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MWC 2014: Qualcomm Snapdragon 610 and 615 are 64-bit, 8-core with LTE
Subject: Processors, Mobile | February 24, 2014 - 05:30 PM | Ryan Shrout
Tagged: snapdrdagon 615, snapdragon 610, snapdragon 410, snapdragon, qualcomm, MWC 14, MWC, adreno 405, adreno
Intel, Mediatek and Allwinner have all come out with new SoC announcements at Mobile World Congress and Qualcomm is no different. By far the most interesting release is what it calls the "first commercial" 64-bit Octa-Core chipset with integrated global LTE support. The list of features and technologies included on the chipset is impressive.
The Snapdragon 615 integrates 8 x ARM Cortex-A53 cores that opterate on the newer 64-bit ARMv8 architecture while supporting 32-bit for backwards compatibility. Qualcomm is not using a custom designed CPU core for this chipset but the company has stated it will have its own custom 64-bit core sometime in 2015. This 8-core model is divided into a pair of quad-core clusters that will be tuned to different clock speed and power levels, offering the ability to run slightly more efficiently than would be possible with all cores tuned to the highest performance.
Snapdragon 610 is essentially the same design but is limited to a quad-core, single cluster setup.
Both of these parts will integrate the Qualcomm custom built Adreno 405 GPU that brings a DX11 class feature set, along with OpenGL ES 3.0 and OpenCL 1.2. The Adreno 405 performance is still unknown but it should be able to compete with the likes of PowerVR's Series6 used in the Apple A7 and Intel Merrifield parts. Quad HD resolutions are supported up to 2560x1600 and Miracast integration enables wireless display. H.265 hardware decode acceleration also found its way into the 615/610.
Connectivity features of the Snapdragon 615/610 include 802.11ac wireless as well as the company's 3rd generation LTE modem. Category 4 and carrier aggregation are optional.
Qualcomm has publicly stated that the move to 8-core processors with software lacking the capability to manage them properly was a poor decision. But it would appear that the "core race" has infected just about everyone.
Check out the full details in the press release after the break!!
MWC 2014: Allwinner launches UltraOcta A80 processor with big.LITTLE and PowerVR
Subject: Mobile | February 24, 2014 - 02:17 PM | Ryan Shrout
Tagged: ultraocta a80, PowerVR, MWC 14, MWC, big.little, Allwinner
The wheels keep turning from Mobile World Congress 2014 in Barcelona with Allwinner's announcement of the UltraOcta A80 SoC. Dubbed the "world's first big.LITTLE octa-core (8-core) heterogeneous SoC to included PowerVR Series6 GPU technology", the UltraOcta A80 combines four Cortex-A7 and four Cortex-A15 cores in a single chip design.
The UltraOcta A80 is aimed at tablets, portable game consoles, set-top boxes, media players and other devices that require "premium performance" level parts. The first devices will apparently hit "soon" but no other details were offered.
ARM is definitely on-board with Allwinner for this product as it is the poster child example of how the big.LITTLE design philosophy can be implemented to offer both high performance and low power results in one SoC. This chip is built on 28nm process technology and also includes high performance graphics with the PowerVR G6230 GPU. This GPU includes two "clusters" for a total of 64 ALUs (called cores in other SoC). Keep in mind that this Series6 GPU is about half the performance of the G6400 series included in the iPhone 5s and even Intel's new Merrifield and Moorefield processors.
The Allwinner UltraOcta A80 will also support 4K video encode and decode with H.265 thrown in for good measure. I am very curious to see the load on the SoC during these types of high quality video processes as the amount of acceleration on the chip isn't known yet.
MWC 2014: Intel Announces XMM 7260 LTE-Advanced Wireless Modem
Subject: Mobile | February 24, 2014 - 04:00 AM | Ryan Shrout
Tagged: xmm, MWC 14, MWC, lte-advanced, LTE, Intel, 7260
Intel also announced Merrifield and Moorefield SoCs at Mobile World Congress today.
In 2011, Intel acquired SysDSoft to improve and accelerate the companies transition into the mobile wireless controllers, LTE in particular. As a result, Intel released the XMM 7160 modem in 2013 which included the X-GOLD 716 baseband controller that could support LTE and HSPA functions. This modem was adopted by a handful of OEMs in the market with Cat 4 bandwidth up to 150 Mbps (downstream) and 50 Mbps (upstream), LTE voice implementation and globally capability with 15 bands.
This modem was available as a multi-chip solution for mobile device vendors to implement but was shipped in a M.2 module. The latter form gave a quick option for notebook and tablet vendors to include in ready-built systems.
At Mobile World Congress today though, Intel is announcing its next generation modem, the XMM 7260 LTE-Advanced. As the name implies, this update includes support for LTE-Advanced that adds in features like carrier aggregation and a pair of downlink channels for up to 300 Mbps data rates. Carrier aggregation can be used for additional bandwidth performance or to disperse spectrum in a more efficient way to improve reliability. Intel claims that this controller and modem meets the maximum specification levels of LTE today.
The XMM 7260 LTE-Advanced includes the X-GOLD 726 that is truly a global market ready part with frequency compatibility on LTE FDD/TDD, WCDMA/HSPA+, TD-SCDMA/TD-HSPA/EDGE. This iteration uses fewer components, thus is smaller and easier to integrate than the 7160, and will be "on shelf" as early as next quarter. There is no CDMA support included, though. For users on Verizon and Sprint, we'll have to see if handset makers for those carriers have adjusted their timelines for LTE-only devices. AT&T and T-Mobile, in the US, will have no issues with 4G and 3G support.
This modem is meant to compete directly with the stranglehold that Qualcomm has on the LTE market (and one source tells me that carriers "are dying for an alternative" to help drive down costs). Though it might seem odd in some ways, I fully expect this XMM 7260 modem to be paired with non-Intel SoC devices, including smartphones and tablets. In fact, it is quite possible that the XMM 7260 LTE-Advanced modem might have more successful adoption than the upcoming Merrifield SoCs, also announced today. Device manufacturers might be satisfied with their choice in SoCs, not demanding an alternative in x86, but also might appreciate a new modem.
As a side note, the XMM 7260 is being built on TSMC's 28nm process technology rather than on Intel's own fabs (this isn't the first time it has happened). I don't expect this to be a concern for performance but it is interesting to see a chip that Intel is placing so much emphasis on being constructed outside its own walls.
The XMM 7269 LTE-Advanced modem is currently in certification and is expected to be available for integration in Q2, 2014.
MWC 2014: Intel Atom Moorefield and Merrifield officially unveiled
Subject: Processors, Mobile | February 24, 2014 - 04:00 AM | Ryan Shrout
Tagged: z3480, PowerVR, MWC 14, MWC, moorefield, merrifield, Intel, atom
Intel also announced an LTE-Advanced modem, the XMM 7260 at Mobile World Congress today.
Last May Intel shared with us details of its new Silvermont architecture, a complete revamp of the Atom brand with an out-of-order design and vastly improved performance per watt. In September we had our first real-hands on with a processor built around Silvermont, code named Bay Trail. The Atom Z37xx and Z36xx products were released and quickly found their way into products like the ASUS T100 convertible notebook. In fact, both the Bay Trail processor and the ASUS T100 took home honors in our end-of-year hardware recognitions.
Today at Mobile World Congress 2014, Intel is officially announcing the Atom Z35xx and Z34xx processors based on the same Silvermont architecture, code named Moorefield and Merrifield respectively. These new processors share the same power efficiency of Bay Trail and excellent performance but have a few changes to showcase.
Though there are many SKUs yet to be revealed for Merrifield and Moorefield, this comparison table gives you a quick idea of how the new Atom Z3480 compares to the previous generation, Atom Z2580 and Clover Trail+.
The Atom Z3480 is a dual core (single module) processor with a clock speed as high as 2.13 GHz. And even though it doesn't have HyperThreading support, the new architecture is definitely faster than the previous product. The cellular radio listed on this table is a separate chip, not integrated into the SoC - at least not yet. PowerVR G6400 quad core/cluster graphics should present performance somewhere near that of the iPhone 5s with support for OpenCL and RenderScript acceleration. Intel claims that this PowerVR architecture will give Merrifield a 2x performance advantages over the graphics system in Clover Trail+. A new image processor allows for 1080p60 video capture (vs 30 FPS before) and support Android 4.4.2 is ready.
Most interestingly, the Merrifield and Moorefield SoCs do not use Intel's HD graphics technology and instead return to the world of Imagination Technology and the PowerVR IP. Specifically, the Merrifield chip, the smaller of the two new offerings from Intel, is using the PowerVR G6400 GPU; the same base technology that powers the A7 SoC from Apple in the iPhone 5s.
A comparison between the Merrifield and Moorefield SoCs reveals the differences between what will likely be targeted smartphone and tablet processors. The Moorefield part uses a pair of modules with a total of four cores, double that of Merrifield, and also includes a slightly higher performance PowerVR GPU option, the G6430.
Intel has provided some performance results of the new Atom Z3480 using a reference phone, though of course, with all vendor provided benchmarks, take them as an estimate until some third parties get a hold of this hardware for independent testing.
Looking at GFXBench 2.7, Intel estimates that Merrifield will run faster than the Apple A7 in the iPhone 5s and just slightly behind the Qualcomm Snapdragon 800 found in the Samsung Galaxy S4. Moorefield, the SoC that adds slightly to GPU performance and doubles the CPU core count, would improve performance to best the Qualcomm result.
WebXPRT is a web application benchmark and with it Intel's Atom Z3480 has the edge over both the Apple A7 and the Qualcomm S800. Intel also states that they can meet these performance claims while also offering better battery life than the Snapdragon S800 as well - interestingly the Apple A7 was left out of those metrics.
Finally, Intel did dive into the potential performance improvements that support for 64-bit technology will offer when Android finally implements support. While Kitkat can run a 64-bit kernel, the user space is not yet supported so benchmarking is a very complicated and limited process. Intel was able to find instances of 16-34% performance improvements from the move to 64-bit on Merrifield. We are still some time from 64-bit Android OS versions but Intel claims they will have full support ready when Google makes the transistion.
Both of these SoCs should be showing up in handsets and tablets by Q2. Intel did have design wins for Clover Trail+ in a couple of larger smartphones but the company has a lot more to prove to really make Silvermont a force in the mobile market.
MWC 2014: NVIDIA and Wiko Release First Tegra 4i Smartphone
Subject: Processors, Mobile | February 24, 2014 - 03:00 AM | Ryan Shrout
Tagged: wiko, Tegra 4i, tegra, nvidia, MWC 14, MWC
NVIDIA has been teasing the Tegra 4i for quite some time - the integration of a Tegra 4 SoC with the acquired NVIDIA i500 LTE modem technology. In truth, the Tegra 4i is a totally different processor than Tegra 4. While the big-boy Tegra 4 is a 4+1 Cortex-A15 chip with 72 GPU cores, the Tegra 4i is a 4+1 Cortex-A9 design with 60 GPU cores.
NVIDIA and up-and-coming European phone provider Wiko are announcing at Mobile World Congress the first Tegra 4i smartphone: Wax. That's right, the Wiko Wax.
Here is the full information from NVIDIA:
NVIDIA LTE Modem Makes Landfall in Europe, with Launch of Wiko Tegra 4i LTE Smartphone
Wiko Mobile, France's fastest growing local phonemaker, has just launched Europe's first Tegra 4i smartphone.
Tegra 4i – our first integrated LTE mobile processor – combines a 60-core GPU and our own LTE modem to bring up to 2X higher performance than competing phone chips.
It helps the Wiko WAX deliver fast web browsing, best-in-class gaming performance, smooth video playback and great battery life.
Launched at Mobile World Congress, in Barcelona, the Wiko WAX phone features a 4.7-inch 720p display, 8MP rear camera and LTE / HSPA+ support.
The phone will be available throughout Europe – including France, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Italy, UK and Belgium – starting in April.
Within two short years, Wiko has become a major player by providing unlocked phones with sophisticated design, outstanding performance and the newest technologies. It has more than two million users in France and is expanding overseas fast.
Wiko WAX comes pre-installed with TegraZone – NVIDIA's free app that showcases the best games optimized for the Tegra processor.
As a refresher, Tegra 4i includes a quad-core CPU and fifth battery saver core, and a version of the NVIDIA i500 LTE modem optimized for integration.
The result is an extremely power efficient, compact, high-performance mobile processor that unleashes performance and capability usually only available in costly super phones.
MWC 2014: Lenovo S860, S850, S660 Phones Announced
Subject: General Tech, Mobile, Shows and Expos | February 24, 2014 - 12:01 AM | Scott Michaud
Tagged: smartphones, MWC 14, MWC, Lenovo
Also at Mobile World Congres, Lenovo expanded their smartphone portfolio with three additions. Each of these belong to the S-series, although they are only loosely related to one another. North American readers will probably not be able to purchase them, of course; Lenovo's US and Canada websites do not even have a section for smartphones (products like the Vibe Z can be searched directly - but are not available). I take that as a sign.
Anyway, the three phones belong to the S-series but each has a distinct customer in mind. The S860 seems to picture a business user who travels and wants to talk for long periods of time between charges. The similarly named S850 cuts back on RAM and charge capacity, replacing it with aesthetics (colors and an all-glass exterior) and a slightly lower price for users looking for design. Finally, the S660 is the lowest-price of the three, sacrificing things like camera, storage, and screen resolution for users who do not care about any of that.
Let us compare the three phones in a table.
|5.3" 720p
|5" 720p
|4.7" 960x540
|Processor (SoC)
|MediaTek Quad-Core, 1.3 GHz
|Dual SIM Card
|Battery Capacity
|Battery Life
24 hours
(3G voice)
|"All Day"
All three phones will be available this year, either at retail or on Lenovo's website. The Lenovo S860 is expected to retail for $349, the S850 should be $269, and the S660 comes in at $229.
MWC 2014: Lenovo YOGA Tablet 10HD+ Announced
Subject: General Tech, Systems, Mobile, Shows and Expos | February 23, 2014 - 01:01 PM | Scott Michaud
Tagged: tablet, MWC 14, MWC, lenovo yoga, Lenovo
At Mobile World Congress 2014, Lenovo has announced the YOGA Tablet 10 HD+. Just last month, we discussed the Yoga Tablet 8 and Yoga Tablet 10 which were presented in October. Those tablets each had a 1280x800 display (even the 10-inch model), both sizes use the same MediaTek MT8125 SoC (Wi-Fi, MT8389 for 3G), and it is 1GB of RAM all-around. Performance was expected to be in the ballpark of a Tegra 3 device.
These are all areas which are bumped for the new YOGA Tablet 10 HD+. The 10.1-inch screen is now at 1080p quality, the SoC is a Qualcomm Snapdragon Quad running at 1.8 GHz, and the RAM is doubled to 2GB. It will running Android 4.3 with an alleged over-the-air (OTA) update to 4.4 KitKat, at some point.
Make sure to bend at the knee and put your hands toge... oh right.
Comparing between the Yoga Ultrabooks, running Windows, and the YOGA Tablets, running Android, would probably not be wise. They are very different designs. The Ultrabooks hinge with an always-attached keyboard while the tablets have a keyboard-less stand. Rather than the Ultrabooks trying to make a keyboard comfortable in tablet usage, the tablets use the small metal hinge to prop up the screen. They key aspect of the cylindrical hinge is its usage as a handle and the volume it provides as battery storage. Ryan found the old versions' 18-hour rated battery life to be fairly accurate, and the new 10 HD+ is rated for the same duration (actually, with a bonus 1000 mAh over the original Tablet 10). Another benefit of its battery location is that, if you are holding the tablet by its hinge, the battery's weight will not have much torque on your fingers.
Of course, now comes the all-important pricing and availability. The Lenovo YOGA Tablet 10 HD+ will be released in April starting at $349. This is higher than the prices of the Tablet 8 and Tablet 10, $199 and $274 respectively, but you also get more for it.
MWC 2014: Lenovo DOit Apps Announcement
Subject: General Tech | February 23, 2014 - 01:01 PM | Scott Michaud
Tagged: MWC 14, MWC, Lenovo, DOit
Lenovo, according to their tagline, is for those who do. Until now, they never quite define, "Do what?" At Mobile World Congress, they launched their lineup of mobile applications under their collective brand, "DOit". DOit! Suddenly, it all became clear.
In all seriousness, Lenovo DOit is a collection of five apps which range from backup to camera usage which the company is announcing at Mobile World Congress. These apps are:
- SHAREit: allows users to share photos, apps, contacts, and so forth on a peer-to-peer connection.
- SECUREit: provides antimalware, data usage monitoring, and an encryption services.
- SYNCit: stores an online backup of contacts, SMS text messages, and calls.
- SNAPit: is an alternative camera app with its own set of features.
- SEEit: manages your photo gallery and allows users filters and effects.
These apps attempt to put Lenovo's spin on the needs of their end-users. SHAREit as an example, which is available for Google, iOS, Windows Phone, and Windows XP/7/8, is developed around the hypothetical user who wants to share large data files between mobile devices. It seems like, because their example user would want to share across multiple devices, that they opened it up to other platforms and devices. On the other hand, SNAPit and SEEit are only available on Lenovo devices because it is an enhancement.
The availability of this suite varies on the device. SHAREit is available now on the Google Play store as a free app with iOS, Windows Phone, and Windows XP/7/8 allegedly coming before the end of the month. SYNCit and SECUREit is available on Google Play for free, but not for iOS or Windows. SNAPit and SEEit are only available pre-loaded on Lenovo smartphones and tablets, alongside other three apps.
The Lenovo announcement should be available at their news site.


