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8th Air Force Historical Society of Mn Presentations
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Current Presentations
People, Pictures, Books, & Movies
Website Contact: Kevin Callahan
People, Pictures, Books, & Movies
Art Teel, B-17 Pilot, 15th AF, 463rd BG, ex-POW
Visit the
In Memory webpage
at the main organizational website.
Current Presentations
People, Pictures, Books, & Movies
100th Bomb Group Reunion 2013, Savannah, GA
385th Bomb Group Reunion 2013, Mpls MN
463rd Bomb Group Reunion 2013 Mpls MN
8th AFHS-Mn Audio Programs
8th AFHS-Mn Group Photo 1999
8th AFHS-Mn Group Photo 2-8-2012
8th AFHS-Mn Group Photos 5-2-2012
8th AFHS-MN Holiday Party 12-4-2016
8th AFHS-Mn Newsletter
8th AFHS-MN Veterans Day Celebration Luncheon 2016
8th Air Force and the Nagasaki Mission
A History of the 8th AFHS-Mn
A Presenters Who's Who & the 8th AFHS-Mn Digital Archives
Aerial Photo Collection of Vince Parker - USAAF, WW II
AFA Annual Awards Dinner 2013
Air Expo 2011, Wings of the North, Eden Prairie, Mn
Air Expo 2012 & Blaine-Anoka July 2012 Photos/Videos
Air Expo 2015 Still Photo Album
Air Expo Symposia-A Video Archive
Air Shows 2010
AirCorps Aviation, Bemidji MN and P-51 restoration
Aircraft of WW II and Aircraft Recognition Training
Airventure 2011, EAA, Oshkosh
Al Anderegg, B-17 Bombardier, 96th BG, ex-POW
Al Anderson, Air Research and Development Command
Al Carriveau, 8th AF B-29 Aircraft Electrician, NWA History Centre
Al Dexter, B-24 Pilot, 8th AF
Al Lieberman, P-47 Fighter Pilot, 9th AF, 362 FG, 379 FSq
Al Malmberg, World of Aviation Podcasts
Al Pike, Photographer, Prosthetist
Al Quie, Navy Pilot, Mn Governor
Alan R. Woolworth, Machine Gunner, 79th Infantry Division, US Army
Alfred M. L. Sanders
Aluminum Overcast B-17, Blaine 2011
American Merchant Mariners, WW II, Richfield American Legion
An Evening With Eagles 2011
An Evening with Eagles 2012
An Evening With Eagles 2013
Annual Christmas Party at Mancini's
Anthony Polashek, Col., 934th Airlift Commander
Archie M. Thomas, B-24 waist gunner, radio operator, crew photographer, B-24, 8th AF, 44th BG, 67th BS, Shipdham, UK
Ariel Weekes, Lead Bombardier, 15th AF
Army Air Forces & Navy Documentaries-Pacific
Army Air Forces & Navy Training Films
Army Air Forces & The Home Front
Army Air Forces Documentaries-Europe
Army Air Forces Documentaries-Pacific
Army Air Forces Recruiting Films and WWII Newsreels
Army Air Forces Shoulder Patches
Art Teel, B-17 Pilot, 15th AF, 463rd BG, ex-POW
Arthur Groth, B-24 Gunner
Articles about the 8th AFHS-Mn
Arv Chauncey, A-4E Pilot, POW
Aviation Art of Kevin Callahan
Aviation Cadet Training Films
Aviation Post 511, American Legion, Crystal Airport, MN
Aviation Posters of WWII
Barbara Sommerville, Author of "I Came Through Swell"
Bart Foster, B-17 Navigator
Basil F. Hackleman, B-17 Pilot, Nine-O-Nine, 8th AF, 91st BG
Bela Schellenberg, Pilot, WWII Refugee
Ben Vickery, B-24 Tail Gunner
Bernard J. "Bud" Dicks, Jr., USMC, 2nd Marine Div., Battle of Tinian, Okinawa
Beryl Rettinger, WAAF, UK,
Bibliography About 8thAFHS Members
Bill Guenon. C-130 Pilot, Son Tay Raid
Bill Hultgren, AD Skyraider & Guppie Pilot
Bill Johnson, B-17 Bombardier
Bill King, Navy VB-135, POW
Bill Rataczak, NWA Co-pilot, DB Cooper Hijacking
Bill Runnels, Bombardier, 303 BG
Bill Schiebler, Army Ranger, Paratrooper, Ia Drang Valley Battle
Bill Swanson, Navy Skyraider Pilot, Vietnam
Blaine Aviation Days 2012 Photo Album
Blaine Aviation Days-2011 Photo Album
Blaine Warbirds Aug. 4-7, 2011
Blaine-Anoka Airport 2009
Bloomington Sun Newspaper article, March 1, 2013
Bob Campbell, B-17 Pilot
Bob Clemens, B-17 Navigator
Bob Gravrok, B-17 Navigator, 8th AF
Bob Holden, Pearl Harbor Survivor, US Army Quartermaster Co. 1914
Bob Knobel, B-17 Flight Engineer
Bob Michelsen, B-29 Gunner, 29 BG, 52 BS, ex-POW
Bob Polich, B-17 Pilot
Bob Teply, US Army, Europe, Planes of Fame
Brothers of the Air
Bryan G. Moon, Pilot, VP NWA, MIA Hunters
Bud Hertig, C-47 Pilot
Bud Skiff, B-17 Navigator
CAF Bombers Moon Ball Hangar Dance
CAF-Duluth PBY Catalina Restoration Project
Calvin Garrison, B-17 Radio Operator, ex-POW
Carl R. Moser, 20th TNGCO.
Charles (Chuck) Bartlett, USAF
Charles (Chuck) Mazzola, B-24 Tail Gunner, 15th AF, 456th BG
Charles Dahlke (Chuck), 1st Missile Battalion, 39th Field Artillery, Raven Industries
Charles Van Guilder, WW II Navy Veteran, USS Suwannee, USAF Res., MN-ANG, NWA
Charles Woehrle, B-17 Bombardier, ex-POW
Chuck DeBellevue, F-4 Phantom Pilot, Vietnam's Top Ace
Clarence E. Odegard, Tail Gunner, POW
Claude Hone, USMC Corsair Pilot, USS Wasp, Guam,Saipan, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, Tokyo
Clayton W. Warrick, 184th AAA Gun Battalion, US Army
Clifford Digre, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner
Clinton Benedict Johnson, B-29 Navigator-Bombardier
Clyde W. Thompson, B-17 Pilot
Collings Foundation, B-17 Nine-O-Nine, B-24 Witchcraft, P-51 Betty Jane, Wings of Freedom Tour
Combat America with Clark Gable (4 parts)
Combat Gun Camera Films
Commemorative Air Force, Fleming Field
Curt Brown, Astronaut, Space Shuttle Discovery Commander
D-Day 70th Anniversary
Dale E. Dunn. P-51 Fighter Pilot, 8th AF, 361st FG, 374th FS
Dale Peterson, B-17 Pilot, ex-POW
Dan Cherry, F-4 Phantom Pilot
Dan Conlon, M.D., Author, USAF Medical Corps
Danielle Ruzynski, USAF
Darrell N. Smith, USMC Corsair Pilot, WWII & Korea
Dave Dahlberg, B-17 (& B-24) Flight Engineer
Dave Everson, F-105 Pilot, POW
David Claypool, Father served in 379th BG and POW.
David R. Wheat, F-4B Phantom, RIO, Vietnam, ex-POW
Demetrios Villas, WWII U.S. Navy Veteran
Dennis Pfeiffer
Dewey Folkestad, US Army, Planes of Fame
Dexter C. Shultz, B-24 Pilot, 15th AF
Diamond Lil, B-24A Liberator, CAF
Dick Brown, B-26 Marauder Pilot
Dick Cole, B-25 Co-pilot, Doolittle Raider
Dick Heyne, B-24 Flight Engineer/Top Turret gunner
Dick Hill, 179th FS, P-51D Instrument Tech
Dick Kaminski, B-17 Aerial Gunner
Dick Kennedy, S/Sgt, 457th Communication, Edwards AFB
Dick Mann, Navy Fighter Pilot
Dick Pearson, Navy Fighter Pilot
Discover Aviation Days, Blaine-Anoka Airport, 2014 Photos & Videos
Don Hanson, 401st Bomb Group, Supply and Reclamation Dept.
Don Kent, B-17 Radio Operator
Don McIntyre, B-17G Waist Gunner/Spot Jammer
Don Patton, US Army, WWII History Round Table
Don Schmid, B-24 Pilot
Don Ward, USN Pilot, Author
Don Zupan, B-17 Aerial Gunner, 8th AF, 379 BG, 526 Sq., ex-POW
Donald B. Bruns, 379th BG, 527th BS, POW
Donald F. Geng, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner
Donald L. Butts, 8th AF Bombardier
Donald Stoulil, B-17 Pilot, 8th AF, 303rd BG, 359th Sq.
