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Translational Therapy in Patients With Osteogenesis Imperfecta - A Pilot Trial on Treatment With the Rankl-Antibody Denosumab (OI-AK)
This study has been completed.
University of Cologne
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Dr. med. Joerg Oliver Semler, University of Cologne
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: February 14, 2013
Last updated: January 26, 2015
Last verified: January 2015
- Full Text View
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- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Pilot study to assess the efficacy of a therapy with the RANKL-antibody denosumab in children 5-10 years of age with mutation in COL1A1 or COL1A2 leading to Osteogenesis imperfecta. Efficacy will be assessed by DXA measurements at the lumbar spine of the areal bone mineral density (BMD) which is the most frequently used parameter in trials investigating osteoporosis.
The hypothesis of the study is:
Osteoclastic activity which is increased in OI could be reduced by inhibition of osteoclast maturation. Denosumab inhibits maturation of the osteoclasts by inhibiting RANKL. BMD could be increased during a 36 week treatment course with denosumab measured after 48 weeks.
Condition | Intervention | Phase |
Osteogenesis Imperfecta |
Drug: Denosumab |
Phase 2 |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment Masking: Open Label Primary Purpose: Treatment |
Official Title: | TRANSLATIONAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA - A PILOT TRIAL ON TREATMENT WITH THE RANKL-ANTIBODY DENOSUMAB |
Resource links provided by NLM:
Genetics Home Reference related topics:
osteogenesis imperfecta
MedlinePlus related topics:
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Drug Information available for:
Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center resources:
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IV
U.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by University of Cologne:
Primary Outcome Measures:
- Changes of bone mineral density (BMD [g/cm2]) in lumbar spine after 36 weeks of treatment with denosumab. Changes will be calculated between baseline and study week 48. [ Time Frame: 48 weeks ]
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- Decrease of osteoclastic activity measured by urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD). [ Time Frame: 14 days (DPD) ]
- Parathormone in study week 12, 24, 36 and 48 compared to baseline. [ Time Frame: 12 weeks ]Descriptive statistical analysis
- N-Telopeptides in study week 12, 24, 36 and 48 compared to baseline. [ Time Frame: 12 weeks ]descriptive statistical analysis
- Osteocalcin in study week 12, 24, 36 and 48. [ Time Frame: 12 weeks ]descriptive statistical analysis
Enrollment: | 10 |
Study Start Date: | February 2013 |
Study Completion Date: | January 2015 |
Primary Completion Date: | January 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
Arms | Assigned Interventions |
Experimental: Denosumab subcutaneously |
Drug: Denosumab
Denosumab will be given subcutaneously in a dosage of 1mg/kg body weight every 12 weeks. 4 interventions are planned until trial week 36. There is no control group planned.
Ages Eligible for Study: | 5 Years to 11 Years (Child) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria
- Male or female subjects between 5 years and 10 years of age with molecular proven Osteogenesis imperfecta (COL1A1/A2 mutation)
- Subjects must have been treated for a minimum of 2 years with bisphosphonates prior to study entry
Exclusion Criteria:
- Hypocalcemia (<1.03 mmol/l ionized Calcium)
- Subjects with reduced renal function (estimated GFR (Schwartz formula) <30ml/min/1.73m2)
- Any other abnormal finding such as physical examination or laboratory evaluation, in the opinion of the investigator that is indicative of a disease that would compromise the safety of the patient when getting denosumab s.c.
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.
For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01799798
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01799798
Germany | |
University Cologne, Childrens Hospital, Cologne, Germany | |
Cologne, NRW, Germany, 50924 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
University of Cologne
Principal Investigator: | Joerg Oliver Semler, MD | University Cologne, Childrens Hospital, Cologne, Germany |
More Information
Keywords provided by University of Cologne:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on March 30, 2017
Responsible Party: | Dr. med. Joerg Oliver Semler, Head of the outpatient center for sceletal dysplasias, University of Cologne |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01799798 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
Uni-Koeln-1574 |
Study First Received: | February 14, 2013 |
Last Updated: | January 26, 2015 |
Keywords provided by University of Cologne:
Osteogenesis imperfecta COL1A1/A2 Denosumab |
Bisphosphonates Children Areal bone mineral density |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Osteochondrodysplasias Bone Diseases, Developmental Bone Diseases Musculoskeletal Diseases Genetic Diseases, Inborn Collagen Diseases |
Connective Tissue Diseases Antibodies Denosumab Immunologic Factors Physiological Effects of Drugs Bone Density Conservation Agents |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on March 30, 2017


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Papeete, Tahiti, December 1, 2012 - The 2012 Oceania Beach Volleyball Championships started in Papeete, Tahiti on Saturday with Australia completing the opening day unbeaten.
Countries taking part in the tournament are Australia, New Zealand, Vanuatu, Wallis & Futuna, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea and Tahiti with a total of nine teams in the senior women's category and 12 teams in the senior men's category.
The women's competition started with the host country's top team beating the Solomon Islands in straight sets (21-4, 21-9). The men's category started with the host country's third team taking on New Zealand 2. The young New Zealanders disappointed the home crowd and won the game 2-0 (21-19, 21-17).
The heat and windy conditions during the day did not deter the atmosphere at the "Jardine de Paofai" which saw some great performances from up and coming teams from Wallis & Futuna and the young New Zealand players.
New Zealand men's pairing of Darryl Lewis and James Gilling played their hearts out in the heat when they took on the experienced Australia pairing of Sam Boehm and Russel Moore to the tournament's first tie-break on the second last match of the day. Despite New Zealand players' determination, Australia eventually won the game 2-1 (21-16, 15-21, 15-10).
Another thrilling match was Tahiti No. 1 women's team against Vanuatu. The Tahitians saw the opportunity to get even with the Vanuatu team after bowing out to them in the semifinals at the New Caledonia 2011 Pacific Games. Despite the beautiful weather and the advantage of the home crowd, Vanuatu again proved yet again why they were crowned the gold medallists at the 2011 Pacific Games by winning the game 2-0 (25-23, 26-24).
2012 Oceania Beach Volleyball Championships – Day One ResultsSenior WomenAustralia vs Tahiti 2: 2-0 (21-14, 21-9)Vanuatu vs New Zealand 2: 2-0 (21-7, 21-12)Solomon Islands vs Tahiti 3: 0-2 (7-21, 5-21)Australia vs New Zealand 1: 2-0 (21-4, 21-11)
Senior MenNew Zealand 2 vs Tahiti 3: 2-0 (21-19, 21-17)Vanuatu vs Tahiti 2: 0-2 (14-21, 20-22)New Caledonia 1 vs Wallis & Futuna: 2-0 (21-12, 21-6)New Zealand 1 vs Solomon Islands: 2-0 (21-14, 21-11)Australia vs New Zealand 2: 2-1 (21-16, 15-21, 15-10)Tahiti 1 vs New Caledonia 2: 2-0 (21-14, 21-16)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Articles by Matt Minde :: Page 15
To new healer, the eyes have it
Some see eyes as windows to the soul, while others, like local iridologist Eric Rodriguez, also see the iris as a window into the body, revealing a person's health history, unhealthy habits and future illnesses.
Moments that make our community
For our annual holiday story, the News staff asked villagers to describe a 2012 "Yellow Springs moment," that is, a time when they felt an especially strong sense of community in the village
Yellow Springs Board Of Education
Agenda for Thursday, January 9
Dec. 6, 2012 Bulldogs sports roundup
Dec. 6, 2012 Bulldogs sports roundup
Little Egypt filled with facts and artifacts
Mills Lawn School was teeming last Friday with mascaraed, robed and loinclothed sixth graders who presented the fruits of their studies at the annual Egypt night, Thursday, Nov. 15.
Rededication honors Vernet
It's been a long time coming — and a bit of a mess. But this weekend the public will have the opportunity to see firsthand an investment that was well worth the wait.
Methodists celebrate 175 years
It was the year Martin Van Buren became the eighth president of the United States. Two months after his inauguration, New York City's major banks failed, igniting the "Panic of 1837." And in that same year, right here in Yellow Springs, the United Methodist Church held its first meetings.
Not two-tired…
The Antioch School held its recently-revived Anything On Wheels fundraising event Sept. 23.
United Way slashes funds to YSCC
In June the YSCC board learned that its annual funding through United Way of Greater Dayton had been cut from about $16,000 down to $700 for the 2012–13 and 2013–14 fiscal years.
A bit of summer street magic
Susan Gartner is one of several residents of the Davis/Whiteman/Phillips Street area who have made block parties a spirited annual event in their neighborhood.


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GM rebuffs two-class share plan from Einhorn's Greenlight Capital
General Motors Co on Tuesday rejected a proposal by billionaire investor David Einhorn to split its common stock into two classes to help boost its share price.
NEW YORK The S&P 500 eked out a small gain for a third straight session on Thursday, helped by a flurry of merger activity, though investors see no catalysts to lift the market further with major averages near multi-year highs.
The market's slowed advance took the S&P 500 to its highest intraday level since November 2007 on Wednesday. While the index notched its third straight day of gains, none was more than 0.2 percent.
Shares of H.J. Heinz Co HNZ.N jumped 20 percent to $72.50 after it said Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway (BRKb.N) and 3G Capital will buy the food company for $72.50 a share, or $28 billion including debt. Berkshire's class B shares rose 1.3 percent to $99.21.
Also supporting the market was data showing the number of Americans filing new claims for unemployment benefits fell more than expected in the latest week. The CBOE Volatility index .VIX fell 2.4 percent, dropping to 12.67.
"While I'm not bearish, I don't see many upside motivations at these levels," said Donald Selkin, chief market strategist at National Securities in New York, who cited the low level of the VIX as a sign the market was overbought.
Equities have struggled to break above current levels where they have been hovering for almost two weeks. The S&P 500 is up more than 6 percent so far this year.
"We need to digest some of our gains to go higher, but people are so eager to buy on the dips that we're not even seeing dips anymore. People are just chasing the market higher," said Selkin, who helps oversee about $3 billion in assets.
Stocks fell earlier after a report the euro zone's gross domestic product contracted by the steepest amount since the first quarter of 2009. In addition, Japan's GDP shrank 0.1 percent in the fourth quarter, crushing expectations of a modest return to growth.
The Dow Jones industrial average .DJI was down 9.52 points, or 0.07 percent, at 13,973.39. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index .SPX was up 1.05 points, or 0.07 percent, at 1,521.38. The Nasdaq Composite Index .IXIC was up 1.78 points, or 0.06 percent, at 3,198.66.
Constellation Brands (STZ.N) soared 37 percent to $43.75 after AB InBev's deal to take over Mexican brewer Grupo Modelo GMODELOC.MX was revised to grant Constellation perpetual rights to distribute Corona and other Modelo brands in the United States. U.S. shares of AB InBev (BUD.N) gained 5.1 percent to $92.77.
American Airlines and US Airways Group LCC.N said they plan to merge in a deal that will form the world's biggest air carrier, with an equity valuation of about $11 billion. US Airways shares fell 4.6 percent to $13.99.
Weakness in Europe contributed to a 5 percent drop in revenue from the region for Cisco Systems (CSCO.O), which nonetheless beat estimates as it reported its results late Wednesday. The company's shares dipped 0.7 percent to $20.99.
General Motors Co (GM.N) reported a weaker-than-expected fourth-quarter profit, also citing bigger losses in Europe alongside lower prices in its core North American market. The stock was off 3.3 percent to $27.73.
Only five more stocks rose than fell on the New York Stock Exchange, while 51 percent of Nasdaq-listed shares closed higher.
Volume was light, with about 6.36 billion shares changing hands on the New York Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq and NYSE MKT, below the daily average so far this year of about 6.48 billion shares.
(Editing by Nick Zieminski and Kenneth Barry)


