text:
Susan Shapiro Barash is a professor of gender studies at Marymount Manhattan College and became fascinated by women's relationship with each other. Can sisters, mothers and best friends be jealous and supportive at the same time? In fact she found that rivalry and envy often pervades female relationships. The women's liberation movement created more options for women, but it also seems to have created more competition, Barash said.
Facing the Dark Mirror All my life, I've relied upon the kindness of women.
I had a terrific relationship with my mother, who supported my earliest efforts to explore the world and discover a sense of myself. I had wonderful girlfriends, pals who were good for everything from a carefree shopping trip downtown to long, serious discussions about the meaning of life. When I got to college, I was fortunate to find female professors and mentors who nurtured and challenged me while offering a wide variety of role models for how to make my own way in the academic world. When I began teaching gender studies at Marymount Manhattan College, I found smart, interesting, and supportive colleagues with whom I could discuss the latest developments in our respective fields while sharing my feelings about the complicated business of balancing marriage, motherhood, and a career. And as I watched my own daughters become lovely young women with a world of promise before them, I cherished the thought that they were so much more self-confident than I had ever been, and would have so many more opportunities than I'd ever had.
I knew that partial credit for my good fortune went to the women's movement, which had proclaimed in the early 1970s the value of sisterhood. Women, oppressed by men for generations, had finally realized that we needed to look out for each other. Luckily, solidarity came without effort to our kind and generous natures, once we had seen through the dangerous illusions of patriarchy.
OK, what's wrong with this picture?
In fact, it's all true. I have been blessed with wonderful friends, colleagues, and family. And the women's movement has contributed enormously to our understanding of the kinds of bonds that women can build with one another.
But, like virtually every other woman I have ever met, I've also known the dark side of female bonding. I've had conflicts with my mother, my daughters, my girlfriends, my colleagues, with women whom I thought were my friends, with women whom I learned not to trust. I've been the subject of gossip, betrayals, backstabbing, catfighting. I've found myself enmeshed in relationships marked by unexpected competition, envy, and jealousy. And in both my own life and the lives of other women, I have seen how female friendship can be both empowering and disabling, a source of rock-solid strength as well as a mire of treachery, deceit, and misunderstanding.
I'm reminded of my friends Cynthia and Elinor, whose bitter falling-out sent shock waves through our entire circle of friends. These two women had been close since college, having settled in the same midwestern city, and their blend of intimacy and rivalry seemed to work for them. When Cynthia went into business for herself as a marketing consultant, it was largely Elinor's mixture of support and prodding that had gotten her to take the leap. A few years later, Elinor began thinking of setting up her own consultancy -- and Cynthia was there to challenge and encourage her. For nearly two decades it seemed that their friendly competition was actually good for them both, spurring each woman on to new achievements even as she continually measured her accomplishments against those of her friend.
Then Cynthia got engaged. Both women had had brief, unhappy first marriages and a long stretch of relatively satisfactory dating, but when Cynthia found her new love, Elinor was going through a dry spell, feeling lonely and unappreciated. The lack of male attention was particularly hard on Elinor, a stylish, exuberant woman who was known for taking center stage at any party.
Although Elinor herself didn't particularly want to get married, she had a hard time watching Cynthia snag what society still considers a woman's ultimate prize. And when she learned that her wedding invitation was for one only, she was outraged.
"How can she expect me to show up at her wedding without a date?" she fumed to any of us who would listen. "All of her other friends are married. There won't even be anyone there for me to dance with! It's her big day, sure -- but does she have to rub it in that I'm alone?"
Cynthia, for her part, was deeply wounded that Elinor seemed more interested in her lack of dance partners than in Cynthia's wedding. "I've waited so long to find someone, and now that I have, she can't even be happy for me," she'd say tearfully to me and our other friends. "Can't she ever think of anyone besides herself?"
Eventually, Elinor confronted Cynthia in an angry conversation that left both of them hurt and upset. By mutual agreement, Elinor stayed away from the wedding, and the twenty-year friendship ended. When I thought of how much the two women had meant to each other and how intensely each of them had approached this final encounter, I was shaken by the idea that female rivalry could run so deep. What had seemed a friendly and useful competition had turned into a painful contest.
It wasn't only my friends who suffered from female rivalry. I remember when I was just sixteen years old, during spring vacation, being whisked off to an early lunch by my best friend's brother, only to discover, to my astonishment and hurt, that she was expecting some college boys to drop by and didn't want me there to compete with her. When I started college at Sarah Lawrence, I soon noticed that while some of my classmates were indeed true friends, others seemed to resent that I had a boyfriend. It didn't help that Sarah Lawrence, a former girls' school, included very few straight men among its student body -- an early lesson in how competing for items in short supply often brings out the worst in women.
In graduate school, the stakes got higher, and the competition got stiffer, a trend that continued when I went on to vie for a limited number of academic jobs. I always had friends and colleagues with whom I could have trusted my life -- but I also found women who seemed to view not only me but all other female academics as their rivals.
This sense of rivalry became more painful when I divorced my first husband. Many of the friends I depended on for comfort and support suddenly began to view me as a threat. Some took me out to lunch to get the dirt, then dropped me soon after. I think they found it disturbing that I had left my unhappy marriage while they were still committed to theirs. For other women, the threat seemed more immediate -- twice I was told in no uncertain terms that I had better stay away from someone's husband, despite my protests that I would no more go after a friend's husband than I would stay friends with a woman who went after mine.
Thankfully, I also had some true friends who remained loyal and supportive during one of the most difficult times of my life. To this day, I trust them implicitly, with the kind of faith you reserve for the people who have proved themselves under fire. But I've also never forgotten the shock and disappointment of discovering how quickly those other friendships turned to rivalry.
Nor was the problem limited to other women. Reluctantly I began to admit that I, too, had felt competitive, envious, even jealous of my fellow females. I, too, had walked into a dinner party and done a quick tally of how I stacked up. Was I as talented as the other women? As pretty? As prestigiously employed? During my divorce, before I met my second husband, I, too, had looked longingly at the few women I knew who seemed truly in love, thinking, "Oh, to have what they have." I, too, had caught myself viewing my daughters with something close to envy for their youth and self-confidence, for the advantages their generation would have that were so far beyond my own. I had even wandered through my local bookstore while I was working on my first book, checking out the other women writers, envious of their apparently secure place on the bookshelves when I wasn't even sure whether I could find a publisher.
Meanwhile, of course, I was continuing to write about the topic that has preoccupied me for the last fourteen years: women. I wrote books about sisters, second wives, and women having affairs. I met women who were struggling with their roles as daughters, mothers, workers, and lovers, seeking to create new identities for themselves, trying to make traditional arrangements work. I talked to women from all ethnic backgrounds and social classes, from struggling Jamaican immigrants to the trust-funded descendants of Mayflower passengers. Everywhere, no matter what other topics I was asking about, I found hints of a dark secret, a problem that everyone seemed to sense but no one was willing to talk about: women's rivalry.
When I went to the movies or watched television, I saw similar signs of trouble in paradise. Although male friendships in the media abound -- from buddy movies to the warm, collegial relationships among the guys on cop shows -- I saw precious few portraits of female relationships. The handful of examples that I did find rarely offered any sense of how women could form friendships based on love, trust, and a sense of separate identities. In the romantic comedy "Jerry Maguire," for example, female friendship is portrayed as a powerful obstacle to romance. The heroine's sister and her feminist friends sit around carping about how badly the men in their lives have treated them, trying to entice the younger, more hopeful heroine to join them. But the heroine insists that she "just likes men" and eagerly forgives the wayward Jerry ("You had me at hello."). Her youth, beauty, and romantic success make her the envy of the other women, who clearly would rather bond over their common misery than help each other to find individual versions of happiness.
Although I had heard many real-life stories that echoed this negative image, I didn't want to focus on such a dismal view. I didn't like feeling that I might be playing into the sexist stereotypes that had portrayed women as conniving little man-hunters; nor did I enjoy reliving my own painful experiences with female rivalry. But finally, I had to face the truth: this was too central an aspect of women's lives for me to ignore. My next book would focus directly on jealousy, envy, and competition. Perhaps by looking closely at this problem, I could help women find new ways to overcome their dark side and form healthier, more satisfying bonds.
So I designed a study whereby I could interview five hundred women -- again, from a wide range of ages, classes, ethnicities, and religions -- asking them directly about their experiences with these feelings. I wanted to know the role that women's rivalry had played in their lives, their experiences as both targets and perpetrators of female envy. I was eager to understand how these dynamics had shaped my subjects' life choices, their relationships with people of both sexes, and, most important, their sense of self. I wanted to know why some relationships seemed to transcend these problems, while other bonds were marked by bitterness and betrayal.
What I found astonished me. I heard from women whose colleagues, best friends, and sisters had stolen their boyfriends and husbands. I talked with women whose fear of female rivalry was so strong that they chose to live in small towns, "so there would be less competition"; women who avoided certain parties "because I don't want my husband to meet too many single, beautiful women." I heard about girlfriends dropping a woman when she snagged a promotion at work, or finally found a great guy, or even when she became pregnant. Women described the wear and tear of constant competition, of continually comparing themselves to friends, coworkers, sisters, even to their daughters. Many women confessed that they had spent their lives trying to steer between two painful courses: reaching for the advantages that other women seemed to have and struggling to defend themselves from other women's envy. Although I had known that female rivalry was a theme in many women's lives, I emerged from my research feeling as though it must be a theme in every woman's life. We're just not allowed to talk about it.
In fact, when I recovered from my first wave of shock at the extraordinary stories I was hearing, I was able to boil down my findings to three conclusions:
1. Despite all the efforts of the women's movement to change this troubling pattern, we're still willing to cut each other's throats over what we value most -- jobs, men, and social approval. Although we've moved into the workplace and the public arena as never before, we tend to ignore men when it comes to competing, focusing our rivalry almost entirely upon each other.
2. We'll do anything rather than face up to female envy and jealousy -- especially our own. Between traditional social pressures to be the "good girl," and feminist expectations of female solidarity, we sweep all evidence of a bleaker picture under the rug. Indeed, in these postfeminist times, women are often rewarded for romanticizing female friendship and punished for telling the truth about female rivalry.
3. Even though my focus is on female rivalry, I have also found some wonderful examples of female bonding -- within families, between friends, among colleagues. In these positive instances, I found that the key was for women to have realistic expectations, of themselves and each other. When we stop demanding total, unconditional support; when we accept our loved ones' differences as well as similarities; when we own up to our own rivalrous natures; and when we confront problems rather than ignore them, we can create extraordinary bonds that nourish us throughout our lives.
A New Look at Female Competition
I walk into a party with my husband and immediately feel everyone's eyes upon us -- perhaps more upon him. I notice that when he goes to the bar to get drinks, one woman in particular follows him. Although she has to know we are together, she proceeds to move close to him, beginning a seemingly intimate conversation. I am talking to a group of friends I have not seen for quite a while. By the time I get back to where my husband is standing, the woman is telling him that she loves to play golf and can go to the range with him any Saturday. I look at my husband, who seems to be enjoying the attention, and realize that he has been sought after, regardless of ownership. This woman moves away reluctantly when I introduce myself as his wife, but manages to find my husband repeatedly throughout the night. I ask my friend, the hostess, about her and she tells me that this woman is absolutely a flirt and will steal anyone's man if she can.
Later, when we get home, I tell my husband that if he ever speaks to that woman again, I will be gone. While I am indeed protecting my turf, I am also well aware that this woman is a sexy blonde. I am not in despair, but my antennae are up.
As you can see from this anecdote about my husband and me, I'm no stranger to female rivalry. Perhaps because the subject is so personal, this has been the most challenging of all the books I've written. It hasn't been easy coming to terms with these painful issues, either in myself or in the hundreds of women I interviewed.
But once I acknowledged that female rivalry was a problem, I started to see it everywhere -- in the media, in my personal life, and in the lives of my daughters, as well as in the experiences of the five hundred women who shared their stories with me. Consider, for example, the story of this real-life high school queen:
It was a freezing cold day when my best friend, Allison, and the other two candidates for homecoming queen stood on the football field, shivering in their gowns, waiting to see who would be crowned. The bleachers were packed ... and people actually held banners with a name of each contestant written in big letters.
Allison didn't win, and she was devastated. I remember how she tried to hold it together. She changed into jeans and sat with me for the rest of the game, as hard as that was. At first she asked me if I thought that the winner was prettier than she was. Then she asked me if the winner was more popular. That was an odd question, since the obvious answer was yes.
Finally, as we were driving home from the game, Allison began to cry. She said she wished the winner ill and that she didn't deserve to win. Allison said she hated her for winning. All I could think of was how the winner stood on that field, alone with her crown, while the others moved to the side. Nobody was even happy for her.
Certainly, I had recognized female rivalry in my previous books. On each project, I heard tales of envy, jealousy, and competition. When I wrote about sisters, I ran into sibling rivalry. When I wrote about single women and dating, I heard how much they envied married women. When I wrote about married women having affairs, I heard about how much they envied their lovers' wives, or their own happily married friends, or the single women whom they knew. Stepmothers and mothers envied each other, as did first and second wives. Divorced women envied the still-married or remarried; married women envied the divorcées who had gone off to greener pastures.
Finally I realized that it was time to do a study focusing on how women treat each other, a study that would show both the external pressures and the internal dynamics that lead to envy, jealousy, and competition. I was particularly concerned to show where this female rivalry begins: in women's insufficient options. In a world where there simply isn't enough to go around, women compete. In a world that limits women to narrowly defined roles, women compete with each other.
I also wanted to explore the ways in which female rivalry has intensified as women have moved from 1950s-era housewifery and child raising to the expanded options of the twenty-first century. Ironically, as women's options have grown, so has our rivalry, from the old-fashioned sphere of hearth and home to the brave new world of career and professional success. Although each new breakthrough for women has opened up wonderful new opportunities, it has also created more occasions for competition. "It is definitely a problem how many avenues are open for women to compete with each other these days," comments Dr. Claire Owen, professor of psychology at Marymount Manhattan College, whom I interviewed in connection with this study. "If there is a pretense of getting along, it only exists at a superficial level. Underneath, there is the urge to outdo one another."
We can't understand female rivalry without understanding the pressure to conceal it. Although the women I interviewed spoke readily of competing with mothers, sisters, coworkers, and friends, many of them also seemed to buy into the myth of female solidarity, lamenting their own isolation from what they saw as a world of camaraderie and support. Women also described feeling betrayed when they realized that an apparently close friend was also a rival, a theme that was taken up by Mary Duenwald in a September 10, 2002, New York Times article entitled "Some Friends, Indeed, Do More Harm Than Good." Duenwald cites research showing that "the ill effects of friendship are more devastating than experts thought." Although previous studies had suggested that friendship -- male and female -- could be a powerful antidote to stress, more recent research indicates that broken promises, dashed expectations, and other side effects of friendship gone wrong can actually raise the level of stress in our lives, often to disastrous effect. In light of this new perspective, understanding why female friendships go wrong -- and how to put them right -- seemed more urgent than ever.
So I went on to design my research study, which covered five hundred heterosexual women of all ages, races, and backgrounds. My first step was placing the following ad in flyers for YWCAs and health clubs:
Writer in search of tales of female envy, jealousy, and friendship. Anonymity guaranteed. Call collect.
When women responded, I asked them if they could recommend friends, relatives, or coworkers who might also have interesting stories to tell. Because such a wide range of women answered my ad, I had access to a diverse group of subjects. I also conducted interviews and research with psychotherapists, scholars, divorce lawyers, and even with plastic surgeons, who were surprisingly insightful about the ways that women's rivalry over appearance affects us all.
