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August 23, 2011
A large study by a team from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) finds the Cervarix human papillomavirus vaccine, which protects against cervical cancer caused by HPV, also offers strong protection against HPV-related anal cancer.
Cervarix targets HPV types 16 and 18, the strains most responsible for cervical cancer. These also "cause the bulk of anal cancers," explained study leader Dr. Aimee Kreimer of NIH's National Cancer Institute.
Researchers analyzed anal tissue specimens in a group of 4,210 healthy women ages 18-25 in Costa Rica. About half the women received Cervarix in three doses, and the other half received a placebo vaccine. After four years, the women were tested for anal and cervical HPV 16 and 18 infections.
Adapted from:
08.22.2011; Julie Steenhuysen
No comments have been made.
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We understand everything by reference to something else — or at least, language demands that we describe everything in this way. Politically, analogy is a really effective and intuitive way to make an argument and provides a ready shortcut to sympathy for your cause. It can also be lazy, inaccurate, inappropriate, and even oppressive.
Some analogies are obviously farcical — the suspicion people have towards the wealthy, for example, is rooted in entirely different motivations than the disdain people have towards the poor. Modern liberal thinking offers discrimination as a metonym for all oppression, with prejudice as its cause and individualisation as the solution. But while prejudice is arguably problematic in its own right, discrimination is only one aspect of oppression. (As a start, others might include erasure, marginalisation, fetishisation, tokenism, appropriation, exploitation, segregation, assimilation …)
But discrimination, with its assumption of of original equality thwarted by individual prejudice (rather than systemic inequality which requires active resistance), is the most popular and persistent understanding of oppression. And it lends itself nicely to generic policies that supposedly protect a myriad of identities and positions, always power-evasive in its language, as though, for example, discrimination "on the basis of sexual orientation" is as likely against heterosexuals as against queers.
The discourse of anti-discrimination reinforce a notion that all oppressions are similar. And while I may well agree that different types of oppression are equal, I think that analogising one to another stunts our knowledge of either. I'm as guilty of the practice as anyone, if not more, and it is so much easier to compare something strange to something familiar than try to explain it in its own terms. But I also think it's vital to understand any type of oppression in its historical, cultural and social particularities.
Within radical activist communities, there's some awareness that eliding another's experience to your own can be oppressive in re-centring your own position. But I want to fight even my own tendency to explain different oppressions and privileges I experience in reference (rather than in relation) to each other. In thinking about oppression, I want to discriminate more.
Perhaps because the most violently overt forms of skin-colour-based racism are fairly widely recognised as unacceptable, race often seems to be the default point of reference for all oppression. Even putting aside the fact that racism varies in every country, at any time, for each specific racialised group, as well as members of any racialised group in conjunction with other factors in their lives, racism generally has characteristics and conditions that aren't applicable to other oppressions.
This isn't about hierarchy. It's about specificity. Three very crude examples:
One reason classism is not so much like racism because while your racial identity might change across cultures, within a society an individual's racial identity is usually stable throughout their lives, though they may be positioned differently day to day. Individual class mobility being greater, most people are more willing to understand class as a (relative, temporary) position rather than an (essential, immovable) identity.
One reason sexism is not so much like racism is that intimate, affectionate, companionate relationships are expected across gender boundaries and often considered a key site in which gender is contested and patriarchal power asserted. Intimate, affectionate, companionate relationships across racial boundaries are often imagined instead as proof of equality, in the sense of evidence rather than test (which might be more appropriate).
One reason heterosexism is not so much like racism is due to how the individual relates to the family and society at large. Most people have family members who are similarly racialised, and if not, race rarely needs to be disclosed or announced in the way that various queer identities are. The experience (or rejection) of personal disclosure situates the subject differently in relation to sexuality, compared to race or gender identity which is assigned.
Another analogy that caught my eye recently was in Tobi Hill-Meyer's article on transmisogyny, where she says:
When people who are attracted to women and have met only a few trans women announce that they would never date a trans women, that's transmisogyny. (Think about it, if a white person announced that they'd never date a black woman, especially if they had only met 2-3 black women in their life, we'd name that as being influenced by racism.)
you don't get to say you're attracted to women when you're only attracted to people assigned female at birth, or gender-normative women, or women with cunts.
In any case, people announce racialised sexual preferences all the time without it being called racist. People talk about how they have a thing for redheads, or blondes, or brunettes; how they think pallor is elegant or freckles are cute; even how they love skinny white boys(2). Apparently, as long as you articulate your preference as something more specific than white, the racial dimensions of your preference are excused or dissolved.
All this is not to say that we shouldn't ever analogise, or that we shouldn't ever try to build broader theories. I just want to think deeper before jumping to analogy, to tease out the differences and honour the particularities, to work on knowing something as itself.
1. I really liked Stuff White People Do's post on the central metaphor in To Kill a Mockingbird (comparing a black man to a bird). I plan to discuss metaphor further in my next post.
2. So there's this thing where people talk about thinking skinny white boys are hot like it's real radical. Sure, conventional beauty standards favour muscle and tan at times, but nowadays fashion at least is all about the Hedi Slimane silhouette and in any case it doesn't look like fat brown men are going to be trending any time soon.

subset: commoncrawl


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The fiber optic measurement kit contains a power source frame, a 1.25 mm adapter and a multimode attenuator.
No transceiver included in the power source. Combine with the SFP selection out of the accessory range.
No fiber meter included. Combine with the multimode or single mode device out of the accessory range.
Info about the included Light Source
Features & Benefits
- Ideal for field or laboratory testing
- Interchangeable SFP module design for wavelength flexibility
- Compatible to LC connectors


