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Melting Glaciers, Changing Ecosystems – The Consequences of Global Warming
Define Global Warming
Define global warming.
This isn't a statement, or a question – this is, rather, an order. Define global warming.
Can you?
I'm sure you know the facts, the statistics of this now fully engrained term; I'm sure you know some of the causes of global warming, the warning signs, and perhaps even a few consequences. But can really – can you truly – define global warming.
You can't.
The next question: why not?
The answer is because global warming, albeit it can now be found in a dictionary, and quick search on Google will give you a quick answer, is because global warming is an action caused by nature. And nature, although we've been trying for hundreds of years, is something we can't define. Sure we can name organisms, mammals, animals; we can study plants, trophic levels, and ecosystems; understand food chains and atmospheric systems; but nature is dynamic always changing, a balancing act that either is balanced or not.
The only way to define such a thing that seems to be always moving, wavering in and out of place, is to surround it – you have to corner it and make sure it has no out. The way to do that with knowledge? Figure out its surroundings by asking questions.
What's the meaning of global warming?
How do we stop global warming?
Can we stop global warming?
Is global warming real?
What are the effects of global warming?
The list of questions goes on and on and that can be a good thing or bad thing – whatever way you want to look at it.
Global Warming Statistics
- Two of the hottest years on record have occurred recently, one in 1998 and one in 2005
- There has been a dramatic increase in the intensities of storms, most notably hurricanes and tornadoes. This is a direct cause of climate change; the balance of nature is becoming unstable and thus the unstable weather.
- In the last 100 years the average temperature on earth has risen approximately 0.7 degrees Celsius.
- The largest contributor to greenhouse gases, one of the main reasons of global warming, is the United States (25%)
- Temperatures will continue to rise even if emissions stop right now – damage has already been done.
- Ocean currents are moving farther south, effecting colder regions the most.
- The most dramatic cause of global warming may be the increase in ocean levels; this could threaten many coastal cities.
Reasons for Global Warming
Let's first look at global warming in its simplest form:
Global warming is the slow increase of temperature worldwide (A study in 2007 saw that in the 20th century temperatures rose approximately 0.74 degrees Celsius on average). The causes for global warming are mainly due to human activity. We have a constant need for fuel and energy and we attain that fuel from mostly resources that are not renewable, such as coal and other fossil fuels. These fossil fuels, when converted into energy, create an abundance of carbon dioxide which is released into the atmosphere; as more of this carbon dioxide becomes present it acts like a glass in a greenhouse. Heat can get into the planet (like the rays of the sun entering a greenhouse) but are unable to escape and thus the area heats up.
Global warming, although much more scientifically advanced then stated above, is like the greenhouse effect. One could say that the meaning of global warming is the heating of the globe via the burning of our resources.
The reasons for global warming go beyond just the creation of carbon dioxide; anything, such as water vapour, that becomes in excess in the atmosphere creates unnecessary shielding.
Consequences of Global Warming
Global warming, to some, is a hoax. Numbers created by overzealous scientists; a fear tactic to bring society together in amidst certain adversary.
Time to ask the obvious question: does global warming exist?
You know the global warming statistics; you know what defines global warming by looking at the fundamental causes. But do you know the consequences?
To answer that question all you have to do is look to the ice. By that I don't mean the ice you have at home in put in your drinks; no I mean the real ice, the big, powerful ice that took down the Titanic. The ice that makes glaciers and fuels are basin's of clean drinking water; the ice that spans miles, fields continents; the ice, which some may say, rules nature itself.
The effects of global warming in Antarctica, Greenland and the Arctic are the most profound and are by far the biggest effects of global warming on humans. Do you want to know what is happening to the ice? Because if you do the answer won't just answer the one question, but will answer a multitude of them.
The answer: the ice in Antarctica, Greenland and the Arctic is melting.
I'll say it again. The ice is melting.
Ice which has been frozen for millions of years, which has moved at a snail's pace towards the oceans, is suddenly melting and is suddenly moving. If the true or false of global warming is based of logic, then consider this scenario:
Ice sheets and ice shelves have remained untouched for thousands of years. They barley change in their composition from year to year and the speed at which they move is so small it barely registers. Then all of a sudden the term global warming is created and climate change is discussed everywhere. The basis of this new theory is that we are heating up the Earth and the consequences of this could one day be drastic – but, some naysayers tell you, won't happen for thousands of years. Then one day the ice, which hadn't been melting, and was moving so slowly, suddenly began to melt. People didn't notice it at first. Then suddenly an ice shelf disappeared; then another. The ice sheets were moving much faster.
Ever heard of Occam's razor? It's a scientific theory that states: "All things being equal, the simplest explanation is usually the right one."
More Global Warming Statistics
- Billions of gallons of water have already been melted in Antarctica and the arctic due to global warming.
- Temperatures are not just rising. Ocean currents are changing as well. The intricitcs of the atmosphere and the ocean are unknown – warm currents are suddenly moving farther north, melting ice.
- When an ice shelf melts it greatly effects the ice sheet that lay behind it. The ice sheet will move towards the ocean at a much faster speed.
- An ice sheet, like the one in Pine Island Glacier, can cause ocean levels to rise a few inches.
The Skeptical Environmentalist
Bjørn Lomborg is the author of the skeptical environmentalist and focuses on the severity of the global warming.
The truth is that it's not something we should panic about, although it is something we should concern ourselves with.
It's a good book that should be an even better movie. The movie will be called 'Cool It'.
Take Action Against Global Wariming
Effects of Global Warming in Antarctica
It's in my opinion that the most important thing to know right now about global warming are the consequences that are taking place right now. The consequences of the future are easy to dismiss; its easy for anyone to think, 'we'll fix the problem by then so that will never happen.' It's an easy thought to push aside, to rationalize yourself away. It's a different story, however, when the consequences are right in front of you. It makes you cringe, gives you a feeling of regret; it's a feeling like losing something and knowing you'll never get it back.
The consequences of global warming in Antarctica are the most severe and the most present – they are happening now and they will be happening tomorrow.
What's happening is this:
Antarctica is home to the most ice on the entire planet; its ice sheet covers an entire continent. For millions of years that ice has remained unmoved and frozen. It rests on the continent that is surrounded by the sea and there is always the fear that one day that ice will into the ocean. Luckily the ice is protected by what is called an ice shelf. An ice shelf is a wall of ice which lies between an ice sheet and an ocean. It slowly moves toward the ocean but at speeds which are barely measurable; it a shield of sorts, protecting the ice sheet from moving into the ocean.
Recently scientists have noticed some changes in both the ice sheets and the ice shelves. Pools of water have started to form on top of the ice,a direct result from global warming – which has caused temperatures to rise in dozens of regions in both the Arctic and Antarctica.
The speed of both the ice shelves and the ice sheets has increased significantly, some ice moving at speeds ten times the norm.
The grand ice sheets of the north and south have always been somewhat of a mystery to scientists of the world. Their castle like structures, labyrinth-like insides are nearly impossible to penetrate. There have been some advances recently: satellite imagery has allowed us to view the ice year by year and study change, and drilling technology has allowed us a glimpse at the interior. But the ice has always carried so many unknowns.
The greatest unknown – and the one that may be the biggest consequence of climate change – is what would happen to an ice sheet if the ice shelf suddenly disappeared. With the rise in temperatures, as well as the rise in ocean temperatures around the ice, there was concern that maybe an ice shelf could melt into the ocean; since they were, in fact, weak and fragile compared to ice sheets it was possible.
Then, one day, it happened. A relatively big ice shelf in Antartica broke out into the ocean and began to disappear; suddenly a great big ice sheet that had been protected for years was suddenly vulnerable.
There were two theories of what would happen next:
- .Nothing would change. The ice sheet was on rock and therefore would move at the same speed it always did towards the ocean.
- The ice shelf was like a cork, preventing the water – or ice in his case – from rushing forward.
The answer, as it seems all the answers towards global warming in Antarctica, came fast. The ice sheet instantly starting moving a lot faster.
Can We Stop Global Warming?
Time to answer the questions we asked earlier.
What's the meaning of global warming?
The meaning of global warming is the unruly rise in temperature worldwide. The ten hottest years on record have occurred in the last fifteen years; if that's not a warning sign then i don't know what is.
How do we stop global warming?
Reduce emissions of any gases that can harm the atmosphere. One of the biggest producers of this harmful gas are vehicles. The burning of the oil creates an abundance of carbon dioxide which is one of the main culprits of what is known as the greenhouse effect.
Is global warming real?