I found the whole process fascinating, and surprisingly frustrating. To a much greater extent than in my other books, my interviewees often began by glossing over their deeper feelings, trying to portray themselves as "good girls" rather than admitting to the envy, jealousy, and anger that they actually felt. Frequently, the women were guarded and measured, so that I had to dig deeper than usual to get at their true feelings. As a result, I spent considerably longer conducting most of these interviews than I had for the ones in my previous books.
Although I've empathized with many of my interview subjects over the years, I felt a sense of kinship with these women that was more intense than usual. In some cases, I identified so profoundly with a woman's story that I found myself wanting to speak to her as a friend, wishing I could share my own history with her and hear her perspective on my own friends and rivals. At other times, I was appalled at the degree of bitterness, anger, and resentment my subjects expressed, and saddened by how difficult some women found it to overcome their early rivalries. Many women made such statements as, "Since high school, beautiful women have made me feel insecure," or "My friend and I have been competing for the past thirty years," or "Even though I'm happily married today, I find myself consumed with bitterness whenever I remember how my best friend stole my boyfriend in junior high."
It wasn't only the stories of past rivalries that haunted me. Women told me that they had blatantly set out to steal another woman's husband, lover, friend, or job. They described the times that friends had stolen jobs or relationships from them. They detailed the bitter envy that they still felt for or from their mothers, sisters, and in-laws. And I shuddered at the apparent freedom so many women felt simply to take what they wanted without regard for other women's feelings. It was as though we were all crazed customers at some kind of year-end shoe sale, shoving our fellow females out of the way as we clutched desperately at the few remaining pieces of merchandise. I had the discouraging sense that our culture had created female monsters, dooming us to play out these intense and bitter rivalries almost against our will..
But whether I felt close to my subjects as kindred spirits or horrified at the world of female jealousy they portrayed, I was always fascinated, particularly when I started compiling my data and realized how widespread the problem really is:
More than 90 percent of women of different social strata claim that envy and jealousy toward other women colors their lives
80 percent of women say they have encountered jealousy in other females since they were in grade school
90 percent of women in diverse jobs report that competition in the workplace is primarily between women, rather than between women and men
More than 65 percent of interviewees said that they were jealous of their best friend or sister
More than 70 percent of interviewees were familiar with the concept of women stealing a friend's husband, lover, boyfriend, or job
percent of interviewees reported themselves the victims of another woman's theft of a husband, lover, boyfriend, or job
25 percent of interviewees reported that they themselves had stolen a friend's husband, lover, boyfriend, or job
Although hearing the stories of female competition was often disturbing, I concluded my study with a feeling of optimism. Yes, at first glance, this portrait of hidden rivalry and cancerous envy seems bleak indeed. But facing up to this gloomy picture is the first step toward a better future of more authentic, loving bonds among women. If we are willing to look closely at this issue, we may be astonished at the rewards we stand to gain.
Shades of Rivalry: Competition, Envy, and Jealousy
As I sorted through the stories I was hearing, I began to realize that female contests took three forms: competition, envy, and jealousy.
Competition is probably the most benign form of female rivalry. When we compete with one another, we're saying, I'm willing to fight you for what I want. This isn't necessarily a bad thing, particularly when we're competing for limited resources. A woman who withdraws from consideration for a job, for example, simply because she knows other women are also up for the position would be almost pathologically unwilling to engage in the normal, healthy competition that is simply a part of life. Likewise, a woman who refused to consider dating a man merely because she knows other women find him attractive would not be coping with competition in a healthy way. Indeed, one of the great benefits of the women's movement has been its permission for us to claim our ambitious natures, freeing us to go after what we want without always worrying about whether someone else wants it, too. In some cases, competition can even be a powerful force for good, motivating us to perform better, to be more honest about what we want, and to marshal our resources on our own behalf.
The problem, according to my research, appears in two places. First, despite the efforts of the women's movement to open every type of job to women, we still tend to compete only with each other. The reality series The Apprentice makes this all too clear. Rather than presenting a group of competent professionals, male and female, all vying equally with each other, the series conveyed the idea that women's primary rivals are other women. The miniskirted apprentices were not competing on the basis of competence and knowledge alone; they were also battling each other on the basis of looks and sexual allure. A more sober presentation of workplace rivalry might not have had such high ratings, but the very popularity of the show's catfights reveals the pressure women feel to size each other up while leaving the men alone.
Second, sometimes healthy competition for what we want turns into a problematic desire to have something merely because a rival already has it. We didn't want that guy, until we saw him with our best friend. We weren't so interested in getting into an Ivy League school, until we found out that a classmate was going to Harvard. We were content to put off getting pregnant for another few years, until our best friend told us that she was due in June. Suddenly we've created a contest based less on our own authentic wishes than on rivalry with a competitor.
At this point competition shades into envy, which might be expressed as I want what you have. Now, even this feeling has its positive aspects. If envy of a pregnant girlfriend causes us to realize that our own childbearing years won't last forever, we've used that feeling to get in touch with something that truly matters to us. Although the envy may be uncomfortable, it's helped us understand ourselves better, and to take positive action on our own behalf.
Or perhaps it never occurred to us that we could become a successful stockbroker or journalist, or that we could dare to try for such a glittering prize. Then a friend achieves that type of success and we realize, Hey! If she can do it, why can't I? A little envy can be the catalyst that spurs us to aim a bit higher, try a bit harder, make our own dreams a little bit bigger.
In the same way, the momentary wish that we, and not our girlfriend, were dating that hot new guy can be a useful way to get in touch with our own feelings about romance. Maybe there are problems with our current relationship or with our solitude, and we haven't been willing to act on them. Perhaps we've been pretending to ourselves that things are fine, and only a sharp jab of envy wakes us up to the realization of how dissatisfied we really are. If we are willing to explore those uncomfortable feelings, we might make some important discoveries that can ultimately enrich our lives.
Or we could go in the other direction and focus all of our discomfort upon our rival. This is the stage of female rivalry that I call jealousy, which might be expressed as You've got something I want -- and I want you dead.
All right, maybe "dead" is putting it too strongly. None of the women I interviewed actually confessed to murder, though some real-life stories come fairly close. One bizarre case of a mother accused of plotting to kill another mother suggests that women can indeed become toxic if their jealousy gets out of hand. In this instance, the daughters were cheerleading rivals and the scheming mother wanted to upset her daughter's competition as a way to take her out of the race. But even when we don't take our jealousy to murderous extremes, it's important to understand how we sometimes project our own desires and frustrations onto other women. Instead of figuring out what we want and how to get it, we focus on what they have and why we hate them for it. My research showed me that the more powerless we feel, especially when competing for "scarce goods," the more prone we are to turn healthy competition into a corrosive jealousy that can destroy our relationships, our peace of mind, and even our sense of self.
Consider the story of Brenda, a forty-eight-year-old registered nurse who had been married for about nine years:
Once I married Roy I expected to be satisfied, but a weird thing happened. I became jealous of other women's lifestyles. ... Those with families seemed to be the most enviable of all. ...
Suddenly, I had to have a baby. I hadn't even considered it a possibility, and now I was consumed. I ended up in a support group for infertile women and when two of the members became pregnant, I went nuts. ...
Once Roy and I adopted a baby, I settled down, and today I feel blessed. But I find myself competitive now over my daughter and other mothers and their children. I think this jealousy is just a big part of who I am.
Fear or Fascination? Our Preoccupation with Female Rivalry
Once I started exploring this topic, it seemed as though stories about female rivalry were everywhere. Not only were numerous movies and TV shows structured around this ever-fascinating theme but the media seemed to report endlessly on feuds, competitions, and catfights between famous women in entertainment, business, and politics. Jennifer Aniston versus Angelina Jolie; Hillary Clinton versus Monica Lewinsky; Camilla Parker-Bowles versus the late Princess Diana -- it seemed that few stories were as popular as two women competing over the same man.
Almost as intriguing was the spectacle of women competing for the same job, as evidenced by reality shows like The Apprentice, America's Next Top Model, and The Starlet. Or, if we preferred, we could watch women competing over each other's families, in programs like Trading Spouses: Meet Your New Mommy or Nanny 911. In each of these programs, women were ostensibly competing in only one category -- as professionals, or as mothers. But every show demonstrated that, in fact, women's competition is total, including professional competence, looks, fashion sense, and sex appeal, all indiscriminately considered as elements within a single competition without boundaries.
Advertisements drew even more explicitly on the theme of female envy, as in the publicity for the weight-loss program represented by former model Anna Nicole Smith. After years of being overweight and ignored, the ads explained, the slimmed-down Smith was finally getting the acclaim she deserved -- acclaim that the (presumably female) consumer could acquire simply by buying this product. But attention and admiration were not the only goals to be sought. The ads pointed as well to female rivalry with their succinct slogan: "Be envied."
Although Smith was supposed to be the target of our envy for her miraculous weight loss, the ads drew on the implicit contempt that women (and men) felt for Smith after she'd gotten fat. Indeed, malicious stories about the woes of prominent women -- Martha Stewart's legal problems or Kirstie Alley's weight gain -- seemed to be a never-ending staple of popular culture, particularly in media targeted to women.
Why, I wondered, were we so fascinated by the miseries of famous females? In an era when women were making unprecedented gains in politics, business, and the arts, we seemed to have an endless appetite not for inspiring stories but for tales that fed our own competitive natures. What was the appeal of watching powerful women fail? Why not just cheer them on, viewing them as inspirational role models who offered us hope rather than icons whom we needed, obsessively, repeatedly, to tear down?
As I reviewed my research and thought about my own experiences with envy, it seemed to me that our fascination with female rivalry had three sources. First, there was our own sense of despair at the ways in which modern society, apparently so open to female success, still makes it so difficult for women to get ahead. Whether we're talking about the shortage of good men, the scarcity of women at the top of the financial tree, or the impossible pressures on women to remain perpetually youthful and beautiful, it seems clear that female success is still elusive for most of us. Although we may be able to achieve more than was possible for our mothers and grandmothers, the glass ceiling and the unrealistic standards for female beauty still hold us back. In such a context, looking at women who seem to have succeeded where we have failed can become almost unbearable. We need to believe that our heroines have feet of clay, that they'll gain weight and grow old just like the rest of us, that they, too, worry about losing their men to younger, prettier rivals. If we worry that a lust for success makes us somehow less feminine or desirable, how can we help savoring the hardships of high-achieving women such as Hillary Clinton and Martha Stewart? Their success seems to mock our failure even as it tempts us to take steps that we fear may make us less feminine and alluring. It may seem preferable to put the conflict to rest by tearing these women down and watching them fail.
Second, even healthy competition for women is still largely taboo. It's very difficult for most of us to admit that we want to win, to snag the promotion at the expense of our coworkers, to rise to the top of our profession. Although the recent prominence of female athletes has given us at least some models for women who openly admit their desire for victory, most of the successful women we see in our culture have been forced to hide their ambition. Women like Hillary Clinton and Martha Stewart have obviously put a great deal of effort into achieving their prominent positions. No one wins a senate election or builds a multimillion-dollar company without making an enormous amount of effort -- effort that by definition includes the wish to defeat one's competitors. Yet both Clinton and Stewart were excoriated for their ambition, even as they tried their best to act as though they weren't, in fact, competing. Clinton's infamous attempt to portray herself as "just a housewife" by offering her recipe for chocolate-chip cookies backfired -- no one could believe her in the housewife role, and both homemakers and career women resented her pretense. Stewart's ambition likewise shone through her role as contented homemaker, leading to numerous attacks on her supposedly cold and heartless nature.
The message couldn't have been clearer: women may rise to the top, but they must seem as though they don't care whether they win or lose. Nice girls care only about being nice. They win only by accident or by someone else's efforts. For those of us in real life, however, this is an impossible injunction -- we know that success takes hard work and a will to win. So how can we avoid hating the women who seem to succeed so easily when we ourselves are trying so hard?
Significantly, both Clinton and Stewart became much more popular when they were shown to fail. Clinton, thrust into the role of the wronged wife, became a figure with whom many women could identify. Rather than hate her for her success, they could empathize with her failure. Despite her political qualifications, I wonder whether Clinton would have been elected to the Senate in the absence of the Lewinsky scandal. Likewise, Stewart's jail time seemed to humanize her. Instead of envying her seemingly facile rise to the top, women could pity her harrowing fall.
A third reason for our fascination with other women's failure is, I believe, rooted in the nature of female identity itself. For virtually every woman in this society, our definition of ourselves is bound up in our perception of other women. We see ourselves through comparisons with our mother, our sisters, our friends, and our colleagues. For a whole host of reasons -- some psychodynamic, some social -- we have a hard time seeing ourselves as separate individuals with destinies of our own. Instead, we view our identities as a kind of zero-sum game: we succeed where our mothers fail; we gain what other women lose. We can't envision succeeding or failing on our own terms; we can only measure ourselves against other females. So first we envy the powerful women we see in the media, and then we symbolically triumph over them as they crash and burn. After all, we can never compete against them. Who can be as beautiful as a movie star or as powerful as a princess, a president's wife, or the head of a business empire? If we can't beat them ourselves, at least we can enjoy the sight of them competing with one another, and we enjoy even more seeing them fail.
However, we pay a terrible price for this vicarious victory. Every time we cheer the downfall of a powerful woman, we're giving ourselves the message that power is bad and we shouldn't desire it. Every time we revel in a beautiful woman's aging or weight gain, we reinforce the idea that we, too, are less valuable if we are old or overweight. Every time we gloat over a woman's loss of a husband to a younger, prettier rival, we are reminding ourselves that our own relationship is unstable, that someday our man, too, will move on to greener pastures.
Moreover, in savoring women's defeats and seeing other females as our rivals, we lose out on the chance to make women our allies. Who better than other women to understand what we are going through -- on the job, with men, in friendships, with our family? Who else should we look to for support, empathy, and assistance? With whom should we join together to improve conditions for us all? But we cannot expect other women to join us in true solidarity if we are continually reminding ourselves that these very women are our enemies.
Beyond Our Dirty Little Secret
All right, so what's the good news? What do we have to gain from delving into the grim world of female rivalry, from taking a closer look at the backstabbing, undermining, and self-hatred that color so many of our female relationships?
As the early days of feminist consciousness-raising made clear, when we look more closely at a problem, we can feel relieved just by acknowledging it. Although everyone I spoke to had encountered jealousy, envy, and competition in some form, most women hadn't been able to talk about these issues. They felt pressured by traditional views of women, and by feminist platitudes. Many women expressed a sense of obligation to focus on the positive, to stress how important their mothers, sisters, and friends were to them, to tell only good stories about the other women they knew. To many of my subjects, women's rivalry seemed like a dirty little secret, and they were afraid of how they might look if they were honest about it. One of my hopes for this book is that it will help women start talking freely about the full range of their experiences, including the negative aspects of female bonding.
More important, I believe that if we confront this problem honestly, we can create some new alternatives for ourselves. But the first step in solving a problem is understanding it. So Parts 1 and 2 of this book are a mirror of what female rivalry looks like. Then, once we have faced the dark side, we can look forward to better days. Thus, in Part 3, "Revolutionizing Rivalry," I explore how awareness of this problem and the willingness to confront it can help us create richer and more nourishing bonds. If we can learn to make competition, envy, and even jealousy work for us rather than against us, and if we can resist the "urge to merge" by accepting our differences as well as our similarities, we can look forward to a new world of healthy and productive female bonding, free at last of the rivalry and destructiveness that have characterized our relationships for too long.


