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The Liberty League announced its baseball year end awards on Tuesday and the University of Rochester was handsomely rewarded after a strong season in which the Yellowjackets earned the regular season conference title.
Overall, Rochester had 10 honorees, three on the 1st Team, two on the 2nd Team and five Honorable Mention selections. Head Coach Joe Reina along with assistant coaches Jake Shattuck and Dan Paolini were also named the conference Coaching Staff of the Year.
Rochester's first team selections were catcher David Rieth, 1st baseman Aiden Finch and outfielder Steve Pickering. On the second team, pitcher Luke Meyerson and outfielder Kyle Trombley represented the Yellowjackets. Earning honorable mention status was pitcher Will Conroy, 2nd baseman Aaron Craig, shortstop Tyler Schmidt, 3rd baseman Jack Herman and outfielder Drew Bankovich. UR's entire starting nine, plus an additional pitcher made up the Yellowjacket honorees.
The 10 selections for UR were tied for most in the league this season with RIT. League champion Union was next with nine selections and RPI had seven. No other league team had more than five players on the all-conference squad.
Joe Reina, Jake Shattuck and Dan Paolini: Fifth Coaching Staff of the Year award (2004, 2007-09); Guided Rochester to its first Liberty League regular season title since 2010 with a 16-5 mark in Liberty League play. Overall, UR finished 19-17 and reached the Liberty League tournament championship round, falling in a winner-take-all game against Union, despite being picked fourth in the Liberty League preseason poll. Rochester as a team batted .314 as a squad and was second in the Liberty League with 239 runs scored.
David Rieth (SO, C, Tierra Verde, FL/St. Petersburg): 2nd All-LL award (2017 H.M.); Hit .313 (42-134) in 35 games for the Yellowjackets as a sophomore…Scored 19 runs, had 13 RBI and tallied five extra base hits...Was 4-6 in stolen base attempts, drew 17 walks and was hit by a pitch six times…Had a .411 on-base percentage…Reached base safely in 33 straight games, a streak that ran through the end of the season and will carry over into 2019…Threw out eight potential base stealers, including three in the Liberty League Tournament…Ranked 6th in the Liberty League in runners caught stealing, 8th in total fielding chances and 9th in putouts, also seeing some time at 1st base…Top-15 in the conference in hits, walks and HBP…Finished with 14 multi-hit games on the season.
Aiden Finch (JR, 1B Los Gatos, CA/Los Gatos): 2nd All-LL award (2016 H.M.); Started all 36 games for the Yellowjackets, manning 1st base while also handling some catching duties…Was tops on the Yellowjackets in average, slugging, on-base percentage, runs, doubles, triples, total bases and HBP…Hit .392 (51-130) with 33 runs, 34 RBI, a school-record 18 doubles, 4 triples and 2 home runs…Slugged at a .638 clip and drew 20 walks and nine HBP for a .491 OBP…Ranked 11th nationally in doubles and 23rd in doubles per game…Top-5 in the Liberty League in nine eight major offensive categories, including leading the league in doubles and triples while finishing third in OBP and slugging…Had a team-best 13-game hitting streak during the year…Added 14 multi-hit games and nine multi-RBI contests…Earned Liberty League Performer of the Week honors on March 19th.
Steve Pickering (FY, OF, Wilbraham, MA/Minnechaug Regional): 1st All-LL award; Started every game in his rookie year with the Yellowjackets…Finished second on the team with a .389 average (56-144)…Scored 32 runs, had nine extra base hits and drove in 17 runs…Added 11 stolen bases in 13 tries, slugged .479 and had an on-base percentage of .443…Led team in hits and sacrifice bunts (6)…Ranked 2nd in the Liberty League in sacrifices, 3rd in hits, 6th in average and stolen bases and 7th in runs scored…Had 15 multi-hit games, most on the team, including a 4-5 game with two stolen bases against Brockport on Apr. 10…Named Liberty League Rookie of the Week three times on the year.
Luke Meyerson (SR, P, Rye, NY/Rye): 1st All-LL award; Had his best season in a Yellowjacket uniform as a senior, setting career bests in ERA (3.45), wins (4), complete games (4), innings (57.1), strikeouts (46) and batting average against (.266)…Finished 4-3 overall and gave up just 22 earned runs in 57.1 innings…Threw first career shutout against Bard on Apr. 22, striking out a career-high nine…Matched nine-strikeout performance in Liberty League Tournament against Union, throwing a career-high nine innings…Conference Pitcher of the Week on Apr. 23.
Kyle Trombley (SO, OF, Wilbraham, MA/Minnechaug Regional): 1st All-LL award; As a sophomore, hit .275 (28-102) in 32 games played, utilizing his speed to help the team in multiple ways…Was 25-27 on stolen base attempts, ranking in the top-20 nationally in stolen bases per game and also leading the Liberty League…Stolen base total was also the fifth most in a single season in UR history…Added 29 runs scored, seven extra base hits and 13 RBI on the season while manning centerfield for the Yellowjackets…Recorded 4-RBI performance in key victory over RIT on May 5…Had four stolen bases against St. Lawrence on Apr. 8, the second most by a UR player in a single game.
Will Conroy (GR, P, Burlington, VT/Rice): 1st All-LL award; Transitioned to the pitchers mound for his final season with the Yellowjackets and excelled, finishing 4-0 with a team-low 2.72 ERA in 43.0 innings…Made six starts and ten total appearances, adding two complete games, one shutout and one save…Struck out 36 batters, gave up just ten extra base hits and held opponents to a .224 average against…Ranked 6th in the Liberty League in wins, 9th in average against, 10th in ERA and 14th in strikeouts…Tossed 3-hit shutout with six K's at Skidmore on Apr. 28, helping UR to a 2-0 win.
Aaron Craig (SO, 2B, Pelham, NY/Pelham): 1st All-LL award; Had a great second season with UR, appearing in all 36 games for the Yellowjackes…Ended up hitting .325, fourth on the team, going 38-117 at the plate…Scored 28 runs, added six doubles and 23 RBI…Was 4-5 on stolen base attempts, had six sacrifice flies and four sac bunts…Defensively was in on 24 on UR's 36 double plays…Ranked 1st in the Liberty League in sacrifice flies and 22nd nationally in that category…Was 6th in double plays, 7th in defensive assists (94) and sacrifice hits, 14th in runs and 15th in RBI…Had a monster game at Bard on Apr. 21, when he went 4-5 with two runs and six RBI.
Tyler Schmidt (SR, SS, Venetia, PA/Peters Township): 3rd All-LL award (2nd Team 2017, H.M. 2015); Steady senior season culminated in his third all-conference award of his career…Finished batted .318 (47-148) while starting all 36 games at shortstop…Scored 28 runs, had nine doubles, one triple and two home runs to go with 27 RBI…Had a .432 slugging and .380 on-base percentage and was 5-6 on stolen base attempts…Named to the Liberty League All-Tournament Team for his 10-hit performance at the conference tournament at UR in May…Set new career highs for runs, hits, doubles and RBI…Ranked 1st in the Liberty League in defensive assists (129), 2nd in double plays turned (28), 4th in at-bats, 7th in hits, 11th in RBI and 12th in runs scored…Recorded 14 multi-hit games and 10 multi-RBI games.
Jack Herman (JR, 3B, Gansevoort, NY/Saratoga Springs): 1st All-LL award; Provided excellent pop for UR in the middle of the batting order, finishing with a .336 average (45-134), 33 runs, 11 doubles, 3 triples, 3 home runs and 38 RBI…Slugged .530 and had a .426 on-base percentage after 22 walks and two HBP…Led Rochester in runs scored, RBI and home runs…Was named to the Liberty League All-Tournament team after leading the tournament in hits, runs, doubles and RBI while also providing the game-winning walk-off hit in game one of the championship round against Union, forcing a winner-take-all final game…Ranked 2nd in the Liberty League in RBI, 3rd in walks and sacrifice flies (4), 5th in runs, 6th in triples, 7th in total bases (71), 8th in hits and home runs…Team best 12 multiple-RBI games and also had 10 multi-hit games, including two with four hits.
Drew Bankovich (FY, OF, DuBois, PA/DuBois Area): 1st All-LL award; Became a starter in his first season with UR, appearing in 31 games, making 27 starts…Hit .290 (29-100) with 15 runs, 3 doubles, 2 triples, 2 home runs and 16 RBI…Added 11 walks and 4 HBP for a .379 on-base percentage in addition to his .420 slugging percentage…Had nine-multi hit games and four multi-RBI affairs…Had his best game of the season on the road at nationally-ranked Oswego State when he went 3-5 with two home runs, two runs and five RBI, backing that performance up with a 2-3 day with 3 RBI and two runs against Vassar a week later…Had two 7-game hit streaks during the year.
2018 All-Liberty League Baseball Awards
PLAYER OF THE YEAR: Colin Kelly, Union
CO-PITCHER OF THE Year: Will Coleman, Clarkson
CO-PITCHER OF THE Year: Jake Vesling, Union
ROOKIE OF THE YEAR: Jack Koch, Union
COACHING STAFF OF THE YEAR: Rochester
P- Evan Richardson, Bard
P- Will Coleman, Clarkson
P- Jake Vesling, Union
P- Brendan McNerney, RPI
RP- Brett Bouchard, RIT
C- Matt Lasky, Bard
C- David Rieth, Rochester
1B- Aiden Finch, Rochester
2B- Bobby Kinne, Vassar
SS- Colin Kelly, Union
3B- Jack Koch, Union
OF- Steve Pickering, Rochester
OF- Andy Labeck, Union
OF- Patrick Mylott, RIT
DH- Noah Normyle, RPI
UT- Jake Vesling, Union
P- Luke Meyerson, Rochester
P- Christopher Palmiero, RPI
P- Brian Reed, RIT
P- Andrew Smith, Clarkson
P- Daniel Zeglen, RIT
P- Spencer Anderson, Skidmore
RP- Andrew Aikins, Skidmore
C- Anthony Butler, St. Lawrence
C- Patrick Geiger, Skidmore
1B- Sean Cullen, Union
2B- Sam Kirschenbaum, Union
SS- Ethann Meister, RPI
3B- Jason Schulz, RIT
OF- Brendon Frank, St. Lawrence
OF- Brad Pearson, Clarkson
OF- Kyle Trombley, Rochester
OF- Joey Mylott, RIT
DH- Jeff Goldrosen, Bard
UT- Daniel Zeglen, RIT
HONORABLE MENTION ALL-LIBERTY LEAGUE: Will Conroy, Rochester, Stevie Branche, RIT, Erick Zecha, RPI, Mark Connor, Clarkson, Charlie Hoover, Union, Dalton Murray, RIT, Aaron Craig, Rochester, Tyler Schmidt, Rochester, Daniel Capra, RIT, Jack Herman, Rochester, Will Potter, Skidmore, J.T. Sawyer, RPI, Harrison Glatt, Union, Tanner Blough, Vassar, Michael Arboleda, RPI, Drew Bankovich, Rochester, Matt Schwartz, Vassar, Dan Pariso, Clarkson, Bryan Rubin, Vassar


