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Property, microprocessors, and the future of ownership
When GPS- enabled microprocessors are as pervasive as paper and just as cheap, what then?
What is 'property'? I got stuff; you got stuff. But which stuff is mine and which is not mine? At work I have two or three staplers. They have sat in my office, being punched now and then, for about 14 years. But I don't consider them mine; they are the school's property. I'm moving the pointer around on this MacBook by means of (ironically) a USB Microsoft mouse. I bought it just yesterday at Walmart, yet it's not Walmart's property -- it's my property. If one night I caught the school president, red-handed, sneaking out of my office carting away my staplers and school envelopes within a burlap bag, I'd call him a jerk. But if I caught him likewise carting off my books and coffee maker, I'd call the cops.
The above thought experiments get at some of our intuitions on the matter, but do not identify all the types of property. Typically, property is classified in three genera: land, items of a personal kind, and (the ever-nebulous category of) intellectual property. Here we will be concerned only with personal property.
1. Property and 'rights'
In biology, 'genera' is a taxonomic category consisting of a group of species exhibiting similar characteristics. So too, all the different genera of property seem to share something concerning rights. Certain rights are accorded to the owner of the property. Once explicitly stated, property rights are pretty much in accord with our common sense: (1) The owner gets to use or control the property. (2) The owner gets to buy or sell the property as s/he sees fit. (3) The owner gets to keep others from using it. And, most importantly, (4) the owner gets to collect benefits from the property.
Consider an example to bring out some of the implications of these property rights. Suppose I go to the store and buy a can of Campbell's mushroom soup. Along with some greasy German sausage and my propane BBQ grill, I pack-up my soup and head-out to a much over-grown campsite in a state park for a nite's stay. Now, Douglas R. Conant, President and Chief Executive Officer of Campbell Soup Company, happens to be in the camp site next to me. He curiously watches as I pull out a couple of sturdy wool socks and double-cover the soup can. At this point, I begin to wildly swing the can-n-sock apparatus around, knocking flat all the overgrown switch grass and cat tails. I then remove the soup can, open it, and begin trying to shake the gelatinous, mushroom soup contents out, so as to use the can as a grease trap for my BBQ grill. (Fortunately a hungry, but well-financed, boy comes along with an empty styrofoam soda cup, and I sell him the contents for a handsome profit of five bucks.) Finally, I then peel off the label, and, with the help of a magnifying glass, use it to start the grill's fire. Mr. Conant has had enough. He runs over. "Excuse me," he says, "I happen to know a bit about Campbell's soup products, and these shenanigans of yours are definitely not what the company had in mind for that particular item." Admittedly, he lectures me with some authority on the matter.
How might I answer him in light of my property rights? Quite straightforwardly, I may say that, as the owner, I get to use the can of mushroom soup anyway I please. If I want to sell its contents at a profit, then so be it; or, I could have kept the soup for myself and dumped it on the ground. It's my decision as the legal owner. Furthermore, not only was part of its contents to my advantage financially, but the tin can is highly temperature resistant, so as to be adapted to my ends. Thus, again as the rightful owner, I may enjoy both benefits.
However, sometimes property rights are not as straightforward as the above example makes them appear. I happen to own a house in Oklahoma oil country. I bought the land, and some kind man took my money and built me a house upon it. Also, there is a well on the land, which means I can draw water from the ground. But I can't draw just anything from the ground. Owning the property gives me the right to the water, but I don't have what's called 'mineral rights' -- which is "the ownership of minerals (coal, oil, gas, etc.) under a given surface and the legal right to enter that area and mine and remove them." Ownership of mineral rights also "includes the right to use as much of the land surface as may be reasonably necessary for the conduct of mining operations."[Calf] This means that Mr. Golden Driller and his heinously dusty trucks could make dirt-scar roads into my backyard so as to access one of his many oil derricks. Admittedly, an eye sore, but too bad for me.
2. Property and 'ownership'
2.1. Just what is owned?
One way of seeing the situation is that maybe Mr. Driller and I are not co-owners of the same piece of property; instead, we own two separate properties, but as a practical matter they are (inconveniently) inter-twined. But another way of seeing the situation is that I own one set of attributes of the property, while Mr. Driller owns another set of attributes of the same property. Which is right? Imagine two minor deities proclaiming their respective areas of authority. One says, "I am the god of circles!" The other says, "I am the god of triangles!" A troublesome worshiper comes along and asks, "Uh, who's the god of cones?" In philosophy, arguments like this fall under a topic called 'material constitution'
I predict that the continued (and eventually complete) penetration of microprocessors into the mundane objects of the world will exacerbate issues like those seen in the mineral rights case. Before showing this, there is related issue about property which must be addressed.
2.2. Tracking what is owned
Last week, Intel introduced the first products of a new generation of system-on-a-chip (SoC) designs that will target markets in
"consumer electronics, mobile Internet devices, and embedded systems. Currently, these new products each contain four chips -- a CPU core, memory controller, input/output controller, and acceleration technology -- integrated into one system. Intel claims the SoCs are 45% smaller and uses 34% less power than other Intel chips with similar capabilities."[InfoWeek]One of the declared uses for SoCs is telephony and wireless infrastructure. The full version of SoCs will hit when there is mass production of Atom, which is "one of Intel's latest 45-nanometer-scale manufactured processors. The low-power chip available with one or two cores is expected to have a clock speed ranging from 800 MHz to 1.87 GHz and is aimed at ultramobile PCs, smartphones, mobile Internet devices, and other portable and low-power applications." Later, even graphics processing will be added to the die. In the longer run, Intel is banking on what many futurists have been predicting for years -- that there will be "an emerging market that will someday encompass billions of next-generation Internet-connected devices, ranging from handheld computers in people's pockets to home health-monitoring devices sending patient data to doctors in a medical center."[InfoWeek]
Actually, the idea of billions of devices understates things, since any given item that can be given a barcode could just as well be given a full system-on-a-chip, if the price of such systems were as cost effective as barcodes -- that is to say, if such systems were as cheap as paper. A single sheet of paper costs about one-half cent, and many minimum-sized barcodes can fit on a single sheet of paper; thus, the area of a sheet of paper divided by the minimum barcode size gives a pretty good approximation of the significant raw materials cost of affixing a barcode on a label. I am unclear how many barcodes are actually present on currently marketed products, but I do know that over 330 billion barcoded manufacturer paper coupons are issued in the US annually.[Barcode]
And it is an accepted truism that computing hardware gets smaller at a known rate, and that processing power also advances at a known rate. But the interaction between computers is now being seen as also of importance. 'Cloud computing', seen as a common pool, becomes more powerful when additional processors are added as resources. As whole systems become cheaper and more ubiquitous, the costs of storing and processing data become all the more cheaper. For now, wireless devices do not lend their unused cycles to The Cloud, but eventually this would seem to be in the interests of everyone. The reason this does not happen is probably based on risk assessment: there's a worry about privacy, spam, and firewall mischief. But such risk might not matter when there are so many devices with computing power that no single one stands out as worthy of cyber-attack. Books used to be chained to iron bars because they were so rare and valuable. Now, they are freely available to the public in libraries, and loaned out to the most shady commoners. Soon enough, wireless computing resources will find a similar nonchalant role in everyday life.
Eventually a can of mushroom soup can report its date to the refrigerator, which might be a grocery-monitoring clearing house for when things have spoiled, sat on the shelf unused for months (or years), and for how money is spent on what food consumption. Indeed, virtually every piece of property will be in wireless dialogue with many other pieces of property. The exact state and location of each duly and continually reported. All of this has been noted before by observers of technology.
Such a world of self-reporting property brings up many questions. So akin to the question of land rights and mineral rights is another: Are there wireless rights?
3. Wireless property rights
In some ways, issues of privacy are really just another way of thinking about property. A person wants the ability to control what information s/he reveals about him or herself in the public space, whether it be print, media, or Internet. Ultimately, a person wants to control access to information, albeit of a personal variety in the case of privacy. Thus, information can be productively thought of as a kind of personal property.
Some kinds of property are shared in common. For example, clean air is a good which is desirable for everyone; it is shared, and offers benefits to the community. Sometimes, however, what is desirable for one set of people is not desirable for another set. Suppose after his camping trip, Mr. Conant realizes he's been quite shaken by my strange usage of his product, and decides to propose a most peculiar agenda item at the next meeting of the Grocery Manufactures Association (GMA). The association will equip a fleet of trucks with wireless routers and surveyors, and drive through my neighborhood to see what other sort of GMA associated products I have sitting on my shelves. (Remember, this is the future where microprocessors in products are now as cheap and ubiquitous as bar codes.) It might be quite desirable and useful for the GMA to see what sorts of products are in my possession, and also for how long I've had them. But this is information I do not want them to have about me.
The GMA might argue that such information, like air, is free to all. Just as one steps out on a cold morning and breaths in an open lung-full of air; so too, they are merely taking advantage of the open spectrum of detection. After all, they might further argue, the Brick Industry Association (BIA) recently drove through the neighborhood and took pictures of all the houses, and then ran these photos through an advanced color spectrum scanner. The BIA company then determined what the most popular preferences were for bricks. And no one charged them with invasion of privacy, since they kept on public streets and acquired information which was accessible from a public area. We are doing the same thing, the GMA concludes, but instead of using light spectrum, we are using radio frequency spectrum to determine popular grocery preferences.
Here the allusion to mineral rights becomes straightforward. Once again, owning the property gives me the right to use and store things as I will upon it (or within it), but perhaps I don't have 'information rights' -- which, perhaps, is the ownership of radio spectrum within a given area and the legal right to exclude that spectrum to common use.
Like mineral rights, ownership of information rights could perhaps be bought by others, or simply not excluded to others, so that they have the right to inventory spectrum-emitting devices in ways that are reasonably necessary for the conduct of information gathering for commercial reconnaissance. Thus, the GMA and their modified router campers could cruise up and down my street all day long so as to record the inventory reporting of my products.
Again, Mr. Conant, as a member of the GMA, and I, as a private purchaser, are not co-owners of the same piece of property -- say, a soup can; instead, we own two separate properties, but as a practical matter, they are (inconveniently for my privacy, at least) inter-twined. Or, maybe the soup can is a single item, but I own one set of attributes (i.e., its contents, container, and function for use), while GMA members, among others, could buy another set of attributes (i.e., its reporting information) of the same property.
4. Conclusion
When GPS-enabled microprocessors are as pervasive as paper and just as cheap, I think a second round of discussion of property rights will be forced upon us. The questions unfold in ways parallel to the common sense notions of property outlined earlier: (1) Will the wireless information associated with the property of an owner be controlled or used solely by that owner? (2) Will the owner get to buy or sell that information as s/he sees fit? (3) Shall that owner get to keep others from using that information? And, finally, (4) Does the owner alone get to collect benefits from the information associated with property?
Just as the patent office wrestles with the subtleties of what abstract structures can and cannot be patented -- e.g., formulas cannot, software can; likewise, what counts as common goods, public goods, and private goods will also force society to delineate what kinds of abstractions can be controlled by individuals, corporation, and government.
[image] CMEA Ventures
[infoWeek] Antone Gonsalves "Intel Revamps Its System-On-Chip Design" Information Week July 24, 2008 (Accessed July 24, 2008).
[calf] "Mineral Rights" Glossary The California Forest Products Commission (Accessed July 24, 2008)
[Barcode] "Coupons" GS1 US Barcodes and eCom - The Global Language of Business (Accessed August 8, 2008)
Labels: automotive technology, material constitution, microprocessors, Philosophy, Property, Rights


