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The Yamal deception
As many readers are probably aware, there has been an important new posting at Climate Audit about the Yamal affair. This posting is an attempt to set out the whole story of Yamal. It reworks an article I did in 2009 and incorporates new developments since that time. I hope readers find it useful. I have also prepared a Kindle version of the post, for which there is a small charge - click here:
Please also consider hitting the tip jar.
The story of Michael Mann's Hockey Stick reconstruction, its statistical bias and the influence of the bristlecone pines is well known. Steve McIntyre's research into the other reconstructions of the temperatures of the last millennium has received less publicity, however. The story of the Yamal chronology may change that.
The bristlecone pines that created the shape of the Hockey Stick graph are used in nearly every millennial temperature reconstruction around today, but there are also a handful of other tree ring series that are nearly as common and just as influential on the results. Back at the start of McIntyre's research into the area of paleoclimate, one of the most significant of these was called Polar Urals, a chronology first published by Keith Briffa of the Climate Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia. At the time, it was used in pretty much every temperature reconstruction around. In his paper, Briffa made the startling claim that the coldest year of the millennium was AD 1032, a statement that, if true, would have completely overturned the idea of the Medieval Warm Period. It is not hard to see why paleoclimatologists found the series so alluring.
Yamal saves the day
Some of McIntyre's research into Polar Urals deserves a story in its own right, but it is one that will have to wait for another day. We can pick up the narrative again in 2005, when McIntyre discovered that an update to the Polar Urals series had been collected in 1999. Through a contact he was able to obtain a copy of the revised series. Remarkably, in the update the eleventh century appeared to be much warmer than in the original - in fact it was higher even than the twentieth century. This must have been a severe blow to paleoclimatologists, a supposition that is borne out by what happened next, or rather what didn't: the update to the Polar Urals was not published, it was not archived and it was almost never seen again.
With Polar Urals now unusable, paleclimatologists had a pressing need for a hockey stick shaped replacement and a solution appeared in the nick of time in the shape of a series from the nearby location of Yamal.
The Yamal data had been collected by a pair of Russian scientists, Hantemirov and Shiyatov, and was published in 2002. In their version of the data, Yamal had little by way of a twentieth century trend. Strangely though, Briffa's version, which had made it into print before even the Russians', was somewhat different. While it was very similar to the Russians' version for most of the length of the record, Briffa's verison had a sharp uptick at the end of the twentieth century -- another hockey stick, made almost to order to meet the requirements of the paleoclimate community. Certainly, after its first appearance in Briffa's 2000 paper in Quaternary Science Reviews, this version of Yamal was seized upon by climatologists, appearing again and again in temperature reconstructions; it became virtually ubiquitous in the field: apart from Briffa 2000, it also contributed to the reconstructions in Mann and Jones 2003, Jones and Mann 2004, Moberg et al 2005, D'Arrigo et al 2006, Osborn and Briffa 2006 and Hegerl et al 2007, among others.
The data is not free
When McIntyre started to look at the Osborn and Briffa paper in 2006, he quickly ran into the problem of the Yamal chronology: he needed to understand exactly how the difference between the Briffa and Hantemirov versions of Yamal had arisen. McIntyre therefore wrote to the Englishman asking for the original tree ring measurements involved. When Briffa refused, McIntyre wrote to Science, who had published the new paper, pointing out that, since it was now six years since Briffa had originally published his version of the chronology, there could be no reason for withholding the underlying data. After some deliberation, the editors at Science declined the request, deciding that Briffa did not have to publish anything more as he had merely re-used data from an earlier study. McIntyre should, they advised, approach the author of the earlier study, that author being, of course, Briffa himself. Wearily, McIntyre wrote to Briffa again, this time in his capacity as author of the original study in Quaternary Science Reviews and he was, as expected, turned down flat.
That was how the the investigation of the Yamal series stood for the next two years until, in July 2008, a new Briffa paper appeared in the pages of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, the Royal Society's journal for the biological sciences. The new paper discussed five Eurasian tree ring datasets, which, in fairly standard Hockey Team fashion, were unarchived and therefore not susceptible to detailed analysis. Among these five were Yamal and the equally notorious Tornetrask chronology. McIntyre observed that the only series with a strikingly anomalous twentieth century was Yamal. It was frustratingly therefore that he had still not managed to obtain Briffa's measurement data. It appeared that he was going to hit another dead end. However, in the comments to his article on the new paper, a possible way forward presented itself. A reader pointed out that the Royal Society had what appeared to be a fairly clear and robust policy on data availability:
As a condition of acceptance authors agree to honour any reasonable request by other researchers for materials, methods, or data necessary to verify the conclusion of the article...Supplementary data up to 10 Mb is placed on the Society's website free of charge and is publicly accessible. Large datasets must be deposited in a recognised public domain database by the author prior to submission. The accession number should be provided for inclusion in the published article.
Having had his requests rejected by every other journal he had approached, McIntyre had no great expectations that the Royal Society would be any different, but there was no harm in trying and he duly sent off an email pointing out that Briffa had failed to meet the Society's requirement of archiving his data prior to submission and that the editors had failed to check that Briffa had done so. The reply, to McIntyre's surprise, was very encouraging:
We take matters like this very seriously and I am sorry that this was not picked up in the publishing process.
Was the Royal Society, in a striking contrast to every other journal in the field, about to enforce its own data availability policy? Had Briffa made a fatal mistake?
Summer gave way to autumn and as October drew to a close, McIntyre had still heard nothing from the Royal Society. However, in response to some further enquiries, the journal sent McIntyre some more encouraging news -- Briffa would be producing most of his data, although not immediately. Most of it would be available by the end of the year, with the remainder to follow in early 2009.
