55% do not include terrorism within their emergency evacuation plans.[Read Article]
28 March 2018
Evac+Chair will again be showcasing its world-leading emergency stair-descent solutions at this year's Health and Safety Event, taking place at Birmingham's NEC from 10 - 12 April 2018, stand number HS120. [Read Article]
10 October 2017
A guide to Fire Safety Risk Assessments for educational premises. [Read Article]
08 September 2017
Evac+Chair launches guide to emergency evacuation[Read Article]
20 July 2017
PGA European Tour, promoter of this year's Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open golf tournament, has 'paired' up with Evac+Chair International by employing the use of their stairway evacuation chairs which will enable mobility impaired guests easy access and egress in the event of an emergency situation.[Read Article]
04 July 2017
Shifting demographics and social awareness of issues such as disability are bringing greater diversity into the modern workforce. Accessibility is something that every organisation must consider. That brings specific implications for those responsible for health and safety practices within a building. Gerard Wallace, Managing Director of Evac+Chair looks at the changing workforce profile and the key issue of ensuring safety for everyone in the event of a building's evacuation.[Read Article]
Product design experts at Birmingham City University have teamed up with Evac+Chair International - makers of the world's most popular stairway evacuation chair - to develop the first-ever stretcher interface device (SID) for neonates.[Read Article]


text:
Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society 1915 Volume XVI, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4
Oregon Historical Quarterly
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Publisher: Oregon Historical Quarterly, Portland
Publication Date: 1915
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text:
Reader is back
by fralik
As of 27 September 2011 Reader link has disappeared from the GMail's navigation menu. Again! This extension will bring the Reader link back.
Make sure you allow interaction with secure pages in extension's privacy settings! This is done in order to put Reader back when Gmail is using https.
- This extension can modify or add functionality to one or more websites.
Feedback from users
Reviews and ratings
having felt good to have it.Reader is back.
UPD! All of you who want a real customization of GMail menu, feel free to download Custom Google Menu https://addons.opera.com/en/addons/extensions/details/cgm-custom-google-menu/?display=en
Thank you everybody. Glad you are enjoying this little script.
@damonachey: thought about that. I plan to release it next week. Will give the announcement here.
Nifty, any chance of expanding this with a configuration menu that would let us choose the order?
Excellent, I really hated that switch, thanks for fixing it!
Works nice


text:
Pantyless means lacking panties. Pantyless while wearing clothes is often called going commando. For example, wearing pants but no panties, or a dress and no panties. There are different levels of going pantyless:
- The mildest level is to go pantyless under pants. In this case only the pantyless woman knows, that she does not wear panties. The reason might be to avoid panty lines.
- The next level is to go pantyless under knee-long or longer skirts. The pantyless woman can feel her lack of panty while the chance of anyone else noticing it is relatively little.
- The highest level is to go pantyless under miniskirts, where the chance of other persons spotting her pussy is high.
- The next level is to go bottomless.
Many report that often sexual stimulation is generated while going pantyless:
- For the girl, it might be the thrill that she is the only one to know that she is not dressed according to the standard etiquette.Or the excitement of knowing that someone may see up her skirt and discover her secret.
- For the male partner, it is the knowledge that he is the only one to know that his girl wears no panties.
Catching a pantyless upskirt photo is one of the highest rewards for voyeurs. Going pantyless spontaneously is also called airing the pussy. A special type of pantyless is going pantyless in pantyhose.
Typical situation to go pantyless include (but are not limited to):
- Reason for going pantyless is the intention of flashing pussy or flashing ass.
- Of course you get rid of your panties before picking up your hubby from work in order to allow occasional finger fucks.
- When visiting the local bookstore to read a book and have some coffee, you of course do it pantyless:
- When visiting Italy, everybody expects from you to be pantyless:
- When wearing a nice summer dress, you need to be pantyless:
- When wearing pantyhoses, there is no need at all for a panty, so go you of course pantyless:
- Many girls go pantyless to the clubs:
- When wearing tight jeans, you can easily go pantyless:
- When wearing a micro mini skirt Marie can easily decide when to start being pantyless
- Less to pack when traveling.
- Cooler in summer.
