text:
No. 92,522
1. A claim of multiplicity may be raised for the first time on appeal when necessary to serve the ends of justice and prevent a denial of fundamental rights.
2. Multiplicity is the charging of a single offense in several counts of a complaint or information. The reason multiplicity must be considered is that it creates the potential for multiple punishments for a single offense in violation of the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution and section 10 of the Kansas Constitution Bill of Rights.
3. In this case, there was only one victim and two technical acts of violence--rape and battery--occurring at approximately the same time and place. As held in other cases, the rape and battery appear to be a series of violent acts occurring simultaneously, and the perpetrator thus cannot be charged and convicted of both crimes.
4. A lay witness may testify regarding external appearances and manifest medical conditions readily apparent to anyone.
5. Under the facts of this case, the victim was competent to testify that she had an overbite as a result of not wearing a retainer; therefore, it was reasonable for her during rebuttal to provide her opinion regarding the comparison of the bite marks in the photographs with her own bite, which she had observed on previous occasions.
6. Reversible error based on prosecutorial misconduct must show the alleged error denied the defendant his or her right to a fair trial under the Fourteenth Amendment. A two-step process is used to analyze allegations of prosecutorial misconduct. First, we must decide whether the comments were outside the wide latitude for language and manner that a prosecutor is allowed when discussing the evidence. The second step requires the court to decide whether the prosecutor's remarks constitute plain error, i.e., whether the statements were so gross and flagrant as to prejudice the jury against the defendant and deny the defendant a fair trial, requiring reversal.
7. Under the facts of this case, he prosecutor's comment, "you know a rapist," was outside the considerable latitude allowed in discussing the evidence, but the defendant has failed to establish that the closing argument was so gross and flagrant that it denied him a fair trial. No ill will on the prosecutor's part is evidenced by the statement.
Appeal from Douglas District Court; MICHAEL J. MALONE, judge. Opinion filed September 30, 2005. Affirmed in part and reversed in part.
Patrick H. Dunn, assistant appellate defender, for appellant.
Brenda J. Clary, assistant district attorney, Charles Branson, district attorney, and Phill Kline, attorney general, for appellee.
Before GREEN, P.J., HILL and CAPLINGER, JJ.
HILL, J.: In this case Patrick C. Neal punched his rape victim in the face several times. As a result, he was convicted of aggravated battery as well as rape. He now seeks to overturn the aggravated battery conviction. Because a single offense may not be divided into separate parts and the striking of the victim here occurred during a continuous series of events, we reverse Neal's conviction for aggravated battery.
We also examine other claimed trial errors of improper rebuttal testimony, prosecutorial misconduct during closing argument, and cumulative trial error, but we reject them.
Case History
This crime was committed in Lawrence. The victim, D.G., agreed to give Neal a ride home from a bar in June 2003. On the way, they stopped at a Kwik Shop to use the restroom and get gas. When they arrived at Neal's apartment, he asked D.G. to give him a "stand-up hug." D.G. got out of the car and gave Neal a hug. According to D.G., Neal lifted her off of the ground and carried her into a grassy area on the side of the apartment building where it was more concealed from the street. He then pinned her on the ground and raped her. D.G. testified that during the rape, Neal choked her and punched her in the face. D.G. denied consenting to the sexual encounter and fought her assailant with all the might she could muster. After she was allowed to leave, D.G. drove to the first open place she could find–a Walgreens drugstore–and told the clerks she needed help.
Neal's version of the events differs. He contended that they went to his apartment to "hang out with each other." According to Neal, the sexual activity was consensual. But when D.G. bit him on the shoulder, he "lost [his] temper" and hit D.G. in the face three times and grabbed her around the neck.
A jury convicted Neal of rape and aggravated battery. He was acquitted of aggravated sodomy and aggravated kidnapping charges. The district court sentenced Neal to 267 months for rape and a concurrent 12 months for aggravated battery.
Neal argues that his aggravated battery and rape convictions are multiplicitous because the force that formed the basis of his aggravated battery conviction was the same force the State used to support his rape conviction. Multiplicity is a term Kansas courts use to describe the illegal practice of prosecuting a single wrongful act as several crimes.
Our rule of review is clear. "Whether convictions are multiplicitous is a question of law subject to unlimited review. [Citation omitted.]" State v. Groves, 278 Kan. 302, 304, 95 P.3d 95 (2004). While Neal failed to raise the multiplicity issue at trial, a claim of multiplicity may be raised for the first time on appeal when necessary to serve the ends of justice and prevent a denial of fundamental rights. 278 Kan. at 303-04.
"'"Multiplicity is the charging of a single offense in several counts of a complaint or information. The reason multiplicity must be considered is that it creates the potential for multiple punishments for a single offense in violation of the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution and section 10 of the Kansas Constitution Bill of Rights."' [Citation omitted.]" Groves, 278 Kan. at 304.
This means that the State may not split a single offense into separate parts where there is a single wrongful act which does not furnish the basis for more than one criminal prosecution. However, where the criminal conduct of the defendant supports convictions for more than one crime, K.S.A. 21-3102 provides statutory authority for multiple convictions even though the criminal conduct of a defendant consists of a single transaction. State v. Mincey, 265 Kan. 257, 262, 963 P.2d 403 (1998).
"'[U]nder Kansas law, crimes are multiplicitous where: (1) the crimes merge, that is, they constitute a single wrongful act, and the same evidence is required to prove both crimes; but if each offense requires proof of a fact not required in proving the other, the offenses do not merge; and (2) one offense is an included offense of the other as provided under K.S.A. 21-3107(2). As a result, the defendant's convictions must be analyzed not only under the traditional elements test as set forth in [State v. Garnes, 229 Kan. 368, 372-73, 624 P.2d 448 (1981),] but also under the legislative test for determining whether one offense is an included offense of the other.' [Citation omitted.]" State v. Winters, 276 Kan. 34, 42, 72 P.3d 564 (2003).
Neal maintains that because, under the State's theory, the rape and aggravated battery were "one continuing unbroken act of force," the convictions are multiplicitous.
Whether Neal's convictions are multiplicitous depends to a great extent on the facts. Neal testified that the entire encounter lasted 15-25 minutes. But when D.G. bit him on the shoulder, he "lost [his] temper." Neal claimed he grabbed the back of D.G.'s necklace and pulled her down; she then slapped him. Neal "got mad" and hit her. Neal admitted that he hit D.G. in the face three times but claims that during this, D.G. began hitting him back. Neal admitted to grabbing D.G. around the neck when she bit him to calm her down and stop her from hitting him. According to Neal, the battery was "[f]airly quick" and then he felt bad and apologized. His attorney argued to the jury that Neal may be guilty of battery, but not rape.
On the other hand, D.G. testified that Neal carried her into the grassy area on the side of the apartment building and dumped all of his weight on her body, pinning her down on the ground. Because she was screaming, Neal wrapped his right hand around her throat and squeezed so she would stop. He then pulled her pants off and ripped off her underwear. Every time Neal would take his hands off of D.G.'s neck, she would scream. According to D.G., Neal "started sticking his fingers in [her] vagina" and she started screaming so he "grew very angry that [she] was screaming" and hit her in the eye with a closed fist.
Neal again inserted his fingers into D.G.'s vagina; she screamed and tried to fight back. Neal pulled his right hand back in a clenched fist and said, "'Do you want me to beat you again?'" He then continued raping D.G. and had his hands around her throat and slammed her head into the ground several times. D.G. testified that she lost consciousness twice because Neal was squeezing her throat so tightly. According to D.G., at one point Neal turned her over and made her get on her hands and knees. Neal then inserted something into D.G.'s vagina and anus.
D.G. testified that she distinctly remembered Neal hitting her in the face at least twice. When asked by the State what Neal was doing prior to hitting her, she said, "[H]e had his hands inside of me." According to D.G., after a while Neal stopped attacking her. Neal then asked D.G. if she wanted to get into his car with him. D.G. told him that she had to pick up her roommate, gathered her clothes, and ran to her car. D.G. denied consenting to any sexual activity with Neal.
Because the jury convicted Neal of rape, we conclude that the jury believed D.G.'s version of the events. This court does not reweigh evidence or redetermine the credibility of witnesses. State v. Mays, 277 Kan. 359, 363, 85 P.3d 1208 (2004). Under D.G.'s version, the rape and battery appear to have been a continuous series of events.
Our Supreme Court has stated that the only remaining test for multiplicity is the common-law elements test. State v. Schuette, 273 Kan. 593, 601, 44 P.3d 459 (2002). Under the elements test, crimes are multiplicitous where all the "elements of the lesser crime are identical to some of the elements of the crime charged." K.S.A. 2004 Supp. 21-3107(2)(b). But, in Groves, the court cautioned that the lesser included analysis under K.S.A. 21-3107 does not affect the single act of violence paradigm concerning multiplicity. 278 Kan. at 305.
In Groves, the defendant grabbed the victim's purse in a parking lot. During the struggle, the victim was thrown to the ground, suffering a fractured sacrum. The jury convicted Groves of aggravated robbery and aggravated battery. Groves appealed, arguing his convictions were multiplicitous because they arose out of the same act of violence. Groves, 278 Kan. at 303.
The court stated: "Kansas has recognized some form of the 'single act of violence' paradigm for years. [Citation omitted.]" 278 Kan. at 307. Therefore, the court determined that, under the specific facts of the case, the single act of violence test applied and controlled, "especially since the pushing down and purse robbing did not just occur at 'approximately the same time and place,' but apparently they were both virtually contained in one physical motion." 278 Kan. at 307.
An earlier example is found in State v. Cathey, 241 Kan. 715, 741 P.2d 738 (1987), where Cathey and his brother beat and shot the victim, believing he had beaten their brother. Cathey was convicted of aggravated battery and attempted murder but appealed, arguing his convictions were multiplicitous. The court examined the case and held:
"Where there is only one victim and two acts of violence--a beating and a shooting--occurring at approximately the same time and place, the person who inflicts such injuries cannot be charged with both aggravated battery and attempted murder. To hold otherwise would be inconsistent with our reasoning in Garnes that when a series of violent acts occurs simultaneously, it is multiplicitous to charge both aggravated battery and attempted first-degree murder." 241 Kan. at 719-20.
In State v. Garnes, 229 Kan. 368, 372-74, 624 P.2d 448 (1981), the court had determined an aggravated battery conviction was not multiplicitous with an attempted murder conviction because the shooting that supported the aggravated battery conviction occurred at an earlier time and place. The shooting was a separate and distinct act from the stabbing, running over, and abandoning that later occurred in a different location. However, since the stabbing, which supported the aggravated battery conviction, occurred simultaneously with the running over of the victim and abandoning her, the aggravated battery by stabbing conviction was multiplicitous with the attempted murder conviction. 229 Kan. at 372-74.
The battery and rape here are similar to the beating and shooting in Cathey. Here, there was only one victim and two technical acts of violence--rape and battery--occurring at approximately the same time and place. As in Cathey and Garnes, the rape and battery appear to be violent acts occurring simultaneously and the perpetrator cannot be charged with and convicted of both crimes.
But we cannot stop there. Not only the sequence of events must be considered in analyzing multiplicity. In State v. Perry, 266 Kan. 224, 230, 968 P.2d 674 (1998), the defendant beat the victim into unconsciousness and then shot her. He was convicted of aggravated battery and attempted first-degree murder. Perry appealed, arguing that his convictions were multiplicitous because there was only one single criminal act. Our Supreme Court stated that in analyzing whether there were two distinct criminal acts, it must consider the State's complaint, the jury instructions, and the evidence presented at trial. Because the State's charging document did not distinguish between the beating and shooting, the jury instructions did not require the jury to distinguish between the pistol whipping and the shooting, and the evidence did not indicate distinct acts, the convictions were multiplicitous. Thus, the court reversed the aggravated battery conviction because it could not be said that the convictions did not arise out of a single wrongful act. 266 Kan. at 230.
The State argues that the victim's testimony, medical testimony, and photographic exhibits establish that Neal went far beyond the force used to accomplish rape. Yet, the same act of violence, which could include throwing the victim to the ground, choking her, punching her, and slamming her head into the ground, has been used to prove both crimes. There was no distinction made in the charging document or jury instructions about what acts of violence constituted the force or fear to support the rape charge versus what acts constituted the great bodily harm to support the aggravated battery charge. The verdict forms provide no distinction. Likewise, the evidence presented at trial does not indicate that the convictions for rape and aggravated battery did not arise out of a single wrongful act. Therefore, when we apply the single act of violence paradigm, the facts of this case lead us to conclude that Neal's convictions for rape and aggravated battery are multiplicitous.
