text:
Wayne arrived upon the completion of the fort and conducted a dedication ceremony, thanking the soldiers for their work. Following the dedication Wayne departed with most of the soldiers for Fort Greenville, leaving two infantry companies and an artillery detachment as garrison. He cautioned the post commander, Captain Alexander Gibson, for keeping out "constant & proper patrols," and scouting the Indian villages.
The Indians took insult from the occupation of the St. Clair battlefield, ground that they considered sacred. If they allowed the presence of Fort Recovery and its garrison it showed a "loss of face," for their warriors. Besides, this fort moved the threat from the American soldiers even farther into the heart of their homeland. Miami emissaries journeyed great distances for securing alliances from other tribes against the hated Americans. Desperate, some demanded that the British support them directly with troops in the field.
While the Indians assembled an army for meeting the American army, Wayne pleaded for more troops. Bureaucratic "red tape" and congressional interference did not begin with the current war against terrorism. In the Army of General Wayne the Senate must approve all promotions for officers, ensuring that each state received its portion. Some of these promotions dated from February and March of 1793, hardly conducive for effective leadership of the Legion. Of course the Senate disapproved of many of Wayne's selections and selected their political favorites.
Congress did authorize an increase in numerical strength, just not for the Legion on the frontier. It approved a "Corps of Artillerists and Engineers" of four battalions for defending the eastern seaports. Concerned with the continuing war in Europe, and Royal Navy ships hovering outside American harbors, Congress authorized the fortification of our seaports. For reducing military expenditures Congress made this "corps" part of the authorized 5,000 for the Legion. This highlights another tradition of Congress, believing they know the nation's military needs better than commanders in the field.
When spring of 1794 arrived intelligence showed an increase in Indian activity, and British advances into American territory. Patrols around Fort Recovery captured several Indian scouts who provided valuable information of the assembling Indian army. The British constructed a new fort, Fort Miamis, on the Maumee River near modern Toledo, Ohio. Built on the site of a previous British fort abandoned in 1783, the British justified this reoccupation as a Detroit "dependency."
The massive Indian army of over 2,000 warriors began assembling at Grand Glaize in mid-June, 1794. They further demanded that all "white men either English or French residing among them or getting their livelihood through the Indian Trade…immediately join the Indian Army." Fourteen British officers from Detroit, dressed in frontier garb, joined these Indians as "observers" because the Indians gave them no choice.
Because food and provisions began running short from the increased number of Indians assembled, they moved toward Fort Recovery. As they traveled the large number required that they kill all the game in their path. This further created desperation as the Indians must replenish their scant supplies from the captured American fort. Therefore, they must capture the fort, or they and their families faced some very hard times.
Wayne experienced more good fortune as a detachment of Chickasaw and Choctaw joined him about this time. These tribes, enemies of the Miami for years, eagerly joined the Americans and scouted toward the Grand Glaize encampment. Forty-five Choctaw and ten white scouts encountered the advancing Indian army on June 26th. They retreated and on June 28th warned Wayne the Indians "in great force and advancing," with "a great number of white men."
Furthermore, on the evening of June 29th a mixed company of Chickasaw and Choctaw tried informing the Fort Recovery garrison of the Indian army. Unfortunately none of the Indians spoke English and tried using sign language for communication. Fortunately Captain Gibson prudently took precautions by sending out patrols; however they found nothing.
Outside the gates of Fort Recovery a supply convoy of about three hundred horses bivouacked overnight. They previously delivered supplies and prepared for their return trip for the safety of Fort Greenville. The previously mentioned Major McMahon commanded this convoy and the escort included over 150 troops. At seven o'clock on the morning of June 30th the soldiers and civilian contractors prepared for their return.
Suddenly shots rang out as the Indians attacked the unsuspecting train of packhorses causing a stampede. McMahon, mounted on a horse, tried forming his men for battle when he fell dead from a bullet wound in his neck. For once, the soldiers did not panic, although they withdrew hastily toward the fort against the overwhelming odds. Gibson even sent some of his men from the garrison as reinforcements for McMahon's men. These few men actually beat back the initial attack with their bayonets until forced back inside the fort.
The Indians surrounded the fort and used the cover of cut tree stumps for firing on the soldiers. Inside the fort the soldiers kept up a "galling fire," as an unnamed British officer recorded. The soldiers made good use of the recaptured artillery pieces, which proved a tremendous psychological weapon on the Indians. While most Indians willingly endured small arms fire, the artillery proved too much, without their own guns.
Ironically, the Indians expected the previously hidden cannon for use against the American fort. A British artillery detachment from Fort Miamis accompanied the Indians and brought with them several packhorses loaded with ammunition. Later reports stated that the Indians spent several hours unsuccessfully searching for the hidden guns. Fortunately for the Americans, Wayne specifically ordered the search for these guns during the construction of Fort Recovery.
The Indians lost the initiative and kept up a continual fire on the fort throughout the day. An unnamed British officer expressed his disgust with this tactic, and stated that it only "run up their own casualties." A further demoralizing fact, an unknown number of Chickasaw and Choctaw got behind the Miami confederacy and engaged them from the rear. With so many new tribes recently joining the Miami, they did not know each other and accused each other of fratricide.
Discouraged, the Miami tried one last surprise attack after dark, with no better results than during the day. A few warriors fired on the fort early the next morning with no enthusiasm and then fell back into the woods. Discouraged and running low on food the massive Indian army began breaking up and leaving the field. Several tribes concluded that they fulfilled their commitment for the alliance and went home. With their numbers significantly reduced by these departures, the other Indians went home. They suffered about forty killed and about one hundred wounded and left the field a demoralized force.
Inside the fort the soldiers and civilian contractors suffered nineteen killed, thirty wounded and three missing. Burial details sent outside the fort discovered the mutilated bodies of those killed during the initial assault. Despite their high casualties the men of Fort Recovery felt proud that they beat back this attack of a vastly superior force. Gibson sent Wayne a jubilant message on July 2nd announcing the victory.
Wayne immediately dispatched reinforcements and replenished the fort's supplies the next day. He also sent a congratulatory message for the troops and lamented those lost during the battle. When Wayne visited the fort about one month later he personally thanked every soldier present. The momentum changed, the soldiers withstood almost impossible odds and defeated the vaunted Miami Confederacy.
News of the victory spread quickly on the frontier and made Independence Day celebrations even more exuberant. In Cincinnati the public toast included the names of the officers killed at Fort Recovery. Western settlers, previously scornful of the federal government, jubilantly toasted "Washington, Congress, cabinet officers and foreign ministers, and American women." Others toasted Wayne, the Legion and "the heads of the various staff departments." In Kentucky they toasted the Kentucky volunteers, even though they did not participate in this battle.
Scott's Kentuckians began assembling at Fort Washington in late May and departed for Fort Greenville on July 20th. They began arriving at Fort Greenville on July 25th and the Legion prepared for movement into Indian country. The Legion left at eight o'clock on the morning of July 28th amid a flurry of drums, fifes and bugle calls.
Once the Legion passed Fort Recovery they must cut their own road through the wilderness, which significantly slowed their march. It further required the detachment of "pioneers," men selected from each company and armed with axes. In those days no "combat engineers" existed forcing the use of detailed soldiers, or hired civilian employees. Wayne ordered the building of a road thirty feet wide, which required significant labor, and frequent rotation of these "pioneers."
The Legion continued advancing using all the security measures that Wayne required, including fortified bivouac sites at night. Indian scouts still lurked around the column looking for opportunities for picking off stragglers or stray horses. However, no one straggled and no animals wandered loose, under threat of summary execution. Wayne further ordered the construction of forts at strategic locations along the route, each requiring a garrison.
As the column advanced an incident occurred that jeopardized the success of the expedition, the disappearance of Robert Newman. Newman, a hired surveyor, left camp telling the guards that he departed under the orders of Quartermaster O'Hara. Tracked by Wells himself, the scout captain found where Newman fell into the hands of about four Indians. O'Hara emphatically denied giving Newman such orders, and Wells found no sign of struggle, making Newman at least a deserter. Wayne quickly denounced Newman as a "villain" and capable of giving the enemy "every information in his power" regarding the Legion.
Other officers in the Legion expressed divided opinions regarding Newman's disappearance, and many believed him a British spy. Historical sources differ on Newman's status and the first British source labeled him a "deserter" when he reached Grand Glaize. When he arrived at Detroit the British believed him an American spy sent "to deceive" them. They based this on their experiences with other "deserters" sent among them for gathering intelligence.
Newman eventually saw Canada's lieutenant governor, John Simcoe, the former commander of the Loyalist Queen's Rangers. Under interrogation, Newman revealed much of what he knew of Wayne's plan, including a very accurate date regarding the Legion's arrival in the Indian camp, August 17, 1794. Based on Simcoe's account, Newman further stated that Wayne intended an attack on any British post on American soil. However, Newman denies this claiming, "I knew nothing of Gen. Wayne's orders, or what Congress directed him to do."
Miraculously the British released him and he reentered the US where he published an account of his "capture" in New York's Catskill Packet. At Philadelphia he boldly walked into the War Department and proclaimed himself an Indian captive, fortunately for him during Secretary Knox's absence. As a civilian employee no one suspected him of desertion, let alone treason, and he received twenty dollars for his journey home. A few days later Wayne's dispatch reached Philadelphia and eventually the commander at Pittsburgh arrested Newman.
Interrogated by Wayne, Newman revealed his real purpose, and it eventually involved Wilkinson and intrigue with the British. The story goes that Wilkinson entered into a corrupt scheme with some of the contractors for enriching themselves by continuing the war. It seems that one of the contractors, Robert Elliott, possessed a brother in the British service, Captain Matthew Elliott, currently at Grand Glaize.
Alarmed at this treachery, Wayne began rooting out other traitors as well, including the other surveyor, Daniel Cooper. Cooper admitted that he wrote an incriminating letter found lying on the roadside, but later recanted his confession. However, both he and Newman remained in custody until after the campaign, with their ultimate fate unmentioned in my sources.
No hard evidence existed against Wilkinson, and he continued as second-in-command throughout the campaign. However, the Wayne-Wilkinson feud worsened with Wilkinson looking at any remark as an insult. He kept a journal of all of Wayne's criticisms of him, and history mostly proves Wayne correct. Lieutenant Hugh Brady commented that "Wilkinson was jealous of W. could not be second and was worth nothing when he got to be first."
An accident almost ended Wayne's life on August 3rd, when a large beech tree fell on his tent. This put the camp in great confusion as reports of the general's death spread rapidly, and thankfully erroneously. An old stump absorbed most of the force and Wayne suffered an injured left leg and ankle. Upon examination someone carelessly kindled a fire near the tree and it toppled over. History records the event as an accident; or did Wilkinson possess enough hatred for arranging the accident? Suppose Wayne died and Wilkinson assumed command, again, did he possess the qualities necessary for winning victory? Did he connive with the British for prolonging the war for paying off his rumored gambling debts with bribes?
While Newman told British officials three different stories, Wayne continued his advance, uncertain of Newman's adventure. In early August the Legion passed through several deserted Indian towns and the soldiers upgraded their rations with the abandoned crops. As the troops advanced up the Maumee River they encountered an increasing number of Indian towns and a fertile valley. Surprisingly they found few Indians as they advanced toward the main Indian camp of Grand Glaize. They did not know that Newman informed the British of Wayne's advance on Fort Miamis, and most of the Indians departed for there.
Wells and his scouts continued their intelligence gathering, bringing in prisoners each day with fresh information. As their exploits became legend among the soldiers, the scouts always tried outdoing themselves. Unfortunately, their luck ran out one day when they tried capturing fifteen Delaware by deception. Wells and one of his officers, Lieutenant Robert McClellan, received serious wounds that took them out of the campaign. From one of Wells' Shawnee captives Wayne confirmed Newman's treachery, eleven days after his desertion.
At Grand Glaize, Wayne built Fort Defiance, for denying the Indians this sanctuary and proving his power. Here he sent the Miami Confederacy one last offer for peace through one of the recent Shawnee captives and one of his scouts, Christopher Miller. A heavy rain delayed the advance of the Legion from this fort for two days longer than Wayne anticipated. The recent rain hindered their march as both men and animals became mired in the mud. Several accounts state that the march more resembled a mob than a military formation, but the advance continued.
The weather and rough march also deeply affected Wayne's suffering from gout, however he still insisted on riding a horse. His pain also made him even more short-tempered, causing more resentment with Wilkinson and other officers. His demeanor improved somewhat with the return of Miller with the Indian response regarding his peace overture. The message contained some deception as the Indians asked for time for considering Wayne's offer. In reality they wanted the time hoping that more warriors from the Pottawatomie might arrive from Detroit.
Eager for action, Wayne dismissed the call for time and began his advance the next day entering a thick wooded area. They encountered some of the roughest terrain yet and reached the rapids of the Maumee River, finding the river about six hundred yards wide. Here American scouts began engaging the Indian scouts and Wayne camped for the night. He delayed the advance until he successfully scouted the terrain ahead, and now lamented the loss of Wells.
Following sufficient reconnaissance Wayne ordered an advance on August 18th and encountered an increasing number of Indian towns. Here the soldiers found themselves astonished at the number of well-constructed cabins and storehouses. They further found a silversmith's shop and books containing thirty years of accounts and extensive connections with Detroit. Several of the stores showed the ownership of French traders for over one hundred years.
While Wayne advanced turmoil and indecision surfaced among the Indian alliance, and even Little Turtle changed his mind. The battle at Fort Recovery shocked him regarding the Indian chance for victory against the entire Legion. Attending a council in July at Detroit he tried unsuccessfully for obtaining direct British military action. The British symbolically reinforced Fort Miamis and a company of Detroit militia joined the Indians. However the British commander at Detroit, Lieutenant Colonel Richard England of His Majesty's 24th Regiment of Foot (Infantry), made no promise of direct participation by British troops.
