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PgCon 2010 Developer Meeting
From PostgreSQL wiki
A meeting of the most active PostgreSQL developers and senior figures from PostgreSQL-developer-sponsoring companies is being planned for Wednesday 19th May, 2010 near the University of Ottawa, prior to pgCon 2010. In order to keep the numbers manageable, this meeting is by invitation only. Unfortunately it is quite possible that we've overlooked important code developers during the planning of the event - if you feel you fall into this category and would like to attend, please contact Dave Page (firstname.lastname@example.com).
This is a PostgreSQL Community event. Room and lunch sponsored by EnterpriseDB. Other companies sponsored attendance for their developers.
- Josh & Selena will track open items and make sure they get listed or tracked and resolved.
- Selena to get reviewers start on commitfest early - around June 15
- Branch on July 1, CF July 15.
- Announce a plan for next development schedule.
- No more branching for alphas.
- Stephen's intern to develop PerformanceFarm application. Will need help from Dunstan/Drake etc.
- Kaigai, Stephen, Smith, etc. to get together at pgCon and hash out some more security provider issues.
- Magnus to set up git environment emulator.
- Andrew to publish checklist of how to set up your Git
- Move to Git August 17-20: Magnus, Haas, Dunstan. Frost will be out.
- Koichi to extract patch from PostgresXC for snapshot cloning and submit.
- Koichi to come up with proposed patch design for XID feed
- Develop specification for commit sequence / LSN data
- DDL Triggers Wiki page to be updated with spec by Jan, Greg M, et al
- Dimitri to do patch (regarding extensions..) More detail?
- EDB to decide on opening code or not for SQL/MED
- Review Itagaki's git repo code: Heikki, Peter SQL/MED
- Itagaki to keep working on API -- what about Peter? SQL/MED
- Document what the plan is to do a conversion upgrade (Greg Smith) -- pg_update
- Copy Zdenek's code (Greg Smith) related to pg_update
Time & Location
The meeting will be from 9AM to 5PM, and will be in the O'Connor room at:
Arc The Hotel 140 Slater Street Ottawa Ontario K1P 5H6 Google Maps
Food and drink will be provided throughout the day.
The following people have RSVPed to the meeting:
- Oleg Bartunov
- Josh Berkus
- Joe Conway
- Jeff Davis
- Selena Deckelmann
- Andrew Dunstan
- David Fetter
- Dimitri Fontaine
- Marc Fournier
- Stephen Frost
- Magnus Hagander
- Robert Haas
- Tatsuo Ishii
- Takahiro Itagaki
- KaiGai Kohei
- Marko Kreen
- Tom Lane
- Heikki Linnakangas
- Michael Meskes
- Bruce Momjian
- Dave Page
- Teodor Sigaev
- Greg Sabino Mullane
- Greg Smith
- Greg Stark
- Koichi Suzuki
- Joshua Tolley
- Robert Treat
- Jan Wieck
|Tea, coffee upon arrival
|09:15 - 09:25
|Welcome and introductions
|Dave Page
|09:25 - 09:45
|Review of the 9.0 development process
|Dave Page
|09:45 - 10:35
|Development Priorities for 9.1: General discussion
|Josh Berkus
|10:35 - 10:45
|9.1 Development timeline
|Robert Treat
|10:45 - 11:00
|Coffee break
|11:00 - 11:15
|Performance QA/Performance Farm planning update
|Greg Smith
|11:15 - 11:50
|Advanced access control features (Slides)
|KaiGai Kohei
|11:50 - 12:30
|CVS to GIT: The finale?
|Dave Page
|12:30 - 13:30
|13:30 - 13:55
|Snapshot Cloning
|Koichi Suzuki
|13:55 - 14:20
|XID feed for clones
|Koichi Suzuki
|14:20 - 14:45
|General Modification Queue
|Itagaki Takahiro, Jan Wieck, Marko Kreen
|14:45 - 15:10
|DDL "triggers"
|Jan Wieck
|15:10 - 15:25
|Tea break
|15:25 - 15:55
|SQL/MED (Slides from Heikki)
|Itagaki Takahiro
|15:55 - 16:20
|Status report on Modules (Slides)
|Dimitri Fontaine
|16:20 - 16:45
|In-place upgrade with pg_migrator progress
|Bruce Momjian
|16:45 - 17:00
|Any other business
|Dave Page
2010 PostgreSQL Developer Meeting
Ottawa, Canada
Present: Tatsuo Ishii, Andrew Dunstan, Bruce Momjian, David Fetter, Jeff Davis, Itagaki Takahiro, Koichi Suzuki, Josh Berkus, Dave Page, Dimitri Fontaine, Marko Kreen, Michael Meskes, Joe Conway, Josh Tolley, Greg Sabino-Mullaine, Selena Deckelman, Stephen Frost, Robert Treat, Robert Haas, Magnus Hagander, Kohei Kaigai, Heikki Linnakangas, Tom Lane, Jam Wieck, Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Marc Fournier, Greg Smith, Greg Stark, Peter Eisentraut (via Skype)
Review of The 9.0 Development Process
How did the commitfest work? Do we feel that the process worked in general, do we like Robert's CF application? What other parts of the process should we improve?
David Fetter commented that the writable CTE patch went through more than one CF without adequate feedback, and the patch got rejected. Should we not allow things to be bumped, or not bumped twice? Still listed as open on November Commitfest. RH thinks feedback was provided but it might not have been very clear. It was reviewed more than once. RT: maybe we shouldn't be so quick to bump people in the last CF. Writeable CTE wasn't bumped until Feb. 10. Part of the issue is that it's a very complicated patch.
JB feels that integration/testing needs to be more structured. Still amorphous. If we had more structure, maybe it would go faster. RH we had a lot of open items, we closed them an released Beta1. Agrees that we need more concrete critera. BMomj: we end up with a pile of really hard problems which we don't know how to fix. Even now can't fix max_standby_delay. Needs to be a fire under someone. Open items list is a big win, but doesn't show the scope of the problem. Didn't have anything on open items list until this AM for Beta. Need to reconstitute list.
If stuff is on the open items list it stops release. DF: maybe we should have ratings of complex/not? Perhaps we need release manager to keep up on open items etc.? Or Beta manager. Not everyone knows what every open item is. Someone should track the list and see status. Need list to know what to work on. JB would like to put stuff on the open items list. If there's a thread on hackers put it on the list.
How do we get all the big patches in the first commitfest or second instead of last? Assumes people are working while releasing. Why didn't HS get into first commitfest. Post-CF, prerelease is long and delays development, people take a vacation for 6 months. Also the CF reviews were not very good for big patches. CFs worked well for small/medium patches. But for big patches not so great. KNNGiST and WriteableCTE not so great. HS at least didn't get into last commitfest.
How much of a problem is this issue going to be for 9.1? Do we have anything that large? Synchronous Replication. SQL/MED?
Josh & Selena will track open items and make sure they get listed or tracked and resolved.
Priorities for 9.1
See priority grid below.
Timeline for 9.1
Treat: Release in July, have an immediate commitfest of pending stuff. Will we release in July? If we're late, do we want to drop a commitfest and have shorter cycle? Maybe the development cycle should go, even if the release is delayed? Lane doesn't think we have enough manpower for that.
Issue is that people are waiting 6 months to resume development. Are there enough reviewers, though? Maybe we could have a reviewfest. Haas thinks that we have manpower. Berkus likes the idea of a reviewfest, new people. Haas says that we could commit stuff or at least put it "pending commit". Smith says that pruning patches would be valuable. What's the main bottleneck of people? Maybe Kevin could run it.
We would need to branch first. Which would involve backpatching. Branch on July 1, first CF on July 15? Or 15 and August 1? Tom Lane: if we're not close to releaseable by July 1, then it's not feasible. Frost would like to have reviewfest in June. We could ask for reviews right now. RRRs need more direction. Selena will help.
In the future, do we want to start earlier? We should get more people to help with getting to beta. Get people on open items list. Put it on the commitfest app? Magnus: but that makes it closer to a bug tracker. Haas: cycle of work is different for open items. No, will use wiki instead. Next year we'll have an open items app.
Doing early branching will also help with bitrot. And will help with people's work schedules.
Plan is to start 9.1 development on July 15, and only delay if things blow up.
Alpha releases unanimously good. We might want to branch them differently. Downloads weren't huge, 10s or maybe 100 per alpha. But practice found issues with packaging, build scripts, etc. Maybe we shouldn't create branches for them, though. We should just tag it. We just wanted it to say the right name. This is probably fixed. So, for 9.1 we'll have a patch for the tarball and not a branch. Discussion of checkout/tag/branch detailed ensued.
CFs need to have enough reviewers. Need to recruit more? Need to make it clear what's in it for reviewers. Reviewers should be nominated for minor contributors.
- Selena to get reviewers to start now.
- Branch on July 1, CF July 15.
- Announce as plan for schedule.
- No more branching for alphas.
Performance QA/Performance Farm
Last year we took this as an issue at the meeting. Holdup was pgBench needed overhaul; results were useless on Linux. New pgBench should resolve those problems. Got something in pgBench tools which tries to figure out number of threads. Other thing which has been moving along well is benchfarm, and how should systems be set up to give reasonable performance. Greenplum has nice utility called gperftest, people need to test hardware before running pgbench. Nobody will let us benchmark high-end machines and talk about the results. Smith has some new high-end machines to test performance results.
Smith: we are ready to write a spec for a performancefarm client. Need to build client for this. Frost has an intern to work on Postgres stuff will be working on performance farm client. Will be working for 8 weeks.
Performancefarm also needs to run a battery of individual operations for performance regressions. Also needs to run a quick hardware/OS test for comparability. Need a general framework; maybe we'll eventually add DW test or TPCH.
Why do we keep the same dependancy restrictions as buildfarm? It's easier to get clients that way. If we can tell people that they can just add the PerformanceFarm to the buildfarm, it's easier. Will go to assembled tool very soon. Data collection will start with 9.0 because of old pgbench. Biggest thing is to notice if someone's patch torpedoes performance.
Propose that machines for the PerformanceFarm be named after plants. ;-)
What about replication performance? Too big to take over.
Actions: Stephen's intern to develop PerformanceFarm application. Will need help from Dunstan/Drake etc.
Advanced Security Features
KaiGai's Presentation <link?>
We try to load something externally to make access control decisions. Row-level access controls have a number of issues.
PostgreSQL currently has logic & access controls in the same place. (1) rework external check using same flow. (2) add label support. (3) add SELinux support. New method will have clear separation between Postgres and SELinux, possibly using a loadable module.
Rework of access controls needs to do all of the access control checks at once instead of one at a time with query in between. Need to do one object at a time because otherwise it's too big. That way patches are only 200-500 lines each.
Finally, add security labels to objects.
The concern with the rework was that moving all of the security checks into a separate area was that that area needed to have knowledge about everything. Haas: need to provide a clean interface to security providers, but not by changing huge amounts of code. Heikki: it's not that big, it's fairly mechanical.
Currently we check some basic things (like does the table exist) and later we check fine-grained permissions. Completely isolating it not possible. Locks for one thing. Also it's difficult to have a clean API because the API needs to know about everything. Kaigai says that generalized interface isn't necessary, Linux has had to add to the API with each new security provider.
Why can't we put calls in the current aclcheck? Too low-level, don't pass enough information to them. We could pass more. But if we have the OID, we can look up all of the class information. Right now we have duplicate permissions checks all over the code. And the checks we need to do are not necessarily the same checks which SE wants to do.
Smith: what users want isn't necessarily what we have in the patch. Maybe we should just build a subset of functionality, a lot of people don't care about DDL etc. We could implement only SELECT security, it would make the patch more digestible. All permissions checks for SELECT are all in one place. Or DML only.
Does the information provided supply enough? It has to be because it's the first stage. It's basically the information the user entered.
Is DML-only enough? Will it leak? Of course. Anyway, it's useful simplication. Smith says 95% of use cases are solved by that. Table discussion of all of the ACL checks. Kaigai says that checks are the same for DML and DDL, but others do not agree.
Security Label discussion. Access control decisions operated by Subject, Target, Action. Label replaces Target. Syntax introduced, ALTER ... SET WITH SECURITY LABEL, SECURITY LABEL TO label. Simplified suggestion, just add seclabel[] text to catalogs. But wastes space and hurts peformance.
Should SELinux be in core or be loadable module?
Actions: Kaigai, Stephen, Smith, etc. to get together at pgCon and hash out some more issues.
CVS to GIT
Its probably clear that we should change to a new VCS, and it should be GIT. No disagreement.
What are the gating factors to moving now? Let's make a decision to do it, and when and we'll fix the issues. Problem with buildfarm has been solved. Buildfarm now runs git. Building Git on any older platform is impossible; bad make files. Getting all buildfarm members running Git wouldn't be possible, but we can run CVS mirror for older ones.
We have a checklist on the wiki already for switching.
Most buildfarm members will run either; it's a config item. We'll track which ones are using the emulator.
Building older versions may have issues to build identically. Magnus claims that it's been fixed. How much do we care about old tags? There are still a couple of bad files but they're minor. Do we still have old issues with CVS? Marc says they're fixed, shouldn't show up in Git history.
Are commit e-mails an issue? No. But e-mails will look different. Tom wants them to just work the same.
We don't need to solve technical issues here. Just pick a date. We'll know when we're doing it and that everything will suck for a month afterwards. Will need to be a low-stress time for the project, between commitfests. Tom isn't sure how to apply commits across multiple branches. Discussion of Git details hashed out.
Two issues: sheer space usage. Second, management of commits. But these are not serious problems. Andrew has checklist. Will need to test stuff and decide how to do specific stuff. Suggestion on date: after 2nd commitfest. No, halfway after first commitfest. No, immediately after first commitfest ... August 20th or similar.
We will have git super-master which synchs to git.postgresql.org. Can do receive hooks. Have we considered using github? Github should not be canonical source, in case they go away. Can't do postcommit hooks on Github. People can just do both. Forking Postgres repo puts you near their limit. Put off Github questions.
Issue: what about the name? People will need to reclone, will be part of suckitude. Rename old repo and create new repo. Where will secret master repo be? Maybe Conova.
Mapping usernames onto e-mail addresses could be a pain. Maybe we should standardized onto email@example.com. Committers should pick names before conversion.
Discussion about commit messages, merges, commits, etc. ensued.
- Magnus to set up emulator.
- Andrew to publish checklist of how to set up your Git
- Move to Git August 17-20: Magnus, Haas, Dunstan. Frost will be out.
Snapshot Cloning
Koichi: had meeting in Tokyo, and make a list of core APIs which clustering projects could use. Snapshot cloning is one such, plus it's useful for parallel query and parallel pg_dump. First use snapshot cloning to enforce consistent view of the database. Has already implemented this for PostgresXC. The same thing could be applicable for single PostgreSQL. It is a very simple implementation, and should not produce resource conflicts.
For parallel pg_restore, maybe snapshot cloning will not be sufficient. Cloning the snapshot for read-only transactions is simple, not for write transactions.
Smith: Using this for parallel query also works for read-only cloning.
Very useful for dumping partitioned tables, with one backend for each partition.
Added API to libpq. But shouldn't this be a server-side command? For cluster usage, it was useful for it to be in libpq. RH: one idea is a function we could call, and the shared snapshot would use a "cookie". Joachim W. wrote a patch with publish/subscribe. Needs to be all server-side.