Furthermore, an additional problem with the State's argument that the battery went "far beyond the force used to accomplish rape" is its imprecision. How much force is necessary to rape someone? By what gauge do we measure violence? Is not each victim unique? This was a horrible crime committed with great continuous violence during its entire course; therefore, the application of single act of violence paradigm is appropriate here.
We now turn to Neal's other claimed errors.
Rebuttal Testimony
Neal contends the admission of D.G.'s rebuttal testimony about her overbite violated his right to a fair trial, arguing that her testimony was cumulative and provided no specialized guidance for the jury.
Neal's theory of defense was that he and D.G. had a consensual sexual encounter that escalated into battery when D.G. bit him on the shoulder. Neal also testified that D.G. playfully bit his arm while they were dancing at the bar before D.G. gave him a ride home. D.G. testified in the State's case in chief that Neal had informed her that some girl was joking with him in the bar and bit him on the shoulder. The defense offered into evidence two photographs taken by police officers that depict bite marks on Neal's right shoulder and right arm. According to a detective's report, Neal said the bite marks were from "[s]ome girl at the bar."
Following the defense's case presentation, the State called D.G. as a rebuttal witness to testify regarding the bite marks. Over defense objection, the court allowed D.G.'s testimony for the limited purpose of "allowing her teeth to be shown and explain[ing] her teeth to the jury" because the State did not have prior notice of testimony regarding the bite marks.
During rebuttal, D.G. testified that during the sixth and seventh grade, she had braces. After the braces were removed, she was supposed to wear a retainer but did not. Because of this, D.G. has "quite a pronounced overbite." According to D.G., she had observed "something" that she had bitten in the past, and her overbite appeared very evident. D.G. testified that the bite marks in the photographs are not consistent with her bite pattern. D.G. showed her overbite to the jury.
Upon cross-examination, D.G. admitted she had not visited with any experts to determine if the particular bite marks in the photographs matched her bite. Her testimony was simply based on her experience.
Neal erroneously contends that rebuttal evidence must come from a new, independent source. But rebuttal evidence need not be from a different source. See State v. Synoracki, 253 Kan. 59, 65, 853 P.2d 24 (1993). Moreover, contrary to Neal's assertion, D.G. did not specifically testify in rebuttal that she did not bite Neal. Although this assertion could be inferred from her testimony that the bite marks were inconsistent with her overbite, D.G's testimony could not be considered cumulative because it did not restate facts provided in her original testimony.
Next, Neal contends the State's questioning of whether D.G.'s bite pattern was consistent with the photographs was contrary to K.S.A. 60-456 and violated his right to a fair trial. According to Neal, this testimony was erroneous because "the State presented no testimony to suggest that D.G. had any sort of specialized training or knowledge of bite pattern analysis that would allow her to better compare her teeth to the exhibits."
D.G.'s testimony both contradicted Neal's testimony and corroborated her earlier testimony. The State is not required to anticipate defense testimony and provide anticipatory witness testimony in its case in chief. See State v. Willis, 240 Kan. 580, 583, 731 P.2d 287 (1987). A witness is not precluded from corroborating his or her prior testimony during rebuttal. See Synoracki, 253 Kan. at 65. As such, it cannot be said the trial court abused its discretion in the admission of D.G.'s rebuttal testimony. See State v. Hayes, 239 Kan. 443, 445-46, 720 P.2d 1049 (1986) (not improper for State to call witness to rebut defense witness' testimony of trauma in forcible rape cases when case in chief limited to specific circumstances of rape case).
Primarily, Neal maintains that D.G. was an improper lay witness. Again, the admission of evidence lies within the discretion of the trial court. "If reasonable persons could differ as to the propriety of the action taken by the trial court, then it cannot be said that the trial court abused its discretion. One who asserts that the court abused its discretion bears the burden of showing such abuse of discretion. [Citation omitted.]" State v. Jenkins, 272 Kan. 1366, 1378, 39 P.3d 47 (2002).
K.S.A. 60-456 allows lay opinions if the court finds them rationally based on the witnesses' perceptions:
"(a) If the witness is not testifying as an expert his or her testimony in the form of opinions or inferences is limited to such opinions or inferences as the judge finds (a) may be rationally based on the perception of the witness and (b) are helpful to a clearer understanding of his or her testimony."
A lay witness may testify regarding external appearances and manifest medical conditions readily apparent to anyone. Hiatt v. Groce, 215 Kan. 14, 21, 523 P.2d 320 (1974). Therefore, D.G. was competent to testify that she had an overbite as a result of not wearing a retainer. Furthermore, it was reasonable for her during rebuttal to provide her opinion regarding the comparison of the bite marks in the photographs with her own bite, which she had observed on previous occasions. There is no error here.
Misconduct During Closing
Neal claims the following statements made by the prosecutor in his closing argument amount to prosecutorial misconduct:
"When we first started this case, when we did jury selection, I asked each of you--actually as a group, all thirty-six of you at that time--do you know what a rapist looks like. Now, Mr. Miller would have you think that [D.G.] should have known better when she was at the Kwik Shop, because by that time Patrick Neal was already putting his hands on her.
"She knew him as 'Chris' at that time. Chris was putting his hands on her. And she should have known better than to give this guy a ride home the rest of the way unless she was ready to have sex with him, because she could have gotten away from him at the Kwik Shop.
"But, ladies and gentlemen, you didn't know what a rapist looked like before we started this trial. And until June 6th of 2003, [D.G.] didn't know either. She didn't know what awaited her in the dark corner of the parking lot of the defendant's apartment complex.
"If she had it to do over, would she do it differently? You can think about that all you want. You didn't know what a rapist looked like, but Mr. Miller would expect for [D.G.] to know at the Kwik Shop at 6th and Kasold.
. . . .
"She didn't know what a rapist looked like until June 6th of 2003. But now I submit to you, ladies and gentlemen, you know a rapist–
"MR. MILLER: Objection, Judge. From what he looks like, is that what she's saying?
"MS. WILSON: No, it's not.
"THE COURT: All right. Clarify that, please.
"MS. WILSON: You know a person who has committed the crime of rape. The person is in this courtroom. You've been looking at him for two-and-a-half days. This defendant is guilty of the crime of rape, of the crime of aggravated kidnapping, the crime of aggravated criminal sodomy, and the crime of aggravated battery."
Reversible error based on prosecutorial misconduct must show the alleged error denied the defendant his or her right to a fair trial under the Fourteenth Amendment. State v. Davis, 275 Kan. 107, 121-22, 61 P.3d 701 (2003). A two-step process is used to analyze allegations of prosecutorial misconduct. First, we must decide whether the comments were outside the wide latitude for language and manner that a prosecutor is allowed when discussing the evidence. The second step requires the court to decide whether the prosecutor's remarks constitute plain error, i.e., whether the statements are so gross and flagrant as to prejudice the jury against the defendant and deny the defendant a fair trial, requiring reversal. Davis, 275 Kan. at 121.
Factors to consider under the second step are whether the comments show ill will by the prosecutor, whether the evidence against the defendant was so overwhelming that the prosecutor's misconduct had little or no likelihood of having changed the result of the trial, and whether the trial court sanctioned the comment. State v. Scott, 271 Kan. 103, 115, 21 P.3d 516, cert. denied 534 U.S. 1047 (2001).
Each case is scrutinized on its own particular facts in light of the record as a whole to determine whether the misconduct is so prejudicial as to deny the defendant a fair trial. See State v. McCorkendale, 267 Kan. 263, 979 P.2d 1239 (1999).
In determining whether the first prong of the test is satisfied, this court must remember that the prosecution is given wide latitude in language and in manner of presentation as long as the argument is consistent with the evidence. Scott, 271 Kan. at 114. Where a trial court sustains an objection to a prosecutor's comments during closing argument, grounds for assertion of error do not remain unless the remarks are so prejudicial as to be incurable. State v. Webber, 260 Kan. 263, 286-87, 918 P.2d 609 (1996), cert. denied 519 U.S. 1090 (1997). In this case, Neal's objection was essentially sustained by the trial court. However, the court did not admonish the jury to disregard the prosecutor's statements. See State v. Washington, 275 Kan. 644, 672, 68 P.3d 134 (2003) (instance of alleged misconduct disregarded when trial court admonished jury). Thus, this court cannot dismiss Neal's argument of alleged misconduct; therefore, it must be determined whether the statements were so prejudicial as to be incurable.
Neal compares the prosecutor's comments in this case to closing arguments in State v. Scott, 271 Kan. at 113-14, and State v. McCray, 267 Kan. 339, 344-47, 979 P.2d 134 (1999). In Scott, the prosecutor stated during closing argument, "Yeah, you have about eight feet separating you from the hands of a killer right here." 271 Kan. at 114. The court determined that calling Scott a "killer" was improper because the word is inflammatory and its use was outside the scope of evidence upon which a prosecutor is permitted to comment. Because there was also no evidence of ill will on the part of the prosecutor, the court determined the comment was not so gross and flagrant as to have denied Scott a fair trial. 271 Kan. at 115.
In McCray, among many other complained-of comments, the prosecutor stated during closing argument:
"'Someone is responsible for the murder of Onzie. Somebody is, and that somebody, ladies and gentlemen, is only feet from you. That someone as you know is Damon LaShawn McCray. Look at him, ladies and gentlemen, you have to look at him. That's what a murderer looks like, ladies and gentlemen.'" McCray, 267 Kan. at 347.
The court held that the prosecutor's statements constituted error because it is improper for a prosecutor to inject his or her personal opinion of the defendant's guilt. 267 Kan. at 347. However, as in Scott, the court found that the prosecutor's numerous improper statements had little, if any, likelihood of having changed the result of the trial. 267 Kan. at 351.
The statement, "But now I submit to you, ladies and gentlemen, you know a rapist," is quite comparable to the improper statements in Scott and McCray. It seems from this statement the prosecutor was insinuating that the jury knew what a rapist looked like from looking at Neal. However, unlike the prosecutor in Scott calling the defendant a "killer" and the prosecutor in McCray specifically stating that the defendant was what a "murderer look[ed] like," the prosecutor here did not specifically call Neal a "rapist." Rather, it seems defense counsel's objection halted the prosecutor's improper comments.
The prosecutor's comment, "you know a rapist," was outside the considerable latitude allowed in discussing the evidence, but Neal has failed to establish that the closing argument was so gross and flagrant that it denied him a fair trial. No ill will on the prosecutor's part is evidenced by the statements. The prosecutor appears to be responding to defense counsel's assertion that D.G. could have left Neal at the Kwik Shop if she had any reservations. The comments constitute only a few lines in a trial transcript of over 1,200 pages.
The evidence in this prosecution is horrific. The State presented 68 exhibits during a 2-day trial, which corroborated D.G.'s testimony. The officer who first reported to Walgreens testified that D.G. appeared to have suffered quite a bit of trauma and was terrified when he took her back to the apartment building. Numerous photographs were admitted showing the physical injuries D.G. suffered. D.G.'s torn and muddy jeans, underwear, and bra were admitted into evidence. Likewise, D.G.'s artificial nails that were ripped off during the struggle were admitted. An officer testified D.G.'s underwear and fingernails were found in the area outside the apartment building.
Furthermore, Lori Tilson, a sexual assault nurse examiner, testified that D.G. exhibited general swelling and redness of the labia majora and minora consistent with blunt trauma. According to Tilson, D.G. suffered potentially life-threatening injuries, which were consistent with her story. Additionally, a forensic scientist and biologist for the KBI testified that tests revealed sperm on both the rectal and vaginal swabs of D.G. DNA tests of the sperm on D.G.'s vaginal swab matched the DNA tests of Neal's sperm.
We do not think that the comments denied Neal a fair trial.
Cumulative Error
Neal's final issue on appeal alleges that cumulative error deprived him of a fair trial.
"'"Cumulative trial errors, when considered collectively, may be so great as to require reversal of the defendant's conviction. The test is whether the totality of circumstances substantially prejudiced the defendant and denied the defendant a fair trial. No prejudicial error may be found upon this cumulative effect rule, however, if the evidence is overwhelming against the defendant."' [Citations omitted.]" State v. Kirby, 272 Kan. 1170, 1191-92, 39 P.3d 1 (2002).
In this case, the only error requiring reversal is the multiplicity of Neal's convictions. D.G.'s rebuttal testimony was not improperly admitted, and the prosecutor did not commit reversible misconduct in her closing argument. Thus, there is no trial error, cumulative or otherwise, that would require reversal of Neal's rape conviction.
Affirmed in part and reversed in part.


