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You are looking at 1-20 of 134 articles
Afghan Trading Networks
Magnus Marsden and Benjamin D. Hopkins
Afghanistan has long been conventionally regarded as a remote space peripheral to the wider world. Yet scholarship produced in the 2nd decade of the 21st century suggests its multiple connections to a wide array of regions and settings. Such connections are especially visible when viewed through the lens of the trade networks originating from the territories of modern Afghanistan. Scholars have come to recognize that Afghan traders have long been active players in many contexts across Asia and beyond. Such traders and the networks they form play a critically important role in connecting different parts of Asia with one another, including South Asia and Eurasia, as well as East and West Asia. The connective role performed by Afghan caravanners and religious minorities in the trade between India and Central Asia are especially well documented by historians. Increasingly so too are the activities of Afghan merchants in Ottoman territories. The trading networks Afghan traders have participated in are historically dynamic. Their orientating values shift across time and space between various forms of religious, ethno-linguistic, and political identity. The capacity to adapt to changing circumstances is helpful in understanding the continuing relevance of Afghan traders to 21st-century forms of globalized capitalism, in contexts as varied as the former Soviet Union, China, and the Arabian Peninsula.
A Historical Sketch of Buddhism in Tibet
Dan Smyer Yü and Sonam Wangmo
With the available historical Tibetan written records from late 8th century on and the existing scholarly works on Buddhism, this historical overview recounts how Buddhism was Tibetanized and how it became both the national religion of Tibet and a world religion spread to Inner Asia, East Asia, and other parts of the world. It also adds interpretive commentaries leading to more historical inquiries and suggestions for alternative historiographical approaches to the formation of Tibetan Buddhism, adopted from disciplines other than history of religion and Buddhist studies. An emphasis is placed on the significance of folk accounts that reveal "the geomythological reorientation" of Buddhist conversion in the historical Tibetan context not merely as an intellectual and doctrinal acceptance of Indian Buddhism but also as a symbiotic process in which Indian Buddhism and indigenous religious practices mutually transformed each other. The emergence of the different Buddhist schools in Tibet is also a result of the politics of the sect-specific powers throughout Tibetan history. It is thus essential to recognize the formation of the five schools also as a set of religio-political occurrences, particularly since the formation of Gelug (dGe lugs) School in the 15th century and later becoming a Gelug-based Tibetan polity in the 17th century. The Gelug School dominated Tibetan Buddhism, and successive Dalai Lamas ruled Tibet from the mid-17th to the mid-20th centuries. Given the regional and global status of Tibetan Buddhism, emphasis is placed on Tibetan Buddhism as a transregional religion in Inner Asia and later as a form of modern Buddhism since the middle of the 20th century. With these emphases, the historical overview presented here is intended to generate more scholarly discussions and inquiries into the history of Tibetan Buddhism in both monastic and lay spheres in and outside Tibet.
Ancient Steppe Nomad Societies
Nikolay Kradin
Throughout more than two millennia, the extensive droughty areas in East Asia were occupied by pastoral nomads. A long history exists of hybridity between steppe and agricultural areas. The ancient nomads had a specific pastoral economy, a mobile lifestyle, a unique mentality that assumed unpretentiousness and stamina, cults of war, warrior horsemen, and heroized ancestors that were reflected, in turn, in both their verbal oeuvre (heroic epos) and their arts (animal style). They established vast empires that united many peoples. In the descriptions of settled civilizations, the peoples of the steppe are presented as aggressive barbarians. However, the pastoral nomads developed efficient mechanisms of adaptation to nature and circumjacent states. They had a complex internal structure and created different forms of social complexity—from heterarchical confederations to large nomadic empires. The different forms of identity in pastoral societies (gender, age, profession, rank) are presented in this article. Special attention is given to how ethnic identity is formed from small groups. The ethnic history of the ancient nomads of East Asia is described, particularly for such pastoral societies as the Xiongnu, the Wuhuan, the Xianbei, and the Rouran.
Archaeology of Buddhism in Asia
Himanshu Prabha Ray
The eightfold path shown by the Buddha in the middle of the first millennium
This essay is framed. Four themes are significant in the archaeology of Buddhism: the history of archaeology in Asia with reference to Buddhism; defining a chronology for the historical Buddha and sites associated with Buddhism; identifying regional specificities and contexts for Buddhist sites as they emerged across Asia; and finally addressing the issue of interconnectedness and interlinkages between the various sites within the Buddhist sāsana. The active participation of learned monks and nuns in the stūpa cult and their mobility across Asia is a factor that is underscored in this paper.
Asia in the Gunpowder Revolution
Scott C. Levi
Contrary to long-held notions that gunpowder weapons technologies were devised in the West and gradually transmitted eastward into Asia, more recent scholarship indicates that innovations flowed in both directions. Scholars have also come to recognize that there was no uniformity in the ways that states implemented gunpowder weapons, and that multiple factors relating to environment, demographics, and cultural preferences informed decisions about when and how to embrace the new technology. The major Asian agrarian states of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals (the so-called Gunpowder Empires) and the Ming and Qing dynasties in China implemented gunpowder weapons differently. The Ottomans were the most aggressive in this regard, the Mughals preferred a hybrid force, and the Safavids long favored cavalry. Chinese militaries employed hybrid forces to great effect, but in later years a lengthy peace during the Qing era slowed the implementation of new technologies. In Central Asia and other places where rulers could rely on large numbers of well-trained, fast-moving mounted archers and a nearly endless supply of horses, they found little reason to rush to embrace what for several centuries represented an expensive, slow, and unreliable technology.
Asian Indentured Labor in the 19th and Early 20th Century Colonial Plantation World
Richard B. Allen
The period between the mid-1830s and early 1920s witnessed the migration of some 3.7 million Africans, Chinese, Indians, Japanese, Melanesians, and other peoples throughout and beyond the colonial plantation world to work as laborers under long-term written and short-term oral contacts. Studies of this global labor migration over the last forty years have been heavily influenced by Hugh Tinker's 1974 argument that the indentured labor system was essentially "a new system of slavery." There has also been a propensity toward specialized and compartmentalized studies of the indentured experience in various parts of Africa, the Caribbean, the southwestern Indian Ocean, India, Southeast Asia, and Australasia, with a particular emphasis on systems of labor control and worker resistance. Recent scholarship reveals that this labor system began two decades earlier than previously believed, and illustrates the need to explore new topics and issues in more fully developed local, regional, and global contexts.
Asian Piracy
Sebastian R. Prange
Piracy has been an important and persistent feature of Asia's maritime history. In fact, the largest pirate organizations in all of history were found in Asia. Although often regarded as the antithesis of trade, piracy is actually closely related to the world of commerce. Pirates were themselves often traders (or smugglers) and relied on merchants to outfit their ships and sell their plunder. Despite the obvious and primary economic dimension of piracy, pirates were also political actors. This observation is significant because piracy has traditionally been distinguished from other forms of maritime predation (especially privateering, but also naval warfare) by stressing its supposedly inherently private nature. In Asia, however, the history of piracy is very much defined by its political contexts. Pirates themselves formed polities, whether as part of established coastal communities or in their endeavors to build their own states. What is more, as was the case in Europe, pirates often colluded with territorial states that used them as an instrument of state power, in order to harass and weaken their rivals. The political dimension of Asian piracy has long been overlooked due to the preponderance of European concepts and sources, which tend to depict all Asians involved in maritime predation as mere criminals. More nuanced studies of Asian pirates, especially when based on non-European sources, promise fresh insights into the commercial, social, and political worlds of maritime Asia.
Aviation and Asian Modernity 1900–1950
Alan Baumler
Between 1903 and 1950, aviation technology was spread around the world and became a key concern of governments and a cultural marker of modernity. After 1903, Asia had to be explored again. Almost as soon as heavier than air flight became possible, French and British fliers began pioneering new routes to Asian cities and developing new maps and new airports along the way. With these new forms of knowledge, the colonial powers quickly moved to tie together their empires. New mapping techniques allowed for new forms of control, including what the British called "air policing," the idea that judicious use of aircraft, and in some cases bombs and poison gas, could cheaply pacify far-flung colonial populations.
Aviation was one field, however, where the Europeans did not have a long lead on Asians. Just as Europeans were using aviation to express their dominance, Asians were using it to express their modernity. Feng Ru was making and flying his own planes in San Francisco by 1912, and Siam had an air force by 1913. Asian social and political elites, who had once traveled by rail and steamship, now preferred to fly instead. "Air-mindedness" became a marker of global citizenship.
Japan was the first Asian country to have an aviation industry. They proved their technological prowess to the rest of the world when they entered World War II. Their pilots bombed cities and fleets across Asia between 1937and 1945. The experience of being bombed as well as the drills and community organizations that grew out of experience ushered in a societal awareness of the military power of airplanes. The war culminated with two atomic air raids and was followed by a scramble to occupy and connect the newly liberated and independent parts of Asia. The post–World War II period led to an intensified effort to tie Asia together with faster transportation
Beer and Whisky in Japanese Marketplaces
Jeffrey W. Alexander
Japan has a local, centuries-old tradition of brewing sake from rice and distilling spirits from ingredients such as grain and sweet potatoes, but pioneering entrepreneurs began producing imported "Western liquors" (yōshu) in the late 19th century. This Western liquor marketplace was driven chiefly by beer brewing and whisky distilling. Western liquors were marketed, advertised, and consumed with rising popularity through the early 20th century, as living standards rose and ordinary Japanese came to afford them regularly. Following the Second World War (1939–1945), these Western commodities were no longer viewed as foreign imports, and were instead broadly regarded as domestic, if not indigenous, products. The impact of wartime rationing transformed beer into a lighter-tasting beverage that became very popular with women and young people, and whisky advertising focused closely on professional "salarymen" seeking increased prestige as well as escape from their demanding jobs.
Bengali Communities in Colonial Assam
Sanghamitra Misra
The history of the Bengali community in Assam, along with many other communities such as the Marwari traders and the Nepalis, can be dated to the early decades of British rule in Assam when the East India Company found itself relying on Bengali amlahs (court officials) for its policing, legal and revenue administration of the newly acquired kingdom of Assam. The Bengali community grew partly due to the encouragement that the Company gave the Bengali language by using it in its courts, administration, and schools. While in 1873 Assamese replaced Bengali as the medium of instruction and language of the court, with some caveats and exceptions, the province of Assam, which was formed in 1874, brought together four historically distinct spaces in the region, including the two Bengali-speaking districts (Sylhet and Cachar) of the Barak-Surma Valley. The decades leading to Partition witnessed various factors, including employment opportunities and cultural and linguistic belonging, leading to contradictory pulls in Sylhet and Cachar on the question of whether it should be integrated with Bengal or Assam. Another important factor was the growth of linguistically based Assamese nationalism whose politics lay in the articulation of a unique Assamese literary and cultural identity along with the securing of employment opportunities. The latter would lead to a demand of an Assamese homeland free of competition from the Bengali middle class. A referendum in July 1947 based on limited franchise led to Sylhet being integrated to Pakistan while Cachar remained part of Assam and India. Other than the Bengali-speaking communities of Sylhet and Cachar, a history of the Bengali-speaking communities in Assam involves the story of peasant cultivators from East Bengal who continuously migrated into Assam in the early decades of the 20th century. While earlier pre-colonial patterns of migration were seasonal, the colonial state's primary aim of acquiring high agrarian revenue led to specific policies and schemes that encouraged peasant migration into Assam from East Bengal. This further encouraged an intensification of commercial agriculture especially jute, changes in the transport network in the Brahmaputra valley, a developed credit network, and some local elements such as Marwari businessmen and Assamese moneylenders. However, with time this migration created conditions of insecurity for Assamese peasants who faced ejection from their lands as a result of the growing competition for cultivable land and higher rents. The colonial state's attempt at regulating the migration—such as through the Line System in the 1920s—became a site of contestation among many emerging nationalist and political perspectives, whether of the Congress, the Muslim League or others. The tussle between the preservation of the rights and claims of indigenous peasants over grazing and forest reserves and those of Bengali Muslim immigrants over land defined the politics of the 1940s in Assam until Partition.
Bollywood in Africa
Ned Bertz
The presence of Bollywood films in Africa has a long history, one embedded in larger cultural and commodity exchanges between the continent and South Asia. "Bollywood" is a modern signifier for older film industries located in colonial and postcolonial India, with the largest export being commercial Hindi-Urdu movies produced in Bombay. Their circulation played out distinctly in different parts of Africa, based on colonial connections, Indian diasporic networks, regional trading linkages, and audience tastes. East Africa first saw the arrival of Indian films in the 1920s, imported by diasporic Indian entrepreneurs who opened movie theaters and screened Hollywood and British films as well. Indian and African communities both consumed Bombay movies and they increasingly came to lead East African box office shares for decades, even as moviegoing declined toward the end of the 20th century. Bollywood films reached South Africa in the 1930s and later were the preserve of isolated Indian communities under Apartheid in cities like Durban, home to a large South Asian population as a result of colonial indentured labor flows. Hindi and Tamil movies formed a cultural touchstone for settled diasporic populations who engaged with representations from a perceived homeland, although Bollywood films were mainstreamed in South African society in the 1990s.
In West Africa, lacking robust Indian diasporic networks, Lebanese traders introduced Bollywood films in the 1950s. They became immensely popular among African audiences in places like northern Nigeria and Senegal. As in East Africa, West African audiences interpreted foreign films in line with localized cultural and political values. By the 1990s, Nigerians were making some movies that riffed off popular Indian films in a global milieu of cultural mixing. In North Africa, distributors first marketed Indian movies in the 1950s to Egypt, where they attained a cult following. Bollywood stars and paraphernalia gained social prominence, although the public screening of films dwindled in the 1990s, forcing Arab fans to rely on alternate circulations, which continued into the early 21st century throughout the continent thanks to satellite television and other media technologies. The long-standing popularity of Bollywood in Africa should be no surprise given the worldwide spread of Bombay films from their inception, a tradition of exchange between South Asia and Africa, especially across Indian Ocean and imperial worlds, and Africans' historically vigorous participation in regional and global cultural economies.
Buddhist Medicine and Its Circulation
C. Pierce Salguero
"Buddhist medicine" is a convenient term commonly used to refer to the many diverse ideas and practices concerning illness and healing that have emerged in Buddhist contexts, or that have been embraced and carried by that religion as it has spread throughout Asia and beyond. Interest in exploring the relationship between mind and body, understanding the nature of mental and physical suffering, and overcoming the discomforts of illness goes back to the very origins of Buddhism. Throughout history, Buddhism has been one of the most important contexts for the cross-cultural exchange of diverse currents of medicine. Medicine associated with and carried by Buddhism formed the basis for a number of local healing traditions that are still widely practiced in much of East, Southeast, and Central Asia. Despite the fact that there are numerous similarities among these regional forms, however, Buddhist medicine was never a cohesive or fixed system. Rather, it should be thought of as a dynamic, living tradition with a few core features and much local variation. Local traditions of Buddhist medicine represent unique hybrid combinations of cross-culturally transmitted and indigenous knowledge. In the modern period, such traditions were thoroughly transformed by interactions with Western colonialism, scientific ideas, and new biomedical technologies. In recent decades, traditional, modern, and hybrid forms of medicine continue to be circulated by transnational Buddhist organizations and through the global popularization of Buddhist-inspired therapeutic meditation protocols. Consequently, Buddhism continues today to be an important catalyst for cross-cultural medical exchange, and it continues to exert a significant influence on healthcare practices worldwide.
Buddhist Religious Practice in Imperial China
Natasha Heller
Buddhist practice transformed the religious landscape in China, introducing new forms of mental cultivation and new ritual technologies within an altered cosmology of spiritual goals. Buddhist practice was carried out by individuals, but was equally as often a communal activity. A basic unit of religious practice was the family; Buddhist cultivation was also carried out by communities of practice at monasteries, which were also sites of large-scale rituals. Forms of religious practice included meditation, oral recitation, ritual performances including confession and vow making, and merit-making activities. Meditation encompassed following breath and exercises that recreated Buddhist images in the practitioner's mind. Meditation could be carried out while sitting, or while walking, and might also incorporate recitation of scriptures, names of the Buddhas, and dhāraṇī. Indeed, meditation practices were most often embedded in liturgical sequences that included confession, vows, and merit dedication. The goal of these religious practices might be personal spiritual development; through the concept of merit transference, religious activities also worked to benefit others, especially the dead. The fundamental of components of Buddhist practice were present very early in the tradition's history in China, and over time these elements were combined in new ways, and with reference to changing objects of devotion. The four major bodhisattvas of Mañjuśrī (Wenshu 文殊), Samantabhadra (Puxian 普賢), Kṣitigarbha (Dizang 地藏), and Avalokiteśvara (Guanyin 觀音) were especially important as objects of devotion, and also were emplaced in the Chinese landscape, where they were incorporated into pilgrimages.
Bukhara under the Mongols
Michael Hope
In Muharram
Bukhara's status as an intellectual, economic, and political capital of Transoxania was diminished during the period of Mongol rule. Samarqand was designated as the administrative capital of Transoxania for much of this period, and the presence of Mongol forces in Nakhshab saw Bukhara subordinated to the itinerate court of the Chaghadaid-Mongol princes. Nevertheless, the city continued to be seen as an important center of religious scholarship, and its prestige was boosted by the fact that it served as the base for two of the leading Sufi movements of its time, the Kubrawiyya and the Naqshbandiyya.
The Canton Trade, 1700–1842
Paul A. Van Dyke
In 1684, China reopened its doors to trade with the outside world, which had a huge impact on the development of global commerce. Canton quickly emerged as one of the few ports in the world where everyone was welcomed and where everyone (except Japanese and Russians) had access to everything including tea, silk, and porcelain. Unlike other ports, individual traders in Canton could buy and sell the same high-quality products as those handled by the East India companies. As the Canton trade grew, international networks became more sophisticated; as more ships went to China, new forms of remittance such as Letters of Credit and Bills of Exchange became standard, which streamlined international finance; as more money flowed into Canton, more goods were distributed worldwide, which gave rise to globalization; as economies in both the eastern and western hemispheres became more integrated with the Chinese market, there was a parallel decline in the risks of conducting trade, which encouraged the advancement of private enterprise. One by one the large East India companies found it increasingly more difficult to compete and went broke.
However, the success of the Canton trade was also its weakness. Because the legal trade was so dependent on silver collected from opium sales, and because a decline in opium sales would likely lead to a decline in rice imports, only minimal efforts were made by local officials to stop the smuggling. Foreigners were eventually able to overcome the system with the outbreak of war in the late 1830s, but this happened because the system had already defeated itself.
Catholic Christianity in Korean History
Franklin Rausch
From its establishment on the peninsula in 1784 to Pope Francis's visit to beatify 124 martyrs, in 2014, 230 years later, the Catholic Church in Korea has experienced massive change as it has sought to navigate persecution, imperialism, national division, war, dictatorship, and democratization. Despite the challenges it has faced, the Korean Catholic Church has managed to transform itself from a tiny, marginalized community into a highly respected part of Korean society with millions of members. This history can be divided into four periods: the time of hope, in which some Koreans came to believe that Catholicism would bring both spiritual salvation and this-worldly knowledge (the early 16th century to 1784); the time of persecution in which Catholics on the Korean peninsula suffered and died for their faith (1784–1886); the time of imperialism (1886–1945), during which Catholics had to balance the demands of nation, state, and faith in the face of increasing Japanese control of their country; and the time of development (1945–2014) as the Catholic Church in South Korea (the Catholic Church in North Korea being essentially destroyed) became an increasingly integral and active part of Korean society.
China and the Asian World, 1500–1900
Matthew W. Mosca
China's relations with the Asian world between 1500 and 1900 were shaped by a variety of political, economic, and cultural factors. A common denominator in these international relationships was a loose framework of ideological principles and administrative procedures later dubbed by scholars the "tributary system." This "system," first posited in the early 1940s, has remained the single most influential concept for interpreting the interactions of Ming and Qing China with Asian countries. However, in recent decades it has been critiqued from various perspectives, narrowed in the scope of its application, and modified by a greater focus on the actual course of specific cases rather than ideological principles. That is, historians have increasingly come to understand China's relations with the Asian world as influenced by pragmatic considerations and changing local dynamics, so that each relationship and the factors shaping it are best understood on their own terms. One approach to the study of Ming and Qing relations with the Asian world is to consider it within the framework of three regional groupings. China's interactions with its neighbors in Northeast Asia were shaped by its largely stable relations with Korea and the Ryukyu Kingdom, and its radically fluctuating relations with Japan, sometimes marked by conflict and sometimes by the deliberate avoidance of political contact. Early Ming political relations with maritime Southeast Asia atrophied as the role of European and private Chinese merchant intermediaries increased. Those with continental Southeast Asia (particularly Burma, Siam, and Vietnam), more enduring, were influenced by intense regional rivalries that occasionally impinged on the borderlands of China's southern provinces. In these two regions, the Ming–Qing transition, although particularly resented in Korea where it involved two invasions, did not radically alter existing patterns of international relations. By contrast, the vast territorial expansion of the Qing Empire did greatly change China's foreign relations to the north and west, where it encountered states that had not had relations with the Ming. In these regions the Qing government drew principles and practices from its foreign relations in the south and east, but modified them to fit new conditions. After 1800, and more intensively after 1850, European and later Japanese imperial power began to penetrate Central, South, Southeast, and ultimately East Asia, in each region undermining existing Qing relationships with Asian neighbors. By 1900, virtually all former Qing tributaries were under the direct or indirect control of the British, Russian, French, or Japanese empires.
China's Imperial Institution
Yuri Pines
Emperors were the symbolic and administrative pivot of the Chinese empire ever since its establishment in 221
The contradiction between the emperor's nominal omnipotence and his limited ability to impose his personal will on his subjects was imbued into the imperial institution from its very inception. Chinese thinkers of pre-imperial age (pre-221
Chinese Ceramic Production and Trade
John Miksic
Ceramics are the most abundant types of artifacts made by human beings in the last 12,000 years. Chinese potters discern two types of products: earthenware (tao), which is porous and does not resonate when struck, and wares with vitreous bodies (ci), which ring like a bell. Western potters and scholars differentiate stoneware, which is semi-porous, from porcelain, which is completely vitrified.
The earliest ceramics in the world are thought to have been made in China around 15,000 years ago. By the Shang dynasty, potters in China began to decorate the surfaces of their pottery with ash glaze, in which wood ash mixed with feldspar in clay to impart a shiny surface to the pottery. The first ash-glazed wares were probably made south of the Yangzi in Jiangnan.
In the 9th century, China began to export pottery, which quickly became sought after in maritime Asia and Africa. Pottery making for export became a major industry in China, employing hundreds of thousands of people, and stimulating the development of the first mass-production techniques in the world. Much of the ceramic industry was located along China's south and southeast coasts, conveniently located near ports that connected China with international markets. Chinese merchants had to adapt their wares to suit different consumers. For the last 1,000 years, Chinese ceramics provided an enormous amount of archaeological information on trade and society in the lands bordering the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean, contributing a major source of data to the study of early long-distance commerce, art, technology, urbanization, and many other topics. This section presents statistics from important sites outside China where Chinese ceramics have been found.
Chinese Charting of Maritime Asia
Timothy Brook
Navigation played a major role in the integration of East Asian polities and economies prior to and during the arrival of European traders in the 16th and 17th centuries. That arrival stimulated an increase in the volume of intra-regional trade in East Asia as Chinese merchants organized exports on a large scale to meet European demand, yet the history of the production of nautical charts in China has been little studied, due in no small part to the poor survival of sea charts and other documentation. The most important new addition to maritime charting in the past decade is the rediscovery of the Selden Map in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. This map of navigation routes throughout East Asia is unprecedented, and may be seen as marking the beginning of the transformation of Chinese cartography under the influence of European mapping techniques.