Tom has suggestion for simpler implementation, without locks. That is, you just need to have same snapshot start, not shared snapshot. Snapshot would die once the original transaction was gone. Koichi: this is not a problem.
Tom: maybe we could just use a prepared transaction, which would keep the snapshot valid. Proposing to begin with read-only implementation.
Action: Koichi to extract patch from PostgresXC and submit.
XID Feed
PostgresXC needs to have a transaction run on multiple servers in the same cluster. The XID is needed so that you can have the same transactions. Will also be useful for parallel write operation, but that's really complicated. Parallel backend needs to be assigned same XID, but locks, resource conflicts.
Heikki: let's start with parallel read queries.
JB: parallel write on one server is a different feature than XID feed for clustering.
Multiple backends share the same XID so they can share the same snapshot. If you're doing a multimaster update across multiple servers so you can maintain serialization. Stark explains multi-server deadlock situation.
The XID is not the issue, it's the commit order. But communicating the xids means that you don't need to communicate more data to the servers. Just maintaining transaction IDs isn't enough, we need to maintain commit/abort info. If you want a snapshot which is valid on both nodes, you'd have to lock the procarray on both. You'd have to have a single global transaction manager controlling commits.
What is the core feature here? You might want to make a specific instance of Postgres the global transaction manager. Or you might make one postgres a consumer of snapshots. Heikki: you could interrogate each node about what transactions were running at the time of the snapshot. Some discussion without agreement.
Koichi explains how snapshots are distributed in PostgresXC, they receive them with XID. There's no negotiation between nodes. What stability would this affect with core Postgres? Vacuum and analyze need their own GXID.
What is the feature: getting XID and Snapshot from PostgreSQL. Is this useful for core Postgres? Does it work for other cluster systems other than PostgresXC. Would be useful for all synchronous multi-master replication. Like Postgres-R. Or any distributed databases. Should be done as a "hook". Not really different from two-phase commit, but not testable without an external manager, which is the main problem. How could you test it?
What other things do you need? What other hooks would we need in core to support GTM and other clustering functionality? If we had SQL/MED working, you could export XIDs to remote tables. But we don't have that yet.
A hook will be fine.
Action: Koichi to come up with proposed patch design
General Modification Queue
Marko: one use case is transactional que. Have some sample imentations in pgQ and Slony. Two different stragies: Slony/Londiste, and Josh wants to replicate data to external non-PostgreSQL tables. Josh is mainly concerned about write overhead, but no way around WAL.
What is not solved by current LISTEN/NOTIFY? What this has is potential for really improving. Both Slony and pgQ rely on being able to filter out blocks of events and serialized sequence of individual events. Problem is eventID sequence number cannot be cached, that causes painful overhead. Both systems come up with insert/update/delete statements which go by index scan.
If we can support general functions where a trigger can hand in old and new tuples and the receiver can get something which allows it to pull new data. Seems like commit order is the issue. Why do you need a sequence which can't be cached? If you knew what order they committed ... you wouldn't need a global counter. Jan isn't sure this makes sense for core because of lack of version independance.
If you had a stream of commit information, you'd just have to buffer it. But that could work. The real missing piece is a commit ordering stamp, which the database should supply for you. This was a requirement of Postgres-R as well, they need to know what order to apply the writeset in.
We could use the LSN of the commit record as that number. In the CLOG, for a range of XIDs, we have some LSNs. But it's not enough information. It sounds like all that's really needed is to have a way to grab LSN numbers. Maybe write it to a separate file.
Commit-order table would need to be truncated. The clients have to send message about being done with it. Do we want to call gettimeofday while holding walinsertlock? Tom: we already are, but it's not exact enough. LSN plus approximate timestamp would give you order.
Clients would need to look and say grab all transactions between one LSN and another.
- Develop specification for commit sequence / LSN data
DDL Triggers
Jan: it's a feature we've been missing for at least a decade. Jan starting to work on it, but DDL code is very messy. It's in tcop_utility.c function process_utility. The mess is that while the function gets a query string some calls don't put a real query string in there.
Purposes include enforcement of complex CREATE requirements. Also replicating DDL to replicas. Wouldn't you like it better if the data were passed to the trigger using some kind of structured data rather than a query string. Take node structure of utility statement and create query string which can be passed, as well as passing node structure using nodetostring.
We haven't exposed nodetostring because it's not a stable API. But generally changes there indicate changes in features. But if we could give the trigger an object name. Maybe we could pass before-and-after snapshots.
How do Oracle and other systems get this data?
Also there's an issue that some utility statements call other utility statements.
Nodetostring exposure was also vetoed for other reasons. Slony and other systems can take a tree instead. Maybe we should already have a utility function. We already theoretically have a hook, but it's not being used. And also still a problem with recursive calls.
pgAdmin wants a notification for changes. Would need some notification with data about object changed. But just object changed would be enough. We could also build up a set of events for DDL changes over time based on the tree ... we can start with just objectype and objectID. And type of modification: create, drop, alter.
ProcessUtilityHook is there, but the problem is how it's exposed to the user. Hooks aren't used consistently and you don't know who has set it in what modules. Several people are already using it. Ordering becomes a problem. People don't want to use the hook.
We also want a userspace implementation. Like maybe a trigger.
- Wiki page to be updated with spec by Jan et. all.
Status Report on Modules
Slides from Dimitri
Many issues and topics. Talking today about dump/reload support. If you dump and restore, you don't want to restore objects. We want to support any source language. We want to support custom GUCs and versions in extensions. We also want upgrading factilities.
We are not going to talk about schema. We are not going to talk about souce level packaging, ACLs, PGAN or OS packaging and distribution. Example of extensions/foo/control. Should be in user/share. Control file will have name, version, custom_variable_classes.
Then you can just do install extension foo, drop extension foo. pg_restore would call install extension foo and not its objects.
Need dependancies on extensionID in pg_depends so we know what belongs to the extension.
Used name = value because we already know how to parse them in control file. pg_dump will be easy, we will know how to exclude based on dependancies. uninstall.sql files will be replaced by this.
What do we do about user-modifiable tables which are associated with a module? This is similar to how debian deals with config files. Or we could allow install files have items which aren't tracked as part of the module, and pg_restore would need to know about that.
Should extensions have different versions or different names per version? The install script is just a sql file, you can add a DO script. Debian handles this by checking if the configuration is the default and replacing it, or failing over to the user afterwards.
Need license information in the control file.
We probably just need to punt configuration tables to version 2.
Will this help pg_upgrade? Maybe. Right now you have to migrate shared libs yourself. Will fix some cases.
- Dimitri to do patch
Slides by Heikki.
Heikki: in EDBAS, we already have foriegn tables. CREATE FOREIGN TABLES syntax. EDB has libpq, Oracle and ODBC. Shows slide with join plan; currently materialize locally.
Have to decide what plans you can push to the remote database. Not all remote sources can handle all structures, including functions, joins etc. Even between PostgreSQL ruleutils.c is different for each version.
Proposed FDW planner API. Pass parse tree, needs to say what it can take. How do we not duplicate the entire planner in the API. EnterpriseDB has been working on this but company has not committed to contributing it.
Jan mentioned that at least a wrapper has to take a scan.
Itagaki: didn't know EDB was also working on SQL/MED. Code is probably completely different. There's four issues: any features it should consider about. Currently considering dbLink and COPY FROM. Maybe there should be other features, like GDQ.
Josh: what about PL/proxy? SQL/MED should support the functionality of PL/proxy.
What is the best design to support access methods for tables? Postgres AMs for indexes, we need AMs for FDWs. Update is a problem, may start with select and insert.
How to push WHERE conditions to FDW? Itagaki's WIP code uses internal tree, requires C code in FDW to parse. Might be unstable for that reason. External server might not be SQL server, so passing SQL isn't that useful.
FDW vs. SRF ... can we merge these somehow? Current implementation of functionscan is to materialize. We didn't do value-per-call because it was difficult with PL/pgSQL. So we just materialized it.
Heikki suggested that we don't use the FDW API from the SQL committee because nobody uses it. Supplies function for reaching into planner but can't imagine how it would work. EnterpriseDB implements pipeline.
Also, an issue is cost estimation. How do we know how much it would cost. Statistics on remote tables? We could store them. It would also be nice to have joins take place on the remote server, but that's version 2 or 3.
Also what about indexes on the remote server. One implementation in Japan has CREATE FOREIGN INDEX. Creating definitions locally of remote schema are very useful. DB2 implemented this and had commands to define foreign objects.
Maybe we don't need to be really smart about this in the first version. But people are asking for this. Pass whole query to remote server. Wouldn't work for joins, but would work for union query. Defining an index on a FDW doesn't make much sense since we don't know what the costs are like over there. We should just have a function in the API.
How would we recognize that we want to do the join on the remote server. We just need costs from the FDW. But we could also keep them in pg_stats. FDW might be used to access complex database like Infobright or Bigtable.
Would EDB contribute a patch? Or just the rights for Heikki to steal bits? Patch from EDBAS would not work. Does the EDB patch help Itatgaki? EDB might get Itagaki access to the code.
- EDB to decide on opening code or not
- Review Itagaki's git repo code: Heikki, Peter
- Itagaki to keep working on API -- what about Peter?
Bruce: Just fixed a but in pg_upgrade for XID wraparound. Added docs. Migrator tries to rebuild a plane in the air. Bruce feels like he has a swiss army knife with pg_upgrade. Issue with FrozenXIDs in template0 fixed. Still a work in progress, which is why it's in contrib, still a work in progress but bugs are fixable.
Will still have issues with page format, binary format changes. Haven't had those for a while, may not need them, and a dump & restore every 4-5 years is an improvement. Bunches of people have used it to migrate. The tool makes sure that it doesn't corrupt your data, it goes back if it hits an error.
Stark: In the past we've had a chicken-and-egg issue if people wanted to make changes to the data format, we'd need a conversion function. And there's no hooks in pg_migrator. Could slow down the pace of adding features. We should add the functionality to do the conversion now.
pg_upgrade from EDB has hook for COPY mode for conversion. And then what's the point of pg_migrator? If you don't have to rebuild indexes. But a lot of times you'd have to. But to have it in place so that it's not a hurdle for a data change. If we're going to do that we need to do it for 9.1 early in the cycle.
Dump and reload is impossible for Smith's customers. page checksum thing is a good example. Read-on-conversion is a big performance hit. Background process to convert all old data.
Also issue around internal representation of data type change. We either have to convert it, or have versioned data types.
Is binary data conversion really faster? Read back one version, and convert while running. Something which can read one version level back and can convert is the only viable way. Would have a daemon to convert data. What about split pages, bigger page headers.
CRC would be a good test for this. It's a small patch but has a lot of common upgrade issues. And it would be only one patch so we could put it off for another version if we had to. Would like to get this started for 9.1. CRC requires dealing with the split pages issue.
Really tricky stuff includes changing indexing structure. Would need concurrent rebuild for unique indexes and primary keys. REINDEX concurrently was a deadlock concern.
What about writing? Convert-on-read.
- Document what the plan is to do a conversion upgrade (Greg Smith)
- Copy Zdenek's code (Greg Smith)
Other Business
Treat: Mammoth Replicator into Core? Code has been BSD-licensed. Has features which don't exist in Hot Standby. Code is pretty big. Alvaro would say that it's not in great shape to contribute at this point.
Has log-based replication including per-table. Has its own logs, and has binary vs. SQL replay. Not trigger-based.
Real question is would we consider putting any replication solution into Core? Not until we've finished digesting HS/SR. Replication is one word for a dozen different solutions for 3 dozen problems. We've accepted one which solves some problems. Page things we should consider each case on its merits.
Question is what parts of Mammoth make sense to be in core. Bruce thinks that mammoth is so tied into the backend that we couldn't accept it. It's too complicated. It doesn't sound like Mammoth offers enough functionality to make it worth it.
Does mammoth need to be in core? It has grammar changes. We now have better ideas of what replication requirements are, we may have more commonalities in core in the future. Part of the reason have so many because we don't have one in Core.
We'd consider more replication in core, but maybe not Mammoth.
- None
Other Business
Peter says we're almost compliant with SQL 2008. Is it of PR value to comply with the remaining random stuff? People don't think so.
What about Case Folding? We probably don't want to fix that. Wasn't on Peter's list, which is just features. Case Folding would break a lot of stuff. Thought Peter was already doing that with a couple of features per version.
Compliance is only of moderate value. Is there a point of implementing the features on Peter's list?
Summer of Code: how is it going?
Haas has concern. His student is working on Materialized Views. Has proposed a very basic implementation. Might not be able to do even that. We can fail people.
Selena just updated the open items on the mailing list. A lot of items were not closed on the mailing list.
What about max_standby_delay? Tom wants to go back to just a boolean. What about Tom's original proposal? Can't really do it. Tom wants to remove time dependancy. What are the issues with max_standby_delay? Idle time on the master uses up time on the standby. Plus NTP and keepalives and some other stuff.
Major discussion on max_standby_delay ensued.
Development Priorities for 9.1
|GSoC with Greg Smith/Simon
|Issues with predicate locking
|Synchronous replication
|Review by Heikki
|Improve Hot Standby/Streaming Rep usability
|Simon/Fujii/Greg Smith
|Review by Josh Berkus
|Snapshot cloning API
|Sample app is parallel pg_dump
|per column/per operator collation
|User exposed predicate locking
|Interaction with serialization
|Kevin Grittner/Dan Ports
|pg_upgrade in core
|External security provider
|Row-level security
|Writeable CTEs
|Marko Tiikkaja
|Generalized inner-indexscan plans
|Tom Lane
|Re(?)plan parameterized plans with actual parameter values
|Tom Lane
|COPY as a FROM clause
|Andrew Dunstan
|Pipelining/value per call for SRFs
|Joe Conway
|Partitioning implementation
|Index only scans
|Global temp/unlogged tables
|Robert Haas
|Inner join removal
|Robert Haas
|Range types
|Jeff Davis
|Materialized views
|GSoC+Robert Haas
|JSON data type
|DDL Triggers
|Leaky view security
|Performance farm
|Greg Smith
|David Wheeler


