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Jolie House - PUIS103
Pretty house with swimming pool which can either be shared with the owners or can be private for an extra charge. Village location. Friendly owners. 2 bedrooms / 1 bathroom. Sleeps up to 5.
Property Description
Enter the property from a small lane in the village centre and in through large metal gates to the courtyard parking area where there is sufficient space for 3 cars. The owners park their 2 cars here but only come into the courtyard to walk to and from the cars. Their own house entrance is separate to the rental property.
To your left is the fully enclosed swimming pool which has a gate and a key so it can be kept locked all the time for safety. There are sunbeds around the pool and a terrace shower. The owners have a 5-year old child and would only use the pool if you went out for the day for example, otherwise you will have it to yourselves. If you want exclusive use of the pool then this is possible for an extra charge of 200 euros.
There is a private terrace with BBQ, table, chairs and parasol, directly outside the house and a small patch of grass. Plenty of vines and flowers grow around the terrace. There are also herbs which you can pick and use on your barbecue.
Large main living area with a kitchen with oven, hobs, grill, washing machine, dishwasher, fridge freezer, ironing board, iron. Doors open onto the terrace.
Dining table with 4 chairs (highchair can be supplied). Lounge area with sofas, small table, large TV with some satellite channels, video player, playstation.
Separate WC.
Up stone steps (fitted with a stairgate) to a large bedroom with a double bed of 160cm plus a single bed. High beamed ceilings and a large wardrobe.
Next door is a smaller room with a convertible bed which can either be 2 twin beds or one double bed. There is a window with a metal safety grille.
Bathroom with shower, basin and WC.
- The owner leaves several bottles of wine out for the guests as a welcome gift.
- The house is exceptionally well equipped and has a cool box, plastic plates etc for children, a bottle warmer, a baby alarm which can be used if you are at the pool and you have a child asleep in the house. There are games and cards and books etc. and a very comprehensive folder with lots of information on the area.
- On arrival the owner invites her guests to a welcome aperatif on their first evening if they are not too tired so she can give them any information and assistance they require.
- The outside area consists of the pool area, the private terrace and the courtyard, all of which are a good size. There is no other garden area.
- The friendly owners live next door to the house so they are on hand for any problems but otherwise they will not disturb you. Their house joins the rental house as a 90° angle but they put up screening in the summer and keep their shutters closed so that both their guests and they feel completely private and not overlooked.
Fully enclosed swimming pool with gate and lock.
Terrace around the pool with sunbeds and exterior shower.
Private off-road parking in the courtyard.
Private terrace with brick built-in BBQ, table, chairs and parasol, directly outside the house. Plenty of vines and flowers grow around the terrace. There are also herbs which you can pick and use on your barbeque.
2 adult mountain bikes available on request.
- Internet
- Satellite TV
- Easy Walk to Shops
- Private Pool
- Shared Pool
- Secure fenced pool
- Private Parking
- Secure Parking
- Child Friendly
- BBQ Area
- Terrace
- Shared Property
- 2+ Bedrooms
rental period | weekly rate |
25 Feb 2017 - 28 Apr 2017 | €605 |
29 Apr 2017 - 26 May 2017 | €610 |
27 May 2017 - 23 Jun 2017 | €740 |
24 Jun 2017 - 25 Aug 2017 | €1330 |
26 Aug 2017 - 22 Sep 2017 | €740 |
Fees and conditions
- Security Deposit: €500.00
- Exclusive use of pool 200€
- Security deposit of 500 euros, payable in cash or by cheque to the owners on arrival. Returned on departure.
Kitchen area - oven, hobs, washing machine, dishwasher, fridge freezer, toaster etc. Doors to terrace.
Bedrooms - one bedroom with double bed and a single bed.
Second bedroom with convertible bed which can either be 2 twin beds or one double bed.
Bathroom - one shower room with shower, basin and WC.
One separate WC.
It is a short stroll into the village centre which has bakery, newsagent, tobacconist, grocery store, butcher, hairdressers etc or you can sit in the shade outside the cafés and restaurants on the village's Promenade.
The Black Mountains provide the backdrop for this charming village, while the Pyrenees may be seen in the distance.
Puisserguier is 15 km from the city of Beziers and 20 km from the coast.
In this sun-drenched corner of the south of France, you'll find sandy beaches lapped by the Mediterranean sea, wild open spaces in the Cevennes hills, monasteries and castles for Languedoc sightseeing, and vineyards where you can taste some of the best Languedoc wines around.
Puisserguier is a medieval village, from the Romanesque times, with a castle built in the 11th and 12th centuries, in the middle of circular narrow streets (circulade). Walks in the vineyards are organized throughout the summer and there are excellent restaurants in the area. Open markets are held in the village or in the vicinity, where you can find local products.
The Canal du Midi, 4 km away, offers beautiful walks, cycling, or cruises leaving from the Colombiers harbour.
St Chinian, 10km away, well known for its wines, Narbonne at 24 km, and Carcassonne, 88km, are worth a visit. As are Roquebrun, in the National Park of the upper Languedoc, the Abbey of Fontcaude, the 'Oppidum' at Enserune, and much more interesting touring places.
The beach at Valras, 25 km away, offers nautical activities and a Casino. The golf courses of Beziers St Thomas, Cap d'Agde or Lamalou-les-Bains are beautiful and Spain is only 90min drive from the house.
The town of Beziers is primarily famous for it's bullfights, rugby, and wine from the vineyards of the surrounding area.
The Allees Paul Riquet, in the heart of the town of Beziers, is a broad tree lined esplanade with shops along one side and a multitude of bars, cafes and restaurants along the other. There is always something to see along the Allees, whether it be a local fair celebrating regional produce or a festival, or the regular Friday flower market, one of the best in the area; or the antiques market on the first Saturday of the month.
Clermont l´Herault is a busy market town set in beautiful countryside surrounded by olive groves.
The swimmers and sunbathers do not miss out here as there is a beautiful lake in nearby Salagou.Here you may also enjoy activities such as fishing,watersports and horse riding.
The city of Carcassonne is Europe's largest fortified citadel and a popular place to visit. Once you've come to terms with the spectacle of a full size medieval walled city and have passed through the huge gates into the city itself, there is much to see. Through it's maze of narrow cobbled streets lie an abundance of small shops selling a variety of hand made jewellery, leather goods and artwork.
Visited by one of our team. Highly recommended.
Places of interest near this property
Ref: PUIS103
Property photos were accurate and expectations exceeded. The contact with Juliana was very nice. She's friendly and cooperative.
