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VATICAN CITY (EWTN News/CNA) — An unprecedented 2012 exhibition of around 100 historical documents from the Vatican's Secret Archives will include items from Pope Pius XII's wartime papacy and Galileo's trial.
Cardinal Raffaele Farina, the Vatican's archivist and librarian, explained the importance of the exhibit to the media on July 5: "Ancient pontifical documents of great importance, as well as letters concerning significant aspects of the life of the Church in the world, will be leaving the Vatican for the first time."
Entitled "Lux in Arcana: The Vatican Secret Archives Unveiled," the exhibition will run from February to September next year at Rome's Capitoline Museums. It marks the 400th anniversary of the archive's inception.
The collection will include notable items, such as Pope Gregory VII's "Dictatus Papae," which outlines the powers of the Roman pontiff; a 1530 letter from members of the English Parliament on King Henry VIII's marital situation; minutes from the 1633 trial of Galileo Galilei, signed by the astronomer himself; and an 1887 letter from Native Americans to Pope Leo XIII, written on birch bark.
But what raised the most eyebrows at the press conference was the announcement that documents related to the wartime activities of Pope Pius XII will also be on display.
Critics of Pope Pius accuse him of not taking a stand against the Nazis' persecution of the Jews, a charge strongly denied by his supporters, who call it a "black legend."
"What we're talking about today is an important first — a double first," explained Umberto Broccoli, who is in charge of cultural heritage for the city of Rome.
"The Pope's personal secrets are revealed: The veil is taken away from them after years of being reserved only for the watchful eyes of scholars and experts and are now to be shown to the public.
"But it is also the first time that the Vatican will be making a loan to a museum in Rome."
The Secret Archives were created in 1612 by Pope Paul V. They remained closed until 1881, when Pope Leo XIII opened them to academic researchers. The archives contain 52 miles of shelves holding over 35,000 historical texts and documents.
The word "secret" actually has the more ancient meaning of "private" rather than modern definition of "hidden" or "mysterious." This denotes that the archives are directly under the care of the Pope and not a department of the Roman Curia.
"It is a courageous gesture on the part of the Holy See to organize an exhibition at this level, at the same time agreeing to let these precious documents leave the Vatican," said Rome's Mayor Giovanni Alemanno."Lux Arcana is an opportunity to recount to both Romans and pilgrims the extraordinary adventure of man."


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mohney64 necesitaba un nuevo diseño de página web y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 31 diseños de 14 diseñadores freelance.
I have a client that needs a website created for his practice. He wants to look bigger than his firm is, and has very specific websites that he likes. If you do not create a design that follows the ones he has listed, we will have to eliminate your design.
Mereu Law
Hi guys,
Need another design from you! MereuLaw is a Boston based corporate law and real estate law firm that specializes in 201 compliance. For those that are unfamiliar, 201 compliance is perhaps the most important part of the website we need created. He is a pioneer in the knowledge needed to succeed in this field, and we want to make sur ehis website features it as much as possible.
We'll be creating the website in Wordpress, if that helps any.
- Clean, professional Design
- Feature 201 compliance (Please search if you dont know what this is)
- Project a law firm that is very large, but doesn't name specific names
- Sleak, modern style
- Real estate law (Specializing in Buyers, Lenders, and Sellers)
- Corporate Law practice
- He wants a more advanced feeling website, one that may not necessarily look like a law firm
- Organic, modern, softer design with softer browns, and earth colors (light light light green, light light brown, etc.)
- He runs workshops for real estate
- Focus on the high-end condominium market for real estate
- NEEDS to have a prominent icon for 201 security compliance (come up with a good icon and a call to action "click here" for more information or some such thing
- Here are some websites he liked:
- http://www.hhlaw.com/home/ http://www.chadbourne.com/
- http://www.goodwinprocter.com
- http://www.pierceatwood.com
- http://www.mnat.com
- http://www.nexsenpruet.com
- http://www.phillipslytle.com
- http://www.hhlaw.com
- http://www.chadbourne.com
- http://www.mintz.com
- Family law is being removed from their practice. They will not be practicing family law.

subset: commoncrawl


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I'm a big fan of small cars, and, like many small-car aficionados, I'm frankly tired of not having a car that can be mostly obscured by a grain of sand. Thankfully, that problem has been solved by researchers at the Vienna Institute of Technology, who have used a new 3D printing method to produce a racecar about 285 µm (micrometers or microns) long. That's the thickness of a human hair.
The 3D printing method uses a liquid resin, hardened by a laser beam guided with movable mirrors. The system is remarkably fast, able to deposit and fuse 100 layers of 200 lines of polymer per layer in under four minutes.
Even more amazing is the resolution: doing this level of detail at the nanoscale level means larger objects can have a truly remarkable intricacy. I've used other types of 3D printing for projects, and have been able to see the individual layers, like aliased pixels, on the final product; this is well beyond "retina display" levels for physical objects.
Now I just need to see if I can get an implant so all my blood and sperm cells have sweet rides to tool around my body in.


text:
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text: Did you know January is National Thank You Month? Pretty much the perfect time to share this post from Buttercup Ink! It originally focused on good karma for the holidays, but I think it inspires creative ways to say 'thank you' on any day of the year. I've been following Vari […] Read More »


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BIRMINGHAM, Ala.--The 20th-ranked Birmingham-Southern baseball team completed the series sweep of Rhodes College with a 7-5 victory Sunday afternoon at Striplin Field.
The Panthers move to 24-8 overall and 14-1 atop the Southern Athletic Association standings with their eighth-straight win, while the Lynx fall to 17-15 overall and 8-7 in conference play.
Sophomore Tanner McGill got the Panthers on the board in the bottom of the first inning with an RBI single up the middle to bring junior Evan Grovenstein across the plate. BSC scored twice more in the bottom of the second, as freshman Taylor McCracken RBI singled down the right-field line to plate sophomore Zach Wagner, and then stole second, advanced to third on a wild pitch, and scored on a Rhodes error to put the Panthers up 3-0.
The Lynx tied things up in the top of the third with a walked-in run followed by an RBI ground-out and an RBI single.
Wagner put the Panthers back in the lead in the bottom of the third, doubling to right-center to plate senior Brandon Perry and junior Jeremy Hatley.
Rhodes scored on an error in the top of the fourth to cut the lead to 5-4, and that score would stand until the bottom of the sixth, when sophomore Jacob Mayfield sent a ball over the left-field fence to bring in two runs and put BSC up 7-4.
The Lynx put up one more run in the top of the seventh on an RBI single, but were shut out in the final two innings by senior Blake Yance, who came in and got his 10th save of the year, retiring six of the eight batters he faced to end the game.
The Panthers had 12 hits, led by Mayfield who was 3-5 with two RBI. Rhodes recorded six total hits.
Junior Miles Nordgren picked up the win on the mound to move to 5-0 on the year. He threw 4.1 innings after relieving freshman starter Kyle Royalty, who gave up one hit with two strikeouts over the first 2.1 innings. Nordgren allowed three hits with three strikeouts. Sophomore David Bourbonnais also saw action, facing one batter and getting a strikeout, before Yance came in for the close.
BSC is on the road this week, facing out-of-conference foe Covenant College on Tuesday in Lookout Mountain, Ga., and then traveling to face Millsaps for a conference series in Jackson, Miss., Friday through Sunday. The Panthers will return home to close out the regular season Friday, April 19, through Sunday, April 21, hosting Berry College at Striplin Field.
The Panthers will also have a chance to host the first round of the 2013 SAA Championship, April 26-28, if they end up as one of the top two seeds in the tournament. The highest seed remaining will then host the conference finals, May 4-6.


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Southland Motor Car Dealers Association
Your team will be working on a 2018 Chevrolet Malibu for the on car portion of the competition.
Manufacturer Representative
Your Manufacturer Representative is Mr. Dan Gippert, Regional Service Engineer, General Motors, LLC. He can be contacted by email at firstname.lastname@example.com.
It is important that you coordinate a relationship between a dealership of the vehicle drawn and your NATC team. It is recommended that you choose a dealer that will be able to provide assistance to your team with their training. Contact your Manufacturer Representative; he will be able to assist you with preparation for the competition as well as answer any questions you may have about the vehicle.
Trade Assistance
If you have a special circumstance and need to switch your selected vehicle, the deadline for trades is February 21st. Please take it upon yourself to make a trade with another association; just notify Carole Rogner of the trade.
If you need assistance, contact Carole at firstname.lastname@example.com or 716.640.2012 and she will do her best to arrange a trade for you.
2018 Vehicle Draw was preformed by RandomPicker.
RandomPicker is an independent system that helps organizers conduct drawings from a random basis. It is used to pick winners of sweepstakes, raffles or other competitions. It also includes a module for sport drawings.


