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Dutchbar, a community of 1,000 on the east coast of Sri Lanka, was much more like a family than a village. On the morning of December 26, it was wiped off the map by a forty-foot wave. Today the survivors are faced with a choice: return to the place where their families were killed, or leave their village forever
_All of them. They are waiting. They want you to know. I lost my wife and child. My brother was killed. I found my sister at a bend in the road, half-clothed and still warm, barbed wire wound through her hair. I was saved by a monkey in a coconut tree who waved at me and told me to climb. Women bring pictures of their children. He's right there, dressed as the third wise man. That's the whole family in front of the famous waterfall; he's the youngest, a clever child. These photos, fished from the wreckage and dried in the sun, wrapped in paper and carried in pockets, they must all be looked at, each life must be imagined, every frightened child at a school assembly and each young woman going to her first day of work at the bank. _
And still there are more, waiting. Old women and little boys, girls who lost sisters, and a Sunday-school teacher who watched her Bible class carried away. All the fathers whose children were ripped from their arms. One minute he was under my arm like a loaf of bread, and then he was gone. They are countless, among the multitudes, all singing their stories in a tuneless song. Can you hear them? All of them? And will each one be remembered? The one who was to be engaged that day? The one who watched her twin sister carried out to sea? There are thousands of them now, hundreds of thousands, millions, mewling, a lamentation in twenty languages all along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, in countries you can't remember if you know anything about, in cities that sound somehow familiar. Banda Aceh? Krabi? Galle? Wasn't that an ancient empire or a prehistoric skeleton? Don't they make tea there?
Move closer and you can see them. They're coming into focus. There is a ring of them clinging to the edges of a big green island southeast of India. And closer, a city undone by the waters and a tiny village within that city, built onto a sandbar, a thousand people waiting to talk. Why there? Why these and not the others? Why not. Why not these people. You start by listening to just one of them. Closer now.
IT'S TWO WEEKS LATER and fifteen former citizens of Dutchbar sit in a row of old wooden chairs at a municipal office. They've been summoned here to receive their money, $100 for each death. They're made to wait for a long time. They're neither patient nor impatient. They're blank, like their wires have been ripped out. Get a death certificate. Okay, how do I do that? Maybe later they will feel something profound about collecting a sum of money for their dead child, but today they sit and wait and see what happens. Events are no longer expected to make sense.
Sweat, smoke from burning garbage, someone eating a fragrant dal curry in the accounting division. Women in saris labor over monstrous ledger books used in place of computers, entering information in their elegant circular alphabet. Then the government agent arrives with the necessary documents, a Hindu woman in a green sari and a motorcycle helmet. She's been Dutchbar's government agent for years, and she knows everyone in the village, at least on paper.
They follow her into a room with a big wooden desk on a riser. Everyone presses toward it, trying to read the forms backward across the desk. She shoos them like children and back they go into the hallway. Then she calls them in, one at a time. Jerington Speck. He's only 15, but his father, Anton, is still in the hospital, so he's here to collect checks for his mother and sister, now dead. Edna Barthelot is next, and she stares at the ledger suspiciously before signing for her mother. Agnes Delima signs for her husband; Rienz Foulzer for his mother, sister, and grandmother; Terencia Speck, long-necked and beautiful in the way an actress who's playing someone with consumption in a period drama is beautiful, signs for her mother and father. The day of the tsunami was going to be Terencia's engagement party, and that turn of fortune makes her a special case even in Dutchbar, where 150 people out of 1,000 died. Her name is called twice as she sits in her chair, pinching the skin at her elbow, but no one says a word to her.
Britto Moses is next. Britto is 28 years old, and today he is clean and well groomed as usual, his hair carefully combed, his goatee trimmed so close it almost ceases to exist, a slight scent of baby lotion on him. Britto signs for the money. One hundred dollars for his mother. One hundred dollars for his father. One hundred dollars for his sister. And with this signature, he ends the official existence of his family. He is the only one left, one of the few from Dutchbar who is truly alone.
Dutchbar wasn't a town the way people think of towns. It was more like a tiny principality, settled forty years ago on a finger of sand that points out from the shore of the coastal city of Batticaloa. It was created by Burghers, the Catholic descendants of the Portuguese and Dutch colonists—or at least they once were, centuries ago. The people in Dutchbar still bear their European names, and some of the older ones still speak Portuguese, handed down orally for the past five centuries. They are mostly carpenters, with little money, so Dutchbar came into existence slowly. First there were palm-frond huts, then walls were built and separate kitchens; then wells were dug, electricity was strung out from the city. They lived only with other Burghers, married only other Burghers, bound themselves together and apart from everyone else.
The default unit of measure in Sri Lanka is the family. It's almost irreducible. The government counts families in the census, and it uses families to quantify the eects of the tsunami how many families have been displaced, how many have lost their houses or loved ones. There were 260 families in Dutchbar. But it was mostly a village with five last names: There are probably twenty sets of Ragel families, thirty Specks, twenty Outschoorns, at least twenty-five Barthelots, and probably forty Delimas. And if you consider all the Delimas who married Outschoorns who have Ragel cousins, it's really all just one big family. After the tsunami, the families are reconfiguring themselves, forming scar tissue. Orphans have been gathered up again by aunts and uncles, widows by their sisters and brothers. But Britto was from a family of outsiders. They moved from the hill country and had no relations in the village. There is no one left for him here anymore.
Britto takes his money, folds it neatly into his front pocket, and walks back to St. Cecilia's school, where the village of Dutchbar has been temporarily relocated. Britto is living in a classroom with his friends and their families. He has a small red gym bag in which he keeps his possessions: two pairs of jeans saved from his house and a few donated shirts. He is thinking of taking this money and buying an airplane ticket so he can leave this country.
A few days after the tsunami, Britto went to live with his relatives in Hatton. He's not all that close to them, but that's what's expected in Sri Lanka: When trouble comes, you go with your family. He stayed for one night, and came back.
_I did not want to go with them, he says, because no one was killed. They did not lose their houses and belongings. My relations, I remind them of my mother, and when they see me, they cry. I did not want to bring them that kind of sorrow. _
But he knows he can't stay here either. I am a burden to my relations in Hatton, I am a burden to my friends here. That's why Britto wants to board a jet and fly somewhere, a rich country where he can make money. Where he can create his own future. Because what other future is there? Everyone at St. Cecilia's walks around like zombies, with no idea what will become of their lives. No one is even sure Dutchbar will continue to exist, if there is the land or the resources or the will to build it again.
You have to be at least two people to be considered a family at the refugee camp and receive a full set of rations. Even if the government builds new houses for the people of Dutchbar, what will they do with Britto? What do you do when you are smaller than the irreducible unit? When your parents are gone, the people who arrange for your marriage, see to your well-being, your life simply a continuation of theirs. When you're stricken with embarrassment at having to ask for anything, a serving of rice or someone to talk to. When it's up to you to bear the burden of mourning on your own.
LOOK CLOSER, at the fishing village of Navaladi, nestled next to Dutchbar. That morning the sky was soft and high, warm and cloudless. Nagarajah, a fisherman, roused his youngest son and saw him off to a small temple, Sri Devi, at the edge of Dutchbar. There were twenty-five sleepy-eyed young students there, with wet hair combed by their mothers, learning to meditate while the sun rose. Then Nagarajah and his other son, Soundrarajan, 10 years old, said their morning prayers.
The first thing everyone heard was shouting. Like there was a brawl in the street. Or, Like there were children playing outside. It was that most rudimentary village-level advance-warning system, and it gave only the most important facts: water and fear. They didn't know what it was then, that some event at the bottom of the sea a thousand miles away had unleashed a pulse of energy toward them. Even now, many people don't know what it was. A volcano in the ocean erupted. The United States tested a nuclear device. Nagarajah thinks it was an act of God incomprehensible to the human mind. That question was abstract, anyway. The message was: The sea is coming. Run. The shouts moved from the houses at the beach, back through the village, and out into Batticaloa town, miles and miles inland, a wave of human shudder and repulse. Someone came to Nagarajah's house and shouted, The waters are coming into the village! Nagarajah looked out of his window and saw.
The few seconds between warning and arrival. Women running in their bedclothes, children standing dumbstruck, some people looking for their families and some people sprinting away. If you slow those seconds down, stretch them, can you see anything? Is there a fault line appearing? The survivors on one side and the doomed on the other? Do they look dierent? Feel something? Are they ghosts even before it happens?
The first wave was like a flood, filling the village instantly. The subterranean water tables were overwhelmed; wells burst like fountains fifteen feet in the air, and the earth exploded in places as if by land mines. Nagarajah gathered his older son and ran toward Sri Devi to collect his younger son, but he had to turn back, away from the sea. Only three of twenty-five from Sri Devi would live. The second wave you could hear. It was like Ooooooooh. Or, The sound of a hundred airplane engines. Some looked back once and saw its approach. High thirty feet, forty feet. And as the sun was low, the wave cast its shadow over the villages. To Nagarajah it appeared like a cobra, the Hindu deity, risen to strike: God gathering up the people and taking them back into his fold. Before it hit, Nagarajah grabbed a tree and told Soundrarajan, his 10-year-old, the quiet one, to climb onto his back. He told him, wrap your arms and legs around me tight. Some said the water was tar black and unnatural. Some thought it felt acidic, stinging. To Nagarajah, who was a fisherman and spent most of his days on the sea, it felt too cold, as if it were water from the great depths that was never meant to be touched.
_The second wave swept over his head and he let go, riding the debris with Soundrarajan on his back. He felt himself pass over the top of a palm tree, scraping a deep groove into his chest. The next period was dark. He remembers going down. Once. Twice. He was aspirating water, breathing it into his lungs as if it were air. And there was a weight on him, dragging him under, choking his breath. He came up and saw shards of light, and then he was under again, this thing pulling him down, and the need to get to the surface was profound, that message from his brain louder and more powerful than anything else. So he broke free of the weight. And almost instantly, he had the sense memory of wrenching his son's grip from around his neck. He could feel the energy of his small arms fighting to stay on. Nagarajah could breathe now, and he watched his son surface for a second or two, then once more, only for an instant. _
_Nagarajah saw his wife afterward. He said, I lost Soundrarajan. She said, Where's Soundrarajan. She said, Where is he, you bastard, he was with you. Nagarajah said, _I had to get him off me. He was killing me. He was going to kill us.
THE MEN WASH first at St. Cecilia's, out at the well in the courtyard, soaping themselves and pulling buckets of water up with a rope. Then the women come, in groups of four or five, giggling. They bathe in their sarongs, reaching underneath to wash themselves and rinse, using them like personal shower curtains. Children stand around brushing their teeth, sometimes forgetting what they're doing and starting a game of hopscotch with a mouthful of lather.
After breakfast is handed out lumps of rice wrapped in plastic and sheets of newspaper the women sweep the hallways and wash clothes in bright plastic tubs. The men get ready to leave. Most are gone by 8 or 9. They don't have jobs to go to anymore, so they go back to Dutchbar to try to rescue anything of value or to walk the streets of Batticaloa. Justin Starrack goes to his carpentry shop. He has no tools they've been washed away but he goes there anyway because that's what men do. They leave during the day with other men and come back in the afternoon. There is nothing to look forward to, no future to imagine, so it's reassuring to go through the motions, the phantom twitching of an amputated life.
All day the children play cricket and basketball and dam, a checkers game they found in an empty schoolroom. They play a game by the well where they splash each other and yell "Tsunami!" Sometimes they can't believe their great fortune. No school, most of their friends are around, left to roam free in this place all day. But there's no real joy in it; there's something blocking it that isn't talked about, of course, only observed. Kids can't speak about things like that. But they talk about their fear, sometimes. The wave had come to take them, and it will be back. Even the adults are afraid that somehow whatever it was that lived inside that wave is going to find them. They share the same dream: They're back in Dutchbar, the water is right behind them, and they're running.
They know that even if everything appears normal, you can't count on it. The sky was soft and high, warm and cloudless. It's like that theory of quantum physics, that what we see and feel is not as reliable as we think it is. At the subatomic level, matter is constantly flickering in and out of existence, and what we think of as a specific reality is just the appearance of a specific reality. Normally, it's best to ignore this information because it's terrifying, and on a large scale it doesn't much matter; the world is predictable. But on a small scale, the world is liable to do capricious things. To disappear on us. It's the terror we know, which rises up occasionally, when the phone rings in the middle of the night or the plane passes through turbulence. There one minute, gone the next.
In the afternoon, Britto goes out to the courtyard to join the crowd around a man named Ivoe Balthazaar, an upright 57-year-old with a small mustache. Ivoe has a special place in the village: He speaks English. A beautiful, arcane version of the King's English with rolling _r'_s, a sound and vocabulary that doesn't exist anymore. It falls to Ivoe to write letters, fill out forms, name the town's children. There's a line of people near him with death certificates and insurance claims to be completed, applications for bankbooks and ID forms, since all that was washed away in the waves. He does not ask for payment for his services, and none is offered.
Britto has a copy of a document he thinks will get him into Canada. He bought it at the photocopy store for five cents, and he gives it to Ivoe to fill out. Under the situation for which Britto is seeking entry, Ivoe writes, "My house and belongings were washed away. I lost my parents and elder sister during the disaster. I am now alone and have no one. So I want to leave the country."
Ivoe is filling out more and more visa applications. People want to leave. They're fed up with Sri Lanka. Even the people who want to stay are wondering what they have to look forward to. The 850 surviving residents of Dutchbar will have to leave this camp; some say it will be in a week or two; some say longer. Some say the government will build one giant village for the aected towns, and they will all be mid together. Some say they will build a giant apartment building where Dutchbar used to be, like a vertical village. The Dutchbar Arms, maybe, or the Dutchbar Towers. A government agent tells them the city is looking for land so they can build a new Dutchbar. But none of that will happen for a while. In the meantime, there is nothing to do but wait. But what exactly they are waiting for no one knows.
It is like we are out in the sea at night, Ivoe says. Not even knowing which way the land is, but we must swim, swim, swim. We don't feel a direction now. We are just waiting. We are not a town anymore. We are a people who are remaining.
Britto doesn't think he can wait to find out what will happen to Dutchbar, because there's no longer a place for him here. That is why he has bought his Canadian documents. Once his form is filled out, he goes to take a nap. Then, after dinner, he and his friend Richard Speck take an eight-hour bus ride to Colombo, the capital, arriving at four-thirty in the morning. Britto goes straight to the Canadian embassy and waits for it to open. There's a rumor that the Canadians are going to let tsunami victims emigrate, and there's a large crowd gathered at the gates, clutching their documents, folding and refolding them, squatting and eating bananas in the hours before the day grows hot.
The guard at the gate doesn't even let Britto into the courtyard. Do you have a sponsor in Canada? the man asks him. Then there's no use to your coming in, your application won't be looked at. And for a moment Britto is brought low again, as low as he's been in days. Canada is something he's been holding close, keeping in reserve to ward off the crushing facts. And now this security guard won't even let him past the gate, just turns to deal with the half-crazed old man who's next, and Britto turns invisible. He sits down and lets himself think about his sister. Her ID card is in his wallet, and he takes it out. She's beautiful and fair in the picture, a black and white shot that makes her look like she's from another era. She was 30 years old, too old to be unmarried in Dutchbar. She'd confessed to her friends that she was afraid her parents had given up on marrying her but couldn't bring themselves to tell her. The most important thing in arranging a marriage is the dowry, and there was no dowry to speak of in Britto's family. Britto never talked about it with her, though. It might have embarrassed her.
LOOK AGAIN NOW, where the waves just swept through. Darkness. All around were broken things and swirling water. There was a woman there, floating. Jasintha Singarajah, age 50. When she came to, she thought she was still in her house with her family. Then she opened her eyes and saw the black bridge over her, the one on the main road a couple of miles from Dutchbar. There were people on the bridge, leaning over the rail and shouting things she could not hear as she passed beneath. When they opened their mouths, the sounds of a waterfall came out. She realized she was holding a piece of timber to her body, perhaps one of the beams from her house. She saw lava floes of splintered wood, a holy-water bottle made of yellow plastic in the form of the Virgin Mary. She saw Anton Speck, a man she knew from Dutchbar, his face just above the surface, his almost toothless mouth gasping and his eyes closed. Anton Speck, a man who cannot swim and had not thought to grab on to a piece of wood, borne up by the water and carried.
Jasintha had been at home with her family. The first wave came in through the window, and everyone flew through the rooms of the house trying to get out. The second wave came maybe thirty seconds later and filled the house instantly. Her husband, mother, two children, and a neighbor boy who'd come over to eat a piece of Christmas cake all drowned, pressed against the ceiling. God, please forgive our sins and take us all together, she said. Jasintha was somehow lifted up through the disintegrating house, out through the roof, and shot past Dutchbar into the lagoon behind.
_When the water slowed, Anton and Jasintha were in Kattankudy, five miles from Dutchbar. There were bodies floating around her, and a fleet of one-man fishing boats looking for survivors. When they found her, she was too weak to open her arms. A boatman pulled her in and paddled her back to shore, where they saw Anton, lying facedown, bleeding from the head. This one's dead, someone said, but as they made to carry him they saw he was breathing. Hey, one of them said, that's Anton Speck. Anton had been washed all the way to the neighborhood where he worked. _He's a very good carpenter, he worked on my house.
But wait. Don't go yet. There's more. Look, Jasintha says, here's a picture of my daughter. That's my son. He dressed up as Santa Claus just the night before. He wore a red robe and brought samosas to his aunt in a red bag. Jasintha has more to show you. It's urgent that you see. But why? What does she want? Maybe recognition, an accounting. But that will be impossible here. The numbers are too great. A husband and two children lost to a woman of 50, everything she'd worked to make in this world gone—that's just average. That doesn't even get you on the news. There are a thousand Dutchbars, a thousand more horrible places. There are a million Jasinthas in Sri Lanka and India and Indonesia. You say to her: I can't imagine. And you can't. You can't possibly imagine every single one of them. There is not enough compassion. You have to turn down the volume or risk going mad.
BRITTO LEAVES THE camp and goes back to Dutchbar every few days. He doesn't like being there, but he can't stay away. The village looks like it had been destroyed and abandoned years ago. It has been taken over by the black crows who eat the dead things and the dogs who trot around as if on their way to work. All the houses are alone now, free of their owners, fully unbuilt by the sea and spread flat in the strong sunlight and humidity.
Dutchbar shows itself from the inside out. The contents of closets, cracked toilets from outhouses, report cards, all luridly strewn amid shattered brick. It's not preserved in its last moments of panic, the way the subbasements of the World Trade Center complex were, or the classrooms and homes of Chernobyl, writing still on the blackboards and jackets still over chairs. It's erased. Houses, workshops, record collections, anything with human narrative, gone. On December 26, 2004, Dutchbar vanished. There will be no record of it. Even people who've lived their entire lives here have trouble finding their own homes now.
Britto stands at the rubble that was his house, the way people stand at grave sites. Richard Speck is at his house down the way, pulling out the iron and tin, anything that can be sold for scrap. Ivan Delima is looking for his refrigerator. Victorine Balthazaar, 15, is picking her way through the wrecked rooms of her house, wearing a long tangerine frock, looking once again for that new denim suit she never got to wear. One of the Ragels sweeps the sand off the floor of a house that no longer exists. But mostly what people do here is what Britto does: stand over their former homes with their hands on their hips, circling the wreckage of their lives. No one can bring themselves to rebuild, but neither can they keep from coming back to sit here during the day. They hover, preoccupied, over their pasts. A very few people glance at the water, but no one goes near it. The wide, beautiful beach is always empty, the sea lapping happily at the sand like a dog panting and grinning, completely unaware that he's just murdered his own litter.
A motorcade of four cars with VIP signs in their front windows pull up to Dutchbar's Catholic church. The cardinal of the Washington, D.C., archdiocese emerges, followed by a still photographer and a cameraman with a light who runs ahead and films the cardinal walking into the church. Britto comes to see what's going on. There's a small crowd gathered, and the cardinal recites a prayer in Latin and then says, _There's no way to make sense of this thing. Maybe someday, when we meet Him, we will understand. In the meantime, we mourn with you. _
After the foreigner gets back into his white sedan and the motorcade moves off, Father Joe Mary speaks. He is Dutchbar's priest. Everyone will move back here, he says. We will use money from this foreigner and other foreigners to build a temporary camp here, where you can live while you rebuild. You shouldn't be afraid; the tsunami won't come again. There are plane crashes, but people still fly.
But almost no one is willing to come back here. The sea on one side and the lagoon on the other and nowhere to run.
The priest is selfish-minded, Annette Ragel says. He cares only about keeping his parish. Give him a glass of water from my well, where a dead dog is decaying, and see if he wants to stay.
The crowd disperses, and people visit the places they need to visit. Some go to the mass graves down near the lagoon, where the bodies were buried only half-burned. Britto traces the path he took the day of the tsunami and comes eventually to the spot on Kamilus Road, beneath an electric pole, where he found his sister's body. He squats for a while there and picks at a fingernail.
Britto had been one of the people on the bridge on December 26. There was a certain sick-making thrill to it, the sheer volume of destruction, the people screaming past below. In the distance, only the tops of the palm trees were visible, where Dutchbar and Navaladi used to stand.
Britto had come to Batticaloa with his friend Shawn Ragel that morning. Up early, on the motorbike, to drop off Shawn's application to the technical school at the teacher's house and stop for tea before returning to Dutchbar. We were gone for just ten minutes! Shawn and Britto said to each other on the bridge. Ten minutes!
There was still three feet of water on the road when he started walking back that day. The people of Dutchbar moved past him, some running, bleeding from the head, half-clothed, screaming, looking for loved ones. I called to your family when I ran, Earlane Ragel told him, but I don't know if they heard. Britto felt, with his clean hair and dry clothes, like an outsider. People tell him now, You're lucky. But it would have been better somehow to have been dragged by the waves than to have been completely untouched. If I had been there, either I could have saved my family or I would have gone with them, and either would be better than this.
When he reached Dutchbar, men were wandering in groups of two or three, searching, calling out the names of the missing. The dead were everywhere. Tenny Starrack was trying to give a 2-year-old girl CPR on the roof of a house, but she was already dead. They wouldn't find Britto's mother's body for three days, and when the volunteers discovered her they would see that her face had been bashed in by something when she was carried off—they only showed Britto her legs before they took her to the mass graves.
Britto would spend days in the hospital looking for his father—the bodies overflowing the morgue, lining the hallways and the veranda and arranged around the big tree in the courtyard. He would see Deckman Delima's body, and Shanthi and the boy with the deformed leg. He thinks his father's body was buried in one of the mass graves before he could identify it.
Britto found his sister himself that day, on his way home from Batticaloa, 400 yards from his house. It had been only thirty minutes since the waves, and her body was still warm. Her dress was ripped to the waist, and she was covered in whorls of silt. Twigs and a strand of barbed wire wound in her hair and white foam came from her mouth. He picked up her body and carried it to St. Ignatius church. He set her down on a pew and waited for Father Joe Mary. He thought, Now she'll never be married. Britto always felt a sense of responsibility for his sister, and he sat in the church trying to work out how this thing could end with her feeling that she'd had the life she'd imagined for herself since she was small. He found a dress that had been washed from someone's house and draped it over her body.
When he is done remembering, Britto leaves the spot under the electric pole. He finds Shawn Ragel and gets on the back of his scooter. It's almost five-thirty, and there is an exodus from Dutchbar, a procession of bicycles and three-wheeled taxis all headed in the same direction: away. No one wants to be here at night. Even the few families who think of moving back to Dutchbar can't bring themselves to sleep here. The people across the lagoon say they hear screaming at night. Help me! Mommy! Daddy! Save me! A few days ago, one of the Delima boys saw his father and Sherley Balthazaar's mother by the side of the road just after dusk, in the clothes they were wearing when they were killed, still wet.
One of the last to leave Dutchbar today is a small boy in a T-shirt that says REAL CHICKS. As he's running to catch up with his father, he comes across a femur bone in the sand and shrieks, then freezes. But it's not from one of the tsunami victims. It's an old bone, yellowed and dried, belonging to Ivoe Balthazaar's father-in-law. His grave, in a small plot next to the village, was smashed and unearthed by the waves. There had been a cemetery in Dutchbar before it was a village, forty years ago. And as the Ragels and Delimas and Outschoorns moved in, some simply pulled up the headstones and built their houses over the interred. Dutchbar was built on a cemetery and has ended up a cemetery. Or you can see it another way: It was once a village and will almost certainly one day be a village again when someone new discovers it. We can't be sentimental for too long. Every place is haunted. Every city is a graveyard.
LISTEN NOW. _Hear how quiet it was? Terencia Speck was holding on to the top of a tree a few hundred feet from her home, and the water was receding. Her engagement party was going to be at noon that day, and her family had been preparing. The furniture had to be moved, and moved back. The liquor bottles needed to be set out, because when you are a Burgher the liquor bottles are the most essential part! The aunts were sweeping. Even the uncles were sweeping. Her mother: Everything must be right. There should be no mistakes! The fiancé's family must not want for anything. You could hear the din of nervous energy, like an orchestra tuning just as the audience is seated. But now there was no sound except the draining of water. _
_The waves came to Justin Starrack's and stole his carpentry tools. They emptied Victorine Balthazaar's closet and took the new denim suit she wanted to wear on New Year's. They came to Terencia Speck's and smashed the cake for her engagement party, frosted and sitting in the kitchen under cloth; they took the cubed beef and chopped vegetables to be cooked later that day; they took the younger cousins who had slept scattered on the floor in Terencia's room; they took her new dress, hung near the door so she could see it while she lay in bed, to who knows what watery depths.
Twenty-one people slept at Terencia's the night before, and eight of them are dead. Her aunts and nieces and cousins. Her father left the roof of a house to go look for her mother after the first wave, and Terencia wouldn't see either of them alive again. Did that make it her fault, if everyone came here for her party?_
Afterward it was Terencia, alone in the tree, looking down. All around the village the surviving members of the population were in the high places, clinging. Francis Ragel in a tree. Mrs. Starrack and her son hanging from a roof like they're little kids playing. A hundred people on the top of the highest, strongest house in the village. Like the laws of physics were suspended briefly and then turned back on, and everyone had to grab something or plummet. Terencia felt her arms grow weak, the rough bark digging into the pads of her hands. She was determined to stay up there until everything reversed itself, until the water came back and rebuilt everything, returned her dress and her cake and the little cousins asleep on the floor, and she could be engaged in a few hours.
AT ONE TWENTY-TWO in the afternoon, three young men from the government arrive at St. Cecilia's to announce that a decision has been made about the future of the village. A circle of people, maybe a hundred, forms around the officials as they make their pitch for relocating Dutchbar to a plot of land out near the railroad tracks. It's mostly men, standing on tiptoe, with their hands on one another's shoulders, listening quietly. The officials say, Go look at the land, think about it overnight, and give your answer in the morning.
At four thirty they set out. There are twenty or thirty scooters and motorbikes, each with two or three people, one male from every clan in Dutchbar, or at least whoever was around. They get lost a couple of times, and they have to get directions. At a clearing, everyone leaves their motorcycles and walks down the center of a set of railroad tracks toward a flat, sandy parcel of scrubland. Anton Speck shouts, and they look back to see a train coming.
We escaped the tsunami, Godfrey Johnson says. But our children will be killed off by trains!
The soil is sandy and the trees are low. Not a man-made structure visible in any direction. Someone says, The place is so far from town, the government should buy everyone a motorcycle. Someone else says, We will have to be good at sleeping, because we're too far to work! Godfrey bends down and starts digging a hole. He tastes the soil to see if the water below will be salty. Someone picks up a branch and says, We must plant the flag of the Burghers! We have landed! Another man says, It should be a liquor bottle, not a tree! There is a change in the men, a new lightness. Britto takes a brick and proclaims that he is planting the cornerstone of the new Dutchbar. Someone says, We can't call it Dutchbar, we'll have to call it Tsunami Dutchbar. Or just Tsunami. To which Godfrey replies, We don't want to have the same name as every other village! Someone walks a few hundred yards to a small farm and questions the farmer about the area; the water is good, the main road is only two kilometers away.
I like it, Ivoe says after a while. I like it very much. There is space to roam about and to have our own village, our own place. I am happy.
Britto says that when a connecting road is built, it will be a good place. But he will not live here. This is where their paths fork; Dutchbar turning toward this new land, a spot in the distance to concentrate on, and Britto splitting off. I am alone. He will move to Hatton, he thinks, where his relatives live. Or maybe Australia. He bought a visa application that morning. If I go to Hatton, those people won't know about this. They won't talk about it. So I can little by little forget and start a new life again.
He says these things with a sense of closure, but in other moments there is still doubt. The night before, he sat and talked to Earlane Ragel in the breezeway while everyone slept. He lives with Earlane at St. Cecilia's, and before that she'd been Britto's closest neighbor, a second mother to him, a confidante to his sister. You are reluctant to go to Hatton because you are so close to us and because you were with us when this happened, she said. Britto sat with his hands between his legs; the sounds of people waking from the dream and settling back into slumber echoed in the concrete hallways. Go to Hatton, she said, because she knew that he still hoped somehow he'd live in Dutchbar, taken up by a family the way the orphans were. If our new house is big, I will take you back and you can live with us, no problem. But I think my house will be very small. Even if we wanted, we could not have you there.
It's getting dark now, and the men begin to walk back, down the tracks. They start their scooters again and drive home to St. Cecilia's.
_How long can you stay here? How many can you talk to? How long can you listen before it's time to turn away again? _
Richard and Anton, Ivoe and Godfrey, walking down the railway tracks from their new town, turning their thoughts away from the past for the first time since it happened, they're all growing smaller. The government has a meeting where people present plans for the new Dutchbar. Britto will move to Hatton, where he will try not to tell the story about how he found his sister's body in the road, only partly clothed, still warm. He will fall again into the broad stream of predictable human life where the rest of us live, carried on to a more predictable future. Meanwhile, the camps are shrinking. People strike out for new lands. Mothers move in with their grown children across town. Brothers take in widowed sisters and their surviving children. Terencia Speck and her fiancé are married in a quiet ceremony that follows almsgiving for her dead family. The catastrophically wounded are being reabsorbed. The event recedes. Sri Lanka, briefly lifted off the map and made large and glowing, settles back down. An obscure island off the coast of India. Don't they make tea there? The people calling out their stories begin to drop away, turning back to their lives. But tonight they will sleep again at St. Cecilia's, and they will have the same dream. There are still some who want to tell their stories. They want you to listen. They can't go yet. How long is long enough to stay here, before you leave?