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Exceptionals Move Wonka Chocolates Upscale
Make everyone happy for the upcoming holidays with Wonka Exceptionals. This delicious and decadent – yet imaginative and whimsical – premium chocolate line from Nestle USA, Glendale, Calif., was developed with as much attention to the taste inside as the presentation on the outside.
Varieties, each available in full-sized tablet bars, include:Wonka Scrumdiddlyumptious Chocolate Bar, made with bits of scrumptious toffee pieces, crispy cookies and crunchy peanuts wrapped in milk chocolate; Wonka Chocolate Waterfall Bar, a combination of creamy white chocolate swirled in milk chocolate; and my favorite, Wonka Domed Dark Chocolate Bar, made of rich, velvety dark chocolate topped with smooth milk chocolate drops.
"With images of a chocolate factory, chocolate bars and even a chocolate river in mind, the world has long identified Wonka with chocolate" says Tricia Bowles, spokesperson, Nestlé Confections & Snacks. "Now Wonka delivers on the fantasy, whimsy and familiarity of the Wonka legend, which still resonates with the young and young-at-heart. America is about to experience the wondrous, one-of-a-kind world of Wonka chocolate."
Suggested retail price is $2.39 for each 3.5-oz. tablet bar and $4.29 for each 8.5-oz. to 9.5-oz. bag of minis.