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Vertebrate Zoology
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Vertebrate Zoology (formerly Zoologische Abhandlungen) is a scientific journal published by the Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung. The official website of the journal is at www.senckenberg.de/vertebrate-zoology. The journal is published in parallel in a print version and an online version according to the Creative Commons Licence. Only manuscripts in English language are considered for publication.
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text: For this 3D film, researchers at the DLR Institute of Planetary Research used imagery acquired by the German camera system on board NASA's Dawn spacecraft from a distance of about 2700 kilometres above the asteroid's surface. Viewed through red-green glasses, the asteroid's surface appears in 3D, pock-marked with countless craters. The journey takes visitors to the equatorial region, then the 'Snowman' craters, followed by one of the highest mountains in the Solar System.


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Administrator setup for GSMMO
This page is for administrators who plan to deploy G Suite Migration for Microsoft® Outlook (GSMMO) to their users. To install GSMMO yourself and begin using it, you should instead see the GSMMO user help.Overview
GSMMO lets individual users migrate their own calendar, contact, and email data from Microsoft Exchange or from local PST files to a G Suite account. Administrators can use the command-line version of the utility to migrate data on behalf of a single user.
Note: Only personal contacts are migrated for each user. In order for your Global Address List, including shared contacts, to be available to users, an administrator has to migrate that data first with a utility like Google Cloud Directory Sync.
Each user's machine that runs the migration utility needs to have the following minimum configuration:
- Microsoft Windows®:
Windows Vista (32 bit) SP1
Windows Vista (64 bit) SP1
Windows 7 and 8 (32 and 64 bit)
Windows 10 (32 and 64 bit)
Regardless of which version of Windows you are using, we recommend that you upgrade to the latest patches for that version.
Before your users can migrate data, you have to provision accounts for them in G Suite. See create a new user for details. Each user, including any G Suite administrators, must also sign in to their G Suite account at least once, to accept the Google Terms of Service.
In addition to provisioning user accounts in G Suite, you can also:
- Create nicknames for your users that match aliases they had on your Exchange Server
- Create groups that match the mailing lists on your Exchange Server
- Add domain aliases
Before your users migrate their data, you can migrate your shared contacts to G Suite so that your users have immediate access to your full address list.
For information about migrating contacts, see:
After you have configured G Suite, verified the Windows system requirements on each client machine, provisioned your users in G Suite, and migrated your shared contacts, your next step is to install G Suite Migration for Microsoft Outlook on each user's computer.
You have two options for installation:
- Push an .msi to your users, and let them use the Run Advertised Programs option in the Windows Control Panel. Download the .msi file below (be sure to pick the correct version for your users' version of Outlook). For information on implementing the .msi file, consult your Windows documentation.
Download the GoogleAppsClientMigration.msi:
- Let your users get the utility from the GSMMO download page, and complete the installation themselves.
To run the installer:
Double-click OutlookMigrationSetup.exe, then click Run.
The utility is installed in the following location:
C:\Program Files\Google\Google Apps Migration\ClientMigration.exe
Run only one instance of the utility on a computer, and run only one instance of the utility for each user.
For detailed information about using the utility to perform migrations, see the GSMMO Help Center.


