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Differentiating benign from malignant
Theo Falke and Robin Smithuis
Radiology Department of the Groene hart hospital in Gouda and the Rijnland hospital in Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
Update: 19-5-06
Adrenal masses are seen in 1% of CT-examinations.
Most of these masses are benign.
Even in patients with a known malignancy these masses are usually non-functioning adenomas.
The issue is how to differentiate these benign adenomas from malignant adrenal masses.
Adrenal masses: benign versus malignant
The most common tumor in the adrenal gland is the adenoma.
Adenomas are reported to occur in from 1.4% to 8.7% of postmortem examinations.
Adenomas large enough to be recognized at abdominal CT examination are found in 1% of patients.
Adrenal adenomas have two properties that differentiate them from non-adenomas. (1)
1. 70% of adenomas contain high intracellular fat (lipid-rich adenomas) and will be of low attenuation on unenhanced CT.
2. Adenomas rapidly wash out contrast.
Unenhanced CT. Using a safe threshold value of 10HU on a native CT scan results in a sensitivity of 70% and a high specificity of 98% for the diagnosis of an adenoma.
A density equal to or below 10 HU is considered diagnostic of adenoma.
30% of adrenal adenomas do not contain enough intracellular lipid to have a density of less than 10 HU and cannot be differentiated from malignant masses on an unenhanced CT.
These adenomas are called lipid-poor (3).
Enhanced and Delayed scan.
Although on the initial enhanced CT (at 60 sec) most adenomas show mild enhancement, while malignant tumors and pheochromocytomas show strong enhancement, there is too much overlap in attenuation values to allow differentiation between malignant and benign.
A number of these adenomas however can be differentiated from malignant masses on the basis of their fast wash-out of contrast.
The wash-out can be calculated by comparing the attenuation value at 60 sec with the attenuation value on a delayed scan at 15 minutes.
The most commonly used formula is the 'enhancement wash out' formula presented on the left (sometimes called absolute wash out).
Attenuation values are measured on unenhanced, initial enhanced (at 60 sec) and delayed CT (at 15 min) .
Click here to go to the Adrenal Characterization Calculator.
A calculator for the enhancement washout formula aswell as another formula for the 'relative wash out' (only based on the enhanced and delayed scan) is given in reference 1.
You only need to fill in the attenuation values and an answer is given whether the mass is probably an adenoma or not. (1)
CT-Algorithm benign versus malignant
Mostly an adrenal mass will be found on an enhanced CT that is performed in patients with abdominal complaints or patients that
are referred for lungcarcinoma staging.
As differentiation between benign and malignant is usually not possible on the initial enhanced CT (at 60sec), ordering the patient back for a dedicated adrenal-CT is the best strategy ( although some prefer MRI).
If on the unenhanced-CT the density is equal to or below 10 HU the lesion is considered to be an adenoma and no further workup is neccessary
If the density is more than 10 HU the wash out should be calculated.
If the washout is not compatible with an adenoma, a biopsy can be performed if a definitive diagnosis is crucial to the patients management.
On the left an adrenal mass identified during staging for lungcarcinoma.
On an enhanced CT at 60 sec the attenuation value was 22HU.
The next day patient was ordered back for dedicated adrenal CT.
On the unenhanced CT the attenuation value was -19HU indicating the presence of a lipid-rich adenoma.
No further work up was needed.
On the left a dedicated adrenal protocol in a patient with an adrenal mass.
On the unenhanced CT there is a small homogeneous mass that is well defined. The density is 9 HU, which is characteristic of a lipid-rich adenoma.
Although the protocol should have stopped at that moment, i.v. contrast was given to determine the washout.
The enhancement washout = (43 - 22) : (43 - 9) = 62% indicating a fast washout characteristic of an adenoma.
The lower the density on the unenhanced CT and the faster the washout the more confident you can be in making the diagnosis of an adenoma..
The discriminating parameters on CT based on
attenuation values only apply to homogenous
Metastases may have a relative low HU due to central necrosis.
Although chemical shift MRI is commonly performed, it is believed by some not to provide additional information beyond that which is already
available on unenhanced CT (4).
The characterization of a lesion as an adenoma relies on the ratio of a decreased relative signal intensity from in phase to opposed phase images and the ratio of adrenal mass and various organs on T2-weighted and chemical shift images.
There are no reported studies yet that compare unenhanced CT, delayed enhanced CT, and chemical shift for the discrimination between adenomas and nonadenomas.
Morphologic features
Adenomas are generally small, homogeneous and well-defined lesions with clear margins. Although the presence of these features are non-specific the absence strongly suggests a nonadenoma.
In a retrospective study Gufler et al (5) combined morphologic criteria with the density measurements on unenhanced CT and found a high accuracy in differentiating adrenal adenomas from metastases in patients with a known malignancy. They proposed a scoring system based on density (10% of HU), contour (plus 2 if blurred), homogeneity (plus 1 if inhomogeneous) and size (in cm).
By setting a threshold at 7 points all but one lesion in 56 patients were classified correctly.
Percutaneous biopsy
With the new imaging algorithms there is a decreasing need to perform percutaneous Fine needle aspiration (FNA) for definitive characterization. Because a benign cytological diagnosis does not exclude malignancy, FNA cannot be recommended as a standard procedure in the diagnostic work-up.
Major complications (2.8-3.6%) include pneumothorax that requires treatment, hemorrhage, abscess, pancreatitis, and seeding along the track.
Prior to FNA a clinical and laboratory assessment should be done to exclude the possibility of a pheochromocytoma as FNA may precipitate a hypertensive crisis.
Adrenal biopsies can be performed via a posterior approach with the patient in the prone position. The risk of a pneumothorax can be reduced by caudal angulation of the gantry.
The lateral decubitus approach is also safe and well tolerated. The patient is placed 'downside' for whichever adrenal gland that is being biopsied. This position elevates the diaphragm on the lesion side and decreases the volume of the lung, thereby reducing the risk of the needle traversing the lung en route to the adrenal gland.
The reported accuracy of FNA is 90-96%. Findings from FNA are most likely to be conclusive if the mass is a metastatic tumor.
FNA should only be performed when the diagnosis is crucial to patient management (figure).
Specific Adrenal tumors
Primary Adrenocortical carcinoma
Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare and often diagnosed at an advanced stage. They tend to be large at diagnosis. Patients present with abdominal pain, palpable mass or Cushing's syndrome (50%). The combination of Cushing's syndrome and virilization is frequently found. CT demonstrates a large inhomogeneous mass with heterogeneous enhancement. An adrenal carcinoma is not likely to be less than 5 cm in diameter. Central necrosis is common. Calcification is seen in 20-30% of cases.
Most tumours spread by both the haematogenous (lung, liver and bone) and the lymphogenous route. Metastases to the contralateral adrenal, or simultaneous bilateral involvement may occasionally be found.
As in renal cell carcinoma tumour tends to spread early by direct invasion of surrounding structures. Extension of the tumour into the renal vein or inferior vena cava is not unusual. MR can be helpful in defining the cephalic extent of the tumour . This is important to the surgeon to gain vascular control.
On the left a patient with a small right adrenal carcinoma on CT with high SI on T2-weighted MRI, indistinguishable from lipid-poor adenoma except for invasion into the inferior vena cava.
Adrenal metastases are found in 27% of postmortem studies in patients with malignant neoplasms.
Lung and breastcarcinoma and melanoma are the most common primary tumors.
A diagnosis of adrenal metastasis is important in examining patients with cancer because the metastasis indicates inoperable stage IV disease (except in ipsilateral renal cancer).
Adrenal metastases have no specific imaging features.
Statistically most non-adenomas are metastases.
On the left a patient with partial liver resection for metastasis of a colon carcinoma. Left adrenal metastasis in follow up with no specific imaging findings. The lesion is indistinguishable from a true lipid poor adenoma or non-adenoma such as a neuroendocrine tumour, primary adrenocortical carcinoma, sarcoma or lymphoma and infection.
As mentioned above adenomas can be divided
into lipid-rich adenomas ( 10HU on unenhanced CT).
Lipid-poor adenomas do contain intracellular lipid but not enough to be of an attenuation value
The NIH state-of-the-science conference has proposed a minimal standard evaluation for adenomas to rule out endocrine function (4).
Myelolipomas are benign tumors composed of bone marrow elements. Usually they are easy to recognize on CT or MR because they contain areas of fat. Calcifications are seen in 20% of cases.
On the left another adrenal mass mainly composed of fat. Diagnosis myelolipoma.
Pheochromocytomas are paragangliomas arising from the adrenal medulla. They are hormonally active in 90% of cases. Morphologic findings on CT and MRI include large variation in size, homogeneity, and margination of the tumours and significant enhancement in most cases. On MRI tumours have a low SI on T1-weighted images and a very high SI on T2-weighted images.
Pheochromocytomas are sometimes called the 10% tumor because they are associated with a 10% risk of malignancy, 10% of the tumors are bilateral, 10% are hormonally inactive and 10% are extra-adrenal (figure).
Usually, tumors are larger than 3 cm when seen. They are highly vascular, and larger tumors are prone to hemorrhage and necrosis, even when they are benign.
Extensive adrenal hemorrhage may occur at any age and under various circumstances such as severe stress as in surgery, sepsis, burns, hypotension, trauma, hemorrhagic diathesis and underlying conditions such as adenoma, cyst and tumour.
Cysts may be of any size and in most instances are unilateral. Large cysts may be complicated by hemorrhage and consequent onset of acute symptoms. Pathological substrates include epithelial , endothelial, parasitic, and pseudocysts. Most importantly lesions show a thin wall and no enhancement after intravenous contast material.


