text:
Serie A Preview: Inter, Fiorentina eye Europe
After stuttering recently, Fiorentina and Inter can get back on track this weekend as they seek to secure UEFA Europa League qualification.
The sides sitting fourth and fifth respectively in Serie A have each suffered dips in form of late.
Fiorentina have won just two of their last eight league matches, while Inter are winless in three and boast only two victories in seven.
However, after sixth-placed Parma suffered a 4-2 defeat at Roma on Wednesday, both Fiorentina and Inter will be eager to cement their top-five slots.
Inter welcome struggling Bologna to San Siro on Saturday and Vincenzo Montella's men host an Udinese side that appear all but safe from relegation the following day.
Fiorentina were beaten by Milan in their last home game and then drew 0-0 with Sampdoria last time out.
Inter have arguably displayed even more frustrating form, however, losing to in-form Atalanta before dropping further points in draws with Udinese and Livorno.
Their failure to claim victory at the Stadio Armando Picchi came about after a lapse in concentration from Fredy Guarin, who played a catastrophic backpass that enabled Innocent Emeghara to pull Livorno level at 2-2 five minutes from time.
Despite seeing his side give up a two-goal lead, Inter coach Walter Mazzarri did his best to remain positive.
"Those of you who saw the match realise it's one of those years, it needs to be looked at in a certain way," he said.
"Let's try to take the good points out of it, the character we showed until - perhaps unconsciously - the lads thought the game was over."
Parma face another tricky test on Sunday against Napoli, with Atalanta and Lazio - in seventh and eighth - also holding out hope of earning Europa League football.
There is unlikely to be drama in the battle for UEFA Champions League places.
Despite suffering a rare defeat against Napoli last time out, champions Juventus boast an 11-point advantage at the summit and both Roma and Napoli are some way clear of Fiorentina.
In what could be a defining week at the bottom, Livorno and Sassuolo have tough away games at Juve and Atalanta.
Chievo, two points above the drop zone in 16th, host Verona and rock-bottom Catania welcome Torino to the Stadio Angelo Massimino.
Cagliari look all but safe from the drop ahead of their clash with Roma while Clarence Seedorf's Milan will hope to build on their recent upturn in form when they take on Genoa.
Lazio face Sampdoria in the other fixture this weekend.


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If you've never used Google before, you're in luck: it's incredibly easy to run a simple search. But if you've been using Google since the day it debuted, and you've never tried an image search or clicked the "Similar pages" link, consider yourself part of the vast Underusers Club.
Google is appealing because it's so straightforward. But you can get a lot more out of the site by knowing your way around the subtle details and using the less prominent features. This chapter guides you through basic search techniques and helps you analyze search results in ways that would surprise many power users.The Heart of Google: Basic Text Searches
The Google home page (www.google.com) is as plain and friendly as Web pages get—loading quickly both for dial-uppers and broadband jockeys. As Figure 1-1 shows, it features tons of white space, a blank search box awaiting your command, two buttons, and a handful of links. What less could you want?
Google is about as hard to use as your refrigerator. To run a search, just follow this simple procedure:1. Point your browser to www.google.com.
You can skip the"www"part and just type google.com in the address bar, then press Enter. (Google fills in the "www" for you.)
As shown in Figure 1-2, the address bar is the space at the top of the browser where you can type in a new URL. URL (pronounced "You Are El"), which stands for Uniform Resource Locator, is the unique electronic address assigned to every Web page, and it tells computers where to find that page on the Internet. A URL looks like this: http://www.missingmanuals.com, or sometimesjust www.missingmanauls. com, or even missingmanuals.com. Google's URL is www.google.com. URLs are also known as Web addresses, and you'll see a lot of them as you surf around.
To move to a new Web page, highlight the current address (in most browsers, clicking once in the address bar does the trick), type your new URL right over the old one, then press Enter.
Once you've entered Google's address, its home page—shown in Figure 1-1—snaps to attention, with a blinking cursor in the blank search box, ready to receive your search words.
2. Type in the word or words you want to search for (up to ten of them), and then press Enter or click Google Search.
Google looks for Web pages that contain the words you type (you may hear these words called keywords, search terms, and queries, but they all mean the same thing).
If you put in Britney Spears, you get not only Britney's official Web site (www. britneyspears.com), but a couple million fan sites and media outlets that have mentioned her, too.
Common searches include proper nouns like celebrities'names, company names, places in the news, the name of your high school, and your own name. You can also look for things like New York subway map, or prostate cancer support group, or hemp wholesalers.
3. Scroll through your results, and click any link to jump to that page.
Links appear underlined, in blue, and when you mouse over them, the cursor turns into a hand. Figure 1-3 depicts a typical results page.
Tip: In most browsers, you can right-click or Shift+click (c-click) a link to open it in a new window, thereby preserving your list of results for further exploration.
4. To return to your Google results, click the Back button on your browser (or, if you preserved your results window, simply switch to it).
If you don't find what you want on one page, you don't have to type Google's URL again and retype your search, too. You can just click back to the original results.
Tip: A lot of browsers, including Internet Explorer, have a little down arrow beside the Back button. If you click it, it displays a list of the pages you've most recently visited. It's super-handy when you've clicked your way down into a site and want to jump back to your Google results—or anywhere else you've been—without backing through every page you've hit.
Congratulations. You've just used one percent of Google's power. And that's as far as 99 percent of the population ever goes.
The rest of this chapter gives you tips on extracting more power from Google using less effort, including a tour of a typical results page highlighting the little-visited, but treasure-filled corners of Google (page 26).
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What makes Google so amazing is that more often than not, you get what you're looking for right away. Google figures out that the pages you're mostly likely to want are the pages other people link to most often.
Tip: In fact, the system is so reliable that Google offers an "I'm Feeling Lucky" button, described below, that takes you directly to the page that would appear at the top of your results.
Still, depending on what you're looking for, you may have a hard time finding what you want. And as the Web grows, you can easily get too many results. A search for dog biscuit recipes, for example, turns up more than 20,000 pages. How do you choose?
Filtering is the name of the game. To prevent an attack of Futile Search Frustration, a few simple techniques help ensure that no matter what you're looking for you'll get to the stuff you really want—not just somewhere near it. Here's a handful of tricks to keep in mind.
Frequently Asked Question: Why is it Called Google?
"Google" is a cute name, but does it mean anything?
The thing that stands out most on the Google home page is the company's colorful signature. Which raises the ques-tion: Why does this search service sound like it's named after a Muppet?
In fact, "Google" is a misspelling of the word "googol," which is the number 1 followed by one hundred zeroes, or 10100, and brings to mind the stupendously large number of Web pages that it searches. (Extra neat fact: a googolplex is the number 1 followed by a googol zeroes, or 1010^100. Not coincidentally, Googe's office complex is called the Googleplex.
Incidentally, the word googol was coined around 1938 by the nine-year-old Milton Sirotta, the nephew of mathematician Edward Kasner.
Getting Specific
Google is a smart Web site, but it can't read your mind. If you search for apple, Google doesn't know whether you're more interested in the fruit, the computer company, the Beatles label, New York City, the singer Fiona, or something else altogether. (In this case, Google guesses you want to find the computer company, because—thanks to the techie types who hang out online—many more sites link to Apple Computer than to other sites with the word "apple." For more on how Google judges relevance, see page 3.)
Search engines live by the maxim "Garbage in, garbage out."So be sure to give Google hints to locate what you want—the more specific, the better. Try apple nutrition, Apple software, Apple Records, the Big Apple, or Fiona Apple. You can take your query a step further and go for "how many calories does an apple have?" Or Fiona Apple lyrics.
Tip: Actually,instead of asking Google "how many calories does an apple have?" put your search in theform of an answer: "an apple has * calories" (the asterisk stands in for the word you don't know, as explained on page 59). After all, you want Google to find answers, not questions, so you're more likely to hit pay dirt if you search for answers. Here's another example: Instead of the query "Where does Oscar the Grouch live?" try "Oscar the Grouch lives in." Or, rather than "Why is Snuffleupagus invisible?" try "Snuffleupagus is invisible because." (When you're searching for specific phrases, use quote marks, as explained on page 20.)
Keep in mind that Google cares about the details of your search terms. A few cases stand out:
- Singular is different from plural. As Scrabble mavens know, the "s" is a key letter. Searches for apple and apples turn up different pages. Although Google often runs singular and plural searches automatically, try both forms of a word if you're not sure which is more appropriate for your query.
- The order of words matters. Google considers the first word most important, the second word next, and so on. Thus, brown logo brings up a lot of pages related to Brown University first, while logo brown starts off with logo designers and merchandise with logos.
- Google ignores most little words. To stay speedy and focused on the most important terms in a search, Google ignores a bunch of common words, known to search aficionados as stop words. These include "I,""where," "how,""the," "of," "an," "for," "from,""how,"'it,""in,"and"is,"among others, and certain single digits and letters. Most of the time, this is a good thing. When it's not (say you want The King, not just king), use quote marks, described on the next page.
Note: Google doesn't give out its official list of stop words. But after you run a search, it tells you if it has excluded a common word by displaying a message on the results page (right below the search box), something like this: "'the' is a very common word and was not included in your search."
Google ignores most punctuation except apostrophes, hyphens, and quote marks (discussed next). When you hyphenate a word, like bow-tie, Google also searches for bowtie and bow tie. It does the reverse, too: If you search for bowtie, Google also finds bow-tie and bow tie, but it shows you the results in a different order. Similarly, Google treats Paul's, Pauls' and Pauls as three related searches (though it acts as if Senator P. Simon and Senator P Simon are the same guy). So for commonly hyphenated or compound words, it's sometimes worth running the search a few different ways to bring up a variety of results.