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The dashboard warning system is an effective tool that alerts you to one or more problems with your vehicle. Dashboard warning lights, or indicator lights, appear in the instrument cluster. Depending upon your vehicle, a warning may appear as either text, a symbol, or both. Generally, symbols are universal or very similar in appearance across different makes and models of vehicles. If you are unfamiliar with the symbol, you can consult your owners manual for its meaning. In many modern vehicles, dashboard warnings are color-coded. Yellow, orange, and red generally tell motorists to seek service shortly. When the text or symbol flashes, drivers should seek service immediately. Green and blue alerts also exist, and these are intended as informational pop-ups meant to inform you that something is in operation. Dashboard indicator lights exist for oil, tire pressure, lights, brakes, and more.
Drivers who heed dashboard warnings may save money in the long run and ultimately help ensure their own safety. When a warning light on your dashboard alerts you to one or more problems, bring your vehicle in for a dashboard warning diagnostic. Equipped with the right tools, our friendly staff will inspect your dashboard indicator lights and use special equipment to verify and help fix automotive issues. From underinflated and overinflated tires to low oil levels and faulty lighting systems, our employees are ready to use our diagnostic testing tools to read and interpret the messages from your vehicle's dashboard warning system. In the event that your dashboard warning system is malfunctioning and sending out a false warning, our expert staff can also be of service.
We proudly service the Dashboard Warning Diagnostic needs of customers in Lunenburg, MA, Ayer, MA, Shirley, MA, and surrounding areas.
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Seeley Automotive Services is a pillar of the Lunenburg, MA community. Seeley Automotive Services is a leader in offering name brand tires, wheels, auto repair and brake services for customers located in and around the Lunenburg, Massachusetts area. Our goal is to focus on customer service. It is the foundation of our business. Seeley Automotive Services employs a well-trained staff specializing in the sale and installation of passenger car, performance and light truck or SUV tires. Complete under-car services, such as oil changes, brakes, shocks, struts, alignment, and transmission fluid flush for both foreign and domestic vehicles are readily available at competitive prices. Take this opportunity to browse Seeley Automotive Services website or call us for personalized service.


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Online registration will be available on the Tuesday after registration begins. Visit https://registration.sanmarinorec.org/. A $2 convenience fee will apply.
You may bring your registration form and payment to the Recreation Department located at 1560 Pasqualito Dr. San Marino, CA 91108 between the hours of 8am and 5pm Monday through Thursday. We are closed on Fridays.
Simply Mail your registration form with a check payable to the "City of San Marino" for class fees (enclose separate checks for lab fees made payable to the instructor) and mail to the following address:
San Marino Recreation Department
1560 Pasqualito Dr.
San Marino, CA 91108
General Information:
For more specific information on all programs and classes offered, please view our current Guide.
Registration Form
Transportation Form


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You will get the real taste of the blueberry, providing a nice throat hit you would crave for.
All of our e-juices use only the finest ingredients and we feel what sets us apart is not only our use of the best flavorings on the market, but how much of those flavorings we use.
Rest assured knowing that when you purchase our eliquid that you're recieving the highest quality ingredients on the market. The VG and PG we use is 100% Pharmaceutical grade, and the nicotine is 99.9% pure pharmaceutical grade also. All of the ingredients in our products are safe for human consumption and are 100% natural.


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* Fee is only 1% for homes over $350,000. Call for details. 6% used for comparison purposes only. Commissions may be negotiable and are not established by law. Each Office Independently Owned & Operated. The information herein is deemed to be accurate but not guaranteed. All information to be verified.
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Fear Effect 2 is a prequel, so you can play it first, but you'll appreciate some elements more if you played FE1 before it.
Crash Bandicoot 1/2/3I was a little kid back then but im sure id still have a lot of fun with these games
I miss a lot of the good ol' horror games on the PSX...
It came to me in a dreamhttp://youtu.be/5aI3Q0cOsh8Nightmare Creatures!!(It actually looks decent, except for the terrible draw distance)


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US immigration officials paid a surprise visit about 15 years ago to Anna Johnson's screen-printing and embroidery shop here.
Though she had carefully checked the papers employees provided when she had hired them, Ms. Johnson recounts, some IDs turned out to be fakes. She lost 28 employees – more than half her workforce – in one day. The loss, she says, cost her business hundreds of thousands of dollars.
Today, she is thrilled to be using the federal E-Verify program, a Web-based system that combines databases of US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and the Social Security Administration so that employers can electronically verify the employment eligibility of newly hired employees. She is among some 20,200 Arizona employers now turning to the program in compliance with a new state mandate: Use E-Verify to weed out undocumented workers or face losing your business license if caught "knowingly" hiring them.
Judging from the anecdotal experience of several employers here, the program is working as intended. E-Verify works pretty smoothly, they say, and they like having the US government verify employees' eligibility rather than trying to determine for themselves whether documents provided are legitimate. They also note that fewer undocumented workers are applying for jobs here, as more Arizona employers start using E-Verify.
Known formerly as the Basic Pilot Program, E-Verify was first developed in 1997 in the wake of a 1996 immigration reform law and was set up as a voluntary aid to companies. But in addition to Arizona, four states – Georgia, Colorado, Oklahoma, and Missouri – now mandate the use of E-Verify, according to Sheri Steisel, an immigration policy expert at the National Conference of State Legislatures in Washington. Legislation is pending in 13 additional states that would mandate public or private employers to verify the status of new hires using E-Verify.
"In the absence of the federal government coming to consensus on immigration reform and enforcement, states are left to try to do the best they can," Ms. Steisel says. "States are looking to other states and trying to tailor [legislation] to their own experience."
Since last July, when Arizona Gov. Janet Napolitano (D) signed the employer sanctions bill, the number of Arizona employers participating in E-Verify leapt from some 300 to 20,200 as of Feb. 23. Arizona employers make up about one-third of the firms who use E-Verify nationwide. Overall, participants in E-Verify rose from 14,000 a year ago to nearly 54,000 employers today. USCIS officials say that, on average, 1,000 more employers are signing up to use E-Verify each week.
Likely to affect the economy
Arizona won't begin prosecuting violators until March 1, so there's little hard evidence available to evaluate the effort so far. Civil libertarians and immigrant rights advocates have said the program could lead to widespread discrimination and is not as yet foolproof. Illinois, in fact, has prohibited its employers from using E-Verify until the system is improved.
Some 450,000 to 500,000 illegal immigrants live in Arizona, and most work in construction, agriculture, manufacturing, and leisure and hospitality industries, says Judith Gans, an immigration policy expert at the University of Arizona's Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, in Tucson. If the program is indeed prompting undocumented workers in Arizona to move on to other states in search of jobs or to return to their native countries – as Ms. Gans says the anecdotal evidence suggests – the state economy is likely to be affected.
"It will take time to disentangle what happens in those industries because of the absence of workers or how much of it is part of the general economic downturn we're experiencing," says Gans.
Worker status within seconds
Marcy Curtis, whose husband owns Rieth Auto Stores in Mesa, Ariz., signed up for E-Verify in October. She didn't have to use it, however, until last week, when Rieth hired its first new worker this year.
She sat down at her computer, rolled up her sleeves, and said a bit nervously, "Here goes." She entered her user name and password, as if signing onto her online bank account. Then the system prompted her to enter the new employee's name, gender, birth date, and Social Security number.
Within two seconds, "Employment Authorized" flashed on the screen.
"Wow," she says, "that's much easier than I thought it would be." Enrolling in the system had been much more cumbersome, she explains, and she had worried that this process would take time out of her workday that she doesn't have. Enrollment required her to read through about 150 pages of information, and then spend a couple of hours answering pretest questions and an online questionnaire.
"People forget that we have been in the midst of immigration reform debate for the past couple of years," says USCIS spokeswoman Marie Sebrechts. "Arizona in that sense was not difficult at all for us to absorb because we were expecting numbers to be much higher because of the pending [federal] legislation."
Johnson has voluntarily used E-Verify for the past two years. She says she was so worried after the initial surprise audit, then a letter a few years later from the Social Security Administration that questioned the documents eight of her employees had provided, that she was relieved to let the government be the judge of workers' documents.
Johnson says the biggest benefit to her is that ineligible employees don't apply in the numbers they once did.
"Probably 70 to 80 percent of employees were declined when I first started using it," Johnson says. "Word gets out in the Latino community that you're going to verify legality. Now it's like 10 percent are declined."
In her experience, she says, E-Verify has worked effectively and quickly, but she has encountered two mistakes. Both times prospective employees' requests came back as "tentative nonconfirmations" either because their birth dates didn't match their names or because their Social Security numbers didn't match their names. Sometimes, she says, it's simply a matter of retesting: Hispanics often have more than two names, and the key is to find out which one the government recognizes. Other times, those who have become naturalized US citizens just haven't reported that status to the Social Security Administration, which ties that information to the numbers.
Johnson says that in both cases the employees insisted they were legal, so she called USCIS and within minutes was able to verify their legal status.
According to Sebrechts of the USCIS, 93 percent of employers' queries are instantly verified as work-authorized, and 7 percent come back as tentative nonconfirmations. The employer notifies the prospective employee of that status, and the employee can contest, as in the case of Johnson's employees, or may just walk away if he or she is indeed not authorized to work in the US.