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Arizona agencies share information with InSight
SALT LAKE CITY – January 3, 2006 – Twenty police and sheriff's departments around the state of Arizona are working together to seamlessly exchange information using Spillman Technologies' InSight data sharing software.
Arizona's InSight project will be the first in the nation to link every sheriff's department throughout an entire state, as well as some police departments, allowing them to share extensive information in real time.
Agencies currently involved in the InSight project include sheriff's departments in Apache, Cochise, Coconino, Gila, Graham, Greenlee, La Paz, Maricopa, Mohave, Navajo, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, Yavapai, and Yuma counties; and police departments in the cities of Avondale, Buckeye, Cottonwood, Flagstaff, Surprise, and Tolleson.
The initiative for the InSight project has been headed by Pinal County Sheriff's Office, with grant funding coming from the Department of Homeland Security.
Once complete, the project will allow every sheriff's department throughout the state, as well as several police departments, to instantly query the databases of every agency on the system to obtain information on people, vehicles, property, warrants, and incidents. Each agency will also be able to access jail information from every county in the state.
The software incorporates the Global Justice XML Data Model (GJXDM), which allows information exchange even between agencies using different software systems, and extensive search capabilities without costly interfaces. InSight can be used from both desktop and mobile units, and includes top-notch security features with data encryption and user-defined privileges to ensure the highest level of data integrity.
The project is ongoing, but is anticipated to be complete within the next year.
About Spillman Technologies
Spillman Technologies provides a full range of software solutions for public safety agencies, including Records Management, Computer-Aided Dispatch, Mobile Communications, Corrections Management, Fire/EMS Management, Resource Management, and Data Sharing. The software is installed at nearly 600 agencies nationwide.


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McAllister fights command; Tribe never gains control
CHICAGO -- Ryan Raburn saw a first-pitch fastball and saw his chance. White Sox lefty Jose Quintana had been cruising, but Cleveland found a way to work the bases full in the fourth inning and this was an opportunity to swing the momentum.
"I just tried to kind of play hero," Raburn said.View Full Game Coverage
CHICAGO -- Ryan Raburn saw a first-pitch fastball and saw his chance. White Sox lefty Jose Quintana had been cruising, but Cleveland found a way to work the bases full in the fourth inning and this was an opportunity to swing the momentum.
"I just tried to kind of play hero," Raburn said.View Full Game Coverage
Raburn hacked at the offering and chopped it into the ground for a rally-killing double play that sucked the wind out of the Tribe on Wednesday. It was an afternoon of missed chances that led to a 3-2 loss to the White Sox at U.S. Cellular Field.
Quintana continued to puzzle the Indians' lineup and Tribe starter Zach McAllister's few mistakes were magnified in light of the cooled Cleveland offense. The end result was a split of an abbreviated two-game series before the Tribe heads to Kansas City for the final stop on this 11-day road trip.
There have been plenty of signs of life of late for the Indians' offense, beginning with the team's 19-run onslaught on Saturday in Houston. Prior to Wednesday's game against Chicago, though, Indians manager Terry Francona chuckled when asked if he thought his lineup was starting to heat up.
Francona was not about to go there.
"I will never say that," said the manager. "The minute I say it, we'll get two-hit. It just never fails."
Cleveland (8-11) managed five hits in the loss to Chicago (8-12), but Francona's point was made.
Quintana has enjoyed a lot of success in his young career against the Indians -- evidenced by his 1.48 ERA against the Tribe. The left-hander turned in seven shutout innings in a no-decision against Cleveland on April 12 and followed that up with five shutout frames to open Wednesday's outing.
"You can tell he's pitching with confidence," Francona said. "He does a lot of everything. He changes speeds. He uses the whole plate. He has that cutter. He goes up, down, soft, hard. He pitches. You get into situations where you can do some damage and he tries to get you a little over-aggressive."
The Tribe finally got to Quintana in the sixth, when the lefty issued a leadoff walk to Drew Stubbs and then allowed a single to Michael Brantley. Jason Kipnis followed with an RBI single to right field, snapping his 0-for-8 skid at the plate and ending Quintana's career-best scoreless streak at 18 2/3 innings.
At that point, the White Sox turned to reliever Nate Jones, who promptly allowed a sacrifice fly to Mark Reynolds that cut Chicago's lead to 3-2. Kipnis did what he could to apply some pressure, stealing both second and third base, but Jones struck out Nick Swisher and induced a flyout from Raburn to escape further damage.
Quintana was charged with two runs on four hits in his five-plus innings of work. Two runs off the lefty seemed like an outpouring, considering Cleveland had only scored two runs against him in the previous four meetings combined.
"He's been pitching great," White Sox manager Robin Ventura said. "Up until that sixth inning, he just looked strong, and he gets stronger as he goes along."
The Tribe -- playing without Asdrubal Cabrera (right quad), Carlos Santana (flu) and Michael Bourn (right hand injury) -- needed more from its offense on this afternoon.
In the first inning, Alejandro De Aza drew a leadoff walk against McAllister, stole second base and then scored on a single from Jeff Keppinger. Alex Rios pushed Chicago's lead to 3-0 in the fifth, when he tomahawked a high 0-2 offering from McAllister deep to left field for a two-run home run.
"I don't even think that was a bad pitch," McAllister said. "I wasn't necessarily surprised that he hit it. But I was surprised he hit it that well, that's for sure. He's a good hitter."
McAllister did his best to control the damage of the nine baserunners he put on in his 5 2/3 innings, but the White Sox scored just enough to eke out their fourth win in 14 games. The big right-hander matched a career high with five walks and ended with four strikeouts in the hard-luck loss.
"He dodged some traffic," Francona said of McAllister. "They almost left with one run. He got ahead of Rios and a fastball came across the wrong part of the plate. Even though it was elevated, he ran into it for two runs -- two big runs. He kept competing and he kept them off the board."
Under the circumstances, Raburn was kicking himself for coming up short in the fourth inning.
With Chicago holding a 1-0 lead, Brantley singled to right off Quintana and Reynolds later added a one-out double. Quintana then issued a walk to Swisher to load the bases for Raburn. Cleveland's right fielder got a little too trigger happy, grounding into the critical double play.
"He's a fastball hitter. That's OK," Francona said of Raburn's aggressive approach. "The result wasn't what we were looking for, but I don't ever want to second-guess guys when they get a good pitch to hit. The game is hard enough."
Raburn did second-guess his swing.
"It's one of those at-bats I wish I could go back and do it over," Raburn said. "But I can't. It's part of the game. Sometimes you get them and sometimes you don't. ... I was trying to be aggressive. I was just a little too over-aggressive. It wasn't quite the pitch I should have went after."
Jordan Bastian is a reporter for MLB.com. Read his blog, Major League Bastian, and follow him on Twitter @MLBastian.


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|Previous Close
|Expire Date
|Day's Range
|3.3000 - 4.1500
|Contract Range
|Open Interest
As we near the end of October 2019, a very interesting price setup is taking place across many of the US market sectors recently. We only have a total of about seven trading days left in October 2019 and the Financial Sector ETF is rolling over with what appears to be an Engulfing Bearish price pattern near price channel highs. Additionally, the tech-heavy NASDAQ (NQ) has been mostly weaker compared to the ES and YM.
Charles Schwab provides investing tips.
We've been writing about the broader US stock market for many months – highlighting the Pennant/Flag formations that have continued to set up since early 2018. Sometimes, the keys to really understanding what is transpiring behind the scenes in the US markets is to pay attention to various market segments and to consider applying some "outside the box" thinking.
Thursday, investors can expect the weekly initial jobless claims figures, as well as existing home sales for the month of August.
The Fed is on deck
Outspoken former White House Communications Director Anthony Scaramucci claims the president is 'unhinged' and in 'steady decline.'
Value stocks are in. Momentum stocks are out. Thank you President Trump.
Still, we believe the energy sector is setting up another great trade opportunity for skilled technical traders. Watch how this sets up below $46 and watch for deeper price moves below $45. Once the momentum base is set up, the upside price move should be very clean and fairly quick.
PPI comes in hotter than expected
Stocks actually spent most of the session under pressure, but a late session rally helped the S&P; 500 and Dow erase those early losses. The late surge was fueled by a recovery in industrial, energy and health care stocks. Higher U.S. Treasury yields helped bank stocks post solid gains.
The US session keyed off with a Trump tweet and yet another defiant message that gave us no indication the respective Xi-Trump camps are anywhere near to forging a deal. But the tweet set a risk-off tone in markets, and this was then given additional tailwind by a shocker of an ISM manufacturing print in the US, but also in Canada.
With the loss of confidence in the outlook for Corporate America, thanks mostly to President Trump's trade war against China, investors may rush to the exits soon.
Recessions are normal. So, John and Jane Doe investors should plan ahead.
Mixed results from data releases and corporate earnings have resulted in cautious optimism if you're investing in ETFs, but the waters have muddied.
If you don't own these up-and-coming small companies in your investment portfolio yet, you could be missing out on a big opportunity for market-beating returns.
Last week's announcement of more U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods may have undermined the prospects for small-cap stocks to rebound this year, even after a brief respite from the Federal Reserve's recent interest-rate cut. Just a day after the Fed cut interest rates for the first time in more than a decade, President Donald Trump vowed on Aug. 1 to impose 10% tariffs on an additional $300 billion of Chinese goods beginning on Sept. 1.
Here's what you should know if you want to buy and sell small-cap companies.
The Federal Reserve is expected to cut interest rates next week even though the US economy is doing pretty well. Here's former White House Director of Economic Policy Todd Buchholz take on why.
There seems little doubt that if inflation expectations resume a trend lower, then the need for an aggressive response from the Federal Reserve increases and this will have a greater effect on rate cut expectations, bond yields, the USD, equities and gold.
A truce in the trade war between the United States and China that pushed large-cap stocks to new record highs Monday does not appear to be enough to buoy the shares of small U.S. companies that are struggling under the weight of higher tariff costs. Lower margins and less pricing power are preventing small companies from either passing on or weathering the effects of higher trade tariffs to the same degree as large caps, effectively putting a ceiling on their growth prospects, fund managers and analysts say. For the year to date, the benchmark Russell 2000 index of small companies is up nearly 17%, yet remains more than 8% below the record highs it reached in August 2018.
A new survey by lender Kabbage finds 80% of American small business owners feel prepared for recession.