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Personal Questions With Hell Rell! 'What Do You Think Of. When You Hear The Word Sword?' "Sword? Thats Homo"
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Selecting your vehicle's make, model, and year allows us to display only parts and items specific to your car's model and year.
Part# L980156
1 Review
OPGI Price: $79.99
Part Type: (R) = Authentic reproduction of the original GM product
Years: 1978-1986
Sold As: EACH
2018 Monte Carlo Catalog Page: 39
1978 (all with 3-speed AT, with adapter)
1978-79 (without cruise, without adapter)
1980-81 (without cruise)
1982-83 (without cruise, without adapter)
1984-85 (3-speed without adapter)
1985-86 (all with 4-speed AT) with O.D. adapter (upper) without adapter exc. 200-4R
1978-80 (with adapter) lower
1981 (with intercon.) lower
1981 (with intercon., with adapter) lower
1982-83 (with adapter, without cruise) lower
1984 (with adapter, intercon., 3-speed or 4-speed) lower
1985-86 (all with 3-speed AT, with intercon.) lower
1987 (all with 3-speed or 4-speed AT) with adapter, lower
1978-80 (with adapter) upper
1981 (with intercon.) upper
1981-87 cable with gear adapter (non-cruise)
1982-83 (with adapter, without cruise) upper
1984 (with adapter, with intercon., 3-speed or 4-speed) upper
1985-86 (with 3-speed AT, with intercon.) upper
1981 (with intercon. shaft, without adapter) lower
1982-83 (with adapter and cruise) lower
1982-83 lower cable without gear adapter (with cruise)