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Missouri Foundation for Well being is a catalyst for change, bettering the well being of Missourians by partnership, experience, information, and funding. Do different international locations spend tens of millions a dollars to save the life of one premature baby or do not they not have the expertise? Health care bills are also elevated as a result of we have now the technology to do things we were not in a position to do earlier than. I love this article! I have been wishing and hoping for a UHC system in the US for years and everyone thought I used to be crazy! I come from a very conservative republican family and they're so anti-obamacare. Medicare supplies a client experience rating based upon patient surveys as well as metrics established to improve affected person outcomes.
Impressed by the success of the #bcsm (breast cancer social media) and #lcsm (lung cancer social media) communities among others, we're launching #obsm (obesity social media). Our purpose is for the chat to function a connection between all stakeholders in the struggle to end obesity—surgeons, internists, bariatricians, gastroenterologists, nutritions, psychologists, therapists, nutritionists, dietitians, bodily therapists, private trainers, and most importantly, patients and their help networks.
Let's not confuse the difficulty with charity. The goal right here is to fix health insurance for the vast majority of Individuals -individuals who buy homes, automobiles, and cell phones; individuals who buy insurance for their homes and life insurance so their families. Middleware has great potential for mitigating healthcare IT interoperability points. Nonetheless, as a result of it mediates network services to applications, middleware also can create main safety points—probably enough to offset any advantages.
Hospitals/Inpatient Service Suppliers lose and loads: With out premium subsidies, more individuals will forego business medical health insurance, and Medicaid could have much less money. Since a whole lot of inpatient healthcare utilization is preference insensitive , meaning more bad debt and deeper charge schedule discounts. By the way in which, rates of interest are destined to rise, making hospital debt more expensive. They're going to consolidate, and a professional-business local weather in D.C. may make this simpler.
Glorious lens on laughter and therapeutic- angel blessed and will probably be featured on NOvember Blessings beneath mnetal health and humor. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GB): This occurred to me in 2012 and it was severely one of many scariest things on the earth to go through. I used to be fortunate enough to have a gentle case. There is no correlation between Sjögren's and Guillain-Barre, however GB is also an autoimmune disease. My position is multi-faceted, and I'm going from gardening with the volunteers to liaising with Group Psychiatric Nurses to sitting in fundraising conferences.

subset: commoncrawl


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Even though the weather isn't particularly summery at the moment, I thought I'd still carry on with my summer necessities because you never know we might be gifted with an unforeseen heat wave and there's still people going on holiday. The product I'm focusing on this post is one of Superdrugs own.
I love this product, it's ideal for nights out and holidays. I usually apply this after I've been in the shower/bath and after moisturising. You get the full effect of it when either you're wearing fake tan or have that nice natural summer tan but it also looks great without either! The result is your skin will have a lovely healthy glow with a touch of shimmer, and it smells amazing! Plus it's added moisture if your skin is feeling particularly dehydrated.
The price is slightly more than your standard Superdrug product, pricing at £7.99 but it is definitely worth the extra cost as it lasts for a long time. A little goes a long way with this product. And of course as always, it is cruelty free and vegan friendly.


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Archaeology & the Bible: Has Archaeology Gone Overboard in Throwing Out the Bible? [required reading]
"When we learn to read (excavate!) the text geographically, historically, and archaeologically, the Bible has much to contribute to the archaeological process. Reciprocally, archaeology has a great deal to contribute to our understanding of biblical texts."
Bronze Age: Bronze Age Collapse: Pollen Study Highlights Late Bronze Age Drought [required reading]
"… what caused the Bronze Age collapse? Scholars have proposed a combination of factors including marauding Sea Peoples, plagues and earthquakes leading to a so-called 'systems collapse,' in which complex societal networks broke down under mounting interregional economic or demographic pressures. … A recent study of pollen grains in sediment cores beneath the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea provides a new view …"
Corinth: The Erastus Inscription at Corinth
"Paul calls attention to a person named Erastus who was a 'city treasurer.' He would be one of the few ('not many') Christians who were among the socially elite at Corinth (1 Corinthians 1:26). … It is of interest that during the 1929 archaeological excavation of the area near the theater, a plaza was located that contained a stone inscription bearing the name of Erastus and indicating that he was a public official."
Crusades: What Were the Crusades and How Did They Impact Jerusalem?
"What were the Crusades, really? In truth … Crusades history has acquired a bit of a romantic glow in our modern times, a glow that is far from the gritty, bloody reality."
David & Tel Dan: The Tel Dan Inscription: The First Historical Evidence of King David from the Bible
"What made the Tel Dan inscription one of the most exciting Biblical archaeology discoveries for scholars and the broader public was its unprecedented reference to the 'House of David.' The stela's fragmented inscription … proved that King David from the Bible was a genuine historical figure and not simply the fantastic literary creation of later Biblical writers and editors. Perhaps more important, the stela, set up by one of ancient Israel's fiercest enemies more than a century after David's death, still recognized David as the founder of the kingdom of Judah."
Jehoash Tablet: * Jehoash Tablet Released, Golan Partially Vindicated; * Jehoash Tablet Must Be Returned to Owner
* "It remains to be seen what will happen to Golan's claim to the James ossuary, but this is a partial victory for his claims."
* "Like the James Ossuary, we will probably never know if this document is authentic."
Kedesh in Galilee: Picture of the Week: Kedesh in Galilee
"Our first stop is the ancient city of 'Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali' (Joshua 20:7). This site is located just west of the Huleh Basin, in the region north of the Sea of Galilee."
Shephelah: Are You Guarding Your Shephelah? [essential reading]
"Between the Philistine plain and the Hill Country where God's people dwelt lay 10 miles of low rolling hills. This buffer zone was known as the 'Shephelah.' The hills of the Shephelah were a geographical buffer that represented a spiritual barrier. You have a Shephelah in your life as well. Here's a lesson on how you can guard it."


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Two motorcyclists from Chilton were seriously hurt, after they were hit by a pickup truck yesterday afternoon in Fond du Lac County.
Fond du Lac County sheriff's deputies say the 44-year-old driver was taken to a hospital, and his passenger, a 41-year-old woman was flown to ThedaCare's Neenah hospital.
The people in the pickup are from Sturgeon Bay. They weren't hurt. Deputies say a 44-year-old woman was driving, and she didn't yield at a stop sign, at the intersection of Hwy. 23 and Hwy. G, in the town of Forest.
They say speed and alcohol were not factors.


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!!Happy New Year Guys!!Tuesday, January 1, 2013
Happy New Year Guys!!
All best for the new year! health, happiness, luck, love and riches!
6 Responses to "!!Happy New Year Guys!!"
admin Says:
I'm going to drink vodka!
Peter Says:
Hi, I want to thank you all the hard work you put into posting these videos, happy new year and looking forward to seeing more videos in 2013, thanks to you I get a regular CP fix
admin Says:
Thank you Peter! I'm a little drunk. and I hope you are relaxing in the night!
In the new year, though many new releases. not all at once. but it will be!
write your wishes here. you might want to any site-rip. Your messages will be available here after my viewing. I can `t do it automatically, since a lot of spam.
Martin Says:
Happy New Year
All my best wishes to this great site and to the admin who is providing us
with those great movies and videos .
and I wish a happy new year for all of of site visitors ..
I just want to know how can I contact the admin for requests, notices or feedbacks ??
admin Says:
I just want to know how can I contact the admin for requests, notices or feedbacks ??
write "Comments". I will see. 🙂
Ash Says:
Many thanks for all you've done. Have a good 2013


