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Virginia is producing at last a literature both indigenous to its soil and imbuied with a realism that may be said to capture the major portion of the truth about its people and its civilization. This contemporary flowering has saved the State from cults of extremists that had their day before the clatter of Virginia typewriters was heard throughout theland.
Late in the nineteenth century Virginians seriously took up writing as a profession. In the early Colonial period the struggle for existence precluded authorship as a conscious art and brought forth a pragmatic literature that described the new country for a curious English people, chronicled the daily life of the colonists, catalogued laws, and finally evolved into formal history. In the late Colonial days emphasis was placed on statesmanship and forensics to the exclusion of imaginative writing. Following the establishment of the republic, to which the Virginia intelligentsia. gave its best thought, the sectional strife of the Fiery Epoch produced statesmen and orators rather than creative writers. When slavery flourished, wealth was confined to a few large planters, on the whole uninterested in professions; and the masses of tenants and small landowners were too busy digging a living out of the soil to cultivate the arts.
The War between the States left Virginians in dire poverty. 'Literature on a large scale,' says Dr.Alphonso Smith, 'implies authorship as a profession, and authorship as a profession has never flowered among a poor people . . . Literary productiveness, in other words, is vitally related to industrial productiveness, both being correlative manifestations of the creative spirit.'
The birth year of the new industrialism in the South, 1875, was also the birth year of a new Southern literature. It was then that Lanier attained National fame. Immediately thereafter other writers (Virginians among them) loomed upon the horizon, where before only the lonely figures of Poe, Timrod, Hayne, Simms, and Father Ryan had been silhouetted. The Reconstruction literature of Virginia, however, which endured well into the twentieth century, was characterized by a nostalgia for the past and a romantic idealism that evaded facts. However, many voices are at last being lifted against those artificial traditions that were memorialized by Virginians who wrote during the four decades after the War between the States.
The chroniclers of pioneer experiences wrote with spicy frankness. George Percy, who was governor of Virginia from 1609 to 1610, and Ralph Hamor, secretary of the colony, who arrived in 1609, took chronological lead with their 'true discourses,' 'true relations,' and 'observations' concerning Virginia and Virginians. Captain John Smith spun yarns that are still merry reading whether they deal with New England, the Summer Isles, or the story of Virginia. Two writers of this early period wandered along the pleasant bypaths of poetry and metrical translation. Richard Rich invites passing notice as the first of Virginia's versifiers. In 1610 he wrote A Ballad of Virginia, describing his voyage from England and his experiences in the new colony. A much more notable poet was the Oxford-bred George Sandys, who was treasurer of the colony for seven years and completed at Jamestown his metrical translation of Ovid's Metamorphoses (1626).
Then for 50 years there were neither chroniclers nor romancers. The drama of Bacon's Rebellion, however, inspired the anonymous Burwell Papers, which recounted the abortive effort of the people to overthrow entrenched autocracy, and eulogized the young rebel leaders. The chronicles of William Byrd II, appearing after 1741, when Virginia was about to settle down to an era of tobacco prosperity, are written in amusing and expansive vein. 'A journey to the Land of Eden' (in Westover Manuscripts), which describes the pilgrimage of commissioners sent to fix the State's southern boundary, not only makes the early eighteenth century live again but still causes Virginians to chuckle over the strange ways of North Carolinians. Byrd's account of the Dismal Swamp area, of the beginnings of the iron industry, and of manners and morals in general has become increasingly valuable with the passing years. Hugh Jones, a clergyman and lawyer, rounded out the social and economic picture with the publication in 1724 of The Present State of Virginia, though his book is rather more for study than for entertainment. But perhaps the most delightful bits of writing that have emerged from the Colonial period are the diaries of Philip Vickers Fithian, tutor at Nomini Hall, who dealt with the goings on of belles and beaux, family dinners and neighborhood parties, work and games, foods and clothes, flirtations and stolen kisses.
The writing of formal history was initiated by Robert Beverley, whose History of the Present State of Virginia was published in London in 1705 and subsequently translated into French. Soon thereafter William Stith, using the notes he inherited from Sir John Randolph, compiled The History of Virginia from the First Settlement to the Dissolution of the London Company, which was published in 1747. As authoritative source for students of the early Colonial era, Stith's history is second only to the far different and more comprehensive work of W.W.Hening, which accurately records the statutes of Virginia from 1619 to 1792.
The era preceding and immediately following the Revolution is marked by a literature forceful, lucid, and as definitely creative as fiction, drama, or poetry. The Virginia prose of that period not only brought forth a Nation but stands today among the permanent models of expository writing. In a Letter to the Clergy on the Two-Penny Act (1760), Richard Bland enunciated the principles actuating those colonists who had wearied of supporting the privileged few; and his pamphlet entitled An Inquiry into the Rights of the British Colonies (1766), declaring Virginia no part of the Kingdom of England and united with the Mother Country only by the Crown, was amazingly prophetic of a philosophy much later to be translated into statute. The Leedstown Resolutions, which were written by Richard Henry Lee and adopted by 115 patriots in 1766 and which set forth the doctrine later incorporated into the Declaration of Independence; the speeches of Patrick Henry and of George Washington; James Madison's notes and contributions to the Federalist Papers; many speeches and pamphlets by other authors; and everything penned by Thomas Jefferson rank in clarity, force, and purity of English among the literary monuments of America.
In Revolutionary Virginia the leading contributors to belles lettres as distinct from political treatises were lawyers, physicians, and clergymen. The same breadth of culture that had emanated from the pulpit oratory of Samuel Davies characterized the preaching of the blind James Waddell. The political satires of St.George Tucker are less noteworthy than two of his lyrical compositions, 'Resignation' and 'Days of My Youth,' which, despite defects of style, have found places in most American anthologies. Dr.James McClurg, the delegate from Virginia to the Federal Constitutional Convention of 1787, who outHamiltoned Hamilton in his advocacy of monarchical forms for America, found escape from medicine and forensics in a pleasing bit of society verse, 'The Belles of Williamsburg,' a tribute to the pretty girls of the Colonial capital; and much fugitive verse, some of no mean quality, appeared in issues of the Virginia Gazette. Literature sustained a loss in 18o8 when John Daly Burk, a gallant young Irishman, was killed in a duel ten years after his coming to Virginia. His tragedies, Bunker Hill (1797) and Bethlem Gabor (1807), contain interesting local allusions, and his History of Virginia (1804) is of lasting value.
Deliberate biography of National heroes as an art unknown in England until Izaak Walton published his Life of Donne in 1640, and practiced little for many years there after it was introduced into American letters by a Virginian who chose a Virginian as his subject. Mason Locke Weems, better known as 'Parson' Weems, published in 18oo his highly imaginative Life of Washington, which put the cherry tree and dollarthrowing myths into permanent circulation and a set fashion in anecdotal writing that has endured even to this day. The quixotic parson followed his first success with biographies of Francis Marion, Benjamin Franklin, and William Penn, all so entertaining as to make their historical inaccuracies somewhat pardonable. The five volume study of Washington published between 1804 and 1807 by John Marshall, Chief justice of the United States Supreme Court and author of epoch-making decisions, is a scholarly work vastly different from Weems's fairy tale. But William Wirt, highly successful in his Letters of a British Spy (1803) and in a series of essays published as The Old Bachelor (1810-13) made a dismal contribution to biography in his Sketches of the Life and Character of Patrick Henry (1817).
Though other Virginians wrote during the first half of the nineteenth century, only one deserves more than passing comment. Anne Royall, who spent 15 years of her childhood as a captive of the Indians, first recounted her experiences among the red men and then wrote readable travel books. Letters to a Young Relative by John Randolph, the poems of William Munford, Swallow Barn (1832), a novel of the Tidewater, and Memoirs of the Life of William Wirt (1849) by John Pendleton Kennedy of Maryland are not altogether forgotten. Yet no writer foreshadowed Virginia's greatest literary genius, Edgar Allan Poe.
'I am a Virginian,' Poe declared on one occasion to a friend. 'At least I call myself one.'Born in Boston, he was adopted less than three years later by the Allans of Richmond and educated in Richmond, in England, at the University of Virginia, and briefly at West Point. Though his earliest poems were published in the North and though he set out upon his career as man of letters in Baltimore, Poe achieved recognition through the Southern Literary Messenger, which published his first short stories and of which he became editor in 1835.
As poet, essayist, and creator of the modern short story, Poe holds in American literature a preeminence accentuated by the passing years. Discerning a new esthetic, he was among the first to catch in both prose and poetry the dark spirit of individuality that fascinated Baudelaire, through whose translations Poe became one of the chief progenitors of the Symbolist Movement and took his place as a real force in the development of Western literature. There is a close relationship between Poe's genius and the atmosphere of Virginia, with its 'mists and mellow fruitfulness,' its classical background, and its drowsing mansions.
One of Poe's contemporaries who escaped oblivion through a recent reprinting of his remarkably prophetic book, The Partisan Leader, secretly published in Washington in 1836 and subsequently suppressed, was judge N.Beverley Tucker, author also of a novel, George Balcombe (1836). Philip Pendleton Cooke, a contributor to the Southern Literary Messenger from Martinsburg (now in West Virginia), wrote at 17 'The Song of the Sioux Lover,' but his best known poem is the memorial lyric, 'Florence Vane,' which has been translated into several languages. John Reuben Thompson, who succeeded Poe as editor of the Messenger, later composed stirring war lyrics that have found places in anthologies. George Bagby, whose editorship of the Messenger assumed in 1860 was interrupted by his service in the Confederate army and ended by the death of the magazine in 1864, was a popular essayist and humorist.
From the death of Poe to the War between the States, though Virginia produced no other genius of the first rank, the years were not barren of all literary production. Into this period falls the work of Bishop William Meade, whose Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia, published in 1857, is the authoritative source of early parish history in Virginia. General Winfield Scott wrote clearly of infantry tactics and army regulations; and Sarah Barclay Johnson illustrated The City of the Great King by her father, James Turner Barclay published in 1857 and the next year brought out her own book, The Hadji of Syria. Disguised as a Mohammedan woman, she entered the tomb of David and sketched the first picture of it ever made published.
The spirit that characterized Virginia at the close of the war is revealed in such books as Women: or Chronicles of the Late War (1871) by Mary Tucker Magill; The End of an Era (1902) and The Lion's Skin (1905) by John Sergeant Wise; The Birth of the Nation (1907) by Sarah Agnes Pryor; the excellent dialect stories of La Salle Corbell Pickett, whose husband
General George Edward Pickett was made famous by his gallant charge at Gettysburg; Diary of a Southern Refugee during the War (1867) by Judith Brockenbrough McGuire; and A Girl of Virginia (1902) by Lucy Meecham. Thruston. Mrs.S.A.Weiss, however, who began writing prose as a war prisoner at Fort McHenry, sought escape through such books as The Crime of Abigail Tempest and The Last Days of Poe, and through the writing of poetry. Her books had a wide circulation in England and were translated into both French and German.
In the poetry of the immediate postwar period, John Reuben Thompson was perhaps the most studied artist; but Father Abram Joseph Ryan, laureate of the South, was the most beloved poet. Under the pen name Moina, he wrote ringing war lyrics that were recited by all literate Southerners. The moods induced by the war are vividly expressed also in the devotional verse of Margaret junkin Preston, the clarion battle songs of James Barron Hope, and the sharply pointed lines of Father John Banister Tabb. A place among the poets should be given also to Christopher P. Cranch, who published in 1875 what is probably the best American translation of Virgil's A eneid.
But the war's aftermath distorted the creative spirit in curious ways. Writers, glorifying the days that were no more, sought to crystallize in memory a past that had never existed as they portrayed it. Possessing no iconoclasm and much conservatism, Southern literature was for 30 years an inaccurate picture of the times it professed to reproduce, but it was pleasingly written and provided a narcotic that the South welcomed. The singing optimism of Thomas Nelson Page offered an escape from depressing realities. Page's first published work appeared in Scribner's Monthly in 1877, but his recognition as a writer dates from the publication of Marse Chan ten years later. His novels, following in quick succession, are still among the sentimental classics of the South. In another kind of reaction Thomas Dixon of North Carolina, who lived for a time in Virginia, wrote novels of Southern life, The Leopard's Spots (1902) and The Clansman (1905), as special pleas for hatred. Later The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (1908) and other fiction of John Fox, Jr., beatified the mountain whites with unlikely virtues and started the spurious lore of the 'hill billy,' which is now being amplified by radio.
Neither Virginia nor the South can be held wholly accountable for this trend. When Frances Hodgson Burnett wrote Little Lord Fauntleroy (1886), inspired, it is said, by the little son of a friend with whom she was staying in Norfolk, the book was devoured by sentimental readers throughout the Englishspeaking world. Two continents shed tears during this era over 'Sweet Alice, Ben Bolt, 'which Thomas Dunn English wrote while visiting a friend in Tazewell County, Virginia. The immense success in Victorian England of Du Maurier's Trilby (1894) absolves Virginia from full responsibility for the sentimentalism of an era that cherished Thomas Nelson Page's Two Little Confederates (1888) and the self-effacing Southern mammy of fiction.
Marion Harland responded to the same influence. Born Virginia Hawes, in Amelia County, she married Edward Payson Terhune, a Presbyterian minister, and is the mother of Albert Payson Terhune and Virginia Terhune Van de Water. Her novels were immensely successful, though she won wider renown as the author of a cookbook and as a writer on domestic economy.
The twentieth century was well on its way when the new Southern literature came into being. In the forefront of the novelists it has produced stand three Virginians: Mary Johnston, Ellen Glasgow, and James Branch Cabell; and Virginia may claim also Willa Cather, who was born in Winchester.
Mary Johnston wrote through one era and into another. Beginning as a romanticist, she evolved into realism and finally into mysticism. Even in her earliest historical novels, however, where she was at her romantic best, Miss Johnston's genius for truthful detail is apparent. From the landing of the women in 16 20 through the stirring I 86o's, her story of Virginia is written with keen feeling for dramatic values and historic verity. Though she made no effort to debunk, she has not surrounded her heroes with traditional glamour. Her Stonewall Jackson in The Long Roll (1911), the mad general threatened with the mutiny of his soldiers, was disturbing to the hero-worshipers who demanded that greatness and perfection be considered synonymous. Yet students have been unable to prove that the portrayal was not in accord with the records. In Hagar (1913) Miss Johnston brought her chronicle up to the present day and then set out with the mystics to discover the fourth dimension, writing such books as Michael Forth and The Exile. Sympathetically and yet unsparingly, she treated of a way of life that had to give place to modernity. While arguing in behalf of social reform, she gave with remarkable fairness the case of both plaintiff and defendant, and truthfully presented Virginia caught in transition.
The novelist who presents the most nearly complete picture of the South is undoubtedly Ellen Glasgow. In order that her literary achievement may be correctly evaluated, Miss Glasgow's work must be viewed in its entirety. Among the 20 books she has written in 41 years, there are no failures. At the beginning of her career, the local color novel had not yet run its course in America. It had, according to Carl Van Doren, invented few memorable plots, devised no new styles, added few notable characters to fiction, but had contented itself with the creation of types and puppets. Sentimentality was its dominant characteristic. Therefore, when she began writing of the Virginia she knew so well, Miss Glasgow must have consciously resisted the sentimentalism of her contemporaries. Her strongly ironical vein probably saved her. Sometimes laughing at Virginia, loving it but knowing it, she has given to the world a realism touched with whatever there is of romance that rings true. With the pen of a realist, this novelist of changing manners has dared to fight sentimentality and has defied a public she knew to be demanding what she has called 'an evasive idealism, a sham optimism, and a sugary philosophy.'
Miss Glasgow is the most significant novelist writing of the South today, because her canvas is the broadest. In depicting the reconstructed South, she deals not only with the aristocracy that gave her birth, but with the common people whom she has learned to understand so well. The best known of her books are perhaps Barren Ground (1925), The Romantic Comedians (1926), and They Stooped to Folly (1929).
James Branch Cabell belongs also to the literature of protest against Philistia. Having fled to Poictesme, Cabell sends his iconoclastic shafts against spiritual conservatism and by means of a new romance pierces the old with the cool steel of his inimitable irony. The South furnished the background for his emergence into a realm of his own making. Lichfield or Richmond offers too narrow an horizon for the sort of genius that is Cabell's. In Poictesme there is freedom for the mind that would wander unfettered by the limitations actuality imposes. Here Cabell, the imaginative genius, is able to reveal truth higher than that to be found in realism. Here it is that Manuel, the Redeemer, can study 'the secret of preserving that dissatisfaction which is divine where all else falls away with age into the acquiescence of beasts'; and here Jurgen, the pawnbroker, can wage his halfhearted, though ineffectual, fight to escape the rule of Koschei, the deathless.
With the perspective Poictesme provides, Cabell ridicules the sentimentality, the orthodoxy, and the unreality of the Philistia in which his predecessorsand, alas, many of his contemporaries dwell in inane but scarcely blissful ignorance. Since his mixture of symbolism and factual writing sometimes baffles the constituency rightfully his, it is no wonder that the literal-minded ones are left either perplexed or aghast. Yet in the literature of disillusionment James Branch Cabell holds high rank. In 1929 at the age Of 50 he completed the 20 books he chose to call his 'biography,' dropped James from his name, and as Branch Cabell started upon a new literary career.
Among Virginia-born novelists, however, Willa Cather is perhaps best assured of lasting favor. Though she does not use Virginia scenes, her matured and careful art reflects the State in its sense of background and its leisured grace of style. Something similar may be said of the Far-Eastern novels of Pearl Buck, who is a Virginian by descent and a graduate of Randolph-Macon Woman's College. For many years the stories, essays, and novels of Margaret Prescott Montague, who spends her winters in Richmond, have delighted literary esthetes. Closed Doors; Studies of Deaf and Blind Children, published in 1915; and the articles that were appearing at that time in the Atlantic Monthly assured Miss Montague of an important place in literature. Henry Sydnor Harrison presented in Queed (1911), V.V.'s Eyes (1913), and Angela's Business (1915) a truthful picture of life in the South, though his method was somewhat reminiscent of the Victorians. His Angela, seated behind the steering wheel of her little Fordette, constantly about her business of pursuing men, was drawn with a scathing irony of which Southern men had formerly not been guilty. Am6lie Rives, in private life the Princess Troubetzkoy, published her first book in 1888 and has subsequently written drama, fiction, and poetry of high literary quality.
Other Virginia novelists of the twentieth century whose work has brought farflung recognition are Kate Langley Bosher, author of Mary Cary and other best sellers; Sally Nelson Robins, whose books were founded upon experiences shared by many of her neighbors in Virginia; Helena Lefroy Caperton, whose versatile pen has recreated the Richmond of other days and sketched humorously the present-day Richmond she knows so well; Emma Speed Sampson, whose 'Miss Minerva' books are quoted by old and young; Roy Flannagan, whose realistic typewriter is hammering out tales of a South that romanticists have striven to hide; and Clifford Dowdy, whose war story Bugles Blow No More achieved immediate popularity.
Blair Niles, author of Black Haiti (1926) and Condemned to Devil's Island (1928), is a Virginian. Sherwood Anderson bought two newspapers in Marion, Virginia, lived there awhile, and still gives Marion as his permanent address. Frances Parkinson Keyes, novelist and associate editor of Good Housekeeping, was born in Charlottesville. Agnes Rothery (Mrs. Harry Rogers Pratt) has achieved recognition in America and abroad as the author of travel books. Her New Roads in Old Virginia appeared in 1929 and has been followed by authoritative books on foreign countries. Virginius Dabney, editor of the Richmond Times-Dispatch, has written with detached eloquence of Liberalism in the South (1932).
In biography and history Virginians have done the scholarly work that was to be expected from their tradition. Especially distinguished are the names of Alexander Brown, author of The Genesis of the United States (18go) and The First Republic in America (1898); Philip A. Bruce, author of Economic History of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century (1895), Social Life of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century (1907), and Institutional History of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century (1890); Lyon Gardiner Tyler, former president of the College of William and Mary, who wrote The Cradle of the Republic (1900) and many other historical books, and founded the William and Mary Quarterly; William G. Stanard, editor of the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, and Mary Newton Stanard, who wrote The Story of Virginia's First Century (1928) and furnished the first accurate account of Bacon's Rebellion and its real significance; E.G.Swem, editor of the William and Mary Quarterly and compiler of Swem's Index; William Henry Squires, author of many historical works dealing with Virginia; Thomas Jefferson Wertenbaker, who stands at the forefront of contemporary American historians; William E. Dodd, former ambassador to Germany, historian, and author of biographies of Jefferson Davis, Woodrow Wilson, and Nathaniel Macon; James Southall Wilson, editor of The Virginia Quarterly Review (1925) and of several authoritative works on Edgar Allan Poe; Carter G. Woodson and Luther P. Jackson, Negro historians and scholars; Eudora Ramsay Richardson, author of Little A leck; A Life of Alexander H. Stephens (1932), The Influence of MenIncurable (1936), The Woman Speaker (1936), and short stories and essays; Hamilton James Eckenrode, author of biographies of Jefferson Davis, Nathan Bedford Forrest, Rutherford B. Hayes, and James Longstreet, and of a novel, Bottom Rail on Top (1935), conceived in the modern vein of candor; and William Cabell Bruce, whose biography of Benjamin Franklin won the Pulitzer award in 1918.
Foremost among Virginia biographers is Douglas Southall Freeman, whose monumental R.E.Lee won the Pulitzer award in 1935. Dr.Freeman's great book is more than a biography; it is a military history of the War between the States.
The turn of the century brought popular recognition to the Virginia poets James Lindsay Gordon, W.Gordon McCabe, Charles W. Coleman, B.B.Valentine, and Henry Aylett Sampson. In modern verse Edwin Quarles, Carlton Drewry, Virginia Moore, Aline Kilmer, Virginia McCormick, Josephine Johnson, Emma Gray Trigg, Francis Mason, Anne Spencer, Nancy Byrd Turner, Leigh Hanes, John Richard Moreland, Julia Johnson Davis, Marion Sartorious Ott, Marjory Howell, Mary Willis Shelburne, Virginia Stait, Elkanah East Taylor, and Florence Dickinson Stearnes have done interesting work. Lawrence Lee, Virginia Tunstall, Caroline Giltinan, and Henry E. Baker are adopted Virginians. George Dillon, winner in 193 2 of the Pulitzer Prize for poetry, claims Richmond as his home, though he is now editor of Poetry, published in Chicago. Some of the best current verse in Virginia appears in The Lyric, Lyric Virginia Today, an anthology edited by the gifted lyricist, Mary Sinton Leitch, and in the Virginia Quarterly Review. The Lyric was founded in 1920 by the distinguished poet, John Richard Moreland. During his editorship and that of his successor, Virginia McCormick, the magazine was published in Norfolk. Now, however, it emanates from Roanoke, the home of Leigh Hanes, the present editor. John Moreland is the author of many books of verse and appears in many important anthologies. Leigh Hanes, whose collected work is published in two volumes, is best known for his 'Song of the New Hercules.'
The Reviewer, a little monthly magazine, appeared in Richmond in 1921 and during the four years of its existence promised to rival the prestige of the Southern Literary Messenger. Its founder and editor, Emily Clark, has written in Innocence Abroad (1931) a vivid account of the writers connected with the publication. The Reviewer published the first work of Julia Peterkin, Frances Newman, and Gerald Johnson; the first prose of DuBose Heyward; and some of Paul Green's earliest writings. James Branch Cabell edited the monthly for three issues, and its brief but brilliant course was an eloquent reply to H.L.Mencken's designation of the South as the 'Sahara of the Bozart.' The Southern Literary Messenger was reborn in 1939 under the editorship of F. Meredith Dietz.
In time not too far distant Virginia may unite the channels that have hitherto separated the literary trends of North and South. The birthplace of the Nation is as probable a place of origin as any other for a National literature that will combine romance, the social graces, and a coherent culture with dramatic vitality and spiritual vision.