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Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology (KNIT), Sultanpur
Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology is situated in Sultanpur in Uttar Pradesh state of India. Established in 1976, it is accredited from UGC, AICTE and it is affiliated to Uttar Pradesh Technical University.. KNIT, Sultanpur offers 18 courses across 2 streams namely Engineering, IT and across 3 degrees like B.Tech, M.Tech, MCA.Hostel facility is available for its students. Additional campus facilities such as Auditorium, ATM, Boys Hostel, Canteen, Computer Lab, Counselling, Girls Hostel, Guest house, Hospital, Mess are also there. b'Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology' accepts UPSEE - Uttar Pradesh State Entrance Examination for admission into Engineering courses
Top Courses & Fees View All
B.Tech 6 Courses AvailableAvg Annual Fee 8 K Get Details
M.Tech 11 Courses Available
MCA 1 Courses AvailableAvg Annual Fee 8 K Get Details
- Auditorium
- Boys Hostel
- Canteen
- Computer Lab
- Counselling
- Girls Hostel
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- Hospital
- Mess
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- Cls. Room
- Placement
- post off.
- Residential Institute
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KNIT, Sultanpur Placement
The institute has a full fledged Training & Placement cell under the Training & Placement Officer (TPO) who is a senior faculty member. The Training & Placement office also looks after the placement of the students. The various reputed Industries /Organizations conduct campus interviews regularly for selecting suitable candidates in their respective organizations. A few of ...
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Contact Details of Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur
Contact No:+91-9415041790 , 05362 241 733
Email ID:email@example.com
Address:Kamla Nehru Institute of technology, Knit Sultranpur Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh 228118

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|16-January-2019 20:20:56
Screenshot of the spacecraft control system
A screenshot of the Mission Control System (MCS) software used at the CHEOPS Mission Operations Centre (MOC) at Spain's National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA) in Torrejón. The software allows the MOC operators to monitor the spacecraft telemetry, which includes parameters for the star tracker (STR) and the magnetometer (MAG) sensors and the reaction wheel (RW) and Magentorquer (MTQ) actuators that are used by the Attitude and Orbit Control System (AOCS) to steer the spacecraft.
Last Update: 10 July 2017For further information please contact: firstname.lastname@example.com
See Also


text:
Saturday, January 21, 2017
Bandai releasing new Star Wars Yoda Model kit
This is a super cool news! Bandai will be releasing the Star Wars Yoda model kit in Mar and the price is about 3000yen. This kit comes with 2 scales, yes, you heard me correct, both 1/12 and 1/6 are in one kit. They are not only different in the size, but the era too. The 1/12 Yoda is from "The Empire Strikes Back" whilst the 1/6 Yoda is from "Attack of the Clones"
1/12 Yoda:
Basically the 1/12 Yoda will have very limited articulation, perhaps a statue!? It is understandable as in the movie Yoda is less than 3 feet, so it is not easy to make a small model kit with full articulation. The robe should be same rubber material as the model Kylo Ren's that released earlier. It comes with a cane for this 6 inch model.
1/6 Yoda:
The 1/6 Yoda will have have full articulation and comes with an extra head and several hands. As the accessories, they are providing a cane, a lightsaber (hilt and ignited).


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- jonathanmasseyAsked on April 29, 2012 at 08:07 AM
When I preview the checklist on a PC or iPad it is fine but on iPhone the "Print Form" button disappears.Page URL:
- JotForm SupportjonathanAnswered on April 29, 2012 at 10:25 AM
Its probably because there is no direct way to print from an iphone. To my knowledge the iphone can only print if there is a printing app installed on it. And sometimes even those with printing apps installed are not guaranteed to work right away.
Have you tried already printing other pages/forms from your iphone aside from JotForm?
If you did, then we can probably forward this to our developer for them to look further and perhaps they can offer us better options on how to print your form in iphone.
- jonathanmasseyAnswered on April 29, 2012 at 10:33 AMYes, I can print other things from my iPhone in exactly the same way as I do from iPad. Confusing thing here is that it works fine from iPad. It would be helpful if this could be looked into. Thanks
- JotForm SupportjonathanAnswered on April 29, 2012 at 10:48 AM
I tested the form in an iphone 4S and I was able to find the print option. (see screen below). Hit the button and other options will come up, including print.
Nevertheless, I will still forward this to our Next Level support for proper evaluation since the 'print' button of the form that was suppose to be there cannot be seen anymore.
You will be inform as soon as we have update on it. Thank you for sharing to us this information.


text: Pinch to zoom I'm in! Black And White Pony Hair Florence Tote Handbag by MAHI Leather £133.75$238.89€154.91$181.31 Favourite Favourite Ask Seller View your favourites quantity personalise PRODUCT DETAILS Our Florence Tote in Animal Print pony hair with full grain leather detailing is a relaxed and stylish solution to store your daily essentials. With capacity for an A4 notepad and 13" laptop, this tote is a practical handbag that can be carried with ease due to its reinforced sturdy grab handles. Other features include 1 internal zip pocket and full zip fastening to main compartment for extra security. Your MAHI will arrive packaged inside a complimentary branded dust bag, making for the perfect gift or treat for yourself. Please note that this product is made to order and shipped internationally. Whilst all local duties and shipping charges are paid our side, on rare occasions, Fedex or DHL may ask you, the recipient, to pay the customs charges associated with your order. In these rare cases, please let us know and we will reimburse you immediately. made from: Exterior: 100% full-grain cow hide with natural hair finish. Interior: 100% cotton lining. Hardware: Brass fittings and robust YKK zippers. dimensions: L45cm (top) x H31.5cm x W11.5cm. Base: L32.5cm x W11.5cm. product code: 806547 see more see less DELIVERY This product is dispatched to you by MAHI Leather. RETURNS You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based.