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"Peace Haven", Tonragee West
Peace Haven is a spacious, South-West facing detached, Freehold Bungalow built by the current owners for their own occupation. The House is set on an ample site in a peaceful location surrounded by mature shrubs and trees between the Mountains on the one side and Gubastore Bay on the shores of the Atlantic Sea on the other side and affording views over Gubadasna Bay and the surrounding mountains beyond.
Peace Haven is just 50m approx away from the Greenway Cycling and Walking Path which runs 26miles approx from Westport through to Achill Island, 3miles approx from Achill Sound and 6miles approx from the magnificent blue flag beaches of Mulranny Village.
Accommodation: Front Porch 2m x 3m : Hallway leading to: Sitting Room, 5.175m x 4.05m with glass fronted stove inset in a locally made marble fireplace surround and hearth : Dining Room, 3.33m x 3.75m with Serving Hatch opening onto Kitchen, 3.55m x 3.3m with Solid Fuel Range also serving Central Heating and Hot Water, fitted cupboards either side of Range housing cylinder tank, Fitted Base units, double Sink with Mixer Taps and Double Drainer : Kitchenette area, 2.35m x 1.66m with fridge and access to large Loft and water tanks : Utility Room, 2.35m x 2.99 with freestanding – Washing Machine, Electric Oven, Calor Gas Oven, Single Sink and drainer : Back Porch, 2.03m x 3.025m housing Electric Boiler which warms the house daily :
Bedroom One, 2.91m x 4.175m white suite of fitted Wardrobes, fitted Chest of Drawers and Headboard : Bedroom two, 2.91 x 4.175 : Bedroom three, 4.07m x 3.57m En-Suite Shower Room, WC and wash-hand basin : Bedroom four, 3.75 x 3.82 with fitted Wardrobes, En-Suite Wet Room with Shower, WC and wash-hand basin : Family Bathroom, turquoise suite comprising – Bath with Shower attachment, WC and Wash-Hand Basin set into Vanitory Unit, Fitted linen cupboard.
Exterior: Cattle Grid fronting large Driveway that extends all round the house : Metal Storage Shed: Mature Garden and Trees to front and rear : Peace Haven has Single Glazing throughout : Tiled Roof :
Serviced with Electricity Supply : Mains Water Supply : Septic Tank : Solid Fuel and Oil Fired Central Heating :
This is the first time Peace Haven is being sold and it offers a wonderful opportunity to upgrade or refurbish the property to create your own beautiful family home by the sea.
Ref No: A1012 BER: G
Agent Information
- Office: + 353 (0) 98 41145
- Mobile: + 353 (0) 87 2443513
- Fax: 353 (0) 98 41145
Location & Information
- Bedrooms: 4
- Bathrooms: 3
- Property Type: Achill, For Sale, Property


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Hide Forgot
From Bugzilla Helper:
User-Agent: Opera/7.23 (X11; Linux i686; U) [en]
Description of problem:
The configuration file /etc/sysconfig/spamassassin, as packaged with
the spamassassin RPM, is formatted with CRLF line-ends. This breaks
the initialization script when additional settings such as NICELEVEL
are entered into this file to be sourced during service startup
and/or shutdown.
This is trivial to fix, once noticed, but the resulting error
reported by the init script is misleading, and the true problem of
the DOS-formatted file is not at all obvious.
I have checked the spamassassin packages for Fedora Core 1, Fedora
Core 2 test 3, Rawhide, and even Red Hat 9, and this file is in DOS
format in each and all of them.
Version-Release number of selected component (if applicable):
How reproducible:
Steps to Reproduce:
1. Check format of /etc/sysconfig/spamassassin:
root@localhost# file /etc/sysconfig/spamassassin
/etc/sysconfig/spamassassin: ASCII text, with CRLF line terminators
2. Edit /etc/sysconfig/spamassassin and add a NICELEVEL option:
root@localhost# vi /etc/sysconfig/spamassassin
# Options to spamd
SPAMDOPTIONS="-d -c -a -m5 -H"
# Add this line:
3. Check format of /etc/sysconfig/spamassassin again:
root@localhost# file /etc/sysconfig/spamassassin
/etc/sysconfig/spamassassin: ASCII text, with CRLF line terminators
4. Attempt to start the service:
root@localhost# service spamassassin start
Actual Results: The service fails to start because of an invalid
parameter being passed to `nice`:
'tarting spamd: nice: invalid priority `19
Expected Results: The service should have started, with a nice level
as specified in the sysconfig file.
Additional info:
After adding a `set -x` in the init script:
root@localhost# service spamassassin start
+ '[' color = verbose -a -z '' ']'
+ '[' -z '' ']'
' nice -n $'19\r' initlog -q -c 'spamd -d -c -a -m5 -H
'ice: invalid priority `19
Converting the file to standard UNIX ASCII text, as all other files
in /etc/sysconfig are, solves the problem.
fixed in spamassassin-3.0-0.0.svn20040524


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Piaget Worksheet
Piaget Worksheet
Directions: Review Module 26 of Psychology and Your Life. Complete the matrix below and answer the questions that follow.
Cognitive Stage| Age Range| Major Characteristics|
Sensorimotor| Birth-2 years| Development of object permanence, development of motor skills, little or no capacity for symbolic representation (Feidman, 2010, p. 19).| Preoperational| 2-7 years| Development of language and symbolic thinking, egocentric thinking (Feidman, 2010, p. 19).| Concrete operational mastery| 7-12 years| Development of conversation, of concept of reversibility (Feidman, 2010, p. 19).| Formal operational| 12 years – adulthood| Development of logical and abstract thinking (Feidman, 2010, p. 19).|
1. This is the awareness that objects and people continue to exist, even if they are out of sight.
a. Recognition
b. Object permanence
c. Intuition
d. Cognitive development
2. During this stage, motor skills are developed; however, there is little or no capacity for symbolic representation.
e. Formal operational
f. Concrete operational mastery
g. Sensorimotor
h. Preoperational
3. This is the term for when children view the world from only their perspective.
i. Egocentric thought
j. Conceited
k. Metacognition
l. Self-esteem
4. The knowledge that quantity is unrelated to the arrangement and physical appearance of objects.
m. Principle of conservation
n. Zone of proximal development
o. Mass
p. Formal operational stage
5. This term involves the planning, monitoring, and revising of cognitive strategies.
q. Authoritative
r. Principle of conservation
s. Metacognition
t. Information processing
Works Cited
Feidman, R. S. (2010). Learning. In Psychology and Your Life (p. Ch. 8). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
Cited: Feidman, R. S. (2010). Learning. In Psychology and Your Life (p. Ch. 8). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
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The meeting of the Investment Promotion Agencies from all over Russia took place at "KazanSummit"
International Economic Summit "Russia — Islamic World: KazanSummit 2017", which is the main site for economic interaction between the Russian regions and the countries of Organization of Islamic Cooperation was held in the capital of Tatarstan.
The discussions on the development of Islamic finance, Halal sphere, as well as the conferences of Young Diplomats of OIC countries, round tables and panel discussions were held at several sites. Also, along with traditional themes of the Islamic economy, the issues of IT industry and other relevant topics were actively discussed at the summit.
On May 19, in the framework of the Summit the workgroup of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, which is engaged in the development of Investment Promotion Agencies of Russian regions and simplifying of the processes of cooperation in the sphere of private-public partnership, held a meeting on regional investment agencies' efficiency improvement. The meeting brought together representatives of corporations and development agencies from all over Russia, key federal development institutions, federal and regional authorities.
The speakers of the meeting were the Director of the department of investment policy and development of public and private partnership of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation Vladislav Barmichev, the CEO of World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies (WAIPA) Bostjan Skalar, the Chairman of the board of "National Association of the agencies of investments and development" Sergey Belyakov, the General Director of JSC "Development corporation of Samara region" Andrey Novikov.
An "unfavorable atmosphere" which is a result of cancellation of private-public partnership (PPP) competitions in Ufa for the construction of automobile road curtails the engagement of investors in a project of this nature. This view was expressed by the Chairman of the board of "National Association of the agencies of investments and development" Sergey Belyakov. "The atmosphere which was created as a result of cancellation of these competitions in Ufa is, certainly, unpleasant. And this situation is much more a significant discouragement to private sector investors participation in private-public partnership projects", - he remarked.
The Head of Tatarstan Investment Development Agency Taliya Minullina also made a presentation at the meeting.
"Such meetings in the regions allow participants to demonstrate effectively how the region is developing, to discuss the findings of development agencies and institutions, exchange the experience with the colleagues, and motivate each other on investment growth of our country", - Taliya Minullina noted, - "For the second consecutive year the Republic of Tatarstan takes the leading position in National rating of the investment climate of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. We have a lot to share and learn".


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Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment in New Jersey
Rheumatoid arthritis is a destructive form of arthritis that attacks the joints of the body, including those of the hands, wrists, feet, and ankles.
The most common symptoms:
- Pain
- Swelling
- Stiffness
Unlike osteoarthritis, which typically affects one specific joint, symptoms of RA usually appear in both feet, affecting the same joints on each foot.
Non-surgical treatments include steroid medications injected into the joints, anti-inflammatory drugs and pain relievers. There are also several surgical options.
Arthroscopic Surgery
Arthroscopy of the foot and ankle gives our team a way to evaluate and treat many foot and ankle problems in a minimally invasive manner. In an arthroscopy, the surgeon inserts a small camera into a specific joint area, whether it be the ankle or even the great toe joint. By using the scope, the surgeon is able to minimize the use of long incisions, soft tissue damage, and to avoid unnecessary dissection. This means a shorter recovery time and reduced pain and discomfort following the procedure. Arthroscopy can be used to treat many ailments, including arthritis, ankle ligament sprains and tears, ankle fractures, cartilage defects and even tendon damage.
The foot doctors of Advanced Foot and Ankle Surgeons provide comprehensive care and treatment for the full range of foot and ankle problems. There are many advantages to having your rheumatoid arthritis treated by our experienced and skilled surgeons including:
Advanced pain management
Our doctors use advanced pain management techniques to minimize post-operative discomfort. On a scale of ten, most of our patients report a pain level of 2 or less following surgery.
Personalized treatment plan
We treat our patients "as if they were family" and you will receive your surgeon's full attention before, during and after your procedure. We can even arrange for a patient who has had a similar procedure to share information with you in advance, to give you a well-rounded view of what you might expect during your own procedure and recovery.