Ref: PUIS103
Previous Guests Comments :What magnificent holidays we passed at this house. Perfectly situated in a very beautiful region, this house offers all the comfort; we feel at home there. Florence was always available to help us, to improve our comfort. An address to be recommended.We have just returned from a marvellous two weeks in Puisserguier. The house is lovely and has just about everything you could possibly need. Village not particularly picturesque but has shops and a couple of restaurants, and only about 25 minutes to the beach and in an excellent location for touring. Beziers only 15 minutes away and Carcassonne only an hour away. Canal du Midi 4km away and bikes available from the house so perfect for some cycling along the tow paths. Florence and her family were excellent hosts, on hand if needed but unobtrusive - a perfect combination. Thank you!We have just returned from the most relaxing holiday we have had for years. The house was beautifully decorated and with the tiled floors and beamed ceilings retained much of its original rustic charm. Outside there is a shaded dining area with a barbecue and grape vines growing overhead. The pool was in its own separate gated area (making it safe for families with small children) and was sunny and secluded. Florence, the owner, is welcoming and very helpful, but not intrusive.The village centre is a few minutes walk away through attractive streets. We found everything we needed in the way of shops and restaurants and didn't really need to venture much further! The wine cave in the village 'Domaine Pech de Saint Paul' is well worth a visit to sample the local wines.We took a trip out to Carcassonne which is within easy reach and swam in the river at Roquebrun.We would definitely recommend this property for anyone wanting a relaxed and peaceful holiday. We have teenage children and they enjoyed just chilling out by the pool.This property exceeded our expectations. Florence (the proprietor) once worked in the hotel industry, and it truly shows. She has an eye for detail and design that I haven't seen even in many 4 -star hotels. She and her husband Gerard were absolutely wonderful hosts. The property is beautifully kept and private, yet within walking distance of the medieval center of Puisserguier. Both the living room/dining room area and the master bedroom were large and airy with phenomenally high, beamed ceilings. The bathroom and windows were basically new and redone with quality materials. The pool is private and actually a swimmable size rather than merely a cooling-off station. The village is in the heart of the wine producing area of Languedoc -- Florence and Gerard were kind enough to greet us with bottles produced by the local wine makers. Besides containing a 13th century church and the remnants of its own chateau, Puisserguier is surrounded by the ruins (and not so ruined remainders) of 12th century abbeys and castles, such sites being easily locatable as Florence has had the foresight to compile brochures and maps for most of the major and minor attractions in the area. For the most part, the area has not yet been overrun by tourists, so if you speak a little French or even if you don't, it is a wonderful place to get an exposure to life in southern France. If this is the way grape pickers live in Languedoc, whatever am I doing working in the States?" The property description was accurate and it matched our expectations. The contact with Juliana was very nice. She's friendly and cooperative. "Tsanko ( Summer 2010 ) -
Ref: PUIS103
The property's description and photos were very acurate and it exceeded our expectations. I think that the property is good value for money and we had a thoroughly enjoyable time!


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Thursday, March 15, 2012
51 comments:
- AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 11:03 AM
Man, Why not leave the Philippines now?
And Philippines, More Improvements! :))))Replies- AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 4:27 PM
is this supposed to be a reaction? palayasin yung tao pag napintasan? dapat marunong din tayong tumangap ng criticisms para dun tayo mag improve...anu yun gusto nyo puro lang magaganda sabihin? anu kayo sinuswirti?
- AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 11:07 AM
i agree with him! this vid should be a wake up call! di kailangan kainisan ang video na to. naiinis lang ang mga tao kasi alam nilang totoo. THE TRUTH HURTS! kailangan tanggapin na maraming mali at kailangang baguhin sa bansa natin.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 11:17 AM
Pwede ng constructive criticism.. Pero medyo OA.. Sounds like whining na tuloy..
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousMarch 17, 2012 at 9:46 AM
OO nga! Sana constructive criticism... He just keeps saying "f***" here and there... He's already whining. I agree about what he's saying about our country, but it doesn't mean that our country is any less of a country than America. Why is he here in the first place? And he's been here for three years...
- AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 11:23 AM
sympre nakakaasar ang video nato para sa mga Pilipino pero para saken my point sya.realidad naman sinabi nya like yung mga nagkalat na basura at pagkapkap ng guard sa mga malls...siguro sa susunod para maiwasan ang ganitong klase ng video,simulan naten ang pagbabago sa ating mga sarili para wala na masabi masama ang mga foreigners.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 11:36 AM
This video was created to spite and anger us Pinoys. You can critique intelligently without being trashy like this. Why? Which country is perfect?
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 7:42 PM
i don't believe he did this to make us mad. this is actually a good eye opener for us. we need to improve things or else we'll be going to a crappy path. mas mabuti sana if he pointed out things that he liked bout our country para balance naman. ndi lang nega na lng
- AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 12:17 PM
Hahahahahaha! Nice video!!! Although me pagkastereo type coz a part of Cebu city lang naman ata napuntahan nya. Check Nya mga private owned lands like BGC at Makati Greenbelt at the likes. Hahahahahaha! Pero gnun ang public at govt runned places all over the Philippines. Iba pag private.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 12:23 PM
Problem is, wala namang gagawin to solve the issue. Wake up call sa mga Filipino pero magkikibit balikat lang naman.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 12:36 PM
ako sa opinion ko...wlang mali s mga pinapakita nya about sa bansa natin...i am also a filipino yeah agree ako n my point xa kc andami tlgang basura sa atin,tska pati mga sasakyan di marunong sumunod sa traffic rules at higit sa lhat my marrumi tlgang toilets sa atin!at ang ingay ng mga sasakyan panay beep2x!na kung tutuusin mag horn lamang kng tlgang kinakailngan...d2s japan pg panay beep mo ansama n ng tingin s iyo kc maingay lalo nat hndi kailngan mag beep!minsan inuwi ko aswa ko s pinas his a japanese...grabe kkahiya tlga kc s isang resto kumain kami tpos nag toilet xa OMG!ang dumi ng toilet my ebs n hndi nadala s pag flush pgpasok nya!na shockd xa to think n restaurant yun...tska wlang proper manners ang mga salesladies s dprtmnt store....andaming salesladies kaso panay chika lng pansinin nyo.pati mag wrap ng pinamili mo 3 pa cla s counter w/c is pwede nman isa or 2 kso 3 tpos panay usap/tsismis lng...
...sna wag nmn po kau magagalit s knya sapagkat ang lhat ng cnabi nya ay pawang katotohanan nmn po tungkol s bansa natin.... - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 12:40 PM
the video is not being trashy or what...it's like...we are wasting our taxes promoting philppine tourism...but THESE SMALL things are not being addressed properly, in fact these small factual things can be seen everyday...and yet the gov't of course lead by your dumb a** president is not doing anything....
bakit kailangan pang mga dayuhan ang makakita nitong mga ganito eksena...na araw araw naman nating nakikita and yet wala naman tayong ginagawa....
kagaya ng sinabi nya....."I Love the Philippines"...ibig sabihin may malasakit sya...imagine...ibang lahi pa ang nagmamalasakit ha!..other people just don't care about these things...yun ang input at impact ng video na ito at hindi para siraan tayo kaya nga sya nagpost nyan para gisingin tayo...look on the positive side of it..he is maybe saying..."mahalin nyo ang bansa ninyo, wag nyong hayaan maging ganito, kasi gusto ko mamalagi dito"...masakit yan tanggapin pero yan ang totoo. - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 12:41 PM
The creator of this video is a friend of my friend... He lives and works here and he actually loves the Philippines and the beauty it offers. But he is still a foreigner and he has his own country to which he is comparing the Philippines from. Our country has a lot of flaws and we need to admit that as a fact so we could improve and develop. How can we sell our country to tourists and investors if we have all these undesirable things around us? It's a wake a up call for all of us.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 1:52 PM
true naman......pero some of them common problems din nmn ng ibang bansa....esp the terrorism.....its more fun in the Philippines, kaso ang terorismo ang panira.....wake up call n to saten....
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 2:27 PM
totoo namang anoying mga guardyang nanghihipo, mga barker at nanlilimos na batang yagit, bundok ng basura, etc. sana meron din pinoy (e.g. charice, lea salonga, mikey bustos...) na gumawa ng ganyang video against US pra fair. i guess walang may lakas ng loob gawin yun :(
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 3:00 PM
its tru 100% it gives us a wake up call to improve and change our ways.
We can say that it's harsh but the truth hurts.
We need this to improve our situation. I now live in Fl and the fact is whenever I come home to P I is that these facts disturb me. I wish the Gov't would do something about it. Despite of everything, I still love Philippines and nothing can change that. - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 6:15 PM
LIKE. He described our country perfectly, but no matter how many people/tourists/foreigners try to insult the Philippines, still our government DO NOT DO ANYTHING!!!!!