Some Briffa data
The first batch of data appeared on schedule in the dying days of 2008 and it was something of a disappointment. The Yamal data, as might have been expected, was to be archived with the second batch, so there would be a further delay before the real action could start. Meanwhile, however, McIntyre could begin to look at what Briffa had done elsewhere. It was not to be plain sailing. For a start, Briffa had archived data in an obsolete data format, last used in the era of punch-cards. This was inconvenient, and apparently deliberately so, but it was not an insurmountable problem -- with a little work, McIntyre was able to move ahead with his analysis. Briffa had also thrown a rather larger spanner in the works though: while he had archived the tree ring measurements, he had not supplied any metadata to go with it -- in other words there was no information about where the measurements had come from. All there was was a tree number and the measurements that went with it. However, McIntyre was well used to this kind of behaviour from climatologists and he had some techniques at hand for filling in some of the gaps. Climate Audit postings on the findings followed in fairly short order, some of which were quite intriguing. There was, however, no smoking gun.
There followed a long hiatus, with no word from the Royal Society or from Briffa. McIntyre would occasionally visit Briffa's web page at the CRU website to see if anything new had appeared, but to no avail. Eventually, though, Briffa's hand was forced, and in late September 2009, a reader pointed out to McIntyre that the remaining data was now available. It had been quietly posted to Briffa's webpage, without announcement or the courtesy of an email to Mcintyre. It was nearly ten years since the initial publication of Yamal and three years since McIntyre had requested the measurement data from Briffa. Now at last some of the questions could be answered.
A strange lack of twentieth century data
When McIntyre started to look at the numbers it was clear that there were going to be the usual problems with a lack of metadata, but there was more than just this. In typical climate science fashion, just scratching at the surface of the Briffa archive raised as many questions as it answered. Why did Briffa only have half the number of cores covering the Medieval Warm Period that the Russian had reported? And why were there so few cores in Briffa's twentieth century? By 1988 there were only 12 cores used, an amazingly small number in what should have been the part of the record when it was easiest to obtain data. By 1990 the count was only ten, dropping still further to just five in 1995. Without an explanation of how the selection of this sample of the available data had been performed, the suspicion of `cherrypicking' would linger over the study, particularly since the sharp twentieth century uptick in the series was almost entirely due to a single tree (It is true to say, however, that Hantemirov also had very few cores in the equivalent period, so it is possible that this selection had been due to the Russian and not Briffa).
The lack of twentieth century data was still more remarkable when the Yamal chronology was compared to the Polar Urals series, to which it was now apparently preferred. The ten or twelve cores used in Yamal was around half the number available at Polar Urals, which should presumably therefore have been considered the more reliable. Why then had climatologists almost all preferred to use Yamal? Could it be because it had a hockey stick shape?
Briffa's regional chronology
The low core counts in the Yamal series certainly looked odd, but when they were seen in the context of Briffa's 2008 Royal Society paper they looked positively suspicious. In the paper, Briffa had explained that he and his co-authors had combined series so as to create regional chronologies covering much wider areas. These regional chronologies, he suggested provided "strong evidence that the extent of recent widespread warming across northwest Eurasia, with respect to 100- to 200-year trends, is unprecedented in the last 2000 years".
One of Briffa's regional chronologies was AVAM-TAIMYR, which was produced by merging the Taimyr chronology with another site, Bol'shoi Avam, located no less than 400 kilometres away. While the original Taimyr site had something of a divergence problem, with narrowing ring widths implying cooler temperatures, the new composite site of Avam--Taimyr had a rather warmer twentieth century and a cooler Medieval Warm Period. The effect of this blending of datasets was therefore, as so often with paleoclimate adjustments, to produce a warming trend.
This however, was not what was interesting McIntyre. What was odd about AVAM-TAIMYR was that the series seemed to have more tree cores recorded than had been reported in the two papers on which it was based. So it looked as if something else had been merged in as well. But what?
With no metadata archived for AVAM-TAIMYR, McIntyre had another puzzle to occupy him, but with some effort he was able to unravel the mystery. Forty-two of the cores turned out to be from another location called Balschaya Kamenka, some 400 km from Taimyr. The data had been collected by the Swiss researcher, Fritz Schweingruber. The fact that the use of Schweingruber's data had not been reported by Briffa was odd in itself, but what intrigued McIntyre was why Briffa had used Balschaya Kamenka and not any of the other Schweingruber sites in the area. Several of these were much closer to Taimyr -- Aykali River was one example, and another, Novaja Rieja, was almost next door. The suspicion of cherrypicking was hard to avoid.
The Khatdyta River experiment
But there was another mystery in Briffa's paper too. As we have seen, Briffa had been in the business of creating regional chronologies, for example supplementing Taimyr with data from other locations such as Avam and Balschaya Kamenka. Similar regional chronologies had been created for Fennoscandia and allegedly for Yamal. But the Yamal data appeared to represent only the original Hantemirov and Shiyatov data with no supplementation with other sites in the area at all. Why had Briffa left Yamal on its own, when the core count was so low? Suitable data was certainly available - Schweingruber had collected samples at a site called Khadyta River, close to Yamal, and with 34 cores recorded it represented a much more reliable basis for reconstructing temperatures.
McIntyre decided to perform a sensitivity test on Briffa's database, replacing the 12 cores that were behind the twentieth century uptick in the Yamal series with the 34 from Khadtya River. The revised chronology was simply staggering. The sharp uptick in the series at the end of the twentieth century had vanished, leaving a twentieth century apparently without a significant trend. The blade of the Yamal hockey stick, used in so many of those temperature reconstructions that the IPCC said validated Michael Mann's work, was gone.
Sound and fury
The reaction to McIntyre's blog posts on Yamal was almost instantaneous. The RealClimate blog, run by prominent climate scientists in an effort to protect the IPCC orthodoxy, ridiculed McIntyre's work:
McIntyre has based his 'critique' on a test conducted by randomly adding in one set of data from another location in Yamal that he found on the internet. People have written theses about how to construct tree ring chronologies in order to avoid end-member effects and preserve as much of the climate signal as possible. Curiously no-one has ever suggested simply grabbing one set of data, deleting the trees you have a political objection to and replacing them with another set that you found lying around on the web.
A few weeks later, Briffa and some of his colleagues joined in, writing a long response to McIntyre. Interestingly, this took a slightly different line to their colleagues at RealClimate, acknowledging that Khadtya River met the criteria for inclusion in the the Yamal chronology, but claiming somewhat implausibly that they had not considered it at the time.