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Keepsake Baby Quilts from ScrapsBy: Julie Higgins (author)Paperback
Up to 2 WeeksUsually despatched within 2 weeks
DescriptionThe designs in this book were created with a quest for softness and "Sunday Best" appeal. Many beginner patterns are included and most of them can be sewn from scraps or from precuts. Through history, quilters have lovingly created heirloom quilts from scraps on hand. With our current economic times, these scrappy designs will give you the opportunity to use those bits and pieces of fabric you already have. If you are new to quilting and short on scraps, some designs use popular jelly roll strips or charm squares for that scrappy look. Whatever fabrics you use to create these designs, you can be assured that the recipient of your labor will cherish these keepsakes for baby for years to come!
About AuthorJulie Higgins started quilting in 2000 and won her first awards in 2003. She loves designing and sewing all kinds of quilts from traditional to art quilts, including portraits from fabric. Julie lives with her husband and daughter on the shores of Lake Lemon, located near Unionville, Indiana.
Product Details
- publication date: 05/02/2010
- Format: Paperback
- Number Of Pages: 48
Delivery Information
- Saver Delivery: Yes
- 1st Class Delivery: Yes
- Courier Delivery: Yes
- Store Delivery: Yes


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A new project from writer Jason Pell and artist Ryan Howe is on Kickstarter. It is a new comic book with a very different kind of story called Suicide 5.
Suicide 5 is about five people willing to die for immortal fame. The story has the group force Mason, a shut-in sculptor, to be the judge of the suicides for originality and style. The story follows the characters through their deadly game and shows the dread and fear they all experience.
Also if you got last year's Kickstarter Season's End by Pell and Blake Wheeler and want more story from it, there is a short story set in the same world in the Suicide 5 book. You can get some new original art from it as well in the rewards. Blake has painted a short story that will act as a bridge to further Season's End tales.
The goal is $8,500, with $7,000 for printing, $700 for shipping, and the rest for incidentals. Any extra funds will go to promotion and/or using a bigger publisher. So far (as of this writing) $2,085 has already been raised. You have till October 2 to donate.


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Innovative Economical Assessment builds on the material coated partially I of Mounted Profits and Equity Investments. The module focuses on the key pillars of essential prime-down equity analysis: the primary aim is to deliver an in-depth Assessment of how the options presented by economical specifications can influence claimed enterprise functionality and so expense decisions.
And while the DEA experienced immediately verified alone adept at focusing on the global phase — specifically in partnerships with drug-infested nations around the world Determined for U.S. help like Colombia — couple of individuals inside the U.S. federal government considered it for a legitimate counterterrorism force.
Because of this, undertaking power members claim, Project Cassandra was progressively seen being a danger to the administration's endeavours to protected a nuclear deal, and the top-top secret prisoner swap that was going to be negotiated.
But with out the specter of prison time, complicit financial institution officials clammed up. And without the need of pressure over the many other economical institutions in Lebanon and the region, Hezbollah merely moved its banking enterprise somewhere else.
And starting in 2007, DEA agents viewed being a professional jetliner from Venezuela's state-operate Conviasa airline flew from Caracas to Tehran by means of Damascus, Syria, each individual week using a cargo-hold full of medication and cash.
This hugely specialised degree is designed to view website supply a practical understanding of a wide range of corporate finance companies and corporate transactions.
The Formal included: "The whole world is a great deal extra challenging than considered with the slender lens of drug trafficking. This means you're not intending to let CIA rule the roost, however , you're also absolutely not intending dig this to Enable DEA get it done either.
"Intelligence agencies are in a downside During this regard, Hence the DNI's forthcoming report ought to replicate the repeated results of regulation enforcement, prison courts, and Treasury designations."
×, Obama's counterterrorism adviser, expressed fears about utilizing RICO regulations from prime Hezbollah leaders and about the potential of reprisals, Based on several individuals knowledgeable about the summit.
Fall in and meet with among our volunteer tutors! This in-department software runs through Could and June at pick branches, and is also to start with appear very first served. No registration needed. We also…
The derailment of Project Cassandra also has undermined U.S. endeavours to ascertain how much cocaine from the various Hezbollah-affiliated networks is coming into the United States, especially from Venezuela, the place dozens of leading civilian and armed service officers are already beneath investigation for in excess of ten years.
"You'll be able to't Allow these things disintegrate," reported Kelly. "Sources evaporate. Who is aware if we can find all of visit site the people today willing to testify?"
Safieddine did not respond to requests for comment by way of many intermediaries like Hezbollah's media arm. A Hezbollah Formal, on the other hand, denied which the organization was involved in drug dealing.
By pursuing the money, nevertheless, Asher experienced grow to be confident that the task pressure wasn't overhyping the danger posed by Hezbollah's prison activities, it absolutely was substantially underestimating it.
- 249 Visitors


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Canadiens submit qualifying offers to four playersby Montreal Canadiens @canadiensMTL / canadiens.com
MONTREAL - The Canadiens announced on Monday that they submitted qualifying offers to four players.
View More
The offers were made to forwards Alex Galchenyuk, Jacob De La Rose and Max Friberg, as well as goaltender Charlie Lindgren.
Eight restricted free agents were not tendered offers: forwards Stefan Matteau, Mark MacMillan and Connor Crisp, and defensemen Nikita Nesterov, Ryan Johnston, Joel Hanley, Dalton Thrower and Keegan Lowe.


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I adore bread — whether it's a honey wheat loaf, garlic breadsticks or doughnuts. But even in the bread category, I have my favorites – and sweet rolls definitely top the list. These blueberry rolls are mildly sweet without being overpowering. Soft and delicious, they satisfy my need for comfort food every time! –Mellyn
Category Archives: Oil
Mini Pineapple Pepperoni Pizzas!
Pizza is just one of those things…it's hearty and just naughty enough to be really satisfying. Our family loves to make mini pizzas, and I keep the ingredients on hand, so if it's been a crazy day and we're all craving something yummy — pizza it is! –Mellyn
Vanilla Cookies with Strawberry Buttercream Frosting
I love sugar cookies, but I don't always have the time to make them or the inclination to clean up the kitchen afterwards. These pretty, little cookies solve both problems — they're fast to make and since they're scooped, not rolled, they make less mess! –Mellyn Continue reading
Strawberry-Pasta Salad
Pasta and pecans are set off by a strawberry vinaigrette in this tasty pasta salad that makes a perfect lunch or light dinner. –Mellyn Continue reading
Chocolate-Strawberry Cake
Nutty Granola
Adapted from a recipe by Julia L.
Oatmeal is so nutritious and good for you at breakfast time, but some days I just crave cold cereal –that's when it's granola to the rescue! Over the last few years, we've dramatically cut back on cold cereal, replacing it in large part with…drum roll, please…granola. We have 2 favorite flavors. This first one is similar to what my mom used to make when I was a kid and has a nutty, coconut-y flavor.–Mellyn
Basic Pancake Mix
Pancake mix is a life saver on busy mornings…or busy evenings, for that matter! This is my current favorite pancake mix. Keep it in the fridge for quick pancakes whenever you need something fast and delicious! –Mellyn Continue reading
Bran Muffins
From Julie L.
These are some of my all-time favorite muffins! I like to double or even triple the batter. It'll keep for several days in the refrigerator in an airtight container. Don't stir it after storing –just pour and use. We like them for breakfast with butter and jam or as a side with corn chowder for dinner. The kids also eat them for snacks. Good eats! –Mellyn Continue reading
Beef Noodle Bowl
This beefy noodle bowl is quick to whip up in just a few minutes and tastes like it took a lot longer. If you're not into canned beef, you could also make it with leftover roast or stew meat. It was deemed yummy by my panel of picky eaters! –Mellyn Continue reading
Sweet 'n Spicy Chicken
This is one of my all-time favorite chicken recipes. When I serve it to company, they never guess my "secret" ingredient — jelly! I especially like it served with rice and broccoli on the side. –Mellyn Continue reading
My Favorite Muffins
Jams, jellies and preserves — I like them all! I especially like their versatility. This week I'll share with you some of our favorite main dishes that sport jam as a main ingredient, along with some of our comfort-food favorites! –Mellyn
From Grace B.
When I was engaged, some friends threw a "Kitchen" Shower for me. Each person who came, brought an item to use in the kitchen, along with a favorite recipe. These recipes have been among my favorites over the years. Tried and true, they helped make my first attempts in the kitchen successful. My family loves Grace's favorite muffins, and they're just as good for dinner as they are for breakfast! Grace says you can make these muffins plain or hide jam in the middle for a sweet surprise. I often leave the jam on top because it looks so pretty…and because I'm lazy! Thanks for sharing your favorite muffins, Grace! –Mellyn
Yield: 12 muffins
- 2 tablespoons egg powder or 1 fresh egg
- 3 tablespoons water — omit if using fresh eggs
- 1/2 cup water — If using fresh milk, omit and use 1/2 cup milk instead
- 1/4 cup oil
- 1 1/2 cups flour
- 1 1/2 tablespoons nonfat dry milk powder –omit if using fresh milk
- 1/2 cup sugar
- 2 teaspoons baking powder
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 6-12 teaspoons jelly or jam
- Heat oven to 400 degrees.
- Prepare 12 medium muffin cups.
- Whisk egg powder into water or beat egg; stir in remaining liquid ingredients.
- Mix in dry ingredients just until flour is moistened. Batter should be lumpy.
- Fill muffin cups 2/3 full.
- Bake 15-20 minutes or until golden brown. Immediately remove from pan.
- For surprise muffins, drop 1 teaspoon of jelly or jam into each one before baking! (I use about 1/2 teaspoon.)
Breadsticks and Sauce
The smell of warm garlic bread is one of life's beautiful treasures. Our family simply can't get enough of these!–Mellyn
Pizza Pockets
For years I used a different dough for my pizza pockets. It called for shortening, eggs and a double rise. When my oldest daughter began cooking, she started substituting this french bread for our usual pizza dough. Not only is it more food storage friendly, but it also takes less time to prepare!
When this was one of my 19 meals, I stored the pepperoni for it in my freezer, along with as much mozzarella cheese as I could manage. Aside from filling my food storage requirement, it meant we were ready for a party at any given moment! Recently, however, I've been simplifying my 19. I realized that the pepperoni and cheese don't add a lot of nutrition, but they sure did add cost and take up a lot of freezer space. Now for my 19, I store breadsticks and sauce –which I'll post tomorrow! But we still LOVE these pizza pockets!–Mellyn
Dad's Oatmeal Cake
From Julie L.
Oatmeal cake was my dad's favorite — and after sampling it a few times in preparation for this post, my whole family understands why. You just can't get a much richer dessert than this one! Try the frosting as an ice cream topping or just eat it by the spoonful. It's pretty hard to resist. Talk about decadent! –Mellyn
Lightning Bread
One of my college roommates made a tasty bread that didn't contain yeast. I decided to try and replicate her recipe, using a combination of baking soda and baking powder in place of the yeast in one of my favorite white bread recipes. We proclaimed it a success — especially if you need bread fast. From mixing bowl to table, this recipe takes less than an hour! –Mellyn
These tasty buns cook up quickly and are the perfect way to get barbecued chicken or roast beef to your mouth! –Mellyn
Fried Green Beans
Reminiscent of the fried green bean appetizer at T.G.I.Fridays, this recipe gives a glimpse of a non-traditional way you can use those canned green beans in your food storage! –Mellyn
- 1/3 cup flour
- 1 15-ounce can green beans — drained
- 2/3 cup oil
- Put flour in a bowl and add green beans.
- Stir gently until beans are coated (you could also do this in a ziplock bag!)
- Heat oil over high heat until very hot.
- Dump spoonfuls of green beans into oil. (I actually cooked the whole can at once in a medium-sized skillet)
- Turn beans occasionally, cooking until they turn golden brown (about 5 minutes).
- Serve with ranch-flavored sour cream or dip in ranch dressing.
NOTES : Most recipes that call for breading recommend dipping the dip-ee (be it chicken, okra or whatever) in egg before coating in flour. Out of curiosity, I skipped the egg and just doused my drained green beans in flour. A lot of the flour came off when I fried them, but enough remained that they were crispy and good…we liked them well enough that I'll probably just skip the messy egg step next time, too.
Green Beans with "Meatballs" and Gravy
Canned green beans are a staple in my food storage pantry. They heat up quickly on the stove top or in the microwave and add some fiber, Vitamin A and variety to my storage. Our family chooses to use fresh veggies most of the time, but canned green beans are still easy to rotate. I just add a bowl to the table to be eaten alongside our steamed carrots or salad. I also really like them cold –straight from the can.
In my opinion, these tasty "meatballs" are nothing short of miraculous! I was astonished at the taste and actually prefer them to real meatballs. We tried them in several different sauces that we'll share over the next few months, but this easy white "gravy" was an immediate hit! Picky Boy, who has texture issues, didn't love them, but the rest of the kids gobbled them up! Give them a try on your family and let me know how it goes! –Mellyn Yield: 44 meatballs
- 3 cups cooked pinto beans
- 3 cups cooked white rice
- 2 tablespoons onion powder
- 5 teaspoons beef bouillon
- 1/4 cup oil
- 1 10.5-ounce can cream of mushroom soup
- 1/2 cup milk
- 2 15-ounce cans green beans (to serve on the side!)
- Mash pinto beans using a fork or potato masher.
- Add cooked rice, onion powder and beef bouillon.
- Mix well and shape into meatballs. I use a medium cookie scoop.
- Heat oil and add meatballs. Turn until all sides are golden brown.
- Remove from oil and place on a paper towel to soak up any excess.
- Combine cream of mushroom soup and milk, and bring to a simmer.
- Add meatballs, and let them simmer in the gravy for 5-10 minutes.
- Serve with green beans on the side.
Bow-tie Pasta with Blackened Chicken
After tasting a friend's delicious blackened chicken pasta dish made with fresh ingredients, I had to find a way to make something similar with shelf stable ingredients! This is one of my all-time favorite food-storage recipes and definitely one of our family's 19. –Mellyn
Yield: 10-12 servings
- 12 ounces pasta (we like bowties)*
- 1 tablespoon oil
- 1 or 2 13-ounce can(s) chicken
- 4 teaspoons blackening seasoning, divided**
- 1 4-ounce can mushrooms, drained
- 1 15-ounce can diced tomatoes
- 1 7.6-ounce can table cream
- 3/4 teaspoon garlic powder
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- Cook pasta according to package directions.
- Toss chicken with 2 tsp blackening seasoning. Heat oil over high heat in a large skillet. Add chicken and sauté until it starts to brown a bit.
- Add mushrooms and tomatoes to chicken.
- Whisk garlic powder, salt and blackening seasoning into table cream. Add to chicken mixture.
- Heat until warm, but don't boil or the cream will curdle.
- Drain pasta and add to skillet.
- At this point, you can bake pasta for about 20 minutes at 350 degrees and melt a little cheese over the top or just eat it from the skillet.
French Bread
–From Julie L.
This is a fail- proof recipe that promises to delight with every bite! It's soft, fluffy and melts in your mouth like only white bread can.Smothered in butter we could devour a loaf in just minutes! I use it for pizza crust and awesome sandwich rings –just make a long dough "snake" and wrap it around the edges of your pizza pan. The leftovers nearly always end up as French toast!
- 1/3 cup sugar
- 1 Tablespoon salt
- 1/3 cup oil
- 2 1/2 cups water — very warm
- 2 cups flour
- 3 Tablespoons yeast
- 6 cups flour
- Combine sugar, salt, oil, water, flour and yeast in order.
- Slowly begin adding the remaining 6 cups of flour, you may need less.
- Dough should begin to form a ball and scrape the sides of the bowl, not stick to it.
- Let rise until double. (I've varied this from 20 minutes, to the recommended 1 hour with good results!)
- Form into 2 big loaves. Flatten dough into a rectangle, roll it up and lay it on the pan, seam side down. Cut slits in the top every 2-3 inches.
- Place loaves on a big cookie sheet.
- Cover and let rise for 20-30 minutes.
- Bake at 350 degrees for 20-30 minutes.
- Rub top with butter, if desired.