- Faster dressing
- No pantylines
- Upskirters will not see your panties
- Flirty skirts on windy days will not reveal your panties but will flash your pussy
- Less laundry
- Easier to reach pussy for playtime
More Pantyless Women Photos
Many photos and videos from amateurs and voyeurs showing pantyless women can be found in VCity, the erotic adult playground, under Pantyless Photo Blog
See also: bottomless


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The Milwaukee Brewers shut out the Atlanta Braves 2-0 Friday.
MILWAUKEE — Jean Segura hit a home run and Wily Peralta allowed two hits in seven innings to lead the Milwaukee Brewers to their second shutout of the season, a 2-0 victory over the Atlanta Braves on Friday night.
Peralta (5-8) won for the second time in his last eight starts, giving up two singles to go with four strikeouts and four walks.
Francisco Rodriguez pitched the eighth and Jim Henderson the ninth for his 10th save. Rodriguez picked up the previous five saves for Milwaukee to reach No. 299 in his career while Henderson was on the disabled list.
Segura finished with three hits, including his 11th homer of the season, and Norichika Aoki added three singles.
Julio Teheran (5-4) gave up two earned runs on eight hits in 61⁄3 innings. He struck out five and did not allow a walk. Segura's solo homer to lead off the fifth gave Milwaukee a 2-0 lead.
In the first, Aoki and Segura singled before Carlos Gomez was hit by a pitch to load the bases. Aramis Ramirez gave Milwaukee a 1-0 lead on a sacrifice fly. Gomez was picked off first and Juan Francisco popped out to end the rally.
Atlanta struggled to score for the second night in a row.
In the fifth, Atlanta picked up its first hit of the game when B.J. Upton led off with a single. He took second when Uggla flew out to deep center field and advanced to third on an infield single by Johnson.
This time, Teheran attempted a safety squeeze and bunted the ball to the right side of the plate. Peralta was able to field the ball in his glove and quickly tossed it to catcher Martin Maldonado, who tagged out the sliding Upton. Simmons followed with a fly ball to the right-center field gap that was caught by a diving Aoki.
Atlanta also had runners at first and second with two outs after Henderson walked Justin Upton and B.J. Upton in the ninth, but Uggla flew out to center to end the game.


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LOUDON, N.H. (AP)- Kevin Harvick will take his Budweiser sponsorship with him when he moves to Stewart-Haas Racing next season.
Harvick will drive the No. 4 Chevrolet for SHR. Budweiser will serve as primary sponsor for 20 races as well as the Budweiser Duel during Speedweeks at Daytona International Speedway. Budweiser will serve as a major associate sponsor for the remaining races on the Sprint Cup Series schedule.
Harvick has 21 Cup wins, 96 top-fives and 198 top-10 finishes in his career. He drives the No. 29 for Richard Childress Racing and is fourth in the point standings this season.
Harvick made the decision last year to leave the RCR team that hired him in 1999. He's made the Chase for the Sprint Cup championship the last three seasons.
"When you show up to the same desk for 12 or 13 years, you're like, `Man, I need a new desk,"' Harvick said Friday at New Hampshire Motor Speedway. "It's just something where you want a change of pace. That's one of the pieces it all boiled down to."
SHR fields cars this season for Stewart, Ryan Newman and Danica Patrick. Stewart said Newman, 16th in the points race, will not return in 2014.
"We're not ready to expand to a fourth team," Stewart said. "That's what's made this a bittersweet day. I'm bringing in another one of my friends to the organization, also knowing that I'm losing a friend at the end of the year. … This was a business decision."
Newman, of course, could fill the empty seat at RCR. Kurt Busch, who drives for Furniture Row Racing, is a potential candidate along with Childress' grandson, Austin Dillon.
Harvick has represented Budweiser since 2011. Bud has been a staple in the Cup Series dating back to its sponsorship of Terry Labonte's No. 44 Chevrolet at Stratograph Racing in 1983. Budweiser has celebrated a championship and nearly 60 wins in NASCAR's elite division with the likes of Darrell Waltrip, Geoff Bodine, Bill Elliott, Kenny Schrader, Ricky Craven, Wally Dallenbach, Dale Earnhardt Jr., Kasey Kahne and Harvick.
