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The thirty-four chapters included in the present book, written in English, Spanish, German, and Italian, are organized along five categories that represent the major concentrations of Professor Piñero's research career, namely: Old and New Testament Apocrypha, New Testament Philology, The Origins of Christianity, Church Fathers and Christian Apologists, and a final chapter that includes some papers on diverse topics, entitled Miscellanea.
In order to not lose sight of the one for whom this Festschrift seek to honor, we open and close the volume with two biographical sketches. To begin with, Professor Jesús Peláez describes Piñero as a person and researcher, and Professor Carmen Padilla, another friend and keen follower of Piñero's research, puts an end to this volume with a selective summary of his most recent publications and describes how his writing has been received in academia and beyond.
The project that has culminated in these pages began around two years ago, when Professor Jesús Peláez, a friend and colleague of Professor Piñero, suggested the publication of a collective volume on the occasion of his retirement. The goal was to bring together a number of essays that, while related to Professor Piñeros research interests, would also constitute a fresh addition to current scholarship. By doing so, the book would capture a snapshot of the developments in the field of biblical studies, to which the honouree continues to make valuable contributions. The following months demonstrated the extent of Professor Piñeros renown, as we received no less than fifty proposals, all of them exceeding our most ambitious expectations. Soon, we enlisted more colleagues to help us manage a venture of this calibre. We are grateful to Lourdes Sánchez Moreno (secretary of GASCO, Semantic Analysis Group of the University of Cordoba) for her impeccable organizational skills, and to other members of GASCO, especially to Dámaris Romero González, whose guidance has been invaluable. Likewise, we would like to thank the editorial committee and the reviewers of the international journal Filología Neotestamentaria, who anonymously carried out the arduous task of reviewing each paper, in order to achieve the necessary academic and formal quality the volume now boasts. At this point, we are sincerely thankful to Professor Thomas Hudgins for his comments and corrections. After this lengthy process, all that remained was to edit, typeset, and design the complete manuscript. Antonio Luis Beltrán Aranda created the final layout and has our gratitude for his excellent work and enthusiasm.
The volumes first section, Old and New Testament Apocrypha, begins with two chapters that focus on the literary similarities and differences between the canonical and the apocryphal writings. These chapters analyse two figures that up to now have not received their due attention in current scholarship: Yahoel and Elihu. In The Angel Yahoel and the Two Messiahs of the Apocalypse of Abraham, Israel Knohl (Hebrew University of Jerusalem) sketches a portrait of Yahoel based on a variety of sources, such as the Old Testament, the literature of Qumran and, especially, the Apocalypse of Abraham. Knohls conclusions suggest answers to questions as intriguing as the similarities between Yahoel and Jesus, or the intentions of the anonymous author of the apocryphal Apocalypse. Jozef Jancovic (Comenius University in Bratislava, Catholic Theological Faculty of Saint Cyril and Methodius), in turn presents us with The diabolization of Elihu in the Testament of Job, in which he tackles the evolution of the character of Elihu from the canonical writings to the Testament of Job, tracing Elihus transformation into a diavoli auditor et adiutor.
The section continues with three additional chapters that focus on the similarities between the New Testament and Apocryphal literature by using a comparative approach. The authors are Ilaria Ramelli (Oxford University), Ángel Narro (University of Valencia), and Consuelo Ruiz Montero (University of Murcia). With Two Syriac Apocryphal Acts of Apostles: the Doctrina Addai and the Acta Maris, Ramelli brings to the fore the testimony of these two late apocryphal texts (dating from the 4th/5th and the 6th centuries respectively, even if rooted in the tradition of the first centuries of Christianity) to discuss the phenomenon of the evangelisation of strategically important cities in the history of Christianity. Indeed, the apocryphal texts attest how Edessa and Osrhoene were Christianised by the labour of Addai, one of the seventy-two disciples of Jesus, and Mar Mari, the formers own disciple. Ramelli's conclusions are sure to echo throughout the scholarly world for years to come. She argues that the legendary elements of the two texts must not deter us from paying attention to the notable historical detail, which just might qualify them as a kind of 'historical novels" of their day.
The great interest of present scholarship in apocryphal characters is evident in the next two chapters of the volume, both of which focus on Thecla, but from differing, and perhaps even complementary, perspectives. Thus, on the one hand, Ángel Narros Las otras Teclas. La importancia de un nombre en el cristianismo primitivo y la antigüedad tardía glances over twelve illustrious characters in several Mediterranean regions, spanning from the 3rd to the 7th centuries. Narro traces the history of the name Thecla in early Christianity and late antiquity. Consuelo Ruiz Montero (University of Murcia), on the other hand, in her Los apócrifos Hechos de Pablo y Tecla y sus modelos narrativos turns to literary theory, applying Propps functionalist method of literary analysis to demonstrate convincingly the Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles debt to Greek romantic works, such as The Ephesian Tale of Anthia and Habrocomes, Metiochus and Parthenope, or Joseph and Aseneth.
The field of Greek semantics remains a fertile ground for the exploration of the New Testament, be it an attempt to elucidate hidden meanings of sacred texts or using the New Testament as a core text for linguistic research with implications that go far beyond biblical studies. This is evidenced by the second section of the present volume, New Testament Philology. The section begins with the chapters of Paul Danove (Villanova University), Francis Pang (McMaster Divinity College), and Stephen Levinsohn (SIL International), each of whom has chosen to make a contribution to one of this field's most fruitful areas of research, namely the Greek verbal system. Danove, in New Testament Verbs of Communication with Active and Middle Forms: The Distinction, focuses on the verbs of communication ἀπειλέω, διατάσσω, εὐαγγελίζω, and, especially, αἰτέω. Building on his previous work on verb voices, Danove concentrates here on the role of context in determining whether a lexeme takes the active or middle voice.
In the second chapter of this section, Why We Need an Annotated Representative Corpus of Hellenistic Greek: The Compositionality of Greek Aktionsart for Movement Verbs as an Example, Francis Pang revisits the supposition that aspect is a feature of the tense-form, and that Aktionsart depends on tense-form as well as on other clausal and contextual features. Pang works on a representative sample of Hellenistic texts that allows him to revaluate the relationship between telicity and perfectivity in Koine Greek. Secondly, Stephen Levinsohn analyzes the oppositional system of the Greek verbal tense, concentrating on what is commonly seen as the three chief oppositions: a) verbs in the indicative are only marked for aspect, b) verbs in the indicative are marked for both aspect and tense, and c) verbs in the indicative are marked for aspect and location, remote or proximate. Following a detailed analysis of verbal tense in context, Levinsohn offers what is, in my view, a refreshing alternative to the well-known systems proposed by Mateos (1977), Fanning (1990), Porter (1992), Evans (2001), Conrad (2002), Rijksbaron (2006), and Campbell (2007), among others.
In keeping with the topic of New Testament Semantics, but moving away from the intricacies of the Greek verbal system, two authors undertake an analysis of certain semantic fields of the New Testament. J. Granger Cook (LaGrange College), in The Greek Vocabulary for Resurrection in Paganism, examines literary parallels close to the time of the New Testament that were likely sources of influence for its authors, on which the early Christians may have relied to make sense of the phenomenon of resurrection. Cook draws our attention to the similarities between the vocabulary of the New Testament and that used by writers to describe the resurrections of pagan gods, such as Dionysus, Osiris, Horus, Adonis, and the Tyrian Heracles.