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In Hawaii, this simply means taking the time to chat with people.We invite you to "talk story" with us and share your Maui memories.
Share Your Experience With Us
"With the magnificent Pacific views and elegant Maui condos along the beach, our stay here was magical."
"Year of the Dragon Celebrated in Wailea, Maui"
Chinese New Year was celebrated by both local residents and Maui visitors at the Shops at Wailea last night with Shaolin Martial Arts mastery, the traditional Lion Dance and the Feeding of the Lions.
The origins of Chinese New Year are deeply rooted in age old traditions dating from 2600 BC when the first cycle of the zodiac was introduced. Because Chinese New Year is celebrated in accordance with the lunar calendar, there is no fixed date, with several celebrations popping up all over Maui.
2012 is the Year of the Dragon. Each year is named after one of twelve animals and it is believed that the animal of your birth year tremendously influences your behavior and traits.
Children and adults alike offered the traditional red envelope and dollar bills to the hungry lions. It is believed that if the lion comes up to you and eats your pouch, you will enjoy good luck.
I don't know about good luck, but it was obvious that everyone at the Shops at Wailea last night was enjoying a good time! The Maui weather was perfect and many visitors took advantage of the second floor vantage point for photos of a gorgeous Maui sunset.


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My Budget 360
Sunday, September 27, 2009
There are a few statistics that you can look at to see actual human pain in the real economy. You can look at the recent stock market rally yet even a 50+ percent rally is unable to create jobs or stem the economic pain of those at the lower end of the economic spectrum. Looking at food stamp participation from the United States Department of Agriculture shows us a very disturbing picture. When we did a report on this in August of 2009 we had 34 million Americans on food stamps. In the span of one month, the number jumped by over a million.
The raw data shows us that a stunning 12 percent of our entire population is receiving some form of food stamp assistance. The program is now called Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program but the theme is still the same. Let us look at some of the raw data:
Source: Sudden Debt
This is the highest percentage of Americans receiving food stamps since records started being kept back in 1969. The average person receiving assistance now receives $133 per month but even a number this low with such a high number of participants is costing the government $56 billion on an annualized basis.
Here are the top 5 states:
-1. Texas – 3.068 million participants
-2. California – 2.99
-3. New York – 2.57
-4. Florida – 1.77
-5. Illinois – 1.71
What is telling with the data above is that Texas has 24 million people while California has 37 million yet Texas has more people receiving food stamps. Florida and Illinois have nearly the same amount of participants although Florida has 18 million people while Illinois has 13 million people.
When we look at food stamp participation we see the real pain in the economy. I drive around many local areas in California. In many lower to middle class areas you will see department store traffic down to levels unseen in decades. Yet if you look at local dollar stores they are booming with traffic. People are asking about tent cities or soup lines but some of the "hidden" pain is mitigated by people simply buying at lower priced stores. After all, you can buy a loaf of bread, some sliced ham, a few cans of soup, and feed your family for a week. Although this is living on the margins you won't be starving either but might explain why we haven't seen a gigantic jump in tent cities or soup lines.
Yet there is a significant jump in traffic to local charities and shelters as you would expect in any deep recession. Those receiving food stamps will pump practically all the money back into the local economy. With $133 a month there isn't much you can do. Yet it might be enough to provide a tiny buffer. I can only imagine how our country would look like right now if there were no food stamps or unemployment insurance. Can you imagine 35 million people out on the street in the United States of America?
Yet the stock market boosted by the U.S. Treasury and Federal Reserve is only helping the top bracket of our country. Most Americans have seen their hours cut, wages slashed, and are dealing with declining housing prices and a smaller stock portfolio. This is the reality on the ground. If we look at the real unemployment rate we are approaching Great Depression levels:
The headline unemployment rate is 9.7 percent. If we look at the government U-6 rate a broader and better indicator of the true employment situation we find that 16.8 percent of people are either unemployed or underemployed. A more broader measure already shows the unemployment rate at 20 percent. Some people have a hard time seeing this in action. Take a look at Detroit that has an unemployment rate of 28.9 percent. That is right, 28.9 percent of a city that once had 1.8 million people and was the hub of the automotive industry.
Even though the pundits and the Wall Street crowd are breathing happy in their custom made suits, the reality on the ground is very different. Those collecting food stamps are only growing. The unemployment rate is only moving up. It is hard for most Americans to except the "lagging indicator" argument when we are breaking records left and right. This is not your typical recession so why are we to expect that things will move out in a typical fashion? Ask those 35 million Americans if they feel the recession is over.
This article was posted: Sunday, September 27, 2009 at 6:10 am
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Wow! Excellent comparison! How is the treble extension on SD-3? Are these dark iems?
I have added a comparison of PFE 232 and SD-2 in the first post.
How is the treble extension on SD-3? Are these dark iems?
Not dark, extension is great. Yet they are very warm.
ok so what is the best way to order these from US? Are they going to distribute these iems in US before the price hike?
I have compared the SD-2 to UE900 and added it in the first post:
The UE900 has a very special sounding, and to be honest, by tuning alone, it is my favorite multi-BA IEM. The tonality of the SD-2 is very different, pushing mids forward and giving an overall more lively presentation with better timbre. The UE900 feels more precise and cleaner, though.
In the bass department, UE900 is so far the best IEM I've heard. The PRaT is simply amazing and the bass is very linear with extension that only reaches its limit by my hearing capabilities. Technically, the SD-2 is easily surpassed, feeling bloated in the kickbass area and delivering considerably less subbass. The differences in bass are on a scale similar to LCD-2 vs HD650.
However, I love how real the mids sound with the SD-2, appearing lush with full body and almost holographic. The UE900 sounds comparably lifeless, sucked from blood and very dry. Furthermore, voices are slightly veiled as they fall off after 2 kHz, resulting in a very relaxed presentation. I will have to give the edge to SD-2, which sounds more realistically tuned and just has a small dip in the 4 kHz area.
The Logitech does not recover before 8-10 kHz, which I've heard some people even complain about sounding bright. I did not perceive it as such, but I noticed the UE900 extends very well in the highs. The SD-2 has a much smoother transition with a warm fade-out from 5-16 kHz, avoiding any harshness.
Needless to say, the StageDiver has the much larger soundstage. The UE900 features very little space, but does well with layering and separation.
Actually, I have to give the edge to UE900 in terms of resolution as it performs incredibly solid across the whole frequency range. Though also precise, next to the UE900 the SD-2 sounds spongy in the bass, thicker in the mids and silkier in the highs.
SD-2 and UE900 are very different IEMs. One is of the engaging kind, captivating you with realistic timbre and soundstage, whereas the other is vaguely repellent, but also incredibly smart and talented.
BTW, here is a picture of the tips next to each other. I also use the UE tips for the StageDivers.
I am guessing mp4audio (link is in the first post) is the best option for international deliveries, ATM.
Do not worry about the price, the lift will be announced beforehand.
I get the idea this is a small company not equipped to deal with the increased level of international interest the Stagediver series has created. I could be wrong but most of the custom folk aren't gigantic well staffed concerns.
Possibly, we don't know. The fact that the website is only available in German suggests (to me) they're not taking the international market seriously yet.
As far as I'm concerned, the company never targeted the hifi audience in the first place. I am pretty sure they are overwhelmed by the demand in Germany alone.
Apart from showing their StageDiver face-to-face on a music fair (again, aimed at musicians), the company has never advertised their product anywhere. The popularity is only based on experience from users that actually heard the StageDiver series and were amazed. All publicity on Hifi-Forum and Head-Fi is from enthusiasts alone.
You cannot compare this to a big company making a huge international hype/fuss about a new release and deliberately drawing attention.
As the price-performance ratio shows, you are not paying for marketing.
I thus suggest to contact the big distributors like Thomann and mp4audio that are used to high quantity customer requests.
I would like to stay that after me complaining a bit, Marco at Inear was very nice and understanding and accelerated the process to take my order. I will be the owner of a pair of SD3 in a week I guess :)
Great. Let us know how it stacks up against your other high end universals (notably the Heirs), please.
I call it the headfi effect, goes something like this :-
1)Member highlights a undiscovered iem
2)Interest and demand increases
3)Company struggles to meet demand (generally being small ones)
4)interest wears off after a month or two (fotm?)
5)iems start appearing on trade board.
Something like that anyway :)


