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Green Blog Project - Summer 2007 Roundup
It's finally here. The roundup for the Green Blog Project - Summer 2007 event. This was started by Inji pennu of myinjimanga. I read about the Green Blog Project - Summer 2006 event, when I had just started blogging in Aug 2006 and I decided to participate. When I saw the roundup, I was excited to see so many other fellow bloggers growing vegetables and fruits at home and going the organic way. Then Mandira of ahar hosted the Green Blog Project- Winter/Spring 2007 event. Even though it gets pretty cold in Colorado and most veggies dont survive, I decided to grow some herbs indoors and participate. I was surprised to see so many entries at the roundup and realized that there a lot of winter gardeners out there. Both these events were very encouraging and I got good tips and ideas to try new plants this year. So when Inji pennu asked me if I would host this year's event I was more than happy to do so.
Sorry for the delay in posting the roundup. I had 4 of my wisdom teeth extracted 2 weeks ago and developed a dry socket. So was totally drugged with pain killers till the beginning of this week. I am still in pain and eating only mashed food and the dentist thinks it could take up to a month to heal. This roundup was a good deviation for me and I was drooling over all the lovely entries. I hope I get better soon and start trying out these dishes.
This is the first time I am hosting an event so please bear with me if the roundup looks a little messed up. Also I would like to thank my wonderful husband for his constant support and encouragement for my blogging ventures. He helped me a lot with this roundup and gave me feedback, while I was working on this. Without further delay let's start with the entries.
Gini of salt and pepper made Pesto from basil grown at home and served it with cold angel hair pasta for dinner. Also since it does not use the food processor there is less cleaning up required.
Mishmash of kitchenmishmash made Hot Crostini with sweet basil that she grows in her balcony. She has a small herb garden containing mint, sweet basil, cilantro, parsley, oregano, rosemary and chillies and calls it her small beautiful green forest. She says that the crostini's tasted fresh and looked colorful and takes only 10min of preparation time.
Then she made Mast Va Khiar (Yogurt cucumber salad - middle eastern style) with mint from her herb garden. She also has a very innovative idea of serving this in cucumber boats.
Rp of myworksh0p made Roasted Potatoes with her new potatoes that she harvested early in the summer. New potatoes are immature, small potatoes and she says that since they have a thin skin they can be cooked with the skin on.
Also she made a quick Sambar with home grown plum tomatoes. She says that growing them is easier than regular tomatoes as one plant yields lots of tomatoes and its also perfect for snacking.
Bubbalili of bubbalili made Masala Morkuzhambu with home grown pepper, tomato, okra, cucumber and green bell pepper. She was very proud to use the bounty of veggies that she harvested and her toddler made a choo choo train with the harvest.
Sridevi of sreelus made Chapathi/Roti Fry with tomatoes, curry leaves and lemon that she grew at home. She gets immense joy to see her saplings grow and fruit and is attached to her plants as they all have a significant story or incident associated with it.
Also, because of the beautiful weather she got a bounty of tomatoes and she made a delicious Tomato Chat Masala. Even though she was skeptical, her plants did survive without her around, for 2 months.
Vee of keeptrying planted some turmeric and called for divine intervention. Her prayers were answered and she made Patholi from fresh turmeric leaves for Nagpanchami. She also has a step-by-step pictorial of making the dish.
Linda of out of the garden made a special Garden Veggie Sambar with tomatoes, brinjal, green beans, okra and summer squash from her backyard. She dedicates the recipe to all the people who offered her advice and encouragement in her quest for a backyard garden.
Bharathi of spicychilly made Curry Leaves Powder with her own plants that survived the scorching summer in Tamil Nadu. Even though most of her plants died she saved her curry leaf plants by watering them twice every day and the shade from the shrubs helped them.
Asha of foodieshope made Tilwali Milijuli Subzi with eggplants, green beans and peppers from her garden. Even though the summer was HOT she managed to grow okra, eggplants, peppers, red and white radishes, amaranth, bottle gourd and cucumbers.
Lissie of salt and spice made Bitter Gourd Thoran from bitter gourds that she planted this year. She harvested pumpkins successfully and that encouraged her to grow bitter gourds and she has been harvesting enough bitter gourds every week to make a dish.
Sharmi of neivedyam made Beans Aloo Subzi from beans grown in pots in her apartment window. She misses her huge garden back home but still managed to grow a variety of plants in her apartment.
She then made Masaledar Bhindi from okra that she grew. She also grows mint and cilantro in her apartment.
She also used the okra to make Bendakaya Perugu Pachadi (okra in yogurt sauce).
With the fresh methi leaves she made Methi Aloo.
Annita of my treasure my pleasure made Cheera Thoran from India cheera (kerala spinach) seeds that she got from her friend. Even though she harvested a small bunch this year she managed to make colorful thoran with it and also has preserved some seeds for next year.
She also made Hariyali Murg with mint leaves from her patio garden.
Richa of as dear as salt made Paneer, Red & Green Bell Pepper in whey gravy, from fresh red and green bell pepper from her own garden. She also grew eggplants, cucumber, tomatoes, cantaloupe and okra in her backyard.
Sunita of sunita's world made Mixed Vegetables from runner beans from her garden. This was part of her daughter's school project and her daughter tended to the bean plant and took good care of it.
Jai and Bee of Jugalbandi had quite a harvest this year. From their blogs I know that they try to eat healthy and organic and the pictures from their garden reflect their hard work. They have 3 big vegetable patches in the garden and grow a variety of vegetables and fruits.
They made a healthy snack and juice from cucumbers.
They made Spring Salad with the different variety of greens (rainbow chard, spinach, pea shoots, romaine and curly red) they grew and with herbs from their garden.
They made Strawberry Ice Cubes with the two varieties of strawberries that they grew. They add the ice cubes to lemonades and drinks or blend them into icecreams or sorbets.
They made Xacuti a Goan dish from fresh cauliflower.
With the cauliflower leaves, Bee made crispy Cauliflower Leaf Pakoras, Cauliflower Leaf and Onion Bhajias and Cauliflower Leaf Spirals.
They made Methi Malai Buns and Valor Muthia Nu Shak with fresh methi leaves.
With the raspberries they made Ridiculously Easy IceCream which takes almost no time to prepare.
It rained radishes in their garden and they made a variety of dishes with radish and radish leaves. They made Radish Coconut Chutney, Mujj Chatin, Mulyachi Koshimbir, Mooli Paratha, Mooli Mouse, Mooli Sabzi with Punjabi Wadi, Sirkewali Mooli, Radish Leaves Bhruji, Mulo Shaak and Radish Leaves Haak.
They made a bold statement with the Taste of Red Fruit Salad that they made with watermelon from their garden.
With peas and pea pods they made Matter Paneer, Risi E Bisi and Pea pod and Mint Soup.
They made Egg Fried Rice with colorful purple spring onions.
The Gentleman Farmer of the duo grew Crookneck Squash and Bee used it as a Pizza topping.
With Colocasia (Arvi/Taro) leaves they made Taro Dal. They say that the leaves are abundant with nutrition.
They made Brussels Sprouts with Lemon-Mustard Sauce with fresh brussels sprouts.
They used the Brussels sprouts leaves to make a tasty Haak.
They made Potato Bhaji with the yukon gold potatoes that they grew. They harvested about 3 pound of potatoes just from one seed potato.
They planted 4 different varieties of tomatoes (Beefsteak, Roma, Cherry tomato and Husky) and harvested a lot of fresh tomatoes. They used both red ripe tomatoes and green ones. They preserved most of their tomatoes to be used later and with the green tomatoes they made Fried Green tomatoes.
They made a Roasted Green Tomato, Poblano and Avocado Salsa using green tomatoes and poblano pepper fresh from their garden.
They used lavender from the two different types of bushes that they have (Munstead and Hidcote) and made their favorite Chocolate Pudding infused with Lavender.
With the okras they made a traditional Rajasthani dish, Besanwale Bhindi.
Hats off to both Jai and Bee for their hard work and detailed gardening posts.
For my part, we have three vegetable patches each 2ft by 4ft in my backyard. Both me and my husband, we enjoy gardening and he helps me a lot with it. We also grow mint, curry leaves, lime in pots so that I can bring them indoors during winter. This year we harvested tomatoes, okra, beans, carrot, radish, spinach and watermelon.
I made Carrot and Mint Rice with fresh carrots from my backyard and mint that I grow in a pot. It was a full meal by itself and I served it with just raitha.
With the radish and spinach I made a Simple Dinner Salad. I use the small leaves from my spinach plant for salads and use the bigger ones in dal or subzi.
After wasting a lot of my radish leaves I found out that they can be consumed. So I made Radish Leaves Poriyal with them just like the way I would make with spinach.
For a change, my husband suggested I try something different with the spinach that we harvested. In fact he helped me search on the net for this recipe and so I made a healthy Spinach Dip and served it with fresh veggies and bread.
I made Sorbet with the watermelon. They were naturally sweet and we ended up eating most of the melons just fresh or making juice out of it.
Padmaja Koti of spicy andhra used her tomatoes to make Green Tomato Chutney and Green Tomato Dal. She gives all credits to her husband and her 6yr old for maintaining a beautiful garden. Her tomatoes survived well when she went on vacation and she says that they are the easiest to start for first time gardeners.
Sheela Preuitt of delectable visuals has a lovely presentation of her garden and veggies that she grows. They had their garden soil tested and accordingly amended it with additional nutrients. They do their own composting and also do not use pesticides and fertilizers and so have organic home grown vegetables.
With eggplants she made Sauteed Eggplant, Ennai Kathrikkai, Thai Red Curry, Godshu and Eggplant Rasavangi.
With greens she made an Ethiopian Meal, Creamy Chards Soup and Chards Masiyal.
With potatoes she made Potatoes Lyonnaise and Swiss Rosti.
With summer squash she made Summer Squash and Eggplant dish.
With raspberries she made Raspberry Chipotle Chicken.
Inji of myinjimanga, the creator of this event has so many wonderful plants in her garden. She grows a lot of tropical plants be it vegetables or fruits or flower and I envy her garden so much.
From fresh mangoes from her mango tree she made Green Mango Chammanthi.
She made Vaazhakoombu Thoran or Banana Flower Fry with banana flower from her very own banana plant.
Indira of Mahanandi made Taro Leaf Dal with the leaves from her Taro plant. She planted a healthy looking taro root and in two months had a young plant with healthy leaves.
That ends the roundup for the Green Blog Project - Summer 2007 event. Hope all you guys enjoyed your gardening experience as much as I did and will continue this effort in the future. The next Green Blog Project - Winter event is going to be hosted by our very own Injipennu, the brain behind this whole idea. I hope like me, all you guys are also looking forward to growing some winter veggies.
Thank you all for participating and please let me know if I have missed any entries.
Note: Updated with rp of myworksh0p's sambar entry and corrected Bharathy of Spicychilly's Curry leaf powder link.