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Arsenic and Cancer Risk
Arsenic is known to cause cancer, as well as many other serious health problems. Here we review the hazards of arsenic exposure and ways people can protect themselves from these hazards.
What is arsenic?
Arsenic is a natural element that can be found in rocks and soil, water, air, and in plants and animals. It can also be released into the environment from some agricultural and industrial sources.
Although it is sometimes found in its pure form as a steel grey metal, arsenic is usually part of chemical compounds. These compounds are divided into 2 groups:
- Inorganic compounds (arsenic combined with elements other than carbon): These compounds are found in industry, in building products (such as some "pressure-treated" woods), and in arsenic-contaminated water. This is the form of arsenic that tends to be more toxic and has been linked to cancer.
- Organic compounds (arsenic combined with carbon and other elements): These compounds are much less toxic than the inorganic arsenic compounds and are not thought to be linked to cancer. These compounds are found in some foods, such as fish and shellfish.
How is arsenic used?
Arsenic compounds have been used in many ways, including:
- As a preservative in pressure-treated lumber
- In pesticides
- As a preservative in animal hides
- As an additive to lead (such as in lead-acid batteries) and copper
- In some glass manufacturing
- As arsine gas to enhance electrical junctions in semiconductors
Some of these uses have been discontinued in the United States, as described in later sections.
Although arsenic can be poisonous in higher doses, it has also been used in some medicines. In the 1800s and early 1900s, arsenic was commonly used to treat diseases such as syphilis and psoriasis. A form of arsenic is still used to treat an uncommon blood cancer known as acute promyelocytic leukemia.
How are people exposed to arsenic?
Arsenic occurs naturally in the environment, as well as being present in some man-made products. We normally take in small amounts in the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat. Most arsenic compounds have no smell or taste, so usually you can't tell if arsenic is in your air, food, or water.
People can also be exposed to higher levels of arsenic in some other ways. Very high doses have been used in murder or suicide attempts. Some jobs may expose workers to high levels over long periods of time when they breathe in or swallow dust that contains arsenic compounds, but such exposures are now rare in the United States.
People who live near current or former industrial or agricultural sources of arsenic can be exposed to higher levels by inhaling fumes or eating contaminated food. People can also take in higher levels of arsenic if they live in areas where arsenic levels are naturally high in the drinking water or if they eat a lot of rice or seafood (although the organic form found in seafood is likely to be much less harmful).
In food
For most people, food is the largest source of arsenic, although much of this is likely to be in the less dangerous, organic form. The highest levels of arsenic (in all forms) in foods can be found in seafood, rice, rice cereal (and other rice products), mushrooms, and poultry, although many other foods can contain low levels of arsenic.
Rice is of particular concern because it is a major part of the diet in many parts of the world. It is also a major component of many of the cereals eaten by infants and young children. (Nearly all rice products have been found to contain at least some arsenic, although the levels can vary widely.)
In drinking water
Drinking water is an important and potentially controllable source of arsenic exposure. In fact, drinking water is a major source of arsenic exposure in some parts of the world. In parts of Taiwan, Japan, Bangladesh, and western South America, high levels of arsenic occur naturally in drinking water.
Water in some areas of the United States, especially in the West, also naturally contains arsenic. Most US areas with higher levels of arsenic in drinking water are rural communities. Albuquerque, New Mexico, is the only urban area in the US with substantial natural arsenic levels in drinking water.
Arsenic levels tend to be higher in drinking water that comes from ground sources, such as wells, as opposed to water from surface sources, such as lakes or reservoirs.
Arsenic levels in public drinking water are regulated in the United States by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Since January 2006, the maximum level of arsenic allowed in US drinking water is 10 μg/L (micrograms per liter), or 10 ppb (parts per billion).
At work
Arsenic has not been produced in the United States since 1985, although it is imported from other countries. In the past, workers in smelters and in plants that manufactured, packaged, or distributed products that contained arsenic had high exposures from breathing in arsenic fumes and dust.
Arsenic was a common ingredient in many pesticides and herbicides in the past. People who made, transported, applied, or worked around these products may have been exposed to higher levels of arsenic. Inorganic arsenic compounds have not been used in pesticides in the US since 1993, and organic compounds have been phased out of pesticides (with one exception used on cotton plants) as of 2013.
Today workplace exposure to arsenic can still occur in some occupations that use arsenic, such as copper or lead smelting, and wood treating. Regulations in place can help limit this workplace exposure.
In the community
Communities near previous or current agricultural or industrial sources may be exposed to arsenic. Industrial buildings such as wood preservative and glass factories can contaminate nearby air, soil, and water. Communities near smelters, or near farm fields or orchards where arsenic pesticides were used, may also have contaminated soil. Burning fossil fuels (such as coal) and tobacco can also release small amounts of arsenic into the air.
In pressure-treated wood
Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) is a chemical preservative that helps protect wood from rot and insects. It was used to pressure-treat lumber that was used in some home foundations, decks, fences, playgrounds (play sets), and other structures for many decades. In fact, starting in the 1970s, most of the wood used in residential settings was CCA-treated wood.
The use of CCA in pressure-treated lumber for most residential (home) uses was stopped at the end of 2003 (although it is still used for industrial purposes). This was done because of concerns that some of the arsenic might leach out of the wood and enter the soil or be absorbed through the skin when the wood is touched. Wood that is frequently touched by children, such as that found in some playground equipment, is a special concern.
People can also be exposed to arsenic by breathing in sawdust from cut arsenic-preserved wood or by breathing the smoke from burning this wood.
Pressure-treated lumber for residential uses is now made with other compounds that do not contain arsenic. However, any structures built from lumber that was pressure-treated before 2004 may still contain CCA. (For more information, see the section "How can I limit my exposure to arsenic?")
Does arsenic cause cancer?
Exposure to high levels of arsenic has been linked to several types of cancer.
Researchers use 2 main types of studies to try to figure out if a substance or exposure causes cancer. (A substance that causes cancer or helps cancer grow is called a carcinogen.)
In studies done in the lab, animals are exposed to a substance (often in very large doses) to see if it causes tumors or other health problems. Researchers may also expose normal cells in a lab dish to the substance to see if it causes the types of changes that are seen in cancer cells. It's not always clear if the results from these types of studies will apply to humans, but lab studies are the best way to find out if a substance could possibly cause cancer in humans before widespread exposure occurs.
Another type of study looks at cancer rates in different groups of people. Such a study might compare the cancer rate in a group exposed to a substance to the rate in a group not exposed to it, or compare it to what the expected cancer rate would be in the general population. But sometimes it can be hard to know what the results of these studies mean, because many other factors that might affect the results are hard to account for.
In most cases neither type of study provides enough evidence on its own, so researchers usually look at both lab-based and human studies when trying to figure out if something causes cancer.
Studies in people
Many studies have looked at arsenic's potential to cause cancer. People can be exposed to arsenic in different ways (inhaling, ingesting, or through skin contact) and in different settings (in the workplace, in drinking water, in medical treatments, etc.), so it has been important to study different routes of exposure.
Workplace exposures
A number of studies have looked at cancer rates among people who worked with pesticides containing arsenic and those who worked in mines and copper smelters. These workers' inhaled exposures were often very high. These studies have followed thousands of workers for as long as 40 or 50 years. They have consistently shown an increase in lung cancer risk with higher and more prolonged exposures.
Some studies have also suggested that workers exposed to arsenic might be at higher risk for other cancers, including cancers of the skin, stomach, and kidneys, as well as leukemias and lymphomas. However, the results from these studies have not been as convincing.
Exposure from drinking water
Studies of people in parts of Southeast Asia and South America with high levels of arsenic in their drinking water have found higher risks of cancers of the bladder, kidney, lung, skin, and, less consistently, colon, prostate, and liver.
In most of these studies, the levels of arsenic in the water were many times higher than those typically seen in the United States, even in areas where arsenic levels are above normal.
There have not been as many studies looking at arsenic in drinking water and cancer in the United States. This is largely because for most Americans who are on public water systems, drinking water is not a major source of arsenic. The studies that have been done have generally not found a strong link between cancer and the lower levels of arsenic exposure typically seen in the US.
Exposure from medicines
In older studies, some cancers have been linked to exposure to arsenic in medicines. The strongest link has been found with skin cancer.
Studies done in the lab
Arsenic is rather unusual in that the evidence for it causing cancer is actually stronger in human studies than it is in studies done in the lab. Some studies have found higher rates of stomach, bladder, and lung cancers, leukemias, and lymphomas in certain species of animals exposed to high levels of inorganic arsenic. But other studies have not found an excess of tumors in lab animals exposed to arsenic.
What expert agencies say
Several national and international agencies study substances in the environment to determine if they can cause cancer. The American Cancer Society looks to these organizations to evaluate the risks based on evidence from laboratory, animal, and human research studies.
Based on the available evidence, several expert agencies have evaluated the cancer-causing potential of arsenic.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is part of the World Health Organization (WHO). Its major goal is to identify causes of cancer.
- IARC classifies arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds as "carcinogenic to humans", based on evidence from human studies that it can cause cancer of the lung, bladder, and skin. IARC also notes possible links between exposure to arsenic in drinking water and cancers of the kidney, liver, and prostate, although the evidence for these is not as strong.
- IARC classifies the organic arsenic compounds dimethylarsinic acid (also known as cacodylic acid) and monomethlyarsonic acid as "possibly carcinogenic to humans."
- IARC classifies other organic arsenic compounds as "not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity in humans."
The US National Toxicology Program (NTP) is formed from parts of several different government agencies, including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In its most recent Report on Carcinogens, the NTP classifies arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds as "known to be human carcinogens,"
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maintains the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), an electronic database that contains information on human health effects from exposure to various substances in the environment. The EPA classifies inorganic arsenic as a "human carcinogen," based on evidence in human studies of links to lung, bladder, kidney, skin, and liver cancers.
(For more information on the classification systems used by these agencies, see Known and Probable Human Carcinogens.)
Does arsenic cause any other health problems?
Both short- and long-term exposure to arsenic can cause health problems.
Short-term exposure
Breathing in high levels of arsenic may cause a sore throat and irritated lungs.
Swallowing high levels of arsenic can cause things like:
- Stomachache
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Muscle weakness and cramping
- "Pins and needles" sensations in hands and feet
- Skin changes or rashes
- Bruising (caused by blood vessel damage)
Exposure to high enough amounts of arsenic can be fatal.
Contact with the skin can cause redness and swelling, although it's not known if it can cause other health problems.
Long-term exposure
Exposure to lower levels of arsenic over longer periods of time can cause many of the same health problems listed above. It can also result in:
- Irregular heartbeat
- Liver and kidney damage
- A shortage of red and white blood cells, which can lead to fatigue and an increased risk of infections
Skin changes are a common sign of chronic arsenic exposure. The changes can include darkened patches of skin and the appearance of areas of thickened skin, usually on the palms and soles.
