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Guest post: The soul of Rang De Basanti (2006)
I was honored when my friend theBollywoodFan asked if I would write a guest post about any Aamir Khan film of my choosing. Shukriyaa, bahut dhanyavaad mera dost! This is such a creative site and I wish him much continued success.
The 2006 film Rang De Basanti (RDB) speaks to me on so many levels as a non-Indian. It's a wonderful film about friendship, courage and spirit. Although it was made in India and targeted a younger audience, I feel overwhelmingly that this film could be about many countries in the world.
I grew up in the late turbulent 1960s and early '70s. America was changing, whether it wanted to or not. In 1963, the world witnessed as our young idealistic President Kennedy was assassinated. Several years later in 1968, we lost two more dynamic young men, civil rights leader Dr. M. L. King and presidential hopeful, Bobby Kennedy. We were in the midst of a very unpopular war in Southeast Asia and college campuses across the country became a launch pad for new ideas and political awareness. A real mistrust developed after four students were killed on the campus of Kent State University in Ohio while protesting the war. The younger generation began to see the importance of scrutinizing our leaders and questioning corruption. So RDB really reinforces for me that no one should be afraid to speak out for truth.
In Rang De Basanti, British documentary filmmaker Sue McKinley (Alice Patten) arrives on a New Delhi college campus with very little money, her grandfather's (Steven Mackintosh) diary from his days as a British jailer and a take no prisoners' attitude. Sue is determined to tell the story of five men and one woman from the diary that fought for the Indian Independence Movement. After holding a series of failed auditions on campus, Sue's friend Sonia (Soha Ali Khan) introduces her to a group of her closest friends, DJ/Chandrasekhar (Aamir Khan), Karan/Bhagat (Siddharth Narayan), Aslam/Ashfaqulla (Kunal Kapoor) and Sukhi/Shivaram (Sharman Joshi). These four give a new meaning to the term fun loving and adventurous. All four friends, led by DJ, reluctantly agree to join Sonia and act in Sue's film. The last member to join the cast is Laxman/Ram (Atul Kulkarni), a hardnosed local political activist that dislikes Aslam because he is a Muslim. Things are very tense at first between the guys and Laxman...
...but they soon relax as filming starts. As filming continues, we start seeing changes in perspective and values as our young actors' lives start merging with their characters as they are shooting film scenes. They soon realize that they do have some things in common with their revolutionary counterparts from the past. History does have a strange way of repeating itself.
We rejoice as Sonia get's engaged to the handsome fighter pilot Lt. Ajay Rathod (R. Madhavan). Ajay's proposal was a very beautiful scene indeed. He takes Sonia and her friends to one of his favorite places near the air base to ask the big question. A. R. Rahman's beautiful "Tu Bin Bataye" is playing appropriately in the background for the two lovers.
Aside from the wonderful music, like the colorful title song "Rang De Basanti", I found one of the best parts of the film was the carefree moments that the group shared with each other, just being themselves,...
...as they did while we hear "Paathshaala" and "Khalbali". In my opinion, the latter is the most powerful song in the film as we see freedom fighters demanding basic human rights from their jailers. (Here's Rahman performing it live in concert.)
Sadly, we learn that Ajay is tragically killed while flying a mission, after which we see the humbling "Lukka Chuppi". After Ajay's death, crash investigators release information that his crash may have been due to faulty MIG-21 parts obtained in a corrupt deal involving the Defense Minister (Mohan Agashe) and power broker Raj Singhania (Anupam Kher), Karan's father. Events are set into motion for a peaceful candlelight march and protest at the India Gate Memorial. Things turn ugly as police units are called in to remove protesters and Ajay's mother (Waheeda Rehman) is critically injured in the altercation, which is captured in "Khoon Chala".
*Spoiler Alert* Our young friends decide to take action against the corrupt Defense Minister just as the freedom fighters they play in their film had many years ago. Karan assumes the all important task of putting a stop to his father's corrupt business practices. Newspapers and television show fellow politicians labeling the Defense Minister as a hero. Later, following "Roobaroo", the five admit their crime after taking over a late night show at All India Radio when it is speculated that the Defense Minister was killed by terrorists.
It's interesting in the beginning of this film to see how apathetic the main characters are while asking why Ajay is so willing to sacrifice his life for their nation. By the end of the film, although tragic, we see that they have come full circle in their thought process and acts. (See Director Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra's note at the bottom of this post.)
Rang De Basanti does send out a very powerful message. The system is broken, not just in India but in nations all over the world, and we've become conditioned to believe that there's nothing that we can do to change corruption when we see it.
It is geared toward a youthful group indeed, but older viewers can certainly empathize with the films message. I highly recommend this film to those who believe life has to be lived status quo and especially to those who are in the midst of voting for new government leaders. Remember, as DJ says, you either live your life tolerating things the way they are or take responsibility to change them. I for one feel the latter is best. Thank you to the cast and crew of Rang de Basanti for a most memorable film.
The following note by Director Rakeysh Mehra was published in the 18 February 2009 edition of Filmfare magazine. (Click image to enlarge)
Also see:
Rang De Basanti (2006) at the Aazaadi Sawaari series.
30 comments:
I am thrilled to read this review, Katie and BollywoodFan! Apart from giving a nice insight into the way Rang de Basanti speaks to audiences throughout the world, it is also wonderful proof of the interesting bonding that goes on between Aamir's fans and bloggers! :-)
Brilliant idea to include R. Omkrakash Mehra's director's note just after the post. Very informative...
- Monday, April 27, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
Hi Aline, and thank you for your visit and comment! Rang De Basanti is truly exceptional in what it stands for and how it's managed to communicate its ideas to the masses. I think Rakeysh Mehra will forever have a tough act to follow, a film like this is seldom made.
Absolutely agree on the blogs providing a fantastic channel to fans to come together. It's been great to have AK's since the Lagaan DVD days! :)
- Monday, April 27, 2009
- JJC said...
Welcome Katherine! i would like to comment on your post but will have to raincheck on that. Ive watched rdb once but dont remember anything. I missed watching it in the theatre becuase of horrible freinds so when i saw it by myself at home i huffed and puffed so much i missed what was going on ;\
- Monday, April 27, 2009
- Filmi Girl said...
Welcome! What a lovely guest post - it really made me want to re-watch RDB with a set of fresh eyes. :)
- Monday, April 27, 2009
- Bhargav Saikia said...
Well written Katherine :) Thanks for sharing the director's note!
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
- Nicki said...
Thanks TBF for the guest post.
Katherine - since you live in Atlanta, we have to get together!! I love Aamir and I know you do too. :)
Interesting enough, I started off watching part of RDB the other day. I will have to finish it again because it's an awesome movie!
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
- Darshit said...
Love this post. As I also luuuv this movie, I loved everything written abt.
I also would like to share is - When I was studying Commutication Skills at evening classes, we had new classmate. Her name included 'Su' as she was a Korean. and was in Ahmedabad for studies. Instantly everyone started calling her Sue. As RDB was just released then. Once when we got at music shop, she bought DVD of RDB too. I was surprised, she didn't even know English perfectly, how hindi? She told me she saw this movie in plane journey and absolutely loved it. We discussed it over like hours. This was my first experience of meeting someone who is non-Indian and loved Bolly Movies. I didn't know Bolly is such famous !!!
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Hi Filmi Girl,
Thanks for the welcome...
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Hello Bhargav,
Glad you liked the post. Thanks...
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Hi Nicki,
Yes, thanks to BWF for the guest post idea. It was fun to do. Do finish watching the movie....
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Hello Darshit,
I love Indian films. This one just happens to be one of my favorites. All of my friends that watched this film loved it.
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
- gina said...
hey Katie!
That was wonderful and gave a whole new perspective to the movie...now I have to watch again with this new perspective in mind. :-) good idea that including the director's note at the end. Agree with "who believe life has to be lived status quo and especially to those who are in the midst of voting for new government ". very true..puts it in a whole new light..I have seen it from a historical perspective of how carefree, irreverant youth with no moorings or interest in history, turn around and change and become so resposible and sensitive and proactive after acting in the movie and also due to jolt Madhavan's deathand its after effects..
Thanks again for a lovely review.
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
Thank you all for your comments.
JJC: The raincheck expires this coming weekend! :D
And Darshit, I can certainly relate to your experience -- the first time I met who is now one of my very best friends (she's Cuban American), I was surprised at her knowledge of Hindi cinema. She doesn't speak Hindi either, but she sure knows her films. She was also on our college bhangra team, which won the North American college bhangra contest one year! Today, she is a dentist. And yes, of course she's also an Aamirian =)
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
Katie, that's an interesting note on your friends liking this. You present an excellent case, through your post, of the universality and vast applicability of the message behind it. It's true!
Gina: Thank you for stopping by, and do come again! I'll wait for Katie to respond to your comment as well, but I just wanted to add that I agree completely about the change in perspective of the students in the film being a result of the lack of respect (or knowledge too?) of the historical icons to begin with.
Somewhere, there was a disconnect between the vision of the founders and the actions of those a couple generations following. I don't think it'd be far-fetched to say the essence is similar to that of Barack Obama's speech on race during the presidential campaign, in which he rebuked Reverend Wright. It's certainly a powerful message.
- Tuesday, April 28, 2009
My thoughts on Rang de Basanti (excepts from my Review as posted on aamirkhan.org)
As Aamir Khan said in the BAFTA-Interview: The decision to make yet another film on Bhagat Singh was not easy... but it was definitly a very good one.
The story/characters
The idea to mix the story of Bhagat Singh, his group and their fight with the British with historic takes and with modern India and the lack of the youth to take part in politics or social issues was very good and well executed. I did find a piece of myself in every character. The funny DJ who is scared to leave the university because he does not want to become "nobody". The creative Aslam who is trying to live his life despite of all the fanatism in his family and his surrounding. The contemplative Karan who wants to escape his not very lovingly home and his corrupt father by going to America. The anxious Sukhi who feels strong with his friends. All characters - even small parts - are well written and fit beautifully into the story. And - let's face it - not knowing what to do with your life, the lack of interest in politics, not to take a stand in social issues, to take rather than to give - that is not only a problem amongst indians but as well where I live. So with the right "antic" material this story would work in almost every country....
The music and its picturisation
I think it is one of AR Rahman's best. The lyrics (Prasoon Joshi) are so wonderful and the picturisation is just brilliant. In the most frightful scenes like the ones at India Gate you expect something hard and noisy to support the brutal beating of the police but instead you get the very soft and almost sounding like a lovesong "Khoon chala" - and it hits you right into your stomach. And have you ever heard a better song about dying then "Lukka chuppi".... It sounds like if kids are playing with a kite, but the lyrics are just breathtaking....
What about...
the message of the film.
Unlike most people I have never felt that the message of the film is that it is right to shoot a politician when things do not work out the way you want them to be. It is one peak they are driven up.... And imagine.... What if the boys had decided to sue the minister for corruption.... Would a movie like that have any influence on people like it did with Mehras end? I don't think so. And why was there a discussion whether it is right or not to shoot the Minister but not about the fact that the boys were slaughtered - and that is what happend at the end when the commando "I don't want any survivors" was given despite the fact that the boys threw away their guns and gave up with their hands up....
For me the message of the film is to get in touch with your culture, your history, your fellow men and your country by doing something - whether it is to join politics, police force, military, etc. or "just" to take a stand in social issues and support wherever you can. And that is something not only the characters in the movie realise at the end but that is something everybody has to realise. If the attitude of a lot of the young people today does not change from "I don't care" to "I do care", history will indeed repeat itself.
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
@ Kathrine
Thank you for sharing your thoughts on my favourite movie. I enjoyed especially the beginning with your comments on the time when you grew up.
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
Thanks for reminding me about all that great music. I followed up the link to see Rahman live in concert. Kalbali is a better song than I remember because I found Aamir's dancing rather distracting! I don't find him to be such a great dancer, but obviously he is an actor first and foremost. Watching the clip I was amazed - that was the first time I had seen a conductor leading a rock band! No body seemed to be watching him, but then that is the lot of conductors, even the ones who stand in front of orchestras!
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
Hi Gina,
Thanks. Glad you liked the post. It does make us want to watch our politician's a little bit closer....
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
Hi Kristine,
Thanks for taking time to read the post.
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
Hello Joss,
I agree with you, Khalbali is a great song.
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
Kristine: Thank you for sharing! I mostly agree with your thoughts, although you do have me wondering about perceptions of the climax. Some of it was discussed in the second half of this post. Most seem to have perceived the murder of the politician as naive and impulsive, and this is only confirmed at the very end at the radio station. You're spot on with the message, of course. The film is certainly worthy of being an all time favorite. And yes, I agree that that climax was needed to make it most effective.
Joss: It's interesting you mention Aamir's dancing skills. I think Dil (1990) opposite Madhuri Dixit did them some real good as far as commercial cinema is concerned, we could almost sense a major progression from QSQT and the other works preceding, to the level an actor needs to be at, in that one film. And that's true about the conductors! As for Khalbali, I like that DJ's dance steps are in sync with the steps from Paathshaala! =)
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
All: I found these fantastic videos with user renditions of Lukka Chuppi:
1) Mahesh on the keyboard; and
2) Harita with vocals and Anubhav on the guitar. It's a particularly difficult one to sing, and she's done it really well.
Both videos are simply excellent, don't you think?
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
- Darshit said...
Well..singing the song is really tough. Harita sings it flawlessly. Loved the video. Even I have noted all the sargam in my post. And can sing it [except Rahman's trademark few lines] but singing full song at a stretch with sargam, is awesome !! Do you know her?
- Wednesday, April 29, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
I think they've all done an amazing job. And I think it's great that you managed to capture the sargam, great going, and thank you! And Mahesh (from vid #1) has some excellent videos as well.
- Thursday, April 30, 2009
- Sujoy said...
Su...kar mere mann ko ..kiya tu ne kya issaara...!! ;D
- Sunday, May 03, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
That bit was hilarious!
- Sunday, May 03, 2009
A great effort on your part to bring out this website. Its a pleasure reading your views here.
Wonderful analysis of all aspects of the movie,. I would like to add here that the song Lukka Chuppi is one of a very rare combination of a mother - son song. Normally you have brother and sister and lovers singing in a duet. In my opinion this song will always be the top of the chart kinda song.
But I would say hats off to you for such a lovely analysis of the movie
- Tuesday, May 05, 2009
- theBollywoodFan said...
Hey there Ark_03, and thanks so much for stopping by! I hope you enjoy some of the other Aamir movie reviews as well, the A-Z listing identifies them :)
- Tuesday, May 05, 2009
- celeste said...
Katie!!!!!! I'm so happy reading your brilliant post!!!!! Well done, girl!
- Tuesday, May 12, 2009
you have a wonderful site!
- Wednesday, February 24, 2010


