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UI Improvements/fr
From Openmoko
Manifestement les outils existent désormais afin de bâtir des interfaces capables de rivaliser avec (ou faire mieux que, à mon humble avis) tout ce que peut bien imaginer Apple. Tout ce que nous avons à faire, c'est organiser un peu tout ça. Ceci demande du matériel capable de fonctionner avec des interfaces dynamiques. Là aussi, je peux aider. email@example.com
De fait, cet endroit doit être dédié aux discussions portant sur l'amélioration des interactions homme-machine;
Human-machine interaction can be separated into several aspects:
- the physical contact/input device: the mono-touch touchscreen
- the graphics:
- accelerated rendering can add more consistency to zooming user interfaces, which seem to be quite an interesting concept for embedded scrensize-limited devices
- adding physics "look and feel" to (ex: menu's) behaviours can add coherence too
- the input methods
- the virtual keyboard
- handgestures
Finding inspiration ...
Seen Live
Zooming user interfaces
- ZenZui, a ZUI (zooming user interface)
- Microsoft Bluefish's ZUI (new mobile webbrowser)
- Opera speed dial
- EEM, Rasterman's EFL libs on handelds proof of concept (doesn't DO anything, just showing off the EFLs on a handeld)
- Nvidia's cutting-edge techno, an Openkode demo.
Science fiction
- elevate project's links sums up quite greatly the latest innovations in the desktop area
- Nooface is a human-machine news site
- Asus-Intel's Eee's interface
Clever hacks
It's been said that having no multitouch screen allows less freedom for innovation. Maybe we could get something out of our touchscreen drivers.
Why ? Think of apple's scroll up/down feature on macbooks touchpads (which aren't multi touch, it's a clever driver hack, iscroll2):
To scroll, just place two fingers on your trackpad instead of one. Both fingers need to be placed next to each other horizontally (not vertically, the trackpad cannot detect that). Some people get better results with their finger spaced a little bit apart, while others prefer having the fingers right next to each other.
iScroll2 provides two scrolling modes: Linear and circular scrolling.
For linear scrolling, move the two fingers up/down or left/right in a straight line, respectively, to scroll in that direction.
Circular scrolling works in a way similar to the iPod's scroll wheel: Move the two fingers in a circle to scroll up or down, depending on whether you move in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
Maybe we can port/adapt/get inspiration from this macintosh driver.
When we want to navigate files, mp3s in an mp3 player, etc... Every control that the application needs is a button. What about looking at the polyhedrons? We could find one for each usage, with as many surrounding subzones that may be used as controls. Ex: you need 5 buttons, let's take a pentagon with 5 surrounding zones all around. That way, it's always optimized...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhedra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_uniform_polyhedra
Our weapons
We can't improve the human-machine interface without knowing the strengths / weaknesses of our hardware; some of the weaknesses might turn out as exploitable features, some strengths as limiting constraints.
The touchscreen
What exactly does the touchscreen see when you touch the screen with 2 fingers at the same time, when you move them, when you move only one of the 2, etc. I'm also interested in knowing how precise the touchscreen is (ex: refresh rate, possible pressure indication, ...)?
- The output is the center of the bounding box of the touched area
- The touch point skips instantly on double touch
- Pressure has almost no effect on a single touch, but not so on a double touch. The relative pressures will cause a significant skewing effect towards the harder touch. You can easily move the pointer along the line between your two fingers by changing the relative pressure.
- we can detect double touch as jumps, and that's all
- no pressure
- This could be an interesting input method for games - e.g. holding the Neo in landscape view, letting each thumb rest on a specific input area; probably needs to be checked for usability with a real device
What does one see when sliding two fingers in parallel up(L,R)->down(L,R)?
- In theory you see a slide along the center line between your two fingers. In practice, you can't keep the pressure equal, so you will see some kind of zig-zag line somewhere between the two pressure points in the direction of your slide.
What does one see when narrowing two fingers in slide (=zoom effect on iphone)?
- In theory you see the pointer stay at the center of the zoom movement. In practice, you can't keep the pressure equal for both fingers, so the pointer will move towards one of the two pressure points.
Graphics and computational capabilities
It would be good to report what performance the current hardware allows:
- There was no pure X11 benchmarking done (AFAIK) (how many fps at full VGA scrolling, ex: 1024*480 image scrolling?)
- what about the lcd reactivity? What if we don't see anything but blur while moving items fast?
Please report here your impressions.
Areas of improvement
- OpenGL for fluid zooming interfaces (2D: the infinite sphere model, 1D: the infinite wheel of fortune/ribbon model, exposé)
- HandGestures
- Physics-model based improvements: inertia and friction
- multi touch screen for natural handgestures
- improved virtual keyboard
- switching to another GUI toolkit (EFLs)
Physics-inspired animation a.k.a. "Digital Physics"
If we want to add eye candy & usability to the UI (such as smooth realistic list scrolling, as seen in apple's iphone demo on contacts lists for instance), we'll need a physics engine, so that moves & animations aren't all linear.
The following aticle explains the Digital Physics term from the iPhone example.
The most used technique for calculating trajectories and systems of related geometrical objects seems to be verlet integration implementation; it is an alternative to Euler's integration method, using fast approximation.
We may have no need for such a mathematical method at first, but perhaps there are other use cases. For instance, it may be useful to gesture recognition (i'm not aware if existing gesture recognition engines measure speed, acceleration...).
Open Dynamics Engine
ODE is an open source, high performance library for simulating rigid body dynamics. It is fully featured, stable, mature and platform independent with an easy to use C/C++ API. It has advanced joint types and integrated collision detection with friction. ODE is useful for simulating vehicles, objects in virtual reality environments and virtual creatures. It is currently used in many computer games, 3D authoring tools and simulation tools.
The akamaru library is the code behind kiba dock's fun and dynamic behaviour. It's dependencies are light (needs just GLib). It takes elasticity, friction, gravity into account.
If you want to take a quick look at the code: svn co http://svn.kiba-dock.org/akamaru/ akamaru
The only (AFAIK) application using this library is kiba-dock, a *fun* app launcher, but we may find another use to it in the future.
As suggested on the mailing list, it is mostly overkill for the uses we intend to have, but this library may be optimized already, the API can spare some time for too. Furthermore, Qui peut le plus, peut le moins.
Verlet integration implementation from e17
There's an undergoing verlet integration implementation into the e17 project (by rephorm) see http://rephorm.com/news/tag/physics , so we may see some UI physics integration into e17 someday.
Robert Pernner's easy equations
See the demo: implements non linear behaviour (actionscript), but may give inspiration
Extending the touchscreen capabilities and input methods
- Multitouchscreen emulation
If we got it right, when touching the screen on a second place, the cursor oscillates between the two points depending on relative pressure distribution. Using averaging algorithms, we may have the opportunity to detect peculiar behaviours.
We need raw data (x,y,t) from the real hardware for the following behaviours:
- slide two fingers in parallel - vertical up/down (scroll)
- turn the two fingers around (rotate)
- slide two fingers towards each other (zoom-)
- slide two fingers apart (zoom+)
When touching the screen with two fingers at the same time, we necessarily see the two points, or are able to extrapolate the position of the second one. This solution can add feature, but will probably be little erratic...
- Touchscreen kernel module hacking
We may correct the "half distance" phenomenon on double touch: if double touch is detected, then assimilate the cursor as twice further than the first touch. It would allow finer control, but higher instability.
The double touch detection may be implemented in the driver itself, as well as stabilization.
- Other detectable behaviours
The warping can be used in the 4 diagonals, plus the up/down/right/left cross:
---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- - 1 - - 1 2 - - 1 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2- - - - 2 - - 1 - ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ----------------
It's not double touch, but two sequential presses with a short time in between (~0.5 s)
Improved virtual keyboard
One nice idea for virtual input is finger-splash
Yet, optimization does not only apply to the plain one-letter-at-a-time input. We need some sort of T9 (dictionary-based input help). When typing a word, the first letter determines the next possible ones. Therefore, we may let disappear the less-probable following letters. Ex: type an L, there's no way an X follows...
- ZIP's huffmann compression applied to SMSs/mails for detecting the most used characters/words/sentences.
- html tag-couds, one-letter tag clouds ; font size proportional to the probability of being used
The most critical point is the initial disposition of the letters, before any letter is typed. We may also want to use horizontal two-parts keyboard (with the neo in hands like a psp..)
The hexinput concept is interesting. What about hiding the less probable letters and increasing the remaining ones during typing?
Choosing the right GUI toolkit
There are lots of possible GUI frameworks with various software architectures that can be used for Openmoko.
GTA01 hardware uses GTK+/matchbox without hardware acceleration, and it's not enough: this is a first that a mobile linux device has such a high DPI resolution.
Benchmarking will be needed to compare the different alternatives: qt, directfbgtk, ...