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Standing inside a Homemade Ice Cream and Pie Kitchen is a comforting experience which evokes strong memories of warm grandmothers pulling gooey cinnamon rolls from the oven, tenderly dividing the golden, handmade dough and doling out their love like communion. You close your eyes and breathe in the intoxicating aromas of cinnamon, butter, flaky pie crust… Then you hear an angel's voice, and you look up to meet the gaze of the smiling employee who wants to take your order. And it hits you – you have to pick a dessert, only ONE dessert, from this gigantic glass case of luscious choices! Madness!! If Frodo couldn't simply walk into Mordor, I cannot be expected to select just one tempting treat. Truly, I know folks who had an easier time choosing a career path than deciding between caramel apple pie and Oreo cheesecake, both of which are delicious. Luckily, around this time of year, our friends offer scrumptious limited time specials, and I find that they make my decisions slightly easier.
~ Lemon
~ Grape Sherbet
~ Watermelon Sherbet
~ Strawberry Sherbet
~ Summer Berry
~ Peach
~ Vegan Coconut Milk Ice Cream - I'm impressed with this agave syrup-sweetened vegan ice cream. The only in the city, it's free of dairy, lactose, gluten, and soy. Plus, it's yummy – I sampled it myself!
The Pie Kitchen proudly pledges to only use milk and cream from local and regional dairy farmers with no artificial growth hormones. They make each frozen dessert from scratch, too! That's pretty amazing.
I enjoy trying new things, but I must admit to some personal favorites:
- Grape Sherbet
- Sugar Cookies
- French Silk Pie
What's your go-to dessert at the Pie Kitchen? Comment below!


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We are seeking a full-time Internal Medicine physician to join our team. You will be in working in a fast-paced environment, and the ideal candidate will have outstanding communication skills and a warm personality. This is an excellent opportunity for growth within the practice and to make an impact in the community. Enjoy a healthy work/life balance in the scenic beauty of Western Montana.
Where You'll Work
Providence St. Joseph Medical Center is a 22-bed, critical-access hospital serving a widely dispersed population in beautiful northwest Montana. Through innovative partnerships, including a visiting specialists program, Providence St. Joseph Medical Center is able to provide advanced care to a much larger patient population while offering personal attention to each patient. St. Joseph Medical Center also has close ties to Providence St. Patrick Hospital, a 253-bed tertiary center 65 miles away in Missoula.
Where You'll Live
Polson, on the edge of Flathead Lake, is framed by the Rockies' spectacular subranges, including the Mission, Salish and Swan mountains. From hiking, hunting and fishing, to famous car shows and art festivals, Polson residents take pride in their natural surroundings and community. Museums, parks and a cultural center preserve its rich cattle-and-logging heritage, as well as its history as the native lands of the Salish, Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille tribes.
Who You'll Work For
Providence Health & Services (PH&S) is a not-for-profit system of 34 hospitals, more than 600 clinics and hundreds of locally driven programs across five western states: Alaska, California, Montana, Oregon and Washington. Providence is committed to improving the health of the communities it serves, with a special emphasis on its mission to serve the poor and vulnerable. PH&S is a partner organization of the Providence St. Joseph Health family and is proud to be an Equal Employment Opportunity organization.
Job ID Number: 10664
Facility Name: Providence St. Joseph Medical Center - MT
Location Name: Polson, MT
Brand Name: Providence Health & Services
Provider Profession: Physician/Surgeon
Medical Specialty: Family Medicine
Job Setting: Hospital
Type of Role: Clinical
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone Number: (509) 371-3583
Schedule: Full Time
CP: Yes
CB: Yes
NP: No
PA: No
HC: Yes
IS: No
YM: No
Let's Talk!
You've got questions? I've got answers! Reach out today, and together, we'll find a job that checks all your boxes.
Express Interest
Suruchi Singh Tronstad
Provider Recruiter
(509) 371-3583
Young Doctors in Love … With Primary Care! - Health Stew - Boston.com
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The TEACH certificate program was developed by SGIM's Education Committee to address the needs of junior clinician educators. The program focuses on Teaching Skills and offers quality instruction and assessment with tangible...
The Journal of General Internal Medicine is the official journal of the Society of General Internal Medicine. It promotes improved patient care, research, and education in primary care, general internal medicine, and ...
© Society of General Internal Medicine | SGIM
1500 King Street Ste 303 Alexandria, VA 22314


text:
Small four language, three month to view calendar complete with easy read marker.
Simple but effective small tent style desk calendar. Features 6 months per side. Folds flat and supplied in envelopes.
Promotional portrait two weeks to view, four language pocket diary with textured PVC welded cover, printed date, month overview calendar, bookmark and address book.
Long weekly page diary including 26 sheets of paper. The cover of the diary is made from recycled cardboard.
PVC welded flip calendar with four languages, featuring images from 12 European countries.
Strong and durable. Can be printed with or without a calendar. Supplied flat in envelopes.
The cookie settings on this website are set to 'All Cookies' so that you have the best online experience possible from our site. Without changing this setting you consent to this. If you wish to opt out click on the 'change cookie settings' link.


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Developing J2EE Applications Using Hibernate Annotations and Spring MVC
The first part of this three-part series introduced you to the latest JDK5 annotations feature. In this part, you will learn how to apply these annotations to develop real-world applications. With the combination of Hibernate annotation and Spring MVC, developers can drastically reduce the time at the configuration level. No more artless mapping files, no more klutzy XDoclet tags; life becomes so easy! This article describes a step-by-step procedure of how to build, deploy, and run a simple J2EE-based Web application using the above-mentioned technologies.
It is assumed that readers of this article are quite familiar with J2EE technologies including JDBC, containers/servers, ORM tools, and frameworks. It is also recommended that readers go through that first article, "An Introduction to Java Annotations," as a primer.
In J2EE-based Web applications, a traditional approach is to use XML mapping files with Hibernate when defining persistent objects (as in using one hbm.xml file per POJO). For example, if you have 40 POJOs with complex inter-relationships, you will have to define 40 hbm.xml mapping files, which is not only time-consuming but also very error prone. If you use Hibernate annotations, however, there will be no need to use such mapping files anymore. The compiler will read the annotated codes before runtime and process them as accordingly before the class is loaded (the ClassData model).
The annotated beans can be accessed from the Hibernate DAO layer. For Hibernate, Spring provides good support with IoC features, addressing many typical Hibernate issues. Thus, DAOs can be configured through Dependency Injection and participate in Spring's resource and transaction management. The main advantage of the DAO layer is that it completely decouples business logic from persistence technology. The business logic layer (also known as the service layer or the manager layer) can be configured to communicate with the UI layer through some MVC type framework.
MVC is a pattern that helps separate presentation from business logic. Although dependency injection is the basis of the Spring framework, it also provides a rich set of tools built on top of its core dependency injection functionality. It provides an MVC framework, transaction management, support for several O/R mapping tools, and more. I've chosen Spring's MVC pattern for this tutorial to provide you with an idea about how Spring MVC manages a clean division between controllers, JavaBean models, and views.
Rather than providing theoretical descriptions, I will take the examples-with-explanation approach. You will be taken through the following five steps:
- Setting up up your environment.
- The persistence layer.
- The service, or business logic, layer.
- The UI layer.
- Building, deploying, and running the application.
Step 1: Setup up Your Development Environment
1. Obtain the required jars.
You will need JDK5, Tomcat 5.x, Ant Tool, Hibernate annotations, Spring core, Hibernate 3, plus other commonly required jars to deploy this application. Here is the list and the suggested URLs where you can obtain these:
- J2SE5: You will need the J2SE version 5 (Tiger) version for this application
Download URL: http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp
- Tomcat5.x: I've used Tomcat version 5.0.28 for this application. You can obtain this version, or any later version, from the Jakarta site.
Download URL: http://www.axint.net/apache/jakarta/tomcat-5/v5.0.28/bin/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28.zip
- Ant: Download the Ant build tool (version 1.6.2)
Download URL: http://archive.apache.org/dist/ant/binaries/
- Hibernate annotations: Next, you will need the Hibernate annotation jars; see Figure 1. Hibernate3 implements the EntityManager of JSR-220 (the persistence API). The Hibernate Annotations package contains the EJB3 and Hibernate3 extension annotations and their internal binding to the Hibernate core.
Download URL: http://annotations.hibernate.org
- Spring: Download the Spring framework with the full distributed jar (version 1.2.4 is used in this tutorial).
Download URL: http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/springframework/spring-framework-1.2.4-with-dependencies.zip?download
Core spring jar files reside under the "spring-framework-1.2.4dist" directory, see Figure 2.
- Hibernate core: You will use the Hibernate version that comes as distributed jars with Spring. You will find them under the 'spring-framework-1.2.1libhibernate' directory.
- JDBC Driver: You will need the JDBC driver to work with your database. In this application, Oracle9i has been used as the backend DB. You can, however, use any DB. You can download the Oracle9i driver used in this application from here:
- Other required jars: Jars, such as jakarta-commons, cglib, j2ee, edcache, log4j, dom4j, jstl, jaxrpc, and so forth, which you will find under the 'spring-framework-1.2.1lib' sub-directory, are needed. See Figure 3.
2. Set up your environment.
Set up an environment for JAVA_HOME, ANT_HOME, and CATALINA_HOME, as demonstrated accordingly.
Note: If you need more instruction on how to set up your development environment, here is a good link you can follow: http://hackydev.ics.hawaii.edu/hackyDevSite/hackyBuild/README.1.html.
3. Create a directory structure.
This is shown in Figure 4:
|Root directory:
|Source directory:
|Directory for packages
|Directory for web pages
|springappwarjsp (JSP pages here)
|Directory for configuration files
|warWEB-INF (xml configuration files here)
|Directory for jars
|warWEB-INFlib (all the required jar files will reside here)
4. Copy and paste.
Copy all the required jar files as mentioned above in Step #1 and paste them under the 'warWEB-INFlib' directory. Figure 5 shows my environment with all the jars that are required for this application.
5. Get the build properties.
Click here to get the build.properties and build.xml files and place these under the root directory "springapp". Edit the build.properties file according to your Tomcat environment. Modify the Tomcat location, url, manager id, and password as needed.
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The Royal Society of Edinburgh
Knowledge made useful
The RSE, Scotland's National Academy, contributes to the social, cultural and economic wellbeing of Scotland through the advancement of learning and useful knowledge.
ReSourcE Magazine — Autumn 2019
Out now! Issue 62 of our newsletter, ReSourcE Autumn 2019Read here
We support world-class research to enhance capacity and realise benefit for Scotland and its people.
Venue Hire
Combining elegance and modern equipment, our rooms offer the perfect location for any event.
We host an events programme which covers a wide range of topics across the full academic spectrum.
RSE Energy Inquiry
Scotland's Energy Future
The RSE's Energy Inquiry aims to contribute to the important debate around Scotland's energy supply, demand and use; a debate that needs to recognise our moral and environmental responsibilities. It will also look to inform the policy and decision-making at a Scottish, UK and international level that will ultimately decide whether the path Scotland chooses to follow provides the resources needed at acceptable financial, moral, ethical and environmental costs.
Evidence Gathering
The Energy Inquiry Call for Evidence seeks to gather answers to 15 questions across a broad range of energy issues, including the energy landscape, climate change, the energy mix, and ethics, social issues and impact on communities. Find out more about how to submit evidence and our planned outreach events here.
News & Events
As the Committee undertakes this project – gathering evidence, meeting stakeholders, and producing its final report – you can keep up-to-date with all of its work, outreach efforts, and meetings here.


