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This only can the bliss bestowImmortal souls should prove;From one short word all pleasures flow,That blessed word is--Love.
IF ever man rejoiced in the divine administration, and cordially endeavoured to imitate it by doing good, George Washington was that man. Taught by religion that "God is love," he wisely concluded "those are the most happy who love the most"; and, taught by experience that it is love alone that gives a participation and interest in others, capacitating us to rejoice with those who rejoice, and to weep with those who weep, he early studied that benevolence which rendered him so singularly the delight of mankind.
The Marquis De Chastellux, who visited him in camp, tells us that "he was astonished and delighted to see the great American living among his officers and men as a father among his children, who at once revered and loved him with a filial tenderness."
Brissot, another famous French traveller, assures us, that "throughout the continent every body spoke of Washington as of a father."
The dearest and best of all appellations, "The Father of his Country," was the neutral fruit of that benevolence which he so carefully cultivated through life. A singular instance of which we meet with in 1754, and the 22nd year of his age.
He was stationed at Alexandria with his regiment, the only one in the colony, and of which he was Colonel. There happened at this time to be an election in Alexandria for members of the assembly: and the contest ran high between Colonel George Fairfax and Mr. Elzey.
Washington was the warm friend of Fairfax: and a Mr. Payne headed the friends of Elzey. A dispute happening to take place in the court-house yard, Washington, a thing very uncommon with him, became warm (angry); and, which was still more uncommon, said something that offended Payne. Payne, whereupon the little gentleman, who, though but a cub in size, was the old lion in heart, raised his sturdy hickory, and, at a single blow, brought our hero to the ground.
Several of Washington's officers being present, whipped out their cold irons in an instant: and it was believed that there would have been murder off-hand. To make bad worse, his regiment, hearing how he had been treated, bolted out from their barracks, with every man his weapon in his hand, threatening dreadful vengeance on those who had dared to knock down their beloved colonel.
Happily for Mr. Payne and his party, Washington recovered, time enough to go out and meet his enraged soldiers: and, after thanking them for this expression of their love, and assuring them that he was not hurt in the least, he begged them, as they loved him or their duty, to return peaceably to their barracks.
As for himself, he went to his room, generously chastising his imprudence, which had thus struck up a spark that had like to have thrown the whole town into a flame. Finding on mature reflection, that he had been the aggressor, he resolved to make Mr. Payne honourable reparation, by asking his pardon on the morrow.
No sooner had he made this noble resolution, than, recovering that delicious gaiety which accompanies good purposes in a virtuous mind, he went to a ball that night, and behaved as pleasantly as though nothing had happened! Glorious proof, that great souls, like great ships, are not affected by those little puffs which would overset feeble minds with passion, or sink them with spleen!
The next day he went to a tavern-restaurant, and wrote a polite note to Mr. Payne, whom he requested to meet him. Mr. Payne took it for a challenge, and repaired to the tavern, not without expecting to see a pair of pistols produced.
But what was his surprise on entering the chamber, to see a decanter of wine and glasses on the table! Washington arose, and in a very friendly manner met him; and gave him his hand. "Mr. Payne," said he, "to err is nature: to rectify error is glory. I find I was wrong yesterday: but I wish to be right today. You have had some satisfaction: and if you think that sufficient, here's my hand; let us be friends."
Admirable youth! Noble speech! No wonder, since it charms us so, that it had such an effect on Mr. Payne, who from that moment became the most ardent admirer and friend of Washington, and ready at any time, for his sake, to charge up to a battery of two and forty pounders.
What a lesson for our young countrymen!
Had Washington been one of the race of little men, how sadly different would have been his conduct on this occasion! Instead of going that night to the ball, and acting the lively agreeable friend, he would, like an angry viper that had been trod on, have retired to his chamber. There he would have found no such entertainment as Washington had at this ball; no sprightly music, no delicious wines, no sweetly smiling friends.
On the contrary, all the tortures of a soul brooding over its indignities, until reflection had whipped it up into pangs of rage unutterable, while all the demons of hell, with blood-stained torches pointing at his bleeding honour, cried out "revenge! revenge! revenge!"
There in his chamber, he would have passed the gloomy night preparing his pistols, moulding his bullets, or with furious looks driving them through the body of his enemy chalked on the wall. The next morning would have seen him on the field, and in language lately heard in this state, calling out to his hated antagonist:
You have injured me, sir, beyond reconciliation: and by--I'll kill you if I can. While his antagonist, in a style equally musical and Christian, would have rejoined, Kill, or be killed! Pop go the pistols--down tumbles one of the combatants; while the murderer, with knocking knees and looks of Cain, flies from the avenger of blood! The murdered man is carried to his house, a ghastly, bloody corpse.
Merciful God! What a scene ensues! Some are stupefied with horror! others sink lifeless to the floor! His tender sisters, wild shrieking with despair, throw themselves on their dead brother and kiss his soon-to-be ice-cold lips; while his aged parents, crushed under unutterable woe, go down in their snowy locks broken-hearted to the grave.
Thus bloody and miserable might have been the end of Washington or of Payne, had Washington been one of those poor deluded young men, who are determined to be great; and so be brought forward in newspapers, in spite of God or devil. But Washington was not born to exemplify those horrid rage- dies, which cowards create in society by pusillanimously giving way to their bad passions.
No--he was born to teach his countrymen what sweet peace and harmony might for ever smile in the habitations of men, if all had but the courage, like himself, to obey the sacred voice of justice and humanity. By firmly obeying these, he preserved his hands unstained by the blood of a fellow man; and his soul unharrowed by the cruel tooth of never-dying remorse.
By firmly obeying these, he preserved a life which, crowned with deeds of justice and benevolence, has brought more glory to God, more good to man, and more honor to himself, than any life ever spent since the race of man began.
Sons of Columbus!
Would you know what is true courage? See it defined, see it exemplified in this act of your young but great countryman. Never man possessed a more undaunted courage, than Washington. But in him this noble quality was the lifeguard of his reason, not the assassin; a ready servant to obey her commands, not a bully to insult them; a champion to defend his neighbour's rights, not a tyrant to invade them.
Transported by sudden passion, to which all are liable, he offended Mr. Payne, who resented it rather too roughly, by knocking him down on the spot. Washington had it in his power to have taken ample revenge: and cowards who have no command over their passions, would have done it.
But duty forbade him: and he had the courage to obey.
Reason whispered the folly of harbouring dark passions in his soul, poisoning his peace. He instantly banished them; and went to a ball, to drink sweet streams of friendship from the eyes of happy friends. Again reason whispered him, that having been the aggressor, he ought to ask Payne's pardon, and compromise the difference with him. In this also he had the courage to obey her sacred voice.
In what history, ancient or modern, sacred or profane, can you find, in so young a man, only twenty-two, such an instance of that TRUE HEROIC VALOUR which combats malignant passions--conquers unreasonable self--rejects the hell of hatred, and invites the heaven of love into our own bosoms, and into those of our brethren with whom we may have quarrelled?
Joseph forgiving his brethren in the land of Egypt;
David sparing that inveterate seeker of his life, Saul;
Sir Walter Raleigh pardoning the young man who spit in his face;
Afford, it is true, charming specimens of the sublime and beautiful in action. Certainly, such men are worthies of the world, and brightest ornaments of human nature. But yet none of them have gone beyond Washington in the affair of Payne.
A few years after this, Payne had a cause tried in Fairfax court. Washington happened on that day to be in the Courthouse. The lawyer on the other side, finding he was going fast to leeward, thought he would luff up with a whole broadside at Payne's character: and, after raking him fore and aft with abuse, he artfully bore away under the lee of the jury's prejudices, which he endeavoured to inflame against him.
"Yes, please your worship," continued he, "as a proof that this Payne is a most turbulent fellow, and capable of all I tell you, be pleased to remember, gentlemen of the jury, that this is the very man, who some time ago treated our beloved Colonel Washington so barbarously. Yes, this is the wretch, who dared, in this very courthouse yard, to lift up his impious hand against that greatest and best of men, and knocked him down as though he had been a bullock of the stalls."
This, roared in a thundering tone, and with a tremendous stamp on the floor, made Payne look very dejected; for he saw the countenance of the court beginning to turn on him. But Washington rose immediately, and thus addressed the bench:
"As to Mr. Payne's character, may it please your worship," said he, "we all have the satisfaction to know that it is perfectly unexceptionable: and with respect to the little difference which formerly happened between that gentleman and myself, it was instantly made up: and we have lived on the best terms ever since.
Moreover, I wish all my acquaintance to know, that I entirely acquit Mr. Payne of blame in that affair, and take it all on myself as the aggressor." Payne used often to relate another anecdote of Washington, which reflects equal honour on the goodness of his heart.
"Immediately after the war," said he, "when the conquering hero was returning in peace to his home, with the laurels of victory green and flourishing on his head, I felt a great desire to see him, and so set out for Mount Vernon. As I drew near the house, I began to experience a rising fear, lest he should call to mind the blow I had given him in former days.
However, animating myself, I pushed on. Washington met me at the door with a smiling welcome, and presently led me into an adjoining room, where Mrs. Washington sat. "Here, my dear," said he, presenting me to his lady, "here is the little man you have so often heard me talk of; and who, on a difference between us one day, had the resolution, to knock me down, big as I am. I know you will honour him as he deserves; for I assure you he has the heart of a true Virginian."
"He said this," continued Mr. Payne, "with an air which convinced me that his long familiarity with war had not robbed him of a single spark of the goodness and nobleness of his heart. And Mrs. Washington looked at him, I thought, with a something in her eyes, which showed that he appeared to her greater and lovelier than ever."
A good tree, saith the Divine Teacher, bringeth forth good fruit. No wonder then that we meet with so many and such delicious fruits of CHARITY in Washington, whose soul was so rich in benevolence.
In consequence of his wealth and large landed possessions, he had visits innumerable from the poor. Knowing the great value of time and of good tempers to them, he could not bear that they should lose either, by long waiting and shuffling, and blowing their fingers at his door.
He had a room set apart for the reception of such poor persons as had business with him: and the porter had orders to conduct them into it, and to inform him immediately. And so affectionately attentive was he to them, that if he was in company with the greatest characters on the continent, when his servant informed him that a poor man wished to speak to him, he would instantly beg them to excuse him for a moment, and go and wait on him.
Washington's conduct showed that he disliked another practice, too common among some great men, who, not having the power to say, yes, nor the heart to say no, to a poor man, are fain to put him off with a "come again; come again;" and thus trot him backwards and forwards, wasting his time, wearing out his patience and shoes, and after all give him the mortification of a disappointment.
Washington could not be guilty of such cruel kindness. If he could not oblige a poor applicant, he would candidly tell him so at once: but then the goodness of his heart painted his regret so sensibly on his countenance, that even his refusals made him friends.
A poor Irishman, wanting a small farm, and hearing that Washington had one to rent, waited on him. Washington told him that he was sincerely sorry that he could not assist him; for he had just disposed of it. The poor man took his leave, but not without returning him a thousand thanks! Ah, do you thank me so heartily for a refusal!
"Yes, upon my soul, now please your excellency's honour, and I do thank you a thousand times. For many a great man would have kept me waiting for hours, But your excellency's honour has told me straight off hand that you are sorry and God bless you for it, that you can't help me--and so your honour has done my business for me, in no time, and less."
The Potomac abounds with the finest herrings in the world, which, when salted, furnish not only to the wealthy a charming relish for their tea and coffee, but also to the poor a delicious substitute for bacon. But, fond as they are of this small boned bacon, as they call it, many of them have not the means to procure it.
Washington's heart felt for these poor people; and provided a remedy. He ordered a seine and a batteau to be kept on one of the best fishing shores, on purpose for the poor. If the batteau were lost, or the seine spoilt, which was often the case, he had them replaced with new ones immediately. And if the poor who came for fish were too weak handed to haul the seine themselves, they needed but to apply to the overseer, who had orders from Washington to send hands to help them.
Thus all the poor had it in their power to come down in the season, and catch the finest fish for themselves and their families. In what silver floods were ever yet caught the herrings, which could have given to Washington what he tasted, on seeing the poor driving away from his shores, with carts laden with delicious fish, and carrying home, whooping and singing to their smiling wives and children, the rich prize, a whole year's plenty.
In all his charities, he discovered great judgment and care in selecting proper objects. Character was the main chance. Mount Vernon had no charms for lazy, drunken, worthless beggars. Persons of that description knew very well that they must take their application elsewhere.
He never failed to remind them of the great crime of robbing the public of their services, and also the exceeding cruelty and injustice of snapping up from the really indigent, what little charity bread was stirring. But if the character were good-- if the poor petitioner were a sober, honest, and industrious person, whom Providence had by sickness or losses reduced to want--he found a brother in Washington.
It is incredible what quantities of wool, corn, bacon, flour, clothes, etc., were annually distributed to the poor, from the almost exhaustless heap, which the blessings of Heaven bestowed on this, its industrious and faithful steward.
"I had orders," said Mr. Peake, a sensible, honest manager of one of Washington's plantations, "to fill a corn-house every year, for the sole use of the poor in my neighbourhood, to whom it was a most seasonable and precious relief; saving numbers of poor women and children from miserable famine, and blessing them with a cheerful plenteousness of bread."
Mr. Lund Washington, long a manager of his Mount Vernon estate, had similar orders. One year when corn was so dear (a dollar per bushel) that numbers of the poor were on the point of starving, Mr. L. Washington, by order of the general, not only gave away all that could be spared from the granaries, but bought at that dear rate, several hundred bushels for them!
Anecdote of Washington.
The town of Alexandria, which now flourishes like a green bay tree, on the waters of the Potomac, was 50 years ago, but a small village. But though small, it was lovely. Situated on the fine plain which banks the western margin of the river, and with snow white domes glistening through the trees that shook their green heads over the silver flood, it formed a view highly romantic and beautiful.
Hence the name of the place at first was Bellhaven. But, with all the beauties to the eye, Bell- haven had no charms for the palate. Not that the neighbourhood of Bellhaven was a desert; on the contrary, it was, in many places, a garden spot abounding with luxuries. But its inhabitants, though wealthy, were not wise. By the successful culture of tobacco they had made money.
And having filled their coach-houses with gilt carriages, and their dining rooms with gilt glasses, they began to look down on the poorer sort, and to talk about families. Of course it would never do for such great people to run market carts!! Hence the poor Bellhavenites, though embosomed in plenty were often in danger of gnawing their nails; and unless they could cater a lamb from some good-natured peasant, or a leash of chickens from the Sunday negroes, were obliged to sit down with long faces to a half-graced dinner of salt meat and Johnny cake.
This was the order of the day, A. D. '5g, when Washington, just married to the wealthy young Mrs. Custis, had settled at Mount Vernon, nine miles below Bellhaven. The unpleasant situation of the families at that place soon reached his ear. To a man of his character, with too much spirit to follow a bad example, when he had the power to set a good one, and too much wit to look for happiness any where but in his own bosom, it could not long be questionable what part he had to act.
A market cart was instantly constructed; and regularly, three times a week, sent off to Bellhaven, filled with nice roasters, kidney covered lamb and veal, green geese, fat ducks, chickens by the basket, fresh butter, new laid eggs, vegetables, and fruit of all sorts.
Country gentlemen, dining with their friends in town, very soon marked the welcome change of diet. "Bless us all!" exclaimed they, "what's the meaning of this? You invited us to family fare, and here you've given us a lord mayor's feast." "Yes," replied the others, "thank God for sending Colonel Washington into our neighbourhood."
Thus, it was discovered, to the extreme mortification of some of the little great ones, that Colonel Washington should ever have run a market cart !! But the better sort, who generally, thank God, have sense enough to be led right, provided they can get a leader, soon fell into the track; and market carts were soon seen travelling in abundance to town with every delicacy of the animal and vegetable republics.
Thus the hungry wall which pride had raised against Bellhaven was happily demolished. A flood tide of blessings rolled in from the neighbouring country. The hearts of the merchants felt a fresh pulse of love for their brothers, the farmers: and even the little children, with cheeks red as the apples they seized, were taught to lisp the praises of God. And all this, reader, through the active benevolence of one man.
The following anecdote was related to me by his excellency Governor Johnson (Maryland), one of the few surviving heroes of '76.
"You seem, sir," said he addressing himself to me, "very fond of collecting anecdotes of Gen. Washington. Well, I'll tell you one, to which you may attach the most entire faith; for I have heard it a dozen times and oftener, from the lips of a very valuable man and a magistrate, in Conestoga, a Mr. Conrad Mogmyer."
"Just before the revolutionary war," said Mr. Mogmyer, " I took a trip for my health's sake to the Sweet Springs of Virginia, where I found a world of people collected; some, like me, looking for health, others for pleasure. In consequence of the crowd, I was at first rather hard run for lodgings; but at length was lucky enough to get a mattress in the hut of a very honest baker of my acquaintance, who often visited the springs for the benefit of his oven.
Being the only man of the trade on the turf, and well skilled in the science of dough, he met with no small encouragement: and it was really a subject of surprise to see the heaps of English loaves, Indian pones, French bricks, cakes, and crackers, which lay piled on his counter every morning. I often amused myself in marking the various airs and manners of the different waiters, who, in gay liveries and shining faces, came every morning, rattling down their silver, and tripping away with their bread by the basket.
Among those gay looking sons and daughters of Africa, I saw every now and then, a poor Lazarite, with sallow cheek and hollow eye, slowly creeping to the door, and at a nod from the baker, eagerly seize a fine loaf and bear it off without depositing a cent. Surely, thought I to myself, this baker must be the best man, or the greatest fool in the world.
But fearing that this latter cap best fitted his pericranium, I one morning could not help breaking my mind to him, for crediting his bread to such very unpromising dealers. " Stophel," for that was his name, "you seem," said I, "to sell a world of bread here every day; but, notwithstanding that, I fear you don't gain much by it."
"No! 'squire ? What makes you think so? "
"You credit too much, Stophel."
"Not I indeed, sir, not I. I don't credit a penny."
"Ay! how do you make that out, Stophel, don't I see the poor people every day carrying away your bread, and yet paying you nothing? "
"Pshaw, no matter for that, 'squire. They'll pay me all in a lump at last."
"At last! At last! O ho, at the last day, I suppose you mean, Stophel; when you have the conscience to expect that God Almighty will stand paymaster, and wipe off all your old scores for you, at a dash."
"Oh no I 'squire, we poor bakers can't give such long credit, but I'll tell you how we work the matter. T'he good man Colonel George Washington is here. Every season as soon as he comes, he calls and says to me, 'Stophel, you seem to have a great deal of company; and some, I fear, who don't come here for pleasure, and yet, you know, they can't do without eating.
Though pale and sickly, they must have bread. But it will never do to make them pay for it. Poor creatures! they seem already low spirited enough through sickness and poverty. Their spirits must not be sunk lower by taking from them every day what little money they have pinched from their poor families at home. I'll tell you what's to be done, Stophel.
You must give each of them a good hot loaf every morning; and charge it to me. When I am going away, I'll pay you all I ' And believe me, 'squire, he has often, at the end of the season, paid me as much as 80 dollars, and that too for poor creatures who did not know the hand that fed them; for I had strict orders from him not to mention a syllable of it to any body."
But though so kind to the bodies, Washington was still more kind and costly in his charities to the minds of the poor. Sensible that a republican government, that is, a government of the people, can never long subsist where the minds of the people are not enlightened, he earnestly recommended it to the citizens of the United States, to promote, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the general diffusion of knowledge.
In this, as indeed in all other cases where any thing great or good was to be done, Washington led the way.
He established a charity school in Alexandria, and endowed it with a donation of four thousand dollars. The interest was regularly paid and expended on the education of fifteen boys. My young friend, the reverend Mr. Wiley, who, for talents, taste, and classical erudition, has few superiors in America, was educated by Washington.
In 1785, the assembly of his native state, Virginia, "desirous to embrace," as they said, "every suitable occasion of testifying their sense of the unexampled merits of George Washington, Esq.," presented him with fifty shares in the Potomac, and one hundred shares in the James River Navigation Company, making, in the whole, the important sum of ten thousand pounds sterling!
Of this public act, they requested the governor to transmit Washington a copy. In answer he addressed a letter to the governor, in which, "I take the liberty," says he, "of returning to the general assembly, through your hands, the profound and grateful acknowledgments inspired by so signal a mark of their beneficent intentions towards me."
He goes on to beg that they would excuse his determined resolution not to accept a farthing of it for his own use--"But," continued he, "if it should please the general assembly to permit me to turn the destination of the fund vested in me, from my private emolument, to objects of a public nature, it shall be my study, in selecting, to prove the sincerity of my gratitude for the honour conferred on me, by preferring such as may appear most subservient to the enlightened and patriotic view of the legislature."
They were cheerfully submitted to his disposal; and, according to promise, he appropriated them to works of the greatest utility: viz: his shares in James River canal, to a college in Rockbridge county, near the waters of James River; and his Potomac shares to a national university, to be erected in the federal district, on the great Potomac.
How noble and disinterested were his wishes for the good of his country! As if incapable of being satisfied with all that he had done for her while living, he endeavoured, by founding those noble institutions for the diffusion of knowledge and virtue, to make himself her benefactor when he should cease to live in this sublunary world.
Since the idea is perfectly correct, that the great Governor of the world must look with peculiar benignity on those of his children who most nearly resemble him in benevolence, may we not indulge the pleasing hope, that these colleges, founded by such a hand, shall prove the nurseries of the brightest genius and virtue; and that from their sacred halls will proceed in endless succession, the mighty Washingtons, and Jeffersons, the Franklins and Madisons of future times!
O that Columbia may live before God! and that the bright days of her prosperity may never have an end!
Washington's behaviour to the generous Fayette ought never to be forgotten.
When that glorious young nobleman heard that Lord North had passed against America the decree of slavery; and that the American farmers with their rusty firelocks and pitchforks, in front of their shrieking wives and children, were inch by inch disputing the soil against a hireling soldiery, the tears gushed from his eyes.
He tore himself from the arms of the loveliest, fondest of wives; flew to his sovereign for permission to fight; turned into powder and arms every livre that he could raise; and, in a swift sailing frigate rushing through the waves to America, presented himself before Washington.
Washington received him as his son, and gave him command. Under the eye of that hero he fought and conquered. Having aided to fix the independence of strangers, he hastened back to France, to liberate his own country.


