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Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy
Guide to Greene County, Pennsylvania ancestry, family history and genealogy in courthouse sources including birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, wills, deeds and land records, Civil War records, Revolutionary War records, family histories, cemeteries, churches, tax records, newspapers, and obituaries.
|Greene County, Pennsylvania
Location in the state of Pennsylvania
Location of Pennsylvania in the U.S.
|February 9, 1796
|County Seat
| Greene County Courthouse
93 East High St.
Waynesburg, PA 15370
Greene County Website
- 1 Greene County Pennsylvania Historical Facts
- 1.1 Description
- 1.2 Boundary Changes
- 1.3 Records Loss
- 1.4 Bible Records
- 1.5 Biographies
- 1.6 Cemeteries
- 1.7 Census
- 1.8 Church Records
- 1.9 Court Records
- 1.10 Emigration and Immigration
- 1.11 Ethnic Groups
- 1.12 Gazetteers
- 1.13 Genealogy
- 1.14 History
- 1.15 Land and Property
- 1.16 Maps
- 1.17 Migration
- 1.18 Military
- 1.19 Naturalization and Citizenship
- 1.20 Newspapers
- 1.21 Occupations
- 1.22 Periodicals
- 1.23 Poorhouse, Almshouse
- 1.24 Probate Records
- 1.25 Repositories
- 1.26 Taxation
- 1.27 Vital Records
- 2 Greene County Pennsylvania Genealogy Websites
- 3 Greene County Pennsylvania Places
- 4 Greene County Pennsylvania Genealogy References
Greene County Pennsylvania Historical Facts
Parent Counties: Formed from Washington County 9 February 1796.[2]
County Seat: Waynesburg
Neighboring Counties: Greene County residents may also have records in:[3]
- Washington
- Fayette
- Marshall County, West Virginia
- Wetzel County, West Virginia
- Monongolia County, West Virginia
The county was named for General Nathanael Greene. It's county seat is Waynesburg. It was organized February 9, 1796. It is located in the Southwest corner of the state.[4]
Boundary Changes
- 27 January 1750: Part of Cumberland County.
- 9 March 1771: Became part of Bedford County when it was created from Cumberland County.
- 26 February 1773: Part of Westmoreland County when it was formed from Bedford County.
- 28 March 1781: Part of Washington County when it was created from Westmoreland County.
For animated maps illustrating Pennsylvania county boundary changes, "Rotating Formation Pennsylvania County Boundary Maps" (1673-1878) may be viewed for free at the MapofUS.org website.
Records Loss
There is no known history of courthouse disasters in this county.
Bible Records
- Samuel P. Bates Biographical History of Greene County, 1888 at Greene County, Pennsylvania USGenWeb Archives
|Tombstone Transcriptions Online
|Tombstone Transcriptions in Print
|List of Cemeteries in the county
|Family History Library
|PAGenWeb Archives
|Tombstone Photos
|Pennsylvania Genealogy
|Access Genealogy
|BillionGraves (name)
|See Pennsylvania Cemeteries for more information.
Additional Cemetery Resources
For tips on accessing Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Federal (or United States) census records online, see: Pennsylvania Census.
There are no county or state census records available for Pennsylvania. County and city tax records can be used as a substitute when census records are not available.
Church Records
Church records and the information they provide vary significantly depending on the denomination and the record keeper. They may contain information about members of the congregation, such as age, date of baptism, christening, or birth; marriage information and maiden names; and death date. In Pennsylvania, church records are often used as a substitute for birth, marriage, and death information. For general information about Pennsylvania denominations, view the Pennsylvania Church Records wiki page.
Finding Church Records at Other Repositories
Additional church records can sometimes be found using search phrases such as Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Church Records in online catalogs like:
- Historical Society of Pennsylvania
- WorldCat (For instructions see WorldCat Online Catalog).
- FamilySearch Catalog (For instructions see FamilySearch Catalog Place-name Search).
County-wide Database - Multi-denominational
- 1708-1985 Pennsylvania, Church and Town Records, 1708-1985 at Historical Society of Pennsylvania – $, free to members of the society; Also available at Ancestry.com – $; 7,542,774 entries. This database is incomplete for all counties.
- "100 Years of the Pittsburgh Catholic Diocese 1843–1943," Western Pennsylvania Genealogical Society Quarterly, Vol. 17, No. 1. FHL Book 974.8 B2wg. Chronology, map, county-by-county information.
The Baptist appear to be the earliest denomination in Greene County. Organized in 1773, the Goshen Baptist Church with thirty members by the Reverend John Corbly.[5]
Organized by Reverend Thomas Hudson, Methodists organized in the Carmichaels area in 1784. In 1793 a log church was built for services.[5]
With heavy migration of Scotch and Scotch-Irish into Greene County, the Presbyterians established churches as early as 1775.[5]
Protestant Episcopal
Because of the location of Greene County, many settlers were from Virginia and Maryland. These settlers brought their Anglican faith with them. However, after the American Revolution the Anglicans were reformed into Protestant Episcopal Churches.[5]
Court Records
Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy court records are housed at the Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Courthouse. For many counties copies of court records may be found at the Pennsylvania State Archives and in the FamilySearch collection. Note that within these collections some films may contain the same records, but have different titles. Other titles are not duplicates. See Finding Court Records at other repositories within this section for links to the online catalogs for these two collections. Films at the Pennsylvania State Archives are not available for inter-library loan. If court records are available FamilySearch films may be available at a local Family History Center. Call ahead for availability.
Court of Common Pleas
The Courts of Common Pleas are the trial courts of Pennsylvania. Major civil and criminal cases are heard in these courts. Judges also decide cases involving adoption, divorce, child custody, abuse, juvenile delinquency, estates, guardianships, charitable organizations and many other matters. The Common Pleas courts are organized into 60 judicial districts. Greene County has its own judicial district. Judges of the Common Pleas courts are elected to 10-year terms. A president judge and a court administrator serve in each judicial district.[6]
Clerk of the Court
The Clerk of Courts prepares and maintains the records for the Criminal Division of the Court of Common Pleas. The Clerk signs and affixes the Seal of the Courts to all writs and processes, administers oaths and affirmations, and assumes custody of the seal and records of the Courts. The Clerk certifies and distributes orders of the Court. The Clerk also certifies and prepares bills of costs for the defendants and utilizes the computerized financial management system to disburse fines, costs and restitution.[7] For the Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Clerk of Courts address see the Courthouse section on this page.
The Clerk of Court's Office encompasses the criminal, juvenile and orphans' divisions of the Court of Common Pleas.
The office of the Prothonotary is the custodian of all civil matters in the county. This includes naturalization, immigration, equity actions, judgements, federal and local tax liens, city liens, family court, arbitrations, license suspension appeals, appeals to higher court, commercial code filings, applications for passports and divorce proceedings. See the Courthouse section on this page for the Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Prothonotary office information.
The Prothonotary is the keeper/clerk of the records of the Court of Common Pleas civil division.
Orphans' Court
See Vital Records
The Orphans' Court is responsible for a wide range of matters. The name of the Court is derived from the more general definition of "orphan," that being a person or thing that is without protective affiliation or sponsorship. This would include those not capable of handling their own affairs, minors, incapacitated persons, decedents estates, nonprofit corporations and trusts. It is the role of the Court to ensure that the best interests of the person or entity are not compromised.
It is believed the name of this court was borrowed from the Court of Orphans of the city of London, England which had the care and guardianship of children of deceased citizens, in their minority.[8]
For Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Orphans' Court contact information see the Courthouse section on this page.
Finding Court Records at Other Repositories
Additional court records can sometimes be found using search phrases such as Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Court Records in online catalogs like:
- Historical Society of Pennsylvania
- WorldCat (For instructions see WorldCat Online Catalog).
- Do a Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Place-name search for these and other records in the FamilySearch Catalog (For instructions see FamilySearch Catalog Place-name Search).
Emigration and Immigration
For information about emigration into Pennsylvania, see the Pennsylvania Emigration and Immigration page.
Ethnic Groups
Greene County was claimed by both Virginia and Pennsylvania until the Mason-Dixon Line was finalized in 1763-1767.[9] The county was named for General Nathanael Greene, major general in the American Revolutionary War.
Published Histories
- Over 950 fully-searchable books and published works covering much of Pennsylvania have been posted online at Historic Pittsburgh, hosted by the University of Pittsburgh's Digital Library
Land and Property
Land records in Greene County began in 1796. These records are filed with the Register and Recorder office in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania.
Land and property records can place an ancestor in a particular location, provide economic information, and reveal family relationships. Land records include: deeds, abstracts, indexes, mortgages, leases, grants, sheriff sales, land patents, and maps. Property records include liens as well as livestock brands and estray records.
The following are examples of available resources:
Online Land Records
- 1950–present Greene County Recorder of Deeds offers online access to records. Fees apply.
Online Land Record Abstracts
- Warrantees of land in the County of Greene, 1795-1894, 40 -Vol. XXVI, 3rd Series at Greene County, Pennsylvania USGenWeb Archives
Land Records on Microfilm
- 1796–1941 Deed Books, 1796-1888; Index, 1796-1941. FHL film 864505 (first of 39 films)
- 1796–1948 Mortgage Index FHL film 857255–857263
- MacInnes, Sharon Cook and Angus MacInnes. Early Landowners of Pennsylvania: Atlas of Township Warrantee Maps of Greene County, PA. Apollo, Pennsylvania: Closson Press, 2005. FHL book 974.883 R2m
Note that the "Maps" section below includes maps related to land ownership.
Additional Resources
See Pennsylvania Land and Property for more information about using land records, especially about original land warrants, surveys, and patents filed at the state land office.
Additional resources can sometimes be found using search phrases such as Greene County Pennsylvania Land in online catalogs such as:
- Historical Society of Pennsylvania
- WorldCat (For instructions see WorldCat Online Catalog.)
- FamilySearch Catalog (For instructions see FamilySearch Catalog Place-name Search.)
- Maps of Pennsylvania (1673-1878)
- Ancestor Tracks offers an Atlas of Township Warrantee Maps of Greene County and a Companion Scans of Township Warrantee Maps CD ($). They show precise outlines in metes and bounds of each original tract and all surrounding tracts in the township, giving the names of the warrantee and patentee; dates of the warrant, survey, and patent; and the patent and survey book and page of the recorded patent.
- Images from the 1876 Caldwell's Atlas of Greene County have been posted online by Jan Slater
Revolutionary War
Men living in what is now Greene County (then Washington and Westmoreland counties) served in the 8th Pennsylvania Regiment.[10]
Naturalization and Citizenship
Naturalization records can contain information about immigration and nativity. Prior to 1906, it is rare to find the town of origin in naturalization records. See Pennsylvania Naturalization for more information about the types of records and availability.
Naturalizations granted at the county level were kept by the office of the Prothonotary. Naturalizations could also be granted on the Federal Court level.
Original Naturalization Records on Microfilm
- 1802–1937 Naturalization index FHL Films 1378507 Item 2–1378508 – card index A–S, S–Z
- 1927–1956 Naturalization in the Court of Common Pleas of Greene County, Pennsylvania FHL Film 1378507 item 1 – card index of persons admitted
Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy newspapers may contain genealogical value including obituaries, births, marriages, deaths, anniversaries, family gatherings, family travel, achievements, business notices, engagement information, and probate court proceedings.
To access newspapers, contact public libraries, historical/genealogical societies, college or university libraries, or state archives in the area where the newspaper was published.
For information on state-wide newspapers see Pennsylvania Newspapers
Newspapers of Greene County, Pennsylvania
- Pennsylvania Newspapers
- Chronicling America US Newspaper Directory
- Greene County Messenger (Current)
- Observer-Reporter (Current)
- Democrat Messenger (1931-1958)
- Waynesburg Republican (1859-1933)
Online Newspapers
To learn if there are newspapers online for a specific town or city in Pennsylvania, see news.google.com/newspapers and search for the town or the name of a newspaper.
Online Newspaper Abstracts
- PA-Roots Newspaper Articles for Greene County.
Obituaries are generally found in local newspapers where the person died. However, sometimes an obituary is found in the location from which he or she originated. To find an obituary, see the information under the Newspaper heading
|Sometimes the fastest way of finding obituaries is to call or email the local public library in the area where the person died. If the library does not have newspapers, a librarian often will know where they are kept. If a death date is known, and the newspapers are at the library, someone on staff will usually make a search for a small fee, or will indicate someone who will do the search.
Online Obituary Abstracts
- PA-Roots Obituaries for Greene County.
- Greene County Obituaries at Greene County, Pennsylvania USGenWeb Archives
Obituary Index
- Morgan, Yvonne L. Blair, Index of Census, Newspaper Obituary Files and Microfilm : Fayette, Green, Washington & Westmoreland counties (Apollo, Pennsylvania:Closson Press, c2003) FHL book 974.88 V42m
Indentured Servants
Poorhouse, Almshouse
Probate Records
Probate matters in {{{1}}} County are handled by the Orphans' Court and start when the county was created.
In addition to wills and administrations, the Orphans' Court also handles: audits of accounts of executors, administrators, trustees, and guardians; distribution of estates; appointments of guardians; adoptions; appeals from the Register of Wills; inheritance tax appeals, and various petitions and motions.
Online Probate Indexes
- Greene County Wills and Estate Records at Pennsylvania USGenWeb Archives
- 1683 - 1993 Pennsylvania Wills and Probate Records 1683-1993 at Ancestry.com — index and images $
Online Probate Records
Original probate records for some Pennsylvania counties are available free online as digital images at FamilySearch.org. The dates vary significantly for each county and not all counties are listed. Some counties may only have probate indexes. This Pennsylvania collection of images may be browsed through the links listed below:
Complete Collection:
- 1683-1994 Pennsylvania, Probate Records, 1683-1994 at FamilySearch.org.
Greene County Only:
Probate Record Abstracts
Original Probate Records on Microfilm
- 1796–1918 Will Books FHL film 864501 (first of 9 films) - each volume indexed, includes letters of administration
- 1796–1967 Index to Wills and Estates FHL film 864501 (first of 9 films)
- 1797–1869 Orphans' Court Dockets and Accounts FHL films 861089–861096
- 1797–1949 Orphans' Court Docket Index FHL films 861089–861090
Additional Probate Indexes and Abstracts
Additional probate indexes or abstracts can sometimes be found using search phrases such as Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy probate wills in online catalogs like:
- Historical Society of Pennsylvania
- WorldCat (For instructions see WorldCat Online Catalog).
- FamilySearch Catalog (For instructions see FamilySearch Catalog Place-name Search).
- The Pennsylvania Archives collection contains county archive records that can be searched onsite. Currently the Archives' staff cannot provide research or make copies of these records. Their collections include Almshouse Registers; Tax records; Birth, Death and Marriage Indexes and Records; Midwife records; African American records; Wills; Deeds; Naturalizations; Coroner's inquests; and Orphan's Court dockets. A list of the Archive's county holdings are on Microfilm or Manuscript form.
- National Archives at Philadelphia
14700 Townsend Road
Philadelphia, PA 19154-1096
Phone: 215-305-2044
Fax: 215-305-2052
- Greene County Courthouse
10 East High Street
Waynesburg, PA 15370
Phone: 724-852-5280
- Clerk of Court/ Orphan's Court
1st Floor
Phone: 724-852-5281 or 724-852-5282
- Prothonotary
1st Floor
Phone: 724-852-5288 or 724-852-5289
Family History Centers
Family history centers provide one-on-one assistance and free access to premium genealogical websites. In addition, many centers have free how-to genealogy classes. See family history center for more information. Search the online FHC directory for a nearby family history center.
Family History Centers (FHCs) are branches of the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah, and are located all over the world. Their goal is to provide resources for family history research.
The main FHC for Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy is the Washington Pennsylvania Family History Center. For additional nearby Family History Centers, search online in the FHC directory.
MeKeesport Regional History & Heritage Center
1832 Arboretum Drive
McKeesport, PA 15132
Phone: 412-678-1832
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
The heritage museum is free and open to the public. The McKeesport research center has newspapers and records related to the local schools, churches, organizations, and businesses. The research center is free for members. Check website for non-member fees.
- Greene County Historical Society & Museum
918 Rolling Meadows Road
Waynesburg, PA 15370
Phone: 724-627-3204
Email: email@example.com
- 1798 - Pennsylvania, U.S. Direct Tax Lists, 1798 at Ancestry ($).
Vital Records
Vital records are handled by the County Orphans' Court. Between the years 1852-1855 Pennsylvania made a failed attempt to record birth, marriage and death events at the county level. While the records for that time period are available, there were few events recorded. County marriage records were kept in earnest in 1885. Births and deaths, at the county level, were begun in 1893 and kept through 1905. Abstracts and copies of vital records are available for some counties, but most are incomplete. For the most complete set of records, always contact the County Orphans' Court.
See also How to order Pennsylvania Vital Records
Early births 1893–1915 are located at the County Courthouse. See the heading Court Records on this page for contact information.
Beginning in 1906 Pennsylvania birth records are available through the Department of of Health. Birth records become public after 105 years. A statewide index is available. Once an individual is located in the index a certificate can be obtained by writing to:
Division of Vital Records
Attn: Public Records
P.O. Box 1528
New Castle, PA 16103
Check website for cost.
Birth Records
- 1726-1930 Pennsylvania, Births and Christenings, 1709-1950 - free index. Not complete for all years. This index is an electronic index for the years 1726 to 1930. It is not necessarily intended to index any specific set of records. This index is not complete for any particular place or region. This collection may include information previously published in the International Genealogical Index or Vital Records Index collections.
- 1893-1903 Greene County 1893-1903 Birth Register at Greene County, Pennsylvania USGenWeb Archives
- 1893-1915; 1893-1968 Register of Births, 1893-1915; Index to Birth Dockets, 1893-1968 FHL films 1319621–1319622
- 1894-1915 Births Available at the Pennsylvania State Archives and through local Family History Centers.
- 1901-1902 Greene County Birth Index 1901-1902 in International Genealogical Index at FamilySearch - free. Batches C543601 and C543602.[11]
Greene County marriages are maintained at the county courthouse. Greene County began recording marriages in 1885 although some registrations took place from 1852–1854. Marriage licenses are all digitally archived and copies can be requested through the mail. Marriage licenses from 1885 are available at the courthouse.
- 1626-2016 - Pennsylvania, United States Marriages at FindMyPast — index $
- 1677-1950 Pennsylvania Civil Marriages, 1677-1950 at FamilySearch — index and images
- 1700-1821 Pennsylvania Marriage Records Ancestry.com – ($) This database is incomplete for all counties.
- 1725-1976 Pennsylvania, Marriages, 1709-1940 - free index. Not complete for all years. This index is not necessarily intended to index any specific set of records. This index is not complete for any particular place or region. This collection may include information previously published in the International Genealogical Index or Vital Records Index collections.
- Pre-1810 Pennsylvania Marriages Ancestry.com – ($) This database is incomplete for all counties. Includes 35,000 marriage records from vol. VIII of of the second series of the Pennsylvania Archives.
- 1852-1854 Pennsylvania Marriages Ancestry.com – ($) Index with images
- 1885-1950 Pennsylvania County Marriage, 1885-1950 Extracted marriage records – free. Most of the records consist of marriage licenses, certificates, applications, docket books, and affidavits. This database is incomplete for all counties. May also contain marriage records earlier than 1885.
- 1885-1916 Index to Marriage License Dockets, 1885-1976 (Greene County, Pennsylvania) – FHL film 1319627 (first of 8)
- 1887-1916 Greene County Marriage Index 1887-1916 in International Genealogical Index at FamilySearch - free.[12]
- 1947-2010 Pennsylvania Obituary and Marriage Collection, 1947-2010 at FamilySearch — index and images
- List of marriage records from docket book of Jay Thompson, Justice of Peace at Carmichaels, PA – Transcribed by Debbie Ovechka, Pennsylvania Genealogy Trails
- Greene County PA marriages, a PDF file of marriages taken from various newspapers and other sources
Divorce records are available through the office of the Prothonotary. The office of the Prothonotary is located in the courthouse building.
Greene County began recording deaths in 1893 although some were recorded from 1852–1854. These records are available in the County Courthouse in Waynesburg. You may request a death record from the Clerk of Courts.
- 1852-1854 Pennsylvania Deaths Ancestry.com – $ Index with images
- 1893-1915 Registration of Deaths FHL films 1319626–1319627 These county death records were microfilmed by FamilySearch. They are available through Family History Centers.
- Greene County PA Death Records, Pennsylvania Genealogy Trails – taken fromThe Greene Hills Echo, Published by the Greene County Historical Society - Transcribed by Debbie Ovechka
- 1893-1915 Greene County Death Register 1893-1915 at Greene County, Pennsylvania USGenWeb Archives
- 1901-1915 Greene County Death Index 1901-1915 in International Genealogical Index at FamilySearch - free.
- 1947-2010 Pennsylvania Obituary and Marriage Collection, 1947-2010 at FamilySearch — index and images
Pennsylvania death certificates become public records after 50 years. An annual index is released by the Pennsylvania Department of Health. Records less than 50 years old are kept by the Division of Vital Records and are not public certificates. Only certain people can request a non-public death certificate. To order a non-public representative you must be:
- Legal representative of decedent's estate
- Immediate family member
- Extended family member who indicates a direct relationship to the decedent
- Power of Attorney (Please note that a Power of Attorney document is no longer valid upon the death of the individual)
See the Pennsylvania Department of Health website to obtain a copy of a non-public death certificate. Visit website for cost.
Indexes for Pennsylvania public death records are available online through the Department of Health for 1906 through 1961. Once an individual is located in the index a certificate can be obtained by writing to:
Division of Vital Records
Attn: Public Records
P.O. Box 1528
New Castle, PA 16103
Finding Vital Records at Other Repositories
Additional vital records can sometimes be found using search phrases such as Greene County, Pennsylvania Genealogy Vital Records in online catalogs like:
- Historical Society of Pennsylvania
- WorldCat (For instructions see WorldCat Online Catalog).
- FamilySearch Catalog (For instructions see FamilySearch Catalog Place-name Search).
Greene County Pennsylvania Genealogy Websites
- Greene County, PA History, Records, Facts and Genealogy
- Linkpendium - Greene County
- USGenWeb project
- FamilySearch Catalog
- Greene Co. History Books
- Greene County Records
- Greene Connections
- Greene County PA Genealogy
Greene County Pennsylvania Places
Populated Places
Boroughs: Carmichaels | Clarksville | Greensboro | Jefferson | Rices Landing | Waynesburg
Townships: Aleppo | Center | Cumberland | Dunkard | Franklin | Freeport | Gilmore | Gray | Greene | Jackson | Jefferson | Monongahela | Morgan | Morris | Perry | Richhill | Springhill | Washington | Wayne | Whiteley
Greene County Pennsylvania Genealogy References
- ↑ Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), Greene County, Pennsylvania. Page 588-593 At various libraries (WorldCat); FHL Book 973 D27e 2002; Alice Eichholz, ed. Ancestry's Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources, Third ed. (Provo, Utah: Ancestry, 2004), 579-581.
- ↑ Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), [FHL book 973 D27e 2002].
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Greene County, Pennsylvania" in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greene_County,_Pennsylvania.
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greene_County,_Pennsylvania accessed 2/12/2017
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 G. Wayne Smith, History of Greene County, Pennsylvania (Waynesburg, Penn.: Cornerstone Genealogical Society, 1996), 19-20. WorldCat 36230349; FHL book 974.883 H2s.
- ↑ The Unified Judicial System of Pennsylvania http://www.pacourts.us/T/CommonPleas/ accessed 10 July 2012.
- ↑ Unified Judicial System of Pennsylvania, Clerk of Courts in http://www.pacourts.us/T/CommonPleas/ClerksOfCourts.htm (accessed 25 Aug 2012)
- ↑ The Philadelphia Courts at http://www.courts.phila.gov/common-pleas/orphans/ accessed 10 July 2012
- ↑ Wikipedia
- ↑ Harold Frederic, William C. Frederick III with William J. McMaster Sr., Path of Blood: The Untold Story of the Kittanning PA. Regiment in the American Revolution (Kittanning, Pa.: W.C. Frederick, 1998). FHL Book 974.8 M2ff
- ↑ Genealogical Society of Utah, Parish and Vital Records List (July 1998). Microfiche. Digital version at https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/images/9/92/Igipennsylvaniaf.pdf.
- ↑ Genealogical Society of Utah, Parish and Vital Records List (July 1998). Microfiche. Digital version at https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/images/9/92/Igipennsylvaniaf.pdf.


