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Oral-History:Jon Squire
About Jon Squire
Jon Squire was an influential software engineer and manager at Westinghouse from 1963 until 1996. At Westinghouse, he was the lead engineer on compiler developments for FORTRAN, Neliac, Jovial, and Ada compilers for embedded computers. Squire also helped develop digital and analog circuit simulators with associated queuing and scheduling models that became the basis for the Westinghouse Computer Aided System, CAS. While at Westinghouse, Squire taught courses on computer aided design, Fortran, and Ada. He retired from Northrop Grumman in 1998.
In this interview, Squire talks about his experience at Westinghouse and reflects upon the different radar and computer projects he took part in. Squire also talks about his experience with teaching both inside and outside of Westinghouse. Squire is currently an Adjunct Faculty member at the University of Maryland Baltimore County and a Lifetime member of IEEE.
About the Interview
JON SQUIRE: An Interview Conducted by Frederik Nebeker, IEEE History Center, 14 October 2010
Interview # 556 for the IEEE History Center, The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Copyright Statement
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It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows:
Jon Squire, an oral history conducted in 2010 by Frederik Nebeker, IEEE History Center, Hoboken, NJ, USA.
INTERVIEW: Jon Squire
INTERVIEWER: Frederik Nebeker
DATE: 14 October 2010
PLACE: The National Electronics Museum, Baltimore, MD.
Background and Education
This is the 14th of October, 2010. I'm at the National Electronics Museum talking with Jon S. Squire. This is Frederik Nebeker. Could we begin with where and when you were born and a little about the family you were born into?
Born in Detroit, Michigan. January 9th, 1938. Pretty normal family.
What did your father do?
He was the credit manager for Associates Discount Corporation in Detroit.
What is that?
They financed probably two-thirds of the cars and trucks, at that time you had special companies that did financing. It wasn't so much the banks.
I see. Or the automobile manufacturer.
Did you grow up in Detroit?
Yes. Went to Edison Grade School, had about 800 students there then went to the high school there had about 3,000 students in high school. Went to the University of Michigan, had 24,000 students —
[Interposing] [Laughing].
— and of course went to Westinghouse at 124,000 students, err —
[Interposing] [Laughing].
— employees [Laughing]. Yes, they were students. [Laughing].
Were you interested in science as a kid?
Yes. I had built my own electronics lab by the time I was about 8 years old.
Is that right? So crystal radio?
At that time we had Heathkits. So the first thing you built was a volt and then you built an oscilloscope and then you scavenged parts out of radios and that's how you got your resisters and capacitors and so meter
[Interposing] Oh so you were really into it even then
[Interposing] Oh yes. So by the time I was 12 I knew I'd be an electrical engineer.
I see. Tell me about your college years. So you went to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor? Lot of fun. A lot of work.
[Interposing] In these days did they have a separate electronics track?
[Interposing] Well it was an Electrical Engineering Department. No we had to work with both DC machinery and with circuits.
So you got a lot of the power engineering as well —
Yes. It was all combined at that time. I joined the IEEE student group, it was actually IRE back then. And I was student chairman of the IRE group there. Got my Bachelor's degree, got my Master's degree in EE, got a Master's degree in Math.
Now this is right after the war?
I went to college, I got out of there in '63 with two Master's degrees
So we're in the late 50's that you're going to school.
I didn't go to Korea because I was in college.
And things must have gone well because I see you've continued for two Master's.
What did you go into more specifically?
Oh the second one was in math.
[Interposing] Right. But your first Master's, that was electronics?
Yeah, EE, right.
So you were you thinking of becoming a computer engineer?
No I was working toward a PhD. I just didn't make it. I got too good an offer from Westinghouse. So I had enough credits so I took the Master's degree in Math.
Oh so you went —
I see. So your original intention was to be in academia?
A PhD and then go into industry?
[Interposing] Yes.
Oh I see. And the master's in mathematics was just because you had taken courses along the way?
When you were an EE back then you had to have a lot of math and it turned out I had enough math courses to qualify for a Master's degree in math.
I see. And at that point were you interested in computers?
Oh yes. We had had one of the real old computers. I had actually programmed an LGP 30 which is a magneto-strictive delay line computer.
And then we got an IBM 650. It had a magnetic drum. And by the time I was out of there they had an IBM 704, a real computer. So I was doing a lot of software as well as electrical engineering.
I see.
I was a ham radio operator. I was K8LOO.
When did you start as a ham?
While I was in college. Somebody there offered the code class and I got my technician class license.
Those days you had to know code [chuckling].
Yes. And as a graduate student I worked at the University of Michigan Research Institute. I helped a guy develop the first parametric amplifier. I was just the lab tech.
So this was a part-time job while you were studying?
Well that sounds interesting. Was it your intention, did you take to computers so much that you could see that was the direction you were going to go?
Working on Radar and Computers for Westinghouse
So what was this job offer that came?
Well I interviewed AT&T, Bell Labs. I interviewed with Boroughs Corporation and then one of the people there had come to Baltimore to Westinghouse and so I interviewed here. And I had to come to work here.
[Laughing] Explain that please.
My interview was scheduled with George Shapiro for 9:00 o'clock and I got here a little early and I was sitting there. And I waited a half an hour for him to come in. And he explained, oh, traffic is too heavy. So I don't get in until 9:30. I knew that's the place I want to work. And for my whole career, I seldom was in before 9:30 but I was often working at 6:00, 6:30, 7:00 o'clock, you know. So that's the type of group it was.
I see. What was that group?
George was responsible for digital computers to go with our radar and software for them.
[Interposing] This was in the radar?
We were in the East Building, Aerospace Division.
So our main product was airborne radars. When I got there we had just done our first one which we called the AUG10 digital, Westinghouse had built the AUG10 analog radar. We went on from there to build a mili-computer which was a militarized minicomputer. My group did the software for it, like the assemblers and linkers. George had Jim Hudson working for him who did the hardware and the computers. And then my people did the embedded computer programming. We did the software, the real-time software. And so throughout the years we did a computer for NASA, OBP, the On Board Processor, did militarized computer ANAYK15. So my group did the support software and then the mission software for that.
Well one of the first radars you worked on, you said that was a digital?
Digital, we had just converted the analog radar to a digital radar. That was for the F4. —
[Interposing] Is that —
— yeah that was for the —
Was it characteristic of that time that radar systems were going digital?
Well everything was analog before that because this was in '63, '64 and so the digital world in avionics was just starting
I know Bell Labs was starting to go digital with their long distance lines about the same time.
Right. We were competing with RCA and a few other companies to see who could get there first. Since we had the radar business, we were able to get our computers into the radars. There was another group under Kaplan that did the signal processors.
How would you explain for the layman why it's an advance to go from these analog radars to digital radars?
Accuracy. You could get, if you really worked 3-digit accuracy out of an analog computer, you could of course get 6-digit accuracy out of a digital computer. So as we were trying to get more range, tracking better, we really had to go digital.
So with the same antennas and so on you could just get more accuracy.
Well, everything was improving. Power was improving for the radar so that you could get greater range. We were able to manufacture better antennas. I actually had software people working for me who programmed the machine tools in the factory to machine the antennas. Bob King was one of those people. And he eventually went to the turbine division so he helped them out to get better turbines.
What do they call that? The numerical control of machines?
That's probably a fairly early example of that.
Yes we wrote our own software, cut our own Mylar tapes.
I mean printed punch cards had just come out. [chuckling] Well actually I used punch cards at the school.
So you jumped into some exciting work, it sounds like.
This is mid 60's.
I had to build a group. My main job was to build a group of software engineers. Everybody we hired had to have a college degree, professional. And we had to develop the software group. And so George Shapiro was supportive. We had Johnny Pearson who was an engineering manager who was supportive. Earl King worked in the personnel department.
You were heading this software group?
I was manager of the software group under George. We started out with like three people and built up to a group of about 20.
[Interposing] Over what time period?
Five, seven years as work went on.
I see. What was the division you were in?
Aerospace Division.
We tended to have one big project at a time. We did the WX 200, we did the F 15 fly off, the F 16.