In early August a delegation of Wyandots presented England with the "war hatchet" originally given them during the Revolution. They demanded that England "rub off the rust" and join them in defending their homeland from the Americans. If not, the Wyandot promised no help if the Americans attacked Fort Miamis and Detroit. With no authority, England merely alerted his command of the impending American threat and prepared for attack.
With his assembled Indian army running short of food and other provisions, Little Turtle began contemplating Wayne's terms. He further understood that the approaching American force outnumbered his dwindling number of warriors. The unsuccessful attacks further proved that the Indians faced a competent commander and better quality troops than previous expeditions. Even the arrival of a contingent of Mohawks, from the supposedly peaceful Iroquois, did not encourage Little Turtle.
When Little Turtle counseled peace he lost his charisma among the confederation, and his position of leadership. Experiencing nothing but victory against the American forces, they did not heed his warning. Little Turtle saw the future, that while the Indian alliance defeated each American expedition, another came the next year. He further saw that each expedition increased in the number of soldiers sent against them, while the Indian numbers reduced.
Accused of cowardice, a Shawnee chief named Weyapiersenwah, Blue Jacket in English, emerged as the new leader of the Miami Confederacy. Historians know little of Blue Jacket's early life, since he only enters history as a grown warrior. Rumors in the 19th Century named him as a white captive named Marmaduke van Swearingen, popularized by historical novelist Allan W. Eckert. Supposedly DNA testing of descendants of both families disprove this rumor, confirming his Shawnee ancestry. He participated in the Revolution as a British ally and in both of the Harmar and St. Clair defeats.
Although a brave man Blue Jacket lacked the tactical wisdom of Little Turtle and suffered from the vice of vanity. Blue Jacket expressed a "fondness" for fancy dress and drink that often offended those around him. He further proved the impetuous leader that the British needed at this time for keeping the Indians hostile toward the Americans.
Spurred on by the words of American renegade Simon Girty, the former American Loyalist and current British trader, Alexander McKee, the Indian leaders chose war. Misinterpreting the reinforcement of Fort Miamis as a sign of British support the assembled warriors eagerly sought combat.
On August 18th Wayne ordered the construction of Fort Deposit for leaving all of his excess baggage. While the troops built this fort, Wayne sent out his scouts for gathering the last intelligence before engaging the Indians. Upon their return they estimated about 1,100 Indians and about 100 "white men," probably the Detroit militia. A heavy rain on August 19th delayed the Legion's advance one day, allowing for more preparation. The soldiers marched at about eight o'clock on the morning of August 20th in battle formation on a hot, humid day.
Wayne organized his force into two wings, the right consisting of the 1st and 3rd Sub-Legions under Wilkinson. The left, consisting of the 2nd and 4th Sub-Legion under Lieutenant Colonel Hamtramck. Between the two wings Wayne placed his headquarters, artillery and reserve ammunition loaded on packhorses. An advance guard of scouts, under Major William Price, who previously scouted the terrain, marched well ahead for detecting ambush. Behind them came an advance guard of seventy-four regulars under Captain John Cooke.
Advancing with the Maumee River protecting the right flank, the command used it for guiding their route toward the Indians. Colonel Robert Todd's brigade of mounted Kentuckians protected the left flank and Brigadier General Thomas Barbee's Kentucky brigade served as rearguard. Across the river Captain Ephraim Kibbey's mounted scouts from the settlement of Columbia, near Cincinnati, provided security.
The Indians awaited them in a natural fortification formed by trees felled by a past tornado, hence "Fallen Timbers." Traditionally the Indians fasted before a battle in case they suffered a stomach wound. However the slow American advance caused hunger, and overcame about one-third of the Indians. Those who left the field in search of food journeyed a good distance from the battlefield, with many not returning. The hardcore among them remained in place and awaited the arrival of the hated Kentucky "long knives."
Price's men halted about one half-mile from the Indian position and prepared his men for battle. They took drinks of water, tightened their saddle cinches and stripped off excess clothing before resuming the advance. Two vedettes preceded the main body of scouts, Thomas Moore and William Steele, volunteered for this duty. They moved forward warily watching every bush and tree for sign of Indians, and soon found them.
The Indians opened fire from ambush felling both men from their horses, mortally wounded. Their comrades charged forward and engaged the Indians, finding Steele dead and rescued Moore. Under heavy fire Price ordered a withdrawal as the superior number of Indians attacked them.
Unfortunately they ran afoul of Cooke's advance guard marching about four hundred yards behind the mounted scouts. Under orders from Wayne for firing on retreating militiamen, Cooke's men mistakenly fired on the Kentuckians. This stopped the retreating Kentuckians, who now moved toward the river and reportedly left the field.
The Indians now engaged the small number of Cooke's men, who valiantly stood their ground against the heavy odds. After firing three "good volleys" Cooke saw his situation and ordered a fighting withdrawal toward the main body. As Cooke's men withdrew, Wayne deployed several companies of light infantry for screening the deployment of his battle line.
Wilkinson proceeded in making adjustments in his battle line when they intermingled with Hamtramck's men. He encountered a company of dragoons under the command of the senior dragoon officer, Captain Robert MisCampbell. MisCampbell then reported that "Everything is confusion," and asked Wilkinson for orders. Characteristic of Wilkinson, he declined, stating that his command did not include the dragoons and recommended that MisCampbell fall back. When one of Wilkinson's subordinates requested that Wilkinson attack, he declined, citing an absence of orders from Wayne.
Wayne did issue orders that day, sending his staff in every direction for relaying even the most minute orders. The previous day's rain and current humidity rendered the use of drums for signaling ineffective. He told his aide, Lieutenant William Henry Harrison, his standing order, "Charge the damned rascals with the bayonet."
Believing the terrain near the river suited for mounted troops, Wayne ordered his dragoons into a flanking attack there. Unfortunately the bluffs along the river hindered a rapid advance by these troops and MisCampbell misunderstood the order. Instead of attacking with the full dragoon battalion, he used only his assigned company. When they struck the Indians, MisCampbell fell dead and the attack fell into confusion. Finally other dragoons appeared, as well as some Kentucky scouts, and eventually turned the Indian flank.
Wayne then ordered the unlimbering of his artillery, sixteen pieces, and opened fire on the Indians. Although the wooded terrain proved unsuitable for artillery, the psychological effect on the warriors justified their use.
The terrain in front of Wilkinson's wing appeared more open, providing a better view of the enemy. While in front of Hamtramck's wing the terrain appeared more wooded, making his assessment of the enemy more difficult. Subsequently, Wilkinson deployed his troops into a single battle line, possibly because of his better view. However, Hamtramck deployed his in the standard double battle line of the day, and in accordance with Wayne's orders. This caused some confusion at the point where the two wings linked up, however it did not create insurmountable problems. Given the reduced numerical strength of the Legion's companies, most estimates state that the deployment into line took about five minutes.
As the fire from the Indians increased, Wayne maneuvered troops for meeting each contingency. He ordered Scott's Kentuckians on his left flank into the attack for turning the Indians' right flank. The terrain proved too wooded and swampy for a mounted attack, so Scott dismounted them, using them as infantry. Here the Kentuckians engaged the Wyandots, who fought the Kentuckians almost fanatically.
Wayne adjusted his force by extending the left flank of the 2nd Sub-Legion until the American line stretched almost two and one-half miles. Satisfied, he ordered the advance with his men at "trail arms" for preventing their entanglement in the vegetation. Simply, the men advanced until within musket range, about fifty yards, from the Indians, fired a volley and charged with the bayonet.
Staff officers, seeing Wayne's dash forward toward the battle, seized his horse's reins, fearing for his safety. Despite the constant messages delivered by the staff, several officers did not receive the attack order. This often occurs during battle, the so-called "fog of war," as the noise and adrenalin affect one's abilities. However, here Wayne's discipline and training standards proved their worth, as the officers advanced on their own initiative. Several officers quoted in Gaff's book state that miraculously the entire line charged almost at once.
Now the Indians began a fighting withdrawal as the numbers of the Legion forced them from their cover. Groups of Indians stood their ground, many dying in place instead of retreating when overwhelmed. Others, seeing the superiority of the forces against them, fired once and then ran away and hid. By most accounts the stiffest resistance came from the Detroit militia, under the command of the American renegade Lieutenant Colonel William Caldwell. Most of the Indian resistance crumbled after about fifteen minutes and they ran toward Fort Miamis.
These Indians ran toward the shelter of the British fort with the soldiers of the Legion in hot pursuit. The fort's commander, Major William Campbell of the 24th Regiment of Foot, lacking any specific orders, literally closed the gates. Heaping insult upon the defeat they just suffered, the demoralized Indians now realized the steadfastness of British support. Their British allies closed the gates and left them alone for facing the wrath of the victorious Americans.
With the Indians in full retreat and his men exhausted from the roughly about one hour battle, Wayne called a halt. The Legion remained on the newly won field for about two hours, resting and refitting. Details made a quick search for casualties and surgeons began the grisly process of attending the wounded. The Legion lost 26 killed and 87 wounded with none lost as prisoners of war. In celebration of the victory the soldiers received an extra ration of whisky and then prepared for further action.
Despite the defeat the Indians still possessed a viable force capable of a counterattack, although they lacked the spirit for it. However, Wayne and his men did not know this and took all the necessary precautions. He dispatched his scouts forward for gathering intelligence, not only of the Indians but Fort Miamis as well. Unfortunately, in his preparation for continuing his attack, Wayne neglected a thorough search for casualties. Later searches found that some of the wounded lay dying on the field, with one dying soon after his discovery on August 21st.
While this neglect may seem harsh, Wayne must consider the health and safety of the majority of his soldiers. He must focus on meeting the enemy, before they adequately reorganize, and hopefully limiting the number of future casualties. Searching for casualties today remains a responsibility of squad and platoon level leaders, and part of unit standard operating procedures (SOP). Higher headquarters does not specifically order it and depends on the initiative of subordinate leaders. While Wilkinson and other officers criticized Wayne for "ignoring his wounded," why did they not remind him?
Regarding his concern for his sick and wounded soldiers, Wayne took great care of them throughout his tenure as commander. James Ripley Jacobs in his book, The Beginnings of the U.S. Army: 1783-1812, describes Wayne's policies succinctly. He gave his surgeon general great latitude in ordering medical supplies and inoculating his soldiers for smallpox. Each company must provide one soldier as a "hospital steward," the equivalent of today's medic, for assisting the surgeons. He further ordered the hiring of "industrious humane and honest matrons" for serving as nurses.
After the battle Wayne correctly focused on engaging his enemies, and gathering intelligence on their capabilities. After his scouts returned Wayne left his wounded and surgeons with a guard force and advanced toward the British fort. He halted his force within one mile of the fort and in full view of the British garrison. The Legion constructed its fortified camp and settled in for the night, leaving a confrontation with the British for the next day.
During the night an American soldier, John Johnson, deserted and joined the British inside Fort Miamis. Johnson served with the Loyalist Queen's Rangers during the Revolution and provided Campbell an accurate account of Wayne's force and his intentions. He further revealed that half of Wayne's force consisted of militia, due for discharge on October 10th.
Ironically a British drummer, John Bevan of the 24th Regiment, deserted the British and slipped into the American camp. He likewise gave Wayne an accurate report of the British forces inside the fort, and the treachery of the previously mentioned Newman. Bevan further confirmed that a company of British-armed Canadians fought alongside the Indians, an act of war. He told Wayne that the Indian army opposing him numbered "about two thousand men," including the Canadians.
All day on August 21st the Legion rested and prepared for battle, with the men anxiously anticipating storming the fort. Wayne sent out Price's battalion for scouting beyond Fort Miamis and searching for sign of the Indians. With the Indians gone Wayne took a small mounted party forward, including his aide, Harrison, and boldly rode toward the fort. Harrison stated that they rode within "pistol shot," meaning a short distance, of the fort and studied the fort for thirty minutes.
An unnamed British officer stated that an impetuous young officer almost fired a loaded cannon on the Americans. His comrades stopped him and prevented this action, possibly saving Wayne's life and definitely preventing war between the US and England.
The gates of Fort Miamis opened and a British officer appeared with a small detachment bearing a white flag of truce. He presented Wayne with a letter from Campbell inquiring of Wayne's intentions regarding "His Majesty's" fort. Wayne sent a rebuttal stating the Campbell illegally occupied the fort and demanded his withdrawal.
Wayne immediately sent for two days rations from Fort Deposit and developed his plans. He regarded Fort Miamis too strong for attack, particularly since he lacked heavy artillery for battering the walls. Furthermore, his army lacked the provisions necessary for a prolonged siege and the Indian army still remained at large. Wayne made several attempts at provoking a British attack, even riding within range himself again, but with no attack.
Meanwhile Wayne further demonstrated the impotence of the British at protecting the Indians by destroying their camp. With his troops running low on rations they confiscated all the food stored in the camp. They further destroyed those crops growing in the fields as well as all the buildings. This ensured a hard winter for the Indians remaining hostile, and a drain on British sources of supplies. They continued this destruction for the next two days without any interference from either the British or the demoralized Indians.
On August 23rd Wayne formally congratulated his Legion for "brilliant success in the Action of the 20th Instant." Incapable of taking the British fort, Wayne and his Legion headed back for Fort Deposit and their provisions and baggage. On the return Wayne deployed his army in line for sweeping the previous battlefield, searching for any lost or abandoned equipment. No mention of searching for the missing wounded, but such a sweep surely found them.
As his army moved toward Fort Deposit Wayne and his men remained concerned about the still-absent Indian army. While the Battle of Fallen Timbers proved a milestone in American history, at the time most believed it merely a skirmish. The entire battle lasted less than two hours by most historical estimates with only about half of the Legion participating. The soldiers only found between thirty and forty dead enemies on the battlefield, hardly significant given the overall number of warriors. However, no records exist regarding those wounded evacuated by the Indians who later died from those wounds.
To be continued


