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IBM Systems Network Architecture Protocols
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IBM networking today consists of essentially two separate architectures that branch, more or less, from a common origin. Before contemporary networks existed, IBM's Systems Network Architecture (SNA) ruled the networking landscape, so it often is referred to as traditional or legacy SNA.
With the rise of personal computers, workstations, and client/server computing, the need for a peer-based networking strategy was addressed by IBM with the creation of Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) and Advanced Program-to-Program Computing (APPC).
Although many of the legacy technologies associated with mainframe-based SNA have been brought into APPN-based networks, real differences exist. This article discusses each branch of the IBM networking environment, beginning with legacy SNA environments and following with a discussion of APPN. The article closes with summaries of the IBM basic-information unit (BIU) and path-information unit (PIU).
IBM-based routing strategies are covered in a separate article.
Traditional SNA Environments
SNA was developed in the 1970s with an overall structure that parallels the OSI reference model. With SNA, a mainframe running Advanced Communication Facility/Virtual Telecommunication Access Method (ACF/VTAM) serves as the hub of an SNA network. ACF/VTAM is responsible for establishing all sessions and for activating and deactivating resources. In this environment, resources are explicitly predefined, thereby eliminating the requirement for broadcast traffic and minimizing header overhead. The underlying architecture and key components of traditional SNA networking are summarized in the sections that follow.
IBM SNA Architecture
IBM SNA model components map closely to the OSI reference model. The descriptions that follow outline the role of each SNA component in providing connectivity among SNA entities.
- Data link control (DLC) - Defines several protocols, including the Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) protocol for hierarchical communication, and the Token Ring Network communication protocol for LAN communication between peers
- Path control - Performs many OSI network layer functions, including routing and datagram segmentation and reassembly (SAR)
- Transmission control - Provides a reliable end-to-end connection service, as well as encrypting and decrypting services
- Data flow control - Manages request and response processing, determines whose turn it is to communicate, groups messages, and interrupts data flow on request
- Presentation services - Specifies data-transformation algorithms that translate data from one format to another, coordinate resource sharing, and synchronize transaction operations
- Transaction services - Provides application services in the form of programs that implement distributed processing or management services
SNA does not define specific protocols for its physical control layer. The physical control layer is assumed to be implemented via other standards.
Figure: IBM SNA Maps to All Seven Levels of the OSI Model illustrates how these elements of the IBM SNA model map to the general ISO OSI networking model.
Figure: IBM SNA Maps to All Seven Levels of the OSI Model
A key construct defined within the overall SNA network model is the path control network, which is responsible for moving information between SNA nodes and facilitating internetwork communication between nodes on different networks. The path control network environment uses functions provided by the path control and data link control (DLC). The path control network is a subset of the IBM transport network.
IBM SNA Physical Entities
Traditional SNA physical entities assume one of the following four forms: hosts, communications controllers, establishment controllers, and terminals. Hosts in SNA control all or part of a network and typically provide computation, program execution, database access, directory services, and network management. (An example of a host device within a traditional SNA environment is an S/370 mainframe.) Communications controllers manage the physical network and control communication links. In particular, communications controllers-also called front-end processors (FEPs)-are relied upon to route data through a traditional SNA network. (An example of a communications controller is a 3745.)
Establishment controllers are commonly called cluster controllers. These devices control input and output operations of attached devices, such as terminals. (An example of an establishment controller is a 3174.) Terminals, also referred to as workstations, provide the user interface to the network. (A typical example would be a 3270.
Figure: SNA Physical Entities Can Assume One of Four Forms illustrates each of these physical entities in the context of a generalized SNA network diagram.
Figure: SNA Physical Entities Can Assume One of Four Forms
IBM SNA Data Link Control
The SNA data link control (DLC) layer supports a number of media, each of which is designed to provide access to devices and users with differing requirements. SNA-supported media types include mainframe channels, SDLC, X.25, and Token Ring, among other media.
A standard SNA mainframe channel attachment provides a parallel-data channel that uses direct memory access (DMA) data-movement techniques. A mainframe channel connects IBM hosts to each other and to communications controllers via multiwire cables. Each cable can be up to several hundred feet in length. A standard mainframe channel can transfer data at a rate of 3 to 4.5 Mbps.
IBM's Enterprise Systems Connection (ESCON) mainframe attachment environment permits higher throughput and can cover greater physical distances. In general, ESCON transfers data at 18 Mbps and supports a point-to-point connection, ranging up to several kilometers, and transfers. To allow higher data rates and longer distances, ESCON uses optical fiber for its network medium.
SDLC has been widely implemented in SNA networks to interconnect communications and establishment controllers, and to move data via telecommunications links.
X.25 networks have long been implemented for WAN interconnections. In general, an X.25 network is situated between two SNA nodes and is treated as a single link. SNA implements X.25 as the access protocol, and SNA nodes are considered adjacent to one another in the context of X.25 networks. To interconnect SNA nodes over an X.25-based WAN, SNA requires DLC protocol capabilities that X.25 does not provide. Several specialized DLC protocols are employed to fill the gap, such as the physical services header, Qualified Logical Link Control (QLLC), and Enhanced Logical Link Control (ELLC).
Token Ring networks are the primary SNA DLC method for providing media access to LAN-based devices. Token Ring, as supported by IBM, is virtually the same as the IEEE 802.5 link access protocol running under IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control Type 2 (LLC2).
In addition to the basic suite of media types, IBM added support for several other widely implemented media, including IEEE 802.3/Ethernet, Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), and Frame Relay.
Figure: SNA Has Evolved to Support a Variety of Media illustrates how the various media generally fit into an SNA network.
Figure: SNA Has Evolved to Support a Variety of Media
IBM Network Addressable Units
SNA defines three essential network addressable units (NAUs): logical units, physical units, and control points. Each plays an important role in establishing connections between systems in an SNA network.
Logical units (LUs) function as end-user access ports into an SNA network. LUs provide users with access to network resources, and they manage the transmission of information between end users.
Physical units (PUs) are used to monitor and control attached network links and other network resources associated with a particular node. PUs are implemented on hosts by SNA access methods, such as the virtual telecommunication access method (VTAM). PUs also are implemented within communications controllers by network control programs (NCPs).
Control points (CPs) manage SNA nodes and their resources. CPs generally are differentiated from PUs in that CPs determine which actions must be taken, while PUs cause actions to occur. An example of a CP is the SNA system services control point (SSCP). An SSCP can be the CP residing in a PU 5 node or an SSCP as implemented under an SNA access method, such as VTAM.
IBM SNA Nodes
Traditional SNA nodes belong to one of two categories: subarea nodes and peripheral nodes. SNA subarea nodes provide all network services, including intermediate node routing and address mapping between local and network-wide addresses. No relationship exists between SNA node types and actual physical devices. Two subarea nodes are of particular interest: node type 4 and node type 5.
Node type 4 (T4) usually is contained within a communications controller, such as a 3745. An example of a T4 node is an NCP, which routes data and controls flow between a front-end processor and other network resources.
Node type 5 (T5) usually is contained in a host, such as an S/370 mainframe. An example of a T5 node is the VTAM resident within an IBM mainframe. A VTAM controls the logical flow of data through a network, provides the interface between application subsystems and a network, and protects application subsystems from unauthorized access.
SNA peripheral nodes use only local addressing and communicate with other nodes through subarea nodes. Node type 2 (T2) is generally the peripheral node type of interest, although SNA does specify a node type 1 peripheral node. T2 typically resides in intelligent terminals (such as a 3270) or establishment controllers (such as a 3174). Node Type 1 (T1) is now obsolete, but when implemented, it resided in unintelligent terminals.
Figure: Peripheral Nodes Communicate with Other Nodes Through Subarea Nodes illustrates the various SNA nodes and their relationships to each other.
Figure: Peripheral Nodes Communicate with Other Nodes Through Subarea Nodes
IBM Peer-Based Networking
Changes in networking and communications requirements caused IBM to evolve (and generally overhaul) many of the basic design characteristics of SNA. The emergence of peer-based networking entities (such as routers) resulted in a number of significant changes in SNA. Internetworking among SNA peers hinges on several IBM-developed networking components.
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) represents IBM's second-generation SNA. In creating APPN, IBM moved SNA from a hierarchical, mainframe-centric environment to a peer-based networking environment. At the heart of APPN is an IBM architecture that supports peer-based communications, directory services, and routing between two or more APPC systems that are not directly attached.
APPN Components
In addition to the APPN environment, peer-based SNA networking specifies three additional key networking concepts: logical units (LUs), Advanced Program-to-Program Computing (APPC), and node type 2.1. Each plays an important role in the establishment of communication among SNA peers within the context of an SNA-based peer internetwork.
Logical Unit (LU) 6.2 governs peer-to-peer communications in an SNA environment. In addition, LU 6.2 supports general communication between programs in a distributed processing environment and between both similar and dissimilar node types. APPC enables SNA applications to communicate directly with peer SNA applications, and it provides a set of programming conventions and protocols that implement LU 6.2. Node type 2.1s (T2.1) are logical entities that permit direct communication among peripheral nodes capable of supporting T2.1. The T2.1 entity facilitates point-to-point communications by providing data transport support for peer-level communications supported by APPC. In addition, a T2.1 contains a peripheral node control point (PNCP) that combines the traditional functions of a physical unit (PU) and a control point (CP).
IBM APPN Node Types
Under APPN, peer-based communication occurs among several well-defined node types. These nodes can be broken down into three basic types: low-entry nodes (LENs), end nodes (ENs), and network nodes (NNs).
The low-entry network (LEN) node is a pre-APPN era peer-to-peer node. A LEN node participates in APPN networking by taking advantage of services provided by an adjacent network node (NN). The CP of the LEN node manages local resources but does not establish a CP-to-CP session with the adjacent NN. Before a session can start, session partners must be defined for a LEN node, and the LEN node must be defined for its service-providing adjacent NN.
An end node (EN) contains a subset of full APPN support. An end node accesses the network through an adjacent NN and uses the routing services of the same adjacent NN. To communicate on a network, an EN establishes a CP-to-CP session with an adjacent NN and uses the CP-to-CP session to register resources, request directory services, and request routing information.
A network node (NN) contains full APPN functionality. The CP in an NN manages the resources of the NN, as well as the attached ENs and LEN nodes. In addition, the CP in an NN establishes CP-to-CP sessions with adjacent ENs and NNs, and maintains the network topology and directory databases created and updated by gathering information dynamically from adjacent NNs and ENs.
Figure: APPN Supports Several Well-Defined Node Types illustrates where each of these peer types might be found in a generalized APPN environment.
Figure: APPN Supports Several Well-Defined Node Types
IBM APPN Services
Basic APPN services fall into four general categories: configuration, directors, topology, and routing and session services. Each is summarized in the sections that follow.
IBM APPN Configuration Services
APPN configuration services are responsible for activating connections to the APPN network. Connection activation involves establishing a connection, establishing a session, and selecting an adjacency option.