subset: commoncrawl


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MAKHACHKALA, Russia (AP) — Russian security forces conducted a military-style operation to detain the powerful mayor of Dagestan's regional capital on murder charges Saturday, whisking him away in a helicopter to escape his private army of several hundred bodyguards, officials said.
Said Amirov, the mayor of Makhachkala, is a legendary and colorful figure who has wielded vast clout in the Caspian Sea region, which has been destabilized by an Islamist insurgency that has spread across Russia's North Caucasus after two separatist wars in Chechnya.
Amirov, 59, has served as mayor since 1998 and previously worked as deputy head of the provincial government. He has survived 15 attempts on his life and lived in a bunker. Amirov has been in a wheelchair since an assassination attempt in 1993. In 1998, a car bomb aimed at him brought down scores of houses and killed 19 people, but he escaped unhurt.
The detention of Amirov could trigger a new wave of instability in Dagestan, a multi-ethnic, mostly Muslim province in southern Russia that lies east of the province of Chechnya. Local politics have been driven by rivalries between dozens of ethnic clans and business groups, and his detention could trigger a battle for the redistribution of power and wealth.
Dagestan has become the epicenter of the Islamist insurgency in the North Caucasus, with daily shootings and bombings of police and other officials. The suspects in April's Boston Marathon bombings were ethnic Chechens who once lived in Dagestan, and one of them last year visited the province, where authorities are investigating if he had contact with Islamic militants.
Rasul Temirbekov, a spokesman for the Investigative Committee's branch in Dagestan, said it took extreme security measures when they moved in to arrest Amirov. Several streets leading to Amirov's bunker had been blocked by armored vehicles, and he was flown away in a military helicopter to avoid a battle with his private army. The operation was conducted by officers dispatched from Moscow and other regions in an apparent bid to prevent a leak of information that would tip Amirov off.
Vladimir Markin, the spokesman for the federal Investigative Committee in Moscow, said that Amirov was detained Saturday along with more than 10 accomplices. He said that Amirov is accused of staging the killing of a senior investigator with the local branch of the Investigative Committee in 2011. Markin said that the mayor was flown to Moscow.
Amirov's nephew was detained in a parallel raid in the city of Kaspiisk.
Vladimir Isachenkov contributed to this report from Moscow.


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Tonight's Concert Picks: Hospitality at Johnny Brenda's, Heavy Medical at The First Unitarian Church, Vintage Kicks at Kung Fu Necktie
Brooklyn's Hospitality perform at Johnny Brenda's tonight. Led by Amber Papini, Hospitality are pure indie fun with math-rock subtleties. Their head-bop-worthy major label debut came out on Merge Records at the start of 2012 and received praise from notable resources ranging from Pitchfork to The Deli NYC. Tickets and information for tonight's 21+ show with Conversations With Enemies and Tinmouth can be found here; below, watch Hospitality's video for "Friends of Friends."


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Scientists probing a giant plug of earwax pulled from a dead blue whale have discovered in its hardened layers a detailed biography of the wild animal's life, from birth to death, in 6-month chapters.
Their new technique, described in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, arms researchers with a tool to understand a whale's hormonal and chemical biography -- and a window into how pollutants, some long discontinued, still pervade the environment today.
Whales are often called marine sentinels because they can reveal a lot about the waters they pass through, said study coauthor Sascha Usenko, an analytical environmental chemist at Baylor University in Waco, Texas.
"These types of marine mammals that are long-lived have a great ability to accumulate contaminants, and so they're often perceived as being sentinels of their ecosystem," Usenko said.
Researchers often study tissue and even whale blow (the stuff they exhale from their blowholes) for chemical clues. But for the most part, blubber, or fat tissue, reveals just the whales' total accumulation, said Gina Ylitalo, a research chemist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration based in Seattle who was not involved in the study. It doesn't really give scientists a play-by-play account of the animal's chemical exposure or hormonal production over time.
But Usenko realized that earwax is rich in lipids, just as fat is. So the same lipid-loving hormones and chemicals found in a whale's insulating blubber would also end up in its ear canal.
He also knew that as the wax is deposited in the ear over time, it forms a plug whose layers can be counted like tree rings to determine its age.
But he wondered if scientists could do more than just count the waxy layers. What if they could read each one, too?
"If I could section out each one of those layers and perform an analysis of each, then I could understand not only what they were exposed to today, but go back in time," said Usenko, who was used to studying ice and sediment core layers to understand an area's environment over time.
To test this theory, the team took a very fine-toothed band saw to a 10-inch earplug pulled out of a nearly 70-foot-long male blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus), that died after a 2007 collision with a ship off the Santa Barbara coast.
"It's naturally pretty heavy and strong and resilient," Usenko said of the wax, which is mostly made up of keratin (the stuff in hair and nails) and lipids. "It doesn't necessarily smell great.... When we were pulling it out, some of the crew actually just left."
The plug's 24 layers are laid down in light and dark stripes, Usenko said. The lighter bands are more rich in lipids and thought to result from periods of abundant food, while the darker parts may be a sign of leaner times.
They found that the whale's testosterone levels spiked 400-fold around 10 years old -- a mark that it had reached sexual maturity, refining researchers' estimates of when males come of age.
Levels of the stress hormone cortisol spiked 800% shortly after the whale's testosterone shot up -- a sign that the stress hormone's rise could be due to competition for mates.
The average concentrations of cortisol also doubled over the animal's lifetime, which could be due to any number of factors, including food availability, changes in social status, contaminant exposure or environmental noise, the authors wrote.
While the hormones in the ear wax gave scientists a look at the whale's personal biography, the chemical contaminants found -- from flame retardants, pesticides and other pollutants -- also opened a porthole onto humans' long-term effects on the ocean.
The researchers found several persistent organic pollutants in the whales' bodies, particularly DDT, the insecticide largely banned in the U.S. in 1972 in part for its suspected cancer-causing properties. But this whale had been born after the chemical's use was discontinued.
In fact, a full 96% of the total burden of organic pollutants in its wax came from four historic-use pesticides (and their metabolites) and a PCB, a type of chemical used in coolants and insulating fluids.
Many of the pollutants in the whale's ear plug, particularly the discontinued chemicals, were probably passed through its mother's milk, Usenko said. Persistent pollutants spiked in the baby whale's first 6 months, a period that accounted for 20% of the total persistent pollutants over the whale's 12-year lifespan.
The researchers saw peaks in mercury too, one when the whale was about 5 to 6 years of age and again when it was about 10 years old. Because the whale seemed to travel up and down the California coast, perhaps it was swimming through regions with increased mercury contamination, the authors wrote.
"I thought it was a novel idea, to be looking at contaminants at those different time points," Ylitalo said. "It's a neat little way to get that information."
[Updated, 11:15 a.m. PDT, Sept. 18: One of the great challenges of studying large whales is collecting samples from them in the field, said Randall Davis, a comparative physiologist at Texas A&M; University who was not involved in the study. This new method would allow them to pull a rich array of information from earwax samples already sitting in museum collections.
"The lifelong archive of contaminants and hormones," Davis said in an email, "is unprecedented and has great potential for providing new information on the endocrinology and toxicology of these animals. I know of no other method to obtain this type of information."]
Usenko said he planned to study more whales' earwax, and perhaps examine the earwax of other species of whales, too.
"It gives us a lot more opportunities and a new way of asking questions and getting answers," Usenko said. "That's really exciting."


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Author Notes: My husband isn't much of a dessert lover, so I have to create recipes that pack a lot of flavor but are not overly sweet. I find the texture of the tart reminds me of a cookie and the filling is a honey caramel that I love. - lorigoldsby —lorigoldsby
Food52 Review: This tart reminded us of a big, chewy, fragrant Florentine cookie -- tucked into a rich, buttery crust. At first, we wondered whether we'd be able to detect the citrus amidst all the caramel, almonds and butter, but lorigoldsby's technique of applying judicious amounts of juice or zest to all of the components ensures a decidedly tangerine-flavored tart. The press-in shortbread crust is a snap, and don't be intimidated by the huge pile of almonds you're instructed to toast -- they fit perfectly inside our 10-inch tart shell. - A&M —The Editors
Serves: 12
Prep time: 1 hrs 15 min
Cook time: 1 hrs 2 min
1 3/4
cups AP flour
cup confectioners' sugar
teaspoon kosher salt
tablespoons cold, unsalted butter, diced
cup superfine sugar
cup dark brown sugar
cup orange blossom honey
cup extra heavy whipping cream
cups toasted sliced almonds
- Zest 2 tangerines and ream to extract juice. Chill the juice.
- Line the bottom of a 10-inch tart pan with a removable base with buttered parchment paper
- Pulse the flour, confectioners' sugar, salt, butter and tangerine zest in a food processor. Add tangerine juice by tablespoon(s) as needed until it looks like wet sand. Pulse just until it starts to form a ball.
- Pat the dough into the tart pan, being careful to press up and into the sides.
- Chill the crust for one hour (can chill up to 4 hours).
- Heat the oven to 375 degrees.
- In a heavy bottomed saucepan, mix together the superfine sugar, brown sugar, honey and 2 teaspoons of the reserved tangerine juice. Allow the sugars and honey to melt together over medium-low heat, swirling gently. Cook for 5 to 7 minutes, until the mixture darkens and caramelizes. (Tip: You can use leftover tangerine juice mixed with some warm water to brush down the insides of the pan while you are waiting for the mixture to caramelize.)
- Add the cream and increase the heat to medium. Cook the mixture at a low boil for 8 to 10 minutes, until it is richly caramelized and thick.
- Stir in the almonds and spread the mixture into the chilled tart pan.
- Bake for 30 minutes and then lower the temperature to 350 bake for another 15 minutes, or until the crust is richly browned.
- Cool completely, remove the bottom from the pan and using a long-bladed spatula, transfer the tart to a cake stand.
- Optional: Serve with sweetened whipped cream (1 cup heavy whipped cream, 2 tablespoons vanilla, 1/4 cup superfine sugar) and a mint garnish.
- Your Best Late Winter Tart (Sweet or Savory) Contest Winner!
- This recipe is a Community Pick!
More Great Recipes:
Pie|Tart|American|Milk/Cream|Tangerine|Honey|Almond|Fruit|Serves a Crowd|Winter|Dessert


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Posts Tagged 'Accelerometer'
Kindle 3 DX Announced! Yes I've Pre-ordered Mine
Publishers. Are you listening?
Many of you know that I was pretty excited about my Kindle 2. See all my previous posts on it here. This week, Amazon.com announced that they will release the new Kindle 3 DX this summer which has a larger form factor (9.7-inch diagonal screen). Other key enhancements include the following:
- More storage – 3,500 hundred books instead of 1,500 on the Kindle 2
- Native PDF reader on board where as the Kindle 2 required conversion
- Accelerometer on board which is the technology that causes the screen to move from portrait to landscape when you rotate the device 90 degrees. VERY COOL! I believe Amazon refers to the feature as an "Auto-Rotating Screen."
The DX using the same electronic-ink technology that prints digitally to the screen and is amazingly readable. Images are even more incredible to view than text. And it uses the super fast Sprint national high-speed (3G) data network that Amazon refers to as Whispernet (at no CHARGE!).
Man I wished I had had this when I was in engineering school. You try carrying a ginormous calculus textbook that covers Calc I, II, and III, physics for engineering book, chemistry, statics, and all the lab books around all over campus in a backpack!
Great for work, school, and pleasure. Highly recommend.


