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January 20, 2013, 12:21 PM | #1 |
Junior Member
Join Date: March 5, 2012
Posts: 10
GP100 Cylinder Issue?
Yesterday, I purchased a used GP100 (blued 4" model) with a few speedloaders for $440. It is a very old revolver; the guy told me he bought it in 1991. It looks fantastic, especially for its age. The cylinder locks up nice and tight as well. However, when I got it home I noticed that when the cylinder is open, it doesn't always free-spin clockwise. It has no issues turning the other way, but sometimes (not always) it will "hang up" when turning the other way. I don't know how big of an issue this really is, but I'm curious to see if any of you have experience with this. Thanks.
January 20, 2013, 12:29 PM | #2 |
Senior Member
Join Date: May 3, 2009
Location: Central Texas
Posts: 3,540
Clean it well. Then give it a light touch of oil. Let the oil sit for a few minutes to penetrate. Then wipe it off. Then try it. It could be that it just needs a bit of oil.
Also try taking it out, and shooting it. See how it feels while shooting it.
No matter how many times you do it and nothing happens it only takes something going wrong one time to kill you. |
January 20, 2013, 01:12 PM | #3 |
Join Date: March 17, 1999
Posts: 23,708
I don't know whether to feel bad, or just amused, that a gun made in 1991 is described as "a very old revolver".
Jim K |
January 20, 2013, 01:19 PM | #4 |
Senior Member
Join Date: September 28, 2008
Posts: 9,861
I was thinking the same thing.
But I'd trade him years, though.
Walt Kelly, alias Pogo, sez: "Don't take life so serious, son, it ain't nohow permanent." |
January 20, 2013, 01:45 PM | #5 |
Senior Member
Join Date: May 31, 2004
Location: Minnesota
Posts: 1,969
Point it down and try it.
January 20, 2013, 03:31 PM | #6 |
Junior Member
Join Date: March 5, 2012
Posts: 10
"Very old" by my standards, since I was born in '89 and I've bought only new or lightly used guns up until now. As far as the cylinder goes, I've oiled it twice. It really seems like it's getting hung up on something physically.
January 20, 2013, 05:20 PM | #7 |
Senior Member
Join Date: August 1, 2007
Location: Tabor City , NC.
Posts: 1,970
Get a can of brakleen & blast it out with it , then with compressed air all while pushing the ejector rod to work out the crude & deposits of carbon .
I use Rem oil in this area as it does`nt seem to attract deposits as bad . & as mentioned pointing it up or down will have a bearing (pun intended) on how free it spins.
GP100man |
January 21, 2013, 02:00 AM | #8 |
Junior Member
Join Date: March 5, 2012
Posts: 10
Decided to do a full disassembly of the gun, and I've got the crane separated from the cylinder. Regardless of cleaning/oiling of all internal parts, it still seems like it doesnt want to spin clockwise most of the time. It still randomly decides to work flawlessly sometimes, then after a few spins, its back to square one. It's very strange. I'm looking at the most basic two pieces involved, and I really can't see what could be the cause. I think I may just take it to a gunsmith to be sure.
January 22, 2013, 10:20 AM | #9 |
Senior Member
Join Date: August 28, 2006
Posts: 383
Please come back and let us know what it was and how it is.
January 22, 2013, 11:18 AM | #10 |
Senior Member
Join Date: May 27, 2009
Posts: 3,968
JUst send it to Ruger.
Sic Semper Tyrannis |
January 22, 2013, 01:54 PM | #11 |
Senior Member
Join Date: March 3, 2006
Location: NE Ohio
Posts: 942
^^ What he said. I don't think the cylinders on the GP100 are made to disassembled any further then you have already. At least not without the right tools.
Last edited by Whirlwind06; January 22, 2013 at 10:18 PM. |
January 22, 2013, 08:53 PM | #12 |
Senior Member
Join Date: August 1, 2007
Location: Tabor City , NC.
Posts: 1,970
I have seperated a cyl from the crane on a Redhawk & twice on a GP .
Fairly simple proceedure but it takes 4 hands to put em back together. That`s when I went to the flush & blow to clean it . If I had the time I`d love to build a jig to do it , on second thought no I would`nt !
GP100man |
January 22, 2013, 09:51 PM | #13 |
Senior Member
Join Date: March 11, 2011
Posts: 321
Likewise on the Redhawk cylinder. Took mine apart once. Won't do it again voluntarily.
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The students in Landmark Middle School teacher Teri Hilkerâs sixth-grade math class are hard at work on a math equation.
Theyâre seated in groups of four to a table, quietly calculating what 75 percent of 48 equals. Hilker points approvingly as one girl who figured out the answer helps another student.
Itâs an approach she describes as âI do, we do, you do.â
Hilker demonstrates how to solve the problem, students work together and that helps them learn to do it by themselves.
âThey work collaboratively because in the real world thatâs how theyâre going to work,â Hilker said.
Landmark Principal Vicky Dudek said the lesson is an example of the schoolâs teaching philosophy that earned recognition last month as one of 11 California middle schools on the Schools to Watch --Taking Center Stage list for 2013-14.
The schools, chosen by the California Department of Education and the California League of Middle Schools, are considered model institutions that others can look to for ways to improve academic performance.
In the Inland area, Colton Middle School was recognized while Moreno Valleyâs Vista Verde Middle School in the Val Verde Unified School District continued as a school to watch for a second year.
State education officials noted that Landmarkâs enrollment is 90 percent minority, with 79.1 percent qualify for free or reduced lunches. Sixteen percent of its students are classified as English learners.
Over the past five years, the school has seen a 9 percent jump in students scoring at the advanced or proficient levels on the California Standardized Tests.
Irvin Howard, president of the National Forum to Accelerate Middle School Grades Reform, which sponsors the program, said schools are chosen on a broader criteria than test scores.
âWhat weâre looking at is the type of instruction, the quality of instruction, the amount of rigor in the curriculum, are studentsâ physical, social, emotional and intellectual needs being met,â he said.
Landmarkâs program for students learning English as a second language is among those lauded by Howard. The Moreno Valley Unified School District won a $3.5 million federal grant that helps pay for training and resources for English learner classes.
The classes emphasize the use of academic English in conversation, including requiring students to speak in complete sentences. They also do written assignments.
âItâs just amazing to see the vocabulary develop and the (increased) confidence most of all,â said Estella Muñoz Gomez, who teaches a sixth-grade English learner class.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Coastal Currents
"A Cow Crossing The Sahara"
Dr. John Chapman is a rare bird: he's a scientist BUT he's a good communicator. He was also magnificently wrong about boat-bound critters surviving the quake-induced voyage from Japan to North America. These stray craft and their accidental passengers, pulled out to sea by the tsunami, are landing on North American shores at the rate of almost one a day. But now what? Chapman explains.
Listen to this episode
"A Cow Crossing The Sahara" (21.3 MB)
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Love her or hate her, Palin is a rock star in the political arena and isn't going away any time soon. Read More »
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Interview: Randy Sue Coburn, Author of A Better View of Paradise
Exclusive interview with Randy Sue Coburn, author of A Better View of Paradise. Read More »
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Exclusive interview with New York Times Bestselling Author Nancy Thayer about new release Summer House. Read More »
Interview with Richard Aaron, Author of Gauntlet
"...I want my reader to know how the great Garagum Desert feels, what it's like to fly an Apache LongBow, or an F-18." Read More »


text: If Michael Bay Designed YoshiChris Person5/01/14 7:00pmFiled to: YoshiOh god whyTeenage Mutant Ninja TurtlesNintendo15025EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkWe haven't been too impressed with how the Ninja Turtles look in the upcoming Michael Bay-produced movie. We aren't the only ones, either — illustrator Shmorky tried to imagine what Yoshi would look like if Michael Bay redesigned him. Advertisementvia ShmorkyTo contact the author of this post, write to firstname.lastname@example.com or find him on Twitter at @papapishu.Reply150 repliesLeave a reply