Proof is in the ice – or the lack of. Billions of gallons of ice have already melted into the ocean, something we will never be able to recover. The damage and consequences have already occurred and this, I believe, is the most important information on global warming to know of. One can dismiss the future as something that hasn't happened yet or something in which can be prevented. But the past, our history? The melting of ice in Antarctica and the Arctic are the most definite answer that global warming does exist.
What are the effects of global warming?
More On Nature
- Arctic Facts - The Most Interesting Facts About the Arctic
The Arctic is the desert of the north. It's cold and dry, long stretches of its land seemingly carrying on forever. It's amazing for there to life there, let alone countless different habitats that only...
- Why Endangered - The Reasons Why Animals Become Endangered
The question that as to be asked is simple - why endangered? What are the reasons why species become endangered. The list is long, heart-breaking even. But it's something that's fixable...
Rising temperatures worldwide, climate change resulting in more natural disasters, the melting of the ice shelves which in turn cause the increase in speed of giant ice sheets.
Now the biggest – and most important – question:
Can we stop global warming?
As of now we can't. The amount of damage we have already done to the atmosphere and the lack of change we have already implemented, as well as the multiude of ice that has already melted, are irreversible. The landscape of Earth has already changed and the major consequences are yet to be seen – if there is any. The point is that although there have already been consequences of global warming they have yet to far reaching. This means, I hope, that we still have a chance. We have to act quickly, though. The balance has already reached the end on one side already.
It's only a matter of time until nature tries to balance itself right again.
She is also from the south and a republican Judith Curry the author of that article. There is NO way you can tell me over six billion people buring MILLIONS of tons fossil fuels is not having an effect on the environment. In my area we had a 50 year flood, 100 year flood, 250 year flood and a 500 year flood in the PAST 3 YEARS! Stop listening to the people who are making BANK denying climate change. By the way more snow is because of more water in the atmosphere. HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH THE TEMP! FishFearMe. Just so you know.
It looks like there's another side to the story. But I guess that would be an inconvenient truth, to coin a phrase. Why am I surprised that Global Warming alarmists never admit to or show the argument counter to their own hysteria? Oh, yeah. the other side just may be right, which in my opinion, it is.
Congratulations Vanchen on 100 Hubs. Excellent Hub on Global warming. Looking forward to the next 100


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I gave up alcoholic beverages a good six months now. After years of indulgence, I have come to the reality that the chemicals that make up who I am, just does not mix with alcohol.
This was not a huge change for me, as I have never been a "big drinker." But it has certainly been a change. A change that has been doing me good…a lot of good to be quite honest.


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The Coast - CBC TV Violence Task Force in studio. All photos by Aaron Fraser.
The Violence Task Force is the first of a series of joint productions of The Coast and CBC TV leading up to the October 18 municipal election in Halifax. The joint productions will examine a series of local issues, including violence, transit, the mayoral race and others.
The members of the Violence Task Force met for an hour last Thursday morning in the CBC studio on Bell Road.
The Coast has posted a complete transcript and an audio recording of the meeting at thecoast.ca. The following is an abridged transcript of highlights of the meeting.
Jim Nunn, CBC broadcaster and moderator of the Task Force.
Chris Murphy, professor of sociology and anthropology, and a contributor and advisor to the Clairmont Report on Violence in Halifax.
Brenda Zima, watch commander with the HRM police department.
Jean Lalancette, taxi driver.
Victor Syperek, owner of The Economy Shoe Shop and The Marquee.
Myral Fairfax, server at The Economy Shoe Shop, and a mother.
Tara Gault, executive director of the Halifax Student Alliance
Michelle Verny, Uniacke Square resident and founder of the PEP Bro Divas, an advocacy group.
Reed "iZrEAL" Jones, spoken word artist and activist.
Jacob MacIsaac, casework coordinator with the Community Justice Society.
Ron Levett, a doorman at downtown bars.
Lori Bower, Principal, Halifax Youth Attendance Centre.
Nunn: There was a swarming on the Halifax Common. There was a person killed on the sidewalk downtown. There has been incident after incident of violent activity in Halifax… Let's start downtown, Chris. Can you give us an indication of how bad the situation is, if indeed it's that bad?
Murphy: Well, I think in some cases it was and it's improving, but we had a situation in which there were a variety of problems; the first one that got a lot of attention was a lot of public disorder, late night drunkenness, assaults-- some of them of them quite violent, some of them fairly benign. There were incidents of disorder in communities as a result of this, and people being swarmed and assaulted on their way home… There was a sense that this was a situation growing out of control and that we needed as a community, as a city, to do something about both the causes and to enhance public safety downtown.
Nunn: Halifax got a bit of a reputation as a tough town.
Murphy: It's always been a bit of a tough town, being a port city. But I think in the last three or four years these very public incidents, including knifings in the streets and murders, some of them solved, some of them unsolved, began to create a reputation for Halifax that we were increasingly uncomfortable with, as not a safe city and this vaunted quality of life that we advocate and promote everywhere else began to be questioned. As a city that depends on tourists and students and visitors and is trying to attract new immigrants, this is not a healthy situation to have.
Nunn: How did you let the situation get out of control?
Zima: When you look at crime in Halifax, it's more than a police issue and it requires more than a police response. The downtown core itself has over 200 licenced liquor establishments and as it has been described in the Clairmont report, it really has created the perfect storm for violence in the downtown area: you have cheap drinks, very large cabarets, bars open until four o'clock in the morning populated by an abundance of young people that are highly intoxicated.
Syperek: I don't think the bars are the problem. I think it's kids hanging out on the Common swarming people, drugs. I don't think there's a drinking problem at all.
Zima: Well certainly kids hanging around at the Common has nothing to do with the crime we see at the downtown bar scene. They're two separate issues altogether.
Nunn: You say there's no problem in the bars downtown?
Syperek: I didn't say there was no problem. Most of the problems downtown tend to be about either men and women fighting over each other, and I guess when people get drunk it tends to exacerbate the problem. The big brawl at Christmas was about a drug turf war; it had nothing to do with drinks---it started in a bar by people who weren't drinking, and the brawl happened because the bouncers kicked everybody out just like that and so had to leave without their coats and so you get 400 maybe slightly intoxicated people outside without their coats pissed off and they started fighting each other.
Verny: Maybe if we adopted the same drinking age that the United States has, 21, maybe at 19 they're not old enough to drink, maybe they can't handle it.
Syperek: I think we have a poor drinking history here. In some European cities where they drink at eight years old, they're more responsible. It's not a sport there; it's part of life.
Levett: I think there's a bigger picture here, which comes down to the judicial system. Youths get off of crime really easily. I tend to agree with Victor: a lot of the problem is youth crime. There's a slap on the wrist and no system of accountability, and they're right back in the community. That's one of the major issues. A lot of times if there's people that are swarmed in the Common or a disturbance at Pizza Corner---it's youth crime. It's not necessarily people who come out from these nightclubs or bars looking for trouble. These people prey on those types of individuals. The two come together, but it comes back to the decisions made by the judicial system.
MacIsaac: I want to respond to the youth crime aspect. At the Community Justice side, we do take a holistic approach to solving that issue, and we've found that there's a web of root causes that disengage youth from school, not having enough pro-social activities, community isolation. There are so many things that go into creating these young criminals, and it takes a web of support to get them out. So we measure risk and resiliency in our assessments in our trying to move them forward and reintegrate them. The Youth Criminal Justice Act-- there needs to be some adjustments to it it works really, really well for about 80 percent of the youth that are charged it works perfectly. But there's this 15, 20 percent that falls through the cracks and the justice system tends to be a catch-all for all of these youth who are disengaged from school, who fall through mental health issues, group home youth, kids with addictions… they're falling, falling, falling, until they get to the justice system, until they're swarming people on the Common… We've dropped the ball as a community.
Lalancette: They're 12 years old swarming people in the Common… why are those children out at nine o'clock at night? Why are they running the streets? Why aren't they supervised? When we were kids and we were outside without supervision, we got into trouble…
Nunn: one of the proposals in the Clairmont report is a curfew.
Zima: Curfews are unconstitutional. And I think it would be inappropriate to put a curfew on people--- you're going to penalize the masses for the indiscretions of a few. It's not the answer to the question. There are social issues that need to be addressed first, and a curfew is a band-aid solution. A curfew is limiting the hours that they can commit their criminal acts; if they can't commit them at night, they're going to commit them during the day… This starts in the family. When you look at crime, especially youth that involved with crime, some of these kids are addicted to drugs, some of them come from single-parent families, some of them come from lower socio-economic households, some of them come from isolated communities and they have no support in their family and no support in the community. And these are the issues that need to be addressed in order to address on a more holistic approach, youth crime.
