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Tour History
— PGA founded with offices in Bishopgate, London
— PGA Offices moved to Oval cricket ground, London
— John Jacobs appointed Tournament Director-General of the PGA (1.10.71).This marked the official birth of The PGA European Tour
— The Tour started with, in addition to John Jacobs, John Bywaters MBE as Secretary of the PGA, George Simms as Press & PR Advisor and, in the field, Arthur Crawley-Bovey as Tournament Director and Eddie Carter as Recorder
— Prize money and points from European tournaments included in Order of Merit
— Ken Schofield appointed First Secretary and Executive Director, following John Jacobs (1.01.75)
— Tour title: PGA Tournament Players' Section
— Order of Merit based on prize money instead of points
— Tour title: PGA Tournament Players' Division
— Sunday finishes started in selected tournaments
— Pre-tournament Pro-Ams introduced
— Annual Qualifying School started at three courses in UK with 127 cards to be won
— Tour title: PGA European Tournament Players' Division
— Safari Tour co-sponsored by the PGA ETPD
— 36-hole cut raised from 50 and ties to 65 and ties
— Neil Coles made Chairman of TPD Committee Representatives with Angel Gallardo as Vice-Chairman
— Tour title: PGA European Golf Tour
— European players included in Ryder Cup teams
— Qualifying School moved to Portugal 1980
— "Order of Merit" changed to "Official Money List"
— Minimum number of tournaments to be played for inclusion on Official Money list raised from five to seven
— PGA European Golf Tour offices moved from the Oval to Wentworth in Surrey (16.4.81)
— R & A granted exemption into The Open Championship to the top ten (in the top 25), not otherwise exempt, at the State Express Classic
— Tour title: PGA European Tour
— Prize money (Reserve Money) paid to those finishing beyond 65th
— Introduction of performance statistics
— Qualifying School moved to La Manga, Spain
— The Tunisian Open at El Kantaoui makes the start of an expansion programme by The European Tour to take the professional game global and further popularise the sport.
— PGA European Tour made a limited Company
— Formation of PGA European Tour Enterprises Ltd with George O'Grady as Managing Director
— "Official Money List" changed back to "Order of Merit"
— Placing in Order of Merit to obtain membership at end of season reduced from 150 to 125
— Pre-Qualifying for entry to Qualifying School started at La Manga
— Introduction of the All-Exempt Tour (tournament pre-qualifying discontinued)
— Winter base of PGA European Tour set up at La Manga, Spain
— Introduction of Associate, Temporary and Affiliated Memberships
— Formation of PGA European Tour South office in Barcelona
— Pre-Qualifying for Qualifying School introduced in two stages
— PQ1 in UK and PQ2 in Spain
— Minimum number of tournaments to be played for inclusion in the Order of Merit raised from seven to nine
— Introduction of the Satellite Tour
— Exemption into The Open Championship reduced from the top ten (in the top 25) to the top five (in the top 25), not otherwise exempt, at the Car Care Plan International
— Introduction of the one-ball rule
— Agreement announced at PGA Championship that Volvo would become first corporate sponsor to commence in
— First Senior British Open at Turnberry won by Neil Coles
— Volvo Tour sanctioned by The PGA European Tour started with prize money exceeding £10m
— Formation of PGA European Properties and Tour Developments companies
— Placing in Order of Merit to retain Membership at end of season reduced from 125 to 120
— Introduction by Volvo of bonuses to be paid to the top 15 in the Volvo Order of Merit providing that they played in the Volvo Masters. This money was "official"
— PGA European Satellite Tour started with its own Order of Merit with the top five being eligible for full PGA European Tour Membership the following season under Category 11(b). Best nine results in three different countries to count
— Apollo Week Training School first staged
— PGA European Tour and Professional Golfers' Association announced formation of the Ryder Cup Joint Venture (21.11.90)
— PGA European Satellite Tour renamed PGA European Challenge Tour
— Challenge Tour Rankings required a minimum of five tournaments to qualify for inclusion
— Establishment of the PGA European Tour Andalucian headquarters at San Roque, Spain
— Qualifying School moved to Massane Montpellier and La Grande Motte in France
— Additional office opened in Chobham, Surrey (November)
— Twice yearly re-ranking of those who won cards at the previous autumn's Qualifying School introduced
— First Seniors event staged in Geneva and won by Neil Coles
— Number of cards available under Category 11(b) raised from top five of Challenge Tour Rankings to top ten
— Number of cards available at Qualifying School reduced from top 50 to 40
— Formation of PGA European Tour Productions (26.4.91)
— a joint venture company with Trans World International
— Exemption period for tournament winners in Category 5 reduced to the rest of the year plus two years (from three years)
— Introduction of new Exemption Category whereby a player finishing in top ten of a tournament will be exempt for the next tournament
— Start of the PGA European Seniors Tour with minimum of two events for inclusion in Money List
— Formation of European Golf Design (19.2.92)
— a joint venture company with International Management Group
— Formation of PGA European Tour Courses (IMG) Limited
— a joint venture company with International Management Group
— First PGA European Tour Course acquired at Collingtree Park (August 1992)
— Challenge Tour Rankings
— Best 15 results to count with a minimum of six tournaments to be played to qualify for inclusion
— PGA European Tour Physiotherapy Unit introduced
— Combined Volvo Tour, Seniors Tour and Challenge Tour events totaled more than 100 with total prize money exceeding £25 million
— Three-year television agreement with Sky Sports announced
— Minimum number of tournaments to be played for inclusion in the Order of Merit raised from nine to 11
— Ryder Cup Qualifying Points List extended to include points earned over a complete calendar year (September to August)
— PGA European Seniors Tour Money List
— Minimum number of events to qualify for inclusion raised to three
— 20th Anniversary of start of BBC Television coverage of Tour events
— Valderrama in Spain announced as first Continental host venue for The Ryder Cup (1997)
— Challenge Tour Rankings
— All cheques to count
— First ten in Ryder Cup Qualifying Points List to be in the team automatically, with the Captain having two choices
— Ryder Cup Qualifying Points List to include points earned from winnings in the Masters Tournament, US Open Championship and US PGA Championship
— The PGA European Tour and Volvo announced a partnership extension for a further four year period from 1996 to 1999. Volvo to remain as principal sponsor of the Tour; PGA European Tour to revert to and operate under its own name
— Further four year television agreement with Sky Television announced to include 1997 and 1999 Ryder Cups, and exclusive live broadcasts of 26 tournaments each season from 1997 to 2000
— Number of cards available at Qualifying School raised to include top 40 and ties — Combined Volvo Tour, Seniors Tour and Challenge Tour events had total prize money exceeding £30 million
— The Golf Channel renews its contract with The European Tour to continue exclusive tournament coverage in the United States, Canada and Japan through 2003
— In Spain Canal+ signs enhanced contract to broadcast extensive coverage of The European Tour
— The European Tour, on behalf of The European Ryder Cup Committee, signs a new four year contract with Sky Television to include exclusive, live coverage of the 2001 and 2003 Ryder Cups in addition to a minimum of 33 Tour events annually, and announces that BBC Television has committed to a new contract through 2003 to guarantee strong and increased terrestrial highlight coverage of The Ryder Cup in 2001 and 2003
— 25th Anniversary of the foundation of The PGA European Tour
— Bernard Gallacher awarded OBE in New Year's Honours
— The Top 115 (previously 120) in the 1996 Order of Merit to qualify for Category 11 Membership in 1997 with those in positions 116-150 qualifying for Category 13 Membership
— The leading 15 players (previously ten) from the final 1996 European Challenge Tour Rankings to qualify for Category 11(b) Membership in 1997
— PGA European Tour and BBC Television sign a new four year contract which will extend to more than 25 years a partnership that has seen the Tour's most prestigious events given outstanding coverage
— The Brabazon Course at The Belfry, Sutton Coldfield, England, announced as host for The Ryder Cup in 2001
— Ken Schofield appointed CBE and Sam Torrance MBE in The Queen's Birthday Honours
— The PGA European Tour, The PGA Tour, the PGA Tour of South Africa, The PGA Tour of Australasia and the PGA Tour of Japan announce the formation of the International Federation of PGA Tours
— Tournament Committee approves the three United States Majors (Masters Tournament, US Open Championship and US PGA Championship) to count towards minimum number of 11 tournaments for inclusion in Order of Merit. Money won is not official
— Category One Membership of European Tour reformed (effective 1998) to comprise the four Major Championships and winner of the Order of Merit (Exemption period ten years). Category 2 reformed to comprise Volvo PGA Championship, Deutsche Bank-SAP TPC of Europe, Smurfit European Open, Canon European Masters and Volvo Masters. (Exemption period five years)
— Prize Money for the 1997 Volvo Masters increased to a record £1,000,000, and Volvo PGA Championship to £1,100,000
— European Seniors Tour announce the introduction of an all-exempt system.
