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It�s official. Keith MacPherson is Waltham�s new police chief.
MacPherson, 56, was sworn in as head of the Police Department Monday night after being unanimously supported by City Council. The vote marked the final step in the appointment process, which began last month after Mayor Jeannette McCarthy announced MacPherson as her pick for the position.
Ward 5 Councilor Gary Marchese, who graduated from Waltham High School with MacPherson, said the city is in good hands with the new chief and that his classmate is an inspiration for all Waltham officers.
"At the pinnacle of his profession, he has risen through the ranks and was promoted from within to become the chief of police," Marchese said. "That gives hope to every patrolman in the city that one day he or she may become chief."
MacPherson celebrated 34 years with the department last month and � barring any unforeseen issues � will spend the rest of his career as chief, as the appointment is lifelong.
MacPherson was previously ranked as deputy chief, but became chief when City Clerk Russ Malone swore him in, as he stood in front of the council with his family, McCarthy, Council President Robert Waddick and assistant city clerk Thomas Curtin.
MacPherson, however, wasn�t the only officer in uniform Monday night, as several members of the department showed up in full uniform to show their support. Capt. William Stanton, who also applied for the chief�s job, commended his new boss.
"He�s the right man for the job," Stanton said.
MacPherson is no stranger to the chief�s job, as he assumed the position�s responsibilities in June 2012 after former police chief Thomas LaCroix was arrested and charged with assaulting his wife. The position officially opened last summer when LaCroix resigned from the department after being convicted of assault.
McCarthy, who last week called MacPherson a quality person and police officer, said the department and city is lucky to have him. The Committee of the Whole unanimously approved MacPherson last Monday, sending its decision out to the full council for the final vote.
MacPherson fielded praise and questions from councilors, many of whom said he was easy to work with and always forthcoming with his ideas and opinions.
Prior to being sworn in, MacPherson � who admittedly dislikes talking about himself � shifted the spotlight to the off-duty police officers and firefighter responsible for saving a 14-year-old girl who survived being pinned beneath a car after she was hit walking on a sidewalk Jan. 30. Police Officer Jeffrey Fogg, Detective Sgt. Steven Fournier and firefighter Matthew MacEwan, who were recognized at the meeting, humbly thanked the city and people for the acknowledgement, but insisted they were just in the right place at the right time, doing what they were trained to do. A couple officers noted a couple of citizens that assisted in the rescue, too.
MacPherson said he was proud of the men, who were recognized by McCarthy and the council for heroism immediately following the swearing-in ceremony.
"Thank you to all of you � the young lady is alive because of you," McCarthy said later to the people involved with the rescue.
MacPherson told those in attendance that he would be responsive to the needs of the community while working to improve constituent communication and strive to be compatible with the ever-changing nature of technology.
"As a lifelong resident, I am committed to the city of Waltham," MacPherson said.
Eli Sherman can be reached at 781-398-8004 or email@example.com. Follow him on Twitter @Eli_Sherman.
Waltham police chief sworn in, city honors off-duty rescuers
It�s official. Keith MacPherson is Waltham�s new police chief.


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Schedule your campus visit today!
It may be the biggest decision of your life so far. It will certainly shape your life to come. As you make your college decisions, here are some things to consider:
At Marian University you'll find:
Where you go to college matters; learn more about Marian University and and apply now!

subset: commoncrawl


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Robust is a responsive multi-purpose WordPress theme for businesses, creative agencies and app developers.
Responsive Design: Robust is fully responsive theme, it will fit & looks good on the desktops, tablets and mobile devices. Try to resize your browser screen or see the demo direcly from your phone or tablet.
Highly Costumizable: This theme very easy to customize with our advanced theme options, you can customize the theme to your taste in just one page in minutes not hours.
Page Builder: Robust comes with custom-made Page Builder with drag&drop interface. Build your pages in minutes without having headache with HTML & Shortcode tags. Watch the
Live Chat: Chat with your customers on your website for sales and support easily without monthly payments, more than one operator user can answer the same question, and when all the operator are offline your customers can still get in touch by filling out the contact form.
Revolution Slider: Create a responsive(mobile friendly) or fullwidth slider with must-see-effects and meanwhile keep or build your SEO optimization (all content always readable for search engines). See the heaps of custom transitions/animations for each object on the page! Customize this slider with our convenient drag&drop backend to your very needs.
Main Features
- WordPress 3.5 ready
- Revolution Slider ($15 value)
- Isotope Portfolio Filtering ($25 value)
- Responsive Design
- HTML5 & CSS3 powered
- Boxed & Wide Layout
- 3 Page Layout options (Left Sidebar, Right Sidebar and Full Width)
- Custom Sidebar for every posts & pages
- Grid Based Layout
- Fixed & Static header position
- Solid Framework
- Advanced Theme Options
- Drag & Drop Page Builder
- Drag & Drop Sidebar Manager
- Lots of Shortcodes with Visual Shortcode Generator
- Unlimited Colors with Integrated Color Picker
- Typography options with Google Fonts
- FontAwesome Iconic Font Integration
- Multi Level Dropdown Menu
- 8 Post Formats
- 7 Custom Widgets
- 5 Page Templates
- Pricing Tables
- Side Navigation Page
- Social Media Icons
- XML demo content & sample Theme Options settings included
- Translation Ready (.po & .mo files included)
- Check out the for more features & how all the features work
I rarely comment on themes—but this theme has been an absolute joy to use compared to many of the others I drudge through.
It has been well-thought out, has an admin that is clever and useful and has a good design that works for any basic website.
Great work! It is rare that become a fan of a designer—this time I am!
This is by far the best WordPress theme I have ever used (and I used a few hundred). I love the clean code, I love the clean look, it's great, thank you.
You guys have done an ABSOLUTELY OUTSTANDING job with this theme. It looks amazing (drool) and it has everything you would need in a theme. Perfectly done!
Rifki congrats, this is one of the greatest themes I ever worked with.
Looking for a great Page Builder based WP theme and LUV this One of yours!
thank you for your great support – i really appreciate that
Awesome job on the template. Very slick design with ease of function.
Rifki—I am very happy with the theme, and the support your are providing. Thank you very very much.
Very happy with the template, just wanted to let you know
If you have any questions relating to this theme please drop me an email via my profile page, I would be glad to help you out as much as possible. Do you love and feel satisfied with the theme? please rate it!
Demo images using 's great works under Creative Commons Generic licence, by , by and the rest are purchased from . All images not included in the theme package.
===| v1.0.1 |=== - Live Chat plugin version 1.2. - Fix bugs in portfolio layout. - Fix bugs in sidebar. - Fix tablets & phones viewport issue when responsive switched off. - Added top search form ON/OFF. - New WP3.5 Media Uploader. - Theme Options, Backup Settings & Sidebar Manager are now just in one page. - Framework improved, fix minor bugs and UI changes. ===| v1.0.0 |=== - Initial Release


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Harvard head coach Ray Leone owns an overall career mark of 250-135-39 (Harvard Athletic Communications).
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – Elizabeth Weisman tallied the game-winning goal at 91:23 of the first overtime, lifting Harvard women's soccer to a 1-0 win over Brown in a non-conference game Wednesday evening at the Soldiers Field Soccer Stadium.
With the golden goal, Harvard head coach Ray Leone, who is in his sixth season at the helm of the Crimson, picked up his 250th career victory. Leone has guided the Crimson to a 58-31-12 (.627) overall record during his tenure at Harvard, leading the Crimson to three Ivy League titles and three NCAA tournament appearances.
In the extra session, Harvard earned a corner kick early in the 92nd minute. Lauren Urke sent the ball into the corner and toward the Brown box. With a scrum in front, Brooke Dickesn headed a pass to Weisman, who chipped a shot into the right side of the goal, giving Harvard a sudden victory.
With the win, the Crimson improves to 8-4-3 overall on the year, while the Bears see their record fall to 7-7.
Bethany Kanten earned the victory in goal for Harvard, making five saves and picked up her fourth shutout. Amber Bledsoe played in net for Brown, also recording five stops. Brown led the final count in shots, 14-13, while the Crimson owned an advantage in corner kicks, 8-3.
In the first half, Harvard enjoyed the best scoring chance at 22:35 when a header shot by Marie Margolius rang off the crossbar. The Crimson outshot Brown, 6-5, in the opening frame, with neither team mustering a goal.
Brown owned a 9-6 edge in shots in the second half, including a 4-2 advantage in chances on target. Entering overtime, each goalkeeper had five saves apiece, while the Crimson had seven of the 10 corner kicks. Brown led in shots, 14-12, overall.
The Crimson will play its final road game of the regular season Sunday when Harvard visits Dartmouth Sunday at 1 p.m.