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A few recent nights out have been ruined by DJ's in clubs that fail really badly at beat matching tracks - it really grates when a new track is mixed in a quater of a beat early/late.
I was convinced that this wasn't really a hard thing to do - with a bit of practice i was able to match stuff up however, being a programmer came to the better conclusion that it shouldn't be too hard to write a program to do it automatically.
Dispite PHP being my usual language of choice,
found something that amused me during my browsing of the internet. The pirate bay, well known digital fredom activists (i think they also do torrents or something like that) are in the process of setting up a website titled the International Federation of Pirates Interests. might be well worth a look when they are done. For now the site is at www.ifpi.com
Updated 11th April 2008 at 06:10 AM by Carnage
Ok... week 2 of a new term should be about going out and drinking slightly less than you did in week 1 as you have some lectures and thisng to attend... this year however we have a bunch of important interviews for placements next year... As they are so important, i compiled an amusing list of things NOT to do during an interview.
1. Inform the interviewer that you have just lost the game. (explain the game rules* if he gives you an odd look)
2. Interview the interviewer.


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LYNCHBURG, Va. (AP) John Caleb Sanders scored 20 points to lead Liberty to a 74-47 rout of Longwood in a Big South Conference game Tuesday night.
Sanders scored 14 points in the second half, when the Flames (6-14, 2-4) pulled away after leading 33-27 at halftime.
Liberty made 60 percent of its shots (15 of 25) in the second half to Longwood's 29.2 percent (7 of 24).
Casey Roberts came off the bench for Liberty to score nine of his 12 points in the first half, including a pair of 3-pointers, and Tavares Speaks finished with 10 points.
Longwood (3-17, 0-6) remained winless in conference games in its first season in the Big South, and the Lancers now have lost 10 in a row.
Karl Ziegler scored 12 points to lead Longwood, making all eight of his free throws, and Tristan Carey added 10 points.


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Celebrity Family Pictures Week of Oct. 15, 2012
Celebaby Roundup
Celebaby Roundup
The pumpkin patch became a Los Angeles hot spot this weekend, as stars and their little ones added pumpkin picking to their usual itineraries of running errands and dining out. Alessandra Ambrosio took her kids, Noah and Anja, to Mr. Bones Pumpkin Patch in LA, while Ethan Hawke enjoyed the outdoors with Indiana in the Big Apple. Gavin Rossdale carried Zuma and a costume-clad Kingston in LA, as Jennifer Garner and Ben Affleck took their girls, Violet and Seraphina, to dinner nearby.
Much more excitement went down with the celebrities and their kids, so be sure to click through the rest of the adorable snaps from the weekend!


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Florida's poor take up residence in motels
In Orlando, families are staying in motels after hardships took their more stable homes away.
Dreams dashed when tourism jobs don't pan out.
Many of the hundreds of low-cost motels Florida house not tourists, but impoverished families who moved to the Sunshine State for jobs in the tourism industry and found that things did not work out as hoped.
"Many thought finding work in Florida would be easier and there is a perception that expenses cost less down here." says Beth Davalos, Director of Families in Transition, an organization in Seminole County that helps homeless families.
Florida's unemployment rate was slightly higher than the national average in December, and the state had the nation's highest foreclosure rate in 2012, according to RealtyTrac. A housing boom that went bust is still causing problems.
"Unskilled workers tend to flock to Florida when construction is booming," says Mark Vitner, senior economist at Wells Fargo Securities.
While job creation has been rising, many are still out of work and seeking the lowest cost spot for a home, like rooms at the Remington Inn in Altamonte Springs in northern Orlando just off Interstate 4.
The motel is in in the area surrounding Disney World, where counties saw 11.5% unemployment in January 2010. The rate has declined significantly since then.
On one strip of highway just steps from Florida's famous theme parks, an estimated 500 families are living in motels, according to Davalos.
Many migrated to Florida when the construction industry peaked in 2006 to 2008.
"Of those that stayed, many went to work in the retailing and hospitality sectors, while others remained unemployed for long periods of time," Vitner said.
Prostitution and drug dealing have been known to cause problems at some of the aging motels. Families with children sometimes lack decent kitchens so proper nutrition can be an issue.
The rate of homeless families in Florida increased by 12% last year; 8% of the families are living in motels, according to the Department of Education. The Cruz family is one such case.
Janet and Juan Cruz met at Disney World. Janet buffed the floors and Juan worked the night shift as a security guard. Today they are out of full-time work in a motel with their three children.
"I consider myself homeless." Janet Cruz said.
Ginevra Cutcher got a motel room at the Suburban Inn in Altamonte Springs but she and her husband, who has juvenile diabetes, couldn't pay the rent and wound up staying for a time in some woods nearby.
"My son Landon thought we were camping," she said, trying not to cry.


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Stop by Children's Books Forever to download your favorite, timeless classics from around the world. The books are in full color with illustrations your kids will love! There are book available in English, Afrikaans, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, … [Read more...]
You are here: Home / Archives for EnglishPlease note: This post contains affiliate links.


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The Tigers won the annual Beat Auburn, Beat Hunger Food Drive. The University of Alabama raised 266,737 pounds, while Auburn brought in 273,650 pounds, a total of more than 540,000 pounds of food for the West and East Alabama food banks.
TUSCALOOSA | There were no losers in this Iron Bowl.
The contest officially ended Monday, with Auburn winning the 19th annual Beat Auburn, Beat Hunger Food Drive.
Despite the initial shock and slight disappointment over the loss, student food drive director Andres Mendieta said he was still pleased with the results, which he announced Tuesday. The University of Alabama raised 266,737 pounds, while Auburn brought in 273,650 pounds, a total of more than 540,000 pounds of food for the West and East Alabama food banks.
"We exceeded our goal, and we both, Alabama and Auburn, did fantastic things for West and East Alabama food banks," he said. "Regardless of how it turned out, the drive was remarkably successful."
Partnering with the West Alabama Food Bank, UA's Community Service Center started the annual food drive in 1994 as a way to unite students, faculty, staff and community members in the fight against hunger. Adding a touch of competitiveness, a challenge was issued to Auburn University and the East Alabama Food Bank to see which campus and community could collect the most nonperishable items. Last year, Alabama won with 237,000 pounds compared with Auburn's 134,000. UA's goal this year was to raise 250,000 pounds.
Mendieta attributed the jump to increased awareness and community support.
"We really made an effort to go into the community, into more schools and businesses to collect food," he said.
There were 150 collection bins placed at locations throughout the campus and community, up from 100 last year. The student letter-writing campaign also increased this year, with students sending out 1,000 letters, compared with only 250 last year. Donations from the letter-writing campaign doubled, Mendieta said.
Two of UA's largest schools — arts and sciences and business — held their own competition, which brought in two rather large donations, including 800 cans of corn.
"Corn was a big one this year," he said. "I have many fond memories of picking up cans of corn. I was a little surprised, but every little bit helps."
When broken down, there were about 205,000 pounds of food and about $31,000 in monetary donations. By using a simple formula — every $1 equals 2 pounds of food — the food bank was able to calculate the final number.
"The big thing is always the end, seeing everything come together," Mendieta said. "It's great to beat Auburn, but what we're really doing is trying to alleviate food insecurity in Alabama, and we did that."
The annual food drive is one of the food bank's largest drives, and the donations brought in carries over to the spring when another large drive happens — the Postal Workers' Food Drive.
"The figures were so close, it's remarkable. It's easy to see that people really supported the drives," said Henry Lipsey, West Alabama Food Bank executive director. "No matter the results of the drive itself, the food bank is really the winner."
Reach Kim Eaton at email@example.com or 205-722-0209.