— John Jacobs, "father" of The European Tour, awarded the OBE in The Queen's Birthday Honours
— Dr James McDaid, T.D. Irish Minister for Tourism, Sport and Recreation, and Ken Schofield announce a unique partnership between the European Tour and Failte Ireland involving a major new joint eight year marketing strategy for Irish golf holidays. The strategy will culminate in The Ryder Cup taking place in Ireland in 2005
— The PGA European Tour, as a Member of The International Federation of PGA Tours, announce the launch in 1999 of the World Golf Championships– a series of events that will feature the game's top players competing against each other in a variety of competitive formats on the international stage
— European Challenge Tour celebrates Tenth Anniversary season
— Volvo PGA Championship Prize Fund increased to £1,200,000 with landmark first prize of £200,000
— Record European Tour Prize Money of £1,250,000 announced for Smurfit European Open
— Colin Montgomerie appointed MBE in The Queen's Birthday Honours List for services to golf, prior to collecting a record sixth successive Order of Merit title
— Sam Torrance reaches milestone by playing in his 600th European Tour event
— Three World Golf Championships starting this year in addition to the four Major Championships to count towards the 11 tournaments in which a player must compete for Membership of The European Tour
— Money won from the World Golf Championships in addition to the US Open Championship and the US PGA Championship to be official in the Order of Merit
— Official Money won on the 1999 European Tour to be presented in euros with both the Order of Merit and The Ryder Cup Points Table being calculated using the new European currency
— The European Tour and Volvo announce an extension to their partnership, first established in 1988, through to and including the 2002 season
— The Kildare Hotel and Country Club – The K Club – announced as host venue for The Ryder Cup in 2005
— Bob Charles made a Knight Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the New Year's Honours List
— Paul Lawrie becomes the first player since 1963, when the qualifying system was introduced, to win The Open Championship after successfully making it through final Qualifying. In all he played 112 holes at Downfield and Carnoustie to become the first Scot to win on home soil since Tommy Armour in 1931
— The Golf Channel renews its contract with The European Tour to continue exclusive tournament coverage in the United States, Canada and Japan through 2003
— In Spain Canal+ signs enhanced contract to broadcast extensive coverage of The European Tour
— The European Tour, on behalf of The European Ryder Cup Committee, signs a new four year contract with Sky Television to include exclusive, live coverage of the 2001 and 2003 Ryder Cups in addition to a minimum of 33Tour events annually, and announces that BBC Television has committed to a new contract through 2003 to guarantee strong and increased terrestrial high light coverage of The Ryder Cup in 2001 and 2003
— Money won from the Masters Tournament to be official in the Order of Merit
— 36-hole cut raised from 65 and ties to 70 and ties
— World Cup of Golf becomes fourth event in the World Golf Championships — Tommy Horton appointed MBE in the New Year's Honours
— Sir Michael Bonallack, who becomes a Non-Executive Director of The European Tour Board of Directors; Neil Coles, who by winning the Microlease Jersey Seniors Open at the age of 65 years and 10 months becomes the first golfer in history to win a professional event in six different decades; and John Jacobs, 'father' of The European Tour, elected to the World Golf Hall of Fame
— Colin Montgomerie becomes to first player to win the Volvo PGA Championship three years in succession
— Paul Lawrie, winner of the 128th Open Championship at Carnoustie in 1999, appointed MBE in The Queen's Birthday Honours List
— Record prize money of £2,000,000 announced for the Volvo Masters
— Lee Westwood becomes only the fourth golfer in European Tour history to capture six titles in one season on the way to finishing Number One in the Order of Merit with a record €3,125,146 (£1,858,602)
— Six Partners – IBM, Ireland 2005, KPMG, Lucent Technologies, Pfizer and Regus – announced for The 34th Ryder Cup to be played at The Belfry on September 28-30, 2001
— The European Tour celebrates its 30th anniversary with confirmed record money of €97,143,310 (£60,399,735)
— Björn Nordberg joins The European Tour as a Non-Executive Director
— Volvo PGA Championship prize money increased to a record £2 million
— Ireland's Des Smyth wins the Madeira Island Open to become the oldest winner on The European Tour at 48 years and 34 days, surpassing the 48 years and 14 days of Neil Coles
— Tiger Woods, the World Number One, makes history by winning the Masters Tournament to become the first player to hold all Major Championships simultaneously
— Bernhard Langer of Germany elected to World Golf Hall of Fame
— The Scottish Open returns to The European Tour International Schedule after an absence of five years, with a record prize fund of £2.2 million
— The Board of The European Tour announces the findings of an Independent Audit to Members
— New Zealand's Michael Campbell made an Officer of New Zealand Order of Merit Award for services to golf in The Queen's Birthday Honours List
— John Jacobs, the founding father of The European Tour, inducted into the World Golf Teachers Hall of Fame
— Eamonn Darcy plays 600th European Tour event at Trophée Lancôme. Roger Chapman and Malcolm Mackenzie make their 500th appearances in 2001
— The 34th Ryder Cup at The Belfry postponed until September 2002 in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States. Future Ryder Cups switched to even years
— Host venues announced for 2010 and 2014 Ryder Cups with The Celtic Manor Resort staging the 2010 edition and The Gleneagles Hotel hosting the event in 2014. A rotation system throughout the Continent announced for 2018 to 2030
— Max Faulkner awarded the OBE in The Queen's New Year's Honours List, half a century after his victory in The Open Championship at Royal Portrush. Faulkner later received the award from The Prince of Wales at an investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace
— John Jacobs OBE, founding father of The European Tour, accorded Life Membership of the Professional Golfers Association, only the eighth person to receive that honour
— Mark Mouland of Wales and Scotland's Gordon Brand Jnr receive awards from The European Tour for reaching the landmark of 500 tournaments at the Novotel Perrier Open de France and Volvo PGA Championship respectively
— The Golf Channel reach agreement with The European Tour to show European Tour events in the United States, Canada and Japan through 2007
— The European Tour Sport Relief Challenge raises a grand total of £35,692 for charity
— Neil Coles, Chairman of The European Tour Board of Directors, extends his own record as the oldest winner on the European Seniors Tour, winning the Lawrence Batley Seniors Open at the age of 67 years and 276 days. Sadly, Lawrence Batley dies, aged 91, in August
— The European Tour Physiotherapy Unit, which had travelled to more than 300 tournaments throughout Europe, celebrates its tenth anniversary during the BMW International Open in Munich
— Tony Jacklin and Bernhard Langer inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in Florida
— Sam Torrance, Europe's winning Captain in The 34th Ryder Cup, awarded an OBE in the New Year's Honours List, seven years after receiving an MBE. European Team win Golf Writers' Trophy for 2002.
— Ken Schofield, Executive Director of The European Tour, awarded the PGA of Europe's Christer Lindberg Bowl for his contribution to golf. Sir Michael Bonallack succeeds Jaime Ortiz Patiño as President of the PGA of Europe
— The Senior British Open, presented by MasterCard, accorded "Major" status, 16 years after the event was founded by The European Tour and IMG
— The Golf Channel Presenter, Renton Laidlaw, named as the 2003 recipient of the PGA of America's Lifetime Achievement Award in Journalism
— Sky Sports secures exclusive live rights to The Ryder Cup, two Major Championships and a minimum of 34 tournaments on The European Tour International Schedule in a series of new long-term agreements
— The R&A announce that they will introduce International Final Qualifying for The 2004 Open Championship at Royal Troon
— The European qualification process for The 35th Ryder Cup changed to reflect the growing influence of the Official World Golf Ranking. The change will see five players qualify through accumulating World Ranking points over a 12 month period with five further places via the traditional Ryder Cup points list based on the Order of Merit
— Mark McCormack, founder, Chairman and CEO of IMG and the man universally recognised as the inventor of sports marketing, died in a New York hospital in May, having been in a coma since January when he suffered cardiac arrest
— Peter Alliss, a leading professional and Ryder Cup player before becoming one of the most respected commentators on television with the BBC, is accorded Honorary Life Membership of The European Tour
— BBC Sport and The European Tour sign a new five-year agreement, ensuring that BBC golf coverage will continue across BBC1, BBC Radio Five Live and BBCi until 2008
— John Jacobs OBE, the founding father of The European Tour, is honoured by the Association of Golf Writers with the Michael Williams Outstanding Services Award
— Pádraig O'hUiginn, who for 11 years between 1982 and 1993 was Secretary of the Department of the Taoiseach, becomes a Life Vice President of the Tour in recognition of his pivotal role in cultivating professional golf in Ireland.
— Ulf Lauren, former Chief Executive of PLM and Chairman of the Swedish Golf Federation and Scandinavian Masters, becomes a Life Vice President of the Tour in recognition of his contribution to tournament Golf in Sweden
— Scotland's Bernard Gallacher, who played in eight Ryder Cups between 1969 and 1983 and Captained Europe on three occasions, in 1991, 1993 and1995, accorded Honorary Life Membership of The European Tour
— Ken Schofield CBE, Executive Director of The European Tour since 1975, to step aside at end of 2004. George O'Grady, his deputy since 1989, announced as his successor
— The Red Bull Physiotherapy Unit is launched on The European Tour during he 61st Telecom Italia Open in Milan after a substantial re-fit
— John Jacobs, the Founding Father of The European Tour and leading television commentator, Peter Alliss, accept invitations to become Honorary Members of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews.