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text:
Law School Discussion
Applying to Law School => Law School Admissions => Topic started by: A1992 on January 05, 2014, 11:07:01 PM
3.37 Biomed Major; 173+ LSAT. How to ensure T14 (ECs listed)
Post by:
January 05, 2014, 11:07:01 PM
I made a huge mistake for the past 4 years and have just wasted time in college with the intention of pursuing a career in the sciences only to regret said decision. It took me a long time to realize that I want to pursue a career in law and I am currently fighting an uphill battle, however I would like to go to a T14 law School.
LSAT practice scores without any prep/self-study: 173, 175, 173.
I am curious as to whether I have a shot at any of the top Law schools with my GPA and a 173+ LSAT
My ECs are:
Work in a Hospital
Research Assistant in Lab
Teaching Assistant - 2 different courses for multiple semesters
Investment Club - Pharma/Biotech analyst
Microbiology Club - Member
Well over 300 hours of community service - Various organizations
Positions within my Fraternity
Taught at local elementary schools on many different occaPsions
I have recently applied for graduation however I was contemplating postponing graduating until the end of the Summer (or even Fall) in order to take 8 classes between now and then and get A's in all of them in hopes of bringing my GPA up to a 3.4+, I believe it is very possible that I can get a 3.4 after this semester with straight A's.
I intend on applying to every T14 par Virginia.
I'm not sure if this is worth mentioning in my appendum but I dealt with a very bad drug problem in the middle of my college career and completely turned my life around without seeking outside help and have been sober for 9 months
My dream school has always been Columbia and would be willing to ED. Money is not an issue for me.
Re: 3.37 Biomed Major; 173+ LSAT. How to ensure T14 (ECs listed)
Post by:
January 06, 2014, 06:52:20 AM
1) If you get a 173+, you certainly will have a shot at several top 14 schools, even with a 3.37 GPA. Check out lawschoolnumbers.com for more specifics. Your soft factors will certainly play up your application.
2) Although you may have rocked those practice tests, understand that the strong majority of LSATers will score under their practice test scores. I'm not saying its impossible for you to score in the range you want, but it will be harder than you think. My best advice is to quickly review a test prep book(s) like Kaplan or Powerscore.. then take every single PT under exact test conditions until test day.
3) The difference between a 3.37 and 3.4 is exceptionally nominal. I think your time would be better served trying to get about 3 points on your LSAT or even writing stronger essays. Now, if you can get a 3.5 or 3.6, then thats another issue, but three one-hundredth of a decimal point is not all that alluring. On top of that fact that you will HAVE to get perfect scores in those classes. Which, based on your current record, may be harder than you think unless you take throw away easy classes. On top of the fact that you will have to explain to Columbia why you postponed graduation to take basketweaving to bump your GPA... Just my thoughts.
4) Although law schools really like seeing people overcome hurdles, be them external or self imposed, they also want assurance that the hurdle is FAR behind the student. My only concern with the drug issue is time. Although nine months is certainly very commendable, it is not in the same ball park as saying you have been ten years sober. If you are going to discuss your drug problem, then, you have to have several other hard pieces of evidence to substantiate your claim that it is really behind you and you have grown because of it. Have your grades improved drastically since you became sober (i.e. straight Ds and Fs to now straight As and Bs)? Finally, placement will be key. Although addendums are exactly what this kind of thing is for, you may decide that having a short paragraph in your personal statement is easier to acheive the above. You will be able to keep what you say more broad/vague, add luster to your personal statement, and still get the benefit of talking about a personal hurdle you overcame. Just a thought.
5) Finally, apply to more schools that just the top 14. Although there are certain perks in the top 14, it is not exclusive to them. If you know where you would want to live/work, apply to all the top full time and part time schools in that region. If you have a specific area of specialization you want to pursue (i.e. intellectual property), apply to all the top schools for that, even if the schools aren;t in the top 14. Not only will this give you more options, if you end up scoring as high as you hope, you will be able to snag strong scholarships (i.e. full rides). You may then be able to use those scholarships to negotiate for money at schools you would really like to attend (even some in the T14).
Good luck!!!
Re: 3.37 Biomed Major; 173+ LSAT. How to ensure T14 (ECs listed)
Post by:
January 06, 2014, 08:11:35 AM
Thank you for the advice Miami88.
WIth regards to the grades thing, my drug problem started after my sophomore year. Prior to my addiction, my grades were A's and an occasional B; after they were A's, B's and C's; and after finally sobering up, I received a 3.7 my first semester while taking Biochemistry, Clinical Neuroscience, Endocrinology and one BS elective. The biggest issue I had wasn't difficulty in courses, in fact I have never gotten below an A in a class where I have actually wanted to get an A and was willing to put 2-3 hours/week into it; rather my issue was in the fact that I just didn't care about anything. I would never go to class. I'd rarely study for tests, but I would do enough in order to still maintain just above a 3.0. I was an addict, but I was still sensible.
As for the LSAT, I intend on taking the exam in June and studying 5-10 hours/week for the next 4 months and then putting in a solid 5-hours/day come May/June. I understand the practice tests aren't reflective of your actual score because of test taking conditions and mental stress etc however I never been one to actually get bad test anxiety. I always think through things very logically and hedge my emotions. On standardized tests I understand that there is always another opportunity to take the exam and being under stress achieves nothing which leaves me calm and confused as to why everybody panics as though their mother's life depended on said exam... Let's hope I didn't jinx myself.
Re: 3.37 Biomed Major; 173+ LSAT. How to ensure T14 (ECs listed)
Post by:
January 13, 2014, 05:57:13 PM
Miami offers some good advice and I want to add onto it.
1) I completely Gree postponing graduation in hopes of going from a 3.37 to a 3.4 will do little to improve your admission chances. On top of that it is also possible your GPA will go down gettmg Straight A's is a good goal, but getting 8 As is not a certainty. I think you are better off finishing strong and on time opposed to making last minute adjustments. On top of that you are better served studying for the LSAT opposed to eating straight As
2) 173 would be a great score, but I don't know how many OLs tell me the are getting 170+ scores on their practice scores, but it is practice often the test is never taken or a much lower score is attained. Obtaining a 173 puts yo in the top 5 percent of test takers and nothing personal, but there is a 95 chance you will not be in the top 5 percent.
3) Indtead of considering schools etc get a real LSAT and GPA if you finish with a 3.3-3.4 and 173 LSAt you will have man choices, but so many law students start considering schools etc before they have numbers and it is just wasted energy better conserved on studying for the LSAT
4) Additiomally, I would encourage you to not solely base your law school de vision on rankings. There are a number of more important factors such as location, cost and your personal feelings about each school.
What an unregulated for profit magazine like U.S News thinks about a school should not be the basis of a life altering decision.
Although Columbia is certainly an outstanding school, but I don't think You needed U.S News to tell you that.
Good luck with everything and I sincerely hope you score 173 on the LSAT, but don't be discouraged if you come away with a 155-160 believe it or not 90 percent of lawyers did not attend the top 10 percent of schools.
Simple Machines