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|Session 9: Feelin' Groovy? by Emily Steinberg
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[...] week, Graphic Therapy is Feelin' Groovy with comic memories of Hitler dreams, new-age grade-school make-out dramas, and an early foray into [...]
if it takes penises and pussies to help you find your calling, then i say hooray for penises and pussies!
Read Graphic Therapy: Notes from the Gap Years, a new comic from SMITH.
Read A.D.: New Orleans After the Deluge, SMITH's acclaimed webcomic about 6 real-life survivors of hurricane Katrina.
SMITH's smash-hit first online graphic novel published by Warner Books. Praise for Shooting War
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subset: commoncrawl


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Nic Cage's face must go on everything. It's the law. Not even Pokémon are exempt.
Someone started a Pokémon x Nic Cage Tumblr and it is glorious. They're going through the original 151 Pokemon, and so far what they've created is amazing. Check it out:
You can view more...uh, Cagemon? Over at this here Tumblr.
(Via Tiny Cartridge)


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OREGON 73CLX - Loop of Chainsaw Chain
Replaces OEM : Oregon : 73CLX
Chain Number : 73
Pitch : 3/8"
Chain / Cutter Type : Chisel
Gauge : .058"
Grind : Square
Loops : Yes
Sequence : Standard
Drive Link Count : Please order the above part number times x the required number of drive links to receive correct size chain loop to suit your chainsaw
Fits : Selected chainsaws with 12" to 36" guide bars
Features : Built on the 73/75 chassis SUPER GUARD DuraPro is a wide kerf high
performance square-ground chisel chain
? Top-performing square-corner ?chisel? cutters sever wood fibres completely in a single pass.
? Ramp-shaped depth gauges help reduce kickback without the weight or bulk of bumper drive links or tie straps.
? OREGON DuraPro is the most durable 3/8? square-ground chain available.
Patented steel is tougher than any of our competitors It cuts every type of timber stands up in any kind of weather and stays together in all cutting conditions
LubriLink is a cavity in the chain tie straps that acts like an oil reservoir This additional lubrication ensures oil remains on the chain bar and chain joints to increase chain and bar life
Vibe-Ban chain reduces the level of vibration by 25% or more at the handles
Please Note : Recommended for petrol saws up to 100cc 12?-36? guide bars
Brand : OREGON
Product Line : Chainsaw chain saw chain


text: Sijun Forums :: View topic - [crit/suggestions] Log in to check your private messages Sijun Forums Forum Index >> Work in Progress View previous topic :: View next topic Author Topic : "[crit/suggestions]" BubonicmemberMember #Joined: 21 Sep 2000Posts: 209Location: Long Island, NY, US Posted: Thu Jan 04, 2001 1:31 pm I really like the blue light reflection. Nice job on the teeth also, they are very well done.. YOu could do some work on the hair though.. Other than that, really really nice job.. Back to top A.ButtlememberMember #Joined: 20 Mar 2000Posts: 1724 Posted: Thu Jan 04, 2001 1:33 pm I got one. Put more in the title than [crit/suggestions], chew boy. ------------------ Larry Flint's right! You guys suck! Joe Dillingham firstname.lastname@example.com Three Times A Day Back to top LightmemberMember #Joined: 01 Dec 2000Posts: 528Location: NC, USA Posted: Thu Jan 04, 2001 3:42 pm Sorta nice. The hair.. hair can be hard or easy. Try to give it more direction.. imagine each hair as a path hmm with triangles on the end. Also, try to break the hair down into large surfaces with simple shading.. then put in highlights and individual strands. Back to top masticatorjunior memberMember #Joined: 17 Dec 2000Posts: 47Location: the crypt Posted: Fri Jan 05, 2001 12:32 am Here is a character i drew yesterday. i know, all my little babies are a bit freaky, but maybe you could give me some advice for this stuff on the both sides of his head that is meant to be thicker hair. and some advice for the character on the whole, like lightning and stuff. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Sijun Forums Forum Index -> Work in Progress All times are GMT - 8 Hours Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Digital Art----------------Digital Art DiscussionWork in ProgressGallery/Finished Work Miscellaneous----------------Random MusingsArchive : Sep99 - Dec00 You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum Powered by phpBB © 2005 phpBB Group


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DENVER Recent earthquakes in Colorado and elsewhere were induced by a drilling procedure to dispose of wastewater, federal geologists planned to argue in a report announced Wednesday.
The Denver Post reported Tuesday that Colorado drilling regulators said more study is needed on the link between drilling waste disposal and the uptick in earthquakes. Nevertheless, regulators in Colorado have started to look for seismic risk in permit reviews.
A report due this week at a gathering of the American Geophysical Union says an increase in earthquakes on the Raton Basin in Colorado and northern New Mexico is tied to disposal wells where drilling wastewater is injected. Drilling companies use disposal wells to bury brine water and chemical waste that result from hydraulic fracturing, or fracking.
A 5.3-magnitude earthquake near Trinidad last year triggered minor rockslides, toppled chimneys and cracked walls. No one was hurt. The quake came after injection of 4.9 million cubic meters of wastewater.
And Tuesday, a 3.9-magnitude earthquake was recorded about 20 miles west of Cokedale, near the New Mexico border. The temblor was reported by the National Earthquake Information Center in Golden, but no damage was immediately reported.
The wastewater report should prompt discussion of disposal wells, said U.S. Geological Survey scientist Justin Rubinstein, co-author of the report.
This is a societal risk you need to be considering, Rubinstein told The Post.
A USGS team based in Menlo Park, Calif., found that the quake in Colorado and a damaging 5.6-magnitude quake in Oklahoma both were induced by disposal of fracking waste underground.
From 1970 until 2001, five quakes of magnitude 3 or higher were recorded on the Raton Basin. Scientists counted 95 quakes of that magnitude between 2001 and 2011 and concluded that natural-gas and oil operations caused the majority, if not all, of the quakes since 2001.
While the evidence is convincing that deep burial of drilling waste can trigger quakes, it also appears that few of the 40,000 disposal wells nationwide have done so, Rubinstein said.
But I dont think blowing this off is a good idea, he said. Its a problem we need to understand. Theres been millions of dollars of damage. If you trigger bigger earthquakes, theres a possibility of worse outcomes.


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Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
Swansea undone by controversial call
A controversial offside decision means Swansea's quest to secure a place in the knockout stages of the Europa League will go down to the wire after defeat to Valencia at the Liberty Stadium.
A draw would have been enough to take Swansea through from Group A with a game to spare, but they fell behind to Daniel Parejo's 20th-minute strike and then lost striker Wilfried Bony to a worrying hamstring injury.
They thought Alvaro Vazquez had levelled just before the break when Diego Alves could not hold Jonjo Shelvey's shot and the Spaniard tapped in, but the flag went up despite replays suggesting the two Swansea players were onside.
If the goal had stood, it would have been enough to seal a spot in the last 32, but instead Swansea must wait until their final game against St Gallen to discover their fate.
Michael Laudrup's side are three points clear of third-placed Kuban Krasnodar, with the Russians having to go to group winners Los Che in the final round and Swansea three goals better off.
Valencia were much improved from the first meeting between these two sides and deserved their lead.
Gerhard Tremmel did not deal with a Sergio Canales corner and Parejo slotted home when Juan Bernat's deflected shot fell to him.
Parejo went close to a second and forced Tremmel into sprawling save before Swansea saw Bony head off pulling up chasing a long ball.
The key moment soon arrived as Bony's replacement Vazquez finished from close range after Shelvey could not find the net, but the flag went up to Swansea's fury.
And the Welsh club's night was summed up when Jeremy Mathieu cleared a goalbound effort off the line and Angel Rangel limped off in the dying minutes.
Swansea had enjoyed a famous 3-0 win when the sides met at the Mestalla in the opening round of Group A fixtures, but there quickly appeared little chance of a repeat as Valencia started with an authority and crispness in their passing.
However, it was the hosts who had the first real chance. Alves punched an Alejandro Pozuelo corner straight at Bony, who headed it back just wide of the left-hand post.
Nathan Dyer also threatened aerially from a Neil Taylor cross, only for the visitors to strike the first blow.
Tremmel's punch fell to Bernat, and when his shot struck Roland Lamah it fell perfectly for Parejo to slot home.
Swansea responded with an extended spell of pressure, but failed to work Alves with Tremmel the busier keeper.
The German had to tip a low Parejo shot away as it headed for the bottom corner, while Jonas worried him with a fizzing drive from distance.
Swansea's cause was not helped by the sight of record signing Bony being helped off; with Michu also currently sidelined, the Ivorian's injury comes at a particularly bad time.
The hosts were left furious as Vazquez's effort was ruled out moments later and they surrounded the assistant referee before being ushered away by Italian referee Luca Banti.
The decision looked to be wrong and the ill-feeling spilled over as Chico Flores and Joao Pereira had to be kept apart as the teams headed off at the break after a clash just before the whistle.
Valencia almost made the most of the let-off when Canales produced a lovely pass to split the home defence, only for Sofiane Feghouli to fire across the face of goal.
Swansea thought their casualty list was set to extend when Jordi Amat went down after a clash of heads.
The defender was fine to continue, but only after a shambolic episode as Swansea failed to locate a spare shirt in a similar manner to an incident involving Michu against St Gallen earlier in the campaign.
Swansea pressed for the goal that would put them through and substitute Jonathan de Guzman forced a save from Alves, who also kept out Vazquez's follow-up and a misdirected Pozuelo effort.
Vazquez was then denied again as Mathieu superbly blocked on the line after the striker had beaten Alves to compund Swansea's frustrations.


