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Does the US Presidential Election Impact the Stock Market?
There's a lot of uncertainty about the outcome of this US presidential election. That uncertainty extends to the impact of US elections on stock prices, judging by the voluminous and often contradictory research on the topic.
"Over the past century, which party occupies the White House has had no discernible or consistent impact on US equity markets," writes Russ Koesterich, CFA, global chief investment strategist for BlackRock's iShares ETF business. "Presidential election years generally have coincided with favorable markets, particularly when the incumbent party wins," says T. Rowe Price. In a 2008 blog posted titled "Presidential Elections and the Stock Market," Pete Davis concluded that "most of the studies show quite an advantage for equities following the election of Democrats, but a Federal Reserve study concludes there is no consistent relationship if you correct for market volatility and test back to 1852."
The most frequently cited paper, according to Davis, is a 2003 article in the Journal of Finance by Pedro Santa-Clara, professor of finance at the Nova School of Business and Economics, and Rossen I. Valkanov, professor of finance at the Rady School of Management at UC San Diego. Davis noted:
[The authors] found 9% higher stock market gains for large stocks in Democratic administrations since 1928. However, Santa-Clara and Valkanov did not correct for swings in market volatility or examine periods before the Depression, when market volatility was lower. In a 2004 paper, two Federal Reserve economists, Sean Campbell and Canlin Li, made those corrections and found that the 9% higher return dropped to 4%. They concluded that market returns don't track with which party wins presidential elections.
A more recent article, "How Political Conventions Affect Stocks," noted that in the 16 presidential election years since 1948, the S&P 500 rose during 11 Republican conventions (as measured from the start to the end of the convention), according to a report by S&P Capital IQ. In contrast, stocks made gains during only seven Democratic conventions.
Below is a list of additional articles that examine the link between US presidential elections (and administrations) and stock market performance.
Do Election Cycles Sway the Markets?
- In "7 Fascinating Facts About How US Presidents Affect The Stock Markets," editor Sam Ro briefly annotates several oft-repeated statements such as: "the third year of a President's terms is usually the best for stocks" and "since 1900, only five presidents have seen stocks rise more than 50% during their term." (Business Insider, March 2012)
- A survey of US members conducted by CFA Institute poses this simple question: Will the outcome of the election have an effect on the economy? A larger-than-expected 80% of survey respondents say that it will have an important impact on the economy going forward. Good news for people hoping something, anything really, gets going in Washington to remedy our economic malaise. (Market Integrity Insights, October 2012)
- In this podcast, Robert Stammers, CFA, talks to Michael Gayed, CFA, a co-portfolio manager at Pension Partners, to get a sense of what may happen after the election. Gayed often comments on macroeconomic trends and their effect on the capital markets. (Inside Investing, October 2012)
- The last seven months of an election year almost always boost stockholders' portfolios, with the market having delivered positive returns for S&P 500 stockholders in all but two election years since 1952, according to "Presidential Elections are Good for Stocks, But …" (Christian Science Monitor, February 2012)
- In a client note, Goldman Sachs offers "3 Reasons Why US Investors Should Take Election Cycles Very Seriously." First, the political stakes in presidential, parliamentary, or legislative elections often translate into changes in policies that can reshape the economic environment. Second, the regularity with which elections take place in most countries may give place to cyclical patterns in government and investment behavior. And third, elections can markedly increase political and social uncertainty. These three factors have the potential to affect all asset classes, especially equities, given their strong sensitivity to changes in the economic outlook. (Business Insider, February 2012)
- In "Electoral Maths: Presidential Elections and the S&P 500," FT editor John McDermott addresses the performance of US equities in past election years and the implications for 2012. (FT Alphaville, December 2011)
- Back in 2010 — two years into President Obama's term — Jeremy Grantham, the chief investment strategist at GMO, noted that despite precarious economic growth and the fact that stocks weren't all that cheap, in the near term, there was a good chance that the market would rally. Why? Because at the time, the US was "entering the sweet spot of the presidential election cycle" and "it's very hard to bet against it." As the reporter noted in "A Presidential Reason to Buy Stocks," "a cottage industry has sifted the data going back more than a century and found that the stock market has generally done much better in the second half of a president's four-year term than in the first." (The New York Times, October 2010)
- In "The Presidential Term: Is the Third Year the Charm?" the authors respond with a decisive yes, noting that their research shows "equities have generally prospered in the second half of a president's term and especially during the third year." (Journal of Portfolio Management, Winter 2008)
- But in a recent radio interview, Rodney N. Sullivan, CFA, head of publications at CFA Institute and editor of the Financial Analysts Journal, told listeners that while it is "indeed true that under years three and four of a presidential cycle that stock markets tend to do better," the data have been "misused or abused." He offered two powerful counterexamples: In 1933, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt's very first year, stocks rose more than 50%. Under President Herbert Hoover's third year, stocks fell almost 50%. "What really drives performance in market is not the presidential cycle, it's really the overall macroeconomy," Sullivan said. (Enterprising Investor, 2012)
- The authors of the 2008 paper "Financial Astrology: Mapping the Presidential Election Cycle in U.S. Stock Markets" examined nearly four decades of stock returns and found that U.S. stock prices closely followed the four-year presidential election cycle. Stock prices generally fell during the first half of a Presidency, reaching a trough in the second year, and rose during the second half of a presidency, reaching a peak in the third or fourth year. (Social Science Research Network, October 2008)
- In "Stock Market, Economic Performance, and Presidential Elections," the authors utilized stock market and economic data from more than a century to examine the relationships between post-Election Day market return and economic performance during the presidential term. The authors found that after-election market movement has become increasingly more accurate in predicting future GDP growth, but not future unemployment rates. (Journal of Business & Economics Research, Second Quarter 2014)
Does the Stock Market Pick the President?
- InvesTech Research of Montana says the stock market is the most reliable indicator of who will win the presidency and has been for more than 100 years, according to "Stock Market Picks 90 Percent of Presidential Elections." In other words, "the election is a reaction to the stock market." (US News & World Report, February 2012)
Does It Matter Who Wins the Election?
- A live chart ("GOP Smacked") created by the Economist suggests it does. As the subhead says: "America's stockmarket has gained more under Democratic than Republican presidents." (Economist, October 2012)
- Ron Rimkus, CFA, believes it is a fool's game to try and tie presidents and election cycles to stock market returns. In a blog post, "Elections and Stock Prices: Assessing the Impact Is an Exercise in Futility," he writes: "Oftentimes, we hear pundits ask: What US presidents were good for the stock market? How did the markets respond to a particular president? Or what political party has had more success in the markets? All of these questions are doomed to failure. Is it not possible for a president of one party to enact a policy typically favored by another party?" Rimkus notes that "most academic work ignores the vast differences and underlying nature of specific policies. So, the whole exercise of using statistical analysis to claim one party is better for the stock market than another is merely an exercise in . . . you guessed it . . . politics." (Enterprising Investor, 2012)
- Bloomberg News asserts that "Stocks Return More With Democrat in White House" based on the fact that the BGOV Barometer from Bloomberg Government showed that over the five decades since John F. Kennedy was inaugurated, $1,000 invested in a hypothetical fund tracking the S&P 500 only when Democrats were in the White House would have been worth $10,920 at the close of trading on 21 February 2012 (the day before the article ran). A $1,000 stake invested in a fund that followed the S&P 500 under Republican presidents, starting with Richard M. Nixon, would have grown to $2,087 on the day that George W. Bush left office. (Bloomberg News, February 2012)
- "The Market and Presidential Promises" is a handy primer on presidential election cycle theory, which was developed by Yale Hirsch (creator of the Stock Trader's Almanac) and is based on historical observations that the stock market follows, on average, a four-year pattern that corresponds to the four-year election cycle. For another take on how politics can affect the stock market, see "For Higher Stock Returns, Vote Republican Or Democrat?" (Investopedia, September 2011 and October 2010, respectively)
- A 2011 paper, "Resolving the Presidential Puzzle," explores whether there is a risk-based explanation for higher returns during Democratic presidencies compared with Republican presidencies. Their findings show that the market exhibits higher returns when Democrats control the presidency, with smaller companies experiencing the most significant improvement. (CFA Digest, Summer 2011)
- Larry McDonald, the senior policy strategist for the investment firm NewEdge, appeared on "Markets Now" to share three portfolios for investors to look at depending on who wins the election: the Obama portfolio, the Romney portfolio, and the fiscal cliff portfolio. (Lawrence McDonald's blog, video)
Have you seen any interesting articles on how the presidential elections affect stock market performance? Share the links below.
Editor's Note: This post was updated 9 September 2015.
If you liked this post, don't forget to subscribe to the Enterprising Investor.
All posts are the opinion of the author. As such, they should not be construed as investment advice, nor do the opinions expressed necessarily reflect the views of CFA Institute or the author's employer.
White House photo from Shutterstock.
12 comments on "Does the US Presidential Election Impact the Stock Market?"
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Loved it as you made it short and simple.Thanks for such a wonderful information I am looking forward to read your informative post.
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A well-written, well-researched, concise and balanced article – how refreshing. As a short-term trader I was searching for the immediate impact of the announcement but this was good to stumble on.
Thank you for your informative article. This reminded me of another article that I read on statistics of past presidential effects on the market:
You'll have to decide for yourself which party did better in the long run.
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Great info. Lucky me I came across your blog
by accident (stumbleupon). I have book-marked it for later! - Pingback: Stock Market And Presidential Election Cycle | Penny Stock Tips
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Transcript from an interview with Professor Daniel Kahneman and Vernon Smith on 12 December, 2002. Interviewers are Profesor Karl-Gustaf Löfgren and PhD Anne-Sophie Crepin.
Welcome. I'm Karl-Gustaf Löfgren, Professor of Economics at the Umeå University. Next to me is Anne-Sophie Crepin who holds a PhD in Economics from Stockholm University. Together we have the pleasure of interviewing the winners of the 2002 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in memory of Alfred Nobel. The winners are Professor Daniel Kahneman from Princeton University and Professor Vernon Smith from George Mason University. Professor Kahneman is a psychologist who has changed the way economists think about decision making and, in particular, decision making under uncertainty. Professor Smith has taught economists how to conduct and learn from experiments like in the sciences and I'll ask you Anne-Sophie to ask the first question. Please go ahead.
Well Professor Kahneman, what made you decide to become a scientist?
Daniel Kahneman: I wanted to be a philosopher actually and I decided, I became interested in psychology as a substitute for philosophy, as a way of answering questions about the human condition but answering them by looking at facts rather than by discussing words. So that's how I became a psychologist.
And Professor Smith, your answer too?
Vernon Smith: Actually I was interested in philosophy at one point. This is before I really was seriously into my undergraduate training, so it was just a reading interest of my own and I read Sir James Jeans' Physics and Philosophy and Sir Arthur Eddington's books and Burton Russell; I was interested in science and philosophy and originally I expected to study science and I went to Caltech for that reason and I did study physics and would have taken my degree in physics, my undergraduate degree, except for one hurdle.
To take the degree in physics you had to take Smyth's course, a famous course that was very, very hard to get through. By taking my degree in electrical engineering I didn't have to take Smyth's course but I took everything else in physics. So I took electrical engineering because I chickened out and I wanted to finish on time. But I got interested in economics as a senior; I took a course in economics and at the time I thought, well you know, this just looks like physics and little did I know how deceptive that was. But anyway that was my naïve view at the time.
Well if we turn to your research. I mean one of you has shown that people are frequently irrational in their economic decision making and the other has shown that the market mechanism works efficiently, at least in the lab. How would you reconcile these seemingly different views, I mean both of you?
Vernon Smith: Question to me?
To both of you.
Vernon Smith: Well, let me begin. I think it's fairly simple. In experimental economics we have three classes of results. We have situations in which people do better for themselves as individuals and as a group and is predicted by economic theory. Ok. I call that super rationality. We have a second class of results where the predictions of economic theory do very well and they conform and I'll come back to what those are shortly and thirdly we have results which people do not do as well as predicted by theory. The first is in two person extensive form games. We use the term personal exchange there. Too many people cooperate relative to the predictions of the economic, not everyone in single play games but up to half and so we have to come to terms with that. The experiments where the theory of markets does extremely well is where we're talking about production and consumption markets; flows. We think of consumers as daily or regularly enjoying the value from what they buy in markets and producers regularly incurring a cost to produce that.
Those markets, if you study them in the lab are remarkable efficient and although their ability to converge to the equilibrium predicted by the theory varies with the institution, they basically all function quite well but the third class of phenomena where the predictions are not good is in what we call asset markets or capital markets and there's an inherent uncertainty in stock markets and we capture that in these laboratory games and those do not converge quickly and easily to what you might call rational expectations equilibrium. If you hold the environment constant for kind of 3 times back, and now we're talking about 6 hours of experiment, it gets home, ok, but that's not very inspiring or encouraging because the world out there it doesn't stand still while people look for the rational expectations equilibrium. So does that help to clarify?
Yes, I think so. Professor Kahneman?
Daniel Kahneman: Well the first comment I would make is about the word irrationality as characterising the research that we have done. I never think of myself as having demonstrated irrationality. There is a definition of rationality within the contest of economic theory or decision theory more broadly, which is a completely unrealistic conception of a human agent with a complete preference order about all states of the world, with a Bayesian set of beliefs about all possible states and this defines rationality in the context of economic theory.
Now as a descriptive hypothesis this is a totally implausible hypothesis and, you know, it is fairly easy to show that that hypothesis isn't true and we've been doing that, my late colleague Amos Tversky and I, and many others. It's also not particularly interesting to show that it isn't true because it's so easy to do. We have been able to show some of the ways in which people depart from this ideal of rationality but this is not irrationality. People are reasonable, they're prudent agents. It's just that the definition of rationality that is used in economic theory is, I think, a very implausible definition and it fails descriptively and we have been able to document some of these failures and explain them.
Both of you have worked in the frontier between different fields; economics and psychology and natural sciences with experiments. What kind of difficulties or what kind of challenges did that implement for you?
Vernon Smith: Well, I think if you are curious about some of the things we observe in economics and you want to better understand this phenomena, whether it's in a laboratory or the field, I really think you have to reach outside of economics because economics, although it has an incredible body of technique it's developed and the methodology that has value it's much too, I think, restrictive to embrace the range of observations. So you have to reach outside and actually if you go back to the Scottish philosophers, David Hume and Adam Smith, they were not narrowly oriented in the way that we often think of as modern economics. Adam Smith had huge breadth. He wrote the definitive History of Astronomy, 18th century. He was probably the first great post Newtonian scientist and he wrote on other aspects of human sociality besides just what has become known as economics narrowly construed.
I guess he was a philosopher of moral philosophy wasn't he?
Vernon Smith: Well, yes and of course we didn't have a clear delineation of the fields like we have now. Well I think a lot of the work on experimental economics points us back to that period and a need to pick up on some of the inspiration that was behind people like Smith and Ferguson and Hume and others and I hope in fact my work will help to encourage that, not because they had it right, it's because we know a lot more, obviously, after 200 years but there's certain themes there that we've lost, that we've sort of abandoned and that's unfortunate.
Professor Kahneman?
Daniel Kahneman: Amos Tversky and I started working together on the field of judgment and decision making and we were just doing psychology. So we were not intending to talk across the disciplines but eventually, and that came as a bit of a surprise to us, the work that we did was, to some extent, influential in economics. I mean this is of course why the prize is given because of the influence. Now what is remarkable to me about this is actually both the ease and the difficulty of communicating across disciplines. In our case I think we've had a very easy time. You know, it's not that economists have flocked to the ideas that we're bringing, you know, behavioural economics is a minority movement and not everybody is convinced of its value but by and large I would say that, you know, I have been quite surprised by, you know 20 years is a short time for ideas to have an effect and, you know, our ideas have had whatever influence they've had relatively quickly.
What impresses me is how chancy this is, that is this is entirely accidental, that is the communication if we had published exactly the same paper, which is cited in the award prospect theory, if we'd published that word for word in Psychological Review, in the Journal of Psychological Theory there would have been no Nobel Prize for this work today. So it was because it happened to be published in Econometrica that this happened.
But also the most cited paper in Econometric ever.
Daniel Kahneman: Yes, but in part it is a very highly cited paper. I should add, you know, this doesn't make it all that influential in economics because most of the people who cite the paper are not economists. So I don't know how many economists cited it; it's a well known paper in economics as well but if it had been published in another discipline it would simply not have had an impact and I think this is in part what Vernon is saying, economists do not spontaneously look outside the discipline. So if you look at the journals that are cited in the economics literature they tend to be economics journals. So we were quite lucky, you know, in the sense that publishing in Econometrica and we did that because it was the prestige journal for decision theory at that time. We thought we had a good paper and so we sent it to the best journal that would publish it and we were then lucky in a completely different way in that a young and very brilliant economist, Richard Thaler, read about our work actually before it was published and was influenced by it and he really, not we, developed behavioural economics. So it was his doing and it was through his work that our work became known and he deserves a great deal of the credit for, you know, what's happened since.
Ok. Before we leave the research side of things, I mean you published your award winning papers before 50. Is there a life in research after 50 or is economics a young man's game like mathematics?
Vernon Smith: Well I think that's probably not unusual across most of the prizes although I'm just conjecturing that that's probably true. Certainly Albert Einstein had some of his basic instincts before he was of age and particularly I think that's true in physics but it's young minds that tend to get inspired. I think it also has to do with the sociology of professional work. It's young people who chart new courses that change things. It's not the existing scientific community that suddenly has a transformation and, you know, my friend Paul Samuelson points out that science progresses funeral by funeral.
Daniel Kahneman: Well, I mean to your question of whether there is life after 50, I certainly hope so. I think Vernon has done some of the work that, you know, has done wonderful work in very recent years so there may be life after 70 and, you know, to some extent this again is accidental and is self selection, that is if you are going to have people who are going to have important ideas, they may have them fairly early in their career and then they spend the rest of their careers elaborating on these ideas and so it looks as if, you know, people have their best ideas early on but that's because they spend the rest of their lives working on them and I think, you know, this happens to most people who have one important theme to develop.
Vernon Smith: Well I think young people are sort of maybe more likely to make technical or mythological breakthroughs but just looking at my own history I didn't really appreciate the full ramifications at the time I was doing that work. I didn't come close to it and I think that can come with maturity so that the contribution you can make after aged 50, and I hope after age 75, is perhaps a different type of contribution than one makes when you're younger.
Daniel Kahneman: Yes, I would echo that. It takes a long time to understand what you've been saying. So, you know, you say it first and then, over the years, you understand what it was that you really meant because you don't know that immediately. In my particular case I was fortunate because there were two of us and that process of understanding what we said worked faster because we understood each other but when you work alone, understanding what you're saying is a long drawn process.
Vernon Smith: Well and I recognise, understood early that a component of what I was doing had to do with institutions and rule systems but I didn't begin to understand it the way I now do and a lot of that understanding came from interacting with other people over the years, Charlie Plott is a prime example, and also Martin Shubik, he and I are exactly the same age. I think I've known Martin for over 40 years, I think about 45 years and we often exchanged ideas, having to do with institutions and Martin was very interested in and that interchange was very valuable to me even though we never worked together and of course I worked with Charlie Plott and a lot of our insights came working together.
What kind of advice would you give to young people considering a research career?
Daniel Kahneman: Oh, you know, there are lots of pieces of advice. I tell my graduate students that if they don't fall asleep thinking about work, you know, then they're not working hard enough actually, you know, so that's the first piece of advice that you would give them and the second one is to try not to get trapped in uninteresting problems just because you began them. So one of the important things to have in science is to avoid the sunk cost fallacy, just to keep going with something just because you began it and have made an investment. So the ability to just make a quick turn when you've had an idea that looks better and drop everything else and follow the best idea that you have at the moment, that is certainly one of the thing that I think worked for me and I think it may work for other people as well.
Professor Smith?
Vernon Smith: Yes, I would echo that. Don't follow the path of least resistance. Be prepared to break the informal rules. You have to of course live in your environment and so there's a limit to how far you can go in breaking the rules. I was interested in experimental economics long before I could really make a living at it so I did other things and I didn't get tenure doing experimental economics, I got it doing other things but I returned to experimental economics and one of the problems can be that in getting tenure you develop all these bad habits and then you can't get out of doing the bad habits, which is doing what's easy, you know, following your sunk cost and doing trivial kind of extensions of that.
Daniel Kahneman: And trying to salvage failures, that is when something is not working there are people who spend a lot of time trying to get something out of an experiment just because they did it. I'm sure that's good advice to avoid that.
Vernon Smith: I think young people in economics are well advised to read widely outside of economics too and I think fairly narrowly within economics is good enough because the theories tend to be very similar anyway. Once you sort of get that basic model it's better to ... I read Science and I read Nature, those 2 magazines, they're weeklies. I can't follow everything in them but I do find things in there that intrigue me.
Daniel Kahneman: This is unusual, you know, in economics. 18 years ago when we first came to Berkeley, George Akerlof invited me to co-teach a course with him and we taught a course on economics and psychology and there are two things to be said about that course. One is, he didn't get credit for teaching it because it was considered a frivolous thing to do and the other one was that he kept advising and warning the students not to be seduced by it because he thought it could ruin their careers if they followed that path. So he would tell them, you had better stick to what he called meat and potatoes economics and, you know, you can afford to do those strange things after you get tenure.
Vernon Smith: Too late, he'd formed all his bad habits.
Well how important has it been to you? I mean your scientific result can be applied to, what did Nobel say, to the benefit of mankind? I mean you followed your track, you found something that was interesting and pursued that?
Daniel Kahneman: I would say that the conscious sense of doing something that could be truly beneficial, well I had that early on when I thought that people could be educated to think, you know, more closely and these efforts of mine have not been rewarded. In recent years I'm consciously trying to do something for the benefit of mankind and this is to develop new and better measures of human welfare and human wellbeing that could be applied as another measure of how society is doing and I'm doing that with collaborators, including an economist at Princeton, Alan Krueger, and that is truly with the idea of trying to do something that could be useful to policy making.
You have something to say Vernon?
Vernon Smith: Well, I've become more interested, particularly in the last 20 years roughly as against the first 20 years, in utilising what we've learned about markets to do a better job of helping to design markets in new areas where people don't have any experience, any field experience and I think the laboratory is a very useful tool for allowing people to get experience. It doesn't provide the final experience and the final answers but the point is it is experiential and it gives people an opportunity to try out and test bed new rule systems, practitioners for example, and we found business and government, in some situations, very receptive to that. In governments, particularly in New Zealand and Australia, with respect to the liberalisation of electric power and I think we've seen in the California fiasco how bad things can be if you don't think about some fundamental issues and furthermore, in that case, a lot those issues had long been studied in the laboratory and in fact influenced New Zealand and Australia but we didn't have an opportunity to have that much influence in California. It isn't that we didn't communicate with any of the people that might have made a difference, it's just that we couldn't convince them or influence them enough. And also it turned out to be far worse than even we would have imagined as to the consequences of really not getting some elementary features of these markets right.
Daniel Kahneman: They need some help. Many years ago when we were studying failures of rationality in judgement and decision making I thought, you know, that there was a contribution to be made, for example to government decision making or to making political decisions but 25-30 years ago that was a period when the discipline of decision analysis looked extremely helpful and hopeful and it seemed as if the combination of psychology and decision analysis could be very, very useful. It has not been. I mean by and large I think this has been a failure and the reasons are quite interesting. The reasons are that the leaders do not want the help, that is the people who make decisions, important decisions, by and large do not want the kind of help that decision analysis or decision aids have to offer that we would think, you know, would certainly improve the quality of decision making. So there is a great deal of resistance and that, by itself, is quite interesting, that it's been 30 or 40 years, you know, since decision analysis was first proposed and, by and large, very little has happened.
Well, after this interesting word I would like to thank you on behalf of the Nobel Foundation for giving this interview. Thank you very much both of you.
Daniel Kahneman: Thank you very much.
Vernon Smith: It's a pleasure to be here.
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Those familiar with Pakistan's history will be most likely to appreciate this elaborate tribute to Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the man who created the Muslim nation in the wake of Great Britain's relinquishment of control over India. The story begins on a fantastical note, as an ailing Jinnah (Christopher Lee) expires and then finds himself in a heavenly place awaiting final judgment on his deeds. That could take some time, for the celestial...more
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from his high and etherial abode
he watched her fiery birth
and through the millenia her growth-awesome and …