But typically consecutive things.
Yes. EAR radar, HELRATS radar. So we had to support the software throughout all of it.
And how did the programming go in those days? Did you first do a flow chart and then punch cards.
Yes, I was kind of on the cutting edge, University of Michigan had a real good software program in addition to EE. They didn't have computer science then.
So the government required we deliver them flow charts. I had one of my people write a program that would read the source code and draw the flow chart after the program. Programmers don't like to draw flow charts.
[Laughing] I remember those templates.
Yes, oh yes, we had the templates.
But you just wrote the program and then generated the flow chart afterward [chuckling].
Right. And what we found with the computers was that the engineers, the digital designers, needed a tool so my group also developed what we called a computer aided system. Our first one was just to simulate digital logic. Kelly Overman built one of our first computers. We simulated it and he was able to make sure his divide algorithm worked before he built it. So he was thrilled. We went on for years. We wrote the software that ran the wiring machines. For a while we used Gardner Denver wiring machines, as well as the machining of the antennas, printed circuit board layout. I had three types of software. One was what we called support software. These were assemblers, compilers used to program the embedded computer. Then we had the CAS software. Gwen Hays headed up the CAS software effort and that was simulation and layout. And then we had the embedded computer software. Now generally when my people worked on that, they actually went to the project area.
I see.
And the project ran the software.
Tell me about those embedded computers at the time. They're built at Westinghouse?
Oh yes. We built our own. And the reason was Intel was around and had small computers and IBM had computers but they were not airborne qualified. And they also didn't have the right interfaces. So we built our own digital computers and they were tailored to speed and size to go with a specific radar.
Well I certainly understand the advantages of designing a computer for a particular application but what is it that's required for airborne computers?
Mainly the real time, you have to be able to take your inputs, process them and get your controls out, and you've got to do it in real time. And therefore you don't want an operating system. John Stuelpnagel worked with our group back then. And he developed what we called the cyclic executive so that we didn't need any interrupts. The program just cycled through. It would read the inputs do the computation, do the control so we could meet the real time requirements.
I see. There must also have been demands of ruggedness and so on.
All the hardware was mil spec, yes. That's why we couldn't use commercial computers.
Yes. I see.
Some of them got very powerful. Dave Sloper built some signal processors that were state of the art for the time. FFT machine because the radar stuff had to do the FFT.
I see. If we could digress a bit, how did that change over time? There must have been a point where you're going to application specific integrated circuits for some of this processing.
The first circuitry was dual inline packs and you got four flip-flops in a pack. You got a 4-bit adder in a pack. So we had to work with that. And then as time went on we'd buy bigger and bigger integrated circuits. We still put them on printed wiring boards. We had 12-bit computers and 16-bit computers, then went to 24-bit computers like AWACS.
Well the very first integrated circuits were in the 60's. Do you remember when that's coming into the radar work?
But we bought those parts.
Now we had ATL which built some specialized stuff for our radars. But they didn't build our digital circuits. So we mainly bought from like Motorola. Motorola had their ECL line out at that time and meta-couple logic. Then we got over that. We went to transistor, transistor, T-squared, L…
What language were you programming in?
Assembly language at that time. Now eventually we had the mili-computer. We did a Fortran compiler for it. FORTRAN was the big language back then. We did a job for the Navy and actually under contract, we did a NELIAC compiler for the Navy. And we sold that to the Canadian Navy. The Surface Division built the Westinghouse 2402 which was a shipboard computer. So we skipped over to the other division and helped them out.
I see.
And then eventually the Air Force went to JOVIAL. That became their programming language and so we wrote JOVIAL compilers and then eventually DOD 1. We got Ada compilers, so we wrote an Ada compiler. So all the software that was needed to program the embedded computer, basically my group had to do it. Now over time then we would buy it, in other words, we were on the leading edge but eventually we could go out and buy that stuff. So eventually we bought our JOVIAL compiler. We bought our Ada compiler that way we didn't have to continue to do support on it.
I imagine you felt that you were on the cutting edge of this technological revolution there.
We were.
And that must have been one of the attractions of, of going to Westinghouse.
I mainly got there 'cause I could sleep in late. [Laughter]
So if we try to move chronologically here, you've mentioned a couple of the projects you worked on early on. If I could get you to name some of the big efforts that you were part of.
It was always a whole bunch of small things. [Laughing].
I see. So they're coming so fast that it's not like you're six years on this one.
Yes. We were experts at what was called reuse of software before it became a buzzword in the industry. So each system was built on improving the previous one.
[Interposing] Yes so you would take sections of this earlier program.
And were you still putting these programs on punch cards?
We went to punch cards for a while and my group. I spotted a terminal, It was called an Execuport [spelling?] It would be called a laptop today but it was twice as heavy. We hooked that up over the phone lines to our computer and it worked. So we got more and more terminals in. Eventually we got VAX computers. We had big UNIVAC computers then we had VAX computers and so everybody in my group had their own terminal. So then we were online.
Okay. So that's a big transition with computing, instead of punching the cards and submitting them you actually worked in real time at the terminal. When did that take place in your view?
[Chuckling] I can't remember the date. We were still programming in assembly language very late, like the AWACS radar, 65,000 lines of assembly language. That was probably one of the biggest assembly language programs around and the reason for that was they got it written, they had it working, and they didn't want to rewrite it in a higher language.
So I think the first higher language was the EAR radar. Gwen Hays ran the software on that one. I'm very pleased because a lot of my people actually got higher ranking jobs that I had [Laughing]. Gwen Hays made it to, I think a division manager. Something like that. She gave one of these talks. So Gwen Hays, Doug Lingle, John Stuelpnagel all of them burbled up and were higher level managers than I was. That's a good thing when a manager sees their people promoted.
Did you resist moving up in management?
I actually grumbled that I didn't want to become a manager because I was such a techie. But being a techie I used the computer and I automated my management job so I was doing technical work all the way to the end through B-level manager because I could. The stuff that would be routine for some managers, I had automated, [Laughing] and that left me time to do technical work. So I had a great time at Westinghouse.
Tell me about the software in the 60's and then I suppose moving on there from that, the testing of it and the verifying of it and so on.
We actually established an independent group that was software quality assurance.
Within your group or is this outside?
[Interposing] No, outside. And don't forget, mine was one of two major software groups and then there were a couple of other ones. Surface Division had their own and some projects had their own. So we wanted the software quality assurance to be independent of the groups.
It's working with all of the different software groups.
As each software module was finished, the software engineer who wrote it would present it to software quality and they would go over it and check it for whatever was appropriate. Did they test it, was it tested enough? So we had unit testing. We had integration testing. Everything you would see in a major software effort. And we kept up. When CMU came in with their software quality and their different levels we got to be a level three software certified group which we needed for government work. We kept up with the literature. We presented papers. We were pretty well right at the leading edge of technology all the years.
I imagine that the programs are getting bigger and bigger as the radars get more and more complicated in what they do. There are many notorious examples of big software projects that have gotten into real trouble. Did you have any real problems?
[Laughing] Every software project gets into trouble. We couldn't check out stuff out until all the hardware was there. So any delays in either the radar electronics or the computer electronics or interfaces or displays would hold us up. So we were always the last one to be finished before we could ship. And so yes, we always had pressure. We always had problems.
But you, you managed to solve those problems?
It was never a case of giving up on something?
Oh no, no, I mean we had to. We had a contract with the government to ship radars. There was no option. You had to get it working. The first test would be down in the labs down in the basement and then we'd move it up to the roof. The radar would actually look out and we'd check it out and then it would go in the aircraft. And we'd fly it out of our own hanger, BWI, and then it would go out to whichever service was buying it and we'd test it at their field.
Were there often surprises as you moved up in this hierarchy?
Occasionally we would actually have to fly a software engineer so they could be up in the airplane seeing what was going wrong. Because the description of the error, our people couldn't comprehend it so the so we got a couple of people flight qualified [Laughing].
I was thinking also that you know one might imagine, okay, it works, it works in the lab it should work in these different settings.