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I also noticed a problem with the old UTAU wiki where there were a lot of WIP UTAUloids that seemed pretty abandoned. I don't know what the current policy is on WIP UTAUloids, but may I suggest a limit be imposed so that creators be urged to focus more on a small number of UTAUs rather than a large number of them? ouo Just a concern that I had.
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Coach Chan Gailey apparently isn't aware of it, but the Bills still have a shot to make it to the playoffs.
It will take a pretty miraculous set of circumstances for them to actually advance to the postseason and it appears they'll need to have all those things fall into place to get running back Fred Jackson back on the field this season. Jackson took a helmet to the knee during Sunday's loss to the Rams and Gailey said during a morning interview with WGR that the injury "doesn't look good."
Gailey said that Jackson is out a minimum of two to three weeks as a result of the injury, a timeline that basically brings Jackson's regular season to an end. Jackson has missed two games already this year with an injury to the same knee and missed a third game because of a concussion, contributing to a disappointing season across the board for Jackson.
Assuming the injury winds up following the prognosis laid out by Gailey and the Bills do the expected by missing the playoffs, that could be the last we see of Jackson in Buffalo. He's due to make nearly $5 million next season in salary and bonuses, a lot for a guy who has been passed by C.J. Spiller in terms of ability if not playing time. One of the chief complaints of the Bills season has been Spiller's usage, complaints that got some fuel as Spiller had eight touches to 14 for Jackson despite averaging more than four yards per touch more than Jackson managed.