Are arsenic levels regulated?
Several US government agencies regulate arsenic levels and exposures, a few of which are described here.
The EPA limits concentrations of arsenic (in all forms) in drinking water to 10 ppb (parts per billion). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set a limit of 10 ppb in bottled water, and has also proposed a limit of 10 ppb in apple juice. There are no federal limits for arsenic in most foods.
The EPA has also set limits on the amount of arsenic that industrial sources can release into the environment and has restricted the use of arsenic in pesticides.
The Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), the federal agency responsible for health and safety regulations in most workplaces, limits workplace exposure to inorganic arsenic to 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air, averaged over an 8-hour period. When working at potentially higher exposure levels, OSHA requires employers to provide personal protective equipment such as respirators.
How can I limit my exposure to arsenic?
Arsenic is a naturally occurring element, so it's not possible to completely eliminate exposure to it. But there are some things you can do that may lower your exposure.
In drinking water
Public drinking water systems in the United States are required to test for arsenic and to keep it below a certain level (10 parts per billion). If your drinking water comes from a public source, you can find out about the levels of certain substances in your drinking water, including arsenic, by contacting your local water system. Each system is also required to give its customers an annual report on water quality known as a Consumer Confidence Report. This report lists the levels of certain chemicals and other substances in the water. You can also contact the EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791 for information about drinking water safety.
If you get your water from a private source such as a well, you may want to have your water tested for arsenic levels by a reputable laboratory. People who live in areas with high levels of arsenic in the water may consider using alternative sources of drinking water, such as bottled water. (The US Food and Drug Administration [FDA] sets the standards for allowable levels of arsenic in bottled water.) Common household water filters do not effectively remove arsenic.
In foods
Some foods naturally contain more arsenic than others. As mentioned above, rice and rice products are a particular concern because they are a major food source in many parts of the world and are included in the diets of many infants and children. The levels of arsenic in these products and their possible health effects are areas of active study. At this time, neither the FDA nor the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend specific limits on how much rice or rice products should be eaten, but they do recommend that families eat a wide variety of foods for a well-balanced diet that includes grains other than rice, such as wheat, barley and oats. This can help limit any possible health effects from eating too much of any one type of food.
Concerns have also been raised about arsenic levels in some fruit juices (particularly apple juice). The FDA has tested the arsenic levels in many apple juice products and has stated that it is confident in the overall safety of apple juice for children and adults. The AAP does not have specific recommendations regarding arsenic in fruit juices, but it has stated that children don't need to drink fruit juice to have a well-balanced, healthy diet. The AAP recommends limiting the intake of all sweet beverages, including juice, because of the risk for poor nutrition, obesity, and childhood cavities.
At work
If there is a chance you may be exposed to arsenic at work, important ways to reduce or prevent exposure include:
- Making engineering changes, such as substituting safer materials for more hazardous ones, enclosing a process that could expose workers to hazards, or ventilating a work area.
- Using personal protective equipment, such as gloves and respirators, as part of a workplace protective program.
- Using good work practices, such as changing clothes after work, washing work clothes regularly, and keeping food out of the work area.
If you are concerned about arsenic exposure in your workplace, discuss the situation with your employee health and safety representative or your employer. If needed, OSHA, the federal agency responsible for health and safety regulations in most workplaces, can provide more information or make an inspection.
In pressure-treated wood
Some pressure-treated lumber products contain an inorganic arsenic compound known as CCA that helps protect the wood against rot and insects. The sale of CCA-treated lumber for most residential (home) uses was stopped at the end of 2003. However, many structures such as home foundations, decks, fences, or playground play sets that contain CCA-treated lumber are still in use.
It is not clear if skin contact with arsenic from pressure-treated lumber can cause health problems, other than skin irritation in some people. However, a larger concern has been raised with its use around children, especially in play sets. Children might swallow small amounts of arsenic if they put their hands in their mouths after touching the wood or the soil around it.
A child's exposure to arsenic in CCA-treated playground equipment could vary based on many factors, including the amount of arsenic released from the CCA-treated wood, the amount of arsenic picked up on hands, the number of days the child plays on the wood, and the amount of arsenic transferred to the mouth by hand-to-mouth activity.
If you aren't sure if a wooden play set contains arsenic, contacting the play set manufacturer might help you find out. But if this information isn't available, it is safest to assume that it does.
To reduce exposure, the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) recommends that parents and caregivers make sure children's hands and other exposed body parts are thoroughly washed with soap and water after playing on all pressure-treated wood playground equipment. It has also been suggested that children not eat while on wooden playground equipment.
People concerned about arsenic exposure at home from wooden decks or play sets may want to consider applying a sealant on existing CCA-treated lumber surfaces each year. This may lower the amount of arsenic released from the wood.
The CPSC also recommends that CCA-treated wood not be used where routine contact with food or animal feed can occur, such as in areas used to plant vegetables, fruits, or herbs. If you have a garden vegetable planter made with CCA-treated wood, put a plastic liner in it before filling it with soil to reduce exposure to CCA.
Arsenic can also be released into the air when cutting or burning CCA-treated lumber. If you are cutting pressure-treated lumber, it is important to use proper safety equipment, including a mask, to limit your exposure, and to clean up any sawdust promptly. Do not burn pressure-treated lumber.
The EPA does not currently recommend removal of CCA-treated lumber, but if you decide to remove CCA-treated wood in a play set, deck, or other structure, contact the EPA or your state or local solid waste management offices to get instructions on how to dispose of it safely.
Contact an expert
If you are concerned about arsenic exposures at work, from drinking water, from treated wood, or from other sources, contact the EPA or your state or local health department for more information. You can also contact specialists in environmental and occupational medicine. They can assess exposure levels, evaluate current health problems that may be related to the exposures, and give you information concerning future risk and how to limit it. You can find qualified professionals and facilities by checking with the Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics (www.aoec.org).
What should I do if I think I've been exposed to arsenic?
Laboratory tests can measure arsenic levels in your blood, urine, hair, and fingernails. But these tests are not done routinely – they require sending the samples to a special laboratory.
A urine test is the most reliable method for identifying arsenic exposure within the past several days. But it can't detect long-term exposure because most arsenic leaves the body in urine within a few days. This test also can sometimes be misleading, because the organic forms of arsenic in fish and shellfish can give a high reading even if you haven't been exposed to the more toxic, inorganic forms of arsenic. For this reason, labs sometimes use a more complicated test to separate "fish arsenic" from other forms.
Tests of hair and fingernails can detect high-level arsenic exposures during the past 6 to 12 months, but these tests are not as good at detecting lower levels of exposure.
These tests can only measure arsenic levels. Unless the levels detected are very high, none of these tests can tell for certain if you are likely to have health problems in the future.
If a person has been exposed to very high amounts of arsenic over a short time, treatment to lower arsenic levels in the body may be recommended, especially if the levels are potentially life-threatening. But in cases of chronic exposure to lower levels of arsenic, the most important thing may be to remove the source of the arsenic to stop further exposure and allow the body to get rid of what remains. Some health problems caused by arsenic may improve over time, but others may not.
Because arsenic exposure can increase the risk of skin, bladder, lung, and possibly some other cancers, people who have been exposed should learn about other risk factors for these cancers and about things they can do that may help lower their risks.
Not smoking is especially important if you have been exposed to arsenic. Both arsenic exposure and smoking can increase your risk of lung, kidney, and bladder cancer. Tell your doctor if you develop symptoms that could be caused by these cancers, including a new cough (especially if it is bloody), hoarseness, blood in the urine, or a change in your urine habits (having to go more often, having pain when going, etc.). These symptoms are more likely to be caused by something other than cancer, but it is important to have them checked out.
Arsenic exposure and too much sun can both increase your risk of skin cancer. Practice sun safety and tell your doctor about any signs and symptoms such as new skin bumps or sores, or changes in old skin problems.
If you have been exposed to arsenic, ask your doctor about a proper schedule for skin exams. Based on your arsenic exposure and other factors, your doctor might consider using other early detection testing, such as urine cytology (checking urine for cancer cells under a microscope), although it's not clear how helpful such testing is.
Along with the American Cancer Society, other sources of information and support include:
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
Toll-free number: 1-888-422-8737 (1-888-42-ATSDR)
Website: www.atsdr.cdc.gov
Public Health Statement for Arsenic: www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp?id=18&tid=3
ToxFAQs™ for Arsenic: www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tf.asp?id=19&tid=3
Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics
Website: www.aoec.org
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Safe Drinking Water Hotline: 1-800-426-4791
Website: www.epa.gov
Arsenic in Drinking Water: http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/arsenic/index.cfm
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Website: www.fda.gov
Foodborne Illness and Contaminants – Arsenic: https://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/Metals/
Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA)
Toll-free number: 1-800-321-6742 (1-800-321-OSHA)
Website: www.osha.gov
Arsenic page: www.osha.gov/SLTC/arsenic
US Geologic Survey
Arsenic in Ground Water of the United States: http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/trace/arsenic
*Inclusion on this list does not imply endorsement by the American Cancer Society.
No matter who you are, we can help. Contact us anytime, day or night, for information and support. Call us at 1-800-227-2345 or visit www.cancer.org.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Public Health Statement for Arsenic. 2007. Accessed at www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp?id=18&tid=3 on May 30, 2014.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Case Studies in Environmental Medicine: Arsenic Toxicity. 2010. Accessed at www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.asp?csem=1&po=0 on May 30, 2014.
Frumkin H, Thun MJ. Arsenic. CA Cancer J Clin. 2001;51;254-262.
International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Volume 100C: Arsenic, Metals, Fibres, and Dusts. 2012. Accessed at http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol100C/index.php on May 30, 2014.
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Vol. 84: Some drinking-water disinfectants and contaminants, including arsenic. 2004. Accessed at http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol84/index.php on May 30, 2014.
Mead MN. Arsenic: In search of an antidote to a global poison. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113(6):A378-A386.
US Consumer Product Safety Commission. Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) -Treated Wood: Guidance for Outdoor Wooden Structures. 2011. Accessed at www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/122137/270.pdf on May 30, 2014.
US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program. Report on Carcinogens, Twelfth Edition. 2011. Accessed at http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/profiles/arsenic.pdf on May 30, 2014.
US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Arsenic. 2012. Accessed at www.osha.gov/SLTC/arsenic/index.html on May 30, 2014.
US Environmental Protection Agency. Integrated Risk Information System: Arsenic, inorganic (CASRN 7440-38-2). 1998. Accessed at www.epa.gov/ncea/iris/subst/0278.htm on May 30, 2014.
Last Medical Review: July 9, 2014 Last Revised: July 18, 2014
American Cancer Society medical information is copyrighted material. For reprint requests, please see our Content Usage Policy.