Right. Our fire controls radars we actually would launch the missiles and stuff like that and we would occasionally have a timing problem because you're talking about the military's latest, greatest, high performance air craft. And we were given the specs but then you go up in the airplane and these guys are jockeys. [Laughing]. They can fly that plane around something terrible. So a couple of times we had to tune up the software. Make it faster. But generally the code was right. It was tested enough. That there weren't silly bugs in it because you had the whole sequence of unit test, integration test, bench test.
IEEE & ACM Memberships and Getting Published
Okay. You remained an IEEE member I know and I see you were also a long time member of —
[Interposing] ACM, the Association for Computing Machinery. And due to my math, the Society of Industrial Applied Mathematicians, So I'm still a member of all three of those.
And what was it that kept you a member, their publications or the conferences or other activities?
Generally while I was still at Westinghouse, the publications and then when I was thinking about retiring, I talked to some people at UMBC about teaching and I said oh I'd better keep them up [Laughing] so, publish or perish.
[Interposing] Well in the case of IEEE as soon as you make life member then you've made it, but [Laughing].
ACM has got something similar.
Now I see that you've done quite a few quite a few publications, Was that encouraged at all by Westinghouse?
Yes —
[Interposing] And a lot of this must have been classified.
— but we had to clear them of course. And they had to be appropriate to the business. The classic story was one of my people was a sports enthusiast and had invented a new type of bow and wanted to patent it. And the company said no, that's not our product line. So they had to be publications and presented papers relative to the business area. Because the company funded your trip there and things like that.
Right. Was there an issue with the classified work?
— Well we knew not to put anything classified in there, the papers so —
So you're talking about some programming technique or method and as long as it's general it's not an issue
Right. Of course we'd never publish anything about a radar algorithm or anything like that. That was all classified.
Yes. Were conferences important to you?
I enjoyed them because I got a chance to go on a trip and present a paper and stuff like that.
But also in terms of learning what people are doing elsewhere?
Yes, we would get one or two of those a year. We'd have a budget for it. You had to live within your budget of course. And Doctor Pan liked me and I got a lot of IR & D money so I generally had IR & D projects running every year.
Oh. Can you tell me about any of those that were interesting?
That's what started our computer aided system, was IR & D money to be able to simulate first our computers and then more and more the radar. And he funded the compilers so we could be one of the first with JOVIAL compiler and one of the first with an Ada compiler.
Simulating Radar and Computers
Tell me about that simulating. I can understand simulating the radar. You said you simulated the computers?
Right. Because, don't forget, the computers at that time were made out of dual inline packs that you put on a printed circuit board so we would write a digital simulation model of each part. And then the design engineers would give us the string list of how they're wired together and so we could run a simulation. And then we could actually take and write a program and we could simulate what that program would be. So before the computer was built, we were starting to check out software. And at that time, that was kind of a new thing. Of course Intel does it all the time now. It became standard.
[Interposing] And then you also simulated the whole radar system?
Jim Mims in a different group mainly would lay that out. Sometimes my people would help and sometimes other people. But yes, our radar systems engineers ran detailed simulations of the radar before they released the specs to have them design the hardware.
I think that's one of the big transitions in the second half of the 20th century, this from a kind of cut and try engineering, empirical work to you're doing the design work with computer simulations.
Right. And as our computers got bigger and faster we could do more and more detailed simulations.
Working for Westinghouse in the 1960s & 1970s
How was it going for Westinghouse Electronics in those years, the 60's and 70's?
We were right up there, maybe sometimes the biggest. One of our top competitors at that time was Hughes. And then different competitors came and went while we stayed pretty big.
There must have been some ups and downs when defense money was cut back.
We didn't win the F 15 radar so we worked harder and won the F 16. We had a few layoffs along the way. So, yes there were some ups and downs.
So how did it go for you? You started the software group and you said it grew from 3 to 20 people in that group, was that around the end of the 60's, '70 time?
That was into the 70's I guess, yeah.
How did it go from there?
We stabilized about that size because they then spawned more software groups. The air traffic control people had their own software group. Surface Division had their software group and Hunt Valley had their own software group. So rather than any one software group getting huge it was distributed.
Again a bit of a digression but I'm wondering about how software engineering became this recognized branch of engineering. I mean when you were in school probably that wasn't —
Yes, you were called programmers. I don't know if I was the first one but at Westinghouse you were hired in as an assistant engineer, associate engineer, then it became engineer, senior engineer. We were doing software so I called my people software engineers, rather than programmers. Because they all had college degrees. And we really treated software as an engineering discipline.
But also in those years the kind of more of a theoretical basis for that type of engineering is emerging in universities are starting to establish programs and stuff.
Right, you had mills that would throw over the wall and keep design separate from programming and that never worked very well [chuckling]. And object oriented programming came along and I guess before that structured programming one entrance, one exit. We went through all that.
[Chuckling] What was particularly valuable among the things that you've just mentioned, structured programming, object oriented?
The thing I found was there was, and this was published in a book, there was no silver bullet in software. Every one of those they put out as a big deal and really it was a small increment in the growth of software. Even today object oriented programming only applies to about one-third of the type of software we do. And you've got whole languages that are based on object oriented programming. For the type of program it's good for, great, but when you write a compiler that's a different of programming. When you write real time software that's a different type of programming. So we kept up with all the trends but we never overdid it and got mired down in a new trend. We picked the best part of it and kept going from there.
Working with and Evaluating Ada
And I know also with languages, as for one the Defense Department required Ada, and there were often thoughts that okay this language is going to really mean a lot have you seen — ?
[Interposing] Right I actually worked it, it was called HOLWG, High Order Language Working Group. So I was actually part of the review team to review Ada and then I had my group do an Ada compiler. We had the first Ada compiler for the 1758 —
Please tell me about, about that.
Right. The idea was if we had a programming language where it did a lot of checking, we'd minimize errors. And so the Ada language was designed with strong typing. Basically everything that could be checked that was reasonable was checked. And it did help minimize errors. We dealt in defects per 1,000 lines of code. And we wanted to drive that to zero. And in commercial software it's floating around these days probably at about 1 defect per 1,000 lines of code. Microsoft has 2 million lines of code so you can guess how many defects they have [chuckling]. Okay. Well we had defects too. And you just had to work to get those out. It worked out pretty well. Our group did not resist it. Some companies resisted.
[Interposing] Oh you were part of a group that evaluated Ada?
Yes. We evaluated proposals, put in suggestions of what should go in the language worked with Gene Ishbia [spelling?] to get the first design of Ada. Eventually I was on the Ada numerical working group, part of the Ada repertoire group. So I've been active in Ada. I still am active in the Ada group. They're working on the 2012 release of the language.
So you, you were probably a proponent of the use of Ada.
Yes. One of my really bright employees Andy Griffith went up to a meeting. They were working on a new hardware design language and it became known as VHCL and he proposed it be based on Ada. And they went with his proposal. So we've got a hardware design language, VHCL that's based on Ada. And these were the outgrowth of — we started with Fortran and eventually had ALGOL. See NELIAC is the Naval Electronic Laboratory International ALGOL Compiler. JOVIAL is Jules Own Version of the International ALGOL Language [Laughing].
So ALGOL was very much used for a while.
Yes. And ALGOL was the ACM publication language for a while. And now of course we've got Python and Ruby and [Laughing] zillions of languages.
When was it that Ada was being developed?
Oh my. Ada '83 was the first standard and so it was soon after '83 was probably the first time we used it on an actual computer. So '84, '85.
And when was it that the Defense Department required Ada in their contracts?
It would be around '85, '86. And it wasn't required on all programs. The Air Force had caused the development of JOVIAL. JOVIAL was the Air Force's language. And so they slowly transitioned from that to Ada. The Army transitioned at a different time
How did that go, the move to Ada?
Our training program was not difficult. The toughest transition was to get some of our management off assembly language. They were thinking that higher language is going to be so inefficient, we're going to have to build bigger faster computers. But it my group pushed it. I pushed it. So going from assembly language to higher order language was a difficult step. But then from language to language — I call it syntactic sugar. The commas and semicolons went in different places but yeah, come on.
I see. Oh that's very interesting because there must still be people who program in assembly or?