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Athletic Performance
|Aside from training, nutrition may be the most important influence on athletic performance.1 However, in seeking a competitive edge, athletes are often susceptible to fad diets or supplements that have not been scientifically validated. Nevertheless, there is much useful research to guide the exerciser toward optimum health and performance.
Dietary changes that may be helpful for athletic performance
Carbohydrate beverages should be consumed during endurance training or competition (30 to 70 grams of carbohydrate per hour) to help prevent carbohydrate depletion that might otherwise occur near the end of the exercise period. Standard sport drinks containing 6 to 8% carbohydrates can be used during exercise to support both carbohydrate and fluid needs, but these should not contain large amounts of fructose, which can cause gastrointestinal distress.9 At the end of endurance exercise, body carbohydrate stores must be replaced to prepare for the next session. This replacement can be achieved most rapidly if 40 to 60 grams of carbohydrate are consumed right after exercise, repeating this intake every hour for at least five hours after the event.10 High-density carbohydrate beverages containing 20 to 25% carbohydrate are useful for immediate post-exercise repletion.
Adding protein to carbohydrate intake immediately after exercise may be helpful for improving recovery of glycogen (carbohydrate) stores after exercise according to some,11 12 13 though not all,14 15 16 17 18 controlled studies. It appears that adding protein during the post-exercise period is not necessary when carbohydrate intake is high enough (about 0.55 grams per pound of body weight).19
Carbohydrate loading, or "super-compensation," is a pre-event strategy that improves performance for some endurance athletes.20 21 Carbohydrate-loading can be achieved by consuming a 70% carbohydrate diet (or 4.5 grams per pound of body weight) for three to five days before competition, while gradually reducing training time, and ending with a day of no training while continuing the diet until the event date.
Glycemic index
Preliminary studies have suggested that increased protein intake may have biological effects that could improve muscle growth resulting from strength training, especially if liquid supplements (typically containing at least 6 grams of protein or amino acids in addition to varying amounts of carbohydrate) are taken either immediately after exercise or just before exercise.38 39 40 41 42 43 44 However, controlled studies have found no advantage of protein supplementation (up to about 100 grams per day or about 14 grams immediately following exercise) for improving strength or body composition as long as the diet already supplies typical amounts of protein and calories.45 46 47
Following a high-fat diet with at least 24 hours of high carbohydrate intake has been suggested as a way to achieve fat adaptation while restoring glycogen levels before endurance competition.51 52 While this concept is supported by physiological studies on athletes, no actual performance enhancement was shown when athletes were tested in competitive situations after a five- to six-day high-fat diet followed by 24 hours of high carbohydrate intake.53 54 55 However, one controlled study found a small, significant benefit of ten days of high fat intake followed by three days of high carbohydrate intake.56
Lifestyle changes that may be helpful for athletic performance
Nutritional supplements that may be helpful for athletic performance
Over 40 double-blind or controlled studies have found creatine supplementation (typically 136 mg per pound of body weight per day or 15 to 25 grams per day for five or six days) improves performance of either single or repetitive bouts of short-duration, high-intensity exercise lasting under 30 seconds each.66 67 68 69 70 71 72 Examples of this type of exercise include weightlifting; sprinting by runners, cyclists, or swimmers; and many types of athletic training regimens for speed and power. About 15 studies did not report enhancement by creatine of this type of performance. These have been criticized for their small size and other research design problems, but it is possible that some people, especially elite athletes, are less likely to benefit greatly from creatine supplementation.73
Fewer studies have investigated whether creatine supplementation benefits continuous high- intensity exercise lasting 30 seconds or longer. Five controlled studies have found creatine beneficial for this type of exercise,74 but one study found no benefit on performance of a military obstacle course run.75 Most studies of endurance performance have found no advantage of creatine supplementation, except perhaps for non-weight bearing exercise such as cycling. 76 77 78
Long-term use of creatine supplementation is typically done using smaller daily amounts (2 to 5 grams per day) after an initial loading period of several days with 20 grams per day. Very little research has been done to investigate the exercise performance effects of long-term creatine supplementation. One study reported that long-term creatine supplementation improved sprint performance.79 Four controlled long-term trials using untrained women,80 trained men,81 or untrained older adults found that creatine improved gains made in strength and lean body mass from weight-training programs.82 83 However, two controlled trials found no advantage of long-term creatine supplementation in weight-training football players.84 85
Creatine supplementation appears to increase body weight and lean body mass or fat-free mass, but these measurements do not distinguish between muscle growth and increased water content of muscle.86 87 A few double-blind studies using more specific muscle measurements have been done and found that combining creatine supplementation with strength training over several weeks does produce greater increases in muscle size compared with strength training alone.88 89 90
Multivitamin-mineral supplements
Very little research has been done to evaluate the ergogenic effects of most vitamins or minerals other than those discussed in this article. Supplementation with selenium (180 mcg per day for 10 weeks) had no effect on the results of endurance training in one double-blind trial.99 Vanadyl sulfate, a form of vanadium that may have an insulin-like action, was given to weight-training athletes in a double-blind trial, using 225 mcg per pound of body weight per day, but no effect on body composition was seen after 12 weeks, and effects on strength were inconsistent.100 The importance of other individual vitamins and minerals is discussed elsewhere in this section.
Placebo-controlled research, some of it double-blind, has shown that taking 400 to 3,000 mg of vitamin C per day for several days before and after intense exercise may reduce pain and speed up muscle strength recovery.103 104 105 However, taking vitamin C only after such exercise was not effective in another double-blind study.106 While some research has reported that vitamin E supplementation in the amount of 800 to 1,200 IU per day reduces biochemical measures of free radical activity and muscle damage caused by strenuous exercise,107 108 109 several studies have not found such benefits,110 111 112 113 and no research has investigated the effect of vitamin E on performance-related measures of strenuous exercise recovery. A combination of 90 mg per day of coenzyme Q10 and a very small amount of vitamin E did not produce any protective effects for marathon runners in one double-blind trial,114 while in another double-blind trial a combination of 50 mg per day of zinc and 3 mg per day of copper significantly reduced evidence of post-exercise free radical activity.115
In most well-controlled studies, exercise performance has not been shown to improve following supplementation with vitamin C, unless a deficiency exists, as might occur in athletes with unhealthy or irrational eating patterns.116 117 Similarly, vitamin E has not benefited exercise performance, 118 119 except possibly at high altitudes. 120 121
Alkalinizing agents
In one preliminary study, elderly men participating in a 12-week strength training program took a liquid supplement containing 10 grams of protein (part of which was soy protein), 7 grams of carbohydrate, and 3 grams of fat either immediately following exercise or two hours later.187 Men taking the supplement immediately following exercise experienced significantly greater gains in muscle growth and lean body mass than those supplementing two hours later, but strength gains were no different between the two groups. A controlled study of female gymnasts found that adding 0.45 grams of soy protein (0.45 grams per pound of body weight per day) to a diet that was adequate in protein during a four-month training program did not improve lean body mass compared with a placebo.188 No research has compared different sources of protein to see whether one source, such as soy protein, has a better or more consistent effect on exercise recovery or the results of strength training.
Animal studies suggest that whey protein can increase gains in lean body mass resulting from exercise.189 A controlled trial found that six weeks of strength training while taking 1.2 grams of whey protein per 2.2 of pounds body weight per day resulted in greater gains in lean body mass, but improved only one out of four strength tests.190 Another controlled study found that people taking 20 grams per day of whey protein for three months performed better on a test of short-term intense cycling exercise than people taking a similar amount of milk protein (casein).191 However, a double-blind trial found that men taking 1.5 grams per 2.2 lbs of body weight per day of predigested whey protein for 12 weeks along with a strength training exercise program gained only half as much lean body mass and had significantly smaller increases in strength compared with men using a similar amount of predigested casein along with strength training.192 A controlled study of HIV-infected women found that adding whey protein to strength training exercise was no more effective than exercise alone for increasing strength or improving body composition.193
Nonetheless, double-blind trials conducted by one group of researchers, combining weight training with either arginine and ornithine (500 mg of each, twice per day, five times per week) or placebo, found the amino-acid combination produced decreases in body fat,224 resulted in higher total strength and lean body mass, and reduced evidence of tissue breakdown after only five weeks.225
Aspartic acid
B-complex vitamins
Branched-chain amino acids
Chondroitin sulfate
Coenzyme Q10
Gamma oryzanol
Medium chain triglycerides
Ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate
Are there any side effects or interactions with athletic performance?
Refer to the individual supplement for information about any side effects or interactions.
Herbs that may be helpful for athletic performance
Cayenne (topical capsaicin)
Guaraná and kola
Are there any side effects or interactions with athletic performance?
Refer to the individual herb for information about any side effects or interactions.