"I've developed a great relationship with so many people at Budweiser and am very happy it's an association that will continue for many years to come," Harvick said. "We've enjoyed a lot of success together and our expectations match right up with those of Stewart-Haas Racing."
That inconsistency and inability to win a Cup title with RCR had been frustrating for Harvick, and led to a revolving door of crew chiefs on the No. 29 the last several years. As Harvick went winless through the first 34 points races last year, it made sense to look around even though his contract ran through 2013.
He settled on a move to SHR, where he will drive for Stewart and get a chance to see if a fresh start will push him to the top of the series.
"Budweiser is the leader in its industry and Kevin has proven himself year-after-year in our sport. It's a partnership we welcome as it will make our entire organization stronger," Stewart said.
Harvick has been with RCR in the Cup series since he replaced Dale Earnhardt after his fatal crash in the 2001 Daytona 500.
"I can't thank Richard Childress and everyone at RCR enough for everything they've done for my career," Harvick added. "I was just trying to make a name for myself in the Truck Series and Richard believed in me enough to make me a part of his race team back in 1999. Without him, and without the hard work of so many people at RCR, I wouldn't be where I am today."
© Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Only one mobile payment solution is likely to flourish in the United States, and Isis – the joint venture between AT&T, T-Mobile, and Verizon – wants to be the one. And though Google Wallet has been available for a few months now, Isis will be ready for the Highlander-style clash soon.
Isis announced today that it will begin testing mobile payments through near-field communication (NFC) in Salt Lake City and Austin, Texas by mid 2012. The trials will be done at participating merchants and allow consumers with eligible debit and prepaid cards to link their banking info securely into their phones and make payments using NFC-capable phones.
The venture also announced that Chase, Capital One, and Barclaycard have all joined its mobile commerce effort. The three new merchants follow American Express, Discover, Mastercard, and Visa as companies that have signed-on to offer the ability to make payments through NFC. The newly-announced banks will have branded experiences within Isis according to the announcement.
Google Wallet is outgunned by Isis in terms of smartphone manufacturers, wireless carriers, and merchants signed on to support it. While I've been pleased with the experience so far of using the app, security mistakes, carrier resistance, and the stiff competition in an already tight market have me worried for its chances.
In a year or two when NFC mobile payments are really supposed to take off, we'll see which solution proves to be the most successful.
"We believe Isis is strongly positioned to bring the convenience, value and simplicity of mobile commerce to consumers. We're excited to build this offering for customers and our card partners with Isis and look forward to shaping the future of payments."
- Stewart Holmes, senior director-mobile commerce strategy, Barclaycard US
- Isis is a Time Lord apparently. (headline fixed. thanks for … by Andrew Kameka
- 2012, correct? (title) by Mike Lewis


text:
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On Blast: Lethal Lipps Says Brian Pumper's Girlfriend Exposed That He Sprays Cooking Oil On His Jewelry & Calls Montana Fishburne An Idiot! + Shows Off Her Skills On A Cucumber
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Atlassian Sourcetree is a free Git and Mercurial client for Windows.
Atlassian Sourcetree is a free Git and Mercurial client for Mac.
Keep track of remote branch heads in Mercurial.
With this extension installed, Mercurial gains one new feature: when you pull from a repository listed in .hg/hgrc's [paths] section, you get output similar to the following:
@ 3[tip] 7c2fd3b9020c 2009-04-27 18:04 -0500 durin42 | Add delta | o 2[default/default] 030b686bedc4 2009-04-27 18:04 -0500 durin42 | Add gamma | o 1[stable/default] c561b4e977df 2009-04-27 18:04 -0500 durin42 | Add beta | o 0 d8d2fcd0e319 2009-04-27 18:04 -0500 durin42 Add alpha
What this output is showing is that the head of the default branch in a repo at path stable is c561b4e977df, and the head of default in the repo at path default is at 030b686bedc4. This is accomplished by sending a single extra request to the Mercurial server after the pull is complete. The nature of this request (branchheads) requires that the server be Mercurial 1.3 or newer.