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4:00 pm
Wild Kratts "Seasquatch" The Kratt brothers' sub loses power while they are exploring the strange landscape of the ocean depths and they are trapped on the ocean floor of the deep sea. Aviva must figure out how to harness the energy from the deep sea's hydrothermal vents in order to save the brothers and return them to the surface. The Wild Kratts team learns all about the amazing process of chemosynthesis and how deep sea creatures transform toxic chemicals into energy. D
4:30 pm
Cyberchase "Past Perfect Prediction" Convinced that the last piece he needs to activate his powerful new machine is hidden in Slider's garage, Hacker threatens to evict the teen unless he pays up on an old debt. Enter the kids and Digit. As a way to raise the money, they convince Slider to open the garage for business - just like his dad did. D
5:00 pm
Fetch! With Ruff Ruffman "Feeling Sheepish Ruff?" Ruff sends two FETCHers to learn to herd sheep, and two more to Utah where they learn about bighorn sheep and their habitat. D
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NewsHour Promo NULL
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PBS NewsHour NULL
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PBS Newshour Debates: A Special Report "2012 - Presidential Debate" Bob Shieffer, chief Washington correspondent, CBS News, and moderator, "Face the Nation," moderates the debate at Lynn University, Boca Raton, Florida. The debate focuses on foreign policy and is divided into six segments of approximately 15 minutes each on topics to be selected by the moderator and announced before the debate.G
9:00 pm
Globe Trekker "Spanish Islands" Alex Riley explores the Balearics and the Canary Islands.G
10:00 pm
My Vietnam Your Iraq The film tells stories from eight Vietnam War veterans who have children that have served in Iraq, including an Idaho man whose son was killed in action while serving in Iraq. The program showcases the pride, fear and myriad of emotions and challenges that parents and their children face during deployment.G
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Charlie Rose NULL


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I would like to hire a Computer Graphics Designer
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Hello, i am proficient and experienced in graphic design for web and print, all type photo manipulation, photo editing and retouching, game art and design ,app and gui design for mobile devices and tablets. please see More


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Since our Tualatin, OR store has just moved to a new location, with our updated layout and design, we thought that it was the perfect time to introduce you to Willy, the Tualatin store manager. Willy has been working in the bike business for quite a while now, but he can give you a few good tips on motocross too. Be sure to say hello if you stop by the Grand Opening celebration at the Tualatin store this weekend, Friday 8/20 through Sunday 8/22.
Tualatin, OR
Willy Thayer
Store Location:
7071 SW Nyberg Street
Nyberg Woods Shopping Center
Tualatin, OR 97062
When did you start with Performance?
I have worked for Performance for 17 years.
How did you get started in cycling?
I actually used bicycling as a training tool for motocross.
How long have you been cycling?
I've been riding for 20 years.
What's your favorite type of riding?
Definitely mountain biking.
Any racing experience?
I have raced mountain bikes off and on for the last 15 years.
Favorite places to ride?
The trails of Oakridge, Oregon are pretty amazing.
What's your favorite aspect of working in a bicycle store?
I love helping people discover the joys of cycling.
Dream place to ride?
The Pyrenees.
Any cycling goals? Something you are working toward?
I want to compete in an Xterra Triathon this year.
Any hobbies outside of cycling?
I also enjoy running, swimming and motocross.
Any club affiliation?
None right now.


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By a 2-1 vote on November 14, Commissioners changed the districts of two precincts, Cedar Point and Ucolo. The two precincts have been in the northern and western commission district currently represented by Bruce Adams. They were moved to the central commission district currently represented by Phil Lyman.
There were no changes made to the southern commission district currently represented by Kenneth Maryboy.
County Clerk Norman Johnson recommended the change after he and County Auditor John Fellmeth analyzed data from the 2010 Census.
The Census showed the most significant population growth in recent years is in Adam's district, which has included 36.4 percent of county residents. Lyman's district contained just 30.9 percent of residents.
The population of the La Sal and Spanish Valley precincts grew from 332 residents in the 1990 Census to 1,166 residents in the 2010 Census.
Johnson said that the goal is to make the districts as equal as possible. The adjustment brings each district to within one percent of the ideal of three districts representing 33.3 percent of the population.
The challenge is that in addition to the growth in northern San Juan County, the racial distribution of San Juan County residents is also changing over time. The 2010 Census shows that the majority of county residents are Native American.
A large group of residents would like to see the commission districts shuffled to increase the likelihood of more Native American representation on the county commission.
Commissioner Maryboy made a motion to use "Census Blocks" to determine voting precincts, rather than the precinct boundaries which have not changed for nearly 30 years. The motion died for lack of a second.
Later in the meeting, Commissioner Adams motioned to adjust the boundaries. The motion was seconded by Lyman and passed by a 2-1 vote.
Leonard Gorman, of the Navajo Nation Human Rights Commission, said that the county has an obligation to redistrict every ten years and added, "Redistricting means you redraw the lines."
Gorman recommended the Commission begin by using the Census Blocks, rather than the existing precinct boundaries. The Census Blocks divide the county into a large number of smaller areas.
Gorman had approached the Commission in September with a proposal, using Census Blocks, to redraw the Commission districts.
It would create two districts, each with a Native American population of approximately 60 percent. The third district would be primarily Anglo.
The proposal would essentially split Blanding into three separate commission districts.
Gorman asked that the county begin an open, public process to address the redistricting issue. "Every ten years, you should revisit districting lines," said Gorman. "A process needs to unfold, and we need to follow that process to arrive at a final destination."
Members of the Utah Navajo Commission, consisting of officials from each Navajo Nation Chapter in San Juan County, said that they unanimously support Gorman's proposal.
"All we are trying to do is to get maximum opportunity out of the Voting Rights Act," said Clarence Rockwell. He added, "We support the Human Rights Office of the Navajo Nation."
The Utah Navajo Commission, while stating they do not want to consider another option, called for an open process, including public hearings.
Commissioner Lyman said the law outlines a process of redistricting that maintains "communities of interest". He said the process should not be "broad redistricting, but narrowly tayloring the existing districts."
Lyman added that the law says race can be considered, but shouldn't be the predominant factor.
He asked several Chapter officials if they felt that race should be the predominant factor in redistricting.
The answer was, "That's what it comes to."
A complicating factor is that the voting districts were set up in the 1980s in a Consent Decree under the oversight of Federal Judge David Winder. In 1984, more than 64 percent of county voters approved the three districts. The ballot question outlined the areas in each voting district.
As the issue has developed over the past two months, Commissioners Adams and Lyman have stated that the court order and voter preference remains in place unless the courts state that they should change.
"First and foremost, I have a legal obligation to the court," said Adams.
Adams said he would be glad to forward Gorman's proposal, in addition to the action taken by the Commission, to the federal court.
Both the Commissioners and Gorman said that as the process develops, the Commission will continue to address the issue.


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City of Grand Island, NEHome Menu
City Calendar
Stories, Music, and Movement
- Date: February 07, 2018 2:30 pm - 3:15 pm
- Location: Grand Island Public Library
211 N. Washington St.
Grand Island, Nebraska 68801
Return to full list >>
This storytime is for children of all ages and takes place every Wednesday afternoon from 2:30-3:15 PM. BookBop is a storytime that focuses on music and movement. The library models the "Every Child Ready to Read" initiative of the American Library Association.
Preschools and daycares that are bringing 6 or more children, please call ahead so we make sure we can accommodate your group. For more information, call the library at (308) 385-5333.
BookBop will take place in the Children's Area from December through March.


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"Golden" a Giclee Print - 13x19"
$ 18.00
$ 25.00
This is a beautiful, velvety matte giclee print of my original painting entitled, "Golden." All of my prints are signed and titled on the front.
These prints are 13 x 19" on high quality matte photo paper, printed with archival Epson inks in my home studio.
The original painting has been sold.
"I seek out the beauty in every woman and use that vision to create unique mixed media paintings. The finished pieces are a Utopian vision of inner beauty manifested; they serve as a reminder to the viewer that one should take care of oneself, find moments of peace, kindness, and self-love. I paint directly on wood, so the wood grains help to inform the finished piece."
IMPORTANT NOTE: When you purchase a work of art from my shop, you are buying the piece itself, not the copyright or any rights to reproduction. Reproduction rights must be purchased from me in writing.


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Offer valid only on the following items Sold by Sears: 12' trampoline (item 05242890000P) and Jump 'N' Jam basketball hoop (item 05248482000P). Excludes Clearance, Great Price, Hot Buy and Smart Buy items.
When your kids are old enough to start exploring outside on their own, they'll be thrilled to try out new ride-on toys. Like trampolines, these exciting toys are a great way to provide active, outdoor fun. From classic wood and metal wagons to realistic, battery-powered vehicles, Sears has riding toys that will amaze both boys and girls.
After your kids graduate from playing on their rocking horses, they'll enjoy zooming around on big wheel tricycles. These low-riding pedal vehicles feature a large front wheel for extra stability and control. Once they've mastered riding tricycles, take the speed up a notch with kids' bikes. Personalize them to suit your children's tastes with bike accessories like baskets and bells. Before using bikes or any other type of ride-on toy, be sure to outfit your little ones in the proper safety gear and accessories.
If your kids love playing in the sandbox, they'll have a blast scooping up sand using a pedal tractor or loader featuring a functional dump bucket. You can also find miniature versions of classic cars and trucks that will make kids feel all grown up. Amaze your little boy with a rugged pedal vehicle, such as a ride-on ATV, go-kart or motorcycle. Your little lady will love cruising around in a motorized Shimmer and Shine Jeep, featuring a built-in toy radio, working doors and bright headlights. Keep kids entertained outdoors with new ride-on toys from Sears.


