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Horizontal Stair Railing Ideas
How to make wooden horizontal railing for porch,
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Mt. Sinai in Cheyenne held an interfaith anti-hate and memorial event, Oct. 29, to commemorate the victims of the Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh, Dave Lerner, synagogue president, reported.
Hundreds of people from all walks of life and all religions came in, wanting to show their respect and stand with the Jews of Cheyenne, the US and the world.
Rabbi Larry Moldo, who organized the event, opened the service with a short prayer and a brief statement.
He then introduced members of the clergy: Episcopal, Presbyterian, Lutheran, Methodist, Catholic, Unitarian Universalist, Muslim and others.
More than a dozen preachers, pastors, reverends and religious leaders spoke of the pain of the loss of so many good people in Pittsburgh, and trying to ease that pain and offer hope for the future.
In his opening remarks, Rabbi Moldo said that G-d was not in the evil that took lives in Pittsburgh. G-d was in the response to the attack . . . from the first responders who rushed in to help the victims, to the synagogue in Cheyenne, where clergy from all faiths gathered together in a show of support and love.
Below are Rabbi Moldo's remark:
Bruchim HaBa'im.
Welcome to this interfaith anti-hate and memorial event.
I hope nobody minds if I say that I would be perfectly happy to never have another event like this again. We have plenty of other reasons to gather together, and we should make use of each one.
There are 13 candles lit below me. Each candle represents one of the lives, one of the worlds destroyed by hate within the past seven days. There are probably more, somewhere in the country, but these are the ones of which I know.
The Anti-Defamation League has indicated that the massacre in Pittsburgh this past Shabbat was the single largest death toll of Jews in America from an anti-Semitic act. We are here in solidarity with their suffering — yet we are not here only for them.
We are here because of the racially motivated murders in Kentucky last week. Had the murderer chosen another day to try to kill people in one of the local AME Churches, he might have caught people gathered in prayer and killed them, as has happened before. The church door was locked, so he went to a local store and killed two people whom he thought might have belonged to that church, based simply upon the color of their skin.
We are here because another person spray painted the outside of Trinity Episcopal Church in Lander, Wyoming with cruel anti-gay graffiti.
We are here because these people showed their denial of G-d when they demeaned the underlying reality that we are all created in G-d's image.
Approximately 10 days ago, many Jewish congregations in America commemorated Refugee Shabbat, a program sponsored by HIAS. Their motto used to be, "We help the immigrants because they are Jewish." Now their motto is, "We help the immigrants because we are Jewish." The Pittsburgh shooter did not like the concept of being nice to the stranger, so he decided to do something about it. He decided to kill the source of such a strange belief by killing the Jews who approved of the message.
When the congregation in Rhode Island wrote George Washington, they were hoping he would reply that America was different from Europe. Their letter to him was wishful thinking. His reply to them cemented the difference. He wrote:
"It is now no more that toleration is spoken of as if it were the indulgence of one class of people that another enjoyed the exercise of their inherent natural rights, for, happily, the Government of the United States, which gives to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance, requires only that they who live under its protection should demean themselves as good citizens in giving it on all occasions their effectual support."
Had this been another country in another century, something else might have also happened this past Shabbat. Any first responders who might have been sympathetic would have been told to enable the shooter. Not only that, but there would have been planned murders or destruction enabled by local governments across the entire country, so instead of 11 dead the total might have reached into the hundreds or thousands.
I am not so naïve as to think that there has not been anti-Semitism in America all along.
The difference is that in many other countries, anti-Semitism is backed, or at least approved of, by many who run the country.
However, this is America in the 21st century, so the first responders were among the wounded, as they attempted to protect Jews.
Perpetrators in these three incidents have been arrested or are being sought out.
This is America.
Mr. Rogers grew up in greater Pittsburgh. When he was young, so the story goes, he asked his mother where G-d was when evil things happened. She told him to look for the helpful responses — that is where G-d is.
This, today, and similar gatherings worldwide — this and these are where G-d is.


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My Radiance-Reiki session with Belinda was heavenly. In fact, after only a few minutes on her table, I felt like I was floating in heaven! Belinda is an extremely talented Radiance-Reiki practitioner and I recommend her to anyone seeking an experience of peace and bliss. After floating in heaven for an hour, I left feeling both relaxed and energized.
Created From Love to Love
March 11, 2014 - From Brenda T., Austin, TX:
I recently received a Radiance-Reiki attunement from Belinda Morris and remained "in a calmer state" for several days. Being a diabetic, my endocrinologist has encouraged me to find ways to go inside and calm myself through yoga, exercise etc. My body's response to my session with Belinda was that my glucose level dropped 60 points in an hour! That tells me that Radiance Reiki calms us at a cellular level and is an amazing healing experience.
March 31, 2014 - From Cindy, who had her first session with Belinda in 2003:
My experience with Belinda's Radiance-Reiki sessions have been incredibly satisfying. During sessions, I feel enveloped in comfort, calmness and deep relaxation. I find afterwards, I'm able to sleep more deeply and remain highly focused for weeks after the initial session. Belinda herself exudes a calm and loving warmth that enhances her healing abilities. She is very talented at channeling her energy and noticing areas that need attention. A great gift you can give your body and soul.
Copyright © Lovitations. All rights reserved.
Love for Meditations:
From Lily A., Austin, TX:
I always look forward to Belinda's "Lovitations"! She is truly expressing her heart and the effect is that you are gently guided and inspired to open yours and reconnect with your spirit. The feeling I have after one of her meditations is warm, loving, calm, centered and present. I so appreciate all the opportunities I've had to bask in this "whole heart/open heart" place and think it's wonderful that now, through her recordings, even more can be touched by Belinda's soothing presence.
May 5, 2015 - From the Lovitation/Meditation with Live Music at Kind Spirit Yoga Studio every Tuesday Night
"Amazing--Michael's and Belinda's music with the rain and thunder in the background. I silently wept at the beauty of it." - Ben
"Fabulous as ever...these guided meditation sessions are the perfect way to end a day....thank you!" - Misty


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At Layers of Love we are proud to provide fleece blankets to chemotherapy patients to provide them with comfort and warmth as they go through their treatments. This is our mission but it is also our passion. We have often said, as long as there are chemotherapy patients we will do our best to provide them with blankets. It is indeed our passion.
However our passion doesn't stop there. We are also very proud to support many different efforts from many other sources whether it be charitable organizations or individuals making a difference to help cancer patients both adults and children.
This weekend we are giving our support to a young man who is having a walk-a-thon fundraiser to benefit St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. According to Connor Beck the 16 year-old, who is organizing the walk-a-thon in the Palmerton Park, "The hospital provides free care to all of it's patients, and relies mainly on public donations. These children need our support, and the money we raise could help fund the breakthrough for new treatments. St. Jude's freely shares all of their research finds, so donating to them is donating to children everywhere."
We are proud to stand with, and support Connor Beck and all those who come out to walk this Saturday morning to benefit St. Jude's Research Hospital. If you would like to join Connor and all the participants please come out to the Palmerton Park on Saturday morning, September 29. The walk starts at 9:30, the walk will be around the beautiful boro park, participants are welcome to walk as long as they wish! So bring your friends and join the many others who will be walking to help the many children who need our support and the support of St. Jude's Research Hospital. We look forward to seeing you there!
If you would like to support Connor Beck and his efforts, but can't make it to the walk-a-thon Saturday morning you can still help the cause for St. Jude's by donating directly through his St. Jude's donation page. No donation is too small, so donate today!
Layers of Love would like to thank Connor for his efforts to benefit St. Jude's this weekend. He is making a big difference to many children-Thank you Connor!!