The core of the operating system on every computer is still written in assembly language. Some hardware drivers like for sound cards and — things like that. But very little. We still at UMBC teach a little assembly language so that people understand why they're using compilers.
And these people at Westinghouse who were reluctant to move to a higher level language they were won over after they —
[Interposing] Yes. And from both pressure inside and then pressure from the government. Jean Sammet wrote a book called The Tower of Babel and it shows that the government was supporting over 100 different languages, many of them assembly languages. And the support costs were going up. That was part of the pressure to go to a few higher languages. They of course never achieved just Ada. You'd never get down to just one. Just like potato chips. You can't just have one.
[Laughing] So from your perspective, here at Westinghouse, that was a good effort, Ada and it got used effectively and —
[Interposing] And it helped us win some jobs because we were one of the first to have our own Ada compiler so we could say we could program in Ada. So eventually a company called ACT produced JOVIAL compilers and then Ada compilers. Since they were producing it for a number of companies their support costs were less. So it made sense to buy them. Today they outsource everything [Laughing].
Teaching at Westinghouse
I think I saw that you were involved in teaching while you were at Westinghouse.
Oh yes. We had the Westinghouse School of Applied Engineering Science. I taught how to use our computer aided system. I taught programming languages. Way back we had bought a timesharing service and we had the Basic programming language available. You programmed it by sitting at a machine and making a paper tape and running the paper tape in. So I taught a lot of our engineers how to program in Basic. This was probably around '64. [Laughing]. And then along the way I taught programming language, different design classes, all related to software.
Tell me about the Westinghouse School of Applied Engineering Science.
I'm not sure who started it but we held the classes in the evening at the plant. And they were taught by either systems engineers or expert engineers in some field or sometimes managers. It really helped because we were teaching our engineers the stuff they would actually be using. So it was different than a college course that was generic. It was very focused. And this really helped.
And were all the instructors Westinghouse people?
Almost all of them. Back as the Cold War was going on we had an instructor come in to teach Russian and I took one of the courses. [Laughing]. I didn't know at that time, [Laughing] so place your bets
Why was that thought to be valuable for Westinghouse people?
We tried to get as much intelligence we could on the Russian radars because we also built jammers. I never developed my skill enough to be able to read it but I could read a Russian math book by the time I was out of there because math is pretty standard across the world. But the idea was if we needed it we wanted to have people who could actually read the Russian text. I think our 3-letter friends really did most of the work in passing information on to us.
Westinghouse during the 1970s & 1980s
I'd like to hear more about some of the other work you were doing in the 70's and 80's.
Basically we worked in conjunction with Surface Division so that the computer aided design running the machine tools, the numerical control, could be used by both divisions, Surface Division built a 2402 computer and my group went up to Canada. We sold it to the Canadian Navy. That's why we had to do the NELIAC compilers for them. We worked to get the air traffic control people up to speed on Ada and got their software group going. it was keep up with technology, keep the projects going. It was a busy time.
Was it a hectic time?
Throughout my career at Westinghouse, I was there 34 years, I'm pretty sure I averaged 50 hours a week over that period. Some weeks it was 60 hours a week.
But you got to start at 9:30. [Laughing].
Yes. And sometimes I'd get out by midnight.
So yes, I got known as the night person. I also only lived 10 minutes from the plant so if there was a problem with software late at night you knew who they would call [Laughing]. So I had to keep my fingers in all the different software. Some of my people were like, on AWACS Leo Kossa was on that for many years. And so I had some people who technically reported to me but they worked on projects, they were assigned off. We had matrix management, of course, so you had your project management and they would collect people to do the project and then the line management would develop the technology and support.
So did you stay in that kind of a position through the years of heading the software group?
25 years in management, software management. Obviously I liked it or I wouldn't have stayed [Laughing].
Right. [Laughing]. Were there any big changes over that period that you saw?
From my view they were all incremental changes. In fact, I would generally resist a knee-jerk change or a major change. I could keep my group more efficient if we made a continual small change. So yes, software changed quite a bit over that time. But we did it gradually.
Now the people in your group did they typically stay there a long time?
Some of them, yes, and some got promoted up.
I know it's usual for engineers to go into management. Did that happen a lot with the people in your group?
Over the years in Westinghouse most of the management came up from the ranks from engineering. And that worked pretty well.
I'm wondering if the stereotype is these young programmers you who do this for a while and then move up to management and so the people doing the coding are young. Was that true in your group?
People did the programming all the way up through senior engineers. I did some of it as a A-level manager, B-level manager. The days where you had the scientist and they had the programmer and the scientist would tell the programmer what to do, that's essentially gone. It just didn't work well. It was easier to train the scientist to write the code. Because writing the code is not that hard [Laughing].
I see.
What would happen is the people working on it would learn more and more about the system. So our software people who did the radar control software, they had to really understand how that whole radar worked. And so they grew and got promoted.
So you said that sometimes people in your group would be assigned to a project. So they would be physically away?
Each project would beg, borrow or steal, they would actually get an area of the building and then that radar project would be there and then the different groups would send people in to run and actually build that specific project.
So it sounds like you worked on a wide range of things, I mean radars and AWACS —
We actually did some counter-measures. The APQ programs were electronic countermeasures programs and pods. I worked with Surface Division.
[Interposing] Select Fire Control?
Yes. We did fire control on aircraft. We did torpedo control and torpedoes had eventually very powerful computers in them [Laughing]. I mean that torpedo could track the ship, could decide what kind of ship it was going after, there was a lot of sophistication
Even distinguish if there are two ships close together, what's the target?
Yes. So there's a lot of software in all that stuff. Your car today probably has 20 computers in it. You just see a wire and you see a little bulge. There's a micro chip in there with a computer in it.
Yeah I can imagine the defense electronics are just chockfull of computers[Laughing].
A friend of mine is a statistician at NIH and because of that job he ends up working on all sorts of research projects. It sounds like your job is a little bit like that because the software people are engaged in all kinds of —
All kinds. The system engineer couldn't give you a flow chart. So they told you what needed to be done. And so the software engineers had to create the algorithms as well as program it. You had to tune it up, get the timing fast.
That certainly was the idea early on. Also the idea with the flow chart, you have the intellectual design, you lay it out, and then you turn it over to programmers.
And it didn't work because they missed the little things like defining all the data structures. You've got this flow chart but you don't know what the data structures are. You don't know really what it's supposed to do. So typically some of my people managed the software for the projects. What they would do, , the first thing, is introduce them to the system, to the radar system, how it worked, what it did, what the timing was, so it was called top-down. So they started out so that everybody on the project really understood the whole system. And that's why Westinghouse did well
That's very interesting. I think that's an important point to understand about how these how this work flows.
Yes, you can't partition it and have brick walls between the different groups. The information has to flow.
So how long did you keep at that?
Well like I said I was in management for 25 years.
So you kept doing that until you retired from Westinghouse?
Actually I became an advisory engineer when Northrop Grumman bought out Westinghouse. As long as Westinghouse was Westinghouse, I was a manager.
From Westinghouse to Northrop Grumman
Tell me about that when Northrop Grumman came in.
They changed the management. Did some reorganization. Focus changed a little bit on how we were going to do business.
Would you care to comment on whether it was for the good or the worse?
It didn't affect me too much. I was at the point where really I was better off working as an advisor to high level management than managing a group. I was able to use all my experience for that. Some people complained. Some people were happy.
How did that go, your acting as an advisor?
Pretty well. That was interesting work. But then I looked at my future and I found, gee at 62 I can start collecting Social Security. I talked to UMBC. Oh, I can be teaching part time. Hey I'm a double-dipper. Oh, I can do consulting. I can be a triple-dipper. So I am now a triple dipper. I run my own consulting business. PDEforYou.Com. And it's an LCC. And then I teach. I worked for Harry Smith who was our general manager for a while. When he retired he formed a small company, Apex Eclipse. And I worked for them for a while. Rudy Brown, when he retired, he formed a small company, Technical Information.
[Interposing] When was it you retired from Northrop Grumman?
