text:
Silly Idea # 341,907,775 – increasing our population
From the Silly Ideas files comes this local story from the NZ Herald, regarding a proposition from ExportNZ and the New Zealand Institute of Economic Research (NZIER),
ExportNZ executive director, Catherine Beard, has suggested,
"One of the obvious ways to overcome these problems is to make New Zealand a bigger country with bigger companies. We need a national debate on population policy and how big we should be by 2060.
Once grown, the challenge is then keeping these companies in New Zealand so the country benefits from them. The alternative is selling out to other countries and losing talent overseas for better jobs and better pay."
The NZIER suggested a population of 15 million for New Zealand, by 2060 .
NZIER deputy chief executive, John Ballingall, stated (with a straight face I assume),
"We need to ensure existing capability-enhancing policies are delivering value for money. Our immigration, tax, welfare and foreign investment policies need to enhance rather than restrict the ability of New Zealand firms to gain scale.
On-going efforts to cut less vital spending like Working for Families and interest-free student loans will ease the pressure on the kiwi dollar. Public spending has acted like a tax on the export sector."
Leaving aside the issue of migration for a moment, the question that demands an answer is: do these people actually think through issues before making public pronouncements?
Because reading their comments and thinking through the issues to inevitable conclusions leads this blogger to conclude that NZEIR and ExportNZ indulge in superficial thinking and short-term, easy "solutions".
For starters, what would be the consequences of a population of 15 million people?
This country already suffers from the following;
- 175,000 unemployed.
How does adding ten and a half million people help address those already jobless?
- More pollution.
I think most of us know by now that our "100% Pure" and "Clean and Green" reputation is now mostly a fiction to rival that of elves, goblins, hobbits, pixies, Easter bunny, Little Red Riding Hood, Mickey Mouse, et al.
With 52% of our rivers having water quality at poor or very poor, what would tripling our population do to our environment?
Think of 15 million people needing clean water to drink; cook with; shower in; and wash laundry in… and then think of 15 million toilets flushing…
How does adding ten and a half million people help our "100% Pure" image?
Do we downgrade to "75 Pure"?
"50% Pure"?
Or wait for those 15 million toilets to flush simultaneously and call ourselves "100% Pure Manure"?
- Housing
We already have a pressing, critical housing shortage. The cost of housing is spiralling further and further out of reach from New Zealanders.
As our population has increased, so has housing affordability and availability worsened. Housing was more affordable fourty years ago and young New Zealanders are having to migrate to Australia to buy a home of their own.
The 'market' has been spectacularly inept at meeting demand. And when we do build houses, they tend to "dissolve in the rain", as Bernard Hickey said with disturbing accuracy on 28 October.
How does adding ten and a half million people help address our critical housing problems?
- Transport
Something for every Aucklander to ponder: think of your roads now, clogged with cars, with a city of over 1.5 million people.
Now treble it.
Point made, I think?
Perhaps the most laughable aspect to NZIER's comments was when John Ballingall, said,
"On-going efforts to cut less vital spending like Working for Families and interest-free student loans will ease the pressure on the kiwi dollar."
It may "ease the pressure on the kiwi dollar" – but how much extra pressure will be put on New Zealanders; their families; and students?
And what might possibly be the consequences of putting more pressure on Kiwi families and students? Clue: Australia.
There are six countries on this planet with populations ranging from 14,478,000 to 15,883,000;
Malawi – 15,883,000
Burkina Faso – 15,730,977
Guatemala – 14,713,763
Mali – 14,528,662
Ecuador – 14,483,499
Cambodia – 14,478,000
Source: List of countries by population
None of the above nations have a GDP, per capita, higher than ours. So can we deduce that tripling our population is no guarantee of increasing our exports and thereby our wealth?
I believe that would be the first safe conclusion.
The second safe contention might be the impact on our environment, with 15 million souls living within our shores, would result in environmental degradation that would seriously harm our Destination New Zealand tourism – a NZ$9.6 billion industry according to March 2012 figures.
The damage caused to our expanding tourism industry would most likely outweigh any benefits accrued from an increase in exports.
Third and last contention; trebling our population seems a simplistic and hopelessly lazy "solution" to a problem that appears more rooted in other factors such as National's blind obedience to neo-liberal policies, and it's refusal to address the high value of our dollar.
It seems bizarre that ExportNZ has wandered off on some weird tangeant, and ignored the real problems affecting exporters. It's almost as if Ms Beard; her colleagues; and NZIER, have experienced a collective – dare I say it – brain fade.
If this is the best that our business leaders can come up with, then I despair for our country.
= fs =
John Key: When propaganda photo-ops go wrong…
Desperate measures…
Desperate to seize power from Labour, and faced with strong, experienced leadership in the form of Helen Clark and Michael Cullen, National and it's fresh, new leader – John Key – launched a series of public-relations media/propaganda initiatives. One of those propaganda exercises, a photo-op with a schoolgirl, would come back to haunt Dear Leader and ridicule one of his major pledges…
Opening shots…
The campaign to mark out National's "human face of neo-liberalism" was launched on 30 January 2007, when Key made his speech "The Kiwi Way: A Fair Go For All" at the Burnside Rugby Clubrooms, Christchurch.
See: The Kiwi Way: A Fair Go For All
It had all the nice, warm, fuzzy sound-bites; "good Kiwi upbringing"; "betterment of all New Zealanders", "proud of our culture and society"; "opportunity and hope"; "giving people a fair go"; "egalitarian society"; "The Kiwi Way" (mentioned ten times); "born into a struggling household", etc, etc, etc…
Whoever wrote that speech really mined the handbook of the Kiwi Psyche.
But the real opening shots in the political battle for the hearts and minds of New Zealanders began in the opening months of 2007 – two full years leading up to the November 2008 general elections.
Reading many of Key's speeches and policy announcements, was almost like tapping into a Scandinavian model of a social democratic society. Michael Joseph Savage would have nodded in approval to many of Key's utterances.
Especially when, on 3 February 2007, Key announced the launching of National's "Food in Schools programme". It was pure 1930s Labour stuff,
National Party Leader John Key has announced the first initiative in what will be a National Food in Schools programme.
"National is committed to providing practical solutions to the problems which Helen Clark says don't exist," says Mr Key.
During his State of the Nation speech on Tuesday, Mr Key indicated National would seek to introduce a food in schools programme at our poorest schools in partnership with the business community.
Mr Key has since received an approach from Auckland-based company Tasti foods.
"I approached Wesley Primary School yesterday, a decile 1 school near McGehan Close, a street that has had more than its fair share of problems in recent times. I am told Wesley Primary, like so many schools in New Zealand, has too many kids turning up hungry."
See: National launches its Food in Schools programme
Of course once National came to power twentyone months later, on 8 November 2008, Key's quasi-socialistic policy of " providing practical solutions to the problems which Helen Clark says don't exist ", quietly slipped beneath the waves and disappeared from public sight.
It had achieved it's purpose.
In fact, National's policy stance on any suggestion of Food in Schools programmes, is now somewhat more hostile,
Organisations working with the poor and opposition parties say Prime Minister John Key is in "la la land" if he thinks fruit is enough to get a hungry child through a school day.
Labour yesterday unveiled a $10 million policy to provide free food to 650 of the country's lowest decile primary and intermediate schools.
Key immediately rejected the idea, saying free fruit was already provided in the "vast bulk" of low-decile schools and there was often a breakfast programme.
"Not every school wants every child to be provided a lunch," he told reporters in Russia before leaving for Japan. "There are many families that can provide those lunches'."'
See: Key in poverty 'la la land'
And in case anyone missed the point that National was not about to follow the Scandinavian model of helping children living in poverty,
Prime Minister John Key says beneficiaries who resort to food banks do so out of their own "poor choices" rather than because they cannot afford food.
Mr Key made the comment when asked in Parliament yesterday about poverty levels.
When Labour's social development spokeswoman Annette King asked about Salvation Army reports of high demand for food parcels, Mr Key responded by saying it was true that the global recession meant more people were on benefits.
"But it is also true that anyone on a benefit actually has a lifestyle choice. If one budgets properly, one can pay one's bills.
"And that is true because the bulk of New Zealanders on a benefit do actually pay for food, their rent and other things. Now some make poor choices and they don't have money left."
See: Food parcel families made poor choices, says Key
Not only has National's "Food in Schools programme" vanished, and subsequently replaced with naked antipathy, but this blogger's emails to the Prime Minister's office on the issue have gone unanswered.
Too embarressing, no doubt.
Firing Photo ops missiles…
On 6 February 2007, National's tax-payer funded spin-doctors organised this photo-op for Dear Leader,
Key was attempting to re-play a much earlier scene on Waitangi Day in 1973, when then-Prime Minister, Norman Kirk walked onto the grounds on Waitangi, with then-ten year old, Moana Priest,
Acknowledgement: Life and career of the late Prime Minister Norman Kirk, Herald Book
However, it can safely be stated that the difference between Kirk and Key was/is monumental. It was a distance between two men that can only be measured in interstellar terms.
Kirk believed deeply in what he was doing.
Key simply exploited a naive young girl and her family for a photo-op – which we all now by now is something he cannot pass by.
In the Herald, on 6 November 2007, Aroha and her family expressed delight at attending Waitangi Day celebrations with the leader of the Opposition (as he was then),
Yesterday morning, Mr Key picked Aroha up in a Crown limousine and took her to Waitangi with him, discussing, among other things, her favourite band, Panic at the Disco.
She described the trip – one of the few she's made outside Auckland and which included her first stay in a hotel – as "exciting".
She said her family were also rapt with the visit, and felt much more comfortable when they realised National list MP Jackie Blue, who accompanied Mr Key to McGehan Close, would be with her for the trip.
Dr Blue was Aroha's grandmother's doctor and also attended to her mother, Joan Nathan, so "Mum said I'd be in good hands".
The pair spent part of the day with Mr Key but slipped away for lunch at the Copthorne Hotel, where Aroha described the chips as great but said she didn't think the fish was fresh.
"Dad always says if it doesn't fall apart it's not fresh."
Aroha said she knew little about events at Waitangi on Waitangi Day, but was looking forward to finding out.