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Mayor publishes planning guidance
Mayor of London Sadiq Khan has published a draft supplementary planning guidance detailing how he intends to get more affordable homes built.
Local plan for Bromley submitted
The final stage of consultation on a document guiding development in Bromley over the next 15 years is under way, as the council prepares to submit it to the secretary of state for examination.
Speakers for Sitematch London announced
The first speakers have been announced for Sitematch London on 8 February 2017.
Interview: Scott Cardwell from Doncaster
Sitematch London is not just about regeneration in the capital. Scott Cardwell, assistant director for development at Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council, speaks about the decision to attend the event and what the council has to offer developers.
Sitematch community responds to Autumn Statement
Members of the Sitematch community reveal what stood out for them in the chancellor Philip Hammond's Autumn Statement.
MoD announces major sell-off
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has announced it will be disposing 91 sites by 2040, saving up to Ł3 billion in running costs.
Interview: Chris Twigg from Inner Circle Consulting
Sitematch caught up with Chris Twigg, director at Inner Circle Consulting, about his company and its role as Sitematch adviser.
Developers sought at Sitematch Bidders' Day
Small and medium-sized housebuilders were introduced to 10 Southwark Council-owned sites available for development during an event on 15 November.
Interview: Christopher Rhodes from Sutton Council
The Sitematch London team speaks to Christopher Rhodes, the new head of asset management at Sutton Council.
Interview: council chief executive Chris Naylor
Barking and Dagenham chief executive Chris Naylor tells BOLD about investment opportunities in Barking and Dagenham.


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TEMPS Services is an employment, placement, and safety agency that pioneers superior solutions for staffing, recruiting, and safety consulting.
We specialize in temporary employment, management placement, and safety consulting or training services for the following industries: construction, warehousing, distribution, manufacturing, and oil and gas.
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Certificate Of Recognition (COR) holder.
TEMPS Services has a wide range of safety training courses available. The training session can be provided in our training facility or one of our consultants can come to your location and provide the training on site.
See below for our Safety training courses and pricing.
Course Number: Course 7
Course Title: Fit Testing Certification
We offer on-site qualitative and/or quantitative mask-fit testing.
Qualitative Mask-Fit Testing is a pass/fail method determined by whether the participant can detect a bitter or sweet odour while wearing the mask and preforming movement actives similar to the workplace. This type of testing is performed on disposable or half-face masks.
Quantitative Mask-Fit Testing measures the leakage by testing the respirator masks "fit factor" on the participant. The measurement is made while the participant is preforming movement actives similar to the workplace to test the masks seal.
We follow standard the CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z94.4-02, Selection, Use, and Care of Respirator.
Submit your request to email@example.com with the Course Number and potential dates.
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text: Slacks and I get up early. This week. Ever since my sister informed me that we humans sleep in cycles of 90 minutes I have been more inclined to get up at the first offering, 6:30, instead of the next stop, 8. The house is full of sleeping women and so I gather the essentials and make my way down the creaky stairs, waking every one of them I'm sure. Currently I live in the hallway. The nook actually, bed-sized alcove on the second floor. It is poorly constructed but lets in great light. Someday I will replace the aluminum windows and build a day bed. For now I am thankful to have a place to sleep. I rented out my cabin to a woman named Ashley. I like her. I liked her over email but kept my enthusiasm in check because email personalities are not the same as real personalities. I know this because the gmail me is much nicer, sweet and full of exclamations. In person I am reserved and discerning. Ashley is a photographer and wears her mom's silken overalls in stripes of faded silver. She dons a brimmed hat and her hair is cut short on the back and the sides. Within five minutes I asked her to live here. In a permanent way or as permanent as life can be when it is filled with self-induced change. I used to think I didn't like change. I used to think that I craved stability, a home, a partner, a dog. And I do, but that's not all. I crave routine- but the kind that changes from week to week. Right now I wake early and stroke a cat and sit and write in the chair with my coffee. Today I will work in the studio where Filly and my new line have all of my attention. Last week I was in Santa Cruz tending to relationships and creating a physical space for me and my community. Next week... perhaps turning the soil and planting Oriental Poppies for Spring. Teaching, sculpting, designing, building, selling Zinnias by the stem. This is not a messy life, it is an orderly rotation. Not a roulette wheel, where I bounce, small and scared, from one thing to another. More like a hand-held slide projector. When a slide falls into place, it's all I can see. And I stare and admire it with all my might. When the frame changes it is because I pulled the lever. And on I move.


