text:
(Reuters) - Cybersecurity researcher HD Moore discovered he could use the Internet to access the controls of some 30 pipeline sensors around the country that were not password protected.
A hacking expert who helps companies uncover network vulnerabilities, Moore said he found the sensors last month while analyzing information in huge, publicly available databases of Internet-connected devices.
"We know that systems are exposed and vulnerable. We don't know what the impact would be if somebody actually tried to exploit them," said Moore, chief research officer at the security firm Rapid7.
U.S. national security experts used to take comfort in the belief that "rational" super powers like China or Russia were their main adversaries in cyber space. These countries may have the ability to destroy critical U.S. infrastructure with the click of a mouse, but they are unlikely to do so, in part because they fear Washington would retaliate.
Now, concerns are growing that "irrational" cyber actors - such as extremist groups, rogue nations or hacker activists - are infiltrating U.S. systems to hunt for security gaps like the one uncovered by Moore. These adversaries may not be as resourceful, but like Timothy McVeigh's bombing of an Oklahoma federal building in 1995, it is the element of surprise that is as concerning.
Former U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff said he was worried the first destructive cyber attack on U.S. soil might resemble the Boston Marathon bombings in the sense that the suspects were not on the government's radar.
"You are going to get relatively modest-scale, impact attacks from all kinds of folks - hactivists, criminals, whatever," Chertoff said at the Reuters Cybersecurity Summit last week. "Are they going to take down critical infrastructure? They might."
Emerging cyber actors that security experts say they are most concerned about include Iran, believed to be behind the ongoing assaults on U.S. banking websites, as well as a devastating attack on some 30,000 PCs at Saudi Arabia's national oil company last year.
North Korea is also quickly gaining cyber skills, experts say, after hackers took down three South Korean broadcasters and two major banks in March.
Another emerging actor is the Syrian Electronic Army, an activist group that has claimed responsibility for hacking the Twitter accounts of major Western media outlets, such as the Associated Press last month, when its hackers sent a fake tweet about explosions at the White House that briefly sent U.S. stocks plunging.
The U.S. power grid is the target of daily attempted cyber attacks, according to a report by California Representative Henry Waxman and Massachusetts Representative Ed Markey released at the House Energy and Commerce Committee's cybersecurity hearing on Tuesday.
More than a dozen utilities report daily, constant or frequent attempted attacks, ranging from unfriendly probes to malware infection, according to the report. (To read the report, see r.reuters.com/sej38t)
Gerry Cauley, chief executive of the North American Electric Reliability Corp, told the Reuters Cybersecurity Summit that computer viruses have been found in the power grid that could be used to deliver malicious software to damage plants. NERC is a non-profit agency that oversees and ensures the reliability of bulk power system in the region.
Experts say that with so many unknown hackers trying to infiltrate U.S. industrial control systems, they fear someone somewhere - perhaps even an amateur - will intentionally or unintentionally cause damage to power generators, chemical plants, dams or other critical infrastructure.
"Even if you don't know how things actually work, you can still wreak havoc by crashing a device," said Ruben Santamarta, a senior security consultant with IOActive. "Probably in the near future we may face an incident of this type, where the attackers will not even know what they are doing."
Santamarta has identified hundreds of Internet-facing control systems — on the grid, at water treatment facilities and heating and ventilation systems for buildings including hospitals. He has also uncovered bugs built into industrial control equipment.
The Department of Homeland Security's Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team, known as ICS-CERT, last week warned of a flaw that Santamarta found in equipment from Germany's TURCK, which is used by manufacturers and agriculture firms in the United States, Europe and Asia.
The agency said attackers with "low" hacking skills could exploit the flaw, letting them remotely halt industrial processes. It advised customers to install a patch that would protect them against such attacks.
Director of National Intelligence James Clapper told a Senate committee in March that "less advanced, but highly motivated actors" could access some poorly protected control systems. They might cause "significant" damage, he warned, due to unexpected system configurations, mistakes and spillovers that could occur between nodes in networks.
ICS-CERT posts dozens of alerts and advisories about vulnerabilities in industrial control systems on its website each year. Companies whose products were named in their alerts include General Electric Co, Honeywell International Inc, Rockwell Automation Inc, Schneider Electric SA and Siemens AG.
Dale Peterson, CEO of industrial controls systems security firm Digital Bond, said infrastructure control systems are highly vulnerable to cyber attacks because designers did not take security into consideration when they developed the technology.
While hackers have yet to launch a destructive attack on U.S. infrastructure, plenty have the skills to do so. "I would say it is only because no one has wanted to do it," said Peterson, who began his career as a code breaker with the National Security Agency.
House Intelligence Committee Chairman Mike Rogers said terrorists are among the groups looking to acquire the capability to launch a cyber attack on U.S. infrastructure, but he believes they do not yet have that ability.
"You get the right person with the right capability committed to this and it's a game changer," Rogers told the Summit. "My concern is it's just a matter of time.'
Eric Cornelius, a former ICS-CERT official, said that operators in critical sectors including power, water, oil and gas sometimes do not implement security fixes recommended by equipment and software manufacturers in a timely manner because they need to take plants off line to do so and cannot afford the downtime.
Some plants lack sufficient security staff and technology to protect networks because they don't have adequate funds, said Cornelius, director of critical infrastructure for Cylance Inc.
A relatively unsophisticated hacker whose goal was to probe a network could unintentionally damage a system because aging networks are fragile and extremely sensitive, he said.
"That leaves these control systems insecure," he said.
Reporting by Jim Finkle; Editing by Tiffany Wu and Leslie Gevirtz


text:
The First Anniversary of the Aviation Engineer Force Activation
Description: Troops and spectators celebrate the first anniversary of Aviation Engineer Force Activation at Wolters Air Force Base on April 10, 1952, with Colonel A.B. Campfield, the Commander of Troops; Brigadier General H.W. Ehrgott, Commanding; Colonel Philip G. Kemp, the Base Commander.
Date: April 10, 1952
Creator: Daniel Photography
Item Type: Refine your search to only Photograph
Partner: Boyce Ditto Public Library

subset: commoncrawl


text:
New customer? Start here.
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Our offering is limited to UAE only with 3 working days for delivery.
For Refund/Exchange the duration 14 Days from the date of receiving the product(s), ensuring the product is unused and in original packaging.
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text:
You give the spectator a dictionary containing thousands of words and a couple of dice. The directions are simple...A word will be chosen by choice and by chance. The chance consists of rolling the dice to get any random numbers. Then the choice comes into play...the spectator can use any of these numbers in several ways. For example, if they rolled a 5 and a 4, they could add those numbers and turn to page 9. They could put them together one way and turn to page 45 or put them together another way and turn to page 54. Or they could roll them again and start with new numbers! Whatever they choose, they open the book to the selected page and think of the first word on the page. The Magician concentrates and writes down his prediction. The spectator names their word and, magically, they are a perfect match! Very easy and very effective. Always a different word. Comes complete with dictionary, dice, note pad, and full directions.
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text:
sugru Hacking Putty
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text: Johannesburg - Rising South African star and winner of five European Tour events Branden Grace faces stiff competition when he defends the Volvo Golf Champions title as the 2013 European Tour tees off on Thursday. There are seven Major winners in the elite 36-strong field, including South Africans Ernie Els, Retief Goosen and Louis Oosthuizen, Irishmen Darren Clarke and Padraig Harrington, Scot Paul Lawrie and Spaniard Jose Maria Olazabal. Italians Matteo Manassero and Francesco Molinari, Swedes Peter Hanson and Henrik Stenson and Belgian Nicolas Colsaerts add to the international flavour for the tournament at Durban Country Club. The sponsors have also added spice to the championship, won by Grace after a playoff against Els and Goosen at Fancourt last year, by offering a truck and an excavator as well as the traditional car for holes in one. Another competitor is Paul Casey of England, who preceded Grace as winner of a tournament open only to winners during the previous European Tour season or winners of more than 10 career titles on the circuit. Seemingly ageless Miguel Angel Jimenez from Spain was also scheduled to take part, but a close-season broken leg after a skiing accident in his homeland put paid to the plans of the pony-tailed crowd favourite. Late entrant Harrington says he cannot imagine a better venue to start the year than a course rated among the top 100 in the world by Golf Magazine and host of 17 South African Open tournaments. "I am looking forward to getting out on the course and competing. This is an ideal tournament to start my year off where there is a limited field to test myself against," said the three-Major champion. "There will be no cut and beautiful weather is almost guaranteed - it is a great event and I am really looking forward to competing in South Africa," added Harrington. Another golfer relishing the chance to tee off is twice US Open champion Goosen, who is well down the road to recovery after a back operation last August. "Everything is going really well with my rehabilitation and I am back out on the course and enjoying playing golf with my family and friends," said the South African popularly known as 'Goose'. Stenson returns to a country where he enjoyed pre-Christmas success, winning the South African Open near Johannesburg by three strokes from local George Coetzee.