See: A day out with friends in high places
It's somewhat disturbing to note that National list MP Jackie Blue, who had a close personal relationship with Aroha's family, played along with the photo-op. That was despite reservations expressed by some,
Labour list MP Dover Samuels was the only one publicly labelling Mr Key's invitation a stunt yesterday, but others quietly voiced similar concerns.
See: Ibid
The family, though, seemed blissfully unaware that they were little more than pawns in National's pre-election grand strategy and expressed their comfort with events,
…Mrs Nathan told Close Up last night that the invitation had given her daughter a good opportunity.
She continued to disagree with some of Mr Key's views on McGehan Close, but she believed he was trying to push for positive changes.
See: Ibid
Three months later, on 27 May 2007, Key referred to Aroha Ireland in a speech strangely entitled, "Tough on Crime". His reference to Aroha was fleeting (as was his brief intervention in her life), barely rating a mention,
" For the past six months, I've had the privilege of travelling New Zealand from city to town talking to the people who make our country tick. I've been to places like McGehan Close and met people like Aroha Ireland, a young girl with big dreams for her future. I've milked cows in Horowhenua. I've visited primary schools in Canterbury. I've met with iwi in Ruatoria. "
See: John Key's speech – Tough on Crime
Cows weren't the only thing he milked…
In the same speech, Key ramped up the aspirational rhetoric,
" The first 'E' is the economy. National will emphasise this theme because we are committed to delivering New Zealanders the fruits of a wealthier country. Make no mistake – Labour's policies are seeing us fall further and further behind the rest of the world. The recent Budget did absolutely nothing to alleviate that slide.
Michael Cullen has given up on growing our economy, instead he's preparing for retirement: Labour's retirement.
Well, National is a lot more ambitious than that. We think Kiwis deserve higher wages and lower taxes during their working lives,as well as a good retirement. That's why we will pursue economic policies and infrastructure development that will keep New Zealand competitive on the world stage. Make no mistake – Bill English's first Budget will include tax cuts. "
See: Ibid
The rest of Key's speech was pure knee-jerk, tough-on-crime, BS – so beloved by National's fearful aging middle classes.
Shots that re-bound and ricochet…
Three Years later, and Key's visit to McGehan Close had lost it's gloss, as the NZ Herald reported on 10 February 2010,
The mother of the 12-year-old girl John Key took to Waitangi three years ago says she has been let down by the Prime Minister, and her daughter now wants nothing to do with him.
Joan Nathan said she and her family were worse off since National won the election.
She'd lost her job with National list MP Jackie Blue, arranged by Key, and a training allowance she received had been cut.
"They gave me the job to sweeten the deal, and then as soon as they got elected I got the sack," she said.
"I'm pretty anti-Mr Key at the moment"..
"He's just made everything worse for us and made it easier for ones that are higher up. I'm struggling every week."
See: Family still on struggle street after Key leaves
The NZ Herald story went on to state,
A spokesman for Key said he had visited her home last year to try to help resolve the housing issue, and had spoken to her on the phone several times since the election. Key didn't wish to make any further comment.
See: Ibid
Yeah. I'll bet he didn't want to comment.
Why should he? Aroha Ireland had served her purpose for the 2008 general election, and like some Bond Villain, Key was now disposing of his 'puppets' – they were no longer useful for his grand Master Plan for World New Zealand Domination.
And Key's crony, National MP Jackie Blue's, response was even more insightful,
Jackie Blue said Nathan worked 10 hours a week doing administration for Mt Roskill office up until the 2008 election.
She wasn't re-employed because Blue merged her office with Lotu-Iiga, and didn't need to rehire staff.
Blue said she had tried to keep in touch, but Nathan's phone had been disconnected.
See: Ibid
Irony heaped upon grim irony… made redundant from a faux-job created specifically by the Nats as an enticing "lolly" for Joan Nathan (Aroha's mother)… phone disconnected as a sign of lowered income and encroaching poverty… Ms Nathan's loss of employment symptomatic of National's do-nothing approach to the country's growing unemployment crisis…
Little wonder that Aroha Ireland no longer wanted to talk about Key's visit three years ago. One cannot feel any measure of pride in being used.
John Key's photo-op had gone full-circle, and was lining up to tear big chunks from Dear Leader's arse.
If anything, Aroha's situation was now a prime example of National's policies (or lack thereof) – but not as the Nat's politburo had intended.
Shot himself in the foot…
By November of last year, Key's photo-op with Aroha Ireland had jumped from expressions of disgust, by her family at being exploited, to one of high farce for the Nats – and a measure of hope for Aroha.
Ms Ireland was joining the flood of New Zealanders escaping over the Berlin Wall Tasman Sea to a Brighter Future – in Australia,
National leader John Key says the teenager he took to Waitangi Day three years ago is not leaving for Australia because life is better there.
Aroha Ireland, 16, became the face of National's campaign to close the gap with Australia and help struggling families during the last election campaign.
Now it has been reported that Miss Ireland is headed across the Tasman.
See: PM denies teen leaving for good life
Dear Leader sez "the teenager he took to Waitangi Day three years ago is not leaving for Australia because life is better there " ?!
Oh yeah, spin it, John Boy, spin it!
Key went on to state (with a straight face, I hope) that he did not think she was going because of the yawning wage gap, between our two countries,
"I'm proud of the Government's record – in difficult times, we've closed that wage gap with Australia. We've grown after-tax wages by 10 per cent in the last three years, Australia by six."
Except… well… Yeah, nah. John Key is now piling the BS on top of his previous outrageous spin. The facts speak otherwise – the wage gap is growing, not reducing, despite what Key and his spinmeisters might want us to believe.
In fact, Key should be fully aware that he was being less than truthful by suggesting that the wages gap was closing. As right wing politician, and ex-Reserve bank governor, Don Brash stated only two weeks earlier,
"In 2008 we estimated the gap was 35% currently it's nearer 40%."
See: Aussie wage gap now 40% – Brash
(Unfortunately, Brash's brief moment of lucidity was short-lived, and he thereafter descended into right wing nuttery to solve the growing wage gap. In essence, more of the same of the last thirty years. What's that definition of craziness; doing the same thing over and over again and expecting a different outcome?)
It was little wonder that Key claimed he had "no idea" why Aroha was escaping to Australia,
"Lots of young people decide to go for an OE – I don't know how long she'll last. I'm not in a position to go into too much; hope she comes back.
I'm disappointed she's going for her, because I think New Zealand has got a great future in front of it and I'd like her to be part of it."
See: PM denies teen leaving for good life
Of course Dear Leader knows why Aroha left New Zealand. But to admit it would be a colossal admission of National's failure to address critical economic and social problems in our country.
Key's comments are lame by any standards. We simply laugh harder and louder at his moronic utterances.
A year later, all doubt was removed why Aroha Ireland – like thousands of other New Zealanders, before and since, her voting with her feet – had moved to Australia…
And the photo-op blows up in Key's face…
According to a NZ Herald report this year, Aroha's move to Australia held no great mystery,
… Aroha Ireland has given up on New Zealand, is engaged to be married and earning good money with no plans to return to her homeland.
The 17-year-old bailed for the lucky country last year, disillusioned with her prospects in Auckland.
Miss Ireland, who is engaged to Stuart Spashett also of Auckland, did not return the Herald's calls.
She has told family members and friends she is embarrassed by the publicity that followed her since her visit to Waitangi in 2008.
Lisa Spashett, who calls herself Aroha's second mum, said the Government had failed people like her future daughter-in-law.
She said there was nothing for them in New Zealand to look forward to or return to.
See: Key's poster girl finds life much better in Australia
Ms Spashett went on to say, with drilling, laser-beam, accuracy,
"As far as they are concerned, no, they [the National Government] hadn't done anything for them. I can tell you that straight up and that's why they are in Australia."
See: Ibid
From 6 February 2007,
… to 13 November 2012,
From self-serving exploitation by a cynical multi-millionaire-cum-politician – to an embarressing example of National's failure.
And the best thing about this? National has shot itself in it's own foot, with no help from it's political opponants whatsoever.
They did it to themselves.
National Party Speech – The Kiwi Way: A Fair Go For All (30 Jan 2007)
National Press Release – National launches its Food in Schools programme (4 Feb 2007)
A day out with friends in high places (6 Feb 2007)
Aroha is missing her Key friend (10 Feb 2007)
National Party Speech – Tough on Crime (27 May 2007)
Family still on struggle street after Key leaves (7 Feb 2010)
Aussie wage gap now 40% – Brash (7 Nov 2011)
PM denies teen leaving for good life (21 Nov 2011)
Key's poster girl finds life much better in Australia (13 Nov 2012)
= fs =
Missionary, doggie, cowgirl, or -?
National MP, Kanwaljit Bakshi Singh, asked this extraordinary question in Parliament,
"If you get married, who will be identified as husband, and who will be identified as wife?"
See: Interesting questions at gay marriage bill hearing
This, I submit to the reader, is a pretty good indication how ridiculous and pathetic the whole issue becomes when Parliament intrudes into the private lives of consenting adults (aided and abetted by some extremist religious groups who feel they have a monopoly of certain institutions).
We now have the bizarre spectacle of a Member of Parliament asking some fairly personal questions that – if I went up to some strangers in a bar – would probably earn me a smack in the head.
But let's take this situation to it's natural conclusion. If Mr Singh feels it appropriate to ask personal questions about peoples' personal lives, my questions to him are;
- Does he prefer missionary, doggie, cowgirl, or perhaps something a little more exotic from the Kama Sutra?
- Does he and Mrs Singh ever do the Wild Thing somewhere other than the marital bedroom? Kitchen? Attic? Laundry?
- Spit or swallow?
As a taxpayer who pays for Mr Singh's Parliamentary career, and now his opportunity to delve into people's private lives, I feel I have a new-found right to make these enquiries of Mr Singh.
Actually, I think all Parliamentarians should answer these questions! (Except John Banks. I really don't want to know. )
This is how utterly stupid the debate on marriage equality can get, when those in "authority" believe they have a moral right to sit in judgement of others, and ask loathsome questions of their private lives.
And if our society applied the same standard of bigotry against Mr Singh that he levelled at the two gay men who appeared at the Select Committee hearing today (22 Nov) – a Whites Only racist society might not have been so welcoming toward him when he applied to immigrate to this country.
Thankfully, he doesn't have to face a system of apartheid here…
One wonders about his own bigotry.
= fs =