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Prothena Corporation plc (PRTA) Drops 6.1% on February 18Equities Staff Follow |
Prothena Corporation plc (PRTA) was one of the Russell 2000's biggest losers for Thursday February 18 as the stock slid 6.1% to $32.16, a loss of $-2.09 per share. Starting at an opening price of $34.22 a share, the stock traded between $30.82 and $34.83 over the course of the trading day. Volume was 712,397 shares over 6,405 trades, against an average daily volume of 473,659 shares and a total float of 31.52 million.
The losses send Prothena Corporation plc down to a market cap of $1.01 billion. In the last year, Prothena Corporation plc has traded between $76.42 and $23.62, and its 50-day SMA is currently $51.93 and 200-day SMA is $52.82.
Prothena Corp PLC is a biotechnology company. It discovers and develops novel antibodies for the potential treatment of a broad range of diseases that involve protein misfolding or cell adhesion.
Prothena Corporation plc is based out of Dublin, and has some 46 employees. Its CEO is Dale Schenk.
For a complete fundamental analysis analysis of Prothena Corporation plc, check out Equities.com's Stock Valuation Analysis report for PRTA. To see the latest independent stock recommendations from Equities.com's analysts, visit our Research section.
The Russell 2000 is one of the leading indices tracking small-cap companies in the United States. It's maintained by Russell Investments, an industry leader in creating and maintaining indices, and consists of the smallest 2000 stocks from the broader Russell 3000 index.
Russell's indices differ from traditional indices like the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) or S&P 500, whose members are selected by committee, because they base membership entirely on an objective, rules based methodology. The 3,000 largest companies by market cap make up the Russell 3000, with the 2,000 smaller companies making up the Russell 2000. It's a simple approach that gives a broad, unbiased look at the small-cap market as a whole.
For more news on the financial markets, go to Equities.com. Also, learn more about our independent proprietary equity research reports and our robust do-it-yourself Stock Valuation Analysis reports in our Research section.
All data provided by QuoteMedia and was accurate as of 4:30PM ET.
DISCLOSURE: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors, and do not represent the views of equities.com. Readers should not consider statements made by the author as formal recommendations and should consult their financial advisor before making any investment decisions. To read our full disclosure, please go to: http://www.equities.com/disclaimer


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10:00 am
Asian Voices NULL
10:30 am
Asia Biz Forecast NULL
11:00 am
America ReFramed "Drivers Wanted" Drivers Wanted reveals the impossibly eclectic community inhabiting a taxi garage in Queens, New York. Each day, a million New Yorkers depend on the anonymous faces behind the wheels, the men who tirelessly drive the city that doesn't sleep. The film follows Eric, a new immigrant from China with a fresh start in America. D
12:00 pm
Carhenge: Genius Or Junk? Outside Alliance, Nebraska, a whimsical monument rises from the desolate prairie. Fashioned from 38 spray-painted vintage automobiles stacked and buried upright, the structure known as Carhenge faithfully replicates its British counterpart, Stonehenge. CARHENGE: GENIUS OR JUNK? examines how this quirky monument challenged one community's definition of art, freedom of expression and appropriate land use. D
12:30 pm
Indian Motorcycle Memories Vintage photos and film footage evoke the daredevil days of the 1920s and explore the mystique of these classic American racing bikes. The program traces the history of the rise and post-World War II fall of the company. Interviews with Indian riders bring personal insight to past and present, including today's mix of old and new fans, all of whom keep the memories alive and the old engines revving.G
1:00 pm
The Black Kungfu Experience THE BLACK KUNGFU EXPERIENCE introduces kungfu's African-American pioneers, men who challenged convention and overturned preconceived notions while mastering the ancient art. The four martial artists profiled include Ron Van Clief, an ex-Marine and Vietnam veteran who starred in more than 40 kungfu films and earned the nickname "Black Dragon" from Bruce Lee. Their compelling stories illustrate how kungfu began as - and remains - a unique crucible of the black experience. D
2:00 pm
Charlie Rose NULL
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3:30 pm
Journal NULL
4:00 pm
Triangle Fire: American Experience Fire breaks out in the Triangle Shirtwaist factory in New York's Greenwich Village on March 25, 1911. The blaze rips through the congested loft filled with huge piles of trimmings. Workers try to escape but factory owners keep the doors locked; the inadequate fire escape crumples; and 146 people die. Public outrage forces government action on workplace safety laws.G
5:00 pm
Frontline "Two American Families" Since 1992, Bill Moyers and FRONTLINE have been following the story of two ordinary, hard-working families in Milwaukee - one black, one white - as they spent two decades in an extraordinary battle to keep from sliding into poverty. Two American Families chronicles the struggles of the Neumanns and the Stanleys as they try to hold onto their homes, their jobs, their health insurance, and a future for their children. A remarkable portrait of perseverance, the film raises unsettling questions about the changing nature of the U.S. D
6:30 pm
Crisis of Faith Narrated by Grammy-winning singer-songwriter Amy Grant, this program examines how slavery and biblical interpretations on its morality divided religious denominations and ultimately, the nation, in the Civil War era. Prominent religious scholars and historians discuss the evolution of arguments over slavery - from the rhetoric of freedom and equality stoked by the American Revolution; to the divisions of the Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian churches into northern and southern factions; to the dividing of the nation and the eruption of Civil War.G
7:00 pm
PBS NewsHour NULL
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Nightly Business Report Tonight on Nightly Business Report, mixed signals on the housing market. Ivy Zelman, the analyst who called housing's top and bottom, makes sense of the conflicting numbers. And, the third part of our health series looks at whether the taxpayer could be on the hook if the federally-funded insurance co-ops don't work out as planned. D
8:30 pm
Journal NULL
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Charlie Rose NULL
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Globe Trekker "Globe Trekker Special: World War II in the Pacific" The Trekkers explore the epic events of World War II by visiting key locations in the Pacific, a region where great battles were fought and military history was made.G
11:00 pm
Damrell's Fire Although 65 acres of downtown Boston is reduced to rubble by fire in 1872, Fire Chief John S. Damrell keeps loss of life to a minimum and saves densely populated neighborhoods. His leadership and vision lead to a national crusade to improve firefighting organizations, and initiate building codes and political coalitions to stop the urban conflagrations of the late 1800s.G


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The chief financial officer of a Missouri firm discovered that cyber thieves had withdrawn $180,000 from the company's bank accounts overnight described it as "a helluva wake-up call" to security blogger Brian Krebs.
But that loss might have been avoided if the company, Primary Systems, had paid better attention to the risks of electronic banking. The warnings, and examples, of cyberheists in the hundreds of thousands -- and even millions of dollars -- have been around for years.
Krebs reported this week that the company became a victim of "a single virus-laden email that an employee clicked on [that] let the attackers open a digital backdoor, exposing security weaknesses that unfortunately persist between many banks and their corporate customers."
In this case, a payroll batch worth about $180,000 was drawn from Primary Systems' bank accounts, paid to "money mules" and eventually sent to recipients in Ukraine.
The transactions were irregular -- highly irregular. They took place on a Tuesday, while the company had always processed its payroll on Friday mornings. They called for payments of between $5,000 and $9,000 to 26 people in almost that many different states who had never had any prior connection to the firm and who were added to the Primary Systems payroll that day.
But, even though it was six times the normal payroll, the total came in below the $200,000 threshold that would have triggered a call from the bank to get permission for the payouts.
None of this is new to electronic banking. One of the more prominent cases dates to May 2009 in Sanford, Maine, where Patco Construction, a small property development and contractor discovered that its banker, Ocean Bank (later acquired by People's United Bank), had authorized six fraudulent withdrawals totaling $588,851, even after the bank's security system had flagged each transaction as high-risk. The bank was able to block or recover $243,406 of that total.
That incident led to a lawsuit against the bank that is reportedly headed for a negotiated settlement at the prodding of a federal Appeals Court judge. But it illustrated the same risks as the theft from Primary Systems -- ones that all businesses conducting electronic banking should be aware of.
First, a business is not protected at the same level as an individual. Different laws govern each. A bank has to reimburse an individual customer for losses due to fraudulent transactions, as long as the fraud is reported promptly. For commercial customers, a bank must simply have a security system that is "commercially reasonable," and electronic transactions must be made in "good faith."
In virtually all cases, that means the customer is on the hook for losses. So it has more of a default obligation to provide its own security by monitoring its accounts.
Joram Borenstein, senior director of global product marketing at NICE Actimize, said there is anecdotal evidence that one response to this is some small companies are "misleading their own financial institution" by registering accounts as consumer accounts instead of ones designed for small businesses.
"While it's an outright lie to the bank, they are hoping that in a case of money being stolen, they will be protected from financial loss," he said.
[See related: Largest banks under constant cyberattack, feds say]
Borenstein doesn't recommend that approach, of course. He and other experts say commercial bank customers need to remember that conventional security measures like firewalls and antivirus software are not enough. Thieves simply have to spoof an employee to get inside the firewall.
Educating employees is not enough either, said George Tubin, senior security strategist for Trusteer. "It goes to show that the battle of educating users on what they should and shouldn't do is lost. People are going to keep opening things they shouldn't," he said.
Most banks now offer heightened security services. Enterprise Bank offered Positive Pay, which verifies the validity of checks. Primary Systems did not start using Positive Pay until after the theft.
Banks should also make sure they are in compliance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council's (FFIEC) mandatory guidelines. Among them are that a bank impose multi-factor authentication, that it use layered security and also that it develop a risk profile of each of its customers so its system will be able to tell more readily if transactions may be fraudulent.
Borenstein said commercial customers should "dedicate a work station or thumb drive or other 'locked-down' machine" for all bank transactions -- another measure Primary Systems took after the theft.
Tubin said he believes banks should be more forceful about telling commercial customers about their liability. While virtually all banks include that in account documents, "people just don't read all the documents, just like nobody reads every sentence of their mortgage."
"Most small businesses just don't get that they're vulnerable to this type of fraud," Tubin said. "But if they were told directly, then they might buy added security services the banks is offering."


