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European leaders moved more decisively Wednesday to control the region's debt crisis, and sent stocks sharply higher. The Dow Jones industrial average gained 102 points and closed at its highest level since late August.
The Dow had been up as many as 209 points, but gave up half that gain in the last hour of trading. Late-day reversals have become increasingly common in the market. So have point changes of more than 100 points.
"Unfortunately I think we're stuck with the wild volatility that we've had for some period of time. I don't think we've moved past it," said Dennis Wassung, a portfolio manager at Salem, Mass.-based Cabot Money Management.
The Dow has rallied 8.1 percent since last Tuesday, when it hit its lowest point of the year, 10,362.26. The Standard & Poor's 500 index has risen even more in that time, 9.8 percent. That's the biggest 7-day jump for the S&P since March 2009, when the market hit 12-year lows.
The surge is even more remarkable considering that it came right after the S&P 500 nearly entered a bear market. On Oct. 4, it traded below 1,090, a 20 percent drop from its recent peak in April. Had it closed at or below that level, it would have entered what stock watchers call a bear market.
Much of the surge in stocks since last week was due to new efforts by European leaders to contain the continent's debt problems. On Wednesday, European Commission President Jose-Manuel Barroso presented a plan to strengthen European banks and lower Greece's debt. Greece is still waiting to receive the next installment of its emergency loans. However, there is a growing belief that even those loans won't prevent the government from defaulting on its debt.
Separately, a Slovakian opposition party leader said that country's political parties have agreed to approve a deal to strengthen Europe's financial rescue program. Slovakia's parliament blocked the deal Tuesday. That set back efforts to free up more funds for indebted European countries and banks.
The Dow rose 102.55 points, or 0.9 percent, to close at 11,518.85. The average is now down just 0.5 percent for the year. The Dow has closed up or down at least 100 points in 11 of the past 13 trading days.
The S&P 500 rose 11.71, or 1 percent, to 1,207.25. The S&P is down 4 percent for 2011.
The Nasdaq composite index rose 21.70, or 0.8 percent, to 2,604.73.
Banks and financial stocks had the biggest gains in the S&P 500. Those companies would have the most to lose if European banks suffer big losses because of a default by the Greek government. A default would cause the value of Greek bonds held by banks in Europe to plunge, weakening their balance sheets and making it harder for them to lend. Their financial problems would likely hurt other banks, including those in the U.S., and could hobble global credit markets.
European leaders are working to shore up those banks so they can withstand the impact.
The euro rose to $1.38 against the U.S. dollar from $1.37 late Tuesday. The euro has fallen in recent months as Europe struggled to control its debt crisis. Treasury prices fell and their yields rose as investors bought riskier assets like stocks instead of U.S. government debt. The yield on the benchmark 10-year note rose to 2.21 percent from 2.16 percent late Tuesday. Demand was slightly weaker than average at an auction of 10-year Treasury notes.
Liz Claiborne Inc. rose 34 percent after the company said it is selling its namesake brand and several others in an attempt to reverse years of losses. Liz Claiborne hasn't had an annual profit since 2006.
U.S. companies have begun to release their third-quarter earnings reports, and so far the results have been mixed. PepsiCo Inc. rose 2.9 percent after the company said its income rose because of stronger sales of snacks and beverages, especially overseas.
Alcoa Inc. dropped 2.4 percent after the aluminum maker reported earnings that were weaker than analysts expected. A 12 percent drop in aluminum prices in the July-September period dragged down its results.


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MU Extension > calendar
Professional development events
Crowd Sourcing Workshop
Tuesday, Sept. 24, 2013, 11 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.
4747 Troost Ave., Kansas City MO map...
When you combine the concept of outsourcing with the power of Internet-connected individuals, you have Crowd Sourcing. Companies are using crowd sourcing to raise funds for start-ups, get product ideas for the next line of merchandise, and to solve problems that seem too big for the organization.How can your company utilize crowd sourcing? In this workshop we will explore the following "crowd" topics and discuss how you can take advantage of this new technology-enabled workforce: Crowd Funding and Capital Raising, Crowd Creativity and Idea/Content Generation, Crowd Wisdom, Problem-solving and Decision-making, and Crowd Work.We'll also discuss how to get your organization "crowd sourcing ready" so that when you find the right problem for this solution, you can jump right in with confidence.This workshop will be taught by Doug Allen, President of Allen's Consulting. Lunch will be provided.
View our Registration and Cancellation Policies here: http://info.umkc.edu/sbtdc/registration-policy/.
Class size:
Event full:
Carmen DeHart, email@example.com of Missouri-Kansas City SBTDCphone: 816-235-6428
Add event to your compatible iCalendar such as Microsoft Outlook or Apple iCal.
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University of Missouri Extension
© 1993
to 2015 Curators of the University of Missouri, all rights reserved

subset: commoncrawl


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I've started a project cleaning up my database. Whenever I finish a letter of the alphabet, I'll write a blog post to report about what I learned about the surnames that start with that letter.
Just finished going through the O surnames in my database. I found a few blanks that shouldn't have been blanks: a marriage and a birth date that were in sources but not filled in my database. Nothing new found though.
Next up is the letter P and the Potter family.


text: ODU Sports Lady Monarchs Fall Short To George Washington 2-1 September 06, 2013 By ODU Athletics Final Box Score (PDF) Photo Album NORFOLK, Va. – The Old Dominion University women's soccer team lost a hard fought match to George Washington on Friday night at the ODU Soccer Complex. The Colonials scored the first two goals of the game before the Lady Monarchs were able to answer back with a goal of their own, but it was not enough as G.W. held onto a 2-1 victory. Scoring started in the 28th minute of play, when George Washington's Alex Neal played a lead pass to teammate Lina Proska, who was barely able to get a slow roller past ODU keeper Meredith Lenox. The two teams went to halftime with George Washington hanging on to a 1-0 lead. In the second half, it was Proska who struck again for the Colonials, this time off an assist from Mackenzie Cowley in the 58th minute of play. Thirteen minutes later, the Lady Monarchs scored a goal of their own when Devin Dougherty finished Carly Goldsborough's beautiful lead pass through the air. Despite a flurry of Old Dominion attacks, the Colonials were able to hold off ODU and advance to 2-2-0 on the season; the Lady Monarchs fall to 0-5-0. Old Dominion will be back in action on Saturday, September 14, when they will travel to Fairfax, Va. to take on George Mason at 7 p.m. Be sure to keep up with all the latest news regarding ODU Women's Soccer on Facebook; as well as follow @ODUWomensSoccer on Twitter! STATSSHOTS – ODU (8); G.W. (14)CORNERS - ODU (9); G.W. (5)SAVES – ODU - Lenox (3); G.W. – Ulrick (1)


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Double O - Grind (Its Not An Option Mixtape) [Unsigned Artist]
Directed By- @1st_impressions
Support the 1EYE Movement
New Mixtape Go DL "Its Not An Option"
Twitter: @1EYEDOUBLEO
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WASHINGTON — Mitt Romney has won The Washington Times/CPAC Presidential Straw Poll of conservative activists.
The former Massachusetts governor is favored as the Republican presidential nominee by 38 percent of the 3,408 respondents. Rivals Rick Santorum drew 31 percent, and Newt Gingrich was favored by 15 percent. All three candidates addressed the Conservative Political Action Conference in Washington on Friday.
Romney had encouraged students to attend the convention, and 44 percent of them participated in the poll.
Texas Rep. Ron Paul had 12 percent. He won the straw poll in the previous two years. Paul did not attend the conference to campaign in Maine.
GOP pollster Tony Fabrizio said the poll was held online for the first time this year and produced the second highest turnout in the conference's history.


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Help me write something -- 2
Budget ₹1500-12500 INR
I need you to write some articles. Polish to English
Spanish to English
Urdu to English
Writings for branding products and ORM
7 freelancers are bidding on average ₹2976 for this job
Hi, NOTE - THIS IS INITIAL DEFAULT BID AND INITIAL MILESTONE PAYMENT REQUESR AND FOR FULL AND FINAL PAYMENT DETAILS & TIME LIMIT PLEASE DISCUSS THE PROJECT. I am professional hardworking writer and make sure ea More
Hi there! I am a seasoned content developer. Whether it is web content or creative writing with a corporate lingo, I have a passion for creating lively and effervescent content. Impeccable and plagiarism free content i More
I think I'd be a suitable candidate because I can successfully translate from Polish to English Relevant Skills and Experience I have had experience of translating Polish into English and vice-versa for 12 years now, More