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Arkham Asylum opened the gate and ushered in a serious comic book game that accurately portrayed the feeling of Batman and his psychotic relationship with the Joker. Arkham City cemented the realized world of Arkham and introduced even more of Batman's rogue gallery. Now, Batman Arkham Origins explores the early career of the Caped Crusader and showcases the first meetings between him and his deadliest enemies. When eight deadly assassins descend onto Gotham on Christmas Eve to take out Batman, the Dark Knight must overcome his greatest challenge yet. Now, we take a look at the eight deadliest assassin's in the D.C. Universe to see who may make an appearance in the game.
I AM SO PUMPED FOR THIS. I'm glad that it's not just a boring origins story -- and I honestly have pretty good confidence in WB Studios, as they've already promised to stay true to the already awesome Arkham series. I can't wait to constantly squabble with the GCPD and the side-mission involving them is something I'm way excited for...
Okay, but on-topic, I totally agree with Tahlia and Deadshot being huge possibilties. I would LOVE to see Lady Shiva as part of the lineup, if even to give Cassandra Cain some kind of attention by proxy. Everyone else, for me, is up in the air. Also, er, Penguin's confirmed, but that's been known.
Anyway, awesome article, and great predictions!
The Puffin Bird...Danny Davito needs to voice this villain.
I'm looking forward to this game but Rocksteady not doing it is a bit of a concern.

subset: commoncrawl


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1. catchment_area - noun
· the entire geographical area drained by a river and its tributaries; an area characterized by all runoff being conveyed to the same outlet; "flood control in the Missouri basin"
Synonym(s): river_basin, basin, watershed, drainage_basin, catchment_basin, drainage_area
Hypernym(s): geographical_area, geographic_area, geographical_region, geographic_region
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Pentagon Broke the Law with Bergdahl Exchange
WASHINGTON (AP) — Congressional investigators say the Pentagon violated the law when it swapped five Taliban leaders for Army Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl, who was held prisoner in Afghanistan for five years.
The nonpartisan Government Accountability Office says the Defense Department's failure to notify the relevant congressional committees at least 30 days in advance of the exchange broke the law. The GAO also says the Pentagon's use of funds to conduct the transfer, when no money was available, was a violation of the Antideficiency Act which bars spending by agencies above the amount of money that Congress has obligated.
In May, five senior Taliban were released from Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, in exchange for Bergdahl, who had disappeared in 2009. Under exchange terms, the five Taliban are to remain in Qatar for a year.


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R. B. Parrish's piece in The American Thinker is a stinging indictment of a media that doesn't worry about destroying the innocent when it wants to hype a story. (And Mr. Parrish links to our piece on Hofstra.)
Excerpt: "When the Duke players were first accused (falsely), the media had a field day telling us how the wealthy white prep-school graduates had wantonly abused and then raped a poor working woman of color. There was no in-between to this fable, no degree of uncertainty, not even the slightest space between pure good and pure evil in the accounting of spoiled males sunk in depravity and their innocent (and very politically correct) victim.
"It was only grudgingly that the media finally admitted that they might have a few facts wrong; but by then the impressions had sunk in. That the father of one of the accused had been raised by a black family; that the father of another grew up poor but after he made his fortune used a chunk of it for black education and for building medical clinics in Africa, somehow never made it into print. That would have disrupted the pure morality tale. And it didn't matter anyway; as Evan Thomas of Newsweek explained his magazine's hyping of the story: 'The facts were wrong, but the narrative was right.'" Read it all here.
Monday, February 27, 2012
FRS cited in American Thinker: "So Now It's the Lacrosse Murder"
Posted by Archivist at Monday, February 27, 2012


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I enjoyed VHoS a lot and would be sorry to see it go.
With most of the game balancing already done for release, I think it makes a lot more sense to add an item that might be lackluster than one that might be gamebreaking. It can eventually be tweaked if necessary, or combo with some game mechanism that exists only in a future version.


