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Fresh from his impressive test performance at Yas Marina Circuit last week, Red Bull protege Daniel Ricciardo has been given a testing role with Toro Rosso, which will see him running in Friday practice at all 20 rounds of next year's F1 world championship.
Second it justifies the existence of Toro Rosso as it is the proving ground of young drivers. Again, Vettel came up via this route. Red Bull can finally say they have proven the concept.
Third it gives Ricciardo a chance, as Vettel had in his early days, to run on Fridays with the regular F1 drivers, get to know the tracks and the scene without too much pressure. Rather than stand around like a spare part he will have something positive to focus his efforts on. Outside of this opportunity he will also be trying to win the Formula Renault 3.5 series next year having narrowly missed out on it last year. The pressure will be on there.
Finally it will put some real pressure on the existing Toro Rosso racing drivers, Sebastien Buemi and Jaime Alguersuari. Both had difficult moments in 2010. Alguersuari seemed to be steadily improving as the season reached its conclusion, while Buemi by that stage seemed to be going backwards and he's the one standing on the trapdoor at the moment.
"I am sure that having a hungry youngster on the books will keep our current driver pairing nice and sharp!" said Toro Rosso boss Franz Tost.
Ricciardo's presence in the team, with direct comparisons in lap time on the F1 circuits, will stimulate competition and should get the best out of the drivers, Neither of them are rookies any more, they've learned the ropes and now it's time to show that thay have the quality to step up to Red Bull Racing, should Mark Webber's seat become available for 2012.
"My main priority for 2011 is to win the Formula Renault 3.5 championship, but my ultimate aim is to be a full-time Formula 1 driver and this new role has to be the best step towards achieving that ambition," said Ricciardo.
Toro Rosso seem to like to give drivers two years to prove themselves or be moved on; we've seen it with Tonio Liuzzi, Sebastien Bourdais, Scott Speed, all of whom were dispensed with when they didn't cut the mustard in year two. So 2011 is a big year for Buemi in particular, and to a lesser extent Alguersuari as he started mid season in 2009.
It's possible that Ricciardo could step up to replace one of them during the season, but Alguersari showed how hard that was in 2009. At least Ricciardo would have had some time in the car before being thrown in the deep end. But there is evidence that throwing drivers in too young can harm them, rather than help them.
That said, Toro Rosso has been one of the teams willing to be ruthless in dropping drivers suddenly in recent years; just ask Speed and Bourdais.
With all the talk of how hard it is for young kids to break into F1, this is a positive story for the sport, albeit underlining that you need to commit to Red Bull, or one of the big corporates, to achieve anything. After years of pouring money into the sport in vain, now everything seems to be all about Red Bull.
We will watch Ricciardo with great interest. The indicators so far look very promising.
Mikhail Aleshin close to a deal too.
I think this should be made compulsory by FIA that all teams should run at least 1 practice session by the test driver. This will go a long way in preparing upcoming drivers and also giving teams a good view of the available talent. Even if Saturday sessions are made slightly longer to give regular drivers enough time.
I don't think it should be compulsory... it's really just common sense. One driver can't race? the third driver shouldn't go in to replace him completely cold; the teams should have enough sense that the third driver should be experienced with the car and ready to go so they don't flounder and destroy any chance at helping the team in the constructors title.
It makes it difficult in other ways though. As wind tunnel testing is limited and CFD is generally believed to have some limitations if you're not Virgin, then on a Friday you want to try out new parts if you want to win. Driver feel is important so the driver needs to know the car. So between Button and Hamilton, who do you tell to warm the bench? At tracks like Monaco and Montreal it can be important to get your eye in with the walls. Getting a driver up to speed takes time in most cases. Heidfeld in my view was below his 2009 standard in all his races this year.
My gut feeling it that he will step into a race seat 2/3 way through the season as he will probably show his proper potential in the practice sessions and/or the current drivers cant get to 'grips' with the new tires
Mine too. Buemi is on borrowed time.
Red Bull are in a tough situation. It looks likely that Webber will leave at the end of 2011 but none of their junior drivers look like they would be ready to step up to the main team at this stage. In fact, their two junior drivers knocking on the door of F1, Ricciardo and Vergne, look most likely to follow in Vettel's footsteps than the two drivers at Toro Rosso at the moment. If Webber retires I think they will hire someone from another team, possibly Kubica.
I can see Buemi being dropped by mid-season.
Kubica is unlikely, given his manager says he wants to be allowed to drive in the occasional rally and Red Bull have already told him they wouldn't allow it. Hulkenberg might be a possibility perhaps - he seemed to be steadily getting to grips with F1 and it's sad to see Williams drop him so quickly.
I always felt very sorry for Bourdais. He is a decent driver, but at times, during his time at str, an unlucky one. That footage of him crying while talking about him fighting for his seat is heart wrenching. We rarely see that type of raw emotion in f1. Str drivers really have to look over their shoulders
Or Monza... qualifies fourth in the rain (forgotten because Vettel was on pole). His car stalls on the grid, and has to start from the pitlane. Ends up turning fastest laps throughout the race to no avail. Spa was another one.
I definitely had my fingers crossed that he'd get to replace Massa when he was injured... Instead, Badoer stepped in to relive his glory days at Minardi (at a similar gap from the leaders too!).
There are some interesting characteristics with both Spa and Monza that may have suited Bourdais. James has commented that the engineers felt Bourdais was behind the car, that basically that an F1 was too quick for his brain and reactions. While fast, there aren't too many rapid changes in brake, steer throttle, with the chicanes although being left-right, basically being one event. Bourdais may be as good as or better than any of the current F1 guys in put in a NASCAR, but not in an F1 car. Being partnered with Sebastian "as good as Senna" Vettel didn't help though.
I remember that, it was at Spa 2008, he was 3rd half way around final lap, but got passed by Heidfeld, Vettel, Kubica and Alonso.
Very Excited to see a young Aussie making steps into the big league. The more Australians we have making it big overseas will do great things for the sport in Australia, Its a shame that a lot of Australian talent gets stuck in the comfortable life of the V8 Supercars.
Comfortable, well promoted but ultimately half baked supercars. Its so sad here (Aus) that supercars are all that most drivers aspire to and that this category hoovers up all the local media and sponsor interest. For a relatively small population we have a pretty big interest and investment in racing but it all in sedans. There only a dribble of interest in F3, our only international and relevant category for drivers with true overseas ambition. Its also ironic that most of the top end of the Australian F3 series is international drivers and not Australians. And to add insult to injury the organisers of the Australian GP would rather put on Aussie Racers (a comical category of dwarf supercars) than stage an Australian F3 race. Twas ever thus...
V8's and F1 are two very different things though. Mark Webber has said several times previously that he would be prefer to give up racing altogether than end up at V8 Supercars after F1.
V8's in a mixed bag though, because while it prmotoes motosport it also is highly linked to certain markets in terms of aussie cars. And as such has several overwhelming social conatations that come with it. Almost every 'hoon' (atleast in victoria) drives a Holden Commodore, a Ford Falcon, or to a lesser extent an old honda, toyota or nissa skyline.
Most have 22s on them and tinted wins, big spoilers on the back, bluies, modded exhausts and are driven by people who think the red line is the earliest time to change gear.
That is the stereotype linked to the V8's. It's part of the 'bloke' culture, also linked to VB and XXXX beer and such. It's Collingwood playing at teh MCG footy, its V8, its stupid mate-ish nicknames like Murph and GT and 'real workmans beer'.
That is V8 culture. F1 runs late at night, or the early hours of the morning, followers know stuff about aero and f-ducts and why ferrari are such a different 'team' to any other manafacturer.
V8 Supercars is something you watch, F1 is something you follow. You can not watch V8's for a while and youll sitll know whats happening, you can skip a season in f1 and you wont know whats happening. F1 is more involving and as such has a smaller more articulated market.
That's why (coming back to your point) V8s are much more predominant in Australia compared to F1 and MotoGP. IndyCar is much the same in Australia. It lacks the culture and hece no one knows who Will Power is, let alone the fact that he led most of the season and until the final race. Most people don't know the why some drivers are better at circles and others at street tracks (think thats what they call them).
I, as an aussie am excited about his prospects and they certainly look good. A bit sad he is sitll in FR3.5. But atleast he has a strong F1 run. Should see a bit of buemi v and alg v.
Perhaps a British person or a German (if they come here) could commment on DTM or BTCC in their respective countries?
Given TR's nature including dropping hartley dispite being intimately involved in the development of the RB7, I'd be supried to see Buemi still there at the end if he doesn't improve. Alg has a bigger buffer as he has had 1 full season so far, and it was a gooden. I can't see them dropping him after that
Yes Supercars does anoy me too. Especially given that actual road legal supercars (like the faster porche 911s, ferraris italia lamborghini murcielago lp 670 SV etc.. are all faster than the v8's.)
Guess it does make up for it when they anounce the winner of the Supercheap auto bathurst 1000.
Can you honestly imagine if F1s prize event, Monaco was instead called the Supercheap monaco? I don't care how much they sponser, it takes all credibility out of the event by putting the title Supercheap infornt of it all.
