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For many Hispanic families, keeping fuel prices low isn't just about protecting our pocketbooks – it's about making ends meet. Washington State has the third highest gas prices in the country, just after Hawaii and California. A big part of this cost can be attributed to state fuel taxes which, at 49.4 cents per gallon, are the second highest in the country.
Squaring fuel costs with the average income of a Hispanic family is where the rubber meets the road, so to speak. The average Hispanic household in Washington has an annual income of $42,300. That's almost $20,000 less than the average Non-Hispanic White family, which brings in $62,100 per year. As the cost of living increases, many families must spend nearly all their income just to get by, with little left over for savings. When fuel costs go up, more and more families are forced to make tough choices.
For some, especially in the affluent downtowns and suburbs of Western Washington, increases in fuel costs may mean one less dinner out per month. But many regular families have fewer options when it comes to cutting back.
For those with long commutes, living outside urban centers, driving less is not an option. And we all know public transit is spotty at best across the state. When fuel costs go up, driving doesn't go down, the cost just becomes a greater burden.
The Center for Latino Leadership is working to increase awareness of policies and other factors that can increase the cost of fuel. Join us in supporting access to affordable fuel by signing the petition at Affordable Fuel Washington.


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The Tonal Scrawl Unstructured Slider is distinguished by its special simplicity, and a continuously adjustable belt is used to regulate the width.
The slightly different skateboards company. Welcome was started as a creative outlet for a group of friends. Instead of focusing on cool graphics they focus on the quality, shape, and feel of their boards. Instead of building a team, they built a family that makes you want to grab your board and head out on an adventure whenever you see them skate.

subset: commoncrawl


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Stefanie Jones
Stefanie Jones is a fashion and style expert. As a presenter and producer, she is the face of Fashion One Television, which operates 11 feeds reaching over 120 million viewers across the globe in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Africa and South America, airing on networks including SKY, CNS, Telenet and Belgacom.
Stefanie presents her own radio show FASHCAST on London's coolest radio station, Hoxton Radio every Friday from 11:00. Tune in to get the week's hottest tracks and celebrity insider fashion gossip. Stef live stream's the show via Facebook, search Stefanie Rycraft Jones to join in on social.
For both Fashion One Television and Fashcast, she has worked with a wealth of famous fashion insiders and Hollywood A-listers including Anna Wintour, Paul Smith, Mary Katrantzou, Jourdan Dunn, Olivia Palermo, Kate Hudson, Tinie Tempah, Labrinth and Paloma Faith.


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Featured Contribution
Upside Down Mezuzah
Photograph of an upside down mezuzah in the doorway of a damaged house. It was taken by Jayne Guberman, Director of Oral History at the Jewish Women's Archive on May 9, 2006 in New Orleans.
- Tags:
- jayne guberman,
- mezuzah
Recent Objects
UJC Katrina Mission Feb 13-16 2006
Detailed report by Terry Holzman on a UJC Mission to Houston, Baton Rouge, and New Orleans in February 2006.
- Tags:
- carol smokler,
- terry holzman,
- ujc,
- ujc katrina mission
Hurricane Katrina Evacuation Story of Helen Zerlin Sperling
This is the story of my mother Helen Zerlin Sperling's evacuation from New Orleans on August 29th, 2005 and going forward until the time we recorded it. It is submitted by me, her daughter, Janet Zerlin Fagan of Newton, MA, originally a native of New Orleans, on July 30, 2008.
Spring Planting Will be at HOME This Year
Please find attached a creative and spiritual update I wrote on our recovery from the Federal Flooding following Hurricane Katrina. We will finally be living in a new house soon, after over two and a half years of waiting.
Biggest Impression
Lynne Himelstein wrote these reflections after attending a National Women's Philanthropy board meeting in New Orleans in January of 2008.
Bobbie Higer reflects on a volunteer mission to New Orleans with a group from UJC's National Young Leadership Cabinet in April of 2006, as well as a more recent trip when UJC's National Women's Philanthropy held their Board meetings in New Orleans in January of 2008.


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Zindagi Ki Mahek 13th September 2017 Written Episode Update Twist Future story of Zindagi Ki Mahek. Spoilers & latest News/Update on TellySerialUpdates.com
The serial starts with the scene in which Jeevan is also coming there in Khurana Mansion where Shaurya is taking Mahek's signatures. He shouts and says to Kanta that you are considering Mahek as your daughter and here you are spoiling her life by supporting her. Kanta and Mahek are breaking down. Mahek says that we have to pay more for this plan. Mahek is crying a lot and then says to Kanta Chachi that you don't worry, everything will be getting alright soon. Kanta chachi is getting upset and then goes inside without to say any single word.
Zindagi Ki Mahek 13th September 2017 Written Episode Update
Mahek reads out the note which was written by the Shaurya for her in which he says that I am getting so much sure that you can understand that why am I taking this step. Mahek does her signatures on the papers whereas she is upset from somewhere. Here Karona is getting so much upset to see all of this. Shaurya is trying to make her understand the situation.
Also read: Zindagi Ki Mahek 14th September 2017 written update
Zindagi Ki Mahek 13th September 2017 Written Episode Update
Here Ajay is getting romantic and he does so much decoration there. He proposes Mahek by saying that Will you marry me? Mahek is getting shocked and she is getting tensed to see this situation too. She makes a call to Shaurya and tells her everything about Ajay's proposal. Shaurya makes a promise to Mahek that I will finish within two days. Mahek gets to relax.


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Curley "Boo" Johnson told his story to about 600 people at the Peoria Civic Center Friday morning. The occasion was the Heart of Illinois United Way kickoff breakfast with Johnson providing the post-breakfast pep talk before volunteers hit the streets to help raise money for the charity once known as the Community Chest.
Johnson, 46, simply told the story about growing up in Peoria, following in the footsteps of his father, a noted athlete in Chicago who starred for Bradley University in the 1950s and later played very briefly for the Harlem Globetrotters, who returned to Peoria to serve as Bradley's director of security in the late 1960s. As a youngster, Johnson told how impressed he was with the Globetrotters when they visited Peoria his home during visits to Peoria for engagements at the Field House.
To hear Johnson tell it, he loved playing basketball but was the flashy, showboat type, a hot dog, "uncoachable," he said. While flashy, he was no high school star, said Johnson. After playing on the freshman and sophomore teams, a coach at Peoria High School told him he wasn't likely to make the varsity team. But Curley worked at it, practicing fiercely to improve his game.
A summer of non-stop training worked his game into shape, said Johnson, drawing laughs when he recalled that Central coach Chuck Buescher told him he was going to be an asset to the team. "That's exactly right. My ass set right on the bench," he said.
Johnson averaged a little over four points a game in his high school career so college coaches weren't exactly clamoring for his services. But, once again, Johnson applied himself, practicing relentlessly over the summer with BU greats J.J. Anderson and David Thirdkill, both NBA pros. "The best basketball players in the city played every day at 3:30 in the afternoon at Haussler Hall (on the Bradley campus)," he said.
The opportunity to play in a semi-pro summer league gave the 17-year-old Johnson the opportunity he needed to showcase his newly acquired skills. He even impressed his father who was unaware of his son's development as a player. After shining in several summer league games, Johnson was offered a chance to play in Spoon River College in Canton. After that it was on to little Loras College in Iowa, not exactly your basketball powerhouse.
But he was a player and a confident one. He earned a shot to play with the Harlem Globetrotters, the world's most famous basketball team, where he spent the next 18 years as the magical playmaker, the dribbling ace. Johnson was retired in 2007, he noted, making it clear that he would have stayed on the team if he could.
After visiting 81 countries including visits with the Pope, Mother Theresa and Nelson Mandela, Johnson said it was time to give back — to the community where he grew up. While he lives now in Scottsdale, Ariz., Johnson will always have a home in Peoria where "all his values, truths and beliefs were formulated." "I'm still Boo," he told the crowd and no one doubted it for a minute.


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Workplace Fatalities
On the fishing docks of New England, almost everyone knows a fisherman who died at sea.
Joe Neves, a boat captain for over 30 years, remembers when one of his crew was knocked overboard. "We heard him screaming 'Help me!' " Neves recalls, looking at his shoes. "But you know, on the water at night, your head is like a little coconut." The crew never found him.
Another man on the docks, Mike Gallagher, found a friend who was wrapped up in still-running hydraulics. "I knew right away he was dead," he says. Meanwhile, Fred Mattera was fishing off the coast of Cape Cod when the 20-year-old son of his long-time friend died from inhaling poisonous fumes. "That was a brutal week in this port," he says.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics identifies commercial fishing as the deadliest job in America. And despite the fact that the hit reality TV show, The Deadliest Catch, focuses overwhelmingly on Alaskan crab fishermen, the most dangerous fishery in North America is actually located in the Northeast. Between 2000 and 2009, the odds of being killed on the job while working the groundfish fishery (cod and haddock) were 37 times higher that odds of workplace fatalities for police officers.