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Global Crowdfunding Market Size, Status and Forecast 2019-2025
The Crowdfunding market report is a most important research for who looks for complete information on the Crowdfunding market. The report covers all information on the global and regional markets including historic and future trends for market demand, size, trading, supply, competitors, and prices as well as global predominant vendor's information. The forecast market information, SWOT analysis, Crowdfunding market scenario, and feasibility study are the vital aspects analyzed in this report.
The global Crowdfunding market is valued at 10.2 billion USD in 2018 and is expected to reach 28.8 billion USD by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of 16% between 2018 and 2025.
Get Free Sample Copy of this Report:
Top Leading Companies of Global Crowdfunding Market are Kickstarter, Indiegogo, GoFundMe, Fundable, Crowdcube, GoGetFunding, Patreon, Crowdfunder, CircleUp, AngelList, RocketHub, DonorsChoose, Crowdfunder UK, FundRazr, Companisto, Campfire, Milaap, Crowdo, CrowdPlus, Modian, DemoHour, Alibaba, Jingdong, Suning and others.
The leading players of Crowdfunding industry, their market share, product portfolio, company profiles are covered in this report. The leading market players are analyzed on the basis of production volume, gross margin, market value, and price structure. The competitive market scenario among Crowdfunding players will help the industry aspirants in planning their strategies. The statistics offered in this report will be precise and useful guide to shape the business growth.
Global Crowdfunding Market Split by Product Type and Applications:
This report segments the global Crowdfunding market on the basis of Types are:
Reward-based Crowdfunding
Equity Crowdfunding
Donation and Other
On the basis of Application, the Global Crowdfunding market is segmented into:
Cultural Industries
Regional Analysis for Crowdfunding Market:
For comprehensive understanding of market dynamics, the global Crowdfunding market is analyzed across key geographies namely United States, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, India, Rest of World. Each of these regions is analyzed on basis of market findings across major countries in these regions for a macro-level understanding of the market.
Explore Full Report With Detailed TOC Here:
Crucial Elements from the Table of Contents of Global Crowdfunding Market:
– Crowdfunding Market Overview
– Global Crowdfunding Market Competition, Profiles/Analysis, Strategies
– Global Crowdfunding Capacity, Production, Revenue (Value) by Region (2014-2019)
– Global Crowdfunding Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Region (2014-2019)
– Global Crowdfunding Market Regional Highlights
– Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers
– Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders
– Market Effect Factors Analysis
– Market Decisions with respect to present scenario
– Global Crowdfunding Market Forecast (2019-2025)
– Case Studies
– Research Findings and Conclusion
The research includes historic data from 2014 to 2019 and forecasts until 2025 which makes the report an invaluable resource for industry executives, marketing, sales and product managers, consultants, analysts and stakeholders looking for key industry data in readily accessible documents with clearly presented tables and graphs.
Finally, Crowdfunding Market report is the believable source for gaining the market research that will exponentially accelerate your business. The report gives the principle locale, economic situations with the item value, benefit, limit, generation, supply, request and market development rate and figure and so on. Crowdfunding industry report additionally Present new task SWOT examination, speculation attainability investigation, and venture return investigation.
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MarketInsightsReports provides syndicated market research on industry verticals including Healthcare, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Technology and Media, Chemicals, Materials, Energy, Heavy Industry, etc. MarketInsightsReports provides global and regional market intelligence coverage, a 360-degree market view which includes statistical forecasts, competitive landscape, detailed segmentation, key trends, and strategic recommendations.
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Steven Seiden | President & CEO
Fluid Audio President and CEO Steven Seiden has been a leader in the in-store media industry for over 35 years. He is well known among his peers for his innovative ideas and ability to bring success to any endeavor. His vast knowledge, industry connections and relentless commitment to customer service give Fluid Audio clients the edge they need to grow a successful business.
Steven began his career working on the technical side of the business. Quickly realizing he had a passion for the industry, he went on to work for Jarvis Sound, where he eventually rose to the role of Vice President. After being with Jarvis Sound for 5 years, Muzak Corporation offered Steven the newly created position of Muzak National Sales Manager, from there he was promoted to General Manger of Muzak's Southern Connecticut operations. A few years later, Independence Communications purchased Jarvis Sound and wanted Steven to oversee it's Virginia operations. As Steven continued to take on more challenging roles, during his first five years with ICI, he was able to double ICI's recurring base. Over the next 20 years, he served as Vice President of Southern Operations and then as President and CEO. During this tenure, ICI maintained a continuous positive organic growth trajectory . Under Steven's watchful eye and daily care of its client base, ICI added to its organic growth through six meaningful and profitable acquisitions. Under Stevens leadership, ICI became the largest Muzak Independent Affiliate (franchise) in North America.
In 2012 when the ownership of (ICI) Independence Communications, Inc., decided to sell the business to Muzak-Mood corporation, Steven stayed with Mood as it's Vice President of Affiliate Relations. Steven knew his mission and talents in life was building businesses and providing top level priority customer service. So Steven left Mood and in 2013 founded Fluid Audio Communications, Inc. Headquartered in Philadelphia, PA, Fluid Audio serves customers in a wide range of industries - from restaurants to retail outlets - and on a national level as well. Steven's mission is to offer clients dynamic, innovative and unique in-store media solutions along with exceptional customer service. Along with his handpicked team of ICI industry veterans, Steven offers clients support throughout the design and installation process and beyond.
Steven has a deep value and respect for community and family values. He views his role in the industry not just as a job, but as a leader. From 2006 to 2010, Steven served as president of the IMPA - the International Planned Music Association.The IMPA is a trade organization made up of providers of independently owned business music services and key vendors to the industry. His in depth understanding of the in-store media business gives him the insight to make informed decisions regarding industry trends, technology and services.
Our Staff
All of Fluid audio's employees have years of A/V experience. They are highly trained and qualified to meet all of the needs of our clients.


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The evening will start with wine and mingling at 6:00PM. The panel discussion promptly at 6:30pm. 8:00 PM we will be networking, socializing, and Cierra Thurmans book will be available for purchase.
Panelist include:
- Maria Wills
- Shawnesa Whitehead
- Rebecca Pope
- Kerry Pope
- Qiana Brown
- Yusef Chapman
- Jay Thomas
- Aniesha Womack


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Watch | Now bring home a polar bear!
Jan 07, 2017 17:10 IST
about the video
You can now buy real looking polar bears for your home decor. Animal art models are now available in Tokyo in Japan. They look absolutely real and probably that's the closest you could get to a polar bear!
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Prog 911 28/10/94
The fully painted artwork by Kevin Walker is undoubtedly stunning even though some of the pages look a little murky thanks to reproduction limitations I imagine. What stops me falling in love with the art is the way the characters are interpreted as looking like muscle bound clods. It's almost as if Walker is caricaturing Simon Bisley's earlier designs for the cast, if it's possible to do such a thing.
Writers Pat Mills and Tony Skinner provide some fun one liners but the truth is I feel as if I've read it all before. Every new ABC Warriors saga seems to start with the (re)assembling of the team and unfolds with a tedious revelation from Deadlock that Magik (with a 'K') requiring the tormenting of Hammerstein and the torturing of teachers en masse. Since their return as support in Nemesis the Warlock, ABC Warriors stories feel under utilised and have lacked the vitality of the original run which is a shame because the cast is great… Except for Morrigan.
Labels: ABC Warriors, Deadlock, Hammerstein, Hellbringer, Kevin Walker, Nemesis the Warlock, Pat Mills, Ro-Jaws, Simon Bisley, Tony Skinner