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- It's a great stepping stone in public speaking: If you're not ready for the keynote yourself, introducing the main speaker offers an easy way to get experience as a speaker.
- You have the business end of the talk: From how to pronounce the speaker's name to what we should really know about her, some of the most vital facts to be conveyed are the most basic--and they are on your to-do list as the introducer. If you make sure we get them straight, the talk's already off to a good start.
- You can frame how we view the speech: If you choose to do so, your introduction can shape how we think about not just the speaker, but the significance of her words. Think of yourself as the Chief Context Setter, and you'll have the right idea. Does this come at an important time? Is there something we'll want to do immediately following this presentation? Can you help us see beyond her bio?
- You can say things the speaker can't: Has the speaker come under attack for what she's about to tell us? Has she gone unsung for her philanthropy or was she just hired by the most powerful firm in town? It's easier for the introducer to tell us those things than for the speaker to do so.
- You'll have the audience's attention at its peak: Speakers know that the audience's attention is as high as it will ever be at the very start--that's why speakers need a strong, fast start to hang on to that attention. But you, introducer, have the floor and the peak-level attention first.
- It's short: The longer the talk, the more that can go wrong, and the more experience you need to pull it off. Introductions, on the other hand, need to be short, and that's sweet. What's not to like about that?
- You can surprise the audience: Audiences have grown used to, and tired of, the standard "I'm just going to read the bio" introductions. You can take advantage of their low expectations and spice up the task of introducing the speaker, so that no one will be looking at her smartphone until you're done.
- You can become the speaker's favorite person: Speakers yearn for a great introduction. Ideally, it warms up the audience better than any joke or cartoon, gets people to focus, and shares the best there is to know about her. If you pull off a great intro, you'll have that speaker's undying gratitude.
- The organizers will love you: They got the people here, but now someone needs to remind the audience why that was a worthwhile effort. A good, strong introduction can raise the audience's anticipation level, and make it feel from the start as if this is going to be a great speech. That's priceless at the box office and the back office.
- You can get the tweeting started: Don't forget that second audience outside the room and on Twitter. Live-tweeters in the audience use introduction time to set up what will follow. If you share little-known facts about the speaker or thoughts especially pertinent to today's talk when you do your introduction, you'll feature in the Twitterstream more prominently. And please: Don't forget the hashtag!
Inspiration, ideas and information to help women build public speaking content, confidence and credibility. Denise Graveline is a Washington, DC-based speaker coach who has coached nearly 200 TEDMED and TEDx speakers--including one of 2016's most popular TED talks. She also has prepared speakers for presentations, testimony, and keynotes. She offers 1:1 coaching and group workshops in public speaking, presentation and media interview skills to both men and women.
Wednesday, September 5, 2012
10 secret advantages of the person who introduces the speaker
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Every now and then, you talk to players on a team and get a real sense for how they will perform.
Not that I am anywhere near always right in my read, but as in poker, I trust my reads. I had an excellent read on the Texans this week.
This is a team that for whatever reason, felt completely confident in what they were facing against the Titans.
It is one of the more interesting things I get to see as a sports writer: a confident, talented team talking like a confident, talented team.
Those are easy calls. Quite often I hear a not-so-confident team talking like a confident team or a not-so-talented team talking like a talented team. That's just talk.
But when a team really gets it, and believes in itself, good performances result.
The best coaches have figured out ways of getting that most of the time. That is why they make the big bucks.
The Texans had that feel about them this week. It was a good week.
"We knew going into this game that we matched up well with them," Glover Quin said. "We knew if we played our game, kept the big plays out of the running game that we could stop them. We did that."
Brian Cushing is playing like the star linebacker many of us projected he would be coming out of college. A lot like the stud he was as a rookie.
Say what you want, go ahead and espouse your crazy theories (he brought it on himself), but I will go with two reasons for his playing better this season:
1. He is healthy. Cushing played on a badly injured knee last year. He says it has been bothering him for years, but obviously it was at its worst last season. After offseason knee surgery, Cushing is Cushing again. Man, is he fun to watch.
2. Wade Phillips has turned Cushing loose in the Texans' system. Phillips has found ways to get Cushing more involved. Quite often last year he would be away from the action and was out of plays simply because they went the other way. You almost can't run away from him now, and he is blitzing a lot more playing inside in the Texans 3-4 than he did last year when he spent too much time in one-on-one coverage.
I don't know what the heck is wrong with Chris Johnson, but he certainly isn't running the ball like he did in his first three years in the league.
One of the most exciting players in the league looks ordinary. He had 18 yards on 10 carries. That's disappointing.
I love watching that guy run.
Can Kareem Jackson get a high-five for his play today? He got tagged for a pass interference penalty on the Titans' third play from scrimmage, but other than that he was very good.
Also, Lawrence Vickers, criticized heavily after dropping a possible TD against the Raiders, lit some folks up in what had to be his best game of the season.
I'll have to go back and watch the replay, but there were a couple of plays where I saw him mistreating a defender more than five yards downfield. The boy can block.
And if you want to hear somebody who almost always says the right thing, listen to Vickers, who has a classic old-school Fifth Ward work ethic. If you don't understand that, you don't know Houston.
"I had some good plays, but I already know there were some I didn't do what I wanted to do, and I'm already thinking about getting those right," he said. "I'm after perfection.
"The coaches don't know what I can do, but it is up to me to show them. They can't go off what I did in the past. They weren't there. They should be concerned with what I do here, and that's why I have to keep getting better, make sure my timing is just right so that I do everything I can to make sure our offense clicks."
There was a loud roar from the Texans' locker room when Tim Tebow led Denver to the game-tying touchdown against the Dolphins.
While Gary Kubiak was doing his postgame news conference, many in the media room were watching the television to keep up with the last minute of the Broncos-Dolphins game.
It was so weird, that Kubiak even asked, "What are you guys looking at, and not paying attention to me?"
I think I laughed out loud, but I didn't mean to.
By the time we got into the locker room, players were having a fun Tebow debate.
Antoine Caldwell was saying, 'It's Tebow Time! It's Tebow Time!"
Arian Foster, pretending to be irritated, told him to quit saying that.
Caldwell said he was just repeating what the announcers were saying.
When the Broncos stopped Miami on a crucial third-and-1, Caldwell laughed and said "See, That's Tebow Time, right there. Inspiring the defense to stop that third down."
Half the locker room cracked up.