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Dwarf Shrimp Rainbow Combo Pack: 3 Red Cherry Shrimp, 3 Neon Yellow Shrimp, 3 Amano Shrimp
$ 29.95
A combo pack that includes three of each of our Sakura Red Cherry shrimp, Neon Yellow shrimp, and Amano shrimp.
Add a rainbow of color to your aquarium with this dwarf shrimp combo pack! This is perfect for small aquariums, and it's a good way to get 3 colors of shrimp without paying more for the individual shrimp. Each type of shrimp features fantastic coloration that is sure to stand out in any aquarium.
All 3 of these varieties can live in the same parameters. They are shipped out as young adults and are already of breeding age. After breeding for some time, these shrimp will form a rainbow-colored colony of shrimp that work as a very effective cleaning crew for your tank in regards to algae and other waste.
Included in this pack is the following:
- 3 Sakura Red Cherry Shrimp: These shrimp feature a deep red coloration that contrasts particularly well with green plants. We ship out young adults that range from 1/2 to 3/4 inch long.
- 3 Neon Yellow Shrimp: These are a brilliant yellow that adds cheer and charm to any aquarium set-up. We ship out young adults that range from 1/2 to 3/4 inch long.
- 3 Amano Shrimp: These shrimp grow about twice as large as dwarf shrimp, attaining a maximum size of over 2 inches in length! Their bodies are translucent with a bluish tint, and are covered in small, dark red dots. We ship out young adults that range from 1/2 to 1 1/2 inches long.
- pH level range: 6.0 - 8.0
- Temperature range: 65° - 82° F (18° - 28° C)
- Water type: Soft to hard
- Recommended Aquatic Arts tank mates: Other types of dwarf shrimp (such as Indian Tiger Shrimp, Amano Shrimp, etc.), various types of snails (such as Nerite Snails, Sulawesi Snails, etc.). They can also be kept with small to medium-sized, non-aggressive fish.
- Additional notes: These 3 types of dwarf shrimp are among the easiest types to care for. Dwarf shrimp prefer to live in tanks with live aquatic plants (such as java moss, willow hygro, green cabomba, etc.). This is because dwarf shrimp like the cover that plants provide, they love to graze on the plants for algae, and the plants help keep the water clean for them.


