text:
Elderly Centre, Falcognana
Opening on December 2010, Falcognana Elderly Centre is part of an urban redevelopment on the outskirts of Rome, currently approaching its completion. Besides it, the intervention involves a central square with a children playground, a green square, a park with sport facilities, micro gardens and walkways.
ln such a peripheral location, the public building responses to the will/need of elderly local residents to spend their free time together and supports their strong sense of community.
The main design idea is to create an open building, where inside and outside space are constantly relating to each other, establishing an open dialogue between nature and architecture, since, as a matter of fact, the site is at the edge between an irregular high density residential texture and the rich countryside surrounding it. The context for the project is both a human and a natural one.
Moreover it aims to keep the strong natural character of the place and to build a public facility which is able to qualify the entire built agglomeration and to organize its active social life.
The elderly centre consists simply into two big spaces, one for women's and one for men's activities, which are divided by a glass wall, with a difference of 1,05 m between the rooms' floors. Services are on the upper part, where also the main entrance is located. Total interior surface is ca. 400 sqm.
The building envelope's geometry consists in a wrapping device. A continuous system allows to forget the traditional reference of enfolding for an architecture of becoming, where superimposition of plans is replaced by surfaces' continuity. The V-shaped concrete elements sprout up from the ground, like roots, and turn into beams of the roof slab, while various transparencies of glass define a protected enclosure below.
The materiality of the glass skin is declined from translucent industrial cast U-glass to full-high transparent cuts, sometimes with glass doors, which drug nature into the building and make sun filtering through, constantly changing the interior lighting during the day. The glass façade overlooking the countryside panorama creates a permanent contact with the landscape, from an inclusive place, which is thought itself as a fragment of nature's complexity.The green resinous coatings on concrete flooring establishes a chromatic continuity with the meadow outside.
Structure defines architecture and its language in its purest form. The intention is to employ a material that is widely used in construction in Italy, but trying to turn it into a form of expression, by way of a simple construction system and the use of colour. The achieve is a crude, almost brutal, effect that emphasizes its material quality. Concrete is coloured with red pigment - a color which is very typical for the Roman countryside buildings - in the mixture to get an homogeneous material to mould.
The three pairs of rhomboidal section inclined vertical columns are the building's distinctive features. Starting from the same point on the ground two by two, they open up and fold becoming beams of the roof slab; in-between the pairs of beams, steel cables allow vegetation to grow, creating a protected porch between the main building and the square. These beams outline a geometric grid, characterizing both roof horizontal surfaces, by way of their red color but also through a small intrados relief (6 cm). The roof slab is supported punctually at each beam intersection vertex by steel columns.
Outer public and semi-private spaces adjoining the building, as well as its interior, are conceived as an extension of domestic space, hosting the spontaneous social initiatives of the inhabitants. As in the local practice of use of land, countryside and urbanity merge together, for an ecologic conversion of territory into a living landscape.


text:
Cicelia McKinnon's kind of broke, so she didn't want the cops to ticket her for not having lights on her bike. She went out of her way to stay away from a well-lit area. That's when she got hit by a deputy's 2008 Ford Crown Victoria squad car in Collier County, Fla. Don't worry: She lived.
She said she probably didn't see the deputy because her glasses are broken. When asked how bad her vision is, McKinnon said. "It's pretty bad." ... Right now I can't afford glasses. They're expensive."
Poor thing.
Question at hand: Why the hell did the cops release this borderline snuffumetary?
"It helps illustrate what happened that evening in this unfortunate accident," Sheriff's Office spokeswoman Kristi Lester said in an e-mail.
Yes, Kristi, video tends to do that.
Collier Sheriff's Office releases video of woman being struck by deputy's car [Naples News]

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Lilian (Age 19)
Smithfield, VA
About LILIAN :
"I love fun and sex and im merely looking for some adult online fun right now……
Have been out of the adult dating scene for awhile and def not ready for nething serious like a relationship.. Just casual encounters; quick fix with great sex
Send me a message and I might consider you"
Tammera (Age 26)
Shacklefords, VA
About TAMMERA :
"I like to meet new exciting people. I like to get to know you before I get physical so please don't bother me with obscene pics. Show me some decency first! I'm bi-curious and would like to get in contact with a couple willing to teach me some 3-some fun! Tell me something about you and please send a picture along XX Looking forward meeting you X"
Danette (Age 25)
White Post, VA
About DANETTE :
"I am an open, curious, erotic girl who likes to live life to the fullest, especially when it comes to sex.. I enjoy sports, love to work out. I love being naked around the house, sitting in my Jacuzzi with a drink and a friend. I like to find new ways to climax of have extended climaxes."
Natalya (Age 20)
Portsmouth, VA
About NATALYA :
"If your into huge natural breasts than your at the right profile honey. Im told that my boobs are the best you ever will come across. Never ever a guy refused me to stick his throbbing, steaming cock between my twins and massage them for me..Well if you're skilled, nice, gentle to me and are hot sexy and well endowed you might give a shot! Indulge yourself in all the fleshy desires.. XXX"


text:
LITCHFIELD PARK, Ariz. – I.K. Kim, a three-time LPGA Tour winner and Special Olympics Global Ambassador for golf, joined more than 200 Special Olympics golfers from throughout the United States and Canada on Thursday for the 13th Annual Special Olympics North America Golf Invitational Tournament at The Wigwam Resort. Kim played a practice round with Special Olympics athletes, presented a skills clinic and participated in the tournament's Opening Ceremonies.
"Special Olympics opened my eyes to the possibilities of these athletes," Kim said during a break from the day's activities. "They're very good and really focused. I learn from Special Olympics athletes … you have to have your own 'best' and Special Olympics athletes show everyone how we should all live."
To return to the home page for the 2012 Special Olympics North America Golf Invitational Tournament, click here.
Kim played a morning practice round with Jeff Steron and Roger Braun of Arizona and Grace Anne Braxton of Virginia. In between shots and putts, the group discussed their shared love of golf. Roger Braun of Glendale, Ariz., began participating in Special Olympics golf more than 20 years ago in the individual skills competition. He advanced to 9-hole individual stroke play after just one year and began competing in the 18-hole individual stroke competition six years ago, which is the level he will be competing in this weekend.
"All I want to do is golf -- I love it!," said Braun, who earned a gold medal in Iowa in 2006 and a bronze in Florida in 2011.
Jeff Steron of Tempe, Ariz., picked up tips from Kim during the round and, together, the pair scored four pars. Steron also overcomes the physical challenges of cerebral palsy, playing with the functional use of only one arm and impressing Kim with his long drives, including one that reached nearly 200 yards.
"It felt really good when I hit a couple solid drives," Steron proudly said.
Following the round, Kim met with the Special Olympics golf resource team, a group of PGA Professionals and Special Olympics representatives who provide guidance to Special Olympics on its global golf development and growth, an area of particular interested to Kim.
She then hosted a one-hour clinic for more than 50 Special Olympics athletes, answering questions, sharing training and technique tips and providing one-on-one instruction.
She also joined nearly 500 Special Olympics athletes, coaches, volunteers, plus PGA of America and United States Golf Association (USGA) officials for Opening Ceremonies on Thursday evening. Similar to the Olympics, 203 Special Olympics golfers and their Unified partners (for team play) marched in by delegation; a presentation of colors was staged; an Arizona Special Olympics athlete sang the national anthem; golfers recited the Special Olympics oath; and the Special Olympics cauldron was lit and will be extinguished at the close of the tournament on Sunday, Sept. 9.
About the 2012 Special Olympics North America Golf Invitational Tournament
The 13th Annual Special Olympics North America Golf Invitational Tournament is being held Sept. 6-9, 2012, at The Wigwam Resort in Litchfield Park, Ariz.
Special Olympics golf is part of the worldwide Special Olympics sports movement for children and adults with intellectual disabilities. More than 200 golfers representing 18 U.S. states and Canada will compete in one of five levels of competition at the tournament. Opening Ceremonies began the tournament on Thursday, with three competitive golf rounds played Friday through Sunday. Awards ceremonies for the golf competition will take place immediately following the final round on Sunday. KPMG, The PGA of America, USGA and PGA Tour are presenting sponsors of the 2012 tournament.
Special Olympics Golf allows athletes to grow in the game as they gain experience. Level I competition consists of an individual skills contest, where six golf skills are tested. Level II is Unified Sports alternate shot team play, where a Special Olympics athlete is paired with a golfer without intellectual disability for 9-hole competition. Level III is Unified Sports team play, pairing Special Olympics athletes and golfers without intellectual disabilities for an 18-hole competition. Levels IV and V are individual stroke play 9-hole and 18-hole competitions, respectively.
Tournament rounds begin daily at 7:00 a.m., Friday through Sunday, with award ceremonies held immediately following the final round, approximately 12:00 p.m. through 3:00 p.m. on Sunday.
The Special Olympics golf program began in 1988 with the assistance of The PGA of America and USGA. Since then, both associations contribute to the growth of the program with grassroots training, rules education, tournament administration and national program financial support. The PGA Tour also provides ongoing financial support to the program. PGA Tour player Padraig Harrington and LPGA Tour player I.K. Kim are global sport ambassadors for Special Olympics. Currently, more than 19,000 Special Olympics athletes participate in golf training and competition within 49 U.S. Special Olympics programs. Worldwide, more than 50 countries offer Special Olympics golf programs.


text:
Criminal Charges Not Expected in IRS Probe
FBI Investigation Involves Heightened Scrutiny of Conservative Groups
WASHINGTON—The Federal Bureau of Investigation doesn't plan to file criminal charges over the Internal Revenue Service's heightened scrutiny of conservative groups, law-enforcement officials said, a move that likely will only intensify debate over the politically charged scandal.
The officials said investigators didn't find the kind of political bias or "enemy hunting" that would amount to a violation of criminal law. Instead, what emerged during the probe was evidence of a mismanaged bureaucracy enforcing rules...