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Cable Access Technologies
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Historically, CATV has been a unidirectional medium designed to carry broadcast analog video channels to the maximum number of customers at the lowest possible cost. Since the introduction of CATV more than 50 years ago, little has changed beyond increasing the number of channels supported. The technology to provide high-margin, two-way services remained elusive to the operator.
Historically, CATV has been a unidirectional medium designed to carry broadcast analog video channels to the maximum number of customers at the lowest possible cost. Since the introduction of CATV more than 50 years ago, little has changed beyond increasing the number of channels supported. The technology to provide high-margin, two-way services remained elusive to the operator.
Latest revision as of 21:09, 16 October 2012
Historically, CATV has been a unidirectional medium designed to carry broadcast analog video channels to the maximum number of customers at the lowest possible cost. Since the introduction of CATV more than 50 years ago, little has changed beyond increasing the number of channels supported. The technology to provide high-margin, two-way services remained elusive to the operator.
During the 1990s, with the introduction of direct broadcast satellite (DBS) and digital subscriber line (DSL), the cable operators experienced a serious challenge to their existence by competing technologies threatening to erode market share of their single product.
DBS operators marketed more choice and better quality entertainment product through digital technology, whereas the incumbent local exchange carriers (LEC) proposed to offer a combination of voice, video, and data by means of DSL.
Fearing loss of market share and the need to offer advanced services to remain economically viable, key multiple system operators (MSOs) formed the Multimedia Cable Network System Partners, Ltd. (MCNS), with the purpose of defining a product and system standard capable of providing data and future services over CATV plants. MCNS proposed a packet-based (IP) solution in contention with a cell-based (ATM) solution promoted by IEEE 802.14. MCNS partners included Comcast Cable Communications, Cox Communications, Tele-Communications Inc., Time Warner Cable, MediaOne, Rogers CableSystems, and Cable Television Laboratories (CableLabs).
The Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) 1.0 standard that resulted from the MCNS effort was unanimously accepted as the North American standard, and vendors aggressively introduced products in compliance with this standard. MSOs defined upgrade and construction programs to increase the supporting bandwidth of their plants and to provide two-way functionality.
The DOCSIS 1.0 standard prescribes multivendor interoperability and promotes a retail model for the consumer's direct purchase of a cable modem (CM) of choice. To ensure multivendor interoperability, CableLabs subjects all products offered to rigorous testing. Equipment successfully passing all tests will be CableLabs Qualified for head-end Cable Modem Terminating System (CMTS), and CableLabs Certified for CM devices.
To date, the DOCSIS 1.0 standard is proving to be a universal success, with deployments now in operation worldwide.
CableLabs, in conjunction with the vendor and user communities, is now in the process of defining DOCSIS 1.1 for the purpose of supporting Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and advanced security, and is also paving the way for advanced future multimedia services.
Evolution from One-Way Broadcast to Two-Way Hybrid Fiber Coax
A CATV network consists of a head-end location where all incoming signals are received and, regardless of their source, frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) is applied, amplified, and transmitted downstream for distribution to the complete cable plant.
Original CATV networks, as shown in Figure: A Simple, One-Way Video Broadcast Topology Using Coaxial Cabling Exclusively, were exclusively one-way, comprised of diverse amplifiers in cascade to compensate for the intrinsic signal loss of the coaxial cable in series with taps to couple video signal from the main trunks to subscriber homes via drop cables.
Figure: A Simple, One-Way Video Broadcast Topology Using Coaxial Cabling Exclusively
Besides being unidirectional, the long amplifier cascades resulted in a system with high noise that was inherently unreliable and failure-prone, in addition to being susceptible to lightning strikes and ingress noise from foreign radio frequency (RF) signals.
The first significant improvement to the CATV plant was the introduction of fiber-optic technology and the advent of the HFC plant (see Figure: Simple HFC Distribution Network).
Figure: Simple HFC Distribution Network
Portions of the coaxial cable and supporting amplification elements are replaced with multifiber optic cable from a head end or hub location. The aggregated video signal is used to modulate a downstream laser, which transmits the optical signal to an optical node, which in turn converts the signal from an optical to an electrical signal that can then be propagated downstream to the entire customer serving area.
It can be readily seen that the introduction of the fiber can significantly reduce the number of cascaded amplifiers consequently improving system reliability, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the downstream video signal, and potential system bandwidth. In addition, this makes the system ready for the next step to two-way operation. As an added benefit, HFC reduces operational and maintenance costs, and improves the immunity of the system to ingress noises.
Two-way operation is achieved by the addition of requisite upstream amplifiers in the amplifier housings, the addition of a narrow-band upstream laser in the optical node, a dedicated upstream fiber to the head end, and a compatible optical receiver to convert any upstream information to an electrical signal. When all components are in place, proper return path alignment is required.
By means of adding an optical RING topography, the cable network affords greater reliability, supports greater bandwidth with the capability to transport more information, and is ready to support two-way operation by the simple addition of requisite components, as illustrated in Figure: Advanced HFC Network with Ring Topography.
Figure: Advanced HFC Network with Ring Topography
Network robustness, scalability, and flexibility is further improved by the introduction of the intermediate hub from which advanced services can ultimately be launched.
The HFC network and topography as outlined become the basic building blocks for developing access transport capabilities needed by the MSOs to compete in the dynamic communication environment.
Limitations and Specifications of the HFC Plant
The HFC network has the potential to offer tremendous bandwidth in the downstream or forward direction from the head end or hub to the customer. Depending upon the extent of the plant upgrade, the available bandwidth could be as much as from 54 to 860 MHz. Downstream channel bandwidths are determined by the individual country's video broadcast standards.
The historical broadcast video channel assignments limit the upstream or reverse direction from the customer to the spectrum between 5 to 42 MHz. This upstream spectrum is frequently hostile to return path connectivity due to the ingress of foreign interfering signals such as ham radio citizen band (CB), among other legitimate RF emissions.
Table: Downstream Cable Specifications summarizes the specifications for the downstream direction.
A DOCSIS system must provide greater than 99 percent availability when forwarding 1500-byte packets at the rate of at least 100 packets per second. To achieve these criteria, certain CATV performance specifications are mandated on both the upstream and downstream spectrum.
Table: Downstream Cable Specifications
|Assumes nominal analog video carrier level (peak envelope power) in a 6-MHz channel with all conditions present concurrently and referenced to frequencies greater than 88 MHz
RF channel spacing (BW)
6 MHz
Transit delay, CMTS to most distant customer
Less than or equal to 0.800 ms
CNR in a 6-MHz band
Not less than 35 dB (analog video level)
C/I ratio for total power (discrete and broadband ingress signals)
Not less than 35 dB within the design BW
Composite triple-beat distortion for analog-modulated carriers
Not greater than -50 dBc within the design BW
Composite second-order distortion for analog-modulated carriers
Not greater than -50 dBc within the design BW
Cross-modulation level
Not greater than -40 dBc within the design BW
Amplitude ripple
0.5 dB within the design BW
Group delay ripple in the spectrum occupied by the CMTS
75 ns within the design BW
Microreflections bound for dominant echo
-10 dBc at less than or equal to 0.5 ms
Carrier hum modulation
Not greater than -26 dBc (5 percent)
Burst noise
Less than 25 ms at a 10 Hz average rate
Seasonal and diurnal signal level variation
8 dB
Signal level slope (50 to 750 MHz)
16 dB
Maximum analog video carrier level at the CM input, inclusive of above signal level variations
17 dBmV
Lowest analog video carrier level at the CM input, inclusive of above signal level variation
-5 dBmV
Table: Upstream Cable Specifications summarizes the specifications for the upstream direction.
Good engineering, design, and maintenance practices for CATV plants ensure that these traditional video parameters can easily be met and maintained for operational systems. Parameters of primary concern, however, relate to signal level and noise.
Table: Upstream Cable Specifications
|Assumes all conditions present concurrently
Frequency range
5 to 42 MHz, edge to edge
Transit delay, most distant CM to nearest CM or CMTS
Less than or equal to 0.800 ms
Carrier-to-noise ratio
Not less than 25 dB
Carrier-to-ingress power (the sum of discrete and broadband ingress signals) ratio
Not less than 25 dB
Carrier-to-interference (the sum of noise, distortion, common path distortion, and cross-modulation) ratio
Not less than 25 dB
Carrier hum modulation
Not greater than -23 dBc (7 percent)
Burst noise
Not longer than 10 ms at a 1 kHz average rate for most cases
Amplitude ripple
0.5 dB/MHz (5 - 42 MHz)
Group delay ripple
200 ns/MHz (5 - 42 MHz)
Microreflections: single echo
-10 dBc at less than or equal to 0.5 ms
Seasonal and diurnal signal level variation
Not greater than 8 dB min to max
The greater challenge for the operator is to realize sufficient usable upstream bandwidth to achieve the systems throughput requirements for data or other services. The limited upstream bandwidth must often be shared with other services, ranging from impulse pay-per-view (IPPV), telemetry, and alarm gathering information from the active elements in the cable plant, as well as having to compete with interfering signals that radiate into the lower frequency range.
Because of the limited and often-hostile upstream bandwidth, the hardware design must implement diverse countermeasures to mitigate the effects of both fixed and transient harmful noise. In addition, the network designer must choose from the available remaining spectrum and often must implement bandwidth compromises for a DOCSIS deployment.
A combination of upstream signal quality measured by carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR), anticipated market penetration, services offered, and available upstream spectrum will ultimately dictate the physical configuration of the return-path physical layer.
DOCSIS Standards, Signaling Protocols, and Applications
The DOCSIS interface specifications enabled the development and deployment of data-over-cable systems on a nonproprietary, multivendor, interoperable basis for transparent bidirectional transfer of Internet Protocol (IP) traffic between the cable system head end and customer locations over an all-coaxial or hybrid-fiber/coax (HFC) cable network.
The system consists of a CMTS located at the head end, a coaxial or HFC medium, and a CM located at the premises of the customer, in conjunction with DOCSIS-defined layers that support interoperability and evolutionary feature capabilities to permit future value-added services.
DOCSIS layer definitions are as follows:
- IP network layer
- Data link layer comprised of:
- Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer conforming to Ethernet standards
- Link security sublayer for basic privacy, authorization, and authentication
- Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer for operation supporting variable-length protocol data units (PDU) and featuring:
- CMTS control of contention and reservation transmission opportunities
- A stream of minislots in the upstream
- Bandwidth efficiency through variable-length packets
- Extensions for the future support of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) or other types of PDU
- Support for multiple grade of service and wide range of data rates
- Physical (PHY) layer comprised of:
- Downstream convergence layer conforming to MPEG-2 (Rec. H.222.0)
- Physical Media Dependent (PMD) sublayer for:
- Downstream based on ITU-T Rec J.83 Annex B with either 64 or 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), concatenation of Reed-Solomon and Trellis forward error correction (FEC), in addition to variable-depth interleaving
- Upstream, employing:
- Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or 16 QAM
- Support for multiple symbol rates
- CM controlled and programmable from the CMTS
- Frequency agility
- Support for fixed-frame and variable-length PDU formats
- Time-division multiple access (TDMA)
- Programmable Reed-Solomon FEC and preambles
- Capability to support future physical layer technologies
In addition, the specification defines means by which a CM can self-discover the appropriate upstream and downstream frequencies, bit rates, modulation format, error correction, and power levels. To maintain equitable service levels, individual CMs are not allowed to transmit except under defined and controlled conditions.
The DOCSIS layers are represented by Figure: DOCSIS and OSI Protocol Layers and are compared with the classic OSI layer.
Figure: DOCSIS and OSI Protocol Layers
The DOCSIS physical layer permits considerable flexibility to ensure quality transmission can be achieved over cable plants of varying quality. Of significance are the optional upstream channel bandwidths and modulation choices available for both the upstream and downstream signal flows.
Based upon bandwidth and modulation options, in addition to DOCSIS-specified symbol rates, the total and effective data rates of DOCSIS facilities are summarized in Table: Nominal DOCSIS Downstream Data Rates in 6-MHz Channel, Table: Nominal DOCSIS Upstream Data Rates for 16 QAM and Table: Nominal DOCSIS Upstream Data Rates for 16 QAM. The overhead generated by FEC inefficiency represents the difference between the respective rates.
Table: Nominal DOCSIS Downstream Data Rates in 6-MHz Channel
Modulation type
Symbol rate
5.057 MSs
5.360 MSs
Total data rate
30.34 Mbps
42.9 Mbps
Effective data rate
27 Mbps
38 Mbps
Table: Nominal DOCSIS Upstream Data Rates for QPSK
200 kHz
400 kHz
800 kHz
1600 kHz
3200 kHz
Symbol rate
0.16 MSs
0.32 MSs
0.64 MSs
1.28 MSs
2.56 MSs
Total data rate
0.32 Mbps
0.64 Mbps
1.28 Mbps
2.56 Mbps
5.12 Mbps
Effective data rate
0.3 Mbps
0.6 Mbps
1.2 Mbps
2.3 Mbps
4.6 Mbps
Table: Nominal DOCSIS Upstream Data Rates for 16 QAM
200 kHz
400 kHz
800 kHz
1600 kHz
3200 kHz
Symbol rate
0.16 MSs
0.32 MSs
0.64 MSs
1.28 MSs
2.56 MSs
Total data rate
0.64 Mbps
1.28 Mbps
2.56 Mbps
5.12 Mbps
10.24 Mbps
Effective Data Rate
0.6 Mbps
1.2 Mbps
2.3 Mbps
4.5 Mbps
9 Mbps
DOCSIS further specifies that for a system to become functional and operational, mandatory servers must interface the CMTS and CM deployments. These servers include the following:
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server, as defined by RFC 2181. This server provides needed IP addresses for both the CM and subsequent PC devices that follow.
- Time of Day (TOD) server, as defined by RFC 868 for the purpose of time-stamping operational system events.
- Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server, as defined by RFC 1350 for the purpose of registering and downloading CM configuration files for individual customer service. These configurations could include quality of service (QoS) parameters, baseline privacy (BPI) implementation, operating frequency assignments, the number of host devices, and so on.
For large-scale deployments, it is recommended that these servers be supported by dedicated hardware platforms to ensure rapid system response and scalability.
The DOCSIS specifications dictate a CM registration process as represented in Figure: Cable Modem Registration Sequence. In an environment equipped with a CMTS and supported with the required servers, a CM scans the downstream spectrum when it is initially powered on for a compatible RF channel carrying data adhering to DOCSIS physical layer characteristics. The CMTS periodically broadcasts upstream channel descriptors (UCD) over the DS channel, from which a CM will learn its assigned upstream operational frequency. The CM has now established both a US and a DS frequency.