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"And now the clincher, the aspect of the study that allowed the researchers to find patterns where none likely exist: "researcher degrees of freedom." That's a term used by psychologist Uri Simonsohn to describe researchers' ability to look at many different aspects of their data in a search for statistical significance. This doesn't mean the researchers are dishonest; they can be sincerely looking for patterns in the data. But our brains are such that we can, and do, find patterns in noise. In this case, the researchers asked people "What color is the shirt you are currently wearing?" but they don't say what they did about respondents who were wearing a dress, nor do they say if they asked about any other clothing. They gave nine color options and then decided to lump red and pink into a single category. They could easily have chosen red or pink on its own, and of course they also could've chosen other possibilities (for example, lumping all dark colors together and looking for a negative effect). They report that other colors didn't yield statistically significant differences, but the point here is that these differences could have been notable. The researchers ran the comparisons and could have reported any other statistically significant outcome. They picked Days 0 to 5 and 15 to 28 as comparison points for the time of supposed peak fertility. There are lots of degrees of freedom in those choices. They excluded some respondents they could've included and included other people they could've excluded. They did another step of exclusion based on responses to a certainty question."
And another…
"In one of his stories, science fiction writer and curmudgeon Thomas Disch wrote, "Creativeness is the ability to see relationships where none exist." We want our scientists to be creative, but we have to watch out for a system that allows any hunch to be ratcheted up to a level of statistical significance that is then taken as scientific proof.
Even if something is published in the flagship journal of the leading association of research psychologists, there's no reason to believe it. The system of scientific publication is set up to encourage publication of spurious findings."
In economics, we used to have many more of the type of study described here, and we surely still do. However, I am going to claim that they are on the decline – at least in my field of development economics. This is not because of the emergence of RCTs: in fact, if anything, RCTs initially may have made this problem worse. When you design your own field experiment and collect your own data, it is as easy, if not easier, to (consciously or not) try different outcome variables, specifications, subgroup analysis, etc. until a neat result emerges. But, the decline is happening through an indirect effect: because RCTs brought on the discussion of standards of reporting (CONSORT guidelines), pre-analysis plans, multiple comparisons, ad hoc subgroup analysis, etc., two things are happening: (i) researchers are much more aware of these issues themselves; and (ii) referees and editors are less likely to let people get away with these.
I think that this is a welcome development and a worthwhile ongoing discussion in various fields of scientific inquiry, including ours. Some colleagues do worry about pre-analysis plans restricting creativity too much and referees and editors discounting any secondary analysis (even if clearly outlined) completely for inclusion in good journals and I sympathize with this worry. The balance between minimizing the possibility of spurious findings while allowing researchers to still creatively examine their data is a hard one to strike – but we have no choice. Otherwise, we'll keep cycling through finding after finding that gets publicized for 15 minutes and gets debunked a few hours later.
This brings me to a question about pre-analysis plans, the answer to which I would like to try to crowd-source here. How hard should we be on ourselves when we're writing a pre-analysis plan? Let me be more specific…
In our study of the effects of cash transfers on young women's welfare in Malawi, we have now reached five years since baseline. Many of our originally never-married, adolescent female population are now married, have children, work, etc. Initially, we were interested in only a limited number of outcomes: school enrollment/test scores; teen pregnancy and early marriage; HIV, STIs, and mental health. But, now that many are married adults with children, we're interested in much more: their labor market outcomes, their health, the quality of their marriages, the attitudes of their husbands, the cognitive development of their children, i.e. a lot of things that contribute to their overall welfare and to that of the larger community. We're after that elusive concept of 'empowerment.' So, our surveys are full of questions on women's freedom, decision-making, assets, bargaining power, happiness, etc. We have to be honest and admit that, when we say we're looking to see whether the individuals in the treatment arm are more 'empowered,' we are not 100% sure what we mean…
In such a scenario, a pre-analysis plan is crucial and makes a lot of sense: if we started looking at all the questions we asked, soon enough we might be justifying to ourselves why we saw an effect in one 'empowerment' variable and not in another. That's when the 'stories' begin and the credibility of findings start to decline. However, reporting tens, if not hundreds, of impacts on each individual question is not very useful to anyone, either. So, what we decided to do is to create indices for each family of outcomes, such as self-efficacy, or financial decision-making, or divorce prospects, or freedom to use contraception, etc. In the pre-analysis plan, we propose to create each index by calculating the average of all standardized sub-questions that fall under that heading (which is usually a survey section or a sub-section). Then, the effects on all such indices would be reported so that readers can see if we're getting only one or two statistically significant results from the 20 or so indices we created. More importantly, we are NOT allowed to examine any of the sub-questions of an index within the primary analysis – unless the program had a significant effect on the overarching index. For indices with significant program effects, we can then see which sub-questions may be driving that effect.
However, this strategy has some risk, especially for outcomes like empowerment where we have little to go on in terms of predicting ex ante what particular outcomes in early adulthood would be affected by a two-year cash transfer program during adolescence. You notice that our approach, similar to a 'mean effects' approach of analyzing multiple outcome measures, weighs each sub-question equally. If we were smart about the families of questions we put together, i.e. a lot of the questions under that heading address the same underlying concept we're after, this should work fine. But, if we screwed up and the sub-questions are about different concepts, then a few unrelated sub-questions can cause treatment effects to be null when the rest of the group of sub-questions, had they been correctly grouped, would have revealed a strong effect.
Your answer to this dilemma may be: "Well, then, don't be stupid! Create sensible indices." In the end, that's what we tried to do from the start: using indices other people have used before, carefully drafting the survey instruments, still spending a lot of time ex-post going through each section and making sure earlier decisions still seem sensible (on second thought or in light of evidence from new papers since survey design), etc. Making this plan and sticking with it says that we're confident in our research question, hypotheses, and outcome variables and we will live with the consequences.
However, as a colleague suggested at a Sunday brunch recently, we could have done something slightly different as an insurance policy: instead of calculating indices by averaging standardized sub-questions, we could have used 'principal component analysis' (PCA) to create them. This would be akin to constructing indices like the asset index proposed by Filmer and Pritchett (2001), in a paper cited more than 2,400 times, as a proxy for wealth: as they describe, this approach extracts the common information contained in a family of variables more successfully than an ad hoc linear combination (such as the simple average we proposed above).
We decided against this partly because the units of such indices are pretty meaningless – so we could establish a relationship between treatment and an index, but describing the size of the effect (especially for sub-questions) would be more problematic. But, it would be a safeguard against exactly the kind of scenario I described above: if some questions were unrelated to others in the family, the PCA would have created a more sensible (although less definable) index.
What do the readers think? Please comment here or feel free to send me an email, or a tweet (the pre-analysis plan is not yet final, so you can have contribute to it by commenting before it is registered by the end of this week).
Join the Conversation
Hi Michael,
Thanks -- very thoughtful and helpful. Other than spending some time figuring out the optimal indices, what you propose sounds a lot like what we're about to register. I think that my post did not make clear the big red line you're also alluding to: we have no intention of not doing anymore analysis that either departs from pre-analysis plan or digging into insignificant overarching indices that have plausible heterogeneity of impacts in sub-groups. It's just that we want to set them apart to ourselves and the readers.
We actually think that there will also be a fair amount of methodological secondary analysis -- e.g that have to do with extensive vs. intensive margin effects, in interpreting the findings, etc. These will be part of the paper (or 'science' as you call it) and would distinguish the work from a rote reporting of a pre-analysis plan -- which is useful but in a limited and sometimes uninteresting way...
Thanks again for taking the time to comment.
My go-to reference for questions like this is Popper's Logic of Scientific Discovery, which has direct practical recommendations. Simplifying: there are two steps to method, hypothesis generation and hypothesis testing. Step 1 can come from anywhere, including a hallucination or a false belief. But maybe the most fertile ground for finding hypotheses to test experimentally is the *non-experimental* results of a prior study.
For your situation this means: 1) Lash your hands to one or two measures, for the purpose of hypothesis testing, labeled as such. Start with the one most influential in the literature, full stop. Don't agonize too much about whether it's the 'right' or 'best' index, because: 2) Also show the results with other indices/weightings as non-experimental results, labeled unmistakably as such, along with a theory about why results using different indices might differ. Step two is hypothesis generation, not testing, and it's every bit as important to the scientific method as hypothesis testing. Properly distinguished for readers, both are science. The hypotheses generated by ex-post subgroup analysis or alternative outcome indices in one paper can be tested in another paper. If it turns out to be an illusion, that becomes clear in the other paper.
In other words, paper A pre-commits to testing the effect of a pill on "well-being" as an average of pain-free days and self-reported happiness. Experimental result: nil. Clearly-labeled non-experimental section notes that there's a big positive effect on pain-free days in isolation, but not on self-reported happiness. Paper B then pre-commits to testing the effect of the same pill on pain-free days. All of this is science, including the non-experimental tests in Paper A that depart from the pre-analysis plan, because choosing the hypothesis for Paper B to test is part of hypothesis testing.
In short: Don't suppress analysis that departs from the pre-analysis plan, just make the departure fully transparent and set it apart in its own section. Then worry less about getting the pre-analysis plan perfect, trying to ignore the (real) pressure we all face for every paper to be a "home run". (Sorry Kiwis... er, a "sixer".)
Thanks Michael for the dispensation of sound advice by way of a classic, but also for the gracious acknowledgment of the tyranny of baseball analogies. Having said that, I fear the ranks of us Kiwi cricket fans are getting thinner every year.
I'm very interested in the index vs. PCA question. Though I'm not sure why you are worried about the unit size for the PCA. Presumably your index will be in standard deviations, which will require some harder thinking as well for people who don't have an intuitive understanding of an SD. And you can always convert the predicted values of the PCA factors into SD, so you would have the same units as your current index. For illustration, you could show a kernel density plot for the two groups. But maybe I'm wrong.
Anyway, Kling et al talk a bit about this issue for a paragraph or so, I think in their appendix to the MTO paper. My interpretation (perhaps incorrect) was that a PCA is appropriate when you are trying to get at an unknown factor (as you seem to be) but an index is important when you care about all the individual outcomes (eg, diabetes, hypertension, etc, you may all care about equally in a health index).
I like Michael's model. I wouldn't be bothered if both sets of results appeared in the same paper so long as there was a clear distinction between the paper A analysis and the paper B analysis. I think his point about using the most influential measure gets at something really important: pre analysis plans can be viewed as a mechanism to commit not only the researcher but also one's audience. It's a contract. The researcher is committed to do things a certain way, and the audience is committed to accept the result as a valid judgment on a hypothesis. The pre analysis plan should be workshopped with this kind of mutual commitment in mind---to carry the analogy, the contract requires input and negotiation from both parties. This should result in study designs and analysis plans that assess important hypotheses in ways convincing, ex ante, to the relevant community of researchers. Ideally the contract includes a conditional commitment to publish; this may be hard to do formally, so again this is why it is important to workshop the pre analysis plan---to gain some kind of informal commitment. When a paper comes out having been preceded by such a contract, critiques such as Gelman's would have to contend with the fact that the study was executed according to standards considered compelling ex ante in the discipline.
On index construction, I have some notes in my Quant Field Methods course on this issue. PCA and things like mean effects (or, what I prefer, inverse covariance weighted averages) have different logics. Here is a simple example. Suppose you have three variables: math standardized test score, math grades, and verbal standardized test score. For the example, suppose the two math variables are highly correlated but the verbal score exhibits weak correlation with either of the math scores. If you took, say, the inverse covariance weighted average of the standardized scores, you'd get a score that gives about 50% weight to the verbal scores and then 25% weight to each of the math variables. This might be considered a measure of "aptitude", like the SAT. It is an optimal combination of three variables that are considered ex ante to contribute to a common concept (aptitude), even if they are not all strongly correlated with each other (aptitude consists of different things). If you used PCA, you'd recover two dimensions, one that consists solely of math contributions, and another that consists solely of the verbal contribution. That buys you back a degree of freedom, which is good, but that's about all you've achieved. Whether it is the appropriate way to use the variables one way or another depends on whether you have an ex ante reason to think there us a common construct to which all three variables contribute or not.


