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Black Bean and Corn Salsa
This Tex-mex salsa is a big customer favorite and is very easy to prepare. Serve it as a side dish with Tex-Mex or other southwestern entrees.
cumin, salt, hot sauce, +black beans, +olive oil, +cilantro, +green onion, +kernel corn, +lime juice
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Corn and Black Bean Salad
Visually appealing and perfect with grilled foods, southwestern fare or other casual menus. Great in the summer with fresh corn....but for the winter,...
cumin, hot sauce, salt, +black beans, +cilantro, +lemon, +garlic, +green onion, +salad dressing, +jalapeno, +red pepper, +red onions, +tomato, +corn
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Black Bean And Corn Soup
cumin, salt, hot sauce, +black beans, +kernel corn, +onions, +garlic, +coriander, +water, +tomato, +cilantro
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Roasted Corn-and-Black Bean Salad
hot sauce, salt, cumin, +corn, +black beans, +tomato, +lime juice, +red onions, +jalapeno, +cilantro, +coriander, +black pepper
find.myrecipes.com - Similiar recipes
Black and Gold Chicken with Dirty Rice and Black Bean and Corn Salsa
cumin, salt, +barbecue sauce, +beer, +salsa, +carrot, +celery, +mushroom, +fennel, +sea salt, +chili powder, +rice, +onions, +water, +white pepper
www.foodnetwork.com - Similiar recipes
Bbq Salmon With Roasted Corn Amp Black Bean Salsa Recipe
Don't let the length of this recipe intimidate you your really getting 3 recipes in 1. You can make the BBQ sauce ahead to save time. The Roasted Corn...
cumin, salt, hot sauce, +apple cider vinegar, +black pepper, +brown sugar, +black beans, +cilantro, +olive oil, +orange, +ketchup, +lime juice, +liquid smoke flavoring, +molasses, +poblano chile, +red pepper, +red onions, +corn, +salmon, +tomato, +barbecue sauce, +salsa, +soy sauce, +worcestershire sauce, +mustard
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Black Bean and Corn Pasta with Chicken
"Great quick dinner, perfect for summer corn leftovers. Two ears of corn yield one cup of kernels. Top with shredded cheese."
allrecipes.com - Similiar recipes
Black Bean, Corn and Red Pepper Salsa
"This festive salsa combines black beans, corn and red bell pepper tossed in a hot and spicy dressing."
cumin, hot sauce, +chili powder, +cilantro, +corn, +garlic, +jalapeno, +rice vinegar, +olive oil, +red pepper, +red onions
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Black Bean and Corn Salsa (Low Fat)
These amounts are only estimated as I really do not measure when making this salsa, start with amounts listed and adjust to taste. I most always use fresh...
cumin, salt, +balsamic vinegar, +black beans, +celery, +chili powder, +cucumber, +thyme, +basil, +lime juice, +corn, +garlic, +jalapeno, +olive oil, +plum tomato, +red pepper, +red onions
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text: Tis the holiday season, and it's a time for parties and celebrations. One of my favorite ways to make a toast is with a vegan chocolate shot glass. What's not to love??? I fill it with my favorite liqueur and then I get to eat the rich, chocolate glass… YUM!

subset: commoncrawl


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Welcome! The UC Department of Dermatology comprises of a multi-site dermatologic general and subspecialty practice, two affiliated but independent patient care entities. In addition, the department is home to three faculty research laboratories and a university-based administrative unit. We invite you to learn more about: Our History Research Efforts Clinical Care via UC Health
Residency/Fellowships The UC Department of Dermatology offers a competitive residency training program and an excellent fellowship program, which focuses on cutaneous surgery and oncology. Residency Program Procedural Dermatology Fellowship
Department Focuses General Dermatology Acne, Psoriasis, Eczema/other skin rashes, Skin Cancer, Moles, Warts, Infections, Hair Diseases, Nail Diseases, Mucous Membrane Diseases Specialty Areas Blistering Disorders, Connective Tissue Diseases, Cutaneous Lymphomas, Pediatric Dermatology, Phototherapy, Psychocutaneous Disorders, Sports Dermatology Surgical and Cosmetic Botox Injections, Chemical Peels, Cosmetic Consultations, Ear Lobe Repairs, Juvederm, Laser Therapy, Mohs Micrographic Surgery, Dermatopathology and Immunodermatology Laboratory Skin Histopathology, Skin Immunofluorescence, Indirect Immunofluorescence, Immunoperoxidase and Gene Rearrangement Studies for Lymphoma


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East Longmeadow HS Photos
View East Longmeadow High photos in these categories:
There are more photos from East Longmeadow alumni listed at Classmates.com®. Click here to join Classmates.com® for free and share more ELHS pictures.
Pictures of East Longmeadow HS alumni are listed below. You can view the alumni, graduation, reunion, or sports photos from East Longmeadow in MA or upload photos you have taken related to East Longmeadow High School.
If you haven't already, we also encourage you to register for free on this site. You may also want to check out the latest news and school memories.
180 Maple St
East Longmeadow, Massachusetts 01028
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The early closures of several North Coast parks is highlighting the repercussions on local tourism -- and the need for park partners who can run park operations.
Gary Graham Hughes, executive director of the Environmental Protection Information Center, or EPIC, said the closures mean severe economic impacts for local communities, with potential tourists discouraged from making vacation plans for the North Coast.
"The state parks in our region are crucial environmental and economic assets for our communities, and it is imperative that they are managed for their long-term benefits," he wrote in an email to the Times-Standard.
"The current use of Humboldt Redwoods State Park by a Hollywood film production should be an exciting reminder of the economic potential inherent in our state parks and is hard evidence of why it is important to fight for a well-funded and forward-looking approach to caring for our parks," Hughes added, referring to the filming within the parks of a movie starring Will Smith as an example of how parks contribute to the local economy.
The North Coast Redwoods District of California State Parks announced its plans for service reductions to three state parks last week. Although the parks were initially scheduled for closure in July, Michelle Gardner, the Eel River sector superintendent for State Parks, said the district can no longer afford to operate them.
"Setting up parks for a Memorial Day opening is very costly," Gardner wrote in an email.
Beginning May 1, the Standish Hickey State Recreation Area will close to vehicles and camping, and the Grizzly Creek Redwoods State Park campground will also close. The Cheatham Grove day use area will remain open through at least June 30.
The Benbow Lake State Recreation Area campground, which normally opens just before Memorial Day, will not open this year, with the day use area remaining open through at least June 30. Fort Humboldt will start weekend and holiday closures on July 1.
Garberville Redway Area Chamber of Commerce Executive Director Dee Way said losing the Benbow park is tough for the Southern Humboldt community.
"We don't attract tourists with roller coasters or theme parks; people flock here because of our state parks and the natural beauty they have to offer," she said. "As we gear up for the busy tourist season, it's a crushing blow to hear that many local state parks won't be open this year and that the fate of Benbow day use is still uncertain."
Gardner said the parks district is in talks with three potential partners, one for each of the parks, but she didn't want to release their names until a commitment was solidified.
"If we can get partners, we can reopen them," she said.
Team Standish, a group of volunteers aiming to save Standish Hickey, is one organization that has submitted a partnership proposal.
Group member Bess Bair said on Wednesday that the group submitted the 74-page proposal -- created with the help of the Mendocino Area Parks Association, a nonprofit that works with other organizations to keep parks open in Mendocino County -- the prior week. The group plans to publicly release the proposal after a few more items are finalized.
Bair said Team Standish is making a commitment to continue supporting the parks no matter what happens next.
"Team Standish is dedicated to a lifelong partnership," Bair said.
As the group waits for an answer from State Parks, Bair said, it continues to recruit volunteers to ensure a strong base.
She said volunteers are at the core of Team Standish's vision. About 35 volunteers having been meeting every week since October.
"In this world of everything getting away from us and big business and big corporations, this is a perfect example of local people and local resources -- we've been given a chance to have a local resource come back under our protection," she said.
For more information on Team Standish, call 983-6115 or email firstname.lastname@example.com. The group's website is www.standishhickey.com.
Donna Tam can be reached at 441-0532 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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SMX Israel – November 2017
SMX Israel is the premier networking event designed for SEOs, SEMs, SMOs and affiliate marketers to exchange ideas, influence the industry and build their networks. Get a full day of sessions, keynotes, networking activities, and snacks in the historic city of Jerusalem.
We look forward to returning to the Inbal Jerusalem in November 2017. Mark your calendars and visit this page for updates throughout the year.
Programmed by Search Engine Land's Barry Schwartz
SMX Israel is programmed by search marketing authorities who created the original and best search marketing event.
The Israel version is programmed by Barry Schwartz. Barry Schwartz is the Executive Editor of the Search Engine Roundtable, the News Editor of Search Engine Land, former News Editor at Search Engine Watch and the President of RustyBrick, a web development firm based in New York. Barry is often quoted in publications such as Forbes, Reuters, Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Bloomberg, News.com, Publish and more. With over ten years of writing about search marketing tips and how search engines work, Barry has been called the hardest working blogger in search.
Who Should Attend?
- Advertising Budget Holders
- In-house search marketers
- Brand managers
- Paid search advertising planners and buyers
- Organic search optimization specialists
- Web technology professionals
- Affiliate managers and experts
- Social media enthusiasts
Exhibit/Sponsor SMX Israel
Reach the SMX Israel audience. There is very limited sponsorship available for SMX Israel. Learn more about our sponsorship details, please click here.
Interested in Speaking?
If you are interested in speaking at SMX Israel, please contact us.