A report by the National Institute for Health and Safety (NIHS) shows that 70% of those fatalities – and those in the second-deadliest fishery, Atlantic scallops – occurred dues to accidents like a vessel catching fire, capsizing or sinking. The other deaths resulted from injuries on deck or from workers falling overboard — which is often caused by heavy overhead equipment. Of those who fell overboard and drowned, not one was wearing a life jacket.
A study by the Center for Public Integrity discovered that despite earning the notorious distinction of America's deadliest job, commercial fishing operates in a cultural tradition and regulatory environment that consistently skirts regulation and safety measures.
Workplace Injury & Fatality
Despite the strikingly high fatality rate in the fishing industry, reform measures have taken decades to come to fruition. In 1988, Congress passed a law requiring fishing vessels to carry lifeboats, personal flotation devices and other workplace safety equipment. But while the Coast Guard requires regular inspections and proof of "seaworthiness" from passenger ferries and other commercial vessels, fishing boats are not required to undergo inspection.
Jack Kemerer, supervisor of the U.S. Coast Guard fishing division, explains that "We've … requested authority to do inspections on vessels," but Congress did not include that power. "I can't answer why or why not," Kemerer says. "But, you know, it's not that we haven't asked for it in the past."
Most fishermen resist being supervised, and a significant number harbor a fatalistic outlook on their life at sea. New England fishermen used to wear steel-toed boots, regarding it better to drown quickly if they fell into the freezing Atlantic. Others maintain a rugged individualism and consider themselves to be the last "cowboys" on the ocean.
Captain Bill Amaru owns one of the last cod-fishing boats in Chathams, a small port near Cape Cod. He says he resists regulation because he's tired of "so much federal 'nanny state,' kind of telling us how to operate — when I think I have a pretty good understanding of what I need to do to keep safe." Unfortunately, however, Amaru is not only taking his own life in his hands – he's also responsible for others, at workers compensation attorneys point out.
Some, however, take a different view. After Fred Mattera tried to save the 20-year-old son of his friend when his boat was overtaken by poisonous fumes, he realized that nobody knew exactly what steps to take to help the fellow workers. The radio was no help, either.
"What I heard there was this hodgepodge [of] try this, try that," Mattera remembers. "And nobody knew for certain." Mattera told his friend he would make something good out of that tragic loss of life. "I just said, I promise you, we need to change the culture. We will make this a safer industry."
The experience transformed Mattera into a safety advocate. Last month, he helped the crews of several fishing boats organize an exercise to prevent work injury and respond to disaster training and falling-overboard exercises.
Workplace Safety Drills
In one drill, members of the fishing crew scramble into bright orange water survival suits. Insulated and buoyant, the suits envelop individuals from head to foot, with only their faces sticking out exposed. The group then practicing "abandoning ship" in the case of a fire or capsized boat. Participants jump off the boat into the dockside water. Even in these calm conditions, wearing the suit feels claustrophobic, and many thrash around until they get accustomed to the gear and regain their bearings. "Get your panic out now!" Fred Matter yells from the dock. The immersion suits are built to keep crew-members alive and afloat in the freezing Atlantic waters until they are rescued.
Mattera instructs them to link up with each other and paddle as a single unite to a life raft, where they help each other climb in.
When the exercise is done, the crew is exhausted. Boat captain Norbert Stamps was shocked by how difficult the exercise was. As he explains the training, "You jump in, you kind of realize that this isn't fun and games. This is real serious stuff. And you gotta practice, and you gotta know what to expect." Mike Gallagher, another member of the same fishing crew, has noticed that trainings are incresingly common. "To be honest with you," he says, "the safety thing hasn't really been paid much attention to until the past several years. Really, it's been overlooked."
These steps forward may be small, but they are hardly insignificant. Fred Mattera and others now want to replicate these in the Northeast, the real zone of Americans "deadliest catch." Following that deadly accident in 2001, Mattera has provided safety training to hundreds of fishermen in Rhode Island. And he hopes this is only the beginning.
"I'm just a fisherman," Mattera says. "That's what I loved, and that's what I did for a long time. I promised a family we'd make a difference. [As long as] I'm still breathing, that's what we're going to strive to do."


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Argentina's Economic Crisis from 1998-2002
For the period of 1976 – 1983, Argentina severely suffered from junta or military dictatorship which is also known as the period of 'National Reorganisation Process'.(Saxton, 2003, p.2). The Argentina crisis was as a result of the historical political unrests for many years which lead to economic upheavals during 1998 – 2002.
During 1976, the government fought a 'dirty war against guerrilla groups'. (Saxton, 2003, p.4). Thousands of Argentines died during the war, mostly as victims of the military. To divert attention from increasingly severe political and economic problems, in 1982 the junta ordered an invasion of the nearby Falkland Islands, a British territory that Argentina had long claimed. British forces counterattacked and took back the islands. A huge debt was accrued as a result of the war and at the end of the military government in 1983, the country's industries unemployment were severely affected (Saxton, 2003).
In 1983, the junta transferred power to an elected civilian president, Raúl Alfonsín of the Radical Civic Union party. The new government's plans included stabilizing the economy and introducing a new currency known as the austral. New loans were taken out and state eventually was unable to pay the interest on debt and eventually the confidence in austral collapsed. Inflation spiralled out of control, GDP shrank and wages fell by almost half. Following riots President Alfonsín stepped down six months before his term. In 1989, the Justicialist (Peronist) party's Carlos Menem began governing and in 1991, he appointed Domingo Carvalho as the Minister of the Economy who introduced 'Convertibility Law System', which took effect on April 1, 1991. (Saxton, 2004, p.4). The Convertibility Law System ended the hyperinflation by establishing a pegged exchange rate with the U.S. dollar and backing the currency substantially with dollars. The aim was to ensure the acceptance of the currency after the 1989 and 1990 hyperinflation period, as people started rejecting the currency and demanding US dollars (Hill, 2011). The exchange rate was initially 10,000 Argentine australes per dollar; on January 1, 1992 the peso replaced the austral at 1 peso = 10,000 australes = US$1.4 (Saxton, 2003)
Argentines were allowed to use dollars freely, price stability was assured and the value of the currency was preserved. The quality of life was raised for many and people could afford to travel abroad, buy imported goods and ask for loans from banks at a low interest rate. Argentina attracted extensive foreign investment, which helped modernize its utilities, ports, railroads, banks, and other sectors (Saxton, 2003). However, the fixed exchange rate made imports cheap which lead to loss of Argentina's industrial infrastructure and increase in unemployment. In the meantime, government spending continued and public debts grew substantially as government needed to borrow to finance external debt. However, the government showed no intention of paying debt off and also delayed payment schedules, while IMF kept lending money.
Eventually in 1998 Argentina entered in a four-year recession, during which its economy shrank 28 percent (Saxton, 2003). This happened as a result of the Argentina exports were harmed by devaluation of Brazilian Real and international revaluation of the dollar effectively revaluing the peso against its major trading partners Brazil and the euro area (Hornbeck, 2002). By 1999, elected President De la Rúa was left with a country where unemployment had risen to a critical point and the undesirable effects of the fixed exchange rate were showing. The De la Rúa government was mainly worried about the federal budget deficit, which was 2.5 percent of GDP in 1999. That left only one option: raising tax rates. President De la Rúa secured approval for three big tax increases, effective January 2000, April 2001, and August 2001. Hence, massive tax evasion and money laundering happened also led to funds...
References: Stiglitz, J., 2002. Argentina, short-changed: Why the nation that followed the rules fell to pieces, The Washington Post. Available at: <www.yorku.ca/drache/talks/2002/stiglitz_argentina.pdf> [Accessed 12 March 2012]
Romig, S., 2011
* Hill, W.L., (2011). International Business. 8th ed. New York: McGraw Hill.
* Salvatore, D. (2011). International Economics. 10th ed. Asia: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Levitsky, S. et al., (2005). The Politics of Institutional Weakness. Argentine Democaracy. USA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Lewis, C.M., et al., (1993). Argentina in The Crisis Years (1983 – 1990). London: LSE
Bethnal, L., (1993). Argentina since Independence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3 Argentina: From Insolvency to Growth. The World Bank Press, 1993.
4 Salvatore. D (2011) International Economics. 10th Edition. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. pg702
5 Argentina: From Insolvency to Growth. The World Bank Press, 1993
[ 6 ]. Anon, (2003). Q&A: Argentina 's economic crisis. [online] Available from: [Accessed 7th March 2012].
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November, the eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian calendar. It takes its name from novem, the Latin word for nine. In the early Roman calendar, November was the ninth month. Because July was named for Julius Caesar and August for Augustus Caesar, the Roman Senate offered to name the eleventh month for Tiberius Caesar. He refused modestly, saying, "What will you do if you have thirteen emperors?" Originally there were 30 days in November, then 29, then 31. From the time of Augustus, it has had 30 days.
November comes between autumn and winter. In the North Temperate regions during November, the trees are bare, and the dead leaves on the earth have lost the brilliant color they had in October. Soft snow seldom hides the bareness of the fields, but the grays and browns of the landscapes are sometimes relieved by delightful days of hazy sunshine. The Anglo-Saxons referred to November as "the wind month" and sometimes "the blood month," probably because during this period they killed animals for their winter meat.