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Robert Nkemdiche Commits To Mississippi — National College Signing Day 2013
Robert Nkemdiche, the nation's top-ranked prep football player, announced his intention to sign with Mississippi on Wednesday.
The 6-foot-5, 260-pound defensive end from Grayson High School in Loganville, Ga. could give the Rebels and head coach Hugh Freeze a top 10 class on National Signing Day.
From SI.com writer Ben Glicksman -- "Nkemdiche's decision could help sew up the commitments of other top 2013 prospects. Five-star offensive tackle Laremy Tunsil will sign with Ole Miss, Alabama, Florida State or Georgia. Four-star safety Antonio Conner will select Ole Miss or 'Bama. And four-star offensive tackle Austin Golson will pick Ole Miss or Florida State."
Nkemdiche's brother, Denzel, is a linebacker at Ole Miss. He was named a Freshman All-American in 2012.


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How to roll your own Mac for under $240 via HAD. The useless ninja writes –
MSI is a company known mostly for its PC components. They recently jumped into the netbook bandwagon with just about every other major pc manufacturer. Their Eee like machine, the MSI Wind, ended up being an extremely popular little laptop. Along with the laptop they made a not too well known desktop with roughly the same dimensions as a ream of printer paper.
The MSI Wind PC is a great computer; I have three of them. It comes with a 1.6GHz Intel atom CPU, two SATA connections for 3.5″ and 5.25″ bays and 6 USB ports. You can pick a barebones one, requiring ram, a hard drive and possibly DVD drive, for $140 or so..


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Indeed. And I for one am ashamed for being much more of a "sheeple" than I have any right to be. In my defense, though, it's hard to interact consciously with the world all the time.
See, that's the thing -- people spend a lot of time on autopilot, and are generally quite mistaken in their ideas of what consciousness and intelligence do. It's...well, it's human. You can go into a trance state when navigating a familiar route for the umpteenth time, or argue words without ever really touching meaning, or respond impulsively with surprisingly-elaborate behaviors that would look deliberate from outside, but are mostly generated through neurological "scripts" as it were. And none of these are actually failure modes -- they're integral parts of the way our brains work, inconvenient or embarrassing though they might sometimes be.


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Ed's an EE and author in Poughkeepsie, NY. Contact him at [email protected] with "Dr Dobbs" in the subject to avoid spam filters.
Geeks sometimes have trouble finding appropriate gifts for their loved ones, and alas, I'm no exception. This past Christmas, I decided what Mary really needed was some assistance toward a long-standing goalorganizing our science fiction collection.
So I built her an ISBN bar-code scanner. Perfect gift, huh?
Even if your sweetie doesn't need one, the project serves as a good introduction to the world of small-scale programming. The mission statement seems straightforward: Read a bar-code wand, blink a few LEDs, and send a dozen ASCII characters corresponding to a valid bar code through a serial port.
Sounds easy enough, right?
Your resources include an 8-bit, sub-1-MIPS processor, 64 bytes of RAM for data, and 1 KB of Flash ROM for the program. Oh, by the way, the hardware doesn't include a serial port.
Here's a look at programming on the low end, down where one person can actually comprehend a complete project. If you've been working on enterprise-class jobs, you're in for a treat!
The Hardware
Figure 1 shows the entire project, tucked neatly into a 5-inch box. The chip behind the LEDs on the left, an Atmel AT89C1051 microcontroller, does all the heavy lifting. A MAX232 clone behind the 9-pin serial connector converts logic-level signals to proper serial-port voltages. The front panel, a transparent sheet of CNC-milled plastic, lacks even rudimentary labels because you just turn the thing on and start scanning.
The HP bar-code scanner wand was a surplus find that, as with many such treasures, lacks a part number. The HBCS-A000 datasheets seemed close enough, even if the connector pinout didn't match. I took a hint from Procrustes: I chopped off the impossible-to-match connector and replaced it with a 3.5-mm stereo headphone plug.
Four nickel-metal-hydride AA cells provide over a week of normal use. The microcontroller monitors the battery voltage and lights a red LED when it's recharge time. If this were a commercial project, you'd expect a power jack and a battery charger but, being a geek, I find nothing wrong with just popping the top and swapping the cells.
The schematic in Figure 2 shows the microcontroller and I/O circuitry, which are the most interesting bits of the project. I omitted the battery, MAX232, and some other odds and ends.
The Atmel AT89C1051 single-chip microcontroller descends from the Intel 8051 series, which was introduced in 1980 and remains alive and well today. Although the 8051 architecture can best be described as weird, it accurately fits the low end of the embedded-systems market and has hundreds of variants from a dozen manufacturers.
Even if you've never pondered a schematic before, you can tell there isn't much involved in the "computer" part of this project. A single-chip microcontroller means exactly that: One chip provides all the logic functions.
How much can you fit into 1024 bytes of instruction space?
Timing Is Everything
The oval silver can between the 89C1051 and the batteries, labeled Q1 in the schematic, is the quartz crystal setting the CPU's clock frequency to exactly 11.0592 MHz. Why not a nice, round 12.0000 MHz?
A current high-end CPU multiplies its external clock by a large factor to produce the internal clock that controls its circuitry. For example, a 3-GHz Pentium multiplies an external 200-MHz clock by 15 to get a 333 ps instruction time. Not coincidentally, it also confines the microwave frequencies to a single chip where distributing them is merely very difficult.
In contrast, the 8051 divides the external clock by a factor of 12. A single-cycle instruction thus executes in 1.08507 ms, a cool factor of 3255 slower than the Pentium. The original architecture dates back to the era when decoding simple instructions required a multistage pipeline with access to glacially slow memories. Even though contemporary variants have single-clock-cycle execution, there's still a demand for backward compatibility.
The original 8051 included a hardware serial port, with the bit rate equal to fractions of 1/32 of the instruction rate:
A 9600 baud port sends a bit every 104.167 ms, which makes n=3. Any other crystal frequency wouldn't divide down to the proper serial port rate, so the serial I/O bit rate determines the clock crystal frequency. As we'll see, sending serial bits in software still requires that odd crystal.
You can get 11.0592-MHz crystals from nearly any crystal supplier, which should tell you something about the 8051 architecture's market share.
Instruction-processing times on high-end microprocessors depend on so many factors that you can no longer even estimate the time required to execute a given chunk of code. In pleasant contrast to all that, Listing One is a simple 1-msec delay routine consisting of a few loop instructions.
The 8051 has 255 unique instructions, each of which executes in either one or two instruction cycles: 1.08 or 2.16 microseconds. You can write a routine, tally the instruction cycle times, and know exactly how long the CPU will spend working on it!
Timing the Bars
Large-system application programs deal with I/O in terms of high-level API functions, where packets and streams of tidy data magically funnel in and out of system memory. The notion of a user program directly controlling an I/O port pretty much died with Windows 98, as did any link between program execution and real-time I/O.
Microcontroller programs have an intimate relationship with the external world, because such things as intelligent peripheral controllers don't exist. Indeed, microcontrollers tend to be those controllers: Processing raw data and passing it up the line to more complex programs that prefer not to handle the details. That's exactly what my bar-code scanner does by converting raw timing data from the HP wand into ASCII characters.
The top trace of the oscilloscope image in Figure 3 shows the wand's output for a typical bar code. The voltage is high (about 5 volts) when the wand sees a black bar. Although the bars are nominally multiples of a unit width, the pulse width for each bar depends on both the actual printed width and how fast the wand moves across the book cover.
Listing Two shows what happens at each edge. Oddly, the 8051 lacks a one-bit exclusive-OR instruction, so detecting and acting on an input change requires four instructions.
The 16-bit hardware timer counts instruction cycles when control bit TR0 is turned on by a SETB instruction. Because 8051 has an 8-bit datapath, you must read and process the high (TH0) and low (TL0) bytes in two distinct operations. Rookies often forget that reading the whole timer isn't an atomic operation, an error that causes bizarre intermittent failures.
The code turns the BusyOut bit off to indicate it's waiting for a bar edge and turns the bit on when it's finished saving the time. BusyOut is thus high when the firmware is doing something useful with the bar times, as shown in the bottom trace of Figure 2. You can tell that the firmware spends nearly all its time waiting for the next edge!
With a raw bar pulse width in hand, the next step is to figure out what it means. This requires a trip into the land of algorithms rather than brute I/O.
Bare-Bone Algorithms
ISBN bar codes start (on the left) with three guard bars that form the high-low-high pattern on the left of Figure 3. The next four bars (low, high, low, high) encode the first ISBN digit. Now, in theory, bar widths are 1, 2, 3, or 4 times a nominal unit bar, but you can see that the vagaries of printing and manual scanning produce a variety of widths, even across seven bars!
The widths of the four bars in each ISBN digit add up to 7 unit bar widths, so that you can compute a nominal unit width for each digit and decode its bars relative to that width. The algorithm seems straightforward: Add up the widths for each digit, divide by 7 to get the nominal width, then divide each bar's width by that value.
Unfortunately, the 8051 DIV instruction divides the 8-bit B register by the 8-bit ACC. Dividing a 16-bit quantity by an 8-bit quantity thus requires the usual subtract-and-shift long division you forgot shortly after that Comp Sci 201 final. Oh, you must implement the division using just 8-bit rotates through the carry flag.
Not only is that a bulky routine, it's also time consuming. The good news is that the 8051 can multiply B times ACC to get a 16-bit result, so I used a little fixed-point math-fu: Multiply the high byte of the total time by 256/7.
Homework: Show why the 16-bit product is actually a pretty good approximation for typical ISBN pulse widths. Hint: It's okay to limit the minimum useful bar width by the calculation time.
With the nominal bar width in hand, the code can normalize the digit's four bar widths, a process that seems to require 16-by-16 divisions. Once again, there's an easier way: each bar will be too short, one of four possible widths, or too long. Given six possible quotients, division is too big a hammer.
Listing Three shows the first part of that routine. It begins by subtracting half the nominal width, so that a set Carry flag indicates a runt pulse. The rest of the code, which I don't have room for here, performs four successive subtractions of the nominal width to peel out the valid bars. At the end, a cleared Carry flag means the pulse was too long.
I actually did use a 16-bit subtraction subroutine for the rest of the operations. Because the 8051 has a painfully limited variety of pointers, the routine always uses the same four registers. In this context, "reusable code" means you must arrange the caller's context to match the subroutine's expectations, not the other way around.
The code then searches a table of bar width patterns to determine which digit the four bars represent. The 8051 has only one counted-loop construct, the DJNZ instruction, which decrements a register and branches if it's not zero.
Homework: Convert a possibly invalid bar pattern into a single ASCII digit, given an increment-only table pointer and a decrement-only counter. Hint 1: Pack the four width codes into a byte. Hint 2: Your first table layout will be wrong.
The rest is easy: After processing all the digits on the fly, simply squirt them through a single output bit in ordinary 9600 baud, 8-N-1 asynchronous serial format. Because the AT89C1051 doesn't have a hardware serial port, your code must ensure each bit hits the output pin at precisely the right moment. But that should be easy by now, right?
Speaking of easy, error handling at this level is almost trivial. When the code detects any error, whether a too-short bar or an invalid digit, it simply sounds a beep (software timing, again), blinks a red LED, and branches to a routine that simulates a power-on reset. As with most deeply embedded applications, there isn't a whole lot the user could do in any case, so the error handling must be entirely automatic.
Reentry Checklist
Despite what you may think, the 8051 isn't the worst microcontroller out there. In my opinion, the Microchip PIC series represents an almost perfect triumph of marketing over engineering. Programming at this level presents a whole new set of challenges, along with a definite thrill at seeing your new gadget do something useful. Better than watching phosphor dots, anyway.
The whole ISBN bar-code reader occupies about 500 bytes of code and uses 30 bytes of RAM. Obviously it doesn't have nearly enough features!
It turns out most of our SF collection predates ISBNs, let alone those newfangled bar-code thingies, but Mary's count just hit 1 kilobook anyway.
The Tellico collection manager, found at http://www.periapsis.org/tellico/, or included with your Linux distro, fetches book information by ISBN/author/title and handles database functions. It can export its database in Palm-DB format for my PDA, so we know what we don't need when we're deep in the used-book stacks.
Find bar-code wand datasheets at http://www.datasheetcatalog.com/. The Official ISBN Bar Code Doc is at http://www.isbn-international.org/ and a Linux kernel-based bar-code reader is at http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/4545/. More on Procrustes at http://www.mythweb.com/ teachers/why/basics/procrustes.html.
A ZIP file containing the full schematic, PCB layout, source code, and HEX file is available electronically; see "Resource Center," page 5. Even though it's not commercial-quality stuff, if it helps scratch your itch, you're welcome to it!
Wait1ms: PUSH ACC ; 2 cycles MOV A,#200 ; 1 cycle NOP ; 1 cycle W1_1: DJNZ ACC,W1_1 ; 400 cycles W1_2: DJNZ ACC,W1_2 ; 512 cycles POP ACC ; 2 cycles RET ; 2 + 2 for CALLBack to article
Listing Two
WaitBar: CLR BusyOut ; show we're at a new bar SETB BarBitIn ; ensure it's still an input MOV C,BarBitIn ; save current state MOV F0,C WB_Stall: CPL SpinOut ; show we're spinning JB TF0,WB_Fail ; reset on timeout (64k ms) MOV C,F0 ; XOR old & new state JNB BarBitIn,WB_0 CPL C ; change => 1 WB_0: JNC WB_Stall ; 0 => no change CLR TR0 ; stop Timer0 MOV R3,TH0 ; save bar time MOV R2,TL0 MOV TH0,#HIGH 10 ; fudge for stop/start overhead MOV TL0,#LOW 10 SETB TR0 ; start Timer0 CLR SpinOut ; down until next spin SETB BusyOut RET WB_Fail: JMP CrashReset ; restart on timeoutBack to article
Listing Three
MOV A,R7 CLR C RRC A MOV B,ACC ; save high byte MOV A,R6 RRC A ; ACC = low byte XCH A,R2 ; compute low byte CLR C SUBB A,R2 XCH A,R2 ; R2 gets low result MOV A,B ; compute high byte XCH A,R3 SUBB A,R3 XCH A,R3 ; R3 get high result JC FW_fail ; C means < 0, errorBack to article