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Channel Sponsor - Coding/Billing/Collections
Sponsored by National Medical Billing Services | firstname.lastname@example.com | (636) 273-6711
Survey: 41% of Consumers Lack Confidence in the Accuracy of Their Medical Bills
The survey, compiled by Decipher Research for Intuit Health in Jan. 2010, polled 1,000 American adults online. The survey found that 57 percent of respondents have seen at least one medical bill go to a collection agency, and 45 percent of respondents wait more than a month to pay their medical bills. Fifty percent still send a paper check in the mail.
Around 25 percent of respondents were unsure whether to pay the physician or the insurance company. Seventy percent said they are somewhat or very concerned about managing their healthcare bills in 2011 — the same percentage as last year.
Read the Intuit release on the second annual HealthCare Check-Up Survey.
Read more on medical bills:
-Balance Billing Anesthesia Patients Who Go Out of Network
-6 Best Practices for Ensuring Full Payment From Patients
-5 Ways to Improve Your Revenue Cycle Process in 2011
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1 Lord Christ, when first You came to earth,
Upon a cross they bound You,
And mocked Your saving kingship then
By thorn with which they crowned You;
And still our wrongs may weave You now
New thorns to pierce that steady brow,
And robe of sorrow round You.
2 O wondrous love, which found no room
In life, where sin denied You,
And, doomed to death, must bring to doom
The power which crucified You,
Till not a stone was left on stone,
And all a nation's pride, o'erthrown,
Went down to dust beside You.
3 New advent of the love of Christ,
Shall we again refuse You,
Till in the night of hate and war
We perish as we lose You?
From old unfaith our souls release
To seek the kingdom of Your peace,
By which alone we choose You.
4 O wounded hands of Jesus, build
In us Your new creation;
Our pride is dust, our vaunt is stilled,
We wait Your revelation.
O Love that triumphs over loss,
We bring our hearts before Your cross;
Come, finish Your salvation.
Text Information | |
First Line: | Lord Christ, when first You came to earth |
Title: | Lord Christ, When First You Came to Earth |
Author: | Walter Russell Bowie (1928, alt.) |
Publication Date: | 1990 |
Meter: | 22.214.171.124.8.8.7 |
Scripture: | Matthew 27:28 |
Language: | English |
Tune Information | |
Name: | MIT FREUDEN ZART |
Meter: | 184.108.40.206.8.8.7 |
Key: | D♭ Major |