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Shri Radhe Maa, also called Mamtamai Shri Radhe Guru Maa and Guru Maa by her devotees, is a Hindu spiritual teacher and guru from India. Shri Radhe Maa emphasises the need for surrender to God, humility, truthfulness, self-discipline and self-restrain. Radhe Maa urges devotees to engage with society through initiatives like donation of blood, clothes, food, books and medicines to orphanages, old age homes and sadhus
Wednesday, February 8, 2017
ॐ श्री साईंनाथाय नमः।
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Natural Language Processing with Python Book Review
Python is well known among programmers and system administrators alike to possess powerful libraries ranging from web frameworks and image processing to automated workflows and gaming. A lesser known yet extremely powerful Python library is the Natural Language Toolkit. Natural Language Processing with Python demonstrates how to leverage this toolkit to create sophisticated NLP applications. Read on for my review.
Ever since I programmed my first interactive application in BASIC on a TRS-80 nearly 25 years ago, I dreamed of fluid, natural conversations with computers, ala various science fiction stories like Arthur C Clark's 2001: A Space Odyssey and Phillip K Dick's Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep. The computing world has evolved by leaps and bounds since then, though we have yet to attain that elusive vision of ubiquitous, natural conversational interaction with a computer. Text to speech engines are fast approaching the sound and inflection of a convincing human voice and voice recognition has also greatly improved (my Android phone is highly accurate with short phrases - not quite 100%, but far better than what voice recognition was like even a few years ago). Still, an intelligent back-end is required to hook all these technologies together in a cohesive, effortless user experience. While Natural Language Processing with Python didn't quite attain this lofty goal, it educated me on the nuances of NLP and the difficult computing problems that need to be resolved before this futuristic vision can become commonplace.
The book starts off with the terms and concepts behind NLP and introduces the free, open source Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK), followed by installing and downloading the NLTK demo book data collection and running some simple Python scripts to show off the NLTK's functions and lexical diversity. A fun exercise is running nltk.chat.chatbots() which shows how NLP can interact with users in a not-quite-there Turing Test sort of way. The next 10 chapters delve into all things NLP, from accessing and processing large bodies of text (both text corpora and raw formats), a quick Python primer oriented toward NLP (complete with Mathplotlib and PyNum data visualization examples) in Chapter 4, using a part-of-speech tagger and automating such tagging via regular expressions, lookups and N-Gram tagging. Text and sequence classification and recognizing textual entailment (ex: predicting the true/false relationships of text within a statement) are covered in Chapter 6. Decision trees, information gain (a measure of "how much more organized the input values become when we divide them up using a given feature"), naive Bayes classifiers ("every feature gets a say in determining which label should be assigned to a given input value"), and other techniques: zero counts, smoothing, maximum entropy classifiers, linguistic pattern modeling, information extraction architecture from unstructured data, chunking, chinking and tag patterns, tree traversal, named entry recognition (NER), relation extraction and more. Chapter 8 covers sentence structure analysis (i.e., dealing with ubiquitous ambiguity), context-free, dependency and weighted grammars, with feature-based grammars discussed in Chapter 9. All this dense background comes together in Chapter 10 by applying an NLP interface to an underlying SQL-structured data source using propositional and first-order logic. Understanding the semantics of English sentences via the Principle of Compositionality, lambda-Calculus, quantified NP's, transitive verbs and discourse representation structures (DRS). The final chapter on managing linguistic data from various sources such as the web, word document files and spreadsheets is demonstrated in a TIMIT (a consortium of Texas Instruments and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Corpus, and concluding with an extended welcome to the Open Languages Archive Community (OLAC). The book closes with an Afterword on engaging the reader in the various computational challenges in state-of-the-art NLP systems, the NLTK roadmap and a bold invitation to "build new language technologies to better serve the needs of the information society, and ultimately as a pathway into deeper understanding of the vast riches of human language." Who could turn down such an offer?!
Each chapter concludes with a series of exercises ranging in difficulty; unfortunately, answers to the exercises are nowhere to be found, not even on the book's website. Some of the more public-facing examples of NLP in action are on popular web sites including ask.com and wolframalpha.com. While the authors fail to point readers to such commercial entities that have successfully incorporated the NLTK into their backend data processing applications, such websites no doubt employ the principles discussed in the book.
In summary, Natural Language Processing with Python delivers a solid education for any computing professional interested in the complexity and current state of the art in NLP systems. Python programmers will find the book especially Pythonic in the NLTK's implementation and use of NLP principles. While my dream of having an intelligent spoken word conversation with my computer may have to wait for another 25 years of computing evolution, this book helped me understand the complexities of the problem and ways to get closer to the solution.
Title: Natural Language Processing with Python
Authors: Steven Bird, Ewan Klein and Edward Loper
Publisher: O'Reilly Media
Pages: 512
Price: $44.99 US