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What is "adequate yearly progress"? How does measuring it help to improve schools?
No Child Left Behind requires each state to define adequate yearly progress (AYP) for school districts and schools, within the parameters set by NCLB. In defining AYP, each state sets the minimum levels of improvement--measurable in terms of student performance--that school districts and schools must achieve within time frames specified in the law. In general, it works like this: Each state begins by setting a starting point that is based on the performance of its lowest-achieving demographic group or of the lowest-achieving schools in the state, whichever is higher. The state then sets the level of student achievement that a school must attain in order to make AYP. Subsequent thresholds must increase at least once every three years, until, at the end of 12 years, all students in the state are achieving at the proficient level on state assessments in reading and language arts, math and science.
English Language Learners: For newly arrived, first-year English language learners (ELL), states may, but are not required to, include results from the math and, if given, reading and language arts content assessments in adequate yearly progress(AYP) calculations. Either way, students taking both the math and English language proficiency (ELP) assessment would count toward the NCLB requirement that 95 percent of all students participate in the state assessments. Schools and districts can also get credit for ELL students who have attained English language proficiency as part of the ELL subgroup for up to two additional years after they have become English proficient. This way, schools are not penalized for doing an excellent job helping students become proficient in English. For more information go to www.ed.gov/nclb/accountability/schools/factsheet-english.html.
Students With Disabilities: When measuring AYP, states and school districts have the flexibility to count the "proficient" (passing) scores of students with the most significant cognitive disabilities who take alternate assessments based on alternate achievement standards--as long as the number of those proficient scores does not exceed 1 percent of all students in the grades assessed, which amounts to about 9 percent of students with disabilities. (The 1 percent cap is based on current incidence rates of students with the most significant cognitive disabilities, allowing for reasonable local variation in prevalence.) For more information, visit www.ed.gov/nclb/freedom/local/specedfactsheet.html.
Uniform Averaging Procedure: States have the opportunity to determine how many years of data will be used to make an adequate yearly progress (AYP) determination. States may use one, two or three years of data in calculating AYP. Further, states have the latitude to compare one year of data to two or three years of data in making final AYP determinations. This flexibility enables a state to give schools the benefit of recent improvements (with one year of data) or limit the effect of poor achievement in one year (with two or three years of data). In addition, states can apply this averaging procedure to their 95 percent testing requirement. For more information, visit www.ed.gov/news/pressreleases/2004/03/03292004.html.
What happens when a school does not make adequate yearly progress (AYP)?
When a school does not make AYP for two consecutive years, it is identified as in need of improvement. States and districts must provide resources and assistance to support it in making meaningful changes that will improve its performance. Title I funds are set aside by state to use specifically for these schools. No Child Left Behind lays out an action plan and timetable for steps to be taken when a Title I school does not improve, as follows:
- Second Year: A Title I school that has not made AYP, as defined by the state, for two consecutive school years will be identified by the district as needing improvement before the beginning of the next school year. School officials will develop a two-year plan to turn around the school. The district will ensure that the school receives needed technical assistance as it develops and implements its improvement plan. Students must be offered the option of transferring to another public school in the district--which may include a public charter school--that has not been identified as needing school improvement.
- Third Year: If the school does not make AYP for three years, the school remains in school-improvement status, and the district must continue to offer public school choice to all students. In addition, students from low-income families are eligible to receive supplemental educational services, such as tutoring or remedial classes, from a provider who is approved by the state and selected by parents.
- Fourth Year: If the school does not make AYP for four years, the district must implement certain corrective actions to improve the school, such as replacing certain staff or fully implementing a new curriculum, while continuing to offer public school choice for all, as well as supplemental educational services for low-income students.
- Fifth Year: If the school does not make AYP for a fifth year, the district must initiate plans for restructuring the school. This may include reopening the school as a charter school, replacing all or most of the school staff, or turning over school operations either to the state or to a private company with a demonstrated record of effectiveness.
Teachers may go to www.ed.gov/admins/lead/improve/sigwebcast.html, to view a webcast on school and district improvement.
How are teachers or schools that raise student achievement rewarded?
No Child Left Behind requires states to provide state academic achievement awards to schools that close achievement gaps between groups of students or that exceed academic achievement goals. States may also financially reward teachers in schools that receive academic achievement awards. In addition, states must designate as "distinguished" schools that have made the greatest gains in closing the achievement gap or in exceeding achievement goals.


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Responding to the publication of the Principles for the Treatment of Independent Scientific Advice by the Government, Dr Evan Harris MP, Liberal Democrat Science spokesman and a leading voice in the campaign to protect independent science advice, said:
"This document imposes a brand new and nebulous requirement on scientific advisers to "maintain the trust" of politicians, and they can sanctioned on this alone regardless of whether they have abided by their pre-existing detailed Code of Practice. This will be unacceptable to those in the science community who recognise the need to protect scientific advisers from the fickle whims of political prejudice."
"The imposition of these principles by the Government is worse than the previous situation, where the Code of Practice governed the activities of advisers. Under these new principles another incident like the sacking of Professor David Nutt by the Home Secretary, which was criticised at the time by the Science Minister, will be entirely within the Government's new rules."
"The Science community must resist these principles and should refuse to serve under them."
1) Reference to academic freedom
"Government should respect and value the academic freedom…. of its independent scientific advisers"
While this is included, it is weaker than the original "The Government should protect or safeguard academic freedom".
2) The Government document includes the principle that;
"Government and it scientific advisers should not act to undermine mutual trust".
Breach of this will be grounds for sanction and the document makes very clear that this is independent any breach of Code of Practice for Scientific Advisory Committees (CoPSAC) ("Applying the principles: The matter will be examined against a clear set of criteria, which include a breach of the Principles or CoPSAC.")
The problems are that
a) Trust by a minister in an adviser is a subjective, and inherently un-measurable, matter. This means Independent Scientific Advisers (ISAs) are immediately under pressure to be in favour with the minister otherwise they face sanction under the "trust" provisions.
b) There is no point in having an extensive Code of Practice agreed after consultation with ISAs if that is usurped by a new nebulous injunction, not to lose the trust of a politician. This essentially places the fate of the adviser in the hands of the media or political advisers to a minister.
3) There is a brand new principle
"Chairs of Scientific Advisory Committees and Councils have a particular responsibility to maintain open lines of communication with their sponsor department and its Ministers".
· The duties of Chairs of Scientific Advisory Committees (SACs) are set out clearly in CoPSAC. This is not among them. So this represents a brand new revision to CoPSAC which has not been the subject of consultation.
· It is again nebulous, undefined and impossible to measure and will allow Chairs of SACs to be sanctioned without knowing that they are doing anything wrong.
· The spirit of the Phillips Report is that Chairs of SACs must be especially free from political pressure and be able to "speak truth to power".
· This is a principle which applies exclusively to advisers even though the Principles was envisaged as a document that would apply to Government, and be a reciprocation of CoPSAC.
4) The section "Applying the Principles" includes
"Government departments and their independent scientific advisers should raise issues of concern over the application of the Principles, or other guidance, with the relevant departmental Chief Scientific Adviser (CSA). If the matter of concern cannot be effectively resolved or is especially serious CSAs should approach the Government Chief Scientific Adviser (GCSA) and Ministers should approach the GCSA and the Minister for Science."
So ISAs themselves can not approach the GCSA even if they are complaining about the CSA.
5) The section "Applying the Principles" includes
"the matter will be examined against a clear set of criteria, which include a breach of the Principles or CoPSAC".
This makes clear that sanctions can be applied for an alleged breach of the principles even when there has been no breach of the Code of Practice. There is little point of having a Code of Practice if it is not exhaustive. The Principles – in the matter of not acting to undermine trust – are not a clear set of criteria, nor is the requirement on Chairs to maintain open lines of communication with Government.
6) The Government appears to have reneged on their promise to enshrine the ministerial duties and responsibilities within these Principles into the Ministerial Code.
This was a recommendation of the Science and Technology Select Committee, appeared to have been accepted by the Government but is not mentioned in the Principles or the accompanying description