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President Obama is well known to weigh in on legal matters throughout the nation from the Trayvon Martin case to the Supreme Court considering gay marriage laws to the Court's deliberations over ObamaCare. Everyone knows that, right? Well, apparently Obama's press secretary, Jay Carney thinks that we do not know. Politico reports:
White House press secretary Jay Carney declined to comment Monday on the murder trial of Kermit Gosnell, a doctor who performed abortions in Philadelphia.
"The president does not and cannot take a position on an ongoing trial, so I won't as well," Carney told reporters, responding to a question from Fox News Channel's Ed Henry.
President Obama is "aware" of the case and, without weighing in on it, Carney added: "Certainly, the things that you hear and read about this case are unsettling."
When pressed by Henry, Carney again declined to comment. "The president's position on choice is very clear. His position on the basic principle that, as President Clinton said, abortions ought to be 'safe, legal and rare' is very clear," the press secretary said.
Ok. Let's unpack this "non-statement."
1. The President has taken positions on ongoing investigations before and in court cases. When did this new standard arise?
2. The question should have involved President Obama's opposition to the Born Alive Infant Protection Act of 2003 as I wrote about this morning. The question should have been something like, "Does something like what happened in the Gosnell case affect President Obama's view on the Born Alive Infant Protection Act that he voted against four times while a State Senator in Illinois?"
3. I am glad that President Obama thinks that over 100 babies who had their spinal columns cut and their feet put in jars is "unsettling." I wonder how he would define "horrific"?
4. "The president's position on choice is very clear." What does "Choice" have to do with Dr. Kermit Gosnell murdering babies? Once a baby is born, it is no longer an abortion but infanticide, which is illegal everywhere. Why bring up Choice? Shouldn't BOTH pro-choice and pro-life advocates be completely against and horrified by what happened? Is Jay Carney conflating "Choice" with what Gosnell did?
5. "His position on the basic principle that, as President Clinton said, abortions ought to be 'safe, legal and rare' is very clear." Um, no it isn't, Jay. Remember the Democratic Convention last year? That position was changed and the word "rare" was noticably removed. Interesting that he would appeal back to the previous platform's language. From the Democratic Platform of 2012:
"The Democratic Party strongly and unequivocally supports Roe v. Wade and a woman's right to make decisions regarding her pregnancy, including a safe and legal abortion, regardless of ability to pay. We oppose any and all efforts to weaken or undermine that right. Abortion is an intensely personal decision between a woman, her family, her doctor, and her clergy; there is no place for politicians or government to get in the way."
What happened in Gosnell's clinic was neither "safe" nor "legal." Why not speak to that? President Obama could have brought the nation together by condemning the outrageous, illegal, murderous acts of Dr. Kermit Gosnell. Who would not condemn something like this? Who would not say, "If the accusations are true, this is horrible and disgusting and we need to make sure it never, ever happens again to anyone?" Carney said that it was "unsettling." Also, he could not even speak to it without bringing up the language of "choice" to pacify abortion-on-demand advocates. A statement like this from a man who opposed 4 times enhancing protections for babies-born-alive from failed abortions in the face of the Gosnell crimes should cause our entire nation to recoil in horror.
Of course, President Obama and Vice President Biden and many others have had no problem speaking about gun violence recently. Are the lives of the babies killed in the Gosnell Clinic worth less than others killed in gun violence? If so, how is that determined?
I feel like I am living in an alternate universe or something.


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The Horse Forum
- General Off Topic Discussion
- - The LIKE system-a giver or a receiver?
The LIKE system-a giver or a receiver? So now that it has been in effect for a bit are you a LIKE giver or a LIKE receiver? Do you have a standard to why you give them? Do you only tend to give them to your friends (no matter how good or bad the post may be) and what about to those you don't particularly like? Are there any reasons you would never give a like to or any you would almost always give some out? Just curious as many pros and cons were stated when this system was suggested |
I'll give a like if I have nothing to add and I agree with what the poster said. Also if the comment is on page 3 of an 8 page thread and the discussion has moved on I will just like it rather than quote it and change the direction of the thread. |
I give to anyone (independent of age, gender, level of experience, and whether the person is my friend or not) when I like the post and/or think the person said it better than I'd say. |
That's why I just liked Vals post:wink: because she has posted just about what I would of done. I have given likes to people who I don't actually like, because I have agreed what they have said at times |
^^ What GH said. In fact I gave her a Like for putting it the way I would have. Like is for the content of the post not the posting member. |
does that mean you don't like me:cry::cry: |
I don't give them out simply because they are within my circle of internet friends. |
I never 'like' posts, simply because I haven't figured out how to keep it from posting directly to my Facebook page. I hate spamming people with stuff like that, but if I could turn that off... I would like every post I agreed with. |
I don't pay close attention to the person who I give the like to, nor do I base my decision to like a post just because the user isn't one of my favorite people in the world. However, I can't stand hypocrites and will never give a like to someone's post if their point is contradictive of their own behavior. |
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text:
Nick Piecoro reports that the Diamondbacks and Gerardo Parra have avoided arbitration by agreeing to a one-year, $4.85 million contract.
Diamondbacks return Rule 5 pick Tyler Jones to Yankees
Diamondbacks' right-hander Tyler Jones is headed back to the Yankees, the teams announced on Friday. The Diamondbacks had previously selected Jones in the Rule 5 draft last December, but elected to leave the 27-year-old off of their 40-man roster heading into the 2017 season. Rule 5 draft rules stipulate that when a player is not kept on the receiving team's roster, the player must be offered back to his original team.
Jones signed a minor league contract with the Yankees prior to the 2016 season. He pitched to an impressive 2.17 ERA, 2.2 BB/9 and 13.2 SO/9 over 45 2/3 innings with Double-A Trenton, but was unable to make the leap to Triple-A or beyond during his stay with the organization.
Jones' outlook with the Diamondbacks appeared slightly more promising. GM Mike Hazen described the righty as a power arm with a "good fastball and power curveball" after selecting him in the Rule 5 draft, and early reports indicated that Jones would be in the mix for a bullpen spot. A rough spring performance — underscored by his lack of experience at the Triple-A and major league levels — undid most of that confidence, however, and the Diamondbacks weren't willing to keep him on the active roster throughout the entire 2017 season in order to acquire his control rights.
Jones is set to open the season with Triple-A Scranton/Wilkes-Barre, per a report from the Yankees.
Derek Norris signing with the Rays
Yahoo Sports' Tim Brown reports that Derek Norris is signing with the Tampa Bay Rays.
Norris was released by the Nationals nine days ago, made redundant by the Nats' signing of Matt Wieters and by everyone sliding down a notch on the depth chart below him. Norris hit only .186/.255/.328 with 14 home runs and a .528 OPS for the Padres in 2016.
Still, there always seems to be a place for a backup catcher. For Norris that place is Tampa Bay.


text:
Join Together: 16-1 to win the Grand National in April
PICTURE: Mark Cranham (racingpost.com/photos)Join Together to test National credentials
JOIN TOGETHER, Paul Nicholls' leading hope of landing back-to-back John Smith's Grand Nationals, will prep for the Aintree marathon against 11 rivals in the William Hill Grimthorpe Chase at Doncaster on Saturday.
Nicholls, who captured last year's National with Neptune Collonges, also has What A Friend and Harry The Viking engaged for this year, but Join Together, according to the ante-post betting, is his best chance.
Last seen finishing a creditable second over the National fences in the Becher Chase, he is 16-1 to win the world's greatest jumps race.
He faces fellow Aintree contenders Calgary Bay and Mr Moonshine at Doncaster.
Ruby Walsh rides Join Together and will also be aboard Aaim To Prosper when he makes his handicap hurdle debut against Carruthers.
More National clues could be on offer at Kelso with 2011 winner Ballabriggs contesting the Premier Chase, a race he took en route to that success two years ago.
His rivals include Bold Sir Brian and Harry Topper, while six - including last week's Dovecote second Brick Red - have been confirmed for the Grade 2 Kelso Hurdle.


text:
About Vauxhall Bridge Road
Nearby transport
- Tube: Victoria, Pimlico
- Train: Victoria
- Bus: 2, 36, 185, 436
A new build development, which was completed in 1996, it contains supported and general needs flats managed by Peabody.
Facilities & developments
Find out about local facilities and services, including estate walkabouts (where relevant).
Facilities & developmentsLocal noticeboard
Check out what's happening near you. Use the noticeboard to catch up on local activities and updates – and post your own notices too.
Local noticeboardContact
Call Peabody Direct with any queries on the numbers below (please note: out of hours, you will be redirected to our 24-hour emergency service):
020 7021 4444
Freephone: 0800 022 4040
Lines open 8am–8pm, Mon-Fri
Send an email: email@example.com
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Hello, my name is Chima Amaluzor and I'm your neighbourhood manager.
Hello, my name is Daniel Scorah and I'm your neighbourhood manager.
Community programmes & events
Here are some community activities and events in the local area:
Employment and training
Our Employment and Training Team helps more than 30 unemployed Londoners into work every month.
Health and wellbeing
Our exciting programme of activities focuses on improving physical activity levels, healthy eating and mental wellbeing.
Do you live here?
If you're a local resident, why not manage your account online? You can:
- Report and track repairs for your home
- Manage your rent and service charges
- Talk to us about any enquiries
- Get updates about your tenancy


text:
Fairfield Inn & Suites Toledo Maumee
- Tennis Court
- Suites
- Drycleaning onsite
- High-speed internet in room
- Heated pool
- Swimming pool
Photos of Fairfield Inn & Suites Toledo Maumee
- Tennis Court
- Indoor pool
- Heated pool
- Swimming pool
- Fitness/Health center
- Non-smoking hotel
- High-speed internet in room
- Non-smoking rooms
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Wireless internet connection in room (free)
- Hot tub
- Wireless internet connection in public areas
- Air-Conditioning
- Wheelchair accessibility
- Free parking
- Family rooms
- Suites
- Drycleaning onsite
- Continental Breakfast
- Business Services
- Laundry
- Meal plan
TripAdvisor Reviews Fairfield Inn & Suites Toledo Maumee
Travel Blogs from Maumee
Michigan ~ Lower Peninsula East
... behind a massive lower class with no means to maintain a city that quickly became twice the built size it needed to be...
i find the ...
Turning for home
... lots of lanes and most are open but...the width of the lanes is still a real challenge in the RV as we only had about 6" of clearance on each side. Kind of like threading a huge needle... We are now in Monroe, MI at a great campground, not far from Lake Erie and we are very impressed so far! The place is called Harbortown RV Resort. The sites are paved and level. It is only partially full. While there is a go cart track, mini golf and batting cage right ...
... a few broken spokes and Marie had problems when shifting gears. It was great being able to relax and not bike for a bit.
We also decided to get rid of a lot of things, we were carrying way too much. I'm not sure how much I was carrying but I wasn't able to lift the back of my bicycle, but now I am able ...
The Road Trip begins - more delays!
... we know. The handbrake set up too had me baffled for a while. It is a foot pedal above the left foot rest. Countryside was mainly rural with plenty of healthy looking corn crops spaced between interstate service centres and the exits to major and minor towns such as Toledo, Cleveland among others. Stopped for a Maccas Quarter Pounder at a roadside service centre mid afternoon. Changed drivers to Steve, and continued on until we came to ...
Day One
... way to our house and they were able to fix. Ride was nice surprisingly cool most of the day about 500 miles. Had a nice dinner at Red Lobster took our showers and now time to relax. Back on road tomorrow about 7:30am. Will post tomorrow night at next ...