Judged according to [our normal] criterion it is entirely appropriate to include the data from the [Khadtya River] site...when constructing a regional chronology for the area. However,we simply did not consider these data at the time, focussing only on the data used in the companion study by Hantemirov and Shiyatov and supplied to us by them.
However, they also presented what they said was a revised Yamal chronology, produced "by making use of all the data to hand", and giving broadly the same result as the figures they had published previously:
Climategate and the Yamal-Urals chronology
Just weeks later, the attention of the Climate blogosphere was well and truly diverted by the Climategate disclosures, and the arguments over the Yamal core count was forgotten in the media storm that followed. However, there were many emails in the Climategate zip file that directly pertained to the Yamal story. The message that immediately attracted attention was one that demonstrated that CRU had funded Hantemirov and Shiyatov to collect the Yamal data in the first place, something that did raise questions over Briffa's claim that the data was not theirs to give to McIntyre. However, at the time most attention was focused on Shiyatov's request that the funds be sent to his private bank account so as to avoid problems with the Russian tax authorities.
However, there was another email that was much more important, although it was barely noticed by anyone apart from McIntyre. The email in question, number 1146252894, was from Briffa to a scientist at the Met Office and dated back to 2006.
Hi Philip,
We have three "groups" of trees:
"SCAND" (which includes the Tornetrask and Finland multi-millennial chronologies, but also some shorter chronologies from the same region). These trees fall mainly within the 3 boxes centred at:
"URALS" (which includes the Yamal and Polar Urals long chronologies, plus other shorter ones). These fall mainly within these 3 boxes:
62.5E, 62.5N (note this is the only one not at 67.5N)
"TAIMYR" (which includes the Taimyr long chronology, plus other shorter ones). These fall mainly within these 4 boxes:
There could be little doubt that these were the regional chronologies that had been prepared for the Royal Society paper. Crucially then, this email showed that Briffa and his colleagues had prepared a regional chronology that incorporated Yamal and the Polar Urals - a much wider area than the Yamal-only chronology that had appeared in the final paper.
Briffa's decision to drop the URALS regional chronology (incorporating Yamal and sites in the Polar Urals) in favour of a Yamal-only chronology with only a handful of trees in its modern section was starting to look indefensible. It was also hard to square the existence of the URALS chronology with Briffa's rebuttal of McIntyre's earlier blog post. When Briffa had said his revised Yamal chronology incorporated "all the data", he had actually only incorporated a handful of sites in the Yamal area, without mentioning that he had prepared the much broader-based URALS chronology. The deception in Briffa's response was now clear, at least to McIntyre.
The only way to prove that all this mattered, however, was to find out what the URALS chronology looked like. If it lacked the hockey stick shape, as McIntyre suspected, Briffa would be completely undone. McIntyre duly submitted a freedom of information request for the chronology itself and a list of the sites used. As he expected, this was refused, and before long the long and tedious appeals process was set in motion.
The Climategate inquiries
While the wheels of the FOI appeals process were grinding away, Briffa was having to fend off the Yamal allegations again. These had been put to him by members of the Russell panel, which was investigating Climategate on behalf of the University of East Anglia. However, a former colleague, Geoffrey Boulton, was dealing with the investigation of the Yamal allegations, so Briffa would presumably have had few concerns.
Since the Russell panel had only allowed a few days for submissions of evidence, the Yamal allegations had not been formally put to the inquiry, although McIntyre had covered it briefly, mentioning the email that revealed existence of the URALS chronology. Boulton, however, had asked Briffa to respond to a distillation of the allegations that McIntyre's co-author Ross McKitrick had written as an op-ed in a Canadian newspaper.
Briffa's response repeated the story he had made in his earlier rebuttal of McIntyre, namely that he and his colleagues had never considered the other data in the region:
The data that he is referring to were never considered at the time because the purpose of the work reported in Briffa (2000) and Briffa et al. (2008) was to reprocess the existing dataset of Hantemirov and Shiyatov (2002).
Readers may already have noticed that Briffa's explanation was directly contradicted by the Climategate email quoted above, which showed that the data referred to had actully been under consideration since at least 2006. Remarkably, despite having Briffa's email available, Boulton does not seem to have noticed this obvious deceit. Since the Russell panel decided not to allow CRU's critics to challenge the evidence of the CRU scientists, nobody else could point out the truth either. The Russell panel's decision therefore appears culpable.
The second part of Briffa's explanation is equally misleading. While the purpose of the original Briffa 2000 paper was indeed to reprocess the Hantemirov and Shiyatov data, this could not be said of the later, 2008 paper, the purpose of which was to prepare and examine regional chronologies. This second deceit, like the first, went unremarked by Boulton.
Later on in the same document, Briffa changed his story slightly. He said that the 2008 paper had been intended for a special issue of the journal concerned and he had therefore been working to a strict deadline. He said that he and his colleagues had simply run out of time to prepare the URALS regional chronology and had decided to reprocess Yamal on its own:
...we had intended to explore an integrated Polar Urals/Yamal larch series but it was felt that this work could not be completed in time and Briffa made the decision to reprocess the Yamal ring-width data to hand, using improved standardization techniques, and include this series in the submitted paper.
This story was again entirely implausible. As we have seen, the regional chronology had been around since at least 2006, but Briffa chose not to mention this in his evidence to Russell.
Briffa also made the extraordinary claim that he and his colleagues had not looked at Polar Urals for many years:
We had never undertaken any reanalysis of the Polar Urals temperature reconstruction subsequent to its publication in 1995.
Again, this was directly refuted by the Climategate emails, which showed that Briffa had incorporated Polar Urals into the URALS regional chronology in 2006. Once again, the deceit was missed by Boulton.
Boulton had missed three clear deceptions in as many paragraphs of Briffa's evidence. It is perhaps not surprising that with an inquiry of this nature, a "not guilty" verdict regarding the Yamal allegations was subsequently issued in the Russell Panel's final report.
The Commissioner calls
In April 2012, the tide began to shift against Briffa. The UK's Information Commissioner wrote to UEA with some bad news - although a decision on the release of the URALS chronology had not been reached, the commissioner advised the university that there could be no good reason not to disclose the list of sites used and accordingly he intended to rule against them on this issue. Briffa's hand was finally going to be forced.