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Added: Amritanshu Prasad's answer makes it clear that I am really asking for a description of the group of integer unimodular matrices $P$ such that $D^{-1}PD$ is also integer. These matrices are characterized by the property that the elements below the diagonal satisfy certain divisibility properties, namely that for $j\lt i$, the element $p_{ij}$ is divisible by $d_i/d_j$. (The latter is integer by assumption on $D$.) My question was whether there is a simple set of generators for this group.
Amritanshu Prasad's answer provides a nice set of generators when the elements of each row, rather than being integers, are taken modulo a certain number. I will have to think about whether this helps with the problem that motivated the question originally. Meanwhile, I am still interested in finding out what is known about this question in the integer case.
Original post: Let $M$ be a nonsingular integer $n\times n$ matrix with invariant factors $d_1,\ldots,d_n$ satisfying $d_j\mid d_{j+1}$ for $1\le j\lt n$ and $d_j\gt0$ for $1\le j\le n$. Let $D=\mathrm{diag}(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ be the Smith normal form of $M$. There is a pair of integer unimodular matrices $(P_1,Q_1)$ such that $P_1MQ_1=D$, but $(P_1,Q_1)$ is not uniquely determined. I am trying to understand this nonuniqueness.
Suppose that $P_1MQ_1=P_2MQ_2=D$. Define $P$ and $Q$ to be the integer unimodular matrices that satisfy $P_2=PP_1$ and $Q_2=Q_1Q$. Then $PDQ=D$. We call such a pair $(P,Q)$ an automorphism of $D$, and are interested in characterizing the group consisting of all automorphisms of $D$.
Define the elementary matrices $S_{ij}$, $N_i$, $L_{ij}(a)$ as follows:
- $S_{ij}M$ interchanges rows $i$ and $j$ of $M$;
- $N_iM$ multiplies row $i$ of $M$ by $-1$;
- $L_{ij}(a)M$ adds $a$ times row $j$ of $M$ to row $i$ of $M$, where $a$ is a nonzero integer.
With these definitions, some elementary pairs that satisfy $PDQ=D$ are:
- $(P,Q)=(S_{ij},S_{ij})$ for any $1\le i\lt j\le n$ such that $d_i=d_j$,
- $(P,Q)=(N_i,N_i)$ for any $1\le i\le n$,
- $(P,Q)=(L_{ij}(1),L_{ij}(-d_j/d_i))$ for any $1\le i\lt j\le n$,
- $(P,Q)=(L_{ij}(-d_i/d_j),L_{ij}(1))$ for any $1\le j\lt i\le n$.
My question is: Do these four types of pair generate the entire automorphism group?
I initially thought that this would be a straightforward question to answer, and that the answer would be 'yes', but now I am fairly sure it is not so simple. For example, consider the smallest nontrivial form, $D=\begin{bmatrix}1 & 0\\ 0 & r\end{bmatrix}$ with $r>1$. Writing $P=\begin{bmatrix}a & b\\ c & d\end{bmatrix}$ with $\lvert ad-bc\rvert=1$, the relation $Q=D^{-1}P^{-1}D$ implies that $Q=(ad-bc)^{-1}\begin{bmatrix}d & -br\\ -c/r & a\end{bmatrix}$, which is integer when $r\mid c$. Hence the most general pair is $(P,Q)=\left(\begin{bmatrix}a & b\\ rc' & d\end{bmatrix},(ad-rbc')^{-1}\begin{bmatrix}d & -rb\\ -c' & a\end{bmatrix}\right)$ with $\lvert ad-rbc'\rvert=1$. For the subgroup satisfying $ad-rbc'=1$, we therefore require that $P$ be an element of the congruence subgroup $\Gamma_0(r)$ and that $Q=\rho(Q)$ where $\rho:\Gamma_0(r)\rightarrow\Gamma^0(r)$ is the map $\begin{bmatrix}a & b\\c & d\end{bmatrix}\mapsto\begin{bmatrix}d & -rb\\-c/r & a\end{bmatrix}$. We obtain the full automorphism group by including, in addition to the generators $(\gamma,\rho(\gamma))$ where $\gamma$ is a generator of $\Gamma_0(r)$, the generators $(N_1,N_1)$ and $(N_2,N_2)$.
The problem with this is that the set of generators 1–4 appears not to be adequate for the case $r=5$, for example. Andy Putman's question Generators for congruence subgroups of SL_2 seems relevant in this regard, although it is concerned with generators of $\Gamma(r)$ rather than $\Gamma_0(r)$. The Grosswald and Frasch references in Ignat Soroko's answer to that question provide a set of generators that freely generates $\Gamma(p)$ for $p$ an odd prime; this set contains many generators in addition to 1–4, and the number of generators grows as $p^3$.
It would therefore appear that, if the picture for $\Gamma_0(r)$ is similar to that of $\Gamma(r)$, and if Frasch's requirement of free generation is not the origin of all this complication, then the answer to my question is no, at least in the case where $n=2$ and $r$ is a prime greater than 3. On the other hand, a remark in Andy Putman's question suggests to me that the situation may be considerably simpler for $n>2$, and that there's a chance that the generators 1–4 suffice. I am not, however, sure that congruence subgroups are the relevant concept for $n>2$. Also, for $n=2$, I wonder whether adding the single extra generator $L_{12}(1)$ to Frasch/Grosswald's set would generate all $P$?
This leads to the following additional questions:
- Is the above understanding of $n=2$ correct? If so, what is the smallest set of generators one can write down?
- Do 1–4 generate the automorphism group for $n>3$? If so, how and where is this proved?