— A new administration and structure confirmed for The Ryder Cup to include the introduction of the PGAs of Europe and with The European Tour becoming Managing Partner and the PGA Founding Partner
— The 50th edition of the PGA Championship, and by coincidence the 1000th event on The European Tour, was held at Wentworth Club, with Scotland's Scott Drummond lifting the title
— The European Tour and Volvo announce a new global strategy for Volvo, which sees the company's title sponsorship of the PGA Championship and the Order of Merit come to an end, but the Volvo Masters and the Volvo China Open contracted until the end of 2007, taking Volvo's participation to a minimum of 20 years
— The HSBC World Match Play Championship becomes an officially sanctioned tournament on The European Tour International Schedule with results counting towards The European Tour Order of Merit and the Official World Golf Ranking
— Ken Schofield CBE, outgoing Executive Director of The European Tour, receives the Association of Golf Writers Award for Outstanding Services to Golf
— To coincide with their 70th and 80th birthdays respectively, England's Neil Coles, Chairman of The PGA European Tour, and Christy O'Connor of Ireland accorded Honorary Life Membership along with John Panton of Scotland in recognition of their outstanding contributions to the game
— George O'Grady succeeds Ken Schofield, CBE, as Chief Executive of The European Tour (01.01.05)
— BMW and The European Tour announce a new partnership to develop the BMW Championship – the PGA Championship – at Wentworth Club from 2005 to 2008. Additionally, BMW become Official Car to The European Tour
— The European Tour, as Managing Partner of Ryder Cup Europe LLP, confirms the composition of The Ryder Cup Policy Board as part of the new administration put in place ahead of The 36th Ryder Cup at The K Club
— Welshman Brian Huggett honoured for his Contribution to Golf by the Professional Golfers' Association in Cardiff
— The European Tour supports the Tsunami Aid Appeal with a $100,000 donation to Indonesia during the Enjoy Jakarta Standard Chartered Indonesia Open in Jakarta
— Aberdeen Asset Management announce a three year deal to sponsor the Senior British Open Championship, which paid its first visit to Royal Aberdeen Golf Club
— The European Seniors Tour announces that Bahrain will become the latest new venue on the schedule, staging the 2005 Arcapita Seniors Tour Championship
— The 1000th edition of the Official World Golf Ranking was published on Monday, May 30, following the completion of the BMW Championship and other events around the world. Tiger Woods was ranked Number One that week while Bernhard Langer was the first to achieve that official position
— The first US Open Qualifier held in the UK at Walton Heath sees Michael Campbell qualify for the Championship at Pinehurst No. 2. He goes on to win his first Major Championship
— New Zealand's Michael Campbell accorded Honorary Life Membership of The European Tour to mark his accomplishment of winning the US Open Championship at Pinehurst No. 2
— The 36-hole cut on The European Tour to revert to 65 and ties for the 2006 season following five years at 70 and ties
— Bernhard Langer, Europe's victorious Ryder Cup Captain at Oakland Hills, awarded an Honorary OBE from The Queen for his services to golf
— Mark McCormack, founder of IMG, inducted posthumously into the World Golf Hall of Fame at St Augustine in Florida — Frenchman Adrien Mörk carded the first official score of 59 in the history of The European, Challenge and Seniors Tours during the second round of the 2006 Tikida Hotels Agadir Moroccan Classic on the Challenge Tour
— Ian Woosnam, Europe's Ryder Cup Captain in 2006, reaches the milestone of 500 events on The European Tour International Schedule at the BMW Championship at Wentworth Club
— Carl Mason of England became only the third golfer to go through the €1m barrier in European Seniors Tour earnings after Tommy Horton and Noel Ratcliffe. Mason achieved the feat at the 2006 FIRSTPLUS Wales Seniors Open in June
— Muirfield in Scotland is announced as the venue for The 2007 Senior British Open Championship, presented by Aberdeen Asset Management, from July 26-29, 2007. It will be the first time Muirfield has featured on the European Seniors Tour
— Sam Torrance becomes the first player in European Tour history to notch up 700 tournaments when he tees up in The Barclays Scottish Open at Loch Lomond
— Challenge Tour receives direct support from The Ryder Cup, with tournaments in Ireland (Ryder Cup hosts in 2006), Wales (Ryder Cup hosts in 2010) and Scotland (Ryder Cup hosts in 2014) primarily funded by Ryder Cup Europe
— The Open de France ALSTOM celebrates its 100th anniversary at Le Golf National in Paris
— Junior Golf Ireland receives a cheque for €50,000 from The Ryder Cup European Development Trust
— The English quartet of Maurice Bembridge, David Creamer, Malcolm Gregson and Jim Rhodes all reach 200 events on the European Seniors Tour. The only other player to have reached this milestone is Tommy Horton, also of England
— Ken Schofield CBE, former Executive Director of The European Tour, succeeds Sir Michael Bonallack as President of the Golf Foundation
— England's Malcolm Mackenzie becomes the fourth player to reach 600 tournaments on The European Tour at the BMW International Open in Munich following Sam Torrance, Roger Chapman and Eamonn Darcy
— Seve Ballesteros honoured by The European Tour to commemorate the 30th anniversary of his first Tour victory in the 1976 Dutch Open
— Ireland's Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and representatives of Ryder Cup Europe LLP handed over 20 minibuses purchased from a series of initiatives involving The Ryder Cup, which raised €800,000 for the Links Golfing Society. Sales of the Official Ryder Cup programme raised a further €61,756 for the Society and the Darren Clarke Foundation
— Paul Casey completes a remarkable double by following his success as winner of the RBS Shot of the Year by being named The European Tour Golfer of the Year for 2006
— The amount of money injected into the Irish economy by The 2006 Ryder Cup in Ireland reached a record €143 million, according to a report by Deloitte & Touche, jointly commissioned by Ryder Cup Europe and Fáilte Ireland (The Irish Tourism Development Authority)
— Five time Major Champion Seve Ballesteros announced his retirement from golf at the age of 50 during an emotional press conference, prior to The Open Championship at Carnoustie, where Padraig Harrington ended eight years without a European Major winner
— The European Tour and Leisurecorp, the company developing Dubai's leading residential golf community at Jumeirah Golf Estates, announced an initial five-year partnership to create the Dubai World Championship, the world's richest golf tournament with a US$10,000,000 prize fund and a US$10,000,000 Bonus Pool
- The European Challenge Tour, which was launched in 1989, celebrated its 20th anniversary
- Barry Lane became only the fifth player to clock up 600 tournament appearances in the Commercialbank Qatar Masters presented by Dolphin Energy
- The European Tour regained the ownership and control of The PGA European Tour Courses after reaching an agreement with businessman Denis O'Brien which saw the Tour take control of the existing network of licensed international venues
- The Ryder Cup Development Trust, set up in 2004, announced that in excess of €2.2 million had been raised to assist grassroots projects across the Continent of Europe
- Leisurecorp, the company developing Dubai's leading residential golf community at Jumeirah Golf Estates, unveiled the improved and re-branded European Tour Physiotherapy Unit at a ceremony in Spain
- The new Twenty Ten course and clubhouse – the only golf course in history to be purpose built for The Ryder Cup – was officially opened on the eve of the Celtic Manor Wales Open
- Two long-standing events on The European Tour celebrated special anniversaries, with the UBS Hong Kong Open being played for the 50th time and the BMW International Open for the 20th occasion
- The R&A announced an increase in the number of places at The 2009 Open Championship from 20 to 30 for both The 2008 European Tour Order of Merit and US PGA Tour Money List
- The Omega European Masters to be co-sanctioned for the first time in 2009 following an historic agreement between The European Tour and the Asian Tour
- The eagerly-awaited Race to Dubai, covering 52 tournaments over a 12-month season, was launched during the HSBC Champions in Shanghai with the climax taking place at Jumeirah Golf Estates in November 2009
- Colin Montgomerie announced as European Captain for The 2010 Ryder Cup. Montgomerie also made it 500 appearances as a professional on The European Tour when he played in the Open de Andalucia de Golf 09
- Nick Faldo knighted in the Queen's Birthday Honours. Only the second golfer to be knighted after Sir Henry Cotton
- Christy O'Connor and José Maria Olazábal inducted into World Golf Hall of Fame
- HSBC Champions elevated to World Golf Championships event for the first time
- Golf wins bid to be part of the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro at the International Olympic Committee's 121st Session in Copenhagen
- The six bidding nations for 2018 Ryder Cup are confirmed as France, Germany, Holland, Portugal, Spain and Sweden
- Emma Villacieros made Honorary Life Vice President of The European Tour
- The West Course at Wentworth Club closes immediately after the BMW PGA Championship for extensive renovations and the redesign of several holes, including the signature 18th which will have an elevated green behind a new water hazard
- Seve Ballesteros presented with Lifetime Achievement Award at BBC Sports Personality of the Year ceremony, and is also made R&A Honorary Member
- Europe won The Ryder Cup 14½-13½ at The Celtic Manor Resort under the leadership of Colin Montgomerie, who was subsequently named BBC Sports Personality Coach of the Year. The Team also won BBC Sports Personality Team of the Year
- European Tour members claimed three of the four Majors, with Graeme McDowell clinching the US Open, Louis Oosthuizen triumphing at The Open Championship and Martin Kaymer winning the US PGA Championship. The three received Honorary Life Membership of The European Tour
- Kaymer won The Race to Dubai after four victories - the Abu Dhabi Golf Championship, the US PGA, the KLM Open and the Alfred Dunhill Links Championship - and record season earnings
- Kaymer and McDowell were named joint winners of The European Tour Golfer of the Year award
- At the Laureus World Sports Awards, Kaymer won the World Breakthrough of the Year award, and the European Ryder Cup team were nominated for World Sports Team of the Year, but lost out to the World Cup-winning Spain national football team
- Golf was announced as an Olympic sport, to be included from the 2016 Games
- Italian teenager Matteo Manassero became the youngest player ever to make the cut at the Masters, and in finishing tied 36th produced the best performance by a European amateur for 73 years. He would later win the Castello Masters Costa Azahar and be named the Sir Henry Cotton Rookie of the Year
- Graeme McDowell's tricky putt on the 16th green during his singles match against Hunter Mahan on the final day of The Ryder Cup, which contributed to him claiming the winning point for Europe, won The European Tour Shot of the Year award
- Lee Westwood became World Number One on October 31, ending Tiger Woods' 281-week reign
- George O'Grady, Chief Executive of The European Tour, was appointed a CBE for services to sport
- Claude-Roger Cartier, Jaime Ortiz-Patino and Johann Rupert were named Honorary Life Vice Presidents of The European Tour
- It was announced the World Cup would become a biennial event, with the next edition taking place in 2011
- European Tour members were victorious in the first three Majors of the year, with South Africa's Charl Schwartzel taking The Masters title, Rory McIlroy storming to US Open glory and Darren Clarke picking up the Claret Jug at The Open Championship. These three titles also made it six Majors in a row for European Tour members dating back to Graeme McDowell's terrific US Open victory in June 2010.