The other kind of punctuation that Google recognizes is two periods in a row, as explained in the box below.
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{mospagebreak title=To Quote a Phrase}
If you type in more than one keyword, Google automatically searches for all the words anywhere they appear on a Web page, whether they're side-by-side or scattered throughout. For example, if you search for this—
to be or not to be
—then Google gives you results that contain those words anywhere on the page, including pages called Hot or Not? and the National Do Not Call Registry. Probably not what you had in mind.
If you want only Web pages that contain your words in order, as a complete phrase, let Google know by enclosing them in quotes. Google calls this a phrase search. But despite the fancy name, it's really the most elemental search trick on the planet.
So if you search for "to be or not to be", Google gives you matches only for pages that include that whole, exact phrase. You get links for lots of articles and movies with the famous phrase in their titles, and a bunch of Shakespeare-related sites, too.
Gem in the Rough: Home on the Number Range
Most people use Google to search for words. But it also lets you search for a host of identficaton numbers, like package tracking IDs, as described on page 42. Even more exciting, Google lets you search for a range of numbers or dates. Just type two periods between the numbers at either end of the range, and Googe shows you results that include those numbers and everything in between.
For example, if you want to find references to New York City in the first half of the 19th century, try 1800..1850 "New York City." Google shows you results mentioning the Big Apple during that entire span of years. This trick is also good for prices $50..75 Tiffany) and for other types of numbers (45..55 MPG Honda, or 400..600 thread count cotton, or 200..300 watt bulbs).
Searching Within Your Results
You wanted to see if you could find the text of Hamlet online. So you searched for "to be or not to be," enclosing the phrase in quotes, and you got 173,000 results—most of which didn't even mention Denmark.
Google has a great feature for helping you narrow your results to find the really relevant pages, although almost nobody uses it. Double your Google effectiveness simply by using the "Search within results" link at the bottom of any results page. Figure 1-4 shows you how.
And vs. Or
When you run a search, Google assumes that you want to find all of the search words you type. For example, if you search for this—
chimps "Los Angeles" trainer
—then Google finds a list of Web pages containing the words chimps, and the phrase Los Angeles, and the word trainer. (Put another way, Google automatically inserts the word AND between each term.) It does not include Web pages that are just about Los Angeles, or even about Los Angeles chimps. A Web page must include all three phrases, or it doesn't make the cut.
If, on the other hand, you want to find pages that have either one term or another, type OR between them, like this—
"Ben Affleck" OR "Matt Damon" OR chimps
In this case, Google gives you pages that include any one of the three terms.
Finally, if you want one term plus any of several other terms, group the options in parentheses, like this—
chimps ("Ben Affleck" OR "Mark Wahlberg")
—then Google shows you pages that include the name "Ben Affleck"or "Mark Wahlberg" plus the word "chimps." Handy when you can't remember which actor was in the 2001 remake of Planet of the Apes.
Tip: You can use the | (pipe) character instead of OR, as in: chimps ("Ben Affleck" | "Mark Wahlberg"). The pipe is above the backslash on your keyboard; to get it, press Shift + . (This tip is brought to you by the National Society of Unix Gurus and Other Geeks Who Use the Pipe Symbol in Their Programming All the Time.)
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{mospagebreak title=Just Say No}
Just Say No
Google doesn't understand the word NOT, a programming command familiar to techies and parents of two-year-olds. But it does let you use a minus sign (or dash) to indicate that you don't want a certain term to appear in your results. For example, if you type—
"Ben Affleck" –"Jennifer Lopez"
—then Google gives you only pages that contain mentions of "Ben Affleck" without "Jennifer Lopez."
Tip: The minus sign must appear directly before the word or phrase you want to exclude. If you put a space after the symbol, Google ignores it. Do, however, put a space before the minus sign.
Frequently Asked Question: Case Sensitivity
Does Google care if I capitalize my search words?
No. Some search engines, including those on many intranets (private Web sites), are case sensitive, meaning they search for your terms based on how you capitalize the words. In a case-sensitive word, the query "ALFRED HTCHCOCK" woud not find Web pages containg the term "Alfred Hitchcock", "alfred hitchcock", or "aLfREd hiTChCoCk".
Googe, on the other hand, doesn't care about captazaton. If you search for Pugs, pugs, PUGS, or even pUGs, you get the same results. Give your pinkies a rest and type your queries in all lower-case letters.
This negation trick is most useful when you are searching for a term, like compact, that has more than one meaning. (Cocktail party trivia: These words are called homographs.) If you want results about political agreements like the Mayflower compact, which have nothing to do with small cars or makeup cases or CDs, try something like:
compact –car –makeup -disc
In addition to weeding out homographs, the minus sign is also handy when you're searching for people or places that share the same name, and you want results for only one. For example, when you need to make sure that a search for William Perry, the former defense secretary, does not include results for William Perry, the former defensive tackle for the Chicago Bears, try this:
"William Perry" –"the Refrigerator"
Similarly, if you want to exclude reams of pages focusing on one particular aspect of your subject, like posters of The Refrigerator, go for:
"William Perry" "The Refrigerator" –poster
Just Say Yes
Because Google ignores certain common words (described above), it sometimes misinterprets a phrase. For example, omen and The Omen are not the same thing. If a common word or number is critical to your search, you can tell Google to include it. Simply place a plus sign (+) directly in front of the term you want to include, like this:
+the omen
This search gives you results for hundreds of thousands of pages that mention the classic devil-baby movie.
Tip: Another way to force Google not to ignore little words is to use quotes, as described on page 20. For example, if you put quotes around "of thee I sing," Google gives you pages with the whole phrase, not just the words thee and sing.
Getting Lucky
After the Google Search button, the most prominent feature of Google's home page is the I'm Feeling Lucky button. It's enticing—does it mean you can win the lot-tery?—but it doesn't tell you what it really does. In fact, the Lucky button takes you directly to the first Web page that you'd see in the listings if you clicked the regular Search button (Figure 1-5). In other words, the Lucky button operates on the premise that it can guess where you want to go.
The Lucky button is a fabulous click saver when you're looking for something fairly obvious, like the examples in Figure 1-5. On the other hand, the Lucky button is more like roulette if you're searching for something obscure, like "purple umbrellas", or something generic, like "pot roast recipes", because so many pages can seem equally relevant.
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Much of the time, Google does what you expect. Quotes, "and" and "or,"special sym-bols—they're all familiar from other search features you've probably used. But Google has two quirks worth noting: weird wildcards, and a ten-word query limit.
A lot of search engines let you use wildcards. Wildcards are special symbols—usually an asterisk (*) but sometimes a question qmark (?)—that you add to a term to indicate that you want the search to include variants of the term. The wildcard stands in for the possibilities. For example, it you're not sure whether the Culture Club singer was Boy George or Boy Gorge, you might search for Boy G* to see how other people have completed the word.
But Google doesn't let you include a wildcard as part of a word like that. Which, frankly, is a drag. (In programming circles, you may hear the partial-word wildcard called stemming.)
Google does, however, offer full-word wildcards. While you can't insert an asterisk for part of a word, you can throw one into a phrase and have it substitute for a word.
Thus, searching for "chicken with its * cut off" could find: "chicken with its head cut off,""chicken with its hair cut off,""chicken with its electricity cut off," and so on.
Tip: A single asterisk stands in for just one word. To set wildcards for more words, simply include more asterisks: "three * * mice" leads to "three blind fat mice," "three very tough mice," and so on.
The full-word wildcard is not as useful as the partial-word wildcard. But it can come in handy for filling in the blanks and when your memory fails. For example, you've always wondered exactly what Debbie Harry was singing in the first line of "Heart of Glass." You think it might have been "Once I had a lung and it was a gas," but you're not sure. Maybe it was "Once I had a lunch and it was a gas." Type in "Once I had a * and it was a gas"; Google gives you 416 links suggesting the lyric is actually "Once I had a love…." In short, the asterisk combined with quote marks can be good for finding quotations, song lyrics, poetry, and other phrases.
The full-word wildcard is also cool when you want the answer to a question. For example, If you're wondering how often Halley's comet appears, you can use the asterisk to stand in for your X factor by running this query:
Halley's comet appears every * years
If you type your query as a question ("How often does Halley's comet appear?"), then Google searches for instances of the question, which is a nice way to find other people with a thin knowledge of astronomy, but might not actually turn up the answer.
Tip: For a search engine that does allow partial-word wildcards, try AltaVista.
The Ten-Word Limit
Quite possibly, you've been using Google since Bill Clinton was president and you've never noticed that the site has a strict limit of ten words per search. Indeed, for most people, this limitation is not a problem. But if you're the type who likes to search for long phrases, it can be maddening.
For example, if you're looking for "There's a lady who's sure all that glitters is gold and she's buying a stairway to heaven", Google cuts you off after "gold."If that's a problem because, say, you want only instances of the whole sentence, or if you want to add additional query words ("live recording", for example), you can employ a couple of tricks to circumvent the limit.
Obscurity rules
You can get relevant results without wasting precious keywords by limiting your query to the more unusual keywords or phrase fragments you want to find. In this case, a query that included—
"glitters is gold" "buying a stairway"
—would probably keep you on track while conserving eleven words. If that doesn't fly, try adding words one or two at a time ("buying a stairway to heaven" instead of "buying a stairway").
Playing the wildcard
Google doesn't count wildcards as part of your ten-word limit. So the full-word wildcard, described above, can really help you out here. Just toss in wildcards for common words, and you're in business. For example—
"* * lady * sure * * glitters * gold * she's buying * stairway * heaven"
—looks strange if you're a person, but Google is a mess of computers, and it eats that query right up while saving you nine big keywords. This is a particularly good trick if you're looking for something with a lot of common words, like "year *, year *," or "easy *, easy *".