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By Fareed Zakaria, CNN
India is America's friend, Israel's friend and Iran's friend. Amid all the talk of an Israeli strike on Iran, how is India managing to stay friends with everyone? What in the world is going on?
India is being criticized here in America for continuing to trade with Iran despite coordinated sanctions on Tehran. The Wall Street Journal recently ran a staff editorial calling New Delhi "the mullahs' last best friend." It also criticized India for casting its lot with Moscow and Beijing "for a handful of rupees."
Let's get some perspective.
New Delhi's defense is this: Iran is the world's 4th largest oil producer. It's biggest customer is India, which happens to be among the world's largest oil consumers and importers. The type of crude best suited to India's needs happens to be Iranian oil.
So there's an economic argument here - India needs Iran's oil as much as Iran needs to sell it. There have been reports the two countries reached a trade agreement to circumvent sanctions. Iran can't trade in dollars, so it is selling oil to India for rupees and bartered goods instead.
But there are also geopolitical concerns. India lives in a rough neighborhood, with an intense rivalry with Pakistan. Pakistan has for decades believed that it needed to limit India's influence in the region, particularly in Afghanistan. Islamabad has supported the Taliban against the Indian-backed Northern Alliance. And who helped India by siding with the Northern Alliance as well? Iran. The Iranians have always been hostile to the Pakistan-Taliban axis.
Outside of what it views as core interests, India is nowadays inactive on foreign policy. It has rarely been a force for good in the region or around the world. When the Maldives recently had a coup, New Delhi remained passive. During years of unrest in Myanmar, India rarely took a firm stance against the country's brutal military junta. And so on with other crises in the region in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and more. Compared to the clout it wants to have, New Delhi has paid only mild attention to its foreign policy. The Economist recently pointed out that India, with its population of 1.2 billion, has fewer diplomats than New Zealand, with a population of just 4 million!
Americans tend to believe that all good things go together. They befriend India, another democracy, so they will have identical views of foreign policy - the same friends and enemies. But India has different economic and geographic interests. Indians, for their part, think they can be free-riders on the international system, exploit the stability and security of the current set up and narrowly pursue their own interests. But for the world's largest democracy, that's an unworthy mission. India does have a tryst with destiny - and it isn't to buy cheap oil from whomever and damn the consequences.
For more of my thoughts throughout the week, I invite you to follow me on Facebook and Twitter and to visit the Global Public Square every day. Also, for more What in the World? pieces, click here.
India has become a dinosaur. A Smithsonian specimen. Like humpty dumpty even the USA and Israel is having a tough time holding it together. Living in the shadows of China, defined by Pakistan, haunted by Kashmir and punctuated by Bangladesh....India is struggling to find a meaning for its existence and a place in the new world order. How can it stand up,Fareed? Certainly not on its feet .....perhaps on its knees to seek redemption for double crossing USA in Iran. Typical of Indian DNA.
If ONLY you had replaced "INDIA" with "PAKISTAN" in your insightful analysis.
Indians should kiss the ground the Americans walk on. After all the they have done for the Indians the least they can do is say thank you my American benefactors. Then put the tail between their dhotis and get outta Iran as fast as they can before the drones come chasing them.
Let Indians decide what they want to kiss or not – if you have nothing better to do, try kissing a donkey's ass in the mean time. Hopefully he kicks you to bring you to sense while you are at it.
When Americans say jump you Indians should say how high, sire. Yours is not to reason why it is but to do or return to barbaric life practicing hinduism.
I will not question that Fareed has honest intentions. however, I think it is unfair to ask India to stand up for democracy. America is the worlds most powerful country. India and China have had a lot of tensions. Will America openly take the side of India vs China? Also, remember that America considers the terrorist state of Pakistan an ally!! If America can be friends with Pakistan and China and India, why cant we be friends with Iran and Israel? Let us also remember that America is also a very close ally of Saudi Arabia!!
This is not an indictment of America, it is only an acceptance of realities in the world. In the last 2 years or so, India-China relations have been on an upward path. The Chinese seem to want friendship with India and India has jumped at the opportunity. India has always had deep ties with the Russians and will continue to do so. And of course, Indians value their alliance with the United States very much.
India is not anti-Western, India is not anti-Chinese or anti-Russian. We are pro-India. We are proud that we do not create problems in this world and we wouldnt have it any other way.
And as a side note to Americans on this board, this current Indian policy is simply an emulation of American policy until 1940. And that model served Americans well, didnt it? The Indian republic is merely 62 years old and needs time to increase its capabilities. Most Indians look forward to the day we can contribute positively to freedom across the world, but that day is not today.
Food for thought. For example, Indians thinking Jews are true friends of Hindus need to just look at how they treat Christians in Israel.
Good point. Orthodox jews with no tolerance will not do any better than fundametalist Islam or for that matter any other fundametalist organization.
And to those of my Pakistani and Indian friends who think that Mr. Zakaria is anti-Pakistan & pro-India, he clearly is NOT, HE IS JUST FERVENTLY PRO-MUSLIM…. at all times!
In that sense he's staunchly Anti-West (for support to the Jewish nation, intervention in Muslim lands), Anti-India (Kashmir), Anti-Russia (Chechnya) plus perceived discrimination against Muslims being common with all of them… in short he's Anti-All things non-Islamic!
While he does oppose ALL WEST LEANING ISLAMIC REGIMES, he's careful NEVER to comment on the people and medieval Islamic societies which elect them in the first place, or directly/indirectly support their regimes' actions.
On the contrary several forward looking reputed, highly enlightened Pakistani Muslims/columnists themselves (e.g. Irfan Husain, Nadeem Paracha, I A Rehman, Kamran Shafi columnists for Pakistan's #1 daily Dawn, and Pervez Hoodbhoy) bitterly criticize DECAYING, INTOLERANT, FANATIC Pakistani society and hold them responsible for most of the country's ills. Just look up Dawn and read any of these enlightened Muslims' articles be it on Islam, Pakistani/US/Indian societies, treatment of Minorities, Misuse of America's freedoms by Muslims, Ground Zero Victory Mosque controversy, Muslim corruption/backwardness etc. and you know what's ailing Islamic societies, in SHARP CONTRAST to the free societies of the West and India.
This is relevant here given the BARRAGE OF ARTICLES Mr.Zakaria has penned directly/indirectly in favor of Islamic Iran's Nuclear program.
Well, good for us that YOU ARE NOT a professional journalist like Mr. Fareed Zakaria.
Your writing and logic stinks. And all you have been doing is demeaning Islam and Muslims like an old broken record.
Get something new now.
Fareed – a professional journalist.... is that your attempt at crude humor.
Dear Friend Krm007:
You said:
"India has become a dinosaur. A Smithsonian specimen. Like humpty dumpty even the USA and Israel is having a tough time holding it together. Living in the shadows of China, defined by Pakistan, haunted by Kashmir and punctuated by Bangladesh....India is struggling to find a meaning for its existence and a place in the new world order. How can it stand up,Fareed? Certainly not on its feet .....perhaps on its knees to seek redemption for double crossing USA in Iran. Typical of Indian DNA."
CONGRATULTATIONS…………..Actually I love it, b'coz it's 100% factual…..if you do a SIMPLE TRICK…..Replace "INDIA" with "PAKISTAN"
Let's try:
"Pakistan has become a dinosaur. A Smithsonian specimen. Like humpty dumpty even the USA, its NATO allies, and the entire free world are having a tough time holding it together. Living in the shadows of China, defined by "progressive mighty" India, haunted by Kashmir and punctuated by the "long lost" Bangladesh....Pakistan is struggling to find a meaning for its existence and a place in the new world order. How can it stand up, Fareed? Certainly not on its feet .....perhaps on its knees to seek redemption for double crossing USA in Iran. Typical of Pakistani DNA."
If I may, I will add: Pakistan – double crossing USA in Afganistan and against Taliban/Al Qaeda. USA is worried that if it does not engage Pakistan, it will become China's puppet. So it has to sleep with the enemy.
Here"s Johnnnyyy!!
Please be original and get away from the shadows of Pakistan....will ya? You hindus will always be defined by Pakistan....that is exactly my point and you proved it. Get a life.
Amit, ok agreed Muslims invaded India 1000 years back and we couldn't do anything. But right now Israel is trying to annihilate Iran and we will NOT allow it. This is happening right now and we will prevent it. Down with Israhell.
Agreed – Israel should not be allowed to destroy Iran (honest I do not think it can). Also, if it could, India is in no shape to prevent it. Israel does to Palestianians what they do to Israel – both are pretty horrific but when you are divided by religion and you think you are superior than others, and others have no right to exist – sadly no one does. Islam will one day understand the ditch it has dug for itself. Israel is less fanatic and does better of the too – that's why their society is more developed. Having friend in USA also helps. Honestly, I will never friend anyone whose sole existence is to destroy me and that's what muslims think about us kafirs. Good luck to them – let's see how long they live in that fantasy world.
Israel is A TERRORIST APARTHEID nation and it has been killing Palestinian Muslims and Christians end grabbing their lands every day. we will not allow that to happen. Israel will be wiped off the face of the earth very soon. JaiHind.
Jai Hind..........are you serious?
Amit are you really that ignorant? Islam and Judaism both are not true friends of Hinduism. Jews are worse because most of them have their pride in being Whites as well, for example the Ashkenazis. So my friend if you think Jews really need our help, you are dead wrong, Jews are the most selfish people, ever!
Jai Shri Krishna.
You are right – neither Islam, nor Jewish religion are friends of Hinduism. Abrahamic religions are quite different than HInduism/Buddism etc. Islam is worse of the three (if you include Christianity) when it comes to tolerance and respect for others. Christianity has gotten better over time but in areas like Africa, Christianity and Islam still clash violently. Islam is a breed apart – not sure if it should even be called a religion. It is so primitive and barbaric, it is a black spot on human race.
Depends on where look at things from. Our cultures consider Hindus as primitive, barbaric, polytheists, smelly, dark, oily, cow-worshipper, penis god lover, monkey god worshipper, fat elephant god's buttlicker, unhygienic uneducated, backwards, illiterate etc.
It's is better to stop demonizing other religions and cultures and enjoy the upcoming beautiful summer.
Whatever Hindu's do, they are tolerant and do not kill others – so they are not barbaric. Also, Hinduism is one of the most advanced thought system – someday read Sankhya philosophy if your brain can handle it. Idol worship is Hinduism is Greek influence and I agree – it sucks big time. Arya Samaj criticizes Idol Worship just as anyone else would – but Hinduism was idol worship free until 500 AD. As far as doing strange things is concerned – have you not seen Christians do strange things in their churches and muslims beat themselve up with chains.
BTW – I am not religious – I criticise Hinduism where it makes sense to do so. Any organized religion is a deterrant to creating a progressive society. You also have a nice and enjoyable summer.
Yea' don't gimme that crap – your whole concept of Dharma-Yuddha is "religious Wars". I have a PhD in comparative religions. Your whole Mahabharatha is nothing but war- your Hindu kings were killing each other before time immemorial – so don't act holier than thou. Hindus claim they can't kill life for eating (animals) but they are ready to kill Moslems & Christians in an instant.
If you have a degree in comparative religion – that must be from your church. Read history Mr. – and here is to get you started in comparative religion 101: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharma. Good luck.
yea- you didn't have any answer so you divulge – why the heck are u in US? You are surrounded by 80% Christians. Go back to India.
my qualm with you is you keep spouting religious hate and nothing else.
I am here to do the work that your sorry ass can't and get paid. So if you start doing your job, I will think about it 😉
BTW before you ask anyone else to go back to their country, ask your ancestors why they came here and also killed so many who were living here for thousand of years. You have some guts to tell others to leave this country when you can't even take care of it.
Hinduism is a cult. Shiv Sena defines hinduism and makes Ku Klux Klan look like angels. Get the drift?
KRM1007 – You have not evolved beyond a langoor. Shiv Sena is a right wing party whose influence is limited to a few cities in Maharastra. It participates in democratic process and is less radical than Republican Party under Cheney that murdered thousands of innocent muslims in Iraq. Get some brain cells if you got none.
And no one defines Hinduism than its members – it is one of the most inclusive and diseparate way of life on earth. You can believe in a god, in many gods or in none – it is a way of life. Not a pope trying to tell others what to do or priests raping children and hiding behind cross or Islam killing its own children like in Syria or Palestians celebrating after Al Queda killed innocent people on 9/11. You are too primitive to understand such a dharma. All you are capable of is being a sheep and following your religious leaders. Good luck with that.
@Jinnah....you can take a rotten egg like hinduism and package it in easter colors but it will remain rotten to the core. Hindus have massacred millions of people and make WW2 Nazi Germany look like Shangri La. Who are you kidding? The world knows hindus, we know hindus and they ain't no peach? Kapiche?
I've been browsing on-line more than 3 hours lately, yet I by no means found any attention-grabbing article like yours. It is beautiful value sufficient for me. In my opinion, if all webmasters and bloggers made just right content material as you probably did, the web will be much more useful than ever before.
Forget the GDP, focus on these murder statistics.
In India, millions of girls are strangled, slowly starved or simply tossed in the trash. Moreover, in India, at least 1,370 girls are aborted every day. As a comparison, some 250 Indians die every day in road accidents. Terrorists killed about six people, on an average, every day in 2009. In the last two decades of economic progress, 10 million girls have died as such in India.
Indians have killed more human beings (girls particularly) than Al Qaeda and Talibans put together.
Fareed, it might help if you look into a little recent history and analyse the situation a little before coming up with what could have been a very effective article.
The US ran into Iraq over:
1. Oil being sold in Euros by Saddam Hussein – this might have caused problems for the USD so they invented a 'WMD' story and 'BOMBED THE PLACE FLAT' – following which there were statements (in hindsight) saying there were NO weapons of mass destruction, and that this is what the security agencies had repeatedly told the folks who pulled the trigger. Justification for destroying what was once a reasonably well-off country was a dictator who had committed humanitarian crimes.
2. A large part of the US economy is defence – they were suppliers of arms to Iran, Iraq, Osama Bin Laden, the Taliban, Pakistan and quite a few other groups who were later 'recognised' as terrorist organisations/states. The war machine was kept going through war – and this one was convenient.
How about we apply the same concepts to Iran now? They've repeatedly said that they're not buliding weapons – there have been no WMDs found. They pose no threat to anyone at the moment since they've been pushed into a corner and pulled down quite a few notches already. They're a large source of oil. This is their main crime. There are sanctions against them for POLITICAL reasons. They're irritating their bully just that little bit more by selling their oil for currencies other than dollars.
If you'd like to go down as one of the many 'propaganda' journalists stuck with the standard foot-in-mouth issue after the US bombs Iran flat and finds no evidence of WMDs, by all means go ahead and write some more articles along these lines. I do however object to you suggesting India bow down to pressure of the US schoolyard-bully and not talk to Iraq because they're denying that they have a gun in their schoolbag as the bully is suggesting to the entire school AFTER the headmaster has checked the bag and found nothing.
Good job. Never easy to bell the cat or point a finger towards the bully. US foreign policy is – might is right. When they can't do it by themselves, they try and use UN and if that does not work – they roam around like cry babies threating others – funny thing is that they have realized that only so much can be achieved by threat.
India is much harder to control as they do not go around bullying others. If USA had respect for democracies, India will be its long time ally, not UAE or pakistan or taliban.
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dr. fareed zakaria u said smthing abt foreign policy of india & america .... U.S.As foreign policy is 2 kill innocent ppl (like in iraq & afghanistan) on the name of weapons of mass destruction......... weapons of mass destruction is none other than u.s itself ...... & if india dont hv ample diplomats 4 such foreign policy .. then we indians are really gratefull that we our leaders r not so enlightened as yours are......... u called india "mullahs last best friend " then what is america supporting taliban , pakistan , indonesian dictator suharto & list goes on & on........ by not supporting america in his so clalled " war on terrorism " . india is only protecting herself from falling prey to americas policy of world dominance.....!!! how could u expect india 2 support america & israel against iran ...when we know that u supported pak 2 built taliban against india & iran.......... u.s.a & pak used osama & mullah omar & threw them when not needed ....... btw we r peace lovers we also respect islam & iran .....so u cant fool us wid weapons of mass destruction like american citizens...
and also india needs 2 first settle its own internal affairs ............ we hv to boom our economy first & feed 1.2 billion ppl , not to go into any war..... for the purpose iran is not an enemy but a friend ...... i think america should mind its own bussiness, only then world will become a peacefull place.......!!!
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Really, again an article without any factual basis. India remains a committed and very large contributor to the UN. peace keeping force missions all over the world. Has donated roughly $5 Billion to african nations, $2 Billion spent on re-building Afghanistan helping the U.S. Indian army intervened in Sri Lanka and provided refuge to the deposed Maldivian PM in Indian embassy. Check the facts before publishing, Mr. Fareed Zakaria. These articles reflect your muslim appeasing and anti-India agenda. CNN, pls. check what is published by Mr. Zakaria for facts as major historical events are simply ignored.
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text:
Support the Society in 2016
Help us continue to inform, educate and inspire
As 2016 comes to a close, we face new challenges to scientific progress and the continued emphasis on STEM education in the United States.
Since 1921, Society for Science & the Public has been a trusted voice for the sciences. We provide reliable, credible and thoughtful coverage of scientific advances through Science News' award-winning journalism.
We also remain committed to nurturing the most promising students — many from underserved communities — in the fields of science, technology, engineering and math. Our world-renowned science competitions have been a launching pad for talented students who are now advancing scientific knowledge. This respected group includes 14 Nobel Laureates, 20 MacArthur Fellows, numerous Lasker Award winners and many other noted researchers, inventors and entrepreneurs.
By making a tax-deductible gift today to Society for Science & the Public, you will ensure that this 95-year legacy continues to grow. In the years to come, Society for Science & the Public will continue to be a trusted voice for the latest scientific advances and a strong advocate for STEM education.
Your generosity today gives the Society the resources needed to ensure that science remains a priority. Your gift, made before December 31, will make all the difference in 2017.
Donate to the Society now at societyforscience.org/2016EOY.


