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No, it's a flat one piece pan - NOT the one that actually makes a "stand up" cake that looks like a cupcake, rather... one that will lay flat on a 13x9 cakeboard. Thanks for all the suggestions. I really appreciate it. I'll let ya know how it turns out!
I picked up a box of the cinnamon ones just the other day - both the Cinnamon AND Chocolate had barley malt in them. I put them right back on the shelf.
Siblings With Celiac?
jayhawkmom replied to celiacmom2b's topic in Parents' CornerI feel for you. I'm in a somewhat similar situation. My three children and I are gluten free, but my husband isn't. However, until the beginning of this year, my older son was still eating gluten. He has been tested every year since my daughter's diagnosis and last year his came back equivocal - this year they came back positive. He's 11, for what it's worth. He was tested the first time at 8, and every year after that. I honestly have no idea how much gluten to have your kids eat, but I can understand how scary it would be after they've been gluten-free. I think I read (here) once that it has to be at least equivalent to a couple slices of bread, daily. I wish you all the best!
Terrific Experience On Royal Caribbean!
jayhawkmom posted a topic in Traveling with Celiac DiseaseI just wanted to sing the praises of Royal Caribbean, Rhapsody of the Seas. My husband and I took an Alaskan cruise last month, and we had an absolutely fantastic time. In the Windjammer cafe there was always gluten free poundcake.... something I'd never had before, and LOVED! Our waitstaff, in the main dining room, was excellent. Every night they had my own gluten-free bread waiting for me at the table, and they went over each menu with me in great detail. Dining in the ports proved challenging, but we were always able to get back on the ship for snacks and meals if necessary. I admit I was totally nervous about being so far from home with limited options, but we really had a great time and I had no cross contamination issues at all. For breakfast, I had pancakes & french toast. Yummy. =) I would highly recommend RC if any of you are considering a cruise!!!
My daughter just turned 8 last week and is having her bday party this coming Sunday. Originally I had planned to make a regular cake in a shaped pan, for her guests, and then a bunch of her favorite cupcakes. However, she informed me that she wants the BIG cake to be gluten free. The problem I have is that most cakes I've made, thus far, have been from Cherrybrook kitchens mixes - and they would never hold up to a cake mold. I'm using the giant cupcake pan (the flat one, not the 3d one) so I can decorate it for a Pinkalicous party. My daughter, while not a vegan herself, is allergic to eggs and dairy - so a vegan gluten-free cake is the only way for us to go. Are there any tried and true recipes that could hold up in a molded form?? I so want this to be super special for my little dolly, as it's her very first "friend birthday." Her first real party... ya know?? Thank you, ever so much, for any help or advice you could offer!
To me, it doesn't look like you are reacting to gluten. Your numbers are all in the negative category and you aren't IgA deficient. That doesn't mean you aren't intolerant, it just means you aren't producing antibodies to gliadin. Yes, you can be intolerant without having Celiac. I asked the same question about the antibodies a couple years ago. Someone explained it to me really well. But, the end result is that almost no one has "0" antibodies to gliadin. But, the only thing that really matters is whether or not your numbers are out of range. 3 is not out of range, so - it's a negative result. Wow... I'm sure someone can and will explain that much better than me!
Vegan Baking Help - Please! =)
jayhawkmom replied to jayhawkmom's topic in Gluten-Free Recipes & Cooking TipsBy all means, let me know! I'm going to try baking them at a higher temperature to encourage quicker "setting up" - and I'll see how that works. If that helps, I'll let YOU know! =)
Vegan Baking Help - Please! =)
jayhawkmom posted a topic in Gluten-Free Recipes & Cooking TipsSo, I tried making a vegan sugar cookie for my kiddos this evening. and they didn't turn out quite like they should. Here's my question/problem. I used Arrowhead Mills gluten-free flour blend, and that blend has baking powder in it. The recipe called for baking powder... so I added it. Do you think that could be why my cookies didn't turn out?? Basically, they spread out really far, to more than twice their size....and were really really thin. They didn't hold up. The recipe was NOT a gluten free recipe.... but I did add teaspoon of Xanthan gum, thinking it would be necessary. I just don't know. Can anyone help??? I'd surely appreciate it.
Really Sad... Testing Update
jayhawkmom posted a topic in Parents' CornerMy 3 year old has been tested, every year, for Celiac since it runs in our family. His pediatrician is wonderful and is keeping a good eye on him. The test results came back, and again... they are negative as can be for Celiac. However, RAST allergy testing shows that he's allergic to WBRO. Unreal. He's also allergic to peanuts, eggs, dairy, and soy.... we already knew that. His numbers are rising, however, instead of the opposite. It turns out he's also allergic to corn and tomatoes. He's had eczema trouble for a while now, and even with use of RX steriod lotions and creams.. it doesn't go away. That's probably because he was eating wheat/corn... etc. I'm so devastated. I really really hate food allergies.
Kids At School Envied My Son's Lunch!
jayhawkmom replied to CeliacMom2008's topic in Parents' CornerThat's awesome! My daughter often takes gluten-free pasta, fresh fruit, and veggie chips... with the occassional gluten-free cookie treat. She tells me that kids always want her lunch... LOL!!!! I find it totally amusing. =) I think our little Celiac kiddos eat much better lunches, in school, than their "healthy" classmates. (OK, not intending to mean that our kids aren't healthy... but you kwim!)
If you chop it up really small.... would they even know it was there?? =) I didn't peel mine first...and I left it in rather large chunks, so it was easy to see. However, if you peeled it... and chopped it, they'd never know. I have a pic of it on my "foodie blog" - I took it when it came right out of the oven. Have a peek! goodnessandgoodies.blogspot.com
Mine too, I just love it. Of course, I was accused of "overdoing it" with this recipe, but hey.... it was called for, imo! =)
Yummy Risotto Pie
jayhawkmom posted a topic in Gluten-Free Recipes & Cooking TipsI made this pie this evening... and it was SOOOO good that I had to share. For the record, I'm vegetarian... but for the time being, still consume eggs and dairy. This gluten free vegetarian dish contains both, so it's lacto-ovo. My husband even liked it.... so, I consider it a HUGE success!! =) I got the recipe from The Gluten Free Vegetarian Kitchen by Donna Klein. Zucchini Risotto with Rosemary and Marinara * 1 1/2 cups arboria rice * 2 tblns extra-virgin olive oil * 2 large onions, finely chopped * 3 medium zucchini, chopped * 3 tablespoons fresh rosemary (or 1 tablespoon dried) * 2 large cloves garlic, finely chopped * salt and fresh ground black pepper, to taste * 3 eggs, lightly beaten * 3/4 cup freshly shredded parmesan cheese * 1/4 cup skim milk (I used rice milk, because I don't drink cows milk....) * 3 cups gluten free marinara sauce * Fresh Rosemary sprigs (optional) Preheat oven to 350F. Lightly grease 10-inch quiche dish or pie plate. In a large stockpot filled with boiling salted water, boil rice for 8 minutes and drain well. In a large non-stick skillet, heat oil over medium heat. Add onions and cook - stirring until softened. Add zucchini, 2 tablespoons of the rosemary, garlic, salt, and pepper; cook, stirring for 5 minutes. Remove from heat and let cool. Add rice, eggs, 1/2 cup of the cheese, and milk to the skillet; mix well to thoroughly combine. Transfer to pie plate. Bake, uncovered, for about 35 minutes, or until set and beginning to brown. Sprinkle with remaining cheese and bake for 5 minutes, or until cheese is melted. Meanwhile, in a medium saucepan, bring the marinara sauce and remaining rosemary to a simmer over medium heat, stirring occasionally. Cover, remove from heat, and let stand for 10 minutes to allow flavors to blend. To serve, cut the pie into 6 equal pieces. Ladle equal portions of marinara onto each of 6 serving plates and top with a piece of pie. Serve at once, garnished with fresh rosemary sprigs, if desired. (6 main-dish size servings, or 8 side-dish servings) *Lacto-0vo.
Anaphalactyc Shock? Epi Pen?
jayhawkmom replied to strawberrygm's topic in Parents' CornerWe carry epi pens for both my daughter and younger son. However, it's not due to Celiac at all. My daughter IS one of the minority who is Celiac AND allergic to wheat. But, the wheat allergy isn't anaphylactic. She is, however, anaphylactic to peanuts... which is why we have the pens. psawyer is right... celiacs don't need epi pens, unless they have food allergies or insect/environmental allergies that warrant it.
Veg & Gluten Free
jayhawkmom replied to cookiequeen's topic in Weight Issues & Celiac DiseaseThank you! Yes... I forgot that all important word!!! Iceburg lettuce would count as a leafy green, but surely not a healthy one!! Sorry about that! =)


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Minister of Education Chiang Wei-ling (蔣偉寧) said yesterday that he would continue to push for a limit to be placed on pensions for retired public school teachers who continue teaching at private schools, a proposal that was recently turned down by the Cabinet.
