text:
This Can Save You From Being So Stressed Out.
Many people are afraid they do not have the skills necessary to complete their home improvement projects. Most home improvements are not that hard to handle if you sensibly educate yourself and prepare thoroughly ahead of time. The article below has ideas that can help you get started.
When replacing baseboards, stained wood offers more appeal than painted baseboards. It is a classically warm look of the wood looks great in any room no data of the house. They also are better at hiding minor scuffs and dents than painted, and are easier to touch up should damage occur. There are several colors to choose from so you can match any decor.
As you make improvements to your house, consider the neighborhood's character and style. A Victorian-styled home amongst a row of small, cute saltbox cottages stands out, and not in a good way. Your remodeling plans should compliment your house and the neighborhood and not clash.
It is often more manageable to approach home improvement one room or area at a time. Keep in mind that http://factorydirectflooring-la.com/ remodeling can be tackled room by room to preserve your budget. Plan remodeling projects ahead of time and be on the lookout for sales. Proper planning is always the best method to save time and money and to get the results that you want.
Be creative when it comes to choosing a coffee table. An old trunk or chest look great in the center of a living room and provide storage, also. A few magazines on the table can give it a bit of life. You can go as far as adding a tablecloth and teacups to give it a country look.
When you are doing home improvements, people do not often think of the gutters or chimney. These elements of the house must be examined often to ensure they are always in good working order. Chimneys are more prone to fires when they are not cleaned at regular intervals. Likewise, debris often clogs gutters and downspouts, and this can cause water damage if it is not taken care of regularly.
Use all the outdoor space available to you. Extend your living space by designating a section of your backyard. It will be perfect for relaxing or throwing a party with friends and family.
Purchase the best supplies for your home improvement project. It can be expensive, but the expense is worth the value of doing things right. If you purchase high quality products, they will wear better and last longer. Therefore, you should purchase quality tools that will last for a long time.
You will have to pay a premium for fast home improvement jobs. You can usually find someone who will happily take on the project. They'll expect to be compensated appropriately though. You will usually always pay a higher price for a job you want rushed.
Doing home improvements can seem like a burden to people that live there. To complete this project with the minimum amount of stress, you should aim to complete it whenever you are the only person home. This can save you from being so stressed out.
Tree planting can have several benefits, for you and your property. In fact, planting some trees could make the value of your home go up. It has been said that a fully grown tree can raise the value of a property by $1,000 dollars.
As mentioned in the introduction, a lot of people are interested in making home improvements, but find it too hard and quit. If you're properly informed, it doesn't need to be hard to make home improvements. Keep the ideas in this article in mind, and things will go smoothly.


text: Seller: sugarplum-69 (69,303) 100%, Location: worthing, Ships to: GB & many other countries, Item: 231405859422 Powered by Frooition Shop CategoriesOtherHATSGLOVESSUNGLASSESSUNGLASSES ACCUMBRELLASWELLIESKIDS WELLIESMOTORCYCLE 1PCRUCKSACKSMENS CLOTHINGLADIES CLOTHINGMENS MOTORCYCLE JACKETSLADIES MOTORCYCLE JACKETSMOTORCYCLE HELMETSMOTORCYCLE JACKETSMOTORCYCLE GLOVESLACESMOTORCYCLE TEXTILE JEANSMOTORCYCLE TEXTILE JACKETSMOTORCYCLE LEATHER JEANSMOTORCYCLE BOOTSCHILDRENS SLIPPERSLADIES SLIPPERSMENS SLIPPERSHOT WATER BOTTLESBAGSMENS SHOESLADIES SHOESMENS FLIP FLOPSLADIES FLIP FLOPSLADIES SCARFSSCARFSNIKWAX Quality Hand Made 100% Wool Top Hat Wedding Ascot Hat Many Colours S to XXL Item Description Hand Made Top HatEach Hat Comes With a Removable Feather 100% Wool 6 Colours 5 Sizes Approx Sizes Small - 55cm Medium - 57cm Large - 59cm XL - 61cmXXL - 63cm Sent Boxed About Us About Us Payment Shipping Terms Returns About Us We aim to provide 100% customer satisfaction for every order we process. We ship from our own stock so you can expect to receive your order fast. We understand that shopping online is not always as easy as buying in store if you can't see a product, but the convenience of shopping 24/7 with a fast delivery service combined with our 14 day exchange or money-back policy for all orders means it's hassle-free and gives you peace of mind. Payment Payment We accept payment via Paypal. Shipping Shipping DELIVERY RATES STANDARD UK DELIVERY within the UK including the Highlands, Isle of Man, Northern Ireland and the Channel Islands. We use Royal Mail 24 & Royal Mail 48 depending on size and weight. Expected Delivery within 1-7 working days. SPECIAL EXPEDITED UK DELIVERY available as an option for many of our ebay listings, we use Royal Mail Special Delivery for orders less than 2kg in weight, orders above 2kg will be sent using UPS. Expected Delivery Next Working Day. Terms Terms We have a 30 Day Returns Policy, you can return your item within this timescale as long as the item is in 'as new condition', unworn with no signs of wear and with the original tags and packaging. We reserve the right to charge a restocking fee for items which have been used, or where the item has not been reasonably taken care of. Returns Returns If you require a different size or wish to be refunded then please return the item/items to the address on your parcel. Please also include a copy of the invoice along with a note to say which option you would like. Unfortunately we cannot cover your return postage costs unless an item is faulty or we have sent the incorrect item to you. We aim to Process all Returns as quickly as possible. Helpful Links Add to Favourite Sellers Sign up to Newsletter View Feedback Contact Seller Visit seller's eBay Shop About Seller Page More Items!View more great items Powered by Frooition Frooition Frooition | No-js Template | eBay design, eBay store design, eBay shop design, eBay template design, eBay listing design (ver:froo_no_js) This listing is currently undergoing maintenance, we apologise for any inconvenience caused. Condition: New with tags, Modified Item: No, Style: Top Hat, Material: 100% Wool, Theme: Wedding Ascot, Pattern: Solid, MPN: ABHATSTOPHAT, Adjustment Type: Fitted, Brand: AB Hats

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Eva Maria Vorel known as First Lieutenant Eva, is an EU intelligence officer on Alliance of valiant arms
Features :
-Good quality model
-Good quality textures
Known bug :
-small bug on back side of the neck.
Enjoy ! and happy Valentine's day :D
TAC-300 aka the "American Sniper" rifle is a weapon designed for long range scenes. it includes a detachable bipod. used by US navy SEAL, the Legend Chris Kyle (1974-2013 RIP) With Record setting 160 confirmed kills.
Calibers : .300 Win Mag
Converted from MOH-W
As Requested
he McMillan CS5 (Concealable Subsonic/Supersonic Suppressed Sniper System) is a bolt action Sniper Rifle. Manufactured by McMillan Firearms. It is designed as a compact and concealable precision tactical rifle in urban and tactical settings. It is chambered for the 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge. it has Detachable bipod and Anschütte® Trigger.
WIP Custom Star wars like Helmet
Made this long time ago, but i haven't tested it.
and i dont think i can do that M4 Commando request for Nico because the author of that mod didnt allow me to edit :/
M249 Light Machine Gun
M249 Light Machine Gun is the American adaptation of Belgian FN Minimi. it has quick change barrel . a folding bipod is attached near the front of the gun. it can be fed with both linked ammunition and a STANAG Magazine.
P.S To PotatoKing, the model link you provided has VPK model file, and unfortunately i don't know how to extract models from VPK file and i cant find the right app to extract files from a VPK file.
so i got one converted from CS:GO. enjoy !
[REL]M26MASS + Animation
as requested.
Modular Accessory Shotgun System (MASS) is an under-barrel shotgun attachment for the M16/M4 AR family. It can also be fitted with a pistol grip and collapsible stock to act as a stand-alone weapon. This is the standalone version. maybe i'll make an M4 with this attachment.
-Good quality model
-Good quality textures
-Custom icon
-Custom animation


text:
The Reno Valley and its Glaciers
Take a walk through a time when glaciers were formed
The areas between Pracchia and Le Piastre in the Reno Valley are known for their glaciers. That is, they are places that contained and produced ice before the invention of the refrigerator during the 1920s. From the 18th century until the 1930s, Tuscany boasted approximately 10 glaciers. The majority were located along the Reno River on the Pistoiese Mountain. In fact, ice production was a very important industry in the Reno Valley thanks to its two particular characteristics: water and cold temperatures.
The ice came from the lakes that froze over in the winter, thanks to a mechanism that held the water in place until it froze in a solid state. The ice was then cracked with special picks and transported with wagons to the deposits. The transport was facilitated by the construction of the Via Regia during the second half of the 18th century, which connected Modena and Pistoia. The ice was kept in special stone containers where it maintained its solid state until the warmer months. Beginning in September of every year, the floor of the deposits were covered in dried leaves which acted as insulators. Though difficult, the process was a precious resource for the hospitals of the nearby cities and a special luxury for the area's courts.
Some of the structures still exist in the area between Pracchia and Le Piastre. In order to best understand the storage system, one can visit the Ghiacciaia della Madonnina, whose complete restoration allows visitors to observe the still-functioning harnesses, artificial pumps and lakes. The structure, whose name comes from a statue of Mary built on one side of the door, is cone-shaped, with a straw roof and 3m thick walls. Locals used to say that there were actually two rivers: one was the Reno and the second was the street, which was always wet from the melting ice.


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Russell T. Davies, the — shall we say — step father of the new Doctor Who series, is working on a new BBC sci-fi series called Wizards vs. Aliens now that the Doctor is off playing with Mr. Moffat. I'm not really impressed by the lack of creativity in its naming but knowing Davies' work, I'm sure we have lots of quirky fun ahead of us.
The first official photo has been released as well as the official synopsis of the new TV series.
This photo shows Benny Sherwood and Tom Clarke (played by Scott Haran and Percelle Ascott) ever-so-calmly hanging out behind a shed. Probably because they're playing with their alien friends. Or something. (That was sarcasm, guys.)
And here's the synopsis:
Tom Clarke is a seemingly ordinary boy who loves football. He lives with his dad Michael and grandmother Ursula in an ordinary house in an ordinary street – but there's something different about Tom. He has an astonishing secret – his family are Wizards! When the alien Nekross arrive on Earth hungry for magic, there's big, big trouble in store for all wizardkind.
With the help of his friend and science super-brain Benny, Tom must stop them – but will these two unlikely heroes succeed, or will the Nekross devour all the magic on Earth with disastrous results for the whole planet?
Could be lots of wacky fun. What d'you guys think?
Source: blastr
Category: TV


text: WINIFRED S. TOOTHMAN, 68, 3382 Evergreen Road, Zellwood, died Monday. Born in Morgantown, W.Va., she moved to Zellwood from Bethlehem, Pa., in 1983. She was a homemaker and a member of First United Methodist Church of Zellwood. She was a member of the Order of the Eastern Star and the White Shrine of Jerusalem. Survivors: husband, Charles J.; daughter, Patricia T. Walsh, Johnstown, Pa.; three grandchildren. Rehbaum-Harden Funeral Home, Mount Dora.