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Pasta With Shrimp and Sicilian Pesto
I've been reading Faith Willinger's newest book, "Adventures of an Italian Food Lover." It's quite a fun read. She takes you all over Italy and profiles lots of her friends and includes "254 recipes from my very best friends." And she's not kidding. She knows everyone. For those of you not familiar with Faith Willinger, she is quite famous in the Italian foodie world. She is an American who has been living in Florence for 25 years. She's written a number of cookbooks and she travels and speaks and gives cooking lessons out of her home in Florence. She does "market to table" lessons where she takes the class to the produce stands and selects what's fresh that day and everyone goes back to her home to cook. I just had to try this pasta from Osteria Antica Marina in Sicily. It's a light, delicate dish.
- 1 pound large shrimp, with shells
- 4-6 cherry tomatoes
- salt
- 2 Tbls. chopped almonds
- 2 Tbls. pine nuts
- 1 tsp. chopped fresh mint
- 2 Tbls. chopped fresh basil
- 1 garlic clove
- 14-16 ounces short pasta.
Simmer for 30 minutes, then strain the mixture and reduce the broth over high heat to obtain 3/4 cup stock. Adjust for salt.
Combine the almonds, pine nuts, mint, basil, garlic, and 1/4 cup of the stock in a blender or puree with an immersion blender.
Bring a pot with 6 quarts of water to a boil. Add 2 to 3 tablespoons of salt and the pasta. Cook the pasta until if offers considerable resistance to the tooth, around three-quarters of the package recommended cooking time. Drain the pasta, reserving 1 cup of the pasta water.
Transfer the pasta to a large skillet or a 3 or 4 quart pot. Add the pesto, 1/2 cup stock and the shrimp. Cook over high heat, stirring gently and frequently, until the past is cooked through and the shrimp are hot. Add the pasta water, 1/4 cup at a time, if the sauce seems dry. Add salt to your taste.
Tip: Yes, they are serious when they tell you to add 2 to 3 tablespoons of salt to the pasta water. In Italy, they believe the pasta should be cooked in very salty water, to flavor the pasta, and it should have the "taste of the sea".