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Google search results are deceptively simple. Google lists the links from what it believes are most relevant to least relevant, and each link includes snippets of text from the page that included your search terms. Google uses a variety of factors to determine relevance; see page 3 for an explanation.
Each link also includes detailed, useful information—provided you know how to read it. For example, the cache you see as part of most results lets you view slightly outdated versions of those pages, which sounds unappealing but can be a huge benefit when the grail you're looking for is on a page that somebody has altered or removed from the Web. (Page 28 tells all about using the cache feature.)
Results pages also sometimes contain sponsored links (actually, ads), spelling suggestions, links to news stories, and other stuff that can help you focus your search. Figure 1-6 points out the components.
Google underusers overlook the many parts of a result, but the details are worth knowing about. Note that not every result includes all the possible components.
Interpreting your results is like conducting a basic search: You could spend your whole life never bothering to learn the details, but you'd be missing out on the true power of Google. And by knowing a few tricks, you can, over your life, shave years off your search time.
Your Actual Results
The pages that Google found for you—as opposed to those that somebody paid to have you see—are usually the most important results. Here's how a listing breaks down (Figure 1-6 reveals all the parts).
Tip: If you find the text in your Google results listing too small to read, squint no further: your browser lets you adjust the text size. On a Mac, try Cmd-(plus sign) or Cmd-(minus). On a Windows machine, try Ctrl+(plus) or Ctrl+(minus), or look for the menu item View→Text Size.
Page title
The first line of each result is a Web page title, usually descriptive, and hyperlinked to the actual page. Sometimes, if a page has no title or if Google has not yet indexed it, a URL appears instead. Either way, click the link to head over.
Text from the site
The next line or two gives you a few excerpts from the site, with your search terms in bold letters (Google tries to include the fragment with the most context, not just the first instance of your search terms on a page). Usually, this is the most important part of your results because it gives you a sense of the context in which your query appears and whether you want to click through or not. Often, the text itself can serve as the end of your search, especially if you're looking for a quick piece of information.
Next, Google serves up the Web address for that page. Sometimes, the URL is more revealing than the page title. For example, if you're looking for Café Canopy, the page title is"Shade Grown Bird Friendly Organic and Fair Trade Coffee from Tree…"—but the URL is simply www.cafecanopy.com. If your search words appear in the URL itself, Google displays them in boldface.
Tip: Sometimes, the reverseis true: The page titleis useful, but the URLislong and complicated…and dead. You can type a shorter version of the listed URL directly into your browser, which sometimes gets you to a live part of the same site. Working from the end of the URL, lop off sections after each slash (/). For example, if www.coca-cola.com/sodas/flavors/ideas.html doesn't work, try www.coca-cola.com/sodas/flavors/.
This number is the size, in kilobytes, of the text part the page. (If Google is aware of your site but hasn't yet indexed the text—as explained on page 3—it doesn't offer size data.) Of course, text is usually the least voluminous part of a Web page, so this isn't a reliable indicator of how long a site will take to load. Instead, think of it as a clue to the contents. If the page is just one or two kilobytes, and you're looking for detailed information, it may not be much help. On the other hand, if you're seeking out pages that have lists of links to other pages, look for pages of 20 K and up.
Occasionally, a result listing displays a date between the size and the Cached links. This date is the last time Google crawled the page—that is, the last time its automated software went around, confirmed that the page still existed, noted any changes since the last time it visited, and made a copy of it (explained next)—and Google shows the date for recently changed pages only. Google keeps track of over four billion Web pages, crawling each of them more than once a month. The date tells you how fresh that copy is, which can give you a clue as to whether it'll be helpful or not.
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{mospagebreak title=Cached and Similar Pages}
As Google tracks Web pages, it keeps copies of them on its servers in a repository called a cache. While the page title link takes you to the current site, the Cached link delivers you to the copy Google made when it recorded the page. Google rerecords most pages every few weeks. This time difference is significant because if a page has changed recently, you can still see a slightly older version, which might include the nugget you're looking for or some info you remember from a previous visit.
Note: Webmasters can set up a site so that Google won't cache it. As a result, you might not be able to reach a previous version of every page you find in a list of Google results. In such cases you simply won't see a cache link. For a discussion of setting up your site to ward off caching, see page 233.
Google's cache is also handy when a page you need has been deleted or its link is broken. Just click the Cached link, and Google takes you into its time machine. Figure 1-7 shows you what a cached page looks like.
Google's cache feature is notorious for bringing deleted Web pages back from the grave. For example, in early 2003, Microsoft accidentally published activation codes on its site that let people use its software. Googlers are still hailing the cache feature for helping them find those codes for a couple of weeks after Microsoft pulled down the offending pages.
The cache can save you not only when you're searching for something you recall seeing earlier or something you've heard somebody else wants to hide, but also when you've deleted a page from your own site by mistake. Just hit the Cached link, right-click the page to get the source code, copy it, upload it, and you're back in business.
But the cache isn't a cure-all for Web staleness. First of all, a cached page only lasts until Google rerecords the live page, usually every few weeks. Second, cached pages often include dead links. So if you're reading a hot article on a cached page, and it flows to a second page, clicking the Next Page link may get you nowhere. And third, sometimes Google updates the cache before it updates the snippet, so your result listing may include some text you want but that isn't even in the cache anymore. Consider yourself forewarned.
Tip: The Web Archive's Wayback Machine (http://web.archive.org) is a public archive of the Web. Unlike Google, however, it keeps track of Web sites in perpetuity—making it kind of a permanent cache. It's a great resource when you need to find a site that's been defunct for more than a few weeks and has therefore fallen off Google's radar.
Similar pages
The "Similar pages" link searches the Web for pages that fall into the same general category as that result (often, pages of a feather link to each other, which is part of how Google determines similarity). For example, the pages related to ConsumerRe-ports.org include ConsumerWorld.org, the site for the Better Business Bureau, and other consumer advocacy groups and agencies. Or, if you want to find a particular marathon training program, and you've clicked through to the New York Road Runners' site (www.nyrrc.org) to no avail, try "Similar pages" to get links to Runner's World, the Boston Athletic Association, and more. In short, similar pages is a really good way to find pages in a category, including those that don't necessarily contain your original keywords.
Indented results
When you run a search and Google finds more than one page with your terms within the same Web site, it lists what it thinks is the most important page first, and then it indents less relevant pages, as shown in Figure 1-8.
File format
Web sites often store documents that you can download by clicking a link. Google searches those documents—provided they're in any of twelve common formats—and tells you if something you're looking for is in such a file.
When your query matches words that Google finds in a formatted document, it lets you know by placing a little format marker before the page title, as Figure 1-9 shows.
Here's a list of the file types Google recognizes, along with their abbreviations (page 50 offers tips on searching for specific file types):
- Adobe Portable Document Format (pdf)
- Adobe PostScript (ps)
- Lotus 1-2-3 (wk1, wk2, wk3, wk4, wk5, wki, wks, wku)
- Lotus WordPro (lwp)
- Macromedia Flash (swf)
- MacWrite (mw)
- Microsoft Excel (xls)
- Microsoft PowerPoint (ppt)
- Microsoft Word (doc)
- Microsoft Works (wks, wps, wdb)
- Microsoft Write (wri)
- Rich Text Format (rtf)
- Text (ans, txt)
Note: PDF, Adobe's Portable Document Format,lets anyone—using any operating system—create documents that anyone else—no matter his or her operating system—can read. To read a PDF, you need Adobe's free Acrobat Reader program, which you can download from www.adobe.com, or Mac OS X's built-in Preview program.
But what if the page with your critical gem is a PowerPoint document, and you don't happen to own PowerPoint? You're in luck. Google not only keeps track of documents on the Web, it also converts them to HTML—a code your browser can read (see box on page 33)—and keeps a copy of the HTML for your viewing pleasure. Below the page title is the unassuming link, "View as HTML," which might as well be called "Life Saver." Just click the link, and in a split second, you're reading the file on your browser as a normal Web page.
The "View as HTML"link is also ideal when you don't want to spend half the morning waiting for a file to download and open. For example, if you want to view an Excel spreadsheet, your computer first has to open Excel, and then it has to download and open the actual spreadsheet file. Under the best circumstances, this process can take 10 or 20 long seconds. And if the file contains a lot of graphics, it can take a couple of semesters. Click the HTML link to bypass this morass, and you're reading the file immediately. (If the HTML version of a document appears in a font too small for you to read, look around your browser for a feature that lets you zoom in on a page, something like View→Text Size.)
Note: Sometimes the HTML version of a file appears super-scrambled. If that's the case, no harm, no foul: you can always go back and download the primary version. But if you don't have the right program to read it, you can probably glean most of the info you need from the scrambled HTML version.
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{mospagebreak title=The Things You Didn't Ask For}
Along the top and right side of a your results page Google gives you a handful of things you didn't explicitly ask for. But just because they're extra doesn't mean they're not useful. Figure 1-10 maps out the goodies.
Tip: At the top of a results page, above the search box, Google gives you links for the Web, Images, Groups, News, Froogle, and More. Google's standard search looks for your terms on the Web, but Google can also search other electronic collections for the same terms. Each link represents a different place Google can search; click one, and Google runs the same search there. For example, if you searched for organic coffee, and you're wondering what the plant looks like, try the Images link. (Chapters 3, 4, and 5 tell you all about Google's alternate searches.)
Up to Speed: What is HTML?
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, which sounds more complicated than it is.