text:
Hurricane response crews from the U.S. Geological Survey are installing more than 120 storm-tide sensors at key locations along the Gulf Coast from the Florida Panhandle to Louisiana in advance of the arrival of Hurricane Isaac.
The storm-tide sensors, frequently called storm-surge sensors, will be secured to piers and poles in areas where the hurricane is expected to make landfall. The instruments being installed will record the precise time the storm-tide arrived, how ocean and inland water levels changed during the storm, the depth of the storm-tide throughout the event, and how long it took for the water to recede.
"While every hurricane brings the possibility for devastation, it also brings a learning opportunity by capturing valuable scientific data that improves our understanding of the pattern and timing of storm-driven coastal inundation," said USGS Director Marcia McNutt. "This vital information will help reduce loss of life and property now and in future events."
Storm-tides are increases in ocean water levels generated at sea by extreme storms and can have devastating coastal impacts. In locations where tidal forecasts are known, the sensors being installed can also help determine storm surge. For differences between storm-surge and tidal-surge, visit the National Hurricane Center's website.
This information will be used to assess storm damage, discern between wind and flood damage, and improve computer models used to forecast future coastal inundation.
In addition, rapid deployment gauges will be installed along critical roadways to provide real-time information to forecast floods and coordinate flood-response activities in the affected areas. The sensors augment a network of existing U.S. Geological Survey gauging stations already in place before the storm arrives.
Of the sensors deployed, 12 of those have real-time capability that will allow viewing of the storm-tide as Hurricane Isaac approaches and makes landfall. The real-time gauges have water level, precipitation and wind sensors that will transmit all data hourly. All gauge data can be found at the USGS Storm-Tide Mapper.
Providing information to support future forecasts could ultimately save lives during future storms. These sensors were deployed for the first time during Hurricane Rita in 2005. Before then, scientists had limited data available to study the effects of storm surge.
"Forecasters at the National Weather Service rely on USGS real-time and long-term data for input into its predictive models that are used to improve storm surge models and prepare storm-tide warnings," said Brian McCallum, assistant director of the USGS Georgia Water Science Center. "Floodplain managers, federal, state and local emergency preparedness officials, emergency responders, scientists and researchers all benefit from the storm-tide and associated flood data. It's useful for flood damage prevention and public safety."
The USGS studies the impacts of hurricanes and tropical storms to better understand potential impacts on coastal areas. Information provided through the sensor networks provides critical data for more accurate modeling and prediction capabilities and allows for improved structure designs and response for public safety.
The USGS also continuously monitors water levels and flows at thousands of the nation's streams on a real-time basis. The public can access this information for their area at the USGS Current Streamflow Conditions web page. Also, USGS WaterAlert allows users to receive a text or email from the USGS when waters are rising in rivers and streams near them.
For the latest forecasts on the storm, listen to NOAA radio. For information on preparing for the storm, visit Ready.gov or Listo.gov
USGS provides science for a changing world. Visit USGS.gov, and follow us on Twitter @USGS and our other social media channels.
Subscribe to our news releases via e-mail, RSS or Twitter.
Links and contacts within this release are valid at the time of publication.