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My adopted German ShepherdXAlaskan Husky is exhausting me!
Hello to all! I am new to Pets.ca. I have joined in hopes to find some advice on how I can start enjoying my dog.
Our story: I adopted Myra from the SPCA 2 1/2 years ago. Myra, is a dominant female with fear aggresion issues which I was warned about through the adoption process. I have not been able to break her of her random attack issues she has with some other dogs and decided not to socialize her to avoid injuries. In making that decision I am left to find ways of gettting her the excercise she needs to be a happy well adjusted dog.
Myra is walked two times a day for from 1/2- 1 hour. I also do ball fetching with her for 15-20 min. once or twice per day. Note* When I have time I take her for 2 hour hikes where she ran freely off leash. After these long hikes she rests for a bit and then in a short time she is ready for the next adventure.
Well, still waiting for the happy, relaxed and well adjusted dog I should have with all the excercise she is gettting not to mention all the petting, frequent beef soup bone treats & regular indoor fetch games I play with her. This energetic girl gets in from this excercise, rests for a little while and then begins her whining and groaning act. We have a 1/3 acre fenced in yard where I put her to get a break from her whining and groaning and all she does is bark for attention. I am exhausted from trying to figure out this energetic dog!
Last edited by hazelrunpack; February 15th, 2012 at 04:29 PM. Reason: Adjusted font size for readability
Welcome to the forum!! feel free to post some pics of Myra - we are addicted to pix
Not sure what to suggest for you but if Myra likes food you may try something that puts out treats at a low rate. I have one of these for my cat but it works with dogs too.
Good luck! http://www.pipolino.ca/eng/fordogs.html
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Hi Boots! Welcome to the board.
I think Marco has a great suggestion. Another product similar to the one he suggested and one that I find great for my dogs is http://www.omegapaw.com/products/tricky-treat-ball.html
I also think your dog may have some separation anxiety issues? I'm not really sure how to deal with it, but I'm sure some more experienced trainers will come along shortly!
"Happiness is a warm puppy."
Welcome to the board,
As a Animal Services Officer, I have to say that is it not the best interest for you or your dog, to let her off leash, if she is prone to being aggressive with other dogs. Even in remote areas when hiking. You are pretty much asking for trouble letting her off leash. You could be fined greatly, sued,and worse your dog could be put down. i dont mean to be rude, but please be responsible and leash your dog when out in public. I see and enforce dog attacks everyday. GS and Huskies need regular extensive excercise. Why not give the SPCA a call where you adopted her from and see if they can provide any help? Maybe they have a behaviourist that works there or can provide outside help?
I'm just curious are you experienced in dogs that have aggressive issue? I am a little shocked that a SPCA would adopt out a dog with agressive issues (as a liablity on their side) I mean i know some shelters that, if they have a adoptee who has extensive experience working with animals with behavioural issues, but its rare.
I hope you can find a solution. This dog deserves a second change and it breaks my heart in wondering why your dog has resorted to this behaviour, as I know it probably has to do with her previous contact with humans
Last edited by NoahGrey; February 19th, 2012 at 12:02 AM.
does she have any doggy friends at all that she gets along with?
it can be a long haul to desensitize her to other dogs, but maybe there is a trainer in your area who can help.
can you set up a small agility course in your yard for fun and exercise?
How about a 'flirt' pole for fun! google it and check them out.
Hugz to your hyper girl!
perhaps the pipolino!
though designed for cats, the pipolino toy seems a great idea!
I looked up the website myself and really think your dog should try it.
I have not much experience with dogs, but it seems like something that could bring ''hours of entertainment'' to a pet!
Helper to:
Cookie July 1st 1999 f/ RIP July 31st 2008 -cat
Tonali June 3rd 2007 f -cat
Elphin April 21st 2008 m -cat
Stibule(Gino,Airell,Katla,Rasta)June 6th 2009 f- cat
Gino Ferrero April 8th 2010 m -cat
Airell Awenn Awnfenn Ep Berrth April 8th 2010 f- cat
Katla Chilam Balam April 8th 2010 f- cat
Rasta Farian Marley April 9th 2010 m- cat
Chipcat-Filou found June 12th 2011 (Ocicat 6months old) f-cat
Jane the Snow Cat rescued Dec27th 2012 f- cat
Oh ho! I just ran a search for "flirt pole" on youtube and that is fantastic! And so easy to make! What a great idea!
Well, I would recommend that you hire someone to come in during the day and help exercise your dog. Maybe you could hire a high school student (someone with dog experience) or someone else to come in after school and play with the dog for, say, 30-45 minutes a day? (Keeping her there in your yard if she can't be trusted on leash with another walker.) If you belong to a church or other such organization, they might know of some adult suffering from a job loss or otherwise who might welcome the opportunity.
While it gets expensive, this might be a better option than having to spend half your day just keeping the dog active/amused.
If there is another family with an active dog nearby, perhaps you could get the dogs together for a romp session and split the bill. I know you said she isn't good with other dogs, but perhaps if she got adjusted to that ONE other dog, you could exercise them together and then split the costs with the other family.
Can she run after a bicycle (or be trained to do so)? That might also help to exhaust her a bit more, rather than just going for a typical walk.
You may benefit from having a dog walker. Not only will the extra excercise give you a bit of a break, but an experienced friend in the pet industry can be invaluable for advice! Plus the dominance issue can be aided by having a clear pack leader during the walks (you could shadow some walks to learn how to "properly" walk a dog to keep your dog focused and "working" and also get advice on dealing with the agression and socialization issues resulting from the dominance).
A dog walker would also be able to help you teach your dog either to run with a bike OR on a treadmill which are great ways to get some of their extra energy out.
You would be surprised at the very subtle things that dogs to to test whether or not they are the dominant "dog" that most people dont even pick up on!
I agree that offleash time outside of a fenced yard for an aggressive or disobediant dog is dangerous for not only your dog but other dogs as well as people and children in the area.
It would greatly benefit your dog to have clear boundaries and rules aswell to keep her from being confused, anxious or whiney, and to let her relax and enjoy herself.
Last edited by hazelrunpack; April 10th, 2012 at 11:34 PM. Reason: No self-promotion, pls
Boots first of all, the exercise routine you describe sounds adequate for a low to medium energy dog. If she is in fact a high energy dog, what you are doing for her is a drop in a bucket of what she actually needs. It is a shame this dog was adopted out to you if you are not experienced or prepared to deal with her needs. I have high energy dogs, they can run off leash for 5 hours and do it again the next day without skipping a beat. On leash walks do not tire out high energy dogs unfortunately, you could be walking her all day on leash and not notice much difference. They do need to run off leash, which is complicated by her aggression issues. I do not condone letting any dog with any aggression issues run off leash unless you have absolute perfect control and robot like recall, which it certainly does not sound like the case here.
Some things you can consider:
-buy a treadmill for her to supplement her exercise needs
-enroll in agility classes for special needs dogs (some places offer special classes for dogs with aggression issues)
-find a fenced off and secure area where you can run her, a large back yard, a tennis court if it is not in use, industrial land, a dog park during ridiculous off hours in the middle of the night when there will be no one there, get creative...
Don't feel like your dog has to have dog friends! Many dogs don't socialize well with other dogs and trying to force them into it will never improve the quality of their lives and can put other dog's safety at risk. Not all dogs want to socialize with other dogs, accept it people!! Love them for who they are not who you want them to be. Your dog can gain far more satisfaction from having a wonderful fulfilling relationship with just you and other humans.
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Write an Android application
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add a database to a complete android project
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Saturday, October 15, 2011
Feedback Welcomed
Posted by Chuck Bennett at 6:26 AM
2 comments:
I have an interesting story about the Steubenville part of the family. If you will contact me:ReplyDelete
Christine Weaver
Hi Chuck! Hope this blog is still up and running. Just discovered it researching my family (Tristani). What is the best source of archives for Pettorano? Especially from about 1865-1920... Seems that all of the records I can find through familysearch.org stop around 1865...ReplyDelete
Thank you!
Mike Tristani San Diego Ca.
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Wednesday January 16, 2019; 03:12 pm EST
I made an observation from home today that I thought I'd share. I live in Deale, and looking toward Holland Point in Herring Bay, I saw a towboat near what appeared to be a long rectangular object that I thought was partially sunken or sinking. It looked like one of those freighter shipping containers. Through binoculars, I saw a few people on board. The object had antennas up and it looked like a bilge pump was working, for a small stream of water was coming out the side.
Then it appeared to move under its own power — not fast, but the towboat wasn't hooked up to it.
There were several buoys placed in a grid pattern. I at first thought maybe they were seeding oysters.
On the side of the container was written AEPLOG, Inc. Turns out to be a company based in Germantown.
Checking online, http://bit.ly/vhH398; or http://bit.ly/tCsq7q, I came across the video at the link below and a link to the AEPLOG website. Appears to be a prototype of what they call a sea truck that can be controlled remotely.
Editor's note: The voyage of Aeplog was reported by several readers with eyes on Herring Bay last week.
The innovative sea truck is based at Herrington Harbour North in Tracys Landing, where it is routinely lifted in and out of the water for sea trials like the one it apparently passed on December 9.