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On Day 4 of Online Card Classes' "Stretch Your Dies" class, Kristina Werner had a lesson on "Word & Mini Dies Combined." I had 2 cards inspired by that lesson in this post. Today I did another two, more like her example.
I began by cutting a piece of pink cardstock to 4x5.25", and blended Worn Lipstick Distress ink from the bottom edge up to about the center, letting it fade out to the pink base. Then I used Fired Brick to darken about the lower third of the cardstock. Finally, I brought in Aged Mahogany, which is a burgundy color, to darken the very edge. This produced an ombre effect, without too much effort. I did finally discovered the secret to ink blending--use a light hand. I have always tended to push down on the ink blending tool, trying to get good ink coverage. But today I finally figured out if you just hold the tool lightly, and just keep going over the area, it will blend better and still get as dark or bold as you want. Go figure!
To create my first card, I created a white A2 card base. I taped the negative die cut piece to the front with Post-It tape, and used that as a "map" for placing my positive die cuts. Then I glued my "hello" & heart die cuts in place using liquid glue. Once I had everything glued down, I carefully removed the negative piece.
For my second card, all I had to do was apply LOTS of foam tape pieces to the back of the negative die cut piece, and adhere it to another white A2 card base. I also popped up the inner pieces of the letters with foam tape. (NOT easy with the tiny pieces in the "e" and "o"!) And that finished both cards.


text:
boy or girl
July 29, 2009
Filed under Uncategorized
We find out on August 10th!
I've already gone to work on the baby's room. Today I cleaned out the office closet (we are moving the office to the basement) and put the stuff we have so far in it.
We have only bought a couple things on sale and at garage sales, baby's are expensive and we are definitely trying to stick to budget and save so I can stay at home once the school year is over.
Punta Cana
July 28, 2009
Filed under Uncategorized
getting ready for baby.
July 16, 2009
Filed under Uncategorized
I think a lot of posts are going to be about the baby…and there will be tons of vacation pics once we're back. But, for now, the random baby stuff I've bought:
for a picture of the baby & Quinn:
and the first clothing I've bought since I found out we're expecting:
We find out if it's a boy or girl (my dreams are saying girl) on August 10th- don't worry, we plan on sharing the news!


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East Coast Mainline
See our thoughts on the planned take-over by Virgin
East Coast
East Coast Main Line
The East Coast franchise has been in public hands since 2009 but a joint venture between Stagecoach and Virgin will take over the franchise on 1 March. Its plans include 23 new services to and from London and 3,100 extra seats for the morning peak time by 2020. Virgin and Stagecoach already operate rail services on the West Coast main line and I hope they don't change their meal offering. The beef and ale stew with cobbler is packed with flavour. So much so that I asked for a spoon to mop up the gravy. Carrots are also not enough to accompany the meat but it is a sound option. What isn't good is the staff knowledge of dietry problems (lactost and gluten) and also why, or why, do they keep adding herbs and mayo to sandwiches. Simple, pain food – ham, cheese, chicken – would suffice and probably suit more passengers instead of the jazzed-up sarnies now offered.


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The Awakening by Donna Boyd
By Donna Boyd
The distinguished writer of The Alchemist leaves the area of old Egypt with this chilling, sleek ghost tale of an unraveling relatives.
Read Online or Download The Awakening PDF
Best suspense books
Memory in Death (In Death, Book 22)
From OverDrive
Eve Dallas is one tricky cop. it may take greater than a possible traditional middle-aged woman to make her disintegrate. but if that woman is Trudy Lombard, all bets are off. simply seeing Trudy on the station plunges Eve again to the times while she used to be a weak, traumatized younger girl—and trapped in foster care with the twisted girl who now sits smiling in entrance of her.
Trudy claims she got here the entire strategy to ny simply to see how Eve is doing. yet Eve's fiercely protecting husband, Roarke, suspects otherwise—and a blackmail test by way of Trudy proves his suspicion right. Eve and Roarke simply wish the girl out in their lives. yet another person desires her lifeless. And while her homicide involves go, Eve and Roarke will keep on with a circuitous and hazardous route to discover who became the victimizer right into a victim.
From Publishers Weekly
After clashing with clones and killers in final year's beginning in demise, manhattan urban police lieutenant Eve Dallas ("Her eyes have been the colour of excellent, elderly whiskey and have been lengthy just like the remainder of her. and prefer the remainder of her, they have been all cop") settles again right into a extra traditional secret. In December 2059, a mysterious girl indicates up in Eve's workplace claiming to be her "mama. " It's Trudy Lombard, the harsh foster mother who took nine-year-old Eve in after Eve killed her abusive father. Trudy made Eve take chilly baths and locked her in closets, between different torments, and now Trudy desires Eve to pay $2 million to maintain her previous a mystery. Readers of the sequence will understand how Roarke, Eve's wealthy, lethal husband, handles the placement; he tosses Trudy out on her ear. whilst Trudy is located murdered day after today, it's as much as Eve to trap the killer and end up that neither she nor Roarke used to be in the back of the bludgeoning. all of the motion happens over Christmas, and Eve, being Eve, complains in regards to the foolishness of the vacation, yet Roarke et al. proceed to slowly train Eve the virtues of affection, relatives and friendship. this can be quantity 22 in a chain that also manages to suppose clean. (Jan. )
Copyright © Reed enterprise details, a department of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
"THE EXILE is a mental brain bender. Kotzwinkle permits the radical to construct slowly until eventually, within the final hundred pages, the ebook turns into glued to the reader's palms because the devastating climactic scenes pile one on one other. This reviewer suffered nightmares after studying the ultimate pages, nightmares that have been testimony to Kotzwinkle's strong writing.
2014 booklet. First time as an ebook
Sandra Brown's 1st ebook. Written as Rachel Ryan pseudonym
In one reckless evening, Camille Jameson's existence was once replaced without end: a tall, good-looking stranger, a night of romance -- and sufficient regrets to final an entire life. years later, Camille is a winning inside decorator with the chance to revive one in all Mississippi's proudest plantations. She arrives excited and desirous to face her maximum expert problem to this point -- until eventually Zack Prescott saunters during the mansion's entrance door and again into her existence. he's precisely as she recollects, apart from the figuring out glance in his eyes that reminds her of what they as soon as shared. Now, pressured to stay in unbearably shut quarters, Camille and Zack will detect in the event that they have the braveness to stand the earlier -- and, maybe, construct a destiny jointly . . .
Unique e-book: 2002
From The Sisterhood, Michael Palmer's first big apple instances bestseller, to The sufferer, his 9th, reviewers have proclaimed him a grasp of clinical suspense. well-known all over the world for unique, topical, nail-biting suspense, emergency health care provider Palmer'swork has been translated into greater than thirty-five languages. Now he reaches debatable and startling new heights in a terrifying story of state-of-the-art microbiology, unbridled greed, and homicide, the place both figuring out too little or trusting an excessive amount of may be FATAL.
In Chicago, a pregnant cafeteria employee soreness not anything extra malevolent than flulike indicators starts off hemorrhaging from every thing of her physique. In Boston, an excellent musician, her face disfigured by means of an unknown ailment, speedily descends right into a deadly paranoia. In Belinda, West Virginia, a miner by surprise is going berserk, inflicting a cave-in that kills of his co-workers. discovering the hyperlink among those occasions may perhaps end up FATAL.
Five years in the past, internist and emergency professional Matt Rutledge again to his West Virginia domestic to marry his high-school sweetheart and open a tradition. He additionally had a ranking to settle. His father died whereas operating for the Belinda Coal and Coke corporation, and Matt swore to reveal the mine's health and wellbeing and protection violations.
When his liked Ginny succumbed to an strange melanoma, his crusade turned much more bitterly own. Now Matt has pointed out extraordinary circumstances of what he has dubbed the Belinda Syndrome--caused, he's sure, by means of the mine's careless disposal of poisonous chemical substances. All he wishes is proof.
Meanwhile, ladies, unknown to each other, are drawn inexorably to Belinda, into Matt's life--and into mortal probability. Massachusetts coroner Nikki Solari involves attend the funeral of her roommate, killed violently on a Boston highway. Ellen Kroft, a retired schoolteacher from Maryland, seeks the remorseless killer who has threatened to wreck her and her relations. 3 strangers--Rutledge, Solari, and Kroft--each carry one piece of a puzzle they need to resolve, and clear up quick. in the event that they don't, it is going to be excess of simply their very own lives which are at risk.
Michael Palmer has crafted a singular of breathtaking velocity and clinical intricacy the place not anything is because it turns out and one fake step should be deadly.
- Blue Molly (Danny Logan, Book 5)
- The Overlook (Harry Bosch, Book 13)
- Playing Dead
- The Widow
- Look Behind You
Extra resources for The Awakening
Example text
She caught the faintest whiff of leather on his warm puppy breath. "Aren't you cute? " Simon snarled it. "An escape artist who doesn't sleep. If I take my eye off him for two minutes, he eats something or breaks something or finds the most inappropriate place to relieve himself. " She snuggled the pup. " Simon shot a look at the dog that didn't speak of returning sloppy kisses. " "Very appropriate. " She crouched down with him, then signaled her dogs to release. As they trotted over, she set the puppy on the ground.
Revived, rested, fascinated with everything, Hugh talked nonstop. Amused, Fiona let him ramble and dreamed of a vat of coffee, an enormous burger and a gallon bucket of fries. When she spotted the house through the trees, she dug out another gear and quickened her pace. They'd barely cleared the line when Rosie and Devin ran out of the house. Fiona crouched. "Off you go, Hugh. " She stayed down, slung her arm around Peck, whose entire body wagged with joy. "Yeah," she murmured to him as Devin beat his wife by a couple lopes and snatched Hugh up.
Big hands, she noted, on the ends of long arms. Like the boots, the leather jacket he wore had some years on it. But the truck looked new. " she called out, and he stopped frowning at the training area to turn toward her. " His voice had an edge to it, not anger so much as that annoyance she read on his face. Behind her Bogart gave a little whine. " She stepped off the porch as he started toward her, watched his gaze skim over her three guardians. " His eyes, tawny, like warm, deeply steeped tea, shifted back to her.


