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- Carolyn Berry: Hall is valued for work with BVSD
- Dr. Joe Meckle: Emma Hall is an asset to Boulder County Coroner's Office
- Amy Hoh: Boland family backs coroner Emma Hall
- Robert A. Kurtzman: Emma Hall brings conviction, commitment, dedication to job
- Stan Garnett: Emma Hall is an innovative coroner for Boulder County
- Betty Reiss: Deron Dempsey has compassion
- Deron Dempsey: Meaningful change in coroner's office
- Amber Grantham: Hall's management style not right for Coroner's Office
- Emma Hall: Clearing up confusion about coroner's job
- William M. Marine: Democratic Caucus -- Time for a new coroner in Boulder
Editor's note: As Boulder County Democrats prepare for their assembly on Saturday in Louisville, the two Democratic contestants in the county coroner's race are trading barbs. Challenger Deron Dempsey says that incumbent Emma Hall lacks compassion for families. Hall counters that Dempsey worked in the poorly run office that she inherited. This year's contest is unusually antagonistic and is providing the public a rare behind-the-scenes look at how the office operates.
Emma Hall's job is at stake.
For the past three years, Hall has served as the Boulder County Coroner, an elected office charged with investigating and chronicling death in the county.
Since taking the helm from former coroner Tom Faure in January 2011, she has remained largely out of the public eye, raising eyebrows for taking longer than the previous administration to confirm the identities of decedents and announcing the reasons for their deaths. The timeline extended from days under her predecessor to weeks or months.
She spent much of her first years in office shying from the media. Quietly, some in law enforcement whispered to reporters about strained relationships and slow feedback and inherited staff in the office that had completely turned over with her at the helm. However, she also secured funding and led planning for a new stand-alone coroner's facility and morgue expected to break ground this year.
One of the former staffers who left the office after she took over would like her job and is asking Boulder County voters to give it to him. Deron Dempsey left the Boulder County Coroner's Office just months after Hall took over. He worked for six years under Faure and has the former coroner's endorsement for the post. Dempsey said the office has lost a focus on service for families and he is concerned about feedback he has received about the office's work with grieving families under Hall.
Since he declared his run, he noted, two families have written letters to newspapers endorsing Dempsey and criticizing Hall's administration. A former employee has done the same. Yet, Hall also has had supporters step forward to defend her work.
Hall's re-election campaign to date has been understated, but after enduring public criticism in the opinion pages, she spoke out last week about the work she has done and the responsibility she says her opponent bears for the "mess" she inherited — and carefully documented — when she started work in January 2011.
Hall, now 37, ran for the office in 2010 as an independent and bested another unaffiliated candidate, Daniel Pruett, for the post. This year, she is running as a Democrat and faces Dempsey on her own party's ticket. With no other candidates declared, the race likely will be determined by the June 25 Democratic primary.
Prior to her election, Hall said she had never been beyond the front conference room of the Boulder County Coroner's Office and was unprepared for the scene she walked into on her first day of work on Jan. 11, 2011. What she found prompted her to take photos of the office, the morgue at Boulder Community Hospital and old storage areas to document her starting point, she said.
Hall said she found unfinished and unsigned death reports dating back at least 10 years. Ultimately, those unfinished reports filled 40 banker's boxes. The reports documented the coroner's investigation, findings and actions on individual death cases.
"It is national standard for a coroner's office or medical examiner's office to compile a comprehensive report on all the findings of a case," she wrote in an email to the Times-Call to explain the documentation system. "These reports include information on the background of the case, how the decedent was found, witness information, contact with family and who requested the coroner's involvement, etc."
She said the reports are also used to track property and evidence and the chain of custody on those items for legal use.
"At the Boulder County Coroner's Office the final reports of death are reviewed when determining the manner and cause of death. Without a comprehensive report of death there is no documentation and accurate picture of how the manner and cause of death were determined," she wrote, saying she requires investigators now to file a preliminary report within 24 hours of a death.
Additionally, she recounted finding "stashes of medications," some of which were narcotics, dated 2003 through 2011, that had been collected from death scenes. There was no inventory for the medications, which Hall said can sometimes play into a cause of death.
She also said she found decedents' property dating back to 1983 that had never been returned to the families, as well as unmarked evidence from scenes, hundreds of driver's licenses from decedents that had never been returned to the state, and a "bag of ligatures," apparently collected from suicide scenes, but those weren't labeled, either.
High profile criminal cases were shoved into a cabinet in former coroner Tom Faure's office and "John Doe" cases were in boxes piled in an investigator's work area, she said.
"To me it is just a disgrace," she said. "You would open up a door and be scared of what was going to fall out."
Beyond the paperwork, she said she found a refrigerator in the office that was literally stuffed to overflowing with toxicology samples of blood, urine and gastric content taken from the dead for testing. When she visited the morgue facility at Boulder Community Hospital, Hall recounted finding buckets of specimens — samples of organs and tissues in formaldehyde taken during autopsies — dating back as far as 20 years, although non-criminal cases and cases not related to sudden infant death syndrome could have been destroyed after three. Some of those plastic buckets had deteriorated and leaked their contents onto those stored below. There was no inventory, she said.
"We spent basically every weekend of my first year in office to get this particular mess cleaned up," she said.
Those specimen buckets for criminal cases, SIDS deaths and undetermined deaths are now inventoried and kept in a locked storage area at the Boulder County Justice Center. Old and unneeded specimens were destroyed. New cases are inventoried by year and the specimens are in smaller glass jars with screw-top lids aimed at preventing leakage, she said.
She said she used the photos to create a binder presentation that she took to Boulder County commissioners in April 2011.
"I met with each one of them individually," she said. "I was able to say I need help. I was able to get the chief deputy position. I was able to get the sixth investigator."
Commissioners at the time were Will Toor, Ben Pearlman and Cindy Domenico, all Democrats. Domenico is the only commissioner still in office, but she did not return calls seeking comment about the presentation.
Emma Hall
Education: Metropolitan State College of Denver, bachelor's degree in criminalistics, 2006. Certified death investigator, certified aquatic death and homicidal drowning investigator. Additional training in crime scene investigation, evidence analysis, elder abuse, fingerprint identification, blood stain pattern analysis, forensic anthropology, mass fatality and emergency management and investigations for hazardous environments.
Age: 37
Experience: Boulder County Coroner, 2011-present; Adams County deputy coroner death investigator, pathology technician, and field training officer, Jan. 2007-July 2008; Denver Police Department crime lab and crime scene investigation internship, May - Dec., 2005.
Notable endorsements: Boulder County District Attorney Stan Garnett; Louisville Police Chief Bruce Goodman; Heath Carroll, Carroll-Lewellen Funeral and Cremation Services; Colorado State Rep. Dicky Lee Hullinghorst, D-Boulder
Website: emmahall.org
Hall said she didn't go public with her findings before this election cycle because she thought it would be hurtful to the community to find out about the conditions behind the scenes at the coroner's office. She said she thought she could fix the issues. Public attacks on her work during the election cycle changed that.
"I want to speak my truth and say this is what the office was like, this is what we have done, this is where we are headed and this is really important to Boulder County," she said.
She added that the problems she found extended to the vehicles the investigators used to respond to scenes. A minivan used to remove bodies was crowded with disorganized supplies and would have placed the decedent snug against it. A second vehicle, a pickup truck with a camper shell, wasn't supplied to properly handle a removal. As a result, she said, it appeared it wasn't used. Both vehicles were updated with equipment and fully supplied and a third acquired.
Investigators were also difficult to reach because of outdated cell phones that weren't on the same network.
Hall lays some of the blame for the conditions at the feet of Dempsey, her opponent, who worked in the office when Hall arrived.
"I am not sure if they think I won't stand on my own record or if they just don't think I have a way of proving what the office was like when I took over," she said. "If someone is going to run and oppose me, then they need to stand on their track record as well and they need to take responsibility for their part in this mess."
Dempsey, she said, could have spoken up about conditions if he had an issue with them. Hall said he could have started by completing his own reports.
"Oh, he was aware," she said. "He was part of the problem."
Hall said if she had worked in the office under those conditions she would have spoken up to make changes.
"I think anyone in that office could have stood up and said this is a problem."
She said the cleanup and organization of the cases has taken up much of her time in the office and she feels she is only now getting to the point where she thought she was starting before she walked in in January 2011.
"I am surprised to have someone who was part of this office and this big of a mess decide that they want to run for office," she said. "It has been a very big job to come and clean this up."
Dempsey, who currently works full time nights and weekends as an investigator for the Jefferson County Coroner's Office, said he can't take responsibility for the office that Hall took over. Faure was the administrator and set policies, he said.
"I was responsible for the case load that I managed, and I managed it appropriately," Dempsey said. "I wasn't the coroner. I can talk about what I can do in the future."
Faure, who is endorsing Dempsey, would not address the specifics of Hall's accusations. He said that what Hall claims cannot be verified and that her release of the information is purely political. "I'm not the candidate," Faure said.
Dempsey admitted that some of his reports were among those that Hall found incomplete.
"There was some lag time to get the internal documentation completed," he said. "Again, it was an internal document."
Before he was hired as an investigator for the Boulder County Coroner's Office in 2004, Dempsey worked for Boulder's Attention Homes, which served at-risk youths in a residential treatment facility. He worked as a volunteer firefighter with Boulder Rural Fire District and earned an EMT certification.
He has a degree in criminal justice and said much of his initial work as an investigator was on-the-job training under Faure.
"I was new to the field," he said. "I had some relative course work in college. It was on-the-job training."
He said he started working as a front-line investigator under Faure and learned scene investigations to collect information about the circumstances of a death and the social and medical history of the decedent. He learned photographic documentation, initial examinations and how to speak with next of kin.
"It is our responsibility to provide that documentation in order to decide how a case is going to move through our system," he said. "Essentially, we're gathering the information to accurately determine the cause and manner of death."
He said he is concerned about the coroner's office's relationship with stakeholders in Boulder County. He said he has heard tales of families who felt they were interrogated by investigators and felt disrespected by Hall's staff.
"I have heard a lot of stories that were second or third hand," he said, noting he read one letter to the editor in the Daily Camera about a bad experience and later reached out to the writer, who had endorsed him before they met.
He said Hall's move to get uniforms and badges for investigators gives a false impression that they are law enforcement representatives, which may be intimidating for family and witnesses. The uniforms could lead family or witnesses to withhold information about perceived illegal behaviors, he said, such as drug use. He would get rid of the uniforms.
Dempsey said the turnover in the office is a red flag. All of Faure's staff left after Hall took over. Dempsey says that Hall has an inexperienced staff who treat all deaths as potentially criminal.
"You have to be focused on professional development," he said. "The work we do is very important."
Dempsey moved from the Boulder County Coroner's Office to work part time as a death investigator in Jefferson County. He said he wants to take the lessons he learned while working under Faure and Hall and then in his new role to change the demeanor of the Boulder County Coroner's Office.
"It is more about philosophy, approach and experience," he said. "That is where I really differentiate myself."
He said Hall had only 18 months of practical experience in a coroner's office in Adams County before she was elected. He said he would start in the position with 10 years.
He does credit her with cleaning up the office and arranging for a new facility. He said the conditions she inherited were "not OK."
Dempsey said he looks forward to expanding the office into the new quarters and has reviewed the blueprints with county architects.
Michael Murphy of Murphy & Associates Funeral Directors in Boulder supports Dempsey's candidacy and said he believes Hall's inexperience has set the office back. He points to a bid process for body removal for the coroner's office. A Boulder mortuary, Greenwood & Myers, won the bid, he noted, which could put them in a position to develop their funeral business by getting direct access to families after a death.
Dempsey said he hasn't yet researched the issue in depth and can't speak to the criticism directly. Hall said Greenwood & Myers beat out two Denver-based vendors and that the contract requires that they use unmarked vehicles and cannot interact with families in a capacity other than removal on behalf of the office. She said the county purchasing department assisted with the bid.
The coroner's office works with families, funeral homes, hospitals, hospices, law enforcement, the Boulder County District Attorney's Office and other agencies. Dempsey cited complaints he has heard about Hall from many of these stakeholders. Two families, he noted, wrote public letters to the editor citing complaints. Hall has also received public support in letters to the editor and endorsements.
Murphy said he plans to be a vocal critic of Hall as the election season moves forward. He said families his business serves have been upset by her staff's treatment of them and he believes Dempsey will return the office to a public-service focus.
"We have had families that have reported rudeness and actually being hung up on by people in that office," he said. "This is ongoing."
Deron Dempsey
Education: Ohio Northern University, bachelor's degree in criminal justice, 1999; St. Louis University School of Medicine's medicolegal death investigator training course, 2005. Additional training in elder abuse, mass fatality, child fatality, mediolegal death investigation, hazmat awareness and fingerprint analysis.
Age: 37
Experience: Jefferson County coroner investigator, 2011-present, Boulder County medical investigator 2004-2011.
Notable endorsements: Former Boulder County Coroner Tom Faure; former Boulder County Sheriff George Epp; former Boulder County Coroner and forensic pathologist John Meyer; Michael Murphy, funeral director and owner of M.P. Murphy & Associates
Website: dempseyforcoroner.com
Murphy said he feels that both Hall and her staff lack training.
"I don't think in my career I have experienced so much turmoil, particularly in my client families," he said.
He also cited delays in death certificates along with his feelings about the body removal.
He called it "reprehensible" that Hall has brought up the conditions of the office that she found in 2011, as she is running against Dempsey, not Faure.
Faure declined to address any of the specific issues Hall claims she found in the office that he ran and said there is no way of proving that the photos she released are of the facilities as he left them. He declined to review the photos.
"This is an issue between candidates," he said. "I have no way to verify any of the things you have been told. Bottom line."
The release of the information, Faure said, is political.
"The fact that we are in the middle of a campaign should make anyone pause," he said.
Since he left the office, he said, he has heard complaints similar to those Murphy and Dempsey recounted.
"People sought me out," Faure said.
He added that everyone in the office he left had more experience than Hall did.
Hall defended the turnover during her tenure and said conditions improved each time one of Faure's investigators left.
"The turnover has been portrayed as a very negative thing for the office, but in all actuality it has solved much bigger problems," she said.
That included workflow issues, she said.
Boulder District Attorney Stan Garnett, also a Democrat, is publicly supporting Hall's re-election. He said he knew of the conditions of the office because she brought them to him, but he did not speak out publicly about it because he was new to his own role at the time. He said he was "disturbed and very concerned" and felt that office had been neglected "and it urgently needed to be modernized."
However, Garnett said, he would have made waves if the condition of the specimens and their handling had complicated any criminal prosecutions. He said under Hall's administration he is no longer worried about the conditions that evidence may be stored in.
"Emma has done a very good job and put a lot of effort into making certain those basic protocols in the coroner's office are addressed," he said.
Coroner's evidence could affect the outcome of a criminal case if there was any question about who had access to the specimens or if they had been contaminated in any way by other specimens. He said the issues Hall found might have been overlooked because the coroner is typically left to his or her work without much outside examination.
"I do think there is a tendency in Boulder County politics not to pay much attention to offices like the coroner," Garnett said.
In Colorado, there is no state oversight of the coroner's office or its facilities.
Heath Carroll, funeral director with Carroll-Lewellen Funeral & Cremation Services in Longmont, said his staff seeks feedback from families about the coroner. They haven't had negative reports, he said.
He said he believes Hall has done well in the role.
"I think she has made a lot of changes to the office, a lot of good changes," Carroll said. "She runs an organized office and she holds her investigators accountable."
He said he feels like Hall has hired a "great staff" and that he believes it is normal for staff to turn over when a new coroner is elected, noting that he works with coroners in several counties. Carroll said she has worked long and hard on new facilities and deserves a chance to finish the job. He said he knows Dempsey, as well, and called him a good candidate.
Other stakeholders, such as law enforcement and medical personnel, either did not return calls seeking comment on their relationship with the coroner's office or said they would like to stay away from the politics.
Boulder County Sheriff Joe Pelle said he and his staff will remain neutral.
"In order to hopefully preserve a positive working relationship with whoever wins this race, I have decided not to publicly endorse either candidate," he wrote in response to a Times-Call inquiry. "Reporting positive or negative feedback to you will be measured in political terms at this stage of the game, and I would just rather not get involved, or involve my officers or deputies in the contest."
Longmont Police Cmdr. Jeff Satur said the Longmont Police Department is taking the same stance.
A former coroner investigator who publicly endorsed Dempsey in a published letter declined to comment additionally on the race. Amber Grantham said it would be better to let the candidates speak about the race.
Contact Times-Call staff writer Pierrette J. Shields at 303-684-5273 or email@example.com