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Now that summer is officially here (yay!) it's time to get serious about our reading lists for the next few months. There is a certain feeling to summer which makes it seem appropriate from any type of read, and I find it best for going from one genre to the next. One summer I decided to read the entire series of Harry Potter, and while I was happy to finally get through the entire series, it took an enormous amount of time (4,100 pages! I'd read it again though). So, this list is composed of a variety of reads, all of which I've read sometime in the last 5 or so years, and every one of which I highly recommend. Bonus! None of these are new releases, so they're all reasonably priced (I've been waiting for Gone Girl to go on sale forever!).
The Firm, John Grisham
The Firm is the first John Grisham book I read and it remains my favorite. He always writes about crime/scandals... the type of book that leads you guessing what will happen until the end, and always throws a few wrenches along the way. I read this before I even realized there was a movie (and now apparently a TV show), and I'm glad I did because I much preferred the book (don't we always?) even though the movie starred Tom Cruise and I am a fan of him.
Animal Farm, George Orwell
Animal Farm is one of those classic books, it will always apply to society and will forever impart its timeless lessons. Told through a story of animals on a farm, of which several of them come to power, and what it means for the other animals who are mere cogs in the wheel. I read this about 5 years ago and I still think about it all the time. Short but very powerful.
The Sunday List of Dreams, Kris Radish
The Sunday List of Dreams is a much more light-hearted read than the two above, and probably meant for someone who is middle-age/mid-life crisis era (what does that mean anyway... I don't believe in age) vs myself as a 20-something. It's the story of a woman who is always creating lists for her life (something I always do), and how she discovers herself through finding out about her daughters secret sex shop in NYC. It's a good read about family and finding yourself. I'm certain my Mom and sister read this one as well.
The Richest Man in Babylon, George S. Clason
The Richest Man in Babylon is a book about money, and it is the one book on my bookshelf I can see myself reading over and over. Told over the course of 7 or 8 chapters, I find this book is best read by reading one chapter a night, and taking the time to digest each lesson after reading. It's kind of like the adult version of a fable. You will get a lot out of it and will likely rethink how you handle your money and how you want to grow your wealth.
Plain Truth, Jodi Picoult
I know Jodi Picoult is a huge deal. Every time she does an author reading in my area, people show up in hoards, however this is the only book I've read of hers. I'm not sure why, because it is excellent. (Other Jodi Picoult book recommendations, anyone?). Plain Truth takes place in Amish country, surrounding the mysterious appearance of a newborn who was found dead, and the young girl who is believed to be the mother, and person responsible. Really well-written, and definitely a book you will recommend to fellow bookworms.
The Dead Don't Dance, Charles Martin
Interestingly, I read The Dead Don't Dance around the same time as the above, and it also involves a baby. I remember it as being haunting and mysterious, two things I like in a book. I recommended it to my sister, and she barreled quickly through reading it as well.
Still Life With Woodpecker, Tom Robbins
Tom Robbins is one of my favorite authors of all time. Still Life With Woodpecker is the first book of his I read, and I think I'm due another reading this summer. His writing is quirky and strange, I associate it with being a woman, connecting with the moon, the feelings of childhood and adulthood, love, finding yourself, and feeling like another version of a human.
Naked, David Sedaris
If you haven't read anything by David Sedaris, you are really missing out. He possesses a great wit and talent for retelling stories, comes across as charming and will definitely make you want to be friends with him. Naked is a series of essays and is the perfect summer read. If you want to try before you buy, check out this article he wrote for The New Yorker recently.
The Hunger Games, Suzanne Collins
Obviously you know about The Hunger Games, but have you read the books? I made a point to read the trilogy before seeing the first movie in theaters last year, and I'm glad I did. There was so much missing from the story! Gah - I hate that. The Hunger Games sort of feels like a futuristic Animal Farm now that I think of it. Many lessons to be learned. (For the record, I liked the movie too, and I'm looking forward to the next two). Also, this book is on sale for $2.45 right now! (say what?!)
Bossypants, Tina Fey
Finally, for some good laughs care of our favorite high-profile bitch, read Bossypants. Tina is so relatable in a way that others who've made it big are not. She recounts stories of growing up, and all the awkward, funny in retrospect moments that go along with it. Bossypants is Liz Lemon in book form. (Don't you relate to her weirdness? I do.)
What are your favorite summer reads? I'm always on the hunt for the next book to add to my stack!
photo of girl reading in a meadow via sxc.hu


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When Kim Campbell was running for re-election as Canada's Prime Minister in 1993, she was mocked for her observation that "campaigns are not the time to discuss important issues." One wonders what she would think if she has been paying any attention to the Ontario Election. Let's face it, election campaigns have always been more about the spectacle than substance, but this campaign is so cliché ridden, so devoid of content as to be insulting. None of the three leaders have thus far demonstrated anything approaching intelligent discussion of issues; relying instead on a couple of staged events each day consisting of a photo op showing the leader standing in front of a group of "supporters" who often as not look like they are making a hostage tape. Do we need to ever again see photos of leaders wearing hard hats and safety glasses, riding on tractors or "helping out" in a food processing plant?
It's not much better when you visit the party websites. You would think with the almost limitless possibilities of the Internet that a serious voter might be able to access in-depth policy papers and the like, maybe even find the detailed economic assumptions supporting the various promises and positions (assuming they exist). Good luck. Most egregious is the governing Liberal site, the home page of which consists of an enormous picture of Kathleen Wynne.You'd think after 11 years in office they would have a better handle on issues than their opponents, but if so, it's not in evidence on the party website. By clicking deeply into the links you finally get to see the economic assumptions that support the Liberal promise to eliminate the deficit by 2017-18. The assumptions, by the way– government spending in 2018 will be the same as today and that revenues will be up an average of 4 and a half percent per year. This will be achieved without cuts to the public service, without an increase in corporate taxes, or personal taxes except for a few rich people. Sure. It's a little better with the PC website. At least there one can find an easy link to a number of policy white papers. Unfortunately there is also the Million Dollar Jobs plan which has been derided by economists for math errors. Here's the thing. We had better create a million jobs over the next 8 years, because our population is going to grow by more than that amount. The real question is whether government will have anything to do with the creation of those jobs, and the track record on that score is not good. The NDP website declares "Andrea Horwath Makes Sense". In the first year of her plan she will save $2.5 Billion by stopping corporate tax giveaways—and since the corporate tax division only collects taxes, it is a euphemism for raising corporate tax rates. Maybe that will work, but it is risky at a time when economists predict the Ontario economy will be sluggish for the next 20 years. It's not a great time to be attacking the people who create jobs.
At a time when there are so many outlets for communication, and accessibility to information has never been easier, we have just endured the most dumbed-down campaign in the province's history. There was more integrity in the political campaigns of the post-confederation years when voters were bribed with whiskey and hard cash. At least then the voter was clear on why he (and in those days it was he only) was voting. Now the voter is bombarded from all sides with promises that clearly cannot be kept, delivered by leaders who know it.
The only way this unhealthy trend can be reversed is for a leader or a party to show the requisite fortitude to refuse to play the game. Ask most voters what they want in a government and they would probably say,' just give me a government that has some semblance of competence who won't screw things up too much and maybe will tell the truth once in a while about the hard issues.' That is a pretty modest request but in these days of sharply diminished expectations, it would be a huge step forward. Advice to voters in the Bay Area? Forget about parties completely. Vote for the person who you think is best human being.


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Double Occupancy: $648 per person
Single Occupancy: $798 per person
Duration: Three Days
Minimum No. of Travelers: 4
Difficulty: Easy
Season: April-September
The sanctuary at Verónica Mountain is an unforgettable journey that purifies your physical body by revitalizing the harmony of your aura and recovering levels of creative capacity and your inner peace.
The journey is synchronized with an ancient Inca ritual that commemorates the advent of the spring equinox, very conducive to the process of purification, fertility and prosperity. For this we have organized a divine experience that incorporates Pachamama (Mother Nature), the great APU (mountain spirit), and master shamans from the Qeros community.
DAY 1: Cusco to Veronica Mountain Sanctuary in the Sacred Valley
We pick you up from your hotel at 8 AM to head to the sanctuary at Verónica Mountain. The drive takes approximately 3 hours, and you arrive at the sanctuary and have lunch. After lunch, you visit the forests to enjoy the beauty of the place and harmonize with the forces of mother nature. Then, you make an offering of gratitude and respect to the Pachamama.Overnight in hostel, double room or campsite Meals provided: Lunch, Dinner
DAY 2: Tunkipata Falls
After breakfast at 9 AM, you proceed to the sacred river to begin the cleaning process through a purification ritual performed by the Master Chaman. For lunch you return to the basecamp. After, you visit the Tunquipata Falls (Temple of the 7 Levels).Overnight in hostel, double room or campsite Meals provided: Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner
Day 3: Sun Ritual
After another breakfast at 9 AM, the Master Chaman performs a flowering ritual for which the most beautiful and delicate flowers with a high healing power from the sanctuary have been selected. After lunch, you prepare for your return journey to Cusco.Meals provided: Breakfast, Lunch
The Sanctuary of Verónica Mountain is a private conservation area recognized by the Peruvian government. It is located around 10,000 ft., and right between Ollantaytambo and Machu Picchu at the foot of Verónica Mountain (or Wakaywillka in Quechua).
To reach the base camp you must walk 1 mile. The trail is easy and safe. You day trip during your stay involves rocky, elevated paths, but it is not dangerous.
For lodging you have the option of a double room or campsite.
We need at least 4 people to organize this trip, but we can also organize the tour under other conditions and alternatives.
The meals we provide:
|Boxed Lunch / Lunch
- Bilingual Guide (Spanish - English) throughout the trip
- Entrance fees to all sites shown in the itinerary.
- All excursions as shown in the itinerary
- All transportation as shown in the itinerary including private buses and regular trains
- 5 nights lodging in hotel in a double or single room with private bathroom
- Flights to and from Cusco
- Hotel in Cusco
- Other entrances not described on our itinerary
- Any other accommodation before or after the tour
- Alcoholic drinks
- Medical or Life Insurance
- Other Expenses
- Any other expense due to delays because of natural causes, landslides, political strikes, etc.
- A 60 litre Duffel sac
- Small daypack
- Walking shoes or boots
- Trekking boots or poles
- Rain jacket & pants
- Long sleeved shirts (cotton/breathable fabric, not too thin)
- Sun hat/Sunglasses/Sunscreen
- Mosquito repellent
- Personal items & medication
- Torch, binoculars
- Personal documents (Passport Mandatory to present at control gates)