Jones: The biggest issue is that the kids have nothing to do. There's no programs for them; there's no after-school programs, no extra-curricula activities for them---they're going to make their own, and that's going to be violence…
Lalancette: There are all sorts of programs.
Zima: If you can pay for them. Some of the kids who need these programs don't have the money to pay for them. This needs to start at the root causes of crime, which are community- and social-based issues.
Syperek: Bad parenting is the root cause of crime, then. This is what we're concluding.
Zima: we deal with kids all the time that come from very, very strong parenting background, and that get mixed up with the wrong kids. I don't think you can paint this with one brush and say that crime is caused by this or this---there are a lot of factors that need to be taken into consideration.
Nunn: I want to take this back downtown. People get hurt on the sidewalks outside of bars. What should we do about that? How do we change that relationship between the bar and the patron so that people are safe?
Levett: I don't know that you're ever going to change it. There's always going to be fights, there's always going to be arguments. That'll come down to individual security staffs within a licenced establishment.
Nunn: Exactly---dropping drunks on the sidewalk. Are the bouncers sufficiently well-trained?
Levett: A lot of them aren't, no, and they're looking at putting training standards in that business.
Nunn: Are you fearful?
Fairfax: I'm not as familiar with the evenings, because I work days. But even in the daytime you can have the very odd incident where you can have a customer come in who can be fairly intoxicated, but you're not sure, and sometimes it takes that one drink to send them over the edge. That can be disconcerting, at times.
Nunn: But you don't refuse people alcohol?
Fairfax: Yes I do. I've refused sometimes, and I've had to go back to get the kitchen boys to back me up, just in case.
Gault: I disagree that there's nothing we can do to make the downtown safer. One thing that is really important is transportation. We need to be able to get to and from the downtown safely… hopefully, coming out of , we're going to see a late-night bus.
Nunn: one of the proposals is a well-lit, well-guarded bus stop with cameras.
Murphy: Yes. Or a taxi stand. But I want to bring it back to something very concrete, and that's that we've found there's a very clear relationship between cheap drinks, late nights and over-serving of young people, some of whom were under-aged, some of whom were just of age. There are ways to manage and limit the over-consumption of alcohol and reduce a lot of the problems that result. We have to keep in mind that what we're talking about downtown is a very separate and distinct problem from swarmings in the Common or drug-related crimes on the streets---those are different people, different dynamics.
Nunn: Isn't part of the problem that students get drunk before they go out drinking?
Lalancette: Keggers! All the time. I drop of people off there…
Murphy: Get rid of 99 cent drinks. That popularity of getting drunk before you go downtown became less of an option when it became cheaper to go downtown.
Syperek: I'm not an advocate of cheap drinks and don't serve them, because there's no point in them. You make your money on the cover and you end up with a lot of drunks who are a nuisance. I find the jovial drinking crowd actually a joy to be with, and I personally don't have a lot of problems downtown. We have had incidents, especially when we were a cabaret, late night, and I got rid of the licence because it was a hassle---then you tend to get everybody else's drunks. If everyone was open until 3:30, your crowd wouldn't leave your place, and you'd know who they are, you'd know how much they've drunk. The trouble is when your bar closes at two and you go to another bar, the next bartender doesn't know whether they've just walked in, they've just come from home…
Nunn: Now maybe I'm old-fashioned, but I'm not afraid to walk downtown. Now, I'm big, and I'm a male, maybe that's the difference.
Syperek: I'd be afraid to walk through the park. I'd be afraid to walk through some parts of Gottigen.
Nunn: Are you afraid to be downtown?
Gault: Under certain circumstances, yes. And it's students that are being targeted. It's that age group between 21 and 25, who are most vulnerable, who are being victims of these crimes.
Nunn: It's young women you're talking about?
Gault: Absolutely.
Zima: And young men as well. Between the ages of 18 and 24, they account for many more criminal charges then the youth ever have and ever will.
Fairfax: Never get it in your head to walk home at 1:30, two in the morning. I've never understood, where young women are concerned, where they get it in their head, walk home to the south end in a pretty little miniskirt at two in the morning… It's hard to get a cab, so they walk.
Syperek: In the rain storm two weeks ago, there was an average one hour wait for a cab.
Lalancette: In some cities I've been in---I was 25 years in the Navy---after 11 o'clock, the taxi stands become the only place where you can pick up customers. You're not allowed to pick up flag people, which protects the driver because there's a whole lineup of people who see who's getting in the taxi, and it protects the customer because they're all together in the same place. These are supervised taxi stands---you can find them in Australia and in England. The taxis always come back to the same place to get the next customer.
Murphy: It should be straight-forward. The city can do it tomorrow, if it wants to, and if they're serious about responding to this report, they should do that. I wanted to add one thing about bars--- there's a difference between bars and the kinds of levels of violence that takes place. Where the riot took place, it had a licence for over 1,000 people. That's not a good formula---it's way too big, and too impersonal, and there's all kinds of things about the ways service is done and how it's set up. Smaller neighbourhood bars with a clientele where they're known cause far fewer problems.
Nunn: But you're talking neighbourhood pubs---we can't engineer that, can we?
Murphy: Even downtown, I think Brenda will tell you the charges and the calls coming from different bars are significantly different depending on which bar we're talking about it.
Zima: Absolutely. The smaller bars that are more personal in nature and where the bar staff gets a chance to monitor their clientele throughout the night, as Victor says, you have people come into your bar that you know, they come in on a regular basis, so you don't have the impersonal and large groups where they are unsupervised.
Levett: I agree that in a bar where there's a thousand or two thousand people there's greater chances of something occurring, but it's the atmosphere, in most of those places, you know?
Syperek: What, you don't like wet t-shirt contests?
Levett: Yea, it's that sort of atmosphere that draws in a certain clientele.
Nunn: Is downtown Halifax a safe place?
Syperek: Downtown is. It's getting to and from it that isn't.
Murphy: I think it's what time of the night you're talking about. And I do know that, talking to somebody in the hospitality industry, they don't advise their guests to wander around downtown, and that's fairly new.
Lalancette: There's no port anywhere in the Atlantic that is safe anywhere between the two in the morning and five. You're always recommended to walk in pairs, go in a group, especially in those hours, but alcohol has a tendency to loosen all the inhibitions and you end up walking on your own and you are a prime target---you're inebriated, people who are not can take advantage of you very quickly.
Fairfax: And to make it somewhat safer, I think you have to totally abolish, if you have to, the 99 cent drink. They have to go.
Jones: You should be talking about responsible drinking. I like to go downtown and have cheap drinks, but I'm not going to get wasted. I'm going to spend my five dollars, have five drinks and, hey, I had a nice cheap night out. There's no reason for me to go overboard, get drunk… Even when I was 18 and went out with my friends, we got drunk, but we never got stupid drunk. We were never the type of people that wanted to get in rowdy fights. There's a certain mentality of people that want to go downtown and get that drunk and be in a fight. Like you said, it's the environment of the establishment, and how wild it is. Some of those big cabarets that we're talking about are just wild places. I run an event and have youth in it who are 18 to 25, and some people are drinking, you have people from all different areas, and we have no security, I have no problems. We're doing rap battles, and people are arguing back and forth, and there are no fights. The environment that we have there is you have to respect that environment if you're going to come there, and that's how people treat it. It's the mindset of the clientele you're trying to attract.
Nunn: Let me try to broaden the discussion. Apparently, crime is down in Canada. Crime is down in Halifax?
Murphy: Violent crime is actually only moderately down, and it was pretty high before. Property crime has the biggest decline.
Nunn: The government of Canada wants to crack down on crime, get tough with the bad guys. You have the media which seems to be fixated with crime. Are you as citizens getting the real story?
Verny: As a citizen, and I'm going to get on the media… if I witness a murder, OK, and the next day I read in the paper, "drug dealer killed by other drug dealers," well, guess what? I'm not coming forward, because that means retaliation. If you want people to come forward---what this person did to end up getting killed, or why they got killed---no matter what they did, no one deserves to take a life---leave it alone, people might come forward. The media---don't be saying "this person was a drug dealer, he had this many charges, he did that." He probably has a few friends with the same kind of things. If I go to court to testify against him, do I have to worry about his friends coming to kill me?
Zima: This is an issue that we have in the community, in relation to solving crimes, is that we don't get the level of cooperation that we need. Most unsolved homicides are a phone call away from being solved, or a witness away from being solved.
Verny: The way the media---not just the media, other people---portray the person the person that's been murdered, or the people the assume have done it, they're saying, 'oh, he's a drug dealer…'
Nunn: How does it keep you safer, if the reporter doesn't say that the guy was a crack dealer?