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Part of Hampus Lindholm's job as a hockey defenseman is to hit people, but when he unintentionally laid out his hot-shooting teammate Corey Perry in the second period, the biggest miscue of the rookie's season was at hand.
Three minutes later, Lindholm redeemed himself, sending a hard shot that deflected off the glass to Perry in front of the net, a golden chance Perry backhanded for his eighth goal in seven games.
The goal proved decisive as the Ducks won their fourth in a row and remained unbeaten in regulation at Honda Center with a 2-1 victory over the Minnesota Wild.
"Did I get hit?" Perry deadpanned after taking the blow from the 200-pound Lindholm. "It's only Hampus, so it's nothing."
Perry followed a familiar script to his 21st goal, skating to the net and batting the puck out of the air.
"That's what you've got to do," Perry said. "You look at a lot of the goals in the league where they're scored … I just try to go there and be a big body around the net. Things are happening."
The second assist on Perry's goal went to center Ryan Getzlaf, who has a point in each of the last 15 games he's played. His points in 13 consecutive games (Getzlaf missed three games with an injury) ties St. Louis' Alexander Steen for the longest streak of the season.
After a scoreless first period, Ducks defenseman Alex Grant zipped a shot past Minnesota's gifted goaltender Josh Harding 2 minutes 37 seconds into the second period.
For Grant, it was his second goal on his second career shot and he also became the second NHL defenseman this season to score a goal in each of his first two games.
"He was cheating a little to the pass, I saw that, threw it on the net," Grant said.
The Pacific Division-leading Ducks (22-7-5 overall and 12-0-2 at Honda Center) worked to repeat their scoring touch of back-to-back five-goal games, but Dustin Penner hit the crossbar on a power play and Perry's follow was gloved by a diving Harding.
Teemu Selanne was then denied on a point-blank shot from Harding's right.
The Ducks' comfort lessened early in the third when defenseman Ben Lovejoy went to the penalty box for boarding, and Minnesota wing Jason Pominville scored his team-high 15th goal 48 seconds later with a backhand follow to Ducks goalie Jonas Hiller's right.
Hiller then faced a breakaway by Wild defenseman Charlie Coyle, sticking his left leg pad to the post to stop Coyle's shot with 9:22 left in the game.
"We played good outside of that," Hiller said after 23 saves. "I was able to get on the brakes when he was turning back."
The Ducks were met initially by stiff resistance from Harding, who leads the NHL with a 1.50 goals-against average and stopped all 11 of their first-period shots.
Later, Ducks defenseman Cam Fowler was stopped on a point-blank rush, a spin pass from Ducks center Nick Bonino to Kyle Palmieri was halted and Harding beat Matt Beleskey on a breakaway.
Minnesota (18-10-5) is now 1-5 in its last six road games. email@example.com