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 7:50 PM
Mga pinoy pikon, at lalong pikon pag totoo. I fully agree, lahat ng ayaw nya, ayaw ko din! Di ba nakakai is ang lack of discipline dito?
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 8:23 PM
The guy's getting ripped off but remember we do it all the time also, example. "Gawa sa China 'to?" The likes but you get the point. Hindi nagagalit China. :)
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 9:07 PM
This is an EYE OPENER. Tanggapin natin at respetuhin kung ano ang opinion nya. Nasasaktan man tayo (lalo na ung mga OVER MAKAREACT JAN) is because totoo ung observation nung tao or perhaps natamaan ang ego natin as Filipino. Kahit ako ang dami kong napapansin na mali sa mga gawi natin eh.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 9:09 PM
Start the change in ourselves!!!....madaling sabihin pero mahirap gawin. Kultura na natin kasi..parang miracle na lang ang makapagbago sa mga ugali natin...but I still don't lost hope...kaya nga in my own little way I tried to put some discipline in myself and be a good citizen...
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 10:19 PM
Natawa ako sa "Whitening" bit. Obsessed nga talaga sa pagpapaputi ever since pa. Nung bata ako, yung mga tita ko naliligo sa poso. Tapos kukuha ng papaya leaves, ikukuskos sa mukha at sa katawan! Hihihihi.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 10:48 PM
While I agree with what he's saying, it just bothers me that he's so ethnocentric about it. A lot of places are that way as well, the bad things he pointed out are not exclusive to us they apply to other countries too. I'm all for constructive criticism, but he didn't have to be a whiny little dick about it.
p.s. Cebu (Ayala Cebu, anyway) is actually better than Manila when it comes to keeping their bathrooms clean and well-stocked with toilet paper. Where have YOU been hanging out, sir? - AnonymousMarch 15, 2012 at 11:07 PM
reality check! this video only proves that there are lots of things needed to improve/change and pay attention with. our government should start moving and do something for our country's betterment. All reasons why Philippines was being hated are true.. but I still love Philippines and am proud living here! ;-)
~SQ~ - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 12:05 AM
I would have appreciated this video kung di ko nabasa ang books ni bob ong. ganyang ganyan din ang description niya sa Pinas. Hilarious nga lang yung sa kanya at itong sa kanong to, hindi ako natawa.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 12:15 AM
this is so true! so embarrassing and so sad but so true...
ReplyDelete - @hatch21March 16, 2012 at 12:28 AM
I honestly like this guy!!! Damn straight!!!!! People of the philippines lets not be too senstive itS fucking true and no one can deny the fact that our country ia dirty and full of annoying things that can piss u off in an instant! I love our country i just hate us for not taking care of it!! Common lets be open minded! Ob by the way hes cute hahaha! Love him
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 5:26 AM
ang daming nagsasabi na "wake up call" ito sa mga Pilipino. teka, noong nai-post n'yo ba yan, may ginawa na kayo pagkatapos, o nag-click lang ng bagong tab sa browser n'yo? di na ba kayo nagtapon ng basura/plastik sa kalye paglabas mo sa trabaho? may nasimulan na ba? wake up call nga, ilang beses nang may "wake up call", at kahit mga Pilipino ginagawa na ang pagpapadala ng parehong mensahe sa atin, pero gan'to pa rin tayo! alam n'yo kung bakit? dahil mga ningas-kugon lang ang karamihan sa atin, kahit 'di Pinoy, natural na sa tao ang maging ganoon. sa bagay, may ibang tao namang handang mag-ubos ng oras para makatulong sa kapwa, why bother nga naman. pero sana nga, sana talaga, sana ay may nakuha rin tayo sa mga sinabi n'ya. totoo na sa totoo, pero maging simula tayo.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 7:36 AM
I am from Cebu and I don't feel insulted by this video. Why? Because it's the truth. I love my city / province and as much as I don't like hearing what this guy had about my place, one needs to wake up & smell the coffee (or the piss / broken waterless CRs) to see what is wrong about...then fix it.
Yes, he's whiny and uses a lot of F & B words but that's his own way of expressing things, not that I condone it. If that's his breeding/upbrings, well... he just revealed that to whole world to see.
That said, the main issue still is: Did he say anything untrue? (except perhaps the ladyboys as the hottest chicks in town...must have chosen the wrong bar)
If you think about it, all his whinings and complaints are on the little things which we can fix easily. CRs with no water & seats? Then get some. Pissing on the walls (hey! what about spitting anywhere/everywhere?)? Jail or fine them!
These are easy things to fix and we can get them done if we have the will to do it.
Perhaps the most difficult part would be: "How does one escape the cock?" LOLReplies- AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 2:48 PM
from cebu too. but im not sure if im willing to shell out dough for toilet seats..THE LEAST I CAN DO IS MAKE SURE THAT WHEN I USE PUBLIC FACILITIES, I USE THEM PROPERLY. and i abhor anyone who spits. it's a horrible horrible filipino habit.
- AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 9:42 AM
This is a wake up call people! Sad that it takes a foreigner to call our attention to the "eyesores: in our country!
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 12:22 PM
It's not fair comparing the luxury his country has to offer with what the Philippines currently have. It's like comparing an apple to an orange. If he really wanted to address/change something, he should have sent it to malacanang.. Oh wait, he didn't.
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 2:51 PM
i agree to some degree...we're 3rd world, our resources are not enough to make everything pretty. but i think if we value facilities and use them properly, then our place won't end up looking nasty. hay, if only all of us value the trash can...
- AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 3:28 PM
This bitch needs to leave the Philippines now. No matter what, to say something bad about the country that's giving shelter to you, you being a foreigner, is not right at all.
Kahit pa sabihin ng mga nagmamarunong diyan na totoo naman, kahit kelan, hindi magandang tingnan na ang isang taong banyaga ay may sinasabing hindi maganda tungkol sa bansa na tinitirhan niya. Para rin yang nag-imbita ka ng isang tao sa bahay mo, tapos, malingat ka lang eh may sinasabi nang hindi maganda o pinipintasan na ang bahay mo. Ang malala pa, this stupid guy uploaded the video on YouTube! Halos lahat naman ng pinakita nya doon eh hindi naman nangyayari sa lahat ng sulok ng Pinas. Marami namang public restrooms na malinis.
This reminds me of my Anthropology class back in college. Nung una, pinakita ng professor namin yung mga video clips ng mga tao ng ibang bansa na kumakain ng insects, ahas, buwaya, etc. Halos lahat kami nandiri at may lumabas pa nga ng room dahil nasuka. Later, he explained to us that peoples of the world will always be different because of varying cultures and traditions. In other words, hindi mo pwedeng i-impose ang beliefs mo sa iba simply because what you believe is right may not necessarily be right to others.
Yes, I'm hurt. It's obvious. It's a sad reality, but in my opinion, wala siyang karapatang bastusin ang isang bansang kumukupkop sa kanya. Kung ganun ang pakiramdam niya, well, what is he doing in the Philippines anyway?
Haaaayyy...espresso please...grande! - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 3:31 PM
Ako nandito sa US isang dekada na, pero hindi ko binabastos ang bansa na ito kahit napakarami akong pwedeng sabihin na disgusting tungkol dito. Itong taong ito, ang galing bumastos ng bansang hindi kanya. Pwes, chupi ka diyan!
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 3:49 PM
Gosh, how many times did this American utter the F word?
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousMarch 17, 2012 at 8:34 PM
F word is just a common word for them. It does not mean anything to them. Much like P______I__! Is uttered after every word by a lot of Pinoys.
- AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 5:56 PM
Truth hurts. ;-) Totoo lahat ng sinabi ay true esp yung first part yung tinakpan ng drum yung butas sa kalye.lol
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 16, 2012 at 6:10 PM
Lol. Hahaha lahat ng sinabi ay truelalu aminin na natin. Every country has a good and bad side . Actually, kulang pa nga sinabi niya eh. .so wag na bitter. Sabi nga nila truth hurts. Dayuhan yung gumawa ng video na ito kaya lets respect it. Yun ang nakikita niya and observation.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 18, 2012 at 9:38 PM
yag jimmy na yan ang bitter... culture shocked sha obviously...
ReplyDelete - AnonymousMarch 21, 2012 at 7:54 AM
f word is not common to a foreigner not unless they are disgusted or upset about something. what this guy did is very rude and he has no respect whatsoever to our country.
tiyak na noong dumating sya sa bansa natin tinuring syang parang hari. tayo ang yumuyuko sa kanya tapos ngayon ganyan pa ang sasabihin nya at worst i-pose pa nya sa youtube. ano ang motive nya at ni post nya pa sa youtube yun...para makita ng buong mundo...hindi lang ng mga politicians ng pilipinas kundi buong mundo.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Paper, Bone, Vellum, Stone: Works by Susan Barron
Page from Susan Barron's Senza Ancora (1999), a unique illuminated manuscript with three collage/drawing/etchings. This is one of approximately 80 items on display.
As a student Susan Barron studied music, but she eventually graduated from the University of Illinois (Urbana) with a major in pre-medicine. Even so, she abandoned a possible career in medicine to do "something in music or art." She traveled and photographed in Europe for four years before settling in New York City in 1974 with her husband, a classical musician and an actor. Read more about the artist...
Barron now makes collages, drawings, etchings, and other ink prints, as well as photographs. She transforms some of this material into books. In her art, Barron explores language and its relationship to music, to image, and to the natural world; words, pictures, and all sorts of materials are dissociated from their ordinary contexts and recombined. Read more about the exhibition...
Gallery Hours (approximate)
Monday – Friday, 8 am - 11 pm
Saturday – Sunday, 10 am - 11 pm
See detailed hours.
An Introduction to the Exhibition
If the most successful artist's books are those that combine a variety of printing and craft techniques in order to present a multivalent amalgam of visual, verbal and plastic "text," then Susan Barron's bookworks are certainly worthy of our undivided attention and study. Here are talismans that inhabit a quasi-magical frontier between genres, where words, pictures, and all sorts of materials are dissociated from their ordinary contexts and recombined. In the startling and sometimes unsettling works on exhibition here Susan Barron explores language and its relationship to music, to image and to the natural world.
Since the publication of her first major project, Another Song, in 1981, Barron's work has attracted wide critical attention. John Russell of the New York Times has observed that her photographs "seem rather to have been breathed onto the paper than printed … the varied ingredients seem, in fact, to have drifted together on their own accord, and what they say comes to us in a whisper. But it is a whisper worth bending down to listen to." Others have remarked on her astonishing technical skills; Nicolas Barker of the National Trust writes that "the craftsmanship, both in artistic and book production terms, is of breathtaking virtuosity, but so absolute is the union between the two that one is never aware of the preponderance of any one element."
Taken as a whole, Susan Barron's oeuvre may be construed as an iconography of time, universal in scope and conception and entirely lacking in sentimentality. Moreover, the individual pieces on display – whether delicate and intimate or powerful and intense – serve to halt its passage, release its pressure, and rend its fabric, allowing tantalizing glimpses from various perspectives into what we might call time's primordial harmonic.
About the Artist
Susan Barron was born in 1947 and grew up in Lake Forest, Illinois, near Chicago. Although she studied music seriously as a child, she graduated from the University of Illinois (Urbana) in pre-medicine. She abandoned plans to become a physician in favor of doing "something in music or art," but completed advanced degrees in clinical diagnostic chemistry in order to make a living. She was serendipitously introduced to the visual arts by photographer Art Sinsabaugh. Barron spent four years living and photographing in Europe, during which time she also met photographer Paul Strand. She and her husband, a classical musician and actor, settled in New York City in 1974. She now makes collages, drawings, etchings, and other ink prints, as well as photographs. Some of her works eventually are transformed into books. Her work is in many private and public collections, and she also has exhibited her art worldwide.
For more information, contact the Mortimer Rare Book Room, Neilson Library
(413) 585-2906


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In Hollywood, close-ups are reserved for actors with either striking good looks or rectangular heads with a 1.85:1 aspect ratio. Boost your screen worthiness with this Groupon.
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- Age / Gender:
- n/a, Male
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- 7/19/11
- All Stats >
User Statshot
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Level 12 Artist
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Ranked as Police Officer
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Facebook Fan / Like page.
2013-03-23 12:42:15 by Ludic
I made a facebook-LIKE page for ma arts and such.
Go like it and share it around and make other people like it. It'll be great.
http://www.facebook.com/pages/The-art-of-Tim-Lil jefors/622925664388727
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Mannequin Trends 2014 August by WindowsWear
Posts Tagged 'Bergdorf Goodman'
Mannequin Trends 2014 August by WindowsWear
August 29th, 2014Galeries Lafayette & Bergdorf Goodman windows, Paris, New York City
April 23rd, 2014Bergdorf Goodman – Grey Area windows 2013, New York City
April 23rd, 2014Bergdorf Goodman – Punk: Chaos to Couture windows, New York
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August 28th, 2013Schiaparelli – Prada windows at Bergdorf Goodman, New York
May 27th, 2012Bergdorf Goodman Fashion Week windows, New York
March 2nd, 2012Christian Louboutin at Bergdorf Goodman windows, New York
February 17th, 2012We all know that Bergdorf Goodman is a Mecca for the shoe-obsessed. And no one taps into obsession quite like Christian Louboutin—his devotees see red everywhere they look. Louboutin is celebrating 20 years of thrilling shoes, with everything from a shoe-signing to a 20th Anniversary capsule collection commemorating favorite designs of seasons past.
Tom Ford at Bergdorf Goodman windows, New York
November 17th, 2011Tom Ford is coming to Bergdorf Goodman, and clearly we cannot handle it. But in a good way: we're giddy to the ground with excitement; dancing in our white lace, posing in our degrade Kidassia, fainting in a cocktail of crystals… or at least that's what David Hoey and our windows team would like you to think.
Bergdorf shoe displays 2011, NYC
November 2nd, 2011Bergdorf Goodman summer man's collection window, New York
September 21st, 2011Bergdorf Goodman windows 2011
September 16th, 2011Color Exploration in Bergdorf Goodman windows, New York
August 3rd, 2011Fashion Week has begun, and our Fifth Avenue windows are host to a colorful explosion of multihued excitement. Featuring installations by New York artist Jason Hackenwerth, our windows glow with an eerie alien presence that complement bold Ready-to-Wear pieces that drift between chic Bohemia and a prismatic universe inspired by Spring's tribute to Yves Saint Laurent's dramatic colorways.
Kevin Paulsen paintings in the Bergdorf Goodman window, New York
July 22nd, 2011Bergdorf Goodman in April
April 26th, 2011On the 5th Avenue side the windows had a street/pop art kind of style painted with airbrush stencils. Knoth's photograph presents a dark mood with the reflection of the building and American flag at the top left corner of the picture. It's eery how the building seems to fade away revealing the diamonds and the mannequin well centered within the motif.


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I'm not sure who this reflects worse on. Me (most likely), the TSA (to be sure) or the California DMV (what's to say?)