text: On Feb 26, 2010, at 12:36 PM, richard.walsh at comcast.net wrote: > > Mark Hahn wrote: > > >> Doesn't this assume worst case all-to-all type communication > >> patterns. > > > >I'm assuming random point-to-point communication, actually. > > A sub-case of all-to-all (possibly all-to-all). So you are assuming > random point-to-point is a common pattern in HPC ... mmm ... I > would call it a worse case pattern, something more typical of > graph searching codes like they run at the NSA. Sure a high > radix switch (or better yet a global memory address space, Cray > X1E) is good and designed for this worst-case, but not sure this > is the common case data reference pattern in HPC ... if it were > they would be selling more global memory systems at Cray and > SGI (not just to the NSA). Designing the communications network for this worst-case pattern has a number of benefits: * it makes the machine less sensitive to the actual communications pattern * it makes performance less variable run-to-run, when the job controller chooses different subsets of the system > > There you might also want a machine like the Cray XMT where > the memory is flat and stalled threads can be switched out for > another thread. > > >> If you are just trading ghost cell data with your neighbors > >> and you have placed your job smartly on the torus the fan out > >> advantage mentioned is irrelevant. No? Smart placement is a lot harder than it appears. * The actual communications pattern often doesn't match preconceptions * Communications from concurrently running applications can interfere. There's a paper in the IBM Journal of Research and Development about this, they wound up using simulated annealing to find good placement on the most regular machine around, because the "obvious" assignments weren't optimal. ... In addition to this stuff, the quality of the interconnect has other effects * a fast, low latency interconnect lets the application scale effectively to larger numbers of nodes before performance rolls off * an interconnect with low latency short messages provides a decent base for PGAS languages like UPC and CoArray Fortran or for lightweight communications APIs like SHMEM or active messages. Personally, I believe our thinking about interconnects has been poisoned by thinking that NICs are I/O devices. We would be better off if they were coprocessors. Threads should be able to send messages by writing to registers, and arriving packets should activate a hyperthread that has full core capabilities for acting on them, and with the ability to interact coherently with the memory hierarchy from the same end as other processors. We had started kicking this around for the SiCortex gen-3 chip, but were overtaken by events. -Larry -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://www.beowulf.org/pipermail/beowulf/attachments/20100226/4e8d408e/attachment.html>