In fact, HTML is a pretty simple system for encoding text or pictures so that Web browsers can read the informaton. For example, to make text on a Web page appear in bold, you'd put HTML tags around it, like this: <b>Beet juice makes a lousy cleaning solution.</b> And it would appear like this: Beet juice makes a lousy cleaning solution. (The <b> tag turns on bold formatting, and </b> turns it off.)
People create HTML code using word processors, browser-based composing features, and special software like Dreamweaver and Frontpage that automatically tags elements as you build a Web page. In the end, though, HTML ends up as plain text documents stored on computers connected to the Web. Your browser knows how to read these fies and display them with fancy formatting rather than ugly tags.
The summary bar
The summary bar has two important elements:
- Each word in your search, underlined. Click one, and Google takes you to the Dictionary.com page for that word, giving you a handy definition and pronunciation guide. You can use this feature, of course,just to get a definition—even if you don't care about the search results.
- An estimated number of results and the time it took Google to perform your search. People like to use the number of results as a measurement of something's popularity or importance, but given the vagaries of the Web and the idiosyncrasies of Google searches, Ouija boards might be more accurate. Still, that number is worth a glance when you're trying to decide whether to look through all 350,000 results or not.
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{mospagebreak title=Sponsored Links}
Sometimes, below the summary bar and along the right side of the page are short listings with small labels identifying them as Sponsored Links. "Sponsored link" is Google-ese for ads, and they are a big part of how Google makes its money. Part of Google's allure is that it clearly distinguishes these links from your regular results.
Here's how ads work: When you search for a keyword that somebody has paid to be associated with, Google displays their ad on the Sponsored Links list. On Google, ads always appear separate from your regular results, and they look different, too, as Figure 1-11 shows. These ads don't affect your results in any way. In fact, a lot of terms don't have any ads associated with them, so you won't always see ads.
If, for example, you search for Harry Potter books, your search results might include ads from BooksAMillion, Amazon, Buy.com, and a half dozen other places that sell Harry Potter books. If you search for just Harry, you get no ads. Figure 1-11 shows you another example.
Note: Neither Google nor the people who buy the ads are tracking your searches; they're simply displaying Web-based ads for anyone who searches for certain words.
A lot of the time, you can ignore the ads. But because they are associated with your specific search, sponsored links can be good resources, particularly if you're looking to buy something. Bear in mind that if Google has more than eight advertisers for your keywords, the sponsored links can change on successive results pages. You also might see different ads if you run the same search more than once. So if you're looking for something that might have a useful sponsored link, keep a close eye on them, since the one that might help you could be gone the next time you run the same search.
Note: Google's ad program is called AdWords, and advertisers pay only if somebody clicks through their ad. The cost per click varies from 50 cents to $50. If you're interested in placing your own ads on Google, Chapter 9 tells you everything you need to know.
Other things that can show up: news links and spelling suggestions
If you're looking for something timely—like the latest trial scoop on a deposed CEO—Google often gives you a link called something like, "News results for Martha Stewart," which takes you to Google's own news service. Clicking such links does the same general thing as clicking the News tab on the summary bar. Below that, Google gives you a few direct links for related news stories on media Web sites. (Google News is explained in depth in Chapter 3).
The other thing you might find under the summary bar is a big question in red letters: "Did you mean: xyz?"
XYZ is an alternate—sometimes corrected—spelling of your search terms (see Figure 1-12). For example, if you searched for "blue suede shoos," Google asks if you meant "blue suede shoes."(On the other hand, if you searched for "blue suede shoes," Google assumes you know what you're doing, and it doesn't offer another spelling.) If you click Google's suggestion, it runs your search again with the alternate spelling.
Warning: Because Google recognizes so many terms, it's not such a hot idea to use the feature for impromptu spell-checking, even when you don't care about the search results. For example, if you wanted to find out how to spell "careful," and you tried a misspelling that's not a word, like "cairful," you'd wind up in trouble: Google doesn't give you an alternate spelling.
The Stuff at the Bottom of the Results Page
The important links at the bottom of a Google results page, shown in Figure 1-13, are those that let you click through to the next page of results. The big blue arrow, the Next link, the number 2 (on the line labeled Result Page), the first "o"in the word Goooooogle, and the"le"at the end of the word all take you to the next page of results. Click each of the subsequent "o's" or any of the numbers under the looooooogo to jump ahead to that page of results.
At the bottom of the page, you get another chance to retype your query if your first attempt didn't work. Once again, you can narrow down your search by clicking the "Search within results" link, described on page 21.
Note: The Google logo at the bottom of the page grows extra "o's" when a search has more results. The maximum, however, is ten "o's," even if a search has more than ten pages worth of results. (Links to pages 11 and higher magically appear as you click through the first few pages).
Below the search box is a link with a question: "Dissatisfied? Help us improve." The link takes you to a form where you can tell Google what you were looking for, why you were disappointed, and whether you wanted to find a particular URL. You're not likely to hear back from the company, but they say they read their mail.
Gem in the Rough: When Misspelling Is Your Friend
Runnng a misspelled search can sometmes be to your advantage. Because anyone is free to misspell anything
the Web, a lot of pages can wind up left out of a search you check only the correct spellng. Proper names are particularly worth checking a few ways. For example, nearly 7,000 Web sites mention Arnold Schwarznegger, although the governator spells his name "Schwarzenegger."
And names that orginate in another aphabet (Hebrew, Arabic, Cyrillic) almost always have several valid translitera-tions. "Mohammed," for example, can be spelled dozens of ways in English. Unfortunatey, Google doesn't ofer alternate misspellings. If you search for Mohamed Atta, you get nearly 40,000 results and a suggestion for the spelling "Mohammed Atta." But if you search for Mohammed Atta, Google doesn't suggest "Mohamed Atta" or any other variation on the name.
The bottom line? If Google doesn't give you an additional choice, you have to get creative with spelling.
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{mospagebreak title=When Not to Use Google}
Google this, Google that. Is it always the best search engine? No. Here are some reasons to use other search sites:
- Google simply doesn't perform every search trick you might need. For example, it doesn't search for certain file types, like audio or video clips. If you want to find those, try AlltheWeb.com, AltaVista.com or Dogpile.com. And Google doesn't cluster results, either. Clustering is a hugely useful feature in which a search engine groups results by topic, as shown in Figure 1-14. Vivisimo.com is the clustering king. Nor does Google allow partial-word wildcards (page 24); try nearly any other search engine for that feature.
- Many sites perform deeper, more specialized searches than Google. For example, to find a person's email address, you could try typing his or her name into Google. But if you get back random results with no clear email connection, you might try MetaEmailSearchAgent, or MESA, at http://mesa.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/. MESA simultaneously queries the major Web-based email search engines, like WhoWhere and Switchboard.
Similarly, Google can be a quick way to find out what an acronym stands for. Or it can return a morass of confusing and unrelated results. For example, when you search Google for "PDQ", you get links for cancer-related sites, printing, yachts, phones, and something called "Touch Free vehicle washes." Even if you narrow it down by trying "PDQ stands for", you still get links about printing, dental work, catamarans, and the Physician Data Query. Pretty Damn Quick shows up, but it's hard to tell how meaningful that is. Acronym Finder (www.acronymfinder.com), on the other hand, generates a tidy list of possibilities, with the most common at the top (Figure 1-15).
- Some topic-specific directories are simply more fine-tuned than Google's regular full-text search. For example, you can click through the Google Directory to News→Newspapers→Regional→United States→California and come up with dozens of direct links to publications, plus subcategories for College, High School, Kern County, Los Angeles County, San Diego County, and a related category for Regional→North America→United States→California→News and Media.
But if you want more helpful subcategories and more papers, try NewsLink (http:// newslink.org), a directory for newspapers around the world. Under Newspapers→ By State→California, the site lists hundreds of papers grouped by Major Metro, Daily, Business, Non-Daily, Alterative, Specialty, Limited, Promotional, Campus, Association, and Inactive. The Glendale Gazette may be gone, but its memory lives on.
Still, Google has a ton of links for California papers, probably plenty for the average search. Which is a good example of why Google is nearly always a sound place to start, especially if you don't know where else to turn.
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Google has a handful of tricks up its sleeve. Here are six special and useful things you can do with Google—several of which even search-hounds tend to overlook.
When you can't remember what "sedulous" means, or you want to find out what a "wireless LAN" is, you don't have to bother opening the dictionary or calling your friendly neighborhood IT guy. Instead, Google can come to your rescue. Type define into the blank search box, followed by your term, like this—
define sedulous
—and then press Enter to have Google include a definition at the top of your search results. The definitions come from Web sites Google tracks.
If you want a list of definitions and no other results, type in define followed by a colon and your terms, with no spaces on either side of the colon, like this:
define:wireless LAN
You can also get a list of definitions by typing your term into the Google Deskbar (described on page 187) and pressing Ctrl+D (not available for the Mac).
Tip: If Google doesn't come up with a definition that helps you, or in rare cases, if it doesn't come up with one at all, try searching for your terms at www.OneLook.com, which aggregates definitions from nearly 1,000 dictionaries. That ought to do it.
This trick is extra cool: You can use the blank Google search box as a calculator. Just enter an equation, like 2+2, and then press Enter or Google Search to have Google tell you 2 + 2 = 4. For multiplication, use the asterisk (*), like this: 2*3. For division, use the slash (/), like this: 10/3. (Use the equal sign [=] at the end of your equation if you're worried Google might not realize your query is actually math.) You can also use the search box to perform unit conversions, like this: 5 kilometers in miles or how many teaspoons in a cup? For a chart listing of units of measure that Google can convert, check out Nancy Blachman's site, GoogleGuide, at www.googleguide. com/calculator.html.