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Partial pressure arterial oxygen/fraction inspired oxygen ratio
What is this test?
The ratio of partial pressure arterial oxygen and fraction of inspired oxygen is a comparison between the oxygen level in the blood and the oxygen concentration that is breathed. This helps to determine the degree of any problems with how the lungs transfer oxygen to the blood[1]. A sample of arterial blood is collected for this test[2].
What are other names for this test?
- PaO2/FiO2 ratio
Why do I need this test?
Laboratory tests may be done for many reasons. Tests are performed for routine health screenings or if a disease or toxicity is suspected. Lab tests may be used to determine if a medical condition is improving or worsening. Lab tests may also be used to measure the success or failure of a medication or treatment plan. Lab tests may be ordered for professional or legal reasons. The following are possible reasons why this test may be done:
- ARDS - Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Transfusion related acute lung injury
When and how often should I have this test?
When and how often laboratory tests are done may depend on many factors. The timing of laboratory tests may rely on the results or completion of other tests, procedures, or treatments. Lab tests may be performed immediately in an emergency, or tests may be delayed as a condition is treated or monitored. A test may be suggested or become necessary when certain signs or symptoms appear.
Due to changes in the way your body naturally functions through the course of a day, lab tests may need to be performed at a certain time of day. If you have prepared for a test by changing your food or fluid intake, lab tests may be timed in accordance with those changes. Timing of tests may be based on increased and decreased levels of medications, drugs or other substances in the body.
The age or gender of the person being tested may affect when and how often a lab test is required. Chronic or progressive conditions may need ongoing monitoring through the use of lab tests. Conditions that worsen and improve may also need frequent monitoring. Certain tests may be repeated to obtain a series of results, or tests may need to be repeated to confirm or disprove results. Timing and frequency of lab tests may vary if they are performed for professional or legal reasons.
How should I get ready for the test?
Before having blood collected, tell the person drawing your blood if you are allergic to latex. Tell the healthcare worker if you have a medical condition or are using a medication or supplement that causes excessive bleeding. Also tell the healthcare worker if you have felt nauseated, lightheaded, or have fainted while having blood drawn in the past.
Do not exercise before this test[2].
How is the test done?
Before an arterial blood draw, the healthcare worker may check blood circulation to your arm or leg. Tell the healthcare worker if you use supplemental oxygen as this may affect the test results.
An artery in the wrist is the most common site to draw arterial blood. However, an artery at the inside bend of the arm or groin may be used. The area will be swabbed clean with antiseptic. Anesthetic may be used to numb the skin over the area where the blood will be drawn. A needle is used to puncture the skin. You will be asked to hold very still while your blood is collected. When enough blood is collected, the needle will be removed.
If you have an existing arterial catheter, a blood sample may be collected from that catheter.
How will the test feel?
The amount of discomfort you feel will depend on many factors, including your sensitivity to pain. Communicate how you are feeling with the person doing the test. Inform the person doing the test if you feel that you cannot continue with the test.
If you receive anesthetic to numb the skin before an arterial blood draw, you may feel discomfort at the location where the anesthetic needle is inserted into the skin. You may feel discomfort as the needle used to draw your blood is inserted into the skin, and you may have cramping at the site during the procedure. Inform the person doing the test if you feel faint or nauseated or if the discomfort is severe.
If blood is collected from an existing catheter inserted into an artery, you will feel little or no discomfort.
What should I do after the test?
If blood was drawn from an artery in your arm or leg, cotton will be placed over the site and held firmly for at least five minutes to stop the bleeding. Bleeding may continue beyond five minutes if you are using medications or supplements that thin your blood or have a medical condition that causes excessive bleeding. When bleeding has stopped, a bandage will be placed firmly over the site and should be left on for 30 to 60 minutes. You should rest for at least 15 minutes after the test. Avoid heavy use of the arm or leg from which the blood was drawn for 24 hours after the blood is collected.
If blood was drawn from an existing catheter inserted into an artery, there are no special instructions for you after this test.
What are the risks?
Arterial blood: During an arterial blood draw, a hematoma (blood-filled bump under the skin) or slight bleeding from the puncture site may occur. After a blood draw, a bruise or infection may occur at the puncture site. The person doing this test may need to perform it more than once.
If you have a medical condition, or are using a medication or supplement that causes excessive bleeding, you are at a higher risk of bleeding from the puncture site. Rarely, damage to the artery that affects blood flow to the arm or the leg may occur. Talk to your healthcare worker if you have any concerns about the risks of this test.
What are normal results for this test?
Laboratory test results may vary depending on your age, gender, health history, the method used for the test, and many other factors. If your results are different from the results suggested below, this may not mean that you have a disease. Contact your healthcare worker if you have any questions. The following is considered to be a normal result for this test:
- Adults: Room air partial pressure arterial oxygen (PaO2) 80-100 mmHg (11-13 kPa) [3]
- Fraction inspired oxygen (FiO2) in air: 21%
- Normal range (PaO2/FiO2): = 400
What might affect my test results?
- Results increased in [2]:
- Oxygen enriched air
- Exercise
- Angiomas of the brain
- Results decreased in [2]:
- Advancing age
- High altitude (eg, hypoxemia)
- Decreased cardiac output
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Anesthesia
- Near drowning
What follow up should I do after this test?
Ask your healthcare worker how you will be informed of the test results. You may be asked to call for results, schedule an appointment to discuss results, or notified of results by mail. Follow up care varies depending on many factors related to your test. Sometimes there is no follow up after you have been notified of test results. At other times follow up may be suggested or necessary. Some examples of follow up care include changes to medication or treatment plans, referral to a specialist, more or less frequent monitoring, and additional tests or procedures. Talk with your healthcare worker about any concerns or questions you have regarding follow up care or instructions.
Where can I get more information?
Related Companies
- American Lung Association - http://www.lungusa.org
- Society of Critical Care Medicine - http://www.sccm.org
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute - http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/infoctr/index.htm
[1] Toy P, Popovsky MA, Abraham E, et al: Transfusion-related acute lung injury: definition and review. Crit Care Med 2005; 33(4):721-726.
[2] Tietz NW (Ed): Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 1995.
[3] Kratz A, Ferraro M, Sluss PM, et al: Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital: laboratory values. N Engl J Med 2004; 351(15):1549-1563.
Last Updated: 6/12/2013