text:
Penname: | Mixie | Member Since: | 2004.11.25 |
Track This Author: | |
Stories Posted: | 4 |
Reviews Posted: | 12 |
Favorite Author of: | 15 |
I enjoy creative writing and am an aspiring journalist. Im not the best writer, but hopefully you'll enjoy my stories. please read and review :) |
|< 1>|
: James Potter's Challenge by Mixie
Short story My name is Lily Evans. For those of you who don't know me...well I go to Hogwarts. I'm your average girl with an above average stalker. He goes to great lengths to get noticed by me. Believe me...I notice him. But that isn't a good thing. This is my story. The story of my last year at Hogwarts. The story of my stalker, James Potter, and how I became his challenge. Genres: Romance, Humor Characters: Dumbledore, James, Lily, Lucius, OC, Remus Lupin, Sirius Black, Snape Pairings: James/Lily Advisory: Mild Language, Mild Violence, Scenes of a Sexual Nature Published: 2005.05.06 Latest Chapter: 2006.02.26 Updated: 2006.02.26 Status: WIP (9696 words) |
: Who needs love? by Mixie
One-shot Love is such a complex thing. It has no substance, no shape, no form, but yet it is the most sought after feeling in the entire world. Can a girl who doesn't believe in love or soul mates be proved wrong by the right guy? This is a story that takes a deep look into the mind of one eighteen year old girl and her quest for avoiding love. Genres: Romance Characters: Dumbledore, James, Lily, Narcissa, OC, Peter Pettigrew, Remus Lupin, Sirius Black, Snape Pairings: Others Advisory: Mild Language, Mild Violence, Scenes of a Sexual Nature, Substance Use or Abuse Published: 2006.02.21 Latest Chapter: 2006.02.21 Updated: 2006.02.21 Status: WIP (673 words) |
: Is this love? by Mixie
Novella Claire has always been friends with Sirius Black. But she doesn't want to be 'Friends' now...she wants something more. This fanfic is about Claire's last year at Hogwarts...and about her last chance at love. Genres: Romance Characters: Dumbledore, James, Lily, Lucius, Narcissa, OC, Peter Pettigrew, Remus Lupin, Sirius Black, Snape Pairings: Others Advisory: Mild Language, Mild Violence, Scenes of a Sexual Nature Published: 2005.06.10 Latest Chapter: 2005.09.15 Updated: 2006.02.07 Status: WIP (4150 words) |
: Love is bittersweet by Mixie
Short story Hermione hates Draco. Draco hates Hermione. It's they way things were meant to be. She thought he was a horrid piece of scum, he thought she wasn't worthy of any respect. Who would of believed that these two people from extremely different worlds could become friends, and fall in love? They sure didn't think it was possible, or logical. But who said that love had to make sense? Genres: Romance, General Characters: Draco, Dumbledore, Ginny, Harry, Hermione, OC, Ron, Snape Pairings: Draco/Hermione Advisory: Mild Language, Mild Violence, Scenes of a Sexual Nature Published: 2005.02.18 Latest Chapter: 2005.06.17 Updated: 2005.06.17 Status: WIP (10635 words) |


