text:
Stage manager Harold Richardson assumes the role of druggist to serve Emily Webb (Elaine Nel-son)
and George Gibbs (Jack Tierney) soft drinks in the junior class play, "Our Town."
the CLARION
Vol. XXXIII—No. 17
Bethel College and Seminary, St. Paul, Minn. Tuesday, April 24, 195.6
jUur Town" Fri., Sat.
The junior class play, "Our Town," will be presented this Friday
and Saturday evenings, April 27 and 28 in the college chapel.
"Our Town," a three - act play by Thornton Wilder,
won the Pulitzer Prize in 1 9 3 8 . Portraying typical
American smalltown life, t h e play employs a minimum
of scenery. A stage manager re-mains
informally on the stage
throughout the play and helps to
explain much of the action. The
tender and simple live story of
George Gibbs and Emily Webb is
the thread upon which the plot is
strung. "Our Town" is an excep-tionally
fresh retelling of a4ime-less,
nostalgic storyjAlNew
York Times described' the play
as "hauntingly beautiful," and it
Large Cast Plays
Semester To Replace
Quarter System, 1957
Recognizing the advantages of
- will operate on the semester basis
-in the fall of 1957.
The basis for this change in-cludes
reasons such as these:
(1) More time for review will
be provided. There will also be
more time for term papers, sup-plemental
reading, and for special
resource projects on the part of
the students.
(2) It will afford a longer per-iod
for providing sounder evalua-tion
of a student in an area.
(3) It will eliminate one regis-tration
period which can be used
for class work.
(4) The faculty will be able to
organize courses in broader areas
of study.
(5) This plan will coincide with
all high schools, the majority of
colleges, and perhaps one half of
the seminaries.
This change will not involve the
seminary quarter plan. The quar-ter
system will continue in the
seminary because it is often de-sirable
for professional schools to
have a greater variety of shorter
Teams Win Five
At U Debates
Debating in the Minnesota
State tournament, at the U. of M.,
April 13 and 14, Marge Peterson
and Betty Mattson scored 3 out of
5 wins, while Bruce Richardson
and Doug Oelke had 2 wins and
3 losses.
Marge and Betty debated in the
Minnesota collegiate division,
while Bruce and Doug entered the
non-varsity division. Bethel was
not represented in the third area,
the freshman division.
The tournament sponsored a
banquet for the debaters on Fri-day
the semester system, Bethel college
rather than the quarter beginning
Brahm's Requiem
Presented Here
Brahm's "Requiem" will be pre-sented
by an oratorio choir on
Sunday, May 13, at 4:00 p.m. in
the Bethel college fieldhouse.
The choir of about 100 voices is
composed of singers from the col-lege
and from the choirs of Elim
Baptist and Augustana First
Lutheran churches.
Emily Blake, teacher at the Mac-
Phail college of music, and Russell
Miller, of Wesley temple and for-merly
of the Cathedral of St.
Mark, will be featured as soloists.
Bert Anderson, instructor in
organ and piano, is directing the
choir and Mildred Bisgrove, as-sistant
professor of music, accom-panies
on the organ.
Oral Reading Finals
to be Held May 9
The finals for the annual ora-tory
and poetry reading contest
will be held May 9th in the sem-inary
Prizes of 15 dollars and 10 dol-lars,
donated by Dr. Martin Eric-sson,
will be given to first and
second place winners in the poetry
reading contest, and prizes of 25
dollars, 15 dollars, and 10 dollars,
awarded by Dr. Alford Hanson,
will be given to the first, second,
and third place winners of the
oratory contest.
A series of preliminaries will be
held prior to the final contest, to
determine who will finally com-pete.
These contests are open to
all regularly enrolled college stu-dents.
Sophs Plan For
Como Outings
The sophomore breakfast will
be held April 30 at 6:00 a.m. in
Como park, with a menu including
scrambled eggs and sausages.
Another sophomore event, a
class pow-wow, will be held May
14 at 5:30 p.m. also in Como park.
Joel Schintz is in charge of
both of these events. Others work-ing
on the breakfast committees
are Marlene Durscher, Phyllis
Engberg, Bea Oline, Rita Balzar-ini,
June Sparling, Joel Stolte,
Bob Wisehart, Lareau Lindquist,
and Vaughn Uhr.
The committee for the pow-wow
includes Willard Lathrop, Bob
Fischer, Torn Young, Ruth West-fall,
Betty Morrison, Marilyn
Junker, Bill Westerhoff, Jim Dins-more,
John Anderson, Bill Mac-
Kinney, and Bob Lindaman.
Week At A Glance
April 25—German club, Bodien
lounge, 12:20 p.m.
26—Film, "Eroica," College
chapel, 8 p.m.
27, 28��Junior class play, chapel,
8 p.m.
30���Sophomore class breakfast,
Como park, 6 a.m.
May 1—Camera club, room 204,
7 p.m.
Swedish club, 7:30 p.m.
3—F.M.F., Seminary chapel, 7
4—Seminary banquet, Schune-mann's
River Room, 6:30
Freshman - Sophomore ban-quet,
Hotel Leamington,
(Minneapolis), 6:30 p.m.
Junior-Senior banquet,
Lutheran Church of the
Good Shepherd (Minneapo-lis),
6:30 p.m.
5—Tract teams, meet Seminary
room 3, 7 p.m.
6—Publications outing
7—Radio club, physics room,
6:45 p.m.
DVBS class, 8 p.m.
9—Oratory and poetry reading
contest, Seminary chapel
Dr. Larson Attends
N.C.A. Convention
Prof. Clifford Larson represent-ed
Bethel college at the North
Central association of secondary
schools and colleges held April
11, 12. This year the convention
was held at the Palmer House in
Mr. Larson attended the conven-tion
with the purpose of gaining
a better understanding of admini-stration
in the liberal arts college.
Sessions were held each day,
Monday through Friday, for a
week. Two of the main points dis-cussed
in the sessions Mr. Larson
attended were: (1) What are the
marks of a good college? (2) How
can teachers and pupils make bet-ter
use of their time ? The sessions
were devoted to lectures followed
by a discussion.
Through conventions of this type
Bethel faculty and administration
gain an understanding of various
other college procedures. Bethel is
then able to evaluate its own pro-cedure
in light of the information
gained. This evaluation helps
Bethel standardize its procedures.
Junior, Frosh
Elections Held
Election of officers was the
main business of the class meet-ings
which were held on April
Bill Conrad was elected presi-dent
of next year's senior class,
with other officers being elected
as follows: vice president, John
Berg; secretary, Mary Lou Rey-craft;
treasurer, Lowell Gardner.
Art Erickson was elected presi-dent
by the freshman class. They
also elected David Shold as vice
president; Donald Stolhammer,
treasurer; and Lynn Weaver, sec-retary.
The sophomore class finished
nominating their slate of candi-dates,
with election scheduled for
Monday, April 23. The results of
this election are not yet available.
Frosh Themes
Judged May 15
Freshman themes are not due to
be judged until May 15 instead of
April 15 as was previously stated.
The contest is being sponsored
by the English department but the
prizes are donated anonymously.
was considered by Chicago Daily
News to be unconventional and
The cast, making final prepara-tions
under director, Mr. Woods,
and student director, Adeline Dun-can,
includes the following mem-bers:
Harold Richardson, Elaine
Nelson, Jack Tierney, Donn Goss,
Les Funk, Shirley Anderson, Betty
Ohlin, Betty Mattson, Roy Brot-lund,
Ripley Moore, Phil Caldeen,
Al Stahnke, Bruce Richardson,
Bev Voldseth, Jim Hanson, Gordon
Becker, Bill MacKinney, and Carol
and Patti Woods.
In charge of costumes are Mary
Lou Reycraft, Marie Magnuson,
Bev Voldseth, and Alice Ryan.
Lowell Gardner is in charge of
publicity. Overseeing stage props
are Glenn Ogren, Lowell Gardner,
and Lindy Magnuson. Les Funk
who designed the program covers
is also in charge of make-up.
Prompter for the play is Gerry
Tickets are now on sale under
the direction of Al Stahnke.
Top Seniors
Have Banquet
The top-ranking six college sen-iors
will attend a Court of Honor
banquet May 3 at the St. Paul
Athletic club.
The banquet is sponsored by the
St. Paul Junior Chamber of Com-merce
for the top graduates of
St. Paul colleges.
Those who will attend are Bon-nie
Carlson, major in psychology;
Donald Fuller, philosophy; Grace
Jolly, literature; Ripley Moore,
philosophy; Winifred Stanford,
psychology; David Webster, psy-chology.
Dinsmore Voted
Edgren Prexy
Jim Dinsmore was elected presi-dent
of the Edgren hall council at
the election held Wednesday, April
Roger Bear will fill the office of
chaplain during the next school
year, and Terry Bottenfield will
serve on the council as treasurer.
Dale Larson was elected as vice
president and Henry Pederson as
Marilyn Junker
To Head New
Bodien Council
Marilyn Junker was chosen
head of the 1956-57 Bodien dormi-tory
council in- elections held Wed-nesday
night, April 11.
Elaine Nelson will serve as vice-president.
Mary Fredrickson was
elected secretary with Lynn Wea-ver
as her assistant, and Janet
Lindquist, treasurer with Donna-lyn
Anderson as assistant. The
two sophomore representatives on
the new council are Kay Kern and
Sue Bodien.
New OfficersNamed
the CLARION
,T06)° . ACit-m
ALLAN STAHNKE, co-editors
June Sparling, feature-news
Lois Larson, ass't. news editor
David Strand, sports editor
Ripley Moore, rewrite editor
Marilyn Carlson, layout editor
Phil Caldeen, business mgr.
Issued weekly during the school
year by Bethel College and
Seminary, St. Paul 1, Minn.
Subscription price: $3.00
Page 2
the CLARION
Tuesday, April 24, 1956
Function of Criticism
Freedom of speech? Freedom of the press ? Why sure, but the
seniors and the faculty and the administration deserve respect rather
than criticism. Why sure, but the religious council and the prayer
groups and the gospel teams are trying to do God's work and shouldn't
be criticized. Why sure, but the meals and the choir and the athletic
teams shouldn't be mentioned because, what would the alumni and
prospective students think ? Why sure, but an organization of leader-ship
like the Student Senate could operate more effectively if it were
not subject to open criticism. So the exceptions go.
But the responsibility of a newspaper is to get read,—by arousing
interest, by getting people to talk, and by urging them to take sides;
and when the paper has achieved that goal, the chief benefit it can
proffer its readers is criticism—evaluation of institutions, policies,
and officials that concern them. (Of course by critcism we mean that
which aims at improvement and growth, not merely expressed per-sonal
Criticism has benefits which far outweigh temporary embarrass-ment.
There aren't many individuals or organizations or institutions
that can keep out of the rut of complacency long if they are not sub-jected
to evaluation. We all just naturally think we're great. This goes
for the CLARION too; we're not sacro-sanct.
The newspaper is the natural medium for criticism and through-out
history has fough when necessary to keep this right. Criticism
is the newspaper's responsibility! If the CLARION ceases to criticize,
it becomes merely a dressed-up Student Activities Bulletin.
Criticism, of course, is not easy to give. The problem is the diffi-culty
of distinguishing between people and the "faults" to be criticized,
to criticize so well that it is clear that one "hates the sin but loves the
sinner." Still, it is a high Christian responsibility and one that must
be discharged.
Next time you read a "slashing attack" in the CLARION, instead
of wondering whether or not the CLARION ought to be publishing
such "heretical views", why not exercise your own critical powers ?
If we agree that criticism is necessary and desirable, the CLARION
is the obvious mouthpiece for student criticism. And we are always
looking for people to help us do our appointed task.
Worthwhile Summer
by Phil Caldeen
After three springs of great, noble plans, goals, etc., and
three summers of frustrated and shattered great, noble plans, goals
etc., I think that a few personal discoveries may prove helpful
to you who are considering what to do this summer.
Don't hesitate in making big plans. The bigger the better—then
you'll work like crazy those first few weeks and get plenty accomplished
before you're drugged by the old routine.
What goals ? I think every person from math major to home ec
major should read maybe two or three good books. Anything from
Dickens' "Oliver Twist" to "Kon Tiki" or Plato's "Dialogues" (which by
the way read more easily than you would guess) wouldn't hurt any
professing college student.
Digging into devotional materials, different versions of Scripture,
prayers, and other similar things—would perhaps keep the QT mean-ingful
in spite of the humdrum life and old ruts which are developed
almost automatically at home.
Being at home again will be just like a court trial. For the fresh
in particular this will be the first summer home after. But everyone
coming from a Christian college has two huge shoes to wear—one is
being a college student; the other a "Christian" college student. As
a college student you must prove you have learned something and yet
not act superior about it. As a "Christian" college student you must
reveal if you have experienced some maturity, and not be in any way
noisy about it.
Well, this is just a start. At any rate I think these things will
be part of what you may face in less than two months.
Puutellar eak,..
Dear Housewives,
So many of our readers have written in for my recipe for "Wiener
Roasties" that I am printing it here.
Take a pound of spicy Stinkelslopper frankfurters; soak them
overnight in a pan of water with half a teaspoon of Drano to remove
the flavor and toughen the skin. Fry until they are too hard to pierce
with a fork. Two wieners and a pound and a half of dry boiled potatoes
make a serving.
A nice companion for Wiener Roasties on your luncheon table is
Drowning Island salad a la Bodien. Select two or three fine heads
of lettuce. Remove the outer leaves and any others that show brown
spots or wilted edges. Arrange these leaves on salad plates (you can
save the heads for company, or resell them to the grocery store). Pul-verize
several carrots and radishes and spread the pulp on the lettuce.
Drench the whole thing with French dressing and serve.
During these romantic spring days you can treat your family
to an exotic touch with Foodless Chow Mein. Take three cups of chopped
celery, a cup of soy sauce, a pound of cornstarch, and half a pound of
finely chopped meat (you can exercise thrift here by saving this from
the dinner scraps over the course of a week or two). Simmer the in-gredients
together over a low flame for 48 to 72 hours, until the flavor
is evenly distributed. Serve with crisp fried noodles and mushy rice.
This is a very economical meal, as most of the family would rather eat
bread. One dish of it cooked on Tuesday will often last until Saturday
Pleasant days and happy eating!
Pe/wow/4"4e a
Big Leaguer?
by Paul Schlueter
Among the freshman with excit-ing
talents is Ken Albright, from
Evergreen Park, Illinois, a mem-ber
of Chicago's Roseland Temple
Baptist church. Ken's particular
talent is playing baseball, and
his ability in this sport is well
verified by the big-leagues.
In the past two years, five ma-jor
league teams have watched
Ken play and each has encouraged
him to make baseball his career
by offering him farm-team con-tracts.
In 1954, the Orioles work-ed
him out at their camp, but due
to a broken wrist, he was unable
to accept their contract. Then, last
summer, the Senators, White Sox,
Cardinals and Athletics all tried
Ken out and all offered him con-tracts,
but, according to Ken, "the
Lord evidently had other plans for
me." Circumstances, and a girl-friend's
encouragement, led him
to Bethel.
When asked about his plans
while at school, Ken replied that
what he wanted most was "to grow
in the Lord" and "to get an edu-cation."
The future ? Ken doesn't know
exactly. But he does know this:
the Lord is going to make his
plans. And with that outlook, Ken
Albright has entered Bethel.
___ It isn't exactly improper to kiss
a girl on the hand, but it is de-cidedly
out of place.
Zettela ta
die E ditaz
Dear Editor:
We on Bethel's campus are ex-periencing,
in miniature, one of
the greatest phenomena ever to
have occurred in the history of
man. In recent months we have
seen a movement on our campus
with characteristics strickingly pe-culiar
to the Renaissance of the
14th and 15th centuries.
In the historical Renaissance