text:
SOURCE: CrowdReviews.com
December 24, 2015 03:00 ET
SANTA FE, NM--(Marketwired - December 24, 2015) - CrowdReviews.com, a platform for reviews and rankings of software vendors, has announced plans to rank pediatric software companies.
The current listing of the best pediatric software providers can be found here:
The platform has been released in a beta stage and is currently inviting pediatric software companies to have their clients leave reviews and feedback on their experiences on the software.
Feedback is used by an algorithm to determine the placement of the software vendors in the rankings. The rankings of these software companies is primarily determined by user reviews, however, there are other elements which can impact a software's position within the rankings.
A transparent algorithm has been devised in order to determine placement across different types of software and services. To learn further details on the ranking methodology; please visit:
Those interested in joining CrowdReviews.com can visit the following page to register or claim their profile:
About CrowdReviews.com
CrowdReviews.com is a crowdreviewing platform which ranks over 500 software categories and 200 service categories.
Contact InformationSamuel Powers941-257-4559530-B Harkle Road,STE 100,Santa Fe, NM 87505
Contact InformationSamuel Powers941-257-4559530-B Harkle Road,STE 100,Santa Fe, NM 87505
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text:
Skip to comments.Father Z Equates Catholic Bishops at WYD 2013 with Nazis
Posted on 07/28/2013 3:36:59 PM PDT by ebb tide
Fr. John Zuhlsdorf, also known (and hereafter referred to) as "Fr. Z," will surely dispute the claim of this headline, however, this post will show that the proposition "Father Z equates Catholic Bishops at WYD 2013 with Nazis" is true, by examining the words used by Fr. Z in today's post at his web log, "Your Excellencies? REALLY?!?"
Fr. Z's post begins with the YouTube video (below) of a large group of Catholic Bishops, dressed in ecclesial attire, rehearsing hand movements to an upbeat religious song in Portuguese.
Fr. Z follows that video with the following remarks:
Bis pueri senes?
This is supposed to be a rehearsal of some sort. I dont know for which event.
I really want to just smile and shrug this off. I suspect this isnt what Pope Francis meant when he said that we clerics have to get out there.
This is too far out there.
As a quick aside: I am certainly not one to be offended by strong criticism, even of the Bishops or the Pope. And the opinion given up to this point of Fr. Z's post strikes me as harmless and even somewhat persuasive, given my general intuitions on the matter.
But then, in the passages and image to follow, Fr. Z crosses into very hot and downright scandalous waters.
In a preventive and defensive disclaimer, Fr. Z anticipates possible critiques of the second image he uses in this post. For the sake of coherence, I will post it here, in advance. The image is a photograph of a single, dissenting person refusing to heil Hitler during a Nazi rally:
Fr. Z then writes the following disclaimer about what he is not doing, but he also unwittingly describes the analogy he sees between the YouTube video and the Nazi photograph, thereby undermining himself. See for yourself:
DISCLAIMER: Some mouth-breathers out there will claim that I tried to compare WYD to some sort of Nazi rally. That is NOT what I am about to do. If there is a better image of non-conformity within a large, uniformed crowd doing something that is just plain wrong, please send it to me.
In the three sentences that follow the disclaimer notice, Fr. Z makes a negative claim — "That [i.e., trying to compare WYD to some sort of Nazi rally] is NOT what I am about to do." — followed by another claim that, in fact, subverts what the prior negative claim is trying not to do.
Fr. Z tries to say that the only significance of the photo is this: it is a description of "non-conformity within a large, uniformed crowd doing something that is just plain wrong." However, the only reason why this Nazi photograph is such a powerful description of something that is "just plain wrong" is precisely because they are Nazis. In other words, Fr. Z effectively equates the "wrongdoing" of Nazi's with the, in his view, "wrongdoing" of the Bishops.
On a close reading, Fr. Z is only partially right in his negative claim. He cannot, strictly speaking, be accused of comparing "WYD to some sort of Nazi rally." However, he can — and must — be held accountable for making a very direct, logical analogy between the wrongdoing of Nazi complicity with Hitler and the Shoah and the Catholic Bishops merrily gathered at WYD 2013. This alone supports the claim that the proposition, "Father Z equates Catholic Bishops at WYD 2013 with Nazis," is true.
But there's more.
In the passage to follow, before the image appears, Fr. Z slightly changes his analogical imagery to describe the Catholic Bishops at WYD 2013. He goes on, saying
It is easy for us, in a crowd, in a mob wherein there is that unpredictable n+x factor involved to lose our heads and do what everyone else does in the pressure of the moment. But, Your Excellencies, after watching this, really?!?
In this passage one might argue that Fr. Z is not necessarily making the same analogy as before, but, rather, pressing a related and more generic one. Fine. It does not follow, however, to argue that a generic "mob" somehow weakens the prior analogy between Nazi rallies and the (poorly) dancing Bishops. Plus, if you are resorting to letting Fr. Z off the hook for calling our Bishops a "mob," you're not exactly winning the overall argument.
And there is even more.
Fr. Z then returns to the original Nazi analogy and makes another, slightly different association that further equates Nazis and the Bishops at WYD 2013. He asks the Bishops, condescendingly:
The next time they ask you to do something like this, and they will, please be that guy? ALL of you?
"That guy," of course, is the lone person, circled in the photo (above), who refuses to heil Hitler. In other words, Fr. Z asks our (and his) Bishops that, next time, they should not act like Nazis in the one respect noted earlier: "non-conformity within a large, uniformed crowd doing something that is just plain wrong."
One might quibble that the details of what, exactly, is "wrong" could differ from one case to the other, and that would be true. It certainly does not follow from the proposition I am defending to claim that Fr. Z is accusing the Catholic Bishops at WYD 2013 of genocide — or of being Nazi themselves. It is a simile. In Fr. Z's post, the Bishops are like Nazsi in the respect that they are doing something "that is just plain wrong."
Nonetheless, it does remain valid to make the propositional claim that Fr. Z, in the post "Your Excellencies? REALLY?!?", equates the Catholic Bishops at WYD 2013 with Nazis on at least two (sufficient) occasions and a third, slightly weaker, one:
Since, as I have shown, this proposition, made in the title of this post you are reading, is, in fact, true, then, it must follow that the truth-value of that proposition can and ought to render serious, truth-based implications.
What are the implications that follow from Fr. Z equating the Bishops at WYD 2013 with Nazis?
That question is beyond the scope of this post. But, as you can imagine, they do not appear to be good ones. All my intuitions on the matter seem to be wholly negative.
My humble suggestion to Fr. Z would be to remove the post, apologize to his ecclesial superiors, and consider giving up blogging for an extended amount of time.
Feel free to chime in with the implications you come up with — my comment boxes are wide open, baby.
In an update, Fr. has removed the photo and all of the commentary I took issue with here. The opening remarks remain. He has also added more updates and media about the event, but no longer associates the Bishops with Nazis nor does he refer to them as a "mob". While he doesn't name me directly, he does, rather ungenerously, refer to the objections to the previous iteration of his post as "having a nutty."
As I anticipated some people had a nutty about this, so I took down the photo I originally associated with this post. Yes, it was the well-known photo that sometimes bears the caption Be This Guy, or words to that effect.
I guess having a nutty is persuasive. I do appreciate his prudent decision in censoring his imagery and commentary.
Meanwhile, my comment boxes will remain open.
He wasn't equating them with Nazis, he was saying they looked stupid. Which they did.
However, Brazil is Brazil, and these were Brazilian bishops doing idiotic Brazilian things. This is something he should have known.
I think Fr. Z shouldn't have posted this with the comments that he made, but I also think that describing his post this way is seriously exaggerating it.
Yutes and Dupes.
Give them a break. They're Brazilians.
I take it you've never had to deal with Brazilians?
The Pope's homily and all his words to the bishops were very good today, and they might (and I hope will) get their act together.
As opposed to Catholics?
Brazilians have had years and years of bad instruction. They are, however, very pious in their own way.
The Pope's talks to the Brazilian and Latin American bishops today were very good, and he was calling them back to the teachings of the Church. Some of the younger ones are fine, but a lot of the older ones are not so much bad as weak, and were pushed by the media and the academy into some very loopy things.
Do not break the bent reed or quench the smoking flax. Encourage them, don't say stupid things comparing them to Nazis.
Ping for later
The man refusing to give the Nazi salute was August Landmesser:
"...dont say stupid things comparing them to Nazis."
Are you addressing me or Fr. Z??
"Brazilians have had years and years of bad instruction."
And who hasn't had years of bad instruction?
Here in the U.S., Bernardin, Weakland, McCarrick, Mahoney, Hubbard, et al. come to mind. Not to mention O'Malley who has been appointed to the Pope's "Round Table" of Dudley Do-Rights.
But back to Brazil, Have you heard of the Lion of Campos, Bishop de Castro Mayer? Do you think we would have done the hokey-pokey with the other fools?
Have you heard of Bishop Rifan?
"Do you think we would have done the hokey-pokey..."
My mistake. That should be "he (Bishop Mayer) have done"; not "we would have done".
Thanks! Good for Mr. Landmesser.
Not that it really matters. Cat fights in the blogosphere are nothing unusual as petty jealousies unfold. Two bloggers having a p***ing competition hardly amounts to news.
Maybe I'll start a blog and pick a fight with someone.
Bis pueri senes?
This is supposed to be a rehearsal of some sort. I dont know for which event.
I really want to just smile and shrug this off. I suspect this isnt what Pope Francis meant when he said that we clerics have to get out there.
This is too far out there.
DISCLAIMER: Some mouth-breathers out there will claim that I tried to compare WYD to some sort of Nazi rally. That is NOT what I am about to do. If there is a better image of non-conformity within a large, uniformed crowd doing something that is just plain wrong, please send it to me.
It is easy for us, in a crowd, in a mob wherein there is that unpredictable n+x factor involved to lose our heads and do what everyone else does in the pressure of the moment. But, Your Excellencies, after watching this, really?!?
The next time they ask you to do something like this, and they will, please be that guy? ALL of you?
Meanwhile . Sirach 3:12-14.
I will keep the combox CLOSED on this.
I was a t a Catholic Mass once in a very German town. The Charismatic Catholic Priest, asked for everyone to raise their right hand to "call down the Holy Spirit". I think three people in the Church did not comply.
I thought, "sheesh, dowes he not realize what would happen if someone took a picture of this stupidity?"
I guess I just would like some decorum, instead of attempts at hipness. I still cringe at the memory of Dolan wearing a giant cheese on his head..
"Maybe I'll start a blog and pick a fight with someone."
Go for it, Dude! I hope you find somebody; but I doubt it.
"Here, exactly, is Fr Z's blog entry..."
No; you posted Fr Z's sanitized version. Nice try.
Wow, really got him on this post you did. It's like you kicked a commedian for not being funny enough, except this was a priest who's not intending anything hurtful. Bully for you satan!
Father Z does a lot of satire. This is a joke, guys.
But you know, this is the second overblown bashing of Father Z I've read recently (a UKTelegraph blog called him homophobic for telling the story of a Catholic woman killed by a gay in rage after she told him he was sinful).
He must be upsetting someone...
how do I do a Catholic prayer ping?
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Stay on top of the latest companies and upcoming events with our weekly newsletter, and be counted among the people building the future of your local tech community.
OpenHack - November 1.0
More Information:http://openhack.github.io/buffalo
OpenHack is a meetup with a simple purpose: Code together, on anything.
You can hack on anything! Any language, framework, public/open-source, personal, etc.
You don't have to have an idea to hack on! You're more than welcome to come just to pair with someone.
We start off with a quick round of introductions (every night!), to say who you are, what you're working on, and if you'd like help with your idea.
There will be pizza/beer/pop if you're hungry/thirsty.
We don't go too late. 9-10pm is good. Focus usually wanes by this point, for obvious reasons! Maybe if there's interest we'll head to a bar for more discussion.