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Funniest VMA Memes: Miley Cyrus Edition
Somewhere in America, Miley Cyrus needs to stop twerking.
The ambassador of the white chick's twerk team wore an interesting hairdo and outfit to match her jaw-dropping performance that had daddy's all over the world cringing.
While the world watched in pain as she shook what little her mom gave her, the memes began to be generated. From a Cynthia doll to the Smith's reaction take a look at the funniest memes from her Hannah Montana's disturbing actions.


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The Nomo Diaries
Hi, I'm Conor and I'm a nomophobe
- "Cuz, I think I've got severe nomophobia!!"
- "Ha, told you, freak"
Thus started the recent conversation between myself my cousin, Patrick. He had been insisting to me for years that nomophobia was a 'thing' and it existed, which usually got a derisory retort from me ("Phoney, modern crap" to be precise).
So what is nomophobia? Well, at it's simplest, it's the fear surrounding the loss or impairment of your mobile phone. Or, to give it's official definition...
The Four Fears of Nomophobia
Do you have nomophobia?
Sure, sure, we know you don't fear your phone. You're totally normal. You control your phone, not the other way round. Rrrrriiiiiiigghhht!!!
That's exactly what Conor thought until he had his Chief Brody moment. READ MORE...
So, we've developed a break-through online test to help people like you diagnose your nomophobic tendencies. **
Help is at hand: click the button below! Muuwhahaha!!!!
** Nomophobia tests developed by top scientists from the University of Sub-Saharan Antartica*** exclusively for nomophobia.com.
*** (Department of Penguin Sociology & Linguistics)


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Wait, I know exactly where and when.
Over at my new blog, just as soon as you click this link.
Yes that's right, this blog is deprecated, or at very least on permanent hiatus. So please do drop by my new cyber-digs and say hello.
Pull it. You know you want to.
Wait, I know exactly where and when.
Over at my new blog, just as soon as you click this link.
Yes that's right, this blog is deprecated, or at very least on permanent hiatus. So please do drop by my new cyber-digs and say hello.
Posted in Music.
Comments Off on "We'll meet again, don't know where, don't know when"
– 2012.12.11
…'cause now we have a shot of getting the hell off this rock. Scientists have confirmed discovery a rocky planet it the habitable zone of its star. (Wired link | Link to paper on Arxiv.org)
The planet, Gliese 581g, is a tantalizingly close 20 light years. Not close enough for a one-lifetime trek with today's technologies, but certainly doable with some advances in propulsion and life support, volunteers willing to never see the other side, and a hell of a lot of luck.
Long story short, it's now conceivable that Homo sapiens sapiens could become a multi-star-system species. How fucking awesome is that?
Rhetorical question. Very fucking awesome.
Posted in Science/Tech.
– 2010.09.29
by A. E. Housman
Be still, my soul, be still; the arms you bear are brittle,
Earth and high heaven are fixt of old and founded strong.
Think rather, — call to thought, if now you grieve a little,
The days when we had rest, O soul, for they were long.
Men loved unkindness then, but lightless in the quarry
I slept and saw not; tears fell down, I did not mourn;
Sweat ran and blood sprang out and I was never sorry:
Then it was well with me, in days ere I was born.
Now, and I muse for why and never find the reason,
I pace the earth, and drink the air, and feel the sun.
Be still, be still, my soul; it is but for a season:
Let us endure an hour and see injustice done.
Ay, look: high heaven and earth ail from the prime foundation;
All thoughts to rive the heart are here, and all are vain:
Horror and scorn and hate and fear and indignation —
Oh why did I awake? when shall I sleep again?
Posted in Art.
Comments Off on "Be still, my soul, be still; the arms you bear are brittle"
– 2010.09.24
…when the man slaps you down in prose, you damn well stay down.
Purveyor of Blue Pocohontas in the Skyrealms of Jorune is right. Won't somebody please think of the dignity of highly profitable commodities?
That right there? Proper scathing, that is.
Posted in Misc.
– 2010.09.12
One more thing to love about the future are its rich veins of pure irony. Case in point, the following popped up in my RSS reader this morning:
(Click for full-size.)
Posted in Uncategorized.
Comments Off on Google Ads Irony
– 2010.08.04
I'm about as certain an opponent of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq as one can find. Coalition forces shouldn't be in either country, and the sooner we can safely withdraw troops, the better. In the meantime, however, it would do everyone some good if folks on the home front were reminded that these wars are, in fact, actual wars.
Case in point: a member of the British military recently cut the head off of a Taliban warlord and brought it back to his superiors. He did this not out of bloodlust or to take a trophy, but for the very sensible reason that he'd been asked to find this man, kill him, and provide proof of a positive ID. Taking the head was not an act of barbarism, but rather an expedient way for the soldier to provide that ID.
People are apparently upset about this. They say that it's disrespectful to the Muslim Taliban. The same sort of people who have no problem "supporting the troops" as they get sent to the third world to get shot at apparently have an issue with it when those troops do the mission they were sent there to do. I would have thought that this was hypocrisy, but apparently the term for it these days is "cultural sensitivity".
For those people, I believe that the definitive response re: the head-lopping Gurkha can be found here.
Take home quote:
Put another way: If you're going to support sending your countrymen off to war, don't be surprised when you find that they're engaged in warfare. If this idea disturbs you, then do whatever it takes to make sure they don't get sent off to war in the first place.
Posted in Politics.
Comments Off on Well sure, kill them, but don't be mean about it.
– 2010.07.29
Science is turning Authoritarian!
Or, at least, that's what Kenneth P. Green and Hiwa Alaghebandian of the American Enterprise Institute want us to think. See, they did some research into how science is talked about in news sources. They conducted an experiment, which ran roughly as follows:
1.) They picked a bunch of "Authoritarian" sounding phrases.
2.) They counted up how often those phrases appeared in Lexis Nexis by year.
3.) Then they made a pretty graph.
No, seriously, that was about the extent of their argument:
To see if our suspicions were correct, we decided to do a bit of informal research, checking Lexis Nexis for growth in the use of what we would categorize as "authoritarian" phrasing when it comes to scientific findings. We searched Nexis for the following phrases to see how their use has changed over the last 30 years: "science says we must," "science says we should," "science tells us we must," "science tells us we should," "science commands," "science requires," "science dictates," and "science compels."
There are a few problems with this "research". (To be fair, they did admit that it was "informal", but that didn't stop them from drawing some far-reaching conclusions from it.) The main one, however, is that the thing they are measuring isn't correlated with what they're trying to prove. They're measuring number of references of certain "authoritarian" phrases as a function of time, but they're trying to prove that the way science is talked about is changing. All that the authors really succeeded in proving is that science is being talked about more
The problem is that the number of references of these "authoritarian" phrases is not an independent variable. It is, in fact, linked very closely with another important number that the authors entirely ignore: the amount of text in Lexus Nexus by year. Sure, there are more mentions of the phrases the researchers chose now than their were 30 years ago. But I'm pretty sure that that's true of any reasonably common, generic phrase.
I'm sure the number of times that the phrases "the investigation is ongoing" and "alcohol may have been involved" have also increased in the past three decades. Does that mean that investigations or alcohol consumption have suddenly skyrocketed? No. It means that people are writing a hell of a lot more for a wide variety of reasons. (I'm reasonably sure it's significant that the start of the positive trend in the number of references correlates roughly with the rise of the Internet and the World Wide Web.)
In order for their numbers to mean something even close to what the authors claim they do, they would need to be measuring something like "authoritarian references per column inch" or "authoritarian references per article". Something that gives us a sense of the "density" of references in the larger (and changing) volume of media. Unless they can provide such a "density" style measure, we really don't know if the tone of scientific discourse is changing (to be fair, it might be) or if people are writing more, or writing about science more, or if Lexus Nexus is just covers more sources for recent years than for previous ones, etc.
Now, to be fair to the authors, their argument might be entirely true. If it is, then their research is insufficient to show that. To be honest, I imagine that the way science is covered by the media probably has changed quite a bit in the past 30 years. I do genuinely think that part of that change revolves around writers trying to cast descriptive science in a proscriptive fashion. But if we're going to try to reform the way in which science is seen by both the media and the public, it behooves us to be accurate in both our experiments (informal or no) and also our arguments.
Posted in Science/Tech.
Comments Off on Holy Jackbooted Beakers, Batman!
– 2010.07.28
By way of Let A Thousand Nations Bloom comes this interesting SF Gate article by Paul Saffo on why the San Francisco Bay Area needs to act more like a city-state. One very interesting fact grabbed me:
If the Bay Area were to secede from California, it would instantly become the world's 25th largest economy, ahead of Austria, Taiwan, Greece and Denmark.
I've been thinking a lot lately about Alpha Cities and the ways in which certain metropolises affect not only their region or nation, but the entire globe. San Francisco is, economically speaking, a more important global player than many EU or Asian powers. Yet it would be strange to hear talk of San Francisco's economic or fiscal policies in the World News. This, to me, seems like the interesting contra-positive to the U. N. Fallacy. Namely, the role of alpha cities on the world stage is downplayed simply because they aren't recognized as nation-states, despite the fact that many have a far bigger impact on international affairs than do most U.N. nations.
In addition to the underplayed economic effects of alpha cities, there are interesting political concerns that again get short shrift. It seems to me that, as Saffo touches on in his article, cities are increasingly requiring a level of political autonomy that participation in a larger nation might not afford them. (It's certainly a strange nation, after all, that can simultaneously support San Francisco, Dallas, and Cleveland without severe social and political dissonance.) Furthermore, the increasing trends of globalization and the rapid growth of communications networks are meaning the centralized governments are required less now than they ever have been before. There's a very real sense in which centralized national power was useful (in part) because it provided a single point of contact between large groups of people. Nation states were useful because they were the only way to create global communities and for disparate peoples to interact, relate, and trade.
Such really isn't the case anymore. Globalization means that the graph of international relation is getting more connected, meaning that it's no longer necessary to go through centralized choke-points to get things done. Increasingly, governments are bottlenecks to, rather than facilitators of, international trade and relations. They are out of touch, inefficient, and slow to respond, and getting more so with every passing year. Local governments, however, are better in all three of these regards. They have a better sense of the needs and wills of their constituents, their inefficiencies are smaller in scale, and they are smaller and more agile, and thus able to better respond to changing environments.
In short, IF we are to have governments, then I think that local ones would be preferable. This is partly due to the fact that they are better equipped to deal with the demands of a populace that are both globally influential and increasingly globally connected. The San Franciscos of the world might well be better off on their own.
Posted in Politics.
– 2010.07.18
Grinding away at work. Build box is doing its thing for about the 20th time tonight. So in the spirit of "this added some levity to a night otherwise full of suck", I present you a random drunkard trying to pronounce the names of various automobile companies:
Posted in Misc.
Comments Off on Saab. Saab. Saab.
– 2010.07.15
Hey, just wanted to post a quick follow up to my post on Sugru. Pete, in comments, points to the fact that it's now on sale again. I will definitely be getting some. Hackers of all kinds and stripes should hie themselves to the Sugru site and do similarly.
Posted in Cool Stuff.
Comments Off on Sugru for you!
– 2010.07.13