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text:
mRNA analysis of single living cells
- Toshiya Osada1Email author,
- Hironori Uehara1,
- Hyonchol Kim1 and
- Atsushi Ikai1
© Osada et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2003
Received: 3 December 2002
Accepted: 14 February 2003
Published: 14 February 2003
Analysis of specific gene expression in single living cells may become an important technique for cell biology. So far, no method has been available to detect mRNA in living cells without killing or destroying them. We have developed here a novel method to examine gene expression of living cells using an atomic force microscope (AFM). AFM tip was inserted into living cells to extract mRNAs. The obtained mRNAs were analyzed with RT-PCR, nested PCR, and quantitative PCR. This method enabled us to examine time-dependent gene expression of single living cells without serious damage to the cells.
The properties of individual cells depend on molecules that constitute them. The different combinations of protein expression result in structural and functional changes of individual cells. Although most of these events depend on differences in gene expression, no method is available to examine time dependent gene expression of individual living cells. There are other methods to analyze mRNA from single cells. For example, the cellular content may be aspirated into a fine capillary and mRNAs could be analyzed with PCR [1], differential display [2], or amplified antisense RNA procedure using T7 RNA polymerase [3]. These techniques did not allow examining time dependent gene expression of individual living cells because their mRNA harvesting procedures resulted in partial or complete disruption of the cells. The goal of our study is a time dependent measurement of gene expression of a single living cell, as defined by mRNA expression. The change of gene expression in a single living cell may determine its uniqueness, function, and biochemical activities. We refer to this field as single cell biology and believe it will provide exciting new opportunities to better understand new biochemical processes of cell biology.
Recent progress in the field of nanotechnology has enabled us to perform direct manipulations of biological material containing proteins [4–6], DNA molecules [7, 8], organelles and cells [9–13]. The AFM has been considered to be an important tool in the study of nanotechnology. Since its invention in 1986 by Binnig et al. [14], the AFM has been increasingly used in biological systems [15–21] because it can be operated in a liquid environment as well as under ambient conditions. The AFM has the ability not only to produce high-resolution images of biological samples, but also to manipulate the sample because the AFM tip makes direct contact with the sample surface with high positional accuracy. In this paper, we developed a method to examine mRNA expression of single living cells without severe damage to the cells. This method also can be applied to extracting other biomolecules as well as mRNA from living cells.
Results and Discussion
The detection of β-actin mRNA from single VNOf90 cells.
The number of assays against single cells | The number of β-actin positive cases | The number of cells | The total number of β-actin positive cases | The total number of assays on each case |
1 | 1 | 72 | 72 | 72 |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
2 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 8 |
2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
3 | 2,1, or 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 4 | 12 | 48 | 48 |
4 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 12 |
4 | 2,1, or 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 5 | 4 | 20 | 20 |
5 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
5 | 3,2,1, or 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6 | 6 | 2 | 12 | 12 |
6 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 6 |
6 | 4,3,2,1, or 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
102 | 182 | 189 |
- 1)
The procedure for inserting the tip into the cell was not successful.
- 2)
The PCR reaction was not successful.
- 3)
β-actin mRNA did not exist in the cell where the tip was inserted.
The first two results were considered to be experimental errors, and the last one was considered to result from the probability of the existence of mRNA. Nevertheless, the high probability of detecting β-actin mRNA indicated that it could be used as a positive marker for examining the expression of other genes which would exclude the first two reasons from consideration. A population of mammalian cells grown in culture medium contains about one million mRNAs per cell. Fibroblast cells are reported to contain 2,000~3,000 copies of β-actin mRNA per cell [24]. Our method can be applied to detect other mRNAs whose copies number more than several thousand per cell. To extract mRNA specifically or detect smaller numbers of mRNA, the use of AFM tips coupled with oligo(dT)n might be helpful.
We provide a powerful new technique to study gene expression in mammalian single cells. Our studies demonstrate that time dependent gene expression patterns in single cells are not always similar to those in large cell populations. At the single cell level, gene expression patterns sometimes fluctuate up and down. We expect that these phenomena will aid in the understanding of the properties of individual cells.
Preparation of cells
Rat fibroblast-like VNOf90 cells derived from the vomeronasal organ [25] and mouse osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells obtained from RIKEN GenBank were grown in 35 mm Petri dishes in Dulbecco's minimum essential medium (DMEM) supplemented with 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS). The cells were washed three times with DMEM lacking FBS and used for the AFM experiments.
mRNA extraction with AFM
Manipulation of the AFM tip (NP, Digital Instruments, Santa Barbara, CA) was carried out using an atomic force microscope (NVB-100, Olympus, Inc.). The AFM tip was positioned above a target cell under an optical microscope. The AFM tip approached the cell surface using a step motor command of the AFM operation. The touch of the AFM tip on the cell surface was detected by the deflection signal of an AFM cantilever. More loading forces were applied to insert the AFM tip into the cell membrane. The AFM tip was inserted into the cytoplasm region around the nucleus to collect mRNA. After the AFM tips were inserted into the single cells, the tips were then placed into PCR tubes.
VNOf90 cells were fixed in 3.7% formaldehyde for 15 min, washed three times with PBS and then incubated with primary antibodies to fibronectin (a) in PBS containing 0.1% Tween-20 and 10% FBS for 12 h was followed by three washes and incubation with FITC labeled secondary antibodies and rhodamin-phalloidin bound to actin filaments (b). After being washed three times with PBS, the cells were examined using fluorescent microscopy.
RT-PCR was performed with a one step RT-PCR kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) according to the kit's instructions with 0.2 μM of each primer in a 50 μl reaction volume. The sequences of the PCR primer pairs (5' to 3') that were used are as follows: mouse β-actin, 5'-primer 5'-GTGGGCCGCTCTAGGCACCAA-3' and 3'-primer 5'-CTCTTTGATGTCACGCACGATTTC-3'; rat β-actin, 5'-primer 5'-TTGTAACCAACTGGGACGATATGG-3' and 3'-primer 5'-GATCTTGATCTTCATGGTGCTAGG-3'; rat fibronectin, 5'-primer 5'-CCCTCCATTTCTGAGTGGTC-3' and 3'-primer 5'-GACAGTGAGTCCTGTGGGGT-3'; and rat c-fos, 5'-primer 5'-ATGATGTTCTCGGGTT-3' and 3'-primer 5'-TCACAGGGCTAGCAGTGTGG-3'. First-strand cDNA synthesis was performed at 50°C for 30 min, at which time the reaction was heated to 95°C for 15 min to activate HotStrTaq DNA polymerase. The amplification reaction was carried out for 30 cycles, and each cycle consisted of 94°C for 45 s, 55°C for 45 s, and 72°C for 1 min, followed by a final 10 min elongation at 72°C.
Nested PCR was carried out for 20 cycles, and each cycle consisted of 94°C for 45 s, 55°C for 45 s, and 72°C for 1 min, followed by a final 10 min elongation at 72°C. A 5 μl volume of the reaction product from the first round was transferred to 45 μl of a second round mix for the 2nd round. The sequences of the PCR primer pairs (5' to 3') that were used are as follows: mouse β-actin, 5'-primer 5'-GACTCCTATGTGGGTGACGAGG-3' and 3'-primer 5'-GGATCTTCATGAGGTAGTCCGTCA-3'; rat β-actin, 5'-primer 5'-AAGATTTGGCACCACACTTTCTAC-3' and 3'-primer 5'-ACACTTCATGATGGAATTGAATGT-3'; rat fibronectin, 5'-primer 5'-CCTTAAGCCTTCTGCTCTGG-3' and 3'-primer 5'-CGGCAAAAGAAAGCAGAACT-3'; and rat c-fos, 5'-primer 5'-AGAATCCGAAGGGAAAGGAA-3' and 3'-primer 5'-ATGATGCCGGAAACAAGAAG-3'. PCR products were visualized on ethidium bromide-stained 1% agarose gels and then photographed.
Quantitative PCR was performed with an Applied Biosystems Prism 7000 sequence detection system. Reactions were performed in a 50 μl volume including 40 pg of total RNA and buffer included in the SYBR Green I RT-PCR Mastermix (Qiagen, CA, USA). PCR cycling conditions were 50°C for 30 min, 95°C for 15 min, and 40 cycles of 94°C for 15 s, 55°C for 30 s, and 72°C for 45 s. Amplification plots and predicted Ct values from the exponential phase of the PCR were analyzed with ABI Prism 7000 SDS software. A standard curve was generated by using total RNA from the cells at 3 h diluted at 4-fold intervals. All standard curves and sample assays were performed in quadruplicate to improve the accuracy of mRNA transcript detection. For single cell assay, quantitative PCR was performed with the SYBR Green I PCR Mastermix (Qiagen, CA, USA) according to the kit's instructions with 0.6 μM of each primer in a 50 μl reaction volume. A 1 μl volume of the reaction product from the first round was transferred to 49 μl of the second round mix for the 2nd round. The sequences of the PCR primer pairs (5' to 3') that were used are as follows: rat β-actin, 5'-primer 5'-GTAGCCATCCAGGCTGTGTT-3'and 3'-primer 5'-CCCTCATAGATGGGCACAGT-3'; and rat c-fos, 5'-primer 5'-AGAATCCGAAGGGAAAGGAA-3' and 3'-primer 5'-ATGATGCCGGAAACAAGAAG-3'. Standard curves were generated by using DNA fragments from rat β-actin (Toyobo, Osaka, Japan) and c-fos at 4-fold intervals. DNA fragments from rat c-fos were generated with RT-PCR as described previously and then isolated with Wizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-up System (Promega, WI, USA). The concentration of the product was determined with an absorbance at 260 nm.
List of abbreviations
atomic force microscope
polymerase chain reaction
Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
Authors' Affiliations
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.