men became concerned with re-viving
institutions which they felt
were responsible for the high
point of previous "Golden Ages"
which were now eclipsed by a
dark period of relative inactivity
and (or) ignorance. Concurrent
with this view there appeared a
group of individuals whose pri-mary
concern was to be freed
from the enslavement to the tra-ditional
which they supposed had
arisen out of this aforementioned
inactivity and/or ignorance. This
was good!
Various approaches were taken
to the resolution of this prob-lem.
Probably one of the most im-mediate
methods was that which
employedcynicism, biting sarca-sem,
the definite reflection of
personal attitudes towards the in-dividual
or institution being at-tacked.
In later years, when the
Renaissance moved from Italy to
northern Europe, a method began
to gain ascendancy which employ-ed
the use of concepts which, in
our day, are considered by many
Christians as being Christian, i.e.
love, longsuffering, etc. In other
words there were those who rec-ognized
problems, or at least felt
that some existed, and attempted
to intelligently approach, analyz
and offer constructive methods c
rectifying the situation.
In this reader's mind, the for-mer
method has been too much
employed on our campus.
The film "Eroica" will be shown
Thursday, April 26, at 8:00 p.m.
in the college chapel.
The film is a presentation of
the life of Beethoven, and con-tains
a number of his symphonies,
including "Eroica", from which
the title of the film has been
34 Mates OH v4 Otykouticl
by Derald Bramlett
As the brilliant sun beat down and the well known trio of Carla,
Bev and Pat sang sad adieus the good ship (remember the name on
the side of the bus ?), Greyhound set sail for the far distant country
of Winnipeg, Canada. The top sergeant (Arney Swnson) gave what
was to become a familiar sound, "Count off!" The 1-2-3 etc. down to
34 that followed could only have come from the Bethel male chorus.
Yes, we were on tour!
The Bethel male chorus, consisting of thirty-four members under
the direction of Prof. C. Howard Smith rounded out their tour of 916
miles at Milaca, Minn. Sunday, April 15. It would be hard to express
in words the meaning of the short spiritual times we had before each
concert. The effect could be seen in the unity that prevailed throughout
the entire trip.
As the tour progressed to Fergus Falls new talent began to shine.
Along with Pastor Norris Magnuson, who gave a short talk every
night, Pastor Richard Nelson expounded upon "And now for the
seventh and last verse I would leave with you . . . and that means .. .
which would explain." Even though legs cried for rest, hearts were
warmed by the spiritual truth that was proclaimed each night at
testimony time.
Throughout the entire trip we had no grave misgivings although
our Canadian Florence Nightingale, Les Funk, kept a ready supply
of pink, red, white, purple, chartreuse and any other color pill you
could want.
We are happy to report that, though booming waves splashed
down many a neck, we had no reports of sea sickness. Once or twice,
however, when the well-aimed squirt guns of Norris Magnuson, Dave
Swanson and Vern Needham came into play we had a near drowning.
After many long hours of singing, riding, walking and working
the general consensus of opinion was, there's no place like home
(Bethel) . . . for the holidays.
by Dick Bible
LEARN TO DO IS TO TAKE CRITicisAn.
Prospectives' Attendance
Up 25 Over Last Year
During Prospective Student days
this year, 207 guests visited our
campus as compared to 172 who
were here in 1955. Of this num-ber
124 were girls and 83 were
boys. Students came from nine
different states, the highest rep-resentation
of 110 coming from
Minnesota. Two girls, from Kees-port,
Pennsylvania, came the far-thest
for the two days.
Education, business, and nurs-ing
were the fields of major in-terest
among the prospectives in
the vocational field while mixed
chorus, gospel teams, and band
ranked as the major extra-curri-cular
activities of interest.
Beethoven Film "Eroica"
to be Shown Thursday
Freshman Tests
Set For May 2
The college office has scheduled
a freshman testing program for
Wednesday, May 2, to be given in
the English area. The test will
last approximately three periods.
Tuesday, April 24, 1956
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Open evenings
till 10:00
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Tune-up — Brake Service
Tubeless Tires and Repair
The Royal sluggers have collected a total of 24 hits to date while
the pitching staff has given up 18 hits.
Como and Snelling Ayes.
Monday-1 p.m. till 6 p.m.
Tues. - Sat.-8 a.m. till 6 p,m,
Page 3
Brunzell, Albright
Spark 5-4 Victory
Ken Albright slaps the tag on Puglesa of Hamline as he tries to stretch a double into a triple. Ham-line
won 9-1.
Bethel Splits With Bethany
Lose 3-2, Win Second 5-2!
Wednesday, April 18, saw the Royals take on Bethany junior col-lege
in a double header. In the first game the Royals dropped a 3-2
decision but gained revenge in the second game 5-2.
Both pitchers were tough throughout the first four frames of the
first game as the scoreboard registered a string of zeros. The Bethany
nine finally got to Brunzell for a pair of base knocks and two runs to
grab a 2-0 lead which they never relinquished. The Royals came up
with a pair of hits and a lone tally in their half of the inning.
The sixth frame saw both clubs
tally a run to build the final score
to 3-1 in favor of Bethany. Lead-off
hitter Meade smashed a long
ball into left field for a triple.
Guelerud's sacrifice scored him.
Bethel got their second run on
Albright's walk and Singleton's
double into left center.
Although being tagged with the
loss, Brunzell allowed only four
hits. The Royals tagged winner
Wilinski for six hits.
The bottom half of the double
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Snelling & Larpenteur Ave.
Royals Blow Lead
Lose 11-9 to Mac
Bethel absorbed their second
loss in as many days as the Mac-alester
nine got by the Royals
11-9, on the Mac's home field.
Both clubs started quickly as
the score stood 4-4 at the end of
the first canto. The Macalester
nine copped their four runs on a
pair of hits, while the Bethel
squad pushed four markers across
on a pair of errors, a hit batsman
and a base knock.
The Royals picked up three
more runs on a trio of hits and
held a 7-4 advantage until the
seventh frame. Macalester then
laced Brunzell for two hits and
three runs. The eighth inning saw
the Macs bang out four hits to
force four more markers across
the plate.
The Blue and Gold got lone tal-lies
in the seventh and eighth
frames but fell behind 11-9.
Stans got credit for the victory
for Mac, giving up 11 hits. Ed
Brunzell gave up eight base hits
and was tagged with the setback.
An error on Tierney's routine
ground ball, his steal of second
base, and Albright's liner to left
gave Bethel the deciding run in
the ninth as the Royals topped
Hamline 9, Bethel 1
In Royal's Opener
The Hamline Pipers handed the
Bethel Royals their first defeat,
9-1 as the Royal nine opened their
1956 campaign at Norton field on
Friday, April 13.
Inning number one saw the two
clubs retired in order. The Pipers
got going in the second inning as
they tallied a pair of runs. Their
big inning was the third as the
Pipers broke loose for six runs
to snow the Royals. The markers
came on a combination of a Bethel
miscue, a pair of free passes, and
a double by Schneider.
The Bethel crew got their lone
tally in the sixth frame on a pair
of singles by Jack Kibby and
John Berg. These were the only
two hits that the Royals got in
the game.
Kinzell was credited with the
win, giving up two hits, while
Stahnke was tagged with the loss
for the Royals.
Luther 5-4 at Dunning last Satur-day.
It was an uphill battle all the
way for the team as they played
sloppy ball in the first six innings
and were behind 4-0 as a result
of their five errors.
Panning started on the mound
for Luther and Bethel did not
manage a hit off him until the
fourth and that was an infield
roller by Tierney. The Royals got
to him in the sixth for two rums
and he was relieved in the seventh
by Elke who was the losing pitch-er.
Panning struck out ten in the
six innings he worked and gave
up four hits.
The Royals tied it up in the
eighth as Goss struck out but
reached first on the catcher's er-ror.
Albright reached first on a
fielder's choice and Kibby scored
him on his second hit. Stahnke
struck out but Singleton doubled
home Kibby for the tieing run.
Luther's offensive was paced by
Schibbelhat who parked a homer
over the center-field fence 370
feet away in the first inning.
Nyberg started for Bethel and
Brunzell relieved as a pinch hitter
in the third. Ed threw a good
game but was not helped too much
in the field as all Luther runs
were unearned by Schibbelhat's
header saw the Royals finally home run.
breaking into the win column as
they stopped the Bethany J. C.'s
with a 5-2 decision.
The first inning went scoreless
as the two teams were retired in
order. In the second canto Bethel
nicked starter Gustfield for a trio
of hits and four runs as a result.
The Royals got their final run
on a pair of hits and two free
tickets. Bethany tallied their sec-ond
run in the fifth canto on one
The final score read 5-2 in favor
of the Royals.
Stahnke evened his season's rec-ord
at one and one, giving up eight
base hits.
Gustfield was tagged with the
loss giving up six hits.
Dave's Strands
The Royals take on Concordia in their next tilt, April 24, at Con-cordia.
The Royals next home game will be with Northwestern college
at 3 p.m.
In mentioning the pitching staff in the last issue, we failed to men-tion
that Brunzell would also be doing a good share of the pitching.
This was a mistake of the editor and not done intentionally.
Congrats to Dale Larson on being elected to captain this year's
Royal nine. Dale, along with Singleton make up the Royal keystone
Keith Davis Keith Davis
Marilyn Hagstrom, Jan Graber, and Gardia Lee show
that they also are thinking about the semiformals com-ing
up on May fourth.
John F. Anderson and Ron Eckert leisurely polish
Ron's car while thinking about the F. S. a week from
Page 4
the CLARION
Tuesday, April 24, 1956
F.S. Presented
At Leamington
Final arrangements for the
Freshman-Sophomore banquet, to
be held at the Hotel Leamington
in Minneapolis at 6:30, May 4, are
being completed under the co-chairmanship
of Virgil Collins and
Bob Reed.
The program committee, headed
by Bruce Richardson, has engaged
Dr. Stanley Paulson, assistant
professor of general studies
at the University of Min-nesota,
as speaker. Professor Paul-son
formerly attended Bethel. Also
included in the program will be
a piano duo by Alice Barnes and
Lynn Weaver. John Anderson will
be the Emcee.
The decorations committee, un-der
Dick Bogue, is arranging elab-orate
decorations to portray the
theme, "Spring Symphony."
The ticket committee, under
Don Bachman, announces that tick-ets
are available by contacting
Bill MacKinney, John Sahlin, or
Dave Morin. There are only 150
tickets available at $2.50 per per-son.
Hamline and Hoyt Mi 6-9272
Brake and Mechanical Work
Towing Service
1560 Como Avenue
Records - Phonographs - TV
Gulck's Records and
Open Evenings till 9 P.M.
221 No. Snelling MI 5-7744
1544 West Larpenteur
Deposits insured to $10,000 by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Phillips' 66 Motor Oils
and Gasoline
1588 Como MI 6-9153
Orace H. Hanson, Reg. Phar.
Lexington and Larpenteur
Christ Our Helmsman
Is Seminary Theme
Chicago Pastor Speaks
"Christ our Helmsman" is the
theme of the Seminary banquet
which begins at 6:30 p.m., May 4,
at Schunemann's river room.
Guest speaker of the evening is
the Rev. Aymand Anderson of Ad-dison
Street Baptist church in
Chicago. Mrs. Wm. Van Antwerp
will be the soloist.
Tickets for the event are priced
at $2.00 and may be obtained from
Milton Christensen, Gene Messen-ger,
or Charles Anderson.
Publications Outing
to be Held May 9
The CLARION and Spire staffs
are planning a horseback riding
party and steak fry Sunday after-noon,
May 6, for their annual
spring gathering.
Jim Hanson, of the Spire and
Mary Fredrickson of the CLAR-ION
are chairmen of the event.
M,_ eWteAXteletetetetatg-teeMztetc-tc-tc-tetTA
"IT PAYS TO LOOK WELL" AA I' ARNOLD'S BARBER g
SHOP w 1692 North Lexington Ave.
(in the Plaza)
April 20th - May 10th
Ring to large? - to small?
We will alter or enlarge
your ring to your correct
size and polish like new.
75c and this ad
e e.diad
fe.6., ea.
324 Kresge Bdlg.
Perry Speaker
At J.S. Banquet
"Pathways to Friendship" is the
theme of the Junior-Senior ban-quet
to be held May 4, at 6:30 p.m.
at the Lutheran Church of the
Good Shepherd in southwest Min-neapolis.
Dr. Lloyd Perry will be the
speaker, Chuck Paton the master-of
ceremonies, and Joel Webb, of
St. Paul Bible Institute, will give
the special music.
The purpose of the banquet is
to honor the seniors. The junior
class is doing all the planning.
Working as heads of committees
are: Wayne McCarther, chairman;
Fred Schindeler, tickets; Ariel
Obinger, program; Ardith Rust,
decorations; and Hartley Christ-ianson,
Dorm Expansion Nearer
Planning for the construction of
the new dormitory wings was be-gun
last week as President Lund-quist
and Mr. Lidbom met with
the planning committee.
Mr. Lidbom left Friday, April
20, for the South where he will
visit schools which have new hous-ing
facilities. Information gained
will be helpful in avoiding many
construction difficulties.
Naval, Marine Recruiters
Land on Campus Friday
Landing via helicopter on the
campus, Friday, April 27, at 9:00
a.m., a naval aviation cadets in-terviewing
team will visit Bethel
in order to talk with students in-terested
in a navy career.
A similar team, representing the
marine corps, will visit the cam-pus
Thursday, April 26, for the
same purpose of presenting the of-ficer
programs in that branch of
the service.
Any student interested in a mili-tary
career will have the oppor-tunity
of an interview with these
representatives of the services.
Bethel Represented
At College Conference
Pres. Carl Lundquist; Royal
Bloom, director of student guid-ance;
Elving Anderson, acting
dean of the college; and Clifford
Larson, chairman of religious edu-cation,
plan to attend the annual
spring meeting of the Association
of Minnesota Colleges at Carlton
college, April 28, where the theme
"Provisions for the Superior Stu-dent"
will be discussed.
Methods of dealing with accel-eration
(moving superior students
at a faster rate), enrichment
through special assignments, and
independent study will be discus-sed.
Lois Larson
New BWAPrexy
Lois Larson was installed as
president of B.W.A. at that or-ganization's
annual spring ban-quet
Wednesday, April 18.
Elected to other offices were
Mary Fredrickson, vice president;
Junetta Best, secretary; Beverly
Voldseth, assistant secretary; Sue
Bodien, treasurer; Carolyn Seese,
assistant treasurer; Hope Seffens,
"big-little sis" chairman; Kay
Kern, assistant chairman; and
Marlene Durscher, Donelda Hoo-ver,
Gloria Johnson, and Janet
Lindquist, cabinet members.
German Club Officers
Installed This Noon
The German club will introduce
its new officers at a candlelight
installation service in the Bodien
lounge tomorrow during the noon
The program will be almost en-tirely
"auf deutsch," with various
students reading dedicatory scrip-ture
passages in the German lan-guage.
Special music will also be
The club elections were held yes-terday.
Westlund's Food
Market, Inc.
Quick Freeze Service
For your Locker or
Home Freezer
597 N. Snelling Ave.
Midway 6-8621
pickup and Mon., Wed.,
deliver and Fri.
Phil Galdeen between
Rep. 3 and 5
Pre-Inventory Sale! (Last chance)
Wed., tkirs., hi. this Week
Books 30 per cent Off
Eake Vaadeette
N. L. Hermes
1709 N. Snelling
■Mi 4•-1•01■7 ••■M■i 4-62■70
Quality Hair-cutting
1646 W. Larpentuer
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Peter Dinklage and Lena Heady have a life outside of butting heads as the Lannister siblings in Game of Thrones. I know that. It's still kind of strange (if not amusing!) to see them both on a show like Sesame Street, though.
I mean, it's so wholesome! They're not plotting any schemes! What is this? And Heady in brown hair is not something I'm used to...nevermind seeing her so happy.
Still, aww. This is adorable.
(Via The Mary Sue)