Jordi Redondo (University of Valencia), in Aticismos, Koinismos y semitismos en la lengua de Lucas, tackles the vocabulary of Luke and the influence of non-literary Koine, Atticisms, and the alleged Semitic strand on its composition. The author weighs the importance of the blend of these three elements in Lukes writings.
With a blend of semantics and lexicography, the next three chapters raise questions about the difficulties of the Bible's translation and offer innovative solutions. In Opening the Greek World to All: Creating a Chinese-Greek Lexical Database of the New Testament, Eric Wong (Chinese University of Hong Kong) argues how a Chinese-Greek lexical database of the New Testament could facilitate a clearer understanding of the text for Chinese-language readers, using information technology and the latest biblical linguistic scholarship. This telematic tool would also allow Chinese academics to approach the New Testament from a scholarly perspective without a knowledge of Ancient Greek.
Following this, three members of the GASCO research group demonstrate the usefulness of the analytical methodology developed by Juan Mateos and applied by Jesús Peláez in preparing the Diccionario Griego-Español del Nuevo Testamento (DGENT). Marta Merino (University of Cordoba), in La preposición διά en el griego del Nuevo Testamento.
Ensayo de análisis semántico, uses the methodological principles to approach one of the most versatile and semantically difficult units: of speech, namely the preposition. Her analysis of διά promises to advance not only the development of DGENT (in progress), but also the linguistic understanding of prepositions in general.
Jesús Peláez (University of Cordoba) in Definition of the Lexeme ἀγάπη in Greek New Testament Dictionaries: A Comparative Study deals with the meaning of the lexeme ἀγάπη with the aim of comparing the analysiss results in the framework of DGENT with those of the two only dictionaries of the New Testament that usually, but not systematically, take a step forward in their lexicographical method by offering definitions of words, namely the J.P. Louw - E.A. Nida (eds) and the Bauer-Danker (BDAG). In his view, what highly strikes the attention is their absence of a semantic analysiss method when constructing the definitions of lexemes, and that there is not indications concerning to the contextual factor that modifies the basic meaning and, consequently, the translation of a given lexeme.
Bringing together semantics and biblical exegesis, Lourdes García Ureña (CEU San Pablo University, Madrid) treats a topic that is returning to scholarly attention after being off the radar for almost two decades: the meaning of colour terms. Her article El oro: metal y color en el Nuevo Testamento is a revision of the meaning in context of the lexemes χρυσοῦς, χρυσός, and χρυσίον, by also noticing how this meaning changes between the Apocalypse (the authors field of expertise) and the rest of the New Testament.
The section entitled Textual Criticism and Translation is more eclectic in its topics. It begins with Wim Hendriks (Tilburg University) and his contribution Translating New Testament Greek: A Critical Discussion. The roots of this chapter can be traced to Hendrikss research in the early 1970's, which culminated in the following controversial pronouncement: The Greek text of the Gospels does not represent the original, but is rather a text of the third and fourth centuries. Building on his research in the field over the years, Hendriks now offers a collection of examples that present a kind of panorama of the consequences of his theory, both in the interpretation of the Gospels and in their translation into modern languages.
Adelbert Denaux (University of Leuven) and Albert Hogeterp (Tilburg University) make a further contribution to Lukan studies with their Parallelismus Membrorum in Lukes Greek: Revisiting a Synoptic Perspective. The researchers reevaluate the widely accepted hypothesis that Lukes writing strives to avoid any repetition or redundancy while preserving the substance of Jesus words. Denaux and Hogeterp examine the Semitic Parallelismi Membrorum, as well as several Semitic linguistic traits that underlie Lukes Gospel.
Moving on to the transmission of biblical texts, Didier Lafleur (Institut de recherche et dhistoire des textes CNRS) and Luis Gil (Complutense University of Madrid) dedicate their chapters, respectively, to recent findings in Albanian manuscripts and to the history of the Complutensian Polyglot Bible. Lafleurs Greek New Testament Philology and Rediscovered Treasures: The Case of the Manuscripts from Albania presents new findings from one of the most important libraries of the Byzantine period, The Albanian National Archives of Tirana, approaching volumes dated between the 6th and 14th centuries. Future research will no doubt demonstrate the high impact of this discovery on New Testament textual criticism.
Luis Gil, in Sobre el texto griego del NT de la Poliglota Complutense, carries out a detailed study of the Complutensian Polyglot Bibles New Testament, which celebrated its quincentennial only two years ago. This chapter focuses primarily on the textual origins of the Greek edition, trying to determine the texts the authors may have used for editing the fifth volume of this Bible. Gil points to three codices mentioned in the 1512 inventory of San Ildefonsos College, the first one related to the Gospels, the second to the Apocalypse and the Gospel of Matthew, and the third to the Acts of the Apostles and the canonical epistles.
The next topic of the volume are the Pauline epistles, with a section comprising works of seven researchers who demonstrate the vigour of this field in current academic research.
To begin with, Together with all those who in every place call on the name of the Lord (1Cor 1,2): Pauls References to Other Christians in 1 and 2 Corinthians, by Christoph Stenschke (Forum Wiedenest, Germany, and University of South Africa, Pretoria), explores the significance and function of the church by analysing Pauls references to other churches. Stenschke begins with a detailed commentary of where other congregations are mentioned in 1 and 2 Corinthians, answering many questions and raising many others. Without a doubt, ecclesiology is one of Paul's major focal points in his letters. Not only does he attempt to relativize the peculiarities of each congregation, he also tries to situate these communities in the broader context of early Christianity. In Stenschkes view, Pauls first step is to make himself into a hub of the wheel, the centre of the Christian movement, and to apply the same rules to all believers. Paul then wishes to establish a communitarian network of a variety of churches scattered across the Mediterranean, strengthening the union through an ethical consensus and a monetary one. Rhetorically, Paul attempts to demonstrate that the isolation where many congregations find themselves living is illusory, and that they are not the only pebbles on the beach, as Stenschke says.
Similarly inspired by historical research, Xabier Deop (Catholic University of Avila), in La crisis de Corinto, deals with an issue that has remained open since the writings of Friedrich Bleek in 1830. Deop reviews existing proposals and offers a complete reconstruction of the events of the Corinthian crisis that aims to tie up loose ends in the discussion.
Thomas W. Hudgins (Capital Seminary and Graduate School of Washington, D.C.), in Pauls Unique Appeal for Mimesis in Gal 4,12, explores the meaning of mimesis among the Pauls letters to the Galatians and to the Corinthians. In Hudginss opinion, it is not a coincidence that the first direct imperative in the Galatians is a call to imitation, μιμηταί μου γίνεσθε, with which Paul incites the Galatians to be like him (Gal 4:12). Still, the meaning of this invitation is far from clear, so Hudgins explores different examples of mimesis in the Pauline corpus in order to shed some clarity on this riddle.
The next four works devote their attention to Pauls letter to the Hebrews. Keith Elliott (University of Leeds), in The Epistle to the Hebrews: Textual Variation and Philological Considerations, approaches some of the most problematic sections of the letter, such as Heb 2:9, 4:2, 11:11, 11:37, and 12:3. For Elliott, rather than a letter sensu stricto, the letter to the Hebrews should be considered an anonymous homily, the circumstances of composition and the authorship of which are extremely difficult to determine. For this reason, Elliott considers it essential to closely analyse the textual variations in terms of what these can reveal about the original text, before any judgment can be made about the texts exegetical significances.
