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Wednesday, July 9, 2008
The end of the World (of Warcraft)
My last post provoked a few comments about WoW vs. Warhammer Online (WAR). A lot of people are looking at WAR as some type of "WoW Killer" and are predicting the end of the World of Warcraft. First, this presumes that WAR will be a good game in the first place. I hope that it is, but if it's not… well, this whole discussion is a moot point anyway.
We already KNOW that WoW is a good game and that the Wrath of the Lich King expansion will be a success as a result. I will buy the expansion, I will level to 80, I will play a Death Knight, I will try Lake Winterspring and I will try my hand at the 10-man raiding. AND – I'm not alone. Most current WoW subscribers will do this as well. So at a bare minimum, WoTLK buys WoW three to four months of my time with or without Warhammer Online being a success on it's own.
The bigger question for WoW is what happens after everyone spends that three to four months playing Wrath and reaches that plateau where Blizzard expect players to grind things out. I wrote a month or so back that the real WoW Killer is not another game, but stagnation. One expansion every 2+ years is going to slowly strangle out the love people have for this game. We get focused on the competition for WoW being another game when in reality it is competing with all forms of alternate entertainment. How many people will leave WoW simply to spend more time with the family? Or to watch TV or read books instead?
In the MMO world, many people like me, will turn to WAR as an alternative and give it a chance to win them over. As a marketer, that is a BAD thing. A really BAD thing. You simply never want to give your competition the opportunity to take and hold market share. If WAR releases before WoW, then that opportunity is HUGE. I realize that this is stating the obvious, but getting Wrath released before WAR is absolutely essential for Blizzard in continuing to secure market share. If I am a Blizzard executive, I am telling my staff that it is simply unacceptable to allow this to happen. If it does happen, and WAR is a good game, I expect WAR to capture quite a bit of the WoW audience.
As Hudson points out in my comments, the segment most at risk of turning to WAR is the PvP demographic. Now I am defining PvPers here as people who play first and foremost because they like PvP. It remains to be seen whether or not WAR will actually be able to convert entire guilds or any of the PvE crowd. To me, I think that's the big unanswered question. I personally think we will end up with WAR as the MMO PvP choice and WoW as the MMO PvE choice. If that PvP segment makes up only make up 30% of WoW's player base, then that number could very well be incredibly staggering.
In response to Hudson, Kirk commented that " Warhammer Online has computer requirements that are too high for a large number of current WoW players to meet. They may WANT to go to WH, but they are stuck playing WoW." I would agree with Kirk if he were talking about Age of Conan. However, my understanding is that WAR will actually have fairly reasonable system requirements. There will certainly be a % of players unable to migrate, but I don't believe that the technical limitations will be so high that it will exclude the greater majority of the WoW community. I would also argue that PvPers as a demographic are more bleeding edge than the average WoW player. That's just a theory, but I base it on the fact that for years the most competitive PvP games (largely in the FPS genre) have always had incredibly demanding system requirements. The unspoken doctrine is that the better your computer, the more competitive advantage you have against other players.
One other thing to consider is that a game based on PvP as it's central core does not face the same types of issues as a PvE centric game like WoW. For a PvE game, the game content is the game. Run out of content, and you run out of game. As a result, you need to have long boring grinds to pace your community through the content. In a PvP centric game, the content is the conflict with the other players. As long as that conflict exists and there are players to fight and things to fight over, then the game never really ends. In other words, the people generate the content simply by virtue of competing against one another in a competition that has no end.
Now compare that vision of PvP to the one depicted by Blizzard with Lake Winterspring and I think you'll see what I am so disappointed in it. From all I have read on the subject, WAR appears to be the PvP game I want to play. The game that makes PvP meaningful and long lasting. That doesn't mean that it WILL be a good game, but if it is… well, that's definitely going to be a big chip out of the MMO rock that is World of Warcraft.
6 comments:
- Chappo said...
A great post. Though I do not think that it is essential for WoTLK to come out before WAR. I think WAR could still benefit very well for it to come out second as the three or four months gives them some time to get the economy running, the community settled, parts of the games adjusted so that when the WoW players are beginning to look at WAR it will be even more polished, complete, and inviting then at release.
- July 9, 2008 at 7:10 PM
re the specs... I know ten people playing (now or recently, counting myself) WoW. Of those, five could play War given the minimum specs.
Two are on Macs. The others are a wee bit short somewhere in the spec sheet - "dead" video (website rating); insufficient memory; slightly too slow processor.
Aaand, a point. Dead crawl on War, or decent performance with WoW? More relevant (and back to subjective perception), if a player is used to PVP with WoW at, oh, say 25 fps nominal, and jumps into WAR only to see 10 fps nominal, that is a HANDICAP for WAR.
PVP does not reward the "barely moving" computer.
- July 9, 2008 at 7:49 PM
- sid67 said...
@Chappo: There are definitely pros and cons for EA Mythic if WAR beats WoTLK to market. However, from a Blizzard perspective, an early WAR release is a horrible thing simply from the perspective that it provides opportunity to your competitor. It's like leaving the door open to your chicken coop at night when you know there are coyotes in the area. A coyote might not come in, but that doesn't mean it's OK to leave the door open.
@Kirk: Those are great examples on falling a wee bit short on the minimum specs. As you say, 5 can play and three would need modest (but affordable) upgrades. That's in stark contrast to Age of Conan which practically requires you to take out a home equity loan.
- July 10, 2008 at 8:48 AM
no, that's one cheap, one moderate, and one significant upgrade. (cpu's are not cheap, nor easy for most people.)
And that's for minimum. Again I keep wondering if minimum is going to be acceptable for a strongly PVP-driven game.
- July 11, 2008 at 11:07 AM
- sid67 said...
For the sake of argument, let's continue to use your numbers. Out of the 10 people, 50% can play WAR with no upgrades and an additional 20% will be capable of running WAR with at most a video card upgrade. Also consider that the remaining 30% could all play if they chose to purchase a moderately priced new computer (whereas with AoC you would need to purchase an expensive computer). I would say that making your product easily available to 70%+ of your market is pretty reasonable considering that the competition (Warcraft) is four years old.
One thing to keep in mind about the minimum system requirements I linked is that they are "unofficial" based on observations from the alpha. My thought is that these "minimum" requirements from users are closer to the truth than what might appear on the actual WAR box top. Alpha users simply aren't going to consider 10-15 FPS as an acceptable "minimum" to play the game, so I expect they would provide something closer to 25-30 FPS as a minimum. PvP is best when you can get upwards of 60 FPS, but 25-30 is certainly still in a range that would allow you to compete.
- July 11, 2008 at 12:40 PM
- smith said...
Hi,and great welcome to all the members of this forum and Great, watching your site and its a nice
topic about World of Warcraft.
wow gold
- September 20, 2008 at 10:14 AM