Anyway, I have arrived here in the Twin Cities fat, dumb and happy and looking forward to Hockey Day Minnesota in Moorhead. So, as I said, I arrive, get my luggage and trundlke my fat ass down to the tram and then to the rental car counter. Looking forward to a burger at Shamrocks and a Wild game.
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What? Seriously? uh oh. Wait, I renewed it on line. Paid my moneys and I wants my license.
Come to find out, California is issuing some new fangled ID/drivers license and it takes 6 weeks from renewal to receive the new license. So if you have the misfortune to have a birthday within six weeks of a vacation . . .
. . . you're sitting in a hotel room in Minneapolis wondering WTF?
Does make me wonder, though. Does TSA check to make sure the license is valid when going through security? Apparently not. Until I try and fly back home, no doubt.
UPDATE: No longer an undocumented immigrant in Minnesota. The California DMV came through and faxed confirmation of my license to me. The same day! Actual, real life government efficiency. And from the DMV. Go figure.
Does this mean I have to supoport government run health care now??


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Ogee French Country Distressed Antique Mirror Dresser Chest
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Limit the Scrolling Area Range of Your Worksheet
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One Comment


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Invaluable cannot guarantee the accuracy of translations through Google Translate and disclaims any responsibility for inaccurate translations.
Lot 406: Vintage Israeli Brass Menorah
Eclectic Collection Of Estates Worldwide
by Akiba Antiques
November 9, 2016
Dania Beach, FL, USA
Live AuctionDescription: DESCRIPTION: Vintage brass Israeli Menorah. Features 8 candle holdrs along the top in an olive branch motif embellished with the symbols of the 12 tribes of Israel, painted in green, reb, and blue hues. Rests on a concentric rectangular base that reads:"Jerusalem" along the bottom of the stem. CIRCA: 20th Ct. ORIGIN: Israel DIMENSIONS:H:16.75" L:11.25" CONDITION:Great condition. See lot description for details on item condition. More detailed condition requests can be obtained via email (firstname.lastname@example.com) or SMS (305) 333-4134. Any condition statement given, as a courtesy to a client, is only an opinion and should not be treated as a statement of fact. Akiba Antiques shall have no responsibility for any error or omission.


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Innate Immunity and Infection
The moment a pathogen, which has successfully entered the body, is recognized, the body quickly mobilizes its defenses. Interferons are molecules that are counted among the body's first line of defense. They prevent proliferation and the spread of viruses in the body and serve to alert the immune system. Read here about the different ways we use to try and decode this system, all in an effort to find new approaches to infectious disease prevention and therapy.
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text:
Publication number | US5729663 A |
Publication type | Grant |
Application number | US 08/569,036 |
Publication date | Mar 17, 1998 |
Filing date | Dec 7, 1995 |
Priority date | Dec 7, 1995 |
Fee status | Paid |
Publication number | 08569036, 569036, US 5729663 A, US 5729663A, US-A-5729663, US5729663 A, US5729663A |
Inventors | Ying-wei Lin, Leon C. Williams |
Original Assignee | Xerox Corporation |
Export Citation | BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan |
Patent Citations (22), Non-Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (54), Classifications (9), Legal Events (5) | |
External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet | |
This invention relates generally to an apparatus and method for gray screening, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for generating N-bit per pixel output signals in response to M-bit per pixel image input signals, where M is greater than N.
The present invention is a method and an apparatus suitable for gray screening to produce a plurality of multi-bit, halftoned output signals for rendition by a printing device in response to multi-bit image signals. The present invention is a method and apparatus for efficiently accomplishing the gray screening process and for enabling the use of overlapping thresholds so that the growth of the halftone dot may be accomplished using partial pixel exposure. It is believed that the present invention, therefore, results in a reduced implementation cost and allows faster processing speeds. Moreover, the processing of a multi-bit image in accordance with the present invention will reduce objectionable banding often found in halftoning processes that can only operate on (e.g., grow) a single halftone element at one time.
Heretofore, a number of patents and publications have disclosed screening or error diffusion processes by which gray or high-addressability binary outputs are generated, the relevant portions of which may be briefly summarized as follows:
As described by T. Henderson et al. in the Xerox Disclosure Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 175-76, hereby incorporated by reference, a look-up table may be employed to accomplish a gray halftoning operation to convert images recorded at 8-bits (256 levels) per pixel to halftone representations suitable for printing on devices capable of rendering 2-bit pixels.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,444,551 to Miller et al. discloses an apparatus and method for generating a multi-level halftone image from a digitally sampled continuous tone image. The control circuit is employed in conjunction with a preference matrix having a plurality of look-up tables in the form of a look-up table stack. Each look-up table contains a one-dimensional transfer function, where the sum of the derivatives of the transfer function equal the number of pixel values in the halftone cell.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,455,681 to Ng teaches a method of printing with a grey level printhead image data that was received in a high-resolution binary format and converted in a blockwise manner to produce gray level pixel data.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,274,472 to Williams, hereby incorporated by reference, discloses a high addressability image generator to convert gray level image data into high-addresssability data for printing by an image output terminal.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,544,264 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,625,222 to Bassetti et al., disclose enhancement circuits suitable for use in a laser based electrophotographic printing machine. The enhancements are directed at modifying the digital drive signals used to produce the image, including smoothing digitized edges and broadening fine lines in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Leading and trailing edge signals, in both directions are provided to potentially print each black pixel or line as a series of three pixels, a gray leading pixel, overlapped by a central black pixel, which is in turn overlapped by a gray trailing pixel. A similar process is applied for scan lines as well. The series of signals are recombined to effectively control the voltage and current levels of a laser driver.
James C. Stoffel et al. in A Survey of Electronic Techniques for Pictorial Image Reproduction, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-29, No. 12, December 1981 discloses image processing algorithms that can be used to transform continuous tone and halftone pictorial image input into spatially encoded representations compatible with binary output processes. A set of image quality and processing complexity metrics are also defined so as to evaluate a number of image processing algorithms with respect to their ability to reproduce continuous tone or halftone pictorial input.
Paul A. Delabastita in Multilevel Halftoning, IS&T 4th Technical Symposium on Prepress, Proofing & Printing, pp. 68-73 (October 1995), summarizes a number of schemes to perform multilevel halftoning.
P. Pirsch et al. teach, in Transmission of Gray Level Images by Multilevel Dither Techniques, Computers & Graphics, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 31-44 (1983) the extension of dither to multilevels. Described therein is a procedure for deriving thresholds for a multilevel dither and a procedure for reconstructing a gray level image from a dithered image.
As is known in the generation of binary halftone (dithered) images, an array of threshold values may be be employed in a regularly shaped "halftone cell" (usually rectangular) that is applied repeatedly across an entire image or segment thereof. If the size of the halftone cell is p�q pixels, then the halftone screen can generate p�q levels of gray for the cell, assuming only one threshold value per pixel position (element) within the cell. In a printing system that can render gray pixels, either via amplitude modulation or pulse width modulation of the exposure mechanism, it is conceivable that a gray screen may be employed to convert continuous tone input into gray halftones for printing. Here, the gray screen is accomplished in a manner similar to that described with respect to binary halftone screens, except that multiple threshold values must be determined for each of the pixel positions or elements within the halftone cell. Furthermore, the result of a comparison of an input video signal level with the multiple threshold values is no longer a single binary signal but a multi-bit signal indicating the gray level to be output or rendered by the printing device. As an example, if an input video signal is compared against three thresholds, the resulting output is a 2-bit number having one of four possible states. As described herein, these possible states are white (W), light gray (G1), dark gray (G2) and black (B).