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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- You are here:
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HAx1 SP VMS 75
SCHMETZ needles for household overlock machines, 5pcs. 5x75
Price ?
5szt. 5 x size 75
It's worth knowing:
- in order to easier identify of needles for household machines, SCHMETZ applies the coloured marks on the shank cone.
UNIVERSAL [STANDARD] - without marks,
BALL POINT [WITH BALL - for jersey and knitted fabrics] - without marks,
STRETCH - yellow colour,
JEANS/DENIM - blue colour,
MICROTEX [for microfase and silk] - violet colour,
EMBROIDERY [with bigger eye for embroidery] - red colour,
QUILTING [for quilt and patchworks] - green colour,
SP SUPER STRETCH - orange colour
- if you sew the fabrics which are susceptible to damage [knitted fabrics particularly] and you are not sure if the needle top does not damage the fabric, please make a following simple test. Prick by needle the stretched [old] tights, and if the tights do not ladder, you can sew without any doubts.
- needles should be stored in original boxes - never loosely!, because it causes the top damages, what makes the irreparable fabrics defects.
|Needle for sewing
|woven fabric
Film: Schmetz sewing needles
Film: Schmetz needles production
- StrimaTV – All films


text:
A study excursion has led 31 archival science students from the Marburg School of Archives to the International Tracing Service (ITS) in Bad Arolsen today. They have got a picture of the ITS tasks, its documents and activities in the archival field. "Their study course involves five one-day excursions to archives and...learn more
The Hessian State Centre for Civic Education, in collaboration with the Political Education Authority of the State of Thuringia, issued invitations to a training event from 16 to 19 October 2013. 25 educators from a variety of types of school met in Oberaula to address the issue of Nazi persecution and the survivors,...learn more
Eight senior employees from the Anne Frank educational centre in Frankfurt paid a visit to the International Tracing Service (ITS) to learn about the history of the institution and discuss opportunities for cooperation. The two institutions had already agreed in spring 2013 that the Frankfurt public shall be first to...learn more
Early in October 2013 43 pupils from Baunatal Erich-Kästner school came to see the International Tracing Service (ITS). Apart from preparing a presentation on the history and present tasks and objectives of the ITS, the pupils formed groups and occupied themselves with the subject of "conceptions of man". "If there are...learn more
There are two vital connections with Bad Arolsen in the life of Biology Professor Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg. In 1955, her uncle Kurt came to the small Hessian town and spent two years at the International Tracing Service to oversee the microfilming of documents for Yad Vashem, the memorial to the Jewish victims of the...learn more
Compiling a memorial book on burial places of Soviet citizens in Bavaria, Lars Thiele from the Dresden Documentation Office paid a visit to the International Tracing Service (ITS) in Bad Arolsen this week. He scrutinized the reports Bavarian communities had produced on the burial places of non-Germans in the post-war...learn more
The journalist and political scientist Klaus Riexinger from the Miklos Klein Foundation in Bad Friedrichshall spent three days at the International Tracing Service (ITS) searching for information on Kochendorf, a sub-camp of concentration camp Natzweiler-Struthof. "My visit has permitted me to fully document four other...learn more
Historian Ulrike Goeken-Haidl has visited the International Tracing Service (ITS) in Bad Arolsen for the first time. In 2002, she finished her dissertation about "The Way Back: The Repatriation of Soviet Forced Laborers during and after the Second World War", at the University of Freiburg. Her book of that title...learn more
A field excursion led members of the "Friedrich Naumann" foundation from Wiesbaden to Bad Arolsen on 21 August, where they took part in a seminar with the title "Looking for Traces and Coping with the Past in Germany" at the ITS. More than 30 interested participants from Wetzlar and Frankfurt paid their first visit to...learn more
On August 17th, 48 predicants of the Evangelical Church of Hesse-Waldeck spent their culture day at the International Tracing Service. They got together in order to get a glimpse of the history, tasks and goals of the ITS. Subsequently in a workshop titled 'Persecuted and a Believer' the participants had the...learn more