I guess it would be '98. Well, no. I was born in '38. I retired at 62. [Laughing].
Okay so, 2000.
I've only got a Master's degree in math. I can't subtract.
Okay, 2000. I actually started teaching night school I would teach at night at UMBC in '98. That's what it was.
So you started teaching before you retired.
I tended to always plan ahead, to always have a Plan B. So yes, I would teach one course in the evening. And so I had my foot in the door at UMBC. I knew I had a part time job line up when I retired.
So you've had an active retirement, if you want to call it retirement.
I'm active with scouts. I'm a Webelos Den Leader and I work with a Cub Scout pack and a Boy Scout troop as Advancement Chairman. I work with the District. I work with the Council. So I'm 20 hours a week with Scouts [Laughing].
No but I was thinking also of your of your teaching and consulting.
[Interposing] Yeah teaching is about 20 hours a week. Consulting is about 20 hours a week. Yes. 60 hours a week still
But it looks like you're thriving.
Grass doesn't grow under these feet.
You've completed your PhD?
Yes. I needed it for teaching at UNBC. The students were calling me Doctor and I thought I'm not going to sit around and say no, no, you've got to call me Mister. It was easier to get the degree. It didn't get me a raise; it didn't get me a promotion.
What's been especially rewarding in the last ten years?
Teaching. I really enjoy teaching. That's the fun part I like. Grading exams I've got a pile of 80 exams at home. I've got 80 students, 2 40-student groups this semester. And that's the harder part but teaching is fun for me.
And you teach software?
Actually I'm teaching computer architecture — arithmetic units and floating point units and control and that. Sometimes I'll teach a course in numerical computation, up through partial differential equations. Sometimes I'll teach a course in graphics, graphical user interface. At one time I taught some programming languages. But then I bring the graphics and the numerical computation and the hardware together through my consulting business. Again, I'm the type of person who makes sure that all the pieces fit together and support each other.
So it's been a very busy time since 2000.
I was pleased to see that you're an IEEE Life member. Is there any more that, to say about your involvement with IEEE over the years? You did say it started out as the IRE.
So you're one of the people who remembers that organization. [Laughing]
I was able to give one presentation at an IEEE conference. It had 3,000 people in the audience. And boy is that an interesting experience. And right here we have a room and our local IEEE meets here. And I've given I think two talks to the IEEE section that meets here.
Is there a student chapter at UMBC?
Not as far as I know. One of the reasons is UMBC doesn't have undergraduate electrical engineering. We offer a Master's and PhD in electrical engineering. But without undergraduates you would tend not to have a chapter.
I'm always interested in the vocational interests of people. It sounds like scouting is something you have given a lot of time to.
Yes, because I love working with the boys. My big thing there is advancement and to have them achieve and learn. Our goal is to build the future leaders of America. And so we're training them in citizenship as well as in skills. And we do it by having them have fun.
In my teaching I try and make it interesting. When I teach my numerical computation course, the first thing they have to do is program the flight of a rocket. So I take a model rocket and the second class we go out and we fire the rocket. And I say okay now that's what you've got to model. So whatever I can do to make it fun. So, scouting; I still do a lot of computer programming.
[Interposing] As a consultant?
And for my own fun [Laughing].
Oh. What sort of programming for fun? That's a new concept for most people. [Laughing].
I solve 4-dimensional partial differential equations for fun. And lately I've been solving a 6-dimensional one. It's called a neutron transport equation. Math is my hobby too. I combine the math and I combine the graphics and produce interesting pictures. So it's, different.
Have you kept up the amateur radio activities?
No. I built transmitters and receivers and was on the air for a while.
You mentioned one or two other things that went by me too fast things that you've been involved with in the last decade or so.
I'm active with Alpha Phi Omega. I'm a faculty advisor. It's a national service fraternity. I'm also a faculty advisor for the LINUX Users Group at UMBC. These are volunteer jobs; you don't get paid for it.
How do you feel about LINUX?
Oh. I use it on all my computers. I still use Microsoft Windows but when I want to get heavy duty partial differential equations, that's not what Windows was designed for. [Laughing]. Something like 95% of all super computers are using LINUX, only 5% use Microsoft. And I like programming super computers. Oh, a hobby. I build my own computers. When the first quad core was available, before Dell or HP or anybody sold it, I bought the parts and the motherboard and assembled myself a quad core computer. Well about six months ago, the 12 core computer came out from AMD. So my desktop computer currently is a 12 core computer that I built myself. What I've got is 16 gigabytes of RAM, 2 DVD burners. So yes, computers are my hobby. Hardware and software.
Reflections on Career at Westinghouse
Wonderful. Are there things I haven't asked about that you'd care to comment on or mention?
Not that I can think of. One thing that I thought was great about Westinghouse and that was the management team. George Shapiro would work late and John Stuntz who was the Division manager would come by and be there late. And I'd be around. And so I'd get to deal with him. Johnny Pearson, the engineering manager, I often dealt with him.
So the evening was a good time?
Right. A lot of the bosses stayed around and so I got to meet a lot of the high level management. I got to know Harry Smith when he was a top executive. I spent a lot of time with Dr Paul Pan, worked with Gene Strull over at ATL. So from my perspective we really had a great upper management team.
That's interesting about the evening being a time to get to know some of those people.
Right. A few of those guys like Stuntz would get there an hour before the normal working time but then he'd be there an hour or two after the normal working time. [chuckling] It was the culture of Westinghouse then that you worked long hours.
And just before I became a manager, I put in for one hour of overtime to see what it would look like in my paycheck. So, yes, it was the culture; .you got the job done. Very few people were putting in overtime but a lot of the engineers worked overtime. I think the law might get after them these days more but it was really a great working environment. Today I see more and more people switching jobs more often. We had a lot of lifetime employees. They hired into Westinghouse, retired from Westinghouse
I know a lot of young people feel that it's important for their resume that they have experience at a number of places.
Yes. I try and counsel the people and actually cover it in my class: Be sure you work a little over two years at each job because when I was hiring people if I saw somebody who worked a year or not quite two years and then a year and not quite two years, [I thought] "Oh a jumper. Not going to hire him.
Yes, but in the years of your career people tended to stay at Westinghouse.
Right. I don't think I had anybody who left in less than four years and often it was due to a family problem or wanting to go to a different state or something like that. We provided a pretty good environment for the engineers, since all the bosses at that time were engineers. That's what changed when as we called it the MBAs took over.
Okay. Is that like in the 90's?
Yes. Right. [Laughing]
I knew there was a lot of emphasis on getting an MBA in the 90's.
So that and the profit motive. We were talking about the Westinghouse stock price. And I made a comment, oh yes, those guys in Pittsburgh are worried about what the stock price is going to be next month. And one of the managers looked at me, Jon, they're worried about the stock price is going to be tomorrow morning. [Laughing]. So, okay short term thinking. But as engineers we had to always be planning for the next system, we were building this system. What's the next proposal going to be? How are we going to build the next system? So the engineering community always has to look out and look quite a ways ahead.
Yes. Well thank you so much.
Okay. It's been fun.
- 1 About Jon Squire
- 2 About the Interview
- 3 Copyright Statement
- 4 Interview
- 4.1 Background and Education
- 4.2 Working on Radar and Computers for Westinghouse
- 4.3 IEEE & ACM Memberships and Getting Published
- 4.4 Simulating Radar and Computers
- 4.5 Working for Westinghouse in the 1960s & 1970s
- 4.6 Working with and Evaluating Ada
- 4.7 Teaching at Westinghouse
- 4.8 Westinghouse during the 1970s & 1980s
- 4.9 From Westinghouse to Northrop Grumman
- 4.10 Retirement
- 4.11 Reflections on Career at Westinghouse


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Getting Cozy: Sweater Inspired Throw Blankets
Fall is easily my favorite season. I love the chill in the air, the burst of orange, red and yellow on the trees and in the streets. But most of all I love wrapping myself in soft, cozy knits, fleeces and flannels. Comfort fabrics also make great blankets. Take this little selection of sweater inspired throws, for example. Throw blankets have the added bonus of allowing you to turn down the heat a notch or two. Most of these throws include organic or recycled materials making them an extra green home design element for fall.