"We will deal with the issue in a proactive manner," Chiang said after visiting National Federation of Teachers Unions (NFTU) president Liu Chin-hsu (劉欽旭), who is on a hunger strike.
Chiang played down the proposal that was rejected by the Cabinet on April 25.
"It is not that [the Cabinet] denied the proposal. [The Cabinet] wanted to have an equitable principle for retired teachers, military personnel and civil servants. Therefore, there is still a need for further discussion of the issue," Chiang said.
Chiang had planned to include the proposal in a package of government reforms aimed at improving the nation's retirement insurance system for military personnel, civil servants and public school teachers, which operates on an increasingly unsustainable system of low contributions and a high replacement rate.
At a Cabinet meeting on April 25, the Cabinet finalized plans to reform the pension system, but excluded a stipulation that would have caused retired public school teachers who teach in private schools to receive only 40 percent of their monthly pension.
The ceiling was set at 40 percent because that would be equivalent to the amount contributed by the teachers themselves, if the pension reform, which is pending legislative approval, is adopted.
The government would contribute the remaining 60 percent.
The Cabinet's decision was opposed by the NFTU, a nationwide teachers' union of more than 80,000 teachers in 19 counties and cities, and Liu started a hunger strike on Friday at 10:30am to protest the measure.
"The hunger strike will continue until the government gives a positive response to our demands," NFTU executive secretary Kuo Shih-tsan (郭石燦) said.
Given that private schools are operated under a franchise arrangement and regularly receive grants from the government, positions in private schools are likely to be much more accessible to teachers affiliated with the public sector than regular citizens, NFTU vice president Wu Chung-tai (吳忠泰) said.
"It's not difficult to understand why the issue needs to be addressed. Retired public school teachers continue to be hired in private schools and so receive double payment — a monthly retirement payout and a salary from the private school," Wu said.
According to the NTFU, about 2,500 teachers or staff of private schools are retired government employees, of which, 1,500 come from public schools and 1,000 from defense-related agencies or other government agencies.
The legislature is aware of the problem and has adopted several resolutions since last year demanding that the Executive Yuan address the double payment issue, Wu said.
What the government should do is to push the Ministry of National Defense and the Ministry of Civil Service to follow Chiang's steps to present proposals applicable to retired military personnel and civil servants, rather than rejecting the proposal, he said.
If the problem could be adequately addressed, it would help people with doctor's degrees and higher education find more jobs in schools, Kuo said.
The unemployment level for people with a doctorate or post-graduate degree hit a record high of more than 4.5 percent this year.

subset: commoncrawl


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Get excited about reading again with fun and interesting tips from our experts, including The M.D., our dietitians, and our fitness expert. In our health library, you will find all of the information you need to achieve your goals of making a healthy lifestyle change. So, start reading and start losing!
You probably wouldn't be shocked to find that your metabolism changes during and after menopause. What you might find surprising is that the one size fits all diets that you've tried in the past may have actually increased your chances of gaining weight. Learn how to readjust your body's metabolism to accommodate the changes that menopause brings.
First, some definitions. Menopause is officially designated when a women has stopped having menstrual periods for one year or when blood tests show that there are very high levels of pituitary hormones called gonodatropins. Gonoadotropins are hormones that are released by the pituitary gland in the brain to signal the ovary to mature and release an egg each month. The hormone levels have a patterned rise and fall each month during a woman's reproductive years. Levels become very high once the ovary is no longer able to respond to these hormones and ovulation no longer occurs.
Perimenopause is the term given to the years that lead up to menopause. In these years, the ovary is starting to decline in function and an egg is no longer released consistently each month. Sometimes months go by without a normal ovulation. If hormone levels are checked in these years, the gonadotropins can be normal to mildly elevated. The associated symptoms can be hot flashes, night sweats, fatigue, mood changes and weight gain. Perimenopause may last for years.
The symptoms of hot flashes and night sweats can be explained by the erratic fluctuations in hormones that occur in these years. Physicians have been able to treat women who seek relief from these symptoms with hormone replacement therapy. Hormone replacement therapy has long been controversial and has been more so since the Women's Health Initiative trial published in 2002 showed that women who took the synthetic hormone prempro were more likely to experience heart attacks or strokes. Prior to this study, the thought had been that hormones protected a woman's heart because women experience more heart attacks and strokes after menopause but have a much lower incidence of these cardiovascular conditions compared to men in their premenopausal years. At this time, the recommendations are for women to use hormone replacement therapy if needed in the years of menopause if the physical symptoms are unbearable but try to use hormones for as short a time frame as possible. And it is no longer recommended that women take hormone replacement therapy to prevent heart disease, which was what many physicians had recommended prior to the WHI.
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Animators, or multimedia artists, create special effects, animation, or other visual images for television shows, movies, and commercials.
Animation created with computers are increasingly used in game design, 3-D movies and other special effects. The days when animators used carefully crafted hand-drawings for lengthy animated feature films may have passed, but the attention to detail and understanding of lifelike movement is still required no matter the medium used.
Animators often hold a degree in animation or visual communications. Few people learn animation "on the job", and a bachelor's degree in animation can give you experience with the latest tools and technologies -- imperative for the increasingly technical work of film animators.
As with many other artists, innate talent and creativity are necessary to succeed as an animator.


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Random Clip Of The Week: Wedding At A Church In The Middle East Turns Gangsta! (Poppin Off Shotguns & Hella Guns In The Air)
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I got this palm for about $10 in December 2010 from Home Depot. They seemed to be selling of lots of stuff cheap in winter, maybe because of the frost?
Either way, I got one and stuck it there, fortunatly its still alive and looking healthy as of April 2011.
Getting buried beneath Mexican Petunias and the bamboo.
Looking good. Its a bit dwarfed by all the Mexican Petunias and the threat of the bamboo but its still a significant size.
Still there plodding along. Definatly growing.
Still there plodding along. I think that its a slow grower, but its hard to judge the rate of groth from the photos.
Considering that I only got this 11 months ago I think its coming on really well, and actually increasing in height nicely.
The label, which I just cut off says Hyophorbe Lagenicaulis.
This is an odd plant really as I had sort of always wanted one as id seen them elsewhere, but when I brought it it was just because it was cheap and I had brought so much stuff around that time I have never really taken the time to consider this plant too much. Most plants I at least Google and such, mmm, maybe a quick Google now.
This palm is starting to grow on me. It survived the winter and has grown 2-3 prongs or branches. I think if you look at the photos they demonstrate growth. I often say 'A Watched Garden Never Grows' which is why I like leaving it for 1-4 months!!!! But the photos help to spot growth and this has definatly grown which when stuff around is dying is a bonus. It has interesting leaves as well, and photographs easily.


text: Find this wine Find this wine Tommasi Viticoltori Ripasso 2010 Valpolicella Ripasso Pin It Tweet 6 years ago by Bruna P. More posts Tommasi Viticoltori Ripasso Valpolicella 2008 2008 valpolicella, Had at Silver fork in Vt for 40 dollars. Very good, would buy again! 6 years ago by Daly Tommasi Viticoltori Valpolicella Ripasso 2010 Excellent... 6 years ago by Martyrobitaille


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Premature babies can face a number of health problems. One of the more common is called retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), where abnormal blood vessels grow in the retina. Babies who require any kind of treatment for ROP will need regular, long-term follow-up care. You can count on us to be with you every step of the way and to provide recommendations for any vision-related services your child may need.
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Dulacca is quiet rural town on the Warrego Highway, 43 kilometres west of Miles. First came the railway (in 1879) and then came the town; originally spelt 'Doolackah', the name was derived from an Aboriginal name meaning 'emu tracks'.
An interesting point to note about Dulacca is that it was the site of the first efforts to eradicate the invasive prickly pear cactus. The fight to eradicate the prickly pear was spurred on by the Government's reward of 40000 hectares of land to whoever could restore their land to its original state. It is estimated that the menacing plant covered more than 50 million acres of Queensland at its peak.
The town's hotel, known as the Waterhole on the Hill, dates back to 1908 and a brief history of the town is displayed at Lions Park. Join the locals for a yarn and learn a little more about the towns interesting beginnings and history.
Note: Information on listed products and services are provided by the operator and were correct at the time of publishing. Rates are indicative based on the minimum and maximum available prices of products and services. Please visit the operator's website for further information. All prices quoted are in Australian dollars (AUD).


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Israel News - Stay Informed, Pray Informed
The Obama Administration has taken to parroting Arab criticism of routine construction in Jewish neighborhood that lie on the eastern side of Jerusalem.
The US State Department on Tuesday expressed "deep concern" over the Israeli government's approval of plans to build 942 new apartment units in the Jerusalem neighborhood of Gilo.
"We're deeply concerned about the announcement of the approval for these units," said State Department spokesman Mark Toner. "We believe that through good-faith direct negotiations the parties should mutually agree on an outcome that realizes the aspirations of both parties."
Gilo is a neighborhood of tens of thousands of residents. Nearly every Israeli agrees that such neighborhoods will not be emptied of their Jewish residents and handed over to the Palestinians. The Palestinians insist that is precisely what must happen if a final status peace deal is to be signed.