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About the School of Arts & Sciences
Essential Questions. Ingenious Solutions.
At Clarkson, we believe that the School of Arts & Sciences puts our students ahead of traditional liberal arts school graduates. When you learn in an entrepreneurial, technologically rich environment like Clarkson, you are better suited for the challenges of today's fast-paced world and you begin your next career steps with a much broader background and network of peers.
With more than 85 faculty, Clarkson's School of Arts & Sciences enrolls more than 500 undergraduates in more than a dozen degree programs leading to bachelor of science degrees. Our faculty and departments also span boundaries between disciplines, between education and the real world, and between the individual and society. Clarkson faculty are scholars focused on student success in a rigorous, challenging educational environment.
We also provide a strong education for those interested in careers in health and medicine, pre-law and pre-physical therapy. Our University Studies program allows students to investigate options during the freshman year, without declaring a major, and with guidance from the First-Year Advising Center. Our Science Studies program provides the same opportunity for those undecided about which discipline to pursue.
Because the world desperately needs well-rounded thinkers who understand the vital, vibrant links that begin with the arts and sciences, we'll help you connect the dots between disciplines.
"It is ultimately our generation who will be dealing with the effects of global warming decisions made today"
Political Science major and Honors student Zachary Swank '08 participated in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 13th Conference of the Parties meeting in Bali, Indonesia, December 3 to 14. Swank and the other 21 members of the SustainUS U.S. youth delegation group discussed international policy, worked to persuade government delegations to take action on climate change, and forged relationships with international youth.


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Moderators: Three Stars, dagny, pfim, netwolf
Staggy wrote:From the officiating I've seen this year (throughout the league), there needs to be some sort of reward/punishment system in place for the referees. If you consistently make bad calls or occasionally make egregious ones, then less games, no playoffs and possible suspensions should be put in place. If you have relatively clean slates, then you can get more playoff games and whatever other bonuses you can give. This **** shouldn't be decided on tenure.
shafnutz05 wrote:Bright side we are due for some makeup calls....right? RIGHT?!
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Angry Thoreauan
Angry Thoreauan is a defunct zine from Los Angeles by way of Orange County, CA, that published approximately 25 issues betweeen 1990 and 2001.
Before Angry Thoreauan there was a former rag, reproduced via photo-static machines and fueled by confusion as well as cheap beer, titled Happy Thrasher. (HT was started in 1987 and was soon beaten into shape with such bruises as to require a name change after having suffered fourteen issues.)
AT and HT were published by the ever-vocal Rev. Randall Tin-Ear, a rather obnoxious fixture in the zine community throughout the 1990s. A large, well-produced zine what was nearly the size of Flipside and Maximum Rock 'N' Roll, Angry Thoreauan was in each edition brimming over with a plethora of entertaining rants, stories, interviews, punk rock and more. (Even the FBI and Secret Service enjoyed its dastardly attitude.)
For a such a large fanzine, it was, surprisingly, done almost exclusively by the publisher, a perpetually inebriated bastard whose personality was the glue that held it together through his stories, tales which included aspects of his struggles with drug and alcohol abuse, even as he wrote for as well as helped produce loads of Los Angeles-based publications that were broad in scope; from Flipside, to HitList, to Working World, to Discover Hollywood!, to Ben Is Dead, to the L.A. Cacophony Society, to books by the former Mike Davis student Michael Jacob Rochlin (URM Studio), to Transparency Records and more—need we mention the few years in New York after the late 2001 death of the drunken Rev's fiance?—the Rev's strange and prolific catalogue remains a paean to his over-bearing personality, a demeanour what extends to editing even this truncated description as if he were scrambling to appease some god-damned newspaper's ludicrous dreadline.
The remnants of Randall, bald, bespectacled and scotch-soaked as they are, nevertheless wish to extend gratitude to Dan 10Things (despite all the imbroglios over the years on alt.zines) for what he did and continues to do.