text:
Bayer Corporation Release: New Canadian-Led Global Study of Bayer's Xarelto® (rivaroxaban tablet), Initiated for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Death, Myocardial Infarction and Stroke in Patients With Coronary or Peripheral Artery Disease
- Coronary or Peripheral Artery Disease patients carry significant risk of fatal or debilitating myocardial infarction and stroke
- Rivaroxaban is the first novel oral anticoagulant currently under investigation in this high risk patient population
- 20,000-patient study will be conducted in collaboration with Canada's Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), representing one of the largest clinical trial investments in cardiovascular medicine in Canada
TORONTO, Nov. 13, 2012 /CNW/ - Bayer Inc. and the Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), a joint Institute of Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation and McMaster University, announced today the initiation of the COMPASS trial, the largest clinical study of the oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban to-date. COMPASS is a Phase III trial that will investigate the prevention of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD).
The COMPASS study will assess the potential of rivaroxaban to provide additional prevention of cardiovascular events to patients when added to an antiplatelet therapy, as well as investigating rivaroxaban and an antiplatelet as single treatments. The study will be conducted in collaboration with the PHRI and will enroll approximately 20,000 patients from more than 450 sites across more than 25 countries. In Canada, the study will enroll approximately 2,250 patients from more than 45 sites and will represent a significant investment in Canadian-led research over the next several years.
"Although there are therapies that offer significant protection for patients with coronary or peripheral artery disease, a significant risk of heart attacks, stroke or even death remains in these high-risk patients," said Dr. Salim Yusuf, Executive Director of the PHRI, Canada, and Principal Investigator of the COMPASS study. "This is therefore an important study, designed to investigate additional, potentially complementary, cardioprotective benefits for these patients."
In CAD and PAD, the inner wall of the arteries progressively thickens due to accumulation of lipids, calcification, and cell proliferation. This plaque narrows the arteries and decreases the amount of blood flow to the heart muscle (CAD) or the legs (PAD). This process is called atherosclerosis. If plaque from the wall of an artery ruptures, a blood clot can form at the site of the rupture leading to serious events including myocardial infarction, stroke or even death.
Currently, the most commonly prescribed treatments for the prevention of MACE in CAD and PAD patients are antiplatelet agents.
"The COMPASS trial represents a significant investment in Canadian clinical research and a global recognition of Canadian science," said Dr. Shurjeel Choudhri, Senior Vice President and Head, Medical and Scientific Affairs Bayer Inc. "The clinical research expertise of Dr. Yusuf and the PHRI team speaks to the strong talent that exists in Canada. Bayer is proud to be collaborating with the PHRI on such a major study that has the potential to offer new insight into the prevention of major adverse cardiac events for the millions of patients worldwide living with coronary artery disease or peripheral artery disease."
About the Burden of Coronary and Peripheral Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease and is responsible for approximately 7.3 million deaths worldwide every year. In 2009, approximately 36,000 Canadians died from CAD1. One-third to one-half of all middle-aged men and women in high income countries are at risk of developing CAD during their lifetime, and the number of people with CAD is rising globally. By 2020, the burden of coronary artery disease is projected to reach 82 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) or "healthy years of life lost" worldwide.
Peripheral artery disease (PAD), while often undiagnosed, affects over 27 million people in Europe and North America and is a powerful risk marker of cardiovascular disease. In Canada, more than 800,000 people are affected by the disease.2 Globally, screening studies suggest that approximately 20 per cent of adults older than 55 years have evidence of PAD. The disease prevalence is strongly age-related and, like CAD, the numbers of affected patients is rising, because of the aging of the population.
About Heart Disease in Canada
In 2007, 1.3 million Canadians reported having heart disease. 3 It is one of the three leading causes of death in Canada.4 Ninety per cent of Canadians have at least one risk factor for heart disease or stroke (smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity, obesity, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, diabetes).5 In Canada, someone dies from heart disease and stroke every seven minutes.6
In 2009, heart disease accounted for 28.6 per cent of all deaths in Canada (68,342 deaths).7 Heart disease and stroke costs the Canadian economy more than $20.9 billion every year in physician services, hospital costs, lost wages and decreased productivity.8
About COMPASS
COMPASS (Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS) will include approximately 20,000 patients from more than 450 sites across more than 25 countries. Patients with documented atherosclerosis related to CAD or PAD will be enrolled into the study. The primary efficacy endpoint is a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke. The primary safety endpoint is major bleeding. In the study, patients will be randomized to receive investigational doses of either: rivaroxaban 2.5mg twice-daily in addition to an antiplatelet; rivaroxaban 5mg twice-daily alone; or an antiplatelet alone. Patients will also be randomized to receive a proton pump inhibitor. The study will investigate whether such an approach would lead to a reduction in cardiac events and bleeding. The study will be conducted by the Population Health Research Institute (PHRI).
About the Population Health Research Institute (PHRI)
PHRI is a leading academic health science research institute focused on improving global health outcomes. Based in Hamilton, ON, its research interests are global and include a broad spectrum of health-related issues. Originally a cardiovascular disease research institute, PHRI's programs have expanded to include a broad range of medical and societal conditions in varied populations defined by ethnicity and/or geographic region. To date, PHRI has conducted more than 80 major trials and epidemiological studies in more than 1,500 centres in 83 countries, involving over one million individuals. More information can be found at www.phri.ca.
About Xarelto® (rivaroxaban tablet)
Xarelto® (rivaroxaban tablet) is indicated for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with AF, in whom anticoagulation is appropriate, as well as for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) without symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE), and for the prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in patients who have undergone elective total hip or total knee replacement surgery. To date, rivaroxaban is approved in more than 120 countries worldwide for the prevention of VTE in patients who have undergone elective total hip or total knee replacement surgery. Market authorization has not been obtained for the prevention of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD), which is currently the subject of the Phase III COMPASS trial.
The extensive clinical trial program investigating rivaroxaban makes it one of the most studied and widely published oral, direct Factor-Xa inhibitors. The studies, reported and ongoing, involve over 75,000 patients for the prevention and treatment of venous and arterial thromboembolic disorders across a broad range of acute and chronic conditions, including those for which market authorization has not yet been obtained, such as the secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome and treatment of pulmonary embolism.
Xarelto® (rivaroxaban tablet) like other anticoagulants, should be used with caution in patients with an increased risk of bleeding. Bleeding can occur at any site during therapy with rivaroxaban. The possibility of a hemorrhage should be considered in evaluating the condition of any anticoagulated patient. Any unexplained fall in hemoglobin or blood pressure should lead to a search for a bleeding site.
Patients at high risk of bleeding should not be prescribed rivaroxaban. Should severe bleeding occur, treatment with rivaroxaban must be discontinued and the source of bleeding investigated promptly. The use of rivaroxaban is not recommended in patients with severe renal impairment.
Physicians should refer to the Xarelto® (rivaroxaban tablet) Product Monograph for complete information.
*Xarelto® (rivaroxaban tablet) 15 mg and 20 mg tablets should be taken with food.
About Bayer Inc.
Bayer Inc. (Bayer) is a Canadian subsidiary of Bayer AG, an international research-based group with core businesses in health care, crop science and innovative materials. Headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Bayer Inc. operates the Bayer Group's HealthCare and MaterialScience businesses in Canada. Bayer CropScience Inc., headquartered in Calgary, Alberta operates as a separate legal entity in Canada. Together, the companies play a vital role in improving the quality of life for Canadians - producing products that fight diseases, protecting crops and animals, and developing high-performance materials for applications in numerous areas of daily life. Canadian Bayer facilities include the Toronto headquarters and offices in Montréal and Calgary.
Bayer Inc. has approximately 800 employees across Canada and had sales of $808 million CDN in 2011. Globally, the Bayer Group had sales of over 36 billion Euro in 2011. Bayer Inc. invested approximately $13 million CDN in research and development in 2011. Worldwide, the Bayer Group spent the equivalent of over 2.9 billion Euro in 2011 in R&D. For more information, go to www.bayer.ca.
1 Statistics Canada. Morality, Summary List of Causes 2009. Released
July, 2012.
2 Canadian Journal of Cardiology 27 (2011) 389.e11-389.e18 www.onlinecjc.ca
3 Tracking Heart Disease and Stroke in Canada. Released June 2009.
4 Statistics Canada. Morality, Summary List of Causes 2008. Released October, 2011.
5 Heart and Stroke Foundation - www.heartandstroke.com
6 Heart and Stroke Foundation - www.heartandstroke.com
7 Statistics Canada. Morality, Summary List of Causes 2009. Released July, 2012.
8 Conference Board of Canada. The Canadian Heart Health Strategy: Risk Factors and Future Cost Implications. Report February 2010.
SOURCE Bayer Inc.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Drew Barrymore Gives Birth to Second Daughter, Frankie
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Drew Barrymore is now a mommy of two.
The 39-year-old actress and her 36-year-old husband, Will Kopelman, are welcoming their second daughter.
Barrymore's rep, Chris Miller, confirms Frankie Barrymore Kopelman was born Tuesday.
Barrymore and Kopelman's first child, daughter Olive, is 19 months old.
The couple say in a statement that "Olive has a new little sister, and everyone is healthy and happy!"
Barrymore told The Associated Press earlier this month that becoming a parent is the greatest thing she's ever done in my life.
Barrymore's latest film, out May 23, is the family-friendly comedy "Blended," which co-stars Adam Sandler. Her recent photo book, "Find It in Everything," was dedicated to daughter Olive.
Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
A line of plush dolls that could pose a choking hazard to children is among this week's recalled consumer products. A line of defective lamps and potentially dangerous children's clothing are also being recalled.
Here's a more detailed look:
DETAILS: Plush handmade baby dolls made by Radiant Exports and imported by The Land of Nod. The dolls are dressed in a one piece printed floral fabric outfit with a white lace trimmed hood over the head of the dolls. They include Clara dolls in Yellow with the SKU number 404543 and item number 3710080-YE; Eleanor dolls in light blue with SKU number 404551 and item number 3710080-LB; Hannah dolls in Cream with SKU number 404608 and item number 3710080-CR; Lila dolls in dark blue with SKU number 404756 and item number 3710080-DB; and Rose dolls in red with SKU number 404799 and item number 3710080-RE. The SKU number is printed on a sewn-in label attached to the right leg of the doll and on a hang tag fastened to the right arm. They were sold in The Land of Nod stores and online at www.landofnod.com from October 2012 to March 2013.
WHY: The hands on the plush dolls can detach, posing a choking hazard to young children.
INCIDENTS: One report of the doll hand detaching and three reports of the dolls hands loosening. No injuries have been reported.
HOW MANY: About 2,500.
FOR MORE: Contact The Land of Nod at 800-933-9904 or visit www.landofnod.com and click on Safety Recalls at the bottom of the page for more information.
DETAILS: Industrial Overarching model floor lamps made by Modern Home and imported by West Elm, a unit of Williams Sonoma Inc. The lamps have an iron base and arm in an antique bronze finish, one light socket and a round natural linen shade. The recalls include model numbers 192799, 192856, 465906, or 465922. "Industrial Overarching Floor Lamp" appears on the on the lamp's packaging. The model name and the date of manufacture in MM/YYYY format are printed on a sticker affixed to the underside of the base. Dates of manufacture included in the recall are between August 2012 and February 2013. They were sold at West Elm stores, catalogue, and online from December 2012 through February 2013.
WHY: A failure of the lamp's joint locking mechanisms can cause the lamp to collapse and the electrical cord to spark, posing injury and shock hazards to consumers.
INCIDENTS: 24 reports of product failures, including 10 incidents of lamps collapsing and three incidents of the cord sparking. There have been no reports of injuries.
HOW MANY: About 900.
FOR MORE: Contact West Elm at 855-776-6953 or visit www.westelm.com and click on Safety Recalls at the bottom of the page for more information.
DETAILS: Giada De Laurentiis ceramic 9x13 Inch Lasagna Pans. The cream-colored pans are 9 by13 inches in size and they were sold individually and as part of a six-piece set. The bottom of the pan is stamped "Giada de Laurentiis for Target." They were sold at Target Corp. stores and on Target.com from January 2009 through October 2012.
WHY: The pan can break causing sharp edges and posing the potential to cause cuts and scrapes.
INCIDENTS: 39 reports of the pan or its handles breaking or cracking during normal use. Cuts and lacerations were reported in six of those incidents.
HOW MANY: About 148,700.
FOR MORE: Contact Target guest relations at 800-440-0680 or visit www.target.com, click on Product Recalls at the bottom of the page and then select Home & Kitchen
DETAILS: Gingham Bunny forks and spoons for babies made by Winkuan Metals Technology Co. and imported by Reed and Barton Corp. The flatware was sold three ways; as just the infant feeding spoon, in a fork and spoon set, and in a three-piece set including the infant feeding spoon with a bowl and bib. The flatware is silver-colored, nickel-plated and has a bunny with pink coloring on its ears at the end of the handle. They were sold at Reed and Barton factory stores, various gift shops, and online at www.reedandbarton.com from September 2012 through January 2013.
WHY: The pink coloring on the bunny's ears can come off, posing choking and ingestion hazards to babies.
INCIDENTS: One report of the pink coloring on the bunny's ears coming off the flatware. No injuries were reported.
HOW MANY: About 4,000.
FOR MORE: Contact Reed and Barton at 800-343-1383 or visit www.reedandbarton.com and click on Recall Information in the grey box at the bottom of the page.
DETAILS: Girl's "Young Hearts" brand three-piece clothing sets sold with a pink vest, black pullover shirt, and knit pants in sizes 12 months to 6X. "Young Hearts" is printed on a label inside the shirt collar. The pink vest has a black bow applique on the left front and a pink elastic belt with silver clasps. They were sold from September 2012 to December 2012.
WHY: The vest sold with these sets has a belt at the waist that could become snagged or caught in small spaces or vehicle doors and it poses an entanglement hazard.
INCIDENTS: None reported.
HOW MANY: About 9,200.
FOR MORE: Contact Children's Apparel Network at 800-919-1917 or visit www.childrensapparelnetwork.com and click on "PRESS."
DETAILS: 10 models of Currey & Co. crystal or metal chandeliers sold in various colours and measure about 21 inches wide and 55 inches high. The model name is on the exterior of the shipping carton. Item numbers are printed on a white label on the interior of the chandeliers' canopy. Recalled chandeliers include: Guilia models with item numbers 9150 and 9151; Guistina model with item numbers 9152 and 9154; Giselle model with item number 9155; Valentina model with item numbers 9061, 9062, and 9063; Passionata model with item number 9064; and Ovation model with item number 9065. They were sold from January 2010 to February 2013.
WHY: Defective wiring can conduct electricity to the chandeliers' metal parts, posing an electric shock hazard to consumers.
INCIDENTS: None reported.
HOW MANY: About 2,100 in the U.S. and 100 in Canada
FOR MORE: Contact Currey & Co. at 866-577-6430 or visit www.curreyco.com and click on Important Safety Recall located at the bottom of the home page for more information.
DETAILS: Cervélo Bicycles with Aura Pro Handlebars made by 3T Design Ltd. of Hong Kong. The Aura Pro custom bicycle handlebars are original equipment on the 2013 Cervélo P-Series bicycles which come in black, grey and red colour combinations. The handlebars are finished in gloss black with "3T," AURA-PRO," and "ULTIMATE-PERFORMANCE" in white on the handlebar's top surface. The recall includes the P3 with Shimano Ultegra and P5 Three with SRAM Red bicycle models. "Cervélo" and "P3" or "P5" appear on the bicycle's frame. They were sold at Cervélo bicycle retailers nationwide from September 2012 through January 2013.
WHY: The bicycle's handlebar clamps can detach during riding causing the rider to lose control, posing a risk of injury.
INCIDENTS: One report of an incident resulting in minor injuries.
HOW MANY: About 623 in the U.S. and 53 in Canada:
FOR MORE: Contact 3T Design Ltd. at 800-223-3207 or visit www.3tcycling.com and click on Recall for more information.