subset: commoncrawl


text: On Fri, 14 May 2004, James Cownie wrote: > > > I think they'd still have trouble maintaining a market, because > > Opterons are relatively easy to port to and will in principle run > > i386 code (badly, of course) native. > > The "(badly, of course)" should definitely be removed. > > The mass market for the AMD64 chips at the moment is gamers running > that other OS which so far _only_ runs in 32 bit mode. > > The gamers like the AMD64 chips because they're the fastest 32 bit x86 > chips you can buy. > > (Check any of the benchmark sites for proof.) > > You may have been confusing the AMD64 bit chips with the Itanic, which > does have a very slow 32 bit x86 mode. Actually, I was referring to the following: rgb at ganesh|B:1117>uname -a Linux ganesh 2.4.20-30.9 #1 Wed Feb 4 20:45:39 EST 2004 i686 athlon i386 GNU/Linux rgb at ganesh|B:1118>pwd /home/einstein/rgb/Src/Ospin rgb at ganesh|B:1119>make make: Nothing to be done for `all'. rgb at ganesh|B:1121>ssh s02 rgb at s02|B:1001>cd Src/Ospin rgb at s02|B:1002>uname -a Linux s02 2.4.22-1.2188.nptlsmp #1 SMP Wed Apr 21 20:12:16 EDT 2004 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux rgb at s02|B:1003>./Ospin -bash: ./Ospin: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory rgb at s02|B:1004> Where on a regular Athlon (basically RH9 i386) I compile Ospin (my current application) and then I ssh to s02 (fedora x86_64) to run the binary, it barfs. Probably missing a compatibility library, maybe the library is around somewhere but not installed but I don't care much BECAUSE... ...it also refers to anecdotal accounts that numerical performance significantly degrades if one runs i386 code compared to recompiled x86_64 code. That may leave it plenty fast enough for gamers (who may be running memory bus bound vector float transformation code a lot and hence get benefit from the fast memory without getting much advantage from the CPU), but still slower than the optimum one would like running numerical applications that take hours to days to complete. So OK, "badly, of course" is perhaps overly harsh. "Better than Itaniums" would be fair, I think. So would "more slowly than native 64 bit recompiles" which is what most people care about anyway. I stand corrected;-) rgb -- Robert G. Brown http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/ Duke University Dept. of Physics, Box 90305 Durham, N.C. 27708-0305 Phone: 1-919-660-2567 Fax: 919-660-2525 email:rgb at phy.duke.edu


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Fluke Corp., a portable electronic test and measurement technology, will send a professional and companion to Miami for football's "Big Game," simply for learning about the new test tools Fluke has recently introduced.
The winner of the Fluke football Big Game Sweeps will receive two tickets to see the "Big Game" on Feb. 7, 2010. The sweepstakes package also includes airfare and lodging for up to three nights for two people and a complimentary rental car. The winner will be announced the first week of January 2010.
"We understand this has been a challenging year for our customers. Our new products are designed to help them get more done, more quickly so they can better manage increasing demands for their time and talents," Barbara Hulit, president of Fluke Corp., said. "After such a challenging year, we thought our customers could use a break and have some fun. The Big Game Sweeps is a fun way to end this year and properly kick off 2010."
The Fluke football Big Game Sweeps marks the start the fall season for Fluke customers as Fluke prepares to release a number of products, including the Fluke 233 Remote Display Multimeter, the Fluke 28 II Industrial Multimeter for rugged conditions, and the Fluke Ti32 Thermal Imager with a powerful 320x240 sensor. Other recently released Fluke tools include the Fluke 77X series Milliamp Process Clamp Meters , Fluke 719 Electric Pressure Calibrator, Fluke 1735 Power Logger, Fluke ScopeMeter 225C, 215C and 125 Portable Oscilloscopes with industrial BUS Health Test, Fluke 566 and 568 Infrared and Contact Thermometers and the Fluke 287 and 289 Logging Multimeters.
To enter the Fluke football Big Game Sweeps, customers must first watch at least one video or interactive demonstration online at www.fluke.com/footballsweeps. After customers have completed the online training, they will receive a link to the sweepstakes entry form. Entrants will be qualified through a set of questions on the entry form. Contestants are limited to one entry per person.
As an alternative option, entrants also can choose to participate in a live product demonstration offered by their preferred Fluke distributor. Distributors will have mail-in entry forms available in mid-October. Live product demonstrations must be for one of the eight new and featured products outlined in the program.
Participation in the Fluke football Big Game Sweeps is limited to licensed contractors or individuals in a professional trade who are residents of the United States, age 21 or older.
Sweepstakes ends Dec. 31, 2009. See official rules at www.fluke.com/footballsweeps.
For more information on Fluke tools and applications, or to find the location of your nearest distributor, contact Fluke Corporation, P.O. Box 9090, Everett, WA 98206, call (800) 44-FLUKE (800-443-5853), fax (425) 446-5116, e-mail [email protected] or visit the Fluke Web site at www.fluke.com.


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Google recently removed three options from the advanced search sidebar. With that you can no longer restrict the results to shopping-related pages or remove shopping sites from the results.
Another option that has been removed is "page previews," which display a longer snippet and a thumbnail for each search result. This feature has been replaced by "Instant Preview," but you can no longer see all the thumbnails next to search results.
When Google launched the sidebar, it was the first time when powerful features like restricting the results to recent pages didn't require to visit the advanced search page. "We think of the Search Options panel as a tool belt that gives you new ways to interact with Google Search, and we plan to fill it with more innovative and useful features in the future."