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French artist Didier Massard creates eye-deceiving miniature dioramas depicting surreal, mystical landscapes. From a first glance, these sets remind of extremely detailed, hyper-realistic paintings or digitally rendered images. The striking effect unfolds after closer examination, when the viewer is exposed to careful layering and thoughtful light arrangements.
Massard explains his inspiration comes from real and imagined places. The limits of real life infuses his imagination to create mythological and romantic scenarios, which he then calls "the completion of an inner imaginary journey". China, India, the cliffs of Normandy and many other locations have been depicted in Didier's works.
"There were many places in the world where I'd never gone that I wished to photograph. I realized that they would not at all look like the images I had of them. Reality was different from my imagination. So I started building and photographing in a studio what I had in mind."
Artist spends months constructing his miniature worlds, thus the collection is only slowly growing in size. Massard started his career as a commercial photographer for fashion and cosmetic companies like Chanel, Hermes and others. After his first series of dioramas, titled "Imaginary Journeys", his work was acknowledged and now Didier works exclusively on his personal projects. His work is currently on display at Kopeikin Gallery in Los Angeles until August 23.


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Ramiro M. Pillco, 38, was arraigned before East Hampton Town Justice Catherine A. Cahill on June 14 on four counts of rape by forcible compulsion, a felony, after he allegedly had sexual relations with a girl under the age of 17.
East Hampton Town police reported only that the incidents had occurred in East Hampton Town. Detective Lt. Chris Anderson said that "due to the sensitive nature of the investigation," the name of the girl is being withheld, as is information pertaining to the alleged perpetrator such as his home address.
The girl told police on June 13 that she had been raped on five separate occasions over the past few months, according to a report. After visiting the scene of the alleged crime and collecting evidence, police conducted interviews with both the victim and Mr. Pillco, at which time he admitted to having had sexual relations with the girl on several occasions, they said. Police subsequently obtained a sworn written confession from him.
In addition to the rape charges, Mr. Pillco was charged with a criminal sex act, which is also a felony, and five counts of having acted in a manner injurious to a child, a misdemeanor. Bail was set at $1 million, and he was taken to the Suffolk County jail in Riverside.
An official with Child Protective Services is seeking an order of protection from Family Court. In the meantime, Justice Cahill issued a so-called "stay away" order on the alleged victim's behalf.
Mr. Pillco had been unable to post bail as of Tuesday.


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Consensus Report
Ecological Impacts of Climate Change (2008)Board on Life Sciences
Each report is produced by a committee of experts selected by the Academy to address a particular statement of task and is subject to a rigorous, independent peer review; while the reports represent views of the committee, they also are endorsed by the Academy. Learn more on our expert consensus reports.
Life on Earth is profoundly affected by the planet's climate. Animals, plants, and other living beings are moving, adapting, and in some cases dying as a result of climate change, affecting not only individual species but the ecosystems on which humans depend. At the request of the United States Geological Survey, the National Research Council convened an expert committee to identify examples of ecological impacts of climate change to serve as the basis for an educational booklet for a public audience. This booklet explains, in lay terms, basic scientific concepts about climate change, ecological changes that have already been observed or are anticipated to occur in the near future, and how humans may influence the effects of climate change on ecosystems.
Key Messages
- Changes in temerature, especially when combined with changes in precipitation, can have indirect effects as well.
- Changes in temperature affect ecosystem directly. The date when some plants bloom is occuring earlier in response to warmer temperature and earlier springs.
- Climate change can impact ecosystems in many ways.
- Climate change is not the only way humans are affecting ecosystems.
- Currently plants and animals are responding to rapid climate change while simultaneously coping with other human-created stresses such as habitat loss and fragmentation due to development, pollution, invasive species, and overharvesting.
- Data on ecosystem responses to disturbances in the past can provide valuable information about likely responses to current and future climate change.
- Earth's ecosystems are generally resilient to some range of changes in climate.
- Ecosystems can adjust to change-over time.
- Extreme temperature, both hot and cold, can be important causes of mortality.
- One of the big concerns about the future is that climate changes in some places may be too fast for organisms to respond in the ways that helped sustain ecosystem services in response to natural changes in past.


text:
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text:
1. easing - noun
· a change for the better
Synonym(s): moderation, relief
Hypernym(s): change, alteration, modification
2. easing - noun
· the act of reducing something unpleasant (as pain or annoyance); "he asked the nurse for relief from the constant pain"
Synonym(s): easement, alleviation, relief
Hypernym(s): decrease, diminution, reduction, step-down
3. ease - verb
· move gently or carefully; "He eased himself into the chair"
Hypernym(s): travel, go, move, locomote
4. ease - verb
· lessen pain or discomfort; alleviate; "ease the pain in your legs"
Synonym(s): comfort
Hypernym(s): relieve, alleviate, palliate, assuage
5. ease - verb
· make easier; "you could facilitate the process by sharing your knowledge"
Synonym(s): facilitate, alleviate
Hypernym(s): help, assist, aid
6. ease - verb
· lessen the intensity of or calm; "The news eased my conscience"; "still the fears"
Synonym(s): still, allay, relieve
Hypernym(s): comfort, soothe, console, solace
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Unscramble.net is the free tool to unscramble letters and words for games like Text Twist, Words with Friends, Scrabble, Word Scraper, and of course the ever popular Jumble newspaper puzzle. It is also great for homework problems that frustrate many parents and students. Unscramble.net provides one and two word unscramble solutions from its extensive 280,000 word list that includes technical, medical and slang words. There is no limit to the number of letters entered for one word unscrambles and the site also provides for rhyming words and dictionary definitions for many of the unscrambled words. Two word unscramble results are provided in two formats for easy comprehension by the user. There is no limit to the number of word combinations provided whether for one or two word unscramble solution sets.
The site is mobile friendly and fully https/tls security compliant. Fast and easy, unscramble.net provides the most accurate and complete word, letter and anagram solutions available. Trust the oldest and most reliable unscramble tool on the net. Word lists are constantly being updated from reliable sources. Android and iOS apps are coming soon.


text:
Alert 2007-9
Subject: Fraudulent E-mails
Date: February 23, 2007
Description: Fraudulent E-mails Purportedly from the FDIC or VeriSign, Inc.
Fraudulent E-mails Claiming to be from the FDIC or VeriSign and Requesting Recipients to Run a "Security Guard Script"
To: Chief Executive Officers of All National Banks; All State Banking Authorities; Chairman, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Conference of State Bank Supervisors; Deputy Comptrollers (districts); Assistant Deputy Comptrollers; District Counsel and Examining Personnel
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) has been informed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) that fraudulent e-mails claiming to be from the FDIC or VeriSign are in circulation. The e-mails request recipients to run a "security guard script" to secure Web sites. Currently, the e-mails are purportedly from "FDIC Legal Information Technology," "FDIC Information Security," or "Verisign Inc." and the subject lines include the phrase "Regular Security Maintenance" or "Regular Hosting Security Maintenance." The e-mails are fraudulent and were not sent by the FDIC or VeriSign, Inc.
The fraudulent e-mails state: "to secure your websites, please use the attached file and (for UNIX/Linux Based servers) upload the file "vprotect.php" in: "./public_html" or (for Windows Based servers) in: "./wwwroot" in your site." The e-mails also provide instructions for recipients who "do not know how to use" the file.
The FDIC is working with the United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team to determine the exact effects of the executable file. Recipients should consider this file to be a malicious attempt to collect personal or confidential information. Financial institutions and consumers should NOT download the executable file attached to the e-mails. Consumers and financial institutions should report any similar situations by contacting the FDIC's Cyber-Fraud and Financial Crimes Section.
Any information or questions that you may have concerning this matter should be brought to the attention of:
Mail: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Additional information concerning this matter that you believe should be brought to the attention of the OCC may be forwarded to:
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Photos and captions by Tim Zimmerman
This past weekend Lib Tech held their annual Downtown Throwdown in beautiful Minneapolis, Minnesota. In past the Downtown Throwdown was held in Seattle, and San Francisco, but this year it was time for a change. The powers that be put their thinking caps on and came up with hosting it in Minneapolis, and what better city to host the event than the city where the majority of the new rail riders live. Everyone came out to ride. Riders like Jonas Michilot, Jake OE, Ryan Paul, and Jesse Paul all came out to ride some of Snowboy Productions infamous steel.
At the end of the day the results were as follows:
2. Nial Romanek
3. Aidan Flanagan
4. Ted Borland
Check out the photo gallery above to see all the action that you missed by not going to the Lib Tech Downtown Throwdown.


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Lamists (also called Galenists after their leader Galenus Abrahamsz de Haan) was the name of the group of 1,500 left in the Mennonite church at Amsterdam after Samuel Apostool in consequence of the Lammerenkrijgh separated from the Flemish "bij 't Lam" group in 1664 with 500 members, and met for worship in a house with a gable sign "to the sun." Hence the Apostool group were known as Zonists. The division extended to almost all the Mennonites of Holland. In the new names, Lamist and Zonist, the old distinctions between Flemish, Frisian, etc., were swallowed up. The Lamist, the more liberal wing, was the larger. Three centuries later one can still see on the weather vane on many a Dutch Mennonite church a sketch of a lamb. By the end of the 18th century the gulf between the Zonists and Lamists was largely bridged over. At the beginning of the 19th century union was achieved everywhere. Nevertheless throughout the 19th century traces of the division were still perceptible.
Hege, Christian and Christian Neff. Mennonitisches Lexikon, 4 vols. Frankfurt & Weierhof: Hege; Karlsruhe: Schneider, 1913-1967: v. II, 606.
|Nanne van der Zijpp
|Date Published
Cite This Article
MLA style
Zijpp, Nanne van der. "Lamists." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1959. Web. 25 Apr 2019. http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Lamists&oldid=144273.
APA style
Zijpp, Nanne van der. (1959). Lamists. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 25 April 2019, from http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Lamists&oldid=144273.
©1996-2019 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.