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When I was five months pregnant with the mackerdoodle, I was sitting in my sister's kitchen in Atlantic Canada talking about babies and family and what was in store for us. Melissa's youngest child "Bess" was nine months old or so and sitting on the kitchen floor at our feet. During the conversation Melissa said, "It's sad to me to think that Bess might be the last baby we would have." To be honest, I was shocked. I was eagerly anticipating the mackerdoodle's arrival, but I wondered how someone with four children could think it sad not to have more. I couldn't wrap my brain around it.
When the mackerdoodle was nine or ten months old I was in the same house, helping Melissa pack to move to Central Canada. As she put Bess' clothes in a box for my mackerdoodle, she told me again that it was sad to her to be giving me these clothes, thinking that Bess was possibly her last baby. At that point I knew with Bess just about two it was the longest stretch of time in eight years my sister had gone without being pregnant. I didn't understand how leaving that cycle of pregnant/nursing/pregnant/nursing etc. behind was a source of grieving for her. I couldn't wrap my brain around it.
Three weeks ago my friend Danielle had a beautiful baby girl. I stopped by to visit when little S. was a week old, and I saw the little bundle wrapped up in the bassinet, and I thought of my (then almost) crawling, 27 inch long great big boy at home and I thought. . .
"I want another baby."
I get it. I understand how brief that first year is, and how very brief that new born stage is. I understand that temptation to just want a perpetual supply of baby giggles, baby milestones, baby cuddles. I understand now that every baby brings something new and wonderful into a family, and grows the love exponentially. I get it.
I also get that every baby grows into a child who requires a lifetime of nurturing and training in righteousness. I get how easily children can become idols in our lives to which we sacrifice the affections that rightly belong to God. I get that God calls us to good stewardship in all areas of our life.
So I understand why my sister wanted (wants) a fifth baby, and I understand why she and my brother-in-law chose not to pursue that right now. I understand why she would be sad to think of no more baby giggles, and I understand why they didn't let their emotions make such an important decision for them. I get it.
I really, really get it.


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Adler & GibbBy: Tim Crouch (author)Paperback
Only 1 in stock
Description'You'd like that, would you, your most private, pinkest, tenderest - small bird, small bird, small fragile - stolen from you, slammed down onto the slab, the block, poked at and paraded.' The children swing their legs on the chairs. The student delivers the presentation. The older woman stands with the gun. The young couple arrives at the house. The house is returning to nature. A movie is being made. The truth is being plundered. But the house is still lived in and the spirit to resist is strong. Adler & Gibb tells the story of a raid - on a house, a life, a reality and a legacy. The play takes Tim Crouch's fascination with form and marries it to a thrilling story of misappropriation. Janet Adler and Margaret Gibb were conceptual artists working in New York at the end of the last century. They were described by art critic Dave Hickey as the 'most ferociously uncompromising voice of their generation'. With Adler's death in 2004, however, the compromise began. This play opens at the Royal Court Theatre in June 2014.
About AuthorTim Crouch's credits at the Royal Court include The Author, which toured across the UK and abroad throughout 2010 and 2011. Other credits include what happens to the hope at the end of the evening, co-written with Andy Smith, in which Tim also performed at the Almeida Festival, I, Cinna (The Poet) as part of the RSC's World Shakespeare Festival, at the Swan Theatre. He edited and directed The Taming Of The Shrew and King Lear for the RSC's Young People's Shakespeare Project. His other credits include I, Malvolio, My Arm, England and An Oak Tree, which won an Obie Award. As a director, his credits include King Lear and The Taming of the Shrew for the RSC's First Encounters: Shakespeare for Young Audiences.
Product Details
- publication date: 17/06/2014
- Format: Paperback
- Number Of Pages: 96
Delivery Information
- Saver Delivery: Yes
- 1st Class Delivery: Yes
- Courier Delivery: Yes
- Store Delivery: Yes


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Candied Orange Sweet Potatoes
Brighten up candied sweet potatoes with a hint of citrus. This orange sweet potato recipe is one side dish so delicious that it might just steal the show from the entree.
Rate This!
Candied Orange Sweet Potatoes
- Preheat oven to 400 degrees F. Layer potatoes in a 2-quart baking dish. Top with the orange slices. In a small saucepan melt butter and sugar together over medium-low heat. Remove from heat. Stir in orange juice and vanilla. Pour over potatoes and orange slices. Cover and bake 30 minutes. Uncover and bake an additional 20 to 30 minutes more or until potatoes are tender and browned, spooning juices over potatoes halfway through the uncovered baking time. Grate nutmeg over the top and serve warm.
Nutrition Facts (Candied Orange Sweet Potatoes)
- Per serving:
- 227 kcal ,
- 9 g fat
- (6 g sat. fat ,
- 0 g polyunsaturated fat ,
- 2 g monounsaturated fat ),
- 24 mg chol. ,
- 144 mg sodium ,
- 35 g carb. ,
- 4 g fiber ,
- 16 g sugar ,
- 2 g pro.
Reviews (3)
Cheryl Greenland 1801 Days Ago
Made this to go with Christmas dinner and it was a hit.
Karen Elliott 1880 Days Ago
Just Wondering? Are the orange peels edible after they have been cooked?
Liz Rankin 1923 Days Ago
Gonna make this for a family dinner this Sat. Stay tuned. Looks divine, this is the only starch I'm serving, save perhaps some Mancini bread, which is classic Pittsburgh, for relatives from the Carolinas. Can't wait!