- Luke Donald took the golfing world by storm in 2011 picking up three titles on The European Tour en route to Race to Dubai glory, which when teamed with his Money List success on the PGA Tour, made him the first golfer in history to be number one in both Europe and America.
- Thanks to his feats in 2011 Donald also received much acclaim from those in and around the game, and was named The European Tour Golfer of the Year. He also received Player of the Year honours on the PGA Tour as well as accolades from the PGA of America and the Golf Writers of both Europe and the US.
- The Englishman also won The European Tour's flagship event, the BMW Championship, after a playoff victory over compatriot Lee Westwood, and in doing so, he usurped the Englishman as World Number One.
- Donald would remain there for the next 31 weeks and head into 2012 atop the ranking, but it was Lee Westwood that had started the season at number one. He would eventually lose that spot to Germany's Martin Kaymer towards the end of February having been there for 17 weeks, with the German remaining there for a further nine, before Westwood returned for another five week stint at the top of the game.
- European Tour members were also in receipt of further accolades, with Darren Clarke picking up the 'Comeback of the Year' at the Laureus World Sports Awards, and Rory McIlroy receiving the 'Breakthrough of the Year' trophy. The pair were also honoured in the Queen's New Year's Honours List with Clarke being given an OBE and McIlroy an MBE.
- Another honour that the Northern Irishmen received was Honorary Membership to The European Tour thanks to their Major triumphs, and they were joined in the class of 2011 by fellow Major winner Charl Schwartzel and England's Lee Westwood.
- Finally, Rory McIlroy took The European Tour Shot of the Year award thanks to his stunning 6-iron approach to the daunting par 3 tenth hole at Congressional CC in the final round en route to US Open glory. He did in fact have three shots in the running for the title, but it was this that came out most popular amongst fans of europeantour.com.
- The European Tour celebrated its 40th anniversary, marked appropriately at the centenary festivities at the Open de España, which was the first tournament to be played when the Tour was born in April 1972, won by Antonio Garrido.
- Europe won The Ryder Cup 14½ - 13½ at Medinah Country Club, Illinois, under the stewardship of Captain José María Olazábal, who inspired his charges to the greatest final day comeback on away soil in the history of the biennial contest.
- Two out of the four Major Championships were claimed by European Tour Members as Ernie Els won his second Open Championship – ten years after his first – at Royal Lytham & St Annes, while Rory McIlroy again lapped the field in capturing his second Major by eight shots at the US PGA Championship at Kiawah Island.
- Just as Luke Donald had historically achieved a year previously, McIlroy finished 2012 as World Number One, European Number One and US PGA Tour Number One thanks to five victories worldwide – including a stylish finale as the Northern Irishman rubber-stamped his annus mirabilis with success at the season-ending DP World Tour Championship, Dubai to win The Race to Dubai.
- In tribute to his achievements, McIlroy received numerous accolades including The European Tour Golfer of the Year. He also received Player of the Year honours on the PGA Tour as well as awards from the PGA of America and the Golf Writers of both Europe and the US.
- Luke Donald made a successful defence of his BMW PGA Championship title, becoming just the third player to win The European Tour's flagship event in back-to-back years following Sir Nick Faldo (1980-1981) and Colin Montgomerie (1998-2000).
- After reclaiming his European Tour card at the Qualifying School in December 2011, South Africa's Branden Grace became the first to win four times the year after graduation with triumphs at the Joburg Open, Volvo Golf Champions, Volvo China Open and Alfred Dunhill Links Championship.
- There were three age-related records set as Matteo Manassero became the first teenager to win three times on The European Tour with victory at the Barclays Singapore Open; Miguel Angel Jimenez's success at the UBS Hong Kong Open saw the Spaniard become the oldest winner on The European Tour at 48 years and 318 days beating Des Smyth's 11 year old record; while the Volvo China Open saw home prospect Guan Tian-lang become the youngest player to compete in a European Tour event at the age of 13 years and 177 days.
- The Irish Open at Royal Portrush Golf Club became the first European Tour event to be sold out on all four tournament days as 112,280 people flocked through the gates of the County Antrim venue.
- European Tour Properties added Germany's Golf Club St. Leon-Rot – host venue for The 2015 Solheim Cup – and The Dutch in neighbouring Netherlands, where the KLM Open is set to be staged from 2016 to 2018, to its portfolio, taking the total number of European Tour Destinations to five.
- European Tour Chief Executive George O'Grady awarded Honorary Life Membership to Luke Donald after his stunning transatlantic exploits in 2011, while Tommy Horton, Brian Huggett, Mark James and Roger Chapman's outstanding contributions to European golf were also recognised with Honorary Life Membership. Chapman was afforded the recognition after an historic Senior Major Championship double during a fairytale 2012 season, as the Englishman triumphed at both the US Senior PGA Championship and subsequently the US Senior Open.
- Henrik Stenson was crowned The 2013 Race to Dubai champion following an impressive six-shot win at 2013 Tour climax, the DP World Tour Championship, Dubai. In doing so he became the first player to win both The European and PGA Tours in a single season, having claimed the FedEx Cup earlier in the year.
- A remarkable season for the Swede moved him to second in the Official Golf World Ranking, ahead of fellow European Tour members Justin Rose and Rory McIlroy by three and four places respectively.
- An unforgettable three wood to within inches of the flag on the last hole of the tournament at Jumeirah Golf Estates also earned him The European Tour Shot of the Year.
- Peter Uihlein became the first American to win the Sir Henry Cotton European Tour Rookie of the Year, having claimed his maiden European Tour event, the Madeira Islands Open. Uihlein finished 14th in The Race to Dubai rankings after playing in 24 contributing events and amassing a quintuplet of top five finishes.
- Matteo Manassero won the flagship event, the BMW PGA Championship to make this the Italian's fourth consecutive year winning a European Tour event since turning pro in 2010.
- There were twelve first time winners on The Race to Dubai schedule: Scott Jamieson, Chris Wood, Matt Kuchar, Dawie Van der Walt, Kiradech Aphibarnrat, Peter Uihlein, Simon Thornton, Jason Dufner, Tommy Fleetwood, Jin Jeong, Dustin Johnson, Victor Dubuisson.
- Phil Mickelson claimed back to back triumphs in Scotland as he captured the Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open and The 142nd Open Championship at Muirfield.
- Justin Rose finally realised his huge potential to win his first Major Championship, the US Open, by two shots ahead of Phil Mickelson and Jason Day at Merion Golf Club, Pennsylvania.
- He and Dave Thomas were awarded honorary life membership of The European Tour.
- Colin Montgomerie, Willie Park Jnr and Ken Schofield were all inducted into the World Golf Hall Of Fame.
-Europe convincingly won The Ryder Cup 16½ - 11½ at Gleneagles, Scotland, under the uncompromising leadership of Captain Paul McGinley. A European team lived up to their billing as 'favourites' and resoundingly saw off their American counterparts. Victory in the biennial contest came largely due to their convincing foursomes displays in which they claimed seven of the eight points available.
- Rory McIlroy became the first player to win The Race to Dubai for a second time since its inception in 2009. The Northern Irishman won four tournaments in the process of amassing an unassailable 7,149,503 points and also reclaiming the World Number One spot, having started the calendar year in seventh place.
- Victory at the flagship BMW PGA Championship proved the catalyst for a resoundingly successful second half of the season for McIlroy.
- Three quarters of the year's Major Championships were won by European Tour Members. Rory McIlroy won his maiden Open Championship at Royal Liverpool Golf Club before capturing a second US PGA Championship at Valhalla Golf Club as the last event in an unprecedented hat trick of wins. Earlier in the season, a resurgent Martin Kaymer won the US Open, where he surged to victory by eight shots to take a second career Major at Pinehurst Resort, North Carolina.
- Brooks Koepka emulated the achievement of his close friend Peter Uihlein when he was named the 2014 Sir Henry Cotton European Tour Rookie of the Year. A debut win at the third Final Series event, the Turkish Airlines Open, ensured that Koepka became the second American in as many seasons to be bestowed the coveted award.
- Miguel Angel Jiménez extended his record as the oldest European Tour winner at the Open de España at PGA Catalunya Resort. It was Jiménez's 27th attempt to win his home tournament and the Spaniard finally achieved the feat at the tender age of 50 years and 133 days.
- Colin Montgomerie reached a landmark 600th European Tour appearance at the Turkish Airlines Open. The milestone was appropriately played over a course named after the eight-time European Tour Order of Merit Champion, the Montgomerie Maxx Royal.
- Henrik Stenson won the second of his back to back DP World Tour Championships in Dubai to ensure he finished the year second in the Official Golf World Rankings for a second year running.
- Three European Tour Members finished 2014 in the top five of the Official World Golf Rankings, with Sergio Garcia joining McIlroy and Stenson.