Australia needs a good tie in with the Asia series GP2, i.e. Australia can host a couple of it's races. One in phillip island and one in bathurst if its safe enough. Then we can have an F3 series. Australias best efforts are lower formula isn't properly promoted and should be redone, just like GP2 was put in place only a few years ago to have a fresh start, we need a new fresh start Formula. THere is a euro one, a british one an Italian one, there are heaps, we need, given that we are in the middle of nowhere one for ourselves, probably best to share with NZ and Malaysia (they have cash look at Lotus and Lotus :)), etc...
But then where when would you run it? Easiest would be as a support race for the V8's, but then given the difference, one being medieval made engines with tacky badges and the other being F3 they don't exactly go hand in hand.
Saw something weird on tv, a GT championship in Australia!!!! Didn't even know it existed.
Australians who want to drive overseas need talent and money. Money comes from overseas people giving money and from Australians wanting to stick there name in overseas. Given that overseas lower formulae isn't covered really there is no point as aussies wont see it and otherwise its a blank canvas of people.
RedBull as much as i hate there driver churning program, is best for Australians right now. Provides the money and opportunities they can't get from australian cash. Explains why lately 2 of there 4 have been from over here (Ricciardo and formerly Hartely from NZ with Alg and Bue from TR)
Extremely well thought out and concise response(s) - can't add much to that.....except....
1. The AGPC have openly stated that the F1 GP is an "entertainment event" not a motorsport race (?), so pure racers like the F3's will hardly ever get a look-in, unless other categories drop out - as has occurred before.
2. Although the V8's are seen by some as an agricultural wasteland of talent and technology, this is in great part due to the lack of financial backing for young Aussie driver talent wanting to compete overseas (noting some support from organisations like the AMSF et al) and in the latter case, due to a poor motorsport industry within this country (6th largest in the world - in terms of GDP). Moreover, with only two organisations providing postgraduate motorsport training (Motorsupport and Edith Cowen Uni) and the lower-level TAFE courses, there's not enough dedicated talent to supplement the technology base - most talent goes offshore anyway. Who can blame them, with the allure of F1 etc?
3. Being a Pom, I remember the heady days of BTCC in the early-mid 90's. Great cars (Audi, BMW, Ford, Volvo etc). In recent years, it has turned into clockwork-orange cars, with a slimmer fan-base. Not being an expert on this category (I have been in Aus for 14 years), I wouldn't want to commit to explaining whether this has been a good thing for BTCC, but I suspect V8 Supercars have been more successful.
Finally, getting to the point-in-hand....I wish Dan the very best of luck in his F1 career - being a Red Bull promoted, marketed and pampered driver (much like Vettel), I'm sure he will do well.
Chalk and Cheese. Its true, the demographic that supports V8's is a solid sustainable sector and hey, good luck to them. It just a pity other worthy categories do not get much of a look in.
I am so glad that Mark Webber would not consider driving V8's. Nothing would be more sad than seeing him mid field in a Supercar grid (remember Alan Jones...).
Cars generally have come a long way since the start of the current Supercar regulations. There are plenty of road cars (factory, or modified imports) driving around now that have similar or greater performance than a V8 Supercar and I feel this is diluting the appeal uniqueness of the class.
And on a person whinge (Australian term for moan) the term "Supercars" has always annoyed me. Its sounds as if the marketers are trying to make it sound extra specially good. The term DeLux Car or High Quality Car are equally applicable in this instance. Stupid.
Buemi had a very disappointing 2010 campaign after being one of the best rookies last year (I remember Brundle 'forgetting' he was a rookie at one point during his commentary)
However, Alguersuari has no set the world alight either. I can see both of them being replaced during the 2011 season unless one of them produces as a stand out performance.
To be fair, the Torro Rosso is no longer designed by Red Bull, so while it looks the same (being an evolution of last year's Torro Rosso which was designed by Red Bull) it is not as evolved and consequently the competitiveness of the machine is not as high as when Vettel won back in 2008.
The biggest pressure for the two drivers is the number of drivers competing for seats on the grid. It would not surprise me if Red Bull were interested in snaring Hulkenberg, despite him being the product of a different team's young driver program, and placing him in one of the Torro Rossos as well. His pole in Brazil was the stand out rookie achievement of 2010 - despite flying under the radar for most of the rest of the season - and it is things like that that seem to excite the Red Bull franchise.
It's an interesting announcement - especially as 'Autosport' reported just last weekend that both Alguersuari and Buemi are believed to have firm deals only for the first half of 2011.
(Then again, that information was included in an article which quoted Ricciardo as saying that his own plans for next year were not even close to being confirmed!)
Ricciardo clearly has talent and will get his F1 chance one day. However, I tend to think that - F1 being what it is, Bernie's commercial influence being what it is - there may be room for only one Australian in F1, in which case Ricciardo may be held back until Mark Webber retires. So... 2012, then?
Great to see another Ausi get a chance in F1.
Great news for Ricciardo. I think he's a real talent.
I'd like to this as compulsory for all teams for the both the Friday sessions. Each race driver sits out one session, alternating every other race.
F1 needs to find a way to give young drivers some seat time, and this seems like a good way to do it.
Agreed. Autosport had a great suggestion this week that all of the 3rd drivers do a quali style shoot out on a Friday, the fastest driver wins their team an extra set of tyres for each driver for the weekend.
The fastest car will have an extra advantage. How a midfield team can beat a top car even with a good test driver. The idea is absolutely rubbish.
Exactly. Why do so many people think cheap gimmicks (e.g. push-to-pass, mandatory tire changes to a different compound) are good for F1?
It should be pure racing... not Mario Kart.
I read that suggestion myself.
While I'd support any initiative to give young drivers more seat time - particularly at race weekends - I think the idea is over complicated. Don't like the idea of advantaging a team either.
Formula 1 has really harmed young drivers in recent years. The absence of testing has absolutely destroyed many drivers hopes for reaching F1. Schumacher is a rare example of a driver who stepped in Formula 1 without the slightest preparations and impressed straight away. Alonso had a year with Minardi, a year as a test driver for Renault before driving and Hamilton was nurtured by McLaren and Mercedes almost before he was born.
Nowadays, testing is banned during the season and before the season starts there are so few test days that the teams have to allocate all the testing days to the regular drivers to acquaint them with the new car and to work on its setup. Even the reserve drivers aren't allowed any testing day.
Before the teams had enough testing days to give some youngsters a test here and there. Young test drivers were recruited and assessed over a whole year. Hakkinen, Coulthard and Alonso started that way and many others. Would Hakkinen have been world champion without his test role ?
The lack of testing prevent new blood from stepping up but it allows olds to stay forever. The only reason Rubens is still here is because of the no testing agreement. With Schumacher it's different as he's an all time legend of the sport and his presence is a plus for the championship. When Jake Humphrey ask south Koreans about their favourites many pointed to Schumacher to show how great he was.
RedBull has the solution with its B team as it allowed them to assess their youngsters before allowing them to reach the big team. The problem with Ricciardo appointment as a Friday test driver is the pressure it puts on the regular drivers and the lack of time it gives them to set up their cars and work around any issues. I read somewhere that both have a firm contract till mid next season and from Tozt opinion Buemi situation looks less and less comfortable.
RedBull has so many good young drivers being sponsored that their success in finding some jewels is almost inevitable and ToroRosso is almost indispensable to be able to promote some of them.
But these young drivers programs launched by every team here and there isn't a good idea in my view. Renault had absolutely no success with its young driver program. Hamilton is paid by McLaren the same salary he would have if he wasn't developed by them so that money spent on developing him doesn't allow them to save money at later stages. Besides teams such as Ferrari or McLaren will always attract the best drivers so why spend money and resources on youngsters you can have afterwards.
The other major issue with these programs is that the young talents outside the teams development programs have less and less access to F1. The latest example is the Hulk. With his talent he should have secured a seat a few years ago (he's the same age as Vettel).
TODT Jr (Massa and Maldonado manager) said how tough it has become to find drive in F1 for the youngsters which is odd given that there are more seats available.
One solution I see is to allow young drivers to step up is to allow (in the European races only to keep costs down) a 3rd car driven by a youngster for the couple of Friday sessions. The big teams are allowed to assess young drivers and the little ones can rise funds with that.
First, Schumacher raced in Group C before F1 (as did Bellof)... That gave him experience with lots of downforce and lots of power. Moving into a nimble F1 car probably wasn't too much of a problem.
Second, maybe this will mean that more drivers aiming at an F1 seat will take more time in their ascent to the top; perhaps they'll spend a year or two in sports cars (Schumacher and Bruno Senna did just that). Maybe they'll stay in GP2 for two or three years, making GP2 that much more difficult to shine in, further culling the herd.
Experience and maturity might be prized a bit more, rather than a rawly-talented 19-year-old that jumps into an F1 car and puts in tens of thousands of km in testing to prepare for his debut... It might have to be the well-groomed 25-year-old that has already got a GP2 championship AND a Le Mans victory to his or her name.
Add DTM and Japanese Super GT to that list as well... pretty much any series with high-downforce and high-power cars, irrespective of whether they have fenders or not.
Basically, I can just see F1 teams looking to several series to evaluate not just raw talent, but skills and experience as well.