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Tomorrow is Veteran's Day. In honor of my father the veteran, I have a scanned a handwritten document my father created during his World War II experiences. This is a list of his missions from July 13 through November 11, 1944. It will be 67 years ago tomorrow that the he had completed these missions with the rest of his Bomb Squad. What brave men! Click an image to enlarge it or download it. Give a vet some love tomorrow while you're at it.
96th Bomb Squadron
November 10, 2011
Veteran's DayPosted by Donna Mierzejewski-McManus under 2nd Bomb Group, 49th Bomb Squadron, 96th Bomb Squadron, Mierzejewski | Tags: 2nd Bomb Group, 49th Bomb Squad, 96th Bomb Squad, Mierzejewski |
1 Comment
August 16, 2010
MacDill Field June 10, 1944 Crew 221Posted by Donna Mierzejewski-McManus under 2nd Bomb Group, 49th Bomb Squadron, 96th Bomb Squadron, Casey, Mierzejewski, Peck, Ramsey, Ratje, Reynolds, Strickland, Tague, Vaughn | Tags: 2nd Bomb Group, Mierzejewski |
Leave a Comment
I have a photo of my father while he was in training at MacDill in 1944. What makes this photo special is that my father actually wrote the names of the men in his crew on the back.
Here is the photo, taken June 10, 1944.
Here is a scan of the legend. The legend is transcribed below the image.
MacDill Field, June 10, 1944
Crew 221
June 10, 1944
Top Row
Left to Right
Pilot Flight Officer Ramsey, California
Co-Pilot Flight Officer Vaughn, New York
Navigator Flight Officer Peck, Pennsylvania
Commander Flight Officer Strickland, Virginia
Engineer Sgt. Tague, Chicago, Ill.
Bottom Row, Kneeling
Assit. Engineer Cpl. Reynolds, Waist Gunner, Oklahom
Radio Operator Sgt. Barth, Pennsylvania
Me (Edward Mierzejewski), Ball Turret Gunner, Ohio
Armourer Sgt Casey, Waist Gunner, New York
Assit. Armourer Sgt. Ratje, Tail Gunner, California
Perhaps a family member or friend of these men may find this picture of interest to them.
My father was a member of the 49th and 96th Bomb Squadrons. For more information: http://www.2ndbombgroup.org/


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People in the OECD
Career Opportunities
Please be advised that this website provides the authorised means to apply for jobs at the OECD; other advertised methods for applying for jobs at the OECD should be regarded as potentially fraudulent (especially if they charge a fee as part of the recruitment process, which the OECD never does). If you become aware of any such activity, please send an e-mail with the details to email@example.com. The OECD may occasionally use the services of other websites or recruitment services to promote vacancies available through this website and to identify potential candidates. If you wish to confirm the validity of such services, please send an e-mail to email@example.com.


text:
Adventures of the Hokkaido Bush PigBy The Hokkaido Bush Pig
The Pigs Christmas Wish List
The season of merry and cheer is nearly here, and it is time to make my wish list for the man in the red suit and the long white beard. Nothing puts a smile on The Bush Pig's face on Christmas Day faster than some brand new outdoor gear.
For me, the start of the winter season means one thing—winter camping. This Pig loves to be out in the middle of nowhere, sitting outside the tent with a cup of hot sake in hand, looking up at a clear winter sky. What else could you ask for? Well, maybe some new gear. Here's my wish list. I hope Santa (or my wife) reads this, and there might be a thing or two you've been wishing for too…
1. New 4 Season Tent
Being a Kiwi, I've always wanted a Macpac tent because, in my opinion, you just can't find anything better. Unfortunately, you can't buy them here, so my next choice would be the Marmot Thor Tent. I know a couple of people who use it, and they just love this tent in winter. If you can't get Macpac, go Marmot.
Maker: Marmot. Type: Thor Tent. Web: www.marmot.com
2. New 4-Season Down Seeping Bag
One thing you may or may not know is pigs really feel the cold—especially this one. If you want to stay warm on minus-30 and below Hokkaido winter nights, go with a Marmot 800 fill down bag.
Maker: Marmot
Type: CWM EQ -40
Web: www.marmot.com
3. New Backpack
All my friends in New Zealand use nothing but Macpac backpacks so, when I tell them I don't have one in Japan, they think I'm absolutely nuts. I just found out you can get them here, so this is definitely on the wish list.
Maker: Macpac
Type: Glissade
Web: www.goldwin.co.jp/macpac/ or www.macpac.co.nz
4. New 4-Season (long) Sleeping Pad
I know pigs love to sleep in mud and, believe me, this Pig has no problem getting muddy, but it is time to step up on the comfort scale.
Maker: Therm-a-Rest.
Type: ProLite 4
Web: www.thermarest.com
5. New GPS and Personal Locator Beacon
The Pig's a bit old-school, so it's time I caught up with the times and had a new toy with which to play. This gadget is a GPS and Personal Locator Beacon all-in-one unit. I love it when you buy one and get two. It almost makes you want to get lost! Also check out the brand new smaller model too, the MicroFix 406.
Maker: ACR Electronics
Type: ACR TerraFix 406
Web: www.acrterrafix.com
6. New Sunglasses
I had a pair of these last year and never went anywhere with out them. They were the best sunglasses I have ever owned, but I lost them snowmobiling last year, and life just hasn't been the same since. The Pig has to look cool when he heads outdoors—or he wouldn't be The Pig.
Maker: Carrera
Type: Kobra Comp
Web: www.carrerasport.com
Wanna reach out and touch The Pig? Contact him at www.hokkaidohikes.com, the home of The Hokkaido Bush Pig.


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20 Steps to Printer Security
20 Steps to Printer Security
Printers, particularly multi-function printers, are more and more a security concern, partly because of government regulations (for health information, for example) and partly because most companies simply want to keep data private. Printers can compromis
20 Steps to Printer Security - 1. Overwrite the Hard Disk at End of Life
Printers with hard drives typically store data on the drive whenever they print, scan, fax or copy. In many cases they store additional data as well. When its time to say goodbye to the printer, youll ideally want an option to overwrite the entire drive
20 Steps to Printer Security - 2. Overwrite Data Immediately
Sometimes its not enough to overwrite data at the printers end of life, since sensitive information can be stored on the drive at any time. To protect data from individual jobs, the printer should overwrite immediately after printing, scanning, copying,
20 Steps to Printer Security - 3. Encrypt the Drive
Even if the printer overwrites data after every job, it may have additional information stored on it for easy reprinting, faxing or e-mailing. If you consider the stored information sensitive, youll ideally want to encrypt the drive with an administrator
20 Steps to Printer Security - 4. Encrypt It -- Really
All encryption schemes are not equal. If youre concerned enough to encrypt the drive, make sure the printer offers an appropriate level of encryption security. Some encryption schemes (like the ones on Microsoft Word documents) are easy to break with off
20 Steps to Printer Security - 5. Print from Memory
Some printers let you bypass the hard disk and specify to print entirely from RAM (random access memory). This may slow some print jobs down significantly, but because these jobs never go to the hard disk, theres no data left on the hard disk to worry a
20 Steps to Printer Security - 6. Secure Print, with Passwords
Probably the most common security feature for printers, secure printing lets you send a job to the printer then go to the printer and enter a password to print it. Unless you walk away at that point, this avoids the possibility of leaving sen
20 Steps to Printer Security - 7. Securer Print, with Cards
Security experts generally agree that smart cards offer better security than passwords, which often get written down someplace where others can read them. You might want to consider printers that control their secure-print feature with a smar
20 Steps to Printer Security - 8. Securer Print 2: Biometrics
Another alternative to passwords is biometric devices, which often mean a fingerprint reader. However, fingerprints can be faked, and many people are uncomfortable at having their fingerprints stored. At least one company -- Konica Minolta --
20 Steps to Printer Security - 9. Securest Print
Requiring a password, card or biometric authentication are all good ideas, but you can get even better security with two, or even three levels of authentication: Something you know (the password), something you have (a card) and something you
20 Steps to Printer Security - 10. Secure Everything Else
For MFPs, consider the need for user authentication for other functions besides printing. Scanning, e-mailing, copying and faxing are all potential paths for sensitive information to go astray.
20 Steps to Printer Security - 11. Timeout the User
On those occasions when someone prints a secure job or copies a document and then walks away without remembering to log out, you dont want someone else reprinting the document. Look for a timeout feature, with a setting the administrator can
20 Steps to Printer Security - 12. Turn Off the Reprint Command
An even surer way to protect against someone reprinting files is to turn off the printers reprint command, if you can, or get a printer that doesnt include a reprint feature.
20 Steps to Printer Security - 13. Timeout on Secure Print Jobs
You can safely bet that someone will occasionally print with secure print, get sidetracked and forget to actually print. For those times, you may want a feature that will delete unprinted secure print jobs after a designated time period.
20 Steps to Printer Security - 14. Scan Encryption
MFPs may deliver scanned documents for internal use to an internal FTP site, directly to a designated PC or by sending them as e-mail attachments. To protect sensitive information in any of these cases, look for a feature that scans and sends
20 Steps to Printer Security - 15. Unauthorized Copy Control
Some printers will let you add a hidden security watermark on printed documents. The watermark doesnt show on the original, but will show up if the document is copied. This can help to discourage unauthorized copying, simply by making clear
20 Steps to Printer Security - 16. Secure Mailbox Print
Some MFPs let users store print jobs or scanned documents they need repeatedly in whats usually called a mailbox on the printers hard drive. Consider whether you want to require a password or other user authentication before storing a file in
20 Steps to Printer Security - 17. E-mail and Fax Destinations
For MFPs that can scan and e-mail, being able to both define a list of destination addresses for a user to choose from and prevent users from adding an address from the front panel ensures that information can go only to a controlled list of
20 Steps to Printer Security - 18. Who Sent the E-mail
When sending an e-mail from an MFPs front panel, some MFPs will automatically enter the e-mail address for the user whos logged in at the MFP and prevent the user from changing the address. This stops users from sending e-mail that seems to
20 Steps to Printer Security - 19. Tracking and Activity Logs
Account tracking features, complete with logs that show each job, automatically document who printed, scanned, faxed, copied or e-mailed what and when. Usually, this kind of information is used for internal billing or the like, but it can als
20 Steps to Printer Security - 20. Virus Protection
Some printers use a common OS (operating system) like some flavor of Windows, making them vulnerable to viruses. Others use embedded, proprietary operating systems that make them a lot safer. Find out what the OS is. If its something vulnerabl
20 Steps to Printer Security - See More Slideshows Like This One
Channel Products of the Year 20 Printer Features that Should Be Standard