Donald W. O'Hearn, B-17 Tail Gunner, 8th AF, 303rd BG, 427th BS, Molesworth UK, 30 missions
Doug Ward, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner, 15th AF
Duluth Air Show 2012
Duncan H. Baird, US Navy, Submarine Chaser (SC) 1339
Duwayne Deitz, USMC, Chosin Reservoir, Korea
Dwayne Schacht, B-17 Flight Engineer
Dwight F. Brooks, B-17 Model Airplane Builder
Dwight G. Olson, B-17 Pilot/Co-Pilot
E.G. Tut Runyon, USMC, F6F Hellcat Night Fighter Pilot
Earl Hinners, Naval Aviation, Pacific and Atlantic, Planes of Fame
Earl Joswick, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner, ex-POW
Ed Erickson, B-24 Bombardier, 8th AF
Ed Kueppers, AM, Aviation Historian
Ed McGaa, USMC, F-4 Phantom Pilot, Vietnam
Ed Schmidt, US Army
Edward A. Wick, B-17 Pilot, 388th BG, 562nd Sq. ex-POW
Edward G. Dolny, Pilot, USAAF, Mn Air National Guard
Edward P. Haider, Paratrooper, 82nd Airborne
Edward Shaffer, B-26 Radio Operator, 65 missions over Europe
Elizabeth "Liz" Strohfus, WASP Pilot/Co-pilot
Elmer Johnson, Co-pilot, 351 BG
Emmett MacKenzie, B-24 Nose Gunner
Erica Hokkanen, Tech. Sgt, 934th Airlift Wing
Ernie Lamson, Paratrooper, 82nd Airborne, 508th PIR
Ethelyn Rose Callahan, WW II Civil Air Patrol
Eugene Kretchner, Korean War
F-35 Fighter
F-35B Sea Trials
Fagen Fighters WWII Museum and Mankato Airshows 2019
Fagen Fighters WWII Museum, Granite Falls, MN
FIFI B-29 Superfortress, CAF
Flightline TV show
Floyd "Rod" Rodmyre, Pilot, P-39, P-51, & Spitfire, 31st FG
Floyd E. Keller, Navy Gunner's Mate USS Goldsborough APD 32
Flugtag 2010
Fort Snelling Military Museum
Francis H. Mikesh, B-17 Pilot, Sqdn Leader, 100th BG, 418th Sq.
Francis S. Bodine, B-24 Pilot, 8th AF, 489th BG
Frank Frison, B-17 Bombardier
Frank Linc, B-17 Co-pilot, ex-POW
Frederick C. (Boots) Blesse, F-86, F-4 Pilot
Fritz Kass, Defense Worker, Planes of Fame
Gary Birchem, USAF, Crew Chief
Gary Black, USN F-14 Tomcat Pilot
Gary Hall, Cherokee Flying Club Pilot, 91st BG Newsletter Editor
George (Buddy) Shurson, B-17 Flight Engineer/Top Turret Gunner
George E. McCutcheon, Pilot
George Rarey, Capt. 379th Squadron
George T. Sulick Sr., B-17 Radio Operator
Glenn Froberg, Catapult & Arresting Gear Crewman
Glenn Rudell, Cherokee Club Pilot
Glenn Shull, USAF, AFA
Go Boldly Expo, AirSpace Minnesota, Saint Paul Airport
Gordy Berg, Flight Engineer, Harmon Field, Guam
Gregory J. Decker, Corsair Pilot
Gunnar Bjornson, ANG, Pilot & Dispatcher
Gus Zuccaro
Hangar Dance, CAF, Fleming Field, June 7, 2014
Hangar Dance, CAF, Fleming Field, June 8, 2013
Harley R. Stroven, Armaments Officer, 486th BG
Harold Asper, P-47, P-51 Fighter Pilot
Harold C. Rutka, B-24 Aerial Gunner, Glider Pilot
Harold D. Roy, Paratrooper, 82nd Airborne, Normandy, Holland, Battle of the Bulge
Harold H. Sandager, USMC, Tarawa, Saipan
Harold J. Laursen, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner
Harold Tilbury, Radio Operator, 8th Air Force, 305th Bomb Group, 364th Bomb Squadron
Harry Burke, USMC, Bazookaman, Fox Company, Chosin Reservoir, Korea
Heartsong, singing group
Henry Flesh, B-24 Navigator, 15th AF, Thermal Underwear Inventor
Herbert E. Schauer, US Navy, Submariner, SVC
Hiram Mann, P-51 Fighter Pilot, Tuskegee Airmen
History of the 379th Fighter Squadron, 362 Fighter Group, 9th Air Force
Holiday Party at Mancini's
Honor Roll of the 8th AFHS-Mn
How A Proximity Fuse Works
How to operate a 1940s Wire Recorder
How to Swing Dance
Hugh Schilling, B-29 CFC Gunner, 500 BG, 881 BS
Jack A. Levin, Co-pilot and Pilot, 301st BG, 32nd Sq
Jack Christopher, Aviation Ordnanceman, Martin PBM-5 Mariner
Jack McCarthy, SAC
James A. McLaughry, B-24 Pilot, 8th AF, 392 BG, 576 BSq, Wendling, UK
James D. Keefe, 8th AF, 95th BG, Tail Gunner
James Hiner, B-24 Pilot, 8th AF, 458th BG,752 Sq
James K. Roberts, T/Sgt, Radioman Gunner, 100th BG, 349th BS
James R. McDougall, Aviation Ordnanceman, PBY Catalina, Black Cats
James R. Rasmussen, B-17 Navigator
James Robert Callahan, Jr., Aviation Cadet, B-29 Flight Engineering
James T. Pribil, Fighter Bomber Pilot, USAAF, MN-ANG, USAF
Jeff Anderson, B-52 Jet Engine Mechanic
Jerome D. Granlund, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner
Jerry Yellin, P-51 Pilot, Iwo Jima
Jim Anderson, B-17 Radar Mechanic
Jim Carroll, Paratrooper 101st Airborne
Jim Hill, USMC Pilot, Black Sheep Squadron
Jim Johns, Aviation Historian & Aircraft Restorer
Jimmy Doolittle's 1942 Raid (Videos)
Joe J. Orendorff, Bombardier, 100th BG, 349th Sq.
Joe John Orendorff, B-17 Bombardier, 8th AF, 100th BG
Joe Mann, U.S. Navy, USS Forrestal
Joe Olson, USAF, B-36, NWA Mechanic/Machinist-Engine Shop
John Ahaus
John B. Baird, B-17 Waist Gunner, 8th AF, 91st Bomb Group
John E. Peterson, B-29 Flight Engineer, NWA History Centre
John F. Scholl, B-17 Co-pilot, 8th AF
John H. Bimson, B-24 Bombardier
John Pletscher, B-17/B-29 Aerial Gunner
John R. "Smilin' Jack" Schillinger, Navy, Commercial, & Ferry Pilot
John R. Dolny, A-36 Fighter-Bomber Pilot, P-47 & P-40 Pilot, MN Aviation Hall of Fame, MN Air National Guard
John T. Anderson, B-17 Flight Engineer
John T. Uldrich Sr., USMC, MCAS El Toro, CA
John Zimitsch, B-52 Navigator
Jon Cermin, CAPS, Videographer
Joseph E. McKernan, USAF, NWA
Joseph P. Gomer, P-51 Fighter Pilot, Tuskegee Airmen, Red Tails
Joyce Johnson, B-17 Pilot
Junior H. Gossell, B-17 Co-pilot
Justin "Mac" Miller, F4U Pilot, Col., USMC (Ret.)
Ken Dahlberg, P-47, P-51 Fighter Pilot
Ken Ferguson, DC-3 Corporate Co-Pilot
Ken Strom, B-17 Navigator
Kenneth P. Iverson, B-17 & B-24 Pilot, 376th BG, Libya
Kevin L. Callahan, 8th AFHS-MN Archivist and Videographer
Knights of Columbus Hall Luncheon Servers
Know Your Enemy & Why We Fight
Larry Bachman, B-24 Pilot/Co-pilot & AT-6 Instructor
Larry Kulstad, B-24 Ball Turret Gunner
Larry Taylor, B-24j Navigator
Larry Turnquist, 1940 LaSalle
Las Vegas Gunnery School
Lawrence Sagstetter, AFA, 8th AFHS-Mn Newsletter Editor
Lectures by Historians about the 8th Air Force
Lee Bundy, 8th AF, England, Planes of Fame
Legacy Grant, State of Minnesota, MHS
Leo Funk, B-17 (& B-24,B-29) Pilot
Leon Frankel, Navy TBF Torpedo Bomber Pilot
Leonard D. Dolny, RF-80 & F-86 Pilot, Korea, Commercial Pilot
Leroy Christianson B-17 Navigator, 8th AF, 303 BG
Lester F. Schrenk, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner, ex-POW
Letters from Afghanistan Don Harward, Helicopter Pilot
Liane Sparrow
Liberty Belle B-17 Photos & Video
Library and Archives of the 8th AFHS-Mn
Library and Archives of the 8th AFHS-Mn
Lloyd Flynn, USMC, SBD-5 Pilot
Lloyd Rogers
Lon Navis, Pilot 3M Co. (Ret'd.)
Lou Martin, C-133 Combat Cargo Pilot, FAA Inspector, USAF Ret.
Louis J. Langer, B-17 Armaments and Waist Gunner 15th Air Force, 301st BG, 353 BG, Foggia, Italy
Luncheon Meetings
Lyle R. Bradley, F4U Corsair Pilot, WWII & Korea, USMC
Mac (D. Richard) McCullum, Navy Corsair Pilot, Planes of Fame
Marcus Hertz, Bombardier-Navigator, 100th BG, 350th Sq.
Mark Holmes, AAF Intelligence
Mark M. Hertz, 8th AF, 100th BG, Navigator-Bombardier, ex-POW
Mark Swedlund, 8th AFHS-Mn
Mars Rovers
Marv Dahlgren, Navy Corsair Pilot
Marvin Skubick, B-17 Pilot
Mary L. Berg, Author/Organizer, Board Member
Matt Britton's Documentary, WWII A War Trapped In Time
Medal of Honor Reunion, Planes of Fame Air Museum, May 29, 1993
Mel Dahlberg, Paratrooper, US Army
Memorial Day Ceremony Stillwater & Richfield MN
Merchant Mariners
Mike Koch, USAF Ret.