The connect phase of connection activation enables the initial establishment of communications between nodes. This initial communication involves exchanging characteristics and establishing roles, such as primary versus secondary. Connection establishment is accomplished by the transmission of exchange identification type 3 (XID3) frames between nodes.
During session establishment, CP-to-CP sessions are established with an adjacent EN or NN. Minimally, each node must establish at least one pair of CP-to-CP sessions with one adjacent node. An EN can establish a maximum of one pair of CP-to-CP sessions but can be attached to more than one NN. Between NNs, pairs of CP-to-CP sessions with all adjacent nodes or a subset of adjacent nodes can be established. The minimum requirement is a single pair of sessions to one adjacent NN, which ensures proper topology updating.
Adjacency among APPN nodes is determined by using CP-to-CP sessions. Two configurable options are available for determining node adjacency. A node can be specified as adjacent to a single node, or as logically adjacent to every possible adjacent node. Selecting an adjacency option for a specific situation depends on a given network's connectivity requirements. The reduction in CP-to-CP sessions associated with single-node adjacency can reduce network overhead associated with topology updates, as well as the number of buffers required to distribute topology updates. Reducing the number of adjacent nodes, however, also increases the time required to synchronize routers.
IBM APPN Directory Services
APPN directory services are intended to help network devices locate service providers. These services are essential to establishing a session between end users. Directory services in APPN call for each NN to maintain a directory of local resources and a network directory that associate end users with NNs providing service. A distributed directory service then is formed from the collection of individual NN network directories. This section summarizes the nature of APPN databases, node-directory service handling, and the role of a centralized directory service.
The local and network directory databases support three service-entry types: configured entries, registered entries, and cached entries. Configured database entries usually are local low-entry network nodes that must be configured because no CP-to-CP session can be established over which to exchange information. Other nodes might be configured to reduce broadcast traffic, which is generated as part of the discovery process. Registered entries are local resource entries about which an end node has informed its associated network node server when CP-to-CP sessions are established. A registered entry is added by an NN to its local directory. Cached database entries are directory entries created as session requests and received by an NN. The total number of cached entries permitted can be controlled through user configurations to manage memory requirements.
The end-node directory service negotiation process involves several steps. An EN first sends a LOCATE request to the NN providing network services. The local and network directory databases next are searched to determine whether the destination end user is already known. If the destination end user is known, a single directed LOCATE request is sent to ensure its current availability. If the destination end user is not found in the existing databases, the NN sends a LOCATE request to adjacent ENs to determine whether the destination end user is a local resource. If the destination is not local, the NN sends a broadcast LOCATE request to all adjacent NNs for propagation throughout the network. A message is sent back to the originating NN indicating that the destination is found when the NN providing network services for the destination end user locates the end-user resource. Finally, both origin and destination NNs cache the information.
Directory services for LEN nodes are handled by a proxy service process. First, a LEN node sends a bind session (BIND) request for attached resources. This contrasts with the LOCATE request sent by ENs. To receive any directory services, an NN must provide proxy services for a LEN node. When a proxy service NN is linked to the LEN node, the NN broadcasts LOCATE requests as needed for the LEN node.
A central directory service usually exists within an ACF/VTAM and usually is implemented to help minimize LOCATE broadcasts. This kind of database can be used to maintain a centrally located directory for an entire network because it contains configured, registered, and cached entries. Under a centralized directory service process, an NN sends a directed LOCATE broadcast to the central directory server, which then searches the central database and broadcasts when necessary.
IBM APPN Topology and Routing Services
In an APPN network topology, network nodes are connected by transmission groups (TGs). Each TG consists of a single link, and all NNs maintain a network topology database that contains a complete picture of all NNs and TGs in the network.
A network's topology database is updated by information received in a topology database update (TDU) message. These TDU messages flow over CP-to-CP sessions whenever a change occurs in the network, such as when a node or link becomes active or inactive, when congestion occurs, or when resources are limited.
The network topology database contains information used when calculating routes with a particular class of service (CoS). This information includes NN and TG connectivity and status, and NN and TG characteristics, such as TG capacity.
APPN's routing services function uses information from directory and topology databases to determine a route based on CoS. Route determination starts when an end node first receives a session request from a logical unit. A LOCATE request is sent from the EN to its NN to request destination information and to obtain a route through the network. The NN then identifies the properties associated with the requested level of service. The identified properties are compared to properties of each TG and NN in the network, and all routes that meet the specified criteria are cached as applicable. Each EN, NN, and TG in the network is assigned a weight based on CoS properties, such as capacity, cost, security, and delay. Properties also can be user-defined. Finally, a least-cost path is determined by totaling the weights on the paths that meet the routing criteria.
IBM APPN Session Services
Following route establishment, the APPN session-establishment process varies depending on the node type. If the originating end user is attached to an EN, a LOCATE reply containing the location of the destination and route is returned to the originating EN by the NN adjacent to the destination EN. The originating EN then sends a BIND on a session route. If originating, the end user is attached to a LEN node that sends a BIND to its adjacent NN. The adjacent NN converts the LEN BIND to APPN BIND, and sends a BIND on the session path.
A BIND is a specific type of request message sent from one LU to another LU. A BIND carries the route being used for a session. It specifies NNs and TGs, a unique session identifier for each TG, the transmission priority for the session, and window information to support adaptive pacing to limit traffic on the network.
Basic Information Unit Format
IBM SNA NAUs employ basic information units (BIUs) to exchange requests and responses.
BIU Fields
The following field descriptions summarize the content of the BIU, as illustrated in Figure: A Basic Information Unit (BIU) Can Be Either a Request or a Response.
Figure: A Basic Information Unit (BIU) Can Be Either a Request or a Response
- Request header - Identifies the type of data in the associated request units. This header provides information about the format of the data and specifies protocols for the session. Only NAUs use request header information.
- Request unit - Contains either end-user data or SNA commands. End-user data is sent in data request units. SNA commands are sent in command request units that control the network and contain information exchanged between end users.
- Response header - Identifies the type of data associated with the response unit. The request/response indicator bit distinguishes a response header from a request header. A receiving NAU indicates whether the response being returned to the request sender is positive or negative by setting the response type indicator (RTI) bit in the response header.
- Response unit - Contains information about the request indicating either a positive or negative response. Positive responses to command requests usually contain a 1- to 3-byte response unit that identifies the command request. Positive responses to data requests contain response headers but no response unit.
Negative response units are 4 to 7 bytes long and always are returned with a negative response. A receiving NAU returns a negative response to the requesting NAU under one of three conditions:
- Sender violates SNA protocol
- Receiver does not understand the transmission
- Unusual condition, such as a path failure, occurs
When a negative response is transmitted, the first 4 bytes of a response unit contain data that explains why the request is unacceptable. The receiving NAU sends up to 3 additional bytes that identify the rejected request.
Path Information Unit Format
The path information unit (PIU) is an SNA message unit formed by path control elements by adding a transmission header to a BIU. Figure 37-7 illustrates the PIU format.
PIU Fields
The following field descriptions summarize the content of the PIU, as illustrated in Figure: The Path Information Unit (PIU) Requests and Responses Each Consist of Three Fields:
Figure: The Path Information Unit (PIU) Requests and Responses Each Consist of Three Fields
- Transmission header - Routes message units through the network. This header contains routing information for traditional SNA subarea networking. Transmission header formats are differentiated by the format identification (FID) type. Path control uses the FID types to route data among SNA nodes.
Three FID types are implemented in PIUs:
- FID0 is used to route data between adjacent subarea nodes for non-SNA devices. FID0 generally is rendered obsolete by the FID4 bit set to indicate whether a device is an SNA or non-SNA device.
- FID1 is used to route data between adjacent subarea nodes when one or both of the nodes do not support explicit and virtual route protocols.
- FID2 is used to route data between a subarea boundary node and an adjacent peripheral node, or between adjacent type 2.1 nodes.
In general, the transmission header is used to route data between adjacent subarea nodes when both the subarea nodes support explicit and virtual route protocols.
- Request header - Identifies the type of data in the associated request units. This header provides information about the format of the data and specifies protocols for the session. Only NAUs use request header information.
- Request unit - Contains either end-user data or SNA commands. End-user data is sent in data request units. SNA commands are sent in command request units that control the network and contain information exchanged between end users.
- Response header - Identifies the type of data associated with a response unit. The request/response indicator bit distinguishes a response header from a request header. A receiving NAU indicates whether the response being returned to the request sender is positive or negative by setting the RTI bit in the response header.
- Response unit - Contains information about the request indicating either a positive or a negative response. Positive responses to command requests usually contain a 1- to 3-byte response unit that identifies the command request. Positive responses to data requests contain response headers but no response unit.
Negative response units are 4 to 7 bytes long and always are returned with a negative response. A receiving NAU returns a negative response to the requesting NAU under one of three conditions: The sender violates SNA protocol, a receiver does not understand the transmission, or an unusual condition, such as a path failure, occurs.
When a negative response is transmitted, the first 4 bytes of a response unit contain data that explains why the request is unacceptable. The receiving NAU sends up to 3 additional bytes that identify the rejected request.
IBM's SNA was one of the first networking protocols. Although it is now considered a legacy networking protocol, it is still widely deployed. SNA was designed around the host-to-terminal communication model that IBM's mainframes use.
IBM expanded the SNA protocol to support peer-to-peer networking. This expansion was deemed Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) and Advanced Program-to-Program Communication (APPC).
Review Questions
Q - What did IBM create to accommodate peer-based networking?
A - Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) and Advanced Program-to-Program Computing (APPC).
Q - What are the types of physical entities that IBM SNA supports?
A - Hosts, communications controllers, establishment controllers, and terminals.
Q - What are the three types of network addressable units in SNA?
A - Logical units, physical units, and control points.
Q - What is the function of an LU?
A - Logical units function as end-user access ports into an SNA network.
Q - What is the function of a PU?
A - Physical units are used to monitor and control attached network links and other network resources associated with a particular node.
Q - What is the function of a CP?
A - Control points manage SNA nodes and their resources.
Q - Under APPN, what are the well-defined node types?
A - Low-entry nodes (LENs), end nodes (ENs), and network nodes (NNs).
Q - What are the four basic service categories for APPN?
A - Configuration, directories, topology, and routing and session services.
Q - In APPN, what service helps network devices locate service providers?
A - Directory services.
Q - For what is the network topology database used?
A - Calculating routes with a particular class of service (CoS).