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Both older and younger passenger vehicle occupants are benefiting from efforts to improve protection in crashes, a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) study confirms.
Researchers estimated the effectiveness of various occupant protection technologies in preventing deaths of drivers and right front-seat passengers ages 13-49 and 70-96 in 1960-2011 model passenger vehicles in crashes during 1975-2010.
Safety belts have historically been somewhat less effective for older occupants than younger ones, the authors note. For example, some earlier belt designs were more likely to cause rib and other injuries in older occupants than younger adults in crashes. In older model cars, two-point automatic belts were less effective for people 70-96 years old than for occupants ages 13-49.
The latest generation of belts with pretensioners and load limiters in vehicles with dual airbags may be just as effective for adults of all ages, as well as for both men and women, the study found. Belt pretensioners tighten up slack when triggered by vehicle sensors and retract the belt almost instantly in a crash. Load limiters manage the force that belts apply to occupants' chests in a crash by allowing some of the webbing to spool out when the forces exceed levels that can cause injuries.
Prior IIHS research has indicated in certain severe crashes, including small overlap front crashes, shoulder belts with load limiters may spool out too much, allowing occupants to move enough to strike hard surfaces inside the vehicle (see "Allowing belts to loosen in crashes may be contributing to injuries," Oct. 13, 2007). Still, NHTSA's study suggests that these features are evening out protection for all occupants and supports a new IIHS analysis suggesting that safer vehicles are helping to reduce older drivers' risk of dying in a crash.
Front airbags are about equally effective across all age groups for both drivers and right front passengers, NHTSA's study indicates. Side airbags with head and torso protection provide a much bigger benefit for older occupants than younger ones. Researchers estimated that side airbags lower fatalities in nearside impacts by 45 percent for people 70 and older in front seats, compared with an estimated 30 percent reduction for front-seat occupants ages 13-49.
Front airbags have been required since the 1999 model year. Side airbags aren't mandated, but the majority of 2008 and later models have them as standard to meet federal side protection requirements and to earn a good rating in the IIHS side crash test.
NHTSA also calculated the odds of dying in a crash by driver age and gender. Starting at about age 21, the risk of dying in a crash rises about 3 percent with each birthday. A 75-year-old man is, on average, 5 times as likely to die as a 21-year-old man in a similar crash. A 75-year-old woman is 4 times as likely to die in a crash as a 21-year-old woman in a similar crash.
Women have about a 25 percent higher risk of death than male drivers of the same age in the same type of crash, up to about age 35. Then men's advantage starts to slip, and by the time they reach age 70, both men and women have similar risk.
Women in particular have benefited from safety improvements, especially airbags and belts with pretensioners and load limiters. The estimated increase in fatality risk for females relative to males of the same age fell sharply beginning with mid-1990 models and had dropped by half in 2005-11 models.
Fatal injuries to the thorax, abdomen and neck increased the most with age; fatal head injuries increased the least. Females were much more likely than males of the same age in similar crashes to sustain fatal neck and abdominal injuries and moderately more likely to have head or chest injuries.
NHTSA has proposed adding a so-called silver car rating to the New Car Assessment Program to help older drivers choose potentially safer vehicles. Since the agency's new analysis indicates that both older and younger occupants are benefiting from safer vehicles, a silver car rating might not be any more beneficial than NHTSA's 5-star safety ratings program. Although it is possible that some crash protection designs might protect older and more fragile people better than other designs, such features help younger drivers, too.
To further explore this issue, IIHS researchers updated a prior analysis of driver death rates (see "Dying in a crash," June 9, 2011). IIHS calculated standardized death rates per vehicle registration by make and model for 2006-08 vehicles during calendar years 2006-09 for a hypothetical population 65 and older and a hypothetical younger population. Researchers adjusted for other factors that affect crash risk, including calendar year, vehicle age, driver gender and the vehicle density in the areas where each vehicle is typically registered. These are known to affect the likelihood of a crash and the likelihood that it will be fatal. Differences in these variables can affect driver death rates in ways that don't reflect the vehicle's inherent safety.
The estimated driver death rates for every model were higher for the hypothetical group of older drivers than the younger drivers. However, the rank order of vehicles by driver death rates was highly correlated for both groups, suggesting that the safest vehicles apply to younger and older drivers alike.
Today's older drivers are not only less likely to be involved in crashes than prior generations, they are less likely to be killed or seriously injured if they do crash, a new Institute study shows.
Russ Rader Senior Vice President, Communications
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NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Everyone knows that getting enough fiber is a secret to staying "regular," but a large new study finds that people who got plenty of fluids were the least likely to suffer constipation.
The results highlight the importance of hydration, but shouldn't discount fiber or other lifestyle factors, according to lead author Alayne Markland, of the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Birmingham, Alabama.
"I still think that diet, fiber, exercise and increased fluid should remain the recommendations," Markland told Reuters Health.
Estimates of how many people regularly experience constipation are as high as 14 percent worldwide, but they range widely. How researchers define the problem and ask people about it are partly to blame for inconsistent responses, Markland's team writes in the American Journal of Gastroenterology.
Often, constipation is defined as having fewer than three bowel movements a week, the researchers point out. But some studies have found that asking about stool consistency provides a more accurate measure of slow "transit times" of stool through the intestine, which is the source of uncomfortable blockages.
To determine how many people have "hard or lumpy stool consistency" - the type associated with slow transit - and what lifestyle factors might influence that, Markland and her colleagues analyzed responses from more than 8,000 men and women who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys in 2006 and 2008.
Based on survey responses about stool consistency, exercise habits and what participants ate, the researchers found that seven percent of the respondents fit the definition for constipation.
The problem was more common among women and less educated people, but it did not increase with age, as some other studies have suggested.
Neither vigorous exercise nor fiber intake was linked with a person's likelihood of having constipation.
But among the people who consumed the least amount of liquid daily from food and drinks, 8 percent of men and 13 percent of women were constipated, compared to 3 percent of men and 8 percent of women who got the most liquid.
"I scratch my head on that, it's interesting," Dr. Amy Foxx-Orenstein, of the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, told Reuters Health.
Past research indicates that extra fluid only alleviates constipation if the person is dehydrated to begin with, but once you're adequately hydrated more fluid probably just makes you urinate more often, said Foxx-Orenstein, who was not involved in the study.
She encourages patients in her practice to drink enough water and try to get 25 to 30 grams of fiber daily, if not from food then from a supplement, and to eat a breakfast that includes caffeine shortly after waking, as those factors can stimulate bowel movements.
The new study included a large number of participants, but didn't distinguish between different types of fiber and when they were consumed or ask about physical activity in enough detail, Foxx-Orenstein said, and she thinks it's unlikely doctors will change what they tell patients based on these results.
Foxx-Orenstein agreed that the definition of constipation varies widely.
"We used stool consistency, so we took a validated scale and defined constipation as those with the hardest stool," Markland said. That could have made liquids in the diet, which influence stool consistency but not necessarily frequency or amount, seem more important, she acknowledged.
Exercise and fiber may have more of an impact on frequency, Markland added.
The study doesn't mean that those factors are "bogus," she said, just that future studies need to define the weekly thresholds where each factor becomes meaningful.
"It just begs for more research on the role of fiber," Markland said.
SOURCE: bit.ly/17BY1oy American Journal of Gastroenterology, April 9, 2013.


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Rapid Speedway Opens
There wasn't going to be a racing season at Rapid Speedway in Rock Rapids, Iowa this season. An announcement had been posted just days before the season was to start blaming rising costs. But a longtime driver and longer-time fan of the speedway got sponsors together, got all the safety pieces in place and Friday night (June 6), the nearly 50 year old track opened it's doors for the season to better than anticipated results.
They had been hoping for about 80 cars and 1000 fans. Instead, they got 110 cars and about 1300 people in the stands!
The next races at Rapid Speedway are this Friday (June 13)


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National BSA Uniform Expectations
Uniforming is one of the eight Methods used to accomplish the Scouting Aims of Character, Citizenship, & Fitness.
The uniform makes the Scout troop visible as a force for good and creates a positive youth image in the community. Scouts BSA is an action program and wearing the uniform is an action that shows each Scout's commitment to the aims and purposes of Scouting. The uniform gives the Scout identity in a world brotherhood of youth who believe in the same ideals.
The uniform is practical attire for Scout activities and provides a way for Scouts to wear the badges that show what they have accomplished.
The Scouts BSA Uniform has long served as an expression of a Scout's friendliness to all other Scouts regardless of whom they are or where they're from. The uniform represents Scouting's spirit of Equality and democracy, and identifies a youth as a brother or sister to every other Scout. Wearing the uniform promotes comradeship, loyalty to one's patrol and troop, and public recognition of membership in the BSA.
When to Wear the Uniform
Scouts and Scout leaders proudly wear the full uniform for all ceremonial and indoor activities including troop meetings, boards of review, and courts of honor. The uniform should also be worn during special outdoor occasions, such as flag ceremonies, Scout shows, and special times during summer camp.
When Not To Wear the Uniform
Do not wear the uniform while selling a commercial product or service, even for Scout fundraising purposes, such as popcorn.
Do not wear the uniform in situations that might mistakenly imply an endorsement by the BSA of a product, service, political candidate, or philosophy. Scouts and Scouters are encouraged to take part in political matters as private individuals but not while wearing the uniform.
Do not wear the uniform while engaged in any activity that could dishonor or discredit the BSA, the uniform, or the person wearing it.
Troop 39 Uniform Expectations
We are a Scouts BSA troop and we wear the Scout uniform with pride. All troop functions require wearing the Scout uniform unless specifically announced otherwise (e.g. mulch or yard work as work clothes are more appropriate).
Being "in uniform" means being in complete uniform. This includes wearing the official shirt, pants, socks, and belt. Any non-uniform items (including non-scouting hats or earrings) must not be worn with either Class A or B uniform. Parents can shop online for uniform parts and all BSA items online at http://www.scoutstuff.org/cgi/catalog.
The Occoneechee Council Scout Shop in Raleigh also allows parents to shop by phone with a credit card and will mail the item(s) to your home. The Occoneechee Council scout shop in Raleigh is located at 3231 Atlantic Avenue and their phone number is (919) 472-8442. Directions are listed on the next page.
A Scout attending a Scout function must be in uniform at all times. He may be sent home if he is not in FULL uniform. The Scout uniform may not be worn at times other than during official approved Scout functions. On camping trips we take clothes appropriate to the weather, but the uniform is always worn to and from the campsite. We also wear the uniform during church services.
The uniform to be worn will be announced by the Senior Patrol Leader.
Class A Uniform
- Official Scout shirt (either long or short sleeve) with olive epaulets
- Scout trousers (short or long), Skirt or Skort
- Scout belt
- Scout socks
- Appropriate shoes
- Neckerchief slide
- An official Troop 39 neckerchief and set of uniform patches are given to each
new Scout.
- Replacement neckerchiefs can be purchased for $25.
- Neckerchiefs are never sold or traded.
- If a Scout leaves the Troop before earning the rank of Eagle, they must return the troop neckerchief.
- Replacement patches for the Class A uniform can be purchased as follows: the community rocker – $3, the troop number – $1, and the year bar – $1.
- New members receive a complete set as part of their troop fees.
Class B Uniform
- Troop 39 approved T-shirt
- Scout trousers (short or long), shirt or skort
- Scout belt
- Scout socks
- Appropriate shoes
- Scouting T-shirts other than official Troop 39 (e.g. camp, high adventure etc.) are not acceptable.
- If a scout wears a hat, it must be a Scout hat approved by the PLC.
- Scouts new to Troop 39 will receive the following items as part of their troop fees: one neckerchief, and a set of uniform patches.
Patch Placement
Parents are encouraged to use the BSA Insignia Guide for proper patch placement.
Uniform Exchange
Troop 39 maintains a uniform exchange that allows new Scouts and Scouts who outgrow their current uniform to exchange it with uniform parts that have been turned in by other Scouts.
Directions to the Occoneechee Council Office & Scout Shop
Distance from Downtown Chapel Hill: 31.7 mi (about 42 mins)
- Turn right into the I-40 E entry ramp to Raleigh – go 16 mi
- Continue on Raleigh-Chapel Hill Expy toward Raleigh North/Raleigh East – go 3.3 mi
- Bear right into the I-440 N entry ramp to Wake Forest/Rocky Mount/Wilson – go 5.8 mi
- Take the Wake Forest Rd exit 10 – go 0.2 mi
- Turn right at Wake Forest Rd – go 0.4 mi
- Turn left at E Six Forks Rd – go 0.5 mi
- Turn left at Atlantic Ave – go 0.8 mi
Uniform Tailoring and Patch Attachment
Adult leaders (who were not taught to sew by their mothers) have relied on Oriental Tailors at 99 South Elliot Road in Chapel Hill to have uniforms altered and add patches.
Personal Camping Equipment
Each patrol is issued a set of camping equipment and is responsible for its upkeep and proper maintenance. Patrols are issued camp stoves, basic pots and pans, cookware, a patrol box, and a lantern. Troop 39 will provide tents for new Scouts to use, but as a general rule, the troop does not provide tents for camping. While each Scout does not need to have his own tent, Patrol Leaders are expected to make sure each Scout attending
a camping trip has a tent in which to sleep.
Scouts receive a 10% discount off camping equipment purchased at Townsend & Bertram camping store in Car Mill Mall in Carrboro if they have their BSA membership card.
Scouts are encouraged to have the following personal gear for camping trips:
- 4 changes of underwear
- at least 2 changes of socks
- extra clothing (appropriate to season)
- jacket
- hat
- rain gear
- extra shoes
- deep bowl and/or plate
- cup, knife, fork, and spoon
- water bottle or canteen
- Warm sleeping bag, or lightweight bag with extra blankets
- sleeping pad, or extra blankets for underneath sleeping bag
- flashlight
- personal hygiene items
- small towel
- Bandaids / first aid kit
- notepad and pen or pencil
New Scouts and parents are encouraged to talk with experienced troop members and parents about specific types of personal gear, brands, preferences, and suggestions before purchasing equipment. Items such as tents and sleeping bags can last many years so it is wise to make the best initial purchase.
Patrol Food on Trips
Each trip, there will be a designated patrol member responsible for purchasing food based on the menu derived by the Patrol Leader. That patrol member should be reimbursed by patrol members no later than the Wednesday meeting following the trip. Scouts who make a commitment to a trip will be held accountable for reimbursing the patrol member who is responsible for the food regardless of whether they are able to attend the trip or not.