Mike Madsen, USN, Electrician
Minnesota Air National Guard
Minuteman Missile Site, Cooperstown, ND
Miss Mitchell B-25, CAF, Fleming Field
Myron Asper, USAF, SAC, B-36, KC-97 Crew Chief
National Naval Aviation Museum, Pensacola, FL
Nelson R. Lake, Lt., Co-Pilot, 453rd Bomb Group, 734th Bomb Squadron
Nike Missile HQ, MS-48DC, Snelling AFS
Nike Missile Site, MS-20, Roberts, WI
Nike Missile Site, MS-40, Farmington, Mn
Nike Missile Site, MS-70, St. Bonifacius, MN
Nike Missile Site, MS-90, E.Bethel/Isanti, MN
Norma Ley, 8th AF Display Donor
Norman C. Grant, Sr., B-24 Navigator, 8th AF, 493 BG, 860 Sq., ex-POW
Norman F. Bowman, Staff Sgt, 100th BG, 351st BSq
North High School (Mpls.) Video Project
North Metro TV, Damian Kussian's Aviation Storytellers
NWA History Centre, Bloomington, MN
Old Radio Programs
Osceola Air Force Station & ARC; 674th Radar Squadron Reunion
Osceola Wheels and Wings
Owen Mobley, Patton's Pilot
Patton, The 1970 Film
Paul M. Connolly Sr, Pilot
Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day 2011
Pete Backlund, USAF, former Newsletter Editor
Pete Patzke, US Army Medic, NWA History Centre
Photo Albums - WWII
Photography - Portraits and Citiscapes
Planes of Fame Videos - Al Pike Videographer
Primary sources: A Definition
Pyote TX Army Air Field, Rattlesnake Bomber Base, WWII Issues of "The Rattler"
Ralph R. Pettyjohn, B-17 Ball Turret Gunner
Randy Penrod, 8th AFHS-Mn
Randy Sohn, Pilot
Ray Peterson, B-17 Flight Engineer
Ray Prozinski, B-17 Tail Gunner, F-80 Pilot
Ray Rau, 8th AFHS-Mn Memberships
Ray Tarte, P-47N Thunderbolt Pilot, 8th AF, 507th FG, 465th Sq., Pacific
Raymond L. Dolny, NWA 747 Pilot, USAAF B-29 Flight Engineering
Raymond P. Nagell, Jr. 101st Airborne, 321st Glider Artillery, D-Day, Holland, Bastogne
Richard "Dick" Berg, Aviation Post 511, Crystal Airport, MN
Richard "Dick" Donaldson, B-29 Pilot, 20th AF, 19th BG
Richard Brown, B-26 Pilot, U.S. 9th Air Force
Richard E. Denny, Flight Engineer Top Turret Gunner, 8th AF, 96th Bomb Group, 337 BS
Richard G. King, B-29 Central Fire Control Gunner
Richard J. Postier, 8th AF, 96th BG, 337 B Sq.
Richard L. Carroll, B-24 Co-pilot, ex-POW
Richard Rostrum, B-17 Bombardier, 8th AF, 401st BG, 613 Sq.
Rick Hagen, 497th Fighter Interceptor Sqdn.
Rick Holle, 82nd Airborne Historian
Roald Knutson, US Army
Robert "Bob" Jorgenson, P-51 Fighter Pilot, 8th AF, 364th FG, 385th FS
Robert B. McWhite, 8th Air Force B-17 Pilot, Ex-POW
Robert H. Weisberger, B-17 Pilot, 15th AF, 99th BG
Robert J. Mrazek, author of To Kingdom Come (2011)
Robert M. Polich, Sr., B-17 Pilot
Roger Hansen, Blaine Airport Educational Coordinator
Roger M. Grommesch, B-29 Gunner
Roger O'Daniel
Roland H. ("Rollie") Daniel, Paratrooper, Machine Gunner, 82nd Airborne Div., 507th Parachute Infantry Reg., D-Day-St. Mere Eglise
Rolf Hamborg, 25th BG
Ron Schwerman, USAF Da Nang, Vietnam; Author
Roy W. Heidicker, 4th Fighter Wing Historian
Roy Woolsey, Army Air Corps Supply
Ruben Haugen, Army L-4 Spotter / Observer, Philippines Campaign; Musician
Sam Nudelman, B-17 Pilot
School Outreach Program of the 8th AFHS-Mn
Sherman "Sherm" P. Booen, B-17/24 Test Pilot, USMCR, & World of Aviation
Sidney David Swanson, Pilot, 445th BG, 701st BSq
Space Shuttle
Spook Johns, AD-6/7 Skyraider Pilot, Vietnam and Cold War
Stan Turner, 8th AFHS-MN Member and Master of Ceremonies.
Stanton MN Historic Airfield, WW II Flight Training
Stephen J. Anderson
Steve Marks, B-52D Jet Engine Technician
Steve Snyder, Author of "Shot Down"
Stillwater Veterans Memorial Ceremony 11-11-11 Honors Bob Clemens
Sue Filbin, Writer / Historian
Teaching Resources
Ted Homdrom, B-17 Navigator
Ted Murphy, Navy Fighter Pilot
Thomas T. Tamraz, B-24 Nose Gunner, 8th Air Force, 44th BG, 67th BS, 15th AF, 485th BG, 831st BS
Thunderbird B-17 and Jack Sinise, Navigator
Time Lapse
Tom Daniel, B-17 Pilot, 8th AF, 484th BG, 546th Sq.
Tom Stillwell, Navy Medical Corps
Transcripts of Oral History Interviews and Presentations
Udvar-Hazy Museum Trip 4-28-12
Upcoming Events
VE Day 2017 - St. Paul, MN
VE Day Recollections of May 8, 1945
Vern Shields, USAF India
Vernon J. Kiefner, Aircraft Mechanic, WW II and Korea
Vernon Mortrud, B-17, B-29 Aerial Gunner
Veterans Benefits-Duane (Dewey) Kamp, Veterans Affairs
Veterans Day 2015
Veterans of the Battle of the Bulge website
Veterans Oral History Project of the 8th AFHS-Mn
Vic Uldrich, Historian
Vince Parker, B-17 Tail Gunner
Violence in American popular culture
Virtual Tours of Aviation Museums
Visit a local aviation museum, airshow, lecture, fly-in, TV show, hangar dance, flugtag, or go for an airplane ride
Wallace R. Lymburn, Flight Eng. Top Turret Gunner, 401st Bomb Group,
Wally Forman, Radio Mechanic, AF Training Command
Wally Roetzer, Staff Sgt., USAF, Okinawa
Walter Holm, US Merchant Marine
Walter Proft, B-17 Radio Operator
Warren Marmorine, B-17 Pilot/Co-Pilot 100th BG
Warren Shaffer, Radio Operator, 15th AF, 460th BG, 761st BS, Italy
Wartime Radio
Wayne G. ("Whitey") Johnson, Flying Tigers, P-40, P-51 Pilot
Wesley Borgeson, B-17 Tail Gunner, ex-POW
What is "fair use" of copyrighted materials?
Wiilard Hagman, B-17 Bombardier
William "Bill" Bray, USN, Army, Army Air Forces, Airborne, Special Forces
William (Bill) McDonald, Paratrooper, 17th Airborne Division, Mn Nat Guard
William Crowder, Bugler, Civil War Re-enactor
William E. Swanson, Skyraider Pilot
William Johnson, B-17 Bombardier, 8th AF, 306th BG, 367th Sq.
William S. Herbert, 8th AF, 96th BG
Wolf Cubs musical group
WW II Big Bomber Weekend, Blaine-Anoka Airport, A Video Archive
WW II History Round Table, Fort Snelling, Mn - A Video Archive
WW II P-47 Thunderbolt
WW II Weekend, Farmington, Mn, May 17, 2014, Armed Forces Day Historical Reenactments & Veterans Symposium
WW II Weekend, Fort Snelling, 2013, 2014
XT-752 Fairey Gannet, New Richmond, WI
Yvonne (Welch) McDougall, Navy WAVE
Website Contact: Kevin Callahan
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Difference between revisions of "North Korea"
Revision as of 16:12, 25 November 2010
North Korea (officially Democratic People's Republic of Korea or DPRK) [1] is a country in East Asia. It occupies the northern half of the Korean Peninsula that lies between Korea Bay and the East Sea, also called the Sea of Japan. It borders China to the north, Russia to the northeast and South Korea to the south.
Tourist travel to North Korea is only possible as part of a guided tour. Independent travel is not permitted. If you are not prepared to accept limitations on your movements and behavior, you should not travel to the DPRK at the present time. On the other hand, travel in the DPRK is, if nothing else, a unique experience.
In 1910, Korea was annexed by Japan. An exploitative and brutal Japanese occupation lasted until 1945 when Japan was defeated by the Allied Forces ending World War II in the Pacific. Based on an agreement between the Allies, the Korean peninsula was divided along the 38th parallel to facilitate the surrender of Japanese forces. The Soviet Union and the United States occupied the northern half and southern half respectively. Unfortunately the two states disagreed over the form an election for a unified Korea should take, and before long both sides created their own governments. The Soviet Union fostered a communist northern half under Kim Il Sung and the United States fostered a western-leaning southern half under Rhee Syngman. In June, 1950, a civil war erupted on the Korean peninsula when the North invaded the South and a United Nations force led by the United States entered the war on the South Korean side.