text:
Addressing Our Looming Climate Bankruptcy
By Frank Lowenstein and Evan Girvetz, The Nature Conservancy
The economic crash of 2008 motivated many of us to pay closer attention to our finances, and we are beginning to see the benefits: Americans' savings rates have increased roughly fourfold since the record low of 2005; debt-to-income ratios are down 22 percent since late 2007. This makes good common sense. None of us want to join the wave of millions of Americans who have had to file for bankruptcy as their personal finances collapsed in the face of unexpected stresses – loss of a job, collapse of a home's value, decline in stock prices. Sometimes bankruptcy came when stresses piled on, as when the loss of a job deprived a family of health insurance and then a medical emergency hit.
The financial crisis took most of us by surprise, even though economists and experts in the banking industry had been warning of looming disaster for months or even years.
Just as unsustainable debts, freewheeling lending practices and ignored financial warnings led up to the economic meltdown of 2008, so too as a nation we have ignored warnings of climate change's impacts. But this latest season of heat and drought is driving home to many of us that in order to protect our families from needless impacts, we need to take steps to avoid looming climate bankruptcy.
Much as people spent freely from savings and allowed their personal debt to climb in the early 2000s, as a society we are rapidly depleting carbon stored in our forests and in deposits of coal and other fossil fuels underground. By releasing too much carbon dioxide into the air, we are tipping the atmosphere's balance sheets into the red — causing our air, lands and waters to heat up. July was the hottest month ever in U.S. history; triple-digit temperatures have been common across the West and the Southeast.
And that heat is more than just uncomfortable — it threatens the lands and waters we depend on and disrupts our economy and our lives.
Last month, the Des Moines River in Iowa hit 97 degrees and tens of thousands of fish died. Temperatures in a 2,500-acre lake that cools a nuclear power plant in Illinois surpassed 100 degrees, threatening the ability of the plant to keep operating. Corn and soy yields are down and food prices likely headed up as excessive heat has baked the soils of the Midwest. Barges are grinding to a halt on rivers too low to move them. Extraordinary forest fires in the American West have been blazing since June. And high school football players in Georgia are finding their practices curtailed — it's just too hot to play safely.
This is what climate bankruptcy looks like: charred homes from fires in Colorado; suffering in stifling, power-less homes across the East; barren fields in the parched, baked breadbasket of the Midwest. And new research from NASA scientists documents what most Americans already realize: that climate change is the only credible explanation for the extreme, destructive heat waves we have experienced around the world over the past decade.
And as we see the impacts of excessive heat on of power production, food and water, it becomes increasingly clear that the more CO2 we pump into the atmosphere, the more changes we'll need to make in our lives to stave off disaster and discomfort.
So what should we do to keep ourselves out of climate bankruptcy?
First, we need to reduce our personal and national carbon emissions. We are making progress: Carbon emissions in the United States are down 7% from 2007 to 2011 as utilities shift from coal to cleaner-burning natural gas, consumers buy more efficient cars, and businesses realize that saving energy saves money. But we can and must do much more, starting with putting a price on carbon and pursuing other societal incentives (such as new fuel efficiency standards) to reduce carbon pollution from all sectors of our economies. California has led the way, with laws that sharply drive down that state's carbon emissions through 2050, and analyses published in Science showed that the economic costs of those policies will be modest.
Individual actions can also make a difference. You can get ideas to address your own carbon habits and contribute to collective belt-tightening, by visiting The Nature Conservancy's Carbon Footprint Calculator.
Beyond that, our cities and communities need to be prepared for the "new normals" we are already experiencing. To that end, many large cities — Chicago, Boston and New York, for example — have developed climate adaptation plans. Get in touch with your municipal officials to find out what they are doing to plan, and how you can help.
And then there's making your own plans to adapt. Sarene Marshall suggested in a recent post that climate change may require us to adjust the timing of family activities — whether that's to consider a September vacation instead of one in July, or swapping your lunchtime tennis game for a night-time one under the lights.
As the recent heat and the latest science both make clear, we need to move quickly to adjust our use of carbon. Otherwise, the adjustments we'll need to make in our lives and our economy to cope with climate bankruptcy will make those needed to prevent it look trivial.
Photo credit: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources via Flickr/Creative Commons
Frank Lowenstein is Climate Adaptation Strategy Leader for The Nature Conservancy.
Evan Girvetz is Senior Scientist for The Nature Conservancy's Global Climate Change Program.


text:
Ringline zei …
Hello jen geplaatst ·6 maanden geleden
|meer jennifer aniston enquêtes >>
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Jennifer Aniston was named the 72nd ranked Sexiest Woman Alive door Smartasses.Net on Thursday, March 17th 2011, when the online men's magazine revealed their everpopular who's who of the hottest women on the planet. 2011 marked the sixth annual jaar for the increasingly populair Smartasses top, boven 100 Sexiest Women List, which comes out every St. Patrick's Day, to coincide with March Madness. For Aniston, surprisingly it was her first jaar on the list. For more, visit Smartasses.Net.
Jennifer Aniston Goes Goree
March 14, 2011 5:49 PM
door Cristina Saavedra
Jennifer Aniston is set to ster in a movie project about the 1940's western band, The Goree Girls. While promoting her new perfume line in Mexico City, she called the band, which formed in a Texas prison, the "Dixie Chicks of their time."
The musical film, which diverts in genre from Aniston's usual romantic comedies, tells the story of an all-female country group that formed out of Goree State Farm Penitentiary in the 1940's. The eight women that comprised The Goree Girls...
First of all, The Bounty Hunter isn't one of Jen's best movies, i'll admit but in no way whatsoever did she deserve a Razzie nomination for it!
The film revolves around Aniston's character Nicole and Gerard Butler's character of Milo. When Nicole skips bail Milo is sent to bring her in, and Nicole is actually Milo's ex-wife so he's estatic but Nicole is pretty fiesty herself and is on the verge of cracking a murder case. With Milo's help they crack the case and put their relationship back together.
I am a big fan of Jennifer Aniston and the truth.I will be writting a blog of the latest news of Jen. For those who are her fans whos parents wount let the door the latest magazines read my blog. JENS SHOCKING TWIST Jennifer Aniston is the ster all people wondering how she got over her hot ex husband BRAD PITT. Im here to tell u that story is false.If it were ture and she was over him why would she have secret dates with him,text him nonstop, video chat just to see each others faces. Sounds like love to me. In Angelinas head...
Jennifer Aniston made it very clear that she and on/off beau John Mayer are very much together as the pair strolled arm-in-arm, in a rare public display of affection in New York last night.
Smiling broadly as she snuggled up to her musician beau, the couple - both dressed in matching blue jeans and black jackets - strolled back to the 31-year-old's New York home pagina after enjoying a avondeten, diner datum with friends.
The 39-year-old actress looked every inch a woman in love as she enjoyed a break from promotional duties for new film Marley & Me.
beroemdheden have far-reaching and glamorous ways of exacting revenge on their ex-partners. They do it in the pages of glossy fashion magazines and in interviews with Vanity Fair. volgende month's W magazine features link and her co-star in her latest film The Bounty Hunter, Gerard Butler, posing as a couple on the cover and a fashion spread inside.
The photographer for the shoot is Steven Klein, who back in July 2005 also shot Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie...
Mon, Jun 22 10:46 PM
London, June 22 (IANS) Despite a much publicised breakup early this year, former 'Friends' ster Jennifer Aniston has been sending perfumed notes to ex-beau John Mayer.
The actress, who spleet, split from the singer in April, is reportedly struggling to get over her old flame and has good luck messages delivered to the musician's dressing room before he performs, reports imdb.com.
'Jennifer sent John a hand-delivered perfumed note before one of his concerts recently. It read, 'Play well, u always do'. It was sweet. Clearly she doesn't want to let...
Lacey Rose, Forbes.com
The tabloids have long pitted Brad Pitt's ex-wife Jennifer Aniston against his current lover Angelina Jolie, with everything from their fashion sense to their eating habits up for comparison and debate.
But when it comes to a tangible measure of Hollywood success--money--the glossies steer clear. And on that score, Jolie's the winner--by $2 million.
In Pictures: Inside Hollywood's Hottest Rivalries
Most Powerful Personalities And Talking Heads
Oh my God. I've become my father. I've been trying so hard not to become my mother, I didn't see this coming.
Just so u know, it's not that common, it doesn't happen to every guy and it is a big deal!
Joey: hallo check it out. Ugly Naked Guy's got a naked friend. Rachel: O mi god. That's our friend. It's naked Ross.
Chandler: hallo Rachel did u mind when Ross flirted with other people when u were together Rachel: No, no i minded when he slept with other people
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Graphical Modeling Framework/Tutorial/Part 4
In this fourth part of the GMF Tutorial, we will begin to explore alternative generation options; namely, the lite runtime option and targeting RCP.
Please note that this portion of the tutorial was created using the 2.0 development stream codebase, just prior to the M2 release. Things may vary, so you may find inaccuracies contained here. If you do, remember... this is a wiki ;) Your help in maintaining, correcting, expanding, etc. the content here is most welcome (as are posts to the newsgroup and bugzilla, actually).
Lite Runtime Generation to RCP
Let's begin with a new workspace to keep things isolated from the main tutorial a bit. This also eases maintenance of the tutorial content. We will begin by generating the EMF code for an RCP application. Your EMF .genmodel settings will be picked up by the GMF generator, in this case.
GMF Dashboard View
First, let's create a new org.eclipse.gmf.examples.mindmap GMF Project and keep the option to use the dashboard view this time. Below is an image of the dashboard view we will use to work through the flow of producing a GMF-based editor. As you can see, it invokes actions for many of the steps we routinely use in GMF-based development, but all from a single location.
Generating EMF for RCP
First, let's obtain our same mindmap.xsd model from the main tutorial as the input. Copy this file to your project's model folder.
Using the dashboard view's 'Select' link in the Domain Model section, locate your mindmap.xsd file. To produce an .ecore and a .genmodel from the xsd, select the 'Derive' link between Domain Model and Domain Gen Model. This will launch the New EMF Model wizard. Work your way through the dialogs and accept the defaults to Finish.
In the opened editor, view the properties of the root 'Mindmap' element. Within the Editor category, select 'true' for the Rich Client Platform property. This will be picked up by our GMF generator later. Expand the root in the editor and change the 'Base Package Name' property of the 'Mindmap' package to 'org.eclipse.gmf.examples' and save the model. Right-click the root and generate your Model, Edit, and Editor (if desired) code. You can run it now, if you wish by creating a new Eclipse Application runtime configuration and selecting 'Run an application' with your org.eclipse.gmf.examples.mindmap.editor.MindmapEditorAdvisorApplication class as the Program to Run.