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Invented by Native Americans, lacrosse is considered to be America's first sport. But today it has exploded back onto the playing field. It is one of the fastest growing team sports in the United States, according to US Lacrosse, the sport's national governing body. Between 2001 and 2010, the number of players tripled.
Lacrosse is a combination of basketball, soccer and hockey. It's played with a netted stick which players use to throw, catch and scoop the ball. Once played predominantly by privileged young men at East Coast prep schools and private universities, today's lacrosse players are found across the nation, include both males and females and range in age from elementary school students to adults, nearly 300,000 players strong.
This trend is evident in the Tri-Cities, according to Mike Black, director of River City Lacrosse, the organization that provides the lacrosse park district programs in Batavia, Geneva and St. Charles. It caters to students from second grade through high school. Participation among boys is growing steadily at 20 percent every year.
"We have a lot more boys in our leagues but the girls' program is growing fast," he said. "It's more than doubled in the last year."
For the first time, there were enough girls from the tri-cities to form a junior high girls' team.
Maddie Watson, an eighth-grader at Rotolo Middle School in Batavia is on this team. When she signed up for lacrosse through the Batavia Park District five years ago, Maddie thought she would be playing with a team of boys.
"I had only seen boys playing it; there were no other girls," she said. "But now, I've met so many girls on my team and they're all great."
According to Sean McCaffrey, head varsity coach at St. Charles North, the high schools in the Fox Valley area, including Batavia, have added more lacrosse club teams than any other region in the state of Illinois in the last few years. Because of the sport's soaring popularity, St. Charles North added a freshman squad this year, he said.
Those involved say the sport is growing fast, because it is fast.
"With lacrosse, I think kids enjoy practice more than any other sport because it's more fast-paced," McCaffrey said. "That's a common theme I hear."
Quinn Erdman, eighth-grader at Geneva Middle School South, loves the sport for this reason.
"There are no boring parts playing lacrosse," he said. "I'm always on offensive or defensive so I'm constantly moving."
Another reason for its quick growth in popularity is that it's similar to other sports with which players already are familiar.
"It has the contact like football, the running like soccer, the offense and defense like basketball and the arm motion of hockey and baseball," Erdman explained.. When he picked up lacrosse three years ago, he used the skills he'd honed in these other sports.
Watson said she found her background in track and cross-country helped her run up and down the lacrosse field.
Riley Martin, senior varsity lacrosse captain at St. Charles North, found that his years of playing basketball benefitted his lacrosse game.
"The hand-eye coordination and dodging and footwork I used in basketball helped me transition over to lacrosse," he said.
The sport is unique in that its players don't have to have a certain body type. Size and shape don't matter in lacrosse.
"You don't have to be the strongest, the fastest or the biggest player to be good at lacrosse," Black said. "There's a spot for everybody on the team."
As long as you have good eye-hand coordination, you are valuable in a game, Black added.
Spring is the big season for lacrosse. Younger players like Erdman and Watson, practice two to three days during the week and have games once or twice a week. Watson said the closest games are in St. Charles while the farthest are in Barrington.
High school players, like Martin, practice every day but Sunday. And even then, the team gets together for film sessions to review past games or to evaluate other teams on the schedule. They have two games a week for a season total of 16 against conference rivals, such as St. Charles East, Waubonsee Valley, Geneva and Batavia.
During the off-season, players have plenty of opportunities to stay in the game. River City Lacrosse offers in-house leagues, camps, travel teams, clinics and player development programs.
Martin plays in the off-season at True Lacrosse Club in Elmhurst. McCaffrey said his players attend excellent lacrosse camps in the summer, including those at Ohio State University and University of Notre Dame in Indiana, as well as several universities on the East Coast, such as Hofstra University in New York.
Martin will be attending these camps for three weeks this summer. Watson will attend camps at North Central College in Naperville and Notre Dame.
Erdman will participate in Ohio State's camp where, he said, there will be college scouts on the lookout. Even though he has yet to start high school, Erdman already has his sights set on Wisconsin's Marquette University or New York's Syracuse University for college, because they both have good lacrosse teams.
For Watson, she doesn't yet know if college lacrosse is possible for her. She currently is the only girl from Batavia who plays in the River City program, and Batavia High School does not yet have a girls' lacrosse team.
But for Martin, a future in lacrosse looks like a definite. He said he has been offered two college scholarships, one at Seton Hill in Pennsylvania and the other at University of Tampa in Florida. Now he just has to choose.
For more information on the game of lacrosse, visit US Lacrosse's website at www.uslacrosse.org. For more information on River City Lacrosse, go to www.rivercitylax.com. For park district lacrosse programs, visit your specific district's online catalog. True Lacrosse Club's website address is http://il.truelacrosse.com. llinois Girls Lacrosse Association can be found at iglax.org.


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The Most Beautiful College Dorms in the World
A few weeks ago we rounded up some of the most beautiful and imaginative public schools in the world. To celebrate the annual odyssey that is going back to school, we decided to take a look at another equally important, but also often sub-par, educational stomping ground: the college dorm.
Canadian folk rock legend Gordon Lightfoot summed up the importance of the built world around you when he said "you just get the vibes of your surroundings and it rubs off on you." It has almost become a rite of passage to endure sterile, shoebox-size accommodations that feel more like a jail cell than a nurturing space. But what if your college dorm experience was inspiring instead of distressing or downright depressing? From ultra modern garden apartments complete with gigantic swings to gorgeous student-designed desert structures, click through to check out some of the most stimulating college housing on the planet. Nominate your picks in the comments below!
Cité a Docks by Cattani Architects – Le Havre, France
Image credit: trendsnow
Built from old shipping containers, the modern, light-filled rehab residences come with their own bathroom and kitchen. The design is raised off the ground, making room for bikes, gardens, and shaded places to hang out.


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One in 10 Floridians has diabetes, a "disturbing" trend revealed in the nation's fat report last week. Though Florida ranks as the 29th-most-obese state in the country, the Sunshine State is No. 10 for diabetes. It's a distinction that comes with a hefty price tag.
Although obesity is the primary reason Type 2 diabetes develops, Florida's rate of diabetes outpaces its fat score because of two other factors: Its population is older and more culturally diverse than in most states.
Those forces have combined to nearly double the state's rate of diabetes in 15 years, taking it from 5.7 percent to 9.9 percent.
"While the number is disturbing, it isn't surprising," said Dr. Richard Pratley, medical director of the Florida Hospital Diabetes Institute.
The older you get, the more likely you are to develop diabetes, experts say.
Florida is the nation's fifth-oldest state, behind only Maine, Vermont, West Virginia and New Hampshire, according to the 2010 U.S. census. The nation's median age is 36.8, while Florida's is 40.
And the Sunshine State's racial mix also skews the obesity rate upward.
Compared with the rest of the nation, Florida has more blacks (16 percent compared with 12.6 percent) and more Hispanics (22.5 percent compared with 16.3 percent). Both groups have higher rates of diabetes than whites do: 77 percent higher among blacks and 66 percent higher among Hispanics, according to the American Diabetes Association.
Why blacks and Hispanics have more diabetes is only partly understood. Lower income and education levels are associated with higher rates of obesity and diabetes. However, when adjusted for socioeconomic factors, these ethnic groups still have more diabetes, indicating there may be a genetic predisposition or cultural drivers, Pratley said.
Minorities also often have unequal treatment and unequal access to care, said Cynthia Harris, a professor and director of the Institute of Public Health at Florida A&M University. However, many communities are making strides to change that.
At Florida Hospital, the Healthy 100 Kids program, which launched a year ago, works with many minority families to help them fend off excess weight and diabetes.Orlando resident Carmelita Gyebi and her son, Josh, met with a program dietitian Wednesday to review the boy's eating habits and get suggestions for more-healthful alternatives.
Referred by his doctor, who was worried about how much weight the 12-year-old was gaining, Josh hopes the program helps him lose weight and get stronger.
"I was on the edge of getting diabetes," he said.
His mom says the dietary changes are for the whole family.
"It's not just for him," said Carmelita Gyebi, who wants to help her two teenage daughters and husband eat better, too.
Such strides are particularly important in the diabetes belt, a swath of 644 counties in 15 mostly Southern states, including Florida, where many Americans are obese, sedentary, black — or all of the above. A quarter of Florida's counties fall into this belt.
Worst yet to come
More worrisome than the rankings, however, is that diabetes will continue to rise 10 to 20 years after the obesity epidemic peaks, Pratley said. "We're in for a long ride."
According to the "F as in Fat" report — released last week by the Trust for America's Health and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation — 16 states, including Florida, weighed in fatter this year than last year, and not one state got thinner.
Even when obesity rates do start to slide, there won't be an immediate drop in diabetes rates. That's because the onset of diabetes lags behind the onset of obesity, said Dr. Jim Marks of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
The worst will hit in 20 years, experts predict.
Of all the health problems associated with obesity, diabetes is the most expensive. Diabetes cost the country $174 billion in 2007, the most recent year for which data are available, said the diabetes association.
Of that, $116 billion was for medical costs and $58 billion was for lost productivity and premature death. Add in undiagnosed diabetes, pre-diabetes and gestational diabetes, and the costs climb to $218 billion.
In the United States, about one in every 10 health-care dollars goes toward treating diabetes. On average, a person diagnosed with diabetes will have medical costs 2.3 times higher than someone without the disease.
The fact that diabetes is striking younger Americans, and particularly children, will make matters worse, said Pratley, because the longer a person has the disease, the more it costs.
Once a person has diabetes, he or she will likely always have it. Apart from bariatric surgery, a drastic and costly intervention, doctors know of no other way to reverse the disease yet.
To control the inevitable rising costs, Pratley said, "we need to create a much more efficient way to treat the huge number of patients entering the system, and work on prevention starting with our youth.
"If you're in your 20s and your BMI is 40, the cat is out of the bag," he said. "The best hope we have is with our kids."
Josh Gyebi already is more aware of diabetes, and how to avoid it, than most youths.
"It's not good to get," he said, "so you really have to watch what you eat."
firstname.lastname@example.com or 407-420-5158