- Rory McIlroy finished second to Lewis Hamilton in the BBC Sports Personality of the Year.
- Chief Executive, George O'Grady announced plans to appoint an eventual successor to lead The European Tour into a new era.
- Byeong hun An wins the BMW PGA Championship on his debut, becoming the first player from Asia to claim the prestigious title
- Keith Pelley succeeds George O'Grady as Chief Executive, taking up his post on August 1
- Pelley announces a period exclusive negotiations between the European and Asian Tours
- Shane Lowry becomes the third different Irishman to win a WGC event, following Darren Clarke and Rory McIlroy with victory at the WGC-Bridgestone Invitational
- The British Masters returns to the European Tour schedule after an absence of eight years. Ian Poulter hosts the tournament at Woburn, with Matthew Fitzpatrick claiming his maiden title
- Rory McIlroy wins the DP World Tour Championship to seal his third Race to Dubai crown
- Danny Willett wins the Masters Tournament, becoming the first Englishman to don the Green Jacket since Sir Nick Faldo in 1997. It was the 50th Major Championship victory by a European Tour member
- Tournament host Rory McIlroy wins the Dubai Duty Free Irish Open Hosted by the Rory Foundation
- European Tour and Asian Tour announce a strategic alliance which officially ratifies the relationship between the two Tours
- Henrik Stenson holds off Phil Mickelson with a final round 63 to win The Open Championship at Royal Troon, setting a new record low total for a Major Championship of 264
- Thomas Pieters sets a new record for a European rookie in a Ryder Cup, winning four points on his debut in Hazeltine as Europe lose 17-11
- Alex Noren wins his fourth title of 2016 in the Nedbank Golf Challenge
- The Rolex Series is launched at the DP World Tour Championship, Dubai, heralded as one of the most important developments in the Tour's 44-year history
- Henrik Stenson wins the Race to Dubai title for the second time
- The European Tour announced a Strategic Alliance with the PGA Tour of Australasia
- The ISPS HANDA World Super Six Perth introduces an innovative new format of 54 holes of traditional stroke play followed by six-hole match play format for the fourth and final round. Brett Rumford wins the inaugural title on home soil.
- The European Tour announces a Strategic Alliance with the KPGA (Korea Professional Golfers' Association) which will see the two organisations cooperate closely on the development of the professional game in Korea.
- Sergio Garcia wins the Masters Tournament at Augusta National, beating Justin Rose in a play-off to become just the third Spaniard to win a Green Jacket after Seve Ballesteros and Jose Maria Olazabal
- The inaugural GolfSixes takes place at the Centurion Club, with Denmark (Thorbjorn Olesen and Lucas Bjerregaard) defeating Australia in the final of the six-hole match play tournament
- Alex Noren wins the BMW PGA Championship at Wentworth – the launch event of the new Rolex Series, an alliance of eight premium events all with a minimum prize fund of $7million
- Jon Rahm wins his maiden European Tour title in the Dubai Duty Free Irish Open hosted by the Rory Foundation


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Music and Lyrics by Stephen Schwartz (composer of Wicked and Godspell)
Book by John Caird (Les Miserables, Candide 1999, and Jane Eyre)
August 9-11 7:30pm each evening
McDonald Moody Auditorium
Lubbock Christian University
5601 19th
All reserved seats $10 available July 1 at www.LCU.edu/tickets---info at 806-720-7429
The MTI website states:
Freely based on the story of Genesis, CHILDREN OF EDEN is a frank, heartfelt and often humorous examination of the age-old conflict between parents and children. Adam, Eve, Noah and the "Father" who created them deal with the headstrong, cataclysmic actions of their respective children. The show ultimately delivers a bittersweet but inspiring message: that "the hardest part of love... is letting go."
The music, by Schwartz, is really beautiful, and while the Bible stories from the first nine chapters of Genesis are romanticized in this version, it has an entertaining and touching message.
Main characters/Cast
Father – David Jones
Adam – Jake Lierman
Eve – DeLeisha Sheppard
Cain – John Paul Sheppard
Abel – Ryan Carnegey
Noah – Gary Moyers
Mama Noah – Traci Davidson
Yonah – Amanda Rogers
Director – Laurie Doyle
Asst. Director – Allison Smith
Orchestra Conductor – Andrew Babcock
Set- Shawn Hughes and Gary Moyers

subset: commoncrawl


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Get ready for another Taylor Swift break-up hit, well, maybe. Late Thursday evening (January 10) the 23-year-old singer poked fun at her own dating antics via Twitter.
The "I Knew You Were Trouble" performer shared, "Back in the studio. Uh oh…"Miss Swift could be making a jest at the rumors that she's already construed a heartbreak ballad telling the tale of her failed relationship with One Direction boy Harry Styles.
The rumors are justified by the various songs written about her previous relationships including "Dear John," referencing her love affair with John Mayer and "We Are Never Getting Back Together," which channels her time with Jake Gyllenhaal.
Although she didn't openly admit to the story behind the tune, Taylor did explain that Red's title track is about "this relationship that I had that was, like, the worst thing ever and the best thing ever at the same time."


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Beyonce Releases Surprise New Album and Videos
Dec 13, 2013 9:32 AM EST
Beyonce surprised her fans Thursday night by releasing a new album exclusively on iTunes. The self-titled "visual album" features 14 songs and 17 music videos. "I didn't want to release my music the way I've done it. I am bored wi… Read more


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Source: Certified Angus Beef
An estimated 76% of calves spend some time as stockers, and since marbling is a lifetime event, what happens then plays a key role in subsequent beef quality grade after finishing.
A white paper for Certified Angus Beef LLC (CAB) entitled, "Effects of nutrition and management during the stocker phase on quality grade," evaluates the body of research in the area and finds pathways to profit that maintain consumer satisfaction.
The Oklahoma State University animal science and veterinary team led by ruminant nutritionist Clint Krehbiel sees the potential for increasing efficiency and carcass quality. It might just take a few critical changes in management "during early phases of the production cycle that increase intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition" while decreasing other fat deposition.
While noting that net dollars depend on both carcass weight and quality, the paper focuses on stocker nutrition and management strategies that can impact marbling. On the related tangent, however, it also concludes that increasing carcass weight will increase marbling scores.
Of course, differences in calves start before the stocker phase, which must deal with the range of genetics, nutrition and health. In general, prior sickness leads to poorer average daily gain (ADG) en route to a lower value carcass.
The effects of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) have been studied in more detail, always showing "negative effects on carcass characteristics." ADG is also compromised, but research shows that, except for those chronically infected, more days on feed help to recover carcass quality.
The white paper cites several studies that support deworming as a way to add weight and quality. Application in the feedlot to steers not dewormed on pasture added 49 pounds (lb.) of gain, but deworming on pasture added $33.75 per head to the stocker phase. Use in both the stocker and feedlot phases improved subsequent marbling score.
A 1984 study established that IMF fat cells prefer glucose for development while external fat grows with more acetate in the rumen. That led to Illinois work in the 1990s showing glucose from corn starch in creep feed and starting rations for early-weaned calves gives marbling a head start.
That's especially true when calves are gaining below their genetic potential.
After a meta-analysis of 14 studies that compared dietary starch in backgrounding, Krehbiel's team reports cattle grown with a high level of starch had higher ADG in the finishing phase, but no difference in efficiency or carcass quality compared to other cattle.
Studies of high-starch supplementation on grass may show a boost to final marbling score only for cattle that enter the grazing phase weighing more than 800 lb., or nearly two-thirds of their final, finished bodyweight. More studies are needed to confirm that, however.
The highest gains on grass lead to heavier placements on feed and heavier subsequent carcass weights. Adjusted for rib-fat thickness, marbling score was positively related to ADG, placement weight and carcass weight.
However, the same rib fat-adjusted analysis shows lower ADG over longer grazing periods can also achieve the heavier weights that generally boost marbling scores.
"Marbling scores can be improved by 'making cattle bigger' through increasing the rate of gain during the stocker phase," but the paper concludes that also increases yield grades. "In contrast, rib fat-adjusted marbling score can be improved by using low to moderate rates of gain for longer grazing periods."
In taking a look at DNA-assisted selection, the paper concludes those new tools carry the potential to "maintain or increase muscle growth (ribeye area), while at the same time improving carcass quality (marbling score)."
The complete paper is available online at http://www.cabpartners.com/news/research.php.


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No question Nick Barnett was snubbed. He is 7th in the NFL in tackles with 119, 90 solo and 29 assists. He also has two picks and 3.5 sacks. I think Gred Bedard is right that he is arguably more responsible than anyone other than Favre for the Packers' success this year. Lofa Tatupu, a solid player, has numbers that just don't match up to Barnett's. He is 20th in tackles with 101, 78 solo and 23 assists. He has one sack and four interceptions. Three of those picks came in the game last Sunday — just as vote were being cast. Good timing.Patrick Willis, a shoe-in for defensive rookie of the year, is the reserve. He should have been the starter, Barnett the back-up. Willis has 142 tackles, which leads the league, and his almost single-handedly kept San Francisco from being the worst team (and defense) in the league.I take Greg Bedard's point about Greg Jennings and his 50 receptions, but ultimately I think Jennings was more deserving than either Donald Driver or Torry Holt. Jennings has 12 touchdowns, gaudy yards per catch numbers and RAC numbers, and he is a league leader in yards per game when you factor out the two games he missed. He has been better than either Driver or Holt.And then there's Charles Woodson. I think he was more deserving than Al Harris, but Harris got so much love from the broadcasters this year — overdue, in my opinion — that he was all but assured of a trip.I do think it's amazing that the 12-2 Cowboys got 11 starters, while the 12-2 Packers got four. And I agree with Andy that this should provide some motivation for those, like Barnett, who got snubbed.