Hi Malcolm,
I've been travelling, hence the timing of the responses. I think weight and from that the braking and lateral force of the car is critical. Different drivers have different abilities to process information and for some the current F1 cars are too quick. Pitch sensitivity is another issue. Sedan racing places more emphasis on being the last of the late brakers in terms of qualifying pace even if can hurt the tyres overall.
My view on Hakkinen is that he made a pretty good impression. Motor magazine in Australia ran a feature in late 1992 on him and Schumacher being the new stars to take over from Prost, Senna and Mansell. He had a Ligier drive lined up for 1993, but Keke told him that McLaren was the way to go. Given the 94 and 95 driver changes at McLaren, I think Mika could have ended up at McLaren anyway.
From his early results, Hakkinen would not have lasted 2 seasons in modern F1. If the top 4 of each feeder or lower racing series is deemed talented enough to move up to F1, then where are these seats supposed to come from? Particularly when the time is back when you can turn up with 5 million and buy yourself a seat. I agree with you about giving young drivers car time in F1. And strangely, it's not always about the top GP2 drivers. Look at how many times a hot driver who has finished top 2 has come into F1 and struggled, yet someone who languished in 5th or 6th goes on to really grasp a modern F1 car. I'd love to see far more young drivers tested and not just a handful.
Do you think he will get a start in a race as the season unfolds?
Great to see another Aussie coming in to Formula 1! Best of luck to Dan next year.
You'd have to fancy that he'll be in the car full time at some point next year...
Great news for Australia another Aussie coming through. Daneil was unlucky in the last round not to win FR3.5 the car was a dog in the wet. I though he may end up doing GP2 instead as this follows most of the GP circuits. Obviously the FR3.5 does not conflict with F1- is this correct.
At leats with FR3.5 us Aussies can watch it on Eurosport on Foxtel
This is a good choice for Dan, I know there are a lot of Webber fans that wanted him in straight away, but theres a lot to be said for being properly prepared and easing in.
James do you know if WSR conflicts with F1 much? Like at Monaco, will he be able to do the Friday test and WSR for the rest? I'd imagine that would be somewhat difficult to chop and change cars.
Throwing Ricciardo into one of the 2011 pre-season tests might give us some indication of his speed against the "main" drivers of both Toro Rosso and the rest of the field. I'm somewhat sceptical of his pace given he was given the opportunity to test in the fastest car of 2010 on a well rubbered track in Abu Dhabi.
I'm also not a fan of big corporations throwing in millions behind a driver (or drivers) hoping they'll make it big one day. Other more deserving, possibly more tallented, drivers could be overlooked because of this. But then I guess academies are the way forward in all sports nowadays...
It's the other way around, my friend.
These big corporations are giving the under-funded talents the money to compete with the well-connected, well-sponsored, or simply rich kids that can just buy their way up the ladder.
Senna? You can thank Marlboro for him (and several other Brazilian talents). Jacques Villeneuve? You can thank Players for him.
Lets face it... any driver has to buy their way ALL the way to GP2. There are no paying rides on the ladder (Giorgio Pantano and Luca Filippi may be the only exceptions). If the driver doesn't bring the cash, he/she doesn't get the seat.
I think it's awesome that Red Bull is giving these kids a chance at making it big. If I was 15 years old and presented an opportunity like that, I would jump at it in a second. Finding sponsorship is not easy at all... pretty much every driver in F1 now is as talented at selling themselves to a sponsor as they are behind the wheel; that's just how the requirements of a modern racing driver have evolved.
Yes, EVERY DRIVER PAYS TO GET IN, in one way or another.
Let's go Ricciardo! Good to see another Aussie in the ranks, especially one from my home town. Looking forward to seeing Dan's success and the exposure of F1 he will bring to Australia. God knows we need it!
FP1 Melbourne 2011 - With Webber & Ricciardo we'll hav two Australians driving around Albert Park in Formula 1 (albeit for all of 90mins)! The atmosphere in Australia is always fantastic, but doubly so now.
Am looking forward to it.
Hi James. Was out to lunch in Perth and had glimpse at the young gun giving us fans a lunch time treat! Good Stuff. I tell you what not being bias but the kid looks good!The camera loves him as well. I wouldn't be surprised that the other teams will be keeping an eye on him especailly the boys from the Prancing Horse garage. They definately have a special interest in him if you know what i mean. What are you thoughts?
Sounds like excellent experience for ricciardo. It's done wonders for Paul Di resta this year.
I like the redbull approach of giving the guys 2 years. With very little testing and the physical stepup the first year (unless we're talking fastest car or real superstar) is all about learning. Getting a full winters testing in after their first season is the key. If they then still struggle then pull the trigger.
Can't help but think the instant success push might have deprived us of some good potential drivers.
Any news on nico Hulkenburg to force India? I was kind of expecting Paul to get a race seat with Sutil.
I'm hearing rumours that ldm at Ferrari is seriously considering heads rolling after Abu dhabi.
I think if that was the case, we will be seeing a step backwards.
The good thing about the success under Schumacher, todt, brawn and Byrne was consistency.
Ferrari in my opinion produced the second best car in f1 this season and had a good season of development. I think if they just keep calm and dont start jumping because of ridiculous comments and press coverage in Italy they will be well placed for next year.
I'm expecting some passionate fire them all responses, but you show me any sporting team that had no consistency and a long run of wins over many years.
The fact is Ferrari missed the wdc slightly to one of the greatest ever f1 cars. The rb was on rails last year....
Simple motto. Grow a pair, move on, come back stronger next year and try to win it.
While he completely deserves to be in the car, and his presence will keep the 2 Torro Rosso drivers "on their toes", I don't think it's massively fair to whichever driver has to sit out Friday practice. The TR car is not a good car and unless they've been going through the bins at Red Bull, I don't expect their 2011 car to be much better. So driving a difficult car, sitting out a Friday session AND still being told to perform well or you'll be replaced, is not a fun situation for a driver.
And while Torro Rosso is a nursery for the Red Bull team, it's never really going to be a worthwhile team in its own right is it? The instant an engineer or driver starts to look like a star, Red Bull will just move them up. Torro Rosso will never be allowed to progress. I know that has always happened with the bigger teams buying up talent, or swapping trucks for young drivers, but while a billionaire might buy up Sauber and make them a solid team, I just don't think TR will ever get that chance, even though they're part-owned by the Red Bull bank account.
James would you be able to do a post on the up and coming f1 drivers. Im interested in the potential of drivers like Paul Di Resta, who again seems to be impressing in the DTM and I reckon should have an F1 seat.
If the Friday practise swap had been around 18 months or so ago, maybe Brendan Hartley would now be in a position to take Webbers seat should it fall vacant in 2012, instead of having him stand around doing nothing at each circuit for 6 months!
I dont think Red Bull will be calling Hartley back any time soon. He may be driving in the reanult 3.5 series or gp2 this year but not under red bull backing
Is it really all that positive that entry into F1 appears to be increasingly dependent in being part of Red Bull's junior programme? Would the likes of Alonso and Raikkonen have made it into F1 at all under such circumstances, given that they were largely self funded in their junior days? It makes me wonder who is being overlooked in the junior formulae.
Hi James,
On another topic, I just watched a program called Factory Made where they show you how they make a molded Formula ? car seat. it was an interesting program. In this case they used a bean bag with some kind of glue & all of the air sucked out. this was placed in the car followed by the driver in all his gear who works his way into the seat. After @ 40 minutes he can get out. Eight hours later they cut the mold into three pieces taken out of the car & re assembled. then they added 300 computer scanning points & scanned it, the data then was sent to a CNC machine to cut the new seat out of the correct seat material. Are the F1 seats made the same way. I thought it was an amazing process!
All the best!
Being a dedidated F1 fan living in Perth,I am thrilled to see young Daniel getting a shot at F1.
Webber's F1 history shows this, great driver in second rate cars equates to poor driver because the majority of so called 'F1 fans' in Australia have no idea about the sport. It's very hard to try and explain to poeple in Australia that Webber would'nt still be in F1 if he didn't have talent.
My tip is Webber in a Ferrari(if he doesn't retire) as Alonso's No 2
in 2012 and Daniel in the Red Bull.
V8 supercars, not a bad catagory, very well promoted hence it's success.
This is only the second season that we have had live F1 qauly and race in Australia. We get very little insight into F1 on TV so it is hard to get people interested because they don't understand all the politics and behind the scenes action.
Coverage is getting better but we need a BBC style of coverage.
This is a little late but, Sebastian Vettels are born, not made.