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Share, discuss, and plan ideas for IYC 2011
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Join the IYC Network
This forum is all about sharing your ideas and plans for celebrating IYC 2011. Ideas are just ideas! They might lead to nothing more or they might bloom into something exciting – up to you! You can just post simple suggestions, you can start a discussion and seek comments, or you can post a request for collaboration with other members of the IYC network. You can also just browse and search the forum to see what others are thinking about and add your comments.
Ready to turn your ideas into action? If so, switch to the Activities section and submit your plan for consideration.
Development of an Organic Reagent Collaboration Kkaustubh Kkaustubh | added on Jan 19, 2012 A reagent must be developed to help synthesize and create and interconvert the molecules of varied functional groups in usage with minimum amount of energy and temperature and allowing more speedier reactions.
|professional chemists
Pilot project called experimental rocketry, is the analysis, design, construction and launch of an experimental rocket fuel solid with a payload in excess of 1000 meters Collaboration Juan carlos Arias cañón | added on Jan 01, 2012 The experimental project called Mission Rocket Pioneers is part of the Space Program Eduacación +14 EEA School conducted by the Colombian Association Astcol Astronautics. It seeks to involve students in the design, analysis, construction, testing and launch of an experimental rocket.
|experiments, exhibition
|students, general public, secondary schools, teachers, scientists, high schools, educators
Involving high school students and teachers Collaboration Manica Perdan Ocepek | added on Dec 07, 2011 ICY is approaching its end and the activities of our school are summarised.
|experiments, presentations, history of chemistry, environment, engaging the youth
|students, secondary schools, teachers, high schools
One Million IMPACTING Two Hundred Million Collaboration Sydney Kloppers | added on Dec 02, 2011 This project is focusing on the further development of NATURAL SCIENCE & CHEMISTRY in junior and high schools in developing nations around the World over the next 10 years at least, and we have called the project "One Million IMPACTING Two Hundred Million"!!
Honoring Clara Immerwahr: a heroine of chemistry and humanity Collaboration Pierre Waithe | added on Nov 30, 2011 Clara Immerwahr is a German chemist who took a lone but courageous stand against her nation and her infamous husband/rival, famed chemist Fritz Haber in opposition to chemical warfare during World War One.


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Google Hangout With Stars of 'Shark Tank' On Funding Your Business
For startups and established entrepreneurs who want to fund their businesses with the help of angel investors, perfecting the pitch is crucial. If you're looking for tips on how to best present your business to investors, watch this special video chat with some of the 'sharks' from the ABC reality show Shark Tank.
Angel investors Barbara Corcoran, Lori Greiner, Daymond John and Kevin O'Leary (jokingly referred to as Mr. Wonderful on the show), were taped in a live Google Hangout on Nov. 1.
Corcoran has long been known as a real estate mogul in New York City. Her jackpot success came with the sale of her real estate company, The Corcoran Group, for $66 million in 2001. Daymond John is a branding expert who is famously known for the launch of urban clothing brand FUBU. Greiner has been referred to as the 'Queen of QVC' as she has created more than 350 products and holds 110 U.S. and international patents. O'Leary launched his consumer software company from his basement and ultimately sold it in 1999 to Mattel Inc. for $3.7 billion. Shark Tank airs on Fridays at 9 p.m. ET on ABC.
Related: Shark Tank's Daymond John on Thinking Big


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Tonight's Concert Picks: The Wallflowers at The Trocadero, Riley Road at World Cafe Live, Chick Corea at McCarter Theater
XPN Welcomes The Wallflowers to the Trocadero tonight. The Grammy award-winning rock band are touring in support of the recent release of their sixth studio album, Glad All Over. The all-ages show starts at 8 pm, and you can find more information on our concert calendar here. Watch the video for "Reboot The Mission" from Glad All Over below.


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Finding Love on LinkedIn
If your LinkedIn profile can help you find a job, then why not a date?
That's the idea behind LinkedUp!, a new networking app for those who want to ensure their next match is gainfully employed before they meet for drinks.
The app, which for now is compatible only with iPhones and other iOS devices, is a cross between the professional networking website and Tinder, the popular dating app. Users filter potential mates by job industry, age, proximity and gender. Just like Tinder, two users who signal they like each other are encouraged to chat.
If LinkedUp! has a familiar user experience, its data source is novel. Many dating apps, like Tinder or Hinge, sync with Facebook to pull in a user's photo and personal information, but this is the first to use source code from LinkedIn.


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The Block Contestant's Epic Tirade Over 'Bogan' Judge
Shaynna Blaze has found herself the target of contestant Carleen's ire on the latest episode of The Block.
After Carleen and husband Dan scored just 17 out of 30 for their guest bedroom, the show's oldest contestants let rip.
Calling the reality judge a "bogan from nowhere", it seems she was unaware that while cameras weren't rolling she was still being recorded.
🙊 #9TheBlock | https://t.co/XZAjqF4fy0 pic.twitter.com/LF7WyDrVxh— The Block (@TheBlock) September 4, 2016
"To call this a mishmash and the stuff they've said is terribly insulting," she said of the judging.
"I will find it very hard to meet them."
WATCH The Moment Carleen lets rip into Shaynna...
It's not the first time Shaynna's been called a bogan.
In 2014, former contestant Dee Jolly's anger also focused in on the Interior Designer for her comments during judging.
At the time, Dee called Shaynna the "bogan from Wantirna" who had no idea about styling.
She went on to warn the judge to stay away from her at the wrap party.
At the time Shaynna called Dee a sore loser, pointing out the inconsistencies in her comments.
"It's no surprise to hear such comments when contestants lose, but it's interesting that they don't have these opinions when they win," she told the Herald Sun.
What do you like most about @DanAndCarleen's Room? https://t.co/rGh8bETk7Y #9TheBlock pic.twitter.com/z8qkLsb5Am— The Block (@TheBlock) September 4, 2016
While she's refused to comment on Carleen's latest slur, we're guessing Shaynna used to tired, grumpy contestants by now.
TRENDING NOW: Meet The New Batch Of Bachelorette Contestants


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Commencement Speeches
Commencement Address - John Bravman
Commencement Speaker - Sheryl WuDunn
Class Response - Ralph "Chet" Otis '14
President's Senior Awards Ceremony "What Does It Take To Succeed?" Provost Mick Smyer
Please note: You are viewing an archived Bucknell University news story. It is possible that information found on this page has become outdated or inaccurate, and links and images contained within are not guaranteed to function correctly.
LEWISBURG, Pa. — Sheryl WuDunn believes in the power of the individual. She's written about it in her best-selling book, Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide. She's preached it in her 2010 TEDGlobal talk. And in May, she'll speak to more than 900 Bucknellians about the differences they can make as they prepare to venture into the world. On a recommendation by the Class of 2014, WuDunn will be the keynote speaker for Bucknell's 164th Commencement Celebration.
"Through her words and her actions, Sheryl WuDunn has shown a great passion for the social change that can be brought about by the actions of one," said Bucknell President John Bravman. "We are delighted to secure a speaker who is of such great interest to the Class of 2014, and we look forward to the message she will share as our graduates begin to make their own mark in this world."
Aside from co-authoring three best-selling books, WuDunn is a business executive, entrepreneur and philanthropist. A former vice president with Goldman Sachs' investment management division, WuDunn is currently a senior managing director at Mid-Market Securities, LLC, where she helps growth companies focusing on new media technology, entertainment, social media, healthcare and emerging markets.
Prior to moving into the investment world, WuDunn worked at The New York Times as both an executive and a journalist. She was The Times' first anchor of an evening news program for a digital cable TV channel, and worked and as a foreign correspondent in Tokyo and Beijing, where she wrote about economic, financial, political and social issues.
WuDunn earned a Pulitzer Prize for her coverage of China's push for democracy and the Tiananmen Square protests, making her the first Asian American to win the award. WuDunn has been honored with numerous other awards, including the Dayton Literary Peace Prize for Lifetime Achievement, the George Polk Award, the Pearl S. Buck Woman of the Year Award and the Harriet Beecher Stowe Prize. In 2011, Newsweek cited WuDunn as one of the "150 Women Who Shake the World."
"Ms. WuDunn's work as an author and businesswoman is powerful and inspiring," said 2014 Class President Kelsea Alderman. "We're excited to have her share her experiences with us on what will be one of the most important and memorable days of our lives."
WuDunn graduated from Cornell University and holds advanced degrees from Harvard Business School and Princeton University. She has also received honorary degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and Middlebury College.
Bucknell's 164th Commencement will take place on Sunday, May 18, 2014, at 10 a.m. Click here for more information on the weekend's schedule. For a complete schedule of events, registration and general information, including accommodations and dining, visit www.bucknell.edu/commencement.
Commencement Address - John Bravman
Commencement Speaker - Sheryl WuDunn
Class Response - Ralph "Chet" Otis '14
President's Senior Awards Ceremony "What Does It Take To Succeed?" Provost Mick Smyer
Eight students shone in white stoles that signified a special accomplishment as the first graduating class of Bucknell's Engineering Success Alliance.
Engineering Success Alliance Graduates its First Class
Close to 900 receive degrees at Bucknell University's 164th Commencement.WuDunn to Graduates: Change the World, Change Yourselves
When winter break splits the academic year in two, most students take a few weeks to relax and recharge for the spring semester.
Not Ralph "Chet" Otis '14, the student selected to speak for the Class of 2014 at Bucknell University's 164th Commencement.
Rosanne Cash and John Leventhal will perform in concert May 16 at 7 p.m. in the Weis Center as part of Bucknell's Commencement Concert series.Commencement Concert: Rosanne Cash
David Boger, a professor of engineering at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, will receive an Honorary Doctor of Science degree during Bucknell University's 164th Commencement on Sunday, May 18.Read more about David Boger
The following links are virtual breadcrumbs marking the 27 most recent pages you have visited in Bucknell.edu. If you want to remember a specific page forever click the pin in the top right corner and we will be sure not to replace it. Close this message.