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OK, here you go.....should attributes be mandatory on cache description pages?
OK, here you go.....should attributes be mandatory on cache description pages?
Everyone has the right to be an idiot at times. Just don't abuse the privilege.
Some of the attributes should be on most cache listings. The handicap accessible icon is just a thoughtful thing to do. Other attributes that warn of hazards, like poison ivy or thorns, can prevent a caching day from being ruined. While any concerns could be described in the cache listings, it's easier to just click on the attributes that are applicable. I don't see a downside to stating the attributes and it's good for the game. Groundspeak would never make it mandatory but I would personally encourage the practice as one of those things that's "the right thing to do!" Good question Paul.
Sometimes the road less traveled is less traveled for a reason.
Using attributes has another advantage. You can search for caches in PQ's using attributes and also sort them in GSAK using the attributes.
I think they are VERY important but I do not think they should be mandatory. I do wish more people would utilize this helpful tool however.
Hey! Dont forget to submit your suggestions for the Ammo Can! It's your newsletter. Help to make it wonderful!! P.S. I apologize now for the typos and misspellings in my post.
There are obvious advantages to having attributes, but I don't think they should be mandatory either. What I dislike most is when they are misused intentionally (such as using the scuba attribute to designate a power trail) or misused according to my interpretation of it. The "Available during Winter" attribute is one which seems way too open to interpretation. To me, it does not mean that the area the cache is located is open to people during Winter, it means you should be able to access the cache in Winter - which to me means it's most likely above the snow line. But I have seen several caches have this attribute and the cache is under a log on the ground. I have 3 caches on cliffs, I do not have the winter attribute set because I don't want people to think they are designed to be found in the snow. I also don't have the winter attribute set to no because if you really wanted to try to do them in Winter, the land is open for you to try. Unfortunately so many hiders interpret many of the attributes differently.
And for Winter, we also have the snowshoes and cross country skis attributes. Does that mean you need them or you can get to the area where the cache is using them? Does it mean the cache is not buried under 5 feet of snow?
So, no for mandatory, but I think clarification of the attributes would be great. And they should not be allowed to be misused.
Last edited by brdad; 06-26-2011 at 11:56 AM.
"The funniest thing about this particular signature is that by the time you realize it doesn't say anything it's to late to stop reading it..."
perhaps a more definative explaination of just what geocaching.com powers that be say the attribute means would be in order. That way there would be less interpertation from the individual cache placer???
Hey! Dont forget to submit your suggestions for the Ammo Can! It's your newsletter. Help to make it wonderful!! P.S. I apologize now for the typos and misspellings in my post.
Well, how much more do you need? Each attribute has just a couple of relevant (as far as I can see) choices. Allowed/not allowed or non-relevant - required or not-required - Yes/no or non-relevant - Present/non-present or not relevant - Yes/no or not relevant (all depending on the attribute these are the choices) - seems pretty clear to me (as the choices of answer appear relevant to the attributes). Maybe I just assume to much - but I don't know how - if anyone chooses to use attributes you could accidently mess it up.
I love them and do my filters based on them.
I was refering to the comment brdad made about different people looking at things like winter friendly differently...some think if the area is open in winter its winter friendly while to others it means it is above snow level. Perhaps is groundspeak left less to interpertation that wouldnt happen.
Hey! Dont forget to submit your suggestions for the Ammo Can! It's your newsletter. Help to make it wonderful!! P.S. I apologize now for the typos and misspellings in my post.
That is one which might be misinterpreted...........we from snow country may have different ideas from those who may be from 'away'. I will never forget busting a LocNLock container which was entombed in the ice as I went to get it before a funeral. Yup, we were on our way to a funeral for a cacher, caching on the way down and I busted the container trying to get it out of the ice. Ah, did I know the attibutes - no - that wasn't even looked at - we were just trying to get the cache. Did we (that reference cause I was with some friends) make some life long friends - ah, sigh, yeah, for sure - the cache container issue was just a small piece of a total and very emotional day...................
Didn't look at the attributes that day - glad we didn't.............but I might say.........thinking that big picture through...........I probably would have tagged it winter accessible..........but..............because of unforeseen ice that year - because of ocean spray..........it surely wasn't.........
Now if you want proof - there are somewhere - some unbelievable photos of me trying to retrieve the cache.
Arributes are subject to a lot of interpretation and there is a lot to take into consideration as it is all considered. ;-)
I had thought about doing an article for the newsletter about this very thing. It would be so nice if you could count on a majority of caches in the area you want to go caching had accurate attributes. Whether or not dogs are allowed would be a prime example for Pam and I. We have two small breed dogs that will accompany us to just about every caching expedition we go on. We might attend an event where there aren't any provisions for dogs but we'd be much more likely to attend one where we could bring our little companions along with us. In the case of an "interpretation" of the attribute exists like with the winter friendly it might be wise to expand on the attribute in the body of the cache listing. Something like, "Winter friendly if the snow doesn't get over 36" deep at the cache location." or "Easily accessible by snowmobile or snowshoes or skis". Just something that lets someone who doesn't have access to the snowmobile and can't do long distances with the shoes or skis know whether or not they even want to attempt the cache.


text:
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- Joint Base Andrews
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Teen Victim of Syracuse Hit and Run Dies
SYRACUSE, N.Y. — More than three days after becoming the victim of a hit-and-run on Syracuse's north side, 18-year-old Seth Collier has died. Collier's sister wrote of his passing in a Facebook post Thursday afternoon, saying "mom dad and I …
Court Hearing: Should Charlie Tan be tried for murder again?
Should Charlie Tan be tried again for killing his dad? It is now up to a panel of judges. Let's set the table for you. Charlie Tan was charged with killing is father, Jim Tan. After a three week trial …
Lawyers: Stay off social media if you want your divorce to go smoothly
It may sound obvious, yet top divorce attorneys tell us their clients aren't heeding their warnings–to their own peril. "As a lawyer, we cringe when we see what people post. We tell them not to do it and they do …
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Tully Supports Creation of Designated Parking Spaces for Wounded Veterans
Proposed legislation would create statewide parking requirements similar to disabled parking law April 15, 2016 – Albany, N.Y. – Tully Rinckey PLLC Founding Partner and decorated Army Veteran Mathew Tully today backed proposed legislation that would allow veterans injured in …
Free Download: EEOC 2016 Update White Paper
You Could Be Sharing Confidential Info and Not Even Know It Tully Rinckey's white paper details the Equal Employment Opportunity's ("EEOC") nationwide change to procedure that has gone largely unnoticed. The new procedure applies to Charges filed on or after …
"Jeans and Sneakers" Fundraiser Aids Western New York Non-Profit
Law firm gives "Casual Friday" a whole new meaning WILLIAMSVILLE, N.Y. (WKBW) – A Western New York law firm is giving "Casual Friday" a whole new meaning. The Tully Rinckey Firm is cashing in on employees who want to wear …
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Tully Rinckey PLLC Senior Counsel Honored at Annual Northern Border Immigration Conference
Oct. 14, 2016 – Buffalo, N.Y. – Tully Rinckey PLLC is pleased to announce Buffalo Senior Counsel Siana J. McLean has been selected as the recipient of the 2016 Peter J. Murrett III Pro Bono Award for the American Immigration …
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Tully Rinckey PLLC Managing Partner Honored at Annual Federal Court Dinner Peter J. Pullano selected as recipient of the 2016 Criminal Justice Act Award by Western New York Judges Sept. 29, 2016 – Rochester, N.Y. –Tully Rinckey PLLC is pleased …
Tully Rinckey PLLC Managing Partner Honored at Annual Federal Court Dinner
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VETCON Announces Free Job Fair and Employment Preparation for Veterans
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Tully Rinckey PLLC Teams-Up with Second Saturday on Divorce Workshop
Monthly sessions provide knowledgeable legal and emotional support for those contemplating divorce February 8, 2016 – Albany, N.Y. – The family and matrimonial law team at Tully Rinckey PLLC is proud to announce its partnership with the Capital Region chapter …
Tully Rinckey PLLC "Turkeys for Veterans" Event Details for 2015
Tully Rinckey PLLC & Hannaford Supermarkets to provide 200 turkeys to veterans this Thanksgiving In an effort to show appreciation for the sacrifices of active duty service members, veterans and their families, Tully Rinckey PLLC and Hannaford Supermarkets will once …


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Soccer Digest, March 11, 2013
Annan leads Tai Po intosemi-finals of FA Cup
Christian Annan sent Wofoo Tai Po to the FA Cup semi-finals after scoring twice and setting up the other in a 3-1 victory over Yokohama FC at Siu Sai Wan Sports Ground yesterday. After a goalless first half, the Ghanaian came to life in the second, setting up Alexander Akande to break the deadlock before bagging a brace. "We had an improved second half and that's why we won," said Tai Po coach Cheung Po-chun. "But our primarily target remains the league and we want to lift ourselves out of the relegation zone as quick as possible." Tai Po will take on fellow strugglers Sun Pegasus for a place in the final after they beat Tuen Mun 3-1 at Yuen Long Stadium (6-3 on aggregate). Chan Kin-wa
Lennon tears into his players after Celtic throw away lead
A furious Neil Lennon slammed his under-performing Celtic players after they slipped to their second successive league defeat. Lennon tore into his players after he watched the Hoops throw away a two-goal lead in a 3-2 loss to newly promoted Ross County. "I want players here who are prepared to roll their sleeves up. In the last couple of games I've not really seen that," Lennon said. "I think a lot of them are not here mentally. We've had one day to prepare for this but I am expecting better from Celtic players. I know I can get better but there are some of them who look as if they don't want to be here any more." AFP
Euro setback for Roma as Udinese force draw
AS Roma missed the chance to close in on the European qualifying places when they drew 1-1 at Udinese, who grabbed a second-half equaliser before finishing with 10 men. Erik Lamela's 20th-minute tap-in for the visitors, after a stunning Zeljko Brkic save from Roma midfielder Alessandro Florenzi's close-range header, was cancelled out by Luis Muriel's smart individual goal just after the hour mark. Roma remain seventh on 44 points, three points behind fifth-placed Lazio, who occupy the second Europa League qualifying spot, while Udinese stayed ninth on 41 points. "In the end it was a decent draw for us," Udinese forward Antonio Di Natale said. Reuters
Watford's Premier hopes dented after loss to Blackpool
Watford's challenge for a place in the Premier League suffered a blow as they crashed to a 2-1 defeat against Blackpool, while promotion rivals Crystal Palace were held to a 2-2 draw by Leeds. Gianfranco Zola's second-placed side were on course to close the gap on Championship leaders Cardiff when on-loan Udinese midfielder Cristian Battachio put the Hornets ahead, but Blackpool hit back through Thomas Ince and Gary MacKenzie. "Today was very difficult circumstances, with a lot of injuries and players that just played for the first time [or] hadn't played for a long time," former Chelsea star Zola said. "We played against a very good team, [and I'm] convinced that we'll be fighting to the end." AFP