text:
Perfection Recess mount 1.5M
Looking for Enchanted Morning (medium size). Black frame preferred.
Ocean Window. Unframed- Limited Edition with Peter Lik COA.
FAIRLY priced 2 meter Flat Iron print with recessed frame.
Looking for Nature's Palette recessed mount
Peter Lik. Wanted: Twin Beech. Stainless frame on white matt.
Wanted! A 1.5 meter or 2 meter of Peter Lik Solace. Framed. With signature and authentic paper work.
Peter Lik, Vintage Road, most sizes and frames considered.
Seeking Peter Lik's "Endless Summer" in either the 1.5M (142cm x 192cm) or 2M (165cm x 229cm) size.
Looking for the following: Memories, Ocean Calm, Ocean Boulevard, Endless Forest, Stone Spirit, Secret Morning, Enchanted Morning, Dessert Stream, Morning Calm, Solace, and Endless Summer. Open to size and framing.
Serenity 19 x 39 wanted
Celestial Dreams wanted.
Looking for a 'Central Park' by Peter Lik. Would like the Cigar leaf frame in the 1.5M print.
2M Ocean Dance wanted. Strong preference for encapsulated print in recess mount.
Peter Lik Sunday 5:47am
Lillies of the Pond wanted. 1.5M or 2M, Recessed Mount
Peter Lik "Inner Peace" 2M Recessed Mounted
Peter Lik "Pele's Whisper" 1.5M or 2M Recessed Mounted
Peter Lik "Tree of Life" 2M Recessed Mounted
Hidden Secret and/or Central Park Sunday 5:47am 1 meter
Mystic Valley serious buyer for 2 meter recessed mount or would consider 1.5 meter framed.
Sunlit Birches, serious buyer ready to buy today
Wanted - Flatiron Building - New York - B/W
Splendour - Limited Edition Print
Wanted Peter Lik : Golden Gate Mist
Looking for original limited edition of Dreamland.
Mystical Forest
Peter Lik Ghost A/P Edition
Sweet Escape
Wanted: Maligne Dusk, print.
Thomas Mangelsen
Jonathan Singer
Merrill Mahaffey
Jason Benjamin
Thomas Leung
Michael Fatali
Peter Jarver
Kenneth Duncan
Rodney Lough, Jr.
William Carr
Mark Gray
Clyde Butcher
Art Wolfe
Nick Brandt
William Eggleston
Ryan Green
Les Mayers
Richard Misrach
Bill Henson
Andreas Feininger
Hayley Lever
Harold Newton
Gil Bruvel
Bob Marchant
Jay Mark Johnson
Dean Vella
Tom Swimm
Michael Staniak
Arthur Boyd
Kristian Mumford
Emma Haworth
Steve Turnbull
Michael Kenna
Norman Lindsay
Terry Oneill
Ford Smith
Angelina Nasso
Mahiriki Tangaroa
Ian Ely