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Tarka Dal
- 9 ounces chana dal (dried yellow split peas), rinsed until the water runs clear
- 1 3/4 pints water
- 3 tablespoons vegetable oil
- 1 tablespoon cumin seeds
- 1 small onion, chopped
- 3 to 4 whole green chiles, pricked with a knife
- 1 (3/4-inch) piece fresh ginger, peeled and cut into thin strips
- 3 cloves garlic, peeled and left whole
- 3 tomatoes, chopped
- 3/4 teaspoon ground turmeric
- 3/4 teaspoon garam masala
- 1 1/2 teaspoon ground coriander
- Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper
- Handful chopped fresh cilantro leaves
If this dish is not sour enough for you, add a squeeze of lemon juice. If you are a garlic lover, you can add another 2 cloves of garlic.
Put the lentils and water into a pan, stir well and bring to the boil. Skim off any froth that forms on the surface of the water with a spoon. Cover the pan with a lid and reduce the heat to a simmer. Simmer, stirring regularly, for 35 to 40 minutes, or until the lentils are just tender, adding more water as necessary.
When the lentils have cooked through, remove the pan from the heat, and use a whisk to break down the lentils. Set the mixture aside to thicken and cool.
Meanwhile, heat the oil in a pan over a medium heat. Add the cumin seeds, and fry for 20 to 30 seconds, or until fragrant. Add the onion, chiles, and ginger, and fry for 4 to 5 minutes, or until golden brown.
Blend the garlic and tomatoes to a puree in a food processor. Add the puree to the pan, and stir well to combine. Add the turmeric, garam masala, coriander, and 3 1/2 ounces of water to the pan, and stir well to combine. Season the mixture with salt, to taste, and simmer over a medium heat for 15 to 20 minutes, or until the oil from the sauce has risen to the surface of the sauce.
Add the cooked lentils to the sauce, and stir well, adding more water as necessary, to loosen the mixture. Bring the mixture to a boil, and season, to taste, with salt, and freshly ground black pepper. Stir in the chopped cilantro just before serving.


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It appears you have not yet Signed Up with our community. To Sign Up for free, please click here....
My 30 year old daughter has unsuccessfully tried every epileptic medication that is US approved.Her doctor will give her a prescription for Vigabatrin (Sabril) which can not be obtained in the US.
What is the best way to obtain this medication from England or Canada?
Does she need a prescription from a UK or Canadian doctor?
Are there any organizations that can help with this procedure?
Wayne Willis


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Krush-EX 2012 vol.4 Results: Urabe Cruises, Ogata Upsets Taniyama
- Published in Asia
- Written by Dave Walsh
- 0
With Krush.20 just a week away, Krush held the 4th installment of its 2012 Krush-EX series, headlined by Koya Urabe and also featuring Krush regulars Toshiki Taniyama and Yu Hirono, among others.
In the night's main event, Koya Urabe took a commanding unanimous decision over the heavy-handed Ryukei on scores of 30-25(x3). Urabe dominated the entirety of the fight, scoring downs in the 1st and 3rd rounds on a head kick and spinning back fist, respectively. The win is the second straight for Urabe (20-4-0, 2 KO) after dropping a decision to Keijiro Miyakoshi in NJKF back in April. His most recent win came at Big Bang 9 where he dominated the fight and remained aggressive throughout the entire fight and it seems to be a repeated effort here. I believe Urabe is still eligible for this year's Krush Youth tournament, and if he is I'd imagine he wants to participate and avenge his loss to Masaaki Noiri if he can. If not, I'd expect him to be first in line should Thomas Adamandopoulos take the Krush 63kg belt from Ryuji Kajiwara in August. Ryukei (7-3-0, 7 KO) only had a puncher's chance, which seemed pretty good considering Urabe's lack of defense, but wasn't able to come through. Aside from this loss to Urabe, he has a pair of losses to DEEP*KICK 60kg champ Hiroto Yamaguchi. He isn't a bad fighter by any means, but he won't be making any waves at 60-63kg. Still, it'd be nice for Krush to keep him around as he can always provide a good knockout.
In the co-main event, Atsushi Ogata pulled off an upset, knocking out Toshiki Taniyama in the 2nd round at 3:00. Ogata came out aggressively and was able to use pressure to fold Taniyama with a left hook in the closing seconds of the 2nd round. This was Ogata's third fight in Krush, going 1-1 with a knockout loss to Ryukei and most recently a decision win over Daizo Sasaki back at Krush.19. From here he could possibly rematch Ryukei, though he could also leverage himself for a shot at Urabe as Krush was likely trying to set up a fight between Urabe and Taniyama. Taniyama (13-2-0, 5 KO) takes a big step back here as he was on a probable collision course with Koya Urabe and a possible title shot. This loss snaps a 5-fight winning streak which included 3 straight knockouts, most recently at Big Bang 9. A rematch with Keiji Ozaki would be fun, but I'd like to see him against Ryukei to see if he folds from the pressure of a heavy-handed striker.
Quick results after the break


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The stunning Maude Fealy (1881 - 1971) was an American stage and film actress with a tempestuous love life . Fealy first gained public notice as a silent film actress, and successfully adapted to performing both on the stage, and, later, successfully adapted to acting in films with sound, a feat that many of her peers never successfully accomplished. {images from flickr}
Rodarte for Opening Ceremony
18 February 2011
The collaboration between Rodarte and Opening Ceremony was launched on February 9th and is accompanied by a very striking and colorful look book featuring Laura Love, photographed by Autumn de Wilde.
Rodarte For Opening Ceremony Spring 2011 collection is based on Rodarte's Spring 2011 collection – undoubtedly pieces like pleated skirts or draped dresses will look familiar.
All the clothes are so beautiful and cute! The sunglasses and shoes as well, but when you see the prices,the collection is still unreachable for common people! {source Fashion Lover}
mirro mirror
17 February 2011
This is me and Helene at Pillbox Bazaar. We found this beautiful handmade mirror and took some photos! It as very nice and the girls sold a lot of beautiful things! I may have more photos coming up next!
p.s. The headband I'm wearing is available in Helene's blog!
burn our souls, release the wicked
13 February 2011
This is my favourite photoshoot lately.
I wish it was autumn,I wish I had a forest like that.
It's all so beautiful..
All photos by Ailera Stone.


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This BibleMax module features the translation of the Scriptures into common Indonesian (Sehari-hari means "common language"). Being a translation from a Protestant version of the Bible, this module does not contain the Apocrypha. You can download this module and the core BibleMax software for free from the developer's site.
Trivia Millionaire is a trivia game which has similarities to the popular TV show where contestants answer general knowledge questions of increasing difficulty to try to win as much as possible, and ultimately win the top prize of one million. The questions can be on any topic, and include picture questions. Up to nine players can play at once, each having three methods of help at their disposal.
Freedom Millionaire is the accessible clone of the popular TV game show Who Wants to be a Millionaire. Complete with sound effects and Lifelines, this game will provide you and your friends hours of enjoyment!The question sets are included in the main installer
Iron Man The Mandarin Attack is a neat little arcade video game. You can try on a suit of armor from one of the most popular Marvel characters, Iron Man in this new fan-game. Millionaire Tony Stark is once again on guard in New York. This time he confronts his Mandarin nemesis.
A secure, reliable billing system for the game centers in Indonesia. Features: - Monthly sales report - Advertising on log in screen & desktop - Secure desktop - Friendly user interface - Always Up to date features and security - Customer service & support available - Becoming INDOMOG refill station - Marketing collaboration with INDOMOG.com
Radio Indonesia Toolbar is a free toolbar dedicated to indonesia radio. Whit Radio Indonesia Toolbar you can listen all the music directly from your browser. Radio Indonesia Toolbar is a easy-to-use toolbar and have a powerful search engine. You can search the web and get a wide choice of useful search engines.
DOWNLOAD ONCE PLAY FOREVER! Feel free to download all the games here! Almost all of the games here has optional language of : Indonesia and English. These games are 100% made in Indonesia. Sekolah Gambar is a dashboard drawing game designed for children who want to be creative.
Bible Trivia Pro is an electronic version of the popular game and TV show "Who Wants to be a Millionaire", but with a Biblical twist. You should answer a series of questions in order to gain an amount of money. The higher the amount, the harder the question. Your goal is to reach one million before the rest of the players.
This application allows you to download, play and activate games from the Bigfishgames website. You can either install this single application or you can install it when you download a game from the website. Either way, it is mandatory to have it installed on your computer in order to play the games.
Razer Game Booster configures and optimizes your PC's settings for peak gaming performance. Razer Game Booster comes also with a useful game launcher, a service manager, and a tool to defragment your game folders. It defrags your disks, prioritizing your game folders for faster loading and enhanced system efficiency for even smoother gameplay.
Your grandfather has disappeared! The only clue he left is a cryptic message about a game show that no longer exists. Can you overcome the mysteries of the Millionaire Manor and stop the macabre machinations of a madman? Can you uncover the secrets of your unhinged Host? Take on the challenges of The Hidden Object Show once more and save your fellow contestants from a gruesome fate!
Krrish Game is totally free and can be downloaded and play free of cost. It's the first Indian game that was developed entirely on the famous Krrish indian movie. The game gives you fast and paced action thrilled fights, boss encounters and many more adventures.
Just like some people like having their book or CD collection nicely organized and at hand, others will appreciate the possibility of having all their PC games clearly categorized in one single application – that is what Game Assistant does. Besides, it will help you boost your gaming experience and will monitor your system's temperature to avoid unnecessary overheating.
Kodu Game Lab is a visual programming language made specifically for creating games. The program lets you create games on the PC and XBox via a simple visual programming language. Kodu can be used to teach creativity, problem solving, storytelling, as well as programming.
Elgato Game Capture HD is a free-to-use application that allows you to record your Xbox One or PlayStation 4 gameplay. Capture stunning 1080p with 60 fps easily and enjoy incredibly smooth footage in manageable files. The app has an intuitive interface.
To make the most of your gaming experience, you need to fine-tune your system's resources and other settings. Wise Game Booster allows you to perform all of those operations in just one click. Alternatively, this free game booster customizes system's performance according to your preferences, thus balancing your PC's resources with your need for speed and stability.
Pinnacle Game Profiler allows you to play your favorite games with any gamepad, joystick, or other type of game controller. The program comes preconfigured for most popular game titles and gamepads, which means setup is quick and easy. Also, the program has the ability to detect when games are launched, automatically configuring your desired controller for play.
Alawar GameBox is a program that will help you access the entire collection of games of the site. The client was designed to help you organize the games on your computer, to inform you of new releases and other news, and to enable you to download updates for the games automatically.