text:
Translating OxS
- 1 Translation Managers
- 2 Translations by Application
- 3 Introduction
- 4 Checking Language Availability
- 5 Installing a Language
- 6 Translating OJS and OCS
- 6.1 Creating a Manual Translation
- 6.2 Using the Translation Plugin Tool
- 6.3 Submit your translation to PKP
Translation Managers
The following community members have volunteered for managing their respective translations, across all PKP applications. (Note that these managers don't necessarily translate each application, but they do have oversight of the PKP application suite as a whole.) Please contact them with any questions regarding the language they manage.
- German (de_DE): Marco Tullney: email@example.com
- Spanish (es_ES): Marc Bria: firstname.lastname@example.com (OJS, OMP & OCS), Vicente Lillo: firstname.lastname@example.com (OMP).
- Catalan (ca_ES): Marc Bria: email@example.com
Translations by Application
You will find more information on translations, including contributors and translations notes, below. Contributors are encouraged to contact us for login information to maintain their translation page.
OJS Languages
- Arabic (ar_IQ)
- Basque (eu_ES)
- Bulgarian (bg_BG)
- Catalan (ca_ES)
- Chinese (zh_CN)
- Chinese (zh_TW)
- Croatian (hr_HR)
- Czech (cs_CZ)
- Danish (da_DK)
- Dutch (nl_NL)
- Farsi (fa_IR)
- Finnish (fi_FI)
- French (fr_CA)
- French (fr_FR)
- Galician (gl_ES)
- German (de_DE)
- Greek (el_GR)
- Indonesian (id_ID)
- Italian (it_IT)
- Japanese (ja_JP)
- Macedonian (mk_MK)
- Malayalam (ml_IN)
- Norwegian (no_NO)
- Polish (pl_PL)
- Portuguese (pt_BR)
- Portuguese (pt_PT)
- Romanian (ro_RO)
- Russian (ru_RU)
- Serbian (sr_SR)
- Spanish (es_AR)
- Spanish (es_ES)
- Swedish (sv_SE)
- Turkish (tr_TR)
- Ukranian (uk_UA)
- Vietnamese (vi_VN)
- Welsh (cy_GB)
OCS Languages
OMP Languages
- Catalan: Català (ca_ES)
- French: Français (Canada) (fr_CA)
- German: Deutsch (de_DE)
- Greek: ελληνικά (el_GR)
- Portuguese: Português (Brasil) (pt_BR)
- Spanish: Español (España) (es_ES)
OJS and OCS are multilingual systems, allowing journals and conferences to publish in a variety of languages. The Public Knowledge Project aims to support English, French, Spanish and Portuguese translations for both OJS and OCS. In addition, translations of both software packages have been completed by the community, and we welcome contributions at any time.
All text you see in a typical fresh OxS interface has been abstracted from the system code, and has in fact been retrieved from one of a number of XML locale files. These files can be found in folders using appropriate ISO locale codes (the Language Code Listing followed by the Country Code Listing), for example en_US for American English, or pt_BR for Brazilian Portuguese. This document will use en_US for its examples.
These locale directories will typically have XML files containing lists of message keys written in them: these message keys and their corresponding values correspond to template lines in the system code itself. The following set of message keys are taken from locale/en_US/locale.xml:
<message key="navigation.journalHelp">Journal Help</message> <message key="navigation.home">Home</message> <message key="navigation.about">About</message> <message key="navigation.userHome">User Home</message> <message key="navigation.login">Log In</message> <message key="navigation.register">Register</message>
When the system needs to display a piece of text, it first determines which language should be displayed. The first place it checks is to see which language has been set as the site-wide default by the Site Administrator. If the user is currently looking at a journal, the system instead checks to see which language the Journal Manager has set as the default. And finally, if multiple languages have been installed it checks to see if the user has specified another language to be used instead of the default. More information on administering languages can be found in the section on checking language availability.
Once the system knows which language to display to the user it grabs the message key value from the locale file that belongs to that specific translation: that is, if it needs to display the text relevant to message key="navigation.journalHelp" from the above example, and knows that it should display this in English, it will look in locale/en_US/locale.xml for the appropriate key value, in this case "Journal Help". If the message key doesn't exist (if the locale file is missing that particular key, or doesn't exist on the system in the first place), the system will display the raw message key surrounded by hash marks:
If you ever see that kind of code on an OJS or OCS page, you know that the translation is incomplete. You can take a look at the section on translating to see how to complete it.
Checking Language Availability
You are advised to first check which languages are available from your version of OCS or OJS. If the language you want isn't listed, then check our website for availability.
Checking Your Software for Available Languages
The first place to check on language availability is from within the software installation itself.
For both OJS and OCS: If you have System Administrator access, log in and go to the System Administrator User Home, and click the Languages link, which will take you to the site-wide languages administration page. This page has two main sections:
- Under Language Settings you will find a drop-down box for your Primary Locale: this sets the default language across the entire site; users will be presented with this language by default, until they change their own language preference.
You will also see a list of supported locales, with checkboxes next to them. The selected locales will be available for use by all journals hosted on the site, and will also appear in a language select menu on each site page (which can be overridden on journal-specific pages). If multiple locales are not selected, the language toggle menu will not appear and extended language settings will not be available to journals.
- Under Manage Locales you will find a list of installed locales, as well as a list of new locales that haven't been installed.
Beside each installed locale you will see: a link to reload locale, useful if you have made any changes to any locale files; and a link to uninstall locale, which will not remove locale files from your server but will remove them from the list of supported locales.
At the very bottom, beside each locale that hasn't yet been installed, you will see a checkbox. To install a language, check the box next to its name and click Install. The page will reload and the locale will appear under Manage Locales.
If a language is listed as available and installed from the Site Administrator's Languages administration page, you will still have to enable it for your journal or conference for it to be available to users. Log in as a Journal Manager or Conference Manager, and from your User Home click on Languages to visit the journal- or conference-specific language administration page. Here you will be able to set the primary locale for your journal or conference, and likewise enable supported languages to be used journal- or conference-wide. If you enable more than one language, users will be able to toggle between them via a drop-down menu on the sidebar.
Checking the PKP Website for Available Languages
The PKP keeps an up-to-date list of languages and contributors from the relevant project page.
Information is organized in a table, with the software version along the X axis and the list of languages on the Y axis. Clicking on a language name will take you to an individual language page, which will list the most recent contributors, and any other relevant information.
All languages fall into the following categories:
- Complete: either bundled with that particular version of OCS or OJS, or are otherwise available for download from the list.
- Needs Updating: these files may be included with the version you are using (the table will indicate this) but incomplete for some reason (they may be a version out of date but still relevant enough to be useful; or they may not have been 100% translated in the first place). If they are listed as not being included with the software version you are using, you can contact the last known maintainers to see if they have any recent files.
If you don't see the language(s) you are looking for listed on either of these lists, please consider undertaking the translation yourself. If you are interested in contributing in such a way, contact us for advice, or consult the rest of this document.
Installing a Language
Language packs are available in tar.gz archive format, and can be installed by following these steps (You will require software such as 7-Zip to decompress the downloaded file):
- untar the archive to your OJS or OCS root directory on the server: this will place the translated locale files into the appropriate directories;
- add the locale to registry/locales.xml using the following syntax:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE locales SYSTEM "../dbscripts/xml/dtd/locales.dtd"> <locales> <locale key="de_DE" name="Deutsch (Deutschland)"/> <locale key="en_US" name="English"/> <locale key="es_ES" name="Español (España)"/> <locale key="fr_CA" name="Français (Canada)"/> (... and so on) </locales>
- Log into your system as a System Administrator, and go to your Languages page;
- Check the checkbox beside the newly-registered locale under Install New Locales and click Install;
- After the page reloads, check the checkbox beside the newly-installed locale beside Supported Locales and click Save.
You will then need to either visit each conference or journal you are administering and activate the language from the Journal/Conference Manager Language page. You can do this by checking the box beside Supported Locales and clicking Save.
Warning: Visit your system information page (http://<your-site>/index.php/index/admin/systemInfo) and review your "registry_dir" variable to be sure you are editing the right locales.xml
Translating OJS and OCS
There are two ways to translate OJS and OCS: you can create a completely manual translation by writing locale files by hand; or you can use the Translator plugin, available in OJS 2.2/OCS 2.1 and above, to finish new translations or edit existing ones.
Creating a Manual Translation
Finding the Files to Translate
To translate OxS into an additional language by hand, first download the latest version of OJS or OCS to a computer (which doesn't have to be a webserver: this can be on your desktop) to extract the files just for translation purposes.
You will require software such as 7-Zip to decompress the downloaded file (e.g., ojs-2.2.3.tar.gz).
Opening the downloaded file with your decompression software will create a directory on your computer based on the downloaded file (e.g., ojs-2.2). Within this directory you will find the following list of subdirectories, where the XML files needing translation are located (en_US is both systems' default language, and by that nature always the most complete; we'll use it as the starting language for a translation):
OxS 2.2 files
- locale/en_US: This directory contains the main locale file with the majority of localized OJS text.
- dbscripts/xml/data/locale/en_US: This directory contains localized database data, such as email templates.
- help/en_US: This directory contains the help files for OJS.
- registry/locale/en_US: This directory contains additional localized information such as a country list.
- rt/en_US: This directory contains the Reading Tools.
- plugins/[plugin category]/[plugin name]/locale, where applicable: These directories contain plugin-specific locale strings.
OxS 2.3+ files
Starting in OJS 2.3, the main locale file in locale/en_US has been split into a number of different locale files; the old email templates file has also been moved from the dbscripts location to the locale/en_US directory; and the files in registry/locale/en_US have also been moved.
- locale/en_US: This directory contains a number of locale files, including the emailTemplates.xml locale file. All files should be translated.
- lib/pkp/locale/en_US: This directory contains locale files with keys that apply to our entire PKP suite of applications. All files should be translated. It may be that a translator for another application has already translated these files for you; ensure that you check whether these files already exist for the locale you are working on.
- help/en_US: This directory contains the help files for OJS.
- rt/en_US: This directory contains the Reading Tools.
- plugins/[plugin category]/[plugin name]/locale, where applicable: These directories contain plugin-specific locale strings.
Editing the Files
On opening the XML files, you will notice commonalities between each file: Commented-out topmatter (anything appearing in tags) which you can safely ignore, and then various types of XML tags. There may also be instructions for each locale file, placed in a comments field.
The following XML entity exists in some, but not all of the XML files that you can translate:
<locale name="en_US" full_name="U.S. English">
This should be change to the language you are translating to, eg. French:
<locale name="fr_FR" full_name="Français (France)">
Next you will encounter the meat of the locale files, the message keys and their corresponding values. For example, the text that is to be translated in locale/en_US/locale.xml begins like this:
<message key="common.and">and</message> <message key="common.between">between</message> ...
Only the text that sits between the XML tags is in need of translation. Here you can see how that text has been translated into French, after which it has been saved in a file named locale/fr_CA/locale.xml:
<message key="common.and">et</message> <message key="common.between">entre</message> ...
Saving and Properly Placing the Files
Once you have translated the necessary XML files, they will need to be placed in an appropriately named subdirectory, using the ISO locale codes for your language and country (e.g., the files in locale/en_US are translated into French and saved in a subdirectory named locale/fr_CA).
The only critical files that need translation for the system to function properly are found in locale/en_US, dbscripts/xml/data/locale/en_US (versions older than OxS 2.3 only), and registry/locale/en_US (again, only in versions older than OxS 2.3).
New locales must also be added to the file registry/locales.xml, after which they can be installed in the system through the site administration web interface.
Using the Translation Plugin Tool
OJS 2.2 and OCS 2.1 onwards come with a translation plugin that makes the task of updating incomplete translations much easier. You can also start a new translation from scratch, although this takes a bit more work initially. For OMP 1.1.1+ and OJS 3.0+, the plugin is available from a dedicated repository: https://github.com/pkp/translator.
To enable the plugin, log in as a Journal Manager and go to User Home and then System Plugins; you'll find the Translator plugin listed with the generic plugins. Click on the plugin's Enable link. To access the plugin, return to the System Plugin page, scroll down to the plugin, and click the newly-available Translate link.
You'll now see a list of available (already-installed) locales, and three available actions: Check, Edit and Export.
Checking a Translation
You can check the translation's completeness by clicking the Check link: this will show you a list of missing locale files; keys missing from existing locale files; extra (unneeded) keys; suspicious key lengths (if your translated key value is substantially longer than the English default); and also missing or extra system emails.
If you are missing a locale file, the plugin will allow you to create one and translate the key values from the English default by entering new values against old values into relevant fields. Any other error will display the error message, plus the offending key value in an editable field.
Editing a Translation
If you already know where an error is, you can click the Edit link beside the language name you need to fix, and then click the Edit link next to the specific locale file (please note: clicking the locale filename itself will link you directly to the locale file, which is downloadable).
You will be presented with a list of all keys in that locale file, with their English values alongside your translation values. You can edit your translation values directly here, and save your results, by clicking in the translation value field and making any necessary changes.
If you know the specific key you want to change (say "navigation.journalHelp") enter the key into the search field at the top of the table and press Search: you will be taken to the appropriate page, with the key/value highlighted in yellow.
You can also delete any key from the locale file by clicking the Delete link next to it. Please note, however, that you can't currently add a new key with the Translator plugin: if you do delete a key only to need it later, you will have to add it manually (ie., by editing the file on the server).
Exporting a Translation
You can export a translation by clicking the Export link across from the language name on the Translator plugin page: the system will compress all locale files for that one translation to a downloadable tar.gz package. This is especially useful if you need to migrate a newly-translated language to another OJS or OCS environment, or if you would like to contribute your changes back to the PKP.
Starting a Translation From Scratch
Using the Translation plugin to start a translation from scratch is a little more involved than editing an incomplete, installed translation. You'll need to manually create and upload the main locale file (locales/[your_LANG]/locale.xml) and email templates file (dbscripts/xml/data/locale/[your_LANG]/email_templates_data.xml in OJS <2.3; otherwise found in locales/[your_LANG]/), and enter your new language into registry/locales.xml, after which your language will appear in the list of editable translations when you visit the Translator plugin. Once this is done you can add new locale files as per the above instructions, and you'll even be able to edit the above two files.
Submit your translation to PKP
GitHub "pull request" is the preferred method to submit your translations to PKP.
You will find this link extremely helpful to create your local repository and submit your changes:
Once you have setup you local and origin forked repository, you will need to submit your changes to your remote github repository ("origin") as is suggested here:
Notice that, as far as translation files are in root but also in the submodule "lib/pkp" folder, you will need TWO pushes: One for the main "OxS" repository and the other for the submodule "pkp-lib".
In summary this is the process you need to follow:
- Fork "oxs" and "lib-pkp" repositories to your own github account.
- Clone your fork to your local repository.
- Make your local modifications.
- Push first "lib-pkp" and then "oxs" (separately) to your remote repository.
- Make 2 separate "pull requests" (github interface).
In detail those are the specific instructions that you need to run after forking both repositories:
# Check out your base repository (pe: ojs-dev_2_4), including submodules. git checkout ojs-dev_2_4 git submodule update --init --recursive cd lib/pkp git checkout ojs-dev_2_4 cd ../..
# Create a branch with your new translations (both, in "OxS" and "pkp-lib") git checkout -b tra-es_ES-245 origin/ojs-dev-2_4 cd lib/pkp git checkout -b tra-es_ES-245 origin/ojs-dev-2_4 cd ../..
# If you worked with external tools (pe: CAT tools that generate new XMLs) copy your source files over the existing ones. cp origen/* . -a
# Commit your changes (first in your submodule) cd lib/pkp git add . git commit -a cd ../.. git add . git commit -a
# Send your changes to your own github repository. git push -u origin tra-es_ES-243 cd lib/pkp git push -u origin tra-es_ES-243 cd ../..
# Make a "pull request" and send your work to the official PKP repository (first submodule, then root).
Some tips
Adding a subproject:
git submodule add git://github.com/marcbria/adminlocker plugins/generic/adminLocker
Change your remote repository (pe: from git to https)
git remote set-url origin https://github.com/marcbria/pkp-lib.git
Add color information:
git config --global --add color.ui true
Draw branches:
git log --graph --oneline --all firefox https://github.com/pkp/ojs/network
Configure your git to globally ignore file permissions:
git config --add --global core.filemode false
Unset the filemode property in your submodules:
git config --unset core.filemode