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Francis Collins and David Galas Originally published in Science 262:43-46 (1993)
The U.S. Human Genome Project (HGP) is part of an international effort to develop genetic and physical maps and determine the DNA sequence of the human genome and the genomes of several model organisms. Thanks to advances in technology and a tightly focused effort, the project is on track with respect to its initial 5-year goals. Because three years have elapsed since these goals were set, and because a much more sophisticated and detailed understanding of what needs to be done and how to do it is now available, the goals have been refined and extended to cover the first eight years (through September, 1998) of the 15-year genome initiative.
In 1990, the Human Genome Programs of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Department of Energy (DOE) developed a joint research plan with specific goals for the first five years (FY 1991 - 1995) of the U.S. genome project. It has served as a valuable guide for both the research community and the agencies' administrative staff in developing and executing the genome project and assessing its progress for the past three years. Great strides have been made toward the achievement of the initial set of goals, particularly with respect to constructing detailed human genetic maps, improving physical maps of the human genome and the genomes of certain model organisms, developing improved technology for DNA sequencing and information handling, and defining the most urgent set of ethical, legal and social issues associated with the acquisition and use of large amounts of genetic information.
Progress toward achieving the first set of goals for the genome project appears to be on schedule, or in some instances, even ahead of schedule. Furthermore, technological improvements that could not have been anticipated in 1990 have in some areas changed the shape of the project and allowed more ambitious approaches. Earlier this year, it was therefore decided to update and extend the initial goals to address the scope of genome research beyond the completion of the original 5-year plan. A major purpose of revisiting the plan is to inform and provide a new guide to all participants in the genome project about the project's goals. To obtain the advice needed to develop the extended goals, NIH and DOE held a series of meetings with a large number of scientists and other interested scholars and representatives of the public, including many who previously had not been direct participants in the genome project. Reports of all these meetings are available from the Office of Communications of the National Human Genome Research Institute, and the Human Genome Management Information System of the DOE (2,3). Finally, a group of representative advisors from NIH and DOE drafted a set of new, extended goals for presentation to the National Advisory Council for Human Genome Research of the NIH and the Health and Environmental Research Advisory Committee of the DOE. These bodies have approved this document as a statement of their advice to the two agencies, and the following represents the goals for FY 1994 - 1998 (i.e. October 1, 1993 - September 30, 1998).
Several general observations underlie the specific goals described here. The first observation is that successful development of new technology for genomic and genetic research has been essential to the achievements of the program to date and will continue to be critical in the future. It was clearly recognized, both in the 1988 NRC report (4) and in the first NIH-DOE plan, that attainment of the ambitious goals originally set for the genome project would require significant technological advances in all areas such as mapping, sequencing, informatics, and gene identification. As the genome project has proceeded, progress along a broad range of technological fronts has been conspicuous. Among the most notable of these developments have been (i) new types of genetic markers, such as microsatellites, that can be assayed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR); (ii) improved vector systems for cloning large DNA fragments and better experimental strategies and computational methods for assembling those clones into large, overlapping sets (contigs) that compose useful physical maps; (iii) the definition of the sequence tagged site (STS) (5) as a common unit of physical mapping; and (iv) improved technology and automation for DNA sequencing. Further substantial improvements in technology are needed in all areas of genome research, especially in DNA sequencing, if the project is to stay on schedule and meet the demanding goals that are being set.
A second general observation concerns an evolution in the levels of biological organization at which genomic research will likely function over the next few years. Initially, attention was focused at the chromosome as the basic unit of genome analysis. Large-scale mapping efforts, in particular, were directed at construction of chromosome maps. The sophisticated genetic linkage maps now available and the detailed physical maps that are being produced are clear measures of the success of that approach. However, other units of study for the human genome project will also have increasing usefulness in the future. Therefore, further mapping efforts directed at both larger and smaller targets should be encouraged. At one end of the scale, "whole genome" mapping efforts, in which the entire genome is efficiently analyzed, have become feasible with developments in PCR application and robotics. These approaches generally produce relatively low resolution maps with current technology. At the other end of the scale, increasing attention needs to be paid to detailed mapping, sequencing and annotation of regions on the order of one to a few megabases in size. Although small in comparison to the whole genome, a megabase is still large in comparison to the capabilities of conventional molecular genetic analysis. Thus, development of efficient technology for approaching detailed analysis of several megabase sections of the genome will provide a useful bridge between conventional genetics and genomics, as well as a foundation for innovation from which future methods for analysis of larger regions may arise.
Third, a goal for identifying genes within maps and sequences, that was implicit in the original plan, has now been made explicit. The progress already made on the original goals, combined with promising new approaches to gene identification, allow this element of genome analysis to be given greater visibility. This increased emphasis on gene identification will greatly enrich the maps that are produced.
It must also be noted here, that, as in the original five-year plan, these goals again assume a funding level for the U.S. genome program of $200 million annually, adjusted for inflation. As the detailed cost analysis for the first five-year plan was performed in 1991, a cost of living increase must be added for all years beyond FY 1991. This funding level has not yet been achieved (see Table 1).
Table 1: Budget of the HGP for the NIH and the DOE (millions of dollars). (Note: Budgets for 1994 and 1995 have not yet been determined).
The HGP is truly international in scope, as the original planners envisioned it. Its success to date has been possible because of major contributions from many countries and the extensive sharing of information and resources. It is hoped and anticipated that this spirit of international cooperation and sharing will continue. This coordination has been achieved largely by scientist to scientist interaction, facilitated by the Human Genome Organization (HUGO), which has taken on responsibility for some aspects of the management of the international chromosome workshops in particular. These workshops have served to encourage collaboration and the sharing of information and resources and to facilitate the expeditious completion of chromosome maps.
Several notable individual international collaborations have marked the genome project so far. One is the United States - United Kingdom collaboration on the sequencing of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome. Scientists at the Los Alamos National Laboratory are collaborating with Australian colleagues to develop a physical map of chromosome 16, and investigators at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory with Japanese scientists on a high resolution physical map of chromosome 21. Other joint efforts include the collaboration between the NIH and the Centre d'Etude du Polymorphism Humain (CEPH) on the genetic map of the human genome and the Whitehead/Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Genethon collaboration on the whole genome approach to the human physical map. These are but examples of the myriad interrelationships that have formed, generally spontaneously, among participating scientists.
The 2-5 cM human genetic map of highly informative markers called for in the original goals is expected to be completed on time. However, improvements to make the map more useful and accessible will still be needed. If the field develops as predicted, there will be an increasing demand for technology that allows the nonexpert to type families rapidly for medical research purposes. In addition, to study complex genetic diseases, there is a need to be able to easily test large numbers of individuals for many markers simultaneously. In the long run polymorphic markers that can be screened in a more automated fashion and methods of gene mapping that obviate the need for a standard set of polymorphic markers are also desirable.
An STS-based physical map of the human genome is expected to be available in the next two to three years, with some areas mapped in more detail than others and an average interval between markers of approximately 300 kilobases. However, such a map will not likely be sufficiently detailed to provide a substrate for sequencing or to be optimally useful to investigators searching for disease genes. The original goal of a physical map with STS markers at intervals of 100 kb remains realistic and useful and would serve both sequencers and mappers. Using widely available methods, a molecular biologist can isolate a gene that is within 100 kb of a mapped marker, and a sequencer can use such a map as the basis for preparing the DNA for sequencing. To the extent that they do not introduce statistical bias, the use of STS's with added value (such as those derived from polymorphic markers or genes) is encouraged, because such markers add to the usefulness of the map.
Physical maps of greater than 100 kb resolution are needed for DNA sequencing, for the purpose of finding genes and for other biological purposes. While a variety of options are being explored for creating such maps, the optimal approach is by no means clear. There is a need to develop new strategies for high resolution physical mapping as well as new cloning systems that are well integrated with advanced sequencing technology. Technology for sequencing is evolving rapidly. Therefore, preparation of sequence-ready sets of clones should be closely associated with an imminent intent to sequence.
There is a pressing need for clone libraries with improved stability and lower chimerism and other artifacts and a need for better technology for traveling from one STS to the next. A greater accessibility to clone libraries should also be encouraged.
Although the goal of sequencing DNA at a cost of $0.50 per base pair may be met by 1996 as originally projected, the rate at which DNA can be sequenced will not be sufficient for sequencing the whole genome. Priority should be given during the next five years to increasing sequencing capacity by increasing the number of groups oriented toward large-scale production sequencing. Substantial new technology that will allow sequencing at higher rates and lower costs is also needed: both evolutionary technology developed from improvements in current gel-based approaches and revolutionary technology based on new principles. These developments will only occur if significantly greater financial resources can be invested in this area. It is estimated that an immediate investment of $100 million per year will be needed for sequencing technology alone, to allow the human genome to be sequenced by the year 2005.
The standard model organisms should be sequenced as rapidly as possible, with Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae completed by 1998 or earlier and C. elegans nearing completion by 1998. It is often advantageous to sequence the corresponding regions of human and mouse DNA side-by-side in areas of high biological interest. The sequencing of full-length, mapped complementary DNA (cDNA) molecules is useful, especially if it is associated with technological innovation extensible to genomic sequencing.
The measurement of the cost of sequencing is complex and fraught with many uncertainties due to the diversity of approaches being used. However, we need to continue to reduce costs, as well as improve our ability to assess the accuracy of the sequence produced. This latter point must be addressed in future sequencing efforts. Cost will be highly dependent on the level of accuracy achieved.
Identification of all the genes in the human genome and in the genomes of certain model organisms is an implicit part of the Human Genome Project. Although the previous five-year plan did not explicitly identify this activity with a specific goal, progress in mapping and in technology now make it desirable to do so. With both genetic and physical maps of the human genome and the genomes of certain model organisms becoming available and large amounts of sequence data beginning to appear, it is important to develop better methods for identifying all the genes and incorporating all known genes onto the physical maps and the DNA sequences that are produced. This information will make the maps most useful to scientists studying the role of genes in health and disease. While many promising approaches are being explored, more development is needed in this area.
Development of new and improved technology is vital to the genome project. Certain technologies, such as automation and robotics, cut across many areas of genome research and need particular attention. Cooperation in technology development should be encouraged where possible, because it is likely to be more effective and efficient than competition and duplication. The technology developed must be expandable and exportable, the long term goal being to create technology that will be available in many basic science laboratories and allow the efficient sequencing of other genomes. Technology development is costly and has not been sufficiently funded.
Excellent progress has been made on the mouse genetic map, the Drosophila physical map, as well as the sequencing of the DNA of E. coli, S. cerevisiae and C. elegans. Many of the original goals for this area are likely to be exceeded. Completion of the mouse map and sequencing of all the selected model organism genomes continue to be high priorities. The current emphasis for sequencing of mouse DNA should be placed on sequencing of selected regions of high biologic interest side-by-side with the corresponding human DNA.
In order to collect, organize and interpret the large amounts of complex mapping and sequencing data produced by the HGP, appropriate algorithms, software, database tools and operational infrastructure are required. The success of the genome project will depend, in large part, on the ease with which biologists can gain access to and use the information produced. Although considerable progress has been made in this area since the beginning of the genome project, there is a continuing need for improvements to stay current with evolving requirements. As the amount of information increases, the demand for it and the need for convenient access increase also. Thus, data management, data analysis and data distribution remain major goals for the future.
The ELSI components of the human genome programs of NIH and DOE are strongly connected with genomic research, so that policy discussions and the recommendations developed are couched in the reality of the science. To date, the focus of the ELSI programs has been on the most immediate potential applications in society of genome research. Four areas were identified by advisors to the ELSI program for initial emphasis: privacy of genetic information, safe and effective introduction of genetic information in the clinical setting, fairness in the use of genetic information and professional and public education. The program gives strong emphasis to understanding the ethnic, cultural, social and psychological influences that must inform policy development and service delivery. Initial policy options for genetic family studies, clinical genetic services and health care coverage have been developed and reports on a range of urgent issues are expected by 1995.
As the genome project progresses, the need to prepare for broad public impact becomes increasingly important. Policies are needed to anticipate the potential consequences of widespread use of genetic tests for common conditions, such as genetic predisposition to certain cancers or genetic susceptibility to certain environmental agents. In addition, as the genetic elements of behavioral and other non-disease related traits are better understood, increased educational efforts will be needed to prevent stigmatization or discrimination based on these traits. Continued emphasis on public and professional education at all levels will be critical to achieving these goals. Mechanisms for developing policy options that build on the current research portfolio and actively involve the public, the relevant professions and the scientific community need to be developed.
There is a continuing need for individuals highly trained in the interdisciplinary sciences related to genome research. The original goal for supporting 600 trainees per year proved to be unattainable, because the capacity to train so many individuals in interdisciplinary sciences did not exist. However, now that a number of genome centers have been established, it is anticipated that training programs will expand. Although no numerical goal is specified, expansion of training activities should be encouraged, provided standards are kept high. Quality is more important than quantity.
Technology transfer is already occurring to a remarkable extent, as evidenced by the number of genome-related companies that are forming. Many interactions and collaborations have been established between genome researchers and the private sector. In addition to the need to transfer technology out of centers of genome research, there is also a need to increase the transfer of technology from other fields into the genome centers. Increased cooperation with industry, as well as continued cooperation between the agencies, is highly desirable. Care must be taken, however, to avoid conflicts of interest.
It is essential to the success of the HGP that the products of genome research be made available to the community. However, only a subset of the total information is likely to be of interest at any one time, with the nature of the subset changing over time. Therefore, it is desirable to have flexible distribution systems that respond quickly to user demand. The private sector is best suited to this situation and has begun to play an active and highly valued role. This should be encouraged and facilitated where possible, including the provision of seed funding in some instances.
The NIH and DOE genome programs have adopted a rule for sharing of information: Newly developed data and materials are to be released within six months of their creation. This policy has been well accepted. In many instances, information has been released before the end of the six months.
To date the HGP has experienced gratifying success. However, enormous challenges remain. The technology that will allow the sequencing of the full human genome at reasonable cost must still be developed. Major support of research in this area is essential if the genome project is to succeed in the long run. The new goals described here are designed to address the long- and short-term needs of the project.
Although there is still debate about the need to sequence the entire genome, it is now more widely recognized that DNA sequence will reveal a wealth of biological information that could not be obtained in other ways. The sequence so far obtained from model organisms has demonstrated the existence of a large number of genes not previously suspected. For example, almost half the open reading frames identified in the genomic DNA of C. elegans appear to represent previously unidentified genes. Similar results have been observed in both S. cerevisiae and E. coli genomic DNA. Comparative sequence analysis has also confirmed the high degree of homology between genes across species. It is clear that sequence information represents a rich source for future investigation. Thus, the HGP must continue to pursue its ultimate goal, namely to obtain the complete human DNA sequence. At the same time, it is necessary to assure that technologies are developed that will allow the full interpretation of the DNA sequence once it is available. In order to increase emphasis on this area, an explicit goal related to gene identification has been added.
The genome project has already had a profound impact on biomedical research, as evidenced by the isolation of a number of genes associated with important diseases, such as Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2, myotonic dystrophy, and fragile X syndrome. Genes that confer a predisposition to common diseases such as breast cancer, colon cancer, hypertension, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease have also been localized to specific chromosomal regions. All these discoveries benefitted from the information, resources and technologies developed by human genome research. As the genome project proceeds, many more exciting developments are expected including technology for studying the health effects of environmental agents, the ability to decipher the genomes of many other organisms, including countless microbes important to agriculture and the environment, as well as the identification of many more genes involved in disease. The technology and data produced by the genome project will provide a strong stimulus to broad areas of biological research and biotechnology. Exciting years lie ahead as the HGP moves toward its second set of five-year goals.
Graphic overview of the new goals for the human genome. A 2-5 centiMorgan genetic map is expected to be completed by 1995 and a physical map with STS markers every 100 kb by 1998. Efficient methods for gene identification need to be developed and refined. The DNA sequencing goal of 50 Megabases per year by 1998 includes all DNA, both human and model organisms, and assumes an exponential increase in sequencing capacity over time. Other important goals involving model organisms are not shown here, but are described in the text.
Last Reviewed: October 1, 2012