After nearly being driven out of Korea, on September 15-16th, 1950, Gen. Douglas MacArthur led a daring amphibious landing of the UN forces at Inchon, just west of Seoul, that dramatically turned the tables. The North was on the verge of defeat with scattered UN forces actually reaching the Yalu River border with China. But then massive Chinese forces secretly entered North Korea and launched a counterattack that pushed the UN forces back south of Seoul. The battles raged back and forth across the 38th parallel for almost three more years. In the end, little was accomplished except the death of over three million people, the vast majority Koreans. An armistice was finally agreed to in 1953 by China, North Korea and the UN forces, with South Korea refusing to sign, therefore leaving no settlement. Korea remains divided after over 60 years with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the north, and the Republic of Korea in the south. Kim Il-Sung ruled as dictator until his death in 1994, and his son Kim Jong-Il has ruled North Korea ever since.
The entire Korean peninsula had been economically devastated during the Korean War, but the North, which had been the industrial half of the country while the South had been the agricultural half, rapidly rebuilt its industry and took an early economic lead over the South. In line with central planning theory the North developed its own agriculture using collectivization, machinery and fertilizers relying heavily on support from the Soviet Union. This system began to unravel in the late 1970s and 1980s as the Soviet system began to falter. With the end of Soviet aid in 1991 there was no way to continue to support the agricultural systems need for fuel, fertilizer and equipment. After so many years of government mismanagement, and the bad timing of severe flooding, the North's agricultural system collapsed in the mid-1990s leading to widespread famine and death for countless North Koreans. The North finally allowed international relief agencies to assist and the worst aspects of the famine were contained. However the DPRK continues to rely heavily on international food aid to feed its population while at the same time continuing to expend resources on its "songun", or "military first" policy based on a perceived threat by the United States.
Today the DPRK maintains an army of about 1 million men, most stationed within a few miles of the DMZ which divides the two Koreas. North Korea's long-range missile development and research into nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons and massive conventional armed forces are of major concern to the international community. In December 2002, North Korea reneged on a 1994 "Agreed Framework" which required the shut down of its nuclear reactors, expelling UN monitors and further raising fears that the nation would produce nuclear weapons. Missile testing was conducted in 1998, 2006, and most recently April 2009. In October 2006 North Korea announced that it had conducted its first nuclear test. These actions have led to UN, and other international sanctions.
Current negotiations, most notably the "Six-Party Talks" involving China, Russia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea and the United States, are aimed at bringing about an end to the DPRK nuclear weapons program, in hopes that a peace treaty to officially end the Korean War may finally be agreed upon, paving the way for the opening of diplomatic ties between North Korea and the United States. Unfortunately, in March 2010, a South Korean ship was sunk near the 38th parallel, increasing tensions between North and South Korea. Although North Korea claims not to have attacked the ship, the blame has largely been placed on North Korea.
In North Korea, the vast majority of people are Korean. There are also a few hundred foreigners to be found, however, most of them are fellow tourists. Because of the lack of immigration, North Korea is one of the most ethnically homogeneous nations on earth.
The climate is generally classed as continental, with rainfall concentrated in summer. Summer months are warm, but winter temperatures can fall as low as -30 degrees C. Late spring droughts are often followed by severe flooding. There are occasional typhoons during the early fall.
Mostly hills and mountains separated by deep, narrow valleys; coastal plains wide in west, discontinuous in east. Mountainous interior is isolated and sparsely populated.
Other destinations
Get in
Visiting North Korea can be challenging, and you will not have the freedom to explore the country without a North Korean escort, either as part of a group or individual tour. There are those who have called for a boycott on tourism to North Korea, due to human rights abuses in the country or how tourism may help finance the government. There is no official free enterprise activity in North Korea, and all tourist facilities are state-owned so the money goes directly to the government of North Korea. Others cite the possible benefits of Westerners engaging with North Korean citizens, particularly in a positive, friendly manner (i.e., contrary to the stereotypes of Westerners presented by internal propaganda); in practice, however, it is nearly impossible for a visitor to North Korea to have a spontaneous encounter of any kind with a citizen, as most activities of tourists are carefully planned and closely monitored. But regardless of political beliefs, North Korea is generally acknowledged to be a unique place to visit. Travellers must make up their own mind about the rights and wrongs of visiting this country.
Citizens of South Korea are normally not permitted to visit North Korea. In addition, there have been reports of difficulties regarding Israeli, American, British, and Japanese nationals. In January 2010, North Korea lifted the restrictions on American citizens who are now free to visit at anytime of the year. Contrary to rumor, Israelis and Jewish citizens of other countries do not face any additional restrictions. Citizens of all countries will need a visa, which will only be issued after your tour has been booked, approved by the North Korean authorities and paid for. Journalists (or those suspected of being journalists) require special permission, which is quite difficult to obtain. The North Koreans do not allow journalists to visit the country on tourist visas. A specialist North Korean travel agency can help you sort out the complex and ever-changing regulations. North Korea will rarely in practice refuse a visa to a tourist who meets the various requirements.
North Korea can only be visited by an organized tour, but this can be a large group or a party of one. Prices start from around $1000/€700 for a 5-day group tour including accommodation, meals and transport from Beijing, but can go up considerably if you want to travel around the country or "independently" (as your own one-person escorted group). Tour operators/travel agencies that organize their own tours to North Korea include:
Keep in mind that tourism in North Korea is not in a state comparable to any other country in the world. No matter which company you decide to book with, all tours are run by the Korean International Travel Company (with the exception of a few, such as Choson Exchange and The P'yongyang Project) and it will be their guides who show you around. The average number of tourists per group each company takes will vary considerably so you may want to ask about this before booking a trip.
Most people traveling to North Korea will travel through Beijing and you will probably pick up your visa from there (some agents arrange their visas elsewhere beforehand though). The North Korean consulate building is separate from the main embassy building at Ritan Lu, and can be found round the corner at Fangcaodi Xijie. It is open on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays from 0930-1130 and 1400-1730, and on all other days except Sundays from 0930-1130. Bring your travel permission, US$45 and two passport photos.
Your guides will take your passport and keep it during your stay in North Korea, or at least for the first couple of days of your tour, for "security reasons" (or simply because your entry and exit dates must be registered - the black stamps on the back of your visa or passport). Make sure your passport looks decent and doesn't differ from the most common passports from your country.
Visa-free entry from South Korea
There is one place in North Korea that can be visited without needing any kind of North Korean visa:
Until 2009, visa-free (or, rather, special group visa) tours were possible to two other places in North Korea — however, at time of writing, these have been suspended until further notice.
All three locations are (were) accessible to Americans, South Koreans, and most other nationalities, although a different list of restricted nationalities applies for Panmunjom (see article).
Hyundai Asan was planning to open up tours to Paektusan (Baekdusan), called Changbaishan on the Chinese side of the border, involving a charter flight from Seoul to Samjiyeon near Mt. Paektu, with the rest of the tour by bus and on foot. These never materialized though, so for time being, your options are to visit the Chinese side of the mountain (no special permits required) or add it as an expensive add-on to a standard North Korea tour.
By plane
North Korea's sole airline, Air Koryo [21], currently has scheduled flights from Beijing, which depart at 11:30 every Tuesday and Saturday, and return from Pyongyang at 09:00 on the same days. Air Koryo also flies to and from Shenyang in Northeast China every Wednesday and Saturday, and to Vladivostok every Tuesday morning.
Air Koryo is the only 1-star (worst) airline on Skytrax's list [22] and has been banned in the EU due to concerns over safety in the past, though is now allowed to fly in to EU territory again. To date, Air Koryo has only had one incident resulting in death, this was in Africa in 1983. The Air Koryo fleet consists largely of Soviet-made aircraft built between 1965 and 1990, plus the pride of their fleet, a 2008 Tupolev Tu-204, which now usually handles the core Beijing–Pyongyang route. Otherwise, you'll most likely end up on one of their four Ilyushin IL-62-Ms (1979-1988 vintage), but Air Koryo also flies Tu-154s dating back to the seventies and Tu-134s from 1983.
The only other airline with scheduled service to North Korea is Air China, which flies three times weekly from Beijing to Pyongyang. Neither Aeroflot nor China Southern continue to fly to North Korea.
By train
Train K27/K28 connect Pyongyang to Beijing in China via Tianjin, Tangshan, Beidaihe, Shanhaiguan, Jinzhou, Shenyang, Benxi, Fenghuangcheng, Dandong and Shinuiju four times a week. There is only one class on the international train between Beijing and Pyongyang: soft sleeper. It can be booked at the station in Beijing, but reservations must be made several days in advance. Your tour agency will usually do this for you, unless you are travelling on work purposes. It has been increasingly difficult to book space on the Beijing–Pyongyang route, so confirm your tickets well in advance.
Once a week train K27/K28 also conveys direct sleeping cars from Moscow via China to Pyongyang and vice versa. The route is Moscow - Novosibirsk - Irkutsk - Chita - Harbin - Shenyang - Dandong - Shinuiju - Pyongyang. Departure from Moscow is every Friday evening, arrival at Pyongyang is one week later on Friday evening. Departure from Pyongyang is Saturday morning, arrival at Moscow is Friday afternoon.
There is also a direct rail link into Russia, crossing the North Korean/Russian border at Tumangan/Khasan. This route is served by a direct sleeping car Moscow - Pyongyang and vice versa and runs twice monthly (11th and 25th from Moscow), arriving Pyongyang 9 days later. However, since the mid-nineties this has not been an officially permitted route for tourists, and KITC refuses to organize trips using this route; two Western tourists have been successful in taking this train into North Korea, but report that further trips on this route would unlikely be successful.
By boat
There is an unscheduled cargo-passenger ship between Wonsan and Niigata, Japan. Only available for use by some Japanese and North Korean nationals, the boat service has been suspended indefinitely due to North Korea's reported nuclear testing; Japan has banned all North Korean ships from entering Japanese ports, and has banned North Koreans from entering the country.