November symbols. The Topaz is the November birthstone, and the special flower of the month is the chrysanthemum.
November Quotations:
November woods are bare and still; November days are clear and bright;
Each noon burns up the morning's chill, The morning's snow is gone by night.
Helen Hunt Jackson
The wild November comes at last
Beneath a veil of rain;
The night wind blows its folds aside,
Her face is full of pain.
Richard Henry Stoddard
November's sky is chill and drear, November's leaf is red and sear. - Sir Walter Scott
Autumn wins you best by this, its mute appeal to sympathy for its decay. - Robert Browning
Bonfire Night
Remember, remember the 5th of November... Bonfire night (UK). Before, during and after any celebration such as Bonfire Night there will be bonfires, bangers and fireworks. Will you know where your pets are? Dogs and Cats are particularly vulnerable at times like this. If you have pets keep them indoors, check on them regularly and give them plenty of reassurance.
November the 5th is on a Monday this year, most people will have their bonfire and fireworks over the weekend on the 3rd and 4th. Please keep your cat in, if the cat is outside it may be frightened, run away and get lost, or worse get injured. Keep your cat indoors, keep the curtains drawn and play music, or keep the radio or Television on. Remember fireworks can and probably will be set off late into the night and for days before and after November the 5th. Don't fuss your cat any more than usual, or the cat may sense something is wrong.
Please remember to check your bonfire for Hedgehogs before lighting, they may be hibernating inside.
Bonfire Night is not the only occasion when Fireworks will be used, there are many more such as: July 4th American Independence Day. If you know there is going to be any type of firework display please keep your pets indoors for the duration of the display.
A Communicative Cat
The intelligence of Calvin was something phenomenal, in his rank of life. He established a method of communicating his wants, and even some of his sentiments; and he could help himself in many ways. There was a furnace register in a retired room, where he used to go when he wished to be alone, that he always opened when he desired more heat; but never shut it, any more than he shut the door after himself... I hesitate a little to speak of his capacity for friendship and the affectionateness of his nature, for I know from his own reserve that he would not care to have it much talked about. We understood each other perfectly, but we never made any fuss about it; when I spoke his name and snapped my fingers, he came to me; when I returned home at night , he was pretty sure to be waiting for me near the gate, and would rise and saunter along the walk, as if his being there was purely accidental - so shy was he commonly of showing feelings.
My Summer In A Garden - Charles Dudley Warner (1829-1900)
Not only do feline friends communicate their needs famously; they do also have an uncanny ability to sense our moods without words. Somehow, a favourite cat will know where it is needed and settle comfortingly on the lap of an unhappy human. There it will stay until the constant sound of purrs pushes away even the most troublesome thoughts from the human mind.
Quotes of the month:
"However warm the saloon fire, however wet the deck, however rainy and stormy the weather, if the Captain is up on the deck, there the cat must be also." - Elinor Mordaunt
"Unseen they suffer, unheard they cry, in agony they linger, in loneliness they die." - Unknown (Do you know who is responsible for this quote?)
Cat Snip:
In the 9th century, King Henry the 1st of Saxony decreed that the fine for killing a cat should be sixty bushels of corn.
In early 16th century England, a visitor to an English home would always kiss the family cat to bring good luck.
Poem - A Stately Friend
Stately, kindly, lordly friend
here to sit by me, and turn
glorious eyes that smile and burn,
golden eyes, love's lustrous meed,
on the golden page I read.
All your wonderous wealth of hair
dark and fair,
silken-shaggy, soft and bright
as the clouds and beams of night,
pays my reverent hand's caress
back with friendlier gentleness.
Algeron C. Swinburne (1837-1909)
The Captain's Cat
No ship in days gone by would set sail without a goodly cat or two amongst the crew to keep the mice from mincing through the grain store.
Thursday - 11th July 1754
A most tragic incident fell out of this day at sea. While the ship was under sail, but making as will appear no great way, a kitten, one of four of the feline inhabitants of the cabin, fell from the window into the water; an alarm was immediately given to the captain, who was then upon deck, and received it with utmost concern and many bitter oaths. He immediately gave orders to the steersman in favour of the poor thing, as he called it; the sails were instantly slackened, and all hands, as the phrase is, employed to recover the poor animal.
I was, I own, extremely surprised at all this: less indeed at the captain's extreme tenderness than at his conceiving any possibility of success; for if puss had had nine thousand instead of nine lives, I concluded they had all been lost. The boatswain, however, had more sanguine hopes, for having stripped himself of his jacket, breeches and shirt, he leaped boldly into the water, and to my great astonishment, in a few minutes returned to the ship, bearing the motionless animal in his mouth, Nor was this, I observed, a matter of such great difficulty as it appeared to my ignorance, and possibly may seem to that of my fresh-water reader. The kitten was now exposed to air and sun on the deck, where its life, of which it retained no symptoms, was despaired of by all...
But as I have, perhaps, a little too wantonly endeavoured to raise the tender passions of my readers with this narrative, I should think myself unpardonable if I concluded it without giving them the satisfaction of hearing that the kitten at last recovered, to the great joy of the captain...
A Voyage To Lisbon - Henry Fielding (1707-1754)
An oldie but goldie!
A house becomes a home when it has a cat or two on the mat. Whether the resident puss is indoors or out, it has an ability to breathe an ubiquitously feline feel all around the house. Returning at the end of a busy day, nothing says 'home' quite so well as a greeting from a contented house cat.
Did you know?
Ratty Cats! Cats have long been used as superior quality rat catchers. It was once a custom in Britain to build a cat and a rat together into the structure of a house. The cat would be placed in a predatory position over the rat and the home builders believed this would guard the house against an infestation of rats, although a living cat would probably have been a better bet!
Florence Nightingale had a managerie of sixty cats, all named after famous people.
Novelist Ernest Hemingway also adored felines and lived with forty cats. Their descendants still roam the grounds of Hemingway's Florida home, which is now a tourist attraction.
Cat Glossary:
Stud Tail - Accumulation of greasy secretion around the tail area, especially in unneutered tomcats.
What causes "stud tail" in a cat?
Oil from the sebaceous glands.
Cats and dogs have an area at the base of their tails that is dense with sebaceous glands that produce a waxy or oily yellowish secretion. When these secretions accumulate the hair may become matted and the skin may crust and scale. In rare cases, the area is prone to secondary infection from bacteria. The condition is termed feline tail gland hyperplasia, but is commonly referred to as "stud tail" because the condition is prevalent in uncastrated males.
The condition is not highly pathologic, and usually is more of a cosmetic nuisance to owners and cats. The fur in the involved area should be clipped and washed with medicated antiseborrheic shampoo, which may contain benzoyl peroxide or sulfur-salicylic acid; your veterinarian can provide you with these shampoos. Hopefully the cat will resume grooming the cleaned area and that should prevent recurrence. If your cat does not keep the area well groomed, then you should gently use a comb to treat the fur and to disperse the oils that accumulate.
Systemic medications are rarely needed to deal with the problem.
Cat Haiku
A small Mraw gets your
attention, I have chosen
you to be my slave.
Names & Naming
Choosing a name for your kitten is no simple matter. To quote the nineteenth-century author, Samuel Butler: "They say that the test of literary power is whether a man can write an inscription. I say, can he name a kitten? And by this test I am condemned, for I cannot". Following are some ideas to set you thinking.
Beatrix: World-famous English children's writer Beatrix Potter created numorous cats in her books, plump and cuddlesome creatures with wide, inoccent eyes.
Bianca: The Italian word meaning 'white', an appealing name for a fluffy, pure white, female kitten.
Cherub: "For the Cherub Cat is a term of the Angel Tiger", wrote the poet Christopher Smart, whose cat Jeoffrey stayed with him in Bedlam, the notorious London lunatic asylum.
Fizzy: For a frisky kitten with a champagne personality: lively, bubbly, and never, ever still.
Galanthis: The mythical handmaid who assisted at the birth of Hercules and was transformed by the irate Fates into a cat.
Harrison: In honour of Harrison Weir, artist, horticulturist, and organizer of the first ever British cat show, held at Crystal Palace, London in 1871.
Hokusai: A Japanese artist ho painted delicate and detailed cats. Suitable for an elegant Oriental kitten.
Howell: Prince Howell the Good of Wales introduced a law in AD 936, which set the value of a new-born kitten at one penny, rising to tuppence when the kitten had killed its first mouse.
Mrs. Pipchin: A character in Charles Dickens's novel, Dombey and on, who owned an elderly cat.
Pattipaws: One of T.S. Eliot's real cats, who should not be confused with the fictional felines featured in Old Pussum's Book of Practical Cats.
Rumpel: A nickname given to Samuel Taylor Coleridge's cat. His full name was "The Most Noble the Archduke Rumperstilzchen, Marcus Macbum, Earl Tomnefuagne, Baron Raticide, Waowhler, and Scratch", which is rather long for every day use!
Septimus: Lierally, it means seventh. A name to use for the last kitten in a large litter. A female could be called Octavia (eighth).