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Planning for your family's future after you're gone is an important legal task.
If you take the time now to make an effective legally binding Will and Testament you can save your family not only stress but money in what will undoubtedly be a difficult time for them.
C & G Miocevich Law Offices can help:
- Advise you in regard to estate and Probate laws
- Write a will that maximises the inheritance for your family
- Set up family and testamentary trusts
- Minimise the chance that your will is contested and subject to litigation
- At the same time as considering your Will we strongly recommend that you also put in place plans for any future incapacity through Power of Attorney and Guardianship documents. This will ensure that if you somehow become unable to make decisions about your finances, your medical treatment or living arrangements then the person or persons who you trust to make these decisions can do so unhindered.
A set price for a standard will can be arranged for your peace of mind.
Estate Planning
If you are a business owner, you need to consider more than just your Will when making an Estate Plan. It is very important to have a succession plan in place that makes the transition easy not only for yourself but also for your family or employees and minimises the chances of the business or farm having to be sold up when you leave.
Estate planning includes:
- The assessment of assets
- The assessment of likely taxation
- Advice regarding the possibility of claims against the estate by third parties
- The protection of assets
- A successful plan is made involving all family members as it will take into account not only provisions for your retirement income but also the plans, aptitudes and existing assets of younger generations.


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Dealing with Tantrums
If you have a toddler or preschooler, dealing with tantrums might have you almost at the end of your rope. The following are some techniques that I have found very helpful in dealing with tantruming children. Some of these measures need to be taken when children are not tantruming, because there are important steps you can take at times when tantrums are not occurring to reduce their frequency.
- Reward positive behavior
Before children ever misbehave, look for positive behaviors and praise them. In other words, catch children being good, and reinforce those behaviors.
- Help them handle emotions
Encourage them to talk about their emotions, and help them label and understand difficult feelings so that they can learn acceptable ways of dealing with them. Express your own emotions to them in simple terms so that they can learn from you how to deal with their problems.
- Make rules and expectations clear
Make sure you keep your rules simple, and make sure children know what they are. State your instructions clearly and firmly and explain the consequences of misbehavior. Always follow through with those consequences. Children often tantrum if parents or teachers tend to waver when enforcing rules. If they know that crying will not change your mind, they will be less likely to cry. If children tantrum because you have enforced a consequence, explain to them that they chose the consequence when they chose the behavior. This helps teach children to consider the consequences of a behavior before they act.
- Ignore the bad, encourage the good
When tantrums or whining begins, ignore this behavior (making sure children are safe). You might want to explain quickly and without emotion that you will talk when they are ready to listen. When the tantruming subsides, speak gently and offer an acceptable alternative to whatever forbidden object or activity caused the tantrum. If children respond well and accept consequences without fussing, praise them for being cooperative and find alternative activities.
Republished with permission from Practical Parenting


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From: Tammy
Over the summer my uncle Tony asked me what I wanted to do with my life. So I told him I wanted to get into sports medicine. He happens to be the head coach for my high school football team and told me to be a trainer for the team. He said it would good experience,look good on my resume' and he would give me $20 a week. So one day I was putting away some supplies after practice when I heard the shower running. I looked over and saw like 5 guys standing there totally naked. They didn't see me but I had a full view of them. Now, I am not a perv but I couldn't help but to stare. Then I heard this booming voice say "Tamera, what do you think you are doing!" It was uncle Anthony! He scolded me and said that is not what a wholesome Christian girl should act. I was speechless and to make things worse, the guys now knew I was looking. The coach said he needed to decide if I was going to keep my job or not.
When I got home, my mom asked me if had 'seen anything good today?'. She had calmed her brother down but told me to behave myself for now on. Then she asked me again"Did you see anything good?
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text:
From Chicago Tribune wires.
March 6, 1986
Reputed St. Louis crime leader Matthew Trupiano
Jr. has been found guilty of violating federal gambling laws and
faces a prison sentence of up to 12 years and a possible $170,000
Also convicted after an eight-day trial was
Frank Parrino, 53, Trupiano`s alleged lieutenant, who faces up
to 10 years in prison and a $120,000 fine. Trupiano, 47, is president
of Laborers Union Local 110 in St. Louis. He also faces trial
under a federal indictment in East St. Louis, Ill., alleging that
he conspired to extort money from nightclubs and massage parlors.
Copyright 1998, The Tribune Company.