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Journal Menu
► Journal MenuSpecial Issue "Advances in Molecular Electronic Structure Calculations"
A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Chemistry, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2012)
Special Issue Editor
Guest Editor
Prof. Dr. Eduardo A. Castro
INIFTA, Suc.4, C.C. 16, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentinia
Fax: +54 221 4254642 Interests: QSAR/QSPR theory; molecular electronic structure; scientific education; scientific and technological research management and organization; scientific communication; the relationship between science and humanities; mathematical and physics and mathematics |
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
One of the most important and difficult problems in science is the accurate calculation of material properties from first priniciples. This can be viewed as the central challenge for theorists from a wide range of fields, including chemistry, condensed matter physics, materials science, biophysics, biochemistry, pharmacology and closely related disciplines.
The challenge of first-principles calculations arises because the computational resources required to obtain exact solutions of the stationary Schrodinger equation on a standard computer generally increase exponentially with the number of atoms involved. This renders such calculations within ranges of chemical accuracy really intractable for all but the smallest systems even resorting the latest supercomputers.
In chemistry, the most important task is to calculate the energy of molecules to within chemical accuracy of 1kJ/mol, which is required to predict reaction rates. The real difficulty of solving this problem exactly has led to the development of several approximate methods for first-principles quantum chemistry. The present issue is devoted to present the methodological progress and the growth of the power of classical computers that have allowed for outstanding computational successes and impressive practical predictions within the field of calculation of material properties.
Prof. Dr. Eduardo A. Castro
Guest Editor
- electronic molecular structure
- theoretical chemistry calculations
- post Hartree-Fock methods
- quantum computers
- first-principles
- quantum chemistry
- chemical accuracy
- theoretical predictions and correlations
Journal Contact
IJMS Editorial Office
St. Alban-Anlage 66, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
E-Mail: Tel. +41 61 683 77 34
Fax: +41 61 302 89 18
Editorial Board
Contact Details Submit to IJMS Edit a special issue Review for IJMS


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Looking for a self-starter with an intermediate to advanced level of experience. Mainly working with and designing SQL databases (preferably MySQL). The job is currently posted on Monster.com on the following link. http://jobview.monster.com/GetJob.a...=US&vw=b&AVSDM=2008-01-03 17:11:00&pg=1&seq=1
TO remove from unanswered section and also suggestion to include contact email or information for the interested candidates.


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Crock Pot Creamy Mexican Chicken (Aka Fiesta Chicken)
Creamy chicken dish that you can spice up to suit your taste. Basically, it's slow cooker chicken with cream cheese & any other ingredients you like....
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Crab Stuffed Chicken (Aka Fancy Chicken)
I was searching the internet 2 valentines days ago for a romantic, not too foo-fooey recipe and found this (don't remember what site). This is now my BH's...
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Chicken Wellington (Puff Pastry-Wrapped Chicken)
This is not at all hard to put together, it's an amazing dish to serve to dinner guests and I have done so many times over the years and have always receive...
chicken, cream cheese, +butter, +mushroom, +dijon mustard, +eggs, +parsley, +garlic, +vegetable oil, +onions, +black pepper, +pastry, +salt
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2 in 1 - Herbed Chicken & Leftover Chicken Salad
This may be a first for RecipeZaar - two recipes in one! I had leftovers from the Herbed Chicken with no takers (if you know what I mean). This is delicious...
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Home Fried Chicken Recipe
My folks referred to deep-fried chicken as "restaurant" chicken. My Appalachian grandparents called it "city" chicken. KFC is "restaurant" chicken. Any...
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Creamy Chicken and Garlic Picnic Pasties-Parcels With Boursin
Delectable litle pasties or pastry parcels filled with tender chunks of chicken breast and French Boursin cream Cheese, delicious! These are so easy to...
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Citrus Grilled Chicken Salad (For Leftover Grilled Chicken)
I like to make this with my leftover grilled chicken. The flavor of the smokey chicken goes great with the sweet flavor of this chicken salad. This transforms...
chicken, +marmalade, +avocado, +lettuce, +flaked coconut, +mayonnaise, +black pepper, +salt, +sour cream
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Chicken Enchilada Dip
I found this dip on another site. I usually plan ahead and grill extra chicken a day or so ahead. However, the purchased grilled chicken would work just...
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Ingredient Informationchickencream cheese