text:
Cemetery tangled in legal thicket
PARIS, Pa. – The legal issues surrounding the Paris Cemetery are almost as tangled as the overgrowth threatening to swallow it.
The last member of the overseeing organization, the Paris Cemetery Association, died several years ago, and the cemetery fund is nearly depleted, according to volunteer caretaker Leslie Grossmann of Paris.
Grossmann was recruited to help with the cemetery after his retirement in 2004 by Tom Vincineti, the last cemetery association member. Grossmann mowed the grass and he and another volunteer helped open and close graves.
"For a little while, we were a happy little family," said Grossmann.
Four years ago Vincineti died, and, shortly after, the only other volunteer moved away, leaving Grossmann the last man standing.
"(Vincineti's) wife called me and said she had some cemetery records for me," he said. "I went over there, and she gave me everything she had – four boxes full."
Those records included ledgers with association meeting minutes stretching back into the mid-1800s. What it didn't include was a map of the oldest – and most visible part of the 7.5 acres – part of the cemetery.
Grossmann said the map, which included the names of those buried in the original part of the cemetery was lost in a fire in the 1930s. He would like to record the names still visible on headstones.
The original portion of the cemetery includes a large swath of graves of infants and young children who died in a influenza epidemic in the 1930s or 1940s. The upper Ohio Valley's unique heritage is visible with headstones inscribed in Chinese, Greek, Czech, Slavic, German and Arabic. Burials date back to the 1820s and include several Revolutionary and Civil War veterans, including Medal of Honor recipient Uriah H. Brown.
Brown was a member of the 30th Ohio Infantry Co. G, out of Columbus, Ohio, during the Civil War. During the May 22, 1963, assault on Vicksburg, Miss., Brown volunteered to carry siege materials over heavily fortified ground, under enemy fire, and attempt to build a bridge over a deep ditch and set a ladder against the fort's walls. The expectation of casualties was so high only unmarried men were allowed to volunteer for the "forlorn hope." Brown was wounded but survived and managed to carry five other wounded men to safety.
A perpetual care fund was never established for the cemetery, and Grossmann has limped along by selling plots – which are still available for $400 each – and charging the cemetery's $475 fee for opening and closing a grave. In the past year, there have been two burials.
Grossmann can't afford to upgrade the equipment, including a 1961 backhoe. He estimated it would cost approximately $35,000 to purchase a new backhoe.
"It leaks diesel fuel into the oil," he said. "Every time I use it, I have to change the oil. It's leaking hydraulic fluid in three places."
Grossmann built an open-sided corrugated steel shed to protect the backhoe from inclement weather in the hopes of extending its usefulness.
The cemetery's out buildings are so old Grossmann had to demolish two – an equipment shed and a 1930s era two-seat outhouse. He replaced the shed, pouring the footer himself and erecting a pre-built shed, but now has to keep it padlocked, after the cemetery was vandalized and robbed.
In addition to vandalizing the shed, metal tools and an early 1900s-era horse-drawn buggy with brass fittings were stolen. Grossmann finally located the heavily damaged buggy at a metal recycling yard in Weirton.
In November 2010, a truck driver fell asleep at the wheel and crashed into the cemetery, causing approximately $35,000 worth of damage. Grossmann went to court to recoup the costs, and the cemetery received a judgment of $200 a month for 14 and one-half years. It was paid for a few months, but the driver, employed by a fracking industry sub-contractor, moved out of state and the court system won't pursue judgment because no felony was involved.
Grossmann attempted to have the driver's employer's Texas-based insurance company cover the costs of repairs, because he was driving a company truck at the time of the accident. The insurance company claimed the truck was stolen and refused to pay the claim. Researching court records, Grossmann learned the driver was never charged with theft of an auto. By that time, the statute of limitations had expired.
With no other recourse, Grossmann recruited his daughter's church group from the Crossroads Church in Imperial, Pa., to come and reset those stones they could. With the exception of a few hundred dollars, the cemetery never received compensation for the damage.
Grossmann would like to repair damage to the cemetery access road he alleges was caused by excavations for the Hanover Township Sewer Authority's pumping station on the edge of the cemetery. Also, there has been damage to the road and undergrowth encouraged by a storm water outflow pipe draining onto cemetery grounds from nearby Scandola Addition.
"They should fix it," he said. "I wouldn't do that to someone else, I don't understand why they think it's OK to do that."
A second shed is in such poor condition that Grossmann will have to demolish it soon. He wants to replace it with a humble chapel with a small cemetery office, but he estimated the cost of such a structure to be at least $9,000 – without running water and electric and doing the majority of the work himself.
"This is a country cemetery. I just want to see a small country chapel," he said.
But first, the grass needs to be mowed. Grossmann wants some service organizations to come in and assist with the upkeep.
"How do you eat an elephant?" he asked. "One bite at a time."
Patty Rhoades, a Paris resident living less than a mile from the cemetery, is heading up an effort to recruit more volunteers to assist Grossmann. He has turned over some cemetery records to her, and she envisions organizing a work crew to immediately address pressing maintenance needs at the cemetery.
Once that is completed, Rhoades wants to organize volunteers to research the history of the cemetery, improve the burial records and perhaps record headstone inscriptions at risk of becoming illegible.
An organizational meeting to discuss forming work crews to clear the cemetery will be held at 12:30 p.m. Friday at the Gathering Place Coffee Shop located at 127 Steubenville Pike.
Those who are unable to attend the meeting but would like to make a donation toward cemetery upkeep and improvements can send them to: Paris Cemetery, in care of First Choice America Federal Credit Union, 370 Three Springs Drive, Weirton, WV 26062.
(Wallace-Minger can be contacted at firstname.lastname@example.com)


text:
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text:
From APRSWiki
Tracker2 and T2-135 Configuration Manual
otwincfg.exe is the software used to configure the Tracker2 Model OT2m standalone APRS digi and the T2-135 plug in card for the Alinco DR-135 to give it roughly the same capabilities as the OT2m. In addition, the otwincfg.exe program can be used to program the OpenTracer+(OT1+). Obtain the otwincfg.exe from Argent Data Systems [[1]] at Home/Support/Tracker2 here [[2]]
Organization of the manual
The manual is going to be organized by screens, so you can pick a screen and look at how to configure it. The main screen takes you to the other screens.
|Main Screen
|Profile Switching
|Access List
|Digi Config
|Smart Beaconing
|Script Editor
|Code List
|Patch List