text:
The video produced for the display was presented within the display itself on a looping LCD screen.
That video is here: http://www.christophermcleod.ca/p/the-machine-of-awesome-bright-liquid.html
47 new refillable water bottles were introduced into the community (sold for $5 ea.) on Granville Island and the water fountain outside of Emily Carr's North Building was fixed. Money collected simply covered the costs of the water bottles. There is no profit, in fact, if you include all shipping costs, the bottles cost me $5.64 each. The local retailers on the island who sold stainless steel water bottles compared to mine priced them at $15-25 each. I think they are running off the for profit model. :)
The new Instagram account Campaign4awesome has been created so have a look. Photos include the adventures of The Machine of Awesome Bright Liquid Blueness water bottle. From the peak of Whistler to jumping in a lake in Saskatchewan. Send in your own images to post if you have them.
|On the Granville Island bridge - very large banner for the Campaign4awesome.
July 12th: Installation of the Campaign4awesome is almost complete. I want to thank Aaron from Goodsigns for all the vinyl and help with the install. Everything looks great. During install we had a person come in and join the campaign4awesome, which is fantastic. From July 13th to 26th, come down to Granville Island if your on the west coast. See you there.
|Aaron getting started on the display.
|The display works on the honour system. Deposit your money in the bottle, take
your t-shirt or water bottle.
The Campaign4awesome is in Vancouver! Starting July 13th in the Concourse Gallery at Emily Carr University. Come and join the campaign in support of The Machine of Awesome Bright Liquid Blueness. Joining the campaign gets you front of the line and invites to exclusive pre-launch events in 2016. You won't want to miss it as quantities are very limited for this west coast stop.
Check the video below for more info. A new video of the installation will be posted on Monday the 13th. be sure to check it out and come on out. Thanks.
The Campaign4awesome started with an indiegogo account with fantastic perks. Only a limited amount was raised through the site, but an equal amount also came in at the two events we held at Manorun Organic farm and my studio. The cost for the 10,000 LED's is almost covered. Awesome.
Has anyone seen this! The Campaign4Awesome!
It's now expired, but was a lot of fun with 2 hosted events at Manorun Organic farm and here at the studio. The second event at the studio was actually lit up by 1800 Leds as part of the test set-up. Have a look at the indiegogo page, and let me know what you think. All is clear?
Tim the Tech. Not just a name, a vocation.
The first event at the studio. We had about 25 people come through and it was a fun evening. Thank you all that came by.
The coin mechanism has been fabricated. Nice and simple - coins to small will not roll to the opening at the end of the track where the sensor to active the sculpture is. The rejected coins are ejected from the piece. Toonies start all the fun! This may or may not be the mechanism we go with.


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The Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) in Madison, Wisconsin, recently responded to the APA editor's request for information on their Polyoxometalate Bleaching Program. They sent a packet of papers and short articles, with a cover letter that said the Polyoxometalate Bleaching Program is being directed by Dr. Rajai H. Atalla, head of chemistry and pulping research and professor of chemical engineering at the University of Wisconsin at Madison. It continued:
"Since 1992, FPL has been developing an innovative technology which incorporates the use of transition metal substituted polyoxometalate (POM) cluster ions for bleaching kraft pulp. POMs are highly selective and effective, stable, water soluble inorganic salts easily prepared from inexpensive, non-toxic mineral ores.
"The POM bleaching process is totally chlorine free and creates no toxic by-products, only water and carbon dioxide. In addition, the POM can be reactivated with oxygen under conditions which simultaneously oxidize the bleach mill effluents. Because the POMs can be regenerated by oxygen and reused, the process would reduce energy costs and allow for a closed mill bleaching system with complete mineralization [wet oxidation] of the organic effluent stream.
"The goal of the polyoxometalate bleaching program is to develop a highly selective, effluent-free, closed mill bleaching process which produces high quality paper. FPL has organized a consortium with industry and academia to fully develop the POM technology for future commercial implementation."
Three papers and several shorter notices were enclosed.
1. "Polyoxometalates: A New Generation," by R.H. Atalla. World Paper, June 1994, p. 28-29. POMs can oxidize lignin or residual lignin and related chromophores, while leaving the cellulose undamaged, Dr. Atalla says. Originally, the research focused on finding an oxidative bleaching system that was more selective than those in use--like the enzyme systems of fungi, but one that could be used at the high temperatures called for in an industrial setting. They realized that fungal enzymes work by using transition metal ions to catalyze the oxidation of lignin, and found that transition metal substituted polyoxometalates could do the same. In the process, the POMs are reduced, but they can be oxidized again afterward and reused.
2. "Highly Selective Oxidative Delignification of Kraft Pulp by Water Soluble Polyoxometalates," by Ira A. Weinstock, Rajai H. Atalla, Craig L. Hill, Richard S. Reiner and Carl J. Houtman. Paper given at the 8th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, June 6-9, 1995, Helsinki. Vol. 1, p. 369-376.
This is a technical paper, demonstrating the feasibility of using POM salts and oxygen in the commercial bleaching of chemical pulps.
3. "A New Environmentally Benign Technology and Approach to Bleaching Kraft Pulp. Polyoxometalates for Selective Delignification and Waste Mineralization," by I.A. Weinstock, R.H. Atalla, R.S. Reiner, M.A. Moen, K.E. Hammel , C.J. Houtman and C.L. Hill. Accepted for publication in the New Journal of Chemistry. 24 pp., 37 refs.
This reviews the nature, use and effects of POMs, and the research done to date by the Polyoxometalate Bleaching Conortium, which has investigators at the FPL, Emory University and the University of Wisconsin Department of Chemical Engineering, and receives support from pulp and paper companies in the Consortium.
The shorter articles included ones from the April 19 Chemical Week, p. 66; May 1995 Chemical Engineering, p. 19; April 28 Science, p. 500; and the June 1995 Environmental Solutions, p. 9. The Chemical Engineering article says the process is "cost-competitive with those that use chlorine, even apart from environmental considerations." But the Science article quotes a research director at one of the paper mills as saying that "the POMs needed to bleach a ton of wood pulp are expected to cost millions of dollars compared to at most $60 for chlorine, although the POM cost is a one-time expense." All but 0.01% of the POM is recovered after use.
For more information, contact Ms. Aasma Qazi, the Bleaching Program Coordinator at the FPL, 608/231-9442; or Dr. Atalla, at 608/231-9443.
Thanks to Marcia Watt, Preservation Officer at Emory University, for sending in a good article about Craig Hill's work on this project ("Hill Develops Environmentally Friendly Paper Making," by Danielle Service, Emory Report, Sept. 18, 1995, v. 48 # 5), and incidentally for prompting the gathering of other information, summarized above.
URL: http://cool.conservation-us.org/byorg/abbey/ap/ap08/ap08-3/ap08-306.html
Timestamp: Sunday, 03-Mar-2013 21:42:41 PST
Retrieved: Saturday, 19-Jan-2019 10:07:20 GMT
URL: http://cool.conservation-us.org/byorg/abbey/ap/ap08/ap08-3/ap08-306.html
Timestamp: Sunday, 03-Mar-2013 21:42:41 PST
Retrieved: Saturday, 19-Jan-2019 10:07:20 GMT


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Instagram content ideas
Budget $10-30 USD
Need ideas for content on instagram
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2015 record of $375 million in revenue, up more than $50 million for this past year, arrives mostly for the new national broadcast contracts that elevated the revenue of all the teams in the league, also to the completely new Packers Professional Shop that opened up the last summer season.
National revenue, which comprises about sixty percent in the Packers(take a look at http://www.packers.com/)' total revenue picture and includes the broadcast deals, elevated $38.7 million within the last fiscal year while local revenue elevated $12.9 million.
Over half of the rise in local revenue was due to the completely new Professional Shop, now situated in the new bottom floor in the Lambeau Area Atrium.
Expenses hopped too, up $37.8 million, mainly due to three factors – depreciation in the latest round of stadium improvements, a test within the league consequently of debt refinancing, and expenses connected with the development of the arrival "Titletown" district.
The Packers have ongoing purchase making the land around Lambeau Position for future development.
Player costs, ongoing to become relatively stable, but they are expected to improve next season, just like a greater salary cap will be a consequence of the revenue created by the new broadcast contracts.
Furthermore, the endowment for your Packers Foundation has surpassed $20 million. The Packers still explore variable ticket prices.


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Huawei's Kirin 970 Chip Details Leaked: 10nm Process, Cortex A73
by May 17, 2017 2:55 pm7
Huawei's next generation Kirin 970 chip details first emerged in leaks in January this year revealing some details. The leaks tout that the Kirin 970 chip will be built on a 10nm TSMC process and will come with an octa-core CPU as well as a Cat. 12 LTE band. Now, a fresh leak revealing more details of the Kirin 970 chip has emerged on China's Weibo.
According to the leak source, the Hisilicon Kirin 970 chip will actually be manufactured using TSMC's 10nm FinFET process. This is a leak from the previous generation of Kirin 960 which was manufactured on a 16nm manufacturing process. The processor is also listed to integrate an ARM Cortex A73 core which would likely be in an octa-core arrangement. The leakster seems to suggest that the Kirin 970 will be the first to come with the ARM Heimdallr MP GPU. Finally, the device will come with full network support, 5 carrier aggregation support as well as support for most of the global frequency band.
Read More: Kirin 970 10nm Production Said To Be On Time Despite Some Initial Problems
An earlier rumor had also tipped the Kirin 970 as packing an octa-core CPU comprised of four ARM Cortex-A73 cores, and four ARM Cortex-A53 cores. The next-gen flagship chipset is also revealed to have a maximum clock frequency of between 2.8GHz – 3.0GHz. The Kirin 970 will be equipped with Cat. 12 LTE baseband and would come as Huawei's first chip to use the 10nm process. The chip is also expected to bring upgrades in power consumption, heat control and other aspects.