The calculator works for simple equations and for seriously complex problems, too, like logarithms and trigonometric functions. You can find a rundown of its capabilities at www.google.com/help/calculator.html. And if you know what physical constants are, or the phrase "base of the natural system of logarithms"makes your heart pitter patter with joy, GoogleGuide does a terrific job of steering you through these features.
Tip: For a great alternativeinterface to Google's calculator, check out Soople at http://soople.com/soople_in-tcalchome.php. Page 56 tells you all about it.
Google provides a phonebook service, allowing you to look up a phone number and address (with corresponding map) for business or residential listings. You can make it work two ways, either as part of your regular results (with a cute phone icon in-dicating that something is a phonebook listing), or as a separate set of listings, both shown in Figure 1-16.
To have a single residential listing appear at the top of a regular results page, try typing any of the following into the Google search box:
- first name (or first initial), last name, city (state is optional)
- first name (or first initial), last name, state
- first name (or first initial), last name, area code
- first name (or first initial), last name, zip code
- last name, city, state
- last name, zip code
For a single business listing, typing in the company name along with city and state or zip code ought to do the trick.
Tip: You can also try an area code and phone number—business or residential—to get the name and address associated with it in Google's phonebook. There's no need to include any punctuation.
To get a page of nothing but phonebook listings, type the word phonebook followed by a colon, then a space, and then the name and state you want to look up. (Weirdly, you must capitalize the state abbreviation or Google doesn't recognize it, but you can't capitalize phonebook.) The phonebook listings give you only about 600 results, so if you're looking for a common name, add the city (if you know it) to narrow your search. Your query should look something like this:
phonebook: ansonia veterinary center NY
phonebook: ansonia veterinary center new york NY
You can also narrow your search by telling Google whether you want to search for business listings or residential listings only. To limit your search to residential listings, type rphonebook before the name and state. For business listings, use bphonebook. (If you don't specify one or the other, and your results have both types, Google gives you five of each and lets you pick which you'd like the full set for.)
Note: Google has a parallelservice, Google Local, that provides contactinformationfor businesses anywhere in the U.S. Unlike the phonebook feature, which requires you to know a name, Google Local works more like a Yellow Pages, letting you search by business type (eyeglasses, or bagels, or dog walkers) in a specific zip code or town. The results look similar to phonebook listings. Sometimes when you run a search even with a business name, you get results from Google Local—which has a compass logo rather than a phone icon. Page 59 explains more about the feature.
The phonebook trick has a few quirks:
- You can't use the minus sign to exclude terms. For example, if you want to find every New Yorker with the last name Doe except those with the first name John, you can't run a search rphonebook: doe -john new york NY.
- Wildcards don't work. If you've forgotten the exact name of a certain sports bar in Times Square, you can't throw in the asterisk to stand in for the word you're forgetting: bphonebook: espn * new york NY doesn't work. On the other hand, the same query without the wildcard (bphonebook: espn new york NY) gives you every establishment in the city with ESPN in the name, so you're good to go.
- You can't use OR to find listings in more than one state. For example, the query bphonebook: espn (NY OR NJ) gives you listings only in New Jersey (Google reads the rightmost part of your query). On the other hand, you can use OR with the name of a person or business. So if you want to find an array of chain restaurants in the heart of Manhattan, try bphonebook: (espn OR hooters) new york NY.
Tip: If you want to remove your listing from Google's phonebook, head over to www.google.com/help/ pbremoval.html, which provides a delisting form for residences and a snail-mail address to send delisting requests for businesses.
Street Maps
If you enter a U.S. street address, including city and state or zip code, Google usually tops your results with links to several maps.
Stock Quotes
If you enter a ticker symbol for a company or mutual fund listed on the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq, or the American Stock Exchange, Google begins your results with a link for that corporation or fund; when you click the link, Google takes you to a page with tabs of stock information from Yahoo Finance, Quicken, and other companies. You can enter one symbol, like this: msft (for Microsoft). Or several symbols, like this:
msft gm dis
If you don't know the ticker symbol for a company, try the full name. If Google recognizes it as a public company, it provides a link for stock quotes at the end of the result for that company (Figure 1-17).
Tip: Sometimes, adding the word company or corporation after the proper namein your query(like Microsoft Corporation) can prompt Google to recognize that you want stock info.
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{mospagebreak title=Patents, Tracking IDs, and Other Numeric Goodies}
Hardly anyone knows this, but Google lets you search for numbers on the Web. And not just any numbers, but specific tracking IDs, U.S. patent numbers, FAA airplane registration numbers, FCC equipment ID tags, universal product codes, maps by area code, and vehicle identification numbers. When it comes up with a match for your number, it shows you a special listing at the top of your results page, as in Figure 1-18.
The numeric service is new and includes just the quirky searches described above. Still, when you need to look up those numbers, this feature can save you a mess of clicking around the complex Web sites of delivery services and government agencies. Here's how to run the specific searches:
- UPS, FedEx, and U.S. Postal Service tracking numbers. Looking up package tracking numbers and finding out whether your Lands' End long underwear is stuck in a warehouse in Kentucky has long been a major benefit of the Web. The process just got easier. Simply type your tracking number in a blank search box, and Google provides a link to a Web page with your item's transit history.
- Patent numbers. If you look up patent numbers regularly, or ever, you know the US Patent and Trademark Office has a nice, thorough Web site that makes you jump through a lot of hoops to find a patent by number. Stave off a few gray hairs by using Google to look them up instead. Just preface the number with the word patent, like this: patent 5123123.
- Universal product codes (UPCs). For some basic information on consumer products, like their manufacturer, try looking up the UPC, like this: 036000250015 (no need to include UPC first). Most of the time, you can find UPCs under an item's barcode.
- Federal Communications Commission equipment ID numbers. If you're an engineer at a wireless phone company, and you want inside info on a competitor's product, check out the FCC's database. To get there, type fcc into Google, followed by the ID number, like this: fcc G9H2-7930.
- Flight numbers. Want to find out if your cousin's flight from Ottawa is on time? Check flight status by typing in the airline and flight number, like this: usair 50.
- Federal Aviation Administration airplane registration numbers. If you're the head of a startup airline, and you're considering buying a used plane from one of the big industry players, this feature is for you! Just type in the registration number directly, like this: n233aa, and Google gives you a link to the FAA site with some details about the manufacturer and history of that plane.
Tip: You can typically find airplane registration numbers on the tail of a plane.
- Vehicle identification numbers (VINs). If you're buying a used car, you can use the VIN to learn more about that individual auto's history (the VIN is usually on a small metal tag at the bottom edge of the windshield). Type in a number, like this: JH4NA1157MT001832, and Google provides a link to the Carfax info for that car.
- Maps by area code. Type in an area code, like 212, and the top of your Google results will include a link for a Mapquest map of that region. The maps generally cover a larger area than the area code, but they can give you a sense of whether 609 is in New Jersey or Idaho.
Note: If you'd like Google to add another type of number to its search service, let the company know: email@example.com Final Tip: Googling Google
If you find yourself staring at a Google feature you've never heard of before, or if you're wondering when they introduced the calculator, or if you want to know about getting a job at the company, head to the bottom of the home page or any search results page and click About Google.
The links on About Google take you to all four corners of the Google universe—if you can figure out where to look. Is the calculator under Web Search Features or Services & Tools? Half the time, it's easier to simply Google Google. There's a blank search box on almost every page within About Google, usually labeled "Search our site"or "Find on this site." When you run a search (calculator introduced) you get a regular page of Google results, complete with handy snippets. It's a terrific timesaver—letting your learn within seconds that the number-crunching feature debuted in the summer of 2003. Too bad they don't make Google for your life.
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subset: commoncrawl


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MIDDLEBURY — Nikolas Shashok, a senior at Middlebury Union High School, has been selected as a member of the 2013 NAfME All-National Honor Concert Band sponsored by the National Association for Music Education (NAfME).
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text:
College student Josh Goldberg created the Full Screen Mario site in HTML 5 so people could play the game in a web browser rather than on a games console.
But Nintendo has asked him to remove the content saying it infringes its "intellectual property rights".
The game is still operational.
Mr Goldberg, who admitted he did not get permission from
Nintendo to re-create the game, said he began the project in October
2012 as a computer programming exercise.
He "didn't care" about copyright issues because he "didn't think it would be a big project", he told the newspaper.
But after little initial interest the game is now receiving
300,000 unique visitors a day, Mr Goldberg claims, after Boing Boing's
Cory Doctorow blogged about it.
Unfortunately for Mr Goldberg, the site's popularity also brought it to the attention of Nintendo's lawyers.
"Nintendo's like Disney - it will not tolerate their
characters being used on anything," said Keza MacDonald, UK games editor
for IGN.com, the video game and entertainment site.
"Earlier this year Nintendo stopped people posting footage of
their games on YouTube, so this behaviour sounds entirely consistent."
At the bottom of the site's home page the site declares:
"Mario, Super Mario Brothers, and all associated games and media are
property of Nintendo and/or Nintendo of America Inc., and are protected
by United States and international copyright, trademark and other
intellectual property laws."
Super Mario Brothers was copyrighted by Nintendo in 1985, but under US law, corporate copyright lasts for 95 years.
Friday, November 8, 2013
Super Mario in-browser game is illegal :
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text:
Reagan Brinkley almost had it all—a great career, fun boss, all-access to the best parties in L.A.—and a work-from-home husband, Chris, who stayed up all night partying with her.
The only thing missing from Reagan's life was a kid. So after years of living their self-absorbed lives, Reagan and Chris (Christina Applegate and Will Arnett) decide to take the plunge into parenthood, which is where we meet them at the beginning of the engaging new sitcom "Up All Night" (9 p.m. Wednesday, NBC; 3 stars out of 4).