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I read something somewhere on the internet that every time you check an email, or you check your mobile, or you check your social networks religiously for signs of life - it takes you about 10 minutes to get back on track with whatever it is that you were doing before. (I don't remember where I read it. It's a big internet.)
I think it's true, though. And Facebook is by far the biggest offender. I check that little blue-painted whore at least every quarter of an hour. For what? For likes? For comments? For game requests to Texas Hold 'Em Poker, Avengers: Assemble!, and Popsong? It's like digital thrush; you met someone once, you got too close too soon, and now it won't go away. No matter how many times you click, 'No, thanks,' 'No, thanks,' 'No, thanks,' 'No, thanks.'
How many fucks do I give about these things? 0. I give 0 fucks about these things.
Hullo, my name is Adam and today I'd like to share with you some words about my week off Facebook. Firstly, use your eyes to look at this situation:
As you can clearly see, Facebook squats in the top left corner, a vulture with a bellyful of your spare time. The little Mexican man below says, 'No'. |
Oooo. Ahhh. Some very good points 'raised above, I'm sure you'll agree. So what do?
Well, last weekend I decided to deactivate my Facebook. I deactivated my profile. I deleted the App off my phone. I went off the grid.
I'm an outlaw. Like this guy. So legit. |
It's not exactly Jesus going to the cross, or Gandhi going on hunger strike (or whatever he did; I haven't seen that film for ages) but it is serious business. First world problems are merciless. Moar about my reasons why later.
So this was on Saturday.
Sunday, local celebrity and all round lovely, Zoe Ball comes to my work and buys a hairbrush for her daughter. A celebrity brought one of my wooden dreams. That's got Facebook written all over it. One of my greatest hits on Facebook was a photo of the guy from Fonejacker and I. It received an unprecedented 20-something likes. Amazing. What would a photo of Zoe Ball have got? 25? 26? 30?! Oh my, imagine that.
(Incidentally, the greatest hit I ever had on Facebook was something to do with X-Factor loser and legendary IRL troll, Wagner coming to Brighton to play a gig. The numbers were astronomical. The internet nearly crashed and it was the happiest day of my life.)
For those of you reading from outside the UK, this is Wagner. He was such a letch, the dancers refused to dance with him. |
Other than wanting to share that very news-worthy status, the Zoe Ball one, I didn't miss it that much at all. Oh, and I saw an old man dressed in a red vinyl catsuit. That was lol. Oh, and this woman keeps coming up to me and saying God loves me.
"God's everywhere," she says. "He's omnipresent."
That's not true, I say. If he fires blanks, how did he make Jesus? I was lol. She, not so much. True story.
But I digress. The first day was distracting - I was all, 'OMG AM I MISSING SITUATIONS?!!!1' but that soon faded away. I had a most productive week without it.
So I'm reactivating my Facebook this Saturday; but I'm going to keep the page blocked most of the time Mon-Fri from now on. 'Why, Adam? Are you a recluse?' I hear you ask. No, not at all, gentle reader. I just don't need it. It's a waste of time, mostly. It's like they've weaponised procrastination and Facebook is the Doomsday Device.
There's bits of it I do like: nutritious lols, cat photos, events, and keeping in contact with people I no longer live near. But the bulk of it doesn't interest me any more. I see a photo of a baby. I see an engagement. I see a marriage. I'm a (nearly) 30 year old boy. I can't relate to these things; I'm not there yet. It's like I'm living on the same planet as these people, but we're not in the same orbit any more.
I'm not saying they're right and I'm wrong; we're just different.
'BABY'S FIRST FOOTSTEPS!!!1' So what? I've been walking for at least 5 years. |
It' supposed to bring us all closer together, the Facebook I mean, but I think it's making us drift apart.
http://www.atlassian.com/time-wasting-at-work-infographic This is the page which made me think about this stuff. (I found out about it through Facebook. Define irony.)
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/laankejkbhbdhmipfmgcngdelahlfoji Chrome extension that will block pages entirely or give you a set time limit on them. It's free, the best price of all.
* I didn't presume to ask Zoe Ball for a photo. She was with her kid and I felt bad asking. But it totally happened.


text:
The Florida Bar
Member in Good Standing | Eligible to practice in Florida |
ID Number: | - | 138894 | ||
Address: | Murphy & Anderson, P.A. 1501 San Marco Blvd | |||
Phone: | 904.5989282 | |||
Fax: | 904.5989283 | |||
E-Mail: | firstname.lastname@example.com | |||
vCard: |
County: | 16 | ||
Circuit: | 4 | ||
Admitted: | 05/05/1998 | ||
Sections: | Real Property Probate and Trust Law Trial Lawyers | ||
10-Year Discipline History | None |
Law School: | University of Florida, Fredric G. Levin College of Law | ||
Firm: | Murphy & Anderson, P.A. | ||
Website: | www.murphyandersonlaw.com | ||
Firm Size: | 6 to 10 | ||
Occupation: | Partner / Shareholder | ||
Practice Areas: | Arbitration Banking Business Civil Litigation Civil Trial Commercial Litigation Finance and Investments Legal Malpractice Product Liability Professional Liability Securities | ||
Federal Courts: | U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit U.S. District Court, Middle District of Florida U.S. District Court, Northern District of Florida U.S. District Court, Southern District of Florida | ||
State Courts: | Florida |
The Find a Lawyer directory is provided as a public service. The Florida Bar maintains limited basic information about attorneys licensed to practice in the state (e.g., name, address, year of birth, gender, law schools attended, admission year). However, through this directory The Florida Bar allows individual attorneys the opportunity to provide for public information certain expanded personal and professional data. It is the attorney's responsibility to routinely review and update those expanded listings. The information contained in those expanded listings is presented by the Bar "as is" with no warranty of any kind, express or implied. The Florida Bar, its Board of Governors, employees, and agents thereof are not responsible for the accuracy of that additional data. Publication of attorneys' contact information within this listing should not be construed as their consent to receive unsolicited communications in any form. Certain unauthorized uses of this data may result in civil or criminal penalties. The Find a Lawyer directory is not a lawyer referral service.
[Revised: 11-10-2016]


text:
Australia Dollar at 80 U.S. Cents Is Fair Value, Daiwa SB Says
Wes GoodmanYoshisada Ishide, who manages the $9.14 billion Daiwa SB Short-Term Australian Dollar Bond Open Fund in Tokyo, comments on Australia's dollar and central bank.
Traders reduced bets on how much the Reserve Bank will cut interest rates after the Australian dollar fell below $1 last week, making the nation's goods cheaper to overseas buyers.
A currency rate of 70 U.S. cents to 80 U.S. cents is "fair value," Ishide said. The RBA will keep cutting rates as central banks around the world try to reduce borrowing costs, he said.
"The RBA has to follow this momentum. The priority is currency policy. A declining Aussie dollar is a top priority. Currency players are negative on the Aussie dollar because they recognize that there will be further rate cuts. I expect Governor Stevens still feels that the Australian dollar is still very high."