text:
Originally published November 17, 2012 at 4:00 PM | Page modified November 18, 2012 at 10:56 AM
Op-ed: We should stop waging a war on cars
For several decades, the politically correct thinking has been that people should ride transit, walk or bike instead of driving a car. The car is not the problem, writes guest columnist Bruce L. Nurse.
Special to The Times
A MAJOR change from the political ideology of waging war on the car to accommodating the car would be a huge step toward less traffic congestion in the Seattle area.
For several decades, the politically correct thinking has been that people should ride transit, walk or bike instead of drive a car.
But the car is not the problem.
The car is an innocent and dutiful result of the basic principles of a free society. People want to have mobility. People want to travel in a safe environment where they want to go, when they want to go and with whom they want to go. The individual right to be free is what creates the demand for the car.
The United States is the most mobile society in the history of civilization. Along with freedom and education, mobility has allowed our society to prosper economically.
Limiting parking and road capacity is a failed policy of leaders who believe transit is the solution. Transit is an important but small part of the solution. Transit has lost market share of total trips for the past 50 years.
For more than 70 years, the city of Seattle has followed a de facto isolation policy concerning road capacity. Seattle has opposed or limited every major project to or through the city.
Now the Alaskan Way tunnel is being built at a cost of $4 billion with 35 percent less capacity than the viaduct that is being removed; a third bridge across Lake Washington from Sandpoint to Juanita was voted down during the Translake Study in the 1990s; and the 520 bridge replacement has been downsized from eight lanes to six with two of them designated as HOV lanes.
Seattle has also supported light rail to the Eastside, taking the Interstate 90 center roadway, reducing total lanes from 10 to eight, which will reduce the freight and general-purpose traffic in the I-90 corridor.
Half of all vehicle miles traveled in urban areas of the United States are on freeways. In other words, freeways work very well. Therefore, not providing adequate freeway capacity for the growth of a region causes congestion for personal travel and cripples the goods-and-services traffic that is significant to the economy.
Unfortunately, the politically correct ideology that has emphasized transit is now spending 60 percent of all public transportation tax dollars in King County on transit even though projections say transit, including light rail, will accommodate less than 4 percent of our daily trips 20 years from now. The car remains at over 90 percent of daily trips in 20 years.
The biggest project that is shovel-ready is the Interstate 405 Master Plan, approved by 27 government entities and agencies. A federal record of decision in 2002 accepted the plan. This major improvement to a 30-mile corridor has been recognized since the early 1990s as necessary to accommodate the growth of the suburban cities in the Puget Sound area.
Unfortunately, to gain approval of the general-capacity improvements for vehicles, it was necessary to include 40 percent of the estimated total cost of the plan for transit. Completion of the plan would help Boeing, Microsoft and many other companies that are the basis of our Puget Sound area economy. Further, the I-405 Master Plan would relieve some traffic from Interstate 5 through Seattle.
Another megaproject that would help Seattle would be an I-5 tunnel under the hills east of downtown Seattle. Today's traffic data show that nearly 50 percent of the I-5 traffic goes through downtown Seattle without exiting. A tunnel for this through traffic would relieve I-5 congestion.
To follow the political ideology of restricting use of the car and curtailing mobility is to restrict and curtail the freedom of people. This is counter to the basic principles of our country.
Instead of car wars we should adopt a policy of dealing with cars and facilitating the use of the car for the American public.
Bruce L. Nurse is vice president of transportation for Kemper Development Company.


text:
DARKWING DUCK Keeps Rolling W/ Crisis of Infinite Darkwings
And lo, there was a Crisis -- a Crisis of Infinite Darkwings!
With BOOM! Studios' popular Darkwing Duck series, the first arc from Ian Brill and James Silvani focused on the hero's return after a decade-long hiatus from pop culture. The sophomore arc isn't letting up, either, with Darkwings from multiple universes suddenly wreaking havoc throughout St. Canard.
What does this mean for our eggplant-suited hero? We caught up with writer Ian Brill to talk more about Darkwing Duck, including his reasons for the new story arc, why Negaduck was the perfect villain for the arc, and what's next for DW and his daughter Gosalyn.
Newsarama: Ian, just to start off with -- now that the first arc is over, how do you feel about the way the Darkwing Duck series was received?
Ian Brill: I feel pretty overwhelmed! This was my first long-form story. I had written short stories in ZOMBIE TALES (which was great, you learn so much when Mark Waid is editing you) but Darkwing Duck #1 was the first full-length, 22 page comic I ever wrote. I put in what I wanted to read in a Darkwing Duck comic book. Luckily, it seemed many others were on the same wavelength! Fans were incredibly supportive of this book, which I can never thank them enough for. Now I feel that I have a reasonability to deliver even bigger and better stories, something I take quite seriously!
After feeling overwhelmed there other major feeling is gratitude. For BOOM!, all the way up to CEO Ross Richie, to believe in me like this is huge. It's amazing. Like I said, first long-form story. My first assignment was writing up the plot to the first four issues, for it to be sent to Disney for approval. I freaked out for a couple of minutes (read: days) and then hit the ground running and tried to do the best I could. That's because I had to do best by those who gave me this incredible opportunity.
A couple of months later I'm signing Darkwing Duck 1-5 at Long Beach Comic-Con, alongside artist James Silvani, cover artist Amy Mebberson and Darkwing Duck creator Tad Stones. If that isn't already unbelievable, Ross hands me and everyone else his own copies of issues 1-5 to sign. That was an amazing moment.
Nrama: As far as this second arc goes, we've got a Crisis on Infinite Darkwings on your hands. How did this idea come to you, and what do you feel all these alternate Darkwings brings to the original real deal?
Brill: The idea was to flip the story of the first story "The Duck Knight Returns" on its head. St. Canard had no Darkwing. Now it has too many! As soon as Darkwing is back in the swing of thing, he faces "brand confusion." I wanted a visual idea, something for James to just go nuts with. We already had Negaduck, a doppelganger of Darkwing from another dimension. I figured that was an idea to exploit. More dimensions, more weird Darkwings. You'll see a double-page spread in issue #6 that has a ton of them. Some of those are ones I put in the script, some of those are James's. It gets crazy. This all jumping off the "everything-and-the-kitchen-sink" brio of the show. Also, and I didn't realize this until later, I think I was subconsciously inspired by Grant Morrison and all those alternate Supermans in Final Crisis. This is a very different story in a very different style of course, but I think the influence is there. If it wasn't for Grant I wouldn't be writing comics. He's permanently influenced how I look at things.
There's one alternate Darkwing in particular that will have a major impact. He's in all four issues. You'll see certainly know whom I am talking about by the time we hit issue #8.
Nrama: Speaking of Darkwing, he's had some real victories -- namely with the reunion of all his supporting characters -- as well as some real losses, not the least of which was that he spent years at a day job. What's going on with him now, and where do you see room for him to grow as a character?
Brill: Like so many of us he needs to learn to balance the "day" and "night" side of his life. But that's not something pat like "I need to spend more time attending Gosalyn's soccer practice." Gosalyn wants to go on Darkwing Duck adventures! She's got a rambunctious spirit and an ego, which she gets from being his adopted daughter. He sees a lot of him in her, which is both great and scary for him. Then there's the rekindling of his friendship with Launchpad and his romance with Morgana. How do you create real solid bonds with people when so much of your time is spent either having supervillains on the run, or being on the run from supervillains? In fact, that's how he met all these people who mean so much to him. But he can't just be the greatest superhero in St. Canard and think that makes him a well-rounded person. This is a major part of the next storyline we have coming up.
Nrama: You've also brought out some big guns as far as the villains go, particularly with Negaduck and Ducktales fiend Magica De Spell teaming up. First off, why those villains? And secondly, could you tell us a little bit about your personal take on them, where their heads are at?
Brill: Negaduck came from the alternate Darkwings idea. He's such a great villain I knew I could really get a lot out of him. Then I thought, since Darkwing has just reunited with Launchpad, maybe a Darkwing villain should team-up with a villain from Duck Tales. Usually when Negaduck teams-up with villains he makes himself the leader with fear and intimidation. I wanted to see him come up with a plan that was incredible ambitious, and required him to cooperate with someone who was on a more equal footing with him. Magica has taken on Uncle Scrooge so many times, she surely was fit to fight alongside Negaduck. She sees this as a chance to make her more powerful and get what she always wants, Scrooge's Number One Dime, through Launchpad. She's an example of how greed is going to make you see one thing clearly but blind to so much else around you.
Nrama: Something that particularly surprised me about the first arc that you worked on was Gosalyn's new superpowered status quo. What made you put her on that particular path?
Brill:Darkwing cares for Gosalyn. Sometimes that means being overprotective. Also, he's got that ego. With "Crisis" you'll see how he reacts to competition. I wanted Gosalyn to be competition for Darkwing. I wanted to see what kind of feelings, mixed feelings, that would create in Darkwing. I also wanted a way to show her daring spirit externally.
Nrama: Let's talk a little bit about James Silvani, who you've been working with on this book. How do you feel that his style has evolved since the first issue?
Brill: He's awesome and he's gotten only awesome-er. To have an artist who is on the exact same page as me and Editor extraordinaire Christopher Burns is like winning the lottery. He has visual jokes that are funnier than anything I could make up. He is as enthusiastic about these characters as we are, probably more so. His energy and talent inspires me.
Colorist Andrew Dalhouse is another hero of this book, Andrew is the Bill Pope of comics. What Pope did for films like The Matrix Andrew does for comics. He breathes so much life into them with his colors. It's always a joy to see his work. Letterer Deron Bennett is just a machine. He handles every weird sound effect I throw at him. Darkwing Duck's a talky character and Deron always makes it work. This is a fantastic team, and it is tremendously rewarding to work with them.
Nrama: Finally, to wrap things up -- can you give any teases of what's coming up ahead for Darkwing Duck, after this sophomore arc concludes? Any moments you're particularly excited to see?
Brill: Four words: He will lose her.Are you following Darkwing's Ongoing Adventures?


text:
Is democracy dawning in Burma?
Issued on: Modified:
Just over a year ago, the leader of Burma's pro-democracy movement Aung San Suu Kyi was released from house arrest. Today, her country seems to be moving full steam ahead towards democracy. French Foreign Minister Alain Juppé recently visited Suu Kyi in Burma. Shortly afterwards, the "Lady of Rangoon" registered as a candidate for a parliamentary by-election in April. So is a Burmese spring on the horizon?