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No matter how you say it, the bottom line is we believe that you will never get more out of something than you put into it. CCFP Springfield Missouri is privelaged to take part in an important system that invests in the nutrition and diet of our young people.
The Child Care Food Program is a reimbursement program for licensed day care/group home providers. It is administered by the United States Department of Agriculture and managed and directed by the Missouri Department of Health. The CCFP Springfield Missouri program is sponsored by the Council of Churches of the Ozarks, a non-profit organization.
The Child Care Food Program can help you serve nutritious meals and snacks and improve the diet of the children 12 years of age and younger by providing you with:
- Training Sessions
- Newsletters
- Recipes and Meal Planning Ideas
...for the children
Meals are served that meet USDA nutrition requirements; these meals not only help the child learn and grow today but also help the child learn eating principals that will help them achieve their fullest potential in the future.
...for the parents
Parents are assured that their child(ren) receive high quality meals and no extra cost to them.
...for the provider
Providers can afford to furnish higher quality meals to children in care without straining other program resources.
...for the community
In helping to meet the total nutritional needs of young children in out-of-home settings, the CCFP results in significant enrichment and improvement of the quality of child care provided communities.


text:
NEW YORK (Reuters) - One in six New Yorkers was unable to afford to buy meals on a regular basis this year and the number of people relying on food pantries and soup kitchens has surged in the three weeks since Superstorm Sandy, the New York City Coalition Against Hunger said on Tuesday.
The number of New Yorkers reporting food insecurity was up even before Sandy made landfall late last month, according to an annual report by the nonprofit coalition.
A spot survey of about 100 agencies involved in emergency food relief in New York, conducted as a supplement to the coalition's annual report on hunger, found that nearly two thirds of them saw an increase in patrons after the storm.
Last year, 1.7 million New Yorkers were living below the federal poverty line, with an increase of 100,000 people compared to 2010. The federal poverty line means an annual income of at or below $18,123 for a family of three.
"Over the last few years, things have gone from bad to worse," said Joel Berg, executive director of the coalition.
Millions of people were left without electricity and stranded without mass transit for days and, in some cases, weeks, after Sandy made landfall in the northeast on October 29. In the hardest-hit areas, stores remain closed, and residents have had to rely on volunteers and city services for hot meals.
A third of agencies responsible for feeding the hungry have reported having food ruined either as a direct result of the storm or because of the loss of power, according to a follow-up survey. Nearly three-quarters of agencies were forced to close or limit their hours of operation.
Help from volunteers and aid groups have helped control the storm's impact on the city's neediest, the report said.
"There is unfortunately a pattern, of the American way of responding to this - people respond with their generosity, people are a little less grudging of government help - but we have collectively a pretty short attention span," said Berg, who will present the report's full findings over the next two days.
"My biggest worry is that ... after the cameras go away, after some of the press conferences die down, low-income people will go back to being forgotten again, and funding for these long-term relief efforts will not be sustained," he said.
Overall, food pantries and soup kitchens reported a 5 percent spike in demand in 2012, according to the survey. More than half of providers said they were forced to turn away clients, reduce portion sizes, or limit their hours.
In Staten Island, all of the agencies that respond to hunger reported not having enough food to meet demand, while in the Bronx that was true for 80 percent of agencies. In Queens and Brooklyn, more than 60 percent of agencies did not have enough food to meet the needs of the populations they serve.
The coalition's report is based on federal hunger statistics collected by the U.S. Census Bureau and a survey of over 300 of the city's soup kitchens and food pantries compiled this fall.
Reporting by Edith Honan. Editing by Dan Burns and Christopher Wilson