Closest Relations
The wildcat, Felis silvestris, is the domestic cat's closest relative. Until recently, taxonomists have failed to agree on the significance of differences within this species of small, lone hunters. there are visual differences between varieties, with coat colour and texture varying according to habitat, and there are also differences in temperament between the wildcats of Africa and those of Europe. In Somalia, for example, African wildcats live close to human settlements, even scavenging within the boundaries of villages. In Britain, Scottish wildcats are virtually never seen, although some have adopted to hunting the plentiful supply of rabbits that are found on agricultural land.
Recent studies carried out by Professor Eric Hurley at Cape Town University in South Africa have indicated that there are distinct genetic differences between the European wildcat and the African wildcat. The study suggests that although physically similar, they diverged into two different species hundreds of thousands of years ago. Genetic studies are likely to reveal that all the regional varieties of European wildcat are isolated populations of a single species.
Distinct Descendant
The studies of the African wildcat have revealed that it has almost identical 'genetic fingerprints' to the domestic cat, giving sound evidence that the domestic cat is an emigrant from Africa.
Sufficient subtle differences remain between the genes of African wildcats and domestic cats to identify an individual as one or the other, even when populations are mixed. Experts have disagreed whether the scavenging African wildcats and adapting Scottish wildcats are full-blooded wildcats or wildcat-domestic hybrids: genetic testing may answer this.
Unlike other domestic animals, the cat is self-domesticted: it chose to live in close proximity to people because it was in its interests to do so, a natural selfishness that remains at the core of domestic cat behaviour to this day. This self-domestication was relatively recent, occurring long after we had domesticated the dog. The cat's ancestors needed specific psychological and physiological traits to help them infiltrate the new and unique ecological niche of the human settlement. Under the altered environmental pressures, both physical and behavioural changes occurred, creating the most successful ever of all the species of cat: the domestic cat.
Recommended book: Cat Haiku
Author: Deborah Coates, illustrations by Sheila Moxley.
A cat's unneutered thoughts, expressed in poetry. Laugh till you shed.
"So you want to know what's behind my Sphinx-like stare and Mona Lisa smile? Now you can find out, because this book is more than just the cat's miaow - it's the purr-fect cat-alogue of feline wit and wisdom (as it should be; after all I wrote it!). It will tell you what I'm really thinking, and bring a grin - or a grimace - to your pitifully whiskerless face. So get a grip on your upholstery. and let the Haiku begin." - A Cat
What is Haiku? Haiku is a three line, unrhymed Japanese verse form of five, seven, and five syllables respectively. Here's one from the book:
Oh, good. You're home. I
Celebrate joyously with
A rousing ear-twitch.
Hardback - 120 pages.
Published by: The Random House Group Limited, 20 Vauxhall Bridge Raod, London, United Kingdom, SW1V 2SA.
And finally...
Quote: "The cat makes himself the companion of your hours of solitude, melancholy and toil." - Théophile Gautier


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Finnish coolest trend - food made of insects; also a bit about weather and transport
Food of insects
Finns have started to eat crickets! This is not a figure of speech or an eye-catching headline but downright truth.
Using insects for food is a new hot trend here in Finland. For some time, there have already been start-ups that offered
food made of insects.
Different technology celebrities give speeches about the need to go over our superstitions and start eating our chitin friends for the sake of the planet. Nowadays, the trend extended — they started to add insect powder into regular products.
A couple of days ago Fazer released their new product: bread with crickets. As the tag says, each loaf contains at least 70 crickets and all of them are of local origin. OMG, I already can imagine how them escape the fabric :-/ As you can see, Finnish customers like the product; I only could catch empty shelves.
The xMas markets in Helsinki have started! Now we can drink mulled wine :-) It is a bit pricy, €6 for a glass. For the real xMas market spirit people travel to Germany or, if look closer, to Tallinn.
This is how our yard looked just 2 days ago. By now, the snow has melted because of +5. We may have proper winter by xMas but this is not guaranteed. Such xMases are even called "Black Christmas"🎄
Dangerous garbage
In Finland, people sort garbage. It's not obligatory but everyone does it. However, not everything you can throw away at home. Burnt lamps we bring to a shop and put in the pile.
By the way, our poor metro was launched a couple of weeks ago! We even celebrated drinking orange cocktails (metro is also orange).
Busses to metro are not yet launched, so we go directly to the city centre. I managed to take a picture of navigator bus drivers use. There is also a display with numbers which shows 00.0, or 86.5, it 5.1. Not sure what It is for.
In previous episodes
Interested? Write previous episodes:
- Finland - driverless busses, free-to-use public laptops, buying drugs in pharmacy
- Finland - self-service in cafes, lockers with refrigerators, recycling of botles
- Finnish life - showers without curtains, cinnamon buns and parking habits
- Life in Finland - autumn sale, transport wins and failures, secret cafes
- Life in Finland, part 6
- Life in Finland, part 5
- Life in Finland, part 4
- Life in Finland, part 3
- Summer in Helsinki - citybikes, blueberries and everyday life
- My little Suomi, week 27, year 2017
There posts are made of the materiald from my Telegram channel @suomi_en.


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The internal investigations under The Police Act, 1990, Disciplinary Regulations regarding two Saskatoon Police Officers have been completed.
A Saskatoon Police Service Sergeant has been suspended without pay for two weeks and has received one year of probation.
Following an incident in July of 2007 which also involved a Saskatoon Police Service Inspector a review by Saskatchewan Justice recommended that a charge of Having Care and Control of a Motor Vehicle While Impaired be laid against Inspector Allan Stickney. However, the review also recommended no criminal charges be laid against Sergeant Tim Korchinski. Subsequent to this Sergeant Korchinski was the subject of an internal review under The Police Act, 1990.
Constable Brett Maki will be suspended for one month without pay and receive one year probation.
Constable Maki was found guilty of Assault Causing Bodily Harm in an off-duty assault, which stemmed from a traffic dispute in December of 2006. Cst. Maki received a Conditional Discharge and was ordered to pay restitution. An internal review under The Police Act, 1990 began following court proceedings.
Typically the results of internal investigations are not released publicly, however due to public attention in both cases, Chief of Police Clive Weighill has released the results. No further comment will be made.


text:
The following by Dr. Chas. H. Shepard, of Brooklyn, who introduced the Turkish bath into America, is taken from the Journal of the A. M. A., for Nov. 13, 1897:—
"Animal poison is by no means uncommon, and so quick and mysterious is its action that a prompt remedy is a vital necessity. There is good reason to believe that the numerous remedies that have been recommended from earliest times as antidotes for animal poison are worthless, as they have not the properties commonly ascribed to them. The paucity of remedies is so great that alcohol is the one which comes most quickly to the mind of those who have been taught in the traditions of the past, and who are not fully aware of its action on the human system. We shall endeavor to show that the action of alcohol is not helpful, but on the contrary is really detrimental; and also that there is a better way out of the difficulty.
"If we get a splinter in the body, vital energy is aroused to get rid of the offending substance, inflammation is set up, and sloughing goes on until the splinter is voided. If the splinter is covered with acrid material, the same process is intensified, and nature endeavors to eliminate the offending substance through the natural excretions. Upon the peculiarity of the material depends the direction of this elimination.
"It is well known that some poisons are thrown off by the kidneys, some by the lungs, while others again are attacked by all the emunctories. The difference in the power of the system to absorb different substances, appropriate whatever can be utilized, and throw off whatever can not be used, is sometimes called idiosyncrasy, but more properly it may be called vital resistance, and upon the integrity of this power rests the ability to combat disease in all its forms, whether it be the absorption of any animal virus or the poison resulting from undigested food. This ability is in proportion to the integrity and soundness of every tissue and organ of the body. This may be illustrated by the fact that with a person suffering from kidney disease, which necessarily impedes elimination, the ordinary effects of a poison are intensified; therefore whatever aids in the promotion of good health, or in other words, the normal action of all the functions, will contribute to the safety of the individual in any and every emergency.
"When a person dies from the effect of poisoning, it is simply because the system was unable to eliminate the offending substance and was exhausted in the effort. There is a tolerance of some substances which frequently results in chronic disease, and again it is shown in what is called the cumulative effect or acute disease.
"Those who would hold that a substance is at one time a medicament, and at another time a poison, have much trouble in drawing the line between the beneficial and the poisonous effect. The idea that poisonous substances act on the system is responsible for many grave mistakes, whereas always, and under all circumstances, it is the system that does all the action.
"There might be some excuse for the idea that disease is an entity, from the facts that have been brought to light by the germ theory, but this theory is of recent date, while the entity theory is as old as superstition.
"Snake poison, which may be cited as a type of other animal poisons, takes effect through the circulation, and acts by paralyzing the nerve centres, and by altering the condition of the blood. In ordinary cases death seems to take place by arrest of respiration, from paralysis of the nerves of motion. The poison also acts septically, producing at a later period sloughing and hemorrhage.
"Dr. Calmette, a noted French scientist, claims that what is poisonous in the snake's bite, is not the venom absorbed into the blood, but a principle which the blood itself has developed out of the poison. This would necessitate very quick action when the poison is inserted in one of the large veins, as that is followed by instant death.