Verny: It doesn't keep me any safer, but if I'm going to go testify against you, I really don't want to know what kind of people I'm going to be testifying against, to be honest.
Zima: I understand your fear. But we certainly do need the public support.
Nunn: Isn't it your impression that the police don't pay as enough attention on black-on-black crime as they do…
Verny: I agree 100 percent with that. I find that the police stereotype. You're guilty be association. I've had a situation, where I'm walking down the street with, yea, a shady character, but still my friend, I don't care what he does with his life, it doesn't affect me. And the officer stopped and asked me, "Why are you hanging out with him? Do you know what he's all about?" That's none of his business. To come up and stereotype me because he knows this young fellow I'm with… I said to the officer, "You assume I'm doing the same as he?" He was, "No, but why are you hanging with him?" It's none of your business.
Nunn: The Clairmont report says that victims of crimes in this city tend to be black.
Zima: They're over-represented.
Nunn: And those arrested over-represented.
Zima: That's correct.
Nunn: Does Halifax have a crime problem or a race problem?
Jones: Both. It definitely has a race problem. This is one of the only places in North America that I can think of where segregation still exists. There are tons of black communities here that are predominantly black, like 99 percent black. It's not forced segregation, it's based on tradition here. Race definitely plays into it here. This is a pretty racist province, and that's not going away. So when police officers are tending to crimes in black neighbourhoods, they have their own stereotypes that they're taking with them, and that's going to affect how they pursue the crime.
Murphy: Police don't create these crimes. I mean, there are some real issues here, and they have to do with poverty and perhaps racism, marginalization, dysfunctional families, dysfunctional communities. So, to make the argument that police are to some extent the cause of this problem I think is wrong. I think there are some real issues that the police can play a role in addressing, but there are some real fundamental problems about income, employment, community, the integrity of communities, culture---these are more diffuse and harder to get at. While I think racism is an issue, we just can't paint this complicated picture with that one rather simplistic assessment.
Nunn: Why don't we focus on solutions? What do you see as the most effective way to bring crime in the black community down? Surely that's in the hands of black people.
Jones: Yes, definitely. I think the situation in the black community is a lot of people are fighting for survival, and that's playing out into crime. There's not a lot of opportunity for a lot of people, and so what they are forced to turn to is crime. And if that's all you see growing up, that's the direction you lead yourself to.
Nunn: Have you thought about answers?
Jones: It's education. It's a little bit of parenting. I think there are a lot of things that go into helping fix the problems in the black community. But we're reflective of the wider community, so we have a diverse range of problems just like everybody else, so it's hard to pinpoint one think you can do to change things.
Fairfax: I think it has to start with some sort of an education, especially for the young black parents. A lot of them are young, back single mothers, and they're not educated. It would be really nice to see them get some sort of an education, so that they're able to provide for their children, and their children are able to have a nice, positive role model to look up to. That's not prevalent in the black community.
MacIsaac: We deliver a program called "Life Lessons for Black Youth" at Waterville, in the youth detention facility, as well as working different programs in certain black communities in the city. One thing that we've identified is a real disconnect of cultural identity. In response to that, young black males and females learning about their culture from BET or learning about their culture from entertainment---CDs they listen to, magazines---sometimes, not all the time, the absolute worst influences and worst icons of black community. There are so many positive role models in our communities that young people never get to see because they are so enamoured with gang violence, they're so enamoured with making easy money, this is what I have to do to survive---and there are certain survival issues, for sure, in some communities. But by and large, there is a lack of role models, mentoring, positive engagement with people they can identify with and connect with. More youth drop-in centres, more places like the rap battles where people are culturally expressing themselves---I think those are great and we need more of those.
Nunn: You live in the Square, don't you? As long as I've lived in Halifax, that's been identified as the centre of trouble.
Verny: I feel safer walking through Uniacke Square than I did Fairview when I lived there, and I grew up in Fairview. I have two girls---I couldn't ask for better. there's so much out that kids can get into. There's just so much, and there's nothing for these kids to do. Years ago, when I grew up, we had the swimming pool, we could go outside and play soccer on the road---there was always something for us to do. There was always a drop-in centre that we could go to. If we had a problem and we didn't want to go to our parents, we could go to the woman next door, and she could help us with our problem. That's what's lacking right now. Everyone worries about themselves and their family. If you open up and look at the brighter picture, there's more to life than just you, you know? Everyone has got to work together. And in our community, there are a handful of people who are making it look bad for the overall community.
Jones: I feel safer in the Square than I do in downtown Halifax, especially if there's a hockey game going on or if it's St. Patrick's Day and you've got all these drunks running around the streets---I'd much rather be in the Square, because it's safer, because this is a racist town. People are scared to go into the black neighbourhoods, but for me, it's the safest place to go. I'm scared to go into the south end after dark. It's a race thing.
Verny: I want to touch base on these programs for youth. I have a young single mother that lives in the Square, and she's got a young girl. Now, she's noticed over a few years her daughter has become angry and wanted to get her some help, OK? So my first suggestion to her was to call Children's Aid, see if they can get you and her into some programs and all that. They didn't want to help her. So I told her to call Community Services---and she's telling these people, "My daughter's in for a life of destruction if we don't catch her." And you something---still to this day there's nobody that's willing to help her. Children's Aid wanted to open a file up and take your kids for assessments and all this and that---it's not that she's a bad mother; I actually think she's a rather good mother for catching this, noticing that there's something that's not right up here---but she just needs somebody to help her, and she can't get it.
Zima: We've just launched, in the last couple of weeks, the Youth Advocacy Program, and there's going to be advocates working with youth in the community, and they're going to be working directly with youth between the ages of nine and 14, that are at the most risk or at the most vulnerable to become involved in criminal activity. And the advocates are all people that live in the community.
Murphy: I think there's a general lack, in some cases, to alternatives to crime. There are programs out there. One of the things the Clairmont report found is that there is almost no coordination between federal, provincial and municipal programs---everybody does their own thing. There's a lack of adequate programs in certain areas, for instance drug rehabilitation. There are lots of people addicted to drugs who can not get into programs, and of course they're going to maintain their habit and it's directly related to crime … but there aren't a lot of options available to people who either voluntarily or involuntarily want to do something about their drug problems. And we talked earlier about young women raising their children alone with absent fathers, there's not a lot of support for that kind of need. In general, apart from a policing system that is more coherent, we need to be looking at community supports, family supports, recreational alternatives---these are the kinds of answers that will bring some kind of improvement in the current situation.
Nunn: I would like to think so. But when you think of eight or 10 young women swarming an older woman on the Common, what kind of intervention is going to change that activity?
Zima: Those crimes are particularly violent, they're very unpredictable and they're very difficult to prevent, and they're very difficult to get a handle on because they're what we call "signal crimes."
Murphy: If you look at the background of those eight, I guarantee you'd find a history of dysfunctional family, parenting, etc. They're unpredictable, but they're predictable.
Nunn: What is a signal crime?
Zima: It's a violent crime that seems to be committed without any provocation---a lot of times there's not any monetary gain. It's particularly gratuitous violence for no apparent reason against particularly innocent victims.
MacIsaac: With the signal crimes, I think there's a breakdown in information sharing. You'll find that teachers saw that happening, that activity, way before the police saw it. And with Restorative Justice, we've probably seen all of these kids when they were 12 and 13 and sent them back to the crown, back to the court, and said, "These are not appropriate for our program, they need more intervention." But where does that information go? There's a real breakdown. No one shares information with each other. Educators are seeing these problems in Grade Two and they can't say anything until Grade Seven or Eight when the police get involved and there's a pre-sentence report written by corrections, and all this comes out that we've been seeing for years…
Nunn: You work with the young as well…
Bower: There are options out there. They might not be widely known---the Halifax Youth Attendance Centre is certainly one initiative that Correctional Services came up with a year and a half ago. And we talk a lot about that coordination and the lack of sharing, and it is certainly recognized as an issue that prevents youth from getting the attention that they need, to get their needs assessed and their needs addressed. But within the Halifax Youth Attendance Centre you have disciplines from health, education, justice, community services all working under one roof. So you look at the youth, you do a risk assessment and identify what their needs are, and the Halifax Youth Attendance Centre provides programming to actually meet their needs. So every youth that walks through, they have an assessment done, if they need access to career counseling or education, mental health services, addiction services, they're provided with those services.
Nunn: These are kids that have been in trouble with the law, or not?
Bower: All the youth that attend the Halifax Youth Attendance Centre are on court order. They go through a referral process---they're generally referred by their probation officer. They have to be living within the HRM.
Nunn: Do they see you as part of their punishment?
Bower: They don't, because it really is an environment that's conducive to change. It's a very supportive environment. It's a prime example of how supervision and support can really towards helping these youth make changes.