Switching to the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries
Moved here
Distant future: OpenGL compositing
Compositing seems to give zooming interfaces reality (at last!).
Well, considering recent changes in destkop applications, opengl has a definite future. For instance, the expose (be it apple's or beryl's) is a very interesting and usable feature. Using compositing allows the physics metaphore: the human brain doesn't like "gaps"/jumps (for instance while scrolling a text), it needs continuity, which can be provided by opengl. When you look at apple's iphone prototype, it's not just eye candy, it's maybe the most natural/human way of navigating, because it's sufficiently realistic for the brain to forget the non-physical nature of what's inside.
So, opengl hardware will be needed in a more or less distant hardware, for 100% fluid operation.
How cool will solid-based (polygons, as seen in beryl) interfaces be? :) Real ZUIs...
Clutter Toolkit
Clutter, an openedhand project, is an open source software library for creating fast, visually rich graphical user interfaces. The most obvious example of potential usage is in media center type applications. We hope however it can be used for a lot more.
Clutter uses OpenGL (and optionally OpenGL ES) for rendering but with an API which hides the underlying GL complexity from the developer. The Clutter API is intended to be easy to use, efficient and flexible.
From the wikipedia article, OpenGL ES (OpenGL for Embedded Systems) is a subset of the OpenGL 3D graphics API designed for embedded devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, and video game consoles.
Improvement ideas
Please add here any idea that seems of relevance.
1D list scrolling: looped physics-driven item list
Take an item list (ex: adress book), print it on a ribbon of paper, and glue it on a wheel (on the tire). You're looking in the front of it, so when you want to go from the A to Z, you touch the wheel and drag it up. When you let the wheel go, it goes furter, taken by it's inertia. Stop the wheel when you got your contact. Got the idea? That's why we may speak of an "infinite wheel", so that the surface is flat. For our case here, we always want to display square content, so the n-sided uniform prism analogy is mathematically more exact.
Important features:
- weight: the biggest the item list, the faster it scrolls; that way, you don't have to wait too long for big lists, and you don't miss your item on shorter lists
- friction: there is friction where the wheel is fixed, so that the wheel doesn't turn infinitely; more friction on short lists, less on big ones
- the initial speed and acceleration vector you give it determines it's futher rotation
- it's "round"/cyclic, so you can browse the list in two directions
- we may want to add a "progression indicator", ex the current alphabetical letter, with a font size adequate to the proportion of the number of entries in the letter subcategory, or a reduced map of the distribution of the first letters...
We can add "parallel wheels", symbolizing different sorting methods. Slide long to the left / right to look at a different wheel = items organization.
- Sliding up/down = Single click + maintained for a minimal distance
Effect: scroll in an inverted/negated fashion (slide down = scroll up, slide up = scroll down)
When finger is released (i.e. touchscreen doesn't detect any press):
if (last_speed_seen > 0 ) then keep this speed and acceleration, with friction else stop scrolling
Scrolling here is seen as unidimensional, but can apply to bidimensional situations (ex: zoomed image) too
- Action = quick double tap
- Details/select = short single tap
- Right click = long tap
- Sliding left/right: switch sorting method
Parts to modify
Having a scroll that isn't a 1:1 map to the user's action isn't hard. It's just an extra calculation in the scroll code.
<---- Where is the scroll code? :)
The best would be to add the feature for both finger and stylus scrolling.
- make the entire list a "scrolling zone", i.e. an overlay transparent scrolling widget?
- define controls
- add the inertia feature
1D Scrolling: inertia friction integration into openmoko's finger wheel
The same, but for the wheel. It can be very short to do: you don't have 1:1 anymore, but, for example, 1/4 wheel turn = 1 item. It's demultiplicated, but has inertia.
Left-handed UI Support
A discussion on the community list identified a desire to have the ability to switch the Openmoko UI into "left-handed" mode.
The main problem is scrollbars, when they're on the right dragging the scrollbar left handed results in your hand covering the screen so you can't see what you are doing. So having the option of scrollbars on the left would be useful.
I don't think the whole screen should be mirrored! There are some elements that should remain..like the main top bar with the status icons and such. Scrollbars are the main thing I can think of right now.
Handgesture recognition proposals
Using simple, localized warp as modifier key
As discussed on community list:
If you hold down one finger and tap the other one, the mouse pops over and back again. If you keep your second finger touching, the cursor follows it. When you release it, cursor goes back to first finger position. This could be a way to set a bounding box or turn on the mode. So the second finger can do something like rotating around the first, or increase or lower the distance to the first.
- the so-called "first touch" can be done on the mokowheel zone itself: put your left thumb on the black area; if you touch the screen with another finger, there is a warp; the warp is detectable and allows to enter "fake multi-touchscreen mode"
- afterwards,
* slide your right-hand finger down, it scrolls up * slide your right-hand finger up, it scrolls down * slide it left, next page/item * slide it right, previous page/item * do a circle: rotation * narrow towards the black circle: zoom - * go away: zoom +
- if you had kept your first finger on the black quarter circle, you can continue issuing other gestures
The advantages of using simple origin-driven cursor warping as double touch detection criteria is that:
- you don't have to use the wheel as button, which would slow things down and generate errors (false button presses)
- simpler detection algorithms that can pass by the fluctuation due to pressure relative distribution
- the space taken by the wheel itself is "useless" (i.e. displays no information); using it as modifier allows to keep the screen clean for reading
- the origin of this zone lets use maximum surface of the screen, allowing more fine controlling
- Pros:
- who said we need multi-touch hardware?
- this may be the easiest way (in terms of design/implementation complexity, reliability)
- Cons:
- no matter what we'll invent, we'll need two hands for on-the-move controlling
- what about left-handed people?
What is to modify ?
We need to emulate key presses. We need to work at a layer where we can get raw cursor coordinates. <---- X server layer?
Full multi-touch emulation
Doable, but tricky...
Open questions
- will the neo/openmoko graphics system be powerful enough for such uses? I apple uses an OpenGL ES acceleration on this device (as well as on recent iPods), which is on the way with GTA02
- how does the touchscreen behave? We need a detailed touchscreen wiki information page, with visual traces. How hardware-specific is it?
- is multi touch really that awesome? I guess not.
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Chronicling America Dispatches: Scanning for Arizona's History
From time to time, we like to highlight dispatches from our state partners participating in the National Digital Newspaper Program, a joint sponsorship between the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Library of Congress to create a national, digital resource of historically significant newspapers published between 1836 and 1922, from all states and U.S. territories. The following dispatch comes from our Arizona state partner, the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
Quick Response (QR) Codes, those strange squarish bar codes embedded in advertisements, posters, and magazines, typically direct the public to learn more about a commercial product or business. But what if they could also help people learn about their state's history?
Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records (ASLAPR) has recently embarked on a project to create Quick Response (QR) Codes for quick access to twelve of its more widely recognized Arizona historic newspapers. The QR codes allow the public to access the digitized AZ newspapers with their smart devices. Using a free website to develop barcodes that link to the URL's of each individual newspaper, ASLAPR has been able to create various platforms for outreach related to the project.
As part of a National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP) sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) and the Library of Congress (LC), ASLAPR, a division of the Secretary of State's Office, has been digitizing Arizona historic newspapers published during 1859 to 1922. It is made accessible on the LC's database Chronicling America and Arizona Digital Newspaper Program (ADNP).
With a simple scan using the camera on a device such as a phone or tablet, readers can be directed straight to an information page where they can browse the pages of newspaper titles such as the Tombstone Epitaph , Arizona Republican, or Mohave County Miner.
Beginning with a quick guest blog on the ASLAPR blog "Arizona Archivy", 100 hits were received the day of the ADNP QR Code post. Interest in the QR Codes has since been building.
The QR Codes have been placed in the Reading Room at the Archives building for patrons. Going forward the intent is to use the QR Codes for conferences and presentations. ASLAPR is also marking its calendar for February 14th 2013, Arizona's 101st year of statehood. A large celebration occurs every year for this significant event, so ASLAPR hopes to deliver large quantities of QR Codes to the assembled crowds and inspire the group to learn about Arizona's fascinating past through its historical newspapers.
This emerging technology attracts many smart device users. QR Code Reader Apps are readily available and once downloaded, scanning is easy. Use of QR Codes provides large storage and quick access to information. ASLAPR is excited about developing interest in the Arizona Digital Newspaper Program through the use of this new implement.
For more information about Arizona Digital Newspaper Program, please visit us at