text: On Fri, 10 Jan 2003, Mike Eggleston wrote: > My guess is this question has been asked before, but I've not been > able to find it in the archive file. The question is given a typical > 10Mb/s lan how many nodes can a cluster support? Assume the cluster > has its own switch, the head and nodes are connected in a star with > the switch, the cluster lan is isolated from all other non-cluster > network traffic, the only way to reach a node is through the head, > ignore extra traffic from TCP handshakes and such, and the the > data packet for a work unit is 1KB with a 100B results packet back > to the head. > > How do I calculate this? Are you serious about the 10 Mbps lan, as in 10BT ethernet? Just asking...;-) What you want to do is visit: http://www.ethermanage.com/ethernet/ethernet.html (Charles Spurgeon's Ethernet Page). Yes, it still has 10base configuration data and full explanations (vampire taps, anyone? :-). Over the years, it has been THE place to learn about raw ethernet, although there are several other ethernet-related sites on the brahma page: http://www.phy.duke.edu/brahma that are also most informative. Some years ago I would have done a tour of the site, refreshed my own memory, and fully answered your question as well as given you the link. At this point though, 10-base isn't worth considering any more. Literally. So my first suggestion would be to ask your question assuming switched 100-base from the beginning (also documented on this site, of course) -- it isn't any more expensive, after all. In some sense, however, the answer at 10 base is going to be "more nodes than you'll ever be able to connect or use", depending on just how much computation to communication you do for your < 1KB (single packet) messages. This is because as long as you use switched technology, you can pretty much stack up the switches and/or routers indefinitely as far as ethernet is concerned -- not strictly true, since the latencies will eventually add up enough to cause problems -- but true enough to get you far more nodes than you are likely to be able to keep fed and retrieve data from keeping your master node and its incredibly bottlenecked 10BT connection happy. Some tasks can be run across serial connections, or on different continents, and still proceed very satisfactorily. Once upon a time not so very long ago, "most" lans were 10BT, and interconnected by switching/routing/bridging layers. Even then, something like SETI or RC5 could be scaled out to tens of thousands of hosts or more, because they involve a lot of EP computation for a tiny bit of communication (once the task software itself is distributed). OTOH, you haven't indicated how LONG a node will work in between those two packets, and whether the work has to be done to a barrier (so all nodes have to finish and return the result before any node can get the next work unit) or independently. All of this matters. If the node-work time is very short -- say, order of a millisecond or less, you may not be able to scale to TWO nodes with 10BT in between and realize a time saving relative to your master node just doing both work units itself. This is simple arithmetic -- you have around 1 MB/second total bandwidth, and around 1K of data (in two packets) to move around per task, so 1000 per second saturates the master's bandwidth. If it is very long -- say a day -- you could likely cover a fair chunk of the eastern seaboard with your tasks and still get near-linear speedup, even over 10BT (how many millisecond time slices in 24 hours? About 10^9. Even allowing for considerable chaos and overhead (one full second to connect to a node, start a task, and collect results), you might be able to use as many as 10^5 nodes... HTH, rgb Robert G. Brown http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/ Duke University Dept. of Physics, Box 90305 Durham, N.C. 27708-0305 Phone: 1-919-660-2567 Fax: 919-660-2525 email:rgb at phy.duke.edu


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Every Sunday, 9:30 a - 10:45 a, Room: The Courts
What Is The Middle School Service?
A gathering with many other teenagers from the area to study God's Word and see how it applies to your daily life. A normal Sunday consists of three major components:
- Worship: To remove all distractions and prepare the hearts and attitudes of our students for the life-changing word of God.
- Preaching: Leon Lombard (or other youth staff) deliver God's Word to the students in a dynamic and funny way.
- Small groups: We put a significant emphasis on preparation for the smaller groups so that students may ask questions and really understand the message of the day.
Bible study is always fun, interactive, and a great place of spiritual growth. Catch up with us on Sunday Mornings!
What Do I Do If I Want To Attend?
Sundays at 9:30a
The Courts
Contact us:
Not sure about where to go when you get here? Let us know you are coming and we will meet you to show you around. Email .


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AIA Lecturer: Michael H. Laughy, Jr.
Lectures by Michael H. Laughy, Jr.
Michael Laughy is Assistant Professor with the Department of Classics at Washington and Lee University, and holds his degrees from the University of California, Berkeley (Ph.D.), Washington University in St. Louis, and the University of New Hampshire. His areas of specialization are the history and archaeology of ancient Athens, the ancient Greek and Roman historians, ancient Greek religion and epigraphy, and world archaeology.
AIA Tours


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The way I've chosen to answer that, at this point anyway, is that some events have broader implications on or stronger interrelationships with the rest of the Bible than others. Some events are also more pivotal in the development of God's purposes and with mankind.
So just for fun, here are my top ten (chronological order), with limited explanation. I'll save the supporting arguments for when y'all start shooting back.
- Creation
- Fall
- Flood
- Establishment and reiteration of the Abrahamic Covenant
- Exodus
- Establishment of the Davidic Covenant
- Incarnation of Christ
- Death and resurrection of Christ (I realize I'm cheating pretty badly here so I don't have to cut elsewhere.)
- Pentecost
- Second coming/final judgment/New Heavens & New Earth (Cheating again, though it wouldn't be quite so egregious if I were Amillennial.)


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Kat Stacks First Interview Out of Jail: Talks Immigration Case & Jail Time
Hip-hop model Kat Stacks talks about her two years behind bars awaiting a decision on possibly getting deported. She says that once the media got involved with her case after her initial appeal, they decided to drop everything and release her from prison.
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


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The American Chemical Society awarded a doctoral candidate from Costa Mesa with the green chemistry travel award, the group recently announced.
Shannon Woodruff was one of four students in the United States to receive the 2012 Ciba travel award in green chemistry, which will sends students to an ACS conference.
Woodruff is studying at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas, concentrating in polymer chemistry, and is expected to attend the ACS meeting in New Orleans in April.
"Green chemistry" is the design of less hazardous or benign chemical products and processes.
— Lauren Williams
Twitter: @lawilliams30


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Exterior View
View from Centennial Square
Lobby from Centennial Square
Left Boxes
Stage from Back of Upper Balcony
Stage from Front of Upper Balcony
Stage from Lower Balcony
Stage from Back of Main Floor
Stage from Back of Main Floor with Audience
Stage from Back of Main Floor
Stage Close Up
Main Floor Lobby
Main Floor Lobby with Audience
Main Floor Lobby
Lawrence Eastick Hall
Mezzanine Lobby
Mezzanine Lobby
Box Office
The 772 seat McPherson Playhouse opened as part of the Pantages chain of theatres. It is one of the finest examples of theatres from that period still standing in Canada. It has continuously served the needs of the community since opening in 1914. A variety of professional, community and amateur events are presented at "The Mac" year-round.
For a PDF version of the McPherson Playhouse seating map please click here.


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Because Cats
Fyrinnae Eyeshadow
Fyrinnae Because Cats is a cool purple with a frost finish that is permanent and retails for $6.75 and contains 0.105 oz. Read review...
Our loose shadows are not dry powder, but contain synthetic oil and other ingredients which cause them to appear clumpy or sometimes form tiny (easily used as-is or crushed) balls of shadow. They are supposed to look and feel this way. The inclusion of these ingredients often lends to richer color and longer wear, and helps reduce fallout during application.
Mica, Cyclopentasiloxane, Isododecane, Styrene/PVP Copolymer, Myristyl Myristate. May contain: Iron Oxides, Titanium Dioxide, Manganese Violet, Tin Oxide, Ultramarines, Chromium Oxide, Copper Powder, Bronze Powder, Calcium Aluminum Borosilicate, Magnesium Myristate,Blue #1, Red #40, Yellow #5, Synthetic Fluorphlogopite, Ferric Ferrocyanide, Silica.
Reader Reviews
Based on 0 Reviews, 1 Quick Review
The Good: Smooth (1), Blendable (1), Crease-resistant (1), Long-wearing (1), Great Value (1)
The In-Between: Highly Pigmented (1)