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Part of a series on the
Kashmir |
Medieval period
Related articles
Kashmir portal |
Abhinavagupta | |
Born |
Shankara c. 950 AD Kashmir, India |
Died |
c. 1020 AD Mangam, Kashmir, India |
Titles/honours | Most distinguished exponent of the monistic Shaivism of Kashmir |
Guru | Śambhunātha, Lakṣmasṇagupta, Bhūtirāja, see masters section |
Philosophy | Kashmir Shaivism |
Abhinavagupta (Sanskrit: अभिनवगुप्त) (c. 950 – 1020 AD[1][2]) was one of India's greatest philosophers, mystics and aestheticians.[3] He was also considered an important musician, poet, dramatist, exegete, theologian, and logician[4][5] – a polymathic personality who exercised strong influences on Indian culture.[6][7] Abhinavagupta was strongly influenced by Buddhist logic.[8]
He was born in the Valley of Kashmir[9] in a family of scholars and mystics and studied all the schools of philosophy and art of his time under the guidance of as many as fifteen (or more) teachers and gurus.[10] In his long life he completed over 35 works, the largest and most famous of which is Tantrāloka, an encyclopaedic treatise on all the philosophical and practical aspects of Trika and Kaula (known today as Kashmir Shaivism). Another one of his very important contributions was in the field of philosophy of aesthetics with his famous Abhinavabhāratī commentary of Nāṭyaśāstra of Bharata Muni.[11]
- Life 1
Social background, family and disciples 2
- "Magical" birth 2.1
- Parents 2.2
- Family 2.3
- Ancestors 2.4
- Masters 3
- Lifestyle 4
Works 5
Religious works 5.1
- Tantraloka 5.1.1
- Tantrasara 5.1.2
- Devotional hymns 5.2
- Philosophical works 5.3
- Poetical and dramatic works 5.4
Religious works 5.1
- References 6
- External links 7
"Abhinavagupta" was not his real name, rather a title he earned from his master, carrying a meaning of "competence and authoritativeness".[12][13] In his analysis, Jayaratha (1150–1200 AD)[14] – who was Abhinavagupta's most important commentator – also reveals three more meanings: "being ever vigilant", "being present everywhere" and "protected by praises".[15] Raniero Gnoli, the only Sanskrit scholar who completed a translation of Tantrāloka in a European language, mentions that "Abhinava" also means "new",[16] as a reference to the ever-new creative force of his mystical experience.
From Jayaratha, we learn that Abhinavagupta was in possession of all the six qualities required for the recipients of the tremendous level of śaktipāta, as described in the sacred texts (Śrīpūrvaśāstra):[17] an unflinching faith in God, realisation of mantras, control over objective principles (referring to the 36 tattvas), successful conclusion of all the activities undertaken, poetic creativity and spontaneous knowledge of all disciplines.[18]
Abhinavagupta's creation is well equilibrated between the branches of the triad (Trika): will (icchā), knowledge (jñāna), action (kriyā); his works also include devotional songs, academical/philosophical works[12] and works describing ritual/yogic practices.[19]
As an author he is considered a systematiser of the philosophical thought. He reconstructed, rationalised and orchestrated the philosophical knowledge into a more coherent form,[20] assessing all the available sources of his time, not unlike a modern scientific researcher of Indology.
Various contemporary scholars have characterised Abhinavagupta as a "brilliant scholar and saint",[21] "the pinnacle of the development of Kasmir Śaivism"[21] and "in possession of yogic realization".[12]
Social background, family and disciples
"Magical" birth
The term by which Abhinavagupta himself defines his origin is "yoginībhū", 'born of a yoginī'.[12][22] In Kashmir Shaivism and especially in Kaula it is considered that a progeny of parents "established in the divine essence of Bhairava",[23] is endowed with exceptional spiritual and intellectual prowess. Such a child is supposed to be "the depository of knowledge", who "even as a child in the womb, has the form of Shiva",[15] to enumerate but a few of the classical attributes of his kind.
His mother, Vimalā (Vimalakalā) died when Abhinavagupta was just two years old;[24][25] as a consequence of losing his mother, of whom he was reportedly very attached,[17] he grew more distant from the world and all the more focused only on the spiritual endeavour.
The father, Narasiṃha Gupta, after his wife's death favoured an ascetic lifestyle, while raising his three children. He had a cultivated mind and a heart "outstandingly adorned with devotion to Mahesvara (Shiva)"[24] (in Abhinavagupta's own words). He was Abhinavagupta's first teacher, instructing him in grammar, logic and literature.[26]
Abhinavagupta had a brother and a sister. The brother, Manoratha, was a well versed devotee of Shiva.[27] His sister, Ambā (probable name, according to Navjivan Rastorgi), devoted herself to worship after the death of her husband in late life.
His cousin Karṇa demonstrated even from his youth that he grasped the essence of Śaivism and was detached of the world. His wife was presumably Abhinavagupta's older sister Ambā,[28] who looked with reverence upon her illustrious brother. Ambā and Karṇa had a son, Yogeśvaridatta, who was precociously talented in yoga[29] (yogeśvar implies the meaning of "lord of yoga").
Abhinavagupta also mentions his disciple Rāmadeva as faithfully devoted to scriptural study and serving his master.[28] Another cousin was Kṣema, possibly the same as Abhinavagupta's illustrious disciple Kṣemarāja. Mandra, a childhood friend of Karṇa, was their host in a suburban residence; he was not only rich and in possession of a pleasing personality, but also equally learned.[30] And last but not least, Vatasikā, Mandra's aunt, got a special mention from Abhinavagupta for caring for him with exceptional dedication and concern; to express his gratitude, Abhinavagupta declared that Vatasikā deserved the credit for the successful completion of his work.[31]
The emerging picture here is that Abhinavagupta lived in a nurturing and protected environment, where his creative energies got all the support they required. Everyone around him was filled with spiritual fervor and had taken Abhinavagupta as their spiritual master. Such a supporting group of family and friends was equally necessary as his personal qualities of genius, to complete a work of the magnitude of Tantrāloka.
By Abhinavagupta's own account, his most remote known ancestor was called Atrigupta, born in Madhyadeśa {Manusmirti (circa 1500 BC, 2/21) defines Madhyadesh region as vast plains between Himalaya and Vindhya mountains and to the east of the river Vinasana (invisible Saraswati) and to the west of Praya}, in India and travelled to Kashmir at the request of the king Lalitāditya,[32][33] around year 740 CE .[34]
Abhinavagupta is famous for his voracious thirst of knowledge. To study he took many teachers (as many as 15, or even more!),[35] both mystical philosophers and scholars. He approached Vaiṣṇavas, Buddhists, Śiddhānta Śaivists and the Trika scholars.
Amongst the most prominent of his teachers he enumerates four. Vāmanātha instructed him in dualistic Śaivism,[36] Bhūtirāja in the dualist-cum-nondualistic school. Besides being the teacher of the famous Abhinavagupta, Bhūtirāja was also the father of two eminent scholars.[37]
Lakṣmasṇagupta, a direct disciple of Somānanda, in the lineage of Trayambaka, was highly respected by Abhinavagupta and taught him all the schools of monistic thought : Krama, Trika and Pratyabhijña (except Kula).[36]
Śambhunātha taught him the fourth school (Ardha-trayambaka). This school is in fact Kaula, and it was emanated from Trayambaka's daughter.
For Abhinavagupta, Śambhunātha was the most admired guru. Describing the greatness of his master, he compared Śambhunātha with the Sun, in his power to dispel ignorance from the heart, and, in another place, with "the Moon shining over the ocean of Trika knowledge".[38]
Abhinavagupta received Kaula initiation through Śambhunātha's wife (acting as a dūtī or conduit). The energy of this initiation is transmitted and sublimated into the heart and finally into consciousness. Such a method is difficult but very rapid and is reserved for those who shed their mental limitations and are pure.
It was Śambhunātha who requested of him to write Tantrāloka. As guru, he had a profound influence in the structure of Tantrāloka[39] and in the life of its creator, Abhinavagupta.[40]
As many as twelve more of his principal teachers are enumerated by name but without details.[41] It is believed that Abhinavagupta had more secondary teachers. Even more, during his life he had accumulated a large number of texts from which he quoted in his magnum opus, in his desire to create a synthetic, all inclusive system, where the differences of different scriptures be resolved by integration into a superior perspective.
Abhinavagupta remained unmarried all his life,[42] we do however know him to be an adept of Kaula and as such, used his energy (ojas) as a vital force, a constant source of shakti to power the spiritual nervous system he outlined in his works. This system involves ritual union between Purusha as (Shiva) and shakti, yet this union is essentially non-physical and universal, and thus for a master such as Abhinavagupta, he was always in communion with Shiva-Shakti. We can only speculate about whether he was physically chaste, and either answer to this question is not very meaningful in the context of his life and teachings. Abhinavagupta parallels Shiva as both ascetic and enjoyer.
He studied assiduously at least until the age of 30 or 35,[34] and to do that he travelled, but mostly inside Kashmir.[43]
By his own testimony, he had attained spiritual liberation through his Kaula practice, under the guidance of his most admired master, Śambhunātha.[40]
He lived in his home (functioning as an ashram) with his family members and disciples[44] and he did not become a wandering monk, nor did he take on the regular duties of his family.
Thus, Abhinavagupta lived out his life as a writer and a teacher.[38] His personality was a living realisation of his vision.[4]
In an epoch pen-painting he is depicted seated in Virasana, surrounded by devoted disciples and family, performing a kind of trance inducing music at veena while dictating verses of Tantrāloka to one of his attendees – behind him two dūtī (women yogi) waiting on him.