The series thankfully fast-forwards from pregnancy test to Reagan's first day back at work as producer of a daytime talk show called "Ava" (Maya Rudolph). Ava's hilariously oblivious to Reagan's plight as a new mom; actually, she's oblivious to a lot of things.
Although her Ava is just a supporting character, Rudolph steals every scene she's in. She's toned down her Oprah spoof from "Saturday Night Live," injecting just the right amount of silliness here. She's a riot.
Ava's presence assures that "Up All Night" won't fall into the habit of cute-baby stories, even though creator Emily Spivey ("Parks and Rec") does dip into the newborn jokes, with the parents suffering sleep deprivation and dirty diaper jokes. But sitcom vets Arnett and Applegate have no problem generating laughs from a running gag about trying to curb their cursing in front of the baby.
Spivey gives her stars so much better material stemming from the parents' self-doubt about everything from doing right by their daughter to still rocking a tight skirt (Reagan) to buying the right cheese at the overwhelmingly huge supermarket (Chris). They want to be responsible parents, but they also want to remain cool.
I know enough parents to know that's a fight to which many can relate.
While Rudolph makes Ava a comical workplace distraction in "Up All Night," the office gang from "Free Agents" (9:30 p.m. Wednesday, NBC; 1 star) is anything but funny.
Adapted from a British series of the same name, "Free Agents" stars Hank Azaria and Kathryn Hahn as co-workers who hook up but want to keep it secret from their co-workers. He cries after they have sex because he's recently divorced; she gazes longingly at dozens of photos of her dead fiance.
Alex and Helen try to remain pals at their public relations firm—she even helps him shop for a new look for a date—but they can't quit each other.
Azaria and Hahn, both of whom I have loved in other projects, have no chemistry here. Their castmates are given little good material while playing stereotypes like "the snarky assistant," "the smug womanizer," "the clueless boss" and the "horny nerd."
I'm not sure how long Alex and Helen will spew cheap laughs while dancing around the fact they belong together, but I won't be sticking around to find out.


text:
Recap: T. Bird
Captions: Pat Bridges
Most years, the last day of Superpark is mellow; a farewell to friends that you may not reunite with until the flakes start flying. Not today. Up on Mt. Bachelor, Oregon, Superpark played host to some of the most progressive and innovative days of all-time.
It was a bit of a late start, what with it being the last day and the riders were starting to feel the fatigue that accompanies four straight days of intense park shredding, but it picked up…and fast. The Seven Springs bottom jump saw myriad riders lapping through chucking their meat in every direction. Personaly, my two highlights were Sebastién Toutant landing a backside 1080 triple cork (yeah, triple cork) and Brendan Gerard hitting the monster in a Speedo. You see, that's the beauty of Superpark. The juxtaposition in which a guy like Seb Toots can session a jump with a dude wearing an article of clothing no bigger than a hand towel. Speaking of triple corks, have you ever heard of Mark Hoyt? Well, now you have, because Hoyt managed to land himself a frontside 1080 triple cork, placing himself in the elite ranks of riders like Toutant, Mark McMorris, Pat Burgener, and Torstein Horgmo, all Superpark attendees at some point in their career. Foreshadowing much?
The afternoon session was all about Breal today, as a ton of riders stood atop waiting to hit the plethora of walls, rails, redirects, gaps, and drops put together by Eric Rosenwald, Lane Knaack, and the Boreal crew. Bjorn Leines locked into some back lips, while other shredders like Jake OE hit the rail atop one of the walls, re-entering into the tight transition below. Desiree Melancon even showed up and session with the dudes, and Danimals made an appearance as well, finding unique lines in the setup. SNOWBOARDER Special Projects Design Director Mike Gonsalves had the most impressive line of the day with a frontside 180 up onto the deck of the rider's right wall, where he reverted back to regs and ducked under the rail, pushed off the wall and backside 360'd the drop. Dylan Alito, Yale Cousine, Luke Haddock, Garrett Warnick, Jaeger Bailey, Martin Ciszek, Durrell Williams, and many more rode the Boreal zone all afternoon as well, lapping through intermittently. The crowd exploded. The very last session of Superpark 16 Presented by Gatorade featured Scott Blum and Harrison Gordon trying to ride away from a few proper plants on the rider's left wall. At the end of the day (and the culmination of Superpark 16), both Harrison and Blum put one down. Harrison with an Andrecht and Blum with a frontside invert. It was a fitting sendoff to one of the best Superparks ever.
SNOWBOARDER would like to thank Tom Lomax and his crew at Mt. Bachelor, Oregon for helping the SNOWBOARDER staff in every way imaginable, Gatorade for once again supporting Superpark, Prinoth, manufacturer of the Prinoth Bison X, the official snowcat of Superpark 16, and Sunriver Resort for putting us up. Check the edits, because they're insane, and we'll see you all next year at Superpark 17.


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Visit our main website at www.StDavids.com
Rick Alan
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the white blood cells called helper T cells (CD4). These cells are part of the immune system. They fight off infections and disease. As a result, an HIV infection can leave you vulnerable to severe illnesses.
AIDS is a late stage of HIV infection. It reflects severe damage to the immune system. One or more opportunistic infections will also likely exist. Opportunistic infections are a type of infection that only occur in people with compromised immune systems.
HIV is spread through contact with HIV-infected blood or other body fluids. This includes semen, vaginal fluid, and breast milk. The infection may be the result of HIV-1 or HIV-2 virus.
AIDS is caused by the destruction of T cells. The destruction is caused by the HIV virus.
HIV destroys white blood cells vital to the immune system.
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
HIV is most commonly spread through:
Rarely, HIV can be spread through:
Factors that may increase your chance of HIV infection include:
HIV infection increases the chances of getting AIDS.
HIV may not cause symptoms for a number of years.
Early symptoms may appear 1-2 months after becoming infected. They may last a couple of weeks and be similar to the flu or mononucleosis. These include:
After these initial symptoms pass, there may be no symptoms for months to years. The following symptoms may occur over the years:
If left untreated, HIV infection progresses to AIDS. This may happen when the number of T helper cells fall below certain levels and opportunistic infections arise. People with AIDS are susceptible to many health complications. These may include:
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. To confirm a diagnosis of HIV infection, your doctor will run tests. These may include:
Medications can prevent, delay, or control the development of AIDS in many people infected with HIV.
Antiviral drugs are often given in combination. Categories of these drugs include:
People who have developed AIDS may be given other medications to help fight infections that are more likely to occur with a weak immune system. These may include antibiotics or antifungal medications.
To help reduce your chance of HIV infection:
If you are a health care worker or work in a correctional facility, take these steps:
If you live in a household with an HIV-infected person:
If you are infected with HIV, take these steps to prevent spreading HIV to others:
American Foundation for AIDS Research
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
AIDS Committee of Toronto
Canadian AIDS Society
2010 STD treatment guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment/2010/default.htm. Updated December 16, 2010. Accessed June 3, 2013.
Acute HIV infection. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed. Updated February 13, 2013. Accessed June 3, 2013.
Bailey RC, Moses S, Parker CB, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: A randomised controlled trial.
Gray RH, Kigozi G, Serwadda D, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: A randomised trial.
Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. AIDS Info website. Available at:
http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf. Updated February 12, 2013. Accessed June 3, 2013.
HIV/AIDS: The basics. AIDS info website. Available at:
https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/fact-sheets/19/45/hiv-aids--the-basics. Updated August 2012. Accessed June 3, 2013.
HIV infection. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed. Updated May 21, 2013. Accessed June 3, 2013.
HIV transmission risk. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/law/pdf/HIVtranmsmision.pdf. Accessed August 14, 2014.
Montaner JS. Treatment as prevention: A double hat-trick.
Lancet. 2011;378(9787):208-209.
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at:
Updated March 7, 2013. Accessed June 3, 2013.
Preventing transmission of HIV. AIDS info website. Available at:
https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/fact-sheets/20/48/the-basics-of-hiv-prevention. Updated August 2012. Accessed June 3, 2013.
Rey D, Krebs M, Partisani M, Hess G, et al. Virologic response of zidovudine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate combination in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43(5): 530-534.
Ross LL, Parkin N, Gerondelis P, et al. Differential impact of thymidine analogue mutations on emtricitabine and lamivudine susceptibility.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43(5):567-570.
Testing for HIV. AIDS info website. Available at:
https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/fact-sheets/19/47/hiv-testing. Updated August 2012. Accessed June 3, 2013.
3/8/2007 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed: Auvert B, Taljaard D, Lagard E, et al. Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: the ANRS 1265 Trial.
PLoS Med.
2/21/2008 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed: Mallal S, Phillips E, Carosi G, et al. HLA-B5701 screening for hypersensitivity to abacavir.
N Engl J Med.
6/11/2010 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed: Del Romero J, Castilla J, Hernando V, Rodríguez C, García S. Combined antiretroviral treatment and heterosexual transmission of HIV-1: Cross sectional and prospective cohort study.
10/8/2014 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed: British Association of Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) recommendations on testing for sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men. Available at: http://www.bashh.org/documents/BASHH%20Recommendations%20for%20testing%20for%20STIs%20in%20MSM%20-%20FINAL.pdf. Updated 2014. Accessed October 8, 2014.
Last reviewed June 2015 by David L. Horn, MD, FACP
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © EBSCO Publishing. All rights reserved.