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Israel News - Stay Informed, Pray Informed
Israel on Wednesday suggested that the international community's overwhelming support for France's anti-terror military incursion into the west African nation of Mali reveals a clear double standard when it comes to the Jewish state's security.
France has been increasing its military presence and activity in Mali over the past two weeks as it battles Al Qaeda-linked forces that control the northern half of the country. The French incursion came at the request of Mali's government.
But France also sees the action as necessary to protect Europe.
"The threat is a terrorist state at the doorstep of France and Europe," French Defense Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian said two weeks ago at the outset of the military campaign.
Israeli Ambassador to the UN Ron Prosor played on that at the UN Security Council on Wednesday.
"If Mali is on France's doorstep, Gaza is in Israel's living room," said Prosor, in clear reference to the severe lack of international support Israel has received when combating Hamas and its allied terror groups entrenched in the coastal enclave.
Prosor elaborated: "Make no mistake: France's principled stand should be commended. We only ask that France and all the countries who are supports its principled stand today, support Israel tomorrow when we fight Islamic terrorism on our borders."
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Why is the Internal temperature going down?
I was taught to always aim for internal temperature to reach 98°C (208°F) for any kind of bread to assure its microbiologic safety. I've never had problems with that until I recently started to test a new recipe.
1.step sourdough: 10% dark rye (I'm now using freshly ground) + 10% water - ferment overnight
2.step sourdough: 45% dark rye + 45% water - ferment 6-8 hours
Final dough: 45% mixed flours (e.g. whole spelt and all purpose) + 10-15% water + 4% olive oil + 1-2% honey + 1% salt + caraway seeds and bread spice
The final dough goes directly to pans and proofs for 45 - 90 minutes, depending on room temperature.
I bake it as all other breads: 15 minutes 230°C (446°F) with steam, then 40-50 minutes 200°C (392°F). Lowering the temperature is a must with my Bosh oven, which has quite strong upper heat.
The problem with this bread is that after 50-55 minutes the internal temperature is about 91-95°C (196-203°F). Than I take the loafs out of the pans and put back to oven directly on the rack (as quickly as possible). After another 10 minuts of baking the internal temperature hardly reaches 90°C (194°F). Why is the temperature dropping?


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OAKLAND — Concerns that a container ship's anchor hit the Transbay Tube early Friday proved unfounded after officials found that the barge was not over the BART tracks at the time and the tube was unscathed, according to the U.S. Coast Guard.
No one was injured, but train service was snarled during the lunch hour Friday.
Coast Guard investigators and inspectors are probing how the container vessel lost propulsion while mooring at Berth 35 in at the Port of Oakland at 8:45 a.m. Friday.
"The ship was not over the BART tubes when the anchor was deployed, but due to the proximity, the Coast Guard notified BART personnel as a precautionary measure," said U.S. Coast Guard Petty Officer Loumania Stewart.
The 3.6-mile-long tube did not sustain any damage after the incident in the Oakland Outer Harbor Channel, BART spokesman Jim Allison confirmed.
Two tugboats helped the ship move up to the pier, Stewart said.
BART passengers on two trains inside the tube did not report hearing any type of noise and the tube's alarms were not sounded.
As a precaution, two BART trains in the tube were stopped at 11:55 a.m. while workers inspected the BART tracks and the inside of the tube, BART officials said.
"We did our inspections," Allison said. "If the anchor hit it, there was no damage. We have an extensive network of alarms in the tubes that include water alarms and none of those alarms were triggered. We also have ultrasound testing we can do from the inside out."
The tube, Allison said, is made of a 5/8-inch thick reinforced steel tube, covered by a 3-foot concrete liner. At its lowest point the tube is located 132 feet deep below sea level.
Trains began running again about 12:20 p.m., but there were delays of 15-25 minutes. Service was restored to normal by about 1 p.m., a BART official said.
BART runs five lines, four of which go through the tubes. They are: Pittsburg Bay Point to SFO, Fremont to Daly City, Richmond to Daly City and Dublin/Pleasanton to Daly City.
Allison said he could not recall a similar incident in the past decade.
Contact Natalie Neysa Alund at 510-293-2469. Follow her at Twitter.com/nataliealund. Contact Kristin J. Bender at email@example.com. Follow her at Twitter.com/kjbender.


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This print is perfect for the baseball player in your life. It will be customized in your choice of colors for the background and the font. If baseball isn't the sport you are looking for, just ask, I can do any sport.
If you select custom colors please remember to leave me your color choices in the NOTE TO SELLER BOX WHEN ORDERING or message me.
If you would like to turn this print into a digital file you may be interested in this listing.
I am pleased to announce that all of my prints can now be ordered as a canvas. We work closely with a company who will print your canvas. Each canvas is hand-made in the USA. See the following listing to order a canvas print. You do not need to purchase both listings, just the canvas listing. If you are interested in ordering a set of canvas prints, such as a 2, 3 or 4 piece sets please message me as I can offer you a discount.
All of my prints are made to order by me, they are available in the colors shown or can be customized to match your decor. Please check out my color chart for frequently used colors. If you don't see the color you want, you can send me a photo of your bedding/decor and I can match it.
If a draft is necessary please allow 1-3 DAYS for your draft, I usually get them to you much sooner than that. Drafts will be posted in Etsy Conversation, so please check there. I will not ship any prints until I receive your approval. IF YOU DO NOT RECEIVE YOUR DRAFT/DRAFTS AFTER 4 DAYS PLEASE MESSAGE ME.
We print on high-end printers with top quality archival inks using heavyweight MATTE *fine art papers. The quality is stunning and the prints are made to last.
* GLOSSY PAPER available upon request.
GIFT - If you are purchasing this as a gift and would like to include a gift card please let me know.
* I do my very best to match colors, however, colors may appear slightly different when you receive them than what was on your computer or phone screen*
1-3 business days
Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. I'm not responsible for delays due to customs.
Just contact me within: 5 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 21 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, I can't accept returns for:
Buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value.


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Post fix and stain for E.M. The solution is microfiltered and features exact concentration, no cross contamination, and has excellent stability when kept cold and in the dark. Supplied in pre-scored sealed ampoules with each ampoule having its own ampoule cracker. Used for post staining of DAB/peroxidase to darken and retain stain for long term storage,
- Reference(s):
Scheller, E. L. et al. Use of osmium tetroxide staining with microcomputerized tomography to visualize and quantify bone marrow adipose tissue in vivo. Methods in enzymology 537, 123–39 (2014). doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-411619-1.00007-0
- Hazards:
- Corrosive
, Irritant
- Handling:
- Glove, chemical goggles & fume hood
- Storage:
- Store at room temperature


text: "Ugly Corn" Gets Them Talking June 6, 2014 09:00 AM Tweet TAGS: Marketing, Overseas December 18, 2014 By Jo Windmann AgWeb Senior Web Producer Email AgWeb asked and you answered. Here's what's happening this week on Crop Comments The real conversation starter was submitted by an east-central Iowa farmer on Monday, June 2: —East Central Iowa 6/2 - East Central Iowa: Corn going through its ugly stage as I call it. So I'm finding N, some not. This "ugly stage" corn comment prompted others to chime in, sharing their opinions and their own corn crop issues. Here's what others are saying: 6/4 - Dallas County, Iowa: News flash for the East Central IA guy that sent in a photo of his "ugly stage" corn. That aint normal and it aint going to grow through it. It may not be as noticeable later but yield potential has been lost because you put on your NH3 when it was TOO WET. There is an old saying that " a pound of nitrogen is a pound of nitrogen, no matter which form it is applied in ". That old saying is true as long as the application is done correctly. The corn in that photo is not getting full benefit from the N and it most likely has been injured. I suggest you look at how your soil conditions are instead of seeing if your neighbors are going to know if conditions are OK. 6/5 - Southern Knox County, Ill.: The severe weather didn't materialize for us, but we did get 1.7 inches of slow rain which we desperately needed. Our no-till looks good. Regarding that "ugly" mottled, yellow-looking corn field. I'm seeing quite a bit of this. in some locales, maybe 30% of the fields have these symptoms to varying degrees. I've been trying to figure out what was causing it, because I've never seen it so widespread. It's everywhere you go. 6/6 - Central Ill.: Corn all up and beautiful. No difference between rotational and continuous corn. The secret is 80 units of nitrogen applied 2 inches over and 2 inches down. Eliminates the ugly stage and corn is HAPPY all season unless we have a drought of course. It is more work but what are we working for??? Are you having a similar issue with your corn? Have any tips or suggestions? Share them on AgWeb Crop Comments. Back to news


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Despite the wide range of tax relief available, over two thirds of UK technology companies do not believe the current tax regime fuels enterprise in the UK, according to a survey conducted by PricewaterhouseCoopers.
Its survey found that measures introduced in the 2009 Budget are not reaching the majority of the domestic technology industry. Over 50% of technology companies have failed to make use of tax R&D credits, while nearly 80% have not taken advantage of environmental relief.
Barry Murphy, PwC's UK technology leader, said the low take up may indicate that tech companies do not view what they do as innovative, or are put off by a complex claims process.
"Many UK tech companies assume they are not at the cutting edge of technology, therefore don't apply, but are actually entitled to that all-important relief," said Murphy. "In this digital age, UK competitiveness is reliant on innovation and technology."
"It's now time for people to review their claims and tap into as much tax relief as possible," he said. "This is particularly important in a tough investment environment," he said.
Over 90% of those surveyed called for a reduction in tax rates.
"This is a common call but it is allied to the need for simpler systems that are less subject to unexpected change in every [Pre Budget Report] and Budget," said Murphy. "Getting the policies right to encourage early and second stage capital investment is key to future growth in UK technology, however constant tinkering with the tax regime causes companies to disengage."
Murphy said that technology leaders are committed to the long-term success of the economy, and need stability to enable them to make sensible commercial decisions.
"They are calling on Government to provide more certainty in the tax regime and regulation more broadly," he said.
The Government's Pre Budget Report is scheduled for 12.30pm on 9th December.