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Certain songs and sounds reach me in a way that is difficult to put in words. I've found that, were my life a movie or a play, specific melodies would have to be in the background. When I replay the events of my life, they come accompanied by songs.
While I was having one of those weeks at school, I discovered Fleet Foxes, thanks to "Ms. Cornelius" at A Shrewdness of Apes. I'm finding an indescribable kind of comfort in songs like "Tiger Mountain Peasant Song", "Mykonos", "Blue Ridge Mountains", and "White Winter Hymnal".
You can see Fleet Foxes' January 17 performance on Saturday Night Live here. And here is a short but beautiful video for "White Winter Hymnal". I loved it the first time I heard it.
Bilingual thoughts on life, language, learning, and all things Latina.
Saturday, January 24, 2009
Canciones que calman
Labels: music
3 comments:
- The Fearless Blog said...
I listened and watched all 3 videos but this one here on your blog is my favorite. The melody is soothing but the video is "chilling" in more ways that one. I am well aware of how "time flies" and leaves us confused and wondering where our life went. I ponder these thoughts often. Now all I need is a wheel I can spend in the other direction and gain back a few lost years. :)
- January 24, 2009 at 9:08 PM
- Stella said...
Oh...this is good Cassy! I like it! First time I am listening to this...
- January 25, 2009 at 4:06 PM
- "Ms. Cornelius" said...
I am glad that you liked this! I hope you enjoy!
- February 14, 2009 at 8:04 PM
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text: Advanced Engineering Management MSc: Systems Management OverviewCourse detailsLearning and teachingEmployabilityStudent life The Advanced Engineering Management Programme (AEMP) is delivered jointly by Birmingham Business School (BBS) and the College of Engineering and Physical Sciences (EPS), combining the expertise and strengths of both schools to offer a high quality, distinctive and flexible course. The programme introduces students to core management concepts in semester one before selecting one of four specialist pathways in semester two. Students also have the opportunity to choose a generalist pathway route, tailoring the course to their requirements. Find out more about the specialist pathways: Construction Management Operations Management Project Management Generalist Pathway Course details Quick links: Why study this course | Modules | Fees and Funding |Entry Requirements | How to apply Semester one modules are taken by all students to develop a firm base of general knowledge and techniques for further specialised management study. Delivered by leading academics in Birmingham Business School (BBS), the management content is research led, drawing on the expertise and reputation of BBS to help deliver a high quality experience for students. Topics include strategy, innovation, marketing, organisational behaviour and financial management. Semester two sees students move into a pathway of their choice, where the key management concepts tackled in the first semester will be complemented by the exploration of practical management applications by academics from the School of Engineering, drawing upon its wealth of research experience and industrial links. This new structure will allow us to present the core principles in semester one and then to demonstrate their application in semester two before you progress into the summer and the opportunity to investigate and develop a contemporary Engineering Management topic via a 60 credit research project.Examples of project titles: BP in the Global Oil Industry Human Resources Management at Royal Bank of Scotland Analysis of the Hellenic Steel Industry Strategic Repositioning of the BMW Group You can expect to be exposed throughout to up-to-date knowledge of current and future trends in the management of your chosen field whilst developing the skills of critical evaluation and analysis that you will need as an engineer of tomorrow. We look forward to welcoming you. Specialist pathways To apply and start studying on one of the specialist pathways, please visit the pathway programme pages; MSc Advanced Engineering Management: Construction Management MSc Advanced Engineering Management: Operations Management MSc Advanced Engineering Management: Project Management MSc Advanced Engineering Management: Generalist Pathway Study part-time The Advanced Engineering Management Programmes can be studied on a part-time basis over the duration of up to five years. Modules will be studied over a two-week period, therefore you can undertake one module per term or complete more if you would like to finish the course sooner. Module dates and times are yet to be confirmed, but if you have any queries about studying part-time you can contact email@example.com. Why study this course Developed to address the challenges faced by engineering graduates who move into general management or senior specialist roles, this innovative new programme will allow students to draw on the specialist expertise of both Birmingham Business School and the School of Engineering within the University of Birmingham. The flexibility this programme offers will allow students to specialise in a pathway most suited to their skills and career aspirations, or undertake a generalist route that will instil a broader insight into engineering management. Birmingham Business School is a global centre of teaching and research excellence, holding the 'Triple Crown' of international accreditations: AMBA, EQUIS and the AACSB. The MSc programmes in the School of Engineering are rooted in high-quality teaching and learning through enquiry-based and independent study, producing high calibre graduates equipped with the skills to excel in technical management. Students will benefit from our established links with industry, which can be utilised during the dissertation projects and form a solid networking base for prospective careers. Modules Core modules (semester 1) Strategic Innovation Management (20 credits) Organisational and Operations Management (20 credits) Marketing and Financial Management (20 credits) Pathway modules (semester 2) These modules will be aligned with the Systems Management pathway: Management Information Systems and Simulation (20 credits) Sustainable Construction (20 credits) Systems Engineering and Systems Thinking (20 credits) Dissertation project (semester 3) Dissertation (60 credits) The optional modules listed on the website for this programme may unfortunately occasionally be subject to change. As you will appreciate key members of staff may leave the University and this necessitates a review of the modules that are offered. Where the module is no longer available we will let you know as soon as we can and help you make other choices. Fees and funding For programme fees and information on further costs please visit our Fees and Financing page. Business School Scholarships may be available, find out more about our scholarships. International students can often gain funding through overseas research scholarships, Commonwealth scholarships or their home government; find out more. Postgraduate Loans for Masters students If you're an English-resident, or EU student, you may be eligible for a loan to study a taught or research Masters in any subject. The government-backed student loan will provide up to £10,280 in 2017. Detailed criteria and information regarding the application can be found on our postgraduate funding page. Questions about funding? Use our Student Help knowledge base to find the answer. For EU students applying for the 2020/21 academic year The UK Government has confirmed that EU students will continue to be eligible for 'home fee status' for entry in September 2020, and will continue to have access to eligible financial support via the Postgraduate Masters or Doctoral loan for the duration of their course. For more information visit the gov.uk website. You can also visit our EU Referendum information page for more information and updates. Entry requirements Entry requirements will be a minimum 2.1 BEng (Hons) or equivalent from a recognised institution. Applicants with professional qualifications and work experience would also be considered on a case-by-case basis, as well as applicants with BSc (Hons) degrees in Physical Sciences and Technology based subjects. Business School English language requirements apply (IELTS 6.5 with no less than 6.0 in any band). How to apply Monday 1 July 2019 is the application deadline for international students (Tier 4) who wish to study in the United Kingdom. We are not able to consider applications for 2019 made after this date. The deadline for Home/EU (non-Tier 4) students is Thursday 12 September 2019. Applications will reopen for 2020 entry in early October 2019. Monday 1 July 2019 is the application deadline for international students (Tier 4) who wish to study in the United Kingdom. We are not able to consider applications for 2019 made after this date. The deadline for Home/EU (non-Tier 4) students is Monday 12 September 2019. Applications will reopen for 2020 entry in early October 2019.When clicking on the Apply Now button you will be directed to an application specifically designed for the programme you wish to apply for where you will create an account with the University application system and submit your application and supporting documents online. Further information regarding how to apply online can be found on the How to apply pagesApply now OverviewLearning and teaching The home of Birmingham Business School is University House, conveniently situated on the edge of the main campus opposite the main gate of the University. To the elegant old house of 1908, that houses staff rooms and social space, a new multi-million pound state of-the-art teaching and learning complex has been added giving a unique combination of historic elegance and cutting-edge facilities. Our students benefit from advanced teaching technology. All fifteen lecture theatres and seminar rooms contain comprehensive audio-visual equipment and sound systems, as well as wireless connectivity and data projection. Three large PC clusters add to computing facilities already available to students across the campus. The main lecture theatre, seating 200, is often utilised outside term-time as a conference facility for local industry. Course detailsEmployability Careers in Business Careers in Business is a dedicated service for postgraduate Business School students. We'll help you in all aspects of your career management, from planning your job-seeking strategies, applying for jobs, preparing for interviews and assessment centres and developing your essential employability skills. At the start of your programme you will receive an email from our team, giving details of how you can access Careers in Business Online. Please get in touch to find out how our Careers in Business team can support you. Learn more about the service that our Careers in Business team can provide. Career development advice Our consultants offer an individual advice service, which includes: Career review and objective setting Job-seeking strategies CV review Application advice Interview and selection advice Working in the UK International work enquiries Skills coaching Employers aren't just looking for great qualifications. They want to see high-quality personal skills too, such as team working, leadership, presentation and interpersonal skills. Our Skills Development Consultants offer individual appointments to help you shape and hone these qualities. Keeping you up to date Our Employer Liaison Team regularly undertakes initiatives to attract employment/ project opportunities into the Business School. You can find information about vacancies and other openings on Careers in Business Online and on Business School noticeboards, as well as through the Careers and Employability Centre vacancy database . Careers events and workshops This is your chance to find out about employment opportunities, develop your skills and network with industry professionals. Our range of career management, personal development and employer events are a great opportunity to discover what's open to you upon graduation – just sign up to the events to take part. Using the Careers and Employability Centre Postgraduate students in the Business School are very welcome to use the services provided by the Careers and Employability Centre such as online vacancy listings, employer presentations and fairs and accessing online careers information. You can use the Careers in Business team for individual appointments, CV checking, mock interviews and other job search-related activities. Learning and teachingStudent life Employability