Nunn: Do you think we're finally getting some of this right?
Bower: I do. I think that we kid ourselves into thinking that it's easy to work as partners, and we use that "collaboration and partnership" very loosely, but when you actually sit down and try to do it, it's a difficult process, but we have to keep at it.
Syperek: Just a question to the police. When you hear a media report about, "This happened outside of well-known crack house"---how can everybody know about a crack house and nothing's done about it?
Zima: We know about the crack houses, and we're doing things about them. But it takes a lot of intelligence information. You can't just go to a judge and say, "I think there's a crack house here, I need a search warrant." We are conducting searches under the Controlled Drug and Substances Act on a daily basis, and we are aware of these places, we're gaining intelligence and our whole stance is we're going to be tough on crime, we're going to be tough on criminals, and we are hitting these houses. Drugs is a serious issue, and we're dealing with it on a daily basis.
Syperek: If drugs were legal and administered through drug stores, would they still be a problem?
Zima: That's a topic for a different day.
Murphy: Relative to that point, is what do the courts do with the charges when you make them? We've found that---at least the public perceives, and I think it's legitimate---that there's a lack of consistency between what the public expects, what the police have laid charges for and what is considered an appropriate response.
Nunn: So you think the courts are letting them walk?
Murphy: And in many cases they are. Let's be frank. And in part because of the limits that the law places on their sentencing ability and also a positive approach---assuming there will be community options and alternatives for them which will make an impact and effect on them.
Nunn: What do we have to do---change the criminal code, make it tougher? You automatically go to jail for such and such an offence?
Murphy: Judges have the capacity to make those sentences now---we don't need to change the criminal code. But they have a variety of objectives they have to meet.
Verny: I want to deal with issues. She deals with kids that have already been through---why do we have to wait for these kids to go out and commit a crime before we can get them the help that she offers? My daughter---when she was about eight, nine years old, she was angry and stuff. So I said, there's something wrong. So I phoned SOS workers, is that what they're called? I phoned Children's Aid, I phoned my social worker to see if he could help me with anything like that when I was on the system. And all these different places. One woman from Corrections Canada literally told me that my daughter had to go out and commit a violent crime and hope that the judge ordered her to take anger management.
Bower: I think there are a number of initiatives that are taking place within education---there are things that are being done, because we do recognize that's an issue. We don't want youth to be involved in crime so that they…
Verny: But it's after the fact. There's nowhere you can go when, "Oh, I think my daughter's going to end up doing this, where can I go to get her help before she goes and does this?"
Bower: And that's a real concern. I do think there are initiatives out there that are happening now so that we can have services in place so it doesn't come to that. Can we prevent all crime? Absolutely not…
Verny: I'm telling you, I think my daughter has something missing up there, we've got to get it back in there, where can I go to help her? "Oh, well, she's got to go out there and do this and break the law" or "We've got take her kid out of her home and assess her." People need a place to turn, somewhere where they can just talk to, where they don't have to worry about that person going back and saying, "Well, I think she's dysfunctional, let's phone Children's Aid and get her kids removed." Because that's a lot of the impression that people have---I've watched the Children's Aid come into homes and take kids that there's no need for them to be taken. Now, there's homes where I wish they would come and take their kids, but these kids are still there…
Bower: A prime example of an initiative is Centre 24/7, which is located in the valley. Centre 24/7 deals with both incarcerated youth and youth from the community… There are community-based youth who are attending these programs that have not committed offences.
Levett: We're talking about some of the solutions. Just being involved in that now, and working with some families that do turn to Community Services, and that there's 100 different examples out there… but, a lot of times, I think it does come down to parenting. Now parenting is different today than it was 10 years ago. Now, it seems, parents, their hands are tied. They can't give their kids a slap or a spanking, which may---there's different views on that. But, growing up, I had a group of friends and sure enough, there was one individual that got into a lot of trouble. What happened? Well, all the other parents said nobody's allowed to hang out with that individual anymore. And, I think that that's probably not a good thing, and it gets back to the solution. It would be interesting if somebody could put some focus, experienced-base parenting groups together. Why aren't parents, for instance, if I had a troubled youth, I probably wouldn't turn to Social Services where people have gone to school for this stuff--that would be one aspect that I might be able to get some help from, but what about the parents who have been very successful and getting their experience? So, having some experienced-based focus groups from parents that have done really well, turned their kids around---I think that's some of the solution. Parents should come together. I don't know if there's anything out there like it, but I think that may be part of the solution.
Fairfax: I like that idea, and I've been listening to you two ladies and this is something that's been on my mind, probably since last week. For, I think it's been the last five years or so, there's been in the Halifax Shopping Centre, there's been some sort of a drop-in program for youth, basically junior high and high school students. It's wonderful.
MacIsaac: I run that program.
Fairfax: Do you? I've been reading about this program in the newspaper, and I think it's a brilliant idea, and sometimes I wonder why we don't have something like this downtown, further downtown. It's in the Halifax Shopping Centre. It's youth who---I remember the last article I read in the newspaper, there was one particular girl, she felt like she was heading the wrong way. I think she was 14 or 15, and she didn't want to go the wrong way. She knew about this centre; it just sounds like a wonderful---who was it started by?
MacIsaac: In conjunction with the Halifax Shopping Centre marketing department, it was an initiative that we had…
Fairfax: They didn't want them hanging out in the mall and hanging out in the stores.
MacIsaac: Yea, it was an approach we took to be really proactive about kids who just hang out in common areas, and for the last seven years, it's kind of this underground thing. We don't market it really well because we don't have a lot of space.
Fairfax: Well, you should.
MacIsaac: Here's the problem: we don't have a lot of space, and if we had every kid come from all over this city we'd be full, and the ones who need it, we wouldn't be there for them. We're a very small staff. We need more.
Nunn: Are we making some progress? Is it possible that we're cleaning up this town? There seem to be some new ideas out there.
Murphy: There is sign that this whole fuss over the last two years and the report and the discussion, that people have realized that there are problems here, and I think there has been a renewed interest in trying to do things, both at the provincial level, the city level, and if we keep this kind of dialogue going, we need to leverage more responses. And the police have done some new things that they weren't doing a couple of years ago in response to these issues. So I think, actually, that we have turned a corner, and we need to keep putting the pressure on to develop the kinds of responses that we've heard here. We need to keep making politicians aware that we need these kinds of investments in people and communities to make a difference. And we will improve the situation. It won't disappear, but at least people recognize there's a problem, and there is a fair bit of community capacity in this city to respond.
Syperek: One thing I'd like to see is the police walking the beat. And it's not so much that they're preventing crime as you're meeting the police, and suddenly it's not that guy in the car who's going to beat me up. It's someone who helps you, you know, helps an old lady across the street.
Zima: We've been very fortunate through provincial and municipal funding to have an additional six full-time beat officers in the downtown core. That's six full-time, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. We have six additional beat officers in the downtown core. We have additional beat officers in north end Dartmouth. And we're getting more additional police officers---in the last two years, we will have experienced 56 new positions, new police officers, boots on the street. Every boot is hitting the street, of those numbers, and they're going to be in all different areas, and we're enhancing our community response officer position, which is one of the things that we did in the last couple of years to particularly address crime in high-risk areas, and we have community response officers working in those areas.
Nunn: I have the impression that we're making progress here.
Zima: It's a long-term approach. We're moving in the right direction, and as Chris says, this requires an inter-governmental and a multi-faceted approach to the problem. This is not a Community Services issue. This is not a black community issue. This is not a policing issue. We all have to work together.
Verny: You guys are putting all these programs into effect, which is a good thing, but how many people who are actually at this program have lived the life of a troubled youth, have lived the life of a troubled adult? You can not sit there and counsel somebody, I don't care if you've gone to school for 15 years, unless you've lived that experience.
Jones: You definitely need to know what the people are feeling. That was one of the comments I made in a video blog that I do. There was supposed to be a youth program where they were giving $1.9 million to put these social workers with at-risk youth. How are they supposed to help these at-risk youth if they just spent the last eight years trying to get a degree in school and this youth has just spent the last eight years trying…
Zima: But that's not who they are. They're community members, these youth advocate workers that are funded with the $1.9 million…
Verny: The two that are coming to Uniacke Square…
Zima: They are people who have lived in the community and have experience the community issues. They were specifically chosen. It's a federally funded program, it's an HRM program… these youth advocate workers are people who have actually experienced the community.
Verny: Out of the two youths, there are probably about 42 other people that could fit that job better in Uniacke Square. That position was not public. Nobody, if you weren't working within HRM, even got to see the posting for that, which I do not think was fair, and I'm not condemning the two ladies who got it, but there were a lot of other people out there who I think would have been a better fit for the position.