The list of 17 sites that was finally sent to McIntyre represented complete vindication. The presence of Yamal and Polar Urals had already been obvious from the Climategate emails, but the list showed that Briffa had also incorporated the Polar Urals update (which, as we saw above, did not have a hockey stick shape, and which Briffa claimed he had not looked at since 1995) and the Khadtya River site, McIntyre's use of which the RealClimate authors had ridiculed.
Although the chronology itself was not yet available, the list of sites was sufficient for McIntyre to calculate the numbers himself, and the results were breathtaking. Firstly, the URALS regional chronology had vastly more data behind it than the Yamal-only figures presented in Briffa's paper
But what was worse, the regional chronology did not have a hockey stick shape - the twentieth century uptick that Briffa had got from the handful of trees in the Yamal-only series had completely disappeared.
Direct comparison of the chronology that Briffa chose to publish against the full chronology that he withheld makes the point clear:
It seems clear then that the URALS chronology Briffa prepared to go alongside the others he put together for the 2008 paper gave a message that did not comply with the message that he wanted to convey - one of unprecedented warmth at the end of the twentieth century. In essence the URALS regional chronology was suffering from the divergence problem - the widely noted failure of some tree ring series to pick up the recent warming seen in instrumental temperature records, which led to the infamous 'hide the decline' episode.
Remarkably, however, Briffa did allude to the divergence problem in his paper:
These [regional chronologies] show no evidence of a recent breakdown in [the association between tree growth and temperature] as has been found at other high-latitude Northern Hemisphere locations.
The reason for dropping the URALS chronology looks abundantly clear. It would not have supported this message.


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Scoutmaster Award of Merit
From MeritBadgeDotOrg
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==See also==
==See also==
*[http://old.scouting.org/boyscouts/resources/58-413/58-413.pdf Nomination form]
*[http://old.scouting.org/boyscouts/resources/58-413/58-413.pdf Nomination form]
Revision as of 13:00, October 27, 2008
Shortly after the National Eagle Scout Association was established in 1972, it began to make available a NESA Scoutmaster Award. The award was presented to one Scoutmaster per BSA area each year. These Scoutmasters' records demonstrated proper use of Boy Scout advancement, and a significant number of their Boy Scouts attained the Eagle Scout rank. This award was discontinued on December 31, 1987.
The president of the Boy Scouts of America requested that NESA convert its award into a Scoutmaster Award of Merit that could be earned by all Scoutmasters. His rationale was that there is a need for recognizing Scoutmasters relatively early in their work in that position, before they qualify for the Scouter's Key.
The nominee need not be an Eagle Scout but must:
- 1. Be a currently registered Scoutmaster who has served in that position for at least 18 months.
- 2. Have achieved the Quality Unit Award at least once during the period of service.
- 3. Have completed Boy Scout Leader Fast Start Orientation, New Leader Essentials, Scoutmaster and Assistant Scoutmaster Leader Specific Training, and Introduction to Outdoor Leader Skills.
- 4. Have a record of proper use of the Boy Scout advancement program, resulting in a majority of Boy Scouts in the troop attaining the First Class rank.
- 5. Have a record of
- Development of youth leadership through the patrol method
- Positive relations with the troop's chartered organization
- An extensive outdoor program including strong summer camp attendance
- A positive image of Scouting in the community
- A troop operation that attracts and retains Boy Scouts
The chair of the troop committee has the responsibility of nominating the Scoutmaster on behalf of the patrol leaders' council and the troop committee. (Click here to download the nomination form.)
The nomination is certified by the unit commissioner and forwarded to the local council service center.
The nomination should be approved by the Scout executive and either the council NESA chair or the council commissioner.
The Scout executive will forward the nomination to the director of the National Eagle Scout Association at the national office.
A full-color certificate will be provided by NESA free of charge. A cost of $1.50 per certificate will be charged for a certificate with the recipient's name laser-printed. Payment should accompany the order.
The National Eagle Scout Association will send the certificates to the Scout executive via pouch mail. Please allow two to four weeks for turnaround time.
A full-color, 6-inch jacket patch, No. 00147, is available through the Supply Division.
A square knot (white on tan) for the uniform, No. 05001, is available through the Supply Division.
The award may be presented at an appropriate chartered organization or unit function with acknowledgment at a district or council event or at a district or council recognition event.
Note: Nominees may earn the Scoutmaster Award of Merit one time only.
See also
- Nomination form
- Scoutmaster Award of Merit
- Venturing Advisor Award of Merit
- Scouter Awards

subset: commoncrawl


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Did you see the weirdest commercial to air during last night's Super Bowl? It's doubtful unless you live in Oklahoma, Texas, and Montana because those are the only states to air the Old Milwaukee beer ad featuring a mustacheoed Will Ferrell making out with a woman on a bus to the tune of a Chinese song called — according to Reddit — "Mother, Where Are You?"
This is another ad in a long history of Old Milwaukee commercials featuring Ferrell that have only been released to exclusive markets. Last year during the Super Bowl, this unique ad aired only to a small local station in Nebraska and, this past fall, Ferrell brought the campaign to Sweden. Most delightful of all, perhaps, is that he isn't getting paid for any of it, but does them in exchange for "creative freedom to revive a brand and shoot crazy fun commercials."
Will Ferrell's Weird Old Milwaukee Campaign Gets Weirder [Brow Beat]


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PURCHASE, N.Y., Feb. 28, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- David Grill, a professor at Purchase College-SUNY's renowned Conservatory of Theatre Arts, recently served as lighting director for Michelle Obama's Best Picture award sequence during the Academy Awards.
PURCHASE, N.Y., Feb. 28, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- David Grill, a professor at Purchase College-SUNY's renowned Conservatory of Theatre Arts, recently served as lighting director for Michelle Obama's Best Picture award sequence during the Academy Awards. This presentation was the climatic moment of the Oscars--and represents an apex of achievement in the field of lighting design.
(Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20130228/NE68615)
The invitation to Washington to light the First Lady was "top secret," according to Grill, since her presentation was an Oscar-first and a dramatic surprise to the worldwide audience. Grill designed the lighting for the remote presentation in the Diplomatic Reception Room of The White House. "The First Lady and her staff were wonderful to work with and it was tremendous honor to be part of history in such a historic venue," says Grill.