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Words by Sean Moeller, Illustration by Johnnie Cluney, Recording engineered by Mike Gentry
Ark Life's Jesse Elliott is well aware of the snags in the road. He's driven over all of the bumps and the holes that have worked themselves into formerly smooth surfaces. He's driven over them at great speeds, banging into their bellies with cringe-inducing knocks. He's aware of the jokers and the mimics. He's found the fakes - or they've found him. He's put himself in the den of temptations and he's been dazzled by the mundane. He's given himself over to the urges that come from some place that never thinks anything through and he's glad to have done so.
On a hiatus from These United States - one of the hardest working bands of recent times, Elliott has relocated to Denver, Colorado, and has cooked up a band to present stories that are more domestic in nature. They're stories that are indebted to years and years of foraging, or drifting around, of sleeping on floors, of missing out, of living it up, of feeling shitty and exhilarated all in the same day/same hour, of wasting time, of finding love, losing love and not recognizing it. They are stories that have come out of him after all of these years of exhausted eyes, all of the dancing on the blade of a knife (as he refers to it), plenty of rainy and wet days (one of them in wine country) and more than enough reasons to do it all over again and more than enough reasons to say to hell with it and stay in forever and for always.
Ark Life songs are what happens when you slap yourself a little bit, when you've come undone and then seen the makings of what might put the seams back in where they need to be. This recognition leads to something that many would recognize as renewal, but there's a recognition that it could lead back to some of those divots and another undoing. Elliott sings, "I gave you so much time to love me/Gonna have to leave you now," on the song, "Have To Leave You Now," thanking the one-to-be-ditched for the "crow's feet marching valleys to my brow," accepting the aged aggravation that's been caused. He continues, singing, "I can't be carrying on to the blue dawn repeating the same sad sounds," hinting that there's a chance to experience more than what he's been taking.
"Hello L-O-V-E" is the song here that ties it all together, that gives a glimpse of what's going to happen now. With three lovely lady voices (coming from Anna Morsett, Natalie Tate and Lindsay Giles -- along with drums from Ben DeSoto) singing soulful harmonies, we see that depreciation to quality of life is always subjective. It's always about what someone's willing to take or willing to accept. Here, once again, love is a culprit, a real twister, and it turns out that it's what's been desired all along, even when it's a damned mess.