subset: commoncrawl


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The Beginning of the End?
My friends, I come to you today on a matter of grave importance for our nation's future. Many of you have shared with me your concerns over the impending crisis America is facing, and I felt it was best to address this issue head on, while something can still be done to avert total catastrophe. Some of you are scared. Some are angry. Others, just baffled beyond belief. Certainly the future as we know it is hanging in the balance. Still, all is not yet lost.
I'm talking, of course, about these:
That's right: thanks to retailer Bed Bath & Beyond, the dreaded cupcake-cake is coming to the masses. Call it a "Cupcake Puzzle" if you will, BB&B, but we know a Wreckerator when we see one!
Of course, BB&B is just the middle man; the real culprit is the manufacturer, Wilton:
Now, let's not panic just yet, people. Sure, the vast majority of "professionals" can't even produce a decent looking cupcake-cake, leaving us common Janes as likely to traumatize our families as delight them with our potentially half-baked efforts. Yes, the entire CCC concept is inherently flawed, and will therefore always resemble the demented flailings of a prepubescent Pollock. And yes, those separated cupcakes in the photos were obviously decorated separately, which could lead one to accuse Wilton of false advertising. Certainly no cupcake-cake pulls apart with perfectly shaped edges like that.
Still, this is a democracy, my friends, and you have a choice! Just say 'no' to CCCs! Stand up for truth, justice, and real cakes for all! And be sure to use lots of exclamation marks to get your point across!
Or, barring that, make a Wreck and send it to me - I'm kind of curious to see just how bad these bad boys look in "real" life. ;)


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How well do you know the Code? Think you can spot violations the original installer either ignored or couldn't identify? Here's your chance to moonlight as an electrical inspector and second-guess someone else's work from the safety of your living room or office. It's your turn to identify the violation.
Hint: this emergency system needs an immediate fix
Find the Answer
"We were hired to relocate a generator and its transfer switch," says Steve Tate of White Sands Electric, Pensacola, Fla. "Here is what we found!"
"If you notice the 240V sensing voltage is connected from the automatic transfer switch to the generator using 18/2 AWG fire wire. The same type of cable is used for the 12V DC battery charger, which is not as dangerous but probably not very effective. They also ran the cable through a ¼ in. drilled hole instead of a bushed connector of any sort. Then it ran free air on the trapeze. The cables are simply strung along the Unistrut trapeze with the conduit (open air) about 9 ft up."
This basic rule comes to mind when I review this commentary and these photos.
As noted in 700.5(A), "Transfer equipment, including automatic transfer switches, shall be automatic, identified for emergency use, and approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Transfer equipment shall be designed and installed to prevent the inadvertent interconnection of normal and emergency sources of supply in any operation of the transfer equipment. Transfer equipment and electric power production systems installed to permit operation in parallel with the normal source shall meet the requirements of Article 705."
Following the manufacturer instructions that come with this type of equipment is the best way to be sure that it is installed properly.


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Linebacker Darryl Sharpton was fined by the NFL for a horse-collar tackle during an overtime home loss to the Seattle Seahawks last Sunday, Texans coach Gary Kubiak said.
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"I don't know what that means yet. We usually hear from (the NFL) pretty quick, so we will see," Kubiak said. "But we put in our submission of questions and all that."
Twitter: ChronBrianSmith


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In our recently released study on how people people consume news (download it at http://mww.pr/newsconsumption) , we took a look at how people use different devices at different times of day. I've copied the full chart below where we call out the most popular ones at people times like commuting in the morning and evening (radio, presumably for drivers, and smartphones) and TVs and laptops after dinner. So if you are targeting a working demographic, are you thinking only only or is radio news a key part of your strategy?
Read more posts on Fortex Group Blog »


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Men Like Sports II
After I posted the previous entry, I got so many letters asking about vegetarian and vegan men in sports. Do they exist? Are they strong? Can they build muscles? These aren't silly questions. We live in a meat obsessed culture with it's masculinity largely defined by meat-eating. It's no surprise that we've been taught to believe we need animal products to be healthy. However, we can be healhty and strong on a plant-based diet as well. For example, Vegan Bodybuilder Alexander Dargatz is featured on veganbodybuilding.com.
You can get beefy without eating beefy. I've been vegan for over a decade and I am able to build muscle, too. There are also scores of veg ladies who are packing heat - like Six-time Ironwoman Ruth Heidrich, Tennis champ Martina Navratilova, and bodybuilder Kailla Edger.
This week ESPN asks " Who says you have to eat meat to be a successful athlete?" Profiling Milwaukee Brewers slugger Prince Fielder, Kansas City Chiefs star Tony Gonzalez, UFC Fighter Mac Danzig, Minnesota Twins Baseballer Pat Neshek, and ultramarathoner Scott Jurek, this article shows men in some of the most physically demanding sports who are shattering the illusion that you have to eat milk and meat to be strong (thanks to Karen of Dawnwatch).
Also this week, Mens' Fittness Magazine chose the vegan, mixed martial arts, UFC champion Mac Danzig for their cover story entitled "Fittest Guys in America". His interview starts right off about his veganism. read the full interview here. To learn more about Mac, read my original article about him here.
For other resources on being veg in sports, check these links:
Vegan/Vegetarian Athlete Articles & Links:
Seattle PI on Scott Jurek: Seattle man amazes everyone in 135-mile marathon--including himself
Vegetarian Sports Nutrition (summary at right)
Vegetarian Diet for Exercise and Athletic Training and Performing - Andrews University Nutrition Department
Vegan Triathlete - no age barrier
Veg Athlete a discussion forum at VegSource.com
Vegan MD.com by Dr. Michael Greger
Information on Vegan Diet by Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM).
Vegetarian Nutrition Articles by Vegetarian Resource Group (VRG)