The advantage of printing in gray is that it is possible to obtain more gradations (gray levels) over the cell than is possible for a binary halftone cell of the same size. However, it will be recognized that one drawback of gray halftone processing is the requirement for storage of multiple thresholds for each position in the halftone cell. This storage requirement becomes more important as larger screens are developed.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a system for processing a bitmap image consisting of a plurality of multi-bit image signals representing pixels in the bitmap image, comprising:
a halftone cell address generation circuit, said circuit generating an address, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, indicative of the relative position of a pixel within the halftone cell;
means for generating a plurality of thresholds for each pixel position within the halftone cell, said generating means being responsive to the address generated by the halftone cell address generation circuit and outputting one of the unique threshold values in response thereto;
means for comparing at least two of the plurality of thresholds associated with the relative position of the pixel within the halftone cell to a multi-bit image signal for the pixel; and
output means, responsive to the results of said comparing means, for outputting a code indicative of the results.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multifunctional system having an image processing apparatus for processing a bitmap image consisting of a plurality of image signals, comprising:
a halftone cell address generation circuit, said circuit generating an address, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, wherein the address is indicative of the relative position of a pixel within the halftone cell;
threshold memory, connected to receive the address generated by said halftone cell address generation circuit, for producing a first threshold value in response to the address;
at least two adders, connected to said look-up table, for adding predetermined values to the first threshold value to produce a plurality of additional threshold values;
a comparator circuit for comparing the first and each of the plurality of additional thresholds associated with the relative position of the pixel within the halftone cell to a multi-bit image signal for the pixel, said comparator circuit producing a binary value for each of the comparisons; and
an output encoder, responsive to the binary values produced by said comparator circuit, for outputting a gray-scale digital code indicative of the output level of the pixel.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for processing a bitmap image consisting of a plurality of image signals to produce a multi-bit halftone image, comprising:
generating a plurality of unique threshold values, one for each possible pixel position within a halftone cell;
storing the plurality of unique threshold values in threshold memory;
generating an address indicative of the relative position of a pixel within a halftone cell;
selecting, in response to the address, a first unique threshold value from the plurality of unique threshold values stored in the threshold memory;
comparing the first unique threshold value with the pixel image signal level;
calculating, in response to the first unique threshold value, a second unique threshold value;
comparing the second unique threshold value with the pixel image signal level; and
outputting a code indicative of the results of at least the above comparing steps.
One aspect of the invention is based on the observation of problems with conventional printing systems. Such systems, although they may be capable of rendering gray images, either do not employ gray halftones or, if employed, require considerable memory for the storage of threshold data to accomplish the gray halftone. However, such systems may result in user dissatisfaction because of cost, slower processing speeds, or unacceptable output. A further aspect of the present invention is based upon the observation of objectionable output that arises when a gray level printing system requires non-overlapping halftone dots (where only a single gray dot may be produced within a halftone cell at any time).
This aspect is based on the discovery of a technique that alleviates these problems by improving the manner in which halftone cell thresholds are stored and generated during use, and by enabling overlap between thresholds for different halftone cells. This technique can be implemented, for example, by circuitry that efficiently employs memory for storage of only a single threshold while calculating the remaining thresholds in real-time. A machine implementing the invention can include a laser-based electronic printing system, wherein the laser beam intensity or exposure level may be modified via pulse width position modulation (PWPM) in response to the signals representing the gray level output signals (code) generated by the halftone method or apparatus.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram depicting a multifunctional, network adaptive printing machine;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a video control module for the printing machine of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram depicting various components of an embodiment for accomplishing the gray halftoning operations in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS. 4 and 5 respectively illustrate graphical representations of the non-overlapping and overlapping threshold levels that are an aspect of the present invention;
FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively illustrate exemplary high-addressability pixels as they would be filled in in accordance with the schemes depicted in FIGS. 4 and 5; and
FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of an exemplary remapping of the video signals in accordance with one aspect of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in connection with a preferred embodiment, however, it will be understood that there is no intent to limit the invention to the embodiment described. On the contrary, the intent is to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
For a general understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals have been used throughout to designate identical elements. In describing the present invention, the following term(s) have been used in the description.
The term "data" refers herein to physical signals that indicate or include information (e.g., image data). When an item of data can indicate one of a number of possible alternatives, the item of data has one of a number of "values." For example, a binary item of data, also referred to as a "bit," has one of two values, interchangeably referred to as "1" and "0" or "ON" and "OFF" or "high" and "low." An n-bit item of data has one of 2n values. A "multi-bit" item of data is an item of data that includes more than one bit. The term "data" includes data existing in any physical form, and includes data that are transitory or are being stored or transmitted. For example, data could exist as electromagnetic or other transmitted signals or as signals stored in electronic, magnetic, or other form. An item of data "defines" an image when the item of data includes sufficient information to produce the image. For example, a two-dimensional array can define all or any part of an image, with each item of data in the array providing a value indicating the color of a respective location of the image. A "raster" is a one-dimensional array of image data, reflecting a single line of data across a single dimension (length or width) of the image.
Each location in an image may be called a "pixel." In an array defining an image in which each item of data provides a value, each value indicating the color of a location may be called a "pixel value". Each pixel value is a bit in a "binary form" of an image, a gray scale value in a "gray scale form" of an image, or a set of color space coordinates in a "color coordinate form" of an image, the binary form, gray scale form, and color coordinate form each being a two-dimensional array defining an image.
An item of data "relates to" part of an image, such as a pixel or a larger segment of the image, when the item of data has a relationship of any kind to the part of the image. For example, the item of data could define the part of the image, as a pixel value defines a pixel; the item of data could be obtained from data defining the part of the image; the item of data could indicate a location of the part of the image; or the item of data could be part of a data array such that, when the data array is mapped onto the image, the item of data maps onto the part of the image.
An operation performs "image processing" when it operates on an item of data that relates to part of an image. A "neighborhood operation" is an image processing operation that uses data relating to one part of an image to obtain data relating to another part of an image.
A segment of an image is adjacent to another segment of the image "along an edge" if the two adjacent segments meet at the edge and do not overlap. Pixels are "neighbors" or "neighboring" within an image when there are no other pixels between them and they meet an appropriate criterion for neighboring. If the pixels are rectangular and appear in rows and columns, each pixel may have 4 or 8 neighboring pixels, depending on the criterion used.
The term "resolution reconstruction" represents a decoding operation performed on data defining an image, where an encoded signal representing a single partially exposed pixel and its neighbors is decoded to determine the placement of the partial-pixel exposure signal within a pixel boundary in order to accurately reproduce the image in an output print. Accurate reproduction, in this context, is understood to mean as similar as possible to the representation before the encoding.
An "image characteristic" or "characteristic" is a measurable attribute of an image. An operation can "measure" a characteristic by producing data indicating the characteristic using data defining an image. A characteristic is measured "for an image" if the characteristic is measured in a manner that is likely to produce approximately the same result each time it occurs.
"Circuitry" or a "circuit" is any physical arrangement of matter that can respond to a first signal at one location or time by providing a second signal at another location or time. Circuitry specifically includes logic circuits existing as interconnected components, programmable logic arrays (PLAs) and application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Circuitry "stores" a first signal when it receives the first signal at one time and, in response, provides substantially the same signal at another time. Circuitry "transfers" a first signal when it receives the first signal at a first location and, in response, provides substantially the same signal at a second location.
"Memory circuitry" or "memory" is any circuitry that can store data, and may include local and remote memory and input/output devices. Examples include semiconductor ROMs, RAMs, and storage medium devices with data storage media that they can access. A "memory cell" is memory circuitry that can store a single unit of data, such as a bit or other n-ary digit or an analog value.
An "image input terminal" (IIT) or "image input device" is a device that can receive an image and provide an item of data defining the image. A "scanner" is an image input device that receives an image by a scanning operation, such as by scanning a document.