text:
A mixed employment picture emerged across the country and in Alabama on Friday as states released their August unemployment figures.
A mixed employment picture emerged across the country and in Alabama on Friday as states released their August unemployment figures.
Alabama reported a slight rise in unemployment in August, while Tuscaloosa County showed a bigger decrease in its jobless rate.
Tuscaloosa County's unemployment rate was 6 percent, down from 6.5 percent in July. Alabama's unemployment rate was 6.3 percent, up from 6.2 percent in July.
Ahmad Ijaz, an economist with the Center for Business and Economic Research at the University of Alabama, said a survey of state households found about 14,000 jobs being lost in August, but a state survey of workplace establishments found about 3,400 jobs being added.
The combination of those results would be reflected in the rise seen in the state unemployment rate, he said.
Ijaz said a lot of people have dropped out of the labor market and are no longer counted as being employed or unemployed and looking for work.
The Alabama Department of Labor said 134,367 residents were considered unemployed in August, about 500 fewer than in July.
Tuscaloosa County is faring better than much of the state, Ijaz said. Its unemployment rate has not returned to its pre-recession level, but the county is adding jobs.
Nationally, unemployment rates rose in 18 states, fell in 17 and were unchanged in 15. Some 20 states reported losing jobs in July while 29 states reported job gains. Montana reported no change, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.
A report issued earlier this week by IHS Global Insight, a major provider of information, insight and analytics to businesses and industries worldwide, said only 18 states will have returned to their pre-recession peak employment by the end of the year.
Alabama is not among them. It will not return to its pre-recession peak employment until the fourth quarter of 2016, said IHS, which listed Alabama among the last six states that will recover.
It projected Maine and Ohio also as returning to their respective pre-recession peak of employment at the same time as Alabama. Three states — Michigan, Rhode Island and Nevada — will trail and won't see a return to peak employment until 2018 or beyond, IHS said.
Most of the Southeastern states will see a return to their peak employment in 2014 or 2015, it said.
Florida won't return to its pre-recession employment peak until 2016, but will do so a few months ahead of Alabama, IHS said.
Overall, the United States still has 1.9 million fewer jobs than before the recession, according to the U.S. Labor Department. Hiring has averaged just 155,000 people per month since April. That's down from an average of 205,000 in the first four months.
Material from The Associated Press was used in this story.