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The papal nuncio to Israel, Archbishop Antonio Franco, has shed more light on the Vatican-Israeli meeting last December, which examined taxation and legal issues for the church in the Holy Land.
In his interview with the online edition of Terra Santa magazine, Archbishop Franco sounded optimistic about reaching an agreement with Israel — someday — but let it be known the church cannot lock the minority Christian community into an untenable position.
He also cautioned that a papal trip to Israel is unlikely before there is some progress on these questions and at least some movement in Israeli-Palestinian negotiations.
Terra Santa, a Italian-based publication of the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land, is now running an English-language page with translations of some of its articles.
PHOTO: Archbishop Antonio Franco, center, the Vatican's ambassador to Israel, attends the opening ceremony of the annual Holocaust Remembrance Day at the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem last April. (CNS/Reuters)

subset: commoncrawl


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Best Kiteboarding at TP?
Post general kiteboarding discussion topics here!
Moderator: BayAreaKite
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Best Kiteboarding at TP?
I was just down by KGB kite school and saw the Best Kiteboarding motor home towing their trailer full of toys. He said he was headed to Toll Plaza. Just sayin'...
That's where it was happenings today! Great 9m-10m conditions for me and lots of demo options— although I stuck to my quiver as it was a new experience to ride marine surge winds.
Saw a bunch of riders that seemed to be tacking back and forth all the way to Berkeley.
Re: Best Kiteboarding at TP?
Thanks Best Kiteboarding for hooking this up. I was able to get out there early enough to get some riding thier new TS 10m. Nice kite with good feel and power range.
Nice meeting some of you at the beach as well. It's always nice putting a face to your BAK handle .
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Before & After: A Springlike Makeover in Green and WhiteCountry Living
This kitchen remodel shows off one of our favorite tricks in making a kitchen look bigger. It also happens to make the kitchen much more functional. Do you know what it is? We talked about it here, too.
If you look at the before pictures, you can see how the cabinets didn't go all the way up to the ceiling. Unlike in a lot of kitchens, it wasn't just empty space up there (where dust bunnies live, breed, and grow into dust rabbits). It looks like the wall just extended above the cabinets.
The new cabinets offer more storage and make the room feel much larger, in our opinion. Same goes for the cabinet that was built around the refrigerator. How practical is that? And it adds so much usable space, including a wall for a bulletin board.
We also love the wide drawers below the glass-front cabinets. They, too, give the room a gracious, open feel, more so than a ton of small doors and knobs.
Want to see all the pictures, including a close-up of that adorable breakfast nook?
• See the full slideshow and read the details at Country Living.
This kitchen just feels like a breath of fresh, Spring air. What do you like most?
(Images: Keith Scott Morton/Country Living)


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FOX News Channel (FNC) has re-signed Karl Rove, former Deputy Chief of Staff and Senior Advisor to President George W. Bush, announced Roger Ailes, Chairman & CEO. This new multi-year deal will extend through the 2016 presidential election.
In making the announcement, Mr. Ailes said, "Karl's detailed knowledge of state and national politics, as well as fundraising and strategy, makes him an important player in our ongoing political coverage and we look forward to him continuing his analysis across all platforms for FOX News and FOX Business."
Rove joined FNC as a contributor in February of 2008, providing political analysis and key insights on the election seasons that followed. Prior to this, Rove served as Deputy Chief of Staff and Senior Advisor during President George W. Bush's administration before he resigned in 2007. Rove also headed the Office of Political Affairs, the Office of Public Liaison, and the White House Office of Strategic Initiatives. Before his tenure at the White House, he was the chief strategist for President Bush's 2000 Presidential campaign, as well as his re-election in 2004.
During his extensive career in politics, Rove also served as a political consultant to a number of Republican candidates during their successful campaigns, including former Texas Governor Bill Clements and former Texas Representative and Senator Phil Gramm. Additionally, he was president of Karl Rove & Company, a public affairs firm based in Austin and taught at the LBJ School of Public Affairs and in the Journalism Department at the University of Texas at Austin. Rove attended the University of Utah where he began his career with the College Republicans as their executive director before becoming Chairman of the organization
FOX News Channel (FNC) is a 24-hour all-encompassing news service dedicated to delivering breaking news as well as political and business news. A top five cable network, FNC has been the most watched news channel in the country for more than eleven years and according to Public Policy Polling, is the most trusted television news source in the country. Owned by News Corp., FNC is available in more than 90 million homes and dominates the cable news landscape, routinely notching the top ten programs in the genre.
FOX News contacts:
Irena Briganti: 212.301.3608
Dana Klinghoffer: 212.301.3534


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Angelo State University's Career Development Office will host a part-time job fair featuring local businesses on Wednesday, Sept. 11, in the Houston Harte University Center, 1910 Rosemont Drive.
The job fair will run from 1:30-4 p.m. in the central lobby of the University Center, and is designed to help ASU students find part-time jobs with local businesses. All local businesses are invited to set up a recruiting station for the job fair at no charge.
The deadline for businesses to register to participate in the job fair is Tuesday, Sept. 3. To register online, go to www.angelo.edu/services/career/ and click on the Part-Time Job Fair link.
For more information or to register by phone, call the Career Development Office at 325-942-2255.