text:
There is an old bit of prose about how the Nazis came for the Jews, the Gypsies, gays, the handicapped, etc., and when they finally came for 'me,' there was no left to help me.
I have been vigilant in this blog about pointing out the eradication of free speech and civil liberties in this country. Earlier this year, 400 children were kidnapped by the government in Texas, and the 'outcry' was little more than ho-hum. After all, they were polygamists, so "it doesnt affect me."
Well, right now, in Minnesota, hours before the Republican convention, there is a wholesale trashing of the Constitution taking place. Will anyone care? Or does it not concern people because the victims are young, protesting, liberal college students?
The full, breaking, and constantly-updated story (with video) can be found at http://www.salon.com/opinion/greenwald/
But the crux of the matter is this: 25-30 officers, in riot gears, stormed houses, forced residents to the floor, confiscated computers, and handcuffed and detained people for 'fire code violations,' all because they had planned to protest the Republican National Convention. Using an obscure, never-used law against conspiracy to start a riot, the government has found an effective law that basically preempts any protest or speech it doesnt want to hear.
Is this Beijing? Tiannamen Square? Does anyone remember the Chicago Police Riots of the 1969 Democratic Convention? The Kent State debacle? Have we learned nothing?
I call on McCain, as the Republican candidate, to forcefully condemn what is happening in Minnesota.
NOW, Today. And I call on my fellow citizens to stop yawning, since it isn't 'them' being carried away.
Standing Rock Indigenous Women's Divestment Delegation to Norway Responds to DNB Divestment
. Photos 2 and 3 courtesy Michelle Cook. Michelle said today in Norway,
"Our delegation is doing a wonderful job of educating Norway on Indigenous
human ri...
1 hour ago


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I heard that we strongly condemned N Korea for this act. Obama is probably going to the UN now to get more sanctions against N. Korea. If I was N Korea I would be scared!
I heard that we strongly condemned N Korea for this act. Obama is probably going to the UN now to get more sanctions against N. Korea. If I was N Korea I would be scared!
CPR HRCH Scott's Sweet Brandy
HR UH Scott's Little Pistol JH (Annie)
Kankakee River HRC
NRA Life Member
"For everyone to whom much is given, of him shall much be required." -- Luke 12:48
Raven - Moneybird's Black Magic Marker***
(Esprit's Power Play x Trumarc's Lean Cuisine)
Mick - Moneybird's Jumpin' Jack Flash***
(Clubmead's Road Warrior x Oakdale Whitewater Devil Dog)
Peerless - Moneybird's Sole Survivor
(Two River's Lucky Willie x Moneybird's Black Magic Marker)
Yeah, lots of chatter today on the radio. I heard a little different...I heard only 8% of Afghan adults ever heard of 9-11. Same point.
If they haven't heard of 911, they're probably have other more malignant ideas about what we're doing there. That is a total failure of State (and to the extent they should be involved, the military) to win the minds of the Afghan people. The "Three Cups of Tea" author made it clear how to win this war on terror, and we're ignoring his advice.
God Bless PFC Jamie Harkness. The US Army's newest PFC, but still our neighbor's little girl!
not disputing that they havent heard of 9/11....but I would question the validity of the poll...what did someone go on camelback and ask the feudal warlords if they had heard about it...its not like they have Verizon or Sprint towers on every mountain, and I would guess that the 4g iPhone hasnt made it to the tribal highlands let alone the streets of the capitol..
When I was in SK in the winter of 2007-08, I had the chance to speak to quite a few GI's stationed up by "the line" during my trips into Seoul/Itaewon. The predominant opinion was that, if the North did a blitzkrieg attack, they had about 30 minutes to live. Our troops are basically a "speedbump" designed to slow the DPRK down just enough to weapons in the air.
But you've got to remember just how close Seoul, Inchon etc is to the North. Even without that blitz, the devastation to industry & infrastructure that could be caused by just by artillery, rockets & short range surface to surface missles would quickly be in the billions, crippling one of the thriving economies that is friendly to the US, not to mention the phenomenal loss of life. Seoul alone has a population of over 12 million people.
Think about how much SK production from Samsung, LG, Hyundai and so on drives our Western culture. Our troops and the money it costs to have them there are a small "insurance premium" compared to the effect on the world of losing the ROK. Imo, we get a lot more ROI on our money there than most places our troops are stationed.
Let's hope that both Obama and Lee Myung-bak have the wisdom to deal with KJI/KJU appropriately. A carrier battle group is pointless without the resolve to use it and is a lot different than authorizing SEAL snipers to shoot pirates. I doubt that PBO could/would do anything without China's permision so what does that say about who the real superpower is now?
"It's not that government is inherently stupid, although that's a debatable question."
Rand Paul CPAC speech 2011
I would rather be exposed to the inconveniences attending too much liberty than to those attending too small a degree of it. Thomas Jefferson to Archibald Stuart, 1791
Proud partner of (HR) WR SR Brian's 44Magnum Monster
co-owned by HR Rianne's 2nd Chance Hurricane Rebel
Even one of the Chinese diplomats referred to NK using aggressive threats like this to return to the negotiating table with chips stacked in their favor ... and getting more aid, and then bugging off again.What this really boils down to is that it marks the beginning of winter. The NK gooberment knows that due to the usual crop failures and failed policies that they have NOWHERE near the food to feed their people for the winter. So they need 2 things- a common enemy and the attention of the civilized world. Rattle the sabers and make all kinds of wild threats and sure enough the Western gooberments will crater and send them food at little or no cost. Been an annual event for nearly 50 years- worked every time.
"Know in your heart that all things are possible. We couldn't conceive of a miracle if none ever happened." -Libby Fudim
I don't use the PM feature, so just email me direct at the address shown above.
Julie R., Hope Springs Farm
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers since 1981
Your comments make a great deal of sense.
If North Korea really wanted a war, they would simply move their 1,000,000 member plus army over the border and that would be that. The only way to stop a shock-and-awe invasion would be the immediate use of tactical nuclear weapons. We know it. They know it. China knows it. Hell, everyone knows it. And then what?
Your comment about the China superpower thing was interesting and I'm not really sure what you are getting at. Are you suggesting because we coordinated a response with China we are not a superpower or because we coordinated a response with China they are a superpower?
It's A Nuclear Issue Regards,
Joe S.
"Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one's courage." - Anais Nin


text:
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text:
Trade unions are important as they donate to political parties.
Big business
Some big business and Government love to work together, business get special privileges in return for being agents of the Government. This is called corporatism. Essentially, corporatism is conspiricy against the public. Table 017 This page is awaiting more content, please feel free to submit some or visit a related page at:Forms of government Linkshttp://www.cityam.com/article/1382403491/corporatism-rigged-markets-and-new-ideological-showdown - Real free markets