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Big Brother's Lawyers
Free speech zone – It is shorthand for holding two contradictory opinions while believing in both of them. Incongruous logic, to be sure. And yet, that is the mindset that too many public college administrators impose on students in an attempt to make them believe that the best way to honor the First Amendment is by abridging it. They do so by restricting student speech to tiny "free speech zones" and by strictly controlling access thereto.
Such Orwellian doublethink is dystopian in principle and destructive in practice. Worse still, though many such policies are patently unconstitutional, an unfortunate number of university lawyers defend them until legally contested or fought out in court, whereupon taxpayers flip a hefty bill for their unconstitutional actions. Nonetheless, no one holds these public servants to account for their transgressions.
Cases in point: As late as 2012, the University of Cincinnati's policy limited all "demonstrations, pickets, and rallies" to a "Free Speech Area" comprising just 0.1% of the university's 137-acre West Campus. Much the same logic informed a Texas Tech University rule that once confined First Amendment activities to a single 20 foot-diameter gazebo – this for a campus of 28,000 students! Both policies were unconstitutional, but they were abandoned only after lawyers representing students took action.
Such examples are hardly past tense. Take Southeastern Louisiana University's policy. It limits student speech to two hours every seven days and designates three areas of campus for assembly. The policy likewise requires a full week's advance notice for assemblies and obliges all applicants to provide their birth date and Social Security number. Finally, consider the free speech policy of Modesto Junior College (MJC) in California. It limits speakers to one "little cement area."
Against that backdrop, MJC's Orwellian rules are being tested in a federal court. The case involves Robert Van Tuinen, a MJC student. Mr. Van Tuinen started to distribute copies of the Constitution on Constitution Day. But his non-obstructive civic-minded acts were deemed unlawful. Why? Because they were outside the ordained little portion of the school's East Campus. Moreover, he had not complied with the school's strict five-day prior application policy. As stated in the complaint contesting the rule, the MJC policy also "limits all individuals and student groups to using the free speech zone for no more than eight hours each semester. Given the size of the student body, the free speech 'allowance' amounts to scarcely more than two-and-half minutes per student, per semester." Mind you, these rules were designed or approved or enforced and/or defended by lawyers acting on behalf of the College.
Though the College may regulate the "time, place, and manner" of campus speech, its policies are well beyond the pale of that tenet of law. The MJC policy unduly abridges student rights by confining them to tiny areas; it likewise constitutes an impermissible prior restraint; as applied, the policy is also unconstitutionally overbroad in regulating time, place, and manner; and finally, the rule is unduly vague insofar as it has no meaningful criteria to determine whose "free speech zone" applications are granted or denied.
Robert Corn-Revere, a noted First Amendment lawyer, is representing Van Tuinen. His petition seeks declaratory and injunctive relief along with monetary damages for the violation of his client's constitutional rights. He also seeks reasonable attorneys' fees. And then there is the institutional cost of defending such unconstitutional policies.
Regrettably, such policies are not aberrational. "Though free speech zones like that of MJC are consistently defeated in court," says Greg Lukianoff (president of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education), "our latest research shows that one in five public four-year colleges we surveyed have unduly restrictive free speech zone policies."
What to do? First, college administrators must understand that exercising First Amendment rights in a peaceful and civil manner can further the mission of liberal education. Second, university attorneys should review their policies to be sure they comport with both the letter and the spirit of the First Amendment. Third, the National Association of College and University Attorneys should consider revising the 2009 guidelines it circulated concerning "campus facilities use policies," especially the section concerning First Amendment freedoms. Rather than pruning down to the narrowest scope of such freedoms, it should instead identify ways to enhance bona fide First Amendment rights. Finally, First Amendment lawyers such as Mr. Corn-Revere, educators such as Robert M. O'Neil (past president of the University of Virginia), and activists such as Mr. Lukianoff should be included in the process.
If colleges teach First Amendment principles, they should take care to practice them, too.
Ronald Collins is the Harold S. Shefelman scholar at the University of Washington School of Law. His next book (with David Skover) comes out this spring and is titled When Money Speaks: The McCutcheon Case, Campaign Finance Laws & the First Amendment (Top Five Books).