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TRAVERSE CITY, Mich. (AP) — Michigan environmental regulators said Thursday that they reached a long-sought deal with Dow Chemical Co. to clean up to 1,400 residential properties in Midland, home of its corporate headquarters and a plant that polluted the area with dioxin for much of the past century.
The state Department of Environmental Quality said it agreed with the company on the outlines of a cleanup plan, marking a milestone in on-and-off negotiations that began in the mid-1990s. Dow will cover all of the costs and will fill in the plan details and submit them for review next month.
The total cost of the plan won't be clear until it's known how many of the 1,400 properties require cleaning and how much work needs to be done, Dow and DEQ officials said. The company said it would offer to buy about 50 homes and lots in two areas close to the plant.
"This proposed plan represents tremendous effort by the many partners gathered to address Midland's dioxin issue," DEQ Director Dan Wyant said. "The proposal is just the beginning of the work that lies ahead. I commend Dow officials for their commitment to the community and Michigan's environment, and we look forward to working with them on this effort."
Property owners will get to decide whether to accept Dow offers to clean or buy their properties, spokeswoman Mary Draves said.
"Our focus is to bring about closure for the residents of the Midland community," Draves said.
Dioxin is a family of byproducts from industrial processes, including chemical manufacturing. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has described one form as likely to cause cancer.
Dow has acknowledged polluting some Midland neighborhoods as well as the nearby Tittabawassee and Saginaw rivers, their floodplains and Lake Huron's Saginaw Bay with dioxin for the better part of the 20th century, from the late 1890s until the 1970s, first by dumping liquid waste and later by incinerating it and creating airborne emissions that settled in soil downwind of the plant. Installation of new equipment drastically reduced the air pollution, state regulators said.
The company contends the dioxin hasn't harmed people or wildlife. It has spent more than $40 million on studies, sediment sampling and other preliminary work, including the removal of tainted soil from highly toxic "hot spots." One had the highest dioxin levels ever recorded in the Great Lakes region.
Environmental activists have accused the company of dragging its feet in agreeing on a plan to fix the damage.
Dow's plan will include sampling soil in Midland neighborhoods near the plant to determine which properties have enough dioxin in the soil — more than 250 parts per trillion — to require cleanup.
Michigan's default cleanup threshold is a more stringent 90 ppt. But the law allows some variation when scientific studies determine that local soil conditions justify it, said Brad Wurfel, a Department of Environmental Quality spokesman.
In Midland, studies showed that the 250 ppt standard was sufficient to meet legally required risk levels for avoiding cancer or other serious illnesses after ingesting dioxin-laced dust or soil over roughly 50 years, said Jim Sygo, the agency's deputy director.
In yards that are cleaned, 12 inches of soil will be removed and replaced with clean dirt topped with grass. Any trees or shrubs that must be removed to get the job done will be replaced as well. Previous measurements have shown that contamination above the 250 ppt level is limited to the top 1 foot of soil, the agency said.
The tainted dirt will be used as fill at the Dow plant site or taken to the city dump.
Sampling is scheduled to begin in June, following a 45-day comment period on Dow's plan that will include a public hearing. It could take up to six years to remove the tainted soil and finish landscaping work in all the affected neighborhoods, state regulators said.
Parks and schools in the area also will undergo sampling.


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You may or may not be aware, but Kasterborous has a sister site, Cult Britannia, where we cover great British shows that aren't Doctor Who.
Sherlock, Being Human, Red Dwarf and various movies and books are covered there, and the editing team (myself Christian Cawley and occasional Kasterborous writer Thomas Spychalski) are looking for contributors!
Thanks to some recent improvements in the site design and its slowly growing presence, this is a gig that will eventually reap benefits – including payment! We're using a revenue share model at Cult Britannia, so authors get paid based on how often their articles are read.
Specifically, we're looking for news writers, book reviewers and general bloggers who have something to say on shows like The Fades, Merlin, movies such as Skyfall and The Hobbit and even books and classic TV.
The only pre-requisite is that the material must originate from a British creator. As you might have realised, the scope is huge but recently we've been offering quite a narrow view – it's now time for that to change.
Review material will be provided if necessary and we're hoping that Cult Britannia will prove as popular – perhaps even bigger! – than Kasterborous.
If you're interested, get in touch via [email protected]!


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text: Governor Robertsom Oklahoma City, Okla. Your Honor, My Dear Sir:- It is to be regretted that the rule of mob violence still continues in your and other states but it seems that there are people who have no respect for the sacredness nor confidence in the power of the laws of our land and until such times as is possible to make laws that will penalize crime of this nature by life imprisonment the same as now is in force in some states where burglary is punishable by the same sentence as "Murder in the first degree"-a life imprisonment-until such time we will find men and women who will venture to violate the law and take things in their own hands to punish. I well appreciate your position as Governor and realize your attitude in the matter but it seems that some folks do not respect the man of their choice even though he has proven himself worthy as a defender of all this just and right. Your stand in the recent Tulsa outbreak was duly justifiable and the people of your state should commend you in the steps which you have taken for the good of all concerned-surely people of other states feel that you have acted wisely and justly. Oklahoma should be proud of such an executive and I am most sure that they are. There are thousands who have regretted this blot on our Nation and we trust that such a condition will never again arise to bring condemnation upon the American people. Very truly yours, Colonel A.F.M.Culver, Good Samaritans Assn


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Did a little research, but have not found much
Mr. Haunt
I think this is a great topic and should be explored more. This is somthing that should be discussed, this way we can protect eaech other.
I have not researchd this as of late, but will post if I find any thing.
If anyone does research and come up with anything, let us know!
Mr. Haunt
Did a little research, but have not found much
Mr. Haunt
Pro Haunter is correct,
unless you are a real charity like a 501c3 and registered with the state, you can not use free labor even if you give half your profits away. , The federal law does not allow someone to work for free and you profit off their work, it's exploitation. here in DE, we must provide minimum wages and workmen's Comp insurance.
The only way around it is to use a non-profit group that gives you labor and you make a donation to that charity for their time, which is almost the same thing as paid labor but not as reliable.
now, I'm only stating what I was told from meetings we had with our state labor board some years ago. I was also told if we did have volunteers we could be fined $10,000 per worker and back pay.
This past season we raised $250,000+ for the charity we helped out and we still have 150+ paid actors, not one volunteer.
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Are you here to participate in one of our current school-based festivals? If so, choose your school and follow the instructions:
A movie about the effects of rape, letting girls know they shouldn't let their insecurities take over.
date posted: 2013-02-27 | views: 57 | type: Movie
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Full Name: | Nia Ali |
School: | Rowan University |
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This is a summary. To read the whole story subscribe to BostonGlobe.com
Many businesses are experiencing a unique situation: They have as many as four generations working together in their workplaces.
You have traditionalists who were born before or during World War II, baby boomers born between 1945 and the mid 1960s, gen-Xers born between the mid 1960s and 1980, and millennials who were born after 1980.
One area where the generational experience is vastly different and can contribute to misunderstandings is technology. Think about it for a minute.
In voice communication alone, the traditionalists' experience stems from the landline phone. That experience included a strict, "no personal calls" work rule. While boomers were initiated to wireless communications, gen-Xers were first to bring cellphones into the workplace, changing the dynamic of the personal call.


text: 580 WWUS46 KLOX 231706 WSWLOX URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Los Angeles/Oxnard CA 906 AM PST Thu Feb 23 2017 CAZ053-054-231815- /O.CAN.KLOX.WW.Y.0004.000000T0000Z-170223T1800Z/ Ventura County Mountains- Los Angeles County Mountains excluding the Santa Monica Range- Including the cities of Lockwood Valley, Mount Pinos, Acton, Mount Wilson, and Sandberg 906 AM PST Thu Feb 23 2017 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IS CANCELLED... The National Weather Service in Los Angeles/Oxnard has cancelled the Winter Weather Advisory. A few snow flurries are possible this morning though no accumulation is expected. Gusty northwest winds to 45 mph will continue over the higher peaks. $$ MW |