text:
Crypt::PBKDF2::Hash - Abstract role for PBKDF2 hashing algorithms.
version 0.121930
Returns the length (in bytes) of the hashes this algorithm generates.
Generate strong pseudorandom bits based on the $data
and $key
Return a string representing any optional arguments this object was created with,
for use by Crypt::PBKDF2's generate
and encode_string
May return undef if no arguments are required,
in which case none will be serialized and from_algo_string
won't be called on reading the hash.
Given a string as produced by from_algo_string
return an instance of this class with options corresponding to those in $str
If no options are expected,
it's permissible for this method to throw an exception.
Andrew Rodland <email@example.com>
This software is copyright (c) 2012 by Andrew Rodland.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.


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At the last board meeting for Texas Impact we discussed some of the 'false opposites' that have crept into our public political dialogue within the past decades. The most notable among these is an idea that has been leveraged extensively during this presidential election cycle: You can either be religious, or you can be liberal.
For decades, the conservative wing of American politics has effectively claimed ownership of Religion. This is despite the fact that their narrow interpretation of the word 'religion' doesn't even encapsulate the views of all Christians, much less any of the other faith traditions practiced in the U.S. Rather than allowing individual Americans the freedom to make their own choices, the Right attempts to legislate women's reproductive rights, dictate the definition of marriage and family, and question other Americans' allegiance all based on a single, monolithic religious ideology: Conservative Christianity. In fact, Governor Rick Perry articulated this idea in his infamous "Strong" web ad where, among other ludicrous claims he states, "As President, I'll end Obama's war on religion. And I'll fight against liberal attacks on our religious heritage."
But what I find even more disturbing about this false assertion is the increasing willingness of those on the Left to buy into it. Throughout the past months in both public and private discussions I've experienced my own liberal friends disparaging about religion even being mentioned in the political arena. "Why does a candidate's religion even matter?" is the refrain. As if the mere mention of religion by a politician is a threat to the democratic process.
Part of the problem, of course, is that politicians who do make a point of discussing religion publicly generally tend to be ultra-conservatives. But that doesn't mean candidates who don't make religious rhetoric part of their official platform, are, in fact, irreligious. I'd much rather know about a politician's religious convictions when deciding to vote for them than be left in the dark about this major facet of their personality. I also want to know whether or not my politicians feel entitled to impose their religious beliefs on others; and if they have the ability to be objective with regard to their own beliefs and those of their constituency.
For those of us who belong to a religious minority, it can seem tempting to backburner our religious-based activism in order to find political allies. But is that really feasible? As a religious liberal, I know that it is entirely possible to have a strong faith and not feel the need to force it on other people. But I would also be lying if I said that my beliefs didn't in some way inspire my political views. My interpretation of Islam embraces pluralism, equality, social justice and activism. These are not just ideas I pulled out of a hat, but are part of the faith tradition I live each day. Taking my faith out of my activism would leave it hollow and incomplete.
The founding fathers understood that spirituality is an innate part of the human experience, and that each of us has a right to determine how our spirituality will express itself in our lives. That is why they included freedom of religion in the Bill of Rights. True, individuals who feel they have a right to make laws for all Americans based on their personal religious beliefs must not be entrusted with public office. However, by insisting that all of our politicians keep their own religious convictions out of view, aren't we asking for even more disingenuous representation than we already have?
Among other things, pluralism means that even those with major differences in ideology can come together for a common purpose, while still honoring individual and deeply held beliefs. A citizen's ability to hold an office should first and foremost be based on their character and the ability to operate in a pluralistic environment. Our public servants are entrusted with positions of power that can affect us all. Let's resolve to examine them as whole people, not just as chess pieces for our pet issues. We must invite our candidates to express themselves fully, authentically as they petition for our vote. This should be the goal of Americans as we seek out representatives from among the people.
Amanda Qurashi is a Muslim-American writer, blogger, interfaith activist and tech professional living in Austin, Texas. In 2003 she founded Central Texas Muslimaat to address the unique needs of central Texas Muslim women. Amanda represented Austin's Muslim community as the youngest board member in iACT/AAIM's history. She currently works for Mobile Loaves & Fishes, serves on the Board of Directors for Texas Impact, and as a fellow


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International Women's Day
Share Your Photos of Courage!
If you could capture courage in a photograph, what would it look like? Don't tell us, show us! Tweet your photo to @CARE with the hashtag #IAmCourage. We'll pick our favorites and display them on our website! Need inspiration? Check out CARE's photos of courage by clicking the button below.
Take Action
Be the voice of courage. Tell your Representative you demand an end to the tacit acceptance of rape, abuse and violence against women right now.
Educating Girls Changes the World
Going to a school funded by CARE has changed Senna's life. It has been a year since we met Senna in "Girl Rising." See where she is today.
I'm Not Sorry
CARE supporter and rising vocal artist Celeste Buckingham celebrates the power of girls and women around the world in her new video.
Marah Zahalka: Speed Sister
Marah Zahalka, CARE-sponsored member of the Middle East's first female motor racing team "Speed Sisters," has the courage to drive to the top of a male dominated sport.
Courage Is Breaking the Mold
Anne-Marie Slaughter, CEO of the New America Foundation, shares her idea of courage at the CARE National Conference and International Women's Day Celebration.
CARE works in 86 countries around the world to support over 900 poverty-fighting development and humanitarian aid projects.


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This dragonfly was hovering beside me as I laid on our dock taking pics. Glad I got my camera focused on him!
1 response
Saroj Swain gave props (10 Oct 2012):
33,000 above MSL.... great great sgot.... Very difficult to shoot.... Lindsey


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So apparently the Justice Department hasn't been hiring liberals, but I don't see the problem. You can refuse to hire people who are thieves, pedophiles, or dullards, so shouldn't you similarly be able to refuse to hire a liberal? Plus, it's unconscionable to give them money to support them being liberal and the weird liberal things they do. Hobo is the occupation God intended for liberals, and I don't see why any of us should mess with that plan.
Rating: 2.5/5 (15 votes cast)