text: Igneant emptor. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Thu, 6 Mar 2003 19:10:59 +0300 From: Alex. A. Granovsky <gran at classic.chem.msu.su> Reply-To: Gamess-L at gl.ciw.edu To: Gamess-L at gl.ciw.edu Subject: Re: OFFTOPIC: Re: Gamess: Re: Dear (PC) GAMESS users, despite being the possible offtopic, I would like to share some my experiences of using both Windows and Linux clusters with PC GAMESS. After all, you should agree that the PC GAMESS developers have rich experiences in this area because the PC GAMESS supports both Windows and Linux, and both versions are able to run in parallel on PC clusters. Another point is that we can more closely look at these two OSes from the programmer's/optimizers' perspective. First of all, I would suggest not to consider Win95, 98 and WinMe at all - they are not based on the NT technology and are not true Windows OSes. Thus I'll consider only NT, Win2K and (to lesser extent) WinXP. In our Lab, we have our own 19-node Windows NT 4.0 cluster which is used to run PC GAMESS and NWCHEM jobs both in parallel and sequential modes. At the same time, 5 days per week this cluster serves as an educational class and its throughoutput is more than 300 students*hours weekly. This cluster has been working for over 3 years in non-stop mode. The average uptime is 200 days or so and is limited by the power failures on our department. This is the head of the pstat output on the master node (four-cpu 550 MHz Pentium 3 Xeon 1 MB L2 cache, 4 GB of RAM, Windows NT Server) >pstat Pstat version 0.3: memory: 3996048 kb uptime:254 22:41:52.187 PageFile: \??\C:\pagefile.sys Current Size: 524288 kb Total Used: 1548 kb Peak Used 12944 kb PageFile: \??\E:\pagefile.sys Current Size: 2048 kb Total Used: 1304 kb Peak Used 1928 kb Memory:3996048K Avail:3762384K TotalWs: 168072K InRam Kernel: 4188K P:31112K Commit: 68468K/ 25728K Limit:4364528K Peak:1671364K Pool N:11648K P:31212K During these three years, we have seen the "Blue Screen of Death" only once - and the reason was the "unrecoverable ECC memory error" - which means that the stop was due to unrecoverable hardware problem (memory fault) and thus was unavoidable. Certainly, the equipment we are using is high quality one - each node has ECC memory for example. On the other hand, we have the unlimited access to the newer 20-node Linux cluster which is based on dual CPU Pentium 3 850 MHz systems running old kernel 2.2.16 with tcpfix applied. This cluster is less stable than our NT cluster, and I have never seen the uptime of 200 days on it. Administrators of this clusters prefer to reboot it approximately once per month to avoid problems with NFS, frozen nodes, etc... This cluster was used to develop the parallel PC GAMESS version for Linux. As to my personal observations, I found that the most MPI implementations (there are lots of them to choose) for Windows are _faster_ than MPICH or LAM under Linux, at least for 100 Mbit Ethernet. As to NT kernel scalability on the SMP boxes, it is also better than that of Linux - and the reason is that NT was built from the scratch having multithreading/SMP in mind, while Linux historically was not. As to PC GAMESS performance, it is usually close under Windows and under Linux, with Windows version being several percents faster than Linux one. The reason is some additional optimization for Windows incorporated into PC GAMESS, and the lack of the corresponding features in the Linux API - which prevents us from add the same optimization to the Linux version (because it is not possible). >From the programmer's perspective, the Linux API is Unix one, while the NT being _older_ than Linux is much newer than Unix/Linux by its design and API. The base NT application programmer interface (API) is much more logical and self consistent, and has more features than Unix one. The main point is that to get the good performance it does not worth to emulate Unix API under Windows like cygwin does, but to use the native Win32 API. Several comments regarding other points which were raised during this discussion. > You won't find a single nontrivial sized cluster out there which runs > anything else than Linux. There are technical reasons for that, and > Redmond offering free licenses and sponsoring clusters hasn't been able to > to make one iota of headway into that market. And not for lack of trying. This is not true. There are many places which have large Windows clusters, for example NCSA (where I spent several weeks during one of my USA trips) has. > A high-performance system takes more than a decade to get right. You > might have a point if Windows Server 2003 was launched in 1990. Nevermind > the issue of network performance, stability, support (sans source you > can't even diagnose, and the only way to do it right is to do it > yourself, as that level of support is unavailable in the industry). If you professionally work for NT platform, you'll most likely will have access to MSDN and MS support which is much better than that of RedHat - and you should agree that RedHat is now the MS of the Linux world. > > > An OS built around a desktop metaphor is unsuitable for a server. > > > > Red Hat's KDE has 4 desktops and I don't see anyone complaining. > You misunderstand. X with all its warts is completely decoupled from the > kernel. *nix is rather hardware-agnostic, allowing it be ported from an > embedded to a mainframe. Compare this with Redmond's kitchen sink > approach, where even display drivers are part of the kernel. You might be surprising but Unix display drivers are partially work in kernel mode too - and this is unavoidable, at least not sacrifying the performance by the orders of magnitude. And bad display driver can put Linux down as well. Moreover, Windows kernel is not related with desktop at all - and it is even possible to replace the default logon and shell by the text-mode programs (although this is really tricky). > Current clusters operate at 10^3..10^4 nodes. What's > the licese costs for 10000 copies of Win2k? Most of clusters operates with at most hundreds of nodes. When we had built our NT cluster, we got academic prices for NT - less than $40 per copy. Then we asked for Win2K and got it (including several copies of Win2K Server & costly Advanced Server) from MS free of charge. In any case, $40 is only several percents of the total price per node. >>It's difficult to get numerical (especially parallel) work/viz done on a >>Windows box. See above. >>Besides, they don't ship with compilers, and there are just >>no tools available, despite cygwin. OpenWatcom is free and is now available. > With CYGWIN you end up running LINUX within WINtendo. > It is even worse because you need more physical memory. > Which WINtendo doesn't manage too well, by the way. Using CYGWIN exclusively under Windows is as illogical as using only Wine under Linux. > Hang it up, WIN is a 32 bit emulation of UNIX. That's really DOS, a lousy > subset of UNIX. That's what Gates used to do, steal ideas from Kildall and > others. That's not true - so false so I will not even comment this. > The new RedHat 8.0 actually works like a 64 bit system. Try it, it's free, > unlike WINtendo It's 32-bit OS. > PC_Gamess is excellent for MP2, MP3, MP4 it is very fast but it run in parallel > with REPLICATED DATA. In PC GAMESS, different calculation methods use both distributed and replicated data models as appropriate. > It packs integral in files of 2Gb. Therefore it remedies > the barrier of 2Gb by using splitf (split files). PC GAMESS supports large files directly on NTFS and OS/2 JFS volumes. We have decided not to support directly large files under Linux because there are so many old kernel versions still in use. > GAMESS(US) when compiled with the gcc 3.2 run perfectly well on the same > hardware but in parallel uses DISTRIBUTED DATA INTERFASE. A totally different > strategy to distribute work over the net. The DDI implementation in the GAMESS (US) is the typical sample of the bad styles - both conceptually and at the implementation level. The PC GAMESS v. 6.3 will include the specially developed P2P interface to deal with distributed data by much more intelligent manner. > It is a litle slower than PC_Gamess > for integral files 50Gb and larger, but you are supposed to BE PATIENT for works > that big. The disk I/O in the PC GAMESS will always be faster than that in the GAMESS (US) due to real time data packing and advanced I/O interface. > They have high license costs and lousy network performance (both latency > and consistent QoS). Latter doesn't bite if you don't do parallel > applications with MPI over Ethernet. See above. > I think the > time is coming when computational chemistry is more and more platform > independent which can only be good. I agree. To summarize, both Windows and Linux have their own strong and weak points. It is up to cluster designers to decide which OS to use on it. Both can be used successfully. The "OS wars" discussions are of little use, and unfortunately often attract the people who does not have enough information/experience to discuss these topics. Best regards, Alex Granovsky ----- Original Message ----- From: "Ted Packwood" <malice at cray.com> To: <Gamess-L at gl.ciw.edu> Sent: Thursday, March 06, 2003 12:11 AM Subject: Re: OFFTOPIC: Re: Gamess: Re: > I hate to interrupt, but the arguments of Unix versus Windows > has grown tiresome. Hasn't this issue been beat to death on > any number of other threads? > > Can we stick to Gamess issues please? I could tolerate the > discussion when it was merely which OS was useful for specific > runtypes for Gamess, but it seems to have reverted to the age- > old argument which will never be resolved. I prefer to remain on > this list but if people are just going to try to convince each > other which OS is the best, then this list has become pointless. > > Thanks for your consideration. > Ted > -- > ()_____________________________________________________) > | Ted Packwood Cray Inc. | > | malice at cray.com 1340 Mendota Heights Rd. | > | Chemistry Applications Mendota Heights, MN 55120 | > | (651) 605-9037 http://www.cray.com | > ()_____________________________________________________) > GAMESS : http://www.msg.ameslab.gov/GAMESS/ PC GAMESS : http://classic.chem.msu.su/gran/gamess/ List : http://www.gl.ciw.edu/gamess/


text: On Thu, 2006-03-16 at 12:08 +0000, prw at ceiriog.eclipse.co.uk wrote: > Please forgive the slightly off-topic posting. Though I'm lurking on this list and > planning to build a beowulf next year, in the meantime we need an extra high-end > personal > workstation to plug the gap. > We recently tried to order an xw9300, but our suppliers are telling us it is > "end-of-life". > This seems rather surprising, if true, given the good things I have heard about > this model, > and the fact that it is barely a year since it was released. > > Anyone else heard rumours about this? > Panic over - our resellers got the story wrong. It turns out that whereas they used to sell a couple of preconfigured models DV082EA and DV083EA, they now intend that the resellers should order a machine built to the customer's exact requirements (great!). Those two models are still shown on the HP UK website, but if you try to order with those part numbers you find they are not available. Unfortunately the reseller interpreted this as meaning NO xw9300's were available. I got the true story from HP EMEA. I draw a discreet veil over the name of the large UK company which messed up and caused us a few moments of panic there. Peter > Peter > > > _______________________________________________ > Beowulf mailing list, Beowulf at beowulf.org > To change your subscription (digest mode or unsubscribe) visit http://www.beowulf.org/mailman/listinfo/beowulf


text:
Addiction is a long-term (chronic) brain disease that is also called substance abuse disorder. It can be caused by using too much of a drug or alcohol. Over time, addiction changes the structure and function of the brain. Find out more about addiction by taking this quiz.
Someone who is addicted needs to use more of the drug because his or her body develops a tolerance for it. The person also has withdrawal symptoms when he or she tries to stop using the drug. Other symptoms are:
Health care providers use screening tools to help treat addiction in patients. These tools are special questions made to look at alcohol and drug abuse.