text:
A New Style For A New Year: Clean and Simple
Scrapbook a Clean and Simple Style
Give yourself permission to switch up your scrapbooking style this year with the ideas we're presenting in a year-long series of articles featured in Creating Keepsakes magazine. Try scrapbooking with a clean and simple look. To get started, check out Stacy Cohen's shabby chic scrapbooking style, followed by her take on a clean and simple layout. She's included some of the challenges she faced, and offers some solutions on how to successfully scrapbook a layout using a clean and simple approach.
Stacy's Natural Style
"I Thank My Lucky Stars for You" by Stacy Cohen, as seen in Scrapbooking Tips & Tricks: Tools & Techniques special issue.
The Challenge: Design a page using a clean and simple style.
I Will Lift You Up by Stacy Cohen. Supplies: Cardstock: Bazzill Basics Paper; Patterned paper: Scenic Route; Stickers: BasicGrey; Rhinestones: Darice; Acrylic paint: Making Memories; Font: Times New Roman; Adhesive: EK Success.
Q. What were you afraid to try about this style and why?
A. My pages don't feel complete until I've added flowers, trim, stitching, paper cutting, and/or dimension. However, because I was going "clean and simple" for this style swap challenge, I didn't want too much stuff cluttering my page. I was a little afraid to scrap a page without any of my scrapping favorites, but I was up to the challenge!
Q. What advice would you give someone looking to try a new style?
A. Don't be afraid to step outside of your box and try something different. Browse Creating Keepsakes or your favorite online gallery for inspiration.
Try a Clean and Simple Style
When creating a clean and simple layout, try these ideas:
* Use a grid or template
* Limit embellishments
* Use patterns sparingly
To see more ideas for swapping up your scrapbook style, pick up the January 2011 issue of Creating Keepsakes magazine, on sale now.
Related Link:
A New Style For A New Year: Shabby Chic
Appeared in:
|To comment on this article you must be logged in. Not a member?