This extension should work properly with paths from the schemes extension included with Mercurial 1.4 and later. Other extensions which perform varying kinds of manipulation on the repository path may not function as expected.
When revsets are available (Mercurial 1.7 and later), remotebranches makes three new revsets available: pushed(), upstream() and remotebranches(). The pushed() revset returns all revisions that are have been pushed to any repository tracked by remotebranches. The upstream() set is those revisions which are in a repository whose path is listed in the upstream field of the [remotebranches] configuration section. If there is no remotebranches.upstream setting, it defaults to behaving identically to pushed(). The remotebranches() revset simply returns all remote branches head changesets.
When template keywords can be registered (Mercurial 1.5 and later), remotebranches adds a remotebranches keyword returning a space separated list of all names of remote branches heads on a changeset.


text:
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Kellogg's Debuts FiberPlus Cereal
Fiber-containing food products have flooded the market as Americans struggle to meet their daily fiber recommendations, but the need for something tasty and nutritious doesn't stop. Research by the Hartman Group found consumers also seek to add more antioxidants and other nutrients to their diets.
That's why Kellogg Co., Battle Creek, Mich., introduces Kellogg's FiberPlus Antioxidants Cereals containing both fiber and antioxidant vitamins C and E in two varieties -- Berry Yogurt Crunch and Cinnamon Oat Crunch.
It is an ideal product extension, since Kellogg's FiberPlus brand raised the bar on taste and nutrition last year with the introduction of Kellogg's FiberPlus Antioxidants Bars. Now that great taste and nutrition of Kellogg's Fiber Plus reaches the cereal bowl. In fact, Kellogg's FiberPlus Antioxidants Cinnamon Oat Crunch cereal has 9g of fiber per 32-g serving (35 percent DV). Berry Yogurt Crunch cereal mixes whole-grain wheat and rice flakes with crunchy berry- and yogurt-flavored clusters and supplies 25g of whole grains per serving.
"Kellogg's FiberPlus is a brand that understands that consumers want to get positive nutrition without sacrificing great taste," says Cheryl Dolven, director of nutrition marketing at Kellogg Co. "Kellogg's FiberPlus Antioxidants Cereals deliciously delivers fiber and antioxidants. It's an ideal choice for consumers who want great taste and nutrition from their cereal."
Suggested retail price is in the neighborhood of $5.


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- This event has passed.
7:30pm – Bronze 3 & 4 Group Class
February 12 @ 7:30 pm - 8:10 pm
|Recurring Event (See all)
An event every week that begins at 7:30pm on Tuesday, repeating until April 2, 2019
A group class designed for all our students who have passed their Associate Bronze certification (Bronze 1 and 2). Focus will be on more advanced material from the Full Bronze (Bronze 3 and 4) patterns and a deeper level of technique.


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Dusty Camps Start August 23 at TAMIU
One of the biggest changes in a student's life becomes easier with the offering of Texas A&M International University's "Dusty Camps" Aug. 23 - Friday, Aug. 25.
The Camps are designed to help students transition into University life by meeting with University faculty who teach first year courses, TAMIU staff and fellow students. Campers also learn about student services, and see what TAMIU is all about.
For 2006, two special guests, Peter Bielagus and Troy Stende, will share their experiences with students and motivate them to do their best.
Bielagus, a licensed financial advisor, decided to write a personal finance guide, Getting Loaded: A Complete Personal Finance Guide For Students and Young Professionals. Mixing humor and emotion with real life examples, he empowers audiences to make the best of themselves by making the right choices today. According to the American Council on Education, freshmen had average credit card balances of $790. Peter Bielagus had a balance of $5,000 his freshman year, but was debt free when he graduated.
Winner of the "Best Campus Speaker" award from the Association for the Promotion of Campus Activities in 2002, 2004 and 2005, Stende's passion and enthusiasm for life are contagious. He empowers students to discover their full potential and turn that potential into reality. He was featured in USA Today for living his dream job as a professional keynote speaker and high-impact trainer.
The Dusty Camps schedule for enrolled TAMIU students is as follows:
Wednesday, Aug. 23: Transfer orientation from 10 a.m. - 3 p.m.