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Drew Barrymore suffered severe back pain in final pregnancy days
The Charlie's Angels star admits she had it fairly easy during her first trimester, when most expectant mums suffer from morning sickness, and "hardly ever" threw up, but as her expected delivery date came and went, the aches and pains of carrying a child for nine months were exacerbated.
She tells America's People magazine, "My back was killing me; I thought I was going to die. I could barely move toward the end of my pregnancy, and I was almost two weeks late. But I was Zen about it; I knew it was all happening for a reason."
Barrymore gave birth to little Olive, her first child with new husband Will Kopelman, in September (12) and she has shown off her tot in an exclusive photo spread for the magazine.
And the new mum insists finally setting sight on the baby girl was "positively the best moment of my life".
She adds, "My husband took a picture (when she first saw her tot) and I have that picture now forever, and it's the coolest moment of my life, bar none. I look at it every day."


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Why SO Much HATE FOR SAO. Discuss.
I didn't think SOA SAO was bad it was appealing and interesting to the end. Might of been A hack/Sign copy but at least it was still good.
People are saying
Its the Cancer of anime
Hack/Sign Ripoff
No development
Stupid romance
I need to know wtf happend. It went from super Fan boys to super hate.....???
Who's hating on Sword Art Online? It's a great anime.
I'm not crazy, but perfectly insane.
I predict this thread will disappear in 20mins
I am a wizard.
Hate for SAO? I wouldn't have a idea why to hate it.. I actually liked it and accepted the end.. ^^
I swear people are gonna be discussion this in 50 years.
Anyways its SAO not SOA.
If I don't have to do it, I won't. If I have to do it, I'll make it quick.
Because the anime was full of shit, in which the shit put in didn't needed to be in the anime, the shit I'm talking about are the side stories.
SAO ep 1, 2 skip to ep (protagonist gets recruited), skip to beating last boss. would been fine as a 6 episode ova.
Introduce fairy dance as another 6 ep ova or give it a series to "hype" it up even more, since the 6 ep ova would of been better.
The main failure of this anime is, the adaption from the novels, since the novels are based around a composition of ARC's. Each ARC needed to have it's own time to debut and shine. Combining two ARC's together was a failure of the directing and green lit team.
If SAO had been SAO for a 12 first season, it would of ended with a HUGE cliff hanger and if it had been done well it would of gotton a second season fairy dance. I do understand that the company wanted closure by combining the two ARC's, but now look how much hate and love this anime has received because of poor planning and execution of the story base.
His Holiness Optimus Maximus Decimus Meridius Colossus Nemesis Nexus Genesis
Well, I don't hate it. But, I think it is the fact that it had the potential to be even better if they had stuck with the SAO arc and fleshed it out more. Instead they shoehorned the ALO arc into the same season.
Wait are we discussing about Sword Art Online or Sons of Anarchy? O.o
I'm not crazy, but perfectly insane.
Sword Art Online, I think? XD
I personally enjoyed it...maybe because of the dramatic battle scenes, of which I found appealing. Otherwise I believe there were some scenes that should have been left out..
And to answer your question, some people like SAO because of it's plot others may find it generic, some may enjoy the romance, others may find it bland, some may enjoy the fight scenes, others may find the some scenes poorly executed, it's pretty much opinionated, and because of all the hype, and a larger crowd watching this there's bound to be discontent from a large party. Which brings us the fundamental truth, you either love it or hate it.
Well i personally liked it, and it made me read the light novel of it aswell.
i've never understood the haters, but there will ALWAYS be haters no matter where you go and what you.
Different people -> Different minds
All you can do is watch whatever you enjoy, like i got a recommendation for Desert Punk the other day, the first cpl of episodes was nice, but at like episode 6-7 i began falling asleep because it jst got really really boring for me, no context etc etc. Aka that makes me a hater, of an otherwise great anime (according to some)
The super fan boy-thing was pretty much just the hype of it being an mmorpg anime and having really good elements of it, the whole part of it being "hardcore mode"(die ingame -> dead irl) made the anime more interesting and there was another element which made the anime better to some.
Now when they removed that with Alfheim, it became alot more relaxed already etc, so in that way it gained haters instead of more fanboys.
Now i just hope you can see where im going with this
fish go m00
Go to MyAnimeList and check out the reviews. I guarantee it, you will find at least one hater within the first page of reviews.
AyanoviBritannia wrote:
Who's hating on Sword Art Online? It's a great anime.
I dislike SAO because the romance is extremely poorly-written. Kirito and Asuna are flat characters, not enough development. Not to mention the fact that I didn't start watching the series for the romance in the first place. I started watching for the awesome 'trapped in the game, can't die or you'll die IRL too' plot.
But alas, it turned into a romance series. Wasted potential.
And not only are the protagonists flat, but the villain (of the latter half) is very poorly-developed too, heck, even more so than Kirito and Asuna.
Spoiler Alert! Click to show or hide
I mean, what exactly did he plan to do once he had control of everyone's minds? And really, making him try to steal Asuna from Kirito was just half-assed drama to fire up the KxA shippers.
But I will admit that despite its glaring flaws, I did enjoy SAO a little. I didn't have to force myself to finish it, so it must've been doing something right.
Yeah, I agree with that. The second half of SAO wasn't as great as the first.
I'm not crazy, but perfectly insane.
Hey how about we let the thread die?
You're gonna read the same stuff as if you're going to read with other SAO threads...
His Holiness Optimus Maximus Decimus Meridius Colossus Nemesis Nexus Genesis