David Alan Black (Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary of Wake Forest, NC), a collaborator in the base translation of the New Testament for the International Standard Version, restricts his discussion to the translation of a single verse in his Notes on the Translation of Hebrews 6:1. Black begins by reviewing how other English translation of the New Testament have dealt with the passage, and approaches it from both lexicographic and semantic perspectives, with special emphasis on aspect. This leads him to a detailed consideration of φερώμεθα in its linguistic and exegetical qualities.
Vittorio Ricci (Posta Fibreno), in turn, treats a controversial ethical aspect of Hebrews in La δύναμις di συμπαθεῖν (Eb 4,15) e di μετριοπαθεῖν (Eb 5,1). In his view, συμπαθεῖν means the perennial and continuous action of sustaining really and efficiently the human weakness in the merciful context. On the contrary, μετριοπαθεῖν describes the same experience of earthly and temporal situation, every levitical high priest in having common weakness, like every human being shares in. Ricci performs a profound exegetical analysis of the two concepts by focusing on the letter to the Hebrews while also opening his inquiry to a wide range of biblical and extra-biblical literature.
Finally, Panayotis Coutsoumpos (University of Montemorelos) closes the section on Pauline studies with his Jesus the High Priest in the Epistle to the Hebrews. Coutsoumposs article engages with a dispute in academia regarding the idea of priesthood, as it appears in Heb 5:1-10. While discussing the differences between two kinds of priesthood that of Melchizedek and that of Jesus the author also points out notable similarities.
As the volume moves onto the subject of synoptic texts, Fernando Bermejo Rubio (National Distance Education University, Madrid) discusses the Gospel of John in Y vendrán los romanos
(Jn 11, 48). Sobre la identidad de los responsables del arresto de Jesús el galileo. Bermejo Rubio summarizes the many inconsistencies that baffle readers who try to determine who was responsible for Jesus' arrest. He questions the scholarly consensus and offers his own reconstruction of the arrest narrative, from both an exegetical and historical point of view.
The Origins of Christianity may be seen as the main topic of this celebratory volume. In this section, three distinguished researchers dedicate their efforts to considering the origins of Christianity from the cultural and the textual perspectives. Anders Klostergaard Petersen (University of Aarhus) opens this section with Cultural Evolution, Axial Age, and the Formation of Early Christianity. In this chapter, Klostergaard puts forward a description of Christianitys long voyage across cultural contexts by making use of his concept of axial age thinking. The author likens time and space in Christian historiography, declaring that Christianity is a cultural entity that has succeeded in reproducing itself for almost two thousand years just as it has managed to disseminate itself over wide areas of space.
In the next chapter, Dating the Composition of New Testament Books and Their Influence upon Reconstructing the Origins of Christianity, Stanley E. Porter (McMaster Divinity College of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada), sets aside his renowned interest in verbal aspect in order to tackle one of the most basic issues of New Testament philology: the date of Paul's Letters, the Gospels, and the Acts of the Apostles. Porter highlights certain problems pertaining to traditional dating schemes and, somewhat provocatively, advocates very early dating for the books in question.
Tobias Nicklas in Neutestamentliche Kanongeschichte als Geschichte eines Buches? offers a critical discussion of David Trobischs thesis. In the Trobischs view, the history of the New Testament canon should not be understood as the history of the development of several collections of early Christian books, but as the history of one book already edited in the second century. Nicklas, however, discusses Trobischs main arguments regarding nomina sacra, the codex form, and the sequence of books, and concludes that the classical hypothesis is still to be preferred to the Trobisch's one.
Pedro Giménez de Aragón Sierra (University of Pablo de Olavide, Seville) ponders the value of the Epistle of James for reconstructing the origins of Judeo-Chistianity in La Carta de Santiago y los orígenes del judeocristianismo. Like Porter, Giménez de Aragón debates the dating of the New Testament books and concludes that there exists enough information to support the early dating that places them around the first century A.D. He proceeds to analyse the fundamental concepts of the epistle, such as Logos, the theology of Wisdom, the social doctrine, and the Epistles role in the debate on faith and works. The implications of this analysis lead Giménez de Aragón to position Jamess epistle in opposition to that of Paul, thereby gaining further ground in situating each one in its proper context.
The section closes with Xabier Pikazas Gebira: en el comienzo de la mariología, an exegetical study of biblical and extra-biblical sources that allow Pikaza (Pontifical University of Salamanca) to amalgamate an impressive description of Mary, the mother of Jesus, of the events of her life, and of the way she was perceived by those who mention her in their writings.
The next section, Church Fathers and Christian Apologists, represents another field of interest that the honoree has explored quite extensively. Miguel Herrero (Complutense University of Madrid) opens the section with a chapter inspired by Piñero's research. Problemas textuales y de traducción en las Sentencias del Pseudo-Focílides is a study of the textual problems of Pseudo-Phocylidess The Sentences, as contained in verses 1-2, 23, 69b, 81-82, 97-98, 104, 105-111, 141, 189, 218, and 228. Herreros convincing argumentation, supported by lexical and grammatical rather than ideological justifications, is bound to influence future editions and translations of Pseudo-Phocylidess work.
La novela del Pseudo-Clemente, by Gonzalo del Cerro (University of Malaga), like the aforementioned chapters of Ramelli, Narro, and García Montero, delves into the current scholarly debate on the origins of the novelistic genre and its relationship with biblical characters and topics. Here, the author focuses on what is known as Pseudo-Clementine Literature to argue that the novel did not appear on the literary landscape in a spontaneously, but as a result of a long process of stylistic and directional experimentation.
The fruitful field of Gnostic studies, to which Prof Piñero has been a valuable contributor, is the topic of the next chapter, Justino Mártir y el gnosticismo: comparación de teorías sobre el mal con un origen común. In it, María José Brotóns (University of Valladolid) explores the intercultural links between early Christianity (2nd century A.D.), and the surrounding pagan cultures concerning the problem of evil. Brotóns touches on issues as varied as the necessity of gaining knowledge (gnosis) of evil so as to be able to avoid it, the character of the snake in the Old Testament, the prominence of angels in the treatment of human sin, and, finally, the theory of free will in the writings of Justin.
The three chapters closing the volume venture beyond the thematic parameters of previous sections, and, consequently, are collected in a section of their own, entitled Miscellanea. Jaime Vázquez Allegue (Pontifical University of Comillas), in 4Q318: El Libro de Brontología de Qumrán, presents a study of one of the major elements of the Qumranic canon the calendar. By concentrating on the latter part of the 4Q318 manuscript identified as PAM 43.374 and ROC 805 , Vázquez Allegue offers a new revised edition, translation, and commentary.
Emilio Suárez de la Torre (Pompeu Fabra University) devotes his chapter El azufre y la pentápolis en un hechizo erótico (PGM XXXVI = P. Bibl. Univ. Oslo inv.1, ll. 295-311) to the examination of magic in the Jewish tradition, preserved directly through the Papyri Osloenses. Per the author, view, these texts exemplify intercultural permeability through evidencing a Judaeo-Hellenico-Egyptian cross-fertilization.
Finally, Chrys C. Caragounis (University of Lund) calls due attention to an error common in New Testament philology, Classics, and historiography, in Greco-Roman: A Term of Convenience or of Uncertainty? In current scholarship, the term Greco-Roman is used widely, but without a consensus or even much reflection on its meaning. To clarify matters, Caragounis cites no less than sixty cases in which the meaning of Greco-Roman is vague, and calls for a standardized terminology that would clearly distinguish between things Hellenic and things Roman.
The briefly reviewed articles are followed by a complete bibliography, an Index of References, of Authors, and of Key Words.
Israel M. Gallarte
University of Cordoba