Thursday, Aug. 24: From 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Peter Bielegas, keynote speaker, at the Student Center Ballroom from 10 - 11:30 a.m., freshman Convocation at the Center for the Fine and Performing Arts Recital Hall from 12 - 12:30 p.m., Dusty Pride Walk and lunch with faculty in the SC Ballroom from 12:30 - 1:30 p.m.
Friday, Aug. 25: Troy Stende in the SC Ballroom from 9:15 - 11:15 a.m.
For more information, please contact Betty Momayezi, associate vice president of student affairs at firstname.lastname@example.com, call 326.2280 or visit offices in the Student Center, room 226A.
Journalists who need additional information or help with media requests and interviews should contact the Office of Public Relations, Marketing and Information Services at firstname.lastname@example.com


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My 2.5 year old daughter is not eating enough. Do you have any advice?
Q. HiMy daughter is 2.5 years old. she donot wannat eat any food.she is just drinking milk through fedder about 4-5 times a day in 4 ons.By force i am trying hard and giving her porridge half bowl with milk 3 times a day.bute her weight is 10 kgs which not enough for age although she is very active and always wanna play.but looking very week.Kindly advice what i should i have to give her for daily food.i am living in pakistan
A. Children can go through food 'jags' and be picky, but this sounds more serious. Can you mash some soft fruit, beans (like chickpeas, etc.) or lentils into her porridge (not all at the same time) to make sure she's getting other good nutrients? The fact that she's active and playful is a good sign, but I would be sure she is seen by a doctor as well.


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A little while back, we realized we were nipping at the heels of "big data" territory, arriving at near 1 terabytes of data. We being the team at Bankable Frontier Associates I work with, through a partnership with the Center for Emerging Markets Enterprises at Fletcher. Not quite a size that would titillate folks who drink Hadoop and sleep in Elastic Clouds, but it was a sobering moment that caused for some reflection on the limits of what we could do with all this information, even as we strained a pretty souped up machine to it's limits.
Most of my concerns stem from the fact that big data has the disconcerting property of confessing to something – anything – under sufficient coercion. It's a variation of the age-old problem of statistical correlation, aptly captured in the XKCD to the right –>
As the venerable Nassim Taleb points out, "We're more fooled by noise than ever before, and it's because … with big data, researchers have brought cherry-picking to an industrial level. … I am not saying here that there is no information in big data. There is plenty of information. The problem — the central issue — is that the needle comes in an increasingly larger haystack."
When you're dealing with data on tens of millions of accounts and billions of transactions from financial institutions serving clients in eight countries, that's a rather massive haystack to get lost in. In situations like this, it is ever so important to have a set of null hypotheses that can be proved/disproved conclusively, thereby keeping us honest, instead of chasing spurious connections.
Which brings us to correlation vs causation. Yes, we have granular transaction data over a course of years for each account holder, meaning we know everything they are doing with that account. We can also have up to twenty characteristics of the client and the account type – age, gender, income, occupation, age of account, interest rate paid, etc.
But unless such studies are paired with detailed financial diaries, we know nothing of the individuals motivations for why they do what they do, or of the rest of their financial portfolio and financial tools at their disposal. This means we usually cannot say things like, "the average account holder saves Ksh X for her child's school uniform".
And that's ok.
Causality in the social sciences is a hard problem. It's not possible to hold "everything else constant" like we can with the hard sciences. Human free will allows for a mind-boggling array of choices, people may not always take the same decision despite being faced with the same choices, and somethings an effect may have multiple contributing causes.
Quantitative researchers do the best they can to account for all possible explanatory variables and then attribute degrees of causality to certain variables. Because we don't have all possible explanatory variables when dealing with big data, we restrict ourselves to demonstrating strong correlations and usually end up indicating potential causal connections and let others take it from there – such as field researchers who can conduct focus groups to dig in deep.