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Mallorca offers impressive diversity: Whether you are looking for sea or mountains, culture or sport – this beautiful island has it all. The trip from Germany is short and cheap, the weather is good and the scenery is breathtaking. So, when it comes to holiday homes on the island, the question is not "if", but "where".
During the filming of "Faszination Wohnen – Engel & Völkers exklusiv", we and the N24 team had the opportunity to get to know the ins and outs of the island. Find out what makes the individual regions so special:
In the first episode on Mallorca we visited Santa Maria, Cala Vinyas and Port D'Andratx.
Santa Maria is located in the island's interior – here you will discover the authentic, tranquil Mallorca and have the opportunity to taste wine and olive oil produced on family farms. The finca where the film was shot is embedded in a park-like garden in a quiet, rural area. The property is surrounded by olive and almond trees and a fantastic variety of plants – an ideal spot to relax and unwind.
Port D'Andratx is regarded as one of Mallorca's most beautiful ports and is located in the southwest of the island. There are many villas and luxury apartment houses, fine restaurants and chic boutiques all around. The popular and picturesque fishing village is only 20 minutes drive from the capital city of Palma and is very popular with German celebrities. Villa Tapies, which we presented in our TV show "Faszination Wohnen – Engel & Völkers exklusiv", offers beautiful views of the harbour in Port D'Andratx and the sea.
Also in the southwest is Cala Vinyas, a small and quiet resort surrounded by steep cliffs. The newly built luxury villa from our TV show is situated on the rocky coastline in the first line to the sea and offers amazing sea views. Its direct surroundings consist of luxury villas and a small, beautiful bay.
In our second episode on Mallorca we went to Bendinat, Pollensa and Llucmajor.
The region of Bendinat is one of the most upscale residential areas in Mallorca and is only a few minutes from the legendary marina of Puerto Portals. The villa from our second episode of "Faszination Wohnen – Engel & Völkers exklusiv" offers fantastic views of the neo-Gothic castle which was built there in the 19th century. The property borders directly on one of the region's most famous golf courses.
Pollensa is located in the north of Mallorca. The landscape of this pristine, unspoilt region is dominated by the Serra de Tramuntana mountain range. The historic village of Pollenca has much to offer culturally, such as international music festivals and concerts in summer. Whoever climbs the 365 steps of the Calvary is rewarded with fantastic panoramic views across the city to the sea. The beautiful finca from our second episode is located close to a golf course and embedded in a magnificent garden setting.
Lluchmajor is located southeast of Palma. Here it becomes clear how big the contrasts can be on Mallorca. Although Mallorca's famous/infamous party mile is only a few kilometres away, this is where you will find the tranquillity and solitude of the original Mallorca. The region has a laid-back town centre, extensive fields with apricot and almond trees, and beautiful residential areas along the island's south coast. The villa from our TV show "Faszination Wohnen – Engel & Völkers exklusiv" is situated in a prime location directly at the coast of Puig d'en Ros and offers fantastic sea views.
Are you interested in a second home on Mallorca? Then check out our new TV show "Faszination Wohnen – Engel & Völkers exklusiv", which takes a look at some of our most exclusive and unique properties on Mallorca. Perhaps your dream finca is already waiting for you. For more information and contact details, visit our Mallorca website.