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English Language Arts Education
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The seemingly disorganized, chaotic "work ethic" of the House Agriculture Committee is starting to look more appealing to farm organizations.
When the House passed its farm bill in July, Agriculture Committee Chairman Collin Peterson, D-Minn., had to delay his press conference twice as he and other Democrats tried to tie up the loose ends.
But with the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry not having scheduled a mark-up session more than two months later, Peterson and the House ag committee are beginning to look like models of efficiency.
As noted in this space a few weeks ago, Congress did not have to complete a new farm bill by Sept. 30, when most of the 2002 farm bill expired. Commodity programs will continue to run through the harvest seasons of the 2008 crops.
Many would prefer Congress simply change the date on the 2002 farm bill. But just enough has happened to make farm leaders want to see most of the provisions of the House farm bill law enacted.
On Sept. 28, 60 "farm" organizations, ranging from the American Farm Bureau to the YWCA, signed a letter to the majority and minority leaders of the Senate and the chairman and ranking member of the Senate ag committee, asking them to expedite action on the farm bill.
"While our organizations have differences on policy recommendations, we believe it is vitally important the Senate Agriculture Committee mark up and pass a 2007 farm bill as soon as possible," read the letter signed by the American Soybean Association, National Corn Growers Association, National Cotton Council, U.S. Rice Producers Association and USA Rice Federation.
The letter said farmers need certainty on the policy environment in which they will operate next year. It noted several conservation and nutrition programs expired on Sept. 30, "programs which needed to be reauthorized and adequately funded.
"Extending the 2002 farm bill is not an acceptable alternative to enacting new legislation. Extension is only a short-term solution that does not provide the assurances the nutrition, agriculture and conservation communities need for efficient, long-term planning."
Iowa Sen. Tom Harkin, ag committee chairman, said he will seek a one-month extension of the current law as a stop-gap. He has also said the committee will consider a new farm bill prior to the Columbus Day recess the week of Oct. 8 (or it might occur the week of Oct. 15).
The problem continues to be money. Harkin and his staff and other ag committee members have been meeting with Senate Finance Committee leaders to find offsets to provide more funding for disaster and for conservation and nutrition programs.
The latter is considering changes to tax, tariff and Social Security provisions that could generate savings of $12 billion over 10 years with $5 billion going to a permanent disaster program.
The protracted pace is wearing thin with farm organizations. Passing the House farm bill, warts and all, is looking more like a winner.


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ryder2726 needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
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OCEAN CITY – It is out with the old and in with the new when it comes to the town's transit system as discount coupon books were terminated and a new mobile app is in the works to offer credit/debit card payments on the buses.
Finance Administrator Martha Bennett was excited to share with the Mayor and City Council this week a way to offer easy credit/debit payments for Ocean City's bus service.
"For about 20 years, I have been looking for a way for us to accept electronic payments by credit card or debit card on our buses," she said. "The barriers to this were the high cost of installing hardware and software on each bus. The time it takes to process a payment from the time a person got on the bus to swipe their card and have it approved. The processing fees because there is a flat rate for fees and our rates were so low it would have been prohibitive to do that, and the security of maintaining credit card numbers on each bus in the environment we would be responsible for."
Bennett recently attended a seminar sponsored by the Ocean City Chamber of Commerce where a concept was introduced of pay-by-phone.
"What happens with this proposal is the phone becomes the hardware," Bennett said. "They buy the ticket on the phone and show it to the driver … the payment is made at the bus stop or beforehand so there is no time element to wait to get on the bus and hold up service. The processing fee would be a percentage of the sale and not a flat fee so that keeps it within our budget. We don't have to maintain the credit card numbers because they are held by the company doing the processing on the phone … we just get the money recorded each night in our bank account. I am very excited about this."
According to Bennett, Electronics Transactions Systems (ETS) has offered to develop a pay-by-phone application, free of charge to the town, to accept bus fares and allow bus riders the convenience of credit or debit card payments, which may in turn encourage ridership.
By accepting the phone application, PMoney, as an additional form of payment, ETS has offered to charge a flat rate of .50 percent with no other per item fee. ETS will reimburse any software/hardware manufacturers to cover the cost of integrating PMoney into their products. For all other processing services ETS is prepared to extend the same rate currently in place with the application being used at Eagle's Landing Golf Course.
"Currently, we are working with Ocean City and are offering payment processing services for some of your departments," ETS Executive Vice President Hadi Alain Akkad said. "What we developed a few years ago is a product called PMoney. It is a pay-by-phone solution, and we have been launching it over the past three years across all of our merchant locations … within that application we have been expanding the features, so currently you can pay a friend, pay a business, pay for a pizza, pay for golf, and we have been adding a few buttons. We have added a pay for parking and a pay for transit."
Bennett asked permission to develop the application but assured it would not go live without meeting all the needs of the transportation department.
"We would have to install signage at all the bus stops and possibly on the buses to explain how it works, and work with our marketing to get the message out … over time I think this will develop to be very easy," she said. "Somebody may only be wearing their bathing suit but they have their phone with them."
Councilman Brent Ashley made a motion to move forward with credit/debit card payment option for bus customers and the council voted unanimously to approve.
"I see it as something for our tourists to be very excited about and something else we can market … I see a big future for this," Council Secretary Mary Knight said.
Up next Public Works Director Hal Adkins presented the option to terminate the sale of coupon booklets for the transit system, which would result in around $50,000 potential revenue increase with a corresponding reduction in expenditures of around $3,000 for printing.
"Over the last few years, the overall sales of the coupon books have decreased in comparison to how it took off in the beginning," Adkins said.
The current coupon book costs $15 and consists of 20 coupons. The current bus fare structure is $1 per boarding or $3 to ride all day. The discounted value is 75 cents per coupon or $2.25f for the all-day pass. One coupon is required per boarding and three coupons are required for a ride-all-day pass.
"Your users are already getting the opportunity to utilize a discount when you instituted the fare system of $3 ride-all-day or $1 per boarding," Adkins said. "They are now able to make their own choice and in my personal opinion they are simply able to apply the discount by paying $1 upon boarding, if that is what they choose to do."
The council voted unanimously to terminate the discount book.