By bus
A bus is theoretically available from Dandong (China) across the Yalu River to Sinuiju, it's run by the "Dandong China Travel Company" but is only open to Chinese citizens at present.
Get around
All your transport needs will be dealt with by your tour company. Most of the time this means buses, although tour groups visiting remote sites (eg. Paekdusan, Mount Chilbo) occasionally use chartered flights by Air Koryo.
A carefully stage-managed one-station ride on the P'yŏngyang metro [23] is included on the itinerary of most trips to Pyongyang, but use of any other form of local public transport is generally impossible.
The official language is Korean. Note that North Koreans are quite picky about referring to Korean as Chosŏnmal, not hangukmal. Unlike South Korea, North Korea has abolished Chinese hanja characters and uses hangul characters, known as Chosŏn'gŭl, exclusively.
Your guides will speak fairly decent and understandable English (some better than others) and will translate something if you wish. Other guides have the ability to speak both Korean and either Mandarin, German, Japanese, or French, depending on where you come from.
Although locals may be discouraged from speaking with foreigners due to government propaganda that implies foreigners are generally up to no good, and language can prove to be an additional barrier, there is no formal law preventing citizens of the DPRK from interacting with tourists. A visit to the DPRK around their holidays may give you more of a chance to interact with the locals.
In 2002 Foreign Exchange Certificates (FEC) were abolished and along with them went all the different coloured currencies. Now there is just the standard North Korean won, which officially trades at 175 or so to the euro. Black market rates (especially in northern China near the border) are more favorable, but importing or exporting Korean won is strictly forbidden. Conversely, were you to sneak out some won, they are practically worthless outside the country, but make unique souvenirs.
In reality, foreigners are expected to use Euros or as an alternative Chinese RMB, US Dollars, or Japanese Yen. Getting the local money is possible, but it is difficult to use as the shops all want foreign currency. Currency handling is often bizarre, with a frequent lack of change and a number of rule-of-thumb conversions leading to highly unorthodox transactions. So be sure to bring lots of small change. On the other hand, since you will already have paid in advance for your hotel, transportation, and meals, your only expenses will be bottled water, souvenirs, snacks, drinks at the bars, laundry at the hotel (which is as expensive as in Europe), and tips for your guides.
In any case, the only shops you will be likely allowed to visit are the state-run souvenir shops at your hotel and at the various tourist attractions. It is generally impossible to visit a real local shop which serves the local population, though you might get lucky asking your guide if he/she trusts you enough.
There are numerous hard-currency only souvenir shops at tourist sites. Interesting souvenirs include propaganda books and videos, postcards and postage stamps. At some tourist sites (such as King Kongmin's tomb), you can purchase freshly finished paintings with your name and the artist's name at the bottom. And if you are very lucky you might be able to get hold of some socialist realism paintings, although customs officials are not keen on these things going out of the country, so do beware.
On the tour to Kaesong tourists are warned not to purchase anything that could be construed as North Korean propaganda including any images of North Korean leaders such as stamps or postcards. No biographies or books are permitted back into South Korea. This is a South Korean restriction, it does not apply to border crossings with China. If you are leaving the country via flight to Beijing or train via Dandong you should encounter no problems bringing home any North Korean merchandise for your own personal enjoyment.
You are, however, allowed to buy post cards and send them to yourself in any country except South Korea which apparently will not deliver them.
Some excellent paintings on silk or linen were available in Kaesong directly from the artist. Haggling for price is not permitted but the prices are very low.
You will pay for most things up-front as part of your tour. Most sights have a shop associated with them where you can buy bottled water, souvenirs and snacks. These are reasonably priced. In August 2007, large bottles of local beer cost US$2 at the hotel bars in Pyongyang. If you haven't planned on spending money on gambling at the casino at Yanggakdo Hotel, €200 for one week should be enough to cover your costs of water, drinks at the bars, souvenirs and tips for the guides.
Despite severe food shortages in North Korea which have left millions dead, you will not have any problems getting food. Your guide will order all your food for you, and you will eat in hard-currency only restaurants. Vegetarians, and people with food allergies/dislikes of common foods such as seafood or eggs will need to make arrangements in advance. A visit to a "real" local restaurant may be possible; enquire with your guide. Note that although your food is better than what the majority of the population eats, it's still not necessarily great. Shortages combined with the typical use of Korean cooking styles mean that there is a relatively limited variety of food, which can get wearying on tours of more than a few days.
The local speciality is insam-ju, Korean vodka infused with ginseng roots. Locally made Taedonggang beer is very good--the brewery was purchased from Ushers in the UK in 2000 and physically moved to Pyongyang--and some of the Sojus are not bad either. Local alcohol is inexpensive; a 650mL bottle of beer is 0.5 euro. However do not get drunk and cause trouble. Toe the line and show respect, or you and your guide will face serious penalties.
When it comes to water, stick to bottled water, as with other under-developed countries, the water is not always properly treated.
This is likely to be your principal expense while in North Korea. You may only stay at "designated tourist hotels", for which you will need to pay in hard currency. There may be discounts if you ask for lower class accommodation, if you are travelling as part of a group, or if it is low season (November – March). Costs for your tour, which will include accommodation, all sightseeing activities and meals, will range from US$70 to US$200 a day, depending on these factors.
Usually you pay for all your meals, hotel and Beijing–P'yŏngyang journey to your tour operator before you leave. One week in high season at a four-star hotel will then cost something between €1300 and €1600, depending on your tour operator. See e.g. VNC Asia Travel [24], Koryo Tours [25], Korea Konsult [26] and Regent Holidays [27]. Depending on the rate of the U.S. dollar, it is also worth checking out the American tour operator Asia Pacific Travel, Ltd. [28], the Beijing-based American organization Access | Exchange [29], or the Asian based Canadian company Young Pioneer Tours [30], where you might get as low as €800 for one week.
If you are interested in teaching in North Korea, you may find success by contacting the North Korean UN Mission in New York, or contacting a North Korean university directly. Your odds of success are, however, quite low: there is only a small team of 4 English Language Instructors dealing with teaching and teacher training, with a Project Manager leading the team of three, placed in Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang University of Foreign Studies and Kim Hyung Jik University of Education.
Stay safe
Crime levels are practically zero, at least to tourists on a strictly controlled tour. However, pickpockets are the least of your worries. The authorities are very touchy, and you need to watch what you say and how you say it. Just do what the guides do, praise every stop on your tour, and remember the rule, "If you can't say anything good, say nothing at all." Also, the official policy is that you are not to wander around on your own. You are expected to get permission and/or have a guide accompany you if you are leaving your hotel on your own. This will vary depending on what hotel you are in. The Yanggakdo Hotel is on an island in the middle of the Taedong River in Pyongyang. Therefore you can walk around the area a little more freely than if you are at the Koryo Hotel right in the center of town. You should always be friendly and courteous to your guides and driver who will normally reciprocate by trusting you more and giving you more freedom. For taking photographs, one needs to exercise restraint, caution and common sense. If you appear to be looking for negative images of North Korea, the guides will not be happy and will tell you to delete any questionable images. In particular, you are not to take photos of anything military, including personnel, or anything showing the DPRK in a bad light. Try to recognize a good photo opportunity, raise your camera at a reasonable speed, compose and take the picture, and lower the camera at a reasonable speed. Try not to spend overly long times composing a perfect masterpiece, or make fast, or furtive motions. This will only call attention to yourself and the image you are trying to take and can result, whether justified or not, in your being told to delete the image.
Digital cameras are commonly inspected when leaving the country. A simple workaround is to leave a memory card with innocuous snaps in the camera and file away any cards with ideologically dubious content.
Stay healthy
Drinking water is untreated and there are reports of foreigners being hospitalized in the DPRK after drinking the water, sticking to bottled water is highly recommended. Medical facilities are clean, but outdated and often lacking in basic supplies, and if you fall ill you might be better off going to China for medical treatment. Contact your embassy or consulate in North Korea (if your country has one) for assistance. US citizens may contact the Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang for advice if needed.
It is important to emphasize that the government of the DPRK -- in particular the leaders Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il -- are very highly revered in North Korean culture. While slavish devotion is not expected from tourists, especially given that the Juche philosophy of the DPRK is specifically aimed at the Korean people only and is not applicable to foreigners, insulting them in any way is highly offensive and illegal, and will get you and (much more so) your guides into trouble. The guides already know how the rest of the world sees their country, it is not worth inadvertently threatening their lives by insulting their leaders.
Bringing gifts like cigarettes or scotch for the men, both guides and the driver, and chocolate or skin cream for female guides, is a nice gesture. Please be respectful toward your guides, especially since North Korean guides are known to occasionally take tourists whom they trust well enough to see other places and events in North Korea that they wouldn't ordinarily go to.
Most, if not all, tour groups to the DPRK are asked to solemnly bow and lay flowers on one or two occasions in front of statues of Kim Il Sung when visiting monuments of national importance. If you're not prepared to do this, do not even try to enter North Korea. Just be sure you always act in a respectful manner around images of the two leaders. This includes taking respectful photos of any image of them.
Any trouble you cause as a tourist will likely be blamed on your tour guide's inability to control you, and he or she will bear the brunt of the penalties. Additionally, future tourists will be allowed less freedom and will face increased restriction on where they can visit and what they can photograph.
Other than your tour guide, you will likely not meet anyone else in your trip who speaks English; a few Korean words and phrases are a nice internationalist gesture.
Despite the sharp political differences, North and South Koreans generally share a common culture; the various tips in the South Korea article under respect (such as using two hands to pour drinks) will also help here.