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- About us
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Nicolas and Guillaume have been judging your submissions of the FC2010/2 relentlessly over the last few days and we now have the results in: We had a total of 32 submissions and a very tight race at the top. In the end, four submissions tied for first place:
Congratulations to the winners!!! Each winner will receive a signed book from one of our Honeynet Project authors. We have posted the submissions of the winners and sample solution on the FC2010/2 web page. All participants of the challenge should have also received an email today with information about their individual score as well as placement.
Please join me in thanking the folks that have put up FC2010/2: Nicolas Collery from the Singapore Chapter and Guillaume Arcas from the French Chapter. Coming up with a great challenge that is both interesting and educational requires a lot of dedication and hard work. Nicolas and Guillaume have put in a lot of effort in the last few weeks and through most of the weekend to make this challenge a success. Thank you!
Josh Smith and Matt Cote (RIT chapter), Angelo Dell'Aera (Italian chapter) and Nicolas Collery (Signapore chapter) are finalizing the third forensic challenge, which will be posted in the next few days. This challenge - called 'Banking Troubles' - asks to perform forensic work on an incident that has occured at a company X. One of their employees opened a pdf file. While no sign of trouble was apparent, some suspicious activity occurred on their bank account. Company X was able to obtain a memory image of the employee's (virtual) machine...
Thanks again - looking forward to a successful and active challenge 3.
Christian Seifert
Chief Communications Officer
The Honeynet Project


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�I�m a sinner,� reads the famous black T-shirt from Madonna�s recent �MDNA� concert tour. On the back, it reminds us that we are all sinners.
I have been thinking about this since all the hoorah surrounding Pope Benedict XVI�s decision to retire and the coming gathering in the Vatican to choose a new pope. I�ve decided that throughout history, one controversy after another, the Catholic Church seems to have made a lot of poor, sometimes disastrous decisions and had to be forgiven for them. Its history is far from perfect, although, perhaps, its civilizing force during the Renaissance and the good works the Church does all over the world somehow make up for it.
I see that Elmore Leonard, one of my favorite novelists, suggested in The New York Times last Sunday that you don�t have to be a cardinal to lead the church. Why not a nun in heels? (Mr. Leonard grew up in the church, taught by Jesuits.) It wouldn�t be a bad idea if the cardinals� meeting considered this advice.
I�d personally like to see New York�s Cardinal Timothy Dolan as the next pope. He is young, a vigorous 63, has a grand sense of humor and a lot of persuading charm. He seems to usually be laughing and urging nonbelievers to join him. He puts a realistic face on things. Not that it will ever happen.
Maybe a pope like the American cardinal could help change all that by bringing a modern aspect to the Vatican. For one thing, doesn�t the Church need to dispense with some of the pomposity? Not to forget the absurd man-made strictures about celibacy that only lead to trouble.
Seth MacFarlane gave ABC�s Oscar telecast a million more viewers this year. Despite Seth indicating that his hosting stint was a one-time-only thing, I bet he�s being wooed right now to reprise his act next year.
From the New York Post�s movie critic, Kyle Smith, to The New York Times, people are trashing the Academy Awards show. Though comic turns are allowed some leeway, there are always the totally �politically correct� types who must protest.
The Times notes Jewish organizations that felt they were held up to ridicule, and women who protested the �We Saw Your Boobs� musical tribute to onscreen nudity, which named actresses from Meryl Streep on down.
But slightly salacious wisecracks are endemic in popular culture. As noted above, the Oscars cast was a ratings hit and should be allowed its hits and errors if we want the telecasts to be continued.


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LONG BEACH — With word and wallet, competing city leaders, powerful labor unions and other vested parties are aligning behind Long Beach City Council candidates for the April 10 election.
The most competitive race may be the 8th District battle between labor representative Al Austin and Lillian Kawasaki, an elected director with the Water Replenishment District of Southern California.
Austin and Kawasaki are campaigning to replace termed-out Councilwoman Rae Gabelich to represent portions of Bixby Knolls, North Long Beach and nearby neighborhoods.
Collectively, the 8th District candidates have raised the most money of the three council contests this year, $61,397. Kawasaki reported $33,766 in donations since Jan. 1, according to final pre-election campaign finance reports, with Austin filing a statement showing $27,631 in the same period.
But more than the money, the 8th District race may be notable for a de facto matchup between city leaders.
Kawasaki, who is retired from a public service career in Los Angeles, counts many establishment elected officials as supporters, including Mayor Bob Foster, former Mayor Beverly O'Neill, state Sen. Alan Lowenthal, D-Long Beach, and L.A. County Supervisor Don Knabe. Gary DeLong, the 3rd District councilman, has donated to Kawasaki's campaign.
By contrast, Al Austin is Gabelich's hand-picked successor. Gabelich frequently clashes with Foster and DeLong on budget and other issues.
Austin has a strong share of elected support as well, with a list that includes 6th District Councilman Dee Andrews, 9th District Councilman Steve Neal and former council members Val Lerch, Rob Webb, Tonia Reyes Uranga and Doris Topsy-Elvord. Outside of Long Beach, Austin has secured endorsements from L.A. County Supervisor Mark Ridley-Thomas, Assemblyman Isadore Hall, D-Compton, and Assemblyman Ricardo Lara, D-Bell Gardens, who is poised to win Long Beach's new state Senate seat in November.
Austin also has gotten nods from the city's police and fire unions, the Los Angeles County Democratic Party, the Los Angeles County Federation of Labor and a host of labor organizations.
Kawasaki is endorsed by the Long Beach Chamber of Commerce, the Sierra Club and the Los Angeles League of Conservation Voters, among others.
She said her list shows her ability to connect with a diverse group of community stakeholders, which she believes is needed to make well-informed decisions.
"It really is a sign of the board support I've gotten and the way I want to work," Kawasaki said.
Notably, Austin has received donations from several medical marijuana groups. The Avalon Wellness Collective, C.A.R.E. Alternative Meds Inc. and Long Beach Collective Inc. each contributed $220 to his campaign.
Austin noted that the contributors are organizations in good standing in Long Beach.
"I do not support renegade collectives," said Austin. "I do believe the city should be able to regulate to the best extent possible.
However, he said, "People with medical needs should have access (to medical marijuana)."
He added that he was supportive of the council's actions earlier this year to ban collectives while offering temporary amnesty to existing groups that were complying with the city's permit regulations.
Labor influences 4th
Southeast of the 8th District, in the Los Altos-based 4th District, incumbent Councilman Patrick O'Donnell is running as a write-in candidate.
His name won't appear on the ballot unless neither he nor his two challengers, business consultant and community activist Daryl Supernaw and retired Long Beach police officer John Watkins, receive a majority of the vote. If that happens, the contest would continue to a June runoff election.
To ensure that happens, if he can't get an outright win in April, O'Donnell will need his most loyal supporters – unions.
O'Donnell's list of endorsements is crowded with labor backing, including the Long Beach Police Officers Association, the Long Beach Firefighters Association, the Los Angeles County Federation of Labor and the Los Angeles and Orange Counties Building and Construction Trades Council, to name a few.
Other nods include 1st District Councilman Robert Garcia, Neal, Lowenthal, the Los Angeles League of Conservation Voters, the Long Beach Democratic Club and the Los Angeles County Democratic Party.
Labor is also filling O'Donnell's campaign coffers, helping power his money total to $35,648 since Jan. 1, according to the City Clerk's Office.
Among O'Donnell's list of financial supporters is Assemblywoman Bonnie Lowenthal, D-Long Beach. One of Lowenthal's campaign committees gave $350 to O'Donnell, according to city records.
The contribution is noteworthy since O'Donnell stepped out of the race for Long Beach's Assembly seat after Lowenthal ended her state Senate bid to run for a final term.
O'Donnell has dodged queries about whether he would run for Assembly in two years, when Lowenthal is termed out, saying he is focused on serving another council term.
Watkins, who has raised $14,061 this year, is endorsed by the Long Beach Chamber of Commerce. Officials with the city police and fire unions have said that Watkins would have been a likely recipient of their endorsements had O'Donnell not run for a third term.
Supernaw, best known for his advocacy efforts to fill in the Atherton Ditch, a community eyesore and safety hazard, has collected $2,928 this year in a "grass-roots" campaign.
Lowenthal leads 2nd
Councilwoman and Vice Mayor Suja Lowenthal is the only incumbent appearing on the ballot this month.
She has raised $29,473 since Jan. 1 in her attempt to win a second elected term representing Long Beach's port area and the coastal downtown east of the complex.
Endorsers include Foster, Garcia, 7th District Councilman James Johnson, Webb and former Councilman Mike Donelon. She is drawing institutional support from the Los Angeles County Democratic Party, the Los Angeles County Federation of Labor, the Long Beach Democratic Club, the California National Organization for Women, the Los Angeles League of Conservation Voters, the Sierra Club and others.
Lowenthal faces competition from Janet Ballantyne, the president of the 133 Promenade Walk Corp. homeowners association, and Mike Kamer, a volunteer coordinator and student at Cal State Long Beach.
Ballantyne, a sponsor relations manager at a large financial firm, has raised $8,260 in 2012 for her efforts to unseat Lowenthal by tapping into discontent with the councilwoman's actions on zoning and other downtown issues.
Kamer has not reached the $1,000 reporting threshold of outside donations.
email@example.com, 562-714-2104, twitter.com/EricBradleyPT