1 Sweater Knit Throw, Pottery Barn, $79
2 Simple Harvest Afghan Throw, handmade by Willow Creek Sparrow, $40
3 Organic Rouched Throw, West Elm, $69
4 Bamboo Texture Throws, organize.com, $99.99
5 LIfe is Good Washable Wool Blanket recycled from lambswool and merino sweaters, Fat Tabby Woolens, $125
6 Organic Throw Natural Hemp, Nikki Designs, $64
7 Reed Organic Flannek Blanket in Khaki, Burke Decor, $40
8 Upcycled Wool Blanket all from Banana Republic Sweaters, OhLovie, $75

subset: commoncrawl


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CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – Senior Kelly Schulte (Riverside, Calif.), junior Katie Spielbauer (Lakeview, Mich.), and sophomore Kristine Bunker (Falmouth, Mass.) were selected to the Capital One Academic All-District women's volleyball team as announced by the College Sports Information Directors of America on Thursday. The trio, which accounts for half of the all-district honorees, will represent MIT on the national ballot and will contend for Academic All-America honors to be voted on later this month.
A second team all-district selection last year, Schulte is a two-time NEWMAC all-conference pick and she ranked 10th in the league in blocks (69). She placed eighth on MIT's all-time list with 269 career blocks and led the team in kills (249), was third in blocks, and fifth in aces (28). Majoring in biology with a minor in nuclear science and engineering, Schulte is conducting research in the MIT Bioengineering Lab working with mice and fluorescent proteins to signal DNA damage and repair. In the Nuclear Science and Engineering Lab she used gamma rays to irradiate cells to see changes in cell density due to low-dose radiation.
Spielbauer was tabbed to the NEWMAC first team all-conference after leading the league in aces (82) and finishing 10th in digs (420). As the Engineers' primary passer she has a service reception percentage of .942 and currently ranks 22nd in the country in aces per set. Spielbauer is an electrical engineering major who completed an internship this past summer at the Fermi 2 Nuclear Power Plant run by Detroit Edison.
Bunker led the team in blocks with 93 while placing fourth in the NEWMAC this year. During her rookie campaign she ranked 20th in the country in blocks per set and broke the Institute record for blocks in a three-set match with 12. Majoring in mechanical engineering with a minor in material science engineering, Bunker interned at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution where she processed and analyzed data, developed data collecting platforms, and worked with the platforms in the field.
MIT is the all-time Division III leader in producing Academic All-Americas and ranks third across all NCAA divisions with 175 honors. In addition, the women's volleyball program stands second with 15 selections as it trails Nebraska on the list.


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Freezing increases to compulsory superannuation contributions for the next seven years is not the government's preferred option, Treasurer Joe Hockey has admitted.
Under a deal negotiated with the Palmer United Party to repeal the mining tax, employer superannuation contributions will be frozen at 9.5 per cent until 2021 when they increase to 10 per cent.
After that, contributions will increase by 0.5 per cent annually until they reach 12 per cent.
As a result, Labor claims that a 25-year-old Australian earning $55,000 a year will be more than $9000 worse off by 2025.
Industry sources say the impact over a 40-year working life could be as high as $100,000, taking into account compound interest.
Industry Super Australia chief David Whiteley criticised the decision, saying it was about a short-term budget fix that would be felt later with increased age pension payments.
The Financial Services Council calculates working Australians will have $128 billion less in their superannuation savings by 2025.
"With increasing financial pressures of an ageing population, now is not the time to slow down on superannuation," council CEO John Brogden said.
Mr Hockey sought to pin the blame on Labor for any adverse impact on superannuation accounts.
"This is not our preferred option," the treasurer told reporters in Canberra on Tuesday.
Initially the government proposed a two-year delay to Labor's plan for a 12 per cent contribution rate by 2019/20.
But that was opposed by Labor, the Greens and PUP in the Senate forcing the government to change its repeal legislation.
"They dealt themselves out of the game," Mr Hockey said of Labor's position.
As a result, the 12 per cent rate will now not be reached until July 2025.
The government denied it had broken a promise not to make any adverse changes to superannuation in its first term.
Prime Minister Tony Abbott said by delaying the contribution increases, workers would have more money in their pockets.
That's because the 0.25 per cent annual increases legislated by Labor could be used by employers as an offset against wage increases.
PUP leader Clive Palmer defended his decision to back the freeze, arguing it was more important for Australian families to have access to money now, not in 50 years.
He claimed as a statistical fact that up to 50 per cent of Australians would die before they could access their superannuation.
Business has welcomed the freeze with the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry saying it will reduce costs and make it easier to invest and employ.


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Trading Doldrums Won't Sink Morgan Stanley, Goldman Sachs
The wind may have come out of Wall Street's trading sails, but that doesn't mean Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs Group Inc. are stuck treading water.
The two likely were buffeted in the second quarter by an expected drop of 20% to 25% in trading revenue across the banking sector. Growth in other parts of their businesses, however, could pick up much of the slack.


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Letter of intent explores integration of the behavioral health organizations
Erie, Pa. (October 7, 2013) --- Stairways Behavioral Health of Erie, Pa., and Beacon Light Behavioral Health Systems of Bradford, Pa. have announced that their Boards of Directors have signed mutual Letters Of Intent to affiliate under a common Support Corporation.
The two organizations have already enjoyed a long term working partnership in Warren County, providing both private and inpatient psychiatry and substance abuse services. This affiliation expands upon that successful partnership.
Beacon Light previously restructured according to the support corporation model, performing shared administrative and operational functions for its existing, distinct companies of Children's Home of Bradford, Children's Center for Treatment and Education, and Ramsbottom Center, Inc.
Through affiliation, Stairways board members and administrators will share an active role in governing the affiliated system, integrating administration with Beacon Light in the areas of finance, information technology and human resources, among others.
Beacon Light will continue to maintain local governance of its existing distinct companies, as will Stairways maintain local governance of its programs and services, including development of community wellness initiatives through Center City Arts, and support of its separate corporation, Opportunities Unlimited of Erie.
Stairways currently employs approximately 500 people in Erie and Crawford counties and generates yearly revenues of $25 million through comprehensive behavioral health programs, including adult treatment and rehabilitation, forensic, substance abuse and crisis services, child and adolescent programming, housing and vocational support, arts and community wellness.
"This affiliation greatly enhances our continuum of services," said William F. McCarthy, President and CEO of Stairways. "In this day and age, more than half of all health care organizations across the country are part of health systems. We see this move as congruent with the direction health care is moving. Stairways is choosing to combine our efforts with a like-minded, mission-driven organization like Beacon Light, strengthening our ability to sustain our mission into the future."
Beacon Light employs over 650 people in McKean, Warren, Forest, Clearfield, Jefferson, Clearfield and Bradford counties, with a wide spectrum of child and family programs in residential and community settings. Beacon Light generates over $30 million in annual revenue. They recently opened a new Adult Recovery Center in Warren which integrated all of their existing adult services under one roof.
"Stairways is a quality organization that is focused on adult services. Beacon Light from its very origin has been focused on children and families. The natural synergies that will occur from this affiliation will clearly strengthen both organizations" states Richard Seager, President and CEO of the Beacon Light Companies. "This will truly be a marriage of equals that in the end should bring us cost effective quality service to all age groups in the communities we serve".
Under the proposed arrangement, Mr. Seager will serve as CEO of the affiliated Support Corporation, and current Stairways CEO William McCarthy will continue to lead Stairways. "Beacon Light has a 110-year legacy of providing services to children and families in across Pennsylvania. Stairways has provided services to adults, families and children for over 50 years in Erie and Crawford Counties. Both organizations will always be 'local' companies, with local governance and direction, states McCarthy. "This affiliation helps us all to leverage resources, share expertise and achieve an impact that is truly remarkable"
"With the mounting costs of technology, overhead, regulatory compliance and service delivery, larger organizations have shown a greater ability to not only survive unexpected changes, but to actually thrive in spite of them." states Seager
Once completed, the affiliation will make the Beacon Light companies and Stairways Behavioral Health the largest and most comprehensive behavioral health services provider across the entire Northwestern Pennsylvania region.