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Seattle Seahawks offensive lineman Rees Odhiambo was hospitalized Sunday night when he had difficulty breathing in the locker room after the team's victory over the Indianapolis Colts.
The NFL Network and ESPN's Adam Schefter that Odhiambo may have suffered a cardiac contusion when he had the wind knocked out of him in the third quarter. Odhiambo, who played for all 68 snaps, was stabilized in the locker room and taken to a hospital for observation, which is where Coach Pete Carroll said he remained as of Monday morning.
"He had a response, he got hit in the chest on the interception return [by the Colts' Malik Hooker] and it wasn't a violent hit but the guy must have caught him just right with the shoulder and it knocked the wind out of him," Carroll said (via the Seattle Times). "That's what happened on the field and he had trouble really breathing through the game but he made it — it was okay. But in the locker room it just exacerbated so we took all the precautions and made sure we looked after him."
Read more from The Post:
What's the end game for the NFL and protesting players?
After Trump renews call for NFL players to stand for anthem, protests continue Sunday
On another NFL Sunday, the anthem protest debate continues in Baltimore
NFL Week 4 brings more protests, a jab at President Trump, big injuries and stunning upsets
Anthem protests began with a few NFL players. Trump's tweets engulfed all of them.


text:
Saturday 31st October 1942
Nothing much happened today. Two big Stuka raids. Little news of the Aussie attack. Understand a ridge was captured and 500 prisoners taken. The mediums fired all night. They were heavily raided but did not even pause in their barrage. (So I was told! I slept like a log after I came off sentry-go, at 2a.m.)
The Kiwi attack for tonight has been postponed.
The Kiwi attack for tonight has been postponed.


text:
Memaloose Island Burials
Klickitat County, Washington
Contributed by Douglas L. Taylor, Dec 18, 2000 [email@example.com].
The remains of the Indians buried on Memaloose Island were removed to other burial grounds when the water was raised. This is a list of those disinterred from Memaloose Island and buried in Hartland Cemetery, Lot 4 block 3 on Feb 11, 1957. The numbers at the end of each line are apparently the box numbers."Eleven boxes in common grave as per contract between the U.S. Corps of Engineers and Wm. Gross Contracting Co, Responsible relative: Louise Van Pelt Spino. Smith Callaway Chapel, By L. R. Smith"
Snutups, Alice, #8
Snutups, Baby, #8
Snutups, William, #8
Tewanish, ??, Mother of Lemict-Suzie, #4
Tewanish, David, #5
Tewanish, Father, father of John Tewanish, #9
Tewanish, Father, father of Lemict-Suzie, #10
Tewanish, Harry, #5
Tewanish, John, #5
Tewanish, Lemict-Suzie, #10
Tewanish, Mary, #9
Tewanish, Mathew, #5
Tewanish, daughter, dau of Lemict-Suzie, #10
Tewanish, daughter, dau of Lemict-Suzie, #10
Tewanish-Van Pelt, ??, Member of Tewanish-Van Pelt Family, #11
Tewanish-Van Pelt, Members of Tewanish-Van Pelt Family, #1
Tewanish-Van Pelt, Members of Tewanish-Van Pelt Family, #2
Tewanish-Van Pelt, Members of Tewanish-Van Pelt Family, #3
Van Pelt, Kanuppum-Nellie, #6
Van Pelt, William, #7
Washington Death Records
- Washington Newspapers, Full Search (1854-1984), 109 titles - GenealogyBank.com
- Washington Obituary Search - (1985-current) - GenealogyBank.com
- Washington Funeral Notices - GenealogyBank.com