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How To Make Profit from Affiliate Marketing - SupportingAds.com ClickBank Solution
SupportingAds.com is one of the leading advertising networks for affiliates.. especially Clickbank. Promoting ClickBank products gives you the ultimate chance to make your american dream - i know affiliate marketers who do above 1000-1500 $ per day simply by promoting their ClickBank Hop-Link. Affiliates get paid up to 75% for each sale.
Every affiliate marketer is using CLickbank.. as starting at CLickBank most of the time you even get a higher percentage than the product owner. The big question now is how to get buyers to your affiliate link and how to promote your hop-link?
Did you heard of those (affiliate marketers gurus) that make 3000-5000 a day and every day? And same time when you check your Clickbank account you see no sales again... You have probably had your affiliate links, displaying text ad links and banners on your website and blog?
So what are they doing Now?: What are successful online marketers doing differently than You to make money? The answer is right here: SupportingAds.com SupportingAds.com charges as low per click as few cents and yet its quality & geo locations are unbeatable, thats why it became the heaven for Clickbank & affiliate marketers and vendors aswell.
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by Jennifer Katz
When East Mt. Airy Neighbors President Dan Muroff decided to get a car that was both politically and environmentally aligned with his beliefs, he did his homework. He researched his options and eventually started to hear the buzz about a car Chevrolet was making, a first of its kind electric car: the Volt.
Chevrolet began making the Volt in December of last year. It has been called "the most fuel-efficient car with an internal combustion engine sold in the United States." What differentiates the Volt from its hybrid predecessors is its battery power. The Volt's battery is a 1,200-pound mammoth that powers the drive train. The Volt, unlike its only competitor the Nissan Leaf, has a back up generator that runs on gasoline.
The Volt battery charge lasts for 42-45 miles. When the charge runs out the car moves seamlessly to the generator, allowing drivers the convenience of longer driving without having to recharge the battery.
Until electric cars and thus electric car charging stations become more prevalent, owners like Muroff have to plug-in every night to either a 120V or 240V Charger (the higher the voltage the quicker the charge). At 120V it takes approximately 8-9 hours to fully charge the battery.
Muroff, a self-proclaimed sustainability geek, and his wife, who works for green roof company Roof Meadow, wanted to buy a new car for sometime and knew they wanted to "go green."
Why not buy a hybrid?
"The hybrid ploy never charmed me," Muroff said. "It's not moving us away from the oil standard. It is perpetuating it."
Electric cars are what Muroff calls "the first real step" away from the oil standard.
"The shift to electricity gives us the strength to push for change away from oil towards domestic renewable energy," Muroff said.
To charge the Volt every night costs approximately $1 for every 34-35 miles. Muroff estimated it costs him $20 more a month in electricity.
The base price for the Volt is $34,000 and the government is offering a $7,500 rebate making it more affordable for the average consumer. To entice buyers Chevrolet outfitted the car with upgraded options – a built-in GPS, leather interior, seat warmers and Onstar location system.


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I said yesterday that the Democrats would have a hard time complaining about the RNC's new video, since all it does is show them talking. Silly me. Last night, the Democratic National Committee sent out an email denouncing the Republicans' ad:
It's obvious to nearly everyone that Iraq is a mess. Over two-thirds of Americans believe that Republicans have no clear plan for victory and about the same number disapprove of the way the war is being handled. Yet the administration and its increasingly desperate collaborators are determined to cover up their lies, mistakes, mismanagement and corruption.
How desperate are they? We saw a few weeks ago when extremist Republicans called decorated combat veteran and Democratic Congressman Jack Murtha a coward for daring to propose a new plan for Iraq. And today the Republican National Committee hit a new low — even for them. They released a video that, according to press reports, "shows a white flag waving over images of Democratic leaders." [Ed.: "According to press reports"? Are they trying to pretend they haven't watched it themselves?]
It's been nearly three years since we went into Iraq, and things are getting worse, not better. That's why Democrats, independents, and even moderate Republicans are standing up for our troops [Ed.: That's not how the troops see it, of course.] and saying, "Enough is enough." We need a plan to accomplish our mission in Iraq. [Ed.: Actually, what the antiwar Democrats have offered is a plan to give up on our mission in Iraq.]
Jack Murtha offered his — a strategic redeployment to make our forces in the Middle East more effective and get the target off of our troops' backs — and many Democrats signed on. [Ed.: Note this utterly dishonest characterization of Murtha's call for surrender in Iraq. And "many" Democrats apparently means three.] Meanwhile, a bipartisan coalition of over 70 Senators came together to support a no confidence measure [Ed.: Huh?] and lay out a plan to make 2006 a transition year in Iraq. No one expects everyone to agree on what the new plan should be, but everyone should agree that we need a new plan. All the RNC has to offer is an inflammatory video and smearing of its opponents. [Ed.: The Democrats are the only party who think that if you show a video of them expressing their opinions, you're smearing them. They are right about one thing, though: the video is inflammatory. If enough people knew how the Democrats really think, they'd be swept out of office.]
How can you stop this sickening behavior? There is only one language Republican leaders understand — the language of money. It's what their leaders live on — and what has gotten several of them indicted. If they know that every disingenuous attack means another $100,000 for the Democratic Party, they will think twice about launching them. [Ed.: Yes, all those dirty Republicans care about is money. Show you're not like them by sending us money!]
Speaking of money, the Democrats' other complaint about the ad is that it didn't cost much to make, and the Republicans are airing it on the web, which is more or less free, rather than on television. It's true, of course, that it doesn't cost much to make an ad when all you have to do is show your opponents talking. It's funny how, now that the Democrats have become the party of the super-rich, they resent it when the Republicans get their message out on the cheap.


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For $60,000 a month you can live in the penthouse of the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere—for now at least.
The New York by Gehry building, designed by Frank Gehry, towers 870 feet above the streets of Manhattan. The skyscraper sits on Spruce Street, over looking the construction site at One World Trade Center.
Depending on which of the three penthouses you pick, rent will range from $45,000 to $60,000 a month, according to the New York Daily News.
The kitchens in the units are equipped with luxuries such as six-burner Miele stoves and Sub-Zero icemakers.
The building offers an indoor pool, baby grand piano, and personal Pilates rooms to its renters.


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After 27 hours of travel, I'm finally back from my first Linux.conf.au.
This was a great conference! Some of my favorite highlights:
- Out for dinner the first night, my whole table started spontaneously talking about Haskell, including details of IO management frameworks like conduit and pipes, and a new one that's waiting in the wings. That just doesn't happen in the real world. A lot of us continued to do Haskell stuff in the hallway track, although for some reason there were no Haskell talks on the official schedule. Maybe it's time for a Haskell miniconf at LCA?
- Meeting Josh, Jamie, Sarah, Brendan, Craig, and others I've worked with online but never encountered IRL. Also reconnecting with old friends (some I'd not seen in 13 years) and finding new ones.
- The speaker's dinner in a revolving restaurant overlooking Canberra. Leave it to a restaurant full of geeks to invent an asychronous communications medium in such a setting. (Notes attached to windows to be read and answered by tables as they rotated by.)
- Meeting quite a lot of git-annex users, Kickstarter backers, and people interested in using git-annex. Thanks to everyone who came up to me for a chat.
- The evening pickup board game sessions. Especially my wiping out three other Tsuro players at once by forcing them all to end on the same square. ;) These were where I felt the most at home in Australia.
- Robert Llewellyn dropping in and mingling with fans of Red Dwarf and Scrapheap Challenge. One of the very few actors I could possibly fanboy on, and LCA not only somehow got him, but constructed an atmosphere that allowed for this photo of us.
My git-annex talk went ok, despite technical problems with the video output, which the video team did a great job of working around. The first demo went well, and the Q&A was excellent.
The demo of the git-annex assistant webapp was marred by, apparently, a bad build of the webapp -- which I ironically used rather than my usual development build because I assumed it'd be less likely to fail. At least I may have a way to reproduce that hang somewhat reliably now, so I can get on with debugging it. I will be redoing a demo of the webapp as a screencast.
Here are some of the best talks I attended. (I have quite a lot more queued up to watch still, and had to cut several due to space.) Click titles for videos, or browse all the videos.
Git for Ages 4 and Up
Schwern has found a new, excellent way to explain git. I felt rather bad for using up a seat, especially once people were kicked out when the room was filled over capacity. But I enjoyed every minute of it. (Also has the best speaker intro ever. "Schwern once typed
git pull --hardand pulled GitHub's sever room across the street.")
BTW, I must confess: I left the red apple on teacher's desk.
Radia Perlman's keynote
Network protocol design and poetry from one of the quiet heros of our field. I knew Spanning Tree Protocol was used in ethernet, but it just works, so like many I never paid much attention to it. This talk felt like the best lectures, where you're learning from a master on multiple levels at once. Well done work often becomes an unremarked part of the landscape, which I sometimes find unrewarding, so it was great to have Radia give some perspective on what that's like over the course of decades.
Lightning Talks
A 90 second time limit really helps. Too many conferences have 5 minute talks, which is less exciting. If you still find them boring, skip forward to 13:50, where pjf does two talks in 90 seconds! (If a 20 second talk on depression is too .. manic, there's an encore at the end.)
The IPocalypse 20 months later
A reality check, with real data. Very important stuff here. We need to work to avoid this worst case scenario, and we also need to design around it.
Wildest talk beginning I've seen since RMS put the hard drive halo on his head. And to an important point: Any programs that deal with dates 25 years in the future already need to be fixed today to deal with the epoch rollover. This got me digging around in Haskell date libraries, to make sure they're ok.
Building Persona: Federated and Privacy Sensitive Identity for the Web
This talk and some previous conversation with Francois have convinced me that Persona (AKA Browserid) has a design that can succeed. I will be adding Persona login support to ikiwiki.
Beyond Alt Text: What Every Project Should Know About Accessibility
I missed the first half due to giving my talk, but the second half was full of rather a lot of excellent information, some of which I'd only guessed at before.
Git: Not Just for Source Code Anymore
Good overview of the new ways to use git. Also kept giving examples from my body of work, which is some nice ego stroking, thanks Josh. ;-)
including details of IO management frameworks like conduit and pipes, and a new one that's waiting in the wings.
Anything public yet? Or any hints at what it brings to the table over conduit and/or pipes. I have really enjoyed writing some pipes code recently and have been trying to keep an eye on the space in general.