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Bigotry: The Dark Danger
At the time the Qur'an was revealed, nobody was aware of the molecule hemoglobin and there was no such medical term in existence. Hemoglobin, which transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood in our bodies and that gives blood its red color, was only discovered in the 19th century.
Hemoglobin forms thanks to the element iron (Fe) in our bodies and is of vital importance to the performance of vital functions. The element iron (Fe) present in the middle of hemoglobin binds itself to oxygen and thus carries oxygen in the blood. For that reason, the hemoglobin molecule can be considered together with the element iron.
In verse 25 of Surat al-Fath, the letters comprising the words Fe (iron) and hemoglobin miraculously appear side by side. In addition, the letters comprising hemoglobin do not appear side by side in any other verse. This exceptional circumstance is one of the proofs of the Creation of Almighty Allah, the Lord of the past and future, He who is unfettered by time.
* The word hemoglobin is written almost the same in Turkish, Arabic, English and other languages. The letters comprising the word hemoglobin appear side by side from left to right.2010-07-03 00:55:35

subset: commoncrawl


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BETHESDA, Md., Sept. 11, 2002 - The National Advisory Council for Human Genome Research has recommended adding the cow, the dog and the ciliate Oxytricha to the high-priority list of model organisms that should be considered for genome sequencing as capacity becomes available. Cow and dog join a growing group of high priority animals that includes chimpanzee, chicken and honeybee. Sequencing projects on the human, mouse and rat genomes are progressing rapidly, making sequencing capability supported by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) available soon for work on other organisms.
"The priority list is based on medical and biological opportunities," said NHGRI Director Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D. "But it is not yet a commitment to sequence the genomes of these organisms."
Sequencing the cow, along with the honeybee and the chicken, is expected to speed up studies of these agriculturally important animals. The proposal to sequence the cow was submitted by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, the University of Illinois and Texas A&M University.
"I am delighted that NIH has decided to give high priority to sequencing the bovine genome," said Joseph Jen, Under Secretary, Research, Education, and Economics, U.S. Department of Agriculture. "Sequencing the bovine genes will help in the development of meat and dairy products that consumers want while maintaining and increasing the safety of our food supply. USDA looks forward to participating in the research."
The proposal to sequence the dog was submitted by researchers at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Wash., the Whitehead/MIT Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, Mass., and the Canine Genome Mapping Community, including researchers from a wide range of universities and institutions. The dog genome is expected to have medical benefits since dogs suffer many of the same diseases as humans. The dog is also an important model for the genetics of behavior and is used extensively in pharmaceutical research.
In addition to dog and cow, council upgraded the priority of Oxytricha trifallax, a ciliated protozoan that has been used in scientific studies for more than a century, from moderate to high priority. The proposal to sequence the free-living, single-celled organism came from a team of researchers at the University of Utah, Princeton University and the Utah Genome Center at the University of Utah. The unique organism has a macronucleus containing a large number of chromosomes that appear to carry only one gene, or a small number of genes, and, presumably, its regulatory regions of DNA.
Finally, council agreed with GRASPP to assigned moderate priority to Trichoplax, a primitive single-celled organism with a relatively small genome of 50 megabases or less. Researchers at Yale University, Oxford University and Baylor College of Medicine had proposed the organism.
NHGRI created a priority-setting process in 2001 to make rational decisions about the many requests being brought forward by various communities of scientists, each championing the animals used in its own research. Having the genome sequence of a model organism helps profoundly in the study of the biology of that animal. Comparisons with other genomes also help interpret the human reference sequence.
The institute uses the priority list to determine which genomes will enter the sequencing pipeline at the three large-scale sequencing facilities NHGRI currently supports. The priority-setting process does not result in new grants for sequencing the organisms. The three funded centers are: The Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research in Cambridge, Mass.; the Genome Sequencing Center at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Mo.; and the Human Genome Sequencing Center at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Tex.
To nominate an organism, NHGRI asks scientists to write a white paper that justifies the substantial investment of acquiring an animal's genome sequence. White papers can be submitted three times a year, with deadlines on February 10, June 10 and October 10.
The white papers are reviewed by the Genome Resources and Sequencing Priority Panel (GRASPP), a blue-ribbon group NHGRI established to help set priorities. Evaluation criteria include an assessment of the medical importance of the proposed project; its importance to basic biological and evolutionary studies; the size of the research community interested in the DNA sequence; and the availability of additional research tools that would allow investigators to take maximal advantage of the new genomic sequence data.
"The priority is always subject to re-evaluation and is not a permanent designation or a commitment to begin sequencing," said William M. Gelbart, Ph.D., from Harvard University, a member of institute's advisory council and chairman of the GRASPP. "Our charge is to triage the many requests the NHGRI receives."
The panel recommends a ranking of high, moderate or low priority, and does not provide more fine-grained rankings within each category. NHGRI's advisory council agrees or disagrees with the ranking.
But even achieving high priority does not mean a center will automatically begin sequencing the organism. Capacity must first become available, and then NHGRI staff, assisted by its Sequencing Advisory Panel and sequencing center staff, must agree on the resources to expend on each organism.
Following these steps, the Washington University genome center was recently granted permission to begin work on the chicken genome; The Whitehead Institute/MIT center will begin work on several species of fungi of biomedical importance; and the Washington University and Whitehead centers will together begin work on the chimpanzee, in collaboration with colleagues in Germany and Asia. Baylor will begin work soon on the honeybee and the sea urchin genomes. Baylor also will devote capacity to sequencing the Drosophila pseudoobscura genome approved through another process.
The National Advisory Council for Human Genome Research is a federally chartered committee that establishes program priorities and goals for the institute and also provides second-level review of grant applications for NHGRI's extramural program. It meets three times a year, in February, May and September
Background on the advisory council
Geoff Spencer
Phone: (301) 402-0911
Last Updated: July 31, 2012


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Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
Cellino's bid for Leeds wobbles
Leeds' owners are understood to be poised to open talks with another consortium as Italian businessman Massimo Cellino's takeover bid floundered.
Gulf Finance House Capital agreed a deal to sell 75 per cent of the club's shares to Cellino's company, Eleonora Sport Ltd, on Friday.
But after the Cagliari owner's failed attempt to sack manager Brian McDermott later the same day, it emerged his legal representatives had been escorted from Elland Road premises on Monday.
McDermott, who stayed away from Leeds' 5-1 derby win against Huddersfield at the weekend as the club's latest takeover saga plunged into farce, reported for duties as normal on Monday morning after GFH Capital confirmed the 52-year-old had not been sacked.
He was unable to end continued speculation about who will take control of the Sky Bet Championship club at a press conference, but it is now understood Sport Capital, whose takeover deal collapsed last Thursday, have joined forces with another British consortium, Together Leeds.
Following reports the same solicitor who had told McDermott he was sacked via a telephone call on Friday night, had been led out of Elland Road by the club's current managing director David Haigh, it seems a second takeover bid is far from a formality.
GFH Capital agreed a similar deal with Yorkshire-based consortium Sport Capital in November, but after a two-month exclusivity period that deal collapsed last Thursday.
Together Leeds, which includes former Manchester United director Mike Farnan and former Hull chairman Adam Pearson, who left his position as commercial director at Elland Road in 2001, had been hoping to enter into talks with GFH Capital.
After returning to the training ground, former Reading boss McDermott said he could not walk away from the club following the scenes of support shown by fans during Saturday's 5-1 win despite receiving advice from "big people in the game" to do so.
He said he had been given written assurances by GFH Capital, but still had no idea who the club's owners would be when his side face Yeovil in a league fixture on Saturday.
When asked if his position was more secure than it had been on Friday, McDermott said: "I've no idea. I can't answer that question."
Of his assurances, he added: "I've got them written down, so that's the most important thing and I needed them.
"Basically I'm responsible for all football matters at the club."
McDermott refused to apportion any blame for the sequence of events.
"It would be easy for me to sit here and say that I've been let down and start blaming people," he said.
"I would suggest that this situation should never happen to a football manager or to staff and players. It's not right and let's hope it never happens again."
McDermott added: "What comes in the future, I don't know.
"We're still up in the air. There's still obviously talks (going on), there's rumours about rumours, there's been a lot of speculation about all sorts of things."