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Nah, the harmonic components in a kick drum wouldn't produce that pure a waveform. Would need to be a pure sine at a very low frequency (talking around sub-50hz)Ross wrote:The kick causing the waveform in the water is very real. TRY HARDER BUSTER.
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The Orchard Real Estate
Located just outside of Loomis, not far from Interstate 80, lies The Orchard at Penryn Park. The small enclave of luxury townhomes is ideal for a family or individuals looking to downsize yet retain all the perks of owning an upscale home. The gated community features a "Tot Lot" playground, wide streets and a sidewalk, giving kids ample space to ride bikes, play, or just simply be outside. Yards are small, yet landscaped and well kept while wrought iron gates and gooseneck street lamps lend a sense of sophistication to the area. Towering oaks and granite outcroppings, as well as granite rock walls, embrace the natural terrain of the Sierra Foothills.
A nearby park and ride makes commuting to Auburn (six miles) and Roseville (10 miles) extremely convenient. Roseville is also home to some of the region's finest shopping. The Westfield Galleria and Fountains Shopping Center house everything from Apple and Tiffany to Sur La Table and Whole Foods. All the larger stores (Macy's, REI, Costco) are within mere minutes of Roseville's main shopping area.
The neighboring historic towns of Loomis, Newcastle, and Lincoln also offer their own unique dining, shopping and events. The Orchard is located within the Loomis Union School District and is within walking distance to the highly rated Del Oro High School.
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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASEContact: Haley ChittyDirector of Communications(202) email@example.com
Dept. of Education Set to Unveil Two-Year Cohort Default Rates on Monday
Sept. 14, 2012 - The U.S. Department of Education has said it will release the FY 2010 two-year cohort default rates (CDRs) on Sept. 17 and the FY 2009 three-year CDRs on Sept. 24 to schools, guaranty agencies and lenders. After the Sept. 24 release, the Department will publicly post both the two-year and three-year CDRs online. Under current rules, all schools with two-year default rates of 25 percent or greater for three consecutive years face loss of eligibility in the Direct Loan and Federal Pell Grant programs—a devastating outcome for any school or student body.
Last year, the percentage of borrowers defaulting on their student loans within two years of entering repayment reached the highest level in 12 years, according to the default numbers issued by the U.S. Department of Education.
The national fiscal year (FY) 2009 two-year Cohort Default Rate (CDR) climbed to 8.8 percent, a 25 percent increase over the FY 2008 rate of 7 percent. The CDR has been creeping up from the historic low of 4.5 percent for the 2003 cohort.
The FY 2009 CDR -- the most recent data available -- is a snapshot of the cohort of borrowers whose first loan repayments came due between Oct. 1, 2008 and Sept. 30, 2009, and who defaulted before Sept. 30, 2010. During that time, more than 3.6 million borrowers from 5,900 schools entered repayment and more than 320,000 defaulted.
Last year the CDR increased for every sector of higher education:
The FY 2009 cohort was the first cohort also monitored for the new three-year CDR required by the Higher Education and Opportunity Act (HEOA) of 2008. This new measure follows borrowers whose first loan repayments came due between Oct. 1, 2008 and Sept. 30, 2009, and who defaulted before Sept. 30, 2011.
The HEOA stipulates that any sanctions that would result from the new three-year CDRs are not effective until there are three sets of official three-year rates, which will occur in 2014 when the FY 2011 3-year rate becomes available. The Department will continue to calculate and publish official two-year CDRs until three sets of three-year rates are published. The last two-year rate calculation will be for the FY 2011 cohort and will be released in 2013. Beginning in 2014, only three-year rates will be published.
Justin Draeger, president of the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA), is available to speak to reporters about these and other topics:
The National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA) is a nonprofit membership organization that represents nearly 20,000 financial aid professionals at 2,800 colleges, universities, and career schools across the country. Each year, financial aid professionals help more than 16 million students receive funding for post secondary education. Based in Washington, D.C., NASFAA is the only national association with a primary focus on student aid legislation, regulatory analysis, and training for financial aid administrators. For more information, visit www.nasfaa.org.


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"ASICS Tiger VOICE" introduces figures who continue to express themselves with the ASICS TigerTM brand and their unique views on the past, present, and future of ASICS Tiger.
In the fourth issue we have Mr. Ricardo Nunes, the head of the SneakersBR, a sneaker website in Brazil. As a leader of Brazilian sneaker culture, he talks about the originality of the ASICS Tiger brand.
—Could you tell us how you encountered ASICS Tiger?
My first ASICS Tiger shoe was the GEL-LYTE III 2008/09 general model that ASICS Brazil sent to me. Next, I had the Alvin Purple thanks to my friend Woody from Sneaker Freaker. These shoes are still my favorites even today, six years later.
I knew ASICS performance shoes. I also knew the Onitsuka Tiger® brand very well. But the sophisticated use of colors and materials in ASICS Tiger shoes really suited my taste, since I've been a big fan of retro runners. As soon as I saw them, I became fascinated with the history of innovation of ASICS Tiger, but it was only when I put on my first GEL-LYTE III pair that I realized how great (comfortable yet still innovative) these shoes were.
—What is your favorite model among the ASICS Tiger styles?
I love the comfort of the GEL-LYTE V, but my favorite model is definitely the GEL-LYTE III. At first people were kind of shocked by the split tongue on GEL-LYTE IIl (lol). My friends are all sneakerheads and they seemed to like the Collaboration series and special colorways. When I started wearing ASICS Tiger shoes, everybody commented on them.
ASICS Tiger has a rich history in innovation and technology that continues even today. I think the GEL® technology is decisively a key point, but other than this, for example, its enthusiasm to go for comfort through the shape and material resonates with those who are passionate about sporty shoes or lifestyle shoes.
—Could you tell me about the sneaker market in Brazil?
The sneaker market in Brazil has a short history and it has been only nine years since SneakersBR was born, but the market has experienced a boost in these few years. In the past, Brazilian sneakerheads tended to be attracted by performance models or visible technology. They used to wear performance models not only to do exercise, but also to go to a club. You can say now that this was crazy.
This was why the first thing we kept in mind was to convey the differences among performance models, lifestyle models, and the classics in an easily understandable way. Now, we finally see growth in understanding with young people valuing more the shoes they wear and with a broader range of people becoming familiar with sneaker culture, including those who are sensitive to the latest trends, sneaker connoisseurs, and those who are hooked on vintage products.
—What impression do sneakerheads in Brazil have of ASICS Tiger?
Sneaker-loving consumers are fond of product stories and the cool Collaboration items. They are starting to link ASICS Tiger with ASICS performance shoes, which have already been popular, and realizing ASICS Tiger is an alternative lifestyle brand that is both sporty and marvelously stylish. What is great about ASICS Tiger is the quality of materials and execution above anything else. It is true especially in the Collaboration series.
Freshness inspired by the vintage
—What do you expect from ASICS Tiger?
I want to see more obscure models to be revived, but I also would love to see some freshness added to the mix, not just maintaining a retro feeling: some new silhouettes inspired by the vintage or contemporary styles.
ASICS Tiger is a brand that respects the past tradition, but I want it to help us build the future. Of course, its collaboration with a Brazilian brand would be very welcome. I want to see it in the near future. Why not?
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Cartwright, Husain, 1986
Model Status
This model can be solved and can reproduce one oscillation (which is true to the published results,) but is unable to produce further oscillations.
ValidateCellML verifies this model as valid CellML, although unit inconsistencies are detected.
Model Structure
Blood testosterone levels in human males fluctuate over 2-3 hour periods. Testosterone secretion from the testes is stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) and the production of LH is, in turn, stimulated by the hypothalamic hormone luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Interestingly, the observed fluctuations in the blood levels of testosterone can be traced back to the pulsatile release of LHRH. Several mathematical models have been proposed to describe the pulsatile release of these three hormones. These models can be divided into two different classes:
Those which assume the existence of a neural clock; a pulse-generator which forces the hypothalamic secretion of LHRH.
And those which assume there is no external pulse input, but explain the hormone pulsatility through interactions between the components of the system which produce feedback oscillations.
In the paper described here, Cartwright and Husain propose mathematical model incorporating time delays and negative feedback loops to describe the kinetics of the hormone cascade in the secretion of testosterone. Their model falls into the second category of models described above. The model has three components; the hypothalamus, pituitary and testes, and the rate of LH release from the pituitary depends on the the LHRH concentration, and the rate of testosterone synthesis in the testes depends on the LH concentration (as summarised in the figure below).
|Schematic diagram of the mathematical model representing the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone system. The model has three main components: the hypothalamus which secretes LHRH, the pituitary which responds to LHRH by secreting LH, and the testes which, in responds to LH, secrete testosterone. Finally, LH and testosterone feedback on the hypothalamus to regulate LHRH secretion.
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
A model for the control of testosterone secretion, Mark Cartwright and Masud Husain, 1986, Journal of Theoretical Biology 123, 239-250. PubMed ID: 3306160
It should be noted that in its current form, the CellML description of the this model is unable to perfectly capture the simulation results of the published model, this is due to the time delays which are difficult to describe in the CellML code.