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Sori Yanagi, whose designs for stools and kitchen pots brought the simplicity and purity of Japanese decor into the everyday, died on 25 December at the age of 96.
Yanagi's curvaceous "butterfly stool", evocative of a Japanese shrine gate, won an award at La Triennale di Milano in 1957 and helped elevate him to international stature. The work later joined the permanent collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Louvre museum in Paris.
Another typical Yanagi design was the stackable plastic stool, humorously referred to as the "elephant stool", because of its resemblance to the animal's chunky feet. The lines and curves of Yanagi designs were as distinctly Japanese as they were universal, winning him fans – and a place in homes not only in Japan but around the world – for his tea pots, ceramic cups, and even the whisk.
Yanagi was born in Tokyo in 1915, the son of a philosopher, choosing design for his career after falling in love with the work of Le Corbusier. He supported Japanese traditional art throughout his life, and served as head of the Japan Folk Crafts Museum in Tokyo, which his father founded.
- More about:
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The company
Air France is a global top-flight player in its three main businesses, namely passenger air traffic (Passenger), freight traffic (Cargo) and aviation maintenance. The airline operates flights to 300 destinations in 114 countries, mainly from its Paris-Charles de Gaulle hub. Air France is a founding member of the SkyTeam global alliance, alongside Korean Air, Aeromexico and Delta. To accompany its passengers to a range of ever-more varied, surprising and inspiring locations worldwide, Air France-KLM has formed over 80 partnerships with the largest airlines.
CEO of Air France
1988: Production engineer for Concorde
1989: In charge of scheduling and planning at the Maintenance Division
1992: In charge of production at repair workshops for on board equipment
1994: In charge of Concorde maintenance
1997: In charge of Light Maintenance at Orly
2000: In charge of Maintenance of the Air France medium-haul fleet
2002: Head of Aircraft Maintenance at Regional, Air France subsidiary
2007: Executive Vice President Operations and Support at Regional
2008: Chief Operating Officer at Regional
2010: Vice President Air France Industries
2013: Executive Vice-President Engineering and Maintenance Air France-KLM
Aged 53, Alain-Hervé Bernard is a graduate of the Ecole Centrale de Paris. He joined Air Inter in 1987 as Research Officer in the Planning Division. In 1990 he became Head of the Customer Interface Department in the Marketing Division, then in 1994, Head of the Flight Crew Labour Relations Department. In 1997 he was appointed Vice President Flight Crew Human Resources for Air France. In 1999 he became Vice President of the SAP Programme then Deputy Vice President Flight Scheduling in 2002. In 2005 he was appointed Vice President Operations Control, Vice President Flight Operations in 2009 and Executive Vice President In-Flight Product in 2010. In 2013 he was appointed Executive Vice President Medium-Haul Passenger Activity Paris-CDG. He is now Chief Operating Officer and Accountable Manager.
Executive Vice President Fleet and Scheduling
Aged 49, graduated from Ecole Polytechnique, Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration économique (ENSAE) and Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris. Between 1992 and 2000 and after 2004 Pierre-Olivier Bandet has held various management positions at Air France, notably at the Marketing and Network, Crew Rostering and Cargo divisions. He also worked for the Boston Consulting Group (BCG), from 2000 to 2004. Since 2013 he has been Executive Vice President Corporate Secretary and Air France Chairman's Office, successively for Alexandre de Juniac then for Frédéric Gagey. He has been appointed EVP Fleet and Scheduling.
Executive Vice President in-flight service
Aged 42, and a graduate of the ENSTA Paris Tech, Eric Caron joined Air France in 1998 as analyst medium-haul flight schedule in the Network Department. In 2001, he held the position of analyst reporting to the CEO of Cityjet (Dublin). In 2003, he joined the Revenue Management team, in charge of inventory management for the Americas, Caribbean and Indian Ocean regions in the Air France-KLM Revenue Management Division. In 2006, he was manager information systems in the Air France-KLM Network Department. In 2009, he became Director Scheduling, in charge of Scheduling Planning and Scheduling Adjustment and in 2010, he was appointed VP Pricing and Revenue Management Medium-Haul for Air France-KLM. In 2014, he was appointed General Manager for Air France-KLM Mexico. Since March 2016, he has held the position of VP and General Manager for Air France-KLM in the USA.
Executive Vice President in charge of Human Resources
Gilles Gateau, 57 years old, holds a Master's Degree in Economics and a postgraduate diploma in Human Resources and Social Policy Economics from the University of Paris. He was formerly a researcher at the CNRS, then technical advisor to Martine Aubry, Minister for Labour, from 1991 to 1993, then Director of Operations and EVP at the ANPE between 1993 and 1997. From 1997 to 2001, he was technical adviser to Lionel Jospin, then Prime Minister, in charge of labour, employment and vocational training. From 2001 to 2012, Gilles Gateau held various positions at the Human Resources division of the EDF Group.
From 2012 to 2014 he was chief of staff for Michel Sapin, Minister of Labour, Employment, Vocational Training and Social Dialogue, then deputy chief of staff and social advisor to the Prime Minister, Manuel Valls from 2014 to October 2015.
He joined Air France in November 2015, and on 4 January 2016 was appointed Executive Vice President Human Resources.
Executive Vice President Cargo activity
A graduate of the Mines ParisTech, Elisabeth Hérelier joined Air France in 1984. She alternately occupied several positions in Ground Operations (Lyon and Paris-CDG) in the Aircraft Maintenance Division (B747/767 division manager in 1995, Head of maintenance support in 1999) and subsequently in Flight Operations where she was Deputy VP from 2010 to 2013. She then took charge of senior and executive staff development in her position as HR Career Development and Planning VP. She has been appointed Executive Vice President Cargo activity.
Executive Vice President Flight Operations
A qualified pilot and a graduate of the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris, Gilles Laurent began his career at Air France in 1990 as a First Officer on Boeing 737. As well as his position as a pilot on various different Air France aircraft (A330/340, A320) where he qualified as Flight Captain in 2002 and then instructor, Gilles Laurent was appointed Head of International Relations at the crew training division in 2000, after previously having gained experience at the European Commission as part of an internship at the ENA business school.
He became VP for Human Resources at the Pilot division in 2005. In 2009, he was given the responsibility of the project to reform flight safety. He was appointed VP Quality and Flight Safety in 2012. Since June 2015, Gilles Laurent has been EVP Flight Operations at Air France.
Executive Vice President of HOP! Air France
Aged 52, Alain Malka is a graduate of SUPAREO French aerospace engineering school. He joined the Air France Transport Division in 1985. In 1988, he was put in charge of duty scheduling for flight crews and became Deputy Station Manager in Marseille in 1991 and Deputy Station Manager at Orly in 1994. In 1995, he was appointed Long-Haul Station Manager at Paris-Charles de Gaulle airport and took part in launching the hub in April 1996. In 1997, he was appointed Ground Operations Human Resources Manager for Orly and the French provinces and then for all Ground Operations, including the CDG hub. In 2000, he was appointed Flight Crew Human Resources Manager and, in 2004, became Vice President Human Resources for Air France. In 2010, he was appointed Senior Vice President Caribbean and Indian Ocean Air France-KLM. In 2013, he was appointed Executive Vice President Air France Cargo. He now holds the position of Executive Vice President of HOP! Air France.
EVP Air France Industries
An alumnus of ENSMA, the National School of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering in Poitiers, with an Executive MBA from top business school HEC Paris, Géry Mortreux, 50, started out at Air Inter in 1989, where he occupied a number of positions in the maintenance sphere. In 1996, he joined Air France as 737/727 Engineering Manager, later becoming 747/767 Production Manager. In 2001, he became A320 Fleet Manager, and subsequently (2005) Supply Chain Director, followed by his appointment as VP Components Industrial Operations in 2006. In 2007, he moved to Sabena Technics in Brussels as EVP Engineering and Maintenance, Civil Aircraft, before his appointment as Technical Director of Corsair International in 2008, and subsequently as Chief Operating Officer and Accountable Manager in 2011.
Executive Vice President Corporate Secretary and Transformation
Aged 55, Jérôme Nanty is a graduate of the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris and holds a Master's degree in Public Law. He began his career in 1986 at the Société Générale before joining the Capital Markets Branch of the Crédit Lyonnais in 1989, first as a Bond Market Operator, then as Manager of a portfolio of bond issuing customers. In 1998, he joined the Human Resources Department as Manager of employment policy, then labour relations. From 2001 to 2004 he served as Director of Labour and Social Relations for the Crédit Lyonnais group. He was responsible for the same area of activity for the Crédit Agricole group as from 2003. As such, he was in charge of the social aspect of the merger between the Crédit Lyonnais and the Crédit Agricole. He was appointed Director of Human Resources for LCL in 2005 and the Caisse des Dépôts Group in 2008. From 2013 to 2016, he was Secretary general of the Transdev group. Since July 2016, he has held the position of Corporate Secretary and Executive Vice President Human Resources Air France-KLM. He is also EVP Corporate Secretary and Transformation.
Senior Vice President Commercial Planning
Henri de Peyrelongue, 52, is a graduate of the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées. He joined UTA in 1990 in the Operational Research Department.
In 1992, he joined Air France in the Network Planning Department. He contributed to designing the CDG hub, and successively held the positions of Head of Current Network Planning and Head of Future Network Planning.
In 2000, he was appointed VP Revenue Management and was also chairman of the ATPCO Board from 2005.
In 2008, he became SVP Network Air France-KLM.
In 2013, he joined the Air France-KLM Commercial Division as SVP Europe & North Africa.
In July 2016, Henri de Peyrelongue has been appointed SVP Commercial Planning and representative of the Commercial, Sales and Alliances division on the Air France Executive Committee.
Executive Vice President Customer
A graduate of the Mines Paris Tech, Anne Rigail joined Air Inter in 1991. In 1996, she was appointed in charge of Air France customer services at Paris-Orly. In 1999, she became director of passenger and baggage connections at the Paris-Charles de Gaulle hub, and subsequently head of customer and baggage products for Ground Operations. In 2005, she was appointed to create the Paris-CDG hub operations control centre. She became VP Ground Operations at Paris-Charles de Gaulle in 2009 and EVP In-flight Services in 2013. As of 1st January 2017, she will hold the position of Executive Vice President Customer.
CEO of Transavia France
A graduate of the Ecole Polytechnique and the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, from 1992 to 2012 Nathalie Stubler held various management positions, first at Air Inter, then at Air France, notably at the Network, Commercial, Corporate Social Responsibility, Revenue Management and Pricing divisions.In 2013, she held an executive position at Air France in charge of Revenue Management and Network, before joining the Air France KLM group as SVP Network Strategy.Since September 2014 she has been Chief of Staff for the Group's Chairman, and Secretary of the Air France-KLM Group's Executive Committee. She joined Transavia France in January 2016 as CEO.
Executive Vice President Finance
Aged 50, Marc Verspyck is a graduate from the Ecole Supérieure de Commerce de Paris and holds a Master Degree (DESS) in Finance from Paris Dauphine University. He started his career in Air Inter as planning manager and later as ground handling manager. He headed the corporate finance department of Air France until 2005, in charge of long term financing of Air France, closing numerous deals (secured financings, syndicated loans, securitization, convertible bond). He was in charge of the subsidiaries and investments between 2005 and 2007, controlling their financial performance, the investments and seating at various boards. He was appointed Senior Vice-President Finance of Air France in September 2007. His responsibilities include treasury, corporate finance, tax and employees profit sharing schemes.
On 1st July 2013, he was appointed EVP Finance at Air France.
SVP Corporate Communications at Air France-KLM
Since January 2014, Dominique Wood, 49, had been Group Communications Director for Transdev, a world leader in mobility and public transport, a subsidiary of Caisse des Dépôts and Veolia, and was Acting Secretary General from July to December 2016.
Dominique has spent most of her career with the Havas group, at W&Cie, where she held the position of Managing Director (2010-2014). Previously, Dominique Wood was Consultant and Strategic Planner at Euro RSCG Design (1989-1992), Consultant for Bracq Gauvin Design (1992-1993), independent consultant (1994-1999) and Director at Piaton & Associates (2000-2001) before joining W&Cie in 2001. She holds a post-graduate diploma in Industrial Economics and a Master's Degree in Economics.
The Board of Directors comprises 18 directors:
6 "executive" directors including a representative of the AIR FRANCE KLM company
Jean-Marc JANAILLAC,
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Air France-KLM and Chairman of Air France Board -
Pieter BOOTSMA,
Executive Vice President Commercial Strategy Air France-KLM -
Gilles GATEAU,
Executive Vice President - Human Resources and Labour Relations Air France -
Marie-Agnès LUCAS DE PESLOUAN,
General Manager Investor Relations Air France-KLM, Air France-KLM representative -
Anne RIGAIL,
Executive Vice President Customer Air France -
Eric SCHRAMM
6 independent directors
Dominique-Jean CHERTIER,
President of Luskan -
Jean Pierre COURCOL,
External director -
Bruno METTLING,
Vice President Human Resources Group Orange, Middle East and Africa -
Ursula SAINT LEGER,
Vice President Human Resources AptarGroup -
Bernard SPITZ,
President of the French Federation of Insurance Companies -
Florence VERZELEN,
Managing Director ENGIE Russia, Head of Development ENGIE EUROPE
6 employee representatives
Valérie COULON,
Administrator representing other employees -
Didier DAGUE,
Administrator representing other employees -
Pascal MATHIEU,
Administrator representing managerial staff -
Marie RAMON,
Administrator representing cabin crews -
David RICATTE,
Administrator representing other employees -
Emmanuel SCOFFIER,
Administrator representing flight deck crews
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Air France-KLM and Chairman of Air France Board
With a degree in Law (1976), and a graduate of the HEC Business School (1975) and ENA (1980), Jean-Marc Janaillac has been Chairman and CEO of Air France-KLM since 4 July 2016.
He served as chief of staff for the Prefects of Finistère (Brittany) and Val d'Oise (Greater Paris) region from 1980 to 1983, and subsequently as head of staff for the Secretary of State for Tourism from 1983 to 1984.
From 1984 to 1987, he served as general manager of the French Tourism Office for North America in New York, before taking over as general manager of the Maison de la France, in charge of promoting French tourism abroad, from 1987 to 1997.
He was a member of the Air France Board of Directors from 1989 to 1994.
Executive Vice President (1997-1999), and then Chief Operating Officer of AOM (1999), Jean-Marc Janaillac subsequently joined the MAEVA group where he served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer from 2000 to 2002, before being appointed Chairman of the Paris Convention and Tourism Office from 2002 to 2004.
From November 2004 to November 2012, he was Managing Director Group Development for RATP and Chairman and CEO of RATP Dev.
Jean-Marc Janaillac was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of TRANSDEV from December 2012 to June 2016, and held the position of Chairman of UTP (Union des Transports Publics et ferroviaires) from 2013 to 2015.
Jean-Marc Janaillac has been Chairman of the Air France Board of Directors since 3 November 2016.
Executive Vice President Commercial Strategy for Air France-KLM and Executive Director
Born on 1st September 1969, Pieter Bootsma is a graduate of the Technical University of Twente and holds a PhD in Business Engineering & Management Science. He is an alumnus of Columbia University (2004).
Pieter Bootsma joined KLM in 1995 where he worked in the area of network planning and schedule development until 2000. He then joined Pricing & Revenue Management, first being responsible for Europe and subsequently for the North Atlantic as from 2003. In June 2004, he assumed worldwide responsibility for Pricing & Revenue Management. In 2008, he took up the same position for Air France and KLM.
In 2011, he became head of Marketing, Network and Revenue Management for KLM before carrying out the same activities within the Air France-KLM Group in 2013. He was also a member of the Airline Tariff Publishing Company Council (Washington) from 2004 to 2009.
He was a member of the KLM Executive Committee from 2011 to 2013 and has been a member of the Air France-KLM Excom Group since January 2013.
Pieter Bootsma has been Executive Vice President Commercial Strategy, Air France-KLM since 2014.
Executive Vice President Human Resources and Labour Relations
Gilles Gateau holds a postgraduate diploma in Human Resources and Social Policy Economics from the University of Paris 1.
He was formerly a researcher at the CNRS, project manager at the ANPE and in the Employment Department at the Labour Ministry.
From 1991 to 1993, he was technical advisor to Martine Aubry, Minister for Labour, Employment and vocational training and, Director of operations and Executive Vice President at the ANPE between 1993 and 1997.
From 1997 to 2001, he was technical advisor to Lionel Jospin, then Prime Minister, in charge of labour, employment and vocational training.
From 2001 to 2012, Gilles Gateau held various positions at the Human Resources Division of the EDF Group.
From 2012 to 2014, he was chief of staff for Michel Sapin, Minister of labour, employment, vocational training and social dialogue, then deputy chief of staff to the Prime Minister Manuel Valls from 2014 to end-2015.
He was appointed Executive Vice President Human Resources and Labour Relations at Air France on 4 January 2016.
A graduate of ESSEC Business School, Marie-Agnès Lucas de Peslouan joined Air France in 1989.
After occupying various functions within the Finance Division, she was appointed Treasurer in 1995.
In 2003, she joined the Flight Crew Pension Fund (CRPN) as Investments Manager.
In 2011, she was appointed Head of Corporate Finance, in charge of negotiating and preparing Air France asset financing, notably for the Air France-KLM group's real-estate assets and aircraft, as well as bond issues.
Marie-Agnès Lucas de Peslouan has been Head of Investor Relations for the Air France-KLM Group since January 2016.
She was appointed permanent Air France-KLM Representative on the Board of Directors, on 24 November 2016.
- 2016: Chief Operating Officer
- 2010: Executive Vice President Flight Operations Air France
- 2009: Trajectoire group manager
- 2006: Central professional level manager at the Flight Operations Division
- 2002: Head of the Boeing 737 sector and Flight Captain on B737
- 1999: Flight deck crew manager at Aéropostale
- 1998: Manager of the the B737 training department
- 1997: Flight deck crew manager for B737 training
- 1995: Flight captain on B737
Executive Director