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Adaptation to Current and Future Climate in Pastoral Communities Across Africa
Edna Wangui
Pastoralists around the world are exposed to climate change and increasing climate variability. Various downscaled regional climate models in Africa support community reports of rising temperatures as well as changes in the seasonality of rainfall and drought. In addition to climate, pastoralists have faced a second exposure to unsupportive policy environments. Dating back to the colonial period, a lack of knowledge about pastoralism and a systemic marginalization of pastoral communities influenced the size and nature of government investments in pastoral lands. National governments prioritized farming communities and failed to pay adequate attention to drylands and pastoral communities. The limited government interventions that occurred were often inconsistent with contemporary realities of pastoralism and pastoral communities. These included attempts at sedentarization and modernization, and in other ways changing the priorities and practices of pastoral communities.
The survival of pastoral communities in Africa in the context of this double exposure has been a focus for scholars, development practitioners, as well as national governments in recent years. Scholars initially drew attention to pastoralists' drought-coping strategies, and later examined the multiple ways in which pastoralists manage risk and exploit unpredictability. It has been learned that pastoralists are rational land managers whose experience with variable climate has equipped them with the skills needed for adaptation. Pastoralists follow several identifiable adaptation paths, including diversification and modification of their herds and herding strategies; adoption of livelihood activities that did not previously play a permanent role; and a conscious decision to train the next generation for nonpastoral livelihoods. Ongoing government interventions around climate change still prioritize cropping over herding. Sometimes, such nationally supported adaptation plans can undermine community-based adaptation practices, autonomously evolving within pastoral communities. Successful adaptation hinges on recognition of the value of autonomous adaptation and careful integration of such adaptation with national plans.
Adaptive Governance
Ronald D. Brunner and Amanda H. Lynch
Adaptive governance is defined by a focus on decentralized decision-making structures and procedurally rational policy, supported by intensive natural and social science. Decentralized decision-making structures allow a large, complex problem like global climate change to be factored into many smaller problems, each more tractable for policy and scientific purposes. Many smaller problems can be addressed separately and concurrently by smaller communities. Procedurally rational policy in each community is an adaptation to profound uncertainties, inherent in complex systems and cognitive constraints, that limit predictability. Hence planning to meet projected targets and timetables is secondary to continuing appraisal of incremental steps toward long-term goals: What has and hasn't worked compared to a historical baseline, and why? Each step in such trial-and-error processes depends on politics to balance, if not integrate, the interests of multiple participants to advance their common interest—the point of governance in a free society. Intensive science recognizes that each community is unique because the interests, interactions, and environmental responses of its participants are multiple and coevolve. Hence, inquiry focuses on case studies of particular contexts considered comprehensively and in some detail.
Varieties of adaptive governance emerged in response to the limitations of scientific management, the dominant pattern of governance in the 20th century. In scientific management, central authorities sought technically rational policies supported by predictive science to rise above politics and thereby realize policy goals more efficiently from the top down. This approach was manifest in the framing of climate change as an "irreducibly global" problem in the years around 1990. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established to assess science for the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The parties negotiated the Kyoto Protocol that attempted to prescribe legally binding targets and timetables for national reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. But progress under the protocol fell far short of realizing the ultimate objective in Article 1 of the UNFCCC, "stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference in the climate system." As concentrations continued to increase, the COP recognized the limitations of this approach in Copenhagen in 2009 and authorized nationally determined contributions to greenhouse gas reductions in the Paris Agreement in 2015.
Adaptive governance is a promising but underutilized approach to advancing common interests in response to climate impacts. The interests affected by climate, and their relative priorities, differ from one community to the next, but typically they include protecting life and limb, property and prosperity, other human artifacts, and ecosystem services, while minimizing costs. Adaptive governance is promising because some communities have made significant progress in reducing their losses and vulnerability to climate impacts in the course of advancing their common interests. In doing so, they provide field-tested models for similar communities to consider. Policies that have worked anywhere in a network tend to be diffused for possible adaptation elsewhere in that network. Policies that have worked consistently intensify and justify collective action from the bottom up to reallocate supporting resources from the top down. Researchers can help realize the potential of adaptive governance on larger scales by recognizing it as a complementary approach in climate policy—not a substitute for scientific management, the historical baseline.
Aerosols and Climate
Bjørn H. Samset
Among the factors that affect the climate, few are as diverse and challenging to understand as aerosols. Minute particles suspended in the atmosphere, aerosols are emitted through a wide range of natural and industrial processes, and are transported around the globe by winds and weather. Once airborne, they affect the climate both directly, through scattering and absorption of solar radiation, and indirectly, through their impact on cloud properties. Combining all their effects, anthropogenic changes to aerosol concentrations are estimated to have had a climate impact over the industrial era that is second only to CO2. Their atmospheric lifetime of only a few days, however, makes their climate effects substantially different from those of well-mixed greenhouse gases.
Major aerosol types include sea salt, dust, sulfate compounds, and black carbon—or soot—from incomplete combustion. Of these, most scatter incoming sunlight back to space, and thus mainly cool the climate. Black carbon, however, absorbs sunlight, and therefore acts as a heating agent much like a greenhouse gas. Furthermore, aerosols can act as cloud condensation nuclei, causing clouds to become whiter—and thus more reflecting—further cooling the surface. Black carbon is again a special case, acting to change the stability of the atmosphere through local heating of the upper air, and also changing the albedo of the surface when it is deposited on snow and ice, for example.
The wide range of climate interactions that aerosols have, and the fact that their distribution depends on the weather at the time and location of emission, lead to large uncertainties in the scientific assessment of their impact. This in turn leads to uncertainties in our present understanding of the climate sensitivity, because while aerosols have predominantly acted to oppose 20th-century global warming by greenhouse gases, the magnitude of aerosol effects on climate is highly uncertain.
Finally, aerosols are important for large-scale climate events such as major volcanoes, or the threat of nuclear winter. The relative ease with which they can be produced and distributed has led to suggestions for using targeted aerosol emissions to counteract global warming—so-called climate engineering.
Affective Imagery, Risk Perceptions, and Climate Change Communication
Anthony Leiserowitz and Nicholas Smith
Affective imagery, or connotative meanings, play an important role in shaping public risk perceptions, policy support, and broader responses to climate change. These simple "top-of-mind" associations and their related affect help reveal how diverse audiences understand and interpret global warming. And as a relatively simple set of measures, they are easily incorporated into representative surveys, making it possible to identify, measure, and monitor how connotative meanings are distributed throughout a population and how they change over time. Affective image analysis can help identify distinct interpretive communities of like-minded individuals who share their own set of common meanings and interpretations. The images also provide a highly sensitive measure of changes in public discourse. As scientists, political elites, advocates, and the media change the frames, images, icons, and emotions they use to communicate climate change, they can influence the interpretations of the larger public. Likewise, as members of the public directly or vicariously experience specific events or learn more about climate risks, they construct their own connotative meanings, which can in turn influence larger currents of public discourse. This article traces the development of affective imagery analysis, reviews the studies that have implemented it, examines how affective images influence climate change risk perceptions and policy support, and charts several future directions of research.
Agenda Building, Narratives, and Attention Cycles in Climate Change News Coverage
James Shanahan
Social scientists and media critics have often been befuddled about how and why news coverage of important issues takes the shapes that it does. While some issues seem to behave according to well-established patterns, others don't. The issue of climate change is one that has been explained in numerous ways, often from a cyclical perspective. This perspective suggests that news attention naturally varies up and down, often cued by certain focusing events that draw attention for a time, after which attention wanes again. These observations are usually matched with the perspective that attention should normatively not be cyclical, that the issue is one that deserves continuous attention until it is resolved.
All of this is in the context that there are significant doubts about the objective role of newsmakers in this process. Climate change is an issue that has cut across a period of news evolution in which objectively neutral news has become even less prominent than it once was, if it ever was. News outlets with specific ideological agendas, a plethora of bloggers and websites with an axe to grind, and a variety of conspiracy theories about climate have obscured how news can even hope to cover this issue. With "belief" in climate change now becoming an important token of how one identifies oneself politically, we can wonder whether the issue can ever receive a fair hearing from a scientific perspective.
Agricultural Extension and Climate Change Communication
Linda S. Prokopy, Wendy-Lin Bartels, Gary Burniske, and Rebecca Power
Agricultural extension has evolved over the last 200 years from a system of top-down dissemination of information from experts to farmers to a more complex system, in which a diversity of knowledge producers and farmers work together to co-produce information. Following a detailed history of the evolution of extension in the United States, this article describes an example from the southeastern United States that illustrates how innovative institutional arrangements enable land-grant universities to actively engage farmers and extension agents as key partners in the knowledge generation process. A second U.S. example shows that private retailers are more influential than extension in influencing large-scale farmers' farm management decisions in the midwestern United States. However, these private retailers trust extension as a source of climate change information and thus partnerships are important for extension. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have been an important source of extension services for smallholder farmers across the world, and examples from the NGO CARE indicate that a participatory and facilitative approach works well for climate change communication. Collectively, these examples emphasize that the role of agricultural extension in climate change communication is essential in the context of both developed and developing countries and with both smallholder farmers and large-scale farmers. These case studies illustrate the effectiveness of a co-production approach, the importance of partners and donors, and the changing landscape of agricultural extension delivery.
The Arts and Humanities in Climate Change Engagement
Julia B. Corbett and Brett Clark
The communication strategy of simply sharing more scientific information has not effectively engaged and connected people to climate change in ways that facilitate understanding and encourage action. In part, this is because climate change is a so-called wicked problem, given that it is socially complex, has many interdependencies, and lacks simple solutions. For many people, climate change is generally seen as something abstract and distant—something that they know about, but do not "feel." The arts and humanities can play an important role in disrupting the social and cultural worldviews that filter climate information and separate the public from the reality of climate change. Whether it is the visual arts, dance, theater, literature, comedy, or film, the arts and humanities present engaging stories, corporally sensed and felt experiences, awareness of interdependency with the world, emotional meanings, and connection with place. Climate stories, especially those based on lived experiences, offer distinct ways to engage a variety of senses. They allow the "invisibility" of climate change to be seen, felt, and imagined in the past, present, and future. They connect global issues to conditions close to home and create space to grieve and experience loss. They encourage critical reflection of existing social structures and cultural and moral norms, thus facilitating engagement beyond the individual level. The arts and humanities hold great potential to help spur necessary social and cultural change, but research is needed on their reach and efficacy.
Atmospheric Blocking in Observation and Models
Stefano Tibaldi and Franco Molteni
The atmospheric circulation in the mid-latitudes of both hemispheres is usually dominated by westerly winds and by planetary-scale and shorter-scale synoptic waves, moving mostly from west to east. A remarkable and frequent exception to this "usual" behavior is atmospheric blocking. Blocking occurs when the usual zonal flow is hindered by the establishment of a large-amplitude, quasi-stationary, high-pressure meridional circulation structure which "blocks" the flow of the westerlies and the progression of the atmospheric waves and disturbances embedded in them. Such blocking structures can have lifetimes varying from a few days to several weeks in the most extreme cases. Their presence can strongly affect the weather of large portions of the mid-latitudes, leading to the establishment of anomalous meteorological conditions. These can take the form of strong precipitation episodes or persistent anticyclonic regimes, leading in turn to floods, extreme cold spells, heat waves, or short-lived droughts. Even air quality can be strongly influenced by the establishment of atmospheric blocking, with episodes of high concentrations of low-level ozone in summer and of particulate matter and other air pollutants in winter, particularly in highly populated urban areas.
Atmospheric blocking has the tendency to occur more often in winter and in certain longitudinal quadrants, notably the Euro-Atlantic and the Pacific sectors of the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, blocking episodes are generally less frequent, and the longitudinal localization is less pronounced than in the Northern Hemisphere.
Blocking has aroused the interest of atmospheric scientists since the middle of the last century, with the pioneering observational works of Berggren, Bolin, Rossby, and Rex, and has become the subject of innumerable observational and theoretical studies. The purpose of such studies was originally to find a commonly accepted structural and phenomenological definition of atmospheric blocking. The investigations went on to study blocking climatology in terms of the geographical distribution of its frequency of occurrence and the associated seasonal and inter-annual variability. Well into the second half of the 20th century, a large number of theoretical dynamic works on blocking formation and maintenance started appearing in the literature. Such theoretical studies explored a wide range of possible dynamic mechanisms, including large-amplitude planetary-scale wave dynamics, including Rossby wave breaking, multiple equilibria circulation regimes, large-scale forcing of anticyclones by synoptic-scale eddies, finite-amplitude non-linear instability theory, and influence of sea surface temperature anomalies, to name but a few. However, to date no unique theoretical model of atmospheric blocking has been formulated that can account for all of its observational characteristics.
When numerical, global short- and medium-range weather predictions started being produced operationally, and with the establishment, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, it quickly became of relevance to assess the capability of numerical models to predict blocking with the correct space-time characteristics (e.g., location, time of onset, life span, and decay). Early studies showed that models had difficulties in correctly representing blocking as well as in connection with their large systematic (mean) errors.
Despite enormous improvements in the ability of numerical models to represent atmospheric dynamics, blocking remains a challenge for global weather prediction and climate simulation models. Such modeling deficiencies have negative consequences not only for our ability to represent the observed climate but also for the possibility of producing high-quality seasonal-to-decadal predictions. For such predictions, representing the correct space-time statistics of blocking occurrence is, especially for certain geographical areas, extremely important.
Audience Segmentation and Climate Change Communication
Donald W. Hine, Wendy J. Phillips, Aaron B. Driver, and Mark Morrison
Scientists and policy makers face significant challenges when attempting to engage the public about climate change. An important first step is to understand the number and nature of the audiences one plans to target—a process known as audience segmentation. Segmentation involves identifying, within an audience or target population, homogenous subgroups that share similar demographic and/or psychographic profiles. After segmenting an audience, climate change communicators can target their messages based on the unique characteristics of each subgroup. For example, to stimulate engagement and behavior change, messages aimed at audiences that are skeptical about climate change may require different content and framing than messages aimed at audiences already deeply concerned about climate change.
The notion of matching message content to audience characteristics has a long history, dating back to the Ancient Greeks. More recently, audience segmentation has played a central role in targeted advertising and also social marketing, which uses marketing principles to help "sell" ideas and behaviors that benefit society. Applications to climate change communication are becoming more common, with major segmentation and communication initiatives being implemented across the globe.
Messages crafted to meet the needs of specific audience segments are more likely to be read, understood, and recalled than generic ones, and are also more likely to change behavior. However, despite these successes, the approach has not been uniformly embraced. Controversies have emerged related to the cost effectiveness of segmentation strategies, choice of segmentation variables, potential effects related to social stigmatization, whether segmentation encourages shallow (as opposed to deep) change, the extent to which segments are "found" as opposed to socially constructed by researchers, and whether interindividual differences are best conceptualized in terms of categories or dimensions.
Celebrities and Climate Change
Julie Doyle, Nathan Farrell, and Michael K. Goodman
Since the mid-2000s, entertainment celebrities have played increasingly prominent roles in the cultural politics of climate change, ranging from high-profile speeches at UN climate conferences, and social media interactions with their fans, to producing and appearing in documentaries about climate change that help give meaning to and communicate this issue to a wider audience. The role afforded to celebrities as climate change communicators is an outcome of a political environment increasingly influenced by public relations and attuned toward the media's representation of political ideas, policies, and sentiments. Celebrities act as representatives of mass publics, operating within centers of elite political power. At the same time, celebrities represent the environmental concerns of their audiences; that is, they embody the sentiments of their audiences on the political stage. It is in this context that celebrities have gained their authority as political, social, and environmental "experts," and the political performances of celebrities provide important ways to engage electorates and audiences with climate change action.
More recently, celebrities offer novel engagements with climate change that move beyond scientific data and facilitate more emotional and visceral connections with climate change in the public's everyday lives. Contemporary celebrities, thus, work to shape how audiences and publics ought to feel about climate change in efforts to get them to act or change their behaviors. These "after data" moments are seen very clearly in Leonardo DiCaprio's documentary Before the Flood. Yet, with celebrities acting as our emotional witnesses, they not only might bring climate change to greater public attention, but they expand their brand through neoliberalism's penchant for the commoditization of everything including, as here, care and concern for the environment. As celebrities build up their own personal capital as eco-warriors, they create very real value for the "celebrity industrial complex" that lies behind their climate media interventions. Climate change activism is, through climate celebrities, rendered as spectacle, with celebrities acting as environmental and climate pedagogues framing for audiences the emotionalized problems and solutions to global environmental change. Consequently, celebrities politicize emotions in ways that that remain circumscribed by neoliberal solutions and actions that responsibilize audiences and the public.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Legislation to require a more effective heart screening of Oklahoma's youngest residents was approved by the Oklahoma House of Representatives Tuesday.
House Bill 1347, by state Rep. Dan Kirby, would require hospitals and other birthing facilities to perform a pulse oximetry screening on every newborn prior to discharge from the facility.
The legislation was endorsed by a Monday Tulsa World editorial.
"Pulse oximetry screenings are the newest and best way to detect congenital heart defects that are often not identified by other methods," said Kirby, R-Tulsa. "Requiring these screenings will ensure more newborns survive their first weeks of life and have fewer health problems as they continue to grow and develop."
The pulse oximetry screening is a noninvasive test that measures the percentage of hemoglobin in blood that is saturated with oxygen.
Congenital heart defects are the No. 1 killer in infants with birth defects.
House Bill 1347 was approved by a 91-2 vote. The legislation now advances to the state Senate.