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dress vintage
belt j. crew
purse vintage
shoes vintage ferragamo
photos by Cecilia Austin
Oh, you're just stunning! Love this guest post!
You're not alone Ashley, I always do that too, dressing up for no reason ;D
You look lovely in this cream shade!
How gorgeous are those pleats? you look fabulous...totally in love with the bag too!!
Stop by and say Hello:)
Enter my Spotted Moth Giveaway♥
I'm glad you included a close-up of the little perspex clutch - it is DIVINE.
That dress is sooo lovely! What a perfect color. Your shoes, clutch & sparkly belt are the perfect accessories! I'm glad you guest posted because it led me to your blog- I'm a new follower. (:
That outfit is wonderful!
Wow- Seriously so pretty and gorgeous color dress
love it
that is a great dress! I'm the same way about wearing pretty dresses - post office, lunch, what have you. Any excuse to dress up.
Dressing up for no occasion at all is what I do best(otherwise none of my vintage wardrobe would see the light of day)! And your dress it lovely, Dear! So pretty.
lovely dress! http://www.fashionablenotebook.blogspot.com
What a lovely dress, it would be a shame to keep it in the closet, waiting for a special occasion!
You look beautiful. Love that clutch!
gorgeous dress!!!
You're the perfect capstone to an awesome set of guest bloggers!
I love that belt, it's so much fun :)
Ashley, that dress is so gorgeous! Creme Brulee with sparkly sugar on top...Did you find it in SF? It looks like a La Rosa treasure... Great color for you also.
Love this post! Ashley, you have amazing taste in clothing. Those vintage Ferragamo shoes are love. And I can't wait to bring out my dress up outfits for the holidays either!
Love & Labels
I am in love with that dress.
I love your dress and great guest post! x
You're a beauty, but that goes without saying! I love your look in this photoshoot, the dress i gorgeous. But the purse takes the prize, it's so cool and unusual!
Great blog, too!
love all these girls.
I really love them
i want to be so fancy. all the time.
i love this dress.
and that bow is so tragic.
Stunning. And I've never seen such a lovely clutch!
what a beautiful dress
The embellishment on your dress is adorable!


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text:
A-Wax - Rapper Blood [Label Submitted]
The highly anticipated video from the West's most hated! A-Wax (@Waxfase) returns with his latest street anthem produced by @NonstopDaHitman....available now on iTunes and off of the upcoming A-Wax - Everybody Loves Me - Chapter 1 album coming on July 17, 2012 (Illburn Records).
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text:
Deep sea fish. Barbeled dragonfish (Stomias sp.)
Image ID: expn0003, Voyage To Inner Space - Exploring the Seas With NOAA Collect
Location: Canyon between Powell and Lydonia Canyons, 655m
Photo Date: 20130812T134646Z
Credit: NOAA OKEANOS Explorer Program , 2013 Northeast U. S. Canyons Expedition
• High Resolution Photo Available
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text: On Thu, Oct 9, 2008 at 3:20 PM, Rahul Nabar <rpnabar at gmail.com> wrote: > I have a PowerEdge SC 1435 that has a strange problem. We bought about 23 of > these for a cluster and machines have been failing in a somewhat random manner > in a peculiar way: > > (1) Screen is blank. Front blue indicator turns steady orange. > > (2) Cannot get it to reboot by pressing (or keeping depressed) the power button > > (3) only way to reboot is to cycle the power. > > (4) After reboot machine works fine again , till after a few days same failure. > > Ran the dset and diagnostic CD but nothing relevant. > > Any tips what could be the faulty component? Or debug ideas? Right now I'm > totally lost! Hardware / software? CPU / Motherboard / Power supply? > Have you checked in the baseboard management log to see if it is throwing an error. Also check on the temperature of the machines. We have had some pretty wierd issues with ram and CPU quirkyness when they reach a high internal temperature. If you can do some poling using ipmi on the nodes to record the current temp and fan data over time so that you could see what it was at just before a crash you might be able to point it to an environmental situation. Hope this helps, Rob


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We actually wouldn't mind being pulled over by some of these
FPV GT-F – Aussie police fleets have a long history of hi-po models, but none more so than this 600kW FPV GT-F. A collaboration between Ford tuner Rob Herrod and racing legend Dick Johnson, who also acts as an ambassador for the NSW Highway Patrol, let's hope it receives better care than the previous GT R-spec, which blew up after being fed low-grade fuel.
Lamborghini Huracan – Italy has long had a fairly liberal approach to speed enforcement (though it's a lot more strict now), but is it any wonder when the police drive Lamborghinis? In a show of goodwill, Sant'Agata donated a new Huracán to the carabinieri, officially for the purpose of high-speed organ transport - definitely not for doing launch control starts at traffic lights.
Chevrolet Caprice – A little bit of 'Straya in 'Merica. When Ford's venerable Crown Victoria shuffled off to the great police yard in the sky, the race was on to find a suitable replacement, with space, V8 power and rear-drive high on the list of requirements. Holden answered the call, fitting out its Caprice with lights, sirens and gun racks. If only it was available to the public!
Caparo T1 – We don't blame UK police. If we received an email saying "Would you like a Caparo T1 to drive around in?" we'd say yes pretty damn quick as well. They didn't really think it through, though. Where are they going to put the bad guys? And while the T1's insane speed is helpful, its zero ground clearance means it'll grind to a halt at the first sign of a kerb.
Lamborghini Aventador – When half the population drives supercars, it's little wonder Dubai police have filled their own garage with some of the world's fastest machinery. Joining Ferrari, Aston Martin and Brabus is this Lamborghini Aventador. Its speed is not in question, but getting out with dignity once you've pulled someone over is another matter entirely.
Brabus B63S-700 – Nobody does wild quite as well as Brabus. It takes the already loopy G63 AMG, widens it, fits the biggest wheels imaginable and lifts power to 515kW/960Nm. None of this makes it any better as a police car of course, but it seems that when it comes to choosing new vehicles, suitability for purpose doesn't seem too high on the Dubai constabulary's list of priorities.
Ford RS200 – The legendary Group B racer was for almost two decades the fastest car in the world from 0-100km/h, so forget about trying to outrun it. It wouldn't be the most comfortable car in which to spend a 12-hour shift, but beats driving a diesel Vauxhall Astra! Pulling over one of your own – another RS Ford – is surely a bit mean, though.
Aston Martin One-77 – Ah, Dubai – a land of excess. Excess sun, excess sand and excess money. And nothing screams excess like adding a multi-million dollar Aston Martin One-77 to your police fleet. Just 77 of the carbon-bodied beasts were made, all with a 559kW 7.3-litre V12 under the bonnet. And yes, that is a police-spec Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG behind it.
Porsche 911 Carrera – NSW police have been lucky enough to have a variety of flash metal, including an HSV GTS, Lotus Exige and Porsche Panamera, but this is the first time they've got their mitts on a 911. Rather than being used for the dirty work, the car is intended to help the force engage with younger members of the community – become a police officer, drive a Porsche!
Ferrari FF – As the 'practical' Ferrari, it makes sense that the FF would be pressed into police service. Its clever all-wheel drive system was intended to help owners scale icy slopes; there probably isn't a lot of need for that in the 45°C temperatures of Dubai, but it could still prove beneficial on slippery sand-covered roads. There's even room for the baddies in the back.


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The Office of Risk Management and Insurance (Risk Management) manages risk associated with teaching, research and support operations.
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text:
Investors Hunt For Protection on Bank Stocks
Monday saw the biggest one-day slide for financial shares since November. On Tuesday, traders were looking for protection from further falls via options on a popular bank-stock ETF.
Bearish trading dominated options activity in the Financial Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLF) on Tuesday as investors focused on protecting against a more than 9.8% decline by June, or a more than 4% drop over the next eight weeks.
"Monday's drop reminded a lot of people about the desirability of hedging," said Steve Sosnick, equity risk manager at Timber Hill. "XLF and most of its components have been mostly one-way markets over the past couple months, but [Monday] was a reminder that options can be desirable for protection, not just speculation."