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Hey folks!
Been a bit quiet around here lately - mainly because I've transferred my Vanguard updating to the Facebook page recently introduced - it's a much more convenient means of posting images and updates, so if you aren't already following us there, you can do so right now. There's loads of behind-the-scenes info and unseen artwork, as well as links to blog posts about the stories by some of the creators. Check it out here!
In other news, we've received a write up of issues 1 and 2 on The Hipster Dad's bookshelf, which is an overall positive assessment. The article makes the point that all of us involved in producing the comic are newcomers to the scene, but are doing our best to produce the goods! We are improving all the time - wait til you see how things progress in issue 3!
Check out the review and I'll see you all on Facebook!


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by Tom Utescher
Opening the 2013 lacrosse season with home games on Monday and Saturday of last week, the women of Chestnut Hill College proved that they could hang with each of their opponents, but they let both bouts get away from them in the second half.
Facing Colorado's Fort Lewis College in the Monday match, the Griffins were ahead by two goals with seven minutes left to play, but succumbed to a late surge by the Skyhawks, losing 10-9. Mercy College arrived from Dobb's Ferry, N.Y. on Saturday afternoon, and CHC held its own through the first period, only down 6-5 with half-a-minute to go before the interlude. The Mavericks shot a seventh goal with 17 seconds on the clock, and kept on rolling after halftime for a 16-8 victory.
"I think we can chalk it up to inexperience, not understanding that we have the ability to win these types of games," said new CHC head coach Chelsea Rosiek, a former Wissahickon High School and Temple University standout. "We're almost there – I think that our confidence will grow with time as we reinvent this program."
For the touring Fort Lewis squad (3-1), CHC's Victory Field was the first stop on a three-game excursion to eastern Pennsylvania. When the Skyhawks took the field against the Griffins, the rival teams from two time zones apart turned out to be very well matched, dueling to a 6-6 halftime tie.
Fort Lewis actually jumped ahead by three points early on, but Chestnut Hill scrambled back into a 4-4 tie with three goals by Brianne Timony, a senior who found time last spring to coach the grade school lacrosse team at nearby Norwood Fontbonne Academy.
The Colorado crew went ahead once more, 6-4, but in the final 65 seconds of the first period Timony fired her fourth goal, and her classmate Christina Squillante then tied it up for halftime, 6-6.
When Fort Lewis was first on the board in the second half, CHC's Rosiek realized that the points she'd emphasized at halftime hadn't completely sunk in. She called a time-out, and just 17 seconds after play resumed, Timony fired her fifth goal of the day for the home team.
Soon after that, freshman Emorie Keimig and senior Erica Eaby also found the net for Chestnut Hill, giving the Griffins a 9-7 advantage with 14:23 left to play. Unfortunately for the locals, the day's scoring would end with another three-goal surge, and this one belonged to the Skyhawks.
The Rocky Mountain maids had eked out a 10-9 win over the women from the less lofty Chestnut Hill.
"We need to start shooting better, and make better decisions about our shots," Coach Rosiek observed. "I think our defense is strong, but we commit too many turnovers on attack, which leads to the other team having more opportunities on offense."
Saturday afternoon brought much milder weather than the wintry conditions that had prevailed on Monday. Squillante staked CHC to a 1-1 tie early on, and although Mercy took the lead for good after that, the Griffins stayed close to their guests into the second half.
Two strikes by Timony had CHC still one goal back at 4-5 with more than a dozen minutes remaining in the first half, and after Mercy added another goal, Griffins junior Kelly Campbell cashed in with 1:23 on the clock for a 5-6 tally. Unfortunately for the hosts, with just 17 seconds left Kelsey Bub scored for the Mavericks from a few feet in front of the crease, making it 7-5 for the halftime break.
Mercy's Kristen Znaniecki had collected two of her game-high five goals during the opening period, and when the teams got back on the field after the interval, she quickly netted two more as part of a little 3-0 run for the visitors. Senior Lindsay Alexander got Chestnut Hill going in the new period, converting off a free position to make it 10-6 with about nine minutes elapsed.
However, the hosts fell farther behind after that, as the bunch from Dobbs Ferry fired three of the next four goals in the contest. As the game clock dropped down towards five minutes, the New Yorkers still led 13-7, then Keimig picked up the CHC offense by coming in to score off a free position out to the left of the goal.
Timony completed a personal hat trick for the Griffins with 3:42 to go, making it 13-9, but the Mavericks finished up with a 3-0 burst to win by seven goals. Eaby wound up with two goals for the Griffins, who received eight saves in the net from senior keeper Jen Delahanty. Visiting goalie Steph DiLegge came up with 12 stops for Mercy.
"I think I have a great group of the girls who are motivated; they just need to adjust to my expectations for the program," Rosiek said.
The Griffins have suffered from frequent coaching changes in recent years, but their new skipper stated, "I'm local, I'm here to stay, and I'm here to create a program that means something."