text:
Howard J. Bashman's appellate columns, etc.
An archive of Howard J. Bashman's monthly columns about appellate litigation, with other of his writings thrown in for good measure
Monday, July 16, 2001
Recent Third Circuit Ruling Will Subject Many Pennsylvania Common-Law Arbitration Awards To Increased Federal Court Scrutiny
By Howard J. Bashman
Monday, Jul 16, 2001
Experienced appellate practitioners know that an advantageous standard of review can be crucial to winning on appeal. Orders granting motions to dismiss on the pleadings and motions for summary judgment are among the most often reversed on appeal, because appellate courts apply a non-deferential plenary review. By contrast, an appeal that challenges a judge's findings of fact at a non-jury trial, or argues that a jury's verdict is against the manifest weight of the evidence, rarely will succeed, because the applicable standards of review require an appellate court to show great deference to those types of decisions.
Perhaps the most deferential of all standards of review is the one that Pennsylvania law applies to a common-law arbitration award. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has ruled that the grounds for denying enforcement of a common-law arbitration award are "extremely limited."
Newspaper Guild of Greater Phila.
Philadelphia Daily News, Inc.
, 164 A.2d 215, 220 (Pa. 1960). Pennsylvania's highest court has further explained that "arbitrators are the final judges of both law and fact, and an award will not be reviewed or set aside for mistake in either."
Patriotic Order Sons of Am.
Hartford Fire Ins. Co.
, 157 A. 259, 262 (Pa. 1931). Indeed, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has ruled that "an arbitration award is conclusive even if it has the effect of varying the terms of the contract" and even if the award is "blatantly at odds with the contract involved."
Keystone Ins. Co.
, 383 A.2d 189, 192-93 (Pa. 1978).
By contrast, the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA), which governs contracts containing an arbitration provision if the contract "evidenc[es] a transaction involving commerce," 9 U.S.C. § 2, gives a reviewing court greater leeway to set aside or alter an arbitration award. Under the FAA, a court may set aside an arbitration award that manifestly disregards the law or fails the test of fundamental rationality.
Roadway Package Sys., Inc.
, No. 99-1907, 2001 WL 629276, at *4 n.2 (3d Cir. June 7, 2001). In its recent opinion in
, the Third Circuit agreed that Pennsylvania's "vacatur standards for common law arbitration awards are so much narrower than the FAA's."
, the Third Circuit finally resolved a thorny arbitration-related standard of review question that the court first noted some fourteen years ago in
Apex Fountain Sales, Inc.
, 818 F.2d 1089, 1094-95 & n.4 (3d Cir. 1987). Put simply, the question is this: where a contract evidencing a transaction involving commerce contains both an arbitration clause and a generic choice of law provision stating that Pennsylvania law governs the contract, is an arbitration award due the all but complete deference provided under Pennsylvania law, or is the award subject to a lesser degree of deference under the FAA?
The answer the Third Circuit supplied last month may come as a surprise. The court held that the generic choice of law provision was insufficient to establish the parties' intent to select Pennsylvania's highly deferential standard of review applicable to common-law arbitrations. Thus, the FAA's less deferential standard of review applied, the Third Circuit held, and under that standard of review the federal appellate court set aside the arbitrator's award because it appeared plainly to violate the terms of the parties' agreement.
Importantly, the Third Circuit ruled in
that the FAA permits parties to agree in the contract between them that any arbitration award is subject to Pennsylvania's standard of review, rather than the FAA's. But, the court held, a generic choice of law provision stating that the contract "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania" was insufficient to evidence such an agreement. Rather, the court explained, parties that wish to opt for Pennsylvania's standard of review instead of the FAA's should include in their contract language providing that "any controversy shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the terms of the Pennsylvania Uniform Arbitration Act."
Putting aside the readily apparent irony that the Third Circuit has invoked the FAA, a statute that reflects "a liberal federal policy favoring arbitration,"
Moses H. Cone Mem. Hosp.
Mercury Constr. Corp.
, 460 U.S. 1, 24 (1983), to make it easier for a court to set aside the result of an arbitration proceeding, the importance of the Third Circuit's recent ruling in
can hardly be overstated. As the panel's opinion explains, the question whether parties may ever opt-out of the FAA's standard of review was already the subject of a split among the U.S. Courts of Appeals. In answering that question in the affirmative, the Third Circuit sided with the vast majority of federal appellate courts to have addressed that issue. The opinion further explains that another circuit split exists over whether a generic choice of law provision sufficiently evidences the contracting parties' intent to elect the chosen state's standard of review in lieu of the FAA's. Greatly complicating this second circuit split is the fact that it arises from doubt about how to reconcile two apparently conflicting U.S. Supreme Court decisions that give vastly different effects under the FAA to contractual choice of law provisions.
Volt Info. Scis., Inc.
Board of Trustees of Leland Stanford Junior Univ.
, 489 U.S. 468 (1989), the Supreme Court concluded that the FAA did not preempt a California law that permitted a state court to stay arbitration pending the resolution of related litigation involving third-parties who were not bound by an agreement to arbitrate.
arose in the California state court system, and before the case reached the U.S. Supreme Court a California state court had ruled that the parties' forum selection clause mandating application of California law demonstrated the parties' intent to apply California's body of arbitration law. The U.S. Supreme Court in
stated that the California state court should have the last word on whether the contractual forum selection clause sufficed to invoke California's body of arbitration law.
Exactly six years to the day later, the Supreme Court announced its ruling in
Shearson Lehman Hutton, Inc.
, 514 U.S. 52 (1995), by means of an opinion that charitably can be said to be in some tension with the Court's earlier ruling in
. In
, customers filed a claim in arbitration against their securities broker. The contract between these parties contained a choice of law provision specifying that "[t]his agreement . . . shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York." After the arbitration panel returned an award that included punitive damages in the customers' favor, the broker sought judicial review in federal district court, arguing that New York's law of arbitration prohibited arbitrators from awarding punitive damages. Both the district court and the court of appeals agreed and vacated the arbitrator's award of punitive damages. The Supreme Court, however, disagreed and reversed, holding that the choice of law provision failed to demonstrate with sufficient clarity that the parties had intended to invoke New York's law of arbitration, which would have prohibited the award of punitive damages.
Reasonable minds can certainly disagree over how best to harmonize the Supreme Court's rulings in
. In
, Chief Judge Edward R. Becker's majority opinion for himself and Circuit Judge Richard L. Nygaard concluded that
established that a generic choice of law provision is insufficient to demonstrate the parties' agreement to be bound by the designated state's law governing review of arbitration awards. In so concluding, Chief Judge Becker's opinion closely followed the reasoning found in Justice William J. Brennan's dissenting opinion in
. Circuit Judge Thomas L. Ambro, who issued a separate opinion in
concurring only in the judgment, argued that the Pennsylvania choice of law provision sufficed to demonstrate that the parties wished to be bound by Pennsylvania's stricter standards for setting aside a common-law arbitration award. Judge Ambro's argument in this respect followed Justice Clarence Thomas's dissenting opinion in
One very interesting question that arises in the aftermath of the Third Circuit's Roadway decision is whether Pennsylvania state courts will agree that a contractual choice of law provision selecting Pennsylvania law in a contract requiring arbitration of disputes and evidencing a transaction involving commerce fails to demonstrate the parties' intent that the arbitration award be reviewed under Pennsylvania law rather than under the FAA. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that the FAA applies in both federal and state courts.
Southland Corp.
, 465 U.S. 1, 15-16 (1984). Yet, a search of Westlaw's "Pennsylvania cases" database conducted in late June 2001 revealed only nine reported Pennsylvania state court opinions that mentioned the "Federal Arbitration Act," which Congress enacted in 1925.
The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in
establishes that Pennsylvania state appellate courts have the discretion to rule that a contract's Pennsylvania choice of law provision suffices to demonstrate the parties' intent that an arbitration award be governed by the very restrictive Pennsylvania common-law rules of arbitration review. The Third Circuit's ruling in
does not bind Pennsylvania state courts; rather, state courts have an independent duty to apply federal law as they understand it, and state courts are only bound by the U.S. Supreme Court's pronouncements of what federal law is.
, 506 U.S. 364, 375-76 (1993) (Thomas, J., concurring) ("neither federal supremacy nor any other principle of federal law requires that a state court's interpretation of federal law give way to a (lower) federal court's interpretation"). While the U.S. Supreme Court has observed that "Congress would not have wanted state and federal courts to reach different outcomes about the validity of arbitration in similar cases,"
Allied-Bruce Terminix Cos.
, 513 U.S. 265, 272 (1995), precisely that result would occur if Pennsylvania state courts disagree with the Third Circuit's decision in
Until the state appellate courts of Pennsylvania make clear whether they will follow the Third Circuit's holding in
, parties that are on the losing side of an arbitration award will greatly prefer to have their challenges to the award heard and decided by a federal court. The FAA, however, does not itself confer subject matter jurisdiction on federal courts, and thus only arbitration challenges in which diversity of citizenship or federal question jurisdiction exists can be filed in or removed to federal court.
First Options of Chicago, Inc.
, 143 F.3d 807, 814 (3d Cir. 1998). At least one thing is certain in the aftermath of
-- the FAA is about to be litigated much more often in Pennsylvania state court actions challenging common-law arbitration awards.
This article is reprinted with permission from the July 16, 2001 issue of The Western Pennsylvania Legal Intelligencer © 2001 NLP IP Company.
posted by Howard Bashman
Monday, July 09, 2001
Report Card from the U.S. Supreme Court: How the Third Circuit and Pa. Appellate Courts Fared in the October Term, 2000
By Howard J. Bashman
Monday, July 9, 2001
The Supreme Court of the United States, in its just-completed October 2000 Term, issued a total of 85 opinions, 77 of which were signed and eight of which were per curiam.
Five of those 85 decisions involved cases that reached the Supreme Court from the Philadelphia-based U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. In two of those five cases, the Supreme Court affirmed. In the remaining three, the Supreme Court reversed.
In 11 other cases, the Supreme Court explained that it granted review to resolve a conflict among appellate courts that included the Third Circuit. In five of those 11 cases, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Third Circuit's approach. In the remaining six cases, the Supreme Court rejected the Third Circuit's approach.
None of the U.S. Supreme Court's 85 decisions involved cases that reached the high Court directly from Pennsylvania state appellate courts. But the U.S. Supreme Court disapproved of Pennsylvania state appellate court decisions three times in its October 2000 Term.
Third Circuit Affirmed:
The Third Circuit's most newsworthy affirmance came in
, 121 S. Ct. 1753 (2001). There, the Supreme Court ruled 6-3 that it would violate the First Amendment to hold liable under federal and Pennsylvania anti-wiretapping laws defendants who had lawfully received and broadcast an illegally recorded cellular telephone audiotape that concerned matters of public interest. Justice John Paul Stevens wrote the majority opinion. Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist wrote a dissenting opinion, in which Justices Antonin Scalia and Clarence Thomas joined. Justice Stephen G. Breyer wrote a concurring opinion, joined by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, that limited the Court's holding to the specific facts of this case.
The Supreme Court's ruling affirmed the Third Circuit's decision in
, 200 F.3d 109 (3d Cir. 1999). Circuit Judge Dolores K. Sloviter wrote that decision, in which Circuit Judge Robert E. Cowen joined. District Judge Louis H. Pollak dissented from the ruling.
The other decision in which the Supreme Court affirmed a ruling of the Third Circuit was
, 121 S. Ct. 1819 (2001). There, the Supreme Court unanimously agreed, in an opinion by Justice David H. Souter, that the federal Prison Litigation Reform Act requires a prisoner to exhaust administrative remedies against prison guards who allegedly assaulted him even where the administrative process does not permit the award of money damages, and the prisoner seeks only money damages in his lawsuit, so long as the administrative tribunal can take some responsive action.
The Supreme Court's ruling in
represented something of a double victory for Third Circuit Chief Judge Edward R. Becker. The Supreme Court directly affirmed his opinion in
, 206 F.3d 289 (3d Cir. 2000), in which Circuit Judge Theodore A. McKee joined, with visiting Ninth Circuit Judge John T. Noonan, Jr. dissenting on other grounds. The holding that the Supreme Court affirmed in
was first announced by Chief Judge Becker in
, 204 F.3d 65 (3d Cir. 2000). Circuit Judges Samuel A. Alito, Jr. and Maryanne Trump Barry joined in the
Third Circuit Reversed:
The three cases in which the Supreme Court reversed the Third Circuit were somewhat less newsworthy. In
Buckman Co.
Plaintiffs' Legal Comm.
, 531 U.S. 341 (2001), the Supreme Court unanimously held that federal law preempted state law "fraud on the Food and Drug Administration" claims brought by orthopedic bone screw recipients. Chief Justice Rehnquist wrote the opinion reversing the Third Circuit's decision in
In re Orthopedic Bone Screw Prods. Liab. Litig.
, 159 F.3d 817 (3d Cir. 1998). Circuit Judge Walter K. Stapleton wrote that decision, in which Circuit Judge Marjorie O. Rendell joined. Judge Cowen dissented.
The Third Circuit's final two reversals came in habeas corpus cases that arose from the Pennsylvania state court system. In
Lackawanna County Dist. Attorney
, 121 S. Ct. 1567 (2001), the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that a convicted criminal cannot argue that his sentence should not be enhanced based on the alleged unconstitutionality of a prior conviction unless the defendant lacked counsel in the earlier case. Justice O'Connor wrote the majority opinion; Justices Stevens, Souter, Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Breyer dissented. The Supreme Court's ruling reversed the Third Circuit's decision in
Lackawanna County Dist. Attorney
, 204 F.3d 453 (3d Cir. 2000) (en banc). Circuit Judge Ruggero J. Aldisert wrote the Third Circuit's majority opinion. Circuit Judge Richard L. Nygaard wrote a dissenting opinion, in which Circuit Judge Jane R. Roth joined, disputing whether Coss's prior conviction had any effect whatsoever on his current sentence. Justice O'Connor's opinion agreed with Judge Nygaard's dissent and stated that the Third Circuit majority's contrary conclusion was "clearly erroneous."
The second habeas case in which the Supreme Court reversed the Third Circuit was
, 531 U.S. 225 (2001) (per curiam). Fiore and a co-defendant named Scarpone were convicted of violating a Pennsylvania law that made it a crime to operate a hazardous waste facility without a permit. In fact, they possessed a permit and had merely exceeded its scope. Fiore appealed from his conviction to the Superior Court of Pennsylvania, which affirmed, and then unsuccessfully sought discretionary review in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. The Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania thereafter decided Scarpone's appeal and overturned his conviction, because the defendants possessed a permit. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court granted review in Scarpone's case and affirmed, but that Court (for reasons that defy explanation) rebuffed Fiore's later attempts to have his conviction set aside.
Fiore then filed a habeas corpus petition in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania. The petition argued that the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania had held, in Scarpone's case, that the conduct for which Fiore had been convicted was not a crime. District Judge Gary L. Lancaster granted Fiore's habeas petition, but the Third Circuit reversed. Judge Alito's opinion in
, 149 F.3d 221 (3d Cir. 1998), held that federal law did not require that the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania's decision be given retroactive effect to benefit Fiore. Judge Stapleton and visiting District Judge Milton I. Shadur joined that decision.
After the U.S. Supreme Court granted review, it certified a question to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court asking whether that court's ruling in Scarpone's case announced a new rule of law or simply declared the longstanding meaning of the criminal statute at issue. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court, in a unanimous decision by Justice Sandra Schultz Newman, ruled that its decision in Scarpone's case "furnishes the proper statement of law at the date Fiore's conviction became final."
, 757 A.2d 842 (Pa. 2000).
Based on that answer to the certified question, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed the Third Circuit's judgment. The Supreme Court's unanimous per curiam opinion explained that "the question is simply whether Pennsylvania can, consistently with the Federal Due Process Clause, convict Fiore for conduct that its criminal statute, as properly interpreted, does not prohibit." The answer to that question, of course, was "no."
Third Circuit Approved:
In 11 other cases that did not arise from the Third Circuit, the Supreme Court expressly noted that the Third Circuit was involved in the circuit splits at issue. In five of those cases, the Supreme Court approved of the Third Circuit's holdings.
St. Cyr
, 121 S. Ct. 2271 (2001), the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that Congress had not deprived federal courts of habeas corpus jurisdiction to review the U.S. Attorney General's conclusion that lawfully admitted aliens convicted of a crime are no longer eligible, under laws enacted after they were convicted, for discretionary relief from deportation. The Court further held that aliens who pled guilty to a crime at a time when they would have been eligible for discretionary relief from deportation remained eligible for such relief. Justice Stevens wrote the majority opinion; Chief Justice Rehnquist and Justices O'Connor, Scalia and Thomas dissented. The
St. Cyr
ruling approved of two Third Circuit decisions written by Judge Sloviter:
, 206 F.3d 308 (3d Cir. 2000), and
, 166 F.3d 225 (3d Cir. 1999). Judges Roth and Cowen joined in the
opinion, and Circuit Judge Anthony J. Scirica joined in, and Judge Alito dissented from, the
The other 5-4 decision in which the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Third Circuit's side of a conflict was
Circuit City Stores, Inc.
, 121 S. Ct. 1302 (2001). Justice Anthony M. Kennedy wrote the majority opinion, and Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissented. The Supreme Court agreed with the Third Circuit that only employment contracts of transportation workers, and not all employment contracts generally, are exempt from coverage under the Federal Arbitration Act. In so ruling, the Supreme Court approved of the Third Circuit's ruling in
Tenney Eng'g
United Elec. Radio & Mach. Workers
, 207 F.2d 450 (3d Cir. 1953) (en banc). Former Circuit Judge Albert Branson Maris wrote the majority opinion in that case.
Cedric Kushner Promotions, Ltd.
, 121 S. Ct. 2087 (2001), the Supreme Court ruled unanimously in an opinion by Justice Breyer that the president and sole shareholder of a corporation could be a "person" liable under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act even if the only RICO enterprise alleged was his corporation. In so ruling, the Supreme Court approved the Third Circuit's holding in
Jaguar Cars, Inc.
Royal Oaks Motor Car Co.
, 46 F.3d 258 (3d Cir. 1995). Judge Becker wrote the opinion in
Jaguar Cars
, in which Judge Alito and District Judge Anita B. Brody joined.
, 121 S. Ct. 2120 (2001), the Supreme Court ruled 7-2 that a federal statute that tolls the time in which a federal habeas corpus application must be filed while "State post-conviction or other collateral review" is being sought did not also afford tolling while an earlier federal court habeas petition had been pending. Justice O'Connor wrote the majority opinion, from which Justices Ginsburg and Breyer dissented.
approved the Third Circuit's ruling in
195 F.3d 153 (3d Cir. 1999), which Judge Scirica wrote and in which Judge Stapleton and District Judge Clifford Scott Green joined.
The final decision in which the Supreme Court sided with the Third Circuit is such a complicated tax case that all persons other than corporate tax attorneys should skip ahead to the next paragraph. For those still here, in
, 531 U.S. 206 (2001), the Court ruled 8-1 that a Subchapter S corporation's shareholders can increase their basis in the corporation's stock by the amount of the corporation's discharge of indebtedness excluded from gross income. And, that increase in basis occurs before the taxpayers are required to reduce the corporation's tax attributes. Justice Thomas wrote the opinion for the Court, from which Justice Breyer dissented. Questions about this ruling should be directed to a tax professional. Happily, the obscure nature of this dispute did not evade the Third Circuit's understanding. In
United States
, 202 F.3d 198 (3d Cir. 2000), Judge Roth, joined by Circuit Judges Carol Los Mansmann and Joseph F. Weis, Jr., reached precisely the same outcome that the Supreme Court later reached in
rd Circuit Rejected:
Six Supreme Court decisions resolved circuit splits adversely to the Third Circuit's prior rulings. The Supreme Court decided four of these six cases by 5-4 margins, while the remaining two were decided unanimously.
Buckhannon Bd. & Care Home, Inc.
West Va. Dep't of Health & Human Res.
, 121 S. Ct. 1835 (2001), the Court ruled 5-4 that federal attorneys' fee-shifting statutes require a party to secure either a judgment on the merits or a court-ordered consent decree to qualify as the "prevailing party." In so ruling, Chief Justice Rehnquist's opinion rejected case law from the vast majority of circuits holding that where a suit has brought about a voluntary change in the defendant's conduct, the plaintiff can recover fees as the "prevailing party" under a "catalyst" theory. Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissented. The Supreme Court's decision rejected the Third Circuit's rulings in
Institutionalized Juveniles
Secretary of Pub. Welfare
, 758 F.2d 897 (3d Cir. 1985), and
Harrisburg Hous. Auth.
, 21 F.3d 541 (3d Cir. 1994). Judge Becker wrote the opinion in
Institutionalized Juveniles
. Judge Sloviter wrote the opinion in
, in which Judge Stapleton and Judge Jane A. Restani of the U.S. Court of International Trade joined.
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits racial and national origin discrimination in certain covered state programs. The question presented in
, 121 S. Ct. 1511 (2001), was whether a private right of action existed to enforce regulations that the Department of Justice had issued under Title VI. In
, the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that no such private right of action existed. Justice Scalia wrote the opinion of the Court, from which Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissented. In so ruling, the Supreme Court disagreed with the Third Circuit's opinions in
Chester Residents Concerned for Quality Living
, 132 F.3d 925 (3d Cir. 1997), and
, 189 F.3d 387 (3d Cir. 1999). Judge Cowen wrote the decision in
, in which Judge Roth and former Circuit Judge Timothy K. Lewis joined. Judge Sloviter wrote the decision in
, in which Judge Mansmann and visiting District Judge Robert J. Ward joined.
United States
, 531 U.S. 12 (2001) (Ginsburg, J.), the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that state-issued licenses did not constitute "property" for purposes of the federal mail fraud statute.
disagreed with the Third Circuit's contrary ruling in
United States
, 905 F.2d 709 (3d Cir. 1990). Judge Sloviter wrote the Third Circuit's opinion in
, in which former Circuit Judge William D. Hutchinson and Judge Cowen joined.
, 121 S. Ct. 1335 (2001), the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that a defendant's Sixth Amendment right to counsel attaches only to the charged criminal offense, refusing to recognize any exception to that rule for uncharged crimes that are factually related to the charged offense. Chief Justice Rehnquist wrote the majority opinion, from which Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissented. In so ruling, the Supreme Court disagreed with the Third Circuit's decision in
United States
, 106 F.3d 37 (3d Cir. 1997). Judge Nygaard wrote that opinion, in which Judges Becker and Roth joined.
The Third Circuit has been construing the federal government's flood control immunity from suit too broadly, the Supreme Court unanimously concluded in
Central Green Co.
United States
, 531 U.S. 425 (2001). Although Justice Stevens' opinion graciously conceded that the conflict that had arisen among the courts of appeals resulted from the Supreme Court's "admittedly confusing dicta" in an earlier decision, the Court nonetheless rejected the Third Circuit's ruling in
United States
, 894 F.2d 70 (3d Cir. 1990). Judge Nygaard wrote the
opinion, in which Judge Hutchinson and District Judge Jan E. DuBois joined.
Finally, in
, 121 S. Ct. 2478 (2001), the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that its earlier decision in
, 498 U.S. 39 (1990) (per curiam), did not constitute "a new rule of constitutional law, made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court." As a result, convicted criminals could not bring successive habeas corpus petitions based on
, which held that a jury instruction was unconstitutional if there was a reasonable likelihood that the jury believed it could convict without proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Justice Thomas wrote the opinion in
, from which Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissented. The Supreme Court's decision in
disagreed with the Third Circuit's ruling in
, 204 F.3d 53 (3d Cir. 2000). Chief Judge Becker wrote the decision in
, in which Judge McKee and visiting Judge Noonan joined.
Third Circuit Decisions that Barely Escaped Review:
Two other Third Circuit decisions were at issue in dissents from denials of certiorari. In
, 121 S. Ct. 873 (2001), Justice Thomas dissented from the Court's order denying review of the Third Circuit's decision in
New Jersey
, 222 F.3d 118 (3d Cir. 2000). There, the Third Circuit ruled that an unlawfully convicted individual could not bring a civil rights action for damages against a county prosecutor who had improperly coerced the testimony of child witnesses during interviews about alleged sexual abuse. Justice Thomas's dissent noted that the Third Circuit's decision in
conflicted with the Second Circuit's ruling in
, 221 F.3d 342 (2d Cir. 2000), and explained "I believe the Second Circuit's approach is very likely correct." Visiting Ninth Circuit Judge Arthur L. Alarcon wrote the Third Circuit's opinion in
, in which Circuit Judges Mansmann and Morton I. Greenberg joined.
Justice O'Connor, joined by the Chief Justice and Justice Thomas, dissented from the denial of certiorari in
Northwest Airlines, Inc.
, 121 S. Ct. 650 (2000). At issue was the meaning of the word "service" in the provision of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 that expressly preempts certain state laws. In
Taj Mahal Travel, Inc.
Delta Airlines Inc.
, 164 F.3d 186 (3d Cir. 1998), the Third Circuit construed the term "service" much more narrowly than have the Fourth, Fifth and Seventh Circuits. The Supreme Court fell one vote shy of granting review in
, and therefore the Third Circuit's decision in
Taj Mahal
survives for now. Judge Weis wrote the
Taj Mahal
opinion, in which Chief Judge Becker joined; Judge Leonard I. Garth dissented on other grounds.
Disapproving Pa. State Appellate Courts:
Only three Supreme Court decisions touched upon Pennsylvania state appellate court rulings, and in none of those three cases did the state courts receive good news. In
, the Supreme Court ordered that the defendant's Pennsylvania state court criminal conviction be overturned because it violated the U.S. Constitution's due process clause. Both the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and the Pennsylvania Superior Court had repeatedly denied that relief to the defendant.
, the Supreme Court rejected the broad view of the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel that the Pennsylvania Superior Court adopted in
In re Pack
, 616 A.2d 1006 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1992). Judge William F. Cercone wrote that opinion, in which Judges Frank J. Montemuro, Jr. and Kate Ford Elliott joined.
Finally, Justice Scalia's concurring opinion in
Buckhannon Bd.
, a decision that rejected the "catalyst" theory for awarding attorneys' fees under federal fee-shifting statutes, did not find persuasive the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's rather ancient opinion in
, 9 Pa. 214 (1848). There, Pennsylvania's highest court ruled that a defendant who voluntarily paid to plaintiff the debt at issue in the suit would also be liable for the plaintiff's costs, because settlement was an acknowledgement of liability.
This article is reprinted with permission from the July 9, 2001 issue of The Legal Intelligencer © 2001 NLP IP Company.
posted by Howard Bashman