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Investigators are looking into whether an emergency locator transmitter built by Honeywell (NYSE:HON) was one possible cause of Friday's fire in a Boeing (NYSE:BA) 787 operated by Ethiopian Airlines, according to The Wall Street Journal, citing several anonymous sources.
Continue Reading Below
The transmitter is located in the upper rear part of the 787, according to the report, a different location than the battery pack that was at the root of the lithium-ion battery meltdowns that grounded the global fleet of Dreamliners for several months earlier this year.
Safety regulators are looking at the device, which Reuters said uses a lithium manganese battery, as one possible cause of the fire.
Honeywell did not immediately respond to FOX Business for a comment, however, a spokesman confirmed to the Journal that the company was "invited to participate in the investigation" and has sent technical experts to London's Heathrow to assist authorities.
"At this time it is premature to speculate on the cause of the fire," the spokesperson told the newspaper.
The device made by Morristown, N.J.-based Honeywell is designed to activate and help find the jet in the event of a crash. It was not immediately clear how much revenue the company derives from the device, but the entire aerospace unit, which is responsible for a wide range of aerospace technologies including cockpit displays, cabin entertainment and electric power systems, posted about $2.95 billion in first-quarter sales, comprising 32% of Honeywell's total quarterly revenue of $9.3 billion, according to a regulatory filing.
Shares of Honeywell did not immediately react to the Journal report, slipping just 16 cents to $82.22 recently. The company is expected to report second-quarter earnings on Friday.
Boeing, which has faced a series of 787 headaches this year, returned the aircraft to service in late April after a new battery was approved by the Federal Aviation Administration. Potential problems resurfaced on Friday when a fire broke out on an Ethiopian-operated 787 that had been sitting on the tarmac for eight hours. The blaze was contained and there were no injuries as the aircraft was empty.
One analyst told FOX Business on Friday that the fire did not seem to be related to the earlier battery problems. However, the investigation has remains ongoing and officials haven't released a formal statement as to the possible cause of the spark.
U.S. authorities like the National Transportation Safety Board and FAA have joined the investigation in the U.K. but would not comment on the Honeywell report, instead pointing to the British regulatory authority, Air Accident Investigation Branch (AAIB), which is overseeing the probe.
The AAIB and Boeing both said they wouldn't comment because the investigation is ongoing, and Ethiopian Airlines did not immediately respond to FOX Business.
"In order to ensure the integrity of the process and in adherence to international protocols that govern safety investigations, all publicly released information concerning the investigation must come from, or be approved by, the AAIB," Boeing said in a statement.
The jet maker is participating in the investigation as an advisor and has a team on the ground.
Shares of Boeing were up 3.5% to $105.47 in recent trade, rebounding from heavy losses Friday.


text: > I want to ask what kind of experiencies do you has in the > implementation of a beowulf cluster (using Gentoo or Fedora in AMD64 > architectures) for metheorological applications and wich one of the > distros do you recommend me. it should not matter. distros are all about desktop decor, which is irrelevant to cluster applications. you should use a distro which your admins are comfortable with - the packaging format, for instance. I personally find yum very good, and thus prefer RH-like distros. I doubt that meteorological apps have any special properties beyond the normal working kernel/filesystem/ compiler/scheduler/mpi stuff, which should be achievable in any distro.


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I hope this post encourages hunters to stop and think about ethical hunting. With all of the seasons we have, and increased popularity of hunting, it is more important than ever to ethically hunt.
This means being stewards of the land and the deer we love to hunt. It means taking does before they are bred early in the season, and not shooting immature bucks. Let them walk.
This CWD scam, and these antlerless late season hunts are particularly damaging to the herds. They take out pregnant does and 1 or 2 young. This is driven by corporate greed and insurance companies.
I encourage everyone to let the does walk, do not hunt the late seasons, and to practice ethical and quality deer management practices.


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RockyShark needed a new web page design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 46 designs submitted by 18 freelance designers.
Needing a web design for a furniture and bedding store. I have attached a wireframe mockup to illustrate the elements we need to include.
Sassi Australia
Looking for something unique and funky. Use black white and gold as your basic colour scheme.
The attached zip file contains a logo and some example print stationery to help you get a feel for the branding.
It also contains an example wireframe mockup. Please don't include the browser controls in your design submissions though.
This mockup is just an outline of the elements you'll need to include. They don't have to appear on the screen this way.
- Colours: back, white, gold
- Elements as per attached wireframe (they don't have to be laid out like that though)
- Something that has an 'environmentally friendly' feel. Renewable resources are used by this company wherever possible
- Needs to be a but funky and unique. The shop's name is Sassi... give your designs some sass!
- The furniture has a european feel - so we need class and style
- The furniture has a european feel - so street or grunge are out.
- I don't want Comic Sans! :)


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In the interests of going on for at least a brief paragraph or so before delving into the actual video content that's the ostensible point of these posts (partly for aesthetic reasons, but largely because that'd just be too straightforward for what ought to be an entertainingly fraught discussion), it's worth observing that in both cases the Doctor ends up nearly getting his companion(s) killed for reasons of his own. Pure blind curiosity and carelessness on the one hand (to say nothing of impatience - if he'd looked at the radiation detector any longer he would have seen the trouble), pure blind terror on the other. You can't quite see any of the incarnations in the middle behaving like this.
By extending that logic Tennant ought to have been at once more surface-likeable and giving more of an impression of being unknowably alien underneath than Eccleston, and Matt Smith the one obsessed with his sartorial choices, fast vehicles and James Bond stunts. Yeah, it doesn't quite work, but it's a grace note for Peter Capaldi.
|The main difference being...
The trailer for the Big Finish audio that Rob Shearman reworked into his TV script - one of the best stories Big Finish have ever done, and considerably longer and more philosophical than the telly version (it also includes a chocolate-cake-loving history professor, time paradoxes, bunting, the all-dominant English Empire, and an extraordinarily good scene with a much-loathed wheelchair-bound associate of the Daleks). It's also rather wittier and more coherent than this slightly underwhelming trailer would suggest - try his opening scene from the first episode instead. Although the uploader left out the last few lines which make it clear that this is actually propaganda for the aforementioned English Empire...
If you'd prefer an actual video, try this one of Shearman reading a fantasy short story of his: "The Dark Space in the House in the House in the Garden at the Centre of the World," also riffing on an old and much-beloved creation story...
"The Big Time"
Whereas, as fantastic as it would be to see on screen, there isn't yet a movie version of this audio clip - it's the first in Fritz Leiber's handful of Time War stories. Mind, he calls it the Change War. If you ever want a straightforward way to explain the high concept of a universe-spanning temporal conflict to anybody, you could do a lot worse than give them the opening chapter - he doesn't make assumptions about what the reader knows or doesn't in terms of technobabble, but the World War-Two-flavoured atmosphere gives it a solid grounding in something his readership would have recognised as being all too real. And Leiber's always entertaining.
(The text version is on Project Gutenberg here, if you'd rather just read it).
(Actually, Clifford Simak's "Time and Again" both used the term "Time War" and appeared in print considerably earlier, but while there are a fair number of audiobooks of Simak's works out there, that particular book seems to still be in copyright. Nevertheless, take this mention as a recommendation for that too.)
"A clip from Corrie"
Bruno Langley playing the part he was known for before appearing in Doctor Who, and frankly would still be best remembered for if you asked the average person in the street - (and he's recently returned to the programme, no less). For those not up to speed on British soaps, the Coronation Street fan wiki has heroically reduced years worth of plotlines into a fairly understandable and coherent summary about the show's first gay character. RTD could not possibly have missed hearing about this, which might clear up the abandonment of any Rose-Adam romantic tension in "The Long Game".
"Dalek stair-climbing joke"
It's not often this can be said, but the Youtube comments do sum up the situation - despite circumstantial evidence and lots of exciting levitating Daleks in comics, and then Ben Aaronovitch trying to put an end to this once and for all with the cliffhanger in "Remembrance of the Daleks", comedians would keep making bad jokes about Daleks going up stairs.
Thankfully, "Dalek" seems to have put an end to the tradition for once and for all.
"What Time Is It, Eccles"
And speaking of jokes...we'll explain later. Just have a go.
"The Daleks"
|...they don't make operators wear ties any more.
"That Pakistani Daleks sketch"
So you've seen a bit of Hancock's Half Hour now, if you've been following this series of posts - Terry Nation did a lot of comedy writing before a fall-out with the notoriously touchy Hancock left him out of a job. Just when David Whitaker was asking if he'd like to work on Doctor Who. But he'd broken into the industry when Spike Milligan (creator of "The Goon Show", the source of that clip above, and inspiration for any number of British comedians) gave him a chance writing scripts. Nation paid back the favour years later when Milligan scored one of the few officially permitted uses of Daleks -
and yet, all the potential from great British icons meeting is wasted on some cheap slapstick gags and a dull and vaguely racist joke about Pakistanis. It's a complete waste, hence putting the good clip first - Milligan was usually far better than this.
"Beryl Vertue"
As mentioned in the clip, she was Spike Milligan's agent, and by extension ended up as Terry Nation's agent (there's a lot of backstory about Associated London Scripts here). In which capacity, she negotiated that famous contract that allowed Nation to keep the Dalek rights. All sorts of oddities, from "The Android Invasion" to RTD inventing the Toclafane, crop up as a result of this. As the clip also indicates, her career as a television producer has been very, very successful.
Oh, and the interviewer skims over how she's producing "Sherlock" for her son-in-law, which is a trifle odd.
"Civil Defence Information Bulletin"
Ah, public information films - this one actually predates the '70s Charley Says subgenre, but you get the picture. This one's first of a series, made in 1964, prepared to be broadcast in case of nuclear war to tell people what to do next. Fortunately there wasn't ever cause to air it.
In light of the idea that life might be continuable at all after a nuclear disaster (see also: Raymond Briggs' "When the Wind Blows"), Terry Nation's ideas about radiation and science in general seem perfectly sensible by comparison.
"Special Sound - Dick Mills and Brian Hodgson"
Really, a good clip of Raymond Cusick would have been apt, but he's hard to find on video. There was a nice Confidential with him in it back when they were still doing those, but not for this story, funnily enough. So some fun with the Pebble Mill ring modulators seemed in order instead.
"More Special Sound"
To round off with the crushingly inevitable - by the time the year ended, both Beatlemania and Dalekmania were off to the races. Beloved national institutions after a tentative start making a good showing for themselves, etc. etc. Screaming fans. Etc.
However, since half of this post has been about British comedy anyway, here's a suitable version of "She Loves You".