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This work studies the origin of macroeconomic imbalances in the Spanish economy in the context of European integration, analyzing some of the major hypotheses found in economic literature as causes of imbalances in current accounts, disparities in competitiveness among member states and the fiscal position of the Spanish government. We emphasize the breaking point of adopting a single currency and how this has affected interest rates, economic growth forecasts and the strong and continuous inflow of capital from countries in the Eurozone core, contributing to the real-estate bubble and leveraging the private sector.
Since the beginning of the last decade and, to a greater extent since Bernanke's (2005) work was published, global imbalances have been viewed as a source of instability and a potential risk for the world economy. The economic literature has studied various hypotheses regarding the origin of global imbalances. One of the most remarkable says that current account balances and falling long-term interest rates in the United States (US) were a result of flows derived from excess savings in emerging economies, principally in Asia, and oil exporting countries, which the literature on global imbalances has coined the savings glut. This savings glut, together with the difficulties the United States faced in absorbing it, was one of the principal causes of the 2007 financial crisis. With that said, empirical studies have researched various reasons why savings rates in East Asian emerging markets and oil exporting countries have grown, coming to a few conclusions. First, some emerging countries have followed an export-led growth strategy, which requires maintaining a competitive exchange rate and, therefore, accumulating reserves to intervene in the currency exchange market (Catte et al., 2011; King, 2011; Herrerías and Orts, 2010; Rodrik, 2008). Second, a significant portion of savings are a sort of precautionary measure, in response to fear of external shocks and sudden capital flight (Menkhoff, 2013; Porcile et al., 2011; Aizenman et al., 2011; Taguchi, 2011; Calvo and Reinhart, 2002), aging populations and deficient social protection schemes (Horioka and Wan, 2007; Ferrucci and Miralles, 2007), as well as coverage in case the price of exported goods should drop (Bems and Carvalho-Filho, 2011; Kilian et al., 2009; Le and Chang, 2013). Finally, savings have also flowed out of these economies and into advanced economies because their own financial systems are underdeveloped (King, 2011; Ferruci and Miralles, 2007).
More recent works have conceded that although the savings glut from emerging Asian markets and oil exporting countries may have contributed to reducing the yields of the most secure and liquid assets through their entry into the United States market, and therefore may have displaced capital flows coming mainly from Europe for financial innovation products in search of greater returns (Bertaut et al., 2012), it is also true that net flows, like the current accounts balance, are less explanatory. Rather, it is gross flows that are the most important factor in explaining the financial instability we have seen in recent years (Borio and Disyatat, 2011). By considering gross flows, the European flows become more relevant. On the whole, although both the European Union and the Eurozone have had a current accounts balance close to the equilibrium, inflowing and outflowing gross flows may have contributed to the instability of the international financial system.
When it comes to the European Union, in general, and the Eurozone more specifically, its member countries have had extremely divergent external positions (Lane and Milesi-Ferretti, 2007). That is, while countries such as Germany, Holland or Finland have had persistent current account surpluses, Spain, Greece and Portugal have had consistently negative external balances. To that effect, the role of Holland, France and Germany as financial intermediaries for the capital flows of the global market has been notable (Chen et al., 2013; Schmitz and Von Hagen, 2011). In other words, they have been borrowers in the global markets and lenders in the European realm.
Besides the discrepancy of external positions seen among member nations in Europe, certain variables related to the functioning of the monetary union vary widely as well. These include public deficits, productivity, prices and labor costs. The discrepancy among these variables contributed to making peripheral countries in the Eurozone less competitive and caused their external positions and fiscal balances to become unstable and unsustainable.
This work studies the origin of imbalances in Spain in an environment of European economic integration. Concretely, it analyzes a few hypotheses found in economic literature as causes of the current account imbalances and disparate competitiveness of member nations. Analyzing the origin of imbalances in the Spanish economy is relevant given that Spain is facing the largest economic crisis of its recent history. Moreover, this work aims to provide useful information and explanatory terms to explore the causes of macroeconomic imbalances in the Spanish economy, their relationship to the financial crisis and sovereign debt, as well as possible economic policy alternatives.
To meet this goal, after the introduction section, the first portion of this work will analyze the economic literature on imbalances between European countries. The second section will look at major hypotheses regarding the origin of these imbalances in the Spanish economy. Finally, this work offers some conclusions. Based on the prior analysis, this text shows that the adoption of the single currency was a breaking point, and that it impacted interest rates, economic growth expectations and the strong and continuous inflow of capital from countries in the nucleus of the Eurozone, helping form the real-estate market bubble and leveraging the private sector.
As mentioned earlier, although member countries of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) have exhibited, overall, external balances close to equilibrium (measured in terms of the current account balance), the individual positions of each nation are extremely divergent. To describe the situation, we can take as a base the countries that originally adopted the euro in 1999 (Germany, Austria, Belgium, Spain, Finland, France, Holland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal) and Greece (2001) and separate them into three groups: deficit, surplus and equilibrium (equilibrium countries have a ratio of +/-2%), as defined by the average current account balance as a percentage of GDP since the year in which the euro was adopted until 2012. The surplus country group includes Belgium, Finland, Germany, Luxembourg, and Holland, while the deficit group includes Greece, Portugal and Spain. Finally, countries with relative current account equilibria include Austria, France, Ireland and Italy. Nations with an extreme surplus include Luxembourg (9.27%), Holland (5.68%) and Finland (4.45%), while the countries with the greatest negative balances were Portugal (-9.25%), Greece (-8.44%) and Spain (-5.12%).
A variety of hypotheses have emerged to explain these unbalanced current accounts in EMU countries. The first explanation is based on the convergence of less developed countries towards more developed. That is, given their varied initial endowments, capital would flow from countries with greater capital-labor ratios towards those with lower ratios aiming to obtain higher marginal returns for future growth expectations generated by integration and convergence (sometimes called catching up) (Schmitz and Von Hagen, 2011; Belke and Dreger, 2013; Campa and Gavilán, 2011). The global process of commercial and financial integration, with the EMU as the leader, created a situation in which countries in search of economic convergence1 would take advantage of capital flows now that the currency exchange risks had been eliminated (Lane and Milesi-Ferretti, 2007; Lane, 2013), and this catching up process would increase their economic growth rates. This would have been possible because in the environment of European integration, peripheral countries had relatively developed and homogenous systems as compared to the nucleus, and were embroiled in the very institutional framework of the European Union. In summary, the first explanation relates the current account balance with development levels and European integration.
A first approach is presented in Figure 1, showing the positive relationship between the average of current account balances since the euro was adopted until 2012, with GDP per capita of the country as compared to Germany at the time the euro was adopted. Using the convergence hypothesis and the idea of economic integration, adopting the euro would have meant a significant decrease in interest rates, effectively eliminating currency exchange risks, as capital flows towards peripheral countries would destabilize current accounts, which would be corrected as real convergence was achieved.
Besides the hypothesis of conversion and EMU integration, macroeconomic imbalances among European countries are also linked to the loss of competitiveness in peripheral countries. There are three key points here. The first is related to the German export-led growth strategy instituted after unification, which depressed internal demand by maintaining prices and salaries artificially low and weakening the negotiating power of unions (Schnabl and Freitag, 2012; Brancaccio, 2012). The second is greater relative growth in prices and wages in peripheral countries in the absence of their own nominal exchange rate strategies, which translated into deteriorating competitiveness for these nations. Finally, it has also been said that adopting the euro with nominal exchange rates that were different from long-term values may have contributed to economic cycles becoming unsynchronized (Toribio-Dávila, 2011). If we add to that the implementation of expansive monetary policy, the result is that the economies that entered the Eurozone with a more competitive exchange rate overheated. In an environment of restrictions imposed by the EMU, when there are asymmetrical shocks to demand, monetary policy becomes ineffective and the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) can become a factor that limits the stimuli that less advantaged members need.
Finally, the economic literature has indicated two factors as the cause of these imbalances. The first is related to the varied demographic stages in which each member country of the EMU found itself (Aizenman and Sengupta, 2011; Hassan et al., 2011; Barnes et al., 2010). This hypothesis says that countries like Germany, with a greater ratio of dependent elderly people than in countries like Ireland, may have contributed to higher savings rates in the former that were channeled to countries like the latter. The second and final factor relates the current account balance with the government budget balance, which in the literature is known as twin deficits, although the extent to which these deficits contributed to the external positions of peripheral countries is still unclear (Barnes et al., 2010; Brissimis et al., 2010; Blanchard, 2007).
Studying European integration in the third stage of the EMU2 begins with an attempt to determine whether the adoption of the euro was a structural breaking point for macroeconomic imbalances in the Spanish economy. To answer this question, we look to three key variables in the financial and economic integration process. First, the current account balance, which reflects the difference between national savings and investment. Second, the nominal interest rate, where the adoption of the euro and the disappearance of currency exchange risk had a positive impact on the risk premium. Finally, the real effective exchange rate, which, in the absence of a nominal exchange rate adjustment mechanism, reveals relative prices among Eurozone economies and is moreover frequently used as a measure of competitiveness.
Two structural breaking point tests were conducted for this analysis. The first was proposed by Perron (1997) and the second by Bai and Perron (1998). Current account and real effective exchange rate data series were used as a reference, the latter based on unit labor costs taken from the International Financial Statistics of the International Monetary Fund (IFS-IMF), as well as the nominal interest rate for ten-year public debt, which was used as a convergence criterion. This last data series was obtained from the National Statistics Institute of Spain. To describe this approach, it must be mentioned that it was difficult to obtain long data series for the same period, which is why the analysis is restricted by their availability. That means that time periods may be different for the variables, although the reference year is always the year in which the euro was adopted. Moreover, we do not include the period up to 2008Q4, because the objective was to analyze how macroeconomic imbalances developed and the idea was to prevent the shock of the international financial crisis from dominating the results. Table 1 displays the results of the structural breaks tests proposed by Perron (1997) and Bai and Perron (1998). Because the former determines a single breaking point previously unknown in the series, it is not very useful when there are multiple breaks. The second test by Bai and Perron (1998) eliminates this problem and proposes an approach using a least ordinary squares (LOS) regression to identify the presence of up to five multiple unknown breaks.
This table shows a series of structural breaks in the current account balance between 1996 and 2003, that is, in the period prior to and in the early years of the adoption of the euro. The 2003Q4 break indicates the point at which the current account balance began to deteriorate more rapidly. The real effective exchange rate based on unit labor costs reveals breaks in 1989, 1993-94 and 2002. It was during the 2002Q1 break when the divergence between the real exchange rate trends in Spain and Germany began to accelerate. Finally, for the interest rate taken as a reference for convergence criteria, there were changes in 1997, 1999, 2002 and 2005. We can see how starting when the single currency was adopted, the reference interest rate for convergence stabilized around record low levels. In other words, financial and economic integration, which intensified in the third stage of the EMU, was an inflection point for the macroeconomic imbalances of the Spanish economy. The positive shock from adopting the euro and the financial integration process during the third phase of the EMU would have been a great incentive for extraordinary capital flows from the nucleus to Southern countries. These flows, along with falling risk premiums due to the elimination of currency exchange risk, would have caused the current account balance to deteriorate.
In addition to the financial integration explanation, deteriorating current account balances are related to future growth expectations for the Spanish economy associated with convergence (catching up) towards the nucleus economies of the Eurozone. Empirical works have shown that growth expectations for convergence economies in the Eurozone were biased with respect to their macroeconomic foundation (Ca'Zorzi et al., 2012; Gibson et al., 2012; Beirne and Frantzscher, 2013), which shows that economic agents overreacted both to the positive effects of integration on convergence economies as well as the real negative impact of the recent financial crisis.
The question now is to analyze the why competitiveness fell in the years following the adoption of the euro, and what role the fiscal position of the Spanish government played in Spanish imbalances.
Figure 2 compares the performance of the real exchange rate for various Eurozone member countries in the years following the adoption of the euro. For reasons of space, the countries known as PIIGS (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain) and the German economy were used as a reference. Based on Figure 2, and starting in the year in which the euro was adopted, we see a discrepancy in the real effective exchange rate index between Germany and the PIIGS. The difference is greatest for Ireland, Spain and Greece.
A key part of this analysis is studying the relationship between the growing labor costs and productivity. Figure 3 shows how the growth rates of nominal unit labor costs have evolved in this group of countries. Three facts stand out in this Figure 3. First, unit labor costs rose constantly in the PIIGS countries following the introduction of the euro. Second, we can see a sudden drop in labor costs following the start of the financial crisis in 2007, made worse by the European sovereign debt crisis starting in 2010. On this point, it should be said that in Ireland, costs fell, a place where the labor market has been considered highly flexible. Finally, in Germany, until right before the crisis, unit labor costs were relatively stagnant. This would have contributed to the loss of competitiveness seen in peripheral countries as compared to the German economy, whose export-led growth strategy has been characterized by weakened domestic demand.3