A legend about the moment of his death (placed somewhere between 1015 and 1025 depending on the source), says that he took with him 1200 disciples and marched off to a cave (the Bhairava Cave, an actual place known to this day), reciting his poem Bhairava-stava, a devotional work. They were never to be seen again, supposedly translating together in the spiritual world.[45]
Part of a series on |
Hinduism |
Text classification
Abhinavagupta's works fall into multiple sections: manuals of religious ritual, devotional songs, philosophical works and philosophy of aesthetics. Here are enumerated most of his works.[11] Bold type faced titles represent the most important ones.
Religious works
His most important work was Tantrālok, "Lok or Look, here, transliterates into "To throw) Light on Tantr", a synthesis of all the Trika system.[12] Its only complete translation in a European language – Italian – is credited to Raniero Gnoli, now at its second edition.[46] The esoteric chapter 29 on the Kaula ritual was translated in English together with Jayaratha's commentary by John R. Dupuche, Rev. Dr.[15] A complex study on the context, authors, contents and references of Tantrāloka was published by Navjivan Rastogi, Prof. of the Lucknow University.[47]
Another important text was the commentary on Parātrīśikā, Parātrīśikāvivaraṇa, detailing the signification of the phonematic energies and their two sequential ordering systems, Mātṛkā and Mālinī, was the last great translation project of Jaideva Singh.[48]
Tantrasāra ("Essence of Tantra") is a summarised version, in prose, of Tantrāloka, which was once more summarised in Tantroccaya, and finally presented in a very short summary form under the name of Tantravaṭadhānikā – the "Seed of Tantra".
Pūrvapañcikā was a commentary of Pūrvatantra, alias Mālinīvijaya Tantra, lost to this day. Mālinīvijayā-varttika ("Commentary on Mālinīvijaya") is a versified commentary on Mālinīvijaya Tantra's first verse. Kramakeli, "Krama's Play" was a commentary of Kramastotra, now lost. Bhagavadgītārtha-saṃgraha which translates "Commentary on Bhagavad Gita" has now an English translation by Boris Marjanovic.[49]
Other religious works are: Parātrīśikā-laghuvṛtti, "A Short Commentary on Parātrīśikā", Paryantapañcāśīkā ("Fifty Verses on the Ultimate Reality"), Rahasyapañcadaśikā ("Fifteen Verses on the Mystical Doctrine"), Laghvī prakriyā ("Short Ceremony"), Devīstotravivaraṇa ("Commentary on the Hymn to Devi") and Paramārthasāra ("Essence of the Supreme Reality").
Devotional hymns
Abhinavagupta has composed a number of devotional poems, most of which have been translated into French by Lilian Silburn:[50]
- Bodhapañcadaśikā – "Fifteen Verses on Consciousness";
- Paramārthacarcā – "Discussion on the Supreme Reality";
- Anubhavanivedana – "Tribute of the Inner Experience";
- Anuttarāṣṭikā – "Eight Verses on Anuttara";
- Krama-stotra – an hymn, different from the fundamental text of the Krama school;
- Bhairava-stava – "Hymn to Bhairava";
- Dehasthadevatācakra-stotra – "Hymn to the Wheel of Divinities that Live in the Body";
- Paramārthadvādaśikā – "Twelve Verses on the Supreme Reality" and
- Mahopadeśa-viṃśatikā – "Twenty Verses on the Great Teaching".
- Another poem Śivaśaktyavinābhāva-stotra – "Hymn on the Inseparability of Shiva and Shakti" was lost.
Philosophical works
One of the most important works of Anhinavagupta is Īśvarapratyabhijñā-vimarśini ("Commentary to the Verses on the Recognition of the Lord") and Īśvarapratyabhijñā-vivṛti-vimarśini ("Commentary on the explanation of Īśvarapratyabhijñā"). This treatise is fundamental in the transmission of the Pratyabhijña school (the branch of Kashmir Shaivism based on direct recognition of the Lord) to our days. Another commentary on a Pratyabhijña work – Śivadṛṣtyā-locana ("Light on Śivadṛṣṭi") – is now lost. Another lost commentary is Padārthapraveśa-nirṇaya-ṭīkā and Prakīrṇkavivaraṇa ("Comment on the Notebook") referring to the third chapter of Vākyapadīya of Bhartrihari. Two more philosophical texts of Abhinavagupta are Kathāmukha-tilaka("Ornament of the Face of Discourses") and Bhedavāda-vidāraṇa ("Confrontation of the Dualist Thesis").
Poetical and dramatic works
Abhinavagupta's most important work on the philosophy of art is Abhinavabhāratī – a long and complex commentary on Natya Shastra of Bharata Muni. This work has been one of the most important factors contributing to Abhinavagupta's fame up until present day. His most important contribution was that to the theory of rasa (aesthetic savour).
Other poetical works include: Ghaṭa-karpara-kulaka-vivṛti, a commentary on "Ghaṭakarpara" of Kalidasa; Kāvyakauṭukavivaraṇa, a "Commentary to the Wonder of Poetry" (a work of Bhaṭṭa Tauta), now lost; and Dhvanyālokalocana, "Illustration of Dhvanyāloka", which is a famous work of Anandavardhana.
- ^ Triadic Heart of Shiva, Paul E. Muller-Ortega, page 12
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 27
- ^ "Abhinavagupta – the Philosopher".
- ^ Key to the Vedas, Nathalia Mikhailova, page 169
- ^ The Pratyabhijñā Philosophy, Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, page 12
- ^ Companion to Tantra, S.C. Banerji, page 89
- ^ Andre Padoux. Vac: The Concept of the Word In Selected Hindu Tantras. SUNY Press, 1990. page 180 "One knows that the thought of such authors as Abhinavagupta was strongly influenced by Buddhist logic."
- ^ Doctrine of Divine Recognition, K. C. Pandey, page V
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 35
- ^ a b Luce dei Tantra, Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta, Raniero Gnoli, page LXXVII
- ^ The Krama Tantricism of Kashmir; Navjivan Rastogi, page 157
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 92
- ^ a b c The Kula Ritual, As Elaborated in Chapter 29 of the Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta; John R. Dupuche, page 4
- ^ Luce dei Tantra, Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta, Raniero Gnoli, 1999, page 3
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 21
- ^ Re-accessing Abhinavagupta, Navjivan Rastogi, page 8
- ^ Re-accessing Abhinavagupta, Navjivan Rastogi, page 10
- ^ a b Īśvara Pratyabhijñā Kārikā of Utpaladeva, Verses on the Recognition of the Lord; B. N. Pandit, page XXXIII
- ^ Luce dei Tantra, Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta, Raniero Gnoli, page 3
- ^ Re-accessing Abhinavagupta, Navjivan Rastogi, page 2
- ^ a b Luce dei Tantra, Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta, Raniero Gnoli, page 4
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 31
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 30
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 22
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 23
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 25
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 26
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 28
- ^ The Kula Ritual, As Elaborated in Chapter 29 of the Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta; John R. Dupuche, page 3
- ^ a b Triadic Mysticism, Paul E. Murphy, page 12
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 33
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 34
- ^ a b The Kula Ritual, As Elaborated in Chapter 29 of the Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta; John R. Dupuche, page 7
- ^ The Triadic Heart of Śiva, Kaula Tantricism of Abhinavagupta in the Non-Dual Shaivism of Kashmir; Paul Eduardo Muller-Ortega, page 1
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 35,54
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 32
- ^ The Kula Ritual, As Elaborated in Chapter 29 of the Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta; John R. Dupuche, page 6
- ^ Īśvara Pratyabhijñā Kārikā of Utpaladeva, Verses on the Recognition of the Lord; B. N. Pandit, page XXXIV
- ^ Triadic Mysticism, Paul E. Murphy, page 13
- ^ Luce dei Tantra, Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta, Raniero Gnoli, 1999
- ^ Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi
- ^ Para-trisika-Vivarana, Jaideva Singh
- ^ Abhinavagupta's Commentary on the Bhagavad Gita, Boris Marjanovic
- ^ Hymnes de Abhinavagupta: Traduits et commentés, Lilian Silburn
External links
- Muktabodha Online Library – containing many of Abhinavagupta's works in Sanskrit including Tantrāloka
- GRETIL: a collection of Abhinavagupta's works in original, also containing other Kashmir Shaivism texts
- Four biographical articles on Abhinavagupta by Swami Lakshman Joo, Prof. K. N. Dhar, R. K. Jalali and Geetika Kaw Kher
- Another Bibliography of Abhinavagupta by "The New Yoga"
- Aspects of Abhinavagupta's Theory of Scripture by David Peter Lawrence
- EngvarB from August 2014
- Use dmy dates from August 2014
- Articles needing POV-check from June 2013
- EngvarB from May 2014
- Use dmy dates from May 2014
- Hindu philosophers
- Indian philosophers
- Indian writers
- Kashmiri Shaivites
- Kashmir Shaivism
- Kashmiri writers
- 11th-century philosophers
- Year of birth unknown
- 1020 deaths

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Mary Jane A. Bohunicky and Thomas J. Smith exchanged wedding vows on Dec. 12, 2012, in an outdoor ceremony in Canal Park in Northampton.
The double ring ceremony was performed by Northampton Mayor Thomas Reenock.