"The following cases fairly represent some of the tragedies that are occurring in our everyday life.
"A man 60 years old falls and dislocates his finger, he goes to the hospital, where in a short time he dies from blood poisoning. * * * * * Another man 48 years old, many years a wine merchant, whose great toe was severely crushed by a heavy man stepping on it, was taken with blood-poisoning and in spite of all treatment, even to the amputation of the leg, he soon succumbed to the disease. * * * * * A young woman 24 years old, picks a pimple on her chin and at once her face begins to swell. In vain was all medical treatment, for in a few days she died in terrible agony. * * * * * About a year ago there died in Brooklyn, N. Y., a physician in his 38th year, who six days previously received a slight scratch in his hand while performing a post-mortem examination. All that medical science could suggest was done to no avail. * * * * * In the summer of 1896 a young woman 22 years of age was bitten on the leg by an insect. Several physicians were called in but their treatment gave no relief; blood-poisoning set in; it was decided to amputate the leg, but before it could be done she died. * * * * * In July, 1896, a veterinary surgeon 34 years of age, while removing a cancer from a horse pricked his finger with his knife. The wound was so slight that he forgot all about it. A few days later blood-poisoning set in and in a short time his end came. Some forty years ago a man named Whitney was teasing a rattlesnake in a Broadway barroom, was bitten by it, and, though whisky was poured down his throat by the quart, he soon died.
"Such results seem entirely unnecessary were the proper course pursued, and at the same time they are a fearful commentary on the medical resources of the day.
"The latest researches in regard to alcohol reveal it as a poison to the human system in whatever way it may be diluted or disguised. Its effect is always the same in proportion to the amount taken. It is impossible to habitually use it in any form, even in small quantities, without disease and degeneration resulting therefrom. When taken into the stomach the action is the same as with any other narcotic; the meaning of this word is to become torpid. It benumbs the nerves of sensation, and thus the vital resistance to any offending material is reduced, and while the patient feels less of any disturbance the real harm goes on with accumulated force because of the lack of vitality and non-resistance of the nervous system.
"When the body is in the throes of a vital struggle with a virulent poison it would seem, to any unprejudiced mind, the height of folly to further weaken the vital resistance by the administration of any narcotic, and especially alcohol.
"The eminent German, Professor Bunge, says: 'All the results which on superficial observation appear to show that alcohol possesses stimulant properties, can be explained on the ground that they were due to paralysis.' * * * * * Professors S. Weir Mitchell and E. T. Reichert, in Researches on Serpent Poison, make this notable statement: 'Despite the popular creed, it is now pretty sure that many men have been killed by the alcohol given to relieve them from the effects of snake bite, and it is a matter of record that men dead drunk with whiskey and then bitten, have died of the bite.'
"As a great contrast to the weakness of the mass of our people who are drug-takers and alcohol-consumers, and who are liable to almost any epidemic that comes along, and quickly succumb to a serious injury, may be mentioned the Turkish soldiers of to-day, who know nothing of drugs as we use them and never use alcohol in any form. During the late controversy with the Greeks, one of them who was reported as having been shot in the stomach, remained in the ranks, and afterward walked ten miles. Another one who was wounded twice in the legs and once in the shoulder, continued attending to his duties for twenty-four hours, until an officer noticed his condition and ordered him to the hospital. The heat was tremendous, but the troops endured it without complaint, and the doctors were astonished at the wonderful vitality of the wounded Turks, who recovered with remarkable rapidity. This, with good reason, is attributed to their abstemious lives.
"It has been stated that the Moqui Indians handle the rattlesnake with impunity, and are not inconvenienced by its occasional bite.
"The rational treatment of animal poison is to endeavor to prevent the entry of the virus into the circulation and to neutralize it in the wound before it is absorbed; but when it has entered the system everything should be done for its elimination.
"The most powerful aid to the human system, and the most perfect eliminator known to man is heat. It is used with much advantage, and great success by means of water, both internally and externally, but above all is its use by hot air, as in the Turkish bath, which works in harmony with every natural function, promoting the action of all the secretions, and more particularly the excretions. By this means will the system unload itself of an accumulation of impurities in an incredibly short space of time, while the heat aids in destroying whatever there may be of virus therein.
"Calmette, whom we have previously quoted, has shown that whatever be the source of snake venom, its active principle is destroyed by being submitted to a temperature of about 212 degrees for a variable length of time.
"In the not remote future thousands of human beings will owe to the Turkish bath not only an immunity from disease in general, but also an escape from the horrors of a premature death from hydrophobia, the poison of snake bite, or the slower action of infectious disease.
"The mass of testimony that has been accumulating for over thirty years past is more than sufficient to convince any reasonable mind that is willing to examine the facts.
"The medical profession has searched the world over and under for the means of controlling disease, while within the human body itself lies the vital power which needs only to be cultivated and exalted to its true function to banish the mass of disease from the land."
Dr. Shepard states in another article that Turkish baths are now used in London and Paris for the cure of hydrophobia.
Dr. J. H. Kellogg says:—
"A great number of remedies have acquired the reputation of being cures for snake bites. The partisans of each one of these have been able to produce a large number of cases, which apparently supported their claims; the uniform testimony of all scientific authorities upon this subject, however, is that all these so-called antidotes are worthless. Prof. W. Watson Cheyne, M. B., F. R. C. S., surgeon of Kings College Hospital, London, England, states, in the International Encyclopedia of Surgery, that 'there is no known antidote by which the venom can be neutralized, nor any prophylactic.' This eminent authority also remarks further: 'Hence medication with this view is to be avoided altogether, and the aim of treatment should be to prevent the poison from gaining access to the general circulation, and to avoid its prostrating effects if its entrance has already taken place.' The same writer asserts that the only aim of the constitutional treatment should be 'to sustain the strength until the poison shall have been eliminated.' The idea that the saturation of the body with whisky to the point of intoxication, if possible, is beneficial in these cases, is in the highest degree erroneous. Whisky intoxication, according to Dr. Cheyne, actually 'favors the injurious effect of the poison. What is required is to keep the patient alive until the poison has been eliminated.' Whisky will not do this, but actually aids the poison in its fatal work by lessening the resistance of the patient, and hence lessening his chances for recovery.
"The reputation of whisky as a remedy in these cases is due to the fact that on an average only one person in eight who is bitten by a rattlesnake is really poisoned; the reasons for this were fully explained in an interesting paper on 'Rattlesnakes,' by the eminent Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, and published in the Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge for 1860. If the snake strikes several times before inflicting a wound, the sacs containing the venom may be emptied, so that the succeeding bite will introduce only the most minute quantity of poison—not enough to produce serious, or fatal results. If the part bitten is covered by clothing, the poison may be absorbed by the clothing, so that but very little enters the circulation. In various other ways the snake is prevented from inflicting a fatal wound. The popular idea, that every bite of a rattlesnake is necessarily poisonous, is thus shown to be erroneous. It is not at all probable that the administration of whisky has ever in any case contributed to the long life of a person bitten by a rattlesnake.
"Whisky is often recommended by physicians with the idea that it will sustain the energies of the patient, or will stimulate the heart, etc.; but it has been clearly shown that alcohol in all forms is not only useless for these purposes, but does actual damage, since it lessens the resistance of the patient, weakens the heart, and helps along the prostration which is the characteristic effect of the rattlesnake venom. Alcohol has, for many years, been used as an antidote for collapse under an anæsthetic administered for surgical purposes, but no intelligent physician nowadays thinks of using alcohol for such a purpose; instead, alcohol is given before the anæsthetic for the purpose of facilitating its effect. Errors of this sort which have once become established are very hard to uproot. Probably some physicians will continue to use alcohol for shock, exhaustion, general debility and similar conditions as well as for rattlesnake poisoning for another quarter of a century, but such use of alcohol does not belong to the domain of rational medicine and is not supported by scientific facts."
"Under the Pasteur method, a man who did not take alcohol was much more likely to recover from the bite of a mad dog than one bitten under the same conditions, who used that drug; while in lock-jaw there was absolute failure to secure immunity if the patient had taken alcohol. In India it used to be given in large quantities for snake bite, but it was found that it had a direct effect in interfering with the processes of repair, and so is being abandoned."—Dr. Sims Woodhead, of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, London, Eng.
"Nothing could be more irrational and dangerous than the popular notion concerning the antagonism of whisky and snake-bites, and Willson reports that several of the fatalities in his series were directly due to alcohol rather than to the bite."—Editorial, Journal of the American Medical Ass'n.
Rheumatism:—"Unquestionably, the most active cause of rheumatism, as well as of migraine, sick-headache, Bright's disease, neurasthenia and a number of other kindred diseases, is the general use of flesh food, tea and coffee, and alcoholic liquors. As regards remedies, there are no medicinal agents which are of any permanent value in the treatment of chronic rheumatism. The disease can be remedied only by regimen,—that is, by diet and training. A simple dietary, consisting of fruits, grains, and nuts, and particularly the free use of fruits, must be placed in the first rank among the radical curative measures. Water, if taken in abundance, is also a means of washing out the accumulated poisons.