text:
Número de publicación | US7364704 B2 |
Tipo de publicación | Concesión |
Número de solicitud | US 11/493,997 |
Fecha de publicación | 29 Abr 2008 |
Fecha de presentación | 27 Jul 2006 |
Fecha de prioridad | 6 Jun 1997 |
Tarifa | Pagadas |
También publicado como | CA2290633A1, EP0988530A1, EP0988530A4, EP0988530B1, US6086825, US6090251, US6451188, US6709559, US7259020, US7364703, US7364705, US7364706, US7364915, US7364916, US7399448, US20020084185, US20020179447, US20020185377, US20060286000, US20060286001, US20060286002, US20070092400, US20070102295, US20070102296, US20070102297, US20070110633, WO1998055852A1 |
Número de publicación | 11493997, 493997, US 7364704 B2, US 7364704B2, US-B2-7364704, US7364704 B2, US7364704B2 |
Inventores | Steven A. Sundberg, J. Wallace Parce, Calvin Y. H. Chow |
Cesionario original | Sundberg Steven A, Parce J Wallace, Chow Calvin Y H |
Exportar cita | BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan |
Citas de patentes (57), Otras citas (25), Clasificaciones (54), Eventos legales (5) | |
Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet | |
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/208,297 filed on Jul. 30, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,259,020 which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/539,671 filed on Mar. 30, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,451,188, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/870,944 filed on Jun. 6, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,090,251. The disclosures of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates generally to microfluidic systems and devices and methods for their use. More particularly, the present invention provides structures and methods which facilitate the introduction of fluids into devices having microfluidic channels.
Considerable work is now underway to develop "microfluidic" systems, particularly for performing chemical, clinical, and environmental analysis of chemical and biological specimens. The term microfluidic refers to a system or device having a network of chambers connected by channels, in which the channels have mesoscale dimensions, e.g., having at least one cross-sectional dimension in the range from about 0.1 μm to about 500 μm. Microfluidic substrates are often fabricated using photolithography, wet chemical etching, and other techniques similar to those employed in the semiconductor industry. The resulting devices can be used to perform a variety of sophisticated chemical and biological analytical techniques.
Microfluidic analytical systems have a number of advantages over conventional chemical or physical laboratory techniques. For example, microfluidic systems are particularly well adapted for analyzing small sample sizes, typically making use of samples on the order of nanoliters and even picoliters. The substrates may be produced at relatively low cost, and the channels can be arranged to perform numerous specific analytical operations, including mixing, dispensing, valving, reactions, detections, electrophoresis, and the like. The analytical capabilities of microfluidic systems are generally enhanced by increasing the number and complexity of network channels, reaction chambers, and the like.
Substantial advances have recently been made in the general areas of flow control and physical interactions between the samples and the supporting analytical structures. Flow control management may make use of a variety of mechanisms, including the patterned application of voltage, current, or electrical power to the substrate (for example, to induce and/or control electrokinetic flow or electrophoretic separations). Alternatively, fluid flows may be induced mechanically through the application of differential pressure, acoustic energy, or the like. Selective heating, cooling, exposure to light or other radiation, or other inputs may be provided at selected locations distributed about the substrate to promote the desired chemical and/or biological interactions. Similarly, measurements of light or other emissions, electrical/electrochemical signals, and pH may be taken from the substrate to provide analytical results. As work has progressed in each of these areas, the channel size has gradually decreased while the channel network has increased in complexity, significantly enhancing the overall capabilities of microfluidic systems.
Unfortunately, work in connection with the present invention has found that the structures and methods used to introduce samples and other fluids into microfluidic substrates can limit the capabilities of known microfluidic systems. Fluid introduction ports provide an interface between the surrounding world and the microfluidic channel network. The total number of samples and other fluids which can be processed on a microfluidic substrate is now limited by the size and/or the number of ports through which these fluids are introduced to the microfluidic system. Known structures and methods for introduction of fluids into microfluidic systems also generally result in the transfer of a much greater volume of fluid than is needed for microfluidic analysis.
Work in connection with the present invention has also identified unexpected failure modes associated with known methods for introducing fluids to microfluidic channels. These failure modes may result in less than desirable overall reliability for microfluidic systems. Finally, a need has been identified for some mechanism to accurately pre-position different fluids within a contiguous microfluidic network, so as to facilitate a variety of microfluidic analyses.
It would therefore be desirable to provide improved structures, systems, and methods which overcome or substantially mitigate at least some of the problems set forth above. In particular, it would be desirable to provide microfluidic systems which facilitated the transfer of small volumes of fluids to an introduction port of a microfluidic substrate, and to increase the number of fluids which can be manipulated within the substrate without increasing the overall size of the substrate itself. It would be particularly desirable to provide microfluidic introduction ports which could accept multiple fluid samples, and which were less prone to failure than known introduction port structures. Finally, it would be advantageous to provide microfluidic channel networks which are adapted to controllably pre-position differing liquids within adjoining channels for analysis of samples using differing fluid media.
The present invention overcomes at least some of the deficiencies of known structures and methods for introducing fluids into microfluidic substrates. In some embodiments, fluid introduction can be facilitated through the use of a port which extends entirely through the substrate structure. Capillary forces can be used to retain the fluid within such a through-hole port, rather than relying on gravity to hold the fluid within a cup-like blind hole. A series of samples or other fluids may be introduced through a single through-hole port by sequentially blowing the fluid out of the port, and replacing the removed fluid with different fluid. Advantageously, an array of such through-hole ports can wick fluids from the surfaces of a corresponding array of pins, thereby avoiding the need for complex pipette systems. In another aspect, the present invention provides microfluidic substrates having channels which vary in cross-sectional dimension so that capillary action spreads a fluid only within a limited portion of the channel network. In yet another aspect, the introduction ports of the present invention may include a multiplicity of very small channels leading from the port to a larger microfluidic fluid channel. These small channels filter out particles or other contaminants which might otherwise block the microfluidic channel.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a microfluidic system comprising a substrate having an upper surface, a lower surface, and a microfluidic channel disposed between these surfaces. A wall of the substrate borders a port for receiving fluid. The port is in fluid communication with the channel, and the port is open at both the upper surface of the substrate, and at the lower surface of the substrate.
Generally, the port has a cross-sectional dimension which is sufficiently small so that capillary forces restrain the fluid within the port. The specific size of the port will depend in part on the properties of the material along its border. The capillary forces between the port and the fluid can also be used to transfer the fluid from the outer surface of a pin, rather than relying on a complex pipette system. The use of a through-hole port also facilitates the removal of the fluid from the port, as the fluid can be blown through the substrate with differential pressure, or simply displaced from the port with an alternate fluid. Optionally, the lower surface of the substrate may have a hydrophobic material to prevent the sample from spreading along the lower surface, while a hydrophilic rod or capillary tube may facilitate decanting of the fluid from the port.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for introducing a fluid into a microfluidic channel of a substrate. The method comprises transporting the fluid from outside the substrate to a port of the substrate through a first surface. The port extends through the substrate, and opens on a second surface of the substrate. The microfluidic channel of the substrate is in fluid communication with the port between the first and second surfaces. The fluid is restrained within the port at least in part by a capillary force between the port and the fluid.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for introducing a plurality of samples into a microfluidic substrate. The method comprises forming a volume of each sample on an associated pin. The pins are arranged in an array, and the array of pins is aligned with an array of ports on the substrate. The aligned pins and ports are brought together so that the volumes transfer from the pins to associated ports of the substrate.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for introducing a plurality of fluids into a microfluidic substrate. The method comprises inserting a first fluid into a port of the substrate. A portion of the first fluid is transferred from the port into a microfluidic channel of the substrate. An unused portion of the first fluid is removed from the port, and a second fluid is inserted into the port.
The present invention also provides a microfluidic system comprising a body having a first channel and a capillary limit region. A second channel is in fluid communication with the first channel through the limit region. The second channel has a cross-sectional dimension adjacent the limit region which is larger than a cross-sectional dimension of the limit region. This difference in cross-sectional dimensions inhibits wicking from the limit region into the second channel.
Generally, a minimum cross-sectional dimension of the limit region is sufficiently smaller than a minimum cross-sectional dimension of the second channel so that differential capillary forces prevent wicking of fluid from the first channel, through the limit region, and into the second channel when there is no fluid in the second channel. Typically, the first channel and limit region end at the intersection with the second channel, while the second channel continues on past the intersection (like the top bar in a "T"). This structure is particularly advantageous to establish predetermined boundaries between two different fluids within a microfluidic channel network, as a fluid which is introduced into the first channel will wick through the channel to the limit region, but will not wick beyond the limit region into the second channel. A second different fluid can then wick through the second channel, beyond the intersection with the first limit region, thereby defining a boundary between the first and second fluids at the channel intersection.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for controllably distributing fluids within microfluidic substrates. The method comprises wicking a first fluid along a first channel and into a capillary limit region. The first fluid is prevented from wicking beyond the limit region and into a second channel by differential capillary force.
The present invention also provides a filtered microfluidic system comprising a substrate having a reservoir and a channel having a fluid microfluidic cross-section. A plurality of filter channels extend in parallel between the reservoir and the channel. Each filter channel has a cross-sectional dimension which is smaller than a fluid channel cross-sectional dimension of the microfluidic channel.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for filtering a fluid sample entering a microfluidic channel network. The method comprises introducing the fluid sample into a port, and passing the fluid sample through a plurality of filter channels which are arranged in parallel. The filter channels block particles having cross-sections which are larger than a maximum filter particle size. The filtered fluid sample is collected and transported through a microfluidic channel having a cross-section which is larger than the maximum filter size.
A typical microfluidic introduction system and method is schematically illustrated in
Work in connection with the present invention has identified failure modes which could prevent fluid 22 from reaching channel 18, thereby interfering with the intended operation of microfluidic substrate 10. In the first failure mode, any particles in the fluid, in the pipette, or in the port may flow with the fluid from the port toward channel 18. Particles which are not large enough to enter microfluidic channel 18 will be deposited at channel entrance 24, thereby blocking flow from the port to the channel. As microfluidic channels get smaller and smaller, there is a corresponding increase in sensitivity to even minute particles of contamination blocking the entrance 24 to port 18.
In another failure mode for typical microfluidic structures, the drops deposited by pipette 20 into port 14 may include bubbles, or air (or other gases) may be trapped within the port below the drop of fluid. Where an air bubble covers entrance 24 to port 18, the fluid will not enter the channel through capillary wicking.
As the advantages of microfluidic structures are generally enhanced by decreasing the size of the system components, it is generally desirable to decrease the size of port 14. For example, this allows the fabrication of microfluidic systems having larger numbers of fluid ports on a substrate of a given size. This would allow each substrate to simultaneously analyze larger numbers of samples, or may alternatively allow more complex chemical or biochemical analyses to be performed. Regardless, as the size of port 14 decreases, the likelihood that a bubble will be trapped under the fluid increases. In fact, port 14 may eventually be made small enough that fluid remains over the upper surface of the substrate without substantially entering port 14.
To overcome these failure modes and disadvantages, microfluidic fluid introduction system 30 includes a microfluidic substrate 32 having an array of throughhole ports 34, as illustrated in
Pins 38 are mounted on a pin support structure 48. As pins 38 are aligned with through-hole ports 34, a large number of individual drops 36 may be transferred simultaneously from the pins to the through-hole ports by moving pin support structure 48 into close proximity with substrate 32. Drops 36 may be formed on pins 38 by dipping the pins in an associated array of fluid receptacles, by distributing the fluid through channels within fluid support structure 48, or the like. As only very small amounts of fluid are needed for the microfluidic analysis, the size of drops 36 can be quite small. By relying on pins to transfer drops on their outer surfaces (rather than individual pipettes with complex hydraulic or pneumatic systems), the cost and complexity of a system for transporting a large number of discrete drops of fluid into associated microfluidic ports can be substantially reduced. The pins may optionally be aligned in an array corresponding to at least a portion of a standard microtiter plate, e.g. 12 rows of 8 pins on 9 mm spacings, to facilitate preparing samples and other fluids with conventional chemical and biological techniques.