subset: commoncrawl


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There aren't any open polls.
This is an ACTIVE Meetup Group... if you are sensitive to being invited to our events, please note that we schedule about 4-8 events a month. We try to keep emails down to the announcements of the actual movies, and then only to those that RSVP "yes" to a specific event. Other than that, I try to not send out more than one mass non-event email every few months.
Our basic mission: To see significant and/or interesting films playing in the greater San Francisco Bay Area and then to go somewhere close by afterwards to eat, drink, share company and discuss the films we just watched.
The philosophy of the BAFS is to allow a network of wonderful Assistant Organizers to thrive and coordinate film outings at least every other week. Our goal is that this horizontal arrangement can continue, and that potential member hosts will schedule outings in the South, East and North Bay.
My personal hope is that this group will continue to meet the needs of all members, no matter the type of movie each is personally interested in. I believe in empowering people to make the group what they want, so I am very generous in applying the assistant organizer position to those who request it. All I ask is that the events are Bay Area based, movie specific, and do not cost anything above theater admission prices to attend.
Also, be sure to check the Message Board periodically for various pertinent announcements, freebies, etc.
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A Review of Billions of Tweets Shows a Drop in Global Happiness, Scientists Claim
By Cari Nierenberg
WebMD Health News
Latest Mental Health News
Reviewed by Laura J. Martin, MD
Dec. 22, 2011 -- Twitter users may be less happy than they used to be, say University of Vermont scientists.
They analyzed billions of tweets over nearly three years and found that happiness is on a downward slide.
It's unusual for researchers to use Twitter to sense people's moods, though another recent study did so.
In the new study, scientists analyzed the word content of more than 4 billion tweets posted by 63 million Twitter users worldwide. The tweets went out between September 2008 and mid-September 2011. The tweets offer almost an instant look over the "collective shoulder of society" in near-real time, researcher Peter Dodds, PhD, says in a news release. He is an associate professor at the college of engineering and mathematical sciences at the University of Vermont in Burlington.
Volunteers read the tweets and then rated the "happiness" quality of the words in those tweets, using a scale from one (saddest) to nine (most happy).
For example, the word "laughter" got an average rating of 8.5, "food" scored a 7.44, "greed" came in at 3.06, and "terrorist" at 1.30.
The research is published online in the journal PLoS ONE.
Happiness in 140 Characters or Less
Scientists applied this sad-to-happy word rating scale and other mathematical formulas to the billions of tweets they collected. They observed that for happiness, "after a gradual upward trend that ran from January to April 2009 ... there was a gradual downward trend, accelerating somewhat over the first half of 2011," the researchers write.
There were drops in happiness during the bailout of the U.S. financial system in 2008 and when the H1N1 flu pandemic hit in 2009. That same year, the death of singer Michael Jackson caused the largest single-day drop in happiness, while Osama bin Laden's death in 2011 resulted in the study's lowest happiness day.
The Twitter data provided other intriguing insights:
- Happiest day of the week: Saturday, closely followed by Friday and Sunday.
- Least happy day of the week: Tuesday.
The happiest hour of the day: 5-6 a.m. That's when tweets contained more positive words and fewer negative ones. Happiness sharply dropped until noon, and then had a more gradual decline until the day's average low point between 10 p.m. and 11 p.m.
Even the use of curse words in tweets had a predictable daily cycle: Swearing reached its high point around 1 a.m. and a low between 5 a.m. and 6 a.m.
"These patterns suggest a gradual, on-average, daily unraveling of the human mind," the researchers write. At least among those who tweet.
SOURCES: Dodds, P.S. PLoS ONE, published online Dec. 7, 2011.News release, University of Vermont.
©2011 WebMD, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
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Events for February 1, 2019 › For Adults
Events Search and Views Navigation
All Day
Art and Heritage Tour
Free EventsFor Adults
The Maitland Regional Art Gallery – Art and Heritage Tour is an audio tour of the art and history that make the Art Gallery a unique cultural site. The content draws on artists' voices, oral histories, historical documents, and old and new photographs. Available at reception desk, and as a free appFind out more »