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Design project
Budget $750-1500 USD
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SPONSORED POST | Clinique Anti-Blemish Liquid Makeup
Clinique's new anti-blemish range is pretty great, sponsored post or no sponsored post. I (just weeks shy of my 30th birthday) STILL HAVE SPOTS and love love love makeup that actually works to help clear up your complexion instead of just concealing (heh) the problem.
Clinique says "Many blemish sufferers need a foundation that properly addresses their skin imbalance. Furthermore, the foundation needs to be gentle enough to not aggravate already irritated skin and not leave skin feeling tight or uncomfortable - which can further exacerbate the look of blemishes. Luckily, there's now a solution. An industry leader in dermatological skin care solutions, Clinique now brings blemish care to the makeup category by introducing NEW Anti-Blemish Solutions Liquid Makeup, a new partner to treating blemishes that also leaves behind a beautiful, natural finish."
Say it, sister.
I tried it out in-store recently (because I'm a truth sleuth so have to know about what I'm talking about here!) and love the finished (minimized pores), that it doesn't have red undertones (huge if you already have ruddy skin) and didn't make my skin feel tight or dry. All key if you have inflamed, sensitive, acne-prone skin.
They say it lasts up to 8 hours. Curious? Find out for yourself... Anti-Blemish Liquid Makeup is available in 8 shades for all skin tones (from super light to very deep), is allergy tested, 100% fragrance free, oil-free, dermatologist tested, ophthalmologist tested and non-comedogenic.
Buy or learn more about Clinique Anti-Blemish Liquid Makeup (30ml RRP £20.00 €28.00).