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A few things on the radar today....
Special Delivery? The confounded FedEx Tracker has been stuck on the same information since last Saturday, (not that I have been checking it constantly....because, well......you know!), and at any rate, the frame/fork from Black Mountain Cycles is due in today, according to the FedEx folks.
Never believe any shipping tracker device, until your package is in hand, as I always say, so I'll just wait it out till it actually arrives. When it does, I have a temporary, "get-it-up-and-running" build I will throw at it to get it....well, up and running! It won't be fancy, but it'll do the trick for now. The funny thing is, I only have to buy a few parts to finish it off, and almost everything will be silver, which is what I wanted to go for anyway. If everything plays well, I may be able to start riding this thing yet this week.
Well, assuming you can believe the FedEx Tracker, which I do not. Just sayin'!
Breaking The Mold: You know, I have opined here before about carbon fiber, "me-too" frames coming out of the woodwork from all sorts of outlets that seem to have similar "DNA" to each other. In other words, they seem to be designed in a somewhat conservative manner and sold via Chinese or other outlets with minor tweaks to distinguish one from the other. I find all of that to be rather boring and un-inventive. I mean, anyone can order from a menu, and to my mind, it belies the potential of using carbon fiber composites as a frame material in the first place.
The running line on carbon has always been that the designers and engineers could do whatever shapes that optimized performance that were necessary. You didn't have to be constrained by tubular shapes, limited tube dimensions, or difficulty in forming. Carbon fiber is very labor intensive, and thus, usually expensive. However; imagine if a wild, multi-shaped frame set could be produced to address all the inefficiencies in 29"er frame design. Then the price might just be worth the performance gained. Maybe the full potential of composites technology could be brought to bear to elevate performance, and not mimic the look of a steel cruiser rendered in carbon fiber.
Well, finally we're starting to see something like this with the Chiru Bikes I reported on, and with these images released by Giant of their upcoming XtC Composite 29"er. Giant appears to have taken a "clean sheet" approach to hard tail 29"er design with a material that allows what otherwise would be impossible to render in metal. Offset down tube, asymmetrical chain stays, and massive looking tube shapes. You may have seen some of this on road bikes, or full suspension designs, but never on such a big wheeled machine has this been seen before.I have a link to more on the Twenty Nine Inches post about this bike here.
<==image poached from the Salsa Cycles blog.
Frostbike '11: So....it happens that I'll be seeing some other new, fun stuff this coming weekend up at Quality Bicycle Product's annual dealer only show, Frostbike. This also means that another recent tradition that sprang up a couple of years ago will also take place again. That would be the hanging out at Mike's Bikes in Northfield, MN with Ben Witt, and friends. There will be merriment of a different sort this time though, and you can look for reports on all of that coming this weekend from the source of the action.
This year promises to be a good one from the looks of it, if you are into 29"ers, so stay tuned and look forward to my reports here and on Twenty Nine Inches. One of the new rigs I hope to be reporting on is the new Mamasita, (image in red shown here), which has always been close to my heart, as it was the introduction of the original Mamasita to me at a Salsa event held out at the Boy Scout Camp that I got to know Gnat and Kid a bit better. That was a great weekend that I'll not forget, and that memory is tied to the Mamasita for me. I know I am looking forward to seeing that bike, and the rest of the goods, and most importantly- the people, this weekend.
A Smashing Good Ride Report
3 hours ago


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moon tower
Roger Bernabo 4/25/2005 5:04:38 AM
Super shot Robert! #240761Paul Michko 4/25/2005 5:16:56 AM
Magnificent capture, Robert. #1289048Arya Bandyopadhyay 4/25/2005 5:17:22 AM
Fantastic image, Robert!! #1289049Carla Metzler 4/25/2005 5:35:38 AM
Great capture, Robert! #1289106Cathy Barrows 4/25/2005 6:06:24 AM
mysterious and wonderful #1289211Kerby Pfrangle 4/25/2005 6:26:11 AM
Robert this is wonderful. Kind of like in a dream. Kerby #1289264Michael McCook 4/25/2005 7:16:31 AM
GREAT Capture Robert! Looks like a winner to me! #1289476Stephanie Lyons 4/25/2005 7:20:53 AM
I agree with Michael - WINNER! #1289493Colette M. Metcalf 4/25/2005 9:10:35 AM
Outstanding!!! #1289809robert burks 4/25/2005 4:58:04 PM
...thanks everyone for the comments...they are appreciated! I was trying to do something different with a lighthouse...just seen so many pictures of lighthouses...I wanted to creat something different...thanks again! #1291060Wendy Stevenson 4/25/2005 5:05:32 PM
VERY very well done Robert!! I love this kind of image! #1291071Donna Roberts 4/26/2005 1:38:00 AM
You sure did create something different Robert, like you were aiming to do.Kate Jackson 4/26/2005 5:25:05 AM
Congratulations on achieving your aim Robert!! You certainly DID something different. I've also seen many pictures of moons that are just moons. This is truly creative!robert burks 4/26/2005 6:59:20 AM
...thanks Wendy...Donna I am sure you have thought of that...:)...Kate...thanks, and its true most of my work is sunrise, comes with the territory of living on the east coast vs the west coast...however, Im ready to stop getting up so early ::grins:::
thanks all... #1292929
Many Congratulations on this outstanding Finalist, Robert!! #1377109Colleen Braun 5/21/2005 11:00:25 PM
congratulations... #1377279Donna Roberts 5/22/2005 3:00:51 AM
A huge vegemite smeared smile on this finalist Robert......best of luck in the next round.Jill Flynn 5/22/2005 6:51:00 AM
Congratulations on this outstanding finalist Robert! #1379288Kate Jackson 5/22/2005 7:49:18 AM
And a huge marmite smeared grin on this great finalist Robert. #1379625Terry R. Hatfield 5/22/2005 10:19:35 AM
Congratulations On Another Great Finalist Robert!! #1380605Deb Holmes-Hatfield 5/22/2005 11:05:08 AM
Robert, Congratulations on this stunning finalist! #1380837Stephanie Lyons 5/23/2005 5:30:05 PM
Congratulations Robert! I knew this one was special! #1386947Rhonda Smith 8/20/2005 7:11:08 AM
This is an amazing capture.. it's a full moon here tonite.. makes me wanna go out and see what I can find.. haha.. Bravo!! #1738539Ian Cheung 2/10/2006 10:11:19 AM
This is really fantastic. love it. #2403233...taken last night during the full moon...silhouette of the stair casing of a lighthouse...
Uploaded on 4/25/2005 4:59:18 AM
Camera: Nikon D70 Digital SLR Camera
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text: Item is not available Find Another One Others Looked At... Dakota Model 76 M76 Classic Deluxe in 7m... SELLER: Shooting Investments 1 $5,999.00 Engraved Dakota Model 76 Safari 375 H&H ... SELLER: 915hunter 0 $5,000.00 DAKOTA ALASKAN GUIDE RIFLE 270 WIN SELLER: roanshorthair 1 $2,499.00 Model-10 Deluxe 270win (Pre-Remington) SELLER: Wood River L and T Inc 1 $7,495.00 Dakota Arms Model 76 .280 Ackley Improve... SELLER: Deweys Pawn Shop 1 $5,295.95 Dakota Arms Model 10 .25-06 Ackley Impro... SELLER: Deweys Pawn Shop 1 $4,695.95 Guns Rifles Dakota Arms Rifles Dakota Arms Win | 230 | 10 | Lc | 187.5161ms Dakota Arms #10 243Win For Sale from First Stop Gun | Positive feedback: 99% View | Verified Seller | 8647 Completed Sales View Sellers Items This item is no longer available. Description Shipping and Payment More Info Dakota Arms #10 243Win,pretty hand selected wood,new in the case See Description Trades Accepted: Yes We Sell new and used firearms,high quality optics.We have over 3000 guns in stock,this is our 40th year in business. We also trade in gold,silver and rare coins.Prices listed are discounted for cash,please add 3% for credit cards. Condition: New In Box Caliber: .243 (other) Location: SD Share Item Item #: 990859995 Stock No.: gn117318 This item is no longer available. Price: Shipping: $35.00 (or FREE in-store pick up!) Accepted Payment Methods: Returns: 3 Days First Stop Gun Seller Since: Sep. 2001 Seller Level: Free National Seller This seller is an FFL City: Rapid City State: SD Your Recently Viewed Items


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by Kevin Melrose | April 19, 2013
Frustrated by the glacial pace of a bill to create a Superman license plate, an Ohio representative pinned the legislation to the state budget, which passed the House on Thursday — coincidentally, the 75th anniversary of the Man of Steel.
"This is an important moment for Ohioans," State Rep. Bill Patmon, who represents Cleveland, told The Plain Dealer. "This license plate is all about recognizing the American dream and the heroes that make it possible."
The legislation now moves to the Senate, and then on to Gov. John Kasich for final approval. If all goes as planned, the plates will be available for purchase by Ohioans next summer.
Celebrating the creation of Man of Steel in 1932 by Cleveland teenagers Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, the plates originally were intended to bear the phrase, "Birthplace of Superman," but Warner Bros. and DC Comics objected to the slogan, insisting the superhero was born on Krypton. So instead they'll now say "Truth, Justice & the American Way," and sport the iconic "S" emblem.
The Siegel and Shuster Society began the push for the plate in 2011. A portion of the proceeds from sales of the specialty plates will go to the group to fund Superman projects.