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Copyright © 1996-2019 American Musical Supply, Inc. All rights reserved. American Musical Supply reserves the right to correct pricing and/or product specifications in the event of typographical errors found in our print catalog or on our website. If a product is listed at an incorrect price due to such errors or because of inaccurate information received from a supplier, American Musical Supply shall have the right to refuse or cancel any orders placed, whether or not the order has been confirmed and your credit card charged. If your credit card has already been charged for the purchase and your order is canceled, American Musical Supply will issue a credit to your credit card account in the amount of the charge.


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Beginning on Saturday, Aeronaut Brewing Company is beginning a month long fundraiser to benefit the Science Festival Alliance.
Aeronaut has created limited-editin four packs of their IPA, A Year with Dr. Nandu, which will tell a four part story of inspired by NASA's Voyager space mission.
Along with the cans, Aeronaut will be selling custom T-shirts and postcards online to support the Science Festival Alliance. The money raised, Aernaut is hoping to raise at least $4,000, will be used to help fund science festivals in Pensacola, Florida; Bowling Green, Kentucky; Downey, California and Jackson, Mississippi.
"Science made Aeronaut possible and we will fight to make it accessible and a joyful experience for children and adults nationwide," said Aeronaut CEO Ben Holmes. "Together, with the Science Festival Alliance, we are investing in the tools that will empower people to cherish their world, live out their dreams and contribute to their home communities."
The limited edition cans will be available at Aeronaut's Somerville brewery for $16 a four pack. T-shirts are $20 and available online at www.aeronaughtbrewing.com/earthday. The campaign will run through May 22.


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The Marine Scout Sniper school is the most elite military sniper school on earth, and one of the toughest special operations courses in the U.S. Military.
Not only do the Army, Navy, and the Air Force send troops here, but foreign services like the Israelis and the British, often trade students for the opportunity to earn the Marine Sniper designation.
One of the profiled students in this Discovery video was actually attached to the unit I recently covered in Afghanistan. Not only did he supply the company with absurdly accurate intelligence on the enemy, but he also took a couple of them out when we needed it most.
Those are the two primary missions of Marine Scout Snipers: Recon and targeted strikes on enemy personnel and equipment. They can be more devastating on enemy forces than a plane full of bombs.


text:
LEICESTER — They may have to agree to disagree.
The Leicester and Salisbury selectboards held a joint special meeting on June 14 to address concerns of a handful of residents in both towns regarding the annual Vermont Sun Triathlon series. While race organizers said some minor changes may be made to appease the residents, it all comes down to coexistence.
The triathlons, which are run on four Sunday mornings each summer, include a swimming portion in Lake Dunmore, and biking and running legs on Route 53 and other nearby roads.


text:
22 June 2010
Half way there
Sister joked this morning when she saw me that I returned for another day of Vacation Bible School.
Here's our crew.
With it being so hot this week, I'm glad I'm not in a habit. One upside, this year they have special snacks for the teachers. I think it's meant as a bribe. No animal crackers for this gal.
7 comments:
- belinda said...
Miss Swiss, You would love me because I always bring fine quaility snacks and desserts to these kind of functions and I always share. But now I've created a monster and am called upon to make stuff often.
- June 23, 2010 at 5:09 PM
- swissmiss said...
Yesterday it was so hot and they had lemonade...I was so thankful for just a glass of lemonade!!!
My aunt has a similar problem to yours, she's a great cook and every time there is a funeral at her parish, she has to bring something, usually a dessert.
- June 24, 2010 at 5:41 AM
- belinda said...
It's true, everytime someone dies I have to come up with a cake. I don't mind though.
My son began to dig into one of the chocolate cakes I had sitting on the cabinet when I screamed,"Noooo, that cake is for a dead guy!" My son walked away crest fallen and a little grossed out.
- June 24, 2010 at 6:57 AM
Oh--and I thought this was a photo of your meeting of the women's argument of the month planning committee! :)
- June 25, 2010 at 6:51 PM
- Nan said...
I assumed special treats for the teachers would at least include a pitcher of martinis. For each of you.
- June 25, 2010 at 7:59 PM
Men are verboten...except speakers. Equal opportunity discrimation just like the men's group.
I almost brought in a "spirited" water bottle, but they stopped short of providing alcohol to us.
- June 26, 2010 at 12:37 PM
The last comment was mine, Swissy's, as anonymous...not logged in to this computer in the deep woods of WI.
- June 26, 2010 at 12:38 PM


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text:
Wencel and Loretta Hill Holub married on Oct. 21, 1952, at St. Mark's Catholic Church, Marion.
Their family is celebrating their 60th anniversary with a card shower. Well wishers may send cards to 516 N. Freeborn St., Marion, KS 66861.
They have one daughter, Diana Holub of Marion; three sons, James Holub of Spring, Texas, Kenneth Holub of Marion, and Wayne Holub of Abilene; six grandchildren; and one great-grandchild.
Wencel has worked as a farmer, welder, machinist, and oil-field worker. He still farms. Loretta has made a career as a housewife.


text:
Now that I have a new computer, I had to name it. That's something I'm doing for some time already. Here, a list of names and computers I already had:
- Mandos: No brand Pentium II
- Nienna: IBM ThinkPad 390E
- Vaire: No brand Athlon XP 2000
- Irmo: Dell Inspiron 9300
And the new computer:
- Este: MacBook Pro
Also, just to put some naming, some other electronic devices that got names:
- Pippin: iPaq something
- Pikachu: Palm T|X
- Pikachu (yes, again): Nokia N800
- Charmander: Nokia 6500