Nunn: You know what? We're out of time. I want to thank you all for taking part in this conversation. I know there's lot more to say.
Syperek: Let's continue the conversation tonight down at the Economy Shoe Shop.
You can watch the CBC's broadcast on the CBC News: Nova Scotia at Six website.


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Wow, that deer just jumped right over him like nothing!
This isn't like most motorcycle videos where a car or the rider do something dumb. This guy was riding perfectly fine, under the color of law, until a huge deer comes out of nowhere! This isn't just a deer, this is a huge six-point full grown buck! He got lucky when it jumped right over his head, but he still had to put the bike down and got into a bad crash! He better stop that deer and get his insurance information!


text:
Anyway, by the time of leaving Glasgow heading for west of Ireland a few weeks ago I grabbed a roll of K400 as I thought I would give it another go, and threw it inside the Nikon FM2 as it was a rather typical scottish day. Gray and grainy, if you like.
A real old fashion scrapyard with a lovely looking old crane to really make the scene worth snapping. I think I got a hundred or so of this scene snapped during the days in Glasgow not too long ago, but what the heck... you need to explore the surrounding area, don't you? At least that's what you have to do when you got no chance of going anywhere further than just around the ship. Nikon FM2 with the absolutely fantastic Nikkor 105mm f/2.5 lens I've had for something like 25 years or so. And Kentmere 400 film, developed in Paranol S 1:25
Previous attempts have been giving me all sorts of not so good results, but this time I really feel I somehow got the looks I've been aiming for all the time with this film. It was snapped with the Nikon FM2, and I had a battery inside and used the light meter quite a lot through the roll just to try having things a bit under control for once. The whole thing was set up to box speed, as I usually tend to do with most films if I'm not pushing it a step or two. This time it was definitely not pushed as I usually would go for a HP5+, Tri-X or even PAN400 for those sort of things.
Same scene, same camera and film. Damn seagull had to fly just a couple of meters too low, but I was not going to wait for it to take another round to position itself exactly where I wanted it...
Anyway, as we went away down the river Clyde out from Glasgow I snapped into more or less any direction and forgot about the whole film until just a few days ago when I finally got my stuff together and started developing my rolls.
As I've been out of decent developers for a while I just recently had some stuff bought over in England. A bottle of Kodak HC-110 just because I like it and because it's way too expensive over here in Norway, and then I also brought with me a couple of small bottles of Paranol S by Tetenal, just because AG Photographic was out of Rodinal (or Adonal, as it's not actually called Rodinal anymore... as we know) when I payed them a visit.
Old warehouses or whatever, at the bank of the River Clyde in Glasgow. This made me want to play a bit with lines and stuff, but I had to work way too quickly as the ship moved rather fast down the river. Crazy folks on the bridge and things, as usual.
So, back home and ready to start developing a bunch of rolls, I went for the Paranol S just to see what it looked like. I've never tried this mierda before, so I was a bit excited about it to tell the truth. Not because I thought I would notice too much of a difference compared to Rodinal and similar developers, but more because of the fact that I've never tried this particular developer before. I found it to be a rather nice one, truth be told, so I might try it with a few other films as well. But then again I just have to, since I got a couple of bottles of the stuff.
I've tested it with both FP4+ and now also Kenmore 400, and I must say I'm very pleased with the results this far. The Kentmere roll seems to have come out better than any earlier attempt, I must say. Makes me wonder about how HP5+ will look when washed in this stuff. We will find out soon. Maybe even tomorrow by the looks of the weather right now.
Anyway... more to come a bit later.
Same warehouses from the other side. As I said, I had to work very quick to hopefully get what I wanted. Luckily I didn't have to run inside and down to the engine room during the trip down the river.


text:
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Who is going to be the number one fantasy football draft pick this year?
Depends on how your league is. My league personally is really heavy on QB's, but most others are not. For those leagues that rely more on the running backs, i would say Arian Foster should be number one. He was the leading rusher in 2010 and recently reported that he played through a torn meniscus during the season. This is the same injury that has A-Rod on the DL right now, so you know that if he could produce so well with that kind of injury that he could be even more of a nightmare for opposing defenses when healthy. I passed him up last year and it has hauntd me ever since. I personally don't believe in repeats for break out players like that(*cough* Cedric Benson, Steve Slaton, Ryan Grant *cough cough*) but I am convinced he will satisfy fantasy owners everywhere this year. Great question!
by swilliams 4 years ago
My son went to Vegas for the Fantasy Football Draft. I hope gambling is not involved. I don't like gambling, because I could loose, and that scares me. What is Fantasy Football. What teams are available?
by IDONO 5 years ago
Who all has done their fantasy football draft?Who'd you pick in first round? I just started doing this last year. It sure makes a football season much more interesting. Especially if your favorite team isn't very good. I'm a Browns fan. What's that tell you?
by Kevin W 3 years ago
Who would you pick first in the Fantasy Football Draft?Football Season is finally here, and I can't wait for the season to start. Since I'm not playing against anyone on here in Fantasy, I thought it be Interesting to see who you would draft with the number one pick.
by Skaditch 7 years ago
Who are your Fantasy Football secret picks or dark horses?Don't worry about people in your league reading this, they're on other sites, so your secret picks are safe. Mine is Mike Williams, WR, Seattle Seahawks. Golden Tate is a rookie and T.J. Houshmandzadeh hasn't lived up to expectations.
by LittleStash 7 years ago
Who is going to be the top TD-earning running back for fantasy football team owners this year?
by Local Realtor 8 years ago
Who are the top ten draft picks for fantasy football going to be in 2010.
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Our cutting gardens are close to Newquay on the North Coast of Cornwall, we call them our happy place.
Throughout the seasons we see the land transform, watching nature work its magic. From the depths of winter, when the wind is rattling, the land is bare and we are getting cold and wet keeping the weeds at bay; underneath the soil our tulips are tucked up ready to unfurl and flounce come spring. Fast forward to the height of summer when the blooms are at their best and most boastful; when we hop over the fence into our gardens, it's one of the most satisfying parts our day.


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The collectibles page has been organized!
The task was on my to-do list for a while and I'm very proud of the results. Eventually, the collectibles will be linked to site posts, similar to the list. Speaking of the list page, I've been working on cleaning it up as well. I think organizing the books by type (appearances, parody, references, etc.), rather than everything together in chronological order, will be easier to search and reference. Since Swampy ads and articles are not as popular as appearances, reorganizing by book type should thin out the heard and distill the information.
And now… a Man-Thing book??
Man-Thing #2 (1980)
Himalayan Nightmare!
I have not lost my marbles. Thanks to J.R.G. and his comic confusion, Swamp Thing made his way onto the Man-Thing letters page.
Continue reading "Man-Thing #2"


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Rare Books and Special Collections is normally open to researchers during the University's business hours, Monday through Friday from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM. Appointments are required.
Additional hours on weekends or evenings may be scheduled by prior arrangement with staff. Call (202) 319-5091 or email for an appointment.
Send questions and comments to: email@example.com


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The next shot was taken with the model now adopting a pose that flatters the figure and makes a huge difference to the final shot.
Any photographer should be able to pose their model to make the shot work best.
The UK modelling agency advice blog to help you join the right model agency and prevent new models making mistakes by taking the wrong steps. How to not get caught by companies pretending to be UK model agencies. Also reviews of Capri Models, LUXE Models and Bella Models - none of them are model agencies.


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USSF Flirting With Klinsmann Yet Again?
- Posted by Drew Epperley
- On August 28, 2010
- 0 Comments
- Bob Bradley, Juergen Klinsmann
This could turn out to be in that "worst kept secret" department before long. We all know the story four years ago when the US Soccer Federation dumped coach Bruce Arena after the 2006 World Cup in hopes to land a certain German legend that just guided his country deep into the tournament that year.
The story goes as we all remember that the USSF and it's president Sunil Gulati couldn't land Juergen Klinsmann and ended up going with Bob Bradley. They settled for Bradley in some cases. Some fans were okay with the move and others were disappointed a deal could not be done with Klinsmann.
We all know what Bradley has done in that four years. Beat Mexico a couple times, won the CONCACAF Gold Cup which lead to a trip to the Confederations' Cup last year, which turned into a trip to the final in that tournament against Brazil. He also guided the US to the top of the CONCACAF qualifying group to get to the 2010 World Cup, and won Group C at the World Cup over favorite England. Yes the team crashed out in the round of 16 against Ghana and it was a big chance missed by Bradley and the US. But the facts remain Bradley did a heck of a job in four years as coach of the US.