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Christmas Morning was wonderful, This year Santa did a great job we thinked he must of dropped his entire sled off at our house!!! John and I were way excited for Christmas morning we could not wait to see the girls faces!!!
All the gifts!!!
Makenna was a really good girl this year!!! Santa brought her this Pink Saddle!!!
The girls toy!!!
Makenna's Gift from Santa!!!
Sayla's stuff from Santa!!!
Christmas Morning the girls woak up around 8:00 in the morning, John and I went and got everything ready, John made the girls sing jingle bells for a couple minutes and then let them through, this is there faces as they came out to see what Santa had brought them!!!
The first thing Makenna did is run to the pink saddle and get on it!!! She was so excited!!!
Sayla loved her trisicle!!! She was so happy!!!
Makenna in front of her stuff!!!
John is excited to find what was in his stocking!!!
Makenna going through her stocking and Sayla watching her!!! This girls ars so funny to watch!!
Sayla starts opening presents and Makenna being the big sister is helping her!!!
It took seconds for Sayla to open the presents she was going to town on them like she did on her birthday!!!
She could not get enough of her trike, she would open the present and then go back to her trike!!
Makenna opening presents!!
Sayla opening presents!!
Play food to go with her Grocery cart!!!
Makenna was funny this year for Christmas Makenna want the tangle doll, well she got it she was way excited!!!
Santa left a letter thanking ther girls for the treats!!!
Afton and Sayla Christmas morning!!!
Sayla tring out her trike!!!
There she goes she is getting the hang of it!!!
Makenna trying out her new bike and Grandpa helping her!!!
Girls with there new bikes!!!
Affy and Emma!!!
Christmas morning my mom and dad, Afton, Chance, Sarah and John's mom Paula came over to have breakfast and to see what the kids got for Christmas!!! It was a great way to spend Christmas morning!!!
Sayla was having fun playing with the play dough ice cream cone maker!!!!
I was so lucky to get this sweet present from Makenna for Christmas!!!
We had such a wonderful Christmas!!! The kids were amazing!!!! I love this picture because this what we spent doing ther rest of the day opening the presents and putting them together, John was excited to use his new drills he got for Christmas!!!!! I just want to say how thankful I am for my family and for being so blessed!!!