Figure 4 compares the evolution of unit labor cost indices, productivity per labor unit employed and consumer prices for the period 1999-2012. The series reveal that in Spain, Ireland, Italy and Portugal, unit labor costs grew consistently and more strongly than productivity. Looking at the Greek economy, there is a positive correlation, in which productivity growth was greater than unit labor cost growth until before the crisis. Finally, in the German economy, unit labor costs were relatively stable while productivity grew significantly. In the Spanish economy, there was a strong and sustained increase of consumer prices, while the German economy saw consumer price growth below that of productivity in the period before the crisis.
In summary, the combination of strong price growth and labor costs in the Spanish economy with respect to productivity, relative price and unit labor cost stagnation, simultaneous to strong productivity growth in the Germany economy, meant that the Spanish economy became less competitive as compared to Germany. First, the German export-led growth strategy would have contributed to its relative increase in competitiveness by maintaining the aggregate domestic demand depressed. Second, external flows reaching Spain would have pressured demand, which is reflected in the prices and salary costs of its economy. However, labor costs in both the German and Spanish economies grew at different rates depending on the sectors involved.
Table 2 offers sector-based information on unit labor costs in the Spanish and German economies. In the former, unit labor costs for manufacturing, industry, construction, commerce, transportation and communications, financial and business services, market services and the business sector grew. However, it was the construction sector that saw unit labor costs grow significantly faster than other economic sectors between the start of the third phase of the EMU and the beginning of the crisis. Similarly, the construction sector was most drastically affected after the crisis began. Looking at the German economy, an analysis by sectors reveals no constant trends. Similarly to the Spanish economy, construction saw greater increases in unit labor costs, although to a lesser extent. The strong increase in unit labor costs in the Spanish construction sector can be explained primarily by the real-estate bubble that grew in the first half of the past decade. Falling nominal interest rates, as a result of decreased transaction costs associated with integration and the elimination of currency exchange risks, in addition to high growth expectations for the Spanish economy, led to a boom in resources, which, through the Spanish financial sector, mainly their savings banks, translated into constant investment in housing, in light of the high yields of this sector and the assumption that real-estate prices would not fall.
These constant inflows led to negative real interest rates, which pushed real-estate prices up. Moreover, the construction boom attracted workers from other economic sectors because of the high salaries it offered. One of the features of the Spanish economy, due to the marked duality of its labor market, is that in times of boom, it creates lots of jobs, while in times of recession, it destroys them just as quickly. This can be explained by the fact that job creation in times of boom is buoyed by temporary contracts, which strongly limit productivity growth, not to mention that they contain provisions for easy firing and often fail to offer the social benefits of indefinite contracts.
Figure 5 displays approximate real interest rate data estimated for the various nominal interest rates minus the GDP deflator for the Spanish economy for the time period 1995-2012. The series shown are for the interest rate of the Euribor inter-banking market for one year terms, the weighted average of the mortgage market interest rate for three-year or longer loans for all financial entities and the interest rate for ten-year public debt used as convergence criteria.
Starting at the beginning of that time period, the real interest rate fell and even in the years immediately prior to the start of the third phase of the EMU, real rates were negative. This would have encouraged the real-estate bubble to develop and would have increased private indebtedness. To this effect, Toribio-Dávila (2011) wrote that the adoption of the euro at a nominal exchange rate different from the long-term equilibrium may have desynchronized economic cycles among Eurozone countries, as some of them entered with a relatively competitive exchange rate and others had competitiveness issues. Based on this assumption, active monetary policy would become ineffective in addressing asymmetrical demand shocks, because it would overheat the group of countries with competitive exchange rates. In terms of the European economy, this would explain part of the demand side pressures that impacted economic growth in Southern economies and led to a substantial increase in prices and wages.
The constant entry of foreign flows in combination with the housing market boom and real negative interest rates would have caused household savings rates to fall drastically. Overall, the boom in private consumption and historically low interest rates were an incentive for the Spanish private sector to take on growing amounts of debt. Non-financial corporations were involved in leveraging linked to the boom of the decade prior. Figure 7 shows the ratio of net debt to income after taxes for non-financial corporations in Germany, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Portugal and the Eurozone. It reveals a notable increase in leveraging in Spain and Portugal. The increase in Italy was rather more moderate, while the ratio was relatively stable in the rest of the countries.
Although the Spanish case has recently been described principally as a public debt issue, which would indicate the need for fiscal consolidation to return debt levels to the limits imposed by the SGP, its origin is actually a combination of private debt, economic policy errors prior to the crisis (undermining the capacity for economic officials to respond to problems) and the financial aid system. The left axis in Figure 8 shows data for the evolution of public debt as a percentage of GDP for a select group of countries including the Eurozone (the group of 17), while the right axis shows public deficit/surplus data for the Spanish economy. Because public debt as a percentage of GDP is exclusively focused on the Spanish economy, we can see that starting at the beginning of the third phase of the EMU, when the Spanish economy had a sustained economic growth rate, the ratio of public debt to GDP fell continuously until 2007, reaching some of the lowest levels seen among developed nations. By way of comparison, up until before the outbreak of the crisis, the Spanish economy had a public debt to GDP ratio far below that of Germany, France, Italy, Greece and the average of the Eurozone (the group of 17). France and Germany have performed better than SGP requirements – which stipulate a maximum debt to GDP ratio of 60% – since 2002/2003. Meanwhile, Greece and Italy have also faced debt problems with respect to the limits imposed by the SGP during the period under study, reaching record highs above 170% in Greece and 130% in Italy.
Due to the differences in the fiscal positions of these governments, empirical studies have shown that the relationship between current account balances and the government budget balance is neither clear nor homogenous among countries with the greatest macroeconomic imbalances in the European Union (Barnes et al., 2010; Brissimis et al., 2010; Blanchard, 2007). On the other hand, we can see that between 2004-2005 and 2007, the Spanish economy enjoyed a surplus in its public accounts, largely connected to Spanish economic growth. Now, the key question is to determine what made the fiscal position of the government go from having a fiscal surplus and a debt to GDP ratio far below SGP imposed limits to a situation in which its public finances are now apparently unsustainable. When Spain joined the monetary union, it was affected, on the one hand, by the contagion of weaker fiscal positions from other economies and, on the other, the limits that the SGP imposed on the economic policy measures it could take to respond to the strength and duration of the 2007 crisis. In addition, the dynamics of Spanish public debt can also be explained by interventions from public administrations in recapitalizing financial entities,4 including the European Financial Stability Fund, bilateral loans with Greece, the European Stability Mechanism, the Fund for Orderly Bank Restructuring and the Fund for the Acquisition of Financial Assets, as well as financial system aid, such as contingent liabilities, which refer to the volume of operations known as bank guarantees from Spanish public administrations, which was around 17% of GDP at the end of 2012 including backing given to the financial system, the European Financial Stability Fund and the Company for the Management of Assets from the Restructuring of the Banking System (Gordon
In recent economic literature, there have been two works notable for their understanding of the economic policy errors that led the Spanish economy into its public debt problems. On the one hand, Serrano (2010) describes a combination of situations and early economic policy errors made by the Spanish government that greatly reduced the margin for fiscal policy to act within SGP limitations and impact economic reactivation.
First, 2007-2008 fiscal policy was biased towards expansion, even when the economy was in the growth phase of its economic cycle due to the proximity of the 2008 general elections. To this we can add the fiscal reforms of 2007, which were somewhat pro-cyclical. Second, the distribution of the 2008-2009 fiscal stimulus – one of the largest in Europe at nearly 9% of GDP – between public income (tax cuts) and public spending was fundamentally different than in the rest of European countries, because tax cuts played a relatively more important role in Spain. Serrano proposes that the effect of the fiscal stimulus depends to a greater extent on its compatibility with monetary policy and multipliers associated with spending and taxes. Because the coefficients of these multipliers are not static, the combination of high indebtedness among families and the uncertainty associated with the shock of the crisis meant that tax cuts were not channeled into consumption, nor did they help aggregate income grow. Rather, they led to a substantial increase in savings (see Figure 6) aiming to prevent future economic catastrophes and reduce private sector leverage. This combination greatly limited fiscal efforts in keeping with SGP limits, and the effects of the fiscal stimulus were minimal.
On the other hand, Ferreiro et al. (2013) focused on the issue of coordinating Spanish governmental fiscal policy and European Central Bank policies, the pro-cyclical slant of fiscal policy before the crisis and the size of the public sector of the Spanish economy, as well as its role as an automatic stabilizer. This author also wrote that the Spanish public sector was too small, with respect to other economies in the Eurozone and the European Union, to really stabilize the economy after the shock of the financial crisis. This work shows a positive relationship between public sector size and economic stabilization. In that sense, a small public sector would further decrease income levels and hurt the fiscal balance.
Finally, the lack of coordination between ECB and Spanish governmental economic policy: this issue limited the effects of the fiscal policy implemented. Briefly, the fiscal position of the government was balanced and sustainable during the cycle of macroeconomic fluctuations, but it was not until the outbreak of the crisis that prior economic policy errors made by the Spanish government, the effects of automatic stabilizers, aid to the financial system and the lack of coordination with ECB monetary policy that the fiscal position of the government became, according to the SGP, unsustainable.
The economic crisis that began in 2007 and has led the Spanish economy to record high unemployment above 25% has made clear that the macroeconomic imbalances that began to appear in the third phase of the EMU were unsustainable. With that said, adopting the single currency reduced costs associated with the exchange rate and encouraged trade relationships between EMU member countries in a common institutional framework that bolstered growth expectations for economies in Southern Europe – as a result of so-called catching up – and was an incentive for strong capital flows towards convergence economies. On the one hand, this exerted pressure on demand for prices and wages and, on the other, significantly reduced nominal interest rates, to the point that there were even negative real interest rates. Moreover, Spanish growth in the years following the adoption of the euro was linked to indebtedness strongly associated with the real-estate market boom. Moreover, during the boom of the last decade, the fiscal position of the government was strong, as it not only had a fiscal surplus for many years, but it also had a substantially low debt to GDP ratio, one of the lowest in the European Union. The shock of the international financial crisis, coupled with private indebtedness, the insolvency of the Spanish banking system and lack of coordination between governmental fiscal policy and ECB policy, has led to a profound Spanish economic recession with unemployment hovering around 26% and poor economic growth prospects.
The crisis made clear that the macroeconomic imbalances that developed in the Spanish economy were unsustainable. However, the policies implemented, both in Spain and in Europe, do not appear to attack the structural problems underlying these imbalances. On the one hand, to emerge from economic stagnation and reduce its high unemployment rate, Spain must turn away from the panacea of austerity and implement measures to drive demand. In this sense, the fairly low competitiveness of Spain as compared to Europe could be addressed by increasing nominal wages in nucleus countries. Moreover, this would drive the demand for exports from convergence countries. The arrival of a coalition government in Germany, which includes the Social Democratic Party, would appear to be a change, as they have announced that a minimum wage will be implemented. On the other hand, Spanish economic growth must rely on sources besides the real-estate market. Spain must diversify growth through targeted stimulus policies oriented towards specific sectors and industries. Finally, all of this will also require a labor policy scheme that incentivizes productivity, which will require a relative decrease in precarious temporary employment and a shift towards greater labor stability.
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* Universidad del País Vasco, Spain. email@example.com
1 Convergence countries, Southern European countries or European peripheral countries are all terms used in the economic literature to describe countries that are relatively less developed in the EMU (Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain). Countries such as Germany, Finland and Holland are known as the nucleus of the union.
2 The EMU was to be constituted in three phases. The first began in July 1990 with the liberalization of capital transactions, greater cooperation between central banks and free use of the European Currency Unit (ECU). The second phase (1994) provided for the creation of the European Monetary Institute, sought greater autonomy for central banks and heightened monetary policy coordination. During the third stage (1999), countries began to share the euro, and therefore common monetary policy.
3 For reasons of space and the goals of this work, we will not analyze competitiveness using nominal unit labor costs. However, there has been criticism of this relationship. For example, Felipe and Utsar (2011) indicate that there is no relationship between growing unit labor costs and the product. Moreover, constructing unit labor costs with aggregate data can lead to errors. In addition, the basket of goods exported varies widely among European countries, which makes it difficult to compare how unit labor costs have evolved. The work by Felipe and Utsar concludes that reducing nominal salaries would not resolve the competitiveness issues faced by some members of the Eurozone. This perspective, together with the fact that the qualitative features of the products should be taken into account, is worthy of further discussion. We would like to thank an anonymous evaluator for this enriching comment.
4 Data on public aid provided to recapitalize the banking system should be read with care. In a publication dated September 2, 2013 on aid for the Spanish financial system, the Banco de España divulged that this information is heterogeneous, disperse and does not include a series of items for which it was allocated, which makes it difficult to use in international comparisons.
5 The real amount of items contingent on the debt of public administrations cannot be precisely known until these schemes mature.
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The online journal Problemas del Desarrollo. Revista Latinoamericana de Economía corresponds to the printed edition of the same title with ISSN 0301-7036