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Arizona conservatives booed Sen. John McCain, while Joe Biden provided some unlikely advice at an online townhall, telling people to "buy a shotgun." Click through to see the quotes that made news this week.
|'Buy a Shotgun'
Vice President Joe Biden, the owner of two shotguns, has often used his firearm ownership in debates of the practicality of assault weapons. In a particularly offbeat moment during an online town hall, where Biden was taking questions on gun control, he explained an imaginary scenario where trouble would come to his Delaware home:
"I said, 'Jill, if there's ever a problem, just walk out on the balcony here, walk out and put that double-barrel shotgun and fire two blasts outside the house,'" he said.
Continuing the trope, Biden stated that it would be easier to fend off an intruder with a shotgun than with the civilian variant of an M-16 assault rifle.
"You don't need an AR-15," he said. "It's harder to aim, it's harder to use, and in fact you don't need 30 rounds to protect yourself."
"Buy a shotgun," he concluded.
|'It's Not a Fence. It's a Banana.'
On the same day he got a first call from President Obama on pending immigration legislation, Sen. John McCain got an earful from conservative Arizonans back home.
In one video captured by ABC's Phoenix affiliate KNXV-TV an angry questioner yells at McCain, "You said 'build the dang fence.' Where's the fence?"
That's a reference to McCain's 2010 ad during a Republican primary where he tells an Arizona sheriff to "build the dang fence" to protect the border.
McCain's response, in which he's pointing at a map and clearly needs some more context, goes like this: "It's not a fence, it's a banana. We've put up a banana with about $600 million worth of appropriations we have."
At one point during the townhall, McCain told a man who identified himself as a former police officer that he was being "a jerk."
|'She Was Really Struggling and She Knew It.'
Country singer Mindy McCready, who was a former "Celebrity Rehab" participant, committed suicide last week.
She was the fifth person who has appeared on the show to die in the past two years.
Dr. Drew Pinsky called in to "The View" to defend his show in the face of fresh criticism from the public and recovery advocates who say the process "doesn't belong on our TV screens."
"I wish I could be more responsible for them," Dr. Drew said of the show's alums when he called in to "The View." "I've received yesterday about 10 emails and texts from those that are doing well that are so grateful and wanted to reassure me."
Dr. Drew said he reached out to McCready recently after her boyfriend and father of one of her two children, David Wilson, died in January of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
"She was so severely shattered by that experience. All the people around her, her friends began calling me," Dr. Drew told "The View." "She was in trouble. ... She was really struggling and she knew it."
|'I Didn't Mean to Shoot. I Didn't Even Think I Was Holding the Trigger.'
Jodi Arias testified in her defense about the night she shot her boyfriend, Travis Alexander.
Arias described the beginning of the fight on June 4, 2008, when she and Alexander were taking nude photos in his shower and she claims she accidentally dropped his new camera, causing Alexander to lose his temper. Enraged, he picked her up and body slammed her onto the tile floor, screaming at her, she told the jury.
Arias said she ran to his closet to get away from him, but could hear Alexander's footsteps coming after her down the hall. She grabbed a gun from his shelf and tried to keep running, but Alexander came after her, she said.
"I pointed it at him with both of my hands. I thought that would stop him, but he just kept running. He got like a linebacker. He got low and grabbed my waist, and as he was lunging at me the gun went off. I didn't mean to shoot. I didn't even think I was holding the trigger," she said.
|'He Sort of Came Out Running.'
While some kids will spend this weekend playing video games or at the mall, 9-year-old Nikolas Toocheck will be on his way to Antarctica to run his second marathon as part of his quest to run a marathon on every continent.
"Nikolas is a 9-year-old boy who loves to run. He sort of came out running," his mother Tara Toocheck told ABCNews.com with a laugh.
"He's always on the move," she said. "He's a bright, happy, adventurous, fun kid who decided at around age 6 to run some races and since then he has run quite a few with his dad."
Nikolas' father Daniel Toocheck, an optometrist who is also in the Air Force Reserve, is a seasoned runner who has completed about a dozen marathons. Nikolas started running when his dad was training for the Air Force's fitness test.
"I just think running is so fun and one of the things I like about it is running with my dad," Nikolas told ABCNews.com.
The fourth grader completed his first marathon on Dec. 1 in Delaware and was hooked.
|'I Look Forward to Saying Thank You to the Many Friends And Supporters Who Were Instrumental In Helping My Campaign.'
Former GOP presidential nominee Mitt Romney will be making his first public appearance since losing his presidential bid last November when he speaks at the Conservative Political Action Conference in March.
"I look forward to saying thank you to the many friends and supporters who were instrumental in helping my campaign," Romney said in a statement.
An advisor to Romney told ABC News the speech is "an opportunity for him to express his appreciation to supporters and friends."
|'Relationships and Networks Are So Important in Terms of Career Path Success and Prosperity.'
The old adage, "It's not what you know, but who you know," may ring true when it comes to the universities with the largest number of wealthy alumni.
Research firm Wealth-X compiled a list of the global universities with the largest number of living alumni worth $30 million or more, or ultra high net worth individuals, as they are called.
Based on Wealth-X's research, Harvard University blows the competition out of the water with 2,964 alumni worth a collective $622 billion. That's nearly twice the alumni of University of Pennsylvania, which follows with its 1,502 alumni of ultra high net worth individuals.
"Relationships and networks are so important in terms of career path success and prosperity," said David Friedman, president of Wealth-X.


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This Is The Mindset They're Fighting In The Inner Cities: Chicago Gangbangers Tell Reporter "Killing Is The Solution"
"Gangbangers in Chicago: What makes them tick, what are they thinking? CBS 2's Walter Jacobson sat down with gang members in Chicago's troubled Englewood neighborhood to try to find some answers. "There's no solution to the violence," one gang member tells him. "Killing, killing is the solution."" - CBS
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Have you or anyone you know ever considered a career in Social Work? Chadron State College offers a Bachelor of Art degree with a comprehensive major in Social Work which is accredited by the Council on Social Work Education. The Social Work Program is located on the campus of Chadron State College in Chadron, Nebraska, in the Department of Counseling, Psychology, and Social Work. Graduates from this program are prepared for multicultural social work practice and leadership within the region as well as nationally and globally.
The social work curriculum integrates the challenges of, and opportunities for, addressing poverty, oppression, human diversity and social and economic justice. Social work recognizes the importance of human relationships for individual development and healthy communities. Social workers are trained to empower individuals and families as they strive to enrich their lives, reach their potential and attain their goals. The Social Work Program also encourages students to develop knowledge and skills in advocacy, policy development, collaboration, collegiality, and networking.
The CSC Social Work Program offers pre-professional introductory courses for the freshman and sophomore years. Junior and senior years are spent completing advanced professional coursework and end with an agency-based field practicum. The curriculum is designed to prepare students to work in a variety of settings such as hospitals, mental health agencies, government agencies, schools, and nonprofit organizations.
CSC offers excellent transfer opportunities from community colleges in the region. The Social Work Program is available for distant sites students through a combination of interactive television, online discussion boards, and on-campus attendance (one day per week during the final year prior to Field Practicum). Distance education is a commitment of the Social Work Program because we are dedicated to the development of professional social workers throughout the region.
provides an undergraduate experience that fosters student development of knowledge, skills, and values in order to function as generalist social workers who will enhance the capacities and quality of life for individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities within the region of Western Nebraska, Southwestern South Dakota, Southeastern Wyoming, and Northeastern Colorado.
Chadron Sate College is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and the Nebraska State Department of Education. The Baccalaureate Social Work Program has been accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) since 1992. In 2014, the Social Work Program received reaffirmation of accreditation by CSWE for the next 8-year cycle through October 2022. The CSWE Accreditation process provides an agreed standard for Social Work Education at the national level. It assures students that the education they receive at an accredited BSW program is equivalent to that of other schools in the nation. It is important for admission into graduate programs in Social Work, and for state licensing as a professional Social Worker.


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Many experts recommend that you focus on the kitchen first when preparing your home for sale. For many potential buyers, the kitchen is the most important room in the house. Since the kitchen has the power to make or break an offer, you should do everything you can to enhance it before showing your home to buyers. And, most experts agree that next to painting, improvements in the kitchen are the most profitable. Remember though, money you spend here is a cost of selling, you don't want to do a full remodel, but rather take some affordable steps to show what you have in the best possible light.
Start by creating space. You want the kitchen to look large, light and roomy. Clear the counters of all clutter. Take everything you can out of drawers and shelves and move it to storage. You can almost count on buyers opening your drawers and shelves when they come to see your home. What you want them to see is space, and plenty of it, not your old pots and pans.
Consider paint. Paint is always the most profitable improvement. A fresh coat of light, neutral color paint on your kitchen walls will make them look spotless and new which is exactly the look you want.
Pay particular attention to the sink. It should be absolutely free of stains and of course there should be no leaks or drips! If your faucet looks old and dated, consider replacing it with a new one, it will go a long way towards improving the look of the whole kitchen, for very little money.
If your counter tops are looking old and tired, you should consider new ones. Remember to stick with neutral colors though.
Freshen up the cabinets. Replacing the cabinets is expensive and probably doesn't make sense. However, you can paint them, or put new, modern looking pulls on them for very little money and give them a fresh look. In short, buyers will be quick to notice any shortcomings in your kitchen. So you want to do everything you reasonably can to freshen up your kitchen and give it a new open large look.
Remove all clutter from the house.
Check the bathrooms.
Check the walls.
Check the floors.
Check windows and window coverings.
Pet check.
How's the aroma?
Set the mood prior to showings.
Inspect the outside grounds. Remove any building materials, scrap wood, discarded household items, etc. from the property. Store garbage cans in the garage or behind the fence.
Check the home from the roof line down.
Inspect the condition of the paint or siding?
Do flower beds need an upgrade?
Keep the lawn neatly groomed.
There are many factors involved in marketing and selling your home. Unfortunately, you can't control most of them. The curb appeal of your home plays a big role in the sales process, and it's one of the things you can have direct control over. You'll never get another chance to make a first impression of how your home looks from the street. If your home exterior needs new paint, potential buyers might not even get out of their car to come in and look. Putting fresh paint on your home, both on the outside and the inside, is usually the one thing you can do that pays off the quickest. You'll get more buyers looking, and they'll like what they see, translating into a better chance for a quick offer at a higher price.
Try to stick with light, neutral colors. These seem to resonate best with buyers. A fresh coat of light beige on interior walls will freshen up your home and make it more marketable.
Simply put, new paint is usually the most profitable improvement you can make when getting your home ready for sale.
You only get one chance to make a first impression. When buyers are looking at your home, they will usually know almost instantly whether they like it or not. Make sure that by the time they get to looking at the backyard, you keep that great first impression going. Especially during summer months, when buyers will be thinking about barbeques and children playing, the backyard can make an important impression.
If you have a pool or hot tub make sure you keep it looking clean and neat. If your lawn is looking a little bit weak, some fertilizer and watering will bring back the deep green color. Be sure you mow and edge your lawn frequently until your home is sold. Cut back overgrown shrubs to show more of the exterior of your home. It will look more tidy and also makes the yard look larger. Fences should be in good repair and you should consider staining them. Make sure all latches and hinges are in good working order. If you have a dog, be extra vigilant to keep the "evidence" to a minimum. You can plant a few annuals to add some instant color that looks great. If you have a patio, make sure the furniture is clean and strategically placed. Consider adding some potted plants.
In short, do everything you can to make your back yard look as inviting and large as possible. It could mean the difference between an excited buyer and one with nagging doubts!