text:
FREE SHIPPING (in lower 48 states) and NO SALES TAX
Average delivery time is 2-7 days depending on location.
Includes full transit insurance.
This large side cabinet comes in a light walnut finish. Features 4 large storage areas with 2 doors and 1 drawer.
- 2 Large Soft Closing Doors w/ 4 Cubby Holes
- 1 Soft Closing Drawer
- Perfect Match For All Fresca Adour Vanities
Product Details:
- Product Materials: wood
- Collection Name: Trieste
- Finish Product: Light Walnut
- Materials: MDF/Laminate
Weights & Dimensions
- Dimensions: 10"W x 10"D x 74.75"H
- Overall Product Weight: 110lbs
We provide FREE shipping on all orders to our customers within the 48 contiguous United States. Orders shipped to Hawaii and Alaska do not qualify for the free shipping offer and will incur a charge. Orders are shipped via LTL (for large items) or FedEx/UPS (for smaller items). For orders outside of the United States like Canada and Mexico please call 1-888-493-5102 and we can provide a shipping quote (custom fees are the customers responsibility). Any additional charges billed by the shipping company for accessorial charges not specifically requested by MyVanity Depot will be assessed to the customer. Also, additional charges will be incurred for delivery to rural areas and limited access areas which need special equipment such boats, ferries, small delivery vehicles, etc.
Most orders usually ship within 2 – 4 days for the East Coast and 5 – 7 days for the West Coast, depending on your location. No deliveries are made on Saturdays, Sundays or Holidays.
If you cancel an order prior to shipment you will be refunded the entire amount minus any costs associated with initially processing your order. If you want to cancel your order after it has shipped, it will be treated as a return. Please see the returns section below for more information.
IMPORTANT: Please inspect the vanity for any shipping damage prior to signing the Proof of Delivery (POD) docket. If there is any damage, call us immediately (1-888-493-5102), have the delivery person write the damage in detail on the POD and refuse the shipment. Failure to report any damage when it is delivered will result in the shipping company denying the damage claim. We want you to have 100% satisfaction with your purchase. Please also count all the items in your freight and make sure it matches the item count on the delivery receipt. You also need to take note of all missing items on the Proof of Delivery Receipt in order to receive replacement merchandise at no cost. Replacement due to damage must be reported within 48 hours of the delivery date. If you fail to report the damage, we will not be able to file a claim due to the carriers claims restrictions.
All returns are handled via a Return Merchandize Authorization (RMA). Please click on the order status link in your order email and then select the return button on the order details page to receive this. Alternatively, contact us and we can arrange it. Once you have received a RMA number you may then proceed with the return. You must make a return claim within 7 days of receiving your order.
If you change your mind after your order has been shipped and want to cancel your order, there will be a restocking fee and an associated freight charge to return the order.
We offer a 110% Lowest Price Guarantee on all our vanities, giving you the peace of mind that you're getting the best possible price on your purchase. We'll not only match the price you find of any US based competitor, but we will give you an EXTRA 10% of the difference between the MyVanity Depot price and the competitor's price. The price guarantee offer only applies to identical in stock vanities within 30 days of purchase and the competitor must be an authorized dealer.
This guarantee does not apply to prices listed on auction sites, international websites, flash deal sites or websites that require a membership or subscription fee. Our 110% Price Guarantee also only applies to purchases for personal use.