Figure: Cable Modem Registration Sequence
The CMTS periodically transmits upstream bandwidth allocation maps (henceforth referred to as MAP) in shared time slots in the DS direction.
The CMTS assigns a temporary service identifier (SID) (typically SID = 0) to the CM, which begins a coarse power ranging (R1 using 3 dB increments) and time synchronization process between itself and the CMTS on a contention basis using shared time slots.
The CMTS periodically sends keepalive messages to verify link continuity between itself and all CM units in the same domain. When a CM receives its first keepalive message, it reverts to a fine power ranging (R2 using 0.25 dB increments).
Following the R2 process, a CM is considered to have established a link between itself and the CMTS, but the link will be broken if 16 consecutive keepalive messages are lost.
On a contention basis in shared time slots, using a temporary SID, a CM forwards a bandwidth request to the CMTS, which in turn forwards a grant to the CM, permitting it to forward upstream information in allocated time slots. The CM subsequently makes a DHCP discovery followed by a DHCP request. The CMTS forwards a DHCP acknowledgment from the DHCP server containing an IP address, a default gateway, the addresses of a TFTP and TOD server, and a TFTP configuration file name.
The CM subsequently initiates the TOD and TFTP process. From the TFTP server, the CM receives a configuration file containing QoS, security, applicable frequency assignments, and any new software images.
The CM forwards this configuration file to the CMTS and initiates a registration request. If the configuration file is valid, the CMTS assigns the CM a permanent SID and registers the CM to online status.
Following registration, the CM optionally initiates the activation of the 56-bit DES encryption algorithm to provide security between the CMTS and itself over the cable plant.
As CMs register, their individual status can be monitored remotely via access commands to the CMTS. Table: List and Definition of Show Cable Modem State Commands from a Cisco CMTS defines status messages from a Cisco universal broadband router.
Table: List and Definition of Show Cable Modem State Commands from a Cisco CMTS
|Message Definition
Modem is considered offline
Modem is sent initial ranging
Modem is ranging
Ranging is complete
DHCP request was received
DHCP reply was received; IP address was assigned
TOD request was received
TFTP request was received
Modem is registered and enabled for data
Modem is registered, but network access for the CM is disabled
Modem is registered, BPI is enabled, and KEK was assigned
Modem is registered, BPI is enabled, and TEK was assigned
Modem did attempt to register; registration was refused due to bad MIC
Modem did attempt to register; registration was refused due to bad COS
KEK modem key assignment was rejected
TEK modem key assignment was rejected
DOCSIS prescribes that data forwarding through the CMTS may be transparent bridging or, as an alternate, may employ network layer routing or IP switching. It also specifies that data forwarding through the CM is link layer transparent bridging with modifications allowing the support of multiple network layers.
In addition, DOCSIS defines generic CMTS and CM hardware specifications to ensure multivendor interoperability in field deployments. These are summarized in Table: A Generic CMTS Hardware Specification.
Table: A Generic CMTS Hardware Specification
Frequency range
5 to 42 MHz (5 to 65 MHz offshore)
200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200 kHz
Modulation modes
QPSK or 16 QAM
Symbol rates
160, 320, 640, 1280, 2560 Ksymbols/sec
CMTS power level range
For the DOCSIS availability criteria to be realized or exceeded, the hardware must support noise-mitigating countermeasures or properties to operate in the hostile upstream. For the upstream, the operator has a choice of either QPSK or 16 QAM enabling operation within a degraded CNR, but with reduced spectral efficiency.
Additionally, forward error correction (FEC) can be optionally configured to reduce the amount of data corrupted by noise. Furthermore, an optimal upstream BW can be selected by the operator to fit data channels between either noisy spectrum or spectrum assigned to other services.
The last countermeasure available is a concept of spectrum management, in which the selected upstream frequency, modulation, and channel bandwidth can be altered to ensure reliable access transmission between the CMTS and CM in case of transitory noise periods.
The physical characteristics of the generic DOCSIS 1.0 hardware, noise-mitigating countermeasures, and the associated cable plant parameters have been defined and specified in Table: Generic CM Hardware Specification. Based on this information, and knowing the actual cable plants characteristics, the operator can now consider deploying hardware to develop a network.
Table: Generic CM Hardware Specification
CM power level range:
QPSK: 8 to 58 dBmV
Transmission level
-6 to -10 dBc
DOCSIS Hardware Deployment and Resulting Service Capabilities
Assuming HFC CATV topography as shown in Figure: CMTS Deployment Possibilities in a Typical HFC CATV Plant, CMTS equipment could be deployed at both the hub and the head end locations. For the purpose of this application, the Cisco universal broadband router is considered. The uBR7246 is an integrated router with a capacity of up to four CMTS units, with CMTS units available with one downstream port and from one to six upstream ports. In addition, the universal broadband router can be equipped for backbone connectivity from a large selection of port adapters, ranging from T1/E1 serial to Packet Over SONET (POS), to Dynamic Packet Transport (DPT) and from 10BaseT Ethernet to High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI).
Figure: CMTS Deployment Possibilities in a Typical HFC CATV Plant
When selecting the backbone connection option, an assessment of the total backbone traffic and the available medium must be considered. In all likelihood, for our example, the backbone from the hub location would be transported optically to the head end, where all traffic would be aggregated by either a router or an IP switch before being forwarded to the Internet or to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). Often, the MSO will provision a cache engine at the head end to reduce the bandwidth to the Internet and consequently reduce the facility lease cost.
Connectivity to the PSTN is often required to support either dialup Internet service, voice, or Telco return data service.
Telco return, if available from the MSO, is as an interim service offering because its plant topography has not been fully upgraded to two-way operation. In such applications, a high-speed downstream connection is established over the HFC plant, whereas the upstream connection is established via a Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) connection over the telephone network, with a dialup modem at the customer premise and an access server located electrically before connecting to the Internet.
To emphasize the engineering considerations evaluated for establishing a DOCSIS network, a simple business case model will be evaluated. The relevant business parameters are summarized in Table: Five-Year Business Plan Summary. The analysis considers only residential and limited business customers supported by the head end location.
Table: Five-Year Business Plan Summary
|Plant Growth
|'0.75 Percent per Annum
High-speed data service offered:
256 kbps DS 128 kbps US
Penetration rates:
3 percent in first year with 30 percent CAGR
Analysis assumptions:
25 percent
The business plan indicates that the DOCSIS service is for an existing serving area that will experience moderate growth, probably limited to new home construction, over the plan period. The operator intends to offer a single data product to each of the residential and business users within the serving area.
Penetration rate is the percentage of total homes passed in the serving area and represents the number of customers who buy the service.
The activity factor represents the percentage of subscribers who are actively online either uploading or downloading information.
The peak factor represents the relationship between the perceived or apparent bandwidth load of a system compared to the actual finite bandwidth available from the physical CMTS deployment. Peaking reflects the fact that data transfer to an individual user is typically during intervals of instantaneous duration.
The cable plant infrastructure (head end serving area) that is considered for this deployment has characteristics, assigned spectrum, and selected modulation as summarized in Table: Head End Serving Area Characteristics and Available Spectrum.
Table: Head End Serving Area Characteristics and Available Spectrum
HFC characteristics
Downstream: 88 to 750 MHz
Head end serving area
25,000 homes passed
Available spectrum
Downstream: EIA channel 60 at 439.25 MHz
Downstream: 64 QAM
The head end supports a local serving area of 25,000 homes passed, distributed among 25 optical nodes with upstream CNR ranging from 30 to 36 dB. The CNR is a significant parameter because it dictates the number of nodes that can be combined into a single receive port. DOCSIS requires a CNR of 25 dB, irrespective of the upstream modulation chosen for certified operation.
The selection of QPSK and bandwidth of 800 kHz will impact the return path data throughput rate.
From the business case variables, a five-year customer and traffic profile summary is prepared.
The table indicates that the number of homes passed and the penetration rates have increased considerably over the evaluation, with the resultant perceived bandwidth to be processed by the CMTS equipment at the head end.
The number of CMTS units to support the perceived load must be determined considering the use of the Cisco uBR-MC16C consisting of one downstream and six upstream ports. First, however, a valid upstream aggregation scenario must be established.
Consider combining three nodes, each having a CNR of 36 dB, resulting in an aggregated CNR of approximately 27 dB that comfortably exceeds the DOCSIS criteria.
We must now determine the quantity of CMTS units to satisfy this application:
25 nodes/3 nodes per receiver = 9 receivers, indicating a need for two uBR-MC16C units
Considering the 800 kHz QPSK upstream limitations, the hardware selection must be validated against the traffic analysis for the business plan, as summarized in Table: Head End Customer and Traffic Profile.
Table: Head End Customer and Traffic Profile
|Year 1
|Year 2
|Year 3
|Year 4
|Year 5
|Homes passed
|Residential customer
|Business customer
|Total traffic
- Downstream Validation
- Two uBR-MC16C resulting in 2 * 27 = 54 Mbps, compared to Year 5 requirement of 144/8 = 18.1 Mbps (where 144 MBps is the Year 5 apparent BW and 8 is the data peaking factor)
- Upstream Validation
- Two uBR-MC16C with 9 active receivers configured for QPSK and 800 kHz BW, resulting in 9 * 1.2 = 10.8 Mbps, compared to Year 5 requirement of 72/8 = 9 Mbps (where 72 MBps is the Year 5 apparent BW and 8 is the data peaking factor)
- Subscriber Limit Validation
- The total number of Year 5 subscribers is 2207 + 5 = 2212 which is well within the suggested limit of 1200 subscribers per CMTS.
Based on the analysis of this simple business case, the initial deployment of CMTS hardware will meet the needs of the entire five-year plan and beyond, without compelling the operator to upgrade the configuration.
Future DOCSIS Applications
This article describes the DOCSIS 1.0 product definition intended to support high-speed data over a cable network. The standard is evolving to DOCSIS 1.1 to support additional services and future applications, which coincide with product enhancements to support the needs of the market to ensure network reliability, and high system availability.
Planned future services and applications include telephony based upon Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), video over IP using Motion Picture Expert Group (MPEG) frame format, quality of service (QoS), and enhanced security definitions. At the same time, CM and set top box (STB) devices capable of supporting these and other services are being introduced.
When considering the simultaneous support of these new services and applications, a more extensive planning concept must be considered.
Historical coaxial broadcast networking was described in this article, and its inherent detriments to advanced services were identified. HFC networking was included, with a brief description of its advantages and benefits capable of supporting high-speed data connectivity.
The limitations of prevailing HFC designs, DOCSIS availability criteria, and requisite cable plant specifications and terminology were addressed as well.
In addition, this article summarized the DOCSIS standard, signaling protocol, requisite supporting servers, generic product specifications, and applications. Representative CM status messages as viewed at the CMTS were provided to reflect parameters and tools critical for the operational aspects of a DOCSIS system.
Finally, future services and applications were identified to coincide with the evolution to DOCSIS 1.1.
Review Questions
Q - Describe the advantages or benefits offered by an HFC network.
A - HFC networks provide increased bandwidth, increased reliability, ready support for two-way operation, improved noise immunity, and reduced operation and maintenance costs.
Q - Identify the process of providing two-way operation of an HFC cable plant.
A - Two-way operation can be established on an HFC cable plant by installing the narrow-band upstream amplifiers in the amplifier housings, adding a narrow-band return laser at the optical node, providing an optical return path, and placing an optical receiver at the head end or hub location. Proper alignment procedure of the return path is also required.
Q - Describe the upstream and downstream bandwidths associated with the DOCSIS standard.
A - The DOCSIS bandwidth limitations are 5 to 42 MHz for the upstream direction, and 54 to 860 MHz for the downstream direction.
Q - Summarize the DOCSIS availability criteria.
A - A DOCSIS system must provide greater than 99 percent availability when forwarding 1500-byte packets at a rate of 100 packets per second when the cable plant meets the published DOCSIS system specifications.
Q - Identify the DOCSIS-defined networking layers.
A - The DOCSIS-defined layers consist of the IP network Layer, the data link layer, and the physical (PHY) layer.
Q - Identify the DOCSIS 1.0 servers, and describe their respective purposes in the network.
A - DOCSIS servers include the DHCP server (RFC 2181), which provides IP addresses to both the CM and PC devices; the TFTP server (RFC 1350), which registers and downloads CM configuration files; and the TOD server (RFC 868), which provides a time stamp to operational system events.
Q - What are the facilities in which an MSO might deploy the universal broadband router?
A - The universal broadband router can be deployed as needed in both the head end and hub locations.
Q - Define Telco return and tell when this application might be considered.
A - Telco return describes a data service that provides high-speed downstream connectivity over the coax plant, and low-speed connectivity over the PSTN. This application is typically used in rural networks, where the upgrade cost is prohibitive, or as an interim networking solution permitting the MSO to offer service while the cable plant is being upgraded for two-way service.
Q - List a few of the properties and future applications associated with DOCSIS 1.1.
A - DOCSIS 1.1 will support VoIP, enhanced security, packet concatenation and fragmentation, as well as QoS. Service applications include telephony and video.
For More Information
Azzam, Albert, and Niel Ransom. Broadband Access Technology. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.
Ciciora, Walter, James Farmer, and David Large. Modern Cable Television Technology. Boston: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., 1998.
Grant, William. Cable Television, Third Edition. New York: GWG Associates, 1997.
Raskin, Donald, and Dean Stoneback. Broadband Return Systems for Hybrid Fiber/Coax Cable TV Networks. New York: Prentice Hall PTR, 1997.
Thomas, Jeff. Cable Television: Proof of Performance. New York: Prentice Hall PTR, 1995.
Cablevision. 8773 South Ridgeline Blvd., Highland Ranch, Co 80126. http://www.cablevisionmag.com.
Cableworld. Intertec Publishing, a Primedia Company, 9800 Metcalf Ave., Overland Park, KS 66212-2215. http://cableworld.com.
CED (Communications Engineering & Design). P.O. Box 266007, Highland Ranch, CO 80163-6007. http://www.cedmagazine.com.