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Satire or Evasion?: Black Perspectives on Huckleberry Finn
NOOK Book(eBook)
Available on Compatible NOOK Devices and the free NOOK Apps.
Ranging from the laudatory to the openly hostile, these essays include personal impressions of Huckleberry Finn, descriptions of classroom experience with the book, evaluations of its ironic and allegorical aspects, explorations of its nineteenth-century context, and appraisal of its effects on twentieth-century African American writers. Among the issues the authors contend with are Twain's pervasive use of the word "nigger," his portrayal of the slave Jim according to the conventions of the minstrel show "darky," and the thematic chaos created by the "evasion" depicted in the novel's final chapters.
Sure to provoke thought and stir debate, Satire or Evasion? provides a variety of new perspectives on one of this country's most troubling classics.
Contributors. Richard K. Barksdale, Bernard W. Bell, Mary Kemp Davis, Peaches M. Henry, Betty Harris Jones, Rhett S. Jones, Julius Lester, Donnarae MacCann, Charles H. Nichols, Charles H. Nilon, Arnold Rampersad, David L. Smith, Carmen Dubryan, John H. Wallace, Kenny Jackson Williams, Fredrick Woodard
Product Details
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About the Author
James S. Leonard is Professor of English at The Citadel.
Thadious M. Davis is Geraldine R. Segal Professor of American Social Thought and Professor of English at the University of Pennsylvania.
Read an Excerpt
Satire or Evasion?
Black Perspectives on Huckleberry Finn
By James S. Leonard, Thomas A. Tenney, Thadious M. Davis
Duke University PressCopyright © 1992 Duke University Press
All rights reserved.
Huck Finn and the Authorities
In most years since Adventures of Huckleberry Finn appeared in America in 1885, it has been banned somewhere, for some reason. At first the charge was vulgarity, as when the Concord Public Library rejected the book for being "rough, coarse, and inelegant ... more suited to the slums than to intelligent, respectable people." Today we might see the disparaging reference to "the slums" as being itself "rough" and "coarse" in its implications; we might even suspect that one unspoken objection to Huck Finn has been a racist, or at least elitist, dislike of the company he kept. Few readers would now condemn the book as objectionably low or coarse, but the problem of racism is not so easily dismissed. Twain's novel can be treated as a period piece, its language roughly true to a time when most blacks were slaves and insulting epithets were among their lesser problems; but that language remains painfully divisive for black and white Americans. Black parents naturally want to spare their children the discrimination and gratuitous insults that are too much a part of the history of black Americans. It may also be inevitable, and not altogether inappropriate, that resentments having less to do with the book than with the experience of growing up black in America should be incorporated into protests against Huckleberry Finn.
John H. Wallace's essay, "The Case against Huck Finn," sets the tone for objections to the novel and is of historical as well as critical significance. Wallace has figured prominently in battles to getHuckleberry Finn out of the schools; his essay returns to the stand he has taken elsewhere, in print and in public appearances: Huckleberry Finn says that black people steal, that they are not as intelligent as white people, that they are not human. Wallace's analyses of various episodes differ noticeably from most critical evaluations, including those of other contributors to this volume, by emphasizing the literal content of passages without recourse to the irony usually seen as crucial to Twain's intention. Wallace's discussion of Jim's desire to steal his wife and children out of slavery ("give a nigger an inch and he'll take an ell") can be compared with Betty Jones's remarks on the same passage; his conclusion that Twain "insinuates that black people are less intelligent than whites" when Tom says that "Jim's a nigger and wouldn't understand the reasons for" sawing off his hand or foot (chap. 35) can be compared with David Smith's account of Jim's shrewdness in various encounters with Tom and Huck; and his reference to the "killed a nigger" episode (chap. 32) as an instance in which "Huckleberry Finn suggests that blacks are not human beings" can be compared with analyses of the passage by Smith, Peaches Henry, and Charles Nichols, as well as with Harold Beaver's remark that "he [Huck] coolly evoked her [Aunt Sally's] bigotry. If that could be taught in American schools, then neither Jim (for all his limitations) nor Twain (for his) would be such a stumbling block. For Huckleberry Finn, at heart, is a profoundly anti-racist book."
Wallace's essay ends with a promotion for his own adapted version of Huckleberry Finn, one of many sanitized versions which over the years have been prepared for use in schools. But critics who see Twain's novel as effectively attacking racial bigotry argue that softening the language undermines the irony that forces and reinforces that attack. Roger Sutton, commenting on Wallace's adaptation, maintains that Wallace "has taken Huckleberry Finn, a book containing some strong anti-racist sentiment, and turned it into a very different book, one that is 'racist by omission' (to borrow a phrase from the Council on Interracial Books for Children).... With Wallace's removal of 'nigger,' and his softening of white bigotry in Twain's book, readers can conclude that life wasn't so bad for blacks in the South. Indeed, they can conclude that blacks scarcely existed. By simply referring to them as 'slaves,' readers can forget why they were enslaved to begin with." But Wallace's central question lingers: is the unexpurgated text too inflammatory in an ordinary classroom situation?
Peaches Henry's essay, "The Struggle for Tolerance: Race and Censorship in Huckleberry Finn," adds the perspectives of professional educational research on Huckleberry Finn and her own classroom experience with the problem of racist language in literary texts. Her survey of studies on teaching the novel is thorough and current. She has much to say to those who would brush aside the complaints of black parents, but she also offers evidence of the potential of Huck and Jim as a much-needed model of friendship. While Wallace recommends that, in addition to Huckleberry Finn, the novel To Kill a Mockingbird be "listed as racist and excluded from the classroom" (Wallace's emphasis), Henry discusses how she has dealt with Mockingbird in mixed classes, worked through initial discomfort over such terms as "nigger-lover," and made the reading a beneficially stimulating experience for her students. She maintains that the same can be done for Twain's novel with imaginative and sensitive teaching.
Reviewing arguments for and against Huckleberry Finn, Richard K. Barksdale ("History, Slavery, and Thematic Irony in Huckleberry Finn") proposes that many of the attacks on the book stem from feelings of guilt (among both blacks and whites) over continuing racial divisions in our society and from a consequent desire to simply forget America's scandalous racial history. Barksdale emphasizes the human bonding between Jim and Huck rather than racial division, and he finds Twain's own prejudice more antisocial than antiblack (in this agreeing with Julius Lester's essay in this volume). Unlike Wallace, he calls attention to the novel's ironic content, but also concedes the difficulty of sorting through irony's "deliberate misstatements." Barksdale believes that a clear view of Huckleberry Finn 's racial ironies may be overly difficult because American experience, still too much enmeshed in problems of race, undercuts aesthetic distance.
James S. Leonard and Thomas A. TenneyCHAPTER 2
The Case Against Huck Finn
John H. Wallace
The Issue