As drops 36 enter through-hole ports 34, they are drawn into the ports by both gravity and capillary forces. As through-hole ports 34 extend entirely through substrate 40, no air can be trapped between the drops and the bottom of the port. As the through-hole ports rely on capillary forces to retain the fluid, it should be noted that the orientation of the port can be changed from vertical to horizontal, angled, etc., so that the terms "upper surface" and "lower surface" are relative to an arbitrary orientation of the substrate. Nonetheless, an at least partially vertical orientation may be preferred to facilitate transferring drops 36 on pins 38 to through-hole ports 34.
Generally, capillary forces draw fluids from larger channels to smaller channels. More specifically, capillary forces are largely controlled by the minimum cross-sectional dimension of a channel. For example, capillary forces will wick a fluid from a channel having a width of 100 micrometers and a depth of 20 micrometers into a contiguous channel having a width of 100 micrometers and a depth of 10 micrometers. Hence, simple capillary forces may optionally be relied on to draw fluid from throughhole port 34 into microfluidic channels within substrate 32 (not shown in
As can be understood with reference to
Useful substrate materials include glass, quartz and silicon, as well as polymeric substrates, e.g., plastics. In the ease of polymeric substrates, the substrate materials may be rigid, semi-rigid, or non-rigid, opaque, semi-opaque or transparent, depending upon the use for which they are intended. For example, devices which include an optical or visual detection element, will generally be fabricated, at least in part, from transparent materials to allow, or at least facilitate that detection. Alternatively, transparent windows of, e.g., glass or quartz, may be incorporated into the device for these types of detection elements. Additionally, the polymeric materials may have linear or branched backbones, and may be crosslinked or non-crosslinked. Examples of particularly preferred polymeric materials include, e.g., polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), polyurethane, polyvinylchloride (PVC), polystyrene, polysulfone, polycarbonate, and the like.
The cross-sectional dimensions of through-hole port 34 will typically be selected to provide sufficient capillary force between fluid 50 and the port to at least help restrain the fluid within the port. Preferably, the cross-section will have a minimum diameter which is sufficient to induce a capillary force which will overcome the force of gravity (which pulls fluid 50 through the open bottom of the through-hole port). The specific minimum cross-sectional dimensions of through-hole port 34 which will provide this capillary force will depend on the wettability of the material bordering the port, the fluid to be retained therein, the distance between the channel and the bottom of the substrate if the through-hole port has a vertical orientation, and the like. For example, through-hole ports in many plastic materials will be smaller than similar through-hole port structures in glass substrates, due to the higher wettability of glass.
Through-hole ports 34 will typically be drilled through substrate 32 with a circular cross-section, the cross-section of the through-hole port typically having a diameter of between about 0.1 mm and 5 mm, and ideally having a diameter within the range of from about 0.5 mm to 2 mm. Such holes may be drilled using "air abrasion", an erosion process which is similar to a precisely directed sandblast of the substrate material. Air abrasion services are commercially available from NYS Enterprises of Palo Alto, Calif. Alternatively, ultrasonic drilling or laser photoablation may be used to provide quite small ports through the substrate. In other embodiments, small carbide drill bits may mechanically drill thorough the substrate to provide through-hole ports having small enough cross-sectional dimensions to induce the desired capillary forces. Through-hole ports may also be formed during the substrate molding or embossing processes, particularly when the substrates comprise polymeric materials.
While the structures are here illustrated as having slightly tapering cross-sections, they may alternatively have constant diameters, or may decrease near one or both surfaces. The holes may be drilled through the entire substrate in one operation, or may alternatively be drilled independently through separate upper and lower portions of the substrate prior to bonding these portions together. The cross-section of the through-hole ports need not be the same through the upper and lower portions, and should be tolerant of some mismatch between the location and size of the openings formed in the upper and lower portions of the substrate. A wide variety of alternative port cross-sectional shapes may also be used, with the diameter ranges given above generally defining the minimum cross-sectional dimension. For example rectangular (or any other arbitrary shape) ports may be formed in at least one portion of the substrate structure while the channels are formed by etching a fenestration through the substrate portion.
Regardless of the specific cross-section, the through-hole ports will preferably have a total volume between the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate of less than about 20 μl, ideally having a volume of between about 0.5 μl and 10 μl. As the through-hole ports of the present invention generally facilitate the use of smaller sample volumes, they are particularly advantageous for use in drug discovery applications, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,046,056, issued on Apr. 4, 2000, the full disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Referring now to
While differential pressure is a particularly advantageous mechanism for simultaneously removing fluids from multiple through-hole ports in a substrate, the present invention also encompasses other mechanisms for simultaneously or individually removing the samples, including electrokinetically distending the sample from lower surface 42 (as can be understood with reference to
Referring now to
Filter channel 70 has at least one smaller cross-sectional dimension than channel 18, the filter channel often being smaller in cross-sectional area than channel 18. Preferably, the filter channels 70 are individually sufficiently small to block entry of particulates which might impede flow through channel 18. However, there are a sufficient number of functionally parallel filter channels so that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the filter channels together is at least as large as channel 18, ideally being substantially larger than channel 18 to minimize head loss through the filter structure. In fact, as filter channels 70 may individually be blocked by particulates, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the filter channels will determine the filter capacity. In other words, the more total cross-sectional area of filter channels, the more particulate matter the filter can remove from the flow before the filter becomes blocked. Hence, the total cross-sectional area of all the filter channels together will preferably be in the range from about 2 to about 100 times larger than the cross-section of channel 18. Header channel 72 will typically be about the same size as channel 18.
Channel 18 will typically have a minimum cross-sectional dimension of between about 0.5 and 100 μm. Filter channels 70 will generally be smaller than fluid channel 18, ideally having a minimum cross-sectional dimension of between about 10 and 50% of the minimum cross-sectional dimension of channel 18. There will generally be between about 10 and 100 functionally parallel filter channels. Typical channel dimensions are about 10 micrometers deep and 70 micrometers wide for channel 18 and header channel 72, while the corresponding filter channels will typically be about 2 micrometers deep and 10 micrometers wide.
A wide variety of reservoir, filter channel, and header channel geometries might be used to prevent blockage of fluids as they enter fluid channel 18. For example, filter channels 70 may extend geometrically parallel to each other from one side of reservoir 68 to a straight header channel normal to fluid channel 18. However, the radial filter geometry illustrated in
Referring now to
To limit the capillary wicking of a first solution 86 to electrophoretic channels 78, the first solution is introduced into one of the adjoining reservoirs 82, 84. First solution 78, which will be an electrophoretic polymer containing solution in our example, will wick along a cross-channel 88 and into each of electrophoretic channels 78. Furthermore, the first solution will wick along each of the electrophoretic channels toward electroosmotic channel 76. The air displaced from within the electrophoretic channels can escape through electroosmotic channel, and out through the adjoining ports.
To prevent the first fluid from filling the electroosmotic channel 76, a limit region 90 is disposed adjacent the junction of the two types of channels. Limit region 90 will have at least one cross-sectional dimension which is smaller than a cross-sectional dimension of the adjacent electroosmotic channel 76, the limit region ideally having a narrowest cross-sectional dimension which is smaller than the narrowest cross-sectional dimension of the electroosmotic channel. As a result, the first fluid will wick in to the limit region from electrophoretic channel 78, but differential capillary forces will prevent first fluid 86 from passing through limit region 90 and wicking into electroosmotic channel 76. The ratio of the minimum cross-sectional dimensions may again vary with the properties of the materials bordering the limit region and channels, with the limit region generally having a minimum dimension of less than 90% that of the channel. Typical electroosmotic and electrophoretic channel dimensions will be about 70 μm wide by 10 μm deep, while the corresponding limit regions may be about 70 μm wide by about 2 μm deep.
A second fluid 92 introduced at reservoir 80 will wick through electroosmotic channel 76 past limit regions 90, thereby defining an interfluid boundary 94 substantially disposed at the interface between limit region 90 and electroosmotic channel 76. It should be noted that electroosmotic channel extends across limit regions 90 (rather than having a dead end at the limit region) to avoid trapping air between first fluid 86 and second fluid 92. As a result, the air within electroosmotic channel 76 is free to leave the opening provided at filtered reservoir 64, so that all of the channels of channel network 74 are substantially filled with fluid. Although this example has been described in terms of "electrophoretic" and "electroosmotic" channels, it will be appreciated that the present invention can be used in any application where it may be desirable to place different fluids within intersecting channel structures.
It should also be noted that second fluid 92, will wick into header channel 72 so long as the header channel is not significantly larger in its narrowest cross-sectional dimension than electroosmotic channel 76. Additionally, the buffer solution will proceed into the small filter channels 70 from header channel 72. However, the buffer solution will generally not advance beyond filter channels 70 into reservoir 66, as the filter channels effectively provide limit regions between the reservoir and the header channel. To prevent this "limit region" effect of the filter channels from inhibiting flow from the reservoir into the adjacent channel system, it will generally be preferable to introduce some fluid into the header and filter channels prior to introducing a fluid directly into reservoir 66. Similarly, fluid channel networks having a plurality of fluid introduction ports will generally include at least one unfiltered port structure. Otherwise, it might be difficult to advance any fluid into the network beyond the small filter channels surrounding each port.
While the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in some detail, by way of illustration and for clarity of understanding, a number of modifications, adaptations, and alternative embodiments will be obvious to those of skill in the art. For example, the present invention may be used with microfluidic structures that rely on pneumatic pressure or a vacuum to move materials within microfluidic channels. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited solely by the appended claims.
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Clasificación de EE.UU. | 422/503, 436/180, 422/507 |
Clasificación internacional | G01N35/00, G01N27/447, B01J19/00, G01N35/10, B01L3/00, G01N1/10, B01L3/02 |
Clasificación cooperativa | B01J2219/00909, B01J2219/00853, B01L2300/0816, B01L3/5025, B01L2400/0421, B01L2200/027, G01N2035/00237, B01L3/5027, G01N27/44743, Y10T436/25375, B01L2400/0418, Y10T436/25125, G01N27/44791, B01L2300/0864, B01L2300/0819, B01L3/502715, B01J2219/00783, B01J2219/00891, B01J2219/00826, B01L2400/0406, B01J2219/00831, B01L2300/0681, B01L3/0244, B01L2400/0688, G01N2035/1037, B01L3/50255, B01J2219/00833, B01L3/502723, B01L3/502753, B01L2400/0487, B01L3/50273, B01J19/0093, Y10T436/2575, B01L3/0262 |
Clasificación europea | B01L3/5025, B01L3/5027B, B01L3/5027D, B01L3/02D6, G01N27/447C7, B01L3/50255, B01J19/00R, B01L3/5027, G01N27/447B4, B01L3/02D2 |
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Hugh Laurie, in full James Hugh Calum Laurie (born June 11, 1959, Oxford, England), British comic actor perhaps best known for his role on the television series House (2004–12).
Laurie was educated at Eton College and Selwyn College, Cambridge. His father won a gold medal at the 1948 London Olympics as a member of the British national rowing team, and, while at Eton, Laurie followed him into the sport. He and his partner were the 1977 national junior coxed pairs champions and came in fourth in the world junior championships. Laurie joined the rowing team at Cambridge the following year, but illness caused him to withdraw from competition.
At that point Laurie joined Cambridge's Footlights Club comedy revue group, eventually serving as its president. While on an end-of-year tour with the Footlights, he met the actor-playwright Stephen Fry. The two collaborated on The Cellar Tapes. They entered that revue in the 1981 Edinburgh Festival Fringe and won the Perrier Pick of the Fringe Award. Along with Robbie Coltrane, Ben Elton, and fellow Footlights performer Emma Thompson, they soon were writing and performing on the television sketch-comedy program Alfresco (1983–84). That led to Laurie's role on Rowan Atkinson's series Blackadder II and various other Blackadder sequels (beginning in 1986), and he and Fry wrote and performed in 26 episodes of A Bit of Fry and Laurie between 1987 and 1995. Among his other comedy series was Jeeves and Wooster, also with Fry (1990–93).
At the beginning of the 21st century, Laurie took a role as the brilliant but rude and arrogant Dr. Gregory House in the American television drama House. Laurie—whose American accent on the show was so convincing that people often thought he was joking around when he spoke with his natural British accent—garnered two Golden Globe Awards (2006 and 2007) for his role and gained extraordinary popularity in the United States.
Laurie's success in television paved the way for supporting parts in motion pictures. The comedy Peter's Friends (1992) reunited several Footlights alumni, and Laurie later shared scenes with Thompson in the Jane Austen adaptation Sense and Sensibility (1995). He subsequently appeared in such films as Cousin Bette (1998), Stuart Little (1999), Flight of the Phoenix (2004), The Oranges (2011), and Tomorrowland (2015). In 2016 he played a villainous arms dealer in the television miniseries based on John le Carré's The Night Manager. Laurie also provided the voice for characters in numerous television and movie cartoons.
As well as acting, Laurie directed TV shows and commercials and was a talented songwriter and musician. In addition to performing with the celebrity group Band from TV (originally 16:9) and the band Poor White Trash and the Little Big Horns, he released the solo albums Let Them Talk (2011) and Didn't It Rain (2013), which were inspired by New Orleans-style blues. He also wrote the novels The Gun Seller (1996) and The Paper Soldier (2007). Laurie was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 2007.