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Kitchen Tip: Menu Planning 101
Menu planning.
Does the very phrase make you smile or cringe? I know this won't come as a surprise since most of you know what a nerd I am when it comes to food, but I happen to love menu planning. I think about it all the time and find it very therapeutic and dare I say, fun, to sit down at the computer and set up a schedule for our monthly meals.
However, I know that isn't the case with everyone. Some dread the very task. But in the hope of making at least one person's life easier, I want to share with you a few tips that have helped me become more organized and better able to stick to our stringent food budget.
Sit Down and Plan It Out.
I plan my meals two weeks at a time. Why two weeks? First and foremost: I don't want to do extensive grocery shopping every week. Also, any more frequently (i.e. weekly) and it takes me too much time to write down the menu. I know that sounds crazy, but it is just as easy for me to spend the time deciding on recipes/meals two weeks at a time instead of doing the process each week. Any less frequently (i.e. monthly) and it is impossible for me to afford my groceries (since I want to do the bulk grocery shopping trip based on the menu) due to a bi-weekly paycheck. So every two weeks it is.
I plan the menu and subsequent grocery shopping list a few days in advance of grocery shopping because inevitably I need to add things to the list that I forgot and only remember as I'm working in the kitchen those next few days. Also, I have a white board on the side of my refrigerator that details my daily tasks and on the side, I keep a running list of food items I've run out of during the 2-week menu, like cornstarch, syrup, etc. and I add those things first thing when I sit down and plan the menu.
My Trusty Spreadsheet.
I have a little nifty document that helps me plan all of this out. My lovely menu planning spreadsheet. Below are two links to help you out.
Menu Planning Example: this is an example of the last menu I planned for my family, complete with the meals I planned and the comprehensive grocery list.
Menu Plan Template: this is basically a blank template of the version above. You can use this template for your own needs, if you like. To use it for yourself, click on the link and it will download to a Microsoft Word document. You can edit it to your liking and save it for future reference.
As a quick explanation (because it isn't rocket science, I promise), in the table on the first page of the document, I list the meals we'll have for dinner each night. At the top of each day in italics, I detail if there is any homemade baked good to go along with the meal (like breadsticks, rolls, etc.) so I can get a head start in the morning.
The second page of this document is where I list the ingredients I need for the meals. As I go along, I figure out what we want to eat on Tuesday, list the meal and any sides, and then I go to the second page and list the ingredients I need for the meal that I don't already have on hand. I do this for each day in the menu cycle.
Once I'm done planning the evening meals, I add foods to the grocery list on the second page that I need for lunches, snacks, general milk supply, etc.
I've also added a little section under the menu planning table that lists treats I want to make during the week since I really only plan an actual dessert for Sunday dinners. I add those "extra treat" ingredients to the second page and then I know I have them on hand when the craving hits. And trust me, the craving always hits.
I print this document out with the table of meals on one side and the grocery list on the other and I take it with me to the grocery store. When I get home I post it on the side of my fridge so I can see the meals at a glance.
Grocery Shopping.
The big grocery trip happens once every two weeks, sans children I might add (the last time I took all four boys to the grocery store, the cart tipped over landing on two of my boys and spewing my 82 packages of Oreos for the Oreo Truffles I was making everywhere, so I prefer to go it alone when my husband can take care of the charges). I also plan to do a small (i.e. 10 items or less) grocery run for the second week to pick up any fresh foods that I may need that don't keep well for two weeks, like mushrooms and bananas.
You can be really diligent and plan to use low-lasting foods the first week in your meals, but I find I usually have to run the second week to get milk anyway (we drink an exorbitant amount of milk in our house) so I'm fine picking up fresh foods along with that trip.
Money Back Guarantee.
I've used this method for a couple of years now and not only does it make my life easier, but I know it saves me money because if I didn't plan out my meals, I'd be at the grocery store every day. And I don't know about you, but I can't get in and out of the grocery store without spending at least $30, even if I just went in for bread and milk. Happy Menu Planning everyone!


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When Sarah and I first started our financial recovery, we tried out several different budgeting tactics.
We made up a very detailed budget in a spreadsheet. We split up our expenses into several different specific categories and then, whenever there was an expense, we noted which category it came from.
We tried an "envelope" system. We put aside money for different spending purposes into different physical locations, operating almost entirely from cash.
We tried a "notebook" system, where we kept a running tally of each of our expense categories, subtracting the amounts we spent from our budgeted total for the month.
No matter what system we tried, though, we always found ourselves running into the same problem. We would end up running over our budgeted amount on some particular category and that would end up eventually unraveling the whole thing.
For example, we might budget, say, $200 for our monthly energy bill, which would work for most of the year. Then we'd face a bitterly cold January and find ourselves with a much larger bill one month. (This eventually led us to trying out a cost-averaging plan, actually.)
We'd have a clear food bill, but then we'd have several out-of-town guests over a month and overshoot it significantly.
We'd have a child expenses bill, but then the cost of dance lessons or taekwondo lessons would come due.
Every time we'd think we had everything accounted for in our budget, we'd find out that we didn't and our plan would just fall down. We'd have to hurriedly stop an automatic payment or quickly transfer money back from an automatic savings plan.
It was frustrating, to say the least. It felt like every good effort we made ended in failure.
There was one simple ingredient we were missing, though. Flexibility. That one little thing makes all the difference.
Implementing some flexibility into a budget is really, really simple. All you have to do is have another item in your budget – flex money. Assign an amount to that line item – a significant amount. I'd suggest that it be somewhere around 10% of your total budget.
If it makes it so that you're not automatically saving money each month, that's fine for now.
Then, keep track of your monthly budget as you normally would. Try to stay within the barriers you've set up for each section of your spending. Make yourself stay within your budget for non-essentials, such as entertainment.
However, sometimes life intervenes in an area that you don't have control over. When that happens, transfer some money from your "flex" portion of your budget to the area that needs help. If you're buying $40 of extra groceries because of guests, take that extra $40 out of the flex. If you're paying for an extra taekwondo lesson for your child, move that $25 out of the flex.
At the end of the month, save any and all money that's left in the "flex" portion of your budget. Use it for emergency fund building (speaking of e-funds, I like to think of "flex" money as a "soft" emergency fund) or for actual saving for a goal. Just put it to positive financial use.
Also, look at the expenses that came out of "flex" and ask yourself if that implies you need to make changes to your budget for the coming month. Is the expense that came out of "flex" trying to tell you something?
You'll find that with "flex" in your budget, it's much easier to develop and maintain an actual functional budget that works for you. It certainly works for us.