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A stylish take on the woman in jeopardy and mad killer genres, White of the Eye poses the question, What would you do if you suspected your loving husband to be a serial killer? Arizonan Paul White (David Keith) is an expert at installing high-end stereo systems in the homes of wealthy citizens. He has been married to Joan (Cathy Moriarty) for ten years, having seduced her away from a violent criminal, Mike DeSantos (Alan Rosenberg). A series of brutal murders of well-to-do women has citizens of Paul and Joan's town on edge. When evidence at the scene of the second murder points to Paul, Joan tries to fend off the suspicions of police detective Charles Mendoza (Art J. Evans), even as she begins to see signs of violence in her husband that confirm the accusation. Director Donald Cammell, who co-wrote the script with his wife China, offers a fragmented narrative characterized by quick cutting; subjective, handheld camera work; and optical tricks that suggest the unraveling of Paul's mind.~ Tom Wiener, All Movie Guide
Director: Donald Cammell
Cast: David Keith and Cathy Moriarty
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FOX Business: Capitalism Lives Here
Wall Street climbed into positive territory following encouraging comments from top U.S. lawmakers that efforts to avert the fiscal cliff would be productive.
Continue Reading Below
Today's Markets
As of 3:20 p.m. ET, the Dow Jones Industrial Average climbed 48.6 points, or 0.39%, to 12591, the S&P 500 rose 7.2 points, or 0.56%, to 1361 and the Nasdaq Composite gained 21 points, or 0.74%, to 2858.
It's been another tough week for Wall Street. The Dow and Nasdaq are trading at June lows, while the S&P 500 is at its lowest level since July.
The fiscal cliff -- a mixture of painful spending cuts and tax hikes -- that is set to go into effect at the beginning of next year has been a major cause of concern. The cliff is a vestige of the last debt debate in Congress, where lawmakers failed repeatedly to come to a so-called "grand bargain" to set the country on a more sustainable path. Now that elections have broadly reaffirmed the status quo in Washington, there is concern that politicians could fail to reach a deal.
"Initial positions in the fiscal cliff negotiations between President Obama and the Congressional Republicans suggest that the likelihood of hitting the cliff, at least temporarily, is non-trivial," analysts at Barclays wrote in a note to clients.
If the U.S. falls off the cliff, it is likely to badly damage the already struggling economy. Plus, it could put the American debt rating in jeopardy. Moody's Investors Service and Fitch Ratings still retain top-notch ratings on the U.S., but have threatened to chop it down if an agreement isn't reached. Standard & Poor's, the only major credit ratings firm to have the U.S. at less than a 'AAA' also has a negative outlook.
The White House and Congress began talks on making a deal on Friday. After the meeting, House of Representatives Speaker John Boehner, the top-ranking Republican, said progress was made during the meeting. Both tax reform and spending cuts were on the table.
Market participants also said they were watching the unfolding turmoil in the Middle East. Israel has been performing strikes on targets in Palestine, while groups in that country continue lobbing rockets back into Israel. According to news reports, a rocket was fired at Tel Aviv, Israel's business capital, and Jerusalem, home of many holy sites. That rockets missed, but highlight the rising tensions and chance of an armed conflict in the already volatile region.
In commodities, the benchmark crude oil contract rallied $1.22, or 1.4%, to $86.67 a barrel. Wholesale New York Harbor gasoline rose 0.52% to $2.714 a gallon. Gold ticked up by 90 cents, or 0.05%, to $1,715 a troy ounce.
On the macro front, a report from the Federal Reserve showed U.S. industrial production having fallen by 0.4% in October from the month before. Wall Street expected a gain of 0.2%. However, the central bank said Hurricane Sandy sapped one percentage point from the monthly change level.
Foreign Markets
The Euro Stoxx 50 fell 0.39% to 2452, the English FTSE 100 dipped 0.69% to 5638 and the German DAX slumped 0.51% to 7008.
In Asia, the Japanese Nikkei 225 soared 2.2% to 9024 and the Chinese Hang Seng edged up 0.24% to 21159.
Rich Edson contributed reporting from Washington, D.C.


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A January cold spell in the snowless Upper Midwest has forage agronomists fearing the worst for alfalfa fields in much of that region.
"I suspect that we'll see a lot of winter damage, but I also suspect that we'll see some total winterkill," says Paul Peterson, University of Minnesota Extension forage agronomist.
"I don't think we'll lose everything, but I think it's going to be quite a bit," agrees Dan Undersander, University of Wisconsin Extension forage specialist.
At greatest risk are older stands on poorly drained soils or any soils with low fertility, varieties with only moderate winterhardiness, and fields where a late harvest removed the insulating benefit of fall regrowth.
"Growers who took a late fall cutting will probably lose quite a bit of that acreage," Undersander predicts.
Young stands are tough to kill. So fields seeded in 2002 may be okay, even if the fall regrowth was removed, he adds.
He says alfalfa winter damage begins when the soil temperature in the plants' crown area — the top 4 in. — drops below 15°. At Madison, WI, the 4-in.-deep soil temperature hit 8° during the January deep freeze.
That was under a bare soil surface. Under a similar surface in St. Paul, MN, the temperature dropped below 5° on three consecutive nights, Peterson reports. But under an adjacent grass sod it stayed well above 15°.
"The insulation effect of that sod was tremendous," Peterson says. "But fall residue of alfalfa is not like a grass sod. My fear is that it might be closer to the bare soil."
"The area we're most concerned about is northern Illinois, northeastern Iowa and all of Minnesota and Wisconsin," Undersander says.
Some damage seems likely in South Dakota, too, says Vance Owens, forage research agronomist at South Dakota State University.
"I don't have any soil temperature data, but we've had a fairly open winter," Owens says. "So I'm guessing we'll be facing some of the same situations in this state."
In parts of North Dakota, soil temperatures dropped below the danger level in January, then again the last week of February, says agronomist Dwain Meyer at North Dakota State University.
"I expect significant winterkill in the Langdon and Minot areas, with the possibility around Fargo, Carrington, Williston and Hettinger, depending on age of stand and other factors," he says.
Southern Michigan growers should watch for signs of winter injury at spring greenup, suggests Rich Leep, Michigan State University Extension agronomist.
The northern part of that state had snow cover during the January cold spell, but fields were mostly bare in the south.
"The key is to look at plants right away in the spring when they start to get some growth," Leep says. "You should be able to tell if you've got some areas in the field where alfalfa isn't emerging like it should. Then you can cut into some crowns and tell whether or not they've got good tissue."
If you need to know sooner, dig 6 in. deep into the frozen ground and remove a plant, Undersander suggests. Plant it in potted soil indoors. If it starts to send out shoots in 7-10 days, it's healthy. If regrowth is sparse, it's probably damaged.
Or, dig up a few plants and examine their roots. The roots of plants that died in January will be dehydrated. They'll be ropey, with brownish tissue inside. The insides of healthy roots are fleshy, like a potato.
Neil Tietz is editor of BEEF sister publication Hay & Forage Grower.


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Gudda Gudda Responds To Kat Stacks! "She Look Like A Crack Head. I Dont Know That Bafoon. She Gave My Wrong Number" [Audio]
"Talks Hurricane Katrina and giving back - Album with Lil Wayne(Status) and features - Goes Off when talking about Kat Stacks" - Beenreal.com
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Selecting your vehicle's make, model, and year allows us to display only parts and items specific to your car's model and year.
Part# CH26429
3 Reviews
OPGI Price: $98.99
Part Type: (R) = Authentic reproduction of the original GM product
Years: 1968-1972
Sold As: PAIR
2018 Chevelle Catalog Page: 294
These are reproductions of the factory braces that were standard equipment on all A-Bodies with heavy-duty or performance suspensions—they stiffen the chassis from the lower rear control arm forward mounting point. This triangulates this area and prevents the upper crossmember from flexing and possibly breaking. An easy bolt-in that's noticeable right away.