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While I am trying to get together the illustrations for another slew of Serge Valentin reviews (this time a whole lot of very interesting Karuizawas), how about this for something different:
Mitsubishi pencil is making a range of pens purportedly made out of white oak barrels used for whisky making.
Friday, September 21, 2007
Malt whisky pen!
2 comments:
- peterb said...
Are there any good sources for these Japanese whiskies in the United States for those who are curious about trying them? The only whisky my local distributor carries is Suntory Yamazaki.
- September 21, 2007 at 11:49 PM
If you look on my sidebar you will see I have a section called "Where to buy". Unfortunately, as I note there, I have yet to find a retailer in the US that offers a reasonable selection. Probably, your best hope is taking a look at some of the European online retailers. Some of them will send to the US, though you will be responsible for duty and abiding by the law in the US.
- September 21, 2007 at 11:53 PM
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The Odd Couple: HIV and Bacteria
There are more than a thousand types of bacteria that live in our bodies -- on our skin, in our mouths, and in our gut. Of those bacteria, only 50 are known to be harmful. The rest, what we will call "healthy bacteria", have important roles in the body and are needed to keep people functioning well. This may be particularly true for people with HIV.
HIV affects the immune system, and a large part of the body's immune system is located in the intestines and gut. During the early stages of HIV infection, the virus can upset the balance of healthy bacteria in the gut, leading to health issues. This article will look into some of these complications and the ways people can change their diet to reduce their occurrence.
History of Healthy Bacteria
The idea that bacteria can be helpful dates back to 1907, when the Russian scientist Elie Metchnikoff postulated that bacteria might provide health benefits. He observed that regularly eating certain dairy products, such as yogurt, was associated with better health and longer life. Because of this, he drank sour milk every day until he passed away at age 71. Though he didn't have the ability to prove his theory, today scientists are discovering that healthy bacteria can positively affect health, both in the gut and beyond.
Scientists think the human diet once contained several thousand times more bacteria than it does today. With the advent of cleaner water, better sewage systems, antibacterial soaps and antibiotic drugs, the amount of bacteria that people are exposed to has decreased. High standards of hygiene kill bad bacteria but also kill healthy bacteria. Some experts think that reduced exposure may have a negative effect on our health and may disrupt the immune system's ability to function at its best. This is called the "hygiene hypothesis".
Certain healthy bacteria that help the immune system are less frequent or in some cases completely absent in both our environment and in our diets. This is particularly harmful for people with HIV whose immune systems are already negatively affected by the virus. Research shows that germfree animals have a low number of intestinal B and T-cells, the very cells HIV-positive people need in high numbers. The study also showed, however, that shortly after healthy bacteria exposure, the animals' population of T-cells normalized.
In addition to helping the immune system, healthy bacteria help digest food into nutrients that our bodies can absorb, and are useful in the body's defense against other infections in the intestine. Recent data further suggest that there may be a specific bacterium that helps with T-cell development.
Healthy bacteria and other microscopic organisms like yeast are called probiotics because when eaten in the right amount, they help people stay healthy. These probiotics have also been associated with better immune function in people with HIV. Several studies from different countries suggest that probiotics may be able to delay damage to, or help preserve, the immune function of people with HIV. They may do this by stimulating natural killer cell activity, lowering the rate of infection from other harmful bacteria, and possibly lowering inf lammation, but different studies have found different results when looking at this.
Good sources of healthy bacteria include foods such as yogurt, sauerkraut, miso, tempeh, Kombucha tea, and fermented vegetables. These are all "fermented foods", meaning they have undergone a chemical process in which the bacteria change the original food into a simpler and more easily digestible form. For example, yogurt is basically fermented milk. The process of fermentation actually helps preserve the food as well, so it takes longer to spoil. When these healthy bacteria-rich foods are included in one's diet, health benefits may occur in the gut, and possibly in the immune system.
One study examined 24 HIV-positive women with CD4 counts over 200 and diarrhea. Half of the women took probiotic yogurt every day for 15 days and the other half did not. The women who did not eat the yogurt saw their CD4 counts drop, while those who did eat it had an increase in their CD4 counts, and also experienced improvement in their diarrhea. But the study was so small and short it's hard to say whether the results were real or due to chance.
Similarly, another study examined 68 HIV-positive women in Tanzania over a three-year period. This study saw an increase in CD4 counts and concluded that the introduction of probiotic yogurt was significantly associated with an increase in CD4 counts.
Yet another study looked at 77 HIV-positive children and found that healthy bacteria may have improved the immune systems of children who ate fermented foods. Children who ate yogurt regularly saw a small increase in their T-cells. And those with diarrhea saw a slight improvement in their symptoms. Once again, the study was small as were the benefits -- so this type of study just proves that we need more research.
A major barrier to building up healthy bacteria in people with HIV is heavy use of antibiotics, which kill bacterial infections. Antibiotics are over-prescribed and overused in American culture. They are frequently given to people with HIV, either to prevent or treat an infection. Since healthy bacteria are vital for the immune system, it is worth questioning whether or not liberal use of antibiotics is bad for one's health. For example, it's critical that people with HIV and a CD4 count below 200 take meds like Bactrim to prevent PCP. But one study showed that it can take the healthy bacteria in the gut four years to recover from one round of antibiotics. Of course, people at risk for PCP need antibiotics to prevent this deadly disease. But as more research emerges on how healthy bacteria help the immune system, we should study how to minimize the effect antibiotics have on them.
One Man's Story
Sandor Katz has been fermenting foods for the past 17 years. He says his goal is to promote fermented foods in our culture and "spread the word about the glorious nutritional and healing powers of live fermented foods." As a self-proclaimed "fermentation fetishist", he eats fermented foods regularly. He has also been living with HIV for over 20 years. He takes his meds and knows that he wouldn't be alive without them, but he also claims much of his good health is due to regularly eating fermented foods.
At his sickest, Sandor weighed less than 100 pounds. He experimented with veganism (not eating meat or dairy products). When that didn't help, he switched gears and began eating fermented foods. He thinks these foods have been an essential part of his healing, and have strengthened his ability to tolerate the side effects of the HIV meds.
Sandor has published a book, Wild Fermentation, and travels around the country giving lectures and fermentation demonstrations. He praises the benefits of healthy bacteria, and believes that they may prevent other diseases, such as cancer. But he is clear to say "that doesn't mean sauerkraut cured my AIDS." Fermented foods certainly aren't miracle foods in the sense that they can cure disease. But they may help improve health and better manage illnesses.
Species and Strains
Not all healthy bacteria are created equal. There are several different kinds that work in different ways to improve health. Studies show that some strains are particularly helpful for the immune system, while others are more helpful for treating intestinal problems, such as bloating, constipation, or diarrhea. Most fermented foods will say on their labels which specific species or strains of healthy bacteria are present.
Some question the safety of eating healthy bacteria or taking a food supplement if HIV-positive. Though people with HIV are at greater risk of opportunistic infections, there is no published evidence that eating foods that contain healthy bacteria increases that risk. Two studies have been conducted to assess the safety of healthy bacteria in patients with HIV, and the findings support their safety.
At the moment, our understanding of how best to use healthy bacteria to enhance or maintain immunity is at an early stage. There is still much to learn, and researchers are looking into the reasons why certain bacteria are helpful. This may lead to a better, more personalized way of eating healthy bacteria and lead to better health outcomes.
Food supplements containing healthy bacteria are not FDA regulated, and one study found that many commercial products did not contain the amount or type of probiotics their labels claimed. For this reason, they should be purchased with caution. A sensible recommendation would be for people with HIV to include more fermented foods in their diets, to boost healthy bacteria intake naturally.
Many fermented foods are "pre-digested", making them better tolerated. For example, some people are lactose intolerant, which means they can't digest dairy products. But often those who are lactose intolerant can tolerate yogurt. This is because the lactose in yogurt is fermented, making it more digestible.
There is still a lot to learn about the relationship between the human body and healthy bacteria. Though the role, safety, and effectiveness of healthy bacteria in people with HIV needs more research, much of what has been discovered is promising. Currently, registered dietitians recommend that people with HIV eat a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, protein, and healthy fats. Fermented foods are not officially on that list, but they should be. Sandor Katz serves not only as an inspiration, but as evidence of the positive effects that these foods can have on people with HIV. As he says in his book, "the [real] health benefits have only encouraged my devotion to fermentation."
Sarah Robertson is the Coordinator of Nutrition and Meals at GMHC and is the treasurer of the Infectious Diseases Nutrition Dietetic Practice Group of the American Dietetic Association.