text:
This story appears in the June 25, 2012 issue of Forbes Magazine.
Ask Sebastian Thrun what makes him tick, and the inventor and Google Fellow offers up three favorite themes: big open problems, a desire to help people and "disrespect for authority." Thrun, 45, has been aiming high—and annoying the old guard—for nearly two decades. As a college student in Germany he dashed off to conferences to present major papers on machine learning without getting his professor's permission. Thrun made the cover of FORBES in 2006 with his talk of creating self-driving cars that could navigate traffic and follow directions without human guidance. As the founding head of Google's advanced-research X Lab, Thrun helped turn those robocars into reality. After 200,000 miles of road tests his vehicles are safe enough for Nevada to approve them on public roads. California may follow suit.
Thrun has found a fresh challenge that excites him even more: fixing higher education. Conventional university teaching is way too costly, inefficient and ineffective to survive for long, he contends. He wants to foment a teaching revolution in which the world's best instructors conduct highly interactive online classes that let them reach 100,000 students simultaneously and globally.'Don't Go To Law School,' 'Move To Asia,' And 28 Other Pearls Of Wisdom For 2012 Grads
Kashmir Hill Forbes Staff
Financiers at Charles River Ventures have already pumped $5 million into Thrun's online-ed startup, Udacity. "I like to back people who have disruptive personalities," explains CRV partner George Zachary. "They create disruptive solutions."
Udacity's earliest course offerings have been free, and although Thrun eventually plans to charge something, he wants his tuition schedule to be shockingly low. Getting a master's degree might cost just $100. After teaching his own artificial intelligence class at Stanford last year—and attracting 160,000 online signups—Thrun believes online formats can be far more effective than traditional classroom lectures. "So many people can be helped right now," Thrun declares. "I see this as a mission."
There's a startup boom in online higher education, but nearly all of the players hope to advance by working within the system. EdX is a joint venture of Harvard and MIT. Coursera has backing from Stanford, the University of Michigan and the University of Pennsylvania. 2Tor, which has raised $90 million in venture capital, runs online graduate programs in business and nursing for the likes of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Georgetown. Such startups see benefits in teaming up with universities to decide what should be taught online, how to teach it and how to handle delicate issues such as grading, course credits, diplomas and anticheating safeguards.
Such careful collegiality is not the Thrun way. "It's pretty obvious that degrees will go away," Thrun says. "The idea of a degree is that you spend a fixed time right after high school to educate yourself for the rest of your career. But careers change so much over a lifetime now that this model isn't valid anymore."
So Udacity is charting its own path as a career academy for brainy people of all ages. Udacity's offices are just a few hundred yards from Stanford, but they're a world away from the school's idyllic environs. Its open, barnlike work area has stained beige carpets, cheap desks and a Go board perched on a flimsy coffee table. Most of its 25 employees are video, graphics or software whizzes determined to make each second of online instruction as eye-catching and compelling as possible.
It currently offers 11 courses, for free, in subjects such as computer programming, statistics and mathematics, plus a robocar programmer's workshop with Thrun himself. It rustles up some instructors from the likes of Rutgers and the state universities of Virginia and Utah. Other teachers are experts from industry. Faculty pay runs between $5,000 and $10,000 per course. Many of Udacity's students are midcareer professionals who want to sharpen specific skills. Udacity later this year is expanding into the humanities. Thrun says the service will always have "a free path," but the idea is eventually to charge for certificates or enhanced features such as chat.
It was only last year that Thrun seemed like a fast-track scholar thriving within academia. In eight years he rose from a Ph.D. student at the University of Bonn to a tenured post in Stanford's computer science department (with a stint in between at Carnegie Mellon). "I was a popular professor," Thrun says. "My teaching ratings were usually good. I could take complicated subjects and explain them in an entertaining way."
Even so, professor Thrun privately knew something was wrong. In many of his classes students fared much worse on the midterm exams than he expected. He says he had fallen into the "lecturing trap," in which the instructor looks brilliant and a handful of top-performing students create the appearance of a lively class—but most students aren't keeping pace. Thrun needed a way to engage all students.
How Would You Like A Graduate Degree For $100? – Forbes
via forbes.com


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There was something about Edith's awful life that drew me to try to help
her. I gave her a homeopathic remedy which helps those who loathe their lives
and feel utter despair and hopelessness. When Edith called a month later, she
admitted , though reluctantly, that she was feeling considerably better about
herself and her life. She subsequently quit taking the remedy, said she did
not wish to continue with treatment even though I "actually treated her like a
human being". I have been told that Edith has rejected not only my help, but
that of a number of others who have tried to help her out of the deeply
depressing pit of her life.
A second patient, Roberta, age 30, came to me complaining of constant
bladder pain, painful vaginal burning, terrible ovarian cramping with her
periods, and genital herpes. She told me she felt sick all the time and never
felt refreshed after sleeping. She de-scribed herself as shy, withdrawn,
intoverted, fearful, anxious, and nervous. She re-ported fearing everything,
including life, death, crowds, the dark, and something bad happening. She would
suffer from panic attacks in groups of people where she would stiffen, feel
faint, breathe shallowly, be unable to talk, and feel like she was emotionally
"breaking into a million pieces". She was raised in an authoritarian household
where she had to sit quietly with her arms folded. She never said anything,
behaved sweetly in order to please her parents and everyone else, and became
extremely fearful, withdrawn, and avoided risks at all costs. She described
herself as being in a state of permanent "major" depression since the 6th
grade, which had left her debilitated. During counseling, I asked her to
connect with her frightened child part which said she felt smaller than
everyone else, considered all people scary, and would prefer that Roberta live
alone in the country on a farm with lots of animals where she could be safe.


text:
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – Babson College exploded with four second-half goals, including two during the first seven minutes, en route to a 5-1 victory over MIT in a NEWMAC men's soccer game on Saturday afternoon. Eric Anderson recorded two goals and an assist as the Beavers improved to 9-2-1 on the year and 3-0-0 in the NEWMAC. Freshman Nick Diamantoni (Belle Mead, N.J.) registered the Engineers' lone mark as their ledger lowered to 5-6-0 overall and 0-3-0 in league play.
MIT opened the scoring in the 13th minute when senior Zach Kabelac (Potomac, Md.) acquired the ball just past midfield and fed it to junior Ben Lewis (West Hartford, Conn.). He returned it to Kabelac who chipped it forward to a sprinting Diamantoni. Standing yards away from the goal, a Babson defender and goalie Peter Crowley swarmed him but he managed to send a shot into the open net. Four minutes later, Eric Anderson tallied the equalizer on a penalty kick after Ayo Iwuagwu was taken down in the box. Despite five corner kicks for the Engineers and a strike by Iwuagwu that rolled across the goalmouth and hit the near post, the game would remain deadlocked through the intermission.
The Beavers wasted little time scoring what proved to be the game-winning goal, using almost four minutes to take a 2-1 lead. From the near side, Iwuagwu took a low shot that was deflected by diving MIT senior goalie Dylan Rankin (Providence, R.I.); however Mike Fisher sent the carom to the far post. Babson struck again in the 53rd minute when Iwuagwu took a pass from Anderson on the far side and lobbed it into the box where it was redirected by Jimmy Stento.
The visitors tacked on goals 65th and 67th minutes to wrap up the scoring. Shawn Citro converted feeds from Stento and Thomas Elbling for his first intercollegiate marker while Anderson booted in a deflection of Kevin Israel's initial shot. The Engineers' best opportunities to cut their deficit came late in regulation. Kabelac sent a long bouncing strike that ended up right at Crowley. Moments later Diamantoni kicked a rolling shot from the far side that rolled just wide past an outstretched Crowley.
Rankin totaled three saves in 67 minutes of action while freshman Samuel Cannon (Scarsdale, N.Y.) closed the game with one stop. Crowley made three saves in 81 minutes as Jackson Klein turned away two shots down the stretch.
MIT returns to action on Saturday, Oct. 15 against NEWMAC foe U.S. Coast Guard Academy while Babson continues its road trip tomorrow at Bowdoin College.


text:
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text:
|"be consistent"
Re^2: Secret Perl Operators: the boolean list squash operator, x!!by Aristotle (Chancellor)
|on Jul 19, 2008 at 09:54 UTC ( #698788=note: print w/replies, xml )
|Need Help??
I find that a lot harder to read. It decouples the logic from the individual parts of the list so it only works at all for lists where nearly every part is conditional, like the example I gave. If you want to conditionally include only one thing in a much larger unconditional list it really breaks down. Contrast:
Maybe you find the second one easier to read than the first, but I don't. It gets a little clearer with each element on its own line (in particular, the $somecond gets completely lost in the noise if you put several elements on each line), but then you've gone from a single line to 10.
Your proposed solution is worth considering, but is useful only in limited circumstances. I was trying to find an option that would work in a wide range of cases.
I have to note that my proposed composite operator ()x!! is not that option, either: it doesn't shortcircuit (nor do any of the clever alternatives given, yours included), and that has killed it in every case I might have used it since writing this node. I might find the syntactical requirements of the ternary onerous, but another option – not even a better one, but any option at all – has yet to show up. Sigh.
Makeshifts last the longest.
In Section Meditations


text:
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text:
Tulip earrings black
Black stainless steel tulip ear studs with a white crystal.
- Material: Surgical stainless steel
- Quality: 316L
- Finish: IP / PVD black plated
- Length of pins: 9mm
- Dimensions: 7 x 11 mm
- Weight: 1.40 grams
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Rising discount at jewelry! Even if you order different jewelry, the discount will rise.
The discount will automatically be deducted at the settlement.
Number/sets 2 4 6
Total discount 5% 10% 15%
What are the benefits of stainless steel jewelry.
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. The alloy used for jewelry is the 316L quality. This is also called surgical steel. The major advantage of this material is that it is hypoallergenic. It does not stain, does not give off on your skin and therefore does not cause an allergic reaction. In addition, it is stronger than silver, it shines more and scratches less quickly.
Can stainless steel oxidize?
However, it is not that stainless steel can not oxidize. This happens when it comes into contact with chlorine or steel. So remove your stainless steel jewelry when you go swimming. Wait 30 minutes after putting anti sunburn cream on your skin before wearing stainless steel jewelry. And keep in mind that perfume can also affect the color of your stainless steel jewelry. Keeping this in mind you will enjoy wearing your stainless steel jewelry for a long time.
- Subject
- Flowers/trees
- Main color
- Black
- Variety
- Earstud
- Material
- Christal
Stainless Steel