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Hi I'm Jimmy DiResta, and I make things.
My goal is to educate, entertain and inspire. You can watch me make things, and become inspired to make your own things.
Check out my Youtube Channel.
Check out my shop, friends have helped me create some branded merchandise and tools that you can use in your shop.
I have always enjoyed finding a common goal with brands I like. Brands give me the freedom to try things that I wouldn't normally be able to do. Here are some brands that I am proud to have been able to work with.
From Amazon:
Jimmy DiResta has made a name for himself with his inventiveness and workshop skills, creating dozens of projects for YouTube videos and television shows such as Hammered and Against the Grain on the DIY network. In Make: Workshop Mastery With Jimmy DiResta, Jimmy and co-author John Baichtal teach readers essential workshop skills with over a dozen projects that explore everything from mold-making to CNC routing on to metalsmithing.Projects in this book include:
This is a series of tips videos that I made to share some of the things that I have learned along the way.
I really like hacking guitars, making something new from something that is already finished. I get my balance of praise and hate mail from my work with these instruments.
VH1 Summer Awards.


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Vaccines do not cause autism. That was the ruling in each of three critical test cases handed down on February 12 by the U.S. Court of Federal Claims in Washington, D.C. After a decade of speculation, argument, and analysis—often filled with vitriol on both sides—the court specifically denied any link between the combination of the MMR vaccine and vaccines with thimerosal (a mercury-based preservative) and the spectrum of disorders associated with autism. But these rulings, though seemingly definitive, have done little to quell the angry debate, which has severe implications for American public health.
The idea that there is something wrong with our vaccines—that they have poisoned a generation of kids, driving an "epidemic" of autism—continues to be everywhere: on cable news, in celebrity magazines, on blogs, and in health news stories. It has had a particularly strong life on the Internet, including the heavily trafficked Huffington Post, and in pop culture, where it is supported by actors including Charlie Sheen and Jim Carrey, former Playboy playmate Jenny McCarthy, and numerous others. Despite repeated rejection by the scientific community, it has spawned a movement, led to thousands of legal claims, and even triggered occasional harassment and threats against scientists whose research appears to discredit it.
You can see where the emotion and sentiment come from. Autism can be a terrible condition, devastating to families. It can leave parents not only aggrieved but desperate to find any cure, any salvation. Medical services and behavioral therapy for severely autistic children can cost more than $100,000 a year, and these children often exhibit extremely difficult behavior. Moreover, the incidence of autism is apparently rising rapidly. Today one in every 150 children has been diagnosed on the autism spectrum; 20 years ago that statistic was one in 10,000. "Put yourself in the shoes of these parents," says journalist David Kirby, whose best-selling 2005 book, Evidence of Harm, dramatized the vaccine-autism movement. "They have perfectly normal kids who are walking and happy and everything—and then they regress." The irony is that vaccine skepticism—not the vaccines themselves—is now looking like the true public-health threat.
The decadelong vaccine-autism saga began in 1998, when British gastroenterologist Andrew Wakefield and his colleagues published evidence in The Lancet suggesting they had tracked down a shocking cause of autism. Examining the digestive tracts of 12 children with behavioral disorders, nine of them autistic, the researchers found intestinal inflammation, which they pinned on the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. Wakefield had a specific theory of how the MMR shot could trigger autism: The upset intestines, he conjectured, let toxins loose in the bloodstream, which then traveled to the brain. The vaccine was, in this view, effectively a poison. In a dramatic press conference, Wakefield announced the findings and sparked an instant media frenzy. For the British public, a retreat from the use of the MMR vaccine—and a rise in the incidence of measles—began.
In the United States, meanwhile, fears would soon arise concerning another means by which vaccines might induce autism. Many vaccines at the time contained thimerosal, a preservative introduced in the 1930s to make vaccines safer by preventing bacterial contamination. But thimerosal is 50 percent mercury by weight, and mercury is known to be a potent neurotoxin, at least in large doses. In 1999 new federal safety guidelines for mercury in fish stirred concerns about vaccines as well.
The U.S. government responded by ordering that thimerosal be removed from all vaccines administered to children under age 6, or reduced to trace amounts. (Some inactivated influenza vaccines were exempted.) The step was described as a "precautionary" measure. There was no proof of harm, government researchers said, just reason to worry that there might be. Meanwhile, scientists launched numerous studies to determine whether thimerosal had actually caused an autism epidemic, while some parents and their lawyers started pointing fingers and developing legal cases.
Within weeks of this year's federal court decisions—which examined and vindicated both the MMR vaccine and thimerosal—environmental lawyer Robert F. Kennedy Jr. wrote a column in The Huffington Post in which he continued to press his case that the government has peddled unsafe vaccines to an unsuspecting public. It is a cause he has championed since 2005, when he published "Deadly Immunity" in Rolling Stone and Salon magazines. The article was a no-holds-barred denunciation of the U.S. public-health establishment, purporting to tell the story of how "government health agencies colluded with Big Pharma to hide the risks of thimerosal from the public…a chilling case study of institutional arrogance, power, and greed." Half a decade after the original thimerosal concerns were first raised, Kennedy claimed to have found the smoking gun: the transcript of a "secret" 2000 meeting of government, pharmaceutical, and independent researchers with expertise in vaccines. Kennedy's conclusion: The generational catastrophe was real; our kids had been poisoned. If true, it would be perhaps the greatest biomedical catastrophe in modern history.
But for Kennedy to be right, a growing consensus in the medical establishment had to be wrong. Indeed, Kennedy blasted a leading organ of science that had just vindicated both the MMR vaccine and thimerosal, the Institute of Medicine (IOM). "The CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] paid the Institute of Medicine to conduct a new study to whitewash the risks of thimerosal," Kennedy wrote, "ordering researchers to 'rule out' the chemical's link to autism." In reality, the IOM—a branch of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), the government's top independent scientific adviser—carefully creates firewalls between the funding it receives to conduct scientific assessments and the results it ultimately produces. "Funders don't control the composition of the committee, and they don't meet with the committee," says Harvard public-health researcher Marie McCormick, who chaired the IOM vaccine-safety committee in question. "And on no NAS or IOM committee are the members paid; they all work pro bono. There's no reason for them not to look at the data."
The same year Kennedy's article came out, journalist David Kirby published Evidence of Harm—Mercury in Vaccines and the Autism Epidemic: A Medical Controversy. He followed a group of parents from the Coalition for SafeMinds, an autism activist organization. They had grown convinced that vaccines and other environmental factors had caused their children's conditions. Kirby's chronicle of the parents' efforts to publicize the dangers of vaccines became a best seller and greatly advanced SafeMinds' cause.
Yet even as vaccine hysteria reached a fever pitch in the wake of Kennedy's and Kirby's writings, the scientific evidence was leaning strongly in the other direction. In discounting the dangers of both the MMR vaccine and thimerosal, the IOM had multiple large epidemiological studies to rely on. For MMR, the IOM examined 16 studies. All but two, which were dismissed because of "serious methodological flaws," showed no evidence of a link. For thimerosal, the IOM looked at five studies, examining populations in Sweden, Denmark, the United Kingdom, and the United States (studies that vaccine critics contend were flawed). Since then, further research has strengthened and vindicated the committee's original conclusion. It is a conclusion that has been "independently reached by scientific and professional committees around the world," as a recent science journal commentary noted. Either the scientific community has found a clear, reassuring answer to the questions raised about thimerosal in vaccines, or there is a global scientific conspiracy to bury the truth.
Whether the public is hearing the scientific community's answer is another matter. "It's not hard to scare people," says pediatrician and leading vaccine advocate Paul Offit, who himself coinvented a vaccine. "But it's extremely difficult to unscare them."
A backlash against vaccine skeptics is beginning to mount. Standing up to fellow celebrities, actress Amanda Peet, who recently vaccinated her baby daughter, has become a spokeswoman for the pro-vaccine group Every Child by Two. Offit's book Autism's False Prophets has further galvanized vaccine defenders—not only by debunking the science of those who claim vaccines are dangerous but also by contending that the parents of autistic children and the children themselves are indeed victims, not of vaccines but of medical misinformation.
The provaccine case starts with some undeniable facts: Vaccines are, as the IOM puts it, "one of the greatest achievements of public health." The CDC estimates that thanks to vaccines, we have reduced morbidity by 99 percent or more for smallpox, diphtheria, measles, polio, and rubella. Averaged over the course of the 20th century, these five diseases killed nearly 650,000 people annually. They now kill fewer than 100. That is not to say vaccines are perfectly safe; in rare cases they can cause serious, well-known adverse side effects. But what researchers consider unequivocally unsafe is to avoid them. As scientists at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health recently found while investigating whooping cough outbreaks in and around Michigan, "geographic pockets of vaccine exemptors pose a risk to the whole community."
When it comes to autism, vaccine defenders make two central claims. First, the condition is likely to be mostly genetic rather than environmentally caused; and second, there are reasons to doubt whether there is really a rising autism epidemic at all.
It is misleading to think of autism as a single disorder. Rather, it is a spectrum of disorders showing great variability in symptoms and expression but fundamentally characterized by failed social development, inability to communicate, and obsessive repetitive behavior. Autism generally appears in children at early ages, sometimes suddenly, and its genetic component has long been recognized. Studies have shown that if one identical twin has autism, there is at least a 60 percent chance that the other also does. "From my point of view, it's a condition associated with genetic defects and developmental biology problems," says Peter Hotez, a George Washington University microbiologist and father of an autistic child. Hotez, who is also president of the Sabin Vaccine Institute, says, "I don't think it's possible to explain on the basis of any vaccine toxin that is acquired after the baby is born." Still, scientists cannot fully rule out environmental triggers—including various types of toxicity—that might interact with a given individual's preexisting genetic inclination. Autism is a complex disorder with multiple forms of expression and potentially multiple types of causation that are incompletely understood.
As for whether autism is rising, a number of experts say it is hard to know. Is the increase real, or is it largely the result of more attention to the condition, an expansion of the autism spectrum to embrace many different heterogeneous disorders, a new focus on children classified as autistic in federal special education programs during the 1990s, and other factors? It could be some combination of all these things.
But if environmental triggers of autism cannot be ruled out, the idea that those triggers can be found in the MMR vaccine or in thimerosal has crumbled under the weight of scientific refutation. Epidemiological studies have cast grave doubt on Andrew Wakefield's MMR hypothesis—and so have subsequent scandals. Nearly all of Wakefield's coauthors have since retracted the autism implications of their work; The Lancet has also backed away from the study. A series of investigative stories published in The Times of London unearthed Wakefield's undisclosed ties to vaccine litigation in the U.K. and, more recently, suggested he fabricated his data (which Wakefield denies).