text: Take a Crop's Temperature January 25, 2013 08:05 PM Tweet This map convinced Brian Sutton that thermal imaging was a helpful scouting tool. The circled area shows compaction from fenced-in cows. TAGS: Marketing, Overseas December 18, 2014 By Margy Eckelkamp Director of Content Development, Machinery Pete Email Thermal imaging provides an in-season checkup Checkups with your doctor are designed to avert a major health issue. Thermal imaging does the same for your field. To determine a field's stress level, look at an aerial photo that shows the variance in crop temperature. A cooler crop is less stressed; the warmer the crop, the more it is stressed. "We've been able to use color photos, NDVI maps and now thermal images as scouting aids and as tools to help define and refine management zones," says Isaac Ferrie, who led the effort of adopting this technology in the Farm Journal Test Plots. Thermal imaging is just emerging as a tool for farmers because the high-tech camera equipment that's required is now more feasible. "There are expensive components of this technology, and some were restricted from commercial use because they were also used as the heat-sensing element in the Tomahawk missile," explains Brian Sutton, a farmer and pilot who started a thermal imaging service called Aerial Crop Reconnaissance Experts (ACRE). "With time, the technology has become more accessible and I've been able to assemble a camera system that is much less cost-prohibitive." Sutton, who farms with his family in northern Indiana, realizes the value of evaluating a crop from above with just the naked eye. To take the benefits a step further, he started a thermal imaging business three years ago. "One of my first flights with the camera was over one of our soybean fields. I could see variation in the image that wasn't showing up in an NDVI map," he says. "There was a vibrant heat pattern in the center of the field. I asked my brother, who planted the field, if he had an explanation for what I was seeing. My brother remembered that he put temporary fencing around that section of the cornstalks the previous fall to graze cows. It stood out clearly, right up to the fence lines. That was three years ago now, and we can still see the compaction. What we thought was cheap feed at the time turned out to cost us about 7 bu. per acre in soybean production." How it works. Thermal cameras measure the energy emitted by the plants to produce infrared images, which are then processed to apply the scaling to show the variation in the area. The cameras can work just as well in the darkness of night. NDVI maps show a measure of crop health with near-infrared images that rely primarily on reflected light from the sun and amplify changes in color. The camera has the ability to decipher differences of up to three-hundredths of a degree Celsius. The thermal image is then scaled down to a narrow temperature spectrum and a color palate is applied to assess the variation. The thermal image provides 1-meter resolution. When collecting the thermal image, the ACRE service takes a color aerial photograph with a 24-megapixel camera to check for interference from clouds. Pictures are taken 10 to 14 days apart, starting at planting and continuing throughout the growing season. With timeliness in mind, Sutton strives to deliver images to farmers within 24 hours after the plane lands. The images can be viewed on computers, iPads or iPhones. From there, farmers can use Sutton's custom app to align the thermal image on top of a Google Earth map and then walk through the field on foot. This past year, Sutton coupled thermal images with in-field scouting to learn more about how disease infestations appear in the photos. "What I don't like about a yield monitor is that there is nothing you can do from the combine to manage that crop better," he says. "With these images, I can see the problem areas of the field midseason, and then go out and ground-truth these areas, and possibly be able to react in time to help." The ACRE network of providers will soon include pilots across the Midwest with access to the camera system. "We've tried to grow our business slowly with farmer customers interested in learning how this technology can be beneficial. This coming year, we hope to have 100,000 acres flown," Sutton says. To learn more about thermal imaging and how it can enhance scouting efforts, visit www.FarmJournal.com/thermal_imaging You can e-mail Margy Fischer at email@example.com. Back to news


text: Storytime! For children of all agesName: Storytime! For children of all agesDate: January 19, 2019Time: 10:30 AM - 11:00 AM CSTWebsite: http://www.loreleibooks.comEvent Description:All our young lovers of lore are invited to hear readings of some of the newest children's books as well as the classics. Coloring and other activities are also available.


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I am in the process of doing the georgetown apps. and i have a few questions.this is the shortest application i have come across, am i missing something? when is the deadline for early action?is anyone doing the GLS program, or know anything about it? how can it be beneficial, or disadvantage me? the program sounds great, but i am a little scared of the commitment to "spend most or all of his her life as a public interest lawyer". any thoughts would be very much appreciated. thanks!
I got my Georgetown User name and password. I love these school with application check on the web


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Another month of strong U.S. auto sales is in the books, as automakers on Thursday reported double-digit growth in July amid continued demand for pickup trucks.
Continue Reading Below
Meanwhile, each of the Big Three automakers saw retail sales to individual buyers outpace overall sales growth, an indication that consumers are quickly returning to the auto market.
Car manufacturers have broadly seen surging demand for pickup trucks, thanks to a rebound in the home-building and energy industries. Recovering home prices and pent-up demand from aging vehicles have also helped drive U.S. consumers to purchase new vehicles. Sales in July neared levels not seen since 2007.
Profits have also gotten a lift as the price tags for those vehicles have gone up. Pickup trucks in particular are more profitable for automakers.
Ford Motor Co.'s (NYSE:F) U.S. new-vehicle sales rose 11% in July, with the company reporting gains across most models including trucks.
The company sold 193,715 vehicles, up from 173,966 a year ago and down 18% from June's total of 235,643. July results just missed an estimate from car website Edmunds.com, which called for a 12% increase in July sales.
Total sales were at their highest level since 2006, and Ford said its retail sales were up 19%, the best since 2005.
July had 25 selling days, one more than last year.
"We saw continued strength and growth in our retail business, particularly in the coastal regions of the country," Ken Czubay, Ford's vice president of U.S. marketing, sales and service, said in a statement.
Car sales were up 4.4%, while SUV sales rose 9.3% and truck sales surged 20%.
Sales of Ford's F-series pickup trucks were up 23%. On Wednesday, Ford announced that it will introduce a version of its half-ton F-150 that runs on either gasoline or compressed natural gas.
The namesake Ford brand saw 12% sales growth, overshadowing a 0.8% decline in Lincoln sales.
Last week, the Dearborn, Mich., company reported a 19% increase in its second-quarter net income on higher earnings in North American. Ford also turned a profit in Asia and saw a narrower-than-expected loss in Europe, where the auto demand has lagged behind.
Shares of Ford were up 1.24% at $17.09 in late morning trading Thursday.
General Motors (NYSE:GM) continued to top its Big Three competitors in overall sales, reporting a 16% gain in July sales and higher deliveries to retail customers.
Edmunds was looking for a larger gain of 19%.
Like Ford, GM said retail sales outpaced overall sales growth last month. GM sold a total of 234,071 vehicles, compared to 264,843 in the previous month, a 12% decline, and 201,237 last July. Meanwhile, retail sales leapt 23%.
"For GM, July was the most well-balanced month of the year from a retail sales standpoint: trucks were hot, but so were small cars and family vehicles," said Kurt McNeil, vice president of GM's U.S. sales operations.
The month reflected across-the-board growth for GM, including gains for luxury brands Buick and Cadillac. Buick saw its sales climb 14%, while Cadillac, bolstered by ATS and XTS sedans, posted a 17% gain.
Sales of Chevrolet and GMC vehicles were up 17% and 14%, respectively. Full-size pickups, which include the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra, recorded 44% sales growth, the best July since 2007.
GM reported last week a second-quarter profit that beat Wall Street expectations, as U.S. sales of pickup trucks lifted North American results. And like Ford, GM said its European operations posted a narrower loss than expected. However, GM's overall profit fell 24%.
GM shares rose 2% to $36.59 Thursday morning.
Chrysler Group led off Thursday's slate of sales reports, saying its U.S. sales during the month of July jumped 11% amid demand for its Ram trucks and Dodge vehicles that offset weaker sales at the namesake brand.
Retail sales posted a higher gain of 17%, while Chrysler's results fell in-line with estimates from Edmunds.
Auburn Hills, Mich.-based Chrysler, the third-largest U.S. automaker, reported sales of 140,102 vehicles, up from 126,089 a year earlier but down from June's total of 156,686. It was Chrysler's 40th consecutive month of sales growth and best July performance since 2006.
Trucks sales rose 10%, led by 31% growth for the company's Ram division. Car sales were up 14%, as sales for the Dodge brand climbed 18%.
Jeep sales were up 1.7%, while the namesake Chrysler brand saw its sales drop 3.9%.
Chrysler has boosted its sales with new vehicles like the compact Dodge Dart, while the automaker is eyeing a second-half launch for the 2014 Jeep Grand Cherokee after delays in getting the sport-utility vehicle to showrooms.
"The second half is not doable without a proper launch of the Cherokee," Chrysler Chief Executive Sergio Marchionne said during a conference call Tuesday following the company's earnings report. "It's an absolute necessary condition for the achievement of the targets that we set for ourselves."
Chrysler reported a second-quarter net income that rose 16% to $507 million on strong demand for pickup trucks and SUVs, although the Big Three automaker did downgrade its full-year outlook slightly.
Also on Tuesday, Chrysler's Italian parent Fiat won a slight victory in its legal battle with VEBA, the United Auto Workers union retiree healthcare trust that owns the remaining 41.5% stake in Chrysler. A judge in a Delaware court ruled in Fiat's favor on a couple of key points but prolonged the case, saying testimony may be needed to fully resolve the dispute.
Fiat is seeking to purchase the remaining shares in Chrysler and has exercised options that would bring its ownership to 68.4%. It currently owns a 58.5% stake.
While Marchionne, who is also the CEO of Fiat, said earlier this week that the two sides were not close to a deal, an out-of-court agreement could be more likely after the partial victory for Fiat.