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Treasure Talk blog posts on the CTX 3030
Sometimes it's just nice to be nice
January 25, 2018 11:35am
Sharon and I went to a local farm where we have detected on and off for a few years, to ask if we could take our Combat Stress Veterans out on the fields over the next few weeks. The farmer's wife answered the door.
The CTX 3030 Road Warrior
January 11, 2018 12:13pm
Over 2017, one of my favorite Minelab metal detectors, the CTX 3030 has really been put to the test. Breaking down the CTX 3030 recently for another long flight, I realized just how important using dependable metal detecting equipment is. Some of the places I have taken my CTX 3030 to in the past year have very difficult to search metal detecting terrain...
Every cloud has a silver lining – Discovering a Medieval Coin Hoard (Part 2)
October 05, 2017 10:13am
I left you last time with us having discovered a 700 year old medieval coin hoard and finding a total of 177 silver medieval pennies. The weather had put paid to any further recovery and we had a burning desire to know what else might still lie under the earth in our field of dreams. You will find below the second and concluding part of our tale – I hope you enjoy reading about it as much as we all did experiencing it…..
There's gold in them thar hills
August 10, 2017 01:10pm
Have you ever had one of those days that you feel as though something nice is never going to find itself under your coil, regardless of how long you search? Well it was on one of those days, which we all suffer from more than we would like to admit, that I was lucky enough to discover something wonderful.
Bad Weather Brings Good Results!
July 27, 2017 04:32pm
I love getting down to the beach on a warm summer's morning - calm seas, sunshine and the chance to pick up some recently dropped goodies. What really excites me though is seeing on the weather forecast that a storm is brewing and the winds will be coming from the right direction to cut the beach back!
Water hunting with Minelab
June 01, 2017 02:25pm
My metal detecting year is basically divided into two seasons: winter, when I detect old parks and town sites looking for old coins and relics; and summer, when it's time to hit the beach and water for jewellery and coins. I am fortunate that I live near the coast as well as having a large river system where people swim and partake in other water-based activities.
However, you don't have to live near the coast to go water hunting. You can go to large inland lakes, old town sites located on rivers where there would have been trade and commerce along the river bank, or even smaller rivers and streams with a local swimming hole. All are good places to search for lost jewellery, coins and relics.
Digging in the Rain
December 07, 2016 10:17am
Strangely, well for me anyway, I have heard many times from detectorists located in some parts of England that they hate the rain and most certainly won't choose to go digging in it. Some even say it puts them off detecting altogether when they are 'forced' to dig in wet weather.
Unfortunately, if most of us in Scotland actively chose not to go out digging in the rain, then it is safe to say that we would have a mere handful digging days per year. Besides, our main machine is the incredible, fully water (and Scottish weather) proof CTX 3030 with the CTX 17 inch coil – without question the greatest all round, all weather machine ever produced.
Discovery of the largest hoard of Roman lead slingshot in the world
September 28, 2016 10:01am
Imagine finding the largest lead slingshot hoard in the Roman Empire…well we did, and once again in Scotland! Roman sling shot are made of lead and weigh approximately 50g. They also have very distinctive shapes and are mostly shaped like lemons or acorns. This might not sound like a deadly weapon to our modern ears, but in fact, expert slingers could sling these so fast, the projectile had the same velocity and impact as a .44 Magnum- very deadly indeed.
Detecting an Old Army Camp
July 06, 2016 01:37pm
Recently, while visiting a friend's property the topic of conversation turned to metal detecting and he mentioned that within walking distance was the site of a World War II army camp. Needless to say I was pretty keen to get back there as soon as possible with my CTX 3030 to see what relics there were to be found.
Fortunately, I only had to wait a couple of weeks to return and see what I could find. When I arrived at my friend's property I had a quick search around his yard to show him how the CTX 3030 worked as well as the PRO-FIND 25. One of the first things I noticed was that the soil was quite mineralised which resulted in the pinipointer falsing when in contact with the soil...
CTX 3030 – Using Combined Audio (Revisited)
June 19, 2015 04:42pm
A common question that arises from time-to-time on many of the online forums is:
Will I get more "nulling" when using Combined audio?
Advantages of the Coiltek 10" x 5" CTX Coil
April 17, 2015 08:03pm
Are you spending too much time digging those deeply buried nails? Here are some ways you can fine-tune your techniques, when using the Coiltek 10"' x 5" elliptical coil for the CTX3030.
CTX 17 Worth Its Weight In Gold Part II
September 25, 2013 09:00am
My last blog was about the advantages of using the CTX 17 while hunting on beaches and I must say that I am still pulling out some great finds, including a few more rings and heaps of silver coins (florins, shillings, sixpences etc.) that have been there for a long time. Next I will cover parks & ovals to discuss the advantages of using the CTX 17 and the Volume Gain feature for both shallow and deep targets. My settings this time, although similar to what I use on the beach have a few small variations.
CTX 17 Worth It's Weight In Gold
September 06, 2013 11:25am
Since writing my last article about the advantages of understanding the CTX 3030 to get the best out of it, I have spent many hours using the CTX 17 coil to see if adjusting the volume gain would make much difference. To my surprise and delight I have had some awesome results going over ground at the beach, parks and ovals that I had previously hunted with the CTX 11 coil.
CTX 3030 Target Separation... more than a random choice
June 28, 2013 10:35am
The CTX 3030 incorporates four different Target Separation options... Low Trash, High Trash, Ferrous-Coin and Ground-Coin. Selecting the proper Target Separation option will allow you to optimize the signal processing of your CTX 3030, to best match your site.
Rally hunting with the CTX 3030... honesty paid off
June 19, 2013 11:10am
I was recently invited to participate in WWATS (World Wide Association of Treasure Seekers) Rally held in Antlers, Oklahoma. More info at www.wwats.org. I'm not a rally hunter, but welcomed the idea of meeting other hunters and having a chance to have some fun. So I packed up the CTX 3030 and headed out.
Minelab CTX 3030 – UK program - Part 2
May 13, 2013 12:30pm
In part one we built the mode (program) and now I would like to take a closer look at the settings and the thought behind them.
The first mode with the tadpole patterns is the main program, and the clear screen mode is the mode I switch to if I need to analyse iffy targets.
It doesn't matter how you mix and match these patterns between the two modes, and previously I mixed a tadpole and clear screen pattern on each mode. The problem with that is I couldn't see which mode I was in as they looked very similar. So now I keep the most recognisable elements together, which are the tadpole patterns.
Minelab CTX 3030 - UK program - Part 1
April 29, 2013 10:55am
The CTX 3030 is a great metal detector that can be used many different ways, and in this blog post I'm going to show you how I use it.
First I need to explain where and what I'm searching for. In the UK I search for ancient finds rather than the more recent finds like milled coins. My entire quarry dates older than 300 years, and I often search for finds over a thousand years old. So Search Modes (programs) used to find coins in parks just don't cut it for me.
Ups & Downs Of Volume Gain
April 05, 2013 03:07pm
These days we are bombarded with gadgets loaded with special features, the CTX 3030 is certainly that way inclined, but if we are too lazy to experiment and familiarize ourselves by using them, what is the point?
When the CTX 3030 came out I quickly spent a lot of time getting my head around what its capabilities were, all the time knowing full well that even if I understood these features it would take some time for them to sink in. I have found that if I know what it can do, then it opens up my mind allowing me to develop different techniques in various situations to improve my detecting.
Minelab CTX 3030 finds Viking coin
March 22, 2013 04:00pm
Last year I found a coin that has turned out to be the best coin I've ever found. I was searching a river in Buckinghamshire England; working an area I'd previously searched every summer for 10 years. Finds had become very sparse, but in May 2012 I returned with my new CTX 3030 and I immediately saw "the site come to life!"
I started to work the inside bend of a bank that had previously produced several large first century Roman coins to a Minelab Excalibur 800. The first target of note was a lovely tin coin of James II, which has a copper plug fig1. This was in remarkable condition, and the date (1685) can still be read on the outside edge of the coin. I was so pleased to find this coin, they are rarely found in this condition.
Finding small gold jewelry on the beach with the Minelab CTX 3030
March 15, 2013 03:46pm
I can boldly say the CTX 3030 is the most sensitive metal detector I have ever used for gold jewelry hunting on the beach and this awesome metal detector has changed my approach to finding smaller items of gold jewelry on the beach.
CTX 3030 Seawater setting
January 25, 2013 10:55am
The CTX 3030 Beach mode and Seawater setting is a really good combination of options for a shallow water hunter that likes to work the trough or first drop off in the water. This is the area in the water where sands are constantly shifting and waves roll up onto the beach, it is also the area that makes the CTX 3030 such an effective gold jewelry hunter.
CTX 3030 Raising the temperature
December 14, 2012 04:37pm
Well its mid December 2012 and the good old United Kingdom is on the receiving end of a real icy blast. Temperatures at night are dropping to -10-15 and for us here that's cold.