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is the most grotesque example of racist trash ever written. During the 1981–82 school year, the media carried reports that it was challenged in Davenport, Iowa; Houston, Texas; Bucks County, Pennsylvania; and, of all places, Mark Twain Intermediate School in Fairfax County, Virginia. Parents in Waukegan, Illinois, in 1983 and in Springfield, Illinois, in 1984 asked that the book be removed from the classroom—and there are many challenges to this book that go unnoticed by the press. All of these are coming from black parents and teachers after complaints from their children or students, and frequently they are supported by white teachers, as in the case of Mark Twain Intermediate School.
For the past forty years, black families have trekked to schools in numerous districts throughout the country to say, "This book is not good for our children," only to be turned away by insensitive and often unwittingly racist teachers and administrators who respond, "This book is a classic." Classic or not, it should not be allowed to continue to cause our children embarrassment about their heritage.
Louisa May Alcott, the Concord Public Library, and others condemned the book as trash when it was published in 1885. The NAACP and the National Urban League successfully collaborated to haveHuckleberry Finn removed from the classrooms of the public schools of New York City in 1957 because it uses the term "nigger." In 1969 Miami-Dade Junior College removed the book from its classrooms because the administration believed that the book creates an emotional block for black students which inhibits learning. It was excluded from the classrooms of the New Trier High School in Winnetka, Illinois, and removed from the required reading list in the state of Illinois in 1976.
My own research indicates that the assignment and reading aloud of Huckleberry Finn in our classrooms is humiliating and insulting to black students. It contributes to their feelings of low self-esteem and to the white students' disrespect for black people. It constitutes mental cruelty, harassment, and outright racial intimidation to force black students to sit in the classroom with their white peers and read Huckleberry Finn. The attitudes developed by the reading of such literature can lead to tensions, discontent, and even fighting. If this book is removed from the required reading lists of our schools, there should be improved student-to-student, student-to-teacher, and teacher-to-teacher relationships.
According to Webster's Dictionary, the word "nigger" means a Negro or a member of any dark-skinned race of people and is offensive. Black people have never accepted "nigger" as a proper term—not in George Washington's time, Mark Twain's time, or William Faulkner's time. A few white authors, thriving on making blacks objects of ridicule and scorn by having blacks use this word as they, the white authors, were writing and speaking for blacks in a dialect they perceived to be peculiar to black people, may have given the impression that blacks accepted the term. Nothing could be further from the truth.
Some black authors have used "nigger," but not in literature to be consumed by children in the classroom. Black authors know as well as whites that there is money to be made selling books that ridicule black people. As a matter of fact, the white child learns early in life that his or her black peer makes a good butt for a joke. Much of what goes on in the classroom reinforces this behavior. Often the last word uttered before a fight is "nigger." Educators must discourage the ridicule of "different" children.
In the Classroom
Russell Baker, of the New Tork Times (14 April 1982), has said (and Jonathan Yardley, of the Washington Post [10 May 1982], concurred),
Kids are often exposed to books long before they are ready for them or exposed to them in a manner that seems almost calculated to evaporate whatever enthusiasm the students may bring to them.... Very few youngsters of high school age are ready for Huckleberry Finn. Leaving aside its subtle depiction of racial attitudes and its complex view of American society, the book is written in a language that will seem baroque, obscure and antiquated to many young people today. The vastly sunnier Tom Sawyer is a book for kids, but Huckleberry Finn most emphatically is not.
The milieu of the classroom is highly charged with emotions. There are twenty to thirty unique personalities with hundreds of needs to be met simultaneously. Each student wants to be accepted and to be like the white, middle-class child whom he perceives to be favored by the teacher. Since students do not want their differences highlighted, it is best to accentuate their similarities; but the reading of Huck Finn in class accentuates the one difference that is always apparent—color.
My research suggests that the black child is offended by the use of the word "nigger" anywhere, no matter what rationale the teacher may use to justify it. If the teacher permits its use, the black child tends to reject the teacher because the student is confident that the teacher is prejudiced. Communications are effectively severed, thwarting the child's education. Pejorative terms should not be granted any legitimacy by their use in the classroom under the guise of teaching books of great literary merit, nor for any other reason.
Equal Protection and Opportunity in the Classroom
To paraphrase Irwin Katz, the use of the word "nigger" by a prestigious adult like a teacher poses a strong social threat to the black child. Any expression by a white or black teacher of dislike or devaluation, whether through harsh, indifferent, or patronizing behavior, would tend to have an unfavorable effect on the performance of black children in their school work. This is so because various psychological theories suggest that the black students' covert reactions to the social threat would constitute an important source of intellectual impairment.
Dorothy Gilliam, writing in the Washington Post of 12 April 1982, said, "First Amendment rights are crucial to a healthy society. No less crucial is the Fourteenth Amendment and its guarantee of equal protection under the law." The use of the word "nigger" in the classroom does not provide black students with equal protection and is in violation of their constitutional rights. Without equal protection, they have neither equal access nor equal opportunity for an education.
One group of citizens deeply committed to effecting change and to retaining certain religious beliefs sacred to themselves are members of the Jewish religion. In a publication issued by the Jewish Community Council (November 1981), the following guidelines were enunciated regarding the role of religious practices in public schools: "In no event should any student, teacher, or public school staff member feel that his or her own beliefs or practices are being questioned, infringed upon, or compromised by programs taking place in or sponsored by the public school." Further, "schools should avoid practices which operate to single out and isolate 'different' pupils and thereby [cause] embarrassment."
I endorse these statements without reservation, for I believe the rationale of the Jewish Community Council is consistent with my position. I find it incongruent to contend that it is fitting and proper to shelter children from isolation, embarrassment, and ridicule due to their religious beliefs and then deny the same protection to other children because of the color of their skin. The basic issue is the same. It is our purpose to spare children from scorn, to increase personal pride, and to foster the American belief of acceptance on merit, not color, sex, religion, or origin.
The Teacher