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Home > News & Events > Wayland Press Release Archives > 2013 News Releases > November 2013 > WBU Theatre offers Shorts XVII
WBU Theatre offers Shorts XVII
November 7, 2013
PLAINVIEW – The Wayland Baptist University theatre department will hit the stage in
the Black Box Nov. 14-16 for its annual Shorts presentation. Shorts XVII offers five short plays that range from comedy to drama.
The brain child of Dr. Marti Runnels, Director of Theatre at Wayland, shorts is an annual event that features student directors and numerous actors filling roles in the productions. The first Shorts was staged 17 years ago, a run that has Runnels a little surprised.
"I never thought, when I started numbering these things, that I would be looking at number 17," Runnels said. "But low-and-behold, here we are."
Shorts XVII will feature a first for Runnels as one of the featured plays was written during the 24-hour theatre festival that Wayland hosts for high school students each September. High school and college students interested in theatre spend 24 hours coming up with an idea, writing and then performing a play. Runnels said "The Lantern," written by WBU theatre minor Haley Bonner, was so well done that he wanted to use it again.
"I told her I wanted to work with her and tighten the writing a little bit and use it for Shorts," Runnels said.
The play centers on a baseball player who is spending so much time playing baseball in order to raise money for his family that he doesn't get to spend much time with them. Runnels said he couldn't say much more about the play without giving it away.
In another first for the Shorts production, one of the plays is being divided and will take place between the other plays. Entitled "Check Please," runnels said the audience will see it in bits and pieces.
"It's about people meeting at a restaurant," Runnels explained. "Various people come in and out and try to set up a dating event. It's kind of like speed dating with people moving in and out of there."
In its 17th season, Shorts is sure to be a hit with pieces that will appeal to all audiences. The play runs each night at 7:30 in the Wayland studio theatre. Admission is $8. For more information, call 806-291-1060.


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Even though the crew members for Discovery's STS-131 mission to the International Space Station will be taking one of the shuttle fleet's last flights, they'll also be recording a couple of firsts.
During the shuttle's linked operations with the station, four women will be together in orbit for the first time. Three female visitors are riding up on the shuttle, and one — NASA astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson should be settling into a months-long tour of duty on the station after her own arrival aboard a Russian Soyuz craft.
The flight will also mark the first time two Japanese astronauts are in space at the same time. Naoki Yamazaki, Japan's second female spaceflier, will meet up with Soichi Noguchi, who has been aboard the station since December. "We're really looking forward to it," Noguchi said.
The astronauts' main tasks are to deliver about eight tons of cargo to the space station, including a replacement gyroscope and ammonia coolant tank. Those two bulky pieces of equipment are to be installed during a series of three spacewalks.
Here are mini-profiles of the seven astronauts on Discovery's crew:
Commander Alan Poindexter
Born: Nov. 5, 1961, in Pasadena, Calif.
Personal: Married with two children
Poindexter was a naval aviator during the first Persian Gulf War and later became a Navy test pilot. He has flown more than 3,500 hours in more than 30 types of aircraft, logging more than 450 carrier landings. He became an astronaut in 1998 and took his first spaceflight a full decade later, as pilot aboard the shuttle Atlantis during a trip to the space station.
This will be his first and likely last chance to command a space shuttle mission. "My position as commander is one of a management position, so to speak, a leadership position," Poindexter said in a NASA interview. "So I will be spending a lot of my time helping others out where I can and trying to maintain the big picture."
Pilot James P. Dutton Jr.
Born: November 1968 in Eugene, Ore.
Personal: Married with four sons
Dutton has been flying since his days at the U.S. Air Force Academy, and put in more than 100 combat hours over northern Iraq in the 1995-98 time frame. He then became a test pilot, and was selected to become an astronaut in 2004. This is his first spaceflight.
"What I'm most looking forward to is looking out into space, seeing the sun rise and set, looking back at the earth and just getting that new perspective that I've never seen," Dutton said. "From a professional standpoint I think that operating a space vehicle is going to be really exciting to do."
Spacewalker Clayton Anderson
Born: Feb. 23, 1959 in Omaha, Neb.
Personal: Married with two children
After earning degrees in physics and aerospace engineering, Anderson went to work at NASA's Johnson Space Center as a mission planner. He joined the astronaut corps in 1998 and spent a five-month tour of duty on the International Space Station in 2007. During that time he performed three spacewalks, and he'll participate in three spacewalks during Discovery's mission.
Anderson and fellow spacewalker Rick Mastracchio will replace a gyroscope on the station and a bulky ammonia tank. They'll also retrieve experiments and equipment from the station's exterior. "The big activity of transferring, of bringing all that stuff on and taking all the stuff off — it may sound very simple but it has to be quite uniquely choreographed," he said in his NASA interview.
Spacewalker Rick Mastracchio
Born: Feb. 11, 1960 in Waterbury, Conn.
Mastracchio was trained as an engineer and started working at Johnson Space Center in 1987 — at first as a contractor, and later as a NASA engineer and flight controller. Mastracchio became an astronaut in 1996 and flew on shuttle missions to the space station in 2000 and 2007. Leading up to Discovery's STS-131 mission, he has logged 588 hours in space and three spacewalks. With Discovery's launch, he will have flown on each of the three existing shuttles.
"I've got lots of memories of my previous two missions obviously, and hopefully I'll make more memories on this mission. I'm sure I will," he said. "But again, working on something for 22 years, actually I've got a lot of memories of working on the program as an engineer. I've got more memories of working on the program as an engineer than I do as flying on the space shuttle as an astronaut."
Mission specialist Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger
Born: May 2, 1975 in Colorado Springs, Colo.
Personal: Married with one child
Metcalf-Lindenburger taught earth science and astronomy for five years at Hudson's Bay High School in Vancouver, Wash. She was selected to become an educator-astronaut in 2004, and has spent the years since then in training and on technical assignments. She has completed more than 10 marathons, including the Boston Marathon in 2004. Discovery's mission is her first spaceflight.
She has a colorful story about her path to the astronaut corps: "When I was teaching astronomy at high school, one of my students said, 'How do you go to the bathroom in space?' ... I said, 'Well, I don't know exactly what the toilet looks like, but I'll look it up.' I looked it up that night, and at the same time they had posted that educators could become astronauts. So, I had the answer to my student's question, but I also got an answer to a dream that I had for a long time, and so I applied for the astronaut position."
Mission specialist Stephanie Wilson
Born: 1966 in Boston
Wilson was trained as an aerospace engineer and worked at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory before becoming an astronaut in 1996. Her flight to the International Space Station in 2006 made her the second African-American woman to go into space (after Mae Jemison, who flew in 1992). A year later, she took her second space shuttle flight, helping to deliver the Harmony connecting node to the space station.
"For this flight, my key responsibilities are in the areas of robotics," she said. "I will be managing the plan that transfers our launch vehicle into an orbiting vehicle, and the reconfiguration for entry. I'll also be setting up the computer network and making sure that that runs properly during the mission."
Japanese mission specialist Naoko Yamazaki
Born: 1970 in Matsudo, Japan
Personal: Married with one child
Yamazaki went to work for Japan's space agency in 1996 and was involved in the development of Japan's Kibo orbital laboratory, which is now attached to the space station. She was certified as an astronaut in 2001 and completed training at NASA's Johnson Space Center in 2004. Her initial technical assignment was in the astronaut office's robotics branch.
She'll be flying into space for the first time on Discovery, as the mission's load master. "It is like orchestrating all the transfer activities, more than 120 hours," she explained, "and also I will operate the space shuttle robotic arm to inspect the space shuttle, our thermal tiles, which may have damaged from ascent. Also, Stephanie and I will operate the station robotic arm to berth and unberth the Multi Purpose Logistics Module from the International Space Station."
Yamazaki said her meeting with Noguchi will represent "a very big step for Japan."
"We are looking forward to working with each other, and we are also looking forward to sharing some Japanese culture among the crew members," she said.