One Wednesday morning mid this icy blast I had a day off work, sadly none of my colleagues did. So I pondered what to do with this day on my own... and within a milli-second had decided to go detecting with the CTX 3030.
CTX 3030 - The prediction fulfiller
December 06, 2012 02:20pm
The other day I received a very kind invitation to detect upon some newly available land in Cambridgeshire from my good detecting buddy Jason. Arriving as always full of anticipation I was delighted to hear that a Roman site was adjacent to our search area. As I unpacked the CTX 3030 I scanned over the flat land surrounded by the ancient Gog Magog hills, it sure looked good.
The benefits of GPS Mapping
November 30, 2012 10:15am
There has been a lot of questions as to the benefits of the GPS Mapping feature of the CTX 3030 and to be honest I was unsure of its usability when it came to practical coin & relic hunting. I can remember sitting down and reading the manual while scrolling through the features of the GPS mapping, thinking to myself, where could I possibly use features like WayPoints, FindPoints, GeoTrails, GeoHunts and the list goes on, I was really struggling with the concept.
CTX 3030 - Auto vs. Manual Sensitivity
November 13, 2012 10:52am
Everyone knows how well FBS (and now FBS 2) technology works on the wet sand, and on saltwater beaches, but recently I have noticed a little bit of head scratching among CTX 3030 users in regards to Sensitivity options – Auto and Manual. Some operators swear by running in Auto Sensitivity on the beaches, only to be told by others that Minelab's advice is to NOT use Auto on salty beaches. Well to set the record straight, yes it's true that in general Minelab don't recommend the use of Auto Sensitivity on saltwater beaches and I'll get to the reason shortly, but before I go on I have to say, if you have tried it and you are happy with the way your CTX 3030 performs, then by all means continue to use Auto.
The CTX 3030 forces History to repeat itself
November 09, 2012 09:25am
We have been searching a large Roman site for the past 16 years now. When we first discovered it and gained permission hundreds of coins came off it as well as many artefacts. Of course such losses are finite and over the years finds declined in number.
Back in the old days of our group I was the very first to get a Minelab Explorer and almost immediately my finds rate as I learned the machine`s capabilities rapidly escalated. I was easily achieving 100+ coins a day whilst varied detector owning colleagues were struggling to get 25-35. This went on for a few months, but my joy and top position was short lived and soon ousted as all my colleagues went and got Minelab Explorers too.
CTX 3030 – The best treasure detector just got better!
October 31, 2012 03:11pm
Since its release, the CTX 3030 has quickly earned a reputation as being a true all-purpose treasure detector, but in an effort to enhance its performance further, Minelab's engineering and field test team have done a lot of work behind the scenes to make "the best even better!" Sorry, but I couldn't resist that, because as a CTX 3030 user I am quite excited about having some new features to play with! This is the first CTX 3030 software upgrade with some great new features, to give users better performance and more versatility. So what's new?
Shallow water hunting accessories
October 26, 2012 12:00pm
In this blog I will explain a few accessories that will compliment your CTX 3030 and make shallow water hunting much easier, starting with water hunting apparel.
I personally like to wear a wet suit when shallow water hunting for safety and comfort. Wet suits come in different styles from 'shorties' that just cover the torso with short sleeves and legs, to full suits covering the whole body. The thickness of the wet suit required will depend on the temperature of the water that you intend to search.
CTX 3030 Threshold blanking
October 25, 2012 10:50am
One of the best things about FBS and FBS 2 detectors is their superior discrimination. Not only can you discriminate targets on their conductivity, you can also discriminate by their ferrous content simultaneously.
One of the things I've recently been reading on a few forums, are comments stating the new CTX 3030 has "still got the nulling problems of the E-TRAC". I agree the ability to null, or blank the audio as Minelab refer to it, is still in the new detector… however, this is a feature not a problem.
Right place, wrong time. No, right place anytime!
September 26, 2012 10:40am
No doubt we can all think of a situation where we have been in the right place, but at the wrong time, or even perhaps wrong place at the wrong time. Several days ago I got a call from a farmer to say one of his fields was ready for us. In my sheer enthusiasm and in thanking him I forgot to ask just what "ready" actually meant.
Arriving there we found it wasn't quite "ready" as we would have liked. The field in question which is a huge Romano British settlement site was covered in stiff yard broom like stubble.
An educational day out with the CTX 3030 and its cousins
August 31, 2012 10:45am
Having a day off work simply meant a trip would be planned to detect somewhere. The question was where exactly? With harvest in full swing ploughed fields or even rolled ones are a scarce commodity as the farmers struggle to get the crop in before the next rain storm. For readers not living in Britain we have just had our wettest "Summer" since records began and that was I believe in the 18th Century. Anyway we found a suitable field, it was a field we knew well.
Searching rivers and streams - Part 3
August 21, 2012 04:15pm
With the CTX 3030 on the market, river detecting has never been more accessible here in the UK. In this third blog I'll run through my setup, settings and extra tips for using this great metal detector.
CTX 3030 or Excalibur II – Which is best for me?
August 07, 2012 10:42am
"Should I sell my Excalibur II and buy a CTX 3030?" A friend had just called me and was asking me this question. For me the answer is easy....I keep my Excalibur and add the CTX 3030 to take advantage of its added features and benefits. I have a strong affinity for the Excalibur. I know the detector very well and when I turn it on it is like wearing an old pair of comfortable shoes and I know I am very good with it. But back to the conversation... I answered, "it depends what you want out of the detector?" I then asked "What were the three most important things for him to get out of the detector?" His answers were... 1.Waterproof, 2.Durable 3.Critically important to discriminate out selected coins.
Minelab PRO-FIND 25
July 30, 2012 10:00am
Being asked to have a play with the PRO-FIND 25 pinpoint probe lacked excitement for me based on past experiences with similar devices due to a number of factors. Firstly a lack of sensitivity to small nuggets especially in mineralised soils and secondly my GPX 5000 would pick up my previous pinpointer from a long way away even when the thing was turned off!
Basic CTX 3030 shallow water hunting tips
July 19, 2012 04:00pm
Here are a few basic tips to help you get the best out of your CTX 3030 when treasure hunting in the shallow water. Before venturing into the shallow water to metal detect, I suggest that you first learn how to use your CTX 3030 on the beach and become comfortable using the CTX 3030 in the basic preset beach mode.
Searching rivers and streams - Part 2
July 13, 2012 01:35pm
So you've got all the equipment, and permission to search a section of river… So where do you start?
Like all aspects of metal detecting, research is the key for consistent success. I spend hours viewing old maps of river courses, trying to discover old crossings or long forgotten historical features.
Beach hunting with the CTX 3030 - Part 3
July 06, 2012 11:00am
A beach and shallow water hunter sometimes has to pick their battles to win the war on beaches with a high amount of trash. When metal detecting time is limited or when searching on a really trash laden beach I have found that discrimination is one of the keys to beach hunting success. Fortunately for beach hunters when you need to use discrimination, the CTX 3030 has discrimination down to a science.
CTX 3030 – Snapshot feature
July 03, 2012 09:16am
The new CTX 3030 has a fantastic feature inbuilt that's not described in the Instruction Manual. It's the 'Snapshot' feature.
No, the CTX 3030 doesn't have a camera... well it has... sort of? It's the next best thing to a camera!
So what is 'snapshot' and how does it work?
Searching rivers and streams - Part 1
June 27, 2012 09:26am
So all the crops are knee high and you have nowhere to detect except pastureland, or seaside beach. Have you ever considered that local stream?
June and July are the hardest months in the UK for metal detecting. The little land that is available tends to be pasture, which is either rock-hard or too long in grass (growing for silage or hay making).
CTX 3030 Baptism of brilliance with FindPoint - Part 2
June 20, 2012 04:00pm
In part 1 of this blog post I explained how I discovered remains of a Roman lead tank, now I'll explain how I cleaned it and will be using XChange 2 to dig deeper into this mystery.
When I returned home I began cleaning the items hoping that my example might also be highly decorated. Unfortunately this was not the case; the only decoration on one of my panels is of a spear shaped leaf. This is in moulded format and appears to be composed of beading. Ironically if it is a willow tree leaf then that would be appropriate as these trees also grow in damp areas.
CTX 3030 Baptism of brilliance with FindPoint - Part 1
June 19, 2012 01:50pm
For me no more important example of just how superb this FindPoint facility is can be given by a recent series of finds that I made. Whilst searching a Roman site that had been much deeper ploughed this year I found a sheet of lead about 8 inches long and 9mm thick, that had been folded. This find was virtually on the surface and obviously gave a really prominent signal. Just a piece of lead? I didn't think so; previously I had located a few pieces here before but nothing as big as this.
Old Ground Becomes New
June 08, 2012 11:30am
It is exciting when you find a place that is so good that you just can't wait to go back there, but it is equally as sad when that place starts to run out of targets. This was the case with a place I have named "The Bottomless Pit" for just that reason
CTX 3030 Multiple hunt modes at your fingertips
June 07, 2012 11:18am
Have you ever wished you could pull up a new set of hunt parameters, without having to go through the entire menu process? The CTX 3030 offers you that ability and more, with two features; Previous Mode and the ability to cycle through two Discrimination Patterns.