David Grill is an Emmy Award-winner with extensive experience in lighting design and direction for international events, dance, architecture, television, and corporate theatre. His credits encompass multiple Super Bowl half-time shows, including this year's Beyonce performance, as well as the Pan American Games and the Olympic Winter Games. He is also an assistant professor and co-coordinator of the Design/Technology Program of the Conservatory of Theatre Arts at Purchase College, where he has taught since 1998.
"Dave exemplifies what distinguishes Purchase College: our faculty of top-tier working professionals who bring their firsthand knowledge and unsurpassed expertise to our students," says Greg Taylor, Director of the Conservatory of Theatre Arts, Purchase College. "We are proud that Dave has received this global validation of his talent."
In addition to serving as a Purchase College professor, David Grill is an alumnus, with a BFA in theatre design from the college. "My education at Purchase College has given me a career I truly love," he reflects. "It is a tribute to Purchase that they afford me the opportunity, as a working professional, to bring my knowledge back and impart it to the next generation of students who share my passion for lighting design and the arts."
About Purchase College-SUNYPurchase College, part of the State University of New York (SUNY) network of 64 universities and colleges, was founded in 1967 by Governor Nelson Rockefeller. His aspirations for Purchase were to combine on one campus conservatory training in the visual and performing arts with programs in the liberal arts and sciences. Today, Purchase College-SUNY is a community of students, faculty, and friends where open-minded engagement with the creative process leads to a lifetime of intellectual growth and professional opportunity. For more information about the College, visit www.purchase.edu.
Press Contact:Jon Lieb/Anita BellThirty Ink Media914-741-2260
Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20130228/NE68615PRN Photo Desk, firstname.lastname@example.com
Purchase College-SUNY


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Emotions ran high at Thursday's hearing investigating radicalization within the American Muslim community – the first hearing of a probe that Republicans say will continue at least until the 2012 elections.
"I remain convinced that these hearings must go forward, and they will," said the chair of the House Homeland Security Committee, Rep. Peter King (R) of New York, during his opening statement. "To back down would be a craven surrender to political correctness and an abdication of what I believe to be the main responsibility of this committee: to protect America from a terrorist attack."
Radicalization is a legitimate target for a congressional panel charged with homeland security, says Bruce Hoffmann, director of the Center for Peace and Security studies at Georgetown University. But the challenge with today's hearing is that the topic – "The extent of radicalization in the American Muslim community and that community's response" – appears to put the onus on the American Muslim community as the source of the problem.
In fact, "the Muslim community itself is the solution to this challenge, not the problem," says Professor Hoffman, who has studied terrorism and insurgency for more than 30 years.
Democrats criticized the narrow focus on the Muslim community and urged the committee to investigate the spike in white supremacist groups – and the communities supporting them – as well.
"I cannot help but wonder how propaganda about this hearing, focused on the American Muslim community, will be used by those who seek to inspire a new generation of suicide bombers," said Rep. Bennie Thompson (D) of Mississippi, the highest-ranking Democrat on the panel.
Rep. Keith Ellison (D) of Minnesota, one of two Muslims in Congress, shed tears as he described the false charges leveled against Mohammed Salman Hamdani, a first responder who was killed in the 9/11 attacks.
"I am concerned that the focus of today's hearing may increase suspicion of the Muslim American community, ultimately making us all a little less safe," he said.
King challenged critics who claimed that the hearings amounted to a witch-hunt targeting the entire Muslim community.
"There is nothing radical or un-American in holding these hearings," he said. "Indeed, Congressional investigation of Muslim American radicalization is the logical response to the repeated and urgent warnings which the Obama administration has been making in recent months."
Despite the sharp partisan clashes in today's hearing, there is broad agreement between Republicans and the Obama administration that Islamic radicalization is a growing concern.
Rising threat of American-born Muslim terrorists
The most recent alarm was sounded by the Obama administration's top intelligence chief at the Senate Armed Services Committee hearing Thursday, on current and future worldwide threats to the United States.
We are seeing "disturbing instances of self-radicalization among our own citizens," said Director of National Intelligence James Clapper.
"While homegrown terrorists are numerically a small part of the global threat, they have a disproportionate impact because they understand our homeland, have connections here, and have easier access to US facilities," said Director Clapper.
"This threat is real, and it is serious," Denis McDonough, Deputy National Security Adviser to Obama, said at a speech at an Islamic civic center in Sterling, Va.,
Al Qaeda videos, Internet forums, and online magazines exist "for the expressed purpose of trying to convince Muslim Americans to reject their country and attack their fellow Americans," he said.
Terrorism experts note that America's home-grown extremists have taken on higher-profile roles in the international terrorist movement. These include New Mexico native Anwar al-Awlaki, who had contacts with several of the 9/11 hijackers, the Christmas shoe bomber, and the Fort Hood shooter; Al Qaeda spokesman and ex-Californian Adam Gadahn; and Alabama-born Omar Hammami, who works with Al Qaeda-backed terrorists in Somalia.
"Over the past two or three years, there has been a significant uptick in the number of Americans who have gone abroad to receive terrorist training, attempted to go abroad for terrorist training, or attempted attacks in the United States," says Hoffman.
Cooperation with law enforcement
One of King's stated motives in calling Thursday's hearing was to demonstrate that the American Muslim community was not cooperating with law enforcement. Georgetown University's Hoffman says he's seen no evidence that that is the case. Nor did Republicans present witnesses or new evidence to support the claim.
The only witness from law enforcement called to testify at this hearing was Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca, who committee Democrats invited to refute those allegations.
"The Muslim community in Los Angeles is a very active participant in the securing of our homeland," he told the committee. "These relationships are critical to mitigate a threat or, more importantly, recognize the threat at a stage that a person, or a group, on a wrong path can be righted," he added.
Often key tips in averting terrorist attacks come from families or the Muslim community, Hoffman says. Since the 9/11 attacks, the FBI and many large urban police forces have gone out of their way to reach out to the Muslim community, he says.