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In this activity, student teams design small-scale physical models of hot and cold planets, (Venus and Mars), and learn that small scale models allow researchers to determine how much larger systems function. There is both a team challenge and... (View More) competition built into this activity. Experimental findings are then used to support a discussion of human outposts on Mars. The resource includes an experimental design guide for students as well as a handout outlining a method for the design of controlled experiments, and student data sheets. Student questions and an essay assignment are provided as classroom assessments. This is Activity A in the second module, titled "Modeling hot and cold planets," of the resource, "Earth Climate Course: What Determines a Planet's Climate?" The course aims to help students to develop an understanding of our environment as a system of human and natural processes that result in changes that occur over various space and time scales. (View Less)
Materials Cost: $10 - $20 per group of students
Students will collect samples of particles in the air on simple slides they make themselves. They will classify, count and chart their findings, draw conclusions, make predictions, and compare their findings to other available data. Supplies needed... (View More) for the investigation include microscope slides, petroleum jelly, magnifying glass, microscope, Eosin, and Methyln Blue or iodine. The activity is part of the Ground Truth Studies Teacher Handbook, which provides more than 20 activities to build student understanding of global change and remote sensing, and includes background chapters for teachers, glossary, and appendices. (View Less)
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New Delhi, Jan 1 :
India's largest passenger car manufacturer Maruti Suzuki Wednesday reported a 4.4 percent decline in total sales for December which stood at 90,924 units due to a fall in exports.
The company sold 95,145 units in December 2012.
There was a sharp drop in the company's exports. Maruti Suzuki exported just 4,311 units last month, which was 67 percent less than 13,072 units sold overseas during the corresponding month of 2012.
However, the company's domestic sale increased by 5.5 percent to 86,613 units during the month under review as compared to 82,073 units sold in December, 2012.
Sales in passenger cars segment, which comprises of brands like M800, Alto, A-Star, WagonR, Swift, Estilo, Ritz, Dzire, SX4 and Kizashi, inched higher by 6.4 percent at 73,155 units from an off-take of 68,729 in the corresponding month of 2012.
The off-take of utility vehicles like Gypsy, Grand, Vitara and Ertiga slumped by 5.5 percent at 5,146 percent from sales of 5,447 units in December, 2012.
Sales in van segment that includes vehicles like Omni and Eeco, gained 5.3 percent to 8,312 units from an off-take of 7,897 units in the corresponding month of 2012.
The Maruti scrip at the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) closed marginally higher by 0.35 points or 0.02 percent higher at Rs.1,763.35 from Tuesday's close of Rs.1,763.