So is FBS 2 any better than the original FBS?
June 01, 2012 02:00pm
Well what a question to ask eh? The CTX 3030 has only been released in the last few days, unfair to ask it? I think not. However perhaps it is a little premature until we get all the reports from field tests and other users. I'm no techno-expert, but briefly FBS 2 utilises multiple frequency transmission and coil-to-detector data communication to locate targets in a wide variety of soil conditions. However, I would like to make a submission of my own relating to the efficiency of the new FBS 2. Of course at this stage this information relates purely to my own personal experience and no-one else's... or does it?
CTX 3030 Combined Tone ID Profile – A UK detectorist's perspective
May 31, 2012 04:30pm
One of the new Tone ID profiles is called Combined. This is something I was asking for during a minelabowners.com forum discussion; "E-TRAC 2 what do we want?"; I wrote, "Add a new sound process based on ferrous combined with conduct, which gives different ferrous tones to different metal targets (like the explorer does to a lesser degree.)"- 15th April 2010.
The CTX 3030 attitude
May 31, 2012 12:30am
Each detector has its own personality. As I continue to learn about the CTX 3030 I am aware that the detector imparts a certain attitude to the treasure hunter. As I detected a few North East Florida Beaches during Tropical Storm Beryl. The CTX 3030 performed seamlessly despite the challenging weather. From wind to rain to getting hit by a few high waves the CTX 3030 has a "can do... go anywhere" attitude. When a hurricane or storm hits the coast I like to hit between three to five beaches, so I can better focus in on a high potential erosion event.
CTX 3030 audio options
May 30, 2012 05:27pm
Different types of detecting call for different ways to hear targets, so the CTX 3030 has just about every imaginable option to hear your next great find.
For general detecting, or a bit of family fun, the internal speaker in the control panel is a great option...
Beach hunting with the CTX 3030 - Part 2
May 29, 2012 02:28pm
The detect screen on the CTX 3030 is a mine of information for a beach treasure hunter, everything you need to know while you are using the CTX 3030 on the beach is right there in front of you on the detect screen.
Continuing beach hunting in the factory preset beach mode you have at least three different ways of evaluating all targets that you find on the beach using the CTX 3030 metal detector. The first target evaluation is always made on first hearing the signal, by audio target tone thru the headphones, speaker or wireless audio module.
CTX 3030 Target Trace / Pinpoint Trace - Smartfind 2 - visually identifying multiple targets
May 28, 2012 11:42am
Those familiar with FBS technology are certainly aware of the information provided on the Smartfind screen. But in my opinion, the FBS2 technology supporting the CTX 3030 takes that to a whole new level. Smartfind 2 not only allows the user to see multiple targets under the coil simultaneously, the functionality known as "Target Trace" signifies the signal strength of each target with color coding. Both "Target Trace" and "Target Trace Pinpoint" can be activated by "long pressing" (3 seconds) the Detect button. You then simply scroll down and check the box to activate each mode.
CTX 3030 and the CTX 06 Smart Coil
May 25, 2012 05:12pm
My detecting has been taken to a whole new level by combining the 6-inch CTX 06 Smart Coil with the Minelab CTX 3030, a very lethal combination that I have aptly nicknamed "The Separator".
It took some time to get used to swinging a 6-inch coil as you don't cover much ground, a bit like painting a wall with an artist's brush while concentrating very intently for the slightest signals. It is amazingly lethal due to the CTX 06 coil's capability to move in between targets separating the ferrous from the non-ferrous with surgeon like precision
CTX 3030 Integrated GPS and Mapping
May 24, 2012 10:37am
You can now see why I haven't been posting for a while. The team creating the CTX 3030 have put in a big effort to pull together all the features and technologies that make up this detector.
With the exception of my fridge, there is almost nothing that can't be enhanced by adding GPS. The CTX 3030 has an integrated GPS that can...
Combined Tone ID Profile on the CTX 3030 – The best of both worlds
May 23, 2012 04:13pm
In my previous Treasure Talk blog post, I discussed new CTX 3030 functionality that allows the user to map the parameters of ferrous or conductive audio tones. The Combined Tone ID Profile allows the user to hear a combination of both ferrous and conductive tones. And, with the additional functionality provided by the CTX 3030, we can set the parameters for each.
CTX 3030 go detecting anywhere!
May 22, 2012 12:50pm
In our latest CTX 3030 video, Nenad Lonic explains the waterproof features of the CTX 3030 and provides some tips about how to prepare the detector for use in water.
This video should answer a lot of questions and discussions on the forums about the CTX 3030 and its waterproof features.
CTX 3030 solves a 1500 year old Saxon puzzle!
May 22, 2012 12:00pm
Sometime in the last 1500 years a beautifully decorated and richly gilded Saxon artefact was sadly broken in half. Most likely through intense agricultural activity the two pieces were then scattered further apart over the passing centuries. Or, who knows, perhaps originally a Saxon noble threw away the broken artefact in anger after he snapped it, or did a mighty warrior and his horse crash to earth, smashing off the ornately decorated artefact un-noticed amidst the violent actions of a long forgotten and unrecorded battle?
CTX 3030 audio magic
May 21, 2012 02:37pm
In terms of audio options alone, the CTX 3030 is simply the most advanced treasure machine in existence. Minelab's engineers have placed a great deal of thought in coming up with different configurations for different hunting situations. There are many different configurations for listening to signals. I will discuss them here and talk about how they can be applied in the field.
CTX 3030 GPS and mapping
May 18, 2012 03:55pm
One of the main features on the CTX 3030 is its GPS and mapping features. I must admit that while testing this detector, at first, I just didn't get it!
But as I continued learning this machine, I had one of those "Eureka" moments.
It was while searching a large field in Buckinghamshire England, I dug a funny looking green coin. After a bit of spit and polish, I could see silver from the high points shining through. It was a second century Roman silver denarius. This was the second pure silver coin I had found in this field, covered with verdigris.
Beach hunting with the CTX 3030 - Part 1
May 17, 2012 04:50pm
I was really excited when I heard the news that Minelab had made a new waterproof metal detector and even more excited that I would have the chance to test the new machine. As a long time hardcore beach and shallow water hunter adding a new Minelab machine to my beach treasure hunting arsenal was certainly welcome.
After assembling the new CTX 3030 metal detector the first thing that impressed me was the design and balance of the new machine.
CTX 3030 Tone ID Profiles – Modifying target response parameters for your hunt
May 16, 2012 03:06pm
CTX 3030 Discrimination Advantages
May 16, 2012 09:37am
We are pleased to bring you the new CTX 3030 metal detector. We have been working on this for quite a while now and it is great to finally be able to talk about it. The detector has a heap of great features, some of which haven't been seen in a metal detector before. From Engineering, we think that you can do great things with this detector. In this post, I'll introduce some of the discrimination features that you haven't seen.
First day out with the CTX 3030
May 15, 2012 11:05am
Well I recently obtained the new Minelab CTX 3030 metal detector and, as always with a new detector, I was initially operating in Factory Preset mode. I like to do this as it's always the best platform from which to make later modifications to suit both the operator and even the site being searched. However, for this first day I was going to stay in this mode for some time.
Getting started with the CTX 3030
May 14, 2012 08:45pm
Well it's no secret that the new CTX 3030 is packed with new features, which required significant input from Minelab's talented team of engineers, designers and field testers during the development phase. Minelab's team of mechanical engineers were also kept particularly busy. They had the task of building a detector that is robust, waterproof, ergonomic, and at the same time easy to assemble.
CTX 3030 First impressions
May 11, 2012 10:01am
Welcome to my first blog post on the CTX 3030 metal detector. I'm so excited to share with you the features and abilities of this new metal detector. In the coming weeks I will explore in detail this detector's potential. So let's briefly review its key features.
The Future of Discovery…
May 11, 2012 10:01am
Beginning as a concept of "want lists", the CTX 3030 has evolved into a metal detector that will change the manner in which we engage this hobby. With a dedication to thinking "outside the box", Minelab has taken those ideas and implemented them into a new multi-faceted detector known as the CTX 3030.
CTX 3030 The separator
May 11, 2012 10:00am
Wow! That was my response when I first set eyes on the CTX 3030 metal detector, it was so unique looking and I didn't know whether I should detect with it or pick it up and launch a missile out of it. Either way it looked impressive and it was apparent that there is something pretty special about what was in front of me, it looked powerful.
CTX 3030 Full details released!
May 11, 2012 09:59am
Discussion of the new CTX 3030 metal detector has been lighting up detecting forums across the world. Many questions have been asked and much has been speculated. Today Minelab is releasing full product details on the CTX 3030!


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Kids' Nite at McKennan Park
Sioux Falls Parks and Recreation will be hosting free summer family fun at Kids' Nite in the Park on Tuesday, June 25, 2013. This family oriented outdoor carnival that will take place from 6 to 8 p.m. at McKennan Park, located at East 26th Street and South Second Avenue.