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Nachiket Desai
Vice President, Enterprise Architecture and Business Intelligence
Making customer connections bloom
1-800-FLOWERS.COM reduced customer complaints by 40 percent during critical Mother's Day season
Customer service is critical to retailers, and no company is more aware of that than 1-800-FLOWERS.COM. Using SAS® Business Analytics, the company builds relationships with customers, increases customer lifetime spending and encourages cross-brand shopping. The customer satisfaction improvements alone account for millions in revenue for a multichannel and catalog retailer that has learned how to compete on analytics.
SAS helps 1-800-FLOWERS.COM find customer insights, drive new revenue ideas and predict what customers will want – then target campaigns to fill those needs. An integrated data foundation, powered by SAS, dramatically reduces the time it takes to perform analysis and share results. Instead of analyzing sales and customer service information after a major holiday, for instance, the company can see what's happening in real time and adjust its website offerings accordingly.
Our competitive advantage is understanding our customer. SAS helps us do that.
Nachiket Desai
The company is rolling out the analytical platform to its affiliated gift brands in an effort to further enhance cross-sell and up-sell opportunities, drive more revenue and create a unified means to look at its broad and growing specialty retail business.
"We want to retain our core customers and increase customer lifetime value by encouraging customers to shop across all of our gift brands," says Stephen Bozzo, Chief Information Officer. Along with its flower brand, the company owns Fannie May Confections, The Popcorn Factory, Cheryl & Co., 1-800-BASKETS.COM and multiple other gift brands. "To really connect with our customer, we need to measure customer satisfaction and constantly work to improve it."
Building customer value by understanding the customer
1-800-FLOWERS.COM began using SAS more than a decade ago to understand its customers and grow its innovative business. "We've built a foundation as part of the flowers enterprise," explains Bozzo. "We want to spread this to all of our gift brands.'' It is the results from the flower business that encouraged the company to equip the other brands with SAS Analytics.
By using SAS, 1-800-FLOWERS.COM:
- Executed a positive Mother's Day sales program. The company understands that women are the driving force for this holiday's sales. The professional, suburban mom buys for both her mother and her mother-in-law. "We noticed that when we appealed to that persona, we also appealed to the rest of the base," Bozzo explains.
- Reported a record increase in new customer orders. The company analyzed the best price points and product mix to entice recession-weary customers, with big results.
- Initiated the Perfect Order Every Time (POET) program. The company trimmed customer service problems by 40 percent. SAS allows the company to isolate, analyze and eliminate customer service problems by understanding root causes and quickly remedying them. The company estimates that it has improved its enterprise customer service value ratio by 100 basis points, which translates to millions in revenue.
Commanding the driver's seat on customer service issues
1-800-FLOWERS.COM used to review customer service data a few days to a few weeks after the fact. In an industry that historically gets a third of its sales from two major holidays (Valentine's Day and Mother's Day), looking at data historically wasn't good enough. The business team needed to quickly spot issues and remedy them. Is a fulfillment florist in a certain ZIP code delivering late or subbing in inferior flowers? With SAS, 1-800-FLOWERS.COM sees that trend in real time and automatically adjusts orders sent to the florist based on consumer concerns. It can also adjust the product mix offered on the Web site. If too many florists are struggling to get a certain kind of tulip called for in a bouquet (and thus customers complain about substitutions), 1-800-FLOWERS.COM can quickly spot the trend and remove the bouquet from its Web site.
"Before SAS, our peak time would be over and then you'd have to apply the results to the next holiday. Now we can do it in real time, and it enhances the customer experience," says Nachiket Desai, Vice President of Enterprise Architecture and Business Intelligence. "The SAS Analytics platform essentially brings all these different data points into a single matrix so people can access all the data without depending on IT to provide extracts."
Rolling SAS Analytics out to the other brands
As 1-800-FLOWERS.COM acquires and grows brands, it wants to provide these companies with the same analytical insights – and begin to better realize the possibilities of having so many gift retailers under one roof.
For the brands with a large catalog base, 1-800-FLOWERS.COM is helping them build Web sales. In the past, the catalog brands tended to receive from a third-party vendor one data extract for analysis per catalog. As there might only be nine or 10 catalogs sent out a year, that was enough. But with a Web operation, these brands needed more extracts. "They realized they need to be dynamic and address customer needs in real time," Desai explains. These brands are now getting data weekly, and it has helped drive Web site traffic up at two brands by nearly 30 percent.
The next step is to help standardize business rules across all the brands to better analyze costs. "For example, if you charge shipping, should that be revenue, or should that be considered part of the cost? Every brand defines it differently internally," Desai says. "We are using the rollout to standardize some of the rules and share information about costs and revenue across the company."
Making analytics easy to use
Desai described the company's experience with SAS as "one of the best partnerships that I've witnessed in my long experience. In SAS we found a partner that has pushed us to be better." Desai pointed out the example of SAS Consulting services' recommendation to train a power user in each group who then helps others get up to speed in using SAS.
"Our competitive advantage is understanding our customer," he says. "SAS helps us do that."
Analyze data in real time to help improve the customer experience
1-800-FLOWERS.COM has reduced customer complaints by 40% during the critical Mother's Day season and increased customer satisfaction
The results illustrated in this article are specific to the particular situations, business models, data input, and computing environments described herein. Each SAS customer's experience is unique based on business and technical variables and all statements must be considered non-typical. Actual savings, results, and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and conditions. SAS does not guarantee or represent that every customer will achieve similar results. The only warranties for SAS products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements in the written agreement for such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. Customers have shared their successes with SAS as part of an agreed-upon contractual exchange or project success summarization following a successful implementation of SAS software. Brand and product names are trademarks of their respective companies.


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To do something, what i wanted to do for a long time, i read the chapter claiming that mediationism is used like a miracle-tool in different theories. Why i was so hopeful – because there are approaches that deny the perceptional and representational way of making the world meaningful. For example, there is a theory of embodied cognition, where the processing of representations is not needed but they claim that persons directly activate the sensory-motor action paths in brain when being imposed to the sensory-motor action potentialities or affordances in the environment.
The Windowless Room:'Mediationism' and how to get over it
by Alan Costall
pp. 109-123
From Cambridge Handbook of Sociocultural Psychology
Eds. J. Valsiner & A.Rosa
The book is standing on my table for a while, but the only chapter i have managed to take a look is the intriguing one by Alan Costall. I never saw such a lecture-style in a handbook!
His beautiful saying is: 'making a fetish of mediation'. He describes several approaches how mediationism is used.
He uses the metaphor of windowless room to describe the mediationism. We find us over and over again in a room without windows, with pictures hanging on the walls, which depict other windowless rooms.
His conclusion is that there are so many ways of getting into this windowless room.
He does not want to suggest direct theory of perception or action, but wants to indicate that mediationism seems like a barrier between us and the world.
Within cognitive psychology mediationism has taken the form of representationalism.
Cognition has long been defined in terms of representations.
To deal with situated actions, representationalism gets into trouble because in different contexts the different representations become the second order representations that also involve contexts.
The meaning of representations is obtained when they are mapped onto the world.
It is believed we need to run internal representations to bridge the gap between the perceiver and the real world.
According to the social cognition approach we can only know about other people in an indirect way. Persons' internal states cannot be observed directly and must be inferred from different cues.
Knowing as a representation or correspondence: knowing is viewing from outside, true knowing is theoretical not practical. Cognitive theory continues to identify knowing with practices of abstraction, such as classification, computing, calculation, logical inference. Our ability to interact approprately with objects depends on the capacity, fundamental of human beings, for categorizing objects and storing information about them, thus forming concepts, and on the capacity to associate concepts with names.
All apprehension of objective reality is mediated through subjective existence, ideas forever interpose themselves between the knower and the, objects which he would know.
In cultural psychology the representations are primary, they are situated in social practices rather than in mental models. But what then do these representations re-present?
In social constructivism the realm of socially constructed imposes itself between us and nature and through which we cannot reach the world itself.
For constructivists it is not material world itself what conveys meanings, but the language system or whatever system we are using to represent concepts. Social actors use conceptual systems of their culture and the linguistic and other representational systems to construct meanings and make the world meaningful and to communicate world meaningfully to others. Culture is about shared meanings. Meanings can be shared through our common access to language. Culture emerges from nature as the symbolic representation of the latter.
He suggest that we need to find a place in our theories for the existence of both meaning and mediation before and beyond the realm of representations and symbols, and take their materiality much more seriously. Mediation is taking place in the world and is changing the world, constituting objects not constituted before.