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Unless otherwise noted, information contained in each edition of the Kansas School Naturalist reflects the knowledge of the subject as of the original date of publication.
Volume 12, Number 1 - October 1965
THE COVER PICTURE shows Tim Ladwig, left, and Wally Boles, right. Like most active eighth-grade youngsters, they have many interests. The two boys combined Wally's interest in herpetology and writing and Tim's artistic ability to produce this issue of The Kansas School Naturalist, the first issue written and illustrated by junior high school students. The small reptile in the center of the picture is a pet collared lizard, while the Tyrannosaurus is one of several excellent reproductions to be seen at Henfro's Miniature Golf Course in Emporia, Kansas.Both boys are sons of faculty members. Wally's father is Dr. Robert J. Boles, of the Department of Biology, who has appeared in several previous issues of the Naturalist, both as author and as illustrator: Tim's father is Mr. Tom Ladwig, Director of Publicity, KSTC. |
by Walter E. Boles and Tim Ladwig
Published by The Kansas State Teachers College of Emporia
Prepared and Issued by The Department of Biology, with the cooperation of the Division of Education
Editor: John Breukehnan Department of Biology
Editorial Committee: Ina M. Borman, Robert F. Clarke, Helen M. Douglass, Gilbert A. Leisman, David F. Parmelee, Carl W. Prophet
Online format by: Terri Weast
The Kansas School Naturalist is sent upon request, free of charge,
to Kansas teachers, school board members and administrators,
librarians, conservationists, youth leaders, and other adults interested
in nature education. Back numbers are sent free as long as
the supply lasts, except Vol. 5, No.3, Poisonous Snakes of Kansas.
Copies of this issue may be obtained for 25 cents each postpaid.
Send orders to The Kansas School Naturalist, Department of Biology,
Kansas State Teachers College, Emporia, Kansas.
The Kansas School Naturalist is published in October, December,
February, and April of each year by The Kansas State Teachers
College, 1200 Commercial Street, Emporia, Kansas. Second-class
postage paid at Emporia, Kansas.
by Walter E Boles, Eighth Grade, Roosevelt High School
Illustrated by Tim Ladwig, Eighth Grade, Roosevelt High School
Dinosaurs! This word brings visions of giant monsters of all shapes, strange animals that flew, swam, or walked. But they weren't all giants. Some were no bigger than a cat. Many prehistoric reptiles weren't even dinosaurs. Many animals of long ago would be left out of books only on dinosaurs. This brings up the question: "What is a dinosaur?" The World Book Encyclopedia Dictionary says: "Dinosaur-any of either of two groups of extinct reptiles, some of which grew to enormous size."
This issue of The Kansas School Naturalist will introduce you to these fascinating fossil reptile show we know they lived on earth, when they lived, some examples, and several theories as to why they became extinct. From time to time YOU will no doubt wish to consult the pronunciation guide, the prefix and suffix list explaining the meaning of dinosaur names, and the geological time table at the end of this paper.
Scientists have found preserved remains of dinosaurs, such as bones and teeth. They have also found their tracks still visible in the rocks,
where these ancient reptiles once walked across the soft mud bottoms (now turned to stone) of prehistoric swamps. One print was large enough to hold 18 gallons of water! In a few cases even mummified dinosaurs have been found. Some fossils were formed when the dinosaurs died and were covered with sediment. The soft part of the body decayed and disappeared, but the hard parts were gradually replaced by minerals, a process known as petrifaction.
The first dinosaur to be described was an Iguanodon, discovered in England. The first dinosaur found in the United States was a specimen of Hadrosaurus. The earliest indications of dinosaurs in the United States were footprints found in Connecticut. These were long thought to be the tracks of giant birds. They are now believed to have been made by dinosaurs, since the tracks were formed several million years before the first birds appeared on earth.
Fossilized dinosaur eggs (about three inches long) and newly hatched young of a dinosaur named Protoceratops were discovered some years ago in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia.
Scientists have now discovered enough different kinds of fossil remains to describe more than 100 different kinds of dinosaurs. Many dinosaur skeletons have been carefully removed from where trey were found, and assembled in lifelike positions in various museums in the United States. At the end of this paper may be found a list of museums with well-prepared and interesting dinosaur displays.
The names of dinosaurs are made up of Greek and Latin words describing them. An example is the name Triceratops. The prefix tri- means three, -cerat- means horn, and -ops means face (three-horn-face). Look at the sketch of this dinosaur and see how well this name fits.
In some cases, though, the names that have been given are quite incorrect. Consider the name Geosaurus, which means earth (geo-) lizard (-saurus ). Geosaurus was actually a prehistoric crocodile that lived only in the water.
Although some dinosaurs are so well-known as to have accepted common names, most of them are referred to by their scientific names. These names may appear difficult at first, but when broken down into their prefixes and suffixes, are actually easier to learn and remember than most common names. They also have the advantage of being the same all over the world, which is certainly not true of common names. At the end of this pa~r is a list of the prefixes and suffixes which make up the dinosaurs' names with the meanings, the words (mostly Greek) from which they came, and an example of a dinosaur name using each prefix or suffix. You will find that learning dinosaur names is both easy and fun. The pronunciation guide on page 14 will assist you in the correct pronunciation of the names.
Dinosaurs lived so many years ago that it is difficult for man, who seldom lives to be more than a hundred, to comprehend. Geologists have devised a "Geological Time Table" in which the millions of years of the past have been divided into great "chunks" of time, called eras. Eras are in turn divided into periods. Dinosaurs lived during the Mesozoic era (often called the Age of Reptiles) , which is divided into three periods, the Triassic (the oldest), the Jurassic, and the Cretaceous (the youngest) . See page
Some of the dinosaurs were carnivores, or meat-eaters, while others were herbivores, or plant-eaters. Scientists, however, usually prefer another classification, based upon the shape of the pelvic or hip bones. They divide them into the reptile-hipped dinosaurs, or saurischians, and the bird-hipped dinosaurs, or ornithischians.
The reptile-hipped dinosaurs were the sauropods, or giant herbivorous forms, and the theropods, which were meat-eaters. This group included some of the largest and best known dinosaurs that ever lived. The bird-hipped dinosaurs included the stegosaurs, anklyosaurs, ceratopsians or horned dinosaurs, and the ornithopods or duck-billed dinosaurs.
The saurischians are divided into two smaller groups, according to differences in the structures of their bodies. The two are the sauropods and theropods.
The sauropods ("lizard-footed") included giant dinosaurs, such as Brontosaurus, Brachiosaurus, and Diplodocus. These are probably the best known of the sauropods, but not the only ones. Others were Apatosaurus, Cetiosaurus, and Camarasaurus. Most sauropods lived in the division of prehistoric time known as the Jurassic period, the middle division of the Age of Reptiles. Some lived in the Cretaceous period, and one, Plateosaurus, a 20-foot forerunner of Brontosaurus, was present during the Triassic period.
Brontosaurus, the "thunder reptile" |
Diplodocus |
Brachiosaurus |
Allosaurus |
Trachodon |
Triceratops |
Ankylosaurus and relatives |
Advances in development of horn in ceratopsians |
Stegosaurus |
Brontosaurus, the "thunder reptile"
Paleontologists (men who study fossils) believe that the 70-foot long Brontosaurus was a plant-eater, as were all sauropods. Probably the best known of the dinosaurs, Brontosaurus has been nick-named the "thunder reptile" because its great weight was believed to have caused the ground to rumble like thunder when it walked. It stood up to 35 feet high and may have weighed asmuch as 35 tons. Brontosaurus spent most, if not all, of its life in the water. The water supported some of the great weight of the body, and also offered protection from the fierce terrestrial predators, such as Allosaurus. The long necks of sauropods allowed them to stand in water too deep for their carnivorous enemies. Brontosaurus probably gave birth to its young, and so did not have to come onto the land to lay eggs, as did many of the other dinosaurs.
Diplodocus, though not the heaviest, was the longest of the known dinosaurs; one assembled skeleton measures 87 1/2 feet. Its name means the "double-rafter animal," for people thought it would take two sets of rafters or beams to hold up its long body. It was thinner and had a longer neck and tail than its more massive cousins, Brachiosaurus and Brontosaurus. Its weight was probably about 25 tons. Almost complete skeletons have been found in Wyoming and Colorado.
The heaviest known dinosaur was the 40-ton Brachiosaurus. Its shoulders were 18 feet off the ground and in all it was 45 feet high. Imagine an animal that could walk up and look over a three-story building' Unlike those of most other huge dinosaurs, such as Brontosaurus and Diplodocus, the front legs of Brachiosaurus were longer than its hind legs. The fact that the nostrils of this dinosaur were on top of its head, along with the long neck, suggests that it was aquatic in its habitat.
The second group of reptile-hipped dinosaurs, the theropods (beast footed), were meat-eaters. The best known of these are Allosaurus and Tyrannosaurus. There were many others, such as Ceratosaurus, Gorgosaurus, Megalosaurus, Spinosaurus, as well as some smaller ones, like Ornitholestes ("the bird robber"), Struthiomimus, Compsognathus, and Oviraptor. Compsognathus, and Oviraptor. Compsognathus reached a size no larger than a cat.
Allosaurus was a 25-to 30-foot long flesh-eater. Its main prey was probably the plant-eating sauropods, and no doubt it did not hesitate to attack animals as large or larger than itself. It was the largest theropod of the Jurassic period, reaching a heighth of 15 feet. The head was massive, with a great set of jaws armed with many long, sharp teeth. The front legs were quite small, and only served for grasping their prey or scratching. The hind legs, however, were heavy and powerful, allowing it to run down and overtake its slower and weaker prey. The thick muscular tail not only served to help balance the body, but was able to deliver a punishing blow, much as an alligator does to its victim today. Through millions of years Allosaurus slowly developed into Gorgosaurus ("terrible lizard"), which in turn finally evolved into the fearsome Tyrannosaurus.
Tyrannosaurus rex, the "king of the tyrant reptiles"
The most feared creature of the Cretaceous (if not the most feared land carnivore of all time) was the 20-foot tall and 50-foot long Tyrannosaurus. It may have weighed as much as ten tons. Its head was close to five feet long, and its mighty jaws were lined with rows of six· inch teeth. It resembled a deluxe model of its predecessor, Allosaurus. It probably did not hesitate to kill and eat any living creature large enough to satisfy its gluttonous appetite, and feared no animal that roamed the earth. Like most theropods, the tyrant reptile had short, almost useless front legs, but strong, massive hind legs. Tyrannosaurus (with the possible exception of Brontosaurus) is the most famous of the dinosaurs.
The ornithischians, though not as large and as well-known as the sa urischians we have just discussed, played an important part in the Mesozoic era. Many of the most unusual dinosaurs were ornithischians. Like the saurischians, they are divided into smaller groups, according to differences in their structure.
The feet of ornithopods were birdlike, so are often referred to as ornithopods ("bird-footed ones"). They grew grotesque horns, crests, and spikes on tneir heads and bodies. Trachodon, the best known ornithopod, possessed a strange, duck-like bill, as did Hadrosaurus, Edmoniosaurus, and Anatosaurus. Many, like Parasaurolophus and Stephanosaurus, developed strange crests on top of their heads, while Kritosaurus grew a huge nose.
Other ornithopods were Camptosaurus, the first known ornithopod, Iguanodon, a 35-foot giant, and Troodon and Pachycephalosaurus, famous for their very thick (9 inch) skulls.
Trachodon had about 2000 small teeth in its mouth. As mentioned earlier, its mouth was somewhat duck-like in shape, and so it is often called a "duck-billed" dinosaur. It was about 30 feet long and 16 feet high. The feet were webbed for swimming in swamps, where most of the ornithopods lived. A mummified Trachodon, found in 1908, showed the skin of this dinosaur to be pebbled, like the cover of a golf ball. They fed upon the soft aquatic plants that grew in the swamps about them.
This group of bird-hipped dinosaurs, ranging in size from five to 25 feet in length, are called the ceratopsians because because of the horns that developed on the heads of several species. This name is not too accurate for the group, as some, such as Psittacosaurus and Protoceratops, had no horns. Pentaceratops and Styracosaurus, however, deserved the name, as the first had five horns and the second had seven.
Horns appear to have developed after the ceratopsians had been on the earth for millions of years. The oldest fossil ceratopsian is a hornless form named Psittacosaurus. In a newer layer of rocks Brachyceratops was found, and above this layer paleontologists discovered Protoceratops. This form of dinosaur then evolved into still another form. Fossils may be arranged to show the advances a group of related organisms have made through the ages. Such an arrangement of the horned dinosaurs is shown on page 8.
Triceratops, the great horned dinosaur
The best known ceratopsian was probably Triceratops, who roamed the earth during the Cretaceous period, over 55 million years ago. Like all ceratopsians, it was a plant-eater. Its head was eight feet long, with two powerful horns and a smaller horn on the nose. A large frill protected the neck from attack. Great scars and gouges in this frill suggest that Triceratops fought savage battles among themselves, perhaps for mates. This dinosaur stood about eight feet high and weighed ten tons. The last and largest of the horned forms, Triceratops, was probably one of the few creatures able to hold its own, and perhaps even to defeat, Tyrannosaurus in battle.