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Christian Counselor
Kathie Ray-Annis, LICSW, CRT, CMHP
Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker
9330 Vancouver Mall Drive, Suite 203, Vancouver, Washington 98662 | 360.690.6550
There are many versions of the Bible and I am not versed in all of them. However, I have strong religious beliefs and know that God has provided me with the opportunity to assist those who are experiencing emotional pain. I pray for his guidance to assist me in portraying to clients that his love is eternal and the pain they are experiencing now are lessons he is teaching.
Christian Counselor
Katrina Barnes, MA, LMFT
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
800 Officer's Row suite A, Vancouver, Washington 98661 | 360-566-5914
Through the dynamic of the Holy Spirit I will seek to mine, define and refine the gold that has been placed in each one of us. Over the decades of my life, this has become clearer as my calling. Biblical Scripture guides, forms and refines me and I am honored to share this with those placed in this time and space with me. My undergrad degree is in Christian Education and I served as a professional in parish settings for a number of years before returning to school for my Masters.
Christian Counselor
Refresh Therapy, LMFT, LMFTA, LMHC, LMHCA
Licensed Marriage/Family/Mental Health Counselors/Therapists
1319 NE 134th St, Suite 111, Vancouver, Washington 98685 | 360-433-9664
As a general rule, both Christian counseling and secular counseling share the same desire to help people overcome their problems, find meaning and joy in life, and become healthy and well-adjusted individuals, both mentally and emotionally. Most counselors have graduate degrees and have spent years learning their craft. The word "counseling" can have multiple meanings, including offering advice and encouragement, sharing wisdom and skills, setting goals, resolving conflict, etc. Counselors usually probe the past (whether the problem happened a week ago or during childhood) in an attempt to repair the present.
Christian Counselor
Mary Krug, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor
2100 NE Broadway, Suite 101, Portland, Oregon 97232 | 503-449-9729
I am a lifelong Christian and being a counselor is how I see myself living out Jesus' call for me to be in the world. I help my clients to find God's grace and peace at work in their lives. The parables that Jesus taught are powerful inspirations for deep reflection and application to clients' lives. The Psalms convey God's love, compassion and commitment to His people. Faith and spirituality are tremendous supports in people's lives and knowing that we have a loving God enables us to deal with great challenges in life.
Christian Counselor
Melody Jackman, MA, CMHC
Clinical Mental Health Counselor
10700 SW Beaverton Hillsdale Hwy, Bldg II, Suite 460, Beaverton , Oregon 97005 | 503-999-1362
I believe that spiritual beliefs can play an important part in the healing process. I follow the client's lead in bringing spirituality in the room. I am not a pastoral counselor, and do not consider myself a biblical counselor. However, I am Christian, familiar with the Bible, and am comfortable with bringing Christian beliefs into the room if that is what is best for the client.
Christian Counselor
Karen Nam, LCSW
Licensed Clinical Social Worker (L#5719)
351 NE 80th Avenue, Hillsboro, Oregon 97006 | 925.222.1568
I am of the Christian faith and this is central in my life. I offer Christian based counseling as an option for those looking for a therapist of similar values. I approach an individual from a holistic viewpoint and believe that one's spiritual life is just as important as the physical, emotional, and mental aspects of one's life. I assert there is power in using Scripture to renew one's mind to the truth in a way that leads to healing and wholeness.
Christian Counselor
Danette Buchanan, M.S. LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor
11855 SW Ridgecrest Dr. Suite 209, Beaverton, Oregon 97008 | 240-529-2048
You can trust that God knows you personally because He designed you exactly as you are! All healing and permanent change comes through Him. When you "confess your sins (brokenness, distress, mistakes) to each other and pray for each other you will be healed" James 5:16. As a pastoral counselor, I am uniquely qualified to walk this path with you. Religion is not the answer, only God is.
Christian Counselor
Carolyn Hoffmann, Psy.D.
Licensed Clinical Psychologist
Lake Oswego, Oregon 97034 | 503-657-7200
Christian counseling incorporates Christian faith and principles with regular tenets of psychotherapy. The benefits of this are often deeper and more far reaching/sustainable than purely secular approaches. Psychological support and secure attachment within the therapeutic process is enhanced by prayer and use of scripture to help the client make better decisions, release shame, resolve conflict adaptively, and accept themselves in new and healthy ways.
Christian Counselor
Joseph Schutte, LMFT, QMHP
Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist
16780 Bryant Road, Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035 | (503)752-4478
Our faith and spiritual practices are an essential component of our being. As we progress through life, it is not uncommon to ask questions and consider alternative answers to the belief system that you were provided early on in life. The questioning and seeking is a sign of growth and maturity. My approach to counseling has a foundation in the Christian faith.
Christian Counselor
Jacqueline Ilana Bradford, MA LMFT (intern) NCC
Marriage Couples and Family Therapist
14523 Westlake Dr Suite12, Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035 | (503) 427-1875
I hold a Bachelor of Arts degree in History and Judaic Studies from the University of Oregon. Furthermore I have an extensive personal knowledge of both Christianity and Judaism from an inter-denomination perspective. I can read and understand Biblical Hebrew, and have extensive knowledge of Torah. I have spent over 30 years studying and reading both the Hebrew TANACH and the Christian Bible. My years of involvement as a leader in both the Christian and Jewish Community afforded me the opportunity to teach interdenominationally, giving me practical insight to many faiths.
Christian Counselor
David Anderson, MA, LPC, NCC
LPC (Licensed Professional Counselor)
2500 Willamette Falls Drive Suite 104 , West Linn, Oregon 97068 | 503-213-3560
As a Christian, I place a high value on the written Word as well as the spirit that it was written in. I am not a theologian and will not pretend to be. I will, however, honor and respect the tenants of Christianity and be very sensitive to your Faith as you see fit. I believe in prayer and respect and honor what that means to you as an individual without judgement.
Christian Counselor
Patricia Rohani, LPC, LMFT
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
702 John Adams St Suite 201, Oregon City, Oregon 97045 | 503-896-6796
For many, faith is an important part of life, and it should be no less so in counseling. You deserve to have a safe place where your faith and family values will be honored, and where you can explore your woundings, struggles, and questions in the light of your faith. I personally operate from a Christian worldview and I am happy to incorporate this into our counseling relationship.
Christian Counselor
Diane Calder, Registered State of Oregon
Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA
13950 S Caufield Street, Oregon City, Oregon 97045 | 503-333-6513
As someone who has worked with people in the church and has an understanding of Biblical doctrine, I recognize the value of integrating sessions with scripture. The advantage of choosing a counselor outside of one's church is that a client can feel more comfortable sharing his or her feelings and his or her experience with a counselor whom he or she does not worship. The other side of Christian counseling for me is working with those who are trying to figure out a way to leave the culture of their denomination while still retaining their belief in Christ and His Word. To me, this is some of the most important work with which one can help clients.
98662 is a zip code located in Clark County and part of Vancouver, Washington. It has a land area of 12.874 square miles.  The population of 98662 is 31,644 people.


text:
Tom Jowitt has posted his third part in his "streamlined PHP development" series today focusing on working with databases and setting it up with your automated deployment system (parts one and two).
In the first two parts of this series we covered setting up the server and an introduction to Phing. This post will cover managing our database code with dbdeploy and Phing.
He points out that there's no "silver bullet" when it comes to automated database management but he's found dbdeploy as a good tool for his needs. He includes the configuration changes to get the database login information into Phing and a few new targets/tasks to add to the Phing configuration for initializing the database and applying patches.


text:
Find me web development leads (Websites / Custom / Wordpress / Shopify)
Presupuesto $30-250 USD
Hey there,
I'm an internet marketer myself and I do quite good with lead generation for my web development company, but I don't have a lot of time on my hand as I'm juggling multiple projects.
I'm looking for a good internet marketer / marketer that can assist me in lead generation (actual website development leads for my web dev company). Please do not bid this job if you do not have the understanding, knowledge, or skills to generate legit leads that convert to sales.
I'm willing to pay a high commission and do all the web development work for anyone that can provide me with good leads assuming they turn into sales.
I would love to chat with you about your plans on generating leads, and how you plan to convert them into sales (I can help with that part too).
6 freelancers están ofertando el promedio de $150 para este trabajo
Hello Warm Greetings! I have gone through your requirement, and it would be immense pleasure to work with your project. I am an out of box thinker and always prefer modern and elegant design to increase the visitor e Más
Hello I can provide you database which you mentioned on description .I have access to [login to view URL] Premium, there are 100% complete contact records including Name, Email, Company, Title,Phone number,Industry and etc Más
Hello, Is there anywhere I can find reviews or testimonials on your company? Thank you for your time. - Charlie
I will Provide you Web Development Leads According to your [login to view URL] with lead we will provide you all contact details of the client and message of the client in which they show their interest in your service. Más
Dear Sir, Your have recently advertised for website developer . After reading the job description I am confident that I would be a perfect fit for this position as my experience and abilities precisely match your requ Más


text:
I'm in the market for a new computer these days, and at the same time I am also looking into different methods to back up my data.
Right now I have a fairly primitive way of doing things: I manually copy over files that I consider to be important to my external hard drive.
I would ideally like to buy a set of 2 new external hard drives, set them up in a RAID-1 configuration (for data redundancy), and then have some kind of application on my computer that does an automatic backup to the RAID every once in awhile.
I've heard the moniker that "RAID is not back-up!" several times, but I openly defy that statement here, as for any normal user RAID can very effectively be used as backup. Most of us don't need nor want slow tape drives.
Anyways, back to the topic at hand: I'd like some software that could then backup the files which I specify that I want to back up to the RAID. Incremental back-ups aren't necessarily necessary, but hey, if that features comes with the software, why not?
I took did a quick search on google looking for "open source backup software", and I found the following options:
Amanda Open Source Backup
I was wondering if any of you have any experience with these software packages or any other software packages that are good for backups, and what yalls experience has been with backups.