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On the way to my husband's family reunion in Iowa last week, I suggested to my husband that we make a pit stop. At a cemetery. What convinced him to stop, I think, was the fact that it was "just" off the freeway. And it was. But there are 3 exits for the town of Cameron located in Clinton County, MO. And it wasn't until the 3rd exit that we found the cemetery. [Backtracking, of course.] But found it we did. With my husband, 2 kids, and I canvassing the small-ish Graceland Memorial Cemetery, it didn't take long to find my Blacketer's. My mother's father's family. Our family that we knew nothing about thanks to a tight-lipped grandfather with secrets. [I know I don't have the corner on grandfather's with secrets. But, seriously? Both of mine? Oh well. It makes the research much more interesting.]
Anywho, my son was the one to find them. Beckoned with a "Mom. I found them." [Words a genealogist loves to hear, yes?], I hurried to see my great-grandfather's tombstone along with my great-grandmother's and a great-uncle and his family. [Sigh.] The tombstone featured below is my great-grandfather's Civil War tombstone, which is located near the tombstone he shares with his wife, which I'll share next week. [No sense in sharing everything all at once. There are many more Tombstone Tuesday's to go. You know?] Harrison Blacketer served for the Union side in Company H and was a part of the 12th Mounted Cavalry for the state of Missouri along with his brother, Samuel Blacketer, who also served in the 12th Mounted Cavalry. Their father, Howell Blacketer (my 2nd great grandfather), also served in the Civil War for the Union side for the state of Missouri. I have no idea where Samuel is buried, but I do know that my 2nd great-grandfather, Howell, is buried a couple of counties over and a little further north in Missouri. However, it's not "just" off the freeway, and I didn't want to push my luck. I had a ton of cemeteries
I don't know much about Harrison except that in one census he was married to an Estella Cordelia (Davis) Smith. Then the next census he was married to her daughter, Martha Jane Smith, who is my great-grandmother. I've found his marriage record to Martha, but not to Estella. But Martha Jane was only about 10yo in the census he is listed as being married to her mother. There's a story there. Probably a really good one. Oh, and seriously? Martha? Jane? Smith? Davis? [Sigh.] I guess I shouldn't complain. At least there's not a Mary in there. [Snort.]


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Skillet Suppers: Pesto Pasta with Shrimp and Pine Nuts
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Pesto is one of those bold, flavor-packed additions that can easily overpower more delicate ingredients, but it's also delicious for that very same reason. Maybe it's the brightness of the basil or some childhood association that I can't recall, but it always reminds me of spring and summer. I love swirling it into steamy noodles and topping it with toasted pine nuts for extra crunch and nuttiness for a quick and easy meal.
To save time, I bought basil pesto but you can easily make your own. I added tomatoes and shrimp to complete this dish but you could easily skip them and try using chicken or a vegetarian version. Save some of the pasta cooking water just in case you want to loosen up the sauce if it seems dry. I only ended up using about a 1/4 of a cup of the water, but I would experiment with adding a little at a time and tossing it together until it reaches a consistency that you're happy with.
Overall, this is an easy weeknight meal that can be thrown together quickly with just a few ingredients. It also makes for great leftovers.
About the Author: Yasmin Fahr is a food lover, writer, and cook. Follow her @yasminfahr for more updates on her eating adventures and discoveries, which will most likely include tomatoes. And probably feta. Happy eating!
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By Ken K. Green
Lamar County High School senior wide receiver/defensive back Qua Searcy has announced that he will join his friends, classmates and Trojan teammates Lance and Lawrence Austin on The Flats by officially committing to sign to attend school and play football at Georgia Tech.
Searcy is considered by many to be the best all-around athlete ever at Lamar County.
Qua Searcy
Searcy follows twins; commits to GT
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The UWM Women's Resource Center focuses on Empowering Women, Ending Gender Violence, and Establishing Gender Equity.
Your UWM Women's Resource Center exists to provide education, support, and advocacy to students. We foster an inclusive environment and celebrate community through events and programming. The WRC is a safe space; we are committed to working in a nonjudgmental, culturally sensitive and compassionate way.
Please be sure to stop in to hang out, talk, attend an event, or check out a book from our lending library!