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a place for zinesters - writers and readers
Thanks Synthia, I think you and I have already exchanged zines! Mine is Sprouted Ink :D I will definitely review your zines for the list!
okay, thank - you steph!, !!
I make a zine about my eating disorder, but touch a bit on my addiction, dysthymic disorder, and anxiety. https://www.etsy.com/shop/ramonegirl
Synthia Nicole said:
please review mine. drop an address for me & a gift will arrive via post to you.
Yes I am interested to read your stuff.
1769 wainwright dr. reston va 20190
mitch kato
A Moment of Your Time by Laura Ellyn is really good -- https://www.etsy.com/listing/160697012/a-moment-of-your-time-art-zi...
Also quality is Every Day Failures, available from Pioneers Press: http://pioneerspress.com/catalog/zines/4534/
Those are the two that come to mind immediately.
Send me your address and I will send you my zine. Its called "suffering machine" and a lot of mentally ill thoughts are in it. And you could read it in one sitting. email@example.com
in each issue of my zine the stay at home girlfriend i talk about my struggles living with chronic ocd and anxiety. i also often talk about life lessons or inspiration that has helped me get through some dark times.
I have a zine titled, All in Your Head: Queerness, Neurodivergence, and Disability which focuses on LGBTQIA people with disabilities, chronic illnesses, neurodivergent, and/or folks with pervasive mental health issues.
I would love for someone to review my zine. :-) I would be willing to send free copies and a little gift in exchange.
Sam GlitterWurst
Hi, I'm running a workshop at a queer festival this summer about mental health, and I am also hoping to make my own mental health zine, partly from that experience and partly from my own, plans plans, creative creative yay.
I have been looking for zines that talk about queerness and mental health, to reference or recommend or just read, but currently have nothing to swap! But I would be totally interested in doing a swap with you when I have something to swap :) your zine(s) look really interesting!
Mine is in the making! Not So Crazy Zine. Written for and by people with MH issues
16 members
676 members
224 members
5 members
368 members
Ist preference given to distros and zines. Rates and details are here. Limited space. Very Low Cost!
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Internet Registry IP Allocation Guidelines
Document | Type |
RFC - Historic
(November 1996; No errata)
Obsoleted by RFC 7020
Obsoletes RFC 1466
Status changed by status-change-2050-to-historic
Also known as BCP 12
Was draft-hubbard-registry-guidelines (individual)
Last updated | 2013-08-25 | ||
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Network Working Group K. Hubbard Request for Comments: 2050 M. Kosters Obsoletes: 1466 InterNIC BCP: 12 D. Conrad Category: Best Current Practice APNIC D. Karrenberg RIPE J. Postel ISI November 1996 INTERNET REGISTRY IP ALLOCATION GUIDELINES Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. IESG Note: By approving this document as a Best Current Practice,the IESG asserts its belief that this policy described herein is an accurate representation of the current practice of the IP address registries with respect to address assignment. This does not constitute endorsement or recommendation of this policy by the IESG. The IESG will reevaluate its approval of this document in December 1997 taking into consideration the results of the discussions that will be take place in the IRE Working Group between now and then. Abstract This document describes the registry system for the distribution of globally unique Internet address space and registry operations. Particularly this document describes the rules and guidelines governing the distribution of this address space. This document describes the IP assignment policies currently used by the Regional Registries to implement the guidelines developed by the IANA. The guidelines and these policies are subject to revision at the direction of the IANA. The registry working group (IRE WG) will be discussing these issues and may provide advice to the IANA about possible revisions. This document replaces RFC 1466, with all the guidelines and procedures updated and modified in the light of experience. Hubbard, et. al. Best Current Practice [Page 1] RFC 2050 Internet Registry IP Allocation Guidelines November 1996 This document does not describe private Internet address space and multicast address space. It also does not describe regional and local refinements of the global rules and guidelines. This document can be considered the base set of operational guidelines in use by all registries. Additional guidelines may be imposed by a particular registry as appropriate. Table of Contents 1. Introduction.......................................2 2. Allocation Framework...............................4 2.1 Guidelines for Internet Service Providers.........4 2.2 Submission of Reassignment Information............6 3. Assignment Framework..............................7 3.1 Common Registry Requirements......................7 3.2 Network Engineering Plans.........................8 3.3 Previous Assignment History.......................9 3.4 Network Deployment Plans..........................9 3.5 Organization Information..........................9 3.6 Expected Utilization Rate.........................10 4. Operational Guidelines for Registries.............10 5. In-Addr.Arpa Domain Maintenance...................11 6. Right to Appeal...................................11 7. References........................................12 8. Security Considerations...........................12 9. Authors' Addresses................................13 1. Introduction The addressing constraints described in this document are largely the result of the interaction of existing router technology, address assignment, and architectural history. After extensive review and discussion, the authors of this document, the IETF working group that reviewed it and the IESG have concluded that there are no other currently deployable technologies available to overcome these limitations. In the event that routing or router technology develops to the point that adequate routing aggregation can be achieved by other means or that routers can deal with larger routing and more dynamic tables, it may be appropriate to review these constraints. Internet address space is distributed according to the following three goals: 1) Conservation: Fair distribution of globally unique Internet address space according to the operational needs of the end-users and InternetShow full document text


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ALPS BEANIE AL5030010 color color mid blue/dark blue black/light green orange/dark blue mid blue/dark blue black/light green orange/dark blue Size Size one size €0.00 Find a store
ALPS BEANIE AL5030010 The Atomic Alps Beanie M comes in classic fit with a fleece lining and a range of different colors. Super simple, super comfy.
Skiwear Sizes SizeChart Mens inch cm S M L XL XXL Sleeve 3384 3486 3589 3691 3794 Chest 3795 40101 42107 45115 48123 Waist 3077 3383 3589 3897 41105 Hip 3896 40102 43108 46116 49124 Inner leg 3179 3281 3384 3486 3589 Finding your Measurements SLEEVE With your arms in a slightly bent position, measure from the centre of the back of your neck, along the length of your arm, to the wrist. CHEST Measure around your chest, holding the measuring tape under your armpit. WAIST Measure around your waist at the narrowest part. HIP Measure around your hips at the widest part. INNER LEG From a standing position, measure your inner leg to the sole of your foot.


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The U.S. bishops, in agreement with the Vatican Publishing House, are creating a series of books presenting reflections from the Pope. The series is called "Spiritual Thoughts" and the book on Paul is its second installment. The books contain excerpts from a variety of Benedict XVI's speeches and homilies.
Paul Henderson, publishing director for the episcopal conference, said he views the release of a book on St. Paul as "a timely opportunity for Catholics to join the Pope and return to the Bible as the source of parish and personal renewal."
Father David Toups, of the Secretariat of Clergy, Consecrated Life and Vocations, added: "The book series is an opportunity for U.S. Catholics to gain access to the Pope's personal thoughts and deep spiritual insights."
The first book of the series featured reflections from the Holy Father during his first year as Pope. After the work on Paul, the Spiritual Thoughts series will continue with other books on Mary, the saints, and excerpts from the second year of the pontificate.
The Spiritual Thoughts book on St. Paul will be available Aug. 29, and can be ordered online at www.usccbpublishing.org.


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I actually own most flavours of popular VA synths apart from waldorf(soon soon ;))
the SN2 can stand up to virus when u learn to programe it - it has better onboard presets too! what makes the virus stand out is the extra waveforms but since real analog synths dont have these waveforms you are basing your oppinion on the virus when it isnt really doing its analog emulation , its doing a pcm/wavetable emulation
if u want to wank over the virus then do so , me personaly think the supernova is better for analog rich sounds - it has top end also! not saying that the virus is bad - tho if u just use the basic saw/tri/pulse waves the supernova wins outright.
sorry for the virus/supernova comparison if i had a choice of one instrument to use i would go for the SN2. the to be happy i would get both :)
all i can say is im glad that i got the supernova when i did because the virus tho nice sounding isnt in the same league at all. my music would not have been the same with the virus - and i meen that in a bad way :)
the sounds that i make on the sn that sound so warm n fat just dont cut it on the virus. admittedly the virus has a faster sound in unison mode but the supernova is easily supreme.
dont listen to the reviews and hype , listen with your ears -- tho i still prefare my JD800 over the supernova so i can see where the other bloke is comming from also


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Visit. Read. Watch. Rate. Favorite. Comment. Subscribe. Follow. Reccomend. Enjoy!
Instagram: @funtoo2
Twitter: @thworldismine
Tumblr: @causeiknowthings
*"I've come to deliver some bad luck."*
*"Shall I grant your wish?"*
*"I can see the ending."*
*"I'm just one hell of a butler."*
8,412 total episodes
I still need to open 3 years worth of math, physics and English books. Yeah graduation tests soon again... in 4 months...
That sounds so complicated O.o Over here it's quite simple. You have a schedule for the whole week and it only changes once or twice a year. For example, on Monday I have English (1h - well, actually it's only 50min, but we call it an hour =P), Dutch (1h), Break (15min), Maths (2h), Lunch (1h), Chemistry (1h), Geography (1h), Break (15min) and PE (2h). So on Monday we have 8 hours, but normally you only have 7 hours a day and 4 on Wednesdays. That makes a total of 33 hours of school a week... *sigh* Life is hard <.<
I'm from Belgium by the way. You know, the country in between France, Germany and The Nederlands, famous for its beer, chocolate and peeing statues (the last one isn't a joke ^^')
Yes it is safe, it just makes insane big files because they're raws, meaning they are not packed. Use MediaCodec to convert video files and shorten them if you have to. ;)
I used free version of FRAPS that uses lots of cpu to capture desktop / game footage.