Mobile phones
The use of mobile phones is banned in North Korea, and your guides will demand that you surrender your mobile phones to security at the airport (but your mobile phone will be handed back to you after your stay). Recently a 3G mobile phone network was introduced in Pyongyang and is rolling out across the country and widely used by locals who can afford it and by long-staying foreigners who file an application. Sim cards and phones can be purchased in International Communication Center.
Internet is mainly banned for locals, but can be used by foreigners after filing an application for permission. In the large hotels, internet access is theoretically possible, but must be applied for in some days advance. If you stay longer, or tell your inviting party early enough, it can be arranged. There are no public internet cafes or business centers with web access in the hotels. In addition, note that the content of your web traffic is likely to be monitored.
Foreign Embassies/Missions in Pyongyang
Practically all foreign embassies in Pyongyang are inside the Munsu-dong. Other EU citizens who need consular assistance can go to one of the other EU embassies as they should offer protection due to the EU laws.
* The British Embassy incorporates a minor Canadian diplomatic presence, this offers reasonable consular services to Canadian citizens
** The United States does not currently maintain diplomatic relations with The D.P.R.K, American citizens can receive limited consular help from the Swedish Embassy (usually emergencies only)


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SAVANNAH, Ga. – Utilizing a 32-8 advantage in bench points, the Georgia College men's basketball team (7-2) clobbered Mars Hill College (3-7) 92-66 Friday in day one of the Wingate by Wyndham Holiday Classic, hosted by Armstrong.
Junior Scott Ferguson (Roswell, Ga.) had the best game of his young Bobcat career, hitting for 20 points on 8-of-14 from the floor, adding six rebounds and four assists.
Senior Ryan Aquino (Roswell, Ga.) recorded his seventh double-double of the season with 17 points and 11 rebounds. Junior Tarrence Chatman (Macon, Ga.) had 17 points off the pine with four steals. Quin Bivins (Macon, Ga.), Jared Holmes (Indianapolis) and Jordan Grant (Norcross, Ga.) chipped in with nine points each.
The Bobcats were hot out of the gate, getting some extra energy for Christmas, as they shot 43 percent in the first stanza, and held the Lions to just 29 percent. The Bobcats reached the halftime horn up 43-24, thanks in large part to nine first-half points from Aquino.
The Bobcats finished 37-of-75 from the floor (.493) while the Lions were 26-of-64 (.406). GC hit seven threes compared to just two for MHC, and out-rebounded the Lions 43-39.
Mars Hill was led by two players, the game-high scorer with 22 points in Sammy Emile, as well as 21 from Terelle Harris.
The Bobcats are back in action Saturday, Dec. 31 at 11 a.m., taking on Shaw University.
The Georgia College Department of Athletics, two-time winners of the PBC Commissioner's Cup, sponsors 10 varsity athletic programs at the NCAA Division II level. As a Division II program, Bobcat Athletics prides itself on balancing the life of the student-athlete, evidenced by the teams' multiple appearances in post-season competition as well as documented academic success and community-service involvement. Sign up at www.twitter.com/BobcatSports and www.facebook.com/gcbobcats for up-to-the-minute reports, and visit www.GCBobcats.com for more information, and to nominate your favorite former Bobcats and Colonials to the GC Athletics Hall of Fame.


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Taxi drivers, police agree on grog fare go zones
The Northern Territory Taxi Council says it will work with police to prevent alcohol entering restricted areas.
Council executive officer Col Newman says a meeting with Police Commissioner John McRoberts has resulted in drivers being advised they can take passengers carrying liquor to the gates of prescribed areas.
But he says police will automatically be notified if a taxi driver enters a grog-free zone.
"The bottom line is that there are a number of restricted areas," he said.
"There is a residential restricted area, there is a prohibited area, there is a restricted area, and it goes on and on, and on," he said.
"Now it has been resolved.
"To avoid any confusion they are going to prepare a road map of these areas so that we know exactly where we can't go.
"Systems have been set up, not only in Alice Springs but in Tennant Creek, Katherine and in Darwin."
Mr Newman says drivers have also been told they can refuse to take a fare if a person is drunk.
He says the system will stop taxi drivers from being attacked if they refuse to take passengers past the gate of an alcohol-free zone and clear up widespread confusion about the responsibilities of taxis.
Topics: road-transport, alcohol, indigenous-policy, alice-springs-0870, tennant-creek-0860, katherine-0850, darwin-0800
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An Indiana man and woman have been accused of strapping four children to the hood of a car then hitting the road.
The Fort Wayne duo allegedly drove three blocks with the four children – ages 4, 5, 6, and 7 – tied to the hood of the car, until they were busted by police, The Journal Gazette reported.
Fort Wayne police were alerted Monday night after a witness spotted driver Aaron S. Stefanski, 29, and Jessica A. Clark, 29, tie the children down to the hood of a car in the parking lot of a liquor store, according a police statement.
A U.S. marshal then saw the vehicle driving with the children strapped to it and stopped the car, according to The Journal Gazette.
The children were found to be uninjured and Stefanski was arrested for operating a vehicle while intoxicated and felony neglect. His adult passenger, Clark, also faces a felony neglect charge, police said.
A police spokeswoman told the Journal Gazette the incident remains under investigation. It's unclear what the relationship was between the adults and children.


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Last night's special 90-minute installment of the show featured Kayla, a 17-year-old whose eating disorder caused her to rush to the ER after she began having contractions at 31 weeks, brought on by not eating. Kayla had been diagnosed with anorexia when she was 13 after being hospitalized for the disease. Throughout the episode, Kayla repeatedly alluded to feeling fat and mentioned that she cried every time she looked in the mirror. She worried if her arms were jiggling and would cover her stomach with a pillow whenever possible. She intentionally skipped meals—sometimes for an entire day at a time—and rarely remembered to take her prenatal vitamins. Worried about her body, she asked her mother if it was OK to lose weight during pregnancy even though, by her due date, she'd only gained 16 lbs.
While many of Kayla's issues did revolve around food and body image, it also seemed that by putting her dieting ahead of her baby's healthy she was unwittingly perpetuating the cycle of neglect she experienced with her mother, who had also been a teen mom. Kayla's mom is never around, yet asks for rent, lets the heat shut of in the middle of winter without making sure Kayla and the baby are OK and at one point said, "I want you to understand that I have a life too and at 17 years old you do not have to be around your mom 24/7." And just when you thought that woman couldn't get any worse, about a week after Kayla gave birth, she asked her teenage daughter with an eating disorder to go on a diet with her.


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d'Arenberg Cube / McLaren Vale Tour
- Durée: 6 Heures (environ)
- Code produit: MV-001
Tour the McLaren Vale, home of breath taking scenery and abundance of premium, locally crafted food and wine.
If it's the calm mixture of vineyards and beach you're seeking, look no further than the dynamic region of McLaren Vale. Only a 40 km trip south of Adelaide's CBD, this area marks the origin of South Australia's rich winemaking history, and is a hotspot for luxury Bed and Breakfasts, art, and world class restaurants. The region's Mediterranean climate lends itself to production of exquisite red and whites, though it's Shiraz that is the pick of the bunch here.
With over 30 kms of coastline to marvel at, fresh and vibrant local produce, and the feeling that you're a million miles away from Adelaide, McLaren Vale is a region with many faces, each one of them captivating.
Grenache, Cabernet, and emerging Italian and Spanish varieties such as Fiano, Vermentino, Tempranillo and Sangiovese give a Mediterranean twist to this surprising region, with warm summers and low rainfall.
With over 80 boutique cellar doors in McLaren Vale, sit back and relax as we select wineries according to your palate tastes, and introduce you to the sea and vines region of South Australia.
Tour Itinerary
- Pick up from Hotel in Adelaide CBD, Glenelg or Hahndorf - 8:30 am
- d'Arenberg Cube - Wine Tasting and experience (includes entry into The Cube)
- Salvador Dali Exhibition
- Woodstock Estate - Wine Tasting
- Kangaroo Sanctuary Feeding available at 11:30 am
- Leconfield Winery - Wine Tasting
- Goodieson Brewery - Beer Tasting
- Silver Sands Beach Walk
- Return to your Hotel
- Lunch NOT included in tour cost
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They say the secret to having a hit is pretty easy: It needs a good beat you can dance to and should repeat the chorus hundreds of times. This is why Aerosmith's "Dude Looks Like a Lady" is probably the greatest single ever. But scoring the official jam of summer is a little more complicated. It requires a big chorus, cool-sounding production and that certain enigmatic quality that makes it sound good while meat is being grilled.
B.o.B's "Airplanes" (which features an assist from Paramore singer Hayley Williams) is one of those songs. The Atlanta MC is riding a wave of cool with the chart-topping success of his debut album The Adventures of Bobby Ray, and while the album's first single, "Nothin' on You," had the sort of feel-good groove that would have made for a great summer song, "Airplanes" kicks it up a notch with a funky verse and a great sing-along chorus care of Williams, the song's secret weapon.
"Can we pretend that airplanes/ In the night sky / Are like shooting stars?" she sings. "I could really use a wish right now (wish right now, wish right now)."
"I bring something totally different than what he brings to it," Williams told MTV News earlier this month.
And as Entertainment Weekly's Leah Greenblatt points out, "You can put that song on and please a lot of people at the same time."
The crossover potential of "Airplanes" makes it a strong candidate, and that should compensate for the fact that the lyrics and the accompanying piano track make the song somewhat darker than most summer jams tend to be.
Vote for the summer jam of 2010 in the MTV Newsroom now, and stay tuned all week for more on the hottest songs of the season.