As for thimerosal, government precautions notwithstanding, it was never clear how threatening it might be. The federal mercury standards that first heightened concern were developed for methylmercury, not ethylmercury, the form contained in thimerosal. Ethylmercury has less risk of accumulating to a toxic dose because it does not last as long in the body. And, according to the IOM's 2004 report, there had never been any evidence of a major incident of mercury poisoning leading to autism.
The strongest argument against the idea that thimerosal poisoned a generation of children does not emerge from the body of published studies alone. There is the added detail that although thimerosal is no longer present in any recommended childhood vaccines save the inactivated influenza vaccine—and hasn't been, beyond trace amounts, since 2001—no one is hailing the end of autism. "If you thought thimerosal was related to autism, then the incidence of autism should have gone down," Harvard's McCormick explains. "And it hasn't."
In 2005 David Kirby stated that if autism rates didn't begin to decline by 2007, "that would deal a severe blow to the autism-thimerosal hypothesis." But as McCormick notes, despite the absence of thimerosal in vaccines, reports of autism cases have not fallen. In a 2008 study published in Archives of General Psychiatry, two researchers studying a California Department of Developmental Services database found that the prevalence of autism had actually continued increasing among the young. Kirby concedes that these findings about the California database represent a "pretty serious blow to the thimerosal-causes-autism hypothesis," though he does not think they thoroughly bury it. In an interview, he outlined many problems with relying on the California database, suggesting potential confounding factors such as the state's high level of immigration. "Look, I understand the desire to try to end this and not scare parents away from vaccination," Kirby says. "But I also feel that sometimes that desire to prove or disprove blinds people on both sides."
Kirby says—and even some vaccine defenders agree—that some small subgroup of children might have a particular vulnerability to vaccines and yet be missed by epidemiological studies. But the two sides disagree as to the possible size of that group. "If one or two or three children every year are getting autism from vaccines, you would never pick that up," Offit says. Kirby, in contrast, feels that while the idea of thimerosal as the "one and only cause of autism has gone out the window," he still believes there is an "epidemic" with many environmental triggers and with thimerosal as a possible contributing factor.
Meanwhile, in the face of powerful evidence against two of its strongest initial hypotheses—concerning MMR and thimerosal—the vaccine skeptic movement is morphing before our eyes. Advocates have begun moving the goalposts, now claiming, for instance, that the childhood vaccination schedule hits kids with too many vaccines at once, overwhelming their immune systems. Jenny McCarthy wants to "green our vaccines," pointing to many other alleged toxins that they contain. "I think it's definitely a response to the science, which has consistently shown no correlation," says David Gorski, a cancer surgeon funded by the National Institutes of Health who in his spare time blogs at Respectful Insolence, a top medical blog known for its provaccine stance. A hardening of antivaccine attitudes, mixed with the despair experienced by families living under the strain of autism, has heightened the debate—sometimes leading to blowback against scientific researchers.
Paul Shattuck did not set out to enrage vaccine skeptics and the parents of autistic children. Currently an assistant professor at the George Warren Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis, he has dedicated the last decade of his professional life to helping people with autism in their families. "Some of my dearest friends have kids with autism," he says.
But in 2006 Shattuck came under fire after he published an article in the journal Pediatrics questioning the existence of an autism epidemic. No one doubts that since the early 1990s the number of children diagnosed with autism has dramatically increased, a trend reflected in U.S. special education programs, where children enrolled as autistic grew from 22,445 in 1994–1995 to 140,254 in 2003–2004. Yet Shattuck's study found reasons to doubt that these numbers were proof of an epidemic. Instead, he suggested that "diagnostic substitution"—in which children who previously would have been classified as mentally retarded or learning disabled were now being classified on the autism spectrum—played a significant role in the apparent increase.
Shattuck did not reject the idea that rising autism levels might be in part due to environmental causes; he merely showed the increase was largely an artifact of changing diagnostic practices, which themselves had been enabled by rising levels of attention to autism and its listing as a diagnostic category in special education. Yet simply by questioning autism epidemic claims in a prominent journal, he became a target. "People were obviously Googling me and tracking me down," he recalls. Shattuck emphasizes that most e-mails and calls merely delivered "heartfelt pleas from people with very sick kids who've been led to believe a particular theory of etiology." The bulk weren't menacing, but a few certainly were.
Others attacked Shattuck's research on the Web and insinuated that he had fabricated his data or committed scientific misconduct. "It was dismaying to feel like people were calling me a traitor to autistic kids and families," he says.
"If there has been a more harmful urban legend circulating in our society than the vaccine-autism link," University of Pennsylvania bioethicist Arthur Caplan wrote in The Philadelphia Inquirer, "it's hard to know what it might be." One type of harm, as Shattuck's story shows, is to individual scientists and the scientific process. There is a real risk that necessary research is being held back as scientists fear working in such a contested field. Shattuck's experience is not unique. Offit cannot go on a book tour to promote Autism's False Prophets because of the risk involved in making public appearances. He has received too many threats.
Yet another cost comes in the rush toward unproven, and potentially dangerous, alternative therapies to treat autism. It is easy to sympathize with parents of autistic children who desperately want to find a cure, but this has led to various pseudoremedies whose efficacy and safety have been challenged by science. These include facilitated communication, secretin infusion, chelation therapy (which involves pumping chemicals into the blood to bind with heavy metals such as mercury), and hormonal suppression. It is estimated that more than half of all children with autism are now using "complementary and alternative" treatments.
Disease, however, is the greatest danger associated with holding back vaccines amid the ongoing investigation of dubious claims. Both the vaccinated and the unvaccinated populations are placed at greater risk. Given enough vaccine exemptions and localized outbreaks, it is possible that largely vanquished diseases could become endemic again. (That is precisely what happened with measles in 2008 in the U.K., following the retreat from the MMR vaccine in the wake of the 1998 scare.) The public-health costs of such a development would be enormous—and they would not impact everyone equally. "If vaccine rates start to drop, who's going to get affected?" Peter Hotez asks. "It's going to be people who live in poor, crowded conditions. So it's going to affect the poorest people in our country."
Paradoxically, the great success of vaccines is a crucial reason why antivaccination sentiment has thrived, some scientists say. Most of the diseases that vaccines protect against have largely been licked. As a consequence, few people personally remember the devastation they can cause. So with less apparently on the line, it is easier to indulge in the seeming luxury of vaccine skepticism and avoidance. Even before the recent spike in attention to thimerosal, members of the public were alarmingly skeptical of vaccines. In a 1999 survey, 25 percent felt their children's immune systems could be harmed by too many vaccinations, and 23 percent shared the sentiment that children receive more vaccinations than are healthy. There is every reason to think that those numbers—gathered before the vaccine-autism controversy reached anything like its current intensity—have risen since.
In the United States, population pockets with low vaccination rates (such as in Boulder, Colorado, and Ashland, Oregon) have existed for some time, and the great fear among many governmental medical authorities is that high-profile claims about vaccine dangers will widen the phenomenon, with potentially disastrous consequences. Already, medical and religious vaccination exemptions are climbing: In New York State they totaled 4,037 in 2006, nearly twice as many as in 1999. In New Jersey they came to 1,923 in 2006 versus only 727 in 1990. It is not just exemptors: The far larger concern, according to McCormick and others, is those parents referred to as "vaccine hesitaters." They have heard all the noise about vaccines and will probably get their children shots because they feel they have to, but their skepticism is growing.
Offit points to still another threat: litigation. The wave of autism-related claims filed with the U.S. government's Vaccine Injury Compensation Program is unprecedented. Since 2001 autism claims have outnumbered nonautism cases almost four to one. Following the science, the court has now dismissed many of them, but there is the possibility that civil litigation will follow. "I still think it's going to be another 10 years before this really washes out in litigation," Offit says. If the legal atmosphere becomes too difficult for vaccine manufacturers, they could stop producing them or be forced out of business.
Ultimately, that is why the vaccine-autism saga is so troubling—and why it is so important to explore how science and so many citizens fell out of touch.
"It wouldn't have been possible without the Internet," says journalist Arthur Allen, who has covered the vaccine-autism story since 2002, when he wrote a high-profile New York Times Magazine article that took the thimerosal risk seriously. Over time Allen changed his mind, coming to reject the idea that vaccines are to blame. Still, he recognizes why it persists. "If people believe something happened to them, there are so many people on the Web you can find who believe the same thing." The Internet has become a haven for a number of autism support groups that continually reinforce the vaccine-autism argument. This has led to the radicalization of some elements who have denounced scientists as "vaccine barbarians," "pharmaceutical and medical killers," and so on. And after all we have heard about environmental and chemical risks—some accurate, some not—people are now easily persuaded about all manner of toxin dangers.
But if the Internet has made it easier for pockets of antiscience feeling to grow and flourish, scientific authorities also deserve some of the blame. "I don't think they woke up that this was a serious problem until maybe 2008," David Gorski says about the growing antivaccine sentiment. George Washington University's Hotez notes that "the office of the surgeon general, the secretary of Health and Human Services, and the head of the CDC have not been very vocal on this issue." True, the CDC, the Food and Drug Administration, and other governmental organizations feature accurate and up-to-date information about vaccine risks on their Web sites. But that is very different from launching a concerted communications campaign to ensure that the public retains faith in vaccination.
Some outspoken scientists may have actually increased the polarization on this issue. For example, calling those against vaccines "scientifically illiterate"—or, as CDC vaccine expert Stephen Cochi reportedly put it to one journalist, "junk scientists and charlatans"—may just lead to a further circling of the wagons.
The most promising approach to the vaccine-autism issue comes from the government itself. Consider the work of Roger Bernier, a CDC scientist who turned to emphasizing the public-engagement aspects of the vaccine problem after hearing one parent declare any new government research on the topic "dead on arrival." The central problem Bernier has confronted: how to deal with a situation in which so many parents are unswervingly convinced that their children have been harmed, in which they could be harming their children even more by using untested therapies, and in which dangerous misinformation abounds.
"There's no end to the kind of noise people can make about vaccines," he observes. "And so if you're in the vaccine community, what's the best approach to this? I don't think it is ignoring people." Instead, Bernier has headed up a series of award-winning projects that bring together average citizens with scientists and policymakers to reach joint recommendations on vaccines, holding public dialogues across the country to break down boundaries between the experts and everybody else, literally putting multiple perspectives around a table. His example suggests that while science's first and greatest triumph in this area was to develop vaccinations to control or eradicate many diseases, the challenge now—not yet achieved, and in some ways even more difficult—is to preserve public support for vaccine programs long after these scourges have largely vanished from our everyday lives.
"The problem is not only research," Bernier says. "The problem is trust."
Discover Magazine