text:
Dylan Bundy just talked with the Orioles media in Seattle. Here's what he said:
When did you get the call?
"I got it at 3:45 a.m. My roommate, Joe Oliveira, answered the phone and told me it was Brian Graham and he told me I was on a plane at 7 a.m. and I was going to pitch here in Seattle. So I said, 'Are you messing with me? And he said, 'No, I'm not going to mess with you at 4 in the morning.' So next thing I know I'm at the airport and on my way to Seattle."
Is this a surreal moment for you?
"It didn't get that way until I saw the archway at Safeco Field in the cab today. That's really went it hit me I guess."
What are your thoughts on taking the big league mound for the first time?
"Just slow the game down. I know it is going to be quick out there for the first couple minutes or so, but just slow everything down and realize it's the same game it was in Bowie. Just a little bit more people in the stands."
What was your reaction a few weeks ago when Buck Showalter said you likely wouldn't be coming up?
"I was focused on going to instructional league anyway. Them actually saying in the media that I'm not getting called up, just made me want to work even harder to get there next year. And go down to instructional league and work on some timings to home plate and work on my curveball. And then, you know, not expecting it, I get a call.
Does being with the team in the spring help the transition?
"Yeah, definitely. I was a lot more nervous the first day of spring training than I was today coming into the locker room. Because I knew some of the guys a little bit on a personal level and the other guys I knew their names.
What was the call to your parents like?
"I called my mom and dad five times each and none of them answered. My pitching coach in high school actually answered at 4 in the morning first. He was the first to know. But my parents, I called them again about 5:30 and they answered. And they put it on speakerphone and I told my parents together. The next thing you know they are on a plane here."
Why do you think you can handle this?
"I have the confidence to. If you keep the ball down I'm not going to get hurt even if they do get a hit. You've just got to go back out there and focus and get the next guy. I have all the pitches I need to have. I've just got to throw them for strikes and get the guy out."
What about adjusting to the bullpen after your detailed preparation for starts?
"I just thought about that about 30 minutes ago. Maybe I need to go play catch with [center fielder] Adam Jones in the fifth or sixth inning. If I can do that, I don't know. I don't know what I'm going to have to do, but I think the adrenaline, the stadium, the team, the big leagues, I think I'll have enough energy to get going."
Does it make it easier with 20-year-old Manny Machado on the roster?
"Definitely. Me and him have known each other for two years, now. … You know, him being the same age as me is pretty neat. Him being on the same team and being able to relate to what's going on and what the process is going to be. How the game is going to be handled. Two teenagers, well I'm a teenager, Machado is in his 20s now. That's what I'm here to do is help the team win. And Machado is too."
What's the reception from the other relievers been like?
"It's been great. Those guys have welcomed me pretty well, they all welcomed me. And congratulated me, shook my hand. I'm excited to throw, if I throw tonight. "
What happened after you got the call?
"About 3:45 a.m., basically Brian Graham told me to meet him in the lobby at 5:15. I was down at the lobby at 415. I was ready to go. At the AmericInn (in Sarasota, Fla.). Next thing you know I had to get back up to my room to get my phone charger. I had to go back up to it again to get my toiletry bag. I was definitely rushing a little bit to get going on that plane. Then we went to the field to get my baseball stuff."
Are you always that forgetful?
"No, never. I'm sure I forgot some things, too."
Is the curveball the pitch you've been working on?
"Just (be) more consistent. It's got good depth to it, but just be more consistent with it."
Have you completely shelved the cutter (since the organization took it away)?
"No, it's not out of my repertoire. I've always had it. I've thrown it in bullpens. Ever since spring training I've kept it in my back pocket. I still have a feel for it. If it comes to that time and I feel like I can throw it for a strike, I'm gonna."
Bundy was told that former Cy Young winner John Smoltz said on MLB Network to go pretend like he's pitching in a Double-A game. His thoughts?
"That's good advice. That's all it is, is 60 feet, six inches. Same at Double-A Bowie."


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A pair of former high school sweethearts reunite after many years when they return to visit their small hometown.
125 min Plot Phillip is a wealthy quadriplegic who needs a caretaker to help him with his day-to-day routine in his New York penthouse. He decides to hire Dell, a struggling parolee who's trying to reconnect with his ex and his young son. Despite... Read More
102 min Plot Speedboat racing champion and multimillionaire, Ben Aronoff, leads a double life that lands him in trouble with the law and drug lords. Director: Jodi Scurfield Writer: David Aaron Cohen, John Luessenhop ... Read More
110 min Plot Sous le règne de Napoléon, François Vidocq, le seul homme à s'être échappé des plus grands bagnes du pays, est une légende des bas-fonds parisiens. Laissé pour mort après sa dernière évasion spectaculaire, l'ex-bagnard essaye de se... Read More
101 min Plot Catherine Weldon, a portrait painter from 1890s Brooklyn, travels to Dakota to paint a portrait of Sitting Bull and becomes embroiled in the Lakota peoples' struggle over the rights to their land. Director: Susanna White ... Read More


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Nashville, Tenn. - The Tennessee State University women's golf team returns to action at the 2012 Drake Creek Invitational in Ledbetter, Ky. After a practice round on Sunday, play will take place on September 17-18 at the Par-72, 5,146 yard course.
The Tigers, along with the eleven team field, will compete in the 54-hole event. Monday will feature 36-hole's of play beginning at 8:30 a.m., while the final 18-hole's are schedule for a 8:00 a.m. tee time on Tuesday. Both days will have a shotgun start.
The Tigers are coming off a second-place finish at the Alabama State Fall Golf Classic and are looking to improve on their second day of play when they charged back cutting 55 strokes off their first day score. Freshman Kelly Merkel led the way with a 170 (88-82), while junior Bria Norris shot an 85 on day two. Amelia Dap registered a 183 (93-90) to tie for seventh individually, while freshman Sarah Needleman shot a day two 87, cutting 14 strokes off her day one total to finish with a 188. Chelsea Marlin rounded out the TSU squad with a 228.
TSU will square off against golfers from Arkansas State, Austin Peay, Belmont, Central Arkansas, Columbia, Drake, Jackson State, Murray State, Northern Iowa, and Southern Illinois.


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Here I thought that I should share my story and seek for advice.
Last sunday I went kiting: 15knots and some choppy waves, what appeared to be ideal conditions for kiting.
Just leaving the beach, I faced a wave (not too big: 1m20) and miscalculated its speed thinking I would be able to jump over it just before it breaks.
I was myself going quite fast, and when I realized my mistake and that I would hit it at the worst moment, it was already too late to turn back.
As the wave was already too steep to jump over, I decided at the last-minute to throw the kite into the window to give me power to pass through the wave and avoid getting caught into the washing machine. Tactic that resulted partially successfull without counting on the violence of the impact.
I unfortunately exposed my ear to the wave that slams my face on its side, and the shock/ pressure perforated my tympan.
For those of you who haven t experimented this type pain, it is close to unbearable, forcing me to go straight back to the beach, half-desoriented-KO, screaming, with blood coming out of the ear (btw nice show for the by-standers on the beach).
Huge thanks to the kite crowd on the beach that packed all my material as I was in big pain and heading to hospital.
Lesson number one: never fail respect to wave, regardless of their size!
Here comes my need for advices:
1. What shall I have done? Or in other words, what do you do when you face a wave at its worst breaking point with no option to flee away?
2. What do you do if you get caught into the washing machine?
I got traumatized by a story of a guy how got wrapped in his kitelines as a consequence of being caught by the washing maching, and he got dragged by one of his foot trapped in a line for quite long distance before he could cut the line with his knife. The guy went so traumatized that I doubt he will ever kitesurf again.
Many thanks in advance for your advices,