"An individual afflicted with rheumatism in any form should live, so far as possible, an out-of-door life, taking daily a sufficient amount of exercise to induce vigorous perspiration. A cool morning sponge bath, followed by vigorous rubbing, and a moist pack to the joints most seriously affected, at night, are measures which are worthy of a faithful trial. Every person who is suffering from this disease should give the matter immediate attention, as it is a malady which is progressive, and is one of the most potent causes of premature old age, and general physical deterioration. American nervousness is probably more often due to uric acid, or to the poisons which it represents, than to any other one cause."—Good Health.
"Alcohol favors the development of rheumatism. It does this by preventing waste matter from leaving the system. Beer and wine, because they contain lime and salts, are said to cause rheumatism, or at least to aid in its development. These salts are absorbed into the system, unite with the uric acid, and form an insoluble urate of lime, which is deposited around the joints, thus causing them to become enlarged and stiff. * * * * *
"The success of the Turkish bath treatment has been phenomenal. Of over 3,000 cases treated here at least 95 per cent. have been entirely relieved, or greatly helped. Some who were treated over twenty years ago have stated that they have not had a twinge of rheumatism since. Very few have persevered in the use of the bath without experiencing permanent relief."—Dr. Charles H. Shepard, Brooklyn.
"Those having a bath cabinet can have a good substitute at home for the Turkish bath. Remember that if tobacco and alcohol are indulged in, there can be no permanent relief."
"Under no circumstances take any of the thousand and one nostrums advertised as sure cures for this disease. Pure unadulterated blood is the only remedy. This can only be produced by cleansing the system of impurities, and giving it the right kind of material out of which to make it. Keep out the poisonous physic, clean out the colon, strengthen the lungs, and feed the system with proper food, and this disease will vanish like a fog before the rising sun."
The same book in advocating the use of the Turkish bath for rheumatism, says:—
"The fact, which is well attested, that when a person enters the bath the urine may be strongly acid, but, on leaving the bath, after half an hour, it is markedly alkaline, shows that the bath has a strong effect upon the system."
Dr. Ridge says of rheumatic fever:—
"I would urge most strongly the desirability of avoiding every form of alcoholic liquor, from the very commencement of the disease, as affording the best chance for a speedy and safe recovery. The highest authorities are agreed on this point, but there is a lingering practice which makes reference necessary in order to confirm the wavering."
In Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York, the hot blanket pack is used in acute rheumatism, almost to the exclusion of other methods. The pack should be continued two to four hours at least, and may be repeated two or three times within the twenty-four hours with advantage.
Nature Cure says that thorough massage, and half a dozen cups of hot lemonade will cure a severe case of sciatica:—
"The massage should be commenced moderately, and increased as the patient can bear it. Rubbing and slapping of the muscles with bare hands will hasten a cure, and be agreeable to the patient. One to two hours treatment, if vigorous, will effect a cure."
Sea-Sickness:—Brandy is a common resort in this trouble, many taking it under such circumstances who would under no other. Yet it frequently adds to the sickness, instead of relieving it.
"Be sparing in diet for two or three days before the expected voyage. If very sensitive, take to your berth as soon as you go on board, or lie down on deck; get near the centre of the vessel, and lie with your feet to the stern. Go to sleep if possible. Iced water may be sipped, but nothing solid should be taken at first; after a while a cracker or wafer may be taken."
It is said upon good authority that if two or three apples are eaten shortly before going on board, or before rough water is encountered, sea-sickness is entirely averted. It will be well to partake of no other food for some hours previous to the voyage when trying this.
Good Health says:—
"If any of our readers have occasion to cross the ocean in the stormy season, we recommend three things; keep horizontal, with the head low; put an ice-bag to the back of the neck, keep the stomach clean, free from greasy foods and meats, and eat nothing till there is an appetite for food. A habitually clean dietary before going on board is doubtless a good preparation for such a voyage, as well as for any other nerve strain, or test of endurance. It pays to be good—to your stomach, as well as in other ways."
The following is guaranteed by a Russian physician to be an effective cure and a means of avoiding sea-sickness when the symptoms first make their appearance. Take long and deep inspirations. About twenty breaths should be taken every minute, and they should be as deep as possible. After thirty or forty inspirations the symptoms will be found to abate. This is recommended for dyspepsia also.
Sore Nipples:—"Alum water, or tannin, used for several months in advance will harden as effectually as brandy. If there is soreness on commencing to nurse, put a pinch of alum into milk, and apply the curd to the nipple."
Spasms:—"These are caused by flatulence, as a result of indigestion. A little hot ginger tea, or capsicum tea, may do all that is required. If these are not at hand, loosen every tight band, rub well the region of the heart and stomach, slap the face with the corner of a wet towel, and give sips of cold water."
Shock:—"In shock, or collapse, the state is similar in some respects to that which is present in fainting. Every function is almost at a standstill; absorption from the stomach and elsewhere is at its lowest point, because the circulation of the blood is so much interfered with. Hence much of the brandy which is so often given, and to such a wonderful amount, with very little apparent effect of intoxication, is really not absorbed at all, and is very often rejected from the stomach by vomiting, when reaction does occur, if not before.
"The patient should be wrapped up warmly, and put to bed as soon as possible. The limbs may be rubbed with hot flannels, and hot water bottles put to hands and feet. In some cases, also, towels wrung out of hot water may be wrapped around the head. Hot milk and water, hot water slightly sweetened, or with a little peppermint water in it, should be given as soon as the patient can swallow. Hot beverages will warm the skin more rapidly and powerfully than any alcoholic liquor.
"If the patient cannot swallow, an enema of hot water, or hot, thin gruel, should be administered, and may be of use in addition to hot drinks. Beef extract may be added to the hot water with advantage.
"In the vast majority of cases there need be no anxiety so far as the shock is concerned; reaction will occur in due time if ordinary care be taken, and will be more natural and steady if the system is not embarrassed by the presence of the narcotic alcohol. In the state of collapse the voluntary nervous system is depressed; alcohol diminishes the power and activity of the nervous centres of the brain, hence its action is undesirable in shock or collapse."—Dr. J. J. Ridge, London.
"No procedure could be more senseless than the administering alcohol in shock. A stimulant of some kind is necessary in such cases, and alcohol, instead of being a stimulant is a narcotic. * * * * * Alcohol causes a decrease of temperature, the very thing to be avoided in cases of shock."—Dr. J. H. Kellogg.
"I am perfectly sure that a large dose of alcohol in shock puts a nail in the coffin of the patient."—Dr. H. C. Wood of the University of Pennsylvania.
Sinking Sensations:—Many women have a feeling of weakness or "goneness" at about eleven o'clock in the morning, and are led by it to the injurious practice of eating between meals. It is often due to indigestion, or to the use of beer or wine. A few sips of hot milk, of fruit juice, or even of cold water will often relieve it, especially if total abstinence is persevered in.
Sudden Illness:—"Those taken suddenly ill are likely to fare best if placed in a recumbent position, with head slightly elevated, all tightness of garments about the neck or waist relieved, and a little cold water given in case of ability to swallow. A mustard plaster on the back of the neck, or over the stomach, and hot water or hot bottles to the feet, are never out of place, while vinegar, or smelling salts, or dilute ammonia to the nostrils is reviving."—Ezra M. Hunt, M. D., late secretary of New Jersey State Board of Health.
"Both the popular and professional beliefs in the efficacy of alcoholic liquids for relieving exhaustion, faintness, shock, etc. are equally fallacious. All these conditions are temporary, and rapidly recovered from by simply the recumbent position, and free access to fresh air. Ninety-nine out of every hundred of such cases pass the crisis before the attendants have time to apply any remedies, and when they do, the sprinkling of cold water on the face, and the vapor of camphor or carbonate of ammonia to the nostrils, are the most efficacious remedies, and leave none of the secondary evil effects of brandy, whisky or wine."—Dr. N. S. Davis.
Sunstroke:—"There has lately been a correspondence in the Morning Post on the subject of 'Sunstroke and Alcohol.' We quite agree with the statement that 'nothing predisposes people to sunstroke so much as this pernicious habit of taking stimulants (so-called) during the hot weather.' As far as this country is concerned, nearly every case of sunstroke might be more appropriately designated 'beerstroke.' One effect of alcohol is to paralyze the heat-regulating mechanism; the blood becomes overloaded with waste material, and the narcotism, and vasomotor paralysis, produced by the alcohol, is added to that produced by the heat. Abstainers, other things being equal, can always endure extremes of temperature better than consumers of alcohol."—Medical Pioneer, England.
"During the month of January, 1896, there occurred over three hundred deaths from sunstroke in Australia. When called upon to offer suggestions relative to its prevention, the medical board promptly informed the Colonial government that, of all the predisposing causes, none were so potent as indulgence in intoxicating liquors, and in its treatment nothing seemed to have a more disastrous effect than the administration of alcoholic stimulants."—Medical News.
The Bulletin of the A. M. T. A. for August, 1896, contained the following:—
"Recently a leading medical man, a teacher in a college, warned his student audience against the anti-alcoholic theories urged by extremists and persons whose zeal was greater than their intelligence. He affirmed positively that the value of alcohol was well known in medicine, and established by long years of experience.