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MKR Group, Inc
Phone: 323-468-2300
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Ulysses S. Milburn Illustrated Lecture Photograph Collection
Ulysses S. Milburn Illustrated Lecture Photograph Collection
Ulysses Sumner Milburn was born in Black Lick, Ohio in 1865 and attended St. Lawrence University, graduating from the Theological School in 1891. He served 47 years in active Universalist ministry in Ohio, Maryland, New York, Missouri and Massachusetts. He married Alice Dinsmore Milburn in 1910 and was awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from his Alma Mater in 1927. U.S. Milburn was most famous for his large collection of books, manuscripts, letters and other items of the 19th century American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne, which was donated to the University in 1949. Milburn was also a traveler, photographer and lecturer. Following his retirement from the ministry, Milburn concentrated not only on building his Hawthoriana collection, but busied himself giving a variety of "illustrated travel lectures" to associations and community groups in New England.
The majority of items in this collection consist of hand-colored photo glass slides, glass slide negatives and gel negatives of scenery, buildings and people in England, Scotland, Ireland, Switzerland and other European countries; Mexico, Central and South America, and Africa. Other slides and negatives deal with pre-Columbian native burial mounds in the United States, Hawthorne and Whittier-related lecture material, religious images, songs and hymns. The collection is organized into two series, with series 1 being glass slides (photographs) and series 2 glass and gel photographic negatives.
The collection was donated to St. Lawrence University by Dr. Milburn shortly after his Hawthorne collection was donated; ca. 1950/51. Correspondence between Milburn and SLU Librarian Andrew Peters around the time the slides were donated indicates Milburn would also be donating "notes" for his lecture materials as well as the slides. The whereabouts of the lecture notes is not known and is not part of this collection.


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Even the dead are getting priced out of Manhattan.
A Catholic church plans to open its 200-year-old crypt to the public and sell a six-person family vault for $7 million, according to The New York Post.
The catacomb is located in the Basilica of St. Patrick's Old Cathedral in SoHo. It's the only Catholic cemetery in Manhattan and has burials that date back to the 1700s.
Cemetery director Frank Alfieri says the buyer will be buried with "people that set the Catholic faith in motion in New York."
Famous dead neighbors include John Connolly, the first Bishop of New York, Gen. Thomas Eckert, an adviser to Abraham Lincoln, and John Kelly, a leader of Tammany Hall and New York congressman.


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7) The copy below. The order of the word groups can be changed and the dot between the words can be changed to a different design element.
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This post is by Terry's wife Marion.
Our family may not have every ethnic group, but we've got a lot of 'em. English, Scottish, Polish, Jewish, Cherokee – and that is just a fraction of it. We are part of the portrait of America, the welcome everyone! stream that keeps reviving and renewing and invigorating us all: one family, one people, one house.
When we started planning for Passover, a couple of weeks ago, the foremost thing I was worried about was dessert. So many truly kosher-for-Passover desserts are borrrrrrring. This year I had great hopes for a couple of things, especially a cake with a great deal of roasted, ground nuts and lots of eggs, plus dates steeped in wine, lemon zest and cardamom. That experiment can best be described as unfortunate: it came out tasting like a slightly fragrant cardboard box and leaving me close to despair. But as I was poking around online, I kept bumping into versions of "Matzoh Crack," a recipe primarily featuring sheets of matzoh, caramel, plenty of chocolate, and sea salt. Some recipes may more politely refer to it as "matzoh crunch."
Frankly, this recipe is all over the Intertubes. The original was created 20 years ago by Marcy Goldman of betterbaking.com; since then numerous bloggers have run with it. All the descendants are very near her original – and all share its amazing rich simplicity.
And the addictiveness. You may want to strategize about this one. What Marcy warns about her version is true for all of them: "Make a box for yourself before Passover and one box to serve at your seders." You could also make a bunch and bring it in to your office, where it will last about 3-1/2 minutes.
If, like us, you are planning a nontraditional seder, for a blended family or a boundless social group, this is an honorable dessert.
Matzoh Crack
Serves 8 to 10
5 or 6 sheets unsalted matzohs
1 cup unsalted butter, cut into chunks
1 cup firmly-packed dark brown sugar
1/2 teaspoons sea salt, plus 1 tablespoon
1 tablespoon vanilla extract
3/4 cup semisweet chocolate chips [or chopped bittersweet or semisweet chocolate]
3/4 cup white chocolate chips [or 1-1/2 cups of one of these chocolates]
1 cup toasted sliced nuts [see Kitchen Notes]
Other toppings [see Kitchen Notes]
1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Completely line a rimmed baking sheet [approximately 11" x 17"] with foil, making sure the foil goes up and over the edges. Put a sheet of parchment paper on top of the foil.
2. Line the baking sheet with matzoh. You'll need to cut up some of the pieces to complete the job. Interestingly, although every sheet of matzoh comes perforated, the perforations never, ever help you break the cracker in any remotely linear way. I recommend cutting up the matzoh by laying each board on a smooth, flat surface, taking a serrated bread knife and pressing down with its blade between, not along, the lines of perforations. [Insert heavy sigh here.]
3. In a 2- or 3-quart heavy saucepan, melt the butter and brown sugar together, over moderate heat, until the butter is completely melted, everything is mixed together, and the mixture is beginning to boil. Stir the mixture constantly, as it simmers, for 3 minutes. Turn off the heat. Add 1/2 teaspoon sea salt and the vanilla, stir well, and right away pour it over the matzoh. Use a spatula to spread it around evenly.
4. Put the pan in the oven. Bake for 10 to 12 minutes. Keep an eye on it! It is going to get all bubbly and seething looking. That's OK. But watch the edges carefully. If they start to darken, take the pan out of the oven for a minute, then return it. You want to bake for about 10 to 12 minutes altogether.
5. Remove the pan from the oven, turn off the oven, and set the pan on the stove top or counter. Drop the semisweet chocolate chips over half the surface and the white chocolate chips over the other half. Slide the pan back into the warm oven for a minute. Take it out, then using a spatula, spread the melty chocolate chips evenly over the caramel. [Use a different spatula for the white chocolate chips.] Once everything is nice and spread around, immediately scatter the chopped nuts and the remaining tablespoon of sea salt over the entire surface. Then add any other flavorings you may want to use.
6. Set the baking sheet on a rack and let it cool completely. When the toppings are fairly set, it will help to remove the matzohs carefully from the pan and let them dry on racks.
7. Once the sheets are completely cool and set, break into pieces. To get perfect linear strips, use a serrated bread knife. Or just break and crack them into strips and chunks. Store in an airtight container in the refrigerator.
We will be serving this stacked on serving plates. Another handsome presentation, when you succeed in cutting this into long strips, is to stand the pieces vertically in glass tumblers.
Theoretically it keeps well for a week. We are unable to confirm this statement.
Kitchen Notes
Is it kosher? If you are worried whether this is a kosher for Passover dessert, please note: This recipe will be kosher for Passover if you use not just kosher products, but ingredients that are specifically kosher for Passover, and if your utensils are also specifically for that purpose. And, since this contains butter, lots of butter, the meal preceding it will have to be meatless. [Or you can use kosher margarine, to which I say eeeewwwwwwwwwwww.]
What about the chocolate? Almost every version of this recipe out there calls for semisweet or bittersweet chocolate chips, or, sometimes, semisweet bakers chocolate. I looked and looked for bittersweet chocolate chips and failed to find any, but during the hunt ran across white chocolate chips, a real ah ha! moment. White chocolate on this is really, really, really good.
What about the toppings? The sea salt is essential. Many versions of this use rafts of toasted sliced almonds, which make an extremely beautiful presentation. Some people like crushed peppermint, although I don't cotton to that for this recipe. A scattering of toasted sesame seeds, coarsely ground black pepper, vanilla sugar and toasted pecans also work well.
The versions you see in Terry's photos uses toasted, chopped hazelnuts. The white chocolate version also includes spicy rose sugar, a product we purchased from eSutras Organics, a Chicago company that focuses entirely on organic herbs, teas, spices and health and beauty products. Read more about this very nice company and its spicy rose sugar at the eSutras Organics website. The spice and rose flavor is very subtle – what comes through is the clean flavor of the cane sugar. Also, this sugar is quite pretty – you can see the pink bits of dried rose petals in the photo.
Why is matzoh perforated, anyway? The most essential tradition of Passover is to eat no bread that is leavened. Matzoh is perforated to prevent any inadvertent rising that may occur during the baking. The baker's tool for perforating matzoh, by the way, is called a reidel.


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OT Details for Flamingos-2
You are here
The FLAMINGOS-2 team strongly recommends that PIs read this section and also that they start from the automatically-generated OT templates for FLAMINGOS-2 OT library when preparing F2 observations. The library contains detailed instructions for customising the template observations: changing targets, standard stars, slit widths, etc. This web page is intended to explain the various OT components in depth:
After creating your FLAMINGOS-2 observations, please check the Checklist. If you still have questions, submit a HelpDesk query.
The FLAMINGOS-2 Static Component
Adding a F2 component to an existing observation, or adding a "F2 Observation" gives access to the FLAMINGOS-2 static component. The F2 component is used to define the basic F2 configuration and looks like this:
The available items are:
Select a suitable focal plane unit
Choice of one of the built-in focal plane units is made by clicking on the pull down lists (i.e. the down-pointing arrows) and selecting the desired unit. The built-in focal plane units included various longslits and calibration pinhole masks. For imaging, the focal plane unit should be set to "Imaging (none)". For MOS observations select the " Custom Mask" option.
Pre-imaging check box
If the observation is an image that will be used for a MOS design then please put a check mark on this check box.