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Brand Label: Galvan
ITEM MOVED TO ARCHIVE: On June 4, 2018 6:00 pm, Fashion Stylist Online noted this item may be out of stock at MATCHES FASHION because it was not referenced in their latest online catalog. If this item is out of stock at MATCHES FASHION, you may be able to find similar fashions sold there or elsewhere on our Galvan Designer Brand Directory.
Available for Purchase Online at MATCHES FASHION for $675.00Pin It
Galvan's silver Galaxy top is a bold choice for the social season. It's made in the UK with a high neck and densely embroidered with silver sequins across the flared sleeves and silk-blend lined body - note the bust darts to ensure a flattering fit. Style it with the coordinating trousers and jewel-tone block heels for a night spent on the dancefloor.
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Friday, February 03, 2006
Pickoff Moves
Angels Renew Interest In Jeff Weaver, Manny TalksThe Angels have expressed renewed interest in Jeff Weaver, but only if they can sign him to a one-year deal with an option for 2007, according to the Times. The Angels are concerned that he could block the progress of his brother, Jered, or lefty Joe Saunders in the organization if he is signed to a longer-term deal. Despite feelers from the Cardinals and Mets, Weaver is believed to be interested in working at home, giving the Angels an edge.
Also, the Angels have been approached again by Boston about trading for disgruntled slugger Manny Ramirez, but the Halos have "balked" at the asking price once more. The Red Sox were asking for two or three top prospects, including Howie Kendrick, Brandon Wood, as well as Chone Figgins and Ervin Santana without any relief on the $57 million remaining of his salary.
Don Newcombe, Maury Wills HonoredFormer Dodgers Don Newcombe and Maury Wills were honored by the Los Amigos Country Club, where they play golf, by the dedication of a pair of bridges bearing their names. Both were drug and alcohol abusers, and both recovered to regain their lives.
"I'm glad to be anywhere when I think about my life back then," said Newcombe, who placed his hands on his young son's head 39 years ago and swore he would never have another drink after alcoholism derailed a brilliant pitching career with the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers. "What I have done after my baseball career and being able to help people with their lives and getting their lives back on track and they become human beings again -- means more to me than all the things I did in baseball."
"Just being here with Don Newcombe makes me feel great," said Wills, the 1962 National League Most Valuable Player for the Dodgers, whose life slid into a deep hole of drug and alcohol abuse in the early 1980's and who will be clean and sober 17 years this August. "I'm standing here with the man who saved my life. He was a channel for God's love for me because he chased me all over Los Angeles trying to help me and I just couldn't understand that -- but he persevered -- he wouldn't give in and my life is wonderful today because of Don Newcombe."
Quinlan To Participate In Pro-Am Alumni GameRobb Quinlan will participate in the University of Minnesota's pro/alumni game, similar to the one the Dirtbags just held. Yahoo Weather calls for snow showers today in Minneapolis, so the event will be held in the Metrodome. Brr!
OT: Brokeback To The FutureHeh!
Nomar To Report With Pitchers And CatchersNomar Garciaparra will report early to spring training, along with the pitchers and catchers, on February 15, perhaps owing to his inexperience at first base. "It tells you who he is, what he is," General Manager Ned Colletti said. "This is a professional."
BTB Projects Kotchman's FutureThanks to the Rev for forwarding this Beyond The Boxscore story projecting Casey Kotchman's 2006 season. Marc Normandin projects a .274/.348/.426 season with 16 homers. Interesting.
Maybe the Sox will continue to pursue a trade with the Angels until the price becomes so attractive Stoneman can't refuse.
After all, the Indians had no real desire to trade Coco Crisp, but the Sox continued to sweeten their offer until the Indians could no longer refuse.
Another reason a trade might be more likely than before was the re-hiring of Esptein. The biggest reason for his departure was a disagreement over "player evaluation" -- specifically, Epstein's desire to unload costly veterans (some of them all-stars) in order to get younger. Lucchino was opposed. But Epstein prevailed, or so it was reported. Perhaps Epstein now has the muscle to get a deal done.
If that's true, no iteration of the trade I have heard of yet does not include top prospects from the Angels farm. The Red Sox won't unload Manny.
The first sentence does not necessarily lead to the second. The newsworthy bit here is not the Sox offer, which is ridiculous to the point of not being believable, but that it was them who picked up the phone. Scott Boras had lots of pretty-sounding ideas about how much money the Angels should pay Jered Weaver, but in the end Stoneman named the price.
If the Sox decide to dump Manny, then dumped he'll be, for whatever price they can get. And luckily, we've got the most chits out there.
Given Stoneman's recent talking up of Napoli, and the return of Epstein, I wouldn't be surprised at all to see his name mentioned. We'd need to dump one big contract -- probably Erstad -- and then dangle the Grade B guys: Napoli, Callaspo, Saunders.
Newer› ‹Older