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JP @ Civic Centre Library, Thursday 4:00 PM - 6:00 PM
Playford Library Service
Thursday, 14 December 2017 from 4:30 pm to 6:30 pm (ACDT)
Event Details
The Justice of the Peace is located at the Civic Centre Library between 4:30 PM - 6:30 PM every Thursday excluding Public Holidays or when the library is closed.
All JPs are Volunteers and we recommend you call the Library on 8256 0334 at 4:30pm to confirm they are available for their shift.
The Justice of the Peace will be unavailable Thursday 9 November 2017
(No booking is required).
When & Where
City of Playford Civic Centre Library
10 Playford Boulevard
Thursday, 14 December 2017 from 4:30 pm to 6:30 pm (ACDT)
Add to my calendar


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Uh, oh. Senior Editor Dave Hirschman takes on his boss—Editor in Chief Tom Haines—in this discussion on which is the better airstrip: one with an air traffic control tower or one without.
By Thomas B. Haines
Towered GA airports have their place, but as infrequently as possible in my flight plans. It seems as if towers are a magnet for higher costs, a longer taxi, and a lot of hoopla.
Two examples: Many of my trips are up and down the East Coast. En route to Florida, I frequently stop for fuel in South Carolina. Florence is a terrific towered airport with an efficient line crew that I've visited many times over the years, but the sprawling airport has long taxi distances and posted fuel prices $1 a gallon more than Marion County Airport, a nontowered airport just 19 nm away. On a January trip I stopped at Marion County both directions because fuel was just $4.52 a gallon—the least expensive I could find anywhere in the region, and by a significant margin. Avgas at $4.50 isn't a bargain, but in a relative sense it is. The price has recently gone up, but the FBO maintains a similar price delta to other larger airports nearby. Marion County has no parallel taxiway, but it's not a concern because traffic is so light that I've never had to wait for landing traffic in order to backtaxi to the departure end of the field.
An alternative stop is a bit farther south at Hilton Head, a towered airport with competing FBOs, so you'd think you might get a break on the fuel prices. But no. The cheapest fuel at Hilton Head as of mid-February was $7.37, not including various fees if you don't take on enough go-juice. Or, you could stop 12 nm away at Beaufort County Airport and top off for $6.10 a gallon full service; fill it yourself and save another 15 cents a gallon. Like Marion County, Beaufort is a sleepy little single-runway field without a lot of additional services, but for me it always brings back memories of a family trip—a first long trip with our two then-little girls on board. We brought a picnic lunch and ate next to a palm tree—the first palm tree my girls had ever seen. Sure, Hilton Head is closer to the golf courses, and the FBOs gleam with marble and stainless, but when I'm just passing through I just feel like I'm in the way of the heavy iron at places like that.
There are plenty of other reasons to love small, nontowered airports where you can saunter up to airplanes and peek in the windows to compare avionics stacks, slip quickly in and out with only a couple of calls on the CTAF, and debate with the locals whether your pattern entry was "right" or not. At a towered airport, the guy (or gal) in the cab decides that for you. I learned to fly at a small nontowered airport and for me, all these decades later, that still feels about right. See you around the field.
By Dave Hirschman
The traffic pattern at my formerly nontowered home airport used to be a demolition derby.
VFR departures on Runway 05 would find themselves beak-to-beak with pilots practicing ILS approaches in the opposite direction; corporate jets had to find gaps between students practicing touch-and-goes and simulated engine-out approaches; and helicopters, gyrocopters, and gliders only added to the anarchy.
Now, an FAA contract tower has gone up at Frederick Municipal Airport and the new sheriffs have made order from chaos.
As expected, IFR flights are greatly simplified. Departure clearances are more quickly relayed via an airport ground control frequency (instead of a troublesome remote link to Potomac Clearance). Controllers cancel IFR flight plans upon landing, which avoids the tricky two-step of hurriedly cancelling IFR by radio at low altitude, on final approach, and sometimes barely clear of the clouds – all while listening for traffic on another frequency.
But the most surprising aspect of the new tower is how much better things work on VFR days and weekends. Instead of shoe-horning all VFR arrivals into a single pattern (that often stretched out to ridiculous proportions), now ATC splits arrivals into two streams: left- and right-downwind depending on the direction the airplanes are coming from.
Before the tower became operational, local flight instructors had been concerned their students wouldn't get enough takeoffs and landings. But in practice, the availability of both left- and right-hand patterns gives students more repetitions in the same amount of time, and helps students get comfortable flying circuits in both directions.
Even better from a student perspective is that they practice real-world ATC communications on every flight. And they aren't subject to the exasperating mush-mouths who used to monopolize the CTAF with their blathering about pizza joints, movies, their latest smart phones, ad nauseum.
My AOPA colleagues and I had worried that the tower would make some of our aerial photography assignments impossible to accomplish at our home field. Happily, tower controllers greatly simplify formation departures and arrivals, and they happily accommodate the multiple low approaches we sometimes require to get still photos and video of subject airplanes in the airport environment.
If you give the controllers a quick preflight telephone call to let them know what you'd like to do (or maybe a box of donuts if your request is extravagant), they'll just about always say yes.
Sure, it can be frustrating when a tower controller tells us to hold short when there's a trainer with the flaps down on a one-mile final and a 20-knot headwind, and we know we could safely scoot out on the runway and be long gone in plenty of time to avoid a conflict.
But it's a small sacrifice because on the whole, whether flying VFR or IFR, things are way better than they used to be.


text: She is a wandering soul with a heart of gold. Her modern bohéme lifestyle is inspired by the beautiful and timeless pieces she collects along the way. She seeks the vibrant colors of the Earth, the salty ocean air and the warm sun rays on her face. TULAROSA encapsulates a style that is free-spirited, effortless and full of love.


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Mia tired of watching TV in bed. She decided to record a video of sex with his dog. She helped her husband, who filed a member of the dog. He stimulated the dog's penis with his mouth. Once a member of the dog rose, dog climbed on the mistress and began to fuck her hard. A girl screaming with delight. Then a member of the dog accidentally got into the anus and she liked it even more. But this has the following story. We recommend you to see the entire collection of bestiality porn videos, who starred Mia with her husband.
Anna and Ely bring home big dog Fucker. Then they learn what doggie sex is all about.


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Recipe: Quick and Easy Homemade Taquitos
We have a serious soft spot for taquitos or rolled tacos. There's just something about their extra crunchy ends and tender meat filling with that little burst of spice and lime that gets us every time. They freeze well and are the perfect cure for late night munchies, hang overs, quick lunches and simple dinners.
These taquitos can be prepared ahead of time and frozen in air tight containers for easy reheating. We've found that 1 minute works best for 2 taquitos, but you'll have to test it out with your own microwaves in case there's a difference in power. Grab a few before work and they'll be thawed by lunch or pick up a few as you sit down to watch your DVR after a long days work. There just isn't a bad time!
Although the recipe seems labor intensive, it's really not as you'll only be spending 15 minutes (or less!) hands on, with each stage of the process. Here's how to make it all happen…
Homemade Taquitos
yields 30-45 taquitos
1 Bone In Pork Shoulder
8 ounces Chicken Stock
2 Red Onions, quartered (optional)
30 Fresh Corn Tortillas (yes you can use flour, no it won't be as tasty)
2 cups Cotija Cheese
4 cups Peanut Oil
Salsa Ingredients
1 Bunch Cilantro
6 Tomatillos
6 Cloves Crushed Garlic
Salt and Pepper To Taste
1/2 cup lime juice
Rub Ingredients (optional)
2 teaspoon All Spice
1 teaspoon black pepper
1 1/2 teaspoon dried Oregano (Mexican if you have it)
3 tablespoons Cider Vinegar
6 cloves garlic
1 hatch chili, roasted and finely diced
1/4 cup brown sugar
Combine cilantro, tomatillos, garlic and lime juice in a blender and combine. Add salt and pepper to taste. It should be a little strong as the taste will lessen when applied to the meat later on. Combine rub ingredients (if desired) and make into a paste (blender or the back side of your knife against a cutting board). Apply rub to meat and place in crock pot (with onions if you wish) and 8oz chicken stock on high until the meat pulls off the bone, roughly 6 hours. (You can also roast this in the oven at 325 for give or take 3 hours). Once cooled, shred meat (plus onions) and pour the salsa over the top, stir to combine. Let sit overnight in the refrigerator to soak up all the delicious juices!
Bring peanut oil to 350 degrees Fahrenheit in the bottom of a thick bottomed, high sided pan. You will need approximately 2.5 inches of oil, enough to come 80% of the way up the taquito when placed into the oil. Adjust your oil amount as needed to fit your chosen pan. To assemble, simply place 3-4 tablespoons of meat into the middle of a tortilla. Wrap one side over and tuck under edge of filling. Finish rolling and place against other taquitos on a plate to wait for a bath in the fryer. Lower taquitos into pan with tongs and hold closed until shell is set. Flip after 2 minutes until all sides are golden brown. Remove from oil, drain excess grease and place on a paper towel covered plate. Immediately roll into Cotija cheese and place on a plate or cookie sheet to cool.
They will keep for 1 week in the refrigerator, 6 months if frozen, just make sure to keep them in an air tight container no matter where they end up and your end result will always be delicious!
(Image: Sarah Rae Trover)


text:
Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Livelihoods
Posted on 16 June 2010
An anthropological approach toward community-based custody and valuation of local resources in the context of marine turtle conservation in Costa Rica.This project aimed to put to test a proposal to link marine turtle conservation with coastal community development as laid out in "Livelihoods, Community Well-Being, and Species Conservation" by Montoya and Drews (2006).
By employing a participatory action research methodology that drew upon the Community Capitals and the Fundamental Human Needs frameworks in Playa Junquillal, one of the most important nesting sites on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica of the critically endangered leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea), we hoped to help establish the conditions that would permit the development of a Community Livelihood Improvement Program (CLIP) leading to sustained marine turtle protection and improved community well-being as initiatives in the hands of the local community.
In a much less linear, more chaotic and more organic fashion, the diverse products of our project began to show signs of being incorporated into a community livelihood improvement "process" rather than the more rigidly conceived "program".
Cite this document as:
Montoya-Greenheck, F. 2009. Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Livelihoods. An anthropological approach toward community-based custody and valuation of local resources in the context of marine turtle conservation in Costa Rica. WWF Marine and Species Program for Latin America and the Caribbean. WWF, San José, Costa Rica.