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Possessive Case
The possessive case is used to show ownership. (Lynne's website.)
The good news is that the genetive case is used less and less in English today. Hooray!
You may still hear someone say something like "The mother of the bride," but it could equally be; "The bride's mother."
However, the possessive pattern ('s) is generally used when indicate a relation of ownership or association with a person, rather than a thing.
For example:-
- Lynne's web site kept growing larger and larger.
There are, as ever, exceptions to this rule. When a group of people is involved or animals.
For example:-
- The members' forum.
- The dogs' tails.
Singular and irregular plural nouns that don't end in 's' take -'s.
For example:-
- Lynne's web site.
- The people's court.
Plural nouns that end in " s " take an apostrophe at the end ( ' ).
For example:-
- The girls' dresses.
People's names that end in "s" you can write (') or ('s).
For example:-
- Charles' job was on the line.
- Charles's job was on the line.
Try to avoid sounding like hissing Sid though. When an added - s would lead to three closely bunched s or z sounds just use an apostrophe at the end.
- The map of Ulysses' journey.
If you have to show joint ownership, give the possessive form to the final name only.
- Abbott and Costello's famous baseball sketch.
Pronouns and determiners are inflected to show the possessive case.
Personal Pronoun/Determiner | |
Lynne's | Lynne's |
My | Mine |
Your | Yours |
His | His |
Her | Hers |
Its | Its |
Our | Ours |
Their | Theirs |
Whose | Whose |
For example:-
- This is Lynne's web site. It's my website!. It's mine!
- It's not Zozanga's web site. It's not his website. It's not his.
- Have you seen her book? It's her book. It's hers.
Genitive Case
You should still use the genetive case when talking about things that belong to other things.
For example:-
- The door of the car.
- The content of the website.
- The top of the page.
!Tip - If you aren't sure what to use stick to (of the).


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Roberto Mancini is supposed to do exasperation at the Etihad Stadium. Often he appears to have the exclusive contract and who, anyway, can do it quite like him? On this occasion, though, he surely had to defer to the body language of Sergio Aguero's despair.
Aguero played like a champion and scorer of the most superior goals. He refused to accept that in the absence of Yaya Toure and Vincent Kompany City would inevitably drift further off their title course, especially after Daniel Sturridge produced still more dramatic evidence that he might well prove an enduring catalyst for the new Liverpool of Brendan Rodgers.
It was the most formidable case made by the young man branded a brooding misfit at Stamford Bridge but one who is suggesting with beautiful (if we can forget the ugly dive for which he was yellowed carded with splendid certainty by referee Anthony Taylor) nerve and skill that he is fighting to save a front rank career at Anfield.
His brilliant goal, and mostly silky touch, gave Liverpool the momentum normally generated most persuasively by Luis Suarez and Steven Gerrard.
Certainly it was true that when Gerrard put Liverpool into the lead quite superbly there was reason to believe that we were seeing more than one of the more compelling Premier League games in a season of seriously dwindling standards, especially in the old science of professional defence.
This might just have been the winning statement by the Liverpool that they are indeed a gathering force – one to justify the recent statement of their old hero Ian St John that they are beginning to play some of the football that first began to shape their great tradition.
It was an impression that hardly faded with Aguero's sublimely flighted equaliser but by then Liverpool's progress – though plainly real enough – had been overtaken by the chilling reality of City's plight: and the Argentine's failure to deliver the most remarkable of repairs.
The truth is that it will take more than the return of Kompany and Toure – and Aguero's blazing refusal to accept the concept of defeat – to return City to any serious chance of retaining their title.
Manchester United's lead of nine points may be no guarantee that they will remain unscathed by the distractions of Europe and the limitations of a squad that has at times been pushed to its seams, but they do have something which has never been so perilously threatened in this critical season of the City project.
It is the kind of self-belief which can carry you through all kinds of crisis and yesterday for City it was running so low that it was beyond the restoration offered by the magnificent Aguero.
He has his less effective days, of course, but there is never a question mark against his resolve – or his willingness to push back all limits on his performance. That was the way he announced himself when he first arrived in Manchester as the fabled son-in-law of the great Diego Maradona and it is a statement on which he has never reneged. It was the story of his first performance as a substitute when he made and scored remarkable goals, when he rescued the title on the last day of the season and there were moments when he reached out for such an effect yesterday.
The goal, after Pepe Reina's latest rush of blood, was conjured quite extraordinarily and at the end there was reason to believe that he might again redeem a team which too often falls below his levels of intensity and professional pride.
When it didn't happen, when in the last moments he received a head-high ball into the box that might not have challenged the imagination of anyone at the most humble strata of the game, something seemed to give, at least for the moment. He was angry and defeated and that for him is a rare and demoralising sensation.
It is something, though, he might have to experience a little more of if Mancini cannot engender new levels of both commitment and a degree of composure.
The idea that in the wake of the Mario Balotelli misadventure, City might indeed regain a little more obvious purpose and professional authority, did surface briefly in the early going. It came with James Milner's aggressive work along the left and a perfectly placed cross for Edin Dzeko to open the scoring. That might have been a platform for renewal of a serious nature. At least for City it was agreeable to think so before Dzeko the hero went down and stayed down while plainly not seriously injured, and Liverpool swept – quite justifiably – to Sturridge's finely driven equaliser.
The goal was as legitimate as Liverpool's suggestion that they were indeed on their way. This made the pain for City, for all Aguero's efforts, all the more acute. They are down not just nine points but with the oppressive sense that they have rarely seemed quite so lost.


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How to Deglaze a Pan
If there's one sound that universally causes mouths to water, it's a sizzling pan, typically sizzling with some kind of delicious protein. And anybody who's cooked even a modicum of meat knows that the tastiest bits are the browned ones stuck to the pan. The best way to get those bits, as well as infuse a little sour or sweetness to balance the darker flavors, is to deglaze. But, as simple and classic a process as deglazing is, there's more to it than just pouring some acid into a pan.
Deglazing image via Shutterstock


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Bugbait (D20 Modern Equipment)
From D&D Wiki
Size | Tiny |
Critical | 20 |
Range Increment | 50ft |
Type | — |
Weapon | |
Purchase DC | 30 |
Restriction | — |
Damage | 1d2 |
Rate of Fire | S |
Magazine | — |
Weight | 1/2lbs |
Scope | — |
"Bugbait" is the nickname vortigaunts and resistance members use for the pheropods harvested from dead antlion guards and used to control antlions. Bugbait is highly valued in antlion infested areas and some resistance members on the coast travel considerable distances to reach the vortigaunt camp, where supplies of it can be obtained. Possessing pheropods prevents regular Antlions from attacking, as they are fooled by the scent into believing you are an aAntlion guard. However, other antlion guards are not fooled
More a biological tool than a 'weapon', a human in possession of pheropods can nonetheless use them to very deadly effect, as they can command regular antlions. They literally become the pheropod holder's private army.
By throwing an antlion pheropod at any solid target, it causes the pod to burst, spewing out antlion guard pheromones. These pheromones cause all local antlions to be attracted to this spot as though through a dominate monster spell. This affects all antlions within 100 feet of the source. Antlions, once reaching the source and finding that there is nothing there, will go into a rage which lasts 2 rounds and adds a temporary +2 to all attack and damage rolls.
One can also squeeze an antlion pheropod, alerting all antlions within a range of 30 feet. This will draw them to the holder, placing them under the holders control as though affected by a dominate monster spell.
It takes 2 rounds of scrubbing with a wet towel or a sponge to successfully remove the pheromones from any type of clothing. This does not apply to cotton, cloth, or any other porous fabric, from which the Bugbait residue will not come off of unless cleansed via magic.
Back to Main Page → d20 Modern → Equipment
Back to Main Page → D20 Modern → Campaign Settings → Half-Life → Equipment.


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"Meyer adds an eerie new twist to the mismatched, star-crossed lovers theme: predator falls for prey, human falls for vampire. This tension strips away any pretense readers may have about the everyday teen romance novel, and kissing, touching, and talking take on an entirely new meaning when one small mistake could be life-threatening...Realistic, subtle, succinct, and easy to follow, TWILIGHT will have readers dying to sink their teeth into it."Meyer, Stephenie is the author of 'Twilight', published 2005 under ISBN 9780316160179 and ISBN 0316160172.
[read more]


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Release Date: 2010 | Tracklist
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound OffBleck I hope Bitchfork enjoys this, if he doesn't then it's just going to make the hour or so of listening to the EP an even worse experience.
Lol. I still like the concept, if only because like, the point is to murder "music," and push it's sonic and conceptual boundaries. But yeah my Demo was sooo much better than this. It was also 3 minutes long. Enrique made me a mediafire folder for this: http://www.mediafire.com/?p18ye4hse2g53ep
last time someone tried to murder music we ended up with brokencyde
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound OffAt least you admit you've done better, rather then being all high and mighty, telling me that I'm an idiot for "not getting it"
Bitchfork 5'd his own work, the joke just got even more unfunny
At least you admit you've done better, rather then being all high and mighty, telling me that I'm an idiot for "not getting it"
well since i feel it neccesary to 5 all of enirque's dicog i suppose its only fair that you 5 your own
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound OffNah, Brokencyde just don't realize they're murdering music. They think they're doing it a favour.
pretty sure they realize that theyre whole act is a joke and they just embrace it. i mean have you seen the freaxxx music video?
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound OffI might give your demo a listen later Bitchfork. Right now I just really want to listen to plain old rock music, I don't know why, I just do.
Odd that you think the first track is the best, actually. Enrique and I discussed things and both agreed "Napolean" was our collective favorite.
3rd track is prety cool. maybe its because the 1st track was your first taste of the sound.
If it makes you feel better, Eclectic, I'm copyrighting an ambient EP soon, called Speaker Music, Volume Uno. Heavy on the harps and horns. I also have a noiz LP in the works, entitled Prolixity. It's less noisy and more structured than this.
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound Off
If it makes you feel better, Eclectic, I'm copyrighting an ambient EP soon, called Speaker Music, Volume Uno. Heavy on the harps and horns.
I have, but I also know kids that genuinely enjoy them because they think they're good musicians. It really wouldn't surprise me if Brokencyde think they're geniuses for pioneering crunkcore.
@Bitchfork: Those samples in the background are really what makes it stand out for me.
Do you mean the falling horns and whooshes?
I asked the Meds. Although I don't understand why Jom gets most of the credit for being a mod, I heard from Hanson that Dave's the one with all the power. Anyway, "Tumult" is so epic. lol.
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound OffEh, for me its always either Jom or Willie that approve features, just my experience. Ugh, Tumult, ugh
Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