text:
COLLEGE PARK, Md., Oct. 15 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The University of Maryland's Robert H. Smith School of Business today named Mark Holifield – senior vice president of global supply chain for the Home Depot – as the 2010 "Person of the Year." Each year Smith students in the Supply Chain Management Society and the Supply Chain Club recognize an influential industry leader. The students and faculty in the school's logistics, transportation and supply chain management department present the award at a ceremony during the annual Industry Day, which also includes networking events and a career fair.
"We are pleased to honor Mark Holifield for his significant achievements in the field of supply chain and logistics," said G. "Anand" Anandalingam, dean of the Robert H. Smith School of Business. "This chance to interact with one of the top leaders in the industry adds another element to the rich, experiential learning-based education our students are getting in supply chain and logistics, making them some of the most desirable and most successful graduates in their field."
Holifield is responsible for the Home Depot's retail logistics, import and domestic distribution, delivery, transportation and inventory planning and replenishment operations. He joined the company in 2006 and has more than 30 years of experience in high-volume retail supply chain management, transportation and logistics operations.
Prior to the Home Depot, Holifield served as executive vice president of supply chain management at Office Depot, where he was responsible for the successful operation of its global supply chain, including 57 distribution centers worldwide that served all retail stores and customer delivery operations. Earlier in his career, Holifield was director of consulting projects at Dallas Systems Corp., served as traffic manager for Frito-Lay Inc., and spent nine years with H.E. Butt Grocery Company in its distribution operations. Holifield earned his B.A. in business with honors from the University of Texas and his MBA from Baylor University.
The annual Industry Day and the "Person of the Year" award ceremony are organized by Smith School students and faculty. The Supply Chain Management Society provides networking and career development opportunities for Smith School undergraduate students, while the Supply Chain Club provides similar opportunities for the MBA students. Representatives and recruiters from more than 30 companies were expected to participate in this year's event.
Previous "Person of the Year" honorees include John T. "Jock" Menzies, chairman of the Terminal Corporation, a warehouse, trucking and distribution company; Rick Blasgen, president and CEO of the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals; John D. Porcari, secretary of the Maryland Department of Transportation; a joint award shared by Jeffrey N. Shane, under secretary for policy at the U.S. Department of Transportation, and Ron Widdows, chief executive of global transportation company APL Ltd.; the Dell Corp., accepted by Ro Parra; Jeffrey Crowe, chairman of Landstar System Inc.; Linda Morgan, former chair of the Surface Transportation Board and the Interstate Commerce Commission; Michael J. Ward, chairman, president, and CEO of CSX Corp.; Don Schneider, president of Schneider National Inc.; Herb Johnson, past president of the Council of Logistics Management; and Edward Emmett, president of the National Industrial Transportation League.
The Smith School's logistics, transportation and supply chain management program is consistently recognized among the best business school programs in the country. U.S. News & World Report ranked the undergraduate program No. 8 and the MBA program No. 15 in the United States in 2010. The Smith School is launching a master's of business in supply chain program in fall 2011. Smith's supply chain management curriculum incorporates all aspects of the industry, including expanding global networks and cutting-edge technology. In addition to offering a range of academic courses, the school is home to the Supply Chain Management Center, which provides research, consulting services and education highlighting the latest advances in e-supply chain management.
About the University of Maryland's Robert H. Smith School of Business
The Robert H. Smith School of Business is an internationally recognized leader in management education and research. One of 12 colleges and schools at the University of Maryland, College Park, the Smith School offers undergraduate, full-time and part-time MBA, executive MBA, executive MS, PhD and executive education programs, as well as outreach services to the corporate community. The school offers its degree, custom and certification programs in learning locations in North America and Asia. More information about the Robert H. Smith School of Business can be found at www.rhsmith.umd.edu.