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Eugeniusz Rozenblum
Born: October 16, 1923
Lodz, Poland
Eugeniusz's parents married in 1922 in the Soviet Union, where his father owned a textile mill. Fearing arrest by the Soviets for being "bourgeois," Eugeniusz's parents fled to Poland, where Eugeniusz was born.
1933-39: I was a secondary school student and was preparing to enter university, either in Poland or at the Hebrew University in Palestine. The German occupation of Lodz in September 1939 interrupted my schooling. One month after the occupation, a German soldier came to our door and tried to steal some jewelry. My dog, a Great Dane named Rex, lunged but I restrained him. The soldier threatened to press charges but we convinced him not to. He shot Rex before my eyes.
1940-44: In 1940 the Jews of Lodz were forced into a ghetto. Both of my parents died there. By the age of 20 I was alone. In 1944 I was herded onto a cattle car along with others from the ghetto. After several days, we arrived at Auschwitz. Two weeks later I was sent to the Dachau camp, where I contracted blood poisoning. A doctor told me that he had to amputate my toes. Just before he began to operate, I jumped off the table and ran. I stepped on a large stone and, luckily, all the pus drained from my foot and I recovered.
After the war, Eugeniusz immigrated to the United States. He was the only survivor of the 70 people in his extended family.


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The $160,000 Turntable
April 20 is National Record Store Day — and the LP has been making a serious resurgence. So why not go all out and get the ultimate turntable? We'll compare a $160,000 unit with all those fairly good $100 models that are out there these days. Photo: Contiuum.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... I ... heat the turn table going out of style not so some folks are willing to drop a whopping hundred and sixty thousand bucks ... can this be if we only have one person I've expanded Thomas Charles Passy for MarketWatch ... hundred and sixty thousand dollars ... now is this a trend because it is true that he was having a backlash toward digital technologies to the purists are going back to the turntable will we do know is the turntables hot because records are up on U N Y record time well it's kind of both the hipster thing and I think Claudio files ... sorted said ... he ... can really does sound better and that means for the brigade and and and and you obviously have ... come to hipsters with retro technology soaring embracing ... three cheer cool factor ... often ... unit sales the company are now over four million to one up almost twenty percent ... in the last year ... twenty years ago there were three in two thousand ALP's rice all you need to shock emerging ... me uh hundred and sixty thousand dollar are tired of record player that somewhat but what what do you get with just imagine for three Q will you and I wanna spend that ... well when we get it's really basically this is from a company called continue which is out of Australia ... it's really all about ... the stability of the rigidity of it because ... if everything can basically stay in place ... Neil doesn't wobble so much on and it can really do what it's supposed to ... ALM so you know what you get deceased and that has some kind of floating ... beast to it so it is isolated from outside shocks ... you get a platter which is where the record says ... that weighs eighty pounds it's really heavy ... you get a space age going on there like books from ... like it's from another planet Pombo ... is designed to limit the vibrations would say what you really need you mention all those things are built in that play you also need a broom with the South propane ... is good enough to make its ... spending that much money get married while you want to enjoy what you're listening to ... what principally experts said to me was ... you can get a good table somewhere in the three hundred to fifteen hundred dollar range ... that will include the as shock absorbing is this turntable no ... body will do the job ... aam obviously if you are not even all you can ... you not that much expendable my short time they're basically saying three hundred fifteen hundred ... gets you a very decent turntable one piece of advise the SEC is ... be wary about models the ... USB ... and ask them a lot people one convert their hair records to digital files of the deities were what what what they're saying is these low-cost models that basically what you convert ... yes they do that they can be cheaper not read the turntables or so and so you're you're you're you know ... you can use them to listen to music to write not such a great idea so and up to go ice I remember records falling my parents house right now I know what if you do have the right machine you do have are ... I think this out the sounds better ... you know certainly difficult for people who were spending and sixty thousand Acer lately that they obviously the would be doing but it's amazing that so to make one put out the new technology comes back and ... at such a high price I read Faust as U S expanded thanks for being with us


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Computer Science
Gancho Ganchev, Chair
Westside Classroom Building 114, Westside campus
(203) 837-9349
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The Bachelor of Arts in Computer Science (CS) degree is designed to meet the needs of students interested in software development. It can accommodate students who plan to enter the profession directly from college or who plan to continue with graduate study. The program is continuously revised to keep it up to date. The department recommends that all computer science majors pursue a minor in some field.
Consistent with the university's mission of being an accessible, responsive, and creative intellectual resource for the people and institutions of Connecticut, the department's mission is to offer a broad and up-to-date curriculum that provides students with a comprehensive foundation that permits graduates to adapt to new technology and new ideas.
To accomplish this mission the Department of Computer Science emphasizes the following:
- Technical understanding of Computer Science: Graduates will have a mastery of Computer Science as described in the Body of Knowledge of the current ACM/IEEE Computing Curricula.
- Common themes and principles: Graduates will understand a number of recurring themes, such as abstraction, complexity, and evolutionary change, and a set of general principles, such as sharing a common resource, security, and concurrency, and will recognize that these themes and principles have broad application to the field of computer science and are not relevant only to the domains in which they were introduced.
- The interplay between theory and practice: Graduates will understand the interplay between theory and practice and how theory and practice influence each other.
- System-level perspective: Graduates will be able to think at multiple levels of detail and abstraction. They will be able to recognize the context in which a computer system may function, including its interactions with people and the physical world.
- Problem-solving skills: Graduates will be able to apply the knowledge they have gained to solve real problems. They will realize that there are multiple solutions to a given problem and that selecting among them is not a purely technical activity, as these solutions will have a real impact on people's lives. Graduates will be able to communicate their solution to others, including why and how a solution solves the problem and what assumptions were made.
- Project experience: Graduates will have been involved in at least one substantial software development project, requiring evaluation of potential solutions, work on a larger scale, integration of modules, and providing opportunities to develop their interpersonal communication skills.
- Commitment to life-long learning: Graduates will realize that the computing field advances at a rapid pace and that they must continue to learn and adapt their skills throughout their careers. To develop this ability, students will be exposed to multiple programming languages, tools, and technologies as well as the fundamental underlying principles throughout their course of study.
Degree Programs in Computer Science
Bachelor of Arts in Computer Science
Minor Programs
Computer Science
Digital Media
Web Development
Bachelor of Arts in Computer Science (B.A.)
Students must complete all general education requirements (see program sheet for details), the course and credits listed below and additional free electives to total a minimum of 122 semester hours, including foreign language and exercise science.
A GPA of 2.5 or better is required in the CS major and math courses for graduation.
Required Courses:
CS 170 Computer Science I: Language
CS 171 Computer Science II: Data Structures
CS 205 Data Modeling and Database Design
CS 215 Computer Architecture
CS 240 Computer Organization & Software
CS 315 Design and Analysis of Algorithms
CS 350 Object Oriented Software Engineering
or CS 305 Database Applications Engineering
or CS 360 Distributed Applications Engineering
CS 355 Programming Languages
CS 450 Operating Systems
MAT 120 Elementary Statistics
CS/MAT 165 Introductory Discrete Mathematics
MAT 181 Calculus I
CS/MAT 359 Introduction to Theory of Computation
Twelve semester hours of approved computer science electives
Course Restrictions
For a complete list of prerequisites, corequisites and other restrictions for all courses, please consult the Course Description section of this catalog.
The following is a per-semester sequence of courses. However, due to the diversity of student backgrounds, students must consult with their faculty adviser to select the program sequence which best fits their needs. Students with relatively little programming experience should take CS 140 or CS 143 in their freshman year.
Freshman Year
|Fall Semester
|Spring Semester
|CS 140 or CS 143
|MAT 133 or MAT 170
Sophomore Year
Junior Year
|CS 350 or CS305 or CS 360
|CS Elective
|CS Elective
|Lab science
|Lab science
Senior Year
|CS Elective
Learning Outcomes
At the completion of their degrees in Computer Science students will demonstrate:
- Mastery of Computer Science as described in the current ACM/IEEE Computing Curricula.
- The ability to identify and use recurring computer science themes and principles and determine their relevance in multiple contexts.
- Understanding of the interplay between theory and practice in computer science.
- The ability to think at a system-level.
- Strong problem-solving skills.
- The ability to communicate solutions and strategies to others.
Sixteen semester hours are required:
CS 170 Computer Science I
CS 171 Computer Science II
CS 215 Computer Architecture
CS 240 Computer Organization and Software
Sixteen to 18 semester hours are required:
CS 170 Computer Science I or CS 250 Advanced Topics in Programming with JAVA or CS 144 Advanced Visual Basic
ART 108 Design I
ART 111 Drawing I
CS 235 Digital Media
CS 330 Computer Graphics
CS 340 Computer Animation or ART 152 Photography I or ART 327 Digital Design or ART 328 Illustration III/Animation Production
Fifteen to 16 semester hours are required:
CS 170 Computer Science I or CS 250 Advanced Topics in Programming with JAVA or CS 144 Advanced Visual Basic
CS 205 Database Modeling and Database Design
CS 215 Computer Architecture
CS 270 Computers in Society
Fourteen to 15 semester hours are required:
CS 166 Intro to Unix
CS 170 Computer Science I or CS 250 Advanced Topics in Programming with JAVA or CS 144 Advanced Visual Basic
CS 240 Computer Organization and Software
MIS/JLA 341 Information Systems Security
Fifteen to 16 semester hours are required:
CS 110 Website Production
CS 170 Computer Science I or CS 250 Advanced Topics in Programming with Java or CS 144 Advanced Visual Basic
CS 205 Database Modeling and Database Design
CS 245 Web Applications Development