The filter is chosen by clicking on the pull down list (i.e. the down-pointing arrow) and selecting the desired filter. The filter names are listed on the F2 filter pages (ignore the 5 character Gemini reference label). In spectroscopic mode, select the suitable filter for defining the spectral region of interest based on the desired spectral resolution (choise of grism as shown in the Grisms pages). A filter is always needed and the " Open " is not allowed. The filters JH and HK should not be used for broad-band imaging. The filter Y should not be used in spectroscopy mode.
Lyot Wheel
The LW position is chosen by clicking on the pull down list (i.e. the down-pointing arrow) and selecting the desired Lyot setting. The only option currently available for science observations is " f/16 (open) ". The other options are for engineering and future applications only.
The choice of grism (for spectroscopy) or None (for imaging) is made by clicking on the pull down lists (i.e. the down-pointing arrows) and selecting the desired item. The grism names match those listed on the Grisms pages. If a grisms is chosen, a filter should also be chosen to provide the desired spectral coverage and resolution (see the Grisms pages for the available options).
Setting the position angle
The facility Cassegrain Rotator can rotate the instrument to any desired angle. The angle (in conventional astronomical notation of degrees east of north) is set by typing in the "Position Angle" entry box. The view of the science field in the position editor will reflect the selected angle. Alternatively the angle may be set or adjusted in the position editor itself by interactively rotating the science field. Select "Fixed" for a fixed position angle or "Allow 180o flip" to allow for a +/- 180 degree change when automatically selecting a guide star.
Users may also elect to use the average parallactic angle in order to minimize the effects of atmospheric differential refraction. This is recommended for long-slit observations where the position angle is otherwise unconstrained. When the"Average parallactic" option is selected, the nighttime observer will use the "Set To" drop-down menu to calculate the airmass-weighted mean parallactic angle. It is recommended that PIs set the PA to 90 for observations using the average parallactic angle and verify that a guide star is available. If no guide star is available with the OIWFS, the default guider should be changed to PWFS2, keeping in mind that flexure may require reacquisitions for observations longer than ~45 minutes. Note that the average parallactic angle option is only available for longslit observations.
Setting the exposure time
The exposure time is set typing the number of seconds in the "Exp Time" field. The exposure time depends on the chosen " Read Mode ". This choice defines the minimum acceptable exposure time.
Setting the read mode
There are 3 preset read modes. Each mode has a different read noise and overhead defined by the number of Correlated Multi samplings needed. The Bright Object mode is for bright objects and consists of one CDS read. Medium Object mode is an intermediate setting and consists of four CDS reads. The Faint Object mode is for the faintest objects and offers a low read noise and 8 CDS reads. Due to hardware clocking limitations Faint (Medium) Object mode can be set only for exposure times longer than 85 (21) seconds.
Short exposures should always be set to bright mode readout (i.e. 1 CDS read). A common source of time loss during the observation is a sequence which has the Flamingos-2 static component defined for faint (or medium) brightness object because the first exposure is longer than 85 (or 21) seconds, and somewhere in the middle of the sequence a shorter exposure is requested. This fault yields the detector controller unresponsive. If mixed readout modes are necessary in the same sequence, then specify the corresponding readout mode for each step in the sequence.
Selecting the ISS port
The location of the F2 OIWFS patrol field on the sky depends on which ISS port on the telescope has F2 mounted. Normally F2 is mounted on the "side-looking" ISS port. The OT has this selection as its default. It is important to make sure that the correct ISS port is selected for the current semester, since it affects whether the selected OIWFS guide star can be reached.
FLAMINGOS-2 Iterator
The F2 Iterator is a member of a class of instrument iterators. Each works exactly the same way, except that different options are presented depending upon the instrument. Below some of its features are shown in two examples. The first example is for imaging, the second example for longslit spectroscopy. The iteration sequence is set up by building an Iteration Table. The table columns are items over which to iterate.
The items that are available for inclusion in the iterator table are shown in the box in the upper right-hand corner of the F2 Sequence Components figures below. Selecting one of these items moves it into the table in its own column. Each cell of the table is selectable. The selected cell is highlighted green. When a cell is selected, the available options for its value are displayed in the box in the upper left-hand corner. For example, when a cell in the filter column is selected, the available filters are entered into the text box. When a cell in the exposure time column is picked, the upper left-hand corner displays a text box so that the number of seconds can be entered. When a cell in the "Custom MDF" column is picked, the upper left-hand corner displays a text box so that the mask MDF name will eventually be entered (not available yet).
Rows or columns may be added and removed at will. Rows (iteration steps) may be rearranged using the arrow buttons.
Example 1: F2 Iterator imaging example
|F2 iterator example for imaging
|The resulting sequence with one observe element and no offset iterator
In this example the sequence iterates over filters and exposure times so there are two corresponding columns in the table. Table rows correspond to iterator steps. At run time, all the values in a row are set at once. Since there are three steps in this table, an observe element nested inside the F2 iterator would produce an observe command for each filter using the specified integration times.
Example 2: F2 Iterator longslit spectroscopy example
|F2 iterator example for longslit spectroscopy
|The resulting sequence with one observe element and no offset iterator
In this example the sequence iterates over all combinations of grism and filter for spectroscopy so there are two corresponding columns in the table. Table rows correspond to iterator steps. At run time, all the values in a row are set at once. Since there are six steps in this table, an observe element nested inside the F2 iterator would produce an observe command for each of six steps.
Viewing the FLAMINGOS-2 On-Instrument Wavefront Sensor Field
F2 is equipped with an on-instrument wavefront sensor (OIWFS). The region accessible to the OIWFS has an " asymmetric lens " shape, partly inside the imaging field of view, see the F2 OIWFS page for details. The OIWFS arm vignettes a small part of the field of view if a guide star inside the imaging field of view is chosen. The vignetting and the region accessible to OIWFS can be viewed with the position editor by using the Field of View: OIWFS item in the position editor menu bar. An example of this is shown in the figure below; the accessible patrol field is outlined with the red dashed line and the projected vignetting of the OIWFS is shown shaded in red. If multiple offsets are defined the green dashed line delineates the region within which valid guide stars may be selected, showing the intersection of the accessible patrol field for all the offset positions. The example is shown for F2 on the side-looking ISS port.
In cases where the science orientation is not critical, it is possible to rotate the instrument position angle to reach stars at other locations in the field.


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by Chuck Israels
Lesson 19 - Writing for The Whole Band (Cont.)
Things to Consider When Using Full Band Tutti Textures:
Denser textures impede the rhythmic flow more than those smoother, more transparent textures with fewer voices. Fewer voices swing more. Unisons swing the most.
Denser, more complex, textures take more time to be absorbed by the ear and are therefore more suitable to slower moving passages where there is time to allow appreciation of the textural complexities.
If doubling the trumpet voicing in the trombones does not produce the desired results, another common method of distributing the chord voicing is to include the essential voices (7ths and 3rds) in the trombone section voicing and use the trumpets in upper structure triads, with the 4th trumpet doubling the lead and octave lower.
Here is a particularly effective passage using this texture from an arrangement Dave Berger wrote for the national Jazz ensemble. The sound of the piece is based on the kind of dominant chord whose upper structure consists of stacked diminished 7th chords. (See Chapter 3, example 10.) This passage uses these sounds in their most complete and complex versions, placing special demands on register and chord voicing in the sections. But once the sound of the chord and the voice distribution is established, the structure remains constant for 8 measures. In the 9th measure, the voicing changes, and everything is packed closely in a dark, lower-middle register, with the brass playing in hats producing a soft, dark, murky effect. (This passage begins with a long, accented, lower neighbor, chromatic-approach chord.) Only the trombone section retains the same intervallic relationship among its parts. The excerpt ends with the chords spread widely across the whole range of the band. The baritone plays the roots, supported by the 3rd trombone a 5th above (until it joins the baritone on the root on the last chord). Trombones 1 and 2 play the essential middle parts of the chord (the 7th and 3rd) in the most effective register. The lead trumpet plays interesting color tones, no longer doubled by the 4th trumpet and octave below, and the rest of the saxophones fill in the middle register with upper structure notes omitted from the brass voicing. All this complexity is contrasted at measure 17 with a simple dominant 7th chord voicing. Its worth noting that the E@ and D triads in measure 17 that are in apparent conflict with the A7 chord are simply heard as upper neighbors, even though they last a whole measure.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Here is the full score of a complete big band composition, part of which appeared in a condensed score in Chapter 4 (ex. 4-9). There is a description of the form of the piece in Chapter 4.
Score References & Musical Examples Using JABB:
Click on Play Button below to Play from the Score
Go Here to the "Donation & Pre-Order Page"Please Support the Free Online Jazz Arranging Course
Donate to the Author or Pre-Order the Book & DVD
The online "Exploring Jazz Arranging" course is the culmination of a tremendous amount of work and represents a golden opportunity to learn from a real master. The course is offered free of charge and there is no obligation to buy anything. If you are benefiting from this course, it would be appropriate to honor Chuck's work if it is within your means. One way to support the effort is to make a donation to Chuck in appreciation of his work.Any and all donation proceeds go directly to Chuck.
Another way to support this work us to pre-order the hardcover book & DVD that will ship at the conclusion of this course. The hardcover book will have additional material and will include this entire course on DVD.


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For more than 30 years, WETA has proudly partnered with Ken Burns to bring landmark documentaries to the nation via public television.
This collaboration has produced many films including The Civil War, Jazz, Baseball, THE WAR, The National Parks: America's Best Idea, The Dust Bowl, The Roosevelts: An Intimate History and The Vietnam War. WETA is delighted to play an important role in bringing these films to a viewing audience nationwide.
Ken Burns and his colleagues at Florentine Films are an astonishingly creative and successful team, and it is WETA's great pleasure to work with them.
The following are several of Ken Burns's upcoming and recent productions.