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Irish Halt Baseball Win Streak at Eight, 7-1
BATON ROUGE -- Notre Dame defeated No. 11 LSU, 7-1, Sunday to snap the Tigers' eight-game win streak.
LSU (13-3) will have another crack at the Irish (7-5) Monday at 6:30 p.m. as freshman right-hander Aaron Nola (2-0) will take the mound for the Tigers.
Notre Dame's Sean Fitzgerald (2-1) picked up the victory Sunday after pitching eight innings and allowing six hits, one run (one earned), one walk and striking out four. Leftfielder Conor Biggio led the Irish with two hits and three RBIs.
LSU sophomore Kurt McCune (1-2) took the loss for LSU after working three innings and giving up six hits and five runs with one strikeout.
"It was one of those days when things didn't seem to go our way, and you have to credit Notre Dame for playing a great ball game," said LSU coach Paul Mainieri. "We had won eight games in a row, and over the course of season, you're going to have days like this. The good news is we have an opportunity to come right back and play Monday night and try to rebound from a tough loss."
Reliever Joe Broussard pitched admirably for the Tigers and fired four innings, permitted two runs (one earned), three hits, one walk and he struck out one.
Catcher Ty Ross cranked out his second three-hit game of the season and center fielder Chris Sciambra added two more for LSU.
Notre Dame opened the scoring with three in the top of the third. Charlie Markson and Alex Robinson reached base on back-to-back singles to lead off the inning and advanced to scoring position on Jason McMurray's sacrifice bunt. Biggio plated both runners on a double to the right field gap.
Frank DeSico kept the inning going and sliced a single to right field, which moved Biggio to third. Eric Jagielo ripped a line drive that was caught in right by Rhymes, but Biggio advanced home on the sacrifice fly.
The Irish extended the lead in the top of the fourth. Trey Mancini led off the inning with a double to the right center gap. Joe Hudson drove Mancini in from second on a single to left.
Broussard entered the game and got Blaise Lezynski to ground out to second, but Hudson advanced to second. Markson grounded out to the right side and Hudson advanced to third. Robinson crushed a triple past the outstretched Sciambra in center to score Hudson. Broussard forced McMurray to fly out to right to end the inning.
Notre Dame added another run in the seventh. Markson led off the inning with a single to right and advanced to third after consecutive groundouts to the right side. Biggio pushed a slow roller to Austin Nola at short, and beat out the play and moved to second on a throwing error.
Biggio proceeded to steal third and raced home on a wild pitch as DeSico was walked. The run extended the lead to 7-0.
LSU got on the scoreboard in the bottom of the eighth. Ross crushed a one-out double down the left field line and moved to third on Sciambra's single through the right side of the infield. Left fielder Jared Foster drove home Ross on a double in the left field gap and Sciambra stopped at third.
The Tigers kept fighting all the way into the last frame. Nola reached first in the ninth inning after an error by the shortstop and moved to second on Hanover's single to center. Ross nudged a single to right to load the bases for Sciambra. However, Notre Dame reliever Dan Slania stranded the runners on base to end the game.
Notre Dame 7, LSU 1 (Mar 11, 2012 at Baton Rouge, La.)
Notre Dame........... 003 200 200 - 7 11 2 (7-5)
Pitchers: Notre Dame - FITZGERALD, Sean; SLANIA, Dan(9) and HUDSON, Joe.
LSU - Kurt McCune; Joe Broussard(4); Aaron Johnson(8); Cody Glenn(9) and Ty Ross.
Win-FITZGERALD, Sean(2-1) Loss-Kurt McCune(1-2) T-2:16 A-10347
Actual Attendance: 5,425
McCune faced 2 batters in the 4th.


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I get the feeling that weird breasty accoutrements are going to be a mainstay at Carven from here on out. I wish I could affoooord iiiit, suppose I'll have to get on with the business of stapling doilies to the front of my sweatshirt
The top one isn't so bad when it's layered with the shirt. But, yeah, the rest is a little sketchy.
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Watch Movie Black Mass Movie StreamingWatch Movie Black Mass Movie Streaming with duration 120 Min and broadcast on 2015-10-01 and MPAA rating is 0.
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Black Mass Synopsis:
Play Streaming Black Mass James "Whitey" Bulger, an Irish street punk in Boston with a penchant for rape and robbery, spent much of his early life incarcerated. When released from Alcatraz, Whitey returned to his thug lifestyle and rose to power in organized crime by using his FBI informant status to bring down the Italian mafia in New England. He and his fellow hood Steve Flemmi, fed incriminating information on the Italian mob to FBI agents John J. Connolly Jr. and Dick Morris, allowing them to make highly publicized arrests while Bulger filled the void in the upper echelon of Boston organized crime. Whitey Bulger reigned as crime boss into the 1990's until a corruption investigation disgraced Morris, who admitted to taking bribes from Bulger and, with Connolly's alleged assistance, aided and abetted criminal activities involving narcotics, extortion, and murder. Bulger escaped arrest and was on the run for more than a decade, before being apprehended in Santa Monica, CA in 2012.
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What? Nothing.
Ok people, here are our thoughts, not that they are deep or consequential or anything.
We don't like the spin that the team has been playing 'better team defence' in their four game win streak. Ya'll watching some of those games? River hockey against a team you should dominate, Columbus, is not 'better team defence'.
Other than that? Meh. Caught the radio show on the FAN this morning. They were talking about how it would surprise nobody if the Flames lost this game against the Islanders, and we think that is a pretty accurate statement. Which is a big statement in and of itself, right? It's a theme here on DB, hope and faith and how those sentiments relate to the team, and how the team can affect those sentiments in their owners/management/fans.
Buy in is a big thing. In sports, business, life. There is a concept in the Japanese warrior code that we like to relate to the concept of 'buy in'. It's the concept in Bushido of accepting death. Think about that for a moment, how unnatural that is, to embrace death. The human body isn't build for it. It fights against death with every beat of the heart and expansion of the lungs. Your body embraces life.
The embrace of life, however, is the font from which fear flows. And as the Bene Gesserit say, fear is the mind killer (You are reading DB, so excuse us if we assume you are into overwritten works of literature). Inaction stems from fear. Hesitation stems from fear. Fear stems from the embrace of life.
The Japanese fought battles in close quarters, with deadly Katana. Hesitation and inaction would kill a person. Hence the Bushido code to embrace death. If one embraces death, accepts it, honours it, hesitation and inaction are no longer viable options. They disappear, and the effectiveness of (in this case) a Samurai rises exponentially.
Getting back to the point, this is an illustration of the power of buying in. It creates utility, and is essentially free, because it is made of faith. Which is also what makes it so fragile and easily shattered. It isn't made of anything tangible but the moment, and moments pass.
The fact that the Flames fans and the media following this team are half expecting the team to lose to the Islanders is, while harmless in the short term, a reflection of just how bad this team, or rather, how frustrating this team has been over the long term. Frustrating is the better word, we think. This team has been oversold as a Cup contender for about the five years previous to last, and this year and last has been sold as a playoff team. That oversell isn't entirely on the players, and we bring it up to highlight the fact that had they not been oversold with expectations that we know in hindsight where much to high, the fanbase may be treading lighter with this team. But time machines don't exist, and the damage to the brand has been done.
That's one of our main beefs with Ken King, to be honest; the way he has let the brand atrophy under his watch is disgraceful.
What's the point of this whole little diatribe? Nothing so deep as a Herbert epigraph: The Flames play the Islanders tonight. A victory does a little towards restoring the faith; a loss may destroy it completely.
Go Flames, go.
Furthermore, I think