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Huskers End Home Stand with 6-3 Win over KSU
Lincoln - The Nebraska baseball team wrapped up its 17-game home stand on Tuesday night with a 6-3 win over the Kansas State Wildcats at Hawks Field in front of 4,155 fans. The Huskers started and ended the home stand with wins over the Wildcats, as NU beat KSU 9-6 on March 6. Now 18-9 on the season and 2-1 in Big Ten play, the Huskers went 12-5 on the home stand with series wins over defending Big Ten champion Illinois and Louisiana Tech, as well as a four-game series split with then No. 18 California. The Huskers have also won the season series with the Wildcats, while the two teams still have one meeting left in Manhattan on Tuesday, April 3.
Junior Rich Sanguinetti led the charge for the Huskers, as his career-high three hits accounted for nearly half of NU's eight total hits on the night. Sanguinetti also drove in a run and scored two runs, while Richard Stock plated a game-high two runs with a two-out RBI single in the third inning.
On the mound, sophomore Brandon Pierce improved to 3-1 on the year with a win in his first start of the season. After making his first 14 appearances of the season out of the bullpen, Pierce gave up two hits and struck out one over 3.0 innings of shutout ball. Five relievers combined to finish the game for NU, including Travis Huber, who closed the door for his fourth save of the season with a perfect ninth inning.
Cory Burleson continued to shut down the opposing running game when he threw out Jake Brown on a steal attempt in the top of the second, after Brown reach on a one-out single. The Wildcats didn't attempt to steal the rest of the game, while Burleson has thrown out 12-of-20 runners on the season.
The Husker offense got Pierce some support right away with three runs in the bottom of the first after scoring just 10 first-inning runs in the first 26 games of the season. Following a leadoff walk to Michael Pritchard, Sanguinetti and Chad Christensen loaded the bases with back-to-back singles. Pritchard then scored when KSU starter Matt Wivinis walked Kash Kalkowski with the bases juiced. Wivinis got a big pair of outs on a double play ball off the bat of Stock, but Sanguinetti scored on the play. Farmer knocked in the third run of the inning on a single, but was then thrown out trying steal second to end the inning.
After going down in order in the second, NU added two more runs in the third to take a 5-0 lead. Sanguinetti got the inning going with a one-out single and Christensen followed with a walk. Sanguinetti moved to third on a fly out by Kalkowski and Christensen stole second to put two runners in scoring position for Stock. The lefty's only hit of the game came at just the right time, as he drove in his 11th and 12th two-out RBI's of the season.
NU added its sixth run in the fourth after Bryan Peters was hit-by-pitch, his 43rd HBP of his career. Pritchard and Sanguinetti followed with back-to-back singles to drive in Peters.
KSU did scratch across one run each in the fourth, fifth and sixth innings, but the NU bullpen closed out the game by retiring 11 of the final 12 batters it faced.
The Huskers now head on the road for their first game away from Hawks Field since Sunday, March 4, when they beat Minnesota 10-3 at the Metrodome. Nebraska is set to play its first Big Ten road series when it visits the Northwestern Wildcats in Evanston, Ill., for a three-game series that starts on Friday, March 31, at 3 p.m. (CT). The teams also meet on Saturday and Sunday, with both games scheduled for a 1 p.m. first pitch. Greg Sharpe and Lane Grindle will call all the action on the Husker Sports Network.


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hot weather baking
We are experiencing some pretty hot weather here in the West at the moment but i did find time to bake.
I was impressed with the 36 hr baguettes that were featured recently on TFL, i retrieved my s/d culture from the deep freeze here at work and it proved to be a little sluggish to start with, taking 3 or 4 days to come out of its christmas holidays slumber.
I did a half size of tx farmers dough and here are the results, still not as good as the others but quite acceptable and very tasty.
the single test loaf
the crumb shots.
I was able to trade half of the baguette with David the French chef just back from his holidays to Northern France for the sweet he made for the class of chefs from one of the big catering companies that provide catering to the mining companies operating in the gold and iron ore camps across the state.
David said the bread was as good as any he had back in the old country and we enjoyed the sweets back in our office!
That was a win win I reckon.
Hoping the weather cools soon.
kind regards Derek


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Become a Nurse >> Browse Articles >> Nursing School
Why You're NOT Getting Into Nursing School
Steve Berman | NursingLink
So you've decided to become a nurse, and it's the best decision you've ever made. Your life now has purpose, and you can't wait to have a job where you help people, handle new and challenging situations every day, and make a respectable living to boot. However, there's a problem.
You can't get into nursing school.
That's the biggest stumbling block if you want to become a nurse, and it's one that several people face. While the aging baby boomer population has led to an increased need for nurses, the struggling economy has led to an increased pool of applicants for schools to choose from. If you've found yourself on the outside looking in when it comes to nursing school, here are five possible reasons why and how to remedy each problem.
Problem No. 1: You haven't completed the prerequisites
Nursing schools have a curriculum that assumes the students have a body of knowledge to draw from. If applicants haven't completed courses in anatomy and physiology, chemistry, microbiology, nutrition, sociology and psychology, and some other subjects that may include statistics, public speaking, and English composition, there's little to no way they're going to be accepted.
Remedy: Speak with a counselor about which prerequisites you need and take them either at a local community college or online.


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Hi! I'm Michelle from Michelle's Romantic Tangle, here with my first Bake Shop project. I love cutting fabric up into squares and seeing how different layouts will look with fabrics.
Using a jelly roll makes this quilt go together extra quickly. Be sure stop by my blog to enter the giveaway sponsored by Kimberly at Fat Quarter Shop. You could win the jelly roll and background fabric to make this quilt.
– 1 jelly roll {1930s Bella Solid}
– 1 1/2 yards background fabric
– 1/2 yards binding fabric
– 4 yards backing fabric
From the background fabric, cut 100 2 1/2″ squares and 100 2 1/2″ x 4 1/2″ rectangles
From the Jelly Roll, cut 600 2 1/2″ squares
You'll be making 100 blocks. Each block is made up of three sections.
For the first, piece one 2 1/2″ colored square to one 2 1/2″ x 4 1/2″ background rectangle.
For the second, piece together two 2 1/2″ colored squares and one 2 1/2″ background square.
For the third, piece together three 2 1/2″ colored squares.
Make 100 of each section and press.
Piece three sections together to make each block, varying the color placement and trying not to place identical squares side by side very often. With the limited number of fabrics in this quilt, you'll wind up with fabrics next to each other in the finished project, but they won't distract from the design.
For the layout, you'll need a design wall or floor. I found it easiest to start with the full diamond in the upper left hand corner and work out from there. Except for the corners of the diamonds, the blocks in each row of the quilt alternate two different positions. Once you get the pattern set up, it's easy to continue each row.
Assemble the blocks into a top, then quilt, trim, bind, and snuggle up!
60″ square quilt
Michelle Marr


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In two new critically esteemed works, Lydia Diamond's play "Stick Fly" and Colson Whitehead's just-published semiautobiographical novel "Sag Harbor" (Doubleday), the focus is on middle-class blacks summering on, respectively, Martha's Vineyard and rural Long Island. While both works address some of the perennial challenges of African American life, they also depict their characters basking in such fair-weather pleasures as hanging out with family, eating waffle cones, playing board games and schlepping across sand dunes.
Diamond's comic drama, which is running through June 14 at the Matrix Theatre on Melrose Avenue, and Whitehead's buoyant coming-of-age tale follow on the heels of Jill Nelson's "Finding Martha's Vineyard: African Americans at Home on an Island." Published in 2005, her book is a lyrical memoir-history of the author's half-century love affair with the Oak Bluffs community, a longtime African American enclave off the picturesque Massachusetts coast.
As Americans of all colors reconsider the meanings and milieus of the African American experience in the Obama era, we may be witnessing a gradual sea change in the way that African American artists represent themselves and are perceived by others. In both "Stick Fly" and "Sag Harbor," the characters intermittently analyze their language, relationships and socio-cultural heritage (or baggage) as African Americans. But what's also striking about these works is that they present their well-educated, witty characters as matter-of-factly inhabiting a world of leisure and affluence, a very different way than many white Americans may be used to seeing black people portrayed in popular culture.
"Often, people who make decisions about what gets produced have only known black people as a service provider," Diamond, 40, said in a phone interview last week. That's partly why an educated, middle-class black family such as the Huxtables, when they first appeared on "The Cosby Show" a quarter-century ago, caught off-guard viewers who hadn't imagined that such families existed, she suggested.
Like the Huxtables' comfortably rambunctious Brooklyn home, what the communities of Oak Bluffs and Long Island's Azurest, Sag Harbor Hills and Ninevah offer is a more neutral, less historically and symbolically loaded backdrop against which to examine their fictional characters. They are depicted as places where middle-class African Americans are in some ways more free to be themselves than they are in the rest of white-dominated American society.
As Nelson writes in her memoir of Oak Bluffs: "There was no need to be the exemplary Negro here, or to show white people that we were as good as or better than they were, to conduct ourselves as ambassadors for integration and racial harmony. For the months of summer the weight of being race representative -- and all the political, emotional, and psychic burdens that come with demanding that an individual represent a nonexistent monolith -- was lifted. . . . Here, it was enough that you simply be yourself."
"Sag Harbor," which is set in the mid-1980s, elucidates not the chronicle of a people's historic struggle, but simply the minutiae of its teenage protagonist Benji's daily routines, shrewd reflections, sophomoric gibes and occasionally fumbling but earnest attempts at self-transformation.
"According to the world, we were the definition of a paradox: black boys with beach houses," Whitehead writes. "A paradox to the outside, but it never occurred to us that there was anything strange about it. It was simply who we were."
To some, "Stick Fly" and "Sag Harbor" may appear to present a kind of alternative history of the Great American Summer Vacation. But among East Coast middle-class blacks, that history is well established.
"Even in college, I'd say, 'I'm from Sag Harbor,' people would be like, 'I didn't know black people went out there,' " Whitehead, 39, said last week in Los Angeles, where he appeared in the Aloud public conversation series at the downtown Central Library. "Meanwhile, for us it was the opposite. We didn't know white people went out there. We thought all the white people who lived in East Hampton, Bridgehampton, were townies."
Not only are the worlds of "Stick Fly" and "Sag Harbor" strikingly different from those usually glimpsed in mainstream movies and television, they're also quite removed from the environments typically associated with some of the most illustrious African American artists. Viewed from the plush living-room set of "Stick Fly" or the weekender bungalows and fried-clam shacks of "Sag Harbor," the gritty precincts of Spike Lee's Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood or August Wilson's Hill District(Pittsburgh) in Pittsburgh seem a world away. So do the hardships endured by the struggling characters (including slaves) who populate the fiction of the nation's most celebrated African American writer, Nobel laureate Toni Morrison.
Diamond has said she believes that "America has a real comfort zone with seeing African Americans in certain ways," usually either as historical figures revisiting past wrongs inflicted by white people, or in a contemporary urban setting where many of the same historic, race-based struggles still occur.
Changing the setting of a play or novel from the Mississippi Delta or Detroit to an idyllic island bluff doesn't mean those struggles necessarily have ended, the Boston-based playwright maintains, but it can offer a different lens on the nature of those continuing struggles.
In "Stick Fly," set in the present, the LeVay family's summer home in Oak Bluffs testifies to the hard-earned progress of a clan as well as an entire ethnic group. Its walls and crannies are covered with African carvings and an original painting by the African American artist and writer Romare Bearden. The bookshelves include the Riverside Shakespeare and "Parting the Waters," Taylor Branch's history of the civil rights movement. (John Iacovelli did the Matrix production's evocative set design.)
In a program note, writer Carrie Hughes traces the African American history of Oak Bluffs to the late 1700s. The community swelled during World War II with African American "doctors, lawyers, dentists, teachers and business people, as well as politicians and artists."
In that rarefied milieu, "Stick Fly" shapes up less as a play about race per se than about the economic and social distance that separates the LeVay brothers, Kent (Chris Butler) and Flip (Jason Delane), and their successful doctor father ( John Wesley) from Kent's working-class, hyper-intellectual, hyper-opinionated girlfriend, Taylor (Michole Briana White) and the family's disgruntled young housekeeper (Tinashe Kajese), all of whom are African American.
"When I wrote the play, I knew I was writing a play about class," said Diamond, who grew up in what she describes as a single-parent, "solidly lower-middle-class home."
In fact, several of her play's plot points turn on matters of class, education and/or gender. Subtly, "Stick Fly" demonstrates that privilege, like discrimination, wears many masks, and is often invisible to those who benefit from it -- even, or perhaps especially, if they themselves are the victims of some form of discrimination.
The nature of privilege also figures as a theme of "Sag Harbor." Benji casually confesses to his youthful ignorance of some of the canonical heroes and cultural idols of African American history, such as W.E.B. DuBois. He's aware at some level that his own more fortunate lifestyle was made possible by his ancestors' sacrifices. But he's also liberated by not being constantly consumed with that historical legacy.
Whitehead, author of the novels "The Intuitionist," "John Henry Days" and "Apex Hides the Hurt" as well as a book of essays about his hometown, "The Colossus of New York," said that "the hopes and dreams of my grandparents' generation," those African Americans who first started coming out to Sag Harbor, were obviously different from those of him and his childhood friends.
"Definitely they were part of this scene, a really new emergent black middle class. And for them to go out there was something that they were inventing. You know, they wanted it and they went for it, and no one's going to tell them no."
His parents, living through the civil rights era, also had their own, different perspectives and motivations, he said. "And then for our generation, [we would] sort of take their struggles for granted, playing with ' Star Wars' figures in the dirt. Not aware of this whole history, just being the beneficiaries, the clueless beneficiaries."
For Whitehead, Sag Harbor symbolized something of a refuge from his family's life in New York City, where "I was a target for the police if I was in the wrong place at the wrong time." (Once, as a high school senior, he was taken to a police station in handcuffs after being falsely fingered as a robber.)
Not that Sag Harbor was an idyll. "If we were out of Sag Harbor we were out of our territories," he said. "And you couldn't just go strolling around, driving aimlessly around through the streets of East Hampton."
Yet for Benji, Sag Harbor represents a world of dawning possibilities, in which worries over "keeping it real" and acting "authentic" can be allayed, the stereotype-filled "great narrative of black pathology" can be set aside (at least from Memorial Day to Labor Day) and it's OK to like Siouxsie and the Banshees as well as Run-DMC.
"I probably would've had too much anxiety about being called 'bourgie' if I had written this book in the '90s," Whitehead acknowledged. "Like I can't reveal that I actually had a comfortable upbringing."
Are we in a different place now? "No, I'm in a different place," he said. "This is the way it went down, and I don't care if you know that."