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(→(Who is the application not for))
(No difference)
About the User Research Profile: The purpose of this template is to provide a place to document an application's user research information for reference during development. Top level items are information everyone in the project should be aware of. Some of the details in the lower sections may take some work and discussion within the project to complete.
Short summary description of the purpose of the application, who it is for, and what those people can do with it.
User Profile 1: For each group of users identified (or primary groups, or particularly special groups if many groups are defined), write a description of that user's characteristics based on a real user you know.
Use Scenario 1: For each task identified (or major tasks, or particularly special tasks if many tasks are defined), write a description of how that user would accomplish the task independent of how they would complete it within the application.
Use Case 1: If a use scenario has been implemented, include a matching use case which describes how the task use scenario can be completed in the application. There may be branching or multiple ways to complete the task, and this is a good way to document it.


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|MS Word (586 KB) | PDF (806 KB)
Credit Enhancement Initiatives to Assist Charter School Facility Acquisition, Construction, and Renovation (V-B-2)
Charter schools, in general, are newly created organizations. These new schools face considerable financial burdens to obtain facilities for providing educational services. Most charter schools rent space and older charter schools are beginning to buy and renovate buildings. In both cases, district and state allocations generally do not cover facilities costs. Even when these costs are covered, charter schools rarely receive funding commensurate with the support provided for traditional public schools. This program helps charter schools with the costs of acquiring, constructing, and renovating facilities through innovative credit enhancement initiatives.
WHAT'S NEW--The No Child Left Behind Act
Empowers Parents
- Increases choice among public schools. This program aims to increase the number of charter schools and increase the capacity of existing charter schools to meet the demand of parents seeking alternate public schools.
Reduces Bureaucracy and Increases Flexibility
- Extends the eligibility for grants. The new legislation differs from the previous Charter Schools Facilities Financing Demonstration program in that it no longer requires "one-time" grants.
How It Works
The U.S. Department of Education awards grants to defray the cost of acquiring, constructing, and renovating facilities through a competitive process to private, nonprofit organizations, public entities, or consortia including both types of entities. State education agencies may apply as a public entity or enter into a consortium with a nonprofit entity or another public entity. Grantees may reserve one-quarter of 1 percent of the grant for administrative costs. The remainder must be deposited in a reserve account and used to guarantee or insure debt used to finance charter school facilities, to guarantee and insure leases of personal and real property, and assists charter schools facilities financing through such activities such as identifying potential lending sources and encouraging private lending. It facilitates bond issues by charter schools or other public entities for the benefit of charter schools.
The grant recipients are expected to identify charter schools that will benefit from leveraged grant funds, either before or after receiving the award.
Key Requirements
Grant recipients must:
- Identify the activities proposed, including how the eligible entity will determine which charter schools will receive assistance, and how much and what types of assistance charter schools will receive;
- Describe the involvement of charter schools in the application's development and the design of the proposed activities;
- Document the applicant's expertise in capital market financing;
- Describe how the proposed activities will leverage the maximum amount of private-sector financing relative to the amount of government funding, and enhance credit available to charter schools;
- Document that the applicant possesses sufficient expertise in education to evaluate the likelihood of success of the charter school program for which facilities financing is sought; and
- In the case of an application submitted by a state government agency, describe the actions that it will take to ensure that charter schools within the state receive the funding needed for adequate facilities.
How Performance Is Measured
Grant recipients are required to submit annual financial and progress reports to the U.S. Department of Education. The Department may revoke funds if grantees fail to make substantial progress in carrying out the grant purposes.