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Who was Henry Lawson?
"Give me a pound a column, and a drop to clear my throat,
An' I will write the reddest song as ever poet wrote"
1867 Birth of Henry Lawson (d. September 2, 1922), Australian's best-known writer of short stories and verse, noted for his realistic portrayals of bush life and the revolutionary politics of his earlier writing.
Henry Lawson was born dirt-poor in a bark hut* on the goldfields at Grenfell, New South Wales. Likewise, he died in abject poverty, under a tree in his garden, and Prime Minister William Morris Hughes ordered one of the grandest State funerals ever seen in Australia, and the first for a writer, which was attended by many thousands in St Andrew's Cathedral and out on the streets of Sydney (picture of funeral).
Years later, his face was on Australia's $10 note, only to be removed and replaced with that of his conservative friend and Bulletin magazine poetic sparring partner, Banjo Paterson. On the reverse of today's $10 note is one-time Communist Mary Gilmore, who Lawson once asked to marry him, but was refused. She changed her mind soon after she had sailed to Paraguay to live on the William Lane-led radical communal experiment, New Australia, but by then it was too late as Lawson had married the daughter of two of Australia's most famous fiery radicals, William and Bertha McNamara.
Henry Lawson's mother was the pioneer feminist and 'Mother of Women's Suffrage', Louisa Lawson (1848 - 1920), publisher/editor of the progressive women's journal, Dawn (a "paper in which women may express their own opinions on political and social questions"), which Henry Lawson printed in its earliest editions. His brother-in-law was another fiery labor man, Jack Lang, who became Premier of New South Wales in 1925 ...
Henry Lawson lived much of his life in poverty and alcoholic despair, but even during his lifetime he was acknowledged as a poetic genius, much-loved by the Australian people who until recently had a strong poetic culture. With Andrew Barton 'Banjo' Paterson (1864 - 1941), he is Australia's national poet and the two names are often said together. His poetry, however, like his short stories (he was prolific in both genres), has much more of a radical bent than that of Banjo. The two men were friendly rivals and a famous poetic duel (Up the Country), was fought publicly between them in The Bulletin. Paterson's poem romanticised the Aussie outback; Henry Lawson, ever the cynic-realist, answered decrying its harshness, poverty and social injustice ...
Tagged: henry+lawson, louisa+lawson, australia, literature, history, labor+history, radical+history, poetry, biography


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5 ways to make the most of digital disruption
Pratap S Gharge, President and CIO, Bajaj Electricals Ltd, on how to ride the disruption wave to your benefit. By Shweta Gandhi
Pratap S Gharge joined Bajaj Electricals in 1985, and has followed a long and arduous path up the IT ladder, successfully positioning himself as the President and CIO of the company today. His 32 years of experience have seen his grow from strength to strength. In his current role he is actively involved in strategising technology adoption at Bajaj Electricals while also enabling business processes. He was recently awarded as a Digital Icon at CIO Power List 2016. Here he tells us how CIOs can utilise the opportunities digital disruption offers.
1. Partner with business colleagues
"Digital disruption is one more opportunity for CIOs to get into the business and partner with business colleagues to expand horizons. Traditionally, operational technology decisions were taken by business colleagues, and after the decisions were taken, if they were facing any problems, IT colleagues would help them. Instead of following that reactive approach, IT should create a different kind of vertical that manages this form of operational technology (as well as other smart tech products) in a better and secure way so as to better contribute to business. The way to ride the disruption wave is to adopt and start engaging with the business team; start educating them to do some small pilots rather than not doing anything."
2. Involve the security team
"Today, as technology is converging and becoming more digitised, most of these operational technologies are also becoming software driven and IP-enabled. This inclusion is making products prone to security threats. Even IoT, which makes products smarter, is IP-enabled, and this is creating another landscape of threats. As mobile is becoming pervasive, companies are using mobile apps to communicate and enhance customer experience. Being in the IT field, CIOs are in a better position to practice information security. That's why IT's security team should get involved with all those business projects that are making products smarter. Security should be thought of at the time of designing the product to prevent any catastrophic after-effects that may occur when the product is being used by end consumers."
3. Educate business partners
"Digital disruption is opening up a new area of competence that CIOs and their teams need to keep developing and take charge of. If CIOs are partnering with the business, they are also making the business aware about this disruption. This will help businesses stay relevant in this fast-changing, technology-driven world. With the multitude of conferences, we IT members and leaders are more exposed to digital disruption than those in the business vertical. We know well in advance what is headed our way and it makes us more responsible for creating awareness inside the company. We need to create a sense of urgency so that the organisation is ready to face the digital disruption wave. So engage your top management team and business colleagues, and make them aware of the different possibilities of adopting IoT and digital tech in business operations."
4. Get an innovation project budget
"If they haven't already, CIOs should ask for an innovation budget to create a small team that works on innovative projects that use the latest tech. The budget for innovation projects should be kept separate from traditional IT budgets, to prove to business that this can also add value. This approach can help rather than the traditional ROI-based approach. However, since these are new things that are evolving, it is possible that you may fail in the initial attempts, but I believe it is better to fail faster and learn something out of it than not try something new at all."
5. Reduce risk by keeping projects small
"To avoid risk, keep the project sizes small. That's one effective way of managing risk because there are chances that it may collapse, since it's a project using new technology with new initiatives. The organisation's culture also needs to permit failure otherwise it becomes difficult for the CIO and his team to prove any ROI for such projects. Furthermore, if there are any penalties associated with business, there may be a tendency to not start a new project at all. That company will remain an observer of digital disruption. So, instead of being a simple observer, we should start by taking up small and manageable projects to steer clear of risks."
Categories: Lifestyle, Work Buzz


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Applications Now Being Accepted for Fall 2018
Applications for the Archbishop Harry J. Flynn Catechetical Institute are now being taken for classes beginning fall 2018. The two-year class will be held on Monday evenings at The Saint Paul Seminary on the University of St. Thomas campus. Space is limited. The deadline for applying is July 31, 2018. All components of the application are due at this time and MUST be mailed in together.
- Completed and Signed Application
- Personal Statement
- Two Letters of Recommendaiton (One from your pastor)
- $20 Non-refundable application fee
Completed Registration packets must be sent to:
Archbishop Harry J. Flynn Catechetical Institute
Registration Department
The Saint Paul Seminary
2260 Summit Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55105
Download the application for registration: CI Application 2018-2020
The cost is $300 per module. There are four modules over the two-year period. The $300 tuition is paid prior to the beginning of each module.
Questions about the application process can be directed to firstname.lastname@example.com
Module 1 Schedule
Sept. 10: Class begins with opening Mass
Sept. 17 - Dec. 3: Class from 7pm - 9pm
Two Saturday Formative Sessions: Oct. 13 and Nov. 10
Module 2 Schedule
Feb. 4: Class resumes
Feb. 4 - May 6: Class from 7pm - 9pm
Spring Break: No class March 25
Easter Break: No class April 22
Two Saturday Formative Sessions: March 9 and April 6