text:
The Washington American. (Washington, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 1, 1855
Description: Weekly newspaper from Washington, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 1, 1855
Creator: Crawford, G. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Newspaper
Partner: The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History


text:
Fun Music Company necesitaba un nuevo diseño de página web y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 23 diseños de 7 diseñadores freelance.
The Fun Music Company
The Fun Music Company creates educational resources for music teachers. These resources make music lessons more fun and enjoyable for students, and thus help the teacher by making their lessons less stressful, and cutting down on their preparation time.
Our market is music teachers. Teachers buy this product to help their students, either on an interactive whiteboard, or in a music classroom network of computers, or on a single computer in a music teaching studio.
The eventual end user of this product is students aged between 5 and 15 - so therefore it shouldn't be too "child like" in approach - it should be definitely "kid friendly", but not designed for young children exclusively, as this will definitely put off the high school aged children playing these games.
Please check our existing printable products on http://www.funmusicco.com for more insights into the style of product we have. This is our first computer game product, but we want it to fit in stylistically with our printable range of products.
This product is a set of games built in flash. We need the "front end" design for them... ie the graphic backgrounds and menu buttons.
1) a border and 'stage design' that the games can sit on
2) a button design that can be used many times for the menu.
3) a title page and font & style selection for the game titles.
the designs should be 800 x 600 pixels in size, and we would like the final designs delivered in Adobe Illustrator or flash if possible, or any other vector format. We also need to know what fonts are used so that we can incorporate them into the final games.
Basically something like a stage with curtains on the side & top, or a music stand for the game to sit on.
I'll attach pictures of the games we've already developed, so you can see what will sit over the top of your design.
We need at least part of the screen to be white - for instances where music notes have to be displayed. Music teachers are a fussy bunch, and if notes are not displayed absolutely perfectly on a white background there may be complaints from end users.
We aren't looking for complicated designs and too many new elements, just a simple and effective and effective design that will imply that this product has class and a lot of content.


text:
Toronto , Canada
Partnerships power innovation. Microsoft World Partner Conference offers a chance to get the connections you need to generate future business and deliver world-class solutions. Stop by the SanDisk booth to learn more about how we can help you transform your Microsoft environment with flash. You'll be able to get answers to your questions about flash deployments, see our latest product demos and learn how flash technology enables faster decision-making, better performance and reduced cost of ownership.


text:
Rob Feature necesitaba un nuevo diseño de botón o icono y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 187 diseños de 29 diseñadores freelance.
St. Matthew Lutheran Church
This design is for St. Matthew Lutheran Church, a Christian church congregation that seeks to reach all age groups. We are seeking a more post-modern look to our logos and designs, nothing too traditional, but also nothing too far out on the bleeding edge.
The audience for this project is very broad (everything from teens through seniors), however to give some focus, an age range of 25-35 is a primary target of the look and feel.
Note: be sure the final product can be delivered in vector format (.ai or .eps)
This is a "Garden Themed" design that should consist of 4 smaller icons which combine into a larger design with a central image. The components will be broken out and used separately, so they need to stand on their own as well as in combination.
Please see the attached file (at the bottom of this page) as a general guide to what we're looking for. However, don't feel hamstrung by this layout...do what you feel works for combining the separate icons into a functional whole.
The elements are 4 things that make plants grow combined with a lush, lively, fruit-bearing tree. Each element icon is defined below:
1. A "soil" icon. This is the 'food', nutrients, and soil in which a plant grows. You may want to use plant roots, or other soil oriented imagery.
2. A "water" or "rain" icon. This is the water that helps a plant grow in the form of rain or other water.
3. An "Air" or "wind" icon. The idea is that a plant takes in carbon dioxide, or 'air' as a source of fuel.
4. A "sun" icon. This one is pretty straight forward...sun gives the light to cause growth.
5. Finally, all of these are wrapped around a LUSH and VIBRANT tree icon. The tree should contain FRUIT as well and be the center of the design.


text:
Saturday, December 6, 2008
Winterbike Training Camp
We just got back from 5 days out on the trail. We had 4 students for our early winter training course. I had the pleasure of working with Aidan Harding from the UK and George Azarias from Australia living in New York City about riding a bicycle in the snow and how to sleep out in just a sleeping bag and pad. Both of them were interested in learning all they could for the race in March of 2009 and advanced quickly with their winter camping skills and snow biking skills. Bill spent his time with the Whytes a couple from the UK on a tandem bike and guiding the New York Times reporters and photographers, that visited our camp.
Bill and I went out on the Little Su a day early to set up a heated wall tent and shuttle in all our supplies and food with a snow machine. The weather showed us a variety of faces. When we were setting up camp it actually rained on us and temperatures were near freezing. The next day we had several inches of fresh snow for the first day of the camp and the temperatures began falling. On day two we headed towards Flathorn Lake at -10 F with hard trails from all the weekend snow machine traffic .
Every day we went for a long ride with at least one bivi where the students had to pack down the snow out of the wind, lay out their sleeping bag and pad and melt snow for water.
We also practiced riding a bike on marginal trails ( soft trails after fresh snow or windblown trails) and narrow snow machine trails ( Alaskan Winter Singletrack Trails) working on how to adjust the tire pressure according to the snow conditions. Having the right tire pressure can make the difference between riding on a snowy trail or pushing.
All in all, we had fun and enjoyed riding in the snow with this great group.
Here are some pictures from the camp.
1 comment:
- Charles J Gervasi said...
This looks like fun. It's my commute to work in Madison, WI but multiplied by at least 50.
- December 24, 2008 at 9:45 AM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
I purchased the tiny Dewalt DAB site radio this morning. All complete for peanuts .I have a top spec SONY as well. Sony would need "cutting and shutting " to go into a Systainer et c.But would be nice. Trouble is my wife likes it in the Kitchen. I have stripped the Dewalt down to it working parts (very easy) and was thinking about firstly modifying the case shape a bit to lose the Dewalt "shape" then spraying the parts as required "festool " colours .That way it does what i need and adds a bit of fun. And if any one questions why it looks like a "dewalt" I will say it follows a long trend in Festool products !!
Does anyone know what the color codes are for North America? I know the Festool green equivalent is called "Sweet Pea" from Benjamin Moore, but I need the name for the "Black Blue" Went to Sherwin Williams store today to ask about their Black Blue color RAL# 5004 RLS8-20004 as listed on their website, but was told that those codes or color name don't show up on their system. Was told by the rep the color code in North America should start with "SW"Lowes was unable to find it on their system either. Haven't tried Home Depot yet, but I thought I ask here first to see if anyone has the right code or paint name. Thanks in advance