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Abstract: The Invisible Sex: Some Thoughts on the Role of Women in Prehistory
Since the seminal discovery of lithic artifacts in association with the remains of extinct Pleistocene fauna in southwestern France during the middle of the 19thCentury, a variety of stereotypes have persisted on the role(s) of women in the past. These generally negative stereotypes have persisted up to the present for a variety of complex reasons. Foremost among them was the inability of investigators to entertain alternative explanations as well as a fundamental failure to recognize and appropriately evaluate evidence contradictory to these stereotypes. This myopia was compounded by the domination of Paleoanthropology by males until relatively recently. Due to the so-called "tyranny of preservation," stereotypes about women in the past also stress the primacy of stone tools in understanding ancient lifeways and emphasize the specialized hunting of now extinct Pleiocene and Pleistocene megafauna by mature males. Indeed, the central role of hunting by males is often presented to this day as the be-all and end-all of Ice Age lifeways. If mentioned at all, women as well as the old and the young of both sexes are characterized solely as minor players. Careful assessment of the available information from both the Old and the New World indicates that the andro-litho-centric view of the past with its "men in furs sticking sharp spears into large animals" image is fatally flawed. Current information about early lifeways is assessed and evaluated, and a very different behavioral scenario is presented.
AIA Tours


text: On Wed, 13 Mar 2002, Donald B. Kinghorn wrote: > It's there, even in the 1.0 bios. I used it to temporary get around the fact > that the board wont boot with a SIS video card ... this is fixed in the 1.01 > bios by the way ... should update. The console rederect line in the bios > screens is at the bottom of the first or second bios screen (don't remember > at the moment) you wont see it unless you scroll down :-) > > FYI the 2466 is looking to be good ... I just used 12 of them in a system and > only had 1 failure ... A remark/comment/question: We just tested MSI's MPX motherboard yesterday which doesn't appear to have a video console at all. It came with a very cheap 32/33 ATI Rage video card in a 64/66 PCI slot. When we first tried booting it and PXE installing it the system continually locked up. By experimenting (swapping and pulling cards) we determined that the reason it was locking was the video card on a 64/66 slot. If the video card was in a 64/66 slot it would boot, sort of, but hang at random times. The network card would lose huge numbers of packets (inferred by the delay and the fact that it eventually delivered corrupted information) until eventually the system hung. In a 32/33 slot the system booted and installed fine and now is running happily. This is a real problem for a system intended to be used with a 64/66 riser and no serial console, and a bit unsettling anyway as it seems like it is a bug somewhere (but who owns it?) and a potential system destabilizer. The question is then: Does the Tyan exhibit this behavior? Did you try PXE booting it with a 32/33 card in a 64/66 slot? We haven't yet tested the installed MSI system to see if it remains unstable once booted from local disk with the video card put back in a 64/66 slot, but that might be worth knowing as well. Or course the same question would hold for other 32/33 cards -- is it a card problem (some specific cards don't work) a card KIND problem (some KINDS of cards don't work) or just a (762 MPX?) problem (NO cards work)? I had thought that 64/66 slots were supposed to automatically adjust for older narrower slower cards. If they don't that will be a real problem for node designers who are likely to have only one or two riser slots, probably on the 64/66 part of the PCI bus, and may need to put a cheap video card or other 32/33 device onto it. With the Tyan this is less of an issue because it does have a working serial console and even an onboard 100BT NIC (so one should only need the riser slot(s) for a high speed 64/66 NIC, but I'd still be very interested to know if this is a generic problem with the underlying chipset, a particular problem of the MSI board, or an accidental problem with that particular video card and a 64/66 slot. Comments, remarks, instruction, suggestions welcome. rgb -- Robert G. Brown http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/ Duke University Dept. of Physics, Box 90305 Durham, N.C. 27708-0305 Phone: 1-919-660-2567 Fax: 919-660-2525 email:rgb at phy.duke.edu


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text:
Fundamentals are positive for a pickup in the pace of U.S. cotton exports. According to a market analyst at the Ag Market Network's May teleconference, foreign exporters have finally run out of cotton to ship or are now priced too high.
The United States, with an exportable supply of around 8 million bales, is waiting only for an active buyer.
The big question is when that buyer, China, will start buying. According to Peter Egli, with Plexus Cotton, "domestic supplies in China seem plentiful now, although there are some who believe by June or July, the situation could get tight. If true, then China would have to rely on substantial amounts of imports to tide them over to new crop. They would also start next season with fairly tight stocks."
According to USDA, China had imported 6.5 million bales of cotton for the current marketing year through March. The figure jumps to 9.5 million to 10 million bales when 1.5 million bales of U.S. sales currently on ships to China are added, along with cotton shipped in April to China and shipments of foreign growths.
This leaves an additional 3 million to 3.5 million bales that need to be bought in the May-July time period (to fill USDA's 13 million-bale import forecast for China in 2006-07). "It's fair to assume that 75 percent to 80 percent of the requirement will have to come from the United States.
"But imports won't stop on July 31, as China will need more cotton in August and September to tide it over to new crop. Since China textile mills consume about 4 million bales a month, by July, we estimate that most of their supplies will have dried up. So a lot of what they need will have to come from imported cotton."
Egli expects that from May to September, China will buy 4 million to 5 million bales of U.S. cotton, about a million bales a month. "And China is not the only market that will need cotton between now and September. We know that Turkey, Pakistan and Indonesia will still need to buy a fair amount of cotton."
With about 8.6 million bales of exportable supplies in the United States minus China's 4 million to 5 million bales, and with other markets importing between 3 million to 4 million bales, the expected exports "should take care of most of this unsold position we have in the United States."
Cotton prices haven't reflected this possibility because the market is still focused on an ending stocks number of 9.5 million bales, Egli said. "However, the number is telling us how many bales are physically located in the United States at that point in time. The market should concentrate on the fact that most of the U.S. exportable supply will have been sold before the new crop is harvested.
"If nearly all them will have a home before October, then I don't think we should be depressed about the 9.5 million-bale inventory number."
Another question is why the United States has become the supplier of last resort, a situation which has kept U.S. ending stocks high for much of the marketing year.
Egli says the disappearance of the Step 2 payment "has forced the United States to stand last in line in the fight for exports. Until recently, other growths from India and other countries sold their cottons first. They are now basically sold out, or have become expensive, and the United States has moved back into the limelight.
"Many traders feel that it is too little, too late to catch up, and the burden of stocks will depress prices in months to come. However, I'm not convinced that this argument holds true, even if you believe that China will only import 50 million bales this season."
Egli believes U.S. export shipments should improve sooner than later, "now that the AWP (adjusted world price) blending process has begun. We need about 440,000 bales a week to make our current export forecast, which I believe is possible." Starting with the May 24 export shipment report, Egli expects shipments to exceed the rate needed to meet the export number.