Democrats on the House Homeland Security Committee charged that the testimony of other witnesses, parents whose children became radicalized, was anecdotal and did not demonstrate the widespread pattern of noncooperation that the chairman had reported as fact.
The hearings will continue
Next, King says the panel is likely to take up the radicalization of Muslim Americans in the US prison system, after several months of staff preparation. Other issues include an investigation of Al Qaeda's and other organizations' strategy of recruiting Americans. The committee will also investigate how the Department of Homeland Security plans to address the "increasing radicalization of individuals within the United States."
King says that these issues will be a top concern for the committee "as long as I am chairman," which will last at least through 2012.


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It's not exactly the Yellow Brick Road, but a proverbial hop, skip and a jump up the Kennedy Expressway from the wizard of Oz's birthplace lies the origin of a new kind of Oz creation.
More than a century after L. Frank Baum penned "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" in his Humboldt Park home, a Chicago-based high-tech start-up called Spooky Cool Labs has created a licensed city-building Facebook game, called "The Wizard of Oz," based on the adventures of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Cowardly Lion and the rest of Baum's weird, wonderful creations.
It's impeccable timing for Spooky Cool Labs, because Oz is likely to be a hot commodity this year. A prequel to "The Wizard of Oz," titled "Oz: The Great and Powerful," hits theaters March 8. The big-budget animated film "Dorothy of Oz" is set to follow later in 2013. The original 1939 movie starring Judy Garland also is getting a 3-D conversion for its 75th anniversary restoration on Blu-ray sometime in the fall.
It's safe to think Spooky Cool Labs clicked their heels together and wished the deal with Warner Bros. to happen, but chief creative officer Brian Eddy said there was some foresight involved.
"We'd actually been thinking about it before, but once we talked to WB [and] they told us some of the things they had planned, we got more excited," Eddy said. "There's sort of a renaissance of 'The Wizard of Oz' going on right now."
And Chicago's historical ties with Oz? "Well, that's pretty much a coincidence," Eddy said.
The timing of the deal amused the company's marketing director, Bob Holtzman, who already owned a small terrier bred in Kansas he named "Oz" that happens to look like Toto. "It was like a match made in heaven," he said.
Once Spooky Cool Labs obtained the license for Oz, the small developer spent most of two years creating a social city-builder game for Facebook in the style of Zynga's popular "Farmville" or EA's "Sim City Social," but with a healthy dose of a 'Wizard of Oz' touch. The fully 3D virtual world puts players into the ruby slippers of Dorothy just after her house is whisked away from Kansas and lands on the Wicked Witch of the West.
But in this version of Oz, the Yellow Brick Road hasn't been laid yet, meaning you can't immediately take a jaunty stroll to see the wizard.
The goal, then, is to build a city for the tiny denizens of Munchkinland so they eventually will be up to the mighty task of forming the road.
"The Wizard of Oz" game is the first project for Spooky Cool Labs, a startup created in January 2011 and led by CEO Joe Kaminkow and chairman Larry DeMar--two Chicago tech pioneers who first made their names in the arcade, pinball and slot machine world. They helped create the classic arcade video game "Defender" and later founded Data East Pinball, now known as Stern Pinballone of just two companies in the U.S. currently making new pinball machines. After spending time creating popular slot machines like "Wheel of Fortune," they decided to try something different.
"We were looking at the vast quantity of players on Facebook, and as game designers we hadn't had the opportunity to approach so many players at one time in this massive space," Kaminkow said. "For someone who was used to getting people to play one quarter at a time it was kind of mindblowing."
Since the game went live on Halloween, it has amassed 1.1 million players, but work for the team at Spooky Cool Labs is far from finished. They currently are creating expansion packs, mini-games and additional features to keep players coming back.
Kaminkow is hesistant to call the game a huge success, but says he's proud of all the hard work. "We didn't want a generic game that wouldn't get noticed. And we felt like everything about 'The Wizard of Oz' is iconic and American. In the end, if you're going to build a city, wouldn't you rather build an Emerald one?"
Movies, and Blu-rays and pinball machines, oh my! In addition to the Facebook game created by Chicago's Spooky Cool Labs, 2013 is shaping up to be a huge year for Oz.
- A man of many hats, actor James Franco is wearing an old-fashioned top hat in "Oz: The Great and Powerful," a prequel of sorts to the original "Wizard of Oz" opens March 8.
- "Dorothy of Oz," a CGI-animated film based on the 1989 book of the same name by "Oz" creator L. Frank Baum's great-grandson is set for release later this year. Lea Michele takes a break from "Glee" to voice Dorothy for the film.
- A newly restored, 3-D version of the original 1939 Judy Garland film "The Wizard of Oz" will be out on blu-ray in the fall to celebrate its 75th anniversary.
- Jersey Jack Pinball has released its first pinball machine, "The Emerald City Limited Edition Wizard of Oz Pinball Machine."
Ryan Smith is a RedEye special contributor.


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Masks Off Walkthrough
Taa Strickland will bail your ass out. In doing so, all your weapons are belong to her — you essentially start with a SCARAB, and that's it. It'll be good enough for what you're going to do though, so head out.
Avoid the CELL checkpoint and clear the area out from the storeroom. The SCARAB is one weapon, and consider taking the GAUSS or similar later (after meeting Hargreave). Do not bother with the GRENDEL, or as IGN calls it, the least interesting gun-shaped paperweight in the world of videogames.
Clear out the lobby, since you want to restock on ammo and grenades. You can use the storeroom to silently snipe or stealth kill enemies as they come in to investigate. Head upstairs once you're done.
Cloak at the top of the stairs (before going into the gallery). In an effort to rearm, you can kill the rest of the enemies here, although you can do just as well sneaking by.
The sentry on the scaffolding and the one at the emplaced machinegun are dangerous adversaries. Take them out and recloak.
Stock up on grenades and detach the mounted gun if need be. You will only start using them after you meet Hargreaves, so the effort to take the HMG may not be worth it.
Meet Hargreaves in the study, and pan your camera right. Notice the stairs? Go up them and escape after you perform the injection.