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Connecting the Dots of the Raeburn families and related surnames from Ireland to North America.
April 11, 2010
Ancestor Approved Award
Bad Holly, not blogging regularly...bad blogger Holly. So the Ancestor Award is keeping me "in the game"; Jennifer Trahan @ Jennifer's Genealogy Blog sent over the award recently.
The Ancestor Approved Award asks that the recipient list ten things you have learned about any of your ancestors that has surprised, humbled, or enlightened you and pass the award along to ten other bloggers who you feel are doing their ancestors proud. Hmmm, let me put on my thinking cap, and get another cup of coffee, mandatory!
1) Calvin Wheeler b circa 1789-90 USA d 20 Mar 1866 Canada. My third great grandfather on my father's maternal side.
Everything about him was a surprise, and I was certainly enlightened. First I found him...SURPRISE! Then I found that he was an affluent man in the town HE founded originally called Wheelers Mills, later called Tamworth, in Lennox and Addington County in Ontario. He started a sawmill, grist mill and store. He was the first postmaster, held other titles such as councilman, magistrate and militia officer with rank of colonel and was considered a U.E.L although I have yet to find conclusive records. He certainly has a continent full of descendants, and his Tamworth house stayed in the family for at least 162 years. There is so much more to find on this intriguing man. All of this was lost to our family.
2) Leo Cornell b 3 May 1898 d 16 Aug 1981, my grandfather on my mother's side. I was both surprised and enlightened to find and receive a copy of his adoption papers, and find his birth family as well as descendants of this family. I have yet to 'hook up' with his birth siblings. Grandpa was adopted as was one sister, by a 'merchant' family from Canada that migrated to Michigan in the 1800's.
3) Mahlon P. Reynolds b Feb 1832 d June 13 1920. My 2nd great grand father married Sarah Stowe, my great grandfather Wilbur was born...she later died. Mahlon remarried and became apparently estranged from his new wife Elizabeth Clawson who still called herself Elizabeth Reynolds...and a child appears on a census (NOT Wilbur!) SURPRISE! A minor issue, but there are many of those along the way, aren't there?
4) My grand father, Ernest Raeburn never became a U.S. citizen, living on the border of Canada in Sault Saint Marie, Michigan after marriage. He held the career of Steamboat Captain for Canadian Steamship Lines, technically on land for about 3 months of the year. He married grandma [Ethel Wheeler] in Canada, and grandma had to re-establish her U.S. citizenship, since she married an alien. [That always gets me, sounds like he was from outer space] They had to move to the Canadian Soo during WWII. Surprise!
5) William Raeburn b abt 1810 d 1897...it was certainly enlightening to find all the places the family lived between Ireland and Simcoe County, Ontario, and all of the children we never knew he had.
6) Anna Youker b 1824 d 1899 my second great grandmother on my fathers paternal side, is the granddaughter of a Revolutionary War patriot, Johann George Youker a.k.a. Yucker b abt 1757/59 d 1844. I submitted my line to DAR several years ago online, but received no response..so I suspect I need more documentation. Enlightened.
Well, how about 6 ? That is about it for now I think. Would my ancestors be proud?
Does anyone else think all of this is interesting...other than me? Te he....hope I didn't bore you all.
I think this one has been all around the block so I am not sending it out. It was an interesting exercise.
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Today, I'd like to revisit a favorite cocktail, one I've blogged before, the Princeton cocktail. The Princeton is a lovely mix of gin and port, with a little orange bitters in the gin. The Princeton comes to us from George Kappeler's 1895 book, Modern American Drinks. Here's how Kappeler describes it:
A mixing-glass half-full fine ice, three dashes orange bitters, one an a half pony Tom gin. Mix, strain into cocktail-glass; add half a pony port wine carefully and let it settle in the bottom of the cocktail before serving.
Tom gin? This is a reference to Old Tom, a nearly vanished style of gin popular in the cocktail manuals of the late 19th century. It's lightly sweetened and a little rounder in flavor than such London dry styles as Beefeater or Tanqueray.
When I've written about this cocktail before, I've used a version that I encountered in David Wondrich's book Imbibe! Writing in the benighted year of 2007, Wondrich was unfortunately bereft of Old Tom gin, which had disappeared decades earlier from the U.S. market. Dr. Dave suggested a workaround, though–take Plymouth (a dry gin similar in its botanical base to Tom), and add a small amount of simple syrup for sweetness. In making this drink previously, I've used a rich simple syrup of either demerara or turbinado sugar, which produces a drink that looks like this:
Pretty, yes? My most recent version, though, looks like this:
What gives? Well, as you know if you read my previous post, I've tracked down Old Tom gin, in the form of Hayman's, a lightly sweet bottling out of the U.K. It makes a truly delicious version of the Princeton. Hayman's has subtle citrus notes in its botanical blend, which pair well with both the orange bitters and the port. The clear top makes for a lovelier foil for the port below, and as you can see here, it even picks up light in a lovely way. My next step is to try it with Ransom Old Tom. That's going to engender another batch of photos, however, because Ransom, as a barrel-aged gin, is brown like whiskey.
- 2 oz. Hayman's Old Tom gin
- 2 dashes orange bitters
- 3/4 oz. port
- lemon or orange twist, for garnish
Stir Hayman's Old Tom gin and orange bitters over ice until well chilled. Strain into a chilled cocktail glass. Pour the port gently down the edge of the glass until it slides under the gin mixture. Twist the lemon or orange peel over the glass, but do not drop into glass. It will ruin the layering effect.
Photographs © Jennifer Hess. All rights reserved.


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3 Ways to Invest in Your Community
|Image from the film It's a Wonderful Life
The appeal of investing in your own community isn't new. If you've seen the 1946 film, It's a Wonderful Life, you've witnessed Jimmy Stewart's heroic speech to stave off a bank run on the Building and Loan Association. (It goes something like this: "I don't have your money, George! It's in Harry's house! And Martha, your savings let the Wilsons build their house!") Half a century later, you can still put your dollars in a local bank or credit union that invests in your town or region. And though federal regulations limit community-scale stock purchases, there are several other ways to revive the old classic—community investment.
Support Community Enterprise
If you've ever bought a share in a local farm's harvest, you've participated in Community Supported Agriculture (CSA). Now consider Community Supported Enterprise (CSE). In a CSE, your up-front investment in, say, a woodworking shop earns furniture purchases over a period of time. For instance, in Morrisville, Vermont, a CSE saved a local restaurant from going out of business: Each CSE member gave the owner $1,000, and received $90 restaurant coupons every quarter.
Bank on Small Businesses
Members of the Self-Help Association for a Regional Economy (SHARE), a program of the E.F. Schumacher Society, can direct their bank deposits toward loans to local businesses of their choice. Members have lent to businesses like "Rawson Brook goat cheese … or Marty's Washing Machine Repair Service," says the SHARE website. Members often know their borrowers by name.
Invest in Community Loan Funds
Community loan and redevelopment funds offer the chance to finance community projects in your region. For instance, Vermont Community Loan Fund (vclf.org) provides loans and grants for affordable housing, community facilities, local businesses, child care programs, and other enterprises "that benefit lower-income Vermonters." Investors get an interest rate that usually lags a little behind mainstream investments, though it looks generous by current standards.
|Jeff Golden wrote this article as part of The New Economy, the Summer 2009 issue of YES! Magazine. Jeff is the author of Unafraid: A Novel of the Possible, .
Interested? More ideas for sustainable investment.


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London: Second-half substitute Adam Le Fondre scored an injury-time winner as Reading staged a stunning comeback from two goals down to draw 2-2 with Chelsea at the Madejski Stadium on Wednesday night.
Juan Mata grabbed the opener, driving home from close range after a superb through-ball from Fernando Torres, before Lampard belted a header into the top corner halfway through the second half only for Le Fondre to hit twice in three minutes to stun the London side.
Brian McDermott made seven changes from the FA Cup win over Sheffield United, with Pavel Pogrebnyak returning to the starting line-up after being rested. Ryan Bertrand replaced the suspended Eden Hazard for Chelsea, Cesar Azpilicueta and Juan Mata also coming in at the expense of John Terry and Marko Marin.
The away side started to control the flow of the game after a turgid start, keeping possession for long periods, but were unable to make a quick impact on the Reading defence.
Ashley Cole blasted a long-range effort over the bar in the visitors' first half-chance of the game, before Torres was shut out by Adrian Mariappa and Federici after a looping ball caused problems for the Reading defence.
Frank Lampard had a shot blocked as Chelsea continued to press, but Torres was penalised later on for clipping Mariappa after the defender sliced a simple clearance.
Gary Cahill then wasted a glorious opportunity to break the deadlock from a Lampard free kick, failing to connect with the ball when unmarked inside the penalty area as the missed chances started to mount up.
Cole blasted another speculative effort way off target, with Chelsea looking thoroughly out of idea heading into the break but, with with practically the last kick of the half the away side took the lead.
Torres collected the ball and scooped a delightful pass into the path of Mata, who fired the ball first time low past Federici.
Oscar should have made it two just five minutes in the second half when he sprung the offside trap to meet Lampard's floated ball, but the youngster opted for an acrobatic finish when he had plenty of time to take a touch in the box.
Chelsea were not to rue the missed opportunity for long though as Lampard rose highest to meet Mata's corner delivery to double his side's lead and seemingly confirm all three points.
As the half went on, Reading continued to spurn their own rare opportunities with Ross Turnbull untested heading into the final 10 minutes.
But that record was not to last long as second-half substitute Le Fondre latched on to a through-ball from Hope Akpan to notch what looked like a consolation with the hosts first shot on target.
Ramires then forced a fine stop from Federici 30 yards out, before Le Fondre was there to equalise with a first-time volley from the edge of the area to send the home crowd into raptures and pile further pressure on Chelsea's interim boss Rafael Benitez.


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Hometown Heroes
Do you have a friend or loved one serving in the U.S. Uniformed Services? Well, Results Radio and this station want to recognize them for serving their country. Submit their name, information, picture and tell us why they are your 'Hero' and we will feature them in our new 'Hometown Hero' section.
It is just a small way we can say thanks for giving so much so that we can enjoy the freedoms that they protect every day!