text: Home > Experts > Question Question Posted by: Zee | 2007/07/23 I need to stop my period - URGENT Hi , I need to stop my period by today. I've been taking promlet-N 3 times a day since Sat but I still have a brown discharge. Anything else that'll stop this ?PLease help , it's urgent. Not what you were looking for? Try searching again, or ask your own question Our expert says: GynaeDoc Unfortunately not. It is difficult to stop a period that has already started. The Primolut should be started at least a week before your period is due.Best wishes The information provided does not constitute a diagnosis of your condition. You should consult a medical practitioner or other appropriate health care professional for a physical exmanication, diagnosis and formal advice. Health24 and the expert accept no responsibility or liability for any damage or personal harm you may suffer resulting from making use of this content. Have your say Your name (optional) Your comment Security × Thanks for commenting! Your comment will appear on the site shortly. Search health advice Find an answer × Thanks for commenting! Your comment will appear on the site shortly. Reply to Your name (optional) Your comment Security Close Submit comment Recently: Asked Questions Answered Questions Commented Questions Flu vaccine makes me moody. The terrible twos (continue from previous question) Wat beteken diskuspatologie moet uitgeskakel word in C3 - 5 vanaf n been flikkergram toets Odourless itchy discharge Hoofpyn Intermittent fasting for women Side Effects on Ritalin and Concerta My 7-year-old son is on Methylphenidate and Zoxadon Aroused by my cousin Inability to ejaculate Asthma cough Mucus producing cough Can my medication combination increase GERD? Can I break a rib while coughing? Forgetting things advertisement From our sponsors Chela-Fer® iron supplement is easy on the gut for better days Do you suffer from red, itchy eyes? Effective treatment for ADHD is available


text: Vincent van Gogh's paintings have captured the minds and hearts of millions. He has made art lovers of those new to world of art. As a post impressionist and probably the most famous painter of all time, van Gogh has influenced generations of artists worldwide since his time. Trying to find the "bright colors of the South", Vincent settled to Arles in 1888, where he created 187 paintings in just two years until his death. Unfortunately, van Gogh neither reached his final destination Marseilles nor has he gone to where the colors are even much brighter ...As a german artist and full of admiration for Vincent's paintings I am dedicated to impressionistic artwork 'featuring Vincent van Gogh'. I really love "bright colors" and places all over the world where they can be found.As a biologist, I am enthused for art, nature, hiking, trekking or walking.As an author, I try to establish a link between those passions by publishing a book series called "ART WALKs - impressive and healthy journey in words and pictures".For me, art walks through Berlin together with my wife are most happy-making experiences. It can be just a walk in the park or neighborhood. Especially in everyday things you can often find a lot of art and beauty. Even on supposedly well-trodden paths along the sights of Berlin, you can experience many places and situations full of magic. In particular, contrasts are fascinating me. They are what makes Berlin so unique. Hardly any other European city is so sexy and full of highlights. Countless historical sites and famous buildings can be found right next to a variety of museums and other highlights.Join my art and have fun!Yours, Ralph


text:
Behind the Moves:
NHL General Managers Tell how Winners are Built
Already hailed as "the most important hockey book in over a decade", Behind the Moves is based on in-person interviews with every living NHL GM who has taken a team to the Stanley Cup final. Collectively these GMs represent over 500 seasons of GM experience.
Take a listen to what Jeff Marek
of SPORTSNET has to say
As Seen On
As Heard On
When the Anaheim Ducks beat the Detroit Red Wings 4-3 on May 22, 2007, a milestone was reached. With that win, Brian Burke became the 50th NHL General Manager to guide his team to the Stanley Cup Finals. Yet in 84 years of NHL history, only 32 GMs have won the Stanley Cup as a GM, and only 21 since 1967 expansion! Burke is one. There are only 30 GMs in the NHL. Burke is one….but one of a kind! Let 'Burkie' and the other Cup finalist GMs take you Behind the Moves and into the war rooms where team blueprints are made and executed; put you on the cell phone to trade shots with a fellow GM and negotiate the fate of a player on deadline day; or march you into the dressing room to address the team at a critical juncture in the season when they need to be pushed to greatness. All hockey eyes are on each and every NHL GM. The fickle fans and merciless media, teammates and opposing players, agents and owners are all watching and evaluating whether he has the heart, the mind, and the drive to become one of…Hockey's Greatest General Managers.
"Behind the Moves provides direct access to the greatest living hockey minds. It pulls back the velvet curtain on the GM community and lets readers access insiders' information about successful NHL general managers."
– Neil Smith, GM of the 1994 Stanley Cup Champion New York Rangers
Behind the Moves is a 252 page coffee-table book rich with hockey imagery, stories of wheeling and dealing, and the raw experiences of NHL GMs who built winners. The book honors these legendary GMs, provides a complete statistical ranking of their achievements, chronicles the evolution of their profession, and charts the inter-relationships between them – whether they emerged from the older Sam Pollock or Bill Torrey schools of franchise management, or patterned themselves after the more recent examples of NHL executive development modeled by the likes of Glen Sather or Pat Quinn. The book features a foreword by Toronto Maple Leafs GM Brian Burke and thereafter provides equal weight to the recollections, philosophies, and insights of the other GMs who have taken their team to the Stanley Cup Finals since the NHL assumed control of the Stanley Cup in 1926.
"Nothing like this book has been done before. An invaluable addition to hockey history and hockey lore."
– Frank Selke Jr., former NHL general manager and son of
legendary Montreal Canadiens GM, Frank Selke


text:
Home >> Course Descriptions >> College of Education
Low Incident Disabilities.
Three semester hours. (SP/SS)
The educational focus of this course will be on educational programs designed for children with moderate, severe or profound disabilities. Legal issues relating to moderate, severe and profound disabilities will be discussed. Emphasis will also include the characteristics of students with moderate, severe or profound disabilities. Prerequisite: Admission to the College of Education and 2.7 overall grade point average.
Home - General Information - Student Services -
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Undergraduate Degrees - Academic Graduate Regulations -
Graduate Degrees - Course Descriptions - Faculty -
Appendix A - Appendix B - Appendix C - Appendix D


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- MLK Day: Court Decision, U.S. "Government Agencies" Found Guilty in Martin Luther King's Assassination
- The Worldwide Network of US Military Bases
- How the West Re-colonized China
- Tectonic Shock in India-Russia Relationship
- India, Death by Demonetization: "Financial Genocide", The Crime of the Century
- Is Trump Already Finished? Threatens Iran and China, Neocons In Control of Foreign Policy?
and JP Morgan Chase
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Bridge Between Developed, Developing Worlds. China's Status in the Global Economy By , March 25, 2019
China-Africa Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): Africa Sees the Way Forward By , March 25, 2019
China: From Population Dividend to Reform Dividend By , March 25, 2019
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text:
DALLAS (Reuters) - Former President George W. Bush will step back into the spotlight on Thursday to dedicate his presidential library, along with President Barack Obama and former U.S. presidents Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton and George H.W. Bush.
The dedication will be the first meeting of the five living presidents since January 2009. First Lady Michelle Obama, former First Lady and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and former First Lady Barbara Bush, wife of George H.W. Bush and mother of George W. Bush, are expected to attend.
The 43rd president of the United States, Republican Bush left office during the Great Recession and has mostly kept out of the public eye since Democrat Obama's inauguration in January 2009.
The George W. Bush Presidential Center at Southern Methodist University has been designed to examine the issues of George W. Bush's presidency, including the September 11, 2001, attacks on the United States and the subsequent invasion of Iraq.
A new NBC/Wall Street Journal poll showed that 44 percent of Americans surveyed view Bush negatively compared to 35 percent who think favorably of him. But an expert on presidential history thinks the library and museum could help alter any negative perception.
"When presidents leave the White House, they have the opportunity to burnish their legacies and continue the good work they started while in the White House without the pressure of politics and dealing with the problems of the nation and the world," said Mark K. Updegrove, director of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library in Austin, Texas.
"Presidents retain the influence to make a difference, and for Bush that could be in Africa where his policies have done more to help that continent than anyone else's," said Updegrove, an author of books on presidential history.
One of Bush's accomplishments was a program launched in 2003 to combat the spread of AIDS in Africa, through which millions of HIV-infected people received drugs to keep them from getting the disease.
While Bush has not been as active as Clinton or Carter after their presidencies, he has begun efforts to influence debates through his institute, a public policy center established in 2009.
The Bush library is the 13th presidential library in the United States and the third in Texas, the most of any state. The George Bush Presidential Library and Museum is at Texas A&M; University in College Station.
The Bush Presidential Center holds 70 million pages of paper records, 43,000 artifacts, 200 million emails and 4 million digital photographs. It has the largest collection of digital records of any presidential library.
The George W. Bush Foundation raised about $250 million for the center, which will become part of the National Archives and Records Administration at the dedication.
Bush was closely involved in planning the center and insisted on an objective presentation of the most controversial issues of his presidency, according to Mark Langdale, president of the George W. Bush Foundation. These include the response to Hurricane Katrina and the financial crisis.
"He is not trying to defend his record here," Langdale said. "It is very straightforward. He lays out the decisions he made and explains why he made them."
Since leaving Washington, Bush, 66, has lived in Dallas, devoting his time to family, planning his presidential center and promoting causes through his institute. He has returned to playing golf, mountain biking and painting, Langdale said.
He said some of Bush's artwork may be displayed at the center, which is scheduled to open to the public on May 1.
(Reporting by Marice Richter; Editing by Greg McCune)