text:
R. Johanan pointed out to R. Judah son of R. Simeon [the following objection: Have we not learnt]. A WOMAN [TRANSMITS HER ESTATE TO] HER SONS AND [TO] HER HUSBAND [BUT DOES NOT INHERIT FROM THEM]; AND MOTHER'S BROTHERS TRANSMIT [THEIR ESTATES TO THEIR NEPHEWS] BUT DO NOT INHERIT [FROM] THEM?1 — He replied to him: As to our Mishnah, I do not know who is its author!2 But why did he not say3 to him [that] it4 [may represent the views of] R. Zechariah b. Hakkazzab who does not expound, tribes?5 — Our Mishnah cannot be upheld as [representing the views of] R. Zechariah h. Hakkazzab, for it teaches, AND SISTERS'6 SONS. And a Tanna taught7 [that this implies] sisters'6 sons [only], but not sisters'6 daughters; and the question was asked,8 'In respect to what law?' And R. Shesheth answered, 'In respect of precedence'.9 Now, if it were assumed that our Mishnah was [a representation of the views of] R. Zechariah b. Hakkazzab. [it could rightly have been objected]: Surely, he said, 'Both a son and a daughter [have] equal [rights] in [the inheritance of] a mother's estate'!10 [As to] the Tanna of our [Mishnah], how are his views to be reconciled?11 If he expounds, tribes, a woman also should he heir to her son;12 if he does not, whence does he [deduce the law] that a son takes precedence over a daughter in [inheriting] his mother's property?13 — He does, in fact,14 expound, tribes,15 but here,16 [the case] is different, for Scripture says, And every daughter, that possesseth an inheritance17 [from which it is to he inferred that] she may inherit from,18 but not transmit19 to [her mother].20 MISHNAH. THE ORDER OF SUCCESSION21 IS AS FOLLOWS: IF A MAN DIE, AND HAVE NO SON, THEN YE SHALL CAUSE HIS INHERITANCE TO PASS UNTO HIS DAUGHTER.22 A SON TAKES PRECEDENCE OVER A DAUGHTER. ALL LINEAL DESCENDANTS23 OF A SON24 TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER A DAUGHTER.25 A DAUGHTER TAKES PRECEDENCE OVER THE BROTHERS.26 LINEAL DESCENDANTS27 OF A DAUGHTER [ALSO] TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER THE BROTHERS. BROTHERS TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER THE BROTHERS OF THE FATHER.25 LINEAL DESCENDANTS28 OF BROTHERS [ALSO] TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER THE BROTHERS OF THE FATHER.27 THIS IS THE GENERAL RULE: THE LINEAL DESCENDANTS OF ANY ONE WITH A PRIORITY TO SUCCESSION29 TAKE PRECEDENCE. A FATHER TAKES PRECEDENCE OVER ALL HIS DESCENDANTS.30 GEMARA. Our Rabbis taught: [It is written,] son,31 [from which] one only learns that32 a son [has a prior claim to heirship]; whence [may it he deduced that] a son of the son, or a daughter33 of the son, or a son of the daughter of the son [has the same rights]? — It is expressly stated, En lo34 [which is taken to imply], 'hold an enquiry35 concerning him'.36 [It is written] daughter,37 [from which] one only learns that32 a daughter [is next in succession to a son]; whence [may it he deduced that] a daughter of the daughter. and the son of a daughter and a daughter of the son of the daughter [have also the same rights]? — It is expressly stated, En lo34 [which is taken to imply], 'hold an enquiry35 concerning him'.36
Baba Bathra 115bIn what manner [is] this [enquiry carried out]? — [In a manner that] the estate may ultimately find its way1 to Reuben.2 Let him say. 'to Jacob'!3 — Abaye replied: We have it by tradition that no tribe would become extinct. R. Huna said in the name of Rab: Anyone, even a prince in Israel, who says that a daughter is to inherit with the daughter of the son, must not he obeyed; for such [a ruling] is only the practice of the Sadducees. As it was taught: On the twenty-fourth of Tebeth we returned to our [own] law;4 for the Sadducees having maintained [that] a daughter inherited with the daughter of the son, R. Johanan h. Zakkai joined issue with them. He said to them: 'Fools, whence do you derive this?' And there was no one who could reply a word, except one old man who prated at him and said: 'If the daughter of his son, who succeeds5 [to an inheritance] by virtue of his son's right, is heir to him, how much more so his daughter who derives her right from himself!' He6 read for him this verse, These are the sons of Seir the Horite, the inhabitants of the land: Lotan and Shobal and Zibeon and Anah,7 and [lower down] it is written, And these are the children of Zibeon: Aiah and Anah!8 — [But this] teaches that Zibeon had intercourse with his mother and begat Anah.9 Is it not possible that there were two [called] Anah? — Rabbah said: I would say something which King Shapur10 [could] not have said; — and who is he? — Samuel; others say [that it was] R. Papa [who] said: I would say something which King Shapur [could] not have said — and who is he? — Raba;11 'Scripture says: This is Anah, [implying]: The same Anah that was [mentioned] before' — He said unto him: O, master, do you dismiss me with such [a feeble reply]?12 — He said to him: Fool, - To Next Folio -


text:
Expanding the Dental Team
Studies of two private practices
Quick summary
Expanding the Dental Team looks at two private dental practices that employ dental therapists to increase access to dental care for underserved populations. It is the first report examining early cost impacts of a dental therapist on a private practice in the United States and how this type of provider functions in that environment on a daily basis.
Watch as Dr. John Powers discusses how the dental therapist in his rural Minnesota practice is helping families "get turned around in terms of their oral health" here.
1Institute of Medicine and National Research Council, Improving Access to Oral Health Care for Vulnerable and Underserved Populations (Washington: National Academies Press, 2011), 1, http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=13116.
2U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, "Find
Shortage Areas: HPSA by State & County," data as of April 8, 2013, http://hpsafind.hrsa.gov/; and U.S. Government Accountability Office, Efforts Under Way to Improve Children's Access to Dental Services, but Sustained Attention Needed to Address Ongoing Concerns (Nov. 2010), accessed Dec. 10, 2012, http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d1196.pdf.
3Pew Children's Dental Campaign, A Costly Dental Destination (Feb. 2012), 1, accessed Jan. 28, 2014, http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploadedFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/State_policy/Pew_Report_A_Costly_Dental_Destination.pdf.
4This figure counts children 1 to 18 years old eligible for the Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic and Treatment Benefit; See U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Annual EPSDT Participation Report, Form CMS-416 (National)Fiscal Year: 2011, accessed April 1, 2013, http://www.medicaid.gov/Medicaid-CHIP-Program-Information/By-Topics/Benefits/Early-and-Periodic-Screening-Diagnostic-and-Treatment.html; Analysis by The Pew Charitable Trusts.
5David A. Nash et al., "Dental Therapists: A Global Perspective," International Dental Journal 58 (2008): 61–70.
6This number is based on personal communications with state legislators and their staffs.
Related Items


text:
Programs for educators and students
- All
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- Educators
- For both
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A professional development experience designed to help educators from around the globe get the most from innovative Google technologies.
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Visit The WebsiteCoding is the new literacy - it carries the potential to create, to innovate, and quite literally change the world. This initiative is designed to inspire millions of girls to experience the power of code.
Visit The WebsiteGoogle RISE Awards are grants designed to promote and support extracurricular Computer Science education initiatives for K12/pre-university students around the world.
Visit The WebsiteThe Google Science Fair is a global competition open to 13-18 olds. Students submit a project online for a chance to win amazing prizes.
Visit The WebsiteCS4HS is an annual grant program promoting Computer Science education worldwide by connecting educators to the skills and resources they need to teach computer science & computational thinking concepts in fun and relevant way.
Visit The WebsiteGoogle after school program focused on increasing CS Education capacity of K-12 schools to improve student access and exposure to Computer Science (CS) Education.
Visit The WebsitePre-university students ages 13 to 17 are invited to take part in Google Code-in, our global, online contest introducing teenagers to the world of open source.
Visit The WebsiteGlobal programming competition in which professional & student programmers solve increasingly complex algorithmic problems during multiple rounds.
Visit The WebsiteGoogle Summer of Code is a global program that offers stipends to university students for developing open source software over their summer break.
Visit The WebsiteDoodle 4 Google invites students to use their artistic talents to think big and redesign the Google logo for millions to see.
Visit The WebsiteGOMC is a global competition for college students to create online marketing campaigns for a business or nonprofit using Google AdWords.
Visit The WebsiteThe Google Student Veteran Summit includes a professional development curriculum geared towards veterans' transitions into the workplace.
Visit The WebsiteCSSI is a 3-week summer program for incoming college freshmen (current high school seniors) who are interested in studying computer science.
Visit The WebsiteExpose your university's incoming freshman to key CS concepts by running a 3-week coding program on your campus in partnership with Google.
Visit The WebsiteAn opportunity that provides university students with a rare glimpse into the business side of the technology industry, career opportunities and valuable networks.
Visit The WebsiteGoogle scholarships aim to inspire and help students become future leaders in computing and technology by breaking down the barriers that prevent them from entering these fields.
Visit The WebsiteWe're changing the way billions of users access information, conduct business and connect with each other. Join us and do cool things that matter.
Visit The WebsiteGoogle.org invests millions of dollars annually in organizations that make computer science programs more inclusive, such as Girls Who Code, Code2040, and Code.org.
Visit The WebsiteComputational thinking (CT) involves a set of problem-solving skills and techniques that software engineers use to write programs that underlie the computer applications you use such as search, email, and maps
Visit The WebsiteHash Code is a team-based programming competition organized by Google. You pick your team and programming language, we pick a real-life engineering problem to solve. Are you up for the challenge?
Visit The WebsiteThis program offers students the opportunity to spend the summer working on Internet and technology policy issues at public interest organizations
Visit The WebsiteA 3-day summer program for current university students interested in pursuing a career in advertising sales or marketing.
Visit The WebsiteUp to 100 MBA students who seeks opportunities in APAC countries will be sent to the summit at Google's Mountain View office in this September.
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text:
A rock and a ball were allegedly thrown at Prime Minister John Key's limousine in the Napier suburb of Maraenui yesterday.
Police arrested a 22-year-old man and charged him with disorderly behaviour.
Mr Key was forced to stand by as children chanted anti-Government slogans to his face and an egg was thrown at his car.
He said they were idle, mindless acts: "These kids were about 10 or 12 and were saying things they didn't understand. It's the school holidays so I suppose it is something to do."
Mr Key's visit to a Housing New Zealand redevelopment was greeted by 10 adult protesters with about 25 children in support chanting: "One, two, three, four, stop the war on the poor," and "Maraenui under attack, stand up, fight back".
A police line prevented the group crossing the road to where Mr Key entered the new housing block.
Placards and comments shouted by veteran protester Chantelle Brown covered child poverty, legal highs and the forced relocation of Housing New Zealand tenants for Government state-housing changes. The redevelopment removed a two-level multi-home building and replaced it with seven two-bedroom units for elderly people and a shared green space. Mr Key said: "I grew up in a state house and it didn't look anything like this - this is beautiful."
New resident Crete Pinkham, 72, said it was a world apart from her former home in nearby Geddes Ave.
"It was cold and damp and full of mould - we couldn't get rid of it," she said.
Her grandsons, one earlier wearing a Mongrel Mob patch, performed a haka for Mr Key.
At Ms Pinkham's back gate, he had to wait two or three minutes for his limousine. Children congregated, the older ones holding Mana Party flags.
The older children resumed the Stop the war on the poor chant and the younger ones joined in.
Mr Key's security convoy drove up an alley behind the Maraenui shops and he walked across the road to his car as the crowd grew in size to include the earlier protesters. He got into his car, which left sporting an egg on the windscreen.
Police were seen to arrest a man who had been holding a young child. The 22-year-old charged with disorderly behaviour was from Napier.
Mr Key made the dismissive comments about the children later at Napier Boys' High School, where he held a forum with senior Hawke's Bay secondary school students.