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Science Magazine runs articles on IYA2009 Galilescope Cornerstone project
16 April 2010
ASTRONOMY EDUCATION: Telescopes for the People
By John Bohannon
The International Year of Astronomy 2009 has come and gone, and the Galileoscope project, one of the most ambitious parts of the global IYA campaign, was supposed to be wrapped up by now. The original goal was to put telescopes in the hands of the millions of people attending IYA events. But then the global financial crisis hit. The scientists on the team were forced to become instant entrepreneurs to keep the Galileoscope project alive. The ultimate aim of the IYA was "to help the citizens of the world rediscover their place in the universe." What better way to do that than give them their own telescopes?
Read more: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/328/5976/296-a
THE GONZO SCIENTIST: Galileo in Senegal
By John Bohannon
Read more: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/328/5976/296-b
Also: listen to John Bohannon's talking about telescopes in rural Senegal on the Science Podcast: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/328/5976/380-b
Search IYA2009 Updates
National Nodes: 148
Organisational Nodes: 40
Organisational Associates:33
National Websites: 111
Cornerstone Projects: 12
Special Task Groups: 11
Special Projects:16
Official Products:8
Media Partners:22


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I got to go on my first Shop Hop in central Wa. We visited 10 shops and got our pattern pieces from each one plus our little goodies bag from each one. Found some great fabric and won a prize in Almira. They called me this week and I won 3rd prize, $550 worth of gift certificates and merchandise. Could,nt believe I won! Met alot of great people and had a ball! Can't wait till next year!!!!!
Then at the Wenatchee Quilt Show I won 2nd place in the medium pieced quilts with my dog quilt. A Buggy Barn pattern that was so much fun to do. First time for doing that too. I'll try to post pics but you know me----I'm computer stupid. I shall try tho. Jan


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Basic Customizing in SAP EWM
- Solution:SAP SCM
Level:Details, Configuration & Transaction
- Configure and use major features of SAP Extended Warehouse Management
- Application Consultant
- Program / Project Manager
- System Architect
- EWM100Extended Warehouse Management Processes
Course based on software release
- SAP ERP 6.0 Enhancement Pack 7
- The Extended Warehouse Management (EWM) System Environment
- Outlining the Basics of EWM
- Integration
- Setting Up the Integration Between SAP ERP and SAP EWM
- Setting Up Delivery Document Integration
- Structural Elements and Master Data
- Creating Structural Elements in EWM
- Creating Storage Bins
- Creating Work Centers
- Transfering Master Data from ERP to EWM using the APO Core Interface
- Creating Warehouse Product Master Data
- Creating Packaging Specifications
- Warehouse Process Types
- Applying Warehouse Process Types
- Goods Receipt
- Outlining Goods Receipt Processes in EWM
- Setting Up Availability Groups for Inventory Management (IM)
- Configuring Direct Putaway
- Applying Putaway Rules
- Checking Capacities
- Goods Issue
- Outlining the Goods Issue Process in EWM
- Applying the Stock Removal Strategies
- Configuring Pick Denials
- Combining Items in Waves
- Implementing Two-Step Picking
- Storage Control
- Outlining Storage Control
- Configuring Process-Oriented Storage Control
- Configuring Layout-Oriented Storage Control
- Warehouse Order Creation
- Creating Warehouse Orders
- Posting Changes, Stock Transfers, and Replenishment
- Performing Posting Changes and Stock Transfers
- Performing Ad Hoc Movements and Replenishment
- Physical Inventory
- Outlining the Physical Inventory Process
- Setting Up the Procedures for Physical Inventory
- Slotting
- Configuring the Slotting Process
- Post Processing Framework (PPF)
- Outlining the Post Processing Framework
- Applying the Post Processing Framework in Delivery Processing
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