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The Philautus poppiae frog is native to Sri Lanka and lives in closed canopy cloud forest. It is classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ due to the ongoing decline in the quality and extent of its forest habitat.
Nineteen species of frogs native to Sri Lanka have gone extinct due to continuing habitat loss essentially caused by smallholder farming activities and logging. Drought and the use of agrochemicals in cardamom cultivation are additional threats. No other country in the world has more documented amphibian extinctions. Therefore, it is an urgent priority to protect the remaining forests in Sri Lanka to prevent further losses of species.
The IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group identified a 1,000-hectare cloud forest called Morningside as a top priority because a total of 11 globally Threatened amphibians, three endemic lizards, and three species of endemic freshwater crabs are native to this threatened forest. The Morningside Cloud Forest, where Conservation International has now been working for the past five years, is located in southeast Sri Lanka just east of the Sinharaja World Heritage Site.
The IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group and local partners, including Conservation International, the Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, IUCN Sri Lanka, and the Forest Department of Sri Lanka convinced the government of Sri Lanka to designate all 1,000 hectares of the Morningside Cloud Forest as a Forest Reserve for Biodiversity Conservation, which ensures its protection in perpetuity.
The IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group and local partners are now developing and implementing a management plan to enable reserve staff to effectively protect threatened species within Morningside.
Concerned about the local economy for people in the region around Morningside, IUCN and Conservation International staff are developing and implementing a management plan that targets the sustainable harvest of cardamom within portions of the Morningside Cloud Forest. Cardamom plants, which do not tolerate direct sunlight, are currently grown in the understory of the forest, where the cloud forest trees provide necessary shade. However, the cardamom is being grown in a way that is not only incompatible with maintaining a tree canopy, but is also potentially harming threatened frog species in other ways.
Because both cardamom plants and threatened species benefit from a healthy cloud forest habitat, there is great potential for developing cardamom farming in a way that is compatible with biodiversity conservation. The management plan will focus on how to cultivate cardamom efficiently, providing revenue to the local community without negatively impacting cloud forest trees and the threatened species that inhabit the forest.
In addition, the IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group are working with IUCN Sri Lanka to incorporate the Morningside Cloud Forest Reserve within the Sinharaja World Heritage Site, which will help ensure the long-term allocation of funds to protect and manage the species unique to Morningside.