text:
© 2017 - 20th Century Fox
Horror, Sci-Fi/Fantasy, Thriller
Running Time: 122 min.
Release Date: May 19, 2017
DVD: August 15, 2017
Blu-ray: August 15, 2017
Digital: August 1, 2017
Netflix: June 1, 2019
Current rating:
based on 242 votes and 80 reviews
Rate Movie | Read all user reviews
Cast: Michael Fassbender, Katherine Waterston, Billy Crudup, Danny McBride, Demián Bichir, Carmen Ejogo, Jussie Smollett, Callie Hernandez, Amy Seimetz, Nathaniel Dean, Alexander England, Benjamin Rigby, Uli Latukefu
Check out this week's new releases on DVD and Blu-ray, including sci-fi flick...
It looks like Johnny Depp and the Pirates had smooth sailing into Memorial Day,...
If you've seen Alien: Covenant, (and if you haven't, spoilers ahead!) you'll know...
With Ridley Scott's highly anticipated return to the famous Alien franchise, it's no...


text:
What if you could begin again with your system for sending NC files to the machine tools? What if you could be free of the hardware choices you made in years past?
The mold shop belonging to Karl Schmidt Unisia's piston manufacturing plant in Marinette, Wisconsin, got exactly that chance. A fresh start was justified because the system of sending programs to the CNCs across serial connections was failing the shop too often. The primary problem was not the slowness of the RS-232 serial interface at the CNC, but instead the vulnerability of the cable connecting to this interface. Programs were often corrupted. Drip-fed files would be lost in mid-cut. The shop needed a network that could accomplish DNC (distributed numerical control) with more dependability.
Featured Content
But this shop had other requirements, too—requirements that went beyond what is typical for a mold shop. The hardware used in the network had to be so economical, both to install and to maintain, that the network might be expanded to many more machines. And in other ways than this, the new system had to be forward-looking enough to anticipate applications far removed from mold machining.
The Marinette facility is an 850-employee plant producing as many as 15 million pistons per year. Applications for the pistons include cars, trucks, heavy equipment, marine engines and recreational vehicles. The mold shop—which uses EDM and milling in steel to produce permanent molds used in casting—is only a small part of the total facility. While this shop has always relied on DNC, efficient program transfer is less crucial in the various areas of the plant where pistons themselves are machined. In these areas, the NC files are generally short lathe programs, and a given program may run hundreds of thousands of pieces before the program is changed. But even so, a DNC system with the right characteristics could also let the production areas operate more efficiently. The company recognized this, and designed the mold shop's network with an eye toward eventually extending this same system to meet the very different needs of the machine tools that turn pistons.
The fundamental features of a DNC system able to meet these disparate needs include the following: (A) a Windows-based environment—which is what the mold shop's DNC system now employs—combined with (B) wireless communication and (C) Web-based architecture for the user interface.
At Karl Schmidt Unisia, the mold shop often can't justify the latest technology. Employees in this department understand an often-repeated principle—that the business of the company is to make pistons, not molds. The shop has a high speed vertical machining center and has a high speed horizontal machining center on order, but in addition to these machines, the shop's mix of machine tools also includes a pair of 12-year-old CNC knee mills that are still used routinely and effectively. The new shopfloor network delivers programs to the complete range of these machines.
Data Defense
Many mold makers are familiar with the "data starvation" that can result from using an RS-232 interface to drip feed an NC program. ("Drip feed" refers to downloading a program to the CNC's memory buffer while the CNC is running that program.) Mill at too high a feed rate during drip feeding in some detailed region of the part where the tool path is divided into short line segments, and the machine may hesitate—executing program blocks more quickly than they can be delivered to the control. This is a common problem with drip feeding, but it was not the primary problem with drip feeding in the piston maker's shop.
So says Ken Salzman, the corporate information systems manager. He says the mold shop can reduce data starvation's impact by assigning the most fine-detailed molds and electrodes to the high speed machining center. This machine has enough CNC memory to store even a large program in its entirety, making drip feed unnecessary. (The download is completed before the program runs.) For complex work run by drip feeding to older machines, he says, it has been the cable—not the serial port—that limited how quickly the data could be sent.
This is significant. The newly installed network keeps the serial ports but does away with the cable. Or more accurately, it does away with long cables, replacing them with much shorter connections.
Don Stephenson of Fujitsu Consulting installed the new network. He says the bottleneck imposed by the cable is a little-appreciated aspect of drip feeding across a serial connection. The cable is a capacitor, and its capacitance increases with increasing length. All but the oldest CNCs offer serial ports able to receive data fast enough to mill at a reasonable feed rate, he says, but the data may have to be fed at a rate slower than what the connection will allow to prevent the cable's influence from corrupting the signal.
And even when data are fed slowly, the signal might still be corrupted. The mold shop's most significant problem with serial drip feed was its vulnerability.
A serial cable is relatively unshielded against electromagnetic noise. The field from a computer or an electric motor might cause just one bit of data crossing the cable to be lost. When this happened in the mold shop, the program usually became illegible at the point in the program where the corruption occurred. As damaging as this was, it was better than the much more rare alternative—the program remaining legible, but now with one of its numbers changed.
Whenever a machine tool froze because a program it was executing had become unreadable, the mold shop had two choices. It could either start the program again from the beginning, cutting air through the tool paths it had already run, or else it could delete all of the program prior to the last successful tool change and start again using only this much. One choice was time-consuming, and the other choice posed a risk of error.
The CNC on the mold shop's high speed machining center avoids this problem altogether. Like most modern CNCs, it replaces the serial connection with a network connection for transferring files via Ethernet. Ethernet permits much faster data transfer, but what is just as important, it also provides for secure data transfer. The file received is compared to the file at the source to ensure that every one of the bits survived the trip.
As the architecture of the primary corporate network, Ethernet was already used to transfer NC files at the Marinette facility, but it didn't reach all of the way to the machines. In the mold shop, a terminal server received the Ethernet input, and connected via long serial cables to the various CNCs.
Mr. Salzman knew that letting Ethernet reach farther was the key to improving the performance of the rest of the mold shop's machines. However, retrofitting all of the mold shop's machining centers with new CNCs capable of Ethernet would have entailed an enormous expense. It also would have been overkill. Because the problems stemmed from the serial cables' length, all the shop truly needed was for Ethernet to cover as much of the distance as possible, letting a tiny serial cable complete the connection.
In addition, using PCs at each machine would have been overkill, too. There was no need to provide an interface at each machine, just secure data transfer.
What the new network uses instead are serial port servers—one of which now resides inside each CNC cabinet in the shop. These black boxes (literally—they are box-shaped and colored black) act like single-channel versions of the previous DNC server. Each one receives Ethernet input and feeds the data to the CNC across a brief serial connection, now enclosed entirely within the cabinet.
The first serial port servers to be installed were custom made, but since that time, generic hardware accomplishing exactly the same thing has become available. The servers can now be ordered off the shelf. And as costs continue to come down, the Marinette facility has a vision for how much farther the DNC network will reach.
One other change to the system for sending NC files to CNCs was the move from the old terminal server's character-based environment to a Windows-based environment. This resulted in a system that was easier to use and easier to support. However, the change was also made so the system could eventually support wireless communication and a Web-based interface, two features whose significance lies outside of mold machining.
Ethernet And Internet
What a production area needs in a DNC network is very different from what a mold shop needs. Compared to the mold shop's long milling programs, the NC file for a typical production job is short enough to fit in the memory of even an old CNC, meaning no drip feed is required. In addition, these short programs are downloaded infrequently, because a machine may run the same part in the same way for months on end. That is certainly not the case in the mold shop, where every new workpiece comes with a new NC file.
There is also a difference of scope. At the Marinette facility, the mold shop has eight CNC machining centers. The various areas of the plant that machine pistons include more than 200 CNC machines.
These factors affect the economic viability of a DNC network. Specifically, they affect the cost-justification of dedicating hardware to NC file transfer. Even in its current form, the mold shop's DNC network still uses a fair amount of hardware, requiring the serial port servers to connect by network cable to a shopfloor PC providing the user interface. Applying precisely this same solution across the plant's production areas would require large expenditures for stringing cable and for stationing hardened PCs throughout the plant. The low-tech alternative—delivering programs physically on a diskette or a portable PC—represents a much more cost-efficient system.
However, the network can now be implemented in a way that overcomes much of the hardware expense. Wireless communication eliminates the need for cable, and it also eliminates the need for PCs to be hard-wired into fixed locations. Meanwhile, creating a Web-based interface means no PCs have to be dedicated, because any PC with a Web browser can be used to perform program management. In fact, shop foremen could carry Internet-enabled PDAs (personal data assistants) specifically to make NC file transfers.
At this writing, Mr. Stephenson is working on the Web-based version of the interface currently used in the mold shop. The challenge with a Web-based DNC system is that the Web is a "stateless" environment. It delivers discrete packets of information—the elements of a Web page, for example—without any concern for the data transfer rate. The Web cannot deliver a steady signal in need of continuity such as a drip-fed NC file.
To address this limitation, Mr. Stephenson is using an "n-tier" architecture for the DNC system. Within this system, the user interface and the delivery of the program occupy different "tiers" that interact with one another. Only the user interface is Web-based. Delivery of the program relies on a different architecture that runs continuously (the accepted term is "state-full"), and therefore is capable of a steady transmission.
DNC By Degrees
Other parts of the plant suggest where the next steps will be in the direction of expanded DNC service. In addition to the mold shop and the various large-volume production areas, the plant also has a prototype department where new piston models are machined in small batches so that the design and the production process can be proven out. Yet another area is an aftermarket department where pistons no longer produced in large runs are machined in small batches for sale as service parts.
In both of these areas, NC programs are small—like production programs—but program changeover is more frequent, similar to that of the mold shop. The need for DNC here is less urgent than that of the mold shop but more pressing than the need for DNC in full production. Accordingly, these areas rely on a partial Ethernet solution similar to what the mold shop used to use. In place of a terminal server, each of these areas now uses a multiple-output serial port server to bring Ethernet part of the way to the machines. Long serial cables span out from the location of the multi-port server to close the connections.
With these servers, DNC in these areas has been upgraded to a Windows environment. And in the future, when the cost comes down for individual serial port servers comparable to the ones used in the mold shop, the individual servers can be applied to CNCs in these areas, as well—to let Ethernet reach the rest of the distance.
In other words, the plant's capabilities in the future won't be mired by the limits of the technology that happens to be affordable today. The company's DNC system is poised to advance, expanding across the facility just as quickly as the hardware becomes more accessible.
Key CNC Concept 10—Verifying CNC Programs Safely
For the most part, CNC controls will follow the instructions given in a program to the letter. With the exception of basic syntax (program formatting) mistakes, the CNC control will rarely be able to tell if a mistake has been made.
5 Things New CNC Operators Must Know
These subjects are the building blocks of training newcomers on a specific CNC machine tool.
Key CNC Concept #4—The Forms Of Compensation
Though applied for different reasons on different machine types, all forms of compensation allow the CNC user to allow for unpredictable conditions related to tooling.