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- All
- Angels and Demons
- Atonement
- Basic Reformed Theology
- Irresistible Grace
- Limited Atonement
- Perseverance of the Saints
- Total Depravity
- Unconditional Election
- The Church
- Church Discipline
- Church Leadership
- Creeds and Confessions
- God
- Holiness
- Sovereignty
- Heaven and Hell
- Heresies
- The Holy Spirit
- Jesus Christ
- Cross
- Incarnation
- Resurrection
- Justification
- Last Things
- Man and Sin
- Reference
- Sacraments
- Salvation
- Faith
- Regeneration
- Scripture
- Systematic Theology
- Theological Views
- Roman Catholicism
- Music
- Apologetics
- False Teaching
- Atheism
- Book Reviews
- Children's Books
- Christian Classics
- Christianity and Culture
- Creation
- Ethics
- Fiction and Literature
- Philosophy
- Science
- Bible Figures
- Bible Interpretation
- Bibles
- Books of the Bible
- Gospels
- Covenants
- General Reference Works
- Introduction to the Bible
- Jesus' Ministry
- Life of Jesus
- New Testament
- Old Testament
- Parables
- Prophecy
- Sermon on the Mount
- Ten Commandments
- The Lord's Prayer
- Controversies in the Church
- Alcohol
- Arts
- Bible Translation
- Covenant Theology
- Creationism
- Education
- Gender-Neutral Language
- Law and Gospel
- Lordship Salvation
- New Perspective on Paul
- Politics
- Race
- Sabbath
- Spiritual Gifts
- Women in Ministry
- Marriage and Family
- Divorce
- Parenting
- Practical Theology
- Discipleship
- Evangelism and Missions
- Grief and Death
- Pastoral Ministry
- Preaching
- Worship
- Spiritual Growth
- Anxiety and Worry
- Apostasy
- Assurance
- Conscience
- Depression
- Doubt
- Fellowship
- Godliness
- Guilt
- Humility
- Joy
- Knowing God's Will
- Legalism
- Love
- Money and Stewardship
- Oaths and Vows
- Prayer
- Pride
- Repentance and Forgiveness
- Sanctification and Growth
- Service
- Spiritual Fruit
- Suffering
- Thankfulness
- Vocation
- American Church History
- Ancient Church
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- Eighteenth Century
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What Is the Gospel?
The nineteenth-century Princeton theologian Charles Hodge said, "The gospel is so simple that small children can understand it, and it is so profound that studies by the wisest theologians will never exhaust its riches." The gospel is absolutely fundamental to …Read More
Our Story
When I return to the first few chapters of Genesis, I'm able not only to review the events of early human history but also to see how humanity hasn't outgrown our earliest aspirations. Perhaps most illustrative of my point is …Read More
A Catechism on the Heart
Sometimes people ask authors, "Which of your books is your favorite?" The first time the question is asked, the response is likely to be "I am not sure; I have never really thought about it." But forced to think about …Read More
Preach the Word
Every season of reformation and every hour of spiritual awakening has been ushered in by a recovery of biblical preaching. This cause and effect is timeless and inseparable. J.H. Merle D'Aubigné, a noted Reformation historian, writes, "The only true reformation …Read More
Is the Enemy of My Enemy My Friend?
We are not living in a season of peace. Thinking Christians must surely be aware that a great moral and spiritual conflict is taking shape all around us, with multiple fronts of battle and issues of great importance at stake. …Read More
Setting a Course for Faithfulness
TT: What are your responsibilities in your role as president of Reformation Bible College and chief academic officer for Ligonier Ministries? SN: Under the supervision and direction of the board of directors, the president of Reformation Bible College governs all …Read More
Finding Contentment Through Boasting
It is a sad condition of our fallen hearts that when we see God's goodness to others, so often instead of rejoicing with them and praising God, we become envious, antagonistic to their happiness, and discontent with our own situation. …Read More
Is God Unjust?
The phrase must have looped over and over in Adam's mind after he took his first bite of the forbidden fruit. "In the day that you eat of it you shall surely die" (Gen. 2:17). This was the day he …Read More
Is the Bible the Word of God?
When it comes to the truth of the Bible, modern people often think like George Gershwin: "The things that you're liable to read in the Bible, it ain't necessarily so." After all, says the skeptic, this book is so chock …Read More
Is There a God?
Answer the question "Is there a God?" in around 775 words? Is this perhaps the easiest assignment Tabletalk has ever commissioned, since the answer is so clear? There are no consistent atheists, only people hiding from God. "The heavens declare …Read More


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Who hasn't dreamed of owning an awesome custom motorcycle? And who hasn't dreamed of taking off for a weekend—or a week—and going on a nice long ride where the cell phone doesn't ring and there's no email to answer? That's what the Honda Interstate is all about. With its 1312cc V-twin engine, the Interstate is the ultimate expression of progressive retro cruiser styling, with one big difference: it's built to go the (long) distance, with touring features like floorboards, roomy leather-clad saddlebags and a custom windscreen.
With its potent 1312cc, 52° V-twin, the Interstate delivers strong low- and mid-range torque, ample passing power and an exhaust note that's like a siren song for the open road.
Long-distance riders know that the Interstate's floorboards, saddlebags and classic fork-mounted windscreen are all you need to turn this custom into a great open-road machine ready to take off at a minute's notice.
The Interstate features front and rear disc brakes, and the option of Honda's Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS). That makes for powerful, sure stops—because you never know what the open road is going to throw at you.
Starting at $10,999*
+ Destination Charge: $450.00
View our Bikes side by side to see which one is for you.


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Spatial Growth Solutions, Multi-Stakeholder Engagement, and Fish: Innovative Public-Private Dialogue in Mauritania's Nouadhibou Free Zone
In the Northern tip of Mauritania lies the Nouadhibou Free Zone. Created in 2013 with financial and technical support from the World Bank, the first international partner to do so, it benefits from a 110-kilometer coastline on the Atlantic Ocean and an exclusive economic zone of 230,000 square kilometers. Its waters are among the most seafood-rich in the world, with a capacity of 1,500,000 tons per year.
The free zone offers investment opportunities in industries, logistics, tourism, retail business and tertiary sectors. However, creating a competitiveness hub in the fishing sector is one of the paramount objectives of the zone, given the importance of the sector for the Mauritanian economy. It represents 5.8 percent of the GNP, accounts for 18 percent of the total exports, and contributes to an estimated 40,000 jobs.
In March 2016, the World Bank approved the Nouadhibou Eco-Seafood Cluster Project (Projet Eco-Pôle Halieutique) with an International Development Association (IDA) grant of $7.75 million out of a total project amount of $9.25 million.
The objective of the project is to support the development of a fishing-sector hub in the Nouadhibou Free Zone aimed at promoting the sustainable management of fisheries and creating prosperity for the local communities.
While the Free Zone has already achieved critical results — such as the attraction of a few international investors in food processing and fish exports, the completion of commercial viability studies of the deep-seawater port and the airport, and the elaboration of a draft law on public-private partnerships (PPPs) — some constraints affecting more specifically the fishing sector remain. They include, among other things, the lack of productive diversification, an integrated value-chain, know-how about certification and international standards, and the octopus fishing quota system.
In addition, the lack of structured dialogue among the various public and private stakeholders in the fishing sector had been identified as a fundamental impediment to the development of the hub's competitiveness.
Louise Cord, the World Bank Country Director, who recently visited Nouadhibou to officially launch the project with the President of the Free Zone, commended the Free Zone Authority for creating a Public-Private Dialogue (PPD) Task Force in 2015.


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Safe Driving In Major Cities
Posted by February 11, 2019on
While driving in a major city, you are likely to encounter traffic jams, bumper-to-bumper traffic, and large numbers of pedestrians and bicyclists. The following are safe driving tips to help smooth the way and reduce your risk of an accident. Avoid Driving During Rush Hour Peak rush hour traffic typically occurs from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and from 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Stay... Read Article
Protecting Your Home Through The Seasons
Posted by January 1, 2019on
Blazing sun, sub-zero temperatures, or any extreme weather conditions can wreak havoc on your home. Seasonal maintenance can go a long way toward preserving the condition of your home. The following are home maintenance checklists for winter, spring, summer, and fall. Winter Home Maintenance Vacuum HVAC registers to remove dust and debris. Flush out water heater to remove built-up sediment. Clean refrigerator coils. Check caulking... Read Article
How Safe Is Your Parking Lot?
Posted by December 14, 2018on
Businesses can be held liable for injuries that occur on the premises, and that includes parking lots. Depending on the type of business you have, the parking lot may be the most dangerous area on your property. If your parking lot is not owned and managed by a third party and is therefore your responsibility, discuss parking lot safety with your business lawyer and business... Read Article
Do I Need Flood Insurance?
Posted by November 19, 2018on
You might think you don't need flood insurance if you live in an area that is considered "high and dry." Although some areas are more susceptible to flooding than others, flooding can occur anywhere. With heavy rains, spring thaws, or rapid accumulation of rain after a wildfire, flooding can occur in places that are not generally considered at risk. How Does Flood Insurance Differ from... Read Article
Are You an Unsafe Driver?
Posted by November 15, 2018on
Driving on America's roadways today is a dangerous undertaking. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) reports that the U.S. saw 37,461 traffic fatalities in 2016, many of which were caused by driver error. Many people who consider themselves to be safe, dependable drivers actually have dangerous driving habits. Whether you've been driving for days or decades, avoiding the following common driving behaviors can help... Read Article


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Publications: Ghosh, Malay
Journal Article
Ghosh, M.K., Poinern, G.E.J., Issa, T.B. and Singh, P. (2012) Arsenic adsorption on goethite nanoparticles produced through hydrazine sulfate assisted synthesis method. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 29 (1). pp. 95-102.
Poinern, G.E.J., Ghosh, M.K., Ng, Y-J, Issa, T.B., Anand, S. and Singh, P. (2011) Defluoridation behavior of nanostructured hydroxyapatite synthesized through an ultrasonic and microwave combined technique. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 185 (1). pp. 29-37.
Poinern, G.E.J., Parsonage, D., Issa, T.B., Ghosh, M.K., Paling, E. and Singh, P. (2010) Preparation, characterization and As(V) adsorption behaviour of CNT-ferrihydrite composites. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 2 (8). pp. 13-24.