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I have a confession to make. I have a huge bag of dates hidden in my refrigerator. And my refrigerator is far from huge. It is taking up a lot of premium real estate in there, although, since I have shoved them to the back, C hasn't noticed yet. It all started with a trip to a baking supplies store that lies off the beaten path. The type you have to make a special trip to visit. As you wander the small aisles, cramped with all manners of confectionary ingredients and tools, you realize you must buy something, more than something, because if not, wouldn't your trip be a waste? After all, you made this trip especially for this store…were you going to leave empty-handed?
Of course not. So in your basket goes a bag of confectioners' sugar, an oversized wire whisk, bottles of vanilla, cupcake papers, and a big bag of soft, dark, and very promising looking dates. I love baked goods that have dates in them. Actually, I also love savory dishes that include dates. I am no proof for their sticky sweetness, whether it be in a cookie or cake, or a dish of braised duck. So yes, buying this big bag is indeed totally and unequivocally justified. And besides, I already knew exactly what I wanted to make first.
Food for the Gods
(from Aileen Anastacio's column, Yummy Magazine November 2008 issue, with my observations and comments)
- 1 cup butter, cubed
- 1 cup white sugar
- 1 cup brown sugar
- 3 large eggs
- 1 cup dates, chopped
- 1 cup walnuts, chopped
- 1 1/4 cups all-purpose flour
- 1/2 teaspoon baking powder
- 1/2 teaspoon baking soda
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
– Pre-heat the oven to 350F. Grease and flour an 8"x12" pan.
– Melt the butter in a heavy bottomed saucepan on medium heat. Add the sugars and mix until combined. Remove from heat.
– Stir the butter-sugar mixture a few time to bring the temperature down slightly, just so that it won't scramble the eggs (it will still be hot). Add the eggs one at a time, stirring after each addition with a wire whisk to make sure each egg is incorporated before adding the next.
– Add the dates and walnuts and mix with a wooden spoon (all the pieces will just gunk up the whisk so it's best to switch).
– In a separate bowl combine the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Mix well with a whisk (I always like to do this to get rid of lumps and make sure my dry ingredients are fully combined). Add this to the date-nut mixture and mix until just incorporated. Do not over-beat.
– Scrape the batter into your prepared pan and bake for 35-40 minutes or until toothpick inserted in the middle comes out clean but not dry.
– Cool completely in the pan before slicing. If you'd like to be traditional, wrap individual slices in foil and cellophane. Not only does this make them present-perfect but it keeps them moist for a good while!
This was, without a doubt, an excellent vessel for my dates. This can be compared to, I suppose, a Blondie or a butterscotch bar…chewy and caramel-y in flavor. Take that, and then stuff it with dates and walnuts, and you've got (quite literally in my book) Food for the Gods. It is moist, dense, chewy, sticky, molasses-y goodness…shot through with musky bits of dates and crunchy nuts. These make for lovely gifts…or you can simply cozy up with a plate of them and a hot cup of coffee (and maybe even a real live date!).
The bag of dates still claims its spot in the refrigerator. I have used them in these luscious bars, as well as in a sultry dish of lamb shank adobo (recipe still being tweaked!), but there hardly seems to be a dent. I am definitely open to making both this and the lamb adobo again, but I'm likely to still have dates leftover. Any suggestions for my dates? 🙂


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Mission Statement
Rutgers University-Newark is a Top 25 research university and the only institution in the United States to offer both Master of Science and Doctoral degrees in Global Affairs. The main goal of the Division of Global Affairs (DGA) is to provide intellectual and practical training in eight Areas of Inquiry:
The program offers its ethnically and internationally diverse student population an interdisciplinary and multicultural perspective on global issues. Cutting across academic fields, the Division of Global Affairs brings together faculty from Arts and Sciences (political science, history, sociology, economics, anthropology and others), the School of Law (international law, international organizations, human rights law, comparative jurisprudence), the Business School (global political economy, international business and others), the School of Criminal Justice, the School of Nursing (in particular global health) and the School of Public Affairs and Administration. The program draws on the expertise of both academics and practitioners with a curriculum built around the seven Areas of Inquiry. Students are able to specialize their inquiries by grouping electives which lead to Certificates in one Area of Inquiry or they can spread their electives out to continue their interdisciplinary approach to learning.
The Master's degree, with a more practical emphasis, prepares students to work in the public and private international sectors, as well as in non-governmental organizations, think-tanks, foundations, and media companies focusing on global issues.
The Ph.D., more academically oriented, is geared towards preparing future scholars eager to adopt and cultivate a planetary perspective on global issues from an interdisciplinary and multicultural standpoint. The Ph.D. in Global Affairs can also be an excellent track for policy jobs at the global level requiring advanced expertise.
The Division of Global Affairs also offers dual degrees with the Rutgers Business School, the Rutgers School of Law and the Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy. Students from the Division of Global Affairs can also benefit from the institutional partnerships that Rutgers University has established with universities around world.
The development and acquisition of foreign language skills is an integral part of the programs offered by the Rutgers' Division of Global Affairs. Students are encouraged as well to undertake internships in relevant organizations to foster their ability to apply academic knowledge to practical endeavors and acquire professional experience.


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|Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange
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Jepson Interchange (more information)
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Annual, biennial, perennial herb (rarely shrub, tree), often from taproot
Stem often ± scapose, generally ribbed, hollow
Leaves basal and generally some cauline, generally alternate; stipules generally 0; petiole base generally sheathing stem; blade generally much dissected, sometimes compound
Inflorescence: umbel or head, simple or compound, generally peduncled; bracts present (in involucres) or not; bractlets generally present (in involucels)
Flowers many, small, generally bisexual (or some staminate), generally radial (or outer bilateral); calyx 0 or lobes 5, small, atop ovary; petals 5, free, generally ovate or spoon-shaped, generally incurved at tips, generally ± ephemeral; stamens 5; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 2-chambered, generally with a ± conic, persistent projection or platform on top subtending 2 free styles
Fruit: 2 dry, 1-seeded halves that separate from each other but generally remain attached for some time to a central axis; ribs on each half 5, 2 marginal and 3 on back; oil tubes 1several per interval between ribs
Genera in family: 300 genera, 3,000 species: ± worldwide, especially temp; many cultivated for food or spice (e.g., Carum, caraway; Daucus; Petroselinum); some highly toxic (e.g., Conium). Underground structures here called roots, but true nature remains problematic. Mature fruit generally critical in identification; shapes generally given in outline, followed by shape in X -section of 2 fruit halves together.
Perennial from taproot or generally deep-seated tuber, glabrous to tomentose
Stem 0 or erect, simple or branched; base fibrous (from old leaf sheaths) or not
Leaf: blade oblong to triangular-ovate or obovate, ternately, pinnately, or ternate-pinnately dissected or compound, segments or leaflets thread-like to wide
Inflorescence: umbels compound, peduncled; bracts generally 0; bractlets generally present, 0 to conspicuous; rays, pedicels spreading to erect, often webbed at base
Flower: calyx lobes generally 0; petals wide, yellow, white, or purple, tips narrowed; projection atop ovary 0
Fruit linear to obovate, very compressed front-to-back; marginal ribs widely to narrowly thin or thick-winged, others thread-like; oil tubes per rib-interval 1several; fruit axis divided to base
Seed: face flat to concave
Species in genus: ± 75 species: c&s North America
Etymology: (Greek: bordered, from prominent marginal fruit wing)
Reference: [Schlessman 1984 Syst Bot Monogr 4:155]
Fr wing width expressed as width of 1 wing, not both together.
Plant 930 cm, densely puberulent to tomentose; taproot slender
Stem 0
Leaf: petiole 27 cm, wholly sheathing; blade 313 cm, oblong-ovate to triangular-ovate, ternate-pinnately dissected, segments 120 mm, linear to ovate
Inflorescence glabrous, roughened, or puberulent; peduncle 725 cm; bractlets sessile or not, generally = flowers, lanceolate to obovate, scarious-margined, veiny; rays 214, 0.810 cm, unequal; pedicels 28 mm
Flower: corolla yellow or purple
Fruit 79 mm, oblong, glabrous; wings thin to thickish, < body in width
Ecology: Serpentine, ridges, summits, woodland, chaparral
Elevation: 300600, 12002100 m.
Bioregional distribution: High North Coast Ranges, s Inner North Coast Ranges, se San Francisco Bay Area (Mount Hamilton), Inner South Coast Ranges.