text: Hi guys Have just made my house wireless today with netgear. The internet all works fine but i was wondering how to sync both my computers up to a network. My scenario is i have one desktop mac connected via the ethernet cable and the other one is operating on a wireless card. How can i sync the both together and create a network, where i can file share and use the same printing facilities. Excuse my ignorance as i'm new to this whole wireless thing. Any advice would be wikkid! Thanks in advance.


text: John 19:16- Nail It To The Cross March 8, 2017 John 19:16-Then he handed Him over to them to be crucified.Jesus death on the cross was no accident. Make no mistake about it! God orchestrated every detail from Bethlehem to Calvary.Pilate may have delivered Jesus to the cross to be crucified in a cruel and shameful way, but unknown to Pilate, he was fulfilling God's promise that God made to Himself before the foundation of the world to purchase salvation for our sins by the shedding of blood by His Son on Calvary cross.The crucifixion of Jesus is our redemptive story. Without the shedding of His blood there is no remission of sins.John tells us in this text that Pilate handed over Jesus to His enemies to be nailed to the cross. The verdict that came in against Jesus was "Death" by crucifixion.That day as Jesus hung on the cross with nails in his hands and feet, Jesus looked out beyond the crowd and looked into the future where He saw you and I.At the cross that day when Jesus died, separation between God and man was nailed to the cross. Through Christ reconciliation between God and man was made possible by proof of a torn curtain in the temple at Jerusalem.That day at Calvary sin, guilt and condemnation was nailed to the cross in exchange for grace, mercy, forgiveness and salvation. Redemption was complete for Jesus said it is finished!.This morning, the call for us is to nail it to the cross by laying aside every weight and sin that so easily beset us.Let us nail to the cross, all those past hurts, pain, disappointment, obstacles and hurdles that hinders our walk with the Lord. What is it in our lives that we need to nail to the cross so we can walk in newness of life with Christ? What is it that we need to nail to the cross so we can live in the power of God's Word.The call to you today is to come to Jesus and nail whatever it is that is hindering you to the cross for the final payment for our sins has been paid and fully accepted by God.Nail it at the cross for Jesus has given you permission to do just that.God bless.Debra I do not own this video nor do I claim ownership of it.


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Pawnbroker, H&T has announced a strong quarter four performance for pawnbroking and retail, and expects the full year profit before tax to be above current market expectations.
The Group has delivered another good performance in its lending operations. The pledge book increased 11.6% to £46.1m (31 December 2016: £41.3m) as a result of the higher gold price, the concession format and an increase in loans on quality watches. The Personal Loans book has increased by 94.7% to £18.3m (31 December 2016: £9.4m) as a result of the expansion in our longer term, lower interest rate loan product.
John Nichols, Chief Executive, said: "We have made real progress in delivering the strategy in the past year. We have expanded the range of personal loan products available to enable our customers to access cheaper loans and provide an opportunity to rebuild their credit score. We have improved retail through an expanded range of new jewellery and the development of both click-and-collect and online sales."
"The Group's performance over the past two years demonstrates the success of our strategy to access new customers and markets. Demand for our products remains strong and we look to the future with confidence."
The personal loans book increased by 94.7% to £18.3 million.