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Mango Recipes
Mango Salsa Appetizers
Flatbreads are great because you can load them up with whichever ingredients you like. They're also very versatile and can be served as a main course or cut up into bite size appetizers.
Since I recently purchased a molcajete, the typical, hand-carved Mexican mortar and pestle made from natural volcanic stone, I decided to put a Mexican twist on my flatbread. I gathered diced Ataulfo mangoes, green apples, jalapeños, red onions, Persian cucumbers, lime juice and tomatoes.
The exotic salsa would make a tasty, healthy snack all on its own, but it's even better spooned onto California Lavash flatbread. Yum!
Full Recipe...
Asian-Inspired Charred Corn Salad Recipe
Corn is in season and it's very inexpensive right now. Charring it and turning it into a salad was a great opportunity to use loads of it. I wanted to give it an Asian twist so I dressed the corn with a miso vinaigrette and added diced, ripe mango and some sesame seeds at the end.
During our recent trip to France, I discovered the multiple uses of Le Puy green lentils. These French lentils are ideal when following a vegetarian diet (which is the case for my husband Lulu). Did you know? First, they're packed with protein. They were orignally grown in the volcanic soils of the Puy area, near Clermont-Ferrand in the heart of the Vend region of Western France.
Full Recipe...
Festive Christmas Salad Recipe
I wanted to create a festive, yet exotic salad in anticipation of the holiday season. So I prepared a homemade crouton, crab, mango and pomegranate salad. It was especially easy to prepare, and I completed it in no time as I used store-bought, pre-cooked crab. I also used the last pomegranate in our garden. The sweetness was incredible.
I think this salad will really light up our Christmas table this year. Not only it is nutritious, complete and healthy, but there is added significance for me because it combines ingredients from all the cultures in my home: French (croutons, Herbes de Provence and pomegranate), Vietnamese (green mango and crab) and Indian (fried paneer cheese). How delicious does that sound?
Full Recipe...
Mango Cake Recipe
This mango dessert is my way of raging against the dying of the (sun)light. Fall is here, but at least it can be summer on our dessert plates!
While I was in Paris, I had quite a few delicious clafoutis. This dessert is inspired by those treats. I caramelized a ripe mango, diced it and covered it with a clafoutis-like batter. A short time in the oven, et voilà! The spongy, sweet dessert was a fabulous feast. It's best eaten warm with a hot cup of tea. It's also a great alternative to French toast for a lovely Sunday brunch.
Full Recipe...
Thai Sticky Rice Recipe
Xôi xoài Thái Lan, in Vietnamese, literally translates to "mango sticky rice from Thailand". It's a very popular dessert in Asia; steamed sticky is rice covered in sweetened, fragrant coconut milk and paired with freshly-cut mangoes, then drizzled with thick, syrupy coconut sauce and sprinkled with lightly toasted sesame seeds.
I made this dessert is because I had leftover pandan leaves that I used in the recipes I developed for my second cookbook, Banh Mi, available since July 18th. By the way, it was named "Best Book of the Month" (July badge) on Amazon. Also, my husband's teenage sisters, Sunny, Lya, Mimi and Lala (that's what Aria calls them) spent last month in Asia. I was surprised when they got back that they asked for this sweet treat, because it's such an easy, common Asian dessert.
It really satisfied their craving and I hope it brought back good memories of their time on the beaches of Thailand and Vietnam.
Full Recipe...


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Looking for a relationship in which your partner will never, ever put your needs first? Try dating an objectivist! There's even a Web site to help you.
The objectivist creed — which you may have heard about because veep candidate Paul Ryan is a fan — was dreamed up by Ayn Rand, author of "Atlas Shrugged" and "The Fountainhead." She rose to fame in the '40s and '50s, and has maintained an influential following since her death in 1982.
"My philosophy, in essence, is the concept of man as a heroic being, with his own happiness as the moral purpose of his life . . . and reason as his only absolute," Rand wrote. Translation: Objectivists are only looking out for number one.
Or, as Rand put it, "I am done with the monster of 'we,' the word of serfdom, of plunder, of misery, falsehood and shame." That may be great in some aspects of life, but you have to question how well that holds up in relationships — and in bed.
Perhaps that's why there are scores of women on Match, OKCupid and other sites who specifically exclude Rand's followers. On OKCupid, Manhattanite Blondesmartsexy, 51, says men should message her if "Ayn Rand is not your favorite philosopher." Meanwhile, Brooklyn bisexual Booksies, 35, includes Rand among "things I could do without." Child soldiers and bigotry complete her list.
"People who take Ayn Rand very seriously, and are no longer in college, always strike me as intellectually or at least morally unsophisticated, and quite possibly a little crazy," says Maura Kelly, co-author of "Much Ado About Loving: What Our Favorite Novels Can Teach You About Date Expectations, Not So-Great Gatsbys, and Love in the Time of Internet Personals."
Kelly once dated a man who dabbled in objectivism. Every time he championed "A-yun Rand," overpronouncing her name, Kelly winced. (Ayn rhymes with "mine.") Still, on her profile, Kelly remains open. "You should NOT message me if you like Phish [or] Khalil Gibran. I think there IS accounting for taste. I'll consider Ayn Rand fans on a case-by-case basis."
In addition to possibly occupying the White House, objectivists have racked up a few points in their favor. Eva Mendes, Vince Vaughn, Brad Pitt, Angelina Jolie and Hugh Hefner — along with half of the Republican Congress — are all fans. And earlier this year, they got their own dating site: the Atlasphere, where 15,000 capitalist cuties trawl for ideal mates with come-ons such as:
"You should contact me if you are a skinny woman. If your words are a meaningful progression of concepts rather than a series of vocalizations induced by your spinal cord for the purpose of complementing my tone of voice. If you've seen the meatbot, the walking automaton, the pod-people, the dense, glazy-eyed substrate through which living organisms such as myself must escape to reach air and sunlight."
That is how heroes write.
It could work, though. Mendes is skinny, and her eyes sparkle. If he doesn't catch her fancy, there's always this guy: "I love intelligent, sassy girls, particularly those working in consulting or investment banking. Really, nothing is hotter than an accomplished girl in a suit, as long as she is willing to settle down and have my children."
Rand's philosophy of man as a hero holds up well in novels, where the protagonists all have genius IQs and look like Jolie and Pitt. Not so much with the average Joe or Jane who wants to get a cup of coffee and maybe see the new movie version of "Atlas Shrugged."
The rest of us must be resigned to dealing with our share of meatbots. And our sad striving for the eternal serfdom of finding a "we."


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Italian Leather Waist Pack and Passport Cover Set
Waist Pack: 5"H X 13.5"W X 3.5"D
Passport Cover: 5.5"H X 3.75"W
These classic leather bags by Giudi have both style and functionality. Each piece is artisanally crafted in Italy using real Italian leather, and exudes a familiar, old-world feel.
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(Item: IT-GD-GS01)
Our PASSEGGIO Italian Leather Waist Pack is combined here with its matching VOLARE Italian Leather Passport Cover to make the perfect gift for the man who's always on the move!
The genuine Italian leather waist pack allows free hands at all times while keeping everything you need close at hand.
The matching cover protects the passport while traveling and fits perfectly in the back hidden pocket.
The exquisite craftsmanship of these accessories will impress even the toughest to impress, but its usefulness will make this gift set his new must-have travel companion!
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I love oatmeal. There is no doubting that. I will make it for breakfast even if it's sweltering outside and in, and I have to stand at the stove-top with sweat trickling down my back (I'll have it for dinner too if I'm lazy). But not everyone would, and as luck would have it, we don't have to. There is a hot-weather, no-cook alternative to oatmeal…its raw, Swiss, cousin, muesli.
Muesli (or Müesli) was invented by a Swiss doctor called Maximilian Bircher-Benner in the 1900's. He was quite a rebel, our Maximilian. At a time when meat and bread (a diet high in protein and calories) ruled the table he espoused a diet raw vegetables, fruits, and nuts. He believed that food shouldn't just be about making us full but, more importantly, about making us healthy. He developed muesli based on a dish that was served to him by shepherds while he was hiking in the Swiss Alps. Maximilian made a similar mixture of raw oats, soaked overnight to soften, with fresh fruit and nuts, and served this to his patients as part of their healing. In Switzerland, muesli is still referred to as Bircher Müesli.
I think Max and I (can I call him Max? Is that too familiar of me?) would have gotten along famously. I love oats, and more specifically, I love muesli. I love Switzerland (and it was in Switzerland where I fell in love with muesli for the very first time). I also believe that food heals as well as satiates. And, I love the name Maximilian. The only thing we would have been at odds with as far as I can see would be the hiking.
Since I don't have Max with me, I have pretty much had to hunt down a good muesli recipe on my own. I have gone to bed many a times with soaking oats tucked away in my fridge, visions of delicious muesli breakfasts dancing in my head, only to wake up to half-soft oats swimming in a flavorless pool of liquid. Not anymore! I am happy to report that I have found the recipe that works for me…and it's all thanks to Shelby at Bone, Mugs, & Harmony and her Apple Muesli (which I stumbled upon at the kitchn). This is my adaptation – I've reduced the recipe to suit our consumption and I have added that most glorious of summer fruit from our shores…mango.
Apple & Mango Muesli
(adapted from Bone, Mugs, & Harmony)
- 1 apple, shredded
- 1 cup old fashioned rolled oats
- 2 dates, chopped
- 1/2 cup cubed mango
- 1/2 cup nuts (I used a combination of walnuts and almonds)
- Yogurt or milk to serve
- Extra fruit and nuts to top
– Shred the apple in a food processor. Remove and set aside.
– Place the oats, dates, and nuts in the food processor and pulse until lightly chopped.
– Return the shredded apple to the food processor along with the mango and pulse until everything is roughly chopped.
– Place your preferred serving size of yogurt in a bowl and top generously with the muesli mixture. Add extra chopped nuts and fresh fruits on top (I added more mango and banana).
This is the muesli of my dreams – soft and moist yet still feels raw and chewy. The fruits do their job of adding sweetness though you can add the sweetener of your choice if needed. Leela of the kitchn describes the feeling of this as a "deconstructed, fruity oatmeal cookie", and this is indeed what it tastes like. Another thing I love about this recipe, as opposed to the others I've tried, is that no soaking is required. It does acquire a pleasant mellowness after having rested in the fridge overnight but really, I could eat this straight out of the food processor with a spoon. Feel free to try this with fruits other than mango (blueberries were used in the original recipe). Whatever is in season on your side of the world would be ideal. Change the nuts around too, use your favorites or what you've got in your pantry.
The irony of it all is that it actually rained this morning giving everything a much needed cool-down. So a warm bowl of oatmeal would have been perfect. But this muesli is a winner rain or shine!