Stefanie Bohunicky, daughter of the bride, and Larry DeFluri attended the couple.
Mrs. Smith is employed by Lehigh Valley Health Network in Allentown.
Mr. Smith is employed by Step By Step in Wilkes Barre.
The couple will reside in West Hazleton.


text:
Sustainability means that a process or state can be maintained at a certain level for as long as is wanted.
One of the most often-cited definitions of sustainability is the one created by the Brundtland Commission, led by the former Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland. The Commission defined sustainable development as development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."[1]
Sustainability relates to the connection of economic, social, institutional and environmental aspects of human society, as well as the non-human environment.[2] Sustainability is one of the four Core Concepts behind the 2007 Universal Forum of Cultures. Sustainability also means that your something is always the same and does not change.
Other pages[change | change source]
Notes and References[change | change source]
Footnotes[change | change source]
- ↑ United Nations. 1987. "Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development." General Assembly Resolution 42/187, 11 December 1987. Retrieved: 2007-04-12
- ↑ Bridge, C. "Universal design impacts housing sustainability: Cost-benefit evidence." The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences. Retrieved on: July 26, 2007.
References[change | change source]
- ^ Leone, M. (2005). "The Quest for an Environmental Metric: Gazing at weather systems, a ground-breaking scientist spawned an ecological accounting standard that Wall Street might one day embrace". CFO Publishing. http://www.cfo.com/printable/article.cfm/5300667?f=options.
- ^ Jain, R. (2005). "Sustainability: metrics, specific indicators and preference index". Clean Techn Environ Policy 7: 71-72. http://www.springerlink.com/media/h4d4779uuq0yynfhktb6/contributions/t/2/2/5/t225524055312t88.pdf.
Bibliography[change | change source]
- Allen, P. (Ed) 1993. Food for the Future: Conditions and Contradictions of Sustainability. ISBN 0-471-58082-1 Paperback. 344 pages.
- AtKisson, A. 1999. Believing Cassandra, An Optimist looks at a Pessimist's World, Chelsea Green Publishing., White River Junction, VT
- Bartlett, A. 1998. "Reflections on Sustainability, Population Growth, and the Environment—Revisited" revised version (January 1998) of paper first published in Population & Environment, Vol. 16, No. 1, September 1994, pp. 5–35.
- Benyus, J. 1997. Biomimicry: Innovations Inspired by Nature, William Morrow, New York
- Brown, M.T. and Ulgiati, S 1999. Emergy Evaluation of Natural Capital and Biosphere Services, AMBIO, Vol.28, No.6, Sept. 1999.
- Brundtland, G.H. (ed.), (1987), Our common future: The World Commission on Environment and Development, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
- Costanza, Robert, Lisa J. Graumlich, and Will Steffen (eds.), (2007), Sustainability or Collapse? An Integrated History and Future of People on Earth, The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-03366-4.
- Dalal-Clayton, B. (1993) Modified Eia And Indicators Of Sustainability: First Steps Towards Sustainability Analysis, Environmental Planning Issues No.1, International Institute For Environment And Development, Environmental Planning Group.
- Daly H. 1996. Beyond Growth: The Economics of Sustainable Development. Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN 0-8070-4709-0
- Daly H. and J. Cobb. 1989. For the Common Good: Redirecting the Economy Toward Community, the Environment, and a Sustainable Future. Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN 0-8070-4705-8 Review
- Dean, J. W. (2006). Conservatives Without Conscience. New York: Viking Penguin.
- Ekins, P. (Ed.). (1986). The Living Economy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
- Hargroves, K. and M. Smith (Eds.) 2005. The Natural Advantage of Nations: Business Opportunities, Innovation and Governance in the 21st Century. ISBN 1-84407-121-9, 525 pages. Earthscan/James&James. (See the books online companion at www.thenaturaladvantage.info)
- Hawken, Paul, Lovins, Amory and Lovins, L. H. 1999. Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution, Earthscan, London (Downloadable from www.natcap.org)
- International Institute for Sustainable Development (1996) Global Tomorrow Coalition Sustainable Development Tool Kit: A Sample Policy Framework, Chapter 4.
- Jarzombek, Mark. "Sustainability—Architecture: between Fuzzy Systems and Wicked Problems," Blueprints 21/1 (Winter 2003), pp. 6–9; and LOG 8 (Summer 206) 7-13.
- Kriegman, O. 2006. Dawn of the Cosmopolitan: The Hope of a Global Citizens Movement. Boston: Tellus Institute.
- Lane, R. E. (1991). The Market Experience. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Marks, N., Simms, A., Thompson, S., and Abdallah, S. (2006).The (Un)happy Planet Index. London: New Economics Foundation. Downloadable from www.neweconomics.org
- McDonough, W. & Braungart, M. (2002). Cradle to Cradle. North Point Press
- Nelson, E. H. (1986). New Values and Attitudes Throughout Europe. Epsom, England: Taylor-Nelson.
- Rajan, C. 2006. Global Politics and Institutions. Boston: Tellus Institute.
- Raskin, P., Banuri, T., Gallopin, G., Gutman, P., Hammond, A., Kates, R., and Swart, R. 2002. Great Transition: The Promise and Lure of the Times Ahead. Boston: Tellus Institute.
- Raven, J. (1995). The New Wealth of Nations: A New Enquiry into the Nature and Origins of the Wealth of Nations and the Societal Learning Arrangements Needed for a Sustainable Society. Unionville, New York: Royal Fireworks Press; Sudbury, Suffolk: Bloomfield Books.
- Richardson, B.J. and Wood, S. (eds) (2006). Environmental Law for Sustainability: A Reader, Hart Publishing, Oxford.
- Robèrt, Karl-Henrik. (2002). The Natural Step Story: Seeding a Quiet Revolution. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers.
- Shah, H., & Marks, N. (2004). A Well-being Manifesto for a Flourishing Society. London: New Economics Foundation.
- Sinclair, Fiona, D. (2007). "What is Sustainability"
- Steffen, Alex (2006). Worldchanging: A User's Guide to the 21st Century. Abrams, New York.
- Trainer, F. E. (Ed.). (1990). A rejection of the Bruntland Report. International Foundation for the Development of Alternatives Dossier, 77, May-June, 71-85.
- Unruh, G. (2000). Understanding Carbon Lock-in, Energy Policy, Volume 28, Issue 12, October, 817–830.
- Unruh, G. (2002). Escaping Carbon Lock-in, Energy Policy, Volume 30, Issue 4, March, 317-325.
- Yankelovitch, D., Zetterberg, H., Strumpel, B., Shanks, M., et al. (1983). Work and Human Values. New York: Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies.
- Young, L. & J. Hamshire 2000. Promoting Practical Sustainability. Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID), Canberra Australia, ISBN 0-642-45058-7. Free copies available at AusAID Public Affairs, GPO Box 887, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Other websites[change | change source]
- Encyclopedia of Earth: Sustainability
- (ISC) The Institute for Sustainable Communication—Dedicated to raising awareness and capacity for the sustainable use of print and other communication media.
- Grant Thornton International Business Report Energy & Environment focus
- Worldchanging—the (award-winning) largest sustainability blog in the world.
- Choosing Green—video portal featuring content on sustainable building and architecture.
- Inside Green Business—A leading trade publication providing news and analysis on sustainability and the greening of industry.
- Sustainable Community Action Wiki—for anyone interested in action toward local sustainability, but especially ordinary people and community groups. Seeks to link up community and personal action for sustainability worldwide.
- SustainLane US City Rankings A flyover tour and comparative sustainability ranking of the 50 largest US cities.
- SustainLane Government Urban sustainability "best practices" database (public) and peer network (private; government practitioners).
- Appropedia, an active wiki on sustainability, appropriate technology and international development.
- interrupcion*—A community of organizations and individuals working together to promote sustainability, social responsibility.
- Decision Theater—Helping policy makers to address sustainability issues through visualization, simulation and collaboration.
- Foundation for Sustainable Development—Sustainable Solutions for the Developing World.
- SustainUS The U.S. Youth Network for Sustainable Development
- Green Progress—Green building and sustainable development news.
- One Planet Living
- WWW—Virtual Library—sustainable development—links.
- iNSnet—Portal site for sustainable development.
- Sustainability Now—Many references on Sustainability—from an engineering perspective.
- Self Help Development International SHDI is an Irish agency engaged in promoting long term sustainable development projects in Africa.
- Sustainable Living Foundation
- Sustainability reports portal—for downloading or ordering Sustainability reports
- Sustainability news coverage—from American Public Media.
- A series of articles on college sustainability programs in The Chronicle of Higher Education
- Marion Institute Dedicated to promoting innovative, practical and replicable solutions to a wide range of environmental and social-justice challenges at the root-cause level.
- "The Next Green Revolution" article on sustainability in Wired Magazine.
- Global Scenario Group—convened in 1995 to examine the scientific requirements for a transition to a sustainable planetary society
- Sustainability Comix Focusing on political, economic and cultural factors.
- What is Sustainability by Brian Kermath
- Living on a finite earth and climate change Fact sheets on more sustainable living and reducing greenhouse gases.