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This tasty paneer Makhani is made with tomatoes, cream, cashews and spices. Quick to make and thoroughly delicious, it's a vegetarian curry all will love.
I mentioned when I shared my fragrant chicken curry that our household is quite a fan of curry, though these days less hot ones since our toddler doesn't do chili and we've fallen out of the habit of having that much ourselves. Plus, I do often feel it's a sign of a tasty curry if it can stand alone pretty well without the need for blasting your head off with chili (although a bit of chili can be good too).
This paneer Makhani is a good case in point as the sauce is incredibly tasty, and while you certainly can add chili, as I have indicated, it works really well without any as well. And another added bonus is it is pretty quick and easy to make.
Even if you don't think you are a fan of Indian food, I'd urge you to give this a try, it's simply delicious.
How to make paneer Makhani
Paneer is a kind of firm, mild cheese that is great served with rich sauces. The Makhani sauce in this dish is made with butter, pureed tomatoes, cream and then in many cases cashew nuts as well as various flavorings.
I have adapted a few recipes I found and simplified the process to make the version below which is still pretty authentic to the Punjabi original and, as I say, truly delicious. Even hardened meat eaters will happily dig in (even if it is alongside a meat curry as well).
Tips for making paneer Makhani
There's not really too much to say on the process of making this as it's fairly straightforward. A couple tips:
- make sure you have chopped your ginger and garlic a bit before you puree, just to make sure they have a head start at breaking up and mixing through.
- Then, once you put the pureed tomato mixture in the pan, make sure you stir it fairly regularly to make sure it doesn't stick and burn.
- Finally, once you add the cream it is best not to cook it too vigorously but unlike yoghurt, it is a lot more stable so won't separate out so don't worry too much.
Really, though, it's pretty easy and is so tasty you'll wonder why you didn't make it before!
I have this habit of going all overboard with curries as I can never decide my favorite, and so when I made this paneer Makhani earlier in the week I also made a chicken curry, particularly for my son, and an eggplant curry. These were served up with rice and bread – we often have naan but this time I saw some nice-looking parathi.
All of them were great and we had tons of leftovers, but that's one of the best things like dishes like this – they are also great the next day, or cold for lunch. I do hope you'll give it a try, it's really worth a go.
This tasty paneer Makhani is made with tomatoes, cream, cashews and spices. Quick to make and thoroughly delicious.
- 2 1/2 cups tomatoes 400g, approx 4 tomatoes, roughly chopped
- 1/4 cup raw unsalted cashews 35g
- 1 clove garlic large, peeled and roughly chopped
- 1 tbsp ginger approx 1in/2.5cm piece, peeled and roughly chopped
- 1 green chili roughly chopped (optional)
- 1 tbsp butter 10g
- 1 tsp cumin seeds
- 1 tsp ground coriander
- 1/2 tsp turmeric
- 1 tsp sugar
- 2 tbsp heavy cream (double cream)
- 8 oz paneer 225g, cut in to cubes
- 1 handful cilantro coriander, roughly chopped
Puree together the tomatoes, cashews, ginger, garlic and chili if using until there are no large pieces.
Melt the butter in a pan. Add the cumin seeds and cook for a minute before adding the coriander and turmeric. Stir and cook a minute more.
Add the tomato mixture and the sugar. Cook, stirring now and then, for around 15-20 minutes until it reduces down slightly and you see the butter bubbling through the tomatoes.
Add the cream and paneer, stir and reduce to a simmer and cook another 2-3 minutes.
Stir in the cilantro (or put over the top for decoration and to allow people to do themselves) and serve.
Recipe Video
Try these other delicious curries:
Remember to pin for later!


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- martincrumptonAsked on November 09, 2016 at 04:03 PM
I have a javascript function that returns true or false based on a calculation done on the value passed to it. I would like to use this function to validate the contents of a text box on my jotform. I understand that I need to add the function to the source code but I am not sure how to integrate it into the form.
- JotForm SupportJim_RAnswered on November 09, 2016 at 08:26 PM
Hello, you will not integrate it with the form itself (within JotForm) because we do not allow insertion of any sort of script on any part/section of your form.
Your understanding is correct that you need to use the Full Source code of your form, but integrating your JS function would mean you would do it from your end. The general workflow would be as follows:
1. You grab your form's Full Source code.
2. You embed it anywhere you like.
3. On that same page where you embedded the full source code, that's where you need to point your JS function to validate the contents of a textbox on your form.
If I were in your shoes, I would approach this by hooking up your function to the element ID of the textbox.


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A Guest Post by Frank Graff of 919 Marketing
With another day in a long summer of days with temperatures close to 100, it seems that almost every time I turn on the news I hear the same warning: "Stay Hydrated." And I would imagine with most of the country sweltering in a heat wave, many Americans are hearing the same warning. While it's tempting to drink iced tea or an ice-cold soda when it's hot, the reality is that it's not good for you, and it can even have the opposite effect of dehydration. There are too many calories and too much sugar, not to mention the cost. Water is best, and cheapest. But that, of course, begs the question: how much water should you drink?
A report from the Mayo Clinic explains your body is about 60% water and every organ needs water, from flushing out toxins to carrying nutrients throughout your body. A lack of water leads to dehydration, which can make you tired and lead to a build-up of toxins in the body. It also makes it harder for the body to control its temperature.
In general, doctors advise drinking eight to nine cups of fluid a day and even more if you're going to be in the summer heat. It doesn't need to be just water, as all fluids count towards the total, but when it's really hot it's best to stay away from liquids that contain caffeine, alcohol, or large amounts of sugar. Here's the reasoning: You lose about 1.5 liters (6.3 cups) in urine. Breathing, sweating and bowel movements account for another four cups. You'll take in 20% of the fluids you need from food, which means you'll need to consume about two liters of fluid (about eight cups) just to break even. That's why more fluids are needed if you're going to be out in the sun.
So exactly how much water do you need to stay hydrated? Here's a good rule of thumb. If you drink enough fluids that you rarely feel thirsty, your body is telling you that you're on the right track.
So grab that cold glass of water. Cheers!
Image source: wingate.govoffice.com
Filed Under: Cheap living, Featured, Food, Healthy living
Consumer Education Services, Inc. (CESI) is a non-profit service provider of comprehensive personal financial education and solutions for all life stages and for all of life's milestones. Our goal is enhanced economic security for everyone we serve.
CESI is NOT A LOAN COMPANY


text:
Sometimes you are going to choose among the airport transportation services it can be very tough but the final decision can be able to make you or at the same time break. You.
You may have heard some stories from your neighbors and your friends regarding your trip that they had that ended up so terribly are your relatives who went to a place and almost made her want to take the flight back home . there are times that it is not because of the private places that we often want to visit that would help us want to trash our plans of the travel but rather make your choice of the transportation.
Sure thing you me this are just a very small problem of a bigger picture but in fact they do have a great influence specially for the train of events and most definitely the mood that you currently have. Your decision of airplane terminal transportation administrations is the same: you land at your goal air terminal and prepared to go to your lodging yet you're partitioned between regardless of whether you should take a taxicab or take the transport going there; whichever way they can both be saddling encounters.
You might want to consider to take a taxi on your trip. The Air terminal cabs at http://seattletowncarinc.com have multiplied throughout the years to the indicate that the traveler taxi proportion is 1:1. considered a very scary scenario because when there will be a flock of the taxi driver that will offer and at the same time take you to your destination. you may also take some good side in this situation even though sometimes it may appear or sound bad on your part.
You don't have to feel bad if ever you're not given some fair meter rate in your trip because there are also some locations that the taxi drivers will be lowering the rate just to be able to compete with other taxi drivers.
There are some travelers who intend to go shoddy or have an exceptionally specific spending plan tend to ride airplane terminal transports. Right now it is very unfair for us to directly say that the buses in the airport or at the very last part of the Seattle town car service because the condition of the trip via airport buses can vary in so many ways .
It all depends on which airport you are currently located because the airport buses can be very spic and span or someone very close just from the coffin on its wheels. Learn more about car hire at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_rental.