There will be carnival games and inflatables for all to enjoy scattered throughout the park. At 7 p.m., Storyland Children's Theatre presents Commedia Pinocchio. Concessions will be available at the park. Kids' Nite in the Park is a weather-dependent event.
For more information regarding Sioux Falls Parks and Recreation programs, refer to the Activities Guide, visit siouxfalls.org/parks, or call 605-367-8222. To receive updates on Parks and Recreation activities, subscribe to our newsletter at my.siouxfalls.org or follow us at facebook.com/siouxfallsparks or twitter.com/siouxfallsparks.
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Mrs. Bitters and I had dinner last night at Hearth, in the East Village, and as we normally do, we started with cocktails. I got the Jim Hogg, named after an old-time Texas governor. Delicious, well-balanced drink. I don't have proportions, but the ingredients are pecan-infused rye, sweet vermouth, and maple syrup. The spicy rye carries the drink, but the herbal notes from the vermouth marry well with the pecan. With sweet vermouth, you don't need much added sweetener, and the bartender rightly keeps a light hand–the maple is present, but more as flavoring than as sweetener.
I don't know where the pecan-infused rye came from, but I should note a couple of similar drinks that have graced local bars. A Holy Roller was on the menu for a time at Pegu Club–with pecan-infused bourbon and Demerara simple syrup, it appears to be the same drink that's on the Death & Co. menu as the Buffalo Soldier. I might be wrong, but the mention of "Brian" in the eG post makes me think that both drinks are Brian Miller's.
Because I enjoy the simplicity of an Old Fashioned, I love the idea of a drink that's just whiskey and Demerara syrup. Pecan-infused whiskey might be worth playing with at home.


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Submitted by rc-admin on
The Seventh International Byron festival at Hucknall, Nottingham (where Byron is buried), will run from Friday, July 2 to Sunday July 11, 2004.
From Hucknall Today we get the following summary:
Festival coordinator John Wilkinson said it was the most ambitious so far with 35 attractions ranging from dancing to dinners, film to flowers and talks to tours, as well as a six-hour open-air rock concert will be held on Hucknall Market Place. Writer Bill Studdiford and actor Ian Frost, will present the world premiere of a play entitled "Extraordinary Friends Byron and Shelley," putting on two performances. At the annual Byron dinner, the guest speaker will be Edward Enfield, father of comedian Harry Enfield, with a talk on "Byron And The Elgin Marbles." Scholar and former Labour Party leader, Michael Foot, is scheduled to attend a final-day event.
For the detailed schedule of events see this site.


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The race for the Republican party's nomination to oppose U.S. President Barack Obama in the 2012 presidential election has been shaken up with one governor entering the race and one former governor dropping out.
Texas governor Rick Perry announced his candidacy on Saturday, the same day the midwestern state of Iowa held what is called a "straw poll," seen as an early indication of voters' preference.
That test vote was narrowly won by Congresswoman Michele Bachman of Minnesota, with Texas Congressman Ron Paul coming in second. But the former governor of Minnesota, Tim Pawlenty, finished a distant third and on Sunday he announced he is dropping out of the race.
Bachman, a favorite of conservative Tea Party activists, is considered a top contender for the Republican nomination. She is campaigning on a platform of lower taxes and a smaller federal government. But Perry is seen as a formidable challenger. And although he was not on the ballot in Iowa, he earned more write-in votes (718) than former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, who up to now has been considered the front-runner.
Perry is the longest -serving governor in the nation and the longest-serving in U.S. history. He became governor in 2000, taking over the post vacated by George W. Bush when he became president.
Iowa's straw vote was held five months before the Iowa caucuses, the first serious vote in the long presidential campaign season.


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One of the most delightful, clever and helpful books about marriage I've ever seen.- Elizabeth Gilbert, author of Eat, Pray, Love and CommittedThe book is grounded in solid research, makes economics entertaining, and might just save a marriage or two.- Bloomberg NewsA convincing and creative case for how the dismal science can help reconcile marital disputes.- Washington PostThe more you think about it, the more it makes perfect sense.- Sunday TimesPractical, compelling, and often hilarious...The minute I finished the book, I started to experiment on my husband.- Gretchen Rubin, author of The Happiness Project
Results From Our SurveyWhat we heard from the more than 1,100 people who took our Exhaustive, Groundbreaking and Very Expensive Marriage Survey:
- 49% use praise to get what they want
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Category Archives: scarcity
Allocation of Scarce Resources: The Closet Dilemma
My husband and I recently bought a house and are renovating it with the help of our cousin/friend/architect Talia Braude. I've learned that a good architect is also a good marriage counselor. Every decision, from the doors to the lighting fixture, … Continue reading
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|This document is available in two formats: this web page (for browsing content) and PDF (comparable to original document formatting). To view the PDF you will need Acrobat Reader, which may be downloaded from the Adobe site. For an official signed copy, please contact the Antitrust Documents Group.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Antitrust Procedures and Penalties Act, 15 U.S.C. § 16(b)-(h) ("Tunney Act"), the United States hereby responds to the public comments received regarding the proposed Final Judgment in this case. After careful consideration of these comments, the United States continues to believe that the proposed Final Judgment will provide an effective and appropriate remedy for the antitrust violation alleged in the Complaint. The United States will move the Court for entry of the proposed Final Judgment after the public comments and this Response have been published in the Federal Register, pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 16(d).
On March 26, 2003, the United States filed the Complaint in this matter alleging that the proposed acquisition of Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation ("HBC") by Univision Communications Inc. ("Univision") would violate Section 7 of the Clayton Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C. § 18.
Simultaneously with the filing of the Complaint, the United States filed a proposed Final Judgment and a Stipulation signed by the United States and the defendants consenting to the entry of the proposed Final Judgment after compliance with the requirements of the Tunney Act. Pursuant to those requirements, the United States filed a Competitive Impact Statement ("CIS") in this Court on May 7, 2003; published the proposed Final Judgment and CIS in the Federal Register on May 21, 2003; and published a summary of the terms of the proposed Final Judgment and CIS, together with directions for the submission of written comments relating to the proposed Final Judgment, in the Washington Post for seven days on May 23, 2003, through May 29, 2003. The 60-day period for public comments, during which two comments were received as described below, expired on July 23, 2003.(1)
I. Background
As explained more fully in the Complaint and CIS, this transaction raised competitive concerns relating to the sale of advertising time on Spanish-language radio stations in several geographic markets. HBC is the nation's largest Spanish-language radio broadcaster. Univision, the largest Spanish-language media company in the United States, owns a significant equity interest, and possesses governance rights, in Entravision Communications Corporation ("Entravision"), another Spanish-language media company that is HBC's principal competitor in Spanish-language radio in many markets. The Complaint alleges that, due to Univision's substantial equity interest and governance rights in Entravision, Univision's proposed acquisition of HBC would substantially lessen competition in the provision of Spanish-language radio advertising time to a significant number of advertisers in several geographic markets in the United States.
The proposed Final Judgment, if entered, would require Univision to reduce its equity interest in Entravision to 15 percent of the outstanding shares within three years from the filing of the proposed decree and to 10 percent within six years of such filing. The proposed decree would also require Univision to convert all of its Entravision equity into a nonvoting class of stock; to relinquish its right to place directors on Entravision's Board of Directors; to eliminate certain of Univision's rights to veto important Entravision actions; and to refrain from certain conduct that would interfere with the governance of Entravision's radio business.
Entry of the proposed Final Judgment would terminate this action, except that the Court would retain jurisdiction to construe, modify, or enforce the provisions of the proposed Final Judgment and to punish violations thereof.
II. Legal Standard Governing the Court's Public Interest Determination
Upon the publication of the public comments and this Response, the United States will have fully complied with the Tunney Act and will move the Court for entry of the proposed Final Judgment as being "in the public interest." 15 U.S.C. § 16(e). The Court, in making its public interest determination, should apply a deferential standard and should withhold its approval only under limited conditions. Specifically, the Court should review the proposed Final Judgment in light of the violations charged in the complaint and "withhold approval only if any of the terms appear ambiguous, if the enforcement mechanism is inadequate, if third parties will be positively injured, or if the decree otherwise makes 'a mockery of judicial power.'" Mass. School of Law v. United States, 118 F.3d 776, 783 (D.C. Cir. 1997) (quoting United States v. Microsoft Corp., 56 F.3d 1448, 1462 (D.C. Cir. 1995)).