text:
The RCA IP110S 3-Line IP Phone is packed with business-class features including, a full-duplex speakerphone, voicemail to e-mail, Caller ID, do-not-disturb, VIP ringtones, call transfer, 3-way call conferencing, a digital receptionist, and more.
Getting started is easy. Simply purchase an RCA IP110S phone from Hello Direct, plug it in, and then activate your service by visiting www.rca4business.com or calling (877) 997-9000.
Affordable IP phone and service for growing businesses!
Sets up in minutes — with your broadband internet connection.
Unlimited calling — in the United States and Canada.
Grows with your business — Add phones to your service as your business expands. Each employee has multiple lines to make or answer calls.
Business class features — including a full-duplex speakerphone, Caller ID, voice mail to e-email, don-not-disturb, music-on- hold, a digital receptionist, VIP ringtones, call transfer, 3-way call conferencing, and more.
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Set up anywhere — in a home office or remote office in minutes. Reach remote employees by direct dialing their extension. Perfect for employees who work out of the home.
30-day service satisfaction guarantee — gives you peace-of-mind.


text:
SAP is holding the U.S. leg of its TechEd 2012 customer and developer conference and exhibition in Las Vegas this week. The firm used its opening keynote address sessions to detail a set of extended developer services inside HANA, the company's in-memory computing platform.
As a high-performance analytical appliance with a supporting software and a hardware consideration to match, HANA has k been augmented with the introduction of the SAP HANA One platform, a deployment of SAP HANA certified for production use on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud.
Additionally, and of specific interest to readers of Dr. Dobb's, the company has also embedded application server capabilities in SAP HANA for developers and launched the SAP HANA Academy to enable self-learning at scale.
Application Servers-as-a-Service
New extended application services in SAP HANA are planned to deliver "application server capabilities as services" to programmers. Although the firm could be accused of merely paying lip service to the programming community with its "we are really focused on developers" assurances, this latest development will see these new functionalities embedded into HANA with the aim of streamlining application and data processing in one in-memory platform supporting HTML5 and JavaScript.
The extended application services in HANA aim to reduce application layers by selectively consolidating application server and real-time data server technologies. This, says the firm, is intended to streamline data processing and application development efforts for the creation of real-time applications.
The extended application services in SAP HANA developments are to be exposed as services via newly enabled data access services, such as ODATA, ATOM, JSON, XML, or XMLA. These exposed services could subsequently be consumed by any business-critical or consumer-facing applications.


text:
Check out 566513 great deals for the search snow mobile. Take a look here for other great listings such as: arctic cat part, snowmobile yamaha, Snowmobile helmet, snowmobile vintage and light tail and also look through Vintage to browse for more great Snowmobiling bargains on Sporting Goods items from HockeySandwich.com.
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text:
In the meantime, it appears to have been FCC Type Accepted.
More when we have it.
Welcome to my Btown Monitoring Post personal blog page. This is where all my non-military radio monitoring material will be placed. Since I am an "all spectrum monitor," I will be posting a wide variety of radio stuff here, so be sure to check back often. Copyright © 2006-2019 by Teak Publishing, who is solely responsible for the content on this blog. All rights reserved and redistribution these pages in any format without prior permission is strictly prohibited. Links to stories are permitted.


text:
Déjà vu for Obama in Syria
Barack Obama has a bad case of Syria déjà vu.
Nearly one year after he stood at the brink of ordering military action against Syria — but said he'd only step across if Congress agreed — the president finds himself in an eerily similar situation.
Story Continued Below
Then, as now, the world has been horrified by violence in the region. Then, as now, the drumbeat of increased military operations has grown louder. And then, as now, a president whose political rise was partly defined by his opposition to interventions abroad must decide whether to escalate American involvement, either on his own or with permission from Congress.
( Also on POLITICO: Obama to James Foley's killers: 'America does not forget')
So Obama is once again stuck on a national security crisis: worried about political support on Capitol Hill for a vote on intervention and held back by his own visceral resistance to unilateral military action.
The White House, for the record, says this is not the same dilemma Obama faced last Labor Day.
"The goal of the mission from last year was aimed squarely at the [Bashar] Assad regime," said White House press secretary Josh Earnest. "The situation a year later is markedly different."
Last year, the White House argues, the question was whether the U.S. should put its combat boot onto the scales of the Syrian civil war, tipping them in favor of moderate fighters in their struggle against Assad, Syria's president. Now, the question is whether the U.S. should expand to Syria its current operations in Iraq against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, which Pentagon and other leaders warn is an ever-growing threat to the U.S.
( Also on POLITICO: Obama vows to remove ISIL 'cancer')
"They can be contained. Not in perpetuity," said Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey. "This is an organization that has an apocalyptic, end-of-days strategic vision and which will eventually have to be defeated. … Can they be defeated without addressing that part of their organization which resides in Syria? The answer is no. That will have to be addressed on both sides of what is essentially at this point a nonexistent border."
Already, military surveillance flights over Syria have begun, according to reports on Tuesday, enabling commanders to get a real-time picture of what's happening on the ground and select potential targets if they get the order.
Members of Congress are feeling déjà vu of their own — now, like last year, they are worried about the prospect of a tough vote to authorize an attack in Syria. Defense advocates already complain that Obama has done nothing to sell his plan to arm and train vetted Syrian rebels, and even some of his own allies worry he will put in a similarly lackluster effort if he decides to order an attack sooner.
( Also on POLITICO: Candidate uses Foley video in ad)
"I urge the administration to use the next two weeks to clearly define the strategy and objectives of its mission against ISIL, then bring it to Congress for a debate and authorization vote," said Democratic Sen. Tim Kaine of Virginia. "I have long stressed that Congress must formally approve the initiation of significant military action — it is what the framers of the Constitution intended, and Congress and the executive have a responsibility to do the hard work to build a political consensus in support of our military mission."
Like last year, Republican defense hawks have repeatedly urged Obama to do more militarily and have lambasted the White House for not taking strong enough action — even after Obama authorized airstrikes in Iraq.