This may not sound intellectually gratifying, but it is once you get into the thick of things. Let's consider the example of two savings types: A, which is a short-term, low-balance almost transactional behavior, and B, which is accretionary savings over the course of a year leading to a decent balance. A is strongly correlated with ATM card usage, while B is strongly correlated with branch usage. 20-40% of all savings accounts seem to display A-type behavior, while about 1% display B-type behavior across many of the financial institutions we have looked at and I can talk about. What questions come to mind? How about:
- Do ATMs make it hard to save larger amounts over the long term because it's just so easy to take money out? Do branches make it harder for folks to withdraw funds willy nilly and therefore save more over the long term?
- Or.. do clients self-select to use ATMs in cases where they need easy access to money and intermediate small amounts through that channel, leaving large amounts of transactions aimed at towards building that large lump sum for some purpose to happen at branches, not least because they don't feel safe hauling a satchel of catch to an ATM in the middle of nowhere?
The implications of potential answer(s) can be profound. The first would imply that while we have celebrated ATMs as a successful de-congestion measure for banks, reducing staff load, client wait-times and operational expenses associated with physical branches, they have also caused people to save less, which can be antithetical to the cause of financial inclusion. On the other hand, the second would imply that branches still have certain benefits that are not being captured by other channels, and more effort needs to be made to address this convenience/security factor.
Of course, as with any complex system, the actual answer probably contains kernels of truth from both possibilities, and then some. Unless ridiculously fortuitous natural experiments present themselves with just the right incentives, say through subtle product rule changes intended to "nudge" a certain type of behavior, it's well nigh impossible to seek answers to these kinds of questions irrespective of how big "big data" is.
(Btw, having 1% of accounts display a particular type of behavior across different banks in different countries is highly interesting in itself, since there is nothing definitional that would force this to happen. But that's another story.)
I, for one, sleep peacefully at night knowing that often, all I can expect to get from "big data" are glorified correlations; anything else is gravy.


text:
MIAME/Plant-compliant and Plant Ontology enhanced expression
resources for Maize.
The 8K maize pilot array (CornChip0) was created by Affymetrix in collaboration
with the Buckler (USDA-ARS/Cornell), Wise (USDA-ARS/Iowa State), and
Walbot (Stanford) labs.
An 18K array was developed for release to the community, based on the
8k pilot array.
The 58K maize spotted oligonucleotide array was developed by
University of Arizona (UA), The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR)
and University of Wisconsin (UW) and is funded by the National
Science Foundation, Plant Genome Program, Project number DBI-0321663.
More information is available
For problems with the webpages contact
PLEXdb webmasters
Page last updated: September 23 2011 22:22:18


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Israel News - Stay Informed, Pray Informed
The Israeli Knesset's Christian Allies Caucus and the World Jewish Congress on Wednesday jointly hosted the eight annual Night to Honor Israel's Christian Allies.
After various Israeli politicians and Christian leaders spoke about the shared roots and shared destiny of Christians and the Jewish people, the organizers got to the meat of the evening, the honoring of two Christians who have done much to advance Jewish-Christian relations in recent years.
One of those Christians is a known quantity. Jane Hansen Hoyt has, through her international ministry Aglow, done much not only to support Israel, but also to advance women's rights around the world.
The other honoree is an anomaly. Just over a year-and-a-half ago, a previously unknown Greek Orthodox priest from Nazareth began to publicly call on fellow Arabic-speaking Christians to join the Israeli army and fully integrate with Israel's Jewish society.
Father Gabriel Nadaf has been slandered and threatened much for his troubles, but very rapidly, the anomaly he represents has become a movement.
The nation of Israel today, thanks to the efforts of Father Nadaf and others in this movement, is very much aware of not only the Christian ally that exists out there in the world, but the one that lives right here in the Land of Israel, as well.
Nadaf told the gathering that the budding relationship between local Christians and their Jewish countrymen is "a cause of great pride for me," but noted that much more needs to be done.
"I am here to open the eyes of the community," Nadaf stated. "It is up to us to say 'enough.' The Christian community wants to integrate into Israeli society and opposes the stances of its leadership, which is not interested in doing so."
But the Israeli government representatives said there is also much that needs to be done on their end to fully bring local Christians into the fold.
"It is about time that we accept you as partners in everything," Member of Knesset David Rotem told Nadaf. "We [the Jews] are more your brothers than anyone in Jordan, Lebanon or Egypt."