For more information about Beacon Light Behavioral Health, please see: www.beacon-light.org
For more information about Stairways Behavioral Health, please see: www.StairwaysBH.org
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The college has emergency phones throughout the campus. Many are located on blue poles with blue lights at the top. These are located in all parking lots designated for student parking and in other locations where students, faculty and staff congregate such as the Snyder Field Soccer Stadium and the lawn of the Village.
Use these phones when you feel in danger, need emergency assistance or need to report an incident. They are simple to use - just push the button.
The campus also has phones located adjacent to the front entrances of most residence halls. To use these, simply push the left button to get a dial tone and enter the phone number you are calling. To reach Campus Safety, enter 4911.


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According to § 5 of the German "Teledienst-Gesetz" the German Sepsis Society is responsible for their "own content" which they provide for use. "Links" to content from other providers are to be differentiated from these own contents. By using links the German Sepsis Society offers "external contents" which are marked as links. The German Sepsis Society is only responsible for these external contents if they have positive knowledge of these contents (including illegal and criminal contents, too) and if it is technically possible and reasonable to prevent their usage (§ 5 Teledienst-Gesetz).
Links are always defined as "living" dynamic connections. When first linking an external content to their pages, the German Sepsis Society has checked its potential violation of civil and penal law. But, the German Sepsis Society is not obligded to constantly check changes of external contents with respect to their violation of civil and penal law. Only when the German Sepsis Society discovers or is made aware of by others that a content, which they have linked to their page, violates civil and penal law, they will remove the connection to this contact as long as it is technically possible and reasonable. The technical possiblity and reasonability is not effected by the fact that after removing the link from the German Sepsis Society web page these contents with a civil and penal law violation can still be contacted from other servers.
T. Welte, Hannover
German Sepsis Society
Jena University Hospital
Erlanger Allee 101
07747 Jena
Phone: 0049 3641 9323381
Fax: 0049 3641 9323382
Email: email@example.com
Registration court
District Court Jena
Register No.
technical realization and style
Takwa GmbH
Internet: www.takwa.de
eMail: email@example.com


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Posted: 05/13/2010
TAMIU Graduate Part of Inspiring
Oscar Widales is featured in "Life is Loud," a campaign developed by The Texas A&M University System for its Mid-Career STEM Teacher Education Program (MC-STEP), in partnership with Texas Regional Collaboratives for Excellence in Science and Mathematics Teaching and the Texas Education Agency.
Today, the D. D. Hachar Honors Program Texas A&M International University 2009 graduate is finding his knack extended to encouraging others to fulfill their dreams and perhaps follow his lead into the classroom via a new multi-media campaign.
He's featured as a teacher in "Life is Loud," a campaign that seeks to cast today's classroom as a sanctuary for dreams to be made real and help identify, recruit and graduate the 11,000 new math or science teachers Texas needs to address its critical teacher shortage.
The campaign was developed by The Texas A&M University System for its Mid-Career STEM Teacher Education Program (MC-STEP), in partnership with Texas Regional Collaboratives for Excellence in Science and Mathematics Teaching and the Texas Education Agency.
Widales said he believes his approach to teaching links with the campaign's, strengthening its message.
"One of the things I like to build my classroom on is respect. I respect my students, and I expect them to respect me and themselves. Students notice when a teacher truly cares about them, and it makes a very big difference in the attitude they have toward the teacher and the class itself. I always tell my students that I am there for them and because of them and that I will do everything I can to ensure they succeed, but they also know I expect them to work hard and to be committed. I try to not only be a teacher but also a mentor and someone my students can trust," he explained.
He said he also hopes that he can encourage greater appreciation for mathematics.
"Unfortunately for some reason or another, many students tend to be apathetic about mathematics. They see it as pointless and irrelevant to their lives. In order to engage and excite students about mathematics, I try to incorporate as much "real life" examples or scenarios as possible. For instance, I like to start off some lessons in my geometry class with PowerPoint presentations that show geometric figures or ideas in real life. Many students find them interesting and realize that they are learning a lot more than simple facts," he noted.
He said the experience of filming the campaign, which is available online and in print advertisements in magazines like Texas Monthly, was itself interesting.
"The commercial was filmed on a Friday at a high school in Austin, and filming began early. All of the students from the commercial are actual students from the high school we were in, and they were all really excited to be there. I was excited as well and surprisingly not nervous at all… at times, it felt like I was in a movie studio filming the sequel to "Stand and Deliver!" he recalled.
As for helping nurture Texas' next generation of math and science teachers, he believes to not do so could cripple the State's future.
"If the State is unable to fill the need for 11,000 math or science teachers by 2012, it is going to have to implement plans to either get the needed teachers or find ways to make up for their absence. One possibility is for the State to search for teachers abroad. If I am not mistaken, something along these lines is already taking place, yet the shortage remains. The State of Texas would really have a hard time if the need were not met. Further, mathematics and science are the future of the nation. Most modern jobs require an understanding of mathematics, science, and technology, which is technically a combination of mathematics and science, so mathematics and science teachers at the high school level are setting the ground for information youngsters will encounter in their everyday lives," he surmised.
What words of advice would he offer a possible future mathematician or scientist?
"One of the first things I would tell a student who is thinking of becoming a math or science teacher is for him or her to make sure they love the field. In order to be able to make students love subject, teachers need to love it and be passionate about it themselves. I constantly bring up my experiences at TAMIU during my classes. I emphasize the opportunities I got to meet awesome individuals and to travel to great places. In my room, I have my TAMIU Class of 2009 sash, and I constantly make mention of higher education in one way or another. Fortunately, students have been responsive to this, and many of them have asked me about career advice and about my experiences at TAMIU,"
he smiled.
Widales' passion for his field is palpable. He's apparently got a knack for it.
See the campaign at lifeisloud.org. Watch Widales talk about the campaign at youtube.com/txamiu
For more information on math and science opportunities at TAMIU, call the College of Arts and Sciences, department of engineering, mathematics and physics at 326.2588 or email Dr. Hoonandra Goonatilake at email@example.com
Information can also be found at tamiu.edu/coas/depts/dmps
Click here for more stories focusing on the service and research accomplishments of the administration, faculty and staff of Texas A&M International University.
Journalists who need additional information or help with media requests and interviews should contact the Office of Public Relations, Marketing and Information Services at email@example.com


text:
InspireMD Announces Continued Progress in MASTER Trial
InspireMD Announces Continued Progress in MASTER Trial
313 Patients Enrolled, Results Expected Q3-2012
PR Newswire
TEL AVIV, Israel, April 16, 2012
TEL AVIV, Israel, April 16, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- InspireMD, Inc. (OTC BB: NSPR) (the "Company" or "InspireMD"), a medical device company focusing on the development and commercialization of its proprietary stent platform technology for use in patients with Acute Myocardial Infarctions, today announced that the 313th patient has been enrolled in the MASTER (MGuard™ for Acute ST Elevation Reperfusion) trial. The trial is scheduled to enroll 432 patients in total and the Company is on track to release preliminary top line results in the third quarter of 2012. Completing this trial and using the results globally is a major milestone for the Company this year.
Eli Bar, CTO and Vice President of Research and Development of InspireMD, commented: "We are very encouraged that enrollment in the randomized MASTER trial continues to advance on schedule and we anticipate completing enrollment before the end of the second quarter of 2012. We see the successful completion of this trial as the foundation for an effective global launch of MGuard™ that will set the stage for MGuard™ becoming the standard of care for Acute MI patients."
The MASTER Trial is a multinational randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the MGuard™ Coronary Stent compared with the standard of care for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. It seeks to enroll 432 patients in a two-arm, parallel design study. The objective is to evaluate the MGuard™ stent compared to commercially-approved bare metal stents (BMS) or drug eluting stents (DES) in achieving myocardial reperfusion in primary angioplasty for the treatment of STEMI patients. The primary endpoint is complete ST segment resolution. Clinical follow-up will continue for one year and important secondary endpoints such as TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) flow, MBG (Myocardial Blush Grade) and MACE (Major Adverse Cardiac Events) will be measured. Additional sub-studies include cardiac MRI whose enrollment is ongoing, as well as an invasive angiographic follow-up whose enrollment has ended. Dr. Gregg Stone, Director of Cardiovascular Research and Education, Columbia University in New York, is the study chairman.