text:
The Central Connecticut baseball team was picked to finish second in the Northeast Conference Preseason Coaches Poll announced on Wednesday. The Blue Devils were 28-24 overall last season and 19-13 in NEC play, finishing in a tie for third and advancing to the NEC Tournament for the seventh straight season.
Bryant was picked to finish first and is in their first full season of eligibility in the league. The Bulldogs have finished first in the regular season standings in two of the last three seasons but have been ineligible for the conference tournament as they reclassified to Division I status.
Monmouth was picked third, and Sacred Heart, who has won two straight NEC title, was picked to finish fourth in the poll of the league coaches.
1. Bryant (4)
3. Monmouth (1)
4. Sacred Heart (1)
5. LIU Brooklyn
6. Wagner
8. Quinnipiac
(first place votes in paranthesis)
The Blue Devils are coming off a 28-24 season which saw them post a 15-6 home record but lose two straight in the NEC Tournament in May.
First Team All-Conference selections J.P. Sportman, a junior, and Tyler McIntyre, a senior, return to a potent offense that sees six of its top-10 hitters back in 2013. Sportman led the way batting .353 with a team-high 67 hits, 36 runs scored and 33 runs batted in. He hit seven home runs and had 23 extra-base hits.
McIntyre was the All-Conference pick at first base after an impressive junior campaign. He hit .291 with a team-high 10 home runs and 38 runs batted in. He added nine doubles and had 20 extra-base hit while slugghing .529.
Junior Dylan DelaCruz, a Second Team All-Conference pick as a sophomore, is also back after hitting .326 with 62 hits, 25 runs batted in and a team-high 19 doubles. He led the team with 24 extra-base hits.
On the mound Central returns 25 of its 28 wins from a season ago, including senior Jack Greenhouse (four wins) and the sophomore lefty duo of Casey Brown and Cody Brown who combined for 10 wins in their rookie seasons.
Sophomore Brendyn Karinchak added three wins, as did senior Nick Boyd. Add the return of junior righty Nick Neumann, who pitched 72.1 innings and won five games in 2011, and the Blue Devils will post one of the most formidable staffs in the league in 2013.
The Blue Devils open the 2013 season in just two weeks, heading to Navy for a four-game series on March 1-3. The first home game is scheduled for Tuesday, March 12 at 3 p.m. vs. UConn.


text:
If you want the ultimate party experience in Malia then upgrade your holiday to the Party Hard ULTIMATE PACKAGE so that you can party all day and night at the best events for your whole holiday!
1. Malia Booze Cruise (Worth £50)
2. Full Moon Party (Worth £30)
3. Malia Pool Party (Worth £20)
4. Paint Party (Worth £30)
5. Party Hard At The Zoo (Worth £20)
6. Malia Club Nights (Worth £70)
7. Party Hard Summer 18 T-shirt (Worth £10)
8. Discount Wristband (Worth £10)
9. Party Hard Souvenir Wristband (Worth £5)
10. Party Hard Rep
11. TTA Financial Protection
Total Package Value = £235
Ultimate Package Price = £129 (47% Saving)
✓ Guaranteed Access to the sell-out events
✓ Save over 45% by pre-booking
✓ Help budget your spending money
✓ Only the biggest events included
✓ Don't waste holiday time hunting down tickets
✓ As featured on ITV, MTV, Capital FM & E4
✓ Full Financial Protection with TTA
What Happens Next?
1. Once you book your package you will receive a confirmation email
2. Upon arrival in Malia your Party Hard Malia Rep will meet you at the meeting point (which will be emailed to you) on the main strip where you will receive your individual event tickets for the week.


text:
Climate and Hydrology Database Projects (CLIMDB/HYDRODB)
Climatological and Hydrological Data Access
Please note that these pages work better using the most recent versions of Internet Explorer and Netscape.
Welcome to CLIMDB/HYDRODB, a centralized server to provide open access to long-term meteorological and streamflow records from a collection of research sites.
Please review the Data Access Policy before using the data.
For information on becoming a participating site, contact the CLIMHY Data Manager.


text:
The Human Dependency on Nature Framework is one of two new knowledge'baskets' included in the IUCN Global Programme for which CEESP has a lead role. The main goal of the IUCN Human Dependency on Nature Framework is to assess, document and communicate the role and importance of non-farmed natural/ wild resources for communities' food and nutrition security.
The framework aims to improve the sustainable management of natural resources to better meet local needs and help target national development and conservation policies. The framework will also provide policy makers from the development, environment and other sectors with an independent assessment of the degree to which natural ecosystems and wild resources contribute to the needs of rural and coastal communities as a proportion of total household income.
At the recent CEESP Steering Committee meeting in San Francisco (January 2013), discussions were held regarding the development of the (HDNF) and how best to incorporate CEESP's priorities and values into this new area of work. The CEESP-SC designated as the lead focal point for the future development of the HDNF, The Theme on Sustainable Livelihoods Chaired by Iain Davidson-Hunt and Masego Madzwmuse. A small drafting team has been established. It includes members from other CEESP Themes; TCC (Culture and Conservation), IgYP (Intergenerational Partnerships), SULi (CEESP/SSC SG on Sustainable Use and Livelihoods), SPICEH (CEESP/WCEL Specialist Group on Indigenous Peoples, Customary & Environmental Laws & Human Rights) as well as the Secretariat. The group is developing a concept note to encompass human, socio-economic and cultural dimensions into the HDNF and to recommend a work plan.
There are still many definitional, scope and function issues to be worked through. The Group is in the early stages of elaborating the architecture of the framework and shortly, the concept note will be shared with a larger CEESP-Secretariat working group for peer review and then wider dissemination for feedback from interested CEESP members. If you are interested in joining the HDNF Working Group please contact [email protected] and put HDNF in the subject line. To read more about the initial thinking about the HDNF refer to this link.


text:
Board ShortsBy Adam Clark
Longboarding Iwate Prefecture
With a careful eye for deserted mountain roads, a cool late summer morning in Iwate Prefecture brought about a sensational downhill longboard carving session.
Mt. Iwate (Iwate-san) sits surrounded by the folded green pastures of Northern Tohoku. During winter, the region is alive with skiers and snowboarders enjoying the many resorts and onsen. Summertime, conversely, is quiet. The endless snow of winter is a faded memory. Iwate Prefecture takes warm summer days one at a time.
Hiking, sawanobori (river climbing), and other forms of recreation abound in Iwate. Waking to dry pavement and the promise of a 3.6-km. longboard descent through the Amihari ski area was all the motivation necessary to get up the mountain before sunrise.
By the time we reached the start point, dawn had crept up to the summit and would soon spill down into the shaded valley. Amber light filtered through moist morning air. This time of day is that of sacred stillness. As hoped while scouting out the road a few days earlier in the rain, it was spectacular. The gradual descent of the first 500 meters woke us up slowly, and from there the intensity increased significantly. Just after we passed a stunning vista, the road dropped deeper into the woods and the board accelerated quickly. Wind whistled through the holes in my helmet as the rear wheels swept around, skidding slightly.
The combination of graceful turns in a lush forest, the cool morning air and the sway of pendulum slide after slide was meditation in motion. The required concentration was all-consuming and distractions vanished. Longboarding creates this sensation time and time again and drives forward the search for the perfect road. This experience can be had in abundance on an otherwise slow summer morning in Northern Japan.
Iwate-sanroku National Vacation Village
Located adjacent to the Amihari Ski Resort, the newly renovated Iwate-san National Vacation Village boasts attractive onsen (hot spring) lodging next to renowned alpine skiing. With comfortable accommodations, indoor and outdoor baths and delicious buffet dining, this resort makes an excellent day or overnight destination. Summer recreation options include hiking, trail running, cycling, longboarding and motorcycle touring, among others. In winter Amihari and numerous other resorts in the area are in full operation. Amihari Ski Resort and Iwatesanroku National Vacation Village are an easy 35-minute bus ride from the Morioka Shinkansen Station.
Getting Started Longboarding
If you are already involved in other board sports such as skateboarding, snowboarding or surfing, you may pick up longboarding quickly. Many surf shops, outfitters and skate shops offer a limited selection of longboards, but the greatest selection can be found online. The best option is to get out with somebody who already rides. They can help you sort through equipment options and may have a spare board you can try. See the longboarding section online at www.outdoorjapan.com for more information.


text:
What was remarkable in the analysis after data showed a 1% contraction in the U.S. economy during the first quarter was the lack of any real panic by economists.
Yes, of course, there's the weather — the unusually cold weather that dragged spending down, particularly in January. But it's more than that.
For instance, the new report shows a 1.6 percentage point drag from inventories. What really is so bad about companies having fewer items stocked away? "The pace of inventory-building has fallen by more than half since its Q3 peak, and is now below the rate needed to keep inventory-to-sales ratios steady," said Ian Shepherdson of Pantheon Macroeconomics.
Plus, consumer spending added 2.1 percentage points to GDP in the first quarter. That's the engine of the U.S. economy, and even in the cold, it did just fine.
That means that final demand — GDP less the inventory component — grew at a 0.6% clip instead of the 0.7% initially estimated. That's not great, for sure, but enough to be basically where we expected to be.
Plus, by now there's data from April and May showing an undeniable uptrend in activity from the first quarter.
"In addition to the entire downward revision occurring in a sector where less growth is probably a positive for the future (provided that final demand continues to expand at a reasonable pace), most higher-frequency economic data point to an improving trend of activity as Q1 progressed and now into Q2," said Joshua Shapiro, chief U.S. economist at MFR, in a note to clients. "Therefore, Q1 headline GDP growth is truly ancient history at this stage."
— Steve Goldstein
More must-reads from MarketWatch:
Jobless claims near post-recession low
Has Florida found the secret to saving the economy?