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Designer: Kimberly Einmo
5⁄8 yard green-and-orange batik (blocks, border)
1⁄2 yard dark orange batik (star block)
1-3⁄4 yards pale green batik (blocks, border)
1⁄3 yard green batik (quilt center, border)
1⁄3 yard red batik (blocks, border)
5⁄8 yard light orange batik (Double Four-Patch blocks, binding)
3-1⁄4 yards backing fabric
57" square batting
Finished quilt: 48-1⁄2" square
Finished blocks: star, 24" square; Double Four-Patch, 8" square
Yardages and cutting instructions are based on 42" of usable fabric width.
Measurements include 1⁄4" seam allowances. Sew with right sides together unless otherwise stated.


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The rumors of my death have been greatly exaggerated.... if they even exist!?! Yeh I have no idea. I've been MIA for quite some time, but I am here to share a wonderful review of a soon to be released Valentine's Polish collection.
I was contacted by Julie from Blue-Eyed Girl Lacquer to do a review for her upcoming Valentine's collection called "My Indecisive Valentine." I was sent two of the six polishes to review.
"Flash Forward Fantasy": A nude with violet flakies and a strong pink to gold shift. Matte Finish. ($10.00)
"Idealistic Future": Clear based glitter topper packed with gold, pink, purple, and red glitters in hexes, squares, glass dots, diamonds, and hearts. ($8.00)
Lets start out with "Flash Forward Fantasy"...
If you don't already know, I wear CNS nails so they naturally have a french tip when they are bare. So I decided to show a couple bases and my naked nail.
Starting from the top: 4 coats on naked CNS nail
1 coat over white base
3 coats over white
1 coat over black
I normally don't like matte polishes, but I think it worked very well with this polish and it helps show of the shimmer. Sadly the camera didn't want to pick it up as much as it showed in real life.
I really like this polish. It is very close to the perfect nude for me. It applied very smooth with no issues.
For the final swatch I applied a topcoat because I felt it showed of the shimmer a bit more.
Just another to show the shimmer!!!
The second polish is "Idealistic Future"
I applied this glitter topper without have to dab, which is always a plus in my book. Sadly I didn't see a lot of hearts, but maybe I just needed to shake the bottle a little more.
I love glitter toppers and I love this one. It can be used over so may different colors.
I really liked both polishes, and I hope to try more from BEGL soon (Tax-refund!!) If all her polishes are as awesome as these two then you will not be disappointed.
Thanks for reading and make sure to check out the rest of the collection.
*Products were provided in exchange for my honest review and swatches.


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Pages You'll Want To Visit:What are essential oils? Young Living Seed to Seal Why Join This Team Browse Young Living Oils and Blends Join Here
You understand that any information found within our website is for general educational and informational purposes only. You understand that such information is not intended nor otherwise implied to be medical advice. Please read our full disclaimer.© 2019 Grace Regnier | Privacy Policy


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Ref. #: 26320OR.OO.D088CR.01
Audemars Piguet Royal Oak Chronograph
Ref. #: 26320OR.OO.D088CR.01
Consult with a Darakjian jewelry expert
Selfwinding chronograph with date display and small seconds at 6 o'clock. 18-karat rose gold case, silvered dial, Brown strap. Availability to be confirmed.
- - Integrated Chronograph movement
- Column wheel Chronograph mechanism
About Audemars Piguet
Founded in 1875 by Jules Louis Audemars and Edward Auguste Piguet in the Swiss village of Le Brassus, Audemars Piguet is the oldest Manufacture of Haute Horlogerie never to have left the hands of the founding families. Today, its range encompasses complex mechanical watches, Haute Joaillerie creations as well as a line of jewelery. At each stage in its history, the Manufacture has daringly adopted avant-garde techniques in order to place them in the service of traditional craftsmanship. This approach has earned it an unparalleled number of world firsts in the field of Haute Horlogerie.


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Staying in peak physical condition requires the right kind of nutrition. If you're looking to rev up your energy levels, maximize your workouts or boost lean muscle mass, the Athlete's Pak can help you take your physical fitness to the next level.
The Athlete's Pak is the perfect solution for every type of athlete and active adult. Whether you run marathons, compete in bodybuilding competitions, play professional sports, or just go to the gym regularly to stay in shape, this series of products will help you meet your goals.
The inclusion of IsaLean® Shake, IsaPro®, and IsaLean Bars allows you to fuel your body with the nutrition you need to boost performance. The high-quality, undenatured whey and milk protein fuels muscle growth and maximizes muscle strength.
AMPED Hydrate helps sustain performance, supports hydration, and supports faster recovery. Enriched with vitamins C and B-complex, this refreshing, natural sports drink mix keeps you naturally hydrated and replenishes nutrients and electrolytes that can be lost during exercise.
Protein That Drives Performance. Loaded with 28 grams of a whey-based protein blend with a superior amino acid profile that will support lean muscle building and maintenance.
Complete meal replacement for maximum lean muscle building and boosting metabolism. A premium protein blend with a superior BCAA profile to naturally boost muscle growth and maintenance.
AMPED Power is a pre-workout supplement designed to prepare your body for better strength and power before exercise.
A pre-workout shot that supports nitric oxide production, which increases blood flow and oxygen delivery to cells so your muscles can function efficiently and prevent fatigue.
* This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Transparency and accuracy are a top priority at Isagenix. We constantly strive to ensure that product information is complete, accurate, and current. However, at times, products may be unavailable or have different labels or attributes than those listed here.


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Rainer Sabin, Cowboys beat writer for SportsDayDFW.com and The Dallas Morning News, answers your questions about the team in a live chat at 2 p.m. Tuesday. Ask your questions in the ScribbleLive module below, and Rainer will discuss them for an hour or so.
Click here to enjoy the chat on your IPad or tablet devices.
Thank you for your readership.


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The integration of arts, science, technology, engineering and math into the curriculum at Northwood Elementary School is going to be a slow but steady process.
FORT WALTON BEACH � The integration of arts, science, technology, engineering and math into the curriculum at Northwood Elementary School is going to be a slow but steady process.
The Crestview school will focus on expanding the art element first and the STEM aspects later, according to Barry Blackburn, one of two educators overseeing the implementation of Northwood Arts and Science Academy (NASA).
Blackburn, the assistant principal at neighboring Richbourg School, and Northwood Principal Jacquelyn Craig shared their plans Monday night with the Okaloosa County School Board at its meeting in Fort Walton Beach.
What we looked at was way to slowly integrate this,� Blackburn said during the short presentation.
View the presentation �
The goal is not to garner student interest initially, but to build on it year by year until the school has a fully-functional STEAM (science, technology, engineering, art and math) program, Blackburn said.
For next year, that will mean simply adding another music teacher and a full-time art teacher. By the following year, dance and science programs will be added. In the third year, the school will add the final pieces with drama and technology.
Craig, who shared some of statistics about the benefits of art programs on academic performance during the presentation, said Northwood could enroll 56 additional students the first year, although that could change based on space and class size restrictions in the coming years.
Superintendent of Schools Mary Beth Jackson said district officials hope the program will play another important role by easing high enrollment issues at neighboring schools.
�I think there is a huge desire in the north end of the county to have this type of program for our students,� she said. �I would appreciate any consideration the board can give us.�
Board member Cathy Thigpen expressed her support for the program. She said she was impressed at the level of community support she already has seen at two community meetings held by Craig and Blackburn.
Board vice chairwoman Cindy Frakes asked a few questions about growth options before offering her support of the initiative.
�I think the motivation to learn � is a huge thing for me because all kids don�t learn alike and all students aren�t motivated by the same things.� Frakes said.
Applications for school zoning waivers will be accepted beginning in April.
People interested in learning more about the program or helping with it can attend an informational meeting at 6 p.m. April 11 in the art room at Northwood.
Contact Daily News Staff Writer Katie Tammen at 850-315-4440 or email@example.com. Follow her on Twitter @KatieTnwfdn.


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- Thanks! -
HERE'S YOUR intro to web design
course syllabus
We bring great people together to learn, grow, and celebrate.
Hopefully you'll join us soon.
Startup Institute Course Application
At Startup Institute we look forward to helping you leverage your passions and build the technical skills, culture skills, and network to launch you into the innovation industry.
Tell Us About Yourself
Fill out this brief application to set up a meeting with our admissions team.
Frequently Asked Questions
When does the next class start?
Spring 2018 classes start on Jan 27th.
Intro classes start on Mar 28th.
What Happens After I Apply?
Our admissions team will be in touch to schedule a call. During the call, they'll work with you to determine whether this is the right program at the right time for you.
Can I Change My Track?
Of course! Our admissions team will help select the right track if you have any questions.