"Not long afterward a man was brought into his office in a state of collapse from sunstroke, and this physician and teacher ordered large quantities of brandy to be administered; the patient died soon after."
Dr. T. D. Crothers tells of a case where alcohol was administered to a child for partial sunstroke, and says, "there were many reasons for believing that the profound poisoning from alcohol gave a permanent bias and tendency that developed into inebriety later."
"When a person falls with sunstroke (or heatstroke) he should at once be carried to a cool, shady place. His clothing should be removed, and cold applications made to the head, and over the whole body. Pieces of ice may be packed around the head, or cold water may be poured upon the body. Cold enema may also be employed. In case the face is pale, hotapplications should be made to the head and over the heart and the body should be rubbed vigorously."—Dr. J. H. Kellogg.


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In an action on a judgment seeking recovery against a bankrupt's spouse and spouse's parents on the ground that the conveyances of the bankrupt's residence to them were fraudulent, the Superior Court was not deprived of jurisdiction over the action by the automatic stay provisions of 11 U.S.C. s. 362, where the trustee in bankruptcy did not and, at the time, could not assert any claim against the premises, and thus the action could not possibly have affected the bankruptcy creditors. [593-594]
A judgment creditor may recover in a fraudulent conveyance action from the transferees of fraudulently conveyed assets, to the extent the liquidated proceeds of the assets do not satisfy the judgment. [594-596]
CIVIL ACTION commenced in the Superior Court Department on December 4, 1991.
The case was heard by Charles F. Barrett, J.
Lisa Ayn Padilla for the plaintiff.
Philip E. Murray, Jr, for the defendants.
KASS, J. Shawmut Bank, N.A. (Shawmut or the bank), recovered a judgment against Richard Merriam in Boston Municipal Court in the amount of $37,591.85 on account of loan indebtedness to Shawmut. That judgment spawned an action to recover the amount of the judgment in Superior Court against Merriam's wife, Judith, and his in-laws (Joseph and Carolyn Crescio) on the ground that they had connived through
Page 593
fraudulent conveyances (G. L. c. 109A) to deplete Merriam of assets against which Shawmut might levy execution. The fraudulent conveyances case was heard by a judge of the Superior Court without a jury, at which the focus of attention was the marital residence in Danvers. The judge found that those premises had, indeed, been conveyed with the intent to hinder, delay, or defraud (G. L. c. 109A, s. 7) Merriam's creditors, which included Shawmut. The judge ordered the entry of a judgment awarding the net proceeds of the sale of the residence to Shawmut, together with $30,000 in counsel fees and $10,251.76 in costs. Both parties appealed from that judgment. Although counsel in their briefs on appeal have presented a total of more than ten issues, we think the two that need to be answered are first, whether, in view of Richard Merriam's bankruptcy, a State court had jurisdiction over the fraudulent conveyance action, and second, whether Judith Merriam and the Crescios are individually liable for the judgment or whether recovery shall be limited to the yield from the net proceeds of the sale of the Danvers property.
It would serve no purpose to recount the convoluted efforts made by Merriam, his wife, and his in-laws to place the residence beyond the reach of creditors. There was ample evidence to support the findings of the trial judge that they had done so. We do not disturb those findings. See Mass.R.Civ.P. 52(a), as amended, 423 Mass. 1402 (1996); First Pa. Mort. Trust v. Dorchester Sav. Bank, 395 Mass. 614 , 621-622 (1985). Title to the property, when this action began, had come to roost in Joseph and Carolyn Crescio. Title had been in Judith Merriam along the way. In an order that was incorporated in the final judgment, the court named a receiver who would sell the property and hold the proceeds for the benefit of the bank, subject to some credits we will advert to at the end of this opinion. The Crescios were ordered to convey the property to the receiver. So far as appears from the record, the property has not been sold.
1. Jurisdiction in light of Merriam's bankruptcy. One year after the bank commenced the current action, Richard Merriam filed a suggestion of bankruptcy. Merriam was adjudicated a bankrupt under c. 7 of the Bankruptcy Code, It U.S.C. s. 701 et seq. (1994), and on April 12, 1993, was released from all dischargeable debts. The defendants urgently contend that the automatic stay provision of the Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C.
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s. 362 (1994), deprived the Superior Court of jurisdiction to consider the action against Judith Merriam and the Crescios, as well as Richard Merriam. He was originally a party to this action but was ultimately dismissed from it. The automatic stay protects primarily the debtor, and the defendants' position is that, if the Danvers property was fraudulently conveyed, then it should be treated as part of the bankrupt estate. See In re MortgageAmerica Corp., 714 F.2d 1266, 1275 (5th Cir. 1983); Matter of Sherk, 918 F2d 1170, 1175-1176 (5th Cir. 1990).
The trustee in bankruptcy could have pursued the Danvers property as an asset of the bankrupt estate, but she did not do so. Indeed, before the judge made his findings and rulings on July 23, 1993, the bankruptcy proceeding had been closed, without any claim regarding the Danvers property. The trial judge took the precaution of bringing the trustee in bankruptcy before him so that the judge could inquire whether the trustee was asserting any claim to the Danvers property. The property had not been listed as an asset of the estate by the trustee. She reported to the judge that she had been aware of the property, and the encumbrances upon it, and had consciously elected not to pursue a fraudulent conveyance claim concerning it on the ground that the cost of pursuit would exceed the potential recovery. As the trustee had not only abandoned her claim but also could not at that point revive it, see 11 U.S,C. s. 546(a) (1994) (trustee must make claim to an asset within two years of appointment or close of the bankruptcy case, whichever is earlier), the State court action could not have possibly affected the bankruptcy creditors and the State court action could proceed. Matter of Xonics, Inc., 813 F.2d 127, 131 (7th Cir. 1987). Matter of Kubly, 818 F.2d 643, 645 (7th Cir. 1987). Citizens Bank v. Callahan, 38 Mass. App. Ct. 702 , 704-705 (1995).
2. Individual liability of the transferees. Shawmut's action sought, as cumulative remedies, reconveyance of the property, so that it might be sold for the account of the bank, see G. L. c. 109A, s. 9, and recovery against the individual estates of the parties to the fraudulent conveyance, namely the defendants Judith Merriam and the Crescios. The position of the defendants is that recovery is limited to setting aside the fraudulent conveyance, but that is not correct.
In Northborough Natl. Bank v. Risley, 384 Mass. 348 , 350-351 (1981), a case that much resembles on its facts the one
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before us, the court held that the transferee was not liable because he returned the net proceeds of the sale of the fraudulently conveyed asset to the debtor and because his knowledge was minimal, and he sought and received no benefit from the transaction. Id. at 351. Here, neither the assets nor the proceeds were returned, and the trial judge found that the defendants were conscious participants in hiding the Danvers property from Richard Merriam's creditors so as to hinder, delay, or defraud them. In those circumstances, the creditor can recover from the transferees of fraudulently conveyed property to the extent the liquidation proceeds of the fraudulently conveyed assets do not satisfy the second judgment in the fraudulent conveyances action. Damazo v. Wahby, 269 Md. 252, 256-257 (1973). In the Damazo decision, the court observed that the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyances Act added remedies and did not restrict remedies already available to a creditor. Specifically, "[t]he form of the relief should be so framed as 'to place the judgment creditor in the same or similar position he held with respect to the fraudulent transferor prior to the fraudulent conveyance,' Miller v. Kaiser, 164 Colo. 206, 433 P.2d 772. 775 [1967]." Ibid. See Flowers & Sons Dev. Corp. v. Municipal Ct., 86 Cal. App. 3d 818, 825 (1978) (transferee liability when property no longer available); Deyong Mgmt., Ltd. v. Previs, 47 Wash. App. 341, 345-347 (1987); Clark, Recent Development, Tort Liability for Fraudulent Conveyances, 19 Stan. L. Rev. 636, 637-639, 641 (1967). [Note 3]
The instant case illustrates the soundness of that principle. Richard Merriam and Judith Merriam owned the Danvers property as joint tenants. Had there been no fraudulent conveyance, Richard's half interest in the $60,000 equity in the Danvers property would have gone a long way to satisfy the original $37,591.85 judgment. By hiding the property through fraudulent conveyance, the defendants put the creditor to a merry chase and, because of legal expenses, an expensive one. The responsibility, and, therefore, the liability for an amount due on the judgment over liquidation proceeds is theirs. Contrast David v. Zilah, 325 Mass. 253 , 256 (1950), and Citizens Bank & Trust
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Co. v. Rockingham Trailer Sales, Inc., 351 Mass. 457 , 462 (1966), both of which were actions to reach and apply specified assets and did not include claims against the individual transferees.
The first recourse, of course, must be to the Danvers property, and it may be that a change in market values will provide sufficient value to pay the judgment out of Richard's half interest. We do not consider the arguments raised as to whether the defendants are entitled to a credit for $18,500 paid to discharge an attachment against the property. Because of what we have said about their individual liability, their contribution to equity in the property will not be material in terms of satisfying the judgment.