text:
Editor's Summary
With the move toward patient electronic medical records (EMRs), accessing information for insurance coding and research depends on standardized taxonomies to organize and index the content. Controlled vocabularies are necessary to interpret content consistently. Established quasi-taxonomies provide codes for medical conditions and treatments, but applying these codes as metadata to index the records is laborious, requiring translation from natural language in the EMR to a code's verbal equivalent to the code. Indexing systems can streamline the categorization process for greater efficiency and accuracy by using Bayesian engines or a rule-based approach. Analyzing discrepancies between human indexing and the software system results shows where editorial intervention is needed for continual improvement, with a goal of 85% or higher accuracy. Using a categorization system with a hierarchical taxonomy enables deep, precise indexing or quick, automatic filtering to more general concepts. The accuracy of medical indexing systems varies widely, based on the degree of automation and capacity for semantic analysis.
medical records
subject indexing
machine aided indexing
knowledge bases
semantic analysis
Bulletin, December 2012/January 2013
Special Section
Indexing Electronic Medical Records Using a Taxonomy
by John Kuranz and Barbara Gilles
The use of electronic medical records (EMRs) has increased dramatically over the past few years. In the health industry and in medical research, EMRs have proven to be a valuable source of information for diagnostic research, coding enhancement for billing and insurance purposes and understanding of an overall patient encounter. Studies to date have revealed that the text content in EMRs may contain important additional information relevant to outcomes, concomitant diseases, procedures, interventions or test results in observational studies. However, completely manual review of EMRs is time-consuming, subjective and inefficient. Furthermore, manually applying codes and/or terms as metadata to index records is laborious. The solution to these problems is the use of machine-aided indexing software to extract diagnostic and other clinical information.
Because EMR text can contain a wide range of complex language structures, terminology and context-specific abbreviations and acronyms, the software must be able to handle those aspects of clinical language. To provide a foundation for such complex language analysis, an organization needs to select or develop an appropriate taxonomy. This provides a consistent vocabulary for making the indexing consistent. At the same time, it provides a basis for rule building (in the case of rule-based indexing systems) or system training (in the case of Bayesian indexing systems).
Building or Borrowing a Taxonomy for EMR Indexing
Consider what, essentially, you want to cover in your indexing, and make sure you cover it in your taxonomy. Diagnoses, and therefore diseases, injuries, conditions and symptoms? Surgical procedures, medications and other treatments? There are coding systems and taxonomies that cover these areas.
If you are creating a taxonomy from scratch, enlist the help of subject matter experts (SMEs) who are familiar with health services and medical terminology and have them suggest and review terms. You might need some generalists to spot ambiguous and overlapping terms among the various disciplines and sub-disciplines. The SMEs should also review the hierarchical structure after it has been roughed out.
Due to the needs and expectations of the medical community, your medical taxonomy will need to be very specific. From what weve observed, the term hierarchy will need to go at least five or six levels deep. Depending on the services (primary care, for example) and specialties (cardiology, for example) your organization covers, the overall scope might be fairly narrow or all-encompassing. For a narrower scope, you might need only 10 top terms.
One of the standard coding systems can serve as the basis for the taxonomy. The 9th edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-9) and the American Medical Associations Current Medical Terminology (CPT), among others, are large coding systems heavily used by the medical provider community.
However, these coding systems are not taxonomies per se. And this may be an advantage for associating required codes with EMRs. However, it means that things start out somewhat backwards. For indexing a code, it is logical and practical to leave it as a taxonomy term, rather than change it to a descriptive word or phrase. However, these terms are not easy for a taxonomist, automated rule builder or human indexing rule editor to deal with without some reference to semantic content. One way of adding the semantic content back in is to put it in a synonym or non-preferred term field. Figure 1 shows an example from the ICD-9 diagnosis code set, with the descriptive phrase in the synonym field coming from the ICD-9 tabular list that explains the codes.
Figure 1. ICD-9 codes with semantic expansion in the synonym field
Software Training and Rule Building
In a rule-based indexing system, we can easily view the synonym and write and edit rules to capture the various ways in which the concept above (food poisoning due to Vibrio vulnificus) might be expressed in an EMR (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Rules for capturing food poisoning due to Vibrio vulnificus from an EMR
Unfortunately, the descriptions in the medical codebooks are not always as neat and clear as in this example. Some very common problem descriptions are Other, NOS (not otherwise specified), and NEC (not elsewhere classified. And then there are the multiple occurrences of descriptions (such as varicella) that have different meanings, depending on what section theyre in.
Good taxonomists and rule builders will check the context before building the rules that differentiate among the codes for currently having a disease, having a history of the disease, having a recent exposure to the disease and needing to be vaccinated against the disease (Figure 3). Youll still need the codebook for reference.
Figure 3. Rules differentiating among the various contexts of a disease
An indexing system needs to be trained in the specific subject or vertical concept area. In rule-based systems, this training is accomplished by (1) selecting the approved list of keywords to be used and, through matching and synonyms, building simple rules; and (2) employing phraseological, grammatical, syntactical, semantic, usage, proximity, location, capitalization and other algorithms based on the system for building complex rules. This approach means that, frequently, the rules are keyword-matched to synonyms or to word combinations using Boolean statements in order to capture the appropriate indexing terms in the target text.
In Bayesian engines, the system begins with a training set of indexed patient records, usually 50-60 documents. The system uses the sample to associate the keywords with text, creating scenarios for word occurrence based on the words in the training documents and how often they occur in conjunction with the approved keywords for that item. Some systems use a combination of Boolean and Bayesian engines to achieve the final indexing results.
Natural language systems can be used in conjunction with the training process. They base their application on parts of speech and the nature of language usage. Language is used differently in different applications. Think of the word plasma. It has very different meanings in medicine and in physics, although the word has the same spelling, pronunciation and etymology. Therefore, the contextual usage is what informs the application.
A natural language system trains the indexing system based on parts of speech and term usage and builds a domain for the specific area of knowledge to be covered. The following natural language techniques can be used by human rule builders and editors:
- morphological (term form number, tense, etc.);
- lexical analysis (part of speech tagging);
- syntactic (noun phrase identification, proper name boundaries);
- numerical conceptual boundaries;
- phraseological (discourse analysis, text structure identification);
- semantic analysis (proper name concept categorization, numeric concept categorization, semantic relation extraction); and
- pragmatic (common sense reasoning for the usage of the term, such as cause and effect relationships).
For the best results, at least some of the human rule editors should have medical training or medical billing experience.
Achieving Accuracy in EMR Indexing Systems
The accuracy of medical indexing systems varies widely, based on the degree of automation and capacity for semantic analysis. One weakness of automated indexing systems, compared to 100% human intervention, is the frequency of what are called false hits. That is, the concepts selected fit the computer model but do not make sense in actual use. These terms are considered noise in the system and in application. Systems work to reduce the level of noise using the process described below.
In the world of knowledge management, the measure of the accuracy of an indexing system is based on the number of hits (exact matches with what a human indexer would have applied to the system); misses (the keywords a human would have selected that a computerized system did not); and noise (keywords selected by the computer that a human would not have selected). The statistical ratios of hits, misses and noise are the measure of how good the system is. Our experience has been that, for a system to be practical and beneficial, the threshold should be at 85% hits out of a total of 100% accurate (against human) intervention. That means that noise and misses need to be less than 15% combined.
A good system will provide an accuracy rate of 60% initially from a good foundation keyword list with simple match rules and 85% or better with training or rule building. This low starting point means that there is still a margin of error expected and that the system needs and improves with human review. Some systems can maintain a statistical record of discrepancies between human indexing and the automated term suggestions or assignments; ideally, the sampling and review that this approach requires should be done at least once every few months.
While human monitoring and control of the indexing of individual records is ideal, perceived economic or workflow impacts often render frequent human participation in the indexing process unacceptable. These issues generally lead to the attempt to provide some form of fully automated indexing results, so that human indexing is not required. Fortunately, there are some techniques, other than rule development or system training, that can help increase accuracy:
- The system can be configured in such a way that only the most specific terms are used; this practice prevents the application of terms that might be considered too general for the text. (For coding, though, the rules should be written so that only the most specific code numbers are used.)
- If coding is not involved, the keywords may also be rolled up to ever-broader terms until only the first three levels of the hierarchy are used; this procedure casts a broader net and prevents the use of terms that might be considered too specific for the context. This second approach is preferred in some environments, where popular thinking indicates that users will not go deeper into the hierarchy.
Deeper indexing and precise application of keywords still benefit from human intervention, at least by review, in all systems. The decision then becomes how precisely and deeply the user develops the indexing for the system application and the target user groups.
We have investigated some methodologies used in the automatic and semi-automatic classification of text in the medical field. In practice, many of the systems use a mixture of the methods to achieve the result desired. Most systems require a taxonomy in order to start, and most systems tag text to each keyword term in the taxonomy as metadata in the keyword name or in other elements. A taxonomy that has been so enhanced enables deep, precise indexing or quick and automatic filtering to more general concepts.
There are real and reasonable differences in deciding how a literal world of data, knowledge or content should be organized. Purveyors of various systems maneuver to occupy or invent the standards high ground and to capture the attention of the marketplace, but they often bring ambiguity to the discussion of process and confusion to the debate over performance.
The processes are complex and performance claims require scrutiny against an equal standard. Part of the grand mission of rendering order out of chaos is to bring clarity and precision to the language of our deliberations. In simple terms, its about how to bridge the distance between questions from humans and answers from systems. When the answers are in your EMRs, taxonomies and associated indexing systems can bridge the gap.
John Kuranz is CEO, Access Integrity. He can be reached through the company website: www.accessintegrity.com.
Barbara Gilles is a taxonomist at Access Innovations, Inc. She can be reached at barbara_gilles<at>accessinn.com.
Articles in this Issue
Taxonomies in Practice Introduction
Evaluating Classification Schema and Classification Decisions
Case Study: Developing the PLOS Thesaurus
Building User Experiences: Synchronizing User Experience Design and the Supporting Metadata and Taxonomy Infrastructure
Indexing Electronic Medical Records Using a Taxonomy
Building a Taxonomy for Auto-classification
Building Controlled Vocabularies for Metadata Harmonization
President's Page: Diane Sonnenwald
President's Page: Andrew Dillon
IA: On What Assumptions Do You Base Your Thinking? Contextual Challenges and Strategic Possibilities
RDAP: Digital Curation Postdoctoral Fellowship - The Hybrid Role of Data Curator