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My most popular script for Adobe Illustrator is "Find and Replace Graphics". This script is useful if you have generic path objects that you need to switch to another shape, or replace with a proper symbol. Most of the time this script works but occasionally it errors out saying a group cannot be moved, the end.
If you are getting this error, you can either (a) unlock the top-most layer in your document and try again, or (b) copy and paste the subject objects into a new document, run the script there, and then copy-paste them back to your original document.
The bug is related to the fact the script is rather dumb about layer detection. In fact, you'll notice it moves all your objects off their original layer and onto the bottom-most layer in the document.
A forthcoming update will fix this underlying object-layer problem, and the locked-layer bug.
Tags: bug, Find and Replace, illustrator, javascript, workaround


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Skip to Content
Massey University has a Time to Completion for all qualifications at the University. This means that all qualifications have a time specified by which students are expected to complete the requirements of the qualification so they can graduate.
For undergraduate and graduate qualifications, the Time to Completion will generally be 8 years. This means that all students are expected to have graduated with at least one undergraduate or graduate qualification after 8 academic years.
For postgraduate qualifications there is a sliding scale for Time to Completion which relates to the size (credit value) of the qualification.
Why does Massey have a requirement that qualifications must be completed within a set time frame?
At Massey University our focus has long been on lifelong learning as we have recognised that opportunities to learn at any stage of life enhances wellbeing, improves people's earning potential, and contributes to our economy and community. We continue to support our distance and part-time learners, along with our full-time students, with appropriate resources to enable all students of the University to fulfil their potential.
Time to Completion for Graduate and Undergraduate programmes and the extension of Time to Completion across all postgraduate programmes was introduced to assist in improving student success and completion at the University.
With Time to Completion for all Massey University qualifications, we can support students by establishing clear milestones and reporting of student progress toward them. This fosters an environment where students are encouraged to commit to their study through regular enrolments, maintain contact with the University regarding their study intentions, and complement their interest in study with qualification completions where practicable – or by choosing smaller qualifications that articulate into one another and thereby include completion milestones en route to a final study destination.
The Time to Completion along with a definition for Abandonment of Place (three consecutive academic years with no successful enrolment) also provides clarity around the obligation of the University to keep obsolete or significantly changed qualifications, and places in qualifications, open for students beyond a reasonable timeframe or where students are no longer actively engaged with the University.
Refer to the detail section for more information, including information on Time to Completion in specific programmes.
How does this affect me?
You have 8 academic years to complete your first qualification at Massey University. Students who are studying full-time for a 360 credit Bachelor degree, such as the BA, BBS or BSc will generally sit 8 courses per year and complete their degrees in 3 years. Of course we understand that many students fail one or more courses, and the 8 year Time to completion will provide plenty of time for you to catch up on any courses you have missed. Some students may also need a semester or two off from study because of illness, family, or other personal circumstances, and this too can be easily accommodated within 8 academic years. If you are studying part-time please see our information for part-time students.
I have studied at a previous tertiary institution. How does this affect me?
If you are transferring to Massey from another tertiary institution you will have 8 academic years to complete your first undergraduate or graduate qualification at Massey. If you wish to transfer credit into a Massey qualification the time you have available to complete your qualification will be reduced proportionately to the amount of credit you are permitted to transfer. For example, if you are enrolling in the BBS and the University credits you with 4 courses from your studies elsewhere, the time you have available to complete your BBS is 7 academic years (8 years minus 60/360 credits, rounded to the next whole academic year). For other examples see the detail section.
I have studied previously at Massey. How does this affect me?
The Time to Completion was introduced in 2012 and will not be applied retrospectively. Your academic history prior to 2012 will not count towards the 8 year time limit.Further information is provided on breaks from study in the detail section.
If you are not currently enrolled in a qualification, but wish to return to Massey for further study after a break, you may find that the qualification in which you were previously enrolled has changed and you will need to meet the requirements of the new regulations for that qualification or the nearest equivalent if the qualification is no longer available.
If you have previously graduated and wish to transfer or cross-credit courses into a new qualification, the time you have available to complete your qualification will be reduced proportionately to the amount of credit you are permitted to transfer. For example, if you have already completed a Diploma in Arts and would like to surrender that in order to complete the BA, you will have 6 academic years (8 years minus 120/360 credits, rounded to the next whole academic year) to complete your BA. For other examples see the detail section.
Three courses a year is unrealistic for me. Does this mean I can never get a degree?
Massey has a long history of providing study opportunities that fit around people's busy lives. We understand that many of our students are juggling employment, family, community, and study commitments. We understand the need to be realistic about study workloads so study can be enjoyable and successful. Many students start off with one or two courses a year, and increase that workload over time as they experience more success and can see completion of their qualification in sight.
We encourage students to work with staff at the University to plan their workloads. A formal opportunity will be provided when 6 academic years have elapsed to request an extension to the Time to Completion. An assessment will be made by staff, and students who have remained engaged with the University, are passing their courses, and are on track to completion may have extensions approved on the basis of an agreed study plan. Staff will discuss other options with students who are not making the necessary progress to complete within 8 academic years, including award of alternative qualifications.
How does this affect me?
Most postgraduate qualifications have always had times by which they needed to be completed - particularly those which carry the award of honours.
In 2012 Time to Completion was introduced for Postgraduate Certificates (2 years), Postgraduate Diplomas (4 years), and 180 credit Masters (5 years) which did not have time limits specified in programme regulations prior to 2012.
The Time to Completion for these qualifications is only applied from 2012, meaning students who enrolled in 2012 or subsequently and had already completed some credits towards a Postgraduate Certificate or Postgraduate Diploma, had 2 years/4 years (respectively) from 2012 and should have completed their qualification by now.. Students who intend to progress from a Postgraduate Diploma into Masters will still need to comply with the Time to Completion for Masters programmes and should be mindful of these timeframes when planning their study.
Abandonment of Place rules apply to all studies.
The Times to Completion for Postgraduate qualifications are:
|Credit Value
|Time to Completion (Academic Years)
|Postgraduate Certificate
|60 credits
|2 years
|Postgraduate Diploma
|120 credits
|4 years
|Bachelor Honours
|120 credits
|1 year/ 3 years*
|Masters Degree
|120 credits
|4 years
|180 credits
|5 years
|240 credits
|6 years
* 1 year from first year of enrolling fulltime, 3 years from first year of enrolling part time.
What are the Time Frames for each Undergraduate/ Graduate qualification?
To find out the Time to Completion for your qualification, you will need to refer to the Qualification Regulations. If a time is specified, then this is the length of time available to complete that qualification; If no time is specified, then the general Time to Completion will apply.
Most Undergraduate Degrees, Diplomas, and Certificates, and Graduate Diplomas and Certificates: 8 academic years
Exceptions are:
How is the 8 years calculated?
Students have 8 consecutive academic years from the year in which they first enrol, to complete their qualification. E.g. a student who enrolled for the first time in Semester One 2012 will have until Summer Semester 2019 to complete. A student who enrolled for the first time in Semester Two 2014 will have until Summer Semester 2021 to complete.
I would like to have a break from study. What does this mean for me?
The Time to Completion is calculated on the basis of consecutive academic years from the year in which you first enrol. This means that if you choose not to study for any period of time you will still need to ensure you can complete your qualification within the 8 years. It is helpful to the University if you advise our staff of your intentions or if you have experienced exceptional circumstances which have made a break from study necessary. This will assist us to evaluate any application you later submit for an extension of the Time to Completion.
If you take a break of three or more academic years, the University considers that you have abandoned your place in the Qualification. This means that while you can apply to re-enrol at a later date, we are not obligated to hold a place open for you, which may mean that:
Breaks from study may not be able to be accommodated in qualifications with shorter Times for Completion.
I'm going on a Student Exchange. How will that be counted?
The time you spend on a Student Exchange will be counted as part of your 8 years for completion. Successful study while on exchange will credit in full towards your Massey qualification.
Time Limits for Undergraduate/Graduate Qualifications – Reduction for prior credit.
Students commencing study in undergraduate and graduate qualifications where no time limit is specified in the Qualification Regulations will have an 8 year Time to Complete, with students coming into their study with credit (either from a completed Massey qualification or study elsewhere) given a reduction in the time to complete according to the proportion of the qualification credited. (Note: time limit will be roundedupto a complete number of academic years).
360 Credit Qualification
|Credit awarded
|No. of courses(15 credits)
|Reduction (academic years)
|Time remaining (academic years)
|0 – 30
|0 – 2
|45 – 75
|3 – 5
|90 – 120
|6 – 8
|135 – 165
|9 – 11
|180 – 210
|12 – 14
|225 – 255
|15 – 17
480Credit Qualification
|Credit awarded
|No. of courses(15 credits)
|Reduction (academic years)
|Time remaining (academic years)
|0 – 45
|0 – 3
|60 – 105
|4 – 7
|120 – 165
|8 – 11
|180 – 225
|12 – 15
|240 – 285
|16 – 19
|300 – 345
|20 – 23
What if I want to change from one qualification to another at Massey University?
We understand that your interests and goals may change as you engage with new topics and pursue new opportunities; this is all part of the learning process. If you have not yet completed your first graduate or undergraduate qualification you can apply to change the qualification in which you are enrolled at any time, however changing qualification will not extend your maximum time to complete.
If your new graduate or undergraduate qualification has a shorter time to complete than 8 consecutive academic years, (eg Bachelor of Nursing has a five year time to complete) you may not take longer than the maximum time specified in the qualification regulations. As an example, if you have completed one year of a Bachelor of Science, and choose to change to a Bachelor of Nursing the following year, you will have a maximum of five more years to complete the Bachelor of Nursing, making six years in total from when you commenced your Bachelor of Science. If you are receiving Student Loans or Allowances and wish to change your qualification, check with your funding body (e.g. StudyLink) to ensure you understand the implications.
If you have already graduated at Massey and wish to transfer or cross-credit courses into a new qualification, the time you have available to complete your qualification will be reduced proportionately to the amount of credit you are permitted to transfer. For example, if you have already completed a 120 credit Diploma in Arts and would like to surrender that in order to complete the Bachelor of Arts, you will have 6 academic years to complete your Bachelor of Arts (see table above). If you do not surrender the qualification and you are granted cross credit of 45 credits from your completed Diploma in Arts to a Bachelor of Arts your time to complete your Bachelor of Arts will be reduced to 7 years (see table above).
Page authorised by Director, Student Administration
Last updated on Wednesday 20 December 2017
Massey Contact Centre Mon - Fri 8:30am to 4:30pm 0800 MASSEY (+64 6 350 5701) TXT 5222 email@example.com Web chat Staff Alumni News Māori @ Massey