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"He was an awful sight as I ever saw."
Here are some more reports of gun accidents from the Revolutionary War. I found these through the advanced research method of searching Google Books for the words "accidental," "shot," and "Revolutionary." I'm sure there are more incidents to be found.
From the diary of Capt. Thomas Rodney, spending 4 Jan 1777 in Pluckemin, New Jersey:
Here Sergeant McKnatt was accidentally shot through the arm by one of our own people, who fired off his musket to light a fire and as there was not one surgeon in the whole army I was forced to dress it myself and the next day got one of the prisoners to do it.Asa Fitch wrote home to his father from Ticonderoga on 23 June 1777:
There was one man shot himself accidentally as he stood talking with his brother, and had the gun before him leaning his chin on it, she accidentally went off, and the ball, together with the whole charge of powder went into his head and tore it all to bits. He was an awful sight as I ever saw.Here's the 23 Aug 1779 entry from the journals of Lt. Col. Henry Dearborn:
a Soldier very accidentally discharg'd a musket charged with a ball & several buckshot, 3 of which unfortunately struck Capt. Kimbal of Colo. Cilleys Regt. Who was standing at some distance in a tent with several other officers, in such a manner that he expired within 10 or 15 minutes. . . . one of the shot wounded a soldier in the leg who was setting at some distance from the tent Capt. Kimball was in.Away from the front, there's the 9 Jan 1779 incident involving Benjamin Andrews, Benjamin Hichborn, and a pair of pistols, told back here.
Out on the early American frontier, more men used guns for their subsistence, but that didn't mean they avoided firearms accidents. One of the earliest memories of Davy Crockett (1786-1836) was the aftermath of his uncle Joseph Hawkins shooting a neighbor while hunting. George Hunter wounded himself in the hand and face during an expedition for President Thomas Jefferson on 22 Nov 1804. Meriwether Lewis was shot while hunting during a similar expedition on 11 Aug 1806, as narrated here. Three years later, of course, Lewis apparently shot himself to death.


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Using XML and JSON with Android, Part 1
Explore the benefits of JSON and XML in Android applications
Consider both XML and JSON data-interchanges formats for use on the Android platform
Content series:
This content is part # of # in the series: Using XML and JSON with Android, Part 1
This content is part of the series:Using XML and JSON with Android, Part 1
Stay tuned for additional content in this series.
Mobile devices and platforms boast more features and functionality with each new release, and often mere months separate significant announcements from the leading mobile vendors. The headlines are mostly about UI features (such as advanced multitouch capabilities and Adobe® Flash® technology) and hardware enhancements (such as processor speed and storage capacity). But the crucial fact remains that content is king. Content—or, more generally, data—is exchanged constantly among applications, servers, mobile devices, and users. Without being able to work with it, smartphones such as Apple's iPhone and Google's Android simply become overpriced and underperforming cell phones.
Consider the phenomenal success of social-networking platforms such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter. From a pure feature-and-function perspective, these platforms are largely pedestrian. They are popular because members and site visitors derive value from the content published there. And that content is accessed increasingly by mobile devices.
This article demonstrates the use of XML and JSON data-interchange formats on the Android platform. The source of the data for the example application is a status-update feed for a Twitter account. The feed data is available from Twitter in both XML and JSON formats. As you'll see, the programming approach to manipulating the data varies significantly between the two formats.
I suggest you have the Android SDK version 1.5 or later installed along with Eclipse to run the example code that accompanies this article. To learn more about setting up your environment, visit the Android Developers website. It is also helpful, but not required, to have an active Twitter account to follow along with the example. See Related topics for relevant links.
I'll begin with a brief look at both data formats, starting with XML. If you're already familiar with XML and JSON, you can safely skip to Application opportunity: Twitter feeds to start working with them on Android.
XML: An old friend
Virtually anyone who has done programming for the enterprise, web, or mobile markets in recent years has encountered XML. It is just about everywhere you look.
An XML document has a recognizable structure: a series of elements that can optionally contain attributes and child elements. Every valid XML document begins with a declaration on the first line:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>. What comes after the first line is application-dependent. The beauty of XML is that it is self-describing.
XML schemas
Although XML documents are self-describing, they must follow certain rules and guidelines. This is where the XML schema comes in. It is a document that describes the structure of a particular XML file. Such structures are often verbose and complex. (Arguably, XML's worst contribution to the IT field is the data explosion that took place once the idea of highly descriptive data structures came into fashion, fueled in part by the greatly reduced cost of disk-storage technology in the past decade.)
As these large and complex files became more the norm, the art of working on them manually was often a nonstarter for programmers and analysts. To address this issue, XML editors and validating tools became available to aid in the management of the files and the tasks relating to them, such as documentation and conversion to legacy formats.
In addition to general text data, XML can also be used to store binary data through a special set of tags known as
CDATA tags within an XML document can contain any kind of data, including other mark-up text, provided that text does not contain
CDATA itself.
It's not uncommon for APIs to leverage this capability by using XML as a structure for performing request/response queries. Often the response data contains an XML structure contained within a
CDATA tag. For example, an API call might request a customer record with a last name equaling
Mott. When the data is found, it is packaged into an XML structure and placed within the response element, as in Listing 1:
Listing 1. Packaging data into an XML structure and placing it within the response element
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <request> <query> <lastname>Mott</lastname> <maxhits>100</maxhits> </query> </request> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <response> <returncode>200</returncode> <query> <lastname>Mott</lastname> <hits>1</hits> </query> <data> <![CDATA[ <contact> <firstname>Troy</firstname> <lastname>Mott</lastname> <age>not telling</age> </contact> ]]> </data> </response>
XML in the workplace
Today XML is the default, expected data format. Although the same data might be available in other formats too, it is a safe bet to plan on the availability of an XML structure.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) packages use XML heavily for data import and export tasks. Internet news sites often make data available as Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feeds—XML documents with a predefined format that news readers are set up to process. Even word-processing applications such as OpenOffice.org and Microsoft® Office use XML.
Today's Microsoft Office documents are PKZIP-compatible files containing multiple XML documents. Each XML file shares the common declaration in the first line. As you can see in Listing 2, the attributes can be somewhat hard to follow:
Listing 2. Common declaration in the first line of each XML file
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <w:document xmlns:ve="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships" xmlns:m="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/math" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:wne="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2006/wordml"> <w:body><w:p w:rsidR="00B6337C" w:rsidRDefault="00663F0E"><w:r> <w:t xml:space="preserve">This is a sample </w:t></w:r><w:r w:rsidRPr="006906EA"><w:rPr><w:i/></w:rPr><w:t>Microsoft Word document</w:t></w:r><w:r><w:t xml:space="preserve"> used to </w:t></w:r><w:r w:rsidRPr="006906EA"><w:rPr><w:b/> <w:u w:val="single"/></w:rPr><w:t>demonstrate</w:t></w:r> <w:r><w:t xml:space="preserve"> some XML topics.</w:t></w:r> </w:p><w:p w:rsidR="00B14B2A" w:rsidRDefault="00B14B2A"/><w:p w:rsidR="00B14B2A"w:rsidRDefault="00B14B2A"><w:r><w:rPr> <w:noProof/></w:rPr><w:drawing><wp:inline distT="0" distB="0" distL="0" distR="0"><wp:extent cx="3276600" cy="3838575"/><wp:effectExtent l="19050" t="0" r="0" b="0"/><wp:docPr id="1" name="Picture 0" descr="frankableson.jpg"/><wp:cNvGraphicFramePr></wp:cNvGraphicFramePr><pic:pic xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture"> <pic:nvPicPr><pic:cNvPrid="0"name="frankableson.jpg"/><pic:cNvPicPr/> </pic:nvPicPr><pic:blipFill> </pic:blipFill><pic:spPr> </pic:spPr></pic:pic> </wp:inline></w:drawing> </w:r></w:p><w:p w:rsidR="00663F0E" w:rsidRDefault="00663F0E"/> <w:p w:rsidR="00CC16CE" w:rsidRDefault="00CC16CE"/><w:sectPr w:rsidR="00CC16CE" w:rsidSect="00B6337C"><w:pgSz w:w="12240" w:h="15840"/> <w:pgMar w:top="1440" w:right="1440" w:bottom="1440" w:left="1440" w:header="720" w:footer="720" w:gutter="0"/><w:cols w:space="720"/><w:docGrid w:linePitch="360"/></w:sectPr></w:body></w:document>
XML is self-describing, but that doesn't mean that the tags are necessarily easy to decipher. This cryptic example also demonstrates the use of multiple XML namespaces, which can make XML documents even more challenging to follow without specialized tools.
XML is everywhere, but it can often be a poor choice for an Android programmer, particularly if the data structure has fallen victim to the data explosion often associated with XML structures. A resource-constrained platform such as Android, which is usually working on a cellular data network, cannot store and parse massive amounts of XML data. However, if a particular programming task requires the interchange of both text and binary data, XML can be a solid choice.
Now you'll look at an alternative data-interchange format: JSON.
JSON: New kid on the Net
When an Ajax application exchanges data with a web server, it is often requesting a refresh of some kind of data, but ideally without the formatting. It is generally considered poor practice for a web server to serve up preformatted HTML. Instead, a well-written application should send data content to the browser and apply a Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) file to provide visual effects such as colors and font particulars.
Suppose an application wants to request a contact record for our mythical Mr. Mott. The application has more than one data element to send back to the browser. So how does it get packaged? In the Listing 1 example, you might use a simple request/response structure in XML. This is perfectly adequate; however, it requires that you parse each response from the server, store the data in a structure of some sort (a DOM), and then update the web-page content.
Alternatively, you can simply get some JavaScript back from the server and work directly with it. Here is a sample response from a hypothetical application responding to a query (
http://<yourserver/app/searchcontact?Mott) for a man named Mott. The response is a string representation of a JavaScript object—that is, a JSON string (split into two lines here to fit this article's page width):
[{"firstname":"Troy","lastname":"Mott","age":"don't ask!"},{"firstname":"Apple seed", "lastname":"Mott's","age":"99"}]
Whereas XML is known for its verbosity, JSON has a reputation for being somewhat hard to read. JSON objects are constructed in a key:value pair format. The object's elements are separated by commas, and each object is contained within curly braces
{}. An array of objects is contained within square brackets. This is a common approach to transferring a series of rows from a database to an array of objects in which each array element corresponds to a database row, and each property of the object represents a column of data.
Listing 3 shows an example of using this kind of object within an HTML page. For simplicity, the server communications are not included; instead, the JSON data is provided as a string variable named
Listing 3. Using a JSON object within an HTML page
     <button onclick="updatepage();">Search for Mott</button>