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You're the Chicken Mogul! Review
Somewhere out there, a mighty business consultant strides across the land. Brilliant, ruthless, and handsome, he's the only man who can save the struggling Cock-a-Doodle chicken restaurants. You don't play as that guy. You play as his inexperienced nephew Danny. But when brilliant Uncle Richie needs someone to impersonate him while he's recovering from a car crash, you're it.
You're the Chicken Mogul! uses the traditional elements of a time management business game. You scurry back and forth between four screens: a restaurant, a farm, a chicken 'grow house' on the farm, and corporate headquarters. You'll hire cooks and servers, upgrade equipment, and switch promotions on and off for maximum profit.
Please talk to the chicken for service.
All this activity advances a typical 'zero becomes business tycoon hero' story. The dialogue and plot are a little awkward, and it's hard to get emotionally invested in a 'final showdown' level when failure just pops up a retry button. We would also have liked to see characterization of minor characters like the servers and cooks you're staring at for the most of the game. That said, the story is entertaining enough to follow to the end, and completing it unlocks two zany bonus levels.
The challenge of the game is building a consistent supply chain from hatchery to grow house to cook and server. If the chickens are flowing steadily, the cash piles up, and it's easy to complete the level's objectives. What's more likely– at least while we were playing– is that the hatcheries will be contaminated, the chickens will be shrinking due to lack of feed in the grow-house, and the servers will be fighting with the customers. (It's a great advertisement for a career in fast food. It's also completely unrealistic, because chicken restaurants don't own chicken farms.)
Straightening out the supply chain is fun. The little tasks added to distract you are not as much fun. You'll spend a lot of time shaking out chicken feed and discarding waste cooking oil, but the task that drove us mad was constantly adjusting the temperature regulator in the grow house.
Fun fact: Meat comes from slaughtered animals!
Fortunately, the game shop sells items that eliminate the annoying tasks. The game's premium currency is golden eggs, which can be purchased within the app or earned by completing achievements. We were glad that by playing normally, we completed enough achievements and earned enough eggs to buy a better thermostat and end our temperature control problem forever.
Some of the distractions are more entertaining. An 'arcade' opens every Sunday, offering a rotation of gambling minigames. The games are rigged in the player's favor, and we were able to follow the coin flips and three-card monte shuffles and pick the correct choices. Mastering these minigames is essential to jumpstarting cash flow at higher levels, so go right on down to the 'arcade' and gamble the company's money.
The minigames and tasks can get a little tiresome. Some levels take more than an hour to complete, and the difficulty curve shoots up near the end until you're likely to repeat levels. It's frustrating that you can complete the objectives without scoring high enough to unlock the next level, but that creates another opportunity for players to spend eggs to move forward.
When the game is going well, though, time passes quickly. There is a lot of satisfaction in mastering the systems and doing everything just right. If you don't like time management games, You're the Chicken Mogul! will not change your opinion, but fans of the genre will have a good time becoming chicken kings.


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Smartlist necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 193 diseños de 53 diseñadores freelance.
This contest is to design a logo for a new website called DiscoverScuba.gr Your going to need to be very creative and put a lot of though in to win the competition - please read the full brief carefully. Design must be in Adobe Illustrator and photoshop.
A new website is soon to be launched based in Athens Greece. It's called Discover Scuba and is all about diving in Greece and more importantly about the hidden world under the sea.
This website will be about education of suba diving and the fish, and wildlife species that are found in the Greek seas. It will be full of photographs, species information, habitats, behaviour. It will have lots of maps and information about dive sites. Additional the site will educate about PADI diving skills and generally be a bit like a magazine with many articles. Next year this website will be associated with a dive centre proving dive education and dive services. Note the current illustration on the website should not necessarily influence your design. This is a Greek business though will be in english and greek. The logo needs to portray education about species, but it also needs to be an identity for people to below to. The dive centre will use the logo on t-shirts etc and it needs to be something people want to wear., i.e. part of a club. It has been suggested that the same principles be applied as in military stripes, or even a superhero type powerful symbol. I am open to suggestions.
It needs to be simple enough to be recognisable to other divers, but not like all the other dive centre logos which incorporate a fish or a dolphin etc and are very cliche. Something more fun that that. It will be used on the website initially as I say and it is all about education of species and to be aware of the environment that we are trying to educate about and protect. It has also been suggested that perhaps this is too much to have in one logo and that perhaps a series of logos on a theme would be better. e.g. a logo for the website depicting education of divers about the sea and skills needed. (knowledge!) Then a second logo in a similar theme but for the dive centre itself, that would be worn on the shoulder of tshirts. This is only a suggestion and it may be that 1 logo does all - perhaps this needs to be discussed.
Overall, it needs to be different, and doesn't have to be "obviously" a dive logo, it can be more creative than that, but simple enough to reproduce well on materials and digitally on the website.
A reminder of the theme - We need to show Education; Environment; Identity; Diving. Education is about (a) species of fish, and everything that like in the sea, (acutally this is all about underwater photography as well (b) education about diving skills i.e. PADI. Environment aware; Identity is making people want to wear this logo on a t-shirt and belong to a club, a status
Discover Scuba is a "Diving Culture". Both discover Scuba and Diving Culture could OPTIONALLY be used in the logo.
Another possible suggestion: Whether we can combine these elements in a single logo is in question. i.e. maybe the website logo could be a little different than the logo that is the dive club/center that would be on t-shirts, however they would be closely linked and not completely different.
- A single logo or 2 simularly themed logos produced in Adobe Illustrator and/or Photoshop layers (PC format)
- Typical cliche scuba diving logos with dolphins turtles, and divers.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Don't let the vintage sign hanging above Randy & Steve's The New General Store on Main Street in Ellicott City fool you. Everything inside is -- as their name suggests -- "new" but with an old-fashioned touch.
After closing The Good Life Market on nearby Tonge Row and taking a two-year sabbatical in Madeira, Portugal, Randy Neely and his partner, Steve Archuleta, returned to downtown Ellicott City to open a store in the former location of Yates Market, which had been a Main Street mainstay for more than 100 years.
"We told [former owner Betty Yates Jacobs] we wanted to keep the same general store feel because we love Ellicott City and we respect the traditions of Yates Market," says Archuleta, 45.
In September 2012, Neely and Archuleta launched their new business venture with a vintage feel. They decided to open the store in three phases, starting with a retail store with home and kitchen products, followed by an Italian-style deli serving soups, salads and sandwiches, and finally a backyard garden with morning meditation classes led by Archuleta. The grand opening celebration is slated for April.
"We want to make sure everything tastes good, that it's affordable and that it looks good," says Neely, 48.
In addition to home care, personal care and kitchen products, the store sells gourmet foods like Stonewall Kitchen cupcake and pancake mix with specialty jams and syrups, multicolor farfalline pasta from Sapori Antichi, gluten-free Frontier Soups and Misstea organic tea.
"We truly, truly love our customers," Archuleta says of his return to Historic Ellicott City's shopping scene. "They have become a part of our lives. We love the young families, and we're excited to come back to our customers."
Randy & Steve's The New General Store, 8249 Main St., Ellicott City, 410-461-5840, randyandsteves.com


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Christina Aguilera: People's Choice Awards 2013 Performance - Watch Now!
Christina Aguilera takes the stage at the 2013 People's Choice Awards held at Nokia Theatre L.A. Live on Wednesday (January 9) in Los Angeles.
The 32-year-old singer, who was introduced by model and Project Runway host Heidi Klum, gave a beautiful and emotional performance of her latest song "Blank Page."
Christina wore an Alexander McQueen jacket and vest with Alexandre Vaulthier pants, Christian Louboutin shoes, and Neil Lane jewels.
After her performance, Safe Haven actor Josh Duhamel presented the blonde singer with the first-ever "People's Voice Award" – congrats Christina!
Christina Aguilera – "Blank Page"
20+ pictures inside of Christina Aguilera on stage at the People's Choice Awards…


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Dakar, Senegal (PANA) - The Board of Directors of the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA) has rounded off its fourth ordinary meeting for 2011 in London, the Bank said in a statement.
The highlight of the three-day meeting was the approval of a ceiling of US$200 million for the Bank's project loans and technical assistance operations for 2012.
The 14-16 December meeting was presided over by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, Yousif Bin Ibrahim Al-Bassam, and attended by and Director-General Abdelaziz Khelef.
During the meeting, Mr. Khelef presented to the Board a number of reports, including the one on the Bank's activities and achievements from October to December 2011.
The Board also reviewed the financial report covering the activities of the Bank during the third quarter of the year, and a report relating to the portfolio management performance for the same period.
BADEA was set up to strengthen economic, financial and technical cooperation between Arab and African countries.
-0- PANA SEG 19Dec2011