But if you believe reports like this one, it seems like the flirting between the USSF and Klinsmann is back on though. We know Bradley met with Gulati this week and nothing came of it but now if Gulati and Klinsmann are meeting again it can only mean the USSF is once again courting the former striker.
I'm starting to think the obsession for Klinsmann by the USSF is one of a school-crush. You know the girl (or guy if you're a lady reading this) you meet randomly and immediately fall for? You watch her around school or the office and think to yourself "this is the one," and that they are the answers to your problems. You catch their attention a bit but they only lead you on and on and on. Before long the obsession is an ugly one that goes no where for you while they do nothing but take advantage.
I feel like Klinsmann is going to be that for the USSF here. Its a nice idea and believe me I'd take him as our next coach in a heartbeat but its just an obsession that worries the heck out of me right now. It almost appears not healthy for Gulati and the USSF. For a guy that is viewed as such a hot commodity why aren't more clubs and countries around the world after him like we are? You'd think if someone wanted him so badly right now he'd be coaching somewhere and not sitting in California.
Then this all falls back to Bradley. The "what if" of not getting Klinsmann seems to yield another two or even four years with Bradley in my mind.
It feels too much like 2006 here right now. I say either make the serious pitch to Klinsmann and let Bradley go so you don't have to keep stringing him along like this or keep Bradley for at least another two years. Time is wasting right now with the courting and hope of landing someone like Klinsmann.
I guess this coming week should shed some light into the subject a little more huh?


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Update 25 May 2013: "Dietrich von Zengg" wasn't included in the manuscript that Ambach published. Instead, he borrowed its text directly from an edition published either in 1536 or 1546.
While working on Printing and Prophecy, I made a note to myself about a work that looked interesting but that I didn't have a chance to consult, Melchior Ambach's Vom Ende der Welt (VD16 A 2161). My time in München was limited, the booklet only contained six leaves, the date of printing of 1545 was near the end of the time period I was interested in, and the title formulation (Vom Ende der Welt / Und zukunfft des Endtchrists. Wie es vorm Jungsten tag in der Welt / ergehn werde. Alte und newe Propheceyen / Auff diese letzste böse zeit ... in rheumen gestelt) suggested that this was merely some pastor's versified treatment of Daniel and Revelation.
All of that turns out to be wrong.
Vom Ende der Welt is actually a work of sixty leaves, it was probably printed in 1548, and it's a unique and highly significant source for late medieval and Reformation-era apocalypticism. Now that the BSB has released a facsimile, it's also available to everyone online.
Vom Ende der Welt contains versified excerpts from both biblical and non-biblical prophecies. The non-biblical prophets include a Sibyl, pseudo-Methodius, Joachim of Fiore, Hildegard von Bingen, Johannes de Rupescissa, Dietrich von Zengg (in prose), "Bechtildis" (probably Mechthild von Magdeburg), and two others that are difficult to place: "Haymo," a bishop, and "Bechtholdus," a Dominican monk.
Ambach is also not the poet. He states in his preface that he had instead only modernized the language found in an old and somewhat battered manuscript that a fellow citizen had brought to him. Ambach estimates that the manuscript was over a century old. That estimate was likely correct. Four of the prophecies (the Sibyl, pseudo-Methodius, Hildegard, and "Bechtholdus") give 1400 as the foreseen onset of tribulation, so the rhyming poet was probably writing around that year. "Dietrich von Zengg," in prose, gives 1410 as the date of the vision, so the manuscript itself may have been copied somewhat later, perhaps shortly after 1410. It's impossible to be sure, but those are fairly good estimates from what we know of the transmission of other prophetic works.
Ambach himself seems to be writing in 1548. On fol. h1v, the verse reads
Von der Römer reich und irem anbeginn /Ambach, who likely altered this passage (it comes just after a prediction of the Antichrist's advent for 1600, also a likely alteration), adds the marginal note:
Seind xxiii. hundert jar
Nach disem gezalt das ist war /
2300. Rom ist gestanden vor Christ geburt / 752. Jar.One notes that 2300 + -752 = 1548. Therefore I would place this edition, dated [ca. 1545] in VD16, in the year 1548. That would suggest that the printing of Vom Ende der Welt was Herman Gülfferich's response to the prophetic compilation published that year by Christian Egenolff, a fellow Frankfurt printer at a time when Frankfurt in general, and Gülfferich and Egenolff in particular, were the leaders in printing popular vernacular works. (Ursula Rautenberg has been working on the printing firm of Gülfferich/Wiegand Han/Han heirs, with some results in print and more soon to be published.)
So why is Vom Ende der Welt significant?
Second, Vom Ende der Welt appears to finally answer the question of how Matthias Flacius knew Zengg. Flacius states that Zengg lived around the year 1410, and describes his source as one where the vision is printed along with other prophecies in verse. That sounds very much like Vom Ende der Welt, whose version of "Zengg" is unique on both those accounts.
Third, the prophecy of Johannes de Rupescissa turns out to be the Vademecum, condensed and versified but at first glance largely complete. This gives us another sixteenth-century attestation of the Vademecum in print. Beyond that, the existence of a late fourteenth-century rhymed version and an early fifteenth-century manuscript would be appearances of the Vademecum some fifty years or more earlier than any other known German witnesses in the vernacular.
The only discussion of Vom Ende der Welt that I'm aware of is in Barnes's Prophecy and Gnosis (1988), pp. 78-79.
* * *
I'm off to Kalamazoo soon, so I may miss a week or two.


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Understanding the Effects of Light Pollution on Wildlife Johnny Noles, Biologist Chesapeake Bay email@example.com INTRODUCTION
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
of Light Pollution on Wildlife
Johnny Noles, Biologist
Chesapeake Bay
This presentation was created to provide International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) members and concerned citizens a general information resource for discussion of light pollution problems with emphasis on the effects on wildlife. Feel free to use the whole or parts of the presentation for educational outreach.
Beginning with the contents on the following slide, The presentation begins with a pictorial introduction highlighting outdoor lighting and the basic effects of outdoor lighting on wildlife. It further goes on to compare light pollution with chemical pollution. It emphasizes the shortcomings of government regulations governing pollution. It provides an example of how environmental agencies are even responsible for the introduction of light pollution through public environmental regulatory programs. In the absence of light pollution regulations, it identifies public interest actions that have been initiated in the interest of wildlife conservation.
The presentation concludes with an appeal to the wildlife conservation community to join forces with the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) to promote wildlife habitat enhancement through light pollution reduction. General recommendations for environmental agencies and homeowners are provided for guidance purposes.
I. Introduction
Pictorial Identification of Problem
Wildlife and Habitat Impact Issues
II. Understanding Light Pollution
Definition of Pollution
Observed Effects of Pollution
Comparing Light Pollution with Chemical Pollution
Light Pollution Regulation
III. Examples of How Environmental Agencies are Impacting the Environment with Light
IV. Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation and Light Pollution
V. Help for Wildlife Conservation from a Distant Galaxy
VI. Recommendations for Public Agencies and Homeowners
What are the effects of light pollution on wildlife and their habitats?
I. Introduction
Virginia's Light Pollution Signature
Chesapeake Bay
Coastal Barrier Islands
Dismal Swamp
Virginia Wildlife Ecosystems Affected by Light Pollution
What About Your State, Providence or Country?
I. Introduction
Unshielded Artificial Lighting = Light Pollution
I. Introduction
Elements of Light Pollution Impacting Wildlife
Light Trespass
Sky Glow
I. Introduction
Light pollution is trespassing into wildlife habitat
Wildlife Concerns From
Exposure to Light Pollution
Habitat Disturbance
Wildlife Behavior
Wildlife Survival
I. Introduction
Compare Lighting from Natural and Artificial Sources
" what the critters see "
Natural night sky
light pollution
I. Introduction
yellow crowned night heron
gray tree frog
spotted sea trout
I. Introduction
I. Introduction
Habitat Disturbance Observations
artificial lighting over broad natural areas.
wildlife inhabitation.
habitation. Water surface reflections magnify light pollution.
I. Introduction
pollutants have in common?
II. Understanding Light Pollution
Forms of pollutants and examples
Gas – carbon monoxide
Liquid - oil
Solid - asbestos
Light – streetlights
Noise – loud machinery
II. Understanding Light Pollution
II. Understanding Light Pollution
Similarities between Chemical and Light Pollution
II. Understanding Light Pollution
Similarities between Chemical and Light Pollution
ChemicalLight Examples
or short-lived industrial environments
Cedar River, WA****
Cedar River, WA****
* = Chesapeake Bay
II. Understanding Light Pollution
Environmental Restoration Comparison "Cleaning the Problem Up"
Hypothetical scenario – compare 10 acres of land in watershed environment contaminated by either hazardous chemicals or light pollution
II. Understanding Light Pollution
pollution exposure result in the decline of wildlife species?