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Love Continuance and Increasing, available for pre-order now
It's here! Love Continuance and Increasing is available for pre-order from Storm Moon Press!
Lieutenant William Thorne, of His Majesty's Navy, was a man of humble origins. He knew that his affair with Major Anthony Rockingham of the 43rd Infantry couldn't last forever, not only because the war against Napoleon sent him on blockade duty in the English Channel while the major's regiment trained ashore, but because Rockingham was a viscount, and viscounts must marry. When Rockingham's letter reached him, saying that he'd chosen Miss Caroline Filmer as his bride, it was no more than Thorne had expected.
What he had not expected, when he returned home after the Battle of Trafalgar, was to find an invitation to the christening of Rockingham's son. He had not expected, when he met the young viscountess, that he would fall instantly and passionately in love with her. And he had certainly never expected that Caroline would fall just as desperately in love with him. Thorne was sure that their feelings for each other could only lead to disaster, even more so as his love for Rockingham had never gone away. While the war with France continued, he found himself fighting a war within his own heart...
20% discount applies until August 2 release date!
"She's well practiced at arranging such things," Anthony said. "But I fear it was very tiring for you, even so. Do you wish to sleep?"
"I do." Caroline drew in a breath, gathering her courage. "But, Anthony, I would speak with you."The surprise was enough to do what comfort could not. Lovers? Well, Anthony had said, upon their very wedding night, that he'd lain at times with men. She'd not taken much notice of it at the time, being intent on other concerns, and he'd never spoken of it since. But he'd told her privately of Captain Birtwhistle's love for Alexander Godwin, not with any distaste, but only so that she might not trouble them with questions about sweethearts; and with Mr. Godwin one of Stephen's godfathers, it was clear at least that Anthony counted it no sin, never mind who might think otherwise. And could she fault him for desiring William, when she did the same? But that they'd once been lovers... she'd never have suspected.
"I do." Caroline drew in a breath, gathering her courage. "But, Anthony, I would speak with you."
"Of course, my darling. What did you wish to say?"
Caroline curled tighter against him, trying to reassure herself that she would not soon be pushed away. "Do you remember, before we wed, when you bid me that should I ever find myself in love, I should tell you of it, and you would not reproach me?"
Anthony kissed her hair, and rubbed his hand in circles on her back. "I remember well. Are you telling me of that now?"
Caroline found that she could answer him only in the smallest of voices. "I am."
He kissed her again. "I'm glad to hear you tell me," he said. "I hoped very much that you would believe me when I said I'd not be angry, and trust me enough to do so. I'm glad you find me worthy of that trust. But you are unhappy. Will you tell me more?"
Caroline blinked back the tears that were welling in her eyes. "I did not wish this," she said. "It came all unbidden. I hoped it might be a moment's fancy, but I cannot put him from my thoughts. I fear I am in love with Lieutenant Thorne." She sniffled. "And I was right. Being in love is most uncomfortable."
Anthony held her close, resting his lips at the crown of her head as she hid her face against his shoulder. He moved his hand in slow strokes down her spine. "Oh, my darling. I'm sorry it grieves you so. I don't blame you for an instant. William is the best of men, and it's no surprise you should love him. I love him, too."
"But hardly in the same way, I think, my lord?"
"In very much the same way, I should think. I'll speak it plain: you wish to lie with him?"
The tears would not be stopped. "I do."
"As do I," Anthony said softly. "We were lovers once, and I care for him still."


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Life and Death in South Asia
In the film, Venus, an old and frail Peter O'Toole discovers the Greek goddess in the guise of his best friend's niece. The ironic and good humored story explores the theme of the games played in a mutual seduction between the older man with experience, money and a nostalgic yearning for carnal desire and the young woman who soon finds out the power she wields and negotiates three kisses in return for a pair of earrings. In the final scene, wearing only one of his boots on a cold beach, O'Toole feels the caress of the sea's salty foam with the sole of his foot and smiles. His face expresses the happiness of someone who knows the joys of being alive.
It is impossible to weigh up Peter O'Toole's smile, measuring the degree of his happiness or comparing it to what you would feel if walking barefoot in the sand. But, the idea that his feelings can be measured as a metric has become fashionable, ever since the King of Bhutan decided that GDP fails to portray the well-being of his subjects and summoned a team to create the Gross National Happiness index.


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The 2019 Annual Meetings of the African Development Bank Group will be held from 11-14 June 2019, in Malabo, Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Find out more
The 2019 Annual Meetings of the African Development Bank Group will be held from 11-14 June 2019, in Malabo, Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Find out more
In his annual statement to ambassadors from the member states of the Bank accredited to Tunisia and representatives of international organizations on Thursday, January 17, 2013 in Tunis, African Development Bank President Donald Kaberuka discussed the Bank's role in Africa's economic transformation and signaled future challenges.
"Africa has shown remarkable staying power since the global crisis began in 2008," Kaberuka told ambassadors to Tunisia representing the Bank's regional and non-regional member countries during a New Year luncheon on the outskirts of the Tunisian capital.
"To praise Africa's new dynamism is not to ignore the massive poverty," said Kaberuka. "To recognize Africa's new momentum is not to mask the huge problem of growing inequalities, unemployment or exclusion. Nor is it to overlook the large infrastructure gap, inadequate human capital and issues of governance and institutions that hamper business and investment."
Kaberuka outlined the Bank's work over the past decade "in creating wealth through economic growth, trade and investment"; "reducing reliance on foreign aid by tapping into the global markets for capital and making Africa attractive for investments"; and unlocking the continent's "considerable domestic market of one billion people through greater integration aimed at reaping a demographic dividend."
The Bank has pursued these objectives, he said, by focusing on four key areas: investment in infrastructure, including energy, transport and connectivity; regional economic integration and removing barriers to trade; promoting the private sector; and investing in tertiary technical and science education.
According to Kaberuka, the way forward for the Bank is to support broad-based, inclusive growth and job creation; provide financing for development; to make Africa's resources work for Africa; and to adapt economies to climate change. The dynamics of each country and region will be taken into account.
In addressing the ambassadors to Tunisia, President Kaberuka noted that the North African region continues to navigate a delicate transition period. "Transitions of this type hold great promise but exact a heavy short-term economic cost."
The challenges facing the region revolve around jobs, said Kaberuka. "These challenges are: macroeconomic stabilization; well-targeted safety nets for the poor; consistent long term policy direction; and growth-oriented reforms. After a revolution, rebuilding confidence takes time."
Kaberuka expressed his appreciation for the ongoing cooperation and partnership between the Bank and the countries and organizations represented. The Bank President thanked in particular those countries that contribute to the African Development Fund, the Bank's concessional window that provides financing in infrastructure development, strengthens responses to climate change, integrates economies, and enhances food security and human capital development for the 39 low-income countries that are eligible.


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Degradable Electronics Come Closer to Reality
Imagine an electronic medical device implanted inside you that monitors your temperature for signs of infection after surgery, then melts away. Or a wireless environmental sensor that decomposes without harming any living creature. Or a phone that you can toss on the compost heap as soon as a newer version hits stores. These devices are closer to reality, because researchers have created degradable electronics that function for a set time—and then dissolve. The work is in the journal Science. [Suk-Won Hwang et al., A Physically Transient Form of Silicon Electronics]
Silicon compounds, the basis of many electronic devices, will eventually degrade in water or bodily fluids. But the process takes hundreds of years. To speed it up, scientists built devices out of extremely thin layers of silicon, along with magnesium, which is naturally found in the human body. These items can quickly fade away in even small volumes of water.
To control the rate the devices disappeared, they were coated in layers of protective silk. The more silk, the longer the transient electronics will last.
Just think of the commercials: "Buy the newest iPhone—before it disappears!"
—Sophie Bushwick
[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]


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THIS SUMMER, two Supreme Court outcomes dramatically affected the reality of the words "Equal Justice Under Law." In the first, a key component of the historic Voting Rights Act of 1965 was struck down, jeopardizing equal justice under the law especially for black, Latino, and low-income people whose voting rights have historically been assaulted and have continued to be suppressed as recently as the 2012 election. Efforts to increase barriers to voting for people of color, especially those with lower incomes, are already underway in several states. The Supreme Court's decision was morally shameful.
The decision revealed how politically partisan this bench has become. The conservative justices have aligned themselves with the extreme right-wing politics that has taken over today's Republican Party—one that has deliberately encouraged and practiced voter suppression against minorities, low-income people, the young, and the elderly.
America has made great progress on racial justice because of the tireless and courageous efforts of many. But the illusory idea of a "post-racial" America is exposed as a lie by this nation's criminal justice system, the many recent attempts at racially based voter suppression, and now this decision by the Supreme Court.
That same week, the Court struck down the federal Defense of Marriage Act as unconstitutional and discriminatory against same-sex couples. The religious community is clearly divided on the issues surrounding marriage equality and what the Bible says about homosexuality. But I believe, along with a growing number of people in the faith community, that equal protection under the law is essential. While some Christians are conflicted about the theological issues involved, they also don't want churches to be the ones standing in the way of civil rights.


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A resolution setting a public hearing on the acceptance of a local law enforcement block grant.
Whereas, a local law enforcement grant from the United States Department of Justice has been made available to the Metropolitan Government; and,
Whereas, the special conditions of the grant award requires a public hearing on the proposed use of the grant funds prior to receiving the funds; and,
Whereas, a legal notice stating the date, time and place of said public hearing must be published in a newspaper of general circulation.
Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Council of the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County:
Section 1. That at the meeting of the Metropolitan Council to be held on Tuesday, August 6, 2002, at 7 p.m., in the Metropolitan Council Chamber on the second floor of the Metropolitan Courthouse and City Hall, the Council shall conduct a public hearing relative to the acceptance of the Local Law Enforcement Block Grant from the United States Department of Justice, at which any person or organization desiring to be heard regarding this matter will be afforded such an opportunity.
Section 2. That the Metropolitan Clerk be and is hereby directed to have published in the Tennessean, being a newspaper of general circulation in Nashville, Tennessee, a legal notice declaring a public hearing will be held at the time and place aforesaid in the manner prescribed by law.
Section 3. That this Resolution shall take effect from and after its adoption, the welfare of the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County requiring it.
Sponsored by: Jim Shulman,
David Briley
|Referred to:
|Public Safety Committee
|July 16, 2002
|July 16, 2002
|July 17, 2002