Tags: Brett Favre, Green Bay Packers, Pro-Bowl


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Too Close For Comfort…
Such a great start…
Such a disappointing middle and end…
Friday night's game against the Tampa Bay Rays in
St. Petersburg, FL, started so strong, but then the team's offense
flatlined. After a Derek Jeter single
and a Nick Swisher home run to start the game, the Yankees could only manage
two more hits (singles by Robinson Cano) the rest of the way against winner
Wade Davis and the Rays bullpen.
Similarly, Phil Hughes started strong and it looked
like he was cruising with a 2-0 lead until the bottom of the 6th
inning when a three-run home run by Matt Joyce put the Rays up, 3-2 (which
proved to be the final score).
Bridget Wentworth/The Star Ledger
Alex Rodriguez was a huge disappointment…again…as
he went 0-for-4 in his extended quest for 600 home runs. The only way that A-Rod could have gotten a
hit would have been for Mark Teixeira to smack him. I'll be glad when he finally does hit #600
because this is getting painful watching the pathetic at-bats.
Bridget Wentworth/The Star Ledger
The Rays found themselves just a game out of first
place, with Matt Garza on the mound Saturday against Javier Vazquez. Garza threw a no-hitter against the Detroit
Tigers in his last outing, so he'll be looking to extend the scoreless, hitless
streak against the Yankees. Hopefully,
Javy will be up for the challenge.
With less than 24 hours to the trading deadline,
the Yankees finally pulled off a couple of deals, neither of which address the
more pressing needs (bullpen help and a backup third baseman to spell A-Rod). Granted, GM Brian Cashman is not finished,
but so far, he has added a DH and a part-time left fielder to the mix. I had wondered who would be the first player
of the post-Boss Steinbrenner era. The
award goes to first baseman Lance Berkman of the Houston Astros. He agreed to the deal that would send him to
New York for a couple of minor leaguers, but as a 10-and-5 player, the Yankees
must wait 24 hours before the deal can be finalized.
The Yankees later acquired outfielder Austin Kearns
from the Cleveland Indians, so, technically, he'll arrive on the Yankees roster
sooner than Berkman.
Berkman effectively replaces injured Nick Johnson
as the full-time designated hitter. Nick,
who is still on the DL due to a wrist injury, is nearing his return, but he
obviously cannot be relied upon given his injury history (something the Yankees
should have recognized when they signed him last fall). Berkman is a good friend of Andy Pettitte's
from their days in Houston so I am sure that played in Berkman's decision to
join the Yanks after nixing previous deals like the one that would have sent
him to Anaheim as a replacement for Kendry Morales.
The 34-year-old Berkman has begun the downward
descent of his career, and is batting .245 with 13 home runs and 49 RBI's. It is
the Yankees' hope that the excitement of a pennant chase will energize
Berkman. The Yankees sent minor leaguers
Mark Melancon, a reliever, and Jimmy Paredes, an infielder, to Houston in the
deal. Melancon, 25, was once being groomed as an eventual
successor for Mariano Rivera, but he's failed to achieve his potential.
The other new Yankee is former Reds, Nationals and
Indians outfielder Austin Kearns. Kearns
was in the Tribe's lineup tonight and had a couple of hits until he was lifted
in the 7th for a pinch runner.
Kearns will move from a starting role to a part-time one with the Yanks,
and he'll most likely start in left when Brett Gardner slides to center in
relief of Curtis Granderson against certain lefthanders. Kearns is batting .272 with 8 HR's and 42 RBI's.
Both players will probably be long gone by Spring
Training 2011, but for now, they have a chance to play a major role in the
Yankees' drive for the play-offs.
The Yankees do not plan to be quiet before the end
of the trading deadline as they are rumored to be one of several teams involved
in discussions with the Chicago Cubs for pitcher Ted Lilly, a former Yank, and
according to a tweet by ESPN's Buster Olney, they are working on a deal for a
back-up third baseman.
Regardless of what happens, the Rays are guaranteed
of seeing faces tomorrow that weren't present at Tropicana Field tonight. I just hope that tomorrow doesn't find Adam
Dunn in the opposing dugout.
At least the Boston Red Sox lost tonight…


text:
Anyway...I will admit a little zig zag livens up a room.
Monday, February 11, 2013
Mod Mix Monday #88
Anyway...I will admit a little zig zag livens up a room.
19 comments:
- The Refeathered Roost said...
Great features, Nita. Thanks so much for hosting. Hope your have a wonderful week!
- February 10, 2013 at 7:48 PM
- Cyndi ✪ Blue Star said...
What a great way to start the week! Thanks for hosting a fabulous party!!
- February 10, 2013 at 7:50 PM
- Melissa Skidmore said...
Nita, Thanks so much for hosting! Life to the full, Melissa @ DaisyMaeBelle
- February 10, 2013 at 8:20 PM
- Jennifer @ Town and Country Living said...
While I'm not a fan of chevron, I do like that dresser. Thanks for hosting, Nita!
- February 10, 2013 at 8:21 PM
- Cynthia Myers said...
love all your picks but ADORE the Number Fifty Three one. Totally my style.
- February 10, 2013 at 8:22 PM
- Joy@aVintageGreen said...
Hi Nita, love joining in with your linky party. Thank you for hosting.
- February 10, 2013 at 9:34 PM
- Stacey said...
I like spots of chevron on pillows and accessories. Definitely not on a whole couch. Might make me dizzy. :)
- February 10, 2013 at 10:15 PM
- Kathryn Ferguson Griffin said...
Thank you for hosting! Wishing you a pretty week, Nita! Toodles, Kathryn @TheDedicatedHouse
- February 10, 2013 at 10:42 PM
- Magali@TheLittleWhiteHouse said...
Thanks for hosting! Have a nice Monday!
- February 11, 2013 at 12:03 AM
- Miss Kitty said...
Hi Nita! Thanks for hosting your party for us this week. I made some chevron pillows this week to help stage my mom's house to put it on the market. They really made an amazing impact on almost single-handedly updating the room.
- February 11, 2013 at 12:10 AM
- Tanya Runkle said...
Thank you so much for hosting!!
xo, Tanya
- February 11, 2013 at 12:57 AM
- Diane said...
Love all the furniture pieces you featured. That chevron sofa is too busy for me though. Thanks for hosting!
- February 11, 2013 at 1:44 AM
- Debbie@Debbie-Dabble and A Debbie-Dabble Christmas said...
Thanks so much for hosting!!
Happy Valentine's Day to you and MOM!!
- February 11, 2013 at 7:16 AM
- Angela Santaniello said...
Thanks so much for including my living room in your features, Nita! I always find the best inspiration at your party. And you totally made me smile this morning. You are so right. Chevron is just zig zag like Charlie Brown's shirt. Love it!
- February 11, 2013 at 7:58 AM
- Karen Mary Butterfly said...
So many great featured posts and entries! Lovely party!
- February 11, 2013 at 8:28 AM
- bj said...
Top photo is beautiful...I am not a Chevron fan but I sure would take that room ...:))
- February 11, 2013 at 8:40 AM
- My Shabby Chic Home said...
Thank you very much for hosting another great party! Come back later to enjoy what other participants have created! Have a nice week!
- February 11, 2013 at 11:38 AM
- Debra @ Common Ground said...
Hey Nita, just linked up, thanks for having us!!
- February 11, 2013 at 3:43 PM
Hi Nita,I generally don't like bold chevron designs,however, I really like the painted dresser. Go figure.
- February 11, 2013 at 6:21 PM


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The coordinator for the state's Criminal Detention Facilities Review Committee, has informed Logan County Judge Gus Young that if "continuing problems" at the Logan County Detention Center in Paris are not addressed within one year, the committee may be forced to put the facility on probation or petition the Attorney General to close the jail.
In a letter dated Oct. 10, Danny Hickman, coordinator for the committee, listed the continuing problems as chronic overcrowding, lack of inmate separation, cell designs that do not meet requirements of state law and a lack of sufficient staffing. In the letter, Hickman said the county jail doesn't meet minimum Arkansas jail standards.
The conditions mentioned in the letter existed when the 15th Judicial District Criminal Facilities Review Committee conducted an inspection of the facility on Sept. 30.
Logan County Sheriff Steve Smith said if the inspection had resulted in a letter grade for the jail, "it would be a D. Not to the point of failing but pushing it."
Logan County Detention Center Administrator Chief Deputy David Spicer said the committee was giving the county "fair warning."
"They told us they are going to have to do something if we don't do something about the four main issues they identified," Spicer said.
On the day of the inspection, Spicer said the jail was housing 50 prisoners. The maximum capacity is 34.
"Of those 50 prisoners, 33 of them are in jail awaiting trial of felony charges," Spicer said. "Eleven of them have been convicted of felony charges and are waiting for space to open up in the Arkansas Department of Correction. We are waiting on a call telling us to bring them."
The overcrowding at the jail was described in the letter as "an extremely dangerous situation for the staff, inmates and the community."
As for being understaffed, Smith said "staffing can only be addressed by hiring additional employees. Funds would have to be allocated to hire them."