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|Episode Description
|Tuesday, Feb 5, 2013 - 10:00 AM
"Crepes and Croissants"
Host Christopher Kimball takes a trip to Paris in search of the best croissants. Next, test cook Julia Collin Davison shows Chris how to make foolproof Croissants right at home. And finally, test cook Becky Hays reveals the secrets to flawless Crepes. D
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text:
A disillusioned cop haunted by the execution of his partner and a midlevel drug dealer combine forces to take down the powerful kingpin who holds Busan port in the palm of his hands in director Choi Ho's violent post-noir thriller. It's two years before the turn of the century, and the South Korean economy is struggling in the wake of the International Monetary Fund crisis. The local district attorney is looking to clean the streets of the criminal element, and fearless narcotics cop Do (Hwang Jeong-min) is eager to make a name for himself on the force. In exchange for his own protection, local second-generation dealer Lee Sang-do (Ryu Seung-beom) has agreed to become an informant for Do. When word comes down that the DA's office wants to assume control over all drug-related investigations, Do convinces Sang-do to turn in his supplier with the understanding that Sang-do will be spared in the subsequent sweep. Unfortunately for both the cop and the dealer, the raid hits an unexpected hitch. Now, with Sang-do suspended from the force and Do given a stiff prison sentence, the Busan port comes under control of ruthless drug lord Jangchul (Lee Do-gyeong) -- the very man responsible for killing Do's former partner. Years later Sang-do is released from prison and Do has been reinstated on the force, drawing the pair into an uneasy alliance in which Do will watch over the informant as he works his way through the criminal ranks and gains access into Jangchul's inner circle.
Add this movie to your queue to receive more information about
Bloody Ties and we will let you know when it becomes available.


text:
The Lady Bisons faced ETSU on Sunday afternoon in both teams' fourth conference game of the season. ETSU shutout the Lady Bisons 3-0.
Although the weather was cold and rainy, the Lady Bucs came out hot, with Kelly Brinkman scoring at the 4:48 mark on a foul kick. Five minutes into the second half, Rachel Van Horn was assisted by Tori Head to make the score 2-0 in favor of the Bucs. ETSU sealed the deal in the 84th minute with a final goal by Head, assisted by Jordan Monty.
"We made three big mistakes and they capitalized on them," said head coach Jon Ireland. "ETSU came in and knew they had to have this game and we just made three big mistakes.
"We started seven freshmen today and when you've got that many freshmen on the field, unfortunately there's going to be good things, but also some bad things," said Ireland. "They were all freshmen mistakes and that's something we are going to have to live and die by."
Ireland says his team will watch film tomorrow and start preparing for the tough competition that awaits them in Georgia this weekend. They face Kennesaw Friday at 6 p.m. then Mercer Sunday at 1 p.m.
"We still have a long way to go," said Ireland. "We're going to try to keep the girls' heads up and help everyone understand it's a long season with a lot of games to play and a lot can happen. We just have to make sure we learn from this game and get better."
Story by Katie Haab