The judgment for the plaintiff is modified to provide that the plaintiff shall recover $30,000 (the value, at the time of Shawmut's original judgment, of Richard's interest in the property that was fraudulently conveyed), plus interest, plus legal fees of $30,000 and costs of $10,251.76. The judge acted within his authority in imposing the plaintiff's legal expenses on the defendants under the principle discussed in Franchi v. Stella, 42 Mass. App. Ct. 251 , 259 (1997), and cases cited. The amount of the judgment shall be paid first out of the proceeds of the sale of the Danvers property. Any difference between the net proceeds of the sale and the judgment shall be paid by the defendants. Any amounts realized from that sale in excess of the judgments shall be paid over to the defendants. As both parties appealed from the judgment, neither is to have legal fees or costs attendant on the appeal.
So ordered.
[Note 1] After filing of the complaint, Shawmut Bank, N.A., merged with Fleet National Bank of Massachusetts, which was the surviving corporation.
[Note 2] Joseph Crescio and Carolyn M. Crescio.
[Note 3] General Laws c. 109A, s. 12, as appearing in St. 1996, c. 157, provides "[t]his chapter shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this chapter among states which enact it." Consequently, out-of-State authorities have particular significance.


text: LOS ANGELES (July 12, 2014) – Mason Zisette died on Saturday from injuries sustained while he was riding on a double decker bus on Thursday. Zisette and friends were on the double decker bus celebrating a friend's birthday on Thursday. The bus, run by Starline Tours, was on the 405 Freeway when it passed by the Arbor Vitae Street overpass around 7:45 p.m. and Zisette was injured. According to reports, ... Read More »


text:
PeaceTimes Edition 87. More Sway and Less Swagger: Women in Governance, 2008 and Beyond
- by Mary Liston Liepold
US vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin envisions a role larger than that of the typical Veep if her party wins. And Palin's ambition is just one drop in a tide that is sweeping the world. After the long, long struggle to win the vote (still being waged in Saudi Arabia, where 2009 is an election year and some look for change), women everywhere are moving into politics and moving from politics to governance. We are steadily approaching a world with "more sway and less swagger," in Swanee Hunt's memorable phrase. This former US Ambassador and founder of Inclusive Security expects the increase in womanpower to result in a "call from arms": a more peaceful and equitable world.
Are We There Yet?
Right now, no matter where we look, the challenges are daunting. "When the situation is very bad, the women are needed," Finnish Prime Minister Tarja Halonen told a Forbes reporter firmly, in an interview published September 26. Halonen is holding her country on course through the good (the selection of Finnish diplomat Martti Ahtisaari for the Nobel Peace Prize), the bad (spillover from Iceland's economic meltdown), and the ugly (a school shooting on September 23 unprecedented for this nation whose school system others envy).
Even in hard times, Finland's assets outweigh its challenges. In Finland, where female suffrage was won in 1906, as in India, Ireland, Germany, and other relatively established democracies, women have moved up gradually through decades of social progress. In other countries, like Haiti and Rwanda, women seem to have been invited to the table as a last resort. The places where women hold political power occupy both ends of the peace and development spectrum as well as its center.
How many women lead governments around the world? The answer depends on what we call a government and what we call leading. If we include microstates like San Marino, provinces like The Åland Islands, figurehead monarchs like Elizabeth II of Great Britain, Margrethe II of Denmark, and Beatrix of the Netherlands, and governors-general, like Quentin Brice of Australia and Michaelle John of Canada, as well as elected leaders, the total comes in above 25. But the answer also depends on what day it is. Ten new leaders have joined the women's club since January 2007, including India's Pratibha Patil, Ukraine's Yulia Tymoshenko, and Argentina's Cristina Kirchner. With Tzipi Livni on the verge of forming a new government in Israel, the tally will rise again.
Yuri Kokoiko, who in September announced her intention to run for president of Japan, would rule a country where progress and tradition have equally powerful claims. The title of one of her publications sums it up: "Climbing the Pyramid in a Kimono."
Can We Have It All?
Should women—suited, swathed, and kimonoed—take charge everywhere? Former (and first female) White House Press Secretary Dee Dee Myers says so, at least for the sake of argument, in Why Women Should Rule the World (Random House, 2008). Her rationale: We are better communicators, better listeners, and better consensus builders than men, and all three skills are essential to any nation. Most of us are willing to defer that discussion until we reach political parity with men. And the happy day, according to UNIFEM's calculation, is just 37 years away.
A UNIFEM study released September 16 shows that the proportion of women in national legislatures worldwide has gone up 7 percentage points since 1995, after decades with only about 1% annual increases. We hold 18.4% of parliamentary seats worldwide. If the trend holds, this report estimates, women in developing countries will reach parity in 2045 and those in so-called developed ones as soon as 2028. The United States, however, with a legislature that is 16% female, has yet to adopt quotas. And quotas, where they are being applied, make a tremendous difference.
As many as 97 nations now have some kind of quotas for women in government, and 46 have constitutional quotas at the national level. In the Inter-Parliamentary Union's ranking of 188 nations by percentage of women legislators, Rwanda, where, as of September 15, women hold 45 of 80 seats in the lower house, currently leads the world. Sweden, Cuba, Finland, and Argentina round out the top five nations. The US ranks 69th.
Nahla Arif and Basma Fakri, Iraqi members of Peace X Peace, have been closely watching the negotations on quotas in the Iraq constititution. Today they see quotas as one indication that democracy is truly taking hold. "Our constitution specified a quota of 25% women for the national legislature, the Council of Representatives," Nahla told us. On September 23, we learned that provincial councils will also require 25% representation.
Though quotas vary in the thresholds they set and in the degree to which they're enforced, the quota itself sends a message that women are entitled to representation. The Beijing Platform for Action specified 30% as the point at which policy begins to look different, though minimums of 40% women and 40% men, as in Spain and Norway, seem to give the most effective balance.
Winning Isn't Everything
Women don't even need to win the seats they run for to make a difference. The campaign, like the quota, creates new images and new expectations for the electorate. It's also a valuable learning experience for the candidate and the team that supports her.
Elsa Carrio, whose 2002 run for president of Argentina was documented in Peace by Peace, Women on the Frontlines, was the first runner-up to Cristina Kirchner in 2007, and will certainly be heard from again. Notably, Argentina was the first country in Latin America to establish a quota for its legislature: 30%, in 1991.
At Omega's Women, Power, and Peace conference last fall, Rigoberta Menchu Tum commented wryly on the reactions to her 2006 Nobel Peace Prize and her 2007 presidential campaign. "When you win the Prize, they say, 'Come, sit up here; sit by me.' But when you try to touch the power. . ."
She came in seventh, and she was proud to have disregarded the advice of would-be handlers, who told her she had to get thin and get a suit.
Dr. Karambu Ringera, a Peace X Peace member who ran for office in Kenya's ill-fated December 2007 elections, can't wait to try again. "God places us where we can do the work we have committed our hearts to," she explains. This year Karambu is teaching peace and conflict resolution at the University of Nairobi.
As long as women are the minority in a government, they tend to be relegated to committees that carry out "women's work" — health, education, women's and children's affairs—rather than those that control finance, international relations, and other typically male areas. The 15.6% who have achieved ministerial-level or head-of-agency positions worldwide similarly cluster in the "softer" departments. Belgium, with 55%, is the only country with a majority of women ministers in its national government.
Tipping the balance like this, or making it to the top position, as Liberia's Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, Chile's Michelle Bachelet (whose cabinet is 50% female), Ireland's Mary McAleese, and others have done, is the one sure way to get out of the kitchen and into the control room with the big-money spigots.
Whose Power Is It . . . and for What?
So, what looks different when women rule? "Iron Mags" Thatcher seemed more inspired by the bellicose Boadicea (or the Amazons of Dahomey, or the Chinese Mulan, whose legend inspired the 1998 Disney movie) than by Rigoberta, Betty Maguire and Mairead Corrigan, or other modern heroines of peace. Holding sway, even at the highest level, is ultimately worthless unless it leads to progressive policies that are adequately funded and put into place on the ground—unless it changes people's lives for the better.
The excellent social services and generally high quality of life in the Scandinavian countries, where women are strong in government and the social sector, is one indication. Still, no country in the world today is completely free from the culture of militarism or completely egalitarian. Our belief that the world will look different when women hold sway is still a hypothesis. But it's one that deserves to be tested.
The Fawcett Society, the UK's leading advocate for gender equality, identifies four C's that slow women's progress towards political parity around the world: cultural prohibitions and lack of confidence, childcare, and cash. The good news is that all four are things women can overcome with concerted efforts. As Dee Dee Myers noted, we talk, we listen, we solve problems, and we stick together. And we have something called common sense in common.
International organizations like Peace X Peace are multiplying the power of women by the power of the internet so we can all win together. In an increasingly democratizing world, we lift a few to the top so they can serve the many. For as Mother Teresa once said, "If we have no peace, it is because we have forgotten that we belong to each other."
[In the map on the masthead, from the website Jezebel, countries where women are or have been full-term heads of state are shaded in dark pink, and those with acting female heads are shaded in light pink.]
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