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LONDON, Oct. 26, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- This report by Beverage Marketing Corp. READY TO GO.
This beverage packaging research report from Beverage Marketing Corporation offers market insights as well as statistical breakouts by type and size (in units) for eleven beverage categories, making it the most comprehensive research report available. It covers beverage-packaging issues, trends and innovations by category and by beverage type. It also includes discussion of leading companies, their history and products.
The answers you need
You won't want to miss BMC's industry report and its insights on the ever-changing beverage packaging marketplace. As consumer environmental concerns grow and their need for convenience continues, industry ingenuity is at peak levels. Innovation abounds as packaging suppliers strive to develop new packaging formats and solutions to meet consumer demands. You'll find answers to your questions including:
- What are the latest developments in beverage packaging in the U.S. market?
- Which packaging segments and sizes grew in 2015, and which did not?
- How have the various packaging materials divided up the beverage packaging market share pie and what share shifts can be expected in the future? What trends will drive the changes?
- What are the unit volumes for each of the leading beverage types, including beer, bottled water, carbonated soft drinks, distilled spirits, ready-to-drink tea and coffee, energy drinks, fruit beverages, wine and sports beverages?
- What are the latest packaging innovations devised by industry leaders including cans, bottles, flexible packaging and plastic?
- What percentage of unit volume have tea pods claimed?
- What percentage of shelf-stable fruit drink units are sold in pouches?
- What are the growth prospects through 2020 – by beverage type and package type?
This report features
Beverage Packaging in the U.S. offers the most comprehensive beverage packaging research available, providing a comprehensive overview of the U.S. beverage market from a packaging perspective. It features:
- A review of the evolution of beverage packaging from the simplest bottle structure to the shaped two-piece aluminum cans and stand-up pouch.
- Investigation of the strategic packaging design and its psychological effect on purchasing decisions.
- Comprehensive analysis of the types of packaging materials – metal, glass, plastic and paper – and their relative importance in the different beverage segments.
- A detailed discussion and data on packaging materials and sizes for each industry including: carbonated soft drinks, bottled water, beer, wine, distilled spirits, fruit beverages, sports and energy drinks and ready-to-drink coffee, tea and milk.
- An in-depth review of the beverage packaging industry suppliers and the leading packaging manufacturers, looking at their offerings, marketing strategy, production facilities and financial position. Companies covered include Alcoa, Amcor, Ball Corporation, Crown Holdings, DAK Americas, International Paper, Novelis, O-I, Plastipak Packaging, Reynolds Group Holdings and WestRock.
- In this comprehensive beverage packaging market report, Beverage Marketing also offers growth projections for the various packaging materials by beverage category and discussion of the trends that will drive the beverage packaging market through 2020.
Download the full report: https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/1633369/
About Reportbuyer
Reportbuyer is a leading industry intelligence solution that provides all market research reports from top publishers
For more information:
Sarah Smith
Research Advisor at Reportbuyer.com
Email: email@example.com
Tel: +44 208 816 85 48
Website: www.reportbuyer.com
SOURCE ReportBuyer


text:
18 Jan 2018 21:51
If I develop it (a website), they will arrive? The answer to that is NO. If you produce distinctive content material, actively syndicate and market that content to selected sites, and participate in social, internet and consumer communities - Then they will arrive.Link developing. The number of hyperlinks that point back again to your web site will significantly impact the rankings of your webpages. Consequently, SEO companies will build back links consistently to your website. There are many hyperlink developing strategies and different businesses might use different types of methods. Some efficient link building services are article advertising, push launch, blog commenting, listing submission, etc.Have a appear at the customers they have. If they have clients that you are nicely conscious of then they have clearly done their occupation well. Have a appear at 1 of the consumer's social existence, how active they are and where they seem on lookup results.Many discussion board sites receive a massive quantity as they offer relevant and significant information to the info seekers. Now, we understood that what is forum and why it is so essential? Discussion boards are extremely useful for SEO Dublin viewpoint as you can get a high quality back hyperlink for your website. By making an efficient and meaningful signature link for every your posts, you can see the drastic improve in our back again links and also traffic. This visitors is often highly targeted.Outsourcing is an efficient way out if you want to get related search outcomes in the directories. However, the initial thing that you need to find out is the quantity of many years the SEO services company has been in company. It is great to zero in on a company that has been trading in company for at least two-3 years and has a checklist of clients. You should try and discover the consumer testimonials. In case the Company is new, you can go via the consumer reviews to determine whether they are competent enough to function on your website. You can demo them by putting a little order to check if the business is dependable or not. The Business ought to provide a detailed submission report and provide the venture on time.Do I require a top SEO company? Operating with a company has its advantages and disadvantages. The primary advance is that a team of SEO's will be operating on your venture. The primary disadvantage is that the group of SEO's working on your project will probably have just one to two years of experience. SEO is much more about making continuous value for your customers, following your intuitions, and maintaining a appear out for possibilities. Will this company be attentive to these?When you are speaking about guaranteed SEO Dublin, you are speaking about a services that is guaranteeing a particular quantity of hits on your web site or a particular place in the lookup outcomes for the major search engines. In both case, you are getting some type of assure from the business that you are heading to get a certain degree of services from them. This is something that is a great advantage for your company. Getting a assure on the results of a advertising campaign is some thing that is seldom if ever pulled off. You will want to make sure that the very best SEO company you can discover is supplying this type of service for you.To start with the initial thing that you will have to verify with the provider is the amount of experience he has in the field of advertising via organic SEO Dublin. Well you will have to make certain that the provider is a well experienced one. This will assist you depend on him for your function and you will not have to believe a lot following hiring him for your project. Therefore experience is the initial criteria of the provider of these services.Results. You can scour the web for optimization tips and suggestions. You can do nearly every thing you read about, including hyperlink developing and keyword optimization. Even so, your outcomes will not be as great as those you would get utilizing SEO services. And why? Simply because a service company knows and utilizes the methods that you do. but also uses methods you cannot. An SEO services Dublin can get the sort of visitors and ranking outcomes that you will not see on your personal.The Search Motor Optimization (SEO)option is the procedure whereby a web site achieves a high ranking by scoring well on the algorithm, and is therefore displayed by the lookup motor high in their listings for a particular keyword. One employs SEO Dublin simply because they are experts at building website web page rankings and when one subscribes they will continually tweak your web page to maintain your web page rating great.A great SEO services Dublin should always offer a custom quote based on the competitors in your market. Some marketplaces are always very competitive, and the reality is, the much more aggressive it is, the more difficult will it be to give you the ranks. And therefore, the search motor optimization company will have to put in If you are you looking for more info on http://edgardoheredia.Wikidot.Com/blog:471 look into our internet site. a great deal of attempts and difficult function - naturally, the cost will be greater. Here are a few extremely aggressive niches - excess weight loss and well being related websites, travel and flight ticket bookings, on-line businesses that provide totally free insurance estimates, pet care especially canine, cash creating websites, and others like this.


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We are gearing up for a fantastic year-end celebration. A scrumptious bbq, lots of family-fun activities and entertainment. Join us Friday June 15th. The BBQ starts at 3pm, and there is also an earlier dance performance (2pm in the gym) by the kids. School colours will abound, dress in any or all of your Spirit Wear items, and think navy and yellow if you would like to supplement from your own wardrobe.
Your burger (choose beef, chicken, or veggie) must be ordered here in advance (deadline Tuesday 12)… and some of the activities will require cash on the day. Cake walk, crafts, face painting, games, and more.
Of course none of this would be possible without a team of volunteers. If you would like to help make this event a success, please sign up here


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About AAHA
- American Animal Hospital Association
- New Pet First Aid App by American Red Cross Features AAHA-Accredited Hospitals
- Why AAHA? Accreditation Standards
About Our Facility
Aging Pet Resources
- Doggon' Wheels belly straps, splits, slings, paw protectors, diapers and wraps
- Healthy Pet Senior Care Article
- Home Modifications for Senior Pets and Pets with Disabilities
- K-9 Carts Wheelchairs for amputees and lameness.
- Memorials have a tree planted in memory of a pet and receive a certificate
- Samaritan South Jersey Grief Support
- University of Pennsylvania Grief Support
- Walkabout harness-type sling for pet mobility
- Administering Medication
- Basic Health Check
- Diseases & Vaccination
- Eye Care
- Travelling with Your Pet
General Links
- Administering Medication VeterinaryPartner.com
- American Veterinary Medical Association
- Healthy Pet
- Household Dangers
- Humane Society
- Making Sense of a Pet Food Label
- New Jersey Veterinary Medical Association
- Pet and Animal Emergency Preparedness
- Pet Insurance
- Pet Insurance Review read reviews and compare pet insurance companies
- Pets and Animals Disaster Preparedness
- Pfizer™
- Shopping Green for Your Pet
- Traveling With Pets
- University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Hospital
Service Dogs
- 4 Paws for Ability Providing service dogs for people with disabilities
- VA Benefits for Guide and Service Dogs