text: Pork to Rise in Japan as Deadly Virus Hits Largest Producers April 7, 2014 06:18 AM Tweet TAGS: Marketing, Overseas December 18, 2014 By Bloomberg Email The most deadly outbreak of a hog virus in 18 years in Japan is raising pork prices and may boost imports from the biggest buyer, supporting a record rally in Chicago. The Agriculture Ministry has discovered 186,825 cases of porcine epidemic diarrhea in 251 farms in 19 prefectures since it confirmed the latest outbreak of the contagious disease in October. As many as 39,285 pigs have died, the highest number of fatalities since 1996, Tomoyuki Takeshita at the ministry's animal health division, said today. The U.S., Canada, South Korea and Taiwan have also reported outbreaks. More than 5,000 cases have been reported in the U.S., according to the National Animal Health Laboratory Network. American pork production may drop by the most in three decades this year, Rabobank International estimates. Futures climbed 49 percent last quarter, the biggest rally in 15 years, as the virus threatened U.S. production. "The disease will start having an impact on pork supply from around June as it spread to Kagoshima and Miyazaki prefectures in December, and pigs become ready for slaughter after six months," said Akio Tamai, a pork and beef markets researcher at Agriculture & Livestock Industries Corp. in Tokyo. Hog futures for June settlement gained 0.2 percent to $1.208 a pound at 9:50 a.m. on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Prices reached a record $1.33425 March 18. The virus has increased costs for hog-farm operators such as Smithfield Foods Inc. and Maschhoffs LCC. Wholesale prices of pork carcasses traded on markets across Japan jumped 17 percent to 484 yen a kilogram ($2.13 a pound) on average in February from a year earlier, data compiled by the ministry showed. Prices in Tokyo gained 2.2 percent to 519 yen a kilogram on average on April 4 from a day earlier. Meat Packers Prices in Japan will probably extend gains for the next six months, boosting costs for meat processors including Nippon Meat Packers Inc., as the piglet-killing illness shows no signs of abating and will worsen a seasonal decrease in supply during summer, according to Agriculture & Livestock Industries Corp. Kagoshima is Japan's biggest pork-producing prefecture, representing 14 percent of the total Japanese herd. Miyazaki is the second-largest producer with 8.7 percent share, according to the ministry. The first case in the current outbreak was found in the southern island of Okinawa on Oct. 1. Kagoshima has confirmed 153,000 cases of the disease, or 82 percent of the total. Pork Imports "Japanese demand may shift to imported meat because of an outbreak of the disease," said Makiko Tsugata, an analyst at Market Risk Advisory Co., a researcher in Tokyo. Japan is the world's largest importer of pork, buying 1.24 million tons last year, representing 18 percent of global purchases, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The U.S. is the biggest exporter with 2.29 million tons in 2013. The ministry called an emergency meeting of prefectural officials in charge of animal health and disease control on April 2 as the number of infected farms jumped in March. The virus may be spread by people amid transportation of feed, or by animals during their shipments to meat markets, Takeshita said. The ministry expects 4.1 million pigs will be shipped from farms across Japan for slaughter for meat in the three months through June 30, down 1 percent from a year earlier. The disease may reduce actual shipments by about 1 percent, Tamai said. Back to news


text:
This web-log calls for the repeal of the 17th Amendment and addresses the hegemony committed by the US Senate. The first significant step to remove the domination and unmistakable corruption deriving from the National Government and the restoration of the Federal is to repeal the 17th Amendment. Americans should fear the steady hegemonic growth by the Senate oligarchy because the US Constitution cannot be spoiled by bombs, the courts, or the President, but only through malevolent legislation.
Tuesday, July 14, 2009
States Push Back
Hat tip: Tenth Amendment Center
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text:
Bear Mountain Boat Shop
We like to help people build their own woodstrip canoes, kayaks and small boats. Along with Ted's books "Canoecraft", "Kayakcraft" and "Kayaks You Can Build" we offer quality building materials, plans, classes and advice to home builders. Restoration work and new construction keeps our small shop busy. Our C4 and C15 wooden sprint racing canoes are used by 65 clubs across Canada in our country's oldest organized sport.The Bear Mountain builders forum is monitored by WCHA member Glen Smith. Our catalogue contains 24 designs for woodstrip boats. People interested in the history of the board canoe might like to read Ted's chapter "The Canoe" - all the contributing authors donated their expertise and royalties and profits from the book go to the Canadian Canoe Museum. Spring of 2009 we will unveil our rendition of a fantail launch designed to cruise the inland waterways - graceful, historically evocative, the 30 ft boat uses modern construction and electric/solar technology.


text:
I am requesting assistance with translating the following vital record documents:
- Document #1: Record 113
- Document #2: Record 904
- Document#3: Record 364
- Document #4: Record 218
- Document #5: Record 37
Carol Blackman Weinberg
marriage - 23 april/29 nissan, ketubah at 60 rubles
groom: aged 70(?), widower Shim?el Berk'ov-Yankel'ev LISIZKI from Zelvyansk of Valkovskiy Uyezd
bride: aged 46, divorced, Rivka Leim'ova MIKLAJSKI(?), from Orlyansk
birth - 12/19 december 11/18 tebet 1898, in Bialystok, son of Ta(bres?) Yavel'evich MIKLAJSKI and Hana Pinhas'ovna, named Yael?
death - 9 october/21 tishri(?), male, aged 2 years 4 months, inflammation of kidneys, baby of Caley? Tobres'ovich MIKLAJSKI, named Or??
birth - 5 june or jule/8 tamuz? 1888, in Orlyansk?, son of Tobres? Jovel'evich? MIKLAJSKI and Hana Pinhas'ovna, named Morduh
birth - 16/23 january 13/20 shevat 1896, in Bialystok, son of To?res Jovel'evich MIKLAJSKI from Orlyansk? and Hana Pinhas'ovna, named Abram
Friendly Yours, Kazinova Ekaterina
Dear Ekaterina
Thank you so much for translating these documents. I am very grateful for your help.
My Name is Efraim Miklatzky and I live in Israel . My father name is Joel and he was born in a small town by the name Michalowo 20 miles from Bialystok on 1919. Since my elder son work on a genealogy tree I have started digging and I believe that we are probably far relatives. Since I am looking for the origins of my family I would appreciate if you contact me at firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
The Arbor Day Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit conservation and education organization. A million members, donors, and partners support our programs to make our world greener and healthier.
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Zones 7-9
The Arizona Cypress can be expected to grow
in the zones listed. More information can be found on the arborday.org
zone map.
Click to view map
The Arizona Cypress falls into the following type(s): N/A
The Arizona Cypress grows to be 40' to 50' feet in height.
The Arizona Cypress has a spread of about 25' to 30' at full maturity.
This tree grows at a Medium growth rate.
The Arizona Cypress does well in Full exposure(s).
The Arizona Cypress grows in Acidic, Alkaline, Drought Tolerant, Loamy, Sandy, Well Drained, Wide Range soils.
The Arizona Cypress has a(n) Pyramidal shape.
The Arizona Cypress tree is exceptionally tolerant of hot, dry conditions. This makes it an excellent tree for its native habitat, the southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. In these locales it makes an good windbreak, and it is also widely used for soil erosion planting. It is grown as a Christmas tree and used in the landscape as an ornamental.
The seeds of the Arizona Cypress are consumed by squirrels, ground squirrels, and other rodents.
The Arizona Cypress is a native of interior Mexico extending into the southwestern United States where it is the only native cypress. For a major species it was discovered by Euro-Americans rather recently in history. Credit for the discovery goes to E. L. Greene, who made the find in the 1880s.
While authorities do not agree on the taxonomy of the Arizona cypress, two varieties are often listed. Cypressus arizonica var. arizonica has thick, fibrous, coarsely shedding, gray brown bark, dull gray-green needles with no resinous exudations. Cypressus arizonica var. glabra has smooth bark exfoliating in papery layers of purple to red, bright blue-green needles with resin glands.
Normal moisture requirements, but with good drought tolerance.
The leaves are gray-green and scale-like, closely overlapping each other and encircling the branchlets.
Flowers are inconspicuous in the spring. Male is pale yellow-green color, female is light green.
The fruit is a 3/4"-1" long, 1"-1 1/4" wide, dark reddish brown cone. Cones mature at the end of the second year but persist on the tree for many years.
As the name suggests, this heat- and drought-tolerant cypress is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. While it has a limited reach in terms of Hardiness Zones, the Arizona cypress is an excellent choice for windbreaks, erosion control, and landscape ornamentals.
Each tree and plant is guaranteed to grow, or we'll replace it within one year of shipment.
Our trees are delivered with natural bare roots which have been dipped in hydrating gel prior to shipment to keep the roots moist and healthy. As their abundant, fibrous roots aren't confined by a container, bare-root trees get off to a more vigorous start compared to containerized roots which typically need more time to adjust to transplanting. Bare-root trees typically surpass the size of larger containerized trees in only a few years.
Potted (also called containerized) trees are shipped in 4" containers. Because the roots are packed in soil, the trees don't
need to be dormant for shipping. Benefits to potted trees include:
Natural root (also called bare root) trees are shipped without soil around their roots. They are shipped when dormant in the spring and fall seasons. We dip the roots in a hydrating gel to keep them moist during shipping. Some advantages of natural root trees:
The Urban Horticulture Institute at Cornell University has an interesting article about the benefits of planting natural root trees. Look for the PDF entitled Creating the Urban Forest: The Bare Root Method
Plugged trees are grown in a soil plug. While not shipped in a pot, these trees do have soil around the roots. Benefits of this type of tree include:
If you have questions, please call (888) 448-7337 or E-mail Member Services.


text:
be_ixf; php_sdk; php_sdk_1.4.15
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iy_2019; im_01; id_24; ih_03; imh_38; i_epoch:1548329910031
ixf-compiler; ixf-compiler_126.96.36.199
py_2019; pm_01; pd_23; ph_15; pmh_14; p_epoch:1548285284167
bec-built-in; bec-built-in_1.0.1; bodystr
pn_tstr:Thu Jan 24 03:38:30 PST 2019; pn_epoch:1548329910031
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text:
WSHH Viewers & Gang Members Call D-Loc With Threats After He Gave Snoop Dog A 24hr Warning! [Hood Vision Submitted]
"No word from Snoop!! Bloods and Crips Upset nation wide . Gang Bangers call Dloc with Threats . Dope Man atempts to keep peace in hood" - Hood Vision
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text:
Hello there fellows,
a few weeks ago I came up with my own hashing algorithm and I could use some feedback. It was made in 2 hours in Python.
It is available on GitHub.
There is a good explanation of how it works. If anyone can look at it and analyze it, it would be good.
Report all collisions and suggest corrections. Thanks.