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DUARTE >> Daniel Rossi heard what he thought were five cherry bombs at 11:25 p.m. Monday. He thought it was his 16-year-old son, Cristopher, who was setting them off. Then the neighbors screamed.
He ran out of his apartment in the 2500 block of Huntington Drive and found his son lying facedown in the carport.
"All I saw was my son lying dead," Rossi said.
Minutes later, the sheriff's Temple Station received a call of gunshots at the complex. Deputies said residents heard the gunfire, went to investigate and discovered the teen lying at the rear of the apartment complex.
Cristopher Brian Rossi was pronounced dead at the scene. It was the third shooting in or near Duarte in the past three days. And the second fatality since Sunday.
So far, investigators say they don't know the motive.
Daniel Rossi said he heard one of the neighbors saw two people with hoodies.
Media reports that Rossi was affiliated with a gang couldn't be verified. Gang investigators referred reporters to Sheriff's Department spokessmen, who in turn referred to homicide investigators. A homicide detectives didn't return several phone calls.
A neighbor said Rossi had only been home recently and thought he was either in juvenile hall, a camp or rehab.
Daniel Rossi said his son came home six or seven days but didn't want to get into that issue.
On Monday night, Daniel Rossi's wife — Carmen Avila — gave him a ride to Denny's then later dropped him off at the apartment at about 10:30 p.m.
Avila said she saw her son outside. She asked him if he was OK. Avila then headed to Walmart.
While at the store, she said received a call from someone. Avila thinks it was probably the police.
"I don't see my son no more," she said.
Avila said her son did a lot of things for people and would help them. If he had money, she said he would give it to others.
"He was a good boy with a big heart and he didn't deserve this," Daniel Rossi said.
Sandra Drane, who lives in the complex, said she heard gunshots Monday night.
"I might have heard running," Drane said. "I hit the floor and I was very scared. I checked myself if I was hit. That's how loud it was."
"I believe it was someone he knew. The reason I say that is I would have heard arguing. All I heard were gunshots."
Drane, who is disabled, said the young man would lend a hand if she needed help bringing the groceries up to the apartment.
"He spoke to me in a nice respectful manner," she said.
According to Drane, Rossi would hang out at the complex and drew a lot of young people there. Many didn't like that, she added.
She didn't know if he had any gang affiliation.
"What are these kids doing with their lives? No color is worth dying for," Drane said. "Life is a gift."
On Tuesday, friends and family of Rossi set up a memorial near his apartment using candles, rosaries and his picture. His mother wept. One of those friends was Carlos Davila of Azusa.
He said he talked to Rossi around 9 p.m. Monday.
"He was hanging out right here. I told him to hang out with me and some girls. He said, 'Nah. I'm cool,'" Davila said.
Duarte City Councilman Sam Kang showed up at the complex on Tuesday and talked to Rossi's parents.
Kang said the council talked about the shooting Monday at City Hall with the captain of the Temple Station. They don't really know yet if the shootings are connected, he said.
The first shooting occurred early Sunday in the unincorporated county area near Monrovia and Duarte.
Malcolm Mency, 18, got off from work early at Sonic Drive-In in Duarte and was walking in the 2000 block of Broderick Avenue when someone shot him multiple times.
Mency was taken to Huntington Hospital in Pasadena where he later died.
Homicide detectives think his killer or killers may be gang members. The suspect or suspects remain at large.
Then at around 3 p.m. Sunday, a man was wounded in a drive-by shooting in the 2300 block of Bloomdale Street in Duarte. A dark-colored two-door vehicle drove up and one of occupants started shooting, The man was shot in the lower back.
Two black men were seen inside the car.
Sgt. R. Hasnas of the Operation Safe Streets Unit at the sheriff's Temple Station said no arrests have been made in that case.
OSS, which is the department's gang unit, isn't "officially, actively investigating" the fatal shooting of Rossi, according to Hasnas. The case is being investigated by the sheriff's homicide bureau, he added.
Hasnas said they don't have information to corroborate a gang warfare has broken out in the area.
"(The shootings) could be coincidental. Could be a robbery," he said.
Whether the three shootings are related is really hard to say at this point, he added.
Anyone with information is asked to call the Sheriff's Homicide Bureau at 323-890-5500. Anonymous tipsters can call Crime Stoppers at 1-800-222-8477, or text "TIPLA" plus the tip to 274637, or use http://lacrimestoppers.org.


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Power Electronics and Electric Machines
NREL's power electronics and electric machines research focuses on systems for electric-drive vehicles (EDVs) that control the flow of electricity between the battery, the motor, and other powertrain components.
NREL scientists and engineers work closely with vehicle manufacturers, suppliers, and other research organizations to develop technologies that overcome the most challenging technical barriers to EDV commercialization. EDVs rely heavily on power electronics to distribute the proper amount and type of power into and out of the appropriate subsystem at the appropriate time. Examples of power electronics components include inverters, converters, and chargers. Power electronics also determine the exact nature and timing of the current and voltage waveforms to the motor.
Decreased system costs and improved component and system performance, reliability, and efficiency are key to making electric-drive vehicles practical for consumers. NREL's work in this area has established the lab as the go-to resource for information from cutting-edge thermal management research, making wide-scale adoption of EDVs more feasible.
In collaboration with research and industry partners, NREL is developing novel thermal management technologies to improve performance, cost, and reliability for power electronics and electric machines. NREL researchers investigate four primary areas:
Electric motor thermal management — NREL electric motor thermal management research supports broad industry demand for data, analysis methods, and experimental techniques to improve and better understand thermal management of electric motors.
Power electronics thermal management — Wide-bandgap devices offer materials for diodes and transistors that can be operated at elevated temperatures. NREL research is defining thermal requirements at the module and system levels to develop thermal management strategies for wide-bandgap-based and high-temperature power electronics systems.
Thermal performance benchmarking — NREL's thermal performance benchmarking characterizes the performance of commercially available, state-of-the-art power electronics and electric motor thermal management systems. Results are shared with industry to help guide future product research and development.
Power electronics packaging reliability — High-temperature bonded interface materials enable new technology for lightweight, low-cost, reliable power electronics packaging that fully utilizes the capabilities of wide-bandgap devices. NREL researchers are characterizing the thermal performance and reliability of emerging packaging materials and processes from a variety of manufacturers, and creating a reliability database from the results.
NREL's power electronics and electric machines thermal management facilities feature a wide range of equipment as well as staff expertise. Research findings are available to the public in numerous publications.
Organizations that are interested in partnering with NREL may get more information on working with us. NREL's power electronics and electric machines research supports the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Vehicle Technologies Office, Advanced Manufacturing Office, and the U.S. DRIVE Electrical & Electronics Tech Team, and is funded by DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
Browse our power electronics and electric machines publications.


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Instead of cooking at home Thursday night, Mrs. Bitters and I went out for dinner. We chose Brooklyn's Marlow & Sons, a gourmet market with a gastropub-type place in back. Marlow usually has an inventive cocktail menu, and last night was no exception. Among the drinks on the menu was Ramp Vodka–a blend of ramp-infused vodka and walnut oil. I have to say we didn't try it, but it was certainly intriguing.
I ordered an Old Fashioned that I didn't much care for–actually pink from the muddled cherries, topped off with way too much seltzer, and served in a tall glass instead of an Old Fashioned glass. I don't understand why a simple drink like the Old Fashioned is such a minefield.
The next round was better. Jen ordered a drink called Italian is English (only the most devoted restaurant geeks will get this reference, I'm sure)–Junipero gin, Punt e Mes, lime, and seltzer. I got the Gigolo–Mount Gay rum, coconut water, and lime. Both were well-balanced and properly mixed.
After we left Marlow, we started walking to the bus plaza, a few blocks away, commenting that we wished we could get a bottle of wine to drink at home. We have some bad package stores in our neighborhood, so simply grabbing a bottle of good wine on the way home is much harder than it sounds.
As we passed another favorite restaurant, Dressler, bartender Jim saw us through the open window and waved. We waved back, walked a bit farther, and decided to go back. Jim's a great bartender, and as any cocktail geek knows, a great barkeep is fun to watch. He greeted us, told us about his trip upstate to Gary Regan's Cocktails in the Country, and picked back up on conversation about bitters that we had started two or three months ago, the last time Jen and I were there.
Another gentleman came in and approached the bar. Jim interrupted our conversation to turn to the man and say, "Stella, as usual?" The man nodded and Jim drew him a pint, while easing back into our conversation. A man and woman approached the bar. Jim said to the man, "I've got a new port I'd like you to try. I don't think you've had this one." They discussed the port and compared it to Dressler's other offerings. That man's got a good memory.
As for our drinks at Dressler… the bartenders there have continued a great and longstanding tradition–naming drinks for movie stars. Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, Jean Harlow, Ginger Rogers, and now Gena Rowlands. Jen loved this drink, a mix of gin, orange-blossom water, honey, and lemon.
I tried something new that Jim and his colleagues have been playing with. Unnamed as yet, it's a Negroni variation made from gin, Aperol, and Fernet Branca, with a mint leaf rubbed around the rim of the glass. Very tasty.
Tasty food, refreshing drinks, and great conversation–it was a wonderful evening.