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Forward Unto Dawn Podcast
Started By Slightly Live, Oct 26 2011 12:07 PM
2 replies to this topic
Posted 26 October 2011 - 12:07 PM
Episode One is now Live!
Join the Forward Unto Dawn staff as we take a paced and considered look at the fiction of the Halo universe, gameplay mechanics, and the larger Halo ecosystems.
Hosted by Dani (Slightly Live) and featuring Dave (Dangerous Dave), Ben (GhaleonEB) and Isaac (Postmortem).
Episode One's topics include Halo Waypoint's Data Drops, the Halo: Glasslands preview, Halo CE: Anniversary's Achievements and Kinect features, ATLAS, the TU Beta and Custom Challenges.
Win a copy of Halo: Glasslands and Gold Elite Avatar outfits!
Click here for the details
Posted 26 October 2011 - 12:22 PM
Wow dude, this came out of nowhere? When did you get the idea to do this? I'll listen as soon as I get home.
Posted 26 October 2011 - 12:50 PM
Wow dude, this came out of nowhere? When did you get the idea to do this?
I'll listen as soon as I get home.
Quite a while. The idea was bubbling for a time and it was brought up again a few months back. Finally decided to go ahead with it.
Happy how it turned out, it's abit rough around the edges - particularly part two but we learned quite a bit from it and hopefully everything cross the board should see an improvement next time.
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Calling all scientists, engineers, artists, designers, and creative thinkers
The Science Gallery at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland is organizing an exhibit and festival "exploring nanotechnology and its implications for our future," and they're looking for ideas and proposals. They say they want proposals from "scientists, engineers, artists, designers, and creative thinkers," which sounds a lot like the NISE Net community to me.
The deadline for ideas and proposals is May 15th, which is just around the corner. The festival is Sept. 25 - Oct. 3, and the exhibition will be up Sept. 9 through Dec. 18th.
Here's what they say on their website about the exhibition:
"Focused on the dreams, nightmares, possibilities and achievements of this broadly interdisciplinary field, the exhibition will explore what it means to act in a realm we can never directly see and to consider how our emerging science and technology is enmeshed with some of our deepest hopes and fears."
And here's what they're looking for:
"We want your suggestions and ideas for events, speakers, debates, films, workshops, live experiments performances, competitions, exhibits, interactive installations and demonstrations exploring nanotechnology, its applications and implications. Suggestions may be based on previously existing projects or may be a new proposal specifically for NANO. We are also very interested in hearing from you about people and projects you think we should contact or include even if you are not directly involved. Please send initial ideas and suggestions to email@example.com"
And thank you, Greta, for sending me the link!


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Butterflies LED Mobile
Stylish acrylic LED mobile with three colour-changing butterflies that phase beautifully through a spectrum of illuminated colours.
The Butterfly LED Mobile from Think Gadgets creates a chilled out atmosphere in any room with beautiful glowing and tranquil colour phasing.
Its three 'flat-light' Butterflies hang from a transparent ring by micro-wire that leads to a single compact battery pod, complete with a hanging hook.
Suspend the mobile and watch the lighted Butterflies slowly change though an array of gorgeous LED colours, creating fantastic mood lighting in any room.
The Light-Up Butterfly Mobile looks great in a wide variety of indoor settings. It's perfect for a child's bedroom or play area and makes a fantastic night light. Suspended over a baby's cot, the Butterfly Mobile will sooth and stimulate with beautiful colourful light.
It's also stylish and contemporary enough to grace any adult's living space - and makes an imaginative gift, especially for the ladies.
Each Butterfly Mobile requires 3 x AAA batteries [you can add them to your order, below] and comes smartly packaged in a frosted plastic box.
These stylish, shimmering LED Butterflies will add a touch of colourful magic to any room.
Think Gadgets LED Mobiles are also available in Snowflakes, Angels, Elephants and Moon and Clouds designs.
See our Think Gadgets Lights category for a large range of complimentary lights and lighting gifts.
- Stylish colour-phasing LED hanging mobile light from Think Gadgets
- Beautiful modern flat-lite butterflies design in clear acrylic
- Slow, smooth, relaxing colour changing - lovely vivid LED colours
- Ideal as a room decoration for adults or a nightlight for children
- Sleek, ergonomic battery pod complete with handy hanging hook
- Great for Christmas and all year round
- High-quality, long-lasting LED lighting technology
- CE certified for safety & quality
- Smart frosted Think Gadgets packaging - makes a great gift
Dimensions (H x W x D)
5.6cm x 7cm x 1cm (each butterfly)Powered by...
3 x AAA batteries (not included - don't forget to add them to your order, below)
Care Info
- Keep out of reach of young children
- Take care not to stretch or damage the microwire
Video coming soon...
Like the above product? Tell the world!
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What's Hot
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WASHINGTON, Oct. 10 (UPI) -- Extended gasoline supply shortages in California require special attention from federal regulators amid major price increases, a U.S. lawmaker said.
Refinery and pipeline issues in California prompted some retail centers to shut pumps last week. California Gov. Jerry Brown called for an early switch to a winter blend of gasoline to add more product to the consumer market. Prices, however, continued the climb during the early part of this week.
U.S. Rep. Henry Waxman, D-Calif., ranking member of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, called on the Federal Trade Commission to look into the gasoline issue.
"Periods of tight gasoline supply require special vigilance because of the opportunities for market manipulation -- especially when individual market participants possess substantial market share as is the case in California," his letter to the FTC read.
Motor group AAA reports that a gallon of regular unleaded gasoline in California, on average, cost $4.66, compared to a national average of $3.81. That's down about 1 cent compared to Tuesday's prices. Motorists in some major metropolitan areas in the state were paying more than $4.70.
Most of the refinery issues in the state were expected to be short-lived.


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Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
About This Workshop
The Teaching Foreign Languages K-12 Workshop offers you a dynamic and interactive way to understand and apply current research in foreign language education to evaluate your teaching practice. Each of the eight workshop sessions examines one research topic from the American Council for the Teaching of Foreign Languages National Standards as it applies across languages and skill levels.
The eight video programs feature the work of leading researchers and the reflections of practicing teachers in a lively round-table discussion format. Classroom examples from the Teaching Foreign Languages K-12 video library are shown throughout the workshop videos to illustrate the ideas being discussed. The companion workshop guide provides a stimulating learning experience for individual teachers or professional development study groups.
Become a student yourself as you watch the videos, complete a range of activities in the guide, and prepare to conduct research in your own classroom. For a streamed Web overview of this workshop series, go to Overview Video.
To learn more about the workshop videos and guide, continue reading the About This Workshop section. Here you will access:
To continue, click on the "Next" link below.
Next > Session Summaries
About This Workshop > Introduction | Session Summaries | Using This Web Guide
About Action Research | National Standards | Who's Who | Facilitator Tips
Technical Notes | Credits
Foreign Languages Workshop Home | © | | Glossary | Site Map
© Annenberg Foundation 2017. All rights reserved. Legal Policy


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Rapper Nelly brought kidnapping victim Amanda Berry out onstage at a Cleveland concert Saturday, just one day after her captor Ariel Castro pleaded guilty to kidnap and rape charges.
On Thursday, the same day Castro was sentenced, Nelly reflected on his choice to invite Berry onstage, saying that she had inspired him.
"I just wanted Cleveland to know that we were proud of her and that the strength and the pulse of the city is built around the people," he told MTV News.
Concert footage shows the 27-year-old survivor walking onstage with her family and waving at the cheering crowd as Nelly dedicates his hit "Just a Dream" to her.
It was Berry's first public appearance since she gained her freedom in May by kicking down a door of the house in which she was held captive.
"When we got to 'Just a Dream,' I wanted to make sure that we had a chance to acknowledge her," he said.
The rapper added that Berry's story of survival inspired him "to do almost anything."
Berry's kidnapper Castro was sentenced to life in prison without parole plus 1,000 years on Thursday after Michelle Knight, one of his three victims, faced him down in court.
Berry, Knight and Gina DeJesus all disappeared between 2002 and 2004 when they were 16, 20 and 14 years old. They escaped in May after Berry kicked out part of a door and called to neighbors for help.
Watch Nelly's full interview here.
Get More: Nelly, Music News