text:
When 18-year-old Cheyenne Ketter-Franklin begins classes at the University at Buffalo next week, she will be spared at least one anxiety — the prospect of being saddled with a mountain of higher-education debt.
An innovative scholarship program that offers up to full tuition to any Buffalo public or charter school graduate accepted to college is taking away that worry for Ketter-Franklin and hundreds of other students, and giving parents a powerful incentive to stay.
In Syracuse and Buffalo, the Say Yes to Education program lets eligible high school graduates go to any of the colleges and universities in the State University of New York and City University of New York systems, vocational schools, or participating private institutions that include Notre Dame, Harvard and Duke.
Say Yes has chapters in Buffalo, Syracuse, Philadelphia, Hartford, Conn., and New York City's Harlem neighborhood, each offering varying degrees of academic, social, and financial supports intended to increase high school and college graduation rates. The tuition scholarships, which provide gap funding for tuition not covered by federal or state aid or other scholarships, are funded locally through donations from individuals, businesses and philanthropic groups.
Say Yes got a hoped-for plug from President Barack Obama on Thursday when he spoke about college affordability during a stop at the Buffalo campus. The president praised "the great work that's being done through a program called Say Yes, to make sure that no child in Buffalo has to miss out on college because they can't pay for it."
Buffalo's fledgling Say Yes program already had been on the US Department of Education's radar when Obama's visit to the city was announced, said Executive Director David Rust, who answered department questions about it a few months ago. Once the visit was confirmed, Rust secured an invitation to meet with Obama.
"We're removing the most significant barrier, which is financial, in a region that's struggled for decades now," Rust said. "And that's right in line with what he's talking about, and that's affordable college for all."
Obama's visit to Buffalo was the first in a two-day bus tour through upstate New York and Pennsylvania to push for a new government rating system for colleges that would judge schools on affordability and performance and ultimately determine how federal financial aid is distributed.
"I'm relieved, for starters," Ketter-Franklin said, especially as she watches her sister Kathyran struggle under $40,000 worth of debt after graduating from Canisius College in May, before Say Yes began in Buffalo with the class of 2013.
"College is stressful enough on its own," she said. "Knowing that you're going to have this money, that it's guaranteed and doesn't have to be another thing to worry about, definitely makes looking forward to college and enjoying the college life a lot easier."
After Buffalo, the president headed to Henninger High School in Syracuse. On Friday, he plans to answer questions at a town hall-style event at SUNY Binghamton before a stop at Lackawanna College in Scranton, Pa, where he was to be joined by Vice President Joe Biden.


text:
Follow RFF News on your cell phone. Text follow rff to 40404 you will receive txt messages with RFF News
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
OMG my power just went out! Back on now--keep your fingers crossed--that would KILL me!
I'm getting a huge black rectangular bar covering up most of the screen, anyone else getting this problem?
Page created in 0.081 seconds with 34 queries.


text:
✝ The Creation Wiki is made available by the NW Creation Network ✝
Watch monthly live webcast - Like us on Facebook - Subscribe on YouTube
Watch monthly live webcast - Like us on Facebook - Subscribe on YouTube
Book sources
From CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science
To help financially support the Creation Wiki please consider selecting our Creation Bookstore as your source for creationist books, documentaries, seminars, audio CDs, and educational curriculum. Proceeds from sales are used to pay the Creation Wiki server fees, and finance other creation outreach missions. The Creation Bookstore offers more than 300 creationist titles that range from basic introductions to creation apologetics, to those suitable for extensive research projects in creation science.
Alternatively, the following may also have information about books you are looking for:


text:
The U.S. Supreme Court declined Wednesday to reinstate North Carolina's voting restrictions for the November election, NBC News reported.
The high court deadlocked 4-4 on whether to let the state reimpose key provisions of the 2013 Republican-backed voting law, seen by many experts as the strictest in the country.
The state could be pivotal in the presidential race, and also hosts tight Senate and governor's races.
Last month, a federal appeals court blocked the law's voter ID provision, its reduction of the early voting period from 17 days to ten, and its elimination of a popular pre-registration program for high-school students. The appeals court found that those provisions targeted African-Americans "with surgical precision," and violated the Voting Rights Act.


text:
Subscribe To Batman Vs. Superman Rumor Hints At The Design Of Ben Affleck's Costume Updates
I've already subscribed
When it comes to designing the look of Ben Affleck's Batman in Zack Snyder's upcoming Man of Steel sequel, we can assume that they are looking for two things: 1) to make the costume look as awesome as possible and 2) have it look different than all of the Batman designs we've seen before, particularly Christian Bale's from Christopher Nolan's Dark Knight Trilogy. Sadly it will likely be a while before we actually get to see the look that they come up with for the film, with the movie not even starting production until next year, but now a new rumor has surfaced that may give us some insight regarding what the filmmakers being the project are looking for.
Unnamed sources at Comic Book Movie are saying that the design team behind finding the new for the new Batman is currently hard at work nailing down the look for the new film, and that one possible source of inspiration - for the cowl at least - may be the 2011 graphic novel "Batman: Noel" from writer/illustrator Lee Bermejo (who also illustrated one of the most famous Joker stories in recent years). Check out a few images of the cowl below (I tried to capture it from multiple angles).
The same source also suggests that the team was also spent some time looking at the costume from the recently-released video games Injustice: Gods Among Us, but ultimately decided that it was too similar to the most recent live-action film incarnation of the character.
Before you all get too excited/upset about this news, allow me to throw a bucket of ice water on your lap. Anything even remotely related to the development of the Batman/Superman movie at Warner Bros. is under the most hardcore lock-and-key scenario you can think of. Of course it's not impossible for some tiny bits of information to leak out, but also take all unofficial news and rumors about the project with a sizable grain of salt.
In addition to Affleck's Batman, the untitled movie is set to see the return of Henry Cavill as Superman, as well as Amy Adams as Lois Lane, Laurence Fishburne as Perry White, and Diane Lane as Martha Kent. With production starting in full at the start of next year - not counting the football game they recently filmed in Los Angeles - and hopefully we'll be hearing more casting reports soon so that we can get a better idea of exactly what we can expect from the film. For a full roundup of all news and rumors, head over HERE.