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Don't make the same backup goof I did. Seriously.
WP blogs are designed to make a job like backing up oh-so-easy.
Sure you can do it manually, but with WP there is a plugin for everything, so you can even just set and forget it and have it all done automatically. Just one more reason to love WordPress.
I might not back up everything else, but with my plugin I thought at least my blog was safe … EXCEPT … recently I got a shock.
All my effort was going to waste!
I was backing up the WORDS on this blog, but NOTHING ELSE!
What I didn't know is that WordPress has two different parts it needs to restore a blog. First, there is the database – that's what my WP-DB-Backup plugin was doing for me – BUT there are a whole array of other non-database parts of a blog too. Who knew? Well, not me, that's for sure.
If my site had gone down all a restore would have given me was my posts, just sitting on a plain vanilla blog that I would have had to rebuild and retweak from scratch.
Hours upon hours of work to do.
Scary, scary stuff.
So of course I figured I had just got the wrong plugin. There must be an perfect alternative WordPress backup solution? Surely?
I went hunting, and horribly enough, no! No plugin is perfect!
There is no complete winner.
However from all my digging around, research and review, here is my checklist for the very best WordPress backup plugin. It would meet all these criteria…
- Back up the entire blog, meaning the database AND the site itself (not just one or other)
- Run on an automatic schedule, as well as immediate ones on request (VITAL),
- Be stable and keep updated with the latest WP versions.
- Have support from the author and/or a good forum (very important when you come to restoring your precious site and run into the inevitable techie-type problems.)
- Require as little technical expertise and tweaking as possible. No setting up cron jobs, changing to 777, or FTPing, please.
- Back up offsite ie somewhere other than on the site itself, so that if the site goes down your restore file isn't taken with it.
- Not cost anything.
So with no winner, here are the 3 best runner-up solutions, and you can pick which works for you.
1. Pay for a premium Plugin/software.
Okay there are good premium plugins that will do the job and do it well, so if you don't want to stuff around make this the first option.
Some of your choices are…
- blogVault backs up everything off your site, and has a Test Restore where it puts a working version of your site Restored on their website to prove it all works! (So cool I had to record a video of it here – BlogVault Restore AND Backup.) [seems to be a popular vote winner in the comments too.]
- VaultPress from Automattic the owners of WordPress with a monthly subscription,
- CodeGuard a 2011 start-up that offers paid plans as well as a free option for 2GB of storage but read the fine print eg "72 Hour Access to Restore: $25",
- myRepono WordPress Backup Plugin which on a prepaid cents/GB usage basis, and
- Blog Zapper which is not actually a WP plugin nor does it run on a schedule, but this software will give you a complete, non-techie and quick backing up of your blog, as well as doing blog 'cloning'.
- BackupBuddy from one of the top WP premium providers for a one-time fee (and now includes integration with DropBox)
-the latest addition to this list, but it is cheap and has now had enough time in the marketplace is BackupCreator by Robert Plank you can find here.
2. XCloner.
This plugin is mainly designed for Joomla blogs, but they have brought it over to WP and thank goodness they did. If you can handle techie stuff like CHMODs, adding folders, and cron jobs XCloner will do everything you need.
One point to note is that it backed up this blog into a huge 714 MB file, whenas option 4 below took up just 174MB. No idea what the problem is but if you need space be careful with XCloner.
3. Use two WP backup plugins. Yup, 2.
Unfortunately the WP-DB-Backup plugin I was using ONLY works great for backing up the database properly and easily. What I needed to do was add in the WP Backup Plugin from Blog Traffic Exchange to back up the site itself.
If your blog is small enough the zipped files can be emailed to you.
This solution fulfills all the requirements on the list, but it takes 2 plugins.
UPDATE 12/04/28: EZPZ One Click Backup is dead. I'm sorry to say that the free EZPZ One Click Backup plugin now says this on it's site from creator Unca Joe: "I apologize but due to various reasons there will be no new versions released or further support for EZPZ OCB in the foreseeable future." R.I.P. EZPZ.
[For completeness, and because someone will want to know, these plugins didn't make the list:
- WP-DB-Manager the classic and extremely popular plugin, but shockingly it also only does the database (so many people must be having the same issue I did!)
- the general back up tool Backupify only does the database too.
- BackUpWordPress can only back up onto your own site (it can email you the results but usually only up to a size of 10MB), so if your site has issues your backup isn't safe.
- Bei Fen (Bei Fen is meant to be Chinese for 'back up') hasn't been updated since 2009.
- Simple WordPress Backup does database only and was last updated in 2010
- Automatic WordPress Backup needs S3 and was also last updated in 2010.
- EZWpBackup WordPress plugin was around in 2011, but now the site is gone
- WP Time Machine seems otherwise good with DropBox and Amazon S3, but can only use FTP for PHP4, and needs cron jobs to run automatically.
- Backup ie http://wordpress.org/extend/
plugins/backup/ backs up onto Google Drive exclusively. No problem with that, but being a brand new plugin I wouldn't recommend it until it has more time to sort out the inevitable 'teething problems'.
- BackWPUp seems very good indeed, but needs cron jobs to run on autopilot, and the page that is meant to have the Manual on it says "in work ;)" although it does have an active forum.
- myEASYBackup does EVERYTHING including saving backups "outside the WordPress installation directory to avoid someone else discovering the links", but incredibly it doesn't seem to have an automatic scheduling option!]
- WPBackupPlus – recent addition which always makes me nervous with something as important as guarding my vital site, and someone I met had a problem with getting it to work. May have some advantages over BackupBuddy however.
- WP Dolly which was suggested in the comments below but then seems to have come under fire in later comments, and doesn't handle the popular Hostgator hosting platform.
If you have your own favorite solution, or tips, share your comments below.
Update 2012-Jan-30: Just had this CarefulCash.com site taken out by a malware virus today.
So blogVault finally got it's FULL back up and restore test – and as you can see it passed! In fact the malware had hit my computer too, so rescuing the blog was the easy bit. The hardest parts were removing the malware, and jumping through Google's hoops to let them know this site is virus-free again. Three cheers for having a WordPress backup in place!
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text:
Lil Chuckee (Feat. Al Coe) - Fear God (Hustle Hard Freestyle) [In Studio Performance]
Lil Chuckee ft Al coe " Feard God " [Hustle Hard Remix
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How Low Can You Go? $50 Embedded PC
It isn't a secret that I usually think of embedded systems as something that has a processor in it that costs a couple of bucks at the most and does some very dedicated task. But I do have the occasional project that requires something more akin to an embedded PC.
Wouldn't it be nice if you could get a reasonable PC-like CPU that was cheap enough that you could use it for everything. We still aren't there, so don't get too excited. But we keep getting closer.
I ran across a "System on Module" from Variscite that starts at $49 (if you are buying 1000). I've written before about ARM modules in that price range, of course. But this is a 600MHz CPU with RAM, flash, audio, USB, UARTs, network, etc. I'm not quite sure which features add on to that $49 base price, but even a 600MHz CPU with a reasonable amount of RAM and minimal I/O is of interest if the price is low enough.
About the only downside I could see is the company has no distribution here in the US and no specific pricing on their web site. I wrote them to inquire about this. They said they do fill North American orders and you simply had to contact them. The developer's kit is a cool $1000 so I won't be ordering one until I have a specific need. But even when I do, I would much rather just go buy it online without having to engage the company -- I've gotten spoiled by the Internet, I suppose.
But business model aside, the features and price point of these modules looks very attractive and worth checking out if you need that kind of horsepower in an embedded design.