- Sustainability blog from the Powerhouse Museum, Sydney
- Sustainable Design Forum
- Sustainable Farming Method
- Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy—ejournal.nbii.org: a peer-reviewed, open access journal that provides a platform for the dissemination of new practices and for dialogue emerging out of the field of sustainability.


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'Why Women Still Can't Have It All:' What's Wrong With Sticking a Baby in a Briefcase?
Women still can't have it all, at least according to Anne-Marie Slaughter's new Atlantic cover story.
The article basically details women's difficulties with career-family balance, but says that better balance ("having it all") can be achieved if broad societal changes take place.
As with any article that makes bold claims about men and women's changing roles -- such as other Atlantic covers "The End of Men" and "What, Me Marry? (All The Single Ladies)" -- Slaughter's work is generating lots of talk. Some -- including Feministing's Jessica Valenti -- have taken issue with the cover art and not necessarily the content. "I haven't read the piece (it's not out yet) and for all I know is a scorchingly awesome piece of feminist writing," she wrote earlier this week. "But the headline/art/cover is just too awful and (knowingly) plays into the anti-feminist cliche the search for work/life balance is greedily trying to have 'it all.'
She then collected some of her "favorite images that are often the art in these kinds of articles: The mean/frazzled/distracted working white mom" to illustrate, as Forbes' Bryce Covert puts it, "the tired trope of the woman who fails to balance work and family."
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But is this actually true?
Let's start with some context.
Remember these two recent covers:
Now, we're not saying that the Atlantic cover is OK because these other two covers are so much worse: We're saying it doesn't commit the kinds of grave errors these other covers do.
The Newsweek mommy porn annoys because the photo -- a blindfolded hot chick -- arguably distracts us from having a meaningful discussion about BDSM's role in culture.
The Time mommy porn merits criticism because that image -- a "MILF" breastfeeding a toddler -- is played up to be super weird that all we can do is talk about that, rather than thoughtfully examine attachment parenting.
On the other hand, the Atlantic cover doesn't seem to take away from article itself and doesn't seem to perpetuate stereotypes about working moms, as claimed.
To be perfectly clear, we have no problem calling bullshit on offensive images.
Even as a woman who is very tuned in to this kind of stuff and who frequently writes about gender issues -- OK, I'm ditching the 'we,' here -- I don't see what the big deal is.
Again, it's not the most innovative aesthetic -- there are a gagillion stock photos just like that -- but nothing about that particular picture screams: "Women who work are bad parents! You can't have it all!"
I'm not even sure if the hurried, harried moms in other depictions are that much of an issue, either.
My reasoning on this one isn't all too formal, but here it is: My mom was a working mom and as un-P.C. as it sounds to some, she looked like these photos during my early childhood -- kid on her hip, briefcase in hand, constantly on the verge of insanity. She looked even more like the photos when she went back to school to complete her degree. So did other working moms I knew growing up. So to me, something like a briefcase baby next to a woman in a suit is just a simplistic visual way of showing this juggling act.
Let me emphasize: I'm not saying it's OK to stereotype people because some people happen to fit stereotypes -- and I'm def not saying that all working moms look like this or should necessarily be portrayed this way, etc.
However, I don't buy that this imagery conveys "mean feminist mommies," as Valenti puts it, as much as (badly) tries to convey the difficulties of balancing our work and non-work lives.
The Atlantic's cover doesn't suggest that it's impossible or necessarily play "into the anti-feminist cliche," as Valenti incorrectly says. Sure, it's uncreative, but that's about its worst offense.
Follow Victoria Bekiempis @vicbekiempis.
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Friday, November 21, 2008
Different Last Names
My friend, Brent, is part of a movie club called Film Movement that delivers top-notch indie films to his doorstep each month.
He's quite a busy fellow, so he has a backlog of 40 or so films (egad!). When I'm in town for consulting, we usually watch one or two of them.
There's always a bonus short film on the disk, and the one above (Something Other than Other) is worth a looksie.
As a side note, the couple ends up giving their child a hyphenated last name (they each have their own last names). It made me give some more thought to how Matt and I are going to handle our different-last-name situation once we have kids.
I guess we have already faced this dilemma with our dog. His name is Hoss Cotner-Bradford. You can find him on Facebook. But hyphenated names are not ideal. I think they become cumbersome and the temptation becomes to drop one of them.
I just don't know.
23 comments:
- AmyJean said...
My FH and I have discussed this and unfortunately my last name of Chung and his of Fry doesn't make for a pretty hyphenated situation(ChungFry?). He says I can do as I please, but the kids are getting "Fry" which I am more than ok with, but my friends tease me with how weird "Chung Fry" sounds... and it does, but its starting to grow on me. lol
- November 21, 2008 at 8:24 AM
- Irishker said...
My FH and I have also discussed this and he already has a hyphenated name and I'm not sure that I really want to take it as my own. We have talked about making our own new last name out of the letters of our current last names. It certainly makes for a very fun evening. Although, I'm not really certain he's going to go for it in the end...
- November 21, 2008 at 8:44 AM
- EliandMe said...
My partner and I already have a child together (our wedding is next May). When our baby was born, he was my precious thing and there was no way in hell he was having any last name but my own. And then the time came to 'officially' register him as a real person. And I realised that he wasn't mine, he was ours. And my future husband had already been excluded from so much - he couldn't grow a baby, he had the wrong equipment to breastfeed, he missed out on those first few nights when we were stuck in hospital - that it didn't seem fair to exclude him from this. And I wanted him to know how much I trusted him and how I thought he would be a really good dad. So we gave our baby my partners last name. And I am no less his mother for having a different last name.
What I am basically trying to say is that if you decide not to go down the hyphenated route (no matter which name you choose)... well, you know those are your kids and they know that they are your kids.
Also, I think ChungFry rocks as a last name. - November 21, 2008 at 9:26 AM
- Katie said...
We are seriously thinking of combining are names. Mine is Van Schaick, his is Gaffaney... to create Van Gaffaney. Sounds elite, right?! We joke about it all the time, but I think it'd be awesome.
I had a teacher once who, instead of hyphenating, combined the names.. I can't remember what it was, but it flowed well. - November 21, 2008 at 10:10 AM
- DCKate said...
I've heard of couples giving the boys the Dad's last name, and the girls the Mom's last name, which is kind of neat. You could also do some combo of your names, like Cotford or Bradner. They both sound like regular last names!
- November 21, 2008 at 11:13 AM
- Ruthie said...
I think hyphenated names are pretty cumbersome. Usually kids with hyphenated names pick one to go by most of the time anyways, (at least that's what the kids in my class do). I guess in general, unless a woman has a strong cultural tie to her last name, or its the last of that family's progeny, I figure following culture and giving the father's last name is the best choice. But it should be a decision made for each individual couple, because lots of elements affect that kind of decision.
- November 21, 2008 at 11:15 AM
- Kathleen said...
My DH and I have 2 kids (we had the boys actually before we were married) but they have my husbands last name of Madison and my last name of Munson as their 2nd middle name. The kids are old enough now (16 and 17) where they appreciate their names. I thought it was a good compromise.
- November 21, 2008 at 11:47 AM
tough one...my fiance and i were planning to go with my last name (it's fun, and his is all consonants), until his dad got cancer... and then we realized his dad would be rather devastated if his son didnt carry his name on...i know its outdated and partriachal, but i decided it was worth it to take the boy's last name. i am keeping my fun last name as my 2nd middle name...and maybe, someday, we will use that ;)
- November 21, 2008 at 1:52 PM
- Michele said...
I hyphenated and it is indeed cumbersome. But I felt a strong pull to have our daughters identify with my last name as well as their father's. The compromise we came up with is that they each have four names, first, middle and then my last name and his, not hyphenated, just an extra middle name basically. It is a very middle of the road compromise (if not a perfect one) because they have one functional last name but they will grow up knowing they are just as much luecking as sunman.
- November 21, 2008 at 2:37 PM
- The ex-expat said...
A good friend of mine did a biological coin toss, boys get the dad's name, girls the mothers.
- November 21, 2008 at 3:54 PM
- Hanna said...
Yes, like Irishker, my partner already has a hyphenated name. His parents both kept their names, and he and his brother got the hyphenated last name. I love my last name, but I do want us to share a last name, but I feel a little sad about just sharing his last name, and he would feel sad about just sharing my last name, and we don't want to hyphenate three last names, and his parents are divorced so it would be especially hurtful to drop one of his last names... So he suggested that we keep our names and one kid gets his mom's last name, one kid gets his dad's last name, and one kid gets my last name (which is my dad's last name). But what if we don't have/want three kids? And should my mom get her own kid too? And isn't it sort of sad to split up the kids like that?
Maybe we should just all have first names. :D - November 21, 2008 at 6:39 PM
- This Girl Asia said...
Take it from a kid with a hyphenated name: Don't. Do. It.
It's so tedious to get ANYTHING done because if you leave out that hyphen, you can mess yourself up in so many ways that it's just as tedious to correct it.