Rotem was alluding to another campaign being led by Nadaf and his associates to have the Israeli government recognize them as a minority separate from the Arab Muslims. Many, Nadaf included, argue that local Christians are not truly Arabs, even if they do speak the language. Christians, they point out, have been in the land since long before the Arab Muslim conquest.
Shai Hermesh, a former Knesset member and current head of the Israeli branch of the World Jewish Congress, further encouraged Nadaf, insisting that "you are with us, but more importantly, we are with you [the Christians]."
Member of Knesset Gila Gamliel, who co-chairs the Christian Allies Caucus with MK Rotem, told Nadaf, "For us, you are an Israeli hero!"
Want more news from Israel?
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Description of 1409 Edsent Avenue, Charleston, SC 29407
Waterfront access without the water front price. Beautiful home over 2,000 square feet. This three bedroom two bath home is surrounded by .89 acres of lush land. The home is set back for the ultimate amount of privacy. This island community boasts a common boat ramp and stunning views as you enter. This home has all the modern elements. Open floor plan for the ultimate hosting experience. The chefs kitchen with a 7'x4' island, quartz counter tops, stainless appliances has more storage than you can use. The vast pantry creates a space for large appliances. The master is completely separated from the rest of the bedrooms for seclusion. Both bathrooms are updated. Enjoy a glass of wine as you stroll to the water front to enjoy one of Charlestons most beautiful sunset.Oversize 2 car gar
Property Features of 1409 Edsent Avenue, Charleston, SC 29407
Single Family Detached
Edgewater Park
West of the Ashley Inside I-526
|Elementary school: St. Andrews
|Middle school: St. Andrews
|High school: West Ashley
|Central air
|Heat pump
|Two car garage
|Stucco exterior
|Covered patio
|Lot acreage is: 0.89
|Subdivision: Edgewater Park
|Cable television available
|Ceramic tile flooring
|Eat-in kitchen
|Wood floors
|Wall to wall carpeting
|Kitchen island
|Living and dining room combo
|Separate dining room
|Walk-in closet(s)
|Slab Foundation
Rooms & Dimensions
|Family Room
|Laundry room


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Assistant Store Manager - Full-Time - CALVIN KLEIN
Assistant Manager
Offering Men's and Women's Lifestyle Apparel & Accessories
The new Calvin Klein store will offer a full range of men's and women's better apparel, jeanswear, underwear and accessories, including bags and small leather goods, eyewear and fragrance.
Calvin Klein, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of PVH Corp., one of the world's largest apparel companies, owns and markets the iconic Calvin Klein and Tommy Hilfiger brands worldwide.
It is the world's largest shirt and neckwear company and markets a variety of goods under its own brands, Van Heusen, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, IZOD, ARROW, and its licensed brands, including Geoffrey Beene, Kenneth Cole New York, Kenneth Cole Reaction, MICHAEL Michael Kors, Sean John, Chaps, Donald J. Trump Signature Collection, JOE Joseph Abboud, DKNY, Ike Behar and John Varvatos. For more information, please visit pvh.com.
Calvin Klein offers:
- Competitive salaries
- Medical benefits for full-time Associates
- Career growth opportunities
- Generous discounts on merchandise
- Training and development
Responsible for the overall performance of the store, generating sales performance, recruiting and developing staff, maintaining store appearance, controlling expenses and shortages.