text:
On Wednesday, the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit issuehits newstands and the folks at SI have graciously given us permission to run some of their best covers for the purpose of asking you, which one is your favorite?
I'd say the favorite is always Cheryl Tiegs, but I'm going to go with Petra Nemcova's 2003 cover. Love the eyes and love the string. (I'm probably not allowed to say much more than that.)
Programming Update: Swimsuit cover model Bar Refaeli will be with us live in the CNBC studios on "Power Lunch" today. PL airs 12-2pm/ET.
Check out the covers, and then vote in our poll.


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Metal Gear Solid V isn't out yet. Heck, there wasn't even a playable demo at this year's Tokyo Game Show. Until we get our hands on it, all we can do is wait. Good thing there are talented cosplayers to help pass the time.
At this year's Tokyo Game Show, Metal Gear cosplay queen Omi Gibson was on hand, bringing her cosplay magic and cosplay friends to MGSV.
Have a look below and check out that Hideo Kojima cosplay. Talk about realistic!
Omi [Twitter]
To contact the author of this post, write to bashcraftATkotaku.com or find him on Twitter @Brian_Ashcraft.
Kotaku East is your slice of Asian internet culture, bringing you the latest talking points from Japan, Korea, China and beyond. Tune in every morning from 4am to 8am.


text:
ADDISON — The Addison Planning Commission on Sept. 16 formally adopted its new proposed update to zoning regulations and agreed to forward the laws to the town selectboard.
Chairman Frank Galgano said planners opted to make only minor changes to the document after the formal public hearing they held the week before.
"Essentially it's the same proposal we presented on that evening," Galgano said.
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MIDDLEBURY — Members and friends of the United Methodist Church in Middlebury met on Sunday afternoon, Sept. 15, and affirmed the new direction of their ministry. Don Jochum, church lay leader and chair of the new coordinating committee presided.
MIDDLEBURY — The Middlebury College women's soccer team opened its season with two disappointments, an overtime loss at Amherst when the Panthers were missing their entire freshman class due to a scheduling conflict, and a weather-shortened tie at Keene State, a game they were dominating.
But since then, the Panthers have looked like the team that played well enough in 2012 to host an NCAA Division III regional, the program's seventh NCAA appearance.
BRISTOL — The Mount Abraham Union High School girls' and boys' cross-country runners each finished third among four teams on Tuesday in the Eagles' only home meet of the season.
The Eagle girls were paced by senior Natalie May, who was sixth in 22:12, while junior Chris Carter took fourth to lead the Mount Abe boys.
ADDISON COUNTY — In local high school boys' soccer action on Tuesday, Mount Abraham won on the road to reach the midpoint of the regular season with an unbeaten record, Vergennes won at home in double overtime to reach .500, and Middlebury lost at home. Otter Valley (3-3) was idle earlier this week.
Field Hockey
9/23 OV vs. Fair Haven .......................... 4-0
9/25 CVU vs. MUHS ................................ 1-1
9/25 Rutland vs. OV ................................ 2-1
9/25 Mt. Abe vs. S. Burlington.................. 1-0
Girls' Soccer
9/23 Mill River vs. MUHS........................ 4-1
ADDISON COUNTY — At approximately 7 p.m. on this past Saturday, Sept. 21, Vermont State Police were called to a horse vs. vehicle collision in the Monkton Boro in Monkton
Driver David Wood, 61, of South Burlington told Trooper Armstrong that he and his wife were headed to a friend's house when a large, dark-colored horse came running onto the roadway. Wood said that by the time the horse was visible it was too late to avoid the collision.
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text:
Hermetically Sealed, Very High Speed, Logic Gate Optocouplers
Currently Viewing:
The HCPL-5431 is a high reliability Class H two channel hermetically sealed optocoupler in an 8-Pin ceramic DIP package. Gold plated leads, solder dipped leads and various lead form options are also available. See the datasheet for details.
The product is capable of operation and storage over the full military temperature range and may also be purchased as either commercial grade, with full MIL-PRF-38534 Class Level K testing or from the DLA Standard Microcircuit Drawing 5962-89571. The HCPL-5431 is manufactured and tested on a MIL-PRF-38534 certified line and is included in the DLA Qualified Manufacturers List QML-38534 for Hybrid Microcircuits.
Each channel contains an AlGaAs light emitting diode which is optically coupled to an integrated high gain photon detector. This combination results in very high data rate capability. The detector has a threshold with hysteresis which typically provide 0.25 mA of differential mode noise immunity and minimizes the potential for output signal chatter. The detector in the single channel units has a three state output stage which eliminates the need for a pull-up resistor and allows for direct drive of a data bus.
All units are compatible with TTL, STTL, LSTTL, and HCMOS logic families. The 35 ns pulse width distortion specification guarantees a 10 MBd signaling rate at 125 degrees C with 35% pulse width distortion.
Package styles for this die set in one or two channels are 8-Pin DIP through hole and 20 pad leadless ceramic chip carrier. Most devices may be purchased with a variety of lead forms and plating options. See the datasheet for details.
Because the same electrical die (emitters and detectors) are used for each channel of each device listed in the datasheet, absolute maximum ratings, recommended operating conditions, electrical specifications, and performance characteristics shown in the datasheet figures are virtually identical for all parts. Occasional exceptions exist due to package variations and limitations and are as noted. Additionally, the same package assembly processes and materials are used in all devices. These similarities give justification for the use of data obtained from one part to represent other parts performance for reliability and certain limited radiation test results.
- High Reliability, Two Channel, 8-Pin DIP
- Performance Guaranteed from -55 degC to 125 degC
- MIL-PRF-38534 Class H, QML-38534
- Dual Marked with Device Part Number and DLA Standard Microcircuit Drawing
- High Radiation Immunity
- Reliability Data
- MIL-PRF-38534 Class K Available
- Three Hermetically Sealed Package Configurations
- Two Channel Devices (may be different package)
- High Speed: 40 M bit/s
- Active (Totem Pole) Outputs
- CMR: 500 V/µs Guaranteed
- 1500 Vdc Withstand Test Voltage
- Three Stage Output Available
- Compatible with TTL, STTL,LSTTL, and HCMOS Logic Families
- Military and Aerospace
- High Reliability Systems
- Transportation, Medical, and Life Critical Systems
- Isolation of High Speed Logic Systems
- Switching Power Supplies
- Isolated Bus Driver (Networking Applications)
- Ground Loop Elimination
- Computer-Peripheral Interfaces
- Pulse Transformer Replacement
- High Speed Disk Drive I/O
- Digital Isolation for A/D, D/A Conversion
- Harsh Industrial Environments
Lifecycle Status
|Distrib. Inventory
|CMR (min.) (V/µs)
|Hermetic 8 Pin DIP
|Product Type
|Hermetic High Speed Logic Gate
|Reliability Class
|MIL-PRF-38534 Class H
|PWD (max.)
|35 ns
|Prop Delay (tPHL) Max. (µs)
|60 ns
|IF Min. (mA)
|6 mA
|Hysteresis (mA)
|0.25 mA
|Prop Delay (tPLH) Max. (µs)
|60 ns