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Cameo Garment 2 Lifestyle Dart Case
****Main image is case that you will receive. Other photos are for example only****
Compact and stylish dart case Scudo with DROP SLEEVE 2 from CAMEO. Gorgeous looking yet slim body with great dart items accommodation.
Inside flap card holder. zipper pouch for extra shafts and barrels. Tip holders. Extra zipper pouch on backside for tips and shafts. There are also Rings for extra accessory clips.
Adjustable Cameo Drop Sleeve 2 included. Whether your darts are long or short, this case will accomodate them!
Particularly well-suited for other L-Style products.
Details:The 2nd version of the equally popular Cameo Garment case.
Adjustable length for any darts set.
Zippered pocket in the back is very useful for storing small items such as tips. It also has holders for barrels and shafts.
Vintage-like colors and texture.
Drop Sleeve version 2 is included for full protection of darts.
Length: 6"(adjustable)
Width: 3"
Depth: 2"
-Storage Capacity
More than 2 sets of darts
Tip Throttle
Card Pocket
Multi-use Pocket
Conversion Pocket
Synthetic Leather
*for sale you will revcieve the color listed. other pictures are for demonstration only.


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Women reach deciding phase in Berlin, men just get started
Berlin, Germany, June 19, 2014 – While the women's tournament reached the deciding knockout phase at the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour Berlin smart Grand Slam, the men finished the first two rounds of pool play on Thursday.
In the men's tournament there were some upsets, Moscow champions Semenov/Krasilnikov lost both of their matches and world champions Brouwer/Meeuwsen lost one.
The women's top teams stayed on track. Last year's winners Talita/Taiana, Moscow champions April Ross and Kerri Walsh and European champions Meppelink/Van Iersel all topped the pool with three straight wins.
American qualifiers upset Moscow champions in Berlin
John Hyden and Tri Bourne got
off to a good start on the first day of main draw of the FIVB Beach Volleyball
World Tour Berlin smart Grand Slam.
Impressive start for Doherty and Lucena in Berlin main draw
After qualifying on Wednesday
for the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour Berlin smart Grand Slam, Ryan Doherty
and Nick Lucena showed off some great play in main draw on Thursday.
Germany's Borger/Büthe delight the home crowd with third win
While two other German teams
finished last in their pool at the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour Berlin
smart Grand Slam, Karla Borger and Britta Büthe kept the hopes up for the home
USA's Ross/Walsh on track for back-to-back gold
April Ross and Kerri Walsh
seem right on track for another gold medal after they won the Moscow Grand Slam
last week. The American top team on Thursday won their final round robin match
against Australia's Louise Bawden and Taliqua Clancy (21-15, 21-15) to top the
The Berlin smart Grand Slam continues on Friday with the final pool round and first knockout round for the men and the first and second elimination rounds for the women.
Berlin is hosting a FIVB World Tour women's event for the 9th time and a men's event for the 15th time. After the $800.000 Berlin smart Grand Slam the FIVB World Tour continues its seven-event swing through Europe.
There are three more double-gender FIVB Grand Slams on the European continent: the FIVB Stavanger Grand Slam in Norway (June 24-28), the FIVB Gstaad Grand Slam in Switzerland (July 8-13) and finally the FIVB Transavia Grand Slam, played in three different cities in the Netherlands (July 15-20), but based in The Hague.


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Michigan cases tied to meningitis outbreak hit 201
CONSTANTINE (AP) -- A national outbreak of fungal meningitis linked to contaminated steroids has infected at least 201 people in Michigan.
The Michigan Department of Community Health says there have been 67 meningitis cases as of Monday. There also have been 120 epidural abscesses, one stroke and 13 joint infections.
The total of 201 infections is up from 197 in Friday's count.
There have been 13 deaths in Michigan, including three state residents who died after contracting infections in Indiana.
The meningitis outbreak is linked to contaminated steroids produced by a Massachusetts pharmacy used in injections for neck or back pain.


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What does success smell like? If you ask Donald Trump, he might say juniper, iced red currant and hints of coriander.
Trump is taking another crack at joining a long line of celebrities with their own fragrance brands. Success by Trump is being manufactured byPerfumania Holdings'Five Star Fragrance unit, and will be available atMacy'sstarting this month.
Trump, who made his last attempt at a fragrance brand in 2004, couldn't have picked a better time to try again. According to market researcher NPD Group, sales of prestige fragrancesrose 11 percent in 2011, the strongest showing in 15 years.
Celebrity fragrance sales outpaced the overall fragrance category, rising 57 percent from 2010 to 2011. Those sales were largely driven by celebrity brands for women.
Trump's new fragrance will be advertised on television and in a print campaign, featuring Miss Universe Ximena Navarrete.
According to the press release, the scent "exudes sophistication and confidence."
The Success by Trump line will include two different sizes of fragrance, an after-shave splash and a deodorant, all priced between $14 and $55.
The real estate developer has licensed his name for a wide array of products from men's apparel to eyewear to home furnishings such as lighting and crystal.
Trump serves as chairman and president of the Trump Organization.
Questions? Comments? Email us at email@example.com. Follow Christina Cheddar Berk on Twitter @ccheddarberk.
Questions? Comments? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow Christina Cheddar Berk on Twitter @ccheddarberk.


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What the Heck is Art? UCAN International's Satirical Music Video with a Gangnam-Style Flavor Hits YouTube
Jan 17, 2013, 11:35 ET
CLEARWATER, Fla., Jan. 17, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- The controversial new music video What the Heck is Art? lampoons incomprehensible and meaningless modern artworks. It has already sparked widespread discussion about the definition of Art. Check it out on YouTube at http://youtu.be/vSTLOFCxU-8
(Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20130117/PH44271 )
"All pathways in art are wide open for charlatanism. The audience can't find any comfort or elevation from the arts. All of the cunning, the rich, the idle, and the strainers for effect searching for the new, the strange and the offensive. Since Cubism and even earlier I myself satisfied the critics with endless jokes which they increasingly admired the less they were able to understand. With this game I acquired fame." - Pablo Picasso
"The Art Mafia have mounted a decades long brainwashing campaign with the effect that intelligent people, who in other domains are completely rational, lose their self-confidence and say, 'Maybe it's really art but I can't really say. I haven't the expertise.' The proponents of the Modern are very clever pranksters. Indeed, many of them freely admit it when they get a bit drunk." - Ephraim Kishon, Art critic.
Art Defined: Art is a thing (such as a painting, sculpture, music, play, lyrics, choreography, film, etc.) created by a person with high technical skills which conveys a message, an idea, a feeling or an atmosphere, and is intended to be received by an audience. Art is there for the audience.
The production of the video was sponsored by the cultural betterment organization UCAN (Understanding your Creative and Aesthetic Nature). UCAN was co-founded by professional artist and film producer Ulli Kampelmann with the purpose to return Art to its traditional definition in order to bring clarity, simplicity and understanding to the fields of Art and Aesthetics.
Visit www.ucaninternational.org for more information.
Ulli Kampelmann
President UCAN
UCAN International
This press release was issued through eReleases® Press Release Distribution. For more information, visit http://www.ereleases.com.
SOURCE UCAN International


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Take a 'Virtual Dive' around Lady Elliot Island with Catlin Seaview Survey!
We are very proud to be the preferred location partners of Catlin Seaview Survey, a series of scientific expeditions to explore and survey the world's coral reefs.
The Catlin Seaview Survey is creating a baseline record of the world's coral reefs, in high-resolution 360-degree panoramic vision. It will enable change to be clearly monitored over time and will help scientists, policy makers and the public at large to see and understand the issues reefs are facing and work out what needs to be done to best protect coral reefs now and into the future. The Survey commenced in September 2012 on an icon of the natural world, the Great Barrier Reef. The team surveyed 32 reefs along the entire length of the Great Barrier Reef and out to the remote Coral Sea. In total 150km of reef were surveyed and recorded and the 105,000, GPS located, panoramic images from the survey are currently being analysed.
Developed and overseen by Chief Scientist, Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Director of the Global Change Institute at The University of Queensland, and independently reviewed by a panel of international experts, the Catlin Seaview Survey will create a baseline record of reefs (The Catlin Global Reef Record) that will allow scientists and the public at large to effectively monitor change in reef health over time.
Lady Elliot Island is the preferred location partner of the Catlin Seaview Survey due to its prime location on the Great Barrier Reef, as well as for the world class diving and snorkelling conditions found right on the island's doorstep.
Catlin Seaview Survey has established a global partnership with Google and the survey team used custom designed technology and the world's first underwater tablet-operated camera to collect 360 degree panoramic imager on the survey team's second pilot expedition to Lady Elliot island in May 2012. These images have been stitched together to allow people to find Lady Elliot Island on Google Maps and experience a Virtual Dive to explore the wonders of the reef on our coral cay.