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Skip to 43:00
Presented by NRS founder and President, Bill Parks.
In the annuals of wilderness conservation, Martin Litton is a singular force of nature—a Category 5 hurricane of eloquence, passion, and pig-headed obduracy quite unlike anything that has ever blown across the American landscape. Born in 1917, he spent World War II crash-landing gliders across Western Europe, then returned to California and started raining his fire down on U.S. industries and government agencies bent on ravaging the country's wild places during the boom years of the 1950s.
In his roles as a freelance writer for the Los Angeles Times, an editor at Sunset magazine, and the only commercial outfitter to ever guide the Grand Canyon exclusively in wooden dories, Litton elbowed into the front lines of some of the most important environmental battles of his day. He wracked up a number of impressive victories and an even longer list of painful defeats, but the greatest of his crusades took place inside the grandest canyon of all, where he helped to spearhead a battle against a trio of hydroelectric dams that were designed to drown the unearthly paradise at the bottom of the abyss and to still the river running through it.
The key to that campaign involved Litton's decision to join forces with another ex-soldier—a veteran of the Army's 10th Mountain Division by the name of David Brower—who working as the executive director of an obscure group of alpine picnickers in San Francisco known as the Sierra Club. The story of how Litton, Brower, and their friends whipped the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is one of the best river legends we've got—and the consequences of their victory are still reverberating today.
And while the Sierra Club transformed into America's most iconic conservation lobby and Brower was heralded by Life magazine as "his country's number-one working conservationist," it's the old dory captain that Brower once called "my environmental conscience" who, at age 95, remains one of the nation's greatest unsung conservation heroes. –Kevin Fedarko