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|(Permission is granted to print and redistribute this material
as long as this header and the footer at the end are included.)
Prepared by Rabbi P. Feldman
(a) Question: R. Shimon does not hold like R. Akiva!1. (Beraisa): If one was Makdish three trees spaced out like 10 trees spread over a Beis Kor (the amount of land in which a Kor of seed is sown), he includes the land and trees between them;i. Therefore, he redeems them (with the land) according to the fixed rate for redemption of land, 50 silver Shekalim for a Beis Kor.2. If they are spread out more or less densely, or if he did not Makdish all three at once, he did not Makdish the land and trees between them; therefore, he redeems them according to their value.i. Even if he later was Makdish the land and trees between them, he redeems the (first) trees according to their value, and the land according to 50 Shekalim for a Beis Kor.3. Question: Who is the Tana of this Beraisa?i. It is not R. Akiva, he says that a person sells generously, all the more so he is Makdish generously (the land would be Hekdesh even if he did not Makdish all three at once)!4. Answer: It must be like R. Shimon.
2) REDEMPTION OF AN INHERITED FIELD7. Summation of question: R. Shimon said that the trees nurture from Hekdesh; we cannot answer (for Rav Huna, end of 71B) that R. Shimon holds like R. Akiva!(b) Answer: Rather, R. Shimon addresses Chachamim according to their reasoning: I say that just as a person sells stingily, he is Makdish stingily, and keeps land for himself;1. Granted, you say that he is Makdish more generously than he sells, but you should admit that he (is not as is generous as one who gives, he) is only Makdish grafted carob and sycamore stumps (for they will nurture from Hekdesh, but not pits,...)
(a) Question: But the end of the Beraisa is not like R. Shimon!Next daf1. (Beraisa): Even if he later was Makdish the land and trees between them, he redeems the (first) trees according to their value, and the land according to 50 Shekalim for a Beis Kor.(b) Answer (Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak): Really, they do not hold that we follow the redemption;


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Pedraforca - Pollego Superior
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Triticeal cartilage: the forgotten cartilage
Triticeal cartilage: the forgotten cartilage - Descarga este documento en PDF. Documentación en PDF para descargar gratis. Disponible también para leer online.
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy
pp 1–7
First Online: 17 March 2017Received: 21 October 2016Accepted: 27 February 2017
IntroductionThe triticeal cartilage TC is a small cartilage found within the thyrohyoid membrane. The TC has a variable prevalence between and within individuals. It has been suggested that absence of a TC results from its failure to separate from the superior horn of the thyroid cartilage SHTC and that individuals without a TC will have a longer SHTC. This study aims to identify the prevalence of the TC and investigate the relationship between the length of the SHTC and presence of a TC.
MethodsEighty seven adult cadavers underwent dissection. Data were collected on presence or absence of a TC and lengths of SHTC.
ResultsA TC was identified in 28 cadavers 33%. In cadavers with a unilateral TC, there was no significant difference between the lengths of the SHTC on sides with a TC 1.6 mm, ±SEM 0.12 mm to sides without a TC 1.7 mm, ±SEM 0.10 mm P = 0.47. In cadavers with no TCs, the length of the SHTCs 1.8 mm, ±SEM 0.04 mm was significantly longer than the SHTCs of cadavers with a TC present bilaterally 1.4 mm, ±SEM 0.12 mm P = 0.02.
ConclusionsA TC was found in 33% of cadavers. This study demonstrates a relationship between the presence of a TC and the length of the SHTC only in cadavers with a TC present or absent bilaterally.
KeywordsAnatomy Hyoid Larynx Thyrohyoid Triticeal Download fulltext PDF
Autor: Iain Wilson - J. Stevens - J. Gnananandan - A. Nabeebaccus - A. Sandison - A. Hunter
Fuente: https://link.springer.com/


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Suzanne Laughlin, MD, FRCP(C)
The Hospital for Sick Children
Diagnostic Imaging
Medical Staff Association
University of Toronto
Assistant Professor
Medical Imaging
Phone: 416-813-6033
Fax: 416-813-7591
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Alternate Contact: Suranna Monah
Alternate Phone: 416-813-8677
Alternate Email: email@example.com
Brief Biography
Dr. Suzanne Laughlin graduated from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Western Ontario and completed a radiology residency and a neuroradiology fellowship at the University of Toronto. She has been on staff in the Division of Neuroradiology in the Department of Diagnostic Imaging since 1998. Her main areas of interest and research in paediatric neuroradiology are paediatric brain tumours, paediatric traumatic brain injury, paediatric stroke and CNS vasculitis. She also has interests in education and administration. Dr. Laughlin is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Medical Imaging at the University of Toronto and was the PGY1 Program director and Co-director of the Radiology Residency Program from 2002-2006. She also actively participates in various teaching and clinical rounds both within Diagnostic Imaging and in other HSC departments.
Laughlin is Secretary-Treasurer of the SickKids Medical Staff Association (MSA), the group that represents the interests of the medical, dental and scientific staff, and she sits on the Medical Advisory Committee. She previously served on the MSA Committee as the representative for Diagnostic Imaging.
Academic Background
Projects/ Initiatives:
- Paediatric Brain Injury tool. Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Hybrid and Norwood Surgical Strategies for Single Ventricle Congenital Heart Disease (HSFC).
Research Interests
Paediatric Neuro-Oncology, Traumatic Brain injury (including non-accidental injury), Paediatric Stroke, Paediatric Inflammatory Brain Disease including CNS Vasculitis.


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World Suicide Prevention Day
Thursday 10 September was World Suicide Prevention Day, an International Association for Suicide Prevention Initiative. This year the theme was about reaching out to people who are experiencing difficulties and understanding that getting in touch with someone or asking how they are, can make a difference.
Trust staff marked the day by thinking about what they could do to reach out and offer support to people who are experiencing difficulties.
Staff at Holly Court, Yeovil were joined by Jill Goddard, Director of Samaritans in Yeovil and other colleagues from across the Trust. Footballers from Yeovil Town Football Club also joined in with their own pledges made by footballers and displayed at the Club.


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Club Arias Bed & Breakfast is proud to present the newest addition to our property, Driftwood Gardens. Driftwood Gardens was created to give our cost conscious guests an affordable option that still provides the high standards of our guest rooms, but in a unique and peaceful setting. Located adjacent to the Club, each unit offers a queen bed, air conditioning, a mini kitchen and bathroom. Room rates for these units are at a much lower rate than our guest suites and pricing has been set for the unit alone. However, guests have the option to add on Club amenities, to enhance their stay, for an additional cost, such as breakfast, WiFi and housekeeping. We are pleased to offer our guests the opportunity to experience Aruba in a more economical way without having to sacrifice comfort and service. Driftwood Gardens was designed to offer travelers an alternate option at an attractive price. You will still leave our island with a wonderful and memorable experience and if we helped you save some money during your stay, then we succeeded in our endeavors. Come and experience Driftwood Gardens, the new jewel of Club Arias Bed & Breakfast.
Beach, Casino, Live Music, Movie Theater, National/State parks, Ocean, Ruins, Tours
Bike rental, Billiards, Parking, Pool, TV, Walk to mass transit
Air conditioning, Alarm clock, Desk, Fridge, Kitchenette, Microwave, Satellite/Cable TV
Arias & Flory Schwarz
Dutch, English, Spanish
Love meeting new people and enjoy hosting guests' vacations
Paid on-site