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Terry Mills has spoken to ABC Local Radio from Japan about how he learned he lost his party's support when Adam Giles successfully challenged him for the leadership today. Click play to listen.
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Adam Giles, now the first Indigenous leader of Government in Australia, held a vote today which saw him knock Terry Mills from the top job.
Dumped Health Minister Dave Tollner also took the position of Deputy Leader, only one week after the resignation of Robyn Lambley and election of Willem Westra Van Holthe to the role.
The spill comes after months of uncertainty, compounded by last week's marathon Cabinet reshuffle meeting and initial attempted leadership challenge from Adam Giles after he was offered the Deputy position.
It also follows a 14 per cent swing to Labor in the Wanguri by-election, only four months after the CLP took power in the Northern Territory, signalling public backlash over the Government's increase to Power and Water prices.
Mr Giles, the Member for Braitling and 40 year old father of one, only spoke briefly to the media this afternoon, saying he was pleased to have the support of his party for the leadership.
Speaking to ABC Local Radio from Japan, Mr Mills said he learnt of the spill via a phone call from Willem Westra Van Holthe.
"He advised me that this is real, it appears there are numbers insufficient for me to continue. I then considered that, and...I then stepped aside from that commitment," he told 783 Drive presenter Rohan Barwick.
"I believe I have done the right thing all the way through and acted honourably as far as I possibly can.
"What's more important than my own ambitions and career are the expectations that Territorians have the Government will focus on the things that really matter.
"Obviously something's happened since I've been away and something's changed. I've yet to speak to Adam."
Mr Mills has cut short his trip in Japan to return to the Territory as soon as possible.
He says it is "not his style" to leave the party because of the challenge, but did not say whether he would resign from Government.
"I will work through with my wife how I will continue to serve in the best interests of the Territory."
When asked if the Government's decision to increase Power and Water prices might have lead to his demise, he said the whole of Cabinet was responsible for the increases.
It is not yet known which members of Cabinet voted with Mr Giles, especially after a public scolding from the Minister for Indigenous Advancement, Alison Anderson, who called Mr Giles a 'little boy' with a 'big ego'.
The leadership spill makes Terry Mills the shortest serving Chief Minister in the History of the Northern Territory.
The now fourth Cabinet reshuffle since the CLP took power in August last year is expected to be released in full tomorrow.
Former CLP leader approves
Former CLP Leader Jodeen Carney, who was herself challenged for the leadership by Terry Mills in 2008, says it's a good day for the Territory.
"It's a boil that really needed to be lanced and that's happened today," she told 783 Drive's Rohan Barwick.
"Clearly now the CLP can get on with governing and delivering for Territorians."
Ms Carney says Terry Mills was extremely disliked and should have stepped down for the good of the party.
"He demonstrated poor leadership, lack of direction and made a lot of people wonder whether this was going to be a first term government...in those circumstances it's appropriate that change occur."
"Last week we saw Ted Baillieu stand down for the good of the party...not Terry Mills, he was going to stay there for as long as he possibly could."
Ms Carney says word got out about the spill, which was why it happened sooner rather than later.
"I know for a fact that Adam and others are very disappointed that Mills was not given the opportunity for a dignified return...but word got out," she said.
"People are tracing sources now but it may have come from Terry Mills staff."
Northern Territory Senator Nigel Scullion has also welcomed the news saying it's time for complete stability.
"Obviously the numbers that Giles got gives him overwhelming support and I know that the people of the Northern Territory will be very pleased that we're entering into a period of stability."
The Country Liberals Senator would not be drawn on whether Terry Mills should have been given more time in the role, saying the focus should be on Giles.
"This is not only the first Indigenous Chief Minister of the Northern Territory, but the first Indigenous head of Government in the history of this country," he says.
"I'm happy to go and wobble and waltz around the machinations of who said what and maybe I'll slip up and I promise you I wont...but I think this is genuinely a time for significant excitement."
Adam Giles will be officially sworn in as Chief Minister tomorrow at 3.30pm.


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Commentary: Inexorable march toward war with Iran?
There were some things far more frightening this week than Halloween's small ghouls and goblins — and the scariest of all is the Bush administration's seemingly inexorable march toward military confrontation with Iran.
What ARE they smoking back there at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue? The very idea is dumb as a fencepost and best left to the biggest pied piper of what passes for neo-conservative thought, Norman Podhoretz. Yet both President George W. Bush and his able assistant, Vice President Darth Cheney, are marching to that tune and humming along lustily.
There is no crisis here, and no earthly reason to manufacture one on short notice, except for the fact that in under 15 months the Bush administration will pass ignominiously into history. Then a new chief executive can begin dealing with two ongoing wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, a national debt nearing $10 trillion, a terrorist threat to America only made stronger by eight years of Bush and Cheney, and a national economy trembling on the brink of recession.
As though that weren't a big enough mess to leave behind, like so much trash in an abandoned trailer home, these brilliant thinkers want to bequeath a third and far more dangerous war to whoever is unlucky enough to win the ongoing tussle of midgets that passes for a presidential contest.
There are two questions here: Why? And, why now?
Yes, the centrifuges are whirling away in Iran's deeply buried and widely dispersed nuclear facilities, enriching uranium that can be used to power electric generation plants and, it's true, can also be used to build nuclear weapons.
But most analysts say that even if Iran's ultimate ambition is to build a nuclear weapon, it will take them another five or six years before they get there. Some say even longer.
How about we take a deep breath and — once we have an administration in power that believes that it is far better to talk, talk, talk than it is to war, war, war — negotiate with Iran without all those preconditions so beloved by Bush and Cheney.
How about we do all we can to support the International Atomic Energy Agency and its goal of inspecting facilities like those in Iran to ensure that the product is used only for peaceful purposes.
If none of that works, we can count on one final fallback position: If and when Iran and its illustrious leader, Ahmad Uglydinnerjacket, get within reach of building a nuke, Israel will take out crucial parts of that system.
All of this argues against Bush and Cheney doing anything more than running their mouths and pretending to still be relevant, studly and in charge as they stumble blindly toward the finish line and history's harsh judgment.
The more thoughtful military and civilian advisers can rattle off a dozen reasons why an American attack on Iran at this juncture would be foolish in the extreme and risk setting the Middle East afire.
Just some of those reasons would include:
— Shutting down not only Iran's oil production but Iraq's as well, and possibly triggering Iranian retaliation against the oil production and shipping in other nations around the Persian Gulf. Are we ready for $300 a barrel oil?
— Putting 160,000 American troops and another 125,000 American and foreign contractors in Iraq at much greater risk, as neighboring Iran signals Shiite allies there to begin all-out war against us and sends in its own well-armed guerrillas to lead the attack. Our 250-mile main supply lines in Iraq run through the heart of Shiite-controlled southern Iraq, and they would be cut. If we think we have troubles now with the shaky Iraq national government in Baghdad, which has already snuggled up to Tehran, what would war with Iran bring?
— Risking confrontation with the newly oil-rich and energized Russian Federation and President Bush's ex-KGB soul-mate Vladimir Putin. Since Putin has his hand on the natural gas and oil pipelines that keep our presumed allies in Europe from freezing to death, it is wise to assume that any support for an American attack on his ally Iran would be slim to none.
— Assuming that any U.S. air war against Iran would not be enough by itself — and such air campaigns seldom are definitive in modern history — where would we find the ground forces capable of doing the really hard part? Our Army and Marine Corps are stretched to the breaking point maintaining the force level in Iraq and Afghanistan. We have no strategic reserves available to help secure our allies in the Persian Gulf, much less to mount any offensive inside Iran.
When you add it all up, you have your answer: No one in their right mind would believe that attacking Iran now makes any sense at all.
But that doesn't mean that Bush and Cheney won't do it.
There were a lot of reasons why a pre-emptive strike into Iraq based on flimsy and bogus intelligence and far too few troops made no sense, yet they did it anyway, with trademark arrogance and ignorance.
Be afraid. Be very afraid.


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Luka Babic found the back of the net against No. 15 Navy, but the Crimson fell, 20-5, Friday at Blodgett Pool (photo courtesy Gil Talbot).
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – Max Eliot opened the scoring 57 seconds into the game but No. 15 Navy rebounded to beat Harvard, 20-5, in the first round of the Collegiate Water Polo Association (CWPA) Eastern Championship at Blodgett Pool Friday. The loss sends the Crimson to the loser's bracket where they will compete at 3 p.m. Saturday.
After Eliot gave the Crimson a 1-0 lead, Navy proceeded to score four consecutive goals before Evan Zepfel cut into the Midshipmen lead with 1:06 remaining in the first period.
Navy added to its lead in the second with its ability to convert man-up advantages and also added a penalty shot to outscore the Crimson, 7-1, in the frame. The Midshipmen took a 12-3 lead into halftime and posted identical 4-1 tallies in the third and fourth quarters to finalize the decision, 20-5.
The Crimson, the Northern Division No. 4 seed, received goals from John Holland-McCowan, Luka Babic and Kevin DiSilvestro during the match.
Harvard was 1-for-4 on sprints and 1-for-6 in advantage opportunities in the loss.
The Crimson will face Bucknell, who lost a one-goal decision to No. 18 Brown, tomorrow afternoon. A win puts Harvard in the fifth-place game at 11:30 a.m. Sunday, while a loss drops the squad to the seventh-place game at 10 a.m.