Born on 21 October 1959, Eric Schramm obtained his IFR professional pilot licence in 1980 and trained as an instructor in 1981. He joined Air France in 1987 after successfully passing the pilot selection, as First Officer on B727, and subsequently qualifying for B747-200. Appointed flight captain on B737 in 1995, he became an instructor in 1996. The following year, he was appointed assistant flight deck crew manager for B737 training and took charge of this department in 1998. From 1999 to 2002, he was flight deck crew manager at Aéropostale and then head of the Boeing 737 sector from 2002 to 2004. He qualified as Boeing 777 flight captain in August 2004 and held the position of central professional level manager at the Flight Operations Division from March 2006 to November 2009. He was appointed Trajectoire group manager in November 2009. On 1st February 2010, he was appointed Executive Vice President Flight Operations Air France and became a member of the Executive Committee.
Eric Schramm was Chief Operating Officer and Accountable Manager at Air France from 1st December 2015 to 31 December 2016.
- Since 2014: CEO of Luskan
- Since 2013: Advisor to the Safran Group Chairman
- 2011: Deputy CEO of Safran Group
- 2003: Executive Vice President Social, Legal and Corporate Affairs for Safran Group
- 2002: Social advisor to the French Prime Minister
- 1992: Chief Executive Officer at Unedic
- 1986: Director of Human Resources at Air Inter
- 1982: Head of Social Policy for the Sacilor group
- 1976: Deputy Director of Administrative and Social Affairs at Renault
CEO of Luskan and Independant Director
Born on 24 June 1950, Dominique-Jean Chertier holds a master and post-graduate diploma in arts and is a graduate of Celsa.
From 1976 to 1982, he was Deputy Director of Administrative and Social Affairs at Renault and subsequently Head of Social Policy for the Sacilor group from 1982 to 1986.
From 1986 to 1991, he was Director of Human Resources at Air Inter and held the position of Chief Executive Officer at Unedic from 1992 to 2002.
After holding the position of deputy director of Group Human Resources at Snecma, he was appointed social advisor to the French Prime Minister from May 2002 to October 2003. He is Chairman of the Board for Pôle Emploi (French national employment agency).
In November 2003, he was appointed Executive Vice President Social, Legal and Corporate Affairs for Safran Group and in April 2011, he held the position of Deputy CEO of Safran Group until June 2013. He was Advisor to the Safran Group Chairman from July 2013 to July 2014.
He is currently CEO of Luskan.
Born on 18 March 1944, Jean-Pierre Courcol began his career in advertising. He was Advertising Manager and subsequently Sales Manager for the NKC agency from 1971 to 1974 before being appointed Managing Director at Havas Consulting and Chairman of Proserv Europe between 1975 and 1980.
He then pursued his career in the press where he was appointed development director in 1981 and Executive Vice President and member of the board for Le Parisien Libéré from 1983 to 1984. He managed the SNC l'Equipe (1984) before becoming Managing Director of Editions Philippe Amaury from 1990 to 1994.
From 1995 to 1996, Jean-Pierre Courcol was Chief Executive of Air Inter Europe until the merger with Air France, a period that gave birth to the "Navette".
From 1998 to 2002, he was Chairman of the Editions Philippe Amaury Management Board and Chairman of the Futuroscope Park Management Board.
Jean-Pierre Courcol was France's former number 4th ranked tennis player. He won the Nice tournament in 1967 and the men's singles in the French International covered court championships in 1969 as well as the French doubles championships in 1970. He held various associative positions, including Paris Tennis Club Chairman from 1987 to 1993.
Independent Director
Born on 30 March 1958, Bruno Mettling is a graduate of the IEP political science institute of Paris and the Aix en Provence law school. He began his career at the budget department of the Ministry of Finance before holding a succession of posts within different ministries.
He was in charge of financial matters at the Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Employment in 1988 before being made Deputy Vice President at the Ministry of Infrastructure, Housing, Transport and the Sea from 1988 to 1990. After working at the Finance Inspectorate in 1991, he joined the Ministry of Economy and Finance.
In 1995, Bruno Mettling was appointed Financial Controller and Deputy Vice President Finance for La Poste group.
In October 1999, he joined the Caisse nationale des Caisses d'Epargne where he reformed the human resources department, before being given responsibility for sales development and then the Company's strategic plan.
He joined the Banque Populaire Group in October 2004 as Executive Vice President, Banque Fédérale des banques Populaires, where he was appointed Deputy CEO on 1st July 2006.
In April 2010, he joined France Télécom in a social crisis context.
Executive Vice President and Group Human Resources Director, he was appointed Executive Vice President of the Orange Group on 1st November 2011.
He has been Deputy Chief Executive Officer for Orange operations in Africa and the Middle East and Africa since January 2016.
Independent director
Born on 5 June 1963, Ursula Saint-Léger is a History graduate from the Sorbonne University in Paris.
She began her professional career as Head of Recruitment in 1988 at Cap Gemini and then from 1992 to 1995 for Saint Gobain at SOCAR.
She was then Human Resources Consultant in the French subsidiary of Hewitt Associates from 1995 to 1998 before becoming Human Resources Manager for Inergy, part of the Plastic Omnium group from 1998 to 2002.
Ursula Saint Léger was appointed Director of Human Resources at Alstom Transmission and Distribution, which became Areva Transmission and Distribution in June 2002, where she was responsible for the implementation and deployment of new HR processes in the Asia-Pacific region, based in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam.
From 2004 to 2009, she was Deputy Managing Director of Human Resources and President of the European Works Council of a BEL20 Belgian company - Umicore, based in Brussels, Belgium.
She was subsequently appointed head of the Human Resources Division of TAQA, an energy company based in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates, where she was a member of the Management Committee.
Since October 2010, she has been Vice President Human Resources for the American company AptarGroup, member of the Executive Committee and President of the European Head Office based in France.
Independent director
Born on 13 January 1959, Bernard Spitz is a graduate of IEP Paris (Institute of Political Studies), ESSEC (Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Economiques et Commerciales) and ENA.
He began his career at the Conseil d'Etat and the Conseil de la Concurrence (rapporteur, and then maître des requêtes at the Conseil d'Etat from 1989). He was a member of the Cabinet for Prime Minister Michel Rocard (Advisor) and for Secretary of State for Planning Lionel Stoleru (Cabinet Director).
From 1992 to 1996, he was director of the Canal + group in charge of digital strategy and development. From 2000 to 2004, he was Director of Strategy for Vivendi Universal. From 2004 to 2011, he was in charge of the consulting firm BS Conseil.
From 2008 to 2016, he was President of the French Federation of Insurance Companies (FFSA), which he has continued since 2016 as President of the French Insurance Federation (FFA), which includes the FFSA and The GEMA (Group of Mutual Insurance Companies).
Since 2009, he has been a member of the governing bodies of the French Companies Movement (MEDEF), and is now a member of the Bureau and the Executive Committee and President of the International and European Pole (since July 2013).
He has also led or contributed to several government missions (transfer of the ashes of André Malraux to the Pantheon in 1996, e-business mission in 1997, General Assembly of the press in 2008, media and diversity in 2011) taught at ESSEC, Paris IEP and Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University, and was the author or co-author of several reports for the public authorities and numerous books (Notre Etat, with Roger Fauroux in 2001, C'est possible ! Voici comment...,with Michel Pébereau in 2007, Le Papy Krach in 2006 and On achève bien les jeunes in 2015). He is President of the Think Tank Les Gracques, Vice-President of the association Michelrocard.org and Secretary General of the association En Temps réel. He is in charge of the work of the Cyber Commission of the Club des Juristes.
Independent director
Born on 28 February 1978, Florence Verzelen is a graduate of the Ecole Polytechnique (specialising in Economics and Finance) and the Ecole des Mines.
After working in project financing at the Société Générale Investment Bank in New York in 2002, she worked at the European Commission from 2004 to 2007, first in the Trade division and then in the Competition division.
Florence Verzelen then joined the office of the Secretary of State for European Affairs, as an Advisor, in charge of industrial and commercial matters. She then joined the Engie group (GDF Suez), where she was Director of Group Acquisition activities between 2008 and 2010, and then became Manager of the subsidiary GDF Suez Qatar BV between 2010 and 2013.
Between 2013 and 2015, she held the position of President of the Performance Plan.
Since 2015, she has been Deputy Director of Engie Europe, in charge of Operations, Business Development and Innovation and Managing Director of Engie Russia.
She is also a member of the Supervisory board at PSA Peugeot Citroën as a permanent representative of SOGEPA since 2014, member of the Asia Business Development Committee and member of the Finance and Audit Committee.
Staff representative administrator
Born on 24 November 1961, After studying tourism, Valérie Coulon joined Air France in 1984 as a passenger service agent at CDG airport in passenger operations and sales. She then worked as a passenger service agent at Nantes airport from 1995 to 2002. For 12 years, she was a Sales Agent at the Air France ticket office in Nantes. She was also a CFDT Union Staff Representative for the entire Western France area.
Staff representative administrator
Born on 12 May 1959. After obtaining a bachelor's degree in 1978 in Tours, Didier Dague studied law. He joined Air France on 13 April 1987. He joined the Paris area commercial division as a Customer liaison Officer in 1987 and is still administratively attached to the Commercial France division as a group negotiator for the Tour Operator department. He represents the "Fédération de l'Equipement de l'Environnement, des Transports et des Services Force Ouvrière" at the Civil Aviation Council and the Civil Aviation Section of the European Federation of Transport.
Staff representative administrator
Born on 28 November 1958, Pascal Mathieu is an engineer and a graduate of the Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mechanique et d'Aerotechnique, specializing in propulsion at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Aeronautique et de l'Espace. After a period as a teacher, he did research and development on engines at SAFRAN. He joined Air Inter's Equipment Division in 1986, where he held various positions, including Mercure and Caravelle Maintenance Manager, then Airbus A320. From 1994 to the end of 2007 he was in charge of safety and working conditions at the central Human Resources Division. After working in the field of "seniors", he was in charge of coaching and professional support and reported directly to the EVP Human Resources and Social Policy.
Since 1989, Pascal Mathieu has had various responsibilities at Air France's CFE-CGC union. He is a founding member and co-president of OMNES, Chairman of the Flight Safety Union Forum and spokesperson of the Inter Union Syndicate.
Staff representative administrator
Born on 11 March 1973. Recruited by Air France in 1989 as an apprentice at the Vilgénis Training Centre for 3 years, David Ricatte officially joined the Company in July 1992 with a professional diploma in turbomachine mechanics and an Aircraft Maintenance Diploma as an aircraft engine mechanic.
After 9 months of experience on the B737, he left to do his National Service in April 1993 and returned to Air France in February 1994 where he joined the Fuel division, a team of mechanics specializing in fuel circuits for the entire fleet. This team is renowned throughout the world, which lead him to carry out several assignments abroad (Senegal, Ireland and China among others). He worked on all Air France aircraft, from the B737 to the Concorde.
In September 1999, David Ricatte joined the Airbus division where he was a flight engineer on the A320, A340 and then the A330.
He became a technician in September 2001.
At the end of 2001, he became a union representative, carrying out various mandates, from Staff Representative at the maintenance division to Central Union Representative in charge of communication for the Air France union the CGT.
Staff representative administrator
Born on 12 July 1968, Emmanuel Scoffier graduated from the Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile and started his career at Air Transport Méditerranée in July 1992 as an airline pilot. From 1992 to 1996, he worked as a pilot in business aviation. He was also a private pilot instructor. He joined Air France in 1996 where he held the position of First Officer on A320 and B767.
He has been a Flight Captain on A320 since 2007.
93.4million passengers carriedin 2016
200international customersfor the maintenance activity
350destinationsfor the cargo activity
34,646Ground staffin 2016
13,096flight attendantsin 2016
4,431pilotsin 2016
As the airline's main activity in terms of revenue, passenger traffic is Air France's core business. It draws on a balanced and dense network structured around its Paris-Charles de Gaulle hub and platforms in Paris-Orly and Lyon-Saint-Exupéry.
The "Passenger" activity involves passenger transport services on the regular flights of Air France and HOP! Air France. The airline's historical core business, Passenger is also the main activity in terms of revenues (nearly 80% of Air France-KLM's total revenues).
Passenger transport at Air France draws on an optimised network that is structured around the connections platform at Paris-Charles de Gaulle airport, as well as Paris-Orly for point-to-point domestic traffic and to French overseas departments, and Lyon-Saint-Exupéry for European inter-regional flights.
The Air France-KLM dual network covers 328 destinations in 118 countries worldwide.
93.4 millionpassengers transported in 2016
328destinations in 2016
118countries in 2016
As Air France's second-largest activity, freight traffic (Cargo) accounts for 9% of the Air France-KLM group's total revenues, under the Air France-KLM Martinair Cargo brand. In response to the crisis on the global cargo market in recent years, Air France has successfully conducted various restructuring operations, focusing in particular on the holds of passenger planes to transport freight.
At Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Air France Cargo has one of Europe's largest cargo centres: the G1XL terminal, which totals 130,000 m², 1,200 pallet positions and 77% of processed freight in transit. The terminal is fitted with the most advanced technologies, techniques and tools in the field. It also has modern facilities suited to its customers' needs: temperature-controlled facilities for processing pharmaceutical products, a storage platform positioned close to aircraft in preparation for loading operations, plus many more.
Air France-KLM Martinair Cargo places an emphasis on the capacities provided by the holds of its passenger aircraft, which enable 90% of freight be transported. These capacities are supplemented by those of the all-cargo aircraft, which support the Group's renowned expertise in transporting exceptional goods and serving supplementary stopovers. Air France-KLM also aims to grow its revenues by developing high value-added freight, such as express freight and post, which is expanding on the back of e-commerce, the pharmaceutical sector and aerospace.
The two hubs at Paris-Charles de Gaulle and Amsterdam-Schiphol, listed among Europe's top four air freight hubs, operate in tandem and offer complementary characteristics and flexibility. Thanks to their ideal positioning in Europe, they provide all customers access to the global scope of the Group's worldwide network.
1million de tonnes transportées en 2016
255escales en 2016
6avions cargo au 01/01/2017
From its very beginnings in 1933, Air France decided to handle its own aircraft maintenance operations. Alongside KLM, Air France markets its Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul (MRO) services under the Air France Industries KLM Engineering & Maintenance (AFI KLM E&M) brand to numerous airlines.
Aviation maintenance is the Air France-KLM group's third-largest business, with external revenue of €1.577 billion. In 2015, the order book of the AFI KLM E&M division saw strong growth, rising 12% over the year.
On the aviation maintenance or MRO (Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul) market, AFI KLM E&M is ranked second in the world among multi-product participants. AFI KLM E&M's mission is to guarantee the airworthiness of the Group's fleets under competitive conditions, while consolidating its position as the leading MRO player on its own market.
The Group operates in three major segments of the maintenance sector: airframe maintenance, engine maintenance and equipment support (electronic, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, etc.).
AFI KLM E&M currently supports nearly 200 client companies worldwide through an industrial and logistics network established in various strategic regions of the globe. This network guarantees AFI KLM E&M's clients local access to all of the group's services, adapted solutions and local stocks of spare parts.
1,25 milliardde chiffre d'affaires total en 2016
150compagnies aériennes clientes
1 500avions traités en 2016
A global alliance of 20 airlines
In 2000, Air France, Aeromexico, Delta and Korean Air created the SkyTeam alliance, which now has 20 members.
As the world's second-largest airline alliance, SkyTeam enables its member airlines, including Air France, to develop and supplement their respective offerings with flights operated by their partners.
The SkyTeam airline alliance aims to provide a comprehensive offering in passenger and freight traffic and enrich the services of its member airlines, without the need for additional investment in their fleets.
Specifically, it provides these airlines' passengers with the ability to travel on flights operated by multiple airlines, accumulate air miles from different airlines and enjoy over 630 lounges in airports the world over.
What's more, specific products are developed and marketed within the alliance, such as "Pass", which allows passengers to travel in the destination region at competitive rates, and the global contracts for large companies.
With the integration of Xiamen Airlines in 2012, SkyTeam has consolidated its position as the number one airline alliance in Greater China, with 142 destinations served in the region.
A transatlantic joint venture with Delta and Alitalia
The transatlantic joint venture set up by Air France-KLM, Delta and Alitalia involves the joint operation and the sharing of revenues and costs of over 250 daily transatlantic flights connecting the nine hubs run by the four airlines.
To date, it accounts for nearly 25% of the total capacity between Europe and North America.
Founded in 2009 together with Delta, the joint venture was expanded to Alitalia the following year. It covers all flights between North America, Mexico and Europe via an integrated collaboration.
Under a closely collaborative process, all flights between North America and Mexico to and from the Mediterranean basin, Africa, Gulf countries and India, as well as flights from Europe to and from Central America, Columbia, Venezuela, Peru and Ecuador, are also covered.
Passengers of the four airlines receive a number of benefits, including a broader choice of destinations and frequency of flights, competitive rates, harmonised services on the ground and in the air, and dedicated booking centres on both sides of the Atlantic.
The joint venture set up by Air France-KLM, Delta and Alitalia is contractual. It involves a partnership and therefore the sharing of tasks, costs and revenues, with no capital contribution.