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Irish Horror Films
Dead Meat (2004). Mixing chills with thrills, Conor McMahon's Dead Meat is an Irish comedy horror in the same vein as Shaun of the Dead or Boy Eats Girl. The first horror film to be funded by the Irish Film Board, it features a twisted tale of zombies, mad cows and cannibalism, oh my. After accidently hitting a man with their car, Helena and her husband bundle the body into their car and continue on their way. What with this being a zombie movie though, the body doesn't stay dead and attacks Helena's husband. Making a run for it, Helena stumbles across an isolated farm and battles a few of its undead inhabitants before teaming up with a local farmer and a small group of survivors to try and stay alive through the night. With quite a dark and unnerving opening, Dead Meat soon veers into overtly comedic territory, but that shouldn't put you off. This is a film that wears its fun loving and bloodied heart plainly on its sleeve all the way to its surprisingly downbeat ending that recalls the best of George Romero.
Isolation (2005). Luckless and struggling farmer Dan (John Lynch) is so desperate for cash he allows a scientist to perform 'cutting edge' experiments on his cattle that will ensure they breed more copiously and speedily. The experiments have horrific side effects however and Dan and a small group of people including a vet, a scientist and a runaway couple find themselves facing something more deadly than just your average 'mad cow.' Sounding rather like an Irish and more bovine-orientated version of Black Sheep, Billy O'Brien's Isolation plays out as a dark cautionary tale warning against the dangers of venturing too far into the murky realms of science. Taking itself quite seriously the film does manage to muster a fair degree of tension and shocks, given the potentially laughable premise. The slow-build, dread soaked atmosphere eventually segues into a high-octane monster movie-esque final act, with a genuinely creepy beast picking off an ever diminishing cast. One by bloody one.
The Eternal: Kiss of the Mummy (1998). A lose adaptation of Bram Stoker's 'Jewel of Seven Stars', The Eternal was Michael Almereyda's follow up to the haunting vampire pic Nadja. Troubled alcoholic couple Nora and Jim, together with their son Jim Jr., leave their New York home to go and stay with Nora's Irish relatives in, you've guessed it, Ireland. They go to stay at Nora's childhood home and are welcomed by her bedridden grandmother and her blind uncle Bill (Christopher Walken, sporting a rather dubious Oirish accent). Uncle Bill is in the midst of studying a centuries old Druid priestess whose bog-preserved corpse is kept in the family cellar. After Bill revives the corpse, she begins to appear to the other family members as an eerie doppelganger of Nora. With an emphasis on atmosphere and characterisation, The Eternal has a rather languid pace that ensures it creeps under your skin all the more effectively. Substituting Egyptology for Celtic Druidry, Almereyda successfully evokes a strangely ethereal atmosphere. The bog-stained priestess makes for an unusual antagonist and an interesting alternative to the more typical Egyptian mummy wrapped in bandages. An atmospheric and hauntingly melancholic film.
|The Eternal
The Company of Wolves (1984). Ok, quite a tenuous connection here as this isn't, strictly speaking, an Irish film, but it is directed by Neil Jordon, who is perhaps the closest thing Ireland has to a resident genre director. Having dabbled in horror several times throughout his career, Jordon directed the likes of Interview with the Vampire and In Dreams. Neither of these can match the eerie beauty or disturbing high Gothicism of The Company of Wolves. Co-written by Angela Carter and based on several of her short stories from The Bloody Chamber, The Company of Wolves provocatively unravels as a feverish metaphor for the blossoming of a young girl's burgeoning sexuality and her subsequent loss of innocence. After the death of her sister, Rosaleen stays with her Grandmother (Angela Lansbury) who tells her cautionary tales of strange mono-browed men who turn wild during the full moon, and the dangers of cavorting with such gents.
The film unfolds as dreams within dreams and stories within stories. The studio-bound locations enhance the surrealism and fairytale imagery. Breathtaking and utterly atmospheric.
|The Company of Wolves
I interviewed Shrooms' writer Pearse Elliot a while ago. Click here to read the interview over at eatmybrains.com
For even more Oirish chills, check out Francis Ford Coppola's debut film, Dementia 13... Its really rather good. Cheers.