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Part of the Group for Specialized Tactics, a Special Mission Unit under the direct command of the Joint Special Operations Command, the elite of the modern US Special Forces is better known by their battlefield legend. They are the untraceable soldiers called the Ghosts. Only the best of the best, soldiers with a unique mix of skills on and off the battlefield, ever get to wear the coveted Ghost insignia. In the near future, four of these elite soldiers serve as the tip of the spear in a hidden war raging across the globe. But even as Ghost Lead, Pepper, 30K, and Kozak accomplish their objectives, they discover the threat they face is greater than they ever imagined -- one that could alter the international balance of power forever.
Providing yet another new direction in the Ghost Recon series of military games, Ghost Recon: Future Soldier promises to go beyond the core Ghost Recon franchise and deliver a fresh gameplay experience. The game features cutting-edge technology, prototype high-tech weaponry, and state-of-the-art single-player and multiplayer modes.
The Signature Edition of Ghost Recon: Future Soldier includes a host of in-game items, including the Moscow Suburb Co-op Multiplayer Map, two In-Game Weapons, the Bonus Head Customization Mode, and a Limited Edition Penny Arcade Weapon Skin featuring Twisp and Catsby.
Also known as: Ghost Recon: Future Soldier, Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon 4: Future Soldier
Release Region: United States
Release Date: May 22, 2012
Publisher: Ubisoft
Release Region: United Kingdom
Release Date: Unreleased
Publisher: Ubisoft
Release Region: Australia
Release Date: Unreleased
Publisher: Ubisoft
Release Region: United States
Release Date: May 22, 2012
Publisher: Ubisoft
Also available on: Xbox 360
Tom Clancy's Ghost Rec... at IGN
Tom Clancy's Ghost Rec... at GameSpy
Tom Clancy's Ghost Rec... at GameStats


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Parent EmpowermentParent Empowerment provisions provide parents of pupils who are, or will be, enrolled in a low-achieving school that meets certain eligibility requirements the option to petition the Local Educational Agency (LEA) to implement reform in the school.
The Parent Empowerment Act enables parents and legal guardians who are dissatisfied with their children's struggling schools to voice their discontent and overhaul the structure and operations of their schools. The law creates a process which allows parents of students in low-performing schools to sign a petition to implement one of the intervention models – replacing all or some of the staff, turning the school over to a charter operator, transforming it through some programs, or closing the school altogether. This Web page highlights the topics and links to other sections which are of particular interest and provides information, resources and support to parents and guardians.
An Overview of Parent Empowerment
California Education Code (EC) sections 53300-53303 established the Parent Empowerment Act which was signed into law on January 7, 2010 and made effective on April 12, 2010.
The Parent Empowerment provisions (California Code of Regulations [5 CCR] sections 4800–4808) provide a parent of pupils who are, or will be, enrolled in a school that is not identified as a "persistently lowest-achieving school" pursuant to EC Section 53201 , but is subject to corrective action pursuant to paragraph (7) of Section 1116(b) of the federal Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (20 U.S.C. Section 6301 et seq.), continues to fail to make adequate yearly progress (AYP), and has an academic performance index (API) score of less than 800, the option to petition the LEA to implement a particular reform in the school.
The options to reform include, and are limited to, the four interventions identified in paragraphs (1) to (4), inclusive, of EC Section 53202(a) and the federally mandated alternative governance arrangement pursuant to Section 1116(b)(8)(B)(v) of the federal ESEA.
Frequently Asked
Questions (FAQ's)
FAQ's about Parent Empowerment provisions providing parents the option to petition reform in the school for pupils who are, or will be, enrolled in a low-achieving school.
Rights of Parents and
A brief description of the rights of parents and guardians.
Descriptions of Interventions
A Parent Empowerment petition requests the Local educational Agency (LEA) to implement one or more of four interventions.
Contents of a Parent Empowerment
California Code of Regulations, Title 5 (5 CCR) Section 4801 specifically addresses petition signatures for a Parent Empowerment petition.
Petitions Requesting a Charter
There are additional provisions for dealing with a petition that requests a charter restart.


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With the live-action, big-budget film "The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian" scheduled for release on Friday, May 16, a Hope College professor's book offers insights building on a key scene in "Prince Caspian," from C. S. Lewis's famous fantasy series.
With the live-action, big-budget film "The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian" scheduled for release on Friday, May 16, a Hope College professor's book offers insights building on a key scene in "Prince Caspian," from C. S. Lewis's famous fantasy series.
Dr. Peter Schakel of the Hope English faculty is the author of "Is Your Lord Large Enough? How C. S. Lewis Expands Our View of God," published recently by InterVarsity Press of Downers Grove, Ill. The book began with a Hope College chapel talk in 2001 and was extended and refined in a number of Senior Seminar courses at the college.
In "Prince Caspian," Aslan, the great Lion and Christ figure, says to the young girl Lucy, "Every year you grow you will find me bigger." Schakel's book uses that sentence as the starting point for an examination of how Lewis's writings provide help for readers seeking growth in their Christian lives through an expanding, deepening understanding of God.
The book stresses Lewis's role as a teacher in his Christian writings. Lewis is often praised as the most important Christian apologist - defender of the faith - of the 20th century. But Schakel argues that equally important in his Christian writings, he was a teacher, always seeking to help believers deepen their Christian formation and broaden their vision of God and the Christian faith.
In 12 chapters covering such areas of potential struggle as prayer, suffering, doubt and love, the book draws principles from Lewis's nonfiction works and shows how the subjects are explored also in the Chronicles of Narnia and his adult fiction.
The book is designed both for personal reading and for group discussions, with reflection questions concluding each chapter. Chapters on Lewis's life and his thought conclude the book.
"My motivation in writing this book was to pass on to others some of what I have found particularly helpful and valuable in what I have learned from Lewis," Schakel said.
"Publishers Weekly" has said that "Is Your Lord Large Enough?" is "A valuable summary of Lewis's thoughts on Christian living. Readers new to Lewis will find the book approachable, and longtime fans will find something new or be reminded of passages they love." Author and critic Marjorie Lamp Mead has praised the book as "an excellent overview of various ways that C. S. Lewis employs images--in both his fiction and nonfiction--to illuminate theological matters... an engaging work on aspects of Lewis's religious thought which is at once both instructive and devotional in nature."
A member of the faculty since 1969, Schakel began reading Lewis's works in the early 1970s as a Hope professor, and began teaching them in a freshman composition course that he taught in 1974. He has taught courses on Lewis regularly since then. He is the author of four books on Lewis's fiction, most recently "The Way into Narnia" (Eerdmans, 2005).
"Is Your Lord Large Enough?" is available at the Hope-Geneva Bookstore located on the ground level of the DeWitt Center and at other local bookstores.


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All Major Stations
www.scr.indianrailways.gov.in- 2015-06-08
In order to clear extra rush of passengers during the summer season, South Central Railway will run Eight summer Special Trains between Secunderabad and Patna; Tirupati and Secunderabad and Secunderabad and Mumbai CST as per the following schedule.
1) Special Train Between Secunderabad and Patna:Train No. 07091 Secunderabad-Patna Tatkal Superfast Special Train will depart Secunderabad at 08:35 hrs on 19thand 26th June, 2015 (Friday) and arrive Patna at 16:10 hrs on the next day. In the return direction, Train No. 07092 Patna-Secunderabad Superfast Special Train will depart Patna at 13:30 hrs on 21st and 28th June, 2015 (Sunday) and arrive Secunderabad at 21:10 hrs on the next day.
Enroute, these trains will stop at Kazipet, Peddapalli, Ramagundam, Mancheral, Bellampalli, Sirpurkaghaznagar, Ballarshah, Chandrapur, Sevagram, Nagpur, Katol, Pandhurna, Betul, Ghoradongri, Itarsi, Jabalpur, Katni, Satna, Manikpur, Cheoki, Mughal Sarai and Baxar stations in both the directions. These trains will comprise of 21 coaches viz., two AC II Tier, two AC III Tier, twelve Sleeper Class, three General Second Class, and two Second Class Luggage cum Brake Van Coaches.
2) Tatkal Special Trains Between Secunderabad and Tirupati: Tr. No. 07429 Secunderabad-Tirupati Tatkal Special train will depart Secunderabad at 19:15 hrs on 9thJune, 2015 and arrive Tirupati at 10:30 hrs on the next day. In the return direction, Tirupati-Secunderabad Tatkal special train will depart Tirupati at 15:45 hrs on 7th June, 2015 and Secunderabad at 04:20 hrs on the next day.
Enroute, these special trains will stop at Renigunta, Sri Kalahasti, Gudur, Nellore, Kavali, Chirala, Tenali, Vijayawada, Madhira, Khammam, Mahabubabad, Warangal, Kazipet, Zangaon, and Bhongir. These trains will comprise of 14 coaches viz., one AC II Tier, two AC III Tier, seven Sleeper Class, two General Second Class, and two Second Class Luggage cum Brake Van Coaches.
3) Special Trains Between Secunderabad-Mumbai: Tr. No. 07032 Secunderabad – Mumbai CST Tatkal Special train will depart Secunderabad at 07:15 hrs on 08th June 2015, depart Begumpet at 7:30 hrs and arrive at Mumbai CST at 23:00 hrs on the same day. In the return direction, train no: 07031 Mumbai CST-Seunderabad Special train will depart Mumbai CST at 00:20 hrs on 9th June 2015 and arrive Begumpet at 16:38 hrs and arrive Secunderabad at 17:00 hrs on same day.
These Special trains will stop enroute at Lingampally, Vikarabad, Tandur,Seram, Malkaid Road, Chittapur, Wadi, Solapur, Dohod, Pune, Lonavala, Kalyan, Thane and Dadar. These trains will comprise of 14 coaches viz., one AC II Tier, two AC III Tier, seven Sleeper Class, two General Second Class, and two Second Class Luggage cum Brake Van Coaches.