text:
Business, General Business Projects in Mongolia by Elizabeth Watson
I would love to say that I had planned my trip to Mongolia for months, but the reality is that I am not that organised, and I actually only applied one month before my trip to Mongolia. However, within a couple of emails to Projects Abroad they had my placement, host family and flights planned.
After telling my friends and family I was travelling to Mongolia, most of their reactions were "Why Mongolia?" I chose this destination as I wanted to do a Business project within Asia. It was also a great chance to work in a city which is growing as rapidly as Ulaanbaatar; it was the perfect choice.
The first weekend in Ulaanbaatar
About 15 hours after leaving London, I was being welcomed at the airport in Ulaanbaatar by one of the Projects Abroad staff. Thankfully, I arrived about 10pm so I was driven straight to my host family's apartment and after a brief introduction I was left to sleep off my jet lag.
The first morning in Ulaanbaatar I was properly introduced to my host grandmother, mother and sister. Shortly after, I was taken off on my introduction and tour of Ulaanbaatar by one of the Projects Abroad staff. They helped me set up my new Mongolian number, exchange my money for bundle of tögrög notes (also known as tugrik) and gave me a map of Ulaanbaatar; then I was ready for my first weekend.
Thankfully it is quite easy to travel around Ulaanbaatar. If you got lost, you would either search for the main road through the city named Peace Avenue, or look to the skyline for the Blue Sky Tower, which is situated in the very centre of the city. After my first day wandering in the city, alone, I was ready to experience my first Mongolian dinner and join my host family in the living room to watch some Korean soap operas (which apparently is very popular in Mongolia).
My experience in the countryside
On my second day, my host sister invited me on a trip to the countryside with the rest of the family. I had heard so much about the countryside that I jumped at the chance. It is probably worth mentioning that the road conditions in Ulaanbaatar aren't great in summer, as this is the only time of year the weather is good enough to get road-work done.
My first trip to the countryside was quite an experience, with very bumpy roads (and some dirt tracks) and excessive overtaking, I was very thankful that I didn't get car sick. However, the countryside is definitely worth the 'bad' road conditions. I was taken aback by how beautiful Mongolia was with its untouched landscapes for miles. This was also my first chance to visit a traditional Nomadic home called a Ger; which many of those who live in the city move to during the summer months.
My Business project in Mongolia
I was placed at the Credit Guarantee Fund of Mongolia; an NGO which officially started operating in 2013. They focused on helping small to medium enterprises struggling to obtain loans from the bank by providing a guarantee to the repayment of their loan.
During my first week I was placed in the marketing department. Since the organisation is new, they looked at other countries for examples of how to operate credit guarantee schemes. I was given the task of producing a report into how these schemes are run and marketed in the UK. This was not only helpful to them, but it gave me insight into the difference in opportunities for small businesses in a country like my own in comparison to Mongolia.
My remaining weeks were spent working in the international relations department, helping businesses apply for funding from other countries and wrote up reports on recent business trips. I also taught basic English to some of the staff. This was really fun for me; getting to see them so eager to learn a language I take for granted. It gave me a chance to share some information about my culture.
The Mongolian people can be quite shy when it comes to speaking in English, so I think one of my best moments was when one of the men I had taught English had a conversation with me in front of the entire office. On my last day the director of the company even presented me with a goodbye gift and thanked me for my work. It was such a lovely end to my time there and made me realise how a little bit of help can aid these organisations.
Free time in Mongolia
Obviously being in a different country there will be cultural differences, but having the other volunteers who were going through the same experience made it a lot easier. There were a lot of discussions about the food, including some fermented cheese that I will never forget the taste of. Whether it was a pint at Grand Khaans Irish pub, or doing tourist activities on the weekend, it was great sharing our experiences with each other.
I would say our trip to Terelj National Park, about 2 hours east of the city, was one of my best experiences, and I would advise anyone going to Ulaanbaatar to take this trip. Also, for one of my last night's we had planned a trip up to the Zaisan memorial which was built as a memorial for the soviet soldiers killed in World War II. Armed with some champagne and a watermelon, we made it to the top, after climbing a ridiculous amount of steps to watch the sunset over the city. The view was amazing and such a great way to end my time in Ulaanbaatar.
I have been home for about a month now and I miss the people I met and the country. It's a beautiful place and the people are incredibly friendly. I would advise anyone considering travelling to Mongolia to definitely do it.
Elizabeth Watson
Ce témoignage est basé sur l'expérience unique d'un volontaire à un certain moment donné. Nos projets s'adaptent constamment aux besoins locaux, ils évoluent au fur et à mesure que des volontaires s'impliquent et s'adaptent aux saisons, ainsi votre expérience sur place pourra être différente de celle décrite ici. Pour en savoir plus sur cette mission, vous pouvez consulter la page de ce projet ou bien contacter l'un de nos conseillers de volontaires.


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Palo Alto prides itself on recycling, but residents may soon find it more expensive and less convenient to divert their waste from landfills.
The city is considering instituting a new rate for recycling and composting -- services that are currently offered for free. At the same time, staff is exploring closing the Recycling Center in the Baylands, a facility that allows residents to drop off such non-recyclable items as fluorescent lamps, anti-freeze and auto batteries.
The moves are part of a broader city effort to bring stability to the volatile Refuse Fund, which has been losing money for several years and is facing a $3.7 million deficit in the current fiscal year. City officials are also trying to bring the refuse system in compliance with Proposition 218, a state law that bars cities from setting rates that exceed the cost of providing the services for which these rates are charged.
Palo Alto currently charges commercial customers more than the cost of the service provided. Residential customers, meanwhile, get a major subsidy from the city. According to a Public Works estimate, the residential rates would have to be raised by 79 percent and commercial rates lowered by 42 percent for parity to be reached.
The City Council Finance Committee discussed on Tuesday night a variety of staff proposals for balancing the Refuse Fund's short- and long-term budget deficits. The committee balked at a staff proposal to raise residential rates by about 13 percent in October and asked staff to instead consider a flat fee that could be added to each residential garbage bill. The fee would help cover the trash, recycling and composting services.
The new fee is one of many changes the city is considering for its cash-strapped refuse operation, which depends on traditional trash for sustenance. The city loses revenue every time a customer goes green and switches from the standard 32-gallon trash can to the cheaper 16-gallon minican. So while residents are encouraged to recycle more and throw away less, these green efforts are also expanding the budget hole in the Refuse Fund.
To deal with this problem, the city is undertaking of a Cost of Service Study that would analyze the costs of each service and allow the city to completely overhaul its rates, possibly adding charges for composting and recycling. The study is scheduled to be completed in November.
In the meantime, committee members agreed Tuesday on the flat fee for residential customers. Though a flat fee would not encourage conservation, it would bring the city closer to Proposition 218 compliance. The new fee would go in effect in October.
Councilman Greg Schmid and Councilwoman Nancy Shepherd both said Tuesday that adding a fixed fee to customers' refuse bills would bring the city closer to rate parity. Schmid said Tuesday he was "startled" by the existing disconnect in the Refuse Fund between what the residents pay and the services the city provides. Under the current system, he said, customers could be paying for services they might not get.
"How can we be charging garbage rates to pay for all the other services?" Schmid asked.
Staff also proposed saving money by replacing the existing Recycling Center with a smaller facility that would be open twice a week, four hours per day. It would cost about $525,000 to make the needed site improvements, but the city would save about $300,000 a year when compared to the cost of running the current facility.
The committee, however, decided to take it a step further and asked staff to consider a full closure of the Recycling Center. Only about 6 percent of the city's total recyclable items were deposited at the Recycling Center in fiscal year 2011 -- down from about 13 percent in 2008, according to Public Works data.
Councilman Greg Scharff said he would rather see the facility close and have the city add three to four "cleanup days" in which trucks would pick up items that would otherwise be bound for the Recycling Center.
"I'd like to come up with a plan to eliminate the Recycling Center," Scharff said. "I think it makes sense."
Residents would also be able to take their fluorescent lamps, cooking oil, CDs, motor oil and antifreeze to the Sunnyvale Materials Recovery and Transfer Station (SMaRT).
Staff is scheduled to return to the committee on July 19 with a new fee proposal.


text:
One Month to Butterfly Bliss main content.
by AMNH on
Outside, you may see monarch butterflies fluttering among the slowly falling leaves—but, like many insects, they're winding down for the season and, in the case of the monarchs getting ready to make their more than 3,000-mile migration to Mexico. So pretty soon, we all may be needing a butterfly fix.
Just in time comes the return of the Museum's annual Butterfly Conservatory: Tropical Butterflies Alive in Winter, opening in just one month, on Saturday, October 12.
Inside the Museum's plant-filled conservatory, you'll walk among up to 500 butterflies (and, sometimes, moths) from around the world. To give you a taste of the pleasures to come, here are a few photographs from the conservatory in years past, as well as some images of the types of butterflies and moths you might see.
The Butterfly Conservatory: Tropical Butterflies Alive in Winter opens Saturday, October 12, 2013. Buy tickets.
To learn more about NYC insect and invertebrate life-cycles, check out A Seasonal Guide to New York City Invertebrates, a free, downloadable book published by the Museum's Center for Biodiversity and Conservation.
The Butterfly Conservatory is organized by the American Museum of Natural History, New York (www.amnh.org).
Lord & Taylor is the proud sponsor of The Butterfly Conservatory.
Generous support for The Butterfly Conservatory has been provided by the Eileen P. Bernard Exhibition Fund.