Note that this example uses the JavaScript function named
eval() to turn a string into a JavaScript array. JSON libraries are available to provide faster and more secure methods of performing this step. The approach in Listing 3 is not a best practice. I provide it here to give some context to how a JSON object can be used in an Ajax application: The JSON structure is exchanged, parsed, and manipulated by the client code.
In summary, JSON is:
- A data-interchange format.
- A means to encode JavaScript objects as strings.
- Limited to text and numeric values. Binary values are explicitly not permitted. JSON has no
- More economical than XML in terms of data size, at the expense of readability.
- Increasingly available as an option from API providers such as Twitter.
In Listing 3 the client is a web browser running client-side scripting. Returning to this article's focus, next you'll examine the use of XML and JSON in an Android application.
Application opportunity: Twitter feeds
Twitter has become an international force, providing updates on everything from what people are having for breakfast and how their kid's sports team is faring at the ballpark, to serious topics such as street-level updates on political revolts in closed nations or a play-by-play of an organ transplant.
The easiest way to get to get the XML and JSON documents to use with the sample code accompanying this article is through the URL http://twitter.com/statuses/user_timeline/userid.format, where userid is your own Twitter user ID and format is either XML or JSON.
You can also find a link to this page directly on your Twitter page, as in Figure 1. You can see your Twitter user ID there.
Figure 1. Link to feeds page on your Twitter page
The complete feed files are very verbose, so the next two listings show only the first entry of the feed (from my own Twitter account). Listing 4 contains the XML snippet:
Listing 4. The XML snippet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <statuses type="array"> <status> <created_at>Thu Apr 29 05:25:29 +0000 2010</created_at> <id>13052369631</id> <text>Wrapping up new article on JSON for Android programmers...</text> <source> LinkedIn</source> <truncated>false</truncated> <in_reply_to_status_id/> <in_reply_to_user_id/> <favorited>false</favorited> <in_reply_to_screen_name/> <user> <id>15221439</id> <name>fableson</name> <screen_name>fableson</screen_name> <location>Byram Township, NJ</location> <description/> <profile_image_url>http://a3.twimg.com/profile_images/260492935 /bookcover_normal.jpg</profile_image_url> <url>http://msiservices.com</url> <protected>false</protected> <followers_count>52</followers_count> <profile_background_color>9ae4e8 <profile_text_color>000000</profile_text_color> <profile_link_color>0000ff</profile_link_color> <profile_sidebar_fill_color>e0ff92 </profile_sidebar_fill_color> <profile_sidebar_border_color>87bc44 </profile_sidebar_border_color> <friends_count>10</friends_count> <created_at>Tue Jun 24 17:04:11 +0000 2008</created_at> <favourites_count>0</favourites_count> <utc_offset>-18000</utc_offset> <time_zone>Eastern Time (US & Canada)</time_zone> <profile_background_image_url>http://s.twimg.com/a/1272044617/ images/themes/theme1/bg.png</profile_background_image_url> <profile_background_tile>false</profile_background_tile> <notifications>false</notifications> <geo_enabled>false</geo_enabled> <verified>false</verified> <following>false</following> <statuses_count>91</statuses_count> <lang>en</lang> <contributors_enabled>false</contributors_enabled> </user> <geo/> <coordinates/> <place/> <contributors/> </status> </statuses>
Listing 5 shows the same data, this time in JSON format:
Listing 5. Feed data in JSON format
[ {"in_reply_to_status_id":null, "favorited":false, "created_at":"Thu Apr 29 05:25:29 +0000 2010", "in_reply_to_screen_name":null, "geo":null, "source":"LinkedIn", "contributors":null, "place":null, "truncated":false, "coordinates":null, "user": { "friends_count":10, "description":"", "lang":"en", "statuses_count":91, "time_zone":"Eastern Time (US & Canada)", "profile_link_color":"0000ff", "favourites_count":0, "created_at":"Tue Jun 24 17:04:11 +0000 2008", "contributors_enabled":false, "profile_sidebar_fill_color":"e0ff92", "following":null, "geo_enabled":false, "profile_background_image_url":"http://s.twimg.com/a/1272044617/images/themes /theme1/bg.png", "profile_image_url":"http://a3.twimg.com/profile_images/260492935 /bookcover_normal.jpg", "notifications":null, "profile_sidebar_border_color":"87bc44", "url":"http://msiservices.com", "verified":false, "profile_background_tile":false, "screen_name":"fableson", "protected":false, "location":"Byram Township, NJ", "profile_background_color":"9ae4e8", "name":"fableson", "followers_count":52, "id":15221439, "utc_offset":-18000, "profile_text_color":"000000" }, "in_reply_to_user_id":null, "id":13052369631, "text":"Wrapping up new article on JSON for Android programmers..."} ]
Notice how much extra data is included in both listings beyond the mere status update. All you need to care about is the date/time when the post was made and the text from the post itself. Next I'll show you the pertinent portions of an Android application that parses this data. The full project is available for download.
The XMLvsJSON application
The Android application is simple. It contains full copies of the XML and JSON data feeds and gives the user the option of parsing either one. Figure 2 shows the structure of the project files within Eclipse. (View a text-only version of Figure 2.)
Figure 2. File structure of the Eclipse project
Figure 3 shows the application's UI prior to the selection of a parsing option:
Figure 3. The application's UI prior to selection of a parsing option
The application UI shows two buttons, Parse XML and Parse JSON file, followed by default text. Listing 6 contains the layout for this UI, found in the main.xml file in the res/layout folder of the project:
Listing 6. The layout for the UI
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center_horizontal"> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnXML" android:text="Parse XML"></Button> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnJSON" android:text="Parse JSON file"></Button> </LinearLayout> <ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/ScrollView01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="default text" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:id="@+id/txtData" /> </ScrollView> </LinearLayout>
The Parse XML and Parse JSON file buttons are defined above a
ScrollView, which in turn contains a
TextView control. The idea here is that you want the user to be able to scroll through the resulting data.
Note the use of multiple
LinearLayout structures. The first is a vertical alignment, and it contains both a
LinearLayout with a horizontal structure and a
ScrollView. The inner
LinearLayout contains the two
Button widgets. This layout is inflated and wired up in the
onCreate() method, in Listing 7:
Listing 7. The
onCreate() method
Button btnXML; Button btnJSON; TextView tvData; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); tvData = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtData); btnXML = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnXML); btnXML.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { examineXMLFile(); } }); btnJSON = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnJSON); btnJSON.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { examineJSONFile(); } }); }
examineXMLFile() method controls the XML parsing.
XML parsing
Parsing of XML data is often done with a SAX-style parser. With this style of parser, you set up an
InputSource pointing to the source XML data and provide a handler that receives certain events as the document is "walked." Listing 8 shows the
examineXMLFile() method, which takes care of the following tasks:
- Sets up the
InputSourcewith the XML file from the raw resources
- Creates a
SAXParser, associated with a handler named
twitterFeedHandler( in Listing 9)
- Invokes the parser and displays the results in a
TextViewwidget identified in the layout file as
R.id.txtDataand referenced in the code as
- Shows any errors, also in the
Listing 8. The
examineXMLFIle() method
void examineXMLFile() { try { InputSource is = new InputSource(getResources() .openRawResource(R.raw.xmltwitter)); // create the factory SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); // create a parser SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser(); // create the reader (scanner) XMLReader xmlreader = parser.getXMLReader(); // instantiate our handler twitterFeedHandler tfh = new twitterFeedHandler(); // assign our handler xmlreader.setContentHandler(tfh); // perform the synchronous parse xmlreader.parse(is); // should be done... let's display our results tvData.setText(tfh.getResults()); } catch (Exception e) { tvData.setText(e.getMessage()); } }