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A Surprise in Libya
As violent demonstrations swept the Muslim world in protest over a viral video blaspheming Muhammad, other reactions in the Arab world continued to surprise skeptical outsiders. In Benghazi, Libya, crowds ran a counterprotest against the burning of the U.S. consulate and the killing of U.S. Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens and three colleagues. They seized the headquarters of Ansar al-Sharia, the militia suspected of the crimes, and drove it from the city. For those suspicious that the Arab Spring is a cover for a militant Islamist seizure of powe r, the counterdemonstration is strong proof that at the grassroots people reject violence and are still intent on building a democratic society.
For the moderate Libyan government, the crowd's victory has given a boost to efforts to bring the armed militias under control. Mohamed Magarief, the interim head of state, has demanded that all militias disband or come under government control. In response to the demand and the citizens' ire, Ansar al-Sharia surrendered its heavy weapons and disbanded. Reportedly other militias have also broken up. To worried Americans, the Libyans' fearless citizen action should offer reassurance that they appreciate the assistance the West, including the United States, offered them toward winning their freedom and, in particular, a sign of how grateful they are for Ambassador Stevens's service. Stevens had lived among them during the uprising against the Qaddafi regime as the U.S. representative to the resistance; and in the months that followed, he continued to move as a friend among the people, bridging the formal distance that usually accompanies ambassadorial appointees.
While some re-assessment of embassy security and intelligence is necessary, the late ambassador's memory will be better served by bravely following his example of people-to-people diplomacy than by lurching back from engagement with the liberated peoples of North Africa. If we Americans put ourselves in a defensive crouch, we will be allowing the extremists to win.
Vets Among the Moochers?
While the public watched the video of Gov. Mitt Romney telling his supporters at a fundraiser that "47 percent of Americans don't pay income tax," are "dependent on government," "consider themselves victims" and refuse to "take personal responsibility and care for their lives," Senate Republicans blocked a $1 billion jobs program for veterans. Too few voters saw that. But consider how veterans and active members of the armed services fit, and don't fit, into Mr. Romney's 47 percent. For one thing, active service members are exempt from federal income tax on combat pay, yet they take responsibility not merely for their own lives but for the security of the nation. In return the federal government typically helps them obtain health care, education and jobs. Hundreds of thousands of veterans depend on government.
With the unemployment rate among veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan at nearly 11 percent, job assistance for veterans ought to win bipartisan support easily. The jobs bill sponsored by Senator Patty Murray of Washington, a Democrat, included provisions drawn by Senator Richard Burr of North Carolina, a Republican. The Veterans Jobs Corps Act of 2012 would have provided $1 billion over five years to agencies that hire veterans as police, firefighters, first responders and national park workers. But the bill fell two votes short of the 60 votes required to overcome the threat of a filibuster (58 to 40). All 40 votes against the bill were cast by Republicans. Ironically, even Richard Burr joined his party in blocking the bill.
Praying Together
Here is an idea: every month members of the Catholic Church worldwide focus on a select few prayer intentions from a list proposed by the pope and circulated throughout the church. An intention might be, for example, the protection of the church in Africa or the success of new evangelization efforts.
Sound familiar? The Apostleship of Prayer has been a special ministry of the Society of Jesus since 1844. Drawing on the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius, the movement invites Catholics to practice their faith by engaging in morning prayer and an evening review of the day. It also helps promote monthly prayer intentions, which are proposed by the pope. In September Pope Benedict encouraged Catholics to pray for politicians and for poor Christian communities. Here in the United States, the ministry is carried on in part by creative ventures like Hearts on Fire, a traveling group of young Jesuits who seek to minister to young adults.
Viewed by some as old-fashioned, the Apostleship of Prayer has proven surprisingly adaptable to the modern age. You no longer need a Sacred Heart Messenger to issue a call to prayer; 140 characters will do. The Jesuits are seeking to broaden the reach of the ministry through social media and by emphasizing the connection between prayer and the work for justice. The Apostleship of Prayer has the potential to connect Catholics around the world, demonstrating the global nature of the church and the solidarity we are all called to practice as Christians.
The fact is, that is is likely that the film provided an impetus for many of the demonstrators.
However, it is also true that there is a larger problem. There is a large group in the United States who hate Muslims. I'm just putting it right out there because it is true. The level of hatred spewed by right wing talk shows over the airwaves is quite remarkable. I have heard sentiments such as, "we should put spies in every Mosque", and Arabs referred to as "ragheads". Their sacred holy book has been burned and otherwise disprespected by Westerners, publicly, with pride on those taking part. We have engaged in "nation building" as if we have the right to control these mid eastern countries. Just think about how the average American would respond to another country coming into ours and doing what we did.
Our relationship with Isreal, our support and the sale of weapons, which have been used to kill groups acting against Isreal in Palestine (keep in mind, Palestine cannot have a conventional army, so these unfortunate groups crop up because they cannot respond in a conventional manner), have also been responsible for the deaths of innocent Palestinian women, children and elderly. Middle Easterners see Isreali homes built on land where Muslims were forced out and their homes were torn down, because settlers believe that God favors them over the Muslims to settle that land. How would you like that to happen to you or others of your faith? The Israeli government does little or nothing about, and we treat them like they are out best friends.
So, yes, Muslims across the Middle East see all this and they resent the West, but the resentment doesn't come out of thin air, and if we treated everyone in that region evenly and fairly, I believe things would change. We need to start with having respect for a culture whose development and history is radically different from our own. Having a culture that does not mimic the West does not make it bad, it makes it different.
For a country that was based on tolerance and freedom of religion, we look like hypocrites, in my view. We should always condemn violence as a response to problems, but we also need to look at our own behavior and how that might have contributed to the prevalent attitude there, and what we can do to make things better.
"where there is hatred let me sow love"
Be careful just who says they wear a seamless garment.
The question of who has no shame, those who want the truth out to hold the administration responsible for the denial of the request for adequate security that preceded the tragedy, or those who are trying to assist in covering it up, likely for their own political purposes, is open to debate.
American forces can never provide absolute security for its embassies in a foreign nation. Whereas we can provide temporary security to delay an onslaught, we cannot have an armed fortress and air support in every nation in which we have representatives. We have to depend on the government or the controlling faction.
If there is no reliable government, should we be there at all? I don't believe oil, minerals or influence are worth American lives or the lives of the people that we kill when we invade other countries for nebulous reasons.
When people have problems, why do we excpect Big Government to solve them? The U.S. Constitution does not suggest this role for government. Jesus did not tell us to form massive, wasteful federal bureaucracies as the way to "love your neighbor as yourself."
Veterans need jobs, certainly. Most all Americans regard them as heroes - and businesses want to hire veterans and put on job fairs for that purpose. Washington does not need to spend $1 billion to promote jobs for veterans; private industry is already doing that for veterans. Cut federal spending!
When I was a young Jesuit, I was a bleeding-heart liberal who thought government should do more to help the poor and anybody else in need. But since I have been paying taxes for 35 years, I am a fiscal conservative. A Nanny Governament is unaffordable and unnecessary. Local people helping local people is more personal and efficient, through churches, charities, etc.
Sisters, priests and bishops pay little or no taxes, and it is "no skin off their noses" when they promote big government entitlements like food stamps, Obamacare, unemployment handouts, etc. We taxpayers, however, see better options in helping our neighbor in need.
David B. Conner, M.Div.
Macon, GA 31204


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The club is composed of people who like to sail and enjoy each others company. Meetings are
held at 7:00 PM, usually on the third Tuesday of the month at different locations throughout
Virginia Beach and Norfolk. Please check the latest issue of the club's monthly newsletter, the
BBSA Banter, for the date and location of the next meeting.
Interested in learning to sail? Click here for more information
on local sailing lessons.


text:
This resource is no longer available
Designing a defense for mobile applications
In today's modern economy, your business needs to have a mobile storefront for smart phones and tablets, or else your customers will soon switch to a competitor that does. While a mobile app for your store certainly brings with it many rewards, such as increased customer satisfaction and ease-of-use, it also brings high risk of attack.
To ensure the safety of your customers' sensitive transactions, you need an effective plan for mobile app security.
Check out this white paper to learn about the various considerations for protecting mobile applications—from the application architecture itself to the testing technologies needed to properly assess risk.


text: Maeri Ferguson has music in her blood. She grew up twenty minutes from Fort Adams, attending her first Newport Folk Fest before she could even walk, and running through the tents of the Rhythm and Roots Fest at Ninigret in her cowboy boots once she could. Most people call her Mae, thanks to her dad's love of the Kershaw Brothers song "Hey Mae". From the time she was 12, her parents have been hosting monthly house concerts that turn her living room into Rhode Island's premiere destination for Americana, roots music and rock n' roll, and exposing her to some of the greatest singer-songwriters in the music industry. She's been listening to her dad's radio show, the Boudin Barndance, since before she can remember, and still tunes in on Thursday nights from the apartment in Brooklyn where she now lives. She works in public relations, and has been writing about music and reviewing live shows for more than five years, currently serving as a staff writer for No Depression and Glide Magazine. You can find her on Instagram @monster_mama and on Twitter @maeriferguson.


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Nature makes pretty pinks.
I've always thought that Flamingo's are divine. I'd love to wear pink feathers too.
Little piggies with soft gooey noses.
And who knew that dolphins came in pink too.
Did you know that nature also made some uncool pinks too...
Don't want to meet him in a dark corner...
..or anywhere else either!


text:
The Korean writing system of Hangul isn't written in the manner of just horizontal letters, like the English Alphabet system. Instead, it made up of letters written in both horizontal and vertical to create a syllable.
As seen in the illustration above, there has been an attempt to lay out all the letters horizontally (instead of combining them in a block frame), but this was not widely adapted or accepted due to its lack of readability and difficulty of conveying meaning in Korean.
Every syllable begins with a consonant (initial), followed by a vowel or two (medial), and sometimes ends up with another single or double consonant after a vowel (final).
The literacy rate in Korea today is about 98%, and the majority of those who are illiterate are the older generation women, who went through the time when Korea was under Japanese rule and the Korean War.
Because Hangul isn't just written from left to right, kerning can be seen vertically as well.
If you pay close attention to these letters and to the spacing of letters in each syllable, the "늑" and "늘," the final consonant "ㄱ" has less strokes than "ㄹ", and takes up less space under the medial vowel "ㅡ", and therefore, the position of "ㅡ" in "늑" is lower than that in "늘." If a type designer does not space every one of the thousands of possible Korean Standard or Unicode syllables carefully, the strokes become compressed and hard to read when typeset. It is similar to the result of "missed kerning" (when specific pairs of individual glyphs in typefaces do not have consistent spacing around them) in the Latin alphabet design.
Extra: I thought this image was an interesting example using Korean Alphabet characters with English Alphabet characters. The letter "S" was replaced by the Korean character "ㅅ" which sounds like S, while the letter "W" to "ㅠ" , "K" to "ㅋ", and "R" and "L" to "ㄹ"


text:
Up to [cvs.NetBSD.org] / src / sys / netinet
Request diff between arbitrary revisions
Default branch: MAIN
Current tag: netbsd-3-0-RELEASE
Revision 184.108.40.206 / (download) - annotate - [select for diffs], Thu Sep 8 21:10:24 2005 UTC (13 years, 4 months ago) by tron
Branch: netbsd-3
CVS Tags: netbsd-3-0-RELEASE, netbsd-3-0-RC6, netbsd-3-0-RC5, netbsd-3-0-RC4, netbsd-3-0-RC3, netbsd-3-0-RC2, netbsd-3-0-RC1, netbsd-3-0-3-RELEASE, netbsd-3-0-2-RELEASE, netbsd-3-0-1-RELEASE, netbsd-3-0
Changes since 184.108.40.206: +2 -2 lines
Diff to previous 188.8.131.52 (colored) to branchpoint 1.134 (colored)
Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kleink in ticket #744): sys/netinet/udp_usrreq.c: revision 1.142 udp4_espinudp(): don't assume that the Non-ESP marker (or UDP payload) is aligned on a 64-bit boundary.
This form allows you to request diff's between any two revisions of a file. You may select a symbolic revision name using the selection box or you may type in a numeric name using the type-in text box.