II. Understanding Light Pollution
regulate outdoor lighting strictly for wildlife
conservation purposes.
II. Understanding Light Pollution
chemical pollution
II. Understanding Light Pollution
USA's First Outdoor Lighting Ordinance for Wildlife Conservation
Endangered Sea turtles in Florida
Life cycle consists of birth on land, spending life in ocean, returning to land only to nest
II. Understanding Light Pollution
wildlife habitat
Light Pollution Impacts on Wildlife Through the Nationwide Wetlands Permitting Process
the lighting.
subject to increased predation by nocturnal raptors, other wildlife
predators and domestic animals
polluted areas
organisms that are similarly attracted to lights
Light Pollution Impacts on Wildlife Through the Nationwide Wetlands Permitting Process
Potential for Water Quality Impacts
Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation Involving Light Pollution
IV. Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation and Light Pollution
Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation Involving Light Pollution
In State of Washington, light trespassing into fish habitat from unshielded lights on Cedar River trails resulted in interference with sockeye salmon fry migration and an increase in predation pressures. Lights shielding by WA DOT reduced light trespass, enhanced habitat, and improved fish migratory passage.
IV. Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation and Light Pollution
Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation
Involving Light Pollution
IV. Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation and Light Pollution
Innovative Communities with Light Pollution Control That Benefit Wildlife and Public
Ocean Reef, Florida - private development in Key Largo, Florida with no street lights. Surrounding mangrove and waterway habitats enhanced.
Hilton Head Island, South Carolina - Resort with lighting ordinances requiring light shields, placement and low height requirements. Surrounding beach, maritime forest and marsh habitats enhanced.
Palm Beach County and Sanibel Island, Florida - public outdoor lighting ordinances for coastal wildlife conservation and tourism. Beach and shore habitats enhanced.
IV. Public Action Precedents in Wildlife Conservation and Light Pollution
Help for Wildlife Conservation from a Distant Galaxy
organization led by astronomers and citizens promoting "to
preserve and protect the nighttime environment and our
heritage of dark skies through quality outdoor lighting".
through public education, lighting standards and public
outdoor lighting ordinances.
conservation and habitat enhancement purposes.
conservation communities.
V. Help for Wildlife Conservation from a Distant Galaxy
International Dark-Sky Association 3225 N. First Ave., Tucson AZ 85719 USA(520) 293-3198 (voice) (520) 293-3192 (fax)E-Mail: email@example.com
IDA advocates shielded lighting and better outdoor lighting planning
VI. Recommendations for Public Agencies
and shielded lighting requirements.
piers, marinas and other waterfront structures. Use properly placed hooded
alternate low illumination lamps instead for walkways and safety areas.
and adjacent properties.
mandate to reduce light pollution in the wetlands and waterways.
retrofit existing lights to implement light pollution control as a habitat
enhancement, wildlife conservation, boating safety enhancement, and public
aesthetics enhancement initiative.
VI. Recommendations for Public Agencies
Light Pollution Considerations
Nocturnal - bats
Diurnal - dragonflies
Diurnal - martins
VI. Recommendations for Public Agencies
LP Problems for Urban Habitats
Homeowners Backyard Habitat and Urban Park Manager's Habitat Guide
VI: Recommendations for Homeowners
VI: Recommendations for Homeowners
Through Light
Pollution Control


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GENERAL FAQs
What are the dates of the Flea for this season?
What time is the Flea?
Where is the Flea located?
Tyler Village
3615 Superior Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44114
What happens if there is bad weather on the day of the Flea?
The Law of the Flea says that we are blessed with gorgeous weather on event days at or above 93 percent of the time.
However, that 7 percent can be a real nightmare and a source of stress for a lot of us. So we decided to hash out a legitimate rain plan in hopes that it alone will help keep any storms at bay. You know, that whole "it never rains when you bring an umbrella" approach.
So, we're still calling The Flea "rain or shine" events, because the heart of our rain plan is to make it happen come hell or high water, whenever we can. In that spirit, we've developed a two tier plan to deal with extreme weather in the forecast. We define extreme weather as the strong chance of lasting thunderstorms, a flood warning or watch, and/or the pairing of either of these with a heavy wind factor.
Read more about our 'Rain or Shine' policy here >>> https://www.theclevelandflea.com/stories/rain-or-shine
What is the ticketing fee for shoppers?
Entry for one adult is $2.
Flea Club membership is available for purchase, allowing FREE access to the Flea all season long. For more information on Flea Club, head this way >>> https://www.theclevelandflea.com/flea-club
I want to be a vendor, is it too late to apply?
Nope! We accept vendor appliations all season long. Continue to read the below FAQs for further information about the application process.
Apply here >>> https://www.theclevelandflea.com/vendors-apply
What types of Vendors can I expect to see at the Flea?
- Handmade / Maker
- Vintage
- Food (stand / truck / trailer)
- Farm stand/produce
- Experiential + Interactive
- Non-Profit
- Other
Booth Sizes and Pricing
5' x 10' | $250 | Shared Booth
10' x 10' | $300 | Single Booth | Handmade / Food / Small-scale Vintage
10 x 20' | $450 | Double Booth | Handmade / Food
10 x 20' (large-scale vintage) | $300 | Large-scale Vintage
Food Truck / Trailer (up to 15' x 35') | $325
Full Season Pass | $2,000 (10' x 10' booth / large-scale vintage)
Full Season Pass (Food Truck / Trailer) | $2,175
Partial Season Pass (3 markets) | $850
Application Submission and Notification Dates
Accepted APRIL & FULL SEASON PASS vendors will receive their acceptance letters by February 15th. At that time, no new vendors will be accepted as FULL SEASON PASS vendors. Having said that, we have a rolling application process that allows us to continue to add new and interesting vendors throughout the season to fill all of our remaining spots. The application stays live on the website throughout the season and we check it once a month for updates. Any newly accepted vendors will purchase their booths on the days listed below - the same as everyone else. Please note that those who are not accepted into the 2018 season will also receive notice by February 15th.
If you're an accepted Full Season Pass vendor, when you purchase your booth, you will fill out a small form that will allow you to indicate your top booth choices. As always, there are no guarantees, but we will do what we can to honor your requests. A Full Season Pass for the 2018 season for everyone except food trucks (without upgrades) is $2,000 and includes all 7 markets. You will remain in the same spot all season. Purchasing all markets at once saves you $100, guarantees your same spot, and allows you to be done with booth sales for the season.
Accepted Partial Season Pass vendors (3 markets) and Month To Month vendors will have one day to buy the market(s) of their choice prior to the start of the season. Booth spots are first come, first serve. Partial Season Pass and Month To Month vendors will be assigned a spot. You do have the option to upgrade by indicated that you would like a high traffic zone or corner booth by purchasing one of the limited "booth upgrades". You are welcome to purchase as many markets at you like on each booth sale date. You are accepted to all of them if you received and acceptance e-mail and it's your choice which ones you choose to participate in. You can pick one or two if you are a month-to-month vendor or just get one for now. If you are a Partial Season Pass vendor then you need to pick at least 3 but you can purchase more if you like.
You will get an opportunity to purchase a booth 6 weeks prior to each event. Booth sales will only be live for one day, and will be first come first serve. This is why we encourage everyone to snag what they want on March 1st for the entire season to ensure you can participate in every market you want to be a part of. See Booth Sales Dates for more info.
Can I bring my dog to the Flea?
YES! The Flea is THE place for all the pups. Check out @dogsoftheflea!
VENDOR FAQs
Vendor FAQs can be found here!
Have a question or concern that was not answered above? Please fill out the form below and we will work to get back to you within 24-48 hours!
Our Location
3615 Superior Avenue
Cleveland, OH, 44114
United States
Emergency Contact for Vendors: firstname.lastname@example.com


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d-day effects
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Product Highlights
Show your support for Leupold and your pride in the USA, while keeping the sun off your face and head, with this brown Flag Twill Hat made of duck cloth. It's emblazoned with the American flag and the name "LEUPOLD" front and center. With its semi-structured design, the baseball cap will hold its shape when it's not being worn but is also comfortable and somewhat flexible. It's offered in one size that fits most, thanks to its adjustable hook-and-loop strap.
|Duck cloth
|Fabric Weave
One size fits most
Adjustable hook-and-loop strap
|Packaging Info
|Package Weight
|0.2 lb
|Box Dimensions (LxWxH)
|4.5 x 4.1 x 0.7"