examineXMLFile() sets things up, the real parsing
work from the perspective of the application takes place in the handler that's implemented in the twitterFeedHandler.java file. This class, which implements the
DefaultHandler interface, is in Listing 9:
Listing 9. The
twitterFeedHandler class
public class twitterFeedHandler extends DefaultHandler { StringBuilder sb = null; String ret = ""; boolean bStore = false; int howMany = 0; twitterFeedHandler() { } String getResults() { return "XML parsed data.\nThere are [" + howMany + "] status updates\n\n" + ret; } @Override public void startDocument() throws SAXException { // initialize "list" } @Override public void endDocument() throws SAXException { } @Override public void startElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String qName, Attributes atts) throws SAXException { try { if (localName.equals("status")) { this.sb = new StringBuilder(""); bStore = true; } if (localName.equals("user")) { bStore = false; } if (localName.equals("text")) { this.sb = new StringBuilder(""); } if (localName.equals("created_at")) { this.sb = new StringBuilder(""); } } catch (Exception ee) { Log.d("error in startElement", ee.getStackTrace().toString()); } } @Override public void endElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { if (bStore) { if (localName.equals("created_at")) { ret += "Date: " + sb.toString() + "\n"; sb = new StringBuilder(""); return; } if (localName.equals("user")) { bStore = true; } if (localName.equals("text")) { ret += "Post: " + sb.toString() + "\n\n"; sb = new StringBuilder(""); return; } } if (localName.equals("status")) { howMany++; bStore = false; } } @Override public void characters(char ch[], int start, int length) { if (bStore) { String theString = new String(ch, start, length); this.sb.append(theString); } } }
Listing 9 contains some noteworthy items. The first thing to consider is that the SAX parser is an event-based parser, which means that you build the actual document as it is parsed. Events are fired whenever the document starts, the document ends, a tag starts, a tag ends, and data is found. This implies that you must define a data structure to keep the data of interest and discard the rest.
Note the
StringBuilder and the appending of data, used because a particular data element can be processed across multiple reads on the
InputSource. Never assume that all of the data is provided in any given call to the
characters() method.
This application collects the data into a simply formatted string. An alternative example might include putting these entries into a collection class or database instead, particularly if a great deal of manipulation were to take place after the parse.
getResults() method is custom to this class. It's used to gather the assembled representation of this data and provide it to the application. It is not part of the
DefaultHandler's interface.
Figure 4 depicts the parsed XML data. (View a text-only version of Figure 4.)
Figure 4. The parsed XML data
Although parsing XML with the SAX parser is nontrivial in terms of building up, managing, and navigating the resulting structure, its main advantages are speed and the opportunity to reduce significantly the amount of RAM required both during and after the parsing step.
Now you'll take a look at Android's approach to parsing JSON data.
JSON parsing
Parsing JSON data in the application starts when the user selects the JSON button. This invokes the
examineJSONFile() method, in Listing 10. No additional handler class is required, because all parsing and document management take place within the Android-supplied libraries, and all JSON-related code is contained in this method.
Listing 10. Invoking the
examineJSONfile() method
void examineJSONFile() { try { String x = ""; InputStream is = this.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.jsontwitter); byte [] buffer = new byte[is.available()]; while (is.read(buffer) != -1); String jsontext = new String(buffer); JSONArray entries = new JSONArray(jsontext); x = "JSON parsed.\nThere are [" + entries.length() + "]\n\n"; int i; for (i=0;i<entries.length();i++) { JSONObject post = entries.getJSONObject(i); x += "------------\n"; x += "Date:" + post.getString("created_at") + "\n"; x += "Post:" + post.getString("text") + "\n\n"; } tvData.setText(x); } catch (Exception je) { tvData.setText("Error w/file: " + je.getMessage()); } }
Like the XML routine shown previously, this code reads in a file from the raw resources. The data is read into memory in its entirety, converted to a
java.lang.String, and then parsed into a
JSONArray. Note that a particular string can be parsed directly into an array, as in this example, or the string can be parsed into a
JSONObject. Because the Twitter data is an array of objects, it makes sense to parse the entire string into an array and then access the object individually by ordinal position.
This method's flow is straightforward; once the data is parsed, the code builds up a
string representation that's similar to the approach of the XML parser handler. Of interest here is that the data is managed for you; you don't need to build up additional memory structures to contain the data. Likewise, the application knows up front just how many entries are in the
JSONArray (20 in this example).
Although JSON parsing is much more simple programmatically, it is not cost-free. It adds the burden of memory consumption for reading in the entire data stream before it can be worked on, and for storing all of the data. In contrast, the SAX XML approach uses only the data of interest. That caveat aside, if memory for parsing a particular JSON object is ample, this approach can be favorable for many applications, particularly if working with the DOM is of little interest.
This article introduced XML and JSON data-interchange formats in the context of an Android application. Compared to the JSON approach, the XML approach is somewhat faster and less memory-constrained—at the expense of additional complexity. In Part 2, I'll introduce some advanced techniques combining JSON data, WebKit-based WebView widgets, and custom dynamic application logic for Android applications.
Downloadable resources
- PDF of this content
- Article source code (xmlvsjosn.zip | 68KB)
Related topics
- Using XML and JSON with Android, Part 2: Hybrid Android applications with JSON (Frank Ableson, developerWorks, August 2010): Learn techniques for handling XML and JSON on the Android platform in this two-part series. In Part 2 of this series, examine how Webkit-hosted JavaScript code exchanges JSON data with Java code in an Android application.
- Android Developers site: Get the latest news on Android and access the Android API reference.
- Develop Android applications with Eclipse (Frank Ableson, developerWorks, February 2008): Take this tutorial that shows the easiest way to develop Android applications—with Eclipse.
- Networking with Android (Frank Ableson, developerWorks, June 2009): Explore Android's networking capabilities.
- Working with XML on Android (Michael Galpin, developerWorks, June 2009): Learn about the different options for working with XML on Android and how to use them to build your own Android applications.
- Introducing JSON: Learn JSON syntax.
- To XML and Back: Using JSON in Android (Frank Ableson, Linux Magazine, March 2010): Read more about JSON and Android.
- Unlocking Android (Frank Ableson, Manning Publications, 2010): Cover all aspects of Android development in this book by the author.
- Mobile Design and Development (Brian Fling, O'Reilly Media, 2009): Read about practical guidelines, standards, techniques, and best practices for building mobile products in this book.
- The Open Handset Alliance: Visit Android's sponsor.
- More articles by this author (Frank Ableson, developerWorks, April 2002-current): Read articles about Android, XML, Eclipse, GPS, BlackBerry applications, and other technologies.
- Android SDK: Download the Android SDK. Version 1.5 and later will work for this article's exercise.
- Eclipse: Obtain the latest Eclipse IDE.
- Android Open Source Project: Android is open source, which means that you can get the source code here.
- IBM certification: Find out how you can become an IBM-Certified Developer.
- XML technical library: See the developerWorks XML Zone for a wide range of technical articles and tips, tutorials, standards, and IBM Redbooks. Also, read more XML tips.
- IBM product evaluation versions: Get your hands on application development tools and middleware products.


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