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Policy & Politics House Passes Bill That Would Alter HIV Testing Requirements for Prison Inmates; Chamber Also Approves Global Poverty BillSeptember 26, 2007 The House on Tuesday passed by voice vote a bill (HR 1943) that would alter HIV testing requirements for federal prison inmates, CQ Today reports (Perine, CQ Today, 9/25). Current federal law and Bureau of Prisons regulations require people sentenced to six months or more in prison to receive an HIV test if it is determined that they are at risk for the virus. The bill is sponsored by Rep. Maxine Waters (D-Calif.). Under the bill, HIV tests would be required for inmates entering and leaving prison. Inmates would be allowed to opt out of HIV testing unless they were exposed to an HIV risk, such as a pregnancy or a sexual encounter, in prison. In these cases, prisoners would be required to be tested. Global Poverty Bill Back to other news for September 2007
UNAIDS Urges Donors to Quadruple Global Spending on HIV/AIDS to Meet Goal of Providing Universal Access to Antiretrovirals by 2010 This article was provided by Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. It is a part of the publication Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report. Visit the Kaiser Family Foundation's website to find out more about their activities, publications and services.


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This is very seductive in theory, but in practice it does not work. The regional lists tend to dilute the constituency link of the constituency MPs in two ways. The constituencies would have to be much larger under AMS, in Germany often having as many as 300,000 voters each. Also, many constituency MPs are also on a regional list. Michael Portillo and (even worse) Neil Hamilton could have got back into Parliament through the back door created by the regional lists. It would become impossible for the electorate to kick out any MP whom the party wanted in Parliament.
The system which most effectively combines proportionality with the constituency link is the system used in Ireland, the Single Transferable Vote. Constituents can choose which MP in a multi-member constituency they prefer to represent them. MPs, and candidates from the same party are in competition with each other for the same votes. In the last four Irish general elections, two-thirds of the TDs (MPs) from the Fianna Fail party who lost their seats lost to other Fianna Fail candidates.
It is very difficult for the parties to control who gets elected, as there are no safe seats. The people of Tatton would not even have needed Martin Bell to remove Neil Hamilton - he would have been defeated by other Tory candidates in the same area.
Abergavenny, Gwent
- More about:
- Fianna Fáil
- Germany
- Irish Politics
- Michael Portillo