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|Attention: DocWiki has reached EOL and will be decommissioned January 25, 2019.
In HAoWAN setup, no relevant message displayed after data check or resync, if ports not created for any of the nodes for a Call Control Group
From DocWiki
|Problem Summary
|In HAoWAN setup if a Call Control Group doesn't have ports for any of the nodes in UCCX, Data Check or Resync result doesn't show any relevant message for that node.
|Error Message
|Possible Cause
|Functionality is not affected, but results will be displayed as In-Sync under the Node even though CTI ports for the Call Control Group doesn't exist for that node in UCCX.
|Recommended Action
|Release 8.5(1)
|Associated CDETS #


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The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced the issuance of a funding opportunity announcement (FOA) for up to $6 million over fiscal years 2009-2010, subject to annual appropriations, to address wind development technical challenges and market acceptance barriers as outlined in the "20% Wind Energy by 2030" report. The announcement will address six topic areas: (1) turbine research, development, and testing; (2) distributed wind technologies; (3) market acceptance efforts; (4) environmental research and siting strategies; (5) transmission analysis, planning and assessments; and (6) workforce development.
In May 2008, DOE issued the "20% Wind Energy by 2030" report. The report found that the nation possesses affordable wind energy resources far in excess of those needed to enable a 20% scenario. However, major challenges need to be overcome and require action for this to be possible:
- Major investments in transmission so the power generated in Midwest locations can be delivered to distant urban centers
- Larger electric load balancing areas, in tandem with better regional planning and use of complementary generation and storage, so that grid operators can better integrate wind generation into the electric utility grid
- Continued reduction in wind turbine capital costs through technology advancement and improved manufacturing capabilities
- Improved wind turbine performance and reduction of operating and maintenance costs through improved reliability
- Addressing concerns about local siting, wildlife, and environmental issues within the context of electricity generation
- Develop an abundant and skilled workforce to supply the growing renewable energy industry.
Completed FOA applications are due by March 3. The complete FOA can be viewed on the Grants.gov Web site. DOE anticipates notifying applicants selected for award by the end of April 2009 and making awards by the end of September 2009. Funding is subject to annual Congressional appropriations.


text:
What's Right with WordPress 2.3
So WordPress 2.3 is out, and the release announcement is exciting to read.
First off, in 2.3, WordPress gives us real Tags. Tags are not categories. I was really disappointed when WordPress.com started confusing categories for tags, and wrote about why Tags are not Categories. WordPress has finally come clean, and seen the light, and explained what's what over at the Tags and Categories article at WordPress.com blog. Now to take it a step further in the right direction, it would help if everyone thought about how tags add value to a blog. Tag Clouds are cool, but they're not the be-all and end-all of tagging. Here's some great ways to use the tags you painstaking created by tagging individual posts:
- Improve search results on blogs by searching for articles containing the search term(s) as tags.
- Provide an easy way to navigate the blog using Tag intersections, unions, and other common operations on sets. This would make it possible to find articles where your favorite blogger talks about two of your favorite things, or one thing and not another. The focus is on making information easier to find.
The above should replace the "site search tags" found under almost all of Lorelle's articles, and then some.
The second step in the right direction is the removal of the links to developers' blogs from the default blogroll. A lot of the old developers and volunteers have been inactive and non-contributing members for a long time now. Indeed, it was good to have a PageRank of 8 for my own blog, but I had the link to my blog removed about a year and a half ago when I decided to stop scaling down on my WordPress volunteer work. I did that because I thought that was a part of stepping down gracefully, and wasn't too comfortable with going, "So who the heck is this 'Carthik' in my blogroll?," long after I stopped contributing. Also, I wasn't sure my contributions were at-par with those of some of the others who put in way more effort. It's hard to decide where to draw the line with recognizing contributions to open source projects anyways. It's better now since no one can point at finger at some old contributor profiting without contributing by means of selling text links on their blog now. Good job!
The MovableType importer is no longer as memory hungry as it used to be. You can also add new importers by installing importer plugins. Very cool.
A lot of the changes were from the most wanted changes/ideas proposed by users, and that is good news in itself. Now if only some of the other ideas are implemented, like searching in both "Posts" and "Pages" by default, instead of just in Posts.
So, on a personal level, these are my thoughts about the changes in 2.3. The only small thing that irritates me are the new names in the db:
Three new terms tables (schema) term_relationships, term_taxonomy, and terms support combined post categories, link categories, and the new tags. The tables, categories, link2cat, and link2post, are gone!
I am yet to understand what "terms" are, what "taxonomy" is and what kind of relationships "term_relationships" describes. If these tables deal with categories, tags, and I assume, blogroll links, wouldn't it better to have those terms in the db table name, instead of the term "term"? I wonder. The new db table names give away nothing about their intended purpose in the database. All three terms are brand new, never before seen in the WordPress world. I am sure there must have a good reason to name them thus, which I'd love to know more about.
So, in your opinion, what's wrong about WordPress 2.3?


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Free Red Robin chili if Hell (Michigan) freezes over
AnnArbor.com file photo
If temperatures stay below freezing for a full day between Tuesday and Sunday, Red Robin will serve the first 100 customers in each of its stores a free cup of Chili on Tuesday, Feb. 26.
According to the Free Press report, Hell mayor John Colone will serve as Red Robin's local weather expert for the week and will certify whether a full day of "frozen" weather occurs.
There are two Red Robins in the Ann Arbor area, one near Briarwood Mall, and one on Carpenter Road in Pittsfield Township.
Ben Freed covers business for AnnArbor.com. You can sign up here to receive Business Review updates every week. Reach out to Ben at 734-623-2528 or email him at firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow him on twitter @BFreedinA2
Thu, Feb 21, 2013 : 9:48 p.m.
An Arborigine
Thu, Feb 21, 2013 : 12:49 a.m.
An unofficial source was quoted as saying "Red Robin has positioned a mobile weather station within the Hell city limits and will be tweeting minute by minute status to a flock of followers".
Kai Petainen
Thu, Feb 21, 2013 : 12:26 a.m.
Here's my take on it... http://tinyurl.com/a5392ty
Wed, Feb 20, 2013 : 11:42 p.m.
Since I made a big batch of chili tonight for supper I guess I'm not to excited about this PR ploy by Red Robin. But I think it is good advertising for both Hell and Red Robin and one of the more novel ideas I've seen lately.
Jeff Westbrooks
Wed, Feb 20, 2013 : 11:37 p.m.
I'm stuck in Augusta, GA most of the time and the only decent burger you can get here is at Red Robin.
Thu, Feb 21, 2013 : 12:32 a.m.
That's too bad.
Wed, Feb 20, 2013 : 11:21 p.m.
I think this feat was met today. Don't see myself getting in line for free chili at 11:00 am on Tuesday, at Red Robin none the less, for chili. @A2.com, might be time for a best Chili piece, before the novelty wears off. I'd say you would have to include the DamSite Inn, one has to think Hell would have some damn hot chili.
Dave Bass
Wed, Feb 20, 2013 : 11:07 p.m.
There's one in Brighton too.
Homeland Conspiracy
Wed, Feb 20, 2013 : 11:12 p.m.
Brighton IS hell