Many "authorities" say Huckleberry Finn can be used in our intermediate and high school classrooms. They consistently put stipulations on its use like the following: It must be used with appropriate planning. It is the responsibility of the teacher to assist students in the understanding of the historical setting of the novel, the characters being depicted, the social context, including prejudice, which existed at the time depicted in the book. Balanced judgment on the part of the classroom teacher must be used prior to making a decision to utilize this book in an intermediate or high school program. Such judgment would include taking into account the age and maturity of the students, their ability to comprehend abstract concepts, and the methodology of presentation.
Any material that requires such conditions could be dangerous racist propaganda in the hands of even our best teachers. And "some, not all, teachers are hostile, racist, vindictive, inept, or even neurotic," though "many are compassionate and skillful." Teacher attitudes are important to students. Some teachers are marginal at best, yet many school administrators are willing to trust them with a book that maligns blacks. Huckleberry Finn would have been out of the classroom ages ago if it used "dago," "wop," or "spic."
When "authorities" mention the "historical setting" of Huckleberry Finn, they suggest that it is an accurate, factual portrayal of the way things were in slavery days. In fact, the book is the outgrowth of Mark Twain's memory and imagination, written twenty years after the end of slavery. Of the two main characters depicted, one is a thief, a liar, a sacrilegious corn-cob-pipe-smoking truant; the other is a self-deprecating slave. No one would want his children to emulate this pair. Yet some "authorities" speak of Huck as a boyhood hero. Twain warns us in the beginning of Huckleberry Finn, "Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; persons attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot in it will be shot." I think we ought to listen to Twain and stop feeding this trash to our children. It does absolutely nothing to enhance racial harmony. The prejudice that existed then is still very much apparent today. Racism against blacks is deeply rooted in the American culture and is continually reinforced by the schools, by concern for socioeconomic gain, and by the vicarious ego enhancement it brings to those who manifest it.
Excerpted from Satire or Evasion? by James S. Leonard, Thomas A. Tenney, Thadious M. Davis. Copyright © 1992 Duke University Press. Excerpted by permission of Duke University Press.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Excerpts are provided by Dial-A-Book Inc. solely for the personal use of visitors to this web site.
Table of ContentsContents
Introduction: The Controversy over Huckleberry Finn
Huck Finn and the Authorities
The Case Against Huck Finn
The Struggle for Tolerance: Race and Censorship in Huckleberry Finn
History, Slavery, and Thematic Irony in Huckleberry Finn
Jim and Huck in the Nineteenth Century
The Ending of Huckleberry Finn: "Freeing the Free Negro"
The Veil Rent in Twain: Degradation and Revelation in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Mark Twain and the Black Challenge
Huck, Jim, and American Racial Discourse
Blackface and White Inside
Twain's "Nigger" Jim: The Tragic Face behind the Minstrel Mask
Minstrel Shackles and Nineteenth-Century "Liberality" in Huckleberry Finn
Huck and Jim: A Reconsideration
Nigger and Knowledge: White Double-Consciousness in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Huck Finn in the Twentieth Century
Morality and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
"A True Book—With Some Stretchers": Huck Finn Today
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Afro-American Literature
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; or, Mark Twain's Racial Ambiguity
For Further Reading
Customer Reviews
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Lesley Joseph
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Lesley Joseph is an actress, presenter and comedian, much-loved for her portrayal of the amoral Dorian Green in the hit series Birds of a Feather. She has performed in the Vagina Monologues, starred in ITV's Night and Day and appeared on a special edition of What Not To Wear.
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Why 'wafaa' should be exported worldwide
Having just returned from Spain — even though I have been there many times before and am aware of the depth of historical connections between Spain and the Arab world — I felt a strong common thread between Arabs and Spaniards this time: A sense of our universal human history.
Perhaps it was because I recently found out that, through my DNA, I am related to the Umayyads, whose roots can be traced back to Arabia and Omar bin Al-Khattab, from the Banu 'Adi clan of the Quraysh tribe. The Umayyads, of course, were the ones who extended their caliphate all the way to modern-day Spain. Al-Andalus was the jewel of this coexistence of cultures and religions that produced so much of the science, art, architecture and philosophy that we still admire today.
Some right-wing European politicians try to stoke fears of an Arab or Muslim invasion of Europe today. They forget that our people and our cultures have blended at least since the days of Al-Andalus, and that what they created together is the pride of all mankind.
As I let myself get carried away by these major historical currents, I was also transported via Spain to the Americas. With almost all of South and Central America colonized by the Spanish, it is no wonder that their language is now the second most common natively spoken language in the world after Mandarin. Just as Arabs and Muslims had a major impact on Spanish culture and language, so the Spanish had an outsize influence on the Americas.
"Wafaa" translates to a silent generosity that seeks no reward and that will never be questioned, in the same way that the love of a mother for her child knows no limits.
Hassan bin Youssef Yassin
Almost 10 percent of the Spanish language is made up of words whose origin is in Arabic, and those linguistic and cultural influences can be traced all the way to California — whose name originates from the Arab-Muslim concept of the caliph. Spain's second longest river, Wadi Al-Kabir (great river), is now written Guadalquivir. And the Spanish-Arab concept of law and order installed in the Americas was upheld by the "sharif," or sheriff, which is still prevalent throughout the US today. There is hence a line that can be traced directly from my ancestors the Umayyads to California, where I studied in the 1950s.
As I think about the importance of words that are exported, and the very importance of naming things, I think of what I believe to be one of the most important words in the Arabic language: "Wafaa." This is not simply a word; it is an entire world, a culture, a way of life, which is of great importance to me. One could translate it as a faithfulness or loyalty that knows no limits in time, geography or selflessness. It is a silent generosity that seeks no reward and that will never be questioned, in the same way that the love of a mother for her child knows no limits.
As I think of my DNA travelling through time from the Umayyads and the Quraysh tribe, of the Spanish and their Arab-influenced culture and language spreading throughout the globe, I also wish for this idea of wafaa to spread through the hearts and minds of everyone on this planet.
I think it is captivating, in a world filled with so many challenges and difficulties, with the chatter of the internet and social media, to come back to the singular silence of wafaa, of giving without seeking any reward or visibility. It is a comforting idea for me to think that somehow this word and this concept could spread into every language and allow people to comprehend and adopt that silent generosity.
What wafaa says to me is: "Make your way and, when you are gone, I will be there to support your children and their children after that."
• Hassan bin Youssef Yassin worked closely with Saudi petroleum ministers Abdullah Tariki and Ahmed Zaki Yamani from 1959 to 1967. He headed the Saudi Information Office in Washington from 1972 to 1981, and served with the Arab League observer delegation to the UN from 1981 to 1983.