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List of Useful Immigration References
This article originally appeared in "Immigration Records" by Loretto Dennis Szucs, FUGA, Kory L. Meyerink, MLS, AG. FUGA, and Marian L. Smith in The Source: A Guidebook to American Genealogy
Once the national origins of an individual have been discovered, there is a great and ever-increasing assortment of background materials worth pursuing. A public library is a logical place to begin research. Most collections will include a basic history for any given ethnic group. Through computer networking, libraries can track down even the most obscure materials that will facilitate the search and add to the enjoyment of any research project. Many large public libraries and university and college libraries have special ethnic collections, as do some private libraries. The overwhelming amount of information currently available on ethnic groups and immigration in general makes it impossible to outline all of it in this chapter.
Immigration Background Sources
The following lists attempt to identify the most broadly available or useful histories, bibliographies, and immigrant lists. For a more complete discussion and a list of such sources, see the chapters on "Ethnic Sources" and "Immigration Sources" in Printed Sources: A Guide to Published Genealogical Records, edited by Kory L. Meyerink (Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1998).
Adamic, Louis. From Many Lands. New York: Harper and Bros., 1940.
Agueros, Jack, et al., eds. The Immigrant Experience. New York: Dial Press, 1971.
Allen, James Paul, and Eugene James Turner. We the People: An Atlas of America's Diversity. New York: McMillan, 1988.
Appel, John J. The New Immigration. New York: Pitman Publishers, 1971.
---. Immigrant Historical Societies in the USA. New York: Arno Press, 1980.
Archdeacon, Thomas J. Becoming American: An Ethnic History. New York: Free Press, 1983.
Auerbach, Frank L. Immigration Laws of the United States. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1961.
Bahr, Howard M., and Bruce A. Chadwick, eds. American Ethnicity. Lexington, Mass.: Heath, 1979.
Barton, Josef J. Peasants and Strangers. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1975.
Benton, Barbara. Ellis Island: A Pictorial History. New York: Facts on File, 1985.
Bernard, Richard. The Melting Pot and the Altar. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1980.
Bernardo, Stephanie. The Ethnic Almanac. Garden City, N.Y.: Dolphin Books, Doubleday, 1981.
Bigham, Barbara. "Colonists in Bondage: Indentured Servants in America." Early American Life 10 (1979): 30-33, 83-84.
Bodnar, John. The Transplanted: A History of Immigrants in Urban America. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
Bogue, Donald J. The Population of the United States: Historical Trends and Future Projections. New York: Macmillan, 1985.
Bolino, August C. The Ellis Island Source Book. Washington, D.C.: Kensington Historical Press, 1985. In addition to a history of Ellis Island, this volume provides an exhaustive immigration bibliography.
Boorstin, Daniel J. The Americans: The Democratic Experience. New York: Random House, 1973.
Brye, David L. European Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States and Canada: A Historical Bibliography. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-Clio Information Services, 1982.
Buenker, John D., Nicholas C. Burckel, and Rudolph J. Vecoli. Immigration and Ethnicity: A Guide to Information Sources. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1977.
Carpenter, Niles. Immigrants and Their Children 1920: A Study Based on Census Statistics Relative to the Foreign Born and the Native White of Foreign or Mixed Parentage. Census Monographs VII. Washington, D.C.: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1927.
Cayton, Mary Kupies, Elliott J. Gorn, and Peter W. Williams, eds. Encyclopedia of American Social History. 3 vols. New York: Scribner, 1993.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Research Outline: Tracing Immigrant Origins. Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Family History Library, 1992.
Coldham, Peter W. Emigrants in Chains: A Social History of Forced Emigration to the Americas of Felons, Destitute Children, Political and Religious Non-conformists, Vagabonds, Beggars and Other Undesirables, 1607-1776. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1992.
Cole, Donald B. Immigration City: Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1845-1921. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1963.
Coleman, Terry. Going to America. New York: Pantheon Books, 1972.
Commager, Henry Steele, ed. Immigration and American History. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1961.
Cordasco, Francesco, ed. A Bibliography of American Immigration History. Fairfield, N.J.: Augustus M. Kelly Publishers, 1978.
---. The Immigrant Woman in North America: An Annotated Bibliography of Selected References. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1985.
---. The New American Immigration: Evolving Patterns of Legal and Illegal Emigration: A Bibliography of Selected References. New York: Garland, 1987.
Daniels, Roger. Coming to America: A History of Immigration and Ethnicity in American Life. New York: Harper Collins, 1990.
Dashefsky, Arnold, ed. Ethnic Identity in Society. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1976.
Dinnerstein, Leonard, and David M. Reimers. Ethnic Americans: A History of Immigration. New York: Harper and Row, 1987.
Directory of Historical Organizations in the United States and Canada. Nashville, Tenn.: American Association for State and Local History, 1994. This biennial lists addresses, telephone numbers, and other important information for state historical societies and agencies as well as those for local and specialized collections.
Eichholz, Alice, ed. Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources. 3rd ed. Provo, Utah: Ancestry, 2004.
Eldridge, Grant J., ed. Encyclopedia of Associations: Regional, State, and Local Organizations. 4th ed. 5 vols. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1994.
Erickson, Charlotte, ed. Emigration from Europe, 1815-1914: Select Documents. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1976.
Ethnographic Bibliography of North America. 4th ed. 5 vols. Behavior Science Bibliographies. New Haven, Conn.: Human Relations Area Files, 1975. Supplement (3 vols.) added in 1990.
Fermi, Laura. Illustrious Immigrants: The Intellectual Migration from Europe, 1930-1941. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968.
Fleming, Thomas J. The Golden Door. New York: W. W. Horton, 1970.
Glazer, Nathan, and Daniel P. Moynihan, eds. Ethnicity: Theory and Experience. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1975.
Greeley, Andrew M., and Gregory Baum, eds. Ethnicity. New York: Seabury Press, 1977.
Guide to Genealogical Research in the National Archives. Rev. ed. Washington D.C.: National Archives Trust Fund board, 1991.
Handlin, Oscar. The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations That Made the American People. New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1951.
---. The American People in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1954.
---. Immigration as a Factor in American History. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1959.
-Hansen, Marcus L. The Atlantic Migration, 1607-1860. New York: Harper, 1961.
Harkness, George E. The Church and the Immigrant. New York: Doran, 1921.
Heaps, Willard A. The Story of Ellis Island. New York: Seabury Press, 1967.
Heaton, Elizabeth Putnam. Steerage. New York: L. Heaton, 1919.
Herbert, Mirana C., and Barbara McNeil. Biography Genealogy Master Index. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1980-.
History of the Immigration and Naturalization Service. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1980.
Hodges, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Hoglund, A. William. Immigrants and Their Children in the United States: A Bibliography of Doctoral Dissertations, 1885-1982. New York: Garland, 1986.
Holli, Melvin G., and Peter d'A. Jones, eds. The Ethnic Frontier. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans Publishers, 1977.
Hutchinson, E. P. Legislative History of American Immigration Policy, 1798-1965. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 1981.
Immigration and Naturalization Service. Foreign Versions, Variations, and Diminutives of English Names, Foreign Equivalents of United States Military and Civilian Titles. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1970.
---. An Immigrant Nation: United States Regulation of Immigration, 1798-1991. U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1991.
Johns, Stephanie Bernardo. The Ethnic Almanac. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1981.
Jones, Maldwyn. American Immigration. New York: Holt, Rinehart. and Winston, 1960.
---. Destination America. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976.
Kennedy, John F. A Nation of Immigrants. New York: Harper and Row, 1964.
Kettner, James H. The Development of American Citizenship, 1607-1870. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1978.
Kraut, Alan M. The Huddled Masses: The Immigrant in American Society, 1880-1921. Arlington Heights, Ill.: Harlan Davidson, 1982.
Kurian, George Thomas. Datapedia of the United States 1790-2000: America Year by Year. Lanham, Md.: Bernan Press, 1994.
Lieberson, Stanley. Ethnic Patterns in American Cities. New York: Free Press, 1963.
Lind, Marilyn. Immigration, Migration and Settlement in the United States: A Genealogical Guidebook. Cloquet, Minn.: Linden Tree, 1985.
Luckingham, Bradford. "Benevolence in Emergent San Francisco: A Note on Immigrant Life in the Urban Far West." Southern California Quarterly 55 (1973): 431-44.
Makower, Joel, ed. The American History Source Book. New York: Prentice Hall, 1987.
Marden, Charles F., and Gladys Meyer. Minorities in American Society. 4th ed. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1973.
Meyerink, Kory L. "Immigration Sources." In Printed Sources: A Guide to Published Genealogical Records, edited by Kory L. Meyerink. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1998.
Miller, Sally M. Ethnic Press in the United States: A Historical Analysis and Handbook. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987.
Miller, Wayne Charles. A Handbook of American Minorities. New York: New York University Press, 1976.
---, et al. A Comprehensive Bibliography for the Study of American Minorities. New York: New York University Press, 1976.
Montalto, Nicholas V. The International Institute Movement: A Guide to Records of Immigrant Society Agencies in the United States. St. Paul: Immigration History Research Center, 1978.
Moody, Suzanna, and Joel Wurl, eds. The Immigration History Research Center: A Guide to Collections. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.
Moreno, Barry. Encyclopedia of Ellis Island. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2004.
Morrison, Joan, and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It. 2nd ed. Pittsburg: University of Pittsburg Press, 1993.
National Historical Publications and Records Commission. Directory of Archives and Manuscript Repositories in the United States. 3rd ed. Phoenix: Oryx Press, 1990.
Neagles, James C. "Immigrant Ancestors." In The Library of Congress: A Guide to Genealogical and Historical Research. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1990.
Novotny, Ann. Strangers at the Door. Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1971.
Nugent, Walter. Crossings: The Great Transatlantic Migrations, 1870-1914. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992.
Periodical Source Index (PERSI). Fort Wayne, Ind.: Allen County Public Library Genealogy Department, 1987-.
Pfeiffer, Laura Szucs. Hidden Sources: Family History in Unlikely Places. Orem, Utah: Ancestry, 2000.
Powell, Sumner Chilton. Puritan Village: The Formation of a New England Town. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965.
Reimers, David M. Still the Golden Door: The Third World Comes to America. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
---. The Immigrant Experience. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1989.
Risch, Erna. "Immigrant Aid Societies Before 1820." Pennsylvania History 3 (January 1936): 15-32.
Rosen, Philip. The Neglected Dimension: Ethnicity in American Life. South Bend, Ind.: Notre Dame Press, 1980.
Scott, Franklin D. The Peopling of America: Perspectives on Immigration. Washington, D.C.: American Historical Society Association, 1972.
Silinonte, Joseph M. Bishop Loughlin's Dispensations, Diocese of Brooklyn, 1859-1866. Brooklyn, N.Y.: the author, 1996.
Slocum, Robert C. Biographical Dictionaries and Related Works. 2 vols. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1986.
Smith, Jessie C., ed. Ethnic Genealogy: A Research Guide. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1983.
Smith, Warren B. White Servitude in Colonial South Carolina. Danielsville, Ga.: Heritage Papers, 1972.
Sowell, Thomas. Ethnic America: A History. New York: Basic Books, 1981.
Szucs, Loretto Dennis. "Ethnic Sources." In Printed Sources: A Guide to Published Genealogical Records, edited by Kory L. Meyerink. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1998.
---. They Became Americans. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1998.
---, and Sandra Hargreaves Luebking. The Archives: A Guide to the National Archives Field Branches. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1988.
Taylor, Philip. The Distant Magnet: European Emigration to the U.S.A. New York: Harper and Row, 1971.
Thernstrom, Stephan. Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980.
Tift, Wilton, and Thomas Dunne. Ellis Island. New York: W. W. Norton, 1971.
Vecoli, Rudolph J., and Suzanne M. Sinke, eds. A Century of European Migrations, 1830-1930. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1991.
Wasserman, Paul, and Alice E. Kennington. Ethnic Information Sources of the United States: A Guide to Organizations, Agencies, Foundations, Institutions, Media, Commercial and Trade Bodies, Government Programs, Research Institutes, Libraries and Museums, Religious Organizations, Banking Firms, Festivals and Fairs, Travel and Tourist Offices, Airlines and Ship lines, Bookdealers and Publishers' Representatives, and Books, Pamphlets, and Audiovisuals on Specific Ethnic Groups. 2nd ed. 2 vols. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1983.
Wittke, Carl F. We Who Built America: The Saga of the Immigrant. Cleveland: Western Reserve University Press, 1964.
Wynar, Lubomyr R. Encyclopedic Directory of Ethnic Organizations in the United States. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1976.
---, and Anna T. Wynar. The Encyclopedic Directory of Ethnic Newspapers and Periodicals in the United States. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1976.
Yans-McLaughlin, Virginia, and Marjorie Lightman. Ellis Island and the Peopling of America: The Official Guide. New York: New York Press, 1997.
Published Passenger and Emigration Lists and Sources for Locating Ships
Anuta, Michael J. Ships of Our Ancestors. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1993.
Baca, Leo. Czech Immigration Passenger Lists. 4 vols. Richardson, Tex.: the compiler, 1983-91.
Boyer, Carl, III. Ship Passenger Lists. 4 vols. Newhall, Calif.: 1977-80.
Burgert, Annette K. Eighteenth-Century Emigrants From German-Speaking Lands to North America. Breinigsville, Pa.: Pennsylvania German Society, 1983-.
Cassady, Michael. New York Passenger Arrivals, 1849-1868. Papillion, Nebr.: Nimmo, 1983.
Coldham, Peter Wilson. The Complete Book of Bonded Passengers to America. 9 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1983-85.
Colletta, John P. They Came in Ships: A Guide to Finding Your Immigrant Ancestor's Arrival Record. Rev. 3rd ed. Orem, Utah: Ancestry, 2002.
Cutler, Carl C. Queens of the Western Ocean: The Story of America's Mail and Passenger Sailing Lines. Annapolis, Md.: U.S. Naval Institute, 1961.
Ferguson, Laraine K. "Hamburg, Germany, Gateway to Ancestral Home." German Genealogical Digest 2, no. 1 (first quarter 1986): 10-14.
Filby, P. William. Passenger and Immigration Lists Bibliography, 1538-1900: Being a Guide to Published Lists of Arrivals in the United States and Canada. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1988.
---, and Mary K. Meyer, eds. Passenger and Immigration Lists Index: A Guide to Published Arrival Records of More Than 1,775,000 Passengers Who Came to the New World Between the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Centuries. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1981. Supplements 1982-.
---, and Mary K. Meyer, eds. Passenger and Immigration Lists of Arrivals in the United States and Canada in the Seventeenth, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. 3 vols. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1981. Supplements 1982-.
Filby, P. William, Mary K. Meyer, and Dorothy M. Lower. Passenger and Immigration Lists Index. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1981- (including supplements).
-Glazier, Ira A., and Michael Tepper, eds. The Famine Immigrants: Lists of Irish Immigrants Arriving at U.S. Ports 1850-1855. 7 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1983-87.
---. Italians to America: Lists of Passengers Arriving at U.S. Ports, 1880-1899. 2 vols. to date. Wilmington, Del.: Scholarly Resources, 1992-.
---, and P. William Filby, eds. Germans to America: Lists of Passengers Arriving at U.S. Ports, 1850-1855. 28 vols. to date. Wilmington, Del.: Scholarly Resources, 1988-.
-Guillet, Edwin C. The Great Migration: The Atlantic Crossing by Sailing Ship Since 1770. Rev. ed. Toronto: University Press, 1963.
Hall, Charles M. Antwerp Emigration Index. Salt Lake City: Heritage International, 1986.
Haury, David A., ed. Index to Mennonite Immigrants on U.S. Passenger Lists, 1872-1904. North Newton, Kans.: Mennonite Library and Archives, 1986.
Immigration Information Bureau. Morton Allen Directory of European Passenger Steamship Arrivals. 1931; reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1993.
Jones, Hank Z, Jr. More Palatine Families: Some Immigrants to the Middle Colonies, 1717-1776, and Their European Origins. San Diego: the author, 1991.
Kludas, Arnold. Great Passenger Ships of the World. Translated by Charles Hodges. 6 vols. Cambridge, England: Patrick Stephens, 1975-86.
Lancour, Harold. Bibliography of Passenger Lists. New York: New York Public Library, 1937.
Mathias, P., and A. W. H. Pearsall. Shipping: A Survey of Historical Records. Newton Abbot, England: David and Charles, 1980.
McManus, J. Comal County, Texas, and New Braunfels, Texas German Immigrant Ships, 1845-1846. St. Louis: F. T. Ingmire, 1985.
Mitchell, Brian, comp. Irish Passenger Lists 1847-1871. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1988.
The Morton Allan Directory of European Passenger Steamship Arrivals. Immigrant Information Bureau, 1931.
National Archives Trust Fund Board. Immigrant and Passenger Arrivals: A Select Catalog of National Archives Publications. Revised. Washington, D.C., 1992.
Olsson, Nils William. Swedish Passenger Arrivals in New York, 1820-1850. Chicago: Swedish Pioneer Historical Society, 1967.
Owen, Robert Edward, ed. Luxemburgers in the New World. 2 vols. Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg: Editions Reliures Schortgen, 1987.
"Passenger Arrivals at Salem and Beverly, Massachusetts, 1798-1800." New England Historical Genealogical Register 106 (1952): 203-9.
Potter, Constance. "St. Albans Passenger Arrival Records." Prologue 22 (Spring 1990): 90-93.
Prins, Edward. Dutch and German Ships. Holland, Mich.: the compiler, 1972.
Rasmussen, Louis J. San Francisco Ship Passenger Lists. 4 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1978.
Reider, Milton P., and Norma Gaudet Rieder, eds. New Orleans Ship Lists. 2 vols. Metairie, La., 1966-68.
Rockett, Charles Whitlock. Some Shipboard Passengers of Captain John Rockett (1828-1841). Mission Viejo, Calif.: the compiler, 1983.
Schenk, Trudy, Ruth Froelke, and Inge Bork. The Wuerttemberg Emigration Index. 8 vols. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1988-2002.
Schrader-Muggenthaler, Cornelia. Alsace Emigration Book. 2 vols. Apollo, Pa.: Closson Press, 1989-91.
---. Baden Emigration Book. Apollo, Pa.: Closson Press, 1992.
Ships Passenger Lists, Port of Galveston, Texas, 1846-1871. Easley, S.C.: Southern Historical Press, 1984.
Smith, Clifford Neal. Reconstructed Passenger Lists for 1850: Hamburg to Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, and the United States. 4 vols. McNeal, Ariz.: Westland Publications, 1980.
Smith, Eugene W. Passenger Ships of the World, Past and Present. Boston: George H. Dean, 1978.
Steuart, Bradley W. Passenger Ships Arriving in New York Harbor (1820-1850). Bountiful, Utah: Precision Indexing, 1991.
Strassburger, Ralph Beaver, comp., and William John Hinke, ed. Pennsylvania German Pioneers: A Publication of the Original Lists of Arrivals in the Port of Philadelphia from 1727 to 1808. 3 vols. Norristown, Pa.: Pennsylvania German Society, 1934.
Sweiringa, Robert P., comp. Dutch Immigrants in U.S. Ship Passenger Manifests, 1820-1880: An Alphabetical Listing by Household Heads and Independent Persons. 2 vols. Wilmington, Del.: Scholarly Resources, 1983.
-Tepper, Michael, ed. Emigrants to Pennsylvania, 1641-1819: A Consolidation of Ship Passenger Lists from Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1978.
---. Immigrants to the Middle Colonies. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1978.
---. New World Immigrants: A Consolidation of Ship Passenger Lists from Periodical Literature. 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1988.
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---. Passenger Arrivals at the Port of Philadelphia, 1800-1819: The Philadelphia Baggage Lists. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1986.
---. American Passenger Arrival Records: A Guide to the Records of Immigrants Arriving at American Ports by Sail and Steam. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1993.
Wolfe, Richard. Bibliography of Passenger Lists. New York: New York Public Library, 1963.
Yoder, Don, ed. Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786: Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks of the Pennsylvania German Folklore Society. 1984; reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1989.
Zimmerman, Gary J., and Marion Wolfert. German Immigrants: Lists of Passengers Bound From Bremen to New York. 3 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1988.
Bockstruck, Lloyd deWitt. Denizations and Naturalizations in the British Colonies in America, 1607-1775. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2005.
Filby, P. William. Philadelphia Naturalization Records. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1982.
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Holcomb, Brent H. South Carolina Naturalizations, 1783-1850. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1985.
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Newman, John J. American Naturalization Records, 1790-1990: What They Are and How to Use Them. 2nd ed. Bountiful, Utah: Heritage Quest, 1998.
Schaefer, Christina K. Guide to Naturalization Records of the United States. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1997.
Scott, Kenneth. Early New York Naturalizations, 1790-1840. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1981.
Soundex Index to Naturalization Petitions for the United States District and Circuit Courts, Northern District of Illinois, and Immigration and Naturalization Service District 9, 1840-1950. National Archives Trust Fund Board, 1991.
Szucs, Loretto Dennis. They Became Americans. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1998.
---, and Sandra Hargreaves Luebking. The Archives: A Guide to the National Archives Field Branches. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1988.
Wolfe, Richard J. "The Colonial Naturalization Act of 1740; With a List of Persons Naturalized in New York Colony, 1740-1769." New York Genealogical and Biographical Record 94 (1963): 132-47.
Wyand, Jeffrey A., and Florence L. Wyand. Colonial Maryland Naturalizations. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1986.