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Carolyn Hax: Eldest child feels jealous of pampered brother
Adapted from a recent online discussion.
Dear Carolyn: I'm the eldest of four children, my family's "guinea pig." Despite that, I did very well, my parents were very supportive, and I have generally loved being an eldest sister.
However, Brother is now 13 and applying to high schools. He and my parents feel an all-boys school is better than my high school, and although they say they are proud of me, I can't help but feel slighted.
It also seems like my parents are putting more time into my brother than they did into me. They keep track of his homework, help him study for the standardized test coming up, and so on. Dad also decided to teach Brother coding and robotics. I missed out on this, though he intends to teach me over break.
Part of me is really proud to see Brother being so successful, and part of me is jealous that I didn't get this kind of attention. How do I get over these feelings so I don't end up resentful?
Parents often talk about how each of their kids has different needs. What you don't hear as much is that each kid often gets different parents. People change through experience and happenstance and just general erosion. You can't get mad at your parents for learning to be better parents — well, you can, but it seems to be about as productive as getting mad at dogs for being hairy.
Consider this, too: You, as the oldest, got your novice parents' full attention as a baby while the youngest probably did some hard playpen time. That's just how big families make it all work. Then, as the older kids are successively catapulted out of the house, the youngest remains to soak up the full attention of now veteran parents.
I can't tell you how to feel, but I can speak for myself: I try to save my jealousy and resentment for responses to the deliberate behavior of others, instead of wasting it on accidents of fate or timing.
(Then of course I try not to feel jealous or resentful at all, because that just takes crappy circumstances and adds crappy feelings to them — because even if you kid yourself that you're just seeking fairness or justice or whatever else, you're still gaining mostly angst.)
So, take advantage of the coding and robotics lessons you're about to get instead of cursing the fact that you're getting them late. In general, too, keep in mind the advice I've taken to heart from a reader-advice column (bit.ly/RunYOrace): Run your own race.
Re: Sibling: I was going to copy-and-paste this for my daughter, but as the middle child, she never got the advantage of being the initial sole focus, either. Did she get the best of both worlds, or the worst? Probably somewhere in between (as usual).
Right. Middles often enjoy an opportunity to be out of the glare of their parents' attention, allowing more room to try different things. They get parents that aren't as green as the ones the olders had, but not as burned out as the youngers.
This is generalizing, but in service of an even more useful generalization: It's not what you get, it's how you use it that counts.


text:
InternalWealth needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 59 designs submitted by 20 freelance designers.
Roblin Travel
Roblin Travel & Cruise has been in business in Chilliwack since 1946 and is second generation owned and operated. We are very proud of this fact and that we have been one of Chilliwacks leading agencies during this time. We believe the reason for this is the total commitment of all of us in delivering professional, friendly service and information all the while being competitive with our pricing.
People interested in travel who wish to build a trust-based relationship with their travel consultant - rather than just purchase online.
Roblin Travel is a hands-on, custom travel consultancy. We take care of the details and get to know our clients travel needs.
- Sun-oriented feel
- Boutique, custom travel service (opposite of large online booking service).
- Clean, professional look.
- We are relationship builders / based on trust
- We take care of the details
- Client receives professional service from start to finish.
- Logo should be more horizontal than vertical
- A sample of the new site currently being developed (as well as the old logo) can be found here:
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


text:
It was all good just a few months ago…
Earlier this year, Diggy Simmons released a diss record titled, 'What you Say', aimed at J. Cole after he heard a 2010 track where Cole subliminally rapped about hooking up with Diggy's sister Vanessa while in college. [You can hear that here]. After the Diggy track was released, J. Cole stayed relatively quiet and the two called a truce back in July.
Everything seemed kosher until this past weekend, when J. Cole fired the beef back up. While performing on the BET's Music Matters tour with Kendrick Lamar in Charlotte, he spit a freestyle taking shots at Diggy:
'Picture me hating on a young ni–a with talent
Album flopped, but it's cool, he caked out on his allowance…'
Soon after, word got back to Tyrese who hopped on Twitter and took a shot at J. Cole, while defending Diggy:
"Sh-t ain't gonna fly no more…J Cole…Diggy is family…Sh-t ain't flyin!
Ps..I'm grown….
Meanwhile, Diggy has released a track on The Breakfast Club this morning called 'Fall Down', in which he responded to J. Cole:
Don't know how any grown rapper would consider me a subject
And I ain't even got my first Benz sitting on dubs yet
I guess I rattled you, snaggletooth
You know better
Thought J stood for Jermaine, not Jet Setter
You seen me and shook my hand, coppin' pleas in person
Now you whack, less than a man, mention me in verses.
You used to have dreams of my big sister kissin' ya
now it's nightmares of a lil' brotha dissin' ya.
Sneak disses and jabs, I don't really see the benefit
But I guess you lame enough, probably keep you relevant
Maybe you should have signed with me, instead of Mr. Carter
He wrapped up the verse with the line:
'This verse may as well be a hearse, Killed you and ain't even curse, n-gga'.
This is all quite funny and ridiculous. If they were both on the same label, I'd call a conspiracy. Why is a 17 year old who grew up in the lap of luxury beefing with anyone? And why won't J. Cole go and pick on someone his own size?
So many questions..
Pop the hood to check out video of J. Cole's freestyle and listen to Diggy's response below:


text:
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Exciton Annihilation Simulator
Simulates exciton-exciton annihilation behavior of organic semiconductors measured by pump-probe spectroscopy
Version 1.2 - published on 25 Aug 2014
doi:10.4231/D3696ZZ7W cite this
This tool is closed source.
Citations Non-affiliated (1) | Affiliated (0)
Non-affiliated authors
- Michael Heiber, Ali Dhinojwala, (2013), "Estimating The Magnitude Of Exciton Delocalization In Regioregular P3HT", The Journal of Physical Chemistry, ACS Publications, 117, 42: pg: 21627-21634, (DOI: jp403396v)


text:
|Columbia University 1968
|1968 Home
Frank da CruzThese are some screen shots I made from the Newsreel film Columbia Revolt (which is now available from Amazon on this DVD) to accompany my main narrative here, chosen mainly for the interest to me personally... friends, events where I took part, and more than a few pictures of me :-) I was disappointed to find that the sequence I was most interested in seeing again is missing from every digital copy of this film I can find: Teddy Gold and I sharing a big jug of apple juice in the Hamilton Hall lobby shortly before the third bust. That sequence was in the film version, which was screened at Columbia by Eric Foner in 1988 on the 20th anniversary of the uprising and to see it then was moving in light of what happened with Teddy. It also shows the proper way to drink from a gallon jug.
May 2013
My son Peter remarked to me in 1988 as we watched the film (which kept breaking and having to be rethreaded into the projector, or jamming and melting frames), he found it almost incredible how articulate, knowledgeable, committed, and courageous Columbia students had been 20 years earlier, compared to the clueless slackers of the late 1980s. I can only observe that now, 25 years after that, he hadn't seen anything yet. In 1968 we did all we could to stop the wars and fight the racism and economic injustice. There were Columbia students who dropped out and devoted the rest of their lives to the struggle; you can see some of them below. Meanwhile the wars never stop, racism has intensified, poor and working people are under seige, and at Columbia it is "back to business" (literally) with a vengeance.
The screenshots are in film order, which is not necessarily chronological. The film was viewed using the VLC media player, which is the first one I came across that could play the downloadable versions of this film and allow pausing and moving back and forth. Frames captured by SnagIt.
(Click on any photo to enter)
By the way, the missing segment is one of a series of disappointments with transfer of films to DVD. Another is the film The Seven Ups (1973), a gritty NYC cops and car-chase movie, in which the scene where the car chase goes through the Columbia neighborhood (showing its down-to-earth pre-gentrification ambiance) was cut. Even worse, the 1968 film, Up the Down Staircase, had a scene featuring the kids in my Project Double Discovery unit cut out (otherwise there are some good location shots around 116th Street and Pleasant Avenue at Benjamin Franklin High School). It seems almost every time I go to show my kids some old movie that had an especially significant scene, the scene is missing.
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