Take the syringe and upgrade your suit with the Tunguska protocol. After you recover, head up the stairs previously mentioned and cloak. Depart via the secret passage when it opens up and start moving.
Exercise caution when going through the junked rooms. Avoid the electricity by using the wooden pallets on the ground to get across the flooded room. You can find a GAUSS, L-TAG and some other heavy firepower in the weapons locker before you exit the Prism proper.
You can fight or sneak past all the crap on the Prism's grounds (a stealthy escape is better). While you can kill a few Ceph on the way out, they do get hot-dropped back into the playfield when replacements are needed. Hence, it's to your advantage to leave without stirring up too much trouble.
Cloak and let your CELL allies draw enemy attention. You can sneak through the first clearing, head up the lift, and enter the area of the second clearing via the red-green vehicle garage door.
As you near the foot of the bridge, avoid the Ceph Devastators (there are two simultaneously active) and do your best to make progress without discovery. Stopping to fight may be a bad idea, as the Ceph really out-number you and the CELL.
Get into the lift that takes you to the next level of the bridge. During the ride, you should be safe, so feel free to decloak and recharge the energy.
For the broken bridge, head to the upper deck and start sneaking past the aliens to the very end. There are Devastators that drop in as you near the end, so you certainly do not want to fight them on such broken terrain.
Once you reach the end of the bridge, don't check out yet. There is still a QTE to handle to avoid being killed. Once you're falling into the water, after performing all the button inputs, the mission should be over.
Bonus Task » Speeding Ticket · 10 / 10[edit]
The final traffic camera is on the upper deck of the truss bridge, just past the missing persons billboards. It will be attached to steel arches above the road, and not to the sides as usual.
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- Marussia news
Marussia still in negotiations with Ecclestone
- Drivers:
- John Booth
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- Bernie Ecclestone
- Teams:
- Manor
With just over a week before the first practice session at the Australian Grand Prix, Marussia says it is still without a signed commercial agreement with Formula One's Commercial Rights Holder (CRH).
Bernie Ecclestone has negotiated agreements with all the other teams on behalf of the CRH, but despite having its 2013 entry accepted by the FIA, Marussia confirmed on Thursday that it still does not have a commercial deal in place.
"We are in active discussion with the Commercial Rights Holder but, as of today [Thursday], we do not have a signed agreement with them," a spokesperson confirmed to ESPN.
Speaking to ESPN at last week's Barcelona test, team principal John Booth said he felt a deal was not far off.
"It's getting pretty close now," he said. "Nothing is signed yet, but it's getting pretty close now."
Until an agreement is signed Marussia will not be entitled to a share of Formula One's revenues, but Booth said it was more important for Ecclestone to get an agreement in place ahead of the first race.
"No [it's not vital for Marussia ahead of Australia]," he added. "It's vital for Bernie because he won't be able to film us without it."


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8 Biggest Thanksgiving Mistakes (and How to Avoid Them)
Learn how to avoid the most common cooking mistakes on Thanksgiving.
I'm really looking forward to a big festive Thanksgiving with lots of family and friends this year. I love the food and (no surprise since I'm the food editor of EatingWell Magazine) the cooking too. All this worry that Americans have over the meal seems just plain silly to me. So whether you're like me and look forward to Thanksgiving all year or you've got the Butterball Turkey Talk-Line programmed into your speed dial, take a few deep breaths and get ready for a simple, beautiful and enjoyable Thanksgiving. Here I've come up with easy solutions for 8 common Thanksgiving mistakes, so you can avoid them. Download a FREE Thanksgiving Side Dish Recipe Cookbook!
-Jessie Price, Editor-in-Chief, EatingWell
Watch: See a healthy sweet potato casserole
Mistake 1: Getting started without a game plan
For me, the more dishes at Thanksgiving, the better. And the same goes for guests. But it can all go awry if you haven't thought through a real plan. You don't want to be stuck with an overly ambitious plan of cooking 8 different dishes with only 24 hours to pull it all off. So plan in advance. Sit down, write out your guest list and your menu. Find the recipes you're going to cook and figure out what can be done in advance. Write a day-by-day plan of what you'll do on each day. Want some ideas to get started? Check out our Easy Thanksgiving Menu and Planner, with delicious recipes and detailed instructions of what to make when, starting 3 days before the big meal.
Mistake 2: Trying to do everything yourself
Because Thanksgiving often means many dishes and much coordination, enlist help. Otherwise you risk ending up stressed out and busy when you should be enjoying a day with family and friends.
Mistake 3: Ending up with too many dishes that need to be heated up in the oven at the same time.
This goes back to making your game plan and is something we consider when we plan a Thanksgiving menu in the EatingWell Test Kitchen. How will all those dishes be cooked or reheated if you only have one oven and that oven is full of a big old bird? The solution is to make sure you incorporate dishes that can be done on the stovetop and ones that can be cooked in advance and reheated in the microwave. Also keep in mind that after the turkey comes out of the oven you will have about 30+ minutes while it rests-in that time you can use the oven space to reheat stuffing or rolls for example. Another way to avoid this: try cooking a whole turkey breast on the grill and using the oven for everything else. Get our recipes for Smoked Turkey Breast on the Grill and 9 more of our best roast turkey recipes.
Mistake 4: Undercooking your bird
Nobody wants to sit down to bloody-looking Thanksgiving turkey. So have patience and let your bird cook until it's done! Now the only real secret here is that you must, and I mean must, invest in a meat thermometer. They are inexpensive and you can find them at the supermarket. Forget jiggling the leg around or piercing with a fork until the juices run clear. Just get the thermometer! To properly use it, insert it into the deepest part of several areas of the bird. I temp both the breasts and thighs. And make sure not to let the thermometer touch bone. Leave it in the bird for about 20 seconds, and voilà. If you want to get fancy, try a remote digital thermometer. You can put the sensor in the bird and then read the temp from outside the oven. High-tech, convenient and nice to have…but not necessary.