text:
No. 92,393
1. State v. Van Cleave, 239 Kan. 117, 716 P.2d 580 (1986), is construed and applied.
2. The holding of State v. McAdam, 277 Kan. 136, 83 P.3d 161 (2004), will not be given retroactive effect to cases whose direct criminal proceedings were final prior to January 30, 2004.
Appeal from Saline District Court; DANIEL L. HEBERT, judge. Opinion filed March 4, 2005. Affirmed.
Matthew J. Edge, assistant appellate defender, for appellant.
Amy Hanley, assistant county attorney, Ellen Mitchell, county attorney, and Phill Kline, attorney general, for appellee.
Before RULON, C.J., GREENE and HILL, JJ.
RULON, C.J.: Movant Matthew H. Snyder appeals the district court's summary denial of his motion filed under K.S.A. 2004 Supp. 60-1507. The movant contends the district court erred in refusing to grant his request to be resentenced under State v. McAdam, 277 Kan. 136, 83 P.3d 161 (2004). We affirm.
In July 2001, the State charged the movant with manufacture, or attempted manufacture, of methamphetamine, in violation of K.S.A. 65-4159(a); possession of drug-manufacturing paraphernalia, in violation of K.S.A. 2001 Supp. 65-4152(a)(3); unlawful possession of anhydrous ammonia, in violation of K.S.A. 2001 Supp. 65-4152(a)(4); unlawful possession of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, in violation of K.S.A. 2001 Supp. 65-7006(a); possession of methamphetamine, in violation of K.S.A. 65-4160(a); failure to wear a safety belt, in violation of K.S.A. 8-2503; failure to provide proof of liability insurance, in violation of K.S.A. 40-3104; failure to provide proof of valid registration, in violation of K.S.A. 8-142; driving under the influence of drugs, in violation of K.S.A. 8-1567(a)(4); fleeing or attempting to elude an officer, in violation of K.S.A. 8-1568(a); and obstructing legal process or official duty, in violation of K.S.A. 21-3808(a).
Pursuant to plea negotiations, the movant agreed to enter a plea of no contest to manufacture of methamphetamine. In return, the State agreed to dismiss the remaining charges in this case, the charges in another case, and probation revocation proceedings in two additional cases. Additionally, the State agreed to recommend a downward departure sentence of 84 months. Following the sentencing recommendation in the plea agreement, the district court imposed an 84-month sentence for the conviction of manufacture of methamphetamine. The district court did not inform the movant on the record of his right to appeal his sentence.
On February 5, 2004, the movant filed a motion under K.S.A. 2003 Supp. 60-1507, arguing that, according to McAdam, his conviction for manufacture of methamphetamine should have been sentenced as a severity level 3 drug felony. The district court, relying upon this court's opinion in Wilson v. State, 31 Kan. App. 2d 728, 71 P.3d 1180, rev. denied 276 Kan. 974 (2003), summarily denied the motion.
Thereafter, on February 25, 2004, the movant filed a motion to correct an illegal sentence, under K.S.A. 22-3504(1), arguing his offense should have been sentenced as a misdemeanor under K.S.A. 65-4127c or, in the alternative, as a severity level 3 drug felony under K.S.A. 65-4161(a). The district court dismissed the motion as successive to the previous collateral attack upon sentencing.
The only notice of appeal within the record is taken from the judgment dismissing the relief requested in the 1507 motion.
A district court has a statutory duty to hold a hearing on a 1507 motion unless the motion, files, and records of the case conclusively demonstrate that the movant is entitled to no relief. K.S.A. 2004 Supp. 60-1507(b). In determining that a movant is not entitled to relief, the district court must enter sufficient factual findings to support its legal conclusions on every issue raised by the movant. See Stewart v. State, 30 Kan. App. 2d 380, 381, 42 P.3d 205 (2002); Rule 183(j) (2004 Kan. Ct. R. Annot. 221). Here, the district court ruled as a matter of law that this movant was barred from collaterally attacking his sentence imposed after obtaining the benefit of a favorable plea agreement, following the reasoning of Wilson.
In McAdam, our Supreme Court held that compounding a controlled substance under 65-4161(a), a severity level 3 drug felony, was equivalent to manufacturing a controlled substance under 65-4159(a), a severity level 1 drug felony. Following State v. Clements, 241 Kan. 77, 734 P.2d 1096 (1987), and State v. Nunn, 244 Kan. 207, 768 P.2d 268 (1989), the court held that McAdam could be sentenced only to the less severe penalty prescribed by the two statutes.
However, whereas McAdam involved a direct appeal from a conviction by a jury, the movant seeks to collaterally attack his sentence, after entering a guilty plea and failing to take a direct appeal within 10 days of sentencing. See K.S.A. 22-3608(c). Incidentally raising State v. Ortiz, 230 Kan. 733, 640 P.2d 1255 (1982), the movant suggests we should treat appeals from collateral attacks in the same manner as this court treats direct appeals. Notably, the movant does not assert that he had no knowledge of his right to appeal his sentence or that his counsel improperly failed to file a direct appeal as directed.
A mere suggestion of the applicability of an Ortiz exception to the filing requirements of an appeal is insufficient to raise the issue before this court. An appellant seeking relief from the denial of an appeal right must either raise the issue before the district court to provide a proper factual record or move the appellate court to remand the case for the creation of such a record. See State v. Van Cleave, 239 Kan. 117, 119-20, 716 P.2d 580 (1986). Under the circumstances presented by this appeal, consideration of the issue as a direct appeal is improper.
As a result, the situation presented here is analogous to Wilson, wherein Wilson collaterally attacked a severity level 1 drug felony sentence for possession of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, K.S.A. 2001 Supp. 65-7006(a), relying upon this court's opinion in State v. Frazier, 30 Kan. App. 2d 398, 42 P.3d 188, rev. denied 274 Kan. 1115 (2002). In Frazier, a panel of this court concluded that conduct proscribed by K.S.A. 2001 Supp. 65-7006(a), a severity level 1 drug felony, was identical to the conduct proscribed by K.S.A. 2001 Supp. 65-4152(a)(3), a severity level 4 drug felony. This court reasoned, consistent with Clements and Nunn, that Frazier must be sentenced according to the less severe penalty prescribed by the two statutes criminalizing Frazier's conduct.
After reviewing our Supreme Court's decisions in Carmichael v. State, 255 Kan. 10, 872 P.2d 240 (1994), and Easterwood v. State, 273 Kan. 361, 383, 44 P.3d 1209, cert. denied 537 U.S. 951 (2002), however, this court in Wilson, 31 Kan. App. 2d at 734, determined that the rule announced in Frazier should not be applied retroactively. In the current appeal, the movant urges this court to conclude that Wilson was wrongly decided.
Clearly, the movant's sentence was not illegal as he was validly charged with manufacture of methamphetamine under K.S.A. 65-4159(a) and duly convicted of that offense upon entering a favorable plea agreement, resulting in the State's dismissal of several additional charges and the State's recommendation of a substantial downward durational departure sentence. The sentence imposed contained no ambiguity, and the district court properly possessed jurisdiction to sentence the movant. See State v. Barnes, 278 Kan. 121, 123-24, 92 P.3d 578 (2004) (citing State v. Duke, 263 Kan. 193, 194, 946 P.2d 1375 [1997], for the definition of an illegal sentence). Therefore, in order to establish a basis for a collateral attack under K.S.A. 2004 Supp. 60-1507, the movant must establish some other sentencing infirmity.
State courts are under no constitutional duty to apply their decisions interpreting criminal law retroactively. See Wilson, 31 Kan. App. 2d at 733 (citing Fiore v. White, 531 U.S. 225, 148 L. Ed. 2d 629, 121 S. Ct. 712 [2001], and Bousley v. United States, 523 U.S. 614, 140 L. Ed. 2d 828, 118 S. Ct. 1604 [1998]). Because the movant did not appeal his sentence, his direct criminal proceedings were final prior to January 30, 2004, when McAdam was decided. McAdam does not establish a new constitutional rule of criminal procedure or state that the movant could not be convicted of the crime as set forth in the plea agreement. See Barnes, 278 Kan. at 127.
Moreover, our Supreme Court has recognized that the United States Constitution provides no right to the lesser of two penalties afforded under separate statutes proscribing similar conduct. See Barnes, 278 Kan. at 123 (citing United States v. Batchelder, 442 U.S. 114, 60 L. Ed. 2d 755, 99 S. Ct. 2198 [1979]).
"[T]here is no appreciable difference between the discretion a prosecutor exercises when deciding whether to charge under one of two statutes with different elements and the discretion [the prosecutor] exercises when choosing one of two statutes with identical elements. In the former situation, once [the prosecutor] determines that the proof will support conviction under either statute, [the prosecutor's] decision is indistinguishable from the one [the prosecutor] faces in the latter context. The prosecutor may be influenced by the penalties available upon conviction, but this fact, standing alone, does not give rise to a violation of the Equal Protection or Due Process Clause. [Citations omitted.]" Batchelder, 442 U.S. at 125.
It is highly unlikely that the Kansas Constitution provides any greater constitutional rights than the United States Constitution in this arena. Kansas courts have generally interpreted provisions of the Kansas Constitution Bill of Rights consistent with the interpretation given the individual rights provisions of the United States Constitution. See State v. Morris, 255 Kan. 964, 979-81, 880 P.2d 1244 (1994) (provisions of Section 10 of the Kansas Constitution Bill of Rights afford no greater protection against self-incrimination than the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution); State v. Schultz, 252 Kan. 819, 824, 850 P.2d 818 (1993) (scope of Section 15 of the Kansas Constitution Bill of Rights generally identical to the scope of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution); In re Habeas Corpus Petition of Lucas, 246 Kan. 486, 489, 789 P.2d 1157 (1990) (Section 10 of the Kansas Constitution Bill of Rights entitles a criminal defendant to the same protection against double jeopardy afforded by the United States Constitution).
"The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution finds its counterpart in Sections 1 and 2 of the Bill of Rights of the Kansas Constitution which declare respectively that 'All men are possessed of equal and inalienable natural rights, among which are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness,' and that 'all free governments . . . are instituted for [the] equal protection and benefit' of the people. These two provisions are given much the same effect as the clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment relating to due process and equal protection of the law. [Citation omitted.]" State ex rel. Tomasic v. Kansas City, Kansas Port Authority, 230 Kan. 404, 426, 636 P.2d 760 (1981).
Even though the Kansas Supreme Court, in Clements, Nunn, McAdam, and Barnes, has provided relief in sentencing when a criminal defendant is sentenced to the harsher penalty of two statutes proscribing identical conduct, none of those cases suggest that their holdings are constitutionally mandated by the Kansas Constitution Bill of Rights.
Therefore, the statutory interpretation of 65-4159(a) and 65-4161(a) effected by McAdam did not represent a new constitutional principle which either removed the conduct at issue from the criminal code or involved a procedure "'implicit in the concept of ordered liberty.'" Whisler v. State, 272 Kan. 864, 870, 36 P.3d 290 (2001), cert. denied 535 U.S. 1066 (2002). As a result, the general proposition that new case law "'should not be applied retroactively to cases on collateral review'", 272 Kan. at 870, controls this appeal. See Whisler, 272 Kan. at 870 (quoting Teague v. Lane, 489 U.S. 288, 305, 307, 103 L. Ed. 2d 334, 109 S. Ct. 1060 [1989]). Without clear direction from our Supreme Court to the contrary, therefore, this court declines to extend the holding in McAdam to collateral challenges of properly imposed sentences.
As a result, the movant fails to provide a persuasive argument for this court to depart from the reasoning of Wilson. We decline to apply the holding of McAdam retroactively to cases collaterally attacking a proper sentence imposed prior to the decision in McAdam. The district court's summary denial of the 1507 motion was proper.


text:
Amanda I necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 30 diseños de 21 diseñadores freelance.
Bag off the Floor - the hand bag hook
I run a consumer promotions agency and manage all elements of promotion design, development, prize sourcing and project management. One of my products is the hand bag hook, not a new item on the market but the plans to distrubute are certainly more proactive than most!
This is a fun, very girly accessory which will appeal to every age group with many diverse usage occasions. Thinking pink, candy strips & slightly retro (the original Pink Panther with Peter Sellers).
We are talking to women of all ages, teens with handbags who like a quirky accessory and are always looking for something new, mums with babys who need to keep the nappy bags close and off the floor in cafes, glamours in cocktail bars and restaurants who have paid a fortune for their designer bags and don't want them getting stained and soiled on the floors and the middle aged elegants who don't want to clutch their bags on their knees all night during dinner!
I will need a logo & branding artwork for the company name: "Bag off the Floor" which will be used on the following:
- business cards
- letter head and company stationery
- website/email footers
- branding on the product packaging
- product leaflets & flyers
Website address is bagoffthefloor.com & bagoffthefloor.com.au
Communication & sales will be predominantly via the website and email but there will be direct sales and use of the hand bag hook as a promotional item and consumer prize/reward/corporate gift.
Please feel free to email with any questions.
Thanks, Amanda
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.