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Special Report tag team returns: FOX's Garrett, Angle, and Birnbaum misled viewers on CBO tax study
After the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office released a study appearing to support the contention of many Democrats that tax cuts passed by President George W. Bush and the Republican-led Congress have overwhelmingly benefited the wealthy, reporters and analysts on the August 13 edition of FOX News Channel's Special Report with Brit Hume presented various misleading explanations of the study's findings in an apparent attempt to blunt criticism of the tax cuts.
While articles in The New York Times ("Report Finds Tax Cuts Heavily Favor the Wealthy") and The Washington Post ("Tax Burden Shifts to the Middle") detailed the report's main conclusion -- that the middle class has assumed a larger portion of the overall federal tax burden as a result of Bush's tax cuts -- Special Report repeatedly ignored this finding.
For example, while interviewing William W. Beach, director of the conservative Heritage Foundation's Center for Data Analysis, FOX News senior White House correspondent Jim Angle showed a mislabeled graphic chart apparently intended to blur the distinction between the total federal tax burden (including corporate and individual income taxes, payroll taxes, and excise taxes) -- which, according to the CBO study, shifted away from the wealthy and onto the middle class -- and the income tax burden, which, according to the study, has shifted toward the wealthy as a result of the Bush tax cuts.
While Angle narrated, the chart was displayed comparing the share of federal taxes paid by the wealthiest one percent and the wealthiest 20 percent of Americans in 2001 (before Bush's tax cuts), with the same groups' share in 2004. Though the chart's title was "Share of Total Tax Burden" [emphasis added], the numbers shown were the income tax numbers from the CBO report. This falsely suggested that the Bush tax cuts resulted in wealthy taxpayers assuming a larger share of the total tax burden. Angle briefly referred to "some numbers that show the middle class paying more" (the total tax burden numbers) before he quickly moved on to the income tax numbers -- favored by the Bush-Cheney '04 campaign -- that also appeared on the chart:
ANGLE: He [Kerry] also said, "The burden is shifting to the middle class." And there are some numbers in the tables from the CBO that show the middle class paying more. [total tax burden numbers shown] Now, here you see, this [income tax numbers shown] is on the wealthy paying more. The top 1 percent is actually paying 32.3 percent, only 31.6 percent before the tax cut. Before the tax cut, the top 20 percent were paying about 78 percent. Now they're paying 82 [percent]. So the burden has gone up on the wealthiest taxpayers.
Angle's decision to focus solely on income tax burden while dismissing the total federal tax burden as "some numbers" is like a sports writer reporting that team A hit more free throws than team B, while claiming the winner and final score are irrelevant.
When the "FOX All-Stars" convened at the end of the show, Washington Post staff writer (and FOX News Channel political contributor) Jeffrey H. Birnbaum similarly tried to shift the focus away from the overall tax burden and onto income taxes:
BIRNBAUM: The politically salient question is different than the one we've been discussing here. That is, what was the effect of the Bush-initiated income tax cuts? And the answer to that is that the upper-income people actually pay more of a share than those in the middle class ... of the total income taxes paid. And so, it is the exact opposite case than the Democrats are making. In fact, the income tax, after the Bush income tax cuts, is more progressive than it was beforehand.
During the same program, FOX News general assignment reporter Major Garrett also reported on the CBO study and suggested that an important statistic was missing; the statistic he cited was in fact false. Garrett then joined Angle and Birnbaum in focusing narrowly on the income tax figures, which make Bush's tax policy appear more equitable:
GARRETT: The report fails to show that the Bush tax cuts removed 14 million poor taxpayers from the income tax rolls entirely. But it does show that the Bush tax cuts mean that on a percentage basis the wealthiest households now pay a larger share of federal income taxes under Bush than they did under Clinton.
According to an April 9 press release from the U.S. Treasury Department, only 5 million Americans no longer owe federal taxes because of the Bush administration's tax cuts.


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Let's face it, searching for a quality used car in Oklahoma at a great price in a reasonable manner can be exhausting. With cities ranging in size from Oklahoma City down to tiny Kaw City, and hundreds of miles in between, just the driving from dealership to dealership could take entire weekends. So make your used car search in Oklahoma as efficient and productive as possible and start on CarsDirect.
No matter what you are looking for, from a farm truck to a Ferrari, CarsDirect can help you find that perfect used car in Oklahoma. It's as simple as entering your zip code and as much or as little information as you wish. You can be as vague as body style or as specific as year, make, model and color -- down to specific options such as leather seats and navigation. The more you enter, the closer CarsDirect will search through the million and and half used cars available to find a list of vehicles that most closely match what you are looking for.
Once you've found the right car at the right price, CarsDirect doesn't stop there. We can also provide an accurate trade-in valuation. And when you're ready to make the purchase, CarsDirect can guide you towards several financing resources with competitive rates and terms for all types of credit.
From start to finish, you can depend on CarsDirect to assist you with your used car search in Oklahoma.Show More »
Please enter a valid email address.


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CDC's Toolkit for Managing Food Allergies in Schools (Webinar Recording and Recap)
On Wednesday, August 12, FARE was joined by Dr. Robin Wallin, Director of Health Services at Parkway District Schools, for a webinar presentation about the CDC's Tool Kit for Managing Food Allergies in Schools. The tool kit is a resource containing tip sheets, customizable PowerPoints, and podcasts geared for specific school audiences. Materials can be downloaded by school nurses, parents, and other health and safety advocates to help educate schools on supporting students with food allergies.
During the first half of the webinar, Wallin provided an overview of the tool kit and reviewed action steps that school staff members can take to prevent and manage allergic reactions in schools. Tool kit resources can be utilized by school administrators, teachers, transportation staff, school nurses, and more. Wallin stated, "While school administrator support and leadership is critical, managing food allergies in school is a team effort." All members of the school community, including parents, health care providers, and school personnel need to know how to help students with food allergies be safe, supported, and included at school.
The second half of the webinar was dedicated to a live Q&A session, where Wallin and FARE's Director of Education, Gina Clowes, fielded questions from participants on a variety of topics related to managing food allergies in schools.
Topics addressed included:
- Using non-food rewards in the classroom
- Section 504 plans vs. Individual Health Plans (IHP)
- Parental involvement in helping schools create a food allergy policy
- Supporting students with food allergies at PTO/PTA events
- Ensuring food allergy accommodations are both safe and inclusive of students
Below you will find a recording of the webinar and resources related to school food allergy management and the CDC guidelines.
[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wz93xLeN8po]
Resources referenced in this webinar:
Additional FARE webinars about managing food allergies at school:
- What Every Parent Must Know About Managing Food Allergies at School
Speaker: Gina Clowes
- Managing Food Allergies in the Early Care Setting
Speakers: Gina Mennett Lee & Laurel Francoeur
- CDC Guidelines: The Gold Standard for Food Allergy Management in Schools
Speaker: Karie Mulkowsky
Join our next webinar!
Not Only Surviving, but Thriving: A Webinar for Adults with Food Allergies
- Speaker: Stephanie Leonard, M.D.
- Wednesday, September 23, 1 p.m. ET
Back-to-School Resources
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Beat the winter doldrums by planning your trips to comics, gaming, cosplay, sci-fi, and DIY conventions now. Gen Con 2011, BlizzCon 2011, and SteamCon III are just three of the geeky cons listed.
We're in that part of winter when it's cold and snowy and, as my kid puts it, "everything is just blah, blah, blah." Gamers seem to accept this time of year better than most -- the colder it is outside, the more reason we have to stay in and play video games. But even those who escape to the amazing worlds inside games get cabin fever.
As airlines, hotels, and travel agencies offer great deals to encourage buyers, this is a great time to start planning your geek pilgrimages to various cons. Here is a list of some of the geekiest conventions scheduled for 2011. We'll add major conventions to the list when the dates and locations are announced.February 26-27: Miami Comic Con at the Miami Airport Convention Center. This year's highlights include the WWE Divas, Ray Park (Darth Maul, Star Wars Episode I), and Billy Dee Williams (Lando Calrissian, Star Wars Episodes V and VI). March 4-6: Emerald City Comiccon in Seattle. Special guests this year include Wil Wheaton, Tom Breevort (Marvel Comics), and Felicia Day. March 11-13: Star Trek Convention in San Francisco. Celebrating the 45th anniversary of Star Trek! Don't miss the Saturday evening Celebrity Cabaret. March 11-13: PAX East 2011 planning is underway. This year's event is being held in Boston. Get your tickets and reservations now, and pack a heavy coat...there's a good chance it will still be quite cold in Massachusetts. March 12-13: Maker Faire UK. Maker Faire will be held in several European and American locations this year. From Rockets & Robots to Arts & Crafts, if you love to make things, this is the con for you. March 18-20: Toronto Comic Con. Special guests include Jake Lloyd (Star Wars Episode 1) and Chandler Riggs (The Walking Dead). March 19-20: Brickworld in Indy. Two days of LEGO creation fun. March 25-27: MegaCon 2011 in Orlando, FL. Important tip: Get your Stan Lee autograph tickets in advance. March 25-27: EyeCon, which puts on celebrity autograph conventions nationwide, is holding the first Vampire Diaries Con, which will be in Atlanta, GA, tickets and reservations are still available. April 1-3: The same people who bring us Comic-Con are hosting WonderCon in San Francisco. Tickets are available for this April 1-3, 2011 event. The focus is on comics and popular arts; be sure to read the Masquerade rules and prepare your costume. April 29-May 1: Anaheim Comic Con. Phil Jimenez (X-Men artist) headlines along with Adam West (Batman) and Burt Ward (Robin). This con draws tens of thousands of fans from all over so get your hotel booked early. May 14-15: Movie geeks and model hobbyists enjoy WonderFest, held annually in Louisville, KY. Guest announcements are coming soon; hotel reservations are already available. (Note: Spring is a great time to visit Louisville because there's always lots to do.) May 21-22: Maker Faire in the Bay Area. The con to attend to if you love DIY projects. May 21-22: Big Apple Comic Con "Spring Edition". Headliners include Tom Felton (Harry Potter) and Jerry Robinson (creator of Batman's Robin and The Joker). June 15-19: Brickworld in Chicago. Full registration closes on May 18, 2011, and there will be no registrations at the door; tickets for Public Days will only be sold at the door. This year's theme is "Five." What can you build around the theme of Five? June 17-19: Philadelphia Comic Con. Headliners include Adam Baldwin (Firefly), and Bruce Campbell. Mr. Campbell usually draws a sizable crowd, so get your tickets ordered early. June 24-26: Star Trek Convention in Parsippany, NJ. Celebrating 45 years of Star Trek! Make sure to get your autograph and photo op tickets early. July 1-4: Registration is currently available for AnimeExpo 2011, which will be held in Los Angeles. Buy your badge and start working on your anime costume. July 1-4: Florida Supercon will be held in Miami. Extended this year to a four-day event. Hellboy artist Duncan Fegredo headlines this year. July 21-24: ComicCon 2011 International in San Diego, CA, will be the biggest geek event of the year. It's so big in fact that it's already sold out. (We decided to keep it in the list because it's still a must-know event.) July 30-31: Maker Faire in Detroit. This is the second annual Maker Faire Detroit, and really, where better but the home of the automobile? August 4-7: Gen Con, held in Indianapolis, IN, is for serious gamers. The event is family friendly and even hosts SPousal Activities (SPAs) for the gaming widow or widower. 2011 badges and tickets are not yet available. August 11-14: Trekkies, beam up to Las Vegas for Star Trek Con. This is the 45th anniversary of Star Trek, and the organizers have lots of special events in the works to celebrate. Gold weekend passes are already sold out, but other tickets are available. If you want to go, book soon. August 11-14: Chicago Comic Con Wizard World. James Marsters (Buffy, Angel, and Caprica) headlines along with Gareth David-Lloyd and Kai Owen (Torchwood), and the king himself, Bruce Campbell. August 25-28: FanExpo Canada will be held in Toronto. The event is extended to four days this year due to going over capacity last year. September 2-5: Dragon*Con. Held in Atlanta, Georgia, Dragon*Con is the largest multimedia SciFi and Fantasy con around. September 16-18: Horror Realm 2011. "Pittsburgh's Modern Horror Convention" features horror movies to watch, games to play (like the Ghoulywed Game), and this year's event offers a special Zombie Survival Course. September 17-18: New England Comic Con will be held in Boston. Special guests Walter Koenig (Star Trek) and Jake Lloyd (Star Wars) headline this year; more guests TBA. September 17-18: Maker Faire New York promises to be particularly interesting -- the Big Apple never disappoints. September 24-25: Big Apple Comic Con. It's Comic Con in NYC! September 30-October 2: Star Trek Convention in Chicago offers a chance to get to there if you haven't made it yet. October 1-2: BrickCon in Seattle showcases what those wacky West-coast builders can do with locking blocks. October 8-9: Girl Geek Con in Seattle. Get your geek girl cON and spend some time with the softer side of geek society. October 13-16: New York Comic Con is extended to four days this year. Also, there's an app for that, so you can keep up with the plans as they are announced. October 14-16: Steampunk enthusiasts, go ahead and mark your calendars for SteamCon III. Hotel reservations are already available, though tickets are not. October 14-16: FallCon is Calgary's Annual Boardgame and Miniatures Convention. As of July 11th, registration is now open for the event. October 21-22: BlizzCon, held in Anaheim, CA, offers gamers a chance to meet their guilds IRL (in real life) and enjoy tournaments, discussion panels, and a peek at Blizzard's upcoming games. October 22-23: Mid-Ohio Comic Con will be held in Columbus. Elektra artist Bill Sienkiewicz is already lined up for this one. More guests TBA. October 28-30: Central Canada Comic Con will be held in Winnipeg, MB. Wolverine and Spider Man artist Mark Texeira will be there. November 11-13: Austin Comic Con. Comic Con goes south for the winter. December 3-4: Atlanta Comic Con. Scheduled only several months after Dragon*Con, Atlanta Comic Con draws geeks back to the Georgia warmth -- just in time for winter.
Take this poll
Online resources about geeky conventions
This list is really the tip of the iceberg. There are many, many more conventions throughout the year. If your travel budget is small, check these resources to find a convention near you:
- CosPlay Lab features information on cosplay cons.
- The Convention Fans blog tracks con news.
- Steve Jackson Games has a good con list.
- SciFi Conventions follows news about sci-fi cons.
- The Collective offers information on model building cons.
Related Geekend blogs
Related photo galleries on TechRepublic
- Amazing LEGO creations from Brickworld 2010
- WonderCon 2010 draws in S.F.
- It's all DIY at Maker Faire
- 10 highlights of World Maker Faire
- Cool geek costumes from Florida Supercon 2009
- Comic-Con 2010: Sexy geeks in costume
- Gen Con Indy 2010: Best of show
- Star Trek Convention 2010
- Chicago Comic Con 2010: Wizard World geeks in costume
- Fan Expo 2010: Scenes from the convention
- Dragon*Con 2010: Highlights from the convention
- Horror Realm 2010: Photos from the convention
- LEGO creations on display at BrickCon 2010
- World of Warcraft, StarCraft, and Diablo costumes at BlizzCon 2010