text:
Slave and slaveowner research is not for the faint of heart, that's for sure.
On top of all the genealogy methodology that you need to learn to do it well, there's the emotional impact of simply looking at the documents that you have to deal with.
After 14 years, my heart still bleeds every time I see:
- a will with "negro Sarah and her two children" in the same sentence with silverware
- an older slave's value being listed as "0" in an inventory after a lifetime of stolen service.
- a slave being "divided" between heirs in a probate division, as if they can truly be split asunder,
I could list a hundred other examples that just make me sad for the human spirit.
But, we press on through all of this and keep reaching for each and every tidbit we can about our enslaved ancestors, or as I like to think of it, ways to reclaim our kin. Every now and then, we inch forward. I've had quite a few interesting breakthroughs lately. I had to take a break because of my new son and I'm thinking maybe it's because I'm able to look at some of my research with fresh eyes that I've had some recent successes.
I have been slowly (very slowly) working on finishing writing up all the research on all of my lines, and being sure to properly source cite them which is the most time-consuming part. It's a good exercise because you can clearly see places where there are gaps in your research. While doing this for my Prather line, I noticed that I had not viewed all of the probate documents for the slaveowner's family.
My Prather family is from Montgomery County, Maryland. We are descendants of Levi and Martha (Simpson) Prather; we had a reunion in 2009 of almost 200 people where we celebrated our heritage, laughed, ate & just had an all around great time. I had been frantically researching the line in preparation for the reunion, trying to research the enslaved roots of Levi. It was very, very difficult even with the terrific records available in Maryland and Montgomery County.
I found that Levi's father was Rezin (Resin) Prather. You'd think both of those names would stick out in the records, but believe it or not, both names were popular in the area at that time and I found many African-Americans and whites with those same names. However, three things lead me to conclude that he is more likely than not Levi's father:
1. At age 70, Rezin is living in the household with Levi & Martha on the 1870 census.
2. Levi and Martha named one of their sons Rezin.
3. Rezin's death in 1872 is noted in our Prather family bible.
Rezin was born around 1800, and writing the history had me thinking more and more about what his life had been like. At that point is when I discovered I had not researched all of the slaveowner's family.
Rezin had been enslaved by Nathan Cooke prior to emancipation. Nathan was married to Elizabeth Magruder. Both of them died in 1869, but I finally pulled both their parent's probate records. Sorting their families took forever–like many slaveowning families, they gave their children the same names and married first cousins and other close relatives. But once I did, I found gold: Elizabeth's father was Zadock Magruder and he died intestate in 1809. In his inventory I found listed….a boy Resin, 7 years old!
Many slaveowners gifted slaves to their daughters upon their marriages, or in their wills. Apparently, Rezin made his way to Zadock's daughter's household and was now the legal property of her husband, Nathan Cooke. Zadock's inventory also contains the names of 2 young enslaved women, one of whom is likely Rezin's mother (given his young age): Nelly or Milly. Zadock Magruder served in the Revolutionary War and there is a high school in Montgomery County today named after him.
This was a great find, just in time for my birthday. To just push it back that little bit further feels really, really good.


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Corporate citizenship
Already our founders Hermann and Ernst Mahle attributed importance to combining long-term entrepreneurial thinking with social engagement. The dividends of the Group are used to sponsor a multitude of social projects through the MAHLE Foundation. Furthermore, MAHLE itself participates in many initiatives with a high level of commitment. Beneficent projects, donation collections, and charitable actions are often initiated locally—supported by the voluntary engagement of our employees. Taking on responsibility for the common good as a "friendly neighbor" is an integral characteristic of the MAHLE culture.
Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital
Funds from the Group and the Foundation in recent years, as well as the volunteer work of numerous MAHLE employees, have made the renovation and modernization of individual hospital sections possible in the Brazilian city of Itajubá. Additional extensive renovations are planned.
Formare schools
One of the most important social projects is the MAHLE Formare School in Brazil. At six MAHLE locations, MAHLE employees look after and teach around 130 young people in technical subjects each year. Since 2002, around 1,250 young people, most of them coming from socially disadvantaged families, have made successful transformations. 75 percent subsequently found a job, many of them at MAHLE.
Camerata Ivoti youth orchestra
For many years, MAHLE has been supporting Instituto Cultural Ivoti, which is well-known beyond the borders of Brazil and awards scholarships to musicians between the ages of 13 and 18.
Its "Camerata Ivoti" orchestra tours promote cultural exchange between Brazil and host countries—the ensemble has also played several times at our MAHLE INSIDE corporate exhibition at the Stuttgart headquarters.
Educational partnerships with schools
Many of our locations in Germany cooperate with local schools to provide students an insight into the diversity of the professional world by means of practical projects and to make it easier for them to choose a career. The scope of cooperation is defined as part of the educational partnerships—from internships to factory tours and parents' evenings to job application training or cooperation on projects in MINT subjects.
Christmas sales and donation collections
In Poland, impoverished children receive school lunches, food and clothing, and presents at Christmas thanks to donations.
In Germany, the training department has traditionally held a Christmas sales during the Advent season. The development and production of the items presents a new challenge year after year—for both the trainees and the master craftsmen. The revenue is used for social projects.
Solidarity with the weak
MAHLE employees provide volunteer services in children's and nursing homes and help international aid organizations with blood and stem cell donations—one example of this is reported from Pune/India: employees regularly donate blood to the Sassoon Hospital under the motto "Save lives, all it takes is a little love."
"Bravo l'industrie!"
"Bravo l'industrie!" is an introductory project for learning about careers in industry that Behr France has been organizing for over 20 years in close collaboration with the industrial union UIMM (Union des Industries et des Métiers de la Métallurgie) and the St. Joseph Institute. Each year, around 20 students at the Rouffach location have the opportunity to get to know the company very well. They are actively exploring a new topic in the field of automobile technology. Quite some career paths have been set with the help of this program.
Help for victims of earthquake and flood disasters
Prof. Junker, Chairman of the MAHLE Management Board, visited the affected MAHLE locations just a few days after the earthquake and tsunami in Japan, which caused the absolute worst-case scenario at the Fukushima nuclear power plant, in order to form a first-hand opinion and to express his condolences. The MAHLE corporate donation was considerably increased by a large number of individual donations from employees.
This is just one example of the solidarity of MAHLE employees. Donations were made after other earthquake disasters as well, such as in China.
Integrative medicine at the Filderklinik
As both shareholder and largest sponsor, the MAHLE Foundation provides substantial support to the Filderklinik near Stuttgart since its foundation. The biggest anthroposophic acute care hospital in southern Germany combines cutting-edge conventional medicine with complementary methods. Other specialist fields include perinatal medicine, integrative oncology, and the internal medicine department with its innovative methods for gastroenterology and abdominal surgery. The department of pediatrics at the Filderklinik also has an excellent reputation in neonatology, infant and child psychosomatics, and neuropediatrics. Their integrated holistic approach integrates methods of treatment such as music therapy, eurythmy therapy, orthopedagogy, and psychological psychotherapy. Parents have an important role to play in pediatrics at the Filderklinik: advising and guiding them in pedagogic, nursing, and medical issues is as much a part of the therapeutic concept here as the opportunity for parents to be with their children around the clock in order to promote the healing process.
Formula Student—with MAHLE at the forefront
Build a formula race car yourself: a dream come true for participants in the Formula Student competition. This is where students develop, design, and build a formula race car over the course of a year.
Once it is complete, the individual teams meet at global competitions to present their race cars to a specialist jury from the automotive industry and motorsport.
The teams compete in static and dynamic disciplines. And the fastest car wins? Far from it! The winner has the best combination of design, race performance, financial planning, and sales pitch.
Since 2006, MAHLE has been one of the primary sponsors of Formula Student Germany and additionally supports individual teams—some do not compete with classical combustion engines, but opt for purely electric powertrain solutions. Depending on the sponsorship category, we not only provide financial support but offer a mix of various training measures, products, and manufacturing options.
iThemba—hope for students in South Africa
iThemba—Zulu for "hope"—provides children with a more promising outlook for the future. With our education project in Durban/South Africa, we support mathematics and science instruction at rural schools in the region.
Computed tomography scanner for the regional hospital in Krotoszyn/Poland
A donation from the MAHLE Group enabled the purchase of a new 16-slice computed tomography scanner. The CT scanner that was previously being used was outdated. With the new scanner, the smooth operation of the hospital, which is of utmost importance to the entire region, is guaranteed. In addition, the range of medical services offered can be expanded.


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Trunk Coffee Table
trunks AMF040
32-3/4" x 18-1/8" x 22-3/4"H
list price: $850.00
your price: $680.00
Finished in distressed antique ivory wood 1930s travel trunk. Inside the trunk wood grain finished in dark walnut. Trunk has professional brass hardware, brass locks and keys, steamed cherry wood bent slats. Trunk complete with hand turned legs to serve a further life as a coffee table.
When the Gare Central was manned by porters carrying multiple travel trunks to the Pullman Coupe or your private carriage on the Orient Express... When travel was for restless souls with matching bank accounts and a yen for romance. When a Rolls coupe was delivered with a picnic trunk strapped to a tail-rack. And when this trunk held a complete setting for twelve, including champagne flutes and dispensers for foie gras and Petrossian.
|see also:
trunk end table


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Here is the opening of a paper of mine that Miles Mathis published on his website a couple of days ago. I am not going to paste it all, in part because it is so long, and in part because I don't know how to embed pictures. There were already some interesting reactions to it over on the 'introduce yourself' thread, so perhaps a moderator can move those responses over here. Some may worry that the paper's length at 33 pages is some kind of sinister signal. I assure you it was totally accidental.
Here is a link to the full paper: http://mileswmathis.com/fakir.pdf
Much has been written in recent years trying to tear down the mythological figure known as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. These anti-hagiographies appear to be aimed mainly at tarnishing his image, trying to show that Gandhi was not the great Mahatma he is made out to be. Some of this work focuses rather salaciously on his sleeping naked with his great-nieces in his later years or his alleged homosexual relationship with a German bodybuilder. Other work focuses attention on the hypocrisy and contradictory things he did or said, pointing to his racist attitudes towards South Africa's black population; his active support of the British in the Boer War and the violent suppression of the Zulu uprising; his support in recruiting Indian troops for WWI; his belief in Aryan supremacy and letters to Hitler who he called his friend; his involvement in the cover-up of the death of an American who was killed in riots in India that Gandhi helped instigate. But my aim here is not to hop on the muckraking bandwagon and drag Gandhi's name through the mud. Whereas these efforts appear to be aimed at showing that Gandhi was rather less than we thought, my goal here is to discover if Gandhi was rather more than we thought.
My initial suspicions came about after having read much of Miles's work tearing down our false idols and showing us what a sham our history is. My son was planning to dress up as Gandhi, and I thought: isn't it awfully convenient for the British that the man who is credited with liberating India preached non-violent resistance? We are told that was the secret of his success, but something just smelled fishy to me. After resisting my hunches for a couple of months, I finally gathered the courage (and the whisky) to take a deep breath and open up his Wikipedia page. When I came to this description of Gandhi's time as a law student in London, I nearly spit out my whisky:
"Influenced by Henry Salt's writing, he joined the Vegetarian Society, was elected to its executive committee, and started a local Bayswater chapter. Some of the vegetarians he met were members of the Theosophical Society, which had been founded in 1875 to further universal brotherhood, and which was devoted to the study of Buddhist and Hindu literature. They encouraged Gandhi to join them in reading the Bhagavad Gita both in translation as well as in the original."
On the Wikipedia page on Theosophy it says: "In November 1889 [Blavatsky] was visited by the Indian lawyer Mohandas Gandhi, who was studying the Bhagavad Gita with the Keightels [ed: actually Keightleys]. He became an associate member of Blavatsky's Lodge in March 1891, and would emphasize the close connection between Theosophy and Hinduism throughout his life."
In light of Miles's research on the Theosophical Society, Gandhi's connection to these key members of the Theosophical Society was enough to drag me down the rabbit hole, and it has turned out be quite a labyrinth. We'll be tripping over Theosophy quite a bit as we explore this underground maze. I'm going to start this paper with the way I got in, looking at Gandhi's family and upbringing. Then I'm going to talk about his time in London and his education there, branching out to discuss several intriguing connections. After that, we'll go back to India to talk about the founding of the Indian National Congress (INC) and explore some more history about several key players and where they come from. Then we'll take a closer look at the INC and Gandhi's political campaigns and an even closer look at some photos of Gandhi, where we find some very, um, shall we say, bizarre things. It's a long, winding paper, but I hope you'll agree in the end that it was worth hanging in there.