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KantorTaylor needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 262 designs submitted by 88 freelance designers.
Kantor Taylor
Kantor Taylor is a small law firm, with a nation presence, specializing in real estate financial transactions involving tax credits and community development. The projects we are involved with are community based – community centers, museums, low income housing, hospitals, etc. Our practice causes us to interact with banks and lending institutions, government agencies, local government, non-profits, and developers.
The logo will be part of our rebranding effort and will be included on our website, business papers, marketing materials, and sponsorships (t-shirts, banners, programs). It needs to appeal to the organizations and people we interact with on a regular basis (see brief) and those we meet during conferences and presentations. Our logo is frequently positioned next to Bank of America, US Bank, Wells Fargo, Foster Pepper, Lane Powell, etc.
Many law firms have conservative and cookie cutter logos. We want to stand out from them, while not causing us to lose our target audiences' respect for being "too out there." We are looking for the following:
• A strong and simple logo
• Professional and appropriate for a law firm
• One primary color with black
• Original
• Presentable in black and white and color
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Welcome to The Waterfront, Anstruther!
Described as "One of the treasures of the East Neuk", The Waterfront was proudly opened in May 2003, hosting a 55 seat a' la carte restaurant. Personally run, The Waterfront has Anstruther's finest location situated just a few steps from Anstruther's harbour and marina with views over the Firth of Forth.
During the warmer months we boast al fresco dining to the front and a mature courtyard for relaxing to the rear. We aim to cater for all tastes. varied Seafood selections, chef's specials, children's menu, delicious coffee and cakes.
Our AA rated 4 star award winning luxury apartments and Guest Rooms are available on a weekly or bed and breakfast basis.
The Waterfront seafood selection is surely there to impress boasting freshly delivered fish from local markets including oriental scallops, citrus salmon, stuffed seabass, steamed mussels and a true Scottish favourite that has stood the test of time; good old Fish and Chips.
The Sweet Menu has a selection of delights to satisfy the most demanding lover of chocolate, cream, fruits and cheesecakes etc,the only issue is what one to choose. The Waterfront will provide you with a filling breakfast, a light meal of our lunch specials, a hearty dinner or simply coffee.
We are only 9 miles from St Andrews so if you fancy a round of Golf or are participating in the "Fife Coastal Walk," The Waterfront is the perfect destination for you.
We have extra facilities to assist with golfing breaks, cycling, fishing or walking holidays.
Website: The Waterfront
Tel: 01333 312200 / 310155
20 Shore Street


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Cenegenics Elite Health is a private pay, concierge medical program that provides you personalized, proactive age management programs that maximize health, vitality and wellness throughout life. These programs are crafted by our highly trained team based on our patient's goals, current health status and results of the Elite Health Evaluation.
The cornerstones of our programs are low glycemic nutrition, appropriate exercise, directed nutritional supplementation, along with the correction of metabolic and hormonal deficiencies that commonly accompany the aging process. Our patients comment that they look and feel better than they have in years. Our primary goal, however, is to keep our patients at the lowest possible risk for chronic diseases such as heart attack, stroke, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis and cancer. We strive to prevent illness and promote better health and wellness. Our San Francisco age management clinic can provide testosterone therapy for low testosterone levels. Making you feel incredible again!
The Cenegenics approach to the science of age management has been shown to decrease the risk of age-related disease, increase physical and sexual vitality, improve sleep quality, increase muscle tone, decrease body fat and sharpen mental acuity. Our testoserone therapy treatment will help clients with declining T levels. Our personalized Elite Health Programs are built on evidence-based, cutting-edge science to help you achieve peak vitality at any age. For an on-site visit please make an appointment. Learn More
Helping Clients in All Bay Area Locations: Oakland, Berkeley, Cupertino, Daly City and Vallejo


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Was that person arrested for drunk driving truly under the influence of alcohol—or could it be that he was simply a diabetic having a low? The similarity in symptoms caused by alcohol intoxication and low blood glucose levels is striking and commonly leads to easy—but false—conclusions by law enforcement officers.
Diabetes is a very common disease in America. Fifteen to 20 percent of all drivers on the road are diabetics. The reactions of a person in the early stages of a low blood glucose attack include dizziness, blurred vision, slurred speech, weakness, loss of coordination and confusion. Coincidentally, these are the symptoms and signs that the patrol officer is looking for in a person who is driving under the influence of alcohol. And the officer's observations are quickly followed by a failing performance on DUI field sobriety tests.
But a Breathalyzer Will Clear a Diabetic, Right?
Ignoring for the moment the inherent inaccuracy of these breath-alcohol machines, most suffer from a little-known design defect—they do not actually measure the alcohol in the blood. Rather, they use infrared beams of light. The light beams are absorbed by any chemical compound in the breath sample (including ethyl alcohol) that contains the "methyl group" in its molecular structure. The more absorption, the higher the blood-alcohol reading. The machine is programmed to assume that the compound is "probably" alcohol.
Unfortunately, thousands of compounds containing the methyl group can register as alcohol. One of these is acetone. And a well-documented byproduct of hyperglycemia is a state called ketoacidosis, which causes the production of acetones in the breath. In other words, the Breathalyzer will read significant levels of alcohol on a diabetic's breath, where in fact there may be little or none at all.
Scientific Research Sides With Diabetic Drivers
In the September 2003 issue of Medical and Toxicological Information Review, John Arnold, MD, in a scientific article entitled "Hypoglycemia: Driving Under the Influence," reports that:
Hypoglycemia (abnormally low levels of blood glucose) is frequently seen in connection with driving error on this nation's roads and highways, including accidents with personal and material damage. Even more frequently are unjustified DUIs or DWIs stemming from hypoglycemic symptoms that can closely mimic those of a drunk driver.
Actually, you don't even need to be a diabetic to display hypoglycemic-induced symptoms of intoxication. Perfectly normal, healthy individuals can experience temporary conditions of low blood glucose after consuming small amounts of alcohol, resulting in exaggerated but false symptoms of intoxication. Fasting glycemia can exist if a person has not eaten in 24 hours or has been on a low-carbohydrate diet. Production of glucose in the liver is stopped while the alcohol is broken down. Result: The blood glucose level will drop, affecting the central nervous system—and producing symptoms of a person who is under the influence of alcohol.
More Education on Diabetes Needed By the Law
Undoubtedly, thousands of diabetics have been falsely accused—and convicted—of drunk driving in the past because of nothing more than a physiological condition. Law enforcement, prosecutors and defense attorneys need to become educated about the false symptoms and breath readings associated with this condition.


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The following is a list of components, frameworks and source code developed by Team Agile for the benefit of the developer community. They are all free to download and use with no royalty fees whatsoever.
- XT-Unit
XtUnit is a unit testing extension for .Net based frameworks. It uses the interception application block to provide runtime abilities of rolling back any changes that were made to the database during Data related unit tests.
- Download the XtUnit source code
- Download the XtUnit dll (you can also use this older yet very reliable version if you can't make this one work)
- Learn more about XTUnit in this early article (which points to an older version)
- Interception Application Block
The interception application block allows the developer to easily add interception abilities to various classes in the framework. It's as easy as inheriting from a class and overriding two methods.
- Download the Interception Application Block
- Learn more about the interception block in this early article (which points to an older version)
- Extensibility Application Block
The extensibility block provides basic classes and means to load and search for plugins for your application. Using it you can just use search classes and loader classes that make the best use of reflection and loading behavior on the .NET platform to create a truly pluggable application.
- Download EAP 1.0
- Learn more about Extensibility here and here


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Valentines Day Throwback LOL Of The Week: Man Dumps His Cheating Girlfriend Live On Radio! [Audio]
Girl thought she was gonna get proposed on the radio...but got dumped because she cheated
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
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Hot Shot – Kimber Kiefer
Fitness, swimwear and lingerie model Kimber Kiefer works hard to keep her body in perfect shape, and we love to admire her hard work.
The Houston-based Kiefer, 37, has appeared in many print magazines, on Maxim.com and in several advertising campaigns. Kiefer also joined the Fitness Angels — "a group of diverse girls that promote health and fitness" — in 2012. If real angels look like Kiefer, we're all about the afterlife.
The always active Kiefer enjoys skydiving, scuba diving and spending time with her husband While Kiefer is dedicated to making her dreams a reality, she just makes us all tingly in naughty places.