text:
Sometimes you feel like really taking your time with a video game, digging around, finding treasure, leveling up to maximum capacity. Other times you just want to run like hell. These are those times, and if you've ever played any of these games, and you suffer from untreated anxiety, you might not want to watch these videos. Speed runs can get a bit intense.
Here are 10 speed runs going through individual levels in a game, because, although it's impressive that somebody beat Chrono Trigger in under seven hours, that doesn't mean we want to sit and watch it all. However, we will include the speed run of the ENTIRE 'Tiny Toons' NES game, because when we were 11 we thought we were so awesome for being able to beat it in under 40 minutes. This video puts that record to shame.
Авторский пост


text:
NEW YORK — Phil Jackson got what he wanted. Complete control of the New York Knicks.
Those were his terms, and he made that clear to team owner James Dolan, if he were to uproot his pleasant Southern California beach retirement life and take the position of Knicks president.
"We had this discussion in January about this particular aspect because Jim knew I wasn't going to come if this didn't happen," Jackson said.
It did happen. And now this is Phil's show with major coaching and player-personnel decisions coming the next few months.
WELCOME BACK: Jackson introduced in NYC
FUTURE: The next Pat Riley or Isiah Thomas?
In two admissions that give Knicks fans real hope that true change is afoot — and ones that may be used against him later — Dolan conceded he is "by no means a basketball expert" and he is ceding some power to Jackson "willingly and gratefully."
"Phil will be in charge of ALL basketball decisions," Dolan said.
Jackson, who has been out of the game since he left the Los Angeles Lakers after the 2010-11 season, is rejuvenated.
"There's an energy here that I always remember," he said.
He'll need that energy. He has to reinvigorate a franchise that fell from second in the Eastern Conference last season to just outside the playoff race this year, but more importantly hasn't reached the conference finals since 2000.
PREDICTIONS: Jackson biographer talks return
RUMORS: Could Phil woo LeBron to New York?
Jackson seemed at ease in a news conference packed with approximately 500 people, including Jackson's former Knicks teammates Clyde Frazier and Dick Barnett. He called his return to New York an "auspicious beginning."
Unequivocally, Jackson insisted the team will be coached and played by guys who buy into his vision of system basketball founded on fundamentals and caring for one another. It's the philosophy that led to Jackson's 11 championships as coach of the Chicago Bulls and Los Angeles Lakers.
Jackson repeatedly came back to that theme.
"There are things that are important to me," he said, almost dismissive of the style of today's game and the skills of the players and adding he will "ferret out players who want to play the type of ball we want to exhibit here at Madison Square Garden."
There is the sense Jackson is putting the band back together, only with different members.
His first order of business will be to evaluate this season's team and determine, "Who wants to play together? Who looks like they can play together? And how can we build on that?" Jackson said.
To get going on that mission — rebuilding the team — Jackson wants forward Carmelo Anthony, who can become a free agent in the summer, to stay. Anthony's game has been the subject of legitimate and misinformed criticisms, but Jackson made it clear he isn't concerned.
As a coach, one of his strengths is getting the most out of players. As a president, he wants to make sure he has the right players in place for the team to win.
CASHING IN: Phil Jackson shirts already on sale
POWER RANKINGS: Knicks' goal for final month
"I think Carmelo is a great player," Jackson said. "He still has another level he can go to. Together with the team we create, he can get there."
Coach Mike Woodson's future with the team is murkier. It's only fair that an executive gets to succeed or fail with his people. In a recent interview with USA TODAY Sports, Jackson said he told Detroit Pistons owner Tom Gores "that the general manager has to be able to pick his coach so they can win it together."
Jackson acknowledged it won't be an easy fix, especially with the Knicks short on draft picks and high on payroll in 2014-15. But the free-agent class and salary-cap space for 2015-16 is encouraging.
Jackson complained about the overwrought use of the word "culture" in pro sports, but then went on to say that's what he has to do in New York. That new culture will include more frequent news conferences with reporters than previous Knicks executives.
Often introspective, Jackson said while recovering from prostate cancer and doing physical therapy for joint and bone issues, people came to see him and ask for basketball advice, planting the seed he could be in a front office.
The possibility of joining a team in Seattle interested him, and in a casual meeting with Chicago Bulls and White Sox owner Jerry Reinsdorf at spring training in 2013, Jackson said Reinsdorf encouraged him to pursue an executive's role.
"I got intrigued by the idea of being in an executive management position," he said.
Dolan met with Jackson in December, talks advanced in January, and by early March, Jackson wanted in.
Where will he live? In New York most of the time. "I have to jump in with both feet," he said.
While Jackson will scout college games, his staff will handle a majority of that, especially when it comes to watching players overseas. He will be involved in scouting potential draft picks, but guaranteed he will scour the NBA for underappreciated and undervalued players who can contribute immediately.
Jackson, like Dolan, wants a contender as soon as possible.
"There's no better place to win than New York City," he said. "It really is something special."
And to win a title as an executive with the Knicks?
"It would be a capstone," he said, "on a remarkable career that I have had."
Follow national NBA reporter Jeff Zillgitt on Twitter at @JeffZillgitt.


text:
Recording Drains
I am not the best when it comes to wiring up a studio. Twice I've been involved with major studio re-wiring projects and both times I proceeded at about half the speed of everyone else. Luckily this slow pace produces fewer errors, as I tend to check everything over and over before I actually start soldering or bust out the EDAC tools. I think one of the reasons I am so hesitant with this type of work is that I've lived for years with the results of my grandfather's gung-ho approach to DIY. I remember when I was a kid, my grandfather would jump at any fix-it job that presented itself. With all respect, he was not a very good handyman. Every light switch in his house was wired up upside down and every faucet had hot on the right and cold on the left.
When I was a child I would spend long stretches of the summer at the family cabin which my grandfather and his father built from scratch. When he installed the indoor plumbing, the job did not exactly adhere to building codes - and so the cabin to this day has a few unique features. The one that has always stuck in my mind is the sound the kitchen sink makes when you pull out the drain plug under a full sink of water. As the water drains down, everything is normal... until the last moment when a huge suction noise starts building to a loud climax.
The cabin has no bathtub, only a shower, so babies and toddlers have always been bathed in the kitchen sink. A classic prank to play on an unsuspecting young one is to leave them in the sink as the water drains... and then watch the child freak out when the water runs out and that tremendous sucking sound blasts from underneath them.
The cabin is now over 50 years old and lots of renovations and repairs are taking place every summer. It occurred to me recently that the sink drain had to be recorded before someone went and had the plumbing fixed and that sound was lost to the world forever.
I grabbed my contact mic (my Aquarian Audio Hydrophone with the contact mic adaptor) and gaffer-taped it to the underside of the sink, pointed a shotgun mic (in this case a Rode NTG3) at the drain from above and pulled the plug. Here are the results (turn it up loud!!)
Imagine being 2 years old, sitting naked in the sink, and that sound comes roaring out underneath your bum. It was terrifying, I can tell you from experience.
The shotgun mic captured the sound really well, while the contact mic on its own is not a very interesting sound: too much low end and not enough definition. But when you combine the two it gives a great, full effect of the suction's power, with detailed high frequencies and tail-offs. Here are a few different takes of the drain with the mics isolated and then combined. (shotgun/contact/combined)
Cabin Kitchen Sink by azimuthaudio
When I got home from the cabin I decided to try the same recording set-up on my own (newly installed) kitchen sink. On my first try I got nothing; the water just washed down the drain making very little noise, but with a few experiments I figured out that by plugging one side of the double sink and pulling the plug on the other side I could get a good sound. There is no dramatic suction noise at the end, but the actual draining of the water is much louder and better defined.
House Kitchen Sink by azimuthaudio
My last sound in this post is a recording I made by putting one of my DPA 4060 miniature microphones down past the drain of a dry sink while the water was running a little further down the water pipes. This captures a great hollow metallic reverb. Last year I worked on an episode of an animated series that took place in a sewer pipe beneath the city, and this recording would have been extremely helpful on that project. I know it'll get used in the future.


text:
DESIGNER ACCESSORy collections
+ read more about veils and headpices
The tradition of wearing a veil on your wedding day is one that is said to have been around for centuries and centuries. Even though we no longer wear a wedding veil for the same purposes, it is a tradition that has managed to carry on and is still a prominent feature of wedding day attire. It has become more of a finishing touch, that pulls the hair and the dress together. Plenty of brides choose to wear a bridal headpiece such as a halo or headband lined with crystals and some wear both! Bridal veils and headpieces can be a traditional ivory, bohemian, vintage-inspired, or edgy, but most importantly they are an extension of your style and your wedding dress. Available in many incarnations, find long, short, lace, crystals, flowers and bows just to name a few, modern bridal headpieces can add a traditional element to a non-traditional gown. We love pairing vintage wedding veils, such as the cathedral veil, with a fit and flare dress. If you are planning a beach wedding or wearing a wedding dress with sleeves, keep your hair accessories light with a simple crown or wreath to achieve the bohemian look.