It is not proper during a Tunney Act review "to reach beyond the complaint to evaluate claims that the government did not make and to inquire as to why they were not made." Microsoft, 56 F.3d at 1459; see also United States v. Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., 272 F. Supp. 2d 1, 6-7 (D.D.C. 2003) (rejecting argument that court should consider effects in markets other than those raised in the complaint); United States v. Pearson PLC, 55 F. Supp. 2d 43, 45 (D.D.C. 1999) (noting that a court should not "base its public interest determination on antitrust concerns in markets other than those alleged in the government's complaint"). Because "[t]he court's authority to review the decree depends entirely on the government's exercising its prosecutorial discretion by bringing a case in the first place,"(2) it follows that "the court is only authorized to review the decree itself," and not to "effectively redraft the complaint" to inquire into other matters the United States might have but did not pursue. Microsoft, 56 F.3d at 1459-60; see also United States v. Western Elec. Co., 993 F.2d 1572, 1577 (D.C. Cir. 1993) (noting that a Tunney Act proceeding does not permit "de novo determination of facts and issues" because "[t]he balancing of competing social and political interests affected by a proposed antitrust decree must be left, in the first instance, to the discretion of the Attorney General" (citations omitted)).
Moreover, the United States is entitled to "due respect" concerning its "prediction as to the effect of proposed remedies, its perception of the market structure, and its view of the nature of the case." Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., 272 F. Supp. 2d at 6 (citing Microsoft, 56 F.3d at 1461).
III. Summary of Public Comments
The United States received comments from two entities, the American Antitrust Institute ("AAI," comment attached as Exhibit 1) and Spanish Broadcasting System, Inc. ("SBS," comment attached as Exhibit 2).
AAI takes the position that the United States' CIS fails to address and evaluate "the consequences of this merger in conventional terms in an overall market consisting of Spanish-language media, examining such traditional criteria as advertising effects [and] the consumer interest in diversity of sources of political and cultural information." AAI cmt. at 1. AAI also states that the United States' CIS fails to explain why the proposed Final Judgment does not require the elimination of all rights Univision currently possesses in Entravision and the divestiture of all stock Univision holds in Entravision. AAI cmt. at 1 n.2. These points are similar to SBS's comments on these issues and are addressed below. Additionally, AAI argues that the Division should have considered indicia of harm to non-price competition, such as quality and innovation.
SBS, a Spanish-language radio company that competes in many markets with HBC and Entravision, states that the United States should have alleged harm in its Complaint based on purported effects of the transaction on a "Spanish-language broadcasting market." SBS cmt. at 1-2. SBS further claims that the transaction will increase Univision's incentives (1) to refuse to deal with or discriminate against Spanish-language radio competitors who seek to advertise through Univision and (2) to force advertisers who wish to advertise through both radio and television to purchase time from both Univision and HBC. Id. at 3. In addition, SBS argues that the United States' remedy fails to solve the competitive concerns in the Spanish-language radio markets raised in the Complaint because, according to SBS, Univision will be able to exercise undue influence over Entravision. Id. at 1, 4-6.
IV. The United States' Response to Specific Comments
Because both comments raise the general issue of whether the effects of the merger should be analyzed in light of an "overall" Spanish-language media market, the United States will first respond to that issue. It will then respond to the specific points AAI and SBS raised concerning whether the remedy addresses the competitive harm raised in the Complaint.
The Complaint alleges that the relevant market consists of the provision of advertising time on Spanish-language radio stations to the significant number of advertisers that consider Spanish-language radio advertising to be a particularly effective advertising medium. See Complaint ¶¶ 12-15. SBS, however, takes the position that the Complaint should have raised additional allegations of harm based on purported effects in a combined Spanish-language radio and television market. SBS cmt. at 1-2.
The Complaint's market definition does not extend to the issues raised by SBS, nor should it. The market definition analysis in the Complaint properly begins by examining how advertisers individually negotiate transactions with radio broadcasters such as Entravision and HBC. The resulting price for advertising time reflects the circumstances of these individual negotiations and the preferences of each advertiser. The Complaint's market definition reflects these individualized negotiations by looking at the options available to individual advertisers. The Complaint alleges that a significant number of advertisers exist who do not have reasonable alternatives to advertising on Spanish-language radio; in other words, these advertisers cannot effectively switch to other media in the face of a small but significant increase in the price of advertising time on Spanish-language radio. This set of advertisers forms the relevant market alleged in the Complaint.
SBS does not appear to take issue with the theoretical framework underlying the Complaint's market definition. Rather, it alleges that there is another market to consider; namely, a purported market consisting of a set of advertisers that are dependent on Spanish-language television and radio. The Complaint, however, makes no such factual allegation. The proposed market differs significantly from the one alleged in the Complaint and would require markedly different supporting facts to be justified. Moreover, market definition is but one step toward the ultimate goal of determining competitive effects. The Complaint alleges that the transaction would likely cause anticompetitive effects with regard to Spanish-language radio (Complaint ¶¶ 24-27); it makes no such allegations regarding a combined television and radio market. So, SBS asks not only that the Court redraft the Complaint to include an additional market but also that the Court impose a competitive effects analysis based on that new market to find cognizable harm.
As discussed above, the United States is entitled to deference as to the case it brings, and, as Microsoft makes clear, it is not proper during a Tunney Act review "to reach beyond the complaint to evaluate claims that the government did not make and to inquire as to why they were not made." Microsoft, 56 F.3d at 1459. The Tunney Act does not authorize the Court to consider allegations not raised in the Complaint based on concerns raised by a member of the public. Accordingly, SBS's suggestion that the Complaint is defective for failing to allege harm in a combined Spanish-language television and radio market should be rejected as a matter of law.
AAI takes the position that the United States has not satisfied its requirements under the Tunney Act because the CIS fails to identify the competitive effects of the transaction in an "overall" Spanish-language media market and fails to justify the United States' decision not to challenge the transaction based on those purported effects. This position is not valid. Not only is the Court's review limited to the case actually brought by the United States, there is no requirement that the United States disclose its decision-making as to cases it chooses not to initiate. Rather, the Tunney Act provides that the United States must inform the public about the case it did initiate and explain how the proposed decree serves to resolve the competitive effects alleged in the Complaint.
The purpose of a CIS is to provide the public with "basic data about the decree" to allow for informed comment. See generally United States v. Microsoft Corp., 215 F. Supp. 2d 1, 14-15 (D.D.C. 2002) (describing legislative history relating to CIS) (quoting 119 Cong. Rec. at 3452 (1973) (statement of Senator Tunney)). To that end, the Tunney Act provides that the CIS shall "recite" the following:
15 U.S.C. § 16(b). The United States' CIS has satisfied all of these requirements. More specifically, the CIS explains the nature and purpose of the proceeding (at 1-3), describes the events that gave rise to the alleged violation of the antitrust law (at 3-9), explains the proposed Final Judgment (at 9-15), explains the remedies available to potential private litigants (at 15), explains the procedures available for modifying the proposed Final Judgment (at 15-16), and describes and evaluates alternatives to the proposed Final Judgment (at 16-17). There is simply no requirement that the Government identify purported effects it did not allege in the Complaint or explain why it did not make certain allegations in the Complaint. Accordingly, AAI's challenge to the sufficiency of the CIS fails.
Although the United States has no legal obligation to address matters not raised in the Complaint, we note that the United States conducted an extensive inquiry into the issue of whether the combination of Univision's Spanish-language television stations with HBC's Spanish-language radio stations in geographic regions where both are located was likely to cause significant anticompetitive effects. The inquiry included numerous interviews of a wide range of advertisers and review of over a million pages of documents provided by the defendants and other entities. In the end, the evidence did not support the claims proffered by the comments.
The United States has traditionally treated radio and television as separate antitrust markets. Past investigations involving general-market (English-language) media mergers revealed that few advertisers consider the two media to be close substitutes; rather, most advertisers viewed the two media as separate or complementary products given the qualitative differences between the two media.(3) In examining whether this "separate market" conclusion applied in this transaction, the United States recognized that Univision has a strong presence in Spanish-language television and that, in certain geographic markets, there are a limited number of other Spanish-language television stations with ratings that would be attractive to advertisers trying to reach Spanish-language viewers. Nevertheless, the evidence garnered in this investigation showed the same qualitative differences between television and radio that exist for general-market advertisers also exist for Spanish-language advertisers. In the end, the investigation did not produce sufficient evidence to support the proposition that a significant number of advertisers considered Spanish-language television and Spanish-language radio to be sufficiently interchangeable to support the "combined" market proposed by the comments.(4)
AAI also argues that the United States should examine indicia of harm other than price, such as quality and innovation. AAI cmt. at 4-5. The United States, in fact, considered such indicia during this investigation. In this case, the market is comprised of the competitive alternatives for certain advertisers seeking to purchase commercial time on Spanish-language radio stations. Market participants compete on the basis of both price and service (or "quality" or "innovation"). See, e.g., Complaint ¶ 14 (relevant product market defined in terms of options available to certain advertisers facing "a small but significant increase in the price of advertising time on Spanish-language radio, or a reduction in the value of services provided") (emphasis added). As the Complaint and CIS state, Entravision and HBC heavily promote their stations against each other in an effort to gain high ratings; they program and format their stations in an effort to attract listeners away from each other; they aggressively seek to acquire stations; and they closely monitor each other's competitive positions. Complaint ¶ 19; CIS at 6. As explained in the CIS, the goal of the proposed Final Judgment is to protect such vigorous price and nonprice competition between Entravision and HBC by foreclosing the ability of a combined Univision/HBC to improperly influence Entravision's strategic decision making with regard to its radio business. See CIS at 9-11. Contrary to AAI's assumption, the United States considered the many ways in which advertisers benefit from competition not just price competition in crafting its remedy.