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Rad Rides by Troy Does It Again, Building the World's Best Torino for the World's Biggest Car Guy
The stuff that rolls out of Troy Trepanier's Rad Rides by Troy shop continually raises the bar. The shop has produced a Ridler winner and collected many other awards and features in car mags. The shop's cars get a lot of attention before they're even finished. The '69 Ford Torino on these pages is one of those in-progress machines that are just so cool—even without paint—we have to show them to you.
This car has been on the cover of HOT ROD once before, on the May '10 issue celebrating such projects in progress, and on the Aug. '11 cover of Popular Hot Rodding. It's under construction for the legendary George Poteet, who can be considered a benefactor of Troy and many other builders, always having two or three builds going at once. George wants to debut a new car every year, and having many simultaneous projects is the way to do that. As we write this, he has this car and a Firebird at Troy's shop, a '36 Roadster at Eric Pratt's, a '32 Tudor at Alan Johnson's, and two '65 Mercury Comets in his own shop. But the Torino may be the best of the bunch.
Troy doesn't do anything half-assed, as evidenced here. He was ballsy enough to show the car at the '12 Grand National Roadster Show sans paint, and had a huge crowd around it during the entire show. Your author spent a good hour around, in, and under the thing, soaking up all the details, of which there are thousands. The concept was born in George's mind and relayed to Troy while the two were walking around the Columbus Goodguys show a few years ago. George already had a Mercury Cyclone, but, he says, "I always liked those [Torino] Talladegas. They were always a piece of s**t car, but they had a lot of history at Talladega and Daytona. This one's Talledega-inspired but with a Mercury pattern."
"Bottom line, I love cars! Any kind of car." — George Poteet
George sent his Cyclone to Troy's Illinois shop so the crew could study and measure it, George says, "Those Talladegas were so ugly 'cause the nose stuck out so far on 'em. I knew we were going to remake the front end; it's basically the same thing that Holman Moody did to those Talledagas—we just made it a lot shorter."
When the intense metalwork was done, the Torino was shortened 3 inches in the front fenders, widened 5 inches, and had a 1-inch-shorter-than-stock wheelbase. Pretty much everything on the car, except for the roof and doors, has been scratch-built. "We built the Torino in a Talladega style, but we moderned it up a bit," Troy says. It looks like a Torino to the casual eye, but look closer and you'll see that the body was Coke-bottled, meaning the rear quarters and front fenders are wider than stock and bulge out relative to the rocker panels. The grille and taillight bezels are CNC'd from large chunks of billet aluminum, the interior is full-on race car, with oval-shaped punch plates aplenty and a no-BS rollcage. Pop the hood and you'll find a genuine Boss 429 with a super-rare Ford experimental mechanical fuel-injection intake converted to EFI by Troy's boys. This engine will eventually be replaced with a newer Ford block and Kaase heads, built by Bob Sweeney at FX Engines to make in the neighborhood of 700 hp, and, in Troy's words, "Make it our own."
We tried to keep the whole race car mentality a little bit but fancied it up without getting gaudy and trinkety with it." -Troy Trepanier
The underpinnings consist of a heavily modified Art Morrison chassis with Art's standard C5 Corvette front suspension and a Detroit Speed four-link in the rear with a Watts link and a Mark Williams 9-inch axle. Rad Rides and Morrison have worked together on several such chassis, with Rad Rides designing it in CAD and Morrison bending the rails and setting up the front suspension, to which Rad Rides adds the rest of the car, including a complete rollcage. The body can be removed while leaving the chassis and 'cage intact.
What will George do with this car? Drive it, that's what. He's proved to be no shrinking violet when it comes to using his cars, having run over 300 mph in the Troy-built Blowfish Barracuda and regularly driving all of his stuff. Though the roof rails might lead you to believe that it'll see some action on the salt, this one's just going to be a play toy. Troy says, "We're gonna just do typical [stuff] with it; different events, Goodguys autocrosses, track events, the Power Tour®, Optima Challenge, that kind of thing. It's just a fun car to mess around with."
Back in '69: The '69 Ford Torino Talladega was designed to be more aerodynamic than a regular Torino to gain advantage on NASCAR speedways. David Pearson's Talladega (below) won the championship that year. Interestingly, the Ford Talladega won at Daytona, and the Dodge Daytona won at Talladega.
Professional Opinion: Steve Strope
In 2007, Steve Strope of Pure Vision built a '68 Dodge Charger (right) for George Poteet that was similar in ethic to the Talladega seen here. We asked Strope what he thought of Troy's buildup.
"Obviously, the car is psychotically amazing. The car delivers those 'holy mackerel, look at that' moments everywhere you go. Though it has the potential to go too far over the top…it has so many cool things to find on it that even the naysayers who may go, 'It's an ueber-dollar car and there are too many modifications and too much stuff done to it, ' if they can look at this car in the selfish manner of all the ideas they can get from this car that I guarantee you you never thought of, because ideas like this come from the mind of Troy. And that's why it's so awesome to see his stuff. It's not like ueber-mega new high-tech, it's old tech twisted in a subtle or outrageous way, depending on where you look. There's such graceful work done that there's something for everybody to take from this car, and go, 'I can do something like that in my own way.'"
These are just some of the images that readers weren't able to see in the magazine, but you can at hotrod.com!