Some large ceratopsians were built like army tanks, and some resembled rhinoceroses. The real tanks of the Mesozoic, however, were the ankylosaurs (curve lizard). They had many types of armor.
Ankylusaurus was an 18-foot Cretaceous plant-eater. Its armor protected it from enemy attacks from above. The only way to get to a soft section of its body was to turn it over. The low, squat shape of the body, the spikes along each side, and the club on the end of the tail would have made this both a difficult and dangerous undertaking.
Paleoscinchus resembled Anklyosaurus in that it also had bony plates on its back, a bone club on the end of the tail, and a row of spikes on each side of the body. Nodosaurus had a "coat-of-mail," Scolosaurus had small spikes on its back with a double-pointed tail, Syrmosaurus had a bony club, and Polacanthus had enormous spikes on its back.
Close relatives of Anklyosaurus were the stegosaurs (roof lizard). Some of the best known stegosaurs were Kentrosaurus, Osmosaurus, Scelidosaurus, and Stegosaurus. The reptiles of this group had large, bony plates on their backs. Stegosaurus, the "roofed lizard."
A 20-foot Jurassic herbivore, Stegosaurus had one of the smallest brains in proportion to its body size of any of the dinosaurs. It had a large nerve center near the hips to help control its movements. This condition gave rise to the fable that some dinosaurs had two brains. The double row of large bony plates on its back and the four long sharp spikes on the end of its tail served as weapons of defense.
The dinosaurs are believed to have developed from a small type of reptile called a thecodont (box lizard). The diagram of a dinosaur family tree on page 10 shows how these reptiles may have evolved from such an ancestral form. The pterosaurs, or flying reptiles, also probably evolved from thecodont ancestors. The plesiosaurs, ichthyosaurs, and other aquatic dinosaur types appear to have developed from the cotylosaurs, an earlier reptile from which the thecodonts als) evolved. Though the flying and aquatic (open water) types of prehistoric reptiles are not discussed in this paper, they are interesting and fascinating. The references listed on page 11 contain information for those who wish to read about these extinct reptiles.
After roaming the earth for about 100 to 150 million years, the dinosaurs died out about 55,000,000 years ago, not suddenly, as many think, but over a period of millions of years. Why and how they became extinct is one of the major questions of paleontology.
Some of the ways dinosaurs met their deaths can be reasoned out by scientists. Many of them were killed bv other dinosaurs for food. Some w~re drowned, some trapped in quicksand. Earthquakes, volcanoes, and increasing desert-like conditions took their toll, too. An epidemic may have killed many. The appearance of the first tiny mammals may have helped to spell the doom of these mighty creatures by breaking up the nests of the egg-laying forms.
Whatever the causes, dinosaurs are now extinct. Only their remains are left behind. Visit some of the museums listed on page 11 and see the assembled fossils of these interesting prehistoric reptiles, once the great and terrible rulers of the earth.
Andrews, Roy Chapman. 1953. All About Dinosaurs. $1.95. Random House, Inc., 457 Madison Ave., New York 22, N. Y.
Augusta, Joseph, and Zdenek Burian. (no date given). Prehistoric Animals. $7.95. Tudor Publishing Co., 221 Park Ave. So., New York 3, N. Y.
Bloch, Marie Halun. 1955. Dinosaurs. $2.52. Coward-McCann, Inc., 200 Madison Ave., New York 16, N. Y.
Brown, Stanley, and Barbara Brown. 1958. The Story of Dinosaurs. 125 pp. Harvey Honse, Inc., Irvington-on-Hudson, N. Y.
Colbert, Edwin H., and William A. Burns. 1960. Digging for Dinosaurs. The Columbia Record Club. New York.
Colbert, Edwin H. 1951. The Dinosaur Book. $5.95. 156 pp. American Museum of Natural History. New York.
Colbert, Edwin H. 1961. Dinosaurs, Their Discovery and Their World. $7.95. 300 pp. E. P. Dutton and Co., Inc., 201 Park Ave. So., New York 3, N. Y.
Dunkle, David H. 1957. The World of the Dinosaurs. Smithsonian Publication No. 4296. Washington, D. C.
Fenton, Carroll Lane and Mildred Adams. 1958. The Fossil Book. $15.00. 482 pp. Doubleday & Co., Inc., 575 Madison Ave., New York 22, N.Y. (orders to Garden City, New York.)
Geis, Darlene. 1960. The How and Why Wonder Book of Dinosaurs. $1.00 (pap. $.50). 48 pp. Wonder Books. (Mail orders to Grosset & Dunlap, 1107 Broadway, New York 10, N. Y.)
Life Magazine and Lincoln Barnett. 1958. Prehistoric Animals-Dinosaurs and Other Reptiles and Mammals. $1.49. 56 pp. Simon and Schuster, N. Y. (Mail orders to 1 W. 39th St., New York 18, N. Y.)
Reed, W. Maxwell. 1960. The Earth for Sam. $4.95. 236 pp. Harcourt, Brace, and World, Inc., 750 3rd Ave., New York 17, N.Y.
Scheele, William. 1954. Prehistoric Animals. $4.95. 121 pp. World Publishing Co., 2231 W. 110th St., Cleveland 2, Ohio.
Simpson, George Gaylord. 1953. Life of the Past. $6.00. (pap. $1.45). 198 pp. Yale University Press, 149 York St., New Haven 11, Conn.
Watson, Jane W. 1960. The Giant Golden Book of Dinosaurs and Other Prehistoric Reptiles. $2.95. (rev. ed. $2.99). 58 pp. Golden Press, 850 3rd Ave., New York 22, N. Y. (order from: 1 W. 39th St., New York 18, N. Y.)
CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM, Chicago, Illinois.
COLORADO MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, Denver, Colorado.
DINOSAUR NATIONAL MONUMENT MUSEUM, Jensen, Utah.
FORT HAYS KANSAS STATE COLLEGE MUSEUM, Hays, Kansas.
HANCOCK -PARK TAR PITS, Los Angeles, California. (Operated by Los Angeles Co. Museum)
MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, Eugene, Oregon
MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY, University of California, Berkeley, California.
NATIONAL MUSEUM, Ottawa, Canada.
PALEONTOLOGICAL MUSEUM, Fort Peck, Montana.
PEABODY MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C.
SOUTH DAKOTA STATE COLLEGE OF APPLIED SCIENCE, Rapid City, South Dakota.
THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York. This museum has one of the world's greatest collections of dinosaurs.
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MUSEUM, Lawrence, Kansas.
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MUSEUM, Lincoln, Nebraska.
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH GEOLOGICAL MUSEUM, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Era | Period | Estimated time since beginning of Era or period in millions of years | |
CENOZOIC (Age of Mammals) |
Quarternary | Glacial conditions, with great ice sheets coming down from the north and then slowly retreating. | 1 |
" | Tertiary | Warm climates, gradually cooling. The shallow seas and probably disappeared from Kansas and surrounding states. Some mountains, such as the Alps, were formed. | 55 |
Cretaceous | Great swamps were present at the first of the period. The Rocky Mountains and the Andes Mountains were then pushed up, and the climates became cooler. | 120 | |
MESOZOIC (Age of Reptiles) |
Jurassic | Much of the continent was near sea-level, with many swamps and shallow seas. The climate was warm and humid. |
155 |
Triassic | Much of the land was dry and arid. Desert conditions were wide-spread. | 190 | |
(Age of ancient life) | So far as we know, there were no dinosaurs on the earth before the Mesozoic. Other reptiles were present. | ||
* This table is arranged the way the layers of rock have been formed on the earth, with the oldest layers being on the bottom. Fossils found in the deeper layers are considered to be older than those found in the layers above them. |
All of geologic time, beginning four or five billion years ago, has been divided into intervals known as eras. The eras are, in turn, subdivided into periods. No two eras have the same number of periods nor are any of the periods of equal duration.
About 500 million years ago the Paleozoic era was ushered in with the beginning of a continuous fossil record. From this time to the present, most of the rocks that were deposited contain some fossils, and some rocks are composed almost entirely of fossil shells. The fossils found in the rocks of the lower part of the Paleozoic are shells of invertebrate animals. Similar animals dominated the Upper Paleozoic, but there is evidence that fishes, amphibians, and reptiles were all in existence by the end of this era.
At the close of the Paleozoic, the Mesozoic Era began, with the rapid domination of the earth by the reptiles. Invertebrates still existed as well as fishes and amphibians, but throughout the Mesozoic the reptiles flourished. The abrupt extinction of many forms of reptiles and the rapid takeover by mammals ended the Mesozoic. We are now living in the Cenozoic Era, which has been dominated by the mammals since its beginning.
The above represents the artist's conception of how a large aquatic dinosaur of the sauropod family might have looked in an early or middle Mesozoic landscape.
Allosaurus | AL-LO-SAWR'-US | Omosaurus | OM-O-SAWR'-US |
Anatosaurus | A-NAT-O-SAWR'-US | Ornithelestes | ORN-I-THO-LES'-TEEZ |
Anklyosaurus | ANK-E-LO-SAWR' -US | Oviraptor | O-VI-RAP'-TOR |
Apatosaurus | AP-A-TO-SAWR'-US | Pachycephalosaurus | PAK-E-SEF-A-LO-SAWR'-US |
Brachiosaurus | BRAK-E-O-SAWR'-US | ||
Brachyceratops | BRAK-E-SER'-A-TOPS | Palaeoscincus | PAL-E-O-SKINK'-US |
Brontosaurus | BRONT-O-SAWR'-US | Parasaurolophus | PAR-A-SAWR-O'-LO-FUS |
Camarasaurus | KAM-AR-A-SAWR'-US | Pentaceratops | PEN-TA-SER '-A-TOPS |
Camptosaurus | KAMP-TO-SAWR'-US | Plateosaurus | PLAT-E-O-SAWR'-US |
Centrosaurus | SEN-THO-SAWR'-US | Polacanthus | PO-LA-CAN'-THUS |
Ceratosaurus | SEH-AT'-O-SAWR'-US | Protoeeratops | PRO-TO-SER'-A-TOPS |
Cetiosaurus | SEE-T-O-SAWR'-US | Psittacosaurus | SIT'-A-KO-SAWR'-US |
Compsognathus | COMP-SOG-NATH'-US | Saurolophus | SAWR-O'-LO-FUS |
Corythosaurus | KOR-ITH-O-SAWR'-US | Scelidosaurus | SKEL'-I-DO-SAWR'-US |
Dinosaur | DIN'-O-SAWR | Scolosaurus | SKO-LO-SAWR'-US |
Diplodocus | DIP-LO'-DOC-US or DI-PLOD'-O-CUS |
Spinosaurus | SPINE-O-SAWR'-US |
Stegosaurus | STEG-O-SAWR'-US | ||
Edmontosaurus | ED-MONT-O-SAWR'-US | Stephanosaurus | STEF-AN-O-SAWR'-US |
Gorgosaurus | GOR-GO-SAWR'-US | Struthiomimus | STRUTH-E-O-MIM'-US |
Hadrosaurus | HAD-RO-SAWR'-US | Styracosaurus | STI-RAK'-O-SAWR-US |
Iguanodon | I-GWAN'-O-DON | Syrmosaurus | SER-MO-SAWR'-US |
Kentrosaurus | KEN-TRO-SAWR'-US | Trachodon | TRAK'-O-DON |
Kritosaurus | KRIT-O-SAWR'-US | Triceratops | TRI-SER'-A-TOPS |
Lambeosauru | LAMB-E-O-SAWR'-US | Troodon | TRO'-O-DON |
Megalosaurus | MEG-A-LO-SAWR'-US | Toroceratops | TO-RO-SER'-A-TOPS |
Monoclonius | MON-O-KLON'-E-US | Tyrannosaurus | TI'-RAN'-O-SAWR'-US |
Nodosaurus | NO-DO-SAWR'-US | (Wally Boles | WA'-LE BOLZ) |
ALLO- | other | alios | Greek | ALLOsaurus |
ANATO- | duck | anatis | Latin | ANATOsaurus |
ANKYLO- | curved | ankylos | Greek | ANKYLOsaurus |
APATO- | error | apate | Greek | APATOsaurus |
BRACHIO- | arm | brachion | Greek | BRACHIOsaurus |
BRACHY- | short | brachys | Greek | BHACHYceratops |
BRONTO- | thunder | brontos | Greek | BRONTOsaurus |
CAMARA- | chamber | kamara | Greek | CAMARAsaurus |
CAMPTO- | bent | kamptos | Greek | CAMPTOsaurus |
CENTRO- | point | kentron | Greek | CENTROsaurus |
CEPHALO- | head | kephalon | Greek | PachyCEPHALOsaurus |
CERATO- | horn | keratos | Greek | ProtoCERATops |
CETIO- | whale | ketos | Greek | CETIOsaurus |
CHASMO- | opening | chasma | Greek | CHASMOsaurus |
CORYTHO- | helmet | korythos | Greek | CORYTHOsaurus |
terrible |
dienos | Greek | DINOsaur |
DIPLO- | double | diploos | Greek | DIPLOdocus |
-DOCUS | beam | dokos | Greek | DiploDOCUS |
EDMONTO- | named for home in Edmonton | EDMONTOsaurus | ||
GORGO- | terrible | gorgos | Greek | GORGOsaurus |
bulky |
(h)adros | Greek | HADROsaurus |
IGUANO- | lizard | igonna | Haitian | IGUANodon |
KENTRO- | point | kentron | Greek | KENTROsaurus |
KRITO- | chosen excellent | kritos | Greek | KRITOsaurus |
LAMBEDO- | named in honor of Lawrence Lamb | LAMBEOsaurus | ||
-LESTES | robber | lestes | Greek | OrnithoLESTES |
MEGALO- | large | megas | Greek | MEGALOsaurus |
-MIMUS | imitator | mimos | Greek | StruthioMIMUS |
MONOCLONIUS | with a single stem | monoklonos | Greek | MONOCLONIUS |
NODO- | toothless | nodos | Greek | NODOsaurus |
-ODON | tooth | odous odon | Greek | TrachODON |
OMO- | eye | ommatos | Greek | OMOsaurus |
-OPS | face | ops | Greek | TriceratOPS |
bird | ornis ornithos | Greek | ORNITHOlestes |
OVI- | egg | ovo | Greek | OVIraptor |
PACHY- | thick | pachys | Greek | PACHYcephalosaurus |
ancient | palaios | Greek | PALEOscincus |
first | protos | Greek | PROTOceratops |
PSITTACO- | parrot | psittakos | Greek | PSITTACOsaurus |
snatcher | raptor | Greek | OviRAPTOR |
lizard | sauros | Greek | BrontoSAURUS |
ribs | skelidos | Greek | SCELIDOsaurus |
lizard | skinkos | Greek | PaleoSCINCUS |
thorn | skolos | Greek | SCOLOsaurus |
spine | spinula | Latin | SPINOsaurus |
cover | stegein | Greek | STEGOsaurus |
ostrich | strouthion | Greek | STRUTHIOmimus |
spike | styrax | Greek | STYRACOsaurus |
drag | syrma | Greek | SYRMOsaurus |
box | thekion | Greek | THECOdont |
swelling | torus | Greek | TOROsaurus |
rough | trachys | Greek | TRACHodon |
wound | troo | Greek | TROOdon |
tyrant | tyrannos | Greek | TYRANNOsaurus |
"Statement required by the Act of October. 1%2; Section 4369, Title 39, United States Code, showing Ownership, Management and Circulation." The Kansas School Naturalist is published in October, December, February, and April. Editorial Office and Publication Office at 1200 Commercial Street, Emporia, Kansas. (66802). The Naturalist is edited and published by the Kansas State Teachers College, Emporia, Kansas. Editor, John Breukelman, Department of Biology.
The Department of Biology presents the ninth AUDUBON SCREEN TOUR SERIES in 1965-1966. This series consists of five all-color motion pictures of wildlife, plant science, and conservation personally narrated by leading naturalists. All pictures are presented in Albert Taylor Hall at 7:30 p.m. on the dates listed below. Both group and singleadmission tickets are available; for further information write Dr. Carl W. Prophet, Department of Biology, KSTC, Emporia.
John Bulger, New England Saga, October 15, 1965.
Patricia Bailey Witherspoon, Stepping Stones to Australia, November 11, 1965.
Frank W. McLaughlin, A Wonderland Endangered, February 24, 1966.
H. Charles Laun, The Alpine Tundra, March 30, 1966.
Robert C. Hermes, Between the Tides, April 22, 1966.
The Kansas School Naturalist | Department of Biology |
College of Liberal Arts & Sciences | |
Send questions / comments to Kansas School Naturalist. |
Emporia State University |