(M. Umashankar Kumar)
Chief Public Relations Officer
www.nfr.indianrailways.gov.in- 2015-06-02
Alipurduar Division of Northeast Frontier Railway is organizing various activities from 26.05.15 to 09.06.15 in connection with observance of the Railyatri / Upbhokta Pakhwada or Passenger / Customer Facilitation Fortnight. During this fortnight various programmes for creating awareness about passenger amenities being provided and road shows for safety awareness etc. amongst rail users are being organized. Moreover during this fortnight officials of the Division will interact with passenger / customer and inspect passenger amenity facilities at various locations.
During last one year new UTS (Unreserved Ticketing System) facilities have been provided at Tufanganj and Mardanga stations and new PRS (Passenger Reservation System) facilities at Sapatgram and Salakati stations of the Alipurduar Division. Passenger can now dial 182 for on-board security related problem and 138 for general help. These helpline numbers are equipped with call recording facility and are functional on 24 x 7 basis. Passenger can access these numbers mobile or land line. The NTES (National Train Enquiry System) App on Smart phones have been made available by Indian Railways. This has enabled Passengers to obtain on-line real time train running information without any human intervention. During last one year a number of other passenger amenities have been introduces /upgraded. Talk back system for passenger have been introduced at Nagrakata, Bamanhat, Odlabari and New Coochbehar ticket counters. CCTV cameras and Queue Management system have been introduced at the PRS counter of Alipurduar Jn. Pay & Use toilets have been provided at New Mal Jn. and Binnaguri stations. Bio-toilets have been provided in numerous coaches for keeping railway stations and track clean. Awareness amongst passengers is being created for not throwing non-biodegradable wastes such as plastic, glass etc. in toilet for smooth functioning of the Bio-toilets.
(Pranav Jyoti Sharma)
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NEW YORK -- "In the Heights," a bold new musical about Latinos in Upper Manhattan, captured an eye-popping 13 Tony nominations, and the critically praised revival of Rodgers and Hammerstein's "South Pacific" won 12 as the 62nd annual Tony Awards nominees were unveiled Tuesday.
"August: Osage County," the Pulitzer Prize-winning play about a dysfunctional Oklahoma family, captured seven nominations, followed by "The 39 Steps," a humorous reenactment of Alfred Hitchcock's classic film, which won six.
The awards, to be announced at Radio City Music Hall on June 15, featured a mixture of nominees for highly praised dramatic revivals such as "Macbeth" and "Les Liaisons Dangereuses," along with well-known musicals, such as "Gypsy" and "Sunday in the Park With George." A special Tony Award for lifetime achievement in the theater will be presented to Stephen Sondheim at the award ceremony, to be broadcast on CBS and hosted by Whoopi Goldberg.
But a new breeze was also blowing down the Great White Way, with "In the Heights" dominating the performance categories and seven nominations for "Passing Strange," a rock and blues-infused musical about a black musician from Los Angeles who sets off on a quest for artistic discovery in Amsterdam and Berlin. There were notable omissions in the nominations announced at Lincoln Center: The all-black revival of Tennessee Williams' "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof," a box-office hit starring Terence Howard and James Earl Jones, received no nominations, and "West Wing" creator Aaron Sorkin's "The Farnsworth Invention" also was passed over.
Two of the season's most expensive musical productions -- "The New Mel Brooks Musical Young Frankenstein" and Walt Disney's "The Little Mermaid" -- received only five nominations between them. Still, that was considered a minor victory since both had received the cold shoulder from many drama critics.
Several productions created in Southern California received nominations, including the musical "Cry-Baby," which originated at the La Jolla Playhouse; "A Catered Affair" from San Diego's Old Globe Theatre; and "Come Back, Little Sheba," first seen at Center Theatre Group's Kirk Douglas Theatre in Culver City.
The 2008 nominees for best new musical included "In the Heights"; "Passing Strange"; "Xanadu," a musical based on the 1980 cult classic film; and "Cry-Baby." For best new play, the nominees were Tracy Letts' "August: Osage County," Tom Stoppard's "Rock 'n' Roll," Conor McPherson's "The Seafarer" and Patrick Barlow's "The 39 Steps."
In the hotly contested race for best musical revival, the nominees are "South Pacific," "Gypsy," "Sunday in the Park With George" and "Grease." The contestants for best revival of a play are "Macbeth," "Les Liaisons Dangereuses," "The Homecoming" and "Boeing-Boeing."
The Tony nominees for best leading actor in a play are Laurence Fishburne in "Thurgood," Patrick Stewart in "Macbeth," Ben Daniels in "Les Liaisons Dangereuses," Mark Rylance in "Boeing-Boeing" and Rufus Sewell in "Rock 'n' Roll." For best actress, the nominees are Eve Best in "The Homecoming," Deanna Dunagan and Amy Morton for "August: Osage County," Kate Fleetwood in "Macbeth" and S. Epatha Merkerson in "Come Back, Little Sheba."
Nominees for best actress in a musical are Kelli O'Hara in "South Pacific," Patti LuPone in "Gypsy," Kerry Butler in "Xanadu" and Faith Prince in "A Catered Affair." The best actor category features Lin-Manuel Miranda for "In the Heights," the musician and writer Stew for "Passing Strange," Paulo Szot in "South Pacific," Daniel Evans for "Sunday in the Park With George" and Tom Wopat for "A Catered Affair."
Nominations for best featured actor in a play went to Bobby Cannavale for "Mauritius," Raul Esparza for "The Homecoming," Conleth Hill and Jim Norton for "The Seafarer" and David Pittu for "Is He Dead?" The featured actress nominations went to Sinead Cusack in "Rock 'n' Roll," Mary McCormack in "Boeing-Boeing," Laurie Metcalf in "November," Rondi Reed in "August:" Osage County" and Martha Plimpton in "Top Girls."
In the musical category, the nominees for best featured actor are Daniel Breaker for "Passing Strange," Danny Burstein in "South Pacific," Robin De Jesus for "In the Heights," Boyd Gaines for "Gypsy" and Christopher Fitzgerald for "Young Frankenstein." Featured actress nods went to de'Adre Aziza in "Passing Strange," Olga Merediz for "In the Heights," Andrea Martin in "Young Frankenstein," Laura Benanti in "Gypsy" and Loretta Ables Sayre in "South Pacific."
The nominations for best director of a play went to Maria Aitken for "The 39 Steps," Conor McPherson for "The Seafarer," Anna D. Shapiro for "August: Osage County" and Matthew Warchus for "Boeing-Boeing." In the musical category, the nods went to Arthur Laurents for "Gypsy," Bartlett Sher for "South Pacific," Thomas Kail for "In the Heights" and Sam Buntrock for "Sunday in the Park With George."
Other special awards announced Tuesday included the annual Regional Theatre Tony Award, for Chicago's Shakespeare Theater, and a special award for the late Robert Russell Bennett, a highly praised orchestrator who worked on the original "South Pacific," among many other productions.
A full list of nominees is at latimes.com/arts.


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AN Abingdon GP has recounted the titanic struggle between three empires during the opening stages of the First World War in Eastern Europe.
Dr Prit Buttar spent a year poring over archives in Berlin, Vienna and Freiburg before starting work on Collision of Empires: The War on the Eastern Front in 1914.
The 488-page book charts the sweeping opening moves between the German, Austro-Hungarian and Russian forces over the vast expanses of Eastern Europe in 1914 in which hundreds of thousands of men died.
Dr Buttar, 54, who works at Abingdon Surgery, in Stert Street, said: "The Eastern Front is an overlooked theatre of war, but the battles were every bit as huge and costly as those on the Western Front.
"It was also a very different war. We are used to pictures from the First World War of entrenchments and barbed wire entanglements, but the Eastern Front was a war of movement.
"For example there is a German unit which marched across Poland twice before the first Christmas."
The multi-lingual doctor said he translated foreign sources thanks to O-Level German he learned in 1970 and with the help of fellow historian Oleg Dovshenko, a military enthusiast he got in touch with online.
Dr Buttar said Collision of Empires is the first in a series about fighting on the Eastern Front, and he has already researched up to June 1915 for its sequel.
He said: "My Russian is a bit ropey but with the help of friends I can get by. With it being an older war the advantage is that a lot of the books are out of copyright, but it was so long ago tracking some down was tricky.
"It was a fascinating time to research. There are extreme characters that came to my attention.
"The war in the east was the end of the 19th century with aristocratic and romanticist ideals and then the Bolshevik Revolution."
It is the third book the doctor has written after two about the Second World War – Battleground Prussia and Between Giants – were published.
Dr Buttar said: "It was nice to move away from the Nazi era and the horrors that go with it.
"I had a wish to research a completely different era.
"It was when I started reading about it that I realised that the two wars were separated by a generation, but they seem a century apart."
Dr Buttar is married to an Army nurse, Debbie, and is father to Dan, 24, an officer in the Royal Navy, and Lottie, 21, who has just finished studying history at the University of Cambridge.
- Collision of Empires, which costs £20, has been published by Osprey Publishing & Shire Books and is available from bookshops or online at ospreypublishing.com
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- Veterans remember soldiers who died at Battle of Passchendaele


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Just a little status update - my package was recieved by AFA last week. They sent an email alerting me to its arrival. This morning, I recieved another mail confirming its return shipment. True to their word, they turned it around in 4 business days.
And they don't tell you the grade in the email? Weird. Guess it allows the suspense to build (or time of separation to increase if it's an AFA45).
Cool. Bring it along to show Fish and I on Wednesday night!
I shall bring it along for the Meeting of the Matts.
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