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Thomas Paul was born and raised in New York City and graduated from New York's Fashion Institute of Technology. He worked for several years in the fashion industry as a colorist and print designer for some of New York's top brands. In 2001 he started the home accessories label "Thomas Paul" with the idea to bring the feel of vintage fabrics and motifs into the home, but updated with a fresh perspective in terms of scale and color. He is inspired by the past, but is always trying to make it right for today. The goal being to bring happiness to the home through pattern and color!
Thomas Paul – Amalfi Octopus
Use Amazon Pay at checkout
SHIPPED SAME DAY (Order before noon)


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simonshack wrote:And just to get back on topic - of this V1/V2 thread :
This clip is absolutely hilarious, Reichstag Fireman !
Just compare the angle of the jet flame - before and after take off.
How does the rocket angle/pitch instantly change from almost vertical to almost horizontal?
Was this Doodlebug bombing of 30 June 1944 - "the worst Doodlebug attack of the whole war" - killing 22 babes and 8 nurses - nothing but a hoax? Manufactured by the Government itself - just to keep people frightened?! If so, how many Doodlebug attacks were real, if any?
antipodean wrote:Maybe it was so Churchill could justify the fire bombing of Dresden & Hamburg.
dblitz wrote:I have an elderly relative who claims to have seen a single 'flying bomb' and heard reports of a group of at least 5 flying overhead followed by distant explosions. She says there was no fearsome screeching sound and that they were shaped similar to a jet plane. She would have been 6 years old. I'm not saying it's true, but she believes it.
Can you elaborate on your theory about WW2? Sounds interesting. Who won?
Return to WWI - WWII, the Nuke Hoax, the Cold War and JFK
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How to Make Tricky Cuts for Top Bars of Langstroth Frames
The top bars of Langstroth bee hive frames require the trickiest cuts. Follow these steps and refer to the following figure to make these cuts.
Cut a kerf 1/8 inch wide by 5/16 inch deep along the entire long length of the designated underside of the top bar.
Cut a vertical notch 3/8 inch wide by 3/32 inch deep on both sides and at each end of the top bar.
The notch starts 5/8 inch back from the ends of the bar. When you assemble the frames, you insert the top of the side bars into these notches.
On the underside of each end of the bar, make a 1 inch wide by 3/8 inch deep rabbet.
This creates the tabs at each end of the top bar.
Cut a kerf 1/8 inch wide by 9/16 inch deep along the entire long length of one of the vertical sides of the top bar.
Position the cut 3/8 inch down from the top of the bar. Save the resulting strip of wood. This piece is not scrap — it becomes the wedge bar that you'll use later on when you install foundation.Credit: Illustration by Felix Freudzon, Freudzon Design


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Kung Fu Panda
Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby
Heart of Midnight
From the Rough
A Resurrection
Green Lantern
Redemption Road
Cats & Dogs: The Revenge of Kitty Galore
One Way
Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li
All Michael Clarke Duncan photos
All Michael Clarke Duncan films
Movies.com, the ultimate source for everything movies, is your destination for new movie trailers, reviews, photos, times, tickets + more! Stay in the know with the latest movie news and cast interviews at Movies.com.
Copyright © 2019 FANDANGO MOVIES.


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The Carolina Panthers have struck a deal with Colin Cole.
Joseph Person of The Charlotte Observer reported Tuesday that the team agreed to terms on a one-year pact with the 33-year-old defensive tackle who started 13 games for the Panthers last season. The signing ensures that Carolina's nasty front seven will remain together for another campaign.
Cole played five seasons with the Packers and two with the Seahawks before missing 2011 and 2012 with ankle problems. He returned to rack up 316 snaps and a sack for the Panthers last season, and will play a supporting role behind Star Lotulelei come September.
Cole struggled for stretches against the run and finished as the 61st-rated player at his position in 2013, per Pro Football Focus. On the upside, he won't cost much to keep around.
UPDATE: The Panthers officially announced the Cole re-signing Wednesday morning.
In the latest edition of the "Around The League Podcast," the guys begin the offseason Roster Reset series with the AFC West and dive into the ATL mailbag.


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Well Alltop has already come through with a beauty for me.
I saw this topic from a couple in azeroth: Coolest. WoW Forum Post. Ever.
And I must say, that as a father of a little one, yes it is the coolest WoW Forum Post. Ever.
And it's a Mage post to boot!
Here it is if you want to go straight there (it's a long thread.. but the 1st post nails it):
Mage Guide to takng Down Beach Murlocs
Gnomer & Out!


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2018 Triton AUT1682
Call for Price
Call for Availability
Our AUT line of premium aluminum trailers is designed with the utmost precision for years of trouble-free service. With features like straight or bi-fold ramp options, and full-length channels for adjustable tie-down positions, you can be sure every detail has been crafted to meet the unique needs of ATV, UTV or combination hauling. Take a look at some additional features below, and be sure to request a quote from your dealer when you find the model you're looking for.
- Custom engineered aluminum extrusions provide for a higher level of fit and finish.
- Custom designed side rails with integrated tiedown system provide unlimited tiedown flexibility.
- Aluminum loading ramp has four aluminum hinges providing superior support across the entire ramp.
- Tough molded plastic fenders are bolted to aluminum frame supports to reduce noise and provide convenient frame supported steps.
- Integrated tiedown system utilizes the full deck length for unlimited tiedown flexibility.
- Four cord rubber torsion axle with independent suspension provides a smooth ride.
- LED lights installed with rubber grommets reduces vibration and protects them from the elements.
- Custom molded wiring harness, routed through the trailer frame, keeps your wiring protected from the elements.
- Easy to use Bearing Lube system provides superior lubrication and long bearing life.
- Quality coupler with steel safety chains and spring loaded clips for ease of use, strength and safety when you need it the most.
- Lanyards keep the ramp pins with the trailer.
- Four D-ring tiedowns providing unlimited adjustability for safe and secure hauling.
- Straight or less wind resistant bi-fold aluminum ramp.
- Bed Width (In.): 82
- Bed Length (In.): 192
- Overall Width (In.): 102
- Overall Length (In.): 257
- Ramp Standard: Yes
- Tilt Bed: No
- Carrying Capacity w/o Brakes (Lb.): N/A
- GVWR w/o Brakes (Lb.): N/A
- Carrying Capacity with Brakes (Lb.): 5760
- GVWR with Brakes (Lb.): 7000
- Trailer Weight (Lb.): 1240
- No. of Axles: 2
- Hitch Height: 14.5
- Deck Height: 18.5
- Plywood Thickness (In.): Aluminum
NOTES:Shown with options. Brake options will change the overall length of the trailer. Recommended tongue weight 7-10% of GVWR. Upgraded tires will change the deck height. Prices and specifications may change without notice. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to adhere to the brake laws regarding trailers. For full information on the laws in your state, contact the appropriate state motor vehicle department.
- Carrying Capacity
- 5760 lb.
- Trailer Weight
- 1240 lb.
- 7000 lb.
- Number of Axles
- 2
- Tilt Bed
- No
- Loading Style
- Ramp
- Inside Bed Width
- 82 in.
- Overall Length
- 257 in.
- Bed Length
- 192 in.
- Deck Height
- 18.5 in.
- Plywood Thickness
- Aluminum


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Clean-Up on Aisle 12
Parental Note: Today's Wreck may expand your child's vocabulary in some unsavory ways.
When Steve S.'s coworker received a transfer to a different branch, the store decided to get the coworker a going-away cake. The inscription was your typical "You make our store better!" kind of thing.
Now, normally this wouldn't be a problem, no matter how badly the Wreckerator mangles the inscription.
But then, normally the company in question is NOT BJ's Wholesale Club.
Which, naturally, someone chose to abbreviate.
I would like to point out that Steve submitted this Wreck because "better" looks like "bitter" - and he thought that was funnily appropriate. And it is, but clearly Steve's mind did not go to the gutter where the rest of ours are. (More's the pity.)
- Related Wreckage: Marcus and the New Job