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Monk for hire: I'm looking for contract work - drop me a /msg if you're looking for Perl work - CGI, DBI, general development, parsing, and system administration automation. I also work with a lot of peripheral web related technologies such as Javascript, AJAX, and XHTML.
Monks I've met:
Did I miss anyone? |
Monks I've talked to...or attended a YAPC party with,but they likely don't know me as a monk |
| ||
perlmonks.org status:
* It didn't actually take me that long. I did create an account in July of 2005, but I didn't get around to actually posting anything until January 3, 2006. ** This one took so long (relative to the other levels) that I thought I should make a note of it. I can't remember when I attained the other levels - they were derived by the date of the nodes I've posted where the cumulative XP would indicate the next level. As there are other ways to gain XP, this method isn't entirely accurate, but close enough for approximate hysterical raisins. *** Became 466th Saints in our Book.


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james workman
0 reviewer rep
1 forum posts
joined Sep 16, 2010
Full Name:
64-year-old male hiker
Dalton, GA, United States Minor Outlying Islands
64-year-old male hiker
Dalton, GA, United States Minor Outlying Islands
Gear Reviews
james workman hasn't written any gear reviews.
Forum Posts (1)
Cohutta Wilderness | September 16, 2010 |
I am an older lover of the outdoors, Love the Cohutta wilderness, and surrounding areas of north Ga. enjoy hiking camping cooking and like to combine the three on a regular basis! an in the wilderness yr round love winter hiking and camping!! so if you want toenjoy that area come join me and wife!! We are members of three hiking groups out of chattanooga and atlanta! and we have hikes and camping and backpacking yr round!! join us! Ga adventures, and outdoor adventures of south in Atlanta
Hiking Backpacking Mountaineering |
Mountain biking Fishing Camping (primitive) |
Height | 5'10' |
Weight | 210 |
Torso Length | 20 |
Boot/Shoe Size | 11 |
Jacket/Shirt Size | xl |
Pant Size | 36 |


text:
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) – A state agency and other groups are hosting a free conference in Albuquerque to help veterans and their families cope with post-traumatic stress disorder.
The Department of Veterans' Services said the event is Sept. 13 at the Crowne Plaza Hotel.
Part of the conference will focus on services and programs available for veterans with PTSD. A clinical psychologist will discuss therapies used by the federal Veterans Affairs health care system.
The state agency said a free lunch will be available for those who attend the conference, and $40 gift cards will be given to the first 50 veterans, National Guard, Reserve or active duty personnel registering in advance for the event.
Pre-registering can be done through the department at 505-841-5346 or by email at theresa.zunistate.nm.us
(Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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BestCigarPrices.com carries only the highest quality cigar humidors, cigar humidor accessories, travel humidors, humidifiers, crystals, and hygrometers. Cigar humidors are indispensable to any cigar lover as they provide the ideal environment for storing and aging cigars to make sure your smokes are always in optimal form for smoking. Many cigar connoisseurs even purchase travel humidors to bring their prized cigars with them on business trips, outings, meetings or vacation.
Getting started with cigar humidors is easy. All humidors should be seasoned before their first use. Just place a shallow container filled with distilled water in the humidor, place your calibrated hygrometer inside the humidor, charge your humidification device and place it inside the humidor. If you fill up your humidor without first seasoning the interior, you may ruin your cigars, so don't forget to follow these important steps. Be sure to check the relative humidity every day. When you get in the 70 range it is safe to store your cigars inside. As long as you constantly recharge your humidification device you will never have to wait to store your cigars again.
Check out our awesome selection of cigar humidors, travel humidors, cigar accessories, humidifiers, crystals, and hygrometers. Whatever kind of cigar humidor or accessory you're looking for, you'll find it here at the lowest price possible, guaranteed.
Is your favorite stogie out of stock? We'll let you know when we get them back in. Find out how.


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Mike Florio talks about the concerns with Super Bowl XLVIII being played in New Jersey, Titus Young wanting out of Detroit, and Arian Foster's Pro Bowl opinion.
This video is no longer available. Click here to watch more NBC Sports videos!PFT Live: Northern Super Bowl a good idea?
Posted by NBCSports.com on January 25, 2013, 7:22 PM EDT
1 Response to "PFT Live: Northern Super Bowl a good idea?"
tyler4richardson says: Jan 25, 2013 8:06 PM
Awesome idea. Who doesn't want to watch a Super Bowl take place in some freezing or snowy weather?


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With Instructables you can share what you make with the world, and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
Here you will learn how to make a traditional paper lantern from an A4 sheet of paper
If you have enjoyed this Instructable and would like more examples go to http://www.freewebstore.org/Make-Design-and-Publishing to get the full activity book 'Kirigami for Kids' Thanks!
How to Make a Halloween Paper Lanternby craftvideos
DIY Pokemon Go's Pokeball Paper Lanternby paperlanternstore
Miss La Sen festival lotus lanternby jourlele


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Web Code: QJG6ZR-16734
Home > Computer Credenza with Hutch
Brand: Bestar Office Furniture
View Collection: Embassy
Item No: 13416
$895 List: $1,364
If you need furniture with a small footprint but don't want to sacrifice features, this collection is the perfect solution. Plus, ready-to-assemble furniture means terrific savings.
Credenza has plenty of storage and work area in a small 66" wide footprint. Includes two file drawers, four storage drawers, and a keyboard tray with CPU platform. Hutch features four side-opening doors for private storage and a rubber wire management strip for easier computer wiring.
Assembly required
This item is a GSA Schedule Contract item. National Business Furniture's GSA contract number is: GS-27F-0024V.
For more information, please call one of our government specialists at 800-558-1010, or visit this page to learn about all our government contracts including Navy BPA, Air Force BPA, TXMAS and CMAS.
For a limited time, take an additional 10% Off the price of this item by entering promo code NBF10317 during checkout! Your discounted price will be reflected at checkout. Promotion valid for 10% off all qualifying products (excluding tax and shipping) using promo code NBF10317 only. Qualifying products will be marked with a 10% Off tag. Promo code cannot be used with any other promotions or discounts. Promo code applies to merchandise only. Enter promo code in shopping cart out to see discount before submitting order. Promo code valid March 1, 2017 to March 31, 2017 11:59 p.m. CST.


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Posted by anonymous
I highly recommend the Mlnarik firm. His staff was respectful and extraordinarily helpful. Every question/concern was addressed within reasonable time. I want to especially thank Angie Tong, Esq., for taking the time to explain in great detail the progress of bankruptcy.
Posted by Kathryn
It's hard to express my gratitude to the Mlnarik staff for my new start in life. From the first consultation to the discharge of my debt, the attorneys and staff were extraordinarily helpful with information and advice, and I deeply appreciate the respect with which I was treated. Their fees were reasonable. The lines of communication were always open and any question I had was answered almost immediately. I give the Mlnarik firm the highest possible recommendation.


text:
12 CFR 370.7 - Assessment for the Transaction Account Guarantee Program.
Beta! The text on the eCFR tab represents the unofficial eCFR text at ecfr.gov.
This section's status may have changed. It may have been renumbered, reserved, or removed.
Title 12 published on 2015-01-01
The following are ALL rules, proposed rules, and notices (chronologically) published in the Federal Register relating to 12 CFR Part 370 after this date.
GPO FDSys XML | Text type regulations.gov FR Doc. 2015-27294 RIN 3064-AE34 FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Final rule. Effective Date: The final rule is effective October 28, 2015. 12 CFR Parts 330 and 370 The FDIC is rescinding and removing its regulations implementing the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP) and the unlimited deposit insurance coverage for "noninterest-bearing transaction accounts" provided by section 343 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and related definitions. Because these programs have expired by their terms, the regulations implementing them are unnecessary and obsolete.


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It's My Birthday – Have A Present!
To celebrate another year of me, I have a new free read for you to enjoy – a little gift from me to you because you have all made this last year so very wonderful for me. Thank you!
Cover design by Insatiable Fantasy Designs
Mandy permalinkOctober 20, 2012 5:07 am
Many happy returns! Coincidentally, it was my birthday yesterday! Thank you so much for giving us this free read – I'm going to download it now & I look forward to reading it! Hope you have a great day!
October 20, 2012 11:30 am
Happy Birthday, Lisa! What a cool thing to do! Have a fabulous birthday weekend and a wonderful year!
Mandy permalinkOctober 24, 2012 7:46 am
Hi! Just dropped by to say how much I enjoyed your free read, "Her Special Knight"! Thanks for sharing it with us! 🙂


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Becoming rich by being thrifty. You would not believe how many ways there are to save money both in the online and offline world. Getting wealthy isn't about how much you make it's about how much you save and how smart you are with your money. Learn these money saving secrets on the 9malls.com.
Thursday, April 02, 2009
1 Year at 24 Hour Fitness $199
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