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Maybelline Shine Sensational Lip Gloss - Peach Sorbet #05 Reviews
- Other Lips:
- Average: 4.1
- High: 5.0
- Brand:
- Maybelline
Read 3 Reviews
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Comments about Maybelline Shine Sensational Lip Gloss - Peach Sorbet #05:
I was gifted with a new lip gloss to try. (Thank you friend!) It was a **Maybelline Shine Sensational Lip Gloss in peach sorbet.**
**At a glance: **
This lip-gloss comes in a wand-less tube that is simply applied through a small hole with a bit of pressure. In the tube the peach sorbet looked rather boldly peach and a sparkly. I was thinking maybe too sparkly for me for that wasn't the case.
This lip-gloss went on easily and I notice right away that it is not only scented (and I liked it) but it was also flavored which isn't on my list of criteria for lip-gloss but again, I liked it.
**The results:**
The color isn't as bold once applied. The "sparkle" is really more of a nice shimmer. While the color is subtle, the glossy is not. This lip-gloss is super shiny and feels great on the lips. It's not light. It may feel heavy or sticky to some but I like knowing it's in place and it makes me feel oh, so pretty. This works well over a lip color and stands alone just fine.
**My only complaint:**
I have used this lip-gloss diligently and at first I liked not having a wand and simply applying straight to the lips. As I get to the bottom though, I feel like I am not going to be able to get all of this product out of the tube and that some will be wasted.
***My Viewpoint: ***Other than not being able to get to the last drop, I love the look and feel of this Maybelline Shine lip gloss. It gets an A plus for shine.
- Affiliation:
- I received a sample
Comments about Maybelline Shine Sensational Lip Gloss - Peach Sorbet #05:
While I was grocery shopping I wondered into my favorite isle...the beauty supply isle that is, in search of nothing inpreticular..just to browse and see what was new...I ended up picking up and buying the Maybelline Shine Sensational lip gloss in Peach sorbet on a whim, I didnt think about it, didnt even really look at the other colors and flavors and for once didnt read any reviews on the gloss first!!! Whew was I relieved when I got home and tried it on to find that the color was just the perfect shade of light almost nude peach and the flavor was also very pleasant...I love almost anything peach flavored...I personally can only find a few faults with the Peach Sorbet gloss...it is very sticky almost like a thined out petrolium jelly, and unfortunatly it wears off rather quickly like the majority of other glosses..I was hoping for a longer lasting gloss out of this purchase with a much lighter consistancy...but overall I was very pleased with the product!
Comments about Maybelline Shine Sensational Lip Gloss - Peach Sorbet #05:
Maybelline Shinesensational Lip Gloss in Peach Sorbet is one of the best lip gloss products I have ever purchased and combines my favorite scent (peach) with my favorite color (coral)! It's a natural looking hue that will leave your lips looking shiny,smooth, and definitely kissable. Although it has a wonderful peach scent, it doesn't taste as good as it smells so don't go around licking your lips and don't put it on right before you are about to eat. The reason this product, Maybelline Shinesensational Lip Gloss in Peach Sorbet, only deserved four out of five possible stars because it wears off kind of easily, but this is a common problem with almost every lip gloss on the market today. So if you are looking for long-lasting color, maybe try a lip stick or lip stain, but when this lip gloss is reapplied it looks just as great as when you first put it on. Shinesensational Lilp Gloss is a must for anyone looking for a lip gloss that creates a natural glossy look and has a bonus great scent!


text: We with Olej on a bed. Evening, intimate conditions On the TV goes the sexual program. It lies naked, having moved apart feet. I caress its tasty sweet cat. And then we start to have sex. I take off from myself pants My member already strained. I gently enter the member into its vagina


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On May 3, 2016 the CART Fund awarded a total of $600,000 in research grants to five researchers. The CART Fund is dedicated to raising funds to provide "seed" money for cutting edge, high impact research in hopes of finding a cure/prevention for Alzheimer's disease. Each year research centers from all over the USA submit applications for CART grants and the number and amount of the grants are based on the income received each year from any source. Every dollar donated to the CART Fund is used for research grants. The goal of the CART Fund is to provide financial support for the early and conceptual plans of projects that may not yet be supported by extensive preliminary data but have the potential to substantially advance biomedical research. These projects should be distinct from those designed to increase knowledge in a well-established area unless they intend to extend previous discoveries toward new directions or applications. Pictured are the District 7770 representatives at the CART Fund Board meeting with the five recipients of CART funding for 2016.
DG Rod Funderburk May 2016 Message
Rotarians of District 7770,
This year in Rotary, we are designating May as Youth Services Month. Some of you might ask, "What is Youth Service"? We know that it is essential for us to bring in a new generation of younger Rotary members, and Youth Service Month is a reminder that we need to make Rotary available to all service-mined people including the younger generation. Some people often talk about Rotary as an extended family. Families have branches and generations and many different parts.
Rotary International recognizes "the positive change implemented by youth and young adults through leadership development activities, involvement in community and international service projects, and exchange programs that enrich and foster world peace and cultural understanding. Rotary clubs should be committed to involving youth and young adults in their vocational, community, and international service projects, and to providing programs and resources that support them." That is a lot of words to say that Rotary International recognizes the importance of young people and encourages clubs to recognize their importance.
In this district we have EarlyAct clubs, Interact clubs, and Rotaract clubs. If your club does not currently sponsor one or more of these, please consider starting one in the next year. The district supports Youth Exchange, RYLA, Global Grant scholarship programs and Peace scholarship programs. If your club does not seek candidates for each of these opportunities, please consider doing so. We need to do a better job of encouraging young people to get involved with a Rotary club. Younger people are very interested in hands-on projects that make a difference. Does your club provide opportunities for hands-on participation? There are many Rotary clubs who do the same projects to benefit the same organizations that they have done for decades. Energetic enthusiastic new members could add variety to club projects. Does your club provide compelling opportunities to offer prospective and current members? Please take a look at your club and incorporate the necessary changes to make the club more attractive. At every stage of our lives and our careers, Rotary has something for each of us. It can provide a way to let us do more, give more, and be more. Rotary is big enough for all of us.
District 7770 is sponsoring a Rotary YP Summit Saturday, May 21 at the Coastal Carolina Campus in Conway. Invite people to come and interact with others excited about Rotary and the possibilities it provides. Registration is online at the Rotary District 7770 database calendar.
Rod Funderburk
YP Summit May 21st
Have you registered to attend the Rotary YP Summit May 21? This is going to be a great event that you do not want to miss. Come to the Coastal Carolina Campus in Conway on Saturday, May 21 and interact with people excited about Rotary and the possibilities it provides. Registration is online at the Rotary District 7770 database calendar. View an invitation video below and commit to being a part of this opportunity.
Young Professional Summit May 21
Did you know that there will be a district 7770 Young Professional Summit on May 21? We are inviting Young Rotarians, Young at Heart Rotarians, Rotaractors and Interactors to come together to talk about and discover what Rotary does well, dream about a future Rotary, design strategies to achieve that vision, and deliver on that change in their own clubs and communities. The event will be at the Scholars Academy at Coastal Carolina University, 104 Chanticleer Drive, Conway, SC on Saturday, May 21, 2016 from 12:00 to 5:00 pm. You can register on the district 7770 calendar. Registration fee is just $15 per person. Attached is a video from the Rotary International YP Summit last year to give you an idea of what is in store for you in Conway on May 21. Space is limited, so sign up soon and bring your friends.
Safety Town presented by the Rotary Club of Hilton Head
The Rotary Club of Hilton Head is presenting its annual Safety Town program for children ages 4-6 on Saturday, May 21, 2016 where children have fun and learn about safety! Registration is now open at www.hiltonheadrotary.org; we will appreciate your help in getting this information to local families. The morning session is 9:30 am-12 noon and the afternoon session is 1:00-3:30 pm at the Hilton Head Island High School.
This free program helps children ages 4-6 learn about safety while providing fun learning experiences. The Beaufort County Sheriff's Deputies, the Hilton Head Island Fire and Rescue and the Hilton Head Island Regional Health Center will be providing hands on safety experiences for your child. The program is designed with the goal of preventing injuries and teaching children how to be safe. The children will love driving the pedal cars around our outdoor "town" complete with miniature buildings. The hazard house is a great way to teach home safety. The hospital will be teaching first aid skills to the children.
Contact email@example.com or visit our website at www.hiltonheadrotary.org for more information.
Brian Julius Wins Rotary International Service Above Self Award
The Rotary Club of Hilton Head Island is pleased to announce that member Brian Julius has been awarded Rotary International's distinguished Service Above Self Award. This award is given annually to only 100 persons from Rotary International's membership of 1.2 million worldwide. Julius was recognized for his innovative "Speaking Books" program to carry the messages of polio eradication and healthy living to illiterate populations of the world. To date, Julius has produced more than 60 educational books in 30+ languages on such topics as maternal child health, immunizations, hand washing, HIV, suicide prevention and teaching literacy. By simply pressing a button to the corresponding illustrated page, users are able to listen to the messages recorded in their own languages. Rotary International's PolioPlus Program to eradicate polio became a new focus for "Speaking Books" in 2014. Working with Rotary, the World Health Organization and UNICEF, Julius began targeting Pakistan and Nigeria, the only two countries where polio still existed. Community workers and health professionals use the books to educate families on the steps to prevent polio and to dispel the fear of necessary immunizations. These books have become an important tool in Rotary International's efforts toward eradicating polio worldwide. The Service Above Self Award was made to Brian Julius at the annual Rotary District 7770 Conference in Columbia last week. Brian Julius, Rotary International's 2016 Service Above Self Award recipient, with Nancy Moody, District 7770 Conference Chair and Past District Governor.
DG Rod Funderburk April 2016 Message
Rotarians of District 7770,
For those of you who attended the recent district conference, thank you for helping us to celebrate the accomplishments of Rotarians and Rotary clubs who have demonstrated Gifts to the World. We had more people attend than in recent years, but 16 of our 80 clubs did not have a representative in attendance. That is compared to 14 clubs not in attendance last year. We had the Youth Exchange join us for dinner Saturday night so that our Rotarians could interact with the students and recognize the depth and worth of the program. More than one Youth Exchange student expressed delight that those at their tables Saturday night listened to them and made them feel important.
We invited every Rotaract club to join us for Friday lunch and the Friday afternoon session so that our Rotarians could interact with them and help them to visualize the possibility of transitioning from Rotaract to a Rotary club. A Rotaract member from one of the prisons told me that he especially appreciated being allowed to attend the Friday session because "the people made me feel welcome and treated me like a real person." Another Rotaract member commented that the conference helped her see Rotary as bigger than she imagined. A relatively new Rotarian told me that she was made to feel welcome by those from clubs in other parts of the district. Did you use the conference to make new friends and get ideas that can help your club in the future?
The conference speakers were great, the Rotary Jeopardy game was fun and awards were given to well-deserving people. I felt that the House of Friendship was the best it has been in years, because it truly depicted the impact that clubs are having on their communities. The entire conference was devoted to this year's theme Be a Gift to the World. Any accolades associated with this year's District conference go to the conference team who did a terrific job of organizing and carrying out the task of making the event memorable and fun. A Rotary District conference is an opportunity for Rotarians to get a different perspective of Rotary than can be obtained at a local club meeting. Make plans right now to attend next year's event in Hilton Head, March 24-26, 2017.
Rod Funderburk
Rotary International Convention – Seoul, Korea
Dear fellow Rotarians,
Welcome to Seoul, the site of the 107th Rotary International Convention. Celebrate with us the joy of bringing the work of Rotary into our communities to Be a Gift to the World. The convention is a great way to experience what it truly means to be a part of Rotary. You will not only be inspired by fascinating speakers and productive breakout sessions, but also have an excellent opportunity to meet fellow Rotarians from around the world. You will experience firsthand the vibrant city of Seoul, as well as exchange ideas, build your skill set, and have fun.
The House of Friendship also provides a space where you can connect with different cultures and clubs. As a city with a long, rich history and the latest amenities, Seoul is the ideal location for a Rotary convention and a delightful travel destination to explore. It is both the capital and largest metropolis in Korea as well as home to an expansive number of parks, museums, shopping centers, and restaurants that showcase Korea's rich culinary tradition.
Stop by any street vendor throughout the city to try traditional snacks like tteokbokki, gimbap, or Korean barbeque. Visit the now-famous Gangnam district, made popular by K-pop recording artist Psy. Explore COEX Mall, one of the largest underground shopping malls in Asia, filled with everything from trinkets to high-tech devices. Visit Dongdaemun Market, open 24 hours a day, for a wide variety of goods, including silks and fabrics. While the convention will offer its own social activities and events, be sure to visit Lotte World Adventure, an entertainment complex that is home to the world's second-largest indoor theme park and an outdoor amusement park. Both feature family friendly stage shows and attractions. Shopping malls, movie theaters, and the Korean Folk Museum can be found a short monorail ride away, making it a wonderful family vacation experience. Before becoming president of Rotary International, I had the pleasure to attend 25 Rotary conventions. Each convention has its own flavor and has always been an enriching experience. I took advantage of the ability to meet and get to know my fellow Rotarians. I recall having conversations with club members from all over the world, on the buses and trains, in the House of Friendship, and in the main meeting halls. These are folks who I otherwise never would have had the chance to meet. In fact, while in Seoul, I will look forward to meeting you as well. Vanathy and I invite you to join us and your fellow Rotarians as we see the sights, discover what it's like to be a citizen of the world, and learn how we can continue to Be a Gift to the World.
K.R. Ravindran
Rotary International President, 2015-16
Play Jeopardy at the District Conference
District 7770 Rotarians:
One of the speakers at the district conference will be Ben Ingram, Jeopardy Tournament of Champions Winner from Florence, SC.
Click below to hear what Ben has to say.
We will play three Rotary Jeopardy games with three contestants each. The winner of each game will go on to play in the Rotary Jeopardy Tournament of Champions on Saturday Night. We have great prizes but you have to participate to win. And, it is all about Rotary so you are sure to know the "questions."
To sign up to play Rotary Jeopardy, contact Mary Gasque at email@example.com.
Looking forward to hearing from all of you Rotary savvy Rotarians.
Chapin Rotary President Honored With Distrtict Award
Troy Crump, president of the Chapin Sunrise Rotary Club, was honored at their annual Charter Night dinner with an award called the "Four-Way Test Award", presented by Rotary District Governor Rod Funderburk. The award recognized Troy's personal commitment to Rotary's motto of "service above self", and to his integrity in both his professional and personal relationships. Joining Troy in acceptance of the award was his wife Kelly. The Four-Way Test establishes the criteria for the things Rotarians think, say and do : first, is it the truth ; second, is it fair to all concerned ; third, will it build good will and better friendships ; and fourth, will it be beneficial to all concerned. The Club meets for breakfast and informational speakers at Crooked Creek Park every Thursday, 7:30-8:30 am. For more information, contact Marsha Clayman at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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For the third consecutive year, the Bethany women's soccer team earned a trip to the Upper Midwest Athletic Conference (UMAC) Postseason Tournament. On Monday night, the Vikings traveled to the University of Northwestern to take on the Eagles in the opening round of the Tournament. The Vikings came away with a hard-fought victory in overtime over the Eagles, winning 2-1.
Freshman Bitter (Bemidji, Minn.) found the back of the net minutes into the first overtime period to help advance the Vikings to the semifinals of the Postseason Tournament.
The Eagles (No. 5 seed) entered the tournament with an overall record of 9-7 and conference play record of 5-3. The Vikings (No. 4 seed) began tournament play with a 9-9-2 overall record and 4-3-1 record in conference.
During the regular season, the Northwestern Eagles defeated the Bethany Vikings twice. UNW earned the 4-1 on the first day of the 2016 season, followed by a conference win over Bethany later in the season, 2-1. Playing under the lights on Monday night, the Vikings had all the confidence in their teammates knowing they can compete the entire field of teams in the Postseason Tournament, so falling to Northwestern in the regular season was only extra motivation for Head Coach Derick Lyngholm and his team.
The Eagles got on the scoreboard first in the quarterfinal contest, scoring in the 41st minute of play. To open the second period of action, Bethany capitalized on an own goal to bring the score to even, 1-1. For the reminder of the second period, it was both teams playing with high energy and aggressiveness hoping to send their team to the next round of the tournament.
Entering the overtime period, Bethany totaled 11 shots to the Eagles 21. Of those shots, BLC had 10 shots on goal compared to UNW's 13.
Minutes into the extra session, Bitter netted her 18th goal of the season to send the Vikings to the semifinal round of the UMAC Postseason Tournament.
Following the thriller over Northwestern, Bethany will now travel to play the Lumberjills from Northland on Wednesday, November 2nd at 1 p.m. The Lumberjills are the No. 1 seed in the tournament. Northland beat the Vikings 1-0 in OT on October 22nd to secure the UMAC regular season title.