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Shilajit Supreme 120 vegan caps
HealthForce Shilajit Supreme™* is gathered from a pristine high mountain region of the Himilayan Mountains of India concentrated via a unique full spectrum process below 100 F into a nutrient rich powder. Shilajit is an ancient, rare, resinous substance found in the Himalayan Mountains in northern India, Nepal, and Tibet. Shilajit has also been discovered in mountain areas of Russia, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Pakistan, China, and even Norway and northern Chile.
Vegan, Gluten Free, No Grain Fillers
Suggested Use:Take 2 capsules or 1/2 teaspoon daily with purified water, juice, smoothies, etc.
Nutrition Facts: Serving Size: 2 Vegan Caps, Servings Per Container : 60, Sugars - 0g, Sodium - 5mg, Calcium - 60mg, Iron - 2.7mg, Vitamin C - 1.2mg
Persons taking medications and those with known medical conditions should consult their physician before using this or any dietary supplement.
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food & Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Copyright © 2019 Natural Zing's Raw Food StorePowered by osCommerce


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Once you enter your information, your coupon will be emailed to you. If you have any questions, you can reach us at (910) 442-2690.
Offer is not valid without submitting the coupon. Offer is non-transferable and is redeemable only by the individual to whom it is made out. Offer is not valid on prior sales or sale priced vehicles and cannot be combined with any other offer or promotion. One certificate only per transaction. Zero cash redemption. Please present certificate or mention offer upon arrival. Restrictions may apply. See dealer for complete details.
NOTE: Price does not include dealer installed equipment. Price(s) include(s) all costs to be paid by a consumer, except for licensing costs, registration fees, $699 administrative fees and taxes. Prices may include factory rebates and incentives. Vehicle inventory and promotional offers are updated frequently. Please note that all vehicles are subject to prior sale and promotional offers may be canceled without notice. By filling out this form, you authorize Capital of Wilmington to call, text, or email you in the future. Although every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained on this site, absolute accuracy cannot be guaranteed. This site, and all information and materials appearing on it, are presented to the user "as is" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. All vehicles are subject to prior sale. Vehicles shown at different locations are not currently in our inventory (Not in Stock) but can be made available to you at our location within a reasonable date from the time of your request.
an Automotive Advertising Agency


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- / World & News
- / Countries of the World
- / Gabon
Facts & Figures
President: Ali Bongo Ondimba (2009)
Prime Minister: Daniel Ona Ondo (2014)
Land area: 99,486 sq mi (257,669 sq km); total area: 103,346 sq mi (267,667 sq km)
Population (2014 est.): 1,672,597 (growth rate: 1.94%); birth rate: 34.64/1000; infant mortality rate: 47.03/1000; life expectancy: 52.06
Capital and largest city (2014 est.): Libreville, 695,000
Monetary unit: CFA Franc
This West African country with the Atlantic as its western border is also bounded by Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, and the Congo. Its area is slightly less than Colorado's. Most of the country is covered by a dense tropical forest.
The earliest humans in Gabon were believed to be the Babinga, or Pygmies, dating back to 7000 B.C., who were later followed by Bantu groups from southern and eastern Africa. Now there are many tribal groups in the country, the largest being the Fang peoples, who constitute 25% of the population.
Gabon was first explored by the Portuguese navigator Diego Cam in the 15th century. In 1472, the Portuguese explorers encountered the mouth of the Como River and named it "Rio de Gabao," river of Gabon, which later became the name of the country. The Dutch began arriving in 1593, and the French in 1630. In 1839, the French founded their first settlement on the left bank of the Gabon estuary and gradually occupied the hinterland during the second half of the 19th century. The land became a French territory in 1888, an autonomous republic within the French Union after World War II, and an independent republic on Aug. 17, 1960.
Longest-Serving Head of State Bongo Is Sworn in As Gabon's President
Albert-Bernard Bongo became Gabon's second president after Leon M'ba in 1967. He changed his name to Omar in 1973, upon converting to Islam. Strikes and riots led to a transitional constitution in May 1990, legalizing political parties and calling for free elections. In Gabon's first multiparty election in Dec. 1993, Bongo received just over 51% of the vote, while the opposition candidate alleged fraud and tried to establish a rival government.
In Dec. 1998, President Bongo, who had by then ruled the country for 31 years, was elected for an additional seven. Gabon lacks roads, schools, and adequate health care, yet income from the oil-rich country has lined the pockets of its ruler, who, according to the French weekly L'Autre Afrique, is said to own more real estate in Paris than any other foreign leader. Despite his reputation for corruption and authoritarianism, Bongo enjoyed a strong national following. In July 2003, the country's constitution was changed, allowing Bongo to be reelected indefinitely; that year, he changed his name again, to El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba. In Dec. 2005, he was reelected for another seven-year term.
Bongo died in June 2009. He was Africa's longest-serving head of state, having been in office since 1967. Ndong resigned as prime minister in July. He was replaced by Paul BiyoghC) Mba. Bongo's son, Ali Bongo Ondimba, won presidential elections in September 2009. The opposition contested the results, calling the race a "a constitutional coup d'etat" and an attempt to preserve the Bongo political dynasty. Gabon's Constitutional Court certified the results.
Prime Minister Paul Biyoghé Mba resigned in Feb. 2012 and was succeeded by Raymond Ndong Sima. Two years later, on Jan. 24, 2014, Daniel Ona Ondo was appointed prime minister.
See also Encyclopedia: Gabon .
U.S. State Dept. Country Notes: Gabon


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Posted by Kristine Steimer // Sr. Community Specialist -
Those poor, poor Colossi. All they want is be left alone to wander majestically, but if you want to save your lady friend, you're gonna have to bring them down. I know. Take a minute to prepare your mental state, and then make sure your hard drive is ready for this awesome game when it becomes free for PlayStation Plus members tomorrow. There are also discounts on some Activision titles including classic titles like Crash Bandicoot and Spyro the Dragon.
Shadow of the Colossus, FINALLY! And Spyro: Year of the Dragon for only $3. AWESOME!
since this generation coming to an end, I could safely announce that PSN+ is one of the greatest thing that got introduced this generation.
as for SOC I already own the HD collection and I won't sell this masterpiece.
Does anyone know if you can remote play the spyro and crash games?
This is definitely an exclusive that Sony can brag about. I finally got to play this when it was released in that HD two pack with ICO and fell in love with it.


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** This giveaway is now closed. **
We have an exciting giveaway for you today! One spot in a Heidi Swapp workshop from Big Picture Classes! Read on for details.
Art of Observation, taught by Heidi Swapp
Class Description:
We have all heard about the unexamined life and its worth… when Socrates taught his students to challenge the norm and question the world, the outcome was his death – a high price to pay! Are you ready to challenge your norm and look at your life in a new and exciting way?
Questions are the creative acts of intelligence. It is through asking questions and figuring out the answers along the way that we learn to value and cherish the life that we live. Novelist Thomas Berger said, "The art and science of asking questions is the source of all knowledge."
Asking questions and making observations in our life and in the world around us will help us to appreciate the beauty and wonder that is our everyday. Life is CRAZY! It's busy and full, and complicated and dramatic! It's up and down; there are beautiful triumphant moments, and heartbreaking disappointments—somehow, all combined, they equal something wonderful and worth remembering.
Register and read rest of description here.
Workshop lasts 12 weeks
April 5-June 27 $99
New to Big Picture Classes? Learn more here.
To enter this giveaway, please comment to this post. I am always inspired by the creative projects that you, our readers, are working on, so please describe what you are working on in your comment. One entry per person. Comments will close on Sunday night, March 18, 2012 at midnight EST. One winner will be selected using an online random number generator and announced on Monday!


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For a rich, creamy, cheesy pasta sauce, skip the adolescent 'alfredo sauce' and try something more sophisticated: fresh pasta with formaggio di fossa (pecorino) or cheese from a pit, a pungent sheep's milk cheese from Le Marche, Italy. Formaggio di Fossa is considered one of the most delicious culinary rarities from Romagna and Marche with a unique flavor, deep coloring & strong aroma. This cheese is best grated over pasta or eaten with fruit & honey as dessert.
Fresh Pasta with Formaggio di Fossa
Serves 4
200 grams grated formaggio di fossa
500 grams of fresh pasta: spaghetti chitarra or tagliatelle
2 tomatoes - seeded, skin removed, chopped
2 glugs of olive oil, extra virgin
clove of garlic
In a frying pan on medium heat, add a couple of glugs of olive oil to the pan.
Add the whole clove of garlic (skin removed) and lightly fry for a couple of minutes.
Add chopped tomatoes, cook for 2-3 minutes until the tomatoes have cooked down a bit.
Add in cooked pasta & add half he cheese in the pan. Toss. Add the other half of cheese & toss again.
Adjust seasoning with salt & pepper.
Put on a platter to serve & top with a bit more cheese.