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SIA-C Dual & Self-powered Overcurrent & Earth Fault Relay
I will store the relays till the moment I really need them, is there any problem with this?
If the relays are not for immediate use, they should be returned to their original packaging, they must be stored in a dust and humidity free environment after the visual inspection has been performed.
Do I have to do any check before the equipment is supplied?
Yes, the following checks:
- The rated voltage and polarity.
- The power rating of the CT circuit and the integrity of the connections.
- The integrity of the earth connection.
I want to recycle an old relay, is this operation dangerous?
Capacitors should be discharged through the external terminals. All electrical power sources should be removed before performing this operation to avoid the risk of electrical discharge.
This product must be disposed of in a safe way. It should not be incinerated or brought into contact with water sources like rivers, lakes, etc…
I have 3 CTs (one for each phase) and the equipment has 4 current inputs, how is the wiring in order to have earth fault protection?
The wiring shall be performed as the connection diagrams of chapter 2.9 in the manual.
I am trying to power the relay with a 24 Vdc auxiliary power supply but it doesn't work
First of all, ensure that the provided SIA-C relay supports 24 Vdc power supply by checking your SIAC model with the Model Selection Table: SIACxxx3xxxxxxx.
If it is supported, check that the polarity in the terminals is correct: D2 positive and D1 negative.
What is the minimum current that the relay is operative?
The equipment is operative with 0.2 times the secondary rated single-phase current and with 0.1 times the secondary rated three-phase current; in other words, the equipment powers itself with 1 A of single-phase current and with 0.5 A of three-phase current with the SIAC5 models, and the equipment powers itself with 200 mA of single-phase current and with 100 mA of three-phase current with the SIAC1 models.
What is the minimum current that the relay needs for tripping?
The same minimum current that allows the relay be operative.
Although the trip contact is activated, the phase and neutral trip output are not working
Take into account that the minimum current values to active the trip output and signalling outputs are different. To activate the optional outputs (phase trip and neutral trip) it is needed a minimum of 0.330 times the secondary rated single-phase current and a minimum of 0.200 times the secondary rated three-phase current.
Why does the LCD sometimes lights and other times doesn't?
It is neccssary a current of 0.35xIn (1 phase) or 0.15xIn (3 phase) to activate the backlight. Ensure that your SIAC model has backlight: SIACxxxxxxxxxFx and SIACxxxxxxxxxGx
Why don't the three LED indicators light?
By default these LEDs indicate the type of power is being used but as they are configurable thanks to the programmable logic (PLC), the configuration must be checked in order to know what signal has each LED associated.
What is the accuracy of the measurement?
Current measurements have an accuracy of 2% on a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 4% over the rest of the range.
Can I communicate with SICom program using rear port ?
Yes, but take into account that the rear port is a RS485 port and requires to be converted to RS232 to your PC. Ensure that the relay is provided with this functionality by checking your SIAC model with the Model Selection Table: SIACxxxxx1xxxxx.
Local and Rear port parameters can be checked maintaining pressed the key "▼"
The default Modbus address for local communication is 1 and 2 for rear communication.
Does SIAC relay meet the requirement of transformer inrush current restraint?
Yes, SIA-C measurement is performed according to the following three steps:
- Sampling of 16 samples/cycle. Thus the maximum frequency in a sampled signal is 400Hz in the case of 50Hz and 480Hz in the case of 60 Hz, which corresponds with 8th harmonic.
- Filtering software to eliminate even harmonics: 2, 4, 6 and 8 harmonics. This way it removes the DC component and reduces the effect of exponential component introduced by the inrush current of transformers.
- RMS on the remaining harmonics, including fundamental, 3, 5 and 7 harmonic.
Which is the consume of the relay when auxiliary power supply is used?
SIA-C consumes approximately 500 mW in normal operation.
What is the pick up time after a startup?
The pickup time is 60 ms for triphasic and nominal current (fast startup) and 120 ms for monophasic and nominal current (fast startup). These values decrease with an increase of the circulating current.
What is the pick up time when the relay is completely started?
The pick up time has a maximum value of 1 cycle (16 ms for 60Hz, 20 ms for 50Hz)
How does 50/51N/G function work? Does the Dial setting affects to the function when the selected Curve is Defined Time?
If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like an instantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is adjusted by using the parameter "Operating time". Dial Setting doesn't affect to the function in this case.
Does the Operating Time setting of 51P/51N/G function affects to the function when a Curve is selected?
When Extremely Inverse, Very Inverse or Inverse curve is selected, the operating time setting does not affect to the function, the applied operating time is calculated from the selected curve.
Which current transformers must I use for this relay?
It will depends on the characteristic of the installation, but the main features that you require to know are:
Frequency (50/60Hz)
Burden 2,5 VA if the transformer is /1 and 5 VA if the transformer is /5
Transformation ratio
Protection Accuracy: it depends on the measurement range you need, i.e. 5P10 will have a 5% accuracy in the range of 10xIn
Do I require specific CTs?
No, this is one of our main advantages, because our relay can work with a very simple and cheap standard CTs, you do not need to buy special ones (as you have to do with other brands). We recommend you to use 3 CTs (one per phase, the neutral can be calculated as a summation of the 3 phases).
What is the maximum current supported continuously?
3 times rated current continuously, 20 times rated current for 10 s and 70 times rated current for 1 s.
Why I get no message in the HMI after a trip occurs when the relay is self powered?
After a trip, the power supply falls and relay restarts, so no message is available in the HMI.
This behaviour is different using auxiliary power supply. In this case, after a trip, a message with the reason of the trip remains in the HMI.
In any case, the magnetic flags remain active showing the last trip that has occurred.
What is the accurate of the events register?
The memory timestamp is accurate to 1 millisecond.
What does a Fault record provide?
Date-time at which the fault started and a list of all events occurred in the equipment during the fault.
Are the events stored in switch on to fault situation?
Yes, the Events and the Fault reports.
Is there any kind of self-diagnostic in the relay?
Yes, diagnostic algorithms are run while the equipment is being started up and continuously when the relay is operating. There is a mechanism of WatchDog, among the different main CPU's. The loss of activity for any of them would mean the equipment reset, remaining as an event in the memory.
Is there any kind of self-diagnostic in the relay?
Yes, diagnostic algorithms are run while the equipment is being started up and continuously when the relay is operating. There is a mechanism of WatchDog, among the different main CPU's. The loss of activity for any of them would mean the equipment reset, remaining as an event in the memory.
I did some tests with a relay and some days later I found a wrong date and time, is it broken?
No, RTC keeps the data updated during at least 72 hours without power supply. Charge time for the capacitor is 10 minutes.
We avoid the use of batteries that require a maintenance.
Events and Fault records are stored in a Non-volatile memory, so there won't be lost of information due to lost of power supply.
What does the PCL consist of?
It is a group of Logical gates (OR, NOR, OR_LACTH, NOR_LACTH, OR_PULSES, AND, NAND, AND_PULSES) that associates binary states to obtain other binary result.
What is default configuration of each output?
The following:
|LED Self-Powered
|LED Battery
|Phase Trip
|Phase Trip General Trip
|Neutral Trip
|Neutral Tripa General Trip
|General Trip
|Reset logical signal
|Not configured
How can I configure the relay through HMI? And through SICOM?
For HMI configuration, refer to chapter 7 Communication and HMI.
SICOM is an intuitive program that permits configuring the relay with the same parameters as HMI.
How can I latch a digital output configured like trip?
It is necessary to configure the signalling output as trip output and after this configuration if OR4_LACTH is chosen the block of this output is being permited.
I changed the logic configuration of the equipment but it seems that is not working.
If a logic is performed in the relay, it will be applied after a restart.
How can I test that all the components of my relay work properly?
There is a TEST MENU that permits testing each LED, magnetic indicator and digital output. The following key sequence is used to gain access to the test menu: from the main menu, press the keys "◄", "▼", and "►" in sequence and then press and hold the "OK" key until the "Test menu" appears on the display. The test menu is accessed by pressing the "OK" key again, and the "▲" and "▼" keys can be used to navigate through the different menu items. Each item can be activated or deactivated by pressing "OK" on it (if the item is deactivated, it is activated by pressing OK; if the item is activated, it is deactivated by pressing "OK"). Press the "C" key to exit the test menu.
May I have to connect the battery unit (KITCOM) for source of supply?
No, the SIAC does not need separate power supply. It's completely self-powered. Concerning the KITCOM, it is just for the following. When the line drops, if your engineers want to see the events or the reason why the relay has tripped, they only have to connect the Kitcom to the front of the relay. It's not necessary, it's just an accessory, the relay WORKS WITHOUT IT. But we find it as an advantage, as it is comfortable to use, not only when the line has tripped and you want to know the events, but also if you want to test the relay. With the Kitcom you can test it without having the relay installed.
I purchased a KITCOM for commissioning but it seems that doesn't work, how can I confirm this?
First of all, confirm that the 2 batteries of 1,5V are completely charged and when the KITCOM's switch is activated the green Led is on. If yes, you can check with a multimeter, if there are 12V if you measure between the pins 4 and 7 of the DB9.
Why KITCOM and not an internal battery?
KITCOM is an external complement that allows the users to test the circuit breaker before the transformation center is powered. Some relays manufacturers have the necessity of using internal batteries to log the events and fault reports because they don't uses non-volatile memory.
FANOX self-powered relays log events and fault reports in non-volatile memory keeping all the information indeed when the relay loses the supply.
If you have an internal battery, you must take care of its maintenance and it is not a real self- powered relay free of maintenance.
Which striker may I use? Is there any limitation?
Although there are a lot of models of strikers in the market, with different trip energies, SIA-C output supplies sufficient power to activate a 24 Vdc and 135 mJ striker. If you have any doubt with your striker, we can do some tests with the same.
Can I use 110Vdc for the trip output?
What is the maximum energy that the TCM adapter can supply?
TCM supplies 30 J at 48Vdc, 110Vdc or 220Vdc depends on model
Auxiliary power is not available, will the TCM work?
If TCM has been previously charged, it can operate as a stand alone for up to three days in case of power fault
May I have diferent settings for different CT ratios?
No, the CT ratio parameter belongs to the general setting group and this group has an unique table.
What is the supported voltage of the digital outputs?
These digital outputs, phase trip, neutral trip and Watchdog , are used to signal and the supported voltages are 220 Vdc – 1 A (30 W max) and 250 Vac – 1 A (62,5 VA max)
I am not able of communicating with SICom program. What's wrong?
It is necessary to check the following points:
- Ensure that the port you are trying to use of your PC is available (check it in the Control Panel->Hardware->Device Manager->Ports (COM and LPT)
- It is required that the crossover serial cable is in good state.
The DB-9 male connector of the serial cable has to be well connected to the relay.
- The PC earth should be connected to the same earth as the relay to avoid communication problems.
- SICOM communication parameters are correct: COM port and Modbus address (default front Modbus address is 1).
I have changed the Modbus address of my relay, should I change it in the SICom?
Yes, before pressing the Start button of the SICom, it is necessary changing the Modbus Address in: File->Options->Options for Communication
I can't find de SICom CD, how can I get it?
Fanox provides their customers with an internet link to SICom program. You will only need a PC and an internet connection.
The link to SICom program is: http://fanox.blob.core.windows.net/sicom/publish.htm
Why some features of SICom appear dimmed?
SICom only permits the features of the relay that is communicating with. i.e. If the relay does not support commands, the executing commands feature, will be dimmed.
Can I inherit the settings from one relay to another?
SICom allows saving the existing settings of a relay in a file. This file can be loaded to another protection relay.
How many relays can be updated at the same time?
SICom program allows communicating just one relay for each instance of the program. If the PC is provided with multiple serial ports, it is possible running so many instances as COM ports has the PC to communicate with multiple relays.
Does the SICom require to be updated?
When an internet connection is available, SICom automatically checks if a new revision is available, in positive case, it updates itself.
What do yellow triangles mean in the States screen? And the coloured bulbs?
A yellow triangle appears next to the signal that is activated. A red bulb indicates that there is a signal activated inside the function. If there is no signal activated, the bulb will remains green.
How may I configure my SCADA to communicate with SIA-C relay?
You have to take into account these considerations:
The RS485 port output has three terminals (+,- and GND), located on the rear of the equipment. The protocol that is used is Modbus RTU (19200 -8bit – no parity – 1 stop bit).
The protocol map and documentation that are used are attached in an appendix to the manual.
To minimise communication errors as a result of noise, the use of a stranded and shielded cable is recommended for the physical connection. All of the + terminals on one side, and all of the – terminals on the other must be connected together in order to make the connection.
If a 3 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the earth cable.
If a 2 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the shielding. The shielding must be connected to the GND at only one point to avoid circular currents.
How can I check that the Modbus integration in my SCADA is correct?
The trip bistable of the front of my relay remains active although the trip condition has disappeared, is this normal?
Yes, the indicators remain in position even when the equipment looses power, so that the maintenance service can see the cause of the trip even through the equipment is not powered.
Once they have been activated, it is necessary to manually reset them by pressing the "RESET" button.
I have Windows XP in my laptop, can I use SICom program with it?
The SIcom program, works with the Windows® 2000/XP/7 and Windows 8 operating systems.
How can I limit the access to different operators ?
How many passwords are possible?
How can I limit the access to different operators ?
There is a Users identification system with different access level. Depending on the
I have 2 protection relays, how can I check that they both have the same versions?
How can I calibrate the equipment?
With SIAC model relay, there is no need for additional external calibration of the relay. It is calibrated in our factory and the measurement is maintained continuously during life time of the relay. This way, we can avoid the customers the inconveniences generated for this matter with other relays. With factory calibration, the accuracy of the relay is ±2% at ±20%xIn / ±4% in the rest of the range.
The only thing that the user must do is to adjust the relay protection function 50/51P & 50/51N according to his requirements of installation. After this, the relay is completely ready to work and protect (obviously, after the wiring, of course).