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Are you planning to start your business? / Are you an existing entrepreneur for less than 3 years?
Would you like to work with experienced European entrepreneur abroad?
Would you like to develop your entrepreneurship skills or business idea?
Are you willing to build or already building your new business around your creative skills?
Apply now for the Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs support!
Non-profit organisation Košice 2013 along with 6 partners within project EXCITE (Entrepreneurs eXchange for Innovations in Europe) has become a part of Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs Programme focusing on the entrepreneurship in Creative and Culture Industries and we invite all the initiative and young entrepreneurs to participate.
Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs
- is a cross-border exchange programme of length between 1 -6 months aimed for proactive and new entrepreneurs who will be matched with experienced entrepreneurs looking for a fresh air in their businesses on the other.
This collaboration based on the partnership and mutual learning gives you:
- the experience to establish and grow your own business,
- new international contacts and wider networks,
- access to and experience on the new market,
- potential further cooperation opportunities,
- chance to gain new knowledge and skills needed for running their own businesses,
- opportunity to innovate and further develop your products and services.
What we provide?
We will process your application and make sure that it contains everything required. Right after that we will start looking for a perfect match for you and your business. We will find you an ideal partner who will help you to develop and improve your business activities.
Who should apply?
- people who want to start their own business or
- already existing entrepreneurs for less than 3 years (there is no age limit)
New entrepreneurs are expected to have a clear idea of their (potential) business, plans and action steps. Thus,you should fulfill certain requirements! Check them out here.
What can you do?
Basically, you can learn from experienced. You will have a chance:
- to shadow the host entrepreneur, so you will get an insight into his business and learn from an entrepreneurial environment you will be in,
- to look for new business opportunities,
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- to take a deeper look into different ways of financing small businesses,
- and to get inspired in branding, sales, marketing or other fields.
And you have what to offer, too. Taking a fresh look at existing and running business operations and processes, you, as an external, unbiased but still somewhat involved person, can give some useful suggestions what to improve or change.
How to apply and where to get more info?
For more information about how to apply:
- see enclosed EYE leaflet
- visit the official page http://www.erasmus-entrepreneurs.eu/page.php?pid=08
- contact Mr Marián Matusák on firstname.lastname@example.com if you have any questions


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Last week, the ACNC launched a "Registered Charity Tick". The tick may be used by charities registered on the ACNC Charity Register which are up to date with ACNC financial reporting requirements and meet the regulator's governance standards. The tick will allow donors to easily identify registered charitable organisations complying with these requirements. Ms Susan… Continue Reading
Monthly Archives: December 2016
Ensure Your Charity Complies with the ACNC Governance StandardsPosted in Compliance, Governance
Most Charities will be aware that it is a condition of registration as a Charity (other than as a basic religious charity) that the Charity complies with the ACNC Governance Standards which have applied since 1 July 2013. However, it is not enough that the Charity complies with the ACNC Governance Standards at the time… Continue Reading


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All who attended the Crime Database Workshop can now tell the difference! Seen here is Commander Herzog fielding questions, the database was presented by Ana Reyes who manages crime data at the East Division LBPD. Both were terrific and informative. We had attendees from other areas, including Whittier! Our Rose Park go-to team for safety reports based on the new database Kenny Shiozaki-Kawamoto and Danielle Dague Potter were on hand to glean best practices and other ideas.
Go to the new crime db and the video instructions, then check out RPNA's example. Ton of appreciation to Brooke Baker, 7th Street Church who provided the space, coffee and welcoming hospitality.
Answer: Crime Incident is derived from the report submitted from the officer. Crime Statistic is derived from a review and categorization process defined by the FBI. Here is the location of Crime Statistics at the LBPD site.


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The American whaler, Abgarris, first reported the atolls in 1830 and located them, not quite accurately, 120 nautical miles off the east coast of New Ireland, and 200 miles south of the equator
Tekani, the Home Island,
There are two separate atolls with a deep-water passage between them. Both wear a thin necklace of low islets perched only a few feet above sea level on the outer rim of the lagoon. The highest point on every island is only a few feet above the high tide mark and, in common with other low-lying atolls in the Western Pacific, Nuguria, the larger of the two, is experiencing a disturbing rise in sea level: whether this caused by global warming or by subsidence of tectonic plates on the seabed is currently being disputed by a myriad of experts, most of whom have yet to actually set foot on these, or any other atolls.


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About me
Hi! I'm Sunnie. I love going for walks, hikes, and generally having adventures. I also like playing with toys and am learning that fetch is more fun when you bring the ball back! I am available now, so come down, see me, and ask my Adoption Counselor friends to meet me. I am sponsored by Rusha Ouyang!
Questions about adopting
Contact Adoptions