AAI also asserts that the United States should take into account under its antitrust analysis "consumer interest in diversity of sources of political and cultural information" within a combined Spanish-language television and radio market. AAI cmt. at 1, 3-4. It is not the role of the United States to use the antitrust laws to regulate actual content or to establish quotas for the types of programming that media stations must broadcast. Accordingly, we do not seek to ensure in the context of a merger review that media companies provide a balance of political views or a proper mix of cultural issues as part of their programming. The United States does seek to ensure that content is determined in a competitive marketplace, however. The relevant product identified in the Complaint is the provision of advertising time on Spanish-language radio stations; the customer is an advertiser purchasing that time. In order to supply this product, media stations compete to gain audience ratings, as it is audience access that is being sold to the advertisers. That competition benefits advertisers as discussed above. It also benefits individual audience members (listeners of radio stations) because stations will compete for their attention by offering high quality content. In this way, the relief in the Final Judgment that protects advertising competition also serves to protect individual audience members by maintaining vigorous competition between the Spanish-language radio stations owned by Univision/HBC and those owned by Entravision.
SBS alleges that the merger will provide Univision an enhanced incentive to refuse to deal with or discriminate against Spanish-language radio competitors who seek to advertise on Univision and will also provide Univision the ability to "tie" radio and television advertising time for advertisers who seek to use both mediums. (SBS Cmt. at 3). The United States did not find evidence upon which to base a cause of action pursuant to SBS's theory. If Univision engages in the alleged conduct in the future, and if the conduct satisfies the requirements of an antitrust violation, then the United States (or a private plaintiff with standing) could challenge the conduct at that time. The mere speculation that Univision will violate the antitrust laws, however, does not justify enjoining this transaction.
SBS asserts that the remedy will not address the competitive harms raised in the Complaint because Univision will still have the ability to improperly influence Entravision's actions to the detriment of radio competition between Entravision and Univision/HBC. Specifically, SBS contends that (1) the existence of the television affiliation agreement between Univision and Entravision will cause Entravision to mitigate its radio competition with a combined Univision/HBC; (2) Univision's continued retention of limited shareholder "veto" rights in Entravision might foreclose competition-enhancing transactions; (3) the time period to complete the stock divestitures called for in the proposed Final Judgment is too long; and (4) Univision's ability to hold 10 percent of Entravision's stock will cause Univision/HBC to compete less aggressively against Entravision. SBS cmt. at 1, 4-6.(5)
Contrary to SBS's assertions, the proposed Final Judgment will preserve competition between Entravision and HBC by restricting Univision's ability to control or influence Entravision's radio business and by significantly reducing Univision's equity stake in Entravision. See CIS at 9-13 (describing specific means by which the proposed Final Judgment will preserve competition).
Addressing SBS's first contention, as stated in the CIS, Univision and Entravision have a long-standing television relationship in which Entravision broadcasts Univision programming on television stations owned by Entravision. This relationship is embodied in a pre-existing, long-term affiliation agreement that assigns rights and responsibilities to both parties and also provides for Univision to act as Entravision's national sales representative for television advertising. In addition to the fact that this vertical integration may yield certain efficiencies and consumer benefits, there is nothing in this affiliation agreement that allows Univision to control any Entravision radio decision, including decisions regarding the acquisition of radio stations. Moreover, the decree itself mandates that the two companies act as independent entities and there is no reason to believe that Univision will violate the terms of the decree (and thereby subject itself to contempt of court proceedings) by using its television relationship to influence any Entravision strategic decision. The Division found no evidence to suggest that the mere fact that a television affiliation agreement exists between them enables Univision to unduly influence Entravision's decisions with respect to its radio business, the only area in which the combined Univision/HBC will compete with Entravision. Finally, Entravision has every incentive to operate its radio stations in a fully competitive manner.
As to SBS's second contention, although Univision will maintain a few limited governance rights in Entravision that it held prior to the contemplation of this merger, the proposed Final Judgment eliminates Univision's ability to exercise these rights over Entravision radio decisions. The rights that are retained relate to the two entities' television relationship, which is not a basis of concern alleged in the Complaint. Univision will retain a modified right to veto a merger or transfer of ownership of Entravision. Although this right does impact ultimate ownership of Entravision, it cannot be used to veto or influence day-to-day decisions relating to radio competition or strategic decisions such as the buying or selling of individual radio stations.
With respect to SBS's third contention, while the United States traditionally requires defendants to divest business assets as expeditiously as possible to maintain their value and ongoing capabilities, the relief sought here is for divestiture of stock, the retention of which does not raise the same spoliation concerns as the retention of business assets raises. Moreover, based on our investigation, we concluded that a forced divestiture of equity within a short amount of time could cause material hardship to Entravision's vitality as a significant competitor (for example, a "fire-sale" of Univision's stock holdings in Entravision could depress Entravision's stock price to the point that it would not be able to issue equity to fund potential acquisitions). Such hardship should be avoided or minimized if at all possible so as to maintain Entravision as a strong competitor to the unified Univision/HBC. The time period reflects a balancing designed to minimize the potential harms to competition that might arise from a divestiture that proceeds either too slowly or too rapidly.
Finally, responding to SBS's fourth contention, under the circumstances of this case, Univision's ability to hold no more than 10 percent of Entravision's equity will not give it control or even significant influence over Entravision's business decisions. The decree significantly restrains Univision's ability to participate in Entravision's governance. For example, Univision will not be allowed: to suggest or nominate any candidate for Entravision's board of directors; to have Univision employees serve as Entravision employees; to participate in any Entravision board of directors meeting; to vote its equity; and to have access to any of Entravision's competitively sensitive information. See Final Judgment, Section VI. Moreover, Univision's reduced equity stake in Entravision is not sufficiently large to affect competition between them given the market structure of the relevant geographic markets at issue.(6)
V. Conclusion
After careful consideration of these public comments, the United States has concluded that entry of the Proposed Final Judgment will provide an effective and appropriate remedy for the antitrust violation alleged in the Complaint and is, therefore, in the public interest. Pursuant to Section 16(d) of the Tunney Act, the United States is submitting these public comments and this Response to the Federal Register for publication. After these comments and this Response are published in the Federal Register, the United States will move this Court to enter the Proposed Final Judgment.
Dated this 31st day of October 2003.
The undersigned certifies that a copy of the foregoing Response to Public Comments was served on the following counsel, by electronic mail in PDF format, this 31st day of October, 2003:
John M. Taladay
Neil W. Imus
and on the following entities by facsimile and U.S. Mail, on this same date:
Albert A. Foer
Claudia R. Higgins
1. On September 22, 2003, the Federal Communications Commission announced that it granted Univision's and HBC's applications for transfer of control that were required in order for the transaction to proceed. See Memorandum Opinion and Order, FCC 03-218 (located at http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03-218A1.pdf.). Univision and HBC closed their merger the same day.
2. It is the United States' responsibility to investigate a transaction and decide what allegations to raise in any challenge it may bring. See Heckler v. Chaney, 470 U.S. 821, 831-32 (1985) ("[A]n agency's decision not to prosecute or enforce, whether through civil or criminal process, is generally committed to an agency's absolute discretion.").
3. See, e.g. Complaint ¶¶ 11-14, United States v. Clear Channel Communications, No. 1:00CV02063 (D.D.C. filed Aug. 29, 2000); Complaint ¶¶ 34-41, United States v. Chancellor Media Company, Inc., No. CV-97-496 (E.D. N.Y. filed Nov. 6, 1997); Complaint ¶ 12, United States v. EZ Communications, Inc., No. 1:97CV00406 (D.D.C. filed Feb. 27, 1997).
4. SBS's submission does not provide a basis to establish a combined Spanish-language television and radio market. The letters that SBS attaches to its comment as Exhibit A for the most part discuss how certain advertisers depend on Spanish-language media (a point with which the United States does not disagree). Only two of the letters, however, discuss the interchangeability of Spanish-language television and radio (May 27, 2003 letter from Castor A. Fernandez; May 27, 2003 letter from Caballero TV & Cable sales); the rest are silent on the issue.
5. As noted above, AAI asserts that the CIS fails to explain why Univision was not forced to relinquish all its shareholder "veto" rights in Entravision and to divest all its Entravision equity. AAI cmt. at 1 n.2. These points are addressed in this response to SBS's comments.
6. Cf. Archer-Daniels-Midland, 272 F. Supp. 2d at 8 (crediting the Government's statement in Tunney Act proceeding that factual investigation showed that two companies operated as independent competitors notwithstanding one company's partial equity ownership in the other).


text:
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Chris Anderson, the curator of TED, talks about how we no longer are part of the Gutenberg revolution but a "video" revolution. The world is dramatically changing as we are able to "face to face" with others around the world. Video is catching up with print regarding scaling – dispersal far and wide.
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