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I always watch science and nature shows on television. As a child I sat before the television watching Wild Kingdom, National Geographic, and Jacques Cousteau. Today there is so much more available on a wider range of subjects.
One of the subjects often covered is asteroids. Asteroids present a real risk to the Earth. In fact, it may have been an asteroid (or two) that lead to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Scientists have had to consider, what, if anything, could be done to protect us from an asteroid on a collision course with the Earth. The recent impact of a comet with Jupiter shows just how real this threat is.
Of course, most people's first thought is to send up nuclear bombs to destroy the asteroid. On several shows, scientists reported that such a plan would not work. The asteroids are simply too big. All the nuclear bombs on the Earth would not protect us, even if they all could be sent up to intercept the asteroid.
Think about it -- all the destructive force of all the nuclear bombs on Earth!
But then another scientist will say, "if you could intercept the asteroid when it is far enough away from the Earth, you would not need that much power to divert its course and make it miss the Earth." Such scientists state that a gentle nudge far enough in advance could save our planet.
"A gentle nudge" can save the Earth.
I thought about it. That is what we are as Karate instuctors. We give gentle nudges to our students. For the youth, these gentle nudges are hopefully far enough in advance to help shape their future lives, to help them avoid problems or troubles.
When a students is about to encounter a life crisis -- a crime, a serious illness or death in the family, divorce, a natural distaster -- it is too late. All the nuclear bombs on the Earth will not be enough because the events are already imminent.
But if we can give a gentle nudge to a student, perhaps years or decades later he or she will avoid committing a crime, will hold back rather than strike spouse or child, will stay out of a gang, will be prepared for challenges because he or she will have obtained a good education. What we say in class and more particularly, the example we set in class, may seem insignificant at the time. But who knows the potential consequences. Even if we never see it or know it, it may help to shape the lives of our students.
Don't wait until it is too late. A gentle nudge only works far in advance. When you see the asteroid it is too late.
Charles C. Goodin
A Gentle Nudge
I always watch science and nature shows on television. As a child I sat before the television watching Wild Kingdom, National Geographic, and Jacques Cousteau. Today there is so much more available on a wider range of subjects.
Posted by Charles C. Goodin on Sunday, April 29, 2007


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Southeast Supply Header, LLC v. 12 Acres of Land More or Less Located in Section 32, T6S, R2W, Mobile County, Alabama, et al
Plaintiff: Southeast Supply Header, LLC
Defendant: 12 Acres of Land More or Less Located in Section 32, T6S, R2W, Mobile County, Alabama, Cynthia Milne Wilton, Thomas A. Milne, Jr., Brenda K. Milne and Marilyn E. Wood
Case Number: 1:2008cv00042
Filed: January 22, 2008
Court: Alabama Southern District Court
Office: Mobile Office
County: Mobile
0 Judge:
Presiding Judge: Kristi K. DuBose
Referring Judge: Bert W. Milling
Nature of Suit: Condemnation
Cause of Action: 15:717 Natural Gas Act
Jury Demanded By: None
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text:
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text: Brenda and Raymond "Chip" Bolster were recognized with the Outstanding Philanthropic Citizen Award given each year to an individual or family that exhibits a spirit of exceptional generosity and service at Tuesday's annual National Philanthropy Day celebration at Rhodes on the Pawtuxet. The Bolsters have given of their time, talent and treasure to a number of Rhode Island organizations over the years, including the Domestic Violence Resource Center of South County, the South County Museum and the Audubon Society of Rhode Island. Raymond Bolster is president and CEO of Centreville Bank. They are seen here with Lauren Nadeau, a senior at St. Mary Academy Bay View who is the winner of the 2012 scholarship awarded by the Rhode Island Chapter of the Association of Fundraising Professionals. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Rhode Island was the recipient of the 2012 Outstanding Philanthropic Corporation Award for its Blue Angel Community Outreach Program. Performance Physical Therapy received the Outstanding Philanthropic Business Award for its commitment to volunteerism and work to create public awareness of many different organizations, including the Rhode Island Affiliate of Shoulder to Shoulder, and the Providence Children's Museum. (Warwick Beacon photo)


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Monday, November 18, 2013
Visiting the Exclusive Orem Back-yard Chicken Farm
It was fun to see how well this whole system works, but it has taken quite a bit of effort for those fabulous eggs.
3 comments:
- Ann said...
And if they don't start laying more eggs we will have yummy chicken soup and start over in the spring.
- November 18, 2013 at 10:14 AM
- Judy said...
Once the feathers are off you won't be able to tell one chicken from the other so it will be okay. Sorry to hear that the egg production is down. 'Tis good that you have the pictures to illustrate your chicken/egg story.
- November 19, 2013 at 10:00 AM
- Dwight said...
Just turn those lazy non layers over to the animal shelter
- November 20, 2013 at 1:59 PM
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text:
Help for Oklahoma Homeowners
May 21, 2013
As Oklahoma recovers from the devastation caused by recent tornadoes, Fannie Mae wants to remind affected homeowners with Fannie Mae mortgage loans secured by single-family properties that they may be eligible for:
- Forbearance that can temporarily suspend or reduce mortgage payments.
- Suspension of legal actions in process (i.e., foreclosures).
"We know that many people have had their lives impacted as a result of this disaster and our thoughts and prayers are with them, notes Leslie Peeler, senior vice president of Fannie Mae's National Servicing Organization based in Dallas, Texas. "We'll work with our servicers to make sure they provide the appropriate options to homeowners," she adds.
For more information, visit our disaster relief page.


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Good times, Good Times: Mr Met goes to, uh War
What does it mean when you are hired to play a ball-headed mascot on the strength of your personality? At the risk of offending my pro-Guantanamo Bay readers, I mockingly present...
'Mr. Met' Ends Reserve Duty at Guantanamo Bay
By Rudi WilliamsAmerican Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Oct. 21, 2002 -- "Mr. Met," the orb-headed icon of the New York Mets baseball team, used to be none other than an Army Reserve officer engaged in the global war against terrorism.
Maj. Lee Reynolds just finished six months duty at Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, the only U.S. naval base in a communist country. Operation Enduring Freedom cost him the entire 2002 baseball season.
Even though the Mets didn't make it to post-season play this year, Reynolds had mixed feelings about missing the season as Mr. Met. "I love the job a lot," said Reynolds, who worked with Joint Task Force 160, the multiservice outfit responsible for detention operations at "Gitmo."
"I love baseball and was looking forward to being Mr. Met for a fourth year. But, in light of what has happened in the world, I felt I wanted to do something to contribute as an American, especially as a New Yorker. So I did what I really want to do. I was where I think I should have been."
When called to active duty, he was in Chicago stage- managing the national tour of the musical "Freedom Train," the story of former slave Harriett Tubman and the Underground Railroad. "I'd been on tour for 10 weeks all over the country," said Reynolds, who flew home to Long Island, N.Y., and then on to Guantanamo.
Noting that he wanted to contribute to the global war on terrorism, he said, "As a reservist on active duty, I think that was a great way to contribute. All of my adult life I've been in the military, and for a lot of reasons, I love being a soldier. I love my country. I think patriotism has a lot to do with it. After 9-11, I just wanted to do something, contribute and that was a great way to do it."
The actor, writer, director and Army Reserve public affairs officer has appeared in motion pictures, television and theater. He has directed theater, videos and industrial films. He also wrote the play, "The Box With a Green Bow," a one-act Christmas story. And he wrote and produced "Spook Tacular 2000," the story of Halloween, for his own theater company. He produced "Cinderella" last year for a community theater in New Jersey.
His military career started when he joined the Army Reserve shortly after graduating from high school. He served as a military policeman for three years while attending college and participating in the ROTC program at Hofstra University in Hempstead, N.Y.
A political science and history major, Reynolds was a distinguished military graduate in 1987. Commissioned a second lieutenant in the Army, he spent 12 years on active duty in various positions in South Korea and Hawaii. He was an artilleryman and served in a number of battery- and battalion-level posts.
He left active duty in March 1999 to pursue an acting career, but kept his Army affiliation by becoming an Army Reserve public affairs officer.
"It's something I've always been interested in," said Reynolds, who dabbled in journalism in high school and wrote articles during his active duty career. "I consider myself a writer in my personal life. It's a mixture of what I do as a civilian, as an actor, writer and director. It complements what I do as a public affairs officer."
After active duty he started taking private acting lessons and quested for acting jobs. His first job was with the Pepsi party patrol, a group that goes around Shea Stadium entertaining the fans between innings.
"They liked my personality and I had the right body size for the Mr. Met costume, so they asked me and another guy to be a backup for Mr. Met," Reynolds said. When the regular Mr. Met left midway through the season, Reynolds was promoted.
That was in 1999.
That summer, he appeared in his first movie, a cable TV feature entitled "The Hunley," a true story about a Confederate submarine that sank a Union warship during the Civil War. Reynolds also had a speaking role as a military adviser in this year's film "We Were Soldiers," the Mel Gibson Vietnam War film.
But he said even though he wants acting and writing to be his life's work, being Mr. Met was a "real ball." "It's probably one of the most exciting, thrilling and physically challenging jobs I've ever had," the major said. "The costume is big, bulky and not balanced well -- the head is a huge baseball. It's very hot inside. Your visibility is limited.
"You don't see out of there very well at all," he said. "That takes a bit of getting used to. You're constantly on the move, constantly running around and goofing around and overheating. It's uncomfortable, but when you're 'in the zone,' you don't think about that, you're just doing it. But when you go away from where the fans are, you start overheating quickly. You've got to get that head off and start drinking some water."
Reynolds recalls the fun he always had when former New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani came to a Mets game. "He's a great baseball fan, tremendous Yankee fan and I've always admired Mayor Giuliani," he said. "So whenever he came to the stadium, … I'd have fun with him. … Sometimes I'd take his Yankee hat off his head, like I do with other fans, and pretend to blow my nose into his hat, crumple it up and give it back to him. He was always a great sport about it."
He said the team asked him to remain as Mr. Met. However, he told them he'd rather pursue acting jobs in television and film.
As his reserve tour ended, Reynolds was preparing for his role in a new Tom Cruise movie, "The Last Samurai."
Army Reserve Maj. Lee Reynolds holds a picture of himself as Mr. Met, the orb-headed icon of the New York Mets baseball team. Photo by Rudi Williams. (Click photo for screen-resolution image.)