- Identify and implement strategies and initiatives to achieve and exceed business goals
- Oversee and maintain the customer service standards to the highest possible level
- Communicate professionally and effectively with employees and all support services within the company, act as the primary liaison for corporate communications (Human Resources, Loss Prevention, Operations, Merchants)
- Represent the Calvin Klein image through personal and professional appearance
- Take responsibility for productivity and profitability of the store including sales growth, staffing and inventory results
- Understand and comply with all company policy, procedures and operations
- Maintain the highest level of security and safety awareness within the store
- Recognize problems, analyze causes, generate alternatives and solutions
- Manage all controllable expenses, including the allocation of payroll
- Attend mall/center management meetings
- Hire, train, motivate and supervise management and sales staff with a keen sensitivity to hiring people who have strong presentation and communication skills representative of the Calvin Klein image
- Develop all employees to be knowledgeable in areas of product, merchandising, operations, customer service, sales and growth within the company
- Effectively supervise the sales floor to ensure customer / associate awareness at all times
- Demonstrate teamwork within store and company and ensure that staff is treated professionally, respectfully and courteously
- Lead by example
- Minimum of one to three years of Retail Management experience, preferably in a retail clothing environment, or equivalent senior management experience
- Minimum high school education or equivalent. Bachelor's degree in Business or related field preferred
- Ability to communicate with customers and store personnel
- Excel in Customer Service skills
- Physical capacity to maneuver around sales floor, stock room and office
- Excellent communication skills
- Aptitude with cash register and office computer
- Willingness to work a flexible schedule to meet the needs of the business
With a history going back over 135 years, PVH has excelled at growing brands and businesses with rich American heritages, becoming one of the largest apparel companies in the world. We have over 36,000 associates operating in over 40 countries and nearly $9 billion in annual revenues. We own the iconic CALVIN KLEIN, TOMMY HILFIGER, Van Heusen, IZOD, ARROW, Speedo*, Warner's, Olga and Geoffrey Beene brands, as well as the digital-centric True & Co . intimates brand, and market a variety of goods under these and other nationally and internationally known owned and licensed brands.
* The Speedo brand is licensed for North America and the Caribbean in perpetuity from Speedo International Limited.
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Here's your chance for your "Seven Minutes" of fame.
The thriller movie by that name is seeking extras to fill the stands Sunday evening for a football game scene being shot at Haller Middle School in Arlington.
"Just show up. It is pretty much an open invite," said Sean Straub of Experience Everett, the city's contracted tourism service.
"A diverse crowd is pretty much what they are looking for. Grandparents, kids and everything between. What you'd expect for a football game."
Guess who else will be there?
Leven Rambin, the leggy blonde who played Glimmer in "The Hunger Games," and Australian heartthrob TV actor Luke Mitchell.
Rambin plays Mitchell's cheerleader girlfriend in the movie produced by veteran director Rick Rosenthal. Other stars in "Seven Minutes" include Kris Kristofferson, Jason Ritter, Zane Holtz and Brandon Hardesty, but they won't be at Sunday's shoot.
The movie's plot is about the heist of a mortgage broker's stash of money by a young athlete who takes a wild turn after suffering a serious injury. Many scenes were shot in downtown Everett and around Snohomish County in May.
Scrimmaging on the Arlington field will be Everett High School and Cascade High School football teams. Cheerleaders and coaches from the rival schools will also be in Sunday's shoot.
The game is the grand finale call for extras. Several hundred are needed to be in the stands.
Extras should arrive by 6:30 p.m. Sunday at the middle school stadium, 600 E. First St. The crowd scene will take several hours. Filming will continue until 5 a.m. Don't worry. You don't have to stay that long.
It's an unpaid gig, but extras can enter a free raffle for numerous prizes. Food will be available for purchase. A deejay will keep the masses entertained when the cameras aren't rolling.
Extras should wear red or blue, the two team colors. "If they could bring both colors, that would be ideal," said Herman Esau, key assistant location manager.
Clothes with trademarked logos or artwork are not allowed.
Minors must be accompanied by an adult.
"It's a controlled environment," Esau said. "It is regimented. People have to be able to listen."
School property rules apply: No drugs, alcohol or weapons are allowed. "No mayhem of any kind," Esau said.
The movie is expected to be shown in theaters next year. For more information about the film, go to www.imdb.com/title/tt2828954.
For questions about being a movie extra, email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Andrea Brown; 425-339-3443; email@example.com. Synopsis
"Seven Minutes" is the story of three friends, Sam, Mike and Owen, forced by circumstance to commit a brazen robbery. What begins as a simple plan — "in and out in seven minutes" — quickly becomes a dangerous game of life and death. As each minute of the robbery unfolds, another twist is unveiled and the stakes are pushed higher and higher. In the final act, Sam's pregnant girlfriend Kate is kidnapped, escalating the situation even further and pressing our heroes to do whatever they can to make it out alive.
Source: "Seven Minutes"