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Mail Designer Pro 3.3.0 Multilingual MacOSX | 514 MB
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Web-based email marketing tools only offer a limited amount of creative flexibility. With the Mail Designer Pro app, you can easily create and optimize HTML emails via drag-and-drop. Thanks to the unique mobile-responsive editing features, you can optimize the desktop and mobile versions of your newsletter down to the last detail. For an inspirational boost, Mail Designer Pro includes over 70, ready-to-send free responsive newsletter templates.
* Use improved pixel-perfect graphic tools
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Rempelok - Contoh narrative text tentu saja tidak lepas dari beberapa jenis teks yang ada dalam bahasa Inggris. Narrative text sendiri adalah teks naratif yang dibahasainggriskan. Jadi antara bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris tidak terlalu berbeda materinya hanya saja bahasa yang membedakan dan beberapa materi pokok lainnya.
Rempelok - Contoh narrative text tentu saja tidak lepas dari beberapa jenis teks yang ada dalam bahasa Inggris. Narrative text sendiri adalah teks naratif yang dibahasainggriskan. Jadi antara bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris tidak terlalu berbeda materinya hanya saja bahasa yang membedakan dan beberapa materi pokok lainnya.
Contoh narrative text dalam bahasa inggrisAnda pasti sedang mencari berbagai contoh narrative text karena diberi tugas oleh pak guru atau bu guru di sekolah. Memang kita sebagai siswa atau murid susah untuk membuat sendiri apalagi yang baru mengenal materi narrative text.
Oke, bagi anda yang mencari contoh narrative text bukannya contoh descriptive text atau contoh announcement text bisa langsung menyimak tulisan di bawah ini secara lengkap dan tepat.
Contoh narrative text terbaru update
Narasi Pendek Bahasa Inggris : The legend of Toba LakeMasalah contoh lainnya yang lebih baru belum saya carikan. Atau jika anda punya contoh lainnya seputar narrative text bisa membaginya lewat komentar fb karena tidak terbatas untuk karakternya. Semoga artikel contoh narrative text ini berguna untuk anda.
Once upon a time, there was a man who was living in north Sumatra. He lived in a simple hut in a farming field. The did some gardening and fishing for his daily life.
One day, while the man was do fishing, he caught a big golden fish in his trap. It was the biggest catch which he ever had in his life. Surprisingly, this fish turned into a beautiful princess. He felt in love with her and proposed her to be his wife. She said; "Yes, but you have to promise not to tell anyone about the secret that I was once a fish, otherwise there will be a huge disaster". The man made the deal and they got married, lived happily and had a daughter.
Few years later, this daughter would help bringing lunch to her father out in the fields. One day, his daughter was so hungry and she ate his father's lunch. Unfortunately, he found out and got furious, and shouted; "You damned daughter of a fish". The daughter ran home and asked her mother. The mother started crying, felt sad that her husband had broke his promise.
Then she told her daughter to run up the hills because a huge disaster was about to come. When her daughter left, she prayed. Soon there was a big earthquake followed by non-stop pouring rain. The whole area got flooded and became Toba Lake. She turned into a fish again and the man became the island of Samosir.
Contoh narrative text : The Ugly Duckling
One upon time, a mother duck sat on her eggs. She felt tired of sitting on them. She just wished the eggs would break out.
Several days later, she got her wish. The eggs cracked and some cute little ducklings appeared. "Peep, peep" the little ducklings cried. "Quack, quack" their mother greeted in return.
However the largest egg had not cracked. The mother duck sat on it for several days. Finally, it cracked and a huge ugly duckling waddled out. The mother duck looked at him in surprise. He was so big and very gray. He didn't look like the others at all. He was like a turkey
When the mother duck brought the children to the pond for their first swimming lesson. The huge grey duckling splashed and paddled about just as nicely as the other ducklings did. "That is not a turkey chick. He is my very own son and quite handsome" the mother said proudly
However, the other animals didn't agree. They hissed and made fun of him day by day. Even his own sisters and brothers were very unkind. "You are very ugly" they quacked.
The little poor duckling was very unhappy. "I wish I looked like them" he thought to himself. One day, the ugly duckling run away and hid in the bushes. The sad duckling lived alone through the cold and snow winter. Finally the spring flowers began to bloom. While he was swimming in the pond, he saw three large white swans swimming toward him. "Oh, dear. these beautiful birds will laugh and peck me too" he said to himself. But the swans did not attack him. Instead, they swam around him and stroked him with their bills. As the ugly duckling bent his neck to speak to them, he saw his reflection in the water. He could not believe his eyes. "I am not an ugly duckling but a beautiful swam" he exclaimed.
He was very happy. From that day on, he swam and played with his new friends and was happier than he had never been.
Narrative in Love Story "Naruto and Hinata"
Nah kalau yang ini merupakan salah satu contoh narasi pendek bahasa inggris terbaru 2012 yang keren karena berkisah tentang cinta serial animasi terbaru NARUTO
Naruto was walking alone in the Konoha village, he saw Hinata and waved to her. Fortunately
Hinata turned around and walked over to him.
"Hey, Hinata, would you like to take a walk with me?" Naruto asked smilingly but Hinata blushed and looked down, quiet for a second.
"Hm? What's wrong?" Naruto ask looking at her.
"Oh! Um nothing Naruto kun. I... I love to.. walk with with you." Hinata said shyly.
Naruto placed his hands behind his head and smiled. Hinata walked by him as the two were silent for a moment. "Hinata, why are you so quiet all the time?" Naruto broke the silent.
Hinata didnt answer, then hesitated, "....I.... I've... always... been... that way." She said softly.
"I see. You need to talk more-- how am I supposed to know more about you, if you don't talk. You're always acting weird around me." Naruto pointed out.
Hinata looked at him shyly then looked down looking ashamed. "S.......sorry. I--"
"Hm?" Naruto replied not opening his mouth.
"I..... I l--li.....like y.. you!" She said finally committing her feelings. Her face blushed a deep red.
Naruto stopped walking. He didn't know what to say. Silence took ove the moment.
Tears filled in Hinata's eyes "S-sorry!" She said in a quiet tone as she took off running, ashamed. Tears flew from her eyes as she ran passed.
Naruto ran after her. But Hinata ran fast. Suddenly She tripped on a tree stump. Her face implanted in the dirt, as her hands clenched the grass and dirt. She sobbed quietly.
Naruto finally caught up to her. He crouched down, placed his hand, shaking on Hinatas shoulder. "Hinata... do... do you really like me?" He asked in his quiet tone.
Under her muffled crying voice, Hinata answered, "y...yes..."
Naruto didn't answer for a moment, then he replied, "Well... I have...feelings for you too.... I like you, Hinata"
Contoh Narasi Pendek Bahasa Inggris Cerita Rakyat Indonesia
The Myth of Malin Kundang
A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin Kundang's father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang had to live hard with his mother.
Malin Kundang was a healthy, dilligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sold the caught fish in the town.
One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant's ship which was being raided by a small band of pirates. He helped the merchant. With his brave and power, Malin Kundang defeated the pirates. The merchant was so happy and thanked to him. In return the merchant asked Malin Kundang to sail with him. To get a better life, Malin Kundang agreed. He left his mother alone.
Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and was helped by many ship crews loading trading goods. Perfectly he had a beautiful wife too. When he was sailing his trading journey, his ship landed on a beach near a small village. The villagers recognized him. The news ran fast in the town; "Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here".
An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She was Malin Kundang's mother. She wanted to hug him, released her sadness of being lonely after so long time. Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in front of his well dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin Kundang and for three times he yelled at her. At last Malin Kundang said to her "Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!" After that he ordered his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again but in that time she was full of both sadness and angriness.
Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn't apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed and really set sail. In the quiet sea, suddenly a thunderstorm came. His huge ship was wrecked and it was too late for Malin Kundang to apologize. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship. He fell on a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse. Suddenly, he turned into a stone.
(Re-written from www.st.rim.or.jp)


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Lassen Peak
On the way to Bumpass Hell I was treated to this awesome view of Lassen Peak.
The path to hell is...
The trail to Bumpass Hell feels like hiking the rim of the world.
Bumpass Craters
Termal activity has created a sort of crater scape where mineral pools dot the landscape.
Bumpass Hell Pools
The Bumpass Hell trail as it winds pass steaming pools.
Tunnel To Hell
Sulfuric gases rise from deep within the earth at Bumpass Hell.
She's Gonna Blow
One of many vents at Bumpass Hell, this one looks like a mini volcano ready to blow any minute.
The End Of The Trail
The End of the Bumpass Hell trail. You wouldn't expect to find a turquois pool surrounded by forest in the middle of this desolate place, yet here it is.
Lavender Fields Forever
The sun starts to set behind the mountain as I head back up the trail out of Bumpass Hell, Lassen National Park.


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New Delhi: Putting up a brave face despite a move by 13 rebel MLAs to quit, BJP on Friday discounted any threat to its government in Karnataka and accused Governor HR Bhardwaj of acting as a "Congress agent" after he said the Chief Minister could be asked to prove majority when the assembly meets on Feb 4.
"I have talked to Chief Minister (Jagadish Shettar) today. The Government will not be in a minority in Karnataka," BJP President Rajnath Singh said.
Asked about any threat to the government there, Singh said, "I am confident, there is no threat to our government in Karnataka. There is no crisis there."
In the 225-member Assembly, BJP has a strength of 117 excluding the Speaker and it requires 113 for a simple majority. Congress has 71 members and JDS 26.
There are seven Independents and two vacancies. One member is nominated.
BJP Spokesperson Rajiv Pratap Rudy attacked the Governor for convening the assembly on February 4 and hinting at asking Chief minister Shettar to prove his majority and said this right lies with the Speaker of the State Assembly and not the Governor.
"This right is with the Speaker. Karnataka Governor`s intervention proves that the Congress is trying interfere in the affairs of the BJP-led Karnataka government," Rudy said.
Attacking Bhardwaj, he said, "In the present circumstances, it seems like unconstitutional. I feel Governor Hans Raj Bhardwaj is acting not as a Governor but as a Congress agent."
On whether he has been in touch with former Chief Minister BS Yeddyurappa, who recently formed his separate party, the BJP President replied in the negative.
Governor Bhardwaj said in Bangalore, "I have already summoned the assembly on February 4 (for Budget session) and if I feel that this government has come into minority, then I will order him (Shettar) to prove his majority at the first instance before transacting any business."
Buffeted by threats of instability to his government by 13 rebel MLAs, Chief Minister Jagadish Shettar today told the Governor that he still commanded majority and hinted he has not been asked by him to prove his majority.
"I told the governor that there is no threat to my government as I enjoy majority," Shettar said after meeting Bhardwaj.
Seeking to push the government into a crisis, 13 MLAs loyal to Karnataka Janata Party chief BS Yeddyurappa had gone in a delegation on Wednesday to meet Speaker KG Bopaiah to submit their resignation from assembly membership but he was not in station. They later submitted copies of their resignation letters to Bhardwaj.