An "image output terminal" (IOT) or "image output device" is a device that can receive an item of data defining an image and provide the image as output. A "display" is an image output device that provides the output image in human viewable form. The visible pattern presented by a display is a "displayed image" or simply "image." Printers or printing systems are other examples of image output terminals.
Referring now to FIG. 1, a multifunctional, network adaptive printing system is designated by reference numeral 10. The printing system 10 includes a printing machine 12 operatively coupled with a network service module 14. The printing machine 12 includes an electronic subsystem 16, referred to as a video control module (VCM), communicating with a scanner 18 and a printer 20. In one example the VCM 16, which will be described in further detail below, coordinates the operation of the scanner (IIT) and printer (IOT) in a digital copying arrangement. In such an arrangement the scanner 18 "reads" or rasterizes an image on an original document using, for example, a charge coupled device (CCD) array, and converts analog video signals produced by the CCD into digital signals. In turn, an image processing system, blocks 22 and 23 of FIG. 2, associated with scanner 18 executes signal correction and the like, converts the corrected signals into multi-level signals (e.g. binary signals), compresses the multi-level signals and preferably stores the same in electronic pre-collation (EPC) memory 24.
Referring again to FIG. 1, the printer (IOT) 20 preferably includes a xerographic print engine. In one example, the print engine has a multi-pitch photoreceptor belt (not shown) exposed with an imaging source, such as a laser raster output scanning device or a light-emitting diode (LED) print bar. In a printing context, the multi-level image data is read out of the electronic pre-collation (EPC) memory 24 (FIG. 2) while the imaging source is turned on and off, in accordance with the image signals or data, forming a latent image on the photoreceptor. In turn, the latent image is developed with a development technique and transferred to a print media sheet. Upon fusing the resulting print it may be inverted for duplexing in the printing system or simply output therefrom. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the printer can assume other forms besides a xerographic print engine (e.g., thermal ink jet or ionographic) without altering the concept upon which the disclosed embodiment is based.
Referring specifically to FIG. 2, the VCM 16 is discussed in further detail. The VCM 16 includes a video bus (VBus) 28 with which various I/O, data transfer and storage components communicate. Preferably, VBus 28 is a high speed, 32-bit data burst transfer bus, expandable to 64-bits. The 32-bit implementation has a sustainable maximum bandwidth of approximately 60 MBytes/sec., and a burst bandwidth as high as 100 MBytes/sec.
The storage components of the VCM reside in the EPC memory section 30 and the mass memory section 32. The EPC memory section includes the EPC memory 24, the EPC memory being coupled with the VBus by way of a DRAM controller 33. The EPC memory, which is preferably DRAM, provides expansion of up to 64 MBytes, by way of two high density 32-bit SIMM modules. The mass memory section 32 includes a SCSI hard drive device 34 coupled to the VBus by way of a transfer module 36a. As will appear, other I/O and processing components are coupled respectively to the VBus by way of transfer modules 36. It will be appreciated that other devices (e.g. a workstation) could be coupled to the VBus by way of transfer module 36a through the use of a suitable interface.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, three I/O components are shown as being coupled operatively to VBus 28, namely a FAX module 48, the scanner or IIT 18, and the printer or IOT 20. It should be recognized, however, that a wide variety of components could be coupled to the VBus by way of an expansion slot 50.
Referring again to FIG. 2, the IIT 18 and IOT 20 are operatively coupled to the VBus 28 by transfer modules 36c and 36d. Additionally, the IIT 18 and the IOT 20 are operatively coupled with a compressor 62 and a decompressor 64, respectively. The compressor and decompressor are preferably provided by way of a single module that employs Xerox adaptive compression or other commercially available lossless devices. Xerox adaptive compression devices have been used for compression/decompression operations by Xerox Corporation in its DocuTech� printing system.
The scanner 18, which includes the image processing section 22, is coupled with an annotate/merge module 66. Preferably the image processing section includes one or more dedicated processors programmed to perform various desired functions, such as image enhancement, thresholding/screening, rotation, resolution conversion and TRC adjustment. The selective activation of each of these functions can be coordinated by a group of image processing control registers, the registers being programmed by a system controller. Preferably, the functions are arranged along a "pipeline" in which image data is input to one "end" of the pipe, and processed image data is output from the other "end."
Referring still to FIG. 2, arbitration of the various bus masters of the VCM 16 is implemented by way of a VBus arbiter 70 disposed in a VBus arbiter/bus gateway 71. The arbiter determines which bus master (e.g. FAX module, Scanner, Printer, SCSI Hard Drive, EPC Memory or Network Service Component) can access the VBus at one given time.
As illustrated by the embodiment of FIG. 2, input image data from an IIT may be input to image processing section 22. In one mode of operation, the input image data is obtained by scanning or rasterizing a document to produce x bits of gray data in the form of a bit stream for each pixel position. In turn, the gray data is thresholded so that an image pixel is expressed as an n-bit image signal where n is less than x. In one example, the given input image (gray data) is processed at 600�600�3 spi so that n=3 and a resulting output, with a resolution of 1800�600�1 spi (high addressability), can be obtained. It has been found, however, that storage can be optimized and a high addressability output resolution of 1800�600�1 spi obtained even when the value of n is less than 3. As will appear, the present technique is applicable for inputs and outputs of various resolutions, and image data can be obtained from a wide range of input sources without affecting the concept underlying the disclosed embodiment.
In accordance with the technique described by T. Yeh et al. in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/315,275, incorporated herein by reference, image data is encoded so that n bits are described with n-m bits where each m-bit signal represents positional information (e.g., subpixel position within a pixel period) while the n-bit signals represent intensity information (gray level). In other words, three bits of "gray" image data (e.g., 600�600�3) are encoded or characterized for output with two bits (e.g., one of four levels; 600�600�2).
It is to be understood that high addressability output devices, IOTs, may be employed to produce "gray" output using subpixel addressing. More specifically, a 2-bit/pixel output image may be produced using a pixel addressing scheme where each pixel is output as a series of two subpixels, where the order and on/off state of the subpixels results in a "gray" output when considered on a pixel-by-pixel basis. However, the higher addressability feature typically results in more image data in order to render "gray" output.
As examples, a 600�600�2 spi pixel, with an intensity of 00/b (where "/b" signifies a binary number), is equivalent to three white pixels at 1800�600�1 output, a 600�600�2 spi pixel, with an intensity of 01/b, is equivalent to one black pixel and two white pixels, at 1800�600�1 spi, and so on. Nonetheless certain image-related information is lost by such an encoding scheme because gray pixels represented by the 3-bit image signals (600�3) cannot be fully described by just two bits. In other words, use of only two bits does not indicate whether the black pixel was left justified, right justified or center justified. However, this missing or lost information can be provided via a reconstruction step or process as described by T. Yeh et al.
Referring again to FIG. 2 an encoded bit stream is compressed, with compressor 62 and stored in EPC memory 24. The compressed data is then held in EPC memory until it is copied to disk 34 or output to an appropriate output device, such as the printer (IOT) 20 via image processing block 23. When it is time to output the stored data decompression is effected with decompressor 64. As will be appreciated from the discussion above, movement of data between the image processing sections, compressor, EPC memory and the decompressor, is facilitated with the transfer modules 36.