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NOTE: This wishlist was made before "Bohemian Rhapsody" debuted on YouTube.
Wishlist for Christmas 2010
Michael Wermuth, Jr. - Well, Christmas is coming up very soon, and there are a lot of Muppet items that I really want. Unfortunately, the things that I want don't exist... Yet. Hopefully, the good people at The Muppets Studio, Sesame Workshop, and The Jim Henson Company will see this and decide to make my wishlist a reality. But even if they do, it's most likely too late to get whatever I want released in time for this Christmas, so I'll make my Christmas wishlist for 2010, so that the companies can make it possible for me to get what I want next Christmas... Or earlier. Heck, I'd rather have this stuff for my birthday, since that's sooner than Christmas 2010. And I don't mind buying the stuff myself, if it means getting this stuff sooner.
First, what I want from the Muppets Studio: I know that The Muppet Show: Season Four is planned for next year, so I don't have to put that on my wishlist. But I think I can still wish for special features. So I'd like for the season four release to include some promos for those episodes, audio commentary by Frank Oz, Steve Whitmire, Jerry Nelson, and Dave Goelz on select episodes. And considering that the last two seasons had stuff made years after or before the series ended, I'd like the set to have some of the Muppets 1992 appearances on Good Morning America (I think Disney owns that program, so it shouldn't be hard) and some of the music videos (Kokomo, Wipe Out, and She Drives Me Crazy). And maybe some of the Virmup videos.
I'd also like some more Muppet DVDs in general, not just releases of The Muppet Show, movies, and recent productions. I'd like DVD releases of The Muppets Go Hollywood, The Muppets Go to the Movies, and The Muppets at Walt Disney World (maybe with the "Give a Day, Get a Disney Day" commercials as bonus features). And it would be great if Disney and Henson would work out a special deal to get a full, complete, uncut release of The Jim Henson Hour on DVD. If this is too impossible, then I'll settle for just a release of all of the Muppet Television segments. Speaking of negotiations, Disney, please, allow for Henson to release Emmet Otter, The Christmas Toy, and other Henson properties with Kermit UNCUT! Those were made back when Henson still owned the Muppets, so it's not like it's a new appearance, and they are all quiality productions.
Outside of video, I'd like some new CDs of Muppet songs. Maybe put out a Muppet Show CD that has Muppet Show tracks that haven't been released on CD, like "Rockin' Robin," "In the Navy," and Beaker's rendition of "Feelings." Or maybe a multi-disc release of Muppet songs from many different productions, including The Jim Henson Hour, Muppets Tonight, and Letters to Santa.
A new non-fiction book or two about the Muppets would be nice as well. And maybe also some new Muppet storybooks. Or a book that reprints the Muppet comics from the 1980s. And some new Muppet video games, in all formats (platforms, competition, and so on).
What I want from Sesame Workshop: I know that Warner Home Video will get the rights to release Sesame Street productions on DVD, and I'm hoping that we'll get some Sesame Street DVDs aimed at collectors. And hopefully we can get quite a few, maybe 2-4 a year. I'd like a third "Old School" set, and maybe some additional sets featuring full episodes from the first 20-25 years. And some multiple disc collections of only inserts (and maybe some bonus features) would also be nice. Maybe some chronological character sets like what Disney did with the Walt Disney Treasures sets, or some sets focusing on recurring sketches (I think only 2 or 3 discs would be needed for a complete Monsterpeice Theater box set). A box set of animated and film inserts might also be great.
And I'd like some new albums. Koch records has so far only reissued past albums. I think there should be some albums with newly-released contents. Maybe a release of newly-recorded music, plus new releases of songs that haven't been released. Sesame Workshop could check out my article about the top ten songs that haven't been on any albums, and there have also been countless songs form the last ten years that haven't been released on CD.
Well, that's my Muppet christmas wishlist for next year. I hope it comes true, making next Christmas more Muppety and merry.
The Muppet Mindset by Ryan Dosier.


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I can copy, but I can't draw HELP!
Hey you! Reader! Want to be a part of the GREATEST COMIC BOOK AND GEEK COMMUNITY on the web?! Well, they're not accepting new members, but we'll take anyone here, so why not sign up for a free acount? It's fast and it's easy, like your mom! Sign up today! Membership spots are limited!*
*Membership spots not really limited!
Hey you! Reader! Want to be a part of the GREATEST COMIC BOOK AND GEEK COMMUNITY on the web?! Well, they're not accepting new members, but we'll take anyone here, so why not sign up for a free acount? It's fast and it's easy, like your mom! Sign up today! Membership spots are limited!*
*Membership spots not really limited!
by sinosleep » Tue Aug 03, 2010 10:38 amI'm not talking about tracing, I mean setting a cover next to me and drawing it, usually larger, myself. Anytime I try to draw something on my own though I get nothing. I've bought books, but I wind up just copying those as well and not actually learning anything. Anyone else have this problem? Or have had it and have gotten past it?
by Keb » Tue Aug 03, 2010 10:39 amstart doing random doodles, and then those will get better. Then you can try grafitti, and before you know it, you'll be an outlaw tagging trains in the yard.
by sinosleep » Tue Aug 03, 2010 10:41 amMy random doodles look like the work of a 3rd grader. They discourage me.
by Greg » Tue Aug 03, 2010 10:41 amDoodling random shiznit used to help me. And doing very quick, small sketches or people in the area.
Join our art group. http://theouthousers.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47374
by eltopo » Tue Aug 03, 2010 11:32 amI have no idea that's pretty much what I do
by Herald » Tue Aug 03, 2010 12:47 pmThere's no substitute for practice. Sorry.
by eltopo » Tue Aug 03, 2010 12:48 pm
that's why I beat off constantly
by Benderbrau » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:06 pmIf you're talking about superhero covers then understanding anatomy is key. And I'm not talking about understanding them from the same angle that you see Wolverine posed in on a cover etc. I'm talking about understanding it three dimensionally. You have to be able to rotate the image in your mind and understand how muscles connect to one another and where they go even when they disappear from view. This helps with depth, shading, proportions. Pretty much everything.
by sinosleep » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:23 pm
I understand that but my brain doesn't seem to take. I used to use one of those poseable (why is this setting off the spell check) 5 inch wooden looking dummies when I was in art class in high school but I would just copy the damned thing. I would still need reference material the get the muscles right. My proportion also seems to go to shit without reference material unless it's buildings and such which I seem to able to do on my own just fine. It's irritating as hell.
by Greg » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:24 pm
Try changing up your style. Easier said than done, that I know. But that can help. Or using different tools. Draw with your opposite hand, etc.
by Benderbrau » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:38 pm
Meh. Needing reference material isn't a defeat.
Short story: I was taking a programming course in college and the exams were all closed book. I asked my professor why the exams were that way. He told me it was because we had to learn to not rely on the books. I asked him when was the last time he ever saw a software engineer who's desk wasn't covered in reference guides and manuals. The answer is: never.
Everyone leans on them from time to time. Even artists. Somewhere I have a book about Marvel comic's history and in it is a picture of Mark Texeira sitting at his desk drawing a page for an issue of Ghost Rider and his desk is littered in opened reference books and even other comics that he's clearly using a guide.
BTW: the wooden dummies suck. I have two. Never use them. They're anatomically inappropriate for most things except understand depth IMO. They do nothing to help with muscles, etc. For muscles you would need something akin to an action figure and even then that's only good for individual limbs. Neither option properly illustrates how muscles pull on each other at the joint.
The only good wooden mannequins are the ones for the hand IMO.
My best recommendation for guides to muscles are medical anatomy guides.
by Benderbrau » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:39 pm
Draw with your opposite hand?
by Greg » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:40 pm
Yeah. I draw/write with my right hand. I've found a lot of fun drawing with my left hand and helps me draw without worrying too much about it looking perfect. And sometimes it eases my mind to the point where when I finally switch back, I'm a lot more free with my pencil movements, etc.
by Benderbrau » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:42 pm
I can't even rub one out with my left hand. Let alone draw with it.
by Greg » Tue Aug 03, 2010 1:48 pm
Well, when it comes to rubbing one out, I actually use my left. Right hand feels so boring for that act.
Will you be joining the art group thread? It'd be really kool.
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Start by cutting off the mouth and eyes of the crab using a knife or kitchen shears. I used kitchen shears because I could cut using my non-dominant hand while the other wielded a camera but a knife works just as well. There is some goo behind the eyes. Use the tip of your knife or closed shears to scoop it out. Don't worry about the crabs moving around, the cold makes them pretty dopey and once you do this step, they are dead. Keep the rest of the crabs refrigerated while you work on each one.
Flip the crab over. That pointy bit is the apron. Bend it towards you.
Cut it off at the base of the crab.
The appearance of the apron depends on the sex of the crab. It might look like this. Cut it off in the same way.
Flip the crab over. Lift one side of the shell. It isn't attached on the ends so it will open easily. Those squishy pale things are the gills. Use your fingers to pull them out or your shears to cut them out. Repeat for the other side. You're done!
This is just to show you how the shell is attached to the crab. There are some organs in the the middle section but they will be thoroughly cooked when you cook the crab and are safe to eat. If you really want to remove them for some reason, you will have to cut the bottom of the shell. I don't bother. I think it makes some of the juices run out and I like a juicy crab.
Cleaned and ready to go!
Try this method of cooking them up!