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Behind The Scenes: Juvenile & The Kolyons - I Am Paid [User Submitted]
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Dwane Casey has surprising Raptors on a roll
When Masai Ujiri left the Denver Nuggets to take over basketball operations for the Toronto Raptors, many saw coach Dwane Casey's departure at the end of the season as a done deal.
Then Casey took a team that appeared to be rebuilding and steered it up the Eastern Conference ladder. He's helped the Raptors navigate a major midseason trade while presiding over DeMar DeRozan's development from a one-dimensional offensive threat into a multifaceted centerpiece. Casey is also establishing the defensive mindset he's been looking for since he took the reins in 2011.
With the Raptors (35-26) in third place in the East and improving as the playoffs approach, Casey isn't just making a strong case for a contract extension. He's getting mentioned as a candidate for coach of the year. Casey just shakes his head at the possibilities.
"I promise you, I'm not worried about (my) job. I'm not worried about coach of the year. None of those individual honors," Casey said. "It's about the team. I preach that and I really mean that. I've been in this too long to get caught up in that. Next contract, I've never worried about a next job. That's the least of my worries."
Casey has harped on his players to become more defensive minded, but he's also empowered them. The result is a team that is nine games over .500 for the first time since 2006-07.
"He's a great coach," veteran Chuck Hayes said. "He wants our feedback. He commands the locker room, he commands the bench, he commands the huddle. But sometimes he asks for our feedback on what's comfortable for us and how we can get the job done."
Here are five other things to watch in the league this week:
NOAH'S MVP PUSH: LeBron James and Kevin Durant might have some company in the MVP race. With each gutty, savvy, tremendously well-rounded performance, Chicago's Joakim Noah is shouldering his way into the conversation. Noah's latest gem came against James' Heat on Sunday, when he had 20 points, 12 rebounds, seven assists and five blocks in the Bulls' victory.
GREEN LIGHT: Gerald Green looked like a lost puppy while playing for seven teams in his first seven seasons. In his first year in Phoenix, he's averaging a career-high 15.6 points per game, including 41 in a win over Oklahoma City on Thursday.
SPURS ON TOP: The Spurs beat the Magic on Sunday for their sixth straight victory, which put them at 46-16 for the season. That's right, the best record in the NBA. And they've done it just as they always have, quietly. No one looks more ready for the playoffs right now.
ROCKETS AT HEAT: Houston has been on fire, winning 14 of 16 games to surge to third in the Western Conference. With James Harden peaking offensively and Dwight Howard and Patrick Beverley setting the tone on defense, the Rockets will roll into Miami on Sunday for a showdown with the champs.
TRAIL BLAZERS AT GRIZZLIES: Two contrasting styles meet when the run-and-shoot Blazers enter the Grindhouse on Tuesday. Memphis has overcome a poor start to push back into the crowded playoff picture in the West, so every home game is important.
STAT LINE OF THE WEEK: LeBron James, Miami Heat: 61 points, 22-33 FG, 8-10 3-pointers, seven rebounds, five assists vs. Charlotte. King James put up a career high for points against one of the best defensive teams in the league, putting everyone on notice that the MVP race isn't over yet.
Follow Jon Krawczynski on Twitter: http://twitter.com/APKrawczynski


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Fitness Connection - Bissonnet7098 Bissonnet St., Houston, TX 77074Club Hours
Monday-Thursday 5 AM-12 AM
Friday- 5 AM-10 PM
Saturday-Sunday 8 AM-8 PM
Holiday Hours:*
Easter: Regular Hours
Memorial Day: Regular Hours
4th of July: Regular Hours
Labor Day: Regular Hours
Thanksgiving: Club Closes 2 PM
Thanksgiving-Friday: Club Opens 5 AM
Christmas Eve: Club Closes 4 PM
Christmas Day: Closed
Day After Christmas: Club Opens 8 AM
New Year's Eve: Club Closes 5 PM
New Year's Day: Club Opens 8 AM
*Check Group X Schedule for Classes
** Check Kid's Club Tab for Holiday Hours
try fitness connection free for 5 days
Try us with no strings attached. Whether it be a workout or group class, we have you covered!
FitFlix Theatre
Group Exercise
Kid's Club
Locker Rooms
Turf Training Area
Women's Only
Premium Amenities
BODYPUMP™ is for anyone looking to get lean, toned, and fit – fast. Using light to moderate weights with lots of repetition, BODYPUMP gives you a total body workout. It will burn up to 590 calories*. Instructors will coach you through the scientifically proven moves and techniques pumping out encouragement, motivation, and great music – helping you achieve much more than on your own! You'll leave the class feeling challenged, motivated, and ready to come back for more.
A group cycling class that will exhilarate and challenge your cardiovascular system, geared towards all fitness levels. Each unique class is sure to strengthen your legs, burn calories, AND build endurance!
Develop new skills while discovering strength and attitude. Jab, cross, hook, and kick your way into a fit physique! Class suitable for all fitness levels.
A matt class that focuses on strengthening the muscles of the "powerhouse" - abs, back, glutes, and thighs - based on the teaching of Joseph Pilates. Through the series of movements over time, Pilates paves the road to optimal strength, flexibility, and posture to create a longer, leaner you.
SilverSneakers is a fun, energizing program that helps older adults to take greater control of their health by encouraging physical activity and offering social event.
Includes a combination of step aerobics and strength training using weights and/or your own body resistance. A great total body workout!
Finding a sliver of tranquility and stillness in your everyday life is just one of the small blissful benefits created with a steady yoga practice. This class is suited for all levels of members who enjoy a challenge of physical practice of flowing yoga poses that will sculpt, tone, and refine the body and mind. Each yoga class is unique to the individual style of the trained instructor.
Dance, laugh, and burn those calories! This vibrant, energy-filled, calorie-burning phenomenon brings the nightclub to you by fusing hypnotic Latin rhythms with easy to follow dance moves that will have you moving and grooving to a sexier shape!
Kid's ClubBissonnet
(713) 771-4000Fitness Connection's Kid's Club is a safe & fun "babysitting" center located inside all of our facilities. This service is provided to you, our members and guests, allowing you to feel comfortable that your child(ren) is/are being taken care of while you work out. Our Kid's Club facility is not a licensed day-care facility, therefore you must remain inside the facility while your child (ren) is/are signed into the Kid's Club. Our policies are solely designed for the safety of your child(ren) and we ask for you cooperation with all of our rules/regulations.
Kid's Club Hours:Monday - Thursday: 8 AM- 1PM & 4 PM-9PM
Friday: 8 AM-1 PM & 4 PM-7 PM
Saturday: 8 AM - 1 PM
Sunday: Closed
Holiday Hours:
Easter: Closed
Memorial Day: Morning only
4th of July: Morning only
Labor Day: Morning only
Thanksgiving Eve: Morning only
Thanksgiving Day: Closed
Thanksgiving-Friday: Normal hours
Christmas Eve: Morning only
Christmas Day: Closed
Day After Christmas: Normal hours
New Year's Eve: Morning only
New Year's Day: Closed
Healthy Choices Start Here!
Meet The Staff
Aldo S.General Manager(713) 771-4000
Contact Fitness Connection - Bissonnet
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Fitness Connection – Bissonnet is next to the Dollar Tree at the corner of Bissonnet Street and Fondren Road. Our all new state-of-the-art gym in Bissonnet features everything you need to achieve the results you are looking for in a health club. Our Bissonnet facility group exercise classes, turf training area, as well as a Kid's Club to allow to get your workout in, even with a little one in tow. We offer a wide array of group exercise classes that will satisfy your every fitness need. Dance the night away with Zumba, work up a sweat with FitCycle, or find tranquility with Yoga. Fitness Connection – Bissonnet has something for everyone to sculpt, trim, or build your way to a healthier you.
Join online, call the club or stop by today. One of our friendly associates will be waiting to assist you along your fitness path. Welcome to Fitness Connection – Bissonnet!


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"The Simpsons" may be going strong in its 25th season, but a major character from the long-running animated series will soon meet his or her maker.
In a conference call with reporters last week, executive producer Al Jean revealed plans to kill off a character in the season ahead.
"We're actually working on a script where a character will pass away," Jean said. "I'll give a clue that the actor playing the character won an Emmy for playing that character, but I won't say who it is."
FALL TV 2013: Watch the trailers
"Simpsons" fanatics will know that this hint doesn't exactly narrow things down: Nearly every member of the core ensemble of voice-over performers has won an Emmy, including Dan Castellaneta (Homer, Barney, Krusty), Julie Kavner (Marge, Patty, Selma), Hank Azaria (Apu, practically everyone else on the show), Nancy Cartwright (Bart) and Yeardley Smith (Lisa).
Even a few guest stars have picked up Emmys for "Simpsons" appearances, including Anne Hathaway for voicing Princess Penelope and Kelsey Grammer for Sideshow Bob.
In other words, pretty much anyone could go. Death has come to Springfield in the past, most recently with the untimely passing of Maude Flanders, wife of the Simpsons' preternaturally cheerful next-door neighbor Ned, who bit the dust after falling off a grandstand at the racetrack.
PHOTOS: Hollywood Backlot moments
The 25th season of "The Simpsons" premiered Sunday night with a "Homeland" spoof guest starring Kristen Wiig. In the press call, Jean also teased some other highlights in the season ahead, including a "Futurama" crossover episode set to air sometime in May and a wedding, officiated by Stan Lee, for Comic Book Guy.
'Homeland' secures premiere ratings record with Season 3 opener
Guillermo Del Toro directs 'Simpsons' Halloween couch gag
Jimmy Fallon, the Roots and Muppets perform 'Sesame Street' theme
Twitter: @MeredithBlake
PHOTOS: TV shows and their spinoffs
Overrated/Underrated 2014
PHOTOS: 101 best-written TV shows of all time