text:
I found nothing interesting about this year's award show…
besides the White Carpet.
I sat and tired to figure out why, white? Why did they decided to have a white carpet instead of a red one?
There probably was no reason for it besides a simple twist for fashion, even though Labor Day was last weekend.
The White Carpet screamed at me.
I mean some of the madness that I was watching… you had to be on some white.
Taylor Swift had to be on drugs to sing that sneak diss about Yeezy.
Usher had to be on drugs to sing live while doing those aerobics he called choreography.
Lady Gaga is on drugs.
Pusha T sells them, apparently (eugggghk!).
I don't know.
The White Carpet screamed an underlying symbol for the presence of mind altering substances at this year's VMA's.
Who said the 80's was dead?


text:
Montel Williams! "I'll Be Smoking Weed Until The Day I Die"
"Montel Williams, who suffers from MS, is making rounds in New York trying to legalize medical marijuana in the state." - CNN
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text:
Disk cloning
zh-CN:Disk cloning Disk cloning is the process of making an image of a partition or of an entire hard drive. This can be useful for copying the drive to other computers and for backup and recovery purposes.
- 1 Using dd
- 2 Using cp
- 3 Disk cloning software
- 4 External Links
Using dd
The dd command is a simple, yet versatile and powerful tool. It can be used to copy from source to destination, block-by-block, regardless of their filesystem types or operating systems. A convenient method is to use dd from a live environment, as in a Live CD.
if=) and output file (
of=) and do not reverse them! Always ensure that the destination drive or partition (
of=) is of equal or greater size than the source (
Cloning a partition
From physical disk
/dev/sda, partition 1, to physical disk
/dev/sdb, partition 1.
# dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=512 conv=noerror,sync
of= (
sdb1 in the example) does not exist, dd will create a file with this name and will start filling up your root file system!
Cloning an entire hard disk
From physical disk
/dev/sdX to physical disk
# dd if=/dev/sdX of=/dev/sdY bs=512 conv=noerror,sync
This will clone the entire drive, including the MBR (and therefore bootloader), all partitions, UUIDs, and data.
noerrorinstructs dd to continue operation, ignoring all read errors. Default behavior for dd is to halt at any error.
syncfills input blocks with zeroes if there were any read errors, so data offsets stay in sync.
bs=512sets the block size to 512 bytes, the "classic" block size for hard drives. If and only if your hard drives have a 4 Kib block size, you may use "4096" instead of "512". Also, please read the warning below, because there is more to this than just "block sizes" -it also influences how read errors propagate.
The dd utility technically has an "input block size" (IBS) and an "output block size" (OBS). When you set
bs, you effectively set both IBS and OBS. Normally, if your block size is, say, 1 Mib, dd will read 1024*1024 bytes and write as many bytes. But if a read error occurs, things will go wrong. Many people seem to think that dd will "fill up read errors with zeroes" if you use the
noerror,sync options, but this is not what happens. dd will, according to documentation, fill up the OBS to IBS size after completing its read, which means adding zeroes at the end of the block. This means, for a disk, that effectively the whole 1 Mib would become messed up because of a single 512 byte read error in the beginning of the read: 12ERROR89 would become 128900000 instead of 120000089.
If you are positive that your disk does not contain any errors, you could proceed using a larger block size, which will increase the speed of your copying several fold. For example, changing bs from 512 to 64 Ki changed copying speed from 35 MB/s to 120 MB/s on a simple Celeron 2.7 GHz system. But keep in mind that read errors on the source disk will end up as block errors on the destination disk, i.e. a single 512-byte read error will mess up the whole 64 Kib output block.
USR1 signal.
pidof dd will tell you the PID of dd, then you can use
kill -USR1 on that PID:
kill -USR1 $(pidof dd).
- To regain unique UUIDs of an ext2/3/4 filesystem, use
tune2fs /dev/sdXY -U randomon every partition.
- Partition table changes from dd are not registered by the kernel. To notify of changes without rebooting, use a utility like partprobe (part of GNU parted).
Backing up the MBR
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:
- The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.
- The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).
- The last 2 bytes contain an identifier
To save the MBR as
# dd if=/dev/sdX of=/path/to/mbr_file.img bs=512 count=1
To restore (be careful: this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):
# dd if=/path/to/mbr_file.img of=/dev/sdX
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR:
# dd if=/path/to/mbr_file.img of=/dev/sdX bs=446 count=1
To restore only the partition table, one must use:
# dd if=/path/to/mbr_file.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1 skip=446 count=64
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image:
# dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/path/to/mbr_file.img bs=512 count=1
Create disk image
1. Boot from a live media.
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.
3. Mount the external HD
4. Backup the drive.
# dd if=/dev/sdX conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /path/to/backup.img.gz
If necessary (e.g. when the format of the external HD is FAT32) split the disk image in volumes (see also the split man pages).
# dd if=/dev/sdX conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c | split -a3 -b2G - /path/to/backup.img.gz
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size.
# fdisk -l /dev/sdX > /path/to/list_fdisk.info
bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example,
bs=8192K works for an 8 MiB cache. The 64 Kib mentioned in this article is better than the default
bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger
Restore system
To restore your system:
# gunzip -c /path/to/backup.img.gz | dd of=/dev/sdX
When the image has been split, use the following instead:
# cat /path/to/backup.img.gz* | gunzip -c | dd of=/dev/sdX
Examples with compression
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from stdout and the dd command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the mount command but it is useful to know how to create and restore them.
Install the xz package from the official repositories.
# dd if=/dev/sdXY | xz > image-file.xz
# xzcat image-file.xz | dd of=/dev/sdXY
Install the p7zip package from the official repositories. This backup example will split the dd command output in the files by up to 100 mebibyte each:
# dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7zr a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z
Restore with 7zip:
# 7zr x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY
Install the zip package from the official repositories, which contains zipsplit among other utilities for the management of zip archives. It will create a file named
- inside the
image-file.zip file which will contain data from the dd command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the
-cp option with
unzip in stdout for the dd command.
# dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip -
# unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY
The zip tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the zipsplit utility on an already-created file.
See also
man zip for more information.
Install the rarAUR and unrar packages from the AUR.
This backs up on the fly:
# dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -sisdXY image-file.rar
image-file.rar will contain, if opened using file-roller, for instance, a single file named
-v, which serves to chunk the resulting archive, cannot be used in combination with
-si, according to the documentation.
This restores:
# unrar p -ierr image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY
-ierr prevents unrar's stdout from being prefixed and suffixed with unrar's comments. You could instead use
-inul, which omits the comments entirely.
You could also use rar instead of the unrar utility.
Creation by using dd is safer:
# dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2
937016+0 records in 937016+0 records out 479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s
And a safe way of restoring with combination of dd:
# bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY
# bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY
bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY and
bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2 methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due to the end of the device or partition and the restore process also gives errors due the truncated end.
Using cp
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same as or different from the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.
-a switch, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:
- Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.
- Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:
# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdXY
- Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:
# mount -t ext3 /dev/sdXY /mnt/source # mount -t ext3 /dev/sdZY /mnt/destination
- Copy the files from the source partition to the destination:
# cp -a /path/to/source/* /path/to/destination
-a: preserve all attributes, never follow symbolic links and copy recursively
- Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in
- Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See GRUB)
Disk cloning software
Disk cloning in Arch
- Partclone provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32), exfat. Optionally, an ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.
- Partimage, an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.
Disk cloning outside of Arch
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:
- PartedMagic has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.
- Mindi is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.
- Acronis True Image is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After registration of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux-based Live CD and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows-based live CD. It can also create a WinPE Live CD based on Windows. The created ISO Live CD image by Acronis doesn't have the hybrid boot ability and cannot be written to USB storage as a raw file.
- FSArchiver allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the System Rescue CD.
- Clonezilla is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions. Clonezilla is included on the Arch Linux installation media.
- Redo Backup and Recovery is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.


text:
A woman is suing a Westchester surgeon for "severe emotional distress" following an operation, while she was fully cognizant, where the doctor spoke of blurred vision and having diabetes during a cell phone conversation.
Mary Edwards of Port Chester has filed a lawsuit against Dr. Eric Fishman and Westmed Medical Group after undergoing a pair of surgeries to fix a varicose vein, during the second of which, he had a conversation over an unsterilized phone and allegedly took a Spanish proficiency examination, according to a lawsuit filed in state Supreme Court.
During the first surgery on April 21, it is alleged that Edwards was under local anesthesia, but cognizant during the operation. During that surgery, the lawsuit alleges that another individual came into the room to discuss a different patient.
"Even though the other person said that Dr. Fishman appeared busy and would talk to him later, Dr. Fishman said he could talk to the other person about another patient during the operation," the lawsuit says.
According to the lawsuit, Fishman told Edwards that she would require a follow-up surgery, which was to be conducted on Sept. 29. During that operation - which was slated to last between 30 and 35 minutes - Fishman allegedly commenced a conversation on a cell phone while Edwards was again under a local anesthesia, but cognizant.
According to the lawsuit, during that conversation, Fishman spoke in both Spanish and English - which Edwards is fluent in. Fishman allegedly spoke about female breast milk, stated that he experienced night sweats, has diabetes and suffered from blurred vision.
"During the course of the operation and hearing the conversation that Dr. Fishman had over the cellular phone, Edwards suffered great panic and emotional distress," according to Edwards' lawyer, Mitchell Baker.
Following the second surgery, the lawsuit says that Fishman admitted to Edwards that he was taking a Spanish language proficiency exam to become certified and treat his other patients.
After the the operation, Fishman said he was taking a language proficiency examination so he could become certified in the Spanish language. He allegedly stated that the only time he could take the exam was at the time of the operation.
The lawsuit alleges that Fishman violated one or more recommendations from the American College of Surgeons regarding distractions in the operating room and recommended usage of cellphones in an operating room. It is further alleged that Fishman and two Westmed officials acknowledged that the surgeon operated inappropriately.
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