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A Novel
Colm Toibin
Scribner: 272 pp., $25
Colm Toibin leads a generation of Irish novelists, born in the 1950s, who have achieved wide international readership. Sebastian Barry, Roddy Doyle, Neil Jordan and Patrick McCabe have long been admired abroad; Ronan Bennett, Dermot Bolger, Hugo Hamilton, Kerry Hardie and Niall Williams are more recent presences. It is a remarkable flowering. Before them, only a few Irish novelists born since 1922, when James Joyce published "Ulysses," had comparable success: William Trevor (1928) and Edna O'Brien (1932), who spent most of their creative lives in England, then John Banville (1945) and John McGahern (1934) toward the end of his life.
Among that impressive group now in their 50s, Toibin, with his growing list of international awards, has emerged as the novelists' novelist, a writer whose stylish, elegantly crafted stories of calm surfaces and agitated depths carry genuine urgency. Although he has distinguished himself across genres, having published five books of nonfiction and a play, edited four anthologies, written journalism and book reviews, his reputation is based primarily on the five novels he published between 1990 and 2004. They have established him as his generation's most gifted writer of love's complicated, contradictory power.
Compressed, understated in the face of intense feeling, Toibin's fiction places sensitive, isolated individuals in situations of extreme emotional pressure. In "The Heather Blazing," winner of the 1993 Encore Award for best second novel, Eamon Redmond, a remote, aging, rigorously objective Irish high court judge, is awakened from dispassion to compassion when faced with swarming memories during a summer visit to the coast. In "The Blackwater Lightship," a 1999 Booker Prize finalist, young Declan Breen, dying from complications of AIDS, brings his estranged sister, mother and grandmother together to confront the rubble of their family's past. In "The Master," a 2004 Man Booker Prize finalist and winner of a 2006 Los Angeles Times Book Prize, novelist Henry James must confront public humiliation after the failure of his play while coping with his suppressed sexuality and erotic yearning.
Buried deep within
"The Master" was Toibin's longest and most ambitious novel. Now in "Brooklyn," his sixth novel, Toibin offers a scaled-down work, the formally restrained account of a young woman's ragged, almost unconscious struggle for independence and self-expression. While akin to his previous novels, "Brooklyn" is Toibin's most subdued, reflecting its main character's inner life, where access to her profoundest emotions and needs and her capacity to articulate them for herself are deeply buried. It is an intimate novel about a woman -- and a community and culture -- crippled by an inability to find or express intimacy.
In the early 1950s, Eilis Lacey lives with her older sister, Rose, and their widowed mother in the small County Wexford town of Enniscorthy. Their three brothers have moved to England for work, leaving the family's females to a life dominated by unthinking, ritual behaviors within the confines of community, church and home. Eilis studies bookkeeping; Rose, more sophisticated, more self-possessed, works in the local mill's office and provides most of the family's income. Gossipy, closed in on itself, Enniscorthy seems to offer barely enough oxygen to sustain life. Or happiness. After Eilis begins to work Sundays for a nasty shop owner, she entertains Rose and her mother by imitating her employer and realizes "that this was the first time they had laughed at this table" since their brothers had left for Birmingham.
Then Eilis is given a chance to emigrate to America and escape the stifling environment that shaped her. As orchestrated by Rose and a Brooklyn priest with Enniscorthy roots, Eilis is to work for a department store in Father Flood's parish, complete her bookkeeping studies at night and see what opportunities emerge.
This straightforward, familiar plot leads to predictable results. After a vivid struggle with homesickness, a time when "nothing here was part of her," when everything seemed "false, empty," Eilis gradually begins to shed old country ways, even under the scrutiny of her Brooklyn landlord and Father Flood. As Eilis' work and studies progress, she discovers joy in "the mere sensation of savoring the prospect of something." This is not a familiar feeling for her -- and neither are the stirrings of love she soon feels for an Italian plumber named Tony. He is "not like anyone else she had ever met," being open and tender with her. Moreover, "he was delighted by things." This, perhaps more than any other quality, astounds Eilis. Delight is a feasible human response!
Toibin is strong at depicting the way restrained passion works. But leaving Enniscorthy has not allowed Eilis to be suddenly transformed into a woman fully in touch with her feelings or capable of expressing them. She moves more slowly than Tony, and intimacy is strange territory for her, but she seems almost ready to let go, breaking the grip of her past, when she is summoned back to Enniscorthy.
Assumptions challenged
The novel's final movement, as the couple part and Eilis, back in Ireland, must figure out where her heart belongs -- in Brooklyn or Enniscorthy -- is when Toibin's storytelling faces its greatest challenge: Will "Brooklyn" conform to the requirements of romance? Will Eilis' character as we know it lead her to make the choices we believe she must? Has she changed or is she "the Eilis whom everyone knew, or thought they knew"?
Here Toibin, writing about the crippling power of conformity, bursts the bounds he has established for his story. Form echoes theme in the novel's final 50 pages, as Eilis acts in ways that challenge all we thought we (and she, and everyone) knew of her. This is Toibin's central point, the crux of his otherwise conventional, 1950s love story. Freedom and authenticity occur when we are able to surprise ourselves. Eilis, bereft of all that once made her actions and choices clear to her, is adrift in a world where nothing feels certain or recognizable. Thrown upon her own devices, she seems heartbreakingly herself at last.


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Dramills (Feat. Raheem Devaughn) - New York Girls [Unsigned Hype]
"Dramills is back with his new single "New York Girls" alongside R&B sensation Raheem Devaughn with Production From 9th Wonder on the Track its an instant Classic. Album Coming Soon titled "Hood talk est.1981" slated for May release. Video Directed by MillsMiller on Location in NYC Ladies are very Nice Hope u Enjoy & Support!!!" - D
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Bear-y Cute
Joannie Bertucci 9/22/2012 1:07:06 PMNaomi, if this isn't the most precious image than I don't know what is! Marvelous composition! #1487802
Naomi Weiser 9/23/2012 12:01:47 AMthanks! #10333722
Exif: F Number: 4.5, Exposure Bias Value: 0.00, ExposureTime: 1/50 seconds, Flash: did not fire, compulsory flash mode, ISO: 800, White balance: Auto white balance, FocalLength: 34.00 mm, Model: Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL XSi
Uploaded on 9/22/2012 11:32:35 AM
Camera: Canon EOS Digital Rebel XSi (450D) Digital SLR Camera
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