text: Virtual On 360: The TrailerLuke Plunkett2/27/09 8:30amFiled to: ClipsVirtual OnVirtual On Oratorio TangramSegaXbox Live ArcadeXbox 36020EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink Just in case you thought this was all some kind of sick, sick joke, here. The trailer for the Xbox Live Arcade port of Sega's Virtual On Oratorio Tangram. Isn't' it glorious?Reply20 repliesLeave a reply


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SW Virginia law blog
Southwest Virginia law blog.
Thursday, November 06, 2003
Charlottesville lawyer gives up license over settlement check
According to
this story
in the Daily Progress, a lawyer in Charlottesville who had been practicing since 1986 and was once listed in a survey among a group of people identified as "assets to the community" has given up her law license "after admitting she concocted an elaborate charade to pocket a client's $13,500 settlement check."
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England U21 caretaker coach Brian Eastick was pleased with Arsenal winger Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain's performance for victory over Belgium.
Eastick believes Oxlade-Chamberlain will have learnt more by playing in Middlesbrough tonight than if he had been at Wembley with the seniors.
"Stuart Pearce has been quite honest about his role with the Under-21s. He's a very talented player and he will eventually play for the senior team. But he's played an important part in a big match tonight and that will hold him in good stead for the future.""He's an outstanding talent," Eastick said. "He got a good 90 minutes here. If he was with the senior squad he might have been on the bench or in the stands, so we thought it was important for his football education to play here tonight.


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Evolution Worlds Cheats :
Secret - Unlimited Naolin Gold:
by mikepwndu May 18, 2009
On the carrier where you fight Eugene is a room with a soldier lying on the bed. The window on the door has a red cross on it. Approach the shelf towards the back of the room and you will get a Naolin Gold each time that you talk to it. |
Sorry, to fulfil this action you have to be CheatsGuru User
Evolution Worlds Cheats: |


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Select the text below and copy the link.
You are here: Funding Results / Recent competition results
The following table provides listings of grants and awards funded in recent competitions.
Results are presented by type of award and competition. For your convenience, we've also indicated the date of deadline for the original competition.
Current funding statistics
Detailed information about all grants and awards that are being funded through the Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute is available in our online research portfolio – a searchable database of funded research.
Last modified on: February 3, 2017


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About American Hydrotech
American Hydrotech, Inc.®, is a recognized leader in the development, production and distribution of premium waterproofing and roofing products. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, the company was founded in 1977 after acquiring the United States distribution rights for Monolithic Membrane 6125®, a unique waterproofing membrane developed in the early 1960's by Uniroyal Ltd. The membrane has been installed worldwide on over 2 billion square feet of roof decks, plazas, vertical foundations, reflecting pools and other structures in over 45 countries.
Today, Hydrotech's flagship product remains Monolithic Membrane 6125, a hot fluid-applied, rubberized asphalt for waterproofing and roofing applications. MM6125 is thick, seamless, easy to detail and bonds tenaciously to the substrate. The product has been in the marketplace for 50 years, with an unsurpassed performance history
American Hydrotech, Inc. has achieved continued growth through the addition of new products and assemblies and expansion of marketing efforts. Hydrotech products are sold through an extensive network of sales representatives, many of whom are recognized industry-wide as roofing and waterproofing experts. Furthermore, Hydrotech's products are only sold to pre-approved contractors, to ensure quality of workmanship during installation.
Additional products and assemblies available from Hydrotech include:
- Architectural finish pavers as part of the Ultimate Assembly®
- Garden Roof® Assembly, vegetated roofs
- Hydrodrain®, a family of drainage composites
- Hydroflex®, protection materials
- STYROFOAM® brand insulation products
- Hydroguard®, a lightweight insulation/ballast board for Protected Membrane Roof (PMR) applications
- VM60®, a self-adhering waterproofing membrane for vertical applications


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I'm sure by now many of you have heard about the new Lifeway Women event called Abundance. And we're hoping to see many of you there this year.
I'm planning to attend the first one in Houston, Texas on March 23-24 and was so excited when I saw this video for the Abundance event yesterday. It will make you want to get in line right now.