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Are frogs on their last legs? Not if we and all the frog fans out there can help it. The Museum's Wildlife Garden joins the awareness action this weekend as the venue for the UK's Save the Frogs Day, hosted by the Froglife charity.
'Help, I can't find my pond...' Save the Frogs Day is on Saturday 27 April, come along to our event in the Wildlife Garden or join in where you are. Image: Common frog, Rana temporaria, courtesy Silviu Petrovan.
As well as the fun stuff like pond-dipping and decorating your own tropical frog models to take home, there will be lots to learn about ambiphians and their conservation at our event here on Saturday, 27 April.
The Museum's large pond in its Wildlife Garden: Home to amphibians like the common frog, toad, and common newt, and many more aquatic animals. Enjoy some pond-dipping at our Save the Frogs Day event on Saturday.
If you can't make it to the Museum for Save the Frogs Day, here are some quick tips of how to help conservation wherever you are:
- Listen to and share comedian John Shuttleworth's Save the frog song
- Tweet your froggy pics and support to #Savethefrogs
- Don't move frogs or frogspawn - particularly important at the moment when frogs are arriving in local ponds
- Don't release pet amphibians (or any other animals) into the wild
- Report any dead or ill amphibians in your garden to Froglife
- Add Water and dig a wildlife pond in your own garden
- Make your gardening organic and chemical-free
- Support amphibian conservation projects
With more than 5,800 species currently identified, frogs and toads are the most familiar and most abundant amphibians on the planet. But the sad fact is that UK populations of frogs are under threat from disease and habitat loss. They make up 32% of the already large fraction (one-third) of amphibian species that are threatened with extinction.
The ranavirus disease and destruction of local ponds are among the causes for our frogs' decline. These factors can wipe out a local population in a short time (ranavirus is a disease that Froglife has been aware of since the 1980s and there is an ongoing research project with the Institute of Zoology to help stop the spread of the disease.)
If you want to immerse yourselves more in the amazing world of frogs and toads, the Museum's guide to Frogs and Toads by Chris Mattison is really comprehensive and beautifully illustrated (above and right).
Find out lots more about frog conservation on the Froglife website
What's the difference between frogs and toads
Learn about freshwater pond habitats
Identify your frog or amphibian find on our ID forum


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About Company
RIPOL classic Publishing house is one of the leaders of the Russian publishing market.
Results of its work are thousands of popular books, many of which have become bestsellers.
With help of our books some readers have found new friends or beloved ones, others have resolved their problems in a new way, and many people indeed have a good time while reading.
Today we face the future confidently and are proud of our successes. One of our great achievements is our readers. Their interest to our production inspires us to look for new ways and accomplish creative experiments distinguishing our books. During twelve years we, together with our readers, have discovered such authors as Natalia Stepanova, Bernard Werber, Yuri Geyko, Robert Green, Yuri Vyazemsky, Luciana Littizzetto, Leonard Cohen, Charles Aznavour and Misha Aznavour, Suad, Sophie Audouin-Mamikonian and many others. We hope books of RIPOL classic continue to be your pleasant and reliable companions.
Sergey Makarenkov
About Ripol KiT (Imprint of RIPOL Classic Publishing Group)
Project «Ripol KiТ» has been started by Sergey Makarenkov (CEO in RIPOL Classic) and Sergey Tishkov (ex-Editorial Director of Children's and Young Adult Books in RIPOL Classic) in the beginning of the 2009 as an imprint of Ripol classic Publishing Group. «Ripol KiТ» («KiT» means abbreviation from the Russian words «picture and text») — is a quality label in children`s literature. In «Ripol KiТ»'s series there are new books of famous Russian authors, the best classic books for children and also translated books of the best authors and artists of children's literature from all over the world.
During these three years «Ripol KiТ» has been awarded with top prizes in competitions «The Best Books of The Year», «The Image of The Book» and «The Best for Children». In 2012, the principal illustrator of the «Ripol KiТ»'s series Gennady Spirin was nominated for the Hans Christian Anderson Award.


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Five days ago, the Cowboys held a three-man Gong Show at quarterback. On Sunday, the Cowboys declared a winner.
Winning the check for $516.32 was Alex Tanney. He joins Tony Romo, Kyle Orton, and Nick Stephens on the 90-man roster.
Adding a fourth quarterback became critical for the Cowboys, given that Romo will have his throws limited in training camp following offseason surgery to remove a cyst from his back.
Tanney, who played college football at Division III Monmouth, gained notice after posting a YouTube video of trick shots. He was signed by the Chiefs last year, but he was placed on injured reserve in late August.


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Solar comedones
Solar or senile comedones arise on the face of the middle-aged and elderly. They affect areas that have been exposed to sunlight over a long period of time, particularly the cheeks, which may become yellow and leathery (solar elastosis).
The comedones may be open (blackheads) or closed (whiteheads). There may also be larger cysts.
Solar comedones are not related to acne vulgaris and do not usually become inflamed. They are however very persistent.
Favre-Racouchot syndrome
Solar comedones in association with elastosis (yellowish thickening and furrows) is also known as Favre-Racouchot syndrome. It may affect the skin around the eyes, the temples and the neck. It is thought to be due to a combination of sun exposure and heavy smoking.
Favre-Racouchot syndrome
- Use sun protection and apply oil-free sunscreen to exposed skin
- Stop smoking
- Wash affected areas twice daily with mild soap or cleanser and water
- Apply retinoid cream to affected areas at night (this requires a doctor's prescription)
- Apply light moisturisers if the skin is dry (dryness may be aggravated by the retinoid)
- The contents of the comedones can be squeezed out gently using a "comedo expressor", an instrument which can be purchased at a pharmacy.
If these measures are unhelpful, the comedones can often be removed by cautery, diathermy or laser treatment. They may recur and require further treatment from time to time.


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The week
Related Articles
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Reviews the videotape `Leadership by Empowerment,' from Fenman Training.
- Canteen staff take control when the chips are down. McHale, Jo // People Management;3/9/1995, Vol. 1 Issue 5, p48
Reviews the videotape `Being Empowered: Making a Difference.'
- Management development in search of better skills. McHale, Jo // People Management;5/4/1995, Vol. 1 Issue 9, p51
Evaluates a series of video-based management development programs released by British Broadcasting Service for Business. `In Search of Identity,' `In Search of Knowledge' and `IT: The Third Revolution' videotapes.
- Behaviour speaks volumes about underlying prejudice. McHale, Jo // People Management;5/18/1995, Vol. 1 Issue 10, p48
Reviews the videotape `Fair's Fair,' produced by Melrose Films.
- Sound advice on creating a safer working environment. McHale, Jo // People Management;8/24/1995, Vol. 1 Issue 17, p42
Evaluates the videotapes from Training Directors about raising awareness about the consequences of careless working practices. Responsibilities of employers in `Manual Handling'; Avoiding electrical hazards in `Electrical Safety'; `Safety in the Office.'
- Successful companies set an example for employees. McHale, Jo // People Management;10/5/1995, Vol. 1 Issue 20, p52
Evaluates the videotape `Ethics in Business,' from Hebden Lindsay.
- Dealing with a marriage of give and take. McHale, Jo // People Management;11/16/1995, Vol. 1 Issue 23, p48
Reviews the videotape `Negotiating: Tying the Knot,' by Video Arts.
- Late arrivals cause a multimedia sensation. McHale, Jo // People Management;2/8/1996, Vol. 2 Issue 3, p54
Reviews two videodiscs. `Say The Right Thing,' and `Right First Time.'
- Hungry for success in a `big and hairy' way. // People Management;2/22/1996, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p50
Reviews the videotape `Organisational Vision.'
- Hungry for success in a `big and hairy' way. // People Management;2/22/1996, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p50
Reviews the videotape `Organisational Vision.'