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is a romanticized adaptation of an eyewitness magazine story by New York Times correspondent Sidney Schanberg. Covering the U.S. pullout from Vietnam in 1975, Schanberg (Sam Waterston) relies on his Cambodian friend and translator Dith Pran (Haing S. Ngor) for inside information. Schanberg has an opportunity to rescue Dith Pran when the U.S. army evacuates all Cambodian citizens; instead, the reporter coerces his friend to remain behind to...more
All The Killing Fields cast + crew photos


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Eriez promotes director - corporate communications
Eriez®, Erie, Pa., a provider of magnetic lift and separation, metal detection, X-ray, materials feeding, screening, conveying, and controlling equipment, has promoted John Blicha to director of corporate communications. Blicha directs Eriez' advertising, literature, trade show, and inquiry management efforts and manages all corporate public relations and promotional activities, including the company's website and Global Link employee newsletter. He also coordinates global marketing communications and social media programs.
Blicha joined the company in 2012 as marketing communications manager, bringing 16 years of experience as a marketing executive within the software, aerospace, and manufacturing industries. He worked previously as director of marketing for Molded Fiber Glass Tray.
Blicha has bachelor's degrees in marketing and management from Indiana University of Pennsylvania and an MBA from California University of Pennsylvania.


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CystoisosporiasisSynonym(s): Isosporiasis |
An intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Cystoisospora belli (formerly called Isospora belli). Isosporiasis can be spread by ingesting food or water contaminated with the parasite. Symptoms of isosporiasis include watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia, and low-grade fever. In people with HIV, chronic isosporiasis (lasting over 1 month) is an AIDS-defining condition. |
See Related Term(s): AIDS-Defining Condition, Opportunistic Infection |


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The National Award winning lyricist, writer and advertising copywriting guru turns 42 today
Born on September 16, 1971, Prasoon Joshi has more than one reason to celebrate his birthday in a big way this year. He had written the script of Bhaag Milkha Bhaag which was a great success. It won appreciation from the critics as well as viewers.
He made his debut as film lyricist with Rajkumar Santoshi's Lajja, followed by a string of successful Bollywood films like Hum Tum, Fanaa, Rang De Basanti, Taare Zameen Par, Black, Delhi 6, London Dreams, Break ke Baad, Teri Meri Kahaani and Satyagraha among others.
Prasoon has been felicitated with the National Award twice, in 2007 for Taare Zameen Par and in 2013 for Chittagong. He also won the Filmfare Best Lyricist award for Chand sifarish from Fanaa and Maa from Taare Zameen Par.
Many have approached Prasoon to pen down a script for them but he is in no hurry and says," I only listen to my heart and love working with people like Prakash Jha ". His recent poem for the Uttarakhand tragedy " Mera desh ro raha hai" narrated by Amitabh Bachchan reflects this heartfelt quality of his work.
We wish Prasoon a very happy birthday and luck for his upcoming endeavors.