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This is an actual postcard snail-mailed to residents of Conway, SC, by The Rock Church, inviting people to their Easter services.
Nice, huh? Now imagine you're a parent with a kid, and this turns up in the mail, and either your kid sees it, or you immediately think "Holy shit! My kid could see this…" Well, you don't have to imagine it, because that's what happened.
Now as you all know, I'm not bashful about sick, politically incorrect, potty-mouthed humor. But I like to think I have enough basic common sense to gauge my audience. I try to understand the fine line between what's really funny, that people will get, and what's just trolling. But what happened here is that The Rock Church basically trolled its own congregation and its entire community. Smooth.
Kevin Childs, the pastor, has offered an apology. And he assures us he's really sorry, and that he's not making one of those "'if you're offended, I'm sorry you're offended' non-apologies that don't impress me either." But while I'm sure he thinks he's being sincere, his apology actually turns out to be more offensive than if he'd offered one of those Limbaugh-style not-pologies after all. And here's why.
The problem isn't so much the card, it's the grotesque prejudice behind it.
Apparently, Childs is surprised and disappointed at the criticisms he's getting, not from his congregation (whom he dismisses, strangely, as "fussy over-churched little Pharisees" — seriously, this guy's on douche overload), but from atheists.
…if MUCH of the criticism is coming from the very people my own heart longs to reach, THAT stops me in my tracks. I could pretend otherwise. I could stick my jaw out, think up some zinger come-backs, and pretend I'm "earnestly contending for the faith."
Listen, if fussy over-churched little Pharisees slam us, I honestly could not care less. If their unbelieving neighbors say that we've pushed them FURTHER from faith, that will keep me up at night. If our attempt at edgy irreverent outreach cast our church and Christianity in a bad light, blame me. Just me. And I apologize.
Wait, what?
So, Kevin, what you're saying is that you really intended your card as an outreach to atheists? Because somewhere in that cracked clay pot you call a brain pan, you got the idea that we're such disgraceful, immature, heartless and morally bankrupt people that we would look at an image making a joke of animal cruelty and totally go "LOL! Dude, I used to think religion was bullshit. But this church looks like the fucking bomb! Look at that little bunny's guts! LMAO! I gotta go to this church now. Maybe if I get lucky the pastor will sodomize a couple of kids and put a kitten in a microwave!"
I mean, really?
Look, dude. You want to reach out to us? Fine. Here's a protip. We like things like arguments, and evidence, and discussion, and rational discourse. We're not a bunch of overgrown frat boys lighting farts and doing our best to extend our arrested adolescence into our fifties. (Can you actually light a fart, by the way?) That would be you, if this is any indication. To get us into your church, you first need to convince us your God exists at all. And the way to do that is by engaging that dusty little thing you've had on the shelf for years called a mind. Really, man, you could not have faceplanted into a steaming pile of fail more gracelessly if you were Pauly Shore starring in a Uwe Boll movie.
And no, I'm not judging your whole church by your own idiocy, because those fussy little Pharisees have called you on all this, too. If anyone reading this is from Conway, and you know this guy, or anyone from his church, please, tell them to tell him to give his head a shake.


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In the short time since the advent of the social Web, the Internet has evolved into a platform for innumerable virtual communities of every stripe to gather and collaborate, so it is hardly surprising that along with sites for DIY hobbyists and recipe swaps, a growing number of online forums have emerged that give voice to radicals and extremists, in some cases serving as recruiting tools for terrorist groups.
On Tuesday, the Bipartisan Policy Center (BPC), a Washington think tank, released a report on the mounting dangers of online radicalization, urging the government to formalize a strategy for countering the threat, while at the same time steering clear of any policies that would amount to censorship or the stifling of expression on the Web.
[ Related: Cybersecurity Stalls in Senate, Obama Could Issue Executive Order ]
The report is the latest installment from the BPC's Homeland Security Project, co-chaired by former New Jersey Gov. Thomas Kean and Lee Hamilton, a former representative from Indiana. Kean and Hamilton served as the chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the commission convened to examine the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001.
Internet Most Dangerous Innovation for Terrorists
[ Related: Feds Warn of Cyber Threats, Seek Expanded Authority for DHS ]
The report evaluates the challenge of curbing online radicalization from the perspective of supply and demand. It concludes that efforts to shut down websites that could serve as incubators for would-be terrorists--going after the supply--will ultimately be self-defeating, and that "filtering of Internet content is impractical in a free and open society."
"Approaches aimed at restricting freedom of speech and removing content from the Internet are not only the least desirable strategies, they are also the least effective," writes Peter Neumann, founding director of the International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation at King's College London and the author of the report.
Instead, policymakers should focus their attention on the demand side of the radicalization issue, Neumann argues, with the government spearheading outreach initiatives that would bring together schools, community groups and businesses to advance awareness and media literacy and offer a competing narrative to that presented by sites that traffic in radical propaganda.
"If there are bad ideas out there, there should be more good ideas to counter them," Neumann said on Tuesday.
Last year, the White House issued a counter-radicalization strategy and an associated implementation plan, acknowledging the key role the Internet has come to play in galvanizing violent extremists and promising to deliver a separate and detailed plan for specifically addressing the online threat. That plan has yet to appear, and in the short term, the BPC's report's "first and most important recommendation is for the White House to complete its work on the strategy, make it public, and begin its implementation with alacrity."
A Well-Informed Public Is the Best Defense
The original White House plan carries a similar emphasis on communities to the new BPC report, articulating a "significant," but limited, role for the federal government "as a facilitator, convener and source of information."
"The best defenses against violent extremist ideologies are well-informed and equipped families, local communities and local institutions," the White House plan reads.
[ Related: Cybersecurity Stalls in Senate, Obama Could Issue Executive Order ]
The BPC report underscores the wide ideological spectrum of radical communities that can be found online, running the gamut from supporters of al Qaeda to white supremacists and neo-Nazis, environmental extremists and animal liberationists, among many others.
With its emphasis on defusing the impact of radicalizing sites through countering messages, such as frank accounts of civilian deaths from terrorist attacks or testimonials from reformed extremists, the BPC report articulates a faith in the power of the "marketplace of ideas, in which truth prevails as long as good and bad ideas are allowed to compete."
At the same time, Neumann acknowledges the limitations of such an approach, or "market failures" in the online world, where "the cranks, extremists and conspiracy theorists now seem to be everywhere," and many people have crowded into "ever-smaller ghettos for ideas and discourses, which, in turn, have reduced the number of spaces in which extremist and/or controversial ideas are openly contested."
The report calls attention to a number of ways the government can involve itself, such as the series of online safety workshops the U.S. National Counterterrorism Center has developed in concert with Muslim community groups and other government agencies to incorporate sessions geared for parents about online radicalization along with issues like protecting kids from child predators and pornography.
Other efforts have seen the State Department develop programs overseas to organize moderate groups and amplify their voices online, as well counter-messaging initiatives that take specific aim at extremist sites through targeted blogs, Facebook groups, tweets or other platforms.
Neumann allows that these demand-side programs take time and that, even if they were deemed a categorical success, online radicalization would persist. What's more, he points out that the information that extremists post about their activities and organizations online has proven extremely useful to law enforcement officials seeking to disrupt attacks.
But those efforts are impeded by an ambiguous and outdated set of laws and policies governing how domestic agencies can monitor and analyze online communications, a problem made all the more acute by the cross-border issues inherent with the Internet, Neumann says, arguing that an effective anti-radicalization strategy must include an overhaul of the legal framework for the Internet age.
"All the existing rules for counter-terrorism, counter-radicalization distinguish between domestic and foreign," he says. "There are things you can do abroad that you cannot do at home. But the Internet, of course, does not respect that distinction. The Internet is genuinely transnational. So a website may be registered in one country, the content may be hosted in a second country, the producer of the website may be based in a third, and the user and consumer may be based in a fourth country. What are the rules that should apply--domestic or foreign? It's not always clear."
Kenneth Corbin is a Washington, D.C.-based writer who covers government and regulatory issues for CIO.com.
Follow everything from CIO.com on Twitter @CIOonline, on Facebook, and on Google +.
Read more about government in CIO's Government Drilldown.


text:
A complete SUP instructional video for beginning to advanced paddlers.
Dan Gavere, Nikki Gregg, Chris EmerickWatch Trailer
|In just a few years, stand up paddling has become the fastest growing water-sport in the world. This is because the sport can be enjoyed by anyone, virtually anywhere in the world. Whether you are looking for a tranquil cruise on the lake, surfing the waves or paddling for fitness, SUP is a fun and easy way to get out on the water and experience a great workout.
Whether you're a beginner trying to stand up on a board and take your first strokes or an experienced paddler looking to improve your skills, The Ultimate Guide To Stand Up Paddling is for you. Follow legendary paddler Dan Gavere as he guides you through this easy to follow, step by step video that will help you become a more confident and efficient paddler. Filmed in HD on the beautiful waters of Hawaii and Oregon by award winning cinematographer Chris Emerick, this video aims to be the best stand up paddling "how to video" ever released.
-Introduce the necessary equipment
-Standing on the board for the first time
-The essential strokes
-Bracing and feathering
-Basics of whitewater paddling
-Tips on surfing a wave
-Introduction to racing
-Using the board for fitness
-And much more...
|Stand Up Paddle Surfing, Learn How to Surf, Surf Fitness
|Dan Gavere, Nikki Gregg, Chris Emerick
|Chris Emerick
|Dan Gavere
|Liquid Lifestyle Productions
|not rated
|Running Time
|51 minutes
|Audio Language
|English | Stereo
|Download Resolution
|SD | 853x480 (739.80 MB)
|Streaming Resolution
|HD | 960x540
|Additional Features
|Chapter Markers
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