The MASTER Trial is being conducted in 9 countries: Germany, Hungary, Israel, Poland, Czech Republic, France, Ireland, Brazil and South Africa. It is actively enrolling patients in 51 centers. The trial's principal investigators are Prof. Alexandre Abizaid of the Institute Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Prof. Dariusz Dudek from Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland, and Prof. Sigmund Silber of University of Munich, Germany. Detailed results from the trial are expected to be submitted for presentations at interventional cardiology meetings in the second half of the year.
About InspireMD, Inc.
InspireMD is a medical device company focusing on the development and commercialization of its proprietary stent system technology, MGuard™. InspireMD intends to pursue applications of this technology in coronary, carotid and peripheral artery procedures. InspireMD's common stock is listed on the OTC BB under the ticker symbol "NSPR".
Forward-looking Statements:
This press release contains "forward-looking statements." Such statements may be preceded by the words "intends," "may," "will," "plans," "expects," "anticipates," "projects," "predicts," "estimates," "aims," "believes," "hopes," "potential" or similar words. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, are based on certain assumptions and are subject to various known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company's control, and cannot be predicted or quantified and consequently, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, risks and uncertainties associated with (i) market acceptance of our existing and new products, (ii) negative clinical trial results or lengthy product delays in key markets, (iii) an inability to secure regulatory approvals for the sale of our products, (iv) intense competition in the medical device industry from much larger, multi-national companies, (v) product liability claims, (vi) our limited manufacturing capabilities and reliance on subcontractors for assistance, (vii) insufficient or inadequate reimbursement by governmental and other third party payers for our products, (viii) our efforts to successfully obtain and maintain intellectual property protection covering our products, which may not be successful, (ix) legislative or regulatory reform of the healthcare system in both the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions, (x) our reliance on single suppliers for certain product components, (xi) the fact that we will need to raise additional capital to meet our business requirements in the future and that such capital raising may be costly, dilutive or difficult to obtain and (xii) the fact that we conduct business in multiple foreign jurisdictions, exposing us to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, logistical and communications challenges, burdens and costs of compliance with foreign laws and political and economic instability in each jurisdiction. More detailed information about the Company and the risk factors that may affect the realization of forward-looking statements is set forth in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 13, 2012. Investors and security holders are urged to read these documents free of charge on the SEC's web site at www.sec.gov. The Company assumes no obligation to publicly update or revise its forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Investor Contact:
Michael Rice
Office Phone: (646) 597-6979
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Corporate Contact:
Jonina Ohayon
Marketing Director
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
SOURCE InspireMD, Inc.


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April 16, 2005
LEWISTON, Maine - Uzoma Orji won three events in the field to lead MIT to a convincing win over Bates, Colby and Southern Maine on a sunny, Spring afternoon in Lewiston, Maine. After an impressive finish in San Diego and a win in the annual Engineers Cup, MIT looks to be running on all cylinders and has topped 21 of its 22 opponents.
Orji won the hammer throw with a mark of 179'11" to cap unscathed performance. He nearly threw a personal best in winning the discus (153'0"), while he easily took the top spot with a toss of 54'2" in the shot put.
Senior Brian Anderson paced the track highlights, winning the 1500 and 800. Anderson split 3:58.08 to lead a 1-3-4 finish for the Engineers in the 1500, while offering a spectacular come-from-behind victory to grab in the 800 in 1:56.74.
Omari Stephens secured another win in the high hurdles, battling the wind for a 16.56 split. Zach Traina also encountered some swirling winds in the 200, but held off Colby's Xavier Garcia for another Tech victory. Ben Schmeckpeper supplied the other win for the track unit, running 9:36 in the steeplechase to open the afternoon's race schedule.
Additional victories in the field were supplied by Makinde Adeagbo, Nestor Hernandez and Nate Ball. Adeagbo captured first place with an outdoor-best effort in the triple jump (43'2.25"), while Hernandez copped top honors in the long jump with a leap of 21'4.75". Ball cruised in the pole vault, jumping a modest 15'0" to take the win.


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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
Two-time Academy Award winner Barbra Streisand, who has sung on the Oscars only once before, will perform on the upcoming Oscar telecast on Feb. 24. Streisand last sang the love theme from "A Star Is Born" in 1977, on the March 28 show, winning the Best Original Song Oscar for "Evergreen" that same night.
"In an evening that celebrates the artistry of movies and music, how could the telecast be complete without Barbra Streisand?" asked producers Craig Zadan and Neil Meron, "We are honored that she has agreed to do a very special performance on this year's Oscars, her first time singing on the show in 36 years."
Streisand won her first Oscar for Best Actress in "Funny Girl" (1968), and was nominated again in 1973 for her lead performance in "The Way We Were." She was also nominated for producing the Best Picture nominee "The Prince of Tides" (1991), which she also directed, and for co-writing the original song "I Finally Found Someone" from "The Mirror Has Two Faces" (1996).
Oscars for outstanding film achievements of 2012 will be presented on "Oscar Sunday," Feb. 24, at the Dolby Theatre at Hollywood & Highland Center, and will be broadcast live on ABC.


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The CSPP Clinical Psychology PsyD program in San Francisco has launched a new Social Justice Track, designed to provide students with a specialized skill set to understand and apply concepts of power, privilege, collaboration, empowerment, and advocacy in the provision of mental health services to historically underserved and oppressed groups. A goal of the Social Justice Track is to prepare the next generation of leaders within the profession of clinical psychology. These leaders will understand systems of oppression and how those systems impede healthy development and quality of life for marginalized groups.
Through special courses, field placements, and dissertation work, students in the Social Justice Track will develop the skills and knowledge to intervene in ways that emphasize change and advocacy at a systemic level and that emphasize consciousness–raising and help clients and communities understand the extent that their difficulties are rooted in larger historical, social and political contexts. Students will gain a sophisticated understanding of how diversity issues and personal and cultural values must be considered in research, supervision and management. They will be able to look clearly at themselves and at the communities they serve at the assumptions, values, goals and commitments at work, and will be able to share power, collaborate, and build and empower communities through their work.


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What Time Does Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve 2014 Start and What Channel is it On?
Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin Eve with Ryan Seacrest 2014 will continue it's tradition as one of the world's biggest NYE celebrations this year. Read on for info on what time and what channel you can watch New Year's Eve television program!
The year's live coverage begins at 8PM ET (6PM MST) on ABC, with a special retrospective on female artists called 'New Year's Rockin' Eve Presents the 30 Greatest Women in Music.'
The show airs live in the Eastern Time Zone, and then on tape delay in the other time zones across the country.
Ryan Seacrest will count down to midnight from New York City's Times Square with co-host Jenny McCarthy; while Fergie will host the performances from the West Coast portion of the program.
Some of the acts on tap for the night; Ariana Grande, Capital Cities, Daughtry, The Fray, Jason Derulo, Fall Out Boy, Jennifer Hudson, Enrique Iglesias and Robin Thicke.
There will again this year a free online live stream provided by the event organisers to bring the NYRE show, midnight ball drop and fireworks to as large an international audience as possible, rivalling the huge new year's eve party and fireworks in Sydney as the biggest global party to welcome 2014


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Selecting your vehicle's make, model, and year allows us to display only parts and items specific to your car's model and year.
Part# CH28995
1 Review
OPGI Price: $321.99
Part Type: (R) = Authentic reproduction of the original GM product
Years: 1970
Sold As: EACH
2018 Monte Carlo Catalog Page: 162
These reproduction transmission cases are ideal for any Muncie 4-speed transmission. Each heavy-duty aluminum casting is manufactured for a precise fit and original appearance. Cases feature the correct casting numbers, patent information and machined bosses for filling and draining.