text:
Bamboo Corner Laundry Baskets
- $27.97
Adorn Home Essentials Adorn Home...
•Exceptional Design: Our sleek design is devoted to fit any corner in your home. Adorn All-Natural Bamboo Hamper, is Light Weight, Yet Durable for everyday use. Dependable lids are attached and open with flip hinged covers but that's not all! We have them available in two different colors! (espresso Black & Chestnut Brown)
•Interior Space: Not Only can this product be used as a single laundry hamper, but our hampers include 2 liners, a large single liner and a 2nd 2 compartment liner. To help with a stress-free laundry day! This will ensure a quick easy solution for separating your dark and light clothes that may consume more of your time than needed. Leave it to our product to give you satisfaction for an organized clean laundry day!
•Removable Liner: Our single and two-compartment liners are designed with handles to provide easy access to remove and wash dirty clothes throughout the week. To ensure a safe and easy trip to the laundry room or laundromat we have made accessible grip handles to guarantee an effortless pain free Laundry day
- $34.99
Bamboo Hamper Triangle Laundry Basket...
Bamboo Laundry Basket Is A Nice Solution For Small Bedrooms And Baths
Three Handles For Easy Holding
Cotton Canvas Liner
- $30.29
BIRDROCK HOME Bamboo Collapsible Bamboo...
Lid and Cloth Liner: Lid conceals smelly clothes while also keeping your dirty laundry out of sight. Liner can be removed for an occasional wash.
Corner Design: specifically designed to fit in a typical 90-degree room corner, maximizing space while staying out of the way
Durable and Lightweight: designed from bamboo to be lightweight yet durable for frequent use in your bedroom, laundry room or bathroom. The single laundry hamper can hold up to 1 loads of dirty clothes.
- $34.87
Black Hamper Laundry Basket Corner...
Material: Bamboo, DMF Baseboard, White Cotton Canvas Liner
Basket Dimension: 13.7''x13.7″x23.6''( L x W x H)
Sturdy and Firm, Functional and Stylish
- $14.20
Honey-Can-Do HMP-01618 Wicker Corner Hamper,...
Durable steel frame
removable canvas liner
contemporary design
- -42%
ORE International BW1204AA Checker Print...
This beautiful bow front bamboo laundry hamper is designed to fit neatly in the corner of your room
The wedge-shaped laundry hamper tucks neatly into a corner, maximizing the use of your available space
Two tone bamboo creates the attractive checker look
- $31.28
Set of 3 Laundry Hampers...
Organize and store often-used toiletries in style with this classic, functional set of storage hampers. Use this hamper and storage set to hold your laundry and more. This beautiful retail dump bin bamboo laundry hamper set is designed to fit neatly anywhere in your home. Made to get your laundry to the machine easily and conveniently, this hamper would be the perfect addition.
Its handy lid keeps your dirty laundry out of view. Hamper's liner makes it easy to empty on wash day. A light weight yet sturdy bamboo construction allows for easy transportation. The natural beauty of bamboo is sure to enhance any d??cor.
Comes with 1 large corner hamper with lid, 1 medium square hamper, 1 small square hamper. Large Hamper: 13.8″L x 13.8″W x 19.7″H. Medium Hamper: 13″L x 9″W x 5.5″H. Small Hamper: 15″L x 11″W x 6.3″H. Set of 3pcs Corner Folding Bamboo Laundry Basket & Trays. Brand: Fixture Displays.
- -12%
Tatkraft Athena Bamboo Corner Laundry...
100% ECO FRIENDLY NATURAL BAMBOO: No artificial plastics or rubber; utilizes only pure bamboo and cotton bag to bring the best hamper basket
WASHABLE COTTON BAG – EXTRA TIDY: Comes with a removable cotton bag for easier cleaning of the basket itself
EASY TO ASSEMBLE – ROBUST: Comes in smaller disband pieces, which one can effortlessly combine (as shown in one of the images). Just follow the instructions carefully, and that's it. Now, you can store clothes, toys, apparels, decorates, jewels, or whatever fits in
- $111.66
Tatkraft Corner Laundry Basket with...
Laundry basket designed to separate clothes. 2 chambers – for dark and light laundry
48 L Storage capacity, H 50 x W 35 x D 35 cm, removable and washable linings
100% natural Bamboo, temperature and humidity resistant
- $43.37
Triangle Bamboo Hamper Laundry Storage...
Sturdy and firm
With a withdrawable inside liner for convenient cleaning
Functional and stylish


text:
At least 400 people were killed and 10,000 injured early Wednesday after an earthquake of at least 6.9 magnitude hit a mountainous agrarian part of Qinghai Province in northwestern China.
Striking around dawn while many locals were at home, the quake collapsed buildings in Jiegu Township, near the epicenter, trapping hundreds under rubble, Huang Limin, deputy secretary-general of the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, told the state-run Xinhua News Agency.
More than 85 percent of the houses in Jiegu, a town of 100,000 people, were destroyed, Zhuo Huaxia, a prefectural official told Xinhua: "The streets in Jiegu are thronged with panicked, injured people, with many bleeding in the head. Many students are buried under the debris due to building collapse at a vocational school."
With memories of the 2008 earthquake in neighboring Sichuan Province still strong, the government's response to this disaster will be closely watched, particularly since the quake zone is in a poor area largely inhabited by ethnic Tibetans.
A day's drive from main airport
By early evening, some rescue teams able to land at the damaged airport in Yushu, in southwestern Qinghai, were trying to deliver the first emergency medical supplies, food, and tents, China Central Television said.
Other teams will have to make their way 18 hours through the mountains by automobile from the capital Xining, in the northeastern part of the province, CCTV said.
"The biggest problem now is that we lack tents, we lack medical equipment, medicine, and medical workers," Zhuo told Xinhua.
The epicenter at Rima Township, 30 miles from Jiegu, is a sparsely populated pastureland, where fewer casualties are likely to be recorded, Zhuo told Xinhua.
"Our first task is to save students. Schools are always places that have many people," said Kang Zifu, a People's Liberation Army officer in the rescue operation in Yushu, told Xinhua.
Scars from Sichuan quake
In May 2008, 5,335 Chinese students were crushed when their schools collapsed in the 8.0 magnitude Sichuan earthquake, official data showed, sparking widespread public criticism of shoddily built government schools and an outcry over Beijing's reaction to the quake, which many perceived to be insufficient.
Comments on Wednesday to popular social networking site Tianya reflected some Internet users' concern that the Yushu earthquake be handled differently.
"What have the officials in the earthquake administration have been doing?" asked "jiliganglove." Another Tianya user, nicknamed "shashishajingjie," wrote: "I am not going to donate any money any more … ultimately, the money goes to corrupt officials' pockets."
Repeated telephone calls to Yushu government offices rang unanswered on Wednesday afternoon, and mobile phone numbers obtained for a local rescue crew were busy for hours.
A spokesman with the Qinghai Provincial Emergency Office told Xinhua that 700 soldiers were struggling to clear rubble and save buried people. More than 5,000 additional rescuers, including soldiers and medical workers, were dispatched to Yushu, the Qinghai provincial government said in a news conference, Xinhua said.
CCTV said rescue teams were leaving for Qinghai from Beijing, from Qinghai's neighbors, the Tibet Autonomous Region and Sichuan Province, and from other airports around the country.
One of China's poorest provinces
Qinghai is one of China's poorest provinces, contributing less than 0.3 percent of gross domestic product through output worth 96.2 billion yuan ($13.8 billion) in 2008.
Major industries are shepherding, copper, and coal mining, and the production of iron, steel, oil and natural gas.
Zhaxi, a Tibetan student from Yushu studying in at Beijing Nationalities University, told the Monitor that all attempts at communication with his parents, five brothers, and a sister, back home had proved futile on Wednesday.
"I tried everything, but I still couldn't contact them. The situation is very serious over there right now. I don't know what to do. It doesn't make sense for me to go back right now. I have been looking for every single piece of information on Yushu. The only thing I can do right now is to wait," he said over the phone in Beijing.
The Yushu quake was measured at 6.9 on the Richter scale by the US Geological Survey and at 7.1 by the China Earthquake Administration in Beijing.
Zhang Yajun contributed to this report.


text:
I'd like to use some old VSL gig instruments that are made for keyswitched legato, and meant to be used with the performance tool.
Unfortunately, this tool only runs through wine, and then doesn't support jack midi, and can't be inserted as a plugin in ardour for example.
Ideally, I'd like a programmable midi filter lv2 plugin that I could set up to mimic VSL's performance tool.
Is there such a thing?
I tried learning about lv2 to create a specific plugin for this purpose, or modifying some existing plugin, but it's proven too complicated for me...
Any other options available that could be used (or modified) for this sort of thing?


text:
Baltazar Photography is one of the top DC & Baltimore wedding photographers ranked by The Knot and WeddingWire. Our studio currently consists of four DC & Baltimore wedding photographers. Our style is documentary meets modern - resulting in a very elegant coverage. Check availability >
© 2015 BALTAZAR PHOTOGRAPHY - DC | Baltimore | NJ | NY Wedding Photographer & Destination Wedding Photographer


text:
Posted by Olivia on Monday, September 24th, 2012
Sometimes you just need a wholesome, nourishing meal that speaks to the season. This recipe will do just that. All-vegetarian and incredibly easy to prepare, this warm squash salad is completely no-frills and still so satisfying.
Cooked butternut squash and red lentils are tossed in a two-ingredient dressing: a mixture of our Clementine Olive Oil and Black Cherry Balsamic Vinegar. A bit of fresh parsley rounds out the colors, and a small scattering of red onions gives just a bit of bite.
This dish is wonderful served warm, but the flavors will develop even more if you let it sit in the fridge for a few hours. It's good cold or at room temperature, so enjoy it when you like. And to make it a full meal, try adding cooked chicken, or perhaps a nice handful of nuts to keep it all-vegetarian.