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Walt Disney Limited Edition Donald Duck Serigraph Cel Donald's Golf Game 1938
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Walt Disney Limited Edition Donald Duck Serigraph Cel Donald's Golf Game 1938 :
Item Description:
1938 WALT DISNEY COMPANY LIMITED EDITION DONALD DUCK SERIGRAPH CEL FROM ORIGINAL "DONALD'S GOLF GAME" ART w/ COA - FRAMED Walt Disney Donald Duck Serigraph cel with Certificate of Authenticity. Created from the 1938 Disney Animated Fim, "Donald's Golf Game." Includes COA. See photos for details.
- Producing Company: Walt Disney Company
- Film: Donald's Golf Game (1938)
- Art Type: Serigraph Cel
- Frame Size: 19" x 16"
COA Reads:
"Certificate of Authenticity. This certificate has been specifically created to ensure the authenticity of the piece below: A Limited Edition Serigraph Cel from the Animated Film entitled "Donald's Golf Game" created by Walt Disney Studios released in 1938 featuring Donald Duck. This is to certify that all information and the statements contained are true and correct." SHIPPING QUOTES INCLUDE SHIPPING INSURANCE. Thank you for looking. apn/200
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Walt Disney Limited Edition Donald Duck Serigraph Cel Donald's Golf Game 1938 :
Disney Seircel Spirit Of America Le 2500 - Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, & Goofy
Disney Sericel Around The World W/"fab Five" 25th Anniv.original Box, Le 5000
Pinnochio Rare Brenda White Disney Ceramic Cell Only 250 Made
Nightmare Before Christmas Disney Sketches Three
Disney Studio Donald Art Canvas
Mickey Mouse Leader Of The Band Sericel Framed Disney Art Bill Justice 44/250


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So you have your beloved Android phone. You're making calls. Installing apps. All is right with the world. Well, almost everything. How to profess your love so others can see, everywhere and forever? Stencils, that's how.
And it helps that this Android stencil is all sorts of simplistic super sexy. With the $25 kit you receive:
- Stainless steel stencil
- Zebra mechanical pencil
- 2 UI Stencils stickers
Draft a wireframe, tag a wall or deface your rival's iPhone 4—the choice is yours. [UI Stencils via Android Guys via CrunchGear]


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Saturday, December 4, 2010
Not Many Kingdoms Left
12 comments:
Lovely lovely pictures. I really liek how the layout is done, like you said, it does have it's own personal touch! i'd like to get my hands on one of these beauties !ReplyDelete
Really nice! I would love to make one of my ownReplyDelete
- Lena ChazelleDecember 5, 2010 at 1:33 AM
did you do the zine yourself, by home-printing the photos, or to a special photo center?ReplyDelete
bonne continuation,
for now i'm doing them myself at homeReplyDelete
Great photobook!ReplyDelete
great idea, like it :)ReplyDelete
You've inspired me. Thank you.ReplyDelete
I just love the idea of zines, and I have been throwing around the idea of making one myself for a long while now... Can I ask you what printer and paper you use for your zine? It looks great :)ReplyDelete
They are so personal, special, and unqiue au monde...
zines are so charming and wonderful. i would certainly wish to buy one of yours if there ever happened to be a surplus!ReplyDelete
like it!! awesome pic.ReplyDelete
beautiful! just saw their publications in another blog too, good good!ReplyDelete


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Bears bench right tackle Carimi
The winds of change continued to blow Thursday at Halas Hall.
The latest change for Lovie Smith's slumping club came when struggling offensive right tackle Gabe Carimi was benched. He will be replaced by veteran Jonathan Scott, who was signed as a free agent Sept. 10 after he was cut by the Detroit Lions.
Left guard Chilo Rachal was demoted a day earlier in favor of Chris Spencer and stormed out of Halas Hall, quitting on the team. On Thursday he was placed on the reserve/non-football injury list, meaning he cannot play again this year.
Smith wouldn't confirm the latest move, but Carimi indicated that he had been benched when he said he "Just (worked with) the scout team," during Thursday's practice.
"It's obviously upsetting," said the 2011 first-round pick from Wisconsin. "But I've got a positive attitude about this. I'll come back from this. I know it."
Carimi was beaten for 3½ sacks Monday night against the San Francisco 49ers, and he has been penalized nine times this season, more than anyone on the team.
Smith refused to acknowledge the obvious.
"What move?" Smith said when asked about right tackle. "We don't talk about things like that, as you know. I know the offensive line is excited about playing again.
"Whenever you play the way we did (against the 49ers), you want to get back on the football field and play another game, and that's where we are."
Carimi has not played at the same high level since suffering a knee injury that necessitated surgery early in his rookie year after just 1½ games.
Offensive coordinator Mike Tice has praised Carimi's hard work but said that Carimi sometimes gets overaggressive and lets early mistakes compound themselves as the game progresses.
"I just messed up on a couple plays here and there," Carimi said. "I played good ball. I'm just inconsistent right now.
"Be it the knee or be it aggression, who knows what it is sometimes? But I know I will come back from this. I'm just going to keep on focusing and working hard, and I will be back out there eventually."
Carimi was informed of the demotion at Thursday's practice.
"They just told me the new guy is coming in," he said, "(and) keep on working hard like I always do."
The "new guy" is six-year veteran Scott, who has started 28 NFL games, including five last season and nine in 2010 for the Pittsburgh Steelers.
Scott said he had not been formally told he would start, but that's how the Bears practiced on Thanksgiving Day.
"(Thursday was) just getting in the flow of things, getting the mesh with the other guys," he said. "We're five interchangeable parts working as one, so I just have to be on their page, on the same page.
"I'm excited for any direction it may go."
With his own experience and help from his linemates, Scott is taking a confident approach.
"(It's) just knowing that you have the ability to play and play at a certain level that's expected on a professional stage," he said. "You also have to realize the help of my teammates to get me to that point.
"(Center) Roberto (Garza) has been momentous in helping me understand the scheme. (Guard) Lance (Louis) has definitely helped me just understanding the concept of the offense. I think that's definitely going to be instrumental for winning."
As for Rachal, the Bears are moving on without him. On Wednesday, undrafted rookie James Brown was promoted from the practice squad to the 53-man roster, and on Thursday guard Chris Riley was added to the practice squad.
Smith was asked if there's any chance of Rachal, who started the previous eight games, returning.
"I guess there's some hope," Smith said. "But right now he's not practicing with the team. That's about all I can really say on it.
"It's another thing we (have to) deal with. But we have other options. Team-wise, you have to look at it as an injury. Guys go down, and it's always about the next guy stepping up."


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created: 1998
The Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO) was formed in October 1998. Its general goal is to develop, improve and maintain a non-hydrostatic limited-area atmospheric model, to be used both for operational and for research applications by the members of the consortium. Moreover, within a licence agreement, the COSMO model may be used for operational and research applications by other national (hydro-)meteorological services, universities and research institutes.
Today, the consortium, has as members these national meteorological services (presented in date-of-join order) :
Additionally, these regional and military services within the member states are also participating:
The COSMO-Model is also used by other academic communities, who adapted it to their needs:


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Choosing the Right Law School / Give me a break...Penn Still Pending!« on: April 08, 2005, 09:12:15 PM »
Has anyone still not heard from Penn?? I thought I would be an automatic reject, but I am still waiting on them? Do you think I actually hae a chance?
Is anyone else in the same boat?
Is anyone else in the same boat?


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Hey, IT administrators – are you the seasoned veteran when it comes to BlackBerry® Enterprise Server experience, or are you a newbie just starting out? No matter what your skill level may be, we've got a comprehensive suite of BlackBerry Enterprise Server version 5.0x courses that can help you get the most out of your product.
Overall, our BlackBerry platform training takes a "roll up your sleeves" approach to learning, which is a great fit when it comes to sharpening your skills with the BlackBerry Enterprise Server. As a participant, you'll get to train with a simulated BlackBerry Enterprise Server environment and have access to an array of hands-on labs and classroom activities. It will also provide a fantastic opportunity to interact with fellow BlackBerry Administrators, so you can exchange tips and tricks you might have picked up!


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- Browse Buick Inventory -
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3rd April 2013
Costa del Sol
Botanical Gardens in Andalusia
As far as the world beauty is concerned the gardens are surely the crown jewels. The beauty, the style, the plant combination and most of all the history that hides behind them make the gardens unique by nature and purpose. Discover with us the most spectacular gardens of Andalusia. LA CONCEPCIÓN- BOTANICAL GARDEN IN MÁLAGA Andalusia's best kept garden is located on the north of Malaga city. The garden was created in the 1850s by Amalia Heredia Livermore and her husband Jorge Loring Oyarzabal. With over a thousand species of plants, hundred-year-old trees, as well as native and exotic flowers, […]