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Los Angeles Based Architectural Practice, Whipple Russell Architects
Welcome back, fellas! Do you love mountain very much? And wanna have home which is built near the mountain? Don't you worry again, fellas. Because here, I have some pictures which I will show you. These pictures is about modern house which is built near the mountain. So that, you will be easy in enjoying the wonderful mountain view.
From facade you will get luxury impression. It has two level design and painted in white. This home has large pavement and tress in small yard. With the perfect yellow lights, it creates deluxe nuance when you see it from outside. Then lets go to the pool.
This pool is in infinity design and has two steps. The first is in under and combined with wooden parquet floor. In this floor, it is completed with white single chair and table. It makes you easy when you wanna have sunbathing while enjoying the mount scene.Read more »


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A number of employees at Los Alamos National Laboratory were working in Technical Area 22 Thursday afternoon when some of the workers detected an unusual odor.
Employees at TA-22 routinely work with small quantities of chemicals, said Jeff Berger, the lab's communications director.
Six workers went to the LANL Occupational Medicine facility for examination. Medical personnel reportedly determined there were no injuries and the employees were released late Thursday afternoon.
Terese Ford, a physician at the Occupational Medicine facility, said the six lab employees came back to the clinic and were re-checked Friday morning and they were all released.
The lab hazmat team was dispatched to the scene as a precaution. Members of the hazardous materials unit were taking samples and conducting tests.
"They did some general air monitoring, checking for various odors," said Steve Sandoval of the LANL communications office on Friday morning.
"They used a chlorine-specific colometric detector tube and the tubes change colors if they detect certain odors. The reason they used chlorine-specific tubes was because one of the people said it smelled like chlorine. They could find nothing."
Sandoval said the building was open and the six employees were back at work Friday.
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the Los Alamos Monitor, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
Click the question mark below to see where your account ID appears on your mailing label.
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CHICAGO, May 18 (UPI) -- Brendan Smith netted the go-ahead goal in the second period Saturday and the Detroit Red Wings beat Chicago 4-1 to even their Stanley Cup semifinal series 1-1.
Henrik Zetterberg assisted on Smith's score early in the middle frame and helped out on a third-period tally by Valtteri Filppula for the Red Wings.
Damien Brunner and Johan Franzen scored for seventh-seeded Detroit, which returns home to host Games 3 and 4 in the forged a 1-1 tie in the Western Conference semifinals.
Jimmy Howard turned aside 19-of-20 shots in the victory.
Patrick Kane got the only goal for top-seeded Chicago. Corey Crawford made 13 saves for the Blackhawks.


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Badges and Check-In
From Annual 2008
If registration is received by the advance deadline, your badge will be mailed to you no later than two weeks before the conference. If you registered online after the advance deadline or your registration was faxed or postmarked after the deadline, you will need to pick up your badge at the Will Call/Corrections Counter at Registration in the Anaheim Convention Center.
Badges will not be sent to countries other than the U.S. and Canada. Residents of other nations may pick up badges at the Will Call/Corrections Counter in the Convention Center.


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Honda CERTIFIED!! NO UP-CHARGE for CERTIFICATION!! ALL WHEEL DRIVE!! ONE OWNER CRV LX!! BACKUP CAMERA!! BLUETOOTH!! Enjoy piece of mind in knowing American Honda warranties this vehicle up to 100,000 miles.Brilliance Honda offers flexible financing programs and an array of service and insurance products custom tailored for all drivers. Come see us at 680 W Terra Cotta AV Crystal Lake IL, 60014 to schedule a test drive and check out for yourself the Brilliance Honda experience. Our friendly team at Brilliance Honda is here to help, please call 815-459-6400.
Vehicle pricing includes all incentives. Tax, documentation fee, title and license not included in vehicle prices shown and must be paid by the purchaser. While great effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information on this site errors do occur so please verify information with a customer service rep. This is easily done by calling us at 815-459-6400 or by visiting us at the dealership.
*Number of views in last 30 days
† Based on 2016 EPA mileage ratings. Use for comparison purposes only. Your mileage will vary depending on how you drive and maintain your vehicle.
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(815) 459-6400Call Now
680 W. Terra Cotta Ave. • Crystal Lake, IL 60014Get Directions
Open Today! Sales: 9am-9pm
Open Today! Service: 6:30am-9pm


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Sox-wise and Otherwise…
My weekly off-season musings about the White Sox and more…
* With the White Sox out of the playoffs, "Sox-wise" it's really very boring these days. Other teams are competing and not a lot of Sox news. Anxious for the post-World Series rumors and deals.
* One bit of promising Sox news is that yesterday, in an Arizona Fall League game, Sox prospect Dayan Viciedo went 3 for 5 with a homer.
* If you're like me, you get annoyed when TV shows and movies set in Chicago try to show the flavor of the town by having the actors wear Cubs gear. It happened this week on the CBS series, The Good Wife, when one of the lead characters donned a Cubs cap. Not sure if I'll watch another episode–yes, for that reason.
* I'm waiting for a Hollywood ending where Jim Thome comes off the bench and hits a championship series-ending homer for the Dodgers against his former Phillie teammates to enable LA to reach the World Series.
* The best news for TV viewers watching Yankees-Angels is that Chip Caray is broadcasting the National League series.
* I'm sticking with the Yankees in the ALCS, but not with a lot of enthusiasm. Those Angels can be piranhas on steroids.
* Maybe it's because I've seen him consistently kill the Sox, but I always thought that Raul Ibanez would look great in a Sox uniform.
* While we're on the subject of wanting players, I want Chone Figgins on the South Side next season.
* The more I think about it, the more I think Paul Konerko will be traded this winter. He'll never be forgotten and has always been a pro's pro, but I get the vibe it's just time.
* Get well wishes to Carlos Quentin, who we need to have a HUGE 2010. Just had a pin removed from his injured wrist.


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Two To View - A Couple Of Amazing Videos You Don't Want To Miss
We hope you found this newsletter to be informative. It's our way of keeping you posted on the happenings here. If, however, you'd prefer not to receive these bulletins, click here.
(c)2018 Cornerstone Publishing Group Inc.
January, 2018