In anticipation of outputting the image data, the corresponding bit stream is processed to produce halftone gray output signals with a circuit 80 as represented in a simplified manner by the schematic drawing of FIG. 3. Circuit 80 is preferably implemented as an ASIC or similar large scale integrated circuit which may include additional logic functionality thereon. Alternatively, the image processing operations described herein may be performed on a programmable computer, data processor or image processing system. In the preferred embodiment, the dual-function circuit 80 is located within an ASIC in the VCM 16 of FIG. 1, but may also be placed in-line at any location between decompression block 64 of FIG. 2 and the IOT. The halftoning circuit 80 comprises four functional blocks; address generation circuit 82, halftone threshold generation means 84, video correction means 86 and threshold comparison means 88. Functionally, circuit 80 may receive rasterized image signals in a 600�600�8 format from an EPC image buffer 24 which may be any of the previously described memory devices, and processes the image signals so as to produce halftone output suitable, with additional processing, for driving a pulse-width, position-modulated raster output scanner (IOT).
More specifically, address generation circuit 82 is preferably a series of modulo counters, for raster pixel counts that is clocked on a pixel-by-pixel basis to identify the position within the halftone cell with which a particular pixel is associated. As a simple example, in a p�q halftone cell (p columns and q rows) signal S.sub.(i,j) will be associated and processed in accordance with halftone cell position P.sub.(i mod p, j mod q). Hence, address generation circuit 82 outputs the address P on a pixel-by-pixel basis to indicate or select a halftone cell location.
Continuing with FIG. 3, once the address is generated by circuit 82, the halftone threshold generation means is employed to produce a plurality of halftone levels or values. In a preferred embodiment, the threshold generation means includes a threshold look-up table (LUT) 90, a plurality of addition blocks 92 and 94, and latches 96, 98 and 100. In operation, LUT 90 outputs a threshold value signal Th1 in response to the address P. The signal Th1 is then supplied to addition blocks 92 and 94, where the signal is added to constants C1 and C2, respectively, to produce threshold Th2 and Th3, respectively. Subsequently, the three threshold value signals are stored in the latches 96, 98 and 100 as illustrated. In one embodiment, the values associated with constants C1 and C2 may be integer multiples of one another. Alternatively, the values represented by the constants may be unrelated to one another. As will be described subsequently with respect to FIGS. 4-7, the resulting threshold values may either be non-overlapping (FIGS. 4 and 6) or overlapping (FIGS. 5 and 7).
Concurrent with generation of the thresholds, the multi-bit video signal input to video correction means 86 is being corrected. In one embodiment, the TRC correction is accomplished using a TRC LUT 106, and a remapping of the video is accomplished using Remapping LUT 108. The functionality of Remapping LUT 108 is employed for the gray screening operation in the preferred embodiment where threshold constants C1 and C2 represent equal increments. The equal increments simplify the hardware by eliminating what may be a need for unequal increments, where the inequality in variance between successive threshold pairs Th1-Th2 and Th2-Th3 is achieved by modification (remapping) the TRC corrected video signal (video') as illustrated in FIG. 8. As an example, the following table (Table A) shows the remapping results for a certain halftone cell position and various corrected video signal levels (video'): It will be further appreciated by those skilled in the art of digital image processing that the functionality of the TRC LUT 106 and Remapping LUT 108 may be combined in a common LUT or similar video correction means so that the input video signals (video) are transformed to the desired output signals (video").
As further illustrated in FIG. 3, the transformed video signals (video") are then compared to each of the possible threshold levels (Th1, Th2, and Th3) in threshold comparison means 88. In a preferred embodiment, the comparison is accomplished by a plurality of parallel comparators, 112, 114 and 116, the output of which is a binary "0" if the video" signal is less than the threshold signal level and a binary "1" if greater than or equal to the threshold signal level. After comparison, there exists a 3-bit binary value, wherein each bit represents the outcome of one of the comparison operations. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the 3-bit result is passed to an encoder 120 where the 3-bit value is encoded to represent a 2-bit gray halftone value. The encoding process is accomplished in accordance with the following logic table, Table B:
where "X" represent a "don't care" value that does not impact the output.
TABLE A______________________________________Thresholds = 1, 4 & 6 Equally SpacedTRC Thresholds = 1, 2 & 3corrected Output remapped Outputvideo' 6/4/1 Gray video" 3/2/1 Gray______________________________________0 000 0 0 000 01 001 1 1 001 12 001 1 1 001 13 001 1 1 001 14 011 2 2 011 25 011 2 2 011 26 111 3 3 111 37 111 3 3 111 38 111 3 3 111 39 111 3 4 111 3______________________________________
TABLE B______________________________________Comparator Gray HalftoneOutput Output116 114 112 MSB LSB______________________________________0 0 0 0 00 0 1 0 10 1 X 1 01 X X 1 1______________________________________
Referring now to FIG. 4, displayed therein is a graphical representation of a non-overlapping threshold scheme. With the video signal level shown along the vertical axis, the horizontal axis represents the pixel position or element within the halftone cell, S(i,j). As has been described with respect to the 2-bit per pixel embodiment, three thresholds are used to determine the output. For example, for position S(i,j), thresholds Th1(i,j), Th2(i,j) and Th3(i,j) are used. As has been described, the embodiment preferably employs equally spaced thresholds for comparison, while altering the video signal using the remap LUT 108 in FIG. 2. Accordingly, the three thresholds define and equally divide the video signal range (Δ) into two equal segments as illustrated. As the video signal level increases for the pixel corresponding to halftone cell position S(i,j), the exposure pulse for the cell would "grow" or lengthen upon reaching the next threshold. Moreover, there would be no exposure of a subsequent halftone element, for example S(i,j+1), until S(i,j) was completely filled. This single-element growth is illustrated in FIG. 6, where the order of additional exposure for halftone cell 150 is illustrated by the numerals in the partial pixel positions, three for each halftone cell element. Referring to FIG. 6, it is shown that cell position S(i,j) is filled to completion (1-3) before cell position S(i-1,j+1) begins to be exposed (4-6), and similarly for position S(i-2,j-1) having respective threshold levels 7-9.
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 7, in contrast, it can be seen that overlapping thresholds leads to a completely different fill-in scheme. It will be appreciated that the previously described TRC remapping function (LUT 108) would need to be optimized for rendering the output with overlapping thresholds. Specifically, FIG. 5 Shows that before the video level for pixel S(i,j) reaches the third threshold level (Th3(i,j)), exposure for another cell position, S(i-2,j), begins so that the dot for position S(i,j-1) grows in each direction. In other words, as seen in FIG. 7, the exposure level for the halftone cell elements continues to proceed from white - gray1 - gray2 - black, but the progression does not happen at a complete cell position before other cell positions are exposed as was the case in FIG. 6. Rather, using the overlapping thresholds, for example thresholds Th1(i-2,j) and Th3(i,j), there is progressive growth over a number of cell positions. This results in a halftone dot that is smoother in its outline and leads to the rendition of gray-scale video signals without steps or contrast discontinuities typically found in the non-overlapping method illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6.
In recapitulation, the present invention is a method and apparatus for generating N-bit per pixel output signals in response to M-bit per pixel image input signals, where M is greater than N. The invention employs a halftone cell threshold memory that stores a single threshold for each cell element. During real-time processing of the video image signals, multiple thresholds are calculated based upon the stored thresholds, and the image signals are compared to the thresholds. The threshold calculation process is simplified by using equally spaced constants and any desired variation from the resulting equally spaced thresholds is accomplished through a remapping of the video image signals using a look-up table. The output of the plurality of comparisons carried out for each halftone cell element is then encoded to produce a digital gray-scale output signal.
It is, therefore, apparent that there has been provided, in accordance with the present invention, an apparatus for gray screening. While this invention has been described in conjunction with preferred embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.
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U.S. Classification | 358/1.9, 358/465, 358/3.01, 358/3.07 |
International Classification | H04N1/405, H04N1/40, H04N1/41 |
Cooperative Classification | H04N1/40087 |
European Classification | H04N1/40Q |
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