Icelandic kids get their mother's maiden name. Food for thought. - November 22, 2008 at 7:08 PM
OMG! I wish people could just get over themselves. Since when did the last name get so tied to everyone's ego? After all, since the beginning of time "rules" have been followed concerning the last names of children according to the culture of that country. Trust me. As a teacher, those hyphenated names are COMPLETELY dropped when the child goes to school, friends drop them for nicknames, they're too long to fill out on bubble-forms, AND someone in the family is still going to get their feelings hurt over the whole thing. We live in America for crying out loud. Just do the cultural thing and use the man's last name!!
- November 23, 2008 at 9:10 PM
- Jessica said...
One bit of practical advice, if you use both last names, use a hyphen (or two). I work in an academic library, and the number of citations a professor has in major database is super imporant. Currently we are trying to fix a problem for a professor with two last names that just have a space betwen them. Some citations treat it like a middle name, some have a hyphen some have no space, none are correct. If you think your kids is going to be a smarty pants academic, keep it simple.
- November 23, 2008 at 10:27 PM
- This Girl Asia said...
Anon, since when is it American culture to give a child the man's last name? America isn't even a culture in and of itself. There are plenty of kids I went to school with that had both, had their mothers, had their fathers.
There's no one way to do it and who cares if we live in America? - November 24, 2008 at 8:24 AM
Come on Asia! You can't define "American Culture?" Try talking to someone from another country and they'll fill you in....American culture typically is seen by those outside of America as those who think their ideas are the right ones, their opinions are the only ones, and that everyone should try to emulate us. We could even be called obnoxious! My point was that hypehnated names are not embraced by most people outside the family who has given that name. I don't think it matters so much WHICH name the child has, mom's or dad's, but one is definitely easier for him to deal with. Check out some of the comments from those with "hyphenated experience" who agree.
- November 25, 2008 at 10:37 AM
- Brady said...
I lived most of my life with a hyphenated last name, until 18 when I took the first part of the last name as my first name (Brady) for mostly professional reasons.
Until 18, I and my family fiercely defended the hyphen: our family had one name. And it was both our parents. And it was nice.
With my partner, who has a very simple name (more popular than Smith, probably). We decided to combine our last names, with no hyphen (because hyphens and spaces screw up databases. they shouldn't, but they do.)
So our new name will be
which is sort of pretty.
Our hypothetical children can choose what they want their adulthood names to be. But their family name is unified. Which is nice. - December 2, 2008 at 12:32 AM
- This Girl Asia said...
Anon, did you just skip the entire part of the comment where I said I had a hyphenated name?
Parents should do what's best for THEIR family, not what will make American "Culture" easier. - December 3, 2008 at 7:37 AM
No, I didn't skip the part about your hyphenated name....that's why I'm surprised that you seem inclined to argue with me over the subject (or maybe you're just bristling at my "American culture" comment, which was intended as a response to your Icelanic cultural thing). Did you miss the part in my last comment where I suggested simply choosing ONE last name (again, I'm pretty sure you and I are in agreement here!) and I think Brady's comment is the perfect solution; combine both names into a new one. Sorry if I touched a nerve somewhere....that wasn't the intention! - December 8, 2008 at 11:56 AM
I went to school with a set of twins with hyphenated last names (both their mother and father kept their original last names, I think for professional reasons). Both of the twins and their younger sister have kept their name hyphenated to this day (they're all in their twenties), and it was never a big deal to anyone.
Although I will add that both names were short (one syllable), which probably made hyphenation easier. - December 31, 2008 at 4:48 AM
- Charlotte said...
I had a hyphenated name and hated it. It was my step-dad's name anyway. I dropped it as soon as I could.
I've taken DH's name and kept all of my previous names. I have four names like George H.W. Bush. Sometimes it's tough but so what?
A friend married a man with a super-ordinary name - let's call him Matt Smith. He ended up dropping Matt, making Smith his first name, and taking her last unusual name as his. I thought that was extremely sweet and honored his family while keeping things simple.
Do what works. - March 17, 2009 at 3:14 PM
- rainy_day said...
My last name is very important to me, and I am not going to change it. Hyphenating my name with FH's would be a terrible combination.
We've discussed, for future kiddos, giving boys his name, girls my name. I'm actually more partial to giving boys my name and girls his name. But we'll cross that bridge when we come to it. - May 8, 2009 at 2:13 PM
- Cowgirl said...
Wow, people have very passionate feelings about this. I never thought the hyphen mattered either way, but with a hyphen it's one name and alphabetized by that name. I ended up with mom's name, brother with dad's, but that was less a conscious decision than the fact that they weren't married and when I was born, mom says unwed mothers were given a different form to fill out. (The judgement that implies is staggering).
A friend's family started out with dad's last name, then ended up hyphenated during the divorce. He rocks the hyphen and seems to enjoy it. Both are short, mom's is pretty common and dad's was just an unusual spelling. He has the rap down. "I'm Joe Mom-Dadd, that's MomHYPHEN-D-a-d-d." Doesn't seem to phase him.
His siblings ended up dropping one name or another --to become Jill Mom and Bill Dad -- for different reasons. Their younger sibs are FirstName Mom Stepdad (no hyphen). I never met a family that loved each other more, so names aren't everything.
Mom's/my last name is ridiculously common, bro with likely carry on dad's, so I have no pressure to carry it on. I never thought I'd get married and I didn't believe in women changing their names. I plan to keep my name, if only for professional reasons. I might consider adding his on due to the confusion with annoying day to day stuff.
Rich people have been using maternal last names as first and middle names for centuries, why can't we? - October 12, 2009 at 2:53 AM


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See awesome photos of construction on the Empire State Building
Warning: These mind-blowing shots of the in-progress Empire State Building, via Buzzfeed, could cause dizziness.
Tue Jul 9 2013
Photograph: Lewis Wickes Hine/New York Public Library
Get ready for spine-tingling chills courtesy of these stunning vintage shots of the Empire State Building under construction in the 1930s. (It seems that hard hats and harnesses weren't required when work on the 102-story building took place.) Take a look at the incredible photographs from the New York Public Library's digital collection, where you can see the city's fearless workers toiling, balancing and just hanging out over a dizzyingly distant Manhattan.
Head over to BuzzFeed for the full, vertigo-inducing gallery.
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We've got 1 definition for HUSTLE »
What does HUSTLE stand for?
What does HUSTLE mean? This page is about the various possible meanings of the acronym, abbreviation, shorthand or slang term: HUSTLE.
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What does HUSTLE mean?
- bunco, bunco game, bunko, bunko game, con, confidence trick, confidence game, con game, gyp, hustle, sting, flimflam(noun)
- a swindle in which you cheat at gambling or persuade a person to buy worthless property
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"HUSTLE." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2017. Web. 30 Mar. 2017. <http://www.abbreviations.com/HUSTLE>.


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Friday, October 21, 2011
No on 1183
5 comments:
I'm sorry but your blog is so far from the truth, its not helping your cause in anyway... If costco wins, then retailers can buy direct, allowing you to have access to sell to retailers via relationships that you develop. It opens up your market and Costco has the balls to go out and try to get it done. What they open up for you allows you to grow. Saying you don't want to swap a monopoly for another 800lb gorilla is tunnel vision. You are responsible for selling your own wine.
ReplyDeleteBy the way, my post was not meant to be disrespectful, I do understand the pain and labor of love that small boutique winemakers experience. It sucks, its just that sometimes it takes a big fish to open up waters for the small fish to swim freely. That's really my position on the deal. I doubt you'd really want to sell to Costco anyways as there probably isn't much profit in that avenue.
ReplyDeleteAdding to what Personal Wine said. Retailers are not allowed to shop directly to the wineries, only people that have space of 10,000 sq ft or more. I actually am a wine merchant and this was one of the reason we wanted the bill to fail. How fair is it that only people with 10,000 sq ft can get a discount but my store and its whopping 1100 sq ft cannot?
We now have big-box stores coming in and they will will WOW you with all these great prices while the little guys will be shut down. Oh but let me guess..you'll never shop at the big-box store cause you support the local people. Give it up. You really think any of the money people spend at these stores will have an affect on the local scene? No, it will just take away customers from wine merchants like myself who actually know what they are selling.
Congrats on taking out the state but giving it to more corporate.


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Is Colton boltin'?
"Teen Wolf" costar Colton Haynes is reportedly leaving the show, according to Us Weekly.
A source tells the magazine that Haynes will not be returning to the MTV series for the third season, which begins filming Dec. 3.
"Colton is leaving Teen Wolf," the source told Us. "It's not that he didn't want to return because he did. It's that the heads of the show wanted to limit him to only appearing on half the season — 12 episodes, not 24."
Haynes, 24, appeared to confirm the news in a Tweet Thursday.
"These past few yrs have been the best of my life," he wrote. "I'm sad that this chapter has ended, but excited for a new one to begin. Thx for the love."
Haynes plays Jackson Whittemore on the MTV remake of the 1985 Michael J. Fox movie. His character transformed into a werewolf in the Season 2 finale, but it is unclear how (or if) his character will be written off the show.
Click here to use xfinity.com/tv to DVR "Teen Wolf"
In Other MTV Star News, Apparently Snooki Is a Great Mom!
[iframe http://xfinitytv.comcast.net/watch/CelebTV/7964745431482661112/2289401742/Snooki-Is-A-Great-Mom!/embed 580 476]


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