Smith has been saying for more than a year that the jail needs major renovations or a new jail needs to be built and has advocated the passage of a sales tax to fund either. The County Judge appointed a committee last year to take a look at the jail situation. The committee looked at renovating the jail and or finding property to build a new jail. The ideas have not moved further than that, County Judge Gus Young said.
Smith said there are short term and long term solutions available to the county.
"In the long term, a new jail has to be built," he said. "In the short term, the solution is to house inmates at other facilities and we can't afford to do that. Or, we set a maximum number of inmates we can house and don't go over that maximum."
In the letter, Hickman states that failing to address the situation could be expensive.
"It needs to be understood that constitutional issues may arise that can generate a lot more expenses than what a reasonable jail renovation would cost," Hickman wrote.


text:
Home >> Course Descriptions >> College of Education
School Administration
Three semester hours.
Organizational theories are examined. The course focuses on organizational leadership, problem solving, and decision-making techniques, their characteristics, and their applications. Prerequisites: Graduate standing and departmental admission approval. Must be taken within the first semester of enrollment in the program.
Home - General Information - Student Services -
Academic Undergraduate Regulations -
Undergraduate Degrees - Academic Graduate Regulations -
Graduate Degrees - Course Descriptions - Faculty -
Appendix A - Appendix B - Appendix C - Appendix D


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Pillorying is a public embarrassment punishment dating back to the Middle Ages, but it was used to great effect recently when a young man in Valley Falls, New York, allegedly lit an American flag in front of a VFW Post on fire .
According to the Albany Times Union, a young man entered the bar at VFW Post 1938 on Sept. 18. When he was turned away for not having proper identification, he supposedly cut the American flag from a flagpole in front of the building and lit it on fire.
Someone saw him do it, the Troy Record reported, and it didn't take long for enraged vets to find the fire starter.
They offered him three choices. They could hand him over to police, beat him up or duct-tape him to the flagpole for six hours, wearing a sign identifying the crime he allegedly committed.
He chose the latter option.
"He'll never disrespect the flag again, I can tell you that," said Post Commander Nick Normile, a Vietnam veteran.
Normile also said the burnt flag will be disposed of properly at an official ceremony sometime in the future.


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Almost Famous: Teens and Online Video
YouTube, MySpace, Facebook — tweens and teens are using these sites to star in their own reality shows. But what gets lost when good kids act bad for the world to see?
Scary Home Videos
They're not your usual home videos: Teenage boys crashing their car into a neighbor's fence for sport. A young girl pole dancing in skimpy underwear. A profanity-spewing video-gamester faking his suicide. Two teenage girls assaulting another girl with a deadly weapon. Those are just a few examples of kids so caught up in getting the attention of friends — and strangers — that they relinquish privacy, deliberately violate social norms, and willingly join in on law-breaking sprees.
The most disturbing aspect of this look-at-me frenzy, though, is the lengths to which kids will go to make it into the spotlight. Kids too shy to do an oral presentation at school head home and post a video of themselves provocatively performing in barely-there clothing — or less. Some kids will even fake their own humiliation, as two college students successfully did last February, when they staged a foul-mouthed breakup that had both of them looking astonishingly nasty.
Not that the real-life crowd watching the fight came off any better. Unaware it was all just a hoax, the crowd hooted, hollered, and cheered — as well as grabbed their cameras to film it — as accusations of sexual betrayal flew back and forth. All to the delight of nearly half a million YouTube visitors.
Life for teens, it seems, is being lived flat-out online. But what feels natural to kids appalls most adults. Why would anyone subject himself to cruelty, expose himself to ridicule, risk parental and legal consequences, and possibly ruin his reputation forever? The explanation is a tangle of human nature, kids' developmental needs, pop culture, technology, and parenting gone awry. We took a look at the reasons kids are taking such outrageous risks in this disturbing new manner.
The Watch-Me Generation
For computer-savvy kids, sites like YouTube, Facebook, and MySpace are just another means of communication. "The Internet is organic to their lives," says Jake Halpern, author of Fame Junkies (Houghton Mifflin). "They've used it forever, they get all their info on it, and it feels like a very friendly medium." Yet easy access — and the illusion of instant intimacy that it creates — is what generates one of the downsides of online communities. "Instead of going to school and making friends by talking to someone," says Roni Cohen-Sandler, author of Stressed-Out Girls (Penguin), "kids swap MySpace profiles and amass as many 'friends' as they can as a way of assuring themselves and the world that they're popular." You, like Paris Hilton, are now famous for being famous, albeit on a much smaller scale.
The inherent desire for attention gets pushed to the max when options for exposure are so easily available — and so far-reaching. "At one time you'd have to stand up on the cafeteria table to make a scene," says Halpern. "Now you just click a mouse." For kids who believe that the achievement bar has been raised too high, an easy alternative to being a winner is to aim for notoriety. Kids who didn't make the team, earn an A, or score a lead in the play can instead get their share of accolades by being bad. The payoff is real: Cheerleaders and jocks who used to ignore you now stop to ask, "Was that your video I saw?"
Even embarrassing another person is a way to get yourself noticed. "A key component of humiliating others — looking powerful in front of someone you want to impress — has gotten infinitely easier," says Ron Zodkevitch, MD, a member of Family Circle's Health Advisory Board. "You no longer have to confront the other person face-to-face to do it."
And virtual gossip spreads like a virus. "A couple of years ago somebody posted a photo of me holding a bottle on my Facebook page," says Joanna Follman, of Huntington, Long Island. "It was actually root beer, but it looked like a beer bottle. The people I work with saw it and posted printouts of the picture all over the place." In most cases it might not have been a big deal, but for Joanna, now 21, it was pretty awkward. "My job involved speaking to younger kids about not drinking," she says.
How Peer Pressure Plays a Role
Teens have always been thrill-seekers, but now their risk-taking is egged on by endless new videos and blogs of peers doing foolish or dangerous things. The sheer number of these peer insanities makes those activities seem normal and okay to kids, says Kathie Nunley, EdD, an educational psychologist in Amherst, New Hampshire, and founder of brains.org. Tamer exploits can also start to seem boring when you've viewed them on your computer screen a thousand times. Then there's competition with all those images. Typical kid-think can go like this: I see online brag photos of my friend drunk at a party. So next weekend I have to top that.
Our society's obsession with 24-7 celebrity coverage pushes the notion that living your life in full view of others is a good idea. "If celebrities, who seem to be most kids' role models nowadays, don't seem to care about privacy, why should they?" asks Michele Borba, PhD, author of 12 Simple Secrets Moms Know (Jossey-Bass). It's not just celebrities, either. American Idol aspirants let it all hang out, as do the people on reality shows like Real World and Laguna Beach.
All this look-at-me living is reflected in a new shallowness among kids, says Borba. "This is the faceless generation. They're communicating without the in-person contact that develops empathy, commitment, and relationships." If it doesn't feel like it matters all that much if you humiliate yourself or your friend, why not do it?
Interestingly, the relaxed feelings about privacy seem to go hand in hand with a new toughness. Asked whether critical comments about photos and videos posted online would be worrisome, 14-year-old Kendall Toole of Santa Clarita, California, responds, "People are entitled to their opinion. If you don't want to hear what they think, you can just disable their comments." (Kendall has posted YouTube videos of herself and her friends "just joking around" and some head shots on IMDb, the Internet Movie Database.) If you're less concerned about what others think, you're more likely to go for broke with what you post.
Why They Do It
As parents of adolescents have always known (even before science proved it), the brain doesn't fully develop until the early 20s. "Because adolescents have this wild, uninhibited hypothalamus [the primitive do-what-feels-good-now part of the brain], and a rather immature prefrontal cortex [the more rational what's-best-for-the-long-term part]," says Nunley, "they're not the best decision makers." Those immature minds meet hyper-hormonal bodies, and you've got online videos of kids beating each other up in the school yard and the like. In other words, the mouse gets clicked long before the brain actually kicks in.
Personality-wise, quick changes and hairpin turns are the norm for teens and tweens, and it's perfectly developmentally appropriate for them to play around, discovering what their tastes, interests, and values are. "As children begin dealing with core identity issues, they need ways to show the world that they have something of value to offer," says Eugene C. Roehlkepartain, senior adviser of the Search Institute in Minneapolis. Teens are using every tool available, and they're creating new personas based on the flood of information — especially from the Internet and reality TV.
Where Do We Go from Here?
Even though moms and dads live on Earth and kids live in cyberspace, we're still their parents. Once we understand why they're succumbing to the meaner opportunities provided by online communities and video-sharing sites, we can begin to counteract those forces. The key, says Dr. Zodkevitch, is to deal with the underlying issues. "Ask yourself, do your kids need more ways to feel worthwhile?" he says. "Can you provide other options for them to experiment with finding out who they are?" By redirecting them into smarter means of self-expression and teaching them what really matters, we can keep our kids and their online adventures within the bounds of common sense.
Stop Internet Thrill-Seeking
The ways to prevent kids from going wild online start with basics like insisting that computers only be used in public places in your home, installing parental-control programs, prohibiting personal-info sharing, and looking over their shoulder when they Web surf. But to fully address growing fame-game temptations, experts also recommend the following:
- Dial down your own addiction to celebrity gossip. It makes living your life publicly seem okay and doesn't show the downside of a lack of privacy. Instead, talk up real heroes. "Kids need to know that people who have actually achieved something are more important than people who go clubbing without their underwear," says Dr. Zodkevitch.
- Address your teen's craving to be constantly connected and entertained. "Kids today get bored easily and often have difficulty being alone," says Dr. Zodkevitch. Set up a tech-free time every day — or at least once a week — when everyone in the family turns off the computers, video games, and cell phones.