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Student and Staff Portal
Login to Student/Staff Portal
First Time Login
Email Panel
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Home videos of Darwin, the famous Ikea monkey, have surfaced on YouTube, according to the Toronto Star.
Videos uploaded by YouTube users Yasmin Nakhuda, identified by CTV as Darwin's owner, and Yaztaz1969 show the animal monkeying around with a dog and a bird, running around with 'his Nuk Nuk', brushing his teeth, hanging out in an office in his overalls, and all dressed up for Halloween.
Darwin shot to Internet fame when he escaped from a crate inside a car parked at an Ikea in north Toronto on Sunday while wearing a snazzy coat.
He was captured, held by animal services, and his owner was fined $240 for having a prohibited animal. Authorities say monkeys like Darwin can sometimes spread diseases that can be harmful to humans. Darwin, now seven-months-old, was reportedly adopted by Nakhuda almost six months ago. On Monday, he was transferred to the Story Book Farm Primate Sanctuary in Sunderland, Ont., the CBC reported.
The sanctuary's president and co-founder, Sherri Delaney, told CTV Nakhuda has not been denied visitation, but at this point it "would just cause more trauma to him."
Now Nakhuda says she wants Darwin back and is considering legal action, according to the Canadian Press.
Also on HuffPost


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Took me seven hours to work the underpainting of the crown and the head. Obviously not all done - when I work with color I'll be putting the details in place.
PROMARE: Promoting Marine Research and Exploration
14 hours ago
I'm Leena Pekkalainen. I study Egyptology at the Manchester University (Certificate of Egyptology). I'm also an artist - here you find my paintings of ancient Egyptian subjects. In February 2012 you can see these paintings at Villa Royal in Finland (The "Egyptian Treasures" exhibition). Follow the progress of the paintings here and read some facts about the subject in the painting too in case you are interested in the history of ancient Egypt.


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mousec My current fave in NYC is Crosby Pizza Stop... http://www.yelp.com/biz/crosby-pizza-stop-bronx I do need to qualify this statement as this is my first true slices of NY pizza unless you count Ray's or John's (Midtown). I am headed back to NYC in the next couple of weeks and am open to any suggestions which could topple Crosby Stop.
mncorn Yes, San Antonio does have great pizza. The River Walk is a great place to go.


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*MontaVista Certified LSP: The MontaVista Certified LSP (Linux Support Package) is an LSP that was developed by a MontaVista partner and certified by MontaVista to run on MontaVista Linux. The MontaVista Certified LSP is based on a MontaVista Linux Reference LSP. Customers must obtain the MontaVista Certified LSP from the MontaVista partner. Customers may choose to purchase MontaVista Linux and tools to develop applications based on the MontaVista Certified LSP and receive support services from MontaVista based on the MontaVista Reference LSP. Customers must obtain support specific to the LSP from the MontaVista partner. MontaVista Certified LSPs may not have the same real-time modes enabled as the MontaVista Reference LSP that it is based upon.
IPP LSP: Integrated Platform Providers (IPP) are important members of the MontaVista partner eco-system. MontaVista Software empowers our Integrated Platform Providers to provide you with complete runtime target environments based on MontaVista Linux for specific hardware platforms.


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I need to encrypt relatively short strings (generally less than 100 characters). If possible, I want to avoid leaking the length of these strings. How can I do that?
The thing that came to my mind is to pad the text to 1 KiB with random data, separating the content from the padding with a 0x00 byte. Is this a good idea?


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KANSAS CITY, Kan. and NEW YORK, Oct. 4, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Aratana Therapeutics, an animal health company developing innovative medicines for cats and dogs (companion animals), today announced the Board of Directors has elected Jay Lichter, Ph.D., Managing Director at Avalon Ventures, as Chairman of Aratana Therapeutics. In addition, the Board added MPM Capital Managing Director John Vander Vort, J.D., to the Company's Board of Directors.
Jay Lichter, Ph.D., Managing Director of Avalon Ventures and Chairman of Aratana Therapeutics, stated, "Having served on Aratana's Board since the Company's founding in 2010, I am committed to ensuring Aratana remains true to its mission of bringing world-class medicines to the animal market, for the benefit of companion animals and the people who care for them."
John Vander Vort, J.D., Managing Director, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Compliance Officer of MPM Capital and Director of Aratana Therapeutics, said, "I'm very pleased to join the Board of Aratana at this exciting time in the Company's history. MPM has continued to invest in Aratana because we believe it represents a differentiated play within animal health and we have full confidence in the Aratana team to build a robust pipeline of high-value animal medicines."
Steven St. Peter, M.D., Chief Executive Officer of Aratana Therapeutics, concluded, "We are very fortunate that our founding investors continue to be actively involved in supporting the Company's trajectory. Both Avalon and MPM have contributed mightily to the Company's success to date, and they are great partners as we build the company going forward."
Jay Lichter, Ph.D. - Chairman of Aratana Therapeutics; Managing Director Avalon Ventures
Jay Lichter, Ph.D. is an experienced biotechnology and pharmaceutical business executive with 25 years of experience in management, scientific research, and business development. He led Avalon VIII's investments in and served as Director and CEO for Afraxis, Carolus, Otonomy, ReVision Therapeutics and Zacharon. He also led the first life science investment for Avalon IX, Sova Pharmaceuticals and serves as the CEO and on the Board of Directors. Throughout his career, Dr. Lichter has applied his exceptional combination of business acumen and deep technical knowledge to creating commercially successful biotech collaborations and identifying the commercial potential of scientific discoveries at their earliest stages. Dr. Lichter is the inventor on 260 patent and patent applications for six Avalon portfolio companies, including 55 issued patents. Dr. Lichter has been either directly responsible for or participated in licensing or merger and acquisition deals valued in excess of $1 billion.
John Vander Vort, J.D. - Director of Aratana Therapeutics; Managing Director, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Compliance Officer of MPM Capital
John W. Vander Vort joined MPM in 2005 from DuPont Capital Management, where he constructed and managed a venture capital portfolio. Previously, he was a General Partner and Co-Founder of BlueStream Ventures, a venture capital firm with $280 million under management. He was also a Managing Director at Dain Rauscher Wessels (now RBC), where he led the West Coast Networking and Communications Investment Banking Group and served as an advisor to leading venture-backed technology companies. Mr. Vander Vort began his career as a corporate transaction attorney in the San Francisco office of Cooley Godward, where he represented venture capital firms and venture-backed companies. Mr. Vander Vort earned his B.A. from Amherst College and his J.D. from The University of Chicago Law School.
About Aratana Therapeutics
Aratana Therapeutics is an animal health drug development company uniquely positioned to deliver high quality new medicines that address significant therapeutic needs for cats and dogs (companion animals). Aratana licenses and develops proprietary, patent-protected compounds acquired from human pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies and then develops strategies to maximize the value of the programs for the animal health market. For more information, please visit www.aratanatherapeutics.com.
For Media & Investors:
Jason Rando / Joshua Drumm, Ph.D.
Tiberend Strategic Advisors, Inc.
(212) 827-0020
SOURCE Aratana Therapeutics


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Using honeynets to learn more about Bots
Primary Authors:
Paul Bächer [email protected]
Thorsten Holz [email protected]
Markus Kötter [email protected]
Georg Wicherski [email protected]
Honeypots are a well known technique for discovering the tools, tactics, and motives of attackers. In this paper we look at a special kind of threat: the individuals and organizations who run botnets. A botnet is a network of compromised machines that can be remotely controlled by an attacker. Due to their immense size (tens of thousands of systems can be linked together), they pose a severe threat to the community. With the help of honeynets we can observe the people who run botnets - a task that is difficult using other techniques. Due to the wealth of data logged, it is possible to reconstruct the actions of attackers, the tools they use, and study them in detail. In this paper we take a closer look at botnets, common attack techniques, and the individuals involved.
We start with an introduction to botnets and how they work, with examples of their uses. We then briefly analyze the three most common bot variants used. Next we discuss a technique to observe botnets, allowing us to monitor the botnet and observe all commands issued by the attacker. We present common behavior we captured, as well as statistics on the quantitative information learned through monitoring more than one hundred botnets during the last few months. We conclude with an overview of lessons learned and point out further research topics in the area of botnet-tracking, including a tool called mwcollect2 that focuses on collecting malware in an automated fashion.