text:
Log In now to add this Gigapan to a group gallery.
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About This Gigapan
Toggle- Taken by
- Mike Lubchenko
- Explore score
- 1
- Size
- 0.11 Gigapixels
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- 1222
- Date added
- Nov 30, 2009
- Date taken
- Nov 30, 2009
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- amawalk, ny, farm, field, lubchenko, new, york, westchester
- Description
One of the fields and houses on Stuart's Fruit Farm, Amawalk, NY. Paste 41.308081,-73.766552 into Google Maps to see satellite view.
Photographed from near Granite Springs Rd, just before the bend in the road, facing north-west.
Tripod with manual panning. Fuji Finepix S9600. Note, upper left hand corner (about 10%) is cloned to fill in missing image area.
Photographed summer 2009.


text:
Recently, there was some media coverage about a new AT&T discount available to Lyft drivers. This information was incorrect. We are not offering a discount on AT&T services. To clear up any confusion, we wanted to set the record straight. If you have any questions, please contact us directly at email@example.com or 650.835.7704.
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Preview of the Devil Clouds documentary
live streaming schedule & on demand videos
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Big Red Wrap Up: NU vs. Chattanooga Breakdown | The Cornhuskers soundly defeated Chattanooga in the 2011 season opener. Eric Olson of the... | |
Nebraska Stories: Remembering Kloefkorn, 301 | Nebraska Stories remembers William Kloefkorn with an interview with Roger Welsch and Kloefkorn... | |
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We don't deliver to skips or hedge bottoms
Dolly Char Distribution Company was born through what we believe is a local need around the Lincoln area for a good honest and reliable distribution company. Our sister company Dolly Char Domestic Cleaning Agency has long searched for a distribution company that will guarantee delivery of their leaflets and circulars around Lincoln and the surrounding areas.
We do not profess to be the cheapest option as we believe in paying our distributors a realistic hourly rate to enable us to offer you a guaranteed service.
We believe that if you our clients get your rightful feedback then our leaflet distribution service will prove very cost effective.
On average it takes us 8 hours to deliver a 1000 leaflets and so our price reflects this.
We guarantee solus leaflet delivery from ú69 per 1000
For shared leaflet delivery we charge from ú49 per 1000
Our leaflet distributors are all fully vetted and supervised and we also do regular spot checks and follow up calls in the areas that we have delivered to ensure an highly dependable and reliable service.
If you're finding Circular Distribution a bind then keep Dolly Char on your mind!
Phone Alex or Sarah today on 01507 525 159 or 07949 679 246 to book your guaranteed circular distribution service or alternatively email us @ email@example.com or use this online enquiry form
Links to other websites in the Dolly Char group of companies
www.domesticcleaningfranchise.co.uk our new dedicated franchise website.
The Dolly Char domestic cleaning, ironing and franchise business opportunity website
www.cleaningmaids.co.uk our new dedicated domestic cleaning service website
www.dollychar.com domestic cleaning, ironing and franchise business opportunity website
www.dollychar.co.uk The old Dolly Char domestic cleaning, ironing and franchise business opportunity website
Advertise your local Lincoln business here for as little as ú10 per month? email info@dollychar for further information.
Zakomedia-Custom build, editable web design, hosting and marketing in Hertfordshire.
0208 123 6609 www.zakomedia.com
Free Franchise business information.
Environmentally kind deals for UK green retailers brought to you by This Is Green www.thisisgreen.co.uk
BEAT THE RECESSION invest in a recession proof franchise business opportunity for only ú6950+vat
Advertise your local Lincoln business here for as little as ú5 per month? email info@dollychar for further information.
Magic Books By Post - The worlds largest magic book supplier www.magicbooksbypost.co.uk
"We deliver results not promises" A professional Telemarketing Solutions Company JK Marketing Solutions Tel 01394 386911 www.jk-ms.co.uk
To return to the top click Here
All Contents and Images are the Property of Dolly Char (UK) Ltd ® Dolly Char (UK) Ltd 2007/2008/2009
Head Office,25 Albert Street, Horncastle, Lincolnshire, LN9 6AJ. Company No. 5212405, VAT No. 847 5318 04,
Managing Director R A C Harrison