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Granita, which originated in Italy, is similar to shaved or Italian ices. It is a light, refreshing concoction made of frozen flakes of seasonal produce. Granitas can be sweetened (think of slushies) and eaten as a light dessert, or mildly flavored and served as a palate cleanser between courses in a meal. Despite their fancy-sounding name, they are a breeze to make and a delight to eat. This particular one features watermelon that is only slightly sweetened with raw agave nectar and perfumed with lime zest and a touch of dry lavender. Please make sure that if you decide to use lavender, it is
- 4 cups (1 3/4 pounds) cubed seedless watermelon -
- 1/4 cup raw agave nectar (or honey) -
- Juice (about 1 tablespoon) and zest of 1 lime -
- 1 teaspoon dry culinary lavender, plus more for garnish (optional) -
1. Purée watermelon, agave, lime juice and zest and lavender (if using) in a blender until smooth.
2. Pour mixture into a 9x9 or 10x10-inch metal baking pan (DO NOT USE GLASS!) and place in the freezer.
3. After 1 hour, run over the ice with the dents of a fork, scraping the ice to form flakes.
4. Repeat scraping after 1 or 2 hours to turn ice into the consistency of snowflakes.
5. Serve or cover with plastic wrap and freeze for up to 3 days.


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ActiveHelper Live Chat is powerful live chat software plugin! Allows you to talk with your website visitors, monitor traffic and analyze visitors behaviour. From your main Wordpress CMS installation your can manage the chat on other wordpress websites, shopping carts or different CMS. Our live chat plugin is the most scalable and flexible Live Chat for wordpress websites.
1 Unlimited Domains : With our incredible unlimited domains benefit, it's easier to manage all your internet sites in WordPress, in any other CMS or regular page.
2 Unlimited Agents : The number of agents isn't a limitation in our Live Chat solution thanks to the unlimited agents benefit.
3 Real WordPress Integration : The LiveHelp Server is like any other extension in WordPress that can be easily installed as a plugin available for versions 3.2 and above.
4 Chat from Anywhere : Monitor your visitors from the comfort of your PC or Mac. If you're outside of the office you can also observe visitors from your IPhone, Ipad , Android phone or tablet .
5 Highly Customizable : From displaying photos for each customer service agent to a complete logo re-branding
6 Easy to Install and Configure : Install and manage the Live Chat system as you would any other plguin in WordPress.
7 WordPress Plugins Directory ActiveHelper Live Chat is one of the best off the best plugins for live chat and live support availables on wordpress.org directory.
8 WordPress Plugin Support : The Live Chat extension is available for worpress 3.0x and 4.0x. We update the system very often in order to give you the most stable and confiable system. Updates information through Facebook official Page.
WordPress Integration
The LiveHelp Server is an extension which is easily installed from the Admin panel of WordPress, available for the version 3.2 and higher.
Chat Anywhere
Your agents will be able to answer a chat whether they're on their desktop, a cellphone or tablet with Support Panel Desktop and Support Panel Mobile.
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Turning visitors into customers is very simple thanks to the ability to send invitations and messages to your visitors while they're navigating your site.
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Giving Live Chat the same look and feel of your site is very simple thanks to all of the customization tools available, including the re-branding feature
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Live Chat Plugin | Support Panel Desktop | Support Panel Mobile |
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For the money, we believe that we have the most robust, scalable and flexible solution on the WordPress market today. Please choose the option that will best meet your company's needs. No Monthly Fees
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College Tutors Elementary Tutors High School Tutors Accounting Tutors Algebra Tutors Anatomy Tutors Biochemistry Tutors Biology Tutors Calculus Tutors Chemistry Tutors English Tutors Essay Tutors Finance Tutors Geometry Tutors Math Tutors Microeconomics Tutors Organic Chemistry Tutors Phonics Tutors Physics Tutors Pre-algebra Tutors Reading Tutors New York Regents Exams Tutors Science Tutors Statistics Tutors Trigonometry Tutors Writing Tutors
There are several Anatomy courses specific to the organism being studied. "Animal anatomy" is sometimes called zomy; "vegetable anatomy," phytotomy; but typically, students are referring to the "human anatomy" which is sometimes called anthropotomy. Human Anatomy is often studied by both high school and undergraduate college students interested in a career in medicine.
Human Anatomy is the study of the anatomical structure of the human body. It is a thorough examination of the cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. The student's primary goal is to identify each specific body structures and use of the correct descriptive vocabulary (sometimes in Latin). Students will also learn the functions of the each specific body structure. Some specific components of an Anatomy course that students are required to learn are: (1) identify cell types, cell organelles, tissue types and organs both microscopically and macroscopically (2) discuss the similarities and differences among types of bone and bone growth mechanisms (3) identify the structures of the heart and the names of blood vessels (4) identify the primary areas of the brain and the component parts within each area and correctly associate the specific anatomical areas of the brain with their functions…These are only a few of the objectives of any Human Anatomy course!
While many students find an anatomy course fascinating, the shear volume of knowledge they must learn can be overwhelming. Students that are intent on following a career path in a medical or related field must not simply regurgitate this information. Understanding the human anatomy is clearly the basis for many students a lifelong medical profession. For those students, getting a private tutor that can work with them through many related courses can be the key to a successful college career.
Today many students take college level course starting in 11th grade with Advanced Placement courses. Other students are attending a community college, technical college, Business College, medical college, or even a prestigious 4-year university. No matter the level or the location, certain college courses can be a challenge, if not down right overwhelming. This is when it is best to turn to a professional tutor for help. No matter the subject area, we believe in experts with related experience providing professional college level tutoring. Our college tutors are always top in quality and credentials.
Atlanta is a city that takes education seriously. Atlanta residents demand the very best in tutoring and appreciate the outstanding service they receive when working with us. Like the many, many colleges in Atlanta, we have tutors for every student, whichever subject, level, and learning style you require. We have highly qualified and experienced tutors available in all areas of Atlanta, and best of all they come directly to you! We have been providing tutoring services to Atlanta students for many, many successful years. Our reputation as a premium service in Atlanta and surrounding areas is evident in the hundreds of testimonials we have received from parents, students, and schools.
We believe that one-on-one, personalized, in-home instruction is the most effective way for students to focus on academic improvement and build confidence. We know that finding you the best tutor means more that just sending a qualified teacher into your home. We provide our clients access to the largest selection of highly qualified and fully screened professional tutors in the country. We believe that tutoring is most effective when the academic needs of the student are clearly defined. Our purpose is to help you clarify those needs, set academic goals, and meet those goals as quickly and effectively as possible. Using a tutor should be a positive experience that results in higher achievement and higher self-confidence for every learner.


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Opinion: Black-on-Black Racism During The Presidential CampaignWhile it is reported that 94% or more of African-Americans support President Barack Obama over Mitt Romney in the upcoming national presidential election, the rarely-spoken question is: Are many African-Americans only voting for Obama because he's black?
Opinion: The Unreported Racism Of The 2012 Election: 0% Of African-Americans Support RomneyThe media keeps suggesting that the racism regarding candidates has to do with whites not wanting to vote for a black man, even though Barack Obama won a presidential election with a great amount of white support in 2008. What the media isn't talking about is the NBC-Wall Street survey results which say that there are basically no black supporters for the Caucasian candidate, Mitt Romney, in 2012.
Opinion: Obama Fails To Address Black America's Disappointments With His PresidencyMany who supported Obama in 2008 did so because they believed that he would help black Americans. The criticism four years later is that having a black president in the White House hasn't helped African Americans at all.
Connecticut Honors KingState officials are gathering in Hartford for Connecticut's official ceremony honoring the legacy of civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr.


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CARVER -- A helicopter crashed into five feet of water early yesterday as it applied fertilizer to cranberry bogs on the property at Edaville Railroad early yesterday.
The pilot, David W. Smith, who is from Ohio, suffered only minor injuries in the 6 a.m. crash, according to state police.
The helicopter was applying fertilizer to the bogs, owned by the Atwood Cranberry Company, when the load of fertilizer it was carrying shifted, causing the pilot to lose control of the helicopter.
The aircraft landed in about five feet of water. Mr. Smith was alone in the helicopter at the time and was able to free himself from it.
The helicopter, a Bell Jet Ranger, was totaled in the accident, police said. It was registered to Group IV Transportation in Bow, N.H.
State Police Trooper Mary Ann Cassille is investigating the accident.
Helicopter crashes into cranberry bog
Jul 2, 1996 at 12:01 AM
Jan 10, 2011 at 4:36 PM


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If reports are to be believed, Jason Momoa has some big projects coming up. In addition to the release of his directorial debut "Road to Paloma," he's rumored to be playing Aquaman in "Batman v. Superman: Dawn of Justice." But during a recent interview promoting "Road to Paloma's" release, nothing got Momoa as excited as the subject of "The Red Road" being picked up for a second season.
"I met with the writer two weeks ago, and I know what's going to happen — and you don't!" he teases to Zap2it. "He just said a couple words to me, and my whole soul, everything in my eyes just went crazy. It was insane. I'm really, really happy to go shoot it."
The six-episode first season is one of SundanceTV's few original scripted series, and Momoa earned his spot on it after submitting "Road to Paloma" for Sundance Film Festival consideration. Now that it's heading into Season 2, he can't help but gush about how special it is to him.
"I love this show. It's so godd*** good. I have a great f***ing character and there's some really rad s*** that gets to happen," he says. "I'm really blessed right now. I'm blessed. I'm really happy for the show and I'm really glad it got picked up."
Though he was told to keep mum on plot details, Momoa did tease that Season 2 will head in a new direction for his character Phillip Kopus. "We're definitely going to moving more into the tribe. It's going to be going more in there," he says. "There's a lot of great things that are going to be happening. I'm just super stoked to go shoot it. The end of this season is going to be f***ing awesome. That's all I know: It's going to be awesome."
While promoting Season 1, Momoa commented that he would like to potentially see his character and Sky, played by his real-life wife Lisa Bonet, have a romantic storyline. But after finishing "Road to Paloma," where she plays a woman he falls in love with, he says he might not be able to top himself.
"In 'Road to Paloma,' it might be one of the greatest things ever. I thought she was brilliant, and she brought some of the greatest things out of me," Momoa says. "There's really vulnerable, honest moments that I have in there that I've never had before. A married couple capturing what it's like to fall in love for the first time is f***ing hard. I don't think I can beat that. It was amazing."
He also says he's going to wait on offering himself up to direct an episode of the series. " If it gets a third [season], I will put my name in the hat, but really I would like to see Aaron [Guzikowski], our writer, direct one first. After that, I would definitely put my name in the hat," Momoa says.
"Road to Paloma" gets a limited theatrical release on July 11 and will be available on Blu-Ray, On Demand and DVD on July 15.