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After months of searching, Palo Alto officials Wednesday tapped a veteran of the Police Department and a well-known figure to the city's robust coalition of emergency-preparedness volunteers to head the fledgling Office of Emergency Services.
Dueker, a genial, tech-savvy officer who has been serving as an interim director of the new department, beat out more than 50 other candidates and six other finalists for the $125,000 a year job, according to an announcement from City Manager James Keene.
Dueker has been active in the Citizen Corps Council (a coalition of businesses, agencies and cities working together on disaster preparation) and led various initiatives relating to emergency preparedness. These include the deployment of the mobile "Emergency Operations Center" and the recent citywide Safety Fair and the Quakeville camp-out exercises.
Annette Glanckopf, a member of the Citizen Corps Council and also the panel that interviewed the finalists, praised the appointment, citing Dueker's intelligence, organization skills and knowledge of Palo Alto.
"The man is definitely a visionary, and I think we wouldn't have gotten as far as we have in our efforts if it hadn't been for some of the thoughts and the vision that Ken has," she said. "He is a great team builder, and he is respected all over the city and the county."
Dueker's new position is the latest stage in a distinguished police career that has seen him rise from a reserve police officer to a patrolman and a detective before becoming involved full-time in disaster planning and community preparedness. Glanckopf credited him with bringing structure to the Citizen Corps Council and for bringing technical savvy to disaster preparedness -- a subject that remains one of the City Council's official priorities.
"He's been a perfect example of someone who can break down silos and get people to work together," Glanckopf said.
Dueker's experiences in emergency preparedness go well beyond Palo Alto and law enforcement. In 2003, he founded the start-up company PowerFlare Corporation, which designs eco-friendly LED lights. He remains on the company's board of directors. He has also served as a chief operating officer for the Santa Clara-based fiber-optics company C Speed Corporation. Dueker also worked in the early 1990s as a corporate emergency planner for the Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO). According to the city's announcement, he worked at ARCO's Los Angeles headquarters and gained experience during the 1994 earthquake in Northridge.
Dueker holds a bachelor's degree from Pomona College, a law degree from Harvard University, various emergency-management certifications and an amateur radio license.
Keene selected Dueker after a interview process featuring two interview panels that included emergency-operations professionals, top police and fire staff, neighborhood leaders and department heads from City Hall. After the two panels provided their recommendations, Keene interviewed the five finalists and chose Dueker.
"I am honored to have this role to improve the resilience of our City through our stakeholders, such as the neighborhoods, our businesses, Stanford University, and others in our community," Dueker said in a statement. "In a major disaster, we will all benefit from the investment in the relationships and structures that we are creating."
Dueker's appointment is the most significant step in the city's disaster-preparedness effort since the council decided last summer to create the Office of Emergency Services. The city has traditionally coordinated its emergency response and preparedness by activating an "Emergency Operations Center" in the City Hall basement and having representatives from various departments meet there during major events to plan the city's response.
The new office was created to improve coordination between city departments and support the various volunteer groups that have been working on preparing the city for emergencies. Glanckopf and other volunteers have previously characterized the city's grassroots-based operation as an orchestra without a conductor. Dueker will be expected to fill this role.
Earlier this year, the city commissioned an independent study to assess the city's emergency-preparedness operation. The study, by the group Urban Resilience Policy, highlighted a number of deficiencies and concluded that under the previous system the city's Office of Emergency Services "does not have the authority to overcome planning and preparedness deficiencies."
The City Council is scheduled to approve Dueker's contract, which includes the $125,000 salary, on Monday (Dec. 12). If the contract is approved as expected, he would begin his new position the following day.


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Available ebook formats: epub mobi pdf rtf lrf pdb txt html
Sage Reamen is a school teacher with a very naughty hobby. After a long day in the classroom, she uses her erotic stories and romances to live out her secret fantasies by night.
Sage knows that fun sex is good sex, and she strives to inject humor and playfulness into steamy situations and red-hot lovemaking. For a walk on her wild side, check out her catalog to find a plethora of great books that will keep you up at night.


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By Ed Harris
The Southington Fire Department recently acquired a new high pressure breathing air compressor, thanks to a grant.
The compressor, which fills the air packs the firefighters wear into a fire, was obtained through an Assistance to Firefighters grant. The grant covered 90 percent of the compressor's $56,000 price tag. The town picked up the remaining $5,000.
"It's replacing a 19-year-old system," said firefighter Eric Heath, who wrote and helped secure the grant. "It was at the peak of its lifespan."
Heath said the new compressor will cost less for maintenance and less to fill the tanks.
The compressor is currently in service and personnel are being trained on how to use it.
"Without this machine we couldn't do our jobs," Heath said. "It's a lifesaving piece of equipment."
Comments? Email email@example.com.


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Jerzy Janowicz (above) on the attack.
All England Club 2013
Ladies Semi-final July 04
Kirsten Flipkens: + 130
Marion Bartoli: – 160
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
Sabine Lisicki: – 150
Agnieszka Radwanska: + 120
Men's Semifinal July 05
Juan Martin Del Potro: + 500
NovaK Djokovic: – 800
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
Jerzy Janowicz: + 375
Andy Murray: – 500
I would certainly hail Jerzy Janowicz, should he hoist the trophy come Sunday noon. That kid is going places. Looks a little Sampras-ish. But we think it will be King Novak who wins the day. At any rate, and these rates are fine, we would take JJ tomorrow. Look for him to finish off Murray where Verdasco we knew, would not. Verdasco is like the white James Blake. All talent and near misses, the both of them. Janowicz has the right game for the lawn, and Murray is gonna have to get down if he wants to get through, which may not be easy, considering the back has seemed balky, that same back that has plagued him since early 2012. Say what, you say. Yes. We were shocked to read Chris Clarey on the eve of Roland Garros telling us Andy Murray was skipping because of a back injury which first affected him 14 months ago. We don't like when players get their rhythm amended near the time of a major, especially with the RG/SW-19 quick turn around, the way Murray's was. No way around that Murray was not playing competitive tennis at the highest level last month. We don't like it. The pusher injuries began 14 months ago with Murray, it seems, and more to come, which puts a real damper on Murray's long term plans to win the French Open, oh pity Britain. Murray should not fold up the tent on RG yet, especially since he can hit as many shots as he wants there and he just loves hitting shots, just not winners.
We think Murray might get the game took to him Friday by the Polish Lightning Bolt. If not, then Djokovic should school him proper Sunday, because seems to us better inclined and better primed to take the match, which is what is called for on grass after all. Though Djoker's got his work cur out with him with JMDP, and don't think we don't love JMDP on that money line, especially since we saw JMDP unleash bomb after bomb on Novak less than a year ago on these very courts in taking out the King at the Olympic fare. Janowicz, to us, should have had the +5 and JMDP should be much much much lower, because Djokovic could very easily lose here in this spot. But we think Djoker needs this to cleanse the stench from his RG semi chokefest very badly, which will overcome.
As for the ladies, not gonna say much. Respect Lisicki, the big hitter, yeah, Bartoli not so much, but we love both dogs there too. Bartoli, a 2 hander, hates having variety thrown at her, hates having her rhythm and time disrupted. Which is Flipkens description–old school, crafty, grass court tennis. And that's why we like Aggie too, because of the craft. This is Aggie's best ever chance to do something, let's be real. None of the big 3 is here. She needs it, and she has always played very well when she has needed it, we thinks. Would be a sensational coup too if Aggie hoisted the heavy metal, considering how lightly she packs. Just being real, son.
So nice to see the grass reward the bold (and Andy Murray) as it traditionally does, and for so many reasons, like the lack for the lack of prep on the stuff (can't practice on the grounds prior to the tourny) and the onus on attack, volley, good old 'do you have the balls to take it out of the air, far from the baseline?' tennis. Essentially what we are describing is…TENNIS!!! So let's make Halle a Masters 1000 and let the Olympians play their tennis at SW-19 regardless of the silly host country from here on in and perhaps we can start to undo some of the damage that plan A only Sharapova drones and straight up pushers like 90% of all 2-handers out there and their fearless leader, precious oh precious Rafael, and Florida and Chris Evert's dad and Brad Gilbert and Plexicushion and clay have done to this game.
It was wild.
Crackbillionair (https://crackbillionair.wordpress.com)


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Piano Stories: Clown Car
9 years ago
As often as they can, The John Brothers load an upright piano into their City Car Share pickup, drive to BART stops in Oakland and just start playing. They attract musicians, homeless people, businesspeople...some of whom were willing to tell their stories to a musical backdrop of piano notes and chirping crosswalks.
Grief and rage Coach Outlet by frontier
I play the guitar or at least by vdwpatrick
llswnub ohhtavia by roberthkdonald
I am actually looking for by Claire Foxall
If they are planning to visit by Garmhel_05
Call center jobs are by AddisonSmith
I would love it if this by eavedrop441
I love this idea. I truly by Gretchen
Hilarious!!!! by coldkoolin
Jazzy piano playing! Wish I by xserenax