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Lutheran Missionary League has annual meeting
Tampa correspondent
(785) 965-2285
The Lutheran Women's Missionary League ate dinner out in Durham June 5 as their annual outing. After the meal, the group visited the home of Joyce Medley. Others present included Pastor Clark Davis and his wife Kathy, Betty Mueller, Shirley Duke, Edna Backhus, Phyllis Mueller, Leona Kleiber, Lucille Kerbs, Adeline Bernhardt, Janet Bielefeld, Michele Berens, and Addie Berens. The group sang "Happy Birthday" to Adeline, whose birthday was Thursday.
Georgia Spohn met a group of cousins for dinner June 5 in Durham. Others present were Irene Pankratz and Linda Baron of Bend, Ore., Sheryl Sorenson of Denver, Colo., Charlie Pankratz of Madison and Lenora Graham of Florence.
Lucille Kerbs attended a noon cookout June 1 at the home of Jeremy and Allison Sluder in Abilene; it was the first birthday party for Brooklyn Sluder. Others present included Doug and Connie Thompson and Taylor, and other relatives and friends.
Alisha Barney, Jason Backhus, and Paul and Edna Backhus visited Don Jacobson June 4 at the hospital in Abilene.
Tom and Dee Duggan went to Hilltop Community Center in Herington on June 4 for lunch and card games.
Lori Moldenhauer and Ronnie and Lisa Hanschu brought supper to Frank and Anna Mae Stika on June 2 in celebration of their 57th wedding anniversary.
Bev and Tom Reid of Marion and Edna Backhus went to Newton June 3 to watch Cody Jay play tee ball. Cody's parents, Mike and Jennifer Jay were also in the cheering section.
Gary and Carole Spohn spent the weekend of June 1 visiting their son and family, Ryan and Jaime Spohn and Luke of Bellvue, Neb.
A large crowd turned out June 2 for party in the park — most of the group played volleyball. This is a monthly event scheduled for the first Sunday of the month.
Cecilia Marie, Anthony, and Daniel Rziha of Tulsa, Okla., arrived June 3 to spend three weeks with their grandparents, Jerry and Jeanne Rziha. Isabel, Samuel, and Kathrine Rziha
Jane Vajnar was a May 31 overnight guest of Marc and Wendy Stroede in Kanopolis. The following day she attended a memorial service for her high school classmate, Jackie Toman. From there, she went to Hillsboro where she met a childhood friend, Edith Hummer, and her daughter Edie. They ate out and then went to Tampa so Edith could see "our town."
Paul and Edna Backhus visited Don Jacobson at the hospital in Abilene on June 2.
Don Clemmer recently visited his mother, Mary Clemmer, and helped her with some chores.
Georgia Spohn accompanied Steve and Sheri Spohn on June 1 to Wichita. They visited Norma Wagner. All four enjoyed dinner out and Georgia stayed with Norma while Steve and Sheri went shopping.
Deb and Kaylee Hall of Herington were May 28 supper guests of Tom and Dee Duggan. They played pitch.
Jason Backhus was the host for a hamburger fry at his home May 26. Guests were Bev and Tom Reid of Marion, Mike and Jennifer Jay and Cody of Hillsboro, Paul and Edna Backhus, Brad Backhus, and Alisha Barney.
Tom and Dee Duggan were among those attending Esther Klein's funeral May 28.
Memorial Day weekend guests of Tom and Dee Duggan were Darla Hall and Adam of Lee's Summit, Mo., and Deb Hall and Kaylee of Abilene. They celebrated Adam and Kaylee's birthdays.
Dahn Walker, Cierra, and Corbin of Singapore were recent visitors of her grandmother, Mary Clemmer.
Tom and Dee Duggan, Adam and Kaylee Hall met Don and Betty Frink of Topeka May 25 in Lost Springs for dinner out.
Julie Rziha arrived May 24 to spend the summer with her parents Jerry and Jeanne Rziha.
Tom and Dee Duggan and their houseguests, Darla Hall and Adam Hall attended a birthday party for Kaylee Hall at the bowling alley May 24 in Herington.


text: Everyone needs a great storing solution. Dive into a few of your unlimited options here and once your find a piece you like, remember that we can make it fit you perfectly. Our designs can be completely customised and you decide it all from form, functions and colours. Integrated TV sounds good? Or maybe the ideal solution for you includes a working space? Everything's possible.


text: Hello I have follow this tutorial and it works! http://www.howtoforge.com/using-php5-fpm-with-apache2-on-centos-6.2-p2 Only point is the rules of rewrite of my old server (apache mod_php ) does not work with the new server Mod_Rewrite is enabled by default in my new setup. I don't know if extra setup is needed with FastCGI enabled or simply I need to modify the rules Any ideas? I leave some rules of my application for better explanation: ... RewriteRule ^direccion$ /address.php [QSA,L] RewriteRule ^direcciones$ /addresses.php [QSA,L] ... It's just an example. Currently any rewrite rule works for me If somebody can help here, will be great!


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RIPTON — Rep. Willem Jewett, D-Ripton, comfortably won his contest for a fifth consecutive term representing the Addison-2 House district, defeating independent challenger Tim Ryan by a 1,400-882 margin in voting on Tuesday.
And after the ballots were counted, Jewett confirmed to the Addison Independent that he will run for the post of House Majority Leader when his party caucuses on Dec. 8. Jewett currently serves as House Majority Whip. Democrats maintained their sizable majority in the Vermont House amid heavy voter turnout in the Nov. 6 General Election.


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Former Air National Guard Recruiting Assistant Pleads Guilty To Conspiracy To Defraud Department Of Defense
Max P. Andolsek, 52, of Tullahoma, Tenn., pleaded guilty yesterday in U.S. District Court to conspiracy to defraud the Department of Defense, announced David Rivera, U.S. Attorney for the Middle District of Tennessee. Andolsek, a former recruiting assistant for the Air National Guard, and two other individuals, were indicted on July 17, 2013. He faces up to five years in prison and a fine of $250,000.
"Our nation's men and women who are considering serving their country through enlistment in the military deserve to be dealt with candidly and with honesty," said U.S. Attorney David Rivera. "Recruiters are the first faces of the military seen by many considering service. Those who attempt to profit financially by fraudulently manipulating our nation's recruitment programs undermine their effectiveness, particularly when we are experiencing lean financial times for our nation's defense. All attempts to defraud our nation's military will be vigorously pursued by this office and our law enforcement partners."
"Recruitment into the United States Military should be about service to one's country and not service to one's wallet," said A. Todd McCall, Special Agent in Charge of the Memphis Division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. "This plea is the result of the efforts of the FBI and our law enforcement partners to investigate and bring to justice any who would commit blatant and outrageous fraud against the United States."
According to evidence presented at the plea hearing, between December 2006 and July 2009, Andolsek conspired with Aaron L. Osborne, a full-time Air National Guard recruiter, to make materially false statements or representations to the Department of Defense in order to embezzle money from the Air National Guard Recruiting Assistance Program ("G-RAP").
Andolsek admitted to the Court that he had contracted with Document and Packaging Brokers, Inc. ("Docupak"), a U.S. Department of Defense contractor, to administer the G-RAP Program, which was designed to allow airmen, officers, and retirees of the Air National Guard to voluntarily serve as recruiting assistants. To participate in the G-RAP Program these individuals were required to complete an online application. Recruiting assistants were selected by Docupak from the pool of applicants and then received online training, including instruction as to eligibility to serve, financial issues, Air Force core values, and ethics.
The G-RAP Program was also designed to encourage recruiting assistants to reach out in their communities to find qualified individuals, who were not already working with a full time recruiter, to become Air National Guard Airmen. Once a recruiting assistant identified a qualified potential airman, they would enter the information into the G-RAP website. If the person actually enlisted in the Air National Guard, a $1,000 pre-loaded VISA card would be mailed to the recruiting assistant.
Under the program regulations, full time and temporary Air National Guard recruiters were not eligible to participate in the G-RAP initiative and to be eligible to receive payment, recruiting assistants had to be the first contact with a potential airman.
G-RAP program regulations also prohibited payments being split with a full time or temporary recruiter.
At his plea hearing, Andolsek admitted that Osborne, a full-time recruiter, was the first to receive the contact information of various potential airmen and then supplied that information to Andolsek. Andolsek would then enter the information on the Docupak website and receive a $1,000 payment loaded onto a VISA card each time. Whenever Andolsek made a subsequent entry that one of the potential airmen had started boot camp, he received an additional $1,000 payment loaded to the VISA card. Most of the times that Andolsek received a $1,000 payment, he paid $300 of the proceeds to Osborne.
Andolsek will be sentenced on October 10, 2014. Provisions outlined in the plea agreement require that Andolsek make restitution in the amount of at least $14,000.
Aaron Osborne and co-defendant Arvalon Michelle Harleston, both from Clarksville, Tenn. are scheduled for trial on September 23, 2014, before United States District Court Judge Kevin H. Sharp.
An indictment is merely an accusation and is not evidence of guilt. All defendants are presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty in a court of law.
The case was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation. Assistant United States Attorney Kathryn Ward Booth represents the government.


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Futuristic Small House Plans DecorationHome >> Other >> Futuristic Small House Plans Decoration >> Small House Plans New At Photo Of Modern
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