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With the 10-year Treasury yielding well under 2 percent, you've probably heard a lot about dividend-yielding stocks. But dividend yield is a tricky metric. It's calculated by dividing annual dividends per share by price per share. Therefore, a high-yielding stock isn't necessarily attractive in and of itself.
Here's why. Yield increases when either dividends increase, (a higher numerator) or when share price decreases (a lower denominator). That second scenario isn't terribly attractive.
That means when using dividend yield to make an investment decision, you can't just take a higher yield at face value. You must also examine the fundamentals of a company to determine why the stock is yielding what it's yielding.
Confused? No need. Fast Money has done the legwork for you. Following is a list of favorite dividend yielders from our pros. These are companies the Fast Money gang says offer a strong return and have strong fundamentals, too.
By Lee Brodie
Posted 9 July 2012


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|Posted: October 24, 2007
Intradigm Study Shows Ability of siRNAs Systemically Delivered With TargeTran System to Suppress Tum(...)
|(Nanowerk News) Intradigm Corporation, a leading developer of targeted, systemic RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics, today announced study results that demonstrated the company's TargeTran™ delivery system is capable of delivering vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that suppress tumor-induced angiogenesis by silencing target gene expression in mice. The study findings support the preclinical development of ICS-283 a nanoparticle-based compound comprised of siRNAs that target both VEGF and its main receptor. Complete study findings were presented by Intradigm scientists today at the 2007 AACR- NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics.
|This preclinical study was designed to examine the anti-angiogenic efficacy, in multiple cancer types, of VEGF-targeted siRNAs administered systemically with Intradigm's proprietary RNAi Nanoplex™ delivery technology using the TargeTran™ delivery system. At the study's outset, tumor cells (both human colorectal and renal cell carcinoma) were implanted into a group of mice. At both two and five days post tumor cell introduction, a portion of the mice were given intravenous (IV) administration of several siRNAs targeting VEGF ligand, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, or various combinations of the three. The remaining mice received either a negative control siRNA treatment or a positive control treatment using VEGF antibody Bevacizumab. At eight days, tumor-induced angiogenesis as well as target gene knockdown were analyzed. The results showed highly significant anti-angiogenic effect that is RNAi-mediated in all active siRNA treatment groups targeting different VEGF-pathways genes.
|"These study results are very encouraging as they demonstrate the ability of our RNAi Nanoplex™ technology to systemically deliver siRNA therapeutics directly to tumor vasculature and tumor cells," said Mohammad Azab, M.D., president and chief executive officer of Intradigm. "The targeting of the VEGF pathway with RNAi represents a novel approach for anti-angiogenesis-based therapeutics, and with the tumor selectivity offered by our TargeTran™ system, we believe we are developing an innovative therapeutic candidate that may possess efficacy and/or safety advantages over existing or other anti-angiogenic agents in development."
|ICS-283 is currently in preclinical development for a variety of cancer indications and the company expects to initiate clinical development of this candidate in 2008. The findings presented today support data from several other in vivo models, including xenograft models of different cancers, which have confirmed an RNAi-mediated anti-angiogenic effect following systemic administration similar to VEGF antibody. VEGF, as an established target in the treatment of cancer, provides a clear clinical development path to validate the success of Intradigm's systemic delivery of siRNA in man.
|To address the issue of effective and targeted delivery of RNAi therapeutics, Intradigm has developed its proprietary RNAi Nanoplex™ technology, a powerful combination of advanced delivery systems. The RNAi Nanoplex™ technology is a multi-component delivery vector that carries active siRNA molecules in its core and in its targeted form (TargeTran™) carries a ligand attached to its surface for specific tissue targeting. This platform is unique in its ability to offer tissue specific targeting of siRNA and intracellular delivery against the intracellular machinery of the target tissue. In addition, Intradigm also developed the PolyTran™ delivery system, a novel biodegradable polycation polymer that also shows great promise as an RNAi delivery system. Intradigm believes that this Nanoplex™ platform is one of the most versatile siRNA systemic delivery technologies currently in development.
|Intradigm is a private biotechnology company dedicated to the development of targeted, systemic RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics for the treatment of serious diseases with an initial focus on oncology.
|At present, Intradigm is working to build a high-value internal pipeline of RNAi oncology therapeutics, and is actively advancing its lead drug candidate, ICS-283, for a variety of cancer indications. The company is also establishing collaborative relationships with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies through which Intradigm's advanced RNAi delivery technology may be applied to a broad range of therapeutic targets. For more information on Intradigm, please visit http://www.intradigm.com.
|Source: Intradigm Corporation
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East River Bobcat Season Opens Saturday
YANKTON, S.D. (AP) - South Dakota's first bobcat season east of the Missouri River opens Saturday.
GF&P conservation officer Sam Schelhaas tells the Yankton Press and Dakotan that the East River bobcat population has reached the point where it can sustain a limited harvest.
The season runs in Yankton, Bon Homme, Charles Mix, Brule and Buffalo counties from Dec. 8-30.
Schelhaas says hunters and trappers who take bobcats are required to remove the pelts from the carcasses and surrender the entire carcasses within five days to GF&P for registration and tagging,
Hunters must have a fur-bearer license, and only one bobcat is allowed per hunter or trapper.
Once the season is closed, an individual has 24 hours to notify GF&P personnel of any untagged bobcats harvested during the season.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. Material may not be redistributed.


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RWJS needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 119 designs submitted by 35 freelance designers.
Clayton Woodworking Ltd.
Clayton Woodworking Limited is a business specializing in fine carpentry (Kitchens, cabinets, stairs, doors etc...) for the commercial market (restaurants, office kitchens etc...). We have been in business for 30yrs and pride ourselves on quality work delivered by our certified well trained staff.
People looking for fine craftsmanship in the commercial market.
Something which is not too busy or overwhelming but still shows that the company is a woodworking company.
Think fine carpentry like cabinets and moldings. Doesn't have to have pictures of tools or people working, however perhaps the letters "CWL" can be somehow be the focus of the logo. However we are open to having the words "Clayton Wood Working" written out if it is the right creative treatment.
In terms of Colours please use your creative discretion.
You're the designer feel free to take the logo where you feel it needs to go. We're not afraid of creativity...let loose & let's see what happens.
Expect deliverable of eps. pdf. and original AI files.
Feedback will be provided each day. Thanks and we look forward to seeing some great work
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Melanie Mederlind
Melanie Mederlind graduated from the Stockholm Academy of Dramatic Arts in 2004 with a degree in Directing for Performing Arts. She has directed theatre, radio theatre, opera and dance, and has established herself as a director of mainly German speaking drama. Melanie has also worked as a translator of Swedish drama into Portuguese, among others Strindberg, Dagerman and Lars Norén.
Melanie directed the first Scandinavian performance of Ulrike Maria Stuart by Elfriede Jelinek at the National Theatre in Oslo, Norway, which was the opening production at the Contemporary Stage Festival of 2007, and received the Hedda Award 2008 nomination for Best Director. Her productions include Les Adieux (Das Lebewohl) by Elfriede Jelinek, which was the latter's Swedish stage premiere, and the first Swedish performance of The Woman from Before (Die Frau von früher) by Roland Schimmelpfennig, a production that was selected for the Swedish Theatre Biennial of 2011. She staged several productions at the Riksteatern, Sweden's leading nationwide theatre, among others In the Alps (In den Alpen) by Elfriede Jelinek, and 24 hours Berlin (Auf der Greifswalderstrasse) by Roland Schimmelpfennig, a production that was invited to the Tampere Theatre Festival of 2008.
Melanie Mederlind was an artist-in-residence at Folkteatern during 2009-2013, where she directed three productions: Sense (Sinn) by Anja Hilling in 2010, which was the exam production of the acting students at the Gothenburg Academy of Music and Drama, Holy Joan from the Slaughterhouse (Die Heilige Johanna der Schlachthöfe) by Bertolt Brecht in 2011, and most recently What happened after Nora left her husband (Was geschah nachdem Nora ihren Mann verlassen hatte) by Elfriede Jelinek in 2013.
Melanie Mederlind was awarded a Long-Term Working Grant in Performing Arts (2012) by the Swedish Arts Grants Committee. Her productions, based on the plays of Elfriede Jelinek in Sweden and Norway, are mentioned in the book Theatrale Grenzgänge, published by the Elfriede Jelinek Forschungszentrum in 2009.
Production Folkteatern Göteborg in collaboration with Théâtre National/Bruxelles.


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Pudge's Picks
Please, if you wish, go to join Pudge's Picks for 2008, now hosted on ESPN.com.
After logging in (create a new login if you don't have one), create an entry.
Then for each entry, click Join a Group. Type in "Pudge's Picks" in the search field, submit the form, then click on Pudge's Picks when it shows up in the list. The password to join is "longhorn."