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text:
Branded Drugs Chalk Up a Win Under Health Law
Producers Can Assist on Copays; PBMs Object, Preferring Generics
Drug makers scored a significant win last week in their effort to increase sales from the rollout of the health-care overhaul, when the Obama administration cleared a path for the companies to help pay patients' out-of-pocket costs of prescriptions.
At issue was whether drug makers could help cover the cost of copayments on brand-name drugs for patients who get insurance through the overhaul's new insurance exchanges. The pharmaceutical industry spent about $4 billion on copayment assistance to patients in private health plans...


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Ronald Salem, MD, FACS, FRSC (Ed), FRCS(C), MBChB
Lampman Professor of Surgery (Oncology); Section Chief, Surgical Oncology
Departments & Organizations
Pancreatic Diseases Program
Yale Cancer Center: Gastrointestinal Cancers Program | Liver Cancer Program | Sarcoma Program
Yale Medicine
Office of Cooperative Research
Ronald R. Salem, MD earned his medical degree from University of Rhodesia and is a Board Certified Surgeon. Passionate about improving the lives of patients with cancer, he is committed to advancing medical and surgical treatment and integrating the latest techniques and minimally invasive surgery in his clinical practice. He is one of the few surgeons in Connecticut with a high volume practice performing the Whipple procedure.
Dr. Salem specializes in malignant and pre-malignant diseases of the pancreas, liver and biliary system, the gall bladder, stomach, colon and rectum, lymphoma, neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract as well as liver tumors in pregnant women.
His research includes a special focus on optimizing clinical outcomes in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery, combined modality therapy for esophageal cancer and the management of benign and malignant liver tumors.
He has received many honors and recognitions, including The Best Doctors, N.Y. Metro Area annually for over ten years; Best Doctors in Connecticut and Top Minimally Invasive Surgeons, NY Metro Area.
He was recently awarded the prestigious David and Cindy Lefell Award for clinical excellence, the Yale New Haven Hospital Heroes Award, the Smilow Cancer Center Clinical Award the Alvin Feinstein Teaching Award and has received the Chief Resident in Surgery Teaching Award on seven separate occasions.
Education & Training
|University of Rhodesia (1978)
|University of Rhodesia (1978)
|Chief Resident
|New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA
|Senior Resident
|New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA
|Research Felllow
|Dana Farber Cancer Center & New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA
|Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
|Emergency Room Physician
|Guys Hospital, London, UK
|Harare Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe
|Harare Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe
|Board Certification
|AB of Surgery, Surgery, General (1991, recertified: 2011)
Honors & Recognition
Connecticut Magazine Top Docs 2016Connecticut Magazine (2016)
Connecticut Magazine Top Docs 2015Connecticut Magazine (2015)
Master of Arts, Honoris CausaYale University, New Haven, CT (2006)
General Surgery Resident Teaching Award (2006)
Alvin Feinstein Clinical Teaching Award (2005)
Member Society of Distinguished Teachers (2005)
The Best Doctors - N.Y. Metro AreaCastle, Connolly Medical (2003, 2008)
Yale-New Haven Hospital Operating Rooms AwardYale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (2003)
General Surgery Resident Teaching Award (2002)
Top Minimally Invasive Surgeons, NY Metro areasNew York Magazine (2002)
General Surgery Resident Teaching Award (2001)
General Surgery Resident Teaching Award (2000)
The Best Doctors - N.Y. Metro AreaCastle, Connolly Medical (1998, 2000)
General Surgery Resident Teaching Award (1996)
General Surgery Resident Teaching Award (1991)


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I used to truly relish the weekends in my life. I would get off work at 4:30 or so on a Friday afternoon and just be gleeful that I had all of those hours between then and 7:30 on Monday to do whatever I wanted. My job was often stressful, so those hours became a real respite from the stress. I'd try very hard to fill it with things unrelated to my work.
Usually, that would mean a big buying spree on Friday evenings.
I'd usually stop and pick up some special foods for the weekend – maybe a couple six packs of craft beers and some special (read "expensive") items to grill. I'd hit the bookstore and buy a couple books to read. I might even pick up a new video game to play or a DVD to watch.
Saturday would usually find me engaged in some activity that cost money, such as a round of golf or a day out on the town with Sarah. Sunday afternoon would usually be spent consuming the rest whatever materials I had purchased a couple days earlier (but rarely actually getting through all of it).
As I became more conscious of my atrociously bad spending habits and the negative impact they were having on my financial state and my plans for the future, I couldn't help but notice how financially disastrous my weekends often were. If I was burning through $100 per weekend, that's $5,200 per year. That would cover payments on a fairly pricy car or cover a large portion of the mortgage.
Sarah and I decided to start challenging ourselves to have "money free weekends." During those weekends, our goal was to not spend any extra money beyond what we would ordinarily spend with typical meals at home and time spent at home, too.
We didn't do this every weekend, of course. At first, it was a monthly event.
Over time, we began to really appreciate the money free weekends. We always found interesting things to do that we hadn't been doing before, and we certainly appreciated the impact that a money-free weekend had on our bank account.
Gradually, money-free weekends became more and more frequent, until the majority of our weekends were money-free weekends. They became the new "norm."
Today, we don't actively choose to have money-free weekends, but almost all of our weekends are fairly close to that, anyway. The activities and routines we discovered during those weekends were so enjoyable and had such a positive impact on our finances that we'd far rather spend our weekends doing low-cost or no-cost things than spending money like we once did.
Want some suggestions? Go introduce yourself to your neighbors. Write a letter to an old friend. Walk through your house and take care of any maintenance tasks you see. Learn about a new topic using OpenCourseWare (or similar tools). Make a loaf of homemade bread or a batch of homemade laundry detergent. Go hiking. Toss around a Frisbee. Read a book that's been sitting on your shelf for a while. Go on a long walk through your neighborhood. Start a natural collection. Attend a religious service. Do some volunteer work. The list of ideas is nearly endless.
Want some more ideas? Here's a list of one hundred things to do during a money-free weekend, a list I compiled a few years ago. I encourage you to immediately skip the 80 or so you find boring (after all, no two people have all the same interests) and focus on filling your next few weekends with the remaining 20 items.
An enjoyable day spent without spending any money is a great day for yourself and for your wallet.
This post is part of a yearlong series called "365 Ways to Live Cheap (Revisited)," in which I'm revisiting the entries from my book "365 Ways to Live Cheap," which is available at Amazon and at bookstores everywhere. Images courtesy of Brittany Lynne Photography, the proprietor of which is my "photography intern" for this project.


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The Oakland Raiders will trade a late-round pick in the 2014 NFL draft to the Houston Texans in exchange for quarterback Matt Schaub, a league source told ESPN.
Schaub, who has a $14.5 million salary-cap figure and a $10 million base salary for 2014, became expendable when the Texans signed former Tennessee Titans quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick to a two-year deal Thursday night.
Not long after Houston acquired Fitzpatrick, Oakland made its final move on Schaub.
The Cleveland Browns had expressed some interest in Schaub, who could have been reunited with former offensive coordinator Kyle Shanahan. But the Raiders wanted Schaub even more, according to a source.
The trade between Oakland and Houston, two teams scheduled to pick in the top five, could impact the 2014 draft and how high quarterbacks will be selected.
Oakland will have Schaub, the veteran quarterback atop its offseason wish list and someone who reduces the Raiders' pressure to use their first-round pick — No. 5 overall — on a signal-caller.
Houston, which owns the No. 1 overall pick, likely will have an even greater need at the quarterback position by trading Schaub.
The Raiders currently have three quarterbacks on their roster in Terrelle Pryor, Matt McGloin and Trent Edwards. Coach Dennis Allen recently said he was not sure whether the team's quarterback of the future is in the locker room at this time.
After leading the Texans to back-to-back AFC South Division titles in 2011 and 2012, Schaub struggled early last season before being benched in favor of rookie Case Keenum in October. The 10-year veteran regained the starting job in late December but could not help the Texans avoid finishing the season with a 14-game losing streak, the longest skid in franchise history.
A two-time Pro Bowler, Schaub has eclipsed 4,000 passing yards three times in his career. The 32-year-old spent the past seven seasons as the Texans' starting quarterback.
ESPN.com Raiders reporter Paul Gutierrez contributed to this report. ESPN NFL Insider
Joined ESPN in 2009
Former president of the Pro Football Writers of America and the author of four books