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Thanks for the I'm really glad that you like it... I really appreciate it .....please, feel free to check out the rest of my gallery,.. if you want
Glad you like it!
I invite you to take a look at my Facebook page: www.facebook.com/pages/HRD-Pho... If you do visit..don't forget to LIKE ! Thank you


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Recoverite (AES vol 7.13)
Exactly what your body craves after workouts!BY STEVE BORN
Spring has finally arrived! That means you're out running, cycling, paddling, or whatever your chosen sport may be, with more frequency and for longer periods of time. If you're preparing for any races, you know that this time of year is when training volume begins to peak, and those key races are right on the horizon.
Whether you're a weekend warrior or a full-blown racer, post-workout recovery plays an essential role in accomplishing your fitness goals. Proper recovery will ensure that you:
- Obtain the most fitness benefits from your workouts
- Get the full value out of the investment you make in equipment
- Maintain optimal immune system functioning, thus improving overall health
Taking the steps to recover fully and completely between your workouts is as important a component of athletic performance as any equipment used and any training plan employed. PERIOD!
When your body doesn't receive the nutritional support it needs after a workout, it's simply not going to respond favorably. The time it takes to recuperate is prolonged, muscle tissue doesn't heal and rebuild as quickly or thoroughly, you'll feel sorer for longer periods of time, and the potential for getting sick - courtesy of a suppressed immune system - increases. Plus, you miss out on the brief "window of opportunity" that your body gives you to store greater amounts of the onboard, ready-to-use fuel known as muscle glycogen.
If you make the effort to recover properly after every workout, your body will more efficiently and effectively absorb all of the hard work you've done in training. That leads to increased fitness and better overall health, the primary goals of exercise. Remember, how well you recover today will be a huge factor in how well you perform tomorrow.
The "do's" and "don'ts" for optimal recovery
1.) DO replenish your body with complex carbohydrates ASAP. When your workout's completed, your body is on "empty" and needs rapid replenishment to restore depleted glycogen stores. Why is this important? Because when you begin a workout or race, the primary fuel your body uses for the first 60-90 minutes is muscle glycogen. Studies show that the preexercise muscle glycogen level is the most important energy determinant for exercise performance, so athletes who have more of this readily available fuel in their bodies should have a definite advantage.
The good news is that you can substantially increase your glycogen storage capacity through the process of training and then replenishing ASAP after your workout, and the sooner the better! Research has shown that glycogen synthesis and storage is highest when subjects are given carbohydrates immediately after exercise, ideally within the first 60 minutes.
2.) DON'T consume junk foods or fuels! Some so-called "experts" suggest that you can eat darn near anything after your workout and enjoy maximum recovery - one cycling coach even suggests that soft drinks are acceptable. Seriously? You've just thrashed your body in training and now you're going to consume junk, believing that optimal recovery is a given? Once again, the oft-used adage "garbage in, garbage out" applies here. If you consume garbage food after your workout, that's what you can expect your recovery to be: garbage. By the way, if you're still under the belief that chocolate milk - touted as a great recovery drink - is ideal, check out the article on the next page.
Always remember that what you put in your body determines what you'll get out of it. If you want your recovery to be as good as possible, feed your body with high-quality food or fuel, containing ample amounts of complex carbohydrates and sufficient amounts of protein.
3.) DO consume whey protein isolate with complex carbohydrates. Carbohydrates can't do the job alone; you need protein as well, ideally whey protein (choose isolate over concentrate), which provides the following benefits:
- Raw materials to rebuild stressed muscles - Whey protein is the premier protein source of the three branched chain amino acids used for muscle tissue repair.
- Enhanced glycogen storage - Research has shown that the consumption of carbohydrates plus protein, versus carbohydrates alone, is a superior way to maximize post-exercise muscle glycogen synthesis.
- Immune system maintenance - Whey protein is loaded with immune system- boosting lactoferrin and immunoglobulins, as well as high levels of amino acids that spur the production of glutathione, arguably the most powerful antioxidant there is.
4.) DON'T consume fiber and fat with your recovery fuel. Fiber and healthy fats (such as fish oil) are good for overall health; however, don't consume them with your recovery food or fuel shortly following your workout as they slow down the digestive process significantly. After a workout, you want carbohydrates and protein absorbed into your system right away, so save the high-fiber foods and healthy fat consumption for another meal.
Give your body what it needs immediately after exercise when it's most receptive to replenishment, and it will respond wonderfully by recovering faster, adapting to physical stress more efficiently, and storing more readily available muscle glycogen as fuel in the muscles. Within the first 60 minutes after you finish your workout (remember, the sooner the better), it's crucial to replenish your body with high-quality fuel.
Recoverite provides your body with an ideal 3:1 ratio of complex carbohydrates and whey protein isolate, plus other nutrients beneficial for recovery. Use Recoverite consistently to get maximum value out of every minute you put into your training and the equipment that you use. Available in four delicious flavors, Recoverite has a mild, pleasant taste that you'll enjoy. Mix a couple of scoops with water, drink, and you're done . . . simple! You've just put the best possible "finishing touches" on your workout, and you've given your body the perfect head start on tomorrow's workout.
Go online or give us a call, and order a supply of Recoverite today. We guarantee that Recoverite will be the best post-workout/race fuel you'll ever use. HN


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District 1 -
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Alright friends, let's get this bad boy fired up. We're going to step into 2011 this year and have an actual group on ESPN for our Survivor Pool.
Here's the link and info for how to join:
Group: CS/UB5
Password: utahdan12345
$10 to play, winner take all.
Boardmail me for the paypal/venmo info, or just look it up from a previous boardmail.
Looking forward to it.