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HONG KONG (MarketWatch) -- Sears Holdings Corp. SHLD, +1.53% said late Monday that Louis D'Ambrosio will step down as the retailer's chief executive for family health reasons at the end of the current fiscal year on Feb. 2. Edward Lampert will take over as the new CEO, in addition to his current role as the company's chairman. Sears also said it expects a net loss attributable to shareholders of between $280 million and $360 million, or $2.64 and $3.40 per diluted share, in the quarter ending Feb. 2. The loss would include an estimated non-cash charge of about $450 million related to pension settlements from the company's voluntary offer to term-vested employees, and $42 million of pension expense.
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ORLANDO, FL --The attorney representing Casey Anthony's parents says they haven't spoken with their daughter about her acquittal. George and Cindy Anthony's attorney, Mark Lippman, told ABC's "Good Morning America" on Wednesday they last spoke with Casey Anthony before the trial began.
The parents both testified repeatedly during their daughter's trial.
On Tuesday, a jury acquitted Casey Anthony in her daughter Caylee's death. Lippman says her parents were shocked that the jury found no evidence against her because prosecutors "did a fantastic job."
Lippman wouldn't answer whether the Anthonys believe their daughter killed Caylee. He denied the defense's claims that George Anthony and his son molested Casey.
Lippman said the Anthonys had hoped to get "some sliver of truth" about Caylee from their daughter during trial, but Casey didn't testify.