Mistake 5: Overcooking your bird
All that worry about dry meat on Thanksgiving is just about overcooking it. If it's done right, which is to 165 degrees F (considered safe by the USDA), then it should stay juicy and moist. Keep in mind if you want your meat to end up at 165, then you'll need to pull the bird out of the oven when it hits between 155 and 160. The temperature will continue to rise 5 to 10 degrees as the bird rests (that's called "carryover cooking.") The complicating factor here is that the breast tends to cook faster than the thighs and legs, and also will naturally dry out more because it's leaner. I like this turkey-roasting technique of protecting the breast meat with a foil deflector; the foil slows down how fast the breast cooks, so that it reaches the proper temp at the same time that the thigh meat does.
Mistake 6: Getting the skin too dark
If you ever take a look at food-magazine covers at this time of year, you know the allure of the perfectly browned roast turkey. But honestly it's quite easy to take it too far and end up with a bird that looks more charred than golden and succulent. Check the turkey often and as soon as it starts to look nice and brown, tent it with foil. Another way to slow the browning: baste the bird every hour or so. The liquid reduces the external temp of the bird, thus slowing the browning.
Mistake 7: Not using your pan drippings!
Besides carving the turkey and worrying about dry meat, gravy is the other area that less-experienced Thanksgiving cooks are afraid of. But that's nonsense! I grew up watching my mom make a simple pan gravy every single Thanksgiving and I never once even saw her consult a recipe or use a measuring cup. It's just that simple. Sure, you can make something fancy or sophisticated with added booze, wine, herbs, seasonings and what not. But the secret to any really good gravy is those fabulous pan drippings. This is where all the flavor comes from. (There's absolutely no need for bottled gravy, Kitchen Bouquet or any other trick.) At its most basic, here's the formula: scrape everything out of your pan, let the fat separate, pour off the fat, and return the now-defatted pan drippings to the pan. Now heat the roasting pan on your burners, add a couple cups of turkey or chicken stock, let it come to a boil, slowly drizzle in a slurry of water (or broth) and flour as you whisk. My mom used to just throw a bunch of water and flour into a jar, shake it up, then add a little bit at a time, whisking and letting it bubble until it was the right consistency. Here's a step-by-step gravy-making technique and delicious gravy recipes to get you started.
Mistake 8: Not learning how to carve a turkey
As much as I encourage cooks to delegate tasks at Thanksgiving, I must say that carving is one that I like too much to give up. It's just so darned satisfying to cut up a big bird and produce a beautiful platter of turkey. The easiest way to learn: follow a step-by-step photo guide, like our 6 Steps to Perfectly Carve a Turkey.


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Dossier - Tali part 4
Walkthrough - Dossier - Tali part 4
Naturally, we're going to want to scramble outside to help in any way we can. The door leading outside is to your left. Follow the linear passageway from there, and you'll find one of Tali's friends, a Quarian marine commander named Kal'Reegar. You can speak with him here about what's going on, but what you'll learn isn't pleasant. Kal's entire team has been wiped out by the Geth, and he's the only remaining Quarian standing in between the Geth and Tali. Unfortunately, Tali is on the far side of this area, and Kal can now only draw the Geth's fire, hoping to distract them. He informs you that he has a rocket launcher that can be used on the Colossus, though the Colossus' self-healing mechanism has made things exceptionally difficult. Pick Kal's brain about the battle plan and other topics. When he goes to sacrifice himself, Paragons can use a quicktime event to ensure that Kal stays alive. And then, you'll gain control. It's time for a hell of a heated battle.
This fight seems a lot harder than it is, but rest assured that it's nothing you can't handle. Not even remotely. If you listened to Kal during the last conversation, then you should know exactly what you need to do here to survive. Though this area is a gigantic square, and you can actually work your way up to the far side of the compound from your left, you should instead take Kal's advice and use the raised catwalk on the far right end of this location to ultimately flank the Colossus. Of course, the Colossus isn't the only threat you'll have to deal with here. On the contrary, while you won't have to deal with pesky drones, you'll still have to deal with Geth of all strengths. Initially, from your starting position, you can eliminate the Geth that populate the center of the area. But you'll need to run to your right before very long to ensure that the Geth walking forward along the catwalk there don't flank you. If they do, chances are it will be lights out for you.
When you're finally on the catwalk, threats will be twofold. In addition to the incoming Geth (some of whom have powerful flamethrowers), you'll also have to deal with the sun. If you're not crouched behind a crate here, you're going to get burned in more ways than one, so be cautious. Work your way forward slowly, dodging intermittent rocket salvos from the Colossus as you deal with the more present threat in front of you -- the Geth soldiers. When you finally get to the far end of the catwalk, descend the stairs, and set your sights on the Colossus. You're in a good position here to do a lot of damage, especially with the nearby concrete pillar. With all other Geth killed, it's entirely possible to leisurely set yourself up so that a concrete pillar is in between you and the Colossus, while only exposing a sliver of the enemy to take aim at. Conventional weapons work well enough here, but as evidenced by the heavy ammunition containers around you, the Colossus is meant to be felled with extreme firepower. Naturally, you should oblige.
Following the Colossus' destruction, you're free to explore the area where the fray just took place. While being careful of the sun's detrimental effects on your party, a thorough exploration of this location will net you four stores of Iridium. Seems this planet has plenty of the stuff. After grabbing all of the Iridium, you can then get through the door Tali just opened for you. Examine the Geth corpse on the ground for more credits, and then approach her at the computer terminal. You can now speak with her at length in regard to what's happening here, and what her research on the sun at the center of the system has netted. Kal will eventually show up as well, injured but alive (if you saved him pre-fight). After exploring all angles of the conversation tree, there's nothing left to do but go on our way. And yes, Tali will gladly join your squad, leaving Kal to head back to the Quarian fleet on his own, with her ever-valuable data in hand.
Following the conversation with Tali back on the planet surface, you'll find yourself automatically transported to the Normandy. Here, a brief conversation ensues between Jacob and Tali. As you may remember from earlier on in the game, Cerberus was responsible for infiltrating the Quarian fleet and destroying one of the ships within it. Tali hasn't forgotten about it, and makes it completely clear that she's here for Shepard, and not to help out Cerberus in any way, shape or form. Through the insults, Jacob remains patient, and agrees to give her clearance to check out what she wants to on the new Normandy. She is a talented engineer, after all.
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Fish Rub
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