text:
PSA Exhibitions Services
✉ Brian Magor, APSA, MPSA, EFIAP/b·
|Exhibitions, formerly called Salons, offer an opportunity for photographers to exhibit their work with other photographers from around the world. Images that are accepted into exhibitions can be used to earn Star Ratings and ultimately PSA ROPA distinctions.
NOTE: Contact the Exhibitions Standards chair at firstname.lastname@example.com and the Ethics Review Advisor at email@example.com if you suspect any sanctionable infractions in exhibitions/salons.
Attention all PSA Exhibitors - Change in FIAP Rules beginning in 2018
The FEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DE L'ART PHOTOGRAPHIQUE (FIAP) has recently instituted a rule regarding retitling of color and monochrome images. This change in rule will affect any exhibitor entering an exhibition with FIAP patronage beginning in 2018.
In a FIAP document entitled SANCTIONS FOR BREACHING FIAP REGULATIONS AND "RED LIST," the following statement is found:
Re-titling previously accepted images. Sanctions for "re-titling" will be imposed for instances where a previously accepted image or print has been given a different title and/or where a Colour version and a Monochrome version and/or a Print version and a Projected Digital Image version of the same image have been given different titles.
You may interpret this to mean that a monochrome image and a color image from the same capture are considered the same image and must have the same title. At present, if you are entering a PSA-recognized exhibition, you are permitted to retitle a color to monochrome conversion. But be careful, do not enter this image in a FIAP patronized exhibition.
Elena McTighe, FPSA, MPSA
PSA President.
Enter an Exhibition
Host an Exhibition
Apply for Star Ratings and Recognition of Photographic Achievement (ROPA)
Who's Who in Photography
PSA publishes an annual Who's Who in Photography, a compilation of the accepted images from PSA-recognized International Exhibitions of Photography. A print version is sent with the May or June printed PSA Journal, or it can be downloaded from the website.


text:
Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
Benitez relishes hectic trophy hunt
Rafael Benitez would much rather deal with the challenge of five games in a 13-day period that could define Chelsea's season than be at home watching other teams chasing trophies on television.
Chelsea launch a hectic fortnight when they tackle Southampton in the Barclays Premier League on Saturday before hosting Manchester United in an FA Cup quarter-final replay at lunchtime on Monday. Benitez will then switch his attention to the first leg of Chelsea's Europa League quarter-final against Rubin Kazan, with the second leg to follow in Russia on April 11 after a league clash with Sunderland.
It is a gruelling schedule, but Benitez said: "It is better to have this problem than be at home watching it on the telly. It is better to have this schedule because it means you are still competing."
He added: "With a top side, the last month in the season is when you fight for trophies. We are still there and it is a positive. At this stage of the competition you have to win and then you can win trophies. It has to be now, in this period."
John Terry was one of only five Chelsea players who trained at the club during the international break, following his retirement from England duty.
Benitez confirmed the break had been beneficial for Terry, breaking the "vicious circle" the Chelsea captain had found himself in after injuring his right knee in February.
Terry has been unable to play consistently for Chelsea but Benitez believes he made a step forward over the last week.
"He was training with us this week and he was doing well. He is training every day and improving his fitness," Benitez said.
"It is just a question of how many games can you play? We will have four games in nine days. It is the same for everyone. You can't play all these games and be 100 per cent - not just him, everyone.
"We have to ensure we have a competitive team against Southampton and a competitive team against United. We have to manage the squad carefully. The most difficult one will be these two games (coming up) because they are so close."


text:
Part Number: A7C15-06
Dual Vee - Tracks without Mounting Holes - Steel
Item DetailsRefer to diagram further down page
Overall Length (L): 1824 mm
(1824 mm = 71.8110 inch)
Overall Width (F): 1.524 mm
(1.524 mm = 0.0600 inch)
Height (H): 13.11 / 4.01 mm
(13.11 / 4.01 mm = 0.5161 inch)
Type: Double Edged
Base Width: 3.048 mm
(3.048 mm = 0.1200 inch)
Top Height (MDT): 4.01 mm
(4.01 mm = 0.1579 inch)
Overhang (J): 0.838 mm
(0.838 mm = 0.0330 inch)
AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
Unhardened Rc 22-25
*** Backorder Now ***
Available in 28 to 35 days after order
Picture is indicative only
Category Details
Dual Vee > Tracks without Mounting Holes > Steel
Vee guide rails for vee grooved track roller guide wheels.
Match Track Size with same size Guide Wheel.
Related Information:
General Information
Engineering Notes
Guide Wheels to Suit
Part Code: A7C15-06
*** Backorder Now ***
Available in 28 to 35 days after order
Online Prices (Each)Phone order and distributor prices may differ
(A$ 246.25 incl. GST) ** Backorder **
Recommended Retail Price
(A$ 22265.10 incl. GST) ** Backorder **
GST is a tax that applies to all deliveries within Australia. The GST price will not apply to international orders.
Diagram for A7C15-06
Other Things You Should Know
The information below answers some of the main questions about dealing with us. A more indepth Frequently Asked Questions Page is available if the summary below doesn't answer your question.
Pick Up: You may collect your order from our warehouse after you have been advised that the parcel is ready. Please bring a copy of your order.
Internet Orders: You don't need to provide credit card details when confirming your internet order. There are other payment options available at checkout. If you pay by credit card you can be assured that no credit card details are stored on the server.
Phone Orders and Payments: Phone orders can be placed with any of the MBA distributors listed at https://www.minibearings.com.au/distributors/. Credit card payments can be made by phoning during business hours on the payments line shown on your invoice. PayPal payments are made from the confirmation screen following your order submission. Alternatively you may process a PayPal payment afterwards by using the PAYMENTS page. When placing an order with a distributor by phone please ensure you have the part number and all of your details ready before calling. Distributor pricing may vary from website pricing.
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text: The Thule 480 Traverse Foot Pack is the best fitting foot for vehicles without a factory rack or rain gutters. Thule 480 Traverse replaces the Thule 400XT Aero foot, offering simplified installation and a stronger fit. Patented MaxClamp Technology provides the most secure fit possible for your vehicle Integrated AcuTight Tensioning Tool automatically indicates when the rack is correctly installed50% fewer parts plus the OneTouch Bar Lock ensures a simple, fast installation, usually in half the time of the competition Sold as a set of 4 feet Requires Thule Traverse Fit Kit and Thule square load bars to complete, both sold separately Certain vehicles with shorter roof lines require the Thule Traverse 487 short roof adapter, sold separately. Includes 4 Thule end caps Complete security with 4 Thule lock cylinders, sold separately


text:
Get ready for a second season of this popular reality show that pairs all of your favorite Asian celebrities in a pretend marriage. A spin-off of the popular Korean variety show "We Got Married," the global edition goes outside of Korea to match celebrities in a inter-cultural marriage and give them missions and challenges to complete each week as they live their lives as pretend newlyweds. In the second season, don't miss the pairing of Super Junior's Heechul with Taiwanese actress and singer Puff Guo, and SHINee's Key with Japanese model Arisa Yagi! And for all you die-hard fans of the reality series, you can now purchase merchandise of the show from the online shopping mall 5ivesense.com!
This show does not have any episodes


text:
The European Union is willing to deepen trade ties with China but wants to see concessions from Beijing first, documents seen by Reuters on Tuesday showed.
At the same time as EU regulators are ramping up trade pressure on Beijing by threatening duties on solar panels and telecoms equipment, Brussels is dangling the carrot of trade agreements before the Chinese.
Continue Reading Below
The European Commission is expected to adopt a mandate for negotiating an investment agreement with Beijing this month, but documents seen by Reuters show that a much more ambitious trade agreement could be considered afterwards if China plays ball.
A free trade agreement (FTA) could be looked at in future if China can "address the root causes for current market access obstacles and competition concerns", a draft document written by the EU's diplomatic service said.
The strategy document is an EU response to a proposal Beijing made before last year's EU-China summit, to deepen ties between the two powers in numerous areas. This draft agenda could then be agreed at this year's meeting between top leaders from China and Europe, expected in the autumn.
"Concluding an ambitious investment agreement as set out above would send a strong signal of this readiness and ability to deepen our relationship in an effective manner," it said.
The EU's bilateral investment pact with China, proposed last autumn, would cement EU rules giving Chinese markets open access, while seeking to open Chinese markets for EU businesses. A full FTA would go much deeper.
But the mere suggestion of a free-trade agreement with China has raised hackles in EU member countries such as France and Italy, which led objections to the strategy proposals at meetings of EU national trade experts last week, according to EU sources and documents.
Germany and other member states said the European Union should seek to conclude a partnership and cooperation agreement (PCA) with China, which the European Union launched in 2007 and remains stuck in talks, before examining an FTA.
Fredrik Erixon of Brussels-based think tank ECIPE said that the broad goals of the PCA, which dealt with a number of issues from nuclear power to cultural diversity, led to its stalling.
This was echoed in another EU document which said those negotiations "were stuck due to different levels of ambition on the two sides and no progress could be foreseen in the future".
The draft EU-China strategy proposal sets out numerous areas for cooperation from the environment to financial services.
Brussels would like to see Europe's green technology firms help Chinese cities to modernize, and to work together with China in Africa "with a particular focus on raw material and commodities".
The European Union also seeks an agreement on regulating export credits with China by 2014, and calls for better access for EU banks to China.
(Editing by Keiron Henderson)