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Subject: Troubled Debt Restructurings
Date: April 5, 2012
To: Chief Executive Officers of All National Banks and Federal Savings Associations, Department and Division Heads, and All Examining Personnel
Description: Supervisory Guidance on Accounting and Reporting Requirements
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) is issuing this bulletin to national banks and federal savings associations (collectively, banks) to address many inquiries received from bankers and examiners on the accounting and reporting requirements for troubled debt restructurings (a TDR), especially related to loan renewals and extensions of substandard commercial loans.
The accounting standards for TDRs are set forth in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Subtopic 310-40, "Receivables—Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors." The following standards are discussed throughout this bulletin with the former references also listed here for your convenience.
Banks are reminded of the clarification issued by the FASB in Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2011–02, "Receivables: A Creditor's Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring."1
The supplemental call report instructions2 provide additional guidance on TDRs, including application of the ASU.
Determining whether a loan renewal, extension, workout, or other modification constitutes a TDR is particularly challenging during times of economic stress. This is especially true for loans classified as substandard3 for which the criteria for placement in nonaccrual status had not been met at or before the time of modification. This bulletin focuses on factors to consider when evaluating loans for TDR designation and considerations for the appropriateness of accrual status and impairment analyses. The information contained in this bulletin does not constitute new policy but serves as a refresher of the relevant concepts for evaluating whether a loan modification represents a TDR and the appropriate related reporting for call report purposes.4
I. All substandard loans on accrual status that are renewed, extended, or otherwise modified are not automatically considered to be TDRs.
There is a strong presumption that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties if his or her loan is graded substandard because by definition these loans have well-defined weaknesses. When renewing or modifying loans, including substandard, accruing loans, the bank must perform a documented analysis that illustrates whether the borrower is suffering financial difficulties and if the bank granted a concession that it would not otherwise consider as a result of the borrower's financial difficulties. Documentation for renewals, extensions or modifications that are determined not to be TDRs should be robust given the presumption that a substandard borrower is experiencing financial difficulties.
This position is consistent with the TDR guidance in ASU 2011–02. The following paragraphs from that update provide additional perspective.
II. Renewals, extensions, or modifications deemed to be TDRs must be evaluated for the appropriate impairment measurement under ASC Subtopic 310–10 to ensure that the allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL) and accrual status are appropriate and consistent with call report instructions.
Accrual Status
When a loan undergoes a TDR, the determination of the loan's accrual versus nonaccrual status following the modification depends on several factors. As with the risk rating process, the accrual status decision for such a loan is a separate and distinct process from the loan's TDR analysis and determination. In accordance with call report instructions, once the loan is restructured, a current, well-documented credit evaluation of the borrower's financial condition and prospects for repayment must be performed to assess the likelihood that all principal and interest payments required under the terms of the modified agreement will be collected in full. Bank management should consider the following in determining the accrual status of restructured loans:
Impairment Measurement
Loans that have undergone "troubled debt restructurings" are evaluated for impairment under ASC Subtopic 310–10. This includes loans that, before their restructuring, were not individually evaluated under ASC Subtopic 310–10 but were part of a pool evaluated in accordance with ASC Subtopic 450–20 (formerly known as FASB Statement No. 5). Although these loans will likely have an associated ALLL after their restructuring, this does not mean that all TDRs must be placed on or remain on nonaccrual. If a TDR meets the guidance above, it is eligible for accrual status either at the time of the restructuring or at a later date. When a loan not previously considered individually impaired is restructured and determined to be a TDR—absent a partial charge-off6 for the portion of the loan identified as uncollectible at the time of the restructuring—it generally is not appropriate for the impairment estimate on the loan to decline as a result of the change from the impairment measurement method prescribed in ASC Subtopic 450–20 to the methods prescribed in ASC Subtopic 310–10.
Following ASC Subtopic 310–10 and the call report instructions, if a loan that has undergone a TDR is not collateral dependent, impairment should be measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate (i.e., the present value method) or the loan's observable market price. For call report purposes, if the loan is collateral dependent (repayment of the loan is expected to be provided solely by the underlying collateral and there are no other available and reliable sources of repayment), impairment should be measured using the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell if those costs are expected to reduce the cash flows available to repay or otherwise satisfy the loan.
Impairment measurement for an individual TDR under ASC Subtopic 310–10 should consider all available information reflecting past events, including the charge-off history for similar types of loans included in the bank's ASC Subtopic 450–20 impairment estimate. Additionally, current conditions should be considered when the bank is developing the impairment estimate using the measurement method appropriate to the individual TDR (present value of expected future cash flows, fair value of collateral or observable market price). All available information would take into account existing "environmental" factors (e.g., industry, geographical, economic, and political factors) that are relevant and affect the collectability of the loan.
When calculating expected future cash flows for individual TDRs, an institution should consider whether it would be appropriate to use default and prepayment assumptions that would be relevant to an aggregated pool of loans with similar risk characteristics when individual cash flows are difficult to forecast. The objective of such a calculation is to provide a best estimate—at the individual loan level—of the expected cash flows. The bank's calculation should reflect that uncertainty about the timing and amount of cash flows of a TDR (due to the financial difficulties of the borrower) continues to exist following the modification.
Consistent with ASC Subtopic 310–10, TDRs may be aggregated and measured for impairment with other impaired loans that share common risk characteristics by using historical statistics, such as average recovery period and average amount recovered, along with a composite effective interest rate. However, the outcome of such an aggregation approach must be consistent with and should result in an impairment measurement similar to that which is prescribed in ASC Subtopic 310–10 for loans that are individually considered impaired.
III. Once a TDR, always a TDR?
Generally, until a loan that is a TDR is paid in full or otherwise settled, sold, or charged off, the loan must be reported as a TDR. However, the reporting (disclosure) of a loan as a TDR is a separate analysis from whether the modification must continue to be evaluated under ASC Subtopic 310-10.
A loan that is a TDR that has an interest rate consistent with market rates at the time of restructuring (for example, the A note in an A/B note split structure) and is in compliance with its modified terms need not continue to be reported (disclosed) as a TDR in calendar years after the year in which the restructuring took place, in accordance with ASC Subtopics 310–10–50–15(a) and 310–10–50–15(c). To be considered in compliance with its modified terms for call report purposes, a loan that is a TDR must be in accrual status and must be current or less than 30 days past due under the modified repayment terms. While loans meeting these conditions need not continue to be disclosed as TDRs in the call report in years after restructuring, the loans will continue to be deemed an impaired loan and must be evaluated under ASC Subtopic 310–10, as discussed above.
Additional Considerations
Banks should clearly document their policies and procedures for identifying and reviewing potential TDRs. For example, the procedures should address the process for flagging a modified or renewed loan for review, considering the factors to assess TDR status, and designating responsibility for the TDR decision. Banks should also clearly document and support the facts and circumstances analyzed for each modification or renewal and the conclusion reached.
The "Policy Statement on Prudent Commercial Real Estate Workouts" and the Bank Accounting Advisory Series include guidance about TDRs that may be helpful in considering whether a loan modification or renewal is a TDR.7
IV. How will loans designated as TDRs be analyzed?
A common question from examiners, bankers, and other users of financial statements and call reports is how to evaluate the credit risk of loan modifications that are determined to be TDRs (i.e., do all TDRs have higher credit risk than non-TDR loans?) The answer may vary, so it is important not to rely on the TDR designation as the best indicator of the degree of credit risk in a loan. Consideration should be given to the TDR disclosures in the call report, which distinguish between those TDRs on accrual status and in compliance with their modified terms (included in Schedule RC–C, Part I, Memorandum Item 1) and those TDRs on nonaccrual and/or not in compliance with their modified terms (Schedule RC–N, Memorandum Item 1). This latter memorandum item is a subset of the past-due and nonaccrual loans reported in the body of Schedule RC–N and should not be double counted when analyzing the data in this schedule.
Additional Information
If you have questions, please contact your supervisory office, the Office of the Chief Accountant at (202) 649-6280, or the Credit and Market Risk Department at (202) 649-6360.
Kathy Murphy
Darrin Benhart
1 This became effective in the third quarter of 2011 for public banks and in the first quarter of 2012 for calendar year-end nonpublic banks. The ASU provides additional guidance to help creditors determine if the two TDR criteria have been met: (1) whether a concession has been granted to a borrower and (2) whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties.
2 www.fdic.gov/news/news/financial/2011/fil11077a.pdf
3 Under the agencies' regulatory classification guidelines, "substandard" assets are defined as assets that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
4 The call report instructions contain certain specific reporting guidance that falls within the range of acceptable practice under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). These instructions have been adopted to achieve safety and soundness and other public policy objectives and to ensure comparability. Current call reporting instructions providing such specific reporting guidance related to loans include the nonaccrual rules, the treatment of impaired collateral dependent loans, and the allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL), which references the 2006 Interagency Policy statement on the ALLL, available at www.occ.gov/news-issuances/bulletins/2006/bulletin-2006-47a.pdf.
5 For example, an interest rate of 5 percent recently provided to a good quality borrower is not a market rate of interest for a borrower rated substandard as the rate must be commensurate with the credit risk of the borrower.
6 In general, any portion of the recorded investment in an impaired collateral dependent loan (including recorded accrued interest, net deferred loan fees or costs, and unamortized premium or discount) in excess of the fair value of the collateral that can be identified as uncollectible should be promptly charged off against the allowance for loan and lease losses.
7 The "Policy Statement on Prudent Commercial Real Estate Loan Workouts" can be found at www.occ.gov/news-issuances/bulletins/2009/bulletin-2009-128a.pdf. The Bank Accounting Advisory Series can be found at www.occ.gov/topics/bank-operations/accounting/index-accounting.html.


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FOX Business: Capitalism Lives Here
U.S. stocks pared their losses but still ended Thursday in the red amid concerns out of Europe.
Continue Reading Below
Today's Markets
The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 70.54 points, or 0.42%, to 16915, the S&P 500 dropped 8.15 points, or 0.41%, to 1964, and the Nasdaq Composite slipped 22.83 points, or 0.52%, to 4396.
A subsidiary of Banco Espírito Santo reportedly missed a coupon payment on short-term debt, sparking concerns about the eurozone country's banking sector. The news reports sent Banco Espírito Santo's shares plummeting more than 15%, and pulled stocks trading across the 18-member currency bloc down around 2%.
Perhaps more worrisome, traders yanked funds out of Portuguese debt, with the yield on the country's benchmark 10-year bonds jumping as much as 0.19-percentage point, according to data from Barclays. Other periphery nations took a hit, as well.
"The ripple effect to the entire European bank sector is clearly evident," Peter Boockvar, chief market analyst at The Lindsey Group, wrote in a note to clients, pointing to the widening periphery spreads and steep drops among eurozone bank stocks.
Reports on industrial production in Europe helped fuel concerns over the region's economic recovery. Italy, France and the Netherlands each saw industrial production contract in May, while Italy fell the most since November 2012. Earlier this week, Germany said industrial production in the eurozone's largest economy booked its sharpest decline in two years.
Investors took cover in German and U.S. debt, sending the borrowing costs on those two issues falling, in a move that was reminiscent of the eurozone debt crisis. The yield on the benchmark 10-year Treasury note dropped 0.04-percentage points to 2.51%. Traders also jumped into gold, which rose $14.20, or 1.1%, to $1,338 a troy ounce.
The CBOE's volatility index climbed roughly 9% after touching its highest level since early May. There are three times as many trades in declining shares as there are in rising shares, indicating a widespread selloff.
A better-than-expected report on initial jobless claims and wholesale inventories that met expectations helped Wall Street pare some of its losses.
The U.S. Department of Labor said the number of Americans filing for first-time unemployment benefits fell 11,000 to 304,000 during the week ended July 5. Economists expected jobless claims to remain level at 315,000.
Wholesale inventories rose 0.5% in May, matching estimates. Excluding automobiles, inventories were up 0.3%. Economists will factor in the report when making projections for gross domestic product.
In commodities, West Texas Intermediate crude oil settled 64 cents higher at $102.93 a barrel. Earlier in the session, U.S. oil futures were on pace to complete their longest losing streak in 30 years. Wholesale New York Harbor gasoline climbed 0.7% to $2.95 a gallon.