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County Council will discuss what to do with two offices that will open up in the county's emergency medical services complex at its meeting Monday.
The Coroner's Office will vacate two rooms there and both EMS and HOPE in Lancaster have asked for those spaces. County Administrator Steve Willis said both agencies have been asked to submit a one-page memo with reasons why they should get the space, and council will consider their reasons on Monday.
Council will also hold four public hearings on Monday.
"Oliver!" is coming back to the Community Playhouse of Lancaster County stage.
The playhouse will perform "Oliver!" a musical based on the classic Charles Dickens novel, "Oliver Twist," on Friday and Saturday, and April 30 and May 1 at 7:30 p.m, at the Lancaster High School Auditorium.
A matinee will be performed at 3 p.m. April 25.
Several nonprofit organizations are coming together for a Southern Starry Night of food, fashion and fun.
Proceeds from the show, Southern Starry Nights, will benefit the Lancaster Children's Home and Indian Land Rotary Club.
Attracting new businesses to the county was a central theme at the Lancaster County Economic Development Corp.'s annual meeting Monday.
LCEDC President Keith Tunnell highlighted development projects that he hopes will stimulate the local economy. More than 100 people attended the meeting, held at the Bradley Arts and Sciences Building at the University of South Carolina at Lancaster.
Looking at the southern end of the county, Tunnell congratulated Romarco Minerals for reopening the Haile Gold Mine in Kershaw.
MADISON, Wis. – Dr. Deborah B. Cureton is a winner of the 2010 Outstanding Women of Color in Education Award, an annual honor given to students, faculty and staff to recognize their contributions to diversity and the status of women within the University of Wisconsin system.
Cureton, interim CEO and dean at UW-Richland, earned her master's and bachelor's degrees at the University of South Carolina. The Lancaster native was the former associate dean at the University of South Carolina at Lancaster.
A Lancaster man told police that he was shot as he walked on Elm Street on Thursday.
According to a Lancaster Police Department incident report, an officer in the parking lot of a store on York Street heard about five gunshots coming from the area of Cedar and Elm streets about 9:30 p.m.
The officer drove around the area and heard a man yelling that he had been shot. The officer found the man on the front porch of an Elm Street home.
The Lancaster Soil and Water Conservation District has two commissioner positions open for election in November 2010 on the general election ballot.
Conservation district commissioners run for office on a county-wide, non-partisan basis, which means they do not run as a member of a political party. The positions have no salary and receive no payment or benefits.
Candidates must be registered voters of Lancaster County. Commissioners attend monthly meetings. There are area and statewide meetings for training and education in their duties.
The Lancaster County School District received a below average on its state-issued report card for 2009, the same rating it got in 2008.
But seven district schools improved on their absolute ratings in the report cards from 2008 to 2009, and 14 schools in the district saw an increase in their growth ratings in 2009.
• Absolute ratings are based on overall student performance on standardized tests.
I recently crossed paths with an old friend while going inside "the Walmarts," where Lancaster's movers and shakers meet these days.
And right off the cuff, he called me a city boy.
That was bad enough, but he didn't stop there.
It really made the hair on the back of my neck stand up when he said, "According to your articles in the paper, all you do is go to grammar school and build them cardboard airplanes."
Adam Lyles doesn't like one aspect of a proposed beautification effort for Lancaster's South Main Street.
Lyles, owner of Premier Motors, thinks planting trees along the sidewalk would block the view of vehicles he's trying to sell.
These proposed trees are part of the city's Streetscape project, which has resulted in new curbing, sidewalks, greenery and other improvements on Main Street. The project began on the north end a number of years ago and is making its way southward.


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Salon Business News
Sexy Hair Steps Out for Annual Walk-A-Thon to Fight Cancer
Lots of miles, lots of smiles. Over one hundred Sexy Hair employees from all over the U.S joined together in Santa Monica, CA on August 22nd to raise funds in support of the company's philanthropic partner Look Good Feel Better, a nonprofit organization that helps those stricken with cancer deal with the side effects of treatment. At their annual Walk-A-Thon, for every mile employees completed, Sexy Hair donated $10. By the end of the hour long walk, approximately 402 miles were completed.
"The names on the back of our shirts are friends, family members and colleagues who have either battled or lost their fight to cancer," said Karl Heinz Pitsch, CEO and President of Sexy Hair. "This walk was not only personal; it was about showing respect, expressing our support and demonstrating our commitment to everyone who has had to endure this diagnosis with hope that eventually the new names on the back of the shirts diminish and eventually disappear."
Since its partnership, Sexy Hair has raised over $500,000 for Look Good Feel Better through its annual walk-a-thons, national cut-a-thons, warehouse sales and proceeds from specially marked Breast Cancer Awareness cans. For more information on Sexy Hair philanthropic initiatives visit www.sexyhair.com /our-roots/philanthropy.
*All photos by Dahlhouse Productions


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c/o Conception Seminary College PO Box 502 Conception, MO 64433-0502
The priest's job, passion, life, and goal, is to aid in the salvation of the souls of everyone around him by means of offering Jesus Christ in the Blessed Sacrament. If our purpose in life is to serve God, I see no better way to do that then to help his children get to him. This why the priest is here and this is why the priest is so important in the Church. He brings Christ to the world.
I believe God has called me to the vocation of the priesthood. I want what God wants for me in my life, I want to be able to help others find Christ and eventually help them get to heaven.
Disc golf, Running, Biking, Music, Food
I grew up in Varina Iowa with two younger brothers. I attended mass with my family every weekend and never missed a bedtime or meal time prayer. After my parent's divorce I turned to the Lord for guidance in my life. I was told when I was younger I'd make a fine priest but strongly rejected the idea. I started strongly concerning the priesthood my sophomore year of high school after attending a Project Andrew meeting.
The Heroism of being counter cultural as Christ was. The courage and strength shown by each and every priest who celebrates the mass. The Joy and happiness that priest radiate.
Anyone who listens and answers God's call. The entire communion of saints who have given their lives for their faith. The Catholic Church around the world that strives to share the love of Christ with all.
Phone: 712-233-7523 | firstname.lastname@example.com
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News - Burning Man Wearable Comp… about 7 years ago
I am sending my beautiful friend Crystal to check you guys out!!! She will look adorable in your electronic wear! You will love her too, gorgeous with a million curls. Sue Lindblom
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DC Punks Age Gracefully
Don't sleep
Story time: I'm not a big one for I-was-there stories, mostly because spending most of my life in Baltimore meant I wasn't there for shit. But I was at the Evens' second show. The first, from what I'm told, was at a DC house party. The second was at a storefront art gallery in Baltimore in front of a crowd of maybe fifty people. The room was tiny, but we all had room to sit cross-legged on the floor. Ian MacKaye and Amy Farina sat on a cramped stage with no monitors; I'm not even certain they had mics. Fugazi's annual free outdoor shows at Fort Reno park in DC had been something of a tradition for me, so I was used to seeing this guy standing tall in front of thousands, belting out loud and righteous songs to mass adulation. Seeing MacKaye tempering his rangy bark into an awkward coo was sort of like watching a middle-aged office-worker playing basketball for the first time in a couple of years. It was weird for me to see this guy in front of such a small crowd; I can only imagine how weird it was for him. MacKaye is, of course, one of the most notoriously ethically-minded people working in music, and I'm guessing he'd eventually gotten uncomfortable with the cult-leader status he'd gained as one of Fugazi's frontmen. So the Evens represent a completely self-conscious shrinking-back for someone who's been a public figure since he was young enough to make a point about how he was too young to drink. In that art gallery, he could've spit and hit the guy sitting in the back row, and that seemed to energize him. A couple of years later, he still seems to be enjoying it, so don't look for a Fugazi reunion anytime soon.
I couldn't tell for sure, but someone at last night's Evens show at NYU must've requested a Minor Threat song, since Amy Farina, the non-MacKaye half of the band said that she just didn't know the song and MacKaye went on a good-natured rant about how people still ask him about bands he was in twenty-five years ago and how the most important music in the world was the music being made right now. Early in the evening, I saw a kid wandering around in a Minor Threat shirt, and I'd love to know what he made of the Evens' shivery, gummy indie-pop. The duo sounds something like a folksier Helium: warm and hooky and still. MacKaye and Farina both sing lead, and her glassy, angelic tenor contrasts beautifully with his defanged pitbull growl while her busy, virtuosic drumming wraps itself around the melodic push of his baritone guitar. In truth, I wouldn't mind if MacKaye stopped singing completely; Farina's got a way of cutting through the air without even raising the volume of her voice, and her deadeyed sigh just kills me. The duo's self-titled first album was one of my favorites of last year, largely because Fugazi's anthemic impulses were still hanging around, twisting and mutating to fit the new format; the sounds were quieter, but the choruses were just as huge. Their new Get Evens is smaller and more jittery, its songs nervously twitching instead of driving points home, but it's still a powerful record; you can tell it's the work of punk lifers even if it completely eschews trad-punk signifiers.
Sitting onstage last night, MacKaye was still about eye-level with me, and he made me really nervous when he called out a lazy review he'd read; I was sure he was talking about my Pitchfork review, but he assured me that he had no idea what I was talking about when I talked to him after the show, which might've been even more embarrassing. In this NYU lecture-hall, the pervasive idealism of the surroundings matched that of the performers: student-organization booths, a make-your-own-buttons table, a banner at the back that read "Make NYU Affordable." Unfortunately, it was a massive hassle to get into that idealistic space. When I rolled up to the venue, a bunch of signs said that general-public tickets had sold out and that they'd only be selling to NYU students, so I had to be the creepy older guy hey-mistering kids in the lobby to see if any of them would sneak me in. Apparently, I wasn't the only one with that problem; MacKaye made sure to thank the crowd for "navigating the twisted and bureaucratic nature of getting tickets into this damn thing." The room was only about half-full, but that smallness actually worked to the band's advantage. They have no PA and no soundman, so everyone crowded in close to hear, and the inevitable singalong entreaties actually sort of worked, a rarity in this town. MacKaye and Farina played through home-stereo amps, and they had reading lamps onstage for some reason. So this NYU lecture-hall ended up feeling like someone's living room, and I'm pretty sure that was the idea.
Unfortunately, it still felt like an NYU lecture-hall when opener Dan Higgs was onstage. Higgs is the singer of Lungfish, quite possibly the best live band in the world, and he's got a scarily intense presence that goes beyond his beard and tattoos. But his solo shows are weird enough to feel like concerted efforts to scare people off: extended jewsharp improvisations, wailing psychedelic dirges, free-associative poetry. The last time I saw Higgs perform, he was sitting on the floor of a bombed-out Williamsburg warehouse, and all that stuff took on an apocalyptic mysticism. In that brightly lit lecture-hall, though, he lost a lot of his mystery. His set was as weird as ever. He performed with a hippyish-looking woman who he introduced as Kiara, and he switched between jewsharp, banjo, and some weird little African percussion thing I'd never seen. She played violin and also that little African percussion thing. They both sang nonsensical drawn-out ragas, and most of the crowd didn't see fit to pause their conversations. "I feel like 1967 is calling me right now," said one kid, and it was a little too easy to see what he meant.
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Johanna Mifsud
I am a documentary photographer and travel writer mainly about the Middle East. I have been published on Everywhere Magazine with travel photos and articles http://everywheremag.com/people/Robin_2711
The Guardian newspaper, Travel Section
Raising Goats for Milk and Meat (ngo publication)
The Times of Malta
USAID publications
Various websites, blogs and ngo publications.
Comments and constructive criticism on my work is very welcome. Fav's and votes are very appreciated.
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Q: Choosing a Pentax prime lens
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