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A-tisket a-tasket a green and yellow basket…Melyssa has created the most darling Easter stamp set! This mini-set will be sure to please that egg-stra special person. The sentiment fonts are so whimsically fun and you'll enjoy coloring these Easter eggs. This is a must have set.
Egg-stra Special is a 3x4 set that includes a total of 9 stamps and will sell for $7.00.
Would you like to win the new Egg-stra Special stamp sets? Here is what you need to do- visit the Trendsetter's blogs that are participating in each of the blog hop challenges below and comment on their creations as you go. One of the Trendsetter's blogs (from each hop day) will be randomly chosen as the 'it' blog and a winner will be picked using a random number generator from the comments left on that Trendsetter's Blog Hop Challenge post. You will not know which blog has been chosen so the more you comment on the better your chances are of winning new stamps!
The Blog Hop Challenges will be open until 5 PM Eastern Time Saturday February 25th with the winner being announced during the release party chat.
For my sample today I wanted to make a cute and simple card that features the main image of this cute stamp set!
Don't forget to hop on over to the TSG Blog for all of the details about this BHC as well as to the other Trendsetter's blogs and check out what they've made with this adorable new mini set!


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Descendants of Robert Adams: Generation 4
Israel18 Adams (SARAH17, ABRAHAM16, ROBERT15, ROBERT14, RICHARD13, JOHN12, JOHN11, JOHN10, THOMAS9, ROGER8, JOHN AP7, JOHN AP6, THOMAS AP5, JOHN AP4, WILLIAM AP3, JOHN AP2, JOHN AP1) was born 24 February 1707/08 in Newbury, Essex, MA and died 16 October 1789 in Rindge, NH. He married Tabitha Farnum 20 March 1732/33 in Andover, MA, daughter of Thomas Farnum and Hannah Hutchinson. She was born abt. 1707 in Andover, Essex, MA and died 18 February 1804 in Rindge, NH.
Notes for Israel Adams:
BIRTH: He was the son of Sarah Adams and was called "Benoni" in early life. He became a cordwainer (shoemaker) in Andover, MA.
MILITARY: He was a soldier in the French and Indian War[1]. Israel Adams petitioned, 30 March 1756, showing that "he had a son who, on his return from Lake George to the Thirtieth day of March Instant, his son hath been incapacitated for any business & continued in a weak state of heath." Etc. Israel and wife, Tabitha, removed from Andover, MA to Rindge, NH in the year 1772. He died 16 October 1789, aged 73, and his widow died 18 February 1804, aged 97. These dates are thus upon their headstones.
Children of Israel Adams and Tabitha Farnum are:
|Israel19 Adams, Jr., b. 26 January 1733/34, Andover, Essex, MA; d. 15 May 1809, Rindge, NH.
|Captain/Deacon John Adams, b. 03 July 1735, Andover, Essex, MA; d. 27 June 1813, Andover, Essex, MA
|Elizabeth Adams, b. 24 December 1737, Andover, Essex, MA; m. Michael Carlton, 29 November 1759, Andover, Essex, MA
|Joshua Adams, b. 09 November 1739, Andover, Essex, MA; d. 07 December 1757, Andover, Essex, MA
Notes for Joshua Adams:
|David Adams, b. 02 May 1742, Andover, Essex, MA; d. 19 April 1815, Londonderry, NH; m. (1) Abiah Ordway, 01 May 1766; b. 07 March 1743/44; d. 29 July 1776; m. (2) Martha Marsh, abt. 1778; b. 12 January 1747/48; d. 09 April 1812.
Notes for David Adams:
|Abigail Adams, b. 06 February 1742/43, Andover, Essex, MA; d. 02 September 1750, Andover, Essex, MA
|Sarah Adams, b. 26 July 1744, Andover, Essex, MA; d. 30 August 1746, Andover, Essex, MA
|No Name Adams, b. 26 July 1744, Andover, Essex, MA; d. 1744, Andover, Essex, MA
[1] A Genealogical History of Robert Adams of Newbury, Massachusetts and his Descendants 1635-1900 by Andrew N. Adams, published 1900, the Tuttle Co. Printers, Rutland VT. Vital Records to 1850 of Andover, MA.


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Saxo Bank Launches Mobile Version of Corporate Website
Jan 14, 2013, 04:00 ET
HELLERUP, Denmark, January 14, 2013 /PRNewswire/ --
Saxo Bank, the multi-asset online trading and investment specialist, today launched the mobile-optimised version of its corporate website on m.saxobank.com
The ubiquity of mobile services coupled with the increasing popularity of smartphones and tablet computers, has sparked a steep increase in mobile web usage.
According to the latest data from Statcounter, global mobile traffic is growing rapidly and represented 14.5% of total Internet traffic in 2012.
The amount of people in the US accessing websites from a mobile device went up by 82% from 2011 to 2012, according to the Nielsen Social Media Report 2012.
Around 10% of visitors to the Saxo Bank website now use a mobile device and Saxo Bank's mobile applications have been downloaded more than 90,000 times since launch 15 months ago.
m.saxobank.com now complements Saxo Bank's comprehensive digital offering by providing mobile visitors with a broad range of functionalities, including a user-friendly overview of the Bank's products, platform features as well as conditions and spreads in a compact view, optimised for mobile screens.
The mobile site also enables visitors to easily open live and demo accounts, and to directly download the SaxoTrader apps for iPhone, iPad and Android, for on-the-go trading.
Christoffer Castenskiold, Vice President of Global Web Strategy and Communication, comments:
"The mobile version of saxobank.com is the logical and contemporary extension of our ongoing efforts to provide our clients with the best possible user experience. Mobile is evolving rapidly and Saxo Bank is constantly adapting to meet new clients demands wherever they are. With more connectivity, our visitors, leads and clients have more freedom to use our services wherever and whenever they want."
m.saxobank.com is accessible from Monday, 14 January. Visit saxobank.com on your mobile device now.
About Saxo Bank
Saxo Bank is a leading online trading and investment specialist, offering private investors and institutional clients a complete set of tools for their trading and investment strategies. A fully licensed and regulated European bank, Saxo Bank enables clients to trade FX, CFDs, ETFs, Stocks, Futures, Options and other derivatives via three specialised and fully integrated multi-asset trading platforms; the browser-based SaxoWebTrader, the downloadable SaxoTrader and the SaxoMobileTrader application. The platforms are available in over 20 languages and are white-labelled by more than 100 major financial institutions worldwide. Saxo Bank also offers professional portfolio and fund management as well as traditional banking services through Saxo Privatbank. Founded in 1992, the Saxo Bank Group is headquartered in Copenhagen with 25 local offices throughout Europe, Asia, Middle East, Latin America and Australia.
SOURCE Saxo Bank