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Name: Mystery man
Gender: male
Hi Dr,
I was wondering how do I make my scrotum more looser? I like to jack-off with them loose for some odd reason…is it something natural where you cannot because its all about the temperature? Thank you, and e-mail me back when you respond! =) Thanks a bunch
Lots of guys are into stretching their balls; it's a very common practice (fetish). Like you suggest there's nothing like a pair of low-hangers slappin' against your junk as you pull your pud.
Oh, and you have the whole temperature thing backward. Your nuts hang outside and away from your body so they stay slightly cooler than you normal core body temperature. This keeps sperm production at its peak.
Think of the fun you'll have with a partner too. Do you know about tea baggin? It's all the rage, don't cha know! When you stretch out your balls, you'll be able to straddle your partner and do deep knee bends, while you're family jewels dip in and out of your partner's mouth as you proceed with your up and down motion.
Don't know a ball stretcher from a hole in your head? Not to worry. There are several kinds of devices, all encircle your sack above your balls and then either pushes your balls away from the body, or yanks down on your nuts. Most stretchers are made of soft leather, or metal, or a combination of both. Persistent use can stretch your sack a good 3 inches. By the way, the stretching itself can produce a very erotic sensation both in your balls and your testicle cords (vas deferens). See Dr Dick's Stockroom for the 411 on all things relating to stretching your balls
For example, check out this little number: The Parachute Ball Stretcher. This is a classic, handmade Parachute Ball Stretcher, made of black leather with a snap closure. The parachute snaps around the balls, and a metal O-ring hangs below, connected by three chains. The Parachute is adjustable and is made in two sizes. You can pull gently on the ring, or attach a leash, etc. Weights can also be attached, but for god sake, have your wits about you when you try this. You can injure yourself if not careful.
Name: Dan and Rebecca
Gender: Couple
Age: 25, 20
We are a happy but frustrated couple looking for advice. I'm a 25
year old male, and my lovely girlfriend is 20.
I have no problem bringing her to orgasm and pleasing her, but since we've been seeing each other I have not been able to cum once. In the past it was always difficult for me to cum during sex, my first time (age 18) my then gf and I went for about three hours before we just gave up. Usually I would have to jerk myself off afterwards but now I can't even do that.
However if I am alone with porn I am easily able to masturbate and can get off a few times a day. How is it that I can jerk off to pictures that mean nothing to me, but can't cum for the woman I love the most?
I've spoken with a doctor and he said medically there is nothing wrong with my penis. What do you suggest we do? We are really getting frustrated and just want to be able to please each other.
Simply put, there's a difference between the psychosexual response we have when we are alone and the one we experience with a partner. Your doctor is right, there's probably nothing wrong with your unit. It's all in your head…or your mind, to be more exact. And I'm not being flippant.
If I had to guess, I'd say you have a real bad case of performance anxiety. Here's how this nasty thing works. Say I have a less than satisfying sexual experience for one reason or another. Before I know it, I'm replaying the incident over and over in my mind's eye till that's all I can think about. The proverbial molehill has become a mountain. I bring my anxiety to my next encounter. My hyper-consciousness primes me for more disappointment. And I'm ready to interpret all disappointment as a failure. Well, you can see where I'm going with this, huh? My fears become self-fulfilling and I find I'm beginning to avoid sex, my relationship suffers, I develop a full-blown sexual dysfunction and my self-esteem takes a nosedive. My preoccupation with my problem makes it less likely that I'll be fully present during sex with my partner, which pretty much scuttles my sexual responsiveness and any hope for spontaneity.
It looks to me like performance anxiety is putting a damper on your sexual arousal and short-circuiting your sexual response cycle. Get thee to a sex-positive therapist ASAP, darling! Believe me this is nothing to fool around with, especially for someone at your tender age. When I see this sort of thing in my private practice, I always begin the therapeutic intervention by calling a moratorium on fucking of any kind. This immediately takes a great deal of the pressure off the couple. From there we begin to rebuild the partnered psychosexual response one step at a time. We begin with sensate focus training, stress reduction and relaxation exercises. I have the greatest confidence in this method; it succeeds over 90% of the time.
Good luck
Name: Gene
Age: 45
Location: Orlando
I am a homosexual, and I have a "friend" who has been incarcerated for five years. The relationship while he was out with me was excellent. I have asked him numerous of times is he having sex with the homo's in jail and he responds by saying no. I think otherwise, and he wants to come back to me upon his release. My question is "should I wait for him"?
Gene, Gene, Gene, there are so many things wrong with this picture, I hardly know where to start. Your man's in the big house for 5 years, and you expect him to keep it in his pants for the duration…just for you? Like WHY? Hey, he's in the clink, not in a monastery. Oh wait; even monks in the monastery don't keep it in their habit nowadays! At any rate, it may not be completely up to him if he has sex or not…if you catch my drift. Maybe he's someone's bitch right now, he's just not telling you about it.
Should you wait for him? You mean, all alone by yourself with no one to comfort you while your guys' doin' his time? This sounds like the script for a real bad 1950's prison movie. You could play the Linda Darnell part — the long-suffering girlfriend pining away while her good-for-nothing man pays his debt to society.
Honey, you need to get out more.
Name: omg
Age: 32
Location: al
Is it wrong for a married woman to want to masturbate when alone?
I doubt it. What could possibly be wrong with wanting to pleasure yourself when you are alone? As we all know, many women only get off through masturbation. Hell, nowadays liberated women folk everywhere are comfortable enough with their sexuality to jill-off with their partner.
Besides, there's no better way to get to know your body and your sexual response cycle than through self-pleasuring. Once you're well acquainted with how your body works, you'll have a whole lot how much information about how you tic that you can share with your partner when the time comes. It's a win/win situation.
While I'm at it, let me invite you to send me information about technique, style, fantasy, setting and perhaps implements used in your masturbation. I invite you to submit stories of your earliest experiences; failures as well as successes. You can contribute by using the comments section on the Jillin' Off page.
Name: JR
Age: 20
Location: Florida
Hi Dr. Dick. I've been having gay sex since I was 12, so it's not new to me but I have 2 problems. Problem 1 is that no matter what anyone does to me they can not make me cum. I have had people put it to the test by jerking me off, sucking me, fucking me and jerking me off, but it doesn't work. I can cum no problem if i do it on my own but the thing is my b/f feels like he can't please me. problem 2, my boyfriend is new to the whole being gay thing. we have been going out for about a year now and he has been the top. I have only been able to top him 2 since we started going out. that was in the first 6 months of our relationship. but now no matter what i do i can't top him. i have taken hours to help him prepare, by stretching himself, to rimming, fingering, everything. I can only get my head in when he says that it hurts. we thought that if he sat on it and take more control of it all it would be better but it doesn't help at all. what can we do for it?
Like I said to Dan and Rebecca above, there's a difference between the psychosexual response we have when we are alone and the one we experience with a partner. Many people are unable to, or choose not to, get off in partnered sex. And there is any number of reasons why. Since you're able to get yourself off when you are with your partner, why not just leave it at that?
Some people think a sexual encounter is only "successful" if one of the partners gets the other partner off. This is nonsense. Some guys, you may be one of them, can only get off by their own hand. It doesn't diminish the quality of the encounter, just proves that each person has a unique sexual response. Folks, there's no necessary connection between an ejaculation and sexual satisfaction, just like there's no necessary connection between an ejaculation and an orgasm.
As to your hapless boyfriend who can bottom no how…probably it's simply not his thing, for whatever reason. It seems so unfortunate that you guys are so balled up with all these "shoulds" about what a pleasurable encounter must be like. Why not just relax and enjoy what comes naturally in your being together? No need to force or script the passion into a preconceived idea of how things ought to be.
Name: joy
Age: 21
Location: california
I have been dating this guy for almost 3 year and also live with him. I love the way he makes love to me and i love dick, but sometimes i just want to make out with girls… does this make me a lesbian at all?
Hardly! Takes more than suckin' face with another chick to make a gal a lesbiterian. You're gonna need to get yourself a she-mullet, some plaid shirts and a vibrator that you can kick-start. Now that'll make ya dyke for damn sure! Sheesh!
Good luck ya'll.


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Organic White 4600
Website images are not fully representative of this color so we encourage you to please order a sample or view a full slab at a retail location.
Our Polished finish requires minimal care and maintenance. Honed, Concrete and Rough surfaces will require additional daily care due to the nature of the surface design. Our Rough finish reveals different qualities that make each slab unique. We encourage you to order a sample or view a full slab of these textured finishes. For more information regarding care and maintenance for our finishes, please click here.
- Thickness: 2 cm, 3 cm
- Finishes: Polished
- Sizes: 56½" x 120", 64½" x 131½"


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I think it's a great idea, and the folks over at Treat wanted you to be able to try it out.
The nice folks at Treat are offering you 1 free Treat card if you use it Monday 11/19 or Tuesday 11/20, just use code: TREATBLOGR
I might just use my card to make a Go Vegan card for someone on the fence. It's a great opportunity to spread a positive message.
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Artist Series Presents THE CAPITOL STEPS, 2/5-10
Thirty years ago, THE Capitol Steps began as a group of Senate staffers who set out to satirize the very people and places that employed them. In the following years, many of the Steps ignored the conventional wisdom ("Don't quit your day job!"), and although not all of the current members of the Steps are former Capitol Hill staffers, taken together the performers have worked in a total of 18 Congressional offices and represent 62 years of collective House and Senate staff experience.
THE Capitol Steps perform at the Wilson Center for the Arts on Florida State College at Jacksonville's South Campus (11901 Beach Blvd) from Tuesday, February 5th to Sunday, February 10th for eight performances only!
Since this musical political satire show began, THE Capitol Steps have recorded over 32 albums, including their latest, Take the Money and Run for President! and their special holiday release, Barackin' Around the Christmas Tree. They've been featured on NBC, CBS, ABC, and PBS and can be heard four times a year on National Public Radio stations nationwide during their Politics Takes a Holiday radio specials. THE Capitol Steps were born in December 1981 when some staffers for Senator Charles Percy were planning entertainment for a Christmas party. Ronald Reagan was President when the Steps began, so co-founders Elaina Newport, Bill Strauss and Jim Aidala figured that if entertainers could become politicians, then politicians could become entertainers! So, they decided to dig into the headlines of the day and created song parodies and skits.
Most cast members have worked on Capitol Hill; some for Democrats, some for Republicans, and others for politicians who firmly straddle the fence. No matter who holds office, there's never a shortage of material. Although THE Capitol Steps are based in Washington, DC, most of their shows are out-of-town or for out-of-town audiences. In fact, the Capitol Steps have performed for the last 5 Presidents (6, if you include Hillary). The only complaints the Steps seem to get are from politicians and personalities who are not included in the program!
The material is updated constantly. Current examples include songs about Mitt Romney's plea to the GOP ("Help Me Fake It to the Right") and President Obama's class warfare ("If I Tax a Rich Man"). In addition, they offer their own take on such trending topics as Secret Service indiscretions and the EU's money woes and what to do with Greece. No matter who or what is in the headlines, you can bet the Capitol Steps will tackle both sides of the political spectrum and all things equally foolish. What more would you expect from the group that puts the "MOCK" in Democracy?!
Ticket prices for THE CAPITOL STEPS start at $34. Tickets are available at the Artist Series Box Office between 10AM-5PM, Monday-Friday, at (904) 442-BWAY (2929) and online at www.artistseriesjax.org. Discounts are available for groups of 10 or more at (904) 442-2947 or firstname.lastname@example.com.