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Candidates' Chase for Campaign Cash Draws to a Close for This Quarter
Tuesday, it came to light that US Senator John Thune had signed a fundraising letter on behalf of former Governor Mike Rounds, indicating that the soon to be Senior US Senator for South Dakota is "all in" on anticipating that Rounds will be the Republican nominee for the office next June.
The letter stated in part:
"Supporting Mike Rounds early — and lifting him to victory — is a big step toward the six seats we need for a Republican majority in the Senate.
Everything we Republicans talk about Washington needing, Mike Rounds has done.
As our conservative Governor, he grew the economy, attracted new business and industry, generated jobs, improved schools and made the state's government run effectively and efficiently."
Such language from Thune leaves no doubt as to where he stands in the race for US Senate.
But in addition to it serving as a signal for Thune, it also represents that Rounds is pushing hard to finish out the financial quarter. As was noted on a blog for the DC Area newspaper "The Hill":
South Dakota Republican Senate candidate Mike Rounds said on Tuesday he hopes to "come close" to his second-quarter fundraising haul when third-quarter filings go public next month.
"In the second quarter, we raised over $600,000, a respectable fundraising effort for those of us in South Dakota. Our goal is to come close to that same number again in the third quarter," he told The Hill.
The seat is a top pickup opportunity for Republicans, but Rounds already faces three conservative challengers, and another looks likely to enter the fray soon. They're watching his third-quarter fundraising report to see if he manages to draw consistent support as his campaign develops.
With the closing salvo for the quarter being the letter from Thune, you can anticipate that it will be a good quarter for Rounds.
While Rounds ventured a prediction for his likely outcome, so far, Rounds opponents are largely mum on their fundraising, except for pleas to help them finish strong.
Two opponents, Rhoden and Nelson, targeted amounts of $7250 and $10,000 respectively. No word from the third opponent, Annette Bosworth, on whether she has a targeted goal in the waning days of this fundraising quarter, but like the others, she's out beating the bushes for any remaining campaign cash.
And that begs the question - how much is enough for these candidates? How much are Rounds opponents going to have to put up when reports are filed to be taken seriously?
Well, that's the big question.
None of the also-ran Republicans have a full quarter in the race yet. Similarly, Rick Weiland was in that position himself in his report for the last quarter.
In the last report, his first, Weiland raised 100k and loaned himself 100k. It was not viewed as stellar, but given it was partial, he's largely gotten a pass, and people are waiting and seeing for this next report, which will likely be released Mid-October.
If any of the new GOP candidates are putting up 'Weilandesque' numbers, or worse, we may see them starting to reassess if and how they move forward from here. They'll have one more quarter, at most, before people start talking about the campaigns just tilting at windmills, as opposed to being serious efforts.
And it's not just them. Rick Weiland, who was recently put on notice that perennial candidate Ron Volesky may challenge him in the primary, will need to show that he's a serious candidate and put up respectable numbers. Lacking that, his campaign may begin a long, slow death, as it bleeds out from people being unwilling to fund a losing effort.
As the candidate chase for campaign cash draws to a close for this quarter, watch for these numbers to be highly scrutinized, as they tell the tale of how the candidates are doing, and may mark the beginning of the end.


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East/WestA Culinary Journey through Malta, Lebanon, Iran, Turkey, Morocco, and AndalusiaShane Delia; photography by Rob Palmer
published 2017 8.5" x 10.5" • 272 pages • full-color photosISBN 9781566560061 • hardback • $35.00 •
Chef Delia wants to reveal the breadth of flavors that extend from one end of the Mediterranean basin to the other. As a native of Malta, smack in the middle of the Mediterranean, he knows the region well. For untold centuries, traders have carted wares from Gibraltar to the Middle East and from Europe to Africa. This has given the region many commonalities despite the very diverse cultures surrounding the sea. Delia has special fondness for Maltese pastizzi, buttery-crusted bread dumplings stuffed with pork, peas, and mint, curiously marinated in decidedly Asian soy and fish sauces. Lebanon contributes chicken wings with sour cherry barbecue sauce. A Moroccan tagine enriches potatoes and eggplant with lamb and sprinkles of walnuts, dates, and ginger. Delia doesnt just reproduce the regions foods; he reimagines many of them radically, even to transgressing dietary laws by cooking pork belly with Iranian spicing. The color photographs throughout enhance the whole experience of this cookbook. Booklist
From Morocco, Malta, and Andalusia in the West, to Turkey, Lebanon, and Iran in the East, the food and flavors of the Middle East permeate almost every aspect of daily life. Orange blossom and rose petals, spice-encrusted slow-cooked meats, fermented yogurts, dates, and olives—these are the flavors that have entranced visitors for centuries and that have recently experienced a surge in popularity in Western kitchens. Award-winning Maltese-Australian chef Shane Delia journeys to both the well-trodden souks and private dining rooms of locals across six countries, in search of the most exciting local flavors to bring back to his kitchen. East/West offers 80 recipes, distilled for the home cook. Accompanied by hundreds of stunning images shot on location, this is a book for foodies and anyone who has ever dreamed of taking their own culinary journey.
Shane Delia is the star of the television show, "Shane Delia's Spice Journey," and the chef and owner of Maha restaurant and Biggie Smalls Kebab Shop. He is based in Melbourne, Australia. His Lebanese wife Maha is the inspiration and namesake of his restaurant. Together they have two children, daughter Jayda and son Jude. This is his second book.
Praise for East/West "This is a stunning volume… takes readers on a whirlwind tour of Middle Eastern food at its best…." —Vacations & Travel "The ever cheerful Melbourne chef Shane Delia indulges his ultimate wish: travelling the Middle East and North Africa, celebrating the complex flavors of the food found there. This cookbook is the culmination of that mesmerizing journey." —International Traveller
"With 80 recipes, all the boxes are ticked for a wow of a publication. Photos of the dishes are fabulous; so too the locales from which they come. —Weekend Australian
"The sensational aromas that typify these regions are now easily achievable in your own home. Add beautiful location shots to this beautiful cookbook and take an armchair journey to the flavors of the Middle East."—Townsville Bulletin
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text:
Life Technologies Limited Product Warranty
Warranty details differ for each platform and instrument. Detailed warranty information is available here for all platforms and instruments serviced.
All warranty services include spare parts, repair time, and if necessary, travel of Field Service Engineers (FSEs). Certain restrictions apply. Please note that Life Technologies has not authorized any third-party service provider to perform maintenance or repair on Applied Biosystems™, Invitrogen™, or Ion Torrent™ instruments in the United States and Canada.
In addition, Life Technologies is recognized as "best in class" worldwide for overall repair time, quality of repair service, and FSE technical competency.
Additional Life Technologies warranty benefits:
- Life Technologies™ FSEs go through a multi-step process in order to obtain certification to work on Applied Biosystems™, Invitrogen™, and Ion Torrent™ instrumentation and software. This certification is renewed every two years to ensure that service engineers maintain their standard of excellence.
- Only Life Technologies™ FSEs have full and exclusive access to the latest Applied Biosystems™, Invitrogen™, and Ion Torrent™ technical developments, repair procedures, software application updates, and planned maintenance procedures.
- Only replacement parts guaranteed to be certified to manufacturers' specifications are used in repairs.
- Contract and warranty customers have access to the Life Technologies™ global Technical Assistance Center (TAC). The TAC is staffed by senior service engineers who provide the highest level of expertise for troubleshooting Applied Biosystems™, Invitrogen™, and Ion Torrent™ instruments, which helps to speed call resolution and assists customers in maximizing productivity.
- Rapid service response, with a guaranteed response available in most regions under certain service plans.


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In just a short couple of months, some of the best community developers, key partners and industry gurus the world has to offer will gather to lead more than 30 sessions at BlackBerry® DevCon Americas 2011. This year's event runs from October 18-20 in San Francisco, California, and it's a great opportunity to interact with experts on BlackBerry products and learn from their expertise.
Where else can you meet technical wizards from Adobe® for a bootcamp on Abobe® AIR® for the BlackBerry® PlayBook™ tablet? Or hear first-hand from innovators like Xtreme Labs, Penrillian, and Magmic (a game-developer dynamo responsible for Rubik's® Cube, The New York Times® Crosswords, THKLive and Ka-Glom)? This is the place to learn how Universal Mind built a fantasy football app, how Assanka created The Financial Times app and how PricewaterhouseCoopers builds corporate mobile apps.
What else are our community leaders covering?
- Learn how to use the time-saving features of the BlackBerry® WebWorks™ Platform to build BlackBerry apps
- Understand how to build and test BlackBerry applications using the BlackBerry Java® Development Environment
- Learn how to make stunning visual apps faster
- Find out how to squeeze more from an accelerometer
- Take your mobile campaign from basic to buzz with marketing tips
To tap into this vast community know-how, all you have to do is register for BlackBerry DevCon Americas 2011. For more details on community-led sessions at the event, please visit our session catalog!