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Breville Variable-Temperature Tea & Coffee Kettle
Whether you're making a pot of specialty tea or brewing coffee in a French press, this kettle heats the water to the precise temperature for extracting full flavor.
- Base unit features a state-of-the-art electronic heating system with settings for green tea (175°F), white tea (185°F), oolong tea (195°F), French-press coffee (200°F) and boil/black tea (212°F).
- Heats water quickly and efficiently.
- Water-level indicators and measurement markings on both sides of kettle.
- Kettle lifts off the base for easy carrying and pouring.
- Beeps when selected temperature is reached.
- Hold function maintains the selected temperature for up to 20 minutes.
- Removable mesh water filter eliminates scale deposits.
- Automatic shutoff.
Dimensions & More Info
- Model #BKE820XL
- 9" x 7 1/2" x 9 3/4" high.
- 60-fl.-oz. cap.
- 3 lb. 3 oz.
- This product is intended for use in the United States and Canada and is built to United States electrical standards.
- Made in China.
Use & Care
- Do not heat empty or allow pot to boil dry.
- Wipe exterior clean with a damp cloth.
- Avoid using harsh detergents, abrasive cleansers, steel wool or steel scouring pads.
- De-scale kettle as often as needed using a store-bought de-scaling solution or a solution of 1 part vinegar to 2 parts water. Boil and allow to stand overnight. Discard solution and refill with water. Boil and discard. Repeat.
- To clean scale deposits from filter, remove filter and wash under hot running water. Rub with a clean cloth or brush.
Shipping Information
UPS can deliver most in-stock items within 3–5 business days. UPS is unable to deliver to P.O. boxes.
Shipping Rates
The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping destination. View Shipping Options and Charges.
Next Day Delivery
For an additional charge of $26 per address, we can expedite delivery to most destinations. This service is not available for some oversize items, items shipped directly from the supplier (including perishable and custom-manufactured items), out-of-stock items and items to be shipped outside the contiguous 48 states.
Orders received by 9:00 p.m. ET Monday through Thursday will arrive the next business day; orders placed Friday through Sunday will arrive on the following Tuesday.
Return Policy
At Williams Sonoma, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction are our priority. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement.
If within 30 days, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value. An original receipt or gift receipt is required for all returns and exchanges. Returns with a gift receipt will be refunded in the form of a Merchandise Credit for the amount indicated on the gift receipt. Returns with original receipt will be refunded in the original form of payment, cash and check refunds over $100 will be issued as a company check (may take 14 business days from time of request).
For all cutlery returns (knife sets, single knives, cutting boards, knife sharpeners and knife storage), please contact us at 888.922.4108 to initiate the return.
We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, special-order items, custom upholstery, food, items shipped direct from the vendor or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. Final sale items ending in .97 or .99 cannot be returned.
Made to Order and Final Sale Furniture items are non-returnable and cannot be cancelled once the order is placed.
For returns of items purchased from your Williams Sonoma Gift Registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later. View Full Returns Policy.
Breville Variable-Temperature Tea & Coffee Kettle
|Delivery Surcharge
|Breville Variable-Temperature Tea & Coffee Kettle, Model # BKE820XL
|Sugg. Price $200 Our Price $129.95


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Humor. Drama. Real-life stories. In his popular comic strip Crankshaft, cartoonist Tom Batiuk has created a cast of characters so real that fans are compelled to follow their adventures.
A former minor league baseball pitcher, the strip's namesake, Ed Crankshaft, was deeply disappointed when his major league aspirations fell by the wayside. Today, however, he can deal with life's curveballs, thanks to a loving family that stands by him. Crankshaft amuses comics fans with his no-holds-barred zingers and cantankerous disposition, an obvious outer crust for a school bus driver.
Since its debut in 1987, Crankshaft has engendered reader loyalty with its engaging storylines and Crankshaft's muddled aphorisms. Created by Batiuk and drawn by Chuck Ayers, the strip is a spin-off of Batiuk's immensely popular high school comic, Funky Winkerbean. Written in the same "narrative humor" vein as Funky, the strip offers plenty of humor, but it also tackles some tough issues like adult illiteracy, Alzheimer's disease and school violence.
Available daily and on Sundays, Crankshaft currently connects with readers in more than 300 newspapers worldwide. Given the strip's thoughtful approach in acknowledging the issues facing today's senior citizens, Crankshaft is particularly popular among older people and those who have parents at or beyond retirement age. Crankshaft really resonates with readers emotionally invested in the strong, identifiable characters and plot-driven storylines.
You never know which Ed Crankshaft you're going to get -- the irritable one, the angry one, the upset one, or the plain old garden-variety grumpy one. Regardless, they're all an act designed to cover up his soft, sweet side. Obviously, he's got an Oscar coming.
Ed's daughter, Pam Murdoch, and his son-in-law, Jeff Murdoch, are part of the Sandwich Generation, which means that they get stuck with all of the baloney.
Ed's generation has a lot in common with his grandkids, Max and Mindy. They both like to listen to the TV at 160 decibels and they never listen to a thing that Pam and Jeff say.
Lillian and Lucy McKenzie are two spinster sisters who have lived in the neighborhood for ages.
Morgan and Chase Lambert are a young couple who have just moved into the neighborhood. Despite their age differences, they have one thing in common Ed Crankshaft drives them crazy.
Ralph Meckler is Ed's best friend. Helen Meckler is Ralph's wife.
Although on the surface their existence seems to be fun and games, the lives of the bus garage crew are fraught with peril, mainly from drinking Lena's coffee and trying to eat her brownies. They're a dedicated bunch who put in endless hours of practice, which is why their bowling team is in first place. Lena is the manager of the bus garage where Ed Crankshaft works. Andy is a bus driver and Crankshaft's co-worker.
Lois is Ed's girlfriend. Angel is a teenage, single mother and a Rough Rider.
The Roughriders -- Marcus, Shane, Cobey and Severo -- from Teddy Roosevelt High School are the toughest, most difficult kids in the district, which is why they've been assigned to Ed's bus and why you have to feel sorry for them.
See what the Royal Membership is all about.


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Kings rally past Sharks
Los Angeles, CA – Dustin Brown and Trevor Lewis scored power- play goals just 22 seconds apart late in the third period as the Los Angeles Kings took a thrilling 4-3 win over the San Jose Sharks in Game 2 of this Western Conference semifinal series.
Jeff Carter had a goal and an assist while Drew Doughty also scored for the Kings, who now hold a 2-0 lead in this best-of-seven series. Jonathan Quick, who posted a shutout in Tuesday's 2-0 victory, made 28 saves in the win.
"We found a way," said Kings head coach Darryl Sutter. "You know what, the power play was on, we've been talking about it, we've been getting good looks and good opportunities and not finishing and we got it from different guys quite honestly. It was good to see Brown score a goal, breakout hopefully, and Lewis scoring the winner and Toffoli making a great play."
Brad Stuart had a goal and an assist while Patrick Marleau and Marc-Edouard Vlasic also scored for the Sharks, who got 27 stops from Antti Niemi in the loss.
"Tomorrow when we meet I'll tell them the good things we did," said San Jose head coach Todd McLellan. " We will talk about some of the adjustments we made and how it helped us. We'll talk about things we need to clean up a little bit and the most important thing is they'll know we believe in them. It was a hell of an effort tonight."
San Jose played the game without forward Raffi Torres as he was suspended for the rest of this semifinal match from an illegal hit to the head of Kings forward Jarret Stoll in Game 1 on Tuesday.
This series now heads to San Jose for the next two games with Game 3 set for Saturday night.
The Kings trailed by a goal and had failed on a power play chance earlier in the frame, but were given another chance when Stuart was called for tripping. Just 22 seconds later, Vlasic was called for a delay of game as he flipped the puck over the glass in his own zone.
On the 5-on-3, Mike Richards threw a shot on net from the left circle that was stopped by Niemi. Carter was then able to push the rebound to the front where Brown pushed the puck in to tie the contest at 18:17.
Still on a man advantage, the Kings then went up as Tyler Toffoli, playing his first playoff game, came in down the right wing and fired a shot on net that Niemi made a right pad save on, but the rebound kicked out to the left and Lewis buried it for a 4-3 lead with 1:21 to play.
The Sharks got Niemi out of the net in the final minute for an extra attacker, but was unable to get anything going before time expired.
"Yeah, it was a good breakout. Toffoli made a great shot and luckily it bounced right off my stick," said Lewis. "We know we didn't play our best so we got some work to do and clean things up. It's a big comeback for our team and it's a huge win for us."
The Kings opened the scoring just 3:06 in as Carter flew down the right wing and let fly with a wrist shot that beat Niemi for his fourth of the playoffs.
Quick turned away 11 shots in the first period, and the Kings took a 2-0 lead 4:10 into the second on a power-play goal.
With Scott Hannan in the box for interference, Doughty blasted a big shot from the top of the right circle that found the left corner of the net through bodies in front for his second of the playoffs.
The Sharks, though, finally got one through Quick thanks to crisp passing. Dan Boyle held the puck at the left boards and sent it to the slot where Logan Couture sent a pass over to the right side with his back turned. Joe Thornton received the pass and quickly sent it to the front where Marleau had an easy tap-in for his fifth of the postseason near the midway mark of the second.
It was a tie game just over four minutes later as Scott Gomez sent a short pass from the left point over to the right where Stuart ripped a shot that deflected in front and went past Quick for his first of the playoffs.
The Sharks took a 3-2 lead at 8:56 of the third while on a delayed penalty to Los Angeles that saw Vlasic jam it in from the right side for his first career playoff goal.
Game Notes
Los Angeles went 3-for-6 on the power play while the Sharks were held off the board on four man advantages ... This marks just the second postseason meeting between these two Pacific Division rivals. The Sharks got the best of the Kings in six games during the 2011 conference quarterfinals ... Stoll missed the game.


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The atomic rates for nickel are less accurate, and less well debugged, than those for other elements. It is recommended that any model be run first with the nickel abundance set to zero. Substantial differences between models with zero and non-zero nickel, in terms of temperature, opacity, etc., should be treated with great caution.
Similar comments apply to elements introduced in version 2.2: Li, Be, B, odd-Z elements between F and K, plus the iron-peak elements (except for Fe itself). Many of the rates for these elements are scaled hydrogenic, most ions with 3 or more electrons have a level structure which is assumed hydrogenic. Quantitative results affected by these elements should be regarded as reliable only for highly ionized models, which are dominated by H- or He-like ions.