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Research Hypotheses
Category : Education
For many college students, there is nothing more frightening than being called upon in class. The mere mention of English classes in particular is enough to instill panic in these students because of the amount of verbal and written participation involved. Unlike science or mathematics courses that rely upon concrete reasoning and problem solving in which answers can be easily determined with proficiency in the subject areas, English courses frequently entail individual interpretation and analysis of literature. This type of methodical thinking involves taking some risks because it is often more personal. According to Jonassen and Grabowski (1993) those who may be regarded as high risk takers in life are not in any way deterred in English classes for they are by nature verbally active. They also indicated that to the more cautious person, the prospect of making a mistake and exposing oneself to ridicule represents shame and social embarrassment. In these extreme anxiety situations, more often than not, being called upon to answer a question may drive a student to resort to invent what is considered to be an appropriate response (selecting an answer based on the perception of what the teacher is seeking) in order to appear coherent and articulate (Reeves 1996). This can be termed (risk- taking).
Risk- taking refers to the learner's ability to "gamble" a bit, to be willing to try out hunches about the language and take the risks of being wrong (Brown, 1994). A more comprehensive definition of risk-taking was provided by Ely (1986) as "language class risk-taking refers to an individual's tendency to assume risk in using the L2 in the second language class". The definition implies that risk-taking involves four dimensions: a lack of hesitancy about using a newly encountered linguistic element; a willingness to use complex or difficult linguistic elements; a tolerance of possible incorrectness while using the language; and an inclination to practice a new element silently before speaking it aloud.
Much of college student learning involves feelings of self-esteem and self-worth, which ultimately manifests itself in academic performance, particularly in an English classroom (Pintrich 1994). This is often refers to as female perfectionism (Jonassen and Grabowski 1993). In an English class those perfectionists may actually paralyze themselves, avoiding new experiences for fear of failure. Therefore, adult female college students are likely to personalize their fear of making a mistake as an admission that, I am afraid no one will like what I have to say (Broz 1999).
Risk-taking is one of the personality factors that is believed to foster language learning (Beebe1983; Ely 1986; H. Brown 1999; Thanasoulas 2000; McNamara 1973; Mc Gillick 1993; Neihart 1999 to mention but a few) and a good language learner as suggested by Rubin (1975) and Symonds (1992) is the one who likes to take risks and initiate conversations. Though risk-taking as suggested by Scovel (2000) can be one of psychological factors that may be an affective variable of the emotions that influence the way in which we learn languages. But such a personality factor is not variable. Also, observations reveal that some shy learners who may be less risk-takers in one English class are good risk-takers in another.
The question is whether or not such a personality factor can be reinforced and used to increase students' ability to learn the language more easily? And whether or not such a personality factor can be affected by other factors such as the subject, the teacher and the classmates?
Literature Survey
Most of the studies on risk-taking have attempted to investigate the relationship between risk-taking and situational and individual factors as well as other personality factors. The following is a summary of the results of some of those studies.
Studies examined the relationship between risk-taking and situational factors. Beebe (1983) carried out a comprehensive research on the relationship between risk-taking and interviewer ethnicity, accuracy and avoidance. She presented data from Puerto Rican bilingual (Spanish-English) children. The children were interviewed on four occasions; once by a monolingual English interviewer; once by a bilingual (Spanish dominant) interviewer; once by a bilingual (English dominant) interviewer; once by all three interviewers, in group of three children. Beebe operationalized risk taking in terms of number of attempts to use do insertion in WH-questions, avoidance of such amount of talk, and amount of information volunteering. She found that interviewer ethnicity, accuracy and avoidance situational factors could affect risk-taking level of the interviewees. Ely (1986) studied the risk-taking behaviour of university students enrolled in Spanish courses. Classroom participation was measured as the times a student said something in Spanish without being called on to do so. Ely found that students' risk-taking behaviour was a positive predictor of students' voluntary classroom participation.
Studies that tried to investigate the relationship between risk-taking and individual factors include that of Clifford and Chou (1991). They studied the effects of pay-off and task context on academic risk-taking. They found that both the variable pay-off that the learners get and game context increased the level of academic risk-taking. A study on the relationship between risk-taking and EFL reading comprehension was done by Moghadasian-Rad (1994, as cited in Kiany and Pournia, 2006). He found that students' risk-taking level did not affect their grades in reading comprehension. Another recent study by Kiany and Pournia (2006) found that there is no significant relationship between language learners' risk-taking, syntactic complexity and grammatical accuracy in writing tasks. They also wrote (2006:10):
However, as already mentioned, what needs to be taken into consideration is the fact that
although risk-taking is a personality factor, it is primarily dependant upon the situation. Therefore language teachers can encourage an optimal level of risk-taking by controlling the
classroom environment. The feedback given to the students can also be argued as a means for
controlling the class environment..
Studies related to the relationship between risk-taking and other personality factors can be divided into two groups. One group of studies investigated the relationship between learners' risk-taking in second language classrooms as an essential factor of MacIntyre's et al.'s willingness to communicate model (WTC) and individual's personality factors that may hinder or facilitate language learning. The factors are extroversion, risk-taking, self-esteem, anxiety and empathy. An example is Wen and Clement's study (2003) which amended the WTC model. Part of the results is that risk-taking and tolerance of ambiguity seem more affectively related and culturally significant in a Chinese English Classroom than other personality factors in the students' willingness to communicate. Another study that investigated the correlation between risk-taking and other personality factor is that of Naiman et al (1978). They studied the individuals' sensitivity to rejection to find if it might affect active participation in language class. They administered the Mehrabian Sensitivity to Rejection scale (1970) to their subjects, 72 eighth-, tenth- and twelfth- grade Anglophone students of French as a second language. The result showed that there was no significant relationship between the individuals' sensitivity to rejection and active participation in language class. They also found a little correlation, either positive or negative, between sensitivity to rejection, a trait intrinsic to risk-taking, and language learning success. Chapelle and Roberts (1986) studied the influence of cognitive and affective variables on adult second language learning abilities. Two variables, field independence and tolerance of ambiguity, were found to be significant predictors of English as a second language proficiency for international students studying in the United States of America. They also stated that tolerance of ambiguity and risk-taking seem to exhibit the highest correlation with success in second language learning.
The present study will investigate the relationship between risk-taking and some situational factors. It will measure the influence of some foreign language classroom factors on risk-taking. The factors are: subject taught, the mood of the classroom and support of classmates (classroom setting), and encouragement of the teacher. None of the previous studies mentioned in this paper measured the relationship between these situational factors and risk-taking. Consequently, the researcher will study these factors' effects on female college students' risk-taking.
Statement of the problem
Usually when English is taught as a foreign language, the classroom becomes an important setting where learners reinforce their language learning. However, some learners are not willing to take risks and interact in English classrooms; a fact may hinder their language development. In Saudi colleges, English learners are generally not risk takers and usually shun from interaction in English language classes. In Alhassa Community College, for example, most of the students in the English department are generally not risk takers and in some English classes, the teacher becomes the only speaker and sometimes she has to force students to interact. It had been noted that while the same learners hesitate to take risks and interact in one English class, may take risks and speak using new language structures in another. The reasons that drive students to take risks and participate in one class and inhibit some students from participation in classes are still undetermined. They might be partly due to students, to classroom setting (afraid of environment, teacher, or classmates), or to the nature of subject taught. The investigation of such factors and their relation to risk-taking is the topic of this research.
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the current study is to examine the effects of the teacher, the subject taught and the classroom setting on female college students' risk-taking in English writing, speaking and grammar classes.
Working Questions
This study tries to find answers for the following questions:
1. To what extent are second-year college students willing to take-risks in English writing, speaking and grammar classes?
2. What reasons does a college student have for taking or not taking-risks in English classes?
3. What do adult female students need to take risks in English classes?
4. Is students' risk-taking behaviour due to teachers' attitude in English classes or is it due to classroom settings?
Research Hypotheses
Specifically this research will test the following hypotheses:
1. There is no correlation between female college student's risk-taking in English classroom and classroom setting.
2. There is a correlation between female college student's risk- taking in English classroom and different teachers.
3. There is a correlation between female college student's risk- taking in English writing and grammar classes.
Significance of the study
Revealing the influence of the teacher, the classroom setting and the subject taught on risk-taking is an important step towards overcoming English learning problems. It is hoped that by addressing the influence of such factors on students' risk-taking, the study will enhance women's contribution to programme designers, text-book designers and teachers' trainers. It attempts to elevate the awareness of stakeholders of risk-taking as a vital factor of English language learning and provide a clear perspective of how it can be reinforced effectively in the language classroom to produce the best learning results.
Methodology of the Study
Three methods will be used to collect data for the study:
1- A questionnaire (see appendix A) consists of four major categories each containing a number of items. The categories include: risk-taking (13 items); teacher (6 items); classroom setting (8 items); and subjects taught (3 items). The choices are given numerical values that manifest the degree of the preference or tendency of the subjects towards the items of the questionnaire, on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). The questionnaire will be distributed to a total of sixty four second-year college students in Alhassa Community College. It was developed upon reviewing some risk-taking questionnaires. It adapted Venturesomeness Eyseck's questionnaire (1991) and Ely's risk-taking pilot questionnaire (1986). Items relevant to the present study hypotheses were added. The questionnaire was standardized in order to measure its reliability and validity. First, the reliability of the questionnaire was tested using two different tests. These tests were Cronbach's Alpha and Spearman-Brown's equal-length split-half test. Alpha reliability and split-half reliability were 0.68 and 0.60 respectively. Consequently, the reliability of the questionnaire obtained from the data will be acceptable. Second, construct validity was tested through computing the correlation coefficient between some risk-taking items and other items test teachers, subjects taught and classroom settings items which may influence students' risk-taking items. Table 1 shows an example of some items correlation. These values reflect a satisfactory degree of the reliability and the validity of the questionnaire.
Table 1
Pearson Correlation
I am afraid that when I make a mistake, I appear unintelligent to peers |
In class, I feel too tense to participate |
I do not like competitions |
In class I feel shy expressing myself in English |
I get embarrassed if my classmates laugh at me |
Some teachers encourage me to participate actively and freely in English classes |
I am afraid that when I make a mistake, the teacher laughs at me |
I am afraid that when I participate in class, the teacher comments negatively to my responses |
.287* |
.301* |
.323* |
.496** |
.277* |
-.329* |
.451** |
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed)
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)
2- In-depth individual audio taped interviews with three English teachers in Alhassa Community College.
3-Approximately fifty hours of observation of English classes in Alhassa Community College will be done to collect data from real situations (Ten hours in speaking class A, ten hours in speaking class B, ten hours in writing class B, ten hours in grammar class A and ten hours in grammar class B).
The investigation will consist of fifty hours of observation of sixty four second-year-female students' risk-taking in Alhassa Community College in three different settings as follows:
1. Same class group with two different teachers teaching same subject, which is grammar, to study influence of the teachers on risk-taking.
2. Same class group with same teacher teaching two different subjects, which are grammar and writing, to study influence of the subject taught on risk-taking.
3. Two different class groups with same teacher teaching same subject, which is speaking, to study influence of the students' individual differences on risk-taking.
The observation scale is based on verbal observation scale of Horn's (1973). Items relevant to the present study hypotheses were added (see appendix b).
Pilot Study
A pilot study was conducted on a group of fifty four second-year college students. The objectives of the pilot study were to test the questionnaire as an essential study instrument, estimate the time needed to complete the questionnaire, identify any potential problems and difficulties that might arise while conducting the study. Testing reliability and validity of the questions asked; the willingness of the respondents to answer the questions and to collaborate with the study were also tested. Some items were changed when participants suggested that they should be clearer and simpler.
Some primary results of the pilot study showed that female college students are higher risk-taker in English speaking than in writing and grammar classes (see table 2). They are also high risk-takers by using Ely's scale. But measuring their responses to some social and cultural perspective items, they seemed moderate risk-takers (see table 3). Most of students think that the teacher can encourage them to take-risks in different ways.
Table 2
Frequencies Participating in English classes
frequency |
percent |
Speaking |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
15 15 4 12 8 |
27.8 27.8 7.4 22.2 14.8 |
Grammar |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
9 16 7 14 8 |
16.7 29.6 13.0 25.9 14.8 |
Writing |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
2 13 10 18 11 |
3.7 24.1 18.5 33.3 20.4 |
Table 3
Responses frequencies to Ely's risk-taking scale and some social /cultural perspective
frequency |
percent |
Ely's Risk-taking Scale |
In class, I do not like trying to express complicated ideas in English. |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
6 12 5 18 13 |
11.1 22.2 9.3 33.3 24.1 |
I prefer to say what I want in English without worrying about the small details of grammar. |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
13 22 7 6 6 |
24.1 40.7 13.0 11.1 11.1 |
In class, I prefer to say a sentence to myself before I speak it. |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
25 23 2 2 2 |
46.3 42.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 |
I like to try out new words and structures that I am not completely sure of. |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
9 26 10 6 3 |
16.7 48.2 18.5 11.1 5.6 |
In class, I participate only when I called upon by teachers |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
4 5 7 15 23 |
7.4 9.3 13.0 27.8 42.6 |
Some social and cultural perspective |
I think carefully before I speak |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
26 18 7 3 0 |
48.1 33.3 13.0 5.6 0 |
I do not like competitions |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
6 12 5 12 19 |
11.1 22.2 9.3 22.2 35.2 |
I like things to be perfect |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
23 21 8 1 1 |
42.6 38.9 14.8 1.9 1.9 |
I listen carefully before I speak |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
29 20 3 1 1 |
53.7 37.0 5.6 1.9 1.9 |
When I speak English in class, I say as little as possible |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
5 12 8 19 10 |
9.3 22.2 14.8 35.2 18.5 |
In class, I feel shy expressing myself in English |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
7 15 4 16 12 |
13.0 27.8 7.4 29.6 22.2 |
When I make a mistake, it annoys me because that is a symbol of how poor my performance is. |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
9 16 7 17 5 |
16.7 29.6 13.0 31.5 9.3 |
I do not like to be boring to peers when participating in English classes. |
Strongly agree Agree Not sure Disagree Strongly disagree |
6 4 6 24 14 |
11.1 7.4 11.1 44.4 25.9 |
Result Analysis
The latest version of "SPSS" Computer programme will be used to analyse the data and present it by means of graphical representations. The respondents will grade statements (using the Likert-scale) regarding their experiences in English classes. By employing the Likert-scale, the study will give an idea on the significance of the gathered responses. Moreover, it would provide a specific description of the answers imparted by the respondents, which would concurrently aid the researcher to organize suitable conclusions and sound recommendations.
This study will be conducted in Alhassa female Community College in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The reason behind choosing the Community College is that it is the only girls' college in Alhassa where we can find two English subject classes of the same level taught by two different teachers in the same term. Moreover, each class has only thirty two female students which makes comparison among classes alot easier and meaningful.
Only female college teachers and learners of English will participate in the study. The productive language skills classes writing and speaking are chosen to measure production; while grammar is also chosen because it is a common component to all language skills.