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Gothic art, the painting, sculpture, and architecture characteristic of the second of two great international eras that flourished in western and central Europe during the Middle Ages. Gothic art evolved from Romanesque art and lasted from the mid-12th century to as late as the end of the 16th century in some areas. The term Gothic was coined by classicizing Italian writers of the Renaissance, who attributed the invention (and what to them was the nonclassical ugliness) of medieval architecture to the barbarian Gothic tribes that had destroyed the Roman Empire and its classical culture in the 5th century ce. The term retained its derogatory overtones until the 19th century, at which time a positive critical revaluation of Gothic architecture took place. Although modern scholars have long realized that Gothic art has nothing in truth to do with the Goths, the term Gothic remains a standard one in the study of art history.
Architecture was the most important and original art form during the Gothic period. The principal structural characteristics of Gothic architecture arose out of medieval masons' efforts to solve the problems associated with supporting heavy masonry ceiling vaults over wide spans. The problem was that the heavy stonework of the traditional arched barrel vault and the groin vault exerted a tremendous downward and outward pressure that tended to push the walls upon which the vault rested outward, thus collapsing them. A building's vertical supporting walls thus had to be made extremely thick and heavy in order to contain the barrel vault's outward thrust.
Medieval masons solved this difficult problem about 1120 with a number of brilliant innovations. First and foremost they developed a ribbed vault, in which arching and intersecting stone ribs support a vaulted ceiling surface that is composed of mere thin stone panels. This greatly reduced the weight (and thus the outward thrust) of the ceiling vault, and since the vault's weight was now carried at discrete points (the ribs) rather than along a continuous wall edge, separate widely spaced vertical piers to support the ribs could replace the continuous thick walls. The round arches of the barrel vault were replaced by pointed (Gothic) arches which distributed thrust in more directions downward from the topmost point of the arch.
Since the combination of ribs and piers relieved the intervening vertical wall spaces of their supportive function, these walls could be built thinner and could even be opened up with large windows or other glazing. A crucial point was that the outward thrust of the ribbed ceiling vaults was carried across the outside walls of the nave, first to an attached outer buttress and then to a freestanding pier by means of a half arch known as a flying buttress. The flying buttress leaned against the upper exterior of the nave (thus counteracting the vault's outward thrust), crossed over the low side aisles of the nave, and terminated in the freestanding buttress pier, which ultimately absorbed the ceiling vault's thrust.
These elements enabled Gothic masons to build much larger and taller buildings than their Romanesque predecessors and to give their structures more complicated ground plans. The skillful use of flying buttresses made it possible to build extremely tall, thin-walled buildings whose interior structural system of columnar piers and ribs reinforced an impression of soaring verticality.
Three successive phases of Gothic architecture can be distinguished, respectively called early, High, and late Gothic.
Early Gothic
This first phase lasted from the Gothic style's inception in 1120–50 to about 1200. The combination of all the aforementioned structural elements into a coherent style first occurred in the Île-de-France (the region around Paris), where prosperous urban populations had sufficient wealth to build the great cathedrals that epitomize the Gothic style. The earliest surviving Gothic building was the abbey of Saint-Denis in Paris, begun in about 1140. Structures with similarly precise vaulting and chains of windows along the perimeter were soon begun with Notre-Dame de Paris (begun 1163) and Laon Cathedral (begun 1165). By this time it had become fashionable to treat the interior columns and ribs as if each was composed of a bunch of more slender parallel members. A series of four discrete horizontal levels or stories in the cathedral's interior were evolved, beginning with a ground-level arcade, over which ran one or two galleries (tribune, triforium), over which in turn ran an upper, windowed story called a clerestory. The columns and arches used to support these different elevations contributed to the severe and powerfully repetitive geometry of the interior. Window tracery (decorative ribwork subdividing a window opening) was also gradually evolved, along with the use of stained (coloured) glass in the windows. The typical French early Gothic cathedral terminated at its eastern end in a semicircular projection called an apse. The western end was much more impressive, being a wide facade articulated by numerous windows and pointed arches, having monumental doorways, and being topped by two huge towers. The long sides of the cathedral's exterior presented a baffling and tangled array of piers and flying buttresses. The basic form of Gothic architecture eventually spread throughout Europe to Germany, Italy, England, the Low Countries, Spain, and Portugal.
In England the early Gothic phase had its own particular character (epitomized by Salisbury Cathedral) that is known as the early English Gothic style (c. 1200–1300). The first mature example of the style was the nave and choir of Lincoln Cathedral (begun in 1192).
Early English Gothic churches differed in several respects from their French counterparts. They had thicker, heavier walls that were not much changed from Romanesque proportions; accentuated, repeated moldings on the edges of interior arches; a sparing use of tall, slender, pointed lancet windows; and nave piers consisting of a central column of light-coloured stone surrounded by a number of slimmer attached columns made of black Purbeck marble.
Early English churches also established other stylistic features that were to distinguish all of English Gothic: great length and little attention to height; a nearly equal emphasis on horizontal and vertical lines in the stringcourses and elevations of the interior; a square termination of the building's eastern end rather than a semicircular eastern projection; scant use of flying buttresses; and a piecemeal, asymmetrical conception of the ground plan of the church. Other outstanding examples of the early English style are the nave and west front of Wells Cathedral (c. 1180–c. 1245) and the choirs and transept of Rochester Cathedral.
High Gothic
The second phase of Gothic architecture began with a subdivision of the style known as Rayonnant (1200–80) on the Continent and as the Decorated Gothic (1300–75) style in England. This style was characterized by the application of increasingly elaborate geometrical decoration to the structural forms that had been established during the preceding century.
During the period of the Rayonnant style a significant change took place in Gothic architecture. Until about 1250, Gothic architects concentrated on the harmonious distribution of masses of masonry and, particularly in France, on the technical problems of achieving great height; after that date, they became more concerned with the creation of rich visual effects through decoration. This decoration took such forms as pinnacles (upright members, often spired, that capped piers, buttresses, or other exterior elements), moldings, and, especially, window tracery. The most characteristic and finest achievement of the Rayonnant style is the great circular rose window adorning the west facades of large French cathedrals; the typically radial patterns of the tracery inspired the designation Rayonnant for the new style. Another typical feature of Rayonnant architecture is the thinning of vertical supporting members, the enlargement of windows, and the combination of the triforium gallery and the clerestory until walls are largely undifferentiated screens of tracery, mullions (vertical bars of tracery dividing windows into sections), and glass. Stained glass—formerly deeply coloured—became lighter in colour to increase the visibility of tracery silhouettes and to let more light into the interior. The most notable examples of the Rayonnant style are the cathedrals of Reims, Amiens, Bourges, Chartres, and Beauvais.
The parallel Decorated Gothic style came into being in England with the general use of elaborate stone window tracery. Supplanting the small, slender, pointed lancet windows of the early English Gothic style were windows of great width and height, divided by mullions into two to eight brightly coloured main subdivisions, each of which was further divided by tracery. At first, this tracery was based on the trefoil and quatrefoil, the arch, and the circle, all of which were combined to form netlike patterns. Later, tracery was based on the ogee, or S-shaped curve, which creates flowing, flamelike forms. Some of the most outstanding monuments of the Decorated Gothic style are sections of the cloister (c. 1245–69) of Westminster Abbey; the east end, or Angel Choir, of Lincoln Cathedral (begun 1256); and the nave and west front of York Minster (c. 1260–1320).
Late Gothic
In France the Rayonnant style evolved about 1280 into an even more decorative phase called the Flamboyant style, which lasted until about 1500. In England a development known as the Perpendicular style lasted from about 1375 to 1500. The most conspicuous feature of the Flamboyant Gothic style is the dominance in stone window tracery of a flamelike S-shaped curve.
In the Flamboyant style wall space was reduced to the minimum of supporting vertical shafts to allow an almost continuous expanse of glass and tracery. Structural logic was obscured by the virtual covering of the exteriors of buildings with tracery, which often decorated masonry as well as windows. A profusion of pinnacles, gables, and other details such as subsidiary ribs in the vaults to form star patterns further complicated the total effect.
By the late Gothic period greater attention was being given to secular buildings. Thus, Flamboyant Gothic features can be seen in many town halls, guild halls, and even residences. There were few churches built completely in the Flamboyant style, attractive exceptions being Notre-Dame d'Épine near Châlons-sur-Marne and Saint-Maclou in Rouen. Other important examples of the style are the Tour de Beurre of Rouen Cathedral and the north spire of Chartres. Flamboyant Gothic, which eventually became overly ornate, refined, and complicated, gave way in France to Renaissance forms in the 16th century.
In England the parallel Perpendicular Gothic style was characterized by a predominance of vertical lines in the stone tracery of windows, an enlargement of windows to great proportions, and the conversion of the interior stories into a single unified vertical expanse. The typical Gothic pointed vaults were replaced by fan vaults (fan-shaped clusters of tracery-like ribs springing from slender columns or from pendant knobs at the centre of the ceiling). Among the finest examples of the Perpendicular Gothic style are Gloucester Cathedral (14th–15th centuries) and King's College Chapel, Cambridge (1446–1515).
Gothic sculpture was closely tied to architecture, since it was used primarily to decorate the exteriors of cathedrals and other religious buildings. The earliest Gothic sculptures were stone figures of saints and the Holy Family used to decorate the doorways, or portals, of cathedrals in France and elsewhere. The sculptures on the Royal Portal of Chartres Cathedral (c. 1145–55) were little changed from their Romanesque predecessors in their stiff, straight, simple, elongated, and hieratic forms. But during the later 12th and the early 13th centuries sculptures became more relaxed and naturalistic in treatment, a trend that culminated in the sculptural decorations of the Reims Cathedral (c. 1240). These figures, while retaining the dignity and monumentality of their predecessors, have individualized faces and figures, as well as full, flowing draperies and natural poses and gestures, and they display a classical poise that suggests an awareness of antique Roman models on the part of their creators. Early Gothic masons also began to observe such natural forms as plants more closely, as is evident in the realistically carven clusters of leaves that adorn the capitals of columns.
Monumental sculptures assumed an increasingly prominent role during the High and late Gothic periods and were placed in large numbers on the facades of cathedrals, often in their own niches. In the 14th century, Gothic sculpture became more refined and elegant and acquired a mannered daintiness in its elaborate and finicky drapery. The elegant and somewhat artificial prettiness of this style was widely disseminated throughout Europe in sculpture, painting, and manuscript illumination during the 14th century and became known as the International Gothic style. An opposite trend at this time was that of an intensified realism, as displayed in French tomb sculptures and in the vigorous and dramatic works of the foremost late Gothic sculptor, Claus Sluter.
Gothic sculpture evolved into the more technically advanced and classicistic Renaissance style in Italy during the 14th and early 15th centuries but persisted until somewhat later in northern Europe.
Gothic painting followed the same stylistic evolution as did sculpture; from stiff, simple, hieratic forms toward more relaxed and natural ones. Its scale grew large only in the early 14th century, when it began to be used in decorating the retable (ornamental panel behind an altar). Such paintings usually featured scenes and figures from the New Testament, particularly of the Passion of Christ and the Virgin Mary. These paintings display an emphasis on flowing, curving lines, minute detail, and refined decoration, and gold was often applied to the panel as background colour. Compositions became more complex as time went on, and painters began to seek means of depicting spatial depth in their pictures, a search that eventually led to the mastery of perspective in the early years of the Italian Renaissance. In late Gothic painting of the 14th and 15th centuries secular subjects such as hunting scenes, chivalric themes, and depictions of historical events also appeared. Both religious and secular subjects were depicted in manuscript illuminations—i.e., the pictorial embellishment of handwritten books. This was a major form of artistic production during the Gothic period and reached its peak in France during the 14th century. The calendar illustrations in the Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry (c. 1409–16) by the Limbourg brothers, who worked at the court of Jean de France, duc de Berry, are perhaps the most eloquent statements of the International Gothic style as well as the best known of all manuscript illuminations.
Manuscript illumination was superseded by printed illustrations in the second half of the 15th century. Panel and wall painting evolved gradually into the Renaissance style in Italy during the 14th and early 15th centuries but retained many more of its Gothic characteristics until the late 15th and early 16th centuries in Germany, Flanders, and elsewhere in Northern Europe.
Learn More in these related Britannica articles:
Western painting: GothicGothic is the term generally used to denote the style of architecture, sculpture, and painting that developed from the Romanesque during the 12th century and became predominant in Europe by the middle of the 13th century. The many variations within the style are usually…
France: Culture and artThe delicate Gothic Rayonnant style of the Île-de-France remained in favour through the 14th century, inspiring the chapel built by Charles V at Vincennes, while the decorative arts of furnishings and manuscripts exploited the Gothic tendencies to articulation and grace. The evocation of the Classical past became…
Germany: Cultural life…by Italian humanism, that late Gothic culture reached magnificent heights in art, architecture, and sculpture. Albrecht Dürer, born in Nürnberg in 1471, challenged his generation with his evocative engraving "Melancolia I," in which a brooding figure with closed wings sits idly amid a chaos of scientific instruments and meditates on…
Western painting: Spain and PortugalThese qualities are essentially Gothic in spirit, and the Iberian Peninsula is remarkable for the tenacity with which Gothic ideas were retained and for the relatively small influence of Renaissance humanist ideas. The early 17th-century still lifes of Sánchez Cotán, with their strong realism and harsh, mysterious lighting, illustrate…
pottery: Majolica…decorative motifs—masks, animals, and foliage—are Gothic, with some traces of Eastern influence.…
More About Gothic art27 references found in Britannica articles
Assorted References
- Bohemian school
- influence on Ruskin
- chests
- In chest
- Chippendale
- In Chippendale
- drapery
- In drapery
- floral decoration
- gardens
- illuminated manuscripts
- jewelry
- metalwork


text: WFTV-Channel 9, Orlando's ABC affiliate, began broadcasting on Feb. 1, 1958. Channel 9 was the area's third television station and its original call letters were WLOF-TV (which stood for We Love Orlando Florida) . The call letters were changed in 1963 to WFTV (Wonderful Florida Television). Long an also-ran among the Central Florida TV stations, WFTV's fortunes turned in the late 1970s thanks in part to ABC's strong ratings as well as a new tranmission tower that boosted the station's signal. The station is located next to State Road 408 in downtown Orlando. Some of the anchors for WFTV-Channel 9's Eyewitness News are Bob Opsahl, Martie Salt, Tom Terry, Phil Burton, Barbara West, Greg Warmoth and Vanessa Echols. Previous anchors included Bob Jordan, Carole Nelson, John Tesh and Deborah Roberts.


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2502 Cantrell Road
Directions Harrisonville, MO 64701
Estimated Monthly Payment2 will depend on vehicle make and model and will be determined upon actual vehicle inspection. All payments are estimates. Tax, title and any other fees are extra.
Max Ford of Harrisonville
2502 Cantrell Road
Directions Harrisonville, MO 64701
Exterior Color: Blue
Vin Number: 1FAHP2F85JG129406
Stock: 80546
New Ford Taurus for sale in Harrisonville.


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Kathleen joined the Product Development team in 2013 with over 10 years' experience in sales & marketing. Her expertise in sales, regulatory, makeup application and manufacturing allowed her to assume the position of Director, Global Product Development & Sales in 2016. A pioneer of incorporating skincare ingredients into color cosmetics, she approaches every opportunity empathetically in an effort to capture each brands authentic identity. With support of her talented team, she provides a full turnkey solution from concept to launch. Kathleen has been instrumental in growing the Turnkey Division at WWP and works with brands such as Lorac, Birchbox, Milani, Mally Beauty, PYT, Cargo & Coty. She approaches each opportunity with a can-do attitude and passion for the ever-evolving beauty industry.
Chris joined WWP in 2007 as a staff engineer with his efforts focused on custom design. He was quickly promoted to Director of Engineering and further to Senior Director, Design and Innovation, the role he still enjoys today. Chris has worked on power house brands such as La Prairie, L'Oréal, Maybelline and Avon. With over 25 years' experience, Chris has been on the forefront of technology and design and awarded multiple patents, design and innovation recognition. Chris is a graduate of Rochester Institute of Technology and holds a BA in Industrial Design.
Kevin joined WWP as the Creative Lead of Innovation in 2016. His key role includes trend forecasting, brand development and design engineering. He fundamentally loves to push the boundaries of design and engineering into the future. With over a decade of experience, Kevin has help brands such as Glossier, Tom Ford and Bobbi Brown inject thoughtful and new packaging into the market. Kevin is a 2008 graduate of Parsons School of Design and holds a BFA in product design.