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Swag Shop
"The more you celebrate your life, the more there is in life to celebrate." -Oprah Winfrey
This space was created to celebrate YOU! Designed to meet you where you are, these products will uplift and inspire you to keep being your youest you. Accessible and practical, these everyday pieces are made to encourage you in the little moments that become your big, awesome life. Use them to reinforce your own fabulousness or gift them to someone special and share the love.
You are loved, you are important, and the world needs what you have to offer.


text: We've been working on a little side project here at Little Bulldog called papier + ink. While the sun is shining and nature is blooming, we've been doing a bit of sketching, a bit of carving and a bit of printing and we're starting to develop a range of handprinted cards and framed prints. It's starting off rather slow but we'll be adding more and more as time goes by - please have a look at our new little idea www.etsy.com/uk/shop/papierinkprint - they'll soon be up on their own website too.


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Summary of Teaching Effectiveness
Courses Taught:
I enjoy teaching and have had the opportunity to teach seven classes as a lead instructor in my time as a PhD student.
As Lead Instructor:
EC 340: Public Economics (Summer 2016, 2017)
EC 360: Issues in Industrial Organization (Winter 2017, Winter 2018, Spring 2018, Summer 2018)
EC 333: Resource and Environmental Economics (Fall 2018)
As Discussion Section Leader/TA:
EC 202: Introduction to Macroeconomics
EC 320: Introduction to Econometrics
EC 523: Econometrics (Graduate Level)
Description of Classes
EC 340 Public Economics: The goal of public economics is to give students a detailed understanding of what economists mean by efficiency and well being. We begin the course by discussing preferences, establishing the two fundamental welfare theorems and then use this framework to discussvarious examples of market failures. In addition to discussing efficiency issues, I include a unit on inequality and distribution. The course discusses several real-world examples of programs to improve market outcomes, such as cap-and-trade, methods of public good provision, and anti-poverty programs such as Medicaid and SNAP. The course concludes with an overview of the economics of taxation.
EC 360 Issues in Industrial Organization: Economics 360 covers the economics of antitrust policy. Throughout the course, I seek to emphasize that good antitrust policy rarely has a one-size-fits all solution, but instead requires careful analysis of a firm's incentives to distinguish pro-competitive and anti-competitive behavior. I pair the teaching of various economic models of firm behavior with the examination of antitrust case law. Besides giving students a greater understanding of the institutional detail of U.S. antitrust enforcement, I find that these cases serve as excellent settings to apply the mathematical models we learn in class to actual situations.
EC 333 Resource and Environmental Economics: I am currently teaching this course for the first time and am scheduled to teaching it again in the spring of 2019. The class, as the title suggests, focuses on applying economic models to environmental issues. I focus the class on the idea of benefit-cost analysis and thinking about how environmental concerns can be understood in terms of economic efficiency. I also make sure to point out that the economic toolkit only addresses certain positive questions related to the environment and that perspectives from other disciplines are needed.


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The Sunriver Women's Club will be sponsoring the 8th Annual Sunriver Art Fair on August 11-13, with over 70 artist booths exhibiting art in 11 different mediums: ceramics, glass, jewelry, painting, photography, sculpture, textiles, gourd art, woodwork, metalwork and mixed media. The artists are coming from as far away as the east coast and right here in the Pacific Northwest.
Back to All Events
Earlier Event: August 4American Craft Council
Later Event: August 25Art on the Square


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Plow Install
Jeep Wranglers are underestimated for their plowing abilities. Their tight wheel base, superior 4X4 system, and large 6-cylinder engines add up to a terrific plow rig. This 2015 Jeep Wrangler came in and got a brand new 6'8" Fisher Homesteader but this is not the only plow they can handle. The 7-1/2 Fisher HT, 6'9" Fisher SD, or 7-1/2' Western HTS are also available. Would you plow with this rig?


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Events for April 19, 2019
Events Search and Views Navigation
All Day
As a universal language the arts are a very effective tool for addressing social issues. The #metoo movement has brought to the surface long ignored injustices perpetrated mostly against women for generations that are finally screaming to be remedied. This juried exhibition will feature works that eloquently depicts remedies, that teach us how to honor women and others who have been maligned, how to implement change within our culture, to alter perceptions and ultimately excise this malady for future generations.Find out more »
Jacob Landau: Exploring the Colors
The exhibition features a selection of some twenty-one works. All are from Monmouth University's extensive collection of Jacob Landau's work, comprising over 300 prints, drawings and paintings. The collection was gifted to Monmouth University in 2008 by the Jacob Landau Institute of Roosevelt, NJ. This exhibit is co-sponsored by the Jewish Culture Studies Program and the Honors School of Monmouth University.Find out more »
Second Senior Show: Fine Art & Animation
Featuring the work of Monmouth University graduating seniors who will receive their degrees in Fine Art and Animation.Find out more »


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Space to Be
Today I walked around Down Town Scottsdale by myself for a while. I wandered through the sleepy and quiet Arts District in the middle of the day. For two blocks I didn't see a single person. It was lovely. The sun beat down on my shoulders. The warm desert dryness wrapped around me like a blanket. A gentle breeze kissed my face.
I didn't think, I just felt. Breathing in feeling with every breath and breathing out, releasing each feeling again into the void of empty air all around me.
I didn't pray, but every step felt like a prayer, lifting up my very heart to God instead of just my vocal requests.
I wandered for a while and then found a little bakery to stop and eat at. I had thought when I sat down that I would spend the time writing while I ate, but instead I completely zoned out. My gaze blankly moving from the leaves on the bush outside the window in front of me to the painted wine glasses on the shelf next to me to the greens in the salad I slowly ate.
It was lovely. To just be. To not have anyone needing anything from me. To not have anything that I needed to do or accomplish.
Space to breath. Space to feel. Space to think, or, more accurately, not think. Space without dishes, laundry, nagging children. Just me.
We all need space like that now and then.
So, my prayer for all you who are reading this today is this,
May you find time this week to wander with no destination in mind. May you allow yourself delightful moments of empty thought, allow yourself not to be productive. May you sit quietly with your heart open before your God and allow yourselves the space to just be.
Rejoicing in the journey, Bethany


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Our Story
When our son was born, our ice cream intake increased dramatically. Exhausted from nights with little sleep and long days we turned to ice cream to provide a sweet evening fix. At the same time we were becoming increasingly aware of the long list of ingredients found in commercial ice cream - most of which seemed unnecessary and were even contrary to delicious and satisfying ice cream. So we started to make our own. We kept it simple, using only quality and natural ingredients.
Then one hot summer's day in 2015 there was a knock at our door (in our then home) in Powlett St. A friend was there with her dogs and a rapidly melting box of ice creams just purchased from the supermarket - a surprise gift for the littlest member of the family. In exchange we filled a paper cup with some Gin & Tonic Sorbet we had made the day before. Not long after we received a message from her - "You have to do something with this!".
And we are.
- We are based in Kyneton in the Macedon Ranges in Victoria.
- Our ice cream and sorbet is handmade in small batches, from scratch, using only a handful of fresh and natural ingredients.
- We don't yet have a retail space - find out how to buy here.
- Our ice cream is made from a traditional custard base using only full cream milk, pure cream, raw sugar and egg yolk from eggs sourced from local pasture raised chickens.
- We use no stabilisers, no gums, no additives, and definitely no artificial flavours - in fact all our flavours come from the addition of fresh ingredients or are extracted by us from raw or dry ingredients. Our only concession to this policy, is using couverture chocolate in our Fresh Mint and Crushed Chocolate Ice Cream.
- We use top shelf spirits in our alcoholic sorbets including Melbourne Gin Company gin.
- We flow with the seasons, using local availability of ingredients to inspire our ice cream and sorbet production.
- We try to source from local producers wherever possible. We'd love to hear from you if you think you have something we'd love to use