- Teach your child that how you treat other people is what matters most. It's more important than whether you can make them pay attention to you or envy you. "Kids need to know that it's more vital and rewarding to make a contribution to the world than to stand up and yell, 'I am here,'" says Dr. Zodkevitch. Doing volunteer work together as a family will instill a sense of thoughtfulness in your kids.
What's Happening Online
The following is just a sample of the footage we saw on the Internet — in some cases the kids are easily identifiable.
- A college sorority sister completely passed out, sprawled in an empty bathtub after her 21st birthday party.
- Teens declaring the toddler in the van with them is on illegal drugs as the 2-year-old girl's eyes roll back in her head.
- Teenagers and college students openly using drugs and drug paraphernalia, which is clearly labeled in picture captions.
- A teenage boy in a moving car with friends, purposely opening the back door to try to knock a passing kid off his bike. The teenager himself tumbles out of the vehicle onto the street.
- —Caren Oppenheim
The Odds of Finding Fame
Shows like American Idol and So You Think You Can Dance? make it seem easy to become a star overnight. It's nice to dream, but kids also need a reality check. Below, a look at the odds of landing a job in one of the following professions.
- Dancer — 1 in 3,832
- Actor — 1 in 1,968
- Musician or singer — 1 in 585
- Lawyer — 1 in 198
- Accountant — 1 in 121
- Childcare worker — 1 in 112
- Nurse — 1 in 61
- Teacher — 1 in 38
- Secretary — 1 in 36
Source: The Bureau of Labor Statistics
Copyright © 2007. Used with permission from the October 2007 issue of Family Circle magazine.


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By Dirk Hayhurst
Sure, I've been asked about the shift before.
I usually duck the question, the one about why hitters don't flick the ball the other way, or at the very least bunt when the other team has migrated to the other side of the ballpark and left so much prime real estate unoccupied. That's because the answer -- my answer -- usually induces more argument than satisfaction. It's not what stats men or baseball purists like to hear. It sounds trite and selfish, and, truth be told, the answer is: Hitters don't try and beat the shift because it's not worth their time.
When I think back to my (regrettably) extensive time in the minors, I can't think of a time the shift was ever used. Big data wasn't a thing in the arranging of minor league defenders. The baseball was and still is dictated more by getting prospects their at-bats, pitchers their innings and raw talents their experience. No thought is put into advanced defensive alignments.
That means that, for the bulk of a player's developmental career, he'll never be placed in a shift situation.
That doesn't mean a player won't be asked to hit the ball the other way. But, often times when the shift is employed, it means that a pitcher won't go down and away to give the batter something he could, even accidently, spray to the opposite field were no one is. The pitcher is working into the pull.
Furthermore, most minor league hitters are focusing on what they believe will get them to the big leagues. I once asked my first basemen in Triple-A, with the Las Vegas 51s, why he didn't try to walk more and take more pitches to the opposite field.
"Because I'm hunting that mistake pitch that I know I can hit out of the park," he said. "That's what's going to get me back up to The Show, not singles to opposite field."
I had to agree with him. He was big and slow, a three-true-outcomes type hitter. It made sense for him to specialize.
If this was a pure game, hits, no matter where they end up, are all that matter. But since it's not a pure game, but an enterprise with specialists getting paid for specialized skills with power being near the top of that skill set, why opt for singles when purists, old school scouts, saberists and check-cutting GMs are all keen on the long ball?
Ever wonder why more pitchers don't throw knuckleballs? Sure you do. Hell, when R.A. Dickey had his Cy Young season back in 2012, everyone wanted to learn the pitch. It was all the baseball community could talk about: Why don't more pitchers learn to throw the knuck'?"
The simple answer to that question is, because they don't have to.
Most players will make it to the big leagues without a knuckleball. In fact, they'll make it there because their other stuff is good enough to play at the top, and if they could simply maintain it, they should be jut fine.
Of course, not all pitchers will maintain their stuff. In fact, many will get hurt, flounder, die of attrition and be ruined by a small but horrible sample size. Such is life at the top of the sport, but learning a knuckleball isn't a panacea.
The knuckleball is a long-odds pitch, especially if you wait until you're in the pros to learn it. By then, it's not about learning a pitch you might someday use. Your someday is now. You need to show the world you can get the job done with what you've got in a very short period of time, or you're going to get released to make room for the next player trying to make a case for his future on a more reliable skill set.
The knuckleball could very well extend a player's career for years if mastered, but that's a big if. Take the mound a few times throwing a last-resort pitch like the knuckleball, and if the result is bad, you're deader than you were when you were simply trying to hold on with your diminishing, normal repertoire.
In a job of what have you done lately? there isn't a lot of time to experiment, and the risk isn't always worth the reward.
You may be inclined to ask what any of this has to do with beating the shift, or learning how to drop a bunt don't when there are no fielders on one side of the field?
The issue isn't so much that extra hits are bad, or that trying something new can't be efficacious on offense or defense. It's that time is short and setting up a new learning curve when one isn't needed is rarely helpful.
Pull hitters -- the kind of hitters the shift is employed against -- are playing a different set of odds. They know they can hit a mistake over the fence. That's what they're expected to do now, and that's what they'll get paid for in the future. The single that ups their batting average by a few points and gets them on first base doesn't factor into their gamble. Unless specifically asked to shoot the ball the other way by a coach, they want doubles, home runs and sac flies.
I've heard it said that hitting the ball the other way should be simple for the world's best athletes. But that's if you believe baseball players are some of the world's best athletes. I think it's a bit of a misnomer. It's more apt to say that major league baseball players are the world's best baseball specialists, with the vast majority of them gifted in only a few aspects of the game.
Driving the ball to all fields is a skill. Getting the bunt down against the world's most specialized pitchers who throw mid-90s fuzz with sink and cut is a skill. Pulling the ball out of the park with regularity is a skill. Focusing on one can and often does bring neglect to the others. At the end of the day, most players will continue doing what keeps them in Escalades with Gucci bags.
There is a time and a place to learn new skills in this game. If a player's career lasts long enough, he earns grace. Some players, on the strength of past accomplishments, can fail for an extended period of time until they develop a new skill that will help them compensate for a diminished one. This is the time power hitters learn to spray the ball, and waning pitchers learn the throw junk. The rest have to stick it out with what they've got.
The hardcore purist may say that a player's primary goal should be to do whatever it takes to win a ball game. I hear you, but, even as far back as college, when money wasn't a factor, I was told that I should always pitch to my strengths, even if they're not the best statistical matchup for the situation. For a hitter, it's much the same. If you're very good at one aspect of the game, and that's the aspect you've made your living on, there is no need to alter your approach when your career doesn't depend on it.
* * *
Dirk Hayhurst is a former pitcher who spent nearly a decade in professional baseball between MiLB and MLB. He is also a best-selling author, and has appeared on Baseball America, Bleacher Report, Deadspin, The Score, ESPN, TBS' MLB postseason broadcasts, Sportsnet Canada and more. More from Dirk at www.dirkhayhurst.com. Follow him on Twitter at @thegarfoose.


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RFL chicken for those bored with chicken
An RFL-friendly chicken breast recipe for those days when you can't face the thought of another plain grilled, baked, or stewed chicken breast. The marinade is super easy, super forgiving, and will make the chicken juicy and flavorful.
This recipe isn't really mine, although I couldn't tell you where I first stumbled across it besides "the internet", and I've adapted it to my tastes.
Yogurt-Marinaded Indian chicken:
4-6 chicken breasts, trimmed of visible fat
1/2 c. plain (unflavored) NF Greek or NF regular yogurt.
4-6 cloves garlic, minced, or you can cheat and use garlic powder
2-3 tsp curry powder
1-2 tsp cumin powder
1-2 tsp red pepper flakes or chili or cayenne pepper (use less if you go the cayenne route)
1/2 tsp ground cardamom or 1 tsp cardamom seeds (optional)
1/4 tsp. tumeric (optional)
1 tsp salt
pepper to taste
Stir everything but the chicken breasts in the measuring cup you used to measure the yogurt. It should be quite thick, but if it seems much too thick for a marinade, add a tablespoon (or a bit more) of lemon juice, the liquidy stuff that sometimes accumulates on the top of an opened carton of yogurt, or even just water. You can also check the spice level at this point, adding more spice if necessary.
Put the chicken breasts and the marinade in a ziploc bag. Get as much air out of the bag as you can, seal it, and squish it around so that the marinade coats all of the chicken. Refrigerate for 8-24 hours, squishing and turning the bag over when you're going to the fridge for something else.
Shake/scrape the excess marinade off the chicken and discard it. Salt each side again. Grill or pan "fry" the breasts on the stovetop, using just as much oil as you need to keep the breasts from sticking to the pan.
NOTE: yogurt- and milk-based marinades burn more easily than oil-based marinades, so don't walk away from these. I often sear each side of the chicken, let the marinade and juices reduce, and then, when the stuff on the bottom of the pan starts to turn dark brown, add 1/2 cup of water to the skillet, cover it, and turn the heat way down to prevent burning.
The cook time will depend a bit the thickness of the breasts, but for the 6-8 oz breasts you get from most American grocery stores, I'd say check after no more than 8-10 minutes. (Like all meat, chicken will keep cooking a bit after you turn off the heat, especially if you cover the pan.)
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In the video you can meet Elizabeth and Alex, who study at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. See what it is like to live and study in Denmark.
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