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Wed 29th Jul 2009 9:00amKing Surf School's Mawgan Porth Surf Report
Mawgan's 4ft with a cross on southerly look to it. Similar to yesterday but with more size. Kingsurf surf school mawgan poorth newquay cornwall
View the Mawgan Porth Surf Report and Forecast.
King Surf School's Reports have received a total of 215557 views.
This report has received 458 views since 29/7/09.


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Critics scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more favorable reviews.
out of 100
Metascore®Mixed or average reviewsbased on a weighted average of allcritic review scores.
The latest example of a distressing wave of undistinguished theatrical versions of Saturday-morning kid shows.
Read Full Review
Will provide preschoolers with comfort and amusement, though not rapture or enchantment.
See all Clifford's Really Big Movie reviews at Metacritic.com
OK for kids 4+
Charming and harmless. Nap while your kid enjoys.
What Parents Need to Know
Parents need to know that in this full-length animated movie meant for very young kids, there are a few incidents in which misunderstanding, jealousy, and lying result in mild suspense and jeopardy to the main characters. Little kids may feel sad when Clifford the Big Red Dog and his buddies leave home, when Emily Elizabeth realizes that Clifford is missing, and when Clifford is captured and taken away. But worrisome events resolve quickly; the film has a happy ending; and characters who've misbehaved learn important lessons.
Educational value: Brief looks at life in a carnival and the differences between rural island life and city life.
Messages: Misunderstandings can happen and sometimes cause problems. It's better to talk things over than to jump to conclusions. Lying, even about little things, is never a good idea.
Role models: Clifford and his friends always have good intentions but make mistakes (even lie when they pretend to be strays) as they set out to win a contest and help Clifford's family. Everyone in the story, even the most selfish and/or resentful characters, learns a valuable lesson. Most grown-ups and parental figures are portrayed positively. There's ethnic diversity throughout.
Violence and scariness: Some cartoon action, pratfalls, and close calls: a cow loses her balance on a tightrope; a smoking runaway car careens down a hillside; Clifford is captured and taken away; guards with nets and lasers chase the heroes through an amusement park. Several falls and bonks -- no one is injured.
Sexy stuff: Not an issue
Language: Not an issue
Consumerism: Clifford the Big Red Dog is a popular toy and programming franchise.
Drinking, drugs and smoking: Not an issue


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Retailers' Descriptions
Here's what other sites are saying:
Sure, it kind of looks like your grandmother knitted Burton's Nana Beanie and gave it to you for your birthday, but ever since she started dating that bodybuilder, there's just no way she would have had the time to pull off a chunky beanie of this caliber.
- Backcountry.com
With chunky, hand-knit fabric, a fun pom and tasseled earflaps, the Burton Nana earflap beanie helps keep girls warm, stylish and happy as they play in the snow. Soft acrylic knit offers excellent warmth; it also breathes well during activity and dries quickly when damp.
Attention Burton Snowboards Gear can be shipped only within the United States.Description of Burton Nana Beanie - GirlsKeeping your head warm.Features100 AcrylicChunky Hand Knit Tacked Beanie with Pom
- US Outdoor Store
Burton Girls' Nana Beanie
$5.83 - $23.00
The Girls' Nana Beanie has been discontinued.
previously retailed for:$5.83 - $23.00
The Burton Girls' Nana Beanie is not available from the stores we monitor. It was last seen January 18, 2014 at Backcountry.com.
If you're looking for a new winter hat, check out the best reviewed current models.


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Mom Gives Baby Daughter the Gift of Life
April 2, 2012
In 2011, Jennilynne Barters and her husband faced not only the challenge of being separated due to his military service in Afghanistan, but the news that their infant daughter Ellieanna had biliary atresia, a rare, life-threatening liver condition. When an operation failed to correct the problems caused by biliary atresia, the Barters turned to Mount Sinai's Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute (RMTI). Mount Sinai's multidisciplinary transplant team is well-known for its expertise in the most advanced, state-of-the-art liver transplantation techniques. A series of screening tests at Mount Sinai determined that Jennilynne could donate a piece of her liver to her then seven month-old daughter. Using an advanced liver transplantation technique known as split-liver transplantation, RMTI's liver transplantation team successfully removed a small portion of Jennilynne's liver and implanted it in Ellieanna. Today, mother and daughter are both doing well. Here, Mount Sinai surgeons Dr. Sander Florman and Dr. Marcelo Facciuto and RN Transplant Coordinator Tara Keegan tell the story of Jennilynne's living donation and Ellieanna's good prognosis for a healthy life.


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"Dexter" has given its first hints of the bigger villain's arc for Season 5 (which you may have read about in this spoilery post).
Spoilers! Before reading further, watch Episode 504, "Beauty and the Beast."
It took some doing and even allowing Lumen (Julia Stiles) to stab Dexter (Michael C. Hall) to finally win her trust. Her history is still a bit hazy, but this is what we've gathered:
- She's Lumen Ann Pierce from Minnesota
- There was some falling-out with her family, and her mother wrote her a letter to try and make amends for what her dad had said/done.
- Lumen had planned on being gone for a while and had an extended stay reserved at small hotel/motel.
- At some point, she was captured by Boyd (Shawn Hatosy) and "others" who kept her imprisoned for an indeterminate period of time and did unspecified horrible things to her, including lacerating her back.
- From the previews, Lumen is definitely embracing Dexter's vigilante vengeance scheme, but unfortunately, doesn't have "the code" or experience.
Other highlights and musings from the episode:
- Creepy that spectral Harry kept urging Dexter that he "had no choice" to kill Lumen.
- Best line goes to Deb: "F*** me in both ears."
- Wonder if nanny is also a mother figure to Dexter: "Never lie to someone who trusts you, nevre trust someone who lies to you."
- Yes, Harrison would be a better distraction than donuts.
- Masuka's willingness to share antibiotics is just gross.
- Cringeworthy moment – When Fuentes slashes the dude's throat with the machete. We thought the head would be totally or mostly severed off.
- Somehow, we don't think Quinn will give up getting Dexter ID'd as Kyle Butler.
Are you on board with this season yet? We're psyched!
Follow Zap2it and Zap2itHanh on Twitter and Zap2it on Facebook for the latest movies, TV and celeb news.
Photo credit: Showtime


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Sephora.com and Urbandecay.com features!
12:33 PMAs I sit here I am in awe and shock of the kindness and support of some of the companies around me that I love the most!
Some of you have noticed that I have recently been featured on Sephora's front page as well as Urban Decay's front page. I feel beyond honored since I frequent both those sites on a regular basis. All I can say is thank you, thank you, thank you!
Since I know these won't be up on their homepages forever (I wish! LOL!) I made these screencaps which you can click to see bigger. This one is on sephora.com.
If you'd like to see the original blog post with pics, click here.
You can watch my Sephora haul from last year featured here:
And here the feature on urbandecay.com (OMG *squeal*) along with one of my favorite youtubers, JulieG713!
You can see the makeup tutorial I created using the Naked Palette by Urban Decay featured here:
It's so ironic because I'm certain neither Sephora nor Urban Decay knew they'd be featuring From Head To Toe at the same time, and nearly about the same thing: my adoration of the Naked Palette. XD What can I say? I love telling others about things I'm obsessed with. I'm sure all my closest friends are annoyed that I won't shut up about R&R blushes and the Urban Decay Naked Palette. ^____^
I know it's in no way making up for the generosity of your site space to feature sephora.com and urbandecay.com on my little blog, which I do anyway, but thank you so much from the bottom of my heart! I was speechless when you contacted me to ask to feature my youtube, and I'm awestruck seeing them live now! I feel truly blessed and I will try my hardest to not take it for granted. <3
29 comments
I saw you on both pages yesterday! It was the first time I've visited the UD site too. I thought that you were *always* featured especially since you are featured on the unii palettes site too! :)
By the way, I'm thisssssss close to getting the Lioele automatic eyebrow pencil in grey-black because of your recommendation!


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"Today," the bishop said, "Argentineans are submitted to the continuous bombardment of the absurd. The media is trying to convince us over and over again that the marital union between a man and a woman is exactly the same as the marital union between two people of the same sex. Very few countries in the world have been able to legalize this absurdity. Will Argentinean legislators have the gall to join that short list?" he asked.
Bishop Lona said supporters are using illegal methods to try to get the bill passed and that the measure does not grant freedom of conscience, despite promises by lawmakers to the contrary. He slammed those who claim that refusing to support the measure would demonstrate "party disloyalty."
The bishop pointed out that it has been well documented that those lawmakers who oppose the measure have been subjected to pressure—"including threats and extortion, in order to change their votes or not show up."
"If this slight-of-hand works, the supposed law would be a complete mockery of the will of the Argentinean people," he said.