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Last Friday, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit became the second federal appeals court to invalidate the August 2011 National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) regulation requiring most employers to post notices of employees' rights under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). The court ruled that the NLRA never authorized the NLRB to promulgate such a notice-posting requirement. Chamber of Commerce v. NLRB, No. 12-1757 (4th Cir., June 14, 2013).
As was discussed in a previous Holland & Knight Labor, Employment and Benefits alert, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit ruled on May 7, 2013 that the notice-posting rule exceeded the NLRB's authority and is invalid.
Affirming a lower court decision striking down the notice-posting rule, the Fourth Circuit stated that the NLRA's rulemaking provision "only empowers the Board to carry out its statutorily defined reactive roles in addressing unfair labor practice charges and conducting representation elections upon request." The NLRA does not grant the NLRB the authority to affirmatively regulate employers who are not the subject of an NLRB charge or a union representation election request, the court held, noting that the NLRB exceeded its authority by adopting a rule that would have required an estimated six million employers to post the notice even though they were not involved in any proceedings before the NLRB.
The Fourth Circuit also rejected the NLRB's argument that the notice-posting requirement was "necessary" for the board's enforcement of the NLRA, stating that if Congress had intended to grant the NLRB such power, "it could have amended the NLRA to do so."
As we have discussed before, because employers can always appeal a decision of the NLRB to the D.C. Circuit, that court's earlier decision invalidating the notice-posting rule effectively means it is a dead letter unless and until the Supreme Court rules otherwise or unless Congress gives the NLRB the authority to enact such a rule. The Fourth Circuit's decision is another nail in the coffin for the rule.
See more »
DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
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Hungarian Green Beans Recipe
flour, vinegar, lard, green beans, onions, sugar
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June Meyers Authentic Hungarian Green Beans
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Dutch Green Beans
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Whether you're building a new website using ASP.NET or maintaining an existing one, you'll leave this talk ready use HTML5 on ASP.NET with VS2010. We'll look at what HTML5 offers modern application developers and how you can code HTML5 with ASP.NET WebForms or ASP.NET MVC for rich Web Applications both today and tomorrow. In this talk we will see how to build an awesome ASP.NET website which uses the HTML5 & related standards like Audio, Video, GeoLocation, Local Storage, Canvas etc.
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The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office for Civil Rights (HHS) recently announced that it had reached an agreement with Skagit County, Washington to settle potential HIPAA violations involving the County Public Health Department. The settlement arose from a 2011 incident involving the unauthorized disclosure of electronic protected health information (ePHI) of over 1,500 individuals. The settlement also covered what HHS deemed to be the County's "general and widespread non-compliance" with HIPAA. Skagit County has approximately 118,000 residents and the Health Department provides essential services to many individuals who would not otherwise be able to afford healthcare. This is HHS' first settlement with a county government and is designed to send a strong message about meaningful HIPAA compliance to local and county governments, regardless of size. HHS began its investigation after receiving notice from the County of a breach involving the ePHI of 7 individuals. Upon investigation, it was determined that the County had violated the HIPAA Privacy, Security and Data Breach Notification Rules. HHS investigators found that the County:
Although the settlement was not an admission of liability, the County agreed to pay HHS $215,000 and is required to implement an extensive corrective action plan (CAP). Because the County had not previously developed and adopted many of the policies and procedures required under HIPAA, the CAP imposed significant additional obligations, including the development and submission to HHS for approval many policies and procedures that are required under HIPAA, such as a comprehensive HIPAA compliance plan and procedures for accounting for disclosures. The County is also required to provide substitute breach notification, submit for approval hybrid entity documents that detail the covered healthcare components of its operations, conduct a thorough risk analysis of the ePHI security risks associated with the covered healthcare components of its operations, and conduct appropriate training and submit annual reports for three years regarding the County's compliance with the CAP. Because the County had never adopted or implemented many of the required policies and procedures, the costs of complying with the CAP are likely to be significant and are in addition to the $215,000 settlement payment. Even though the bulk of HIPAA's requirements have been in place for a decade or more, this settlement indicates there are covered entities or business associates that may not be fully compliant with applicable provisions of HIPAA. The increased enforcement activities by HHS highlight the importance for covered entities and business associates, whether private or public, to take appropriate steps to minimize the chances of impermissible disclosures of ePHI and any resulting enforcement action by HHS. At minimum, a covered entity or business associate should:
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DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
© Akerman LLP - Health Law Rx | Attorney Advertising
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Salem Oregon Restaurants
Restaurant Posts
"Espresso And Coffee Service""Drive-thru espresso/coffee shop serving hot, iced and blended espresso drinks; fruit smoo…"
Posted by: Arbor Hut Espresso
"Upper Level Chinese Food By Professional Chef""New flavors of Shanghai, Taipei, Szechuan, Hong Kong recipe. As good as you can imagine, …"
Posted by: China Gourmet
"Italian""Italian family restaurant . Complete meals starting with your choice of salad or one of o…"
Posted by: The Old Spaghetti Warehouse
Restaurants may post descriptions here without charge.
Reader Reviews
"Love Your Pies"Private Member, Norman - "Do you ship them to other states. I lived near Portlant…"
Said about: Plush Pippin
"Best New Asian In Polk County"Member, Mike, Dallas - "newly opened ..clean, friendly. best Asian in Polk county…"
Said about: Lee Garden Restaurant
"Regular Customers"Non-Member, Reader - "Great place to satisfy all in your party. Very diverse menu…"
Said about: Chalet of Brooks
We welcome readers to share opinions.
(Try keyword "Dinner reservations" or a ZIP code)
Welcome to MetroGuide.Network's Salem, Oregon DiningGuide, a directory of restaurants and related restaurant information for Metropolitan Salem, Oregon. Use MetroGuide's DiningGuide service to find Salem, Oregon restaurants by location or cuisine.
From cobblers baked with berries just off the vine to mesquite-broiled salmon not long out of nearby waters, Salem area restaurants provide a wide array of taste sensations, invariably capitalizing on fresh area produce. Willemette Valley wines provide value-added balance to any meal, from pub grub to gourmet fare. The historic Reed Opera house, home of the Salem Repertory Theatre, also hosts assorted eclectic saloons and eateries including Obarski's sports bar and the Macedonia Greek Restaurant. Other ethnic standouts include the Red Thai Room on Oak Street, La Margarita Company on Ferry Street, and Geppetto's Italian Restaurant on Lancaster Drive. Microbrewery fans often gravitate to Boon's Treasury or the Thompson Brewery & Public House. McGrath's Fish House has a couple of Salem seafood strongholds, on Center Street and on Chemeketa Street. Steak aficionados head to the Best Little Roadhouse, the Original Roadhouse Grill and the Macleay Country Inn. Chains also abound in Salem from Dairy Queen and Denny's to Tony Roma's and Schlotzky's Deli.
DiningGuide Salem is part of MetroGuide Salem, Oregon, offering guides to hotels and more for the entire region.
Salem, Oregon Dining By Location
To perform a quick search for restaurants in the Metropolitan Salem, Oregon area, please select one of the locations below (restaurant listings will be grouped by cuisine / category):
Restaurants located in western Oregon in the city of Salem
�Oregon Beach Cities
Dining options located on Oregon's west coast in cities including Lincoln City, Gleneden Beach, Newport and others
�Surrounding Communities
Dining options in Salem's surrounding communities including Albany, Corvallis, Woodburn and others |
Salem, Oregon Dining By Cuisine
Or, select a cuisine / category from the list presented below (restaurant listings will be grouped by location).
To return to the DiningGuide Salem, Oregon home page during your search, follow the navigation links provided at the top of the pages.
Adjacent Links: | DiningGuide Eugene | DiningGuide Portland, Oregon |
Related Links: | DiningGuide Medford | |
Other Links: | DiningGuide Seattle |


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Lot 105A: Early 20th C. PNG Aibom Village Pottery Effigy
Ancient / Ethnographic From Around The World
by Artemis Gallery
27 October 2016
Louisville, CO, USA
Live Auction
Papua New Guinea, Aibom Village, ca. early 20th century CE. This is a form of Chambri pottery, traditionally made in Aibom Village, where there is suitable clay for making vessels of this kind and where pottery like this is an important component of the local economy. It is a hollow effigy figure with the traditional Aibom Village style of spiky decoration around the body and a large opening on the chest. The head is conical, with pronounced eyes, nose, and mouth; below it is a thin neck and then the bulbous body. During the wet season, women source and scoop out the clay from pits at the foot of Aibom Mountain, then form it into the shape of the pot; men traditionally shape the face. The pieces are dried, painted, and fired at a low temperature. Size: 3.5" W x 9" H (8.9 cm x 22.9 cm).
Provenance: Ex Peter Arnovick Collection, Los Altos CA
All items legal to buy/sell under U.S. Statute covering cultural patrimony Code 2600, CHAPTER 14, and are guaranteed to be as described or your money back.
A Certificate of Authenticity will accompany all winning bids.
We ship worldwide and handle all shipping in-house for your convenience.
Condition Report: Wear as shown.


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Birthday at the Burbs - Closed
Burbs Bistro & Bar
1900 Dixie Road
Pickering, Ontario
Reservations: Sure
Dress Code: Everyone else was wearing close
Price: $$$
Chain: One and only
Burbs Bistro starts with a pleasing appearance, the décor is full of dark wood varnish and creamy ivory tones. I looked at the menu beforehand; I was excited and intrigued. After many positive recommendations, I chose this venue for my birthday dinner with my family. I ordered a fun, fruity martini...or so I thought. It was so strong, I had to steal some of my man's cola! My family encouraged me to gulp it back. Troublemakers.
It was a pleasant experience, even though there were mixed reviews. Would I return? Yes. The food was good and the atmosphere was lovely. Hopefully the wraps will improve.
Pasta FTW!


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Deimos was a god in Greek mythology, personification of terror (his name meant "dread"). He was the son of gods Ares and Aphrodite, and had a twin brother, Phobos ("fear"). He did not appear in any stories in Greek mythology, but he was a mere representation of the terror that is brought upon humans by war.
Deimos Is also called Formido, Metus.