text:
New accounts only. Wagering and terms apply. Minimum deposit of £10 required.
Welcome to Roxy Palace Casino, one of the leading, most popular and credible online casinos in the UK. Here you have access to the widest range of world-class casino games from the comfort of your own home or while on the move on your mobile device. With our variety of exceptional games, huge payouts, stunning graphics and sound and overall entertainment, you are spoilt for choice with our gaming options.
Roxy Palace has been in the online gaming industry for over 13 years and boasts over one million happy, loyal players who enjoy over 500 incredible casino games. We add brand new and exciting games every month, so players are guaranteed to find a game to suit their needs, skill levels and budgets. Our players keep coming back time and time again, but this comes as no surprise since Roxy Palace is powered by top casino software developer Microgaming and is the two-time winner of Online Gambling Magazine's Best Slots Site award.
Roxy Palace offers games of the highest calibre, complete with superior audio and life-like images, so you are guaranteed endless hours of entertainment. Roxy Palace also ensures that it is ahead of its game in terms of technology so you can enjoy our online experience at any place and any time.
At Roxy Palace you will find a wide range of gaming options including
Online Slots,
Video Poker,
Table Games,
Online Roulette
and Progressives. The progressive jackpot increases by the minute, making your winning opportunities exceptionally lucrative.
Roxy Palace also features one of the largest welcome bonuses in the online gaming world, so it pays to play with us. Getting started is exceptionally easy and painless. In just a few minutes, you can join our community of players and start competing for real cash. It literally only takes a few steps – click on the 'join now' button at the top of this page and follow the very simple and quick instructions. Now click on download and feel free to explore and start playing the games you wish. Some of our more popular games include
Jurassic Park, Thunderstruck and Mermaids Millions.
Roxy Palace boasts a few different download options to suit user preferences:
• Download the full library of games onto your PC
• Download the instant play flash casino feature
• Download the mobile casino option for Smartphone and tablets
Prepare for the most incredible online gaming experience at Roxy Palace Online Casino, where hours of entertainment and huge payouts are waiting to be enjoyed. Take advantage of our generous welcome bonus and start playing today. Roxy Palace provides flexible, convenient access to a wealth of games from the comfort of your local PC, tablet or Smartphone. What are you waiting for? Join the fun!


text:
Our service department offers the best in automotive service to our customers. Our facility features current diagnostic and repair equipment and our highly skilled technicians will deliver the most efficient and quality vehicle care. When you need service, feel free to request an appointment online.
James, that Escalade is gorgeous! Thank you for your business, we truly appreciate it!
Look at that gorgeous pic! Darrin stands in front of Titan with James and Arthur, smiling from ear to ear over his new Buick Enclave purchase! Thank you so much Darrin!
Kenyong is a local customer who's purchased with us before. Thanks for coming back! We truly appreciate your repeat business!
Pedro's adorable family will be riding back home in luxury and style in their new GMC Yukon!
Mehulkumar and his daughter traveled out from Woodridge to purchase their new Nissan Sentra! Thank you for your business!
Daniel poses with his salesperson Arthur after the purchase of his new, luxurious Cadillac Escalade! Enjoy, Daniel!
Nikki, your daughter's smile just lights up the picture! Thank you so much for your business, and being such a delight to work with! Enjoy the new Volkswagen!
Thank you for your patronage, John! Enjoy the new Infiniti!
Jose and his daughter Jessica came in looking for a car for her, and she's driving away in this gorgeous Nissan Altima! Enjoy, Jessica!
Monte came in from Crown Point, IN to find the perfect Yukon for him!


text:
Saying Goodbye to 2012
It won't be long now before 2012 comes to a close. It's been a great year at Sort Your Story. We have reached out to more family historians who are now using our software to save their histories. We collaborated with Jennifer Holik at Generations and created Companion Guides for the Mac and Windows versions of our software. Then we joined forces when we sent a newsletter this fall. We are reaching out to schools and children with more intensity that last year.
2013 will bring many changes and we'll be sharing more information on research tips and resources. We'd love to hear from you! Do you have a story to share regarding your family history or using Sort Your Story? Please share with us.
We wish you a fabulous 2013! Happy New Year!!!
© 2012 Lorel Kapke, 19201 Sonoma Hwy. #341, Sonoma, CA 95476-5413


text:
Microsoft Brings Office to iPhone, and More
What's News: Microsoft launches Office Mobile app for iPhones only. Smithfield Foods earnings slump 63% on higher costs. Colorado wildfire still rages but officials see 'turning point.' Joanne Po reports.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... Micra soft thus ... the city ... I ... there's a lot ... this is what's news I'm WS J lifetime Thailand Co ... software giant Microsoft is making its universal office workplace software available for rival Apple's I phone ... called Office mobile ... however the I phone app is only available to people with a new consumer version of Office called Office three sixty five ... that pokes rent for a monthly fee and those fees for Office three sixty five started nine eighty nine a month or ninety nine dollars and ninety nine cents a year ... here's another pot ... there's no full version of Office software for the I pad that ... your for tablets and smartphones powered by Google's Android ... now that is widely expected sometime down the road ... Smithfield Foods latest quarterly profits slums sixty three percent ... sharply missing Wall Street expectations for producer reporting pressured margins ... and a higher costs and weaker exports the earnings announcement comes just weeks after Smithfield agreed to be acquired by a Chinese meat company for four point seven billion dollars ... that deal is expected to close in the latter half of the year Penney U S national security review ... and a major wildfire in Colorado is still raging on contained but officials see a turning point ... the wildfire has already claimed the lives of two people and forced thousands to back the weight their homes ... officials say only dark clouds darken the sky and a lack of wind is great news for firefighters today the Black Forest fire already ranks as one of the most damaging in Colorado's history ... bookie keep us anomaly this is about instructed and what's his aunt the beest live ...


text:
Stock prices are due for a fall in the first half of 2014, and how incoming Fed chief Janet Yellen decides a very difficult question will heavily influence the fate of the balance of the year, and beyond.
Why this is so emerges from a layered and subtly argued economic outlook by American Enterprise Institute economist John Makin, whose key insight is based on a term few in finance are likely to be familiar with: "endogeneity."
The concept, which describes an ecosystem with internal causes of change, can most readily be understood in the well-known problem of antibiotics losing their potency as bacteria develop genetic resistance to antibiotic treatment after repeated use.
"Medical science ends up in a race to develop new antibiotics at an accelerated pace, running faster and faster just to stay in place," says Makin, and the same phenomenon occurs in the economic sphere.
That is because like bacteria, economic actors such as firms and households, respond to predictable rules such as those followed by the Fed to determine interest rates. Or as Makin puts it, "The Fed's antibiotic — changes in the federal funds rate — is rendered powerless by the anticipatory adaptation to such changes by the households and firms it is trying to impact."
In normal times, that might not be so problematic, but when quantitative easing became the new "rule" it quickly became "endogenized" such that increasingly larger rounds of monetary stimulus were having diminishing effects over time.
The federal funds rate, which was as high as 5.25% as recently as September 2007, was cut to 2% by September 2008, then just three months later (following the Lehman crisis), to virtually zero, where it has remained.
Firms and households have so adapted to that policy regime that it has been called "the Bernanke put" — a contracted options price putting a floor beyond which the stock market cannot fall.
While the economy continued to lag, more and more rounds of easing were needed to push investors into risk assets, but they had little effect unless the promises were big, such as the Fed's QE3 bond-buying program.
More recently, the Fed has continued to elongate its timeline for ending monetary stimulus — from an unemployment rate at 7%, to 6.5% and more recently to 6% or lower — to sustain asset prices. But because Fed policy is fully anticipated, the economy has remained largely unresponsive.
Makin argues that the massive response from Washington and the Fed to the Lehman crash and ensuing financial crisis was effective because its vast scope — including the Troubled Asset Relief Program, zero rates and ultimately QE — exceeded expectations and thus became exogenous rather than endogenous; in other words, it was a surprise.
However, the endogenization of sustained Fed support for asset prices has the paradoxical effect of implying a withdrawal of Fed support as the economy improves, as is now seemingly occurring.
"Paradoxically, better economic news may well produce lower stock prices in 2014, just as worse economic news boosted stock prices in 2013," Makin writes.
And that paradox produces a policy dilemma for the incoming Janet Yellen-Stanley Fischer regime. Either the Fed moderates QE (as it did Wednesday) and stock prices fall (as they did Wednesday), with potentially severe consequences for an economy that is still disinflationary, and thus at risk of deflation; or the Fed develops a new round of QE at the risk of pushing assets into bubble territory, signaling "the birth of the Yellen-Fischer put," with all the risk that that entails.
Makin soberly concludes:
"It is too soon to tell which scenario will play out, but under either, stock prices will probably fall during the first half of this year. What happens after that is up to the Yellen-Fischer Fed."


text:
Penguins, 2020 calendar
Calendar January 2020 (12 Months)
Price: $14.95
Prints in 3-5 business days
A dozen pictures of penguins taken in Antarctica and the Falkland Islands. Penguin species pictured include: Gentoo Adele Chinstrap Rockhopper Macaroni Magellanic King. Locations where the photographs were taken in the Falkland Islands include: New Island Carcass Island Volunteer Point. Antarctic locations include: Paulet Island and Elephant Island.
Ratings & ReviewsLog in to review this item
There are no reviews for the current version of this product
There are no reviews for previous versions of this product
Product Details
- First Month
- January 2020
- Calendar Length
- 12 Months
- Format
- Standard Calendar
- Language
- English
- Product ID
- 24236178
Your notification has been sent
Lulu Staff has been notified of a possible violation of the terms of our Membership Agreement. Our agents will determine if the content reported is inappropriate or not based on the guidelines provided and will then take action where needed.
Thank you for notifying us. We will email you with the results and/or actions taken as a result of the investigation if you chose to receive confirmation.
We were unable to complete your request.
We were unable to complete your request.
Listed In
More From
see more >
Boeing B-29... Calendar:
Day Fire Tankers at... Calendar:
North American B-25J... Calendar:
McDonnell-Douglas F/A-18... Calendar:
Stealth... Calendar:
Age Verification
The page you are attempting to access contains content that is not intended for underage readers.
Please verify your birth date to continue.