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Fluid in lungs
My chest x-ray showed fluid in the lungs. I have used Tuberculosis treatment in year 2001, repeated doses in 2004 but in vain. What treatment should I use? No TB VIRUS FOUND. Is it TB as they suggested?
"Fluid in the lungs" can refer to congestion in the lungs themselves from many causes or to "pleural effusion" which is actually fluid build up in the space between the lungs and the chest wall. In both cases you can have shortness of breath and sometimes you may develop a dry cough or chest pain. Many cases of "fluid in the lung" have nothing to do with tuberculosis. Only your physician can sort through this.
I am not sure what type of tuberculosis you had or how your diagnosis of tuberculosis was made in the past. For discussion purposes, I am going to assume that you had a pleural effusion in 2001 and 2004, and after a thorough work-up no tuberculosis was found. However, because of your tuberculosis risk factors, physicians assumed that it was tuberculosis, and you were treated with multiple anti-tuberculosis medications for at least 6 months. Despite completing treatment for tuberculosis, the pleural effusion is still present.
Tuberculosis can cause pleural effusion but so can other infections such as viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, fungal or parasitic diseases. Besides infections, lung cancer, pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lung), rheumatic fever, systemic lupus erythematosous, other connective tissue disorders, certain drugs, heart failure, liver or kidney diseases can also cause pleural effusions.
If you were treated for tuberculosis and the effusion returned, the assumption would be that it may not have been tuberculosis or that if it was tuberculosis, the antituberculosis medication you were treated with may not have been the right ones (e.g. you have a drug resistant type of tuberculosis).
Because it is so important to try and find out the cause of the pleural effusion so that proper treatment can be started, I will try and go over the work-up of pleural effusion. Your doctor may have already done these additional tests or studies. Some additional radiology studies that might be helpful are an ultrasound which uses sound waves to create a picture of the inside of the body to confirm that there is an abnormal pocket of fluid, and a computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan (an imaging test that creates a three dimensional picture of the inside of your body with x-ray). The CT scan can also give you a good image of the effusion and other abnormalities in your lungs such as pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, or cancerous nodule.
The most important study is to remove some of the fluid and send it to the laboratory to be tested. This is usually done with a needle inserted into the pleural cavity, a procedure called a thoracentesis. In underdeveloped countries where tuberculosis is common, tuberculosis is a common cause of pleural effusion. Because it is often difficult to confirm tuberculosis from the fluid, patients with pleural effusion are often treated empirically for tuberculosis and their pleural effusion will improve and disappear with the tuberculosis treatment.
Because you have already been treated for tuberculosis and the effusion is still present, it is even more important to try and make a diagnosis.
If the fluid is not helpful in making the initial diagnosis, sometimes larger amounts of fluid might be needed. If you have a large pleural effusion, this can be done easily. Otherwise, a biopsy of tissue is needed. This can be done by a lung doctor or a surgeon. The surgeon can use a video-assisted devise to put a camera in the pleural space to take a look at the inside of the chest wall and the lung and get a piece of tissue to help with the diagnosis.
There are also several new PCR DNA tests that can be done on the fluid or the tissue biopsy to help with diagnosis of tuberculosis or other infections.
The bottom line for this question is to consult your physician to make sure that the "fluid in the lung" IS or IS NOT related to tuberculosis.
For more information:
Go to the Tuberculosis health topic.


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A Hitchhiker's Thanks
STARRING: Rachel James
A Hitchhiker thanks his ride in the best way; stopping time, posing, stripping and getting blown.
FETISH ELEMENTS:?? Time stop, Blow job, Posing, Stripping
Note: Actresses are over 18 at the time of filming and the word "teen", "teenage", "young girl" is only meant to imply legal age characters regardless of audience interpretation.
PKF Studios adheres to USC 2257 record keeping requirements.
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|Getting ready for a ride with Big and Little
|Our family watching fireworks in the back of Grandma Mona's truck
Yes, I know. It's a bit of an exaggeration to discuss decisions about transport in my family as though they were some kind of religious affiliation. But the truth is, navigating our transition from being a two-car to a one-car family has been one of the most challenging, complex, and rewarding periods in our relationship.
When I first suggested that we get rid of a car so that I could purchase a new family bike, I think it's fair to say that my husband thought I was nuts. He was worried about the safety of bicycling with kids. He wondered how we might cope with bike breakdowns, and with longer travel times. He was concerned about the potential hassle and expense of buying a second car again if for some reason living with one car didn't work for us.
These days, he still may think I'm a little nuts for riding my bike everywhere, but he's proud of me, too. And our system works: it saves us money, keeps me healthy and in a good mood, and fits well into our very happy marriage.
Here's what has worked for us.
1. Poor Auto Maintenance
We had been discussing the possibility of selling one of our two cars for at least five months without finding much middle ground when my husband's car broke down. After a respectful period of grieving for his...terrible misfortune, we approached the issue of what to do with that broken-down car from a purely budgetary perspective. At that point I had already been living as if there were no second car for a few months. He'd had some time to see what it would be like for us to have one parent getting around primarily by bike, and one parent driving. Things were working pretty well. Why dump more money into maintaining a second car when we were really only using one?
I bring this up because I've heard of other families who got rid of cars this way: the car broke down, they figured out how to live without it while they were waiting for (or just procrastinating on) repairs, and they never looked back. Car neglect could work for you, too!
2. Not Selling our Second Car Right Away
My husband decided he would feel more comfortable with transitioning to one car if we kept the second car for a little while. We've never bought a car with credit, so both our (very modest, used) cars were already paid for. We changed our insurance plan to an extremely low-cost, vehicle-in-storage policy for Austin's car, and completely stopped driving it. (Easy to do when you don't fix it, of course.) Frankly, I was ready to sell the car right away, but hanging on to the extra car helped us reach consensus on the transition. Buying a second car after selling one off would be a big hassle, so for Austin, keeping the car around for a little while took the edge off a sizable concern. And he eventually did decide he was ready to sell it.
3. Compromise and Seeing the Big Picture
Once we decided to rid ourselves of the second car and buy a very nice family bike, we faced what was actually, in my opinion, a greater test of our ability to compromise: navigating the endless transportation decisions that arise in day-to-day family life. In some respects, I think our transition may have been easier if we had just gotten rid of both cars. (Which I am totally open to, Austin, if you happen to be reading this.) Because we still had one car, there was a lot of negotiation at first. How would we get to our movie date? What about last-minute, pre-dinner grocery runs? Dinners out with the kids?
On each of these questions, my inner bike geek was shouting "Go Team!" at the top of her lungs. I try, though, to take a deep breath and remember that my husband is making some really big changes, and often sacrificing his hard-earned free time (he works full time and goes to grad school at night) so that I can get around by bike. And he, thankfully, usually remembers that how I get around keeps me healthy and happy, and saves us money. There are trips that I make in the car with Austin because it would be silly or divisive to go separately. However, I've also made a mental list of places that I absolutely will not go in a car, under any circumstances: grocery stores, our kids' schools, the library, or anywhere within 3 miles. Those places are off-limits, and just as I wouldn't ask Austin to take the bus with me to his mom's house in Creswell, he doesn't ask me to visit the places in my no-drive zone by car.
One of the current challenges we face concerns my evening pilates class. It's located about 35 minutes away by bike, whereas by car it's only 15 minutes. I happen to really love the bike ride to class, and it seems ridiculous for me to drive somewhere in order to exercise. But Austin is my babysitter, and he is so overworked that the additional 40 minutes of travel time feels like a significant loss of study time to him. We've worked out a solution that I think will keep us both sane: if he feels like he needs that 40 minutes for schoolwork on my pilates nights, I can take the kids to a friend's house for dinner. I think the key for us has been figuring out which seemingly small problems are grounded in something bigger for one or the other of us. In this case, Austin's time is precious because he needs to spend so much of it studying and holding down a 9 to 5 job. The longer rides are important for keeping me healthy and fit, and touch on my sense of equity and responsibility: It doesn't feel right to drive somewhere regularly when I can get there by bike or transit. We feel frustrated with each other's choices sometimes -- what couple doesn't? But we work hard at remembering to be influenced by each other, and at seeing how these little nuts and bolts issues are sometimes connected to something bigger for one or the other of us. I feel that if we just managed a tit for tat kind of compromise for these problems, we wouldn't be quite as happy as we are.
When we first decided to stop using one car, Austin had some lingering concerns about the safety of bicycling with kids, logistics of long bike trips or fixing flats with kids in tow, and future changes in our family. Each one of these topics could be an essay in itself, but suffice to say that we talked each one out, in careful detail. I took a confident cycling class, which really did help me to figure out the best ways to get around (and taught me about inductive loops -- I can't recommend these classes enough). We made some specific plans for how I would cope with mechanical problems or with really bad weather (hail, electrical storms, etc.). And we've discussed our options for future changes -- such as the possibility that I will need to look for full-time teaching work in a bad economy, which could mean a position very far from home. I think that if we didn't take each others' fears and priorities seriously, we couldn't have made it through the transition to being a one-car household and still love being around each other.
4. Multi-Modal Dates
Another key to our success is dates. As many dates as we can get. They have been a great opportunity for us to travel a little by the other person's preferred mode. And also? They're dates.
In general, we alternate. One date is to the movies by bike, and the next is to some far-flung restaurant in a car. I do have to suck it up and pretend I don't wish I was riding my bike. (At least, most of the time I remember not to complain about it.) But Austin is a good sport and does his part by trying out going to places he normally wouldn't on a bike. He gets to see that I actually do know how to get around safely, and that most trips are pretty quick by bike. Now that it's getting dark so early, our bike dates are more likely to be on a weekend afternoon. No one wins converts to bicycling by making someone ride a bike in the rainy, cold dark. And we have fun -- by bike or by car. It would be a waste of perfectly good babysitting not to live it up when we have an evening to ourselves.
5. Having a back-up plan
In the course of those discussions about bad weather and bike break-downs, I had to think through how I would cope with major transportation failure. Would I call my husband to come pick us up? Sure, he would be willing to help, but I also have other options. I could take a taxi, or catch a bus. I actually did take a long taxi ride one afternoon when I jotted down the incorrect time for a bus from Veneta to Eugene. (The bus service on rural routes can be infrequent at best.) It cost me twenty bucks, which seemed expensive at first. But then, of course, I remembered: that's less than a tank of gas for our station wagon. I think it was a relief for both of us to consider some worst-case scenarios and realize that I wouldn't have to call on him to bail me out if it didn't feel like the best choice.
What doesn't kill you...
It's a cliche, but true: taking on big changes makes can make a relationship stronger. I had some moments of hesitation about going car-light at first -- wouldn't this really be hard on my marriage? For us, though, the big changes we've made to our life together -- though they may cause some bumps in the road in the short term -- make our marriage stronger and better in the long run. All those complicated things we throw at our relationship are not just worth it because of their own merits, they also help us stay happy and connected: kids, graduate school, getting rid of a car. There were difficult conversations and frustrating experiences aplenty along the way to our current, more balanced experience of being car-light. But that's how it is with everything complicated and interesting that's worth doing, right? Ultimately Austin wouldn't want to stand in the way of me doing something I find truly important, just as I want to support him in pursuing what he wants from life.
Our marriage is stronger now because we tested it with a bicycle. Add that to your list of things that are better by bike.